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Sociology for Whom? Sociological Theory Building and Social Policy Making in Southeast Asia Jakarta, March 2-3, 2017

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Welcoming Remarks_______________________________________

The 2017 ASEAN SYMPOSIUM OF SOCIOLOGY with the main theme of SOCIOLOGY FOR WHOM? Theory Building and Social Policy Making in Southeast Asia is the first international symposium of sociology organized and hosted by the Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is an honor to be able to welcome all the distinguished guests and participants both from our Southeast Asian neighbors and The East Asian countries together with our fellow Indonesian academics and students.

The main theme of this academic symposium will comprise of three sub-themes: Theory Building, Policy Sociology, and Public Sociology. It is clear that this academic symposium main objective is to be able to theorize in order to contribute both for policy and public sociology; to make Sociology more relevant and more able to contribute towards academic work, policy making, and public activism. Hopefully this academic symposium will be the first step of a series of symposia and discussions for a more relevant and significant Sociology in Indonesia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia in the long term.

On behalf of The Department of Sociology, Universitas Indonesia, I would like to gratefully acknowledge the active participation and contribution of all our distinguished academic participants both from Southeast Asia and East Asia and our fellow Indonesians. Appreciation is especially given to the key speakers, Prof. Syed Farid Alatas, Ph.D. from National University of Singapore and Prof. Dr. Paulus Wirutomo from Universitas Indonesia.

I would also extend my gratitude to Prof Kamanto Sunarto, Ph.D., Prof. Dr Robert M.Z. Lawang, Prof. Iwan Gardono Sudjatmiko, Ph.D., Prof. Dr. der Soz. Rochman Achwan, Prof. Dr. der Soz. Gumilar Rusliwa Somantri, Prof. Dr. Sudarsono Hardjosukarto, and Prof. Dr. Dody Prayogo, for their full support in initiating and active contribution in making this academic symposium possible.

These two day international symposium which consists of one full day symposium open to the public and one half day round table discussion for invited guests would not be possible without the kind contribution and voluntary support of both the Steering Committee and the Organizing Committee organized by Dr. Rosa Diniari, Lugina Satyawati Setiono, Ph.D., Dr. Ida Ruwaida Noor, Daisy Indira Yasmine, M.Sc, Dr. Indera Ratna Irawati Pattinasarany, Raphaella Dwianto, Ph.D., and Heidy Angelica and all our lecturers and students; to all of you, my gratitude.

Hopefully this first international academic symposium will be a successful learning process and exchange of ideas between fellow sociologists in ASEAN and East Asia.

Selamat datang di Jakarta! Welcome!

Jakarta, 2 March 2017 Francisia Seda, Ph.D. Head of the Department of Sociology


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Background_____________________________________________

Sociology as a modern discipline have developed only recently since the 19th century with thick European and North American societal, philosophical, and historical change. After the end of World War II, sociology came to Southeast Asia through, both local and foreign, scholars educated in the western hemisphere and through states' endorsement for positivistic development studies. Such background calls for questions concerning the nature of sociology's universalistic nature and its course within the indigenous categories. Moreover, some dominant sociological analyses are limited their concerns to concept formation and theory construction which are solely useful for a limited sociological and academic community. It is sociology for sociologists. On the other hand, these sociological activities ignore the local community as their subject and they can actually provide policy recommendations to improve their social well being. It is sociology for society as discussed in Lee’s “Sociology for Whom” (1976) and Burawoy’s “For Public Sociology” (2005).1 In other words, sociology is reduced to benefit sociologists while ignoring society-community as their subjects of study.

There are two fundamental issues in Southeast Asian sociology: first, to construct local theories to advance sociology; and second, to provide local policies to improve society. The first issue is a challenge to local sociologists to increase their contribution to local theory building that can enrich a more general sociological theories as shown in King’s “underdevelopment of Southeast Asian Sociology” (2008).2 Presently, local sociologists in Southeast Asia are demanded to fulfill this challenge. On the second issue, the local sociologist are actually involved in social policy development and public advocacy or sociology for society. However, their policy analyses and recommendations on corruption, poverty, and social exclusion are not well disseminated in sociological forum and journals. It is a need to disseminate their works in order to give feedback to a wider academic sociology and to contribute to a more general sociological theory.

These two issues are immanently relevant notably when the 2016 ISA Forum has inscribed “The Futures We Want: Global Sociology and Struggles for a Better World” as its heading. Global sociology could only reign from the rich contributions of various sociological studies around the globe, including Southeast Asian sociology-may that be in discourses, grounded theories or empirical researches. On the other hand, Southeast Asian sociologists seem to face a challenge as they are highly engaged in activism and academic practices but hardly making impact in theoretical discourse.

1 See Alfred McClung Lee. “Presidential Address: Sociology for Whom.” American Sociological Review 1976, Vol. 41 (December): 925-936 and Michael Burawoy. “2004 Presidential Address. For Public Sociology.” American Sociological Review, 2005, Vol. 70 (Fberuary: 4-28). 2 Victor T King. The Sociology of Southeast Asia: Transformations in a Developing Region. Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2008.


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Objectives We encourage ASEAN sociologists to discuss the questions within three general themes in this symposium: 1) public sociology, 2) policy sociology, and 3)sociology in the professional field. The symposium will invigorate such subjects through inquiries such as, but not limited to:

1. How Southeast Asian sociologist could play roles in Southeast Asian societies? (How Southeast Asian sociologists could contribute to sociological theory building?)

2. How to view or approach "Southeast Asian sociology"? How to set the influence of indigenous categories in sociological discourses?

3. How sociology and sociologists could influence and direct Social Policies in Southeast Asian societies?

4. How interconnection and collective work of sociologist could develop the discourse? 5. How can sociologist share and learn best practices in theory building and policy

making in Southeast Asian Societies?


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Schedules_____________________________________________

Date Time Activity

March 2nd

08.00 - 09.00 Registration at AJS Hall

Faculty of Social and Political Sciences

09.00 - 09.15

Welcoming Speech Arie Setiabudhi Soesilo

Dean, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Indonesia

09.15 - 10.30 Keynote Speech:

Syed Farid Alatas (National University of Singapore) Paulus Wirutomo (Universitas Indonesia)

10.30 – 10.45 Coffee Break

Theme 1

Theory Building Theme 2

Policy Sociology Theme 3

Public Sociology

10.45 – 12.00 Panel 1.1 Panel 2.1 Panel 3.1

12.00 – 13.30 Lunch

13.30 – 14.45 Panel 1.2 Panel 2.2 Panel 3.2

14.45 – 15.00 Coffee Break

15.00 - 16.15 Panel 1.3 Panel 2.3 Panel 3.3

16.15 – 17.15 Panel 1.4 Panel 2.3 -

17.30 – 18.30

Closing Plenary: Shujiro Yazawa (Hitotsubashi University and Seijo University)

Hyun Chin Lim (Seoul National University) Kamanto Sunarto (universitas Indonesia)

19.00 – 21.00 Gala Dinner at AJS Hall Faculty of Social and Political Sciences

March 3rd 8.30 – 9.00 Coffee Break

9.00 – 12.30 Round Table Discussion

(closed invitation) AJS Hall


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List of Panels______________________________________________________________________

Panels on Theory Building

Panel 1. 1 Urban Food Consumption, Multiculturalism and Social

Knowledge Room: AJS Hall

Chair: Francisia SSE Seda

Panel 1.2 Construction of Identity and Social Movement

Room: AJS Hall

Chair: Francisia SSE Seda

Panel 1.3 Structure, Agency and History

Room: AJS Hall Chair: Rochman Achwan

Panel 1.4 Internationalization of Sociology

in Japan

Room: AJS Hall Chair: Rochman Achwan

Nanay Gulay: Food Scavenging and Motherhood in the Face of Urban Poverty. Bitalac, Joshua Philip D. Religious Orientation and Values in Family Food Consumption Patterns: A Study on Consumerism in the city of Denpasar, Bali. Setyawati, Lugina, Francisia SSE Seda, Timoti Tirta, Pebriansyah. Multicultiralism Is Not Just At Societal Level But Also At Individual Level. Wongkaren, Turro S. The Phenomenology Of Southeast Asia: Integration of Local Knowledge With Modern Science. Halim, Harifuddin, Syamsu Kamaruddin, Rasyidah Zainuddin, Abdul Malik Iskandar

Producing Identity through Violence: Embracing Materiality in Sociological Theorizing of Violent Action. Riyanto, Geger Hybrid Identity Reconstruction Of Totok Chinese Church In Indonesia. Angelica, Heidy Contemporary Indonesian Society. Ratih, Lucia Jihad as 'passionate politics': theorizing islamist movements in Indonesia. Azca, Najib

Women’s Agency and Economic Life Changes of Fishermen: Community in the Thousand Islands. Rosyidah, Ida Kekeluargaan As a Foundation of Indonesian Business Norm. Hermawan, Marko Vanished History: Recovering Pre-Colonial Transnational History in the Philippines. Rosario, Teresita Cruz-del

Similarities and Differences among Asian-Pacific Sociologists in the Attitued toward international Standards of Sociological Work: From a Questionnaire for the Participants in 2014 ISA World Congress of Sociology. Kanai, Masayuki (TBA) Nomiya, Daishiro


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Panels on Policy Sociology

Panel 2. 1 Policy and Rural Development

Room: Auditorium Komunikasi

Chair: Iwan Gardono Sudjatmiko

Panel 2.2 Public Policy and the Family


Chair: Dody Prayogo

Panel 2.3 Policy Building and Management


Chair: Iwan Gardono Sudjatmiko

Panel 2.4 Policy and State Power


Chair: Dody Prayogo

Finding the Significance of Social Policy in Rural Development. Puspitasari, Dewi Cahyani BASECO (P)Rice Crisis: Political Ecology Of Rice Price Conditions And Its Implications To Food Security Of Older Adults In An Informal Settlement Of Manila. Cahoy, Neem The Impact of Special Economic Zone Policy to the Use of Public Land and Livelihood of Villagers in “Klong Yai” District, Thailand. Chotiwan, Phurinat

The Changing Nature of Child Marriage: Sociological Reflection in West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara and Sukabumi, West Java. Ruwaida, Ida. Family Consumption Behavior and Under-five Stunting Children in DKI Jakarta. Harsanti, Titik The Impact of Household Roles on the Practice of Food Security Strategy Among Older Adults in Baseco Compound, Manila. Gregorio, Aron Joshua P.

