Trowel XV (2014)

Trowel Volume XV

2014

Edited By

Abigail Ash, Alexandra Guglielmi, Mark Haughton and Ian Ostericher

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Trowel Volume XV (2014)

Cover illustrations: Paula Moran. crimsonworlds.wordpress.com.

Inspired by field trips organised by UCD Archaeological Society, as well as photographs from the

excavations in Glendalough and at the Hill of Ward, directed by UCD School of Archaeology.

For enquiries please contact:

The Editors, Trowel,

c/o School of Archaeology,

Newman Building,

University College Dublin,

Belfield,

Dublin 4.

Email: [email protected]

Web: www.trowelucd.weebly.com

Published in 2014 by Abigail Ash, Alexandra Guglielmi, Mark Haughton and Ian Ostericher.

Copyright © Trowel and the individual contributors, 2014. All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy

or transmission, in whole or in part, may be made without written permission.

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Editors’ Foreword

Welcome to Trowel Volume XV; we are excited to bring you twelve articles from a diverse range of

students focusing on a wide range of topics – those interested in prehistoric, historic, classical and

methodological fields of enquiry into the past will all find articles of value within these pages. Trowel

remains an example of the dedication so many students of archaeology have to investigating the

past and bringing discoveries to a wider audience. The authors whose articles appear in Volume XV

are, like their predecessors, committed to pursuing archaeological investigation and their

endeavours will undoubtedly be critical in shaping archaeology in the years to come.

We cannot avoid the climate into which we release this publication – more than ever archaeology is

side-lined in the conversations of government buildings, and reduced to a by-line in a marketing

strategy to encourage tourists to Irish shores. The student voice has always been important in

driving archaeology forward, and its innovative quality is plain to see within the contributions made

to this volume. However, the practice of archaeology now requires innovation of a different sort. In

the global downturn the language of economics has seeped into every aspect of life. We now find

ourselves in a country that may soon force its chronically underfunded national museum to start

charging visitors. Archaeologists, and young archaeologists especially, need to start making the

argument that our research is important, that there is a value to our enquiries that cannot be

measured in economic terms alone. The articles within the pages of Trowel show that young

archaeologists are committed to research, that their research is valuable and that their research

questions are deserving of an answer. We choose to edit, or write for, or pick up Trowel because we

have a curiosity about the past, and because archaeological enquiry serves a myriad of benefits for

us in the present and for the people of the past. We should all share these motivations with our

friends, our communities and the state structures which govern us lest the drive for economic

productivity eclipses all else.

We would like to sincerely thank the authors who have made contributions to this journal for their

time and dedication. We want to particularly note the three contributors to UCDig, a new section

which chronicles the work UCD students have been doing on excavations in Ireland and abroad. This

section brings a flavour of excavation to these pages and will hopefully encourage others to take up

their trowels in the future.

The UCD School of Archaeology deserves our continued thanks for all of the guidance and support

which Trowel has received over the years, and particularly to Angela Mc Ateer for her assistance in

publicising the journal to the students of the School. We gratefully acknowledge the keen support

which the UCD Archaeology Society continues to provide to Trowel and we are delighted to be able

to share the event of this volume’s launch with the inaugural lecture of the Society. Paula Moran

deserves our praise and thanks for her wonderful work on the front and back cover of this volume.

We would also like to thank our predecessors, particularly Bernard Gilhooly for his good-natured and

invaluable advice.

Abigail, Alexandra, Mark and Ian

November 2014

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Contents

Contributors vi

Editors x

Articles

Mizpah, Marbles and Megaliths - How Do We Remember the Dead? 1 Cian Corrigan The Search for Abel Ram’s Settlement of Gorey Palatines 8 Dolores Kearney The Use of Patination as a Chronological Indicator for Plough Soil Recovered Flint Artefacts in Leicestershire, England.

