RANSOM CANYON NURSING HOME by Chi-wai Chau

RANSOM CANYON NURSING HOME

by

Chi-wai Chau

A Thesis in Architecture Submitted to the Architecture Faculty

of the College of Architecture of Texas Tech University in

Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE.

Programming Instructor (Arch 4395): Dr. Joseph Bilello Design Critic (Arch 4631): Prof. Marc Giaccardo

Accepted

Dean, College of Architecture-May 1996

RANSOM CANYON NURSING HOME

Chi-wai Chau

To my parents who always support me.

To my brother who always on my side.

Table of Contents

I. ABSTRACT

Thesis Statement

Context Statement

Facility Type

ARCHITECTURAL ISSUES

Interaction

Nursing Home

Mission Statement and Issues

Issues, Goals and Performance Requirements

Thesis Case Studies

Annotated Bibliography

FACILITY PROGRAM ISSUES

Facility Background

Activity Analysis

A.I. 2

A.I. 3

A.I. 5

A.I. 6

A.I. 7

A.I. 16

A.I. 18

F.P.I. 19

F.P.I. 20

F.P.I. 22

Space Analysis

Space Summary



Facility Case Studies

Facility Program Issues Bibliography

IV. Contextual Issues

Historical Context

Psychological Context

Natural Context

Built Context



Site map C.I. 78

F.P.I. 28

F.P.I. 44

F.P.I. 45

F.P.I. 46

F.P.I. 60

F.P.I. 62

C.I. 64

C.I. 65

C.I. 66

C.I. 66

C.I. 67

C.I. 68

C.I. 69

Climatic Data C.I. 80

Contextual Issues Case Studies C.I. 81

Contextual Issues Bibliography C.I. 83

Abstract

Thesis Statement

Interaction is a way to communicate with others to share differences and

encourage the other. This thesis will explore the use of architecture to promote

interaction to comfort and encourage others who are needed.

Context Statement

Lake Ransom Canyon is located southeast 6 miles from Lubbock. The

environment of the site is very pleasant because of the lake and large amount of

vegetation. The site can provide a pleasant and comfortable Environment for the

facility away from the city.

Facility Type and Scope

The facility is a nursing home designed for thirty seniors and staff. The

facility includes offices, bedrooms, meeting rooms, cafeteria, multipurpose rooms,

outdoor courtyard, and different gathering places.

A

Architectural Issues '\m\m.ixiKMimimmuiiu\\mmamWMi\.m^ i -. •;••} •• ,".i

A.I. 2

Interaction

Man is by nature a social animal.

-Aristotle

By nature, the human is a social animal. Human lives that contribute both

physical and psychological efforts to maintain the unity of the society.

By social interaction, human can gather information about current events. At the

same time, this kind of social interaction can attract people with the same moral values,

norms and interests. These people provide opportunity for them to build up their

relationship in order to share their experiences and opinions about particular subjects

that they are interested. These kinds of social gathering also encourage people to

comfort others who have problems and any unsolved matters.

In a nursing home, elderly patients need social interaction to stimulate their body

functions and to help them participate more activities in their daily lives. Through

A.I. 3

interaction, patients can establish friendships to others. This is very important because

patients usually stay away from their homes and families and for them, the closest

person they can talk to face to face maybe is someone who stays in the same place.

Interaction at personal level provides opportunity for patients to share and

comfort others and to encourage other who feels hopeless and to help others who need

someone to care for. Lorraine G. Hiatt, a consultant in environmental psychology and

gerontology states that conversation can stimulate one's mental and physical

functioning. It also stimulates other beneficial behavior such as participation in new

activities, exercise of memory and awareness of current events. (Hiatt, 1983)

A.I. 4

Nursing Home

The nursing home is a relatively new phenomenon in present society. In

the past, the nursing home is called "rest home" or "old age home". Nursing home

may be defined as one of the categories under Long Term Care facility (LTC).

