Latin Synonyms, With Their Different Significations and ...
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Transcript of Latin Synonyms, With Their Different Significations and ...
LAT I N SYN O N YM S,W ITH
THE IR D IFFERENT S IGN IFICAT ION S
AN D
E X AM PL E S
TAK EN FROM THE BEST LATIN AUTHORS,L
M. J. B. GARDIN DUMESNIL,Q '0
LATE PR OFE SSO R OP RH ETOR I C I N TH E C O LLEGE O F H ARC OURT, AN D
PR I N C I PAL O F TH E C O LLEGE O F LEW I S TH E GREAT,I N THE UN IVERS ITY O F PAR I S .
TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH,
W ITH ADD ITIONS AND CO RRECTIONS,BY
THE REV. J. M. GOSSET.
Non su nt contemnend a quas i parva, s ine quibus constare non
p ossum. v. H IEBON YM . Ep ist. 89.
SE COND ED I TI ON .
L O N D O N
PR INTED FOR G . AND w. B. W H I TTAK ER, AVE-MAR IA LANE ;BALDW IN, .CRADOCK - AND JOY, PATERNOS
'
I‘
ER Row ;
J. CUTH ELL, HOLBORN ; OGLE, D'
UNéAN AND co . ,
PATERNOSTER Row ; AND J. NUNN,GREA T QUE EN S TREET.
S IR V ICARY G IBBS, K T .
MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT
F O R T H E U N I V E R S I T Y O F C A M B R I D G E»
AND
H IS MAJESTY’
S ATTORNEY GENERAL,
TH ESE
LA T I N S Y N O N YM S
ARE W ITH HI S PERMI SSION HUMBLY DEDICATED
HI S MUCH OBLIGED,
MOST OBED IENT ,
AND DEVOTED SERVANT,
J. M. GOSSET.
THE
TRANSLATO R’S PREFACE:
ALTHOUGH th e autho r of this work>appearsp have
thought it “M CQSSRITYJIO prefixant -int o‘itsvarious5 O b
editmns. ,b
.ut -h isDedication some
. ( Invests -“t h is
igmall ;who r,were desirguso f attaining an _e1ninent.dfi
Latinulanguage, enj o ining,
its .
usento ;those undenitsown jurisdietiongyet heirfcumstangese
have occurred , which oblige the translatorq tgfi beglleave?
tomake a few observationsBeing engeged i n theInstruction ofyouth in thd -MKL
language, h e had frequent occasion to observe the wag;of
wsome work of th isnature, to facilitatethe prOgregs of,
his pup ils , and was
n attempted by English writers, nor had this work ofGARD IN DUMESNIL, though so , universally adopted
on th e Continent, been translated into th e English language. He accordingly undertook th e present volume
,
with a strong impression that its utility would'
ensure'
its
success .
He had proceeded some length,when, upon observing
an advertisement of Doctor H ILL’
s Latin SynonymousW ords, h e thought h e had no longer need to persevere.
But the opinion of several competent judges, well ao
quainted with th e nature of Doctor H ILL’
swork, justifieshis own, that th e necessity of co ntinuing his undertakingwas by no means superseded by th e above publication .
Doctor H ILL’
s elaborate work appears not suffi cientlyconcise for general utility
,and might be thought in many
i ns tances more calculated to perplex than to instruct th e
young mind ; and to requ ire more close attention than
th e generality of youth are disposed to pay to th e acquisition of knowledge. N otwithstanding its great bulk
,
th e work contains fewerwords explained, by several thou
sands, than that OfMr . GARD IN DUMESNI L .
Th e presentvolume contains th e explanations of nearwords, each Ofwhich is exemplified by appropriate
quotations from th e most elegant writers of ancient
Rome ; and leaves but little difficulty in th e choiceof th e
proper expression to convey their meaning in English,when translating ; or th e most elegant word or phrase
i n rendering English into Latin .
The translator has made but very few alterations oradditions ; and encouraged by th e sanction of many emi
nent judges of th eLatin, French, and English languages ,h e submits his work to th e public wi th some degree ofconfidence in their approbation .
Bird Street, West Square, Lambeth,November 1 , 1808 .
N .B. In thef ollowing sheets the examples quoted G.D . were
made by the original author Mr . GARD IN DUMESN IL.
ALPHABETICAL TABLE
OF THE
WORDS TREATED OF IN THIS W ORK .
[Note. The Figures point out th e Articles, and not the Pages .]
Abund are 24
A PRIMO 1 Abundé 25A p rincxp io 3 Abu t i 2538Ab aliquo tempore 2 Abyssus 1 214Ab in i tio 3 Academ i a 554Aba l ienare 1 72 Accedere 26Abavus 351 Acced ere ad aliquem 27
Abd ere 4 Accedere ah cui 27Abd icat e 5 Accendere 28Abd icere 6 A ccensus 9 1 8 1
Abdomen 2469 Accep tum r eferre 99
Abducet e 7 , Access i o 30A bed er e 9 Accessus 30
Abequitare 964 Accid it 3 1
Aberra re 10 Acc ingere 82Abesse l l A ccip er e 33A bh o r rere 984 A ccir e S4
Abjectus 1 2 Acclamare 35Ab lgere 7 Acclama tio 36
Abj rcere 1 3 Accl imare 37Ab l re 14 Acclin is 38
Abjud icare 6 Accl i v i s 38Abj urare 15 Acco la 8 9Ab legar e 1 87 Accommod are 40
A bligur i re 768 Accommoda te 4 1A b lud erc 1 82 A ccommod atus 42Abluer e 149 1 A ccumbere 43
Accumu lare 158Accusare 44Accu sa to r 45Acer 46Acerbat e 297Accrbitas 47
Acerbus 48
Acervat im 49
A cervus 50Ach eron 51Acies 52, 53Aci naces 1 1 96Acr imon i a 47Acta 54Act i o 55Act i onem dare 56Actionem intend ere 56Activus 57Acto r 58A ctuar iolum 170 1
Actuarium 1 70 1
A ctuar ius 59
Actuosus 57
Actu s 60Actutum 676
A cuere 6 1
Acu leu s 62Acumen 52Acus 62Acu tu s 63Ad 247
Ad an num 64
Ad d lem 65
Ad summam 66
Ad summum 66
Ad tempu s 67Ad arquare 127
Adamat e 188
Ad aquari 252
Ad augere 208
A d d ere 76
A d d icer e 68
A d d ictus 69
A d d iscere 858
Ad d itamen tum 242
Ad d ubitare 70
A d ed ere 9
Adeps 7 1Ad equitar e 72
Adesse 73, 74
Ad h aerer e 75[
a
A d h aer esccre 75A d h ibere 76
A d h lber e fid em 77
Ad huc 78
Ad j icere 76A d in zere 337
A d ip isci 1 288
A d l re 79
A d l tus 80
A d jud icare 68A d j umentum 354
Ad junctio 1436
Ad j ungere 8 1
A d j urare 1437
Adj u to r 1068Ad jutor ium 854
Adjuvat e 352Adm i n i ster 82Adm i n ist ra to r 82A dmir abilitas 8 8
A dmirar i 1650Admi rarlo 83Admiscere 8 4
Admittere 85
Admonere 1 665
Admovere 86Admurmurare 87A dna tare 88
Ad n iti 89
Ad o le'
scens 90
Ad o lescere 2037
Ad epmtio 9 1
Ad o p tio 9 1
Adorar e 92Ad o riri 93
Ado rnare 1 808Ad p r omitterc 1 935
Ad repere 94
Ad rogatio 9 1
Ad sciscere 34
Ad sil ire 2370
Adveh ere 95Ad vena 96Advenire 97Adventar e 97
Adventitius 98Adven tor ius 98A dventus 1 754Adversa 103
Adversar i 99Adversar ia 100Ad versa r ia s 1 0 1 , 102A dversitas 103
'
Ad versu s (a dj . ) 1 04Adversus, Adversum 105Adver tere 106
Advigi lare 107
Ada lar i 108Adu l terare 109A d ulterar i 109Ad ulxen um 1 10
Adultus 90Ad umb rare 1 921
Aduncu s 251 8’
Advoca te 1 1 1Advoc uus 1 863Advo lare 1 12
Advo lvere 1 13
Ad tum 1 14
es 1 15, 1 16
E d icula 1 1 7
E d iculz 1 1 7
E d ificarc 1 18
E d ificato r 1 1 9
J‘Ed ificium 1 15
IEger 128
E g u 447
Egr et 25 13E grm ere 1 22
E grimonia 12 1
E gr itud o
ALPHABETICAL TABLE.
E gro tare 122
E gr o tat io 1 20
E gr o tus 1 23
J‘Emular i a l ien i 1 24JEmular i altquem 1 24
E mular i cum alitj uo 1 24E mulat io 1 25
q’
habi lis 129
JEquéb ilitas 1 26
JEqualis 1 29
JEquah tas 1 26
E quah ter 1 28
JEQuare 1 27E quatio 1 26
'
JEque 128
JEquip‘
arare 127
E quitas 1439'
JEquo r 1603
JEquum 1 439
Equus 129 , 180A
'
er 18 1
E rarium 1 82
Elm d ir utus 979
B rugp 1 33
JErumnosus 149Es t imare 1 34E stima tio 135
Estuare 265Eta s 1 36E ras afi
'
ecta 1 87
fEtas constan s 1 38E ras d ecrep i ta 139
JEtas exac ta 139,
JEtas ext rema 139
Etas fi rmata 1 38
JEtas ingravescen s 1 87
E t as ma tu ra 1 38
E tas pm cip itata ,189
JEtas provecta 139E tatem consumer e 1 40[Etatem degere 140JEtatem terere 140
1 1513 113 cu rsus 1 4 1JEtatis p rogr essus 141
E ternus 142
Eth er 1 3 1JEvum 1 86
14113 1111 1 143Afibctare 1 94
AECC I IO 144
Afl'
ectus 144
Afl'
er r e 145
Afficere 1 10 1
Afligere 146
Afii nis 147
Affin itas 148
Afli rmare 806
Afii ictar e 150
A fflictatio 1 2 1
A ffl i ctus 149
Afli ige re 150
Affluere 151
Afl'
usus 2030
Agedam 152
Ager 153 ‘
A 154
Ager pascuu s 154Agere 1037
Agere ad popu lum 155
Agere cum po pu lo 155
Agere fab ulam 1 66
Agere gratiam 157
Agger 551Aggera re 158
Agglu ti nare 8 1Aggred i 93Aggrega t e 150Agi lis 59
Agi tare 1 60Ag i ta to r 347,Agi te dum 152
Agm en 53Agnatus 1 47
Agngmen 1 728
Agnoscere‘
5-18
Agrar ia s 2159Agres t i s 2159Ag r i co la 1 6 1A i t 1365A laA lacer 506
A lapa 553Albere 1 64Albescere 1 64
A lbus 1 65A l ea 2359Al ere 166A l es 2526A lga 1 67A lgere 1 140Algid us 1 14 1
A l ias 1 790A l ib i 169Al icubi 1 68
A licunde 1 70
A l ienat e 1 72
A lien igena 96
Al ienu s 96A 111 173
A l imen tum 494
A 110 1 69
Aliorstnn 1 7 1
A lioversum 1 7 1
Aliquand iu 1 74
A liquando 1 75
A l iquant isper 174
Aliquantuldm 1 74
A liquantum 1 74
A liquis 2067
A liqub 1 68
A liquo tics 1 75
Ah und c‘
: 1 70
A l ius 1 76A llabo rare 1455
A llcctare 1 78
A l l ega re 1500
A llevamcntum 177
Al levar e 1515
AETHAEETTGEL 319 11121112
Anfractus 2 1 3
Angere 2404 ‘
Angipo rtusAngo r 1 2 1Angu i s 214Angu st ia 2 15
Angust iclavia 2430Ang ustu s 216Anh elare 2 1 7
An h elatus 2 1 8
Anh elus 2 18
An ima 222Animab ilis 22 1Animadver tereAn imal i a 220An imah sAnimantia 220
An imatus 22 1 ‘
An imi pendere 907An imo sus 1 1 87
An imus 222Annalee 1 234
Annalis 227
Annectere 8 1
Ann iversar ius'
227Annon a 223Annue r e 224
’
Annumer'are 225Annu n t iat e 226Annuu3
‘
227
Anquirer e 228An te 692Anteé 229
An teced ere 230Antecellere
‘
23 1
Antefer re 232
An teponere 232An t es ignanu s 233An tever tere 230
An ticip at e 234
An t ique 235An t iqu i 22 1 8An tiquitus 235An t iqua s 1 9 99An t i stes 1 94 1An t rum 46 1
Anxietas 1 21‘
Anxius 1 364
Aper ire 1 83 1'
Apex 236Ap h ractum 1 70 1
Apo l l ina r i s ' 237Apollineus 237
Apologus 1 035
Apo th eca 238
Appa ra r e 1 834Apparatio 239
Appa ra tu s 239App arere 240
Appa r i to r 21 8 1Ap pellat e 2033, 2523
Appendere 24 1Append icula 242
Append i x 242Appetentia 244
Appetere 243Appetitio 244
Appetitus 244
Appl i ca re 86 '
Appon et e 22 1 1Appo r tare 245Ap positus 42
App r imé 1 957Approba re 2004Approp inqua re 26Ap tat e 40Ap tu s 246A pr i n c i p i o' 3ApudAqua 249Aqua m ih i h aeret 251Aqu am arcere 250
Aquam co é rcere'
250
Aquam perdo 251Aquar i 252
'
Aquar ius 253Aquat i cus 253Aquat i l i s 253Aquosus 253
Ara 254Arare 255Arator 1 6 1
Ara trum 256
Arb i ter 257Arb i t r ar i 259Arb i t r i um 258
Arbor 260Arbo r ad sita ' 26 1
Arbo r i n s ita 26 1Arbus t um 260
Arbutum 262
Arbu tu s 262Arca 263
Ar can um 1 69 1
Arcere 264‘
Arcessere 34
Arch itectus " 1 19
Arctus 2 16
Ardere 265Ardere aliqui r e 2259Ardere aliqu id 2259Ard escere 266
Ardo r 267Ard uus 1 86
Area 268Aren a 269Arere 270Ar escere 270
Argen tar i u s 27 1 , 272Argentatus 27 1
Argenteus‘
27 1
Argen tum factum ‘273Argen tum grav e 274Argen t um i n fectum 274 ‘
Argen t um signathm‘
273
Arguer e 44
Argumentatio 275
Argumen t um 275
Argu tus 63An dus 276
ALPHABETICAL TABLE.
Ar io las 277A r i sta 278A rma 2367Armamen ta r ium 279
A rma r ium 279
A rma tus 28 1A rmentum 280
A rmifer 28 1A rm iger 28 1A rmus 282Ar rh a 283A rr idere 2 143A r r ipere 33
A r rogans 284
Arrogare s ib i 2332A rs 285A r ter ia 287A r tes 286A r t i cu la te 288A r ticulatim 288
A rt i fex 289Ar t ificialis 290
A rtificiosus 290
A r tificiom 285
A r tu s 1 6 1 8A rvina 7 1A ru spex 339A rvum 1 53
A rx 29 1Ascribere 292
Asc r ip t i t iu s 293A scr ip to r
Ascr ip tus 293
A siuus 294 , 295
A so tus 1 176
A spectus 1769
Asper 46 , 296A spera a rter i a 287A sperar e 297
As pergere 298Aspergo 299A spernar i 8 26A spersio 29 9
A sp icere 2423
A sp i ra re 300A spo rta re 245Assec la 80 1Assec tato r 30 1
A ssensus 302
A ssen tar i 1 08
A ssen t i t i 303Assequi 304
Asser cr e
A sservare 2229
A ssesso r 305A ssevcrare 306
A ssid eo 307
A ss ido 307Ass idue 308A u id uus 3 09
A ssignare‘29
A ss im i la re 3 10Au imulare 3 10
An ucsccre 2267
Assurgerc 2345
Assns 943A st r ingere 2305As t ro log ia 3 1 1As tronom ia 3 1 1Astruere 3 1 2
A stt um 3 13
As tas 3 1 4A stutia 3 14
A stutus 4 1 7
Asyl um 3 15
Atavu s 351Ater 3 16A th l eta 3 17A tr lum 3 18
Atrox 363
Attellanz fabu la 8 1 9
A t tendere 2 1 9A t t en ta s 740A t tenuar e 320A ttexere 8 1
A ttinere 1 905
A ttinet 1 906 BAC CA 1 937
A ttrah et e 1 78 Bacch ana l ia 355A ttr ibuere 292 Bacch ar i 356
A va r i t i a 32 1 Bacillum 357
Ane l i o 2206 Bacu lu s 357A uctionar i 322 Ba latro 858
Au cto r 323. 324 Balbus 359
Aucto ramentum 325 Balnezz 360
Auc tor i tas Ba l neum 360
A ucupar i 827 Ba l teus 36 1A udac ia 328 Bara th rum 1 214
Aud ax 329 Ba rba r i smu s 362A ud entia 328 Barbat us 363Aud ientem esse alicui 332 Ba rda s 364A ud ien t ia 330 Bas ia 207
Aud i re 33 1 Basxluca 343
Aud i re aliquem 332 Bass 365
Aud itio 330 Bea tus 366 .
Aud i tus 830 Be l l a re 367Av e 333 Bellato r 868
Avel l ere 334 Bellico sus 368
Avere 734 Bellicus 369
A ve rn us 51 Bel l ona 37 1Aver runca re 335 Bellua 370
Aversat i 336 Bellua tus 872
Aversus 1 04 Belluinus 372
A ver tere 335 Be l l um 378 . 874
A ufer re 337 Bel l um adm i n i st rat eA ufuget e 338 Be l l um compararc 376
Augere 208 Be l lum com onere 377Augescere 34 1 Bel l u m con cere 377Augu r 339 Bel l um d ecet nere 379Augu ra t i 340 Bellum d enuucmre 379
Avnd itas 321 Be l l um d ucere '
375
Av i s 2526 Be l l um facere 378Avius 342 Bel l um gerere 378Au la 343 Bel l um ind icet e 379
Aulaeum 1 8 96 Bel lum Na tu re 379Avoca re Be l l um pat t a re 378Avo la t e 344 Bel l um suscip et e 376Au ra 345 Belluosus 372Au ratus 346 Bel lu s 2044Au reo lus 346 Bcnc 2099
Au reu s 346 Beneficia 1787
{vA LPHABET ICAL TABLE.Calamitosus 149Ca la th u s 1 09 6Calcar 40 8Ca lcare 40 9Calceamen tum 4 10
Ca l ceu s 4 10Ca lc i t ra re 4 1 1Calcu lus 1 478Calefacere 1 132
Calefactar e 1 1 32
Calere 4 1 2Ca lescere 4 1 2
Calid us 2378
Ca l iga 4 13Cafigare 4 14
Ca l igo 4 15Cal l : 2202
Callere 4 16
Callid itas 3 14
C allid us 4 17
Ca l l i s 1424C3 10 4 18
C a l o r 267Ca lumn iam facere 4 19
Calumn iam ju ra re 4 1 9Ca lumn iato r 420Calx 2358Camera 1 127Cami n us 42 1Campus 153Cance l l i 2409Can dere 422Cand escere 422
Can d id us 1 65Cando r 2250Can é re (2d cowj .) 423C ané
’
re (3d any. ) 424Canescere 423
Can i 425Can istrum 109 6
Can i t ies 425Cano r 427C antamen 427
Can tare 424Can ta to r 426Can th aru s 493Can t icum 427
Can t i l ena 427Cau t io 42
Can tiuncula 427
Can to r 426Camu s 427Canus 165
Capax 12 1 8
Capel la 430Caper 1235
Capere 428Capere fructum 1072
Capescere 43 1
Cap i 4 4 9
Cap i l lus 562Cap i strum 1 1 38
Cap i tal ls 747
Cap ra 430Caprea 430
Capsa 263Cap ta re 1 94, 43 1
Cap ta t io 432
Capri o 433Cap tio sus 434
Cap tivi tas 435Cap tiuncula 433
Cap tivus 436Cap tu ra 432Cap tus 432Capulus 437Capu t 438Ca rbo 2036Car eer 746
Car ceres 746
Carerc 439
Car i tas 440Carmen 44 1Carn i fex 442
Carmficina 7 15Car pen tum 443
Car pe t e 444, 445Car ru s 443Casa 446Casses 1 9 26Cass i s 447Cassus 44 8
Castel l um 29 1
Cast iga re 449C asnmon ia 450
Cast itas 450
Cast ra (p lu ra l of castrum)29 1
Cas t ra a stiva 451
Cas t ra hyberp a 451
Cas t ra nava lfa 451
Cast ra sta t i va 451Cast rum 29 1
Cas t us 452Casu s 453Catasc0 p ium 1 70 1
Catena 454Ca terva 1506Catulus 455
Cavare 1 1 2 1Caudex 456Cav ea 457. 458Cav et e 459Caver e ab a liquo 460
Caver e aliquem 460
Cav erna 46 1Cavd latio 462
Cau la 463Cau l i s 456Caupo 1 248
Caup ona 1 943
Causa 464 . 465
Causam compon ere 466Causam defendere 468Causam d i cere 467Ca u sam j ud ica re 466Causam perora re 467Causam sust lnere 468
C ausar i 469
Causid icus 58
N
m
Cautes 1478
Cau t i o 470Cautionem ad h ibere 47 1
Cautionem habere 471Cautns 472
Cavu s 457
Ced b 152
Celare 473Cel ebra re 474Celeb ral io 475
Celeb ris 51 8
Celebr itas 475
Celer 506Celcr ar e 476
Cel l: 477
Celox 1 70 1
Cel sus 1 86Censere 478
Census 24 18Cen t o 479 '
Cen tunculus ' 479 ‘
Cen tu ri a 480Cen tu r ia ta lex 48 1 =
Ceratus 483
Cercurus 1 70 1
Cerebrosus 482
Cereus 483Cer inus 483
Cer itus 482
Cernere 2486Ca u cu s- 2020Certamen 1 9 67
Certa ra 67 1Cer tatio 1 967
Certé 484 ~
Cert?) 484Cer tus 485
Cerv ix 555Cespes 1 1 9 9
Cessar e 486Cessa t io 487
Ces tus 488Cen 48 9Char i tas 1 9 1Cha r t: 1 833
Chi ragra 490Ch i r ograpbum 49 1
Ch lamys 240 0Ch omgraph ia 492
C i baria 494C ibo r i a 493C ibus 494
C icat r ix 1 9 25
C idar i s 495C l erc 160
C i li um 1828
C incinmn 562
Cingere 1 9 3
C ircinar e 499
C i rci ter 498
Ci rcu i re 503Ci r cuitio 2 13
Ci rcuitus 2 13
C i rcu la re 499C i rcu lato r 500Ci rcu l u s 50 1Ci rcfim 498
Cl rcumcid ere 2 1 1C i rcumc i rca 498C i rcumdat e 1 93
C ircumd ucer e 1 93
C ircumfluere 151
Circumire 503Cir cumluvio 1 83
C ircumscr ibere 504Circumsistere 502
Circumsp icere 658Circumstare 502Cir cumvad ere 503C i rcumvallar e ~ 1 770
C i rcumvenire 508 , 504C ircumvo lare 1 9 1 l
Circumvo lvere 1 773C i rcus 458C i s 505C i s i um 443
C i sta 2260Ci ta re 2523Citit
‘
is 2002
C itri 505
Citus 506
Civicus 507C iv i l i s 507C i v i l i ter 380C iv i s 508 . 509Ci v i tas 510C lades 51 1Clém 512
Clamare 513C lamator 5 14C lamato r ius 515Clamosus 515Clanculfim 512
C larare 1274
C lari ssimi 1890C la ri ta s 516Clar itud o 516
C la rus 517 , 518Classiar ii 5 19
C lassic i 5 19C lassicum 1547
C lass i s 520 , 52 1C laud et e 522Claud l ca re 523
C law s 524C laust rum 524
C lausu la 1 90 1C lavu s 1 2 1 8C l emens 595C libanus 526
C l ica s 30 1C l i en tela 527Cl i tel la 528 ~
C l i vu s 551C lyp eus 529
Coacerva re 158Coactus 1411 3
Coagmentare 530Coa r ere 531Coch ea 532Coc l es 533Codex 534Cod icillus 534
Coeleb s 1363Coz lest is 535
Cc lum 536
Cmmenmm 1486
Coémere 949Coma 537Ca na lauta 538 !Cc na munda '538
Cornaculum 539
Ca mat io 539 1
Cornum 540
C tr p isse 1 309
Coércere 552
Ce tus 568Cogere 541Cogi tare 542Cogi ta te 543Cogi tatio 544
Cog-itationem figere
Cogitationemabj icer e545C ogitatb 543
Cogi tatum 544
Cognatus 147Cogn itio 1 78 1
Cogn ito r 547Cognomen 1 728
Cognoscere 548Cognoscere dc aliqua
549
Cogno scere ex aliqui
549
Coh z r ere 550
Coh ibere 552
Cono rs 1506Co itio 642
Co lapbus 553Co l ere 92Co l ere terram 255
Co l laudare 1 494Co l legi um 554
Co l l i d ere 1 79Co l l igat e 640Colligere 54 1Co l l imare 1257
Co l l i s 551Col locare 1 940Co l loqu i 2227Co ll uiurn 18 1
Co l l u e 1 273Collum 555
Co lluviec 1 83
Co lluvio 1 83
Co loniz La t i na 556
Co lon ic Roman: 556
Co lonicus 557
Co lonu s, (adj ) 557
ALPHABETICAL IMKBLE.
Co lor 558Co lorare 559Co luber 214Co lumba 1 827Co lumen 560
Co lumna 56 1Coma 562Comb ibo 383
Comed ere 928Comes 563Comessabund us 564Comessatio 537
Comessator 564Comicus 586Cominfis 565Cornis 566
Com i tat i 567Comiter 38 1)Com i t ia 568Comitialis 570Comitiar ius 570Com i t i um ‘
569
Commeare 57 1Commeatus 223Commemorare 1 694Commemo ratio 572
Commendare 573Commendare aliquem a l icui 574
Commenda re aliquem ao
pud aliquem 574
Commen tar l 565Commentaria 1 00‘
Comm ent ari o 576Commentitius 1082
Commentum 576
Commerc ium 1 63 1
Commerer i 1 634Commilito 1 642
Comminisci 1 092Comminuere 855Commissio 577
Comm i s sum 577
Comm i ssu ra 578Commi ttereCommodare 579Commod é 4 1Commod itas 580Commod fim; (adv.) 41Commod um 580
CommodusCommo rar i 1597Commot i o 583Commotiuncula 583Commun icat e 584Communicatio 585Communio 585Commun i s 2040Communitas 585Commu tare 1 897Commd us 586Compages 578Comp arabi l i5‘
587Comparand us 58 7Comparare 596
Comp arat ivus 587Comp ar ere 240Compellare 2523
Compellere 1 78
Comp end iar ius 588Compend io sus 588Compend ium 156 1
Compen sare 2 123Comperend inare 209Comperi re 1 406
Comper tus 485Compes 589Compescere 552Comp i lare 590Comp ingere 530Comp i ta 59 1Comp lecti 206Comp lemen tum 592
Comp l et e 1 29 1Comp lexio 593Comp lexu s 593Comp lures 594Comp lusculi 594Compon ereCompo rtar e 245Compos 597Compo s vot i 598Compo sité 599Compositc
‘
) 59 9
Comp r eh ensio 593Compr imere 552Comproba re 2004Comp romissum 600
Conari 60 1
Concavus 602Concedere 603Concen t u s 604Concertare 605Concer tatio 673
Conéertat ivus 606Concer tato r ius 606
Concha 532Concid er e 607
Conc i l iare 608Conc i l ium 568
Concinere -609
Concinnare 1 808
Concinnitas 6 10
Conc i o 568 , 6 1 1
Concionalis 612
Concionarius 6 12
Conci pere 1 384
Concntar e .613Concivis 508Conclave 6 1 4Conc lus i o 6 15Concorda re 616Concord i a 6 1 7Conc rescere 6 18Concub ia nox 6 1 9Concub i na 620Concup i scere 734Concnr sa re 621
Concursatio 622
Concursio 622
Concursu s 622Concutere 623
Cond ere 4
Cond imentum 624
Cond i t io 624Cond i t io 625, 1517Cond itionem
'
fer re 626
Condi tionem ofi'
er re 626
Cond itionem proponere626
Condocefacere 896
Condonar e 1202Conducere 1549Confer r e 596
Confer tim 627
Confertus 628Co nfest im 676
Conficere 629
Confictio 1080
Confid ens 1085
Confid entia 1086
Confid ere 707 , 2286
Configer e 632
Confingere 630
Confin l s 674
Confinium 2482
Confirmar e 306 , 631
Confiter i 1058
Conflare 109 1
Conflictio 6 33
Conflictus 633
Confligere 8 46
Confluere 634
Con fo rma re 1089Conformatio 1347
Confugere 635
Con fund ere 636
Confu tare 637Conger i es 50Congiar ium
'
638
Congloba re 639Conglobat irn 627
Conglomerat e 639
Cong lut i nare 530Congratular i 1 20 1Congregare 159Congressio 640
Congressus 640
Congruere 550
Conjectio 2348
CODJQCtOI' 277
Conjectura 2348Conjugare 64 1
Conjugivm 646
Conjuncté 642Conjunctim 642
Conj ungere 64 1Conjurara 1437
Conjuratio 643
Conju x 644Connec tera 641Conniti 645
Con nub ium 646
C onquircre 1 0 1 6
Consalutare 2 17
Consanescere 682
Conscientia 647
Conscius 648
Conscriber e 649
Consec ra re 650Consecu t i o 6 15Con sensu s 302Conseutaneus 6 83
Consen t i re 303Consequens 6 15Con sequen t ia 6 15Consequi 304
Conserva re 2229Conserva to r 2230Consesso r 305
Consessus 458
Cons idera re 2283COnsid eratus 472
Consi
finare 651
Consi a r i 664Consiliar ius 324
Cons i l i um 652
Consisterc 137 1
Consi tio 2 1 8-1»
Consobr inus 653
Co nso lab ilis 654
Conso la r i 655Conso la tio 656
Conso lator ius 654Conso rs 657
Consp icere G58
Consp ira t io 643
Cons ta ns 659Constant i a 660Constat 1537Consternare 66 1
Consternere 66 1
Constituta 662
Const itutio 662
Constitutum 662
Constringere 64 1 , 2305,Construere 1 1 8
Consuesce re 2267
Consuetudo 663Consulere 664
Consulere a licui 665
Consulere i n aliquem665
Co nsu l ta 769Consu l ta re 664COnsultatio 666
Consu l te 667
Consu l to 667
Consu l t or 668Consultus 668
Consumme 22Consurgere 2345
Contact u s 669Contag io 669C ontag ium 669
Contam inare 670Contemne re 826
Contemp la riContendere 67 1. 1563Contentio 673
ALPHABET ICAL TABLE.Contentiosus 672
Contes tat i o 673Cont icere 473
Cont lgnatio 2354
Contrguus 674
Cont inens 20
Co ntinenter 308
Cont inere 552
Conting lt 3 1
Cont inua re 1395Conrinuat io 675
Continu itas 675
Conl inub 676
Con t inuo s 309Con t ra 677Con trac tu s 2 16Contrar ié 677Con t rar ia s 10 1Controversa r i 605Co n t rovers ia 678Controvers iam facereControversia rn in tendere679
Controversiosus 680Con t rovers a s 680Con tumac ia 68 1Con tume l ia 1355Con tund ere 2428Contus 21 16
Conva lescere 682Conva llis 2443Conveh ere 95Conve l l ere 1452Convena 96
Conven ien s 683Conven i re 79Convenit 760Couventum 1 8 19
Conven to s 569Converte ra 634
Convexus 602Com- iciator 420
Convicium 1355
Com' ictor 687
Convincere 685, 686Conviva 687Convivar i 688Couvivato r 687Conv i v ere 688Conv iv i a in tempes t iva 689Clmvivia tempes tiva 689Co nvivium 690
Convoca re 1 1 1Convo lare 2524Co uper ire 2364
Cop ia 1048Cop iosns 23
Copu la re 641Coquere 69 1
Cork"! 602Co rbua 1 70 1
Corda tus 2034Cord i mih i es t 693Ce rium 747
Comm 163, 1547
Cornum 694
Coro na 694
Co ro l la r i um 242
Corona 695Co rona ca strensis 697
Corona civ i ca 697Co rona c lass i ca 696Corona mu ra l i s 697Coron a nava l i s 696Corona obsid lonalis 697
Corona ros tra ta 696
Corona va lla r is 697Co rpo ra lis 698
Co rporeus 698
Corrigere 699
Corr i g i a 121 7Com bo ra re 63 1
Corruere 607
Corrumpe re 700Co rrup té 8 13
Corrup te la 70 1Co rrupt io 70 1
Corrusca re 1 156Cortex 747Cos 1479Cosmograpb ia 702
Co th u rnus 2263Cra pu la 724Cras 703Cra ssu s 704Crates 2496Crea re 705Creber 706Crebrescere 1 1 99
Cred ere 259 , 707Cred nbulis 708
Crema re 28Cre pa re 937Crep id ae 709
C rep id o 1604
Crep i tus 7 10Cresce re 341Crimea 7 1 1
Crimmar i 7 12C r imina t io 2 126
( h imini da re 7 13C rma lis 7 14Cr in is 562C r initus 7 14
Cr i sta 1427Cruciamentum 7 15
Crucra re 24 04
Cruc ia tu s 7 15Crud e lis 363
Crud escere 7 1 6
Crud us 48
(‘
ruentus 21 7 9
Crumena 1 550
Cruo r 7 17Crusta 7 18Cmb t l lm 7 1 8
Crux 7 19Cuba rc 720
Cubicu lar is 721
Cubicular ius 72 1
Cubi cu l um 614
C ubile 149 11
Cud ere 722
C ujat ls 723Cujus 723C ulcitra 724
Cu l eus 725Cu lmen 236C ulmus 726Cu l pa 7 1 1Culpa re 7 12
C ult lo 727
Cu l tu ra 727Cu l tus 727 , 728C hm 2058
0
Cum imper i o esse 729Cum pot es tate esse 729Cumera 1 244Cum p r im i s 1 957Cumu l are 158Cumu late 49C umulus 50Cunabu l a 730Cu na: 730C unctabund us 733
Cunctarn 73 1
C unctatio 732
Cunc ta tor 733C unctus 1 793
Cu pa 493Cupe re 734
C up id itas 735
Cup ido 735Cur 736
Cum 12 1 , 737
Cu rare 2 180Curat lo 737
Cu ra tor 733, 739Cu r ia 569Cur iata lex 48 1Cu r ioso s 740Currere 741
Curricu l um 742
Currus 743
Gurs im 744
Curtus 745
Cu rva re 1 100Curvus 2518Cuspi s 52Custod ia 746Custos 1979Cu t i s 747Cya th us 493Cymba 1 70 1
Damnatus vot i 598Damnosus 748Damnum 749
Dapes 750Da rdan i a 1 894Da re 751Dare fidem 1 038
Dare manus 752
ALPHABET ICAL TABLE.
Da re pmnas 2333Da re supp licmm 2333
De d i e 65De integm 8 10
De j u re respond ere 1444De sentent lad ) 75
Deamare 188
Deambu l are 1 97Debaccha r i 356
Debe l lare 1 023Debills 753
Deb i l i ta re 754Debi l i ta s 755Deb ih ta tio 755
Deh itio 756
Deb i tum 756
Decan tare 757Decedere 14Decemped a tor 1095
Decemp r iml 758
Decemv i r i 758Decentia 759
Decernere 763
Decerpere 761
Dece rtare 67 1
Decet 760
Dec idere 762, 763Decipere 764
Decip i 429
Dec lamare 765Dec lama tor 514Declamlta re 765
Dec lara re 2242
Dec l ina re 459Dec l iv i s 766Decocto r 1227
Dec o lor 767Decoquere 768
Decor 759Decorum 759
Decrep itus 2488
Dec reta 769 . 770
Dec retum 772
Dec retum Senatfis 77 1Decumd e 2200
Decu ria 48 1Decur re re 773
Decursio 774
Decursus 774
Decus 759Ded ecere 775
Ded ecorat e 776Ded ec us 1 267
Ded ere 751Ded ica re 650Ded iscere 777
Ded i t io 778Ded l titius 436
Ded itus 69
Ded ucere 8
Ded uctor 30 1Deer rare 10
Beasse 78 1Defatigatus 1 076
Defectlo 779
Defectus 779
Defendere 2424Defensio 1 862
Defen sor 2026Defer re 842
Defervescere 780Defessus 1 076
Dfl i cere 78 1 , 782
Defigere 632
Defin i t e 1 093Deflagra re 265
Deflectere 783
Defiurar e 784
Deflorescere 784
Defluere 785
Defod ere 786
Deforma re 1 1 1 2Deformatio 787
Defurmis 2434Deformitas 787
Defungl 1 1 66
Degravare 788
Degred i 788
Deb iscere 1 059
Deierare 1437
Dej icere 790Demcep s 792Deind e 79 1 , 792
Delabi 7 93
De la to r 45De lectamentum 794
Delectare 795
Da lectatio 794
De l ectu s 796De lega re 1500De l et e 797De l i bera re 798Deh bera tio 666
De libera tionem h abe re798
Delibutus 799
Delicatus 800
De l ici ae 80 1Del i ctum 7 1 1
De ligere 802
De l i nea re 1921Delmimentum 803
Del inire 1 78
Delinit io 803
Deh ramentum 805
De l l rare 804
Deliratio 805
De lltescere 1487
De l ubrum 1 16
De l udere 764De l umba t e 754Demens 1 99Demerer i 1 634Demergere 1 635Demigra re 451Deru irar i 1650
Demissus 12Demittere 806Demoliri 827Demonstrare 99
ALlfl-
Q
IABJ TICAL TABLDemor i 954Demovere 807Demum 808
Denar i u s 1747Deua rrare 1694
D enega re 16Beniqué 803Densus 704D en tatu s 1 67 1Dentosus 1 67 1
Denunt iare 809
Denuo 8 10
Deonerare 999
Depacisci 1 8 1 8
Depascere, Depasci 1 847Depecu la ri 8 1 1
Depeculato r 1870
Depellere 993
Deponere 1 3
Depopula ri 8 12
Deporta re 10 19Deposcere 19 14
Dep rava re 700Dep rava té 8 13Dep ravat lo 8 14
Dep ravatus 1 294Dep recari 336
Depreh end ere 1785
Depr imere 1993De p romere 1 022
Depulsio 8 15
Deputare 8 1 6Derelmquere 1534
‘
Derepente 676Der i dere 2 143Denva re 839Desmvire 2 166Descend ene 8 17
Desciscere 782
Descnbe re 8 18
Deseca t e 8 1 9Descrera 1534
Des ertor 820Desertus 2452
Dese rvirc 2233Deses 82 1
Des iderare 734Desid eo , Des id o 822
Des i der i um 735
Des i d ia 823Desid losus 82 1
Des ignare 2240Des i lire 8 17
Desih ere 486
Desip cre 804
Des i stere 486Des pe ra re 824Desp iccre 825, 826
Des lvond ere 1 935
Destxtuere 1534
Dest rucre 827
Demrd are 2324Detegere 1 741
Dcter ius 828
De te rm ina re 1093
Deterrere 1 9
De testa r i 984
Detexere 829
Detinere 830
Detractio 83 1
Detrah ere 2 1
Detrah ere ab iniur ié 1351
Det rectare 1768
De trecta t io 83 1
Detr imentum 749
De t rudere 2422Deturba re 79 1
Dcvexus 766Devincire 1756
Devita re 974Devius 342Devocare 832Devo la re 34-1Devol vere 8 33Devorare 2529Devovere 836Deus 834D iad ema 835D iar i um 100
D icacitas 462
Dicare 836Dicax 21 7 1
Dicere 1 055D icno tum 170 1
Dictare, Dictirare 837
Dnctio, Dic t um 838
Dld ucere 839
D ies fa s t i,Dies fes t i 84
Di es hmo , Dies 11 10 840D ifl
'
amare 1338
Different ia 863Differ re 842, 843, 1397
Difl’
ertus 628
Difiicnlis 844
D iffi cultas 1 283
D lfli dere 824
D iffi le i i 1 342
l fluere 2338
D istr iugere 845
Difi i i gere 338
Difi'
und ere 1 1 6 1
D igerere 856
D iglad na ri 846
D igna tio 847
D ign i tas,847 , 348
Dignoscere 548
Digred i 789Digressus 849
D ij ud lcure 1429Dnlah i 793
Di lace ra re 850Di lan ia re 850Dnlap id a i e 851
Di latare 852D i lat lo 853
D i la lo r 733
D ilaud a re 1494
Di ligens 740
Di l igen t i a 2490Di l igere 1 88
ALPHABET ICAL TABLE .
Bua re 950Ena rra re 1694
Euata re 88
Enectus 1 703
Ene rva re 754Eniti 645
Enoda te 955Ens i s 1 196Boubere 956En uc l ea re 955En umera re 225Eon s 957Ephebus 958Ephemeri s 1 00Ep h lpp ia 528
Ep ilog us 1 901
Ep i sto la 959Ep istglam inscr ibere ,scr ihe re 960
Ep istolis Iacessere , obtun
d ere 96 1Ep i sto lis p rovoca re 961Epo tare 382
Epulaz, Ep ulum 690
Equa ter 962
Equi funa les, j ugales 963Eqmd em 206 8
Equiuus 962
Equita re9 64
Equus 397En d ere 2083Erad ica re 965Erad lciu
‘
xs 1 1 62
Erebus 51E rgi 1 05
Ergastu l um 746
Erige re 1515Erip ere 337
Eroga re 1 38 1Em bund us 966
Erra re 1 822
Fh '
rat icus 966
Errat ic, Erra tum 967
Erro 1 152
Error 967Emctare 2 155
Erud i re 89 1Erud it io 1542
Emd itus 894Bruere 857Erumpen 968
Erupt io 969Esca 494Esculenmm 750
Esenlus 2064Essa 997
Essed um 443
Et iam 78
Ets i 257Evadere 968Evanescere 970Er ch ere 95
Eve l l ere 1028
Evenit 3 1Eventum, Eventus 452
Evertere 827 Exh a latio 2446
Euge 158 -1 F.xbauri re 99 1
Evid ens 97 1 Exh austus 935
Evig ilare 1 07 Exh lbe re 992
Evincere 972 Exh or rescere 984
Evitabilis, Evitand us 973 Exigere 993
Ev i ta r e 974 Ex igua s 394Eumen id es 1 1 7 1 Exl h re 1 1 94
Evoca re 832 Exilis 9 94
Evo lare 344 Exnmere 334Evo lvere 833 Ex imius 938Evomere 2528 Exmamre 9 9 1Ex occu l to 1 302 Exind é 792
Ex 59 0 030 0 3 975 i re 995
Ex tempore 67 Existere 996, 997
Exacerbare 297 Ex istimarc 134
Exactio 2418 Bxist im‘
atio 1 35, 848
Exacuere 6 1 Exit ialis , Exit iosus 748
Exmd lficare 1 1 8 Exil ium 1899
Exz quar e 127 Exxtus 453
Exeestuare 265 Exo lescere 99 8
Exaggerare 158 Exonera re 99 9
Exa lbescere 164 Exopta re 1000
Examinare 976 Exorabilis 1 00 1
Exanimare 977 Exora te 1C0 2Exanimis , Exanimalis 978 ofi xord ium 1354
Exa rescere 970 Exo r ir i 1 003
Exaspernre 297 Exo rnare 1 808
Exauctorat io 1656 Expectare 100 4
Exaucto ratus 979 Exp ecta tio 2287
Exaud l re 33 1 Exped i t e 1005Exca care 599 Expellere 993
Excand escenna 141 9 Exp end ere 1 006
Excand escene 422 Expensum ferre 29Excantare 757 Expergefacere 1007
Exced era 14 Expergefactus 1 008
Excellere 231 Exper iens 1009
Exce l su s 1 86 Expenenl ia, ExperimenRxcerpere 761 tum 10 10
Excid ere 762, 980 Experi r i 10 1 1
Excire 34 Experr ectus 1 008Rxcita re ' 6 13 Expers 1 0 12
Exclamare 35 Experto s 1 009Exclud ere 1 39-1» EXpetere 243
Excogita re 542 Exp lare 19 16
Excors 1 99 Exp iat io 10 13
Excnba r e 249 1 Exp nlare 590
Excub iz 2294 Expi ra te 2 132Excudere 9 8 1 Exp isca r l 1322
Excursio 982 Exp l anara 10 14
Excurso r 953 Exp lana té 10 15
Excusa re 9 83 Exp lere 1 29 1
Excmerc 623 Exp licare 10 1 6
Exec ra ri 984 Exp lod e re 868
Exed ere 9 Exp lorare 10 17
Exed ra, Exed r ium 985 Exp lora l é 1 0 15
Exemp la rmxemp lum 986 Exp lnra to r 10 18
Exequim 987 Exp lora lus 485
Exercitatio , Exercitium Exponcre 10 16
988 Expo rtare 10 1 9
Exercita tus,Exercitns 989 Exp o scere, ExpostulareExercnus 53 1 9 14
Exerere 990 Expostulare ab a liquExhwre d a re 5 ahquo 1020
Exhalare 21 7 Exp rimere 1 026
‘I Experimen
Exprobra re 1 021
Exp romere 1022
EXpugnare 1023
Expu lsio 8 15
Exp uugere rat iones 87 1Exquurgr e 1 017
Exsmvi re 2 166
Exsa tiare, Exsaturare
1 024
Exscend er e 8 17
Exscj nd ere 1 090
Exscribere 8 18
Exseca re 8 1 9 .
Exsibilare 2238
Exsomn is 1373
Exsor s 1 0 12
Exsud are 2324
Exsurgere 1 003
Exta 2506
Exta rc 9 96Extemp lb 676
Extend ere 1387
Extenuare 320
Exterm ina t e 977Externu s
, Ex tern s 96Ext imu l a te 6 13Extim
‘
us 1 029
Extinguere 1 025
Ext i rpara 965
Extollere 1515
Exto rquere 1026
Extorr ls 1032
Extra 1 027
Extrah ere 1 028
Extraneu s, Extrar ius 96
Ex trem i tas 1094Extremus 1 029Ex tr ica te 1005Extr insecus 1027
Extrudera 2422Extr uere 3 1 2
Extundere 98 1
Exturba re 1 030
Exuberare 103 1
13q 1 032
Exultare 1 194
Exuv iae 1 60 1
FABRLLA, Fabu la 1035Faber 289Fabr ica
, Fabr icatio 1033
Fabricar i 722
Fab r icator 1 034Fabular is, Fabulosus 1 036
Facere 1 037Facere fabulam 156
Facere fid em 1 038
Pacere finem 1039Facere fugam 1 040
Facere g ratiam 157
Facere orationem 1 042
Facere sermonem 104 1
Facere verba 1043
A'
LPHABET ICAL TABLE .
Facessere 1 4
Facet iae 1513
Facetus
Fac i es 1044Facilis 582Fac i l i tas 1 045Facinus 1 046
Pact io 1 047Facu l tas , Facultates 1 048Fac und i a 944Facund us 865
Faeces 2262Falar ica 2368Fal lac i a 3 14Fa l l ax 1053Fa llere 764
Fa lsitas 1 623
Falsum j urare 1 875
Fa l sum 2445
Fa lsus 1 053
Fama 1049'
Fames 926Fam i l ia 898, 1 190Fam i l iaris 1 90Famosus 1050
Famu l a 1051Famu lar is 223 1
Famu l u s 1052Fanaticus 1054
Fanum 1 1 6
Far i 1055Fas 1442Fas es t 1531Fa sces 1 057Fasc i a 1 056Fasc icu l us
,Fasc i s 1 057
Fast i 1 234Fas t id iosa s 284Fast iclire 826
Fastld ium 21 83
Fast ig ium 236
Fastu s 1 259Fata lis 1 1 65
Fatcr i 1058
Fa ticanus, Fatid icus 277
Fa tifer 1 1 66
Fa t iga re 2480Fatigatus 1076
Fat iloquus 277
Fatiscere 1 059
Fa tum 1 060
Fatuus 364Fauces 2 15Favere 1 061Fav i l l a 497Favor 326Favoréb ilis, Fa ustu s 1 062Fau tor 1 063Faux 1 064Fax 1 065Fecialis
'
1 066
Palm 366
Fenestra 2409Fera 370Feralia 987
b 2
Feral is 1 1 64
Ferax 1 067
Fercu lum'
750
Feremar ii 2 150Fer iaa 1068
Fer iatus 1 8 13
Fer inus 363
Fer i re 1 263Per i tas
,Feroc ia , Fe
'
rocitas'
1 069
Ferox 363Fer ratus 1 074
Ferre 1 070Ferre ad popu lum 1071 '
Ferre fructum 1 072
Ferre pedem 1 7073
Fer reus 1 074
Ferrugo 1 3?
Fertills 1 067
Fervere 1075Feru la 2470Fervor 267Ferns 363
Fessus 1076Festinanter , Fes tiné 1 077Fest i nare 476Fest ino s 506Festivitas 841Festlvus , Festu s 1 078Fex 1 079F ibra 1 7 15Fi ctilis 1 087
Fictio 1080
F i c tor 1 08 1P ictum 2445
Pic tu s 1 082F i de l is
,d us 1 083
F i de l i tas,F id e s 1084
Fid eus 1085
Fid egtia 1086
F id-ucia 1 086
Figere 1 832
Pigmen tum 1080
Figu lar is 1 087
Figu ra 1 088F igu ra re 1 089Pnlni 1523
Fimus 2298Fmd ere 1 090
F ingereFimre 1 093
F in i s 1094Flmtimus 674
Fmitor ‘
1095
Firmitas, Flrmitudo 660
Pi rmus 659F i sce l l a , Fiscina 1096
F i scu s 1 3 1F istu l a 2394F ixu s 1 097F labe l l um 345
Flabi lis 2290
F lab rum 345 8
Flaccescere 109
Flagel l um 2470
Flagi tat e 19 1Plag itium 10
Flagra reFlagrum 2470
F lamen 345Flamma 1 266Fla re 1 099Fla tus 345Pleetere 1 100, 1 101Plere 1461
Fletus 1460Flexibilis 1 1 02, 151 1Flex i l i s 151 1F1 1110 1 103
F1 xuosus 1 102P l exus 1 103Flocc i facere, z stimare1 700
Florens, Floreus, Flor idus1 105
Florere, Florescere 1 104
Fluctuate 1 106Fluctuat io, Fluctus 1 107
Fluentum 1 109
F luera 1594
Flu itare 1 106Fl umen 1 109
f l uv ia l i s, Fluvia t i l i s 1 108Pluv i us 1 109 '
Fluxus‘ 1 1 10Focu s 421Fod ere, Fod icare 1 1 1 1
Foecuudus 1067
Fred are 1 1 12
Fmdus (adj ) 2434Fmd us 229 1
Pa m ina 1 1 1 3Fa mineus 1679
,
Paeneb‘
r is,"
Fcnaerator ius
1 1 14
Faeneralia 1 1 15
Foeneratio 1 1 15
Famum 1 228
Fa rms 1 1 16Foet idus 1 1 17Fmtus (adj ) 1208Pai ns ( subsL) 1 144Fol ium 1 1 1 8
Fo l l i cu l us , Fol l i s 1 1 1 9Fons 1 120
For-are 1 121Pod s 1 124Forcep s , Forfex 1 122Yorda 2437Po res 1 945
Pori ' 1 123Fo ri s 1 124Forum 1 088
Fo rma re 1 089Formid abilis, Formidolo
8 11 ! 1 125
Po rmid are 1640
Formositas 228 1Pormosus 2044Formula 1 126
A5222§5££84E 149311 ?
Forum: 42 1Fo rn ix 1 127
Pors, Fors fortuna 1 128Fo rson, Forsit, Porsitan1 129
Fortassé, Portass1s, Forté
1 1 29
Port i s 1 18Fort itudo 2504
Fortuifb 1 129, 2369
Por tuitu 1 1 29
Portuua 1 128
Fortuna tu s 8 66ForumPossa 1 130
Foss io 1 131
Povea 1 1 30
Povere, 1 1 32Pramaro 552kFrag i l i s 1 1 10Fragmentum 1 133
Fragor 2276Fra g ra re 1 789Frangere 1 154Prater germanus 1 135Prater patruelis 1 135
Praud are 764’
Fraudator,Fraud ulentus
1 136
Praus 314Fremere 1 1 37Fremltus
,Fremor 7 1 0
Frend ere 1 137
Frenum 1 138
Frequens 706
Freq u enta re 474Frequentatio , Frequ en tamen tum 1 139
Frequen ter 2 164Prequemia ‘
1 139
Fretum 1 603
Fretus 1 159
Fr icare 1 826Fr igere 1 140
Fr ig i du s 1 141Fr ivolus
'
1 1 74
Prond ere , Frondescere
1 142,
Frondeus , Frondosu s 1 143Prom -d is 1 1 1 8
Prom - t is 1 044
c tuar ius, Fruc1uosus
1 146
Fructus, Fruges 1 144Frugal is, Frugi
‘1 1 45
Frug 1fer 1 146
Fru i 2538Frumentfir ius, Frumentator 1 1 47
Frumentum 1 148
Frustra 1 149
Frustré est a liquis 1 150
Frus t ri es t a l iqu id 1 150Frustra ri 764Frus tum 1 133
Frutex 260,
Fucus 558Fuga 1 151 1
Fuga re 1 876Fugax, Fugitivus 1 152Fugere 1 153Fugi t me illud 1 154Fulci re 1 155
Fulcruth 560Fu lgere 1 156Fulgetrum, Fu lgor, F111gu r 1 158
Fu lguralis 1 157
Pulgurare 21 97
Fu lgu ra t io'
, Fu lmen 1 158Fulmineus 1 157Fu l tu ra 560Pultus 1 159
Fumid us, Fumosus 1 1 60Funale 1 065
Fundamen tum 365
Fund a1 e 1 18“
Pandere 1 161Fund i to r 21 67Fund 1tus 1 162Fund us 1 163Funebr i s
, Funereus 1 1 64
Funes tus 1 1 65Fung i 1 1 66Pun i s 2136Punu s 987, 2156Put 1 1 67
Furar i 1 168
Fu rax 1 1 69Furca 7 1 9Purens
’
1 1 70Pot ere 804Pu r im 1 1 71
Pur ialis, Fu r i osu s 1 1 70Fur ialiter , Furiose 1 1 72
Pur iatus, Furipund us 1 1 70Purnus 526
Fu ror 1 1 73Fur l im,
Fur th é 512
Fu runcu lu s 1 1 69Fustis 2470
Futilis 1 1 74
GALEA, GaIerus 447
Galli/
caa 4 10
Gallicanus, Galh cus, Gallus 1 175
Ganeo 1 176
Ga rri re 1 1 77Ga rru l u s 1555Gaudere 1 1 78G az a 1 1 79Gelid us 1 141
Ge l u 1 1 80Gemel lus , Geminus 1 18 1Gemina re 9 1 8Gemitus 2065Gemma 1 1 82
Gemm‘zfins, Gemiilé ii s1 1 83
Gebaa 1 1 84
General i s 1 1 85Generafi ter 1 186
Generate 705
Generatlm 1 1 86
Generosus 1 1 87
Geuia lis 1 1 88
Gen icu latus 1 1 89
Gen i tal i s, Genitivfis
Gen i tor 1 839Gen i trix 1 607Gen i u s 1479
_
Gens 1 1 903 1 9 1
Genticus, Gent i l is, Gen t il l l ins 1 192
(351q 1 1 93
Geograph ia 702
Gerere 1 037
Gest i o 55Gest i re 1 1 94
Gesuis 60Gesum 2368
G igan tes 1 1 95G ignere 705
G laber 1468G lac ia l is 1 141G laciare 6 1 8
Q lacies 1 1 80
G fad iét’
or 3 17
G lad ius 1 1 96G lauc‘us 405G leba 1 199G l iscere 1 1 97
G l obus 50 1G lori a , G lor iatio 1 1 98G l or iosu s 284G raba tus 1 499
G rac i l i s 9 94Grad ior 1 420
G radus 1 21 2Gramen 1 199
Grammaticus , G rammati sta 1 2 00
Granarium 1 244
Grand i s 1589Grafid is natu 1590G rassari
G ra ta ri, G ratulari 1201G ra t ia 326G rat ificari 1 202
G rati osus 1204
G ratis, Gra’ tu i to 1 903
Gra tu's, 1 204, 1 205
Grava re, Grava ri 1 206
G ravate, G ravatim 1 207
Gravescere 1 206G rav id a mul ier 1 209G ravid us 1 208Grav i s 12 10Gregal l s, Gregan us1 21 1
i fi ni nh ’n fifi t’
Tfi i E.
G rem i um 2258G reés
'
us 1 21 2
G rex 280Guber
'
n'
aéulum 12
213
Gubernare
Guberna to r 1 699G u l a 1064Gulosus 927
Gu rges 1 214G ustare 1518G n status, G us
'tu s 1 215G u t ta 1 21 6G utfnr 1 064
Gymnasiu m 554
Gyru s 50 1
H AEENA 1 217
HabereHabere fid em 77
Habere finém '
1 039
Habere gratiam 157
Habere o ra tionem 1 042
Haberc sermonem 1041
Habere r erba 1 043
Hab i l i s 1 2 18Habitare 1597
Hab ta tio 900Hab itndo 1 21 9
Hab i tus 1 219 , 1 220Hactenus 1221
Haered ltas 1 222
H z red itaiem'
ad ire,nere 1223
Hz resis 1 224Ha snare 731
Ba l are 1 099Harnad ry
’
a'
ae'
s 1 807
Ha rmon i a 604Hasta , Has tile 2368Haur ire 1225Hebera 1 226
Hebés 364
Hebescere 1226
Hel lua r i 768
Hel l uo 1227Herba 1 228Herbar ius,Hei
'befis 1 229
Herb id us, Herfiosu’
s 1 229
Herus 897
Hespe'rus 957Hen, Heu s 1 230B iare 123 1Hia tus 2 14411 10 1 232
H l lar is 1467R innus 1 682
H ip pfigogm - WOI
l cus 1 235
H iscere 1 23 1
H 1sp anicrisis, H ispanus
1233Histmia 1 234
Hi st r io 586
Haed us 1 935Homo 1236Homonyma 2350Honesta re 1238
Hones ta s, Honestamentum 1 237
Honestus 1239
Honor 1 240, 1241Honorabilis , Honorandus
1 242
Honora re 1238Honorar ius 1243
HJnoratus 1 239Honores 1210Honorificus 1 243Hora 36Horrend us 1 245
Hort et e 984He
'
1'i'en in 1244
Horr ibilis, Horfid us 1245
Hor r ifer, Horr ificus 1 245
Horta r i 1 246
Horta tor 324Hort i
, Hortus 1247
Hospes
Hosp italis 1249
Hosp italitas, Hosp i t ium880
Hosp itus 1249
110 51 181 1 250
Hos t i s 1 02Humane 1 251Humamtas 1 541Humamter, Humanitt‘i s1 251
Humanus 566Humare 1252
Humatio 987Humerus 282Humid us 1253Hum i l is 1 2H umor 1 154Humus 1 255Hyberna,
‘
HyBernacula
1256
Hyd rus or Hyd ra 214Hyems 395Hyperion 2266
j ACBO 720
Jacio 1257
Jactantia 1 259
Jactare 1 258
Jac ta t i o 1 259Jac ti ta te 1 258Jac tu ra 749Jaculari 1 257
Jaculum 2368
Jan) 1 260
J am d i 1‘1 , Jam d udum 9 1 3
J amjam,Jam inde 1260
Jam nu11'
c 1 260
J am 011m, Jamp n dem 9 13
m ALPHABET ICAL TABLE.
Jam p rimum , Jam 111m Immunitas 2436
1 260
Jan i tor 126 1Janna 1945
Ibi, Ib id em 1 262
Icere 1 263
Id tempor is 1264Idcirco 2076
Identidem 2315
Ideo 20 17I d iote s 1265Id onens 246
'
Immutab ilis, Immuta tns1 280
Immutabilitas, Immu tatio 128 1
Impa r 867Impat i ens 1282Imped unenta 1284
Imped imentum 1 283
Imped i re 1 272,2478
Impend eo 1 38 1
Imp end o 1278
Jej un itas , Jej un inm 1 334 Impensa , Imp end lumIgnarns 295
Ignav ia 823Ignescere 266
Ign i s 1266Ignom in ia 1267
2335
Impera re 1595
Imperator 922Imperator ins, Imp er iosus1 285
Igno raut ia, 1gnorat io l 268 Imper i um 12851 15871‘Ignorare 17 1 6Ignoscere ,
1 835
Ignotu s 1 269I l ex 2064I l ia 2506Ilicet 676
I l ium 1 894
I llabo ratus 1 270
I llacrymabills 127 1
I llaqneare 1272
fine 1232
I l l ecebra 1412I llicere 1 41 1
I l l ico 676I l l idere 1 79I lligare 1272
Illimis 1533I l ludere 1 273I l lum i nare, I l lustrare1274
I l lus t res 18 90I llustris 51 8
I lluvies 1 83, 2262Imago 2252Imbecillis becillus, 1m.
,be | l i s 753
Imber ‘ 1275Imbrex 2365Imbuere 1 276
Imitatio 1 25
Imman ls 362
Immensus 1277
Immerens 1 325Imm igra re 57 1Immincre 1278
Imminucre 855 .
Imm i scera 84Immiserabilis, Imm i ser ico rs 127 1
Imm i t i s 363Immittere 85
Immob ilis. Immotus 1097Immolare 1583Immo r ta lls 142
Immund us 1279Immunis 10 12
1 953
Impert iri 584Impervius 342Impetrare 1 288Imp ingere 132 1Imp ius 1289
In p re sen t i re 1304In p rz sentié. 1 303In sen ten t ia, In sentent iam 975
In singn los d ies 2079In tempore, In tempus 67Inaccessus 342
Inambulare 197
lnanimis 978Inan is 1305Inardescere 266
Inaud n'
e 33 1
Inand 1b ilis , lnaud itus 1306
Inaugurar i 650
Incassnm 1 149
Incautus 1 307
Inced ere 1420
I ncendere 28Incend i um
, Incensio 1 308
Incertos 9 10Incessus 1 2 12
Incestum, Incestus Crabs.)1 10
Incestns, (adj ) 1 297Inch oare, lnmpere 1 309
Imp lacabilic , Imp lacatus, Inc ip ien s an nu s 1 3 10Implacid us 1 290
Imp lere 129 1
Imp | icare 1 272
Imp lora re 14 15Importa re 245Importunus 1292
Imp otens 936lmp rimere 1 293Impr im i s 1 957Imp robare 7 12Imp robus 1 294Imp rovid us 1307Imp rovisus 1295
Imp rnd ens 1307
Impnd ens 1 296Imp ud icus 1 297
Impugna re 93Impulsio, Impulsns 1298Impu l sor 324lmp umtas 2466
Impunitus 1 414
Imp urus 1279Impu ta re 8 16Imu s 1299I n 247In an imo m ih i e s t. 693I n annum 61
I n cogna l ionem cad ere546
In cogitationem ven i re546
I n d iem , In d i es 65In integ ro
,I n inwgrum
1300
In manu 1 30 1I n occu l to 1302In perpetuum 1 902
In pre sentem mm 1304
I n p rz senti 1303
Inc i tare 6 13Incita t io, Inc itamen tu m13 1 1
Inclamare 35Inclmare 37Inclytns 51 8
l ncmp tio , Incmp tum 13 12Incognab ilis, IucO gitans,lncogita tus 1 3 13
Incognitus 1269
Incol a 39, 509Inco lumis 1 31 4Incommo dum 749
Incompositus 1 3 16
l ncomp tus 13 15Inconcinnus 1 3 15
Incond itns 13 16
Inconsid erantia 2370
Inconsid eratns 1307
Inconslantia 13 17
Inconsultus 1307
Incorrupto s 13 18Inc rementam 30
Increp are, Increp itare
13 1 9
Incnlcare 1 378
Incumbere 1 351
Incunabu l a 730Incur la 1 707
Incorrere,Incorsare 1320
Incursio 982
Incurvus 251 8Incmtare 44Incu tere 132 1Indaga re 1322Ind ecere 775
Index 648 , 2399I nd ica re 2242Ind icere 1 748
Ind ic ium 2243
Ind igena 1 323Ind igens , Ind igus 1 867 '
Ind igere 439 1
Indigna t io, Ind ignztas
1324
Ind igno s 1 325Ind iscret il s 1 326
l nd ivid uus, 1nd ivisu3 1 326Indo les 1327Ind omitus 1 328Indormire 9 30Ind ucere 1 405Ind uciz 1329
Ind uere 1 330
Ind ulgens 525
Ind ulgentia 1 331
Ind u lgere 1 835Industr i a 1332
Ind ustrius 1 333
Ined ia 1 334l ue labo r
'atus 1 270
l nep tiae 1335
Inep tus 364
Inert ia 823Ine scare 764Inesse 23 13
Inexo'
rabi lis 1290
Infacundus 1339
Infamare 1336I nfam ia 1 267Infamis 1050
Infando s 1 337Infan s 1338 , 1339Infantia 2042
Infelix 1 652
Infensus 1340
Infer i 1341Inferia 987
Inferre 1 45
Inferre p ed em 1 073
Inferus 1 299
Infestus 1 340
Inficere 1276
Inficia r i, Inficias i re 1 342Infid e lita s 1 892
Infid us 1 893
Infigere 1 46
Infimus 1299Infinitas, Infin itud o 1343Infinitus 1 277
I nfirmare 754Infirmus 1344
I nflammare 28
I nflatio , Inflatas 1 345Inflectere 783Infligere 1 321Influere 634Infcecund ns 2299 .
Informa re 1346
ALPH ABET ICAL TABLE .
Ingeniosus 63
Ingen ium 1327
Iugen s 1589Ingenuus 1 349
Ingred i 1350
Ingruere 1351
Inh ibere 552
InhOSp ita lis, InbOSp itus
1 352 s
Inh umane, Inh uman iter1 353
Inh umanus 363In ibi 1262Iniens annu s 13 10In im i care 1 72Inimicitia 1 780Inimicus 1 02In i t io 3Initium,
In i t i a 1354Inj u r ia 1355Inj ur ié , Inj ur iosé 1356
Inj un a p roh i bera 1 357
Inju ri am facere 1358Inj uriosus, Inj urius, Inj ustu s 1359
Iun i t i 89Innocens, Innocuns 1360Innocen t ia 1 361Innova re 1 732Innoxius 1 360
Innubere 956
Innubus l363
Innuere 224
Innumerus, Innumerabilis1 362
Innuptus 1 363
Ino le scere 998Inop inatus 1 295Inops 1 867Inquies, Inq u ieto s 1364Inqu ieta re 2270Inqu i l ina s 1323Inqu ina re 670Inqu irere 228
Inquit 1 365
Insan ia 1 1 73Insan i re 804Insanus 1 9 9
Insc iens, Inscius 1 366
Inscr ibe re 649
Insecta r i, Insequi 1 367
Insere re 1 368
Inservire 2233Ins id iator, Insid iosus 1 369Inmgne 2245In s ign i s 518Insi lire 1 370
Insimulare 44Insinua re 1368
Insip iens 364Informatio 1347 51 1 1. g
°
stere 1 37 1
Infra 9390 1 with ), 2 184Infu l a 835 Inso lens 284Infund ere 1348
Infuscate 1276Insolent ia 1 372
Insomnis 1 373
Insomn ium 2274
Insperatus 1295
Insp icere 1 374
Insp i rare 300Instabi lis 1 375
Insta r 1447I nstare 1 376
Instauraz c 1 377
Ins t iga re 61 3Inst i l lare 1378Insti tor 500Inst ituere 1 346
Inst 1tutio, Inst itutum 1 379Instructus 1 962
l nstruere 1 346
Inst rumen tum 1 380
Insuere 2325
Insuescere 2267
Insu l so s 364Insu l ta re 1370Insume re 1 38 1In surgere 2345Integer 1 382Integer d ie s 1383In tegra re 1377Integn tas 1 36 1
Integumen tu m 14 16
Intelligere 1 384
Intemper iae, Intempe ri e s1 385
Intempesta nox 6 1 9Intempes t iva s , l ntemgestus 1 386
I ntendere 1 387Inter coenam 1 388
I n ter i psos, Inter se 1 390
In te r manu s 1 38 9I n tercalare 1 39 1
Intercap ed o 487
Inte rced ere 1 392Intercess io, Intercessns
1 393
In terc l ud ere 1 394Interd icere aqu a et 1gni
1 87
Interd ictio , Interd i ctum1 395
Interdum 23 15
Interequ itare 1396
Inte resse 73, 1 397Interfector 1 887Interficere 1 776
Interiicere 1 39 1'
Inter imere 1776
Inter i or 1 401Inter ire 1 673
Interitns 1 755
Inte‘
rminatus 1 277
Inte'
rmiss io 487'
l nternuncius 139 8
Interpe l lare 1 399Interpouere 1 39 1
Al nterp res 1 398
Interp reta ri 1014
In ter roga re 1 885
A LPH AM IGAL TAK E.
In ter rogatio 1400
Inter sepire 1394
In tertnmen tum 749
In terva l lum 8 77
In terv en i re 1392Intervi scre 248 7In tes ti na 2506Intexere 239 1
In t imus 1 40 1 , 1402In t ingere 559In tolerans 1 282
Into leran tia 1 372
In t ra 1403
Intr é aliquod t empu s 2In tractabilis, Intractatn s
1328
In trare 1 3501 11 1 1 6 1 404
In t rod ucet eIntro ire 1350
In t roi tus 80In tr omittere 1405
Intro rsfxm 1404
Intrpsp icere 1 374
Intueri 2423
lnt l‘
xs 1 404
Invadere 1777
Inval id us 1344Invebere 95Invenfre 1 406Inventio , 1nven tum 1 407
Inverecnnd us 1296
Inverger e 1348
Inver tere 684Invest igat e 1322I nvererascer e 1 408
Invicem 2484
Invid entia, In v id ia 140 9
Invid iosus, 1nvid us 1410
l nvio latns 1 382lavisere 2487
Inv i su s 1779Invitamentum, Invitatio1 412
Inv i tare 141 1
Invims 14 13
Iov ins 342Innltus 1 4 14
Invocare 1 4 15Invo lare 1 1 2Invo lucmm 1 416
Invo lvere 1 13Innrere 1 293
Jocosus. Jacular is 1 4 1 7Jocula rius.Joculato r ius1 4 17
Joa n 14 18
1ra , 1racund ia 1 41 9
Iracund us 2302
Irasci 230 1
I re 1 420l rrcper e 94
In equiemo 1364l rrcu rc 1272
lr t id cre 2 143
Ir r itamentum, Ir ritamen,Ir r itatio 1421
I r ri tare 1459
Irr itus 448
Irrup tio 969
15, 15te 1232
Iraqu e 1 422I tem 1 423
l tcr 1424
h er facere 1 425Iterare agrum 1 733
Iterfim 1 426
I tid ern 1 423
It io . 1tus 1 427
J uba 1 428Jubar 1 570Juber e 1595
Jucundus 1204
Ind ex 257
J ud icare 1 429Jud ica ti o 1 430Jud icatum 143 1
Jud icatum facere, solvere1 432
Jud icams 1 43 1
Jud icial us, 1ud iciarinsl 433
Jud i c ium 258 , 143 1
Jud icinm da re, exercere,facere 1484
Jugah s 1 435
Ingi s 1 42Jugo sus 1435
Jugulare 1 776Jugu l um 1064
J ugum 551
Jumentnm 280
J unc t i o,Junc tu ra 1436
Ju ramen tum 1 445
Jur a re 1437Jurgium 678
Jur iscons’
ul tns 1 433
Jur isd ict io 1 430
Jur isperitus 1438
Jus
1 115 c i v i l e 1 441Jus d i cere
,r esp onder e
1443
Jus gen t i um 1441
Jnsjurandum 1 445
I u ssa 770Justa 987Ju sti t i a 1439J ust i t i um 1068
1 1141 11 3 130J uva ra 352Juvenca 2437
Juvcncus 2363J uven i s 911Juven ta , 1uventas ,Juvent us 1446
Jux t a 1447 , 1448
Lab i 1594Lab i um , Label lum 1 452
Labo r 1 332, 1453. 1 454Labo rare
’
1455
Labo r iosns 844, 1 333
Lab rnm 1452
Lab ru sca, Labruscum1456
Lacera re 1457Lacern a 1 882Lacer tosns 1458
Lacer tus 39 1Lacesser e 1459
Lacr ima 1460
Lacximabifio, Lacr irh osUs1462
Lac rimat i 1 46 1Lactans , Lactens 1463
Lactar ius,Lacteus 1464
Lacun a 1 130Lacuna r 1 1 27Lacus 1465
d ere 1466t a ri 1 178Latvis 1468s s 146 9
Laganum 750
Lambe re 1470Lamentatio , Lamen tum
Lam ina 39 1Lampas 147 1Lanar ius 1474
Lana tu s, IA neus 1 472
Lancea 2368Languere, 11angmscere
1475
Langu o r 1 476Lan iare 1457Lanifer , Laniger 147 8
Lanificus 1474
Lan i sta 3 1 7Lanosus 1472
Lanx 1 859
Lap id eus ,Lap id osus 1477Lap i s 1 478Laquear 1 127Laqueu s 454Lar 1479Largé, Largi ter
'
1
La rgl r i 90 1Largl tio , La_
rgitas 148 1
La rgito r , Largus 38 1Larva 1482
Larvze 251 7
Lasc ivia 1483
Lascivus 148 4
Lassus 1 076La tebra 1488La teb rosus,La ten s 4 485La ter 1 486
Lu ann Labascere 1449 Latere 1487
ALPHABET ICA L TABLE.
Lumen 1570Luminosus 157 1
Lunar is , Luna tus 1572Lupatus, Lup inus 1573Lu pe rca l 1580Lu rid us 1 574
Lusc iosus 400
Lusen s 533Lu s io 141 8Lustr alis , Lustrion s 1575Lus trare 1 9 1 6Lu st rum 1576
Lusu s 141 8Luteus, Lutuleutns 1577
Lutu ln 540
Lux 1570
L ux u ri a,Luxu s 1578
Lu xu r iate 103 1Luxur iosus 1579
Lyczeus 1580
Lych nus, Lycbnucbus
147 1
Lymph a 249Lymph at icus, Lymph atus1054
MACELLUM 158 1
Mac r 99Mach in a ,Mach inatio
1582
Mach i nato r 1034Mactare 1583
Macte 1584
Macu la 1451
Macu lare 776Madere, Madescere 1585
Mad id us 1 953
Mag i s 1586Mag ister 893Magis t ra tus 1 952Magnificent ia 1587
Magnificus 1 683
Magn itudo 1588Magn us 1589Maj estas 1588Majo r, Maj or natu 1590
Maj ores 1 880Ma la 1 1 84Ma led ictio, Maled ictum1 355
Maleficentia , Ma leficium7 1 1
Ma levo lentia 1599
Ma l igna s 159 1Ma l i t i aMalitiosus 159 1
N o l um 1593, 1 937
Ma l us 1294Mana re 1594Manoeps 2 104
Manc i pe ro 322Mancipa lus 69
Manc i p ium 1 7 18
Mancus 745Mandare 1595
Mand abor 45
Mandere,Mand u ca re 928
Mane 1 596
Manere 1597
Manes 2517Mango 1598
Man ica 589Manifestus 517
Manipula ris , Manipu l ar i u s 1599Man i pu l a s 1506Mannus 397Mans io 900
Mansuetus 388
Mant i l e 1600
Mana h iz 1 601
Manub r i um 437 .
Manumittene 947Manus 1602Map a lia 446
Mappa 1 600Ma reere , Marcescere
1475
Mare 1 603
Marga rita 1 1 82Ma rgo 1 604Ma r inus, Mar i t imus 1605Marsupmm 1550
Ma rt ia l is , Mart ins 1 608
Mascu l inus, Masculus
1 606
Ma ter, Mater-fam i l ias1607
Mate rtera 901Matr imon ium 646
Ma t rona 1 1 13Mat u ra re 476Maturaté
,Matu re 1 609
Ma tu ru s 1 6 10Max i l l a 396Mea re 1 6 1 1Meder i 16 12Med icamen , Med icamemtum 1613
Med i ca re 1 6 19Med ic ina 1 613Med ietas 1 6 14
Med iocris 1615
Med ita r i 575
M ed ium 1 6 14
Med ias 1 6 16
Me i s verb is, Meo nom ine
1 69 9
Melleus, Mel larius 16 17
Me llifer , M e l l i tus 1 6 17
Memb rana 1 833Membmm 1 6 18
Meminisse 1 6 19
Meminisse alicuj us, a l iqu id 1 690
Memmim de re aliqué
Memo t 1 905
h im1615
110613 101
11mg“ :
Memorab ilis, Memorana
d us 169 1Memora re 1 694Memor i a 647Mend a , Mend um 1 699
Mend acium 1 693
Mend acium d i ce re 1 697Mend ax 1694
Mend lcns 1 867
Mendosus 1 694
Men s 9 99Mensa riue 979
Menst rua l is , Menstmus
1 695
Men su ra 1 696Mentio 579
Ment i r i 1 697, 1698Mercari 949
M ercato r 1 630M erca tu ra 1631
Merca tus 1 639
Mercenar ius 9 89
Merces 1 633Mercimon ium 1638
Mere re , Merer i 1634
Mere tri x 690Mergere 1 635Merid iatio , Mer id ies 1 636
Mer i ta 1 787Merum 1 637
Men: 1 638
N ess i s 29 19Meta 1094Metar i 1 639
Metator 1 095
Metere 443Meti r i 1 639
Metuere 1 640
Metuere ab a liquo , a l iqu em 1 64 1
Mica re 1 156
M igra te 57 1M i l es 1649M i l i ta re 367M i l i ta ri s 369M i l i t ia 373M im i 3 19M imus 586M ina , Minatio 1 643
M ina ri 1 644Minax 1 645
M in ime, Minimhm 1 646
M inis t ra re 1647Mmitabund us 1 645Mmita r i 1 644Minuere 1 648
Minuta tim, M i nu té ‘
1649
M inu to s 394M i rab i l i s , Mirand us 1 651Mi ra r i 1 650Min ficus 1651
Mirmillo 3 17
M i rus 1 651Miscere 636M iser
,Miserab i l ia 1 659
LPHABETICAL TABLE .
Mo tus 1 44Movere 1 10 1
M o z 9 497
Mucro 59Mu °
re 1 676
Mugar e 449Mu lcere 1509
M ulcta 1 677
M ulctar e 449
Mulctatio 1 677
Mulctra , Mulctrale 1 678
M u l i eb ri s 1 679M u l i er 1 1 1 8Muliero sus 1 679Mu lsum 1680
Mu lt i 594Mu l t ip l ex 1 68 1Mul titud o 9 439
M oltus 1 68 1
Mulus 1 689Mund itiz 798
Mundus 1 683Munerar i 1 684
Mu n ia 1 687Municeps, Mun icipalis
1 685
M unificus 38 1
Mun imen ,Mun imentum1686
Mun i re 1 155Munitio 1 686
Munus 903 .1 941 , 1 687
Mo re: 9051
Mu rmu r 7 10Murmurare 1 688
Mu rus 1 8 49Mussare
,Mussitar e 1 688
Mustum 1680
Mutab ili tas 1 3 17
Mu tare 1 689Mutatio 1 3 17
Mutilus 745
Mutire 1688
XXV“.
Nativus,Naturalis 1 697
Nava l e 9 9 95Naval is 3698Navarch us 1699
Nauci facer e ,h abere 1 700
Navigat e 1 698
N avigium, Navis 1 70 1Nau sea re 959 8N auticus 1 698
Navus 1333Nebu la 1 740N ebuio 9447
Neb ulosu s 1 709Necare 1 776
Nccatus 1 703
Necessa r ius 1 40 9Necesse es t 1 798Necess i tas ,Necess i tudo1 704
Nec ta 1 96N ectere 1 705
Necubi , Necu r1d é 1 706
N efand us 1 337
c ar ius 1 9 89Nefas 1046Nega re 1 6
Negl igen t i a 1 707Negl igere 896N ego tiatio 1708
Nego t ia to r 1630
Nego tiosur , Nego tialis
1 709
Nego t ium 1 7 10
Negot ium agere, conficere1 7 1 1
Nego t ium facesser e, ge
rere 1 7 1 1Nemo 17 1 9
Nemo n on 17 1 3
Nemo ra lis , Nemo rosus
1 7 1 4
Nempe 9485Nemus 9 173
Mutuar i ,Mutu itare 1 690 NGPOS 1 175
Mutub 9484
Mu tus 1 339Mu tuum dare 579Mu tun s 1 84Myoparo 1 70 1
Mys ter i um 169 1
s w r. 1 335
Naiades 1 692N ancisci 1 406
Nardus 959 1Nare 1 693Na ri s 1 696Nar rare 164
Nasc i 1 695Nasus 1 696Natalis, Natalitius 1 697
Natare 1693
Natio 1 1 9 1
Nequam 358
Nequedum 1 79 1
N equicquém 1 149
Nequitia 159 9
N equius 898
Nereides 169 2Ner vosu s 1 458Ner vus 589 , 17 15N escire 1 7 1 6
N cscius 1 366
Nez 1514
N exare 1 705
Nexum 1 7 1 8
Nexus 1 7 17 , 1 7 1 8N i do r 1 7 19
N iger 3 16N i h i l , N ih ildum 1790
N ih ilomim‘
xs 1799
N ih ilum 1 790
N imbo sus ,1 709
N imbus 1740
11 1 11511 1; t h an: 1 1 983 .
Nimirfim 9 485
N im i s,N imifim 1 793
N i sus 1 794N irere 1 156N i ti 60 1N i va l i s.Nfi eus, Nivosus1 725
N ixus,
1 794
N ixus , (a d j ) 1 159N ub ilis 6 18
N ocens 1 738 , 91 41
Nocere 1 358Noctuabund us,
‘
N6ctur11 11 5 1 796
Nod are 1 705
Nodosus 1 1 89Nod us 17 17Nblle 17 97
Nomen 1 798
Nom inare 9593Nom ina t im 99 80N on n emo 17 13
Non tantfim 1 730N on vel le 1 797Nondum 1 79 1
No rma 1 1 96N oscere 4 16
No ta 1 4511
N otio , Notitia'
1731
N ovali s ‘ 1 734NM re 1739
Novare agrum 1733
Nov ello s 1 734N ovi tius 1735New s 1736
‘
Nb raflS‘On'
a 1737N oxius 1 738
Nobe re 1 739Nubes 1740Nadare 1 74 1Nud atus, Nudus 1749N ugz 1335
Nu ll o labo re,Nullo negot i o 1743
Nu l lus 1 7 1 9Num ? 9 19Numen 834
Numerabilis, Numewms1 746
Numera re 1744N umerato,NumérbSé 1745Nummafi th 971Nummus 1747N uuc 9497
Nun c ia re 1 748Nunc ius 1 749N uucu ar e 9535No ud iN und inari 949Naper 1659Nuptiz 646
N utare 1449
Nutr icula , N1n rix 1 730Nu tr ire 1 66N ux 1 937
0 .
O BAMBULARE, 197Obcz care 39 9
Obcalleocere 1 751
Obd ucere 1 767
Obd uresccre 1 751
C h ed i r e 1 759Obequ l tar e 79
Oberr ar e 10
Obesse 1358
Obesus 1999‘
Objectare , 0 bp cer e 1 753O b l re 1 673
Ob i ter 744Obitus 1554 , 1555Objurgar e 1 3 19
Objurgatio 1 666
Ob lectamentum, 0 b1ectat i o 79 4
.
Oblecta t e 795Ob l iga re 1756
Obligur ire'
768
Obl iquus 94 15Ob l iterar e 79 7Oblitus 799
Obl i v io , O’
bfivia 1 757
Oblivisci 777Obloqui 1 399Obluctari 1758Obmurmurare 87
0 bmute$cere 473,1 759
Obniti 1758
Obnoxius 69Obnubé r e 9457Obnuntiare 996O brepere
’
fi
Obruere
Obscamitas 176 1Ob sccr nus 1979Obscurare 177 9Obscuratio ,0 b5cufi tas4 15
Obsep ire 599
Obsequi 1759
Obsequ ium 1 33 1
Ob serare 599
Observad tia 1769
O bservar eO bservatio 1769
Obses 94490 bsess io , 0 bsid io 1763
Obs id ere 1 764
Obsignare 651
Obsistcrc 9 9
,Nuuaiuafio 1639 Obso lescere 998Obsonare 1 765
Ob son ium 750
Ob staculum 1983
Obs ta re 1766
Ob stinatio 68 1
Obstrmgere 1 756 , 9305Obatrucre 599
Obstupescer'
e 1 759Ob tegere 1767Obtemper i re 1759
Ob tend ere 1 767
Obtentus 1 984
Obtcr'
ér e 9438
Ob testari 1 809
Ob ticere 473
Ob tirrere 1988
Obtingit 3 1
Obto rpescere 1 759
Ob trectare 1 768
Obtr ectato r 490
Obtruncare 1 776
b b tund erg 95198Obtu ra t e 599Obturbare 866
Obtutus
Obvallare_1770
Ob ven i r 3 1 ‘
Obvert ei'e 1065 f
Obviam egr ed i, Obfi ami re 1 77 1Obumbrare 1779
Obvo lvere 1 773Occasio 1774
Od i éus ‘
1755Occid ens
,OCCid éntfl is
1 775
Occi’dere 1 67 3Ocd d ere 1 776C e‘c id io , O ccisio 409
O CC1dUUb 1 775
Occinere 609
Occulere, Occfil ti re 4
Occu lté 519Occumbere
‘
1673Occupa re 1 777
Occuyatio 1708
Ot éupatus .
1 778
Occurr ere 1 771
0 6 113 9009
0 crea 4 13Od iosus 1 779
Odias e 984Odi um 1 780
O der , Od om 1 7 1 9
Od ora t i 1 78 1Od o ratio , 0d ofiitfis 1783Odo ra tus
, (adj .) 1 789Od o rifer , 0 dorus 1 78 9
0 1131 1444
Offendere 1 78 4, 1 785Ofi
'
ensa , Ofl'
enéio 1786
Ofiicere 1 766Offi cia 1787
O fficina 938
Ofiiciosus 740
Ofi cium179 1
O lere 1 789,
O lfacere 178 1
O l im 1790
Oliva, 0 li1mm 1 79 1
O lus 1508
O lympus 536Omasum 7 1
Omen 1 977Omentugy j lOmiuar i 340
Omittere 1 983
Gmn im‘
) 9098
Omn ia 1793
Onager 994Onerar ius,Onerosus 1 9 10Oneratus 1 794
Onus 1 938Onustus 1 794
Opacat e 1 779Opacus 1 795Opera 989 , 1453Opera , Operar ius 9 89
Operculum 9 366
Operire 9364
Operosus 844Opes 1 048Opifex 989Op imus 1 9 99O p inab ilis, Opiuiosus‘
1 797
O p inari 959
O piuatio , Op i n i o 1796
O p itular i 359
O por tet 1 798
Opperir i 1 004
Oppetere 1 673
Opp ido 676Opp idum 510
O pp ignerat e 1 9 1 9O pp i lare 59 9Opplet e 1 99 1Opponere 1 753O ppo r tun itas 1 774
O ppo rtunus 58 1Opp r imere 1095O pp rob rare 1 02 1
Opprob r i um 1 967
Opp 1764
Ops
Optab ilis 1 799O p tabiliter , Op tate 1 800O ptare 734Optatum, Op tio 1 80 1
O pt ima tes 1 997O ptivus 1 799Opulentus 883
Opus 1 453Opus es t 1 798Ora 1 604Oracu lum 1 96 1
O rare 1 809
Ora t i o 6 1 1 ,Orato rOrbar e 1 805Orb i s
,Orb i ta 50 1
Orcu s 1 34 1Ord i nare 856
1 803
11 111 11 11 113 1 194 1 Faun .