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Mark Powers The Templars in Ireland 23 Christina Dogherty Masters of Mysteries or Haphazard Handymen? 29 Matthew Knight The Hunting Centaur in Early Greek Art 42 Jessica Doyle Experiments on Mycenaean Metalworking with Reference to the Dendra Panoply 53 Tom Manning Scythian Archers in Greek Art 60 Stavros Christodoulou Love, Hate and Horses: Breaking Down the Cult of Hippolytus 67 Cody Ames The Reliefs of the Athena Nike temple 73 Katerina Velentza New Perspectives in Zooarchaeology: Researching Animals Beyond Diet 81 Gonzalo Linares Matás Archaeogenetics: Future Potential and Challenges 91 Stephen Domican

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UCDig

Stones, Bones and Sieves: Investigating the Hill of Ward 100 Sam Hughes Excavations at Rathnadrinna 103 Liam Wilson The Upper Dee Tributaries Project 2014 106 Katherine McCormack

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Contributors

Cody Ames

Cody Ames is a first-year graduate student in Archaeology of the Classical Mediterranean at the University of

Leicester and is interested in the Near East, specifically Jerusalem and its complex socio-religious interactions

with Greece and Rome. He studies remotely as he is also an English teacher and soccer coach in the small west

Texas town of Dumas. He received his BA and MA in Classics at Texas Tech University where he was a member

of the Classics Society, secretary for the Archaeological Institute of America, and a member of the American

Academy in Rome. Upon completion of the Archaeology of the Classical Mediterranean MA, he plans to

proceed into a doctoral program in Classical Archaeology either in the United Kingdom or the United States.


Stavros Christodoulou

Stavros Christodoulou obtained a BA in History and Archaeology from the University of Ioannina, Greece, and

an MA in History and Archaeology at the International Hellenic University. He is currently a PhD candidate and

lecturer at the University of Cyprus in Ancient Greek & Roman History, specializing in the area of the Black Sea.

In addition to his archaeological research, he has taught Greek as a foreign language at the Language Centre of

the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and is still teaching in European Tutorial of Greek language to

foreigners resident in Cyprus.


Cian Corrigan

Cian Corrigan recently graduated from University College Dublin with a BA in Archaeology. His interests include

prehistory (particularly monumentality and religion), anthropology, the history of archaeology and the

influence of archaeology in cinema. He also has a strong interest in experimental archaeology and bringing

archaeology to a wider audience through public outreach.


Christina Dogherty

Christina Mollie Dogherty is a third-year undergraduate student at UCD studying a joint major in archaeology

and art history. Her area of interest is in Medieval and Classic archaeology, art and architecture. After

graduating she would like to complete a masters in archaeology and stay within the profession.


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Stephen Domican

Stephen Domican is a final-year student, studying a joint major in archaeology and economics at University

College Dublin. His research interests include archaeogenetics, the economic history of the Bronze and Iron

Age Mediterranean and archaeo-metallurgical studies. He is also interested in the use of digital technology as a

means of communicating archaeological research with the general public.


Jessica Doyle

Jessica Doyle completed a BA at Trinity College Dublin, with a major in Ancient History and Archaeology, and

an MA in Classical Studies at UCD. She has received an Irish Research Council postgraduate scholarship to carry

out her PhD at UCD School of Classics, on the topic of hunting iconography in early Greek art: a thematic and

contextual analysis. The article published here stems from an aspect of this research, and encapsulates her

primary research interests which include Greek art and iconography, mythology, religion and cult practice, and

the role of art as an expression of social and cultural constructions in early Greek antiquity.


Sam Hughes

Sam Hughes is a final-year undergraduate at UCD, currently studying for a BA in Archaeology. His research

interests centre around the later prehistory and early medieval archaeology of Europe north of the Alps, as

well as the early prehistory of Ireland (Mesolithic period).


Dolores Kearney

Dolores Kearney is a third-year mature student at University College Dublin, currently studying for a joint

major in Archaeology and History. For ten years prior to returning to full-time education, Dolores operated her

own business in equine retail. Inspiring her decision to apply to UCD, firstly, was a speech her husband gave to

his fellow students with regard to life-long learning and its challenging rewards. Secondly, inspiration has come

from two wonderful grandchildren who have supported Grannie on her adventures through college.


Matthew Knight

Matthew Knight graduated with a BA in Archaeology from the University of Exeter in 2012 and completed his

MA in Archaeology earlier this year, also at Exeter. He is particularly interested in Bronze Age metalwork and

has just completed a corpus of Bronze Age metalwork in southwestern England with Professor Susan Pearce

and Tess Ormrod. In September Matthew embarked on a PhD at Exeter looking at the destruction of Bronze

Age metalwork in southwestern England.


