Tipología Ceramica

http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/histarch/gallery_types/spanish/all_of_type_proc_sp.asp?type_nam

e=STONEWARE, WHITE SALT GLAZED, SCRATCH Consultado: Julio- Agosto 2009

Florida Museum of Natural History

Catalogo de Colecciones Ceramica Colonial

http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/

Nombre Tipológico: ABO POLYCHROME

Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA

Lugar de Producción: "probably" PUEBLA, MEXICO

Fecha de Producción: 1650-1750

Definir Atributos: Thin, cream to buff, compact coarse earthenware paste

without visible temper.

Opaque, off-white, reflective background tin enamel.

Polychrome design in yellow, green, orange and blue.

Yellow and orange paints usually have a matte finish,

while green and blue are underglaze and reflective.

Motif is a generalized floral design, consisting of clusters

of balloon-like elements and lobe- like elements accented

in black. Human and animal figures sometimes occur in

the center of plates.

Rims are encircled by an orange band with one

brown/black line above and two below.

Forma del Recipiente : BOWL

PLATO

Comentarios: Unlike the related Aranama Polychrome, there is a great

deal of open white background space on Abó polychrome, and very little use of the geometric elements seen in Aranama Polychrome.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Goggin 1968

Nombre Tipológico: ABO POLYCHROME VARIANT


Lugar de Producción: PUEBLA, MEXICO


Definir Atributos: Thin, cream to buff, compact coarse earthenware paste without visible

temper.

Opaque, off-whiterreflective background tin enamel.

Polychrome design in orange and blue dots or lobe-like elements.

Blue lobed pendants present on the marlie. In the center of the vessel is a human, animal, or floral motif

outlined in black and filled in with dots or parallel lobe-like elements.

Forma del Recipiente : PLATO

Comentarios: Found in Mexico and Florida, Hale Smith called this variety "Abo

Polychrome Type B." Examples found in Florida also have a brown-banded

orange border.

Definiciones Publicadas: Smith 1965

Nombre Tipológico: ABO POLYCHROME


Lugar de Producción: "probably" PUEBLA, MEXICO


Definir Atributos: Thin, cream to buff, compact coarse earthenware paste

without visible temper.

Opaque, off-white, reflective background tin enamel.

Polychrome design in yellow, green, orange and blue. Yellow

and orange paints usually have a matte finish, while green

and blue are underglaze and reflective.

Motif is a generalized floral design, consisting of clusters of

balloon-like elements and lobe- like elements accented in

black. Human and animal figures sometimes occur in the

center of plates.

Rims are encircled by an orange band with one brown/black

line above and two below.


PLATO

Comentarios: Unlike the related Aranama Polychrome, there is a great

deal of open white background space on Abó polychrome,

and very little use of the geometric elements seen in

Aranama Polychrome.


Vista delantera

Vista delantera

Visión Posterior

Visión Posterior

Vista Lateral

Vista Lateral

Nombre Tipológico: AGATE WARE

Categoría Cerámica: LEAD GLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE

Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND


Definir Atributos: Paste consists of multiple colors, usually red and white colored clays mixed

together to create veins seen both inside and out.

Paste is reletively hard, and thin.

Clear lead glaze, making the surface appear swirled with light and dark browns.

The rim may be decorated at with a yellow band incised with roulette

impressions.


DOOR KNOB

HANDLE

PLATE

PLATTER

TEA POT

Comentarios: Versions with a yellow decorated band were common in the third quarter of the

eighteenth century. There was a revival of agate wares used as doorknobs in the

late nineteenth century.

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, South 1977

Nombre Tipológico: AMANCLAN POLYCHROME


Lugar de Producción: MEXICO


Definir Atributos: Cream to peach-colored paste, usually with heavy sand tempering.

Designs in orange or rust and black or dark brown, on an off-white

background.

Banded decoration, often surrounding wavy line and dots most common,

floral decorations may also occur.

Decoration on rim and body.

Forma del Recipiente : CUP

PLATE

Comentarios: Seifert (1977) believes that this type was most likely produced in Puebla,

Mexico.

Definiciones Publicadas: Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico: ANDALUSIA POLYCHROME A


Lugar de Producción: SEVILLA, SPAIN


Definir Atributos: Soft, chalky cream-colored paste.

Off-white background enamel with designs in blue with yellow and orange

accents.

Enamel is fairly lustrous and reflective, fine crazing is usually present

Design motif is a bold floral design.

Forma del Recipiente : JAR

PLATE

POCILLO

Comentarios: McEwan (1988) states that this type was produced from the late 16th to

early 17th century. Andalusian Polychrome A has only been found at Banos

de la Reina, Sevilla, the Convento de San Francisco, Dominican Republic,

and the Fig Springs site in Florida.

Definiciones Publicadas: McEwan 1988

Nombre Tipológico: ANNULAR WARE, BANDED

Categoría Cerámica: REFINED EARTHENWARE



Definir Atributos: White to light cream-colored, thin, hard, compact paste.

Background glaze may be pure white on whiteware, very light blue on

pearlware, or pale creamy yellow on creamware.

Decorated with horizontal bands of colored slip applied in varying widths.

These can include bands of lathe turned grooves or patterns.

Colors are predominantly muted earth tones including, black, olive green, tan,

rust, brown, ochre yellow, grey, and pale blue.

May also include inlaid and cut away slip decoration.


JUG

MUG

Comentarios: Banded annular ware is part of the Factory-made Slipware group of refined

earthenware ceramics decorated with applied slip decoration. These were

produced in great quantity during the last quarter of the eighteenth century

through the nineteenth century in England and the United States. Banding

occurred both as a primary decorative element and in conjunction with other

design elements such as marbling, or the dendritic patterns found on mocha

ware. The banded pattern can be found on creamware 1785-1815, pearlware

1790-1820, or whiteware 1830-20th century. It is most often found on white

wares. After 1840 annular wares became available only in the blue banded

variety and its use continued into the 20th century.

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, Miller 1991, Sussman 1997

Nombre Tipológico: ANNULAR WARE, CABLED




Definir Atributos: White to light cream colored, thin, hard, compact paste

Background glaze may be, very light blue on pearlware, or pale

creamy yellow on creamware

Swirling, wavy lines of usually blue, black and white colored slip

applied to a banded annular ware


CHAMBER POT

MUG

PITCHER

Comentarios: Wormy finger painted is also known as cabling and worming,

and is found most commonly on pearlwares.

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, Sussman 1997

Nombre Tipológico: ANNULAR WARE, MARBELIZED




Definir Atributos: White to light cream colored, thin, hard, compact paste

Background glaze may be very light blue on pearlware, or pale creamy

yellow on creamware

Decorated with horizontal bands of color in varying widths. These can

include bands of lathe turned grooves or patterns. Colors are

predominantly muted earth tones including, black, olive green, tan, rust,

brown, ochre yellow, grey, and pale blue.

Marbleized decorative elements occur in the widest bands, created by

swirling of different colored slips applied to the vessel surface.

Slip colors are usually earth tones including green, blue, light brown,

cream, dark brown and rust


CHAMBER POT

MUG

PITCHER

TEA POT

Comentarios: Marbling is found on vases, flower pots and urns as early as 1760, but was

not used in tablewares for another twenty years. While the popularity of

marbling began to dramatically decline around 1820, this technique was

still being used until about 1850.

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, Sussman 1997

Nombre Tipológico: ANNULAR WARE, MOCHA




Definir Atributos: White to light cream colored, thin, hard, compact paste.

Background glaze may be white on whiteware, very light blue on

pearlware, or pale creamy yellow on creamware.

Decorated with horizontal bands of colored slip applied in varying widths.

Colors are predominantly muted earth tones including, black, olive

green, tan, rust, brown, ochre yellow, grey, and pale blue.

The widest color bands contain dendritic or fern-like designs, usually in

dark brown. Other colors, such as blue, green and pink were used

infrequently.


MUG

PITCHER

Comentarios: Mocha ware is part of the Factory-made Slipware group of refined

earthenware ceramics decorated with applied slip decoration. These

were produced in great quantity during the last quarter of the eighteenth

century through the nineteenth century in England and the United

States. The mocha pattern is found more often on creamware than

pearlware or whiteware, and the same dendritic design is also commonly

found on Yellow wares. These pieces date from the second half of the

19th century.

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, Miller 1991, Sussman 1997

Nombre Tipológico: ARANAMA POLYCHROME




Definir Atributos: Cream to orange-colored, hard, compact paste.

Interior and Exterior are covered with an off-white backgroud enamel.

Orange band framed in brown-black around the rim and around the

base of the brim.

Brim and center of vessel are filled with floral and geometric designs

with green and yellow the predominant colors.

A second variety is defined by a black-bordered orange rim band with

orange and yellow floral elements pendant from it. In the center of

the vessel is a human figure.


PLATE

TAZA

Comentarios: This type marked the initiation of a green-on-orange polychrome

tradition that extended throughout the 19th century in Mexico and replaced the 18th century blue-on-white

emphasis. The second variety is easily confused with Abo Polychrome. The design motifs overlap but Abo

generally has a freer use of blue, a larger number of balloon-like elements, and more open unpainted

background areas than Aranama.

Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968; May 1972; Lister and Lister 1974; Deagan 1987

Nombre Tipológico: ASTBURY

Categoría Cerámica:

Lugar de Producción:

Fecha de Producción:

Definir Atributos:

Forma del Recipiente :

Comentarios:

Definiciones Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico: AUCILLA POLYCHROME


Lugar de Producción: MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


Definir Atributos: Tan or terra-cotta-colored grainy paste.

Off-white or grayish background enamel.

Designs include green dots, ovoids, or amorphous areas set off by

orange bands framed in black. These bands border the center and the

rim of the vessels.

Rims characteristically have a single row of ovals or dots between two

bands of black framed orange.


BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios: The color of the green pigment of Aucilla Polychrome is lighter and more

yellowish than the dark green of San Luis Polychrome.

Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968; Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico: BIOT JAR


Lugar de Producción: FRANCE


Definir Atributos: Hard, gritty paste that is buff to pinkish in color.

Body has a whiteish slip covered in a clear lead glaze, resulting in a light

yellow color.

Forma del Recipiente : STORAGE JAR

Comentarios: Biot Jars were produced during the first half of the 18th century in the Biot

region of southern France. The jars were barrel-shaped, approximately

four feet tall, and were used as storage containers for both dry and wet

goods.


Nombre Tipológico: BIZCOCHO

Categoría Cerámica: UNGLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE

Lugar de Producción: SPAIN


Definir Atributos: Thin (2-7mm), cream or off-white color compact, chalky paste.

Smoothed surface, no glaze.

Molded decoration on vessel bodies and rims.


CUP

PLATE

VASE

Comentarios: Bizcocho can appear like a bisque firing for majolica (before the glaze is

applied and fired), however the surface of bizcocho usually smoothed and

finished, and the paste is normally harder than majolica bisque. Although

it continued to be produced and used in Spain until at least the nineteenth

century, it’s occurrence in the circum-Caribbean region seems restricted to

the first half of the 16th century.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 2002: 43

Nombre Tipológico: BLACK LEAD GLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE




Definir Atributos: Cream to reddish brown-colored, compact, sandy paste.

Interior and exterior of vessels are covered with an opaque, reflective

black glaze, occasionally with a lustrous appearance.


JAR

PITCHER

PLATE

SAUCER

Comentarios: Examples from Florida exhibit paste ranging in color from cream to

orange-ish brown. Examples reported from the southwestern United States

have a reddish-brown paste. Black Lead-glazed Coarse Earthenware is

distinguished from English Buckley ware by its single-color paste.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Barnes 1980

Nombre Tipológico: BLUE-GREEN BACIN




Definir Atributos: Hard, cream-colored paste.

Walls of vessels are usually

ridged.

Background is an off-white to

tan tin-enamel with blue and

green decorations.

The everted rim is usually

decorated with a series of

dashes.

Crude floral and geometric

motifs in green and blue are

most common decorations on

body.

Most examples are decorated

only on rim and exterior, but

interior decorations are also

known.

Forma del Recipiente : BACIN

LEBRILLO

Comentarios: The type name "Blue Green Basin" defined by John Goggin

(1968) is somewhat confusing, in that the paste, surface

treatment and decoration that defines the type occurs

commonly both in chamberpot forms (bacín) and large shallow

basin forms (lebrillo). The ware was probably manufactured in

Triana. It appears to be a strictly utilitarian ceramic type, with a

harder paste and heavier body than most other majolicas

Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968; Deagan 1987; Solis 1988:88

Nombre Tipológico: CAPARRA BLUE


Lugar de Producción: SEVILLE, SPAIN


Definir Atributos: Paste is chalky and ranges from cream to pinkish-orange in color.

The exterior surface is covered with solid blue tin-enamel ranging

from light blue to dark gray-blue, and frequently has a specked or

sponged appearance. The interior surface is covered with white or off-

white tin enamel.

No designs have been reported on either surface.

Forma del Recipiente : ALBARELO

Comentarios: The only vessel form reported so far for Caparra Blue is the albarelo,

or Spanish drug jar.

Definiciones Publicadas: De Hostos 1938; Goggin 1968; Deagan 1987

Nombre Tipológico: CASTILLO POLYCHROME




Definir Atributos: Paste is usually cream to near white in color, but can range to buff or

light orange.

Glossy white to off-white background color with designs painted in

light blue or blue and black.

Blue designs painted in naturalistic and geometric motifs accented

with thin black lines that serve to detail desgins.

Black designs serve as detailing such as scales, fur, etc. and to fill

large blue areas in the form of cross-hatching.

Exteriors of vessels often decorated with a row of overlapping arches

Forma del Recipiente : PLATE

Comentarios: Castillo Polychrome is relatively uncommon in the circum-Caribbean

area and Florida. It is related to and sometimes overlaps with to

Puaray Polychrome, another, slightly earlier Puebla tradition majolica

variety. Castillo Polychrome designs cover most of the vessel, and

seem to make more ubiquitous use of black line detailing over the blue

than does Puaray Polychrome, as described by John Goggin.


Nombre Tipológico: CATALONIA BLUE ON WHITE


Lugar de Producción: CATALONIA, SPAIN


Definir Atributos: Cream to tan-colored coarse paste with light sand temper.

Off-white background enamel which covers the entire vessel.

Design elements include a well-defined central element, surrounded by

decoration around the marly. Rims have two narrow blue bands just

below the lip of the vessel, from which pendant designs in the form of

short graduated lines are clustered.

At least five design categories have been noted, including vertical panels

containing stylized cherry-like elements, garlands, festoons or floral

clusters on the marli, and various rim treatments made up of short

straight lines and floral elements.

Forma del Recipiente : PLATO

Comentarios: Catalonia blue-on-white majolica was influenced by Italian majolica,

French faience, and Dutch delftware. In this respect it resembles

eighteenth century Talaveran majolica. All of the various design

configurations date to the last quarter of the eighteenth century,

however the marly panels and cherries are thought to appear occur

closer to the beginning of the nineteenth century.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 2002; Batllori Munne and Llubia Munne 1949; Solis 1988

Nombre Tipológico: COLUMBIA PLAIN




Definir Atributos: Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky clay texture. Occasionally

pink.

Off-white, cream, or grayish-white tin enamel, usually covering both sides of

the vessel. The quality of the enamel varies widely among vessels, from

thin, irregular and shiny, to thick, matte and smooth.

Appliquéd appendages sometimes occur on early examples, most often

vertical I-shaped handles or everted, scalloped lugs.


CHAMBER POT

ESCUDILLA

INKWELL

JAR

PITCHER

PLATO

Comentarios: Columbia Plain is part of the "Morisco" (Christianized Muslim) ceramic

tradition of fifteenth century southwestern Spain, centered around Seville. It

is the most frequently encountered majolica type on New World sites of the

sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. It’s paste and background

enamel characteristics are shared by all of the commonly-occurring

decorated Morisco tradition majolica types found in the Americas, including

Yayal B/W, Santo Domingo Blue on White, Isabela Polychrome, Santa Elena

Mottled). Certain formal characteristics sometimes help distinguish between

"early" (pre-1550) and "late" (post-1550) Columbia Plain, such as a raised

"dimple" in the center of a concave base, and variously shaped appliqued

appendages. Ring feet are more common after 1550, although not exclusive

to that period.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Fairbanks 1973; Goggin 1968; Lister and Lister 1982, 1987,

1991; Boone 1984

Nombre Tipológico: COLUMBIA PLAIN GREEN DIPPED




Definir Atributos: Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky, spongy clay texture.

Occasionally pink.

Off-white, cream, or grayish-white tin enamel, over which a light green,

grass green or turquoise green lead glaze has been applied (usually

through dipping).

Appliquéd appendages sometimes occur most often vertical I-shaped lug

handles .


ESCUDILLA

JAR

PLATO

Comentarios: Columbia Plain Green Dipped is essentially Columbia Plain with a portion

of the vessel covered with a green lead glaze. Small fragments may be

totally covered in the green glaze, and care should be taken not to

misidentify these as a lead-glazed ware.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Fairbanks 1973; Goggin 1968; Lister and Lister 1982

Nombre Tipológico: COLUMBIA PLAIN GUNMETAL




Definir Atributos: Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky clay texture.

Occasionally pink.

Medium to dark grey or blue-grey tin enamel covering the vessel,

produced by the addition of iron oxide or manganese to the tin glaze.

Otherwise undecorated.

Forma del Recipiente : ESCUDILLA

PLATO

Comentarios: There has been some debate among archaeologists about whether the

dark blue-grey of Gunmetal Columbia Plain was an intentional attribute,

or one that occurs as a post-depositional consequence on sherds

submerged or buried in substances high in iron or manganese. Some

cross-mended archaeological examples show that this latter situation

does, indeed occur (see Columbia Plain Type Index Specimen # 2885),

however the presence of Spanish museum examples with this kind of

coloration (see Lister and Lister 1987:109), suggests that the gunmetal

enamel also comprises an intentional variety of Columbia Plain.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Lister and Lister 1982,1987

Nombre Tipológico: CREAMWARE, FEATHER EDGED




Definir Atributos: White to light cream-colored, thin, hard, compact (although

slightly porous) paste.

Creamy yellow surface glaze caused by the addition of

copper to a transparent lead glaze.

Yellowish to greenish cast where glaze pools.

Raised lobe or feather design around rim.


PLATTER

Comentarios:

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, Miller 199, Sussman 2000b

Nombre Tipológico: CREAMWARE, PLAIN




Definir Atributos:

White to light cream-colored, thin, hard, compact (although

slightly porous) paste.

Creamy yellow surface glaze caused by the addition of copper

to a transparent lead glaze.



CUP

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico: CREAMWARE, ROYAL




Definir Atributos: White to light cream-colored, thin, hard, compact (although slightly

porous) paste.

Creamy yellow surface glaze caused by the addition of copper to a

transparent lead glaze.


Gently scalloped marly and rim shape, with a narrow molded band below

and following the shape of the rim.


