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brhš

bga®¢brhš

bjhê‰bga®

khjé Mlšf©L nfhty‹ k»oeªjh‹.

Ϥbjhlçš cŸs bga®¢brh‰fŸ, éid¢brh‰fŸ, bjhê‰bga®fis m¿nth«.

khjé, nfhty‹ - Ïit bga®¢brh‰fŸ

f©L, k»oeªjh‹ - Ïit éid¢brh‰fŸ

Mlš - v‹gJ bjhê‰ bga®.

mWtif¥ bga®¢brh‰fSŸ bjhê‰bgaU« x‹W v‹gjid K‹tF¥Ãnyna

f‰¿U¡»Ö®fŸ. Mlš - v‹gJ MLjš v‹D« bjhêiy¡ F¿¥gjdhš, mJ

bjhê‰bga® vd¥g£lJ.

ML + mš = Mlš. mš - v‹gJ bjhê‰ bga® éFÂ. Ï›thW bjhê‰bgaiu¡ F¿¡f

tU« éFÂfŸ: jš, mš, m«, I, if, it, F, ò, c, Â, Á, é, cŸ, fhL, ghL, muÎ, Mid,

ik, J, Mš v‹gd.

éid¥gFÂnahL nk‰F¿¤j éFÂfis¢ nr®¤jhš bjhê‰bgauhF«.

(v.fh.) bgWjš = bgW + jš nfhlš = nfhL + mš

M£l« = ML + m« bfhiy = bfhš + I

thoe¡if = thoe + if gwit = gw + it

ngh¡F = ngh + F òë¥ò = òë + ò

tuÎ = tu + c kw = kw + Â

cz®¢Á = cz® + Á òyé = òy + é

brOEÍŸ = brOE + cŸ rh¡fhL = rh + fhL

nfh£ghL = nfhŸ + ghL njh‰wuÎ = njh‰W + muÎ

nfshid = nfŸ + Mid elthik = el+ M + ik

ghOE¤J = ghOE + J. jhHhš = jhoe + Mš

bjhê‰bga® tiffŸ

bjhê‰bga® ÏUtif¥gL«.

1. Kjåiy¤ bjhê‰bga® 2. Kjåiy Âçªj bjhê‰bga®

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1. Kjåiy¤ bjhê‰bga®

bjhê‰bga® éFÂfns Ïšyhkš, gF k£L« tªJ, bjhêiy cz®¤Jtj‰F

Kjåiy¤ bjhê‰bga® vd¥ bga®.

(v.fh.) fÃyD¡F mo éGªjJ.

Ϥbjhlçš mo, v‹gJ éFÂbgwhkš, gFÂahOE ã‹W bjhêiy cz®¤J»wJ.

2. Kjåiy Âçªj bjhê‰bga®

bjhê‰bgaç‹ Kjåiyah»a gF ÂçªJ tUtJ Kjåiy Âçªj bjhê‰bgauhF«.

(v.fh.) m¿t¿ªj k¡f£ ngW.

mtD¡F v‹d nfL?

ϧF¥ ‘bgW’, bfL v‹D« KjåiyfŸ ‘ngW’, ‘nfL’ vd¤ ÂçªJ ‘bgWjš’, `bfLjš’

v‹D« bghUis cz®¤J»‹wd.

éidahyizÍ« bga®

KUf‹ gçR bg‰wh‹.

gçR bg‰whid¥ ghuh£od®.

Ï›éU bjhlçY«, bg‰wh‹ v‹D« éid¢brhš tªJŸsJ.

Kjš bjhlçYŸs bg‰wh‹ v‹gJ, KUf‹ v‹D« vGthOE¡F¥ gaåiyahf

tªJŸsJ.

Ïu©lhtJ bjhlçš cŸs ‘bg‰whid’ v‹gJ KUfid¡ F¿¡F« bgauhf

tªJŸsJ. Ï›thW éidK‰W, éidia¡ F¿¡fhkš éidbrOEjtiu¡ F¿¥gJ

éidahyizÍ« bga® vd¥gL«. ÏJ éid¡Fça fhy« fh£L«; bga®¡Fça

nt‰Wik cUòfisÍ« bg‰W tU«.

bg‰whid - Ïwªjfhy«

bgW»‹whid - ãfoefhy«

bgWthid - v®fhy«

bg‰wh‹ + I vd, Ïu©lh« nt‰Wik cUghd I V‰W tªJŸsik fh©f.

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bjhê‰bga®¡F« éidahyizÍ« bga®¡F« cŸs ntWghLfŸ

g©ò¥ bga®

g©ig cz®¤J« bga® g©ò¥ bga®. mWtif¥ bgaUŸ x‹whd g©ò¥ bga® ãw«,

Rit, msÎ, tot« M»at‰¿‹ mo¥gilæš njh‹W«.

1. br«ik, bt©ik, fUik - ãw¥g©ò

2. t£l«, rJu«, T«ò, br›tf« - tot¥g©ò

3. x‹W, miu, »nyhÛ£l® - msÎ¥g©ò

4. fhu«, òë¥ò, Ïå¥ò - Rit¥g©ò

g©ò¥ bga® éFÂfŸ

ik, I, Á, ò, c, F, ¿, W, m«, m®, g«, J v‹gd g©ò¥bga® éFÂfŸ.

(v.fh.) e‹ik = eš + ik e‹¿ = eš + ¿

bjhšiy = bjhš + I e‹W = eš + W

kh£Á = kh© + Á ey« = eš + m«

kh©ò = kh© + ò e‹d® = eš + m®

kHÎ = kH + c £g« = © + g«

e‹F = eš + F ÔJ = Ôik + J

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