LTC can operate either independently or with a hospital and provides nursing

care and medical services under the general direction of persons licensed to

practice medicine or surgery. LTC generally does not have resident physicians

and limits its medical services to minor treatment.

Because of the advancement of medical technology, research about food

nutrition and education about how to maintain better health, there is an increased

growth of senior population. In the past, elderly persons care by their relatives

and friends. When relatives and friends begin to work in another city, many older

persons have found themselves miles away in need of supervision and personal

care. Therefore, the nursing home becomes a place for elders who cannot take

care by their relatives and friends to have nursing care and supervision.

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A.I. 5

Architectural Issues

Mission Statement:

The purpose of this nursing home is to provide a place for elders to stay

comfortability and meaningfully.

Issues:

- Interaction

- Comfort

- Image

A.I. 6

Interaction

Goal:

The facility should be able to encourage sharing and interacting between users.

Performance Requirement #1

The facility should encourage and provide places for individual and group activities.

o

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O o o KA Group activities Personal interaction Group interaction

A.I. 7


The facility should provide different kind of care to the patients.

Patients counseling Nursing care Personal care from others

A.I. 8


The facility should encourage personal interaction in order to establish friendship

Through group activities Through interactions Through helping others

A.I. 9

Comfort

Goal:

The facility shuold provide both physical and psychological comfort to the users.


The facility should provide personal needs to the patients.

Good food Comfortable room Proper nursing care

-A.I. 10


The facility should provide sufficient personal space for each patient.

Bedrooms Gathering places Quiet area(outdoor)

A.I. 11


The facility should provide a comfortable living environment to the patients

Lighting Color Texture

A.l. 12'

Image

Goal:

The facility should clearly express the warm and friendly image.


The facility should be a recognizable structure in the site.

Canopies in the entrance Landscape to create focal point Height of the structure

A.I. 13.


The facility should provide a warm and welcome feeling for patients and visitors.

Information center in the lobby A expressive entrance structure Spatial layout to accommodate special need

'A.I. 14-


The facility should integrate itself into the site.

Natural landscape Building materials Scale of the building with the surrounding

A.I. 15

Architectural Issues Case Study

Name: Freeport Hospital Health Care Village

Location: Kitchener, Ontario

Architect: NORR Partnership Limited, Health Care Design Group.

Facility Information:

The Freeport Hospital Health Care Village is a 21 acre hospital

complex located in the suburban site of kitchener, Ontario. The concept of this

hospital is to break down the monolithic scale into a "townscape" of district

buildings that encourage human interaction at a neighborhood level. A typical

quad of patient room contains two two-bed rooms, a quiet room and a sun room.

The layouts of the quad not only encourage interaction between patients to

patients but also provide privacy for each patient by a quiet room.

PART PUN TYPICAL PATIENT UNIT 1 2.tMd 2 l-bed 3 tinq\t 4. lunroom 5 ihower 6 quiet room 7 uttiity 8 pat<«ni tub A tytxcal quad fi tffnaS vngle C rypical double

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COamVABD EIEVAIIOB

A.I. 16

Name: Lawrenceville Senior Center

Location: Lawrenceville, Georgia

Architect: Stanley Beaman & Sears, Architect


The lawrenceville Senior Center is a 12,000-square-foot building located

on the Gwinnett County's parkland. The design concept of this center is to

challenge the traditional notions of aging by create a dynamic building form. Two

billowings, prefinished aluminum standing-seam roofs appear sail-like as a

nautical metaphor. The building combines powerful form with thoughtful

consideration for the men and women who enjoy it. By integrating the younger

with older and frail with the active, this senior center proposes a holistic, healthy

view of aging.

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'A.l. 17-

Annotated Bibliography

Hiatt, Lorraine G." The environment as a participant in health care." Journal of Long-Term Care administration. Vol. 10

No. 1982, 1-17.

The function of the environment and the role of planning.

Santillo, William. "Freeport Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario," Canada Architecture. March 1990, 27-32.