The Social Development of Archival Field: Enhancing the Role of Sociological Perspective in the Development of Archival Field in Indonesia. Bawono, Harry Constitutional Amendment and Class Representation: The Case of Post-Suharto Indonesia. Sujatmiko, Iwan Gardono, Ganda Upaya, Adrianus Jebatu, Khairullah Contradiction between State Policy and Traditional/Belief System (in ‘Phi Gluea’) as Natural Resource Managing Mechanism of Community. Khunthong, Kitima

Power Competition And Internal Secularization: A Sociological Study On The Internal Conflicts Of The Hkbp Church (1992-1998). Hutapea, May Sandy P. Safeguarding Our Common Home: A Sociological Study on Antimining Ecopastoral Movements in Flores, Indonesia. Marianta, Yohanes I Wayan Kapatiran Sa Baseco: A Sociological Exploration Of An Older Adult Organization In Baseco Compound. Sanchez, John Jasper


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Panels on Public Sociology

Panel 3. 1 Theoretical

Room: MBRC Discussion Room

Chair: Rosa Diniari

Panel 3.2 Sociology of Work


Chair: Rosa Diniari

Panel 3.3 Urban Sociology


Chair: Paulus Wirutomo

Rethinking Jurgen Habermas Public Sociology: A Communication-Action Theory Setiawan, Agus Hendro Migration As Self Resistance: An Analyze On Indonesian Domestic Migrant Worker At Hong Kong Kiranantika, Anggaunita Public Sociology within the State of Anarchy in Indonesia Elcid, Dominggus Borderless Nation in Borderless Society Adnan, Ricardi S

Bulungan, Linisan at Bentahan: Exploring Women's Participation in the Fishing System of an Urban Coastal Area. Bague, Anna Beatrice Family Social Capital Development for The Protection of Children. Fatimaningsih, Endry New Institutionalism in Economic Sociology of Bogor Craft Creative Industry. Fazriah Post Disaster Recovery: Research on Community Social Capital Post-Earthquake in Bantul. Suharman

Violence Sub Culture among the Marginal Youth. Yasmine, Daisy Indira Multicultural Behavior among Primary School Students in Jakarta. Suleeman, Evelyn Kampungnesia and Citizen Urbanism. Zunariyah, Siti and Akhmad Ramdhon


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Abstracts – Presentation Papers ______________________________ Borderless Nation in Borderless Society Adnan, Ricardi S [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. The new era in modern society that endorsed globalization started from the fall of Berlin (1989) wall and dissolution of Soviet Union (1991). These two cases of communism collapsed was dispersed to other countries have given more appreciation for capitalism states’ model. Euphoria of liberation followed by the highly impact issues of democratization, human rights, and gender all over the world. However, capitalism model was changing amazingly at the end of 20th century. Industrialization, investment and information technology and individual consumption have been passing the countries’ border. Those terminologies meant that capital, technology and also people are easy to move from one location to others and for many cases weaken the citizenship regarding the state. The new term is rising: global citizenship. For a certain people, nationality is less important than capital they have or the higher appreciation for their status as well. At the same time, globalization is countered by the issue of localization particularly in ethnocentrism, puritanism, and chauvimism. Latent conflicts have become open clashed from many groups in one nation. Reactionaries and terrorism appear in any places. More over battle and war have pushed many societies to be refugees in other countries. The global phenomenon today is the loose of nations to keep their people to adhere their countries as past before. It is not difficult for persons to preserve their believes and interest rather than to keep a great nation. Hybrid Identity Reconstruction Of Totok Chinese Church In Indonesia Angelica, Heidy [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

Previous studies about Chinese in Indonesia mostly focus on “Chinese Problem” which sees “chineseness” as a problem of integrity towards nation-state of Indonesia. Those studies are not critically sees chineseness became problematic in Indonesia because colonial discourse that put Chinese as the others of Indonesia.

Globalization and reformation era in Indonesia gives new direction and construction of contemporary Chinese identity. Chineseness is no more seen as “otherness” that has to be assimilated to majority, but it is seen as cultural diversity that deserves an appreciation. Globalization also builds global identity that transcends the ‘nation-state’ boundaries. Both government and civil society take role as agent of reconstruction Chinese identity. One important civil society that tends to be neglected in social studies is Chinese church. Rapid growth of Chinese ‘mega-church’ especially totok Chinese church, that actively contribute in ‘Chinese identity revival’, definitely need an attention. This phenomenon is also relevant to be discussed in a bigger context of Southeast Asia because of the strong Chinese church network in Southeast Asia.

This qualitative research use Homi Babha’s conceptual framework to explore the tension of hybrid identity within Chinese church–Chinese identity, Christianity, and Indonesian identity. This study shows influences of Chinese church towards contemporary Chinese identity in Indonesia and the reposition of otherness. This case study also shows a complex and unique context of ‘colonizer’

mailto:[email protected]



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and ‘colonized’ that couldn’t completely explained by the theory. Therefore, there is a demand for theoretical/conceptual building about identities in the context of Southeast Asia. Keywords: Ethnicity, hybrid identity, identity, identity representation, Chinese Indonesians, Chinese church Jihad as 'passionate politics': theorizing islamist movements in Indonesia Azca, Najib [email protected] Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Indonesia has witnessed the rise of collective violence during its early stages of democratic transition period. Among them was the religious communal violence that took place in eastern Indonesia, namely in Maluku and Poso, Central Sulawesi. One of the remarkable features of the conflict was the involvement of several thousands of non-local Muslim activists in the so-called ‘holy war’ (jihad). Many studies on non-local Muslim activists who participated in the conflict have dedicated their main attentions to mobilization process. This paper, in contrast, focuses on demobilization processes by studying their life trajectories in the post-jihad period. In this paper I will discuss the life story narratives of former non-local Muslim fighters (post-jihadists) who involved in local socio-political dynamics in the aftermath of their jihad participation. Instead of approaching the narratives through the hegemonic theoretical perspective of resource mobilization and political process, I chose to take a different pathway: in attempt to theorizing radical Islamist movements in Indonesia I view jihad as “passionate politics”, a new stream of social movement theory that focus on the link between identities, narratives and emotions. Combining social movement theory and life history approach, I examine the dynamics of identity, emotions and social networks of the former jihad activists in the post-jihad period as reflected in their life story narratives. Bulungan, Linisan at Bentahan: Exploring Women's Participation in the Fishing System of an Urban Coastal Area Bague, Anna Beatrice [email protected] University of Santo Tomas, Philippine. This paper analyzes the women’s participation in the fishing system in Bulungan Market located in Brgy. La Huerta, Paranaque. It explores the way women participate in the bidding of fish catch, shell fish cleaning to selling. Naila Kabeer (1999)’s “three dimensional model on women’s economic empowerment” serves as a theoretical lens explaining women’s participation in the fishing cycle. The research employs directed ethnography that uses the following key techniques (a) field observation; (b) field notes; (c) transect walk; (d) resource mapping; (e) flow chart to understand the Bulungan’s marketing system and (f) in-depth interviews from a target of ten (10) purposively selected women who have different roles and experiences in the fisherman’s wharf. Results show that women participate in the bidding of the fresh fish catch in Bulungan early morning, then occupied with the cleaning of the shellfishes in the mid-day. Moreover, they also sell various kinds of fishes after bidding and cleaning. In conclusion, the women’s active participation and economic contribution to the market’s fishing system mirror their empowerment in the community.




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The Social Development of Archival Field: Enhancing the Role of Sociological Perspective in the Development of Archival Field in Indonesia Bawono, Harry [email protected] Center for Research and Archival System Development, National Archive of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia.

The influence of sociology in archival science is enormous. It is could be tracked from the popular concept that adopt in the archival field, collective memory. However, the collective memory merely understood as an accumulation of valuable historical archive that stored. One of the causes of this problem is the domination of the technical administrative discourse. Consequently, the archival field in Indonesia cannot be optimally maneuvered and develop, due archival narrowed solely as a sort of technical work and correspondence, revamping the documents and so on. That is one of the reasons that the archival field in Indonesia becomes stagnant, monotonous, and marginalized. Though many studies has revealed that the archival field is not only a "technical administrative" matter but also a social, political and cultural action of selecting for something to be remembered or forgotten. By this reason, the needs of a comprehensive approach to develop the archival field in Indonesia are crucial. As mentioned before, the sociological perspective has been used in the archival field, but it is poorly elaborated. So, it is needed to enhance the sociological perspective in the development of archival field in Indonesia through implementing the social development into archival field.

The research in this paper conducted using qualitative methods through literature review and observation. This paper argues that the sustainability of the archival field in Indonesia strongly related to how far the social development run in the Indonesia archival field and it is only possible when the sociological perspective enhanced. Keywords: Archival field, Technical administrative, Social development, Sociological perspective Nanay Gulay: Food Scavenging and Motherhood in the Face of Urban Poverty Bitalac, Joshua Philip D. [email protected] University of Santo Tomas, Philippine.

Population aging worldwide and global threats to food security particularly places the older adults from developing countries such as the Philippines to a vulnerable position. Because old-age support ratios are declining, the older adults are instigated to maintain a livelihood. In the case of an urban poor area like BASECO compound where prevailing problems concerning income and employment limit accessibility to commoditized food, older adult mothers cope by turning to food scavenging as a form of livelihood. This study explores the intersection of food scavenging and motherhood through a grounded theory approach to describe how the mothers make sense of their lives as food scavenging individuals in an urban poor area. This study utilized the use of field note taking, key informant interviews and participant observation.

Data shows that food scavenging and motherhood forms a multi-dimensional means of coping against poverty. Food scavenging serves as a means to fulfilling motherhood, which is the main source of happiness for the poor mothers in BASECO. The foods they scavenge may be eaten and/or sold, thus holding a unique advantage as a dual source of both non-commoditized food and monetary income, but at the expense of the stigma and risks food scavenging entails. In addition,




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the mothers are commonly subjugated by social and structural disadvantages for being poor female migrants to an urban poor area. Seeing how the risks of food scavenging are further exacerbated by old age, it is left to function as a temporary form of economic support while they find other opportunities with lesser risks. The mothers also hope to be supported by their children someday in return for their efforts of motherhood. In response to their destitution, the mothers persevere through their resolute faith, strong adherence to moral values, and attachment to familial bonds. Using grounded theory to scrutinize the social reality of older adult mothers as scavengers in an urban poor area, is an essential contribution to providing insights for the proper efforts needed in addressing their issues and to prevent an impending cycle of poverty. Keywords: Food Scavenging, Motherhood, BASECO Compound, Grounded Theory BASECO (P)RICE CRISIS: Political Ecology Of Rice Price Conditions And Its Implications To Food Security Of Older Adults In An Informal Settlement Of Manila Cahoy, Neem [email protected] University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippine. The sudden increase of rice prices has reportedly pushed more people into poverty and food insecurity in the Philippines (Mapa, Castillo and Francisco 2015; National Economic Development Authority 2014; Reyes et al. 2010). The challenge for urban poor households to attain rice in a period of price volatility has lead to exclusion of members who hold less endowments and entitlements in the household, such as the older adults, from accessing food. This study describes the political ecology of rice prices in an informal settlement and its implications to food security among older adults in the community. This would look into food security through one specific food: rice. Baseco Compound, an informal settlement, is the locality of the study. It specifically aims to (1) know how policies on rice affect the volatility of rice prices (2) determine how the environment in Baseco conditions high rice prices for locals (3) investigate how rice prices affect purchasing power among older adults. The study used content analysis and informant interviews to gather data. There were three types of informants: the people manning food sources in Baseco (70), the old adults (5), and the policy practitioners (10). Through the Political Ecologic perspective, this study argues that the policies and the environment in the informal settlement of Baseco entail rice prices to structure inequality of access to food among older adults in the community. The Impact of Special Economic Zone Policy to the Use of Public Land and Livelihood of Villagers in “Klong Yai” District, Thailand. Chotiwan, Phurinat [email protected] Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University, Thailand Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are areas which are used to attract foreign and domestic investment into a specific part of a country with a view to concentrating economic activities in that area. In Thailand, the first statute draft of Special Economic Zones was written in the era of former prime minister Taksin shinawatra. In 11 January 2005, the SEZs statue draft was already approved by the cabinet and was pushed to gain the approval from the house of parliament but urgently the process was ceased because of the protest against those SEZs statue draft by civil society. Long time political conflicts in Thailand led to the worse situation and finally the coup was done by military junta or named “National Council for Peace and Order” (NCPO) in 22 May 2014. Under the authoritarianism