O rd ina te, O rd inafim 1 806O rd i t i 1309O rd o 869O reades 1 807O rgi a 355O r ia 1 70 1
Or igo 1 8 1 1O r i ri 1 695
O r iundus 1 8 1 0
O rnamentum‘ 0798 ,
O rna t e 1 808O rnatus, sul s 798
Ornatu s,gadjO rp h anus 1 809
O r tus, (ad; 1 8 1 0
O r tus ,(subs . 1 8 1 1
Os 396
O sc i n es 1 8 12O scitar e 905
O sculatio , Oscu lum 907
Osten dere,Osten tare 999
Ostentatio 1 959
O steutum 90 1 1
Ost i um 1 945
Ost rum 9051
O tiosus 1 8 13
Ot ium 893
O vat e 9490Ovatio 949 1
Ov i l e 463
PABULUM 1 849
Pacalis 1 8 17
PacarePacato r 1 8 1 6
Pacatus 1 8 15
Pacificar i 1 8 14
Pacificatio 1 329Pacificator 1 8 16
Pacificator ius,18 17
Pacisci 1 818Pactum 1 8 19
Pact io 9 99 1Pz d agogug 8 93Paad o r 9 969Paetus 533
Pagus 1 890Palmstra 554Palém 1 82 1
Pa lar i 1 8 9 9Palatim 1 89 3
Pa lat i um 343Pa l ea 9 303Pa l la 9 400Pa l las 37 1Palliatus 9403
Pa l l idu s 1574Pa l l ium 9400
Pa lma 1 609
Pacificus
l
Palmifer , Palmosus 1 895Pa l pare 1 896Palpebra 1 898
Pa ludamen tum 9400
Palumbes 1 897Pa lus - i 1 89 9Pa lu s - ud i s 1 465Pamp inus 1 830
Pandere 1 83 1Pandua 951 8Pangere 1 839Panthera 1 840Papyru s 1 833Pa r 1 29Parare 1 834Pa rcere 1 835Parcere ab 3 11u re, a l i - l
cu i rei 1 836,
Parcimonia ,Par C1 tas 1 837
Pareu s 1 838Pardu s 1 840Parens 1 839
Pat en tare 151 9
Pareo 1 759Pat io 1 84 1
Par ies 1 849Par i ter 1 98Parma 599Pars 1 843Pa rt iceps 657Par ticipat e 584
Par ticulatim,
’
Par tim1 844Par t i t i 584Par ti té 1 844
Par titio 1 843
Pa rtu r i re 1 84 1Pa rum 1 845
‘
Parump er 1 8 1 6Pa rvus 394Pascere 1 847P359 1 1848
Pascu a 1 849Passim 1 893
Passu s 1 9 19Past i o 1 850Pasto r 1 851Pa§ to ralis, Pastor itius,Pas t orius 1 859
Fastus 1 850Patefacere 1 831Pateus 1 853
Pa ter 1 839 ‘
Patera , Patel l a 1 859
Pa tere, Patescere 1 855Paternus 1 854
Pat i 1 856Patibilis 1 857Patibulum
,
'
7 1 9
Pa t ien s 1 857Pa t ien t i a 1 858Pat ina 1 859
Patrare 629
Palmar is,Palmar ius, Pal Pa t res 1 860ma tus 1 8 94
Pa lmes 1 830Pa tres conscr ip ti 1 86 1Patr imoniuru 1 999
XXX
Patr ius 1 854
Pa t roc i n ium 1 869
Patro nus 1 863
Patruus 1 864
Patulus 1 853
Panen s 1 865Pavens 1 866Pavere 1 640Pavid us, Pavitans 1 866
Paulatim 9 9 1 9
Paulisp er 1 846
Paulum,Paululum 1 845
Pau per 1867Fax 139 9 , 1 869
Peccatum 7 1 1
Pecna,Pecua r ia 1 868
Pecu la to r 1 870Peculatus 1 87 1
Peculiar is 9 000
Peculiatus, Peculiosus
1 872
Pecu l ium.Pecun ia 1 873
Pecuniar ius, Pecuniosus
1 879
Pecus S70
Ped ali s, Pedar ius, Pedest r is 1 874
Ped etentim 9 9 19
Pejera re 1875
PCJUS 1 96
Pelagus 1603
Pellax 1053
Pellex 690
Pellere 1 876
Pel l i s 747Pel ta 59 9Pena tes 1479Pendere 1 877Pendu lus 1 878Penés 948
Penetrabilis, Pcnetralis
1879
Penetrale 1 14Penctr are 1 880
Penitus 90 9 8
Penn a 1 69
Pen sa re , Pensitare 1 877Pensi l i s 1 878Pensio 1 88 1
Pen sum 1 687
Penu la 1 889Penu r ia 440Pepl um 940 0
Per ”1 tempus 1 964Per manu s 1389Per tempus 67Peragr arc 1 883
Peragratio 1 8 84
Pcrcep t io 173 1
Perciperc 1 384
Percontar i 1 885
Percontmio 1 400
Perculsus ,Percussus 1886
Percurrere 1 883
Percursatio 1 884
ALPHABET ICAL TABL
Percu sso r 1 887Percu tera 1 963
Perdere 909 , 897Perdere tempus 903Perd iscere 858
Perd 1tus 1 888
Ferd in 9 13Perdoccr e 8 9 1
Perducto r 1510
Perd uellio 1 87 1
Perd uellis 1 09
Peregr inatio , Peregr inio
tas 1 8 89Peregr i na tor
,Peregrinu s
96
Perend u: 703
Perenn i s 149
Per equitare 1396
Per fect issimi 1 8 90Perfec tus 1 89 1Per ferre 849
Perficere 1 7
Perfid ia 1 899
Perfid losus , Perfid us 1 893
Perfo rare 1 1 9 1Perfuga 94 10
Perfugere , 635
Perfugium 3 15
Perfungi 1 166
Pergama 1 894Pcrgere 1895
Perh ibere 1055
Per icll tar i,10 1 1
Per iculum 864
Perimere 1776Per ipetasma 1 896Peri re 1673Per istroma 1 896Per i tu s 8 94Perjurare 1 875
Per litare 151 9
Perluc idus 157 1Per luer e 9 97 1
Permanare 1 880Permiscere 84
Permittere 303Permunire 1 97 1Permu ta re 1 897Pern a 1898Pernegarc 16
Pern icies 1 89 9
Pernicio sus 748
Per n icitas 1900
Permi x 506Pernoc tat e 19 10Pernox 1 909
Pcrop taté 1 800
Pero ra re 1009Pero ratio 189 1
Perpend ere 1006
Perpessio 1858
Perpet rare 69 9Pepetuitas 1343
Per petub, Perpetuum1 902
a n 1911
P i ra ta 1 968Pi scar i as , Piscatorius,P1scosus 1 9 93
Placabilis 1 00 1
P laca re 1509Placatus 18 15
P lace t 1994Placulus 595 1
P laga 1 995, 9 1 19Plagte 1926
P l anctus , P langor 9065P lanéP l aneta 3 13Plamtles 968P lanta
,P l an ta r ium 1 998
P lan ta1 e 9 9 96P lateaPlaustrum 743
Plausns 36
P lebe iu s , Plebicola 1 999
P l ebs 1 944Plectere 449
Plené 199 7
Pleuus 698
Plicare 1 1 00
Ploratus 1 460
P l umaPlumatns , Plumeus, Pl umosu : 1 930
Plures 594
Plu s 1586P l u teus 9496P l uv ia 1 975Pocu l um 493
Podagra 490Poéma 1 93 1
Pu ma 1 677
Poema s petere, Poemas rep etere 1939
Pumas sumere 9 333Pccnitet 1 9 1 8
Poé sis, Poé tica 1 931Poeta 1 933Polenta 9047Poh re 1 934
Pollere 1 946
Pollicer i, Po llicitar i 1 935
Polluere 670
Pol u s 536Pomifer , Pomosus 1 936Pompa 1587Pomum 1 937
Pond erare 976Pondus , Panda 1 938
Poné 1 939
Ponere 1940Pont ifex 1 941Pon t i fica l”
, Pontificius1 949
Pontones 4 701Poutus 1 603
Pep in - 1943
Pop l es 9330Popu lar i s 508Pop u l us, POpellus 1 944
ALPfi ABET ICAL TABLE.Porca
,Forens 9346
Porrigere 909 1
Porta 1 945Portare 1 070Po rtend ere 340
Por tentum 90 1 1
Port i cus 3 1 8Port io 1843
Por t i tor 1 961Portor ium 9900
Portus 9995Poscere 1 9 14
P0 31tus 9 96 1
Posse 1 946
Possessio 9534
Possid ere 1 947
Pos t 79 1 , 1 939Postea 79 1Posterio r, Pos te rn s 1948Postremb , Postremfim1 949
Postremus 1099
Postr id ie 703
Pos tu l are 1 9 14Postulat io, Pos tu latum1 950
Pota re 389Potatio 1 955
Po ta tor 383Potens 597
Poten tia 1 951
Po testas 1 951 , 1959, 1 953Pot i r i 9538Potor 383Potms 1 954
Potus, P0 tio 1 955
Po tus 9497
Prev: manu 1301Prz bere 1 647
Pret ced ere 930
Prwcelsus 1 96
Praeceps 1 375
Przecep tio, Praecep tum1 956
Praacep tor 893
Prmcid ere 8 1 9Prwcingere 39
Przecip ere 1595
Praecipxtare 1030Pra cup itium 19 14
Praeciput‘
: 1 957
Praecipuus 1958
Praeconium 1 1 98
Praecord la 9506
Praecox 1970
Prz cnrrere 1959
Pre curso r 953Praed a 160 1 , 2087
Przz d ar i 8 1 1
Przed a to r 1 963
Prmd lcare 1494
Pra d lcat io 1 1 98
Praad icere 1 960
Praed icta , Prz d ictio 1 961‘ Praed ictus 1 969
Pra do 1963
Praeesse 1 9641
Pre fa t i 90 1 9Praefectu s 1 965Prz ferre 1 973
Przeficere 1 9 74
Praefidens 1 085
Preefinire 1 976
Praegnans mu l ie r 1 909Pre gravare 788
Przej ud icata op inio, Prz ’
j ud i c i um 1966
Praal ia r i 367
Pra l ium 1 967'
Preclium committere, facere 1 968
Praaloqu i 1969
Prazmaturus 1 970
Prz mmm 903
Pramun ire 1 97 1
Prz nomen 1 79 8
Praaoccupare 934
Praeo ptare 1000
Prz parare 1 834
Praeparatio 1 979
Pr aeped ire 1 979
Praepes 506
Przepetes 1 8 19
Praeponere 1 973, 1974
Praaposterus 1 907
Prz p roperus 508
Praarogat iva 900 1Praeruptus 1975
Prz s 9 449
Praesagitio, Prx sag'
mm
1 977
Praescribere 1 976
Pre scr ip tno , Praescriptum1 1 96
Prz sentio 1 977
Pr zesepe 1 978
Prz ser tim 1 957
Prae ses 1 979Prz sid ere 1 964
Pre sid i um 354
Praasta re 9 185
Prazst igiz 433
Pm stitue re 1 976
Prmstb esse 74Prz stolar i 1004
Prz str ingere 1 980
Praasul 1 94 i
Praatend ere 1 989
Przeter 198 1
Pra tergred i 94 10
Pra ter ire, Pra termittere1983
Pra terquém 1 98 1
Pmtcrveh ere 9 4 14.Pra tervolare 1 9 89
Prx texere 469
Praetextum, Pra textus
1 984
Pmtor pe reg rinu s, urban us 1 985
14 1.511 .4 11 1;m TABLE.
Praetorianus, Prz torius
1 987
Prz tor ium, Prz tura 1 986
Praavenire, v ertere930
Praevidere 1 988Pravolare 1989
Prand lum 537
Pravitas 8 14Pravus 1 994Preca r i 1809Preca rr ab a liquo , al icui
1 990
P reca r i ad a liquem; ali
quem 1 990
Preca tio, Prec is 1 99 1Preh end ere, Preh ensa re
1 999
Premere 1 993Pret i um 1633
Prid em 9 13
Primacvus 1994Pr imari us , P rim i t ias1 995
Primas d eferre, ferre 1 996P rim igen i o s 1 9 94Pr iml p llus 933Pr imo, Pr iml
‘
xm l
Primord ium 1 354
Pr imores 199 7Pr imus , Pr lor 1 998Pr inceps 1995Pr inc i pa l i s 1 958Pr incipatus 19 87Princ ip ié 3P rincipmm, Princ ip i a1 354
Priscus, Pri s t inas 1999P riva re 1 805Pr ivatus 9000Privnlegium 9001
Pr id s 9009
Pro se qu i squ e 9003Pro tes t imonio d lcere9390
Pro v i ri l i pan e 9003Proavus 351Probabilis 708
Proba re 9004Probrum 1 967
P robus 390Procax 9 005
Proced ere 9006Procel la 9373Proceres 1 997Proce ru s
, 1 86. 1589Proc liV is 9007
Procrast ina t io 853Proenl 1551
Procu ra re 19 16P rocu ra to r 738Procur re re 1 959
Prud ere 990Prod esse 9008P roducere 1960
P rod ige, Prod igia liter9009
Prod ig ialis, Prod igiosus9010
Prod igium 901 1Prod igus 38 1Prod i tor 890Pro ducere 9097Prod uctor 1510Profa r i 90 19
Prefectus 901 6
Profert a 843, 990Proficere 9008
Proficisci 14
Profi ter i 1058
Profligare 9013
Profligatus 1 888
Profluere 634
Pro fugere 9013
Profug ium 3 15
Profugus 966
Profundus 1 85Profusus 38 1
Progen i es 90 15Progred l 9006
Progressus 90 1 6
Proh i bera 964
Pro iicere 13Proind é 901 7
Pro ind é ac, Q uas i 901 8Prolata re 909 1
Prolatio 853
Pro l es 9015Prolixus 1 490
Pro loqui 1 969Pro luvnes, Pro luvium 1 83Promere 990Promerer i 1 634Pmminere 959Promissio, Promissum90 19
Promitte re 1 935
Promp tus 506Pronuncnare 765Pronus 9090
Prowmium 1354
Propagare 909 1Propagatio, Propago 2099Prop atulus 1 853
Pmpé 565Proped iém 393
P rope l l ere 9093Propensio 9 308
Propensus 9007
Propera re 476
Prope rns 506
Pro p h eta 887
Prop inqna re 96
Prop inquitas 148
Prop inquus 147
Pro p it ius 1069
Propr i us 9094Propter 1448Propugnacn lum, Pmpug
0 21 110 9095
P ropugnare 9494Propugna to r 9096P rop u l sare 9093Prorogare 909 7Prorsfis 9098
P rosapi a 1 193Prescriberc 9039
P rosequ i 9099Prosper 1 069Prosp icere 1 904Prosternere 9 01 3Prostratus 9030
.Prosumia 1 701
Protegere 9494
Protendere 19 89Pro tervus 9005Protim
‘
xs 676
Protrud ere,Proturbare
903 1
Proventus 9 107Proverb i um 9039
Providentia 1060
Provid ere 1 988
Provid us 479Provincj a 9 1 12
Provisio 1 979
Provoca re 1 459 ; Q033Provo1are 1 989Provolvere 1 13Provo lutus 9030Pruden s 9034Prudens
, Prudenter 130 1
1035
Pruma 1 1 80Pruna 9036Psa llere 49 -1
Pubes 958Pubescere 9037
Publicanus 9 104
Pu b l ica r ePubl icé 189 1
Pub l icus 9040Puden s
.Pud ibund us 459
Pud et 1 9 18
Pud icus 459
Pudor,Pud ic i t ia 450
Puella 9509
Puellar is , Puer ilis 9041
Puer 1 338Puer ilitas , Pueritia 9049
Pug i l 3 17Pug io 1 1 96Pugna 1 967Pugnator. Pugnax 901 3
Pngnus 1 609
Pu l cher 9044Pulch r itud o 9 98 1
Pu l l us, (subst.) 455Pu l l us , (a ffix) 3 1 7Pulmenta r ium, Pulmentum 9045
Pu l pa , Pulp amentum9046
Pu l p i tum 933 1
Pu l s 9047
XXXIV ALPHABET ICAL TABLE.
Relevare 9 199Rel ig io 9 1 15Re lugmsus 9 1 60Reh nquere 1534
Rellqui 173
Re lnqu im, Re liqua 9 1 16
Rehquus 9 130
Reluctar i 9 1 17
Remanere 1 597Remed i um 1 6 13
Remigat io,Remigium9 l 18Rem igra te 57 1Remmusci 16 19
Remiseio 9 1 14
Remord ere 1 679
RemovereRemug ire 1 676
Bema l en s 1 70 1 , 9 1 1 9Remunera ri 1 684Remus 9 1 1 9Renasc i 9 19 1)Renes 1569Remti 9 1 1 7Renovate 1 377
Renuere 1 6
Renunc iare 809Repagu lum 594
ReparareRepastinatio 1 13 1
Repe l lere 904Repend ere 9 1 93
Repens, Rep entmus 9 1 94Repente 676Repere 9 1 95Reper i re 1406Repetund z 187 1
Rep lere 1 99 1
Repleta s 698Repo rtare 1 0 19
Re pr eh end ere 13 19
Repreh ensio 9 19 6Rep roba re 9 19 7Rep romiSaio 601)Rep ta re 9 195
Re p ud ia re 9 1 97Rep udmm 888
Repugnare 99Rep u lsa , Rep d lsus 9 198Requies 9069
Requ iescere 9 070Require re 10 17
Bxeri 959Res 17 10
Resa lutare 9 176Resc ire 9 198
Reseca re 400Resera t e 1 83 1Resid eo , Res id o 9 199
Re s id uus 9 130
Res i stere 99Respacere 9 18 1
Resp i ra re 9 139Respond ere, Responsane9 135
Responsio,Responsum9 134
Resp uere 9 19 7
Re s ta re 9 1 35Resl ipula l i 9 300
Restls 9 136
Rest ituere 9 103
Restr ictus 1 838
Resu rgere , Resusc i ta re9 190
Retegere 9 139
Retentio 9 137
Retexerc 899
Ret ia 1 996Ret la rius 3 17
Reticere 473
Reticu lum 1996
Retmaculum 9 137
Retinere 830
Retom d us 9098Re trah ere 9 138
Retr ibuere 1 684
Reve la re 9 139Reverer i 9 9Reversio 9 106Revincere 685Revirescere 9500
Revisexe 9487Rev i v i scere 9 190Reum facere
, p eragere
9 140
Revoca re 9 1 38Revula re 344Revo lvere 833Reu s 9 141Reu s vot i 599Rex 9 149
RhedaRhetor 1 804Ri c t u s 9 144Rid ere 9 143Rid iculus 1417
n a re 998Rigere 6 1 8
n ld us 350
R i go r 99 1Rnna 9 144
l a r i 1329R i pa 1546Rxsum capta re, facere,movere 9 146
Rimm comp esccreflenexe9 145
li ne 2099R i tu s 404Ruva lita s 1 95Rixa G78Rob u r 9 064Robustus 1458Rod ere 445Rogare 1 809Rega t ta , Rogatum, Rega
tu s 9 147Rogus 9053Ro ra lis 9 148
Rora re 9 149Roma : 9 150
Roratus , Roscid us 9 148Rostrum , Rostra 9 151Rota 50 1Rota t e, Rotundare 9 159
Rotu nd u s 9 153Rube r, Rubicund us 9 154Rub igo 133
Rubus 9 15Ructare 9 155
Rude dona re 947Rudens 9 136Rud imentnm 9398
Rud ls 1 965
Rud us 9 156
Ruere 39 8 , 741Rama 1899
Rumor 1049K umpet e 1 1 34Rup es 9 157
Ruricola 1 6 1
Rurn‘
lm, Rursfis 1 496
Rus 153
Rusticat io , Rusticatus,Rusticitas 9 158
Rustncus, Rustrcanus 9 159
Rutl la re 1 156
SABURRA 969
Saccus 795Sace l l um 477
Sacer 9 1 60Sacerdos 1 941Sacram en tum 1445
Sac rar ium 477
Sacratus 9 160
b acn fer,Sacn cola 9 169
Sacr ifica lis, Sacr ificus
9 16 1
Sacrnficare 151 9
Sacraficium 9 163
Sacn legus 1 9 89
Sacrosanctm 9 160
Sacrum 9 163
Saecu l um 136
Sz pe 9 164
Seep l ssimé 9 1 65v i re 9 166Saevus 363Sagax 63
Sngma 7 1
Sag i t ta 9368
Saguttan us , Sagittifer 9 1 67
Sagum 9400
Sa lSa larms
,Sal itor 9 1 68
Sa lebro sus 9 96
Sa l i na, Sa l inum 9 1 69
Sa l i re,Sa l ta re 9 1 70
8 3 13 113 9 17 1
Sah ad o 9 1 79
Sa ltusS a lvare 9 99 9Salubr l s 9 174
Sa1ubr itas 9 1 75
Sa lve 333Sa lvere 9 176Sa lum 1 603
Sa l us 9 1 75Saluta re 9 176Sa lutar ls 9 1 74
Sa lutato r 30 1
Sa lvus 1314Sana re 1 6 1 9Sanad o 9 1 75
Sanc i re 9 177Sanctumonia , Sanct i tas9 178
Sanctus 9 160Sané 484Sanguinar ius, Sanguineus9 1 79
Sangu inol enta s 9 1 79Sangu i s 7 15Sames 1563Sanitas 9 1 75
Saan s 1 314Sapere 1518Sap lens 9034
Sarc ina 1 984
Sa rcire 1 377
Sa r i ssa 9368Sat, Sa t is, Sat i s superque1 43
Satagere 9 1 80
Sa te l l es 9 18 1Sa t ia re 9 189Satietas 9 183
Satio 9 1 84
Sa t is accip ere 9 1 86Sat isd are,Satisfacere 9 1 85
Satisd atio, Sat isd atum470
Satish abere 9 1 86
Satn‘
xs 1 954
Sa t u ra re 9 189Saturi tas 9 1 83
Sauciare 1466
Saxens, Saxosus 9 1 87Saxum 1478
Scabel lum 9 189
Scaber. Scabiosus 9 188
Sca lpere 403
Scamuum 9 1 89
Scapha 1701Scatebra 1 1 90
Sca tere , Scatu ri re 9 1 90Scaurus 9441
Scelera re 9 19 1Scele ratus, Scelerosus,Scelestus 9 199
Scelus 1 046
Scena 9 1 93Sceualis , Scenicus 9 194
Scept rum 1548
Schol a 59 1Sch olar is
,Scholast icus
9 195» Scien s 91 96
ALPHAB ET ICAL TABLE. XXXV
Sciens,Sciente r fec i 9035
Scientna 9 85
Scnhcet 9485
Scmdere 1 090
Sc in t i l l a 497Sc in t i l l are 9 197Scip io 357Scnre 4 1 6, 9 1 98
Sciscere 9 1 77
Sciscxtar i, Sc ita r i 1 885Scitulus 9 196
Scopu lus 9 157
Sed ha 159 8
Scr ibere 595
Scr in ium 9 63
Scrip t lo, Sc ri p tum 9 199
Scr ip t itare 595Scrip tor 393Scr ip tu re. 9 199, 9900S crobs 1 1 30
Scrupeus, Scrupulosus
9 90 1
Scrupus 9359
Scrutat i 1 399Sculpere 403
Scut ica 9470
Scu tum 598
Scyph u s 493, 9909Sebum 7 1
Seca re 401Secernere 859Secessio 860
Secessus 9 903
Seclusus 9 904Secretb 519Secretum 9 903
Sec reta s 9904Sebta 1 994
Sectari 9905Sect i o 9 906Sector 9056Secunda te 1061Sec u ndar ia s 9 907Secund l
‘
lm 1 448
Secu ndus, Secundanus
9 907
Securis 9 908
Securus 9435
Secu tor 3 17Sedare 1509
Sedes 900Sed fle 9 1 89
Sed ntio 1 047
Sed itiosus 9909
Sed ucere 99 10, 99 1 1
Sed ulus 741)
Seges 99 1 9
Segmentum 1 1 33
Segnitia, Segnities 893
Segregare 99 1 3Seiunctus 9904Sej ungere 9 9 13Se l igere 809Sena 9 1 89
Semen, Sementis 9 9 14c 2
Semian imis 9 9 15Semibomo , Semivir 99 1 6Sem ina re 99 96Semma r ium 9 9 14
Semmgx , Semivivus 99 15Semita 1494
Semovere 99 1 3Semper 9533Semp itemus 1 49
Senatorea 1 861
Sena tus 569Senatus auctori tas, consa l tum 771
Senecta , Senectus 99 17
Senes 9 9 1 8Senescere 1408
Sen ium 9 9 1 7
Sensim 99 1 9
Sensum, S ensus 99 90
Sentent ia 659
Sentent lam d icere, ferre,p ronuntiare 9 99 1
Sen tes 9 15Sen t ina 1079
Sentl re 478
Seo rsfim 9 999
Sepa rat e 884
Sep aratim 9 999
Sepelire 1 959
Sep ire 9449
Seponere 9 9 13
Sep tenarius, Septenus9 994
Sep t ics , Septimfim 9993
Sept iimu s 9994Sep ulch rum 1 668
Sepu l tu ra 987Sequi 9 905
594
Serenare 9995Serere 9 9 96Ser ies 869Sermo 1 803Sermoc inari 9997Sero 2998
Serpens 9 1 4Serpere 9 1 95Sertum 695
Servare 9 99 9Servator 9 930Servilis 9 93 1Serv i re 9 933Servitia , Serv i t ium 435
Servitus, Servitud o 435Se ru s 99 39Servum esse 2933Servu s 1052Serv u s awarm
,ad ma
num 99 34
Servus i ped ibus, ad p edes 9 935Sesqu ipeda l ia verba 2 10
Sestert i um, Sestert i u s9 936
Seta. 9 937
xxxvi
Sever itas 99 1Seve rus 351Sevocare 9 9 10S lbila re 9 933
$ 10 8 1 196
S lca r ius 1 887
S ic cu s 976, 9 939S zen t 9063, 946 1S ld us 3 13
S lg i l lat im, Smgi1latim9954
S igillatus 994 1
S lgi llum 9 944
Signa re 9 940
S igna tus 9 941
S ignifica re 9949
S igmfica tio 9 943
S ignum 9 944, 9 945, 9946Si lent lum 9947
S i lere 473Sd ex 1478
Suva 9 1 73S i lvestn s , S l lvosus 9 948S imi l i s 1998 101 1 115 a l ien i , ahcuj us9 949
S iml liter 19 8
S imp licntas 9 950S imu l 9951S imulach ra 951
S imulacb rum 9 959
Sunula re 9 953
S imultas 1 781)
S incera s 1 31 8S inere 30 3
S ingular iter , Singulatim9954
S ingu ll 9 955
Singulls d lebus 9 079
S i ngu ltu s 9956S inister 1469S i n i st ré . Smistrorsfim9957
Sinuosus 9404
S inus 9958
S lt ire a l iqu id 99598 11 1113 , S i te l la 9 960S ivé , Sen 4119Smaragd us 1 189Soboles 9 1315So brmus 653Sobr ius 9939
Soccu s 9963Soce t 9511950 0 13 113, Sociabilis 9965Soc ieta s 9964Soc i us 563, 9965Socordm 893Sod a h s 563
Sod a liumfi oda litium 9964$0 1 9 966
So la r i 655So la t ium , Solamen 656So lea 7119So lemnis 997
ALPHABET ICAL TABLE.
So lere 9967 Sp ica 9 78
So lers 63 Sp icu l um 9368
So lid u s 659 Spma , Spinus 9 988So l id us ( 118 5 1 383 Sp inel h , Spmosus 2989
So ll ta r lu s‘
, So l lvagus 9 963 8mm 50 1
So li tudu 9 903 Sp imbxli: 9 990
Sul l tus 9540 Sp l ra re 1 099
Sohum 9 969 Sp iritus 99 9So llncntare 99 70 Sp issu: 701
So lhmtud o 1 9 1 Sp lendere 1 156
So llncxtus 1364 Spoll a re 8 1 1
Solmcnsmus 369 Spo lmm 1 60 1
8 0 18 1 11 1 11 111 395 Spond ere 1935
So lvere 9 9 7 1 Sponsio 9 99 1
80 161 01 9 16 Sponsor 9449So l um 1 955 S ponsus 644
801115 9 979 Spontanens 9595
Somniculusus, Somn iosu s Sponte 95159 973 Sp urcus 1 979
Somn ium, Somnus 9 97-1 Squa lor 9 969
Sonab l lns 9 9 75 Sta bilis 659
sonitus, Bauer 99 76 Stabu lum 1 978
sonor ua 9 9 75 S tad i um 749
sons 9 140 S tagnum 1465
Soa ns 9 976 S tamen 99 99
Sop l tus 99 73 S ta t 153780 por 9 97-1 Statar ius
,Stativus
Sorbe te 1 9 95 9 993
Soro'es 9969 S ta tera 1597
Sard id 'atns, Sord id us 9977 S ta t im 675
Sons 1 1 9 8 , 9278 Static 9994, 9 295
Sortes 9 9 78 Sta tor 9996Sort i legus 9 77 S ta tua 9 951
Sortir i 9 979 Statuere 763
Sor titio 9 978 Sta tura 9 997
Sospes 13 14 S ta tus 695, 9 997So ter 9 930 S te l la 3 13
Spargere 9 996 S tercus 9998Spams 9368 S teri l is 9999Spat la r i 197 S ternere 9 01 3
Spat losus 1 490 Stentere 904»
Spa t ium S77 S t i l la 1 9 1 6
Speciat im 9 980 Su lla re 9 149
S pecies 9 9 8 1 Stimulare 6 1
Speclmen 9 945 S timu lus 408Speciocus 904-1 S t ipare 567S pectab i les 1 890 Stipator 9 1 8 1
Spectabulis 9 984 Stlpend ian us 941 7
Spectaculum 99 89 St lpend ium 1 88 1
Spectare 99 83 S t i pes 1 899Spectat 938 9 S t ipu la 796
Specta tio 9 289 S t ipula ri 9300
Spectativus , Spectatu s S t ipu la t io 1 8 19
9 9 84'
Sur ia 1 9 16Spect rum 9517 St irps 1 195, 9084Specu la 99 85 S t h e 957
Specu lari 99 83 Sto la 9409Specu la tor 10 18 Sto lid us 364
Specu lum, Specular ium S tomach an 930 1
9 985 Stomach osus 9302Specus, Spelaeum, Spe S trabo 533
lunca 46 1 S trages 51 1Sperare 99 86 S tragulnm 1896
Spernere 896 S tramen’
,S tramcntum
Spe s 9987 2303
Strangu1are 942
St ratum 1 499
Strenuus 1 1 87
St repere 1 137St repi tu s 7 10S tr icté , Str ictim 2304
St rid ere 1 137Smd o r 7 10Str ingere 2305Strue re 1 1 8
Straes 50Stud ere 2306
Stad ere ah cui rel , a l iqu id2307
Stud iosu s 740Stad ium 1 788, 2308
Stultus, 364
Stupere 1 650
Stup id itas, Stu por 2309S tup ld us 364
Stu p rum I IO‘
Styl u s 838Suadere 1 246Suasor 324
Suavia 207
Suavis 388Su b 2320Subdere 23 14
Subd olus 434
S ubd ub lta re 70
Subd ucere 231 2
Subesse 23 13
Subjectio 778
Subigere 895
Subj icere 23 14
Sub ind é 23 15
Subire 23 16Sub itb 676
Subitus 2 124
Sublevare 1515
Subliga re
Sublimis 1 86Subnectere 231 7
Subo rna re 221 1Subr id ere 2 1 43
Snbr ipere 337
Subroga re 23 19
Subr uel e 1 760
Subscribere causz , cau
sam 23 10
Subscr i p tor 23 1 1Subse lliurn 2 1 89
Subsid eo , Subs id o 23 18
Subs id i um 354Subso r t ir i 2279
‘ S nbst ituere 23 19
Substruere 3 12
Suhtemeu 2292
Subter 2320
Subtefl'
ugere 338
Subt i l is 63Subtrah ere 23 12
Subu cu l a 2429S nbveuire 352
Subvertere 1 908
ALPHABET ICAL TABLE .
Subvolare 1 9 1 1
Suburbanum,Subu rb ium
2321
Succedere 23 16Succend ere 23
Succensere 230 1
Snccess io , Successus 2323
Succes so r 2322Succ i dereS ucc ingere 32Succur rere 352
Succu s 1539Sudare 2324Sud es 1 829S udor 125iSuere 2325
Suescere 2267
Sufli cene 2326
Sufl'
oca re 931-2
Sufi‘
ragat io , Sufi‘
ragium2327
Sufi'
ragia ebland lta , enucleata 2328
Sufi'
ragia , Sufi’
ragiumferre 2329
Sufi'
rago 2330
Sugere 1470
Suggerere 1647
Sugges tum 233 1
Sumere 428Sumere s 1bi 2332
Summatim, Summfim2334
Summissus 1 2Summus 234-3Sump tuar
'
ms,Sump tucsus
2337
Sump tum exercere, j usu
were 2336
Sump tus 2335Supe l l ex 2382Su per 2342S upe r caenam 1 388
Su pera re 1023S u p erbus 28-1Superc i l ium 1828
SupereSae 2 135
Superfluere 2338
Super ior 1 998Supern a s, Supe rus 2340Superstitio 2 1 15
Supervacaneus , Supervacuu s 2339
Sup ir ms 2020Sup p ed l ta re 1 647
Suppetere 2326
Suppe tiw 354;Su pp lementum 592
Supp lex 12
Sup p lica re 1 802
Sup p ficafio 234 1
Supp licium 7 15
Supph cium sumere 2333Supp lod ere 868
S up ponete 231 9
Supra 229 , 2342Sup r emus 2343Sum 2393
Su rcu l us 2086Surdus , Surd aster 2344Su rgere 2345Sus 2346Suscipere 2097
Susc itare 1007
Susp ectus 2347
S uspendere 24 1
Susp lcax , Susp iciosus
2347
Susp icere 2 13 1
Susp icio 2348
Sus pmum 2256
Sustentare , Sustinere 1 155
Susu rra re 1 688Susurrus 7 10Sut lh s, Sutor ius 2349Suus 2024
Syngrap h a 49 1
Syno nyms. 2350
Syrt is 2351
TABELLARIUS 1 749
Tabe rna, 238, 1 943
Tabemaculum 2380
Tabes , Tabum 1568
Tabescere 1 098
Tabu l a 2352, 2353Tabulze 100
Tabu l a r iu m 2353
Tabulatio , Tabulatum2354
Tacere 473Tacitb 512
Tacituruitas 2247
Tacitumus, Tacitu s 2355
Tact ic, Tactu s 238 1Taeda 1065Taad et 1 9 1 8
Tacua ra s 5 1Ta n i a 1056
Ta lar is, T alarius 2356
Ta lent um,Ta lentummagnum 2357
Talus 2358 , 2359
Tamen 1722
TametsiTandem 808
Tangere 2360Tangi t 2382Tanquém 206 1
Tantidem, Tantisper 2361
Tant i llus , Tantulus 2362
Tanu‘
xm non , Tantfxmqubd 1730
Tapes , Tapetum 1 896
Ta rd are 1 669Tardé 2228Tard ltas 732
Tardus 2232
x xxviii
Ta r tarus 134 1T ama s 2363
Tec tor i um 2366
Tectum 9 00
Tegere 2364Tegu l a 2365Teg umentu m 2366
Te l a 2367Te l l us 1 255Telam 2368
T emerare 2 19 1Temera rms 329Temere 2369Temeritas 2370
Temetum 1 637
Temnene 826
Temo 1213Temperamentum 237 1
Temperam 20
Temperantia 237 1Temperare 1658Temperatio, Te
'
mp er ies2372
Temperatus 20Tempestas 2373, 2374Tempestivitas 2374Tempest iva s 1 6 10Temp lum 1 16
Tempus 136Temulentus 2497Tenacitas , Tenor 2375T enax 1838
Tendere manus 752Teneb rze 4 15
Tenebrosus, Tenebnoosus' 2383
Tenet 1663
Tencre 1947
Tentamentum, Tentatio2376
o Tenta ré 1 0 1 1
Tento r lum 2377
Tenuare 1648
Tennis 994
Tenus 2532Tep id us 2378
Te r, T ert lb, T er tifim2379
Terebra re 1 1 2 1Te rere 409Tere s 2153Te rgere 2380Te rgum , T ergus 2384
Te rmes 2086Te rm inare 1093T e rminus 1094
Tamus 2385Ter ra 1255
Terrenus. Terrestris, Terreus 2386
Terr i tor i um 1 163
Te rror 24 l 6Tefl ius 2385
Teasers 2359
Test: 2387
ALPHABET ICA L TABLE .
Ta tar i , Testificar i 2388 Trah ere 2408
Testifica tlo , Testimomum Trah r 9 12
2389 Traj ectio , T raj ectus 2412Tes t imon ium d are
, d xcere T ra l icere 24 1 1
2390 Trames 2426Tes tis 648 Tranqu i l la re 2225Tes tudo 1 1 27, 2496 Tranquillitas 1 869
Teter 363 Tnanqu illu s 207 1
Teucria 1 894 Transcn bere 8 18
Texere 239 1 Transenna 2409Tha l amus 1 49 9 T ransfer re 24 14
Theat rum 2 193 T rancfuga 24 10
Theca 2392 T ransgred i 24 1 1Theusac 443 Trans i gere 763Thermae 360 Transnre 241 1
Th esaurm 1 1 79 Trans it io , Trans i tus 2412Thorax 1560 Transmittere 241 3
T ia ra 495 Transtra 1 1 23
T ib ia 2393, 2394 Transvcbere 2414Tignum 2395 Transve rs u s 24 15T imens , T imid us 2397 Tremere 1 640Timere 1 640 Trep idatio 241 6T im'd itas. Tunor 2396 Tn bua rius, Tr ibulis 2419T ingere 559 Tr ibuere 603
T rro 1 735 Tr ibu na l 2269Ti roc i n ium 2398 Tu bus 520Ti tan 2266 Tn buta r ius 241 7
Ti tanes 1 1 95 Tr ibutum 241 8
Ti t i l lare 1 826 Tr ic l in i um 539
Ti tuba re 523 Tr inus, Tr ipa rt itus, Tr iTitu lus 2399 p lex 2385
Toga 2400 Tr ipud iare 21 70Toga cand id a
, p ura 240 1 Tr i stis 1 660Toga p u l l a , sord ida 2402 Tr i st ia 12 1Toga v i r i l i s , p re tex ta240 1 Tr iticum 4 1 4-8Togatus 2403 Tr i v ium 59 1
Tolerantia ,Tolerat10 1 858 Tr iumph are 9420To l era te 1 856 T riumph us 242 1To l le re 93 1 Troja 1 894Tondere 2 1 1 T roph zz um 2421
Tonitru 1 158 Truc idare 1 776Tongan 2 1 19 Truculeutus 363
Tepograp h ia 492 Trad ere 2422Tormen tum 7 15 Tru l l a 493Tornare 2152 Truncus 743Torpedo, Torpor 1 476 T ru t i na 1527Torpere, To r pescere 1475 Trux 363
To rquere 2404 Tuba 1547Torques 19 15 Tube r 2426Torren s 1 109 Tuer i 2423 , 2424To rrcre 69 1 Tugu rium 446
To rt ilis 2405 f m 79 1
To rtor 442 Tumere, Tumescere 2425Tortus,
‘1‘
or tuosus 2405 Tumor 2426Torus 1499 Tumu la re 1252
Toms 1 793 Tumultuarius, TumultuTrabea 2400 osus 2209
T rabs 2395 Tumu l tus 374, 2431Tractab ilis 892 Tumu lus 551 , 1 668Tracte ra 2360 Tune 2427
Traclatio, Tracta tus 2406 Tund ere 2428
Tractus 2 1 12 Tun ica 2429Trad ere 751 Tun ica c l avata, rectaTrad ucere 2413 2430
Trag i cus, Tragwdus 2407 Turba 2431 , 2432
Tu rba re 636Turb lde 2433
Turb ld us, Turbulentus
220 9
Tu rbo 2530a bulenté, Turbu l ente r2433
Tu rgere, Turgescere 2425
Turma 1504Torpe re 778Turp ificatus 2434
ALPHABET ICAL TABLE.
V aticiuatio, V at icinium1 96 1
Uber 1067Ubuque, Ubicunque 2453
Ubiubl, Ub lvis 2453
Ud as 1 253V ecom 1 99
V ect lga l 24 18
V ectiga lis 24 17
V ectio , V ectura 2455Vector 2454
Turp is, Turp icu1us 2434 V egetus 2440
Turp itud o 787, 176 1
Tata ri 2424Tute l a 527Tutor 739Tu tus 2435Tyrannus 2141
V. U.
V ACARB 439
Vacat io, V acuitas 2436
Vacca 2437V acnllare 523
V acuus 1 305
Vada ri 2439V ad ere 1420
Vad imon ium d eserere2438
Vad imon ium missum fa
cer e 2438Vad nmonium ob i re , facere2439
Vadum 2351
Vafer 4 17Vaga r i 1 822Vag ina 2392
Vag i tu s 940Vagus 966V a le 333Va l ens
, V a 1id us 2440
Va l ere 1 946
V a letud o 2 174
Va lgus 244 1Va l lare 2442V a l l i s 2443Va l l us , Va l lum 2444V a lvae 1 945V anum 2445Vanns 284Vapor 2446Vappa 2447
Va ria re 1 689
V ar iatio , V ar iet zs 2448V ar ius 8 8 1
um 2450
V eh emens 2499V eh ens 2454
V eh ere 1 070
Veh icu l um 2455Ve l , V e 2456
V elab rum 158 1
V elamen , Ve lamentum2460
Ve la re 2457V e l le 734Ve l l ere 2458Ve l l icare 445Velocitas 1 900
Ve lox 506Ve l um 2459 , 2460
Va l u t 246 1Vena 287V ena lis 2462
V ena litius 1598
V ena r i 327
V end ere , V end ita re 322V end ibi ll s 2462
V eneficiu‘
m 2464
V eneficus,Veqenatus 2463
Venenum 246-1
V enerab rh s, V enerabun
d us 2465
V enera r i 92
Verna 2466V cnzre 2457, 2468
Ven ter 2469V entitare 2467
Ven t r icu l us 2469Venum i re 2468V e
'
nund a re 322
V entus 345Venustas 228 1V enusms 2044
V ep res 9 15
V erax, V er id icus 2477
V erber 2470
Verbera re 1 263Verbero 2447V erbo sus 1555
Verbum 247 1
V ere 2472
V erecund us 452
V erer i 1 640
Vergere 37V en similis 708V r rna 1052
Vernare 2500V ernaculus 2473
XXXIXVerb , V e rfim 2472V errere 2380
Versare 2475
V ersuri so lvcre 2474.
Versa ram facere 2474Versus, Versicu lus 441V ersfis 1 05
V ersutus 41 7
Vertere 2475
Vertere so l um,Vertere
terga 1 040
Vertex 438Veru , V emtum 2476
Verus 2477V esanus
V esci 1 848
V estlbulum 3 1 8
V eatigare 1 322
Ves t igium 2243
V est l re 1330
V estimentum,V estis, Ves
t l tus 200
V etare 2478
V eteranns 2479
V eterator 4 1 7
V eteres 221 8
V etemus 1476
Ve tus,V etustus 1 999
Vexare 2480
V exl llum 2246
V ia 1 424Viam facere
,Viam mu
nire 2427V n t icus , V iar ius, V ia to
248 1
V l a tor 2296
V l 'n‘
a xe 1 60
V l canus 2 159
Vicar'ius 2322V icina l:s . V lcinus 674
Vicinia ,V icmi tas 2482
V IC IS, V icissitud o 2483
V icicsim 2484
V ictima 1 250
V ictus 2508V lcns 1 820
V uleh cet 2485
V ld ere 2486, 2487
V ld ua re 1 805
V ietus 248 8
V igens 2440n ene
,V igescere 2489
V lg i l 2375“
V lg nlant la 2490
V 1g i |a re 249 1
V ig l h a 2294
V l lis‘ 2540
V i l la 1 247
V l lh cue 16 1
Val l u s 2237V inar ius 2497
V incere 1 022
Vmcire 1533
Vmculum 454
d icare 2492, 2493
V ind icat io ,V ind icta , V in
d icize 2494
V inea , V inetum 2495
V ineaa 2496
V inolentia 924
V innlemus, V l nosus 2497
V inum 1 637
V inum evanesccnsN inumfug iens 2498
Vio lare 1 784
V iolentus 2499
Vi pera 2 14V i r 1 236Virene, V irescere 2500
V i rg il 2470V irg ina l is , V irgineus 250 1V l rgo 2502
V irgu l tum 260
V iridari 2500V iriliter , V 1 ritim 2508
V irtus 2504Virus 2464V is, Vires 2505V iscera 2506
V isere, Visitare 2487V 1suo, Visus , V
'
nsum 2507
V ita 2508
V i ta l is 2512Vi tam degere 251 1V itare 1 153
V i tiare 700
V iticula 249 5
V itio dare 7 13V itiosntas, V itmm 2509
V i t is 2495V itr icus 2510
V l tta 1 056
V l tupe ra re 7 12
V itupcrat l o, V i tuper ium2 125
V ivax 2512V ivere 251 1V ivus. V ividus 2512V ix, V ixd ixm 2513
U lcisci 2493
U l cus 1925
ALPHABET I CAL TABLE.
Z ONA 488
2514
U l t imus 1 029l
'
ltr‘
o 2515
l'
ltroneus 2525
L'
lva 167
l'
lu latus 940
Umbo 529Umbra , Umbracu l um2516
Umbra 251 7
L'
mb ratnlx: ,Umbrosus 1 795Unit 2248Unanimitas 6 1 7Unctus 799
Uncus 251 8
Unda 249
L'
nd xque, Und ecumqué251 9
Ungere 2520Unguentum 2521
Unguis , Ungu l a 2522Un io 1 182
Un i versa l i s 1 185Universé 1 1 86Un iversi 2255Universus 1793
Unus, UnicusV ocabulum 1 729
V ocare 2523V oc iferan 513
V o l are '
741 , 2524
V olens 2525Vulntare 2524
V olucr is 2526
V ol vere 2527V o l umen 1520
V uluntarzus 2525
V oluptar ius 800
Volu pta s 80 1Vo l uta t e 2527
V ome r 256V onne re 2528
Vorago 1 2 1 -11
Vorare 2529
V orax 927
Vortex 2530
V ota facere,nuncupa re,
suscipere 253 1V overe 836
V ox 247 1
Up i lio 1 851
Urbané 780
Urbanus 566Urbs 510Urceus 205Urere 28
Urgere 1376Urn a 2260Usqué 2532, 2533
Usucap ere 2536
Usucap io 2534
Usu ry 1 1 1 6
Usu rpa re 2535, 2535Us us 663Usus- fructu s 2534Uter 725Uterqué 385
Ute rus 2537U t i 2538Ut i l i s 58 1Ut ill tas 580
[TtpOl é 2075 I
Utrmqué , Utroqué, Utrob lqué 2539
Uv a 2082Uwid us 1253
V u lga re 2 138Vu lgar i s 2540V u igar l ter , V ulgb 2541
Vu lgus 1 944V u lnera re 1 466Vu lnu s 1 925V ultus 1 044
V u lva 2535Uxor 1 1 13Uxorem d ucere 1 739
fi guratively : Puncta argumentorum plerumque occulenda sunt.
C ic.~— OOCULTARE, (f requentat ive of occulere ) to h id e with grea t
cane . Marius senil e co rpus palud ibus occultavit demersum. Cic.
Figuratively Tenuitas h uj us ec‘
) magis elucet , cum mag is occultatur . Cic. A man in f ear se in remotiorem et tutxorem eed ium partem abdit ; the husbandman condi t fruges et f
'
r uctus in h or rea ; a
ga rdener , bef oref rosty weath er, covers h is a rtichokeswith dung , occulit
cinaras, me frigore lzedantur ; a miser occul tat nummos. G . D .
5. Abi
dicare. Erhce reda r e.
ABD ICARE filium, (di care ab ) to depr ive a son of a ll h is r igh ts as ason, to disown h im. Mavult pater fil ium corrigera, quém abdi care .Quint.— EXHE REDARE filium, is only to di sinh eri t h im. Th emistocles is patre exh ze red atus. C . Nep . A son abdicatus , is th ereby ex
h aeredatus ; but a son exh zered atus, is not a lways abd icatus . Abdicare is used in a more general sense. Tutelir, magistratu, libe rtate seabdicare . Cic. Abd icat e magistratum. Sal]. To abdicate, to res ignan ofiice.
6 . Abdicere. A lj ud icare.
ABD ICERE, (dicere ab ) to rej ect, to disapprove : pa rticula rlyusedin speaking of augural matters . Cum tres partes aves abdixissent.C ic. Abd icentibus avibus . Aur . Vict . Under bad omens.— ABJUD ICARE, (j udj care ab ) to take away bya verdict or j udgement. Id
31) co contra jus zequitatemque abj ud icavit. Cic. It i s a lso usedforto rej ect. Ub i plus mal i quém b oni reper io , i d totum abjud ico . Cic.
7. Abducere. fl bigere.
ABDUCERE, (ducere ab ) to lead away , sp ea k ing of mew— AB IG ERE , to drive away,
'
speaking of beasts . Familiam abd ux it, p eensabegit. Cic . W2 however read in Q Curtius Abduci j umenta j ussit.Figuratively : Abduce t e mentis aciem a consuetudine oculorum.
C ic. To ra ise one’s mind beyond the reach of human senses . Ab igerecuras . Hor .
8 . Abducere. Deducere.
ABDUCERE, consid er ed as synonymous with deducet e , d ifi'
ers fi omit in th is, that deducet e is to lead downwa rds, tomake one come down.
Carminavel caelo possunt d educere lumum. Virg . And abducet e is tolead awayf roma place . Abd ux it inde multamillia captivorum. Trog .
—DEDUCERE is often an efl'
ect of rega rd and resp ect . Frequentesquecum d omum d eduxerunt. Cic. Figuratively De animi lenitate aliquem d educet e . Cic.
9 . Abeder e. Adedere. Exedere.
ABEDERE, edere ab ) to eat , to n ibble, to browse . Ex o rta vis Iocustarum ab e rat quidquid h erbidum aut frondosum. Tau -
TADEB EBE, (edere ad ) to devour , to eat up . Nam se pe favos ignotusaded it stelli o . Virg. For oflen the liz ard hid es itsel/with in the h on eycombs , and devours them. Figuratively : Pecuniéi ad esé . Cic. Ades iI
qupndes
F
Ho r .— Exenene , to consume. Tib i omne est exedendum.
er . igurativel Pila exesa rub i ine. Vir JEgr itud ines exed unt h omines. 0i Si aedes exesze
gcorruerin
gt. Id .
3
IO. Aberrare. Qeer r are. Ober rare.
ABERRARE, ( errare ab ) to lose one’
s way; DEERRARE, to wanderout of one
’
s way. Aberrare 5via. Ph aed . Vir gregis ipse cap er deerrave rat. Virg. Figuratively Ab errare a p rop osito . Cic. e
errabat sors ad parum idoneos. Tac. The chance fell on those whowere ver little wor thy of it. —OBERRARE, ( e rrare ob ) to wanderabout. berrabant tentorus. Tac. Figuratively Et citharazdus ri
deter ch ordaqui semp e r ob errat eadem. H er .
1 1 . Abesse. Distare.
ABES SE is more generally sa id of th in
g;capable of:going away and
coming near aga in ; wh ereas D I STARE rom d ivers1m stare ) is sa idof th ings immoveable, or cons idered as such . ABES SE imp lies only a
fixed po int f rom wh ich we are away ; D I STARE supp oses two f ixedpoints. Abesse a domo paulisper maluit. Cic. In th is case distarewould be improper. Abesse ismore properly sa id of persons. Absentem qui rod it amicum. H or . Distantem would bewrong . Foro nimium distare carinas j am grandis natu quer itur . H or . It would notbe so proper to use ab esse in thef oregoing sentence. lVe howeverfi ndin Cicero Cum patris domus aforo longé abesset.The same d ifl
'
er ence is to be mad e in afigurative sense Ferenda fortuna quae absit aculpa. Cic. H ominumvita plurimfimd istat aviotacultuque bestiarum. Id .
1 2. Abj ectus. Demissus. Summissas. Humil is . Supplez‘.
ABJEC'
I‘
US , (j acere ab ) cast away , thrown down. Tum sup e r ah
j ectum p osito p ede nixus. Virg. Figuratively Vir abj ecto an imo.
Cic.— DEMI SSUS , (mittere d e ) bent down, let down. Purpura d e~
missa usque ad tal os. Cic. Demisso cap ite d iscessit. Id . Figuratively Demissuman imum erigere . Cic.
— SUMMI SSUS, (missus sub )let down under . Summissas infantibus p rmbuisse mammas. Liv.Figurat ively Opor tet a quo et pari jure cum civibusvivere, nequesummissum et abj ectum, neque se efi
‘
erentem. Cic.— HUMIL I S (from
h umus ) creep ing or g rowing a long the ground. Humilesque myr icaa.Virg. Vitis et ea quae sunt h umiliora . Cic. Figuratively : Nih ilabj ectum et h umile cogitare . Cip. Humili arte praed itus . Id .
- SUP
PLEX , (plicare sub ) humbly entreat ing ,that desires any th
or p rostrate. Quibus seepe supplex ad p edes j acui ,vemamque sup
pli
es: poposci. Cic. Figuratively -Verb is supplicibus orare . Cic.
ox suppiex . Liv.
1 3 . Abj zcere. Prqj icer e. Deponer e.
ABJICERE, (j acere ab ) genera lly denotes passion, or contempt. Emuro se in mare abj ecit, lecto Platonis libro . Cic. fi guratively :Cum spevincend i simul abj ecisti cer tand i cupiditatem. Cic.
— PRO
JICERE, (p orro j acere ) to th rowafar of ; to throw about. Proj icete lamanu. Virg. Cadavera p roj ecta jacent. Id . Figuratively Pro
j icit ampullas. H or .— DEPONERE, (p onere de ) to la or put down in
an easy way. Corp ora sub ramis d eponunt arboris tee . Virg. Ah
j iciunt would not do sowell . Figuratively Id quod semel mih i fideimpositum est , aut p rop te r perfid iam abj icere, aut p ropter imbecilh tatem an imi d eponere. Cic.
1 4. Abire. Discedere . Decedere. Er ceder e. Praficisci. Facessere.
AB I RE, (ire ab ) to go away . I idem abeunt , qui vene rant. Cic.
D i scenean, DECEDERE, Excnneun, to reti re ; but decede re , (ccdere de ) is to retire in order to make room j b r another ; excedere,(ced ere ex ) not only tomake room, but to leave thep lace entirely ; d icedere , d iversim cedere ) to leave a p lace in order to go to some otherp lace. 0 d ie Capuadiscessi, etmans i Calibus. Liv. Factoque senatusconsulto , ut excederent Volsci . Liv. Multi obviam p rod ierunt de p rovincia deced ent i . Cic. Figuratively A fid e di scedere ,Cic. De
'
ure suo decedere . Id . Excessit res ad pub licam que rimoniam. iv. Tha t abuse had grown so great , that they were obl igedgo compla in to the senate . S ic te ex istimare velim, cum 5vob is sej ufl
'
s' mete auto r ibus d iscesserim, neminem esse , &c. Cic. It would
not be improper to say Non modo p rovincia sib i d eced end um cen
suit, sed etiam exced endum ; itaque paucos p ost di es Romam discessit. G. D.
— PRo r 1c 1 scr, to set of f or a j ourney . Ad olescentulus
mi les ad Capuam p r ofectus sum. Cic. Figurat ively A quibus libertatis initium p rofectum est . Cic.
— FACES S ERE, (frequentative offace re ) to do quickly . Jussa facessunt . Virg. Very Wen i t is
,used
in the sense of to get away , to get gone, and then it implies contempt.Facesse h inc. Liv. Facessant igitur qui n ih il docere possunt. Cic.
15. Abj urar e. Ej urare.
ABJURARE, ( jurare ab ) to deny upon oath the having or owing a
th ing wh ich is asked. Abj urare certius est quam dep endere . Cic.
Ab’
uravit cred itum. Sall. Abstractae b oves, abj urateeque rap inee,omio osteliduntur . Virg. The oxen dragged away . and the’ theft den ied upon oath , are shown in the l ight Qf day.
-EJURARE, to protestor swear aga inst ; to ref use . Bonam cop iam ej urare. Cic. to protestup on oath that one is not able to pay. Jud icem ej urare. Id . to refusea j udge. Ej urare militiam. Plaut. to quit the military service.
16. Abnuer e. Renuere. Recusare. Nega re. Abnegare. Pernegare.
Denegare.
ABNUERE, (f rom nutus ) to deny one’
s assent bycountenance or gesture. Vos imperium auspiciumque abnuistis . Liv. Figurat ively
unquam abnuit meo stud i o voluntas tua. Cic.— BENUERE, to
show by signs that a th ing is unpleasant. Oculo renuente negavi .Ovid .
— RECUSARE , to refuse what is ofl'
er ed . Recusare munus legationis . Cic. Non recuso , non abnuo . Id .
— NEGARE, to refuse g ivinga th ing, to refuse wha t is asked. Oranti negavit ista. S tat. Alimentamiser ls negare . Ovid . N egare s ignifies a lso to ga insay, to say no .
Negant quemquamvi rum b onum esse , n is i sapientem. Cic — AB
N EGARE, to reynse resolutely to g ive a th ing . Rex t ib i conj ugium et
quats itas sangu ine d o tes abnegat. Virg. Negat would be less ex
press ive.— Pea N EGARE, to deny stifiy. Per negabo , perj urabo den i
que. Plaut.— DENEGARE, to rq
'
usegiving . Denegare aux ilium. Cws.
fi gura tively Occupati o opus impositum denegat. Cic. Denegareis mo re expressive than n egare .
17. Absolvere. Perficere.
ABSOLVERE, ( solvere ab ) in its proper mean ing is to untie, to letloose, to set f ree. Ibo ad forum, ut hunc absolvam. Ter. Figura
5
tively 1 . to absolve. Non tu absolutus improb itatis, sed ille damnatus est cardis Cic. Et ced o invidias, d ummod o absolvar cinis .
Ph aed . 2. tofi nish. Nemo p ictor Vener is earn partem, quamApe]les inch oatam reliquerat, absolvit. Cic. In th is sentence theverb ahsolvere s ignifies tofi n ish in anywaywha tever ; whereas perficere wouldsign
ifyto comp lete, tofi nish so that nothing fmaybe wanting. In 0mm
naturanecesse est aliqu id absolvi ac perfim. C10 . Id nos tortasse non
perficimus, conati quidem sumus. Id .
1 8 . Absonus. D issonus. Absurdas.
ABSONUS , (quas i ab sono ) that has a bad sound, or a sound disagreeing with another. Vox ex tra modum absona et absurda. C ic.
f igura tively Absoni avoce motus. Liv. Absonum fid el d lvmze
ginis. Id . Tha t does not agree with the bel ief people had that.he (Romulus )wa s if a divine orig in .
— D I S SONUS , (diversus sonus ) .d issonant,that is out oj
'
tune . Disson i clamores. Liv. Dissonum qui d dam au
d ientibus canere videtur ch orus. C ic. Figur a tively G entes moribus dissonae. Cic.
— ABSURDUs ; (ab aur ibus ali enus ) harsh or grat ing to the ear . Si absurdecanat is qui se h aberivelit musicumi
.
Cic..
Figur ativelz/ Quo quid absurd ius Cic. Est h oc aur ibus ammi squeh ominum absurdum. Id . It is ofl
'
ensive to the ears a nd mind. Ingen ium absurdum. Sal]. Absonus is the cause, and absurdus is the '
1 9 . Absterrere. Deter rere.
A s s r s a anae , and DETERRERE, (f rom terror ) to f r ighten fromwith th is d ifi er ence, that d eter rere is more elegantly by
'
ah
aliqua re, than byab aliquo . Ab impugnandapatriad eterrer i. CFCt er eas abster rere is with eq
ual p rop rietyf ollowed by ab aliquo, orbyab aliqua re. Supplicem a se
,absterrere. Cic. I t would not do so
well to make use of deterre te in the f oregoing sentence but we
'
mayindifier ently say abster reri and d eter reri a pecuniis capiend is.
20 . Abstinens. Continens. Temperans. Temperatus. Modestus.
Moderatus.ABST INENS , ( tenere abs ) thatabsta ins, is said of th ings that are out
of us, a nd especia lly of the property Qf other peop le. Abstinens d u
cent is ad se cuneta pecunize . H or. CONT IN EN S , ( tenere cum) continua l, without intermis sion or interruption . Longum agmen nec con
t inens. Liv. Figura tively , it is usedwh en speak ing of our natura l appetites andf aculties . Continentia in omn i victu, omnique cultu cor
p oris tue‘
nd i causa cernitur . Cic. Null-21 re facih us conciliatur benevolentiamultitud inis, quam abstinentiaet cont inentia. Id . Esse
abst inentem, continere omnes cup id itates praeclarum est. Id . V ix
p rorsus abstinens cri t qui satis continens non fueri t. Abstinentia is
p rop er ly used when sp eaking of diet. Abstinentiamitigare febrem.
Q uintil.— TEMPERAN S , used actively , proper ly sign ifies modera t ingstrong th ings by intermix ing them with mild ones. Vinum aquatemp eraus . H or . Figura tively V imconsili i temperans
‘
. Cic. Temp erans, an adj ective , s ignifies h imwho wisely regula tes h is desi res, even inthe use of lawful things a man fr eef rom a ll excess. Temperantia in
p rmtermittend is voluptatibus cernitur . Cic. Temperantiores 5 cu
p idlac imp eri i . Liv. Temperans is sa id of all des ires, and continensparticularly of pleasures.— TEMPERATUS , moderate, temperate. .Vim
6
ternperatam Du quoque p rovebunt in melius. H on - Mone sr us ,
( in modo stans ) moderate, that keeps with in due bounds, reasonablethrough habit, or natura l temp er. Mod est ia est in animo continensmod eratio cup id itatum. Cic. N egare cupidis, mod estis et iam of
ferre quod non petier int. Ph a3d .— MODERATUS, moderate, ruled by
some pa rticular cons ideration, or in a particular ci rcumstance. C outumell is impetitus moderatum se p reebuit. Cic. Moderatus et temp erans h omo . Id .
Abstinens is in opposi tion to RapaxContinens Luxur i osasModestus Petulans
Moderatus Efi'
renatus
Temperans Libid inosus.
21 . Abstrahere. Detrahere. Abr ipere.
ABSTRAHERE, (trah ere ab s ) to drag away with violence and ignominy. De complexu amicorum abstrah i. Cic. In servitutem abs
trah i . Id . Figuratively : A co rp ore abstractus an imus. Cic.— DE
TRAHERE, (trah ere d e ) to take away , to lessen. Detrah ere vestemal ioni. Ter . Detrah ere d e p ondere . Cic. Figuratively Multae res
sunt, in quibus d e suis commod isvi ri b oni multa d etrah unt, ut amicip ocius quam ips i fruantur . Cic. Detrah ere ab abliquo . Id . to speak
ill of one. V ictor h ostis abstrah it lib eros d e complexu parentum ;
victis Sp olia detrahlL— ABRIPERE, ( rap ere ab ) to take awayviolently .
Quem obtortagulad e convivi o ab ripi jussit. Cic. A liberxs suis abstractum, aconj uge abreptum, ab aris focisque proj ectum. Id.
22. Absumere. Consumere. Absorbere.
ABSUMBRE, (sumere ab ) to consume a thing in turning it froma
natura l and laudable destination . Dicendo tempus absumere. Ci
Rebus maternis atque paternis forti ter absump tis. H or . Quos pestilentia absumpsit. Liv. —CONSUMERE , (sumere cum) to consumeseveral thi ngs at the same time ; to consume all the pa rts of the samething , or several (J those pa rts. Ai des consumitur incendio . Liv.
Pecuniam consumer e . Cic. In agris colendis tempus et op eramconsumere. Id . Consumi senio et maerore. Id . A spendthnfl ah
sumi t res suas per luxuriam omne tetatis tempus consumendo. G. D.
-ABso ns aa e, (quas i sorb endo ab'
sumere to absorb, to swallow up ,
of liquids . H umorem absor ere. Plin. Figuratively:tazstus quidamnon insolitaead olescentibusglot ite. CIC.
23. Abandons . Cop iosas.
ABUNDAN S , (fi omab and undo.) is properly something overflowing.
Lactis abund ans. Virg. Figurative] abounding , well supplied or
pr ovided. Abundans COpiis. C ic. Vita abundans b onis. Id . Inge
nio et doctrinaabundantes. Id .— COP IOSO S , (f rom Cop ia ) rich, co
pious, wealthy. Inter suos copiosus . Cic. Cop iosum patrimon ium.
d. C0p iosum ingen ium. Id . Abundans is in opposition to'
egens ;and cop losus to tennis .
24 . Abunda r e. Redunda re.ABUITDARE, p roperly , to overfl ow. Rursfis abundabat fluidus li
quor. Vi rg. fi guratively , to abound : Abundare d ivitiis. Cic. Abun
m il-r
7
dare denotes only abundance and p lenty but redundare denotes superfl uity, plenty beyond possibility of use, and a great deal too much of ath ing . S i lacus Albanas red undasset, isque in mare flux isset, Romam peritu 1am, &c. Cic. Figuratively . Asiat ici oratores parump ressi et 11 1mis redundantes . Cic
‘
. H aec omnia in tuum caput t e
d undabunt. Id . I should sayqf a founta in that g ives p lenty (ywater,abundat ; but if too much , redundat .
25. Abunde. Abundanter .
Although these two words seemto have been used indiscr iminately , asAbundanter loqui. Cic. Qu ibus Senatus etiamsi non abundé p ot itur, non omnino caret. Id . i t may be observed tha t abundé meansoften less
,and signifies enoztgh , sufliriently. Ter rorum et fraud is
abundé est. Virg. Parentes abundé h abemus , amicos quaer imus.S al]. life have peop le enough that obey we are looking outj or f r iendsAbundanter ismore expressive. Satis abund anter d emonstratum est.
C ic.
26. Accedere . Propinquare. Approp inqua re .
ACCEDERE, (cedere ad ) to go towards , supposes a fi xed point towh ich we are advancing . Accedere ad fores . Ter . A d flammamaccessit i1nprud entius. 1d . Accedere moenibus. Liv. —PROP INQ UARE, (f rom p rope) expresses a proximity f orming i tself . Legio
numaci es p rop inquabat. Tac.— APPROP1 NQUARE, (proplnquare ad )
to approach , to draw near a term. Approp inquare finibus. Cees . to
draw near thef ronti ers accedere fin ibus i s only, to advance towardsthef ronti ers Jamque d ies app rop inquabat. Cass . Acced ebat wouldnot mean the same th ing . Libertas n ob is app rop inquat, illis pcena.
C ic. Acced it would be less expressive . Sp eci oso p ericulo p rop in
quat qu isquis ad reipublicaagubernacula acced it. G . D .
27. Accedere ad a liquem. Accedere alicui .
ACCEDERE AD ALIQUEM, to approach or to come near one. Cumad Ca sarem supplex acced eret. Cic.
— ACCEDERE A LIGUI to resemble, to be l ike . Antoni o Ph ilippus acced ebat, sed longo mtervallo,
en prox imus . Cic. De o p rop ius acced it h umana virtus quamfigura. Id .
28 . Accendere. Incendere. Inflammare. Succend ere. Cremare. Urer e.
Amburere.
ACCENDERE, to set re to a th ing , to ligh t i t up . Deus 1pse solem,
quas i lumen, aceon it. Cic. Figuratively : Accensus fur iis. Virg.
— INCENDERE , to set fi r e to a th ing , to burn it. Urbem incendere .Cic. Figuratively : Nulla mens p otest incendi , nis i inflammatusipse accesser is . C ic.
— INFLAMMARE, to put in a blaz e, to inflame.Classem inflammar i, incendique j ussit. Cic. F1gura tively : Popu
lum inflammare m improbos. Accendere cupid itatem, to g ive riseto a pass ion incendere , to animate it ; inflammare, to make it burstout. — SUCCENDERE, (accendere sub ) to setfi r e under a th ing, In
succensum r ogum corp ora inj ecerunt. Liv. Figuratively: Succen
sus amore . Ovid.— CREMARE , to reduce to ashes Num 1ncensa c1 e
mavit Trojaviros P Virg.— URERE, to burn. Cedrum urero. V i rg.
I t would not bep roper to say facom urero. Figura tively . Loris ur i.H or . Calceus angustior urit pedem. Id . Urit fulgore suo qui p ree
8
gravat artes infra se positas. Id . Whosoever ra is es himself aboveothers by the super i ority cf his talents, ir r ita tes those wh om he outsh ines.
— AMBURERE, to burrf a ll about, to burn imperf ectly . Oblitus cruoreet e tiam abjectus . Cic. spea k ing Qf Clodius. whosebody was only half burnt. fi guratively Ambustm fortunarum t e
liquj ar. Cic.
29 . Acceptum refer re. Etpensumf er r e.
ACCEPTUM REFERRE, to make one’
s account debtor. EXPENSUM
FERRE, to make one
'
s account creditor . Se h abere tabulas , in qu ibuss ibi expensa p ecun ia lata sit, acceptaque relata . Cic.
Quad vivo , tib i accep tum refero . Cic. I am indebted to youfor myl if e. Creditores suaanegligentize expensum ferre debent, as lawyerssay.
30 . Accessus. Access io . l ncremen tam.
Accessus , (cedere ad ) access , appr oach . Illi accessus ad urbemn octurnas metuendus est. C ic. Accessum dare . Phaed . to let one
come nea r .— Accass ro , the action if approach ing . Qua? t ib i access ioest ad basce md es? Plaut. Figuratively : 1 . Increase, addi t ion. Ao
cessionem ad dere aed ibus . C ic. Quantaecumque tib i fiant access io nes et fortunes et d ignitatis. Id . 2. Accessory . Perseus caput bell ierat, Gentius accessi o . Liv. Perseus was the ch ief manager of the
war , and Gentius onl an accessory one. (fromcrescere ) an increase. I
/ncrementa vineae. Cic. the young shoots of the
vine. Incrementam urb is. Liv. Omn ia incrementa sua s ib i d ebuit.Cic.
31 . Accidit. Contingit. Bucnit. Obvenit. Obtingit.ACC ID IT, when the event tbkes p lace aga inst our expectation, gene
rally in an unfavourable sense. S i quid adversi accid er it. Cic. Quo dvide o t ib i e t iam n ovum accid isse tanquam mih i . Id .
when the event takes place contra ry to our hopes, and is a prosperous one.S i mih i vita contiger it. C ic. Sci es plura maia contingere nob is ,quam accid ere ; quo ti es en im felicitatis causa et initium fuit quodcalamitatis vocabatur Sen .
— EV EN IRE, is said of either a lucky oran unlucky event . H is malecvenit, ill is optime. Cic.
— Oe r mo s a e ,
to happen by chance or by lot. Illi aquarum p rovincia obtingit. Cic.
(veni re ob ) (J itself means to go in or der to meet somebody . Qui primus mih i obvenisset . Cic.
— OBV EN IT , consider ed as
synonymous with the others, expresses what happens by chance. Au ~
Spicia secunda obvenerunt . Cic. Contingunt bona op tant i ; accid unt mala im
cprud enti, vel timenti ; h is male, illis bené evenit ; oh
ungit sorte ucenti ; obvenit causas naturales aut legitimas sp ectanu. G. D .
32. Accingere . Prcecinger e. Succing ere.Accmc ane, (cj ngere ad ) to g ird to. Lateri ensem accingere .
Vi rg. fi gura tively Accinctus studi o p 0 pulorum. Tac. Quin igifur ad h oc accinger is
? Liv. because it is customary to g ird one'
s selfm order to bemor ef ree in one
’
s motions. Virg il has sa id with the samemean ing : Accingar d icere pugnas Czesar is.
— PR.EC 1NGERE, (cingeregm}to beg ird, to encompasswith a g i rdle . Pinu caput praecinc
ms:v1 having a crown of p ine round h is head. Accinctus would
be impr oper . Pr tecingitur ense . Id . qfl'
ers a mean ing quite dif erent
tern inclinare . Cic. fi guratively Haec ut sequar incliuat animus.
Cic. Inclinata reSpub lica quaej am declinare caepit. Id . Inclinataone ra apauperibus in d ivites. Liv. Inclinat aci es. Id . The armybegins to g ive way.
— RI-:CLI NARE, to lie down , to lie all along . De
figunt tellure bas tas , et scuta reclinant . Virg. Seu te in remotoine reclinatum bear is interi o re n otaFalern i . H or . Figurative
ly Nullumalaboreme reclinat otium. H or . [fi nd no relief f or mytroubles.
—VERGERE , (ve rsus ag ere ) to be turned or bent towards . Id
tectumverg it in tectum inferi oris p o rticus . Cic. fi gura tively Pro
5p ice (1116 istavergant. Cic. Bjus aux il ium ad Italiamvergere , quamad As1ammaluissemus. Id .
38 . Acclinis . Accl ivis.
ACCLIN I S , lean ing on, that has a declivity . Corpusque Ievabat,arboris acclinis trunco . V irg. Ad itus leni ter acclinis . Cees. Figu
r atively : Acclinis falsis an imus meli ora recusat. H or . Ac
steep , rising , ascending . Carp itur acclivis per multa silentia
ar d uus . Virg.
39 . Accola . Incola .
ACCOLA , (colere ad ) a nea r inhabitant, a neighbour . Nul los aliosaccolas , nec fin itimos h ab ere , quamvos, volo . LIV .
— INCOLA , (colere in ) he who dwells with in . S ocrates totius mundi se incolam et
civem arbitrabatur . Cic. The same def erence of mean ing exists between accolere and incolere. Vos qui accolitis Istrum fluvium. Cic.
Illam a rh em Graeci incolebant . Id .
40 . Accommodare. Aptare.
ACCOMMODARE, (fromcommodus ) to adj ust, tofi t up, tomake convenient. Accommod are cot onam cap it i . Cic . Late ri accommodatcasem. V 1rg. Cicero sa id in the same sense Accommod are mdes ad
4 1 . Accommoda te. Commode. Commod itm.
ACCOMM
C ommoded ice re . To speak with ease .
To dance perfectlywell.— COMMODUM, inCommod t
‘
im h uc adverterat. Ter . Cosignifies scarcely : ha rdly . Commod fim d iscesseras h eri,batius ven it . Cic.
42. Accommodatus. Appositus .
ACCOMMODATUS , suitable,fi tf or , disposedj b r or to.
datas ad flagitia. Cic. H zec lex vob is accommodataest. Id . Accommodata metendis frugibus, aut percip
l l
ora . Id .—AP1>os i TUS , (positus ad ) la id near, put to, s ituate by. Gla
‘
um p ropeappositum é vaginaedux it . Cic. Figuratively Appos itam tempus ad aliqu id agendum. Cic.
43. Accumbere. D iscumbere.
ACCUMBERE, (cubare ad ) to lie down, to si t at table af ter the wayof theancients, who lay on beds to eat their meals . Tum ille negavitmoris esse Graecorum, ut in convivi o virorum mulieres accumberent.C ic . Tu d as epulis accumbere Divfim. Virg .
— D I SCUMBERE, (diversim cubare ) has the samemean ing as accumbere, excep t that it is sa idof severalpeoplegetting their meals together . Discubuirnus omnes p rater illam. Cic. Discubuere toris Th eseus comitesque. Ovid.
44 . Accusare . Incusar e. Arguere. Insimula re.
ACCUSA RE, (f rom causa) to accuse, to cha rge afault upon one, either
j ur id ically or otherwise. Is apud C . Sacerd otem reicap italis accusatus
est. Cic. Ego et librar ios tuos culpa libero ,neque te accuso . Id . F
guratively : Naturae infirmitas accusatur . Sall . - INCUSARE, tofi nd
faultwith one, to blame o r comp la in of one. Quidme incusas, Clytiph oTer . Quem non incusavi amens h ominumque Deorumque ! V irg.
Figuratively : Gra corum vana promissa incusare . Liv. [t is neverused to exp ress anyj ur idica l accusation . Famil iaris familiarem imonsat, quad n ih il scribat : inimicus inimicum accusat. G. D .
— AR
GUERE , l . to show or declare . Degeneres animos t imo r argu it . Virg .
2. to convince o r convict Harum rerumnullum erat crimen ap ertum,
quo argui p o sset . Cic INS IMULARE, (f roms imilis) in a str ict sense,to seem, to f eign, to make as if: Fugere insimulavi . Cic. More commanly it means to accuse, to h int by some reason ing that somebody isguilty . Marcellum insimulabat sin istros d e Tiberio h abuisse ser
mones. Tac. Pr obri insimulasti pud icissimam foeminam. Cic. In the
last sentence, n omine or crimine is understood. Arguere, rationis et
subtilitatis est ; insimulare, improbitatis. G. D .
45. Accusatori. Delator. Mandator .
ACCUSATOR, the accuser, pr osecutes the of ender before a tribunal.Judicium accusator is in reum p ro aliquo p raejudici ovalere non op ortet. Cic.
— DELATOR , (f rom deferre ) the inf ormer, being an enemyto any individuals , reports a ll th ey say or do contrary to the disposi tionof the overnment. Pr inceps qui delatores non castigat, ir ritat . Plin.
j un. ANDATOR, onewho subnrns a witness . Inter adversa temp orum, et delatores mandatoresque erant ex licentiaveter i. Suet.
46. Acer or Acris. Asper.
ACRI S, sharp, sour ; ASPER , harsh , grati
ng , ar e sa id of fi uits as
well as of oth er f ood. Acms (from d ay, a point) makes a sharp impr ession h thatma orig inatef roman excess ive quantity Qf salts. Acrep otet acetum. or . Pi uratively Bellum acre ac magnum. Cic.
Acrior memoria. Id . Defensor acer rimus. Id . Quia videor ace r,alligant me interd iu. Ph & d .
— ASPER means someth ing rough in itscomposition. S ensus jud icat dulce , amaruru ; laeve , asp erum. G. D .
Figuratively Monitoribus asp er. H or . In silvis asperamvitam trah eus . Ph aed .
47. Acerbitas. Acrimon ia .
Acenmr a s is properly sa id if f ru its Fructusacerbitate permixti. Cic. Figurat ively :f liction. Si i11 1placab iles iracund ize smt, summa est acerb 1tas ; sm
autem exorabiles, summa lenitas ; quaeut in malls acerbitati antepoo
nenda est. Cic. H uj us acerbitatis eventum alteraacerbitate nonvidendi fratris vitavi. Id .
— ACRIMON IA , sharpness, po ignancy , as in
mustard Figuratively , l iveliness . keenness. Convenit in vultu pudor em et acrimoniamesse. C ic. Ex ornatio hmc cum multumvenustat is habet, tum gravitatis et acrimonim. Id .
48 . Acerbas . Crudus .
ACERBUS , that is not r ipe , grating . Nondum matura est ; acerbamnolo sumere . Ph eed . Figuratively Acerba mors. V i rg. An nu
timely death . I t a lso signifi es , ha rd, gr ievous . Quod nis i concedas ,h abeare insuavis , acerbus. H or . Acerbum incendium. Cic.
— CRU
DUS , r aw, that is not ripe, that is not digested or has not digested . Cruda’
caro . Juven . Puma, si cruda sunt, vi avellun tur ; simatura et cocta,
d ecid unt. Cic. Crud um pavonem in balnea p ortas. Juven . Crudi
que postr id ié se rursus ingurgitant . Cic. fi guratively Virid is etcruda senectus. Virg. Grudam se rvitium. Tac. A servitude to whichone is
‘not accus tomed . Vulnera cruda. Ovid . Fresh wounds still bleedEt crudo fid it pugnam committere caes tu. Virg.
49 . Acervatim. Cumula te.
Acaava rm . In one h eap, by heaps . Pler ique acervatim se devallo praecipitaverunt. Czes . Figuratively Ace rvatim j am reliqua
d icam. Cic . I will say the rest promiscuously .— CUMULATE is only
used in afigura tive sense . CumulatePublicauis satisfactum est. Cic.
Cumulatiss imé mih i gratia mred d iderunt. Id .
50. Acervus. Conger ies . S tra es . Cumulus . d i ales.
Acauvus , a h eap or collectionof th ings of the same k ind . Ut ace rvus ex sui generis gran is, sic beatavita ex sui s imilibus partibus cflicid ebet . Cic. Acervus scutorum. Virg. fi guratively Acervus facinorum. Cic. A multitude of crimes .
— Coxo aa 1s s , (gerere cum)a mass Qf th ings brough t together . S ilva: congeries. Ovid . An accu
mala l iou to od . C op iarum conge ries . Tac. Congeries is the gener ical wo rd — S r nu rs , a g rea t quantity Cy
”things p iled up . Strues
lignorum. Liv. S trues salinarum. C ic.— CUMULUS , a h igh heap, a
consid erbble collection . Consulis corpus eo die, quia obrutum supers trat is Gallorum cumulis e rat. invenir i 110 11 potuit . Liv. Figural ively Cumulus ad laetitiam ej us acced it. Cic. He is overj oyed. De
ruere cumulum de alienis laud ibus . Cic. S trues and cumulus expressa heap o/
'
th ings placed one upon another , with th is difli‘rence 0 150 , thatstraes may be disposed with symmetry and cumulus has no other orderbutwhat chance produces. I t would not be improper to say Cum obsess ione p remerentur Oppidani , collatis in med ium quo tquot erant apudd uti p res non mod?) frumenti , sed e tiam pecuniw acervis, facta con
gen es in cumulam excrevit ingentem. G . D .-M0 Las , a mass, any
th ing huge and vast . Erit ig itur ex tructa moles op ere magnifico . Cic.
Cont ia cta p isces aequora sentiunt, jactis in altum mo libus. H or .
m aime d:
13
Moles gigantum. Cic. Figuratively Aspice quantamih i mole parentur insidiae. Ovi d . Omissis excubiis et fortune: suee mole . Tac.
51 . Acheron . Avernus. Erebus. Toenarus.
ACHERON , (from at pr ivative and a ov, laetitia ) Ach eron, a r iverof Hell. H ine via Tartare i qua er t Ach erontis ad undas . Virg.
This word is used to express Hell itself . Qui s olus b onos Ach erontesub imo est. Virg .
—AVERNUS , (f romat increas ing , and 01mg, obsonrus ) a lake in Italy . Th e anc ients f eigned that the descen t into Hellwas byth is la ke 271 their sacr ifices they made use of its wa ters in orderto obtain thef avour of the iry
'
er na l deities . G rave olens Avernus. V i rg.
I t is ofl en takenfor Hell itself? Facilis descensus Ave rn i . Virg. I t is
of the neuter gender in the p lural numl er .—EREBUS, (f rom EpeCog,
blackness, obscurity , da rkness ) . Erebus was one of the infernal deities,son Qf Chaos and Tenebree . He marr ied Nor . Amor, dolus, Parcaz,H esp erides quos omnes Ereb o et N octe natos ferunt . Cic.
Poets use the word Erebus“for Hell itself . [mas Ereb i descendit ad
umbras . Virg .— TE NARUS , a hollow cave . in wh ich there was a de
scent into Hell . Teenar ias e tiam fauces, alta ostia B itis Ingressus, Manesque ad iit, regemque tremend um. Virg. I t is f requentlyused to exp ress H ell itself.
52. Acies. Acumen. Cusp is . llducro.
Acms , (from oinn‘
, a p o int ) very seld om expresses any th ing but thecutting and sharp part (J an instrument ; whereas ACUMEN is sa id ofthe point itselfl Aci es securium. Cic. Acumen styli . Id . They ar e
less distinguished in thefigurative sense. Cicero has sa id aci es ingen i i ,and acumen ingen i i . It may however be observed tha t aci es is usedwith a determined obj ect. Aci es oculorum, aci es ingen i i . Cic. But
it is not a lways so with acumen . S ine acumine ul lo . Cic. I t wouldbe bad Latin to say sine aci e Ulla— CUSP I S , the point (you a rrow
,or
of anyoth er instrument, the end of wh ich is a rmed with i ron. Acuta
CUSp lde telum. Ovid . Acute“
: cusp ide contos . Virg.— MUCRO is
usua lly the sh arp point of a sword or any oth er weapon . Ferr eus ad
costas alto stat vulnere mucro . Figura tively H ic est mucro defeusionis mew. Cic.
53. Acies. Exercitas. Agmen .
ACIES , cons idered as synonymous with the other two, is understood ofthef rontof an army, wh ich is li ke the edgeQf a sha rp instrument. AciemMstruere. Cic. N eutra aci es laeta ex eo certamine ab iit. Liv. I t is
also understood Qf the battle itself . Non sentiuntviri fortes in aci evulnera.CiC.
—EXERC ITUS , (f romexercere ) is pr oper lya troop of soldi ersformed byreitera ted exercise . Fortissimorummilitum exercitus . Cic.
AGMEN, (f romagere ) is anybody ofpeople inf ull march , either with orwithout a rms. Nunciatumque Cor i olan o adesse ingens mmen. Liv. Cummstu magn o d ucebat agmen. Cic. Hune
nus vid it ex trema agmine. Phwd .
54. Acta . Gesta . Gestee r es.
ACTA, (f rom‘
agere ) is particularly sa id of actions in the civil line r("i d inless striking act ions. Ut acta p raeclar i tui Tr ibunatfis h omun sd lgmtate h onestes. Cic. Armorumque decus prancede forensibus ac
t is. Ovi d. It is used a lso to express reg isters and other booksfor records .
In acta referre. Tac. G ESTA , (from gerere ) exp resses noble actionsand grand exploits in war . Nee Agricola unquam in suam famam
gestis exultavit. Tac. Good authors g enerally ma ke use of res gestae ;Cicero has used gesta only once . Thucyd ides res gestas et bella ma rrat.Cic.
55. Actio. Gestio .
ACT I O . 1 . An action,on operation. Virtutis laus omn is in actione
consistit. Cic. ZEquabilitas universcevite , tum singularum actionum.
Id . 2 .
_Gesture , the way Acti o in dicendo una
d ominatur . Cic. Est eni Acti o non
tr ibuna l any onefor wha t he owes us, or for anycum s int erep tae p ecun ia , c ivili fereactione, ettur . Cic.
— GEST I O is properly theaction of ca r rythe way of conducting or administer ing . N egoti iacti o . Id . The rep resentation of a p lay .
56. Actionem dare . Actionem intendere .
ACT IONEM DARE is sa id with prop riety o/a j udge who g ives leave tobeg in a law- suit or an action a t law . S i qms cumpulsasset, ed ix it ips inullius re i acti onem sese datumm. Cic.
— ACT I ONEM I NTENDERE, tobegin a law -suit, to accuse j ur idically . Intendere act i onem perduellionis. Cic. To accuse one Qf h igh treason a ainst the p rince orDiemmih i , credo , d ixerat, acti onem imten erat. Id .
57. Activus. Actuosus.
AC '
N VUS , (f romagere ) quick , active ; it is opposed to contet ivus. Ph ilosoph ia et contemplat iva est et activa . Sen.
— ACT
1 . Busy , that can act : in th is sense it is opposed to n ih il agens.autem actuosa, et Deus vester n ih il agens . Cic. 2. That requi res act ion. Commd ia actuosa . Ter.
58 . Actor . Causid icus.
ACTOR, 1 . who acts. Ut eum efliceret oratoremverborum, acto
remque rerum. Cic . 2. an actor on the stage. In th eatro malos act ores p erp et i . Cic. 3. a pleader at the bar . Causat um actor medi ocris. H or . Lawyers g ive the name of actor to the p la intif — CAUS Ic us , (causam d icens ) a pleading counsellor. Causid icumquemdamsequuntur , non illum quidem amp lum atque grand em, subtilem et
elegantem tamen , et qui in forensibus causis possit prmclarecousist ere . Cic .