A Hospital that create a townscape of distinct buildings to encourage human interaction at a neighborhood level.

Santrock, John W. Psychology The Science of Mind and Behavior. 2d ed. Iowa: Wm. C. Brown Publishers, 1988.

The introduction of psychology and human behavior.

Shaefer, Richard T. And Robert P. Lamm. Sociology. 4d ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 1992.

The introduction of social activities and human interaction.

Ivy, Robert a. Jr. "Youthful Spirit." Architecture. June 1995. 66-71.

A case study of a community center for elder.

A.I. 18

Facility Program Issues

-F.P.I. 19'

Facility Background

The primary function of this facility is to provide nursing-care to the elderly.

These elders may need 24-hour care or just a few hours each day. The reason

these elders are stay in the nursing home instead of stay at home is because

they need medical care during the day and their families cannot provide that kind

of service for them. When elders stay in the nursing home, they can have

different social activities to stimulate their body and mind to make them feel

better.

The rooms and facilities most commonly provided for in a nursing home

are listed below:

1. Administrative office

2. Meeting rooms

3. Bedrooms

4. Nurses stations

-F.P.I. 20-

5. Outdoor courtyard

6. Kitchen/cafeteria

7. Lobby

8. Utility rooms

9. Gathering places

10. Bathrooms

The nursing home in Lake Ransom Canyon is designed to accommodate

30 patients and staff. This facility is not only a nursing care facility but also

promotes social interaction to create better health for the patients.

-F.P.I. 21.

Activity Analysis

This section is intended to analyse important issues regarding the activities

that occur within the facility and what measures must be made in the design

process to have a successful design.

The analyse of this activity analysis is based on the level of participation in

each activity. The purpose of this analysis is to present a different area of issues

that will affect any design decision.

'F.P.I. 22

Scope of Activity:

Place:

Participants:

Primary Activities:

Secondary Activities:

Sleeping/Private activity

Bedrooms

Patients

The primary activities in the bedroom are sleeping, and

resting.

The secondary activities in the bedroom are meditating,

reading and talking.

Scope of Activity:

Place:

Participants:

Administrating/ management and operation

Administrative office

Nursing home employees

F.P.I. 23

Primarv Activities:


The primary activities of the administrative office are

managing and administrating the operation of the nursing

home.

The secondary activities of the administrative office are

schedules making, files organizing, documentation of

information and conduct meetings.

Scope of Activity:

Place:

Participants:

Primarv Activities:

Drinking, Eating and Cooking

Cafeteria

Visitors, patients and staff

The primary activities of the cafeteria are eating and

drinking.

F.P.I. 24

Secondary Activities: The secondary activities of the cafeteria are reading and

talking.

Scope of Activities:

Place:

Participants:

Primary Activity:

Secondary Activity:

Gathering and Interacting

Gathering Places


The primary activities of the gathering places is social

interaction

The secondary activities of the gathering places are reading

and sitting.

Scope of Activity: Assisting patients

F.P.I. 25'

Place:

Participants:

Primary Activities:


Nursing stations

Nurses and Staff

The primary activities of the nursing station are setting up

schedule for patients. Organizing information about patients

and standing by for assistance.

The secondary activities of the nursing home are breaking

and meeting.

Scope of Activity:

Place:

Participants:

Primary Activities:

Interacting, Informing and Waiting.

Lobby


The primary activities of the lobby are waiting, Informing.

F.P.I. 26-

Secondary Activities: The secondary activities of the lobby are reading and

interacting.

.F.P.I. 27-

Space Analysis

Administrative Office:

Area of the space:

Number of participants:

Functions:

Degree of privacy:

Spatial Requirements:

1000 sq.ft.

1 -8 people

Administration office is the main office of the facility.

The function of the office is to administrate the overall

operation of the facility.

Semi-public

The administration office should be easily accessible

to all employees and outside delivers. The office also needs

to near the main entrance and separate from the private

area of the facility such as bedroom's area. The office should

F.P.I. 28'

have sufficient windows for viewing and indirect

sunlight for lighting.