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regime SEZ policy was brought back to implement again. Around 1 month after the coup, NCPO issued the notification on appointment of working group members on SEZ policy and then issued the official announcement entitled Land acquisition for SEZs development by using the autocratic power through section 44 to retracted the status of land from national preserved forest, permanent forest and public land to be subject to the Treasury Department and then the state plan to issue the title deed on those lands and lease for private sectors under the SEZ projects at least 99 years. In “Klong Yai” district, around 800 hectares public lands were changed to belong to Treasury Department. Even though the status of those lands were public but the villagers have been using them for livelihood. This paper aims to explore the impact of SEZ Policy to the use of Public land and livelihood of villagers in “Klong Yai” district and explore the voices from villagers to suggest the good governance on land policy. Family Social Capital Development: For The Protection Of Children Endry Fatimaningsih1), Paulus Wirutomo2), Rosa Diniari3) 123)Departement of Sociology, University of Indonesia, Indonesia, Indonesia. [email protected] The family got a major task in child protection. In order to child protection, family social capital is needed. To grow into a quality resource, the child not only needs economic capital and the human capital of the parents, but children also need social capital of the family. This literature study intends to conduct analyzes of family social capital development mechanisms for child protection. The results show, first, through an intimate relationship, intensive, and reciprocity between family members, family social capital is produced and distributed. Second, through intimate relationship, intensive, and reciprocal, three-dimensional family social capital, namely: norms, beliefs, and social networks in families can be improved, so that in the family woke up a system of morality, trustworthiness system, and inclusive relationship system. Third, a strong family social capital is characterized bythe ‘good’ practice and habit in the family can be social good stock for children. Its can be: information, connections, support, help, solidarity, orderly atmosphere, full of trust, and morality. Various social good stock that can be useful for the development of cognitive, emotional, and behavior, which reinforces the child's identity, it can even be a identity capital for the child. Keywords: family, family social capital, protection of children. New Institutionalism in Economic Sociology of Bogor Craft Creative Industry Fazriah [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

This research presents the institutional relation as an effort to strengthen the competitiveness of craft creative industry in Bogor City using Victor Nee’s concept: New Institutionalism in Economic Sociology (NIES). By using the concept of NIES (2003, 2005), craft industry is viewed through three levels of institutional (macro, meso and micro). In macro level is represented by the government as an institutional environment, in meso level is represented by the organization as a governance structure, and in micro level is represented by creatives community/individual as an informal structure which interacted by connected formal and informal elements and form an institutional framework to influence the actions of the actors and the direction of development of craft industry.

This research finds out how the formal and informal elements such as norms, values, rules, and customs are translated into an action by actors in three institutional level through the



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mechanism of the respective system thus strengthening the competitiveness of the craft industry. Problematic situation in craft industry is viewed using intellectual instrument called human activity systems (HAS) and transformed into root definitions which is a structured description of a HAS that relevant with the problematical situation and then create conceptual models for research interest and/or as a problem solving interest.

There are three conceptual models for macro level, meso level and micro level as problem solving interest of Bogor craft creative industry. Intellectual instrument such as conceptual models used for comparison stage and formulate recommendation for research result that is at the five and six stage in using soft systems methodology (SSM). Refer to norms of soft systems methodology, comparison and debating process to research interest involve SSM practitioner, academic advisor and academic reviewers. While for problem solving interest involve stakeholders at three level institutions of Bogor craft creative industry and SSM practitioner. The Impact of Household Roles on the Practice of Food Security Strategy Among Older Adults in Baseco Compound, Manila Gregorio, Aron Joshua P. [email protected] University of Santo Tomas, Philippine. This paper examines the roles of older adults in the households of Baseco Compound, Manila. It looks into the excessive obligation or role strain experienced by older adults in order to cope with food insecurity. More specifically it aims to understand the following: a) the shifting of household roles and pattern; b) the identification of the negotiated roles given and assumed by the elderly; and finally c) the impact of gender in the negotiation of role of the older adults in their household. This paper used a semi-structured questionnaire which was utilized through an in-depth interview. 100 older adults with age 55 and above participated through the course of the study. The study shows that older adults in Baseco, despite their age have excessive roles in order to help the household. The roles “economic provider” and “caregiver” are tasks often assumed and/or given to the older adults in order to address the emotional, physical and financial needs of the household. However, the study found out that there are cases wherein the older adults does not have any role primarily because of sickness and old age. The Phenomenology Of Southeast Asia: Integration of Local Knowledge With Modern Science Halim, Harifuddin, Syamsu Kamaruddin, Rasyidah Zainuddin, Abdul Malik Iskandar [email protected] Universitas Bosowa Makassar; UPRI Makassar, Indonesia.

One of the unique socio-cultural in Southeast Asia today is the existence of supra-rational dimension in their science. This is caused by the cosmo-phenomenological view embraced by the people of Southeast Asia that puts God as the ultimate reality above man and Nature. The cosmo-phenomenological views of Southeast Asia implies a form of knowledge of the spirits that inhabit natural objects (animism) and their supernatural powers in certain objects (dynamism). The supra rational knowledge is shown in a variety of rituals in Southeast Asian societies. Through this knowledge, the people of Southeast Asia puts the natural environment as an important part of their life that must be guarded and respected, mutual harmony and balance.

Penetration of modern science rationally and empirically in the Southeast Asia region, was the star of new science. Meanwhile, local knowledge weighty 'supra-rational' restricted movement.




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In agrarian societies, for example, knowledge of modern agriculture does not necessarily make farmers abandon their local knowledge. Similarly, the fishing community has a modern knowledge about fishing, is not leave their local knowledge about fishing.

The dominance of negative implications posed by modern science such as environmental degradation, dehumanization, demoralization make 'local knowledge' that contain 'supra-rational' be an option for reconsideration accompanied role of modern science. In this context, local knowledge can appear in the form of modern science. For example, local knowledge about the ban on cutting trees to avoid the 'plague' of forest guards (supra-rational) can be integrated with modern science about environmental disasters on people when clearing forests (rational-empirical). The same thing happens in modern fishing that destroy coral reefs. To minimize the damage, then it can use the local beliefs about anger of sea ‘Genie’ will take revenge on their families. This supra rational dimension can appear more dominant than the rational-empirical aspects, although the purpose is in the same direction.

In that context, this paper is intended to find patterns of integration of Southeast Asia local knowledge based on suprarational with modern science. Keywords: local knowledge, supra rational dimension, modern science, rational-empiric, cosmo-phenomenology. Kekeluargaan As A Foundation Of Indonesian Business Norm Hermawan, Marko [email protected] Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia. The paper seeks to initiate one terminology that represent the holistic Javanese norm that has not been fully developed by other references; kekeluargaan. The term is commonly used and understood by Indonesian society, but is underdetermined by Western literature. The subsequent question thus arises as to how important kekeluargaan is to an Indonesian. It is a constructed relationship based on filial piety and harmony, wrapped in such a way that each Indonesian is connected to the others. Nonetheless, the term kekeluargaan extend such term, especially when touching into business society. Thus, this study attempts to scrutinise the definition of kekeluargaan norm and whether it has a unique sense for the Indonesian. This research also employs indigenous perspective as a methodology in order to explore different point of view as opposed to Western ones. Power Competition And Internal Secularization: A Sociological Study On The Internal Conflicts Of The Hkbp Church (1992-1998) Hutapea, May Sandy P. [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. This study aims to shed light on the underlying factors and the process of the internal conflicts of the Huria Kristen Batak Protestan (HKBP) church in the period of 1992-1998. The study employs the concept of internal secularization, adopted and modified from Karel Dobbelaere and M. Chaves, as its conceptual framework. The study also uses Roy Bhaskar’s critical realism as its analytical tool to look at the dynamic relationship between religious authority structure and agency structure that shaped the conflicts.




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The research discovers that the internal conflict was triggered by some factors. First, the concept of religious authority (sahala ni huria) that resonates closely with the Batak magical concept. Second, the church’s legislations tend to support free competition, make the church more secular, and create friction among groups. Third, conflicts of power sparked by a multiple of factors, namely autocratic leadership style, false reconciliation of previous conflicts, external intervention and personal ambitions on resources. The study finds out that internal secularization causes conflict, and conflicts in turn lead to a more internal secularization. The research suggests the need for corrections on the interpretation of religious authority to avoid its resonance with the Batak magical concept. The HKBP community also needs to address the lack of compliance with the rules and regulations of its bureaucratic organization. Finally, the research sees a demand for reform pertaining to recruitment, regeneration of leader, succession mechanism, and sanction for violations. Keywords: Religious Authority Structure, Agency Structure, Internal secularization, conflict Family Consumption Behavior and Under-five Stunting Children in DKI Jakarta Harsanti, Titik [email protected] Universtas Indonesia, Indonesia.

Stunting is a chronic condition reflecting poor nutrition and health under-five children, more common in developing countries. Until now, Indonesia still faces with stunting and malnutrition problem. Despite numerous Government efforts to tackle the problem of child under-nutrition in Indonesia, the levels of child under-nutrition remain high with stunting estimated 37,2% Based on data from Basic Health Research 2013. Indonesian Health Ministry's target to reduce such cases to 32% in 2015 was a difficult thing to achieve and stunting becomes one of the next issues of the SDGs targets.

Most studies indicate that the cause of stunting was low socioeconomic status and focus on poverty as determinant factor of stunting because of very limited access to food and environmental conditions inadequate as a source of spreading of various diseases. In Jakarta as urban city, the phenomenon of stunting is not only the problems that occur on poor families but stunting also occurs in infants who are in not poor families.