59 . Actuarias. Agilis .
ACTUAnw s , light, n imble, thatmoves eas ily . Actuaries naves . Cass .
Sh ips worked with oa rs and sa ils.fly- boats — Ac rms , active, brisk .
Od erunt h ilarem tristes agilemque remissi. H or . Vir agilis.Ovid . Agilis industria . Col .
60 . Actus . Gestus.
Acr e s , 1 . an action. Quad s i de vitameaatque actibus h uic conV lClatOl
'
l respondero . Cic. 2. an act of a play . Neque enimh is
15
ut placeat, peragenda est fabula, modo , m quocumque fuerit actu,p robetur . Cic.
— GESTUS ,gesture or action of the body . G estus d istortus . Cic . Histr ionum gestus. Id .
61 . Acuere. Pungere . Stimular e. Exacuer e.
ACUERE, (fromd urimpoint) towhet. Acuere ferrum. Hor . Acuere
ser ram Cic . Figu ra tively . to excite, to p rovoke. Acuere aliquem ad
crud elitatem. Cic . Acuatque se d iligens industria . Ph aed .— PUN
GERE, to pr ick or sting . Acu pungere . Cic . Gladi o pungere . Id .
Figuratively : Pungit ignomin ia . Cic .— ST IMULARE, (f rom stimulus )
to sting, to spur on, both in the common andfigurative sense. Stimulare
equum. Ovid . H unc mih i ex an imo scrupulum evelle, qui me di esnoctesque stimulat ac pungit . Cic . Te conscientiaa st imulant maleficiorum tuorum. Id . EXACUERE, to g ive a very sha rp edge. Spi
cula exacuunt rostr is . Virg. speak ing of the bees . Figuratively . S ol
1icitud inesque meas quot idiemag1s tua merita exacuunt. Cic. Tyr
teusque mares animos in MartiaD
b ella versibus exacuit. H or .
62. Acus. Aculeus.
Acus, (f rom aim}, a po int) a needle . Seu pingebat acu . Ovid .
ACULEUS , a sting or dart of anima ls. Ap is aculeus. Cic. Cornibus
uti b oves , vespas aculeis . Id . Livy ha smade use (yaculeus sagittae.f igurat ively : Contumeliarum acule i. Cic . Emittere aculeos severitatis in aliquem. Id .
63. Acutus Sul tilis . Solers. Ingeniosus. Persp icaz . Sagaz . Argutits.
ACUTUS , ( from acuere) made sharp, whetted. Acuta': cusp id ishasta. V 1rg. Fgur a tively . acute, ingeni ous, penetrating, cunning . In
geniumacutum. Cic Si latus aut renesmorb o tentantur acuto .H or .
— SUBT I L I S, ( quas i sub tela )fi ne, th in . Subtile fi lum. Luer. Figuratively . Sub tile j ud iciun1 . Cic. Subtile palatum. H or . Subtil e dicendi genus. Cic .
— SOLERS , (quas i solus m art e) learned in arts, skilful, clever. Quid h oc h omine solertius .
9 Cic. Figura tively : S olerssubtilisque descripti o par tium co 1p oris . Cic - IN GBN I O SUS , (f romgiguere of a pr oductive aGen ius , quick a t contr ivance. D ocilitas , memoria, quae fei e appellan tur omn ia uno ingenii nomine ; easquevirtutes qui h abent , 1ngeniosivocantur . Cic. Ingen iosus vir , Cic. is a
man natura llyfitf or arts and sciences. Furtum ingeniosus ad omne .Ovid . Ingemosus age r ad fruges, of the same author , seems to be rather a bold expression — PERSPICAx , (f rom per and the obsolete Sp ice re ) quick-sigh ted, quick of j udgement and understanding . Id quodacutumet persp icax natura est. Cic . Palamed is persp icax p rudentia . Id . sagacious, cunn ing. Sagire enim senti re est, ex quosagae anus, quaemulta scire volunt, et sagaces dicti canes. Cic. Sa
gax ad p ericulo. prospicienda . Id .-ARGUTUS , (f romarguere ) has
severa l meanings. 1 . Ingen ious. Quis m sententiis argutior ? in d o
cendo ed155e1 end oque sdb tilior Cic. Ca10 argutus. Hor . Judicisargutum quae non formid at acumen . Id . 2. Resounding ,
echo ing , so.
norous . Argutum nemus . Virg . Argut i olores . Id . 3. Th in, slender . Illi ( equo ) ardua ce1vix , argutumque caput . Virg. Cicero saysarguta exta, entra ils clearlyfor etellzno f uturi ty Argutus dolor, acutep ain. Sedulitas arguta . C ic. Ocul i mmis argut i quemadmodumanimo afi
‘
ecti sumus loquuntur . Id .
64. Ad annum. In annum.
AD ANNUM , a twelvemonth hence, a t the end cf a twelvemonth .
Utrum illuc nunc ven iam, an ad annum. Cic. Now , or a twelvemonth hence. IN ANNUM,for the space of a year . Magistratibus in
annum creatis. Liv. Ad annum would have a meaning quite d iflerent. This dis tinction deserves a ttention .
65. Ad dieni . In diem. In dies. De d ie.
A 1) D I EM , at the appo inted day. Quand é ille frumentum quod deb eret, non ad diem dedit. Cic.
— IN 11 1 131 1 , fromday to d ay. In diemrapto vivere . Cic. Ciim servitute p remeremur , et in diem malmncresceret. Id . Fundum emere in di em, C . Nep . , has anoth er meaning ; it s ignifi es to buyan esta te on condition that it shall bepa idj b r ona certa in day.
—IN D I ES a lways denotes p rogression. Ingravescit indi es intestinummalum. Cic. H ic magis in dies convalescit . Id .
DE D I E, dur ing the d ay, in the d ay- time , by day- l ight. Vos convivialauta , sump tuosa d e d ie facitis. Gatul . Jam mi n imemiro r te cum
perd itissimis latronibus non solum d e d ie, sed etiam in diemvivere .Cic.
66. Ad summum. Ad summam.
AD SUMMUM , at the most. Ex p rimis, aut ad summum secund is
l 1terxs.— C1c.— AD SUMMAM, ( rem understood ) in a word, i nshort.
Ad summam, ne agam d e singulis. C1C.
67. Ad tempus. In tempus . Per tempus. Ex tempore. In temp ore.
AD TEMPUS , 1 . For a time. Coluntur simulatione amicitiae dun
taxat ad tempus. Cic. 2. At the appo inted time. Ad tempus re
dire . Cic. 3. According to ci rcumstances , as the circumstance shallr equi re. Ad tempus consilium capiam. Cic.
— IN TEMPUS , when thet ime comes , under proper ci rcumstances . Ej usmod i sunt i i versus , utin tempus ab inimico Pomp eu scr ip ti essey id eantur . Cic.
— Plera
que d ill‘
erat , et praesens in tempus omittat. Hon — IN TEMPORE, inthe proper time, seasonably . Opp ortune te in ipso temp ore ostendis .
Ten— Ex n eu r o ns , Fromci rcumstances. Consilium ex temp o recapere . C ic. Directly , immediately . Dicere ex temp ore . Cic.
PER r ump us , seasonably , in the n ick (y'
time. Per tempus subvenistis mih i . Plaut . Sed vide o Ph id ippum per tempus egredi . Ter.
68 . Addicere. Adj ud icar e.
Ann lcamz, (dice re ad ) to adj udge to th e best or hest bidd er . Li
cetur lEbutius : d eterrentur emp tores : fundus a dicitur IEbutio .
Cic. In another sense “
: Incid ebantur domi leges qu e nos nostris add icerent. Cic. S enatus, cui me semp er ad d ix i . Id .
- ADJUD ICARE,
(judicare ad ) to adj udge bya sentence . Agri quos P. Africanus popul o Romano adj ud icavit. C ic. Judex qui nobis causam adjudicaturus est. Id . It is used l ikewise in ci rcumstances where no sentence
is pronounced . Pompeius scape multisqueverb is suis mih i salutemunperu adj ud 1cavi t. C ic.
69 . Add ictus . Mancipatus. Deditus. Obnoz ius.
ADmcrys , cons idered as synonymouswith the twofollowing words, ispr operly sa id of a debtor, whom the proctor had already adj udged to his
tare , d eind e refugere . Liv.— OBEQUI TARE, to r ide round
Obequitare mcembus . Q. Curt. S tationibus h ostium - obe
Liv.
73. Adesse. Interesse.
Annssn, to be near , to bepresent. Coram quemqueer itis ,V i rg . Adesse senatus -consulto scr ibend o . Cibetween . Id morarivictoriumrati , q
p resence, but a lso tha t the person interf eres in what is the obj ect if del iberat ion . Publicis cons iliis interesse , Cic., to have a concern in publ icdeliberations . Adesse , in th is case, would only signify tha t one is present at them.
74. Adesse. Prcesti) esse.
ADESSE, considered as synonymous with the other , s ignifies to assistw ith one
’
s presence. Adsum amicis, venio in Senatum frequens. Cic.
Paeri fceminzeque supraan imi corp orisque vi res ad sunt pugnant ib us , telaministrant . Liv. -Paz£ sr o a ssn , says Popma , is opemferrein temp ore , to assist in t ime of neerl. Mih ique molestissimis tem
p or ibus fideliter benevoleque p rwsto fuit . Cic . Gum sibi nonmul titud inemmilitum non pecuniam p riest?) esse vid erunt . Id . It
means l ikewise to be present. Pra sto est ante oculos, Ovid ., he is
bef ore my eyes.75. Adhcerere. Adhcer escere.
Anna-311m m, (bent ere ad ) to stick to, to befi xed to. Tela in tuisvisceribus adhmrebant. Cic. Figuratively Ad h aeret mih i ad infimumventrem fames . Plaut.— ADHE RESCERE, to cleave to, to keepone’s self close to. .Ad eam tanquam ad saxum ad h aarescunt . Cic.
Figuratively Justitia h onestatique ad h aerescere. Cic.
76 . Adh ibere. Add ere. Aryicer e.
ADH IBERE, (h ab ere ad ) properly, to have nea r, to make use of:Ad h iberevestes ad ornatum. Cic. Adh ibere audaciam. Cats . Ad
d ere and adj icere would have quite another sense— ADDERE, (daread to g ive over and above . Ad d ere acervo . H or . Cfim 2111qad itur aut minuitur . Cic.
— ADJ ICERE, Sjacere ad ) to cast unto.
Ut ex inte rio re loco satis commode tela a j ici possent . Caes . Figu
r atively Animum ad consilium adj icere. Liv. Ad dere would havea d ifi
'
erent mean ing . We may say: C onsul Tribunisglaulum d igui
ta tis add it ; sa‘
p e d ifficilius intelligitur quid patronus°
cat, quam si
i ll e ipse , qui patronum ad h ibet, d e re suad icat zedes fano adj ectaesunt . G. D.
77. Adh iberefi dem. Habere fi dem.
Anmaann F IDEM . 1 . To make use of one'
s probity. (y’
one'
s fi delity. Adh ibere fid em in amicorum per iculis . Cic. To e p roofs(yfi delity when fr iends are in danger . 2 . T0 g ive bel ief . nsanorumvisis fid es non est adh ibenda, quo d falsa sint. 3 . To g ive a new mo.l ive for believing . Ep istola tua puero fidem adh ibuit. C ic . Yourletter ha s confirmed me in the belief of wha t 1 had been told bymessenger .
— HABERE F IDEM has l ikewise severa l meanings.,I
bel ieve . H is fidem h abemus, quos p lus intelligere, quam nos
tramut . 2. To obta in f a ith or belie/Z Res h abuit fidem. Ovid.
fidemp ullamh abebunt, sublatii ven’
et fals i notii . Cic.
19
78 . Adhuc. Etiam. Quoque.
h oc tempus ) hitherto, as yet. Me ad huc non legisse
Unam adh uc s te epistolam acceperam. Cic. I t is
ea. N isi quid adhucvultis . Cic — ET I AM , a lso, too,t etiam gratia.
dicunt, laudo ;um si negant , laudo i d quoque . Ter . non sunt solar
taa h as ; ego quoque etiam cred id i. Id .
79 . Adire. Conven ire.RE, ( ire ad ) to go to it is sa id of p ersons and th ings. Tribu
nem censeo ad ean t . Cic. Adire p ericulum. Id .— CON
the same p lace . Eamque, si opus
ee, but adire does not imply the same. Figuraconven isse in unum locumvidentur . C lC . Utnos. Id . Numvidentur h aec conven ire nup
80. Aditus . Introitus.
AD I TUS , access, approach . Duo sunt ad itus in Ciliciam ex Syria.
Cic. Primo aditu mdium snarum quempiam p roh ibere . Id . Difli
ciles aditus p rimos h abet. H or . I t is at fi rst dificult to have access
to h im. Figuratively : Si quis mih i et it ad itus e tuis fortunis agend i. Cic. If I canfi nd a good opp ortunity to defend your interests.
INTROITUS , (ire intro) entrance. Non solum intrortu, sed omninc'
i
ad itu proh iber i . Cic. Ad omnes intro itus armatos h omines 0p
p onit. Id . Figuratively Intro itus d efensionis. Cic. Intro itus inCausam. Id .
Adj unger e. Agglutinare. Alligare . Annectere. Attexere.
ADJUNGERE, (jungere ad ) to j oin one th ing to anotadjungere vites . Virg. Figuratively Juris scientiam eloquentiaen uam ancillulam adj ungere. Cic.
— AGGLUT I NARE, (f rom glun?to glue together . Agglutinare ch artas. Col . Figurativelyovum prommium exaravi, et tib i mi si , tu illud agglutinabis . Cic.
ALL IGARE , (ligare ad ) to tie one th ing to another. Alligare ad palum.
Cic. Figura tively Alligari beneficio . Cic.— AN NEC TERE, (nec
tere ad ) to j oin one th ing to another by a knot. Aurea coccineas an
nectit fibulavestes. Ovi d . Figuratively : Quod orationi annexumCic.
— ATTEXERE, ( texere ad ) to weave unto. At texuntur 10
ex cratibus. Cees. A pa rapet is mad e of hurdles . Figurativelyad id quod erit immortale partem attex itote mortalem. Cic .
82. Administer. Administrator.
DMI N I S '
I‘
ER, an inf erior acting as a servant. Unus puer quotidiani victus administer non est relictus . Cic. Infimi h ominesmercedula ad ducti administros se p raebent in j udiciis oratoribus. Id .
fi gurat ively Administer cup idi tatum. Cic .— ADMINI STRATOR , a
governing administra tor Cum ess et constitutus administrator bell ige rend i . Cic. It is better to say regn i admin istrator than administe r.Sometimes good authors make use of admin istrator in the mean ing ofadmin ister. Itaque nec pulch ros illos administratores a5p iciebat,Dec plenumart is argentum, necmanumporrigebat inmensam. Cic
t C 2
ta
te
N
20
83. Admir atio. Admirabilitas.
Q AO
DM i RAT IO, surp rise, admirat ion . Hoc ce rte quodmihimaximamadmi rat
o
lonemmovet, non tacebo . Cic. Magna est admiratio c0piosé sap ienterque dicentis. Id .
— ADM IRAB ILITAS , wha t is admirable,astonishing
, ma rvellous or excellent in a thing . Quanta sit admirabih tas cos es tium rerurn atque terrestrium ! Cic. Admirabilitas divmorum opemm admirationemmovet. G. D .
84 . Admiscer e. Immiscere. Permiscere.
Anm scs as , (miscere ad ) to mix o r mingle by degrees . Aquaetiam admistus est calo r. Cic. fi guratively Tune admiscere h uicg ener i o rationis illud alterum coepi . Cic.
— Izsm rscs na, to minlew ith or j umble together. Immist i turbaamilitam togati . Liv.r atively: Immiscere se colloquiis. Cic. Immiscere se alieniLin — Ps am scs a s , to mix or ming le together thoroughly, to hudd letogether . Corp o ra viva permista sepul tis . Luc. Figuratively : Egoautem sentio omn es in oratione quas i permistos et confusos pedes.
C IC . Omma potius permiscuerunt, quam ci leg i conditionique pa.rerent. Id . lmmiscuerunt would be less express ive.
85. Admittere. Immittere.
Ansrrr r na s , (mi ttere ad ) p roperly , to send towar ds. S ignumequitibus datum est, ut in b ostemadmitterent equos. Liv. More commonly, to let one in, to receive into a place where one is. Turpills
ej icitur quam non admittitur h ospes. Ovid . Salutatum veniebant,admissus est nemo . Cic. Figuratively Nec ad cons il iumcasus ad
mittitur . Cic. Si quse in eam Iis capitalis illata est, non admittun t.Id . Admittere scelus. Id .
— IMMI T TERE (mittere in ) to sendf or th orinto , for or aga inst. Immittere in forum sicari os. Cic. Figur a
tively Immittere se in voluptates . Cic. Jactam et unmissamatenefariam in me injuriam semper dux i. Id .
86. Admovere. Applica re.
ADMOV ERE, (movere ad ) to move towards, to appr oach . Fasci
eulam ad nares admoveb is. Cic. Admovere exercitamad ar hem.
Liv. Figurative! Admovere terro rem, minas, &c . Cic.— Ar en
CARE , (plicare to lay one thing to or nea r another. Applicare 88ad arborem. Cms. Applicare naves terrae. Cic. Applica re scalas
muris, Liv. , to set ladders a ains t the walls . Admovere would onlys ignify, to bring them near t walls : Admoventur , tum applican
tur . G. D . Figurativel Se ad doctorem ap licar Cic. To takelessons of a master. Vbluptas non p otest ad iionestatem ap licari.Id . Voluptuousness is inconsistent with honesty . Se ad p iloso
ph iam applicare . Id .
87. Admurmurare. Obmurmurare.
ADMURMURARE, to show bymurmur either approbat ion or disapp robation. Admurmurante senatu, meque non invito , factum
“
est.
C ic. Memoria tenetis quamvalde un iversi admurmuraverint, quampalam p rincipes contrad ixer int. Id .
— OBMURMURARE is aIways ez
press we of indignat ion. Vana peto, precibusque meis obmurmuratipse pontus . Ovid .
21
88 . Adnatare. Enatare.
ADNATARE, (natare ad ) la w n) : to, todgo swim
p lace . Illse ( ranaa) t imore p osi to certatunanatant.
TARE, to swim out, to swim to la nd.
'
1 um pauci enatant . Phazd .
Figuratively : Reliqui h ab ere se videntur angustius, enatat tamen
Ep icurus . Cic.
89 . Adniti . Inniti .
Anmr t, (n iti ad ) to lean aga inst. Adnixa columnae baso
ta. Virg.Adniti denotes tendency towa rd an oly
'
ect. Natura soli tarlummh i l
amat, semperque ad al iquid , tanquam admin iculum, admti tur . [t
signifies a lso to j oin one’
s endeavours or efi b r ts. Null? ci rcum adm
tente . Sal. — INN IT I , to lean upon. Scutis inmxr. LIV . H asta ln
nixus . Id . Figuratively : S ecreta ej us innituntur illi . Tac. He
trusts his own secrets to nobody but h imself. Cujus accusati o rebus
j ud icatis innitivid ebatur . Cic.
90 . Adolescens . Juven is. Adultas.
ADOLESCENS , (f rom olescere, to grow) is properly said of the‘
time of life between twelve and twenty-one ; quandiu scilicet, saysPl iny , h omo crescit in longitud inem co rp oris, et p rimamlanuginem
p roducere incip it. Oflicium adblescentis est maj ores natu vereri .Cic. Ad olescens, in good authors, is sa id Qf men f rom twelve to
f orty years of age. Qui en im citius ad olescentiae senectus, quam
puer itia: adolescentia obrep it
? Cic. Livy calls the Tarquins ad oescentes, a lthough the were above thirty years old . Caesa r is calledad olescens, a lthough te had been the h igh est p ontiff when six- and
thirty years Qf age. Adolescens is said of both sexes.— JUVEN I S,from j uvare ) because that age is more able to endure fa tigues. Res
qua: j uventute geruntur et viribus. Cic. [t is for th is reason thatjuvenis is used by V irg il insteadofmiles. Juvenes, fort issima frustrapectora . Ancient writers denoted by juven is a man who was under
Adulta p est is.ion . Non na
9 1 . Adoptio. Adrogatio. Adoptatio.
Amoer ro was of two sorts. cum in al i enam familiam inqueliberorum locum ex trane i sumuntur , aut per p raetorem fit, aut per
p0pulum : q ogatio d icitur ; quod per priefilii familias ; ad rogantur quiPT IO was a legal act, byvirtueof another f a ther, who had no
22
92. Adorare. Colere. Observare. Venerar i . Reverer i.Ano aAns , (ad 08 ) 1 . To
r everence, in lifting up the ha
superos . Ovid . 2. To p rayh ostia caesapacem Deumsynonymous with the other words ,Deummax imeMercur ium colunt .
o rum delubra colere . Id . Colerea f a ther.— OBSERVARE, (servare
viros dign itate p rmstantes revereri subditorum est. G. D .
Anoau u, ( oriri ad) to go out towards , to a ttackAd oriri a tergo , ex ms idiis . Cic.
‘
Hi noviss imosFiguratively to undertake . Occasio i doneaCic.
—AGGRED I , (gradior ad ) to go unto, toQuis audeat bené comitatum aggr edi ? Cic.another mean in atively: to underta ke.
a d h istoriam. Ia iv. MPUGNARE,Impugnare terga bostium. Liv.pugnatis plebem? Id .
94. Adrepere. Irrepcre. Obrepere.
into . Ne mus , aut10
youth . Ob
in spern he
obrepend o . G. D .
95. Advehere. Convehere. Evehere. Iauchert .
Anveus nz , (veh ere ad ) to carr y to or into . Ct‘
im Pyrwumadvectus essem. C ic.
—CON VEH ERE, (veh ere cPlaustr is ms et e rarium conveh unt. Liv.— E
23
to carryf rom a place. Omn ia palam laustris evecta asportataqueess e . Cic . Figuratively : Ut semel yreo eloquentia evecta est,
omnes peragravit insulas . Cic .— INV EH ERE, (veh ere in ) to import,
to carry in. Inveh i ex alto in p or tum. Cic. Figuratively : Inveh iin aliquem acerbius, Cic., to inveigh and speak too bitterly aga instone. Inveh ere avaritiam, Liv.
, to introduce ava rice.
96 . Advena . Convena . Hospes. Peregrinus . Peregr inator. Exterus.
Entrarias. Er lernus . Extraneus. Alienus lienigena .
ADVENA , (ven ire ad ) he who leaves h is own country in order to iahabit another. Advena Classem cum p rimum Ausoniis appulit oris.Virg .
— CONVENA , (ven ire cum) people ofvar ious countr ies assembledtogether to l ive in the same p lace. Romulus pastores et convenasconsili o et sap i entiaconj ugavit . Cic -H OSPES, as synonymous withthe other words, is hewho inhabits another
’
s house, or a f oreign 1Tu h ospes in h imurbe versar is. Cic.
— PEREGR INUS , (f rom peragrare ) an a lien, one who travels in a foreign country . Jam non h os
p ites, sed p eregrin i et advenae nominabamur . Cic.— PEREGR I NATOR,
onewho makes many j ourneys ; often f rom home . Et me h erculenonsum tam p eregrinato r j am, quam antea solebam; aed ificia mea med electant, et o t ium domus est. Cic.
— EXTERUS , foreign, of anoth ercountry . Ex tera qumrere regna. Virg. i . e. Quaerere regnum ex tra.Externawould not be so proper.— EXTRAR IUS , ( quas i ex trarem) outward
, f oreign , strange . S ine ullaassumptione ex trar iae d efensionis.
Cic.— EXTERNUS , external , outward. Amimos ex ternaet adventitia.
religi one pulsar i. Cic. Extera in th is case would be improper . Ex
terna religio means a relig ion coming f rom a f oreign country— Ex
T RANEUS , who is (y; and l ives in, another country . Pax et concordiaextraneis gignetur , cum j am d omesticis non insid eat. Cic. Ex
t ern is would not be so proper . Likewise Extranea b ona sunt cor
po ris et an imi, b onos, p ecun ia, p otent ia, &c. Cic.— AL I ENUS is used
in opposition , l . to .p rop rius . Alienae domi esse . Cic. 2. to p ro
p inquus, consanguineus. Apud me cmnant ali en i n ovem. Plaut .
3. to conj unctus , amicus. Ut tuum factum al ien i h omin is, meumvero, conj unctissimi esse videatur. Cic .
— ALI EN IGENA , (quas i alib igenitus)
born in another country . Qu id alienigenae d e vob is loquisoleant . Cic. Alienigenae h ostes . Id .
97. Advenire. Adve nture.ADVEN IRE, (venire ad ) to a rrive, to come to. Advenis modd ?
Ter . H ora p roficiscend i advenit . TaC.—ADV ENTARE, ( the f re
quentative Qf advenire ) to draw near, to app roach . Adventare, et
p ropejam esse debes. Cic. Reipublicmexcid ium adventat. Tao.
98 . Adventitias. Adventor ius.
ADV EN T I TIUS , coming by or f rom some other person or thing .
Adventitium aux il ium. Cic.— ADV ENTOR IUS , relating to coming
home . Adventor ia ep istola. Cic. A letter anr ouncing the arr ival ifsomebody .
99 . Adversar i. Repugnare. Res istere. Obsister e. Rtj'
ragar i.
ADV ERSARI , to oppose, to be contra ry . Bjus l ib idin i adversar i nonp oterat. Cic. N orr adversata petenti annuit. V i rg .
— REPUGNARE,
p etenti,verum etiambe contrary. To ta illaadversari solent omsequenti resistimus ; repugnamus V im inferenti ;fragamur . G. D .
1 00. Adversar ia . Tabular. Commentar io . D iarium. Ephemeris .
ADVERSA RIA , a note- book, amemorandum-book, in wh ich is writtenhastily what people want to remember , in order to set itwards in a settled reg ister , called TABULas. Quid est
g enter scr ibamus adversar ia? Quid est quad d iligenterTabulas Quia h aze sunt menstrua, illa? sunt asternae : h & C delentur statim, i lla-3 servantur sancté . . sunt conj ecta, illae in or
d inem confectae. Cic. They were called Adversaria because they werew r itten on all S ide$ .— COMMENTARIA and COMMENTARI I , (f romcumand mens ) memo irs, reg isters, commentaries, books in wh ich th ings Qfconsequence are wri tten. Pontificum commentar ia. Cic. Commentaria Cazsaris . Id . Conficiam commentarios rerum mearum. Id .
Lege commentar ios A ristotelicos. Id .— DIARIUM, (fromdies ) pr o
visions j or one dayg iven to a sold ier , or to a slave. Cum se rvis urb ana d iaria rodere mavis, Hor ., Thou would est rather be reduced tothe allowance granted to slaves. Iis diar iis militum celeritatem incitat . Cic. Good authors have never used diarium to exp ress a j ournal .—1EPH KMERI§, ( i rri hue
-
pa , d i es ) a j ournal, a da -book. Ad ephemerid em revertitur , invenitur dies p rofectionis . ic.
101 . Adversar ias. Contra rias.Anvs ns zxa rvs , (adj ective ) opposite, wh ich is aga inst. Adversar n
d uces. Cic. Tribunus sed itiosis adve rsarias. Id . Op ini o o rator iadversaria. Id .
— Co r< r a a aw s , contrary to, repugnant. N ih il m is
o fficio contrar ium esse p otest. Cic. Verba rebus contraria. d.C ontrarias is only sa id of th ings, and adversaria s of both th ings andp ersons.
102. Adversa rias. Inimicus . Hostis . Perduellis .
ADV ERSAR IUS , (substantive ) is properly he who beg ins a law- suitaga inst another . Nemo h orum ita te refutand um ut gravem adversar ium arbitrabatur . C ic. I tmeans also an adversary , a res is ting enemy .
Acceptis a forti adve rsari o vulner ibus. C ic .— IN lM i CUS ,
e ns ) a p rivate enemy. Qui mih i tam crudeliter inimici sui s properly used to exp ress an enemy if hi s country . Omn ibus inimicisr eipublicze esse me acerrimum b ostem p rmme fero . Cic. Enemies( Immtci ) strive to do ha rm the one to the oth er, their heartwards it adversa ries urge their reciprocal cla ims the one aga inst the
108. Adular i . Assenta r i . Bland iri . Ei lman.
’
ADULARI , to be sweet upon (as we say) , tofawn (pr oper l Qffida custodia, tamque amans d ominorum ad ati o
wor ds only ; it signifies to applaud and app rove every th ing . Semperauget assentatio i d quod is, cujus ad voluntatem d icitur , vult essemagnum. Cic.
— BLAND IRI , from bland us ) to fla tter with sweetw ords . Quippe qui adversando sazpé assentatur , et litigare se simulans b landiatur . Cic. Ita nat i sumus , ut et bland ir i et supp liciterins inuare possimus . Id . S ic h ab endum est nullam in amicrtiis pes
tem esse maj orem quam adulationem, bland itias, assentationem. Id.
Figuratively Umbrablanditur p opulus , Ovid ., The pop lar- tree deligh ts by its shade. Blandiebatur caeptis fo rtuna . Tam— BBL“ :
m a r, to obta in byfl attery or f a i r words . Apud Plancum enitere,elab ora,vel poti l
‘
i s eblandire . Cic. Sufi'
r agia ebland ir i. Id . Assen
tamur voce ; gestu ad ulamur ; tactu bland imur , as gramma rians say.
109 . Adulterare. Adulterari.
ADULTERARE , to debauch or commit adultery with . Adulterarematronas. Suet. Figura tively to corrupt, to counterf eit. Adulterare tabulas, Cic., to adulterate reg isters.— ADULTERAR I (a deponentverb) is never used in a figurative sense. Adulte rat i turpe est, Cic.,
I t is a shameful th ing to commit adultery .
1 10. Adulter ium. Incestam. S tuprum.
ADULTER IUM, adultery (properly ofmarried persons ) . Adulteriumcum ali enauxore committere. Quint — INCESTUM is sa id Qf criminalcarnal intercourse in general, but especia lly between relatives . Inces
tum is a greater crime than adulter ium. Omnibus ex animi parturbation ibus est profectt
‘
) nullaveh ementior , stupra dico , et corruptelas , et ad ulter ia, incesta d enique, quorum accusabilis est turp itud o .
Cic.— Incasr us has exactly the same meaning, but besides it expresses
the profana tion of sacr ed mysteries by a fi lthy action ; in wh ich senseC icero says De se rvis nulla quaesti o est in dominum, n is i de incestu.
The adj ective incestas is moregenera llytaken in this sense. Non solumaspectu, sed etiam incesto flagitio et stupro polluit ce remonias. Cic .
— STUPRUM is p roper tya criminal intercourse wi th a person unmarr ied.
Infert e stuprumvirgini. Cic. It is a lso taken in a eneral sense. Adstuprum rap i matres Campanas, virginesque, &c.
gLiv.
1 1 1 . Advocare. Convocare.Anvocs a a , to call or send for f riends . Advocat e ad concionem.
Cic. Advocare is a law- exp ression. Quos t ib i advocasti ad consultand um. Cic. F
'
ur atively Advocare artem, Cic . , to make use ofartful means . A vocare an imum ad seipsum. Id .
— CONVOCARE,vocare cum) to ca ll together, to as semble . Convocare consilium.
ms . Piscatores ad se convocavit . Cic. Figura tively : Convocarein animam cons il ia. Plaut. To advise with one’s self.
2
1 12. Advolare. Involare.
ADVOLARE, (volare ad ) tofly to. Avis Platalea s ib i cibumqua ritadvolans ad eas aves qua se in mari mergerent. Cic. FigurativelySed certior aucto r advolat fEnea . Virg .
— INVOLARE, tofly in , to
j‘
liy p recip itately on or aga inst. In villa in ultr t
‘
) involant columba .
ar . V ix me contineo quin involem in cap illum. Ter . In p ossessionem alterius involare . Cic. Figuratively Animum cup ido involat. Tac.
1 1 3. Advolvere. Involvere. Provolver e.ADVOLVERE, (volvere ad ) to roll to . Totas advolvére focis ul
mos . V irg. Figuratively : Glamor advoivitur astris . S tat.
rum rerum cumulos in unum carmen advolvere, Claud., to bringsomany great th ings with in thecompass of a singlepoem.
— INVOLVERE,
towrap, or f old in, to envelop . Fa n o al iquem involvere . Ovi d . In
volv‘
it se farina. Pha d . Figuratively Savum ingen iumvarus involvens mod is . Ph a d. V irtute med me involvo . H or . Involutum
-bellum pacisn omin e . Cic.— PROVOLV ERE, to throw ofl ; to roll befor e.
Jam ego h uno in mediamviam provolvam. Ter .
1 14. Adytum. Penetra le .
ADYTUM, (from at p rivative, and i deal , to enter , togo in) the mostsecret and sacred place of a temp le, wh ich every onewas not permitted toenter . Pergamique in occultis ac remotis templ i , qua p ra te r sacerd otes ad ire fas non est, qua Gra ci album app ellant, tympana s onuerunt. Ga s —PENETRALE, the inmost recess of a house or temple.Penetral ia regum. V irg . Contaminare p enetralia. Liv. Adytumis sa id of sacred places only ; and penetralemay be used in sp eaking ofa p lace eith er sacred or p rofane .
1 15. zEdes. E d i ciam.
JEDES ( in the plural!) exp resses a house either inhabited or empty .
Aidesvenales. Ter . ix pars a dium mearum decima ad Catul ip orticum acced it. Cic. It is not understood of a temp le, but whenj oined to some other word which determines the meaning : a s, Hi dessacra . Cic. Deorum a des. Id f— ZED IFxcwM, an edifice, f ortress,any house or building . Qua a des a d ificiaque intra fines regn i Antioch i sunt.
'
Liv.
1 16. fi des. Templum. Delubrum. Fanum.
ZEDES ( in the s ingula r ) gener a l! expresses a sacred p lace , builtj orthe worsh ip of a divin ity , but wit t the ass istance of augur ies, as
JEdes Vesta . Cic. Ai des Mine rva . Id .— TEMPLUM or ig inally si
lg
nified any extent or space tha t could be seen. Lucida coel i tempLucret. Templa Nep tuni, Plaut., large tracts if sea . Templum,
considered as synonymous with the rest, is a profane p lace, consecratedby augurs . In likemanner the pa laces of Hostilius, Pompeias , and Jul ius were ca lled templa, a lthough they had not been consecrated to anyd ivinity . Temp lum in the mean ing of a temple , exp ressed a build ingmore extensive than delubrum, wh ich was onlya sma ll temp
'
e, or evena part of a temple . The Cap i tol was a temple, templum,
wh ich con
tained th ree small temples, delubra , with in th e same inclosure : Delu.
brum Junonis, Jovis, et Minerva . Cic. Good authors make a proper
28
dis tinct ion between templum and d elubruni. Templorum et delubrorum religi ones . Cic. Deorum d elubris ac templis. Id .
— DELvBRUMwas a place where the statue of thedivin ity stood —TFANUM (fromfari ) was properly a place consecratedfo
r the construction of a temp le.
Sed fanum tantum, 1d est, locus templo efi'
atus j am sacratus fuerat,
ca terumh oc demum anno , ut a dem etiamfieri j uberet in religionem
venit. Liv. Houses consecra ted by the pontifiswere called fana. Pro
fenis atque d elubris p ropugnare. Cic.
ZEDXCULA (diminutive of a des ) is a small temple consecrated to ad ivinity . I isd em d iebus a d iculam V ictoria vi rg in is Cato d ed icavi t.C lCP -E D ICULE ( in the plural ) is a sma ll house. Paupe r fuit, habuit enim a diculas in Labicano. Cic.
1 1 8 . E di/h are. Era difi car e. Struer e. Construer e. Fundar e.
fED I I-‘ ICARE, (a d em facere ) to erect any sort of build ing. JEdi
ficare d omum, p orticum, nevem, h ortos, &c. Cic. Figuratively :fEdificare rempublicam. Cic. ZEd ificare caput, Juv., (speaking of a
w oman’
s head- dress ) .— EXZED I FICARE, tofi n ish a building, to ra ise itvery h igh. Cum d omum atque villas cognover is in urbium inod umexa d ificatas. Sall. Non gravere exa dificare i d opus quod ins tituisti. Cic.
— STRUERE, (from strues ) . l . to p ile up , to ra ise h igh. Mo
les struere. Tac. Opes struere. Liv. 2. to place in order. Aciemstruere. Cic. Figuratively Mendacium struere. Cic.
‘
C omp onereet struereverba. Id .
— CONSTRUERE, (struere cum) to h eap up , to
build up . Ace rvi nummorum apud istum construuntur . Cic. E d i
ficium construere . Id . Figura tively : Cop ia omamentorum uno in
l oco constructa. ClC .
T-FUNDARE, (f romfundus ) tof ound, to lay the
ground-work . Arces fundantem, ac tecta novantem. Virg. Figu
r atively Pra clarefundata respublica. Cic.
1 1 9. E dif icator . Architectus.
JEn rn ca r o n, a build er , a mason . Cur mundi a d ificatores t e
penté ex titer int ? Cic.— ARCH ITECTUS , (f rom aipxr) and r ebxw, to
bu ild ) an a rch itect, a master- builder , a surveyor of a bui lding . Mal ia d ificu dominus gloriabatur arch itectum non h abuisse. Cic. Figur ative/y Arch itectus legis faciend a . Cic. S ic res ord inavit a d ificato r Deus. Id .
1 90. JEgritudo . n rotatio. Morbus.
JEGR ITUDO is generally used for sorrow, care, anx iety , discomf ort,c. and ZEGROTA T IO for bodily s ickness. Sed p roprie ut a grotatio
m co rp ore , s ic a gritud o in animo nomen h abe t. C10 . W h en Cicerosays , quad minus noceant an imi a grotationes quam corp oris , hespeaks Qf the pass ions wh ich last for some time. lVe say li kewise inEngl ish , the diseases of themind. MORBUS , a disease or distemper.Morbum app ellant totius co rp oris cor ruptionem ; a grotationem,
moch um cum imbecillitate. C ic. Qu intus Curt ius has made use ofa gn tudo in speaking of bodily diseases. Animum a gr itud o corpon surgebat. Q . Curt. Gum sanguis corruptus est, aut p ituita red undat,aut bilis in corp ore, morb i a grotationesque nascuntur . Cic.
29
121 . E gritudo. E gr imonw. Molestia . Angor. Anxietas . Cura.
Sollicitudo. Dolor . Ma ror. Ma stit ic . Tr istitia . Afl lcla liOu
fEGR l TUDo , synonymous with the other words, generally s ign ifi estrouble of mind . n ritud o est perturbatio an imi : itaque p ra clar én ostri molestiam, sollicitudinem, angorem, p rop ter snmilitud inema gr orum a gritud inem nominavere. Cic. It is sa id of a present evil.Est a gritud o Op in i o recens mal i p ra sentis. Cic.
— ZEGRIMON IA is a
continued state of sadness or grief. Ferrem graviter, si nova a grimon ia locus esset. Cic.
— MOLEST IA, (f rommoles ) a heavy trouble,or troublesorneness of mind, that folms one every where. Molest ia.est a gr itud o pe rmanens. Cic.
— Ans on, (f romdyxw, to stra iten )anguish , distress. Angor est a gritud o p remens. Cic. Angor ibus
confici. Id .— ANx1ETA s , fretfulness, anx iety . Anx ietas p rona ad
luctum, et ma rens , semp er ipsa se soll icitans. Cic. Estque al iudiracund um esse; aliud iratum, ut d ifi
‘
ert anxietas ab angore . Id .
CURA , (quasi cor urens ) gr ief , trouble of mind. Cura absumi. Ter .At regina gravi j amd udum saucia cura. Virg.
— SOLLIC I TUDO, an
guish of mi nd , solicitude, deep concern . Sollicitud o est a gr itud o cumcogitatioue. Cic. Sollicitud o conscientia vexat impios. Id . Quantame curaet sollicitudine alficit guatas Ter . Cura, says a grammar ian, est in conservatione b on orum ; sollicitud o in metu malorum.
I t may bevery p roperly sa id, Adverso casu perculsum premit angor ;superstitiosum aut animi susp ensum di scruciat anx ietas ; patremfamilias obsid ent sollicitud ines et cura . G. D— DOLOR , pa in, smart,ache. Dolo r est a gritud o crucians. C ic. It is sa id of themind and(
sf the body . Dolor, asp er motus in corp ore . Cic. Summus animiolor . Id .
—M(EROR , d eep and pens ive sadness, habitua l sta te of offl iction . Ma ro r, a gritudo fleb ilis . Cic. Ma rorem minui , d oloremnon potui. Id . Dolor, sa 3 Popma , a gritud o animi afflictivel exmal i alicuj us p ra sentia, ve absentiab on i ; ma ror, contractio an imi ,et d emissio : h ic interi or et gravior ; ille levior et exteri o r.— MmS T I T IA , actua l sadness or mournfulness. Sap i entia est una qua mastitiam pellat ex an imis. Cic.
— TR I ST I T IA , sadness shown outwa rdly .
Lacrymis et tr istitia te trad id isti . Cic.— AFFLICTAT IO , pa in , tor
ment. Afflictatio , a gr itudo cumvexatione co rp oris. Cic.
122. E gr otare. E grescere.
ZEGROTARE, to be sick or ill. Medici leviter a grotantes levite rcurant. Cic. I t is very properly used to expr ess the diseases Qf themind. E grotationes an imi, qualis est avaritia, ex eo quod magn ia stimetur ea res, ex qua an imus a gr otat, or iuntur . C ic. Vitio
animi a grotare. H or . Figuratively : E gr otant in te artes an imitui , Plaut., your tricks ar e of no service to you — ZEGRESCERE, to
more sick, is only said of the soul. Violentia Turn i exsuperatmag is, a grescitque med end o . Virg. Tantum in corde sedens
a grescit cura parentis. Stat.
123. E grotus. E ger .
ZEGROTUS , s ick, ill, isvery seldom sa id but if the body . JEgroto ,dum anima est, sp es esse d icitur . Cic. I t is in a figurative sensethat Terence says, Animum d ecuit a grotum adolescentuli tractare .
- ]EGER, afllicted, endur ing pain, is sa id if both body and mind.
30
l ge r ex vulnere . Liv. Consolantur a gram an imi . Id . Figura .
l ively Mih i vid eo r magnam, et max ime a gram et p rope dep os itam reipublica partem suscepisse. Cic. Good
‘
authors make use g”
a ge r, and not of a gr otus , in speaking y”
animals. Et quat it a grostussis auh ela sues. Virg.
E mular i aliquem, alicui, cum a liquo.
JEMULAR I ALIQUEM,to imitate ( in a good sense ) . Pindar
zljl
;qu isquis stud et amul ar i. H or . Omnes ejus urbis inst ituta laudfacil ius p ossunt, quam a mular i . Cic.
— ZEMULAR I ALIGUI , to envysomebody . H is amulamur qui ea beb ent, qua nos h ab ere cup imus.Cic. E mulat i alicui signifies also to be upon} the squa re with one.
Consummati j am patroni veteribus amulan tur . Quint.— } EMULARICUM ALIQUO , to contend, to dispute with a person for any thing . Nec
mecum amuletur . Liv.
125. E mulatio. Imitatio. Rivulitas .
fEMULAT Io , a desire to equal and even to excel, eith er in a goodor in a bad sense. Imitatio virtutis amulatio di citur ; et est a mulatio , a gr itudo , si eo quod concupier is, alius potiatur , ipse careas .
Cic. Nec ha c invid ia, verum a mulatio est. Ph a d — IMITAT IO ,imitation, is sa id ‘of both vice and virtue. Excellentium h ominumvi rtus imitatione digna est. Cic. Vitium imitatione ex aliquo ex
p ressum. Id . ZEmulatio is generally the cause, and imitatio the
efl‘
ect.
— RI VALITA S,r ivality , is a lways sa id in a bad sense. Illa
vitiosa amulatio , qua r ivalitati sim11is est. Cic. Rivales , says Doletus , a r ivo d icuntur , et sunt p ropriequi per eundem rivumaquamd ucunt, inte r quos sa pé contentio est de aqua usu . Translateverorivales d icuntur qui candem amant. Quam translationem n onnull isumptam volunt a bestiis, qua sitientes, cum ex eodem rivuloh austum petunt, p ra lium contra se invicem concitant ; vel a re
rustica: nam rivales proprie et iam dicuntur i i quorum agros rivusaliquis d eterminat, qui incertitud ine etmutatione crebracursus l itessa p é inter eos suscitat.
126. q ualitas. E quabilitas. E qua tio .
JEQUALe s , equality , evenness, is only used in a figurative sense.Quidam, virtutibus excep tis atque vitiis , ca teta in summa a quali
tate p osuerun t. Cic. E qualitas frate rna. Id — JEQUAB ILITA S , evenness of temper, un if ormity . Pra clara est a quabilitas in omn i vita.Cic. In th is case a qualitas would not be a pr oper word.
— ]EQUAT 10 ,an equal sha re or portion. ZEquatio b onorum. Cic. E quatio fo rtuna et dign ita tis . Id . JEqualitas and a quabili tas would have aqui te difl
‘
er ent mean ing .
127 . E qua re. Ada quare. q ua re. E quiparare.
.
Ja uAn e, in its pr oper sense , is to layfl at and level . Area cump rimi s mgenti a
quanda cylindre . Virg. Figuratively : to equaliz e,
to make equal . nventum est temperamentum, quo tenuiores cum
p r incipibus a quari se putar int. LivJ— ADE QUARE, to make equalor even with . Ut propesummam mur i agger isque altitud inemace rviarmorum ada quarent. Ca s. Ada quare solo , Liv. , to level withthe ground. Figuratively : Cum virtute fortunam ad a quavit. Cic.
3 1
Ada quarunt judices, Id . One half of the j udges were of one opi
n ion and the other ha lf of another.— Es QUARE, to equa liz e perit is very seldomused but in a figurat ive sense . Pecun ia om
mum d ignitatem exa quat. Cic. Omn ia jura p retio exa quavit, Id .
He determined the degree Qf r igh t by th e quantity of money— E QUIPARARE
, to a rr ive at an equa lity wi th . E quiparas magistrum,
V i rg. You ar e equal to your master .
1 a'
s . E que. E qualiter . Pa riter. S imiliter .
BE'
QUE , alike, with equ ity . Benevolentia civium non a que omnesegent. Cic. ZEqué statuere, to decide or command with j ustice andequity .
—]EQUALITER, equally , in equa l parts . .lEqualiter perpolire.
Cic. Z-Equaliter aut sorte agros legionibus assignar i put o opo r tere.
I d .-PARITER , in l i ke manner. La tamur amicorum la tit iaa queac
n ostra, et pariter d olemus angor ibus. Cic. Ut n ostra in amicosbenevolentia illorum erganos benevolentia pariter a qualiterque t espondeat . Cic.
— S IM IL ITER , in the very same manner . Simi literfacis ac si r oges. C ic. Verba qua similiter d esinunt, aut qua ca
dunt similiter. Id .
1 29 . E quus . E qualis. E quabilis. Par . S imilis .
JEQUUS , ( in its p roper sense, ) level, even . q uus et p lanus locus.
Cic. Figuratively : what is constantly thesame. An imus a quus. Cic.
— ZEQUALI S . 1 . Equal, alike. q ualia esse p eccata. Cic. 2. Of thesame age, or cotemporary. Demosth enes max imos oratores h abuita quales. Cic.
— E QUAB ILI S , equable, a lways in the same stra in .
ZEquab ilis p ra da par titio . Cic. Fama a quabili et invi olata. Sal l.- PAR , even in number , equal, l ike. Ut stellatum numerus par animpar sic nesciatur . Cic. Par est quod inter omnes a quabile est.
Id . Erant ei paria cum Crasso qua d am, qua d am etiam sup eri ora.
I d — S IM IL I S , l ike in aspect or in nature, or in any other way. Aquaaqua similis. Plaut. S imilis tum formatummoribus. Cic. Si s imil iutamur fortuna atque usi sumus. Id . Pauci cumviverent intera queles, constant i et a quabili jure regi se an imo semp er a quo ferebant ; neque en im erant omnes Op ibus ac dign itate pares, aut moribus s imiles. G. D .
1 30. E quus. Justus.
JEQUUS , cons idered as synonymous with justus , s ignifies equal,equitable. q ua cond iti o , a quumque certamen p r oponituf . Cic.
Jura a qua d escr ibere. Cic. Ath ena cum florerent a quis legibus.Pha d . Ab a quis veh ementer excolamur et amemur . Cic. —JUSTUS , wh ich is with in rule , lawful, leg itimate, conformable to custom.
Justa uxor. Cic. d usta causa. Id . Jus tus exercitus, j ustum bellum, justus consul . Liv. An army , a war , a consul, all in excellentorder. Jus tus is a lso used f or j ust, equitable. Justus h omo , isquequem b onumvirum d icimus . Cic.
1 31 . Aer . E ther.
AER is proper ly the dense air wh ich we breathe,the atmosphere.
Ae’
rquem sp iritu d ucimus. Cic.
— JETHER is the sky, the pure regi ony a i r above our atmosphere. ZEth er immensus aerem complectitur .
Cic.
1 32. E rarium. Fiscus .
E RARIUM, (f rom a s ) the treasury or exche uer . Meam domum
senatus ex a ran o a dificandam putavit. Cic. 1 30 0 5 was p roperlya grea t bag wh ich contained a la rge sum of money . Muli gravat i sarcin is d uo ; unus ferebat fiscos cum pecun ia. Ph a d . Fi scus has beenused to exp ress the money of the emperor . Quantum a rar io , quantumfisco pend ebant in
quinquennium remisit. Tac. At for tasse non
eadem sever itate fiscum, quaa rar ium, coh ibes : imo tanto maj ore,
plus t ib i l ice re de tuo, quam de publico cred is. Plin. dun .
before C icero’
s time, was the public money : and a ran um,
the money of individ uals.
ZERUGO (f rom a s ) is properly the rust of brass , verdigr iss.Corinth ium in a ruginem incidit. Cic . F
'
uratively: At h a c
mos a rugo cum semel imbuerit. H or . UEIGO , blasting qfand vines, mild ew. Nec ste rilem seges sentiet rubiginem. Hor .
I t erpr esses als o the rust cy“ metals . Nec scab ia et salsa rub igine
ferrum. Virg.— FERRUGO , (fe rri a rugo ) rust (f iron . I t ismostly
used to exp ress colours . Pictus acu ch lamid em, et ferrugin e tinctusIberia. Virg . Figurat ively Animusque mala ferrugin e purus .
Ovid. i . e. a spotless mind.
1 34 . E stimare . Existimar e.
JEST IMARE, (from a s ) to examine, tovalue or set a price upon.
Vulgus exveritate pauca , ex Op ini one mul ta a stimat. Cic. In the
same sense we sayE st imare litem, Cic., to j io: the costs of a law- suit.
E stimare al iquem, in good authors, does not signify to esteema person ,
but to forma j udgement of h im, tovalue him in wh ich sense we saymagn i , magn o , pro nih ilo , plur is, &c. a stimare aliquem.
- Ex rsn
MARE, to j udge, to decide after a sufi‘icient examina tion . Be
ginno
mine d ignum ali nem ex istimare. Cic. I t may be used in t senseof a s timare . A unamquamque rem ex istimandammomentoquesuo p onderandam. Cic. Quorum extant orationes, ex quibus ex
istimari d e ingenus oratorum p o test . Id .
1 35. fEstimatio. Er istimatio.
E STIMAT IO , avaluing or setting a p rice, and the th ings th emselveswh ich arevalued. Non a stimatione census, verumvictu atque cultuterminatur pecunia modus . C ic. Militibus a quafactaa stimationepecuniam p ro h is rebus solvit . Id . In a stimationem accipere,
‘ Id .
to take a th ing f or thevalue set on it. Non eo sis consili o , ut , cumme h ospi tno recip ias , a stimationem te aliquam putes accipere. Id .,
In receiving me into your house as a guest, do not believe you receive anesta te p roperly valued — Exi se A
'
r ro of itself only s ignifies an opin ion. H omo sine ex istimatione, Cic.
, is a man of whom noth ing isthough to or sa id
—Ex istimation i consulere,Id . to endeavour to ma ke
a noi se in the world . Ex istimationem assequi, in the sensequir e esteem, would be a ba rba rism i tmeans esteem,
reputa tion, onlywhen accompanied byan ep ith et that points out such a significat ion.
Fructus bona exi stnmationis. Cic.
34
actee j am Camillus erat. Lin — 53121 3 Pnovscr x ,
JETA S DECof old age.
vecta ze tate
nunc zetate przecip itata commutem, ac ipse me retexa
QZETA S EXTREMA rela tes to the approach ing end of l if e;t itillationes ze tas extrema . C 10 .
d egeudm coustitui t , quod max ime ad amavit .
R ERE is genera lly understood in a bad sense , as we say, to
T erere omnem aetatem in nugis d iscend is. Cic .—E TAT EM
5 11 111 11 11 13, to spend all one’s li e . Quon iam in eo studi o mtatemcon
s umpsi. Cic.
1 41 . zE tatis cursus. E tatis pr ogr essus .
ZETAT I S CURSUS is the course of age, and JET/W i s Pnocnessus
is the advance of age. Cursus est certus eetatis, et viacaque simplex . Cic. C . Caesareximiaquevirtute p rogressum as
142. JEternus. Semp iternas. 1 a
E TERNUS , eternal, wh ich isDeus beatus et wtemus. Cic.
ginn ing, andm aeternum.
is sa id only of things that ar e anima te,some respect personified . i Eteruus i s saidPERPETUUS , perpetual, uninter rupted. Pi
Cic. Illum ignem Vestae p erp etuumENN I S , ( quasi per anuos ) ever lastins tellarum. Cic. Aquae p erennes. d .
j orum non d egeneravit. Id .—J uG1 s ,
puteo .
another sense, and s ignifies an augury taken f rom one of thea teamvoiding his excrements. I t is the interp retation given by
143. Afl'
atim?Satis. Sat. Satis superque.
AFFAT IM, abundantly . Aifatim materiae. Liv. Afih ti
35
Afi'
atim expresses a greater abundance than sat is . Satis est et afi'
atim
pro rsfis . Cic.
144. Afiectio . Af ectus. Motus . Per turbatio.
C icero informs us what we ar e to under stand by the wordAFFECT IO .
Affectio est an imi et co rpo ris al iqua d e causa commutatio , ut laz
t itia , cupid itas . It is the action that inclines themind. An imi tal isafi
‘
ectio , neminem ut vi olem commod imei causa. Cic .— AFFECTUS ,
the dispos ition of the mind, the f eelings. Qualis cuj usque an imi ailfactus est , talis est h omo . Cic. Affectus p ropri os in fabellas transtulit. Ph aed .
— M0 TUS , motion. Deus mo tum d edit ecalo . Cic. Flgtt-u
r atwely Videndum est me an imi motus anature reoedant. Cic.
PERTURBAT IO , the action of troubling , trouble, disturbance, confusion.
Cozli per turbatio, Cic., a storm, a tempest. V idetis in quo mo tutemp orum, quanta in conversi one rerum, et per turbatione versentur . Id . Figuratively i rregular pass ions . Perturbationes fugiamus,i d est, motus animi n imi os, rationi non obtemperantes. Cic. C1
‘
1mper turbationem rat i one d epulerint , et ad , p rimam et op timam afl
'
ec
tionem animi perveneriut . Id . Ex b on is afi‘
ectibus or iuntur motuslaudabiles ; ex pravis, perturbationes . G. D .
1 45. Af erre. Inf er r e.
AFFERRE, (fe rre ad ) and INFERRE, (ferre in ) includ e the idea ofa th ing ca rr ied, and of thep lace where it is ca rr ied to the dif erence between these two word s is , that afl
‘
er re is only to bring the th ing'
to, and
inferre is not only to b r ing it to , but also to bring it into . Afferre epi
stolam. Cic. In urbem inferre. Id . Figuratively Inferre mentiouem, Liv., to makemention of: Inferre crimen al icui, Cic., to accusea person.
146. Afi gere. Infiger e.
AFF IGERE , (figere ad ) tof asten to, to clap close, tofi x upon. ) Prometh eus aflixus Caucaso . Cic. Afligere cruci . Liv. Figur atwelyEa max imenostris an imis aflig i d icebat, quze essent a sensu tradi taatque impressa . Cic.
— INFI GERE, (figere in ) tof asten in, to thrust orshove in. Sag itta infigitur arbore . Virg. Infigere gladium alicui i11
p ectus. Cic. F iguratively : Infixus animo basre t dolor. Cic. Affixus would express less.
147. Afi nis. Propinquus . Agnatus . Cognatus.
AFFIN I S , a rela tive bymar r iage,'
a rela tive qf our rela tions.
afiinis n oster. Cic. One of Ma rius’s family had -been admitted intoCicero
’
s. family . I t signif ies also a neighbour. Ut quisque potentioriaffinis erat, sed ibus pellebantur. Sal . Figuratively Affinis sceleri,
36
a relative, a cousin. Pro red itu Pompeu multi cognati et aflines dep recati sunt . Cic. I t is an axiom in law that agnati are cognat i ; butall cognat i are not agnati . For example, an uncle bythef ather
’
s
is agnatus and Cognatus whereas an uncle by themother’
s side isus and not agnatus, because the mother
er husband sfamily, and was only admitted into it byher marriage.
1 48 . Afi nitas. Prop inquitas.
Ar n x rr a s , aflinity, all iance bymarriage which establishes the rightof a relative between the husband and his wife
’
s rela tions, and likewisebetween the wife and her husband
’
s rela tions .
— Pa 0 P1 NQU1 TAs is anykindred whatever . Cum ill o max imis vincul is et p rop inquitatis et
.afiinitatis conj unctus. Cic.
149 . Afi ictus. E rumnosus. Calamitosas.
AFFLICTUS , (from ad and the obsolete fligere ) pushed or th rownd own, dashed on or aga inst the g round . Statua deturbata et afflicta .
Cic. Navis ad 800pulos afilicta. Fi g uratively Afilictus deb ilitatusquemgr itud ine. Cic . Afli ictus et j am omn i spe salutis orbatus. Id .
Afi lictavirtus max imeluctuosa. Id . Mmrore afll ictus . Id .— ZERUM
N OSUS , (f rom a rumna
Cic.— CALAM I TO SUS , (from ca
is properly a storm of ha il thatmeaning tha t Terence says, n ostrison who was ruining a young or
a ctive o r passive s ignification .
coelo calamitosus . Id . fi guratively CalamitosaCic. Eos qui se aegr itud ini d ederunt, miseros, afli ictos, zeramo
calamitosos putamus . Id . Afflictos excitamus ; susteutamus aenosos ; calamitosis subvenimus. G. D .
150 . f iflligere. Afi'lictar e. Efi ligere.
Ar r u cna e , (f rom ad and the obsolete d igere ) to throw or dash on
the ground , to demolish . Catuli mouumentum afilixit, meam d omumd iruit. Cic. Leon is affliguutur h orrendo imp etu. Ph aed . fi gura
tively to defect , to th row into a stdte (J consternation. Ut me levfirattuns adventus , s ic d iscessus afilixit. Cic.— AFFL l c
'
r ARE, (the f re
quentative of afll igere ) is only used in aficgurative sense : to torment, to
ru in , to undo. H ic tu me accusas, qua me afll ictem, chm ita simafllictus, ut n emo unquam. Cic. De domesticis nostr is rebus acerb issimé afflictor . Id .
— EFFLIGE
above twoverbs, a nd conv s thedo ing . Etil igere lap ide , laut. , to knock down witmisit ad etfligendum Cneium Pompeium, aut cer té
151 . Afl uere. Circumflnere.
37
r atively Res secunda circumfluunt vos. Q. Curt . Circumfluereet abundare omn ibus rebus. Cic.
152. Age. Age ditm. Ag ite ditm. Cedb. Amabo te.
AGE, AG E DUM , AGITE DUM , are pr operly imperatives, and to be
used when a p erson is exhorting. Age nunc, refe r animum. Cic. Agemay be used with a plural number . Age verb, nunc cons iderate. C1c.
Agite requi res to be f ollowed by a verb in the p lural number. Agitedam, ite mecum. Liv. Quare agite, 6 tectis, j uvenes , succed ite
nostr is. Virg.— CEDO , is an exp ress ion of demanding ; tell me, g iveme.
Cedo qui amisisti. Cic. Tell me how you have lost. Cedo tabulas.
Id . Give the reg isters — Amm o TE, (f uture tense of amare ) becomesany body who wants to insinua te h imself. Vide , amab o , num sit domi .Ter. Amabo te, incumbe in eam rem. C ic.
153. Ager . Campus . Arvum. Rus .
AGER is sa id of a fi eld, land, or g round admitting of cultivation.
Ager quamvis fe rt ilis, s in e culture‘
s fructuosus esse non p otest. C ic.
I t is used sometimes instead of rus . Neque agri neque urb is o diumme unquam percipit. Ten— CAMPUS is an extensivep la in, avery largep lace, e ither in town or country . S i p inguis agros metabere camp i.Virg. E gyp tii camp orum patentium aequor ibus h ab itantes. Cic.
Camposque liquentes , Virg ., the sea . Campus Mar tins, Cic . tldars’
s
field, wh ere the Romans h eld th eir assembl ies. fi gura tively Me, ut
ita d icam, ex h oc campo aequitatis ad istas verb orum angust ias, etad omnes l iterarum angul os revocas . Cic.
— ARV UM , (f rom arare )a rable land, or plowed land. Nee sempe r credenda C eres fallacibusarvis. Virg. Squalent abd uctis arva colon is. Id . The same poet hassa id , Nep tunia arva, the sed — HUS includes in its meaning a ll the
country , th ewoods , land s, f ounta ins , in a word a ll th ingswithout cities.Evolare rus ex urbe , tanquam ex vinculis . C ic.
1541 . Ag er pascuus . Ager compascuns .
AGER PASCUUS , (f rom pascere ) afi eld serving for beasts to graz ein. Non arvus h ic qui arar i soleat. sed pascuus est ager. Plaut.AGER COMPA SCUU S is sa id of a common pasture wh erein each inhabitant of a place has a r ight to bring h is cattle . S i compascuus age rest, j us est compascere. C ic.
1 55. Agere cum populo . Agere ad populum.
AGERE CUM POPULO , says Gellius, est rogare qui d p opulum, quodsuii
‘
ragiis suis aut j ubeat, aut V 8 t8 t . — AGERE AD POPULUM est con
cionem h ab ere sine 11 1151 rogatione. Any one amongst the Romans ,with the leave of the ch ief mag istrate, had a r igh t to assemble thepeople to propose laws to them. Cum p opulo patribusque agend i jusest o consuli. Cic.
156. Ag ere fabulam. Facere f abulam.
AGERE PABULAN is sa id of the actor who acts a p lay . Nunc quamactun sumus Menand r i Eunuch um. Ten — PACER } : FABULAM i s
said of the author who composes a play . Populo ut placerent quasfec1sset fabulas . Ter .
157. Agere gratiam, Rg‘
er r e, Habere, Reddere, Facere.
Acnnn GRAT IAM or GRAT IA S , to testify one’
s gratitude by thanks.
Cui senatus singular ibus verb is gratias egit. Cic.— REFERRE GRA
T IA S , to show one’s g ratitude by deeds .— G 11 AT 1A S HABERE, to pr e
serve gra titud e . In ops si refer re gratiam non p otest, h abere certe
p otest. Cic. Max imas tib i gratias ago , maj ores e tiam h abeo . Id .
G ratiam qui refert , h ab et et qui h abet , in eo ipso quod h abet, refert. Id . Cicero h as referre gratiam in a bad sense : Nunc tecumsic agam, ut tulisse p otius injuriam,
quam retulisse gratiam videur .— GRAT IAM REDDERE
, to do a f avour , to return a good qfiice fora good qfiice. Beneficio magn o gratiam red d am parem. Ph aed r a
GRAT I AN FACERE,'
IO excuse f rom, to dispen se with . Jur isj urandi
gratiam facere . Plaut . To excuse f rom or dispense with the relig ion
of an oath .
158 . Aggerare. Er aggerar e. Cumulare. Accumulare . Coacervare.AGGERARE, (gerere ad ) to heap up , to lay on h eaps. Atque ag
gerat ipsis in stabulis turp i dilapsa cadavera tab o . Virg. She heapsup i n the stables the dead bodies of the an imals inf ected with that cruelpo ison. Figuratively Incend itque animum d ictis atque aggerat iras .
Virg. By her discourses she inflames her j ea lousy , and agg ravates herresentment.— EXAGGERARE, to heap up togeth er, to ra ise a h eaph igh er . Qui magnas Op es exaggerare queer it omn i vigilia. Ph aed .
Figuratively Verb is exaggerare beneficium. Cic.— CUMULARE , to
h eap up , to p ile . Altar ia d ouis cumulant. Virg. Figura tively : Cumulare
‘
benefacta. Cic. Cumular i gaudi o . Id .— ACCUMULA RE, to add
one heap to anoth er . Auget, addit, accumulat aurum, argentum ex
Cic.— COACERVARE , (f rom cum and acervus ) to lay on
to amass together . H is adj ectis et coacervatis cad aver 1bus.Ci Coguntur et coacervantur d ivitiae. Cic.
159 . Aggregare. Congregare .AGGREGARE , from ad and grex ) is properly to add to a flock. I t
is only used in a figurative sense ; to a ssocia te, tociety. Ego te semp er in n ostrum collegium ag
ist i . Id . to assemble together . Congregare cum 1onibusvulp es . Mart . Figuratively H omines disp ersos et d1$s1patos unum in locum congregare . Cic .
160. Ag itare . Oiere. V ibrar e.
AG ITARE , (frequenta tive qf a ere ) to ag itate , to drive on. Sarpiusventis agitatur i ngens p lans. or. Atomi pellunt seipsas, et agitantur inter se concursu fortui to . Cic. Alias aves insectatur e agitat
aqui la . l d . Figura t ively : Infid os agitans discordia fratres . Virg .
Ipse longe aliter agitabat an imo . Cic . Agitare gaudium atque lazt 1tia m. bal To show one's j oy by transport «ymind — C r i me ,
cite . C iere mo tus. Cic. Natures ista sunt omn ia cientis et agitantis
mo tibus suis. Id . Ciere isverypr operly used wh en we speak of painand of tea rs. Fletus ciere . Vi rg . The e i e re patrem of Livy h asquite a dif ferent mean ing : it s ignifies, to decla re who is one
’
s fa th er .
39
— VIBRARE, tovibrate, to quiver as the string if an instrument does .
t sparqere venena. Cic . Fa dare in pulvere crimes
ferr o . irg . To tra il in the dust one’s ha ir skilfullymare . Cic. Demosth enis non tamvibrareut fulmina
isi numer is contorta ferr entur . Figuratively Oratio incitatabrans . Cic. An an imated and vehement speech .
161 . Agricola . Ruricola . Arator . Vi llicus . Colonus .
AGRICOLA , (agrum colens ) one who tills the ground, a husbandman . 0 fortunatos n imium, sua si b ona nor int, agricolas ! Virg.
Arbo res seret d iligens agricola. Cic.— RURICOLA , ( rus colens ) one
living in the country , one t illing or manuring the ground. Ha ceineruricola paterentur monstra. Col.
’
I t is applied even ~ to an imals;Ruricolasque b oves leth o ded it. Ovid . Dona tus ma intains that agricola aratrummay be sa id, grounded on th is verse of Ovid : Temp oreruricola pati ens fit taur us aratri . As if ruricola could not be go
ver ned of taurus, or aratri , the ox , or p lough of the husbandman.
ARA TOR , a p lougher or tiller, wheth er he be propr ietor or farmer ofthe land. Stiva innixus arator , Ovid . , the husbandman lean ing on the
h andle of h is plough . Cicero distinguishes him from the prop r ieto r .Incolumis numerus manebat d ominorum et aratoru m.— V 1 LL10 US ,
(villam colens a stewa rd in the country , a ba ilifiP in the manor . Si
mandandum iquid p rocuratori d e agr iculture, aut imperand umvill ico sit . Cic. Catullus says in a figurative way, villicus a rarii ;a nd Juvenal, villicus urb is : but both in a sa ti rical j oke.— COLONUS ,( f rom a farmer. Qui colonus h abuit cond uctum de Cmsennafundam. Cic.
162. Ala . Penna . Pluma .
ALA , a wing . Gal li cantu plausuque p remunt alas. Cic. It is
understood of the arm-p it or arm-hole . Gubat h ircus in al is. Hor .
Figuratively Ala ventorum, V i rg . , the SGilS .- PENNA prop erly sig
nifies the g rown f eathers or qu ills in a wing , and by extensi on , the
win s themselves . Pennas pavon i qua d eciderant sustulit. Ph a d .
Gal ina pullos p enn is fovent, ne fr igore la d antur . Cic.— PLUMA ,
sma ll and sof t f eathers tha t cover the bodies (f bi rds . Versicolores
p luma columbis ad ornatum data sunt . Cic. Dix i te pennam te
n ere ; mentitus sum, tantum p lumam tenebas . Sen ec.
163. Ala . Cornu .
ALA, in the tactics cf the Romans, s ign ifies the wings of an army ,
or the horse on each side fl ank ing the f oot, j ust as wings arefi r ed tothe bodies of birds : wh ich method is still used in our armies. Ala sin istra equ ites. Sal. Ala p ra fectus. Lin— Comms ign ifies likewisethe wing of an a rmy . Equ ites p ro cornibus locare . Liv. Dextrumet sinistrum cornu, Cic., the r ight and the left wing of an army .
Ala is sa id of the horse and cornu of the foot.
164 . Alb'
ere. Albescere. Exa lbescere.
ALBERE, to be wh ite. Can is capillis alb et caput. OVid .- ALBE
scene , to become albescens animos ca illus. H on—ExA p anscnae , to turn pa le, to becomevery wh ite. xalbesceremetu.
C ic. Si qui fremerent et exalbescerent. 1d . Thef oregoing exp ressi ons seemused in a figurative sense.
165. Albus. Candidus . Canus .
ALBUS ismore commonly sa id of a natural whi teness . Alba avis.
C ic. Alba nix .— CAND IDUS is sa id of a bright and sh in ing white
Lilia candida. V i rg . Figuratively Animze cand id ioresCandidavita. Cic. Purum et candidum d icend i genus . Id . Can
d ida h ora, Ovid., a f avourable hour or t ime. Cand idus lector, Id . ,
a s incere and impartia l reader . Aliud est, says Servius, cand idumess e , i d est, quad am n itenti luce perfusum ess e ; al iud album, quod
p allori constat esse vicinum. Those who put up for placeswere calledcand idat i by the Romans , f ront the wh ite garments th ey wore .
GANUS , hoary, turned wh ite on account of old age. Caui cap ill i . Hor.
Figurat ively : Cana fides . Virg . Sometimes good authors have usedpr omiscuously albus and candidus.
166. Alere. Ntttr ire.
ALERE, in its p roper sense, s ignifies to fi nd one in victuals and
clothes . Cum agellus cum non satis aleret. Cic. Neminem esse divitem, n is i qui exercitum alere possit. Id . Figuratively Alereb ellum. Liv. Dicend i assid uitas aluit audaciam. Cic.
— NUTRI RE,to nurse, to suchle, or f eed young ones. Balenze mammis faetus nu
tr iunt. Plin. Figuratively : to encouru e, to abet. Pr ivatorum nu
t rit e audacias . Cic. Amorem nutri re . vid . Infantemnutr it sedulamul i er, d eind é alunt parentes . G. D .
167. Alga . Ulva.
ALGA, sea-weed. Vestiun t algalittus inutili . Hor . It is also sa idof weeds growing in pools and standing wa ters . V irid es in alga
s miseréfugientes raunt . t d . A l ittle bef ore he had sa id ad lacum -ULVAis only used to er p r ess the reeds or weeds growing in pools and standingwaters. Limosoque lacu per noctem obscurus in ulvé d elitui . Virg.
1 68 . Alicubi . Aliqub.
ALICUB I , somewh ere o r in some p lace ; any wh ere, in any place,(without motion ) . Si salvus sit Pompeius, et constiterit alicubi . Cic.
(ad aliquem locum) to some p lace, or anywh ith er, (withmotion) . Aliqub p rofugiet militatum. Ter .
169 . Alib. Alibi .AL16
c(ad alium locum) to another p lace. S tatuamArp inum ne
mih i eun em sit , an qub Cic . S i man ere h ic sese maluit, quiimal id nub ere . Plaut . In th ef orego ing sentences a change if place isexp ressed by ali6 .
—_AL I B I , elsewh ere , in another place , (without any
motion ) . Quaz nusquam inesseut alib i ve ri et cert i notat. Cic .
1 70 . Aliunde. Alicunde.A L I UNDE, fi om some other place or person . An al iunde pretiosi
o ra op era all'
eruntur Plin .-AL1CUNDE, f rom some place or other
f rom somebody or someth in tr . Ven it med itatus alicund é . Ter.
1 71 . Aliorsitnt . Alioversti m.
.ALIORSUM, and Amovs nsuu , towards another place ; w ith thisd tfi erence
, that allorsum is used in both the p rop er and thefigurative
177. Allevatio . Allevamentunz.ALLEVAT I O , the act of ra ising or l i/l ing up . Humerorum rar6
d ecens allevatio . Quintil . Figuratively : the act of rel ieving, or assuaging pa in,
the relief itself g iven . Ut d oloris d iuturnitatem all evatio consoletur . Cic.
— ALLEVAMENTUM, the ease or comfort received. In adversis sine ullo remed i o atque allevamento p ermanere.Cic.
178 . Allicer e. Allectare. Delinire. Attraher e. Compellere.
ALLICERE, (fromthe obsolete lacire to seduce ) to allure, to entice,to wheedle. Allicit h omines ad d iligend umvi rtus. Cic. FigurativelyMagn es lap is ferrum ad se allicit, et attrah it. Cic.
— ALLECTARn,
( its f requenta tive to per suade by a llurement, adds to the idea of allicere. Ad agrum ruendum non mod6 non retard at, verum etiammvitat atque
,allectat senectus. Cic.
—DELIN IRE, (from len is, soft,smooth , ) to allure withfl attering words } it is only used in afigurativesense. Delinire animos p raeda, p retio, sermone . Cic. Allicere wouldnot sign ify the same th ing . Animum ad olescentis pellexit iis omn ibus quibus illa aetas cap i ac d elinir i p otest. Id . ( trah ere ad ) denotes a sort of violence to drag on for cibly . BI S ad sub
sellia attractus. Cic. Figuratively : Ad amicitiam n ih il tam allicitet attrah it, quam similitud o morum. Cic.
— COMPELLERE, (pellerecum) to compel, dr ive , or bring together. Compellere greges inunum. Virg. Ad rivum eun dem lupus et agnusvenerant s it i compuls i . Ph ard . Figuratively Allici beneficiis, et compelli inj uriis.
Cic. The d ifl'
ere nce between allicere and compellere is str iking in thelast example.
1 79 . Allidere. Collid ere. Ill id ere.
ALL IDERE,Sla dere ad ) to dash or th row any thing ainst, or on.
Allis it caput a ost ium. Caes . Navem ad scopulumgfiisit . CicCOLL IDERE , (laed ere cum) to beat , knock, or bru ise together , or one
again st anoth er . Humor itamollis est, ut facilep remi , collidiquep ossit . Cic. Manus collidere . Quint. Figuratively : G razcia bar
barian lento collisa duello . Hor .—ILL IDERE , ( laadere in ) to bru ise,
to thrust into . Illisit duros cestus in ossa. Virg.
1 80. Alloqui aliquem. Alloqui cum a liquo .
ALLOQUI ALIQUEM, to speak to , or address oneself to a person. Tenunc alloquor , Africane . Cic. Populum alloqui. Liv.— ALL0 QUI
CUM ALIQUO , to converse or discourse with any one. All oquebaturfamd nartter cum i ll is. Q. Curt .
18 1 . Alloquium. Colloquium.
ALLOQUHJM , (loqui ad ) is generally sa id of a consol ing and k inddiscourse. Allocutum, says Va rro , mulieres ire aiunt, cum eunt adaliquem locum consoland i causa. Illic omne malumvino cantuquelevato d efor mis aegr imoniee, ac d ulcibus alloquiis . H or . Endeavourto assuage your sorrows byf easts, music, and the consol ing discoursesof your f r iends. Firmatos alloquio adolescentes. Tad — COLLOQUIUM, ( loqui cum) a ta lk ing with , conversa tion ,
interview . S ererecolloquia cum aliquo . Liv. To converse with one. Pr iusquam di
43
micent opus esse colloquio. Id . Amicorum absentum colloquia,Cic. Colloquium includes the idea of two persons talk ingalloquium only supposes one person speaking .
1 82. Allucinar i . Allud ere. Al ludere.
ALLUC INARI , (f rom Inn ) to be unable to face the
est. Cic. It is sa id of inanima te th ings . Quemadmodum coram cumsumus, n ob is d eesse non solet ; sic ep istola nostra d ebent interdumallucinar i . Cic.
— ALL UD ERE, ( ludere ad ) to p lay and sport with or
about or nea r one. Intempestivequi occupato alluser it. Ph a d . Pi
gur ative/y: to allude to or speak in ref er ence to another. Alludens
varié . CIC . Mak ing d ifikrent allus ions .— ABLUDERE, (ludere ab ) to
play af ar of . It is not used but‘
in the figura t ive sense, and signifies,to be unli ke. Ha c a te non multum abludit imago . Hor .
1 83. Alluvies. Alluvio . Circumlavio . Eluvies . Eluvio . Diluvies. ’
D iluvium. Illuvies. Colluvies. Colluvio . Proluvies. Proluvium.
ALLUV Io, says Doletns , immoderata aquarumviolentia, vel fluvial ium, vel pluvxalium, vel similium, qua non tantum agros confun
d it, sed quand oque erip it , et nonnunquam fund itus destruit.— C I R
CUMLUV I O est, cum partem alicuj us agri rapid us amn is in alveumsuum irnpuler it, et in modum insula circumvolvitur . Sed cum parsalicuj us agri imp etu fluminis aggregatur in al ium agrum, tunc cedi tin p ossess i onem ejue, cujus est ager circumluvio j ure vicinior is est.Fromwhence
,alluvionum et circumluvionum jura. Cic.
— ALLUV IES
pro sordidaaquap on i volunt, qua alluit, ub i lutum cum aquanonmulta. In p rox ima alluvie pueros exponunt . Liv.— PROLUV IES ,immund ities, abundantia cuj usque re i sord ida . Roma , et max imeApp iavia ad -Mart is a dem mira p roluvies , magnavis aqua usque adp isclnam publicam. Cic. H ie sine immunditie intelligi p otest p roaquarum red undant ia, vel pluviamax ima. Fa d issimaventris p roluvies . Virg . Qua res tam rep entemores immutavit tuos Quod
proluvium Qua est ista sub ita largitas ? Ter .— ILLUV I ES est im
mund itia in h omine , aut veste , aut re qufwis alia insita aut inj ecta .
Infuscat p ectus illuvi e scab rum. Cic . Fann is obsita, n eglecta, immunda illuvi e . Ter . Dira illuvies immissaque barba. Virg .
— COL
LUV IES , s ordes ca n i , aut cuj usvis rei coacta . Te in certaminevincicum illo faci lius patiare, quam cum h oc in ea, qua persp icitur , fu
tura colluvie regnare . Cic. Tunc et iam nantium serpentumque
p est es, ca no et fermentatacolluvi evenenatas mittit . Cic. Ille nefar ius omn ium scelerum colluvione natus. Cic .
— ELUV I O mag isdelet, quam expurgat . Collectis ca ter is cansis eluvionis . Cic. Elu
vi ones exustionesque ter rarum. Id . Ab alterapart e voragines, eluviesque pra rup ta sunt. Liv. Tu ad illam lab em atque eluviem civitatis p ervenire potuisti . Cic.
— DILUV IES , quando immod icis imb ribus vel vexatur terra, vel obruitur . H orrendem cultis diluvi emmeditatur agris . H or . Fera diluvi es irritat amnes. Id .
— DILUV I UM,
i nundatio . Non si tellurem effundat in undas d iluvio miscens, ca;
lumve in tartara solvat. V i rg. V irg i l calls the overthrow of Troy d iluvium. Diluvi o ex ill o totvasta per a quora vecti .
l 84 . Alternas . Mutuus.
ALTERNUS , (f rom alter ) that is done byturn, everyother or second.
Altemo p ede terram quatere. H or . Al tera is aums a grotat. Ca s.
H e is ill every oth er year . Alternus se rmo . H or . A conversationwherein everyone speaks in turn.
— MUTUUS , mutual, reciprocal. Mu
tuum in ann citia est , cum par voluntas accip itur et red d itur . Cic.
In amici mutuabenevolentiaconquiescere. Id .
1 85. Altus. Profundus.
ALTUS , h igh , deep . Coelum al tum. Cic. Mare al tum. Id .
H omo sap i ens et altamente pra d itus . Cic. Altus do or.ta quies. Ovid .
- PROFUNDUS , immensely h igh or deep , con
cave, hollow. Profunda altitud o . Liv. Ca lumque p rofundum. Virg .
Mare p rofundum. Id . Altum would ofl’
er a d ifl‘
erent id ea . Figural ively Cup id o p r ofunda imp eri i et d ivitiarum. Sal. Alta would notexp ress the same th ing .
1 86 . Altus . Arduus. Celsus. Excelsus . Pra celsus . Editas. Sublimis .
Procerus .
ALTUS , cons id ered as synonymous with the other s, s ignifies h'
h,lofty . V ia alta atque ardua . Cic.
— ARDUUS , steep , inaccessible.
censu d ifficili et arduo erat epidum. C ic. Figuratively ArduamoIiri . Ovid .
— CELSUS , (f rom the obsolete cello , to exceed ) high , stately ,lty
’
ty. Ce lsa turres . H or . fi gurat ively Vir celsus et e rectus, etomn ia, qua uccidere p ossunt, d esp iciens. Clc.
—EXCEL SUS , of a
g reat elevation . Ostendebat Carth aginem d e excelso quadam loco .C ic. t uratively Altus et excelsus, et h umana d espiciens .
‘ Cic.
Pinx it te natura ad omnes virtutes magnum et excelsum. Id . PRE
a sus rises above the idea inexcelsus , and s ignifies extremely h igh .
Em '
rvs , (d atus e) ra ised above the level. Enna est loco pra celsoa tque edito . Cic. Enna stands on a rising ground, and on the h ighestpa rt of that ground. ( sup ra limum) ra ised above the
g round. Ha c locutus sublimis ab it. LIV . Figuratively Versus subl imes. H on— Pnocnaus , very ta ll, very
'
long. Procera arbores .
H or . Procerus h ab itu. Tac. Of a gigantic stature.
1 87. Amandar e. Ablegar e. Relega re . Aquti et igni Interdicere.
AMANDA RE, (mandare a) to send away , to set f urther of , to re
move , wi thout determin ing either time ar p lace. Me expulso , Catoneamand ato . C ic. Amandat h ominem : quo ?Lilyba um. Id . F
égu
rat ively Sic natura res similes p r oenl amand avit a sensibus . ic.
— ABLEGA RE, ( legare ab ) to send one out of the way, who h inders adesign , or in any w ay displeases . H onestos h omines, qui causum no
rant, ab legarat . C ic . Sub i d tempus pueros venetum ablegavit.Liv. He sent the young men on a hunt ing-
party , in order to keep themout of the way.
— RELEGARE , to send away f o r , to ban ish , to ex ile.Cato Cyp rum relegatur . Cic . A person was ban ish ed ( relegatus )for a fi xed or indeterminate time
,but a lways to a determined p la ce,
which it was f orbid den to quit. In quinquennium relegat. Cic. It
45
was a punishment inflicted by a mag istrate. Figuratively . Ambitione relegate. Hor . W ithout courting yourf avours — AQUA ET I GN Ii nr nnn rcnnn, was very nea rly what is called amongst us a banish
ment for life . It was forbidd en to assist the exiles with water or fi re.Ut Tull i o aqua et igni interd icatur . Cic. Forbid Tully the use offi re and water .
1 88 . Antare. Adamare. Deamare. Redantar e. Dil igere.
AMARE , to love cordia lly . Quid autem est amare , n isi velle b onis,aliquem aflici quammax imis , etiamsi ad se ex iis n ih il red eat . Cic.
— ADAMARE, to love greatly . H a c si persuaser is t ib i, et vir tutemadamaveris, amare enim parum est . Cic. Omnes matres amant liberos suos, tanquam adamarent. Qu i 11 t . to love early ,to love to excess . Na ego sum fortunatus ; d eamo te, Syre . Ter.REDAMARE, to love h imwho loves us , to lovemoaturely. C icero a lwaysj oins some corrective word to it. An imus qui vel amare, vel, ut itad icam, redamare possit . Cic. Ut red ameris, ama. Vida. Amarelikewise signif ies, to take a th ing k indly of one. Te multum amamus
,
quod ea abs te d iligenter curata sunt . Cic. Sometimes it expresses,to l i ke, to fi nd agreeable. Equidemvalde Ath enas 1psas amo . Cic.
— DIL IGERE ezp r esses a love f ounded on and created byvi rtue and
esteem. Ego admiratione quedamvi rtut is ej us, illeviciss im Op ini onefottesse n onnulla quam d e me ls mor ibus h abebat , me d ilex it. Cic.
Amare is more expressive than di ligere . Quis erat qui putaret ad cumamorem quem erga te h abebam, p osse aliqui d accedere ? Tantumacces: it, ut mih i nunc d enique amare videar ; antea dilex isse. Cic.
1 89 . Amice. Amanter . Ama torie.
AMICE, fr iendly, like a true f riend. Amicissimevivere. Cic.
AMANTER, lovingly , courteously , afi'
ectionately. Amanter rogitare .C ic.
— AMATOR IE, l ike a lover , amorously , is the efi'
ect of pass ion.
Erat amatorie scrip ta ep istola . Cic.
1 90 . Amicus . Amator . Famil iar is.
AMICUS , a friend, one who s incerely and constantly loves . Amicimax ima amo ri s conSpiratione consentientes. C ic . Vi ta inculta etdeserta ab amicis non p otest esse j ucunda. Id .
-AMAT0 R , a lover,one who has a natural afl
'
ection to any one, or th ing . Ruris amatores .
H or . Sap i ent ia amator . Cic. It very (Jten is used to exp ress oneloving pass ionately. Non solum amicus, verum etiam amator . Cic.
Longe al iter est amicus atque amator . Plaut. - FAM IL IA RIS, (fromfamilia ) one of n igh or long acqua intance . An ego non ven i remcontra al ienam p ro familiari meo .
9 Cic . Figuratively . Hab ere amicos quibuscum possis familiares confer re sermones. Cic. Quosdamfamil iares h abent scelesti ; amicumvero nullum. G. D
1 9 1 . Amicitia. Amor . Benevolentia. Cha ritas. Pietas.
AMIC I '
I‘
IA , fr iendsh ip , attachment. Amicitia estvoluntas ergaaliquem rerum bonarum,
illius 1p sius causa quemH
d il igit, cumvoluntate . Cic. Amicitia n ih il al iud est, n i si omnium d ivinarumhumanarumque rerum cum benevolentia et char itate summa con
sens1o . Id .- AMOR is as it were the bond and tie of f ri endsh ip , the
very sentiment g”love. Amor ex quo amicit ia est nominate , est p rin
I0 o o
cipium ad benevolentiam conj ungendam. Cic. Amor am10 1t1a .
Amor in amicitia quatenus p rch aritate et amore cemuntur .
amor is act ing with more l iveliand
GSt
levins mih imeritis e rga me
1 92. Ambiguus . Anceps. Dubius .