PLATTER

Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico: CREAMWARE, TRANSFER PRINTED




Definir Atributos: White to light cream-colored, thin, hard, compact (although slightly porous)

paste.

Creamy yellow surface glaze caused by the addition of copper to a transparent

lead glaze.


Black transfer printed decoration in a variety of pastoral, naturalistic, social

and commemorative designs.


PLATTER

Comentarios:

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, South 1977, Miller

Nombre Tipológico: CUATLAZINGO POLYCHROME




Definir Atributos: Cream to peach-colored, occasionally terra cotta, paste.

Decoration in rust/orange and black/dark brown on white to off-white

background.

Rust/orange band bordered by black/dark brown decoration.

Other decorative motifs included floral designs and dots.

Forma del Recipiente : CUP

PLATE

Comentarios: Seifert (1977) believes that this type was most likely produced in Puebla,

Mexico.

Definiciones Publicadas: Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico: CUENCA TILE-TYPE A




Definir Atributos: Paste is typically cream to buff in color although reddish paste has been

noted.

Off-white background with impressed designs painted in blue, green,

manganese, honey, or gold.

Geometric design motifs including linked polygons, chains, and eight-

pointed stars.

Forma del Recipiente : TILE

Comentarios: These tiles typically measure 10.9 to 11.2 centimeters per side and from 2.5

to 3 centimeters in thickness. Moorish in inspiration and tradition, straight-

lined geometric designs are the most common, however geometric designs

using curves are known.

Definiciones Publicadas: Hostos 1938, Gonzalez Marti 1952, Deagan 1987; Goggin 1968

Nombre Tipológico: CUENCA TILE-TYPE B




Definir Atributos: Paste is typically cream to buff in color.

Off-white background with impressed designs painted in green, blue,

honey, or black.

Design motifs are predominantly floral and naturalistic designs.

Forma del Recipiente : TILE

Comentarios: The stamped designs on Cuenca Tile-Type B are generally impressed

deeper than those on Type A. Type B also uses green as the main

decorative color to a greater degree than Type A which uses more blue.

Type B tiles average 2.75 centimeters in thickness and 10.9 to 11.2

centimeters per side. Designs are naturalistic , curvilinear, and

renaissance in inspiration.

Nombre Tipológico: CUERDA SECA




Definir Atributos: Paste is soft, cream-colored and compact.

Geometric areas of colored tin enamel set apart by bands of unglazed

pottery.

The enamel areas include green, melado, blue, white and brown

colors.


JAR

PLATO

Comentarios: The enamel areas are separated by greased lines before firing. The

greased areas burn away during firing, leaving the paste exposed.

Cuerda Seca is clearly of the Moorish tradition.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Fairbanks 1973

Nombre Tipológico: DELFTWARE, BLUE ON WHITE

Categoría Cerámica: DELFTWARE

Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND AND HOLLAND


Definir Atributos: Paste is cream to light buff colored and often chalky-feeling.

Background enamel is white to bluish-white in color, is generally smooth, and

tends to have a matte, or low-gloss surface finish. The tin enamel surface is

often poorly bonded, and tends to flake off the paste body more readily than

majolica or faience.

Designs are painted in blue or cobalt blue, with a very wide variety of styles and

motifs, including geometric, floral, landscape, figural, animals and Chinese

designs


MUG

PLATE

PLATTER

VASE

Comentarios: Design motifs and painting techniques on Blue and White Delftware provide

chronological indicators, and can also help distinguish delftware from French

faience or Spanish majolica. These decoration types and date ranges have been

documented by Ellen Shlasko (1989, see also Miller 2002).

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1970, 1977; 2001; Shlasko 1989; Black 2001; Miller 2002;

http://www.jefpat.org/diagnostic/Historic_Ceramic_Web_Page

Nombre Tipológico: DELFTWARE, DUTCH




Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico:

DELFTWARE, PLAIN


DELFTWARE


ENGLAND AND HOLLAND


1640-1800

Definir Atributos:

Paste is cream to light buff-colored and often chalky feeling.

Background enamel is white to bluish-white to very pale blue in color, without decoration. It is

generally smooth and even, and tends to have a matte, or low-gloss surface finish, sometimes

with pinholing.

The tin enamel is often poorly bonded, and tends to flake off the paste body more readily than

Spanish majolica or French faience.


BOWL

CHAMBER POT

DRUG JAR

PLATE

VASE

Comentarios:

Undecorated delftware can sometimes be dated by form. Plates (table flatware less than 10"

in diameter) were produced in the greatest numbers from about 1680 until 1800. Bottles

occurred primarily between 1620 and 1680. Most drug jars were produced in the 17th and

18th centuries, and punch bowls (large and small) were produced in the greatest numbers

between 1680 and 1780. See references for more specific information.


Noel Hume 1970, 1977; 2001; Shlasko 1989; Black 2001; Miller 2002;


Nombre Tipológico:

DELFTWARE, POLYCHROME


DELFTWARE


ENGLAND AND HOLLAND


1571-1790

Definir Atributos:

Paste is cream to light buff-colored and often chalky feeling

Background enamel surface is white to blueish-white to very pale blue in color. It is generally

smooth and even, and tends to have a matte, or low-gloss surface finish, sometimes with

pinholing.

The tin enamel is frequently poorly bonded, and tends to flake off the paste body more readily

than Spanish majolica or French faience

Designs, including geometric, floral, landscape, figural, animals and Chinese motifs, are painted

in blue, green, yellow, black, red, and manganese purple.


BOWL

MUG

PLATE

PLATTER

VASE

Comentarios:

Banding, cross-hatched line and dot, and floral elements are common eighteenth century rim

treatments. For information on dating decorative motifs on Delftware see Shlasko (1989) and

(Miller 2002).




Nombre Tipológico:

DELFTWARE, SPONGED


DELFTWARE


ENGLAND AND HOLLAND


1708-1790

Definir Atributos:

Paste is cream to light-buff colored and often chalky feeling.

Background enamel is white to bluish-white in color, is generally smooth, and tends to have a

matte, or low-gloss surface finish. The tin enamel surface is often poorly bonded, and tends to

flake off the paste body more readily than majolica or faience.

Vessel exteriors are decorated by sponging blue or purple (manganese) over the surface.

Sponging can cover the surface of the vessel, serve as a background for painted panels or

cartouches, or form major elements of a design.

Interior can be plain or hand painted with blue or polychrome designs.


BOWL

MUG

PLATE

Comentarios:




Nombre Tipológico:

EL MORRO


LEAD GLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE


IBERIA, MEXICO?


1550-1700

Definir Atributos:

Poorly compacted, sand-tempered, coarse earthenware paste ranging in color from cream to

beige to reddish-brown. Surfaces are minimally smoothed..

Thin, transparent lead glaze applied most commonly to one, but sometimes both surfaces.

Sand temper elements often protrude into the glaze, producing a gritty or granular surface.

Glaze color is most often yellow-orange, green or rust-colored.


BACIN

BOWL

ESCUDILLA

PITCHER

PLATO

TAZA

Comentarios:

El Morro differs from other lead-glazed coarse earthenwares in its poorly smoothed surface,

gritty texture and thin, transparent glaze. Lead-glazed coarse earthenwares matching this

description have been found in early 16th century Caribbean sites, as well as later sites

throughout the region, and it is likely that Iberian and Mexican wares are grouped together

under this rubric.


Smith 1962, Deagan 1987

Nombre Tipológico:

ESQUITLAN BLACK ON YELLOW


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:

Paste is buff/tan to peach, can also be orange

Yellow background enamel with black to brown or dark brown designs, orange design is rare

Banded and floral designs most common, cross hatching and wavy-line and dot combination

can also occur


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:

Seifert (1977) belives this type was probably produced in Puebla, Mexico.


Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

ESQUITLAN POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:

Cream to buff/tan paste.

Background enamel is white to off-white, designs painted in black, dark brown, blue, rust,

orange, and yellow

Design motifs included banded lines, typically in orange or yellow, bordered by black and crude

floral designs

Decoration on both rim and body of shers


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:

Seifert (1977) belives this type was probably produced in Puebla, Guanajuato, or Dolores

Hidalgo, Mexico.


Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

FAENZA POLYCHROME, COMPENDIARIO


MAJOLICA


FAENZA, ITALY


1550-1600

Definir Atributos:

Light cream-colored coarse paste, vessel walls are thin and light.

White background tin enamel is smooth, thick and even.

Polychrome designs are lightly painted in orange, yellow, blue, manganese and black.

Designs are lightly drawn, isolated and unframed, leaving large expanses of white. They include

small floral and scroll-like tendril elements, as well as occasional human figures and

escutcheons.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

PLATO

PORRINGER

Comentarios:

This is a decorated companion type to Faenza White, reported in the Americas only from the

Mexico City Cathedral. "Compendiario", or "Summary", refers to the rapid, light sketchy style

of decoration on this ware.


Liverani 1960: 76-77, Lister and Lister 1982: 77, Deagan 2002: 71

Nombre Tipológico: FAENZA POLYCHROME, ISORIATO


Lugar de Producción: FAENZA, ITALY


Definir Atributos: Light cream-colored smooth paste, vessel walls are thin and light.

White background tin enamel is smooth, thick and even.

Polychrome designs are painted in strong, bright shades of yellow-

orange cobalt blues, with occasional touches of green. Designs are

precisely executed with great attention to detail.

Motifs are generally narrative pictorial scenes of biblical or

mythological themes.

Reverse of vessels may be encircled by blue bands.


RING-FOOTED BOWL

Comentarios:

Definiciones

Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico:

FAENZA WHITE


MAJOLICA


ITALY


1550-1600

Definir Atributos:

Light cream-colored coarse paste, vessel walls are thin and light.

White background enamel is smooth, thick, even, and lustrous. Little to no crazing, pinholing,

scarring, or other imperfections are evident.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

PLATO

PORRINGER

Comentarios:

Faenza White was produced in Europe from about 1550 to 1650 but its date range in the New

World is about 1550 to 1600.


Lister and Lister 1982: 77, Deagan 2002: 71

Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, BRITTANY BLUE ON WHITE


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1750-1765

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, light cream to salmon color

Tin-enameled, light to pale blue background

Usually a single blue band encircles the interior rim, double blue bands are rare

Central medallion may have a crude geometric/floral design


PLATE

Comentarios:

Brittany Blue on White faience is only known to occur in flat bottom base plate forms. This

faience type is characterized by having a blue band around the interior rim and either a plain

interior or a crude geometric or floral design on the central medallion. Double bands around

the rim do occur but are rare.


Walthall 1991a; Walthall 1991b; Waslekov and Walthall 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, NORMANDY BLUE ON WHITE


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1690-1785

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, cream to salmon color

Tin enameled white to pale blue background

Frequently interior of rim decorated with two thin blue bands surrounding dashes, dots, or

wavy lines

Exterior may be decorated with crude floral or geometric designs


BOWL

CUP

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:



Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, NORMANDY PLAIN


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1690-1790

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, cream to buff color

Plain, tin enameled white background


BOWL

CANDLE HOLDER

CUP

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:

Normandy Plain has a white to slightly off-white tin enamel with no decoration. Some sherds

classified as Normandy Plain may in fact be undecorate portions of other faience types. This

type may actually date back to the first half of the seventeenth century.



Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, PROVENCE BLUE ON WHITE


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1725-1765

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, cream to buff color

Tin enameled, near white to very light blue background

Interior of rim is double banded in blue with geometric and crude floral designs within


BOWL

CUP

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:

Walthall (1991a) lists a production date range for Provence Yellow on White as 1750-1765. It is

likely that Provence Blue on White was produced early, but the above listed date is tentative.


Walthall 1991a; Waselkov and Walthall 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, ROUEN PLAIN


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1740-1790

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, buff to salmon or red

Tin enameled, light blue to white interior

Exterior covered in a medium to dark manganese brown lead glaze


BOWL

POT

Comentarios:


Walthall 1991a; Waslekov and Walthall 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, ROUEN POLYCHROME


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1740-1790

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, buff to salmon or red

Tin enameled off-white to light blue interior

Interior rims borders with geometric or floral designs in blue outlines in blue, black, or purple

Central medallions can have floral or geometric design in blue outlined in blue, black, or purple

Exterior covered in a medium to dark manganese brown lead glaze


BOWL

PLATE

Comentarios:

Rouen Polychrome has also been called Rouen Plain.



Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, SAINT CLOUD POLYCHROME


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1675-1766

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, usually buff in color. Peach and salmon colored paste rare

Tin enameled, blueish-white to light blue background

Designs done in blue outlined in either dark blue, black, or purple

Interior rims have double banded designs with geometric and floral motifs

Central medallion sometimes decorated with floral design


BOWL

CUP

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

TUREEN

Comentarios:



Nombre Tipológico:

FAIENCE, SEINE POLYCHROME


FAIENCE


FRANCE


1690-1765

Definir Atributos:

Paste is hard, cream to salmon color

Tin enameled, white to off-white back ground

Stylized borders with floral and geomtric designs

Designs painted in combinations of blue, black, yellow, green purple, and reddish-orange

Central medallion may have floral motif


BOWL

PITCHER

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:


Walthall 1991a; Walthall 1991b; Was

Nombre Tipológico:

FELDSPAR-INLAID REDWARE


UNGLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE


IBERIA/PANAMA/MEXICO


1500-1600

Definir Atributos:

Thin, dark-red unglazed coarse earthenware paste, sometimes with a reddish wash on the

surface.

Decorated with embedded white feldspar stone chips, inlaid either randomly or in a pattern.

Molded, stamped, and incised decorative elements may also be present, including zoomorphic

vessel appendages.


BOWL

CUP

JAR

PITCHER

VASE

Comentarios:

This pottery type is Moorish-inspired Iberian origin. By the mid-seventeenth century it was

apparently being produced in American centers, including Panamá and Mexico. Its production

continued in parts of Mexico into the early twentieth century. Feldspar inlay on Orange

Micaceous paste or on a buff-colored earthenware paste has been noted at sixteenth century

sites in the Caribbean.


Fairbanks 1966, Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

FIG SPRINGS POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1540-1650

Definir Atributos:

Uniform and compact red paste with light sand tempering. Grayish white background enamel, often varying in thickness. Designs are painted in a grayish-blue enamel, accented with yellow or orange line details. Typical design motifs include a central palmette, fronds, stylized floral or animal motifs, which can occur in both the central and bordering areas of vessels.

Rims are often decorated with frond-like floral elements, or with a series of large, U-shaped loops. Forma del Recipiente : ALBARELO BOWL BRIMMED PLATO CUP PITCHER Comentarios: Fig Springs Polychrome, originally defined by John Goggin in 1968, is also know as "San Juan Polychrome". It is one of the earliest American-made majolicas, and is part of the Mexico City "Fine Ware" majolica category, which came into production around 1540. It does not appear regularly in Florida or Caribbean contexts until after about 1575. Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968; Lister and Lister 1982; Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico: FINE ORANGE Categoría Cerámica: UNGLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: YUCATAN, MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1450-1500 Definir Atributos: Paste is grey or orange, depending on firing temperature, with light sand tempering. Exterior is orange or light orange, and may have molded curved or floral designs. Usually comes in large, thick walled vessel forms. Forma del Recipiente : Comentarios: Definiciones Publicadas: Smith 1971; Singleton 1977

Nombre Tipológico: FINE WHITE MAJOLICA Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: UNKNOWN


Nombre Tipológico:

GREEN BACIN/GREEN LEBRILLO




SPAIN


1490-1600

Definir Atributos:

Heavy bodied, large vessels.

Buff to light orange paste.

Emerald green opaque tin-lead glaze.


BACIN

LEBRILLO

MORTAR

PLATTER

Comentarios:

Vessels are usually massive with widely varying rim diameters of up to 52cm and on some

examples vessel thickness of up to 7cm. The flat upper surface of the rims on the vessels

occasionally exhibits a stamped design similar to an olive branch with leaves.


Goggin 1968: 226, Deagan 2002: 49-50

1500-1650 Definir Atributos: Cream to tan-colored paste with light sand temper. A plain, thick, uniform off-white enamel covers the entire vessel. Some vessels are heavily embossed. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL BRIMMED PLATO Comentarios: This is a plain white majolica of fine quality which is distinct from Columbia Plain by its thicker, uniform enamel and thinner vessel walls. Rims may be crenellated or have lugs. Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968

Nombre Tipológico:

GREEN LEAD GLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE




UNKNOWN


1490-1650

Definir Atributos:

Cream to tan compact paste, usually with visible sand temper.

Bright, clear green lead glaze, ranging from grass green, to emerald green to a bright olive

green. The glaze is smooth and reflective, usually occurring on both sides of the vessel.


ALBARELO

BOWL

JAR

PLATE

PORRINGER

Comentarios:

Given the very early sites at which this ware occurs in the Spanish American colonies, this

variety of green-glazed earthenware is probably of Spanish origin Green-glazed coarse

earthenware utilitarian pottery (such as the English Border Ware group) was produced in

various centers throughout Europe, including Spain, in medieval and post-medieval times. This

ware is distinguished from other green lead-glazed earthenware varieties in the FLMNH

collection by the bright, clear green glaze color in combination with its light-colored paste.


Nombre Tipológico:

GREYWARE




IBERIA


1750-1850

Definir Atributos:

Compact, hard, fine-textured dark grey coarse earthenware paste

Well-smoothed but unglazed dark grey surface, often with a darker grey wash

Handles and vessel shoulders sometimes have pinched or molded decorative elements.


BOTIJA

HIDROCERAMO

Comentarios:

This ware is also referred to as "Hidrocéramo", which describes both it’s form and function as a

water bottle.


Cruxent and Váz 1980; Deagan 1987

Nombre Tipológico: GUADALAJARA POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: UNGLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: GUADALAJARA, MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1650-1800 Definir Atributos: Thin, fine greyish-buff coarse earthenware paste. Burnished surface with same background color as the paste, painted with floral and geometric patterns in black, brown, rust, red and orange. Small, thin-walled decorative vessel forms, often with very small loop handles. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL CUP JAR SAUCER VASE Comentarios: This type has had several names since it’s initial regognition. These have included i Mexican Type-A ware or Aztec IV (Smith 1949), Tonolá Ware (Fairbanks 1972), and Tonolá Bruñida Ware (Charlton and Katz 1979). Tonolá ware has since been redefined as a related but later (Barnes 1980). The clay of Guadalajara ware, known as búcaro, was thought by the Spaniards

to have beneficial properties for women, and vessels made from it were were shipped in large quantities to Spain. Definiciones Publicadas: Barnes 1980; Charlton and Katz 1979; Fairbanks 1972; Smith 1949

Nombre Tipológico:

GUADALUPE BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1550-1600?

