Literature reviewed in the preparation of the Sláinte agus ...

90
Literature reviewed in the preparation of the Sláinte agus Tiomáint Medical Fitness to Drive Guidelines (7 th ed.) 2018. The literature listed here were accessed following an extensive literature search using key terms contained in the Sláinte agus Tiomáint Medical Fitness to Drive Guidelines (2017). The literature search was conducted between 1 – 28 August, 2017 in the MedLine, Science Direct and Web of Science and Cochrane Databases. Aarts, L., Commandeur, J., Welsh, R., Neiesen, S., Lerner, M., Thomas, P. W., . . . Davidse, R. (2016). Study on serious road traffic injuries in the EU. Brussels: EC Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport. Aberg, L. (1993). Drinking and driving: intentions, attitudes, and social norms of Swedish male drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 25(3), 289-296. Abou-Raya, S., & ElMeguid, L. A. (2009). Road traffic accidents and the elderly. Geriatr Gerontol Int, 9(3), 290-297. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0594.2009.00535.x Accattoli, M. P. (2012). [Sleep disordered breathing and driving]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon, 34(3 Suppl), 333-335. Ackerman, M. L., Crowe, M., Vance, D. E., Wadley, V. G., Owsley, C., & Ball, K. K. (2011). The impact of feedback on self-rated driving ability and driving self-regulation among older adults. Gerontologist, 51(3), 367-378. doi:10.1093/geront/gnq082 Adler, G. (1997). Driving and dementia: dilemmas and decisions. Geriatrics, 52 Suppl 2, S26-29. Adler, G., Bauer, M. J., Rottunda, S., & Kuskowski, M. (2005). Driving habits and patterns in older men with glaucoma. Soc Work Health Care, 40(3), 75-87. Adler, G., & Kuskowski, M. (2003). Driving cessation in older men with dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 17(2), 68-71. Adler, G., & Rottunda, S. (2006). Older adults' perspectives on driving cessation. Journal of Aging Studies, 20(3), 227-235. Adler, G., Rottunda, S., & Dysken, M. (2005). The older driver with dementia: An updated literature review. J Safety Res, 36(4), 399-407. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2005.07.005 Adler, G., & Rottunda, S. J. (2011). The driver with dementia: a survey of physician attitudes, knowledge, and practice. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen, 26(1), 58-64. doi:10.1177/1533317510390350 Adler, G., & Silverstein, N. M. (2008). At-risk drivers with Alzheimer's disease: recognition, response, and referral. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 299-303. doi:901524933 [pii] 10.1080/15389580801895186 Adrian, J., Postal, V., Moessinger, M., Rascle, N., & Charles, A. (2011). Personality traits and executive functions related to on-road driving performance among older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43(5), 1652-1659. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.023 Aduen, P. A., Kofler, M. J., Cox, D. J., Sarver, D. E., & Lunsford, E. (2015). Motor vehicle driving in high incidence psychiatric disability: comparison of drivers with ADHD, depression, and no known psychopathology. J Psychiatr Res, 64, 59-66. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.03.009 Afari, M. E., Blum, A. S., Mernoff, S. T., & Ott, B. R. (2014). Driving policy after seizures and unexplained syncope: a practice guide for RI physicians. R I Med J (2013), 97(1), 40-43. Affairs, C. o. S. (1986). Alcohol and the driver. . Jama, 255(4), 522-527. Agency, N. Z. T. (2014). Medical Aspects of fitness to drive. A guide for health practitioners. Palmerston North: NZ Transport Agency Retrieved from https://www.nzta.govt.nz/assets/resources/medical-aspects/Medical-aspects-2014.pdf. Agimi, Y., Albert, S. M., Youk, A. O., Documet, P. I., & Steiner, C. A. (2017). Mandatory Physician Reporting of At-Risk Drivers: The Older Driver Example. Gerontologist. doi:10.1093/geront/gnw209 Aguiar, B., & Macário, R. (2017). The need for an Elderly centred mobility policy. Transportation Research Procedia, 25, 4359-4373. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.309 Ahlgren, E., Lundqvist, A., Nordlund, A., Aren, C., & Rutberg, H. (2003). Neurocognitive impairment and driving performance after coronary artery bypass surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 23(3), 334-340. Aine, E. (1984). Minimum visual requirements in different occupations in Finland. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl, 161, 104-110. Akerstedt, T., & Kecklund, G. (2001). Age, gender and early morning highway accidents. J Sleep Res, 10(2), 105-110.

Transcript of Literature reviewed in the preparation of the Sláinte agus ...

Literature reviewed in the preparation of the Sláinte agus Tiomáint Medical Fitness to Drive Guidelines (7th ed.) 2018.

The literature listed here were accessed following an extensive literature search using key terms contained in the

Sláinte agus Tiomáint Medical Fitness to Drive Guidelines (2017). The literature search was conducted

between 1 – 28 August, 2017 in the MedLine, Science Direct and Web of Science and Cochrane Databases.

Aarts, L., Commandeur, J., Welsh, R., Neiesen, S., Lerner, M., Thomas, P. W., . . . Davidse, R. (2016). Study on serious road

traffic injuries in the EU. Brussels: EC Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport.

Aberg, L. (1993). Drinking and driving: intentions, attitudes, and social norms of Swedish male drivers. Accid Anal Prev,

25(3), 289-296.

Abou-Raya, S., & ElMeguid, L. A. (2009). Road traffic accidents and the elderly. Geriatr Gerontol Int, 9(3), 290-297.

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0594.2009.00535.x

Accattoli, M. P. (2012). [Sleep disordered breathing and driving]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon, 34(3 Suppl), 333-335.

Ackerman, M. L., Crowe, M., Vance, D. E., Wadley, V. G., Owsley, C., & Ball, K. K. (2011). The impact of feedback on

self-rated driving ability and driving self-regulation among older adults. Gerontologist, 51(3), 367-378.

doi:10.1093/geront/gnq082

Adler, G. (1997). Driving and dementia: dilemmas and decisions. Geriatrics, 52 Suppl 2, S26-29.

Adler, G., Bauer, M. J., Rottunda, S., & Kuskowski, M. (2005). Driving habits and patterns in older men with glaucoma.

Soc Work Health Care, 40(3), 75-87.

Adler, G., & Kuskowski, M. (2003). Driving cessation in older men with dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 17(2),

68-71.

Adler, G., & Rottunda, S. (2006). Older adults' perspectives on driving cessation. Journal of Aging Studies, 20(3),

227-235.

Adler, G., Rottunda, S., & Dysken, M. (2005). The older driver with dementia: An updated literature review. J Safety Res,

36(4), 399-407. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2005.07.005

Adler, G., & Rottunda, S. J. (2011). The driver with dementia: a survey of physician attitudes, knowledge, and practice.

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen, 26(1), 58-64. doi:10.1177/1533317510390350

Adler, G., & Silverstein, N. M. (2008). At-risk drivers with Alzheimer's disease: recognition, response, and referral.

Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 299-303. doi:901524933 [pii]

10.1080/15389580801895186

Adrian, J., Postal, V., Moessinger, M., Rascle, N., & Charles, A. (2011). Personality traits and executive functions related

to on-road driving performance among older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43(5), 1652-1659.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.023

Aduen, P. A., Kofler, M. J., Cox, D. J., Sarver, D. E., & Lunsford, E. (2015). Motor vehicle driving in high incidence

psychiatric disability: comparison of drivers with ADHD, depression, and no known psychopathology. J

Psychiatr Res, 64, 59-66. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.03.009

Afari, M. E., Blum, A. S., Mernoff, S. T., & Ott, B. R. (2014). Driving policy after seizures and unexplained syncope: a

practice guide for RI physicians. R I Med J (2013), 97(1), 40-43.

Affairs, C. o. S. (1986). Alcohol and the driver. . Jama, 255(4), 522-527.

Agency, N. Z. T. (2014). Medical Aspects of fitness to drive. A guide for health practitioners. Palmerston North: NZ

Transport Agency Retrieved from

https://www.nzta.govt.nz/assets/resources/medical-aspects/Medical-aspects-2014.pdf.

Agimi, Y., Albert, S. M., Youk, A. O., Documet, P. I., & Steiner, C. A. (2017). Mandatory Physician Reporting of At-Risk

Drivers: The Older Driver Example. Gerontologist. doi:10.1093/geront/gnw209

Aguiar, B., & Macário, R. (2017). The need for an Elderly centred mobility policy. Transportation Research Procedia, 25,

4359-4373. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.309

Ahlgren, E., Lundqvist, A., Nordlund, A., Aren, C., & Rutberg, H. (2003). Neurocognitive impairment and driving

performance after coronary artery bypass surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 23(3), 334-340.

Aine, E. (1984). Minimum visual requirements in different occupations in Finland. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl, 161,

104-110.

Akerstedt, T., & Kecklund, G. (2001). Age, gender and early morning highway accidents. J Sleep Res, 10(2), 105-110.

Akinwuntan, A. E., De Weerdt, W., Feys, H., Baten, G., Arno, P., & Kiekens, C. (2005). The validity of a road test after

stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 86(3), 421-426.

Akinwuntan, A. E., De Weerdt, W., Feys, H., Pauwels, J., Baten, G., Arno, P., & Kiekens, C. (2005). Effect of simulator

training on driving after stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology, 65(6), 843-850.

Akinwuntan, A. E., & Devos, H. (2015). Decisions About Driving for Persons With Neurodegenerative Conditions.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 96(4), 767-768.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2014.08.007

Akinwuntan, A. E., Devos, H., Baker, K., Phillips, K., Kumar, V., Smith, S., & Williams, M. J. (2014). Improvement of

Driving Skills in Persons With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study. Archives of Physical

Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(3), 531-537. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.294

Akinwuntan, A. E., Devos, H., Feys, H., Verheyden, G., Baten, G., Kiekens, C., & De Weerdt, W. (2007). Confirmation of

the accuracy of a short battery to predict fitness-to-drive of stroke survivors without severe deficits. J Rehabil

Med, 39(9), 698-702. doi:10.2340/16501977-0113

Akinwuntan, A. E., DeWeerdt, W., Feys, H., Baten, G., Arno, P., & Kiekens, C. (2003). Reliability of a road test after stroke.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 84(12), 1792-1796.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00767-6

Akinwuntan, A. E., Feys, H., De Weerdt, W., Baten, G., Arno, P., & Kiekens, C. (2006). Prediction of driving after stroke: a

prospective study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 20(3), 417-423. doi:10.1177/1545968306287157

Akinwuntan, A. E., Feys, H., DeWeerdt, W., Pauwels, J., Baten, G., & Strypstein, E. (2002). Determinants of driving after

stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 83(3), 334-341.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2002.29662

Akinwuntan, A. E., Wachtel, J., & Rosen, P. N. (2012). Driving Simulation for Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Driving

After Stroke. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 21(6), 478-486.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2010.12.001

Akiyama, T., Powell, J. L., Mitchell, L. B., Ehlert, F. A., & Baessler, C. (2001). Resumption of driving after life-threatening

ventricular tachyarrhythmia. N Engl J Med, 345(6), 391-397.

Aksan, N., Anderson, S. W., Dawson, J., Uc, E., & Rizzo, M. (2015). Cognitive functioning differentially predicts different

dimensions of older drivers’ on-road safety. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 75, 236-244.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.12.007

Alavi, S. S., Mohammadi, M. R., Soori, H., & Ghanizadeh, M. (2017). The Cognitive and Psychological Factors

(Personality, Driving Behavior, and Mental Illnesses) As Predictors in Traffic Violations. Iran J Psychiatry, 12(2),

78-86.

Alavi, S. S., Mohammadi, M. R., Souri, H., Mohammadi Kalhori, S., Jannatifard, F., & Sepahbodi, G. (2017). Personality,

Driving Behavior and Mental Disorders Factors as Predictors of Road Traffic Accidents Based on Logistic

Regression. Iran J Med Sci, 42(1), 24-31.

Albery, I. P., & Guppy, A. (1995). The interactionist nature of drinking and driving: a structural model. Ergonomics,

38(9), 1805-1818.

Alkharboush, G. A., Al Rashed, F. A., Saleem, A. H., Alnajashi, I. S., Almeneessier, A. S., Olaish, A. H., . . . BaHammam, A.

S. (2017). Assessment of patients' medical fitness to drive by primary care physicians: A cross-sectional study.

Traffic Inj Prev, 18(5), 488-492. doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1274029

Almberg, M., Selander, H., Falkmer, M., Vaz, S., Ciccarelli, M., & Falkmer, T. (2017). Experiences of facilitators or barriers

in driving education from learner and novice drivers with ADHD or ASD and their driving instructors. Dev

Neurorehabil, 20(2), 59-67. doi:10.3109/17518423.2015.1058299

Alosco, M. L., Ott, B. R., Cleveland, M. J., Royle, K., Snyder, S., Spitznagel, M. B., & Gunstad, J. (2011). Impaired

knowledge of driving laws is associated with recommended driving cessation in cognitively impaired older

adults. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra, 1(1), 358-365. doi:10.1159/000333366

Alosco, M. L., Penn, M. S., Spitznagel, M. B., Cleveland, M. J., Ott, B. R., & Gunstad, J. (2015). Reduced Physical Fitness in

Patients With Heart Failure as a Possible Risk Factor for Impaired Driving Performance. Am J Occup Ther,

69(2), 6902260010p6902260011-6902260018. doi:10.5014/ajot.2015.013573

Al-Samarraie, M. S., Karinen, R., Morland, J., & Stokke Opdal, M. (2010). Blood GHB concentrations and results of

medical examinations in 25 car drivers in Norway. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 66(10), 987-998.

doi:10.1007/s00228-010-0870-x

Alvarez, F. J. (2016). Parkinson's disease, antiparkinson medicines, and driving. Expert Rev Neurother, 16(9), 1023-1032.

doi:10.1080/14737175.2016.1218278

Alvarez, F. J., del Rio, M. C., & Prada, R. (1995). Drinking and driving in Spain. J Stud Alcohol, 56(4), 403-407.

Alvarez, F. J., & Fierro, I. (2008). Older drivers, medical condition, medical impairment and crash risk. Accid Anal Prev,

40(1), 55-60. doi:S0001-4575(07)00068-1 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2007.04.001 [doi]

Alvarez, F. J., Fierro, I., & Del Rio, M. C. (2007). Cannabis and driving: results from a general population survey. Forensic

Sci Int, 170(2-3), 111-116. doi:S0379-0738(07)00553-1 [pii]

10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.024 [doi]

Alvarez, F. J., Fierro, I., Gomez-Talegon, M. T., Vicondoa, A., & Ozcoidi, M. (2008). Patients treated with obstructive

sleep apnea syndrome and fitness to drive assessment in clinical practice in Spain at the medical traffic

centers. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(2), 168-172. doi:10.1080/15389580701882615

Alvarez, F. J., Fierro, I., Vicondoa, A., Ozcoidi, M., & Gomez-Talegon, T. (2007). Assessment of fitness to drive and

cardiovascular diseases at the Spanish medical traffic centres. Circ J, 71(11), 1800-1804.

Alvestad, M., & Haugen, O. A. (1999). [Death behind the wheel]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 119(7), 966-968.

Alzheimer's Society of Ireland. (2016). Driving and dementia. Retrieved from

https://www.alzheimer.ie/Living-with-dementia/I-am-a-Carer/Plan-for-the-future/Driving-and-dementia.aspx

American Academy of Neurology, A. E. S., Epilepsy Foundation of America. (1994). Consensus statements, sample

statutory provisions, and model regulations regarding driver licensing and epilepsy. American Academy of

Neurology, American Epilepsy Society, and Epilepsy Foundation of America. Epilepsia, 35(3), 696-705.

American Diabetes, A., Lorber, D., Anderson, J., Arent, S., Cox, D. J., & Frier, B. M. (2014). Diabetes and driving. Diabetes

Care, 37. doi:10.2337/dc14-S097

American Geriatrics Society & Pomidor, A. (Ed.) (2016). Clinician’s Guide to Assessing and Counseling Older Drivers, 3rd

Edition An Update of the Physician's Guide to Assessing and Counseling Older Drivers (3rd Edution ed.).

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) (5th ed.).

Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.

Amick, M. M., D'Abreu, A., Moro-de-Casillas, M. L., Chou, K. L., & Ott, B. R. (2007). Excessive daytime sleepiness and

on-road driving performance in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci, 252(1), 13-15.

Amick, M. M., Grace, J., & Ott, B. R. (2007). Visual and cognitive predictors of driving safety in Parkinson's disease

patients. Arch Clin Neuropsychol, 22(8), 957-967. doi:S0887-6177(07)00160-6 [pii]

10.1016/j.acn.2007.07.004 [doi]

Anda, R. F., Remington, P. L., Dodson, D. L., DeGuire, P. J., Forman, M. R., & Gunn, R. A. (1987). Patterns of self-reported

drinking and driving in Michigan. Am J Prev Med, 3(5), 271-275.

Anderson, D. P. (2000). Vision standards for driving in Canada. Can J Ophthalmol, 35(4), 183-184.

Anderson, D. P., Casson, E. J., Buncic, R., Chauhan, B. C., Duquette, C., & Drouin, H. (2000). Canadian Ophthalmological

Society recommendations for driving standards and procedures in Canada. Canadian Journal of

Ophthalmology / Journal Canadien d'Ophtalmologie, 35(4), 187-191.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-4182(00)80029-0

Anderson, M. H., & Camm, A. J. (1994). Legal and ethical aspects of driving and working in patients with an

implantable cardioverter defibrillator. American Heart Journal, 127(4, Part 2), 1185-1193.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(94)90108-2

Anstey, K. J., Windsor, T. D., Luszcz, M. A., & Andrews, G. R. (2006). Predicting driving cessation over 5 years in older

adults: psychological well-being and cognitive competence are stronger predictors than physical health. J

Am Geriatr Soc, 54(1), 121-126.

Anstey, K. J., & Wood, J. (2011). Chronological age and age-related cognitive deficits are associated with an increase in

multiple types of driving errors in late life. Neuropsychology, 25(5), 613-621. doi:10.1037/a0023835

Anstey, K. J., Wood, J., Lord, S., & Walker, J. G. (2005). Cognitive, sensory and physical factors enabling driving safety in

older adults. Clin Psychol Rev, 25(1), 45-65.

Antecol, D. H., & Roberts, W. C. (1990). Sudden death behind the wheel from natural disease in drivers of four-

wheeled motorized vehicles. Am J Cardiol, 66(19), 1329-1335.

Antin, J. F., Lockhart, T. E., Stanley, L. M., & Guo, F. (2012). Comparing the impairment profiles of older drivers and

non-drivers: Toward the development of a fitness-to-drive model. Safety Science, 50(2), 333-341.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2011.09.013

Antonopoulos, C. N., Sergentanis, T. N., Daskalopoulou, S. S., & Petridou, E. T. (2011). Nasal continuous positive airway

pressure (nCPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnea, road traffic accidents and driving simulator

performance: a meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev, 15(5), 301-310. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2010.10.002

Anuradha, S., Potter, C., & Fernquest, G. (2007). Vision and drivers--a South Wales survey. J Public Health (Oxf).

doi:fdm031 [pii]

10.1093/pubmed/fdm031 [doi]

Arai, A., & Arai, Y. (2015). Self-assessed driving behaviors associated with age among middle-aged and older adults in

Japan. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 60(1), 39-44. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2014.10.017

Arbesman, M., & Pellerito, J. M., Jr. (2008). Evidence-based perspective on the effect of automobile-related

modifications on the driving ability, performance, and safety of older adults. Am J Occup Ther, 62(2),

173-186.

Arita, A., Sasanabe, R., Hasegawa, R., Nomura, A., Hori, R., Mano, M., . . . Shiomi, T. (2015). Risk factors for automobile

accidents caused by falling asleep while driving in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Breath, 19(4),

1229-1234. doi:10.1007/s11325-015-1145-7

Arnedt, J. T., Wilde, G. J., Munt, P. W., & MacLean, A. W. (2001). How do prolonged wakefulness and alcohol compare

in the decrements they produce on a simulated driving task? Accid Anal Prev, 33(3), 337-344.

Arnold, P. K., & Hartley, L. R. (2001). Policies and practices of transport companies that promote or hinder the

management of driver fatigue. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 4(1), 1-17.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8478(01)00010-9

Asbridge, M., Desapriya, E., Ogilvie, R., Cartwright, J., Mehrnoush, V., Ishikawa, T., & Nuwan Weerasinghe, D. (2017).

The impact of restricted driver’s licenses on crash risk for older drivers: A systematic review. Transportation

Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 97, 137-145. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.01.006

Ashendorf, L., Jefferson, A. L., O'Connor, M. K., Chaisson, C., Green, R. C., & Stern, R. A. (2008). Trail Making Test errors

in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 23(2),

129-137. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.11.005

Association, A. M. (2017). AMA. Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/

Association, C. M. (2016). CMA Driver's Guide. Retrieved from https://www.cma.ca/En/Pages/drivers-guide.aspx

Association, C. M. (2017). CMA Driver's Guide: Determining medical fitness to operate motor vehicles. Canadian Medical

Association.

Auffarth, G. U., Hunold, W., Hurtgen, P., Wesendahl, T. A., & Mehdorn, E. (1994). [Night driving capacity of

pseudophakic patients]. Ophthalmologe, 91(4), 454-459.

Augsburger, M., & Rivier, L. (1997). Drugs and alcohol among suspected impaired drivers in Canton de Vaud

(Switzerland). Forensic Sci Int, 85(2), 95-104.

Austin, J. K., Hesdorffer, D. C., Liverman, C. T., & Schultz, A. M. (2012). Testimonies submitted for the Institute of

Medicine report: Epilepsy across the spectrum: Promoting health and understanding. Epilepsy & Behavior,

25(4), 634-661. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.10.003

Austroads. (2016). Assessing fitness to drive. Retrieved from

http://www.austroads.com.au/drivers-vehicles/assessing-fitness-to-drive

Authority, H. P. R. (2017). Cannabis for medical use: A scientific review. Retrieved from Dublin:

http://www.hpra.ie/docs/default-source/publications-forms/newsletters/cannabis-for-medical-use---a-scient

ific-review.pdf?Status=Master&sfvrsn=7

Avanzi, M., Baratti, M., Cabrini, S., Uber, E., Brighetti, G., & Bonfa, F. (2008). The thrill of reckless driving in patients with

Parkinson's disease: an additional behavioural phenomenon in dopamine dysregulation syndrome?

Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 14(3), 257-258. doi:S1353-8020(07)00073-9 [pii]

10.1016/j.parkreldis.2007.04.006

Ayas, N., Skomro, R., Blackman, A., Curren, K., Fitzpatrick, M., Fleetham, J., . . . Series, F. (2014). Obstructive sleep apnea

and driving: A Canadian Thoracic Society and Canadian Sleep Society position paper. Can Respir J, 21(2),

114-123.

Azofeifa, A., Mattson, M. E., & Lyerla, R. (2015). Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol, Marijuana, and Alcohol and

Marijuana Combined Among Persons Aged 16-25 Years - United States, 2002-2014. MMWR Morb Mortal

Wkly Rep, 64(48), 1325-1329. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6448a1

Babaee, S., Bagherikahvarin, M., Sarrazin, R., Shen, Y., & Hermans, E. (2015). Use of DEA and PROMETHEE II to assess

the performance of older drivers. Paper presented at the Transportation Resarch Procedia.

Backman, A. L. (1983). Health survey of professional drivers. Scand J Work Environ Health, 9(1), 30-35.

Bahro, M., Silber, Box, P., & Sunderland, T. (1995). Giving up driving in Alzheimer's disease - an integrative therapeutic

approach. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 10(10), 871-874.

Bajaj, J. S. (2008). Minimal hepatic encephalopathy matters in daily life. World J Gastroenterol, 14(23), 3609-3615.

Bajaj, J. S., Hafeezullah, M., Hoffmann, R. G., & Saeian, K. (2007). Minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a vehicle for

accidents and traffic violations. Am J Gastroenterol, 102(9), 1903-1909. doi:AJG1424 [pii]

10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01424.x [doi]

Bajaj, J. S., Heuman, D. M., Wade, J. B., Gibson, D. P., Saeian, K., Wegelin, J. A., . . . Sanyal, A. J. (2011). Rifaximin

improves driving simulator performance in a randomized trial of patients with minimal hepatic

encephalopathy. Gastroenterology, 140(2), 478-487 e471. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.08.061

Bajaj, J. S., Stein, A. C., & Dubinsky, R. M. (2011). What Is Driving the Legal Interest in Hepatic Encephalopathy? Clinical

Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 9(2), 97-98. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.031

Baker, A., Unsworth, C. A., & Lannin, N. A. (2015). Fitness-to-drive after mild traumatic brain injury: Mapping the time

trajectory of recovery in the acute stages post injury. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 79, 50-55.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.03.014

Bako, G., Mackenzie, W. C., & Smith, E. S. (1976). Survey of impaired drivers, fatally injured or surviving, who caused

fatal highway accidents in Alberta in 1970-72. Can Med Assoc J, 115(9), 856-857.

Bal, T., Coeckelbergh, T., Van Looveren, J., Rozema, J. J., & Tassignon, M. J. (2011). Influence of cataract morphology on

straylight and contrast sensitivity and its relevance to fitness to drive. Ophthalmologica, 225(2), 105-111.

doi:10.1159/000317076

Baldock, M. R., Mathias, J. L., McLean, A. J., & Berndt, A. (2006). Self-regulation of driving and its relationship to driving

ability among older adults. Accid Anal Prev, 38(5), 1038-1045.

Ball, K., & Owsley, C. (1991). Identifying correlates of accident involvement for the older driver. Hum Factors, 33(5),

583-595. doi:10.1177/001872089103300509

Ball, K., Owsley, C., Sloane, M. E., Roenker, D. L., & Bruni, J. R. (1993). Visual attention problems as a predictor of

vehicle crashes in older drivers. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 34(11), 3110-3123.

Ball, K., Owsley, C., Stalvey, B., Roenker, D. L., Sloane, M. E., & Graves, M. (1998). Driving avoidance and functional

impairment in older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 30(3), 313-322.

Ball, K., Ross, L. A., Eby, D. W., Molnar, L. J., & Meuser, T. M. (2013). Emerging issues in safe and sustainable mobility for

older persons. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 61, 138-140. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.09.022

Ball, K. K., Roenker, D. L., Wadley, V. G., Edwards, J. D., Roth, D. L., McGwin, G., Jr., . . . Dube, T. (2006). Can high-risk

older drivers be identified through performance-based measures in a Department of Motor Vehicles setting?

J Am Geriatr Soc, 54(1), 77-84.

Bansch, D., Brunn, J., Castrucci, M., Weber, M., Gietzen, F., Borggrefe, M., . . . Block, M. (1998). Syncope in patients with

an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: incidence, prediction and implications for driving restrictions. J Am

Coll Cardiol, 31(3), 608-615.

Bao, S., & Boyle, L. N. (2009). Age-related differences in visual scanning at median-divided highway intersections in

rural areas. Accid Anal Prev, 41(1), 146-152. doi:S0001-4575(08)00194-2 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2008.10.007

Barbic, F., Casazza, G., Zamuner, A. R., Costantino, G., Orlandi, M., Dipaola, F., . . . Furlan, R. (2014). Driving and working

with syncope. Auton Neurosci, 184, 46-52. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2014.05.006

Barkley, R. A., & Cox, D. (2007). A review of driving risks and impairments associated with

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the effects of stimulant medication on driving performance. J

Safety Res, 38(1), 113-128. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2006.09.004

Barlag, H., Erkens, M., & Althoff, H. (1994). [A correlation between level of blood alcohol and repeated offense].

Blutalkohol, 31(6), 343-350.

Barnett, K., Mercer, S. W., Norbury, M., Watt, G., Wyke, S., & Guthrie, B. (2012). Epidemiology of multimorbidity and

implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study. The Lancet, 380(9836),

37-43. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60240-2

Barolin, G. S., & Haslinger, A. (1991). [Seizures and driver's licence]. Wien Med Wochenschr Suppl, 109, Suppl 9-19.

Barsam, A., & Laidlaw, A. (2006). Visual fields in patients who have undergone vitrectomy for complications of diabetic

retinopathy. A prospective study. BMC Ophthalmol, 6, 5.

Bartley, M., & O’Neill, D. (2010). Transportation and driving in longitudinal studies on ageing. Age and ageing, 39(5),

631-636.

Baskett, R., Crowell, R., Freed, D., Giannetti, N., & Simpson, C. S. (2012). Canadian Cardiovascular Society Focused

Position Statement Update on Assessment of the Cardiac Patient for Fitness to Drive: Fitness Following Left

Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 28(2), 137-140.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2011.11.017

Basu, P. P., Rayapudi, K., Shah, N. J., Krishnaswamy, N., & Brown, R. S. (2013). Effects of triple-drug therapy with

nitazoxanide, high-dose ribavirin and peginterferon-alpha-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatol

Res, 43(6), 589-595. doi:10.1111/hepr.12013

Basu, P. P., & Shah, N. J. (2015). Clinical and Neurologic Manifestation of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Overt

Hepatic Encephalopathy. Clin Liver Dis, 19(3), 461-472. doi:10.1016/j.cld.2015.05.003

Bauer, M. J., Adler, G., Kuskowski, M. A., & Rottunda, S. (2003). The influence of age and gender on the driving

patterns of older adults. J Women Aging, 15(4), 3-16.

Baumer, F., Stedtfeld, H. W., Dimitriadis, K., & Hocht, B. (1991). [Polytrauma in automobile drivers--on the coincidence

of adolescents and the elderly]. Versicherungsmedizin, 43(2), 41-44.

Baumgartner, T. (2011). [Statutory basis and legal aspects of evaluating a person's aptitude to drive]. Ther Umsch,

68(5), 231-233. doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000156

Beaumont, G. (2007). Automatism and hypoglycaemia. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 14(2), 103-107.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.01.010

Beauregard, L. A., Barnard, P. W., Russo, A. M., & Waxman, H. L. (1995). Perceived and actual risks of driving in patients

with arrhythmia control devices. Arch Intern Med, 155(6), 609-613.

Bech, P., Thomsen, J., & Rafaelsen, O. J. (1976). Long-term lithium treatment: effect on simulated driving and other

psychological tests. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 10(5), 331-335.

Beck, B., Stevenson, M., Newstead, S., Cameron, P., Judson, R., Edwards, E. R., . . . Gabbe, B. (2016). Bicycling crash

characteristics: An in-depth crash investigation study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 96, 219-227.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.08.012

Beck, K. H., Fell, J. C., & Yan, A. F. (2009). A comparison of drivers with high versus low perceived risk of being caught

and arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol. Traffic Inj Prev, 10(4), 312-319. doi:913060623 [pii]

10.1080/15389580903022507

Beck, K. H., Rauch, W. J., Baker, E. A., & Williams, A. F. (1999). Effects of ignition interlock license restrictions on drivers

with multiple alcohol offenses: a randomized trial in Maryland. Am J Public Health, 89(11), 1696-1700.

Beck, K. H., Yan, A. F., Wang, M. Q., Kerns, T. J., & Burch, C. A. (2009). The relationship between impaired driving

crashes and beliefs about impaired driving: do residents in high crash rate counties have greater concerns

about impaired driving? Traffic Inj Prev, 10(2), 127-133. doi:910021085 [pii]

10.1080/15389580802594960

Bedard, M., Campbell, S., Riendeau, J., Maxwell, H., & Weaver, B. (2016). Visual-cognitive tools used to determine

fitness-to-drive may reflect normal aging. Clin Exp Optom, 99(5), 456-461. doi:10.1111/cxo.12433

Bedard, M., Leonard, E., McAuliffe, J., Weaver, B., Gibbons, C., & Dubois, S. (2006). Visual attention and older drivers:

the contribution of inhibition of return to safe driving. Exp Aging Res, 32(2), 119-135.

Bedard, M., Marshall, S., Man-Son-Hing, M., Weaver, B., Gelinas, I., Korner-Bitensky, N., . . . Vrkljan, B. (2013). It is

premature to test older drivers with the SIMARD-MD. Accid Anal Prev, 61, 317-321.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.04.001

Bedard, M., & Meyers, J. R. (2004). The influence of passengers on older drivers involved in fatal crashes. Exp Aging

Res, 30(2), 205-215.

Bedard, M., Porter, M. M., Marshall, S., Isherwood, I., Riendeau, J., Weaver, B., . . . Miller-Polgar, J. (2008). The

combination of two training approaches to improve older adults' driving safety. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(1), 70-76.

doi:791419853 [pii]

10.1080/15389580701670705 [doi]

Bedard, M., Riendeau, J., Weaver, B., & Clarkson, A. (2011). Roadwise Review has limited congruence with actual

driving performance of aging drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 43(6), 2209-2214. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.05.025

Bedard, M., Weaver, B., Darzins, P., & Porter, M. M. (2008). Predicting driving performance in older adults: we are not

there yet! Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 336-341. doi:901526433 [pii]

10.1080/15389580802117184

Behrensdorff, I., & Steentoft, A. (2003). Medicinal and illegal drugs among Danish car drivers. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 35(6), 851-860.

Bekiaris, D. E., & Baten, M. G. (2002). Human vehicle interaction for elderly drivers: The myth and the challenge IFAC

Proceedings Volumes, 35(1), 13-18. doi:https://doi.org/10.3182/20020721-6-ES-1901.01470

Benbadis, S. R., Blustein, J. N., & Sunstad, L. (2000). Should patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures be allowed

to drive? Epilepsia, 41(7), 895-897.

Benenson, R. S., Lantry III, J. H., & Schafer, J. L. (2004). Elderly patients presenting to the emergency department: Do

physicians identify unsafe drivers? Annals of Emergency Medicine

ACEP Research Forum, 44(Supplement 1), S69.

Bener, A., Murdoch, J. C., Achan, N. V., Karama, A. H., & Sztriha, L. (1996). The effect of epilepsy on road traffic

accidents and casualties. Seizure, 5(3), 215-219. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1059-1311(96)80039-2

Bennett, J. M., Chekaluk, E., & Batchelor, J. (2016). Cognitive Tests and Determining Fitness to Drive in Dementia: A

Systematic Review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 64(9), 1904-1917. doi:10.1111/jgs.14180

Bensadon, B. A., & Odenheimer, G. L. (2013). Current Management Decisions in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Clin

Geriatr Med, 29(4), 847-871. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2013.07.008

Beran, R. G. (1998). Confidentiality and the management of patients with epilepsy who fail to comply with doctor's

advice not to drive: A survey of medical/legal opinions in Australia. Seizure, 7(6), 459-468.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1059-1311(98)80003-4

Beran, R. G., Gerber, P., & Devereux, J. A. (2009). Usefulness of Austroads' fitness-to-drive guidelines: lessons from the

Gillett case. Med J Aust, 190(9), 503-505.

Beratis, I. N., Andronas, N., Kontaxopoulou, D., Fragkiadaki, S., Pavlou, D., Papatriantafyllou, J., . . . Papageorgiou, S. G.

(2017). Driving in mild cognitive impairment: The role of depressive symptoms. Traffic Inj Prev, 18(5),

470-476. doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1265648

Beratis, I. N., Pavlou, D., Papadimitriou, E., Andronas, N., Kontaxopoulou, D., Fragkiadaki, S., . . . Papageorgiou, S. G.

(2017). Mild Cognitive Impairment and driving: Does in-vehicle distraction affect driving performance?

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 103, 148-155. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.03.014

Berg, A. T., Vickrey, B. G., Sperling, M. R., Langfitt, J. T., Bazil, C. W., Shinnar, S., . . . Spencer, S. S. (2000). Driving in

adults with refractory localization-related epilepsy. Multi-Center Study of Epilepsy Surgery. Neurology, 54(3),

625-630.

Bergen, G., West, B. A., Luo, F., Bird, D. C., Freund, K., Fortinsky, R. H., & Staplin, L. (2017). How do older adult drivers

self-regulate? Characteristics of self-regulation classes defined by latent class analysis. J Safety Res, 61,

205-210. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2017.01.002

Bergmann, L. C., Darius, S., Kropf, S., & Bockelmann, I. (2016). [Measurement of contrast vision: mesopic or photopic

vision? : Comparison of different methods for measuring contrast sensitivity within the framework of driving

licence regulations]. Ophthalmologe, 113(10), 844-851. doi:10.1007/s00347-016-0261-5

Bergot, L., Cuchard, S., Mazeaud, S., Magro, E., & Seizeur, R. (2016). [Impact of driving restrictions disclosure on quality

of life of patients with a glial tumor: A prospective study]. Bull Cancer, 103(3), 236-240.

doi:10.1016/j.bulcan.2015.10.021

Bergsma, D. P., Leenders, M. J., Verster, J. C., van der Wildt, G. J., & van den Berg, A. V. (2011). Oculomotor behavior of

hemianopic chronic stroke patients in a driving simulator is modulated by vision training. Restor Neurol

Neurosci, 29(5), 347-359. doi:10.3233/rnn-2011-604

Berndt, A., Clark, M., & May, E. (2008). Dementia severity and on-road assessment: briefly revisited. Australas J Ageing,

27(3), 157-160. doi:AJA300 [pii]

10.1111/j.1741-6612.2008.00300.x

Bernheim, J., & Fryc, O. (1979). [Alcoholism and driving ability]. Bull Schweiz Akad Med Wiss, 35(1-3), 187-193.

Bernhoft, I. M., & Behrensdorff, I. (2003). Effect of lowering the alcohol limit in Denmark. Accid Anal Prev, 35(4),

515-525.

Betz, M. E., & Fisher, J. (2009). The Trail-making Test B and driver screening in the emergency department. Traffic Inj

Prev, 10(5), 415-420. doi:10.1080/15389580903132819

Betz, M. E., Jones, J., & Carr, D. B. (2015). System facilitators and barriers to discussing older driver safety in primary

care settings. Inj Prev, 21(4), 231-237. doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041450

Betz, M. E., Jones, J., Genco, E., Carr, D. B., DiGuiseppi, C., Haukoos, J. S., . . . Schwartz, R. (2016). Perspectives on Tiered

Older Driver Assessment in Primary Care Settings. Gerontologist, 56(2), 272-281. doi:10.1093/geront/gnu038

Bhalla, R. K., Papandonatos, G. D., Stern, R. A., & Ott, B. R. (2007). Anxiety of Alzheimer's disease patients before and

after a standardized on-road driving test. Alzheimer's and Dementia, 3(1), 33-39.

Bhatia, K., Brooks, D. J., Burn, D. J., Clarke, C. E., Grosset, D. G., MacMahon, D. G., . . . Williams, A. C. (2001). Updated

guidelines for the management of Parkinson's disease. Hosp Med, 62(8), 456-470.

Bicknell, R., Ibrahim, J., Bugeja, L., & Ranson, D. (2015). THE DANGERS OF DEMENTIA: GETTING THE BALANCE RIGHT. J

Law Med, 23(2), 303-307.

Bieber-Tregear, M., Funmilayo, D., Amana, A., Connor, D., & Tregear, S. (2011). Diabetes and commercial motor vehicle

safety. Department of Transportation’s Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.

Biederman, J., Fried, R., Monuteaux, M. C., Reimer, B., Coughlin, J. F., Surman, C. B., . . . Faraone, S. V. (2007). A

laboratory driving simulation for assessment of driving behavior in adults with ADHD: a controlled study.

Ann Gen Psychiatry, 6, 4.

Biering-Sorensen, F., Hansen, R. B., & Biering-Sorensen, J. (2004). Mobility aids and transport possibilities 10-45 years

after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 42(12), 699-706.

Bigert, C., Gustavsson, P., Hallqvist, J., Hogstedt, C., Lewne, M., Plato, N., . . . Scheele, P. (2003). Myocardial infarction

among professional drivers. Epidemiology, 14(3), 333-339.

Bil, M., Bilova, M., Dobias, M., & Andrasik, R. (2016). Circumstances and causes of fatal cycling crashes in the Czech

Republic. Traffic Inj Prev, 17(4), 394-399. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1094183

Bilban, M. (1997). Road traffic accidents caused by elderly drivers. Coll Antropol, 21(2), 573-583.

Bilban, M. (2009). Medical driver selection and alcohol. Forensic Science International Supplement Series, 1(1), 38-42.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.09.005

Bilban, M., Vojvoda, A., & Jerman, J. (2009). Age affects drivers' response times. Coll Antropol, 33(2), 467-471.

Bird, D. C., Freund, K., Fortinsky, R. H., Staplin, L., West, B. A., Bergen, G., & Downs, J. (2017). Driving self-regulation and

ride service utilization in a multicommunity, multistate sample of U.S. older adults. Traffic Inj Prev, 18(3),

267-272. doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1198008

Bird, S. (2005). Epilepsy, driving and confidentiality. Aust Fam Physician, 34(12), 1057-1058.

Bishop, M. D., Brunt, D., Kukulka, C., Tillman, M. D., & Pathare, N. (2003). Braking impulse and muscle activation during

unplanned gait termination in human subjects with parkinsonism. Neurosci Lett, 348(2), 89-92.

Bixby, K., Davis, J. D., & Ott, B. R. (2015). Comparing caregiver and clinician predictions of fitness to drive in people

with Alzheimer's disease. Am J Occup Ther, 69(3), 6903270030p6903270031-6903270037.

doi:10.5014/ajot.2015.013631

Blair, S., Chaudhri, O., & Gregori, A. (2002). Doctor, can I drive with this plaster? An evidence based response. Injury,

33(1), 55-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1383(01)00141-3

Blanchard, E. B., Hickling, E. J., Taylor, A. E., & Loos, W. (1995). Psychiatric morbidity associated with motor vehicle

accidents. J Nerv Ment Dis, 183(8), 495-504.

Blane, A. (2016). Through the Looking Glass: A Review of the Literature Investigating the Impact of Glaucoma on Crash

Risk, Driving Performance, and Driver Self-Regulation in Older Drivers. J Glaucoma, 25(1), 113-121.

doi:10.1097/ijg.0000000000000193

Bliokas, V. V., Taylor, J. E., Leung, J., & Deane, F. P. (2011). Neuropsychological assessment of fitness to drive following

acquired cognitive impairment. Brain Inj, 25(5), 471-487. doi:10.3109/02699052.2011.559609

Bloedow, R. A., & Adler, G. (1992). Driving and dementia: perspectives from an outpatient clinic. Soc Work Health Care,

17(3), 31-43.

Blume, H. G., Schuster, R., & Vieth, E. (1990). [Driving fitness of female headache patients in tests of traffic medicine--a

psychotechnical investigation]. Beitr Gerichtl Med, 48, 397-407.

Board, T. R. (1999). Technical Papers and Report. Paper presented at the Transportation in an

Aging Society, Bethesda, Maryland.

Bocca, M. L., Marie, S., Lelong-Boulouard, V., Bertran, F., Couque, C., Desfemmes, T., . . . Denise, P. (2011). Zolpidem

and zopiclone impair similarly monotonous driving performance after a single nighttime intake in aged

subjects. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 214(3), 699-706. doi:10.1007/s00213-010-2075-5

Boccara, V., Delhomme, P., Vidal-Gomel, C., Dommes, A., & Rogalski, J. (2010). Seniors' perceived driving skill in a

postlicense training program: comparison of instructors' assessments and self-assessments by seniors' age

and sex. Percept Mot Skills, 110(1), 117-128.

Boglioli, L. R., Taff, M. L., Green, A. S., Lukash, L. I., & Lane, R. (1988). A bizarre case of vehicular suicide. Am J Forensic

Med Pathol, 9(2), 169-178.

Bogner, H. R., Straton, J. B., Gallo, J. J., Rebok, G. W., & Keyl, P. M. (2004). The role of physicians in assessing older

drivers: barriers, opportunities, and strategies. J Am Board Fam Pract, 17(1), 38-43.

Bogstrand, S. T., & Gjerde, H. (2014). Which drugs are associated with highest risk for being arrested for driving under

the influence? A case-control study. Forensic Sci Int, 240, 21-28. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.03.027

Bohensky, M., Charlton, J., Odell, M., & Keeffe, J. (2008). Implications of vision testing for older driver licensing. Traffic

Inj Prev, 9(4), 304-313. doi:10.1080/15389580801895277

Boivin, D. B., & Boudreau, P. (2014). Impacts of shift work on sleep and circadian rhythms. Pathologie Biologie, 62(5),

292-301. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2014.08.001

Bondallaz, P., Favrat, B., Chtioui, H., Fornari, E., Maeder, P., & Giroud, C. (2016). Cannabis and its effects on driving

skills. Forensic Sci Int, 268, 92-102. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.09.007

Bonin-Guillaume, S. (2010). Elderly drivers: Assessing performance or predicting driving safety? European Geriatric

Medicine, 1(2), 93-94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2010.03.001

Bonnel, W. B. (1999). Giving up the car: older women's losses and experiences. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv,

37(5), 10-15.

Bonnett, L. J., Shukralla, A., Tudur-Smith, C., Williamson, P. R., & Marson, A. G. (2011). Seizure recurrence after

antiepileptic drug withdrawal and the implications for driving: further results from the MRC Antiepileptic

Drug Withdrawal Study and a systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 82(12), 1328-1333.

doi:10.1136/jnnp.2010.222885

Boot, W. R., Stothart, C., & Charness, N. (2014). Improving the safety of aging road users: a mini-review. Gerontology,

60(1), 90-96. doi:10.1159/000354212

Booth, R. E., & Grosswiler, R. A. (1978). Correlates and predictors of recidivism among drinking drivers. Int J Addict,

13(1), 79-88.

Borromei, A., Caramelli, R., Chieregatti, G., d'Orsi, U., Guerra, L., Lozito, A., & Vargiu, B. (1999). Ability and fitness to

drive of Parkinson's disease patients. Funct Neurol, 14(4), 227-234.

Boufous, S., Finch, C., Hayen, A., & Williamson, A. (2008). The impact of environmental, vehicle and driver

characteristics on injury severity in older drivers hospitalized as a result of a traffic crash. J Safety Res, 39(1),

65-72. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2007.10.010

Boulias, C., Meikle, B., Pauley, T., & Devlin, M. (2006). Return to driving after lower-extremity amputation. Arch Phys

Med Rehabil, 87(9), 1183-1188.

Bowers, A., Peli, E., Elgin, J., McGwin, G., Jr., & Owsley, C. (2005). On-road driving with moderate visual field loss.

Optom Vis Sci, 82(8), 657-667.

Bowers, A. R. (2016). Driving with homonymous visual field loss: a review of the literature. Clin Exp Optom, 99(5),

402-418. doi:10.1111/cxo.12425

Bowers, A. R., Anastasio, R. J., Sheldon, S. S., O’Connor, M. G., Hollis, A. M., Howe, P. D., & Horowitz, T. S. (2013). Can

we improve clinical prediction of at-risk older drivers? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 59, 537-547.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.06.037

Boyce, T. E., & Geller, E. S. (2001). A technology to measure multiple driving behaviors without self-report or

participant reactivity. J Appl Behav Anal, 34(1), 39-55.

Bradstock, M. K., Marks, J. S., Forman, M. R., Gentry, E. M., Hogelin, G. C., Binkin, N. J., & Trowbridge, F. L. (1987).

Drinking-driving and health lifestyle in the United States: Behavioral Risk Factors Surveys. J Stud Alcohol,

48(2), 147-152.

Brady, J. E., & Li, G. (2014). Trends in alcohol and other drugs detected in fatally injured drivers in the United States,

1999-2010. Am J Epidemiol, 179(6), 692-699. doi:10.1093/aje/kwt327

Braekhus, A. (1997). [Aging, dementia and automobile driving]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 117(25), 3688-3689.

Braekhus, A., & Engedal, K. (1996). Mental impairment and driving licences for elderly people--a survey among

Norwegian general practitioners. Scand J Prim Health Care, 14(4), 223-228.

Bramness, J. G., Skurtveit, S., Neutel, C. I., Morland, J., & Engeland, A. (2009). An increased risk of road traffic accidents

after prescriptions of lithium or valproate? Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 18(6), 492-496.

doi:10.1002/pds.1740

Braver, E. R., Kyrychenko, S. Y., & Ferguson, S. A. (2004). Comparing driver frontal mortality in vehicles with redesigned

and older-design front airbags. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med, 48, 1-14.

Braver, E. R., Kyrychenko, S. Y., & Ferguson, S. A. (2005). Driver mortality in frontal crashes: comparison of newer and

older airbag designs. Traffic Inj Prev, 6(1), 24-30. doi:10.1080/15389580590903140

Braver, E. R., & Trempel, R. E. (2004). Are older drivers actually at higher risk of involvement in collisions resulting in

deaths or non-fatal injuries among their passengers and other road users? Inj Prev, 10(1), 27-32.

Brayne, C., Dufouil, C., Ahmed, A., Dening, T. R., Chi, L. Y., McGee, M., & Huppert, F. A. (2000). Very old drivers: findings

from a population cohort of people aged 84 and over. Int J Epidemiol, 29(4), 704-707.

Breen, D. A., Breen, D. P., Moore, J. W., Breen, P. A., & O'Neill, D. (2007). Driving and dementia. Bmj, 334(7608),

1365-1369. doi:10.1136/bmj.39233.585208.55

Brenner, M., Butz, M., May, E. S., Kahlbrock, N., Kircheis, G., Haussinger, D., & Schnitzler, A. (2015). Patients with

manifest hepatic encephalopathy can reveal impaired thermal perception. Acta Neurol Scand, 132(3),

156-163. doi:10.1111/ane.12376

Bressler, N. M., Varma, R., Mitchell, P., Suner, I. J., Dolan, C., Ward, J., . . . Turpcu, A. (2016). Effect of Ranibizumab on

the Decision to Drive and Vision Function Relevant to Driving in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema:

Report From RESTORE, RIDE, and RISE Trials. JAMA Ophthalmol, 134(2), 160-166.

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.4636

Briggs, J. E., Patel, H., Butterfield, K., & Honeybourne, D. (1990). The effects of chronic obstructive airways disease on

the ability to drive and to use a roadside alcolmeter. Respir Med, 84(1), 43-46.

Brinig, M. F., Wilkinson, M. E., Daly, J. M., Jogerst, G. J., & Stone, E. M. (2007). Vision standards for licensing and driving.

Optometry, 78(9), 439-445. doi:10.1016/j.optm.2007.06.012

Bronstad, P. M., Albu, A., Bowers, A. R., Goldstein, R., & Peli, E. (2015). Driving with Central Visual Field Loss II: How

Scotomas above or below the Preferred Retinal Locus (PRL) Affect Hazard Detection in a Driving Simulator.

PLoS One, 10(9), e0136517. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136517

Bronstad, P. M., Albu, A., Goldstein, R., Peli, E., & Bowers, A. R. (2016). Driving with central field loss III: vehicle control.

Clin Exp Optom, 99(5), 435-440. doi:10.1111/cxo.12432

Brooke, B. T., & Southward, R. D. (2006). An audit of advice on fitness to drive during accident and emergency

department attendance. Emerg Med J, 23(2), 103-104. doi:10.1136/emj.2004.020776

Brooks, J. O., Dickerson, A., Crisler, M. C., Logan, W. C., Beeco, R. W., & Witte, J. C. (2011). Physician knowledge,

assessment, and reporting of older driver fitness. Occup Ther Health Care, 25(4), 213-224.

doi:10.3109/07380577.2011.607227

Brouwer, W. H., & Ponds, R. W. (1994). Driving competence in older persons. Disabil Rehabil, 16(3), 149-161.

Brouwer, W. H., Waterink, W., Van Wolffelaar, P. C., & Rothengatter, T. (1991). Divided attention in experienced young

and older drivers: lane tracking and visual analysis in a dynamic driving simulator. Hum Factors, 33(5),

573-582.

Brown, L. B., & Ott, B. R. (2004). Driving and dementia: a review of the literature. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 17(4),

232-240.

Brown, L. B., Ott, B. R., Papandonatos, G. D., Sui, Y., Ready, R. E., & Morris, J. C. (2005). Prediction of on-road driving

performance in patients with early Alzheimer's disease. J Am Geriatr Soc, 53(1), 94-98.

Brown, L. B., Stern, R. A., Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Rogers, B., Messer, M. A., Lannon, M. C., . . . Ott, B. R. (2005). Driving

scenes test of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) and on-road driving performance in aging

and very mild dementia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol, 20(2), 209-215.

Broz, J., Brabec, M., Janickova Zdarska, D., Fedakova, Z., Hoskovcova, L., You, J. Y., . . . Polak, J. (2015). Fear of driving

license withdrawal in patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus negatively influences their decision to

report severe hypoglycemic events to physicians. Patient Prefer Adherence, 9, 1367-1370.

doi:10.2147/ppa.s87393

Broz, J., Krivanova, L. S., Fedakova, Z., Petrosyan, L., Kvapil, M., & Polak, J. (2016). [Motor vehicle driving and diabetes

mellitus - medical aspects]. Vnitr Lek, 62(3), 223-225.

Broz, J., Sycova Krivanova, L., Janickova Zdarska, D., & Novak, O. (2016). [Motor vehicle driving and not only diabetes

mellitus - certain aspects of the legislations in the Czech Republic]. Vnitr Lek, 62(3), 226-228.

Broz, J., Thabit, H., Zd'arska, D. J., Sycova-Krivanova, L., Polak, J., & Frier, B. (2016). Licensing regulations for diabetes

and driving--Two sides of the same coin? Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 113, 215-216.

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2015.12.019

Brunnauer, A., Buschert, V., Fric, M., Distler, G., Sander, K., Segmiller, F., . . . Laux, G. (2015). Driving performance and

psychomotor function in depressed patients treated with agomelatine or venlafaxine. Pharmacopsychiatry,

48(2), 65-71. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1398509

Brunnauer, A., Buschert, V., & Laux, G. (2014). Dementia and driving. Nervenarzt, 85(7), 811-815.

doi:10.1007/s00115-013-3992-4

Brunnauer, A., Buschert, V., Segmiller, F., Zwick, S., Bufler, J., Schmauss, M., . . . Laux, G. (2016). Mobility behaviour and

driving status of patients with mental disorders - an exploratory study. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract, 20(1),

40-46. doi:10.3109/13651501.2015.1089293

Brunnauer, A., & Laux, G. (2011). Driving Ability under Sertindole. Pharmacopsychiatry. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1287781

Brunnauer, A., Laux, G., David, I., Fric, M., Hermisson, I., & Moller, H. J. (2008). The impact of reboxetine and

mirtazapine on driving simulator performance and psychomotor function in depressed patients. J Clin

Psychiatry, 69(12), 1880-1886.

Brunnauer, A., Laux, G., Geiger, E., & Möller, H.-J. (2004). The Impact of Antipsychotics on Psychomotor Performance

With Regards to Car Driving Skills. J Clin Psychopharmacol, 24(2), 155-160.

Brunnauer, A., Laux, G., Geiger, E., & Moller, H. J. (2004). The impact of antipsychotics on psychomotor performance

with regards to car driving skills. J Clin Psychopharmacol, 24(2), 155-160.

Brunnauer, A., Laux, G., Geiger, E., Soyka, M., & Moller, H. J. (2006). Antidepressants and driving ability: results from a

clinical study. J Clin Psychiatry, 67(11), 1776-1781.

Brunnauer, A., Laux, G., & Zwick, S. (2009). Driving simulator performance and psychomotor functions of schizophrenic

patients treated with antipsychotics. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 259(8), 483-489.

doi:10.1007/s00406-009-0014-4

Brunner, G. A., Semlitsch, B., Siebenhofer, A., & Pieber, T. R. (1996). [Driver's license, driving habits and traffic safety of

patients with diabetes mellitus]. Wien Klin Wochenschr, 108(22), 731-736.

Buchholtz, U., & Herrmann, R. (2009). [Fitness Check for elder drivers]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 42(3), 212-219.

doi:10.1007/s00391-009-0037-5

Buhmann, C., Vesper, J., & Oelsner, H. (2017). [Driving ability in Parkinson's disease]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr.

doi:10.1055/s-0043-110051

Bulmash, E. L., Moller, H. J., Kayumov, L., Shen, J., Wang, X., & Shapiro, C. M. (2006). Psychomotor disturbance in

depression: Assessment using a driving simulator paradigm. Journal of Affective Disorders, 93(1–3), 213-218.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.01.015

Bulstrode, S. J. (1987). Car mirrors for drivers with restricted neck mobility. Int Disabil Stud, 9(4), 180-181.

