TIA314 Otomasi Sistem Produksi Pekan ke-7: Programmable Logic Controller

1

Jurusan Teknik Industri, Universitas Andalas

TIA314 Otomasi Sistem Produksi, Pekan #6

TIA314

Otomasi Sistem Produksi

Pekan ke-7:

Programmable Logic Controller

Jurusan Teknik Industri

Universitas Andalas



Hasil Pembelajaran

• Umum

� Mahasiwa mampu untuk melakukan proses perancangan sistem otomasi, sistem mesin NC, serta merancang danmengimplementasikan sistem kontrol logika.

• Khusus

� Memahami fungsi PLC serta komponen-komponen PLC

2

2



Sejarah PLC

• First Programmable Logic Controllers were designed anddeveloped by Modicon as a relay replacer for GM andLandis.

• These controllers eliminated the need for rewiring and adding additional hardware for each new configuration of logic.

• The new system drastically increased the functionality of the controls while reducing the cabinet space that housed the logic.

• The first PLC, model 084, was invented by Dick Morley in1969.

• The first commercial successful PLC, the 184, wasintroduced in 1973 which was designed by MichaelGreenberg.

3



Definisi

• Definition:

� “small computers, dedicated to automation tasks in anindustrial environment"

• Formerly:

� cabled relay control (hence 'logic'), analog (pneumatic,hydraulic) “governors”

4

3



Definisi

• National Electrical Manufacturing Association (NEMA)

� "A digitally operating electronic apparatus which uses aprogrammable memory for the internal storage of instructions by implementing specific functions such as logic sequencing, timing, counting, and arithmetic to control, through digital or analog input/output modules, various types of machines or processes”

5



PLC Sederhana

6

4



Contoh: turbine control (in the test lab)

7



PLC: Location in the control architecture

8

5



Jenis PLC

1. Compact

� Monolithic construction

� Monoprocessor

� Fieldbus connection

– Fixed casing

– Fixed number of I/O (most of them binary)

– No process computer capabilities (no MMC)

– Typical product: Mitsubishi MELSEC F, ABB AC31, SIMATIC S7

2. Modular PLC

• Modular construction (backplane)

• One- or multiprocessor system

• Fieldbus and LAN connection

� 3U or 6U rack, sometimes DIN-rail

� Large variety of input/output boards

� Connection to serial bus

� Small MMC function possible

� Typical products: SIMATIC S5-115, Hitachi H-Serie, ABB AC110

9



Jenis PLC

3. Soft-PLC• Windows NT or CE-based automation products

• Direct use of CPU or co-processors

10

6



Jenis PLC

11



Jenis PLC

12

7



Jenis PLC

13



Fungsi Pengendali

1. On-off control,

2. Sequential control,

3. Feedback control, and

4. Motion control.

14

8



Konfigurasi PLC

15



What devices does a PLC interact with?

• INPUT RELAYS-(contacts)These are connected to the outside world. They physically exist and receive signals from switches, sensors, etc. Typically they are not relays but rather they are transistors.

• INTERNAL UTILITY RELAYS-(contacts) These do not receive signals from the outside world nor do they physically exist. They are simulated relays and are what enables a PLC to eliminate external relays. There are also some special relays that are dedicated to performing only one task. Some are always on while some are always off. Some are on only once during power-on and are typically used for initializing data that was stored.

• COUNTERS-These again do not physically exist. They are simulated counters and they can be programmed to count pulses. Typically these counters can count up, down or both up and down. Since they are simulated they are limited in their counting speed. Some manufacturers also include high speed counters that are hardware based. We can think ofthese as physically existing. Most times these counters can count up, down or up and down.

16

9



What devices does a PLC interact with?

• TIMERS-These also do not physically exist. They come in manyvarieties and increments. The most common type is an on-delaytype. Others include off-delay and both retentive and nonretentive types. Increments vary from 1ms through 1s.

• OUTPUT RELAYS-(coils)These are connected to the outside world.They physically exist and send on/off signals to solenoids, lights,etc. They can be transistors, relays, or triacs depending upon themodel chosen.

• DATA STORAGE-Typically there are registers assigned to simplystore data. They are usually used as temporary storage for mathor data manipulation. They can also typically be used to storedata when power is removed from the PLC. Upon power-up theywill still have the same contents as before power was removed.Very convenient and necessary!!

17



COUNTER

• Digital counters output in the form of a relay contact when a preassigned count value is reached.

18

10



TIMER

• A timer consists of an internal clock, a count value register, and an accumulator. It is used for or some timing purpose.

19



PLC COMPONENTS

1. Processor Microprocessor based, may allow arithmetic operations, logic operators, block memory moves, computer interface, local area network, functions, etc.

2. Memory Measured in words.� ROM (Read Only Memory),

� RAM (Random Access Memory),

� PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory),

� EEPROM (Electronically Erasable Programmable ROM),

� EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory),

� EAPROM (Electronically Alterable Programmable Read Only Memory), and

� Bubble Memory.

20

11



PLC COMPONENTS

3.I/O Modular plug-in periphery AC voltage input and output, DC voltage input and output, Low level analog input, High level analog input and output, Special purpose modules, e.g.., high speed timers, Stepping motor controllers, etc. PID, Motion

4.Power supply AC power5.Peripheral

Hand held programmer (loader), CRT programmer, Operator console, Printer, Simulator, EPROM loader, Cassette loader, Graphics processor, and Network communication interface. MAP, LAN

21



Programming the PLC

• Types of Programming Software Languages

� Ladder Logic (LL)

� IEC Format

– Function Block Diagram (FBD)

– Structured Text (ST)

– Instruction List (IL)

– Ladder Diagram (LD)

– Sequential Function Chart (SFC) - also known as “Grafcet”

22

12



LADDER DIAGRAM

• A ladder diagram (also called contact symbology) is a means of graphically representing the logic required in a relay logic system.

23



PLC WIRING DIAGRAM

24

TIA314 Otomasi Sistem Produksi Pekan ke-7: Programmable Logic Controller

Documents

Transcript of TIA314 Otomasi Sistem Produksi Pekan ke-7: Programmable Logic Controller