Administrative Storage:

Area of space:

number of participants:

Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


130 sq.ft.

1-2 people

The function of the storage is to store different office

supplies and documents from the administration office.

Semi-private

The storage should be located within the

administrative office and no visible to the public. T?>e

storage should be divided into different section for

different functions.

FP.I. 29.

staff Restroom:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


200 sq.ft.

1 -4 people

The function of the staff Restroom is to provide a

convenience place for staff member personal need.

Private

The staff restroom should be located within the

administrative office and no visible to the public. The

restroom should be located near the staff breakroom.

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Staff Breakroom:

Area of space:


200 sq.ft.

1-6 people

F.P.I. 30'

Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


The function of the staff breakroom is to provide a

convenience place for staff to take quick break and refresh

themselves before going back to work.

Semi-private

The staff breakroom should be located near the staff

restroom. The breakroom should have comfortable seats and

windows for viewing.

Lobby:

Area of space:


Functions:

1,200 sq.ft.

1 -25 people

Lobby is a place for gathering information on

activities, a place to meet visitors and a place to wait.

iS Main Entrance

Office

F.P.I. 3 t

Degree of Privacy:


Public

Lobby should be located near the entrance and

administrative office. Lobby should present a warm

and friendly atmosphere to the visitors. It also needs

to give visitor's direction to other areas in the facility.

Cafeteria:

Area of Space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


1,500 sq.ft.

20-100 people

Cafeteria is a dinning area for patients, staff and

visitors.

Public

Cafeteria should be able to handle high volume of

circulation. The cafeteria should have a comfortable interior

setting and can offer opportunities for conversation. The

Lobby

Cafeteria

F.P.I. 32-

cafeteria should handicap accessible. The location of the

cafeteria must be convenience for patients, visitors and staff.

Kitchen:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


500 sq.ft.

5 people

The kitchen is the place to prepare daily meals.

Private

The kitchen should be located next to the cafeteria

and accessible for delivery of food and supplies.

Kitchen should be isolated from the public spaces.

Back Entrance

F.P.I. 33-

Bedrooms:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


200 sq.ft.

1 person

Bedroom is a private place for patient to rest.

Private

The bedroom should have a fresh and comfortable

appearance. Bedrooms should be easily accessible and

easily identify by the patient. Bedrooms should have

adequate visual privacy and view to outside. Each t>edroom

should not be isolated to other bedrooms and small scale

gathering areas should be located near the bedrooms for

interaction.

F.P.I. 34-

Patient Bathrooms:

Area of space:


Description:

Degree of Privacy:


50 sq.ft.

1 person

Bathroom is the place for personal cleaning.

Private

Bathroom should be easily accessible to patient and

fulfilled the requirement from the ADA. The bathroom should

have sufficient lighting and ventilation.

Patients Bathrooms

IVIeeting Rooms:

Area of space:

Numerical of participants:

400 sq.ft.

1 -30 people

F.P.I. 35-

Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


The meeting areas are the place for meeting or group

activities.

Public

The meeting areas should be a noise isolated area

with adequate chairs and tables. The meeting areas should

have sufficient lighting and can identify by users easily.

Restrooms:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:

150 sq.ft.

5-10 people

The restroom is a place for personal need.

Private

Cafeteria ^

F.P.I. 36-

Spatial Requirements: The Restrooms must be handicap accessible.

There should be appropriated ventilation to the outside.

The location of the restroom should be easily

accessible from anywhere within the facility.

Nursing Stations:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:

300 sq.ft.

4-5 people

The function of the nursing station is to provide

nursing care to the patients.

Semi-private

Nursing Station

F.P.I. 37-

Spatial Requirements: Nursing station should be located near the bedroom

area and easily recognized by patients. The stations should

isolate with sound and have sufficient lighting.

Nurses Restrooms:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


70 sq.ft.

1 -2 people

The function of the nurse's restroom is to provide an

area for nurses personal needs.

