Tankers General information

Tankers
General information
More information is found in the following documents:• Selecting the subframe and attachment• Subframe design• Discomfort caused by vibrations• Axle weight calculations• Weighing equipment

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General informationTankers are used to transport liquids, for example petroleum products, liquid chem-icals and milk.

The bodywork is regarded as being extra torsionally rigid.

The instructions in this document were developed to optimise the vehicle with regard to the following factors:

• Lowest possible sensitivity to frame oscillations that cause discomfort

• Load sharing

• Selection of attachment type and the location of attachments

The instructions assume that the bodywork is designed as an extra torsionally rigid and bend rigid unit.

Note:To ensure minimum level of frame oscillations that cause discomfort, the vehicle must be test-driven with its bodywork completed. Test driving must be carried out with a full load, partial load and without load as it cannot be predicted when any frame oscillations that cause discomfort will occur.

More information on troubleshooting and the elimination of frame oscillations that cause discomfort is found in the document Discomfort caused by vibrations.

Scania Truck Bodybuilder 22:10-638 Issue 2 2017-09-29© Scania CV AB 2017, Sweden 1 (13)

General information

Tankers

Preparing the vehicle with options from the factoryOrder finished solutions and preparations from the factory. Retrofitting will lead to higher costs.

For example, there are finished solutions for power take-offs and electrical prepara-tions for power take-offs that can be ordered from the factory.

More information on finished solutions and preparations that can be ordered from the factory is found on the Scania Truck Bodybuilder website.

More information on possible power take-offs from the factory is found in the docu-ment Selecting a power take-off.

More information on Scania’s power take-offs is found in the document for the re-spective power take-off:

• Example of a search term: EG651P.

• Examples of filters:

– Type of work: Selection of power take-off and hydraulic equipment.– Type of product: EG power take-off.

More information on the options for hydraulic equipment is found in the document Components for hydraulic equipment.


Designing the bodywork

Tankers

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Example of a tanker with subframe.

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Example of a tanker without subframe

Designing the bodyworkTry to achieve as short an axle distance as possible to reduce the risk of frame oscil-lations that cause discomfort. The maximum permitted axle weight limits how short the axle distance may be.

Position the bodywork as far forward as the front axle weight allows.

The bodywork centre of gravity should be as low as possible to reduce the rolling mo-ment.

Tankers can be built with or without a subframe, see illustrations. The advantages of using a subframe are as follows:

• Even distribution of the load

• Dampening of frame oscillations that cause discomfort

• Greater possibility of correct location of the foremost attachments according to Scania’s recommendations

IMPORTANT!

Scania recommends the use of a subframe. The option of not using a subframe can save weight and reduce stresses in the bodywork, but increases the sensitivity to frame oscillations that cause discomfort.

Contact a Scania dealer for more information about the vehicle’s construction.



Tankers

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The subframe must have as great a contact area as possible to the frame side mem-bers.

≤ 600

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Design of bodywork with subframeThe subframe moves in relation to the chassis frame due to torsional movements that occur when the vehicle is in motion. The movement is dampened by the friction that occurs between the subframe and chassis frame. For the friction to be as great as pos-sible, the subframe must follow the shape of the chassis frame and have as great a contact area as possible to the frame side members, see illustration.

Subframe locationThe subframe must be pulled forward and attached to the chassis frame as close to the foremost front axle as possible. This decreases the load on the chassis frame and reduces the risk of frame oscillations that cause discomfort.

Maximum permitted distance between the centre of the foremost front axle and the front edge of the subframe is 600 mm, see illustration. Use of the foremost body ad-aptation bracket, which is factory-fitted, ensures that the subframe is drawn suffi-ciently far forward.



Tankers

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Torsional forces that can generate torsional movements in the chassis frame when the vehicle is in motion.

Selection and location of attachments

IMPORTANT!

Design the attachments and fit the body adaptation brackets so that the vertical forces from the bodywork do not cause high torsional forces in the frame side members. High torsional forces in the frame side members can cause damage to the chassis frame.

Minimise the transfer of torsional movements from the chassis frame to the subframeWhen the vehicle is in motion, torsional forces arise which can generate torsional movements in the chassis frame, see illustration. Transfer of torsional movement from the chassis frame to the bodywork must be minimised to counteract high tor-sional forces in the bodywork and its attachments.



Tankers

IMPORTANT!

• Minimise the transfer of torsional movement from the chassis frame by using flexible attachments between the subframe and chassis frame in the front section of the vehicle.

• Follow Scania’s guidelines for the location and selection of attachment type and body adaptation brackets.

More information on body adaptation brackets, their location and selection of at-tachment type is found in the following documents:

• Bodywork attachment

• Selecting the subframe and attachment

More information on the location of body adaptation brackets and holes is found in the vehicle’s chassis drawing, ICD (Individual Chassis Drawing).