Definir Atributos:

Orange to brownish-orange paste with grit tempering

Dingy, off-white background enamel with blue designs on exterior

Design motif usually consists of random curves in blue


BOWL

JAR

PLATE

PORRINGER

Comentarios:

Guadalupe Blue on white is part of the Valle Ware group common grade majolicas made in

Mexico. Lister and Lister (1982) report that there are two examples of Guadalupe Blue on

White in the Metropolitan Cathedral collection with other designs, one has a stylized pear-

shaped palmette and the other having a coase copy of the Holy Monogram. The designs and

execution on both pieces are crudely done.


Lister and Lister 1982

Nombre Tipológico:

GUANAJUATO POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1850-1900

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact paste, buff to light orange or pink in color

Thick, off-white background enamel is most common, greenish-white enamel is rarely seen

Designs usually painted in orange, green, and purple, blue, brown, black, and yellow are also

used

Motifs can be fine-lined or crude, usually floral motifs, bands, leaf and stem, or random

splotches


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

POCILLO

Comentarios:

Little has been published on this type. Cohen-Williams (1992) has proposed nine separate

varieties of Guanajuato wares based on the decorative motifs and colors. At present time it is

unknown whether they should be considered separate types or just variation within the overall

identification as Guanajuato Polychrome.


Cohen-Williams 1992

Nombre Tipológico:

GUATEMALA BLACK ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


GUATEMALA


1580-20th century

Definir Atributos:

Hard, gritty paste, dark red in color

Off-white background enamel which varies from thick to nearly translucent

Black painted designs in the center of vessels. These are limited to symbols of convents or

other organizations in those examples reported so far.


BOWL

Comentarios:

There is little published on specific types of Guatemalan majolicas. The major center is thought

to have been at Santiago, Guatemala, and very little of this majolica was exported to other

areas of the Spanish Americas.


Deagan 1987; Lister and Lister 1974; Luján Muñoz 1975

Nombre Tipológico:

GUATEMALA GREEN ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


GUATEMALA


1580-20th century

Definir Atributos:

Hard, gritty paste, dark red in color.

Off-white background enamel which varies from thick to nearly translucent.

Designs painted in bright green, consisting of bands, dots, geometric elements and highly

stylized floral elements.


BOWL

PLATE

Comentarios:






Nombre Tipológico: GUATEMALA POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: GUATEMALA Fecha de Producción: 1580-20th century Definir Atributos: Hard, gritty paste, dark red in color Off-white background enamel which varies from thick to nearly translucent. Polychrome designs painted predominantly in green, yellow, and black. Orange, blue, dark brown, and purple are also occasionally used. Rims are banded in green and yellow, and designs typically occur in a central medallion, and around the marly. Motifs consist of bands, curves, splotches, dots, floral, and zoomorphic designs Forma del Recipiente : BOWL CHAMBER POT CUP PITCHER PLATE VASE Comentarios:

There is little published on specific types of Guatemalan majolicas. The major center is thought to have been at Santiago, Guatemala, and very little of this majolica was exported to other areas of the Spanish Americas. Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Lister and Lister 1974; Luján Muñoz 1975

Nombre Tipológico:

GUATEMALA WHITE


MAJOLICA


GUATEMALA


1580-20th century

Definir Atributos:

Hard, gritty paste, dark red in color

Off-white background enamel which varies from thick to nearly translucent.


BOWL

CHAMBER POT

CUP

PITCHER

PLATE

VASE

Comentarios:






Nombre Tipológico:

HARD PASTE MAJOLICA


MAJOLICA


UNKNOWN


1650-1750

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact paste, usually buff to light brown in color.

Off-white background enamel, frequently showing bubbles as a result of being fired at a very

high heat. Surface usually has a matte or very low gloss finish. Bowls, jars and basins are glazed

on the interior only, plates are glazed on both sides.

Painted designs are typically in blue, although dark brown or blue-green elements can also

occur. The painting is thin and diffused and often appears washed out.

Decorative motifs include stylized floral designs, palmettes, lobes, diagonal lines, and random

curves and splotches


BASIN

BOWL

JAR

PLATE

Comentarios:

Hard Paste Majolica has only been from the Convento de San Francisco, Santo Domingo,

Dominican Republic. The type was noted by John Goggin in his field notes, and formally

described by Council (1975). Although its paste is compact and hard (4.0-5.0 on the Moh

scale), this majolica variety has uniformly poor glaze and paint quality, and was suggested

represent firing seconds, or possibly local production. No majolica-producing kiln sites,

however, have yet been found in Hispaniola,


Council 1975

Nombre Tipológico: HUEJOTZINGO BLUE ON WHITE




Definir Atributos: Compact, creamy white to pale peach or buff paste

Glossy white to off-white background enamel.

Cobalt blue decoration restricted to a single band around rim

Rim bands can be straight or wavy


POCILLO

TAZA

Comentarios: Huejotzingo Blue on White has no decoration other than a single band

around the rim. The "wavy-band" decorative motif is thought to dates

late than the plain banded motif. Huejotzingo Blue on White is also

known as "Hospital Ware".

Definiciones

Publicadas: Barnes 1972; Deagan 1987; Goggin 1968

Nombre Tipológico:

HUEJOTZINGO VARIANT


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA , MEXICO


1770-1850

Definir Atributos:

Glossy white to off-white background enamel.

Emerald green or yellow decoration restricted to a single band around rim

Rim band is usually wavy, sometimes with a thin black line below the rim band.


PLATO

POCILLO

TAZA

Comentarios:

Huejotzingo Variant (along with Huetjotzingo Blue and White) has been reported from Mexico

City and Arizona, but not from Spanish sites in Florida or the Caribbean. This distribution, and

the wavy rim band, suggest a date at the end of the eighteenth century. This Majolica variety is

closely related to the type, Wavy Rim Green on White described from sites in the Southwest by

Cohen-Williams (1992) Barnes and May (1972) and Williams and Cohen Williams 2004) .


Barnes and May (1972) Cohen-Williams (1992) Seifert 1977; Williams and Cohen Williams 2004

Nombre Tipológico:

ICHTUCKNEE BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


SPAIN


1600-1650

Definir Atributos:

Thin, cream-colored, compact coarse earthenware paste with light sand tempering.

Chalky white background enamel, with a matte or slightly pebbled surface finish

Designs are painted in dark cobalt blue, which often has a speckled or spongy appearance

Design motifs are based on those of late Ming porcelain. Plate marlys are frequently divided

into panels (cavettos) separated by vertical bands or wavy lines, and containing geometric and

floral designs.

There is also usually a central medallion design, with motifs of birds, animals, and floral

elements.

Cross-hatching is sometimes used to fill in empty areas and blue dashes occasionally appear on

rims .

Overlapping arches appear on the exterior of some vessels.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

Ichtucknee Blue on White is thought to have been of Talaveran or Talaveran-inspired origin.


Goggin 1968: 148, Deagan 2002: 65; Fairbanks 1973

Nombre Tipológico:

IRONSTONE, UNDECORATED


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1840-1930

Definir Atributos:

White, hard, almost vitrified paste.

Paste is usually thick because vessels were often utilitarian.

Background color is white, but may have a faint bluish cast.

Thick, clear, glasslike glaze, with a network of very fine crazing appearing underneath the

glassy surface.

Usually not decorated but can be transfer printed.


BASIN

BOWL

PLATE

PLATTER

TUREEN

Comentarios:

This common nineteenth century utilitarian pottery is part of the general category of English

"Stone China" It is referred to in the archaeological literature as "Undecorated White Granite

Ware", or as "Undecorated Ironstone", after Mason’s Patent Ironstone China (which was a

specific brand of stone china patented in 1813). Undecorated Stone China is most common

after ca. 1840, and most of the granite wares,and ironstone pottery before that date were

decorated with transfer printing, painting, enameling or a combination of these. Decorated

Stone China /Ironstone dates to about 1805-1840 (Miller 1991).


Noel Hume 1970; Miller 1991

Nombre Tipológico: ISABELA POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: SPAIN Fecha de Producción: 1490-1580 Definir Atributos: Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky clay texture. Occasionally pink. Off-white, cream, or grayish-white tin enamel, usually covering both sides of the vessel. The quality of the enamel varies widely among vessels, from thin, irregular and shiny, to thick, matte and smooth. Designs painted in blue and manganese purple, emphasizing Arabic motifs and stylized floral elements enclosed in bands of blue and purple. Stylized Alafias, or Arabic inscriptions of mercy, pardon, pity or well-being., are common. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL ESCUDILLA PLATO Comentarios: Isabela Polychrome is part of the "Morisco" (Christianized Muslim) ceramic tradition of fifteenth century southwestern Spain, centered around Seville. It is the only polychrome majolica in that group, and declined in frequency around 1550 on American sites.

Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968:126-128

Nombre Tipológico:

JACKFIELD-TYPE WARE




ENGLAND


1740-1790

Definir Atributos:

Very hard, dark purple to dark reddish-grey paste .

Thin-walled vessels.

Deep, shiny, lustrous (often almost metallic-appearing) black glaze on interior and exterior.

Decorated Jackfield wares can have oil gilded or enamel floral or foliate designs, or be

decorated with slip designs in sprigs, bands or lines.


CUP

PITCHER

SAUCER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

Jackfield production is historically associated with the town of Jackfield in Shropshire, however

it was also commonly produced in Staffordshire by potters like Thomas Whieldon (thus the use

of "Jackfield-type" wares). It’s peak period of use was from about 1740-1760. Jackfield type

ware made by Thomas Wheildon is characterized by a redder body and slightly more brilliant

black glaze.


Noel Hume 1969, 2001; South 1977; www.jefpat.org/diagnostic/Historic_Ceramic_Web_Page

Nombre Tipológico: LA TRAZA POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1500-1600 Definir Atributos: Paste usually ranges from buff to salmon/light-orange in color, but can be cream as well Off-white background enamel, decorated with various shades of blue, yellow, and orange Rims usually decorated in crude floral motif consisting of curved stems with leaves, primarily in blue with yellow and/or orange accents Center of plates may have floral designs Exterior of bowls usually have two to three blue bands Forma del Recipiente : BOWL PLATE Comentarios: Lister and Lister (1982) believe that La Traza Polychrome was inspired by Sevillan majolicas, though others suggest Talaveran styles as a possible inspiration. It is possible that this type was produced only during the second half of the 16th century.

Definiciones Publicadas: Lister and Lister 1978,1982:18-22

Nombre Tipológico: LA VEGA BLUE ON WHITE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: SPAIN Fecha de Producción: 1525-1575 Definir Atributos: Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky clay texture. Off-white, cream, or grayish-white tin enamel, usually covering both sides of the vessel. The quality of the enamel varies widely among vessels, from thin, irregular and shiny, to thick, matte and smooth. Designs are painted on the interior of vessels only, in a single shade of blue. Simple, crude floral motifs predominate, most commonly segmented leaves and fronds. Decoration is overall on the vessel, not defined by bands or central medallions. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL ESCUDILLA PLATO Comentarios: La Vega Blue on White is part of the "Morisco" (Christianized Muslim) ceramic tradition of fifteenth century southwestern Spain, centered around Seville. It has not been widely reported in the Americas outside of the Dominican Republic. It is distinguished from Santo Domingo

Blue on White, with which it shares many design elements, by its smaller tableware vessel forms. Santo Domingo Blue on White is most commonly found in heavier-bodied utilitarian vessel forms. Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968: 130-131; Lister and Lister 1982; Deagan 2002:58

Nombre Tipológico:





UNKNOWN


1490-1900

Definir Atributos:

Coarse earthenware paste, usually with some sand temper, ranging in color from buff to red.

Coated with a lead glaze with a smooth reflective finish. Clear glazes allow the paste color to

show through, and pigmented glazes impart a different color to the surface. Colored glazes are

most frequently green or brownish-green.

Some examples can be decorated under the glaze with hastily-applied lines or loops, often in

manganese-brown.


BACIN

BOWL

JAR

LEBRILLO

PLATO

Comentarios:

This is a generic category of lead-glazed coarse earthenware pottery that encompasses all

those varieties that are not described at the type level. It is found on Spanish colonial

American sites dating from the sixteenth century to the twentieth centuries, and is not a

particularly useful category for dating. Utilitarian glazed earthenwares were probably among

the first products made at New World pottery production centers in a number of places and

variability in this category is considerable. These are normally described during classification by

paste, glazing and vessel form characteristics, and considerable taxonomic work still remains

to be done in this category.


Deagan 2002: 47-53

Nombre Tipológico: LIGURIAN BLUE ON BLUE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: ITALY Fecha de Producción: 1550-1600 Definir Atributos: Light cream-colored, compact paste with little evident temper. Vessel walls are thin and light. Solid, even blue background enamel, with designs painted in darker blue. The background enamel can range from pale powder blue to a light cobalt blue, and may be quite glossy. Design motifs are precise, intricate and carefully executed. They include floral, leaf, vine, scroll, and arabesque combinations, as well as portraits and scenic elements. Overglaze yellow detail lines occur rarely. Exterior of vessels are decorated by overlapping series of arches in dark blue. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL BRIMMED PLATO Comentarios: Ligurian Blue on Blue was formerly included in the blue-on-blue majolica variety designated by John Goggin as "Ichtuknee Blue on Blue", which also incorporated what is now known as Sevilla Blue on Blue. It is distinguished from Sevilla Blue on Blue by its white or cream-colored

(as opposed to yellowish or pinkish) paste, its thicker and more even background enamel, and the fine lines, precision and quality of design painting. Ligurian Blue on Blue is rarely found in post-16th century American contexts, and is a good marker for the second half of the sixteenth century. Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968: Lister and Lister 1982: 75, Deagan 2002: 70

Nombre Tipológico: LIGURIAN BLUE ON WHITE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: ITALY Fecha de Producción: 1550-1600 Definir Atributos: Light cream-colored, compact paste with little evident temper. Vessel walls are thin and light. White or blue-white background enamel, with designs painted in dark cobalt blue. The background enamel may be quite glossy. Design motifs are precise, intricate and carefully executed. They include floral, leaf, vine, scroll, and arabesque combinations, as well as portraits and scenic elements. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL BRIMMED PLATO Comentarios: Ligurian Blue on White differs from its companion type, Ligurian Blue on Blue, only in the color of the background enamel. Lister and Lister (1982: 74) speculated that the type may actually be Ligurian Blue on Blue, on which the background color was weakened to near-white during firing. Definiciones Publicadas: Lister and Lister 1982: 74

Nombre Tipológico: LUSTERWARE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: SPAIN Fecha de Producción: 1490-1550 Definir Atributos: Cream-colored, compact paste with little visible temper. Vessel walls are thin. Decorated and glazed with metallic paints and glaze produced by the addition of copper and silver, producing a reflective, iridescent metallic luster. Background is typically off-white tin enamel to which metallic elements are added. Designs are painted in copper-colored metallic paint. Some examples have blue painted designs combined with copper metallic elements. Vessels often have a clear, lustered glaze. Design elements are intricate combinations of geometric and stylized floral elements, usually covering the vessel interior. Forma del Recipiente :

BOWL ESCUDILLA PLATE Comentarios: Lusterware, or Reflejo Metálico, is part of a very long Hispano-Moresque tradition of luxury lusterware ceramics, that continues today in Spain. It is rare in American sites, and most sherds have been recovered from the Dominican Republic. Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968:141-142; Deagan 1987; Fairbanks 1973; Lister and Lister 1982

Nombre Tipológico:

MARINE WARE


MAJOLICA


UNKNOWN


1700-1775

Definir Atributos:

Paste is orange to brownish red-colored with coarse sand temper.

Vessels are covered with a smooth, thick, mint-green enamel, usually undecorated.


BACIN

STORAGE JAR

Comentarios:

This term has been used in Florida to describe a coarse earthenware covered with a green

undecorated tin enamel in utilitarian forms. Examples have been noted in the collections of St.

Augustine and Havana. A similar undecorated variety has been noted in the collections from

Panama Vieja, possibly made locally during the seventeenth century.


Clausen 1970; Deagan 2002:95-96

Nombre Tipológico:

MARINE WARE, VARIANT


MAJOLICA


UNKNOWN


1700-1763

Definir Atributos:

Paste is orange to brownish red-colored with coarse sand temper.

Vessels are covered with a smooth, thick, mint-green enamel.

Floral, linear and cross-hatched designs painted in dark green or navy blue have been noted.


BOWL

PLATO

Comentarios:

This type appears to be either a variant of Marine ware or an unidentified type. Examples have

been noted in St. Augustine only in contexts dating between 1700-1763.


Deagan 2002:96

Nombre Tipológico:

MAYORAZGO POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:

Cream to buff/tann paste, usually with light sand tempering, but heavy sand tempering can

occur

Off-white background enamel with orange, yellow, green, and black/dark brown decorations

Designs typically include thin black bands and wide yellow or orange bands bordered by black.

Motifs painted between the bands consist of orange floral or lemon-shaped elements with

black detailing, and green dots and foliate elements.

Designs seem to be restricted to exterior body and rim only


CUP

Comentarios:

Seifert (1977) believes that this type was produced in Puebla, Mexico.


Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

MELADO




SPAIN


1490-1550

Definir Atributos:

Cream-colored, soft chalky (majolica-like) earthenware paste on tableware forms; buff to

reddish lightly sand tempered paste on large utilitarian forms.

Surface is covered with a thick, tin-opacified lead glaze, with color ranging most frequently

from honey to amber to mustard brown. The surface is most commonly matte or low-gloss.

Designs consisting of simple broad lines are occasionally painted in manganese brown .

Forma del Recipiente : ALBARELO BACIN ESCUDILLA JAR PITCHER PLATO SAUCER Comentarios: Melado ware differs from similarly-colored lead glazed wares in its majolica-like paste, and its thick, opaque glaze. On the earliest Spanish sites in the Caribbean, Melado occurs is a wider variety of paste types, glaze colors and vessel forms than it does after ca. 1520. These varieties are detailed in Deagan and Cruxent 2002b:160-166. Decoration is rare in later examples. Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987:48; Goggin 1968:227

Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICAN RED PAINTED




MEXICO


1550-1750

Definir Atributos:

Buff or reddish sand-tempered paste.

Thin, wheel thrown vessels.

Smoothed surface covered with red pigment burnishing or painting.

Molded and relief designs are sometimes present.


BOWL

JAR

PLATO

SAUCER

Comentarios:

Mexican Red Painted Ware’s name derives from the original type definition by Hale Smith,

who named it because it appears similar to Aztec redwares. Unglazed, wheel-thrown, red

painted or red burnished earthenware vessels, however, were probably made in a variety of

American ceramic production centers, including Mexico.


Smith 1949; Deagan 2002:43-44

Nombre Tipológico: MEXICO CITY BLUE ON CREAM


Lugar de Producción: MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


Definir Atributos: Paste is pinkish-tan, untempered and granular.

Background enamel is deep cream or yellow-tinted, thinly applied and

subject to wear, pinholing and crawling.

Designs are painted in washed-out cobalt blue, with motifs including

palmettes, loops, fronds, and groups of slanted parallel lines or

dashes separated by dots or lobes.