Burg, A. (1967). Some preliminary findings concerning the relation between vision and driving performance. J Am

Optom Assoc, 38(5), 372-377.

Buris, L., Kercs, L., Buris, L., Jr., Posta, J., Somogyi, G., & Darok, M. (2001). [Medical judgement on driving capability].

Orv Hetil, 142(17), 905-907.

Burkhardt, J. E., & MCGavock, A. T. (1999). Tomorrow's older drivers : Who? How many? What impacts? Transportation

Research Record, 78, 62-70.

Burki, T. K. (2013). Diabetes and driving. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 1(1), e7-e8.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(13)70017-2

Burns, P. C. (1999). Navigation and the mobility of older drivers. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 54(1), S49-55.

Busardo, F. P., Pellegrini, M., Klein, J., & di Luca, N. M. (2017). Neurocognitive correlates in driving under the influence

of cannabis. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. doi:10.2174/1871527316666170424115455

Busse, H. (1993). [Visual acuity and automobile driving fitness in the elderly]. Fortschr Med, 111(16), 274-278.

Butler, R. N., Faye, E. E., Guazzo, E., & Kupfer, C. (1997). Keeping an eye on vision: primary care of age-related ocular

disease. Part 1. Geriatrics, 52(8), 30-41.

Butlewski, M., & Hankiewicz, K. (2015). Psychomotor Performance Monitoring System in the Context of Fatigue and

Accident Prevention. Procedia Manufacturing, 3, 4860-4867. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.603

Byrnes, V. A. (1967). Vision and its importance in driving. Sight Sav Rev, 37(2), 87-91.

Byszewski, A., Aminzadeh, F., Robinson, K., Molnar, F., Dalziel, W., Man Son Hing, M., . . . Marshall, S. (2013). When it is

time to hang up the keys: the driving and dementia toolkit - for persons with dementia (PWD) and caregivers

- a practical resource. BMC Geriatr, 13, 117. doi:10.1186/1471-2318-13-117

Byszewski, A. M., Graham, I. D., Amos, S., Man-Son-Hing, M., Dalziel, W. B., Marshall, S., . . . Guzman, D. (2003). A

continuing medical education initiative for canadian primary care physicians: the driving and dementia

toolkit: a pre- and postevaluation of knowledge, confidence gained, and satisfaction. J Am Geriatr Soc,

51(10), 1484-1489.

Cable, G., Reisner, M., Gerges, S., & Thirumavalavan, V. (2000). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of geriatricians

regarding patients with dementia who are potentially dangerous automobile drivers: a national survey [see

comments]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 48(1), 14-17.

Caetano, R., & Clark, C. L. (2000). Hispanics, Blacks and White driving under the influence of alcohol: results from the

1995 National Alcohol Survey. Accid Anal Prev, 32(1), 57-64.

Caird, J., Chisholm, S., Lockhart, J., Vacha, N., Edwards, C., Creaser, J., & Hatch, K. (2006). In-vehicle intelligent

transportation systems (ITS) Countermeasures to improve older driver intersection performance. Retrieved from

Montreal:

Caird, J. K., Edwards, C. J., Creaser, J. I., & Horrey, W. J. (2005). Older driver failures of attention at intersections: using

change blindness methods to assess turn decision accuracy. Hum Factors, 47(2), 235-249.

doi:10.1518/0018720054679542

Cairney, R. (1997). Work by Alberta researchers may free MDs from awkward fitness-to-drive decisions [news]. Cmaj,

157(11), 1593-1594.

Cammarata, M., Mueller, A. S., Harris, J., & Vrkljan, B. (2017). The Role of the Occupational Therapist in Driver

Rehabilitation After Stroke. Phys Occup Ther Geriatr, 35(1), 20-33. doi:10.1080/02703181.2016.1277443

Campagne, A., Pebayle, T., & Muzet, A. (2004). Correlation between driving errors and vigilance level: influence of the

driver's age. Physiol Behav, 80(4), 515-524.

Campbell, M. K., Bush, T. L., & Hale, W. E. (1993). Medical conditions associated with driving cessation in community-

dwelling, ambulatory elders. J Gerontol, 48(4), S230-234.

Carmel, S., Rechavi, T. B., & Ben-Moshe, Y. (2014). Antecedents of self-regulation in driving among older drivers.

Ageing and Society, 34(7), 1097-1117.

Carmen del Rio, M., & Alvarez, F. J. (2001). Illicit drugs and fitness to drive: assessment in Spanish Medical Driving Test

Centres. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 64(1), 19-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-8716(00)00220-9

Carmody, J., Potter, J., Lewis, K., Bhargava, S., Traynor, V., & Iverson, D. (2014). Development and pilot testing of a

decision aid for drivers with dementia. - 14(- 1).

Carr, D., Jackson, T., & Alquire, P. (1990). Characteristics of an elderly driving population referred to a geriatric

assessment center. J Am Geriatr Soc, 38(10), 1145-1150.

Carr, D., Jackson, T. W., Madden, D. J., & Cohen, H. J. (1992). The effect of age on driving skills. J Am Geriatr Soc, 40(6),

567-573.

Carr, D. B. (1993). Assessing older drivers for physical and cognitive impairment. Geriatrics, 48(5), 46-48, 51.

Carr, D. B. (2000). The older adult driver [see comments]. Am Fam Physician, 61(1), 141-146, 148.

Carr, D. B. (2004). Commentary: The role of the emergency physician in older driver safety. Ann Emerg Med, 43(6),

747-748. doi:10.1016/s019606440400304x

Carr, D. B., Barco, P. P., Babulal, G. M., Stout, S. H., Johnson, A. M., Xiong, C., . . . Roe, C. M. (2016). Association of

Functional Impairments and Co-Morbid Conditions with Driving Performance among Cognitively Normal

Older Adults. PLoS One, 11(12), e0167751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167751

Carr, D. B., Barco, P. P., Wallendorf, M. J., Snellgrove, C. A., & Ott, B. R. (2011). Predicting road test performance in

drivers with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc, 59(11), 2112-2117. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03657.x

Carr, D. B., Duchek, J., & Morris, J. C. (2000). Characteristics of motor vehicle crashes of drivers with dementia of the

Alzheimer type [see comments]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 48(1), 18-22.

Carr, D. B., Duchek, J. M., Meuser, T. M., & Morris, J. C. (2006). Older adult drivers with cognitive impairment. Am Fam

Physician, 73(6), 1029-1034.

Carr, D. B., Flood, K., Steger-May, K., Schechtman, K. B., & Binder, E. F. (2006). Characteristics of frail older adult drivers.

J Am Geriatr Soc, 54(7), 1125-1129.

Carr, D. B., LaBarge, E., Dunnigan, K., & Storandt, M. (1998). Differentiating drivers with dementia of the Alzheimer

type from healthy older persons with a Traffic Sign Naming test. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 53(2),

M135-139.

Carr, D. B., & O'Neill, D. (2015). Mobility and safety issues in drivers with dementia. Int Psychogeriatr, 27(10),

1613-1622. doi:10.1017/s104161021500085x

Carr, D. B., & Ott, B. R. (2010). The older adult driver with cognitive impairment: "It's a very frustrating life". Jama,

303(16), 1632-1641. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.481

Carrozzino, D., Bech, P., Patierno, C., Onofrj, M., Morberg, B. M., Thomas, A., . . . Fulcheri, M. (2017). Somatization in

Parkinson's Disease: A systematic review. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry,

78, 18-26. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.05.011

Carter, K., Monaghan, S., O'Brien, J., Teodorczuk, A., Mosimann, U., & Taylor, J.-P. (2015). Driving and dementia: a

clinical decision pathway. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 30(2), 210-216. doi:10.1002/gps.4132

Casey, C. M., Salinas, K., & Eckstrom, E. (2015). Electronic Health Record Tools to Care for At-Risk Older Drivers: A

Quality Improvement Project. Gerontologist, 55 Suppl 1, S128-139. doi:10.1093/geront/gnv021

Casson, E. J., & Racette, L. (2000). Vision standards for driving in Canada and the United States. A review for the

Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology / Journal Canadien

d'Ophtalmologie, 35(4), 192-203. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-4182(00)80030-7

Casutt, G., Martin, M., Keller, M., & Jäncke, L. (2014). The relation between performance in on-road driving, cognitive

screening and driving simulator in older healthy drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology

and Behaviour, 22, 232-244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2013.12.007

Chacko, E. E., Wright, W. M., Worrall, R. C., Adamson, C., & Cheung, G. (2015). Reactions to driving cessation: a

qualitative study of people with dementia and their families. Australas Psychiatry, 23(5), 496-499.

doi:10.1177/1039856215591326

Chan, C. C. H., Fage, B. A., Smailagic, N., Gill, S. S., Herrmann, N., Nikolaou, V., & Seitz, D. P. (2014). Mini-Cog for the

diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease dementia and other dementias within a secondary care setting. Cochrane

Database of Systematic Reviews(12). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011414

Chan, M. L., Gustafsson, L., & Liddle, J. (2010). Survey of health and licensing policies for taxi drivers in Singapore,

Hong Kong and Australia: a perspective from evidence on older drivers. Singapore Med J, 51(12), 913-922.

Chang, Z., Lichtenstein, P., D’Onofrio, B. M., Sjölander, A., & Larsson, H. (2014). Serious transport accidents in adults

with ADHD, and the effect of medication: A population based study. JAMA Psychiatry, 71(3), 319-325.

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4174

Chaparro, A., Wood, J. M., & Carberry, T. (2005). Effects of age and auditory and visual dual tasks on closed-road

driving performance. Optom Vis Sci, 82(8), 747-754.

Charlton, J., Koppel, S., Odell, M., Devlin, A., Langford, J., O'Hare, M., . . . M, C. (2010). Influence of chronic illness on

crash involvement of motor vehicle drivers. (300). Melbourne: Monash University Accident Research Centre

Retrieved from http://www.monash.edu/muarc/research/our-publications/muarc300.

Charlton, J. L., Catchlove, M., Scully, M., Koppel, S., & Newstead, S. (2013). Older driver distraction: a naturalistic study

of behaviour at intersections. Accid Anal Prev, 58, 271-278. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.027

Charlton, J. L., Oxley, J., Fildes, B., Oxley, P., & Newstead, S. (2003). Self-regulatory behaviours of older drivers. Annu

Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med, 47, 181-194.

Charlton, J. L., Oxley, J., Fildes, B., Oxley, P., Newstead, S., Koppel, S., & O’Hare, M. (2006). Characteristics of older

drivers who adopt self-regulatory driving behaviours. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and

Behaviour, 9(5), 363-373. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2006.06.006

Charman, W. N. (1997). Vision and driving--a literature review and commentary. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 17(5),

371-391.

Chaudhary, N. K., Tison, J., McCartt, A. T., & Fields, M. (2011). Patterns of recidivism related to case dispositions of

alcohol-impaired driving offenses. Traffic Inj Prev, 12(3), 210-216. doi:938319345 [pii]

10.1080/15389588.2011.553250

Chee, J., Herrmann, N., Vrkljan, B., Hawley, C. A., Gillespie, I. A., Koppel, S., . . . M, R. (2017). Dementia and Driving: An

international approach to knowledge synthesis. Paper presented at the TRB 96th Annual Meeing, Washington,

DC.

Chee, J., Rapoort, M., Molnar, F., Herrmann, N., O'Neill, D., Marlotti, R., . . . DB, C. (2017). Update on the risk of motor

vehicle collision or driving impairment with dementia: A collaborative international systematic review and

meta-analysis. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. doi:http://dx.doi.org/doi:

10.1016/j.jagp.2017.05.007

Chee, J. N., Rapoport, M. J., Molnar, F., Herrmann, N., O'Neill, D., Marottoli, R., . . . Carr, D. B. (2017). Update on the Risk

of Motor Vehicle Collision or Driving Impairment with Dementia: a Collaborative International Systematic

Review and Meta-Analysis. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2017.05.007

Chen, J., Yan, B., Lu, H., Ren, J., Zou, X., Xiao, F., . . . Zhou, D. (2014). Driving among patients with epilepsy in West

China. Epilepsy & Behavior, 33, 1-6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.01.020

Chen, K. B., Xu, X., Lin, J. H., & Radwin, R. G. (2015). Evaluation of older driver head functional range of motion using

portable immersive virtual reality. Exp Gerontol, 70, 150-156. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.010

Chen, V., Chacko, A. T., Costello, F. V., Desrosiers, N., Appleton, P., & Rodriguez, E. K. (2008). Driving After

Musculoskeletal Injury: Addressing Patient and Surgeon Concerns in an Urban Orthopaedic Practice. JBJS,

90(12), 2791-2797. doi:10.2106/jbjs.h.00431

Chen, W. C., Chen, E. Y., Gebre, R. Z., Johnson, M. R., Li, N., Vitkovskiy, P., & Blumenfeld, H. (2014). Epilepsy and driving:

Potential impact of transient impaired consciousness. Epilepsy & Behavior, 30, 50-57.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.09.024

Cheng, C. J. C., Smith, I., & Watson, B. J. (2003). Recovery after day surgery: a survey of anaesthetists regarding return

of home fitness and street fitness. Ambulatory Surgery, 10(2), 67-72.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6532(02)00044-6

Chen-Scarabelli, C., & Scarabelli, T. M. (2016). Syncope While Driving in Denmark. JAMA Intern Med, 176(8), 1230.

doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.3723

Cherpitel, C. J., & Bond, J. (2003). DUI recidivism: a comparison of Mexican Americans and whites in a northern

California county. Addict Behav, 28(5), 963-969.

Cheung, I., & McCartt, A. T. (2011). Declines in fatal crashes of older drivers: Changes in crash risk and survivability.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43(3), 666-674. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.10.010

Cheung, I., McCartt, A. T., & Braitman, K. A. (2008). Exploring the declines in older driver fatal crash involvement. Ann

Adv Automot Med, 52, 255-264.

Chevalier, A., Chevalier, A. J., Clarke, E., Wall, J., Coxon, K., Brown, J., . . . Keay, L. (2016). Naturalistic speeding data:

Drivers aged 75 years and older. Data in Brief, 8, 136-141. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2016.05.016

Chevalier, A., Coxon, K., Chevalier, A. J., Wall, J., Brown, J., Clarke, E., . . . Keay, L. (2016). Exploration of older drivers’

speeding behaviour. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 42, 532-543.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2016.01.012

Chew, H. F., Markowitz, S. N., Flanagan, J., & Buys, Y. M. (2007). The effect of pupil dilation on driving vision in Canada.

Can J Ophthalmol, 42(4), 585-591. doi:i07-082 [pii]

10.1139/i07-082 [doi]

Cheyne, E. H., Sherwin, R. S., Lunt, M. J., Cavan, D. A., Thomas, P. W., & Kerr, D. (2004). Influence of alcohol on cognitive

performance during mild hypoglycaemia; implications for Type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med, 21(3), 230-237.

Chihuri, S., Li, G., & Chen, Q. (2017). Interaction of marijuana and alcohol on fatal motor vehicle crash risk: a

case-control study. Inj Epidemiol, 4(1), 8. doi:10.1186/s40621-017-0105-z

Chihuri, S., Mielenz, T. J., DiMaggio, C. J., Betz, M. E., DiGuiseppi, C., Jones, V. C., & Li, G. (2016). Driving Cessation and

Health Outcomes in Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 64(2), 332-341. doi:10.1111/jgs.13931

Chin, H. C., & Zhou, M. (2018). A study of at-fault older drivers in light-vehicle crashes in Singapore. Accident Analysis

& Prevention, 112, 50-55. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.12.024

Chin, Y. S., Jayamohan, J., Clouston, P., Gebski, V., & Cakir, B. (2004). Driving and patients with brain tumours: a postal

survey of neurosurgeons, neurologists and radiation oncologists. J Clin Neurosci, 11(5), 471-474.

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2003.08.010 [doi]

S0967586804000748 [pii]

Chipman, M. L., MacGregor, C. G., Smiley, A. M., & Lee-Gosselin, M. (1993). The role of exposure in comparisons of

crash risk among different drivers and driving environments. Accid Anal Prev, 25(2), 207-211.

Chipman, M. L., & Morgan, P. (1975). The role of driver demerit points and age in the prediction of motor vehicle

collisions. Br J Prev Soc Med, 29(3), 190-195.

Chipman, M. L., Payne, J., & McDonough, P. (1998). To drive or not to drive: The influence of social factors on the

decisions of elderly drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 30(3), 299-304.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(97)00107-3

Chisholm, C. M., Rauscher, F. G., Crabb, D. C., Davies, L. N., Dunne, M. C., Edgar, D. F., . . . Barbur, J. L. (2008). Assessing

visual fields for driving in patients with paracentral scotomata. Br J Ophthalmol, 92(2), 225-230.

doi:bjo.2007.129726 [pii]

10.1136/bjo.2007.129726

Chodorowski, Z., Anand, J. S., Hajduk, A., & Wisniewski, M. (2009). [Diabetes and road traffic collisions]. Przegl Lek,

66(6), 350-351.

Choi, M., Adams, K. B., & Kahana, E. (2012). The impact of transportation support on driving cessation among

community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 67(3), 392-400.

doi:10.1093/geronb/gbs035

Choi, M., Adams, K. B., & Mezuk, B. (2012). Examining the aging process through the stress-coping framework:

application to driving cessation in later life. Aging Ment Health, 16(1), 75-83.

doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.583633

Choi, M., Mezuk, B., Lohman, M. C., Edwards, J. D., & Rebok, G. W. (2012). Gender and racial disparities in driving

cessation among older adults. J Aging Health, 24(8), 1364-1379. doi:10.1177/0898264312460574

Choi, M., Mezuk, B., & Rebok, G. W. (2012). Voluntary and involuntary driving cessation in later life. J Gerontol Soc

Work, 55(4), 367-376. doi:10.1080/01634372.2011.642473

Christian, M. S. (1988). Incidence and implications of natural deaths of road users. Bmj, 297(6655), 1021-1024.

Christie, D., Gordon, I., Robinson, K., Santamaria, J., & O'Brien, M. (1987). Recidivism in a cohort of young Australian

drinking-drivers. Med J Aust, 147(9), 427-428, 430.

Christie, N., Savill, T., Buttress, S., Newby, G., & Tyerman, A. (2001). Assessing fitness

to drive after head injury: A survey of clinical psychologists. Neuropsychological

Rehabilitation, 11(1), 45-55.

Christophersen, A. S., & Gjerde, H. (2014). Prevalence of alcohol and drugs among car and van drivers killed in road

accidents in Norway: an overview from 2001 to 2010. Traffic Inj Prev, 15(6), 523-531.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2013.848981

Christophersen, A. S., Morland, J., Stewart, K., & Gjerde, H. (2016). International trends in alcohol and drug use among

vehicle drivers. Forensic Sci Rev, 28(1), 37-66.

Chu, B. S., Wood, J. M., & Collins, M. J. (2009). Effect of presbyopic vision corrections on perceptions of driving

difficulty. Eye Contact Lens, 35(3), 133-143. doi:10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181a1435e

Chu, B. S., Wood, J. M., & Collins, M. J. (2010). The effect of presbyopic vision corrections on nighttime driving

performance. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 51(9), 4861-4866. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5154

Chun, R., Cucuras, M., & Jay, W. M. (2016). Current Perspectives of Bioptic Driving in Low Vision. Neuroophthalmology,

40(2), 53-58. doi:10.3109/01658107.2015.1134585

Cicchino, J. B. (2015). Why have fatality rates among older drivers declined? The relative contributions of changes in

survivability and crash involvement. Accid Anal Prev, 83, 67-73. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.06.012

Cicchino, J. B., & McCartt, A. T. (2014). Trends in older driver crash involvement rates and survivability in the United

States: an update. Accid Anal Prev, 72, 44-54. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.06.011

Cicchino, J. B., & McCartt, A. T. (2015). Critical older driver errors in a national sample of serious U.S. crashes. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 80, 211-219. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.04.015

Cicchino, J. B., & Zuby, D. S. (2017). Prevalence of driver physical factors leading to unintentional lane departure

crashes. Traffic Inj Prev, 18(5), 481-487. doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1247446

Cimino, L., Deneufgermain, A., & Lalau, J. D. (2015). [Driving license and mellitus diabetes]. Presse Med, 44(10),

1042-1047. doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2015.03.010

Clarke, D. D., Ward, P., Bartle, C., & Truman, W. (2010). Older drivers’ road traffic crashes in the UK. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 42(4), 1018-1024. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.005

Clarke, P. J., Yan, T., Keusch, F., & Gallagher, N. A. (2015). The Impact of Weather on Mobility and Participation in Older

U.S. Adults. Am J Public Health, 105(7), 1489-1494. doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.302582

Classen, S. (2014). Consensus statements on driving in people with Parkinson's disease. Occup Ther Health Care, 28(2),

140-147. doi:10.3109/07380577.2014.890307

Classen, S. (2014). Summary of an evidence based review on interventions for medically at risk older drivers. Occup

Ther Health Care, 28(2), 223-228. doi:10.3109/07380577.2014.896490

Classen, S., & Alvarez, L. (2016). Caregivers' Impressions Predicting Fitness to Drive in Persons With Parkinson's. OTJR

(Thorofare N J), 36(1), 5-13. doi:10.1177/1539449215601117

Classen, S., Alvarez, L., Ferreira, P. J., Chen, C. H., Meyer, C. K., & Nywening, A. G. (2016). Developing a

Canadian-Specific Version of the Fitness-to-Drive Screening Measure(c). OTJR (Thorofare N J), 36(2), 82-91.

doi:10.1177/1539449216650462

Classen, S., Awadzi, K. D., & Mkanta, W. W. (2008). Person-vehicle-environment interactions predicting crash-related

injury among older drivers. Am J Occup Ther, 62(5), 580-587.

Classen, S., Brumback, B., Monahan, M., Malaty, II, Rodriguez, R. L., Okun, M. S., & McFarland, N. R. (2014). Driving

errors in Parkinson's disease: moving closer to predicting on-road outcomes. Am J Occup Ther, 68(1), 77-85.

doi:10.5014/ajot.2014.008698

Classen, S., Cormack, N. L., Winter, S. M., Monahan, M., Yarney, A., Lutz, A. L., & Platek, K. (2014). Efficacy of an

occupational therapy driving intervention for returning combat veterans. OTJR (Thorofare N J), 34(4),

177-182. doi:10.3928/15394492-20141006-01

Classen, S., Crizzle, A. M., Winter, S. M., Silver, W., & Eisenschenk, S. (2012). Evidence-based review on epilepsy and

driving. Epilepsy Behav, 23(2), 103-112. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.11.015

Classen, S., & Holmes, J. (2013). Executive functions and driving in people with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord, 28(14),

1909-1911. doi:10.1002/mds.25727

Classen, S., Holmes, J. D., Alvarez, L., Loew, K., Mulvagh, A., Rienas, K., . . . He, W. (2015). Clinical Assessments as

Predictors of Primary On-Road Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease. OTJR (Thorofare N J), 35(4), 213-220.

doi:10.1177/1539449215601118

Classen, S., Horgas, A., Awadzi, K., Messinger-Rapport, B., Shechtman, O., & Joo, Y. (2008). Clinical predictors of older

driver performance on a standardized road test. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(5), 456-462.

doi:10.1080/15389580802260026

Classen, S., Krasniuk, S., Alvarez, L., Monahan, M., Morrow, S. A., & Danter, T. (2016). Development and Validity of

Western University's On-Road Assessment. OTJR (Thorofare N J). doi:10.1177/1539449216672859

Classen, S., Krasniuk, S., Knott, M., Alvarez, L., Monahan, M., Morrow, S., & Danter, T. (2016). Interrater reliability of

Western University's on-road assessment. Can J Occup Ther, 83(5), 317-325. doi:10.1177/0008417416663228

Classen, S., Krasniuk, S., Morrow, S. A., Alvarez, L., Monahan, M., Danter, T., & Rosehart, H. (2017). Visual Correlates of

Fitness to Drive in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis. OTJR (Thorofare N J), 1539449217718841.

doi:10.1177/1539449217718841

Classen, S., Levy, C., McCarthy, D., Mann, W. C., Lanford, D., & Waid-Ebbs, J. K. (2009). Traumatic brain injury and

driving assessment: an evidence-based literature review. Am J Occup Ther, 63(5), 580-591.

Classen, S., Lopez, E. D., Winter, S., Awadzi, K. D., Ferree, N., & Garvan, C. W. (2007). Population-based health

promotion perspective for older driver safety: conceptual framework to intervention plan. Clin Interv Aging,

2(4), 677-693.

Classen, S., & Monahan, M. (2013). Evidence-based review on interventions and determinants of driving performance

in teens with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or autism spectrum disorder. Traffic Inj Prev, 14(2),

188-193. doi:10.1080/15389588.2012.700747

Classen, S., Monahan, M., Auten, B., & Yarney, A. (2014). Evidence-based review of interventions for medically at-risk

older drivers. Am J Occup Ther, 68(4), e107-114. doi:10.5014/ajot.2014.010975

Classen, S., Monahan, M., Brown, K. E., & Hernandez, S. (2013). Driving indicators in teens with attention deficit

hyperactivity and/or autism spectrum disorder. Can J Occup Ther, 80(5), 274-283.

doi:10.1177/0008417413501072

Classen, S., Monahan, M., & Wang, Y. (2013). Driving characteristics of teens with attention deficit hyperactivity and

autism spectrum disorder. Am J Occup Ther, 67(6), 664-673. doi:10.5014/ajot.2013.008821

Classen, S., Velozo, C. A., Winter, S. M., Bedard, M., & Wang, Y. (2015). Psychometrics of the Fitness-to-Drive Screening

Measure. OTJR (Thorofare N J), 35(1), 42-52. doi:10.1177/1539449214561761

Classen, S., Wang, Y., Crizzle, A. M., Winter, S. M., & Lanford, D. N. (2013). Gender differences among older drivers in a

comprehensive driving evaluation. Accid Anal Prev, 61, 146-152. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.10.010

Classen, S., Wang, Y., Crizzle, A. M., Winter, S. M., & Lanford, D. N. (2013). Predicting older driver on-road performance

by means of the useful field of view and trail making test part B. Am J Occup Ther, 67(5), 574-582.

doi:10.5014/ajot.2013.008136

Classen, S., Wang, Y., Winter, S. M., Velozo, C. A., Lanford, D. N., & Bedard, M. (2013). Concurrent criterion validity of

the safe driving behavior measure: a predictor of on-road driving outcomes. Am J Occup Ther, 67(1),

108-116. doi:10.5014/ajot.2013.005116

Classen, S., Wen, P. S., Velozo, C. A., Bedard, M., Winter, S. M., Brumback, B., & Lanford, D. N. (2012). Psychometrics of

the self-report safe driving behavior measure for older adults. Am J Occup Ther, 66(2), 233-241.

doi:10.5014/ajot.2012.001834

Classen, S., Wen, P. S., Velozo, C. A., Bedard, M., Winter, S. M., Brumback, B. A., & Lanford, D. N. (2012). Rater reliability

and rater effects of the Safe Driving Behavior Measure. Am J Occup Ther, 66(1), 69-77.

Classen, S., Winter, S. M., Velozo, C. A., Bedard, M., Lanford, D. N., Brumback, B., & Lutz, B. J. (2010). Item development

and validity testing for a self- and proxy report: the safe driving behavior measure. Am J Occup Ther, 64(2),

296-305.

Classen, S., Witter, D. P., Lanford, D. N., Okun, M. S., Rodriguez, R. L., Romrell, J., . . . Fernandez, H. H. (2011). Usefulness

of screening tools for predicting driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease. Am J Occup Ther,

65(5), 579-588.

Cobb, R. W., & Coughlin, J. F. (1998). Are elderly drivers a road hazard?: Problem definition and political impact.

Journal of Aging Studies, 12(4), 411-427.

Coeckelbergh, T. R., Brouwer, W. H., Cornelissen, F. W., Van Wolffelaar, P., & Kooijman, A. C. (2002). The effect of visual

field defects on driving performance: a driving simulator study. Arch Ophthalmol, 120(11), 1509-1516.

Coeckelbergh, T. R., Cornelissen, F. W., Brouwer, W. H., & Kooijman, A. C. (2002). The effect of visual field defects on

eye movements and practical fitness to drive. Vision Res, 42(5), 669-677.

Cohen, S. M., Kim, A., Metropulos, M., & Ahn, J. (2011). Legal Ramifications for Physicians of Patients Who Drive With

Hepatic Encephalopathy. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 9(2), 156-160.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2010.08.002

Coleman, D. E., & Ota, K. (2004). Hallucinations with zolpidem and fluoxetine in an impaired driver. J Forensic Sci,

49(2), 392-393.

Coleman, R. D., Rapport, L. J., Ergh, T. C., Hanks, R. A., Ricker, J. H., & Millis, S. R. (2002). Predictors of driving outcome

after traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 83(10), 1415-1422.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2002.35111

Colsher, P. L., & Wallace, R. B. (1993). Geriatric assessment and driver functioning. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 365-375.

Colvin, L. J., & Collop, N. A. (2016). Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening and

Treatment in the United States: An Update and Recommendation Overview. J Clin Sleep Med, 12(1), 113-125.

doi:10.5664/jcsm.5408

Conlon, E., & Herkes, K. (2008). Spatial and temporal processing in healthy aging: implications for perceptions of

driving skills. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn, 15(4), 446-470. doi:791801567 [pii]

10.1080/13825580701878008 [doi]

Connor, J., Norton, R., Ameratunga, S., Robinson, E., Civil, I., Dunn, R., . . . Jackson, R. (2002). Driver sleepiness and risk

of serious injury to car occupants: population based case control study. Bmj, 324(7346), 1125.

Consortium, D. (2012). DRUID Project Final Report: Work performed, main results and recommendationsProject

Retrieved from

http://www.druid-project.eu/Druid/EN/Dissemination/downloads_and_links/Final_Report.pdf?__blob=publica

tionFile

Constantinou, J. E. C., & Gubbay, S. S. (1990). Epileptic seizures at the wheel: An 11-year experience. Journal of

Epilepsy, 3(4), 201-205. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6974(90)90047-3

Conti, A. A. (2017). Driving and effectively treated Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Acta Biomed, 87(3), 321-322.

Cooper, L., Meuleners, L. B., Duke, J., Jancey, J., & Hildebrand, J. (2011). Psychotropic medications and crash risk in

older drivers: a review of the literature. Asia Pac J Public Health, 23(4), 443-457.

doi:10.1177/1010539511407661

Cooper, N. (2017). Blackout and collapse in older adults. Medicine, 45(1), 34-40.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2016.10.012

Cooper, P. J. (1990). Differences in accident characteristics among elderly drivers and between elderly and

middle-aged drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 22(5), 499-508.

Cooper, P. J., Tallman, K., Tuokko, H., & Lynn Beattie, B. (1993). Vehicle crash involvement and cognitive deficit in older

drivers. J Safety Res, 24(1), 9-17.

Coopersmith, H. G., Korner-Bitensky, N. A., & Mayo, N. E. (1989). Determining medical fitness to drive: physicians'

responsibilities in Canada. Cmaj, 140(4), 375-378.

Cordazzo, S. T. D., Scialfa, C. T., & Ross, R. J. (2016). Modernization of the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 87, 83-91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.11.016

Cordes, C., Heutink, J., Tucha, O. M., Brookhuis, K. A., Brouwer, W. H., & Melis-Dankers, B. J. (2017). Vision-related

fitness to drive mobility scooters: A practical driving test. J Rehabil Med, 49(3), 270-276.

doi:10.2340/16501977-2194

Corfitsen, M. T. (1993). Tiredness and visual reaction time among nighttime cab drivers: a roadside survey. Accid Anal

Prev, 25(6), 667-673.

Corkery, J. M., Loi, B., Claridge, H., Goodair, C., Corazza, O., Elliott, S., & Schifano, F. (2015). Gamma hydroxybutyrate

(GHB), gamma butyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD; BDO): A literature review with a focus on UK

fatalities related to non-medical use. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 53, 52-78.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.03.012

Cornwell, M. (1987). The assessment of people with arthritis who wish to drive a car. Int Disabil Stud, 9(4), 174-177.

Correa, R., Menezes, R. B., Wong, J., Yogendran, S., Jenkins, K., & Chung, F. (2001). Compliance with postoperative

instructions: a telephone survey of 750 day surgery patients. Anaesthesia, 56(5), 481-484.

Corrigan, S., Kay, A., Ryan, M., Ward, M. E., & Brazil, B. Human factors and safety culture: Challenges and opportunities

for the port environment. Safety Science. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2018.03.008

Cortes Blanco, M. (1995). [Automobile driving by the aged]. Rev Esp Salud Publica, 69(2), 189-193.

Cotrell, V., & Wild, K. (1999). Longitudinal study of self-imposed driving restrictions and deficit awareness in patients

with Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 13(3), 151-156.

Council, N. S. (2007). American National Standard: Manual on classification of motor vehicle traffic accidents (7th ed.).

Illinois: National Safety Council.

Cox, D. J., Davis, M., Mikami, A. Y., Singh, H., Merkel, R. L., & Burket, R. (2012). Long-acting methylphenidate reduces

collision rates of young adult drivers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol,

32(2), 225-230. doi:10.1097/JCP.0b013e3182496dc5

Cox, D. J., Ford, D., Gonder-Frederick, L., Clarke, W., Mazze, R., & Weinger, K. (2009). Driving mishaps among

individuals with type 1 diabetes: a prospective study. Diabetes Care, 32. doi:10.2337/dc08-1510

Cox, D. J., Gonder-Frederick, L., & Clarke, W. (1993). Driving decrements in type I diabetes during moderate

hypoglycemia. Diabetes, 42. doi:10.2337/diab.42.2.239

Cox, D. J., Gonder-Frederick, L. A., Shepard, J. A., Campbell, L. K., & Vajda, K. A. (2012). Driving safety: concerns and

experiences of parents of adolescent drivers with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes, 13.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2012.00862.x

Cox, D. J., Humphrey, J. W., Merkel, R. L., Penberthy, J. K., & Kovatchev, B. (2004). Controlled-release methylphenidate

improves attention during on-road driving by adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am

Board Fam Pract, 17(4), 235-239.

Cox, D. J., Madaan, V., & Cox, B. S. (2011). Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and driving: why and how to

manage it. Curr Psychiatry Rep, 13(5), 345-350. doi:10.1007/s11920-011-0216-0

Cox, D. J., Penberthy, J. K., Zrebiec, J., Weinger, K., Aikens, J., & Frier, B. (2003). Diabetes and driving mishaps: frequency

and correlations from a multinational survey. Diabetes Care, 26. doi:10.2337/diacare.26.8.2329

Cox, D. J., Quillian, W. C., Thorndike, F. P., Kovatchev, B. P., & Hanna, G. (1998). Evaluating driving performance of

outpatients with Alzheimer disease. J Am Board Fam Pract, 11(4), 264-271.

Cox, D. J., Singh, H., & Lorber, D. (2013). Diabetes and driving safety: science, ethics, legality and practice. Am J Med

Sci, 345(4), 263-265. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31828bf8d7

Coxon, K., Chevalier, A., Brown, J., Clarke, E., Billot, L., Boufous, S., . . . Keay, L. (2017). Effects of a Safe Transportation

Educational Program for Older Drivers on Driving Exposure and Community Participation: A Randomized

Controlled Trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 65(3), 540-549. doi:10.1111/jgs.14550

Coxon, K., Chevalier, A., Lo, S., Ivers, R., Brown, J., & Keay, L. (2015). Behind the Wheel: Predictors of Driving Exposure

in Older Drivers. J Am Geriatr Soc, 63(6), 1137-1145. doi:10.1111/jgs.13440

Coxon, K., & Keay, L. (2015). Behind the wheel: community consultation informs adaptation of safe-transport program

for older drivers. BMC Res Notes, 8, 764. doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1745-0

Crabb, D. P., Fitzke, F. W., Hitchings, R. A., & Viswanathan, A. C. (2004). A practical approach to measuring the visual

field component of fitness to drive. Br J Ophthalmol, 88(9), 1191-1196.

Craig, K. W., & Zweig, S. C. (2007). Evaluation of the elderly driver. Mo Med, 104(1), 73-76.

Crandall, M., Streams, J., Duncan, T., Mallat, A., Greene, W., Violano, P., . . . Barraco, R. (2015). Motor vehicle

collision-related injuries in the elderly: An Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma evidence-based

review of risk factors and prevention. J Trauma Acute Care Surg, 79(1), 152-158.

doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000000677

Craney, J. M., & Powers, M. T. (1995). Factors related to driving in persons with an implantable cardioverter

defibrillator. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs, 10(3), 12-17.

Cranney, A. B., Harrison, A., Ruhland, L., Vaidyanath, C., Graham, I., Man-Son-Hing, M., . . . Dwosh, II. (2005). Driving

problems in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol, 32(12), 2337-2342.

Creavin, S. T., Wisniewski, S., Noel-Storr, A. H., Trevelyan, C. M., Hampton, T., Rayment, D., . . . Cullum, S. (2016).

Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged

65 and over in community and primary care populations. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(1).

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011145.pub2

Cremer, R., Snel, J., & Brouwer, W. H. (1990). Age-related differences in timing of position and velocity identification.

Accid Anal Prev, 22(5), 467-474.

Crizzle, A. M., Bigelow, P., Adams, D., Gooderham, S., Myers, A. M., & Thiffault, P. (2017). Health and wellness of

long-haul truck and bus drivers: A systematic literature review and directions for future research. Journal of

Transport & Health. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.05.359

Crizzle, A. M., Classen, S., Bédard, M., Lanford, D., & Winter, S. (2012). MMSE as a predictor of on-road driving

performance in community dwelling older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 49, 287-292.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.02.003

Crizzle, A. M., Classen, S., Lanford, D. N., Malaty, I. A., Okun, M. S., Wang, Y., . . . McFarland, N. R. (2013). Postural/Gait

and cognitive function as predictors of driving performance in Parkinson's disease. J Parkinsons Dis, 3(2),

153-160. doi:10.3233/jpd-120152

Crizzle, A. M., Myers, A. M., & Almeida, Q. J. (2012). Drivers with parkinson's disease: Who participates in research

studies? Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 18(7), 833-836.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.04.003

Cross, J. M., McGwin, G., Jr., Rubin, G. S., Ball, K. K., West, S. K., Roenker, D. L., & Owsley, C. (2009). Visual and medical

risk factors for motor vehicle collision involvement among older drivers. Br J Ophthalmol, 93(3), 400-404.

doi:bjo.2008.144584 [pii]

10.1136/bjo.2008.144584

Cross, N., Terpening, Z., Duffy, S. L., Lewis, S. J. G., Grunstein, R., Wong, K., & Naismith, S. L. (2017). Association

between Sleep Disordered Breathing and Nighttime Driving Performance in Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Int

Neuropsychol Soc, 23(6), 502-510. doi:10.1017/s1355617717000273

Croston, J., Meuser, T. M., Berg-Weger, M., Grant, E. A., & Carr, D. B. (2009). Driving Retirement in Older Adults with

Dementia. Top Geriatr Rehabil, 25(2), 154-162. doi:10.1097/TGR.0b013e3181a103fd

Cuenen, A., Jongen, E. M. M., Brijs, T., Brijs, K., Lutin, M., Van Vlierden, K., & Wets, G. (2015). Does attention capacity

moderate the effect of driver distraction in older drivers? , - 77, - 20.

Czeisler, C. A., Wickwire, E. M., Barger, L. K., Dement, W. C., Gamble, K., Hartenbaum, N., . . . Hirshkowitz, M. (2016).

Sleep-deprived motor vehicle operators are unfit to drive: a multidisciplinary expert consensus statement on

drowsy driving. Sleep Health, 2(2), 94-99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2016.04.003

D’apolito, A. C., Massonneau, A., Paillat, C., & Azouvi, P. (2013). Impact of brain injury on driving skills. Annals of

Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 56(1), 63-80. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2012.12.002

D’Apolito, A. C., Mazaux, J. M., Le Guiet, J. M., Rossignol, C., Busnel, M., & Lemoine, F. (2015). Fitness to drive after

acquired brain damage: Who should be assessed, and how? Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine,

58, Supplement 1, e151. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2015.07.359

D’apolito, A.-C., Leguiet, J.-L., Enjalbert, M., Lemoine, F., & Mazaux, J.-M. (2017). Return to drive after non-evolutive

brain damage: French recommendations. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 60(4), 263-269.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2017.04.001

Dagan, Y., Doljansky, J. T., Green, A., & Weiner, A. (2006). Body Mass Index (BMI) as a first-line screening criterion for

detection of excessive daytime sleepiness among professional drivers. Traffic Inj Prev, 7(1), 44-48.

Daigneault, G., Joly, P., & Frigon, J. Y. (2002). Executive functions in the evaluation of accident risk of older drivers. J

Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 24(2), 221-238.

Daigneault, G., Joly, P., & Frigon, J. Y. (2002). Previous convictions or accidents and the risk of subsequent accidents of

older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 34(2), 257-261.

Dalchow, J. L., Niewoehner, P. M., Henderson, R. R., & Carr, D. B. (2010). Test acceptability and confidence levels in

older adults referred for fitness-to-drive evaluations. Am J Occup Ther, 64(2), 252-258.

Dalury, D. F., Tucker, K. K., & Kelley, T. C. (2011). When can I drive?: brake response times after contemporary total

knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 469(1), 82-86. doi:10.1007/s11999-010-1507-1

Damsere-Derry, J., Palk, G., & King, M. (2017). Motorists' knowledge, attitudes and practices toward alcohol-impaired

driving/riding in Ghana. Traffic Inj Prev, 18(1), 28-34. doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1193172

Darzins, P., & Hull, M. (1999). Older road users. Issues for general practitioners. Aust Fam Physician, 28(7), 663-667.

Dassanayake, T., Michie, P., Carter, G., & Jones, A. (2011). Effects of benzodiazepines, antidepressants and opioids on

driving: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological and experimental evidence. Drug Saf,

34(2), 125-156. doi:10.2165/11539050-000000000-00000

Davis DHJ, Creavin ST, Noel-Storr A, Quinn TJ, Smailagic N, Hyde C, . . . S., C. (2013). Neuropsychological tests for the

diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease dementia and other dementias: a generic protocol for cross-sectional and

delayed-verification studies. . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(3), Art. No.: CD010460. .

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010460

Davis, J., Conlon, E., Ownsworth, T., & Morrissey, S. (2016). Measuring situational avoidance in older drivers: An

application of Rasch analysis. Accid Anal Prev, 87, 68-77. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.11.018

Davis, J. D., Papandonatos, G. D., Miller, L. A., Hewitt, S. D., Festa, E. K., Heindel, W. C., & Ott, B. R. (2012). Road test and

naturalistic driving performance in healthy and cognitively impaired older adults: does environment matter? J

Am Geriatr Soc, 60(11), 2056-2062. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04206.x

Davis, K. C., Allen, J., Duke, J., Nonnemaker, J., Bradfield, B., Farrelly, M. C., . . . Novak, S. (2016). Correlates of Marijuana

Drugged Driving and Openness to Driving While High: Evidence from Colorado and Washington. PLoS One,

11(1), e0146853. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146853

Davison, P. A. (1985). Inter-relationships between British drivers' visual abilities, age and road accident histories.

Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 5(2), 195-204.

Dawkins, R. L., Omar, N. B., Agee, B. S., Walters, B. C., & Riley, K. O. (2015). Assessment of driving outcomes after

epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy & Behavior, 52, 25-30. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.08.035

Dawson, D. A. (1999). Alternative definitions of high risk for impaired driving: the overlap of high volume, frequent

heavy drinking and alcohol dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend, 54(3), 219-228.

Dawson, J. D., Anderson, S. W., Uc, E. Y., Dastrup, E., & Rizzo, M. (2009). Predictors of driving safety in early Alzheimer

disease. Neurology, 72(6), 521-527. doi:72/6/521 [pii]

10.1212/01.wnl.0000341931.35870.49

de Haan, G. A., Melis-Dankers, B. J. M., Brouwer, W. H., Bredewoud, R. A., Tucha, O., & Heutink, J. (2014). Car driving

performance in hemianopia: an on-road driving study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 55(10), 6482-6489.

doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14042

De Las Cuevas, C., Ramallo, Y., & Sanz, E. J. (2010). Psychomotor performance and fitness to drive: the influence of

psychiatric disease and its pharmacological treatment. Psychiatry Res, 176(2-3), 236-241.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2009.02.013

De Las Cuevas, C., & Sanz, E. J. (2008). Fitness to drive of psychiatric patients. Primary Care Companion To The Journal

Of Clinical Psychiatry, 10(5), 384-390.

de Oliveira, L. G., de Souza, L. M., Barroso, L. P., Gouvea, M. J., de Almeida, C. V., Munoz, D. R., & Leyton, V. (2015).

Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers. Rev Saude Publica, 49, 61.

doi:10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005944

De Raedt, R., & Ponjaert-Kristoffersen, I. (2000). Can strategic and tactical compensation reduce crash risk in older

drivers? Age Ageing, 29(6), 517-521.

De Raedt, R., & Ponjaert-Kristoffersen, I. (2000). The relationship between cognitive/neuropsychological factors and

car driving performance in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 48(12), 1664-1668.

De Raedt, R., & Ponjaert-Kristoffersen, I. (2001). Predicting at-fault car accidents of older drivers. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 33(6), 809-819. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(00)00095-6

de Simone, V., Kaplan, L., Patronas, N., Wassermann, E. M., & Grafman, J. (2007). Driving abilities in frontotemporal

dementia patients. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 23(1), 1-7.

de Waard, D., Dijksterhuis, C., & Brookhuis, K. A. (2009). Merging into heavy motorway traffic by young and elderly

drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 41(3), 588-597. doi:S0001-4575(09)00041-4 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2009.02.011

de Waard, D., Steyvers, F. J. J. M., & Brookhuis, K. A. (2004). How much visual road information is needed to drive

safely and comfortably? Safety Science, 42(7), 639-655.

de Waard, D., van der Hulst, M., & Brookhuis, K. A. (1999). Elderly and young driver's reaction to an in-car enforcement

and tutoring system. Appl Ergon, 30(2), 147-157.

de Weerd, A. W., Kamphuisen, H. A., Schimsheimer, R. J., & Kemp, B. (1998). [Continued driving habits of patients

diagnosed with excessive daytime sleepiness (see comments)]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd, 142(39), 2146-2150.

DeCcarlo, D. K., Scilley, K., Wells, J., & Owsley, C. (2003). Driving habits and health-related quality of life in patients

with age-related maculopathy. Optom Vis Sci, 80(3), 207-213.

Del Rio, M. C., & Alvarez, F. J. (2003). Medication and fitness to drive. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 12(5), 389-394.

doi:10.1002/pds.806

del Rio, M. D., & Javier Alvarez, F. (1995). Illegal drug taking and driving: patterns of drug taking among Spanish

drivers. Drug Alcohol Depend, 37(1), 83-86.

Delaney, J. A., Opatrny, L., & Suissa, S. (2006). Warfarin use and the risk of motor vehicle crash in older drivers. Br J Clin

Pharmacol, 61(2), 229-232.

Delbosc, A. (2012). The role of well-being in transport policy. Transport Policy, 23, 25-33.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2012.06.005

Dellinger, A. M., Bolen, J., & Sacks, J. J. (1999). A comparison of driver- and passenger-based estimates of

alcohol-impaired driving. Am J Prev Med, 16(4), 283-288.

Dellinger, A. M., Kresnow, M. J., White, D. D., & Sehgal, M. (2004). Risk to self versus risk to others: how do older

drivers compare to others on the road? Am J Prev Med, 26(3), 217-221.

Dellinger, A. M., Sehgal, M., Sleet, D. A., & Barrett-Connor, E. (2001). Driving cessation: what older former drivers tell

us. J Am Geriatr Soc, 49(4), 431-435.

DeLucia, P. R., & Mather, R. D. (2006). Motion extrapolation of car-following scenes in younger and older drivers. Hum

Factors, 48(4), 666-674.

Demirdogen Cetinoglu, E., Gorek Dilektasli, A., Demir, N. A., Ozkaya, G., Acet, N. A., Durmus, E., . . . Ege, E. (2015). The

relationship between driving simulation performance and obstructive sleep apnoea risk, daytime sleepiness,

obesity and road traffic accident history of commercial drivers in Turkey. Sleep Breath, 19(3), 865-872.

doi:10.1007/s11325-014-1114-6

Desapriya, E., Subzwari, S., Fujiwara, T., & Pike, I. (2008). Conventional vision screening tests and older driver motor

vehicle crash prevention. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot, 15(2), 124-126. doi:10.1080/17457300802150926

Desapriya, E., Wijeratne, H., Subzwari, S., Babul-Wellar, S., Turcotte, K., Rajabali, F., . . . Pike, I. (2011). Vision screening

of older drivers for preventing road traffic injuries and fatalities. Cochrane Database Syst Rev(3), CD006252.

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006252.pub3

Deshapriya, E. B., & Iwase, N. (1998). Impact of the 1970 legal BAC 0.05 mg% limit legislation on drunk-driver-involved

traffic fatalities, accidents, and DWI in Japan. Subst Use Misuse, 33(14), 2757-2788.

Detry-Morel, M. (2004). [Visual aptitude for automobile driving]. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol(291), 5-15.

Devine, E. G., & Rosenberg, H. (2000). Understanding the relation between expectancies and drinking among DUI

offenders using expectancy categories. J Stud Alcohol, 61(1), 164-167.

Devlin, A., & McGillivray, J. A. (2014). Self-regulation of older drivers with cognitive impairment: a systematic review.

Australas J Ageing, 33(2), 74-80. doi:10.1111/ajag.12061

Devlin, A., Odell, M., Charlton, J., & Koppel, S. (2012). Epilepsy and driving: current status of research. Epilepsy Res,

102(3), 135-152. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.08.003

Devos, H., Akinwuntan, A. E., Gelinas, I., George, S., Nieuwboer, A., & Verheyden, G. (2012). Shifting up a gear:

considerations on assessment and rehabilitation of driving in people with neurological conditions. An

extended editorial. Physiother Res Int, 17(3), 125-131. doi:10.1002/pri.1535

Devos, H., Akinwuntan, A. E., Nieuwboer, A., Ringoot, I., Van Berghen, K., Tant, M., . . . De Weerdt, W. (2010). Effect of

simulator training on fitness-to-drive after stroke: a 5-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 24(9), 843-850. doi:10.1177/1545968310368687

Devos, H., Akinwuntan, A. E., Nieuwboer, A., Tant, M., Truijen, S., De Wit, L., . . . De Weerdt, W. (2009). Comparison of

the effect of two driving retraining programs on on-road performance after stroke. Neurorehabil Neural

Repair, 23(7), 699-705. doi:10.1177/1545968309334208

Devos, H., Akinwuntan, A. E., Nieuwboer, A., Truijen, S., Tant, M., & De Weerdt, W. (2011). Screening for fitness to drive

after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology, 76(8), 747-756.

doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820d6300

Devos, H., Brijs, T., Alders, G., Wets, G., & Feys, P. (2013). Driving performance in persons with mild to moderate

symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Disabil Rehabil, 35(16), 1387-1393. doi:10.3109/09638288.2012.731468

Devos, H., & Hawley, C. A. (2013). Screening tools for fitness to drive after traumatic brain injury and stroke. Eur J

Neurol, 20(9), 1225-1226. doi:10.1111/ene.12168

Devos, H., Nieuwboer, A., Tant, M., De Weerdt, W., & Vandenberghe, W. (2012). Determinants of fitness to drive in

Huntington disease. Neurology, 79(19), 1975-1982. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182735d11

Devos, H., Nieuwboer, A., Vandenberghe, W., Tant, M., De Weerdt, W., & Uc, E. Y. (2014). On-road driving impairments

in Huntington disease. Neurology, 82(11), 956-962. doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000220

Devos, H., Ranchet, M., Backus, D., Abisamra, M., Anschutz, J., Allison Jr, C. D., . . . Akinwuntan, A. E. (2017).

Determinants of On-Road Driving in Multiple Sclerosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,

98(7), 1332-1338.e1332. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.10.008

Devos, H., Ranchet, M., Emmanuel Akinwuntan, A., & Uc, E. Y. (2015). Establishing an evidence-base framework for

driving rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review of on-road driving studies.

NeuroRehabilitation, 37(1), 35-52. doi:10.3233/nre-151239

Devos, H., Tant, M., & Akinwuntan, A. E. (2014). On-road driving impairments and associated cognitive deficits after

stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis, 38(3), 226-232. doi:10.1159/000368219

Devos, H., Vandenberghe, W., Nieuwboer, A., Tant, M., Baten, G., & De Weerdt, W. (2007). Predictors of fitness to drive

in people with Parkinson disease. Neurology, 69(14), 1434-1441. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000277640.58685.fc

Devos, H., Vandenberghe, W., Nieuwboer, A., Tant, M., De Weerdt, W., Dawson, J. D., & Uc, E. Y. (2013). Validation of a

screening battery to predict driving fitness in people with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord, 28(5), 671-674.

doi:10.1002/mds.25387

Devos, H., Vandenberghe, W., Tant, M., Akinwuntan, A. E., De Weerdt, W., Nieuwboer, A., & Uc, E. Y. (2013). Driving

and off-road impairments underlying failure on road testing in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord, 28(14),

1949-1956. doi:10.1002/mds.25701

Devos, H., Verheyden, G., Van Gils, A., Tant, M., & Akinwuntan, A. E. (2015). Association between site of lesion and

driving performance after ischemic stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil, 22(4), 246-252.

doi:10.1179/1074935714z.0000000018

Di Milia, L., Smolensky, M. H., Costa, G., Howarth, H. D., Ohayon, M. M., & Philip, P. (2011). Demographic factors,

fatigue, and driving accidents: An examination of the published literature. Accident Analysis & Prevention,

43(2), 516-532. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.018

Di Stefano, M., & Macdonald, W. (2003). Assessment of older drivers: relationships among on-road errors, medical

conditions and test outcome. J Safety Res, 34(4), 415-429.

Dickerson, A., Brown Meuel, D., Ridenour, D., & Cooper, K. (2014). Assessment tools for predicting fitness to drive in

older adults: A systematic review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 68, 670-680.

doi:doi:10.5014/ajot.2014.011833

Dickerson, A. E., & Bedard, M. (2014). Decision tool for clients with medical issues: a framework for identifying driving

risk and potential to return to driving. Occup Ther Health Care, 28(2), 194-202.

doi:10.3109/07380577.2014.903357

Dickerson, A. E., & Davis, E. S. (2014). Driving experts address expanding access through pathways to older driver

rehabilitation services: expert meeting results and implications. Occup Ther Health Care, 28(2), 122-126.

doi:10.3109/07380577.2014.901591

Dickerson, A. E., Reistetter, T., Davis, E. S., & Monahan, M. (2011). Evaluating driving as a valued instrumental activity of

daily living. Am J Occup Ther, 65(1), 64-75.

Dickerson, A. E., Reistetter, T. A., Burhans, S., & Apple, K. (2016). Typical Brake Reaction Times Across the Life Span.

Occup Ther Health Care, 30(2), 115-123. doi:10.3109/07380577.2015.1059971

Dijk, D. J. (2015). Falling asleep at the wheel across Europe. J Sleep Res, 24(3), 241. doi:10.1111/jsr.12310

DiSilvestro, K. J., Santoro, A. J., Tjoumakaris, F. P., Levicoff, E. A., & Freedman, K. B. (2016). When Can I Drive After

Orthopaedic Surgery? A Systematic Review. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 474(12), 2557-2570.

doi:10.1007/s11999-016-5007-9

Dissanayake, S., & Lu, J. J. (2002). Factors influential in making an injury severity difference to older drivers involved in

fixed object–passenger car crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 34(5), 609-618.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(01)00060-4

Dobbs, A. R., Heller, R. B., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). A comparative approach to identify unsafe older drivers. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 30(3), 363-370. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(97)00110-3

Dobbs, B. (2005). Medical conditions and driving: A review of the Literature (1960-2000). Washington DC: National

Highway Traffic Safety Administration Retrieved from

https://one.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/research/Medical_Condition_Driving/pages/TRD.html.