AMB IGUUS, (from amb o and agere ) ambiguous, of doubtful meaning , that may be taken severa l ways . Amb iguum, cum dua
ren tes sententia accip i possunt . Cic. S i quando allud i
Jus ancep s n ovi . H or . (quasi dua via ) doubtful,ta in, undecided or undetermined. cam equites p roenl vis i not err ore ab d ubiis quinam essent c0gnit1 . Liv. Persp icuis dub iaaper iuntur ; d ub iis p ersp icua tolluntur . Cic. A f east, whereare so many dishes tha t a man knows not wh ich to eat cf , is dub iaca na ; but amb igua ca na is a banquet half
‘
meat and half j ish servedup together . Amb igua secur is would be an improp er express ion ; as
well as ancipitem or d ub iam ( instead of ambiguam) in the amb iguamtellure riova Salamina futuram of Horace because it is the name ofSalamin tha t will be equivocal.
1 93. Ambire. Cingere. Redimire. Circumdare. Circunzducere.
AMB I RE, (dual, circum, im, ire ) to encompass on several sides, ona ll s ides. Terram amb it aer . Cic. O ras ambiit auro . Virg .
— C IN
GERE, to surround. Comam lauro cingere . Cic. Cingitur et con
clud itur urbe p ortus . Id . fi guratively C ingi per icul is . Cic.
Rnn lmmn, to encircle, to trim round, is properly sa id of ri bbands,festoons , crowns offl owers, Sert is red im1ri . Cic. Redimibat tem
p ora infula. Virg .— C IRCUMDARE, to compass about, to environ or ea
close horiz ontally. N ova ma nia circumd edi t Opp id o . Cic. An imamc ircumded it co rpo re Deus. Id . Terra quas i quibusdam redimita et
circumdata cin ulis , e quibus d uo max ime inter se d iversi . Cic.
Figurat ively inibus ex iguis munus oratoris circumdat e , Cic., to
confi ne the orator with in a small compass .— C IRCUMDUCERE, to lead
about or a round. Aratrum circumd ucere. Cic. Figuratively . Circmn ducere aliquem per dolés . Plaut .
1 94. Ambi re. Af ectare. Capture.
Autumn, in a figurative sense, may be consid ered as synonymouswith afl
'
ectare : it then s ignifies to standf or or make an interestfor anything. It ts customary to surround those whose sufi
'
rages and favour
47
a re sought for . Sollicitis precibus amb ire aliquem. H or . Quod sicomitia placet in Senatu h ab ere , petamus , ambiamus. Cic. Neu
connub iis amb ire Latinum [Eneadae poss int . Virg. In order to prevent the Troj ansfrom enticing La tinas by a ma rriage .— AFFECTA RE ,earnestly to endeavour or follow af ter , to seek f or over much. N ol iafi’ectare quod tib i non est datum. Ph azd . Afl
'
ectare regnum. Liv.— CAPTARE, (f requentative of cap ere ) to lie in wa it or go about totake to seek af ter with care. Captare fr igora . Virg. To t to coolone’s self . Cap tare p lausus. Cic. Cap tare occas ionem. I Simemendacii cap tas, non p otes me cap ere . Plaut . If you wish to con
vict me Qf having told a lie, you sha ll not succeed in it.
1 95. Ambitio .
‘Arnbitus .
AMBIT IO , a going about in a urative sense, a strong desire ofhonours and glory . Ambitio nih il iud est , quam immoderata cu
p id itas h on orum aut gloria . Cic. Me ambitio qua d am ad h ono rumstad ium d ux it. Id . Ambitio signifies also a suing for favour, courtsh ip , va in-
glory , ostentation. Ambitione relegatadicere possum. I
may say so without suing f or our favour. . Amb itiosus is often takenin the last sense. Quibus L. ucullus tantum laudi s impertit, quantum non amb itiosus imp erator. Cic.— AMB ITUS, in its proper sense,is a ci rcuit , a way about . Et p roperant is aquae per amoenos amb itusagros . H or . Figura tively a mak ing interest for a p lace, steps takenin order to ra ise one
'
s self h igher in l itum irrepere adh ono res. Tao. Ambitio is the cause, and amb itus the (fleet.
1 96 . Ambros ia . N ecta r.
AMBROS IA , (f rom a p rivat ive and Bpwog, mor talis ) ambrosia , thef ood (y the God $ .
— N ECTAR , f rom re pr ivat ive and xr eirw,to cause
death ) the dr ink of the gods , an immortal drink. N ectar et amb ros iam, latices epulasque deorum. Ovid .
1 97 . Ambula re. Deambula re . Inambula re. Obambulare. Spatiar i.
AMBULARE , to go on f oot, to go about, to take a walk. Si rectérambulavit is qui h anc ep istolam tulit, in ipsum tuum diem incid it.Cic. Ambulare in sole . Id .
— DEAMBULARE is only sa id of tak inga walk. Ubi satis erit d eambulatum, quiescemus . Cic.
— I NAMBULARE, to walk , to take a walk with in a p lace. Ante solem inambulaham domi . Cic.
— OBAMBULARE, to walk befor e o r round. Qbamb ulantes ante vallum portasque.
"
Liv. Gemebund us obambulatJEtnam. Ovid .
— SPAT 1AR 1 , (f rom spatium) to go up and down a
p lace. Et so la in s iccasecum spatiatur arena. Virg. She walked byherself on a lonely part of the share. In Xisto spatiari. Cic. Deambulamus ad volup tatem ad sanitatem ; seepe cogitabundi spat iamur. G. D .
1 98 . Ambulatio . Ambulacrum.
AMBULAT I O , the ex ercise of wa lking , the p lace to walk in. Ambulationem p omer id ianam conficere. Cic. Nostram ambulationemvehm, cum poteris, invisas. Id .
— AMBULACRUM is only saiduy'
the
p lace. JEdificarevult h ie in suis et balneas, et ambulacrum, et portxcus. Plaut.
1 99. Amens. Demens. Ez cors . Vecors. Insanus . Vesanus.
AMEN S is a man ag ita ted by such aviolent pass ion that he is ahis wits and bes ide h imself. Amens exterr ita monstr is. Virg.
me tam amentem putas , nt apud imflper itos isto mod o loquar ? Cic.
— D£ MEN S is a man who is deficient in po int of sense and sound j udgement in certa in things . In tranquill o tempestatem Optare dementisest. Cic. The two above adj ect ives ar e sometimes used indiscr iminately .
Nec minus illud acute quo d an imi afl'
ectionem lumine ment is carentem nominaverunt amentiam, eandemque d ementiam. Cic.
— Ex
co ns , hea rtless, sp i ritless, not f eeling as oth er people do. Neque tueras tam excors tamque demens ut nescires , &c. Cic.
— V £ cons ,rash,f ool ish , impertinent. O vecors et amens ! Cic. Audaciavecors .
Liv.— INSANUS (non sanus ) is he who , ruled byan imperious passion,cannot listen to thevoice of reason . Tun e msanus e ris , s i acceperis ,
an magis excors rej ects p raed a quamMercurius fert .
9 H or . H omines prorsus ex stultis msanos facit. f er . Insan itas animi , quamvocamus insan iam. Cic.
— VESA NUS, a man so far overcome bya passionas to be i n a kind of deli rium. H omo vesanus et furi osus. Cic. De
mens est qui p ennis non h omini dat is in coelum evolare contendit.
Amens est qui filium amissum dolens , Deum 1psum incusat. Ve
cordem eum d ixer im, qui mulierculae causfi amicum perdat aut
etiam j ugulet. Excors videatur qui comparand az laud is opp ortun i:tati j ocum futilem anteponat . Quis neget insanum esse cum qui
vi rtuti s ostentanda: cup idus frustra p ericulum arcessat .
9 Vesani
carminum recitatoresmolesti sunt. G. D .
200. Amictus . Arniculum. Vestis . Vestitus. Wstimentum.
AMICTUS (f rom amicire ) is sa id of any th ing used to wrap up orto envelop . Purpureos mo rituramanu d iscind it amictus . Virg.
amictui est Scyticum tegmen. Cic.— AMICULUM , an upper ga rment,
or cloke , either for men or women. Summa quazque amicula exuunt.Q. Curt . Amiculum grand i p ondere . Cic a ll manner Qfclothes used to cover either the body , or the f urn iture of a house. Au
ratis mutavitvestibus atras . Ovid. Stragula vestis, Cic. , a counter
p ane or coverlet used by the anci ents f or a n igh t covering . Frustra Jamvestes, frustramutantur amictus. Gatul. Vestis is said of anyth ingtha t covers. Aurea carsaries ollis , atque aurea vestis, V irgiJ. , speaking Qf the beard wh ich covers the face . Imperat aetas impubemmoll i
pubescere veste . Lucret. Vestiebantur tabulis, C ic. , they were covered with p ictures .
— V esr 1 r us , apparel, cloth es. Pulch errimo vesti tu et o rnatu regal i . Cic. Victus vestitusque n ecessarius. Id . It
a lso s ign ifi es a ny th ing that covers . Montiumves titus d ens iss imi.C ic. Figuratively . Vestitus orationis . Cic .
— VEST IMENTUM, avestment to cover the body only . Calceos et vestimenta mutavit . Cic.Grammarians observe that vestimentum is especially said of men
’
s
clothes, and vest is of women’
s atti re .
201 . Amita Matertera .
AN ITA , an aunt bythe f ather s sid e, the father s s ister . Qui ux or isumCluentiae, quaz amita h uj us h ab ita fuit, &c. Cic.
— MATERTERA
(Squas i mater alters ) , an aunt by the mother
'
s s ide, themother’
s sister.Acule o, quo cum erat nostra matertera. Cic.
50
arnplector talern animum. Cic. Quod ego pluribus verb is ampleoterer , s i , tire. Id . 1 should expatiate more on that subj ect, if, &c.
AMPLEXAIH, (f requentative qf amrslecti ) to embrace heartily , tofisld
close in one sarms. Inimicum meum sic amp lexabantur , sic fovebantr &0 C10 . Figuratively Am
plexari ot ium. Cic.
— COMPLECTI,to embrace, to clasp to ether in one s a rms. Lacertis comp lectimembra ah CUJus . Owd .
'
éC
'
omplectitur vitis suis claviculis quidquid'
estnacta. C1c. Figuratively : Omnes omn ium ch aritates patria unacomplexa
o
estl Cic. Complecti aliquem benevolentia. Id . 0 11 0verb o omma complecti. Id . Ph ilosophiam complecti. Id . Amplectiwould be less exp ressive. Complecti is likewise used to expr esstectzng, defending . Ego vos in omn i fortunecomplectar . Cic.
207. Amplexus. Osculum. OsculatiO. Bas ia. Suavium.
AMPLEXUS , an embrace, a hug. Amplex ibus avidis inhwOvid.
— O SCULUbiI , (a because the mouth is contractedin kiss ing.) a kiss . Amplexaeque tenent p ostes atque oscula figi mt.Virg. Osculummeans a kiss of politeness . Dividere oscula sodalibus.
’ Hor . —OSCUL‘
AT 10 is the act of k iss ing . Non flagrantiaocul o rum, non l ibertate sermonis, sed e tiam osculatione. C ic.— BAS IA
,
k isses of tenderness.’
Dat basia mille . catula—SUAV IUM, an amorouskiss . Suavium dulci dulcins ambrosia. Catul. Good authors makea p roper distinction between the above words .
208 . Amp l ia re Amplificare. Augere. 4daugere.
AMPL IA RE , (f rom amplus ) to increase, to augment. Ant M pliet
ut rem. H or . Annibalis bellicis laud ibus ampliaturvi rtus Scip ionis.Qu int — AMPL I F ICARE , (ampl ias facere )
’
to amp lify, to enla rge.Amplificare wdem, a rh em. Liv. To g ive more energy , more conse
quence to the th ings we are trea ting of , to show their meri ts and greatva lue. V ereor ne taliumviroru
‘
m, cum amplificarévelim, imminuam
glo riam.
’
Cic. Ea quae pro nob is essent, amplificanda et augendzi ;nacque essent p ro adversarus , infirmanda atque frangend a. Cic.
UGERE, to make bigger , to corroborate. Benevolentiam aux it con
suetud o . Cic. Beneficium magnum magno cumulo augere. Id .
Amplificare beneficium is to ampl ify a good oflice, to make it g reaterthan it is. Auge re beneficium is to add much to agood ofi
‘ice, tomakeds
wgr eat
'
as can be.— AD
:AUGERE r ises above the idea of , angere d
-
lagalus nefariis cumulant, ad augent. C1c.
209 . Ampliare. Comperend inare.
AMPL IARE, (considered as synonymous with the other ) is tathe
.
hea ring of a cause until more inquiry could bemade, eitherthe witnesses had not been examined, or because the proofs weredent ; or lastly , because the j udges had not
about the k ind cy’
pun ishment to be inflicted.
“Hi l l “
Hr. h lfim
51
causarum. Ideo autem comperendinati , quia nondum compertacrimina sat is , vel quia nond um se inn ocentes probaverant. Glaucia
ul it, ut comperend inaretur reus : ant ea j ud icari vel primovel arnplius p ronunciati . Cic. Amplifis pronunciari i s usedampliati . Illorum venire in ment em competend inatumi d est, qui in secundam act i on em impetraverunt jud icium
d ifi'
err i . Cic.
210. Ampullce . Sesquipedalia verba .
AMPULLA was properly an oblong earthenvessel , with a largei t s ign ifies any th ing blown or pufi izd up .
— SESQUIPE
DAL I S is a measure of a
goat and a ha lf . S esqu ip edalia has been
used to express long words . roj icit ampullas et sesqu ipedal iaverba.
Hor . In theverse of Horace ampullas seems to signify swelling l ines,bombast, highzflown stufi, rodomontade ; and sesquip edal ia verba,swell ing words.
21 1 . Amputare. Cir cumcidere. Tondere.
AMPUTARE, to cut of , to chop of , to p rune . Pestiferum aliquidin corpo re amputare . Cic. F2 ur a tively Amputare ramos miseriarum. Cic.
— C I RCUMC IDERE, csed ere circum) to cut or pare about.Ars agricolarum, qua: circumcid at, amputet , er igat . Cic. Figuratively Qui circumcid is omnem impensam funer is . t d . Multitudinem sententiarum circumcidere et amputare . Cic .
— TONDERE ,to shear , to cut short. Barbam tondere . Cic. Brach ia arborum ton
d ere . V irg. Figuratively Tondere aliquem auro . Plaut. To cheatone cunninglyof h is money .
~
212. An . A’
um.
AN and sNuM, cons idered as interrogative adverbs, d ifi’
er in th is . that
have a lways a second-member either exp ressed or understood.
Erravit an p otius insanivit C ic. An ego toti es d e eadem re te
aud iam? (an non understood . ) Ter. An will a lso requi re sometimesan answer. Postulo mih i respond ent, qui sit ille Verrutius, mercator, an arator , an pecuar ius
? Cic Scire vel im quomodo dicatspopondi sse ; p ro patre , an p r o 6110
? N 1‘
1M supposes nei ther a‘
se
cond member, nor any answer . Num COgitat quid dies t ? num fact i
piget He does not then th ink of wha t he says, nor f eel himself sorryfor what he has done does he N 1
‘
im quod eloquentiaevestigium ap
paret Then no trace of true eloquence is rema ining : is there 5’
213. Anfractus . Ambages . Circuitus. Circuitio.
ANFRACTUS , (f rom dual, circum, and gopaia s‘
w, cingo ) the turning, bending ,
or winding of a way in or out. In rup is anfractu.
Justin. In the cavity of a rock. An fractus longi o r . C . Neptaming or circu it . Anfractus s o lis. Cic. The turn ing of the sun .
fig uratively Anfractus j ud iciorum. Cic. The cunn ing tr icks or windings qf chicanery.
- AMBAGES, (aiugbi and’
dyw, to lead round or about) ,tun ings, intricacy , puzz le. Daedalus ipse dolos tecti ambagesque re501m. Yirg. Daeda lus taugh t Theseus how to succeed in getting out
(J those tortuous ways . Figura tively .
Vix pueris dignas ambagesenquirere. Liv. —CIRCU1 TUS , ( ire circum) a
’
going round about, a
ci rcui t, an inclosure. Circuitus orb is. Cic. Figuratively : CircuitusE 2
verborum. Cic. Anfractus d escr ibuntur ; resolvuxitur ambages ; circuitus conficiuntur . G . D.
-C 1 RCU IT IO , the action of going round ap lace, inwalking round s in a city or camp . Circuitio ac cura [Edil ium plebis erat. Liv. Figuratively : Ap erte ip sam rem modd locutus, n ih il circuitione usus es . Ter.
214. Anguis. Serpens . Draco. Vipera . Hydrus o r Hydra . Coluber.
ANGUIS , (f rom if) ! 05, a dart) a reptile resembl ing a dart, and
l iving in the water. mmensis o rbibus angues incumbant p elago .Virg .
— SERPENS , (f rom serp ere ) serpent , rep tile , seems to be a gener al name. Qualis smpéviae d ep rensus in aggere serp ens . Virg. Queed am serp entes ortae extra aquam , s imul atque nit i possunt, aquam
persequuntur . Cic.— DRAco , (from dganei
'
v, dépxew, to see) a dragon ,a k ind Qf monster , to wh ich in fables ar e attri buted claws, wings, anda ta il l i ke that cf a serp ent it has very p iercing eyes, a nd is big er
than any other serpent : it retires into temp les and decayed houses. n
s omn is draco . Virg. Domin i patrimon ium circumplexus, quasi th esaurum draco . Cic.
— V 1 PERA , (quas i vivipara ) a viper , a k ind ofserpent wh ich br ings forth its l ittle ones a live , dif
ferent f rom the most
part (f others that layeggs. Theviper is of a smaller s iz e. Viperis
impl icata crines Camd ia. H or .- a nus and HYDRA , f rom bi cep,w ater, ) a water serpent or sna ke, wh ich l ives in rivers and ponds . I t
tecto assuetus coluber succedere et umb rw. Virg. It is thepr ovinceof naturalists to point out the strik ing differences that are to be foundamong serp ents . Poetsvery often have taken them indiscr iminately .
215. Angustice . Fauces.
ANGUS T IZE, (from angustus ) a na rrow passage , a defile. Angus
tiaaviarum. Cms. Figuratively: Ex me is angustiis sustento illiustenuitatem, Cic., I fi nd in my distress wherewith to rel ieve his misery .
— FAUCES , the gullet or wind-p ipe, the part where the mouth growsnarrower. A faucibus b olum er ipere. Ter . Figuratively : the straits
or narrowpasses between h ills , &c. Corinth us erat p osita in august i is atque in faucibus Graecise. Cic. Patefactis terrae faucibus . Id .
Portfis fauces. Id .
1
216. Augustus . Aretus . Contractus.
ANGUSTUS , (f rom stra iten, ) na rrow (speak ing oéa place) .
Augusta domus. Cic ively Angusta pauper ies, or . , nar
r ow circumstances .— ARCTUS , (f romarce o ) close, t igh t,f ast. Areti
o ribus laqueis coerceri . Cic. It would not be prop er to use angus tio ribus . Areta convivia. H or . Repasts in wh ich the guests 51!veryclose together . Figura tively : Arctior somnus, Cic., a p rofound sleep .
A rctis in rebus opem ferre . Ovid .— CONTRACTUS
, ( trah ere cum)contracted. Spati o brevi contractus . Ovid. Frons contracta, Hor .,
a wrinkled f orehead . Figuratively : Contracta cupidi tas , H or ., amo
derate assion. Augustus maybe consid ered as opposed to latus arc
tus to axus ; contractus to p orrectus.
tameMy
53
217. Anhelare. Exhalare.
ANH ELARE, to pant, to fetch one’
s breath short. Princip i o clivinoster anh elat equus . Ovid . Anhelans ex imis pulmonibus sp iritusd ucebatur . Cic. Gratis anh elans, multa agendo nih il agens. Ph a d.
I t is a lso used to express to exhale . to send ,forth , to stream out. Ama isanh elat vap ores. Plin . Fornacibus ign is anh elat, Virg., thefir e imp etuously bursts out Qf thef urnaces. f iguratively Scelus anh elare,Cic., to pant or th irst afl er cr imes. -ExH ALARE, to exhale, to send
forth a fume or vapour . Vinum exh alare. Cic. Nebulam fumosquevolucres exhalat terra . V i rg . An imam exh alat e . Ovid .
21 8 . Anhelas. Anhela tus .
ANHELUS , out of breath , breath ing th ick and short. Certamine anhelus. Virg . Anh ela tussis . A cough making one out of breath .
ANHELATUS , th rown out in breath ing or blowing . Isset anh elatos non
p ramed itatus ad ignes. Ovi d . [figura tively Anh elata verba gravid s, Cic., words p ronounced with theg reates t d iflicultyof utter ing .
219 . Animadver ter e. Attendere.
AN IMADVERTERE, (vertere animum ad ) tog ive attention to a th ingthat has made an impress ion on our eyes or our senses. Experrecta nu
tr ix animadvertit puerum d ormientem, circumplicatum serp entiscomp lexu. Cic.
— ATTENDERE, ( tendere ad ) to pay attention to : in
wh ich case animum, oculos, ar e understood. Quid attendis,’
qu id ani
madvertis h orum silentium Cic. Sometimes animum is expr essed.
Aurem admovi, ita animum coep i attendere . Ter . lVemayvery pr op erlysay, Cfim admonitus esset, animadver tit, attendit. G.
'
D .
220. An ima l ia. Animantia .
ANIMAL IA is sa idm“ both men and beasts . Pronaque cum sp ectent animal ia ca tora terrain , os b omin i subl ime dedi t, ca lumquetueri j ussit. Ovid .
— ANIMANT IUM, says Cicero, genera quatuor, quorum unum d ivinum atque coeleste, alterum p ennigerum et aerium,
aquatile tert ium, terrestre quartum. I t is used to exp ressvegetables.Prox ima animalibus sunt ea (animantia ) qua vivere dicuntur , neque habere animam, ut virgulta , h erba , sata, Sec. Var .
221 . Animalis. Animabilis. Animatus.
AN IMALI S , (f rom an ima) having life, sensible. Animalia corp ora.
Lucret’
. Sive illa s int an imales, id est, sp irabiles. Cic.— ANIMA
BIL I S , giving l ife and breath . Animabilis sp irab ilisque natura, cui
nomen est ae'
r . Cic.— AN tMATUs , an ima ted. Stella divinis an imata
mentibus. Cic. Animatum est quod motu cietur interi o re et suo .
Id . Figuratively inclined to or towards . Ut quemadmod um in se .
quis'
que , sic in amicum sit an
'
imatus. Cic. Pomp eias animatusmelius quam paratus . Id .
222. An imus. Anima . Mens. Sp ir itus.ANIMUS, (f romdysp wg) the soul in general, inasmuch as it receives
sens ible impress ions, and is ag itated by passions. An imus est quiviget, qui sentit, quim
'
eminit, qui pravid et et mod eratur , et movet idus, cui pra positus est. Cic. An imus ita constitutus est, ut et
54
sensibus instructus sit , et h abent p ra stantiammentis . Id .— ANIMA ,
wind, breath , animal l if e, the air we breathe. Agere animam et ef
flare d icimus. Cic. Dillicile est animum perduce re ad contemptum
anima . Id . I t is also taken in the same sense as an imus. Anima oon
sil il est rationisque particeps . Cic.—Mens, that part of the rationalsoul wh ich is the seat of natural parts and acquiredvirtues, the under-1standing. Mens cui regnum totius an imi anaturatributum est. Cic.
Mens an imi tantis fluctuat ipsamal is. Gatul . Ut non mediocritenomn iummen tes animosque per turbaret. Ca s. Magnumcuimentemanimumque Del ius inSpirat vates. Virg. Th e God of Delos inspiresher with h is power, and exalts her mind. It expresses also d isposition .
Ca sar est eamente qua op tare d ebemus. Cic .— SPI RITUS , (f rom
Sp irare )‘
air , breath ing,resp ira tion. Rodem temp ore suscip imur in
lucem, et 11 00 ca lesu spiritu augemur . Cic. Ae'
r , quem sp iritu d ucimus. Id . Demosth enes, edm sp iritus ejus esset angustior , mtum continendaanimain dicend o est assecutus, ut, &c.
r atively, it exp resses haught iness . Ipse autem Ari ovistus tantossp iritus sumpserat, ut ferend us non videretur . Ca s.
223. Annona . Commeatus .
ANNONA , (f rom annus ) properlyprovis ionsfor a year : it is understood of.
‘
p rovisions in genera l . V il1tas annona . Cic. Annona cara.
Teren . I t sometimes expresses the price, thevalue of victuals. An
n ona crevit. Ca s. The pr ice of p rovisions is raised. Laxat annona .
Liv. Provis ions beco me cheaper. Figuratively Vilis amicorum est
annona, b on is ubi qu id deest . H or .— COMMEATUS , (f rom cum and
meare ) I . Go ings and comings. In stativis, ut fi t longo magis quamacri h ello , satis l1ber i commeatus erant . Liv. Duobus commeatibua
S ecundum commeatum in Afr icam mittit ad Ca sarem.
V ictuals, provis ions cf victua ls, either public or p riva te. Abund arei
commeatu. Ca s . Commeatum subveh ere. Liv.
224. fi nnuere. Innuere.
.
AuNUERE, to h int, or intimate a th ing bya nod . Annuere toto cap itea11qu1d. C 1c.
—IN NURRE, to beckon , or to make s igns with the head toone. Abiens innuit mih i. Ter. Quod si iste suos h osp ites
'
mMimo 1nnu1ssct mod o. Cic.
225. Annumerare. Dinumerare. Enumerare.
ANNUMERARE, (numerare ad ) to count to, to reckon up amongothers , and put into the number. Annumeravit i ll i pecuniam. Cic.H is d uobus annumcrabitur nemo tertius. Id — D i numnaa ns (diversim numerare ) , to reckon by parts or lots, to number or reckonth ings sca ttered about. Stellas dinumerare . Cic. Dinume rarecumam, Id ., is understood of a la rge sumof money , wh ich is countedby several p eople a t the same time ; but annumerare pecun iam is sa idof any sumwh ich is counted to somebody. to enu
rate, to count with accuracy . Qua ne smgula enumerem, totamiilii”
ennu i-h
55
d ofimm Command o . Cic. Jamne enumerasti quid'
ad te redituru'
rxi"
Id . Diki' jairi ‘afltea m
‘
eno’
n omn ia iétius, quae i n h ot: geriereenumeiaturum. Id .
226. Annuntiare. Obnuntiare.
ANNUNTIARE, (nuntiare ad ) to bring news to somebody (generallyof a pleasant nature) ; Biquesalutem annuntiab is . Cic.
— OBNUN
T IARE, to tell or bring evil news. Primus sentio mala n ostra, p rimus
rescio omnia, p rimus po’
rrc‘
) obnuntio. Ter . The augurs made use cfthis word to prevent the assemblies of the peop le, or somepublic undertaking. Legem Tribu
'
nus p leb is tul it, ne auSpiciis obtemp eraretur ,ne obnun
'
tiare consilio, aut co’
mitiis liceret . Cic. The Tr ibuneenacted’
a law f orbidding acquiescence to the auspices , and to pr ognosticate fin ,
ture disasters, in order to prevent the assemblies, and resolutions whichmight be taken th erein.
227. Annuus. Annalis . Ariniversar ius. Soleniriis.ANNUUS, of a year, of the yea r. Anritia cuitura. Hor . Aer an:
nuas frigorum et calorum facit vai ietatesl Cic.— ANNALI S
'
, relatingto or concern ing the year. Annalis lex , Cic. , the law prescribing theage requis ite for being promoted to publ ic emp loyments.
— ANNI V ER
SARIUS , (f rom annus and ver telje) done every year a t a certa in time.Ann iversaria sacra. Cic.
— SOLEMNxs , (solet ann is ) 1 . Doneon certa in daysof the ear. Sacra solemn ia. Sal]. 2. Done with solemn it
fi,renowned . ices so lemnes. Cic. Funus solemne . Ter . Solemnee
'
be um. Liv.228 . Anquirere. Inquirere.
ANQUIRERE, to make a dil'
ent search, to make inquisition. An
quir itur quid valeat id quod eri possit, Cic., we diligently inquire'
into thevalue of what we can do'
f —J NQUIRERE, (quaerere in ) to est-ramine carefully. Is nimium inqui rens in sese , atque ipse sese ohservaus . Cic. Inquirere in ea quee sunt memoriae p rod ita.
‘
Id . Thesetwoverbs ar e l ikewise used in law , with th is dif erence, that anquirereis to accuse, to prosecute ; and inquirere is to take an informationagainst one, in order to a prosecution. Cfim Tr ibunus b is pecuniaeanquisivisset, ter tib cap it is se anquirére dix isset. Liv. Cap ite an
quisitum est ob remmalegestam. Id . A cr imina l actionwas broughtfor a misdemeanor. Inquirere in competitores. Cic.
229 . Anted . Supra.
e m u , speak ing of time.‘
Quod ad te antea, atque adec‘
) p rasscripsi. Cic.— SUPRA , speaking of a p lace. Qum sup radix i. Cic.
t at I have sa id above or before.
230 . Antecedere. Prcevenire. Prwcedere. Antever tere. Praevertere.
ANTECEDERE, to go or walk beyare. Pompeius expeditus antecesserat legi on es. f iguratively Antecedere aliquem aetate.
’
Cic.
—PRE VEN IRE, to arrive before. Praevenerat non solum fama, sednuntius etiam ex servis regiis. Liv.— PRJECEDERE, to go bef ore. Neetar dam opper ior , nec p raeced entibus insto . H 0 1
‘
.— ANTEVERTERE,
to set ofi‘
before. Vidit necesse esse Milon i Proficisci Lanuvium illo1pso quo p rofectus est die, itaque antevemt.
'
Cic. Expeditas fa
cilé anteced it impeditum ; vicit aemulus qui p roperantem aemulum,
ad metam prmvenit ; p rofecturum antevertimus ; currentem celer itate p raevertimus ; sequentem militem p rzeced it s ign ifer . G. D .
PRE V ERTERE, to get before or out- run. Cursuque p edum p raevertere ventos .
Virg. Figuratively N ih il bello p rmver ti debere . Liv.
231 . Anteceller e. Excellere.
ANTECELLERE, to surpass , to surmount. Part icipes rationis pmstantiaeque ej us qua antecellimus bestiis . C ic.
— EXCELLERE, to ex . .
cel, to dis tinguish or ra ise one’
s self above, &c. is mor e exp ressive than k
antecellere. Excellere sup e r omnes ali os. Liv. In scientia excelIere pulch rum est . Cic. Excellere op ibus. Liv. Antecellere im
p lies only compa rison and excellere denotes excellence and real su
per iority.
232. Anteferr e. Anteponere.
ANT EFERRE, to carry bef ore, or j b rw ard . Dix it et antetulit gressum. Virg . He sa id, and walked on bef ore l ll em.
— ANTEPONERE, toput before, to place f orward. Nullis antepos itisvigiliis, Tac., without having p laced any sentry forwa rd . I t is most difiicult to po int outa diff erence between the above twoverbs in thefigurat ive sense theyseem to have been promiscuously used bygood authors. Tenuem victum antef
'
er t cop i oso . Cic. Alterum alteri antefer re. Id . Pom
peium omn ibus antepono . Id . Ut amicitiam omn ibus rebus ante
ponatis. Id .
233. Antes ignanus. Pr imipilus.
ANTES IGNANUS , (ante signa ) he who goes r igh t bef ore the standardto defi ntl it ; he that ma rches in thevan or thef ront of the ba ttle . Un iusIegionis antesignanos p raecur rere atque occupare cum tumulum j ubet. Cms.
—PR IMIP1 LUS , the centurion or capta in (J thefi rst companyof a leg ion. Primus centuri o , quem nunc p r imipilumvocant. Liv.I t is also understood of the company i tself . Centuri o p rimip ili tert iznIegionis. Sal]. Pr imip ilum d ucere. Cars .
234. Anticipare . Prceoccupare.
ANT IC I PARE, (capere ante ) to anticipa te, to take up beforehand.Quid igitur proficxs, qui anticip es ej us die i mo les tiam, quam tridud
sciturus s is ? Cic.— PRE OCCUPARE, to seiz e upon beforehand, to be
beforeh and with o thers who.
cla im a righ t to the same th ing . Quaspartes an te ipse mih i sumpseram, eas p raeoccupavit Anton ius. Cic.
Prmoccupavit legem ferre . Liv. He hastened to enact that law . Mo
Iestias anticipat anx ius ; gratiam p reeoccupat ambitiosus. G. D.
235. Antiqué. Antiquitits .
ANT IQUE , af ter the manner a nd f ash ion of the ancients. S i qua?
dam n imis ant ique, s i p leraque duré d icere credat eos. H or . 1] heshould th ink they sometimes make use of obsolete words, and tha t theirstyle is commonlyuncouth .
— AN T 1QU1T US , qfi old time, informer times.Qui in eorum fid e antiquitus erant . C838 .
236 . Apex. Culmen . Fastigiurn. Cacumen.
APEX , (f rom the obsolete ap ere ,vinculo comp reh endere ) a k ind ofcap ending in a p o inted top, such as was worn by the pr iests of Mars
24-1 . App endere. Suspender
APPENDBRE, (pend e re ad ) to we'
h out, to hang by. L;
r ifici palam append it aurum: Cic. mn ia t ib i annumeravit, appenédi t. Id . Gladiam é lacunari sets equina appensum demitti
aussitt
Id .— Sus PENDERE; (sursum pendere ) to hang up or upon. ignis
n idumsuspend it h i rundo . Ovid . Suspendere se de ficu. Cic.
242. Appencha'
; Appen‘
d irula . Additamentum. Corollar ium.
APPEND IX , fr omp endere ad ) is properly a small building addedto ‘
themd in fabric. In a figurative sense i t s ign ifi es accessory, t hitfwhich depends upon anoth er . Appendix animi co rpus. Cic. It
sometimes used to express auxil ia ry troops and recruits. Centuiri’
mllliCarpentanorumcumappend icibus fuere .
‘
Liv. ( itsdiminutive ) a little appendage, a smd ll incident. Est en im h é fi causequas i quaedam appendicula causes j ud iCatae atque damnatae. Cic.
ADD ITAMENTUM; (f ront ad dere an addition, an accession. Intéi'i
cessit Ligus iste n esci o quis, a di tamentum inimicorummeOrunl .Cic.
— COROLLA RIUM, (f rom corolla; a diminutive of corona ) theoverplus. De vivo igitur erat al iquid resecand um, ut esset unde
Ap ronio ad illos fructus arationum h oc corollarium nummorum ad
d eretur . Cic. I t is a lso understood of the l ittle presents which weremade to actors or to guests, instead of crowns. Festivum'
acroama, nes in e corollari o d e convivi o d isced eret , co
‘
nvivis in‘
sp'
ectantibus, emblemata avellenda curavit. Cic. Nummul is
‘
corrogatis d e scenicor um corollariis. Id .
243. Ap’
petere. Erpetere.
APPE'
I‘
ERE, (petere ad ) not only to wis h f or , but also attempt to
get a th ing . Cup ide appetere agr os alienos . Cic. Spurius Melius
meid it in suspicionem regn i appetend i. Id . In a figurative sense,and in a more remote meaning Comitiorum dies appetebat, Liv., the
day 4 the assembly of the p eop le was approach ing — EXPETERE isstill more exp ress ive, and s ignifies to covet, to wish earnestlyf or . Ex
petuntur d ivitiaz, tum ad ususvita necessaries, tum ad perfruendas
volup tates. Cic. Quod optabile est, i d esse expetend um. Id . Fi
guratively Dii in Cluilium expetant clades be lli ! Liv. May thegods cause the evils of the war to fa ll upon C luilius l Fwp as ab ali
quo expetere . Cic. To pun ish somebody . V itar
'
n al icuj us expeter e,d ., to a ttempt somebody
'
s life: Ad olescens perditus voluptates app etit optabilia et necessaria expetit sap i en5.
’
G. D .
244 . Appetitio . Appetentia . Appetitus.
A p p er rr ro , the act of wishing for , or of endeavouring to get a
th ing. Huic cupid ita ti ad j uncta est appetitio quaad am p rincipatfis.C ic. Appetitio al i en i turp is. Id . Appe titio , quiz ad agend um impellimur , et id appetimus quod est visum, mover i non potest . Id .
APPETENT IA , the des ir ing Qf, the hungering or hankering af ter a thing .
Libid o elfrenatam appetentiameflicit . Cic. Artium l ibe ral ium ap
petentia. Id .—APPET I TUS , the concupisciblefaculty. natural appetite
and des ire : it is sa id of the senses . Vo luptatis ap eti tus . Cic. Animiappetitus reguntur , remittuntur , continentur . d . Artium l iberaIium appetentia laudanda est, si p raese rt im adj uncta est appetitio
mod
59
salutis zeternae ; sed sedand i et contrah endi appetitus omnes veh ementiores. G. D.
246 . Apportare. Asportare . Importare. Comportare.
APPORTARE, fipor tare ad ) to ca rry , to bring unto . A
Alexand riam j u ercut ad virum ux orem, ad pattern filios
As p om‘
s nn, (p ortare a to car ry or convey away . Qua!» tabula
p icta, quae non ab h osti usvictis capta atque aspor tata si t Ci c.
Asp ortare multa d e suis rebus secum. Id .-IMPOR:EARE, (portare
in ) to car ry , bring, or convey in. Frumentum imp ortare in opp fdurminstituit. Cass . Figuratively : Detrimen ta rebus publicis imp ortata.
Cic.— COMPORTARE, (p ortare cu p ) to carry with or together to some
p lace. Cum arma in indem Castoris comportabas. Cic.
246. Aptus. Idoneas .
APTUS , tied, j oined, fi tted. Ap tum ex tribus . Cithree things j oined together . Caelum stellis ard entibus ap tum. Virg.
(An inversion instead cf cmlum, cui aptae sunt stellze . ) The heaven»
fi tted up with stars. In a figurative sense : 1 . Suitable, accurate, exact. Apta compositio membrorum. Cic. An exact p roportion of all
the limbs of the body . 2. Proper , meet, conven ient. Amicis ap tus,H or .
, suitable. to h is f r iends . Ap taverba, Cic., words p roper to thesubj ect. Aptus regi , Ovid ., wh ich can easil
lylbe managed — IDON Etrs ,
fi t, suitable. Puguin non satis id oneus . or. Idonea tempestas .
Cic. Id oneus locus . Id . Idoneus auctor, Liv., a credible author.H ze c res non est i donea d ignitati tuaz. Cic. Qui ad amicitiam essent
idonei . Id . Ap tus is the efi'
ect of ar t or nature. Id oneus (quasi adi d natus ) a lways is theWed of nature . Nature. aut studio sumusapt i ad aliquid ; nascimur i d on e i . G . D .
247. Apud. Ad . In.
APUD , synonymous w ith AD , imp lies no motion, wh ich ad does .
Apud Platonem i d legitur . Cic. It would be. imp roper to say ad Pla
t onem. E0 ad patrem. Ter . Apud patrem would be bad Latin.
Intro nopvocat ad se se, tenet intus apud se , Lucil.
says, Fult ad me sane d in and Livy , Qui ad regem remansit, adonly denotes proximity— IN , into . We say ire ad fiumen, and not in
flumen, because one cannot enter a r iver l ikewise,we say ad tribunal
litigator ven it, because he who has a lawsu it only app roaches the tr ibunal ; instead of wh ich we say in tribunal ven it p rwtor , because themag istrate enters the tribunal. Caesa r has however sa id, ea ques ad eos
geruntur . Such examples arevery seldom'to be f ound.
248 . Apud. Penis.
APUD , as synonymous with PENES , denotes only that we have theth ing ; and p enes, tha t we have it in our p ower, and maydispose of itas we p lease. Apud se rem h ab et, Ter ., the th ing has been intrustedto him. he has it at home. Alexander d eposuit apud solem in d elubro pecuniam. Cic. Ille p enes quem. est omnis p otestas . Id .
S ervi centum d i es p enes accusatorem fuerunt . Id . He had theminl
l
zis absolute power apud would only signify that they were at h iscause.
60
249 . Aqua . Unda . Lympha .
AQUA , water in general, what is called the l iquid element. Aquaex tet ra o ritur . Cic.
— UNDA is a collection Qf water, a surge, the
waves. Rap ere currus suspensos per undas . Cic. Incursu undarum
sonat unda. Ovid. Unda a lways denotes an abundance, wh ence issaid in a figurative sense comitiorurn undze . Cic. The poets haveused unda insteada aqua . Fons sonat a dex tratenu i p ellucidus unda.Ovid .
-LYMPHA is a limp id water runn ing out of a c
Lymph arum in sp ecul o vidi t s imulacrum suum. Ph ied .
fugax obli quo trep idat rivo . H or .
250 . Aquam a rcere. Aquam coercere.
AQUAM A K CERE , to stop water, to p revent itf rom doing any ha rm.
- COERCERE AQUAM, to prevent it from being wasted away i n the
g round. Ille tenet et scit, ut h ostiumcop iaa, tu ut aquae p luvneantur. Cic. Fluvium ex tra ripas d iflluentem coercere. Id . Fontem ‘
p urges, reficias, ut aquam coercere, utique eapossis . Ulp .
251 . Aquamperdo . Aqua mih i hw re'
AQUAM PERDO , [ lose my t ime. Th ere was a certa in fixed timea llowed to orators, afl er wh ich th ey were f orbidd en to speak anylong er it was done bymeans of water-clocks.
— AQUA Mun HE RET,I am stopped short : th is express ion is taken in the same sense : I amnot permitted to say any th ing more. Aqua nunc h aeret. Cic. [ am
a t a stand .
252. Aquar i . Adaquari.
AQUARI , to p rovide orf etch water. cammiles aqua tum profectusesset. Q . Curt .— ADAQUAR I , to water an ima ls. Ita d ecrevit ut adlacum, ubi ad aquar i solebat j umentum, d uceretur cap ite involuto .
Suet. Figuratively to water p lants or trees . Denis d iebus adaquariarb ores , Plin., speaking of new -p lanted trees.
253. Aquar ius . Aqua til is . Aquaticus. Aquosas .
AQUARI US , (J or be ’onging to wa ter. Aquaria p rovincia, Cic. ,the surveyorsh ip of r ivers, &c.
— AQUAT I L I S , that lives in the wa ter.Bestim terrenae, aquatiles , volati les. Cic.
— AQUAT ICUS , 1 . Tha tl i kes to l ive in the wa ter. H aud p rocul a stagno vivebat aquaticalo tos. Ovid . 2. That occas ions rain. Aquaticus auste r . Ovid .
Aquo sus , watery, tha t contains abundance Qf wa ter . Aquosus
camp/us. Liv. Languo r aquosus, H or ., the dropsy . Nubes aqua
sa . i rg .
254. Ara . Allure.
ABA , (f romo'
ipa ,vows) thea ltars onwh ich prayers and ,dr ink-ofl
'
er
ings were p resented. Arne calent thure . Virg. Those who prayed ar'
took an oa th held in their hands the horns o the altar. Is si aram te
neus j uraret, n emo cred eret . Cic. Ta ibus o rabat dj e tis, arasquetenebat . Virg . Hence some authors have a ttri buted a quite d ifi
'
er ent
meaning to the word ara . The ancients ofl en used ara for asa, andj ar ansa . The horns of the a lta r were made l i ke the handles of avessel.
- AL'
r Ans (quas i alta ara ) was a rising place on wh ich the victims
were burnt. mpositis ardent altar ia fibris. V i rg. Ut ne p ropiti
Alulm.a a
mafi a
arb iter aufert.— OPINAR I , to believe on p robabilities, or prej udices.Falsd multa in vitah omines Opinantur. Cic. Opinor , narras non
recté accipis ; certa sunt . Ten— Rea r, to believe a t
r eally . 1 1108 in quibusvirtutes esse remur , a naturaCOgimur . Cic.
— Cano n s , consid ered as synonymous wisi nifies, to think , to imag ine. Credo te cred ére . Ter . Satis credo.
If. ‘
I believe it true enough . I llud teneta nervos atque artus esse
sap i entiae, non temere credere. Cic.— PUTARE, p roperly signifies to
prune, to top , to dress trees, 81 0 . Rusticusvitem fingit putando .
V i rg. From the above signification, Latin authors have figurativelyused putare to signify to th ink afl er having considered a thing attentivelyin every respect, because by th inking so we , as it were, cut of the su
perfluous pa rts of the oly’
ect consid ered. Non c ommittend nm est, ut
aliquand f‘
) d icend um sit, non putaram. Cic. Neque id putabit pravuman rectum sit, quod putet. Ter . Neminem p rae se putare. Cic. In
the same sense we say putare rati ones cum aliquo , Cic. , to settle ao
counts with somebody . Sap i ens rar c‘
) opinatur qu od nesciat ; nih ilsine certa ratione retut ; nec tenacem p ropos iti vi rum esse arb it ratur , si quis pr ivatam commun i utilitati gratiam p os t bahendam putet. G. D.
260. Arbor. Arbustum. Virgultum. Frutex .
ARBOR, is said of a ll sorts Qf trees, eith er large or small, bear iq ornot bear ing f rui t. It is a genera l word, under wh ich ivy, os iers, andeven reed s ar e comprehended. Truncus, rami , folia arborum. Cic.
Bis pamis utilis arb o r. V i rg.— ARBUSTUM is prop erly a placep lanted
with trees, such as a grave or an' o rchard. Pratis,vineis, arbustis res
rusticmlaetaasunt . CIC . Resonant arbusta cicadis. V i rg. The gr ovesresound with the no ise Qf grasshoppers — VmGUL
'
r UM, (f rom V l rga )a collection of young sp rigs grow ing together. V ia deserta et incultaatque interclusa j am frond ibus et virgultis. Cic.
— FRUTEX, anysh rub, either p r oducing or not pr oducing fruit. Genus omne frutlcum. Virg. Frutex buxeus. Col.
261 . Arbor insita . Arbor adsita o r assita .
Ans on I N S ITA is a gig/ted tree. S i in p i rom silvaticam inseveris
rum quamvis b onam. ar . Mutatamque ins ita mala ferre pirum.
irg .—ARBOR ADS ITA , a tree planted quite near another. Quapo
pulus ad sita surgit . H or . Thevines were twined round popla rs. Lentaqumvelut assitas vitis implicat arb ores. Catul.
262. Arbutus. Arbutum.
AnBU'
r us , the wild strawberry - tree. Et quaevos raravir idis te.-gitarbutus umbra. V i rg.
— ARBUTUM, the f ruit of this tree. Dant arbuta si lvae. Virg.
263. Area . Capsa . Scrinium.
a chest, a cof er, a dungeon. Dives areaveram laud emIntermp lt. t ed . Argentum in areap ositum. Cic. Servi in arcas
lum, b l:
man ia
lawma n
63
264. Arcere. Prohibere.
uilicere, removere, Op itulari, to keepAntomummGalliam invadentemarc
h abere ) to keep af ar ofl l Quo d pr ied onesH osp itlo p robibemur arenm. Virg .
to h inder f rom doing a th ing,to save f rom. Proh ibuit ne,
A p ericulo rempublicam p roh ibere. Cic. Injuria tenuiib ere . Id . Proh ibemus a nob is furiosos ; arcemus quosus me accedant. G . D .
265. Ardere. Flagrare. Deflagrar e. E stuare. Exaestuare.
ARDERE , to be on fi re. Jam p rox imus ardet Ucalegon. Virg.
Largior arserit ignis . H or . Figuratively : Ardebant oculi . Cic.
Podagrae dolor ibus ardere . Id . Omn ia tum in illum odia c
ard ebant desideri o mei . Id . V irgi l has made use qf ar,dere i n the
activevoice . Formosum pastor Co rydon ard ebat Alex im.— FLA
GRARE, (f rom pAéyw) to burn, to be a ll in a flame. Noctu flagrantes onerarias , quas incend erant milites , videbatis. Cic. Ignes fla
grahaut ignibus Id . F1guratively . Flagrat b ella Italia. Cic. In
Op iaflagrare et cupid itatibus. Sal]. Flagrabant apud illumvitia libidinis . Cic. Consules flagrant infamia. Id .
— DEFLAGRARE, to beburned down, to be entirely consumed byfi r e. Ph aé
’
ton ictu fulminisdeflagravit. Cic. In thefi curative sense, it expr esses to get somewhatcool. Spes subibat animum d eflagrar i i ras vestras p oss e . Liv.IEsr UARE,
*
to swelter , to be a ll in a hea t. IEs tuat fretum. Q. Curt.Sitiend o , algend o , aestuand o . Cic . Figura tively : IEstuabat dub itatione animus. Cic.
— EXE STUARE, to boil over , to ca st up waves andbillows. Fundo exaastuat imo . V i rg. Figuratively . Tacita exzestuat
ira. Ovi d.
266. Ardescer e. Ignescere. Inardescere.
ARDESCERE, to take fi re, to grow hot. It is mostly used in thefigurative sense. Ardesceremucronem j ussit. Tac. He ordered that,his sword should l e sha rpened. Ardescere l n i ras, Ovid to be ia
flamed with violent passion .— IGNESCERE r ises upon the mean ing of
the f ormer expression, and sumfi es to be all on fi re. UtU ad extremumomnis mundus ignesceret. Cic. Figuratively .
- Ignescunt 1rae. Virg.
Ard escunt would be i n th is case a weak exp ression, thefi re itselfqis
more than the heat —INARDESCERE, (ardescere in ) to take fi re, to bemore and more inflamed inwardly . Qualis cum caarula nubes sol isinard escit radi is . Virg. Nec munus h umeris efficacis H erculis inarsit aastuosius . H or .
267. Ardor . Co lor . Fervor .Annon
, an excessive h eat. S olis ardore t ort er i. Cic . Ardoreterra deh iscit. V irg.
— CALOR, a moderate or natural heat. Omne
quodvivir, sive animal , s ive é terr zi ed itum, idvivir p ropte r luclusum in eo calorem. Cic. Calid ior est, vel potius ardentior animus,quam h ic aé
'
r . Id .— FFRV OR, a violent and scorch ing heat. Siccis
aer fervoribus us tus. Ovid. Fig uratively lEtatis fervor . Cic. Pec
to ris fervo r. Hor . Calor exp resses less than fervor, and fe rvo r lessthan ardor.
AREA , ( from arere , to be dry ) an emp tyspace, such as we see inthe f ront of many if our temp les or pa laces to serve as an ornament tothem. Area Capitolii . Liv. I t is l i kew ise said of a th rash ing -fl oor ,
a barn-floor . Quidquid de Libycis verr itur areis. H or . PLATEAsa id of a publ ic p lace, such as Lincoln’
s- Inn
(9c , in London. In 1150 h ab itass e p lateaTer . Puree sunt plateae, n ih il ut meditanti
bus obstet. H or .-PLAN I T IES , (f rom planus ) a p la in fi eld . Duum
millium planities castra Romana ab H ernicis dividebat. Liv.
269 . Arena . Saburra .
ARENA , fromarere ) sand. Numeroque carentis arenae. H or .
I t is a lso sa id of a sandy g round. Arenam aliquem aut paludesemere . Cic.
— SABURRA, ballast for sh ips. Onerar ias duceremultasaburranaves . Liv.
270. Arere. A’rescere.
ARERE, to be dry. Aret succis ad emptis tellus . Virg.— AR ES
CERE, togrow dry . Da mih i vest iment i aliqui d, dummea arescant.
Plaut. acryma citius arescit, p razser tim in alienis mal is . Cic.
271 . Argenta rius. Argenteus . Argentatus. Nummarius.
ARGENTARI US , belong ing to silver or money . Argentariaetabernm,
bankers’ shops — ARGENTEUS, cf , or made if , silver . Aquila argentea.
Cic.— ARGENTATUS , overla id or pla ted w ith silver. Argentati mi
l ites . Liv. Soldiers g l itter ing with s ilver. Argentata sandalia.
V. Max im.— NUMMAR 1US , belongin to money . Res nummaria.
money. fildex nummar ius. Id . A j udgecorrupted with money .
272. Argenta rius. Mensar ius .
ARGENTARI US , (substantive ) a banker, one tha t puts other men'
s
money to interest, a money -scr ivener . Quod argentari o obtuleris expensum, as oci o ej us repe te re possis. Cic.
— ARGENTARIUS was usedf or the individua ls of a state , and MENSAR IUS f or the state ilse.Ad d issolvend um res alienum creati quinque vi ri mensar ii, dein é
Tribun i mensar ii , Liv. The terms were used indiscr iminately underthe Roman emperors.
273. Argentumfactum. Argentum signatum.
ARGENTUM FACTUM , silver p late, silver dishes, pla tes , pots, andsuch l i ke th ings used at table, or other th ings made of silver. ARGENTUM
.
S IGNATUM, silver co in . Cautum erat, quo ne plus aur i et argenu facti , quo ne p lus signati argenti et aer is domi h aberemus . Cic.
There is the same distinct ion to bemade between aurum or res signatum,
and aurum or 933 factum.
I
Arum!
fi ness e:
i d
66
Soges cum6vaginisemerserit, fund it frugemsp icaeord ine structam.
C1c. Poets use indiscriminately either of these two words .
279 . Arma rium. Armamenta rium.
ARMARwM, a stor e-house f or the keeping of any thing , as a press,locker , safe, pantry , study , closet, chest, counting-house. Aurum ex
armari o tuo p romere ausus es Cic. Cellas refr egit omnes intus,reclusitque armarium. Plaut .
— ARMAMENTARIUM , an a rsenal . Exarmamentariis publicis arma p opulo Romano dantur . Cic.
280 . Armentum. Grex . Jumentum.
ARMENTUM, a herd Qf la rge cattle, as oxen, camels, &c . Armentab oum. Virg . Pecudes dispulsae sui generis sequuntur greges, ut
bos armenta . Cic.— GREx sign ifi es p rop erly a company or band of
men, a gang , a numerous set. G rex amicorum. Ter . G rex oratorum. Cic. t en the s ignification of grex is not determined, it is understood of sma ll ca ttle. Mille greges ill i, totidemque armenta per h erb as pascebant. Virg. Hm sat is armentis, pars alte ra curer. lanigeros
agitat e greges . Id .—JUMENTUM ( from j uvare ) is pr operly a labour
ing beast, whatever it be, eitherfor carr iage or ti llage, in wh ich it h elpsus. E6missa plaustra j umentaque al ia ab urbe ad exercitum affec
tum p raalio ac vianocturnaexcepé re. Liv. Sarmenta in cornibus
j umentorumalligata incendit. Id .
28 1 . Armifer . Armiger. Armatus.
ABMIFER, (arma ferens ) bea ring armour. Armifera d ea. Ovid .
Pa tios — Amn e s ia, arma gerens ) one who ca rr ies his‘
master’
s arms .
Qui d est Sergius? Armiger Catilinee. Cic. Nymph arum trad id it
un i armigerae j aculum, ph aretramque arcusque retentos. Ovi d.ARMATUS , one provided with a rms . Armatos , si Latiné loqui volumus, quos app ellare veré p ossumus Opinor , eos qui telis scutis
que parati omatique sunt. Cic. Figuratively Armatus an imis. Cic.
Armata muris urbs . Id .
282. Armus . Humerus.
AaMUS , (fi om dew, aipuo'
tw, apto ) is properly the pa rt where thehuman arm, or the f ore—leg of an animal, is j oined to the body . Latos
h uic h as ta per armos acta tremit. V irg . Seu spumantis equi fod eretcalcar ibus atmos. Id .
— H umi:nus is the whole of the shoulder (y a
man or beast. Cum bumeris bovem sustineret vivum. Cic. In bobusvires h umerorum, et latitudines ad at atra extrah enda. Id .
283. d rr ha . Pignus .
ARRHA , and Arrbabo , in the Greek la nguage dli a taiv, ea rnestmoney . g iven as a secur ity f or the execution of a barga in .
— PIGNUS ,a p ledge g iven as a securi ty f or money lent. A pledge is to be returned, ou the money being repa id , but the earnest-money is kept. Min istriginta sib i puellam d estinat, datque arrh abonem, et j ur ej urand oalhgat . Plaut . Terence ha s used arrh abo in the sense of a p ledge.Et relicta h u ic ar rhaboni est ro i llo argento . Ter . Ager appositusest p ign ori ob decemminas . d . Figu
ratively : Aflinitatis conj unct ionem p ignori fore ad confirmandas i nimicitias putavit. Cic. Ar rh ap retii numerandi quas i p ignus datur. G. D.
madman.
67
284. Arrogans; Superbus. Glor iosus. Insolens. I/anus. Fastidiosus.
ABROGANS , ( rogare ad ) arrogant, haught ,f ull ty'
self-conceit. Nearr ogans in p ra r ip iend o p opul i beneficio videretur . Cic. Ar rogans
beneficiorum prwd icatio . Id . Arroganter d e se sent ire. Id .— SUPER
BUS maj ore fastu tumet quam arr ogans, says Popma proud, scor nfi t l, disda inful, h igh -minded. Praebere se sup erbum in fortuna. Cic.
In rebus p rosper is superb iam magnoperé , fasti dium, arrogantiam
que fugiamus . Id . It l ikewise s ignifies magnifi cent, p ompous . Su
perbos vertere funer ibus tr iumph os. Ho r . It is a lso sa id of aviolentand tyrann ical man ; one of the Ta rquins was ca lled sup erbus an ao
count qf h is proud and tyrann ica l behaviour.— GLOR IOSUS , I . Glo
r ious. Mo rs glori osa. Cic . 2. Va in glorious, braggadocio . Deformeest cum i rrisi one aud ientium imitar i militem glor iosum. Cic.
— IN
sou zxs , (non solens ) unaccustomed, unwanted , who is not in theha bit of. Quid tu Ath enas insolens Ter . Insolens h ostis , Cree ,
a new enemy . Insolons infamiaa, semp er in laude versatus. Cic. Laz
t itia insolens , an extraordina ry j oy. Insolens,‘
cons idered as synonymous with the other words , says Donatus, qui p rwter legem h umanam et naturalem ag it . An impudent, ha ugh ty ma n . In Victoriaqua: natura insolens et sup erba est. Cic. Insolente r gloriari. Id .
VANUS , va in,that has only an outs ide appearance. Expectata seges
vanis elusit aristis. Virg. Vanns metus . Hor . Vanus , as synonymous with the other words, ava in man , who boas ts of advantages wh ichhe does not possess. Ub ivanus an imus aura captus frivola. Ph aed .
Uti p rosper ita te re rum in vanitatem. Tac -FA ST ID IOSUS , disda in
ful, squeamish . In aequos et pares fas tid iosus. Cic. Aurium sen
sus fastid iosissimus. Id .
285. Ars. Scientia . Ar tificium.
ARS definitur ex rebus penitus perspectis, planeque cognitis, at
que ab op inionis arb itri o sej unctis , scientiaque comp reh ensis. Cic.
And i a another p lace, Ars est percep tio quae d at certamviam rati onemque faci endi . Ars is the ar t, the p ractice ; and SC I ENT IA , theknowledge of a th ing . Ars sin e sci entia esse non p otest . Cic. Ha
b ere scientiammagnarum art ium. Id . A1 5 i s used f or cunning , de
ccit. Nam si in te mgrotant artes ant iquen tuee . Plaut.7 - ART 1 F I
C IUM, (f rom ass and facere ) workmansh ip , ar t, trade. Non acievicisse Romanos, sed artificio quodam et sci entia oppugnationis .
Czes . S imulacrum singulari opera ar tificioque perfectum. Cic. It
is often understood tn a bad sense. V icinitas non fallax ,non erudita
artificio simulationis . Cic .
286 . Artes. Dates .
ARTES , considered as synonymous with dotes , is sa id of qualitiesacquired by education. Instructus art ibus ingenuis. Cic.
— DOT 1~:s
ar e the natura l qua lities. Ingenu dotes. Ovid . Raras dotes quasnatura ded it . Id .
287. Arter ia . Vena . Aspera arter ia .
ARTER IA and VENA , according to Pl iny , are distinguished thusUbi sunt n ervi , interi ores conducunt membra, sup eri ores revocantinter h os latent arteriw, id est, Sp iritus semitae : h is innatant venw,
F 2
68
i d est, sanguinis rivi . Pl iny has f o llowed Cicero’
s op in ion, who says,Sanguis per venas in omne co rpus d ifi
'
und itur , et sp iritus p er arter ias . Modern phys icians have a more accurate knowledge of the hu
man hody . Arteri es convey the blood f rom the h ea rt to the d ifl'
er ent
p a rts of the body , and veins br ing it back to the h eart. Th ere a r e otherd ifi
‘
er ences wh ich it is the p rovince of p hysicians to point out. IVe saythe veins if the earth , the veins of a fl int , &c . Seu durat magis
(cal or ) etvenas astr ingit h iantes. Virg . t eth er the h eat makes theearth ha rder, and contracts its veins too much relaxed . Silicisvenis abst rusas ignis . Id . Venae auri et ‘ argenti. Cic. Malefoecund aevenap er iret aquae. Ovid . Figuratively Vena ben igna ingen i i . H or .
Pr ior is venae aevum. Ovid . Teneat orator opor tet venas cuj usquegeneris, ze tatis, ordinis . et corum apud quos aliqu id agit, mentessensusque d egustet. Cic.
— ASPERA A RTERIA , the wind-
p ipe tha tca rries the a ir into the lungs . Asp era arteria ost ium h ab et adj unctum l inguae rad icibus , et p auio sup ra
‘
quiim ad l ingnam stomach usannectitur , eaque ad pulmones usque pertinet , excip itque an imameam, quee duota sit sp iritu, eandemque apulmonibus resp i rar, et
r edd it. Cic.
288 . Articulate. Ar ticulat‘
m .
ART ICULATE is only used in a fi gura tive sense, and sign ifiesnamely , especia lly , particula rly . V alebis igitur, et puellae salutemarticulate di ces , nostraeque Piliaa. C ic.
— ART I CULAT IM , fromj ointto j oint, to bits , to p ieces. Puerum obtruncat, membraque art icala tim divid it . Cic. Fi g ura tively : f rom po int to point, distinctly .
Q uze fuse ol im d isputabantur ac l iberé , ea nunc ar ticulatirn d istincteque d icuntur . Cic .
289 . Artifex. Faker . Op ifer . Operar izis. Operce . Opera . fil er
cena r tus.
ART I FEX, from ars and facere ) a n a rtist, who follows the p rincip les of h is a r t. Qui distingues ar tificem ab insci o Cic. Artifexc o rp orum, Id ., a pa inter , a statua ry . Dicend i artifices et doctorese ci. Id . Figuratively Artifex ad cor rumpend um judicium.
S kilful in corrup ting j udges .— FABER , a workman in hard mater ia ls ,
a hammerer . Fabe r tignar ius, C ic. , a ca rpenter . M'
armoris aut
ebor is fabros.
aut aeris amavit . H OF.— OPIFEX , (Opus faci ens ) an a r
t ificer or mechan ic. Opus op ificem p robat. Ph aed . Figura tivelyV erborum op ifex ignobilis . Cic.
— OPERAR IUS , a day- ta le urer , a
workman . Ut r llm d e b onis quzerendum, qui d baj ul i atque operar ii ,an quid h omines d octissimi senser int?C ic .
— OPERA and 0 9 3 111 12 a r e
taken in the same sense . Accedes op era agro nona Sab ino . H or .
I will send you to work the g round with the eigh t slaves I have at myhouse in the country g
”
the Sabines. Brat mih i contentio non cumvictore exercitu, sed cum op e ris cond uctis .
— MERCRNAmus , (fi omme rces ) a mercenary , one who works fb r money . Ilh nerales et sor
d idi quuestus mercenar io rum sunt omn ium. C ic . I t is contra ry to
gratuitus. Mer_cenar ii gratuitis , imp ii religiosis non sunt antefe
rendi . Cic.290 . Ar tificialis. Ar tificiosus.
ART I F IC IAL I S, artificia l, what is the fl eet of ar t. Artificiales
70
ignorant, because he has not learnt nor been taught any thing. Quidnunc te, as ine, litteras d oceam Cic. Ignarus ph ilosoph ia . Id .
296. Asper. Sa lebrosus.
ASPER , (synonymous with salebrosus ) rough , uneven,
Aspe r locus . Cic. Jugurn aspe rum. Ca s. Figura tivelyanimus. Liv. Asp e ra vita. Ph a d .
— SALEBao sus , ( f romp roperly , tha t cannot be passed but by leap ing over a p lace wherepass is dangerous. Non tam salebrosus , ut ante ( locus ) . Virg . Pi
guratively Salebrosa et ex iliens orati o , Sen ., a discourse that is
smooth .
297 . Asper are. Et asperare. Acerbare. Exacerbare.
Aseans a a , to roughen, to make uneven. Asp e rat e ass erem, ne
s it euntibus lubr icus . Col. Asperat undas hyems. V i rg . S axo
p ugionem asperare, Tac has the same mean ing . Figuratively Ita
mod erans, ne lenire n eve aspe rat e crimina vid eretur . Tac. Asperare iram. Ii — Ex zssp z na n s adds to the mean ing of asperare, bothin the proper and thefi gurative sense. Concussas Triton ea perat
undas . Ovid. Exasperati animi . LIV.— ACERBARB, (properly , to
ma ke sharp ) is only used in thefigurative sense. Et formid ine cr i
men acerbat, Virg., by a pretended f ea r he wishes to give morestreng th to h is accusa tion.
- EXA CERBARE adds to the idea of acerbare. Exacerbata sup erb ia. Liv.
298 . Aspergere. Rigare.
ASPERGERE , to bespr inkle. ~
Aramsangu ine aspergere . Cic. Fi
gura tively Si ill ins cornitatem tua gravitat i asperser is, Cic. , if youseason your gravity with the gentleness of h is manners. Sal es o rati on i aspergere . Id . H a c asp ers i , ut sei res, &c.
.Id ., 1 have slightly
touched that po int, in order tha t you should know , &C .— RIGARE, to
water,to ba the. Fons circumjectos ir r igat agros . Q . Curt. Ro re
‘
r igare . Cic. Figuratively Rigare ingema, Cic. , to enlighten minds .
Aseensw , the act of besp rinkling. Aspers io aqua . Cic.- As
PERGO , the spr inkling itsef Salsa Spumant aspergine cantes. V i rg .
300 . Asp ira re. I nsp ira re.
A SP IRARE , sp i rare ad ) to brea the or blow towards. V entosasp irat cunt i , uno . ) Virg . Asp i rant aura in noctem. Id . Figur atively : Primo asp irat fortuna lab ori. Virg. H a c ad cam lau
d em, quamvolumus, awirare non possunt . Cic. Omnesque adi tustuas inte rclusi , ut ad me asp irat e non posses . Id .
— INSPI RARE, toblow in, to f orce into by blow ing . Insp 1rantes ramis arborum aura .
Quint . Figuratively : Venenum insp irans morsibus. Virg. Occul
tum inSp ires ignem. Id .
301 . Assecla . Assectator . Cliens . Deductor. Sa lutator .
AS SECLA , ( f rom sequi ) an attendant on g reat people. Assecla
patricio rum. Cic . And in another sense : Assecla mensarum, Cic.,
a parasite . - AS S ECTATO R is of a more distingu ished sort, one in the
r etinue of a grandee. Quidam assectator ex numero amicorum.
tum .
71
Cic .— CLIEN8 , a client, a vassal. P0pu1i Gallorum clientes. Ga s.
The peoplevassals of the Gauls, who are under the protection of theGauls . Clien s ts opposed to patronus. Assecla officiosus est ; clienssubmlSSUS .
— DEDUCTOR , among the Romans, was thus d is tingf ront SALUTATOR the la tter was onewho went early tn themorn ingto pay h is respects to people of consequence , and deductor adhered to
one patron, to whose house he repa ired a t day-break, in order to wait
till he got up, and to walk by the s ide of h is litter wh en he went out.Ded uctorum oflicium quod majus est quam salutatorum. Cic Bjusautem re i tre s sunt panes , una salutatorum, cum domam veniunt ;altera ded uctorum ; te rt ia assectatorum. Id .
302. Assensus . Consensus.
As seusus , (f rom assentiri ) assent, approbation. Assensu suo
comp robare al iquid . Cic. Sustinere se ab omn i assensu Id — CON
SENSUS , consent of many , agreement or accord. Vulgi voluntas , velp otins consensus omn ium. Cic . Omn ium ord inum consensus. Id .
f iguratively . Convenientia consensusque natura . Cic. Assensumcoh ibere ab meertis rebus, p rud entis est ; b onorum consensum divellere , sed itiosi. G. D . Assensus is rather a motion of themindand consensus, the work of the will.
303 . Assentir i. Consent ire. Permittere. Siner e.
AS SENT IRI and AS SENT I RE, to be of another’s mind or op inion.
De quibus h abeo ipse qui d sent iam, non h abeo autem qui d tib i assentiar . Cic. Cavend um est me h is rebus temere assentiamus. Id .
-CONSENT I RE . to consent, to agree or accord with oth ers. Gonsensecant inflammare urbem. Liv. Neque se cum ca teris Belgis con
sensisse, Ca s h tha t they had not consp i red with the rest of theBelga .
S i consenserint possesores non vendere. Cic. Figura tively : Inter
se omnes partes cum quod am lep ore consentiunt. Cic.— PERM IT
TERE , m1ttere per ) properly to send through . Concitant equos, permittuntque in b ostem. Liv. It is genera lly used in the sense of to
p ermit, to grant, to g ive up to, to intrust with , to ref er to . Lex j ubet,aut permittit, aut vetat. Cic. Totum t ib i negot ium p ermisi. Id .
Sententus j ud icumvitam alicuj us permittere. Id . Consulibus per
missa est reSpublica . Id — S I NEK E , to saf er or let one do a th ing , toput no h inderance to. S ine utveniat. Ter . S ine nuncmeo me vivere modo . Id .
304. Assequi. Consequi .
ASSEQU IMUR, says Popma, quem invia sequimur ; consequimur
p ropri e , cum eum, qui nos in itinere p raced it sequentes, tandem
ubi ille est,vel constitit , perven imus . S i es in via, cum eris meassecutus, coram agemus . Cic. Ito. cito , j amvos assequar . Plaut.
Nunc tu p ropera, ut nos consequare. Cic . Figuratively : Assequi
is used for grand and d ifiicult th ings . Eosd em sumus h onorumg rad us
,quos i lli , as secuti . Cic. N ih il sequere quod assequi mequens .
Id — CON SEQU I , in afigurative sense s ignifies to obta in several th ings.Dignitatem et gloriam consequin
Cic. Omn ia qua ne per p opulum
quidern sine sed itione se assequi arbitrabantur , per Semarum con
secuti sunt. Id . Consequi has bes ides a particula r significationwhichassequi has not. Liber tatem pax consecuta est. Cic. Assecuta
72
would be bad Latin in the forego ing sentence. Crassus cum d ix isset,silentium consecutum est . Id . Assecutum would be h ighly improper.
305. Assessor . Consessor .
A S SESSOR , (sedere ad ) he who is seated by sornebod a counsellor.Lacedamonii regibus suis assessorem augur em d erunt. Cic.
CON SBS SOR , he that sits with a colleague or pa rtner in the same ofiice.Cur dives pauperem consessorem fastid iret Cic. Testa accusa
to ris, consessores, conviva . Cic.
306 . Asseverare. Asserere. Afi rmare. Confi rmare.
A S SEVERARE, ( from severus ) to assure , to ma inta in ser ious ly .
Asseverabat firmissimé . Cic. Bella i ron ia, si j ocaremur ; sin as
severemus , vide, &c. Id .— ASSERERE, from serere , serui , sertum)
to assert, to a ttribute , to h old . Asserere aliquem ca lo . Ovid. N ih ilig itur asserunt qui in re gerend zi sene
’
ctutem versar i negant . Cic.
Asserere in servi tutem. Liv. Asserere se, Ovi d . , to f ree one‘
s self.Asserere s ibi aliquid . Sueton . Asserere aliquem manu, in l ib ertatem, Cic., to secure l iberty to a person bylaying hands on h im— AFF I RMARE , f rom firmus ) to afi irm, to certify . Affirmar e j ur ej urando . Liv. Omn i tib i asseveratione affirmo , quod mih i credas velim. Cic. Non sole o temeré afii rmare d e aliquo . Id .
— CONFIR
MARE, as synonymous with the other words , is, to confi rm, to strengthenorf ortify. Confirmare aliquid rationibus et argumentis . Cic. Asseveramus nos al iquid fecisse, vel facturos ; qua certa sunt allirmamus ;r em argumentis confirmamus ; tor torum cruciatus martyres ca loasserebant, aut in servitutem. G . I) . An oath is used in order to afi rma nd new pr oofs ar e emp loyed in order to con rm.
307 . Assidi re (2d Asside‘re (3d
AS S IDERE, ( sedere'
ad ) to sit by. Sth enius est is qui n ob is assideL -Cic . Figuratively Parcus assidet insano , H or ., th ere is littled ifi
‘
erence between a stingy man and a madman .— AS S IDERE, to sit
one’s self down , to go and sit down by. Et s imul assid amus, sividetur . C ic. Th isverb is sometimes used with an accusative case. Adh erbalem dex traassidit, he s its h imself down at the r igh t hand
308 . Assiduti . Con tinenter .
AS S IDUE,Men, with assiduity . Assidueveniebat . Virg. Assid uissimé mecum fuit Dionys ius . Cic.
— CONT INEN T ER , ( tenerecum. ) 1 . W ithout interrup tion. Belga cum Germanis continenterb ellum gerunt. Ga s . 2. Moderately . Honestum est parcé , continenter , seve re, s obrievivere . C ic.
309 . Assiduus. Continuus .
AssmUUS , (sede re ad ) ass iduous . Cassid es fuit assiduus mecum.
C ic. Fletu amici assiduo augetur amici molestia. Id .-CONT INUUS,
gene re cum) close together, touch ing each oth er , without intermiss ion.
1as cont inuos complures in li tto re convivusque j acuisti . Cic.
Tanaquil p eregrina muli er tantummuli ri potuit an imo , ut duo cont inua regua vir o , ac d einceps genero dederit. Liv. In the twof oregoing sentences assid uos and ass idua would be bad Latin.
loss. Id mih i fraudem tulit. Cic. 2. Fraud, disguise. Frans quasivnlpeculze videtur. Cic. Frans is not a lways understood if a bad
des ign . Fraude p ia. Ovi d—FALLAC IA , chea t, imposture, is sa id ofhimwho speaks oneway, and acts quite the contrary . H ic ex fraude ,fallaciis, mend aciis constare totus videtur. Cic. Perd itiss imi esth ominis fallere euru qui laasns non esse t, n is i cred id isset. 1d . Fransis particularly sa id (J deceit in acting , and fallacia of deceit inspeaking .
315. Asylum. Perf ug ium. Profugium. Refug ium.
A SYLUM, (fi om a privative and wh y, sp olium) a sanctua ry , a
p r ivileged pl ace, a p lace cf ref uge. E fan o Dianna servnrn sunm,
qui in illud asylum confugisset, abdux it. Cic.— PERFUGIUM, a place
of saf ety. C ommune perfngium domus. Cic.— Pa o r ucwm, a r e
mote place of saf ety
, the means of avoiding an evil. Ex ilium, non
supplicium est, se'
fp rofngium, p or tusque salutis . Cic. C icero ca lls
death paratum p ro uglum. ref uge, retreat. Regum,
populornm, nationnm p o rtus erat et refugium Senatus. Cic. Prox
1ma domus refugium est, to one closely pursued bya th ief ; sed non
p erfuginm, n is i bené clausa sit. A manf orced to leave h is own countryp rofuginm quant it apud ex teras nationes . G . D .
316 . Ater . N ig er. Pullus .
ATER is sa id «y a coal -black colour. Tam excoctam red dam, tama tram, quam carb o est . Ter . Calculus ater. Ovid — N i s an is said
of a dark and deep black colour . N octis nigrmumb ra . Lucret. Ne
mns n igrum. Virg . N igris ocul is, n igr oqne cap illo . Hor . fi gu
r atively: Hic n iger est ; h unc tn, Roman e , caveto . H or .— PuLLUs ,
bla ckish , a deep or dark g ray colour. Agna pulla , H or . , is a sheepof a dark gray colour agna n igra is a sheep quite black. Ficus pnlla.
H or . Pullus was the colour of the clothes of the common people ofRome, a nd of mourn ing. Pullata turba, Quintil. , the rabble. Pulla
t oga, Cic., a mourn ing gown.
3 17. Athleta. Gladia tor . Pug il. Lan is ta . Mirmillo . Retiar ius . Seeulor. Bestza r ius.
ATHLETA (f rom aam; a figh ting ) was the general name g”
all
those whowere admitted to fight in publ ic games . A champ ion. C011]
Mil o j am senex esset, ath letasque se in curriculo exercentes vi der et , aspex isse lncertos suos d icitur , illacrymansqne d ix isse : Et h iqui dem j ammortui sunt. C ic.
- GLADxA r o n , (f romglad ius ) a gladintor, one who among the old Romans , to amuse the p eop le, f ough twith a sword in the amp h itheatre, either willingly or f orci bly , aga instoth er champ ions , or wild- beasts. Ut rep enteglad iatores p opulo nond ebitos polliceretur . C ic. Atliletze et glad iatores n ih il nee vitandofaciunt cauté , nec petend o veh ementer. l d .
— LAN I STA fr omlan ius ) w as the name g iven to those who bough t, bred up , or sold gladia tors. H ic h uper se ad lauistam contulit . Cic . Figuratively La
n istis JEtolis dimicavit. Liv. H e f ough t a t the ins tiga tion of theJEtolians . a gladia tor, a rmed af ter the manner of the
Gauls , with a sh ield, scythe and helmet, wi th the figure of a fi shupon the crest. Quem gladiatorem non ita appellavit, nt in terd
etiam M. Antonius appellar i s ole t ; sed ut appellant ii qui plane
75
Latiné loqnuntur , mirmillo in Asiad epugnavit. Cic. Th is sort Qfchampion f ough t aga inst another called RET IA RI US . The latter infigh ting made use of a net, wh ich he th rew on his opponent, endeavouring to get h im so entangled by it, as to be deprived of the use of hislimbs, and of themeans of def ending h imself . Retiar io pugnante ad
versus mirmillonem cantatnr , Non te p eto ; p iscem peto : qu id mefugis, Galle Fest — Secm on from sequi ) was so called, becausehef ough t r unn ing away . Ergo ign ominiamgraviorem er tnlit omn ivulnere cumGracch o j ussns pugnare secutor. Juven . z s
'
r rAmus ,
(f rom b est ia ) one whofough t with wi ld - beasts at p ublic shows, eitherh i red or condemned to it. Glad iator ibus et bestiariis Rempublicamobsidere. C ic.
— PUGI L , (f rom pugnus ) a boxer. Pugiles et iam cumfer innt adversar inm in j actand is ceestibus ingemiscunt. Cic. Theywere armed with [eat/tern gauntlets loaded with lead.
3l 8 . Atr ium. Porticus . Vestibula r/13
ATR IUM amongst the ancient Romans was a la rge ha ll at the entrance «y
r houses, wh erein theyused to dine, and to keep the statues ofthei r ancestors. I t was in that hall that cl ients stood, as well as thosewho went to make thei r court to the great men . Atria servantemp ostico falle clientem. H or . Th ere were a lso halls of this kind at
the entrance of temple s. Quaesti ones urgent Milonem quee sunt h a
b itae in atri o liber tatis . Cic.— Po an cus , (f rom p orta?
a porch or
gallery , a covered walki ng-place with p illars , a portico . n po rticibns
deambulantes d isputabant ph ilosoph i. Cic.— VEST i BULUM, (f rom
Vesta, whose altar was generally p laced in that part ) a fi r e-court,vestibule,fi rst entrance. Primo ad ituvestibuloque p roh ibere aliquem.
Cic. Figura tively Vestib’
ulum et aditus ad rem al iquam. Cic.
319 . Attellance fabulce . Mimi.
ATTELLANE YABULEE were a sort of p lays intermixed w ith comical and trag ica l reflections . The subj ect of the [able was some ihter esting event of the life of a hero and the choruses were f ormed bySatyrs, who sung the p ra ises of Bacchus, and sa id many merry th ingsto amuse the specta tors. These p lays were called Attellanze , f romAttella , a city (y the Osei , wherein th ey had or ig inated among theLa‘
t ins. Quod genus’
lud ornm (Attellanaa) ab Oseis acceptum tenui tj uventus, nec ab h istrionibus pollui passa est. Liv. Venio nunc ad
j ocationes tuas , quando tn , non ,ut olim solebat, Attellannm ; sed ,
ut nunc fit, mimum introd uxisti. Cic.— MIM I , in the sense we con
°
s ider th is wor d here,were r idiculous and wanton plays, in wh ich the
dancing , gestures and songs suited the obscen ity of the subj ect. Scribere si fas est imitantes turp ia mimos . Ovid .
320 . Attenuare. Er lenuare.
Although these twoverbs seem to be used ‘without anypart icular d istinction
,their mean ing however can be distinguished. ATTENUARE
is less exp ressive than EXTENUARE. The former s ignifies to maketh in, to make slender ; and the la tter, to make very th in, very slender.Attenuant j uvennm vigilatae corpora noctes . Ovid. Ex tenuant
would express more. Ae'
r extenuatns in sublime fer tnr . Cic. Attenuatns would te less exp ressive. Figuratively Attenuatum d icend i
genus. Cic. Attenuare curas. Ovi d. Ex tenuare would express
more. Extennatur Spes , et evanescit. Cic. Attenuatur would ex
p ress less .
321 . Avaritia . Avid itas .
AVARIT I A (f rom ave re ) is sa id if him u ho acts too sting ily orn
figardly. Est autem avar itia Op inatio veh emens de p ecuni a quas id e expetenda sit, inh aerens ac p enitus ins ita . Cic. Avaritia pe
cunia: studium h abet . Sall. - AV 1D 1TA S is sa id cf h im who covetsevery th ing he has not, who is never sat isfi ed with whatever he mayg et. H uj ns mend icitas a1 1d 1 tat1 conj uncta in fortunas n ostras im
minebat . C i c. Horace has used avarns in the s ignifica tion of avid us .
Pra ter laud em nullius avaris . Avarns deligh ts in possess ion, and
makes no use of what he gets : he dep rives h imself of what is es:
pensive. Avid ns covets ga in and p rofi t, and very seldom strives tog et unprofitable th ings.
322. Auctionar i. Venundare. Vendere. Venditare. Mancipare.
AUCT IONARI , from augere ) to make an open sale, to g ive publicnotice of goods, slaves, &c., to be sold by auction. Dej otarus auctionatus est, seque expoliari maluit , quam t ib i non pecuniam submi
nistrare . Cic.— VENUNDARE, (quas i dare ad venum) to expose to
sale . Sevennm apr imo ribus datos. Liv IVhom the g reat peoplehad exposed to sale — VEND ERE , not only to expose to sale, but a lso tosell. Vendo meum non plnr is quam canteri . Cic.
— VEN D I TARE, ( its
frequentative ) to strive to sell, to sell g len . Istius omn ia decreta ,
impe ria, l iteras peritissime et call idissime vend itabat. Cic. As a
seller generally cr i es up h is own goods, vend itare has been used to signify to extol, to pra ise. Per illos se p leb i venditare. Liv.
— MAN
C I PA RE, not only to sell, but a lso to g ive up one’
s r igh t a nd t itle to a
th ing to another ; to a lienate or make over to another with certa in so
lemn f orms prescribed by the Roman laws, requir ing j ive witnesses, a llRoman ci tiz ens and a rr ived at the age of puberty. Vend itis h ortis sta
tuam Augusti simul mancipavitf>
Tacit. Figura tively a edammancipat usus . H or . Long p ossess ion g ives a title to some things.
323. Auctor . Scr ip tor .
Aucr o a a nd SCR IPTOR , applied to men of letters, who compose andp ublish works, difi
'
er in th is, that scrip tor is only sa id of those whohave published books on belles lettres, or at least isvery seldomused butwith relation to the sty le. Aucto r is sa id Qf a man wri ting on anysubj ect wha tever , and rela tes more to the ground than to the f orm ofthe wor k . Noniiul li ex iis quos lectito auctor es . C ic. Omn es bonarum artium scr ip to res legend i et pervolutand i . Id . Scrip tor p olit issimus . Id . Sheridan is scrip tor politissimus and Shakespea r auctor egregius .
324. Auctor. Consilia r ius. Sansor . Hortator . lmpulsor .
AUCTOR , (f rom angere ) synonymous with the oth ers, is , 1 . He
who makes a mot ion and suppor ts it . Donec labantes cons ili o patresfirmaret auctor nunquam alias dato . H or . 2. He who approves orra tifies . Decrever nnt ut , cum p opulus regem j ussisset, i d s ic ratumesset, si patres auctores fierent. Liv. 3. One vested with orig ina lpower and right. Turn illi intellexerunt, se i d quod a male anctore
mimic.“
ih lj me .
78
idle rumours or stories, to be fond (J tittle ~ tattle.— VBNAR1 , to hunt,is particula rly sa id of hunting stags and deer, sec.
fipros venat i.
Cic. Ap ros aucupar i would be an imp roper exp ression. igurativelySunt qui pomis et crustis vi duas venentur avaras , H or ., there arepeople who , bymeans of smal l p resents, endeavour to impose on ava rieiaus wid ows. Phced rus, speak ing o/
"
a coquet, says : Oculisvenantemvi ros.
328 . Audacia . Aud entia .
AUDAC IA , audaciousn ess, p resumption, impudence . It is generallytaken in a bad sense. Audacia expertm h omo . Liv. Audacia non
contrar ium est fidentize , sed appositum ac p rOpinquum, et tamemVitium est. Cic. I t is used sometimes in a g ood sense. Quod si d eficiant vi res , audacia cer té laus crit . Propert .— AUDENT IA , assw
rance, confidence, is taken in a good sense. Rara et p rivata cuj usqueaud entia . Tac. Tu ne cede malis, sed contra aud entior ito . V i rg.
Audentia shows f ortitude and assurance audacia shows haught inessand rashness .
329 . Audax . Temera r ias.
AUDAx, audacious , bold , resolute . Audax ad facinus . Cic.
H omo petulans et audax . Id . Audax omn ia p erpeti . Hor . Audax
does not always imp ly the idea of vice. Audaces fo rtuna juvat. Virg.
— T £ MERAR IUS , one bel ieving or acting g iddily , and a t a ll events.H omo temerar ius et audax . Cic Temerar ium magis quam audax
consilium. Liv. Teme raria fama p opularis. Cic. Audacter h oc
dico , non temeré confirmo. Id . Audax n ih il t imet ; temerariasnon attendi t. G. D .
330. Audientia . Aud itio. Auditus.
AUDI ENT IA , audience , attention g iven to a discourse . Illi p ra cofaciebat audientiam. Cic. Max imam aud ientiam orationi mete im
p rob itas illins factura est. Id . hearing , as of a lectureor discourse , hearsay or report. Fabellarum aud itione duci. Cic.
H is rumor ibus atque aud itionibus permoti. Id .— AUD ITUS , the sense
of hearing. Aspectu, aud itu, tactu, odo re, gustatu. Cic. Auditiones fictae, quibus auditus smpius pate t, audientiamFacere solent.G. D .
331 . Audire. Ez audire. Inaud ire. Auscultare.
AUD I RE, to hear, to hearken . Attenté aud i re verba alicuj us. Cic.
-EXAUD IRE, to h ear perf ectly. Max imavoce , ut omnes exaudire
p ossint , dico . Cicx Audi re would not have the same energy . Audi reand exaudire are also used to s ign ify to hear f avourably . In quo
Dii immortales meas preces aud ierunt . Cic. Nulli exaudita Deorumvota precesquemete . Virg.
— 1 11 11 11 11 1 3 15, to hear secretly , to overhear. Cons ilia sunt in ita d e me, qua: te vid eo inaud isse. Cic . Cred oego j am illum inaudisse mih i esse th esaurum d omi . Plant . theparticiple passive is used in a quite contra ry sense, and s ignifies un
h eard oj i N ih il dicam ant inaud itum vob is, aut cuiquam n ovum.
