Pacific Northwest Tank Barge Operations

Captain Dan Nutt Director, Regulatory Affairs Kirby Offshore Marine, LLC

Seattle direct line 206-774-8913 dan.nutt@kirbycorp.com

Tank Barging in General Serves a variety of routes and markets as economic conditions change

Transportation needs excess to pipeline capacity Specialized cargoes Remote locations

Technological advances have improved safety Towing connection Redundant propulsion, steering systems Automatic Identification System (AIS), Electronic charting

Increased regulatory requirements on crew training and management by USCG, STCW, and AWO Responsible Carrier Program have improved safety.

Barges have an important role in port/disaster recovery plans Most environmentally-efficient form of bulk transportation

Why Barges Are Not Tankers Tanker Barge (ATB or Towed)

Self-propelled Non-self-propelled

Typical size products carrier – 45,000 DWT PNW 4,000 – 27,000 DWT

Typical crude carrier – 140,000 DWT PNW 80,000 – 27,000 DWT

340,000 to 1,000,000 barrels capacity 25,000 to 185,000 barrels capacity

Crew size 18-24 Crew size 6 – 12

Cargo/cleaning (COW) evolutions are conducted underway

Limited or no cargo, cleaning operations underway

Wheelhouse – 3 watch system Compulsory pilotage requirements

Wheelhouse – 3 watch system Compulsory and Federal pilotage requirements

Engineering complexity – up to 26,000 HP Multi-grade fuels and fuel switching

Engineering simplicity – 4,000 to 10,000 HP #2 ULSD diesel fuel – no fuel switching

Overseas – Trans-oceanic Markets Domestic – coastwise markets

Economic factors – Global Market Economic factors – Local Market

Limited to large ports, complex infrastructure All ports, limited and complex infrastructure

Requires response and salvage plans, WSMC, MFSA

Requires response and salvage plans, WSMC, MFSA

What is an ATB?

80,000 barrel ATB with 5,000 hp tug

Articulated Tug-Barge Tug connects to barge with mechanical system Tug pitches independently but rolls with barge Greater towing efficiency by pushing Safe, proven, technologically advanced towing

connection Access to barge when underway for

safety/security/pollution prevention May be purpose-built or use retrofitted tugs and

barges

185,000 barrel ATB with 10,000 hp tug

140,000 barrel ATB with 8,000 hp tug

80,000 barrel ATB with 5,000 hp tug

Towed Barge

Tug connects to barge with tow wire Greater versatility for smaller ports and

restricted areas Wire technology and improved maintenance

regimens have greatly increased safety and reliability. Ability to interchange tugs between barges

80,000 barrel conventional barge with 4,000 hp tug

26,000 barrel conventional barge “Puget Sounder” with 2,000 hp tug “Pacific Eagle”

(towing alongside approaching dock in Tacoma)

Typical Coastal Barge Routing

Crew Hours Tracking Crew Hours Tracking Sheet

1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

DATE 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 DAILY WORK HRS

TOTAL REST HRS

EXEMPT WORK HRS

OPA 24 HR WORK HRS

OPA 72 HR WORK HRS

STCW 7-DAY REST HRS

STCW HRS OF REST IN ANY 24 HOUR PERIOD

COMMENTS

12/19/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 COMPLIANT12/20/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 COMPLIANT12/21/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 COMPLIANT12/22/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 36.0 COMPLIANT12/23/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 14.0 10.0 1.0 13.0 37.0 COMPLIANT12/24/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 37.0 COMPLIANT12/25/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 37.0 83.0 COMPLIANT12/26/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 36.0 83.0 COMPLIANT12/27/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 36.0 83.0 COMPLIANT12/28/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 83.0 COMPLIANT12/29/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 36.0 83.0 COMPLIANT12/30/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT12/30/2013 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/1/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/2/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/3/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 9.0 15.0 9.0 33.0 87.0 COMPLIANT1/4/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 9.0 15.0 9.0 30.0 90.0 COMPLIANT1/5/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 9.0 15.0 9.0 27.0 93.0 COMPLIANT1/6/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 8.0 16.0 8.0 26.0 97.0 COMPLIANT1/7/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 8.0 16.0 8.0 25.0 101.0 COMPLIANT1/8/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 28.0 101.0 VIOLATION1/9/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 32.0 101.0 COMPLIANT