Many study shows that mother play important role to their children in the family. Infants who were treated by the non-biological mother significantly increase the chances of becoming stunting. Maternal mortality has a strong influence on the mortality rate of children under the age of 2 years. Infants and children, whose mother died has mortality risk of 11 to 13 times compared with that his mother was still alive. So, the mother of the children is the main person taking care of them. Structure, culture and process of mother in the family will impact on under-5 stunting children through consumption behavior of the mother in the family.

In the current era of globalization, products less nutritious food so much offered to the public through various media such as the internet and the availability of supermarkets. This market provides a wide selection of instant food that is attractive and easy to obtain. Besides delicatessen provided in urban areas can be mother consumption for their toddler, but not necessarily meet the nutritional qualities required. This should be a concern of government in tackling the phenomenon of stunting in urban areas.

Keywords: stunting, under-five children, mother, family consumption behavior, non-poor family



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Contradiction between State Policy and Traditional/Belief System (in ‘Phi Gluea’) as Natural Resource Managing Mechanism of Community. Khunthong, Kitima [email protected] Sakonnakhon Rajabhat University, Thailand. This paper aims to study the natural resource managing mechanism of salt producers in upper Northeastern region in Thailand. To understand the status and its retention of “Phi Gluea” as local wisdom under the context of changing of mode of production into the intensive commercialization. The study found that “Phi Gluea” belief system is a product from cultural thought structure in order to controlling and limiting the use of Natural Resources and its preserve mechanism to equally access for all in community. However in the past 30 years, the salt became the necessary “commodity” and “raw material” for chemical industry. State claims the legitimacy of controlling and managing the resource through issuing the mineral statue and other related laws. Those state policy in centralizing the management of natural resources causes to the negative impact to ecosystem and relationship between natural resource users. Under the situation, local people adapted their former cultural construct on natural resource management by created the new concept of animism such as ‘Phi Raeng-ngan’ (labor ghost spirits), ‘Phi PhayaNak’ (the Naga), ‘Mae Kong Kha’ (the Goddess Ganga) and ‘Phi Chao Thi’ (guardian spirits of the land). On the other hand, they also use the idea of “Right to access” to common property for their negotiation with both the state and with people who sharing common property. Keywords: Guardian spirits belief, Salt, Natural resource managing mechanism, Local wisdom, State policy, Commoditization, Right regime Migration As Self Resistance: An Analyze On Indonesian Domestic Migrant Worker in Hongkong Kiranantika, Anggaunita [email protected] Sociology Department, State University of Malang Researcher at Gender Research and Community Service Centre, State University of Malang, Indonesia.

Woman position which is described as Indonesian domestic migrant worker have got subordination and deconstructed, either through culture or social at society. The differences of gender and sexes intended by patriarchies of the hegemony existence. Woman self resistance happened due to difference and inequality of gender in society. That phenomenon causes woman doing counter hegemony as struggling form to reconstruct woman position for justice of gender and concreted by having migration from Indonesia to Hong Kong. Research was purposed toanalyze and describesIndonesian domestic migrant worker negotiation and resistance at Hong Kong using Gramsci hegemony theory.

Using qualitative perspective, research was done by followed in-depth interview for 25 Indonesian women at Hong Kong which has been worked as domestic worker for least 4 years. Research process was based primarily on non-random sampling using snowball system.

Conclusion of this research are subordinate position of woman has an opportunity when Indonesian woman able to utilized their self potencies and insight for pursuing career. Indonesian woman could reconstructedtheir position when she has strong bargaining position toward patriarchy domination, fought the culture by doing migration as domestic worker at Hong Kong. Indonesian woman invulnerability appear from patriarchies hegemony which verified counter hegemony by




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constructed domestic worker at Hong Kong as potential occupation for another Indonesian with their social network.

Keywords: Migration, Self Resistence, Indonesian Women, Domestic Worker, Hong Kong Public Sociology within the State of Anarchy in Indonesia Li, Dominggus Elcid [email protected] Institute Resource Governance & Social Change (IRGSC), Indonesia.

Facing unexplained death of poor women as part of the victim of human trafficking is part of weekly routine in one of Indonesian’s peripheral city in the Eastern part of Indonesia. Human trafficking or modern slavery is part of our reality, one of the poorest province in Indonesia. Doing public sociology in this place means doing multiple experiments, started from public intellectual, demonstrator, organizer, right campaigner, to political activist who work on participatory democracy who challenge the oligarchic political parties. Finding the notion of public, and also to ensure that public does exist, or whether or not possible the public to reawake become a constant reflexive dialogue.

The real challenge for doing public sociology in the state of anarchy is the state’s institutions, such as police, attorney, and court are heavily influenced by market penetration. Thus, the real challenge to practice public sociology is not only dealing with communicating the message to public, but it is also about how to ensure that we are able to find the right person to work together within different state institutions and also private institutions such as media. Keywords: public sociology, anarchy, state, human trafficking, slavery. Rebuilding Sociology In Korea: Challenges And Reponses Lim, Hyun-Chin Seoul National University, Republic of Korea. The present paper attempts to examine the major challenges and responses Korean sociology has faced in an era of globalization. The Korean sociology has long suffered from a lack of its own identity. This lack of identity has been inevitably resulted from the development process influenced by the Western sociological tradition. Korean sociology does not show any unique color, as a mixture of American, Japanese, German, English, and French sociological orientation. Globalization as a megatrend will bring in a contradictory pressure of both ''internatinalization" and "nationalization" on Korean sociology in the future. It is critical for Korean sociology to develop its own methodology and theories. I suggest some strategies for reorienting Korean sociology to enhance its self-identity. My recommendations are strengthening professionalism, utilizing value-premise, cooperating with history, and deepening comparative research. Safeguarding Our Common Home: A Sociological Study on Antimining Ecopastoral Movements in Flores, Indonesia Marianta, Yohanes I Wayan [email protected] Department of Sociology, University of Indonesia, Indonesia.




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Religion-based enviromental movement is an understudied area of research. This research sought to fill the gap by showing that religion could inspire environmental movement. It examined the Catholic Church’s engagement in antimining movements in Flores, precisely in the Diocese of Ruteng, Ende and Larantuka. Due to its conflictual character, antimining advocacy proved to be risky and challenging. Yet, drawing on José Casanova’s deprivatization of religion theory, the research revealed that the advocacy also offered an opportunity for the Church to demonstrate its public relevance. The movements successfully put a halt to mining activities in Flores. The Church’s societal influence was recognized as a crucial factor behind this success. This factor, however, should not be overemphasized. The research highlighted that the movements succeeded because their leading actors demonstrated strategic capabilities to take advantage of political opportunities, frame the movement, and mobilize resources. Keywords: antimining, environmental movement, ecopastoral, Catholic, deprivatization of religion. Mining within the Process of Regional Development in Indonesia Prayogo, Dody, Yosef Hilarius, Muhammad Irvan [email protected] Department of Sociology, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. The process of decentralisation has created significant implications to the practice of mining at the level of regional government and society in particular. This paper discusses the significance of adminitrative decentralisation in two fold. First the paper analyses the relation between mining and regional autonomy, which includes decentralisation of mining matter such as mining permit, fees and their implications. Second, the paper discuses the impacts of the existence and activities of mining at the regional level, which include environmental impact, artisanal mining, economic impacts on local community and as well the significance of corporate social responsibility programs. This paper is a desk study that makes use secondary data, regulations and research reports. In conclusion it can be noted that decentralisation has supported "a more democratic" athmosphere in the practice of mining for local people but "without certainty of regulation and enforcement". Decentralisation has resulted a more "sense of economic localism" to the mind set of local elites in the practice of mining. Finding the Significance of Social Policy in Rural Development Puspitasari, Dewi Cahyani [email protected] Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Indonesia until recently has been facing many social issues regarding imbalance, poverty, unemployment, or health. Government in response to these issues has made some attempts to cope with the complexity of the social issues through the policy and program resulting in a number of certain impacts. One of the responses is the implementation of Rural Regulation of 2014 leading a change in the paradigm of rural development. Here, the assumption saying that the national development in fact can create the gap between the city and village is attempted to be minimized after the enactment of the Rural Regulation of 2014. Besides, there is a fact showing the high rate of the poverty in the village from the data of BPS (Indonesian Statistics Bureau 2013) that the index score of poverty for the rural areas reached 2,24; while, in urban areas, it only reached 1,25. The index review on the severity of the poverty for the rural area reached 0,56; while, in urban areas, it only reached 0,31. As a consequence, the rural development that is supposed to be able to improve



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the life of poor people in villages still, according to Eko (in Suharto, 2016) face 12 (twelve) core factors of poverty in rural area; two of which are related to the absence of social insurance for living and maintaining the viability of rural society and the low level of health insurance.

The explanation above shows that in the context of rural development, the social policy has an important essence for the prosperity of villagers. The economic growth predicted to improve the quality of social prosperity in rural area in the post of the implementation of the Rural Regulation of 2014 will be meaningful if supported with the social policy in which in the long-term period, it can create prosperity for elements of rural people. This is because the objective of the social policy not merely refers to poverty eradication but also includes the living standard approach, the improvement of the access towards the proper living and social protection. As a consequence, the social policy in village is expected can stimulate the optimization of the potency of rural resources (nature, physics, human and social), strengthen the role of village institution to be able to participate in the redistribution of the economic resources and social protection that can realize the social justice for the rural community. Thus, the social policy in village can be harmonious with the objective of national development of Indonesia. In the Making of the Subject. Towards A Sociological Theory of Social Movements for Contemporary Indonesian Society Ratih, Lucia [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Structural approach to social movements has been considered as an obsolete theory that is not anymore corresponding to comprehend social movements in contemporary society. Meanwhile, in a non-western society like Southeast Asian countries, new theory of social movements that has been defined by western sociologists as mainly cultural, which emphasize the elements of Subject, identity, cultural rights and network society, can not also fully explain the so called social movements. Even, with this approach, we could question the existence of social movements itself. Facing this dilemmas, non-western sociologists have to develop theories on their own that is suitable for explaining social movements in their society. This paper has an objective to build an alternative appropriate theory of social movements for a non-western society, especially for Southeast Asian societies such as Indonesia. Based on "sociological intervention" research on youth movements in Jakarta and Yogyakarta, I argue that the Subject as a main element of a new social movements is currently "in the making". Structural determination such as cultural, economics and political factors in such making process will at rest influence the success in one side and on the other side the failure of the birth of the Subject that will determine the future of social movements in this society. Producing Identity through Violence: Embracing Materiality in Sociological Theorizing of Violent Action Riyanto, Geger [email protected] Forum Kajian Antropologi Indonesia, Indonesia.

There is a generally accepted notion that violence is driven by how people identify, represent, construct their selfhood and that a particular actor's destructive action acted in accordance to his or her anomalous conception of self. This style of thinking, however, I argue, prone to lead us to think the intricate relations between identity and violence in essentialist way which blinds us not only from the social and discursive dimension of violent act but also its iconic dimension and materiality.