CANDLE HOLDER

PLATO

Comentarios: Mexico City Blue on Cream is part of the Mexico City common ware

majolica tradition that came into production around 1540. It appears

outside of Mexico only rarely, and in Florida only after about 1575.

Definiciones

Publicadas: Lister and Lister 1982; Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICO CITY COPY OF HUEJOTZINGO BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


Definir Atributos:

Uniform and compact orange or red paste with visible sand tempering.

Thick, off white tin enamel, commonly showing crazing and pinholing.

Decoration is limited to a single linear or wavy rim band at the vessel lip, in blue, orange or

green.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

This is an undescribed variety identified by Florence and Robert Lister, thought to have been

produced in Mexico City because of its paste and background enamel characteristics. The

chronological position is currently undetermined, although stylistically it appears

contemporary to the Huejotzingo-type majolicas produced in Puebla.


Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICO CITY COPY OF PUEBLA BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


Definir Atributos:

Light to heavy sand tempered paste that is usually light orange to orange, but may be buff or

cream in color

Off-white background enamel with blue and light blue hand painted decorations

Decorative motifs copy those of Puebla Blue on White and include lobes, bands, and

zoomorphic designs


BOWL

PLATO

Comentarios:




contemporary to the Puebla Blue and White majolicas produced in Puebla.


Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICO CITY COPY OF SAN ELIZARIO POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


Definir Atributos:

Paste is orange to light orange with heavy sand tempering most common

Off-white to cream background enamel

Design motif is most commonly zoomorphic, consisting of a bird painted in the central

medallion of the vessel

Bird designs are painted in either blue or green highlighted with black or dark brown


PLATE

Comentarios:




contemporary to the San Elizario Polychrome majolica produced in Puebla.


Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICO CITY GREEN ON CREAM


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1540-1775

Definir Atributos:

Paste is pinkish-tan, untempered and granular.

Background enamel is tan and grainy appearing.

Designs are carelessly painted in washed out dark or grass green, often darker and blurred at

the edges. Design motifs include series of thin, parallel loops, lines, and degenerated palmette-

like elements.


BOWL

PLATO

Comentarios:

Mexico City Green on Cream is part of the Mexico City common ware majolica tradition that

came into production around 1540. It is the most abundant and longest lived of the common

grade wares, and appears in Florida only after about 1575.


Lister and Lister 1982; Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICO CITY POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1540-1775

Definir Atributos:

Paste is pinkish-tan, untempered and granular.

Background enamel is cream or yellow-tinted, thinly applied and subject to wear, pinholing

and crawling.

Designs are painted in washed-out cobalt blue, with motifs including palmettes, loops, fronds,

and groups of slanted parallel lines or dashes separated by dots or lobes.

Designs are identical to those of Mexico City Blue on Cream, but with a swipe of orange or

yellow paint.


BOWL

PLATO

Comentarios:

Mexico City Polychrome is part of the Mexico City common ware majolica tradition that came

into production around 1540. This type is very uncommon.


Lister and Lister 1978:16, 1982:28

Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICO CITY WHITE-VARIETY 1


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1540-1650

Definir Atributos:

Uniform and compact red paste.

Thick, shiny cream-colored glaze. Crazing and pinholing are common.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

ESCUDILLA

PLATO

PORRINGER

Comentarios:

Mexico City White (Variety 1) is part of the Mexico City Fine ware majolica tradition that came

into production around 1540. It can be distinguished from other sixteenth century plain white

majolicas such as Sevilla White and Faenza White by its red paste color, off-white glaze color

and its obvious imperfections. Only "Variety 1" of Mexico City White has been noted in circum-

Caribbean collections, and only in contexts dating to after about 1575.



Nombre Tipológico:

MEXICO CITY WHITE-VARIETY 2


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1540-1650

Definir Atributos:

Tan or pinkish-tan granular paste.

Tan, deep cream or greenish-tan glaze that often appears nearly transparent.


ALBARELO

BOWL

JAR

PLATO

Comentarios:

Mexico City White (Variety 2) is part of the Mexico City Common ware majolica tradition that

came into production around 1540. It has not been reported from sites outside of Mexico.



Nombre Tipológico: MOLANGO POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1800-1900 Definir Atributos: Light buff/tan to peach paste Off-white background enamel with green and yellow decorations Band or wavy line on rim with crude floral design or lobe pendants Central medallion decorated with crude floral design comprised of lobes There can be a wide range of variation in the yellow and green Forma del Recipiente : BOWL Comentarios: Seifert (1977) believes that this type was produced in Puebla, Mexico. Definiciones Publicadas: Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

MONTELUPO BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


ITALY


1500-1550

Definir Atributos:

Cream-colored chalky paste, with relatively thick, heavy vessel walls.

Background enamel is thick and off-white, often with a pinkish cast, and has a low-gloss

surface.

Designs are painted in strong blue, and include thin lines, bands of delicate scroll elements and

leaf or floral motifs. Reverse of vessels often have two or more encircling lines below the rim.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

Montelupo majolicas are distinguished from the slightly later Ligurian Italian wares by the off-

white, low gloss background enamel, their thicker and slightly heavier vessel walls, and by their

simpler designs. To date they have only been reported in the Americas from Mexico City.


Lister and Lister 1982: 72, Deagan 2002: 69

Nombre Tipológico:

MONTELUPO POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


ITALY


1500-1575

Definir Atributos:

Cream-colored chalky paste, with relatively thick, heavy vessel walls.

Background enamel is thick and off-white, often with a pinkish cast, and has a low-gloss

surface.

Polychrome designs are painted in bright orange, yellow, blue, and black-outlined yellow.

Green is occasionally used.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

Three design categories are known for Montelupo Polychrome. The most common consists of

alternating geometric bands, which may cover the vessel, or occur in combination with central

medallion elements. A second variety has a dark blue ground on the marly, painted with very

fine line white spirals, stars and loop designs. A third variety has an intricate pattern of scrolls,

loops, lines and floral elements around the marly, and a checkerboard or floral central

medallion design.


Lister and Lister 1982: 71-72, Deagan 2002: 69

Nombre Tipológico:

MORISCO GREEN




SPAIN


1490-1550

Definir Atributos:

Varied paste types occur, including chalky, cream-colored, majolica-type paste, and buff to

light orange hard, compact paste.

Surfaces are covered with the same dark emerald green, tin-opacified, glaze that is found on

Green Bacín and Green Lebrillo.

Vessels are small kitchen utility and tableware forms.


ALBARELO

BOTTLE

BOWL

CANDLE HOLDER

CANTIMPLORA

Comentarios:

Morisco Green differs from Green Bacin and Green Lebrillo in its smaller tableware and

utilitarian vessel forms. Like Melado, it derived from medieval Hispano-Muslim pottery

traditions, which made extensive use of tin-opacified honey colored and dark green glazes (See

Lister and Lister 1987).


Nombre Tipológico:

MT. ROYAL POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1650-1685

Definir Atributos:

Tan to terra-cotta-colored compact, sand tempered paste.

Vessel surface is covered with an off-white enamel.

Decoration consists of brown-bordered orange bands encircling the rim and the center of the

vessel, with a single are a single row of blue ovoids or dots between the bands.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

This type is similar in design format to Aucilla Polychrome but is distinguished by its use of blue

design elements rather than green. Only vessel rims are identifiable.


Goggin 1968:159-161, Deagan 2002:79

Nombre Tipológico:

NOPALTEPEC POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1775-1900

Definir Atributos:

Paste typically ranges in color from buff/tan to salmon, although cream and orange colored

paste sometimes occurs.

Vessel surfaces are covered with an off-white, reflective enamel.

Designs are painted in yellow, orange and green, with black or dark brown accent lines.

Design motifs typically consist of a yellow/orange band bordered by black, with green lobe or

dot-shaped pendants accented in black. Stylized floral designs and random splotches are often

also present.


PLATE

Comentarios:

This diverse majolica type is a continuation of the18th century Abo-Aranama tradition. As

described here, it incorporates several varieties described elsewhere. This is particularly

notable in the southwestern United States, where varieties with Nopaltapec attributes are

known as Monterey Polychrome (Barnes and May 1972, Williams and Cohen Williams 2004;

May 1972), Orangeline Polychrome I (Barnes and May 1972; May 1972;) and Tucson

Polychrome (May 1972). Orangeline Polychrome and Tucson Polychrome are distinguished by

fuzzy brown framing lines and a tendency for the design colors to run .


May 1972:36; Seifert 1977:237-240; Barnes and May 1972; Williams and Cohen-Williams 2004;

Deagan 1987:88

Nombre Tipológico:

NORTH DEVON GRAVEL TEMPERED WARE




ENGLAND


1680-1750

Definir Atributos:

Paste is thick, compacted, hard, pink to peach in color, and may have a grey core. It is

tempered with large quartz grains and pebbles that can protrude through the glaze.

Vessel interiors are covered with a light brown to apple green or mottled yellow-green lead

glaze, and may be speckled with orange. Exteriors are well-smoothed, with smoothing marks

visible, and frequently has a faint reddish film.


CANDLE HOLDER

CHAMBER POT

JAR

JUG

MUG

PITCHER

PLATE

Comentarios:

North Devon gravel-tempered ware is one of at least three utilitarian pottery types imported

to the Americas from the North Devon region of England. North Devon sgraffito ware is

identified by its incised slip decoration of brown motifs on a yellow ground. North Devon

gravel-free (also known as North Devon smooth or North Devon plain) is distinguished by the

absence of the gravel temper. North Devon gravel tempered ware is so far the only North

Devon variety reported from Spanish colonial sites, and it occurs in Spanish Florida contexts of

the early eighteenth century.


Noel Hume 1969; Watkins 1960

Nombre Tipológico:

OAXACA POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


OAXACA, MEXICO


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:

Fine, hard, compact paste typically orange to salmon in color

Off-white background enamel with orange, green, blue, purple, and yellow decorations

Decorative motif consists of elongate lobe elements, groups if vertical lines and random

splotches, often overlapping each other. Occasional banding on rims is also present.


CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:


Goggin 1968:201; Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico: OLIVE JAR, EARLY STYLE




Definir Atributos:

Paste is compact and coarse with abundant mineral particles as

temper. Color is usually light to dark terra-cotta red, well-fired

examples are buff-colored.

Distinctive form characterized by a globular body, a raised everted

mouth, and two crude handles below the neck.

Vessel walls are typically about 7 mm. in thickness.

A thin white firing effluvium that appears like a very thin slip is

often present on the exterior of vessels. Green lead glaze is

frequently present on the interior.


Comentarios:

Olive jars, also referred to as tinajas, peruleras or botijas, were

the ubiquitous storage and shipping containers for the Spanish American colonies, and evolved

in shape and manufacturing technique over four centuries. Early Style Olive Jar is derived from

the Spanish cantimplora, or canteen, form. The sides are thrown in two longitudinal halves, so

that wheel ridges and marks, when present, are parallel to the height of the vessel, rather than

horizontal and parallel to the circumference. Early Style vessels are the most readily identifiable

from sherds due to its globular form, thin walls, ridging direction and distinctive flared neck and

the presence of handles. It was replaced in the Americas by middle style Olive Jars by about

1570.

Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1960: 8-11, Deagan 2002: 33-34; Marken 1994; Avery

1997

Nombre Tipológico: OLIVE JAR, GENERIC




Definir Atributos:

Paste is usually buff to tan to light orange with

heavy sand or grit tempering

Unglazed exteriors range from off-white to tan

Vessels can have a green lead glaze covering a

portion of the vessel

Forma del Recipiente : AMPHOROIDAL JAR

Comentarios:

This is a generic category of Olive Jar sherds which

cannot be identified as being of Early, Middle, or Late Style. Olive jars, also referred to

as tinajas, peruleras or botijas, were the ubiquitous storage and shipping containers for

the Spanish American colonies, and evolved in shape and manufacturing technique over

four centuries.

Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Goggin 1960; Marken 1994; Avery

1997

Nombre Tipologico: Oliver Jar, Late Style




Definir Atributos: Paste is compact, cream to reddish buff in color,

with light sand or little evident mineral temper.

Vessel walls range considerably in thickness,

from about 7-10mm. Narrow square-sectioned

throwing ridges encircling the vessel can often

be observed on interior surfaces.

Typical formal elements include a very simple

ring or band neck applied directly to the vessel

shoulders, and a pointed or elongated base. No

handles are present.

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Nombre Tipológico: OLIVE JAR, MIDDLE STYLE




Definir Atributos:

Paste is coarse with complete compaction and

medium sand temper. It ranges in color from light to

dark terra-cotta. Well-fired examples are buff-

colored.

Vessel wall thickness ranges from 10 to 12mm.

Wide, smoothed throwing ridges are often evident on

the interior surfaces.

Exterior surfaces are poorly smoothed, with a pale

firing effluvium on the surface, and a “freckled”

appearance created by the mineral temper.

Lead glazing, usually green, can be present on the

interior and/or exterior. Yellow, white, and

"gunmetal" blue glazing have also been recorded

Form varies, but is typically a round bottomed,

elongated oval with variously-shaped “doughnut

ring” neck applied. No handles are present.


Comentarios: Middle-style Olive Jars are the most widely

distributed and frequently occurring Olive Jar form.

John Goggin distinguished three basic body types for

the middle-style jars. "A" type have a height ranging

from 52 to 58 cm and a diameter of 22 to 29.5cm.

"B" type have a height of 23 to 29cm and a diameter

of 20 to 23cm. "C" type are apparently uncommon;

the only example measured by Goggin was 26.6cm

high and 12.6cm in diameter. In 1985, Stephen

James added a new body type not previously

described. "Form III" is distinguished by a globular

body, flat concave base, and a ring neck with a

pronounced lip. Other chronological refinements

based on form can be found in Marken (1994 ) and

Avery (1997)

Definiciones

Publicadas:

Goggin 1960: 11-17, James 1985: 25-26, Deagan

2002: 33-34; Marken 1994; Avery 1997

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Nombre Tipológico:

ORANGE MICACEOUS




IBERIA


1550-1650

Definir Atributos:

Bright orange, very compact paste with mica tempering that appears to sparkle. It is unglazed,

, often with narrow smoothing/scraping ridges visible.

Small, thin-walled vessels, occasionally decorated with incised or scratched designs. Inlay with

chips of white feldspar has also been noted.


PLATO

POCILLO

TAZA

Comentarios:

Orange micaceous is similar to Mérida ware (Hurst 1973), however it occurs in smaller

tableware vessels, and is a lighter orange in paste color than Mérida ware.


Council 1975: 131-133; Deagan 2002: 40-41

Nombre Tipológico: OTUMBA POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1800-1900 Definir Atributos: Cream to peach colored paste with light sand tempering Off-white background enamel with orange, black to dark brown, and green decoration Design motifs typically consists of bands and dots or floral elements Forma del Recipiente : BOWL Comentarios: Seifert (1977) belives this type was probably produced in Puebla, Guanajuato, or Dolores Hidalgo, Mexico. Definiciones Publicadas: Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico: PANAMA BLUE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: PANAMA Fecha de Producción: 1600-1650 Definir Atributos: Hard, compact brick-red paste with sand tempering. Exterior covered with a matte-finished, solid blue enamel that is occasionally bubbly Interior covered with a reflective enamel ranging in color from greenish to yellowish Forma del Recipiente : Comentarios: Production of Panama Blue may have begun in the late 16th century. It is likely that this type is an imitation of Caparra Blue. Definiciones Publicadas: Long 1967; Goggin 1968; Deagan 1987:92; Rovira 2001

Nombre Tipológico:

PANAMA BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


PANAMA


1600-1650

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact brick-red paste with sand tempering.

Background enamel is off-white to blueish- or greenish-white and is typically has a low level of

reflectivity

Designs are primarily painted in pale blue, but may employ a slightly darker shade of blue as

well . The paint can appear foamy or fuzzy, and the edges of the design elements often appear

to bleed or blur.

Wide variety of designs including lace-like motifs, scrolls, loops, geometric and floral motifs.

Many design elements typical of Chinese kraakporcelain are also present.


PLATE

Comentarios:

Design motifs of Panama Blue on White are virtually identical to those on Panama Polychrome

Type-A and Type-B. However pieces of Panama Blue on White with stylized corn plant motifs

also show a New World design influence on some pieces.


Deagan 1987:92; Long 1967; Goggin 1968; Rovira 2001

Nombre Tipológico:

PANAMA PLAIN


MAJOLICA


PANAMA


1575-1650

Definir Atributos:


Thick tin-enamel that is off-white to greenish-white in color

Crazing, pinholing, and bare spots in enamel are common


BOWL

PLATE

Comentarios:

Believed to have originated during the sixteenth century.


Deagan 1987:92; Long 1967; Goggin 1968; Rovira 2001

Nombre Tipológico:

PANAMA POLYCHROME-TYPE A


MAJOLICA


PANAMA


1600-1650

Definir Atributos:


Off-white background enamel that tends to have a bluish-white or greenish-white cast.

Designs are painted in combinations of light blue, light green and manganese brown or purple.

The paint can appear foamy or fuzzy, and the edges of the design elements often appear to

bleed or blur.

Motifs include stylized, hastily –executed floral elements painted around the rim in a band,

and in the center of vessels. Other motifs include curves, swirls, wavy lines, and splotches,

which may in fact be portions of floral designs.


BACIN

BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

FLOWER POT

Comentarios:

It is believed that pieces of Panama Polychrome-Type A with fuzzy edges date later to those

with crisp edges to designs.


Deagan 1987:91; Goggin 1968:163-165; Rovira 2001; Long 1967

Nombre Tipológico:

PANAMA POLYCHROME-TYPE B


MAJOLICA


PANAMA


1600-1650

Definir Atributos:


Off-white background enamel that tends to have a yellowish or greenish-white cast.

Blue lace-like designs and stylized floral elements are painted in light blue and light green with

occasional yellow accents.


PLATE

Comentarios:

Panama Polychrome-Type B is distinguished from Panama Polychrome-Type A by the presence

of lace-like or spider web-like designs. These designs were likely inspired by Talaveran designs

and are similar to those found on Puebla Polychrome. To date only plate forms are known.


Deagan 1987:91-92

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Nombre Tipológico:

PEARLWARE, EDGED


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1785-1840

Definir Atributos:

White to light cream colored, thin, hard refined earthenware paste paste.

White to faint bluish white clear lead glaze, caused by the addition of cobalt to the glaze. There

is a bluish cast where the glaze pools.

Rims are scalloped or plain, and decorated with a variety of impressed or embossed designs,

each of which has chronological significance (see Comments).

Rims are painted with a thin band of color. Blue and green are common, pink occurs

occasionally.