1/10/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 98.0 COMPLIANT1/11/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 95.0 COMPLIANT1/12/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 92.0 COMPLIANT1/13/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.0 11.0 1.0 12.0 36.0 88.0 COMPLIANT1/14/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/15/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/16/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 VIOLATION1/17/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 14.0 10.0 2.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/18/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/19/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/20/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/21/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT1/22/2014 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 14.0 10.0 2.0 12.0 36.0 84.0 COMPLIANT

24.0 24.0 96.0 COMPLIANT24.0 12.0 108.0 COMPLIANT24.0 120.0 COMPLIANT

Name:Position: Chief Engineer Date On=

Bat Masterson12/19/2013

Unit: Teresa/Acadia Date Off=

2

1/22/2014

Financial Responsibility State requirement- RCW 88.40.020

– For a barge carrying oil, $ 1,000,000,000 – The State requirement is met if Federal requirement

exceeds State requirement. – Operator may be required to prove membership in P&I

Club/Syndicate Federal requirement- 33 CFR 138

– For a tank vessel (including barges) greater than 3,000 gross tons, other than a single-hull tank vessel, the greater of $2,000 per gross ton or $17,088,000

Typical P&I Club/Syndicate cover is $1,000,000,000

Pilotage Current Federal Pilotage scheme: All tank barges on Puget Sound, Columbia River,

and Grays Harbor must be under control of a “Pilot”.

Pilot requirements based on size of the vessel.

All tank barge tows up to 10,000 gross tons in U.S. Navigable Waters- Federal requirements – Master/Mates acting as Pilot – Hold appropriate licenses – Annual physical exam – Minimum 12 round trips over the route as

observer or trainee – Minimum 3 of the round trips in darkness

Pilotage

All tank barge tows 10,000 gross tons and larger in designated pilotage waters- Federal requirements – Hold appropriate licenses – Must hold First Class Pilots license* – Master or Mate holding First Class pilotage

license may serve as pilot.* – Annual physical exam *In practice, since very few tug masters and mates hold First–Class pilotage, this means the vessel usually must take a State-licensed pilot.

Pilotage

“Tag” tug/escort vessels are already voluntarily used for loaded, towed tank barges on the Columbia River (Lower Columbia River Harbor Safety Plan, Towed Barge Standard of Care).

May be of value for transits of Grays Harbor (from inside the bar to dock) Use them as a prevention credit against response planning requirements.

Value for routine transits of tug/barges on Puget Sound is questionable. Escorts may not be appropriate for routine ATB transits of Columbia

River. Limited room to perform arresting maneuvers. A routine grounding on soft bottom likely means no damage to the barge, but attempting to arrest the vessel likely results in damage to the escort tug and danger to mariners.

Escorts are not appropriate on river entrances (bars) in rough weather; creates false sense of security.

Escort Tugs

“Tag” or Tail tug

Primary towing vessel

65,000 bbl oil barge

Typical Columbia River Towed Oil Barge Configuration

All barge operators must have a Federal response plan. All barges operating on Puget Sound or Grays Harbor must

have a Washington State approved plan or obtain coverage from the Washington State Maritime Cooperative umbrella plan.

All barges operating on the Columbia River to Vancouver, WA or Portland, OR must have Washington and Oregon State approved plans or obtain coverage from the Maritime Fire and Safety Association umbrella plan.

Oil Spill Response Contingency Plan Requirements

Marine Spill Response Corp. National Response Corp. Islands Oil Spill Association Global Environmental Clean Rivers Cooperative Resolve Marine (salvage) T T Salvage (salvage) Marine Response Alliance (salvage) Global Diving and Salvage (salvage)

Oil Spill Response Contractors

Source: American Waterways Operators

WSMC Spill Data

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90

100

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Gal

lons

Year

Avg Amount Spilled / Incident

WSMC Spill Call Data

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Spill

Cal

ls

Year

Number of Spill Calls from 2000 to 2012

WSMC Spill Data Summary

377 Reported Spills 2000 – 2012 – Average 29 spill calls/year over last 13

years – Approximately 7 spills/year mystery spills – Total volume spilled 3,898 gallons – Average 10.3 gallons/spill

Questions?