Dobbs, B. D. (2002). Medical Conditions and Driving: Current Knowledge (DTNH22-94-G-05297). Retrieved from

Chicago:

Dobbs, B. M. (2008). Aging baby boomers--a blessing or challenge for driver licensing authorities. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4),

379-386. doi:10.1080/15389580802045823

Dobbs, B. M., Harper, L. A., & Wood, A. (2009). Transitioning From Driving to Driving Cessation: The Role of

Specialized Driving Cessation Support Groups for Individuals With Dementia. Topics in Geriatric

Rehabilitation, 25(1), 73-86.

Dodwell, P. (1987). Tunnel vision and driving? N Z Med J, 100(827), 430.

Doege, T. C. (1988). Illness and crashes— Is there a relationship? J Safety Res, 19(3), 145-150.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4375(88)90005-9

Dogan, O. T., Dal, U., Ozsahin, S. L., Akkurt, I., & Seyfikli, Z. (2006). [The prevalence of sleep related disorders among

the drivers and it's relation with traffic accidents]. Tuberk Toraks, 54(4), 315-321.

Doherty, A. L., Peli, E., & Luo, G. (2015). Hazard detection with a monocular bioptic telescope. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt,

35(5), 530-539. doi:10.1111/opo.12232

Doherty, U., Hawke, A. L., Kearns, J., & Kelly, M. (2015). Fitness to drive in cognitive impairment--a quantitative study

of GPs' experience. Ir Med J, 108(4), 112-114.

Donnelly, R. E., & Karlinsky, H. (1990). The impact of Alzheimer's disease on driving ability: a review. J Geriatr

Psychiatry Neurol, 3(2), 67-72.

Donorfio, L. K., D'Ambrosio, L. A., Coughlin, J. F., & Mohyde, M. (2008). Health, safety, self-regulation and the older

driver: it's not just a matter of age. J Safety Res, 39(6), 555-561. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2008.09.003

Donorfio, L. K., D'Ambrosio, L. A., Coughlin, J. F., & Mohyde, M. (2009). To drive or not to drive, that isn't the

question-the meaning of self-regulation among older drivers. J Safety Res, 40(3), 221-226.

doi:S0022-4375(09)00046-2 [pii]

10.1016/j.jsr.2009.04.002

Dougherty, B. E., Flom, R. E., Bullimore, M. A., & Raasch, T. W. (2015). Previous Driving Experience, but Not Vision, Is

Associated With Motor Vehicle Collision Rate in Bioptic Drivers. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 56(11), 6326-6332.

doi:10.1167/iovs.15-16882

Dow, J. (2009). Commentary: evaluation of driver fitness--the role of continuing medical education. Traffic Inj Prev,

10(4), 309-311. doi:10.1080/15389580903038628

Dow, J. (2011). Visual field defects may not affect safe driving. Traffic Inj Prev, 12(5), 483-490.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2011.582906

Dow, J., & Jacques, A. (2012). Educating doctors on evaluation of fitness to drive: impact of a case-based workshop. J

Contin Educ Health Prof, 32(1), 68-73. doi:10.1002/chp.21124

Drachman, D. A., & Swearer, J. M. (1993). Driving and Alzheimer's disease: the risk of crashes [published erratum

appears in Neurology 1994 Jan;44(1):4]. Neurology, 43(12), 2448-2456.

Draeger, J., & Winter, R. (1981). [Intraocular lens implants: functional considerations, with special reference to traffic

requirements (author's transl)]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 178(2), 150-152.

Drazkowski, J. (2007). An overview of epilepsy and driving. Epilepsia, 48 Suppl 9, 10-12. doi:EPI1392 [pii]

10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01392.x [doi]

Drazkowski, J. F. (2003). Management of the Social Consequences of Seizures. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 78(5), 641-649.

doi:https://doi.org/10.4065/78.5.641

Drazkowski, J. F., Fisher, R. S., Sirven, J. I., Demaerschalk, B. M., Uber-Zak, L., Hentz, J. G., & Labiner, D. (2003).

Seizure-Related Motor Vehicle Crashes in Arizona Before and After Reducing the Driving Restriction From 12

to 3 Months. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 78(7), 819-825. doi:https://doi.org/10.4065/78.7.819

Drazkowski, J. F., Neiman, E. S., Sirven, J. I., McAbee, G. N., & Noe, K. H. (2010). Frequency of physician counseling and

attitudes toward driving motor vehicles in people with epilepsy: comparing a mandatory-reporting with a

voluntary-reporting state. Epilepsy Behav, 19(1), 52-54. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.06.041

Drickamer, M. A., & Marottoli, R. A. (1993). Physician Responsibility in Driver Assessment. The American Journal of the

Medical Sciences, 306(5), 277-281. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/00000441-199311000-00001

Drummer, O. H., Gerostamoulos, J., Batziris, H., Chu, M., Caplehorn, J., Robertson, M. D., & Swann, P. (2004). The

involvement of drugs in drivers of motor vehicles killed in Australian road traffic crashes. Accid Anal Prev,

36(2), 239-248.

Dubey, Y., & Gujer, H. R. (1993). [Alcohol intoxication at the wheel in the Waadt canton (Switzerland).A comparative

study of penal and administrative measures 1970 and 1989 in the canton capital city (Lausanne) and a rural

area]. Blutalkohol, 30(5), 266-289.

Dubinsky, R. M., Gray, C., Husted, D., Busenbark, K., Vetere-Overfield, B., Wiltfong, D., . . . Koller, W. C. (1991). Driving in

Parkinson's disease. Neurology, 41(4), 517-520.

Dubinsky, R. M., Stein, A. C., & Lyons, K. (2000). Practice parameter: risk of driving and Alzheimer's disease (an

evidence-based review): report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of

Neurology. Neurology, 54(12), 2205-2211.

Dubinsky, R. M., Williamson, A., Gray, C. S., & Glatt, S. L. (1992). Driving in Alzheimer's disease [see comments]. J Am

Geriatr Soc, 40(11), 1112-1116.

Dubois, B., Feldman, H. H., Jacova, C., Dekosky, S. T., Barberger-Gateau, P., Cummings, J., . . . Scheltens, P. (2007).

Research criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer"s disease: revising the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Lancet

Neurology, 6(8), 734-746. doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70178-3

Dubois, S., Bedard, M., & Weaver, B. (2008). The impact of benzodiazepines on safe driving. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(5),

404-413. doi:10.1080/15389580802161943

Duchek, J. M., Carr, D. B., Hunt, L., Roe, C. M., Xiong, C., Shah, K., & Morris, J. C. (2003). Longitudinal driving

performance in early-stage dementia of the Alzheimer type. J Am Geriatr Soc, 51(10), 1342-1347.

Duchek, J. M., Hunt, L., Ball, K., Buckles, V., & Morris, J. C. (1997). The role of selective attention in driving and

dementia of the Alzheimer type. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 11 Suppl 1, 48-56.

Duchek, J. M., Hunt, L., Ball, K., Buckles, V., & Morris, J. C. (1998). Attention and driving performance in Alzheimer's

disease. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 53(2), 130-141.

Dugan, E., Barton, K. N., Coyle, C., & Lee, C. M. (2013). US policies to enhance older driver safety: a systematic review

of the literature. J Aging Soc Policy, 25(4), 335-352. doi:10.1080/08959420.2013.816163

Dugan, E., Turk, K., & Wang, S. (2013). Driving issues in people with frontotemporal dementia. Alzheimer's &

Dementia, 9(4, Supplement), P642-P643. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.1306

Dukic, T., Hanson, L., & Falkmer, T. (2006). Effect of drivers' age and push button locations on visual time off road,

steering wheel deviation and safety perception. Ergonomics, 49(1), 78-92.

Dukic Willstrand, T., Broberg, T., & Selander, H. (2017). Driving Characteristics of Older Drivers and Their Relationship

to the Useful Field of View Test. Gerontology, 63(2), 180-188. doi:10.1159/000448281

Dunbar, J. A., Penttila, A., & Pikkarainen, J. (1987). Drinking and driving: choosing the legal limits. Br Med J (Clin Res

Ed), 295(6611), 1458-1460.

Dunsire, M., & Baldwin, S. (1999). Urban-rural comparisons of drink-driving behaviour among late teens: a preliminary

investigation. Alcohol Alcohol, 34(1), 59-64.

Duryea, E. J. (1983). Utilizing tenets of inoculation theory to develop and evaluate a preventive alcohol education

intervention. J Sch Health, 53(4), 250-256.

Dygala, P. (1979). "Guide for physicians in determining fitness to drive a motor vehicle". Can Med Assoc J, 120(6), 644.

Eberhard, J. (2008). Older drivers' "high per-mile crash involvement": the implications for licensing authorities. Traffic

Inj Prev, 9(4), 284-290. doi:901524646 [pii]

10.1080/15389580801895236

Eberhard, J. W. (1998). Driving is transportation for most older adults. Geriatrics, 53 Suppl 1, S53-55.

Eby, D., Molnar, L., Zhang, L., St. Louis, R. M., Zainer, N., & Kostyniuk, L. P. (2015). Keeping older aafult driving safely: A

research synthesis of advanced in-vehicle technologies. Retrieved from Washington DC:

Eby, D. W., & Molnar, L. J. (2012). Cognitive impairment and driving safety. Accid Anal Prev, 49, 261-262.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.035

Eby, D. W., Molnar, L. J., Shope, J. T., & Dellinger, A. M. (2007). Development and pilot testing of an assessment battery

for older drivers. J Safety Res, 38(5), 535-543. doi:S0022-4375(07)00101-6 [pii]

10.1016/j.jsr.2007.07.004 [doi]

Eby, D. W., Molnar, L. J., Shope, J. T., Vivoda, J. M., & Fordyce, T. A. (2003). Improving older driver knowledge and

self-awareness through self-assessment: the driving decisions workbook. J Safety Res, 34(4), 371-381.

Eby, D. W., Silverstein, N. M., Molnar, L. J., LeBlanc, D., & Adler, G. (2012). Driving behaviors in early stage dementia: A

study using in-vehicle technology. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 49, 330-337.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.11.021

Edgley, S. R., Lew, H. L., Moroz, A., Chae, J., Lombard, L. A., & Reddy, C. C. (2009). Stroke and Neurodegenerative

Disorders: 4. Community Integration. PM&R, 1(3, Supplement), S27-S34.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.01.022

Edwards, J. D., Bart, E., O'Connor, M. L., & Cissell, G. (2010). Ten years down the road: predictors of driving cessation.

Gerontologist, 50(3), 393-399. doi:10.1093/geront/gnp127

Edwards, J. D., Delahunt, P. B., & Mahncke, H. W. (2009). Cognitive speed of processing training delays driving

cessation. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 64(12), 1262-1267. doi:10.1093/gerona/glp131

Edwards, J. D., Leonard, K. M., Lunsman, M., Dodson, J., Bradley, S., Myers, C. A., & Hubble, B. (2008). Acceptability and

validity of older driver screening with the DrivingHealth Inventory. Accid Anal Prev, 40(3), 1157-1163.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2007.12.008

Edwards, J. D., Myers, C., Ross, L. A., Roenker, D. L., Cissell, G. M., McLaughlin, A. M., & Ball, K. K. (2009). The

longitudinal impact of cognitive speed of processing training on driving mobility. Gerontologist, 49(4),

485-494. doi:gnp042 [pii]

10.1093/geront/gnp042

Edwards, J. D., Perkins, M., Ross, L. A., & Reynolds, S. L. (2009). Driving status and three-year mortality among

community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 64(2), 300-305. doi:gln019 [pii]

10.1093/gerona/gln019

Edwards, J. D., Ross, L. A., Ackerman, M. L., Small, B. J., Ball, K. K., Bradley, S., & Dodson, J. E. (2008). Longitudinal

predictors of driving cessation among older adults from the ACTIVE clinical trial. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc

Sci, 63(1), P6-12. doi:63/1/P6 [pii]

Edwards, J. D., Ross, L. A., Wadley, V. G., Clay, O. J., Crowe, M., Roenker, D. L., & Ball, K. K. (2006). The useful field of

view test: Normative data for older adults. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 21(4), 275-286.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acn.2006.03.001

Edwards, M. R., Oliver, M. C., & Hatrick, N. C. (2009). Driving with a forearm plaster cast: patients' perspective. Emerg

Med J, 26(6), 405-406. doi:10.1136/emj.2008.062943

Eisenhandler, S. A. (1990). The asphalt identikit: old age and the driver's license. Int J Aging Hum Dev, 30(1), 1-14.

Ekoe, J. M., Laberge-Nadeau, C., Ghadirian, P., & Hamet, P. (1991). [Impact of diabetes mellitus on driving safety].

Diabete Metab, 17(1), 61-68.

El Farouki, K., Lagarde, E., Orriols, L., Bouvard, M. P., Contrand, B., & Galera, C. (2014). The increased risk of road

crashes in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) adult drivers: driven by distraction? Results from a

responsibility case-control study. PLoS One, 9(12), e115002. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115002

El'garov, A. A., Inarokova, A. M., Zhasminova, V. G., & Balkarova, A. A. (1991). [Incidence of arterial hypertension in

Kabarda-Balkaria and the experience with its prevention among automobile transport workers]. Kardiologiia,

31(12), 48-51.

Elkin-Frankston, S., Lebowitz, B. K., Kapust, L. R., Hollis, A. M., & O'Connor, M. G. (2007). The use of the Color Trails Test

in the assessment of driver competence: Preliminary report of a culture-fair instrument. Archives of Clinical

Neuropsychology, In Press, Corrected Proof.

Ellen, R. L., Marshall, S. C., Palayew, M., Molnar, F. J., Wilson, K. G., & Man-Son-Hing, M. (2006). Systematic review of

motor vehicle crash risk in persons with sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med, 2(2), 193-200.

Elliott, J. O., & Long, L. (2008). Perceived risk, resources, and perceptions concerning driving and epilepsy: A patient

perspective. Epilepsy & Behavior, 13(2), 381-386. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.04.019

Elvik, R. (2011). A framework for a critical assessment of the quality of epidemiological studies of driver health and

accident risk. Accid Anal Prev, 43(6), 2047-2052. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.05.024

Elwood, P. (1998). Driving, mental illness and the role of the psychiatrist. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 15(2),

49-51. doi:10.1017/S0790966700003505

Emerson, J. L., Johnson, A. M., Dawson, J. D., Uc, E. Y., Anderson, S. W., & Rizzo, M. (2011). Predictors of driving

outcomes in advancing age. Psychol Aging. doi:10.1037/a0026359

Engeland, A., Skurtveit, S., & Morland, J. (2007). Risk of road traffic accidents associated with the prescription of drugs:

a registry-based cohort study. Ann Epidemiol, 17(8), 597-602. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.03.009

Engleman, H., & Joffe, D. (1999). Neuropsychological function in obstructive sleep apnoea. Sleep Medicine Reviews,

3(1), 59-78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1087-0792(99)90014-X

Engleman, H. M., Hirst, W. S., & Douglas, N. J. (1997). Under reporting of sleepiness and driving impairment in patients

with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. J Sleep Res, 6(4), 272-275.

Eramudugolla, R., Price, J., Chopra, S., Li, X., & Anstey, K. J. (2016). Comparison of a Virtual Older Driver Assessment

with an On-Road Driving Test. J Am Geriatr Soc, 64(12), e253-e258. doi:10.1111/jgs.14548

Ernst, J., Krapp, S., Schuster, T., Forstl, H., Kurz, A., & Diehl-Schmid, J. (2010). [Car driving ability of patients with

frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer's disease]. Nervenarzt, 81(1), 79-85.

doi:10.1007/s00115-009-2847-5

Escobedo, L. G., Chorba, T. L., & Waxweiler, R. (1995). Patterns of alcohol use and the risk of drinking and driving

among US high school students. Am J Public Health, 85(7), 976-978.

Espada, J. P., Griffin, K. W., Gonzalvez, M. T., & Orgiles, M. (2015). Predicting Alcohol-Impaired Driving among Spanish

Youth with the Theory of Reasoned Action. Span J Psychol, 18, E43. doi:10.1017/sjp.2015.44

Esser, M. B., Bao, J., Jernigan, D. H., & Hyder, A. A. (2016). Evaluation of the Evidence Base for the Alcohol Industry's

Actions to Reduce Drink Driving Globally. Am J Public Health, 106(4), 707-713. doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.303026

Etienne, V., Marin-Lamellet, C., & Laurent, B. (2013). Mental flexibility impairment in drivers with early Alzheimer's

disease: A simulator-based study. IATSS Research, 37(1), 16-20.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2013.06.005

EU Commission. (2006). EU Directive 2006/126/EC Driving Licences. Brussels: EU Commission Retrieved from

http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32006L0126&qid=1501585058756&from=E

N.

EU Commission. (2009). EU Directive 2009/113 Amending Directive 2006/126/EC on Driving Licences. In. Brussels: EU

Commission.

EU Commission. (2016). Directive 2016/1106/EU. Brussels: EU Commission Retrieved from

https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/dd8a0e11-44cf-11e6-9c64-01aa75ed71a1

/language-en.

EU Commission DG fr Mobility and Transport. (2014). Study on the prevention of drink-driving by the use of alcohol

interlock devices. Brussels: EU Commission Retrieved from

https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/behavior/study_alcohol_interlock.pdf.

EU Expert Working Group on Driving and Cardiovascular Disease. (2013). New Standards for Driving and

Cardiovascular Diseases. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union Retrieved from

https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/behavior/driving_and_cardiovascular_di

sease_final.pdf.

EU Expert Working Group on Driving and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. (2013). New standards and guidelinesfor drivers

with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Brussels: MOVE-C4-Secretariat Retrieved from

https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/behavior/sleep_apnoea.pdf.

EU Eyesight Working Group. (2005). New standards for visual functions of drivers. Brussels: EU Commission Retrieved

from

https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/behavior/new_standards_final_version_

en.pdf.

EU Working Group on Diabetes and Driving. (2005). Diabetes and driving. Retrieved from

https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/behavior/diabetes_and_driving_in_euro

pe_final_1_en.pdf.

EU Working Group on Epilepsy and Driving. (2005). Epilepsy and driving in Europe. Brussels: EU Commission Retrieved

from

https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/behavior/epilepsy_and_driving_in_euro

pe_final_report_v2_en.pdf.

European Council of Optometry and Optics Working Group on Vision. (2017). Visual standards for driving in Europe: A

consensus paper. Retrieved from London:

http://www.ecoo.info/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Visual-Standards-for-Driving-in-Europe-Consensus-Pap

er-January-2017....pdf

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2014). Driving under the influence of Drugs, Alcohol and

Medicines in Europe - findings from the DRUI~D project. Luxembourg: Publications office of the European

Union Retrieved from

http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/system/files/publications/743/TDXA12006ENN_402402.pdf.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2014). Drug use, impaired driving and traffic.

Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union Retrieved from

http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/system/files/publications/849/TDXD14016ENN_474631.pdf.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2014). Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents.

Luxembourg: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction.

Evans, L. (1988). Older driver involvement in fatal and severe traffic crashes. J Gerontol, 43(6), S186-193.

Evans, L. (2000). Risks older drivers face themselves and threats they pose to other road users. Int J Epidemiol, 29(2),

315-322.

Everest, J., RJ, T., & Widdop, B. (1989). The incidence of drugs in road accident fatalities. Crowthorne: Transport

Research Laboratory Retrieved from https://trl.co.uk/reports/RR202.

Ewing, B. A., Tucker, J. S., Miles, J. N., Shih, R. A., Kulesza, M., Pedersen, E. R., & D'Amico, E. J. (2015). Early Substance

Use and Subsequent DUI in Adolescents. Pediatrics, 136(5), 868-875. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-1143

Fabiano, G. A., Schatz, N. K., Morris, K. L., Willoughby, M. T., Vujnovic, R. K., Hulme, K. F., . . . Pelham, W. E. (2016).

Efficacy of a family-focused intervention for young drivers with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J

Consult Clin Psychol, 84(12), 1078-1093. doi:10.1037/ccp0000137

Fabritius, M., Augsburger, M., Chtioui, H., Favrat, B., & Giroud, C. (2014). Fitness to drive and cannabis: Validation of

two blood THCCOOH thresholds to distinguish occasional users from heavy smokers. Forensic Sci Int, 242,

1-8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.05.014

Fallon, I., & O’Neill, D. (2005). The world's first automobile fatality. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 37(4), 601-603.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.02.002

Farber, B. (2000). [New vehicle technologies for supporting the mobility of the elderly]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 33(3),

178-185.

Favrat, B., Lambert, S. J., Selz, R., Ombelli, J., Pasche, C., & Mangin, P. (2008). [Fitness to drive: which assessment by

doctors in 2008?]. Rev Med Suisse, 4(164), 1594-1598.

Featherstone, K. A., Bloomfield, J. R., Lang, A. J., Miller-Meeks, M. J., Woodworth, G., & Steinert, R. F. (1999). Driving

simulation study: bilateral array multifocal versus bilateral AMO monofocal intraocular lenses. J Cataract

Refract Surg, 25(9), 1254-1262.

Federal Motor Carriers Safety Administration. (2017). Driver Medical Requirements. Retrieved from

https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/medical/driver-medical-requirements/driver-medical-fitness-duty

Fejer, T. P. (1995). Correction of night myopia and glare for night driving. Can J Ophthalmol, 30(1), 25-27.

Fejer, T. P., & Girgis, R. (1992). Night myopia: implications for the young driver. Can J Ophthalmol, 27(4), 172-176.

Ferguson, A. L., & Hedden, F. J. (1980). Fitness to drive a motor vehicle. S Afr Med J, 58(14), 576-577.

Fergusson, D. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2001). Cannabis use and traffic accidents in a birth cohort of young adults.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 33(6), 703-711. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(00)00082-8

Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., & Boden, J. M. (2008). Is driving under the influence of cannabis becoming a greater

risk to driver safety than drink driving? Findings from a longitudinal study. Accident Analysis & Prevention,

40(4), 1345-1350. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2008.02.005

Ferreira, I. S., Simões, M. R., & Marôco, J. (2012). The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised as a potential

screening test for elderly drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 49, 278-286.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.03.036

Ferreira, I. S., Simões, M. R., & Marôco, J. (2013). Cognitive and psychomotor tests as predictors of on-road driving

ability in older primary care patients. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 21,

146-158. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2013.09.007

Ferri, C. P., Prince, M., Brayne, C., Brodaty, H., Fratiglioni, L., Ganguli, M., . . . Alzheimer's Disease, I. (2005). Global

prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study. Lancet, 366(9503), 2112-2117.

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67889-0

Festa, E. K., Ott, B. R., Manning, K. J., Davis, J. D., & Heindel, W. C. (2013). Effect of cognitive status on self-regulatory

driving behavior in older adults: an assessment of naturalistic driving using in-car video recordings. J Geriatr

Psychiatry Neurol, 26(1), 10-18. doi:10.1177/0891988712473801

Fields, S. M., & Unsworth, C. A. (2017). Revision of the Competency Standards for Occupational Therapy Driver

Assessors: An overview of the evidence for the inclusion of cognitive and perceptual assessments within

fitness-to-drive evaluations. Aust Occup Ther J. doi:10.1111/1440-1630.12379

Fildes, B., Charlton, J., Muir, C., & Koppel, S. (2007). Driving responses of older and younger drivers in a driving

simulator. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med, 51, 559-572.

Fildes, B. N. (2008). Future directions for older driver research. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 387-393.

doi:10.1080/15389580802272435

Filipe Marmeleira, J. F., Soares de Melo, F. M., Tlemcani, M., & Godinho, M. A. (2011). Exercise can improve speed of

behavior in older drivers. J Aging Phys Act, 19(1), 48-61.

Filomeno, R., Ikeda, A., & Tanigawa, T. (2016). Developing policy regarding obstructive sleep apnea and driving among

commercial drivers in the United States and Japan. Ind Health, 54(5), 469-475.

doi:10.2486/indhealth.2015-0229

Finck, H., & Rinnert, K. (2004). [Diabetes mellitus--fitness to drive private and commercial vehicles]. MMW Fortschr

Med, 146(37), 47-50.

Findley, L. J., Weiss, J. W., & Jabour, E. R. (1991). Drivers with untreated sleep apnea. A cause of death and serious

injury. Arch Intern Med, 151(7), 1451-1452.

Fine, E. W., & Scoles, P. (1976). Secondary prevention of alcoholism using a population of offenders arrested for

driving while intoxicated. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 273, 637-645.

Finestone, A. J. (2006). The older driver: who is responsible? The state, the doctor, or the older driver? Clin Interv

Aging, 1(1), 6-10.

Finestone, H. M., Guo, M., O'Hara, P., Greene-Finestone, L., Marshall, S. C., Hunt, L., . . . Jessup, A. (2010). Driving and

reintegration into the community in patients after stroke. PM R, 2(6), 497-503. doi:S1934-1482(10)00299-6

[pii]

10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.03.030

Finestone, H. M., Guo, M., O'Hara, P., Greene-Finestone, L., Marshall, S. C., Hunt, L., . . . Biggs, J. (2011). Department of

Transportation vs self-reported data on motor vehicle collisions and driving convictions for stroke survivors:

do they agree? Traffic Inj Prev, 12(4), 327-332. doi:10.1080/15389588.2011.581716

Firestone, R. T., Mihaere, K., & Gander, P. H. (2009). Obstructive sleep apnoea among professional taxi drivers: a pilot

study. Accid Anal Prev, 41(3), 552-556. doi:S0001-4575(09)00034-7 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2009.02.006

Fishbain, D. A., Cutler, R. B., Rosomoff, H. L., & Rosomoff, R. S. (2003). Are Opioid-Dependent/Tolerant Patients

Impaired in Driving-Related Skills? A Structured Evidence-Based Review. Journal of Pain and Symptom

Management, 25(6), 559-577. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(03)00176-3

Fisher, B. M., Storer, A. M., & Frier, B. M. (1985). Diabetes, driving, and the general practitioner. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed),

291(6489), 181-182.

Fisher, C., Chekaluk, E., & Irwin, J. (2015). Impaired Driving Performance as Evidence of a Magnocellular Deficit in

Dyslexia and Visual Stress. Dyslexia, 21(4), 350-360. doi:10.1002/dys.1504

Fisher, R. S., Parsonage, M., Beaussart, M., Bladin, P., Masland, R., Sonnen, A. E., & Remillard, G. (1994). Epilepsy and

driving: an international perspective. Joint Commission on Drivers' Licensing of the International Bureau for

Epilepsy and the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia, 35(3), 675-684.

Fishman, G. A., Anderson, R. J., Stinson, L., & Haque, A. (1981). Driving performance of retinitis pigmentosa patients. Br

J Ophthalmol, 65(2), 122-126.

Fisk, G. D., Owsley, C., & Mennemeier, M. (2002). Vision, attention, and self-reported driving behaviors in

community-dwelling stroke survivors. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 83(4), 469-477.

Fisk, G. D., Owsley, C., & Pulley, L. V. (1997). Driving after stroke: Driving exposure, advice, and evaluations. Archives of

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 78(12), 1338-1345. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90307-5

Fisk, G. D., Schneider, J. J., & Novack, T. A. (1998). Driving following traumatic brain injury: prevalence, exposure,

advice and evaluations. Brain Inj, 12(8), 683-695.

Fitten, L. J. (1997). The demented driver: the doctor's dilemma. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 11 Suppl 1, 57-61.

Fitten, L. J. (2003). Driver screening for older adults. Arch Intern Med, 163(18), 2129-2131; discussion 2131.

doi:10.1001/archinte.163.18.2129

Fitten, L. J., Perryman, K. M., Wilkinson, C. J., Little, R. J., Burns, M. M., Pachana, N., . . . Ganzell, S. (1995). Alzheimer and

vascular dementias and driving. A prospective road and laboratory study [see comments]. Jama, 273(17),

1360-1365.

Fitzgerald, J. L., & Mulford, H. A. (1992). Elderly vs. younger problem drinker 'treatment' and recovery experiences. Br J

Addict, 87(9), 1281-1291.

Fitzgerald, S. G., Songer, T., Rotko, K. A., & Karg, P. (2007). Motor vehicle transportation use and related adverse events

among persons who use wheelchairs. Assist Technol, 19(4), 180-187.

Fitzpatrick, D., & O’Neill, D. (2017). The older motorcyclist. European Geriatric Medicine, 8(1), 10-15.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2016.10.004

Foley, K. T., & Mitchell, S. J. (1997). The elderly driver: what physicians need to know. Cleve Clin J Med, 64(8), 423-428.

Folkerts, H. (1993). [Automobile driving capacity of the elderly from the psychiatric viewpoint]. Fortschr Med, 111(15),

252-254.

Fong, G., Frost, D., & Stansfeld, S. (2001). Road rage: a psychiatric phenomenon? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,

36(6), 277-286.

Forrest, K. Y., Bunker, C. H., Songer, T. J., Coben, J. H., & Cauley, J. A. (1997). Driving patterns and medical conditions in

older women. J Am Geriatr Soc, 45(10), 1214-1218.

Forsman, P., Pyykkö, I., Toppila, E., & Hæggström, E. (2014). Feasibility of force platform based roadside drowsiness

screening – A pilot study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 62, 186-190.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.09.015

Fortin-McCue, L. A., Saleheen, H., McQuay, J., Jacobs, L., & Lapidus, G. (2013). Implementation of a community-based

mature driver screening and referral program: A feasibility study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 751-757.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.06.030

Fournie, P., Ponchel, C., Ancele, E., & Arne, J. L. (2006). [Automobile driving and visual aptitude in 100 patients over 60

years of age]. J Fr Ophtalmol, 29(8), 901-907.

Fox, G. K., Bashford, G. M., & Caust, S. L. (1992). Identifying safe versus unsafe drivers following brain impairment: the

Coorabel Programme. Disabil Rehabil, 14(3), 140-145.

Fox, G. K., Bowden, S. C., Bashford, G. M., & Smith, D. S. (1997). Alzheimer's disease and driving: prediction and

assessment of driving performance. J Am Geriatr Soc, 45(8), 949-953.

Fox, G. K., Bowden, S. C., & Smith, D. S. (1998). On-road assessment of driving competence after brain impairment:

Review of current practice and recommendations for a standardized examination. Archives of Physical

Medicine and Rehabilitation, 79(10), 1288-1296. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90277-5

Freeman, E. E., Gange, S. J., Munoz, B., & West, S. K. (2006). Driving status and risk of entry into long-term care in older

adults. Am J Public Health, 96(7), 1254-1259.

Freeman, E. E., Munoz, B., Turano, K. A., & West, S. K. (2005). Measures of visual function and time to driving cessation

in older adults. Optom Vis Sci, 82(8), 765-773.

Freeman, E. E., Munoz, B., Turano, K. A., & West, S. K. (2006). Measures of visual function and their association with

driving modification in older adults. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 47(2), 514-520.

Freeman, J., Maxwell, J. C., & Davey, J. (2011). Unraveling the complexity of driving while intoxicated: a study into the

prevalence of psychiatric and substance abuse comorbidity. Accid Anal Prev, 43(1), 34-39.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.004

Freidel, M., Tiel-Wilck, K., Schreiber, H., Prechtl, A., Essner, U., & Lang, M. (2015). Drug-resistant MS spasticity

treatment with Sativex® add-on and driving ability. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 131(1), 9-16.

doi:10.1111/ane.12287

Freund, B. (2006). Office-based evaluation of the older driver. J Am Geriatr Soc, 54(12), 1943-1944.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00966.x

Freund, B., Colgrove, L. A., Burke, B. L., & McLeod, R. (2005). Self-rated driving performance among elderly drivers

referred for driving evaluation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 37(4), 613-618.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.03.002

Freund, B., Colgrove, L. A., Petrakos, D., & McLeod, R. (2008). In my car the brake is on the right: pedal errors among

older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 40(1), 403-409. doi:S0001-4575(07)00121-2 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2007.07.012 [doi]

Freund, B., & Colgrove, L. A. A. (2008). Error specific restrictions for older drivers: Promoting continued independence

and public safety. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40(1), 97-103.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2007.04.010

Freund, B., & Szinovacz, M. (2002). Effects of cognition on driving involvement among the oldest old: variations by

gender and alternative transportation opportunities. Gerontologist, 42(5), 621-633.

Fried, R., Petty, C. R., Surman, C. B., Reimer, B., Aleardi, M., Martin, J. M., . . . Biederman, J. (2006). Characterizing

impaired driving in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry,

67(4), 567-574.

Friedland, R. P., Koss, E., Kumar, A., Gaine, S., Metzler, D., Haxby, J. V., & Moore, A. (1988). Motor vehicle crashes in

dementia of the Alzheimer type [see comments]. Ann Neurol, 24(6), 782-786.

Friedman, T. W., Robinson, S. R., & Yelland, G. W. (2011). Impaired perceptual judgment at low blood alcohol

concentrations. Alcohol, 45(7), 711-718. doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.10.007

Frier, B., & Wilson, I. (1986). Driving after stroke. The Lancet, 328(8518), 1280.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(86)92706-6

Frier, B. M., Matthews, D. M., Steel, J. M., & Duncan, L. J. (1980). Driving and insulin-dependent diabetes. Lancet,

1(8180), 1232-1234.

Frittelli, C., Borghetti, D., Iudice, G., Bonanni, E., Maestri, M., Tognoni, G., . . . Iudice, A. (2009). Effects of Alzheimer's

disease and mild cognitive impairment on driving ability: a controlled clinical study by simulated driving test.

Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 24(3), 232-238. doi:10.1002/gps.2095

Frucht, S., Rogers, J. D., Greene, P. E., Gordon, M. F., & Fahn, S. (1999). Falling asleep at the wheel: motor vehicle

mishaps in persons taking pramipexole and ropinirole. Neurology, 52(9), 1908-1910.

Fuellmich, R. (1995). Civil responsibility for driving under the influence of pharmaceutical drugs in Germany. Med Law,

14(1-2), 23-35.

Fuermaier, A. B., Piersma, D., de Waard, D., Davidse, R. J., de Groot, J., Doumen, M. J., . . . Tucha, O. (2017). Assessing

fitness to drive-A validation study on patients with mild cognitive impairment. Traffic Inj Prev, 18(2), 145-149.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1232809

Fuermaier, A. B., Tucha, L., Evans, B. L., Koerts, J., de Waard, D., Brookhuis, K., . . . Tucha, O. (2017). Driving and attention

deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Neural Transm (Vienna), 124(Suppl 1), 55-67. doi:10.1007/s00702-015-1465-6

Fuermaier, A. B. M., Tucha, L., Evans, B. L., Koerts, J., de Waard, D., Brookhuis, K., . . . Tucha, O. (2017). Driving and

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Neural Transmission, 124(Suppl 1), 55-67.

doi:10.1007/s00702-015-1465-6

Fuller, R. (2005). Towards a general theory of driver behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 37(3), 461-472. doi:DOI:

10.1016/j.aap.2004.11.003

Gadbois, E. A., & Dugan, E. (2015). The big five personality factors as predictors of driving status in older adults. J

Aging Health, 27(1), 54-74.

Gaines, J. M., Burke, K. L., Marx, K. A., Wagner, M., & Parrish, J. M. (2011). Enhancing older driver safety: A driving

survey and evaluation of the CarFit program. J Safety Res, 42(5), 351-358. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2011.07.007

Gale, C. P., & Camm, A. J. (2016). Assessment of palpitations. Bmj, 352. doi:10.1136/bmj.h5649

Gallagher, A., Shah, S., Abassi, W., & Walsh, E. (2016). Psychiatric illness, medication and driving: An audit of

documentation. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 33(3), 171-174. doi:10.1017/ipm.2015.31

Gallo, J. J., Rebok, G. W., & Lesikar, S. E. (1999). The driving habits of adults aged 60 years and older. J Am Geriatr Soc,

47(3), 335-341.

Galski, T., Bruno, R. L., & Ehle, H. T. (1992). Driving after cerebral damage: a model with implications for evaluation. Am

J Occup Ther, 46(4), 324-332.

Galski, T., Bruno, R. L., & Ehle, H. T. (1993). Prediction of behind-the-wheel driving performance in patients with

cerebral brain damage: a discriminant function analysis. Am J Occup Ther, 47(5), 391-396.

Galski, T., Ehle, H. T., & Bruno, R. L. (1990). An assessment of measures to predict the outcome of driving evaluations

in patients with cerebral damage. Am J Occup Ther, 44(8), 709-713.

Galski, T., Ehle, H. T., McDonald, M. A., & Mackevich, J. (2000). Evaluating fitness to drive after cerebral injury: basic

issues and recommendations for medical and legal communities. J Head Trauma Rehabil, 15(3), 895-908.

Galski, T., Ehle, H. T., & Williams, J. B. (1997). Off-road driving evaluations for persons with cerebral injury: a factor

analytic study of predriver and simulator testing. Am J Occup Ther, 51(5), 352-359.

Ganz, S. B., Levin, A. Z., Peterson, M. G., & Ranawat, C. S. (2003). Improvement in driving reaction time after total hip

arthroplasty. Clin Orthop(413), 192-200.

Garcia, A., Pantiga, C., Fernandez, S., & Menendez-Patterson, A. (1997). Effects of diet on the ability to drive. J Nutr Sci

Vitaminol (Tokyo), 43(5), 541-551.

Garcia-Fortea, P., Estebaranz-Garcia, F. J., Heredia-Civantos, M. D., Bermudez-Virgos, A., & Rodriguez-Ortega, J. (2016).

[Are our medical centres for fitness to drive and firearms licences effective?]. Rev Calid Asist, 31(1), 34-41.

doi:10.1016/j.cali.2015.09.005

Garfield, J. (2017). Inadequacy of self-assessment of vision, and fitness to drive. Med Leg J, 25817217718441.

doi:10.1177/0025817217718441

Gargoum, S. A., Tawfeek, M. H., El-Basyouny, K., & Koch, J. C. (2018). Available sight distance on existing highways:

Meeting stopping sight distance requirements of an aging population. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 112,

56-68. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.01.001

Garre-Olmo, J., Pujol, X. P., Garriga, O. T., Lopez-Pousa, S., & Vilalta-Franch, J. (2009). Biopsychosocial differences

between drivers and non-drivers over the age of 74. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 49(3), 355-359.

doi:S0167-4943(08)00239-2 [pii]

10.1016/j.archger.2008.11.012

Garriott, J. C., DiMaio, V. J., Zumwalt, R. E., & Petty, C. S. (1977). Incidence of drugs and alcohol in fatally injured motor

vehicle drivers. J Forensic Sci, 22(2), 383-389.

George, C. F. (2007). Sleep apnea, alertness, and motor vehicle crashes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 176(10), 954-956.

doi:10.1164/rccm.200605-629PP

George, C. F., & Smiley, A. (1999). Sleep apnea & automobile crashes. Sleep, 22(6), 790-795.

George, S., Clark, M., & Crotty, M. (2007). Development of the Adelaide driving self-efficacy scale. Clin Rehabil, 21(1),

56-61.

George, S., & Crotty, M. (2010). Establishing criterion validity of the Useful Field of View assessment and Stroke

Drivers' Screening Assessment: comparison to the result of on-road assessment. Am J Occup Ther, 64(1),

114-122.

George, S., Crotty, M., Gelinas, I., & Devos, H. (2014). Rehabilitation for improving automobile driving after stroke.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev(2), Cd008357. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008357.pub2

George, S., Crotty, M., Gelinas, I., & Devos, H. (2014). Rehabilitation for improving automobile driving after stroke.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2). Retrieved from

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008357.pub2/abstract

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008357.pub2

George, S., & Devos, H. (2012). Emerging evidence that older driver retraining can improve knowledge and on-road

driving skills. Aust Occup Ther J, 59(1), 103-104. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1630.2011.00992.x

Gerbo, R., Jin, C. F., & Allen, M. A. (2012). How should a commercial driver medical examiner approach determining

fitness for duty in a commercial motor vehicle operator with a body mass index >/=33 kg/m2? J Occup

Environ Med, 54(10), 1315-1317. doi:10.1097/JOM.0b013e318222b0a0

Gerchow, J. (1967). [Forensic medical problems in the evaluation of the fitness to drive with consideration of

dispositional influences (alcohol, drugs, fatigue)]. Nervenarzt, 38(5), 192-199.

Ghosh, D., Jamson, S. L., Baxter, P. D., & Elliott, M. W. (2015). Factors that affect simulated driving in patients with

obstructive sleep apnoea. ERJ Open Res, 1(2). doi:10.1183/23120541.00074-2015

Gibson, J., & Whiteman, L. (2012). DrivAbility: teaching medical aspects of driving. Clin Teach, 9(3), 164-167.

doi:10.1111/j.1743-498X.2011.00524.x

Gieteling, E. W., Bakker, M. S., Hoekema, A., Maurits, N. M., Brouwer, W. H., & van der Hoeven, J. H. (2012). Impaired

driving simulation in patients with Periodic Limb Movement Disorder and patients with Obstructive Sleep

Apnea Syndrome. Sleep Medicine, 13(5), 517-523. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2011.11.018

Gijsbers, A. J., Raymond, A., & Whelan, G. (1991). Does a blood alcohol level of 0.15 or more identify accurately

problem drinkers in a drink-driver population? [see comments]. Med J Aust, 154(7), 448-452.

Gilad, I., & Byran, E. (2015). Quantifying driver's field-of-view in tractors: methodology and case study. Int J Occup Saf

Ergon, 21(1), 20-29. doi:10.1080/10803548.2015.1017942

Gillespie, N. D., & McMurdo, M. E. (1999). A survey of attitudes and knowledge of geriatricians to driving in elderly

patients. Age Ageing, 28(1), 53-57.

Gilley, D. W., Wilson, R. S., Bennett, D. A., Stebbins, G. T., Bernard, B. A., Whalen, M. E., & Fox, J. H. (1991). Cessation of

driving and unsafe motor vehicle operation by dementia patients. Arch Intern Med, 151(5), 941-946.

Gillins, L. (1990). Yielding to age: when the elderly can no longer drive. J Gerontol Nurs, 16(11), 12-15.

Gimenez-Roldan, S., Dobato, J. L., & Mateo, D. (1998). [Vehicle drivers with Parkinson disease: behavior schedules of a

patient sample from the Community of Madrid]. Neurologia, 13(1), 13-21.

Gjerde, H., Christophersen, A. S., Normann, P. T., & Morland, J. (2013). Increased population drinking is not always

associated with increased number of drink driving convictions. Addiction, 108(12), 2221-2223.

doi:10.1111/add.12342

Gjerde, H., Strand, M. C., & Morland, J. (2015). Driving Under the Influence of Non-Alcohol Drugs--An Update Part I:

Epidemiological Studies. Forensic Sci Rev, 27(2), 89-113.

Gobbo, M. A., & Louza, M. R. (2014). Influence of stimulant and non-stimulant drug treatment on driving performance

in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol,

24(9), 1425-1443. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.06.006

Gober, G. (1990). Initial Medical Advisory Board review of medical impairment: effect on driver performance and traffic

safety. Tex Med, 86(12), 64-68.

Goel, S., Maharajan, P., Chua, C., Dong, B., Butcher, M., & Bagga, P. (2003). Driving ability after pupillary dilatation. Eye,

17(6), 735-738.

Goeller, B. F. (1969). Modeling the traffic-safety system. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 1(2), 167-204.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(69)90113-4

Golant, S. M. (1984). Factors influencing the nighttime activity of old persons in their community. J Gerontol, 39(4),

485-491.

Golias, I., & Karlaftis, M. G. (2001). An international comparative study of self-reported driver behavior. Transportation

Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 4(4), 243-256.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8478(01)00026-2

Golisz, K. (2014). Occupational therapy interventions to improve driving performance in older adults: a systematic

review. Am J Occup Ther, 68(6), 662-669. doi:10.5014/ajot.2014.011247

Golper, L. A., Rau, M. T., & Marshall, R. C. (1980). Aphasic adults and their decisions on driving: an evaluation. Arch

Phys Med Rehabil, 61(1), 34-40.

Gomez-Talegon, M. T., Fierro, I., Vicondoa, A., Ozcoidi-Val, M., & Alvarez, F. J. (2007). [Fitness-to-drive assessment in

drivers with neurological and neuromuscular disorders at the driving test centres]. Rev Neurol, 45(9),

526-531.

Gómez-Talegón, T., Fierro, I., Carmen Del Río, M., & Javier Álvarez, F. (2011). Classification of medicinal drugs and

driving: Co-ordination and synthesis report. Retrieved from

Gómez-Talegón, T., Fierro, I., González-Luque, J. C., Colás, M., López-Rivadulla, M., & Javier Álvarez, F. (2012).

Prevalence of psychoactive substances, alcohol, illicit drugs, and medicines, in Spanish drivers: A roadside

study. Forensic Sci Int, 223(1–3), 106-113. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.012

Goncalves, M. A., Paiva, T., Ramos, E., & Guilleminault, C. (2004). Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, sleepiness, and

quality of life. Chest, 125(6), 2091-2096.

Gonthier, R., Fabrigoule, C., & Domont, A. (2005). Useful assessment for identifying unsafe driving. Psychol

Neuropsychiatr Vieil, 3(1), 27-42.

Goodwin, D. (2014). Homonymous hemianopia: challenges and solutions. Clinical Opthalmology, 8, 1919-1927.

Gorrie, C. A., Rodriguez, M., Sachdev, P., Duflou, J., & Waite, P. M. (2007). Mild neuritic changes are increased in the

brains of fatally injured older motor vehicle drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 39(6), 1114-1120.

doi:S0001-4575(07)00028-0 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2007.02.008 [doi]

Gozdzik, H. (1975). [Accidents as a function of the development of transport facilities. Selected problems of medical

assessment of someone's fitness to be a driver]. Pol Tyg Lek, 30(35), 1436-1438.

Grabowski, D. C., Campbell, C. M., & Morrisey, M. A. (2004). Elderly licensure laws and motor vehicle fatalities. Jama,

291(23), 2840-2846.

Grabowski, D. C., & Morrisey, M. A. (2001). The effect of state regulations on motor vehicle fatalities for younger and

older drivers: a review and analysis. Milbank Q, 79(4), 517-545.

Graca, J. L. (1986). Driving and aging. Clin Geriatr Med, 2(3), 577-589.

Grace, J., Amick, M. M., D'Abreu, A., Festa, E. K., Heindel, W. C., & Ott, B. R. (2005). Neuropsychological deficits

associated with driving performance in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 11(6),

766-775.

Graci, V., Winston, F. K., & Seachrist, T. (n.d.). Cognitive workload in older adult drivers when using advanced in-vehicle

technology. Retrieved from

Gracitelli, C. P., Tatham, A. J., Boer, E. R., Abe, R. Y., Diniz-Filho, A., Rosen, P. N., & Medeiros, F. A. (2015). Predicting Risk

of Motor Vehicle Collisions in Patients with Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Study. PLoS One, 10(10), e0138288.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138288

Graveling, A. J., Deary, I. J., & Frier, B. M. (2013). Acute hypoglycemia impairs executive cognitive function in adults

with and without type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 36. doi:10.2337/dc13-0194

Graveling, A. J., & Frier, B. M. (2015). Driving and diabetes: problems, licensing restrictions and recommendations for

safe driving. Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology, 1(1), 8. doi:10.1186/s40842-015-0007-3

Graw, M. (2016). [Age, illness and ability to drive]. MMW Fortschr Med, 158(14), 39-42. doi:10.1007/s15006-016-8580-7

Gray, R., Perkins, S. A., Suryakumar, R., Neuman, B., & Maxwell, W. A. (2011). Reduced effect of glare disability on

driving performance in patients with blue light-filtering intraocular lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg, 37(1),

38-44. doi:S0886-3350(10)01579-8 [pii]

10.1016/j.jcrs.2010.07.034

Gregory, J. J., Stephens, A. N., Steele, N. A., & Groeger, J. A. (2009). Effects of upper-limb immobilisation on driving

safety. Injury, 40(3), 253-256. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2008.06.029

Gresset, J., & Meyer, F. (1994). Risk of automobile accidents among elderly drivers with impairments or chronic

diseases. Can J Public Health, 85(4), 282-285.

Gresset, J. A., & Meyer, F. M. (1994). Risk of accidents among elderly car drivers with visual acuity equal to 6/12 or

6/15 and lack of binocular vision. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 14(1), 33-37.

Greve, J. M., Santos, L., Alonso, A. C., & Tate, D. G. (2015). Driving evaluation methods for able-bodied persons and

individuals with lower extremity disabilities: a review of assessment modalities. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 70(9),

638-647. doi:10.6061/clinics/2015(09)08

Griffith, R. (2016). Standards for driving and implications for people with diabetes. Br J Nurs, 25(1), 60-61.

doi:10.12968/bjon.2016.25.1.60

Griffith, R., & Tengnah, C. (2011). Driving with diabetes: the automatism defence. Br J Community Nurs, 16(2), 75-77.

doi:10.12968/bjcn.2011.16.2.75

Griffith, R., & Tengnah, C. (2011). Legal basis for standards of driving with diabetes. Br J Community Nurs, 16(1), 19-22.

doi:10.12968/bjcn.2011.16.1.19

Groeger, J. A., & Rothengatter, J. A. (1998). Traffic psychology and behaviour. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic

Psychology and Behaviour, 1(1), 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8478(98)00007-2

Groom, M. J., van Loon, E., Daley, D., Chapman, P., & Hollis, C. (2015). Driving behaviour in adults with attention

deficit/hyperactivity disorder. BMC Psychiatry, 15, 175. doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0566-y

Groselj, J. (1997). Epilepsy and driving license regulations in Slovenia. Med Law, 16(2), 289-294.

Grosskopf, U., Wagner, R., Jacobi, F. K., & Krzizok, T. (1998). [Twilight vision and glare sensitivity in monofocal and

multifocal pseudophakia]. Ophthalmologe, 95(6), 432-437.

Gruber, N., Mosimann, U. P., Muri, R. M., & Nef, T. (2013). Vision and night driving abilities of elderly drivers. Traffic Inj

Prev, 14(5), 477-485. doi:10.1080/15389588.2012.727510

Guerrier, J. H., Manivannan, P., & Nair, S. N. (1999). The role of working memory, field dependence, visual search, and

reaction time in the left turn performance of older female drivers. Appl Ergon, 30(2), 109-119.

Guibert, R., Duarte-Franco, E., Ciampi, A., Potvin, L., Loiselle, J., & Philibert, L. (1998). Medical conditions and the risk of

motor vehicle crashes in men. Arch Fam Med, 7(6), 554-558.

Guibert, R., Potvin, L., Ciampi, A., Loiselle, J., Philibert, L., & Franco, E. D. (1998). Are drivers with CVD more at risk for

motor vehicle crashes? Study of men aged 45 to 70 [see comments]. Can Fam Physician, 44, 770-776.

Guo, F., Fang, Y., & Antin, J. F. (2015). Older driver fitness-to-drive evaluation using naturalistic driving data. J Safety

Res, 54, 49-54. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2015.06.013

Gurubhagavatula, I., Maislin, G., Nkwuo, J. E., & Pack, A. I. (2004). Occupational screening for obstructive sleep apnea

in commercial drivers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 170(4), 371-376.

Gurubhagavatula, I., Patil, S., Meoli, A., Olson, R., Sullivan, S., Berneking, M., & Watson, N. F. (2015). Sleep Apnea

Evaluation of Commercial Motor Vehicle Operators. J Clin Sleep Med, 12(3), 285-286. doi:10.5664/jcsm.5560

Gurubhagavatula, I., Sullivan, S., Meoli, A., Patil, S., Olson, R., Berneking, M., & Watson, N. F. (2017). Management of

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Commercial Motor Vehicle Operators: Recommendations of the AASM Sleep and

Transportation Safety Awareness Task Force. J Clin Sleep Med, 13(5), 745-758. doi:10.5664/jcsm.6598

Gustafsson, L., Liddle, J., Liang, P., Pachana, N., Hoyle, M., Mitchell, G., & McKenna, K. (2012). A driving cessation

program to identify and improve transport and lifestyle issues of older retired and retiring drivers. Int

Psychogeriatr, 1-9. doi:10.1017/s1041610211002560

Gustafsson, L. A., Liddle, J. M., Lua, S., Hoyle, M. F., Pachana, N. A., Mitchell, G. K., & McKenna, K. T. (2011). Participant

feedback and satisfaction with the UQDRIVE groups for driving cessation. Can J Occup Ther, 78(2), 110-117.

Gustavsen, I., Al-Sammurraie, M., Morland, J., & Bramness, J. G. (2009). Impairment related to blood drug

concentrations of zopiclone and zolpidem compared to alcohol in apprehended drivers. Accid Anal Prev,

41(3), 462-466. doi:S0001-4575(09)00012-8 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2009.01.011

Guzman, J. C., Armaganijan, L. V., & Morillo, C. A. (2013). Treatment of neurally mediated reflex syncope. Cardiol Clin,

31(1), 123-129. doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2012.10.007

Guzman, J. C., Garcia, R. G., Dillenburg, R., Sieger, F. S., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., & Morillo, C. A. (2006). Central

serotoninergic response to orthostatic challenge in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope. Europace, 8(4),

306-311. doi:10.1093/europace/euj053

Guzman, J. C., & Morillo, C. A. (2015). Syncope and Driving. Cardiol Clin, 33(3), 465-471. doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2015.04.014

Hack, M. A., Choi, S. J., Vijayapalan, P., Davies, R. J., & Stradling, J. R. (2001). Comparison of the effects of sleep

deprivation, alcohol and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) on simulated steering performance. Respir Med,

95(7), 594-601.

Hafner, J., Horn, S., Robinson, M., Purdie, G., & Jannes, J. (2014). Impact of New Regulations On Assessing Driving

Status (INROADS): A South Australian seizure clinic cohort. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 21(11),

1920-1923. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2014.03.028

Hagenzieker, M. P., Commandeur, J. J. F., & Bijleveld, F. D. (2014). The history of road safety research: A quantitative

approach. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 25, Part B, 150-162.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2013.10.004

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L. (1994). Aging and fatal accidents in male and female drivers. J Gerontol, 49(6), S286-290.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L. (1994). Compensation in older drivers as reflected in their fatal accidents. Accid Anal Prev,

26(1), 107-112.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., & Henriksson, P. (1999). Cohort effects in older drivers' accident type distribution: are older

drivers as old as they used to be? Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2(3),

131-138.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., Johansson, K., & Lundberg, C. (1995). Driver licenses as a measure of older drivers' exposure:

a methodological note. Accid Anal Prev, 27(6), 853-857.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., Johansson, K., & Lundberg, C. (1996). Medical screening of older drivers as a traffic safety

measure--a comparative Finnish-Swedish evaluation study. J Am Geriatr Soc, 44(6), 650-653.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., & Peters, B. (2000). Recent European research on older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 32(4),

601-607.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., Raitanen, T., & O'Neill, D. (2002). Driver ageing does not cause higher accident rates per km.

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 5(4), 271-274.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., & Wahlstrom, B. (1998). Why do older drivers give up driving? Accid Anal Prev, 30(3), 305-312.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., Wiklund, M., & Henriksson, P. (2005). Predicting older drivers' accident involvement--Smeed's

law revisited. Accid Anal Prev, 37(4), 675-680.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L. E. (1993). Fatal accidents of older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 25(1), 19-27.

Hakkanen, H., Summala, H., Partinen, M., Tiihonen, M., & Silvo, J. (1999). Blink duration as an indicator of driver

sleepiness in professional bus drivers. Sleep, 22(6), 798-802.

Hakkanen, J., & Summala, H. (2000). Sleepiness at work among commercial truck drivers. Sleep, 23(1), 49-57.

Halczuk, I. (2012). Epilepsy and driving license – new regulations. Pharmacological Reports, 64(1), 235-237.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1734-1140(12)70756-9

Hales, R. H. (1982). Functional ability profiles for driver licensing. Exemplification by visual profile. Arch Ophthalmol,

100(11), 1780-1783.

Hames, L. N. (1975). Physician reporting of driver impairment. Searching for answers. Jama, 234(10), 1027-1028.