BOWL

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:

Miller (1987) has devised the following guide to dating specific rim decorations. The earliest,

ornate "Rococo" shell edged variety (ca.1785-1812) does not occur in this collection. Scalloped

rim, impressed curved lines, 1802-1832 (Specimen # ‘s345, 346, 347, 349, 352, 354, 355, 357,

359) Scalloped rim, impressed straight lines, 1809-1831 (Specimen #’s 350, 353, 360, 361, 362)

Scalloped rim, Scalloped rim, impressed "bud" design, 1813-1834 (Specimen #’s 348, 356, 358)

Embossed (raised) patterns of floral, figural, geometric elements: 1823-1835 (Specimen #’s

363,364, 366, 367) Unscalloped rim, impressed design (Specimen #’s 344, 365).


Noel Hume 1969, South 1977, Sussman 2000a

Nombre Tipológico:

PEARLWARE, HAND PAINTED BLUE AND WHITE


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1775-1840

Definir Atributos:

White to light cream-colored, thin, hard, compact refined earthenware paste.

Transparent or faintly bluish clear lead glaze, caused by the addition of cobalt to the glaze.

Bluish cast where glaze pools.

Asian-inspired underglaze motifs hand painted in cobalt blue.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:

Handpainted Chinese-inspired designs on pearlware were eclipsed by transfer printing by

about 1812-1815. After about 1820, blue floral designs painted with a bolder stroke than was

common in the chinoiserie examples, became more popular.


Noel Hume 1969, South 1977, Miller 1991, Sussman 2000b

Nombre Tipológico:

PEARLWARE, HAND PAINTED POLYCHROME, EARLY


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1795-1820

Definir Atributos:

White to light cream colored, thin, hard, refined earthenware paste.

White to faint bluish white clear lead glazed background, caused by the addition of cobalt to

the glaze. There is a bluish cast where the glaze pools.

Delicately painted floral wreath designs in olive green, brown, blue, and mustard yellow.

If the motif occurs on creamware, the background is pale creamy yellow.


BOWL

CUP

SAUCER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

This style of polychrome hand-painted refined earthenware is also known as "Gaudy Dutch". It

can occur on a background of pearlware or creamware, however the dates are currently

thought to be the same for both.


Noel Hume 1969; South 1977; Miller 1991

Nombre Tipológico:

PEARLWARE, HAND PAINTED POLYCHROME, LATE


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1830-1840

Definir Atributos:

White to light cream-colored, thin, hard refined earthenware paste.



Hand painted floral designs, initially in brown, mustard, yellow and olive green, and, after

1830, pinkish-red, black, light blue, and light green shades were added to the palette.


BOWL

CUP

PLATTER

SAUCER

Comentarios:

This type was popular among the poorer classes. The paste of pearlware produced after 1810

is heavier and whiter with a harder glaze that may vary in color from almost clear to deeply

bluish tinted.


Noel Hume 1969, South 1977, Miller 1991

Nombre Tipológico:

PEARLWARE, PLAIN


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1780-1840

Definir Atributos:

White to light cream-colored, thin, hard, compact paste.

White to faint bluish white clear lead glaze, caused by the addition of cobalt to the glaze.

Bluish cast where glaze pools.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:

Undecorated pearlware vessels were considerably less common than decorated varieties, and

many archaeologically-recovered sherds without decoration were undoubtedly fragments

from decorated wares. The paste of pearlware produced after 1810 was heavier and whiter

than earlier examples, and had a harder lead glaze, varying in color from almost clear to deeply

bluish tinted.


Noel Hume, 1969, South 1977, Miller 1991, Sussman 2000a

Nombre Tipológico:

PEARLWARE, SPONGED OR SPATTERED


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1770-1830

Definir Atributos:




Decoration combines simple painted designs such as peafowl and floral elements with areas of

sponge-applied or powdered-applied paint, usually in blue.


PLATE

Comentarios:

Powder applied paint is referred to as "spattered", and sponge-applied paint is referred to as

"sponged". After 1840, decoration was applied exclusively with sponges, cut into desired

shapes, and without accompanying painting. This cut-sponge décor, however, appears

primarily on Whiteware.


Noel Hume 1969; South 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

PEARLWARE, SPONGED OR SPATTERED


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1770-1830

Definir Atributos:




Decoration combines simple painted designs such as peafowl and floral elements with areas of

sponge-applied or powdered-applied paint, usually in blue.


PLATE

Comentarios:

Powder applied paint is referred to as "spattered", and sponge-applied paint is referred to as

"sponged". After 1840, decoration was applied exclusively with sponges, cut into desired

shapes, and without accompanying painting. This cut-sponge décor, however, appears

primarily on Whiteware.


Noel Hume 1969; South 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

PISANO-STYLE TILE


MAJOLICA


SPAIN


1575-present

Definir Atributos:

Compact, buff to cream colored paste.

Smooth, flat surface with white to off-white background enamel.

Hand-painted designs in blue, yellow, orange and green, often outlined in manganese or dark

brown.

Design motifs are usually naturalistic, primarily floral, but can also be geometric,

anthropomorphic or scenic.


TILE

Comentarios:

Pisano-style tiles served primarily as wall decoration. They were produced in Seville in

imitation of Italian wares by the early sixteenth century, and mark a shift from the Morisco

(Christianized Moorish) Cuenca tile tradition to an Italian-influenced tradition. They do not

appear in American sites until the last quarter of the 16th century. Pisano-style tiles average

12.75 centimeters per side and 1.6 to 1.9 centimeters in thickness.


Deagan 1987; Goggin 1968

Nombre Tipológico:

PLAYA POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


1725-?

Definir Atributos:

Compact, creamy white to pale peach or buff-colored paste.

Cream to off-white, glossy background enamel with decoration painted in one or two shades

of blue.

Design motifs include rim bands outlined in black with pendant lobes at intervals, and floral

elements in the center highlighted in black.

Animals and birds are also frequently depicted in the center of vessels and are accented in

black.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

CUP

Comentarios:

"Playa Polychrome" is essentially a Puebla Blue on White majolica with the addition of black

highlighting.


Smith 1965:86; Goggin 1968:191; Deagan 2002:86-87

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, BONE CHINA


PORCELAIN


ENGLAND


1830-1900

Definir Atributos:

Thin, white, vitreous, nearly translucent paste.

Surface glaze is white or light ivory and glossily reflective, with little evidence of imperfections.

While well-bonded to the paste, the glaze is apparent in cross section.

Examples with decoration generally have overglaze polychrome enamel and gilded designs.

Floral patterns are very common, but a wide variety of design motifs can occur.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

PLATTER

TEA POT

VASE

Comentarios:


Hughes and Hughes 1960

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, BROWN GLAZED


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1700-1780

Definir Atributos:

White, thin, highly vitreous paste that is smooth and translucent.

Vessel exteriors are covered with a lustrous brown glaze, ranging in color from very dark

brown, to golden brown to pale tan. The brown glaze can solidly cover the vessel surface, or

can contain white reserve panels in leaf, cartouche or other shapes.

The reserve panels may be solid white, or contain blue and white or polychrome painted

designs. The Famille Rose pallete of polychrome design is common.

Vessel interiors are usually white (lead/feldspathic glazed), and are typically decorated with

either blue underglaze or polychrome enamel overglaze designs. Design motifs are those

typical of Ch’ing dynasty export porcelain.


BOWL

CUP

JAR

SAUCER

TEA POT

VASE

Comentarios:

Brown-glazed porcelain is found on Spanish-American sites from about 1700 through 1780. It

seems to appear somewhat later on Anglo-American sites, beginning in about 1740. Examples

with solid brown exteriors, or brown exteriors with undecorated white reserve panels are

more common on Spanish sites than are examples with Famille Rose reserve panels.

Specimen# 2597 is a rare example of the tan variety. Specimen #’s 61-64 are from a context

dating to 1733; #’s 53-60 are from contexts dating to ca. 1765-1785. Other examples from the

1715 Higgs site have solid brown exteriors, with delicate overglaze red and gold enamel

decoration on the interior.


Aga Oglu 1956; Deagan 2002; Martin 1993

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, CANTON


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1790-1835

Definir Atributos:

White, or greyish white, glass-like vitreous paste that is slightly thicker than other porcelain

types.

Glaze is poorer in quality, having a slight "oatmeal" texture to the surface and occasional

pinholes.

The background color is grayish white, and designs are executed in broad brush strokes using a

range of blues from watery gray-blue to cobalt.

Design execution is simple, using bold brush strokes and various shades of blue ranging from

watery grayish-blue to cobalt.

Motifs in the central medallion are Chinese garden or village scenes, including a pagoda, bridge

and boats. Rim decoration on Canton Ware is of crude blue lattice network with an inner

border of wavy or scalloped lines.


BOWL

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:

"Canton" ware was mass-produced at Canton after the American Revolution, as an export

ware to America. It is sometimes referred to as "Ballast ware" for the low cost and huge

amounts shipped (sometimes as ballast) of this porcelain. "Nanking" ware is a more refined

and higher quality export ware of the same period. It is distinguished from Canton Ware by it’s

finer design execution, consistently cobalt blue paint, and its rim design, which consists of a

geometric, diapered lattice rim decoration with occasionally detailed with overglaze gold.


Mudge 1986; Noel Hume 1969

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, CH ING BLUE ON WHITE


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1644-1912

Definir Atributos:


Background feldspathic glaze is well bonded to the paste, white or bluish-white in color,

lustrous, and with little evidence of imperfection.

Decorations are precisely painted in clear blues ranging from pale to deep sapphire, often

delicately outlined in dark blue.

Common motifs include flowers, fish, animals, landscapes and humans involved in activities.

Cross-hatched diaper designs often appear in a band around the rim, as well as a rust color on

the lip of the vessel.


BOWL

CUP

JAR

PLATE

SAUCER

VASE

Comentarios:

Ch‘ing or Qing dynasty porcelains are quite difficult to date precisely without the aid of a

specialist. Date ranges for many of the motifs on eighteenth century porcelains can be found in

Miller (2002).


Mudge 1986; Shulsky 1999; Noel Hume 2001; Deagan 2002; Miller 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, CH ING POLYCHROME OVERGLAZE


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1700-1750

Definir Atributos:


Background feldspathic glaze is well bonded to the paste, white or bluish-white in color,

lustrous, and with little evidence of imperfection.

Decoration is overglaze enamel in red and gold, using the same motifs and techniques and

floral motifs used in “Chinese Imari” porcelain overglaze decoration.

There is no blue underglaze design.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

SAUCER

Comentarios:

This is essentially Chinese Imari without the underglaze blue paint. On archaeological examples

the overglaze elements are often worn away, and are represented on the sherds only by

iridescent "tracks" on the sherd surface.


Carswell 1985, Deagan 1987, Kuwayama 1997

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, CHINESE IMARI


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1700-1780

Definir Atributos:


Background glaze is white or bluish-white in color, well bonded to the paste, lustrous, and

shows little evidence of imperfection.

Decorated with underglaze handpainted cobalt blue Chinese designs, combined with overglaze

enamel decoration in red, green and gold.

Overglaze motifs are most commonly floral elements.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

SAUCER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

Chinese Imari porcelain was made in imitation of Japanese Imari porcelain, which is rarely see

in American colonial sites. It’s peak of popularity was between about 1715 and 1735. The

overglaze enamel elements are unstable in buried conditions, and are thus often fugitive on

archaeological examples. Fugitive elements appear as faint outlines on the surface of sherds,

visible only at certain light angles.


Godden 1979; Mudge 1986; Noel Hume 1970

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, DEHUA WHITE


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1640-1750

Definir Atributos:

White, highly vitreous paste that is slightly thicker and glassier than most other porcelain

types.

Covered in a creamy, translucent, white or light cream-colored feldspathic glaze, with no

painted decoration.

Decoration consists of molded applied elements, that usually consist of floral motifs, but which

may also include animals.

Texture can vary from a lardlike, almost greasy feel to a smooth, almost blemish-less ware.


CUP

FIGURINE

Comentarios:

This ware is also known as "Blanc de Chine", and is most commonly used for small libation cups

and figurines.


Mudge 1986

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, JAPANESE


PORCELAIN


JAPAN


1616-present

Definir Atributos:

Slightly grayish, thick, glass-like vitreous paste, with a well-bonded, nearly transparent

feldspathic glaze. Paste is somewhat more granular than Chinese porcelain.

Plates and other flat pieces often have marks on their bases from firing stilts used in the kilns

Decorations include underglaze blue painting, overglaze polychrome enamels and

combinations of these techniques.

Underglaze blues tend to be more grayish in tint, and slightly more granular-appearing than

the blues found on Chinese pieces. Motifs are inspired by Ming porcelains, but with more

attention to realism.

Overglaze enamel colors include iron-red, green and gilt enameling over underglaze blue (Imari

wares), as well as simpler designs in red, pink and blue.


BOWL

CUP

FIGURINE

JAR

PLATE

SAUCER

TEA POT

VASE

Comentarios:

The heavily decorated styles of the Imari tradition were exclusively export wares. The simpler

polychrome enamel designs of the Kakiemon family were rarely exported and most popular

among the Japanese consumers.


Godden 1979, Mudge 1986, Schiffer 1978

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, KRAAK


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1550-1644

Definir Atributos:

White, vitreous paste that is smooth and translucent, but with occasional pitting and

imperfections caused by impurities in the clay.

The background glaze has a bluish tint and a glossy finish. It is sometimes irregular, and is

subject to pinholing and chipping around the rim edges.

Decoration is executed in underglaze blue paint, ranging from a pale silvery blue to a dark

indigo blue. Elements are painted in outline, and filled with a lighter-colored blue wash of

paint.

Designs are arranged formally in panels around the rim and marlies of plates, separated by

straight or scalloped lines. A central medallion design is in the center of plates.

Motifs include flowers, fruit birds, Taoist symbols and landscape scenes. The reverses of plates

often have arches of small floral designs in panels.

Vessels may have kiln sand adhering to them, particularly on the base of foot rings. Foot rings

are found on nearly all vessels.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

SAUCER

Comentarios:

Kraak porcelain was produced primarily for export, and was shipped to Europe in great

quantities by Portuguese and Dutch traders. A subset of Ming porcelain, it is distinguished

from non-Kraak Ming wares by it’s poorer quality of glaze and firing, its variance in color from

the rich cobalt blue typical of Ming porcelain, and it’s arrangement of designs in panels around

the cavetto. Specific chronological subdivisions based on design can be found in Pijl-Ketel 1982

and McElney 1979.


Kuwayama 1997; McElney 1979; Pijl-Ketel 1982, Rinaldi 1989

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, MING BLUE ON WHITE


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1550-1644

Definir Atributos:

White, thin, highly vitreous paste, that is smooth and translucent, with the glaze well bonded

to the paste.

Background glaze color has a bluish or bluish-grey tint, and the surfaces are very glossy,

smooth and without visible imperfection.

Decoration is in underglaze blue painting, commonly using a bright, light cobalt blue color.

Most elements are outlined in blue, with a paler blue wash filling them in.

Designs are often arranged in a central medallion, with freely arranged elements around the

cavetto and rim. Motifs include floral elements, mythological creatures, figures, animals,

landscape features, cross-hatching, geometric elements, and scrolls.


BOWL

CUP

JAR

PLATE

SAUCER

VASE

Comentarios:

Ming porcelain is known for its soft, lustrous surfaces, and the spontaneous quality of it’s

designs. For specific chronological and regional attributions, see Carswell 1985 and Kuwayama

1997


Ayers 1988, Carswell 1985, Deagan 1987, Kuwayama 1997

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, MING POLYCHROME


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1550-1644

Definir Atributos:

White, glass-like vitreous paste, that is smooth and translucent, with the glaze well bonded to

the paste

Background color is a slightly greenish off-white color

Polychrome colors such as green, purplish-brown and gold are applied to highlight the molded

decoration


EWER

Comentarios:


Ayers 1988, Carswell 1985, Deagan 1987, Kuwayama 1997, Schulsky 1999

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, MING POLYCHROME OVERGLAZED


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1550-1644

Definir Atributos:

White, thin, highly vitreous paste, that is smooth and translucent, with the glaze well bonded

to the paste.

Background glaze color has a bluish or bluish-grey tint, and the surfaces are very glossy,

smooth and without visible imperfection.

Exteriors of vessels are decorated with overglaze enamels in red, yellow, green, blue and gold.

Exterior motifs include medallions, floral elements and birds, often on a diaper ground.

Interiors may be undecorated, or painted in underglaze blue. A bright, light cobalt blue color is

typical of interior-decorated examples, and most elements are outlined in bluewith a paler

blue wash filling them in.

Interior designs are often arranged in a central medallion, with freely arranged elements

around the cavetto and rim.

Interior motifs include floral elements, mythological creatures, figures, animals, landscape

features, cross-hatching, geometric elements, and scrolls.


BOWL

CUP

EWER

Comentarios:

See Carswell 1985 and Kuwayama 1997 for design elements attributed to specific regions and

chronological periods.


Ayers 1988; Carswell 1985; Deagan 1987; Kuwayama 1997; Mudge 1986

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, POLYCHROME CHINESE EXPORT


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1680-1850

Definir Atributos:


Background glaze is well bonded to the paste, white or bluish-white in color, lustrous, and with

little evidence of imperfection.

Decorated with opaque overglaze enamels and gilding in a variety of colors, including multiple

shades of green, pink, blue, red, black, plum orange and yellow.

Design motifs usually include floral elements combined with animals, birds, insects, geometric

designs, symbols and figures. Motifs are detailed and finely executed.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

SAUCER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

This category of Chinese porcelain encompasses a variety of color palettes and motif themes,

some of which can be more narrowly dated. The "Famille Rose" palette (Specimen # 2532), is

distinguished by it’s predominantly floral design featuring clear, bright, pink roses detailed in

white, and dates between ca. 1720 and 1850. The "Famille Vert" pallete is distinguished by its

decoration made up predominantly of several shades of bright, light green, and dates between

about 1680 and 1780. The blue-dotted zoomorphic element in Specimen # 33 is characteristic

of the 1820-1840 period.


Mudge 1986; Nadler 2001

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, POWDER BLUE


PORCELAIN


CHINA


1700-1750

Definir Atributos:


Interior feldspathic glaze is well bonded to the paste, white or bluish-white in color, lustrous,

and with little evidence of imperfection.

Exterior is covered in a deep blue glaze that contains specks of black, giving it a "powdered"

appearance

Most examples have an overglaze enamel design painted in gold, but this is usually worn off,

leaving only iridescent "tracks" on the surface.

Overglaze motifs include scrolls and floral elements.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

SAUCER

Comentarios:

This ware is sometimes called 'blown blue', because it was blown onto the porcelain in powder

form, through a bamboo tube with a silk screen at one end.


Carswell 1985, Deagan 1987, Kuwayama 1997

Nombre Tipológico:

PORCELAIN, UID ASIAN


PORCELAIN


ASIA


? (varies)

Definir Atributos:

Combinations of porcelain body characteristics, glaze, and decorative techniques that do not

conform to existing categories or type definitions.

Porcelain sherds that are too eroded or small to be identified.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:

This category will be revised as new information is learned. Comments and identifications of

individual specimens will be welcome.