Private

The location of the restroom should be near the

nursing station. The restroom should have sufficient

ventilation and lighting.

Nurses Restrcrom

Nursing Station

F.P.I. 38'

utility Rooms:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


100 sq.ft.

1-2 people

The utility rooms are the storage of cleaning

equipment and other general supplies.

Private

The utility rooms should have different shelves and

storage bins for storage. The rooms should have good

lighting.

utility Room

NursiVjq Station

Medical Storage Rooms:

Area of space:


Madicai Storage Ri

Nurses Restroom

200 sq.ft.

2-3 people Nursing Sft tion

F.P.I. 39-

Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


The function of the medical storage room is the

storage and preparation of medicine.

Private

The storage should be located near the nursing

stations. It should have sufficient artificial lighting

Equipment Storage Rooms:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:

200 sq.ft.

2-3 people

The storage area of intravenous stands, air

mattresses, walkers, similar bulky equipment.

Private

Bedroom Area

Nursing Station-J

^ Equipment I Storage Room

F.P.I. 40-

Spatial Requirements: The storage area should be organized and located

near the nursing stations. The rooms should have

sufficient lighting.

Soiled Workroom:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


150 sq.ft.

2-3 people

The workroom is used to clean supplies and

Medcal Storage

Nurses Restri

equipment.

Private

The workroom should no more than 120 feet from

patients' rooms. The workroom should have sufficient lighting

and ventilation.

Workroom

Nursing Station

Bedroom Area

F.P.I. 41'

Gathering Places:

Area of space:


Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


Mechanical Room:

Area of space:


100-450 sq.ft.

1-10 people

Gathering places provided area for patients to interact

with others.

Public Cafeteri

A "home-Style" setting cooperates with indirect natural

light and outside view. The places should be easily

accessible. Each gathering place should have its own

characteristic for easy identification.

1,500 sq.fL

2-4 people

'F.P.I. 42-

Functions:

Degree of Privacy:


The mechanical room is a place for mechanical

equipment.

Private

The mechanical room should isolate from the public.

The mechanical room should have sufficient lighting and

ventilation. The wall thickness for sound transmission must

be emphasized.

\ \ I / / Mech. Room

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* 5.

Cafeteria

Lobby

1 1

iF.P.I. 43-

Space Summary

1. Administrative Office 2. Administrative Storage 3. Bedrooms(30) 4. Cafeteria 5. Equipment Storage Rooms(2) 6. Gathering Places 7. Kitchen 8. Lobby 9. Mechanical Rooms

10. Medical Storage Rooms 11. Meeting Rooms 12. Nurses Restrooms 13. Nursing stations 14. Patients Restrooms 15. Restrooms 17. Staff Breakroom 18. Staff Restroom 19. Utility Rooms

1000 sq.ft. 130 sq.ft. 6000 sq.ft. 1500 sq.ft. 400 sq.ft. 1800 sq.ft. 500 sq.ft. 1200 sq.ft. 1500 sq.ft. 400 sq.ft. 1500 sq.ft. 140 sq.ft. 600 sq.ft. 1500 sq.ft. 600 sq.ft. 200 sq.ft. 200 sq.ft. 400 sq.ft.

NetSq. Ft.

Factor=1.2

Factor= 1.3

Gross Sq.Ft.

19720 sq.ft.

23664 sq.ft.

30763 sq.ft.

30763 sq.ft.

'F.P.I. 44'

Facility Program Issues

Mission Statement:

The layout of the facility should not only reinforce the concept of

interaction but also create a safe and comfortable environment for the users.

Issues:

- Interaction

- Comfort

- Security

- Circulation

- Territory

F.P.I. 45-

Circulation

Goal:

The facility should provide a simple and direct circulation system for patients,

Staff and visitors.


The facility should have maximum information flow between different areas.

Visibility between different areas Easy, direct paths

=>F.P.I. 46 I zz:


The circulation should be easily accessible.

Wider paths With traction control

Wheelchairs ramps for all circulation paths.