Hammar, A., Lund, A., & Hugdahl, K. (2003). Selective impairment in effortful information processing in major

depression. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 9(6), 954-959. doi:10.1017/s1355617703960152

Handel, K. (1981). [Age limits for drivers' licenses]. Z Gerontol, 14(4), 304-307.

Handel, K. (1981). [Dangers to the aged in traffic]. Z Gerontol, 14(4), 313-317.

Hanewinckel, R., Drenthen, J., van Oijen, M., Hofman, A., van Doorn, P. A., & Ikram, M. A. (2016). Prevalence of

polyneuropathy in the general middle-aged and elderly population. Neurology, 87(18), 1892-1898.

doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000003293

Hannen, P., Hartje, W., & Skreczek, W. (1998). [Evaluating driving ability after brain damage. Neuropsychological

diagnosis and driving test]. Nervenarzt, 69(10), 864-872.

Hanrahan, R. B., Layde, P. M., Zhu, S., Guse, C. E., & Hargarten, S. W. (2009). The association of driver age with traffic

injury severity in Wisconsin. Traffic Inj Prev, 10(4), 361-367. doi:10.1080/15389580902973635

Hansen, E. A., & Hansen, B. L. (2002). [Cognitive functions and driving ability of older drivers]. Ugeskr Laeger, 164(3),

337-340.

Hansen, T. B., & Dupont, G. (1992). [Fatal traffic accidents among the elderly in the county of Ringkobing]. Ugeskr

Laeger, 154(51), 3676-3678.

Hanson, T. R., & Hildebrand, E. D. (2011). Are age-based licensing restrictions a meaningful way to enhance rural older

driver safety? The need for exposure considerations in policy development. Traffic Inj Prev, 12(1), 24-30.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2010.524957

Hansotia, P. (1993). Seizure disorders, diabetes mellitus, and cerebrovascular disease. Considerations for older drivers.

Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 323-339.

Hansotia, P., & Broste, S. K. (1991). The effect of epilepsy or diabetes mellitus on the risk of automobile accidents. N

Engl J Med, 324(1), 22-26.

Hansotia , P., & Broste , S. K. (1991). The Effect of Epilepsy or Diabetes Mellitus on the Risk of Automobile Accidents.

New England Journal of Medicine, 324(1), 22-26. doi:10.1056/nejm199101033240105

Hansotia, P., & Broste, S. K. (1993). Epilepsy and traffic safety. Epilepsia, 34(5), 852-858.

Harada, H., Nashihara, H., Morozumi, K., Ota, H., & Hatakeyama, E. (2007). A comparison of cerebral activity in the

prefrontal region between young adults and the elderly while driving. J Physiol Anthropol, 26(3), 409-414.

doi:JST.JSTAGE/jpa2/26.409 [pii]

Haraldsson, P. O., Carenfelt, C., Laurell, H., & Tornros, J. (1990). Driving vigilance simulator test. Acta Otolaryngol,

110(1-2), 136-140.

Haraldsson, P. O., Carenfelt, C., Lysdahl, M., & Tornros, J. (1995). Long-term effect of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on

driving performance. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 121(1), 90-94.

Haraldsson, P. O., Carenfelt, C., Persson, H. E., Sachs, C., & Tornros, J. (1991). Simulated long-term driving performance

before and after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec, 53(2), 106-110.

Haraldsson, P. O., Carenfelt, C., & Tingvall, C. (1992). Sleep apnea syndrome symptoms and automobile driving in a

general population. J Clin Epidemiol, 45(8), 821-825.

Harms, H., & Dietz, K. (1987). [Causes of inadequate vision in drivers and their significance in traffic]. Klin Monatsbl

Augenheilkd, 190(1), 3-7.

Harms, H., Kroner, B., & Dannheim, R. (1984). [Ophthalmological experiences with automobile drivers with inadequate

vision]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 185(2), 77-85.

Harrell, W. A. (1992). Older motorist yielding to pedestrians: are older drivers inattentive and unwilling to stop? Int J

Aging Hum Dev, 36(2), 115-127.

Hartenbaum, N., Collop, N., Rosen, I. M., Phillips, B., George, C. F., Rowley, J. A., . . . Rosekind, M. R. (2006). Sleep apnea

and commercial motor vehicle operators: statement from the joint Task Force of the American College of

Chest Physicians, American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, and the National Sleep

Foundation. J Occup Environ Med, 48(9 Suppl), S4-37. doi:10.1097/01.jom.0000236404.96857.a2

Hartley, L. R., & Horberry, T. (2000). The Fourth International Conference on Fatigue and Transportation: an overview

of the meeting and a synopsis of the main themes emerging. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic

Psychology and Behaviour, 3(4), 181-184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8478(01)00002-X

Hartman, R. L., Brown, T. L., Milavetz, G., Spurgin, A., Gorelick, D. A., Gaffney, G. R., & Huestis, M. A. (2016). Effect of

Blood Collection Time on Measured Delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations: Implications for Driving

Interpretation and Drug Policy. Clin Chem, 62(2), 367-377. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2015.248492

Hartman, R. L., Brown, T. L., Milavetz, G., Spurgin, A., Pierce, R. S., Gorelick, D. A., . . . Huestis, M. A. (2015). Cannabis

effects on driving lateral control with and without alcohol. Drug Alcohol Depend, 154, 25-37.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.015

Hartman, R. L., Brown, T. L., Milavetz, G., Spurgin, A., Pierce, R. S., Gorelick, D. A., . . . Huestis, M. A. (2016). Cannabis

effects on driving longitudinal control with and without alcohol. J Appl Toxicol, 36(11), 1418-1429.

doi:10.1002/jat.3295

Hartman, R. L., & Huestis, M. A. (2013). Cannabis effects on driving skills. Clin Chem, 59(3), 478-492.

doi:10.1373/clinchem.2012.194381

Hartmann, H. (1972). [Medical evaluation of the ability to drive in Switzerland]. Med Welt, 23(37), 1253-1254.

Hartmann, H. P. (1981). [The aged as automobile drivers]. Z Gerontol, 14(4), 296-303.

Hartvig, P., & Midttun, O. (1983). Coronary heart disease risk factors in bus and truck drivers. A controlled cohort

study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 52(4), 353-360.

Harvey, P., & Hopkins, A. (1983). VIEWS OF BRITISH NEUROLOGISTS ON EPILEPSY, DRIVING, AND THE LAW. The

Lancet, 321(8321), 401-404. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(83)91512-X

Harvey, R., Fraser, H., Bonner, D., Warnes, A., Warrington, E., & Rossor, M. (1995). Dementia and driving: Results of a

semi-realistic simulator study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 10(10), 859-864.

Hasan, S., Chay, E., Atanda, A., McGee Jr, A. W., Jazrawi, L. M., & Zuckerman, J. D. (2015). The effect of shoulder

immobilization on driving performance. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 24(2), 273-279.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2014.06.046

Haselkorn, J. K., Mueller, B. A., & Rivara, F. A. (1998). Characteristics of drivers and driving record after traumatic and

nontraumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 79(7), 738-742.

Hashemi Nazari, S. S., Moradi, A., & Rahmani, K. (2017). A systematic review of the effect of various interventions on

reducing fatigue and sleepiness while driving. Chinese Journal of Traumatology.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2017.03.005

Hasin, D., Paykin, A., Endicott, J., & Grant, B. (1999). The validity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse: drunk drivers versus all

others. J Stud Alcohol, 60(6), 746-755.

Hassan, H., King, M., & Watt, K. (2015). The perspectives of older drivers on the impact of feedback on their driving

behaviours: A qualitative study. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 28, 25-39.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2014.11.003

Hassoun, A. A., Abdella, N., Arouj, M. A., Awadi, F. A., Futaisi, A. A., Lamki, M. A., . . . Saadi, H. (2015). Driving and

diabetes mellitus in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: Call for action. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 110(1),

91-94. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2015.08.002

Hauri-Bionda, R., Bar, W., & Friedrich-Koch, A. (1998). [Driving fitness/driving capacity of patients treated with

methadone]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr, 128(41), 1538-1547.

Havlikova, M., Sediva, S., Jirgl, M., & Bradac, Z. (2015). Probabilistic reliability analysis of dynamic behavior of human

driver. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 48(4), 111-116. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.07.017

Hawley, C. (2015). Knowledge and attitudes of occupational therapists to giving advice on fitness to drive. BRITISH

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, 78(6), 339-348. doi:10.1177/0308022614562402

Hawley, C. A. (2001). Return to driving after head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 70(6), 761-766.

Hawley, C. A. (2010). The attitudes of health professionals to giving advice on fitness to drive. Retrieved from London:

Hawley, C. A., Galbraith, N. D., & De-Souza, V. (2010). Survey of medical students' knowledge of DVLA medical

standards. Retrieved from London:

Hawley, C. A., Galbraith, N. D., & deSouza, V. A. (2008). Medical education on fitness to drive: a survey of all UK

medical schools. Postgrad Med J, 84(998), 635-638. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2008.067959

Hayashino, Y., Yamazaki, S., Nakayama, T., Sokejima, S., & Fukuhara, S. (2008). Relationship between diabetes mellitus

and excessive sleepiness during driving. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 116(1), 1-5. doi:10.1055/s-2007-984442

[doi]

Haymes, S. A., Leblanc, R. P., Nicolela, M. T., Chiasson, L. A., & Chauhan, B. C. (2007). Risk of falls and motor vehicle

collisions in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 48(3), 1149-1155.

Haymes, S. A., LeBlanc, R. P., Nicolela, M. T., Chiasson, L. A., & Chauhan, B. C. (2008). Glaucoma and on-road driving

performance. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 49(7), 3035-3041. doi:iovs.07-1609 [pii]

10.1167/iovs.07-1609 [doi]

Hays, R. D., Bell, R. M., Hill, L. L., Gillogly, J. J., Lewis, M. W., Marshall, G. N., . . . Marlatt, G. A. (1994). The impact of

response options and location in a microcomputer interview on drinking drivers' alcohol use self-reports.

Alcohol Alcohol, 29(2), 203-209.

Heaton, K., & Anderson, D. (2007). A psychometric analysis of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. J Nurs Meas, 15(3),

177-188.

Heaton, K., Browning, S., & Anderson, D. (2008). Identifying variables that predict falling asleep at the wheel among

long-haul truck drivers. Aaohn j, 56(9), 379-385.

Hebert, C., Delaney, J. A., Hemmelgarn, B., Levesque, L. E., & Suissa, S. (2007). Benzodiazepines and elderly drivers: a

comparison of pharmacoepidemiological study designs. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 16(8), 845-849.

doi:10.1002/pds.1432 [doi]

Heikkila, V. M., & Kallanranta, T. (2005). Evaluation of the driving ability in disabled persons: a practitioners' view.

Disabil Rehabil, 27(17), 1029-1036.

Heikkila, V. M., Korpelainen, J., Turkka, J., Kallanranta, T., & Summala, H. (1999). Clinical evaluation of the driving ability

in stroke patients. Acta Neurol Scand, 99(6), 349-355.

Heikkila, V. M., Turkka, J., Korpelainen, J., Kallanranta, T., & Summala, H. (1998). Decreased driving ability in people

with Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 64(3), 325-330.

Heinrichs, R. W., & Zakzanis, K. K. (1998). Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia: a quantitative review of the

evidence. Neuropsychology, 12(3), 426-445.

Held, T., Lamberti, G., & Kubitzki, J. (1993). [Psychoses and driving fitness--development of criteria for clinical

assessment]. Rehabilitation (Stuttg), 32(3), 155-161.

Hels, T., Lyckegaard, A., Simonsen, K. W., Steentoft, A., & Bernhoft, I. M. (2013). Risk of severe driver injury by driving

with psychoactive substances. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 59, 346-356.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.06.003

Hemmelgarn, B., Suissa, S., Huang, A., Boivin, J. F., & Pinard, G. (1997). Benzodiazepine use and the risk of motor

vehicle crash in the elderly [see comments]. Jama, 278(1), 27-31.

Henning Belfrage, S. (1927). THE BROAD ROAD OF HEALTH. The Lancet, 210(5432), 788.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(01)35053-5

Henretig, F. M., Durbin, D. R., Kallan, M. J., & Winston, F. K. (2011). Grandparents Driving Grandchildren: An Evaluation

of Child Passenger Safety and Injuries. Pediatrics, 128(2), 289-295. doi:10.1542/peds.2011-0046

Herrmann, N., Rapoport, M. J., Sambrook, R., Hebert, R., McCracken, P., & Robillard, A. (2006). Predictors of driving

cessation in mild-to-moderate dementia. Cmaj, 175(6), 591-595.

Hickey, A. J., Weegar, K., Kadulina, Y., Gagnon, S., Marshall, S., Myers, A., . . . Candrive Research, T. (2013). The impact of

subclinical sleep problems on self-reported driving patterns and perceived driving abilities in a cohort of

active older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 61, 296-303. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.032

Hickey, K., Curtis, A. B., Lancaster, S., Larsen, G., Warwick, D., McAnulty, J., & Mitchell, L. B. (2001). Baseline factors

predicting early resumption of driving after life-threatening arrhythmias in the Antiarrhythmics Versus

Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Trial. Am Heart J, 142(1), 99-104.

Hiestand, D., & Phillips, B. (2011). Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: assessing and managing risk in the motor

vehicle operator. Curr Opin Pulm Med, 17(6), 412-418. doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834b96a4

Higgins, K. E., Wood, J., & Tait, A. (1998). Vision and driving: selective effect of optical blur on different driving tasks.

Hum Factors, 40(2), 224-232. doi:10.1518/001872098779480415

Hijar, M., Flores, M., Lopez, M. V., & Rosovsky, H. (1998). Alcohol intake and severity of injuries on highways in Mexico:

a comparative analysis. Addiction, 93(10), 1543-1551.

Hildreth, E. C., Beusmans, J. M., Boer, E. R., & Royden, C. S. (2000). From vision to action: experiments and models of

steering control during driving. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform, 26(3), 1106-1132.

Hill, L., Rybar, J., Baird, S., Concha-Garcia, S., Coimbra, R., & Patrick, K. (2011). Road safe seniors: Screening for

age-related driving disorders in inpatient and outpatient settings. J Safety Res, 42(3), 165-169.

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2011.05.005

Hills, B. L. (1980). Vision, visibility, and perception in driving. Perception, 9(2), 183-216.

Hippius, H. (1979). [Psychiatric diseases and driving fitness (author's transl)]. MMW Munch Med Wochenschr, 121(41),

1322-1325.

Hird, M. A., Vesely, K. A., Christie, L. E., Alves, M. A., Pongmoragot, J., Saposnik, G., & Schweizer, T. A. (2015). Is it safe to

drive after acute mild stroke? A preliminary report. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 354(1), 46-50.

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.04.043

Hird, M. A., Vetivelu, A., Saposnik, G., & Schweizer, T. A. (2014). Cognitive, On-road, and Simulator-based Driving

Assessment after Stroke. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 23(10), 2654-2670.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.06.010

Hirth, V. A., Davis, B., Fridriksson, J., Rorden, C., & Bonilha, L. (2007). Cognitive performance and neural correlates of

detecting driving hazards in healthy older adults. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 24(5), 335-342. doi:000108606

[pii]

10.1159/000108606 [doi]

Hitosugi, M. (2017). Medication and Driving-Appropriate Interventions. Yakugaku Zasshi, 137(3), 309-313.

doi:10.1248/yakushi.16-00237-1

Ho, G., Scialfa, C. T., Caird, J. K., & Graw, T. (2001). Visual search for traffic signs: the effects of clutter, luminance, and

aging. Hum Factors, 43(2), 194-207.

Hobson, D. E., Lang, A. E., Martin, W. R., Razmy, A., Rivest, J., & Fleming, J. (2002). Excessive daytime sleepiness and

sudden-onset sleep in Parkinson disease: a survey by the Canadian Movement Disorders Group. Jama,

287(4), 455-463.

Hofmann, U. K., Thumm, S., Jordan, M., Walter, C., Rondak, I. C., & Ipach, I. (2016). The Effects of Hip and Spine

Orthoses on Braking Parameters: A Simulated Study With Healthy Subjects. PM R, 8(1), 35-44.

doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.06.002

Hogan, D. B. (2005). Which older patients are competent to drive? Approaches to office-based assessment. Can Fam

Physician, 51, 362-368.

Hogan, T. M., Constantine, S. T., & Crain, A. D. (2016). Evaluation of Syncope in Older Adults. Emergency Medicine

Clinics of North America, 34(3), 601-627. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emc.2016.04.010

Hoggarth, P., Innes, C., Dalrymple-Alford, J., Croucher, M., Severinsen, J., Gray, J., . . . Jones, R. (2011). Assessment of

older drivers in New Zealand: the current system, research and recommendations. Australas J Ageing, 30(3),

148-155. doi:10.1111/j.1741-6612.2010.00478.x

Hoggarth, P. A., Innes, C. R. H., Dalrymple-Alford, J. C., & Jones, R. D. (2013). Predicting On-Road Assessment Pass and

Fail Outcomes in Older Drivers with Cognitive Impairment Using a Battery of Computerized Sensory-Motor

and Cognitive Tests. J Am Geriatr Soc, 61(12), 2192-2198. doi:10.1111/jgs.12540

Holland, C. A. (1993). Self-bias in older drivers' judgments of accident likelihood. Accid Anal Prev, 25(4), 431-441.

Holland, C. A., & Rabbitt, P. M. (1994). The problems of being an older driver: comparing the perceptions of an expert

group and older drivers. Appl Ergon, 25(1), 17-27.

Hollingworth, M. A., Harper, A. J. L., & Hamer, M. (2015). Risk factors for cycling accident related injury: The UK Cycling

for Health Survey. Journal of Transport & Health, 2(2), 189-194. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2015.01.001

Holt, G., Kay, M., McGrory, R., & Kumar, C. S. (2008). Emergency brake response time after first metatarsal osteotomy. J

Bone Joint Surg Am, 90(8), 1660-1664. doi:90/8/1660 [pii]

10.2106/JBJS.G.00552

Homann, C. N., Suppan, K., Homann, B., Crevenna, R., Ivanic, G., & Ruzicka, E. (2003). Driving in Parkinson's disease - a

health hazard? J Neurol, 250(12), 1439-1446.

Homann, C. N., Wenzel, K., Suppan, K., Ivanic, G., Kriechbaum, N., Crevenna, R., & Ott, E. (2002). Sleep attacks in

patients taking dopamine agonists: review. Bmj, 324(7352), 1483-1487.

Hooper, T. I., DeBakey, S. F., Pearse, L., Pratt, S., & Hoffman, K. J. (2010). The use of electronic pharmacy data to

investigate prescribed medications and fatal motor vehicle crashes in a military population, 2002–2006.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(1), 261-268. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.07.024

Hopkins, A., & Scambler, G. (1977). How doctors deal with epilepsy. Lancet, 1(8004), 183-186.

Hopkins, R. W., Kilik, L., Day, D. J., Rows, C., & Tseng, H. (2004). Driving and dementia in Ontario: a quantitative

assessment of the problem. Can J Psychiatry, 49(7), 434-438.

Horberry, T., & Inwood, C. (2010). Defining criteria for the functional assessment of driving. Applied Ergonomics, 41(6),

796-805. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2010.01.006

Horiuchi, A., Nakayama, Y., Katsuyama, Y., Ohmori, S., Ichise, Y., & Tanaka, N. (2008). Safety and driving ability

following low-dose propofol sedation. Digestion, 78(4), 190-194. doi:10.1159/000187118

Horne, J. A., & Reyner, L. A. (1995). Sleep related vehicle accidents [see comments]. Bmj, 310(6979), 565-567.

Horstmann, S., Hess, C. W., Bassetti, C., Gugger, M., & Mathis, J. (2000). Sleepiness-related accidents in sleep apnea

patients. Sleep, 23(3), 383-389.

Horswill, M. S. (2016). Improving Fitness to Drive: The Case for Hazard Perception Training. Australian Psychologist,

51(3), 173-181. doi:10.1111/ap.12132

Horswill, M. S., Anstey, K. J., Hatherly, C., Wood, J. M., & Pachana, N. A. (2011). Older drivers' insight into their hazard

perception ability. Accid Anal Prev, 43(6), 2121-2127. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.05.035

Horswill, M. S., Marrington, S. A., McCullough, C. M., Wood, J., Pachana, N. A., McWilliam, J., & Raikos, M. K. (2008). The

hazard perception ability of older drivers. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 63(4), P212-P218. doi:63/4/P212

[pii]

Horswill, M. S., Pachana, N. A., Wood, J., Marrington, S. A., McWilliam, J., & McCullough, C. M. (2009). A comparison of

the hazard perception ability of matched groups of healthy drivers aged 35 to 55, 65 to 74, and 75 to 84

years. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 15(5), 799-802. doi:S1355617709990312 [pii]

10.1017/S1355617709990312

Horwood, L. J., & Fergusson, D. M. (2000). Drink driving and traffic accidents in young people. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 32(6), 805-814. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(00)00005-1

Hossack, D. W. (1980). Medical catastrophe at the wheel. Med J Aust, 1(7), 327-328.

Houlden, R. L., Berard, L., Cheng, A., Kenshole, A. B., Silverberg, J., Woo, V. C., & Yale, J. F. (2015). Diabetes and driving:

2015 Canadian Diabetes Association updated recommendations for private and commercial drivers. Can J

Diabetes, 39(5), 347-353. doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.08.011

Huang, P., Kao, T., Curry, A. E., & Durbin, D. R. (2012). Factors associated with driving in teens with autism spectrum

disorders. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 33(1), 70-74. doi:10.1097/DBP.0b013e31823a43b7

Huber, P. (2010). Older drivers: Of which colour is the traffic light? European Geriatric Medicine, 1(2), 91-92.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2010.02.002

Hubicka, B., Laurell, H., & Bergman, H. (2010). Psychosocial characteristics of drunk drivers assessed by the Addiction

Severity Index, prediction of relapse. Scand J Public Health, 38(1), 71-77. doi:1403494809353506 [pii]

10.1177/1403494809353506

Hughes, B. P., Anund, A., & Falkmer, T. (2016). A comprehensive conceptual framework for road safety strategies.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 90, 13-28. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.01.017

Hughes, B. P., Newstead, S., Anund, A., Shu, C. C., & Falkmer, T. (2015). A review of models relevant to road safety.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 74, 250-270. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.06.003

Hughes, J. C., & Louw, S. J. (2002). Confidentiality and cognitive impairment: professional and philosophical ethics. Age

Ageing, 31(2), 147-150.

Huisingh, C., Levitan, E. B., Irvin, M. R., MacLennan, P., Wadley, V., & Owsley, C. (2017). Visual Sensory and

Visual-Cognitive Function and Rate of Crash and Near-Crash Involvement Among Older Drivers Using

Naturalistic Driving Data. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 58(7), 2959-2967. doi:10.1167/iovs.17-21482

Huisingh, C., McGwin, G., Jr., Wood, J., & Owsley, C. (2015). The driving visual field and a history of motor vehicle

collision involvement in older drivers: A population- based examination. - 56(- 1), - 138.

Hunt, L. (1992). The complex visual task of driving. Insight, 17(1), 30-31.

Hunt, L., Morris, J. C., Edwards, D., & Wilson, B. S. (1993). Driving performance in persons with mild senile dementia of

the Alzheimer type. J Am Geriatr Soc, 41(7), 747-752.

Hunt, L. A. (1993). Evaluation and retraining programs for older drivers. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 439-448.

Hunt, L. A., Brown, A. E., & Gilman, I. P. (2010). Drivers with dementia and outcomes of becoming lost while driving.

Am J Occup Ther, 64(2), 225-232.

Hunt, L. A., Murphy, C. F., Carr, D., Duchek, J. M., Buckles, V., & Morris, J. C. (1997). Environmental cueing may effect

performance on a road test for drivers with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 11

Suppl 1, 13-16.

Hunt, L. A., Murphy, C. F., Carr, D., Duchek, J. M., Buckles, V., & Morris, J. C. (1997). Reliability of the Washington

University Road Test. A performance-based assessment for drivers with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Arch

Neurol, 54(6), 707-712.

Huseth-Zosel, A. L., Sanders, G., O'Connor, M., Fuller-Iglesias, H., & Langley, L. (2016). Health Care Provider Mobility

Counseling Provision to Older Adults: A Rural/Urban Comparison. J Community Health, 41(1), 1-10.

doi:10.1007/s10900-015-0055-8

Hutchinson, J. M. C., & Gigerenzer, G. (2005). Simple heuristics and rules of thumb: Where psychologists and

behavioural biologists might meet. Behavioural Processes, 69(2), 97-124.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2005.02.019

Iachmeneva, E. I., & Chernysheva, S. G. (1996). [State of binocular vision and comparative assessment of methods of its

study in motor vehicle drivers]. Med Tr Prom Ekol, 8, 26-28.

Iachmeneva, E. I., Rozenblium Iu, Z., Chernysheva, S. G., & Eremin, V. M. (1994). [Effect of model disorders of binocular

vision on automobile driving]. Fiziol Cheloveka, 20(5), 156-158.

Ichikawa, M., Nakahara, S., & Inada, H. (2015). Impact of mandating a driving lesson for older drivers at license

renewal in Japan. Accid Anal Prev, 75, 55-60. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.11.015

Ichikawa, M., Nakahara, S., & Taniguchi, A. (2015). Older drivers' risks of at-fault motor vehicle collisions. Accid Anal

Prev, 81, 120-123. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.05.004

Iffland, R., Balling, P., Grassnack, F., & Krambrich, T. (1995). [Indicators for alcohol abuse in female drunk drivers.

(Comparative study with alcohol intoxicated male automobile drivers)]. Blutalkohol, 32(3), 144-161.

Iffland, R., & Grellner, W. (1994). [Gamma-glutamyltransferase and blood alcohol level--criteria for alcohol risk in

automobile drivers. A critical comment on the guidelines for medical-psychological studies of first-time

alcohol offenders]. Blutalkohol, 31(1), 8-23.

Ikeda, A., Katou, T., Kinoshita, M., & Aihara, M. (2002). Study of driver characteristics using driving simulator

considerations on difference in accident avoidance performance due to age. JSAE Review, 23(2), 219-222.

Iliffe, S., Mitchley, S., Gould, M., & Haines, A. (1994). Evaluation of the use of brief screening instruments for dementia,

depression and problem drinking among elderly people in general practice. Br J Gen Pract, 44(388), 503-507.

Imhoff, S., Lavalliere, M., Teasdale, N., & Fait, P. (2016). Driving assessment and rehabilitation using a driving simulator

in individuals with traumatic brain injury: A scoping review. NeuroRehabilitation, 39(2), 239-251.

doi:10.3233/nre-161354

Ingley, S., Chinnaswamy, S., Devakumar, M., Bell, D., & Tranter, R. (2009). A community based survey of cognitive

functioning, highway-code performance and traffic accidents in a cohort of older drivers. Int J Geriatr

Psychiatry, 24(3), 247-253. doi:10.1002/gps.2097

Inkster, B., & Frier, B. M. (2012). The effects of acute hypoglycaemia on cognitive function in type 1 diabetes. Br J

Diabetes Vasc Dis, 12. doi:10.1177/1474651412466273

Inkster, B., & Frier, B. M. (2013). Diabetes and driving. Diabetes Obes Metab, 15. doi:10.1111/dom.12071

Innes, C. R. H., Jones, R. D., Dalrymple-Alford, J. C., Hayes, S., Hollobon, S., Severinsen, J., . . . Anderson, T. J. (2007).

Sensory-motor and cognitive tests predict driving ability of persons with brain disorders. Journal of the

Neurological Sciences, 260(1–2), 188-198. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2007.04.052

International Traffic Medicine Association. (2017). What is traffic medicine? Retrieved from

http://www.trafficmedicine.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=13&Itemid=144

Isler, R. B., Parsonson, B. S., & Hansson, G. J. (1997). Age related effects of restricted head movements on the useful

field of view of drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 29(6), 793-801.

Itoh, N., Yamashita, A., & Kawakami, M. (2005). Effects of car-navigation display positioning on older drivers' visual

search. International Congress Series

Assessment and Promotion of Work Ability, Health and Well-being of Ageing Workers, 1280, 184-189.

Ivers, R. Q., Mitchell, P., & Cumming, R. G. (1999). Sensory impairment and driving: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Am

J Public Health, 89(1), 85-87.

Iverson, D. J., Gronseth, G. S., Reger, M. A., Classen, S., Dubinsky, R. M., & Rizzo, M. (2010). Practice Parameter update:

Evaluation and management of driving risk in dementia: Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of

the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 74(16), 1316-1324. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181da3b0f

Iwersen-Bergmann, S., Andresen, H., Puschel, K., Heinemann, A., & von Renteln-Kruse, W. (2009). [Use of psychotropic

substances by the elderly and driving accidents]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 42(3), 193-204.

doi:10.1007/s00391-009-0038-4

Jaber, L., Kirsh, D., Diamond, G., & Shuper, A. (2015). Long-Term Functional Outcomes in Israeli Adults Diagnosed in

Childhood with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Isr Med Assoc J, 17(8), 481-485.

Jackson, M. L., Croft, R. J., Kennedy, G. A., Owens, K., & Howard, M. E. (2013). Cognitive components of simulated

driving performance: Sleep loss effects and predictors. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 438-444.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.020

Jackson, M. L., Kennedy, G. A., Clarke, C., Gullo, M., Swann, P., Downey, L. A., . . . Howard, M. E. (2016). The utility of

automated measures of ocular metrics for detecting driver drowsiness during extended wakefulness. Accid

Anal Prev, 87, 127-133. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.11.033

Jackson, M. L., Raj, S., Croft, R. J., Hayley, A. C., Downey, L. A., Kennedy, G. A., & Howard, M. E. (2016). Slow eyelid

closure as a measure of driver drowsiness and its relationship to performance. Traffic Inj Prev, 17(3), 251-257.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1055327

James, W. H., Hutchison, B., Moore, D. D., & Smith, A. J. (1993). Predictors of driving while intoxicated (DWI) among

American Indians in the northwest. J Drug Educ, 23(4), 317-324.

James William, L. (2017). Licensing authorities' options for assessing and managing older driver safety.

Jang, R. W., Man-Son-Hing, M., Molnar, F. J., Hogan, D. B., Marshall, S. C., Auger, J., . . . Naglie, G. (2007). Family

physicians' attitudes and practices regarding assessments of medical fitness to drive in older persons. J Gen

Intern Med, 22(4), 531-543. doi:10.1007/s11606-006-0043-x

Janke, M. K. (2001). Assessing older drivers: Two studies. J Safety Res, 32(1), 43-74.

Janke, M. K. (2001). Medical Conditions and Other Factors in Driver Risk (CAL-DMV-RSS-01-190). Retrieved from

Sacramento, CA:

Janke, M. K., & Eberhard, J. W. (1998). Assessing medically impaired older drivers in a licensing agency setting.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 30(3), 347-361. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(97)00112-7

Janosi, A., Barczi, G., Kiss, B., & Becker, D. (2002). Evaluation of fitness to drive--conclusions after a case report. Orv

Hetil, 143(50), 2781-2784.

Janz, N. K., Musch, D. C., Gillespie, B. W., Wren, P. A., & Niziol, L. M. (2009). Evaluating clinical change and visual

function concerns in drivers and nondrivers with glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 50(4), 1718-1725.

doi:iovs.08-2575 [pii]

10.1167/iovs.08-2575

Jeng, C. L., Lin, J. S., Amoyal, K., Campbell, J., & Myerson, M. S. (2011). Driving brake reaction time following right ankle

arthrodesis. Foot Ankle Int, 32(9), 896-899.

Jerome, L., Segal, A., & Habinski, L. (2006). What we know about ADHD and driving risk: a literature review,

meta-analysis and critique. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 15(3), 105-125.

Jette, A. M., & Branch, L. G. (1992). A ten-year follow-up of driving patterns among community-dwelling elderly. Hum

Factors, 34(1), 25-31.

Jirsch, J., Gross, D. W., Jette, N., Federico, P., Dubeau, F., Tellez-Zenteno, J. F., . . . Yankovsky, A. (2014). Canadian

epileptologists' counseling of drivers amidst guideline inconsistencies. Can J Neurol Sci, 41(4), 413-420.

Jirsch, J., Siddiqi, M., Smyth, P., & Maximova, K. (2015). Bias in counseling of seizure patients following a transient

impairment of consciousness: differential adherence to driver fitness guidelines. Seizure, 30, 21-25.

doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2015.05.004

Jitkritsadakul, O., & Bhidayasiri, R. (2016). Physicians' role in the determination of fitness to drive in patients with

Parkinson's disease: systematic review of the assessment tools and a call for national guidelines. J Clin Mov

Disord, 3, 14. doi:10.1186/s40734-016-0043-x

Joanisse, M., Gagnon, S., & Voloaca, M. (2012). Overly cautious and dangerous: An empirical evidence of the older

driver stereotypes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 45, 802-810. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.11.002

Joanisse, M., Gagnon, S., & Voloaca, M. (2013). The impact of Stereotype Threat on the simulated driving performance

of older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 530-538. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.032

Jobe, J. B., Smith, D. M., Ball, K., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Willis, S. L., . . . Kleinman, K. (2001). ACTIVE: a cognitive

intervention trial to promote independence in older adults. Control Clin Trials, 22(4), 453-479.

Johansson, K., Bronge, L., Lundberg, C., Persson, A., Seideman, M., & Viitanen, M. (1996). Can a physician recognize an

older driver with increased crash risk potential? J Am Geriatr Soc, 44(10), 1198-1204.

Johnson, C., & Wilkinson, M. (2010). Vision and driving : The United States J Neuroopthalmol., 30(2), 170-176. doi:doi:

10.1097/WNO.0b013e3181df30d4

Johnson, C. A., & Keltner, J. L. (1983). Incidence of visual field loss in 20,000 eyes and its relationship to driving

performance. Arch Ophthalmol, 101(3), 371-375.

Johnson, C. A., & Wilkinson, M. E. (2010). Vision and driving: the United States. J Neuroophthalmol, 30(2), 170-176.

doi:10.1097/WNO.0b013e3181df30d4

Johnson, J. E. (1995). Rural elders and the decision to stop driving. J Community Health Nurs, 12(3), 131-138.

Johnson, J. E. (1998). Nursing assessment of older rural drivers. J Community Health Nurs, 15(4), 217-224.

Johnson, J. E. (1998). Older rural adults and the decision to stop driving: the influence of family and friends. J

Community Health Nurs, 15(4), 205-216.

Johnson, J. E. (2000). Assessment of older urban drivers by nurse practitioners. J Community Health Nurs, 17(2),

107-114.

Jolly, N. (2002). Appropriate vision standards for safe driving: experience of on-road driving assessment. Clin Exp

Ophthalmol, 30(1), 1-2.

Jonas, C. (2015). [Car driving and psychiatry]. Presse Med, 44(10), 1017-1021. doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2015.04.004

Jones, A. W. (1999). The drunkest drinking driver in Sweden: blood alcohol concentration 0.545% w/v. J Stud Alcohol,

60(3), 400-406.

Jones, A. W., & Holmgren, A. (2009). Age and gender differences in blood-alcohol concentration in apprehended

drivers in relation to the amounts of alcohol consumed. Forensic Sci Int, 188(1-3), 40-45.

doi:S0379-0738(09)00125-X [pii]

10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.03.010

Jones, A. W., Kugelberg, F. C., Holmgren, A., & Ahlner, J. (2009). Five-year update on the occurrence of alcohol and

other drugs in blood samples from drivers killed in road-traffic crashes in Sweden. Forensic Sci Int, 186(1-3),

56-62. doi:S0379-0738(09)00041-3 [pii]

10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.01.014

Jones, C., Abbassian, A., Trompeter, A., & Solan, M. (2010). Driving a modified car: A simple but unexploited adjunct in

the management of patients with chronic right sided foot and ankle pain. Foot and Ankle Surgery, 16(4),

170-173. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2009.10.007

Jones, J., Dickerson, A., Flaten, H. K., Belmashkan, S., & Betz, M. E. (2016). Driving Rehabilitation Specialists'

Perspectives on Older Driver Evaluations. Am J Occup Ther, 70(2), 7002270010p7002270011-7002270017.

doi:10.5014/ajot.2016.016915

Jones, J., McCann, J., & Lassere, M. (1991). Driving and arthritis. Rheumatology, 30(5), 361-364.

Jones, K., Rouse-Watson, S., Beveridge, A., Sims, J., & Schattner, P. (2012). Fitness to drive - GP perspectives of

assessing older and functionally impaired patients. Aust Fam Physician, 41(4), 235-239.

Jones, P., & Lucas, K. (2012). The social consequences of transport decision-making: clarifying concepts, synthesising

knowledge and assessing implications. Journal of Transport Geography, 21, 4-16.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.01.012

Jones, R., Giddens, H., & Croft, D. (1983). Assessment and training of brain-damaged drivers. Am J Occup Ther, 37(11),

754-760.

Jones Ross, R. W., Cordazzo, S. T. D., & Scialfa, C. T. (2014). Predicting on-road driving performance and safety in

healthy older adults. J Safety Res, 51, 73-80. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2014.09.005

Jones Ross, R. W., Scialfa, C. T., & Cordazzo, S. T. (2015). Predicting On-Road Driving Performance and Safety in

Cognitively Impaired Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 63(11), 2365-2369. doi:10.1111/jgs.13712

Jones, V. C., Cho, J., Abendschoen-Milani, J., & Gielen, A. (2011). Driving habits and risk exposure in older drivers:

lessons learned from the implementation of a self-regulation curriculum. Traffic Inj Prev, 12(5), 468-474.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2011.586448

Jordan, M., Hofmann, U. K., Grünwald, J., Meyer, M., Sachsenmaier, S., Wülker, N., . . . Ipach, I. (2014). Influence of Left-

and Right-Side Total Hip Arthroplasty on the Ability to Perform an Emergency Stop While Driving a Car.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(9), 1702-1709.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2014.03.009

Jordan, M., Hofmann, U. K., Rondak, I., Gotze, M., Kluba, T., & Ipach, I. (2015). Brake response time is significantly

impaired after total knee arthroplasty: investigation of performing an emergency stop while driving a car. Am

J Phys Med Rehabil, 94(9), 665-676. doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000000342

Jory, W. (2001). Testing night vision for driving. Bmj, 322(7287), 672.

Joseph, C. B. (2013). Physician's Guide to Assessing and Counseling Older Drivers. Second edition. Journal of the

Medical Library Association : JMLA, 101(3), 230-231. doi:10.3163/1536-5050.101.3.017

Jude, E. B., Ryan, B., O'Leary, B. M., Gibson, J. M., & Dodson, P. M. (1998). Pupillary dilatation and driving in diabetic

patients. Diabet Med, 15(2), 143-147.

Jung, W., & Lüderitz, B. (1996). Quality of Life and Driving in Recipients of the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator.

The American Journal of Cardiology, 78(5, Supplement 1), 51-56.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00502-4

Justiss, M. D. (2013). Occupational therapy interventions to promote driving and community mobility for older adults

with low vision: a systematic review. Am J Occup Ther, 67(3), 296-302. doi:10.5014/ajot.2013.005660

Kagan, A., Hashemi, G., & Korner-Bitensky, N. (2010). Diabetes Fitness to Drive: A Systematic Review of the Evidence

with a Focus on Older Drivers. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 34(3), 233-242.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1499-2671(10)43012-9

Kagerer, S., Winter, C., Moller, H. J., & Soyka, M. (2003). Effects of haloperidol and atypical neuroleptics on

psychomotor performance and driving ability in schizophrenic patients. Results from an experimental study.

Neuropsychobiology, 47(4), 212-218. doi:71217

Kageyama, T., Kabuto, M., Nitta, H., Kurokawa, Y., Taira, K., Suzuki, S., & Takemoto, T. (1997). A population study on

risk factors for insomnia among adult Japanese women: a possible effect of road traffic volume. Sleep, 20(11),

963-971.

Kahn, C. A. (2015). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Notes. Results of the 2013-2014 National

Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers. Ann Emerg Med, 66(6), 669.

Kahvedžić, A. (2014). Taxi driver licensing standards - in Ireland and beyond Retrieved from Dublin:

Kahvedžić, A., McFadden, R., Cummins, G., Carr, D., & O’Neill, D. (2015). General practitioner attitudes and practices in

medical fitness to drive in Ireland. Journal of Transport & Health, 2(2), 284-288.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2015.02.005

Kahvedžić, A., McFadden, R., Cummins, G., Carr, D., & O'Neill, D. (2015). Impact of new guidelines and educational

program on awareness of medical fitness to drive among general practitioners in Ireland. Traffic Inj Prev,

16(6), 593 - 598. doi:doi: 10.1080/15389588.2014.979408

Kakaiya, R., Tisovec, R., & Fulkerson, P. (2000). Evaluation of fitness to drive. The physician's role in assessing elderly or

demented patients. Postgrad Med, 107(3), 229-236.

Kaliyaperumal, G., & Shalini, D. (2017). Design of Low Cost Automated Vision Screening Test for Awarding Driving

License. J Clin Diagn Res, 11(1), Nl01. doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/23176.9310

Kamimoto, L. A., Easton, A. N., Maurice, E., Husten, C. G., & Macera, C. A. (1999). Surveillance for five health risks

among older adults--United States, 1993-1997. Mor Mortal Wkly Rep CDC Surveill Summ, 48(8), 89-130.

Kamimura, N., Kakeda, K., Kitamura, Y., Sanada, J., Ikeda, M., & Inoue, S. (2005). [Dementia and driving: present status

of drivers with dementia and response of their family's care in Japan]. No To Shinkei, 57(5), 409-414.

Kantor, B., Mauger, L., Richardson, V. E., & Unroe, K. T. (2004). An analysis of an older driver evaluation program. J Am

Geriatr Soc, 52(8), 1326-1330. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52363.x

Kappelle, L. J. (2003). [Fitness-to-drive in neurological disorders]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd, 147(40), 1948-1952.

Kapust, L. R., & Weintraub, S. (1992). To drive or not to drive: preliminary results from road testing of patients with

dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 5(4), 210-216.

Karimi, M., Hedner, J., Lombardi, C., McNicholas, W. T., Penzel, T., Riha, R. L., . . . Grote, L. (2014). Driving habits and risk

factors for traffic accidents among sleep apnea patients--a European multi-centre cohort study. J Sleep Res,

23(6), 689-699. doi:10.1111/jsr.12171

Karimi, M., Hedner, J., Zou, D., Eskandari, D., Lundquist, A. C., & Grote, L. (2015). Attention deficits detected in

cognitive tests differentiate between sleep apnea patients with or without a motor vehicle accident. Sleep

Med, 16(4), 528-533. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.11.015

Karjalainen, K., Lintonen, T., Impinen, A., Lillsunde, P., Makela, P., Rahkonen, O., . . . Ostamo, A. (2011). Socio-economic

determinants of drugged driving--a register-based study. Addiction, 106(8), 1448-1459.

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03422.x

Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, D. G. A., Riemersma, J. B. J., Binnie, C. D., Smit, A. M., & Meinardi, H. (1987). The influence of

subclinical epileptiform EEG discharges on driving behaviour. Electroencephalography and Clinical

Neurophysiology, 67(2), 167-170. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(87)90040-X

Kastrup, M., Dupont, A., Bille, M., & Lund, H. (1977). Traffic accidents involving psychiatric patients. Description of the

material and general results. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 55(5), 355-368.

Kastrup, M., Dupont, A., Bille, M., & Lund, H. (1978). Traffic accidents involving psychiatric patients. Characteristics of

accidents involving drivers who have been admitted to Danish psychiatric departments. Acta Psychiatr Scand,

58(1), 30-39.

Kaszniak, A. W., Keyl, P. M., & Albert, M. S. (1991). Dementia and the older driver. Hum Factors, 33(5), 527-537.

doi:10.1177/001872089103300505

Katz, R. T., Golden, R. S., Butter, J., Tepper, D., Rothke, S., Holmes, J., & Sahgal, V. (1990). Driving safety after brain

damage: follow-up of twenty-two patients with matched controls. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 71(2), 133-137.

Kaufman, E. J., & Wiebe, D. J. (2016). Impact of State Ignition Interlock Laws on Alcohol-Involved Crash Deaths in the

United States. Am J Public Health, 106(5), 865-871. doi:10.2105/ajph.2016.303058

Kavanagh, T., Matosevic, V., Thacker, L., Belliard, R., & Shephard, R. J. (1998). On-site evaluation of bus drivers with

coronary heart disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil, 18(3), 209-215.

Kay, L., Bundy, A., Clemson, L., & Jolly, N. (2008). Validity and reliability of the on-road driving assessment with senior

drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 40(2), 751-759. doi:S0001-4575(07)00165-0 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2007.09.012 [doi]

Kay, L. G., Bundy, A., & Clemson, L. (2009). Validity, reliability and predictive accuracy of the Driving Awareness

Questionnaire. Disabil Rehabil, 31(13), 1074-1082. doi:909460939 [pii]

10.1080/09638280802509553

Kay, L. G., Bundy, A. C., & Clemson, L. (2009). Awareness of driving ability in senior drivers with neurological

conditions. Am J Occup Ther, 63(2), 146-150.

Kay, L. G., Bundy, A. C., Clemson, L., Cheal, B., & Glendenning, T. (2012). Contribution of off-road tests to predicting

on-road performance: A critical review of tests. Aust Occup Ther J, 59(1), 89-97.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1630.2011.00989.x

Kay, L. G., Bundy, A. C., & Clemson, L. M. (2008). Predicting fitness to drive using the visual recognition slide test

(USyd). Am J Occup Ther, 62(2), 187-197.

Kay, L. G., Bundy, A. C., & Clemson, L. M. (2009). Predicting Fitness to Drive in People With Cognitive Impairments by

Using DriveSafe and DriveAware. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 90(9), 1514-1522.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2009.03.011

Keall, M. D., & Frith, W. J. (2004). Association between older driver characteristics, on-road driving test performance,

and crash liability. Traffic Inj Prev, 5(2), 112-116. doi:10.1080/15389580490435006

Keall, M. D., & Frith, W. J. (2004). Older driver crash rates in relation to type and quantity of travel. Traffic Inj Prev, 5(1),

26-36.

Keall, M. D., & Woodbury, E. (2014). An analysis of changes in mobility and safety of older drivers associated with a

specific older driver on-road licensing test: a population study. BMC Public Health, 14, 165.

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-165

Keay, L., Munoz, B., Turano, K. A., Hassan, S. E., Munro, C. A., Duncan, D. D., . . . West, S. K. (2009). Visual and cognitive

deficits predict stopping or restricting driving: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Driving Study (SEEDS). Invest

Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 50(1), 107-113. doi:iovs.08-2367 [pii]

10.1167/iovs.08-2367

Keeffe, J. E., Jin, C. F., Weih, L. M., McCarty, C. A., & Taylor, H. R. (2002). Vision impairment and older drivers: who's

driving? Br J Ophthalmol, 86(10), 1118-1121.

Kelleher, D. K. (1976). Driving with low vision, from the patient's perspective. Am J Optom Physiol Opt, 53(8), 440-441.

Keller, M., Kesselring, J., & Hiltbrunner, B. (2003). Fitness to drive with neurological disabilities. Neurorehabil Neural

Repair, 17(3), 168-175.

Kelly, R., Warke, T., & Steele, I. (1999). Medical restrictions to driving: the awareness of patients and doctors. Postgrad

Med J, 75(887), 537-539.

Keltner, J. L., & Johnson, C. A. (1980). Mass visual field screening in a driving population. Ophthalmology, 87(8),

785-792.

Keltner, J. L., & Johnson, C. A. (1987). Visual Function, Driving Safety, and the Elderly. Ophthalmology, 94(9),

1180-1188. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-6420(87)33309-3

Kent, R., Funk, J., & Crandall, J. (2003). How future trends in societal aging, air bag availability, seat belt use, and fleet

composition will affect serious injury risk and occurrence in the United States. Traffic Inj Prev, 4(1), 24-32.

Kern, J. C., Schmelter, W. R., & Paul, S. R. (1977). Drinking drivers who complete and drop out of an alcohol education

program. J Stud Alcohol, 38(1), 89-95.

Kerr, D., & Olateju, T. (2010). Driving with diabetes in the future: In-vehicle medical monitoring. J Diabetes Sci Technol,

4. doi:10.1177/193229681000400228

Keskinen, E. (2014). Education for older drivers in the future. IATSS Research, 38(1), 14-21.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2014.03.003

Keskinen, E., Ota, H., & Katila, A. (1998). Older drivers fail in intersections: speed discrepancies between older and

younger male drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 30(3), 323-330.

Khazaie, H., Ghadami, M. R., & Masoudi, M. (2016). The importance of obstructive sleep apnea screening in driving

license application procedures. J Inj Violence Res, 8(2), 65-66. doi:10.5249/jivr.v8i2.864

Kidd, P., & Huddleston, S. (1994). Psychometric properties of the Driving Practices Questionnaire: assessment of risky

driving. Res Nurs Health, 17(1), 51-58.

Kidd, P. S., & Holton, C. (1993). Driving practices, risk-taking motivations, and alcohol use among adolescent drivers: a

pilot study. J Emerg Nurs, 19(4), 292-296.

Kiel, A. W., Butler, T., & Alwitry, A. (2003). Visual acuity and legal visual requirement to drive a passenger vehicle. Eye,

17(5), 579-582.

Kim, H., & Richardson, V. E. (2006). Driving cessation and consumption expenses in the later years. J Gerontol B

Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 61(6), S347-353.

Kim, Y. J., An, H., Kim, B., Park, Y. S., & Kim, K. W. (2017). An International Comparative Study on Driving Regulations

on People with Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis, 56(3), 1007-1014. doi:10.3233/jad-160762

Kimlin, J. A., Black, A. A., Djaja, N., & Wood, J. M. (2016). Development and validation of a vision and night driving

questionnaire. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 36(4), 465-476. doi:10.1111/opo.12307

Kimlin, J. A., Black, A. A., & Wood, J. M. (2017). Nighttime Driving in Older Adults: Effects of Glare and Association With

Mesopic Visual Function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 58(5), 2796-2803. doi:10.1167/iovs.16-21219

King, D., Benbow, S. J., & Barrett, J. A. (1992). The law and medical fitness to drive--a study of doctors' knowledge.

Postgrad Med J, 68(802), 624-628.

Kingery, K. M., Narad, M., Garner, A. A., Antonini, T. N., Tamm, L., & Epstein, J. N. (2015). Extended Visual Glances Away

from the Roadway are Associated with ADHD- and Texting-Related Driving Performance Deficits in

Adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol, 43(6), 1175-1186. doi:10.1007/s10802-014-9954-x

Kington, R., Reuben, D., Rogowski, J., & Lillard, L. (1994). Sociodemographic and health factors in driving patterns after

50 years of age. Am J Public Health, 84(8), 1327-1329.

Kircheis, G., Knoche, A., Hilger, N., Manhart, F., Schnitzler, A., Schulze, H., & Häussinger, D. (2009). Hepatic

Encephalopathy and Fitness to Drive. Gastroenterology, 137(5), 1706-1715.e1709.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2009.08.003

Kirsch, B., Birngruber, C. G., & Dettmeyer, R. (2017). Senior driving under the influence: A five-year retrospective study

of alcoholized road-users aged 70 and over. Forensic Sci Int, 277, 10-15.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.05.002

Klavora, P., Gaskovski, P., Martin, K., Forsyth, R. D., Heslegrave, R. J., Young, M., & Quinn, R. P. (1995). The effects of

Dynavision rehabilitation on behind-the-wheel driving ability and selected psychomotor abilities of persons

after stroke. Am J Occup Ther, 49(6), 534-542.

Klavora, P., Heslegrave, R. J., & Young, M. (2000). Driving skills in elderly persons with stroke: Comparison of two new

assessment options. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 81(6), 701-705.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(00)90096-0

Klein, H. H. (2012). [Fitness to drive in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillator]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr,

137(39), 1927-1930. doi:10.1055/s-0032-1305251

Klemenjak, W., Braun, E., Alvarex, J., Bernhoft, I., & Fjerdingen, L. (2005). IMMORTAL: Final Programme Report.

Retrieved from Brussels:

Klimkeit, E. I., Bradshaw, J. L., Charlton, J., Stolwyk, R., & Georgiou-Karistianis, N. (2009). Driving ability in Parkinson's

disease: current status of research. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 33(3), 223-231.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.08.005

Kline, D. W., Buck, K., Sell, Y., Bolan, T. L., & Dewar, R. E. (1999). Older observers' tolerance of optical blur: age

differences in the identification of defocused text signs. Hum Factors, 41(3), 356-364.

Kline, D. W., Kline, T. J., Fozard, J. L., Kosnik, W., Schieber, F., & Sekuler, R. (1992). Vision, aging, and driving: the

problems of older drivers. J Gerontol, 47(1), P27-34.

Knopman, D. S., DeKosky, S. T., Cummings, J. L., Chui, H., Corey-Bloom, J., Relkin, N., . . . Stevens, J. C. (2001). Practice

parameter: Diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review) - Report of the Quality Standards

Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 56(9), 1143-1153.

Koh, D., Guanco-Chua, S., & Ong, C. N. (1988). A study of the mortality patterns of taxi drivers in Singapore. Ann Acad

Med Singapore, 17(4), 579-582.

Kohlhaas, M. (1966). [Right and obligation of the physician to report patients incapacitated to drive automobiles].

Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 91(1), 41-43.

Kohn, C., Saleheen, H., Borrup, K., Rogers, S., & Lapidus, G. (2014). Correlates of drug use and driving among

undergraduate college students. Traffic Inj Prev, 15(2), 119-124. doi:10.1080/15389588.2013.803221

Koisaari, T., Michelsson, K., Holopainen, J. M., Maksimainen, R., Paivansalo, J., Rantala, K., & Tervo, T. (2015). Traffic and

Criminal Behavior of Adults with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity with a Prospective Follow-Up from Birth to

the Age of 40 Years. Traffic Inj Prev, 16(8), 824-830. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1029068

Kondrat'ev, V. D., & Lisin, V. V. (2000). [Organizational and legal problems of medical care of traffic safety]. Probl

Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med(6), 36-37.

Koppel, S., Bohensky, M., Langford, J., & Taranto, D. (2011). Older drivers, crashes and injuries. Traffic Inj Prev, 12(5),

459-467. doi:10.1080/15389588.2011.580802

Koppel, S., Charlton, J. L., Richter, N., Di Stefano, M., Macdonald, W., Darzins, P., . . . Marshall, S. (2017). Are older

drivers’ on-road driving error rates related to functional performance and/or self-reported driving

experiences? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 103, 1-9. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.03.006

Koppel, S., Kuo, J., Berecki-Gisolf, J., Boag, R., Hue, Y. X., & Charlton, J. L. (2015). Examining physiological responses

across different driving maneuvers during an on-road driving task: a pilot study comparing older and

younger drivers. Traffic Inj Prev, 16, 225-233. doi:10.1080/15389588.2014.933478

Korner-Bitensky, N., Bitensky, J., Sofer, S., Man-Son-Hing, M., & Gelinas, I. (2006). Driving evaluation practices of

clinicians working in the United States and Canada. Am J Occup Ther, 60(4), 428-434.

Korner-Bitensky, N., Kua, A., von Zweck, C., & Van Benthem, K. (2009). Older driver retraining: an updated systematic

review of evidence of effectiveness. J Safety Res, 40(2), 105-111. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2009.02.002

Korner-Bitensky, N., Menon, A., von Zweck, C., & Van Benthem, K. (2010). Occupational therapists' capacity-building

needs related to older driver screening, assessment, and intervention: a Canadawide survey. Am J Occup

Ther, 64(2), 316-324.

Korner-Bitensky, N., Sofer, S., Kaizer, F., Gelinas, I., & Talbot, L. (1994). Assessing ability to drive following an acute

neurological event: are we on the right road? Can J Occup Ther, 61(3), 141-148.

Korner-Bitensky, N. A., Mazer, B. L., Sofer, S., Gelina, I., Meyer, M. B., Morrison, C., . . . White, M. (2000). Visual testing

for readiness to drive after stroke: a multicenter study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 79(3), 253-259.

Korteling, J. E. (1990). Perception-response speed and driving capabilities of brain-damaged and older drivers. Hum

Factors, 32(1), 95-108.