Nombre Tipológico:

PUARAY POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


1675-1700

Definir Atributos:

Compact, chalky white to buff-colored paste.

Glossy, chalky white background enamel with designs painted in two colors of cobalt blue.

Asian-inspired designs with floral motifs outlined or accentuated in black.

Reverse side of vessels are often covered with a encirling row of overalapping arches.


BRIMMED PLATO

CUP

Comentarios:

Puaray Polychrome is closely related to Castillo Polychrome, both of which are thought to be

steps in the development of the Puebla Blue on White tradition that dominated the eighteenth

century Mexican majolicas. Puaray Polychrome differs from Castillo Polychrome in the use of

two distinct colors of blue in the design, thicker black outlines (compared to the delicate black

lines used on Castillo Polychrome); and the use of black lines principally for outlining, rather

than the detailing and filling of large areas of blue.


Goggin 1968:182-83; Deagan 2002:82

Nombre Tipológico:

PUEBLA BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA , MEXICO


1675-1800

Definir Atributos:

Creamy white to pale peach or buff paste with little visible temper.

Cream to off-white, glossy background enamel, often with light crazing.

Decorations are painted in one or two shades of cobalt blue.

Designs are commonly composed using dots, bands and lobe shapes. Motifs include stylized

floral and zoomorphic elements, as well as geometric patterns.

Fino (fine grade) Puebla blue on white has a whiter background color, and precisely painted,

often complex designs covering much of the vessel surface. Fino vessels often have

overlapping blue arcs on their reverse.

Entrefino (common grade) Puebla Blue on white has an off-white background color, and

casually executed designs consisting of rim bands with pendant elements along with a central

medallion floral or animal design.


BOWL

CUP

FIGURINE

INKWELL

JAR

LEBRILLO

PLATE

POCILLO

TILE

VASE

Comentarios:

Puebla Blue on White is the most commonly found majolica in 18th century Spanish-American

archaeological sites. The type encompasses a very wide range of variation in its designs and its

execution, which can include fino (fine grade) and entrefino (common grade) categories. The

fino Puebla Blue on White category, defined by Lister and Lister (1974, 1983), overlaps the

type, San Agustín Blue on White (Goggon 1968; Deagan 2002). Design motifs on fino and

entrefino vessels are highly varied, and made a gradual transition through the 18th century

from predominantly Chinese and Talaveran-inspired motifs, to motifs based on English refined

earthenware decoration. These later examples are often molded, with fluted or scalloped rims,

and have decoration emphasizing the rim band (See "Puebla Blue on White, Late")


Deagan 2002; Goggin 1968; Lister and Lister 1974,1983

Nombre Tipológico:

PUEBLA BLUE ON WHITE VARIANT WITH BLACK


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


1750-1830

Definir Atributos:



Decorations are painted in one or two shades of cobalt blue, with intermittent, thin black line

detailing.

Designs are commonly composed using dots, bands and lobe shapes. Motifs include stylized

floral and zoomorphic elements, as well as geometric patterns.


INKWELL

PLATE

Comentarios:

This variety was designated by Florence and Robert Lister in their ceramic type collection. It is

closely related to San Elizario Polychrome, which differs from Puebla Blue on White (Black

Variant) only in its central wading bird motif. It is recovered primarily from post-1750 contexts.


Nombre Tipológico:

PUEBLA BLUE ON WHITE, BLUE WASH VARIANT


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico:

PUEBLA BLUE ON WHITE, LATE


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


1750-1830

Definir Atributos:




Designs are inspired by English refined earthenware patterns, emphasizing rim decoration.

Molded vessel bodies are common, often resulting in fluted or scalloped rims.


Comentarios:


Deagan 2002; Lister and Lister 1974, 1983

Nombre Tipológico:

PUEBLA BLUE ON WHITE, LATE


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


1750-1830

Definir Atributos:




Designs are inspired by English refined earthenware patterns, emphasizing rim decoration.

Molded vessel bodies are common, often resulting in fluted or scalloped rims.


Comentarios:



Nombre Tipológico:

PUEBLA WHITE


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


1650-1800

Definir Atributos:

Cream to buff to light orange colored paste, with light sand tempering

White to off-white tin enamel covering the entire vessel

Tin enamel is thick and well bonded to the vessel, and crazing is fairly common


BOWL

PLATO

POCILLO

Comentarios:

Puebla White has not been formally described in the literature, but rather refers to

undecorated, white glazed majolica with the paste and glaze characteristics of Puebla

majolicas.


Nombre Tipológico:

REDWARE




UNKNOWN


1500-1750

Definir Atributos:

Orange to brick-red paste with small to medium mineral inclusions

Vessel exterior is generally smoothed

Decorations of incised lines are fairly common on 16th century vessels


BACIN

BOWL

JAR

LEBRILLO

Comentarios:

Redware is one of the most common unglazed coarse earthenwares in 16th and 17th century

colonial sites in the Americas. It is likely that the majority of Redware found on early colonial

sites was produced in Iberia. Local production of Redware in the Americas probably began in

the 17th century. Most Redware is of utilitarian vessel forms, but small, special function

vessels were also made.


Deagan 1987

Nombre Tipológico:

REY WARE




UNKNOWN


1725-1825

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact orange or tan paste, fine in texture and with few apparent mineral inclusions.

Vessel surfaces are well smoothed before glazing.

Thick, well-bonded and very reflective lead glaze on both surfaces. Colors include brown, rust,

orange, and occasionally olive green.

Sometimes decorated with a swirled or mottled underglaze design in dark brown.


BASIN

BOWL

JAR

PITCHER

PLATE

SAUCER

Comentarios:

Reyware is distinguished from El Morro ware and other Spanish lead-glazed coarse

earthenware by its hard, compact paste, and its smooth, highly reflective glazed surface. The

production origins of Reyware are uncertain, and the timing of its appearance on

archaeological sites in the circum-Caribbean area, as well as their similarity to English lead-

glazed wares, may imply that they are of English origin.


Deagan 1987; Smith 1962

Nombre Tipológico:

ROCKINGHAM WARE




UNITED STATES


1850-1950

Definir Atributos:

Thick, hard, compact, yellow paste

Body is often covered in a clear lead glaze, fired and covered with an additional brown

manganese glaze

The combinations of these two glazes result in a mottled look with the melting of the two

glazes


CROCK

JAR

PITCHER

POT

Comentarios:

Similar to yellowware


Gallo 1985

Nombre Tipológico:

ROMITA PLAIN


SLIPWARE


MEXICO


1500-1600

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact orange to reddish-brown paste

Surface is covered with an off-white to greenish-white slip covered in a thin, transparent lead

glaze


BASIN

BOWL

PLATE

Comentarios:

Lister and Lister (1982) classify Romita Plain as an Indigena ware. It is believed that this type is

of Native American manufacture, but copying European forms. Lister and Lister feel that this

may have been a cheap service ware that held up better than the more fragile majolicas.

Romita Plain production may have extended beyond the 16th century.



Nombre Tipológico:

ROMITA SGRAFFITO


SLIPWARE


MEXICO


1500-1600

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact orange to reddish-brown paste

Surface is covered with an off-white to greenish-white slip covered in a thin, transparent lead

glaze

Designs are etched into the slip and frequently painted with green or yellow

Decorative motifs on body include floral, anthropomorphic, zoomorphic, and flag designs

Rims often banded with corn, chain, curve, or geometric designs.


BASIN

BOWL

PLATE

Comentarios:

Lister and Lister (1982) classify Romita Plain as an Indigena ware. It is believed that this type is

of Native American manufacture, but copying European forms. Romita Sgraffito production

may have extended beyond the 16th century.



Nombre Tipológico: SAN AGUSTIN BLUE ON WHITE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: PUEBLA , MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1700-1750 Definir Atributos: Compact creamy white to pale peach or buff paste. A background enamel that is finer than the other Puebla majolicas chalky white in color, smooth, and glossy. Designs are usually painted in two colors of blue, a dark, rich cobalt blue and a light, pale blue Designs are intricate and generally cover the entire surface of the vessel. Motifs and include floral and geometric designs, and occasional anthropomorphic or zoomorphic motifs. the reverses of vessels are usually decorated with a series of overlapping blue arcs. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL BRIMMED PLATO JAR

Comentarios: San Agustin Blue on White is a fino (fine grade) majolica within the Puebla tradition, and overlaps with the fino Puebla Blue on White examples identified by Florence and Robert Lister. It is distinguished from Puebla Blue on White by its white (rather than off-white or cream-colored) background, its dark cobalt blue paint; and it’s complex design layouts. The lobe designs typical of Puebla Blue on White are less common on San Agustin Blue on White. Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Goggin 1968

Nombre Tipológico: SAN ELIZARIO POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: PUEBLA, MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1750-1850 Definir Atributos: Creamy white to pale peach or buff paste. Off-white or cream colored background enamel, with decoration in blue and black/brown. Designs include a wide blue rim band edged at top and base in black or brown. Blue lobe or dot-shaped pendant elements are suspended from the rim band, and short black lines detail the blue. The centers of plates typically feature a sketchy long-legged wading bird in blue, with black line details. The bird is occasionally painted in green or light brown. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL CUP PLATE SAUCER Comentarios:

San Elizario Polychrome is clearly part of the Puebla Blue on White majolica tradition. It is very similar to Puebla Blue on White, Black Variant, and is distinguished primarily by its distinctive rim band treatment and central motif. It has been reported most frequently from the southwestern United States. Definiciones Publicadas: Gerald 1968; Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

SAN JOSE POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:

Typically buff to orange colored paste with heavy sand tempering

Off-white enamel with decoration in orange and green

Most common decoration motif consists of bands in either orange or green and floral or dots

elements

Dark-brown to black may be present on floral elements


CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:

Seifert (1977) belives this type was probably produced in Puebla, Guanajuato, or Dolores

Hidalgo, Mexico.


Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

SAN LUIS BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1550-1650

Definir Atributos:

Paste is dense with little visible mineral tempering, and is usually orange-red in color. Cream-

colored paste occurs on later examples.

Background enamel is thick, reflective and off-white, sometimes with a grayish tint. It has a

tendency to craze and pinhole.

Decoration is painted in two shades of grayish-blue. The blue paint is often thick and slightly

raised in relief on the surface of vessels.

Motifs include large, stylized floral elements and leafs, sets of thin curved lines, dots, half

circles and lobes.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

San Luis Blue on White is part of the Mexico City "Fine Ware" majolica category, and is thought

to date to the second half of the sixteenth century. It does not appear regularly in Florida or

Caribbean contexts until after about 1575. The cream-colored paste is a later phenomenon,

and occurs in examples dating to the seventeenth century.


Goggin 1968; Lister and Lister 1982; Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico: SAN LUIS POLYCHROME Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: MEXICO CITY, MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1650-1750 Definir Atributos: Paste is tan or cream-colored, dense, and shows little visible mineral tempering. Background enamel is thinly-applied and off-white or tan in color. Decoration is painted primarily in dark green, with the central design framed by three narrow black or brown bands. The marlie design is also usually framed by framed by one to three narrow black or brown lines. A yellow rim band outlined in black is sometimes present, and decoration is occasionally highlighted with touches of orange or yellow. Design motifs include large, stylized floral and leaf elements, dots, elongated lobes and thick, curved lines. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL BRIMMED PLATO PLATO

Comentarios: San Luis Polychrome is part of the Mexico City "Common Grade" majolica category, and incorporates a wide range of variation in quality and design motifs. It is related to both Mexico City Green on Cream and to Aucilla Polychrome, and has not been reported from pre-1650 contexts. Definiciones Publicadas: Goggin 1968, Lister and Lister 1982, Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico: SANTA ELENA MOTTLED BLUE ON WHITE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: SPAIN, probably Seville Fecha de Producción: 1500-1600 Definir Atributos: Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky clay texture. Occasionally pink. Paste is the same as that of Columbia Plain. Off-white, cream, or grayish-white tin enamel, usually covering both sides of the vessel. Exterior surface is decorated with amorphous, mottled areas of spongy blue paint. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL JAR Comentarios: Santa Elena Mottled Blue on White is part of the 15th-16th century Sevillian "Morisco" majolica tradition. Defined on the basis of sherds from Santa Elena South Carolina (1566-1587), it has so far only been reported from that site, St. Augustine, Florida and Spain. It appears to have been most commonly made in heavy-bodied, utilitarian forms. Definiciones Publicadas: South Skowronek and Johnson 1988:240; Deagan 2002:61

Nombre Tipológico:

SANTA MARIA POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1650-1760

Definir Atributos:

Pinkish-tan to buff colored paste

Off-white to cream to yellowish background enamel, often thin enough for paste to show

through

Designs painted primarily in orange, green, and black or dark brown

Floral designs in central medallion and surrounding bands are the most common motifs

A central floral element of alternating green and orange petals surrounding an orange circle is

typical. Petals and central circle are outlined in black or dark brown.


PLATE

Comentarios:

Lister and Lister (1982) refer to the central floral design as a "whirligig". Decorations occur only

on the interior of Santa Maria Polychrome vessels.


Deagan 1987; Lister and Lister 1982

Nombre Tipológico:

SANTO DOMINGO BLUE ON WHITE Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: SPAIN, probably Seville Fecha de Producción: 1550-1630 Definir Atributos: Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky clay texture. Occasionally pink. Paste is the same as that of Columbia Plain. Off-white, cream, or grayish-white tin enamel, usually covering both sides of the vessel. The quality of the enamel varies widely among vessels, from thin, irregular and shiny, to thick, matte and smooth. Exterior surface decorated with blue, hand-painted, broadly stylistic floral designs that cover much of the vessel. A central medallion design is often present, surrounded by floral and curvilinear elements. Design motifs include dots, lobes, and framing and wavy lines. Everted bowl rims often have a blue dash design. Vessels are typically large and heavy-bodied, sometimes with narrow ridges. Forma del Recipiente :

BOWL JAR PITCHER PLATO Comentarios: Santo Domingo Blue on White is part of the 15th-16th century Sevillian “Morisco” majolica tradition, representing a largely utilitarian aspect. Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987; Fairbanks 1973; Goggin 1968; Lister and Lister 1982

Nombre Tipológico:

SEVILLA BLUE ON BLUE


MAJOLICA


SPAIN, probably Seville


1550-1630

Definir Atributos:

Yellow or pink-tinted compact paste with little evident temper. Vessel walls are thin and light.

Solid blue background enamel, with designs painted in darker blue. The paint used in

decoration often has a “foamy” or mottled appearance.

The background enamel can range from pale powder blue to a light cobalt blue, and may be

subject to slipping and pinholing. Finish is frequently matte or low gloss.

Design motifs consist of heavy and stylized elements, commonly floral and leaf motifs, birds,

animals, geometric patterns, and human heads. They are simpler and less carefully executed

than the designs on Ligurian Blue on Blue (see comments).

Overglaze yellow detail lines occur rarely.

Exterior of vessels are decorated by overlapping series of arches in dark blue.


BRIMMED PLATO

SHALLOW BOWL

TAZA

Comentarios:

Sevilla Blue on Blue was formerly included in the blue-on-blue majolica variety designated by

John Goggin as "Ichtuknee Blue on Blue", which also incorporated what is now known as

Ligurian Blue on Blue. It is a Sevillian product made in imitation of its Italian prototype, Ligurian

Blue on Blue. Sevilla Blue on Blue is distinguished from Ligurian Blue on Blue by its yellowish or

pinkish (as opposed to white or cream-colored) paste, its thinner background enamel, the

thicker heavier, lines used in painting, and the casual simplicity of its decoration. Sevilla Blue

on Blue appeared in New World sites around 1550; peaked in popularity at about 1600 and fell

into disuse at about 1630-1640.


Lister and Lister 1976, 1987; Deagan 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

SEVILLA BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


SPAIN


1530-1650

Definir Atributos:

Creamy yellow or sometimes rosy yellow compact paste.

Thick, white, glossy enamel glaze that often has fine crazing, fine black specks, pinholes or

firing marks.

Designs are painted in a light cobalt blue, and are small in scale, detailed and usually carefully

executed. Blue paint sometimes has a foamy appearance.

Motifs include floral elements, dots, stripes, short, thick lines and monograms.

Vessels are Italianate-style and ring-footed, with thin, light vessel walls.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

This ware has not been reported from New World sites other than Mexico



Nombre Tipológico:

SEVILLA WHITE


MAJOLICA


SPAIN


1530-1650

Definir Atributos:

Creamy yellow or sometimes rosy yellow compact paste.

Thick, white, glossy enamel glaze that often has fine crazing, fine black specks, pinholes or

firing marks.

Italianate-style, ring-footed vessels


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

Sevilla White is thought to have been produced in and exported from Seville, probably inspired

by the Italian ware, Faenza White.


Deagan 1987; Lister and Lister 1982

Nombre Tipológico: SIXTEENTH CENTURY LEAD-GLAZED REDWARE Categoría Cerámica: LEAD GLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: UNKNOWN, POSSIBLY SEVILLE Fecha de Producción: 1500-1600 Definir Atributos: Soft, very sandy, and friable paste, dark orange in color. Smooth, reflective lead glaze, usually on a single vessel surface, although glazing on both sides can occur. The glaze is typically brownish, light olive green, or brownish-orange, and tends to have a slightly speckled appearance. Forma del Recipiente : BOWL ESCUDILLA JAR PORRINGER Comentarios: This variety of lead glazed sandy red paste ware has been reported from sixteenth century sites in the Dominica Republic, Florida, Venezuela and Seville. Definiciones Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico:

SLIPWARE, MORAVIAN


SLIPWARE


UNITED STATES


1750-1825

Definir Atributos:

Coarse earthenware paste that varies in color from light red or orange, and less commonly,

buff and yellow.

Slip decoration could be trailed, marbled, overall slip washed, banded or sgraffito, using

combinations of white, yellow, light brown, dark brown and green. Green decoration was

usually applied over a base of white slip.

Designs include a wide variety of floral and zoomorphic motifs, as well as inscriptions, dates,

and abstract designs consisting of bands, stripes, squiggles, scrolls, dots and lobes.

Interiors of many hollow forms were covered in a white slip wash before decoration, and were

lead glazed over the slip decoration.


BOTTLE

BOWL

CANDLE HOLDER

CHAMBER POT

CUP

JAR

JUG

MUG

PAN

PITCHER

PLATE

POT

SAUCER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

Moravian slip-decorated wares are distinct from English Staffordshire slipwares in their red-

colored paste, their motifs, and their use of green decoration and highlighting. They were

produced by German potters who settled in North Carolina and Pennsylvania in the 18th

century, and the vessels exported widely in Eastern American by the late 18th century. For a

more specific chronology of decorative categories, see South (2004).


Bivins 1972; South 2004

Nombre Tipológico:

SLIPWARE, PISAN


SLIPWARE


ITALY


1600-1650

Definir Atributos:

Paste is thin, compact, hard and dark red in color.