Circulation paths should have sufficient lighting.

'F.P.I. 47 ir- K g / i =i


All the circulation paths should encourage interaction.

Gathering places near the circulation paths. Wider paths for circulation.

F.P.I. 48-

Comfort

Goal:

The facility should provide both physical and psychological comforts to the users.


The facility should provide sufficient natural light and view to create pleasant

environment.

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^

Natural lighting should be introduced into the building.

Larger windows for viewing Outdoor courtyard and balcony.

F.P.I. 49-


The Interior spaces should be organized and divided.

M

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Each area should divide to perform different functions.

& - 5 ,

Pedestrians should be able to see through public spaces.

Each room should be clearly identified. Restrooms should be located near the public spaces.

^^F.P.I. 50-


Each room should have sufficient spaces for each user.

Each person within the space should have its own personal space.

Outdoor view and natural lighting should allow in each room.

F.P.I. 51

Interaction

Goal:

The facility should promote social interaction between patients, staff and

visitors.


The gathering places should attract patients, staff and visitors.

A place for good viewing. A center of different spaces. A place has comfortable seats and tables.

F.P.I. 52 ' — I


Interaction should encourage within the facility.

Place to sit near circulation paths. Displace areas near work areas.

-F.P.I. 53'


Create visual linkage between different spaces.

Through circulation Create central circulation.

F.P.I. 54

Territory

Goal:

The facility should be divided into different territories for different uses.


Create different level of separation between spaces.

Separation between privates and public areas.

Create visual connection between semi-private areasand public areas

F.P.I. 55 • — '


Function of spaces should be related to other spaces.

Related activities should be located closely.

Transitional areas in between different areas.

F.P.I. 56-


Create hierarchy in level of activities.

Different level of related activities should be occurd within one bigger space.

F.P.I. 57 ' — •

Security

Goal:

The facility should provide a safe and secure environment for patients, staff

and visitors.


All areas and paths should have good visual access.

< i >

Larger window and door to overlook area.

F.P.I. 58 I — I


All pathways should have clear lines of sight.

Lighting Light of corners

F.P.I. 59-

Facility Case Study i^SiKIEJ ".,aeK«';.-.'..;',v

Name: Asyl Gottesgnad old-age home

Location: Berne, Switzerland

Architect: Atelier 5


This nursing facility is located in Wittigkofen on the outskirts of Berne. The

entire facility is organized around the basic units of the 24-30 two-bedroom units. The

distinctive Y-shaped configuration of the floor plan ensures that each bed has some

privacy and is equally privileged for light and view.

F.P.I. 60-

Name: Nana! home for senior citizens

Location: Mashiko, Japan

Architect: Masamitsu Nozawa, Architects and Associates


Nanai home for senior citizen is located in Mashiko, one of the most

attractive natural settings of its kind in Japan. Residents in the nursing home live in a

spacious individual room with private toilet and lavatory where they can live as richly as

possible. In order to minimize the floor area, a cushion space was created to separate

between private rooms and corridor; a lavatory station separated from the corridor by

means of a translucent screen. Nnai home also provide a large meeting area for the

local citizen to have different activities for the elders and local residents. L j^JL^

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F.P.I. 61'

Facility Program Issues Bibliography

Hiatt, Lorraine G. "Effective Trends In Interior Design." Provider. April 1986. 28-30.

Hiatt, Lorraine G. Nursing Home Renovation Design for Reform. Boston: Butterworth

Architecture, 1991.

Hiatt, Lorraine G. "Moving outdoors." Nursing Homes. Vol. 29 No. 2 1980, 33-39.

Hiatt, Lorraine G. "The importance of the physical environment." Nursing Homes. Vol. 31

No. 4.1982, 2-10.

Hiatt, Lorraine G. "Effective design for informal conversation." American Health Care

Association Journal. Vol. 9. No. 2.1983, 43-46.