Cic. Crudelitas inaudita. Id .— AUSCULTARE (quas i aure occul
tare ) , to hear lzen or listen to . Auscultare ab ost i o . Plaut. Au
sculta paucis . Ter. Nam istis mag is aud iend um quam auscultandumceases . Cic. Te auscultabo lubens. Ter . Auscultare alicui has asense d ifi
'
erent f rom auscultare aliquem. It means not only to listen
mad am
7
to attentively, but also to do what we ar e desired, to obey . Mih i ausculta, vide me tib i desis. Cic.
332. Audire a liquem. Audientem esse alicui .
AUD IRE ALIQUEM, as we consider it here, is to take lessons of one,to believe one. Veniunt etiam qui me aud iant, quasi doctum h ominem. Cic. Ego te d e rebus illis non audiam. Id .
— AUD I ENTEM nssn
ALIGUI , to obey one. Ut aud iens dicto esset h u ic o rd in i . Cic. 1 15
nob is dicto aud ientes sunt, ut s imul atque velimus, accurrant. Id .
333. .dve. Salve. Vale.AVE, ( imperative of avere ) I wish you much p rosper ity , be happy .
— SALVE, ( imper ative (y salvere) farewell ! God save you adieu !Aveto. Sal]. At the conclus ion of Ca tiline
’
s letter to Ca tulus . Aveatque salve . Auson.
— VALE, ( imperative of valere ) take care of yourh ealth . Vale , mi Tyro , val e , vale , et salve . Cic. Salve and valewere used in add ressing even the dead. Salve wternum mih i , max imePalla, re temumquevale . Virg .
334. Avellere . Ez imer e.
AVELLERE, (vellere a) to pull out or of ,denotes some eflbr t. Poma.
s i cruda sunt, vi avelluntur ; si matura et cocta, d ecidunt . Cic.
EX IMERE, ( emere ex ) to take out of: Ex imer e aliquem é vincul is.Cic. Ex imere aliquem de proscr iptorum numero . Id . FigurativelyDiem dicendo ex imere. Cic . Eximere curam. Plaut.
335. Avertere. Averruncare. Avocare.
AVERTERE, (vertere a) to turn away . Fuisse neminem, quin re
moyeret oculos, et se to tum aver teret. Cic. Ave rtere b ostem aportis. Cans. Figuratively : Averte re ab infamia. Cic . Cogitati onamiser iis avertere . Id .
— AV ERRUNCARE, to turn or take away whatever hurts , to
'
aver t an impending misfortune. Placuit averruncandaeDeum iraavictimas caed i. iv. In Cato it expresses the cutting ofsuperfluous branches .
— AVOCARE , (vocare a) to ca ll of or a side .Metus afoed issimis factis p otest avocare . Cic. Avocat a rebus gerendis senectus. Id . A foed o spectaculo caput aver timus ; vitaecup id itas avocat apemicioso cons ili o ; Dei i ram p recibus averruncamus. G . D .
336 . Aversar i . Dep recar i.
AVERSARI , (f rom avertere ) to turn f rom one, and look anotherway, either through horror or contemp t. Aversar i advocati, e tiamvix ferre p osse . Cic. Figuratively Aversar i p reces, to rej ectp rayers .
— DEPRECA RI , (p recari dc) to pray or wish aga inst a th ing,to beg of Dep recar i sanguinem et mortem innocentissimi civis .
Cic. It is sometimes used in opposition to p recari. Seepé precor mor
tem, mo rtem quoque d ep recor idem. Uvid . It is a lso used in the senseof begg ing earnestly . Vitam alicuj us ab aliquo d ep recari. Cic.
337. Aufer r e. Adimer e. Er ipere. Dir ipere. Subr iper e.
AUFERRE, (ferre a) to take or carry away . Quod custodire nonpoterunt, id enferre et abducere liceb it . Cic. Figuratively Hi ludiqumdemm d i es auferent. Cic. These games will last a fortnight, or
80
will occasion the loss qf fourteen days . Ne te auferant aliorum con
s ilia, Id ., do not f ollow the counsels of other peop le. —AD IMERE, to
remove, to take Qfi Pecuniam si cui fortuna ad emit, aut alicuj user ipui t injuria. Cic. Sp em d ed ition is non ad emit. Id . Primum ut
Caesari ali quid adimat, indeut Pomp e i o al iqu id tr ibuat. Id .— ER1
15mi n, ( rap ere é ) to ta ke away byf orce . Quod in unaquiique re
beneficio p opul i Roman i h abebam, tu mih i eripuisti, atque abstu
l ist i. Cic.— D IR IPERE, (d iversim rap ere ) to snatch away by f orce ,
to tear asunder or in p ieces, to ransack. Dir ipere fortunas. Cic. Dirip ere soci os et p rovincias . Id .
— SUBR IPEn1 ( rap ere sub ) to steal
p rivily, to take away by stea lth . Cap tivum é custodiasubripere . Cic.
Virtus nec eripi nec subrip i p otes t. Id .
338 . Aufizger e. Efl‘
ugere. D ifi'
ugere. Subterfugere.
AUFUG ERE, (fugere ab ) to flyf rom. Jam aliquantum spatii ex
eo loco , ubi pugnatum est, aufugerant . Liv. ~ —EFFUGERE, not onlyto fly, but also to escap e from. Eifugit rex é manibus. Cic. V in;
cula efl'
ugere. H or .— D 1 FFUGERE, (d iversim fugere ) to fly away
in a ll directions . In p rox imas d ilapsi s ilvas , inde domos d ifl'
ugerunt .
Liv.— SUBTERFUGERE, to escap e o r get away secretly , to g ive one the
slip . Sub terfugere militiam simulatione insaniaz. Cic. Criminumvim subterfugere. Id .
339 . Augur. Auspex . Aruspex. Vaticinans .
f rom avis and gero , or garr io ) an augur he who f oretells the events of afi
‘
airs by th efly ing , s ing ing , or f eeding Qf bi rds.
Est augurum ante dicere ea quaevitasi possunt. Cic. Augurs weremag is trates , whose p rovince it was toforetell futuri ty by inspecting theflying , sing ing , or f eeding of birds , and to expla in dreams, oracles,and p rodig ies. Th ey were orig inally of a patri cian extraction. Romuluscrea ted th ree of th em, and Servius Tullius added one to tha t number .Af terwards the tribunes of the people ins isted upon five more beingcreated out of the p lebeians. Sylla addedfifleen others to thei r number
, so tha t the college (y’
augurs cons isted tf f our -and - twenty p ersons .
The ofiice of an augur was a public one, and a s ituation for life .
AUSPEX, (f romavis and the obsolete spicere ) a diviner by birds , onlyin a transitory way. The consuls themselves consulted the omens inp rivate cases . Quad si illa p recatio solemnis consular ibus auspiciis
consecrata. Cic. Ausp ex ZS a lso sa id cg“a protector. Teucro duce ,
et ausp ice Teucro . H o r .— Anus p ex , or HARUSPEX , (f rom am and
sp icere ) a diviner, one of the p r iests who among the ancient Romansf oretold f uturi ty by inspecting the entra ils of victims , and examin ingevery circumstance p receding or a ttending the sacrifice. I t was l ik ewise th eir qfi
‘ice to explain prodig ies, and to make exp iatory (fi br ingsto the gods , in order to avert impending disasters. Cum h arusp icesex tota Hetrur iaconvenissent , to tias nrb is et imp e ri i occasum app rop inquare d ixerunt. C ic_
— VA '
r xcmAN s , ( f rom vates and 011
ncre ) a f oreteller of th ings to come. Vaticinans is the elj'
ect of furyand enthus iasm and h a r usp ex , the ej
'
ect of ar t. Omn is d ivinandip et itie in duas parses d ivid itur ; namaut furo r es t, ut invat icinante ;aut are, ut m h arusp icibus . Cic.
82
—DEVOLA RE, tofly down. Constatvulturem frequenti fo ro in tab ernam devolasse. Liv. Devolare d e emlo . Id . Figuratively “Devolan t d e tribunal i, ut lictor i aux il i o essent . Liv.
'
— Ev0 LARE, toflyupwards.
-Ex arbo re evolat ales nuncia J ovis . Cic. f igurat iv‘
elyEvolare ex severitate judicis . Cic. Tantus cursus verbovum fuit, ets ic evolavit orati o . Id .
345. Aura . Ventus . Flatus . Flamen. Flabrum. Flabellum.
AURA , a gentle gale, a breez e. Et levis impulsos retrd dabat auracap illos. Ovid . Figuratively . Aura rumoris . Cic. Aurae popular ish omo , Liv., a man who seeks f or popula r f avour or applause— VENTUS
, the wind in general, the air blowing fromoneplace to another withmore or less violence . Affluens a
'
e'
r hue et illuc ventos efficit . Cic.
fi gurat ively Omn es rumorum et concionumventos colligere. Cic.
— FLATUS , (f rom flare ) a gentle breez e, a moderate ag ita tion (f the
a ir caused by the w ind. I t is generally sa id . of a f avourable wind.
Prosp e ro flatu uti. C ic.— FLAME } ! is used in poetry j or an impetuous
wind . Fugant inductas flamina nubes. Ovid — FLABRUM , and (better ) FLABRA , the blowing of the wind s . I t, is only used in poetry .
_Ergonon hyemes, ill am, non fiabra , neque imb res convellunt. .
Virg.
.Boreae fiab ra . Propert .— FLABELLUM ( its diminutive ) is afan. Tenu i
ventos movisse flabello. Ovi d . Figuratively : Cuj us lingua, quas iflabello sed itionis, illa t1
‘
1m est egentium conci o ventilata . C10 .
346 . Aureus. Aureolas . Auratus . Auri/‘
er .
AUREUS , of gold, made if gold. Aureus ramus. Virg.— A
LUS, ( its d iminutive ) of the colour if gold.
‘
Aureolummalum, Col . ,an orange. It is more commonly used in afigurat ive sense excellent,w orth gold. Aure olas libellus . Cic. Oratiuncula aureolax d dA URA
'
r us , g ilt or gi ld ed. Currus auratus .- Cic.
— AUR IF1-:n , (aurumferens ) tha t bears or producesgold. Aurifera arbor. Cic.
AURIGA , (f rom aurea, | the head-sta ll of a br idle, and agere ) a cha
,r iotefl , a cha riot-dr iver. H ie j acet Ph aeton currfis auriga pat erni .Ovid. .Figuratively Aur igamvid e o vela d ed
'
mse rati . OVld .—AG I
I ATo a , la driver o/cattle or of a vehicle. ' Nec est melius quicquam,
,qahm ut Lucullus, _sustineat curt um equosque, ut b on
’
us stepé agi tato r . Cic. Seepe ole o tard i costas agitator a selli, vilibus aut onerat
,p omis . Virg.— AGA SO , a horse- keep er, a groom of a stable. -Acce tos
it) agasonibus equos . Q .Curt . Duo equi ph alerati cum agasoni us .
1 17.
348 .2Auris. Aur icula .
Aunts , an ear , the sense 91’
hearing. Aures cumd ebeant, qui natura. in subl ime le rta r, recté in alt isbus collocatzz sunt . Cic.
— AnawuLA ,
‘
theflap g”
t
pa rt a t the entrance of the ‘
ear it is often used formi tto auri culas ut iniquaementis asellus . H or . Aur iculam fortassemordicfis abstulisset. Cic. Aurem would not do well at a ll .
349 . Auritus . Auritulus .
Avm'
r us, having large or long ears, hear ing well. Aurioosque
1mm1.d
.83
sequi lepores. V i rg. Figuratively éxDoctum. et auritas fid ibus ca
n oris ducere q uercus. H or . Aur itp s testis, Plaut.” has a . d ifl'
erent
,mean ing 5 it is a.witnesswho relates a th ing wh ich he has heard — Av
- R ITULUS , gits diminutive ) having small ears. . It is ludicrous] .that
Pheed r us ca is . an ass aur itulus. .H ic aur itulus clamorem -su um- tolIit totis viribus.
350. Z usterus.
AUSTERUS , austere, persons and th ings.stera et so
dere remus ' aquas . O‘
Mo res rigi d i . Ovid .
Mime rigidze . . Id . A .man is aust erin h is way of th ink ing and j udg ing ;andf org ives noth ing .
S'
351 .
’
Avus. Pr oavus .. Abavus.
'Atavus.
Avo s, a grandfather. Vir avo ,Cic.—PROAVUS , a -
g reat‘
a great;rand
f ather’
sf atha F ATAvus , thegreat -grandfather } gr and/amen: ater,,avus, p roavus, Cic. Poets sametimeslhavé deviatedf rom the above o rder '
of consanguinity, , the f oregoingwords to express ancestors Maecenas atavis ed ite. reg1 us. Hor .
352. Ausi li ar i . Adj uvare. Opitular i : Succurrere.
AUXILIAR I , to . increase thes trength . N ih il Numantinis au’
x iliatazsunt c o rp oris vires. Cic
.— JUVARE ,
and ADJUVARE, to elp, to carrya burthen, to ass ist. Tu pueris curre obviam, atque h isonera adjuva.
Ter . Qui . nostros duces aux ili o labor is , commeatfis , p eric'ulo s'
uo
j uver it. Cic. Mui tdm in ca nos tua .humanitas j uyabit. Id .—
.QPITULAR I , ( from Op is, and ferre, tul i ) to ass ist wi th money, or i nterestanybody in want. Ut quisquemax imeOp is indiget, ita ei potissimi
‘
imOp itulari. Cic. Sontibus opitular i poteram. Id .
- SUBVEN IRE, to goto the ass istance Qf . Subvenisti b omin i j am collum in laqueum inserenti . Cic.
— SUCCURRERE, to run orfly to the assistance of: Incenseesuccurr itis urb i . Virg. Subveni patrize , op itulare collegw, omn iumgenti
’
um con sensum et incred ibilem con'
sp irationem Liberales sunt
‘
qui aut in fi liarum collocatione ~adjuvant, aut opi
“
tulantur , vel in re quaerend é vel ap ge’
nd ée Id . Soci isd imicantibusauxiliar i solebant 'Romani ; amicum cOnsi liis et manu 'j uvare fid eli
‘
tatis est ; destitutis, d ebilioribus, - ]apsuris subven ire,~ h uménitatisd eprehens is et p ericlitantibus celerand o succurrimus r ind igenti Opibus, mimi s gratioso gratié op itulé
mur . G. D .
2
853. Auxiliar is. Auxil iar ias.
AUXILIAR I S is genera lly said q/‘
any one coming to g ive assistance.Auxnliar is D ea. Ovid . Duces aux iliares. Liv. Aux iliares equites.Cses .
— Avx1LIARw s is only sa id of aux il ia ry troops. Ped ites auxiliarii. Cass . Miles aux iliarias, a sold ier of aux ilia ry troops. The troopsp rovid ed by the all ies were ca lled aux il ia ry . Aux iliar is amicus in adversis rebus utilis est ; aux iliarius miles, in béllo. G. D .
354 Aux ilium. Adj umcntum. Adj utor ium. Suppetice . Prcesid ium.
Subsid ium.
AUX I LI UM , properly an addition of str ength . Deos immortales il o‘bis contra tantamvim aux ilium esse laturos . Cic. I n the p lura l itexp resses the auxi lia ry f orces sent into
'
the a rmy by the Roman a ll ies .
Magma equitum et ped itum auxilia. Cic.— ADJUMEN TUM, aid ,
sup
port, help . Qui h aben t amantraadj umenta rerum gerendarum. Cic.
PraesidiaPer icul is, et adj umenta h onor ibus quazrend a sunt. Id . A
ph il osoph ia omn ia adj umenta, et aux ilia petamus bené beatéquevivend i . Id .
— ADJUTOR IUM, assistance, succour. Adj utorio leg is elab iex crimine . Quint . Ut ex has eadem soci e tatemo rtalibus adj utor iasenectuti s p rzepararentur . Cic .
— SU PPETUE, from sub and p etere )suppl ies. Su is suppetias mittit. Cas s. Suisque rebus t imens, su isfinibus suppetias p rofectus est . Id . ad understood ) .— PRE S ID IUM ,
( sede re p l'
ii ‘) a body of troops dest ine f or the defence of a place. Consules p raes idia omn ia, d ed uctur i sunt. Cic . Praesid ia p o rt is imp osuit .Liv. It s ignifies a lso a p lace of rlefence, a p ost. Armatos in p raesid iis
,
collocare . Cic. F uratively Insignemce stis p ra‘sid ium reis . H os.
— SUB S ID I UM (se ere sub ) , succour in danger ; whereas pre sidiumsign
'
y‘ies succour to prevent danger. Ad eam mi ttit , n is i subsidium sibi
submittatur , sese d iutii‘
i s sustinere non p osse . Cic. Socio rum invo'
cern subs idium, cfim a civibus interclusum sit praes idium Id . Non
u t ex eaacie aux ilium h aberemus, sed ut ipsa acies subsidium h a
b eret etiam transmar inum. Id . Subs idi um is a body of reserve, therear q/
‘
an a rmy. Jaculato res in fronte locat, Roman os, sociorumque
fwd robor is fu it, in subsidi is firmatos equites in medium accip it .
iv. Figura t ively H aec tria frumentaria subsid ia reipublicse firmissimis preesid iis munivit . Cic. Przesid ia, imo subsidia reipublicae , con .
s ilia, aux ilia . Id . Aux ilium d imicant ibus mittitur ; p re paratur p ras idiam ; subsid ium servatur ; feruntur suppetiae per iclitantibus ; adjumenta reficiunt ; sustentant adj utoria. G. D .
355. Bacchanal ia . Org ia . Dionys ia .
BACCHANALIA , thef easts of Bacchus , celebrated every ot
or, according to others, every third yea r. These f easts, a ti nsti tution, were sp ent in decent amusements but in course of time theydegenera ted into such shock ing debaucheries that it was found necessaryto abolish th em. Sever itatem maj oram senatfis vetus auctoritas deBacph anal ibus d eclarat. Cic . They were a lso called ORGIA f romown, fury) , and were celebrated every third yea r, whence they got the
36 1 . Balteus . Pharetra .
BALTEUS and BALTEUM, a should er or sword belt, a scarf l Auratwvaginae, aurata baltea ill is erant. Liv.— PHARETRA , a quiverram Alter Amaz on ism ph aretram, plenam ue sagittis Trei cus, .
lato ~
quam circumamplectitur auro balteus .
(
li abeto . Virg. The
second shall have an Amaz onian quiver, full of Tracian arrows, withits largegold en belt.
362. Barbar ismus . Solaecismus.
BARBARI SMUS , a barbarism, a fault aga inst thepurity of any lan
us ing bad words or bad sentences. Barbarismus est, cumiquod vitiosé efi
'
ertur . Cic.— SOLCEC I SMUS , a solecism,
an
incongruity of speech against grammar. Solazcismus est, cumverbislur ibus consequens verbum sup eri or i non accommodatur . Cic.
I’tima barbarismi ac soloecismi faeditas absit.
363. Barbar us. Atrox. Immitis. Immanis. Inhumanus. Trua'.D irus. Durus. Ferox. Fer inas. Ferns . Crudelis . Scevus. Teter .Truculentus.
BARBARUS , properly,f oreign. Mare barbarum, Hor ., the f oreignsea , the Indian sea . l ambarbari linguaet natione ill i , quam tu na
turaetmor ibus . Cic. The Greeks called those barbarous who did not
speak p roperly . Barbarus h ic ego sum, quia non intelligor ull i . Ovid .
Cicero uses barbatus in oppos it ion to di ser tus , doctus . G ens imman isac barbara, cui Opponitur humana atque docta. Cic. Qui aliis bar
barus , ist i uni d iser tus vid eretur . Id .— A'
r nox , infl exible, terrible,dreadful. Praeter atrocem animum Catonis . Ho r . Inimicus atrox .
Ter . Atrocissimmlitterse . Cic.— IMM IT I S, (non mitis) sour, unripe,
cra bbed . Uva immitis . H or . Fio ura tively: cruel, without p ity . Immite,minax, que edictum. Cic. MMAN I S , (J an unf eeling nature, ofa bad heart. Immanis natura. Cic. Imman is ac fera b ellus . Id .
I NHUMANUS , without humanity or len ity . Inh umana crudelitas.Liv.-Tnux ,fi erce, savage. Traces ocul i. Cic. H o rr idus ct trux tr i
bunus plebis . Id . Truces inimicitiaa. H on— D ram, d irej’
ul, destruotive,fatal . Dira execratio . Liv. G rando di ra. H on— Dunus , hard,sach as marble, stones , &c. are. Duris genuit te cautibus h ort ensCaucasus . Virg. Figura tively : C orda dura . Ovid . Dura dominacup id itas . Cic. Dura fames. H or .
- Fenox , h igh -spi r ited, is on lysa id of an imate th ings, eith er to pra ise or to blame. Red dit h ominemferociorem impotentioremque V icto ria . Cic . Sceler ibus suis feroxatque praeclarus. Sal]. Ille an imo fe roci negat. Id .
— a mus denotes such quali ties of wild beasts as rela te to th eirmode if living, theirfl esh , their milk, their cr ies, &c. S ib ivictu ferinovitam p ropagabant.Cic. Getulis cibus erat caro ferina. Sall. Ferina ista rab ies es t,sanguine gaudere et vulneribus. Sen.
— a us is sa id of an imate andinanimate th ings. Ferus always implies cruelty , and ferox g l en signyies courage, bravery . Ex feris et immanibus mi tes red d idit etmansuetos. C ic. Feri cultus . Hor . Rude and uncivil manners — CRUDEL I S, a cruel and inexorable man. In alicuj us calami tate crudelemesse . Cic.
— San t o s, furious, is always the eflect q/"
anger . Saavwmemo rem Junonis ob i ram Virg. It s ignifies also brave,f ormidable.Materms se ems in armis.Virg.
—a en,f oul, stink ing, nasty . Aqua
scam
87 .
te terrima. Hor . Figuratively : Libid o tetra. H or . Cicero opposesteter to clar ns . Vir Clar issimns ab h omine teterrimo acerb issimamor te
‘
est affectus. Cic. I t is used j or eruel.‘
In ali os teter. Cic.
Bellum teterrirnum.
’
Id .— TRUCULENTUS , (trux oculis ) one of a f e
r ocz'
ous and savage look .
“
Trucnlen tus aspectu . Cic. Truculentins
se‘
gerebat; quam caeteri .‘Id . Barbat us erudit i p otest ; atrociter mil
namur ; adeo Syllaevictor is immite fuit ingen ium, nt barbaros’
irn
manitate snperaret ; calamitosis illudere inh umannm est ; trucemocteter
’
n sax o durior '
am feroces vir os ali tPh eraeus; non
“
tamems emp er et in
‘omnes et ub ique saevns ; tett um aver ser is, et h orreash ost is trucnlentus et terr ibilis aspectn. G. D .
3645. Bardus.
‘
Stupidusl Hebes . I neptas. Insulsas. Stultus. Fatuus.
Insipiens. Stolidus . Brutus .
BARDUS , dull-wilted, a s imp le and s illy man. Bardum se facere.
Plaut .— STUPIDUS (f rom stupere) , stup id , one whomf ea r or some '
p ass ion h as made insensible. Omnes stup idi timore obmntuerunt. Cic.
-H EBES , properly , blunt. Glad ii h ebetes . Ovid . Figuratively : one
besotted and stuprj ied .
" H ebes-aeqné ac pecns . Cic.— INEPT U S (non
ap tus ) , improper, ury‘itj br . Quem inep tumvocamns, is mild videtur
ad h oc nomen h ab ere, quad non sit ap tus . Cic. Qui ant tempusquid postnlet non videt, ant p lura
'
loqu itur, ant se ostentat, ant
eornm quibnscnm est, vel d ign itatis vel commod i rati onem non h a
bet,~ antr d eniqne in aliqno°
genere ant inconcinnus antmnltus est, isinep tus d icitur . Id .
‘
Inep tavia,‘
Id ., an uncomfortable road — INSULsu s, (s ine sale ) ins ip id , unsavoury it is only used in -
a figurativesense. Sic insulsi ex titerunt, nt n ih il aliud eor nm n is i insulsitas rid eatur . Cic.
— STULTUS , a fool, a s impleton, a sottish man. Credu
l itas stul ta. Ovid . Stnlta IOQnacitas . Cic. Sed stulti sumus, quinos cum P. C lodi o conferre andeamus . Id . that has ~
no
taste -nor savour. Cib i fatui . CO1. Figura tively imper tinent ,'
non
sensical.‘
Stnltumme ex ist imo, fatunmme non ex ist imo . Cic.— IN
S I PIENS , (non sap ere ) unwise one who, know ing the‘
state of th ingsa nd persons, does not see what should .be done. Insip ien ter sp erare.
Cic . Nee quicqnam fortu‘
nato insip i ente intolerabilins . Id .- S '
r o
LIDUS,‘
bloclezsh _and giddya t thesame t ime, s tupid lyfeo lish . Id non pro
missurn magis stolide, quam stulté cred itnm. Liv. Fiducia stol ida:Cic. Insip iens fuit Rob oam, qui, sp retis senior um consiliis, j uniorumsententiam secntns est ; stnltns h abeatnr , qui Th ersitem Ach ill i t
c omparut ; imo et stolidus et fatuus, si p rarser tim inepte dictumtueri velit . G . D .
-BRUTUS,' brutish r‘senseless; void of reason. BrutatellusZ
'
H or . Bruta fortune, Cic., becausef ortune is bl ind:
Bas is. Fundamentum.
BAS I S , a base, a support. Basis statues . Cic. Basis triangul i. Id .
[Esopo’
ingentem statuam p osuére Attici , servumqne'
collocarnnt
esterna in basi . Ph aed .— FUNQAMENTUM (f rom fundus) , a f ounda
t ion or groundwork . Operis fundamenta j acere. Cic. FigurativelyV i r tnturn omnium fundamentnm p i etas . Cic.
366. Beatus . Felix . Fortunatus.
BEATUS expresses tha t s ituat ion of mind in which a person is comp letely
'
pleased with his or her wayof l iving, and enj oys every th ing heor she wishes for . Is beatissimns est , qui est totus ap tus ex sese ,qui que in se uno sna p oni t omn ia. Cic. Qui b eatus est, non in
telligo quid requirat ut sit beatio r ; si est en im quod d esit, ne beatusqui dem est . Id . N eque alia h uic verb o , cum b eatum di cimus, subj eeta notio e
'
st, n is i secretis mal is omn ibus, cumulata b on orum omn ium complex io . Id . Beatavox , in Quintilian, is p lena et p e rfectavox .
- F£ L1x part icularly exp resses the state of the heart disposed totaste pleasure, and fi nd it in what it possesses ; happy , prosperous .
Ab omn i laude felix . Cic. Caesar Alexandr iam se recepit, felix , ut,
s ib i quidemvid ebatur mea autem sentent ia, si quis reipnblicae sitinfelix , felix esse non p otest . C ic. Felix is also used actively . S is
bonus 6 felixque. Virg.— FORTUNATUS , favoured byfortune,f or tu
nate . Quis me vivit h odié fortunatior'
I er . Fortunatus et illeDeos qui novi t agrestes. Virg. Felix vulgo ita natus est ; fortn
natns cum opibns nomen accip it . Felix naturae bon o fruitur ; fortunatus, commodo temporis . G. D .
367. Bellare. Prceliar i. M il itare.
BELLARE and BELLAR I , to be at wa r . Bellare cnrn Dns. Cic.
Pictis bellantur Amaz ones armis. Virg.— PRE LIAR I , to fight in
battle. Eud emns p raelians ad Syracnsas occidit. Cic.—MI L ITARE
,
to be a soldier , to bea r a rms. Qui in eadem legi one militabat. Cic.
Libenter h oc et omne mili tabitur b ellum, in tuae spem gratiw, H or .,
1 will take thefi eld th is campa ign and all others, with theview onlyof keeping in your favour. Figuratively Catulus militat in s ilvis.
H or. Di i mecummilitant, Plaut., Thegods a re in myf avour.
368 . Bella tor . Bellicosus.
BELLATOR, a warr ior . Bellator a nus . Virg. Necveri) de bellator ibns solt
‘
im d isputant. Cic. V irg il has sa id bellator equus .
BELLIco sns , valiant in a rms , skilful in war ,martia l. Bellicosus rex .
Cic. Bellicosissima nati o . Id .
369 . Bellicus. M il itaris .
Bu n i ons , of war , belong ing to war . Bellica laus. Cic. Bellicae
r es . Id .- MIL ITARI S , belong ing to a soldier, concerning war . Ope ra
militaris , Liv. , the p rof ess ion of a soldier. Res militaris . I d . Militaris aetas . Tac. Tribun i militares . Liv.
3"O. Bellua . Bestia . Fera . Pecus.
BELLUA , anygreat beast. Belluavasta et immanis. Cic . Boveset equi , aliaeqne bellum. Id — BEST I A , anyan ima l depr ived of r eason .
A lias b est ias nantes aquar um ineolas esse volnit ; alias volucres fruicaelo libero ; se entes quasd am esse gradi entes . Cic.
— Farm , a f er ocious beast. Oitam degere mo re force. Virg . Excitare et ag ita refe ras . C ic. Fera is opposed to Cicur, a tame anima l. A h orse , an or ,ar e bellum ; a l ion, a tiger, a bear, a re ferce .
— PEcns -oms , most usua lly, animals that are f ed at home or led into pasture-grounds. Tum
BELLBS'JLr
Ema .n
90
b ellum administraret.'
ClC.—BELLUM nccs as , to'
prolong tthe war .
Desperans victor iam p rimum casp i suadere pacem ; dein cum abs
easententiaPornpeins valde abh or reret, suadere insti tui, ut bellum s
d uceret. Cic.
376. Bellum comparare. Bellum suscipcre.
BELLUM COMPARARE , to prepare or provide what is necessaryj b ra war . Bellum tet ra et mar i comparat . Cic. Mith ridates omne s
r eliqunm tempus , non ad olivionemveteris belli, sed ad computationem n ovi contnlit. Id .
— BELLUM SUSC I PERE, to undertake a war .
Bella suscipienda sunt ob eam causam, ut sine injuria in pace vivatur . Cic.
377. Bellum con e. Bellum componere.
BELLUM cour t es an and COMPONERE, to put an end to the war ;but conficere is to put an end to it b figh ting, and comp onere to ten:minate it by a treaty . Si tanta ball
ya legisset, quanta gessit et com
fecit. Cic. Comp on i foedere b ellum. Virg .
378 . Bellumf acere, gerere, patrare.
BELLUM FACERE, to maize war . S i fugitivi in I talia bellum fa
cerent. Cic.—BELLU M GERERE , to conduct a war , to have thema
nagement of it. Tum en im nostri duces b ella gerere incip iunt . Cic.
— BELLUM PATRAK E , to finish or ach ieve a war . Uno die inte rduos reges caeptnm atque patratnm be llum. Sall . Bellumfaciebat
p opulus Romanus, gerebant duces. G. D .
379 . Bellum decerner e, indica re, denunciare, infer re.
BELULM DECERNERE, to resolve upon a war , to decree a war . Se
natns b ellum decrevit . Cic.— BELLUM mn l cs an, to procla im or de
cla re war .— DENUNC I ARE, to g ive notice or send the manyesto Of a
war . Ex quo intelligi p otest nnllum bellum esse j ustnm, n isi quo dant rebus repetitis geratur , ant d enunciatum ante sit et ind icturn .
BELLUM m anua ls, to wage war aga inst. Nisi publicé satisfactnmsit, ei civitati b ellum indic i atque inferr i . Cic. Primo d ecer nebatbell um senatus , d eind é ind icebat, tum d enunciabat per legatos, p ostinferebat per
' d uces. G. D .
380. Benigné. Comiter . Civiliter. Urbane.BENIGNE, bountif ully , graciously . Ben igne negare ._ Ter. Be
migne audire . Cic. It is elegantly used in refus ing an afi ered kindness .
Benigne respondet, H or .
, He answers, [ thank you pr ay excuse‘
me.—COM I TER, k indly , courteously . Salutare ben igne, comiter ap
p ellare unumquemqne. Cic. Errant i comiter monstrare viam; l d .
’
-C IV IL ITER, af ter the manner of citiz ens, afl er the civil law. Con
tendere civiliter. Cic.— URBANE, with a g ood g race, civilly , as they
do in cities. Faceté et urbane i rri dere . Cic. Sin autem urbanins
me agere mavis, sic agam tecum. Id .
38 1 . Ben ignas . Beneficus. Libera lis . Largas. Largitor . Prodigus.
BEN IGNUS , tha t does good. Qui benigniores esse volunt, quamr es p at i tur, peccan t. Cic. Benignitas quae constat ex operaet 1n
Bnm.ea
Emmi aa
9 1
d ustn a h onestior est, et lat ins patet, et p rod esse
Id F —BENEFICUS , ~ benefi cent, that del ights in g iving” Beneficus est t
qui non sui, sed alte rius cansaben igne facit. Cic. Beneficavoluntate movetur , etiamsi res fortenon suppetat . Id .
- LIBERALI S is aman
gwho g ives nob/y . Liberalis d icitur qui officium, non fructnm;
sequitur . Cic.—TLARGUS is a man that g ives abundantly . Largnm,
beneficum, Iiberalem esse , h ae sunt regice laudes. Cic.— LARG ITOR ,
a bountiful g iver. Ex istunt in Republicap lerumque . largitores et
factiosi, qui &c . Cic.— PROD I GUS , one who g ives prodigally . Om
n ino d uo sunt genera largornm, quorum alteri p rod igi, alteri l iberales. Cic. Figuratively Fi des arcan i p rodiga . H on—Mumm
faci ens ) f ree of g if ts, generous. Convenit in dandomunificum esse . Cic.
— PROFUSUS , p rofuse, wasteful. Profusi dicuntnr qui epulis et viscerationibns, et glad iatornmmuner ibus, 1ndorum, venationnmque apparatu profnndnnt pecunias in eas res ,
quarum memoriam ant brevem, ant mullam sint relicturi omnino.
Figura tively Profusa h ilaritas, Cic., An excessive j oy.
Snmptus p rofusi . Id .
382. Bibere. Ebibere. Potare. Epotare.
BIBs RE, to dr ink in order to quench one’s th i rst. Darius cumaquam
turbidam bibisset, negavit unquam se bibisse .j ucund ius . Cic.
EBIBERE- is much more exp ressive than b ibo . Quid comedent, qu idebibent Ter . Figuratively : Cumvino simul ebibi imp erium, Plaut.,I n drink ing, I forgot mymaster
’
s orders .— POTARE, to drink hard.
Totos_dies p otare . Cic. Demedi o p otare d ie. H or .
- EP0 TARE, to
drink all, to swallow up . Epotare med icamentum. Liv. Anus j acere V idit epotam amph oram. Ph aed . Bibunt sobru, potant ebr iosi.G. D.
383. Bibulus . Potor. Pota tor . Combibo .
BIBULUS, (speaking of persons ) a taper . Horace calls himself bibulns Falerni . . Speaking Qf th ings soak ing, tak ing in wet. Bibnla
arena. V i rg. Lanmb ibnlze . Ovid .—POTOR does not cf itself denote
any excess in drink ing it s ign ifi es one who drinks to quench h is th irst.Aquzep otores. H or . Some ep ithet must be added to g ive it anothermean ing . Potor acer. H or . Fatores b ibuli. Id .
—POTATOR , ( itsf requenta tive ) one excessively f ond of, and much addicted to, drink ing .
Voluptar ii, atque potatores max imi . Plaut.— COMB IBO , (b iberecum a pot-compan ion. Contr oversias bebe o cum tuis combibonibus picnreis. Cic.
384. B imensis. Bimestr is.
BIMEN S I S, (bis and mensis) is a substantive : the space if two
months . Ui ad Ope ra quire locassent p robanda, ann i et bimensis tem
pus p rorogaretur . Liv.— B1MESTRI S is an adj ective : twomonths old ,that lasts twomonths . Bimestris consulatus. Liv.
385. Bini. Duo. Ambo . Uterque.
BIN I is only used with a substantive in the p lura l number. Binacastra. Cic. Cicero fi nds f ault with h is son f or having sa id duasli tteras, because litteree used in the sense of ep istola is always put inthep lural. We say b inas litteras, and duas ep istolas. Bin i is also
used in a distributive sense. Bin i oratores vix singulis ann is extiter unt. Cié . Bini , tern i, quaterni, &c. , s ignify two and two, threeand three, f our and f our , five and five, two to each , 81 0 . Bini ambulabant, Cic.
, they wa lked two and two. Binos glad iatores singulis
patr ibus-fam
‘
iliarum d istr ibuit . Id . Two to every one. V irg il hash owever sa id , Duo quisque Al
gina coruscat gesa manu.
— DUO , two ,
is sa id of distinct th ings. Vi eo sepulch ra d uo duorum co rp o rum.
Cic.— AMBO , both, is sa id of two that do someth ing at the same time,or together . Una amb o ab ierunt foras . TeI‘ . -UTERQUE is sa id Qftwo that do
‘
someth ing separa tely , and a t a d ifi'
er ent time. Domusu triusque n ostrum azd ifi catur strenue. Cic. Viciuus amborum, utriusque particeps. Id . Ete ocles et Polyn ices amb o ( i . e. una) p ericrunt . Romulus et Africanus uterque tr iumph arunt, diverso tem
p ore . G. D.
BIPES , (bis and pes ) two-f ooted. Omn ium non bipedum solum,
sed etiam quad ruped um impur issimus. C ic.— BIPEDALI S , two feet
long or wide. Modul i bipedalis totus. H or. Trabs biped al is. C2 5.
387. Bland itice . Bland imenturn .
BLAND ITUE, enticing and fl atter ing words . Bland itiis benevolent iam civium co lligcre turp e est. Cic.
— BLAND IMEN TUM, blandishment, the th ing itself that is fl atter ing . Bland imenta multapleb i aS ematu data ; annonae imp rimis h ab ita cura . Liv.
388 . B'
andus. Dulcis. Len is. Suavis. fifansuetus. Mitis .
BLANDUS , gentle, fl a tter ing , ca ressing , is sa id af fecting with thehand. Lacertis bland is tene re colla . Ovid. Canes blandi . Vi rg .
f iguratively insinuating
. Blandaoratione falli . Cic. Blandwmeudacia linguae. Ovid . Lt pueris dant o lim crustula bland i docto res .
H or .- Dur.crs , sweet to the taste . Mustum dulce . Virg. Dulcior
melle . Ovid . f igurative/y : Dulcissima ep istola. Cic: Dulcis ine irpert is cultura po tentis amici , expertus metuit. H on— Law s ,
soj t to the sense of touch . Lene et asp erum. Cic. Figu rativelyN on ienis dominus . H or . Lene consilium. Id . Nunc leuitate dulcessumus. C ic.
— SUAV I S , agreeable, p leasant to the smell. Odor suaviset j uéundus. C ic . Figura t ively Suavis h omo . Ter. Suavis con .
suetud o . C ic.— MAN S UETUS , (quasi manui assuetus ) tame, good
natured . Queero cur tam subito mansuetus in Sematu fuerit, cumin ed ictis tam fuisset ferus. C ic. Ex feris et immamb us mites redd id it et mansuetos . Id . Lenitatis et mansuetud inis genus, cui 0 p
p onitur veh emens et atrox . Id .— Ml
'
r rs is sa id Qf ripe f ru it. Suntn obis mitia p oma. Virg . Figuratively: Pati entia mi tiorem dolor em faci t . C ic. Th ucydides si p osterius fuisset , multd matur ior _
fu
isse t ac miti o r. Id . lVe may oppose asp er, and , j iguratively, crud elis ,to len is ; graveo lens , and , figur ative/y, tetr icus, to suavis ; molestus ,contumeliosus , to b land us ; amarus, a nd , figuratively , inj ucundus ,a l SUS , to dulci s ; acerbus to mitis .
389 . Barium. Bonitas.
I30 NUM , any good or bless ing , an advan tage. Bonum forme ,
Ov1d ., The advantages of beauty. Patria b ona alicui eripere. Cic.
94
few word s.—Baevr'
r ea , in a f ew words. Breviter d icere , vel exon ere . Cic. It is not sa id of time.
- ; PR0 PBDIEM, with in a j ew d ays,raped iem tevidebo. Cic .
394. 53 revis. Exiguas. Paw ns . Pusus. Pusillus . l lIinutus .
Baavrs , short, brief . Aliqui d contractione b revius fier i, aut p rod uctione longius . Cic. Breve et irreparab ile tempus . Virg. Brevis
~census. H or — EXIGUUS , little, small. Exiguas mus . H o r .
- Lau
t dato ingentia rura ; ex iguum col ito . Virg. Ab exiguis initiis p rooficisci ” Liv. Exigua fortuna . Cic. Brevis is opposed to longus ; and. exiguus to ingens, crassus, multus .
— PARvus , li ttle, is genera llyamid af
'
physical-
ar moral th ings tha t ar e less than oth ers of the samesort. C o rpus parvum. H or . Magnus aut parvus . Id . Non par
.vum beneficium. Cic.— FUSUS ,very little . —PUS I LLUS , uncommanly
. little. . Pusum aut pusillum app el lat . H or . PusiLlus an imus . Cic.
fPusi lla ep istola .
~ Id .— M1 NUTUS , from minuere ) th in, of a sma ll
a s id e or cirmtmfer encei‘Minutorum Opusculorumfabricator . Cic.
gura tively : ..Minutum an imam p r o parvo di cimus . Cic. Minutwinterrogatiunculm. Id .
’
Minutus cap ite , Cic., Hewha has last the
r ights (J a citiz en , or of h is progeny .
395i Bruma . Solstitium. Hyems .
'
.BRUMA isprbper ly thewinter-sols tice, and SOLST IT IUM the summersolstice Ja
”
th is sense Cicero said b rumalis d ies and in. anoth er place,solis accessum discessumque
' brumis solstitiisque cognosci . rPaets
very often use bruma to express winter . Frigida sub terra tumidumquem.bruma tegebat. V i rg .
— HYEMS , the winter . Solvitur .acris
hyems gratisvice veris et Favon i . H or .
396 . Bucca . Os. Man'
lla .
BUCCA , the hollow inner part of the cheek. Baccas inflat e . H or .
Buccis fluentibus , Cic. , Cheeks that hang down . It is also said ofa mor sel or mouthful . O re t can inas p anis imp rob i h uecas , Mart ,
Let him be reduced to the . necessity of begg ing f or bits of bad breadmade f b r the dogs . 0 5, o ris, the mouth Of
l
any crea ture, tha t part ofthe human f ace out g wh ich the sound of thevoice comes, and th roughwhich our victuals get into the body . Inferre cibos in as al ieni . CIC .
I t is sa id of the face. Ora omn ium atque oculos in tuemur . Id . It
sometimes, from th is signification; is used for impudence. Nosti p rofectc
‘
) os ad olescentioris academies. Cic. Os,figuratively , very properly expresses the passage or entrance into any p lace. In adita o re
I’l
l
l
i
e p ortus. Cic.— MAX ILLA , the j aw, j awbone . Ordo max illarum.
n.
397. Caba llumMannus . Eq
CABALLUS , a l ittle horse, a sorry horse. Aut clitoris aget mercede caballum. H OP.—MA NNUS
, (f r ommanus ) a nag , a horse tha tambles or moves upon an a rnl-le. Aut App iammann is ter it. H or .
EQUUS is the name of the species, without any accessory idea the epithet only po ints out what sort of h orse is meant. Advectus equo . Cic .
Jungere equos . V irg. Ace r equus. Ovid .
9
898 . Cadere. Ruere.
. CADERE, to fall. to tumble or f a ll down. Si semel constiterit,nunquam cadet. Cic. Figuratively : Cadere an imis , despand . Cadere causa. Id . , To be cast at law, to lose the su it. Verbamelius in longiores syllabas cad unt , Id ., The words sound betterwhen ending wi th long syllables — 11 11 153 13, to fall down with violenceand precip ita tion. Ru it alto a culmine Troja. Virg. FigurativelyQuis ru it tantus clamor ab urbe Vi rg. I t is a lso used actively , to
push on with violence. Spumas sal is aere ruebant . Virg .
399 . Ctecare. . Ez cazcare. Obcwcare.
' C 1£ CARE, to blind one. Potitios‘
H erculis sacerdotes p retio cor
rup it , unde cmcatus est . Plin . Figuratively Cmcari erroribus aut
cupidi tate.
’
Cic.
‘ Caacata celeritate orati o , discourse madeless in tell ig ible by the r ap id ity of its delivery .
-EXCE CARE, to makebl ind, to put out one's eyes . Quidam tunc excmcan t cum sup inafalce auferendo oculos.
' Plin. Num ergo is excmcat nos, aut o rbatsensibus ? Cic. f igura tively : Mentem excaecare. Plaut.— OBOECARE, to bl ind a person by putting s omething o n or bey
‘bre h is -eyes inorder - to p revent h is seeing . Respersu p'innarum bo st em
-
obcwcantes .
Plin .
‘Figura tively Caligo obczecaverat diem. Liv. Obezecato ra
tionern to tam narrati o obscura . Cic.
.400. c us. l usciosus .
CE CUS , blind, that does -not see any th ing . Ut si caecus i te r.monstrarevelit. H or. zguratively : c us an imo . Cic. Ceeco car
p itar ign i . Virg . Caeca s ors. H or . Caeco » die emere , Plaut. , To
-buyvupon trust.— Luscros us , dims ighted, that has a weaksight : Vesp eri non 'videre quos lusciosos vacant; Var . Lusciosi 'ocul i lucemarefo rmidant p eaeei non vidents Sen .
40h, Coedere. Secar e.
"Resecar e.
CZEDERE, to bea t; to cut, to , tear to p ieces . Yirgisa d necem eé d i.
Cic . Januam cmd ere sax is . Id . Caed ere, sa id of sstones, ,sign ifies
to cut themof f rom a quarry ; whereas secare is to saw th emprevious to the lay ing them out to use. Marmora secanda Iocas. H or .
SECARE, to cut. S ecare varices alieni . .Cic. f iguratively : Quomultae magnaaque secantur
~
j ud ice-1ites . Hor .
— RES ECA RE, to pare,to clip , to cut or saw ofl? Resecare lingnam, palpebras . . C Fl .
gura tively Resecare audacias et libid ines. .Cic.
CB DES , slaughter , murder . Qui in caed e atque ex caede vivunt.Cic. Caedes facta est. Id . Occrmo and 0 0 0 1 8 1 0 seemto have been indifib rently used, it may be observed thaLOccid io , coming f rom ,
occide re , is the action of killing ; and Occisio, comingf romoccisus, is the,
state qf l eing killed, a slaugh ter . Omnes occid ioneoccid it. Liv. Tu vim negabis esse factam, si ca d es et occisio factanon er it. Cic. Occisi on e occisus est. Id .
403. Cwla re. sSculpere.
‘
Scalpere.
CE LAR IF, to chace - or v emboss, to ra isefigures (sa id ofHanc SpeClem Praxiteles caelavit argento . Cic. Caelataque in auro
96
fortia facta patrum. Virg . V i rg il has impr operly used czelare, speaking of wood. - SCULPERE
, to ca rve, to engrave onma rble . stone, ivory ,&c., to cutfi gures in rel ievo . Ebur sculps it mi raarte . Ovid . Sculptus e sax o . C ic.— SCALPERE, to scratch , to scrap e. Terram scalpereunguibus. Hor . Dig ito caput scalpere. Juv.
404. Ccer emoniw . Ritus.
CE RE MON I ZE, (f rom Cam e , a city of ancient Etruria ) . Alb inus
qui dam, de pleb e Romania h omo , virgih es , sacra ue Cazre plaustroadvex it . Liv. Caeremoniae refer especia lly to t worsh ip of the
G ods . Quorum sacra maximis, et occultissimis cmremoniis continentur . Cic. Caeremonize sepulch rorum. Id .
— R1 TUS , a rite, a
custom, is sa id of both relig ious and p rofane ceremonies. Quibverb is aut quo ri tu ej us d omum consecrares . Cic. Erat ei vivend um latronum ritu. Id . Qui pecud um ritu, ad voluptatem omniareferunt . Id .
405. e ulus. Ceeruleus. Cassius . Glaucus.
CJERULUS , blue, sky-coloured. Ad cml i caarula templa. Cic.
CE RULEUS , imitating a blue colour. Sol caeruleus p luviam denunciat. Virg : Cze rulus is the efi lsct of nature, and cmruleus is an imi
tation qf nature .- C } ES IUS , sky
- coloured with specks of gray . Caes ios
o culos Minervae, caaruleos esse Nep tuni . Cic .— GLAUCUS , g reen
intermixed with wh ite, sea -
green . G lauca canentia fronde salicta.
Virg .
" Caput glauco contex it amictu. Id .
406 . Caeter ism. Coeter i) . Cceteroyui .
CzE'
r ERUM , in a ll other respects. Ego me in Cumano , p ra terquam quc
‘
rd s in e te, cze terum sat is commode oblectabar . Cic.
CE TERC) , as f or the rest (y the t ime . Palum'
oes fazmina incubat
p ost meridiana in matutinum, caeterd mas . Flin .— CE T EROQUI and
CJETEROQU IN , otherwise , in other th ings. Non en im p oe'
ta suavis,verum etiam caeteroqui doctus, sap iensque traditur . Cic. Adh ibet
quidem h ic subtilis, quem, n isi quad solum, czeteroquin recte quid emvocant Atticum. Id .
407. Calamis trum. Ca lamis tri .
CALAM I STRUM , an iron to curl the ha i r wi th . Non te unguentorum odor, non frons calamistri notatavestigiis in eam cogitationem
ad d ucebat Cic.— CALAMI STR I , curled ha ir, is only used in a figu
r ative senses; ornaments full of afi'
ectation. Removebitur omnis insigais o rnatus ne calamistri quidem ad hibebuntur . Cic.
408 . Ca lcar . Stimulus .
CALCAR , (fi om calx, the heel , to wh ich it isfl red ) a spur.“
.Con
citare calcanbus equum. Liv. Figuratively Immensum calcarh ab et gloria. C ic.
—S r rMULus , a goad, a sting , a pr ick . Stimulotardos i ncrepuisse b oves. Tib . fi guratively Dolor is stimulos contemnere. Cic.
409 . Ca lcare. Terere.
OALCARE, fromcalx ) to tread underf oot, to trample.
upon. Im
posItO p ede calcare . Ovid . Figuratively : Hono res calcare. Ovid .
415. Ca ligo . Tenebrae. Obscur ilas . Obscuratio. Nox.
CAL IC O ,fog , mist. Tres adeo incertos caecacal igine soles er ramus
p elago . Virg. Figura tively Ment is ceeca caligo . Lumen— TensB R IE , darkness, want of ligh t. Fugatis teneb r is dies pulch er. H or .
Te tris teneb r is et calig ine se Alexand r iam perventuros arb itrabantur Cic . Figuratively Cfl
‘
und ere tenebras alien i rei. Cic.— OBS
C UB ITA S , obscurity , dimness. Obscur itas oculorum. Plin . Figuratively Rej ecit te a libris obscur itas, C ic., The obscur ity 0] booksh as insp ired you with disli ke. G eneris obscuritas , Id ., An obscureex traction. Tanta insolentia ac turbaverbo rum , ut orat i o quae lumenad h ibere rebus debet, ea obscur itatem et tenebras afi
'
erat . Id . 7 he
w ord teneb rae seems to express someth ing rea l and opposed to ligh t, andobscur itas i s a mere priva tion of l igh t. —OBSCURA T 1 0 , a darke ning .
I nter itus Romuli in obscuratione solis factus est . Cic . FigurativelyIn qu ibus p rop ter earum ex iguitatem obscuratio sequ itur. Cic .
N ox , the n igh t, the cessati on of the day I t is taken in a more generals ense both in the p roper and in the gur ative way. Atra nox incubat
p onto . Virg . Tantaque nox an imi est. Ovid. Obj icere noctem
p eccatis, et unh em fraud ibus . H or.
416. Ca ller e. Scire. Noscere.
CALLERE, (f rom callus, ha rdness and th ickness of the sk in ) prop erly to have callos ities . Asin i costw plagis callent. Plaut. As ca l
losities ar e formed byreiterated acts of labour , so knowledge is acquiredby the reiterated work of exper ience. Figuratively , Callere s ignifies,to know well . In ill is rebus an imus exercitatus callere j am debet.C ic. Callere jura. Id . Qui duram callet pauper iem pati . H or .
S C I RE, to know . Non sciunt ips i viam, qua d omum redeant. Tet .
Omnes qui latiné sciunt. Cic. Cfim is qui d e omn ibus scierit, de
S cyllase sci re negavit. Id . Cal lere would not make good sense . Sci reis better sa id of th ings. —NO SCERE and NOV I S SE, to know, is sa idboth of th ings and oj
'
per sons . Und é tam bené me nosti? Ho r . N ovianimum tuum. Ter. V ir tutem tu ne d e faci e quidem mosti . Cic.
N oscere is to have in one’
s mind the idea or the notion of a th ing orof a p erson ; and sci re is only to have a knowledge of a th ing orperson. .
417. Callidas. Vaf er. Veterator . Astutus . Versutus.
CALLIDUS , (f rom calle o ) sk ilf ul by experi ence. Callid os eos app ello , quorum tanquammanus Op ere , sic animus usu concalluit. C10 .
Cal lid us rerum judex . Id . Callid i vincunt sequora navitze . H o r .
VAFER, crafty , cunn ing. In disputando vafer . Cic. Jusvafrum.
H or .— V ETERATOR f romvetus ) is p roperly an old slave. Prmci
p iunt lEd iles utveterator p ro novitio veneat. Ulp . It is sa id Qf a
man who has p ractice and experience. In cansis publicis n ih il, inp r ivatis satis veterator . Cic. I t is also p roperly used to express a craf tyknave , an old f or . Veterator magnus. Cic.
— ASTUTUS , (f rom oi
o‘
rv,cunn ing , ) witty , subtile , sha rp . Astuta vulp es. H or . Certé non
ape rt i , non simplicis, non ingenui , non justi , nonvir i boni ; sed versut i potius, obscur i, as tuti , fallacis, ambitiosi, callidi , veterator is,vafr i. C ic.
— VERSUTUS , (f romvertere ) a man whose mind is natu
r ally inclined to malice, or able to turn any way and assume any form.
Versutos eos app ello , quorum celeriter mensversatur . Cic.
4 1 8 . Calo . Lixa .
CALO , (f romnoikor , wood, ) (1 mean sort of a servant who used tocarru wood in an a rmy .
— LIx } E ar e servants whofollow the army without being enrolled, and who ma ke themselves useful to the soldiers inmany th ings , for example, i n cook ing thei r mea t, or fetch ing waterf orthem. Lixarum p rep r ietas h aec est, says Nonnius , quo d officiumsustineant militibus aquae veh end ae ; lixam namque aquam veteresvocavére. Imp edimenta subsequi j ussit calones lixasque et in
val id os milites ferre vallum. Liv. Inut ile Marti Iixarumvulgus.S il. Ital.
419 . Calumniamf erre. Calumniam j urare.
CALUMNIA , a f a lse accusation, a f orged cr ime. CALiJMN IAMFERRE is to accuse one outq alice and fraudulently.
- CALUMN 1AM
JURARE, to swear one does not accuse a man out of ma lice, but only tohave j ustice done. C . Semp ron ius Rufus calumniammax imo p lausutulit ; quo d 18 , &c. Cic. De d ivinatione App ius cum calumniamJurasset, contendere ansus non est, Pylioque cessit. Id .
420 . Ca lumn iator . Obtr ectator . Conviciator .
CALUMNIATOR, a slanderer, a l itig ious plaintifi Calumniatoresd e sinu suo app osuit, qui, &c. Cic. Calumn iato r ab ove cum peteret canis quem commodasse panem se contend eret. t ed .
— OB
T RECTATOR, an envious or ma licious opposer , a backbiter. Obtreetatio est aegr itud o ex eo quod alter quoque p otiatur eo quod illeipse concup ierit. Cic . Sermon i obtrectatorum locum dare . Id .
CONV IC IATOR, he who reviles one with undeserved reproaches . S iveréobj icitur , veh ementis accusatoris ; sin falso, maledici conviciatoris.
Cic.
421 . Caminus. Fornax. Focus.
CAMINUS , a ch imney,the fire itself . Ruptis flammam expirare
caminis. Virg . Camino luculento utendum censeo . Cic.— FORNAX,
a -furnace . Sulph ureis ardet fornacibus ZEtna . Virg. Apparentque in ardentibus seepefo rnacibus volantes . Cic.
— FOCUS , a fi r e
h earth .
‘
Et focus aflammis, et quod fovet omn ia d ictus. Ovid.
Ex truere focum liguis . H or. Large sup er focum ligna reponens.
I d .
422. Condere. Candescer e. Excandescer e.
CANDERE, to be inflamed to such a degree as to turn wh ite. V ixquesuis h umeris candentem sustinet axem. Ovid . Hence candere hasbeen used to express being wh ite . Candent i corp ore cycnus. Virg.
CANDESCERE, to g row wh ite by dint of bein heated. Cur rusque
suos candescere sentit. Ovid . Ae'
r cand escit. d — EXCANDESCERE,to turn quite wh ite, speak ing Qf a hot i ron. Cum b itumen et sul-u
ph ur additum est, excand escit. Cat. Figuratively . Ira excandes
cere'
. Cic.
423. Canzre (2d conjug . Canescer e.
CAN ERE , to be wh ite . Dumman e n ovum, d um gramina canent.Virg. Fguratively : ZEmula nec dum temp oribus gemin issparsa senectus V irg .
— CANESCERE, to grow white. S itu canes .
cunt tecta. Ovid. Fguratively Cum 1psa oratio j am nostra canesH 2
100
ceret, haberetque suam quamdammaturitatem, et quas i senectutem. Cic.
424. Canis’re (3d Can
\tare . Modula ri . Psallere.
CANBRE, to s ing ; a lso to play upon instruments .
vel voce vel fidibus. Cic. lVe say intus cauere to express speaking toone
’
s advantage . Atque hoe carmen is te no n vobis, sed s ib i intfiscanit. Cic.
— CANTARE, frequentat ive of m ere ) to men. Ah .
sentem cantat amicum multa p rolutus vappa nautim
ilor . Ganit
would not be so proper . Et cantare pares, et resp ondere parat i.Virg .
— MODULAR I , ( frommodus ) to measure sound s , to compose orset to a tune as mus icians do , to play a tune upon an instrument . Carmina pastoris S icul i mod ulabor avena. V i rg . Sonum voeis pul su
pedaimmodulari . Liv. Aves h ominum vocem naturamod ulantur
1psa. Cic.— PS ALLERE, ( from wizaiAAw) to play a lute or any oth er
mus ica l instrument. Qui canerent voce , et qui psallerent. Gel].
Doctus psallere . Ho r . Puer i lep i di ac delicati, qui cantare et
p sallere d id icerunt. Cic.
425. Can i . Canities.
CAN I, gray ha irs, (cap illi understood ) . Non eani, non rugae
pews? auctoritatem afi'
erre p ossum. Cic. H onorati can i. Ovid .
Cani is only used in relation to men.
— CANIT I E,S , grayness of hairs , is
said gfi men and horses . Can iti es b omin i tantum et equis . Plin .
Canities is a lso\whiteness. O turpem exactamate canitiem Cic .
Donecvi rent i caniti es abest mo rosa . H or . Poets have mad e use ofcanities instead of cani . Canitiem immundo deformat pulvere.Vi rg.
426 . Canto r. Contator .
CANTOR , a singer , a chanter by pr ty‘i'ssion. Omn ibus h oc V itium
est cantor ibus inter amices, ut nunquam inducant animum cantarerqgati. Hor . Figurat ively Cantor formularam. Cic. Hewho teachesthefi irmulce of lgw.
— CANTATOR , f requenta tive of cantor )one whoactually sings or chants . Dulcia d efectamodulatur carmina linguacantator cycnus funer is ipse sui. Mart.
427 Cantus . Canticum. Cantilena . Cantamen . Cantio . Cantiuncula .
CANTUS; a s inging ormelody . Musicorum cantus . Cic. I t is sa idc
gbird s and instruments. Cith araa cantus. H or . Avium cantus .
ic.— Cm r xcum; a song set to mus ic, a tune. Canticum agere . Liv.a song . Notum cant icum imp osu it. t d .
— CANT 1LEN A,a sq verses sung in tune . Ut crebré mih i insusur ret Ep ich armuscapiilenam illam suam. Cic. Figuratively Cantilenam candemcanis, Ter., You repeat the same th ing over aga in .
- CANTAM EN, eu
chantment, the ef ect of mag ic words ; it is pr operly sai d of wha t reta les to the illusi on Qf the senses . Tragica: cantamina masua. Propert .—CANT IO , a song or tune, an enchantment. Subitd totum causam oh
l itus est, id queveneficiis et cantionibus Ticinize factum esse dicebat.Cic. Lusciniolaa caut i o . Plant .
— CANT IUNCULA, a little song . ViditHomerus tabulam p robari non p osse , si cant iunculis tantus Vi r i rretitusvideretur . Cic.
— CANOR , melodious sing ing , a melody . Neetamen ille canor muloend as natus ad aures. Hor .
mal l '
of mind. Ut est captus h ominum. Cic.— CAPTURA , a catch ing , a
taking . Capturze interesse . Plin. C l‘im captura incidit, quamvigilans et paratus ad cursum Id ., speak ing of
433. Captia. Prcestig ice . Captiuncula .
CAPT IO , properly the ar t if taking . Figura tively a tak ing advantage of , a snare , a taking unawa res. Cur igitur vos ind ucitis ineas capt 1ones, quas nunquam eXp licetis
? Cic. Cap tiones di alect icae. Sophi sms. Si p lus d ed eris referam ; nulla in ea re captio est.
Plaut.— BRiE ST I GUE, (f rom prw and stringe re ) deceit, illusion. Non
p er prazstigias sed palam. Cic. Maj o re quad am opus est vel arte ,vel d 111gentia, ne ab iis quee Clara sunt ipsa per se, quas i p reestigiisqu ibusd am et cap tionibus d epellamur . Id .
—CAPT IUNCULA , (diminutive Qf cap tio ) a l ittle quirk or f etch . Omnes captiunculas
p ertunescere. C10.
434. Captiosus . Dolosas . Subdolus.
CAPT IOSUS , from cap ere ) cap t ious,f ull of deceit. Cap tiosa proh ab ilitas te fallit. Cic . Cap ttosa interrogatio . Id . Cap tiosa s oci etas . Id .
-DOLo sus , (f rom dolus ) craf ty . treach erous. Mulier d ol osa. H or . Cons ilia dolosa. Id . Amici ferre j ugum pariter d olos i.I d .
— SUBDOLUS , where there is craf t and cunn ing concea led. Linguasubdola . Ovid . Subd d lum rete ta rdis tendere . Mart .
435. Captivitas . Servitus. Servitudo . Servitium. Servitia .
CAPT I V ITA S , captivity , the being deprived Qf l iberty , speak ing ofprisoners y
”
war . Quocunque oculos Romanus intenderet, cap tivitatem, clad emque et di ra omn ia obversari . Tac. SERV I TUS , slavery ,the condition ty
”slaves . Cum omnibus gentibus finem d iutummcap
tivitatis , turp itud inis et servitutis afi‘
erret . Cic. D iutius servitutem
p erpess i sumas, quam cap tivi frugi ac diligentes solent Id .
— SERV ITUDO, a habitua l state of bondage and slavery . Servitud inis indign itatisque h omines exp ertes adversus n otum malum irr itatos esse.Liv.
— SERV 1T 1UM , th e work , the service of slaves . Ego , Pamph ile ,h oe tib i p ro serviti o d ebeo .
'
I er . Levare aliquem longo serviti o .
H or . Servitus est sub domino ; servi pati entia facit servit ium. It
would li kewise bevery p roper to say, Servitutemmgré ferebant 0mnes, l icet apud h umanum et clementem h erum min ime durum essetillis se rvitium. SERV I T IA , bond-men, bond-servants . Incitare ad
caedem servitia. Cic. Servitium is l i kewise under stood in the samemean ing . Et tamen cmptum esse in S icil iamover i ali quot l ocis servit ium suspicor . Cic.
436 . Cap tivas . Dedititius .
CAPT IV US , (f rom cap ere ) captive , taken in war . Pyr rh i sen-
ten
tia de captivis redimend is. Cic .
— Dnmr tr w s , (f rom dedere ) thathas surr endered h imself into another
’
s power . Quid quid de lude pat iemur , d ed ititii tui patiemur . Liv. Ad ta o s s ive cap tivos, s ive ded ititios p er tinet . Cic. Captivus is f orced to surr ender h imself ; ded ititius surrenders of h imself.
437. Capulus. Manubr ium.
CAPULUS , (f rom cap ere ) a h ilt, a handle . Capulo tenus abd idit
103
ensem. Virg . Ipse manu capulum moderatus aratri . Ovid — MA
NUBR IUM, ( frommanu h ab ere ) a haft, a handle: Factumque aptans
manubrium coep it securi magma excid ere r obora. Ph aed . Figuratively Ex imere é manu manubrium. Plaut. To cause one to lose afavourable opportunity .
438 . Caput. Vertex.
CAPUT, the head. Quad inde, says Va rro, initium capiant sensus
et n ervi Dolore cap it is . H or . Figuratively : 1 . A chapter . Primad uo cap ita . Cic. 2. The spr ing of a r iver . Caput Bh eni. H or .
3. A beg inn ing . Sed ced d caput eoenae. Cic. 4 . The ma in-
po int, thep rincipa l . Caput rerum. C ic . Caput est ad bené vivend um securitas .
— VERTEX , ( fromvertere ) the top or crown of the head . Ab
imis unguiculis ad verticem summum. Cic. Ignes qui ex lEtnaevert ice erumpunt. Id . Celso vertice quercus . Virg .
439 . Carere . Egere. Ind igere. Vacare.
CARERE, properly , is to be dep r ived of a th ing ag reeable. Care reh oc sign ificat, egere eo quod h ab ere velis inest en imvelle in ca
rendo . C ic. Non caret is qui non des iderat. Id . Expetuntur voluptates, ut dolore careas. Id . Carere imp liesf eel ing , D icitur etiamcarere , cum al iqu i d non h abeas , e t non h abere te sentias . Cic. Ca
rere sentientis est Id .
— EGERE , to lack , not to have . Egere cons illi . C ic. l Er is egere . H or . Egens acque est is qui non satis h ab et,et is cui n ih il satis p o test
‘esse . Cic . Malo vi rum p ecun ia, quamp ecuniamviro egentem. Val . MaX .
— IND I GERE is the same. Ind igeo
consili i . Cic. There is however th is d ifi‘
erence, that ind igere is veryp roperly sa id of inan imate th ings. Bellum ind iget celer itatis. Cic.
Jam i lla non tam artis indigent , quam labor is . lVe may oppose carere to h abere , non desiderare ; ege re to abund are and ind igere to
non opus h abere —VACARE, p roperly to be emp ty . To ta domussup eri or vacat. Cic . The whole of the upper rooms a r e emp ty . F
g ur a tively to have not, to be f ree f ront . Vacare pecuma . Liv. To
h ave no money . Carere pecuma, is to be without, and w ish f or money .
Vacare culpa. Cic . Vacare ametu . Liv. Vacare s ignifies also, tobe intent on , to study a th ing ,
in wh ich case it w i ll have after it thea'
a tive case,or the accusa tive with in . Ph ilosoph ia vacare . Cic. In
nullum Opus grande vacavit mens mea, Ovid . , l have not been em
p loyed in any cons iderable wor k . I t is ofl en ta ken impersona lly . Non
vacat Jovi , Ovid . , Jup iter has no time for it. Et vacat annales nos
t rorum audire labo rum. Virg. I t is taken personally in the same sense.Scribes ali qu id , sivacabis. Cic.
440. Car itas . Penur ia .
CAR ITAS , ( f rom carere ) dearth . It is only sa id of pr ovisions. In
summaannonae car itate. Cic.— PENURIA , fr ommir a , fames ) ex
treme want or sca rci ty of necessar ies . Vertere morsus ex iguam inCererem penuria ad egit cdend i. Virg . Penuria amicorum. Cic.
Caritas is opposed to vilitas , and p enuria to cop ia.
441 . Carmen . Versus . l/ersiculus .
CARMEN , a song , a poem Ille ego qui quondam gracil i modulatus avenacarmen . Virg. The same author says Rem carmme s1gno,
1
though there be but oneverse. Carmen is properly sa id (J prose, whenwritte n in a
'
presc'
r ibed formula or conta ining maxzms expressed in a
sententiow style, and words consecrated by cus tom. Plin ca llscarmenthe p rayer by wh ich the Dcci i devoted themselves to th f or theircountry . Durat immense ex empl o Deciorum patris filiique, uo se
d evové re, carmen. The sayings, sentences , and mar itas of p iloso
phers were ca lled carmiuaf —VEBSUS , (f romve rte re )fi rstly and pro
p erly a line either 171 verse or p rose Non pag inas tantum ep istolae,sed et iamve rsus syllabasque numerabo . Plin . It is more commonlyused f or what we call verses as when we say oneverse, two verses ,three verses, &c . C omp onere versus. H or . Malus versus . Cic.
Versus signifi es a lso a r ank, r ow, or ser ies . Ill e etiam seras inversumd istul it ulmos.
’
Virg . Triplici pub es quam Dardanaversu impellun t.I d . sp ea king of a sh ip wi th th ree ban ks g
” oa rs .— VERS ICULUS , ( di
minutive ofversus ) a short l ine, a short verse, a vers icle, Nunc venioad illum tuaa ep isto lae versiculum. Cic. Scr ibere versiculos. H or .
442 . Ca rn ifex . Tortor .
CARN IFEX , (f rom caro and facere ) a hangman, an executioner.Quales h unc carnifices h ab e re putamus , qui medicis suis non ad sa
lutem, sed ad necem utatur C ic . Sex tius carnifex V err is . Id .
TORTOR, (f rom torqueo ) a torturer of cr imina ls . Cum j am torto r,atque esseut tormenta ip sa defessa. Cic . Pouite ante oculos carn ificem to r toremque Samarium. Id .
443. Ca rpentum. Pilentum. Thensae. Essedum. Ca rrus. Petorr itum.
CA'
RPENTUM (quas i cem entum, f rom Carmenta , Evander’smother ) w as an open and su spended ca rr iage f or the use of the ladies .
Nam p rius Anson ias matres carpenta veh ebant ; hmc quoque ab
Evand ri dicta parente r eor . Ovid . These ca rr iageswere used ongrandand ceremon ial occasions. PILENTUM, a sort 0] suspended and coveredcha r io t in wh ich the Roman ladies were car ried when they went to perf orm the holy r i tes or mysteries of their relig ion. Casta duceb
'
ant
sacra per ur bem p ilentis matres in mollibus . Virg. H onoremque
ob eam munificeutiam ferunt matronis h ab itum, ut p ileato ad sacra ,lud osque, carpentis fes to p rofestoque utereutur . Liv.— TH £ N8 28 ,(f rom Séog) a sort of carriage wherein the images or statues of the
gods were carr ied. Te app ello , Leutule, cuj us sacerdotii suut th ensze .
Cic. Du omnes qui th ensarumvehiculis solemnes cmtus lud oruminitis , Id .
— ES SEDUM, a cha r iot f or fight ing . Belg ica vel mollimelius feret esseda c o llo . Virg .
— CARRUS , a wain with four wheel s
f or the use Of the a rmy. Alteri ad imp ed imenta et carros suos se
contulerunt. Cze s . Essed is car risque superstans armatus h ostis, iagent i sonitu equorum rotar umque adven ir. Liv.
— Pe r o nmr um, a
char iotwith four wheels for carry ing the lugg age and slaves . Essed afest inant , p ileuta, peto rrita, naves . HOP.
—CI S IUM , a ca rriage withtwo wheels , used f or speed, and very nea rly like post- chaises. Deceml
é
or is nocturnis quinquaginta sex millia passuum cisiis pervolavit.10 .
444. Carp ere. Legere. Metere.
CARPERE, to gather, to pull of , to f orce out. Vere rosamatque
vosque lup i de p elle galeros, tegmen h abent cap it i . Virg .— fl i e rs ,
the sh ield of Jup iter and Pa l/as . I t has its namef rom the G reeka iybg, a she
-
goa t, because Jup iter , af ter the death of the she-goat Ama ltheca , that had nursed him, took her sk in to cover h is sh ield . Arcadesipsum cred un t se vid isse Jovem, cum saepé n igrantem aegida con
cuteret dex tra, n imbosque cieret. Jup iter afterwards gave th is sh ieldto Pa llas , who fixed to it Medusa s head, and gave to it a pow er ofturn ing into stones those wh o looked at it . Contra sonantem Palladisaegida. H or
448 . Cassas. Irr itus .
CAssvs , ( f rom carere ) in the p r oper sense : depr ived , destitute ,emp ty. Cassa dote V i rgo . Plaut . A ma id without a portion. Nunc
cassum lumine lugent . Virg . Cassa nux . H or . Figuratively .
-va in,f rivolous, of no (fleet or va lue . Cassus lab or . Juv. Cas sa vota Virg .
— IRR ITUS , (non ratus ) o/‘
no ef ect,f orce, or weight, noth i ng worth .
Quod modo erat ratum irr itum est. Ter . Lab or irr itus ann i Virg.
I rr itae p reces. Tac.
‘
Ir ritus spei, Q . Cui' t., disappo inted of h is hope.
449 . Castiga re . Pun ire. Animadver ter e. Plecter e. .Mulctar e.
fi l ulcare.
CAST I GARE, (castum ag ere ) to make one good , chaste, modest, i rr eproachable, to chastise. Cast igare aliquem verb is, d ictis, litter is .
C ic . Cas tigare iner tiam. C ic. In the same sense Hor ace has sa id,Castigare carmen , to correct, to p olish a poem, to expunge a ll its de
f ects.— PUNI RE , (f rom paena ) to punish , is sa id of a corpora l pun ishment. Qui pun it aut verb is castigat. Cic. Puni re suppl ici o . Id .
Pumir i is somet imes used as averb deponent. Punitus est inimicum. Cic.
Castigamus h im who is guiltyoj a f ault, in order to p revent h is relapseinto i t ; we wish to make h im a better man punimus a person gu ilty
of a cr ime, tha t he may a tonef or it God castigat nos as a j ather d ar ing our morta l lrj e, me puniat nos as a j udge dur ing eter n i ty.
— AN I
MADV ER'
I‘
ERE in aliquem, to pun ish one, is only sa id oj‘
j udges , and (fth ose who ar e invested wi th author ity . Qui in ali os animadver tissetind ictaca usa. C ic. A master animadver tit in d iscipulos mendaceswhe reas puni re is said g
”a ll persons . Pun i re s outes. C ic . Pun i re
inimicum, Cic. , to revenge one'
s -self o an encrny.— PLECTERE, (from
omne-
aw, to stri ke ) , 1 . to bend, to bow . Plectere de vimine calath os .
Virg. 2. to beat,to pun ish . Flect i tergo . C ic. Quidquid del irant
reges , p lectuntur Ach ivi . Ho r . MULCTARE, (f rommuleta ) to putafi ne upon one. Mulctar i bon is . Cic . I t is used in a more genera lsense. Vitia h ominum atque fraudes damnis , ignominns , vinculis,verberibus , ex iliis , morte mulctantur . C ic.
— MULCARE, to str i kewith one's f eet or j ists , to pull to p ieces. Mulcato fmdi corp ore , taud em pcr ié re. Sall. Omnemfamiliammulcavit usque ad mortem. Ter .
450 . Castitas. Casti rnonia . Pudor . Pudicitia.
CAS T ITAS , chastity , is only sa id o/women Metuens altericerto fwd ere castitas . H o r . Ut sent ient mulieres in nature
“
; fcemi .
narum omn ium Deum castita tem pat i . Cic. Castitas isvery seldomused but to express the chas tity (y the soul, wherea s CAST IMON IA issa id both of the soul and body, either of r nen or of women . Cas te lexjub et ad i re Deos, an imo scilicet, nee tollit castimoniam corp oris .
107
C ic.
’
Quae sacra per summam castimoniam virorum ac m'
ulierumerant, eadem per illins stup rum esse vi olata . Id .
— PUDOR, shameess, baslf ulness, modesty, sense of honour Ex quo fit ut pudo
r em rub or consequatur . Cic. H omo m quo aliquis si non famae pudor, at supplicii timor est. Id . Amicitia qua: impetrata gG lo riae s ib i
,
non pudori sit . Liv. Pudor relates to.the soul , and pudicitia to thebody . Ad eone pud orem cum pudicitia amisisti? Cic . Non ego
illam mih i d otem duco esse , ques d os d icitur ,sed pud icitiam, pu
d orem, & c. Plaut. Asf or me, I th ink the true portion of a woman isnot themoney she brings to her husl and on marry ing h im, but modesty ,virtue sense of honour, &c. Quid salvi p otest esse mulier i, pudicitiaamissa ? Liv.— PUD IC I T 1A is opposed to stup rum, and PUDOR to petulantia, p rotervia , lascivia. Ex h ac parte pudo r pugnat , illinc petulantia ; h inc pudicitia, illime stup rum. Cic. Pudor, me tus rerumturpium, et ingenua quaedam timid itas d ed ecus fugiens, laud emqueconsectans ; pudicitia, continentia a lib idine . Doletus.
451 . Castra cestiva , hyber na , stativa, nova lia .
CASTRA JES T IV A , summer encampment. Cicerones nostros Dej otarus filius secum in regnum, dum in aestivis nos essemus, d ux it.Cic .
—CA STRA H YBERNA , w i nter quarters, when the sold i ers ar e in
ga rrison. Quo ille c oh ortes 1n hyberna misit. Cic.— CA STRA STA
T IVA , a p itched camp . Stativa s ib i castra facere . Cic .— CASTRA
N A VALIA , the p lace wh ere a fl eet is stationed, a port or harbour.Castra navalia d e improvise aggred iuntur . Caes.
452. Castus. Pudicas . Pudens . Pud ibundus . Verecundas .
CASTUS , (f rom xaitjw, orno ) chaste , pure , unde/i led . Casta pudicitiam servat domus . Virg. Prmmiavirtutis et oflicii sancta et casta
esse opor tet. Cic. H oc vestrae mentes tam castae, tam integraz suscip ient . Id . Res familiaris cum ampla, tum casta a cruore civili .Id . Ebur h aud satis castum donum Deo . Id . Castusaculpa. Plaut.
Castus h as a more genera l sense than ihaste in Engl ish . Cast i sacerdo tes . Cic. Vi rtuous pr iests. Judex castus et integer. Id . , an upr i g h t and incorruptible j udge— Fumcus , honest, modest, rela tes tomanners only . Pudica domus. Cic. Aud iet C . Marius impudicob omin i servi re nos , qui me militem qu idem habere voluit n is i pudicum. Id .
— PUD ENS , a man f ull if honour, sense , and modesty . G raveest pud enti b omin i p etere aliquid magnum ab eo d e quo se benemer itum putet . C ic. Pudens impud entem, perj urum castus fraudassed icitur , Id . Pudens i s veryp roperly app li ed to th ings . N ih il apparetin eo ingenuum, n ih il mod eratum, n ih il pudens, n ih il pudicum. Cic.
Risus pudens et liberalis . Id .— PUD I BUNDUS , that actua lly blushes,
bashful, sha nuyfaced Matrona pud ibund a. H or . O ra pud ibunda.
Ovid — V ERECUNDUS , ci rcumspect i n h is words and deeds, cauti ous.
N imis ve recunda est, Plaut., she is too scrupulous . Verecundus est
qui, ut b ene aud iat, erubescit, et pudet impudica loqui Cic. Tu ea
in te admisisti, quaeaverecundo mimico audire non p osses . Id . Figu
ratively . Verecunda translatio , Cic., a metap hor not carried toofa r .
453 . Casus Eventus. Eventum. Er itus .
CASUS , from cadere ) .
afa ll adventure .f ate. Ille miser ignarus ,
casus sui. Cic. Speak ing of Phaeton . Mirificus casus intervenit . Id .
I
Casus humanarum rerum-varn sunt. Id .- EVENTUS , event , wha t does
happen. E'
ventus est . alicuj us rei ex itus. Cic. C onsil ia p rimum,
d eindeacta, posted eventus . Id . Quid casus , qui d eventus , n isi cumsic aliquid cecid it, sic evenit, ut ve l non cad e re . atque . evenire ant.
aliter Cadere atque evenire potuer it. Id . Chance has not so much ia
tend um esset. Id . Eventus, says Popma , successus rerum 11 0 11d
ad finem perd uctarum ex itus, finis re i, qui seqmtur eventum, et
absolvit.454 . Ca teua. V inculum. Laqueus .
CA’I‘
BNA , an iron or metal cha in. Stridor ferri tracta que cateuw.
Virg . Graciles ex eere catena . Ovid . . Figura tively : Plena catenarumquaesti o . Cic. A question full of d ifiicu/tres .
— VINCULUM , (f romvinc i re ) any th ing that t ies or f astens. Linea vincula. Virg. Teneras
arcebant vincula paimas. Id . Figura tively : Vincula p rop inquitatiset amoris. Cic . Vincula legum. Id .
—LAQUEUS, a noose , a str ingwi th a r unning knot, a . ha lter. Laqueis feras capture , Virg. Collumin laqueum inserere. Cic. Figur azvely Laque i d iiputationum. Cic.
Captions subt ilties. Laque i j ud iciorum. Id .
455. Ca tulus. Pullus.
CATULUS , (f rom canis ) p roperly a little dog, a wh elp . Sic canibus
catulos similes, sic matribus_ h eed os. Virg. Poets have used catulusf or th e young of other an imals. Lewna catulorum oblita. Virg .
PULLUS , the oung of every an imal. Pulli gene rosi pecor is . Virg.
Pn llns colum inus. Cic. Cave -21 l iberati pulli . Id . Pullus e qui . Virg.
l
456. Caud ex . Caul is .
CAUDEX , the trunk if a tree, the stem of a sh rub, is only sa id oftrees. Quin et caudicibus sectis, mi rab ile dictu, trudi tur e sicco ra
d ix oleagina lign o . Virg . Figura tively a blockhead, a stup id man.
Caudex , stip es , asinus, p lumbeus . Ter .—CAUL 1 8 , the stalk or stem of
a h erb, the quill (y’
birds . Caulis pennar um avium. Plin. A cabbage,g reens , roots. Unge caules ole o . H or . Qui teneros caules alien ifreger it h orti . Id .
457. Cavea . Cavus .
CAVEA , synonymous with cavus, a cage, a p lace where birds or wildbeasts ar e kept. Avis inclusa cavea. Cic. E cavealeo missus . Id .
— CAVU S , a hole, a h ollow place . Macra cavum rep e tes quem macra subsisti . H or . Excipere cavo . Id .
458 . Cavea. C ircus. Consessus.
CAVEA , (fi om cavus ) an amph itheatre, a la rge building of a roundf orm, the ins ide ff wh ich divided into rows of sea ts surrounded the area ,f rom wh ich the combats o/
‘
glad ia tor s or wild- bea sts were seen : I t was
l ikewise a p lace r ising , j brmed of seats one above the other , oppos ite the”180 17 8 , f rom wh ich the spectators might more commodiously see the
spectacles. Quid clamores tota cave -21 in h osp itis et amici mei Pa
1 10
fl ld ; and OV I LE , the sh eep -fold itself , the place wherein the sheep areAcvelati pleno lupus ins idi atus ovili cum fremi t ad caulas.
464. Causa. Ratio .
There is th is d ifi'
er ence between causa and rati o , that CAUSA is whatp roduces an efiect. Semen et causa bellorum. Cic.
— RAT I O is theorder of th ings tha t results f rom the cause. N 11 113 est rati o amittereej usmod i occasionem. Cic.
Y
um parva causa, aut parva rati o est?
T rad itus sum mulier i. Ter . These two words have va rious significat ions . Rati o s ignifies I . regard , cons ideration. Habere rati on em oflicii.
Cic. Q. reason . Cuj us rationis rat i o non extat, ei rationi rat i o nonest fid em facere . Cic. 3. a reckon ing or account. Rat i onem exactamh ab ere . Cic. 4. relation, intercourse . Qua rati o t ib i cum eo intercesserat? Cic. Similiurn in ter se rati o . Id . Causavid endi , in orderto see. Coutumelié causa. Ter . IV i th thepurpose (f qfl
'
end ing . Tem
p oris causa. Cic. In rega rd to circumstances , to time. Verb i causa.I d . For examp le . Pr o causa faciendi . Cass. Under p rete nce g
“ do ing .
I t is not improper to rema rk in th is p lace tha tgood authors h ave rathermade use of causa. mea, tua, vestra, sua, &c . than Qf causemei, tui,vestri, &c. Quis est qui facit n ih il , n is i suacausa
? Cic. Te abesse
mea causamolesté fero tuagaudeo . Id .
465. Causa . Lis.
CAUSA , synonymous with Iis , is af b r rnal plea o r def ence in law, an
afi a ir or bus iness, a pa rty . Ind ictacausadammari . Cic.t In causam
d escend ere, Id . to come to the subj ect. Tradere causam adversariis,
Ter ., to g ive up thepo int to the adverse party . Ind ormire causaa, Cic.,
to neglect an oj'
a i r . Qui in eadem cause, in qua ego , fuisset, Id . ,
who had taken the same pa rt as myst f— Lxs , process or action at law,
a vehement contention . Comp onere l ites . Vi rg. Atris litibus im Ii
citus. H or . Adh uc sub judice lis est. Id . Lites sun t inter ii 05,Plaut., there arevehement disputes amongst them.
466. Causam componere . Causamj ud icare.
CAUSAM COMPONERE , to settle an oj‘
a ir in an amicable way. Cumd omesticum tempus in cognoscend is componeud isque causis, forensein agend is consumeret . Cic.
— CAUSAM JUD ICARE, to j udge anto ive sentence. Est h aec causa quas i qua d am appendicula
j utficatae atque damnatze . Cic. Causam componit amicus j ud icatmagistratus. G. D .
467. Causam dicere. Causam perorare.
CAUSAM means , to p lead a cause ; CAUSAM PERORARE, to con
clud e the p leading of it . Dicta est ame causa , Judices, et p erorata.
C ic.
468 . Causam sustinere. Causam def endere.
CAUSAM SUST I NERE, l . to suppor t a cause , to take it upon one’s
self. Non putat se sustinere causas p osse multorum. Cic. 2. to
stand under odium f or a th ing. In quem ne, si insid iis qu idem illeinterfectus esset, cad eret ulla susPicio ; nunc ve ro cum de Magioconstet, n onne furo r ej us omnem causam sustinet Cic .
— DEFEN
D ERE CAUSAM , to def end a cause. Jus anceps n ovi , causas defenderep ossum. Hor.
Ha rem.
- . tfllia
a m
1 1
469 . Gansar i . Pretexere.
CAUSAR I , (f rom causa) to pretend, or plead in way of excuse.Morbum causar i. C ic. fEtatem sfi
'
eret, id est , causab itur ? Id . It
a lso s ign ifi es, to beg ini
n law-su it. Nec causant i pup illo sic tuto rirascatur , ut non remaneant amo r isvestigia Quint — PR} ETEXERE,
( texere p ra ) p roperly to put before any th ing interwove n, to cover .Pra texens p ictaferr ugine ca lum. Tibul. Qu id referam Baias , p ratex ta littora vel is Ovid . Figura tively to palliate a th ing , or coveri t w ith excuse, to cloak under a pretence . Non tamemAnna n ovis p ratexere fanera sacr is germanam credit. Virg . , Anna does not suspectthat her s is ter i s preparing every th ing f or her own dea th , under theappearance (f a sacrifice . H oc p ra tex it n omine culpam. Id .