Surface is covered with slip in swirled, marbleized patterns. Bichrome marbleized examples are

rust and yellow, and polychrome marbleized examples are rust, yellow, brown and sometimes

green.

A lead glaze is applied over the slip decoration.


PLATE

Comentarios:

The marbleized effect is achieved by coating the red body with a thin layer of white slip, or

layers of white, brown and green slip. The vessel is then shaken ("joggling") causing the slip to

swirl and produce a marbleized appearance.


Lister and Lister 1976b: 33-34; Deagan 2002: 47; Hurst, Neal and van Beuningen 1986

Nombre Tipológico:

SLIPWARE, POLYCHROME SGRAFFITO


SLIPWARE


SPAIN?


1400-1600?

Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

This ware is part of a long Islamic and Hispano-Moresque medieval slipware tradition that appears to have lost favor in Spain after the reconquista. In the Americas it has been reported only from the site of La Isabela (1493-1498).


Deagan and Cruxent 2002b:159

Nombre Tipológico: SLIPWARE, SGRAFFITO Categoría Cerámica: SLIPWARE Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND Fecha de Producción: 1650-1740 Definir Atributos: Paste is compact and red to light reddish-brown in color. Many examples have a thin grey core. Vessels are covered with a thin layer of slip, and patterns were incised through the slip to reveal the red body below. A lead glaze covered the slipped surface, giving a yellow color to the slip. Designs include, birds, animals, portraits, letters, naturalistic scenes, geometric, and floral patterns Forma del Recipiente : BOWL CANDLE HOLDER JUG, MUG, PITCHER , PLATE Comentarios: This incised slipware variety was probably produced in the North Devon area of England. Although common on 17th century English sites, it is rare on Spanish colonial sites. Definiciones Publicadas: Grant 1983; Noel Hume 1970; Outlaw 2002

Nombre Tipológico:

SLIPWARE, SLIP-TRAILED REDWARE


SLIPWARE


NORTH AMERICA


1750-1820

Definir Atributos:

Red to red-orange coarse earthenware paste.

Decoration is applied by slip-trailing in white, and is simple and geometric. Designs include

broad bands, stripes, loops and lobes.

The interior surface is covered with a clear lead glaze.

Vessel walls are generally heavy, reflecting the utilitarian nature of this pottery.


BOWL

CANDLE HOLDER

CHAMBER POT

JAR

JUG

PAN

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

SAUCER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

Simple, slip-trailed redware vessels were produced at several locations in the Anglo-American

colonies after 1750, initially by German potters who emigrated to Pennsylvania, New England

and North Carolina. The simple geometric band and loop decoration on utilitarian forms is

often referred to as "Philadelphia style", although as noted such wares were made in a number

of centers in Eastern North America. The are most common from the third quarter of the

eighteenth century into the first decades of the nineteenth century.


Bower 1985; Magid and Means 2003

Nombre Tipológico:

SLIPWARE, STAFFORDSHIRE-TYPE, ENGLISH


SLIPWARE


ENGLAND


1675-1770

Definir Atributos:

Paste is a coarse earthenware, buff or tan in color, often with visible mineral tempering.

Vessels can be either wheel-thrown or bat molded.

Surface is covered with white and/or brown slip, and decorated in a variety of ways. A lead

glaze is applied over the slip decoration, giving the pottery it’s characteristic yellow and brown

appearance.

Decoration methods include trailing slip designs, “jewelling” (placing dots of slip on bands of

contrasting color); combing, marbling (joggling), and impressed designs.

Platters are usually decorated only in one side, and typically have a crimped (“piecrust”) lip.


BOWL

CANDLE HOLDER

CHAMBER POT

CUP

MUG

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

POSSET CUP

Comentarios:

This yellow and brown slipware is associated with Staffordshire; however it was produced in

several centers in England. It was made in a wide variety of both utilitarian and tableware

forms.


http://www.jefpat.org/diagnostic/Historic_Ceramic_Web_Page/Historic_Main.htm; Erikson

and Hunter 2001; Grigsby 1993; Noel Hume 1970, 2001

Nombre Tipológico: SPANISH STORAGE JAR Categoría Cerámica: UNGLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: SPAIN Fecha de Producción: 1500-1800 Definir Atributos: Paste is coarse with incomplete compaction and medium sand temper. It ranges in color from light to dark terra-cotta. Well-fired examples are buff-colored. Exterior surfaces are poorly smoothed and unglazed. A “freckled” appearance created by the mineral temper, and a white firing effluvium may be present on the surface. Vessel walls are heavy (usually greater than 10 mm in thickness) and forms are utilitarian. Forma del Recipiente : BACIN STORAGE JAR Comentarios: "Spanish Storage Jar" serves as a catch-all category to describe utilitarian coarse earthenware vessels with Olive Jar paste, but in forms that are distinct from Olive Jars (such as straight sides, flat bases, wide mouths, etcetera). Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1976; Deagan 1987

Nombre Tipológico: STONEWARE, BLACK BASALT Categoría Cerámica: STONEWARE Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND Fecha de Producción: 1750-1820 Definir Atributos: Thin, fine-grained black stoneware body, usually unglazed. Vessels can be wheel thrown, slip cast or molded, and turned on a lathe. Vessels are often decorated with die-stamped relieves of rococo floral, animal and human figures; sprig-molded designs, or geometric engine turning. Forma del Recipiente : CUP SAUCER TEA POT VASE Comentarios: Black Basalt ware is a dry-bodied stoneware fired in an oxidizing atmosphere to produce a black fabric. It was originally used by Josiah Wedgwood for his famous Etruscan vases, and it continued later in use for such everyday items such as tea wares. Engine-turned designs date to after 1760. The black remained popular longer than the red Elers-Type stonewares, partially because it was fashionable to use it in times of mourning. Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, South 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

STONEWARE, BRISTOL GLAZE GINGER BEER BOTTLE


STONEWARE


ENGLAND and UNITED STATES


1835-1900

Definir Atributos:

Vitreous light grey or grayish-white stoneware paste.

Thick, very shiny surface glaze in off white and mustard gold. Bottles are typically dipped

vertically to produce a two-toned effect, with off white on the top or bottom half, and mustard

on the other.

The white slipped half may have black printed inscriptions identifying the manufacturer or the

product.


BOTTLE

Comentarios:

Bristol glazing was developed in Bristol, England in 1835, began to be used by American

stoneware potters soon afterwards. It soon replaced much of the brown salt glazed stoneware

that was used for utilitarian wares. Bristol Glaze is a feldspathic glaze-slip using zinc oxide, that

requires only a single firing. It is sometimes called "double glazed ware" because the two-

toned effect required dipping each vessel in the glaze two times. Although Bristol two-tone

pottery is most commonly reported in bottle forms from American archaeological sites, the

glaze is also found on stoneware crocks, jars and other utilitarian items.


Greer 1981 Noel Hume 2001:324

Nombre Tipológico:

STONEWARE, BROWN RHENISH


STONEWARE


GERMANY


1500-1700

Definir Atributos:

Hard, thin stoneware body, usually light grey in color. Pinkish-grey or tan stoneware paste may

also occur.

Exterior surface is salt-glazed, and light golden brown or ginger colored. The salt glazing results

in a fine, dimpled orange peel-like finish.

Form is the long-necked, bag-shaped body “bellarmine” jar, and these are wheel-thrown.

Decoration consists of applied molded relief elements including bearded male faces at the

neck, and heraldic or decorative medallions, flowers and leaves, and bands of inscription on

the body.


BELLARMINE JAR

Comentarios:

Brown Rhenish stoneware was produced primarily in the Rhine River valley of Germany and

the Low Countries of Europe. "Brown Cologne Stoneware" has been used to refer to these

brown stoneware jugs, however by the mid-16th century (after which most of this pottery

appears on American sites), the nearby town of Frechen had replaced Cologne as a pottery

center, and supplanted Raeren as the leading exporter of brown stoneware (Gaimster 1997).

Brown cologne stoneware jars are also known as Bellarmines, Bartmanns, and greybeards

because of the bearded male figures portrayed on the jar necks. In general, the precision and

quality of the applied molded elements declines through time, however a number of

exceptions to this trend have been documented.


Gaimster 1997; Noel Hume 1970, 2001:11-127; Klinge 19

Nombre Tipológico:

STONEWARE, BROWN SALT GLAZED, ENGLISH


STONEWARE


ENGLAND


1690-1775

Definir Atributos:

Thick, grey stoneware paste, often with a grainy appearance.

Vessels are dipped in brown slip, then salt glazed to produce a mottled, pebbly brown surface.

Interiors are usually unglazed.

Although usually undecorated, vessels can have impressed incised, or sprig-molded designs

indicating royal initials, capacity standards, or tavern symbols and owners.


CROCK

JUG

MUG

Comentarios:

English Brown Salt-glazed Stoneware is most commonly found in drinking vessel and serving

forms. It’s production is associated with Fulham, however since several other English

production centers were also active it is often referred to as "Fulham-type" ware. It largely

replaced Rhenish brown stoneware in England after 1700. By ca. 1730, American potters

began producing brown stoneware that was often indistinguishable from the English Fulham-

type. After ca. 1760, names on vessels were stamped rather than incised.


Noel Hume 1969; Hildyard 1985; Noel-Hume 2001

Nombre Tipológico: STONEWARE, ELERS-TYPE

Categoría Cerámica: STONEWARE

Lugar de

Producción: ENGLAND

Fecha de

Producción: 1690-1800

Definir Atributos: Thin, fine-grained stoneware body, usually dark red or brownish red in

color.

Can be wheel thrown, slip cast or molded, and turned on a lathe.

Unglazed surface.

Vessels are often decorated with die-stamped relieves of floral, animal

and human figures; sprig designs, or geometric engine turning

Forma del

Recipiente :

COFFEE POT

MUG

TEA POT

TEACUP

VASE

Comentarios: Also called "Dry-Bodied Stoneware", this fine red stoneware was first

produced in England in the late seventeenth century by John Dwight,

who patented wheel-thrown red stoneware vessels in 1684. They were

copied by the Dutch Elers brothers, who moved to Staffordshire and

continued to produce the red stoneware by slip casting until about

1700. There was a hiatus in production between ca. 1700 and ca. 1750,

when many Staffordshire potters, including Josiah Wedgewood, began

to produce both wheel thrown and molded dry bodied stoneware

vessels. The Engine turned pieces date from after 1760.

Definiciones

Publicadas:

Noel Hume 1970; South 1977; Elliott 1998;

http://www.jefpat.org/diagnostic/Historic_Ceramic_Web_Page/Historic

_Main.htm

Nombre Tipológico:

STONEWARE, NOTTINGHAM


STONEWARE


ENGLAND


1700-1810

Definir Atributos:

Thin, hard, grey, orange or buff stoneware paste.

Surface is brown and lustrous, often with a burnished metallic appearance produced by the

use of a lustrous brown slip under very fine salt glazing. Glaze color can vary from light brown

to dark brown.

Decoration can include applied grog or crumb elements, machine-turned and rouletted

patterns, applied molded elements, sprigging, piercing, and incised names, dates and floral

elements.

Fragments often have a thin white line separating the glaze and body.


BOWL

CUP

MUG

PITCHER

VASE

Comentarios:

Although referred to as Nottingham stoneware, this ceramic variety was also produced in

other parts of England such as Burslem, Staffordshire, Derbyshire, and Yorkshire. The typical

"orange peel" finish of salt-glazed wares is barely evident on Nottingham stoneware. Applied

crumb and grog design was used between about 1740 and 1780, and the use of molded,

pierced, sprigged and applied decoration developed around 1750. Incising and Engine turning

were used throughout the 18th century.


Noel Hume 1970, 2001; Oswald 1974

Nombre Tipológico:

STONEWARE, RHENISH BLUE AND GRAY


STONEWARE


GERMANY, RHINE VALLEY


1575-1775

Definir Atributos:

Very hard, compact and vitreous stoneware paste. Color is most commonly gray, although

grayish-tan paste also occurs.

Surface is salt-glazed, producing a shiny, gray, pebbly or “orange peel” finish.

Vessels are decorated with cobalt blue or manganese underglaze paint, in combination with

applied molded relief ornaments (sprig molds), incising, stamping, and rouletting.

Common stamped designs included hearts, circles, triangles, and floral motifs. See Comments

and references below for chronological subdivisions based on decoration.


CHAMBER POT

JAR

MUG

Comentarios:

Blue and gray stoneware developed in Raeren in the mid-16th century, and early examples

have been reported from Spanish colonial sites. Primary production shifted to the Westerwald

region by the end of the 16th century, and Westerwald blue and grey stonewares dominated

exports after that time. Westerwald wares were characterized by elaborate floral and

geometric designs in a combination of sprig moulding and combed lines. By the second quarter

of the 18th century, the decorations on Westerwald-type pieces were becoming more

schematic, relying on incised foliage, scrolls, and animals, with the outlines filled with blue.

Chronological indices include: Molded human figures and portraits: 1575-1630; Sprig-molded

and incised floral and geometric designs colored in cobalt blue: 1650-1725; Managanese

purple:1650-1775; Stamped and incised central medallion design with blue: 1700-1775; Royal

ciphers: WR (William III, 1688-1702) AR (Queen Anne, 1702-1714) or GR (George I & II , 1714-

1760)


Noel Hume 1970, 2001; Gaimster 1997; Klinge 1996

Nombre Tipológico: STONEWARE, WHITE SALT GLAZED Categoría Cerámica: STONEWARE Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND Fecha de Producción: 1720-1770 Definir Atributos: Thin, light grey or white, vitreous, dense stoneware paste. Salt-glazed surface, producing a glossy, white fine “orange peel” finish. When decorated, techniques include press molding, slip casting, engine turning, and incising. These were sometimes combined with overglaze painting and transfer printed designs. Early examples (before 1720) have grayer paste and are dipped into a thin white slip before firing, producing a slight division between glaze and body, and a diminution in orange peel finish. Dipped mugs often have a brown rim edge. After ca. 1740, molded plate rims in standardized patterns were introduced. Motifs include "dot, diaper and basket" (specimen #’s 100, 103, 105, 107-109) , "bead and reel"(#’s 101, 111), and "barley" (#’s 102,113,114). Forma del Recipiente : CUP PLATE

PLATTER TEA POT Comentarios: Although early, brown edged dipped white salt-glazed pieces stayed in production through much of the 18th century. Molded plate rim motifs after 1740 included "dot, diaper and basket" (specimen #’s 100, 103, 105, 107-109), "bead and reel"(#’s 101, 111), and "barley" (#’s 102,113,114). White salt-glazed stoneware tablewares were gradually superceded by refined earthenwares after ca. 1760. Definiciones Publicadas: http://www.jefpat.org/diagnostic/Historic_Ceramic_Web_Page/Historic_Main.htm; Noel Hume 1970, 2001

Nombre Tipológico: STONEWARE, WHITE SALT GLAZED, DEBASED SCRATCH BLUE

Categoría Cerámica: STONEWARE



Definir Atributos: Thin, grayish-white white, dense stoneware paste. Salt-glazed surface, producing a glossy, white fine “orange peel” finish. Incised geometric and floral designs that are filled with a heavy application of cobalt blue oxide. Excess pigment is left on the surface, producing cloudy blue areas outside of the incised design.

Forma del Recipiente : CHAMBER POT MUG PITCHER

Comentarios: This ware has been suggested (Noel Hume 2001) to have been an English version of Rhenish blue and gray stoneware. Although declining in popularity after 1795, it was produced until ca. 1820.

Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, 2001

Nombre Tipológico:

STONEWARE, WHITE SALT GLAZED, SCRATCH BLUE


STONEWARE


ENGLAND


1735-1775

Definir Atributos:

Thin, white, vitreous, dense stoneware paste.

Salt-glazed surface, producing a glossy, white fine “orange peel” finish.

Incised geometric and floral designs that are neatly filled with cobalt blue oxide. Excess

pigment outside of the thin, incised lines is wiped off.


CUP

PITCHER

PUNCH POT

SAUCER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

Between 1720 and 1740, the Occasionally the "scratch" design was filled with iron oxide rather

than cobalt blue. These are referred to as "Scratch Brown" Stoneware.


Noel Hume 1969

Nombre Tipológico:

TACUBA POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1550-1600

Definir Atributos:

Paste is dense with little visible mineral tempering, and is buff to light orange in color.

Background enamel is thick, reflective and off-white, with a tendency to craze and pinhole.

Decoration is painted in two shades of blue, with an occasional touch of yellow.

Rim band decoration usually consists of alternating sets of broad, slanted hatchures or fronds,

bordered by framing bands above and below.

The center of vessels is set off by several encircling lines surrounding floral, animal, bird and

occasionally human figures. Lobe, palmette and frond elements also occur.

Exterior may have two to three thin blue bands encircling the vessel.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

Tacuba Polychrome is part of the Mexico City "Fine Ware" majolica duction around 1540. It is

reminiscent of Talavera majolica in the emphasis on frond designs on the rim band.


Lister and Lister 1978, 1982, 1987

Nombre Tipológico:

TALAVERA TRADITION POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


SPAIN


1550-1600

Definir Atributos:

Cream-colored, chalky-textured paste.

White or creamy-white glossy background enamel.

Decoration in manganese, blue and yellow. Designs are typically human, animal, or floral

designs motifs outlined in manganese or purplish black, and painted in dark and light blue.

Open areas are often filled in with orange and yellow, sometimes with hatched lines.


PLATO

Comentarios:

Although polychromes of this type were produced in Talavera and Seville through much of the

sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, it has only been reported so far in the Americas from

sites dating to the second half of the sixteenth century.


Goggin 1968: 143, Deagan 2002: 66

Nombre Tipológico:

TALAVERA TRADITION, BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


TALAVERA, SPAIN, POSSIBLY MEXICO


1590-1750?

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact buff to cream-colored paste.

Glossy, smooth white tin enamel covering both the interior and exterior of the vessel.

Although the glaze is well bonded, it tends to be of uneven thickness, nearly showing through

to the paste in some places on the vessel, and quite thick in others.

Painted decoration in a light cobalt blue, emphasizing floral motifs made up of fronds, sets of

elongated dashes or lobes, as well as circles, scrolls, rays and dots. Designs typically cover the

vessels surface.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico:

TALAVERA WHITE


MAJOLICA


UNKNOWN


1500-1700

Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact buff to cream-colored paste.

Glossy, smooth white tin enamel covering both the interior and exterior of the vessel.

Although the glaze is well bonded, it tends to be of uneven thickness, nearly showing through

to the paste in some places on the vessel, and quite thick in others.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

Comentarios:

This variety of undecorated Spanish white majolica is not formally described in the literature,

but was collected by the Listers at Puente de Arzobispo, Talavera, Spain, and designated as

Talavera White in their collection.


Nombre Tipológico:

TETEPANTLA BLACK ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1800-1850

Definir Atributos:

Paste can be tan or salmon colored, and is sand tempered.