Hiatt, Lorraine G." Understanding the physical environment." Pride Institute Journal of

Long-Term Health Care. Vol. 4 No. 2.1985, 12-22.

Snyder, L. Hiatt. "Environmental changes for socialization." Journal of Nursing

Administration. Vol. 18. No. 1.1978, 44-55.

Tominaga, Yuzuru. "Kofuen Nursing Home + Day Service Center." Japan Architecture.

Aug. 1988.59-63. • F.P.I. 62

Wilkers, Joseph A., ed. Encyclopedia of Architecture. Design. Engineering &

Construction. Vol. 2. The American Institute of Architects. 1988, 753-763.

Architectural review. Jan. 1991. "Atelier 5".

F.P.I. 63

Contextual Issues luaMuiiimmMMmiwimiaimmmmiimMiii.L^i^M.A^MmauuauK'umwiaKmmms^M^^^

C.I. 64

Historical Context:

Lake Ransom Canyon is located in the southwestern part of Yellowhouse Canyon

which is the upper tributary of the Double Mountain Fork of the Brazos River. As early

as 1540s, Spanish explorers began to cross this canyon. Jumano, Apache, Comanche

Indians camped here to take advantage of the canyon's protective walls, fresh water

spring and trees. The name of Ransom Canyon is from the Spanish name "Canon de

Rescate" which means "Canyon of Ransom." The name is given because in this canyon

the Spanish and Anglo traders paid for the return of hostages kidnapped by the

Comanche Indians.

By 1870s, Ransom Canyon was occupied by buffalo hunters and ranchers. In

1884 the Western Land and Livestock Company bought most of the land in the famous

lOA Ranch. In 1901, Ransom Canyon became the site of 06 Ranch after the failure of

the lOA Ranch. From 1915 to 1961, Ransom Canyon was part of the ranch owned by

the Johnston family.

C.I. 65

In 1961, investors purchased the canyon area and in 1965 become Lake Ransom

Canyon Village. The Village was incorporated in 1978.

Psychological Context:

Lake Ransom Canyon is a physically remote area from the city of Lubbock. The

natural surrounding of the Lake Ransom Canyon provide a pleasant environment for the

facility. Patients can take advantage of the natural beauty to enjoy a relaxing living in the

facility.

Natural Context:

Lake Ransom Canyon contains a beautiful lake, thick vegetation and many

Cottonwood trees. The elevation of the canyon changed radically from 2940 ft. to 3116

C.I. 66

ft. above sea level. The climate of Lake Ransom Canyon and the region of West Texas

are moderate with average temperatures between 20 °F in January and 90 °F in

August.

Built Context:

The site of the facility is located in the recently developed part of the Lake

Ransom Canyon. The future facility will be located in the northwest corner of the canyon

isolated by canyon lake and major transportation access.

C.I. 67

Contextual Issues

Mission Statement:

The facility should take advantage of the existing context to create a

relax and pleasant environment for the users.

Issues:

- Interaction

- Comfort

- Security

C.I. 68

interaction

Goal:

The facility should provide spaces for patients to interact with the nature.


Integrate the facility with the existing site.

Materials Natural landscape Existing building

C.I. 69


The users should be able to interact with the surrounding environment by the facility.

J^

Outdoor courtyard Landscape garden Bedroom balcony

'C.I. 70^


Create linkage between facility and the existing context.

Transportation Paths Landmark

C.I. 71

Comfort

Goal:

The facility should be able to take advantage of the natural surrounding by create

a comfortable living environment.


The facility should provide outdoor courtyard and gathering place for social

activities and interaction.

Tree for shading Water feature for visual pleasure Appropriate outdoor furniture

C.I. 72


Bring the pleasant surrounding into the facility.

&9^ I

Skylight for indirect sunlight

Large windows for viewing Sun room

C.I. 73


The facility should provide natural lighting and ventilation.

Building orientation Indirect sunlight Trees for shading

C.I. 74 I Z=3

Security

Goal:

The facility should provide both physical and psychological protection for the

users.