470. Cautio . Satisdatio. Satisdatum.
CAUT IO , ( from caveo ) a ca'
ut ion or tak ing heed. A mal is nature‘sd eclinamus ; qua d eclinatio , si cum rati on e fit, cauti o appellatur .
signifies secur ity , warranty . Tua caut i o , n ostra cautioest. Cic. Est et ex conditi one juris, et ex consuetudine cautionisfi rmissimum test imon ium. Id . I t is a strong pr ay
"according to the
dispositions of the law , and the usual p ractice of taking securities. Caut iones fiebant pecuniarum. Id . Secur ities or bonds were g iven in wr itingfor themoney received.
— SAT I SDAT IO ,a putting in sufi icient secu
r ity for performance. Pr a stare satisd ationem. Ulp . Sunt aliquotsatisd ationes secundummancip ium in h is
, et Memmiano rum p ra
d iorum, vel Atilianorum. Cic.— SATI SDATUM, th e bond i tself with
sureties, the recogn iz ance. I lli turp e arbitror , eo n omine quod sa
t isdato d ebeat, procuratores ej us non di ssolvere . Cic.
Cautionem habere. Cautionem adh iber e.
C AUT IONEM HABERE, to have occasion for p recaution, to requirep recaution . Qua p rovider i poterunt, non fallar in iis qua cauti onem non h abebunt, d e iis non itavald é Iab oro . Cic. Beneficentia
h abet multas cauti ones ; videndum est en im p rimam, me obsit be
n ign itas , et iis ipsis qu ibus ben ignevid ebitur fieri , et ca teris, d e
inde, &c. Id .— CAUT ION EM ADH IBERE, to be cautious, to use great
caution. Ut p rivatis rebus me is adh ibeam quandam cautionem. Cic.
In rebus qua cautionem h abent, cautionem non adh ibere, temeritatis est . G . D.
472. Cautus . Consideratus . Providas.
CAUTO S (f rom eave re ) cautious, that is aware. Nemo minus tinmidus, n emo cautio r : res d eclarat. Cic. Figuratively Consiliis cau
tioribus uti. C ic. Quo res mulier i esset cautior . Id . Tha t thepr operty of the woman might be more saf e, or more secure. Cantos n omin ibas certis expendere nummos. H or . To take all poss ible secur itiesin putting out one’s money at interest. Caut i nummi . Money put outw ith care .
— CON S IDERATUS , ci rcumspect, considerate. Quintus unitin re pauld minus consideratus . Cic. It is used pass ively , speaking qfth ings : Cons iderata tard itas . Cic. Dare cons ilium consideratum.
Id .-PRo e US
, (vid ere p ro ) f oreseeing , provident. Cautas et p rovidus h omo . Cic. Mens p rovida re rum futurarum. Id . Cantus per iculumvitat ; consid eratus n ih il temeré suscipit ; futura p rovidetp rovidas. G. D.
473. Cela re. S ilere. Tacere . Obticere. Reticere. Conticere.
Obmutescere.
CELARE, to conceal, not to acqua int with . Non celavi te sermonermCic. De armis, d e insi diis celare te vq it. Id . Celare h amos cib is .
Ovid .— S I LERE , to say noth ing , to keep s ilence. Muta s ilet V irgo .
Ovid. Figuratively Inter arma silent leges . Cic .— TACERE, to keep
s ilence when onemigh t or should speak. S i cum ca teri de nob is s il ent,non etiam nos taceamus , grave est . Cic. Enunciabo quod serx
iper
tacui. Id . Silete, atque tace te, atque an imam animadvertite . eFiguratively Cum tacet omnis ager. Virg .
— OBT ICERE, to keep si
lence in a part icula r circumstance, not to dare to speak a word, to bes truck s ilent. Virgo conscissaveste Iacrymans ob ticet . Ter. Tur
p iter obticuit sublato jur e n ocendi. H on— Rar rca na , to concea ls omething by one
’
s silence. N eque en im i d est celare quid quid reticeas ; sed cum quo d tu scias , i d ign orare emolument i tui causaveliscos, quorum intersit scire . Cic. B olarem reticere . Pr0pert.
—C0 N
T IGERE, ( tacere cum ) to keep a proj ound silence , to hold one’
s p eacealtogether. Qui j am couticuere pené ab ipso foro i rrisi . C ic. Con
t icuére omnes . Virg. Figura tively : Gum obmutuisset S enatus, judiciaconticuissent . Cic. Celare is the reverse of patefacere, publ icare ; tacet qui loqui desinit ; qui s ile t, nondum ca p it ; conticet qui und iquésilent ium pra stat ; d olorem reticemus ; quorum nos pud et obtice
mus . G. D .—OBMUTESCERE, to become dumb, to be at a loss wha t to
say. Aspectu obmutuit amens. Virg .—f Figuratively to be out of use.
Lyd ius lap is Sardibus emebatur , qui nunc obmutuit. Plin.
474. Celebrare. Frequentare.
CELEBRARE, to publish , to celebra te. Res clara atque omn ium ser
mone celeb rata. Cic. Natales celeb rare . H or . V ia multitud inelegatorum undiqué missorum celebrantur . Cic.
— FREQUENTARE, to
fi equent, to resortmuch to , to g ive celebr ity . Frequentare commercium
ipistolarum. Sen. To keep up a f requent correspondence of letters.requentari d omus dicitur , qua amultis ad itur , vel cum multis .
Cic. Quem tumen p opulum n isi tabernis clausis frequentare non p oteras. Id . You could not assemble the people in grea t number, withoutcausing the shops to be shut up . Ad tr iumph um frequentand um d eduetos esse milites, qui egregiam navare op eram Reipublica p otuissent . Id . To g ive more celebri ty to the triumph , &c.
475. Celebra tio . Celebr itas.
CELEBRAT IO, a celebration, solemniz ing , f requent go ing to. Ceiebratio lud o rum, the celebration, the acting of public games Cic. Qua
domus, qua celebratio quot idiana, qua familiaris dignitas ? Id . Cc
lebrationem h ab ere . Plin. , To be much frequented , vis ited , or of‘
greatsolemn ity .
— CELEBR 1 TA 8 , celebr ity , afi nence. In max imal celebr i tate
vivere . Cic. Celeb r itatem Iudis ad d ere . Liv. To gwe celebrity tothe games , celebrationem would not do in th is case. Celebr itas vir o rum ac mulierum. Cic. A numerous assembly or concou rse (f iner:and women . In th is meaning celebr itas is opposed to solitud o. Me
h a c solitud o minus stimulat, quam ista celebr itas . Cic. Sua celebritate aliquem h onestare. Id . To be in a person
’
s retinue out of hoe
Id- ihrml
479 . Cento. Centunculus .
CENTO , a patched g arment made up of several sh reds of divers colours , a sh roud or tarpuw ling to keep ofl
'
stones or dar tsf romsoldiers intheir app roaches a t the s iege of a town . Centones super inj ecerunt,ne tela tormentis missa contabulationem perfr ingerent. Ca s. Figu
r a tively Quin tu al ium qua ras, cui centones t'
arcias Plaut
do you not look out/or somebodyelse whose he ad youmay/ill w i th youridle stories — CENTUNCULUS , (duninutive of cento ) a pa tched coverlet, a horse - cloth la id under the dorsers . Mulis strata d etrah i jubet,b inisque tantum centunculis relictis . Liv.
480 Centur ia Decur ia .
CENTURIA , (fr om centum) a company or band of a hundred men .
The Roman people were subdivided into centuries or hundreds eachcentury gave their sepa ra te vote . Ri pauca centuria ad consulatum
d efii erunt. Cic. Renunciato r p ra tor centu riis cunctis . Id .— Dn
C URIA , (f rom decem) a company o/‘
ten men or (f romde and curia )a set or roll of j udges Lex p romulgata est d e tertia decuriajudicum. Cic. Hunc h ominem j ud icum numero h abebimus H ic al
teram d ecuriam senatoriam j udex obtineb it f 1d .
481 . Centur iata lex . Cur iata lex.
CENTURIATA LEX, a law mad e by the Roman p eop le ga th ered by
their hundreds in a geueral assembly —CUR IATA LEx, a law app rovedo/by. the assembl ies of every word ofRome . Centuriata lex censorflms
ferebatur , cum curiata ca ter is patriciis magistratibus Cic. Centur iata lex was cons id ered the most authentic of a ll : Cicero takes pr idein having been recal led f rombanishment lege centur iaté .
482. Cerebrosus. Ceri tus.
CEREBROSUS , ( from cerebrum) a p assiona te and choleric man.
S enex h ic cerebrosus est certe. Plaut. Donec cerebrosus p ros iiit
unus , ac mula , nauta que caput lumbosque saligno fuste dolat Hor .
— CER ITOS , (f rom Ceres ) one distracted with the wrath and indignat ion of Ceres (quas i aGe rere percussus ) , mad , j rantic. Cer itus fui t,an commota crimine mentis H or .
483. Cereus. Cer inus . Gerotas.
Census, (f rom cera ) made of war . Imago cerea. Hor . Efligies
ce rea. Id .— CER INUS , of wax colour. Cer inumvestimentum. Plaut .
—CERATUS , waxed, covered with was . Rates cerata . Ovi d . Ceratata da . Id . Torches. Cerata tabula . Cic. Wi ning- tables.
484. Cer té. Cer tb. Sane.
Cen '
r c, undoubtedly , at least. Certé aliqui d b oni attul imus juventut i , Cic. , Undoubtedly we have done some good to young people . H 0
min es mortem op ta re incip iant, vel certe timere d esistant . Id . Or
a t least let th em cease to beafra id (f it.— CERT6, cer tainly, sure enough.
De quo e tiam nih il scr ibente me, te non dub itare certo sci o . ClC .
Certé sci o illud ; It is certa in I know that ; whereas cer td sci o illudsignifies, I know tha tf or certa in.
— SANE, l . is an adverb qf aflirmation.
Sanevellem obsequi volunt'
ati tua .
‘
Cic. Sad emi
olesté Pompeiumid ferre constabat . Id . 2. I t is used f or granting someth ing to an
adversary , and s ignif ies, IVell, be it so.
‘ Qu id enim h ab et commod i,quid non p otins laboris sed h abeat sane. Cic.
485. C’
er tus. Comp er tus . Ratus . Exploratus.
CERTUS , certa in , sure. Incerta h a c si tu p ostulas rati one certafacere , n ih ilo plus agas . Ter. Per littora certos d imittain . Virg.
Dein p ortat onus igno tum certis mensibus, Ph a d., which has a differ ent mean ing ,— a certai n number of months . In ‘
the‘
samemanner ,In certaverba. jurant, Liv. , They take their oath accord ing to certa inf ormula .
— C0MPERTUS , known by proofs, or j or certa in. Man ifestocompertum facinus. Cic. N ih il ipsos habuisse cogniti , n ih il com
p erti . Id . 1 . Fixed . Astroru'
m rat i et immut'
abiles cur
sus. Cic. Aliquid ab omn i a ternitate cer tum fuisse , esse venturuip’
rato temp ore . Id . 2. Allowed , confirmed, ratified. Ist’
a ip'
sa qua te
emisse scr ibis, non solum mih i rata erunt, sed etiam grata. Cic.
Testamentum ruptum aut ratum.
‘
Id .— EXPLORATUS , well and cer
tainly known after a diligent sea rch ing and examination, that does not
leave a shadow if doubt. Bené p rovis'
a e
'
t exp lorata p r incip ia. Cic .
A quo mih i exploratum est,n ih il eum feciss
‘
e. Id .
486. Cessare'
. Desinere. Des istere.
CESSARE, to be doing noth ing, or to have nothingbe id le. Nunquam in stud io suo cessavit. Cic. Cessare in p ra liis.Liv. Qui d ita cessfirunt p edes PPha d. Cessas in vo ta precesque ?
Virg . At puer i e tiam cum cessant, exercitatid‘
ne aliquad electan-i
tur . Cic.— DES INERE, (sinere de ) .
ti> lay as id e, to omit f or na
i
time.
Des ineei succensere. Cic.
‘
Artem d esinere . Id . Illud jammirarides ino . Id . Desine mollium tandem querelarum, H or. , wh ich lattersentence is turned af ter the way of the Greek lan nageé—DES I STERE,( stare d o ) to abandon, to give.over , to d esist. §) esistere bello . Liv.A sententiadesistere . Cic. Mene inca pto desiste
‘
re victam V i rg.
487. Cessatio . Intermissio. Intercapedo.
CE$ SAT IO , a s itting still and doing na'
th i’
total‘
w‘
qizi (ifCessatione torperé . fintermittere )
'
a ceasi ngf or a wh ile, an interruption. Ut nulla intermissio ofli cii fiat. Cic.
Ab acti ons sa p‘
é fit intermissio , multique dantur ad studio, red i tus.Id .— INTERCAPED 0 ,
‘
(carp‘
ere inter) properly'
a space of time between:Me non j am pa nitebat intercaped inetn scribend i fecisse . Cic.
Nulla est intercaped o moléstia . Id . Cessatio p igram et cun'
ctan
tem arguit ; intermissio est operis destinat i , ut quie'
s‘
cas aut'
aliud
agas ; mtercaped o esse po tuit operis j amabsoluti, aut continuata‘
re i cuj uslibet. G. D.
488 . Cestus. Z on'
a'
CESTUS, the g irdle Qf Venus and Juno somesaylit
1
was
g i rdle g iven by the husband to his wif e on the wedd i'izg-dayf_ Spiraixiisblando numine cestus. Claud.
— Z 0 NA ,I ( [r bm gawdu; tomomma
a g irdle. Brevis zona constringit s inus . Sen . Z oii’
am sblyerefCatul . It is a lso a gi rdle and purse in it, according to the cuistoriziofthe ancients . Z onas quis plenas a
‘rgenti extuli, eas"
ex p rovinciaI 2
1 16
inanes retuli. Gel . Quinque tenent caelum z one . V irg. The sky isdivided into five parts or la rge spaces called z ones.
489 . Ceu. S ivi . Sel l .
CEU, as, (an adverb of compa r ison) . Adversi rupto seu quondamturb in e venti. Virg .
JAnimalia qua: semp er d efossa vivunt, ceu
talpm. Plin . It a lso s ignifies, as if. Ceu vero nesciam adversusTh eOPh rastu
m scripsisse faeminam. Plin .— Su mand SEU, whether ,
or. S ivé ux or, sivesoror, Ter., t eth er she be h is wife or his sister.S ive dolo , sen j am Troj na sic fata ferebant. V i rg. Resistas , s iveetiam occurras negotiis . Cic.
490. Chiragra . Podagr'
a .
CH I RAGRA (95579, a hand, and aiypa , pa in ) is properly the out in
the hands . Postquam il li j usta ch i ragra contudit articulos. or .
PODAGRA , a foot, and o'
i'ypa , pa in ) the gout in the fi et. Arde re
podagrae d olor ibus. Cic. Tollere nod osam nescit medicina p oda
gram. Ovid . Poets use either if the above two words indiscriminately .
49 1 . Chirographum. Syngr apha .
CH IROGRAPHUM, (from xeip, a hand , and 7paipw, to write ) ahand -writing , a sign
-manual . Quo me teste convinces ? an ch iro
graph o ? At litterze sunt l ibrari i manu. Cic. Mittere ch irograph osuo litteras . Id .
— SYN GRAPHA , (f rom our,with , and 7 pa
'
pw, to
wr ite ) an obligation, bill, or bond, between two or more. Per syn
grapham alicui credere , Cic., To lend to one upon his band . Ex
syngraph ii agerc, Id . , To me one at law in consequence of his band .
Ch irograph a, says Ascan ius, ab unii parte servari solent ; syngragh a:
signatae utriusque menu, utr ique parti servandae trad untnr . yn
graphus and syngraph um, as well as ch irograph us , are used bygoodouthere.
492. Chorographia . Topographia .
CBOROGRAPH IA , ( f rom xaipog, reg ion, country , and 7ptipw, de .
scribere ) a descrip tion or map of a la rge country , such as a pr ovinceor hingdom.
—TOPOGRAPH 1A , ( f rom r a'
n'
ag, p lace , and ypa'
cpw) thedescrip tion of a p lace. Flumina orbe terrarum ch orographis p icta.
V itruv. Ripulze tepograph ia. Cic.
493. Ciboria . Poculum. Cyathus . Cantha rus. Scyphus. Cupa.Trulla .
Gw omA, the shell cf the E gyp tian bean, used as a cup bythe
JE ptia ns . Cups that had near ly the same form were called cib oria.
Obiiirioso Ievia Mass ico cib oria exple . Hor o—POCULUM , a dr in leingcup . Poscere maj or ibus poculis, H or ., To ask to drink out of big
ger gla sses. It is sa id of the l iquor itself : Infundere poculum alieni .ic.— CYATHUS , f rom a sort of vessel used to measure thewine and wa ter that were poured into the cups. Tribus aut n ovemmiscentur cynth is pocula commodis . Hor . I t is sa id of any thingto dr ink out of: Qui muses amat impares tern os ter cyath os attomtus petet vates . Hor .— CANTHARUS (f rom xd ybapog) was a sort ofcup a little bigger, a tanhard it was the cup of Bacchus. Marius
Cami h
saxa feribant, scintillam sub itd p rosiluisse ferunt. Ovid .
tively : Scint illa bell i . Cic. Favifla would convey quite aidea .
498 . Circa. Circiun . Ci rcumci rca. Circiter .
CI RCA and CI RCUM seem to be the same. It is however necessaryto observe that circa better denotes , round about, at some distance, andci rcum, nea r about. Cum Rullus Capuam et urb es c ircaCapuamoccupar it . Cic. Circum migh t not be so accurate. In the samemanerTenipla qua ci rcum forum sunt . Id . Circamight imply a grea terd istance.— C I RCUMC I RCA , round about, on every s ide. Cfim ablEginé Megarumversus navigarem, ca p i regi ones circumcir caprosPicere. Cic.
— CIRC ITER , about, n igh unto . Circiter me ridi em.
Ca s . (ad understood ) . Loca ha c circ ite r excid it mih i . Plant. (perunderstood ) 1 lost it thereabout. In media circiter urbe . Ga s .
499 . Circinar e. Circulare .
C I RC INARE, (from c ir cinus, a pa ir of compasses ) p rop erly to compass round . Circinata rotund itas. Plin . I t is taken in a general sense.Inclinat cursus, et eas d em circinat auras . Ovid — CI RCULARE,(f rom C irculus) to make a ci rcle, to turn round, to enci rcle. V i detoscitantem j ud icem, colloquentem cum al tero , nonnunquamcircul antem. Cic.
500 . Circula tor. [nstiton
CI RCULATOR, (fi om circum, and few , tuli , latum, ) a mountebank, a quack , who goes about from town to town in order to sellmedicaments in public places . Quod p er qua d ammedicamenta cir
culato res faciant . Cels . Figuratively Circulator auctionum not isSimus. Cic. A very well- known auctioneer. - INST I TO R, (stare in )a hawker, a pedla r. Urb i frequentanda multitud o incolarum, l ib ertinorum et institorum, op ificumque retenta . Liv. Instito r ad d ominamveniet d iscinctus emacem. Ovi d . Figurat ively Institor elo
quentia . Quint. One who sells his eloquence to the h ighest bidder.
501 . Ci rculus . Orbis . Orbita . Rota . Globus. Gyrus . Spir o .
CIRCULUS , a circle. Circulos suos et o rbes conficiunt celer itatemi rab ili ste lla . Cic. Figuratively In circul is et in conviviis sermoliberior . Cic.
— ORB I S , a ny round th ing , imag ina ry or real . In orh emvolvi . Liv. The un iverse , the world is ca lled orb is on account of itsbeing round Figuratively In Thucyd id e orbem o rationis d es idero .
C ic. Th ere is an orderly pr ocess wanting in the discoursesd id es.— ORB ITA , ( f rom orb is ) an orbit ( in as tronomy ) , a wheel-r ator track . Utvix imp ressam o rbitam videre possis. Cic. O rbitn
luna . Virg . The orbit (J the moon .— ROTA , a wheel . O rb is rota
rum. Flin . The ci rcumf erence of the wheels . Summa curvaturarota . Ovid .
- GLOBUs , a globe . G lobus terra . C ic. Ex so lidis
globus, ex plani s autem ci rculus , aut orb is . Id — GYRU S , ( f rom.
yvpi g, ) a ci rcuit, a round turn ing . In gyrum equum cogere. Cic.
fi gura tively S imili gyro venient aliorumvices. Ph a d . H omili essecund is rebus efi
’
r a natos tanquam in gyrum rationis duci opor tet.Cic. Those must be brough t aga inwith in the compass of reason, whom
prosper ity has rendered haugh ty and imprudent . - SPI RA , a windi ngabout
, a sp iral l ine. Sp ira i svery p roperly said of serpents . Anguis
{It I)“ l
l l
se colligit in spiram. Virg. Immensum spiris facientibus o rbem.
Ovid Ut signeront astrorum o rbes , vari os i n ecalo circulos Astron omi finxerunt, atque e tiam orb itas, quamvis sol et luna non p ro rsus in eosd em quotidiegyros revolvi , sed in sp iram ferri videantur .
G . D.
502. Cir cunzstare. Circumsistere.
C IRCUMSTARE. properly to stand a l out Des inent circumstare
t ribunal Praeto ris urban i . Cic . Ad circumstantesvertit sua b i ach ins ilvas. Ovid . Figur a tively Circumstant te summen auctor itates, quaete oblivisci laud 1s d omesticae non s inaut . Cic In to t circumstanti
bus malis mansit aliquandm immota aci es. Liv. —CmCUMS 1 S T ERE,
to ga ther about (ei ther to a ssazl or def end ) . Imped itumque h ostesc ircumsistun t. Caes . Haze cum max ime loqueretur , sex lictores
circumsistunt valentissimi. C ic.
503. Circumvenire . Circuire . Cir cumir e Cir cunwader e.
C IRC l MV ENIRE, to come about, to surround or encompass . Nostros
circumvenerunt latere ap erto . Czes . Figura tively: Multa senem
circumveniunt incommoda. H on— 0 1 11 0 11 1 11 3 and C I RCUM IRE , to
g o round a bout . Caecina cum circuiret p raedium, ven it in istum fund um C ic Cum equites nostrum cornu circui re vollent, recipereme ccap i . Id . C ircumir i tentoria j ussit . Tac. Circumire saucios,Id ., 7 0 vis it the sick. Figura tively Circumire aliquem, Ter To
deceive one —C I RCUMV AD ERE, to seiz e or set upon on a ll parts. It is
better used figuratively Circumvasit urbem terror. Liv.
504. Circumvenire. Circumscr ibere.
C IRCUMVEN IRE (fi gura tive/y) i s ag a in synonymous with C IRCUMSCR IBERE. It signifies to imp ose upon , to over- reach , to cheat one.
Acerbum est ab aliquo circumvenir i, acerbnus a p rop inquo . Cic.
Judici o inimico rum circumventus . Id .- C IRCUMSCRI BERE is pro
p erly to draw a ci rcle round . Circumscriber e orh em. Cic. Figu
r a twely to confi ne with in certa in l imi ts, to entrap one. Curriculumvitae circumscripsit n ob is natura . Cic . Praetorem circumscr ibere,Id . , To s top the enterprises of the Praetor . Ad olescen tulos circumscr ibunt, Id ., Th ey defraud young men of thei r property .
’
505. Cis . Citra.
C I S and CITRA , on th is s ide with th is d ifl'
erence, tha t cis is par
ticula r ly used w th names (f r ivers or mounta ins. Cis Rh od anum,
C l s Liger im, cis Alpes. Cic But citra is usedf or a ll sorts cy”
p lacesQui sunt citra Rh enum. Cees. Ci tra forum, citra templum. Cic.
Natus citra mare H or . Figura tively . without i tra fEmulumaliquid facere . Quint . Cit1 a senatus p Opul ique aucto1 itatem Suet.
506 . Citus. Proper us. Prwpr operu s Festinas . Rap idus. Velox . Celer.Levis Per nir . Prwpes . Alacer . Promp tus.
CI TUS , ( j r om e i ere ) quickly moved Incessus modo citus , modotardus . Sall —PROPERUS , th a t makes haste, and zs f or ced to be speedy .
Preperam ancillamvide o ven ientem. Plaut . Properus cursus. Ovid .
— PRJEPROPERUS , very hasty ,over- hasty. Ex tui s litte1 is cognovi
p raeproperam quandam festinationem. Cic.— FEST INUS , that hastens
120
to do a thing. Cursu festinus anh elo . Ovid .— RAP1nus , (f rom ra
p ere ) swift, rap id , vio lent. Venti rap idi . Virg. Rap idus amnis. Id .
Figur a t ively Nunquam rap idam orationem coerceas . Cic.— V i Lox ,
sp righ tly , f ast, br isk ; both in the prop er and figurative sense.Velox animus. H or . Pedites velocissimi . Cms. Nih il est annis ve .
locius . Ovid .— CELER, active , expedi tious . Evad itque celer ripam
i rremeab ilis undae . Virg . Od erunt sedatum celeres . H or . An imusceler. Virg .
— Law s , l igh t, of no weigh t, n imble . Levis ex ilit. H or .
Pondus leve . Ovid — fi gura tively H omo levis. Cic . An incanstant man , a fi ckle man. Sp es levis . H 0 r .
— PERN IX, (n is i per ) persisting , per severing . Pedibus celerem et pern icibus alis. Virg . Fi
gur atively Et amata relinquere p ermix . H on— Pamp a s , swift inf ly ing . Avis p raapes . Cic. Preepetibus p enn is ausus se credereccelo . Virg .
— ALACER, merry , cheerful, pert. Equus alacer . Cic.
I lle enimvero ad silit d onationis alacer certa gaudi o . Pha d .
PROMPT US , ( f rom p ro 1n ere, ) drawn or brought forth , ta ken out.
Aliud clausum in p ectore , aliud in linguapromptum h abere . Sall.Figura tively Ready , disposed, promp t. Gallorum ad b ella. suscipienda alacer et p romptus animus . Caes . Alacri et prompto ore acr ultu hue atque illuc intuer i . C ic. Facilis et p romp ta responsio .
I d . Promptus beg ins immediately , and ha tes delays . Celer does th ingsone af ter another, and admits of no inter ruption. Citus is very activein emp loy ing every moment of time, and is an enemy to slowness.
507. Civicus. Civilis.
Th ese two words ar e of ten used without p reference. Civica jura.
C ic. Civilia j ura . Id . Furo r civil is. Id . Rab i es civica . Id . I t
is however to be observed, tha t civicus is more especia lly said of whatrelates to the inhabitants of a p lace ; and civil is more p articular ly den otes wha t concerns the ci ty i tself , or the sta te . Scien tia civilis, Qu int.,The knowledge necessary f or govern ing a state . Civica corona, Cic.,
A garland of oak g iven to h zm who had saved a citiz en. Curse ci
viles , H o r . , The ca res attending the government of a sta te. Civilisa lso s ign ifies, civi l, courteous. Agere se civilem, Suet., To pr ove one
’
s
self very polite and civil.
508 . Civis. Concivis . Popular is .
C I V I S , (quas i co ivis , f r om coeo , ) a Ci tiz e n, one that inhabits thesame town . Colebatur a civibus , et ab omnibus advenis visebatur .C ic . Civis Atticus . Id .
— CONC I V I S is a barba rous word . Goodauthors do not say concives mei, but cives mei.— POPULARIS ,1 . Of or belong ing to the pe op le . Cce tus p opulares. Cic. 2. Del igh ting and plea s ing the p eop le. Nee quisquam malis art ibus p ostedtam p opularis esset . Liv. 3 . Of the same na tion , town, or city . El:
h oc Anax imandro p opular i et sodal i suo non persuasit. Cic. Sal
lus tO
ha s used p opularis in the mean ing of an accompl ice. Popular iscomurat 1on1s .
509 . Civis. Incola .
C tvrs , cons idered as synonymous with INCOLA , has a p articularreference to p olitica l society , and denotes a me mber of the sta te. In
c o la , an inh abitant, rela tes only to the p lace of usual residence, eitherin a town or in the country . Eques Romanus ex h ac urbe, civis
th an“
1 22
clanculum agit, qui palam non audet ; occulté serp it, molitur , quid etegi nonvult fur tim ad repit, auf
'
er t, elabitur , qui rep reh end i
vult ; obscure agit, qui lucem metuit ; secre to peragit, parat au tcolloquitur , qui testes aut conscios fugit ; tacitequid p iam agit autmed itatur , cui strep itus aut verba noceant. G. D .
513. Clama re . Vocifcrari .
CLAMARE, (quas i calamare , f romcalamus ) pr operly to imitate the“
noise of reeds ag ita ted by the wind ; itgenera lly s ignifies to spea k a loud .
Fg o quod faci o , me omn ium vestrum causa facere clamo atquet estor. Cic.
— VOCIFERAR I , (vocem ferre ) to cry out a loud i n great
pa in and indignat ion . Vociferat i palam, lacrymas interdfim vix te
n ere . Cic. Talia vociferans , gemitu tectum omne rep lebat. Virg.
Clamator . Declama tor . Rabula .
CLAMATOR , one who makes a no ise, a bawling man . Ut intelligi
p ossit quem ex istimem clamato rem, quem o ratorem fuiss e . C ic.
DECLAMATOR , a decla imer th is name was g iven to professors of r he
toric amongst the ancients, because they taugh t the a r t q/declama tionin th i i r schools . Non eum declamator aliquis ad clepsyd ram latra
‘
red ocuerat . Cic.
— RABULA , (f rom rab i es ) a pleadi ng advoca te tha tbraw ls in del iver ing h is discour ses, and says noth ing r igh t . Rabulas
qui et ind octi p lane, aut inurbani , aut rustici fuerunt . Cic . Non
d eclamatorem aliquem de ludo , aut rabulam de fora quacrimus . Id .
515. Clamosus . Clama tor ius.
CLAMOSUS , clamorous, tha t speaks sh rilly Clamosi feré sunt ui
l itteras nesciunt. Quint. Altercator clamosus et turbidus d .
Clamosus circus . Juv. Clamosum th eatrum. S tat.— CLAMATOmus , perta in ing to the exercise of d eclamation . Clamator ium genus .
Cic.
516. Clari tas . Clar itudo .
CLAR ITAS and CLA RITUDO , accord ing to Festus and Nonnius, a r e
the same It must however be observed , 1 . That clari tas is used bothin the proper and/igur a tive sense : Claritas solis . Plin. C laritas.voeis ,Cic., Clea rness Qf the voice Claritas vim, Tac. , Magnificence Qflife. Nascend i claritas , Quint., A
'
ob/enes s cf birth . C lar itud o i s
on/ used fi gura tively . Ad omnem clar itud inem sublatus. Tac. Fa
miliar? clar itud o . Id . 2. Claritud o is better used to exp r ess someth ingha bitua l and durable It would bevery proper to say Egregie factorum clar itate clar itud inem adep tus est Nelsonus . G. D.
517. Cla rus. Mani/estus.
CLARUS , clear, br igh t . Clarus dies. Cic. Clara lucema.-H or .
Figura tively Res Clara . Cic. Vox clara . 1d — MAN 1 FES TUS , ( quas imanu t
'
actus ) mam/e st , p la in ,evid ent Czed es man ifesta . C ic. Mani
festas litté ras queen'
s . Id . Clarus is opposed to obscuras ; and man ifestus to latens .
518 Clarus. Illustris. lns ign is. Nobilis (i
e/ebr is . l nclytus .
C LARU S (cons id er ed as synonymous with the other words ) s ign ifiesfamous , rema rkable. Genere et factis clarus Cic -ILLUSTR1 8 , (from
123
lux ) ligh tsome, well l ighted. Via illustr is et lata . Sall. fi ga ral ively i llustr ious , renowned for laudable actions . H omo illustr is h onore et n omine . Cic. Factum illustre notumque omn ibus. Id .
INS IGN I S , (fr om signum) marked natura lly . Maculis insignis et
auro . Virg. Figura tively . Insign is genere . C ic. N otis omnibusturpitud inis insignis h omo . Id . Insignior contumelia. Li ta— No ,E lL I S , (f rom n osse ) known, well known. Tib i nunquam n obilis fui.Plaut . Vir nob ilis et clarus ex doctrina. Cic. Locus n ob ilis . Id .
I t is sometimes taken in a bad sense. Qui nunquam sunt tam genereins ignes, quamvitiis n ob iles. Cic.
— CELEBRI S or GELEBER , r enowned
, very much f requented Celebr is h omo , says Va lla , qui celebra
tur , qui frequentatur ab h onoratis personis . Locus celebr is . C ic.
Forum celebre . Id . Vicin i furis celeb res Vidi t nuptias lEsopus,t d ., where manypeop le were p resent .
— INCLYTU S , f rom xAv’w tohear ) Qf great renown . Armis inclytus. Virg . Inclytum d ivitiist emplum. Liv. l llustr is supposes a mer it tha t causes one to be knownand esteemed. Celebr is is j ounded on an excellence Qf ta lents honoura ble to the person .
519 . Classiam . Class ici .
CLA SS IARI I , mar ines. Classiar ios convo cat. C . Nep .- CLASS IC I
,
seamen. Tandem rem1s per tmacui s everberatummare , veluti er ip ientibus navigia classicis, cessit. Q . Curt.
520. Classis . Tribus .
CLASS I S , a class or rank of ci tiz ens. Servius Tull ius divided the
Roman people into j ive classes tha t order of classes was according to
thei r incomes . Pro modo census, ita ut p rima classis p rimum octo
g inta centuriarum fuerit, ex 113 constans, qui in censu centummil liaseris, aut eo amplius h abebant, permix tim ex senior ibus et jun io ribus ; reliquat ex minor ibus d eincep s censibus usque ad quintamClassem. Liv.— TRIBUS, a tr ibe . Livy says that Rome was dividedinto
‘[our parts ca lled tr ibes, a tributo . Th ere w ere, according to the
same author, tribus urbanec and tribus rusticm. The number of tribeswas increased to th irtyj ive. Al ias atque alim in iti o urbis fuerunt sed
Ciceronis estate tr igmta quinque . l .
521 . Class is. Schola .
CLASS I S , synonymous with sch ola, s ignifies a class, or th e order inwh ich schola rs a r e placed
'
in a school, accord ing to their d ifierent abilit ies. In classes d istr ibuere pueros . Quint. Classem d ucere, Id . ,
To be th ef irst of the class.—SCHOLA , ( from ao r
'
, leisure ) . Sch oladicta est, j usta labor if
'
er is tr ibuantur ut o tiaMusis . Anson . It sign rfi es a school or college wh ere sciences ar e publ icly taugh t. Ex ercitationes s ch olarum. Quint. Frequen tia sch olarum. Id . It is a lso sa idof disp utat ions or di ssertations a t school . B i erum quinque sch olas intot idem libros contuli. Cic. Vertes te ad al teram sch olam, disseresd e triumph o . Id .
522 Clauder e. Obserar e. Obtur ar e. Obstruere. Opp ilare Obsepir e.
CLAUDERE , (f rom clavis ) to shut Fo res cub iculi claude t e Cic.
Transitum claudere. Liv. Figura tively Claud ere verba p edibus ,H on . To makeverses Hi tas claud it octavum lustrum, Id .
, He is
124
f orty years old — OBSERARE, (f rom Oh and sera ) to lock . Abi, at
que ostium obsera intus . Ter. Figura tively Obseratis ant ibusp reces fundere. H or.
— OBTURARE, to stop up , to stop with a bung .
Obturem patulas impune legentibus aures . Hor . Os alicui obtuo
rare . Cic.— OBSTRUERE, ( j romob, and strues, a heap , ) to ra ise any
thing h igh aga inst. Luminibus alicuj us obstruere, C ic. , To stop uptheview to one, by ra is ing a bu ildi ng aga inst his . Qui iter Pe nis velcorpor ibus suis obstruerevoluerunt . Cic.
— OPPI LARE, (from ob and
p ila ) to oppose a security or defence. N is i ille se sub scales tabemwl ibrarize conj ecisset, b isque Opp ilatis impetum tuum comp ressisset.Cic. Figuratively : Jam mih i opp ilab it suavaniloquentiaaures, Ter .,
He is going to fi ll my ears w ith his useless talk — 0 3 8 139 1 11 12, (fromob , and sepes , a hedge ) to plant a hedge before, to shut up with a
hedge. Obsepire viam alicui. Cic. Obsepire i ter. Liv.
523. Claudicare . Tituba re. Vacillare.
CLAUD ICARE, from claud us ) to l imp , to hobble. Carvilio graviter claudicanti ex vulnere . Cic. Figuratively : Si quid in o ratione claud icet . Cic .
— TITUBARE, to stagger, to reel. Ille mero somn oque gravis t itubar e videtur . Ovid. Figurat ively Testes , sive rbot itubaver int , quo vertantur non h abebunt , Cic.
— VAC I L LARE,( quas i bacillare ,f rom baculus ) to move to and fr o , to waggle. Curioin utramque partem t oto co rp ore vacillans .
~ C lc. Figur a twely Res
t ota vacillat et claud icat. Cic. Ep istola scriptavacillantibus l itterul is. Id .
’ Cicero ;was j ust recovered f rom a severe illness . Partimet iam sumpt ibus in vete re aare ali en o vacillabant. Id . Claud icareis applied to a man who has one leg shorter than the other ; t itubareis pa rticula rly sa id of the f eet, of the steps vacillare is app l ied to allthe l imbs, to the whole body .
524. Clavis . Claus trum. Pessulus. Repagulum. Sera .
CLAV I S , a key to shut or open a door . Caecuba centum se rvataclavibus . H o l
‘
.— CLAUSTRUM , a ba r , anymanner of th ing that shuts
up , or incloses . Infringi fo res, revelli claustra j ussit. Cnc. Laxat
claustra S inon . Virg.— PES SULUS , (f rom r aiaaa kog) a bolt. Anus
foribus obd it pessulum.
’
l er .— REPAGULUI\1 , ( retro pangere ) a bar
p ut beh ind a door to keep it strongly shut up . Pe rtee repagula cecid erun t. Ovid. Occlud it aides pess ulis , repagulis. Plaut. Figuratively Repagula juris perfr ingere , Cic . , To infr inge or transgressthe laws . Recludere i ram repagulis, Id . , To vent one
’
s passion, ~ ora nger ; to brea k a ll barri ers that kept it in sulj ection.
— SERA does nots ignifya lock made li ke ours, but a kind of lever wh ich was ta ken ofwhen th e doorwas to be opened . Excutere seram p ortae . Ovid. Abi,‘
atque ostium obsera intus. Ter .
525. Clemens . Miser icor s. Indulgens. Placidas .
CLEMENS is a dispass iona te man, a man whose soul is undisturbed .
Clementia est per quam animi temeré in odium alicuj us concitat icomitate retinentur . Cic. Castigatio Clemens. Id . C lemens, nullilzed ere os. Ter .— M1 sm1 1co as , merciful, compassionate, tenderhea rted . Misericordia est tegritud o ex alterius rebus adversis. Cic.
Cum h i quibus ignovisti, nolint te in ali os esse misericord em. Id .
alums] :
ml fir-1
126
(wi thout anyf oundation) that Clyp eus was for infantry, and scutumf or cavalry .
— UMBO is p rop erly the boss of the sh ield . Et sumh aoclyp e i nequicquam umb one pepend it ( telam) . Virg.
‘
-P£ LTA ,
(f rom affi rm) a very short buckler, in f orm of a half-moon , used bythe Amaz ons . Ducit Amaz onid um lunatis agmina peltis. Virg.
Pelta was smaller than parma.- AN0 1 L E, a k ind of shor t ova l sh ield,
wh ich was used only by the priests of Mars to dance with up and dozenthe ci t in the month of March . Ense levi scutumversatum leniterauradicid it ; s p opulo clamor ad astraven it : idque ancile vocat,quod ab omn i part e recisum est. Ovid. Lapsa ancilia caelo . Virg .
I t was bel ieved amongst the ancient Romans that the ancile had fal len
f rom heaven in the reign of Numa , as a toke nof the protection of theGods.
530. Coagmentare. Conglntinare. Comp ingere.
COAGMENTARE is p roperly sa id of p ieces of timber that ar ej oinedtogether , to j o in, or assemble togeth er. Opus ipsa suum eadem quaecoagmentavit, natura d issolvi t. Cic . Figura tively Verba verb isquas i coagmentare . Cic. Docebo ne coagmentari qu idem pacem
posse . Cic .— CONGLUTmARn, (f rom cum and glut en ) to g lue to
gether. Vulnus conglutinant folia Vitium, Plin . , The leaves of vinetrees shut up the opening of a wound. Figura tively S i utilitas amicitias conglutinaret, eadem mutata d isso lveret. Cic. H omo ex lib id ine, crudelitate, petulantia conglutinatus. 1d .
— C0M 1>mcnnn ,
f rom cum and pangere , to str ike ia , ) to press close, to j o in togetherwith a great efi br t, to compact . Se
ptem compacts. cicutis fistula.
V i rg. Quid in Oper ibus manu factis tam compositum , tamque com
pactum, et coagmentatum inveniri p otest? Cic. Figuratively In
Apuliam se compegerat. Cic. Detrudere et compingere in p istri-Lnum. Id . Apta conglutinamus, ut in unum coalescant ; varia co
agmentamus , ut in formam aliquam conveniant ; lax iora comp ingimus, ut arctius coh a reant. G. D.
531 . Coarguer e. Redarguer e.
COARGUERE, to prove manifestly , to convince or convict. Fuga la
b oris desid iam coarguit. Cic. Ea rn occasionem, ut litteras legatis
darentur , quze d epreh ensze rem coarguere possent, expectabat. Liv.Coarguere reum testibus. Cic. Alicuj us coarguere mendacium. Id .
— REDARGUERE, ( retro arguere) to convict of f orgery , to conf ute.Red argue me, si mentior . Cic. Haec ego non eo cons ili o disputo ,ut h omines eruditos redarguam. Id . Inconstantiam alicuj us radar
guere , Id To blame one f or his inconstan .
Advenit qui vestrad ies muliebribus armis ve rba redargueret, kg , The day is comewherein the warlike explo its of a woman have brought down your pr ide.
532. Cochlea . Concha.
COCHLEA , a fi sh called a cockle, the shell of it. Coch lea abscondens et retentans se se, quo sit tuta, comed itur . Cic.
— Co nes“ , a
shell -fish with two shells , as an oyster . Ostreaque in conch is tutafuere suis. Ovid . Pisciculi in concham h iantemmnatant. Cic.
533. Cocles . Luscus . Strabo. Pastas. Lippus.
COCLES, that is born with one eye only . Qui altero lumine orb i
127
nascereutur , coclitesvocabantur . Plin.— LUSCUS , blind of one eye by
accid ent. com‘
Getula d ucem portaret bellua luscum. Juv. Ann iba lwas not born with only one eye .
— STRABO, gaggle eyed onewho looksawry , squint - eyed .
— PJETUS , that has little leer ing or unfixed eyes ; or,accordi ng to oth ers, tha t h as one eye sma ller than the other . Strabonemappellat paetum pater. H o r .
— L1PPUS , blear - eyed. Omn ibus et lippisn otum et tonsor ibus. H or . Figura tively Cum tua pervid eas,
ocu
lis mala lippus inunctis, cur in amicorumvitiis tam cern is acutumH or.
CODEX, a table covered over with war , a book made Qf these tables,and wr itten upon wi th an iron sty le . Cod icis extrema cera . Cic. Codexaccep ti et expensi, Id A book of receip ts and expenses. COD IC I LLUS , (diminutive Qf codex , ) 1 . A little table- book covered over withwax Exarare in cod icillis ex emplum ep is tolae . Cic. Refer re in
cod icill is dicta . Id . 2. Letters po tent conta in ing a g ift granted by a
pr ince . Dato rum oflicio rum codicilli , Sue t., The letters patent (J theqfiices granted by a pr ince . 3. Pr iva te orders of a prince under theroya l sea l . Lectis cod icillis, Suet., Having read the order of the
p rince under the roya l sea l.
535. Coelestis. Divinas.
CaaLES '
r l s , heavenly , of or f rom heaven. Ccelestis ira. Liv. C03lestia p rod igia. Virg.
— D IV I NUS , apperta in ing to or comingf rom God .
Lud it in h amauls divina p otentia rebus. Ovi d . Amimos h 0minumesse divinos. Cic. Coelestes i rae, d ivinaeque legi ones . Id . Rem divinam facere , Ter ., To sacr ifi ce, to be a t pr ayers. Divinus li kewiseexpresses , very great, admirable. S enatus frequensupplicat ione Gabinio deneganda. Cic.
536 . Caelum. Polus . Olympus.
C(ELUM , fromxoTAog, concave ) is taken f or the whole of the upperh emisph ere tha t appears concave , and for the space conta ined therein .
Forma cuzli uadiqué sid er ibus o rnata . Cic: Cce lum h oc , in quo
nub es , imb res,ventique coguntur . Id . It is sa id of the a ir . Ath en is
tenue est coelum. Cic.— Pou rs , ( from noAsTv,verso , ) the pole, the
end or po int Qf the axletr ee whereon astronomers imag ine heaven to be
turned there a re two poles , called the Arctic and Antarctic. Quon iam te rra aver ticibus d uobus, quos appellaverunt po los, centrumcoeli est oblique inter eos sit i . Plin . Poets use p olus to express heavenitself Humentemque auro ra po l o d imoverat umbram. Virg.
OLYMPUS , Olympus, a mounta in in Macedonia very h igh , and that
appears to h ide its summi t in the clouds fr om whence poets have usedOlympus to express heaven , the seat of the Gods . Viam affectat
olympo . V i rg. Vasti recto r olympi. (Tvid .
537. Caena . Prand ium. Comessatio.
CmNA ( from xoivog, common ) was the even ing mea l amongst theanci ents , when all the familymet. Coenato mih i et j d ormitanti.Cic .
— PRAND IUM from napai gr imy, merid ianum) is what we calldi nner, a repast or refreshment at noon. Qui d ego istius p rand ia et
cmnas commemorem Cic.- C0MESSAT 1 0 is what the Greeks called
128
nwuaitsw, to go and paya vis it to Camus, a revelling , when af ter suppin at home p eople went out somewhere else to resume dr inking and to
ma themselves merry. Ad mediam noctem comessationem cumaliis extend ere. Suet . Epulas tr ifariam semp er, interd um quadrifar iz
‘
un d is
gertiebat, in j eutacula, in p randia, et emnas comessatio
nesque. I
538 . Cazna munda . Cazna lauta .
CCENA MUNDA , a s imple and decent repast. I’lerumque grate
d ivitibus vices, mund aaque cmnmparvo sub lare paupe rum. H or .
C(ENA LAUTA , a splendid and elegant repast. Coena magnifica et
lauta . Cic.
539 . Cmnaculum. Ccenatio. Triclin ium.
CaaNACULUM is g enerally sa id of the upper chambers, the upperstor ies (Ja dwell ing-house. Roma cmnaculis sublata atque susp ensa .
Cic. These rooms were commonly let to poor peop le. Hence Juvena lsays : Rams veni t in cmuacula miles . a pla ce in the
lower part of the house, wherein the better sort had th ei r meals. Al
gentem rap iat coenatio solem. Juv. Cmnationes laqueatw tabul iseburneisversatilibus . Suet .
— TR l CLI NwM, ( f rom r pe'
ig, th ree, andfi lm, a bed, ) beds for guests to lean a long upon, th ree on each. R0
gatus est aMax imo , ut triclinium sterneret. Cic. The din ing- roomitself where they were set. Lecti tricliniorum. Cic. Triclin ium capax
quindecim convivarum. Plin.
54-0. Caenum. Lutum. Limus .
CmNUM, (f rom xoiyog, impure ) mire, a muddy p lace. Cmnocup iens evellere plantam. H o r . Male clet omne coenum. Cic.
LUTUM , (f rom Auw, solvo ) diluted ea rth . Pictus ex arg illaet lutoh omunculus. Cic.
— LIMUS , slime, sediment tha t is f ormed at the bottomof water. S ive gravis veter i crateree limus ad he s it. H or .
541-1 Cogere. Calligere.
COGERE, (cum agere ) to assemble togeth er, to th icken . Tityre, coge
pecus . Virg. Cogerc senatum, milites . Cic. Frigore mella cogit
yems, ead emque calo r liquefacta remittit. Virg. Figur atively In
semi-h ora: curriculum cogere, Cic., To restra in with in the space if
half an hour. Ex h is , quod volumus, cogitur , Id The consequencewe wish for is unavo idably drawn. I t a lso signifies ,pel. Nfim te coegit, qui ne h ortatus quidem est Cic. V isvento rum in portum navem coegit. Id P COLLl GERE, ( legere cum) togather, to collect. Fructus colligere. Hor . Colligere exercitum ex
d esperatis senibus. Cic. Cap illos colligere in nod um. Ovid . Col
Iigere uaufragia fortune . Cic. Figurat ively Colligere salmos ,Liv., To come aga in to one
'
s senses. Colligeraventos omnes rumorum, Cic., To listen to a ll the reports tha t ar e spread abroad; Col
ligere i ram, H or ., To f all into a passion. Ex eo colligere po tes
quantaoccupatione d istineor , Cic. , You may concludef rom that how
bu I am. Colligere rati ones, Plaut., To draw up one’s accounts .
Co ligere rati ones, Cic., To getmany argumen ts together .
542. Cog ita re . Ercogitare.
COGITARE, (from agi tar e cum, or, according to Varroyfi om co
130
N eque semp er cum cognitor ibus esse possunt. And in another
p lace : Civem Romanum, qui COgnito res h omines h onestos daret,sublatum esse in crucem
'
l ha t i s to say, that a Roman ci tiz en hadbeen crucified , although he had called to his cha racter honest peoplethat had certified they very well knew h im to be a Roman ci ti z en, and
made themselves answerable f or the truth of it .4 Q UE S IT 0 R, (f rom
quazrere ) an examiner of cap ita l of ences, he who ma kes an inquest.Sap i ens j udex ,
azquus queas ito r . CIC . H unc quzesito rem ac j udi cemfugiebant atque h o rrebant ii quib us p ericulum creabatur . Cic . Vitasque et crimina d iscit que sntor Minos. Virg.
548 . Cognoscere. Agnoscere. D ignoscere. Recognoscere.
COGNOSCERE, to know a person or th ing unknown before, to knowaga in severa l th ings a t once. Po testas domin is res suas coguosceud ifacta . Liv. Cfim p rius omnes sua sigma cognovissent. C ic.
— AG
N o scs a a , to know aga i n wha t was known beyare . Et veterem Anch isem agnoscit amicum. Virg.
— DI G NOSCERE , to discern , to distin
gu ish . Curvo d ignoscere rectum. H or .— Rac
.
ocxo scmuz, ( rursfiscognoscere ) to ca ll or bring to remembrance , to revolve a th ing inone'
s mind . Se non tam i lla discese , quam reminiscend o recognos
cere . Cic.
549 . Cognoscer e de re a liquc’
i . Cognoscere ex aliqud re.
Cocuo scs ns DE a s ALIQUA , to take cogn isance of a th ing — COGN O SCERE EX A LIQUA R E, to know by a th ing . Thej b llowing examplef ully i llus tra tes the d z erence. De meabenevolentia e rga te p otescognoscere ex amico rum litter is . Cic .
550. Cohwrer e. Congruere.
COHE RERE, (h eerere cum) to stick or hang together. N eque enimmate riam coli cerere potuisse . si nullavi cout ineatur . Cic . Ad co
h aerendum omnia d uo tertium anquirunt. I . Figuratively Vix
h aeret orati o . Cic. Non cobaerent , Ter . , These th ings a r e inconsistent - CONGRUERE, (perhaps f rom cum and grus, a crane ; becausecranes always a re in a
.flock, ) to agree w i th , to accord. Congruitmul ier i muli e r magis. Ter. Lex qum congruit cum j udici o senatus .
Cic . Congruunt dicta fact is, Id . , The actions agree with the wor ds.
Congruunt et coli ze rent cum causa. Id . Ea mih i congruerevid enturquee ad unum e t idem similitudine magis acced unt ; res nexu quol ibet aut glut ine coh eereut G. D .
551 . Col/is . Cl ivus . Mons. Jugum. Tumulus . Agger.
COLL I S , a l ittle h il l, an easy ascent . Exercent vomere colles .
Virg . Collis paululum ex planitie ed itus Cass — Cmvus , ( fromxAivw
, to bend downwards ) the ascent or descent of a h ill . Descen
dere per clivum. Ovid . Qua se subducere colles incip iunt, mollique j ugum d emittere clivo . Virg.
— MONS, a mounta in,a great heap
of any th ing . Altitude montium. C ic._Przeruptus aquee mons .
Virg. Montes auri . Ter. -JUGUM , (f rom j ungere ) l . A yoke. Demere juga fatigatis bobus. H or . Figuratively G rave servitutis j ugum. C ic. 2. .d s j ugum is placed on the head of oxen, itj igur a twelysignifies th e top of a mounta in. Summum j ugum montis ascendere .
Cass . 3. A pa i r of any th in" . Jugum b oum. Col. C icero said in
warm“
nanum
msqnefl
Phat—(01m
l
the like mean ing . Jugum h 0minum 1mpiorum. 4 . The seat inwhereon the rowers si t. Inde alias an imas , quae per
.j uga l onga se
debant, d eturbat. V irg. 5. A weaver ’s beam. TelaJugo est j uncta.Uvid .
—TUMUI. US , f rom tumere ) a ris ing ground, any ra ised p lace.Tumulus terraeus. Cees. Est urbe egressis tumulus. Virg — AGGER
from gerere ) is sa id of a heap of ea rth of a terrace. Fossas aggerecomplent. Virg .
‘ Tep id oque onerabant aggere terrae ( ossa ) , Id . ,
They covered the bones with a soil still smok ing .
552. Coh ibere. Continere. Coercer e. Comp r imere. Frcenare. Com
pescere. Inhiber e.
COH IBERE, (h ab ere cum) to restra in: Crinem coh ibere n odo .
H or Coh ibere lapsu . Cic. Figuratively : Assentionem coh ibere
a rebus incertis. Cic — CONT IN ERE, ( tenere cum) to hold together.Exercitum castris continuit. Cass . Figuratively . Tacitum continere gaud iumr Liv.
—COERCERE, (arcere cum) to stop , to lie by.
Clausa domo teneor gravibusque coercitavinclis. Ovid. Mundusomn ia complexa suo coerect et continet. Cic. Figuratively : Te
meritatem coercere. C ic. C0MPR 1MERE, (p remere cum ) to presstogeth er, to keep close . Al i qu id comprimere mo t su. Cic. Com
p rimere dentes . Plaut. Figura tively . Comprimere sed itionem, tur
bas. Cic —FR]ENARE, to br idle, to curb a horse. Instructus fraenatusque equus . Liv. Figuratively C 1‘1m ej us animum conscientia
sceleris fraenaret. Cic. Ex igua cum frmuaret materia impetum.
Ph eed .— COMPESCERE, ( from cum and pascere ) p roperly to keep
with in the same pasture : it is very seldomused butf iguratively, tomaderate, to repress . Hunc fraenis, h unc tu comp esce catena. H or .
Mappa compescere risum. Id . Qummare compescant causze . Id .
Qui dissolutos mores vi compescuit. Ph aed .-INH IBERE, (h abere
in ) to hold i n , to keep back. Sp onte sua properan t ; labo r est inb ib ere volantes. Ovid. Inh ibere remos, Cic., is used in another senseCicero inf orms h is f riend that he knew only the day bj ore the energyof th is word ; ti ll th en he had though t tha t imb ibet e remos was sustin ere remos, instead of wh ich it was al i o mod o remigare , to row in a
d ifi er ent way, to a d ifi'
er ent pa rt. L ivy has sa id , Retro navim remisinh ibere. I t also s ignifies, to threaten . Suppl icia al ien i inh ibere .
Cic. Imp eria inh ibita nltro citroque, Liv. , They th reatened everyone that they would make use of their authority . Cupid itates velmediocres coh ibe ; erup turas cont ine ; erumpentes, obluctantes coe rce ; liberiores comp rime ; indociles fr ieua excurrentes comp esce.G. D .
553 . Colaphus. Alapa .
COLAPH US , (f rom uo'
Aa rpog) a blow with the hand , eith er open orshut. H omini misero plus qui ngentos colaph os infregit mih i . f er .Colaph is tuber est totum caput . Id .
— ALAPA , a blow or slap on the
cheek with the open hand. Ridere p otest qui Mamercorum alapas .
Juv. Infligere alapam. Ph aed . Dignus eras alap is. Mart.
554. Colleg ium. Gymnasium. Palwstra . Academia .
COLLEGI UM , (legere cum) (1 company of those that h ave an equalauthority, an assembly of colleagues , a college. Collegium pontificum. Cic. Collegium decemvi ral e . Id . Per collegium consulatus,
K 2
132
Tac., By our being consuls at the same time . Ambubaj arum col
legia. H or . Scire se n ih il concordi colle io ad Rempublicam tu
endam firmius esse . Liv.— GYMNAS I UM, f romyour/cigar, exerceo )
a place of exercise. Is Laodicea in gymnasio interfectus est. Cic.
C t‘
lm omnia gymnas ia ph ilosoPh i teneant. Id . Gymnas iumplenum
pueris . Quint.— PA LE STRA , (f rom amita) , lueta ) a place amongstthe Greeks f or wrestl ing and other exercises. Ill i statim h ominemd uxerunt in palmstram, atque ei pueros ostend erunt multos magnap rmd itos dign itate . Cic. It is also used to expr ess the exercise itself.
Ex ercent patrias oleo lab ente palaestras . Virg. I t isvery seldomsa idbut of bodily exercises.
— ACADEM1A (f romAcademus, a nobleman.who gave to the citiz ens of Athens (1 pa rk planted with a ll sorts af f inetrees, adorned with statues, and surrounded with porticoes It became
f amous for Pla to’
s school, whose disciples were calle Academici.Constituirnus inter nos ut ambulationem p ostmerid ianam confice
r‘
emus in Academl a . Cic . Academia is a lso sa id of the society orsect itselfi N ob is autem n ostra academia magnam licentiam d at, ut
quod cumque max ime p robabile occurrat, i d n ostro jure liceat d ef endere . Cic.
555. Collum. Cervix .
C OLLUM , f romo Ao , jungo ) the neck, the part Qf the bodyw hereby the h ead is j oined to the body. Collum secuit h ominis . Cic .
Procerum et tenue collum. Id f —Cnnvrx , th e h inder pa rtof theneck,the hollow part that is between the head and the nape of the neck. Im
pendet ce rvici gladius. Cic. It is elegantly used in the p lural : Ah
scindere cervicibus caput, Cic., Ta cut of the head from the shoul
ders. I t is a lso sa id of an imals. Natw ad jugum b oum cervices.
C ic. Figuratively : In cervicibus b ellum est, Liv., We a re th reatened with war . Sustinere co llo et cervicibus pmnam avar itiee , Cic.,
To bepunished f or the avar ice.
of another. In the p lural it also s igui
fi es, pride, fi rmness . Qui erant stantis cervicibus, Cic., Who had
fi rmness enough . Frangere cervices, Id ., To subdue the pr ide of a
man.
556. Coloniaz Romance . Colonzce Lal i nce .
COLONIA, (f rom colere ) a colony , a number of men and women
that ar e sent to dwell in an un inhabited p lace, with an allowance afland for their tillage . Ded ucere n ovas colonias, renovareveteres .
Cic. Among the Romans the colonies were of two sorts ; Romanaeand Latinze . They were a ll composed of Roman ci tiz ens, with th isd ifi
'
erence, tha t Romanee colon ize were free of Home, with a ll the
p rivileges of Roman citiz ens, and the r igh t of sufi'
rages at elections.Videtur in suffragiis multump osse Gallxa. Cic. Speaking of Romancolon ies. The co lon ia: Latina were f ree of Italy only, and enj oyedless p rivileges than the Romanee coloniw ; hence Cicero, in h is oration
f or Ball us, says Multos ex coloniis Latinis c ives esse factos.
‘
557. Colonus. Colonicus.
COLONUS, an adj ective, (f rom colere ) fi t to be tilled. Uti eon
sules agnoscerent, qui ager colonus esset, quamilitesveteram ded ucti assent . C ic.
- Common s , perta ining to a colony . C oh o rtescolonica . Caes.
mistrata coma. Cic. Pracessit mad enti coma. Id .- CAPILLUS
,
(quas i cap itis p ilus ) the ha ir in genera l. Lenit albescens animascap il lus.
'
H ar . Promissus cap illus. Liv— Ca lms, (f rom xpirw, di
scemo ) is sa id of the ha ir when set in order or platted. Serus adulteros crin es pulvere collines. H or . Hmc civitas mul ier i redimi .culum p raabeat, h aec in collum, hmc in crines . Cic. Maj o res natucap i te ap ert o erant, cap illo pexo ,vittisque innexi s crinibus . Var .CE SAR IES , (f rom caed o ) is par ticular ly sa id qf a man
’
s h ead af hair ,because women
'
s heads of ha ir never were cut. Pectere cafsar iem.
H or . Pr omlssa caesar ies . Liv.—C1 NC INNUs , ( from xixm o; a curl
of :ha i r. Erant illi campt i cap illi , et mad entes cincinno rum fimbr iae.
Clc. fi guratively Cincinn i oratorii, f arfetched ornaments in a d iscourse.
563. Comes . Socius. Soda lis .
Comes ( ire cum) is prop erty a f ellow- traveller. C omes qui e tos equi tur et placido gradu. Ph aed . Ipse comes N is o gradi tur . Virg .
— S p a ys, a compan ion af for tune: Per iculorum socius . C ic. Cujusfug1ent1s comes , Rempublicam recup erantis socius esse d ebeo . 1d .
Cfim se victoriae Pomp ei i comitem esse malle t, quam socium Cae
saris0
1 11 rebus adversis . Id . Figuratively Tum en imvitae soc iavirt us, inertis comes glor iaa fa isset. Cic.
— SonAL1 s , a compan ion a t
pastimes or p leasure ; and socius , a compan ion in ser iousma tters. Epu
labar cum sod alibus omn ino madice. Cic. Planons in petitione
habuit multas cup id os sui et gratiosos ; quos si tu sodales vocas,ofiiciosam amicitiam nomine inquinas crimin oso . Id . S ocius agentem adjuvat ; comes sequitur euntem. G. D .
564 . Camessator . Camessabundus .
COMES SA '
I‘
OR, h e who ea ts and drinks out of mea l- time, a revel/er.
Al ia subsell iorum rati o , alia lectorum ; non 1dem j ud icum comessatorumque conspectus. Cic. Figuratively : Comessato res co r j urationis, Cic., Revelling consp i rators (a lluding to those that comewh en a repast is over ) . Comessator i s sa id q
“
the habi t, and Co
MES SABUNDUS , of thevery act, af r evellzng Temulento agmine co
messabundus incessn . Liv. Item in veli iculis comessabund us exercitus , Q . Curt., The whole army f ollowed in waggons , ea ti ng and
dr inking in a d issalutemanner .
565. Cominits . PropZ’.
COMI NUS , (cummanu ) n igh a t ha nd , hand to hand . Cum h aste
caminus ense pugnare . Cic . Quid d icam jacto qui semine caminusarva insequitur , cumulosque ru it malep inguis arenee Viro . Sometimes the husbandman is obl iged to brea k th e lumps Qf ea r th with a
p ick -axe and a g reat dea l if labour . Figuratively Nunc comlausagamas ; exper iarnurque, &c. Cic.
— PROPE , nea r . Intuer i p rop'
e.
Cic. Bellum tam p ropea S icilia. Id . Cominus would beFiguratively : Propé f
’
actum est, ut exirent. Liv. Propé urb is mur os adolescentes quidam petulan tes circulatorem caminus incessabant baculis . G . D .
566 . Comis . Humanus. Urbanus .
COM I S, (f romna'
o'
um, o rnatus ) courteous, af abk, civil , compla i
135
sant. Comis in uxorem. H or . Comes esse d icuntur , qui errant icomiter monstrant viam. Cic .
— H UMA N US , humane, obtigmg , k ind .
Comis et h umanus erga alias . Cic .~ URBANUS , of or l elongzng to a
ci ty . Urbanus mus H or . Vir urbanus among the Romans signi
j ed a courteous man, as aka—r em; among the Greeks ; what wegener a lly
call a cour tier ,‘ because in republics the cap i ta l city is p roperly the res i
dence of the court . Comis et urbanus . Hor . Comis is contrary toi nj ur iosus ; h umanus to ferns ; urbanus to rust 1cus, agrest1s, rust1
camus .
567 . Comitar z . S tipa re .
COM I TAR I , (comes i re ) to a ccompany it is gener ally sa id Qf an
inferior go ing a long wi th a superior . Pastorem comitantur ovesVirg . Palaemon H er ilem filium dum comitatur in sch olas l1 tter
o
as
d id icit. Suet . Figura tively : Caetera quae comitantur h uicv1tae. CIC .
- ST I PARE, (f rom arv'
nn, tow ) to s top wi th tow . Stipare per tabulata. Col . I t is used for to th i cken ,
to cond ense, to heap up . Aut
cum liquentia mella stipant (ap es ) . Virg. Stipatque car inis ingens
argentum. Id . Figura tively To a ttend upon ,to be .
in the.
tra i n orr etznne of, to e scort An ton ius Senatum stipavit armis. C 1c. Non
usitatafrequentiastipati sumus . Id . Af ootma n accomp an ies h is master ,comitatur ; when thema ster h as guar d s with ll tm, stipant .
568 . Comitia . Concilium. ( oncio . Coetus . Conventus .
COM IT IA , ( from coire ) a n assembly of the people f or the electionof consuls and other mag istra tes , or for mak ing laws Venio ad co
mitia , s ive magistratuum, sive legum. Cic.— CONC 1LIUM, [r am cum
and cal o , to ca ll ) the a ssembly of the people i n order to d elibera te.
C oncilium p opul i d atur amag ist1 atibus . Liv. It is especial/y sa id ofthe assembly of the Gods, (y the gr ea t ones. Conci lium Deorum.
Cic. C oncilium d ucum. Id .— CONC I O, (oi ere cum ) an as semblyQf
th e people, or of the sold i ers . Livy has very well p ointed out the dij'
erence between conci o and concilium. Af ter having mentioned on as
sembly g“sold iers , tha t w as [allowed by a court -martia l, he says : Di
missa conci on e , concilium h ab itum. ConciO h owever is somet imesused f or an assembly of grea t p eop le : Pr incipum conciones. Cic.
Concilium i s li kewise sa id of an assembly of the peop le Hunc pate rsenex co ncilium p lebis h abentem d e templo d ed uxit . Cic.
— Caucus ,(f rom co ire ) any a ssembly or meeting whatever . Coe tus matronarum.
C ic. Cce tus mefaru . l d .— CO N V ENTUS is sa id of peop le assembled
wi th in th e same p lace . S iracusan i festas dies agunt celeber r lmo vir orum et mulierum conventu . Cic. Comitia sunt liberorum c1vium,
ut magistratus eligantur , aut lex aliqua sanciatur ; concilium est
p r incipum, ut aliquid d ecernatur ; conci o p leb is aut militum, ut au
d iatur orati o ; coetus est pauco rum aut p lurium ad negot ium quadl 1bet, aut e tiam ad oblectat lonem conventus fit aut statis aut ind ictis d iebus , s ive ad festum celebrand um, sive ad mercaturam, s ivead aud iend um p raetorem j us in w e?p rovincia d icen tem. G. D .
569 . Comitium. Cur ia . Forum. Sena tus.
ComIT IUM, th e place where the assembly of the peop le met . Adcom1t1umveniant, ad stantem j ud icem d ican t Cic. The comitiumj armed one (y the sides af the publ ic p lace at Rome. The rostrum had
136
been p laced on tha t spat.— CUR 1A , the state-house wh ere the senate assembled. Venit in curiam frequens senatus . Cic. I t is used f or thesenate itself: Jubet curia. Cic . It also signifies a consecra ted place.Salio rum curia e rat in palatia. Cic. Pomp eiana curia, in qua Pom
p ei i simulach rum e rat. Id .— FORUM , cons id ered as synonymous with
the other words , was the common pla ce where courts were kept, and
matters of j udgement p leaded, at Rome , and those courts were keptunder the p ort icos Qf thef orum. Fo rum litibus orbum. H or . Cumfo rum, comit ium, curiammultad e n octe armatis h ominibus ac servisp ler isque occupassent. Cic.
— SENATUS , the senate, eith er the wholebody of senators , or the p lace wh erein they assembled to treat of theafi
'
airs of the Roman republ ic. In senatumven it. Cic. Senatus estconvocatus, frequensque convenit. Id .
570 . Comitialis. Comitiar ius.
COM I T IALI S , apperta in ing to an assembly of the p eople. Gonsecuti sunt dies comitiales, per quos senatus h ab eri non p o terat. Cic.
Mensis comitialis . Id . Comitiales h omines, Plaut ., Litig ious peo
p le constantly attending courts. Comil iale V itium, Sen . , has a veryd zfi
'
er en t mean ing : it s ign if ies the falling-sickness , ep ilepsy : The Romans broke up th eir assembl ieswh en anybody was taken i ll if thefa lling
-sickness.— COM I T IAR IUS , af ter the manner of a publ ic assembly
or convocation of the people. In h ac comitian a j am duorum ex ercituum statione principes Nolanorum nuntiant Marcello n octurnacolloquia inter p lebem et Pmnos fier i. Liv.
o 0 o571 . Commeare. Mtgrare. Imn rar e. Ren rare.
COMMEARE, (meare cum) to go and come, to go to and fro, totravel . Ultr t
‘
) citrdque commeant. Liv. Te i llam navem parare ,quaa ad ea furta, qua: reliquisses, commearet. Cic. FigurativelyCujus 1n ll Ol’tOS Jure suo libid ines omn ium commearent. Cic.
—M1
GRARE, to remove f rom one place to another , to sh ij t one s habitat ion .
M igrare domo . Cic. Migratum est Romam. Liv. FigurativelyVoluptas migravit ab aure . Hor .
— IMMIGRARE (migrare in ) rela testo the place wh ereunto one is going . In suas aedes 1mmigrare. 1 ' i
guratively . Imm1g1 are in ingen ium suum, Plaut., To l ive af ter one'
s
own way, without control.— REM IGRARE, ( rursus migrat e to go
back , to return to one s fi r st dwell ing pla ce . Remigrare in amumveterem de n ova. C ic. Figuratively : Ri ne integrum qu idem erat,ut ad j ustitiam remig1 aret . Cic
572. Commemoratio. Mentia.
COMMEMORAT IO , a mentioning and putting in mind of a th ing pastor well known. Antiqui tat is commemoratio . Cic. Commemo ratioh uj us rei magnam mih i lactitiam attul it. Id . Verres 1n assidua commemoratione omn ibus omn iumvitiorum fuit . Id . Every body was
continua lly mentioning Verres, as r ender ed infamous bya ll sorts (Ju ices .
— MENT IO , mention , remembrance. Facere mentionem d e p ecun ia.
C ic. Casu in eorum mentionem incid i . Id . Mul tas rerum a se
gestarum ita commemo ratio d electat, utvix al i enee virtut is mentionem nllam fier i patiantur . G. D .
h id in g,"
138
Qf rom cum and pangere ) a closeJOtnl ng of several parts int? a whole.h fliciens h umilem lap idum compagibus aroum. O V1d . Dum sumus
in h is inclus i compagibus. Cic.
579 . Commodor e. Mutuum dare.
COMMODARE . p r operly to make commodious or conven ient. Om
nibus in rebus se alicui commodare . Cic. Patientem culturae com
made t aurem Bar . In th is sense we say Commodare aurum, ar
gentum, frumentum, aedes, Cic., To lend gold, s ilver, corn ,a house.
MUTUUM DARE , to lend Huic dedit magoam pecuniammutuum.
Cic. I t aligh t to be observed here that good authors d o not mymutuod are , sumere , accipere , 81 0 . but mutuum d are , &c. kVefi nd in
( icer o mutu i) facere , but qu i te i n a d ifl'
erent sen se. Te ut d 1ligas me,51mutud me facturum p utas , rogo , if you th ink I wi ll g ive you l i ke
f or l ike. C ommodare is more genera l than mutuum dare ; it si gui es
utendum dare . We very prop erly say commodare equum, zedesbut we cannot say wi th a ny p rop riety mutuas dare sedes , mutuumdare equum .
580 . Commod ita s. Commodum. Utilitos .
COMMOD ITA S , commodi ty , conveni ent e, f acil ity . V itmcommod itas
j ucund itasque . C ic. Ex ternm commod itates . vineta, segetes , oliV e ta, &c . Id . Commod a would admit a/
'
o dgfi'
er ent Sen \e.— C ( JMMO
DUM , advantage Valetud inis commod um. C ic. Ex incommod is
alterius sua comparare commod a . Id . Quad commodo reipub licae
facere p assis. Id - UT 1 L1 TA S , ( fromuti ) ut i li ty Natura providautilitatum omn ium. Cic. Non abh or ret ab util itate aud ito rum h aecmea orati o . Id .
58 1 . Commodus. Opportunas. Utilis
COMMODUS, commod ious , fi t f or . Commod um ann i tempus . Cic.
Non commoda terra Bacch o . Virg Commod a o rati o Cic. An
agreeable speech .
—OPPORT UN US , fromab and p ortus ) favourable,meet for . Urbs p ortu opportun issima . Cic. Tempus oppo r tunum.
Id Oppor tunus. inj ur iee , Liv. , z
'
go in s t whom an inj ustice mayea sily be committed Oppo rtunus cr iminibus , Id Aga inst whomac
cusa tions ar e easi ly believed Ad omnia l1 a=c magis Opportunus nemo
est , Ter Nobody is fi tter f o r a ll those th i ngs th a n h e is.- UT 1L l s ,
useful, adva ntageous . Gibus utilis segra . Ovid . Nunquam est utile
p eccare , qu ia semp er est turp e . Cic.
5853. Cammodus Facilis.
COMMODUS , synonymous w ith facilis . is a campla isant man, a manwho never contrad icts other peop le
’
s tempers . Commodis mo ribus .
C ic. S ibi commodus uni, H or ., One good to no l ody l ut h imsel/l
FAC l Li s , easy, who eas i ly grants . S i faci les nos babuer int ad'
conced end um. C ic. Faciles de os h ab ere Ovid . Facilem papulum h ab ere . C ic . Facilis ad eum p r ivato rum aditus . Id Vo lens facilisque sequetur , Virg.
, You will eas ily putt it out ( th egolden
583. t'
ommotio . (, ommatiuncula
Co s/mon o , (movere cum) emotion. ag ita tion . Commatio an imiC1C . Commot1onem quidam accip i vo lunt tempo rarium an1m1
ti l-km
139
motom, sicut i ram, pavorem. Qu int.— C0MM0 TIUNCULA , (diminat ive if commot i o ) a sma ll motion Tentati ones et commotiunculae
non morb i sunt, sed morborum i ni tia. C10 .
584. Communicar e. Par tir i . Pa rticipa re. Imper tir i .
COMMUN ICARE, (f rom communis ) to commun ica te, to share a th ngwith anoth er. Ego provinciam cum Anton i o communicavi. Cic.
Causam dolor is sui cum aliquo communicare. Id .- PART I R I , to di
vide , to sha re out. Bona sua partit i . Cic . N eque h oc par tiend zeinvidia , sed communicandae landis causé loquor Id .
- PART IC IPA RE, ( from pars ) to g ive a sha re of, to receive a share of Suas
laudes cum aliquo part icipare . Liv. Qui alteri ex itium parat, eums ci re opor tet s ib i paratam p esteg) , ut par ticipet parem. Cic . IM
PERT I RE and IMPERT IR I , (f rom in and partir i ) to g ive p art to an
o th er, to make partaker if . Fortunas aliis imper tir i. Cic . Terentiaimper tit t ib i multam salutem. Id . Th is verb va ries in its syntax .
Aliquem malis imper tir i . Ter . Sai'p é id oneis h omin ibus indigentibus de re familiari imper tiendum est . Cic. Plur imé salute Parmen ionem impertit Gnato . Ter . Ut si quam p raestantiamvirtutis conseont i sunt, imper tiant earn suis, commun icentque cum p r ox imis .
C ic. I t migh t be pr over/ysa id Fortunas cum fratre meo par titus,
t ib i non modo libenter imper tior ali quid , ut particip es ; sed nltro
tecum omn ia communicabo . G. D.
585. Communica tio . Communio . Communitas .
COMMUN ICAT I O , commun ica ti on , making of a th ing common to se
veral . Nunquam 51 maj o r ibus nostr is intermissa est largitio et communicatio civitat is Cic . Commun icatio utilitatum. Id . Suavissirnasermonis communicatio . Id — COMMUN IO , mutua l participa tion , an
equa l enj oymen t of the same th ing . Communio pari etis, Tac . , A par
tition -wall . Communio sanguin is, Cic . , Consangu ini ty Communiobeneficio rum, Id Mutua l good-offices In communionem tuorumb onorum b ona ac fortunas meas contuli. Id .
— COMMUN I T A S , commun ity , society . Conimun itas cum imp rob is . Cic . Naturaiis commun itas, Id ., A natura l union . Commun itas vitae atque victfis Id .
Vitae commun itas, eh utilitatum commun icatio non raroarcti l‘
i s j un
gunt h omin es, quam communio sanguinis. Per communicationem
paria fiunt inte r singulos j ura ; per communionem id tantfim quisqueh abet quod ips i ex legibus, aut institutis usu ven it . G. l ) .
586. Comoedus . Comicus. Histr io Afl imus . Lud ius . Ludio .
COMCEDUS , (f rom xwur} , a village, and (3317, a song ) a comed ian,an
actor cf comed ies Comedies were acted in vi llages, w i th much s inging.
Sed commdum in trag oed iis, et tragoed um in commdus admod l‘
im
p lacuisse videmus . Cic .
— COM I CUS , be ang ing to comedies , comic.
Poe’
ta comicus Cic. V ersibus exponi tragicis res comica non vult.H 0 r .
— H I STRJO , (ab h ister , a Tuscan word ) a b id/( ion, a d ancer onthe rope or on the stage, a j ugg ler . Qui ne in nevissimis quidem erath i str ionibus, ad p rimos pervenerat comoed os Cic.
—5M1M0 5, ( fromp ip sio
' fiatt , to mimic, to imita te ) , a mimic, a scurr ilous buj ban MimiIsnd o ri filia . C ic.
— LUD IUS and LUD I O were young menwho ,in publ ic
games, danced in the circus bef ore any oth ers did. Lud iones ex Etru
140
r ié acciti ad tibicinismodos saltantes. Liv. Ludius tequatam ter pede
p ulsat h umum. Ovid .
587. Comparabilis. Comparandus. Comparativas .
COMPARA BILI S . tha tmay be compared, comparable. C omparab ileest quod in rebus diversis similem aliquam rati onem obtinet. Cic.
COMPARANDUS , to be compared with . Min ime cum h is qui sed eantcomparandus . C ic.
— COMPARAT I V US , wherein is comparison, used tomake a compar ison . Judicatio comparativa. Cic. Comparativus gradus, Qu int., The comparative degree ( in gramma r ) .
588 . Compendia rias. Compendiosus.
COMPEND I AR IUS , 8from cum and p endere ) brief , short, abr idged.
S ocrates h ancviam a gloriam p rox imam, et quas i comp endiariamess e d icebat, si quis i d ageret, ut qual is hab erivellet, tal is esset. Cic.
— COMPEND IO SUS , p rofi table, useful , advantageous . Quod per partesx
é
onnunquaql. damnosum est, in summé. tameo fit oompeud iosum.
IC.
589 . Compes. Al anica . N ervus .
COMPES , ( quas i continens p edes ) afetter or shackle for thef eet Qfcr imina ls . It wasvery heavy . Duré comped e perustus crura. H or .
Tard ae passurus compedis o rbes . C laud .—MAN ICA , ( front manus )
manacles to tie the hands. In manicis et comped ibus stevo te sub
custode teneb o . H or . Man ica properly s ignifies a sleeve — NERVUS ,(f rom yefipov, a nerve or s inew, ) the str ing of on instrument. Ne rvi infid ibus ita sonant , ut 51 d igitis puls i sunt. Cic . Ha rd and dry nerveswere used to make a pa i r of stocksfor the neck , hands , orf eet, in torture.C o rpus in nervum et supplicia dare . Liv. In nervum i re . Ter.
590. Comp ila re. Expilar e.
COMP ILARE (f rom t eTv, top ile up ) and EXPILARE d zfi'
er in this,that comp ilare conveys the idea of many persons p illagi ng and p lundering together , or of many th ings stolen together. Ali i omn ia quee p ossum:fana comp ilant. C ic. Uno impetu totum Opp idum compilavit. Id .
Ne te comp ilent servi . Hor .— EXPI LARE is not only top illag e, top lun
der, but also to carry ofi'
the spoil. Di onysius fanum Proserp inaeLocrisexp ilavit. Cic . Exp ilare th esauros , Liv., To mr ryqfi
'
treasure . Figur ative/y ExPilatque genis oculos : facit ira valentem. Ovi d.
59 1 . Compita. Trivium.
COMPITA, (f rom cum and p eterc) a p lace wh ere severa l ways
meet. Manat per comp ita rumor . H on—v w m, (tres v
p la ce where th ree ways meet. Ut in atrus auctiouarus potius
in triviis aut in compitis auctionentur . Cic.
592. Comp lementum. Supplemen tum.
COMPLEMENTUM, (f rom cum and pleno s ) a complement or complet ion . Inculcata reperius inan ia qumd am verba, quas i comp lementanumerorum. C ic. Omn ium accusationum comp lementum. Id
SUPPLEMENTUM, a supplement, a'
supplyofmen j or the navyo
or a rmy .
Decemmil lia novorummilitum scripta in sup lementum. Liv. Gout
p lementum rem perficit supplemeutum i quod d eerat adJlClt.
G . D .
par ) to compa re, to po int, to point out the relation of similitude. S imilitud ines comparare . Cic. Comparare h ominem cum h omine , et
tempus cum temp ore , et rem cum re . Id Comparare (f rom cumand parare ) s ignifies to hoa rd up .
597. Campos. Patens.
COMPOS , (p otiri cum ) tha t h as obta ined his desire or purpose Cam
p atem patr iee facere aliquem. Liv. Campos liber tatis. Plaut. Cam
pos sui . Liv. Campos p raedaexercitus. Id . Campos sci entia. Cic.
Camp os miser iarum.1Plaut — POTEN S , synonymous with comp os,
powerful, master . Diva patens Cypr i . H or . Patens regui. Liv.H arum adventus consules imp eri i patentes fecit, Id ., Thei r a rr ivalrestored th e consuls to all their authority . Sui p atens. Cic. Vot i aliquem patentem faeere. Ovid . Camp os and compotem would not
be improp er in the two last examp les ; but patens ra ther s ign ifies thehabit, and compas th e act.
598 . Camposvoti . Reus voti. Damnatusvoti .COMPOS VOT I , is one who has obta ined h is des ire . Aliquemvoti
campatem facere . Liv.— REUSva ’
n , that is bound by a vow or promise. Vab is laetus ego h oc cand entem in littore taurum constituamante arasvoti reus . Virg.
— DAMNATUS VOT I , that is obliged to fulfi lh isvow, having obta ined the eflizct of h is prayer . Tib i vota quatannisagr icalaz faci ent ; d amnabis tu quoque vatis, V i rg. , The husbandmen w i ll aj
'
er you thei r vows every yea r you will hear th emf avourably , and thereby obl ige them tof ulfil their promises .
599 . Composite. Compositb.
COMPOS ITE, in order, or derly . O rator is est comp osite, ornate,cap iosé eloqu i . Cic. Agere al iqu id compositius quamfestinantius.Tac . of set purpose,for the mace. Comp osite rump itvocem et me d estinat arm, Virg . , In concert with Ulysses, he brokes ile nce , and devoted me to the alta r as avictim.
600 . Compromissum. Repromissio .
COMPROM I S SUM, ( pramittere cum) a compromise, a bond or en
gagement wh erein two parties oblige themselves to stand to the arbitrat ion or award of the ump ire or ump i res . C omp romisso et j urej urand aimped iri, Cic To be bound by a compr omise and oa th . C omp romissum facere , Id . , To
'
g ive l and to an awa rd, to put to a rbr itra tion. Com
p romissum d icitur , say the lawyer s, ed quod uterque, l itigator simul
p ramittat se arbitrisententize par iturun1 .— REPRaM 1 8 8 1o , a recip rocal
p romi se, a mutua l engagement. Cautiane et repr omiss ione id Fann ius Rascia d ebebat. C ic. Quinta a te qu id ita d e h ac pecun iacomp romissum feceris , arb itram sumpseris quantaaaquius et melius sitdari rep romittique Id .
601 . Conari . Mti . Mal i ri .GONAR I , to endeavour . Conar i manibus pedibusque, Ter., To
strive tooth a nd na il . Conar i s ign ifies a lso toformgrea t designs , to medita te grand th ing s. Magnum apus et ard uum canari . Cic.
— N IT I ,to lean or rest upon , to be supported. Nituntur radicibus suis arb ores .
Cic. Alis n iti . V irg. Fi guratively Niti p raesid ia alicuj us . Cic.
14
D ivinatia nititur in canj ecturé . Id .— MOL1 R I , (f r om males ) to move
ci th i ng with great la bour and d ifliculty. Num man tes maliri sua sede
p aramus? Liv. Figurat ively : To d o a toil some work , to ma ke grea t
p repa rations . Discard iam Op timaturn maliri . C ic. Maliri arcem.
Virg. Dummo liuntur , dum comuntur , annus est. Ter . ( Speakingof coquettes wh ilst they ar e di z ening , &c . )
602. Cancaeus . Connexus .
CONCAV US , concave , hollow on the inside . Ven tus concavavelatenet. Ovid . Speluncarum concaves altitud ines . Cic— C0 N VEXUS ,convex . We only understand by canvexus the outsid e surface of anyth i ng tha t in tending downwa rds ; but the ancients meant l ikew ise byit the curve even of the ins id e surf ace. Aspice canvex o nutantem pondere mundum. Virg Taedet caeli convexa tueri . Id .
603. Concedere Tr ibuer e. Cedere .
CONCEDERE, to grant as af avour . Multa multis de j ure suo con
cedere . Cic. Concedere amicis quidquid velint . Id . Multi smpéin j ud icand a liberum p eccata parentum miser icord iae concesserunt.
Id . I t a lso s ignifies, to yield out of compla isance. A me sic d iligitur ,u t tibi uni concedam, p rmtereanemini . Cic.
— TR IBUERE, to g ive ath ing wh ich is due ,
or tha t seems j ust. Suum cuique tr ibuere . Cic.
Tr ibuend a est opera Reipublicae . Id .— CEDERE, to g ive up , to leave.
Cedere fo rtunze. Id . And in a mor e genera l sense, cedere dama, vita,&c . C ic. H ora
'
e quid cedunt et dies Id . Gesserit Ausonia si forsV ictoria Turno . V i rg. Pmna cessit in vicem fid ei, Liv Their pun ishment passed instead o/payment or (as some translate it) th ey payh imaverage i nstead of money .
604. Concentus. Harmon ia .
CONCENTUS, (canere cum ) a concert of music, the harmony of se
vera l voices or instruments , or of two only . Avium concentus. Cic.
H ic est , inquit ille , sanus, qui intervallis canj unctus impar ibus, sedtameo p ro ratapor tione dist inctus impulsu et motu ipsarum arbiumeflicitur , qui
'
acuta cum gravibus temp erans, mquab iliter concentusefiicir. Id . Figura tively Nunc age, quid n ostrum cancentum divid at, audi. H0 r .
— HARMON IA , (depi ct/la g ) harmony , melody , a due
proportion of sounds . Harmoniam ex intervallis sonorumnasse passumus, quorumvaria compositio etiam h armon ias efficit plures . Cic.
Good authors never use th is word figura tively. Concentu d ifficilia
peragimus ; h armon ia d emulcentur aures. G. D .