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Evidences from violent circumstances in Indonesia, which will be employed by this article, show that violence rather than merely the repercussion of a particular sense of selfhood is essential in the formation and accentuation of identity as well, and it stirs this social production and reproduction of identity by inducing hatred, anger, fear, angst, and other affectual experiences which forcefully compel people to align themselves under a certain social identification. Hence, along with suggesting that violence holds a certain crucial role in fostering identity, in line with Bartmanski and Alexander (2011) this article argues that it is important for us to pay attention to the dynamic between materiality and meaning in sociological theorizing. Vanished History: Recovering Pre-Colonial Transnational History in the Philippines Rosario, Teresita Cruz-del [email protected] National University of Singapore, Singapore. The paper lays down the theoretical premises of the "transnational turn" in historical studies. It critiques "nation-state" based approaches to history and provides a background to the transnational character of the Philippine nation-state, itself a curious product of the collision of various colonial forces (Spanish, British, American, and Japanese) starting in the mid-16th century that produced an artificial construct known as the “Philippine state.” The paper attempts to reframe Philippine historiography as a transnational historical subject, and reviews the attempts of a few historians (Cesar Adib Majul among the most notable) to view the Philippines within a pre-colonial framework that was indeed located within global relations and dynamics specifically with India, China, and the Arab world. The paper reviews historical materials that have survived during the pre-colonial era, presenting a varied “seascape of relationships” that span the length and breadth of the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, extending all the way from the Malabar Coast in India to the Straits of Malacca. It positions the Philippine archipelago in this massive thalassological complex and provides a multi-faceted portrayal of interconnections and networks of exchanges among people, goods, ideas and practices long before the arrival of the Europeans. Historical records and archaeological artefacts reveal diasporic settlements constituted by Indian, Chinese, and Arab sojourners. Re-cast from the traditional Eurocentric, Catholicized and nationalist versions, Philippine transhistory is rescued from parochial accounts that tend toward the “homogenization” of Philippine society, as though “there has ever existed a ‘homogenous’ society anywhere in the world” (Iriye 2016). This is the paper's unique contribution as it expands the field of Philippine historical studies beyond “methodological nationalism” (Wimmer and Glick-Schiller 2003). Finally, this paper elaborates on the dominant themes of trade, language and lineage as the pillars of Philippine transnational history Women’s Agency and Economic Life Changes of Fishermen: Community in the Thousand Islands Rosyidah, Ida [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

Sociological researches has been focused on the study of structure and ignored on cultural studies. Similarly, research on women in the economic sector of the fishing communities tend to do with the structural approach, either with feminist theoretical approach, such as Gender Analysis Pathway theory or structural functionalist theory. This study examines the relations between agent with structure and culture that occurs among women in fishing communities in the Thousand Islands.



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This study explained the relation between agents and structures through women’s reflection strategies, which is known by internal conversation. This means that agents have undertook the interpretation of local norms and values that control women's lives. This study uses Margaret Archer’s theory on dualisms and morphogenesis as a framework in analyzing the data. The study also used the qualitative method with triangulation data collection models. The unit of analysis of the study is women’s activists from three different women’s Micro, small, and medium-scale businesses (UMKM), that are Perkumpulan Samo-Samo in Pramuka Island, Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) Cumi-Cumi in Kelapa Dua Island, and KUB Kenanga in Tidung Island.

The result of this study indicates that there is a relationship between the structure and culture in creating women activist’s agency. The structure is represented by diverse State empowerment programs that aim to strengthen the primary agents so that they become corporate agents who drive change. At the same time, these agents develop the new cultural values related to economic independence. They build a culture of women’s economic independence so that women no longer depend on men in their economic needs. The process of formation of the new cultural values has been done through reflection on structural and cultural conditions that exist in the Thousand Islands before the tourism policy implementation until this day. The results of this study indicate there are some forms of reflexivity undertook by women activists, that are communicative reflexive, autonomous reflexives and meta-reflexives. The Changing Nature of Child Marriage: Sociological Reflection in West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara and Sukabumi, West Java Ruwaida, Ida. [email protected] / [email protected] Gender and Sexuality Studies Center, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Child marriage in Indonesia is the second highest at ASEAN, after Kamboja. Child marriage is closely associated with girls than boys. Based on Indonesia Statistical Office, there are 26% of girls who were already marriage at younger-age. Survey findings on 559 young women as respondens at West Lombok, NTB, has shown that 17% of them have marriage before 18 years old. Moreover, 17% of them were marriage before 16 years which’s breaking the Indonesia marriage law. It can be said that girls encounter social and economi pressures. Qualitatively, the practice of child marriage is more salient in Lombok Barat than Sukabumi. However, in both places, it have been founded a linkage between child marriage and teenage pregnancy. Generally, both realities has been revealed one by one. Based on findings, it can be stated that there is a change on the nature of child marriage practices at West Lombok and Sukabumi. By using Wirutomo’s conceptual framework on social transformation, the phenomena of child marriage and teenage pregnancy linkages will be appointed and disscused at micro as well as macro level, structurally as well culturally (including social processual). This framework is used to analyse the transformation of women’s/girls life, in term of structural, cultural, and social process at the community as well as national level, also global context. Therefore, to prevent girls/womens life, it should be needed for reconstructing the conception of social development that will be able to improve not only the quality of women life, but also to build a good society, the inclusive one. Keywords: child marriage, teenage pregnancy, social transformation, quality of women’s life, good society. Kapatiran Sa Baseco: A Sociological Exploration Of An Older Adult Organization In Baseco Compound




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Sanchez, John Jasper [email protected] Universtity of Santo Tomas, Philippine. This research has looked into the situation of an older adult community in an urban slum particularly the senior citizen group of Kapatiran in Baseco compound Tondo, Manila. The researcher conducted an in-depth interview with 100 randomly selected members of the group and a survey to further strengthen the qualitative data. In line with this, the researcher’s paper is divided into four parts discussing the following: (1) Kapatiran (2) Sociodemographic Profile of the Members (3) Aspirations in joining Kapatiran and (4) The Activities they engage in Kapatiran. The study found out that most of the elderly are actively participating in all their activities annually. However, the study shows that elders are more involved in activities that will help them economically (social pension, Christmas/Anniversary party and food assistance) or activities that will give them biyaya based on their local term. As for the elders’ aspiration in joining the group, the researcher found out that companionship and financial aspirations are the top answers of the elders. The study found out that most of the elders are utilizing their status as a senior citizen to receive benefits that could help with their day to day lives. Rethinking Jurgen Habermas Public Sociology: A Communication-Action Theory Setiawan, Agus Hendro [email protected] University of Jember, Indonesia. This paper seeks to provide an overview of Jurgen Habermas’s intellectual position in relation to the concept of Michael Burawoy's public sociology. The concept of Michael Burawoy's public sociology seeks to change sociology as a discipline that is required to contribute more to society. Contribution, in the meaning of Burawoy's understood in four ways: professional: research programs and traditions of sociological theory should produce the knowledge and understanding that strengthen its identity as an academic discipline and knowledge; critical sociology should be a science that has a moral purpose; policy: is understood as a way of sociology formulated in achieving community goals; public: sociology must constantly perform reciprocal communication to the public. The concept of public sociology has been shown by Habermas in communication-action theory. For Habermas, sociology must direct the development of politics, science and culture to the universal ideals that guided by a social-rational practice. Social-rational practice can be achieved through a communicative society: the people who always engage in reciprocal dialogues. Keywords: Habermas, public sociology, communication-action theory. Religious Orientation and Values in Family Food Consumption Patterns: A Study on Consumerism in the city of Denpasar, Bali. Setyawati, Lugina, Francisia SSE Seda, Timoti Tirta, Pebriansyah. Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Consumerism associated with orientation and preference for commodity goods and products to meet consumer desires. The economic dimension of consumerism outlines the materialism basis of the society, while the cultural underlines the lifestyle that reflects individual or collective identity and representation through products consumed. This paper aims to outline religious-based orientation of values, practices and institutions that affect food consumption patterns among urban




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families. Focus on Denpasar as a cosmoplitan city and place where the local and global values meet, this paper shows that the growth of the culinary industry and food products in the city does not necessarily implicate commodity consumption that is oriented to fulfill consumptive desires. The study employs a survey participated by 150 respondents representing lower, middle and upper social strata in Denpasar, Bali. The findings indicate that tradition and religious aspects affect modes of consumption of the consumer society. The Logic of consumption is not merely related to economic-based orientation and lifestyle, but associated with religious symbols and signs. This study shows that desires manifest not only in the ways people consume non-basic needs commodities, but also affect daily food consumption as the basic needs. This study also indicates that the practices of consumption not merely associated with lifestyle (distinction), but is also related to belief system rooted in their tradition and religious values. Constitutional Amendment and Class Representation: The Case of Post-Suharto Indonesia Sujatmiko, Iwan Gardono, Ganda Upaya, Adrianus Jebatu, Khairullah [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

The fall of Suharto’s regime in the 1998 reform resulted in free, fair, and peaceful general elections in 1999 and constitutional amendments in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002. Those two processes led to a new regime while the new constitution transformed the political and legal system such as protection of human rights, decentralization, free press, the limitation of presidential term and power, and demilitarization. However, the amended constitution is more of a political and legal constitution than sociological which concerns social representation of class. There is still a literature gap to explain the absence of constitutional inclusion of class in Indonesia.

The paper’s central question is ‘Why did the four constitutional amendments not include class representation?’ Several specific questions are: What is the role of state institution particularly the People’s Council Assembly (MPR) in the amendment? What are the roles of CSOs and political parties? What are the influence of paradigms and conceptions of class? What is the recommendation for the fifth amendment? The research evidences to answer these questions consist of the minute of meeting of the People’s Representative Assembly which is documented in 16 books and “constitutions” of four dominant political parties and two Islamic and mass organizations. Interviews with members of People’s Assembly (MPR), Constitutional Commission, social organizations, and Focus Group Discussion with scholars are also included among the evidences.

The paper states that the limited amended constitutions or the exclusion of class is explained in several levels: first, at the level of political elites as decision-makers in MPR prioritizes the 1998 reform demands. Second, at the social level we find the factors such as the weak and fragmentation of CSOs, as well as the non-inclusiveness of “constitutions” of political parties and mass organizations. Third, at the paradigm level there are competing conceptions of class. Fourth,the paper will discuss some policy recommendations for class inclusion in the fifth amendment.

The implication of this research is the necessity to connect social inclusion policy with constitution; on the other hand, social inclusion theories should extend their focus on the role of constitution which can enable or constrain social change. Post Disaster Recovery: Research on Community Social Capital in Post-Earthquake in Bantul Suharman [email protected]




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Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

The May 27, 2006 earthquake had devastated Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. However, in a relatively short period, Bantul people gradually has been living normal life, if not better than before. The success of Bantul is caused by the effectiveness of community-based reconstruction approach, mainly by strong social capital. The relation between social capital and the effectiveness of community-based reconstruction approach in Bantul is significant to be further studied.