Use natural elements for protection

Use trees as a wind blockers

Use trees as a sun blockers

Use existing site condition to prevent potential flooding

C.I. 75 I zn


The building should provide protection to the users

No direct sunlight in lobby and bedrooms

No direct viewing from restrooms to outside

Bedrooms should protected from wild animals

C.I. 76 -


The facility should provide a safe and handicap accessible outdoor area to the users.

Handrails in the sidewalks

Wheelchairs accessible in the outdoor areas

Traction pavement in the sidewalks

C.I. 77

MAP OF TEXAS

SHOWING LOCATION OF

TOWN OF RANSOM CANYON

CORPUS CHRISTI

BROWNSVILLE

C.I. 7 8 - = -

Climate Data

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Rain (in.)

0.5-1

0.5-1

0.5-1

1-2

2-4

2-4

2-4

1-4

2-4

1-4

0.5-1

0.5-1

Wind (Mph)

13

15

17

16

15

25

12

11

12

12

13

14

Degree Days

600

400

400

100

0

0

0

0

50

50

100

600

Ave

42

45

53

57

67

78

82

77

75

75

64

45

(Temp.) Max.

55

60

70

75

80

95

95

95

90

90

80

60

Min.

25

25

30

40

50

60

65

60

55

55

45

25

Total Davs of Heating and Cooling:

Heating: 3,655 days

Cooling: 1,878 days

Source: National Weather Service Records

C.I. 80

Contextual Issues Case Study

Name: Canyon View Elementary School

Location: Tucson, Arizona

Architect: NBBJ, Architects


The design concept of the Canyon View Elementary School is to focus students'

attention on its dramatic desert site in the foothills of Arizona's Catalina Mountains by

providing large viewing windows in different area within the facility. The school's three

groups of buildings are situated along the edges of the arroyo, where summer rainfall

spawns a verdant collection of desert plants. The construction materials of the facility

are concrete block and steel.

1 SITE ENTRY

2 BUS ENTRY

3 UBBARY

< SPECIAL EDUCATION

I ART

6 CLASSROOMS

7 MULTIPURPOSE

a KINDERGARTEN

9 MUSIC

10 ADMINISTRATION

11 COMPUTER

C.I. 81

Name: National Wildflower Research Center

Location: Austin, Texas

Architect: Overland Partners


The National Wildflower Research Center is located southwest of Austin

on a 42 acres of reclaimed ranch land. The mission statements of this project are "total

resource conservation" and "the primacy of native landscape and its intrinsic beauty".

The design approach of this research center is use a village of smaller structures

that could provide more flexibility than a single building. The construction materials of

the research center are mainly wood and stone because it is the common building

materials of the South Texas. It also creates a sense of wild and nature by the texture of

the wood and stone.

I I MM

..,•.,-'• ; > ia i ' ..>-^.

C.I. 82

Context Issues Bibliography

Architecture. Jan. 1991." Desert Bloom".

City Hall of Lake Ransom Canyon. Ransom Canyon, Texas: 1995.

Dillon, David. "Lady Bird's Legacy," Architecture. July 1995, 67.

Hiatt, Lorraine G. Nursing Home Renovation Design for Reform. Boston:

Butterworth Architecture, 1991.

C.I. 83

This thesis project was to design a nursing home located at Ransom

Canyon and the ultimate goal for this project is to create an environment that

encourages participation and personal interaction.

From the beginning of the semester, i straggle with the idea of how to

create places for interaction and arrange all the patient rooms without look like a

motel. By the time I get over with the struggle, I find out that I spend too much

time designing the floor plan. After I finalize my floor plan, I already ran out of

time to design other things like shading device and landscape. Therefore, I think

my thesis project can be a better project because it still has a lot of room to

improve.

During this semester, I have a lot of fun and a lot of difficulty doing this

project. I learn a lot in the process of design and I think this is a good

experience for all architecture students.

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RANSOM CANYON NURSING HOME by Chi-wai Chau

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