Korteling, J. E. (1994). Effects of aging, skill modification, and demand alternation on multiple-task performance. Hum

Factors, 36(1), 27-43.

Korteling, J. E., & Kaptein, N. A. (1996). Neuropsychological driving fitness tests for brain-damaged subjects. Archives

of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 77(2), 138-146. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90158-6

Kosnik, W. D., Sekuler, R., & Kline, D. W. (1990). Self-reported visual problems of older drivers. Hum Factors, 32(5),

597-608.

Kostyniuk, L., Shope, J., & Trombley, D. (1998). The process of reduction

and cessation of driving among older drivers: A review of the

literature (HS-042 864 ,Interim Report). Retrieved from Ann Arbor:

Kostyniuk, L. P., & Shope, J. T. (2003). Driving and alternatives: Older drivers in Michigan. Journal of Safety Research

Senior Transportation Safety and Mobility, 34(4), 407-414.

Kou, W. H., Calkins, H., Lewis, R. R., Bolling, S. F., Kirsch, M. M., Langberg, J. J., . . . Morady, F. (1991). Incidence of loss of

consciousness during automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks. Ann Intern Med, 115(12),

942-945.

Kowalski, K., Jeznach, A., & Tuokko, H. A. (2014). Stages of driving behavior change within the Transtheoretical Model

(TM). J Safety Res, 50, 17-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2014.01.002

Krantz, P., & Wannerberg, O. (1981). Occurrence of barbiturate, benzodiazepine, meprobamate, methaqualone and

phenothiazine in car occupants killed in traffic accidents in the south of Sweden. Forensic Sci Int, 18(2),

141-147.

Krauss, G. L., Krumholz, A., Carter, R. C., Li, G., & Kaplan, P. (1999). Risk factors for seizure-related motor vehicle crashes

in patients with epilepsy [see comments]. Neurology, 52(7), 1324-1329.

Kress, H. G., & Kraft, B. (2005). Opioid medication and driving ability. European Journal of Pain, 9(2), 141-144.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.05.010

Krishnan, V., & Patil, S. P. (2013). Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Transportation: Medicolegal Issues. Sleep Medicine

Clinics, 8(4), 591-605. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2013.07.014

Krishnasamy, C., & Unsworth, C. A. (2011). Normative data, preliminary inter-rater reliability and predictive validity of

the Drive Home Maze Test. Clin Rehabil, 25(1), 88-95. doi:0269215510382846 [pii]

10.1177/0269215510382846

Krone, J. T., Dawson, J. D., Anderson, S. W., Aksan, N. S., Tippin, J., & Rizzo, M. (2013). Using feedback from naturalistic

driving to improve treatment adherence in driver with obstructive sleep apnea Proc Int Driv Symp Hum

Factors Driv Assess Train Veh Des, 43-49.

Kruger, H. P., & Vollrath, M. (2004). The alcohol-related accident risk in Germany: procedure, methods and results.

Accid Anal Prev, 36(1), 125-133.

Krupke, H. J., & Prinz, H. J. (1974). [Medical and legal problems in pacemaker carriers concerning fitness for

automobile driving]. Med Welt, 25(14), 583-587.

Kryworuk, P. W., & Nickle, S. E. (2004). Mandatory physician reporting of drivers with medical conditions: legal

considerations. Can J Cardiol, 20(13), 1324-1328.

Kua, A., Korner-Bitensky, N., Desrosiers, J., Man-Son-Hing, M., & Marshall, S. (2007). Older driver retraining: a

systematic review of evidence of effectiveness. J Safety Res, 38(1), 81-90. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2007.01.002

Kubler, T. C., Kasneci, E., Rosenstiel, W., Heister, M., Aehling, K., Nagel, K., . . . Papageorgiou, E. (2015). Driving with

Glaucoma: Task Performance and Gaze Movements. Optom Vis Sci, 92(11), 1037-1046.

doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000702

Kübler, T. C., Kasneci, E., Rosenstiel, W., Schiefer, U., Nagel, K., & Papageorgiou, E. (2014). Stress-indicators and

exploratory gaze for the analysis of hazard perception in patients with visual field loss. Transportation

Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 24, 231-243. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2014.04.016

Kugler, J., Hiedl, A., & Spatz, R. (1991). Sleep deprivation, epilepsy and the ability to operate a motor vehicle. Epilepsy

Res Suppl, 2, 261-264.

Kujansuu, A., Rautiainen, S., Hakko, H., Kanamüller, J., Sihvola, N., & Riipinen, P. (2017). Drivers' psychiatric disorders

and fatal motor vehicle accidents in Finland. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 84, 227-236.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.10.010

Kullkov, E. (2010). The Social and Policy Predictors of Driving Mobility Among Older Adults. J Aging & Social Policy,

23(1), 1-18.

Kumar, R., Powell, B., Tani, N., Naliboff, B., & Metter, E. J. (1991). Perceptual dysfunction in hemiplegia and automobile

driving. Gerontologist, 31(6), 807-810.

Kuo, J., Koppel, S., Charlton, J. L., & Rudin-Brown, C. M. (2015). Evaluation of a video-based measure of driver heart

rate. J Safety Res, 54, 55-59. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2015.06.009

Kurt, A., Oktem, C., Karabicak Acer, A., Kocamis, O., & Tasdemir, S. (2016). Necessity of Periodic Ophthalmological

Examinations in Binocular B Class Driving Licence Holders Over 50 Years of Age. Turk J Ophthalmol, 46(2),

73-76. doi:10.4274/tjo.76258

Kurthen, M. (2015). [Epilepsy And Driving Ability: The New Guideline]. Praxis (Bern 1994), 104(22), 1187-1193.

Kwon, M., Huisingh, C., Rhodes, L. A., McGwin, G., Jr., Wood, J. M., & Owsley, C. (2016). Association between Glaucoma

and At-fault Motor Vehicle Collision Involvement among Older Drivers: A Population-based Study.

Ophthalmology, 123(1), 109-116. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.08.043

Kypri, K., & Stephenson, S. (2005). Drink-driving and perceptions of legally permissible alcohol use. Traffic Inj Prev,

6(3), 219-224. doi:10.1080/15389580590969120

Laberge-Nadeau, C., Dionne, G., Ekoe, J. M., Hamet, P., Desjardins, D., Messier, S., & Maag, U. (2000). Impact of

diabetes on crash risks of truck-permit holders and commercial drivers. Diabetes Care, 23(5), 612-617.

Lachenmayer, L. (2000). Parkinson's disease and the ability to drive. J Neurol, 247 Suppl 4, IV/28-30.

Lachenmayr, B. (2013). [Recommendations for assessment of twilight vision and glare sensitivity for safe driving].

Ophthalmologe, 110(12), 1160-1162. doi:10.1007/s00347-013-2997-5

Lacherez, P., Turner, L., Lester, R., Burns, Z., & Wood, J. M. (2014). Age-related changes in perception of movement in

driving scenes. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 34(4), 445-451. doi:10.1111/opo.12140

Lacherez, P., Wood, J. M., Anstey, K. J., & Lord, S. R. (2014). Sensorimotor and postural control factors associated with

driving safety in a community-dwelling older driver population. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 69(2), 240-244.

doi:10.1093/gerona/glt173

Lafont, S., Amoros, E., Gadegbeku, B., Chiron, M., & Laumon, B. (2008). The impact of driver age on lost life years for

other road users in France: A population based study of crash-involved road users. Accid Anal Prev, 40(1),

289-294. doi:S0001-4575(07)00106-6 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2007.05.010 [doi]

Lafont, S., Laumon, B., Helmer, C., Dartigues, J. F., & Fabrigoule, C. (2008). Driving Cessation and Self-Reported Car

Crashes in Older Drivers: The Impact of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in a Population-Based Study. J

Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. doi:0891988708316861 [pii]

10.1177/0891988708316861 [doi]

Lafont, S., Laumon, B., Helmer, C., Dartigues, J.-F., & Fabrigoule, C. (2008). Driving cessation and self-reported car

crashes in older drivers: the impact of cognitive impairment and dementia in a population-based study.

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 21(3), 171-182.

Laliberte Rudman, D., Friedland, J., Chipman, M., & Sciortino, P. (2006). Holding On and Letting Go: The Perspectives

of Pre-seniors and Seniors on Driving Self-Regulation in Later Life. Can J Aging, 25(1), 65-76.

Lalkhen, A. G., & McCluskey, A. (2008). Clinical tests: sensitivity and specificity. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia

Critical Care & Pain, 8(6), 221-223. doi:10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkn041

Lam, L. T., Norton, R., Connor, J., & Ameratunga, S. (2005). Suicidal ideation, antidepressive medication and car crash

injury. Accid Anal Prev, 37(2), 335-339. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2004.10.004

Lam, Y. S., Man, D. W., Tam, S. F., & Weiss, P. L. (2006). Virtual reality training for stroke rehabilitation.

NeuroRehabilitation, 21(3), 245-253.

Lambert, L. D., & Fleury, M. (1994). Age, cognitive style, and traffic signs. Percept Mot Skills, 78(2), 611-624.

Lamport, D. J., Lawton, C. L., Merat, N., Jamson, H., Myrissa, K., Hofman, D., . . . Dye, L. (2016). Concord grape juice,

cognitive function, and driving performance: a 12-wk, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial in

mothers of preteen children. Am J Clin Nutr, 103(3), 775-783. doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.114553

Landauer, A. A., Laurie, W., & Milner, G. (1973). The effect of benzoctamine and alcohol on motor-skills used in car

driving. Forensic Science, 2, 275-283. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9432(73)90042-3

Landgren, F. (2011). Fitness to drive forms - a guide for GPs. Aust Fam Physician, 40(11), 930-932.

Lane, A., Green, E., Dickerson, A. E., Davis, E. S., Rolland, B., & Stohler, J. T. (2014). Driver rehabilitation programs:

defining program models, services, and expertise. Occup Ther Health Care, 28(2), 177-187.

doi:10.3109/07380577.2014.903582

Lang, B., Parkes, A., & Fernandes Medina, K. (2013 ). Driving choices for the older motorist: The role of self-assessment

tools. Retrieved from UK:

http://www.racfoundation.org/assets/rac_foundation/content/downloadables/driving_choices_for_the_older_

motorist_lang_parkes_and_fernandez_medina_0213.pdf

Langan, C. (2009). Psychiatric illness and driving: Irish psychiatrists' documentation practices. Irish Journal of

Psychological Medicine, 26(1), 16-19. doi:10.1017/S0790966700000069

Langens, F. N., Bakker, H., & Erkelens, D. W. (1992). [Diabetic patients: no danger on the road]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd,

136(35), 1712-1716.

Langford, J. (2008). Usefulness of off-road screening tests to licensing authorities when assessing older driver fitness

to drive. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 328-335. doi:10.1080/15389580801895178

Langford, J., Baritman, K., Charlton, J., Everhard, J., O'Neill, D., Staplin, L., & Stutts, J. (2008). TRB Workshop 2007:

Licensing authorities' options for managing older driver safety - practical advice from researchers. Traffic Inj

Prev, 9(4), 278-281. doi:DOI: 10.1080/15389580801895210

Langford, J., Bohensky, M., Koppel, S., & Newstead, S. (2008). Do age-based mandatory assessments reduce older

drivers' risk to other road users? Accid Anal Prev, 40(6), 1913-1918. doi:S0001-4575(08)00144-9 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2008.08.010

Langford, J., Bohensky, M., Koppel, S., & Newstead, S. (2008). Do older drivers pose a risk to other road users? Traffic

Inj Prev, 9(3), 181-189. doi:793658275 [pii]

10.1080/15389580801975632 [doi]

Langford, J., Braitman, K., Charlton, J., Eberhard, J., O'Neill, D., Staplin, L., & Stutts, J. (2008). TRB Workshop 2007:

Licensing authorities' options for managing older driver safety--practical advice from the researchers. Traffic

Inj Prev, 9(4), 278-281. doi:10.1080/15389580801895210

Langford, J., Charlton, J., & Bohensky, M. (2009). Can off-road screening tests assess older drivers' fitness to drive? Paper

presented at the Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference, Sydney: NSW.

https://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=1149871

Langford, J., Charlton, J. L., Koppel, S., Myers, A., Tuokko, H., Marshall, S., . . . Macdonald, W. (2013). Findings from the

Candrive/Ozcandrive study: Low mileage older drivers, crash risk and reduced fitness to drive. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 61, 304-310. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.006

Langford, J., Fitzharris, M., Koppel, S., & Newstead, S. (2004). Effectiveness of mandatory license testing for older

drivers in reducing crash risk among urban older Australian drivers. Traffic Inj Prev, 5(4), 326-335.

doi:10.1080/15389580490509464

Langford, J., Fitzharris, M., Newstead, S., & Koppel, S. (2004). Some consequences of different older driver licensing

procedures in Australia. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 36(6), 993-1001.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2003.11.003

Langford, J., & Koppel, S. (2006). The case for and against mandatory age-based assessment of older drivers.

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 9(5), 353-362.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2006.06.009

Langford, J., & Koppel, S. (2006). Epidemiology of older driver crashes – Identifying older driver risk factors and

exposure patterns. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 9(5), 309-321.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2006.03.005

Langford, J., & Koppel, S. (2011). Licence restrictions as an under-used strategy in managing older driver safety.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43(1), 487-493. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.09.005

Langford, J., Koppel, S., Andrea, D., & Fildes, B. (2006). Determining older driver crash responsibility from police and

insurance data. Traffic Inj Prev, 7(4), 343-351. doi:10.1080/15389580600840706

Langford, J., Koppel, S., Charlton, J., Fildes, B., & Newstead, S. (2006). A RE-ASSESSMENT OF OLDER DRIVERS AS A

ROAD SAFETY RISK. IATSS Research, 30(1), 27-37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0386-1112(14)60153-9

Langford, J., Koppel, S., McCarthy, D., & Srinivasan, S. (2008). In defence of the ‘low-mileage bias’. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 40(6), 1996-1999.

Langford, J., Methorst, R., & Hakamies-Blomqvist, L. (2006). Older drivers do not have a high crash risk--a replication

of low mileage bias. Accid Anal Prev, 38(3), 574-578.

Langford, J., & Oxley, J. (2006). Using the safe system approach to keep older drivers safely mobile IATSS Research,

30(2), 97-109. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0386-1112(14)60174-6

Lapham, S. C., Skipper, B. J., & Simpson, G. L. (1997). A prospective study of the utility of standardized instruments in

predicting recidivism among first DWI offenders. J Stud Alcohol, 58(5), 524-530.

Lapham, S. C., Smith, E., C'De Baca, J., Chang, I., Skipper, B. J., Baum, G., & Hunt, W. C. (2001). Prevalence of psychiatric

disorders among persons convicted of driving while impaired. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 58(10), 943-949.

Latham, K., Katsou, M. F., & Rae, S. (2015). Advising patients on visual fitness to drive: implications of revised DVLA

regulations. Br J Ophthalmol, 99(4), 545-548. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-306173

Latham, K., & Rae, S. (2015). Visual acuity standards for driving. Optometry in Practice, 16(4), 123-130.

Lau, G. (1996). Natural disease and alcohol intoxication amongst drivers of motor vehicles in Singapore from 1989 to

1993: a study of 140 necropsies. Ann Acad Med Singapore, 25(4), 516-521.

Laude, J. R., & Fillmore, M. T. (2015). Simulated driving performance under alcohol: Effects on driver-risk versus

driver-skill. Drug Alcohol Depend, 154, 271-277. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.012

Laude, J. R., & Fillmore, M. T. (2016). Drivers who self-estimate lower blood alcohol concentrations are riskier drivers

after drinking. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 233(8), 1387-1394. doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4233-x

Laurell, H., & Tornros, J. (1986). The carry-over effects of triazolam compared with nitrazepam and placebo in acute

emergency driving situations and in monotonous simulated driving. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh), 58(3),

182-186.

Laux, G., & Brunnauer, A. (2014). [Driving ability with affective disorders and under psychotropic drugs]. Nervenarzt,

85(7), 822-828. doi:10.1007/s00115-013-3994-2

Lavalliere, M., Laurendeau, D., Simoneau, M., & Teasdale, N. (2011). Changing lanes in a simulator: effects of aging on

the control of the vehicle and visual inspection of mirrors and blind spot. Traffic Inj Prev, 12(2), 191-200.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2010.548426

Lawton, C., Cook, S., May, A., Clemo, K., & Brown, S. (2008). Postural support strategies of disabled drivers and the

effectiveness of postural support aids. Appl Ergon, 39(1), 47-55. doi:S0003-6870(07)00030-0 [pii]

10.1016/j.apergo.2007.03.005 [doi]

Ledingham, D. (1999). Drugs and driving: a retrospective study of the analyses of blood and urine specimens

submitted to the Lothian and Borders Police Forensic Laboratory. Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine, 6(3),

133-140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-1131(99)90059-7

Lee, A. G., & Coleman, A. L. (2004). Research agenda-setting program for geriatric ophthalmology. J Am Geriatr Soc,

52(3), 453-458.

Lee, H. C., Cameron, D., & Lee, A. H. (2003). Assessing the driving performance of older adult drivers: on-road versus

simulated driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35(5), 797-803.

Lee, H. C., Lee, A. H., & Cameron, D. (2003). Validation of a driving simulator by measuring the visual attention skill of

older adult drivers. Am J Occup Ther, 57(3), 324-328.

Lee, M. L., Howard, M. E., Horrey, W. J., Liang, Y., Anderson, C., Shreeve, M. S., . . . Czeisler, C. A. (2016). High risk of

near-crash driving events following night-shift work. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 113(1), 176-181.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1510383112

Lee, N., Tracy, J., Bohannon, R. W., & Ahlquist, M. (2003). Driving resumption and its predictors after stroke. Conn Med,

67(7), 387-391.

Lee, S. S., Black, A. A., Lacherez, P., & Wood, J. M. (2016). Eye Movements and Road Hazard Detection: Effects of Blur

and Distractors. Optom Vis Sci, 93(9), 1137-1146. doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000903

Lee, S. S., Black, A. A., & Wood, J. M. (2017). Effect of glaucoma on eye movement patterns and laboratory-based

hazard detection ability. PLoS One, 12(6), e0178876. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0178876

Lee, S. S., Wood, J. M., & Black, A. A. (2015). Blur, eye movements and performance on a driving visual recognition

slide test. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 35(5), 522-529. doi:10.1111/opo.12230

Lee, Y., & Lee, M. (2008). Implementation of safety driving system using e-health and telematics technology. Telemed J

E Health, 14(6), 598-605. doi:10.1089/tmj.2007.0083

Lees, M. N., Cosman, J., Lee, J. D., Vecera, S. P., Dawson, J. D., & Rizzo, M. (2011). Cross-modal warnings for orienting

attention in older drivers with and without attention impairments. Appl Ergon.

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2011.11.012

Lefrancois, R., & D'Amours, M. (1997). Exposure and risk factors among elderly drivers: a case-control study. Accid

Anal Prev, 29(3), 267-275.

Leger, D., & Ement, P. (2015). [Sleepiness and accidental risk]. Presse Med, 44(10), 1022-1028.

doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2015.04.002

Legh-Smith, J., Wade, D. T., & Hewer, R. L. (1986). Driving after a stroke. J R Soc Med, 79(4), 200-203.

Leinberger, R. L., Janz, N. K., Musch, D. C., Niziol, L. M., & Gillespie, B. W. (2013). Discussing driving concerns with older

patients: I. vision care providers' attitudes and behaviors. JAMA Ophthalmol, 131(2), 205-212.

doi:10.1001/2013.jamaophthalmol.124

Lenné, M. G., Dietze, P., Rumbold, G. R., Redman, J. R., & Triggs, T. J. (2003). The effects of the opioid

pharmacotherapies methadone, LAAM and buprenorphine, alone and in combination with alcohol, on

simulated driving. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 72(3), 271-278.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.08.002

Leon-Carrion, J., Dominguez-Morales, M. R., & Martin, J. M. (2005). Driving with cognitive deficits: neurorehabilitation

and legal measures are needed for driving again after severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj, 19(3), 213-219.

Leporati, M., Salvo, R. A., Pirro, V., & Salomone, A. (2015). Driving under the influence of alcohol. A 5-year overview in

Piedmont, Italy. J Forensic Leg Med, 34, 104-108. doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2015.05.017

Leproust, S., Lagarde, E., & Salmi, L. R. (2008). Systematic screening for unsafe driving due to medical conditions: still

debatable. BMC Public Health, 8, 27. doi:1471-2458-8-27 [pii]

10.1186/1471-2458-8-27 [doi]

Lerecouvreux, M., Ait Said, M., Paziaud, O., Perrier, E., Carlioz, R., Lavergne, T., . . . Le Heuzey, J. Y. (2005). [Automobile

driving and implantable defibrillators]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss, 98(4), 288-293.

Lerner, N. (1994). Giving the older driver enough perception-reaction time. Exp Aging Res, 20(1), 25-33.

doi:10.1080/03610739408253951

Lertzman, M., & Kryger, M. (1995). Fitness to drive in the elderly. The Lancet, 345(8941), 64.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91188-X

Lesikar, S. E., Gallo, J. J., Rebok, G. W., & Keyl, P. M. (2002). Prospective study of brief neuropsychological measures to

assess crash risk in older primary care patients. J Am Board Fam Pract, 15(1), 11-19.

Letts, L., Dawson, D., Bretholz, I., Kaiserman-Goldenstein, E., Gleason, J., McLellan, E., . . . Roth, C. (2007). Reliability and

validity of the power-mobility community driving assessment. Assist Technol, 19(3), 154-163; quiz 127.

Leufkens, T. R., & Vermeeren, A. (2009). Highway driving in the elderly the morning after bedtime use of hypnotics: a

comparison between temazepam 20 mg, zopiclone 7.5 mg, and placebo. J Clin Psychopharmacol, 29(5),

432-438. doi:10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181b57b43

Leve, V., Ilse, K., Ufert, M., Wilm, S., & Pentzek, M. (2017). [Driving and dementia : An issue for general practice?!]. Z

Gerontol Geriatr, 50(Suppl 2), 55-62. doi:10.1007/s00391-017-1234-2

Levecq, L., De Potter, P., & Jamart, J. (2013). Visual acuity and factors influencing automobile driving status in 1,000

patients age 60 and older. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 251(3), 881-887.

doi:10.1007/s00417-012-2146-x

Levine, J., & Greenwald, B. D. (2009). Fatigue in Parkinson Disease, Stroke, and Traumatic Brain Injury. Physical

Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 20(2), 347-361.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2008.12.006

Levy, D. T. (1995). The relationship of age and state license renewal policies to driving licensure rates. Accid Anal Prev,

27(4), 461-467.

Levy, D. T., Vernick, J. S., & Howard, K. A. (1995). Relationship between driver's license renewal policies and fatal

crashes involving drivers 70 years or older [see comments]. Jama, 274(13), 1026-1030.

Lewrenz, H. (1979). [The mental patient as motorist. When is unfitness to drive involved? (author's transl)]. MMW

Munch Med Wochenschr, 121(41), 1317-1321.

Li, F. Z., Li, C. J., Zhan, C. L., Long, Y. F., Wang, H. M., & Su, B. J. (2004). [Human factors of drivers and traffic accidents].

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi, 22(2), 112-114.

Li, G., Braver, E. R., & Chen, L. H. (2003). Fragility versus excessive crash involvement as determinants of high death

rates per vehicle-mile of travel among older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 35(2), 227-235.

Li, G., & Chung, W. Y. (2015). A Context-Aware EEG Headset System for Early Detection of Driver Drowsiness. Sensors

(Basel), 15(8), 20873-20893. doi:10.3390/s150820873

Li, H., Weitzel, M., Easley, A., Barrington, W., & Windle, J. (2000). Potential risk of vasovagal syncope for motor vehicle

driving. Am J Cardiol, 85(2), 184-186.

Li, Y. M., Huang, P. S., & Pai, L. (1999). Blood alcohol concentration among injured drivers in Hualien County. Kao

Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih, 15(10), 617-624.

Li, Z., Jin, X., & Zhao, X. (2015). Drunk driving detection based on classification of multivariate time series. J Safety Res,

54, 61-64. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2015.06.007

Liddle, J., McKenna, K., & Broome, K. (2004). Older Road Users: From Driving Cessation to Safe Transportation.

Retrieved from Canberra: http://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/2004/pdf/Older_driv_2.pdf

Liebensteiner, M. C., Braito, M., Giesinger, J. M., Fuchs, A., Putzer, D., Schuh, R., . . . Kaufmann, G. (2014). Driving ability

after right-sided ankle arthroscopy;A prospective Study. Injury, 47(3), 762-765.

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2015.11.011

Lietz, S. (1984). [New medical guidelines for fitness specifications for automobile driving (Tauvo

K)--neurology/psychiatry specialty]. Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol (Leipz), 36(2), 75-83.

Lin, L., Huang, C., Ni, X., Wang, J., Zhang, H., Li, X., & Qian, Z. (2015). Driver fatigue detection based on eye state.

Technol Health Care, 23 Suppl 2, S453-463. doi:10.3233/thc-150982

Lincoln, N., Radford, K. A., Lee, E., & Reay, A. C. (2006). The assessment of fitness to drive in people with dementia.

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(11), 1044-1051.

Lincoln, N. B., & Radford, K. A. (2008). Cognitive abilities as predictors of safety to drive in people with multiple

sclerosis. Mult Scler, 14(1), 123-128. doi:1352458507080467 [pii]

10.1177/1352458507080467 [doi]

Lings, S. (1991). Assessing driving capability: A method for individual testing The significance of paraparesis inferior

studied in a controlled experiment. Applied Ergonomics, 22(2), 75-84.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(91)90305-2

Lings, S. (2002). Driving accident frequency increased in patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand, 105(3),

169-173.

Lings, S. (2002). [Increased frequency of driving accidents in epilepsy]. Ugeskr Laeger, 164(14), 1920-1922.

Lings, S. (2002). [Increased frequency of traffic accidents among patients with disseminated sclerosis]. Ugeskr Laeger,

164(44), 5134-5137.

Lings, S., & Dupont, E. (1992). Driving with Parkinson's disease. A controlled laboratory investigation [see comments].

Acta Neurol Scand, 86(1), 33-39.

Lings, S., & Jensen, P. B. (1991). Driving after stroke: a controlled laboratory investigation. Int Disabil Stud, 13(3), 74-82.

Little, G. L., & Robinson, K. D. (1989). Relationship of DUI recidivism to moral reasoning, sensation seeking, and

MacAndrew alcoholism scores. Psychol Rep, 65(3 Pt 2), 1171-1174.

Liu, G. F., Han, S., Liang, D. H., Wang, F. Z., Shi, X. Z., Yu, J., & Wu, Z. L. (2003). Driver sleepiness and risk of car crashes

in Shenyang, a Chinese northeastern city: population-based case-control study. Biomed Environ Sci, 16(3),

219-226.

Liu, S., Siegel, P. Z., Brewer, R. D., Mokdad, A. H., Sleet, D. A., & Serdula, M. (1997). Prevalence of alcohol-impaired

driving. Results from a national self- reported survey of health behaviors [see comments]. Jama, 277(2),

122-125.

Liu, Y. C. (2001). Comparative study of the effects of auditory, visual and multimodality displays on drivers'

performance in advanced traveller information systems. Ergonomics, 44(4), 425-442.

Liu, Y. C., & Fu, S. M. (2007). Changes in driving behavior and cognitive performance with different breath alcohol

concentration levels. Traffic Inj Prev, 8(2), 153-161.

Lloyd, S., Cormack, C. N., Blais, K., Messeri, G., McCallum, M. A., Spicer, K., & Morgan, S. (2001). Driving and dementia:

a review of the literature. Can J Occup Ther, 68(3), 149-156.

Lobjois, R., Benguigui, N., & Cavallo, V. (2013). The effects of age and traffic density on street-crossing behavior.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 53, 166-175. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.028

Lococo, K. H., Stutts, J., Sifrit, K. J., & Staplin, L. (2017). Medical review practices for driver licensing, Volume 3: Guidelines

and processes in the United States (DOT HS 812 402). Retrieved from Washington DC:

Lodemann, E., Bockisch, A., & Görges, R. (2012). Short-term hypothyroidism in thyroid cancer patients and

cognitive-motor performance relevant for driving. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37(10), 1726-1735.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.03.006

Logan, P. A., Dyas, J., & Gladman, J. R. (2004). Using an interview study of transport use by people who have had a

stroke to inform rehabilitation. Clin Rehabil, 18(6), 703-708.

Logsdon, R. G., Teri, L., & Larson, E. B. (1992). Driving and Alzheimer's disease. J Gen Intern Med, 7(6), 583-588.

Lonnen, K. F., Powell, R. J., Taylor, D., Shore, A. C., & MacLeod, K. M. (2008). Road traffic accidents and diabetes: insulin

use does not determine risk. Diabet Med, 25(5), 578-584. doi:DME2409 [pii]

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02409.x [doi]

Lopez-Ramon, M. F., Castro, C., Roca, J., Ledesma, R., & Lupianez, J. (2011). Attentional networks functioning, age, and

attentional lapses while driving. Traffic Inj Prev, 12(5), 518-528. doi:10.1080/15389588.2011.588295

Lord, D., van Schalkwyk, I., Chrysler, S., & Staplin, L. (2007). A strategy to reduce older driver injuries at intersections

using more accommodating roundabout design practices. Accid Anal Prev, 39(3), 427-432.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2006.09.011

Lorente Rodriguez, E., & Fernandez Guinea, S. (2004). [Elderly and brain-damaged drivers in Spain]. Rev Neurol, 38(8),

785-790.

Lovas, J., Fereshtehnejad, S. M., Cermakova, P., Lundberg, C., Johansson, B., Johansson, K., . . . Religa, D. (2016).

Assessment and Reporting of Driving Fitness in Patients with Dementia in Clinical Practice: Data from

SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry. J Alzheimers Dis, 53(2), 631-638. doi:10.3233/jad-160254

Love, C. M., Welsh, R. K., Knabb, J. J., Scott, S. T., & Brokaw, D. W. (2008). Working with cognitively impaired drivers:

legal issues for mental health professionals to consider. J Safety Res, 39(5), 535-545.

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2008.09.001

Love, J., & Tuokko, H. (2016). Older Driver Safety: A Survey of Psychologists' Attitudes, Knowledge, and Practices. Can

J Aging, 35(3), 393-404. doi:10.1017/s0714980816000386

Lövsund, P., Hedin, A., & Törnros, J. (1991). Effects on driving performance of visual field defects: A driving simulator

study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 23(4), 331-342. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(91)90011-S

Lowdon, D., & Gillespie, N. D. (2003). Assessing fitness to drive in the elderly. Practitioner, 247(1642), 54-56, 58.

Loxley, W., Lo, S. K., Homel, R., Berger, D. E., & Snortum, J. R. (1992). Young people, alcohol, and driving in two

Australian states. Int J Addict, 27(9), 1119-1129.

Lucas-Blaustein, M. J., Filipp, L., Dungan, C., & Tune, L. (1988). Driving in patients with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc,

36(12), 1087-1091.

Luepker, R. V., & Smith, M. L. (1978). Mortality in unionized truck drivers. J Occup Med, 20(10), 677-682.

Lukas, A., & Nikolaus, T. (2009). [Driving ability and dementia]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 42(3), 205-211.

doi:10.1007/s00391-009-0036-6

Lund, A. K., & Wolfe, A. C. (1991). Changes in the incidence of alcohol-impaired driving in the United States,

1973-1986. J Stud Alcohol, 52(4), 293-301.

Lundberg, C., Caneman, G., Samuelsson, S. M., Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., & Almkvist, O. (2003). The assessment of

fitness to drive after a stroke: the Nordic Stroke Driver Screening Assessment. Scand J Psychol, 44(1), 23-30.

Lundberg, C., & Hakamies-Blomqvist, L. (2003). Driving tests with older patients: effect of unfamiliar versus familiar

vehicle. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 6(3), 163-173.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8478(03)00023-8

Lundberg, C., Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., Almkvist, O., & Johansson, K. (1998). Impairments of some cognitive functions

are common in crash-involved older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 30(3), 371-377.

Lundberg, C., Johansson, K., Ball, K., Bjerre, B., Blomqvist, C., Braekhus, A., . . . Winblad, B. (1997). Dementia and driving:

an attempt at consensus. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 11(1), 28-37.

Lundqvist, A. (2001). Neuropsychological aspects of driving characteristics. Brain Inj, 15(11), 981-994.

doi:10.1080/02699050110065637

Lundqvist, A., & Alinder, J. (2007). Driving after brain injury: self-awareness and coping at the tactical level of control.

Brain Inj, 21(11), 1109-1117. doi:782453426 [pii]

10.1080/02699050701651660 [doi]

Lundqvist, A., & Ronnberg, J. (2001). Driving problems and adaptive driving

behaviour after brain injury: A qualitative assessment. Neuropsychological

Rehabilitation, 11(2), 171-185.

Lurie, K. G., Iskos, D., Sakaguchi, S., Fahy, G. J., & Benditt, D. G. (1999). Resumption of motor vehicle operation in

vasovagal fainters. Am J Cardiol, 83(4), 604-606, A608. doi:S0002-9149(98)00924-2 [pii]

Lutze, J., Scheller, M., & Sachs, H. (1987). [Drug use in medical traffic fitness studies]. Blutalkohol, 24(3), 186-191.

Lyman, J. M., McGwin, G., & Sims, R. V. (2001). Factors related to driving difficulty and habits in older drivers. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 33(3), 413-421.

Lyman, S., Ferguson, S. A., Braver, E. R., & Williams, A. F. (2002). Older driver involvements in police reported crashes

and fatal crashes: trends and projections. Inj Prev, 8(2), 116-120.

Maatz, K. R. (1995). [Legal requirements for medical findings in determining driving capacity in driving under the

influence of drugs--discussion of establishing limit values for "absolute" incapacity]. Blutalkohol, 32(2),

97-108.

Macdonald, S., & Dooley, S. (1993). A case-control study of driving-while-impaired offenders. Drug Alcohol Depend,

33(1), 61-71.

Macdonald, S., & Pederson, L. L. (1988). Occurrence and patterns of driving behavior for alcoholics in treatment. Drug

Alcohol Depend, 22(1-2), 15-25.

MacDonald, S., & Pederson, L. L. (1990). The characteristics of alcoholics in treatment arrested for Driving While

Impaired. Br J Addict, 85(1), 97-105.

MacDonald, W., & Owen, J. W. (1988). The effect of total hip replacement on driving reactions. J Bone Joint Surg [Br],

70(2), 202-205.

MacDougall, H. G., Moore, S. T., Black, R. A., Jolly, N., & Curthoys, I. S. (2009). On-road assessment of driving

performance in bilateral vestibular-deficient patients. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1164, 413-418. doi:NYAS03733 [pii]

10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03733.x

MacGregor, J. M., Freeman, D. H., Jr., & Zhang, D. (2001). A traffic sign recognition test can discriminate between older

drivers who have and have not had a motor vehicle crash. J Am Geriatr Soc, 49(4), 466-469.

Mackie, S. W., Webb, L. A., Hutchison, B. M., Hammer, H. M., Barrie, T., & Walsh, G. (1995). How much blame can be

placed on laser photocoagulation for failure to attain driving standards? Eye, 9 ( Pt 4), 517-525.

MacMahon, M., O'Neill, D., & Kenny, R. A. (1996). Syncope: driving advice is frequently overlooked. Postgrad Med J,

72(851), 561-563.

Madaan, V., & Cox, D. J. (2017). Distracted Driving With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. JAMA Psychiatry,

74(6), 603-604. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0864

Madeley, P., Hulley, J. L., Wildgust, H., & Mindham, R. H. (1990). Parkinson's disease and driving ability. J Neurol

Neurosurg Psychiatry, 53(7), 580-582.

Makara-Studzinska, M., & Latala-Los, E. (2012). [Assessment of mental status at the drivers of the vehicles after using

alcohol or drunk driving]. Pol Merkur Lekarski, 33(198), 330-333.

Maki, M., & Linnoila, M. (1976). Characteristics of driving in relation to the drug and alcohol use of Finnish outpatients.

Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry, 11, 11-21.

Malek-Ahmadi, M. (2017). Age-Associated Alcohol and Driver Risk Differences in Older Adult DUI Offenders. J Appl

Gerontol, 36(4), 499-507. doi:10.1177/0733464815624152

Malek-Ahmadi, M., & Degiorgio, L. (2015). Risk of alcohol abuse in urban versus rural DUI offenders. Am J Drug

Alcohol Abuse, 41(4), 353-357. doi:10.3109/00952990.2015.1043436

Mallis=Gagnon, A., Lakha, S., Furlan, A., Nicholson, K., Yegneswaran, B., & I, S. (2012). Systematic review of the quality

and generalizability of studies on the effects of opioids on driving and cognitive psychomotor performance.

doi:DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3182385332

Mallon, K., & Wood, J. M. (2004). Occupational therapy assessment of open-road driving performance: validity of

directed and self-directed navigational instructional components. Am J Occup Ther, 58(3), 279-286.

Maltz, M., & Shinar, D. (1999). Eye movements of younger and older drivers. Hum Factors, 41(1), 15-25.

Manaouil, C., de Lentaigne de Logiviere, X., Seillier, J. F., & Jarde, O. (2015). [Role of the medical officer for the

assessment of driving ability. Practical aspects, liability and confidentiality]. Presse Med, 44(9), 923-930.

doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2015.03.005

Mancia, D., Terzano, M. G., Zacchetti, O., Tomasi, D., & Lechi, A. (1978). [Epilepsy and the driver's license]. Ateneo

Parmense [Acta Biomed], 49(2), 157-164.

Mannchen, K. (1976). [Transport medical aspects of comprehensive medical care of ageing citizens (author's transl)].

Zfa, 31(3), 261-266.

Manning, K. J., Davis, J. D., Papandonatos, G. D., & Ott, B. R. (2014). Clock drawing as a screen for impaired driving in

aging and dementia: is it worth the time? Arch Clin Neuropsychol, 29(1), 1-6. doi:10.1093/arclin/act088

Man-Son-Hing, M., Marshall, S. C., Molnar, F. J., & Wilson, K. G. (2007). Systematic review of driving risk and the

efficacy of compensatory strategies in persons with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc, 55(6), 878-884. doi:JGS1177

[pii]

10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01177.x

Mantyjarvi, M., & Tuppurainen, K. (1999). Cataract in traffic. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 237(4), 278-282.

Marcinkowski, J. T., Kaczmarek, T., & Klimberg, A. (2007). [Driver and epilepsy]. Arch Med Sadowej Kryminol, 57(1),

62-66.

Mardh, S., Mardh, P., & Anund, A. (2017). Driving restrictions post-stroke: Physicians' compliance with regulations.

Traffic Inj Prev, 18(5), 477-480. doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1265954

Marin-Lamellet, C., & Haustein, S. (2015). Managing the safe mobility of older road users: How to cope with their

diversity? Journal of Transport & Health, 2(1), 22-31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2014.07.006

Marino, M., de Belvis, A., Basso, D., Avolio, M., Pelone, F., Tanzariello, M., & Ricciardi, W. (2013). Interventions to

evaluate fitness to drive among people with chronic conditions: Systematic review of literature. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 50, 377-396. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.010

Marmeleira, J. F., Godinho, M. B., & Fernandes, O. M. (2009). The effects of an exercise program on several abilities

associated with driving performance in older adults. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 41(1), 90-97.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2008.09.008

Marottoli, R. A. (1993). Driving safety in elderly individuals. Conn Med, 57(5), 277-280.

Marottoli, R. A., Allore, H., Araujo, K. L., Iannone, L. P., Acampora, D., Gottschalk, M., . . . Peduzzi, P. (2007). A

randomized trial of a physical conditioning program to enhance the driving performance of older persons. J

Gen Intern Med, 22(5), 590-597.

Marottoli, R. A., Cooney, L. M., Jr., Wagner, R., Doucette, J., & Tinetti, M. E. (1994). Predictors of automobile crashes

and moving violations among elderly drivers [see comments]. Ann Intern Med, 121(11), 842-846.

Marottoli, R. A., & Drickamer, M. A. (1993). Psychomotor mobility and the elderly driver. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2),

403-411.

Marottoli, R. A., Mendes de Leon, C. F., Glass, T. A., Williams, C. S., Cooney, L. M., Jr., Berkman, L. F., & Tinetti, M. E.

(1997). Driving cessation and increased depressive symptoms: prospective evidence from the New Haven

EPESE. Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly J Am Geriatr Soc, 45(2), 202-206.

Marottoli, R. A., Ness, P. H., Araujo, K. L., Iannone, L. P., Acampora, D., Charpentier, P., & Peduzzi, P. (2007). A

randomized trial of an education program to enhance older driver performance. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci,

62(10), 1113-1119.

Marottoli, R. A., Ostfeld, A. M., Merrill, S. S., Perlman, G. D., Foley, D. J., & Cooney, L. M., Jr. (1993). Driving cessation

and changes in mileage driven among elderly individuals. J Gerontol, 48(5), S255-260.

Marottoli, R. A., & Richardson, E. D. (1998). Confidence in, and self-rating of, driving ability among older drivers. Accid

Anal Prev, 30(3), 331-336.

Marottoli, R. A., Richardson, E. D., Stowe, M. H., Miller, E. G., Brass, L. M., Cooney, L. M., Jr., & Tinetti, M. E. (1998).

Development of a test battery to identify older drivers at risk for self-reported adverse driving events [see

comments]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 46(5), 562-568.

Marques, C. J., Cabri, J., Barreiros, J., Carita, A. I., Friesecke, C., & Loehr, J. F. (2008). The effects of task complexity on

brake response time before and after primary right total knee arthroplasty. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 89(5),

851-855. doi:S0003-9993(08)00107-X [pii]

10.1016/j.apmr.2007.10.025

Marsden, J., & Craig, S. (2009). Vision and driving legislation: what nurses need to know. Nurs Stand, 23(37), 41-45.

doi:10.7748/ns2009.05.23.37.41.c6972

Marshall, S., Man-Son-Hing, M., Molnar, F., Hunt, L., & Finestone, H. (2005). An exploratory study on the predictive

elements of passing on-the-road tests for disabled persons. Traffic Inj Prev, 6(3), 235-239.

Marshall, S. C. (2008). The role of reduced fitness to drive due to medical impairments in explaining crashes involving

older drivers. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 291-298. doi:10.1080/15389580801895244

Marshall, S. C., & Gilbert, N. (1999). Saskatchewan physicians' attitudes and knowledge regarding assessment of

medical fitness to drive. Cmaj, 160(12), 1701-1704.

Marshall, S. C., Man-Son-Hing, M., Bédard, M., Charlton, J., Gagnon, S., Gélinas, I., . . . Woolnough, A. (2013). Protocol

for Candrive II/Ozcandrive, a multicentre prospective older driver cohort study. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 61, 245-252. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.009

Marshall, S. C., Man-Son-Hing, M., Charlton, J., Molnar, L. J., Koppel, S., & Eby, D. W. (2013). The Candrive/Ozcandrive

prospective older driver study: Methodology and early study findings. Accid Anal Prev, 61, 233-235.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.07.007

Marshall, S. C., Man-Son-Hing, M., Molnar, F., Wilson, K. G., & Blair, R. (2007). The acceptability to older drivers of

different types of licensing restriction. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39(4), 776-793.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2006.11.008

Marshall, S. C., Wilson, K. G., Molnar, F. J., Man-Son-Hing, M., Stiell, I., & Porter, M. M. (2007). Measurement of driving

patterns of older adults using data logging devices with and without global positioning system capability.

Traffic Inj Prev, 8(3), 260-266. doi:781415063 [pii]

10.1080/15389580701281792

Martin, A. J., Hand, E. B., Trace, F., & O'Neill, D. (2010). Pedestrian fatalities and injuries involving Irish older people.

Gerontology, 56(3), 266-271. doi:000258052 [pii]

10.1159/000258052

Martin, A. J., Marottoli, R., & O'Neill, D. (2013). Driving assessment for maintaining mobility and safety in drivers with

dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (8). Retrieved from

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006222.pub4/abstract

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006222.pub4

Mason, A. P., & McBay, A. J. (1984). Ethanol, marijuana, and other drug use in 600 drivers killed in single- vehicle

crashes in North Carolina, 1978-1981. J Forensic Sci, 29(4), 987-1026.

Massof, R. W., Deremeik, J. T., Park, W. L., & Grover, L. L. (2007). Self-reported importance and difficulty of driving in a

low-vision clinic population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 48(11), 4955-4962. doi:10.1167/iovs.06-0566

Mathias, J. L., & Lucas, L. K. (2009). Cognitive predictors of unsafe driving in older drivers: a meta-analysis. Int

Psychogeriatr, 21(4), 637-653. doi:S1041610209009119 [pii]

10.1017/S1041610209009119

Mathieu, F., Bergeron, J., Dupuis, G., Ekoe, J. M., & Laberge-Nadeau, C. (1994). [Diabetes and road safety]. Diabete

Metab, 20(4), 405-414.

Mathijssen, M. P. M. (2005). Drink driving policy and road safety in the Netherlands: a retrospective analysis.

Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 41(5), 395-408.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2005.03.001

Mathis, J., & Schreier, D. (2014). [Daytime sleepiness and driving behaviour]. Ther Umsch, 71(11), 679-686.

doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000610

Matsui, K., Sasai-Sakuma, T., Ishigooka, J., & Inoue, Y. (2017). Insufficient sleep rather than the apnea-hypopnea index

can be associated with sleepiness-related driving problems of Japanese obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

patients residing in metropolitan areas. Sleep Med, 33, 19-22. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.07.022

Matsuura, M. (2013). [Epilepsy and driving]. Brain Nerve, 65(1), 67-75.

Maxwell, R. D., & Leyshon, G. E. (1971). Epilepsy and driving. Br Med J, 3(5765), 12-15.

May, J. F., Porter, B. E., & Ware, J. C. (2016). The deterioration of driving performance over time in drivers with

untreated sleep apnea. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 89, 95-102.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.01.002

Maycock, G. (1997). Sleepiness and driving: the experience of U.K. car drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 29(4), 453-462.

Mayhew, D. R., Simpson, H. M., & Ferguson, S. A. (2006). Collisions Involving Senior Drivers: High-Risk Conditions and

Locations. Traffic Inj Prev, 7(2), 117 - 124.

Mayou, R., Bryant, B., & Duthie, R. (1993). Psychiatric consequences of road traffic accidents [see comments]. Bmj,

307(6905), 647-651.

Mazer, B. L., Korner-Bitensky, N. A., & Sofer, S. (1998). Predicting ability to drive after stroke. Archives of Physical

Medicine and Rehabilitation, 79(7), 743-750. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90350-1

Mazer, B. L., Sofer, S., Korner-Bitensky, N., Gelinas, I., Hanley, J., & Wood-Dauphinee, S. (2003). Effectiveness of a visual

attention retraining program on the driving performance of clients with stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine

and Rehabilitation, 84(4), 541-550. doi:https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2003.50085

McCarron, M. O., Loftus, A. M., & McCarron, P. (2008). Driving after a transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke. Emerg

Med J, 25(6), 358-359. doi:25/6/358 [pii]

10.1136/emj.2007.054577

McCartt, A. T., Geary, L. L., & Berning, A. (2003). Observational study of the extent of driving while suspended for

alcohol impaired driving. Inj Prev, 9(2), 133-137.

McCloskey, L. W., Koepsell, T. D., Wolf, M. E., & Buchner, D. M. (1994). Motor vehicle collision injuries and sensory

impairments of older drivers. Age Ageing, 23(4), 267-273.

McConnell, R. A., Spall, A. D., Hirst, L. W., & Williams, G. (1991). A survey of the visual acuity of Brisbane drivers. Med J

Aust, 155(2), 107-111.

McCue, H., Jr. (1992). Public safety: Virginia's impaired drivers. Va Med Q, 119(1), 49-50.

McGregor, D. (2002). Driving over 65: proceed with caution. J Gerontol Nurs, 28(8), 22-26; quiz 54-25.

McGregor, L. N., & Chaparro, A. (2005). Visual difficulties reported by low-vision and nonimpaired older adult drivers.

Hum Factors, 47(3), 469-478.

McGwin, G., Jr., & Brown, D. B. (1999). Characteristics of traffic crashes among young, middle-aged, and older drivers.

Accid Anal Prev, 31(3), 181-198.

McGwin, G., Chapman, V., & Owsley, C. (2000). Visual risk factors for driving difficulty among older drivers. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 32(6), 735-744.

McGwin, G., Jr., McCartt, A. T., Braitman, K. A., & Owsley, C. (2008). Survey of older drivers' experiences with Florida's

mandatory vision re-screening law for licensure. Ophthalmic Epidemiol, 15(2), 121-127. doi:792398522 [pii]

10.1080/09286580701840370 [doi]

McGwin, G., Jr., & Owsley, C. (2005). Risk factors for motor vehicle collision-related eye injuries. Arch Ophthalmol,

123(1), 89-95.

McGwin, G., Owsley, C., & Ball, K. (1998). Identifying crash involvement among older drivers: agreement between

self-report and state records. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 30(6), 781-791.

McGwin, G., Jr., Sarrels, S. A., Griffin, R., Owsley, C., & Rue, L. W., 3rd. (2008). The impact of a vision screening law on

older driver fatality rates. Arch Ophthalmol, 126(11), 1544-1547. doi:10.1001/archopht.126.11.1544

McGwin, G., Jr., Sims, R. V., Pulley, L., & Roseman, J. M. (1999). Diabetes and automobile crashes in the elderly. A

population-based case-control study. Diabetes Care, 22(2), 220-227.

McGwin, G., Jr., Sims, R. V., Pulley, L., & Roseman, J. M. (2000). Relations among chronic medical conditions,

medications, and automobile crashes in the elderly: a population-based case-control study. Am J Epidemiol,

152(5), 424-431.

McGwin Jr., G., Wood, J., Huisingh, C., & Owsley, C. (2016). Motor Vehicle Collision Involvement among Persons with

Hemianopia and Quadrantanopia. Geriatrics, 1(3), 19.

McIntosh, J., O'Brien, T., & McKeganey, N. (2008). Drug driving and the management of risk: the perspectives and

practices of a sample of problem drug users. Int J Drug Policy, 19(3), 248-254. doi:S0955-3959(06)00248-9

[pii]

10.1016/j.drugpo.2006.12.003 [doi]

McKay, C., Rapport, L. J., Bryer, R. C., & Casey, J. (2011). Self-evaluation of driving simulator performance after stroke.

Top Stroke Rehabil, 18(5), 549-561. doi:10.1310/tsr1805-549

McKnight, A. J., & McKnight, A. S. (1999). Multivariate analysis of age-related driver ability and performance deficits.

Accid Anal Prev, 31(5), 445-454.

McLachlan, R. S., Starreveld, E., & Lee, M. A. (2007). Impact of mandatory physician reporting on accident risk in

epilepsy. Epilepsia, 48(8), 1500-1505. doi:EPI1051 [pii]

10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01051.x [doi]

McLay, P. (1989). The parkinsonian and driving. Int Disabil Stud, 11(1), 50-51.

McLay, W. D. S. (1977). Impaired Consciousness: Some Grey Areas of Responsibility. Journal of the Forensic Science

Society, 17(2–3), 113-120. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-7368(77)71135-1

McLean, I. M., Mueller, E., Buttery, R. G., & Mackey, D. A. (2002). Visual field assessment and the Austroads driving

standard. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol, 30(1), 3-7.

McLellan, B. A., Vingilis, E., Larkin, E., Stoduto, G., Macartney-Filgate, M., & Sharkey, P. W. (1993). Psychosocial

characteristics and follow-up of drinking and non-drinking drivers in motor vehicle crashes. J Trauma, 35(2),

245-250.

McLellan, B. A., Vingilis, E., Liban, C. B., Stoduto, G., McMurtry, R. Y., & Nelson, W. R. (1990). Blood alcohol testing of

motor vehicle crash admissions at a regional trauma unit. J Trauma, 30(4), 418-421.

McNamara, A., Chen, G., George, S., Walker, R., & Ratcliffe, J. (2013). What factors influence older people in the

decision to relinquish their driver's licence? A discrete choice experiment. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 55,

178-184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.034

McNamara, C., & Buckley, S. E. (2015). The road to recovery: Experiences of driving with bipolar disorder. BRITISH

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, 78(6), 356.

McNicholas, W. T. (2016). Driving risk in obstructive sleep apnoea: Do new European regulations contribute to safer

roads? Expert Rev Respir Med, 10(5), 473-475. doi:10.1586/17476348.2016.1159134

McNicholas, W. T., & Rodenstein, D. (2015). Sleep apnoea and driving risk: the need for regulation. Eur Respir Rev,

24(138), 602-606. doi:10.1183/16000617.0049-2015

Meindorfner, C., Korner, Y., Moller, J. C., Stiasny-Kolster, K., Oertel, W. H., & Kruger, H. P. (2005). Driving in Parkinson's

disease: mobility, accidents, and sudden onset of sleep at the wheel. Mov Disord, 20(7), 832-842.

Menard, I., Korner-Bitensky, N., Dobbs, B., Casacalenda, N., Beck, P. R., Dippsych, C. M., . . . Naglie, G. (2006). Canadian

psychiatrists' current attitudes, practices, and knowledge regarding fitness to drive in individuals with mental

illness: a cross-Canada survey. Can J Psychiatry, 51(13), 836-846.

Menefee, L. A., Frank, E. D., Crerand, C., Jalali, S., Park, J., Sanschagrin, K., & Besser, M. (2004). The effects of

transdermal fentanyl on driving, cognitive performance, and balance in patients with chronic nonmalignant

pain conditions. Pain Med, 5(1), 42-49.

Mennemeyer, S. T., Owsley, C., & McGwin, G., Jr. (2013). Reducing older driver motor vehicle collisions via earlier

cataract surgery. Accid Anal Prev, 61, 203-211. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.01.002

Merkel, R. L., Jr., Nichols, J. Q., Fellers, J. C., Hidalgo, P., Martinez, L. A., Putziger, I., . . . Cox, D. J. (2016). Comparison of

On-Road Driving Between Young Adults With and Without ADHD. J Atten Disord, 20(3), 260-269.

doi:10.1177/1087054712473832

Merli, M., Giusto, M., Lucidi, C., Giannelli, V., Pentassuglio, I., Di Gregorio, V., . . . Riggio, O. (2013). Muscle depletion

increases the risk of overt and minimal hepatic encephalopathy: results of a prospective study. Metab Brain

Dis, 28(2), 281-284. doi:10.1007/s11011-012-9365-z

Merour, A., Favrat, B., Borruat, F. X., & Pasche, C. (2014). [Requirements on vision for driving: to see more clearly]. Rev

Med Suisse, 10(452), 2252-2254, 2256-2257.

Meskali, M., Berthelon, C., Marie, S., Denise, P., & Bocca, M. L. (2009). Residual effects of hypnotic drugs in aging

drivers submitted to simulated accident scenarios: an exploratory study. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 207(3),

461-467. doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1677-2

Messinger-Rapport, B. J. (2002). How to assess and counsel the older driver. Cleve Clin J Med, 69(3), 184-185, 189-190,

192.

Messinger-Rapport, B. J. (2003). Assessment and counseling of older drivers. A guide for primary care physicians.

Geriatrics, 58(12), 16-18, 21-14.

Messinger-Rapport, B. J., & Rader, E. (2000). High risk on the highway. How to identify and treat the impaired older

driver. Geriatrics, 55(10), 32-34, 37-38, 41-32 passim.

Metz, D. (2000). Mobility of older people and their quality of life. Transport

Policy, 7(7), 149-152.

Metzger, D. S., & Platt, J. J. (1987). Problem drinker drivers: client and service involvement correlates of treatment

outcome. Int J Addict, 22(2), 181-186.

Metzner, J., Dubovsky, S., & Caruso, G. (2009). FMCSA Opinions of expert panel Psychiatric Disorders and Commercial

Motor Vehicle Driver Safety. FMCSA Retrieved from

https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/sites/fmcsa.dot.gov/files/docs/Medical-Expert-Panel-Psychiatric-Psychiatric-MEP-

Panel-Opin.pdf.