This research was done in two sub-villages. The informants were heads of affected families from certain community group. Data were collected through in-depth interview, observation, and focus-group interview. The collected data were analyzed and summarized.

The success of Bantul’s community-based reconstruction is indicated by strong socal capital value in the form of mutual cooperation (gotong royong). This has tight relationship with socio-economic and cultural condition of Bantul people. In Bantul’s case, social capital took important role since emergency response to rehabilitation and reconstruction process of damaged houses. During emergency response, social capital was able to unite communities (bonding). Cooperation among local communities (bridging) and with communities outside affected region (linking) occurred during this phase and later processes.

The common problem was collapsed houses. When reconstruction fund was deployed, people formed pokmas as a media to rebuilt their houses. In this process, local leadership played a big role in uniting people and releasing tension among individuals. In community group system, mutual cooperation and sambatan were modified to adjust the current situation and condition. Problems emerged as consequences in applying mutual cooperation in community groups; such as work division, procurement of building materials and prioritization among members. Local leaders had significant role in solving problems to avoid conflict. Keywords : Social Capital, Community Based Reconstruction. Prominent Sociologists and Burawoy’s Four Sociologies Kamanto Sunarto [email protected] Universitas Indonesia

The founding of the sociology department at Universitas Indonesia in the 1962-1963 academic year was sponsored, co-founded and supported by a small group of sociologists committed to the three pillar of Indonesian higher education: education, research, and service to society. They were members of diverse ethnic groups. Born during the colonial era, they attended Dutch elementary or secondary schools prior to World War II. In the following post-colonial era all but one obtained their bachelor’s degrees from Indonesian universities. They then studied in the U.S., where five of them earned their master’s degrees and four of them earned their doctorates. Prior to studying in the U.S. one of them studied sociology at a university in the Netherlands, while, after completing her graduate education in the U.S., another colleague earned a doctorate from an Indonesian university. During their careers these sociologists had taught full-time or part-time at the sociology department. Some of them had at one time or another occupied various positions in the campus bureaucracy. Due to their endeavors in their capacity as professional sociologists, the sociology department developed into one of the leading sociology departments in the country. All of them were part of the civil service. Besides holding academic and administrative positions at the university, they also occupied prominent positions in national institutions.


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Michael Burawoy distinguishes four types of sociological labor: professional, critical, policy, and public sociology. Using Burawoy’s typology, this paper discusses the types of sociology these sociologists were engaged in during their distinguished careers during an era of authoritarian rule followed by a military dictatorship. Multicultural Behavior among Primary School Students in Jakarta Suleeman, Evelyn [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

Religion and ethnic are variables frequently used for measuring tolerant or intolerant attitude or even behavior in Indonesia. Very limited studies in Indonesia examined the multicultural behavior of primary students.

This article is a part of larger survey among students from five public primary schools, and five private primary schools based on religions (Islam, Catholic, Protestant, Budhism, and Hinduism) in Jakarta and their mothers. However, this article focuses only among students. The survey examined their multicultural behavior and whether their behavior relate to multicultural values socialized by their mothers, religious teacher, as well as friend.

Multicultural behavior are measured in two indicators: (i) having friend, close friend, tutor outside school with different ethnic or religion; and (ii) giving holiday greetings to those who have different religion (friend, close friend, tutor outside school, and relatives who have different religion). The survey found out differences in multicultural behavior among students according to their religious background. More of non-Muslim students have friend, close friend, and tutor outside school with different religion. More of them also give holiday greetings to those who have different religion (friend, close friend, tutor outside school). However, no differences between non-Moslem and Moslem student in giving holiday greetings to relatives with different religion.

Furthermore, the survey found relationships between multicultural values socialized by mothers, religious teacher, as well as friend and multicultural behavior among students. Those who received more positive multicultural values tend to not only have more friend, close friend, and tutor outside school than those who received negative multicultural values, but they also tend to give holiday greetings to those who have different religion. Multicultiralism Is Not Just At Societal Level But Also At Individual Level Wongkaren, Turro S. [email protected] Lembaga Demografi Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

The objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of looking at multiple identities in an individual. The concept of identity has usually been associated with "role identity" (such as mother, brother, supervisor, child) by authors such as Stryker, Burke and Thoits in the field of sociological social psychology. Meanwhile, in psychological social psychology the term is associated with "social identity" (such as gender, sexual preference, ethnicity). For the purpose of this discussion, identity is defined as 'a concept that an individual attached to themselves or that somebody attach to another individual/group. As such, 'identity' can be applied to gender, ethnicity, being a mother, religion, birth order, left-handed people, hometown, etc. Studies show that individual's choices and behaviors are influenced by their identity. This paper argues that in discussing 'identity' we need to look at the multiple identities that individual has since each of those identities comes with some expectation regarding how individual behaves or chooses. An example of




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this would be a Chinese Muslim mother who holds Ph.D. in Women Studies, lives in an urban area, and is an oldest daughter. Each of those identities (according to her ethnicity, religion, familial role, education, discipline, residence, gender, and birth order) carries different expectations, say, in terms of her relationship with other family members when it comes to obligations. As a Muslim, her obligation mainly toward her husband and nuclear family. As a Chinese, particularly eldest daughter, she is expected to help her parents as well as her siblings.

A question arises: which identity that influences individual's choice or behavior? Following Styker, the answer lies in the salience of identity: there is a hierarchy of identities, and the one that is mentioned most frequently by the individual is the most salient. identity, however, is fluid. Psychological experiments show that identity is also influenced on external cues, which means the hierarchy may change often. This means we need to explore the dynamics of multiple identities and how it affects individuals and society. Introduction of Internationalization of Sociology in Japan and East Asia: History and Ideal of Networking of Sociology Yazawa, Shujiro Hitotsubashi University and Seijo University This presentation tries to describe history of internationalization of sociology in Japan, which is closely linked with Japan Sociological Society. A peak of this history was Hosting of the ISA-World Congress of Sociology at Yokohama in 2014. At the congress, we conducted survey on internationalization of sociology in order to find out present situation of international mobility of sociologists in the world. Next year we conducted one more survey on internationalization of sociology among members of Japan Sociological Society and compared with two surveys. This presentation shows basic findings and characteristics of two surveys. Now we are trying to extend these surveys to Korea, China and Taiwan. These surveys are important to find the common grounds of sociology in four countries. This presentation explains the importance of East Asian sociology and East Asian Sociological Association. By creating and establishing East Asian Sociology and East Asian Sociological Association, we can expect post -colonial societies and East Asian Society in the future. Violence Sub Culture among the Marginal Youth Yasmine, Daisy Indira [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Violence has been the crucial problem to solve in human relation history. The most common perspective views violence as a social patology phenomena thus must be solved by security approach and criminal law. Though it is not wrong to think it like that but we must be alert that violence as social phenomena must always be considered as a complex phenomena that involves many dimensions. The research aim is to understand the meaning of collective violence among the youth in urban slum area in Central Jakarta and to find a solution that suitable for them. This research use participatory action research. This research finding shows other dimension of collective violence among the youth in slum urban area in this case Jakarta. Social relation in Jakarta as a metropolitan city has became a condusive structural factor for collective violence to emerge among the youth. In the realm of capitalism thus collective violence among the youth has become comodity which could produce benefits for the actors. It is proven by the repetition of this action and frequently nobody knows the cause of it. The beneficiary also range not only youth gangs but also the local govertment and a community as a whole. Collective violence could leads to many development projects and aids which aims to solve the problems but in return are processed to



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become a source of benefit for the actors. No wonder if this collective violence has also contructed as a cultural phenomena. This has occured as a cycle of collective violence among the youth, and has been part of their daily life. Kampungnesia and Citizen Urbanism Zunariyah, Siti, Akhmad Ramdhon [email protected] Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia.

In the last decade, archipelago cities transform with decentralization and democracy thoughts to frame new building over the existing change. The most dominant orientation is the city transforming with developing reasoning and economic interest all at once. The inevitable consequence is that the community participation in city policy is still limited. City and kampong communities are then left far behind the swift and massive city transformation in Surakarta City.

Learning and teaching sociology stimulate a learning process connected to a variety of city dynamics. The choice to participate in city problems becomes the agenda of class, along with the youths using PAR method. A variety of agenda is then designed to map the kampung-kota, recording the dynamics of change, recording the community’s expectation, and designing workshop with the community to respond to the city dynamics. The important element of participative process is the youths’ attempt of identifying their city and of producing knowledge about city, along with the community.

This article narrated how kampung-kota changes due to development and the community’s attempt of responding to such the change. Scheme produces knowledge of kampung-kota based on community and youths present as the means of creating new narration of kampung-kota as the discourse. Producing and re-producing the knowledge along with community can be the part of public literacy attempt later. Platform media via #kampungnesia becomes a mechanism of campaigning kampong amid the vociferous information on city. The content developed and spread is the attempt of expanding the idea of better city development based on the expectation for the preserved city ecology along with the community.



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Abstracts - Distributed Papers _____________________________ Controversial Regulations In Indonesian Public Policy On The Local Authonomy And Space Structuring Acts Dahlan, Liesda [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

This study tries to find out and describe the construction and domination of the social space in Makassar city by using qualitative methodology. It looks that what is stated in the Indonesian Space Structuring Acts of No.26 of 2007 is quite different with the empirical phenomenon in this town. In one of the Act chapters, Chapter 60, explains that every citizen has their own right, especially, to have the privilege of benefiting from the additional amount of the space value. In fact, it seems that only the ones who have economical and political power may and can use, utilize and get the additional amount of the space value, particularly in the strategic social space. In addition, the study also found some chapters in the Indonesian Space Structuring Act of No.26 of 2007 look like incompatible with some chapters in the Local Authonomy Acts of No.34 of 2004 and No.23 of 2014. In Chapter VI, of the Indonesian Space Structuring Act, paragraph 26 and 28, elucidated that this Act used as the direction of the development planning in the long and middle phases, particularly for regency and urban area. Whereas in Chapter VII, Paragraph 65, of the Local Authonomy Act clarifies that the Local Government duty is to arrange and submit the program of the local regulation, which calls as Perda, of their development planning in the long and middle phases as well to the Legislative Assembly at Municipal level. These two Chapters open such a rift and weakness which can be employed and applied by such an agent/actor who has power; bureaucrat, politician or businessman. The power is, according to Marx & Dahrendorf in Wirotomo (Asian Social Science, vol.10. No. 11, 2014), regarded as one of social structure which maintained in structural forces, particularly in power relation, among individual or social groups. Keywords : Acts, Agent, Local Autonomy, Indonesia, Space Structuring Reflective Approriation on Social Media and Indonesian Urban Middle Class: Theorizing Mobility Turn Fansuri, Hamzah, Abdullah Sumrahadi [email protected] Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. This paper aims to discuss some of reflective on social changes which have been occured in the Post-New Order Indonesia, particularly on urban middle class. First, understanding social media which is not only as an advanced medium in communication practice in the Internet era, but how it is influence the complexities of social landscape. In Indonesia, social media users dominated by urban middle class and represented by young people. The first of focuses of this paper is beyond communication studies, and connecting to the political economy, cultural identity, as well as ideology and political struggle that have representative spaces within the social media. Second, this paper will elaborate new paradigm of mobility. Mobility has two meaning. On the one hand, as criticize to modern society, and on the other hand, related to critics of epistemology toward mobility that associated on classical terminology in sociology namely social mobility. This term is also