605. Concertare Controversar i .CONCERTARE, to contest, to dispute together , to debate Concertare
verb is cum aliquo . Cic.— CON TROV ERSA R I , (vertere contra ) to be
of a d ifier ent op inion , to controvert. Nunc avob is pastula , ut d e istacanced atis alter alteri , et inte r vos d e h uj usmod i rebus controversemini , nan cancertetis, C ic., You may d ifi
'
er i n po int of op in ion on
the subj ect 5 but do not quarrel .
606 . Concer tator ius. Concer ta tivus.
CON CERTATORIUS , belong ing to a pleading in suits and trials atlaw
, controvers ia l. Genus d icend 1 cancer tatarium, Cic., The j udi
ciul sty le used in law.— CONCERTAT IVUS , contentious, recrimina
impeach ing one another. Mutua accusatio, quam n ostrivacant concertativam. Qumt.
607. Concider e. Corruere.
Concmenn, (cadere cum) to f a ll together, to sink with too muchweight. Vent i cancid unt, H or ., The winds ar e abating . Tota domus concid it. Cic. Sub anere cancid ere, Liv., To s ink under a
burden. Figuratively Concid ere an imis, Cars , To befa int-hearted.
S imul an imus cum re concid it. Cic. Artes cancid unt, Id ., The a rts
f all to decay .— CORRUERE, ( ruere cum) tof a ll violently together , to
tumble down. Taber nmmih i duaa car ruerunt. Cic. Figura tively .
Una meo fato et tu et omnes mei carruistis. Cic. Et p ene ille timore, ega r isu carrui. Id .
608 . Conciliare . Reconciliare.
CONC I L IA RE, to conciliate, to un ite . 1psius vi rtus debet te can .
c iliare illi . C ic. H ac statua esse virtut is conciliare a nimas h ominum. Id . C onciliare does not suppose any breach cf peace but RE
CONC IL IARE ( rursus conciliare ) a lways imp lies vari ance . Quad scrib is de recanciliand an ostragratia, nan intelligo cur recanciliatamesse diois, qua nunquam immutata est . Cic. Quibus eadem Respublica me recanciliavit, quae alienaverat . Id .
609 . Conci ii er e. Occiner e.
CONC INERE, (cumand cauere ) to accord in one song or tune. Omn ia tristia concinuerunt aves. Tibul. Ub i ce rtis numer is ac pedibusvelut facta canspiratiane cansensit, atque concinuit ch o rus. Cic.
Figurat ively to agree well together . Sto ici cumPer ipateticis re conc inere vid entur , verb is discrepare . Cic .
— OCC INERE, (canere ob ) tohoot or s ing inausp iciously , as an owl does . S i pulli non pascentur ,si tard ius ex caveaexier int , si occinuer it avis . Liv.
6 10. Concinnitas . Elegantin .
CONC INN ITA S , (f rom cinnus, a curl of ha ir ) neatness, regula ri ty .
Sententiarum cancinni tas. Cic. V erborum cancinnitas . Id . Collocata verba h abent ornatum, si aliqui d cancinn itatis h abent . Id .
ELEGANT IA , ( legere 6 ) good taste, propriety , elegancy . Elegancycons ists in nobleness of thoughts and puri ty Qf express ion . Elegantin.sermonis . Cic. Agricultura abh or ret ab omn i palitiare elegantié .
Id . Annos celans elegantia. Ph aed .
61 1 . Concio. Oratio .
CONC IO, synonymous with orati o , a h arangue It is generally ad
dressed to the people or to the soldi ers. Dux cancianem habuit admilites. Liv. It is sa id of the p lace whence the har a i i ue is delivered.
Ascendi in concionem, concursus est p opul i factus . Cic .— ORA '
N O ,an or a tion. is generally prepa redfor solemn and publ ic occurrences . Isa
crates orationis faciendmac arnand in auctor locupletissimus . Cic.
A commander addresses cauci onem to h is soldiers, in order to ra ise theircourage an academician delivers o rationcm.
146
s itvari os, quamvis diversa sonarent, conco rdare sonos . Ovid . Figu
r a tively: Animi sanitas dicitur , cum ej us judicia Opinionesque con
cordant . Cic .— QUADRARE, (f rom quatuor ) prop erly to squa re, or
ma ke square . Cap itolium sax o quadrato substructum. Liv. Agmenquadratum. Cic. Figurat ively : Omnia in istum quadrare ap tevid entur , Cic. , Every th ing suits h imvery well. Visum est mih i 11 0 0ad multa quadrare , Id . Th is seemed to me to servef or many purposes .
Res ap t; inter '
se forma et compositione quadrant ea ve to concor
dare vid entur, é quibus unum quidp iam ex istit, aut efiicitur . G. D .
6 17. Concordia . Unanimitas.
CONCORD IA , ag reement, concord. Concordia et consp iratio omn iumo rdinum ad d efend endam liber tatem. Cic. Si ad concord iamf res
adduci p osset. Id . Concordiaparvae res crescunt discordiamas-Limed ilabuntur . Sall .— UNANxm r A s , (unus an imusand wil l. Fraterna unan imitas. Liv. Concord ifi j ucundé vxvunus ;unanimi tate semp er eadem amplectimur aut aversamur . G. D .
6 1 8 . Concrescere . Glari ar e. Riger e.
CONCRESCERE, (crescere cum) to th icken, to grow th ick .
concrescit n ive p ruinfique . Cic. Concrevit fr igore sanguis .
-GLAC IARE, to congeal, to turn to ice Cum glaciantur aquae.Positas ut glaciet n ives p uro lumine Jup ite r. Hor . Figura tivelyCuri o nitribunatus glaciat, Cic., Cur io is quite id le dur ing his tribunesh ip -RI GERE, to stiflén, to grow stifi K igera gelu. Liv. Vestes(
6
stro auroque r igentes . Virg. Rigent fr igore partes mundi inculta .
10 .
6 19 . Concubia nox . Intempesta nox.
CONCUBIA N ox , (cubare cum) when peop le a re in bed and in theirfi rst sleep . Qui ut emunti quiescerent, concubian octe visum est in
s omn is ei qui erat in h ospitio , &c . Cic.— Nox I NTEMPESTA , (non
tempus , because the time of‘
the n ight is not emp loyed in working ) at anunseasonable time of the n igh t. Nocte intempesta nostram d evenit domum. Liv. Rep entenocte intempestaservorum armatorum fit concursus . Cic .
620. Concubina . Pellez' . Meretri z .
- CONCUB INA , ( f rom cum and cubare ) a concubine , a kept mistresswho lives with a man either married or unma rried . In concubinze Io
cum d uceretur . Cic.— FELLEX (f rom pellicere ) denotes almost
a lways a woman who withd raws th e afi ction of a husband f rom hi swife. Pellex has a ref erence to the inj uredf emale, not to the man withwho mthepallex is connected Filiamatris pellex , tib i j ucundior atqueobsequentior , quam parenti par est. Sall. I t is sometimes, but veryseldom, used in ref erence to an inj ured husba nd. Mate r filiae pallex ,
Cic., A mother tha t seduces her own daughter from her pfl'
ectionf orh er husband. Regina: pellex , Suet. , W ho has seduced the queenMs nnr mx, a common prostitute, a whore, a courtez an . Stat meretrixcerto cuivis mercabilis auro . Ovid .
621 . Concurrere. Concursare.
Coxcunnea e , (currare cum) to run together. Concurrit ad memax ima multi tude . Cic. Figuratively: ConcurruntmultaeOp iniones.
Cosm fl
147
Cic. Tot concurrun t ver isimil ia, Te r ., So many th ings authoriz e thesuspiéien. Co ncurrunt nomina , Cic., As much
' is due to me as I owe.
(f requenta tive of concur rer e ) to run up and down ,hi ther and th ither . Qui armat i noctes diesque concursabant. C lC.
,Concursabant barbatuli j uvenes. Id .
622 . Cancursus . Concursio . Concursatio.
CONCURSUS , a concourse of p eople . C oncursus est ad -
cum factus.C ic. Figura tively Litterarum asp er concursus. Cic. Calamitatum
concursus . Td .—CONCURS IO , a meeting togeth er, a beat ing one aga inst .
another . Fmtuita atomorum concur sio . Cic. \ V ocal ium'
concur sio .
Id — CONOURSAT IO , (f requenta tive of concursio ) a r unning (f peo
p le togethe r up and down, h ither and th ither . Qu id pueror um is ta con
cursatio Cic. Figuratively Per turbationum concur sat io . Cic.
S omn i o rum concursatio . Id . Exagitataementis concursatio , Sen .,
The conf usion if an ag itated mind .
623. Concuter e. Discut ere. Exceetere.
CONCUTERE, (quatere cum) to shake, to j og . Cancutit arces ball ista . Ovid . Et acres concussit equ os . Virg. Figuratively Te ipsumconcute , H or . , Examine yourself. Fce cund um concute pectus , Virg .,
Call togeth er all your abili ties . Quae totam luctu fund itus urbemconcussit , Id ., This eventfi lled the town with cansterna tion .
— D I SCU
TERE, (diversim quatere ) to ag itate or shake in divers parts . D iscub
tere lateritiummurum. Czes . Figuratively .
" Caligo di scussa est.Liv.
Pe riculum discutere , Cic., To escape danger. Cap tiones discutere,I d To unravel captions subtleties .
— EXCUTERE, (quatere ex ) to
sha ke of Illum excussit equus. Liv. Et excuti juberent pall ium.
Pha d . Fi ratively Hanc excutere op inionem mih imet voluiradicitus . ic. Exente intelligentiam tuam, utvideas, Id ., Rouse»
your senses, that you may see.
624 . Conditi o. Condimentam.
COND IT I O , ( f rom cond i re) a season ing , the way of mak ing it.Compositiones unguentorum, cibo rum cond itiones . Cic .
— COND IMENTUM , the sea soning itself. Coquos equid em minus d emiro r , quitot utuntur cond iment is . Plaut . Figuratively Sap i ent ia aetas con
d imentum est, sap i ens aetati cibus es t. Plaut. Cond imentum amimtia suavitas morum et sermonum. Cic . Condimento h umanitatis miti re sever itatem. Id . Cib i cond imentam est fames , p otionissitis . I
625. Conditio . Status.
COND IT I O , (f rom cond ere ) condi tion, relates particularly to therank we hold in the divers classes of a sta te.— STA '
r Us , sta te, is bettersaid Qf our trade or pr cf ession . Conditi o atque for tuna infimi gener is.
O10 . Contraper iculosissimas h 0minum p oten ties cond itioni omn iumcrvium p rovid ere. Id . Conditi o
'
regia. Id . Me d e vitaemete statu
lacrymis suis d eduxerunt. Id . Conditi o omniumn ostrum, locus quoquisque natus est h unc vitae statum usque ad senectutem obtiI
l
l
gre. Id . De statu nostras dignitatis n ob is non est reced endumi
148
COND I TIONEM o r es ane , to afi'
er a,condition. Illis conditionem
pacis obtulit, si id facere vellent . Cic.— COND IT IONEM PROPONERE,
to p oint out a condition. H anc cond itionem supplicii maj ores in bellotimiditati militis pr0positam esse voluerunt. CiCF —COND I TIONEMmeans , to impose as a condition. Hanc cond itionemmisero ferunt,ut optet utrummalit. Cic. Conditionem ofi
'
erimus non petenti ; pro
ponimus inferi ori ; victo fer imus. G. D .
627. Conf er tim. Conglobatim.
CONFERT IM, (fromcum and farci re ) ctose, in a crowd. Quo
acrius et confertimmagis utrinque pugnabatur . Liv.— CONGLOBAT I M, (from cum and
Iglobus ) in lumps, in a round lump . C ongloba
tim pugnam ineunt. xv.
628 . Conf ertus. Refer tus . Difi‘
er tns. Plenas . Repletas.
CONFERTUS, (cum farci re ) crammed in, stufl'
ed up . Confertuscibo . Cic. Figuratively V ita confe rta voluptatum omn iumvari etate . Cic. Turba conferta iter clausit . Liv. Ut nunquam conferti ,sed rari magnisque intervallis prmliarentur . Czes.
—REFERTUS , (from.
re and farcire ) rep len ished, full. Insula Delos referta d ivitiis . Cic.
JErar ium refertum. Id . Refer tus p lenum sign ificat, Confertusvert‘
s
d ensum.— D I FFERTUS , (d iversim farci re )fi lled up on all s id es. Ind é
fo rum App i i d iffer tum nautis , cauponibus atque malign is. H or .
C onfertum and refertum would not be so p roper . However, Tacitussays, Od or ibus d ifl
'
ertum co rpus conditur , The body is buried afl er
.h aving been embalmed.— PLENUS ,f ull . Cadus a summo plenus.
Plaut. Figurat ively G rave et p lenum carmen . Cic. Plenus mgenii.-Id . Plenior vox , Id Fullvoice. Wha t is f ull cannot conta in anymore.— REPLETUS ,fi lled. Referto foro repletisque omn ibus templis .
C ic . Plenus particularly relates to the capaciousness of thevessel and
r epletus to the quantity wh ich can be received with in that capaciousness.
629. Confi cere. Patrare. Perpetrare.
CONFICERE, to fi n ish , tomake an end of . Bellum conficere. Cic.
Cursus annuos sol conficit. Id .— PATRAK E, (f rom pater ) to per
f orm, to (fleet, to execute. Incoepta patrare. Sal. Facinus pattare .C ic. Decreta patt are . Id .
— PERPETRARE, to go through wi th , toachieve. Perpetratis omnibus quae ad pacem d ivfim p ert inent. Liv.
630. Confi ngere. Efiinger e.
CONFINGERE, (fingere cum) to form, to make together. Ap es favoslconfingunt et ceras . in. Figura tively To invent, toforge, tof eign
Confinxerunt d olum.Plaut . Confingunt d e industriah unc rumorem.
Cic.— EFFI NGERE, (fingere é ) to represent after an or ig inal . Effin
gere casus in auro . Virg. Figuratively Tullius eflinx it vim De
mosth enis. Quint. Formas etmores, et plerosque status et mo tusefiingunt aparentibus liberi . Cic.
631 . Confi rmare. Corroborare.
CONF I RMARE, (f romfirmus ) synonymous with corrob orare , to
strengthen, tof ortify ; and CORROBORARE, ( f rom robur ) to corr obo
Comcm.If
150
confugisset, h ostilismenus interemit . Cic. Ad te confugimus , a teOpem-
petimus . Id . Figura tively Confug it ad stultitiam, a dolesceutiam, vim, persuasionem. Cic .
— PERFUGERE, properly to flyaway
its p roper s nification is , tofly into a place of safety . Jam arquiuii
ad Lartem orsenam perfugerant . Liv. H ic locus est unus , qut‘
)
perfugiant h ic p o rtus, ha c arx , h a c ara sociorum. Cic..
636 . Confi t nder e. Miscere. Turba re. Perturba re .
CONFONDERE, (fund ere cum) pr operly tof low ar poa r out together.Arethusa S iculis confund itur un d is . V i rg . Figur a tivel Confun
dere sermones in unum, Liv., To talk a ll a t once. Conilmdere verafalsis. Cic. Vultus confusus, Ovid ., A look Qffr igh t and dismayMi scenn, to misc, to mingle. Qui alter i miscet mulsum ipse non si
t i ens. Cic. Figuratively {I‘
otam quia vitam miscet d olor et gau
dium. Pha d . Procax l ibe rtas miscuit civitatem. Id .— TURBARE,
(f rom turba) to trouble, to disturb, to embro il. Eversa turbant convivia mensa . Ovi d . Z ephyr o turbantur arena . Virg. Figura tivelyTurbare pacem. Liv. Omn ia infima summis paria fec i t, turbavit,miscuit . C ic.
— Penm an “ , to turn topsy - turvy , to th row into confus ion, both in the pr oper andfi ra tive sense . Perturbata et confuse.onusti cib o etvino cern imus .
‘
ic. Sed itionibus per turbata civitas .
Id . De Reipublica salute magis quam de sua pe rturbat i . Id . Si
aquam et oleum confuder is, vix ea n isi turbata et agitata miscer i
possunt. G. D .
637. Conf uta re . Rd utare. Refi llere.
CONFUTARE, ( from cum and the old verb futare, f requentative iffundere, wh ich signifi ed to pour often, or drop bydrop , cold water intobo il ing wa ter ; whence thevessel usedfor that purposewas called futum) .Coquus ub i ah enum fervit, paullaconfutat true. Nonn . Confutare
generally signifies to calm, to convince in reasoning . Confutavi verb isadmodum iratum patraw . Ter . Dolores max imos alicuj us rei te
oordatione confutare . Cic. Audaciam confutare . Id .— REFUTARE
expr essesmore , and s ignifies to r epel, to rep ress, to ref ute. Refutar e '
b ello . Liv. Refutare conatum alicuj us . Id . Refutare tes tes, Cic.,
To refuse witnesses . Refutatio orationis d icitur in quaest d epulsio
crimin is confutatio est locorum contrar iorum d issolutio . Id .— RE
FELLERE, f rom re, a n adversa tive or recipr ocal pa rticle, and fallere )to contrad ict oth er peop le
'
s sentiments, to prove them fa lse . Cfim tu
h'
orum n ih il refelles ,vincam scilicet . Cic. Refellere sine pertinacia,et refelli s ine iracund ia, parat i sumus. Id f igura tively : Eorumvi tfi refell itur orati o , Id .
, Their way of l iving contrad icts theirspeeches. Although these th ree words may be promiscuously used, thedifference of thei r mean ings is po inted out in the f ollow ing examp le .I ratum confutare , moderati h ominis est ; incur rentem refutare aut
gr
ipugnantem, fortis et animosi d olo ant e rro re vana fingentem
’
re
ere, prudentis et acuti . G. D.
638 . Congiar ium. Dona tivum.
CONG IARIUM, r om cong ius , a Roman measure) a largess givento the people. Mu titud inem imperitam congiar ins leni re . Cic.
DONAT IV UM, (f rom donum) a largess to soldiers . Congiari o donabatur populus , sic donativo milites donaban tur . Sen . Additum
151
nomine Neronis d onativummiliti, congiarium pleb i: Tac .
‘
Congiariam consisted in corn, wine, oil, vegetables , &c. I t i s a lso said (If the
p resent of a pr ince to a pr ivateman . Planons magn o congiario donatus a Ca sare . Cic.
639 . Cong lobare. Glomera re.
CONGLOBA RE, (f rom cum and globus ) to gath er into a ball.
T erra undique in se nutibus suis conglobata. Cic Conglobatur
und ique mare . Id . Figura tively : Definitiones conglobata , Cic., Ac
cumulated t’
efini tions. Ubi nunquam co h globar i h ostes compertumest , Tac ., As they perceived the enemy were nowh ere ra llying . GLO
MEBARE, (f rom glomus ) to wind upon a bottom in th ef or rn of a ba ll .Lanam glomerabat in orbes . Ovid . Figurat ively Glomerata clades .
‘
C ic. Ventus incendia glomerat , Virg ., The wind ra ises a terr ibleconflagr ation. Jam legi ones in testud inem glomerabantur . Tac.
640 . Congr essio . Congr essus .
CONGRES S IO , (grad ior cum) the act of coming together or meeting ,
w ith one. H is de cansis h oc malum, quo d te non vid i,minus acerbum fuit, quam fuisset tum congressio, tum vero d igressio n ostra.
Cic.— CONGRESSUS , the coming together or rneetzng i tself . Aut scri
b’
am ad te alias , nut in congressum n ostrum r eservabo . Cic. It is
al so sa id of a confl ict, of afigh t. Multi in eo congressu p er ierunt.
Sal. Tres uno congressu neci mittit. Virg . Adolescentes ab imp rob o rum congressione p roh ibent magistr i, ne corum congressu cor
rumpantur . G. D .
641 . Conj ugare. Copula re . Conj anger e. Colliga re. Connectere. Con
str ingere .
CONJUGARE, (from cum and jugum) to yoke or couple together .
C onj ugare b oves . Col. Figuratively : Jucund issima amicitia est,
quam similitud o morum conj ugavit. C ic Conj ugata verba, Id .,
bl/br ds derivedf rom the some orig i n, as sap iens , sap i entia, sap ienter .
COPULARE , ( f rom copula ) to couple, toj oin together . COpulare uno
vincul o . Liv Copulant h ominem cum bellua. C ic. FigurativelyC opulare concord iam, Cic To cement concord H onestatem cum
voluptate copulare . Id . CONJUN GERE, (j ungere cum) toJam together. Calamos cera conj ungere. Virg . Figura tively . Summa mis eria summo ded ecore conj uncta . C1c.
- C0 LLI GA RE ( ligare cum)to tie together . I , lictor , colliga manus . Cic. Figuratively : Colli
gare uno libro omn ia. Cic. Verb is sententias colligare. Id .— CON
N ECTERE, (nectere cum) to connect, to l ink . N od i connexi. Ovid .
Figura tively Amicitia cum volup tate connectitur . Cic.— CON
S TR INGERE , (stringere cum ) to bindj ust, to tie t igh tly together . Qua
dissipata sunt aut divulse constringer e. Cic. Figura tively . Ut sevi rtut i t radat ad constringendamvo luptatem. Cic. Constringi necessitate. Id .
— Paria.
conj ugamus, ut similiter moveantur , agant etsentiant
, convenient ia copulamus, ut se mutuo j uvent ; conj ungi
mus separate, ut una cons istant ; p ropiora counectimus, ne so lutad ivage
u
ntur simul p osita co lligamus , uut fi rmiter constant ; conj unctaconstr i ngimus, ne d ivellantur . G . D
64—2. Conj uncté. Conj unct‘
zm.
CONJUNCTE, j o intly . Conj unctissimé versati samus . Cic. Con
152
j unctissimé cum aliquo vivere . Id .— CONJUNCT IM, together it is
opposed to separati‘
m. Huj us omnis pecunia: conj unctim ratio 11 11betur, fructusque servantur . Cass.
643. Conj uratio . Consp iratici. Coitio.
CONJURAT IO , (‘
urare cum) a confederacy, a compact. Conj uratio
qua j urejurand o tirmatur . Sals Conj urat1o nobilitatis, Caes ., It is
g enerally understood in a bad sense N efanda in omne facinus ac li
bid inem conj uratio . L1v CON SPIRAT IO , (Spi rare cum) consp iracy ,un ion, generally taken in a good sense. Conspu
'
atio omn ium o rd inumad d efendendam Rempublicam. Cic. C icero has however sa id : SceIeratissima conspiratio . Figuratively ConSPiratio virtutum. Cic.
— Cou ‘
1 0 , (ire cum) an interview. Senex adest, vide quid agasp rima coitio est acerrima. Ter. It is generally takenf or a plot, a cabal, an assembl ing Qf men together f or some secret cr ime. Dubitatis
quin co itio facta sit, cum, &c . Cic. Quod aud isti in cand idatorumconsularium coitione me interfuisse, falsum est . Id . Cum per coit iones potentiorum h ominumi nj uria fieret . Liv.
644 . Conj ux. Sponsus.
CONJUX, (j ungere cum) properly s ignifies married : vir is unders tood for the husband , and ux or for the wif e. Qu is te casus dej ectamconj uge tanto excipit V irg . Egregia conjux . Cic. Cicero appliesconjux to thewife.— SPON SUS , (f rom spondere ) onewho has promisedmarri age to a woman in a public and solemnmanner : vir or ad olescensis understood ; as V i r
gie in Sp onsa . Cogn ito sup e r h umeros paluda
mento sponsi. Liv. 1‘
1cvenist i sp onsam p rterep tummeam. Plaut.
64-5. Conniti. Eniti.
CONN IT I , to try to the utmost. Toto co rp ore connixus .
Connixus omn ibus copiis Ancus aciem p rimamvicit. Liv.h as used conniti to express the bring ing fo r th of twins . Nam ue gemellos , spem gregis, ah ! s ilice in nud é connixa reliquit. NIT I
,
tomahe pa inful efl'
or ts . S ic vel im enitare quas i in eo sint omn ia .
C 1c. Quantumviribus emit i p otero . It a lso signifiesto ascend withefi
'
or t. Aggerem and in aggerem eniti. Tac. I t means,bes ides, to
be brought-to- bed . Plures partus cuixa. Liv.
616 Connubium. Conj ug ium. Matrimon ium. Nuptice .
CONNUB IUM , (nubere cum) an a ll iance bymarriage . Connub ia
p atrum et plebis. Liv. S equuntur connubia et aflinitates. Cic.Q ONJUG IUM , (j ungere cum) ma rr iage, the conj ug
al union . Conj ugiay 1rorumet uxorum. Cic. I t is sa id of an imals . baapé sine ullis conJug11s
.
vento gravid te , Virg ., speak ing q a f es .— MATR IMON IUM,
(niams munus) wedlock , matr imony . Matr imonu j us cas tum ccle
g 1t1mum. C ic.— NUPTUE, the wedding , thema rriage solemn ities . Cm
nare apud aliquem in nuptiis. Cic. Nu tite non matrimoni i d i itate
ased sceleris s oci etate conj unctte . d . Matrimonia “
copuisntnup t1arumsolemnibus. Arnob .
— Nup tiw suntmatr imon i i celeb ratio ,quaaiegitimuin esse conj ugium testificatur ; connub ium ve to j usleg1t1m1 matnmonii. G . D .
Comm
ing of auguries . Locum inaugurat i Liv. Cur non inaugurare ?Sume diem : vide qui te inauguret. Cic.
651 . Consigna r e. Obsigna r e.
CON S I GNARE, saygrammarians , s igno impresso occludere ; OBS IGNARE, testificand i
‘
grat1a s ignum imp rimere consignantur lit
te rm, p ecun ia, quad 1n sacculo ligne o trajecto , signisque cermim
p ressis o lim d epo nebatur . obsignari i tem litteraa, testamenta, cumt estium subscr iptione et annulis signator iis firmabantur . Has ta
bulas obs ignates , consignatas quas fem, Plant. The above two wordshave been p romiscuously used. Lagenas etiam inanes obsignabat, ne
dicerentur inanes al iquee. Cic . Tabulae signis h 0minum nobiliumconsignantur . Id . Consignare moreover signifies , to reg ister and r e
cord . I isd em litter is illins p rzetura, et tua quzestura consignataa
sunt . Cic. Hanc commend ationem, quam h is litteris consignare
volui , scito omn ium esse gratissimam Id . Figuratively : Cons ig onatae in an imis notiones. Cic.
652. Cons il ium. Sententia .
CONS IL IUM , 1 . counsel, a dvice. In consili o cap iend o prudentia,in dando fid es requir itur et religi o . Cic. Ire in consilium, Id . , To
g ather thevotes . design, a p roj ect. C ons il ium est al iquid faciend i , non faciendive excogitata rat i o . C ic. Op t imus est p ortus
p oenitenti, mutatio consil ii . Id — SENTENT 1A , l . A decided op i n ion .
De qu ibus t res vi de o ferri sententias , quarum nullam p robo . Cic.
er tr a j udicia l deliberation and j udgement. Facere non p otn i ,quin t ib i et sententiam, et voluntatem declararemm
‘
eam. Cic. Amicus d at consilium de a nimi sententia . G . D .
653. Consobr inus. Sobr inus.
CONS OBRI NUS , a cousin-
german the ch ild ren of brothers and sisters ar e consob r 1n1. Ne cum Ti to Brocch o avunculo suo , ne cumej us filio consobrino suo vivat. Cic — SOBRINUS , a second- cousin.
S equuntur fratrum conj unctiones, p ost consobr inorum sobr inor um
que. Cic.
654. Consolabilis . Consola tor ius .
CON SOLABI LI S , tha t may be comforted or appeased. Est omninovix consolab ilis dolor : tanta est re i um omnium amissio , et desp erati o recuperand i. Cic.
_ CON SOLATOR IUS , consola tory , tha t com
f orts . A Caesare l1tteras accepi consolator ias de urb e augenda. Cic.
655. Cons ola r i . Sola r i .
These two words seem a like it is hozvever to be observed tha t SO~
LAB! is ra th er used in poetry , and CON SOLAR I tn prose . Dictis solatur amicis . Virg. Figura tively . Famemmetumque s olari. Virg.
Longum cantu solata lab o rem Id . Consolari afflictos . Cic. Consci enti a Opt imte mentis se consolari . Id . Figur a twely . Brevitatemvitae p oster itatis memoria consolatur . Cic. Ovid has sa id consolantia verba.
656 . Consola tio . Sola tium. Solamen .
CON SOLAT IO , the act of consoling , the mot ive made use (Jfor tha tpurpose. Levat d olorem consolatio . Cic. I t is also ta ken pass ively .
155
Magma est consolatio, cum recordare te recte’ veré ue sensisse.
C ic.— SOLAT I UM is the consola tion inwardly f elt. acare culpiir
magnum est solat ium. Cic.— SOLAMEN h as the same mea n ing as so
]atium, and is only employed in poetry . Mali solamen . Virg . Quis
gu is b on os tumuli , quicquid solamen h umand i est largior . Id . H oc
ecns illi , h oc solamen erat . Id .— Cicero scripsit libr um de conso
latione ad Tulliam, ex cuj us lectione non leve solatium r'
epo r tavitTullia. G. D .
657. Consors. Rar ticeps.
CONSORS , from cum and s o rs) a partaker or sharer of the samecondition. Fratres conso rt es mend icitatis . Cic. Quid tib i consort imecum temp or um illorum respondebo Id .
— PART ICEPS, (partem
cap iens ) that participates or shares with . Feci omnes part icipesmete volup tatis. Cic. Conj urationis part iceps. Id —Preed ae par
t
c
if ipes esse non debent, qui per iculorum consortes non fuerunt.
D.
658 . Consp icer e. Circumsp icer e.
CON SPICERE, (f rom cum and the obsolete word Sp icere ) to take aview of several things together, to look j orwar ds . Cum omn ia dili
gentissimé conspexer it. C ic . Infestis oculis omn ium conspici. Id .
—C I RCUMS PI CERE, to look about. Constitit atque oculis Ph rygiaagmina circumspex it.V irg . Figuratively Nunquamne, h omo amentissime , te circumspicies
P Cic.
659 . Constans . Firmus. Stabilist Solidus. Dur abilis.
CONSTAN S , (stare cum) constant, always the same , (both in the
proper and figurative sense . ) Constantissimus motus lunae . Cic.
Constans et p erpetua vitae rat i o. Id . V ir constans et gravis . Id .
Constantes rumores. Id .— PI RMUS , fi rm. Poplite nond um firmo
constitit. Ov1d . Figuratively Fi rma et p erp etua amicitia . Cic.
A‘
ccusator firmus et verus . Id .— STABILI S , f rom stare ) stea
s table . Terminus stabilis. Cic . Figura tzvely : that does notvary .
Pi rmus et stabilis, et constans amicus . Cic. Stabilis op in i o . Id .
SOL IDUS , solid , that resists the shock of bodies and the inj ur ies qft ime. Solida columna. Cic. Figuratively Solidum gaudium. Cic.
S olidamveramque laud em queerere. Id .- DURAB tL1 s , durable, of
long continuance. Quod caret alterna requi e , durab ile non est .
Ovid.—Eumconstantem arbitror , qui so larati one p otes t a statu suo
aut ap rop osito d imover i, et cujus facta d ictave an teactis usque con
gruunt ; illud firmum est quod aequab ili quod amvigore semp er agitaut consistit ; solidum est cujus partes inte r se fi rmiter coh aerent
absque ul lacont inui solutione. Fzgura tively Durab ile , quod verumet
’
permansurum est ; Stab ile , quod ita constitutum aut collocat
est, ut non facilepossit ever ti. G. D .
660 . Constantia . Firmitas . Firmitudo . Perseverantia .
CONSTANT I A, (stare cum) constancy , an even conduct. N ih il est
quod tam d eceat, quam in omn i re gerenda consil ioque cap iend o
servare constantiam. Cic.— m r a s, fi rmness , s trength Fi rmitas
materim sustinebat ictum. Caes . C orp oris firmitas . Cic. Figurative/yr : that firmness of mind and resolution tha t p revents us f romgiving up our pursu its, ayd f rom being deterr ed by any aggression
156
whatever. Sapientis firmitas . Cic. An imi firmitas. Id — Fn I
T UDO denotes an habitual and permanent fi rmness ; and fi rmitas, a
fi rmness actually existing , without any rela tion to duration. Fi rmitudo gravitasque animi . Cic. Firmitud o voeis . Id .
-Pea sxv1:RANT IA , p erseverance. Perseverantia est in re bené cons ide rata stab iliset p erp etua permansio. Cic.
— Inter dub i os et temeré agentes . eminet viri sap 1entis constantia ; inte r factiosos et obluctantes plurimumvalet animi firmitas ; multos commendavit in incmpto laudab il i perseverantia. G. D.
66 1 . Consternare. Consternere.
CONSTERNARE, to afi’
r ight, to dismay . Consternara ammos.
Pavida et consternata mul titud o . Id . In fugam consternar i , Id . ,
To be routed or put in di sorder .— CON STERNERE, to strew, to cover allover loosely . Consternunt torram concuss o stip ite frondes. Virg.
Forum corpor ibus civium Romanorum constratum. Cic. Cnere contabulationem lap id ibus lutoque. Cass . Consternere teri amc orp ore, Cic., To p rostrate one
'
s self .
662. Constitutum. Constituto . Constitutio.
CONST ITUTUM, (tempus understood) a certa in time agreed uponbetween parties f or the tr ia l of o sa it at law . Ad constitutumven ire. Cic. Figuratively S i quod constitutum h abes cum podagra,fac in al ium diem d ifi
'
eras . Cic.— CON ST I TUTA , statutes , decrees, or
d inances . Constituta et acta alicuj us tollere . Cic.— CONST ITUTI O ,
the establishing (J a th ing , institution, constitution. Cons titutio t eligionum. Cic. Fi rma constitutio co rp oris. Id .
663. Consuetua'
o. Mos . Mores . Usus.
CONSUETUDO, (suescere cum) ac uaintance. habitual intimacy .
In consuetud inem alicuj us ven ire . &ic. To keep company with .
C onsuetudo naturae vim obtinet, quas i altera natura. Id . Famil iari tas quo tidianaconsuetudine angetur . Id .
— Mo s , f ash i on , custom.
S ed quia mos est ita faci endi . Cic. Meo more . Id . Varium coelip raed iscere morem. Virg. In morem fluminis , Id ., As a river gener ally does . Mos and consuetudo admit of another sense. Cousuetudo , according to grammarians, j us quoddam non scrip tum, tacitop opuli consensu et voluntate utentium introductum ; Mos est ipseactus et usus inveteratus, ex quo consue tudo induci solet. Contramorem consuetud inemque civilem. C ic. Non mos consuetudoques ervata . Id .
— MORES is generally mora l virtue or vice, manners . La
buntut ad mollitiem mores. Cic. Mo rum doctus imitator. H or . It
is also sa id if the established customs. In patriis est moribus mul tor um causas gratui to defendere . Cic .
— Usus , usage, practice. Ad
j ungatur usus frequens qui omniummagistrorum praecep ta superat .
C ic. I t a lso s ignifies advantage, benefi t. Ex usu meo est, Ter . , It
is f or my advantage. Ali o loco d icemus, si usus fuerit. Cic. t at
is in use amongst the grea ter number of men, consuetudo est whathas been in use f or a long wh ile, mos est .
664. Consulere. Consultare. Consil ia re.
CONSULERE, (f rom cum and sali o ) to consul t, to ask counsel oradvice. Per litteras consulere aliquem. Cic. Jamvos consulo qu1d
158
669 . Contag io . Contag ium. Coiitactus .
CbNTAGIO , ( tangere cum) a commun ica tion . Qua: p o test igiturcontagio ex infini to pené intervallo p e rt inere ad lunam P Cic. So
cietas et contagi o co rp o ri s et animi . Id . I t is sa id if catching dis
orders . t uratively : Latins patet i ll ins sceler is contagi o , quam
quisquam putat. Cic. Contagi o b elli . Id . Ne cujus fact i dictivecontag i one p r tesens vi oler, Liv., Lest being caugh t h ere, I should bethough t an accomplice .
— CONTAGIUM is the same : but it is only usedin poetry . Nee mala
‘
vicini pecor is contagia laed ent. Virg . Riga
ra tively Contagi o lucri . H or .— CONTACTUS , a touching. Con
tactuque omn ia fafd ant immundo . Virg. Infecti quas i valetud ineet contacta . Tac.
670. Contamina re. a uinar e. Polluere,
Co xr am na a e , in its p rop er'
sense is to touch with dirty handsi t i s only used figura tively . Integra contaminat is opponuntur . Cic.
V eritatemmendaci o contaminare . Id . Contaminare se vitiis. Id .
INQUINARE , to defi le, to cover with fi lth , is said (J stinking and ia
j ections matters that stick to the outs ide. Aurum tempus inquinavitacre. H or . Merdi s caput inquiner alb is. Id . Inquinari nolo ignavosangu ine . t ed . Figuratively : Famam alicuj us inquinare . Cic.
POLLUERE, to pollute, to dista in, to cor rupt. Lues impura ludos
p olluit . H or . Jura nefari o scelere polluere . Cic. Polluere consalatum, Sall. , To render the consula te contemptible.
671 . Contendere . Cer tar e. Decer tare.
CONTENDERE , ( tendere cum prop erly to stretch . Con tenderetenacia viuola . Ovid . Conten ere tormenta. Cic.
Contendere vocem. Cic. Contendere Romam. Sal .
stood . ) Contendere al iqui d cum re aliqua, Id .
, To compa re one thingwith anoth er . Contendere , synonymous with the others, sign ifies tos truggle aga inst oth ers f or a th ing , to endeavour to get it, to contestwith . Contendunt inte r severb is , non pugn is. Cic. Civil iter contendere . Id . Jargi o contendere . Id .
— CERTARE, tofight, both in theprop er andfigurative sense. Certare armis. Liv. Bened ictis si cer
tasset , aud isset b ene. Ter . Certaremaled ictis. Id . Certare mulctam, Liv., To contest before a j udge about a fi ne. Certare inter Sej ut e, Cic. Foro , H or ., To go to law one wi th anoth er, to sue oneanother .— DECERTARE, to contend about, to fi ght for , both ,
in the
p rop er and figurative sense. Decer tare manu . Cic . Demosth eneset E sch ines inter se d ecertare soliti sunt . Id .
‘
672. Contentiosus . Litigiosus .
CONT ENT IOSUS , (f rom contendere , ) vehement , contentious, stubborn . Orat i o d e qui loquor , pugnax et contentiosa es t. Plin. j un.
Avid issimammor iend i cupid itatem contentiosa mend icita te fall ebam. Quint .
— L1 'r 1c i o sus , (f rom lis and agere ) l it igious , fond oflaw, and likewise a th ing in dispute. Quid h uic tam loquaciter l it ig ioso responderet il le non h abebat . Cic. Ager li tigiosus , Id ., Afi eld about wh ich there is a dispute.
Comm
mlts l‘flfl fl
673. Contestatio .
‘
Contentio . D isputatio. C oncer tatio.
CONTESTAT I O , from cum and testis ) entreaty , strong sol icitation.
Petivit a me max ima contestatione, ut &c. Cic. Good authorsnever use it in the sensexof contesta tion and quarrel . —CON TEN T IO ,
( tendere cum) an gfior t . V eh ementissima contentio an imi , ingen i i ,vir ium. Cic . It is sa id of a contesta tion, dispute, &c. Contentio
d isceptationibus tribuatur j udiciorum. C ic . It a lso s igu i es a com
pa rison o; p utting of th ings together. Sed si contentio qua d am et com
parati o fiat . C ic.— DI SPUTAT IO , d 1versun putare ) a disputa tion or
del ate on a p a rticula r matter , between two persons if a d ifierentop in ion. D isputationem d e re al iqua instituere. Cic.
—CONCER
TA T IO , (cer tare cum) contention, ch icanery . Nunquamvid i iniquiusconcer tationem comparatam, Ter .
, 1 never saw a more unequal cantest. D isputationes p lenae concer tationum. Cic. Disputandi prud entiam imi tatur concertatio . Id .
674. Contiguas . Vi cinus. V icinalis . Confi nis. H uiti rnus. ,
CON T IGUUS , from cum and tangere ) contiguous , adj oining . Con
t iguas h abué re d omos . Ovi d— V IC iNus , (f romvicus ) a neighbour .
Vicin i h omines C ic. V icinw aedes Id . Two houses may bevicinae,wi thout being contiguae. Figura tively . Mala sunt vicina bon is .
Ovid . Latona ad p zu iend um vicina. Cic .— V 1 C I NAL1 5, of or be
long ing to neighbours or the neighbourhood . Lintres ad vicinalemusum parataa. Liv. V icinalibus b ellis ass iduevexati . Just. —CONF I NI S , (f rom cum and finis ) next to, bordering. Quae gens confinisCappad ociae est . C . Nep . Confinis age l , Cic . Al fi eld sepa ratedf ro manother by the same l imits.
—F1N 1 T 1MUS , (f rom finis ) bor der ingupon , adj acen t to . Finitimaz civitates. Liv. Figuratively : Pert inacia perseverantiae .fi n itima est . Cic. Two fields sepa ra ted by the
same limits ar e confines ; if they are on the confi nes of a country , th eya r e finit imi .
675. Continuatio . Continuitas.
CONT INUAT IO , (cum teno re ) continuation , the action bywh ich ath ing is continued, and its dura twn. Quasi fatalis et immutabiliscontinuatio 0 1 dinis semp itern i . Cic. Continuatio et seri es rerum.
Id . Con tinuatio imb rium. O& S.— CONT I NU I TA S , the continuity or
j o ining without inter rupt ion of the pa rts, or whole leng th of a thingit is sa id of extensl on . C ollum et juba continuitate sp inae porrigitur . Plin .
676 . Continuo. S tatim. Conf estim. Actutitm. Ilicet. Illiei) . Protinits .
Repenté. Derepente. Subito. Ez temptb. Opp ido.
CONT I NUO , (cum tenore ) without any interval . Haud mora,continuo perfectis sangu inevotis, &c. V i r
g— STAT IM , (f romstare )ec reced it d e loco , qu in
festinatione ) quickly,w— ACTUTUM (f romostium. Plaut.— ILI
maydepart when youdria, ilicet ; qui d h ic
160
conterirnus Operam frustrz‘
z Ter. It enerallz/signifies atfi rst, immediately . Ilicet obruimur numero . €7irg - ILL ICO , ( in loco in
tha t very p lace. Otiosenunc j am illicc‘
) h ic consiste . Ter. t is
sa id of t ime ; presently. S imul atque increpuit suspicio tumultus,artes illicc
‘
) nostrze conticescunt. Cic.— Pno rmus , (po rt é tend s )
a t thefi rst, instantly , without delay . Rog o te ut Homam p rotinus
pergas . Cic.— REPENTE . ( from rep ere ) a ll on a sudd en it is op
p osed to sensim. Amicitiammag is d ecet sensim dissuet e , quam t e
penté p re c idere . Cic.— DEREPENTE ra ises a bove the idea if repenté .
S i cum h oc domi faceremus , tu derep ente erupisses, &c . C ic .
S UB ITO, ( ire sub ) quickly it expresses less surprise than repenté .
Mih i scriptum est te in febrim sub itt‘
) incidiss e . Cic.— EXTEMPLO
orig inally rela ted to auguries : but custom has given to it the signi n
t ion qf immediately . Extemplé convocato concil i o . Liv.— O 1>P1Do ,according to Festus and Dona tus , had the f ollowing or ig in. Anciently ,when somebody was asked, whether he had got a good harvest, he usedto answer, when such was the case, tha t he had got corn enough top r ovid e a whole town, quantumvel oppid c
‘
) sat is esset, to s ignifythathis ha rvest had been very plentiful. Oppid t
‘
) s ignifies, very'
much .
Mimus oppidc‘
) r id iculus . Cic. Praeterquam opp ido pauci, Id ., Ex
cept very f ew people . It also s ignifies , immedia tely . Perdid i Op e ramfabrorum illicd , oppid d ven it ignavia. Plaut. Omne argentum op
p id d red d id i, Id . , may sign ify, I did immedia tely return themoney, or
1 d id return themoney to the last f arth ing.
677. Contra. E contrario . Con trar iE.
CONTRA , (an adverb) on the contra ry . Non is sum qui ob treetem libenter , sed contraqui laud em omn ia. Cic. Si h aec contraacd ico essent omn ia . Id . Illi contrab eati . Id . Contra, ( a prep osit ion ) s ignifies opp os ite or over aga inst, aga ins t. Italiam contra, Virg.,
Opposite to, or over aga inst, I ta ly . Aspice contra. me, Plaut ., Look.a t me. Contraoflicium. Cic . Contraspew . Id . H inc r es contrame est, Id .
, This is aga instme, weakens my cause . E contra is badLat in . E cox
'
r namo is the proper expression. E contrari o tib i sumamicus. Cic.
— CONTRARIE, contrari ly ,in a contrary manner. Con
trar ié scriptum aut amb igue. Cic. Ali o se eéd em de re contrariéscrip to defendere . Id .
678 . Controvers ia . Disceptatio. Alter catio. Rit a . Lis . Jurgium.
CONTROVERS IA , (vertere contra) va r iance, dispute, contest. Controversia mih i cum i110 est re i famih ar is. Cic. Est inte r aucto resde numero annorum controversia. Id — s oap
'
r a n o , (f rom 67;and axénr oua t, to weigh ) examination, discuss ion . Disceptatio et
cognitio veritatis. Cic. J 13 d iscep tatio . Id .— ALTERCAT IO, from
alter ) a lterca tion, contesta tion between two or more persons. d is
ceptatione altercationem fecerunt . Liv. Altercantur inter se mulie rum ritu. Id .
— RI XA , a qua rrel.‘ Consulum intercursu rixa se
data est . Liv. —Ll s , a p rocess or action a t law .— JURG IUM, a con
testa tion between f riends . Jurgare lex putat inter se vicinos , non
litigar i . Cic. S i j urgant, benevolorum concer tatio , non lis inimico rum, j urgium d icitur. Id . Cilm h od ié litibus et j urgiis super sed e ri aaquum sit. Liv.
Comm
consentaneous, conformable. Mors consentaneavita sanctissimé acta .
t . Consentaneum cum iis litter is . Id .
684. Conver tere. Inver tere.CONVERTERS , (ve rtere cum) to turn with , together . Convertere
o n at oculos in aliquem. Cic. Figuratively Se to tum ad ot ium pac emque convertere. Cic. Convertere Grazca in Latinum. Id . Con
vertere Spem in fidem alicuj us . Id . In admirationem .omnes con
verte re . Liv.— INVERTERE, (verte re in ) to turn ins id e out, to turn upside down. Gampum fractis gleb is invertere. Virg. Cum annulumad palmam converteret, anull ovidebatur ; ipse autem omniavidebat ; idemque rursusvidebatur , cum in l ocum annulum inverteret.Cic. Figura tively N egotium invertere, Cic.
, To invert or changean afl
'
air , to g ive it a difi‘
erent turn . Nos vir tutes ipsas invertimus,H or., IVe
give a bad turn to theveryvi rtues and good qualities of our
fi iends. rd inem invertere, Id ., To put th ings out of order, in confiision. Viato r, o rtapluvia, inversa t ogaambulare solet ; aut iter add owum p roximam convertit . G. D.
685. Convincere. Revincer e.
CONV I NCERE, to convict, to p rove, by j ud icia l and suflicient p roofs,a man to be gu ilty of the charge la id aga inst him. Que me teste con
vinces, si negem an ch irograph o Cic. Testimoniis convinci . Id .
C onvinci t rati o ipsa etveri tas. Id .-REV 1NCERE, to conquer in turn.
V i res revictae. Lucret . Figuratively : To confute , to put to a non
p lus. Revincere crimen aut verb is aut rebus. Liv. Quaere argu.
menta, si p otes : nunquam enim h ic neque suo, neque amicorumjud ici o revincetur . Cic.
686 . Convincere. Persuadere.
CONV I NCERE, (synonymous with(per
sua
dere, ) to prove man
C onvincere facta alicuj us turp ia. ic. Convincere e rrores.
PERSUAD ERE, to persuade, to induce one tofollow advice. Suas i tib i ,sed p ersuadere non p otni. Cic. H oc mih i non solum confirmavit,sed et iam persuasit. Id . Persuadere is an acquiescence f ounded on
proofisapt to determine bymoving the heart. Convincere does not ex
d el ly correspond with what we call To car ry conviction .
687. Conviva . Convictor . Convivator .
CONV IVA , (vivere cum) he or she tha t is invited to one’
s table, a
guest. H ilares ac bené accept1 conv1vae. C ic.— CONV ICTOR , a mess
mate, a f ellow - boa rde r. Me convictore usus am1coque apuero est .H or . Famil iares et quotidiani convictores . Cic.
— CON V 1 VAT0 R , an
enterta iner , a f easter. Est autem res s1m1ll1ma emamChalcidensi,sciti convivatoris , apud quem comiter accepti, &c. Liv.
688. Convivere. Convivari .CONV IVERE, (vivere cum) to eat and drink together. Convivere
cum ad olescentibus . Quint. Misisti ad navim Sosiam, ut h od ié te
cum conviveret. Plaut .— Convw am, tof east, to banquet together.
Quot idie solitum ess e non solum in publico , sed et‘iam de p ublico
(at the public cha rge ) convivari. Cic.
Comm h
163
689 . Convivia tempestiva. Convivia intempestiva.
Coxvrvm TEMPEST IVA were enterta inments of a particula r societyon certa in days : they were repasts ty
'
pleasure and diversion . Ego
p ropter d electationem sermonis tempestivis conviviis d elector . C1c.
Quantum tempor is ali i tr ibuunt tempestivis conviviis, &c . Id .
INTEMPEST IVA couvrvm were repasts protracted to a very la te hourof the n igh t. Intemp estivi convivii, ammni loci , multarum deliciarum comes est extrema saltatio . Cic. Some p eop le bel ieve that convivia tempestiva were suppers which began sooner than the usua l time.
690. Convivium. Epulurn . Epulce .
CONv1v1UM, (vivere cum) af east, a repast of several people together . BeneMaj ores accubationem epularum amicorum, quiavitaconj unctionem h ab eret , convivium nominarunt . Cic .
— EPULUM, a
solemn banquet g iven to the peop le on account of publ ic r cy’
oicings, or ofa relig ious ceremony. Is cum epulum p opul o Roman o daret . Cic.
Epulum funeb re , Id Af uneralf east — EPUL2E, a banquet, an entertainment. Regum epulaa. H or . I ta en im illud epulum est funebre ,u t munus sit funer is , epulae: quidem ipsa d ignitatis. C ic. I t is sa idthef ood itself: Mensae conquisitissimis epulis extruebantur . Cic.
Figuratively Mens saturata bonarum COgitationum epul is. Cic.
Avidum h ominem ad h as discendi epulas recep i. Cic.
69 1 . Coquere. Torr ere.
COQUERE, to cook or dressvictua ls. Coquere coenam. Plaut. Co
quere lateres , Gatul ., To bake br icks . Coquere rastra, Juv., To
forge rakes. Coquere cibum, Cic. , To digest or concoct in the stomach .
G lebas coquat solibus aestas , Virg. Figuratively Coquere bellum,
Liv., To mach inate a war . Coquere consilia, Id . , To hatch designs.
Coquit me cura, I am consumed wi th sorrow. Bene coetus et cond i tasse rmo . Cic .
— TORRERE, to toas t, roa st, or broil . Solis ardo ret ort eri . Cic . Tor rer i in taur o Ph alar id is ignibus succensis. Id .
Fruges torret e ign i . Virg. Caro tosta. Ovid Figuratively : Me
atorret face mutua, H or ., I am in love with h im, and he with me.
Artus torrentur febr ibus. Ovid .
692. Cordm. Ante.
-CORAM , in p resence of, by word of mouth . Coram Publi o Casp iotecum locutus sum. Cic. Mih i p r omiserunt coram, et absenti mih iscripserunt . Id .
— ANTE, before : it is sa id of p lace, time, and persons . Ante focum, si fr igus erit. V i rg . Ante lucem. Cic . Causaminteréaante eum d iceret. Id .
693. Cordi mih i est. In an imo mih i est.
ILLUD CORD I M IH I EST, that pleases me very much ; I have nogreater des i re th an to do that. q ue mih i ed magis cordi est, quod,&c. Cic. Forma virgin ibus cord i est. Ovid .
— ILLUD I N AN IMOMIH I EST
, I inte nd, I purpose. Erat mih i in an imo p roficisci . Cic.
In animo est mih i , hyeme exacta, rus rep etere ; id quemih i ed magiscordi est, quod, &c. Id .
694. Cornus. Gornam.
CORNUS , the camel tree . Et b ona bello cornus, Virg. l ecause
j avel ins were made 0/the wood of th i s tree .
— CORNUM, it ofthecornel tree. Autumnalia coma Ovid . Lap idosa corna.
695. Corona . Sertum.
CORONA , a crown, an ornament made oj flower s, boughs (f in es ,or
the like, as a token of honour ,or a s ign of j oy. Vemo fecit de flore
coronam Ovid C orona laurea illi a Senatu decreta. Cic. Cor0 1 .aaurea. Id . Coronas victo r ibus imposuerunt, Id . It is sa id oj a circleof men standing about one
,or s itti ng round in a r ing . Tib i ipsi p ro
te cri t max ima ‘
a corona causa d icend a. Cic. Sub corona vendere ,Cms” To sell [or slaves, as p r isoners of war were, wi th garlands on
thei r h eads or , accord ing to o ther s , (7860 1158 kept wi th a guar d of sol
diers round about them.— SERTA , ( from se rere , sem i , se rtum, to en
twine, to interweave , to j oin , ) garla nds of fl o wers , wreaths , f estoons,crowns (yfl owers . Se rt is redimit i . C ic. Si coronas , serta, unguen taj usserit ancillam ferfe Veneri
‘
aut Cupid ini. Plaut . Textilia serta.
Mart .
696. Corona classica or rostra ta . Cor ona nava lis .
CORONA CLAS S ICA or ROSTRATA was the crown g iven to a cornmanding ofiic
‘
er who ha d gained a grea tvicto a t sea Insign e coronaclassicaa, quo nemo unquam Romanorumgonatus erat, h oc b elloAgrippa singulari vi rtute me ru it . Suet — CORONA NAV ALI S , a
crown formed [the beaks of sh ips, g iven to h imwhofi r
st boarded anme
my'
s ship Temp ora navaJi fulgent r ostrata corona . V1rg.
697 Corona obsid ionalis, va llar is, castre nsis , mura li s, civica.
CORONA OBS ID IONALIS , a crown made of the gra ss that gr ew inthe place besieged and g iven to h im who had caused the siege to bera ised . Secund l
‘
im consulis d onationem legi ones gramineamcor oriam obsid ionalem, clamore donum app robantes , Deci o ponant. Liv.—CORONA VALLARI S or CA S TREN S I S , a crowng iven to himwhofi rst
entered the enemy‘
s works or camp . Vallari ms ignes corona. Liv.MURAL I S CORONA , a crown g iven to himwho fi rst scaled the wallsand entered the town. Ced unt 1 is obsxd 1ona11bus ) murales, valiaresquee coroner . Plin .
— CORONA C IV ICA , a crown g iven to a personthat saved the l if e of a ci tiz en in killing his
.
enernoy, by him who was so
saved. Civica corona appellatur , quam civis civi , a quo se rvetus estin p raalio, testemvi tte salutisque perceptze d at. Gell.
698 . Corpor eus. Corpor alis .
CORPOREUS , tha t has a body , corporeal, ma teria l . Co orénm el:
aspec‘abile, itemque tractab ile Cic. Ignis corporeus. (1 . Deusquod erat corporeum substrax it animo . Id .
— CORPORALI S , of thebody, belong ing to the body . Corporal ia b ona. Ge ll. Seneca hasused co rpo ralis instead of co rporeus . Quod est, aut co rp o rale est,
aut incorp orale . Sen .—Lapis est res co rp orea ; pulch ritud o , robur,
divine bona sunt corporah a. G. D .
699 . Corr iger e. Emendare.
Conmcz ns , ( regere cum) p roperty to make straigh t what is
166
Cic . Postridie h uj us d iei. Id .— PEREND I E, the dayafter to- rnorrow,
two (la s h ence. Sci es ig itur fortassé cras, summum perend ié . Cic.
Jam 11 ud qui dem mirum vider i solet tot h omines tam ingeni ososper tot annos etiam nunc statuere non po tuisse, utrumdi em te rtium,
an perendinum diei cp orteret. Id .
704. Crassus. Densus. Spissus.
CRA S SUs , gross , th ick . Grassum filum, Cic., Coarse thread . Crassi
p ari etes, Cms. , Th ick walls . Ae'
r crassus . Cic. Crassus h omo . Ter.Toga quae defendere fr igus , quamvis crassa quent . H or. Figuratively : Crassa et p ingui Minerva, H or .
, Bluntly , ignorantly , stup id ly—Demo s , condensed, compact. Et qua: densa relaxat. Vi rg.
Densus ae'
r , Cic., is less exp ress ive than crassus aer . Apud ali os 1dd ensius est, ap ud al i os fo rtassé rar ius. Cic. Aci e dens i milites . Liv.Crassi would be imp roper. Figuratively Densus labor, Val.Mam,
An un interrup ted work— SPISSUS is pr oper lysa id of af orest, d bushesor sh rubs standing th ick together. Umb ra Sp issw. Virg. Lauren
Sp issa ramis . H or . It is taken in a moregeneral sense : Caligo Sp issa,Ovid . f iguratively long , slow, tedious , to ilsome. Spissum opus etOper osum, Cic.
, Long and pa inf ul work . Sp issum istud amant i estverbum, veniet . Plaut . Cras sus is opposed to tennis ; densus to rarus ; sp issus to pervius . Quo d ensius est aurum, eo gravins ; quofoecundior te rra, eo spissioras ar istw ; quocrassior par i es, eo tutiorad omnes imp etus sust inendos. G. D . Crassus age r is a fat and
clayey g round densus ager, a compact ground and sp issus ager, ag round d ifi
‘icult to tilt or plough .
705. Creare. Gignere. Generare .
CREARE, to crea te, to g ive ex istence"
, tof orm out if noth ing . Omnesres quas natura creat. Cic. Figura tively Creare magistratum, pe
r icul um, calamitatem. Cic.— G ro s s e s , to produce, to beget. Ova
gignunt p isces. Cic. Qum in terris gignuntur , ad usum h 0minumomnia creantur . Id . Figuratively Artis max imé p roprium est
creare et gignere. Cic. Genuit in h imurbe dicend i cop iam. Id .
G ENERARE, (f rom genus) to engender . H omines h 0minum cans is
generati sunt. Cic. A Marte p opulum Romanum generatum acci
p imus. Id . Figuratively Cumpuer ipse generab it al iquid et com
p onet. Quint. Although the above verbs be indgf ef ently used by au
thors , they may be di stinguis hed thus Creatur quod o lum, aut p rorsus ign otum erat G ignitur quid quid ex nativis clementis ita coa
Iescit, ut n ovum ex istat ; Generatur quidquid é s imili p roced ensgenus p ropagat. Deus un iversum o rh em creavit ; G ignuntur étet rafruges Pater filios generat. G. D .
706 . Creber . Frequens.
CREBER , thick, reiterated. Creb ri coelo occidere lap ides . Liv.Crebri h ostes cad unt , Plaut . Litteraz creb riores. Cic. Scitis per
h os dies creberr imum fuisse sermonem. Id . Erratque aures et tem
p ora circum crebra manus. Virg.— FREQUEN S , speaking of persons,
numerous, f requent, assiduous. Refert qui aud iant, frequentes aut
pauci . Cic. Frequens S enatus conveni t, Id . , Afull house assembled.
Audi to r Platonis frequens fuit Demosth enes. Id . Speaking g“
things,
167
much resorted to. Mun icip ium frequens. Cic.
Mih i frequentem operam d ed istis.
707. Credere. Confidere. Committere.
CREDERE, as we cons id er it in this p lace, is themfi ect
fluctibus . Cic. Omn ia illi et credi rectissimé , et committi possunt.I d . A p ilot, in a storm, committit nuvem fiuctibus etventis ; vix tamen cr ed i t. Credere p ecuniam is to lend money depending on the
goodfa ith of the person who borrows ; instead of wh ich committere
p ecuniam implies lend in one's money with prop er securities : henceCicero says, Per syngrap am pecuniamal icu1 committere,vir.. underthe borrower
’
s obl igation in h and-writing . Committere cons ilium sign ifies to acquaint one with a design credere cons il ium, to intrust a
person with one’
s design, to speak with op en heart and confi dence aboutit.
Cr ed ibilis. VeTiSimiliS . Probabilis.
CRED IB ILI S ,(ifrom credere ) credible, that may be believed. Cre’
dib ile est id quo s ine ullo teste audi tor is Op in i one firmatur . Cic.
V nmsm xu s, li kely . Narrati o cred ibilis et verisimilis. Cic.— Pao
BAB IL I S, p robable. Probabile est id quod verefieri solet ant quodin op in i one p os itum est, aut quod h ab et in se ad h oc quandam similitudinem, sive id falsum est, sive verum. Cic. Probabilis signifiesa lso, laudable, tha t may be approved. Sicinius probabilis orator, j amve to etiam probatus . Cic. P. Anton iusvoce magna, nec alia re
probab il is. Id . Discipulus p robabilis. Id .
CREPIDA , (f rom xpnrrig, a bas is ) a low shoe with a latchet, mostlyused by the Greeks . G raiorum
'
crep idae . Pers .—SOLEA , (f rom so
lum, the gr ound ) a kind of pantoufle used at home. Cicero repr oachesVerres wi th having appeared in publi c with th is sort of pantoufles.
Stetit soleatus p raztor p opuli Roman i . I t is a lso sa id of woodenshackles used f or cr iminals. Et statim ei ligneae soleae in p edes ind uctaasunt . Cic.
71 0. Crep itus. Fremitus. Fr emor . Strep itus. Str idor. Murmur.Susurrus.
CREPITUS , fro mcr epere, to crack ) a crack ing noise.dentium, Cic. , The gnash ing of the teeth . For iuru crepit
Vir idis materiez crep itus . Liv.— FREMITUS , ( f rom fremere ) a roar
ing , a f r ighq‘
ul noise. Maris murmurantis fremitus . Cic. H orribilis
fremitus armorum, Id ., A horrid clash ing of a rms. I t is sometimestaken in a good sense. Eremitu secundo , Virg ., W ith applause, withacclarnation .
— FREMOR has the same meaning , but is only used in poetry. Variusque per ora cucurr it Ausonidum turbata fremor . Virg.
—STREPITUS, a creak ing and confused noise. Strep itus, fremitus to
168
nitr ilu'
m. Cic. Ingens valvarumstrep itus . Cic. Pedum crep itus,et str ep itus h 0minum. Ovid . Horace has said, dulcis strep itus au
rea testud inis.— Sr amon, a sh ri ll nois e. Strid or
'
serres . Cic. Str i
d orque rudentum. Virg . Red d idi t strid o rem janua verso cardine.
Ovid . Fetus strido r, Id ., speak ing of the hiss ing of a serpent— MURJ
Mp 3 , a no ise, a marbling or par ting , a murmur . Maris murmur . Cic.
Voeis parvw murmur . Ovid . Ventosi\
cecid erunt murmur is aurae.Vi rg .
1H orrendo labitur ammis murmure . Ovid . Jucundo labentes
rivi murmure . Id .
‘Tacito venerantur murmure numen . Id .
'
Strep itomnis murmure campus . Virg. Magno miscetur murmure cce lum.
151.7 SUSURRUS , a whisper . Lenes sub noctem susurri . H or Turninlecto quoque videres stridere secrets d ivisos aure susurros . Id .
Lympham susurrus, Id ., The purl ing (f wa ters.
Crimea . Culpa . Delictum. Peccatum. Al altgfia'
um. Male
fi centia .
‘ CR IMEN , (f rom npiptat , jud icium) p roperly an accusation, a r e
proach . Crimen diluere . C ic. Scyllas p ersona non suscipit crimentantorum facinorum. It somet imes in poetry expresses a cr ime .
has used it sp eaking of a villanous p erson Crimine ab uno d isce om
nes.— CULPA , a sligh t
ofl'
ence, or imperfection. Si aliqui culpatenemur err or is h umam ; ascelere ce rte liberat i sumas. Cic.
— DEL ICTUM , (linquere de ) an omissi on , a negl igence, when one does not knowwhat should be done : whereas PECCATUM is a transgr ession an ill
action, when one does what h e knows ough t not to be done. Necess eest eum qui velitf
eccare, aliquand t‘
) p rimum delinque re . Cic. H o
mines sap i entes elicto suo , non alio rum inj uria commover i. Id .
Peécare est tanquam transi re lineas Id . Tib i p ersuade print er cul
pain et peccatum b omin i accidere nih il p osse quod sit b omb ile aut
pert irnescend um. Id . Crimen fatetur , peccatum imprud entiae. t d .
— MALEFIC IUM (malé facere ) is sa id of a ny wicked act ion . Conta .
minare se maleficno . Cic. Cr tmen ansam uocendi '
p raebet malevoh'
s ;
culpam omnem vi tare ne vir nidem h onestissirnus usque p oter it ;n ullum est intrii recti j ustique %nes p eccatum omne de lictum fugitvir d iligeus et ofii cio rum memo r ; impr obum arguit mal eficium.
Culpa est inscientis ; peccatum p o test esse ej us qui animum diligenter adver tit, sed vel consi li i inop ia, vel rerum rudis r em p rudenter
sap ienterque non gerat , peccatumquoque in re‘
quévis consist it , s ive
ih n egot i o rum p rocuratione, sive in artium aut li tterarum recte app
‘
eiland arum ignoratiqne. G D .— MA LEFICENT IA , a committed of
fence S ib i in an imo esse iter facere per p rovinciam s ine ullamaleficentia. Ga s.
712. Cr iminari . Culpa re. V ituperare Impr oba re.
CR IMINARI , ( from crimen ) to accuse, to cha rge with a crimeHanc metui ne me cr iminaretur t ib i Ter . Invid losé p o tentiam ali
cujus cr iminari . C ic.— CULPA RE, ( fi om culpa ) to lay the fault on
one, to censure . Arbor aquas culpat . Hor . Carmina culpase . Ovid .
—V ( TUPERARE, (quasi V i tium aperire ) to blame. Ego tuum c ousiliumvatuperare non ande o . Cic. Caelumvituperat ipsum. Phwd .
— IMPROBA RE, (non p robare ) to dis‘
approve. Negus te posse nec
approbare nec imp robare. C ic . Imp robantur u quaestus qui in od iah 0minum incurrunt. Id . Ubi subest aliqua fraus minus pr obos cul
170
omne co rpus d ifi'
unditur . Cic. Memb ra quaedam amputantur , si etsanguine et tanquam sp ir itu carere cmperunt. Id .
71 8 . Crustum. Crusta . Emblema .
CRUSTUM, the crust (yrthose things which are to be eaten. Vi olate
manu malisque audacibus orbem fataJis crusti . Virg.— Causam, a
shell, a crust or solid outward case, viz . of ice. Concrescunt sub itacurrenti in flumin e cms tse. Virg . It is sa id (Jheavy plates ofgold andsilver . Crustae argent i cazlati. Cic. Figurat ively : Non est ista so
lida et since ra fel icitas ; crusta est. Sena—EMBLEMA (f rom ivandfidAAw, j acio ) is sa id of small images, flowers, or li ke ornaments, setin bosses on plate, to be taken of and put on when we wish. Cum insp iciendum p eposcis ces, avuls o emblemate, remisisti . Cic. Vasis
crustae et emb lemata d etrah ebantur , sic Haluntini , excussis d eliciis,cum argento puro d omum revertuntur . Id .
71 9 . C ruz . Furca . Patibulum.
CRUX, a cr oss : it had the f orm cf a T. Tollere in crucem. Cic.
Quam damnatis servis cruceru fixeras . Id . Figura tively Et ill iscrucibus (spea king cf prost itutes ) qua nos nostramque ad olescentiamh abent d esp icatam. Plaut.— FURCA , af ork,
‘
or anyth ing toput underor p rop . Bicornes furcm. V irg. Furca was a k ind of pun ishment.
n th is sense ha d the form of a V, it was the punishment of
slaves circumd uci solebant, says Pompa , collo furcee inserto ; henceth ey were called furcifer i. The triangle of the furca caught hold fi
henape of the neck, and the two branchesf ell on the breast along the s l
d ers. Gum comperisset nudi h ominis cervicem ins eri furcaa, co rpusvirgis ad necem cmd i. Sue t.— PAT IBULUM, (f rom patere) a kind (ffurca wh ich had the form of the letter Y, which slaves, or those can
d emned to servile pun ishment, having thei r arms tied, ca rried th roughthe streets, being scourged all the wh ile, and sometimes crucified after.Patibulurn ferum per urbem , d eind é affigar cruci . Plaut. Patibulumis a lso sa id of a g
allows, a g ibbet. Patibulo eminens affigebatur . Sall .Af terwards patibulum and furca have been p romiscuously used.
720. Cubare. Jac e.
CUBARE, ( f rom xbm‘w, caput decl ino ) to lie down in bed , to passthe nigh t in bed . Cum iste e tiam cubaret, in cub iculum introd uctus .
Cic. Cubare in carcere . Plaut. Gubat is p rope Caesar is h ortos. H or .
- JACERE, to lie a long , eith er on a bed or on theground. cam pate rCuri o moat-ens j acé ret in lecto . Cic. Patres h ], quos videtis , jacebant in limine . Id . Figuratively Jacent virtutes. Cic. In pace j acére, quam in belIo vigere maluit . Id . Paup er ub ique j acet. Ovid .
721 . Cubicula ris . Cubicular ius .
CUB ICULAR I S , for sleep ing , where one sleeps . Lectus cub icular is .
Cic.— CUB ICULAR IUS , p erta in ing to the bed -chamber. Lucerna cu
b icularia, Mar t , A watch- l ight.
722. Cadere. Fabr icar i .
Canaan, to bea t, to strike, as smiths do . Cudere nummus, argentum, Ter . , To coin. Cudere frumenta, COL, To th rash corn . Figu
ratively Cudere alieni tenebras, Plaut., To impose upon and deceive
171
one. In me cudetur h aec taba, Ter ., 1 shall pay dearly f or that.FABRICARE and FABRICARI , tof orge, tofabr icate, speaking of wor ksdone with a hammer . Glad ium fab ricare . Quint. Crateram fab ricare . Ovid. Fab ricari naves. Tao. I t is taken in a more gener alsense. Qua terra gigni t talia sunt, ut ea ipsa Deus immortalis adusum h 0minum fabricatus p ene videatur. Cic. Figuratively : Fa
br icareverba, Cic., To invent words.
723. Cuj atis. Cuj us.
CUJATI S , of what country S ocrates qu idem cum rogaretur cu
j atem se ip se d iceret, Mundanum, inquit totius en immundi se in .
colam et civem arbitrabatur . Cic. Cuj ates estis, aut quo ex opp idoPlaut. Cujatis, cuj atem and cuj ates only ar e in use. There is no example of cujas employed b good authors — Cums , CUJA , CUJUM,
whose .9 Cuj um peens, an elibce i?V i rg. Cujus, sa s a grammarian,
ad p ersonam refertur h omin is ; cuj atis, und é s igui cat.
Ca lcitra. Pulvinus. Pulvinar.
CULC I '
I‘
RA and CULC ITA , a bed , a mattress, a p illow . Culcitra
lanea. Plaut. Culcitra p lumea. Cic. Druso adeo alimenta sub
dueta, ut tomentum é calcitra tentaver it mandere. Sen .-FULV I
NUS , a cush ion to sit upon, speak ing of individua ls . TumGrassumpulvinum poposcisse, et omnes consed isse . Cic.
— PULV INAR , and PULV INAR IUM, a pa llet on wh ich the antients la id and exposed the statuesof thei r gods in their temples. Co rvum in sedem Junonis d evolasse,atque in ips o pulvinar io consed isse. Cic. Ad omn ia pulvinaria De orum vota facere . Id . Ovid says, Incolumis conj ux sua pulvinariaservat.
725. Culeus. Uter . Saccus .
CULEUS , a leathern bag . Insutus in culeo vitam amisit . Cic. Suchas murdered their pa rents were put into such a bag with a cock and aserpent.— UTER, a goat-sk in bottle used to hold l iquors. Aquam utribus camel i d evexerant. Q . Curt. Caput Cyr i in utrem h uman o sanguine r ep letum conj icitur . Just .— SACCUS , a sack or bag for holdingcorn, money, &c. Saccus frumentar ius. Cic. Mansam p on i jubetatque cfi
‘
und i saccos nummorum. H or .
726. Culmus. Stipula .
CULMUS , ( from d auog) a stalk if corn . Geniculato culmoerecta h erba. Cic. Ne gravidis p rocombat culmus a ristis . Virg .
ST I PULA , the leaves tha t surround the stalk of corn. Frumenta in virid i stipulalactentia. Virg. Culmusque levis, stipulaeque volantes.I d .
727 . Cultus. Cultura. Cultio.
CULTUS , tilling, manur ing. Aratores cultu agrorum defessi . Cic.
Figura tively honour , respect, worsh ip . Tr ibuere d iligentem cultumalicui. Cic . Religi o Deorum cultu p io continetur . Id .
— CULTURA ,culture. Ager quamvis fertilis sine culturafructuosus esse non potest. Cic. Adh ibere cul turam vitibus . Id . Figuratively : attendance and wa iting upon. Dulcis inexpertis cultura p otentis amici ;expertus metuit. H or . Culture of the mind. Simodo culturas patientem commodet autem. Id .
— CULTIO, the act of husbanding, of
172
t ill ing the ground . Qui se agricultione oblectabant. Cic. Bonusarato
o
r agr icultiooe se oblectat ; coltu smpe d et'
atigatur ; culturaditescit. G. D.
728. Cul tus . Ornatus. Munditice . Ornamen tam.
CULTUS , synonymous wi th ornatus , conii sts in the cloth i ng, gold ,j ewels , are used in dress, and is regula ted ly splendour and magnifi cence. ORNATUS cons ists in tak ing a p roper ca re of the h a zr
s
a ndsk i n , and is regula ted byfash ion and decency Cultus m auro et ar
gento , et gemmis et vestibus d eputatur ; ornatus in h ab itu cap i llor um. et cuti s. Tertull . (f rommundus ) is sa id a] cleanness. Mund it iae, et o rnatus, et cultus, base foemmarum insigniasunt, h is gaudent, et gloriantur h unc mundum mulieb rem app e llarunt maj ores n ostri . Liv. Mundior justo cultus, Id . , An afl
‘
ected
way of d r essing . Figura tively . Mund itia orationis, Cic i n elegant
d i scourse Ornatus o rato rius, Id . The ornamen ts of r hetor ic — OB
N AMENT UM, any ornament or embell i shment i n genera l. Haec domuserat o rnamento civitati Cic . Ornamenta orationis. Id , 7ae o i na ~
mea ts of a speech Sp oliari o rnamentis omnibus Cic . O rnamentah onoris . Id . Vi rtutis et indust ria: ornamenta . Id . Ornatus rela testo h imwho g ives it, and ornamentam to h imwho receives it.
729 . Cum imper io esse. Cum p otesta te esse.
CUM I MPER IO 138 513 was sa id oj'
h imwhom the Republ ic had by nameinve s ted with a command CUM POTESTATE ES S E, of h im w hom the
p eop le h ad intrusted wi th the management of o n «f a i r , or with a pa r
t i t ula r commi ss ion . In p rovincus intelligebant S ! is qui esset cumimperi o ac p o testate , quod apud quemque esset, eme 1 eve llet , id queci liceret, to re uti quod qu isque vellet, s ive esset venale , s ive nonesse t, quanti vellet, auferret . Cic.
730 . (l ance Cunab'ula . Incunabula .
C l 'NE , a crad le Et si mih i largiatur , ut ex h ac astute repuerascam,
et in cun isvagiarn . Cic. CUNABULA and INCUNABULA a r e seld omused but to expres s th e t ime or place of in/a ncy In cunabulis creatus
consul C ic. A p rimis cunabulis Id G entis Cunabula nostr te.
Virg J ovis incunabula Crete Id t ur tt l i l tely th e beg i nn ing R11
d imenta et incunabula virtutis. Sall. O rator is quas i 1 11cunabula C ic.
731 . Cunctar i Hce sita r e.
CUNCTAR I , to fluctua te, to be uncer ta in , a s he d oes who a ~lmques
t i on s or a dvice . Quibus rebus cogn itis cunctatus non sum in cursub onorum cons iiio rum. Cic . To stop , to ma ke a s ta y AI1 1 do.“ cunc
tantur in r ips Liv. Diutius cunctar i in via Cic Haas t'
r a ns , ;re
quenta ttve a} hmrere ) p r oper ly , to stick to In vadis h azs itabaut frumenti acervi Liv. In eod em haesitas luto Ter Figura t ive/y to
h es ita te Non multum h ze s itans respond ebo . C ic Cum h ass ituret,cu tu cunctaretur , uazs ivi quid d ub l taret p rofic 1sci Cunctato r p lerumque p rud ens ;
(
i1wsitat i11cer tus . G D
732. Cuncta tia . Ta r d itus Morn
CUNCTAT IO , delaying , tempo r i si ng . Abj ecta omn i cunctatione.t ., ll/tthuut a ny mo re ad o . Cunctatj one fictd , Tac. ,
Hy afl ecled
174
d erium tui ferre non p ossum. Cic. Desider ium sui nobis reliquit.Id . Erat in deside ri o civitatis. Id . Quis desideri o sit pudor autmod us tam cari cap itis ? Hor .
736. Cur ? Quare ?CUR is amere interrogation that re uires no answer. Sed quid ego?
Cur me excrucio Cur me macero . Plaut . Cur ego i d curem Id .
— QUARE wants to know the cause or reason, and expects an answer.Namque illud quare , Sczevola, negas ti ? Cic. Quaeritur Egisteusuare sit factus adulter ; in p romp tu causa est, d esid iosus e rat .vid .
737. Cura . Curatio.
CUBA , concern. Cura et sumptu absumitur .
simi liTer . De est. Cic.
— CURAT IO , says Doletus , estin quaversatur cura, vel
‘
est munus an ob is suscep tum ad quod exequend um curae nostrae conferuntur . De curatione aliquamunerumr egiorum cum Opp i o locutus sum. Cic. Omnes potestates , imp eria,curationes ab un ive rs o p 0pulo Roman o p roficisci convenit . Id .
Ai des Telluris est curationis mete , Id ., The care of the temp le q el
Ius belongs to me as a publ ic ofiicer .— CURAT 1 0 is a lso used, in physio,
f or cure. Medici gravioribus w orb is periculosas curationes et ancip ites adh ibere coguntur . Cic. Aliquotmenses transeunt,tern dumven it curatio , Ph azd , Months slide away bef ore the wound
Curatio rerummultam curam afl'
erre solet. G. D .
Vaul t,"
738 . Curator . Procurator.
CURATOR, one in a publ ic qfiice, and even intrusted with the interestof the state. Quod ad rempublicamvestram spectat, cujus curato rhuc missus es. Sall.— PROCURATOR , ( f romp ro and curare ) . Qui
l egitimep rocurator d icitur , says Cicero , qui ali en i negoti i ali quid ger it, ali eno pra positus negotio , pene dominus , et al ieni j urisvicarius .
N ihil inte rest utrumper procuratores agas, an per te ipsum. Cic.
739. Curator. Tutor.
CURATOR, synonymous with tuto r, a guardianfor a
but out of his or her wits . He was appointed by themagistran ire putas solemnia me , nec medici cred is, nec curator is ege re aPraetore dati , H or ., You think I have on universal madness , &c.
TUTOR, ( from tueri ) a guardian to one in nonage. Arno il lum mor
tuum, tutor sum liber is , t otem d omum diligo . Cic. Galba p opulumRomanum tutorem instituere se dix it filiorum snorum orbitat i . Id .
fi guratively Orbze eloquentia: quas i tutores relicti . Cic.
74-0 . Cur iosas. Diligens. Attentus . Sedulus . Studiosus . Qfliciosus .
CURIO SUS , over curious , inquis itive, too full qf care. Ad investigatid um cur iosior . Cic. Curi osi ocul i . Id . Curi osas et negotiis p ienus.
Id . In ali enarepublicacuri osumminimeesse , ofiicium est pe regrin i.Id . Ut adiligente cur iosus, et a religi one superstitio d istat. Quint.— D ILIGENS , iif
mm diligere ) dil igent, mindful . In omni genere dil i ens . Cic. omo frugi ac diligens, qui sua servare nosset . Id .
Ngegligentié diligens. Id .
— ATTENT US , ( tendere ad ) atten tive. At4
tentiores ad rem aenes omnes quam d ecet. Ter. Durus n imis atten
l am!
175
tasquevideris esse mih i. H or . Attentavita’
et rusticana. Cic.
S EBULUS, care/id . Assideat custos sedula sempe r anus. Tihul . Sed ulus denotes af ectation. Eloquentes en im vid ebare, non sed ulos
velle conquirere. Cic. Et sed ulitatemmal i poe'
tae dux it aliquo ta
men p reemio d ignam. Id — Sr on ro sus , l . f ond of study . Suscep i
lab orem utilem stud iosis . Cic. 2. Afi'
ectionate, a rdent! pass ionate.Democritus studiosus nobilitatis . Cic. Ille restituem mei, quamretinendi studiosior . Id . Curi osas plus d iligentiae, quam oportet,impend it rebusvel suis vel alienis ; d iligentes samus in iisq
uae placent ; attentis animis aud imus, attenté n ostra tuemur stu i osed efendimus amicos ; studiosis libri sunt utiles ; sed ulitate p lacemuso fficiosa. G. D .
- OFFICIO SUS , qflicious, obliging, ready to serve.Ofliciosus et liberalis h omo . Cic. Nat i o cand 1d atorum officiosis
s ima. Id . Figura tively Officiosus dolo r. Cic. Ofiiciosi lab ores. Id .
741 . Ca rrere. Ra ere: Vola re.CURRERE, to run, to go apace. Qui stadi um curr it, n iti et conten
d ere debet, utvincat . Cic. Figuratively : JEtas curr it. Cic. Sen
t eutia curr at, H or ., A max immust be expr essed in few words. Gurrito rati o p roclivius, Cic., The discourse is morefl uent. —RUERE
, synonymous with the others, to r un h eadlong. Ruere ad inter itum. Cic. At
Nisus ruit in medi os. Virg . Figuratively In quem ruit semp e rmanca fortuna, H or ., Aga inst whomf ortune a lwaysmisses her aim.
V OLARE , in its p roper sense, is sa id of winged an ima ls , tofly. S inep enn is volare baud facile est. Plaut. Volare denotes great swifl ness.
Volasse eurn, non ite r fecisse d iceres. Cic. Si ingred er is , curre , sicurr is, advola. Id . Volatvi fe rvidas ax is. Virg. Figurat ively Vo
lat aetas . Cic. Curr it is less expressive.
742. Curriculum. Stadium.
CURRICULUM, (f rom currere) a char iot, the place to r un in, thel ists, the course . In quad r igarum curriculum incurr ere . Cic. Ath
letae se in curriculo ex ercent . Id . Curriculum solis. Id . Curr icu
lum industr ieemew. Id .— STAD IUM, a length of a hundred- and - twenty
j ive paces, of wh ich eigh t make an I tal ian mile . Cfim aLeucopetra.
p rofectus stadia circiter trecenta processissem, rej ectus sum austro.Cic. It is sa id of the p lot of ground granted to champ ions or wrestlersto p erf orm th ei r exercises in. Olymp icum stad ium. Sen . Qui stad ium curr it. Cic,
743. Ca rrus. Plaustrum. Lectica. Rheda .
CURRUS , (f rom currere) the cha riots used by the ancients in thei rraces . Efl
'
usi carcere ca rrus. V i rg. Domitant in pulvere curras.I d . I t is taken in a more general sense . Cur ru quad r igarumveh i .Cic. Suis man ibus in curru Automed ontem collocat. Id a— PLAUs
'
r RUM , a waggon. a ca rt. Se interfectum in plaustrum acaupone
.
conj ectum esse. Cic. Omn ia ex fanis, ex locis pub licis, palam, sp ectantibus omnibus , plaustris
‘
evecta , aspor tataque esse . Id . Veh ere
poe'
mata plaustr is . H or .— LECT ICA, (f rom lectus ) a litter, a cha i r
with a bed in it, wherein thegrand ees were carr ied byslaves.’ Verreslect ica oct0ph oro veh ebatur . Cic. Coactus sum in eadem lectica,qua ipse d elatus e ram, meisque lecticariis in urbemcum referr e. Id .
—RHEDA, (f rompe'
w, fiuo ) a calash, a kind (f lightveh iclemade use
176
they were go ing to war , or to thei r countryd ictavi sed ens in rh eda, cum in castra proto llere rh edavellet iter fac i ens. Hor .
744 . Cursim. Obiter .
GURS IM , (from currere) inf ull speed, cursorily .-Alte r in Asiam
irrupit cursim. Cic. Figura tively . . Pergere cur sim ad d ignitates .
Cic. Ille sensim d icebat qadd causas p rod esset ; tu cursim din isal iena.
— OR1 TER, by the
_way, by the by, in going along : it is only
usedfigurat ively Aut ob iter leget, aut scr ibet, aut d o rmie t intus.Juv. Ut ob iter istos caveam H omeromastigas, Plin ., In order to se
cure myself , by the by,f roin the a ttacks of these sna rling critics . Z oilushad animadverted upon Homer, and was called H omeromastix .
745. Cur tus. Mutilus. Truncus . Mancus .
CURTOS , short, curta i led . Nunc mih i curto i re l ice t mulo . H or .
Figura tively N il curtum, n il red undans . Cic. Curta sententia, Id .,
An op inion not expla ined enough - MUT 1 LUS , mutilated . Mut ilascornibus . Ones . Figuratively : Muti la orati o . Cic.
— TRUNCUS , cutshort, lapped , ma imed. Trunca manum p inus regit, etvest ig ia firmat .V irg. Figura tively : Urbs trunca, sine sematu, sine plebe . Liv.MANCUS , (quas i manu carens ) defective in any limb ormember . Pm
p edi tus morb o ,mancus , et memb ris omn ibus cap tus , ac deb ilis . Cic.
[
guratively Illo consule manca foret illius p rmtura. Cic. Talibas
o cus p ropemancum. Hor .
746 . Custodial Carcer .
‘
Car ceres. Ergastulum.
CUs'
r on rA , (f romcustos ) watch and wor d . Fida canumCic. Noctem cus todia d ucit insomnem ludo . Virg. I t is sa id of the
p lace wh ere p r isoners are kept. Emitti é custodia, et levari vincul is.C ic.
— CARCER, a p ri son, a j a il where criminals are confined. Ab eus
Marcius carcerem ad te rr orem crescentis audaciie med iaurbe imminentem foro mdificavit . Liv. Career scelerumvindex . Cic .
CARCERES were the part of the cir cus where, a t a s igna l given , the
bar r iers were opened, and fr om whence the h orses and cha riots star tedall at once to run in the arena . In circo p rimo , find é mittuntur equi ,dicuntur carceres . Var . Ut cum carcer ibus sese efl
'
udére quadr igaz.V irg. Career has been used in the same sense. Ruuntque effus i carcere carrus- Virg . Figuratively Neevelim quas i decurso spatio adcarceres 5mi ce revocar i, Cic. , From the end to the beginn ing — ERGA STULUM, (f romEmmy, work ) a pr ison wherein slaves were kept incha ins . Quacumque 1 it, to ta ergastula solvit. Cic. Qui d facies talem so rt itus , Pontice, servum Nempe in Lucanos , aut Tusca a r
gastula mittas . Juv. Ergastula is a lso sa id of the slaves themselves .
Misitquoque ed,nuntium, qui tota ergas tula d onaret libertate . Var .
74-7. Cutis . Pell is. Corium. Cortex . Aluta .