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Gonzalo Linares Matás

Gonzalo Linares Matás has just commenced a BA in Archaeology and Anthropology at Oxford University, after

a year at the University of Exeter. His research interests include archaeological theory, transitions in

prehistory, human interaction both in the recent and distant past, and the relationship between humans and

their environmental setting. He is member of MUPANTQUAT (Murcian Association for the study of

Paleoanthropology and the Quaternary).


Tom Manning

Tom Manning is a final-year undergraduate student of archaeology at University College Dublin. He is hoping

to specialise in the areas of ancient Mediterranean and Aegean metalworking, and particularly experimental

archaeology. He has always been fascinated with natural and material work and has been making and

experimenting with things for as long as he can remember. Currently he is working in a bronze foundry in

Dublin as a way of gaining experience and practical knowledge that he hopes to apply to his research and

future projects.


Katherine McCormack

Katherine McCormack has recently graduated with a BA in Archaeology and Geography from University

College Dublin. Her interests lie in the prehistory of Britain and Ireland, in particular stone tools dating to the

Mesolithic and monuments dating to the Neolithic. She hopes to return to UCD as a postgraduate student

specialising in either of these two areas.


Mark Powers

Mark Powers is an IRC scholarship PhD candidate at University College, Dublin, after having obtained a Masters

degree at the University of Leicester, England. His research interests are: British prehistory, lithics, landscape

and prehistoric experimental archaeology.


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Katerina Velentza

Originally from Athens, Katerina Velentza is a final-year undergraduate in Classical Archaeology at King’s

College London. She has previously worked on a number of excavations and research project, including the

excavations of the Athenian Agora held by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens and the

excavations on the cycladic island of Andros, led by the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the

digital project of the “Gazetteer of Byzantine Cyprus” within the Department of Hellenic Studies and Digital

Humanities at King’s College London. Her research interests further include underwater archaeology and the

archaeology of Bronze Age Aegean burials.


Liam Wilson

Liam Wilson has always had a strong interest in the world of archaeology. Recently he finished studying a

single major in the subject in University College Dublin. His interest extends to just about every aspect and

time period within archaeology. During University he spent his summers excavating with research projects,

and now that he has completed his degree has been taking part in a number of commercial excavations.


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Editors

Abigail Ash

Abigail obtained her BSc. in Evolutionary Anthropology at the University of Liverpool in 2009 and her MSc. in

Human Osteology and Palaeopathology from the University of Bradford in 2010. She is currently engaged in

research for her PhD investigating the impact of the bio-cultural duality of health and behaviour on the human

skeleton through the changing expression of non-specific indicators of stress in central European populations

between 8000 and 2000 years ago. Her work forms part of a larger European Research Council funded project

examining the lifeways of prehistoric Europeans.


Alexandra Guglielmi

Alexandra is a second-year PhD researcher in the UCD School of Archaeology. After a four-year BA in

Archaeology, Classics and Classical Art in UCL (London), and a year abroad in Hamburg, she completed an MA

in Prehistory at UCD. Her doctoral research is examining the significance of Roman personal ornaments and

dress items in Iron Age Ireland and Southern Scandinavia. Beyond Roman archaeology, her research interests

centre on cultural interaction in Late Prehistoric Europe, as well as ancient European languages and

comparative philology.


Mark Haughton

Mark graduated from UCD in 2013 with a BA in Archaeology and Classics, and in 2014 with an MA in

Prehistoric Archaeology. He is interested in social approaches to archaeology and in a people-centred view of

the past. His MA thesis focused on the construction of gender ideology in Early Bronze Age Ireland. He likes to

consider the ethical framework with which we approach archaeology and to think about the role the study of

the past plays in modern society. Mark wrote an article for volume XIV ofTrowel on the morality of excavating

human remains.


Ian Ostericher

Ian is a research MPhil student in Archaeology at the University of Cambridge interested in prehistoric land use

and monumentality. He received his BA in Anthropology in 2012 from the University of Washington and his

MA in Archaeology in 2014 from University College Dublin. His MA thesis focused on the soil micromorphology

of Knowth and Rath Maeve in Co Meath, Ireland, while his current work examines soil formation and

landscape change in Neolithic Orkney.


Trowel XV (2014)

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