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known as “mobility turn” which not only vertical and horizontal human physical in economics and political scale, but also as Sheller and Urry (2003) said that every movement in various sectors such as things, information, digital movement, and virtual communication. This thought encourage an advance studies on globalization, cutting-edge technology, the development of new media, and new perspective of critical theories. By this context, social media become a part of new mobility and the critical overview is related to how social media construct the user’s identity such as by ‘filtre buble’ which narrowing information as what we like. Finally, discussing social media, new mobility, and urban middle class are a good chance to open the re-interpretation of theoritical and methodological in sociology which possible to encouraging contemporary debates in social sciences. Keyword: Social Media, Mobility Turn, Identity, Urban Middle Class, Social Sciences. Strategies of Religious Social Movement: The Case Study of Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia Fadhillah, Nuurul Fajari [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. This study is focusing to explain the strategies developed by Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia (JAI) as religious minority group to survive in the society. The writer argued that JAI, beyond the label as discriminated minority group, is a social movement that developed three main strategies to preserve its existence and pursue its missions. The three main strategies are not to retaliate the discrimination they received, to disseminate their teachings implicitly, and to actively build social relationship with non-Ahmadis out of the interest to spread their teachings. Inside these three main strategies contain the identity of peace carrier that they try to build and show. This study is moving further than some previous studies that only focused to explain how JAI responds toward the discrimination they received. When these drawn further, the existence of JAI showed that civil society, through their movement, have a latitude in today’s society, which is network society. This finding will inniatiate the theory building of new social movement by seeing the importance of local-good civil society roles in broader society, which is in the level of South East Asian society . The research method used in this study is qualitative approach by doing in-depth interviews with the administrators and members of JAI as main data collection technique. Keywords: Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia, survival strategy, social movement, civil society The Capabilities Approach as a Proposal for Women Inequality Problem in Indonesia Febriani, Rika [email protected] Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Driyarkara, Indonesia. Capability approach as a philosophical theory for measure the standard of human life was originally introduced by Amartya Sen (1933-present). The old indicator that used economic measurement can not be longer anchored in the development theories. Therefore, there is a need for a standard that is more concerned with individual freedom as well as respect human functions. In the use of the capability approach, a person seen in the framework of what people is able to do and to be. This capability questions according to Sen is best raised to answer social justice and inequality. The debate between feminists in developed and developing countries are always been a discussion that was never completed. Feminists in developed countries striving in the issue: the number of working




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hours, pay cuts and lack of social protection for working women. While the problems of women in developing countries are struggle on domestic violence and oppression in the economic field. If we explore further, actually they have the same root causes; the idea of feudal and patriarchal culture. Indonesia as a developing country is also facing the same problems. Problems faced by women in Indonesia is may equal to the problems faced by women in India and Bangladesh. Surely we could also have to see the specific cultural context that can be found in each region, but the idea that there is a universal value that can be used as a normative standard for measuring the quality of life of human being is must be take into account. Martha C. Nussbaum, a philosopher from America is continue what Sen has been think on capabilities approach. She see the capability approach proposal can be used to address issues of inequality for women. This approach does not arise from something that comes from outside of community so can captured what is needed by women without being restricted by oppressive cultural practices. Protecting Children with Disabilities from Violence: A case study on sexual violence against children with disabilities. Fuad, Bahrul [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Children who live with a physical, sensory, intellectual or mental health disability are among the most stigmatized and marginalized of all the world’s children. They find themselves at significantly increased risk of sexual violence. This study is aimed to identify the risk and vulnerable factors in the society that affect to the violence against children with disabilities. It examines the social relation and social position of children with disabilities in the society. By using John Pierson’s glasses on Social Exclusion, the study revealed that children with disabilities experience discriminations in extend situation that increased their risks against sexual violence. The limited access on basic services such as education, appropriate health services, and social activities has increased their vulnerable of sexual violence. In this context, the Socio Ecological Model is also applied to seek appropriate interventions in protecting children with disabilities from sexual violence. Keywords; children, disability, social exclusion, sexual violence Community Based Conflict Management In Developinginsitution Sustainability Of Organic Agriculture Towards Food Sovereignity Indriana, Hana 1), Robert K. Lawang2), Dadi H. Gunawan3) 1,2,3)Departement of Sociology, University of Indonesia, Indonesia. [email protected] Organic agriculture development deal with a variety of dynamics, including conflicts that requires management through institutional rules and regulations. The objective of this research was described the conflict management mechanisms by the actors in developing organic agriculture. The research methods used quantitative approach supported by qualitative data by using path analysis and conducted in Tasikmalaya District, West Java. The results showed that the level of conflict management and factors affecting the sustainability of institutional has positive and significant impact on the level of institutional sustainability. Conflict management supported by the institutional sustainability factors have affected on the institutional sustainability of organic agricultural and also the purpose of organic agriculture. Furthermore, the level of institutional sustainability also has positive and significant effected on the production of dry grain. It showed that institutional sustainability in organic agriculture has affected on the increasing of organic rice productivity. Basically, organic rice farmers can take decision on the selection of planting patterns




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per season and determine the utilization of production both for consumption, social, and sold. Therefore, organic agriculture systems in three research sites showed the efforts on achieving rice-food sovereignity. Beggars Are Not Poor Anymore: Study On Evolution Of Urban Beggars In New Perspective For Social Policy Iskandar, Abdul Malik, Jalal, Arfenti Amir, Rasyidah Zainuddin, Harifuddin Halim [email protected] STKIP MEGAREZKY Makassar; UNIBOS Makassar, Indonesia.

Beggars are one of the social entity in itself that always inherent attribute poor, rundown and backward. However, in Makassar city today, working as beggars are not always directly significant to poverty. Most of them already have an unlack life. They have a decent home, have a motor vehicle, has a flat-screen TV, sound system sets, and their children's education are met. However, work remains to beg them to do even looks very professional with a distinctive appearance that creates a feeling of pity. In fact, many of them have additional sources of income, such as scavenging thrift, selling newspapers, and a construction worker.

However, the attributes given by the government to put beggars as a group fringes of weak society and helpless, live hard, and even as the dregs of society. In the social policy perspective, such views have an impact on government programs which set the poor to get help and living allowances each month. In addition, the Social Department provides skills training and coaching awareness to these beggars.

Over the past few years, the government program went smoothly. Some families of beggars who recorded his name get basic food and some money regularly. The beggar that 'is not poor anymore' welcomes to this free program and even use the program as a source of additional income them.

Based on the description above, a number of beggar’s phenomena shows as follows: (1) beggar is no longer represented poverty and underdevelopment. (2) beggar is no longer the only one source of income, but only one source of income. (3) there is a life shift of beggars, especially in Makassar city. Therefore, the government as determining and implementing policies need to do the 'Re-definition' about the existence of beggars with implications for social policy is fair and sustainable. Keywords: new perspective, beggar evolution, social policy, poverty, government. Structugency: Bringing Back The Structure And Agency In Their Proper Position Kinseng, Rilus [email protected] Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia. In Sociology, there was a time when emphasize was given very strong to the role of structure in determining human action. This way of thinking goes back to sociology’s founding fathers especially Durhkeim and Marx, with main concept such as social fact and class, respectively. In turn, some more recent sociologists criticized this view heavily and put human agency at the center of explanation. Theories such as Symbolic Interactionism, Phenomenology (including Ethnomethodology) and Rational Choice are strong advocate of this view. More recently, some sociologists try to reconcile the two “opposite” views. Anthony Giddens is very well known for his attempt to “transcend” this cleavage by promoting the concept of duality of structure and agency.




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However, as some critics point out, in reality, Giddens tend to “down play” the important of structure in favor of agency. This paper argues that both structure and agency are very important in “influencing” human action; although the proportion may vary from case to case indeed. Thus, instead of duality, it is argued that dualism of structure and agency is more appropriate concept to understand the “interplay” between structure and agency. A theory that acknowledges the important of both structure and agency in influencing human action is what here called as “Structugency”. By acknowledging the important role of both structure and agency, this theory is bringing back the structure and agency in their proper “position”. Poverty And Social Exclusion In Urban Area: Case Of Small Scale Fishing Community In Makassar City Mengge, Buchari Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

This study aims to explain process and dimension of social exclusion experienced by fishing community in urban area, particularly socio-economic dimensions within structure of fishing community; and spatial dimension within strucrure and pattern of urban space in Makassar City. To reach the objective, this study theoritically applies cocial exclusion perspectives, and methodologically uses qualitative methode with definite data collection and analyses process. The study finds that small scale fishing community in Makassar City experiences poverty and fundamental mechanism of social exclusion, consists of institutional-structural, cultural and agentive exclusion. The fundamental mechanism has the shape of interrelated dimensions as a multidimensional mecahnism of exclusion. Within structure of urban fishing community, the patron-client relationship between the capitalist (bos, pinggawa, pengumpul) and fishermen constitutes the fundamental mechanism which definitely capitalists or financiers are agent of economic exclusion. Then whithin urban spatial sructure, fishing community is trapped into socio-spatial exclusion characterised by polarisation and segregation of fishing commmunity into poor, unsafe and slum housing and settlement. Keywords: Social exclusion, social exclusion mechanism, socio-spatial exclusion Exhibiting the Morphing Muse: Practicing of Visual Sociology in Writing a Local Art Studies Majerano, Danim R. [email protected] Kapitolyo Senior High School, Philippine Sociological Association, Philippine

The word Mutya typically means pearl, shell, gem and maiden. It can also mean unique, inimitable and others. This word is always associated with the popular folklore of the Mutya ng Pasig, also known as the Maiden of the Pasig River. More so, the term was appropriated and flourished into a word which is closely linked with the changing image of the locality. Through the initiatives of the local government in the production of arts, the image of the Mutya ng Pasig experienced modifications and morphed into different artistic expressions. It can be seen in two-dimensional, three-dimensional and multi-dimensional forms.

This study ventured on the utilization of the visual sociology delivered from the ‘discourse’ or ‘meaning-making’ of the local government, for their image in the context of its identity production. The study aims to analyze and discuss the use of the Mutya as an artistic image and its appropriation by the social institution vis. a vis., the local government. The use of this term is deeply



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grounded in the politics and the ideological relations between art and governance. From the locality’s history, we can see that the very image of the Mutya ng Pasig is a powerful and effective ideological tool of the government in pacifying and dominating the society – that is Pasig.