Meuleners, L. B., Agramunt, S., Ng, J. Q., Morlet, N., Keay, L., McCluskey, P., & Young, M. (2015). The Cataract Extraction

and Driving Ability Research Study Protocol: characterisation of deficits in driving performance and

self-regulation among older drivers with bilateral cataract. Inj Prev, 21(6), 424-429.

doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041423

Meuleners, L. B., Harding, A., Lee, A. H., & Legge, M. (2006). Fragility and crash over-representation among older

drivers in Western Australia. Accid Anal Prev, 38(5), 1006-1010.

Meuleners, L. B., Ng, J. Q., Fraser, M., Hendrie, D., & Morlet, N. (2011). The impact of gender on first eye cataract

surgery and motor vehicle crash risk for older drivers. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol.

doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02751.x

Meuser, T. M., Berg-Weger, M., Carr, D. B., Shi, S., & Stewart, D. (2016). Clinician Effectiveness in Assessing Fitness to

Drive of Medically At-Risk Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 64(4), 849-854. doi:10.1111/jgs.14022

Meuser, T. M., Berg-Weger, M., Niewoehner, P. M., Harmon, A. C., Kuenzie, J. C., Carr, D. B., & Barco, P. P. (2012).

Physician input and licensing of at-risk drivers: A review of all-inclusive medical evaluation forms in the US

and Canada. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 46, 8-17. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.12.009

Meuser, T. M., Carr, D. B., Berg-Weger, M., Niewoehner, P., & Morris, J. C. (2006). Driving and dementia in older adults:

Implementation and evaluation of a continuing education project. Gerontologist, 46(5), 680-687.

Meuser, T. M., Carr, D. B., Irmiter, C., Schwartzberg, J. G., & Ulfarsson, G. F. (2010). The American Medical Association

Older Driver Curriculum for health professionals: changes in trainee confidence, attitudes, and practice

behavior. Gerontol Geriatr Educ, 31(4), 290-309. doi:10.1080/02701960.2010.528273

Meuser, T. M., Carr, D. B., & Ulfarsson, G. F. (2009). Motor-vehicle crash history and licensing outcomes for older

drivers reported as medically impaired in Missouri. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 41(2), 246-252.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2008.11.003

Meuser, T. M., Carr, D. B., Unger, E. A., & Ulfarsson, G. F. (2015). Family reports of medically impaired drivers in

Missouri: Cognitive concerns and licensing outcomes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 74, 17-23.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.10.002

Michael, R., van Rijn, L. J., van den Berg, T. J., Barraquer, R. I., Grabner, G., Wilhelm, H., . . . Nischler, C. (2009).

Association of lens opacities, intraocular straylight, contrast sensitivity and visual acuity in European drivers.

Acta Ophthalmol, 87(6), 666-671. doi:AOS1326 [pii]

10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01326.x

Michaelis, J. R., McConnell, D. S., & Smither, J. A. (2012). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder's effects on

individuals' scan paths during a simulated drive. Work, 41 Suppl 1, 5833-5835.

doi:10.3233/wor-2012-0967-5833

Michiels, W., & La Harpe, R. (1996). [Drunkenness in traffic in Geneva: distribution and detection]. Soz Praventivmed,

41(1), 19-27.

Michiels, W., & La Harpe, R. (1996). [Drunkenness in traffic in Geneva: occasional abuse or alcoholism?]. Soz

Praventivmed, 41(1), 28-35.

Miles, W. M. (1997). DRIVING ISSUES RELATED TO ARRHYTHMIC SYNCOPE. Cardiology Clinics, 15(2), 327-339.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70339-8

Miles-Doan, R. (1996). Alcohol use among pedestrians and the odds of surviving an injury: Evidence from Florida law

enforcement data. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 28(1), 23-31.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(95)00030-5

Millar, W. J. (1999). Older drivers--a complex public health issue. Health Rep, 11(2), 59-71(Eng); 67-82(Fre).

Miller, D. J., & Morley, J. E. (1993). Attitudes of physicians toward elderly drivers and driving policy. J Am Geriatr Soc,

41(7), 722-724.

Miller, S. M., Taylor-Piliae, R. E., & Insel, K. C. (2016). The association of physical activity, cognitive processes and

automobile driving ability in older adults: A review of the literature. Geriatric Nursing, 37(4), 313-320.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2016.05.004

Mills, K. L., Hodge, W., Johansson, K., & Conigrave, K. M. (2008). An outcome evaluation of the New South Wales

Sober Driver Programme: a remedial programme for recidivist drink drivers. Drug Alcohol Rev, 27(1), 65-74.

doi:787034646 [pii]

10.1080/09595230701711116

Mindell, J. S., Cohen, D. L., Shelton, N. J., Sutaria, S., Hayward, A., & Watkins, S. J. (2014). Transport and clinical practice.

Journal of Transport & Health, 1(1), 73-80. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2013.08.001

Mirabet Lis, E., Garcia Llorente, P., Pertejo Pastor, E., de Vega Sanchez, P., & Requena de Haro, E. (1991). [Medical and

psycho-technical examination centers in the prevention of traffic accidents: 1480 examinations carried out at

the Spanish Red Cross Center in Valencia]. Rev Sanid Hig Publica (Madr), 65(2), 165-173.

Mitchel, R. K., Castleden, C. M., & Fanthome, Y. C. (1995). Driving, Alzheimer's disease and ageing: A potential

cognitive screening device for all elderly drivers. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 10(10), 865-869.

Mitchell, C. G. (2008). The licensing of older drivers in Europe--a case study. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 360-366.

doi:10.1080/15389580801895160

Mitchell, C. G. B. (2013). The licensing and safety of older drivers in Britain. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50,

732-741. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.06.027

Miyata, S., Noda, A., Ozaki, N., Hara, Y., Minoshima, M., Iwamoto, K., . . . Koike, Y. (2010). Insufficient sleep impairs

driving performance and cognitive function. Neurosci Lett, 469(2), 229-233. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2009.12.001

Miyazaki, S., & Ishida, A. (1989). An electronic device for hearing-handicapped drivers: evaluation of performance.

Front Med Biol Eng, 1(2), 131-138.

Mola, S. (1995). [Neurological diseases and driving]. Rev Neurol, 23(120), 334-350.

Moller, H. J., Kayumov, L., Bulmash, E. L., Nhan, J., & Shapiro, C. M. (2006). Simulator performance, microsleep

episodes, and subjective sleepiness: normative data using convergent methodologies to assess driver

drowsiness. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 61(3), 335-342.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.04.007

Moller, J. C., Stiasny, K., Cassel, W., Peter, J. H., Kruger, H. P., & Oertel, W. H. (2000). ["Sleep attacks" in Parkinson

patients. A side effect of nonergoline dopamine agonists or a class effect of dopamine agonists?].

Nervenarzt, 71(8), 670-676.

Moller, J. C., Stiasny, K., Hargutt, V., Cassel, W., Tietze, H., Peter, J. H., . . . Oertel, W. H. (2002). Evaluation of sleep and

driving performance in six patients with Parkinson's disease reporting sudden onset of sleep under

dopaminergic medication: a pilot study. Mov Disord, 17(3), 474-481.

Moller, M., Haustein, S., & Prato, C. G. (2015). Profiling drunk driving recidivists in Denmark. Accid Anal Prev, 83,

125-131. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.07.015

Molnar, F. J., Byszewski, A. M., Marshall, S. C., & Man-Son-Hing, M. (2005). In-office evaluation of medical fitness to

drive: practical approaches for assessing older people. Can Fam Physician, 51, 372-379.

Molnar, F. J., Marshall, S. C., Man-Son-Hing, M., Wilson, K. G., Byszewski, A. M., & Stiell, I. (2007). Acceptability and

concurrent validity of measures to predict older driver involvement in motor vehicle crashes: An Emergency

Department pilot case–control study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39(5), 1056-1063.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2007.02.003

Molnar, F. J., Patel, A., Marshall, S. C., Man-Son-Hing, M., & Wilson, K. G. (2006). Clinical utility of office-based

cognitive predictors of fitness to drive in persons with dementia: A systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc,

54(12), 1809-1824.

Molnar, F. J., Patel, A., Marshall, S. C., Man-Son-Hing, M., & Wilson, K. G. (2006). Systematic review of the optimal

frequency of follow-up in persons with mild dementia who continue to drive. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord,

20(4), 295-297. doi:10.1097/01.wad.0000213843.43871.c7

00002093-200610000-00019 [pii]

Molnar, L. J., Charlton, J. L., Eby, D. W., Langford, J., Koppel, S., Kolenic, G. E., & Marshall, S. (2014). Factors Affecting

Self-Regulatory Driving Practices Among Older Adults. - 15(- 3), - 272.

Molnar, L. J., & Eby, D. W. (2008). The relationship between self-regulation and driving-related abilities in older drivers:

an exploratory study. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 314-319. doi:901524470 [pii]

10.1080/15389580801895319

Molnar, L. J., Eby, D. W., Charlton, J. L., Langford, J., Koppel, S., Marshall, S., & Man-Son-Hing, M. (2013). Driving

avoidance by older adults: Is it always self-regulation? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 57, 96-104.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.04.010

Molnar, L. J., Eby, D. W., Kartje, P. S., & St. Louis, R. M. (2010). Increasing self-awareness among older drivers: The role

of self-screening. J Safety Res, 41(4), 367-373. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2010.06.003

Molnar, L. J., Eby, D. W., Langford, J., Charlton, J. L., St. Louis, R. M., & Roberts, J. S. (2013). Tactical, strategic, and

life-goal self-regulation of driving by older adults: Development and testing of a questionnaire. J Safety Res,

46, 107-117. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2013.05.001

Monárrez-Espino, J., Möller, J., Berg, H.-Y., Kalani, M., & Laflamme, L. (2013). Analgesics and road traffic crashes in

senior drivers: An epidemiological review and explorative meta-analysis on opioids. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 57, 157-164. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.04.012

Monestam, E., & Lundqvist, B. (2006). Long-time results and associations between subjective visual difficulties with car

driving and objective visual function 5 years after cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg, 32(1), 50-55.

Monestam, E., & Wachtmeister, L. (1997). Impact of cataract surgery on car driving: a population based study in

Sweden. Br J Ophthalmol, 81(1), 16-22.

Moniz, C., Ferreira, R., Serra, F., Fonseca, R., Vasconcelos, C., & Saraiva, A. M. (2015). Driving with diabetes: What is the

Portuguese doctors’ and patients’ knowledge? Revista Portuguesa de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo,

10(1), 14-17. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpedm.2014.07.003

Monroe, T., & Carter, M. (2012). Using the Folstein Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) to explore methodological issues

in cognitive aging research. European Journal of Ageing, 9(3), 265-274. doi:10.1007/s10433-012-0234-8

Montagnese, S., Middleton, B., Skene, D. J., & Morgan, M. Y. (2009). Night-time sleep disturbance does not correlate

with neuropsychiatric impairment in patients with cirrhosis. Liver Int, 29(9), 1372-1382.

doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02089.x

Monterde i Bort, H. (2004). Factorial structure of recklessness: to what extent are older drivers different? J Safety Res,

35(3), 329-335.

Moorhouse, P., & Hamilton, L. M. (2014). Not if, but when: impact of a driving and dementia awareness and education

campaign for primary care physicians. Can Geriatr J, 17(2), 70-75. doi:10.5770/cgj.17.109

Morgan, R., & King, D. (1995). The older driver--a review. Postgrad Med J, 71(839), 525-528.

Morgan, R., Turnbull, C. J., & King, D. (1995). The prevalence of drivers in acute geriatric wards. Postgrad Med J,

71(840), 590-592.

Morland, J., Steentoft, A., Simonsen, K. W., Ojanpera, I., Vuori, E., Magnusdottir, K., . . . Christophersen, A. (2011). Drugs

related to motor vehicle crashes in northern European countries: a study of fatally injured drivers. Accid Anal

Prev, 43(6), 1920-1926. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.05.002

Morris, A., Welsh, R., Frampton, R., Charlton, J., & Fildes, B. (2002). An overview of requirements for the crash

protection of older drivers. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med, 46, 141-156.

Morrison, I., & Razvi, S. S. (2011). Driving regulations and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: perspectives from the

United Kingdom. Seizure, 20(2), 177-180. doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2010.11.011

Morrow, S. A., Classen, S., Monahan, M., Danter, T., Taylor, R., Krasniuk, S., . . . He, W. (2017). On-road assessment of

fitness-to-drive in persons with MS with cognitive impairment: A prospective study. Mult Scler,

1352458517723991. doi:10.1177/1352458517723991

Mulford, H. A., & Fitzgerald, J. L. (1992). Elderly versus younger problem drinker profiles: do they indicate a need for

special programs for the elderly? J Stud Alcohol, 53(6), 601-610.

Mulgrew, A. T., Nasvadi, G., Butt, A., Cheema, R., Fox, N., Fleetham, J. A., . . . Ayas, N. T. (2008). Risk and severity of

motor vehicle crashes in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea. Thorax, 63(6), 536-541.

doi:thx.2007.085464 [pii]

10.1136/thx.2007.085464 [doi]

Mullen, J., Ryan, S. R., Mathias, C. W., & Dougherty, D. M. (2015). Feasibility of a computer-assisted alcohol screening,

brief intervention and referral to treatment program for DWI offenders. Addict Sci Clin Pract, 10, 25.

doi:10.1186/s13722-015-0046-1

Mullen, J., Ryan, S. R., Mathias, C. W., & Dougherty, D. M. (2015). Treatment Needs of Driving While Intoxicated

Offenders: The Need for a Multimodal Approach to Treatment. Traffic Inj Prev, 16(7), 637-644.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1013189

Muller, A. (1993). [Revoking the driver's license, assessment of driver competence, re- education and therapy in

alcohol offenses: approaches to a necessary reorientation (see comments)]. Blutalkohol, 30(2), 65-95.

Munro, C. A., Jefferys, J., Gower, E. W., Munoz, B. E., Lyketsos, C. G., Keay, L., . . . West, S. K. (2010). Predictors of

lane-change errors in older drivers. J Am Geriatr Soc, 58(3), 457-464. doi:JGS2729 [pii]

10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02729.x

Murie-Fernandez, M., Iturralde, S., Cenoz, M., Casado, M., & Teasell, R. (2014). Driving ability after a stroke: Evaluation

and recovery. Neurología (English Edition), 29(3), 161-167. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrleng.2012.05.008

Murphy, S., Martin-Smith, J., Martin-Smith, W., O'Broin, E., & Clover, A. (2016). When do we think it is safe to drive

after hand surgery? Current practice and legal perspective. Ir Med J, 109(10), 484.

Murray, J. B. (1984). Effects of valium and librium on human psychomotor and cognitive functions. Genet Psychol

Monogr, 109(2D Half), 167-197.

Murray, J.-C., Tremblay, M.-A., Corriveau, H., Hamel, M., & Cabana, F. (2015). Effects of Right Lower Limb Orthopedic

Immobilization on Braking Function: An On-The-Road Experimental Study With Healthy Volunteers. The

Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 54(4), 554-558. doi:https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2014.09.032

Murray, S. L. (1997). Driving and the elderly. J Am Acad Nurse Pract, 9(3), 133-136.

Musch, D. C., Janz, N. K., Leinberger, R. L., Niziol, L. M., & Gillespie, B. W. (2013). Discussing driving concerns with older

patients II. vision care providers' approaches to assessment. JAMA Ophthalmol, 131(2), 213-218.

doi:10.1001/2013.jamaophthalmol.106

Musselwhite, C., & Haddad, H. (2010). Mobility, accessibility and quality of later life. Quality in Ageing and Older

Adults, 11(1), 25-37.

Musselwhite, C., Holland, C., & Walker, I. (2015). The role of transport and mobility in the health of older people.

Journal of Transport & Health, 2(1), 1-4. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2015.02.001

Musselwhite, C. B., & Shergold, I. (2013). Examining the process of driving cessation in later life. European Journal of

Ageing, 10(2), 89-100.

Musselwhite, C. B. A. (2017). Assessment of computer-based training packages to improve the safety of older people’s

driver behaviour. Transportation Planning and Technology, 40(1), 64-79. doi:10.1080/03081060.2016.1238571

Myers, A. M., Paradis, J. A., & Blanchard, R. A. (2008). Conceptualizing and measuring confidence in older drivers:

development of the day and night driving comfort scales. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 89(4), 630-640.

doi:S0003-9993(07)01844-8 [pii]

10.1016/j.apmr.2007.09.037 [doi]

Nagpal, A., Xu, R., Pangarkar, S., Dworkin, I., & Singh, J. R. (2016). Driving Under the Influence of Opioids. PM&R, 8(7),

698-705. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2016.05.010

Nakano, K., Park, K., Zheng, R., Fang, F., Ohori, M., Nakamura, H., . . . Okada, S. (2014). Leukoaraiosis significantly

worsens driving performance of ordinary older drivers. - 9(- 10).

Narad, M., Garner, A. A., Brassell, A. A., Saxby, D., Antonini, T. N., O'Brien, K. M., . . . Epstein, J. N. (2013). Impact of

distraction on the driving performance of adolescents with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity

disorder. JAMA Pediatr, 167(10), 933-938. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.322

Nasvadi, G. C., & Wister, A. (2009). Do restricted driver's licenses lower crash risk among older drivers? A survival

analysis of insurance data from British Columbia. Gerontologist, 49(4), 474-484. doi:gnp039 [pii]

10.1093/geront/gnp039

Nasvadi, G. E. (2007). Changes in self-reported driving behaviour following attendance at a mature driver education

program. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 10(4), 358-369.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2007.02.001

Nasvadi, G. E., & Vavrik, J. (2007). Crash risk of older drivers after attending a mature driver education program. Accid

Anal Prev, 39(6), 1073-1079. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2007.02.005

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2009). Driver fitness medical guidelines (US). (DOT HS 811 210).

Washington DC: NHTSA Retrieved from

http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/31000/31100/31148/6061_MedicalReviewGuide_10-1_v2a.pdf.

Naumann, R. B., Dellinger, A. M., & Kresnow, M. J. (2011). Driving self-restriction in high-risk conditions: how do older

drivers compare to others? J Safety Res, 42(1), 67-71. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2010.12.001

Nef, T., Bieri, R., Muri, R. M., & Mosimann, U. P. (2015). Non-illness-related factors contributing to traffic safety in older

drivers: a literature review. Exp Aging Res, 41(3), 325-360. doi:10.1080/0361073x.2015.1021650

Nef, T., Gruber, N., Zito, G. A., Nyffeler, T., Muri, R., & Mosimann, U. P. (2014). Development and evaluation of a new

instrument to measure visual exploration behavior. Med Eng Phys, 36(4), 490-495.

doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.09.011

Nelson, T. F., Isaac, N. E., Kennedy, B. P., & Graham, J. D. (1999). Factors associated with planned avoidance of

alcohol-impaired driving in high-risk men. J Stud Alcohol, 60(3), 407-412.

Nelson, T. M., Evelyn, B., & Taylor, R. (1992). Experimental intercomparisons of younger and older driver perceptions.

Int J Aging Hum Dev, 36(3), 239-253.

Neurology, A. A. o., Society, A. E., & America, E. F. o. (1994). Consensus statements, sample statutory provisions and

model regulations regarding driver licensing and epilepsy. Epilepsia, 35(3), 696 - 705.

Newgard, C. D. (2008). Defining the "older" crash victim: the relationship between age and serious injury in motor

vehicle crashes. Accid Anal Prev, 40(4), 1498-1505. doi:S0001-4575(08)00054-7 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2008.03.010

Nicaj, L., Wilt, S., & Henning, K. (2006). Motor vehicle crash pedestrian deaths in New York City: the plight of the older

pedestrian. Inj Prev, 12(6), 414-416. doi:12/6/414 [pii]

10.1136/ip.2005.010082 [doi]

Nielsen, L. M., Nielsen, S. L., Christensen, L. Q., Steentoft, A., & Worm, K. (1991). [Incidence of drugs and euphoretic

agents among motorists on the roads of Denmark. A possible relationship to traffic safety]. Ugeskr Laeger,

153(39), 2734-2737.

Nirkko, A. C., Bernasconi, C., von Allmen, A., Liechti, C., Mathis, J., & Krestel, H. (2016). Virtual car accidents of epilepsy

patients, interictal epileptic activity, and medication. Epilepsia, 57(5), 832-840. doi:10.1111/epi.13361

Nischler, C., Emesz, M., Hufnagl, C., Marvan, P., Hornykewycz, K., Stollinger, M., . . . Hitzl, W. (2005). [Driving habits of

patients with glaucoma]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 222(12), 1002-1007.

Nishida, Y. (1999). Driving characteristics of the elderly: risk compensation of the elderly driver from the viewpoint of

reaction behavior. JSAE Review, 20(3), 375-380.

North, R. V. (1985). The relationship between the extent of visual field and driving performance--a review. Ophthalmic

Physiol Opt, 5(2), 205-210.

Nouri, F. M., Tinson, D. J., & Lincoln, N. B. (1987). Cognitive ability and driving after stroke. Int Disabil Stud, 9(3),

110-115.

Noyes Jr, R. (1985). Motor Vehicle Accidents Related To Psychiatric Impairment. Psychosomatics, 26(7), 569-580.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-3182(85)72820-4

Nozawa, T., Taki, Y., Kanno, A., Akimoto, Y., Ihara, M., Yokoyama, R., . . . Kawashima, R. (2015). Effects of Different Types

of Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Brain Structure, and Driving Safety in Senior Daily Drivers: A

Pilot Study. Behav Neurol, 2015, 525901. doi:10.1155/2015/525901

Nume, A. K., Gislason, G., Christiansen, C. B., Zahir, D., Hlatky, M. A., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Ruwald, M. H. (2016).

Syncope and Motor Vehicle Crash Risk: A Danish Nationwide Study. JAMA Intern Med, 176(4), 503-510.

doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.8606

Nuñez, V. A., & Giddins, G. E. B. (2004). ‘Doctor, when can I drive?’: an update on the medico-legal aspects of driving

following an injury or operation. Injury, 35(9), 888-890. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2003.11.009

Nunn, T., Baird, C., Robertson, D., Gray, I., & Gregori, A. (2007). Fitness to drive in a below knee plaster? An evidence

based response. Injury, 38(11), 1305-1307. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2007.04.015

O’Neill, D. (2000). Safe mobility for older people. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 10(2), 181-191.

O’Neill, D. (2010). Deciding on driving cessation and transport planning in older drivers with dementia. European

Geriatric Medicine, 1(1), 22-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2010.01.001

O’Neill, D. (2012). Medical screening of older drivers is not evidence based. BMJ : British Medical Journal, 345.

doi:10.1136/bmj.e6371

O’Neill, D. (2015). Transport, driving and ageing. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 25(2), 147-158.

doi:10.1017/S095925981500009X

Oberstein, S. L., Boon, M. Y., Chu, B. S., & Wood, J. M. (2016). Views and practices of Australian optometrists regarding

driving for patients with central visual impairment. Clin Exp Optom, 99(5), 476-483. doi:10.1111/cxo.12398

O'Brien, F., Bible, J., Liu, D., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2017). Do Young Drivers Become Safer After Being Involved in a

Collision? Psychol Sci, 28(4), 407-413. doi:10.1177/0956797616688118

O'Brien, S. J. (1986). The controversy surrounding epilepsy and Driving: Areview. Public Health, 100(1), 21-27.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-3506(86)80082-8

O'Byrne, C., Naughton, A., & O’Neill, D. (2015). Is driver licensing restriction for age-related medical conditions an

effective mechanism to improve driver safety without unduly impairing mobility? European Geriatric

Medicine, 6(6), 541-544. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2015.08.008

O'Connor, M. L., Edwards, J. D., & Bannon, Y. (2013). Self-rated driving habits among older adults with

clinically-defined mild cognitive impairment, clinically-defined dementia, and normal cognition. Accid Anal

Prev, 61, 197-202. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.010

O'Connor, M. L., Edwards, J. D., Small, B. J., & Andel, R. (2011). Patterns of Level and Change in Self-Reported Driving

Behaviors Among Older Adults: Who Self-Regulates? J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci.

doi:10.1093/geronb/gbr122

O'Connor, M. L., Edwards, J. D., Wadley, V. G., & Crowe, M. (2010). Changes in mobility among older adults with

psychometrically defined mild cognitive impairment. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 65B(3), 306-316.

doi:gbq003 [pii]

10.1093/geronb/gbq003

Odenheimer, G. L. (1993). Dementia and the older driver. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 349-364.

Odenheimer, G. L. (2006). Driver safety in older adults. The physician's role in assessing driving skills of older patients.

Geriatrics, 61(10), 14-21.

Odenheimer, G. L., Beaudet, M., Jette, A. M., Albert, M. S., Grande, L., & Minaker, K. L. (1994). Performance-based

driving evaluation of the elderly driver: safety, reliability, and validity. J Gerontol, 49(4), M153-159.

Ogilvie, D., Mitchell, R., Mutrie, N., Petticrew, M., & Platt, S. (2006). Evaluating Health Effects of Transport Interventions:

Methodologic Case Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 31(2), 118-126.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2006.03.030

Ohberg, A., Penttila, A., & Lonnqvist, J. (1997). Driver suicides. Br J Psychiatry, 171, 468-472.

Ojaniemi, K. K., Lintonen, T. P., Impinen, A. O., Lillsunde, P. M., & Ostamo, A. I. (2009). Trends in driving under the

influence of drugs: a register-based study of DUID suspects during 1977-2007. Accid Anal Prev, 41(1),

191-196. doi:S0001-4575(08)00213-3 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2008.10.011

Okonkwo, O. C., Crowe, M., Wadley, V. G., & Ball, K. (2008). Visual attention and self-regulation of driving among older

adults. Int Psychogeriatr, 20(1), 162-173. doi:S104161020700539X [pii]

10.1017/S104161020700539X [doi]

Older Drivers Task Force. (2018). Supporting safe driving into old age: A national older driver strategy. Retrieved from

London

Olkkonen, S., & Honkanen, R. (1990). The role of alcohol in nonfatal bicycle injuries. Accident Analysis & Prevention,

22(1), 89-96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(90)90010-I

Olszewski, K., & Wolf, D. (2013). Obstructive sleep apnea among commercial motor vehicle drivers: using

evidence-based practice to identify risk factors. Workplace Health Saf, 61(11), 479-485.

doi:10.3928/21650799-20131016-03

10.1177/216507991306101104

Omer, S., Dolan, C., Dimitrov, B. D., Langan, C., & McCarthy, G. (2014). General practitioners' opinions and attitudes

towards medical assessment of fitness to drive of older adults in Ireland. Australas J Ageing, 33(3), E33-36.

doi:10.1111/ajag.12045

Ondo, W. G., Dat Vuong, K., Khan, H., Atassi, F., Kwak, C., & Jankovic, J. (2001). Daytime sleepiness and other sleep

disorders in Parkinson's disease. Neurology, 57(8), 1392-1396.

O'Neill, D. (1992). Physicians, elderly drivers, and dementia. Lancet, 339(8784), 41-43.

O'Neill, D. (1996). The older driver. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 6(3), 295-302. doi:10.1017/S0959259800004792

O'Neill, D. (2007). Driving and dementia. Cmaj, 176(3), 351.

O'Neill, D. (2011). The art of the demographic dividend. The Lancet, 377(9780), 1828-1829.

O'Neill, D. (2012). More mad and more wise. Accid Anal Prev, 49, 263-265. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.01.010

O'Neill, D. (2015). Transport, driving and ageing. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 25(2), 147-158.

doi:10.1017/S095925981500009X

O'Neill, D., Crosby, T., Shaw, A., Haigh, R., & Hendra, T. (1994). Fitness to drive and the older patient: awareness among

hospital physicians. The Lancet, 344(8933), 1366-1367. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90726-9

O'Neill, D., Neubauer, K., Boyle, M., Gerrard, J., Surmon, D., & Wilcock, G. K. (1992). Dementia and driving. J R Soc Med,

85(4), 199-202.

Orriols, L., Philip, P., Moore, N., Castot, A., Gadegbeku, B., Delorme, B., . . . Lagarde, E. (2011). Benzodiazepine-like

hypnotics and the associated risk of road traffic accidents. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 89(4), 595-601.

doi:10.1038/clpt.2011.3

Osawa, M., Nagasawa, T., Yukawa, N., Nakajima, Y., Seto, Y., Ohki, T., . . . Takeichi, S. (1998). Sudden natural death in

driving: case studies in the western area of Kanagawa. Nippon Hoigaku Zasshi, 52(5), 315-318.

Ostrom, M., & Eriksson, A. (1987). Natural death while driving. J Forensic Sci, 32(4), 988-998.

Ostrow, A. C., Shaffron, P., & McPherson, K. (1992). The effects of a joint range-of-motion physical fitness training

program on the automobile driving skills of older adults. J Safety Res, 23(4), 207-219.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4375(92)90003-R

Ott, B. R., Anthony, D., Papandonatos, G. D., D'Abreu, A., Burock, J., Curtin, A., . . . Morris, J. C. (2005). Clinician

assessment of the driving competence of patients with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc, 53(5), 829-833.

Ott, B. R., Davis, J. D., Papandonatos, G. D., Hewitt, S., Festa, E. K., Heindel, W. C., . . . Carr, D. B. (2013). Assessment of

driving-related skills prediction of unsafe driving in older adults in the office setting. J Am Geriatr Soc, 61(7),

1164-1169. doi:10.1111/jgs.12306

Ott, B. R., Festa, E. K., Amick, M. M., Grace, J., Davis, J. D., & Heindel, W. C. (2008). Computerized maze navigation and

on-road performance by drivers with dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 21(1), 18-25.

doi:0891988707311031 [pii]

10.1177/0891988707311031

Ott, B. R., Heindel, W. C., Papandonatos, G. D., Festa, E. K., Davis, J. D., Daiello, L. A., & Morris, J. C. (2008). A

longitudinal study of drivers with Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 70(14), 1171-1178.

doi:01.wnl.0000294469.27156.30 [pii]

10.1212/01.wnl.0000294469.27156.30 [doi]

Ott, B. R., Heindel, W. C., Whelihan, W. M., Caron, M. D., Piatt, A. L., & DiCarlo, M. A. (2003). Maze test performance

and reported driving ability in early dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 16(3), 151-155.

Ott, B. R., Heindel, W. C., Whelihan, W. M., Caron, M. D., Piatt, A. L., & Noto, R. B. (2000). A single-photon emission

computed tomography imaging study of driving impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Dement

Geriatr Cogn Disord, 11(3), 153-160.

Ott, B. R., Papandonatos, G. D., Davis, J. D., & Barco, P. P. (2012). Naturalistic validation of an on-road driving test of

older drivers. Hum Factors, 54(4), 663-674.

Otto, J., Finley, K., & Ward, N. (2016). An assessment of traffic safety culture related to driving after cannabis use.

Retrieved from

Ovenseri-Ogomo, G., & Adofo, M. (2011). Poor vision, refractive errors and barriers to treatment among commercial

vehicle drivers in the Cape Coast municipality. Afr Health Sci, 11(1), 97-102.

Owen, V. M., Crabb, D. P., White, E. T., Viswanathan, A. C., Garway-Heath, D. F., & Hitchings, R. A. (2008). Glaucoma and

fitness to drive: using binocular visual fields to predict a milestone to blindness. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,

49(6), 2449-2455. doi:49/6/2449 [pii]

10.1167/iovs.07-0877 [doi]

Owens, D. A., Wood, J. M., & Owens, J. M. (2007). Effects of age and illumination on night driving: a road test. Hum

Factors, 49(6), 1115-1131.

Owsley, C. (1994). Vision and driving in the elderly. Optom Vis Sci, 71(12), 727-735.

Owsley, C., & Ball, K. (1993). Assessing visual function in the older driver. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 389-401.

Owsley, C., Ball, K., McGwin, G., Jr., Sloane, M. E., Roenker, D. L., White, M. F., & Overley, E. T. (1998). Visual processing

impairment and risk of motor vehicle crash among older adults. Jama, 279(14), 1083-1088.

Owsley, C., Ball, K., Sloane, M. E., Roenker, D. L., & Bruni, J. R. (1991). Visual/cognitive correlates of vehicle accidents in

older drivers. Psychol Aging, 6(3), 403-415.

Owsley, C., McGwin, G., Jr., & Ball, K. (1998). Vision impairment, eye disease, and injurious motor vehicle crashes in the

elderly. Ophthalmic Epidemiol, 5(2), 101-113.

Owsley, C., McGwin, G., & McNeal, S. F. (2003). Impact of impulsiveness, venturesomeness, and empathy on driving by

older adults. Journal of Safety Research

Senior Transportation Safety and Mobility, 34(4), 353-359.

Owsley, C., McGwin, G., Jr., Phillips, J. M., McNeal, S. F., & Stalvey, B. T. (2004). Impact of an educational program on

the safety of high-risk, visually impaired, older drivers. Am J Prev Med, 26(3), 222-229.

Owsley, C., McGwin, G., Jr., Sloane, M., Wells, J., Stalvey, B. T., & Gauthreaux, S. (2002). Impact of cataract surgery on

motor vehicle crash involvement by older adults. Jama, 288(7), 841-849.

Owsley, C., & McGwin Jr, G. (1999). Vision Impairment and Driving. Survey of Ophthalmology, 43(6), 535-550.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6257(99)00035-1

Owsley, C., & McGwin Jr, G. (2010). Vision and driving. Vision Research, 50(23), 2348-2361.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2010.05.021

Owsley, C., Stalvey, B., Wells, J., & Sloane, M. E. (1999). Older drivers and cataract: driving habits and crash risk. J

Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 54(4), M203-211.

Owsley, C., Stalvey, B. T., & Phillips, J. M. (2003). The efficacy of an educational intervention in promoting

self-regulation among high-risk older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35(3), 393-400.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(02)00016-7

Owsley, C., Wood, J. M., & McGwin, G., Jr. (2015). A roadmap for interpreting the literature on vision and driving.

Survey of Ophthalmology, 60(3), 250-262. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.01.005

Oxley, J., Fildes, B., Corben, B., & Langford, J. (2006). Intersection design for older drivers. Transportation Research Part

F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Older drivers' safety and mobility: Current and future issues, 9(5), 335-346.

Oxley, J., Langford, J., & Charlton, J. (2010). The safe mobility of older drivers: a challenge for urban road designers.

Journal of Transport Geography, 18(5), 642-648. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.04.005

Oxley, J., & Whelan, M. (2008). It cannot be all about safety: the benefits of prolonged mobility. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4),

367-378. doi:901526667 [pii]

10.1080/15389580801895285

Oxley, J. A., Charlton, J. L., Koppel, S. N., Scully, J., & Fildes, B. N. (2005). Crash risk of older female drivers--contributing

factors. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med, 49, 345-360.

Ozuna, J. (1993). Ethical dilemmas in epilepsy and driving. Journal of Epilepsy, 6(3), 185-188.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6974(05)80088-X

Paetkau, M. E., Taerum, T., & Hiebert, T. (1988). Prevalence of illegal motor vehicle driving among visually impaired

elderly patients in Alberta. Can J Ophthalmol, 23(7), 301-304.

Palmer, B. W., Heaton, R. K., Gladsjo, J. A., Evans, J. D., Patterson, T. L., Golshan, S., & Jeste, D. V. (2002). Heterogeneity

in functional status among older outpatients with schizophrenia: employment history, living situation, and

driving. Schizophr Res, 55(3), 205-215.

Panek, P. E., Barrett, G. V., Sterns, H. L., & Alexander, R. A. (1977). A review of age changes in perceptual information

processing ability with regard to driving. Exp Aging Res, 3(4-6), 387-449.

Papa, M., Boccardi, V., Prestano, R., Angellotti, E., Desiderio, M., Marano, L., . . . Paolisso, G. (2014). Comorbidities and

crash involvement among younger and older drivers. PLoS One, 9(4), e94564.

Papadelis, C., Chen, Z., Kourtidou-Papadeli, C., Bamidis, P. D., Chouvarda, I., Bekiaris, E., & Maglaveras, N. (2007).

Monitoring sleepiness with on-board electrophysiological recordings for preventing sleep-deprived traffic

accidents. Clinical Neurophysiology, 118(9), 1906-1922. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.031

Papageorgiou, E., Hardiess, G., Ackermann, H., Wiethoelter, H., Dietz, K., Mallot, H. A., & Schiefer, U. (2012). Collision

avoidance in persons with homonymous visual field defects under virtual reality conditions. Vision Res, 52(1),

20-30. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.10.019

Papageorgiou, E., Hardiess, G., Schaeffel, F., Wiethoelter, H., Karnath, H. O., Mallot, H., . . . Schiefer, U. (2007).

Assessment of vision-related quality of life in patients with homonymous visual field defects. Graefes Arch

Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 245(12), 1749-1758. doi:10.1007/s00417-007-0644-z [doi]

Papandonatos, G. D., Ott, B. R., Davis, J. D., Barco, P. P., & Carr, D. B. (2015). Clinical Utility of the Trail-Making Test as a

Predictor of Driving Performance in Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 63(11), 2358-2364. doi:10.1111/jgs.13776

Parasuraman, R., & Nestor, P. (1993). Attention and driving. Assessment in elderly individuals with dementia. Clin

Geriatr Med, 9(2), 377-387.

Parasuraman, R., & Nestor, P. G. (1991). Attention and driving skills in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Hum Factors,

33(5), 539-557.

Parisi, J. L., Bell, R. A., & Yassein, H. (1991). Homonymous hemianopic field defects and driving in Canada. Can J

Ophthalmol, 26(5), 252-256.

Park, S.-W., Choi, E. S., Lim, M. H., Kim, E. J., Hwang, S. I., Choi, K.-I., . . . Jung, H.-E. (2011). Association Between Unsafe

Driving Performance and Cognitive-Perceptual Dysfunction in Older Drivers. PM&R, 3(3), 198-203.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.12.008

Park, W. L., Unatin, J., & Park, J. M. (1995). A profile of the demographics, training and driving history of telescopic

drivers in the state of Michigan. J Am Optom Assoc, 66(5), 274-280.

Parker, D., McDonald, L., Rabbitt, P., & Sutcliffe, P. (2003). Older drivers and road safety: the acceptability of a range of

intervention measures. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35(5), 805-810.

Parker, R. N., Saltz, R. F., & Hennessy, M. (1994). The impact of alcohol beverage container warning labels on alcohol-

impaired drivers, drinking drivers and the general population in northern California. Addiction, 89(12),

1639-1651.

Parry, W. R. (2009). Road traffic accident fatalities: 1961 to 1986. J Clin Pathol, 62(6), 561-563. doi:62/6/561 [pii]

10.1136/jcp.2009.065318

Parsons, M. (1986). Fits and other causes of loss of consciousness while driving. Q J Med, 58(227), 295-303.

Partinen, M., Huutoniemi, A., Kajaste, S., Lagerstedt, R., Markkula, J., Makinen, E., . . . Tuunainen, A. (2016). [Update on

Current Care Guideline: Insomnia]. Duodecim, 132(3), 277-278.

Patomella, A. H., Johansson, K., & Tham, K. (2009). Lived experience of driving ability following stroke. Disabil Rehabil,

31(9), 726-733. doi:904723906 [pii]

10.1080/09638280802306539

Pauley, T., Phadke, C. P., Kassam, A., Ismail, F., Boulias, C., & Devlin, M. (2015). The influence of a concurrent cognitive

task on lower limb reaction time among stroke survivors with right- or left-hemiplegia. Top Stroke Rehabil,

22(5), 342-348. doi:10.1179/1074935714z.0000000041

Pavlou, D., Beratis, I., Fragkiadaki, S., Kontaxopoulou, D., Yannis, G., Economou, A., & Papageorgiou, S. (2017). Which

are the critical parameters assessing the driving performance of drivers with cerebral diseases? A literature

review. Transportation Research Procedia, 25, 4342-4358. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.300

Pavlou, D., Beratis, I., Papadimitriou, E., Antoniou, C., Yannis, G., & Papageorgiou, S. (2016). Which Are the Critical

Measures to Assess the Driving Performance of Drivers with Brain Pathologies? Transportation Research

Procedia, 14, 4393-4402. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.361

Pavlou, D., Papadimitriou, E., Antoniou, C., Papantoniou, P., Yannis, G., Golias, J., & Papageorgiou, S. G. (2017).

Comparative assessment of the behaviour of drivers with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer’s disease

in different road and traffic conditions. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 47,

122-131. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2017.04.019

Pavlou, D., Papantoniou, P., Papadimitriou, E., Vardaki, S., Economou, A., Yannis, G., & Papageorgiou, S. G. (2017).

Self-assessment of older drivers with brain pathologies: reported habits and self-regulation of driving.

Journal of Transport & Health, 4, 90-98. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2016.08.008

Pearson, A. R., Tanner, V., Keightley, S. J., & Casswell, A. G. (1998). What effect does laser photocoagulation have on

driving visual fields in diabetics? Eye, 12(( Pt 1)), 64-68.

Peel, C., Sawyer Baker, P., Roth, D. L., Brown, C. J., Brodner, E. V., & Allman, R. M. (2005). Assessing mobility in older

adults: the UAB Study of Aging Life-Space Assessment. Phys Ther, 85(10), 1008-1119.

Peel, N., Westmoreland, J., & Steinberg, M. (2002). Transport safety for older people: a study of their experiences,

perceptions and management needs. Inj Control Saf Promot, 9(1), 19-24.

Peeters, S., Hoek, A., Molink, S., & Huff, J. (2014). Syncope: Risk stratification and clinical decision making. Emerg Med

Pract., 16(4), 1-122.

Peeters, S. Y., Hoek, A. E., Mollink, S. M., & Huff, J. S. (2014). Syncope: risk stratification and clinical decision making.

Emerg Med Pract, 16(4), 1-22; quiz 22-23.

Pellerito, J. M., Jr., & Davis, E. S. (2005). Screening driving and community mobility status: a critical link to participation

and productive living. 10(5) , p. 9-14.

Pentzek, M., Michel, J. V., Ufert, M., Vollmar, H. C., Wilm, S., & Leve, V. (2015). [Fitness to drive in dementia - theoretical

framing and design of a recommendation for German general practice]. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes,

109(2), 115-123. doi:10.1016/j.zefq.2015.03.005

Perez-Moreno, E., Hernandez-Lloreda, M. J., Gallego-Largo, T. R., & Castellanos, M. A. (2015). Impulsive Driving:

Definition and Measurement Using the I-Driving Scale (IDS). Span J Psychol, 18, E93. doi:10.1017/sjp.2015.98

Perkinson, M. A., Berg-Weger, M. L., Carr, D. B., Meuser, T. M., Palmer, J. L., Buckles, V. D., . . . Morris, J. C. (2005).

Driving and dementia of the Alzheimer type: beliefs and cessation strategies among stakeholders.

Gerontologist, 45(5), 676-685.

Perrissol, S., Smeding, A., Laumond, F., & Le Floch, V. (2011). Effect of a road safety training program on drivers'

comparative optimism. Accid Anal Prev, 43(1), 478-482. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2010.08.023

Perryman, K. M., & Fitten, L. J. (1996). Effects of normal aging on the performance of motor-vehicle operational skills. J

Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 9(3), 136-141.

Persson, D. (1993). The elderly driver: deciding when to stop. Gerontologist, 33(1), 88-91.

Pfaffli, M., Thali, M. J., & Eggert, S. (2012). Physicians' knowledge and continuing medical education regarding fitness

to drive: a questionnaire-based survey in Southeast Switzerland. Int J Legal Med, 126(3), 357-362.

doi:10.1007/s00414-011-0637-7

Phemister, J. C. (1961). EPILEPSY AND CAR-DRIVING. The Lancet, 277(7189), 1276-1277.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(61)92782-9

Philip, P., Ghorayeb, I., Stoohs, R., Menny, J. C., Dabadie, P., Bioulac, B., & Guilleminault, C. (1996). Determinants of

sleepiness in automobile drivers. J Psychosom Res, 41(3), 279-288.

Philip, P., Micoulaud-Franchi, J. A., Lagarde, E., Taillard, J., Canel, A., Sagaspe, P., & Bioulac, S. (2015). Attention Deficit

Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms, Sleepiness and Accidental Risk in 36140 Regularly Registered Highway

Drivers. PLoS One, 10(9), e0138004. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138004

Phillips, D. P., & Brewer, K. M. (2011). The relationship between serious injury and blood alcohol concentration (BAC)

in fatal motor vehicle accidents: BAC = 0.01% is associated with significantly more dangerous accidents than

BAC = 0.00%. Addiction, 106(9), 1614-1622. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03472.x

Physicians, R. C. o. (1986). Physical disability in 1986 and beyond. A report of the Royal College of Physicians. J R Coll

Physicians Lond, 20(3), 160-194.

Piersma, D., de Waard, D., Davidse, R., Tucha, O., & Brouwer, W. (2016). Car drivers with dementia: Different

complications due to different etiologies? Traffic Inj Prev, 17(1), 9-23. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1038786

Piersma, D., Fuermaier, A. B., de Waard, D., Davidse, R. J., de Groot, J., Doumen, M. J., . . . Tucha, O. (2016). Prediction of

Fitness to Drive in Patients with Alzheimer's Dementia. PLoS One, 11(2), e0149566.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149566

Pinchi, V., Norelli, G. A., & Bartolini, V. (2014). Ethical implications of Italian legislation on 'epilepsy and driving'. J Med

Ethics, 40(8), 552-557. doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100863

Piper, H. F., & Heide, W. (1995). [Congenital nystagmus in the ophthalmologic automobile driving fitness verdict]. Klin

Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 207(2), 123-129.

Pizza, F., Contardi, S., Ferlisi, M., Mondini, S., & Cirignotta, F. (2008). Daytime driving simulation performance and

sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnoea patients. Accid Anal Prev, 40(2), 602-609. doi:S0001-4575(07)00145-5

[pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2007.08.014 [doi]

Pizza, F., Contardi, S., Mondini, S., Trentin, L., & Cirignotta, F. (2009). Daytime sleepiness and driving performance in

patients with obstructive sleep apnea: comparison of the MSLT, the MWT, and a simulated driving task.

Sleep, 32(3), 382-391.

Pizza, F., Jaussent, I., Lopez, R., Pesenti, C., Plazzi, G., Drouot, X., . . . Dauvilliers, Y. (2015). Car Crashes and Central

Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study. PLoS One, 10(6), e0129386.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0129386

Plueckhahn, V. D. (1978). Alcohol and road safety: Geelong experience 1967 to 1978. Med J Aust, 2(14), 615-616, 625.

Pohlmann, S., & Traenkle, U. (1994). Orientation in road traffic. Age-related differences using an in- vehicle navigation

system and a conventional map. Accid Anal Prev, 26(6), 689-702.

Pointer, J. S. (2007). Poor recognition of the UK minimum driving vision standard by motorists attending optometric

practice. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 27(3), 238-244.

Polders, E., Brijs, T., Vlahogianni, E., Papadimitriou, E., Yannis, G., Leopole, F., . . . Diamandouros, K. (2014). ElderSafe:

Risks and countermeasures for road traffic of elderly in Europe (No Move/C4/2014-244). Retrieved from

Brussels:

Polychronopoulos, P., Argyriou, A. A., Huliara, V., Sirrou, V., Gourzis, P., & Chroni, E. (2006). Factors associated with

poor compliance of patients with epilepsy driving restrictions. Neurology, 67(5), 869-871.

Ponds, R. W., Brouwer, W. H., & van Wolffelaar, P. C. (1988). Age differences in divided attention in a simulated driving

task. J Gerontol, 43(6), 151-156.

Ponsford, A. S., Viitanen, M., Lundberg, C., & Johansson, K. (2008). Assessment of driving after stroke—A

pluridisciplinary task. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40(2), 452-460.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2007.07.015

Poole, D., Chaudry, F., & Jay, W. M. (2008). Stroke and driving. Top Stroke Rehabil, 15(1), 37-41.

doi:424N4P134Q57628Q [pii]

10.1310/tsr1501-37 [doi]

Popkin, C. L. (1991). Drinking and driving by young females. Accid Anal Prev, 23(1), 37-44.

Porter, M. M. (2013). Older driver training using video and global positioning system technology--a randomized

controlled trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 68(5), 574-580. doi:10.1093/gerona/gls160

Porter, M. M., Smith, G. A., Cull, A. W., Myers, A. M., Bedard, M., Gelinas, I., . . . Vrkljan, B. H. (2015). Older driver

estimates of driving exposure compared to in-vehicle data in the Candrive II study. Traffic Inj Prev, 16(1),

24-27. doi:10.1080/15389588.2014.894995

Porter, M. M., & Tuokko, H. A. (2011). An evaluation of the roadwise review: a mixed methods approach. Traffic Inj

Prev, 12(5), 451-458. doi:10.1080/15389588.2011.601371

Porter, M. M., & Whitton, M. J. (2002). Assessment of driving with the global positioning system and video technology

in young, middle-aged, and older drivers. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 57(9), M578-582.

Posner, S. F., & Marin, G. (1996). Expectancies for driving under the influence of alcohol among Hispanics and

non-Hispanic Whites. Subst Use Misuse, 31(4), 409-421.

Potter, P. C., Schepers, J. M., & Van Niekerk, C. H. (2003). The effects of fexofenadine on reaction time,

decision-making, and driver behavior. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 91(2), 177-181.

Potvin, L., Guibert, R., & Loiselle, J. (1993). Cardiovascular diseases and traffic accidents: Weighing the evidence. J

Safety Res, 24(4), 233-241. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4375(93)80004-U

Prada Perez, R., del Rio Gracia, M. C., & Alvarez Gonzalez, F. J. (1995). [The presence of pathological processes among

spanish drivers: its relevance to road safety]. Rev Esp Salud Publica, 69(6), 499-508.

Prasad, R. S., Hunter, J., & Hanley, J. (2006). Driving experiences of disabled drivers. Clin Rehabil, 20(5), 445-450.

Prasal, M., Poleszak, K., Kutarski, A., & Markiewicz, M. (1990). [Arrhythmias during automobile driving in patients after

acute myocardial infarction]. Wiad Lek, 43(11), 473-476.

Preece, M. H., Horswill, M. S., & Ownsworth, T. (2016). Do self-reported concussions have cumulative or enduring

effects on drivers' anticipation of traffic hazards? Brain Inj, 30(9), 1096-1102.

doi:10.3109/02699052.2016.1165868

Pridmore, S., Varbanov, S., & Sale, I. (2017). Suicide and murder-suicide involving automobiles. Australas Psychiatry,

25(1), 32-34. doi:10.1177/1039856216658830

Prince, M., Bryce, R., Albanese, E., Wimo, A., Ribeiro, W., & Ferri, C. P. The global prevalence of dementia: A systematic

review and metaanalysis. Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 9(1), 63-75.e62.

doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2012.11.007

Prokopcthuk, N. N., Skrebtsova, N. V., Popov, V. V., Kotlov, A. P., Tiul'nev, V. G., & Sinitskaya, E. Y. (2015).

[cardiovascular system and cognitive disorders in male drivers]. Med Tr Prom Ekol(6), 34-38.

Pucher, J., Komanoff, C., & Schimek, P. (1999). Bicycling renaissance in North America?: Recent trends and alternative

policies to promote bicycling. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 33(7–8), 625-654.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965-8564(99)00010-5

Pullen, R. (1995). [Dementia and automobile driving capacity]. Versicherungsmedizin, 47(3), 99-100.

Pullen, R. (1999). [Psychotropic drugs and automobile driving ability of elderly patients]. Versicherungsmedizin, 51(2),

71-74.

Punia, V., Farooque, P., Chen, W., Hirsch, L. J., Berg, A. T., & Blumenfeld, H. (2015). Epileptic auras and their role in

driving safety in people with epilepsy. Epilepsia, 56(11), e182-185. doi:10.1111/epi.13189

Quattrini, A., Paggi, A., Ortenzi, A., Recchioni, M. A., Di Bella, P., & Forastieri, L. (1980). [The driving license and epilepsy

(author's transl)]. Riv Patol Nerv Ment, 101(1), 29-39.

Quillian, W. C., Cox, D. J., Kovatchev, B. P., & Phillips, C. (1999). The effects of age and alcohol intoxication on

simulated driving performance, awareness and self-restraint. Age Ageing, 28(1), 59-66.

Radford, K., Lincoln, N., & Lennox, G. (2004). The effects of cognitive abilities on driving in people with Parkinson's

disease. Disabil Rehabil, 26(2), 65-70.

Radford, K. A., & Lincoln, N. B. (2004). Concurrent validity of the stroke drivers screening assessment. Arch Phys Med

Rehabil, 85(2), 324-328.

Radford, K. A., Lincoln, N. B., & Murray-Leslie, C. (2004). Validation of the stroke drivers screening assessment for

people with traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj, 18(8), 775-786.

Radun, I., Ohisalo, J., Radun, J., Wahde, M., & Kecklund, G. (2013). Driver fatigue and the law from the perspective of

police officers and prosecutors. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 18,

159-167. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2013.01.001

Radun, I., & Summala, H. (2004). Sleep-related fatal vehicle accidents: characteristics of decisions made by

multidisciplinary investigation teams. Sleep, 27(2), 224-227.

Rae, S., Latham, K., & Katsou, M. F. (2015). Distance word acuity, critical print size and driving vision standards. Clin Exp

Optom, 98(5), 459-463. doi:10.1111/cxo.12292

Rae, S., Latham, K., & Katsou, M. F. (2016). Meeting the UK driving vision standards with reduced contrast sensitivity.

Eye (Lond), 30(1), 89-94. doi:10.1038/eye.2015.188

Raes, E., Pil, K., & Verstraete, A. G. (2009). The modern trends in alcohol, drugs and driving research. Forensic Science

International Supplement Series, 1(1), 11-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.07.004

Rafaely, V., Meyer, J., Zilberman-Sandler, I., & Viener, S. (2006). Perception of traffic risks for older and younger adults.

Accid Anal Prev.

Raffle, P. A. (1977). The contribution of medical surveillance to road safety. Proc R Soc Med, 70(4), 240-243.

Ragland, D. R., Satariano, W. A., & MacLeod, K. E. (2004). Reasons given by older people for limitation or avoidance of

driving. Gerontologist, 44(2), 237-244.

Raitanen, T., Tormakangas, T., Mollenkopf, H., & Marcellini, F. (2003). Why do older drivers reduce driving? Findings

from three European countries. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 6(2), 81-95.

Ramaekers, J. G. (2003). Antidepressants and driver impairment: empirical evidence from a standard on-the-road test.

J Clin Psychiatry, 64(1), 20-29.

Ramaekers, J. G., Ansseau, M., Muntjewerff, N. D., Sweens, J. P., & O'Hanlon, J. F. (1997). Considering the P450

cytochrome system as determining combined effects of antidepressants and benzodiazepines on actual

driving performance of depressed outpatients. Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 12(3), 159-169.