Background enamel is glossy, smooth and off-white, and is painted with black or brown

designs.

A wavy rim band or wavy helix with associated dots is common along the rim, and central

designs can include floral, bird and geometric motifs.

Decoration occurs in either or both black and brown to dark-brown.


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:



Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

TETEPANTLA POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:

Buff to orange colored paste

Off-white background enamel with decorations in yellow or orange and brown to dark-brown

Rim and upper body typically have two sets of double bands surrounding crude floral elements

Central medallion often has floral design


BOWL

PLATE

Comentarios:



Seifert 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

TLALPAN BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1550- 1600?

Definir Atributos:

Coarse, sandy brick-red paste.

Moderately thick off-white tin enamel, that is thinner on reverse of vessels. The Glaze is highly

subject to crazing, pinholing and crawling.

Decoration is limited to blue lines or band encircling the vessels below the rim, and around the

central area.


BOWL

JAR

PLATE

PLATTER

PORRINGER

Comentarios:

Tlalpan Blue on White is part of the Valle Ware category of majolica that was made in Mexico

City during the second half of the sixteenth century. Valle Ware is considered to be a cheap,

lower quality version of the Mexico City Wares described by Lister and Lister (1982:30). It

differs from the Mexico City Wares in its sandie, redder paste, and poor quality of

craftsmanship and glaze application. Tlalpan Blue on White is reminiscent of the contemporary

Sevillian Yayal Blue on White in its emphasis on banding.



Nombre Tipológico:

TLALPAN WHITE


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1550- 1600?

Definir Atributos:

Coarse, sandy brick-red paste.

Moderately thick off-white tin enamel, that is thinner on reverse of vessels. The Glaze is highly

subject to crazing, pinholing and crawling.

Vessels are undecorated, but molded scalloped lug handles are common porringers.


BOWL

BRIMMED PLATO

PLATE

Comentarios:

Tlalpan White is part of the Valle Ware category of majolica that was made in Mexico City

during the second half of the sixteenth century. Valle Ware is considered to be a cheap, lower

quality version of the Mexico City Wares described by Lister and Lister (1982:30). It differs

from the Mexico City Wares in its sandier, redder paste, and poor quality of craftsmanship and

glaze application.



Nombre Tipológico:

TUMACACORI POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1780-1860

Definir Atributos:

Paste is typically cream to buff/tan in color with heavy sand tempering

Light blue background enamel with designs in dark brown/black, blue, green, yellow, and

orange

Typically designs include a wavy line surrounded by dots and floral motifs

Designs are placed around the rims, in the center of vessles, and sometimes in Chinese-

inspried reserved panels

Plates often have molded, undulating rims


CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:

Barnes (1972) recognizes three varieties: Tumacacori I, 1780-1820, cahracterized by a thin,

wavy black line with alternating blue and green floral elements above and below it;

Tumacacori II, 1810-1840, characterized by a wavy black line with blue dots at the highest and

lowest points of the line; and Tumuacacori III, 1830-1860, characterized by green dots outlined

in black, which are surrounded by blue dots connected by stemlike black lines.


Barnes 1972; Deagan 1987; Goggin 1968; May 1972, 1976

Nombre Tipológico:

UNDESCRIBED BROWN-SLIPPED WHITE MAJOLICA


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO?


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:



The exterior surfaces of vessels are covered with a thin, chocolate-brown slip, which can be

slightly swirled to produce a light, brown and white marbled effect.

Only ring-footed cup forms have been reported so far.


CUP

Comentarios:

This majolica type was part of the Lister’s Mexico collection, and is thought to have been of the

Puebla majolica tradition.


Nombre Tipológico:

UNGLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE (GENERIC)




VARIOUS


1490-1900

Definir Atributos:

Coarse, mineral tempered, and incompletely compacted paste.

Unglazed surfaces, that may be smoothed, or show evidence of firing effluvium.

Occurs in virtually all described utilitarian forms, as well as plates, platters and bowls.


Comentarios:

Unglazed Coarse Earthenware is not a ceramic type, but rather a broad generic category that

incorporates unglazed, coarse earthenware pottery that does not conform to existing type

descriptions. Formal and associational attributes are critical to interpreting such vessels.


Nombre Tipológico: UNIDENTIFIED BLUE ON BLUE MAJOLICA Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: UNKNOWN Fecha de Producción: Definir Atributos: Forma del Recipiente : Comentarios: Definiciones Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED BLUE ON WHITE MAJOLICA, IBERIA


MAJOLICA


IBERIA


Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

This is a general category that incorporates examples that do not confirm to existing type

definitions, but which are contextually of clear Iberia origin. They have been either collected at

Iberian sites, or excavated from early sixteenth century American contexts.


Nombre Tipológico: UNIDENTIFIED BLUE ON WHITE MAJOLICA, MEXICO CITY TRADITION Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: Fecha de Producción: Definir Atributos: Forma del Recipiente : Comentarios: These sherds collected by Robert and Florence Lister were identified as belonging to the Mexico City ceramic tradition. Definiciones Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED BLUE ON WHITE MAJOLICA, PUEBLA TRADITION


MAJOLICA



1750-1850

Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

This is a general category that incorporates sherds that have been identified by Florence and

Robert Lister as belonging to the general Puebla tradition of majolica production. They vary

from published descriptions of specific Blue on White Puebla types, however, in details of

design motif, paste composition or background enamel.


Nombre Tipológico: UNIDENTIFIED GREEN ON WHITE MAJOLICA, PUEBLA TRADITION Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: Fecha de Producción: 1800-1900 Definir Atributos: Forma del Recipiente : Comentarios: This undescribed type was collected by Robert and Florence Lister. Definiciones Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico: UNIDENTIFIED GREEN ON WHITE MAJOLICA, SPAIN Categoría Cerámica: MAJOLICA Lugar de Producción: SPAIN Fecha de Producción: Definir Atributos: Forma del Recipiente : Comentarios: Definiciones Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED POLYCHROME MAJOLICA, IBERIAN


MAJOLICA


IBERIA


Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED POLYCHROME MAJOLICA, MEXICO


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED POLYCHROME MAJOLICA, MEXICO (19th CENTURY)


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1800-1900

Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

These examples of polychrome majolica were produced after the late 18th century in a variety

of centers in Mexico, including Oaxaca and Guanajuato as well as Mexico City and Puebla. They

were considered unidentified by Florence and Robert Lister. Many are similar to bit not

precisely conforming to published descriptions of nineteenth century Mexican majolicas

published in Barnes and May (1972) Cohen- Williams (1992) Seifert (1977) and Williams and

Cohen-Williams (2004).


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED POLYCHROME MAJOLICA, MEXICO CITY TRADITION


MAJOLICA



Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

These sherds collected by Robert and Florence Lister were identified as belonging to the

Mexico City ceramic tradition.


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED POLYCHROME MAJOLICA, PUEBLA TRADITION


MAJOLICA



Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

These sherds collected by Robert and Florence Lister were identified as belonging to the

Puebla ceramic tradition.


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED REFINED EARTHENWARE


REFINED EARTHENWARE


UNKNOWN


Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico: UNIDENTIFIED TIN ENAMELED WARE, CHINESE Categoría Cerámica: TIN ENAMELED COARSE EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: CHINA Fecha de Producción: Definir Atributos: Very hard, compact cream colored paste Relatively thick, off-white tin enamel covering the entire vessel Tin enamel demonstrates crazing throughout Molded linear design on exterior of vessel Forma del Recipiente : BOWL Comentarios: This tin enameled ware was identified as being of Chinese production origin by Jean Mudge. Definiciones Publicadas:

Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED TIN ENAMELED WARE, DUTCH


TIN ENAMELED COARSE EARTHENWARE


HOLLAND


Definir Atributos:

Hard, compact buff to cream colored paste

Background tin enamel is typically off-white, but exterior enamel may be clear or translucent

making surface appear cream colored

Designs are hand painted in blue, light blue, dark blue, and purple

Design motifs typically include random curves, splotches, and dots. These may be part of larger

crude, floral designs

Rim motifs oftern consist of diagonal dashes, curves, and dots in a band


BOWL

PLATE

Comentarios:


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED WHITE MAJOLICA, MEXICO CITY TRADITION


MAJOLICA


MEXICO CITY, MEXICO


1550-1700

Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

These plain white majolica sherds, although not specifically identified in the Lister Collection as

belonging to already-defined types, are thought to share the general characteristic of paste

and enamel associated with the Mexico City majolica tradition.


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED WHITE MAJOLICA, PUEBLA TRADITION


MAJOLICA


PUEBLA, MEXICO


1650-1850

Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

These plain white majolica sherds, although not specifically identified in the Lister Collection as

belonging to already-defined types, are thought to share the general characteristic of paste

and enamel associated with the Puebla, Mexico majolica tradition.


Nombre Tipológico:

UNIDENTIFIED WHITE MAJOLICA, SPAIN


MAJOLICA


SPAIN


Definir Atributos:


Comentarios:

These Plain White Majolica sherds were collected at various sites in Spain and do not conform

to already-described types.


Nombre Tipológico:

VENTURA POLYCHROME


MAJOLICA


MEXICO


1821-1834

Definir Atributos:

Hard paste, buff to orange or reddish in color

Off-shite background enamel, with decoration typically in green and dark brown or black

Most common motif consists of green bands surround two to three wavy black lines that cross

each other

Floral designs in yellow or reddish-orange and random green dots are also known to occur

Rims of plates are frequently are scalloped or undulating


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

Comentarios:

May (1976) states that the date range for Ventura Polychrome is provisional only. It is likely

that this type was produced in Puebla and possibly Mexico City as well.


May 1976

Nombre Tipológico:

WHIELDON WARE


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1740-1770

Definir Atributos:

White to light cream colored, thin, hard, compact paste

Background glaze is cream to off-white in color

May have yellowish to greenish cast where glaze pools

Mottled and spattered designs in purple, blue, brown, yellow, green and grey


PLATE

PLATTER

TEA POT

Comentarios:

Whieldonware is the first of the refined earthenwares and as such is found in the same mold

patterns as those used in white salt glazed stoneware, including barley, bead and reel, and dot,

diaper and basket. This type is also known as "clouded" ware.


Noel Hume 1969, South 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

WHIELDON WARE, CAULIFLOWER PATTERNED


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1740-1770

Definir Atributos:

White to light cream colored, thin, hard, compact paste

Background glaze is cream to off-white in color

May have yellowish to greenish cast where glaze pools

Mottled and spattered designs in purple, blue, brown, yellow, green and grey

Tureen lids are molded into the shape of a head of cauliflower


TUREEN

Comentarios:

Whieldonware is the first of the refined earthenwares and as such is found in the same mold

patterns as those used in white salt glazed stoneware, including barley, bead and reel, and dot,

diaper and basket. This type is also known as "clouded" ware.


Noel Hume 1969, South 1977

Nombre Tipológico: WHIELDON WARE, PINEAPPLE PATTERNED Categoría Cerámica: REFINED EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND Fecha de Producción: 1740-1770 Definir Atributos: White to light cream colored, thin, hard, compact paste Background glaze is cream to off-white in color May have yellowish to greenish cast where glaze pools Mottled and spattered designs in purple, blue, brown, yellow, green and grey Tureen lids are molded into the shape of a pineapple Forma del Recipiente : TUREEN Comentarios: Whieldonware is the first of the refined earthenwares and as such is found in the same mold patterns as those used in white salt glazed stoneware, including barley, bead and reel, and dot, diaper and basket. This type is also known as "clouded" ware. Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969, South 1977

Nombre Tipológico:

WHITEWARE, HAND PAINTED


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1830-present

Definir Atributos:

White to off white colored, thin, hard, compact paste

Clear lead glaze, background is pure, paper white

Glaze in clear to light grey where is pools, and may also be slightly bluish

Hand painted and sponged floral and geometric patterns in bright colors

Colors include blue, reddish-pink, green, pruple, orange and pink


BOWL

CUP

JAR

PITCHER

PLATE

PLATTER

TEA POT

TUREEN

Comentarios:

Flow painted in blue and purple, cut sponge designs and sprig painted wares gain popularity

around 1840. Large painted floral polychrome designs in table and tea wares gain popularity in

the 1870's.


South 1977, Miller 1991

Nombre Tipológico: WHITEWARE, OVERGLAZED Categoría Cerámica: REFINED EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND Fecha de Producción: 1870-present Definir Atributos: White to off white colored, thin, hard, compact paste Clear lead glaze, background is pure, paper white Glaze in clear to light grey where is pools, may also appear slightly bluish Guilded band around rim Forma del Recipiente : BOWL CUP PLATE PLATTER TEA POT Comentarios: Liquid bright gold became available in 1836, but was not used by the potteries of Staffordshire until 1870, and at that point it began being used on cheaper wares. Definiciones Publicadas: South 1977, Miller 1991

Nombre Tipológico:

WHITEWARE, PLAIN


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1830-present

Definir Atributos:



Glaze in clear to light grey where is pools, may also be slightly bluish

Blue tints may also added to the glaze, to achieve a similar appearance to pearlwares


BOWL

CUP

PLATE

PLATTER

TEA POT

Comentarios:


South 1977, Miller 1991

Nombre Tipológico:

WHITEWARE, TRANSFER PRINTED


REFINED EARTHENWARE


ENGLAND


1830-present

Definir Atributos:



Glaze in clear to light grey where is pools, may also be slightly bluish

Transfer printed designs made up of many tiny dots in red, pink, green, blue, brown and black


BOWL

PLATE

PLATTER

Comentarios:

After 1850, Willow pattern is used for tea as well as table wares. During the 1830's romantic

views were the most popular motiff, and after 1870 Japanese styles gained popularity in

brown designs on ivory backgrounds.


South 1977, Miller 1991, Samford 1997

Nombre Tipológico:

YAYAL BLUE ON WHITE


MAJOLICA


SPAIN


1490-1625

Definir Atributos:

Light cream to buff paste color, with a soft, chalky, spongy clay texture.

Concentric blue bands encircle the interior of the vessel

Occasionally a crude central medallion design based on a palmette, parallel crisscrossed lines,

and inscriptions


BACIN

BOWL

ESCUDILLA

JAR

PLATO

Comentarios:

Early examples generally have a lighter color of blue than that on late examples. Although

Yayal Blue on White existed during the early seventeenth century it appears to have reached a

peak of popularity around 1550.


Deagan 1987; Fairbanks 1973; Goggin 1968; Lister and Lister 1982

Nombre Tipológico: YELLOW WARE Categoría Cerámica: REFINED EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: ENGLAND Fecha de Producción: 1840-20th century Definir Atributos: Very hard, compact buff colored refined earthenware paste Transparent lead glaze makes interior and exterior appear yellowish May be plain or decorated Decorative techniques include slip decorating, painting, and molding Forma del Recipiente : BOWL CHAMBER POT Comentarios: Definiciones Publicadas: Noel Hume 1969; South 1977; www.stmarys.ca/academic/arts/anthropology/sdavis/ceramics/

Nombre Tipológico: YUCATAN COLONIAL Categoría Cerámica: UNGLAZED COARSE EARTHENWARE Lugar de Producción: YUCATAN, MEXICO Fecha de Producción: 1570-1650 Definir Atributos: Paste is usually cream colored and gritty with limestone tempering Exterior has a smoothed, polished orange finish Orange finish has tendency to wear off irregularly producing a speckled appearance Forma del Recipiente : JAR Comentarios: Definiciones Publicadas: Deagan 1987

Glosario cerámica

TIPO DE PASTA

coarse earthenware

refined earthenware

stoneware

porcelain

COLOR DE PASTA

black

buff/tan/cream

grey

orange, light

orange/brown/red

red and white

white

COLOR DE PASTA

black

buff/tan/cream

grey

orange, light

orange/brown/red

red and white

white

ACABADO DE LA SUPERFICIE/VIDRADO

lead opaque

lead transparent

salt alkaline

salt glazed

slipped lead

tin enamelled

tin enamelled lead

unglazed

unglazed polished

TÉCNICA DECORATIVA

applique element

appliqued and incised

applliqued, gilded, and molded

crumb applique

dipped

gilded and appliqued

hand painted

hand painted and inlaid

hand painted and incised

hand painted and impressed

hand painted and molded

incised

inlaid

inlaid and incised

inlaid and molded

molded and incised

lost wax

molded

molded and puntated

molded and spattered

molded and stamped

molded and painted

molded and appliqued

molded and gilded

overglazed hand painted

sgraffito

slip decorated

spattered

sponged

sponged and painted

stenciled

transfer printed

COLOR DE FONDO / COLOR DE DISEÑO

BLACK

BLUE

BLUE, LIGHT

BLUE-GREEN (AQUA)

BROWN/MANGANESE BROWN

GOLD/MUSTARD/HONEY

GREEN

GREEN, LIGHT

GREY

OFF-WHITE/CREAM/BUFF

PINK

PURPLE/MANGANESE

RED

RUST/TERRA COTTA

WHITE/BLUE-WHITE

YELLOW/ORANGE

MOTIVO DECORATIVO

alafia

anthropomorphic

baartmann

balloons

banded

barley

basketry

bone

cavettos

checkered

checkered

chevron

chinoiserie

circle

classical

combed and trailed

crosshatch

curves

dashes

dentric

diaper

dot diaper basket

dots

finger painted

floral crude

floral design precise

flow blue

fruit

geometric

lace

letters

letter-like

linear

line and dot

lobes

marbled

mottled

overlapping arcs

palmette

pierced

pinwheel

rope-like

scenic, landscape

scenic, historic

scenic, garden

scales

spiral

splotch

sponged

trailed

vegetable

wavy line

zoomorphic1

MOTIVO DEL BORDE

arcs

banded

bead

bead spearhead

circles/dots

curves

dashes

dots

feather edged

fern-like

floral, precise

floral, crude

geometric

lace-like

linear

lobes

marbled

oblique parallel

royal pattern

shell edged

splotch

stem leaf

COLOR DE FONDO / COLOR DE DISEÑO

BLACK

BLUE

BLUE, LIGHT

BLUE-GREEN (AQUA)

BROWN/MANGANESE BROWN

GOLD/MUSTARD/HONEY

GREEN

GREEN, LIGHT

GREY

OFF-WHITE/CREAM/BUFF

PINK

PURPLE/MANGANESE

RED

RUST/TERRA COTTA

WHITE/BLUE-WHITE

YELLOW/ORANGE

FORMA DEL RECIPIENTE

albarelo

bacin

bellarmine jug

boit jar

bottle

bowl

brimmed plato

candle holder

cantimplora

chamber pot

cream pan

crock

cup

cuspidor

escudilla

ewer

flower pot

harvest bottle

inkwell

jarro

jug

lebrillo

mortar

mug

pan

pitcher

plate

plato

pocillo

porringer

posset cup

pot

punch pot

saucer

shallow bowl

small storage jar

taza

teapot

tureen

Base

Tipología Ceramica

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Transcript of Tipología Ceramica