The changes in the image of the Mutya from being a mermaid to being a maiden; from a painting to an architectural structure; and so on and so forth was interwoven into the commodification of site and place – of town and culture. This became a tradition and a vessel where people accumulates and accepts concepts of development, progress, modernity, unity and identity. In general, this study strengthens the idea that art is a social construct. That is, art is an interpretation / manifestation of the dominating interest and politics within the society. Productivity of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare involution: Case Study in Meunasah Pinto North Aceh Nirzalin, Nulwita Maliati [email protected] Malikussaleh University, Indonesia.

Abundant rice production as a consequence of the success of the modernization of the system, pattern of production and use of seeds are carried by the Indonesian government in agriculture was not automatically change the level of welfare of farmers. Based on studies in Meunasah Pinto, North Aceh District, this paper is going to show that the issue of farmers' welfare is a complex issue strands. At the empirical level, narrow land ownership, capital dependence on the elite village economy, changes in the production system of reciprocity into wage system is complex problems for farmers' welfare changes.

In fact, modernization of agriculture is not only exposes farmers to the issue of involution wellbeing but also directly contribute to the flourishing of social segregation in society as in Meunasah Pinto, North Aceh. As a result, the social insurance obtained by citizens when agricultural production systems is reciprocity now after changing the wage system of social insurance is gone. The high individuality as a new mode of social life also requires farmers to adapt to the problems of their lives increasingly problematic in the midst of well-being that low. Keywords : Farmers, Welfare, Modernization, production systems, meunasah Pinto, North Aceh Gutom: The Lived Experiences On Food (In)Security Of Older Adults In An Informal Settlement Payumo, Alyssa Joy E. [email protected] University of Santo Tomas, Philippine This paper describes and examines the local concept of food security as defined by selected older adults’ lived experiences in an informal settlement in BASECO Compound, Manila. It veers away from global literature and standard measurements defining food security focusing more on structural contexts that shape the older adults' understanding of being ‘food secured.’ Specifically, this study aims to (a) identify what foods the older adults consider “special” and “ordinary” (b) capture their local concepts of food security such as “kumpletong pagkain" (complete meal) and food alternatives (c) determine the effects of food insecurity to older adults’ health and lastly, (d) locate the role of gender as a determinant by differentiating male and female older adults’ perceived initial cause of food insecurity. Social Suffering by Arthur and Joan Kleinman and Paul Farmer was used to analyze this study. Methodologically, this study employs a pure qualitative research through participatory observation and in- depth interviews of 100 older adults aged 55 and above. This study




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reveals that older adults consider chicken as the most special food and fish as common food. Rice is their top marker of food security and worry on rice supply is their most primary concern. Grandchildren are also prioritized during food allocation. Food security therefore, is defined by older adults as the presence of rice and the satisfaction of feeding their grandchildren. Exploring The government Policies and Social welfares due to “Unplanned Pregnancy Problem” : a case study for a group of woman in Mae Sai district, Thailand Sing-in, Siripailin [email protected] Area based Social Innovation Research Center, Thailand Unplanned pregnancy problem is the great problem that many organizations either government or non-government organizations provide cooperation to solve this problem stressing on how to prevent an unplanned pregnancy. In academic aspect, most of studies discovered that unplanned pregnant women encounter the violence, for instance; suffering from physical abuse, the loss of educational opportunities, and economic problem. However, there is lack of vision of policy for protection and resolve such violence. This article mainly explores policies in Thailand state nationally, provincially, and locally to draw the big picture of thinking and common practice that society behaves towards this group of woman. Besides, it also provides humanitarianism aspect that we could look at this group of woman as ‘Actor’ who never give up that violence. They struggle for themselves by using and creating several capitals such as; knowledge capital, social capital and cultural capital, including an attempt to reach social welfares, for example; childcare center and family expert consultation. These welfare is brought to them and their children the better quality of life. Keyword; policy, unplanned pregnancy, and violence. Toward Profetic Sociology Supraja, Muhamad [email protected] Sosiologi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Politik UGM, Indonesia.

Criticism of modern science actually not only dominated by critical theory of Frankfurt School, and postmodernism. Besides these two school of thought there is still another theory that criticizes fundamentally modern science, namely phenomenology. According to theirs figures, as Husserl, Heidegger, and Alfred Schutz, what they do is rather similar with critical theory, althought phenomenology have different in spirit and form. Both of critical theory and phenomenology have the same intention to criticize modern science which have destructive impacts on social, culture and environmental.

In sociological phenomenology as Schutz said, criticsm appears not only on how individual assume everyday life as common. This point of view remaind us not to receive everyday life as a common without reasking it again, even criticize it. This view is very important to study because there are a lot of people in our society tend to reproduct or receive their view (ideas, traditions, habituals, etc) without reasking who and how they transforms it to us. So, many of our ideas, actions inherited or constracted by this way, and the rest feel fine with this way without questioning again how this social and cultural process can be operated.

Sociology of phenomenology at least help us to be aware or conscious with this process. But unfortunately this kind of thought only limit the process with everything (ideas/actions) that




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happened in the past. Of course as human being it is not enough, we want to go beyond and that why we need prophetic sociology that give promise to us to go beyond past experience. It promises to us that transformation of many aspects of life are very important. That why we need prophetic sociology.

Social Changes of Man Involvement in the: Prevention of Violence Against Women (Case Study Development of Community Environmental Awareness Group in Jakarta) Triwinanta, Budi [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Cases of violence against women and children continues to occur, there is even a tendency to increase. Violence against women is a social problem that stems from unequal relations between men and women. Violence against women and children around the world can only be solved by addressing gender inequalities, introducing the concept of masculinity, promoting women's rights and create a conductive environment of social, political and economic to all parties. The vulnerability of women to become victims of violence and the tendency of men become perpetrators encourages the importance of involving men themselves in efforts to prevent violence against women. This new view is an important priority for society to change the paradigm that male have a great interest to prevent gender-based violence as a potential partner. Male group can be used as a "partner" and "agents of change" in an attempt to change various patriarchal norms and values that underlie the discriminatory behavior that impact on gender inequality. Man involvement becomes an integral part of efforts to eliminate violence against women by building partnerships between men and women and not only focused on personal change but also should be oriented towards structural and cultural changes (family, community and country). Community Environmental Awareness Group (known as POKDAR) already established in several villages in Jakarta, whose members are all made up of men who have a mission to eliminate violence against women in the region. POKDAR development to be part of social change efforts in the prevention of violence against women. Keywords: Gender Inequality, Man Involvement, Violence Prevention, Community of Conscious. Poverty Reduction Program Based On Spirituality: Case Study Brotherhood Madani Program In Kendari City Tuwu, Darmin [email protected] Halu Oleo University, Indonesia. This paper is part of a dissertation author (2016) at the University of Indonesia on "Spirituality-Based Poverty Reduction Program (Case Study Brotherhood Madani Program (BMP) in Kendari). In this context it is described the existence of spiritual values (such as human values, caring, culture of mutual help, reciprocity, social solidarity, empathy, social capital, trust, shojin, etc.) that exist in the community used by the government to cope the problem poverty in Kendari through the concept of one rich families helps one poor family (one help one). The study was developed through inductive-qualitative approach with case study as a research strategy. The results showed the success of Kendari city government reduce poverty from 30.2 percent in 2008 dropped to 7 percent in early




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2016 can not be separated from the existence of BMP. Therefore, BMP together with other poverty reduction program, not only to reduce poverty but also to improve the quality of life of poor families in Kendari city. Keywords: Pronangkis, Spirituality, BMP. Boarding School Transformation In The Era Of Information: Study of Agent and Culture Relationship in Transformation Boarding School Tunas Ilmu Puspitasari, Elis [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. This article examines the transformation of boarding schools in the era of information and culture agency relationships in this transformation. Archer morphogenesis approach to explain the transformation of boarding schools. This research aims to explore the relationship of agents and cultural factors in the transformation of boarding schools Tunas Ilmu. This research use a qualitative approach with case studies where researchers go directly to the boarding schoolTunas Ilmu to observe the transformation of boarding schools. Researchers conducted interviews, observation and document tracking to capture the necessary data in this study. The result of this study reveals that the transformation of the model of engender to a wisdom salafi boarding school agent diligence pertaining to the diversity of cultures that tend range inclusive during his studies. Boarding school active agent in collective activities by opening a boarding school cadre of preachers, Muslimah taklim, and missionary endeavor (dakwah) through the media information such as video, radio, television and Internet networks. Keywords : boarding school, transformation, morphogenesis, Demoratic Policing In Indonesia Implementation Democratic Policing at 5 Polda Sutrisno [email protected] Perguruan Tinggi Ilmu Kepolisian, Indonesia. After falling Orde Baru in 1998, police faces a new configuration on its relation with any institutions and also with civil society. The point is how the police put to be more compatible in democracy era. Police is more complicated than military on democratization process, it can’t be separated with public spare. So, police democratization should be imperatively intensive open interaction with public/society. On the structural side democratization of police has been done. Namely, police had been separated from military institution; police have also police commission (Kompolnas); police is now put on non-departement - same level of minister.

Police adaptation in the social and political change post-Suharto, however, is a hard process. The research is focused on the police awareness of democracy, then its effort for taking participation on these conditions.

On this context, the democratic policing, which were not consist in Orde Baru era, is very popular nowadays. The main question is ‘how the concept of democratic policing is implemented?’ As an concept democratic policing is not easy to be understood by the police. It is not like the concept of community policing that had been known -- even regulated by Perkap (Peraturan Kepala




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Polisi) – the democratic policing is still debated in internal police institution. One of the finding, Democratic policing finally is known for handling or solving social conflict. The implementation democratic policing in the some reason used for leaving-behind the law (positive regulation, KUHP) for considering the higher conflict. So, on this implementation, democratic policing become a ‘bomb time’ that can arise blast or mob a conflict again in any time; in other side this way is as secrifice of positive law. Keywords : Democratic policing, social change, social conflict Transforming Balinese Gamelan Community: Case Study Of Social Changes In Bali Sari, Ni Made Purnama [email protected] Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Gamelan, the Balinese traditional music, was formed as reflection of cultural preservation, especially during twentieth century when cultural industry has implied massively by tourism regulation and activities. After Ajeg Bali’s political tendency and openness of Balinese society with global culture, the locals try to protect their own tradition and act to be more exclusive to the outsiders. Moreover, the tourism market often uses the arts as commodity which in several ways had superficially simplified them; in other side, the government perpetuates tourism regulation that explore Balinese culture particularly rather than cross-cultures history and situation. This research conducts to find out how the Balinese gamelan community transforms and negotiates their role in this situation; could they show their free-expression in gamelan plays without restrained by the markets as well as reach original accomplishment to distinguish them with the traditional groups. Keywords: conflict management, organic rice, institutional, food sovereignty


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