Ramstedt, M. (2008). Alcohol and fatal accidents in the United States--a time series analysis for 1950-2002. Accid Anal

Prev, 40(4), 1273-1281. doi:S0001-4575(08)00017-1 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2008.01.008

Ramulu, P. Y., West, S. K., Munoz, B., Jampel, H. D., & Friedman, D. S. (2009). Driving cessation and driving limitation in

glaucoma: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project. Ophthalmology, 116(10), 1846-1853.

doi:S0161-6420(09)00297-8 [pii]

10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.03.033

Ranchet, M., Akinwuntan, A. E., Tant, M., Neal, E., & Devos, H. (2015). Agreement Between Physician's

Recommendation and Fitness-to-Drive Decision in Multiple Sclerosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and

Rehabilitation, 96(10), 1840-1844. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2015.06.010

Ranchet, M., Akinwuntan, A. E., Tant, M., Salch, A., Neal, E., & Devos, H. (2016). Fitness-to-drive agreements after

stroke: medical versus practical recommendations. Eur J Neurol, 23(9), 1408-1414. doi:10.1111/ene.13050

Ranchet, M., Broussolle, E., & Paire-Ficout, L. (2016). Longitudinal Executive Changes in Drivers with Parkinson's

Disease: Study Using Neuropsychological and Driving Simulator Tasks. Eur Neurol, 76(3-4), 143-150.

doi:10.1159/000448992

Ranchet, M., Broussolle, E., Poisson, A., & Paire-Ficout, L. (2012). Relationships between cognitive functions and driving

behavior in Parkinson's disease. Eur Neurol, 68(2), 98-107. doi:10.1159/000338264

Ranchet, M., Morgan, J. C., Akinwuntan, A. E., & Devos, H. (2017). Cognitive workload across the spectrum of cognitive

impairments: A systematic review of physiological measures. Neurosci Biobehav Rev.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.001

Ranchet, M., Orlosky, J., Morgan, J., Qadir, S., Akinwuntan, A. E., & Devos, H. (2017). Pupillary response to cognitive

workload during saccadic tasks in Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res, 327, 162-166.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.043

Ranchet, M., Paire-Ficout, L., Marin-Lamellet, C., Laurent, B., & Broussolle, E. (2011). Impaired updating ability in drivers

with Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 82(2), 218-223. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2009.203166

Ranchet, M., Paire-Ficout, L., Uc, E. Y., Bonnard, A., Sornette, D., & Broussolle, E. (2013). Impact of specific executive

functions on driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord, 28(14), 1941-1948.

doi:10.1002/mds.25660

Ranchet, M., Tant, M., Akinwuntan, A. E., Morgan, J. C., & Devos, H. (2016). Fitness-to-drive Disagreements in

Individuals With Dementia. Gerontologist. doi:10.1093/geront/gnw119

Ranchet, M., Tant, M., Akinwuntan, A. E., Neal, E., & Devos, H. (2016). Comorbidity in Drivers with Parkinson's Disease. J

Am Geriatr Soc, 64(2), 342-346. doi:10.1111/jgs.13942

Ranney, T. A. (1994). Models of driving behavior: a review of their evolution. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 26(6),

733-750.

Ranson, D. (2007). Medico-legal issues and driver licensing. J Law Med, 15(2), 198-200.

Rapoport, M., Zagorski, B., Sietz, D., Herrmann, N., Molnar, F., & Redelmeier, D. A. (2011). At-fault motor vehicle crash

risk in elderly patients treated with antidepressants. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 998 - 1006.

Rapoport, M. J., Naglie, G., Herrmann, N., Zucchero Sarracini, C., Mulsant, B. H., Frank, C., . . . Molnar, F. (2014).

Developing Physician Consensus on the Reporting of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild

Dementia to Transportation Authorities in a Region with Mandatory Reporting Legislation. The American

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(12), 1530-1543. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2013.12.002

Rapoport, M. J., Naglie, G., Weegar, K., Myers, A., Cameron, D., Crizzle, A., . . . Marshall, S. (2013). The relationship

between cognitive performance, perceptions of driving comfort and abilities, and self-reported driving

restrictions among healthy older drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 61, 288-295. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.03.030

Rapoport, M. J., Weegar, K., Kadulina, Y., Bédard, M., Carr, D., Charlton, J. L., . . . Marshall, S. (2015). An international

study of the quality of national-level guidelines on driving with medical illness. QJM: An International Journal

of Medicine, 108(11), 859-869. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcv038

Rappoport, M., Chee, J., Carr, D., Molnar, F., Naglie, G., Dow, J., . . . O'Neill, D. (2018). An international approach to

enhancing a national guideline on driving and dementia. Curr Psychiatry Rep, 20(16).

doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-018-0879-x

Rapport, L. J., Bryer, R. C., & Hanks, R. A. (2008). Driving and community integration after traumatic brain injury. Arch

Phys Med Rehabil, 89(5), 922-930. doi:S0003-9993(08)00110-X [pii]

10.1016/j.apmr.2008.01.009 [doi]

Rapport, L. J., Hanks, R. A., & Bryer, R. C. (2006). Barriers to driving and community integration after traumatic brain

injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil, 21(1), 34-44.

Rassow, B. (1999). [Effect of luminance on contrast sensitivity and glare in the mesopic range (see comments)]. Klin

Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 214(6), 401-406.

Ratzon, N. Z., Lunievsky, E. K., Ashkenasi, A., Laks, J., & Cohen, H. A. (2017). Simulated Driving Skills Evaluation of

Teenagers With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Before Driving Lessons. Am J Occup Ther, 71(3),

7103220010p7103220011-7103220010p7103220018. doi:10.5014/ajot.2017.020164

Ravera, S., Ramaekers, J. G., de Jong-van den Berg, L. T. W., & de Gier, J. J. (2012). Are Selective Serotonin Reuptake

Inhibitors Safe for Drivers? What is the Evidence? Clinical Therapeutics, 34(5), 1070-1083.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.04.002

Ray, W. A. (1997). Safety and mobility of the older driver: a research challenge. Jama, 278(1), 66-67.

Ray, W. A., Gurwitz, J., Decker, M. D., & Kennedy, D. L. (1992). Medications and the safety of the older driver: is there a

basis for concern? Hum Factors, 34(1), 33-47; discussion 49-51.

Ray, W. A., Thapa, P. B., & Shorr, R. I. (1993). Medications and the older driver. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 413-438.

Rebergen, D. S., Bruinvels, D. J., Bos, C. M., van der Beek, A. J., & van Mechelen, W. (2010). Return to work and

occupational physicians’ management of common mental health problems – process evaluation of a

randomized controlled trial. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health(6), 488-498.

doi:10.5271/sjweh.3084

Rebok, G. W., Bylsma, F. W., Keyl, P. M., Brandt, J., & Folstein, S. E. (1995). Automobile driving in Huntington's disease.

Mov Disord, 10(6), 778-787.

Rebok, G. W., Keyl, P. M., Bylsma, F. W., Blaustein, M. J., & Tune, L. (1994). The effects of Alzheimer disease on

driving-related abilities. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 8(4), 228-240.

Redelmeier, D. A., Yarnell, C. J., Thiruchelvam, D., & Tibshirani , R. J. (2012). Physicians' Warnings for Unfit Drivers and

the Risk of Trauma from Road Crashes. New England Journal of Medicine, 367(13), 1228-1236.

doi:10.1056/NEJMsa1114310

Redelmeier, D. A., Zung, J. D., Thiruchelvam, D., & Tibshirani, R. J. (2015). Fibromyalgia and the Risk of a Subsequent

Motor Vehicle Crash. J Rheumatol, 42(8), 1502-1510. doi:10.3899/jrheum.141315

Redondo-Calderon, J. L., de Luna-del-Castillo, J., Jimenez-Moleon, J. J., Garcia-Martin, M., Lardelli-Claret, P., &

Galvez-Vargas, R. (2001). Application of the induced exposure method to compare risks of traffic crashes

among different types of drivers under different environmental conditions. Am J Epidemiol, 153(9), 882-891.

Rees, J., McKenna, P., Bell, V., & Skucek, E. (2007). The Rookwood Driving Battery: Normative older adult performance.

Br J Clin Psychol. doi:10.1348/014466507X236042 [doi]

Rees, J., McKenna, P., Bell, V., Skucek, E., Nichols, E., & Fisher, P. (2008). The Rookwood Driving Battery: normative

older adult performance. Br J Clin Psychol, 47(Pt 2), 139-151. doi:10.1348/014466507X236042

Rees, J. L., & Sharp, R. J. (2002). Safety to drive after common limb fractures. Injury, 33(1), 51-54.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1383(00)00153-4

Reger, M. A., Welsh, R., G.s., W., Chorelton, B., Baker, L. D., & Craft, S. (2004). The relationship between

neuropsychological functioning and driving ability in dementia: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology, 18(1),

85-93. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.85

Reger, M. A., Welsh, R. K., Watson, G. S., Cholerton, B., Baker, L. D., & Craft, S. (2004). The relationship between

neuropsychological functioning and driving ability in dementia: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychology, 18(1),

85-93.

Regtuijt, E. M., Kleinsman, A. C., & Slaets, J. P. (2007). [Questioning the ability to drive in patients with cognitive

disorders]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd, 151(36), 1965-1969.

Rehm, C. G., & Ross, S. E. (1995). Elderly drivers involved in road crashes: a profile. Am Surg, 61(5), 435-437.

Reimer, B., Mehler, B., D'Ambrosio, L. A., & Fried, R. (2010). The impact of distractions on young adult drivers with

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Accid Anal Prev, 42(3), 842-851.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2009.06.021

Reinach, S., McGehee, D., Dawson, J., & Rizzo, M. (1997). Simulated car crashes and crash predictors in drivers with

Alzheimer disease. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 124(4), 582-583.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9394(14)70891-8

Reinach, S. J., Rizzo, M., & McGehee, D. V. (1997). Driving with Alzheimer disease: the anatomy of a crash. Alzheimer

Dis Assoc Disord, 11 Suppl 1, 21-27.

Remillard, G. M., Zifkin, B. G., & Andermann, F. (2002). Epilepsy and motor vehicle driving--a symposium held in

Quebec City, November 1998. Can J Neurol Sci, 29(4), 315-325.

Rentoul, E., Smith, H., & Beavers, R. (1962). Some Observations on the Effects of the Consumption of Alcohol and its

Relation to Road Traffic. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 3(1), 2-10.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-7368(62)70093-9

Retchin, S. M., & Anapolle, J. (1993). An overview of the older driver. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 279-296.

Retchin, S. M., Cox, J., Fox, M., & Irwin, L. (1988). Performance-based measurements among elderly drivers and

nondrivers. J Am Geriatr Soc, 36(9), 813-819.

Retchin, S. M., & Hillner, B. E. (1994). The costs and benefits of a screening program to detect dementia in older

drivers. Med Decis Making, 14(4), 315-324. doi:10.1177/0272989x9401400402

Reuben, D. B. (1993). Assessment of older drivers. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 449-459.

Reuben, D. B., Silliman, R. A., & Traines, M. (1988). The aging driver. Medicine, policy, and ethics. J Am Geriatr Soc,

36(12), 1135-1142.

Rey de Castro, J., Gallo, J., & Loureiro, H. (2004). [Tiredness and sleepiness in bus drivers and road accidents in Peru: a

quantitative study]. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 16(1), 11-18.

Reynaud, M., Le Breton, P., Gilot, B., Vervialle, F., & Falissard, B. (2002). Alcohol is the main factor in excess traffic

accident fatalities in France. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 26(12), 1833-1839.

Rezaee-Zavareh, M. S., Salamati, P., Ramezani-Binabaj, M., Saeidnejad, M., Rousta, M., Shokraneh, F., &

Rahimi-Movaghar, V. (2017). Alcohol consumption for simulated driving performance: A systematic review.

Chinese Journal of Traumatology, 20(3), 166-172. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2017.04.002

Richardson, E. D., & Marottoli, R. A. (2003). Visual attention and driving behaviors among community-living older

persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 58(9), M832-836.

Riggio, O., Ridola, L., Pasquale, C., Nardelli, S., Pentassuglio, I., Moscucci, F., & Merli, M. (2011). Evidence of persistent

cognitive impairment after resolution of overt hepatic encephalopathy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 9(2),

181-183. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.002

Rike, P.-O., Johansen, H. J., Ulleberg, P., Lundqvist, A., & Schanke, A.-K. (2015). Exploring associations between

self-reported executive functions, impulsive personality traits, driving self-efficacy, and functional abilities in

driver behaviour after brain injury. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 29,

34-47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2015.01.004

Riley, R. D., Ahmed, I., Debray, T. P. A., Willis, B. H., Noordzij, J. P., Higgins, J. P. T., & Deeks, J. J. (2015). Summarising

and validating test accuracy results across multiple studies for use in clinical practice. Statistics in Medicine,

34(13), 2081-2103. doi:10.1002/sim.6471

Rimmo, P.-A., & Hakamies-Blomqvist, L. (2002). Older drivers' aberrant driving behaviour, impaired activity, and health

as reasons for self-imposed driving limitations. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and

Behaviour, 5(1), 47-62.

Rio, M. C., Gonzalez-Luque, J. C., & Alvarez, F. J. (2001). Alcohol-related problems and fitness to drive. Alcohol Alcohol,

36(3), 256-261.

Risser, R., Chaloupka, C., Grundler, W., Sommer, M., Hausler, J., & Kaufmann, C. (2008). Using non-linear methods to

investigate the criterion validity of traffic-psychological test batteries. Accid Anal Prev, 40(1), 149-157.

doi:S0001-4575(07)00083-8 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2006.12.018

Rizzo, D., Libman, E., Creti, L., Baltzan, M., Bailes, S., Fichten, C., & Lavigne, G. (2017). Determinants of Policy Decisions

for Non-Commercial Drivers with OSA: An Integrative Review. Sleep Medicine Reviews.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2017.02.002

Rizzo, M., Akutsu, H., & Dawson, J. (2001). Increased attentional blink after focal cerebral lesions. Neurology, 57(5),

795-800.

Rizzo, M., McGehee, D. V., Dawson, J. D., & Anderson, S. N. (2001). Simulated car crashes at intersections in drivers

with Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 15(1), 10-20.

Rizzo, M., & Nawrot, M. (1998). Perception of movement and shape in Alzheimer's disease. Brain, 121(Pt 12),

2259-2270.

Robbe, H. W., & O'Hanlon, J. F. (1995). Acute and subchronic effects of paroxetine 20 and 40 mg on actual driving,

psychomotor performance and subjective assessments in healthy volunteers. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol,

5(1), 35-42.

Roberts, W. N., & Roberts, P. C. (1993). Evaluation of the elderly driver with arthritis. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 311-322.

Robertson, D., & Carswell, M. A. (2011). Adding a driving task to AMPS: A pilot study. Can J Occup Ther, 78(2),

103-109.

Robertson, M. D., & Drummer, O. H. (1994). Responsibility analysis: a methodology to study the effects of drugs in

driving. Accid Anal Prev, 26(2), 243-247.

Robinson, A. A. (1994). Cancer: a statistical relationship with road accident deaths and driving. Med Hypotheses, 43(2),

93-98.

Robinson, T. D., & Young, I. H. (2004). Sleep apnoea. Medicine, 32(1), 91-95.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1383/medc.32.1.91.28473

Rock, S. M. (1998). Impact from changes in Illinois drivers license renewal requirements for older drivers. Accid Anal

Prev, 30(1), 69-74.

Rodenstein, D. (2008). Driving in Europe: the need of a common policy for drivers with obstructive sleep apnoea

syndrome. J Sleep Res, 17(3), 281-284. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00669.x

Roe, C. M., Babulal, G. M., Head, D. M., Stout, S. H., Vernon, E. K., Ghoshal, N., . . . Morris, J. C. (2017). Preclinical

Alzheimer's disease and longitudinal driving decline. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research &

Clinical Interventions, 3(1), 74-82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trci.2016.11.006

Rolison, J. J. (2017). Risk exposure density explains mileage bias in older driver crash risk. Am J Epidemiol.

doi:10.1093/aje/kwx220

Romano, E., Scherer, M., Fell, J., & Taylor, E. (2015). A comprehensive examination of U.S. laws enacted to reduce

alcohol-related crashes among underage drivers. J Safety Res, 55, 213-221. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2015.08.001

Romer, K. D. (2008). [Examination of fitness to drive]. Ther Umsch, 65(7), 395-400. doi:10.1024/0040-5930.65.7.395

Rosen, C. S., Chow, H. C., Greenbaum, M. A., Finney, J. F., Moos, R. H., Sheikh, J. I., & Yesavage, J. A. (2002). How well

are clinicians following dementia practice guidelines? Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 16(1), 15-23.

Rosenbaum, R. S., Gao, F., Richards, B., Black, S. E., & Moscovitch, M. (2005). "Where to?" remote memory for spatial

relations and landmark identity in former taxi drivers with Alzheimer's disease and encephalitis. J Cogn

Neurosci, 17(3), 446-462.

Rosenbloom, S. (1993). Transportation needs of the elderly population. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 297-310.

Ross, L. A., Anstey, K. J., Kiely, K. M., Windsor, T. D., Byles, J. E., Luszcz, M. A., & Mitchell, P. (2009). Older drivers in

Australia: trends in driving status and cognitive and visual impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc, 57(10), 1868-1873.

doi:JGS2439 [pii]

10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02439.x

Ross, L. A., Browning, C., Luszcz, M. A., Mitchell, P., & Anstey, K. J. (2011). Age-based testing for driver's license

renewal: potential implications for older Australians. J Am Geriatr Soc, 59(2), 281-285.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03241.x

Ross, L. A., Clay, O. J., Edwards, J. D., Ball, K. K., Wadley, V. G., Vance, D. E., . . . Joyce, J. J. (2009). Do older drivers at-risk

for crashes modify their driving over time? J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 64(2), 163-170. doi:gbn034 [pii]

10.1093/geronb/gbn034

Ross, P. E., Ponsford, J. L., Di Stefano, M., & Spitz, G. (2015). Predictors of On-Road Driver Performance Following

Traumatic Brain Injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 96(3), 440-446.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2014.09.027

Rossheim, M. E., Weiler, R. M., Barnett, T. E., Suzuki, S., Walters, S. T., Barry, A. E., . . . Thombs, D. L. (2015). Self-Efficacy

to Drive While Intoxicated: Insights into the Persistence of Alcohol-Impaired Driving. Alcohol Clin Exp Res,

39(8), 1547-1554. doi:10.1111/acer.12795

Rosso, G. L., Montomoli, C., & Candura, S. M. (2016). AUDIT-C score and its association with risky behaviours among

professional drivers. International Journal of Drug Policy, 28, 128-132.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.09.003

Rosso, G. L., Zanelli, R., Bruno, S., & Feola, M. (2007). [Syncope and professional driving: the role of the occupational

physician]. Med Lav, 98(3), 204-215.

Roudsari, B., Ramisetty-Mikler, S., & Rodriguez, L. A. (2009). Ethnicity, age, and trends in alcohol-related driver

fatalities in the United States. Traffic Inj Prev, 10(5), 410-414. doi:914723959 [pii]

10.1080/15389580903131506

RSA. (2016). Fatal collisions 2008 - 2012: Alcohol as a factor. Retrieved from Ballina:

http://www.rsa.ie/Documents/Fatal%20Collision%20Stats/Contributory_Factors_in_Fatal_Collisions/Fatal%20C

ollisions%202008-2012_Alcohol%20as%20a%20Factor.pdf

Rubinsztein, J., & Lawton, C. A. (1995). Depression and driving in the elderly. International Journal of Geriatric

Psychiatry, 10(1), 15-17.

Ruckhofer, J., & Grabner, G. (1998). [Driving behavior of patients before cataract operation--is an unlimited driver's

license justifiable? Results of an analysis of 1,124 patients of the ophthalmology department of a central

hospital]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 212(2), 106-110.

Rudisill, T. M., Zhu, M., Kelley, G. A., Pilkerton, C., & Rudisill, B. R. (2016). Medication use and the risk of motor vehicle

collisions among licensed drivers: A systematic review. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 96, 255-270.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.08.001

Rudman, D. L., Friedland, J., Chipman, M., & Sciortino, P. (2006). Holding on and letting go: the perspectives of

pre-seniors and seniors on driving self-regulation in later life. Can J Aging, 25(1), 65-76.

Ruggeri, G. (2017). A comparison of the interpretation of Esterman visual field charts using the Australian assessing

fitness to drive 2012 standards and the UK Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency 2014 guidelines. Intern Med

J, 47, 5-5. doi:10.1111/imj.4_13456

Ruhle, R., & Wolff, H. (1990). [Psychological aspects of traffic fitness of aging car drivers]. Z Gesamte Hyg, 36(7),

346-350.

Rumbold, J. (2013). Automatism and driving offences. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 20(7), 825-829.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2013.06.014

Ryan, G. A., Legge, M., & Rosman, D. (1998). Age related changes in drivers' crash risk and crash type. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 30(3), 379-387. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(97)00098-5

Ryan, M., Mc Fadden, R., Gilvarry, E., Loane, R., Whelan, D., & O'Neill, D. (2017). Awareness of medical fitness to drive

guidelines among occupational physicians and psychiatrists. Ir Med J, 110(10), p 653-.

Sabatowski, R., Schwalen, S., Rettig, K., Herberg, K. W., Kasper, S. M., & Radbruch, L. (2003). Driving Ability Under

Long-Term Treatment with Transdermal Fentanyl. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 25(1), 38-47.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(02)00539-0

Sacher, P. (1978). [Schizophrenia and the ability to drive]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr, 108(10), 373-379.

Safiri, S., Haghdoost, A. A., Hashemi, F., Amiri, S., Raza, O., & Sadeghi-Bazargani, H. (2016). Association Between Adult

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Helmet Use Among Motorcycle Riders. Trauma Mon, 21(2),

e21066. doi:10.5812/traumamon.21066

Sagaspe, P., Taillard, J., Chaumet, G., Moore, N., Bioulac, B., & Philip, P. (2007). Aging and nocturnal driving: better with

coffee or a nap? A randomized study. Sleep, 30(12), 1808-1813.

Sakaguchi, S., & Li, H. (2013). Syncope and Driving, Flying and Vocational Concerns. Progress in Cardiovascular

Diseases, 55(4), 454-463. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2012.11.010

Sakakibara, T., Kasai, Y., & Uchida, A. (2006). Effects of driving on low back pain. Occup Med (Lond), 56(7), 494-496.

Samuel, S., Yamani, Y., & Fisher, D. L. (2016). Large reductions are possible in older driver crashes at intersections. Clin

Exp Optom, 99(5), 419-424. doi:10.1111/cxo.12443

Samuelsson, S. M. (2005). [Physicians' control of driving after stroke attacks]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 125(19),

2610-2612.

Sandlin, D., McGwin, G., Jr., & Owsley, C. (2014). Association between vision impairment and driving exposure in older

adults aged 70 years and over: a population-based examination. Acta Ophthalmol, 92(3), e207-212.

doi:10.1111/aos.12050

Sandvall, B. K., & Friedrich, J. B. (2015). Driving With Upper Extremity Immobilization: A Comprehensive Review. The

Journal of Hand Surgery, 40(5), 1042-1047. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.04.037

Sansosti, L. E., Greene, T., Hasenstein, T., Berger, M., & Meyr, A. J. (2017). U.S. State Driving Regulations Relevant to

Foot and Ankle Surgeons. The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 56(3), 522-542.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2017.01.022

Sargent-Cox, K. A., Windsor, T., Walker, J., & Anstey, K. J. (2011). Health literacy of older drivers and the importance of

health experience for self-regulation of driving behaviour. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43(3), 898-905.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.11.012

Satariano, W. A., MacLeod, K. E., Cohn, T. E., & Ragland, D. R. (2004). Problems with vision associated with limitations

or avoidance of driving in older populations. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 59(5), S281-286.

Sawatzky, B., Denison, I., Langrish, S., Richardson, S., Hiller, K., & Slobogean, B. (2007). The segway personal

transporter as an alternative mobility device for people with disabilities: a pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil,

88(11), 1423-1428. doi:S0003-9993(07)01343-3 [pii]

10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.005 [doi]

Schanke, A. K., Osten, P. E., Hofft, E., & Pedersen, O. (1999). [Assessment of cognitive suitability to drive after brain

injury]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 119(7), 954-958.

Scharwey, K., Krzizok, T., & Herfurth, M. (1998). [Night driving capacity of ophthalmologically healthy persons of

various ages]. Ophthalmologe, 95(8), 555-558.

Scherer, M., Fell, J. C., Thomas, S., & Voas, R. B. (2015). Effects of Dram Shop, Responsible Beverage Service Training,

and State Alcohol Control Laws on Underage Drinking Driver Fatal Crash Ratios. Traffic Inj Prev, 16 Suppl 2,

S59-65. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1064909

Scherer, M., Harrell, P., & Romano, E. (2015). Marijuana and Other Substance Use Among Motor Vehicle Operators: A

Latent Class Analysis. J Stud Alcohol Drugs, 76(6), 916-923.

Scherer, M., Voas, R. B., & Furr-Holden, D. (2013). Marijuana as a predictor of concurrent substance use among motor

vehicle operators. J Psychoactive Drugs, 45(3), 211-217. doi:10.1080/02791072.2013.804230

Schieber, F. (1994). High-priority research and development needs for maintaining the safety and mobility of older

drivers. Exp Aging Res, 20(1), 35-43.

Schiefer, U., Rathmachers, B., Schmid, E. W., Aulhorn, E., & Zrenner, E. (1993). [Visual compromise of automobile

drivers by frontal photo-flash in mesoptic conditions]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 202(2), 116-125.

Schiff, W., Oldak, R., & Shah, V. (1992). Aging persons' estimates of vehicular motion. Psychol Aging, 7(4), 518-525.

Schlag, B. (1986). [Elderly automobile drivers--a problem with a future?]. Z Gerontol, 19(6), 410-418.

Schlag, B. (1990). [Empirical studies on the performance of elderly automobile drivers]. Z Gerontol, 23(5), 300-306.

Schlag, B. (1993). Elderly drivers in Germany--fitness and driving behavior. Accid Anal Prev, 25(1), 47-55.

Schmidt, P., Haarhoff, K., & Bonte, W. (1990). Sudden natural death at the wheel--a particular problem of the elderly?

Forensic Sci Int, 48(2), 155-162.

Schmidt, U. (1993). [The elderly in street traffic--effect of drugs]. Fortschr Med, 111(16), 279-282.

Schmidt, U., Brendemuhl, D., Engels, K., Schenk, N., & Ludemann, E. (1991). Piracetam in elderly motorists.

Pharmacopsychiatry, 24(4), 121-126.

Schmitt, K. U., Seeger, R., Fischer, H., Lanz, C., Muser, M., Walz, F., & Schwarz, U. (2015). Saccadic eye movement

performance as an indicator of driving ability in elderly drivers. Swiss Med Wkly, 145, w14098.

doi:10.4414/smw.2015.14098

Schneebeli, M. (2016). [Fitness to drive under traffic ophthalmological aspects in elderly drivers]. Ther Umsch, 73(2),

91-97. doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000762

Schrader, W. F., Hauptmann, S., & Hamburger, G. (1999). [Automobile driving capacity after retinal detachment

surgery]. Ophthalmologe, 96(2), 102-107.

Schreier, D. R., Banks, C., & Mathis, J. (2017). Driving simulators in the clinical assessment of fitness to drive in sleepy

individuals: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2017.04.004

Schulte, T., Strasburger, H., Muller-Oehring, E. M., Kasten, E., & Sabel, B. A. (1999). Automobile driving performance of

brain-injured patients with visual field defects. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 78(2), 136-142.

Schultheis, M. T., Manning, K., Weisser, V., Blasco, A., Ang, J., & Wilkinson, M. E. (2010). Vision and driving in multiple

sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 91(2), 315-317. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2009.09.021

Schultheis, M. T., Weisser, V., Ang, J., Elovic, E., Nead, R., Sestito, N., . . . Millis, S. R. (2010). Examining the Relationship

Between Cognition and Driving Performance in Multiple Sclerosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and

Rehabilitation, 91(3), 465-473. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2009.09.026

Schultheis, M. T., Weisser, V., Manning, K., Blasco, A., & Ang, J. (2009). Driving Behaviors Among Community-Dwelling

Persons With Multiple Sclerosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 90(6), 975-981.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2008.12.017

Schulz, P., Spannhorst, S., Iffland, B., & Toepper, M. (2017). Do self-reports provide valid information about driving

fitness in seniors? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 32(2), 231-232. doi:10.1002/gps.4612

Schutz, H., & Weiler, G. (1993). [Determination of limit values for "safe driving" in street traffic with reference to

centrally active drugs from the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic viewpoint]. Blutalkohol, 30(3),

137-157.

Schwanen, T., Banister, D., & Bowling, A. (2012). Independence and mobility in later life. Geoforum, 43(6), 1313-1322.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2012.04.001

Schwarz, J. F., Geisler, P., Hajak, G., Zulley, J., Rupprecht, R., Wetter, T. C., & Popp, R. F. (2016). The effect of partial sleep

deprivation on computer-based measures of fitness to drive. Sleep Breath, 20(1), 285-292.

doi:10.1007/s11325-015-1220-0

Schwebel, D. C., Ball, K. K., Severson, J., Barton, B. K., Rizzo, M., & Viamonte, S. M. (2007). Individual difference factors

in risky driving among older adults. J Safety Res, 38(5), 501-509. doi:S0022-4375(07)00089-8 [pii]

10.1016/j.jsr.2007.04.005 [doi]

Scialfa, C. T., Guzy, L. T., Leibowitz, H. W., Garvey, P. M., & Tyrrell, R. A. (1991). Age differences in estimating vehicle

velocity. Psychol Aging, 6(1), 60-66.

Scott, C. A., Rapport, L. J., Coleman Bryer, R., Griffen, J., Hanks, R., & McKay, C. (2009). Self-assessment of driving ability

and the decision to resume driving following stroke. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 31(3), 353-362. doi:794147406

[pii]

10.1080/13803390802169067

Seeger, R. (1997). [Problems in the assessment of driving capability in family practice]. Ther Umsch, 54(5), 242-254.

Seeger, R. (2011). [Traffic medicine in basic medical practice]. Ther Umsch, 68(5), 235-241.

doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000157

Segal-Gidan, F., Varma, R., Salazar, X., & Mack, W. J. (2010). Factors influencing driving status in an older Latino

population. J Aging Health, 22(3), 332-347. doi:10.1177/0898264309358763

Segmiller, F. M., Buschert, V., Laux, G., Nedopil, N., Palm, U., Furjanic, K., . . . Brunnauer, A. (2017). Driving skills in

unmedicated first- and recurrent-episode schizophrenic patients. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 267(1),

83-88. doi:10.1007/s00406-015-0647-4

Sekuler, A. B., Bennett, P. J., & Mamelak, M. (2000). Effects of aging on the useful field of view. Exp Aging Res, 26(2),

103-120.

Selander, H., Lee, H. C., Johansson, K., & Falkmer, T. (2011). Older drivers: On-road and off-road test results. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 43(4), 1348-1354. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.02.007

Selmo, K. K., Asp, D. S., & Anderson, D. C. (1997). Seizures and spells: physician awareness of Minnesota driving laws.

Minn Med, 80(5), 42-46.

Senechal, A., & Manaouil, C. (2015). [Driving licenses and medical fitness]. Presse Med, 44(9), 916-922.

doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2015.03.004

Seneviratne, S. L., Gunatilake, S. B., Adhikari, A. A. D. N. W., & Silva, H. J. D. (1998). Driving and epilepsy in Sri Lanka.

Seizure, 7(4), 305-308. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1059-1311(98)80023-X

Sengupta, S., van Landingham, S. W., Solomon, S. D., Do, D. V., Friedman, D. S., & Ramulu, P. Y. (2014). Driving habits

in older patients with central vision loss. Ophthalmology, 121(3), 727-732. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.09.042

Shaheen, S. A., & Niemeier, D. A. (2001). Integrating vehicle design and human factors: minimizing elderly driving

constraints. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 9(3), 155-174.

Sharifi, A., Sharifi, H., Karamouzian, M., Daneshtalab, E., & Daneshtalab, A. (2013). Visual fitness of public vehicle

drivers in southeast of iran. Int J Prev Med, 4(6), 705-709.

Shaw, J., & Bajaj, J. S. (2017). Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy: Can My Patient Drive? J Clin Gastroenterol, 51(2),

118-126. doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000764

Shaw, L., Polgar, J. M., Vrkljan, B., & Jacobson, J. (2010). Seniors' perceptions of vehicle safety risks and needs. Am J

Occup Ther, 64(2), 215-224.

Sheehan, B. (2012). Assessment scales in dementia. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders, 5(6), 349-358.

doi:10.1177/1756285612455733

Sheldon, R., & Koshman, M. L. (1995). Can patients with neuromediated syncope safely drive motor vehicles? The

American Journal of Cardiology, 75(14), 955-956. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80699-7

Shen, J., Moller, H. J., Wang, X., Chung, S. A., Shapiro, G. K., Li, X., & Shapiro, C. M. (2009). Mirtazapine, a sedating

antidepressant, and improved driving safety in patients with major depressive disorder: a prospective,

randomized trial of 28 patients. J Clin Psychiatry, 70(3), 370-377.

Shen, W.-K., Sheldon, R. S., Benditt, D. G., Cohen, M. I., Forman, D. E., Goldberger, Z. D., . . . Yancy, C. W. (2017). 2017

ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Syncope: A Report of the

American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines, and

the Heart Rhythm Society. Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.03.003

Shephard, R. J. (1998). The acceptable risk of driving after myocardial infarction: are bus drivers a special case? J

Cardiopulm Rehabil, 18(3), 199-208.

Sheridan, A., Howell, F., McKeown, N., & Bedford, D. (2011). Admission to acute hospitals for injuries as a result of road

traffic collisions in Ireland, 2005-2009. Retrieved from Navan:

Sheridan, A., Howell, F., McKeown, N., & Bedford, D. (2011). Admissions and costs to acute hospitals resulting from

road traffic crashes, 2005-2009. Ir Med J, 104(7), 199-201.

Shipp, M. D., & Penchansky, R. (1995). Vision testing and the elderly driver: is there a problem meriting policy change?

[see comments]. J Am Optom Assoc, 66(6), 343-351.

Shore, E. R., McCoy, M. L., Toonen, L. A., & Kuntz, E. J. (1988). Arrests of women for driving under the influence. J Stud

Alcohol, 49(1), 7-10.

Sibbald, B. (1999). Easier-to-use fitness-to-drive guide on way from CMA. Cmaj, 160(12), 1752.

Siedlecka, J., & Bortkiewicz, A. (2012). [Driving simulators in risk assessment of traffic accident among drivers with

obstructive sleep apnea]. Med Pr, 63(2), 229-236.

Sillanpää, M., & Schmidt, D. (2006). Prognosis of seizure recurrence after stopping antiepileptic drugs in seizure-free

patients: A long-term population-based study of childhood-onset epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 8(4),

713-719. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.02.014

Silverstein, N. (2005). Commentary: Older Driver Safety: Why Emergency Physicians should Care about Medical

Advisory Boards. Ann Emerg Med, 46(4), 377-379. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.07.011

Simms, B. (1985). The assessment of the disabled for driving: a preliminary report. Int Rehabil Med, 7(4), 187-192.

Simoes, A. (2003). The cognitive training needs of older drivers. Recherche - Transports - Securite, 79-80, 145-155.

Simpson, C. S., Hoffmaster, B., Mitchell, L. B., & Klein, G. J. (2004). Mandatory physician reporting of drivers with

cardiac disease: ethical and practical considerations. Can J Cardiol, 20(13), 1329-1334.

Simpson, C. S., Klein, G. J., Brennan, F. J., Krahn, A. D., Yee, R., & Skanes, A. C. (2000). Impact of a mandatory physician

reporting system for cardiac patients potentially unfit to drive. Can J Cardiol, 16(10), 1257-1263.

Simpson, H. M. (1987). III. Community-based approaches to highway safety: Health promotion and drinking-driving.

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 20(1), 27-37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-8716(87)90073-1

Sims, J., Rouse-Watson, S., Schattner, P., Beveridge, A., & Jones, K. M. (2012). To Drive or Not to Drive: Assessment

Dilemmas for GPs. Int J Family Med, 2012, 417512. doi:10.1155/2012/417512

Sims, R. V., Ahmed, A., Sawyer, P., & Allman, R. M. (2007). Self-reported health and driving cessation in

community-dwelling older drivers. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 62(7), 789-793. doi:62/7/789 [pii]

Sims, R. V., McGwin, G., Jr., Allman, R. M., Ball, K., & Owsley, C. (2000). Exploratory study of incident vehicle crashes

among older drivers. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 55(1), M22-27.

Sims, R. V., Owsley, C., Allman, R. M., Ball, K., & Smoot, T. M. (1998). A preliminary assessment of the medical and

functional factors associated with vehicle crashes by older adults [see comments]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 46(5),

556-561.

Sinczuk-Walczak, H., Siedlecka, J., Szymczak, W., Gadzicka, E., Walczak, A., Kowalczyk, G., . . . Bortkiewicz, A. (2015).

[Neurological symptoms and syndromes in municipal transport drivers]. Med Pr, 66(3), 333-341.

doi:10.13075/mp.5893.00208

Sinczuk-Walczak, H., Szubert, Z., Szymczak, W., & Walczak, A. (2012). [Certain issues concerning medical certification

and driving fitness assessment after craniocerebral traumas]. Med Pr, 63(6), 651-658.

Sindwani, R., Parnes, L. S., Goebel, J. A., & Cass, S. P. (1999). Approach to the vestibular patient and driving: A patient

perspective. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 121(1), 13-17.

Singh, R., Pentland, B., Hunter, J., & Provan, F. (2007). Parkinson's disease and driving ability. J Neurol Neurosurg

Psychiatry, 78(4), 363-366. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.103440

Siren, A., & Haustein, S. (2015). Driving licences and medical screening in old age: Review of literature and European

licensing policies. Journal of Transport & Health, 2(1), 68-78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2014.09.003

Siren, A., Haustein, S., Bell, D., Pokriefke, E., Lang, B., Fernandez Medina, K., . . . Strnadova, Z. (2013). Driver Licensing

Legislation (CONSOL, Work Package 5.1 Final Report). Retrieved from

Siren, A., & Meng, A. (2012). Cognitive screening of older drivers does not produce safety benefits. Accident Analysis

& Prevention, 45, 634-638. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.09.032

Sivak, M., Hill, C. S., Henson, D. L., Butler, B. P., Silber, S. M., & Olson, P. L. (1984). Improved driving performance

following perceptual training in persons with brain damage. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 65(4), 163-167.

Sivak, M., Hill, C. S., & Olson, P. L. (1984). Computerized video tasks as training techniques for driving-related

perceptual deficits of persons with brain damage: a pilot evaluation. Int J Rehabil Res, 7(4), 389-398.

Sivak, M., Olson, P. L., Kewman, D. G., Won, H., & Henson, D. L. (1981). Driving and perceptual/cognitive skills:

behavioral consequences of brain damage. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 62(10), 476-483.

Sivak, M., Soler, J., & Trankle, U. (1989). Cross-cultural differences in driver self-assessment. Accid Anal Prev, 21(4),

371-375.

Sjogren, H., Eriksson, A., & Ostrom, M. (1996). Role of disease in initiating the crashes of fatally injured drivers. Accid

Anal Prev, 28(3), 307-314.

Skurtveit, S., Christophersen, A. S., Beylich, K. M., Bjorneboe, A., & Morland, J. (1998). Study of rearrests for drunken

driving in Norway. Forensic Sci Int, 92(1), 21-28.

Smink, B. E., Movig, K. L., Lusthof, K. J., De Gier, J. J., Uges, D. R., & Egberts, A. C. (2008). The relation between the use

of psychoactive substances and the severity of the injury in a group of crash-involved drivers admitted to a

regional trauma center. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(2), 105-108. doi:10.1080/15389580701824443

Smith, A., Marshall, S., Porter, M., Ha, L., Bédard, M., Gélinas, I., . . . Vrkljan, B. (2013). Stability of physical assessment of

older drivers over 1 year. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 61, 261-266.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.007

Smith, N. A. (2003). Audit in occupational medicine: an audit of fitness to drive among voluntary drivers in an NHS

trust. Occup Med (Lond), 53(2), 117-121.

Smith-Arena, L., Edelstein, L., & Rabadi, M. H. (2006). Predictors of a successful driver evaluation in stroke patients

after discharge based on an acute rehabilitation hospital evaluation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 85(1), 44-52.

Smolensky, M. H., Di Milia, L., Ohayon, M. M., & Philip, P. (2011). Sleep disorders, medical conditions, and road

accident risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43(2), 533-548. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.004

Sneed, N. V., & Finch, N. (1992). Experiences of patients and significant others with automatic implantable cardioverter

defibrillators after discharge from the hospital. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs, 7(3), 20-24.

Snook, K., & Cohen, L. (2008). Licensing authorities' options for managing older driver safety--practical advice from

the researchers: commentary. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 282-283. doi:10.1080/15389580801895194

Snow, R. W., & Landrum, J. W. (1986). Drinking locations and frequency of drunkenness among Mississippi DUI

offenders. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 12(4), 389-402.

Snow, R. W., & Wells-Parker, E. (1986). Drinking reasons, alcohol consumption levels, and drinking locations among

drunken drivers. Int J Addict, 21(6), 671-689.

Snyder, C. H. (2005). Dementia and driving: autonomy versus safety. J Am Acad Nurse Pract, 17(10), 393-402.

Snyder, K., & Bloom, J. D. (2004). Physician reporting of impaired drivers: a new trend in state law? J Am Acad

Psychiatry Law, 32(1), 76-79.

Snyder, K. M., & Ganzini, L. (2009). Outcomes of Oregon's law mandating physician reporting of impaired drivers. J

Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 22(3), 161-165. doi:0891988709332943 [pii]

10.1177/0891988709332943

Sobanski, E., Sabljic, D., Alm, B., Dittmann, R. W., Wehmeier, P. M., Skopp, G., & Strohbeck-Kühner, P. (2013). Driving

performance in adults with ADHD: Results from a randomized, waiting list controlled trial with atomoxetine.

European Psychiatry, 28(6), 379-385. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.08.001

Soderstrom, C. A., & Joyce, J. J. (2008). Medical review of fitness to drive in older drivers: the Maryland experience.

Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 342-349. doi:901523125 [pii]

10.1080/15389580801895301

Soderstrom, C. A., Scottino, M. A., Burch, C. A., Ho, S. M., Kerns, T. J., & Joyce, J. J. (2010). Pursuit of Licensure by Senior

Drivers Referred by Police to a State Licensing Agency's Medical Advisory Board. Ann Adv Automot Med, 54,

351-358.

Soderstrom, C. A., Scottino, M. A., Joyce, J. J., Burch, C., Ho, S. M., & Kerns, T. J. (2009). Police referral of drivers to the

Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration's Medical Advisory Board. Ann Adv Automot Med, 53, 105-116.

Somerville, E. R., Black, A. B., & Dunne, J. W. (2010). Driving to distraction--certification of fitness to drive with

epilepsy. Med J Aust, 192(6), 342-344.

Sommer, M., Herle, M., Häusler, J., Risser, R., Schützhofer, B., & Chaloupka, C. (2008). Cognitive and personality

determinants of fitness to drive. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 11(5),

362-375. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2008.03.001

Songer, T. J., & Dorsey, R. R. (2006). High risk characteristics for motor vehicle crashes in persons with diabetes by age.

Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med, 50, 335-351.

Sorajja, D., Nesbitt, G. C., Hodge, D. O., Low, P. A., Hammill, S. C., Gersh, B. J., & Shen, W. K. (2009). Syncope while

driving: clinical characteristics, causes, and prognosis. Circulation, 120(11), 928-934.

doi:CIRCULATIONAHA.108.827626 [pii]

10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.827626

Sorajja, D., & Shen, W.-K. (2010). Driving Guidelines and Restrictions in Patients With a History of Cardiac Arrhythmias,

Syncope,or Implantable Devices. Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine, 12(5), 443-456.

doi:10.1007/s11936-010-0088-3

Sorajja, D., & Shen, W. K. (2010). Driving guidelines and restrictions in patients with a history of cardiac arrhythmias,

syncope,or implantable devices. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med, 12(5), 443-456.

doi:10.1007/s11936-010-0088-3

Sorensen, M., Hvidberg, M., Andersen, Z. J., Nordsborg, R. B., Lillelund, K. G., Jakobsen, J., . . . Raaschou-Nielsen, O.

(2011). Road traffic noise and stroke: a prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J, 32(6), 737-744.

doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq466

Soyka, M., Dittert, S., Gartenmeier, A., & Schafer, M. (1998). [Driving fitness in therapy with antidepressive drugs].

Versicherungsmedizin, 50(2), 59-66.

Soyka, M., Hock, B., Kagerer, S., Lehnert, R., Limmer, C., & Kuefner, H. (2005). Less impairment on one portion of a

driving-relevant psychomotor battery in buprenorphine-maintained than in methadone-maintained patients:

results of a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol, 25(5), 490-493.

Soyka, M., Winter, C., Kagerer, S., Brunnauer, M., Laux, G., & Möller, H.-J. (2005). Effects of haloperidol and risperidone

on psychomotor performance relevant to driving ability in schizophrenic patients compared to healthy

controls. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 39(1), 101-108. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.04.006

Spalding, T. J., Kiss, J., Kyberd, P., Turner-Smith, A., & Simpson, A. H. (1994). Driver reaction times after total knee

replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 76(5), 754-756.

Spinney, J. E. L., Scott, D. M., & Newbold, K. B. (2009). Transport mobility benefits and quality of life: A time-use

perspective of elderly Canadians. Transport Policy, 16(1), 1-11.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2009.01.002

Spudis, E. V., Penry, J. K., & Gibson, P. (1986). Driving impairment caused by episodic brain dysfunction. Restrictions

for epilepsy and syncope. Arch Neurol, 43(6), 558-564.

Srivastava, A., Mehta, R., Rothke, S. P., Rademaker, A. W., & Blei, A. T. (1994). Fitness to drive in patients with cirrhosis

and portal-systemic shunting: a pilot study evaluating driving performance. Journal of Hepatology, 21(6),

1023-1028. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80612-9

Stalvey, B. T., Owsley, C., Stalvey, B. T., & Owsley, C. (2000). Self-perceptions and Current Practices of High-risk Older

Drivers: Implications for Driver Safety Interventions. J Health Psychol, 5(4), 441-456.

doi:10.1177/135910530000500404

Stamatiadis, N., & Deacon, J. A. (1995). Trends in highway safety: effects of an aging population on accident

propensity. Accid Anal Prev, 27(4), 443-459.

Stapleton, T., & Connelly, D. (2010). Grand rounds. Occupational therapy practice in predriving assessment post stroke

in the Irish context: findings from a nominal group technique meeting. Top Stroke Rehabil, 17(1), 58-68.

doi:10.1310/tsr1701-58

Stapleton, T., & Connelly, D. (2010). Occupational therapy practice in predriving assessment post stroke in the Irish

context: findings from a nominal group technique meeting. Top Stroke Rehabil, 17(1), 58-68.

doi:10.1310/tsr1701-58

Stapleton, T., Connolly, D., & O’Neill, D. (2012). Exploring the relationship between self‐awareness of driving efficacy

and that of a proxy when determining fitness to drive after stroke. Aust Occup Ther J, 59(1), 63-70.

Stapleton, T., Connolly, D., & O'Neill, D. (2012). Exploring the relationship between self-awareness of driving efficacy

and that of a proxy when determining fitness to drive after stroke. Aust Occup Ther J, 59(1), 63-70.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1630.2011.00980.x

Stapleton, T., Connolly, D., & O'Neill, D. (2015). Factors Influencing the Clinical Stratification of Suitability to Drive after

Stroke: A Qualitative Study. Occup Ther Health Care, 29(3), 253-271. doi:10.3109/07380577.2015.1036192

Staplin, L., & Freund, K. (2013). Policy prescriptions to preserve mobility for seniors—A dose of realism. Accident

Analysis & Prevention, 61, 212-221. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.01.014

Staplin, L., Gish, K. W., & Joyce, J. (2008). ‘Low mileage bias’ and related policy implications—A cautionary note.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40(3), 1249-1252.

Staplin, L., Gish, K. W., Lococo, K. H., Joyce, J. J., & Sifrit, K. J. (2013). The Maze Test: A significant predictor of older

driver crash risk. Accid Anal Prev, 50, 483-489. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.025

Staplin, L., Gish, K. W., & Sifrit, K. J. (2014). Using cognitive status to predict crash risk: blazing new trails? J Safety Res,

48, 19-25. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2013.10.004

Stark, M. M., & Rogers, D. J. (1998). Hypoglycaemia: a hidden danger. Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine, 5(4),

211-212. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-1131(98)90138-9

Staub, C., Lacalle, H., & Fryc, O. (1994). [Presence of psychotropic drugs in the blood of drivers responsible for car

accidents, and who consumed alcohol at the same time]. Soz Praventivmed, 39(3), 143-149.

Stav, W. B. (2008). Review of the evidence related to older adult community mobility and driver licensure policies. Am

J Occup Ther, 62(2), 149-158.

Stav, W. B. (2014). Updated systematic review on older adult community mobility and driver licensing policies. Am J

Occup Ther, 68(6), 681-689. doi:10.5014/ajot.2014.011510

Stav, W. B., Arbesman, M., & Lieberman, D. (2008). Background and methodology of the older driver evidence-based

systematic literature review. Am J Occup Ther, 62(2), 130-135.

Stav, W. B., Justiss, M. D., McCarthy, D. P., Mann, W. C., & Lanford, D. N. (2008). Predictability of clinical assessments

for driving performance. J Safety Res, 39(1), 1-7. doi:S0022-4375(07)00139-9 [pii]

10.1016/j.jsr.2007.10.004 [doi]

Stav, W. B., & Pierce, S. (2010). Driving and community mobility. American Journal of Occupational Therapy(64).

Steen, T., & Gjerstad, L. (1993). [Driver's licenses and medicine. A review of legal requirements and practice]. Tidsskr

Nor Laegeforen, 113(18), 2277-2280.

Steen, T. W., Hagestad, K., Hagerup-Jenssen, T., & Wroldsen, A. (1997). [Measures against driving under the influence

of drugs--the county medical officer's role. A 2-year material from Vest-Agder]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen,

117(21), 3093-3096.

Steier, S. (2002). [The physician's role in assessing the fitness of elderly patients to drive]. Harefuah, 141(7), 617-621,

666.

Steier, T. S., Kitai, E., Wiener, A., & Kahan, E. (2003). Are medical reports on fitness to drive trustworthy? Postgrad Med

J, 79(927), 52-54.

Stelmach, G. E., & Nahom, A. (1992). Cognitive-motor abilities of the elderly driver. Hum Factors, 34(1), 53-65.

Stephens, B. W., McCarthy, D. P., Marsiske, M., Shechtman, O., Classen, S., Justiss, M., & Mann, W. C. (2005).

International Older Driver Consensus Conference on Assessment, Remediation and Counseling for

Transportation Alternatives: Summary and Recommendations. Phys Occup Ther Geriatr, 23(2-3), 103-121.

doi:10.1300/J148v23n02_07

Sterker, I., Tegetmeyer, H., Papsdorf, K., & Fuhrer-Sakel, D. (2009). Effect of combined intravenous glucocorticoids and

orbital radiotherapy in restoring driving competency in patients with Graves' orbitopathy. Horm Metab Res,

41(5), 391-396. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1128141

Stoduto, G., Vingilis, E., Kapur, B. M., Sheu, W. J., McLellan, B. A., & Liban, C. B. (1993). Alcohol and drug use among

motor vehicle collision victims admitted to a regional trauma unit: demographic, injury, and crash

characteristics. Accid Anal Prev, 25(4), 411-420.

Stolwyk, R. J., Charlton, J. L., Triggs, T. J., Iansek, R., & Bradshaw, J. L. (2006). Neuropsychological function and driving

ability in people with Parkinson's disease. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 28(6), 898-913.

Stolwyk, R. J., Scally, K. A., Charlton, J. L., Bradshaw, J. L., Iansek, R., & Georgiou-Karistianis, N. (2015). Self-Regulation

of Driving Behavior in People with Parkinson Disease. Cogn Behav Neurol, 28(2), 80-91.

doi:10.1097/wnn.0000000000000058

Stolwyk, R. J., Triggs, T. J., Charlton, J. L., Iansek, R., & Bradshaw, J. L. (2005). Impact of internal versus external cueing

on driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord, 20(7), 846-857.

Stolwyk, R. J., Triggs, T. J., Charlton, J. L., Moss, S., Iansek, R., & Bradshaw, J. L. (2006). Effect of a concurrent task on

driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord, 21(12), 2096-2100.

Stork, A. D., Haeften, T. W., & Veneman, T. F. (2007). The decision not to drive during hypoglycemia in patients with

type 1 and type 2 diabetes according to hypoglycemia awareness. Diabetes Care, 30. doi:10.2337/dc06-1544

Stork, A. D., van Haeften, T. W., & Veneman, T. F. (2007). The decision not to drive during hypoglycemia in patients

with type 1 and type 2 diabetes according to hypoglycemia awareness. Diabetes Care, 30(11), 2822-2826.

doi:dc06-1544 [pii]

10.2337/dc06-1544 [doi]

Stowe, J. D., Cooney, T. M., Bonne, S., Meuser, T. M., Berg-Weger, M., Schmidt, N., & Coughenour, J. (2015). A

randomized crash injury prevention trial of transitioning high-risk elders from driving. J Trauma Acute Care

Surg, 79(1), 132-137; discussion 137. doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000000690

Stowe, S., & Mulley, G. P. (2010). Gerotechnology series: Ram Raid Wrinklies and geriatric joy riders: How newspapers

depict scooter users. European Geriatric Medicine, 1(1), 52-57.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2010.01.006

Strand, M. C., Arnestad, M., Fjeld, B., & Morland, J. (2017). Acute Impairing Effects of Morphine Related to Driving: A

Systematic Review of Experimental Studies to Define Blood Morphine Concentrations Related to Impairment

in Opioid Naive Subjects. Traffic Inj Prev, 0. doi:10.1080/15389588.2017.1326595

Strand, M. C., Fjeld, B., Arnestad, M., & Morland, J. (2013). Can patients receiving opioid maintenance therapy safely

drive? A systematic review of epidemiological and experimental studies on driving ability with a focus on

concomitant methadone or buprenorphine administration. Traffic Inj Prev, 14(1), 26-38.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2012.689451

Strand, M. C., Gjerde, H., & Morland, J. (2016). Driving under the influence of non-alcohol drugs--An update. Part II:

Experimental studies. Forensic Sci Rev, 28(2), 79-101.

Strauss, K., MacLean, C., Troy, A., & Littenberg, B. (2006). Driving distance as a barrier to glycemic control in diabetes. J

Gen Intern Med, 21(4), 378-380.

Strayer, D. L., & Drews, F. A. (2004). Profiles in driver distraction: effects of cell phone conversations on younger and

older drivers. Hum Factors, 46(4), 640-649. doi:10.1518/hfes.46.4.640.56806

Strohl, K. P., Brown, D. B., Collop, N., George, C., Grunstein, R., Han, F., . . . Wilson, K. (2013). An official American

Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline: sleep apnea, sleepiness, and driving risk in noncommercial

drivers. An update of a 1994 Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 187(11), 1259-1266.

doi:10.1164/rccm.201304-0726ST

Strohmeier, F. (2016). Barriers and their Influence on the Mobility Behavior of Elder Pedestrians in Urban Areas:

Challenges and Best Practice for Walkability in the City of Vienna. Transportation Research Procedia, 14,

1134-1143. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.184

Strutts, J. C., Wilkins, J. W., Reinfurt, D. W., Rodgman, E. A., & Heusen-Causey, V. (2001). The premature reduction and

cessation of driving by older men and women. Retrieved from Chapel Hill, NC:

Sturr, J. F., Kline, G. E., & Taub, H. A. (1990). Performance of young and older drivers on a static acuity test under

photopic and mesopic luminance conditions. Hum Factors, 32(1), 1-8.

Stutts, J. C. (1998). Do older drivers with visual and cognitive impairments drive less? J Am Geriatr Soc, 46(7), 854-861.

Stutts, J. C., & Martell, C. (1992). Older driver population and crash involvement trends, 1974-1988. Accid Anal Prev,

24(4), 317-327.

Stutts, J. C., Stewart, J. R., & Martell, C. (1998). Cognitive test performance and crash risk in an older driver population.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, 30(3), 337-346. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(97)00108-5

Stutts, J. C., & Wilkins, J. W. (2003). On-road driving evaluations: A potential tool for helping older adults drive safely

longer. J Safety Res, 34(4), 431-439. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2003.09.014

Sullivan, K. A., Smith, S. S., Horswill, M. S., & Lurie-Beck, J. K. (2011). Older adults' safety perceptions of driving

situations: towards a new driving self-regulation scale. Accid Anal Prev, 43(3), 1003-1009.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2010.11.031

Summala, H., Hakkanen, H., Mikkola, T., & Sinkkonen, J. (1999). Task effects on fatigue symptoms in overnight driving.

Ergonomics, 42(6), 798-806.

Summala, H., & Mikkola, T. (1994). Fatal accidents among car and truck drivers: effects of fatigue, age, and alcohol

consumption. Hum Factors, 36(2), 315-326.

Summala, H., Pasanen, E., Rasanen, M., & Sievanen, J. (1996). Bicycle accidents and drivers' visual search at left and

right turns. Accid Anal Prev, 28(2), 147-153.