Tankers

A B CD

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≤ 725

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Attachments in the front section of the vehicle (A)Fit the subframe using flexible attachments that allow the following movements in relation to the chassis frame:

• Longitudinal displacement

• Certain upward movement

The size of the movements depends on driving conditions and the torsional rigidity of the bodywork.

The attachments must control the sideways movement of the subframe.

Location of the foremost attachmentTo counteract any frame oscillations, the foremost bodywork attachment point must be as close to the foremost front axle as possible.

Maximum permitted distance between the centre of the foremost front axle and fore-most attachment screw in the subframe is 725 mm, see illustration. Use of the fore-most body adaptation bracket, which is factory-fitted, ensures that the attachment is sufficiently far forward.



Tankers

A B CD

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Attachments in the rear section (B) and rear end (C) of the vehicleFit the subframe with rigid attachments so that they give the necessary rigidity be-tween the subframe and chassis frame.

The attachments must control the sideways movement of the subframe.

Attachments at the transition between the vehicle’s front section and rear section (D).Different driving conditions require different limitations in mobility between the chassis frame and the subframe. Increase or decrease the mobility between the sub-frame and chassis frame by adapting and redistributing the attachments in the transi-tion between the vehicle’s front section and rear section (D). More flexible attachments located further back give increased mobility and more rigid attachments located further forward give reduced mobility.



Tankers

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Design of bodywork without subframeTankers without subframe require a rigid chassis frame. For the chassis frame to be as rigid as possible, bodywork without subframe should preferably be built on trucks with a double frame. The truck must have a double frame from the factory as such a solution cannot be retrofitted.

Note:Locate the bodywork attachment points to achieve the best possible load distribution across the chassis frame. This can be achieved, for example, in the following ways:

• By using more attachments and thereby increasing the number of support points.

• By using attachments with as large a contact area as possible to the chassis frame.



Tankers

A B C 389 0

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Attachments between the chassis frame and bodyworkDriving a vehicle with a torsionally rigid bodywork requires flexible attachments be-tween the chassis frame and bodywork.

The attachments must allow the following movements:

• Certain upward movement and possibly a small downward movement


The attachments must control the sideways movement of the bodywork.

The size of the movements depends on the driving conditions.

Place the attachments with a maximum of 1,500 mm centre distance and adjacent to the spring brackets or chassis crossmembers.



Tankers

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1

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Example of attachment with large contact area to the chassis frame.1. Bodywork’s foremost support point.2. Attachment with large contact area to the chassis frame3. Rigid body adaptation brackets.4. Attachment to the bodywork which is flexible upwards, downwards and longitu-

dinally.

Design and location of the foremost attachmentNote:To counteract frame oscillations, the foremost bodywork attachment must be placed as close to the front axle as possible.

Maximum permitted distance between centre of front axle and front attachment screw in the foremost attachment is 725 mm, see illustration. Use of the foremost body adaptation bracket, which is factory-fitted, ensures that the foremost attachment screw is sufficiently far forward.

For the attachment to reach sufficiently far forward, it may be required that it has a large contact area (2) to the chassis frame.

The large contact area must have rigid attachments (3) to the chassis frame.

The attachment to the bodywork (4) must allow the following movements:

• Certain upward movement and possibly a small downward movement


The attachments must control the sideways movement of the bodywork.

The size of the movements depends on the driving conditions.



Tankers

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Baffle plate design in fluid tanksA moving fluid affects the vehicle’s driveability as the cargo’s weight can move quickly in the tank, for example sideways when cornering and longitudinally when braking.

Install transverse and longitudinal baffle plates in fluid tanks to reduce the fluid’s movement in the tank.

Note:There must be longitudinal baffle plates in fluid tanks larger than 20 m3. Also small tanks with a large front compartment must be equipped with a longitudinal baffle plates.

Avoid tanks with a large front compartment and smaller following compartments. Depending on how the compartments are filled, this makes the vehicle unstable while driving. If the design requires a large front compartment and smaller following com-partments, filling must be started at the front and emptying started at the rear. The vehicle will otherwise be back-heavy with a low front axle weight as a consequence.



Tankers

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Requirements for vehicles with hazardous cargoIMPORTANT!

On ADR1 classed vehicles, the minimum permitted distance from the rear wall of the cab, including any protruding components, to the bodywork is 150 mm, see illustra-tion. Protruding components can, for example, be vertical exhaust pipe, high-mount-ed air intake, bracket for trailer connection or heat shield.

Scania recommends that a stability test is carried out on the vehicle. Check if there are any market requirements to carry out stability tests.

1. European agreement on international road transport of hazardous goods.


Tankers General information

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Transcript of Tankers General information