Sundet, K., Goffeng, L., & Hofft, E. (1995). To drive or not to drive: neuropsychological assessment for driver's license

among stroke patients. Scand J Psychol, 36(1), 47-58.

Szakacs, Z., Adam, A., Annus, J. K., Csatlos, D., Laszlo, A., Kalabay, L., & Torzsa, P. (2016). [Hungarian Society for Sleep

Medicine guideline for detecting drivers with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome]. Orv Hetil, 157(23), 892-900.

doi:10.1556/650.2016.30451

Szlyk, J. P., Alexander, K. R., Severing, K., & Fishman, G. A. (1992). Assessment of driving performance in patients with

retinitis pigmentosa [see comments]. Arch Ophthalmol, 110(12), 1709-1713.

Szlyk, J. P., Brigell, M., & Seiple, W. (1993). Effects of age and hemianopic visual field loss on driving. Optom Vis Sci,

70(12), 1031-1037.

Szlyk, J. P., Fishman, G. A., Master, S. P., & Alexander, K. R. (1991). Peripheral vision screening for driving in retinitis

pigmentosa patients. Ophthalmology, 98(5), 612-618.

Szlyk, J. P., Mahler, C. L., Seiple, W., Vajaranant, T. S., Blair, N. P., & Shahidi, M. (2004). Relationship of retinal structural

and clinical vision parameters to driving performance of diabetic retinopathy patients. J Rehabil Res Dev,

41(3a), 347-358.

Szlyk, J. P., Myers, L., Zhang, Y., Wetzel, L., & Shapiro, R. (2002). Development and assessment of a neuropsychological

battery to aid in predicting driving performance. J Rehabil Res Dev, 39(4), 483-496.

Szlyk, J. P., Pizzimenti, C. E., Fishman, G. A., Kelsch, R., Wetzel, L. C., Kagan, S., & Ho, K. (1995). A comparison of driving

in older subjects with and without age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol, 113(8), 1033-1040.

Szlyk, J. P., Seiple, W., Laderman, D. J., Kelsch, R., Stelmack, J., & McMahon, T. (2000). Measuring the effectiveness of

bioptic telescopes for persons with central vision loss. J Rehabil Res Dev, 37(1), 101-108.

Szlyk, J. P., Seiple, W., & Viana, M. (1995). Relative effects of age and compromised vision on driving performance.

Hum Factors, 37(2), 430-436. doi:10.1518/001872095779064645

Szlyk, J. P., Taglia, D. P., Paliga, J., Edward, D. P., & Wilensky, J. T. (2002). Driving performance in patients with mild to

moderate glaucomatous clinical vision changes. J Rehabil Res Dev, 39(4), 467-482.

Szosland, D., & Marcinkiewicz, A. (2009). [The medical certification for diabetic drivers in selected countries outside

Europe]. Med Pr, 60(6), 543-548.

Tagliaro, F., De Battisti, Z., Lubli, G., Neri, C., Manetto, G., & Marigo, M. (1997). Integrated use of hair analysis to

investigate the physical fitness to obtain the driving licence: a casework study. Forensic Sci Int, 84(1-3),

129-135.

Talbot, A., Bruce, I., Cunningham, C. J., Coen, R. F., Lawlor, B. A., Coakley, D., . . . O'Neill, D. (2005). Driving cessation in

patients attending a memory clinic. Age Ageing, 34(4), 363-368.

Talbot, E. M., & Perkins, A. (1998). The benefit of second eye cataract surgery. Eye, 12(( Pt 6)), 983-989.

Tan, K. M., O'Driscoll, A., & O'Neill, D. (2011). Factors affecting return to driving post-stroke. Ir J Med Sci, 180(1), 41-45.

doi:10.1007/s11845-010-0528-9

Tan, V. H., Ritchie, D., Maxey, C., & Sheldon, R. (2016). Prospective Assessment of the Risk of Vasovagal Syncope

During Driving. JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology, 2(2), 203-208.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacep.2015.10.006

Taneja, S., & Dhiman, R. K. (2016). Can Testing the Impact of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy on Driving Skills be

Prolific to Translate Research to Real Life Clinical Medicine? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology,

6(1), 1-2. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2016.03.007

Tatum, W. O., Worley, A. V., & Selenica, M. L. (2012). Disobedience and driving in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy

Behav, 23(1), 30-35. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.10.015

Tay, R. (2006). Ageing drivers: storm in a teacup? Accid Anal Prev, 38(1), 112-121.

Taylor, B. D., & Tripodes, S. (2001). The effects of driving cessation on the elderly with dementia and their caregivers.

Accid Anal Prev, 33(4), 519-528.

Taylor, J. E., Alpass, F., Stephens, C., & Towers, A. (2011). Driving anxiety and fear in young older adults in New

Zealand. Age Ageing, 40(1), 62-66. doi:10.1093/ageing/afq154

Taylor, J. F. (1987). Vision and driving. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 7(2), 187-189.

Teeters, J. B., Borsari, B., Martens, M. P., & Murphy, J. G. (2015). Brief Motivational Interventions Are Associated With

Reductions in Alcohol-Impaired Driving Among College Drinkers. J Stud Alcohol Drugs, 76(5), 700-709.

Teeters, J. B., & Murphy, J. G. (2015). The behavioral economics of driving after drinking among college drinkers.

Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 39(5), 896-904. doi:10.1111/acer.12695

Teeters, J. B., Pickover, A. M., Dennhardt, A. A., Martens, M. P., & Murphy, J. G. (2014). Elevated alcohol demand is

associated with driving after drinking among college student binge drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 38(7),

2066-2072. doi:10.1111/acer.12448

Tefft, B. (2016). Acute sleep deprivation and risk of motor vehicle crash involvement. Retrieved from Washingon DC:

Tefft, B. C. (2014). Driver license renewal policies and fatal crash involvement rates of older drivers, United States,

1986-2011. Inj Epidemiol, 1(1), 25. doi:10.1186/s40621-014-0025-0

Teng, A. Y., & Won, C. (2012). Implications of OSA on Work and Work Disability Including Drivers. Clinics in Chest

Medicine, 33(4), 731-744. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccm.2012.09.003

Teoh, E. R., Carter, D. L., Smith, S., & McCartt, A. T. (2017). Crash risk factors for interstate large trucks in North

Carolina. J Safety Res, 62, 13-21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2017.05.002

Teran-Santos, J., Egea Santaolalla, C., Montserrat, J. M., Masa Jimenez, F., Librada Escribano, M. V., Mirabet, E., &

Valdes Rodriguez, E. (2017). Sleep Apnea and Driving. Recommendations for Interpreting Spanish

Regulations for Drivers. Arch Bronconeumol, 53(6), 336-341. doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2016.11.007

Tervo, T., Raty, E., Sulander, P., Holopainen, J., Jaakkola, T., & Parkkari, K. (2014). Sudden death at the wheel due to a

disease attack. Traffic Inj Prev, 14, 138-144. doi:10.1080/15389588.2012.695827

The Hartford Centre for Mature Market Excellence. At the crossroads: Family conversations about Alzheimer's disease,

Dementia and driving. Safe driving for a lifetime. Retrieved from

https://www.thehartford.com/sites/the_hartford/files/cmme-crossroads.pdf

The Lancet Respiratory, M. (2017). Sleep apnoea and driving: more clarity needed. Lancet Respir Med, 5(2), 85.

doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(17)30020-6

Thiese, M. S., Hanowski, R. J., Kales, S. N., Porter, R. J., Moffitt, G., Hu, N., & Hegmann, K. T. (2017). Multiple Conditions

Increase Preventable Crash Risks Among Truck Drivers in a Cohort Study. J Occup Environ Med, 59(2),

205-211. doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000937

Thiese, M. S., Moffitt, G., Hanowski, R. J., Kales, S. N., Porter, R. J., & Hegmann, K. T. (2015). Repeated Cross-Sectional

Assessment of Commercial Truck Driver Health. J Occup Environ Med, 57(9), 1022-1027.

doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000522

Thiese, M. S., Ott, U., Robbins, R., Effiong, A., Murtaugh, M., Lemke, M. R., . . . Hegmann, K. T. (2015). Factors Associated

With Truck Crashes in a Large Cross Section of Commercial Motor Vehicle Drivers. J Occup Environ Med,

57(10), 1098-1106. doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000503

Thomas, R. H., & Hughes, T. A. (2009). "Can I drive, doctor?" LEAN thinking may help us answer the question. Pract

Neurol, 9(2), 71-78; discussion 78-79. doi:9/2/71 [pii]

10.1136/jnnp.2008.171157

Thompson, D. C., Rivara, F. P., Thompson, R. S., Salzberg, P. M., Wolf, M. E., & Pearson, D. C. (1993). Use of behavioral

risk factor surveys to predict alcohol-related motor vehicle events. Am J Prev Med, 9(4), 224-230.

Thompson, J. P., Baldock, M. R., Mathias, J. L., & Wundersitz, L. N. (2013). An examination of the environmental, driver

and vehicle factors associated with the serious and fatal crashes of older rural drivers. Accid Anal Prev, 50,

768-775. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.06.028

Tippetts, A. S., Voas, R. B., Fell, J. C., & Nichols, J. L. (2005). A meta-analysis of .08 BAC laws in 19 jurisdictions in the

United States. Accid Anal Prev, 37(1), 149-161.

Tippin, J., & Dyken, M. E. (2017). Driving Safety and Fitness to Drive in Sleep Disorders. Continuum (Minneap Minn),

23(4, Sleep Neurology), 1156-1161. doi:10.1212/con.0000000000000490

Tippin, J., Sparks, J., & Rizzo, M. (2009). Visual vigilance in drivers with obstructive sleep apnea. Journal of

Psychosomatic Research, 67(2), 143-151. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.03.015

Tison, F., Barberger-Gateau, P., Dubroca, B., Henry, P., & Dartigues, J. F. (1997). Dependency in Parkinson's disease: a

population-based survey in nondemented elderly subjects. Mov Disord, 12(6), 910-915.

Tlupova, T. G., Aidarova, E. M., Chernysheva, S. G., & El'garov, A. A. (1996). [Visual function of automobile drivers

during the workday]. Med Tr Prom Ekol, 8, 4-6.

Toennes, S. W., & Kauert, G. F. (2004). Driving under the influence of khat--alkaloid concentrations and observations in

forensic cases. Forensic Sci Int, 140(1), 85-90.

Tombaugh, T. N. (2004). Trail Making Test A and B: Normative data stratified by age and education. Archives of

Clinical Neuropsychology, 19(2), 203-214. doi:10.1016/s0887-6177(03)00039-8

Tomioka, H., Yamagata, B., Takahashi, T., Yano, M., Isomura, A. J., Kobayashi, H., & Mimura, M. (2009). Detection of

hypofrontality in drivers with Alzheimer's disease by near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurosci Lett, 451(3),

252-256. doi:S0304-3940(09)00005-6 [pii]

10.1016/j.neulet.2008.12.059

Tomson, T., Beghi, E., Sundqvist, A., & Johannessen, S. I. (2004). Medical risks in epilepsy: a review with focus on

physical injuries, mortality, traffic accidents and their prevention. Epilepsy Research, 60(1), 1-16.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2004.05.004

Tong, L., & Vernon, S. A. (2000). Passing the DVLA field regulations following bilateral macular photocoagulation in

diabetics. Eye, 14(Pt 1), 35-38.

Tornros, J., & Laurell, H. (1990). Acute and carry-over effects of brotizolam compared to nitrazepam and placebo in

monotonous simulated driving. Pharmacol Toxicol, 67(1), 77-80.

Tornros, J., & Laurell, H. (1991). Acute and hang-over effects of alcohol on simulated driving performance. Blutalkohol,

28(1), 24-30.

Towner, B., & Yanochko-Horsley, P. (2007). Nurse Practitioner Role in Safe Senior Mobility. The Journal for Nurse

Practitioners, 3(2), 91-96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2006.10.004

Transportation Research Board. (1999). Transportation in an aging society: A decade of experience. Technical papers

and reports. Paper presented at the Transportation in an aging society: A decade of experience, Bethesda,

Maryland.

Transportation Research Board. (2004). Transportation in an Aging Society: a Decade of

Experience. Washington DC: Transportation Research Board.

Trappe, H. J., Wenzlaff, P., & Grellman, G. (1998). Should patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators be

allowed to drive? Observations in 291 patients from a single center over an 11-year period. J Interv Card

Electrophysiol, 2(2), 193-201.

Tregear, S., Reston, J., Schoelles, K., & Phillips, B. (2009). Obstructive sleep apnea and risk of motor vehicle crash:

systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Sleep Med, 5(6), 573-581.

Trobe, J. D., Waller, P. F., Cook-Flannagan, C. A., Teshima, S. M., & Bieliauskas, L. A. (1996). Crashes and violations

among drivers with Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol, 53(5), 411-416.

Tsuang, M. T., Boor, M., & Fleming, J. A. (1985). Psychiatric aspects of traffic accidents. The American Journal Of

Psychiatry, 142(5), 538-546.

Tunbridge, R. J., Keigan, M., & James, F. J. (2001). The incidence of drigs and alcohol in road accident fatalities.

Retrieved from Crowthorne, UK: https://trl.co.uk/reports/RR202

Tuokko, H., Myers, A., Jouk, A., Marshall, S., Man-Son-Hing, M., Porter, M. M., . . . Vrkljan, B. (2013). Associations

between age, gender, psychosocial and health characteristics in the Candrive II study cohort. Accid Anal Prev,

61, 267-271. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.036

Tuokko, H., Rhodes, R. E., Love, J., Cloutier, D., Jouk, A., & Schoklitsch, A. (2015). Just the facts: changes in older driver

attitudes after exposure to educational interventions. Traffic Inj Prev, 16(6), 558-564.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2014.992067

Tuokko, H., Tallman, K., Beattie, B. L., Cooper, P., & Weir, J. (1995). An examination of driving records in a dementia

clinic. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 50(3), S173-181.

Tuokko, H. A., McGee, P., Gabriel, G., & Rhodes, R. E. (2007). Perception, attitudes and beliefs, and openness to

change: Implications for older driver education. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39(4), 812-817.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2006.12.002

Turano, K. A., Munoz, B., Hassan, S. E., Duncan, D. D., Gower, E. W., Roche, K. B., . . . West, S. K. (2009). Poor sense of

direction is associated with constricted driving space in older drivers. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 64(3),

348-355. doi:gbp017 [pii]

10.1093/geronb/gbp017

Turkington, P. M., Sircar, M., Saralaya, D., & Elliott, M. W. (2004). Time course of changes in driving simulator

performance with and without treatment in patients with sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome. Thorax, 59(1),

56-59.

Turner, H. M. S. (1937). ROAD ACCIDENTS AS A PROBLEM OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE. The Lancet, 230(5954), 881.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)88785-1

Uc, E. Y., & Rizzo, M. (2008). Driving and neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, 8(5), 377-383.

Uc, E. Y., Rizzo, M., Anderson, S. W., Dastrup, E., Sparks, J. D., & Dawson, J. D. (2009). Driving under low-contrast

visibility conditions in Parkinson disease. Neurology, 73(14), 1103-1110. doi:73/14/1103 [pii]

10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181bacf6e

Uc, E. Y., Rizzo, M., Anderson, S. W., Shi, Q., & Dawson, J. D. (2004). Driver route-following and safety errors in early

Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 63(5), 832-837.

Uc, E. Y., Rizzo, M., Anderson, S. W., Shi, Q., & Dawson, J. D. (2005). Driver landmark and traffic sign identification in

early Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 76(6), 764-768.

Uc, E. Y., Rizzo, M., Anderson, S. W., Shi, Q., & Dawson, J. D. (2006). Unsafe rear-end collision avoidance in Alzheimer's

disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 251(1–2), 35-43. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2006.08.011

Uc, E. Y., Rizzo, M., Anderson, S. W., Sparks, J., Rodnitzky, R. L., & Dawson, J. D. (2006). Impaired visual search in drivers

with Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol, 60(4), 407-413.

Uc, E. Y., Rizzo, M., Anderson, S. W., Sparks, J. D., Rodnitzky, R. L., & Dawson, J. D. (2007). Impaired navigation in drivers

with Parkinson's disease. Brain, 130(Pt 9), 2433-2440. doi:awm178 [pii]

10.1093/brain/awm178 [doi]

Uitti, R. J. (2009). Parkinson's disease and issues related to driving. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 15, Supplement

3, S122-S125. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-8020(09)70797-7

UK DVLA. (2016). Assessing fitness to drive: a guide for medical professionals. Retrieved from

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/assessing-fitness-to-drive-a-guide-for-medical-professionals

Ulrich, L. (1994). [Benzodiazepines in blood samples of alcohol intoxicated drivers]. Blutalkohol, 31(3), 165-177.

Underwood, M. (1992). The older driver. Clinical assessment and injury prevention [see comments]. Arch Intern Med,

152(4), 735-740.

Unni, A., Ihme, K., Jipp, M., & Rieger, J. W. (2017). Assessing the Driver's Current Level of Working Memory Load with

High Density Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy: A Realistic Driving Simulator Study. Front Hum

Neurosci, 11, 167. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00167

Unsworth, C. A. (2007). Development and current status of occupational therapy driver assessment and rehabilitation

in Victoria, Australia. Aust Occup Ther J, 54(2), 153-156.

Unsworth, C. A. (2007). Using social judgment theory to study occupational therapists' use of information when

making driver licensing recommendations for older and functionally impaired adults. Am J Occup Ther, 61(5),

493-502.

Unsworth, C. A. (2010). Issues surrounding driving and driver assessment for people with mental health problems.

MENT HEALTH OCCUP THER, 15(2), 41.

Unsworth, C. A., & Baker, A. (2014). Driver rehabilitation: A systematic review of the types and effectiveness of

interventions used by occupational therapists to improve on-road fitness-to-drive. Accident Analysis &

Prevention, 71, 106-114. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.04.017

Unsworth, C. A., Baker, A., Man, H. S., Harries, P., & O'Neill, D. (2017). A systematic review of evidence for

fitness-to-drive among people with the mental health conditions of schizophrenia, stress/anxiety disorder,

depression, personality disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. BMC Psychiatry, In Press.

Unsworth, C. A., Baker, A., Taitz, C., Chan, S. P., Pallant, J. F., Russell, K. J., & Odell, M. (2012). Development of a

standardised Occupational Therapy--Driver Off-Road Assessment Battery to assess older and/or functionally

impaired drivers. Aust Occup Ther J, 59(1), 23-36. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1630.2011.00979.x

Unsworth, C. A., Wells, Y., Browning, C., Thomas, S. A., & Kendig, H. (2007). To continue, modify or relinquish driving:

findings from a longitudinal study of healthy ageing. Gerontology, 53(6), 423-431. doi:000111489 [pii]

10.1159/000111489

Upmark, M., Karlsson, G., & Romelsjo, A. (1999). Drink driving and criminal behaviours as risk factors for receipt of

disability pension and sick leave: a prospective study of young men. Addiction, 94(4), 507-519.

Uribe-Leitz, T., Barmak, L. A., Park, A., Howland, J., Lee, V., Lodato, E., . . . Burke, P. A. (2015). Evaluating three methods

to encourage mentally competent older adults to assess their driving behavior. J Trauma Acute Care Surg,

79(1), 125-131. doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000000695

Vaa, T. (2003). Impairment, diseases, age and their relative risks of accident involvement: Results from meta-analysis.

(TØI report 690). Oslo: Norwegian Institute of Transport Economics Retrieved from

https://www.toi.no/getfile.php?mmfileid=5780.

Vaa, T. (2014). ADHD and relative risk of accidents in road traffic: A meta-analysis. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 62,

415-425. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.10.003

Vaa, T., Assum, T., & Elvik, R. (2013). Driver support systems and road safety outcomes: Potential effects on fatal

accidents. Paper presented at the World Congress in ITS, Tokyo.

Vaca, F. E., Li, K., Hingson, R., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2016). Transitions in Riding With an Alcohol/Drug-Impaired

Driver From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood in the United States. J Stud Alcohol Drugs, 77(1), 77-85.

Valcour, V. G., Masaki, K. H., & Blanchette, P. L. (2002). Self-reported driving, cognitive status, and physician awareness

of cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc, 50(7), 1265-1267.

van der Sluiszen, N., Vermeeren, A., Jongen, S., Vinckenbosch, F., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2017). Influence of Long-Term

Benzodiazepine use on Neurocognitive Skills Related to Driving Performance in Patient Populations: A

Review. Pharmacopsychiatry. doi:10.1055/s-0043-112755

Van Dyke, N. A., & Fillmore, M. T. (2015). Distraction produces over-additive increases in the degree to which alcohol

impairs driving performance. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 232(23), 4277-4284.

doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4055-2

Van Dyke, N. A., & Fillmore, M. T. (2017). Laboratory analysis of risky driving at 0.05% and 0.08% blood alcohol

concentration. Drug Alcohol Depend, 175, 127-132. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.02.005

van Laar, M. W., van Willigenburg, A. P., & Volkerts, E. R. (1995). Acute and subchronic effects of nefazodone and

imipramine on highway driving, cognitive functions, and daytime sleepiness in healthy adult and elderly

subjects. J Clin Psychopharmacol, 15(1), 30-40.

van Loon, R. J., Brouwer, R. F., & Martens, M. H. (2015). Drowsy drivers' under-performance in lateral control: How

much is too much? Using an integrated measure of lateral control to quantify safe lateral driving. Accid Anal

Prev, 84, 134-143. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.08.012

van Rijn, L. J., Nischler, C., Michael, R., Heine, C., Coeckelbergh, T., Wilhelm, H., . . . van den Berg, T. J. (2011). Prevalence

of impairment of visual function in European drivers. Acta Ophthalmol, 89(2), 124-131.

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01640.x

van Rijn, L. J., Wilhelm, H., Emesz, M., Kaper, R., Heine, S., Nitsch, S., . . . Volker-Dieben, H. J. (2002). Relation between

perceived driving disability and scores of vision screening tests. Br J Ophthalmol, 86(11), 1262-1264.

Vance, D. E., Fazeli, P. L., Ball, D. A., Slater, L. Z., & Ross, L. A. (2014). Cognitive functioning and driving simulator

performance in middle-aged and older adults with HIV. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care, 25(2), e11-26.

doi:10.1016/j.jana.2013.12.001

Vance, D. E., Roenker, D. L., Cissell, G. M., Edwards, J. D., Wadley, V. G., & Ball, K. K. (2006). Predictors of driving

exposure and avoidance in a field study of older drivers from the state of Maryland. Accid Anal Prev, 38(4),

823-831.

Vaphiades, M. S., Kline, L. B., McGwin, G., Owsley, C., Shah, R., & Wood, J. M. (2014). Prediction of Driving Safety in

Individuals with Homonymous Hemianopia and Quadrantanopia from Clinical Neuroimaging. Journal of

Ophthalmology, 2014, 6. doi:10.1155/2014/754042

Vardaki, S., Devos, H., Beratis, I., Yannis, G., & Papageorgiou, S. G. (2016). Exploring the association between working

memory and driving performance in Parkinson's disease. Traffic Inj Prev, 17(4), 359-366.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1091926

Vaucher, P., Cardoso, I., Veldstra, J. L., Herzig, D., Herzog, M., Mangin, P., & Favrat, B. (2014). A neuropsychological

instrument measuring age-related cerebral decline in older drivers: development, reliability, and validity of

MedDrive. Front Hum Neurosci, 8, 772. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00772

Vaucher, P., Herzig, D., Cardoso, I., Herzog, M. H., Mangin, P., & Favrat, B. (2014). The trail making test as a screening

instrument for driving performance in older drivers; a translational research. BMC Geriatr, 14, 123.

doi:10.1186/1471-2318-14-123

Vaucher, P., Michiels, W., Joris Lambert, S., Favre, N., Perez, B., Baertschi, A., . . . Gache, P. (2016). Benefits of short

educational programmes in preventing drink-driving recidivism: A ten-year follow-up randomised controlled

trial. Int J Drug Policy, 32, 70-76. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.03.006

Vaucher, P., Pasche, C., & Favrat, B. (2015). Technical Comment on "Saccadic eye movement performance as an

indicator of driving ability in elderly drivers". Swiss Med Wkly, 145, w14194. doi:10.4414/smw.2015.14194

Vaughan, L., Hogan, P. E., Rapp, S. R., Dugan, E., Marottoli, R. A., Snively, B. M., . . . Sink, K. M. (2015). Driving with Mild

Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: Cognitive Test Performance and Proxy Report of Daily Life Function in

Older Women. J Am Geriatr Soc, 63(9), 1774-1782. doi:10.1111/jgs.13634

Vaz Fragoso, C. A., Araujo, K. L., Van Ness, P. H., & Marottoli, R. A. (2008). Prevalence of sleep disturbances in a cohort

of older drivers. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 63(7), 715-723. doi:63/7/715 [pii]

Veen, C., & Bruyns, E. (1999). [Driving competence of the elderly with cognitive problems. Assessment and

recommendations]. Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr, 30(4), 153-157.

Vehicles, M. o. P. S. a. S. G. O. o. t. S. o. M. (2010). BC Guide in Determining Fitness to Drive. British Columbia: Ministry

of Public Safety and Solicitor General Office of the Superintentent of Motor Vehicles Retrieved from

http://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/driving-and-transportation/driving/publications/2010-guide-in-determini

ng-fitness-to-drive.pdf.

Veneziano, C., & Veneziano, L. (1992). Psychosocial characteristics of persons convicted of driving while intoxicated.

Psychol Rep, 70(3 Pt 2), 1123-1130.

Vernon, D. D., Diller, E. M., Cook, L. J., Reading, J. C., Suruda, A. J., & Dean, J. M. (2002). Evaluating the crash and

citation rates of Utah drivers licensed with medical conditions, 1992-1996. Accid Anal Prev, 34, 237-246.

Vernon, E. K., Babulal, G. M., Head, D., Carr, D., Ghoshal, N., Barco, P. P., . . . Roe, C. M. (2015). Adults Aged 65 and

Older Use Potentially Distracting Electronic Devices While Driving. J Am Geriatr Soc, 63(6), 1251-1254.

doi:10.1111/jgs.13499

Versijpt, J., Tant, M., Beyer, I., Bier, J. C., Cras, P., De Deyn, P. P., . . . Ivanoiu, A. (2017). Alzheimer's disease and driving:

review of the literature and consensus guideline from Belgian dementia experts and the Belgian road safety

institute endorsed by the Belgian Medical Association. Acta Neurologica Belgica, 117(4), 811-819.

doi:10.1007/s13760-017-0840-5

Verster, J. C., & Roth, T. (2013). Blood drug concentrations of benzodiazepines correlate poorly with actual driving

impairment. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 17(2), 153-159. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2012.05.004

Verster, J. C., Veldhuijzen, D. S., Patat, A., Olivier, B., & Volkerts, E. R. (2006). Hypnotics and driving safety:

meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials applying the on-the-road driving test. Curr Drug Saf, 1(1),

63-71.

Vichitvanichphong, S., Talaei-Khoei, A., Kerr, D., & Ghapanchi, A. H. (2015). What Does Happen to Our Driving When

We Get Older? Transport Reviews, 35(1), 56-81.

Vieira, M. C., Sperandei, S., & Reis, A. C. (2016). Physical activity overcomes the effects of cumulative work time on

hypertension prevalence among Brazilian taxi drivers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 56(5), 631-638.

Vierling, J. M. (2015). Legal Responsibilities of Physicians When They Diagnose Hepatic Encephalopathy. Clin Liver Dis,

19(3), 577-589. doi:10.1016/j.cld.2015.04.004

Viitanen, O., & Arjamaa, O. (2014). - Projected changes in age-related macular degeneration and driving license

holders in finland. - 8, - 1917.

Vindenes, V., Boix, F., Koksaeter, P., Strand, M. C., Bachs, L., Morland, J., & Gjerde, H. (2014). Drugged driving arrests in

Norway before and after the implementation of per se law. Forensic Sci Int, 245, 171-177.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.10.038

Vingilis, E., Mann, R. E., Erickson, P., Toplak, M., Kolla, N. J., Seeley, J., & Jain, U. (2014). Attention deficit hyperactivity

disorder, other mental health problems, substance use, and driving: examination of a population-based,

representative canadian sample. Traffic Inj Prev, 15 Suppl 1, S1-9. doi:10.1080/15389588.2014.926341

Vlahodimitrakou, Z., Charlton, J. L., Langford, J., Koppel, S., Di Stefano, M., Macdonald, W., . . . Marshall, S. (2013).

Development and evaluation of a Driving Observation Schedule (DOS) to study everyday driving

performance of older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 61, 253-260.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.03.027

Voas, R. B. (2014). Enhancing the Use of Vehicle Alcohol Interlocks With Emerging Technology. Alcohol Res, 36(1),

81-89.

Voas, R. B., DuPont, R. L., Shea, C. L., & Talpins, S. K. (2013). Prescription drugs, drugged driving and per se laws. Inj

Prev, 19(3), 218-221. doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040498

Voas, R. B., DuPont, R. L., Talpins, S. K., & Shea, C. L. (2011). Towards a national model for managing impaired driving

offenders. Addiction, 106(7), 1221-1227. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03339.x

Voas, R. B., & Fell, J. C. (2011). Preventing impaired driving opportunities and problems. Alcohol Res Health, 34(2),

225-235.

Voas, R. B., Johnson, M. B., & Miller, B. A. (2013). Alcohol and drug use among young adults driving to a drinking

location. Drug Alcohol Depend, 132(1-2), 69-73. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.01.014

Voas, R. B., Lacey, J. H., Jones, K., Scherer, M., & Compton, R. (2013). Drinking drivers and drug use on weekend nights

in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend, 130(1-3), 215-221. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.007

Voas, R. B., Tippetts, A. S., Bergen, G., Grosz, M., & Marques, P. (2016). Mandating Treatment Based on Interlock

Performance: Evidence for Effectiveness. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 40(9), 1953-1960. doi:10.1111/acer.13149

Voas, R. B., Tippetts, S. S., Fisher, D., & Grosz, M. (2010). Requiring suspended drunk drivers to install alcohol interlocks

to reinstate their licenses: effective? Addiction, 105(8), 1422-1428. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02987.x

Voas, R. B., Torres, P., Romano, E., & Lacey, J. H. (2012). Alcohol-related risk of driver fatalities: an update using 2007

data. J Stud Alcohol Drugs, 73(3), 341-350.

Voas, R. B., & Williams, A. F. (1986). Age differences of arrested and crash-involved drinking drivers. J Stud Alcohol,

47(3), 244-248.

Vohringer, P. A., Barroilhet, S. A., Amerio, A., Reale, M. L., Alvear, K., Vergne, D., & Ghaemi, S. N. (2013). Cognitive

impairment in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: a systematic review. Front Psychiatry, 4, 87.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00087

Von Arx, O. A., Langdown, A. J., Brooks, R. A., & Woods, D. A. (2004). Driving whilst plastered: is it safe, is it legal?: A

survey of advice to patients given by orthopaedic surgeons, insurance companies and the police. Injury,

35(9), 883-887. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2003.08.012

von Bartheld, C. S. (2017). Myths and truths about the cellular composition of the human brain: A review of influential

concepts. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.08.004

Vrkljan, B. H., Cranney, A., Worswick, J., O'Donnell, S., Li, L. C., Gelinas, I., . . . Marshall, S. (2010). Supporting safe driving

with arthritis: developing a driving toolkit for clinical practice and consumer use. Am J Occup Ther, 64(2),

259-267.

Vrkljan, B. H., McGrath, C. E., & Letts, L. J. (2011). Assessment tools for evaluating fitness to drive: a critical appraisal of

evidence. Can J Occup Ther, 78(2), 80-96.

Vrkljan, B. H., Myers, A. M., Blanchard, R. A., Crizzle, A. M., & Marshall, S. (2015). Practices used by occupational

therapists and others in driving assessment centers for determining fitness-to-drive: A case-based approach.

Phys Occup Ther Geriatr, 33(2), 163-174. doi:10.3109/02703181.2015.1016647

Vrkljan, B. H., Myers, A. M., Crizzle, A. M., Blanchard, R. A., & Marshall, S. C. (2013). Evaluating medically at-risk drivers:

a survey of assessment practices in Canada. Can J Occup Ther, 80(5), 295-303.

doi:10.1177/0008417413511788

Vrkljan, B. H., & Polgar, J. M. (2007). Driving, navigation, and vehicular technology: experiences of older drivers and

their co-pilots. Traffic Inj Prev, 8(4), 403-410. doi:784412391 [pii]

10.1080/15389580701576423 [doi]

Vuadens, P., & Comte, P. A. (2001). [Assessment of car driving skills in brain injured individuals]. Rev Med Suisse

Romande, 121(6), 453-456.

Wadley, V. G., Okonkwo, O., Crowe, M., Vance, D. E., Elgin, J. M., Ball, K. K., & Owsley, C. (2009). Mild cognitive

impairment and everyday function: an investigation of driving performance. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 22(2),

87-94. doi:0891988708328215 [pii]

10.1177/0891988708328215

Waetjen, R., Schiefer, U., Gaigl, A., & Aulhorn, E. (1992). Influence of windshield tint and tilt on recognition distance

under mesopic conditions. Ger J Ophthalmol, 1(6), 424-428.

Wagner, J. T., Muri, R. M., Nef, T., & Mosimann, U. P. (2011). Cognition and driving in older persons. Swiss Med Wkly,

140, w13136. doi:10.4414/smw.2011.13136

Wagrowska-Koski, E., & Rybacki, M. (2008). [Guidelines on prophylactic medical examinations of drivers]. Med Pr,

59(1), 39-47.

Walker, N., Fain, W. B., Fisk, A. D., & McGuire, C. L. (1997). Aging and decision making: driving-related problem solving.

Hum Factors, 39(3), 438-444.

Wallace, R. B. (1997). Cognitive change, medical illness, and crash risk among older drivers: an epidemiological

consideration. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 11 Suppl 1, 31-37.

Wallace, R. B., & Retchin, S. M. (1992). A geriatric and gerontologic perspective on the effects of medical conditions on

older drivers: discussion of Waller. Hum Factors, 34(1), 17-24.

Waller, J. A. (1977). Hunting the evasive solutions to medical impairment and highway crashes. Journal of Chronic

Diseases, 30(7), 393-400. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9681(77)90033-9

Waller, J. A. (1987). Driving patterns before and after hospitalization for heart disease. Accid Anal Prev, 19(2), 105-114.

Waller, J. A. (1992). Research and other issues concerning effects of medical conditions on elderly drivers. Hum

Factors, 34(1), 3-15; discussion 17-24.

Waller, J. A., & Thunen, R. V. (1963). Medical handicaps to driving. The pysician's dilemma in evaluation. Calif Med, 98,

275-278.

Waller, P. F. (1991). The older driver. Hum Factors, 33(5), 499-505. doi:10.1177/001872089103300502

Wang, C. C., & Carr, D. B. (2004). Older driver safety: a report from the older drivers project. J Am Geriatr Soc, 52(1),

143-149.

Wang, C. C., Kosinski, C., Schwartzberg, J. G., & Shanklin, A. (2003). Physician's guide to assessing and counseling older

drivers. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Wang, H., Mo, X., Wang, Y., Liu, R., Qiu, P., & Dai, J. (2016). Assessing Chinese coach drivers’ fitness to drive: The

development of a toolkit based on cognition measurements. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 95, Part B,

395-404. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.09.019

Wang, S. Y., Chi, G. B., Jing, C. X., Dong, X. M., Wu, C. P., & Li, L. P. (2003). Trends in road traffic crashes and associated

injury and fatality in the People's Republic of China, 1951-1999. Inj Control Saf Promot, 10(1-2), 83-87.

Wareham, C. (2017). Confidentiality and fitness to drive: Professional, ethical, and legal duties in the case of the

diabetic bus driver. S Afr Med J, 107(8), 684-686. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2017.v107i8.12412

Watanabe, A., Tuchida, T., Yata, Y., & Kuwabara, Y. (1995). Evaluation of neuropsychological function in patients with

liver cirrhosis with special reference to their driving ability. Metab Brain Dis, 10(3), 239-248.

Watanabe, E., Abe, H., & Watanabe, S. (In Press). Driving restrictions in patients with implantable cardioverter

defibrillators and pacemakers. Journal of Arrhythmia. doi:10.1016/j.joa.2017.02.003

Watanabe, E., Okajima, K., Shimane, A., Ozawa, T., Manaka, T., Morishima, I., . . . Okumura, K. (2017). Inappropriate

implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks-incidence, effect, and implications for driver licensing. J Interv

Card Electrophysiol, 49(3), 271-280. doi:10.1007/s10840-017-0272-4

Watling, C. N., Armstrong, K. A., Obst, P. L., & Smith, S. S. (2014). Continuing to drive while sleepy: the influence of

sleepiness countermeasures, motivation for driving sleepy, and risk perception. Accid Anal Prev, 73, 262-268.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.09.021

Watling, C. N., Armstrong, K. A., & Radun, I. (2015). Examining signs of driver sleepiness, usage of sleepiness

countermeasures and the associations with sleepy driving behaviours and individual factors. Accid Anal Prev,

85, 22-29. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.08.022

Watling, C. N., Armstrong, K. A., Smith, S. S., & Obst, P. L. (2016). Crash risk perception of sleepy driving and its

comparisons with drink driving and speeding: Which behavior is perceived as the riskiest? Traffic Inj Prev,

17(4), 400-405. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1096350

Watling, C. N., Armstrong, K. A., Smith, S. S., & Wilson, A. (2016). The on-road experiences and awareness of sleepiness

in a sample of Australian highway drivers: A roadside driver sleepiness study. Traffic Inj Prev, 17(1), 24-30.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1033690

Watson, T., & Mann, R. (2016). International approaches to driving under the influence of cannabis: A review of

evidence on impact. Drugs and Alcohol Dependence, 169(2016), 148-155.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.023

Watson, W. A., Currie, T., Lemon, J. S., & Gold, A. E. (2007). Driving and insulin-treated diabetes: who knows the rules

and recommendations? Practical Diabetes, 24. doi:10.1002/pdi.1097

Watts, P., O'Duffy, D., Riddell, C., McCleod, S., & Watson, S. L. (1998). Can I drive after those drops, doctor? Eye, 12(( Pt

6)), 963-966.

Weaver, B., Bedard, M., McAuliffe, J., & Parkkari, M. (2009). Using the Attention Network Test to predict driving test

scores. Accid Anal Prev, 41(1), 76-83. doi:S0001-4575(08)00185-1 [pii]

10.1016/j.aap.2008.09.006

Wein, C., Koch, H., Popp, B., Oehler, G., & Schauder, P. (2004). Minimal hepatic encephalopathy impairs fitness to drive.

Hepatology, 39(3), 739-745.

Weinger, K., Kinsley, B. T., Levy, C. J., Bajaj, M., Simonson, D. C., Cox, D. J., . . . Jacobson, A. M. (1999). The perception of

safe driving ability during hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Am J Med, 107(3), 246-253.

Weir, E. (2017). Using the Upshur principles to discuss medical fitness to drive. Can Fam Physician, 63(4), 269-272.

Weir, N., Fischer, A., & Good, P. (2017). Assessing the practice of Palliative Care Doctors - What driving advice do they

give patients with advanced disease? Intern Med J. doi:10.1111/imj.13571

Wells-Parker, E., Miles, S., & Spencer, B. (1983). Stress experiences and drinking histories of elderly drunken-driving

offenders. J Stud Alcohol, 44(3), 429-437.

Werner, P. (2007). Family physicians' perceptions and predictors regarding the competence of a person with

Alzheimer's disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(4), 320-326.

West, C. G., Gildengorin, G., Haegerstrom-Portnoy, G., Lott, L. A., Schneck, M. E., & Brabyn, J. A. (2003). Vision and

driving self-restriction in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 51(10), 1348-1355.

West, R., Wilding, J., French, D., Kemp, R., & Irving, A. (1993). Effect of low and moderate doses of alcohol on driving

hazard perception latency and driving speed. Addiction, 88(4), 527-532.

West, S. K., Hahn, D. V., Baldwin, K. C., Duncan, D. D., Munoz, B. E., Turano, K. A., . . . Bandeen-Roche, K. (2010). Older

drivers and failure to stop at red lights. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 65(2), 179-183. doi:glp136 [pii]

10.1093/gerona/glp136

Weymann, M. F. (1930). The Visual Acuity of Automobile Drivers. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 13(5), 441-442.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9394(30)92196-4

Wheatley, C. J., & Di Stefano, M. (2008). Individualized assessment of driving fitness for older individuals with health,

disability, and age-related concerns. Traffic Inj Prev, 9(4), 320-327. doi:901525681 [pii]

10.1080/15389580801895269

Whelan, D., & Cashman, C. (2007). Medical assessment of fitness to drive for commercial and private vehicle drivers. Ir

Med J, 100(5), 456-458.

Whelihan, W. M., DiCarlo, M. A., & Paul, R. H. (2005). The relationship of neuropsychological functioning to driving

competence in older persons with early cognitive decline. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 20(2),

217-228.

White, J. E., Marshall, S. C., Diedrich-Closson, K. L., & Burton, A. L. (2001). Evaluation of motor vehicle driving

performance in patients with chronic diplopia. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology

and Strabismus, 5(3), 184-188. doi:https://doi.org/10.1067/mpa.2001.114189

White, S., & O'Neill, D. (2000). Health and relicensing policies for older drivers in the European union. Gerontology,

46(3), 146-152. doi:22150

Wickens, C. M., Vingilis, E., Mann, R. E., Erickson, P., Toplak, M. E., Kolla, N. J., . . . Ilie, G. (2015). The impact of childhood

symptoms of conduct disorder on driver aggression in adulthood. Accid Anal Prev, 78, 87-93.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.02.013

Wielgosz, A. T., & Azad, N. (1993). Effects of cardiovascular disease on driving tasks. Clin Geriatr Med, 9(2), 341-348.

Wiese, L. K., & Wolff, L. (2016). Supporting Safety in the Older Adult Driver: A Public Health Nursing Opportunity.

Public Health Nurs, 33(5), 460-471. doi:10.1111/phn.12274

Wikman, A. S., Haikonen, S., Summala, H., Kalska, H., Hietanen, M., & Vilkki, J. (2004). Time-sharing strategies in driving

after various cerebral lesions. Brain Inj, 18(5), 419-432.

Wild, K., & Cotrell, V. (2003). Identifying driving impairment in Alzheimer disease: a comparison of self and observer

reports versus driving evaluation. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 17(1), 27-34.

Wilde, G. J. S. (1986). Beyond the concept of risk homeostatis: Suggestions for research and application towards the

prevention of accidents and lifestyle-related disease. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 18(5), 377-401.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(86)90012-6

Wild-Wall, N., Hahn, M., & Falkenstein, M. (2011). Preparatory processes and compensatory effort in older and

younger participants in a driving-like dual task. Hum Factors, 53(2), 91-102.

Wilhelm, H. (2011). [Vision and car driving ability]. Ther Umsch, 68(5), 243-247. doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000158

Wilhelm, H., Peters, T., Durst, W., Roelcke, S., Quast, R., Hutten, M., & Wilhelm, B. (2013). [Assessment of mesopic and

contrast vision for driving licences: which cut-off values, which methods are appropriate?]. Klin Monbl

Augenheilkd, 230(11), 1106-1113. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1351030

Wilke, N., Puschel, K., & Edler, C. (2009). [Alcohol, the aged and traffic]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 42(3), 185-192.

doi:10.1007/s00391-009-0039-3

Williamson, A., & Muir, S. (2017). Loss of consciousness, collapse and associated driving restrictions: a retrospective

case note review - an important reminder regarding driving restrictions. Scott Med J, 62(2), 43-47.

doi:10.1177/0036933017694779

Wilson, L. R., & Kirby, N. H. (2008). Individual differences in South Australian general practitioners' knowledge,

procedures and opinions of the assessment of older drivers. Australas J Ageing, 27(3), 121-125.

doi:10.1111/j.1741-6612.2008.00304.x

Wilson, T., & Smith, T. (1983). Driving after stroke. Int Rehabil Med, 5(4), 170-177.

Windsor, T. D., Anstey, K. J., & Walker, J. G. (2008). Ability perceptions, perceived control, and risk avoidance among

male and female older drivers. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 63(2), P75-83. doi:63/2/P75 [pii]

Wingen, M., Ramaekers, J. G., & Schmitt, J. A. (2006). Driving impairment in depressed patients receiving long-term

antidepressant treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 188(1), 84-91. doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0471-7

Winkler, W. (1995). [Determining the duration of suspended license for alcohol intoxicated drivers]. Blutalkohol, 32(6),

305-313.

Winston, F. K., McDonald, C. C., & McGehee, D. V. (2014). Commentary on Narad et al Adolescents with ADHD

demonstrate driving inconsistency. J Pediatr, 164(3), 674-675. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.12.022

Winston, G. P. (2013). Epilepsy surgery, vision, and driving: what has surgery taught us and could modern imaging

reduce the risk of visual deficits? Epilepsia, 54(11), 1877-1888. doi:10.1111/epi.12372

Winter, L., Moriarty, H. J., & Short, T. H. (2017). Self-Reported Driving Difficulty in Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury:

Its Central Role in Psychological Well-Being. PM&R. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.01.007

Winter, S. M., Classen, S., Bedard, M., Lutz, B. J., Velozo, C. A., Lanford, D. N., & Brumback, B. A. (2011). Focus group

findings for the self-report safe driving behaviour measure. Can J Occup Ther, 78(2), 72-79.

Wiseman, E. J., & Souder, E. (1996). The older driver: a handy tool to assess competence behind the wheel. Geriatrics,

51(7), 36-38, 41-32, 45.

Withaar, F. K., Brouwer, W. H., & van Zomeren, A. H. (2000). Fitness to drive in older drivers with cognitive impairment.

J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 6(4), 480-490.

Withaar, F. K., Brouwer, W. H., van Zomeren, A. H., & Deelman, B. G. (2001). [Cognitive impairments among older

drivers: medical examination and driving test]. Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr, 32(4), 160-164.

Wittenberg, R. (1986). [Attitudes to automobile ownership and feelings of insecurity of the elderly in traffic]. Z

Gerontol, 19(6), 400-409.

Woldt, B. D., & Bradley, J. R. (2002). Structural equation modeling of drinking motives in male DUI offenders. J Drug

Educ, 32(1), 69-79.

Wolffsohn, J. S., McBrien, N. A., Edgar, G. K., & Stout, T. (1998). The influence of cognition and age on accommodation,

detection rate and response times when using a car head-up display (HUD). Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 18(3),

243-253.

Wolter, D. K. (2014). [Mild dementia and driving ability. Part 1: Fundamentals]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 47(3), 243-250; quiz

251-242. doi:10.1007/s00391-014-0608-y

Wong, I. Y., Smith, S. S., & Sullivan, K. A. (2012). The relationship between cognitive ability, insight and self-regulatory

behaviors: findings from the older driver population. Accid Anal Prev, 49, 316-321.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.031

Wood, E., Brooks-Russell, A., & Drum, P. (2016). Delays in DUI blood testing: Impact on cannabis DUI assessments.

Traffic Inj Prev, 17(2), 105-108. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1052421

Wood, J. (1998). Vision research, driving and the elderly. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 18(6), 469-470.

Wood, J. M. (1999). How do visual status and age impact on driving performance as measured on a closed circuit

driving track? Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 19(1), 34-40.

Wood, J. M. (2002). Aging, driving and vision. Clin Exp Optom, 85(4), 214-220.

Wood, J. M., Anstey, K. J., Kerr, G. K., Lacherez, P. F., & Lord, S. (2008). A multidomain approach for predicting older

driver safety under in-traffic road conditions. J Am Geriatr Soc, 56(6), 986-993.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01709.x

Wood, J. M., Black, A. A., Mallon, K., Thomas, R., & Owsley, C. (2016). Glaucoma and Driving: On-Road Driving

Characteristics. PLoS One, 11(7), e0158318. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158318

Wood, J. M., Elgin, J., McGwin, G., Jr., & Owsley, C. (2016). Characteristics of on-road driving by persons with central

vision loss: Learning to drive with a bioptic telescope. Assist Technol, 28(2), 74-82.

doi:10.1080/10400435.2015.1088594

Wood, J. M., Horswill, M. S., Lacherez, P. F., & Anstey, K. J. (2013). Evaluation of screening tests for predicting older

driver performance and safety assessed by an on-road test. Accid Anal Prev, 50, 1161-1168.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.09.009

Wood, J. M., & Mallon, K. (2001). Comparison of driving performance of young and old drivers (with and without

visual impairment) measured during in-traffic conditions. Optom Vis Sci, 78(5), 343-349.

Wood, J. M., McGwin, G., Jr., Elgin, J., Searcey, K., & Owsley, C. (2013). Characteristics of on-road driving performance

of persons with central vision loss who use bioptic telescopes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 54(5), 3790-3797.

doi:10.1167/iovs.12-11485

Wood, J. M., & Owsley, C. (2016). Vision and driving: a look at the research road ahead. Clin Exp Optom, 99(5),

393-394. doi:10.1111/cxo.12450

Wood, J. M., & Troutbeck, R. (1995). Elderly drivers and simulated visual impairment. Optom Vis Sci, 72(2), 115-124.

Wood, J. M., Worringham, C., Kerr, G., Mallon, K., & Silburn, P. (2005). Quantitative assessment of driving performance

in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 76(2), 176-180.

Woodward, F. D. (1959). The medical and civic responsibilities of the physician in the prevention of automobile injuries

and deaths. The American Journal of Surgery, 98(4), 521-525.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9610(59)90027-3

Woolnough, A., Salim, D., Marshall, S. C., Weegar, K., Porter, M. M., Rapoport, M. J., . . . Vrkljan, B. (2013). Determining

the validity of the AMA guide: A historical cohort analysis of the Assessment of Driving Related Skills and

crash rate among older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 61, 311-316.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.03.020

Working Group on Traffic Medicine, N. O. f. T. M. (2016). Temporary Mydriasis and Driving. Retrieved from

http://www.eyedoctors.ie/medium/files/Mydriasis_Article_websitecopy-e.pdf

World Health Organisation. (1992). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems

(ICD-10) (10 ed.). Geneva. : WHO.

Wright, D. M., Hall, M. G., Paterson, C. R., & O'Dwyer, P. J. (1999). A randomized comparison of driver reaction time

after open and endoscopic tension-free inguinal hernia repair. Surg Endosc, 13(4), 332-334.

Wu, H., & Yan-Go, F. (1996). Self-reported automobile accidents involving patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Neurology, 46(5), 1254-1257.

Wylie, K. R., Thompson, D. J., & Wildgust, H. J. (1993). Effects of depot neuroleptics on driving performance in chronic

schizophrenic patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 56(8), 910-913.

Xie, W., Chakrabarty, S., Levine, R., Johnson, R., & Talmage, J. B. (2011). Factors associated with obstructive sleep apnea

among commercial motor vehicle drivers. J Occup Environ Med, 53(2), 169-173.

doi:10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182068ceb

Yale, S. H., Hansotia, P., Knapp, D., & Ehrfurth, J. (2003). Neurologic conditions: assessing medical fitness to drive. Clin

Med Res, 1(3), 177-188.

Yamin, S., Stinchcombe, A., & Gagnon, S. (2016). Deficits in Attention and Visual Processing but not Global Cognition

Predict Simulated Driving Errors in Drivers Diagnosed With Mild Alzheimer's Disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis

Other Demen, 31(4), 351-360. doi:10.1177/1533317515618898

Yan, X., Radwan, E., & Guo, D. (2007). Effects of major-road vehicle speed and driver age and gender on left-turn gap

acceptance. Accid Anal Prev.

Yang, J., & Coughlin, J. F. (2014). In-vehicle technology for self-driving cars: Advantages and challenges for aging

drivers. - 15(- 2), - 340.

Yanik, A. J. (1994). Barriers to the design of vehicles for mature adults. Exp Aging Res, 20(1), 5-10.

Yazdan-Ashoori, P., & M, T. H. (2010). Vision and Driving: Canada. J Neuroopthalmol., 30(2), 177-185. doi:doi:

10.1097/WNO.0b013e3181dfa982

Yeoh, S. F., Ibrahim, R., Oxley, J., Hamid, T. A., & Rashid, S. N. S. A. (2016). Development of a valid measurement

instrument to understand self-regulatory driving practices among older drivers in Malaysia. Accident Analysis

& Prevention, 92, 1-8. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.03.009

Yoshimoto, T. (1994). [A survey of the improvement of public transportation for the elderly. Reasons for giving up

driving by retired automobile workers living in in Kanagawa Prefecture]. Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi, 31(8),

621-632.

Young, K. L., Koppel, S., & Charlton, J. L. (2016). Toward best practice in Human Machine Interface design for older

drivers: A review of current design guidelines. Accident Analysis & Prevention.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.06.010

Young, K. L., Stephens, A. N., Stephan, K. L., & Stuart, G. W. (2016). In the eye of the beholder: A simulator study of the

impact of Google Glass on driving performance. Accid Anal Prev, 86, 68-75. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.010

Youngquist, S. T., Liao, M., Hartsell, S., Walker, M., Kartchner, N. J., & Nirula, R. (2015). Acute medical impairment

among elderly patients involved in motor vehicle collisions. Injury, 46(8), 1497-1502.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2015.04.012

Yousri, T., & Jackson, M. (2015). Ankle fractures: When can I drive doctor? A simulation study. Injury, 46(2), 399-404.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2014.10.041

Yu, J., & Williford, W. R. (1993). Alcohol and risk/sensation seeking: specifying a causal model on high- risk driving. J

Addict Dis, 12(1), 79-96.

Yu, S., Muhunthan, J., Lindley, R., Glozier, N., Jan, S., Anderson, C., . . . Hackett, M. L. (2016). Driving in stroke survivors

aged 18-65 years: The Psychosocial Outcomes In StrokE (POISE) Cohort Study. Int J Stroke, 11(7), 799-806.

doi:10.1177/1747493016641952

Yuen, H. K., Gillespie, M. B., Barkley, R. A., Day, T. A., Bandyopadhyay, D., & Sharma, A. K. (2007). Driving performance

in patients with cancer in the head and neck region: a pilot study. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 133(9),

904-909. doi:133/9/904 [pii]

10.1001/archotol.133.9.904 [doi]

Zabel, G., & Zabel, U. (1991). [Driving fitness of apprehended alcoholics--fitness test and remedial psychological traffic

education]. Blutalkohol, 28(2), 65-83.

Zaidel, D. M., & Hocherman, I. (1986). License renewal for older drivers: The effects of medical and vision tests. J Safety

Res, 17(3), 111-116. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4375(86)90025-3

Zeiler, H. C. (1993). [Women and drunk driving--references from the legal expert practice]. Blutalkohol, 30(1), 30-42.

Zesiewicz, T. A., Cimino, C. R., Malek, A. R., Gardner, N., Leaverton, P. L., Dunne, P. B., & Hauser, R. A. (2002). Driving

safety in Parkinson's disease. Neurology, 59(11), 1787-1788.

Zhan, T., & Stremmel, W. (2012). The diagnosis and treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Dtsch Arztebl Int,

109(10), 180-187. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0180

Zhang, L., Baldwin, K., Munoz, B., Munro, C., Turano, K., Hassan, S., . . . West, S. K. (2007). Visual and cognitive

predictors of performance on brake reaction test: Salisbury eye evaluation driving study. Ophthalmic

Epidemiol, 14(4), 216-222. doi:782469150 [pii]

10.1080/09286580701502988 [doi]

Zimmerman, E. G., Yeager, E. P., Soares, J. R., Hollister, L. E., & Reeve, V. C. (1983). Measurement of delta

9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in whole blood samples from impaired motorists. J Forensic Sci, 28(4), 957-962.

Zuin, D., Ortiz, H., Boromei, D., & Lopez, O. L. (2002). Motor vehicle crashes and abnormal driving behaviours in

patients with dementia in Mendoza, Argentina. Eur J Neurol, 9(1), 29-34.

Zur, B. M., & Vrkljan, B. H. (2014). - Screening At-Risk Older Drivers: A Cross-Program Analysis of Canadian

Occupational Therapy Curricula. - 32(- 1), - 24.