CU'
r ts , (from xo'
r og, skin ) the skin when it is on the body .
intend it cutem. Ph azd . Si qu id intracutem subeetvulneris.PELL I S , the skin or hide of a beastflayed ofl
'
. Erepta j uvenco pallxsOperit h umeros . Virg. CORIUM , the h ide Qf a beast after it is ttmntd ,leather. Ut canis a cori o nunquam absterreb itur uncto. H or . I t
is only said of a strong and thick hide, lihe tha t of an or . De peco re
178
quia p retu minimi sunt . Sall . It has a more general sense . Facerej acturam re i familiaris. Cic . Non queero fiagitium h uj us j acturaeatque damni . Id .
— INCO\1MODUM, a n i nconvenience, g rievance . disodvantage, a sma ll misfortune Leniunt incommodavi tze commod orum
compensatione sap i entes. Cic . Non ob ea solum incommoda quaeveniunt imp rob is, fugiendam imp robitatem putamus . Id . Tempsanum incommod um,
Id ., sp ea king (f Tempsa ta lzen by theslaves .
750. Dapes . Ferculurn . Esculentum. Obsoniunr. La g anum.
DAPES , exquisite dishes . Non Siculze dap es d ulcem elaborabunt
sap orem. H or .— FERCULUM (f rom ferre ) i s properly a pageant car
r ied about in triumph , with the rep resenta t ion of countr ies conauer ed .
Sp olia ducis h ostium caesi suspense fabricato ad i d apte ferculo gerens, in Cap i tolium ascend it. Liv. Ca1 end um est me tarditatibus
utamur in i ngressa mollior ibus , ut p omparutn ferculis similes essevid eamur . Cic. It is sa id Qf the dishes of a repast . Multaque de
magma superessent fercul a ccena. H or . —ESCULENTUM (fromedere ) is sa id of any th ing/i t for eating . Ea pars oris , qua esculentis
et p oculentis i ter natura patefecit. C ic.—OBSON IUM, anyvictuals
ea table, excep t bread and w i ne. Omn ia cond uctis coemens obson ia
nummis . H or . Obsonii scind end i mag ister, Sen A car eer a t the
table of a pr ince . He who carves at a table — LAGANUM , (f romMiyowor ) a sort of hollow cake. Laganique catinum. H or .
751 . Dare . Dedere . Tradere.
DARE, to g ive , to grant. I t has as extens ive a s ignifica tion as our
word To g ive. Dare aliquid alicui inananus. Ter . Nemo d at largifis. Id . Dare beneficium. Cic. Dolorem alien i dare . Id . Dareanimum suum alicu1 Id . H oe mih i d a, ut Curium conse rves . Id .
Dare diem. Id . Se dare qui eti . Id . Vela dare . Liv. Vos i lli fugatiex ercitfis d ed istis decus. Id .
— DEDERE, (f rom dare ) to g ive up , tosurrender . Constr ictum aliquem dedere h ostibus. Cic. Se dederead scr ibend um. Id . Tib i, pate r, me ded o ; quidvis oner is imp one ,impera . Ten— T im p ani; ( trans dare ) to transmit, tog ivefromhandto h and. De manu i n manum tradere . Cic. Inimicitias poster is trad e re . Id . Tradere aliquid
.
memoria . Id . In custod iam tradere . Id .
Tradere arma, Cic. To g ive up a rms.
752. Dare manus. Tendere manus.
DARE MANUS , ta submit, to conf ess one'
s self conquered. Tandemd at Cotta manus , permotus sup eri o re sententii . Czes . Jamjam ef
ficaci do manus scientiaa. H 0 r .— TENDERE MANUS , to supplicate, to
entr eat. Omnes manus ad consulem tendentes, p leni lacrymarum.
Liv. Hedu i manus tendere , d ed itionem sign ificare. Caes .
753. Debilis. I rnbecillus . Imbellis . Imbecillis .
DEBI L I S , one deficient in body or mind, one depr ived of the completeuse d some natur a l j aculty or limb by weakness. Debi lis senex . Cic .
Deb i lis al iqua parte animi . Id Muste la ann is et senecta deb il is .
Ph aad . Membra d ebilj a. Ter IMBECXLLUS , and IMBEC ILLI S , (sinebaculo ) is a weak andf eeble man . Marius etvale tudine est, et naturaimbecillior . Cic. Imbecilli consili i muli e r . Id . Imbecilla medicina, Id ., A good for nothing and inefi
'
ectual physic.— IMBELLI S
1
(s ine bello ) is a cowardlyfaint-hearted.
man , not suited to war , and
without energy . Imbelles h ostes . L1v. Imbelh s columba . H or .
Annum imbellem agere , Liv., To be for a twelvemonth w ithout a
war . Figuratively Telurnque imbelle sin e i ctu conJ1c1t. Vi rg.
754. Debi litare . Delumbare. Enervare. Infi rmar e.
DEB IL ITARE, to weaken, to enf eeble Deb ilitatusvulnere . Q . Curt
Me dolor d ebilitat . Cic. Figuratively : Veri tas deb 111tata. C 1CDELUMBARE , fromlumbus ) properly to break one
’
s back .
.Quad‘ru
p ede d elumbata. Plin. Figuratively Delumbar e sententias, C1c.,
To weaken sentences .— ENERVARE , (f rom n ervus) p roperly to
’
ener
vo te, to debilitate . Non p laneme enervavit senectus. C10 . Figura
tively Elumb is et enervata o rati o . Cic.— INmRMARE , (non firmus )
to inva lidate. I t is seldom used but figuratively. Infirmare fidem
t estis ad j ud icem. Cic. Qua: pr o adversarus sunt infirmare debetorato r. Id . Infirmatus conscientiascelerum. Id .
755. Debilitatio. Debilitas.
DEBILI TAT IO , a weakening, an enfe'
ebling it is mostly said of thesoul . Qui d d ebilitatio , at na abj ectio an imi tui P— DEB IL ITAS,weakness, feebleness , decay a strength , both in mind and body . Deb iIitas linguee . Cic. Bonum, integritas corp oris ; mise ra deb ilitas . Id .
Deb ilitas an imi . Id .
756. Debitio . Debitum.
DEB IT I O , an obliga tion of paying , a quit- rent. Dissimil is est, pecun iae debitio et gratiaa. Cic. Quintius d e emendo nih il curat j satisen im torquettn
' debi tione d otis. Id — DEB ITUM , a debt. Pr iusquamFund anio deb itum solutem
' esset . Cic. Ne ex istimes eos, qui non“
deb ita consectar i soleant. quad d ebeatur remissuros. Id . Deb itumis properly an adj ective. Mih i quidem ita d ebitio molesta est,1ut 0pp ido deb itum exsolvam. G . I ) .
757. Decantare . Eecantare.
DEQANTARE, to s ing’
continual ly it is understood of to rep eat often,to go ovei
' the same th ing aga in'
a
'
nd aga in. Pervulgatap raecép ta decantare . Cic . Ne necesse sit iisd em
'
d é lrebus’ "
sempé i l quasi d ictaitadecantare‘. Id a
— EXCANTA‘
RE, to enchant, to ,cha rm
~
bymagical opir‘
dt ions . Quae sfidera excantata voce Th essala, lu11am
'
que d e ecalo der ip it. H or .
758 . Decemvir i. Decemp r imi .Dncnuvm i
quemadmodum aRegibuswrote the twelve tables of theDecemvi ri . Cic. Whenever
180
ut decmn p rimi proficiscantur ad Syllam. .C ic. Those composing thedeputation (f utgyr ia were called Qu inque p rimi.
759 . Decentia . Decus. Decor . Decorum.
DBCENT IA , decency , becomingness. Colo rumet figurarumvenustatern atque ord mem, et, ut ita d icam, d ecentiam ocul ivident. Cic.DECUS, (f rom d ecet ) . 1 . The honour a ris ing f rom a noble action.
Verum decus 1 nvi rtute p os itum est, quae max imeillustratur magnism Rempublicammer itis. Cic. Ad eunda sunt per icula d ecor is bonestatisque causa. Id . 2. Grace, ornament . Decus et laus civitatis .
Cic. Pe r h oc inane purp urne decus. H or . Ingen ium h omin is decus .
ClCe—‘
DECOR, beauty , afi ne mien , g racefulness, asfar a s it rela tes totheface, and shape Qf the body . Inest p rop rius quibusdam dec or inh ab i tu et vultu . Quint . Scias nec gratius quicquam decore nec brev1us . Sue t.— DECORUM, decorum, becomingness , a smuch as it relatesto act ions and behaviour. Id decorum essevolunt, quod ita naturaeconsentaneum sit , ut in eo moderatio , et temperantia appareat cumsp ec1e quadam liberali . Cic. H onestatem quo d appellamus decorum.
Id . Decus h ono ris , deco r formaz, decorum actionis est. G.D .
760. Becet. Co nvenit.
DECERE , says Cicero, al iquid d icimus ex h onestate, aut ex h ab ituquodam natural i ;— Couv1zume , ex anteactis , ex d ecretis, et pro
miss is : decere d eclarat quas i ap tum esse consentaneumque p ersonaeet tempor i, quod in omn ibusvalet. Cic. Ista decent h umeros gestamina nostros. Ovi d. Lacrymae d ecuére pudicam. Id . Decet patr iam
nobis‘
ch ar iorem ess e , quam nosmetipsos. Cic . V os h is mal is me de riconvenit . Id . Quo ex S enatus-consult o confestim interfectum te
esse, Catilina, conven it . Id . N emo nescit quis mulierem, quis virumo rnatus d eceat : qui d obstrictum sacramento militem facere couve
~
niat. G. D .
0
76] Decerper e. Excerper c.
DECERPERE, carpere de) to pull or p luck ofi'
together. Ad ducto
ramo pomum d ecerpere. Ovi d . Figuratively Nih il s ib i ex istalaudecenturi o d ecerp it, Cic., The centur ion has no sha re in the glory if th isaction. Ne quid j oens d e gravitate d ecerperet , Id ., Forf ear thep leasantness of the j oke should destroy gravi ty.
— EXCERPER£ , (carpereex ) to take out, to p ick out. Quid cum Picenis excerpens semina pornis , gaudes , &c. H or . Figura tively Excerp simus quod quisquecommodissimé p raeciperevid ebatur . Cic . Decerp iruus p oma ex ar
b ore ; seligentes mature excerpimus. G. D.
762. Deci dere. Exc‘z’der e. Elabi .
Dncxn ea e ( cadere de ) and EXC IDERE (cadere é ) ar e fo und usedwithoutpr efer ence. Dec idere equo . Cic. Bxcid ere equo . Ovi d . I t
is h owever necessary to observe tha t decide re is tofa ll downwar ds ; andexcid ere to escape out Qf. Matura p oma d ecid unt . C ic. Excident
glad i i , fluent arma de manibus . Id . It is the same in thefigura tivesense : H oc verbummih i excidit . Cic. Victoria nob is s manibusexcid it. Id . Haac res excidit é memo ria. Liv. Ficta omn ia celeriter
decidunt . Cic. Excid un t would be improper. E spe decidere . Liv.Spes excid it . Id . Tantum nefas excid it ore. V irg .
— Emm i , ( lab i é )
765. Declamare. Decla rnitare. Pronunciare.
DECLAMARE , to decla im, to ex ercise one'
s-self in deliver ing speecheson d ifi
'
er ent subj ects . Magister d eclamand i. Quint. Ad fluctumaiunt Demosthenem declamare solitum, ut fremi tum assuesceret
voce vincere . Cic. I t a lso s ign ifi es , to cry out aga inst, to inveighaga inst. Ne in quemvis impune declamare liceret. Cic.
— DEC LAM ITARE (f requenta tive of declamare ) was a new word in the time ofCicero . Commentor, says he, d eclamitans, sic en im nunc loquuntur ,sa pé cum Marco Pisone , aut cum aliquo quo tid ie. I t is said of of ten
p ractis ing the ar t of declamation. Quanquam tu qu idem vin i exh alandi , non acuend i ingen i i causad eclamitas. Cic. I t a lso s ignifies toinveigh ofl en aga inst. Ip se intereade me decem et septem dies declamitavit . Cic.
— PRONUNC I A-BE, (nunciare p ro ) to p ronounce, toutter . Uno Sp i ritu multosve rsus p ronunciare , Cic .
, To procla im, to
decla re publ icly . Pronunciare n omina victorum. Cic. Pronunciare
pugnam in posterum diem. Liv. Pronunciare is very properly sa idif an histor ian who rela tes what has h appened. Tl1ucyd id es rerum
gestarum p ronunciator sincerus. Cic.
766. D ecl ivis . D evexus.
DECL IV I S , (from de and clivus ) lean ing downwards. C ollis asummo a qualiter declivis. Ca s .
— DEV Exus , (veh ere de ) decl in ingdown, shelving . Devexus ab [ndis ammis . Virg . Devexus in viamlacus. Cic. E colle decl ivi fous d evexus subj ectos camp os irr igat.G. D .
767. Decolo r . Discolor .
DECOLOR , that has lost its colour . Et quascunque b ib it decolo rIndus aquas. Ovid . Saugu is decolo r. C ic. Figuratzvely Fama perven it ad aures deco lo r. Ovid . lEtas decolor. Virg.
— DISCOLOR , ofa d if er ent colour. Ut discolor ibus sign is j uratorum h 0minum sen
teut ia no tarentur . Cic . Discolor unde auri per ramos aura refulsit .
Virg. fi gurat ively Ut matrona meretric i dispar crit atque discolo r,infido scurra d istabit amicus . H o r .
768 . Decoquere. Helluar i . Ablig ur ire. Obligur ire.
DECOQUERE, to boil away . Neron is p r incip is inventum est decoquere aquam. Plin . Argent i pars quarta decocta, Liv., The fourthpa rt of the s ilver was wasted in melti ng . Humorem mulsi
‘
VuIcano
decoquere. Virg. Figura tively : Decoquere cred ito r ibus , Cic. . To
turn bankrupt. Tenesne memoriap ra tex ta tum te d ecoxisse Cic.,
D o you remember tha t, when ha rdly fourteen years of age, you ha dspent a ll your p ro perty .
9 H uno alea d ccoquet , Pers., Games o/
‘
chance
will ru in h im. Decoquere, sa id of the productions of the mind, signifi es tha t they ar e brough t to g rea ter perfection by time. Materiam e ssep rimumvolo abund antiorem, atque ultraquam opo rtet fusam mul
tum inde d ecoqueut ann i . Qu int . —H ELLUAR I to devour, to consumeall . To squander away one
’
s wealth in good living . Quid tl l meo p e
r iculo gurges acvo rago patr imonii h elluabare P Cic. Ille gurgesh elluatus est s imul tecum Reipublica sanguinem. Id .
- ABLIGU
R IRE, ( ligur ire ab ) properly to lick Q”: Figura tively to sp end one'
s
pr operty in da inties . in da inty bits. Patria qui abl igur icrat b ona . Ter.Fortunas suas abligur ierunt. Cic.
— Onmcunmn, iligurire ob ) pm
1 83
perly to l ick round. Figuratively, it s ign ifies , to diss ipate and spend everyth ing inf easting and debauch ery . Patr imonia sua p rofud erunt, fortunas suas obligur ierunt : res eos j amp r id em, fid es d eficere nuper
coep it. Cic.
769 . Decreta . Consulta .
-DECRETA , synonymous with CONSULTA , is a decree, a decisionenacted by one in power and consulta is a d ecision made by the adviceof counsel . Opo rtere quinquennii consulta omn ia et decreta rescindi .Sall .
770 . Decreta . Jussa .
DECRETA , the decrees of the sena te ; and JUS SA,the approbation,
the consent of the peop le. Nutus ej us p ro d ecretis Patrum, p ro po
puli jussis esse . Liv. Decern it Senatus, p opulus jub et. Cic.
771 . Decretum Senatzis. Sena tzisconsultum. Senatiis auctor itas
DECRETUM SENATUS , says Pompa , est speci es ; et Senatusconsultum est genus Senatusconsultum, quod cunque Senatus de singulis
p lur ibusve rebus aut h omin ibus censuit ; decretum Senatus quod d es ingulis rebus h ominibusve Senatus constituit , ut cum alicui h onos,
p ecun ia, supplicatio d ecer nitur .— SENATU SCON S oLTUM was a law ,
a n ordinance of the Sena te, wh ich was to be observed,unless rej ected by
the peop le . The Decretum Senatus was only a part of the S enatusc onsultam. The name of Senatusconsultumwas not g iven to any act,
unless it had passed without opposi tion, the sena te had been lega llyas
s embled in a proper time and pla ce, and th ere were a sufiicient numberof senator s, viz . two hundred a t least ; otherwise the deci s ion was ca lledS ENATUS AUCTORITAS , yet was never theless entered in the publi c r e
gisters . Senatus auctoritas, cui cum Cato et Caninius intercessis
s ent, tamea est perscr ip ta. Cic.
772. Decretum. Edicturn .
DECRETUM , synonymous with ED ICTUM , was a resolution ta ken inthe Sena te. Senatus aquo sa p é munificen tissimis d ecretis h onestatisumas. Cic.
— ED ICTUM , an edict, a law , an ord inancef r om a princeo r sup r eme mag istra te. Flaccus saux it edicto , me frumentumex Asiaexp ortar i liceret . Cic. Pecun iam n eque ex edicto neque ex decretod ep ositam h abui. Id . Decretum, in th is sense , is l i kewise sa id of th ed ecis ion Qf individua ls. Decretis ed ictisque tuis in te concitati sunt.
Cic.
773. Decur r ere. D iscur r ere.
DECURRERE, to r un down . Met ius Curtius ab arce d ecur rerat.‘
Liv. A te d ecur r it ad me os h austus l iquo r . Ph a d . FigurativelyDecur rere inca ptum labo rem, Virg . , To comp lete one
’
s wor k . Ne si
cuncta velim b reviter d ecur rere possim. Ovid . Ad miseras d ecurr ere p reces. H o r .
— D I SCURRERE , (d iversim cur rere ) to run h i therand th ither . Und ique d iscurr itur . T ibul. Figura tively Fama, uts olct, strenue totas urb es d iscur r it . Q. Curt .
774. Decursio . Decursus .
D ECURS I O , a descent or inroad of hor semen f rom an eleva ted p lacei nto an enemy ’
s country . Aut Apennino , Alp ibusque se teneat , et
d ecurs1on1bus per equites vastet ea loca, in qua incur rer it . C1c. It
184
is said of a tournament, or Qf a sham-fight ordered f or the pr ince'
s
gards in publ ic rq
’
oicings . Ind icta decurs i one p ra torian is . Sue t.ECURSUS , a runn ing orfl owing down, a descent. Aut ub i d ecursu
rap ido de montibus altis dant sonitum spumos i amnes. Virg. Sub itus ex collibus Albanorum d ecursus . Liv. Figurat ively A goingor passing th rough , a career. Decursus
’
b ono rum. Cic. Decursus
mei tempor is. Id .
775. D edecer e. l ndecer e.
DEDECERE, to misbecome, to be unbecoming . Nec d edecuére coma .
Ovid .. Erra re tam d edecet, quam delirare. Cic.
— INDECERE seemsto express a smaller degree of unbecomingness. Nam j uvenes adlu
‘
i c
c onfusa qua d am et quas i turbata non indecent. Plin. j un
776. Ded eco rare . Tarpare. Macula re.
D EDECORARE, to dishonour . Et me, et te, et familiam ded ecoras .
Ter . Ded eco raut bene nata culpa . H OP. -TL~RPA RE, prop erly tod is gure, to def ace. Ruga turpant te . H or . Ded ecoratur quod h ones tum in an imo est ; turpatur quod h ouestum est in corp ore . G .D.
— MACULARE, to sta in, to defi le, to pollute. Terram tab o'
maculant.Virg. Viden’
tu illi maculari corpus totummaculis lur id is Plaut.
Figuratively Maculare partus suos parricid i o , Liv., To pollute one'
s
self with the murder of one’
s ch ildren . Scelere maculari . Cic.
777. Dediscer e. Oblivisci .DED I SCERE, to unlea rn what one has lea rned. Dedid icit loqui.
Ovi d. Figura tively Naturam ded iscere. Q . Curt.— OBLIV I SC 1 , toto lose the remembrance of a th ing . Veter is contumelia obli
v1ec1 . Ca s . D ign itatis sua oblivisci . Cic. Amiss os j am h inc oblivisce re Graios. Virg. Ded iscere is opposed to ad d iscere ; and 0 i
visci to meminisse, recordari .
778 . Ded itio . Subj ectio .
Den l r ro . a g iving up . a surrender. Legatos de ded itione ad eummiserunt. Ca s. Subigere ad d ed itionem. Liv. In editionem acci
p ere . Tac.- SUBJECT IO , l . A p la in expos ition of a th ing . Rerum,
quas i gerantur , sub aspectum p ene subj ectio . Cic. £2. The br ing ingi n of f orged writings. Subj ectione testamentorum, fraudibus aliis
contam inati . Liv. Subj ectio is notj ound in good authors to sign ifysubmiss ion.
779 . Defectio. Defectus .
DEFECT IO , the act of wanting , of fa iling . Defectiovir ium. Cic.
Defectio an imi . Id . I t is a lso sa id Qf theact of abandonin of quittinga party . Circumspectare d efectionis tempus . Liv. Degectio arectarati one . Cic .
— DEFECTUS is thevery sta te of f a iling , being forsaken ,
or wanting . Defectus solis is the sta te of the sun when eclipsed. Defectio so lis denotes the eclipse of the s un . Copiarum d efectus, Q . Curt .,The revolt of the troops . Defectus aquarum. Liv.
80 . Defervescer e. Ref r igescere.
D EFBRVESCERE, (f rom fe rvo r ) to stop or cease bo il ing . Defe rvescu aqua . Var . t uf a l lvely : Dam d efervescat ira . Cic. Cumad olescentxa cup 1d 1tates del
'
erbuissent. Id .— R1:rmo escnnz , (f rom
186
785. Defluere. Efi uere.
DEFLUERE, (fiuere d e ) tofl ow down . Ex arbor ibus d efluit mei .Plin . Aqua secundo d efluit amn i . Virg . Figurat ively : Ubi salu
tatio deflux it, litter is me involvo , Cic., Wh en the time of vis iting isover, I give myself up entirelyto study. Ab amicitiis per t
'
ectorum ad
leves amicitias d eflux it orati o . Id . Ub i per socord iamvires , tempus,ze tas , ingen ium defluxit, infirmitas accusatur . sai l.— EFFLU § RE,
(fluere é ) toflowf r om. E vas is vinum effluit. Cat . Figura tively :H zec ciHuunt ex animo . Cic. Illi dicent i mens solet etfiuere , Id .,
t en he speaks, hef orgets what he wishes to say. Vires efiiuunt lass itud ine, Liv., Great f atigue makes one fa int. Efiiuet & tas. Ter .
Utrumque h oc falsum est, effiuet, Id . , 1 cannot keep it a secret.
786. Defoder e. Efi'
oder e.
DEFODERE, to bury in the ground. Defod ere in terram. Liv.EFFODERE, to d ig out, to d ig up . Argentum efi
'
od eretur penitus ah
d itum. Cic. H umana efi'
od iens ossa, th esaurum inven it . Ph a d .
Figuratively Efi'
od it i llins memoria p ectus meum, Cic . , The remembrance of that man makes my heart ache .
787. Deforma tio. Deformitas . Turpi tua'o.
DEFORMA ’I‘ I O , properly the act af f orming or shap ing . Ecce ille ,noudum co rp oris d eformatione comple ta, in matérnis visceribusp rarmor itur . Firmic. I t is sa id of disfigur ing , ug liness. Deformatio
c orp oris. Cic. Figura tively : Disg race, sta ins . Ut suae quisque cond itionis oblitus, ab illa d eformatione tanta majestatis , velut amefando spectaculo averteret oculos, Liv. , speak ing Qf the defea t of thea rmy nea r the Fur cre Caud ince .
-DEFORMI TA S , a sta te qf d eformity.
Insign is ad d eformitatem puer . Cic. Figuratively Deformitasfugif , Cic., The dishonour qf afl igh t. Deformitas an imi . Id .
— TUR
P I TUDO , meanness. It is sa id both of the soul a nd body . Nullum
e st maj us malum turp itudine , quae si in d eformitate corp oris h abeatal iqu id ofiensionis , quanta i lla d epravatio , et fazd itas turp ificati
an imi deb e t vider i Cic. Verborum turpitud inem, et rerum obscaz»
n itatem vitare Id . Dcformitas is a remarkable defect in the proport ions 6 and Turp itudo , a dej ect on the outside qf thef ace. Rugm tur
p ant faciem. Ter .
788 . Degravar e. Pr regravare.
DEGRAV ARE, from gravis ) to weigh down, to sink down . V itisd egr avat ulmum. Ovid : Ali os in aquam compulsos gurgites ferun t ,e tiam p eritos nandi lassitud o et vulne ra et pavo r d egravant. Liv.PRE G RAVA RE, (gravare p rae) to make heavy , to weigh down . Une
rata et p rwgravata corp ora . Liv. Corpus onustum h estemis vitiisanimum quoque p raegravat una. H or . Figura tively Urit en im ful
g ore suo qui p rwgravat artes infra se positas ; ex tinctus amabitur
i dem. H or .
789 . Deg red i. Digred i.
DRGRED I , (grad ior de ) to go down, to descend. Ub i degressos tu
mulis montan os vide t Liv. Degred i ad p edes ex equo , Id ., To aligh t
qfl‘
one’
s horse .
—D l GR 1-:D I , (d iversim grad ior ) to go or turn as id e .
Cfim ab eo d igressus essem. Cic. Prop ter multitud inem aparen
187
tibus d igressi. Sall . Figura tively De causa digredi , Cic.,To go
f rom the purpose. Und é d igressa est orati o . Id .
790 . Dej icer e. Deturbar e.
DEJI CERE, (j acére de ) to th row or cast down . De p onte aliquemd ej icere. Cic . Figura tively Praetura d ej ectus est. Cic.
— DETURBARE, ( turbare d e ) to th row down in a violent manner . Puppi deturbat ab alta. Virg. Deturbare aliquem d e tribunali . Cic. Dej icerewould denote a lessviolence. Figurat ively Sua quemque fraus, suumscelus, suum facinus d e samtate ac mente deturbat. Gic.
79 1 . Deindé. Til th . Post. Posted .
DEIN DE, second ly -TUM , th irdly -PO ST or PO STEA fourth ly.
Praecip itur p rimum ut puré loquamur ; d eind é , ut dilucide; tum,
ut o rnate ; p ost, ad rerum d ignitatem ap te. Cic. Ut d eberet re
p erire p rimam quid d iceret ; d eind é inventa o rdine d isp onere ; tumeavestire oratione p ost memor ial sepire ad ex tremum agere cumdign itate . Id .
92. Deind f} . Deinceps. Exindé.
DEINDE and DEIN , synonymouswith the others, next afl er . PrimumApp i o Clodi o , d eind é I'mp e ratori , d eind é more maj orum, d eind é ,quod caput est, amico . Cic. Prius, dein, ex trema. Id .
—DEI NCEPS ,
i n order, successively , af ter . Co tta qui Tr ibunatum petebat , et Sul
p itius qui d einceps eummagistratum petiturus videbatur . Cic. Sed
tamen tres fratres, quos d eincepsTribunos plebis p er trienn iumvideofore , te n olo h abere inimicos . Id . Prima, &c. secunda, &c . t ertia, &c .
Deinceps gradatim reliquis d ebeantur . Id .- EX1 NDE and EX IN ,f 7
‘
0mthat tzme, j rom tli encefor th , afterwa rds. Quisque suos patimur manes.ex ind é per amp lum mittimus Elysium. V i rg . Ig itur brach ia ac
crura velamentis, t iara caput tegit : et ne n ovo h ab itu aliquid occultare videretur , eod em o rnatu et p opulumvesti ri jubet ; quem moremvestis ex ind é gens un iversa tenet. Just in .
793. D elabi . D ilabi.
D BLAB I , (lab i de ) to fall down, to slip or slide down . S ignum decosio d elapsum. Cic. Suffosso equo d elabitur . Tac. Figura tivelyDelabi in morbum. Cic. B elah i in aliquod V itium. Id .
— D 1LABI,
(d iver s im lab i ) to slip as ide, or on d ifier ent ways. Pluvius in duasp artes d ivisus, rapid éque d ilapsus cito in unum confluit . Cic. Gla
ci es calo re liquefacta et d ilapsa d iffund itur . Id . Dilabitur vetustatenavis putr is. Liv. Figura tively Male partamalé d ilabun tur . Sall.Res max imae discordiad ilabuntur . Id . Delabunt ur would ofl
'
er qui tea d ifi
'
er ent sense.
D electamentum. Delectatio. Oblectamentum. Oblectatio.
D ELECTAMENTUM, ( fr om the obsolete word lacire, to a ttract) thatwh ich creates pleasure. Possum persequi multa d electamenta rerumrusticarum. Cic.
- D ELECTAT I O is pleasure i tself; the sensation ofp leasure. Mira quaedam in cognoscend o suavitas et d electatio . C ic .
—OBLECTAMENTUM, tha t wh ich creates amusement, d ivers ion , or r e
creation. Erat ei in oblectamentis se rp ens. Suet .
— OBLECTA T IO ,
the amusement, divers ion or recreation itselj l Oblectatio otii . Cic. Oh
188
Iectamenta quzerit otiosus lud endo , spectand o , j ocand o , ambulando ;d electamenta reper it occupatus otud end o , legendo , Op erando . Ob
lectatione taedium fallimus ; d electatione d ucitur animus . G. D .
795. D electare. Oblectar e.
D ELEC TARE, (f rom the obsolete lacire, to a ttract, ) to deligh t to
create p lea sure . Refero me ad mansuetio res musas , quaeme maxrméd electarunt. Cic.
— OBLECTARE, to enterta in , to,
Tij OiCe, to amuse.H abeb is qua: tuam senectutem oblectent. Ter . Oblectare vitam,
Plaut ., To mak life pass p leasantly .
796 . Delectus . Lectio. Electio .
DELECTUS , ( legere d e ) a cho ice, a p ick ing out . Omn ium rerumd electum atque d iscrimen p ecun ia sustul it . C ic . Delectusverbo rumo rigo est eloquentiae. Id . Hab ere d electum civis et p eregrin i . Id .
— LECT I O , a reading , a lesson . Lucullus mir ificé d electabatur lect i one libro rum, d e quibus aud iebat . Cic. It is sa id of an election . Utvos judices legere aud eret
,quorum lectione duplex imp rimeretur
Reipublicaa d ed ecus. Cic.— ELECT IO , the act of choosing . In itia
quorum ex electione vi rtus p osset ex istere. Cic . Electio fit inte r .
p encos, aut contendentes ; lecti o inte r multos , aut p romiscue oblatos. G . D . ”fi lm a ch o ice is made . tofi ll important p laces or ofi ces,
byp ersons invested by the law with the p ower of ma king such a ch oice,we then make use of crease ; if an election is made by oth ers out ofRome, and w ith out the usua l f orms, lege re is used. Marius militarisufi
'
ragio leotus ad temp us. Liv.
Delere . Oblitera re. Abolere.
Dem-ms , to blot out. Jam scr ipseram, delere no lui . Cic . C i‘
im
tabulas p rend isset Opp ianicus , dig ito legata d elevit . Id . Figural ively : Vl aculam b ello suscep tam delere . C ic. Qui non modop ries entia, ve rum etiam futura bella d elevit . Id . De lere urbem. Cass.— OBL ITERARE, (quas i obliturare,f rom litura) to erase by scrap ing .
JEr is obliteratio . Plin . Figura tively to obl iterate, to destroy the r emembrance of. Res obliterata:vetustate. Liv. Nondum oblite ratamemorna superi o ris belli . l d .
— ABOLERE, (f rom ab and odor, olo r )to take away even the smell of a th ing . Donec omnis odor aboleatur .
Plin. Figura tively : Da, pater , h oc nostr is abo ler i d ed ecus armis .
Virg. Clad is Caud inaememoria nondum abolcverat. Liv. Ab ol everat comesf rom abo lescere.
798 . Del ibera re . Deliber a tionem ha bere .
DELIB ERARE , ( fr om l ibra ) to cons id er , to examine , to deliberate.Noctem s ib i ad de libe randum postulavit. C ic. d lso , to resolve af tera ser ious considera tion . Iste sta tuerat et d eliberaverat non adess e .
C ic. Deli beratemorte ferocior . H o r . — DELI B£ RAT IO N EM HABEREis sa id of th ing s and persons spea k i ng of th ings , it sign ifi es to requireexamination, deli bera tion. Id coram cons id erabimus quale sit, h abet.en im res deliberationem,
e ts i magma ex parte t ib i assentior . Cic.
Speaking (y'
per sons . to consult , to deliberate upon. Ad d eliberationes
eas quas h abebat domi d e Il epublica, p rincip es civitatis adh ibebat .Cic. Deliberare is to exp ose the state a] a question, and to discuss thereasonsf or and aga inst it.
190
ad extrema Reipublicae discrimina. Cic. Unum ex cuuctis d eligere.
Id . In d eligend o vitae genere . l d . ( legere é ) to chooseamongst severa l th ings tha t a r e ~lel t to our f ree cho ice . Optionem alien iface re , ut eligat utrumvelit . Cic. E d uobus mal is, cummaj us fixgiend um sit, levius est eligend un1 . Id . ( seorsim lege re )not only to choose, but a lso to lay aside. Selecti é conventu judices .
Cic . Quw ex emp la selegissem, n isi , &c. Id . Afa th er h as a daughterto be mar ried, d eligit generum several young men qfi
'
er themselves toh im, eligit genere , d ivitiis p raestantiorem; a butcher buys twelve sheepto be chosen out of afl ock, seligit pinguiores . G. D .
803. Delinitio. Delinimentum.
DELI N I T I O , (f rom lenis ) the act of scj tening, (J mitigating. 1psa
que illa d elinitio multitud inis ad breve t empus ex iguumque duratura sit. Cic.
— DELI N IMENTUM , the mit iga ti on, the stylening or as
suaging itself. Aptissimum tempus erat ,vind icat is sed itiouibus, d eliuimentum an imis Volan i agri d ivis ionem obj ici . Liv. Vitae delimimenta mo nstraveram t ib i , Tao I had shownyou the sweets and com
forts of'
this life. It is also sa id in the allurements . V itiorum delia imenta, Tac. , The a llurernents of vice .
804 . Delirare. Desiper e. f nsa nir e. Parere.
DEL IRARE, ( from de, and l ira, a f urrow ) properly , in ploug hing ,to slip out cf thef urrow. Delirat arator . Co l. Figuratively to ta ll:
or act er travagantly, to swervef rom reason . Delirare et mente captum esse . Cic. Multos se deli t os senes saip évid isse , sed qui mag isquam Ph ormio d eliraret,vid isse neminem. Id — DES IP£ RE, (saperede ) to recedef rom wisdom, to actf oolishly . Licetme d esipere d icatis .
Cic. Dulce est d esipere in loco . H or . N imi o gaudi o pene des i
p ere . Cic .— INSAN I RE , (non samus ) to turn mad , to be mad . Incerta
h aze si tu p ostules rati on e ce rta facere , n ihilo plus agas, quam si
op eram d es, ut cum rati one insan ies. Ter . Insanire dibet quoniamt ib i . Virg .
— FURERE, to be in afi zry. Quid est al iud furere, n isi non
‘
cognoscere h omines, non cognoscere leges, 11 0 11 Seuatum, 11 0 11 civi~tatem Cic. Usque cd commotus est , ut insanire omn ibus , ac furere videretur . Id . Figuratively Fur it aestus . Virg. Furentesvent i .Id . Furentes flammae . Id .
805. Deliratio . Deliramentum.
DELIRA T IO , the act ofacting or ta lk ing extravagantly. O del irationem incredibilem ! C ic. Ista sen ilis stultitia, qua: d eliratio ap
p ellari sole t, seuum levium est. non omn ium. Id .— DEL I RAM
TUM , extravagance, delir ium. Deliramenta loquitur,.
Plaut".
Shetalks extravagantly . It would be improper to use d eliratlonem i n the
f oregoing sentence.
806 . Demittere. Emitter e. D imittere.
D em '
r'
r s nn, (mitte re de ) to send down. Jam nova p rogen iescutlo d emittitur alto . Virg. Demittere oculos , Cic . , To cast downone‘s eyes . Figura tively Amimos d emittere. Cic. Ut eas vocesvelut oraculo missas i n pectora an imosque demitterent . Lin — Emu
TERE, (mitte re e to let 0 , to let out. Emitti é custodial C ic.
f iguratively M edicto nifiil facilius emittitur, n ih il citius excip i
1 9
tur . Cic.— D IM ITTERE, (d iversimmittere ) to send about. Dimi sit
l itteras in al ias urbes . Liv. D imittere comit ia, Cic. , To dismiss an
assembly . Aliquem a se d imittere. Id . Figura tively : D imittereoccas ionem. Caes. Libertatemmeamn eque dimisi unquam, n equed imittam. Cic.
807 . Denzover e. D imovere. Removere.
DEMOV ERE , (movere d e ) to disp lace bymoving . N omen et effigies
p r ivatis ac pub licis locis d emovendas censebat . Tac . FigurativelyA liquem de certa sententia d emovere. Cic.
— D IMO VERE, (d iversimmovere ) to th rust as ide in moving . Obstantes p rop inquos d imovet .H o r . Figurat ively Ita b on is malisque d imo tis patent i viaad ve rump e rges. sall.— REMO V ERE , (movere retro) to remove, to withdraw.
Removere p raesidia . Cic. Multa palam d omum suam auferebat,
p lura clam de medi o removebat. Id . Figuratively Tu n ovummo rbum removisti . Cic. Removere se asusp ici one . Id .
808 . D emitm. Denique. Tandem.
B EMUN , a t leng th , after a long time. Nunc d emum litter is tuisrescribo . Cic. Demum is a lso ta k en in a sense a nalogous to solum,
tantum, only . Ea d emum magma voluptas est , aequalem ac paremverb is vitam agere . Cic .
— B ENI QUE, in j ine, is p laced a t the end of a
long enumera tion . Non avarit ia, n on l ib id o , non amwuitas, non no
h ilitas urb is, non d en iqué lab or, &c. Cic .— TAND EM , when a th ing
has been a g rea t wh ile longed- after. Tandem p rOgred itur magmas ti
p ante cat erva. Virg. Ib is tandem aliquando, quo te, &c. Cic.
809 . Denunci a re. Renuncia re.
DENUNC IARE, to denounce, to decla re, to g ive notice . Denunciarep ericulum, pestem. Cic. Denunciavit, ut ad esset. Id . Domum d enunciare , Id . , To subpaena one a t one’s house. Testimon ium al ien idenunciare , Id .
,To subpoena a wi tness.
— RENUNC IARE , l . to advert is e, to acqua int. Fremebat to ta p rovincia, nemo id t ib i renunciabat .C ic . Postquam mih i r enunciatum est d e ob ita Tullias filiee . Id .
2 . to p rocla im. Renunciare aliquem consulem. Cic. 3. to countermand, to protest aga inst. Renuuciari ex templo amicis quos in con
s il iam r ogaverat, imperat . Sen.
’
In the same sense we say amicitiamrenunciare . Cic . Societatem alicui renunciare . Liv. Renunciareemptiouem, pactionem, C ic., To gof rom a barga in, a contract.
8 10 . Benab. De integro.
DENUG,(Sq
uas i d e novo ) a new , afresh , once mor e . S icilia te rmt ore censa enno est. Cic. Recita d enuo. Id . Denuo reb el are.
Lis a— DE INTEGRO , qu ite af resh , as if
'
nothing had been done be/br e.
Cens ores de integro crear i . Cic. Denuowould have a difi'
er ent sign ifi ca tion . Qui in morbum d e integro incid eruut. Id . Ferre legesd e integro . Id .
8 1 1 . Depccular i . Spoliar e. Praeda r i.
DEPECULAR I , (f rom p ecul ium) p rop erly , to rob one of h is money .
Eum omn i argent o spo liasti et depeculatus es. Cic. Depeculatora rar ii, Id .
, A robber of the publ ic money . I t is used in amore genera lsense . Peccatum est patr iam prodere, parentesvi olare, fana dep e
culari . Cic. fi guratively Laudem h onoremque alicuj us d epecular i.Cic.
— SFOLIARE, to bereave, to dep rive of every th ing. Omniumrerum spoliatio . Cic. Spoliare vestitu , opibus . Id . Figura tively :Pud icitiam ali enam spoliare. Cic . Omn i dignitate sp ol iari . Id . Spo
l iarevita. Virg.— PRE DARI
, (f rom p rzeda ) to p lunder , to r ob, to pillage. Verres omn ibus in rebus apertissimé p raedatus est. Cic. Nemoi d agere debet, ut ex alterius p raed etur inscitia. Id . Tuus apparito rde aratorum b on is praed abitur . Id. Fig uratively S ingula de n ob isanni pra dantur euntes. H or .
8 12. Depopula r i. Vastare.
DEPOPULARI , (f rom'
p 0pu1us ) prop erly , to dep opula te and str ip a
country of i ts inhabitants . I t is oflener used for populatim d ir ipere,to p lunder and p illage on all parts. Agros ct urbem d ep 0 pulatus
est. Liv. Depopular i civitates . Cic. Aves d ep 0pulantur d ona Cerealia. Ovid .
— VA STA RE, (f romvastus ) to laywaste. Omn ia ferroet incend iis vastare. Liv. Latos vastant cultor ibus agros. Virg .
S iciliam p rovinciam C . Verres per tri ennium d ep0pulatus esse, Siculorum civitates vastasse dicitur . Cic.
8 13 . Depmva té. Cor rup té.
DEPRAVA TE, (f rom p ravus, crooked ) dishonestly , without p robity .
—CORRUPTE, corruptly , improperly , without s incerity . De quibusn eque dep ravatej ud icant, neque cor rup té . Cic.
8 14. Depravatio . Pr avitas.
DEPRA VAT I O , (f rom p ravus) contortion, gr imace. Depravatioo ris. Cic. Figuratively : depravity , corruption. Depravatio cousue'tudinis. Cic. Depravatio verb i, Id . , Corrup tion of a word, when an
improper sense is g iven to it. Dep ravatio is the act ion,and Pnnvr
TAS is the state itself of being viczous in conformation . Vitium, cum
gen es corp oris inter se dissident, ex quo p ravitas membrorum. Cic.
ravitas oris, Id . , The def ormityof the‘mouth and Dep ravatio o ris,
the act Qf di storting the mouth . Figura tively Dep ravity , l icent iousAn imi p ravitates rectevitia d icuntur . Cic. Quin est ista pra
vitasP Quazve est ament ia Id .
8 15. Depulsi o . Etpulsio.
DEPULS IO , (pellere d e ) a th rusting , a beal in away.
used but figura tively . Depulsio mali . Cic . epuls io doloris. Id .
D epulsio servitutis. Id .- Ex1>ULs 1o , (pollere ex ) expuls ion, the act
of d r iving out, ban ishment. Expulsio vicinorum. Cic. Benemerit orum civium expulsi ones. Id . It is not usedfigura tively.
8 16. Deputare. Imputare.
DEPUTA RE , (puture de ) properly , to pr une, to cut ofi‘
. Falx deputat umbras , Ovid The scy the cuts of th e umbrageous and shadybranches. Figura tively To j udge or estimate , to th ink . Deputarealicuj us operam parvi pretii. Ter . Qu idquid p raeter spem eveniet,omne id d eputabo esse in lucro . Id . Satis i d dictumvob is puto j amatque d eputd . Plaut .— IMPUTARE , (non putar e ) properly , not to cut.Imputata vitis . Plin. Figuratively (putare in ) to impute, to account.Imputare in solutum, Sen To reckon as pa
id. Imputare vunum be
820. Desertor . Proditor .DBSERTOR, (f rom d eserere ) thatf orsakes or abandons . Dese rtor
amicorum. Cic. It is very properly sa id of a soldier tha t leaves hiscolours without leave. Dese rtor miles . Ca:s .
— Pnonrr oa , ( f romp rod ere ) a discoverer. Prodito r arcan i. H or . I t is sa id of a tra itor, betrayer, or treacherousman. Prodito r patriae. Cic. Cumviderern h omi n es ant p rod 1tores ess e aut dese rtores salutis meze. Id . Qui exiis secuti non sunt, in d esertorum ac proditorum numero ducuntur .
Cas s .
821 . Beses. Des idiosas. P iger.Dnsns
, one that is actua lly id le. Sedemus d es ides domi mul ierumritu inte r nos altercantes . Liv.
— Dns rmo sus , one in an ha bitual statetf la
‘
z iness. Desid iosam artem d icimus, quia des i di osos facit. Cic.
Desid iosissimum o tium. Id .— PI GER, a sluggard, he tha tfears trouble
and labour ; a man careless of what it is h is duty to a ttend to . Militiasp ige r . H or . Piger scr ibend i ferre lab orem. 1d . Figuratively An
nus p iger , H or . , A long and tedious year. Bellum p 1grum. Ovid. Senectus p igra. Id .
822 . Deside'
r e. Desidé’
r e.
Dns rnnnn, (f rom sedco ) to sit idle. Frustra ubi to tum d esedidiem, &c. Ten— Dnsmnnn, (f rom s idere ) to s ink , to ch ink. Terrat riam j ugerum Spati o caverna ingent i d esed erat. Liv. FigurativelyDesidunt mores, Tac., Goodmanners arep erverted or corrup ted.
823. Desidia . Socord ia. Segnitia . Segn ities . Inertia . Ignavia . Otiaru.
Pigri tia . Moll it ies.
DES ID I A , ( f romsedere ) the state of ouewho rema ins idle, inaction ,
slothfulness . Desid iam puer ille sequi solet , od it agentes. Ovid . Ab
industriaplebemad d esid iamavocare .Cic . SOCORD IA , (sin e corde )slugg ishness, complete indolence. Pcenus advena n ostra cuncta tione
et socord ié j am huc p rogressus . Liv.— SEGN IT IA and SEGN t r rns
,
( sine igne ) want of energy , indolence. Dave , n ih il loc1est segni tiaa et socord im. Ter . That is to say, accordin to Donatus ,segnitia: ad agendum, socord imad consid erandum. egn1t1es maybe the habi tual state, and segnitia the actual one.
— INERT IA , ( smearte ) unskilfulness Artibus qui carebant, inertes s maj orib
G
us appellabantur . Cic. It is sa id of inaction . Qui p rop ter d esid iam m ot1o
vivunt, tamen in turp i ine rt 1s capiunt voluptatem. Cic. Strenua nos
exercet ine rtia . H 0 r .— IGNAV I A , (non navus ) want of courage,
fa int-heartedness. Cicero uses it in oppos ition to fo rti tude Ignavmmfortitud o odit et asPernatur . Nec tua ignavia etiam iner tiam afl
'
erat.
Cic.— OT IUM , leisure, is not always taken in an i ll sense . N ostrum
ot ium negot i i inbpifi,‘
non requiescend i studi o constitutum est. Cic.
Clarorum virorum non mind s o tii, quam n egoti i rat i onem extarcOportet. Id . Tabescere b tio . Id . Diflluere o tio . Id .
— PI GR IT IA ,
slugg ishness.fear of trouble and labour, neglect of wha t it is a duty to
attend to . Definiunt p igritiammetum consequentis labon s . C1c. Ne
aut p igritia, aut ignavia, aut tale quid appareat . Id .— MOLLI T IA and
BIO LLIT IES , t imorousness, want of resolution in withstanding the d iffi culties if an enterp rise. Qui ofiicia d eserunt mollitia an imi . Cic .
Civitatummores lapsi ad mollitiem. Id . Moll itia may be the actual
state of a want if resolution and molliti es the habitual one. De51d 10 ,
sus cessat ignavus n ih il exequitur lab oremmetuit p iger ; imperiteagit iners ; segn is non ag i t non cons1d erat socors ; secum est otio
sus, secumque, ut d icitur , V 1v1t ; moll1s oflic1a d eserl t. G . D .
824. Despera re. Difi‘idcre.
DESPERARE, to be out of hope. Desperatio est mgritud o sine ullarerum expectatione meliorum. Cic. Vitam domin i d esperantes. Id .
De Reipublicee causa d esperavi. Id . Desp erare saluti . Id . I t is
sometimes opposed to confid ere. In quo consid erandum est, me aut
t emeré d esperet p ropter ignaviam,aut n imis confidat p rop ter cup i
di tatem. Cic.—D I FF IDERE, to distrust, to mistrust. Sententimalieni
d iffid ere. Cic. Difli d ens et d esperans rebus suis. Id . It a lso signifiesto despa i r. Eudemus graviter mger fuit, ut omnes medici d iffiderent.C ic.
825. Despicer e. Dispicere.
DESPICERE, (f rom the obsolete word Sp icere) to look down at.
T ollam altius tectum, non ut ego te d eSp iciam, sed ut, &c. Cic.
D I SPI CERE, (d iversim Sp icere ) to look about on every s ide, to look inorder to discern a particula r o ly
’
ect among others. Ut p rimum d ispex it,quaesivit salvus ne esset Clypeus. Cic. Ego qui d Sperem non disp i .cio . Id . Aci e mentis disp icere cup iebant . Id . Figuratively to con
s ider. S ine ad me ut red eam, turn al iquid disp iciam. Ter .
826. Despicer e. Sper nere. Fastidire . Temnere. Contemnere. Asper nar i .
DESPI CERE, synon mous with the rest, to disregard , to look up onone with contempt. (gmnes d eSpicere, p rae se neminem putare . Cic.
- SPERNERE, properly to rej ect. Sperne voluptates. H or . V eritasaus p iciorum spreta est , speci es tantum retenta . Id .
— FA ST1D IRE ,to disda in, to scorn, to make no account of . Fast idire preces alicuj us .
Liv. Qui non modoimp robitati irascuntur cand id atorum, sed etiamrecte factis saepé fastid iunt . Cic.
— TEMNERE, (f r om r é‘u rw) to set
l ittle by, to sl igh t. Si genus h 0minumet mo rtalia temnitis arma . Virg .
Jejunus stomach us rarovulgar ia temnit H or .— CON TEMNERE seems
to r ise above the mean ing of temnere . Despiciunt autem eos et con
temnunt. Cic. Quotmodis contemp tus, spretus P Ter . Rempublicamd espexit atque contempsit. Cic. Abs te s olo ita d esp ectum,
ita con
temptum,ut etiam cum caeteris Siculis d ispoliaretur . Id .
— ASPERN am , to r iy
’
ect with conte mpt. Gustus quod vald é dulce est, asp e rnatur et respuit . Cic . Cuj us furorem De os immortales a suis arisaspernatos esse confid o .
,Id . Dicere al iqui d quod omn iummentes
aspernentur ac reSpuant. Id .—N EGL IGERE, to neglect, to pay little
regard to . Imp erium alicuj us negligere . Caes . Injurias negligere .
Cic. N egligere exp resses less than the oth ers .
827. Destruer e. Demolir i . Ever ter e. Perdere.
DESTRUERE , (f rom strues, a heap ) prop er lyto overthrow wha t isheaped up . l Ed ificium idem d estrui t facillimé , qui construit. Cic.
Figura tively : Fortunam suam destru i Caesar rebatur .Tac. Destrueretestes, Quint., To invalida te witnesses, to p rove themf alse — DEMOL I R I , (molir i d e, f rommoles ) to demol ish : in its proper sense it issaid of build zngs. Demol ire ea, quorum altitudo ofliceret ausp icus.
O 2
Cic. Figuratively Jus d estruet ac demolietur , Liv., He will ders tray and overturn j ustice — EV ERTERE, (ve rtere é ) to tur n upsidedown, to undermine. Evertere ab imo mce nia. V i rg. Figurat ively :Aliquem fortunis ave rtere , Cic., To overthrow somebod
’
s fortune.Ever tere leges, testammta ,voluntates mortuorum. Id . emoliri denotes a grea ter efi
'
or t than destruere ; evertere implies the idea of foundations destroyed — PERDERE, synonymous with the others, to ruin en
tir ely. Jup iter urbes d elevit, fruges perdid it. Cic. Ubi ill ic scelusest , ui me perdidi t
? Ter . Seipsum p erdere . Cic. Perde re op eram,
Pb To lose one’
s labour . Aquam p erdit, Quinn, Hewastes hist imeva inly — time was anciently measured bywater , as it is now
, bysand . Non p erdere letummax ima cura fuit, Luc. , He took great carenot to die unrevenged.
828 . D eterias . Pej us. Nequius.
DB'
r zmus , (f rom terere ) not so good. Quidquid d etraxeris , deter ius futurum
'
est. Cic. Egovaleo , sicut s ole o , paulb tameme tiamd eterius, quam sole o . Id . Corrigere, et deterius facere . Id . Mu
tatus in d eterius p rincipatus, Tac. , A government grown worse.
PEJUS, more hurtful . Quod al iud ali o mel ius esset aut p ejus. Cic.
Turpitud o p ejus est quam dolo r . Id . I t also expresses mor e. Spe
p ejus. Hor . Quo neminem p ejus od i . Cic.— NEQUIUS , comparat iveof nequam, goodfor nothing (quas i non quicquam) . N ih il nequiusaut turp ius efl
'
ceminato vir o . Cic.
829. Detexer e. Retexere.
DETEXERE, to make a comp lete texture, to continue it. Neque ex ordi ri p rimum unde occip ias babes, n eque ad detex undam telam certosterminos. Plaut . Quin tu al iqu id saltem potius, quo rum ind igetusus, viminibus moll ique paras d etexere junco Virg. Figurat ivelyMul ta quaerend o reperiunt, quibus ante exorsa vel p otius d etex tap rope retexantur . Cic.
— RETEXERE, ( rursus texere) toweave a th ingover aga in . It is more used in the fi gurat ive sense. Fata retexere.
Ovid. Scrip torum quaeque retexens. H or . N ovi timores retexuntsupe ri ora. Cic. Quinque o rbes explent cur su, totid emque retexunt
hue , illuc, Vi rg . , They r anfive times over thefield of ba ttle, and fivet imes they came back aga in. Penelopes retexere, Cic., To do and und o,l ike Penelope, who unravelled at n ight what she had woven in the day
830. Detiner e. Retinare .
DET INERE, to detain . Detinere aliquem compede. H or . Ani
mum stud iis detinere, Id ., To employ one’
s time in study— RENN BRE, (rursus, or retr t
‘
) tenere) to hold fast, to put a stop to, to pre
ventf rom S inistramanu retmebat arcum. Cic. Labebar , n isi meretinuissem. Id . Sed ad h d c Plancusme retinet, sperat p osse fieri ,ut mecum in Italiam d ecedat . fi guratively Fi dem in amicitia t etinere . Cic. Infid os retinere amimos sociorum. Liv. Qui amicum
apud se retinerevul t , aut se rmone aut d eambulatione detin et ser
vus fugax comped e d etinetur . G . D .
831 . Detractio . Detrectatio .
DETRACT IO , ( trah ere de ) the taking awa the ca rrying Qfi‘
f or cibly. Detractio al ieni . Cic. Figuratively : etractio
.molest ia . Cic.
198
mitres in a woman ish manner . Et tun icaeman icas, et h abent redimiculami trm. V irg .
836 . D icare. Vovere. Devover e.
DICARE , to give over, to del iver up, speak ing of th ings not sacred .
Civitativel in civitatem se d icare , Cic. , To make one’
s-self f ree of a
city . Alicui se d icare , Id . , To dedicate one’
s-self to the service of anoth er. Se alicui in clientelam dicare , Id ., To put one
’
s-self under thepatronage of another, to become his cl ient. S tudium suum alicuj uslaudi dicare . Id . To tum h unc tib i d icamus diem, Id e devote thewhole of this day to h ear you. Dicare , wh en sa id (J sacred th ings,s ign ifi es to dedica te to God . Templa dicata Deis. Ovid . Dicati Ap oll in i cygn i . Cic.
— VOV ERE, to make avow , tovow. Vovere d ecimamH erculi. Cic . Templa Nymph arum publicevota ac dedicata sunt.
I d . Votas suspend ere vestes . Virg. Figuratively Pro patriae salute suum cap ut vovere, C ic . , To er pose one
'
swe to danger f or one'
s
country .—DEV OVERE, to devote , to qfi
'
er up in sacrifice . Agamemnoncum d evovisset Diana: quod in suo regno pulch err imummatum esset
i llo anno , immolavit Iph igeniam. Cic. Figuratively : Se amicitiwalicuj us d evovere . Cic. Vovere expresses much less.
837. D ictare. Dictitare.
D ICTARE, [requentative Qf dicere ) to dictate how or wha t onesha ll wr it-e. arvula lipp itud ine adductus sum, ut dictarem h anc
epistolam. Cic. It a lso s ignifies to say often. Recinunt j uvenes d ictata senesque. Hor . Figura tively : H oc rati o dictarevidetur. Quint.— D IC T I TARE , (f requentative of dictat e ) to speak or tell often . Ap
p ius in sermon ibus antea d ictitabat, p osteadix it e tiam in sematu palam. Cic. Romulum quoque insepultum periisse d ictitans. Liv.
838 . D ictio. Dictum. Stylus.
D ICT IO , a spea king, an utter ing. themanner qf saying . Dictio sen
tentiae. Cic. Totam causae meze d ictionem in certas partes dividam.
Id . It is used by Livyf or the a nswer of the oracle . Data d ictio erat,caveret Ach erusiam aquam, Pand osiamque urbem : ibi fatis ejusterminum darn DICTUM , a say ing, a word. Nullum est dictum,
quod non dictum s it prius. Cic. Absona dicta for tunis. H or . Dictio
p opularis, Cic., is the manner «y‘
speak ing of the people , and dictum
p opulare , a say ing , a word ty'
the people.— STYLUS , properly 0 pina nciently used in wr iting on tables of wax . Ver tit stylum in tabulissuis . Cic. Styli acumen . Id . Figura tively S tyle, manner of wr iting .
Unus enim sonus est totius o rationis, et idem stylus. Cic. Ora
t iones Attico stylo scr iptae. Id . The sty le relates to the author.
839 . D iducere. Der ivare .
Di DUCERE, (d iversim d ucere) to lead to divers parts, to divideinto sundry pa rts or places . D imittendae p lures manus, d id ucendique erant p lures milites. Cic. In contrarias partes d id ucere. Liv.— DERIVARE , (f rom rivus ) to change the course (f water . Ab aliquoaquam de rivare . Plaut. Figuratively D icamnon d er ivand i criminiscausa. Cic. Alio reSponsionem suam non d er ivavit. Id .
840 . Dies h ie. Dies haze.Dues, masculine, is genera lly sa id if afixed day wevery seld om
199
find in Cicero dies .p rima, secunda, &c. but commonly di es te rtius ,quartus , &c. I t is always of themascul ine gender in the p lura l number .
~Dies meus, di es tuns , have a s ign ifi cation peculia r to themselves,and worthy of notice the day on wh ich myf ever returns, your fevercomes again . Cura utvaleas ; puto enim diem tuum h eri fuisse. Cic.
— DIES , in the feminine gender, is sa id of time, of an indeterminateday. Dies longavidetur opus d ebentibus. H or .
841 . D iesf asti. D iesf esti. Festivitas .
DIES FAST I, p leading days, on wh ich the Preetor might hea r the
contending parties, and admin isterj ustice. Fastus crit per quem legel icebit uti. Ovid .
— DIES FEST I, days consecrated to relig ious worsh ip .
Act i et institut i dies fest i . Cic.— FEST I V ITAS is not used bygood au
thors to s ign ifya f estival i t s ignifies mi rth , p leasantness , goodin speak ing . Festivitate et venustate conj uncta vis d icend i c.
Festivitatem sermonis debet h abere narrat i o . Id .
D IFFERRE, diversim fe rre ) to ca rry up and down, to scatter abroad.
Insepulta mem ra di ffe rent lup i. H or . F'
uratively Difi'
er ri laetitiaet d oloribus. Ter .
— DEFERRE, (fe rre e ) to ca rry or bring from.
one place to anoth er. Natos ad flumina p rimum d efer imus. Virg.
Figura tively Deferr i in errorem. Cic. H onorem alicui d efer re. Id .
Maj estatis dela tas est, Tac., He was accused Qf h igh treason.- EF
F ERRE, (fe rre 6) to ca rry away , to ta ke mj‘
. Eiferre ex acie saucios.Cic. fi gura tively Verecund iam secum cfl
'
er re. Cic. I t is sa id ofraising up . Ut belli s ignum Laurent i Turnus ab arce ex tulit . Virg.
In th is sense Cicero sa id Ager qui multos annos quievit, uber ioresefi
‘
erre fruges solet. Figuratively Patr iam d emersam efl'
erre. Cic.
Verb is aliquem efl'
erre. Id . Efi'
er ri iracund ia, odi o , d olore . Id .
PERFERRE, to ca rry , to bea r, to convey . Cum has ad te quamp rimumlitteras perferr i magnOperé vellemus. Cic. Figuratively Quia noluistis vestrum ferre bonum, malump e rfette . Ph aed . Est j usvetandi ,cfim ea lex feratur , quand iunon perfertur . Cic.
— REFERRE, ( rursn‘
i s
or retro ferre) to br ing aga in, to ca rry back . Cum ex agris segetesdowum referrent. Tac. Ped em referre, Cass , To g ive ground, tofl ee.
Figuratively O re aliquem referre, Virg ., To bea r a li keness to one.
Alicui fructum d iligentiae referre. Cic. In commentar ium reiet t e .
D IFFERRE, as we consider it here, and PROFERRE, s ignify to postpone, to def er, to put Qfl
'
; with th is d ifl'
er ence, that d ifi'
erre is to put oft ill anoth er time, whether the time had been p reviouslyfir ed upon or not,wher eas p rofer re is
'
to postpone beyond a p refixed time. Quare omnemh anc d isputationem in adventum tuum d ifi
'
ero . Cic. Ven it tempusita maturum, ut d ifl
'
er r i j am h ora non p ossit. Id . Quod s i latius v0lent p roferre diem, poterunt vel bid uumvel triduum. Id .
844. Difi‘icilis. Laboriosas. Operosus.
Dmmcrms , d ifiicult, ha rd. Contortae res et d ifficiles. Cic . N ih iltamd ifficile
, quin quaerendo investigar i possit. Ter . Parens in lib erosd iflicilis . Cic.
— LABORI O S US is sa id of a man oppressed withf atigue,and qf d th ing g iving much pa in and f atigue. Qui magnos dolores
200
perferunt, h os nonmiseros, sed labo riosos solemus d icere . Cic. Nihilaboriosiusmolestiusque p rovincia. Id .
—OP£ aosus, active,much labour . Senectus Operosa , et semp er agens ali quid .
res Oper osa est. Id . Divxtiee operosiores . H or .
845.
‘
Difi'
ringere. Dirumpere.
D i es nmcann, (diver sim frange re ) to break in p ieces. Crura berculé d iffringentur .Plaut .
— D IRUMPERE, d iversim ramp ere ) to brea kof ,to tear in pieces. Rupes d irup tae. Liv. Is d irup tis tabellis , d ecircul o se subduxit. Cic. Figuratively : Dirumpi To
gr ieve to death . Dirumpere societatem, amicitias . Id .
846. Diglad iar i. Confl igere. Dimicare.
D I GLAD IARI , (f rom glad ius ) pr operly, to fight with swords, tof ence. Figurat ively to come to blows . .D iglad iar i cum aliquo volumin ibus . Cic. De aliqua re digladiari. Id . I t is sa id of a warmd ispute.— CONFLIGERE, (f rom the obsolete fligere, and cum) to dash , tostrike one aga inst another, to fi ght closely . V ent i confi igunt. Virg.
Confligere acie. Cic. Figura tively Ipsze causa: inter se confiigunt,Cic. , The causes contradict one another. Confiigunt inter se leges et
colliduntur .m L— D IMICARE, ( diversimmicat e ) p roperly , tomakethe sword s gl itter, to figh t. D imicare
sgllad iis. Virg. Dimicare ex
presses less than confli gere. Speravit ii em se COp iis cum il lo p osseconfligere, quibuscum ego noluissem d imicare . Cic. FigurativelyD imicanti de famad eesse , C . Nep ., To abanyt
on one whose reputat ionis a ttacked. Diglad iari obstinati an imi est,
'
et pervicacis ; confiigere,f ervi di et impavidi ; d imicare, fortis et an imosi . G. D .
847. Dignitas. Dignatio.
D IGN ITA S , tha t which makes one worthy of something, merit, d ig‘
nity, nobil ity ,maj esty . Tueri suam d ign itatem, Cic . , To suppor t one
'
s
rank. Amplissimos d ignitatis gradus ad ipisci, Id ., To p rove ,one’
s
self worthy of the highest dign ities . Dign itas consularis , Id The d ignityty
'
consul . It would not be improper to say, Cato repulsam consula
tfis passus , h abuit d ignitatem consularem,l icet consulatumnon ha
b eret . G. D . H on ores non petiit, cum ei paterent p roptervel gratiam, vel d ignitatem. C. Nep . Dign itas o ris , Cic. , Maj estic looks .
D IGNAT IO , the idea one has (J ane’
s mer i t, esteem,and rega rd. In
d ignationem pr incip is p e rvenir e . To become g reat in the es teem of thep ri nce. Di nati o conciliavit ei h anc uxorem. Ter . Dignati o auxxt
invidiam. I Dignitas conciliat d ignationem. G. D .
848 . Dignitas . Existimatio.
Dxcmr s s , synonymous with EXI ST IMAT IO , is the.
cause, and ex
is timatio the ej’ect. Quod sentiebam et d ignitati et exxsh matl on i tum
conducere . Cic. In d ignitate , says Popma , inest splendor ; m EX IStl
matione laus vi rtutis no ta et testata.
849 . Digr essus . Discessus.
-D I GRESSUS , (from diversim grad ior ) departure, sepa ration :.
it is
con ressus. Congr essus n ostr i lamentationem pert imui ,ver non tulis sem. Cic. Ut p rimum a tuo d igressu Bo
mamveni . Id — s cz ssus , (diversim ced ere ) a depar ting , a gowg
emplorum p rolatio. Id .— PROCRA ST I NAT IO , (f romp ro and eras )
a putting of to the next day, or f rom day to day. Cfim plerisquein rebus gerend is tard itas et procrastinatio odiosa est, time 11 0 0 bellum ind iget celeritatis. Cic. Dilatio est re i gerendaa; p rolatio , j amcaeptae ; p rocrastinatio est h omin is p igri, aut inviteali qui d facturi .G. D .
854. D imetiri . Emetir i .
D IMET IRI , (d iversimmetirigto measure onmfi fl ent sid es , tomea
sur e as surveyors do. Mori v1 ebamus in studi o d ametlend l penecml i atque terraa C. Gallum. Cic. Figuratively D imetiuntur dx
g itis p eccata. Cic.— EMET IRI , to measure out. It is more used in the
fi gurative sense. Emetir i longum iter, Liv., To travel over a long
20
6321 . Oculis spatium emensus. Virg. Ego voluntatem tibi emetiar ,rem ipsam nondfim p ossevid eor , Cic . , I Qfi
'
er youmygood will,but amnotyet able to answer f or success.
855. D iminuer e. l nzminuere. Comminuere.
D IMI NUERE, (minuere d e or diversim) to lessen by break ing intovery small pieces. Diminuam ego caput tuum h od ienis i absis . Ter .Figuratively To diminish , to retrench . De b onis alicuj us diminuere. Cic. Quod d iminutum quicquam sit ex reg iap otestate . Liv.— IMMI NUERE, (minuere in ) to weaken, to innpa ir , to make sma ller .Imminuere summam, Cic., To make a sum of money sma ller, to abatepa rt of it. Imminuere auctoritatem suam. Id . Vi olat e atque imminuere j us cc oflicium. Id .
— COMMI NUERE. to bruise or crumpleinto small p ieces. Da comminuenda molis, Ovid ., Have it groundin themill. S tatuam commiuuere. Cic. Figuratively Re familiaric omminut i sumas. Cic. Lacrymis comminué re me is, Ovid ., You
sha ll be moved to p ity bymy tears . Avaritia comminuit atque vi olatoflicium. Cic. Imminuere may be opposed to augere , amplificare ;d iminuere to ad dere ; comminuere to coagmentaxe .
856. Dirigere. D igerere. Ordinare. Disponere. D ispensare.
DI RIGERE, (d iversim regere ) to set in a rray , to range. In quincuncem dirigere o rd ines arborum. Cic. Acies d ir iguntur pari utr in
gue spe. Tac. Figuratively : Haec omn ia ad civitatis rati onem si
irigas , recta sun t si ad disciplines p razcepta perpendas , reper iun
tur p ravissima . C ic.—D IGERERE, (d iversim gerere ) to ca rry to d if
ferent parts , to dispose in order. Qumcunquem foliis d escr ipsit carmina Vi rgo d iger it in numerum. Virg. In the like sense we say d igerere cibum, becaus e the stomach conveys the a liments to al l parts 4the body . Figuratively B ige retemandata , C ic. , To fulfil exactlyand orderly the commands of any one. B ige re t e Rempublicam, Id .,
To settle the afl'
airs of the Republ ic, to rule i t. Itad iger it ommaCalch as. Virg.
— ORD I NARE, to put into order. Ordinare mil ites.Liv. Figurat ively : Ord inare res publicas. H oe. Litem ordinare ,Cic . , To prepare such th ings as are requisi te to the hearing of a cause.— D I SPONEuE, (d iversim p onere ) to dispose, to set in d iflerent pa rts.V igilias per urbem disp onere . Liv. Libros confusos d isp onere. Cic.
Figuratively Consilia in omnem for tunam j am d isposita h abebat.Liv.— DISPENSARE, ( f rom d ivers im and pensare,
'
j requentative ofp endere ) properly to distr ibute by weigh ing. Disp ensare saccum
203
seque“
; p rop or tione. Col . F iguratively . To disp ense, to set in or der .Tfim qua: dispensant mortalia fata sorores. Vi rg. Disp ensare resdomesticas . Cic. Disp ensare atque disp onere inventa momentaquodam atque judici o . Id .
857. Diruere. Eruer e.
D IRUERE, (d iversim w ere ) to overthr ow. Jam frago r tectorum,
quae d iruebantur , ultimis urb is artibus aud iebatur . Liv. Diruit,wdificat, mutat quadrata rotun is . H or .
- ERUERE, (w ere é ) to
p luck, root, or tear up . Sus rostro semina eruit . Ovid . Eruere
quercum. Virg. Figuratively : Aliqu id ex tenebr is eruere. Cic.
Und é h oc argumentum ernisti ? Id .
858 . D iscere. Addiscere. Ed iscer e. Per d iscer e.
D I SCERE, to acqui re the knowledge of th ings one was ignorant of.Tandi il discendum est quand it
‘
i nescias. Sew— Anmscenn, to learnmore. S olon gloriari solebat, se quot idi e al iquid ad d iscentem se
nem fier i. Cic.— ED I SCERE, to learn by hea rt. Exercend a est me
moria ed iscend is ad verbum quam plurimis et nostris scr ip tis, et
alienis. Cic.— FERD I SCERE, to learn perf ectly . Voluntatem discend i
s imul cum spe perdiscendi amis isti . Cic.
859 . D iscernere. Distinguere . Secernere.
DISCERNERE, (d ivers im cemere ) to discern, not to mistake one
th ing for anoth er . Alba ab atris di scernere . Cic . D iscernere utrapars j ustiorem h abeat causam. Id — D i sTxNGUERE, (f rom diveand the obsolete stinguo , to mar k ) to diversify , to distinguish , both inthe p roper and figurative sense. Dist inguere gemmis pocula. Cic.
Distinguere h isto riamvarietate locorum. Id . Vera afalsis distinguere . Id .
— SECERNERE, (seorsim cemere ) to separate one froman
other . E grege secemere . Liv. Publica p rivatis secemere. Hor .
V olup tatem abone secemere. Cic. Conj unctas res aut s imul pos itas ita d iscernit aliquis, ut singulas vid eat ; d istinguit, ut p rop riisn o tis aut d efinition ibus insignitas agnoscat, aut aliis ostendat ; se
cermit ut quidp iama ca ter is divisam maneat . G. D .
860. D iscessio. Secessia.
D i scz ss ro , (d iversim cede re ) a division, a parting . Si eveniat,quod D ii p roh ibeant, d iscess io , Ter . , Should a divorce take p lacewh ich God f orbid . D iscessio facta in ej us sententiam, Cic. , Everyone agreed to h is op inion.
—SECES S IO , (seorsim cedere ) a secess ion, agoing aside, a retir ing apart. Secessionem tu illam ex istimasti,Cwsar , in iti o, non bellum. Cic . Sed uctiones test ium, secessiones
subscriptorum animadver ti. Id . Secessionem facere , To be
by one'
s -self . D iscessionem facere , Cic To part in order to go tovote.
861 . Discipl ina. Doctr ina . Documentam.
DISC I PL I NA , (f rom d iscere ) the instruction wh ich the disciple r eceives f rom h is master. Anaxagoras accep it ab Anaximene d iscip linam. Cic. O discipl inam quam amaj oribus accep imus ! Id .
DoC'
r nmA , (f rom doce re ) instruction relating to the teach er . Doctr maap retium triste magi ster h abet. Ovid . Illud adj ungo swp ifis
ad laudem atquevirtutem naturam sine doctrina, quam sine natura,d octr inamvaluisse. Cic. I t is
'
a lso sa id of lea rning , erudition. Inmaximis occupationibus nunquam i ntermittere studia d octr inae. Cic.
Omn i doctrina et virtute ornatissimus h omo . Id .—DOCUMENTUM,
a document, a lesson, a proof . Et m posterum d ocumentum statuer em, ne quis tal em amentiamvellet imi tar i . Cic. Documentumvirtutis et p rudent ia . Id . Quarum ego rerummax imeh aec documentah abeo . Sall. Magistri doctr ina moribusque p raelucentes tradi tosmd isciplinam pueros utilibus semp er d ocumentis informant . G. D .
862. D iscors. D iscord iosus .
D I scons , discordant, j arr ing, in the pr oper and thefigurative sense.Non amb itione, non contentione d iscordes. Cic. Concordia disc o rs. H or . Arma di scordia. Virg. Venti di scordes . Ovi d. D is
co rs is sa id of the very act, and D i sconmosus of the habit ; con
tentions, inclined to discard . Nam vulgus , uti plerumque solet, et
maximeN umidarum, ingeni o mob ili , sed itiosum atque discordiosnmerat . Sall.
863. Discr imen. D issimilitudo. Difierentia . Discr epantia . D iversitas.D I SCRIMEN , (fi om d iversim ce rnere )
.
that wh ich sepa ra tes, or dis tinguishes oly
’
ects. Duo maria p ertenni d iscrimine separata. Cic.
Leth i d iscrimine parvo . Virg. I n a sh ip peop le are separated f romdea th on ly by planks . Iste omn ium rerum discr imen p ecun ia sustulit . Cic. l i t os Rutulusve fuat, nullo discrimine h abebo . Virg .
D I SS IM ILI TUDO is the d ifl'
erence that is remarked between ind ividua ls ,or moral olj ects of the same kind, which can be compa red together . Utin corpor ibus magma d issimil itud ines sunt, sic in an imis exi stunt
maj ores varietates. Cic. G enus institutorum et rationum mearumd issimilitud inem nonnullam h abet cum ill ins admin istratione. Id .
DIFFERENT I A , ( f rom d iversim ferre ) the d ifl‘
er ence that is f ound between the essences of th ings of divers g enera or species . Difi
‘
erentia
supposes a compar ison Qf th ings, thatprevents confusion , and d iss imiIitud o implies a compar ison of th ings having no resemblance. Differentia h onesti et decori . Cic. Ita fi t, ut quanta d ifi
‘
erentia est in
p rincip i is naturalibus , tanta sit in finibus b onorummal orumque d iss imil itud o . Id .
— D I SCR £ PANT IA , ( from d iversim crepare ) properlya noise, a difl
'
er ent sound, a def ect in ha rmony. Ut 1n fidibus aut in
tibiis, quamvis paululum d iscrepent , tamen a sci ente id animadvertis olet. C ic. Figurat ively : Contradiction, va riance, disagreement. Discrepantia scr ip ti et voluntatis. Cic. Rerum et verborurn d isere
pant ia . 1d . Magma est inte r corpus et animum d ifl'
erentia ; mi raest ingeniorumd issimilitud o ; apud Roman os nobilium et plebeio rum in gentibus ac nominibus, finium autem et possessionum eratin lap idibus d iscr imen. G. D.
— D 1vnnsx'r A s , ( d iversimvertere ) d ivers ity . Diversitas in eniorum. Plin . Ocul i in h omine numerosissimm d iversitatis et
'
fl’
erentiae. Id .
864. Discrimen. Per iculum.
D I SCRIMEN , synonymous with p e riculum, s ign ifi es an imminentda nger, a crisis. Ad extrema Reipublicaa discrimina delectus . Cic.
Adduci 1n discrimenvitae . Id P PERICULUM, ( fi om neipa , an essay.an experiment) p er il, danger, r isk, essay , exper iment . I t may then
206
D ERE, (plodere sub ) to stamp on theground, tomake a great noise withthefl at.
‘
Pedem nemo in illo judici o supplosit . Cic. Supplosio
ped is in contentionibus aut incip iend is aut finiendis. Id .
869 . D ispositio. Ordo. Series.
DI SPOS IT I O , (d iversim p onere ) disposition, setting in order . Dis
p ositi o est d istr ibutio ord inum. Cic . Disp ositio est or do et d istri
buti o rerum, quee d emonstrat quid quibus in locis collocand um. Id .
— ORDO,order, rank, company. O rd inem sic d efiniunt , com ositi
ouem rerum ap tis et accommodatis locis. Cic. Afi‘
ert max ime umenmemoriae ord o . Id . Commisit extra ord inem b ella multa Pompeius.Id . Terno consurgunt ordine remi . Virg. Ord o Publicanorum.
C ic. Uno ordine h abere omnes. V irg. In ord inem redigere , Plin .,
To humble or degrad l i— SER I ES , f rom serere ) a series, a concatenation , a course, a tra in (y th ings. Immensa seri es laborum. Ovid .
Est admirabilis quaedam continuatio ser iesque rerum, ut alia ex al iaannexa, et omnes inter se aptae colligatzeque vid eantur . Cic. Inte rannos se ri es est ver ifis quam ord o . lVevery p rop er ly say, innumerabilis annorum seri es, but annorum ordo would be imp roper ; ordoequestr is, but never equestris seri es.
870. D ispunger e. D iscr iminare.
D I SPUNGERE, (f rom punctum) to sepa rate by points or pr icks.Dispunge , et recense vitae tuae dies. Sen . N eque quisquam ele
gantius int ervalla negoti o rum otio d ispunx it. Vell. Pan— D I SCR I
M INARE, to divide or part. H etruriam d iscriminat App iavia . Cic.
Vigiliarum somnique nec d ie nec n octe discriminata temp ora. Liv.Discriminamus res unap ositas aut conj unctas , ut in re continuad iversee partes aut regi ones appareant d ispungimus rati ones, ut con.feramus accep ta et expensa . G. D .
871 . D ispunger e rationes. Erpungere ra tiones.
D I SPUN GERE RAT I ONES , to set down an account, to balance it, to
compare the receipt with the expenses . Apud me istec accep torumexpensorumque rati ones di spunguntur . Sen.
—EXPUNGERE RAT I ONBS , to settle on account. Rati ones subscr ip tze et expuncta . H er
mog.
872. Disputare. Disser ere. D isccptare.
DISPUTARE , (d iversim putare ) to argue a ma tter, to dispute asph ilosopher s do . Disputare d e onmi re in contrarias partes . Cic.
Disputare d e al iu re cum aliquo . Id .— D IS SERERE, (d iversim se
rere ) to discourse on a subj ect at some length . Quee S ocrates de immo rtalitate an imo rum d isseruit . Cic. Quee disputavi , d issereremalui , quam judicare . Id . Disputabant, ego contra d isserebam.
Id .— D I SCEPTARE, (f rom 675, and axémoua x, to examine ) to discuss
the reasons in a controverted matter , in order to come to a decis ion .
Discep tare controversias . Cic. De fced erum j ure verb is d isceptare . Liv. Figuratively In uno praelio omnis fortune. Reipublicaed isceptat, Cic.
, That ba ttle will a lone determine the fa te of the Republic.
873 . Disseminare . D ispergere .
DIS SEM INARE, (d iversim seminare, from semen ) to sow up and
207
down : it is more commonly used in thefi gurative sense. Latins Opin i one disseminatum estmalum. Cic.
_—DISPERGERE, (d iversim spar
gere ) to sp read a broad, to disperse. Cur mo rt ife ra tammulta tet ramar ique Deus d isperser it . Cic. Membra par ticulatim d ividi t , perque agros pass im d ispergit co rpus. Id . Figura tively Disp ergerevitam in auras , Virg . , To die. Longe latéque d ispersum bellum.
Cic. Ne disseminate dispersoque se rmon i cred atis. Id .
874. D issensio . Dissid ium. Discordia . D ivis io . Abruptio .
D I S SEN S I O , (diversim sentir e ) properly a contrary op in ion, d if'
erence g
”
sent iment. Fuit inter per itissimos h omines summa d e jured issensio . C ic. Veh ementer interfuit Reipublicae nullam in ejusmod i causa dissensionern esse . Id . I t a lso s ignifi es &csension , va riance. Non p otestatum d issimilitudo , sed animorum d isj unctio dissensionem fecit. Cic.
— D I S S ID IUM, (from d is and sedere ) separat ion, breach of concord. Valeant qui inter nos d issid iumvolunt. Ter .Ut h oc dis sidio ac dissensi one facta, opp idum in p otestate p osseth ab ere . Cic. Ne qua an imorum dissid ia fiant . Id .
— DISCORD IA ,(diversim cor ) discord, opposition of sentiments and qfl
'
ections. Dis
cordia est ira acerbior intimo odio et corde concepta. Cic. Od ia,dissid ia, discord ia. Id . Si inter nos esset for tassé aliqua d issensio ,max imas in Republica d iscordias versar i necesse est. Id . Conco r
d ia res parvae crescunt, disco rdia maximze d ilabuntur . Sall.— DI
V l sxo , from d is and the Hetrurian word iduere, to divide) partit ion ,
distribution . Scrupulosé in partes facta divisi o . Quint. Quadri
part ita divis i o . C ic . Divisi o is never used as synonymouswith dissensio , d issidium, discordia. Ex dissensionibus p lerumque nascuntur
d iscord iaz, et nonnunquam b ella exard escunt . - ABRUPT I O, (rum
p ere ab ) (1 rup ture, a break ing . Corr igiw abrupt i o . Cic. Figuratively a divorce : Ista quam scribis abrup ti o , Cic., speaking ifTerentia
’
s divorce. .
875. D issoci are . D isj unger e.
D i ssocmnn, (d iversim sociare ) to break company , to dissolvef ellowsh ip . Dissociare tir onem s veterano . Tac . FigurativelyDissimilitud o morum d issociat amicitias. Cic. Dissociatis an imiscivium. Id .
— D I SJUNGERE, (d iversim j ungere ) to disj oin , to pa rt.Bos disj unctus , H or . , An unyoked ox . Disj ungere amamma, Varr . ,
To wean a ch i ld. Figuratively Mores longissimé ascelere d isj uncti.Cic. Copulata et conj uncta d isj ungimus 5 p repinquos et mercatores d issociant .p r ivata commoda . G. D .
876. Dissuer e. D iscindere . D issolvere.D I SSUERE, (d iver sim suere ) to unsew , to unstitch . Dissuto pec
tus ap erta s inu . Ovid. Figur a tively Dissuere amicitias . Cic.
DISC INDERE, (diversim scindere ) to rend in p ieces . D iscindi t amictus . Ovid . Figuratively : Tales amicitiae d issuend ae magis, quamdiscindend ze sunt. Cic.
— DISSOLVERE, (d iversim solvere ) to unbind,to dissolve . Facilius est apta dissolvere , quam d issipate. connectere.
C ic. Ascend it navem, quam tempestas h orrida s imul et vetustasmed ic d issolvit mari . Ph aad . Figura t ively Dissolvere amicitias .
C10 . Frans distringit, non d issolvit perj urium,Id ., We sayDissol
vere ees alienum, p oenam, &c. because debts and a fi ne are a bond.
877. Distantia. Intervallum. Spatium.
D I STANT I A , (d iversim stare ) a distance. Longissimi distantiafin es. Cic. fi gurat ively : Tanta est inter eos, quanta maxima esse
p otest, mo rum studj orurnque distantia . Cic.— INTERVALLUM , a
space between . In G e ometr ia inte rvalla et magnitud ines . Cic . Pi
guratively Quantum inte rvallum sit interj ectum inter Maj orumnostrorum cons il ia, et isto rum d ementiam. Liv.— SPAT I UM ,
a space,an ex tent. Silvestr ia spatia. Cic. Emetiri spatium oculis. Virg . I t
is sa id of time in a figurative sense. Spatiurn vita . Cic. Spatiumquinque d ierum. Liv.
878 . Distr ibuere. Dispertire.
D i sr nrnnnnn, (diversim tr ibuere) to distribute . D istribuere im
p eria. Cic. Distr ibuere temp o ra commoda peregr inationis. Id .
Distribuere exerciturn in p lures civitates. Ca s .— D 1 5PERT 1RE, (d i
versim par tiri , f rom pars ) to share , to portion out, to divide amongstseveral. ZEqnab iliter pra d am d ispert ire . Cic. D ispertire exercitum
per opp ida. Liv. Temp ora volup tatis labor isque d isper tire. Cic.
Figuratively Tot in curas d ispertiti eorum an imi erant . Liv.
879 . Divellere. Distrahere.
DIVELLERE, (diversimvellere ) to pull asunder . Artus divelleremorsu. Ovi d . Divellere conglutinationes. Cic . Figuratively : Divellere commoda civium. Cic. Cura divellit somn os . Hon— D i s
TRAH ERE; (diversim trah ere ) to draw d ifi'
er cnt ways . Turbatis
d istractus equ is. V i rg. N emo eum ame d ivellat aut dis trah at. Cic.
Ut ab h is memb ra divell i citius et d istrabi p osse d iceres . Id . Figu
r atively Nec divelli nee distrahi possunt svolup tate. Cic. B istrah ere controversies , Id ., To terminate, to
’
put an end to contestations.
D istrahi negotiis. Id .
‘ Reli quias vita d istrah ere. Id . In delibe
rando distrah itur an imus. Id . Distrah ere denotes a greater efl’
or t
than divellere .
880. D iversor ium. Hospi tium. Hosp italitas. D iver ticulurn.
D I V ERSORIUM, (diversim ve rtere ) the pla ce wh ere one stops in a
j ourney, either at one'
s own house, or at a friend'
s. Mul td libentius
emer im d iversorium Terracina , nec semp er h ospiti molestus sim.
Cic. Mutandus locus est, et d iversor ia n ota p ra teragendus equus .
H or . Figuratively Diversorium flag i tiorum et nequitia . Cic.
H OSPIT IUM , a house to receive and enterta in strang ers . As public innswere not es tablished amongst the ancients, they went to lodge at their
fr iends’
, whom in return theywelcomed on a s imila r occasion. Totafamilia occurret, h osp itio invitab it. Cic. Te. h ospitio agresti accip iemus . Id . H osp itium exp resses a lso tha t k ind of fi iendship bywhich
people‘
acqui red the recip rocal r igh t of calling on th eir f riends for a
lodging , the righ t tyr h ospes. CumLycone es t quidemmih i h osp i tium,
quam ego necessitud inem sancté colendam puto . Cic. Vetusti jureh OSp itii. Liv.— H o sp rr ALtr A s , hosp ita l ity , the act of enter ta iningstrangers kindly. Recté s Th e0ph rasto laudata est h ospitalitas ; estenimvalde dec orum pate re d omos h 0minum illustr i
'
urn illus tribus
h ospitibus . Cic.— DIVERT ICULUM
, (divers imvertere ) a turni
g, a
by-
path . Diverticula, et anfractus , et sufi'
ugia qua rere. Quint. ua
D ividere denotes the separation of a whole into s imple parts . Dividerea qualiter in duas partes. Cic.
— SEPARARE , to separa te. lI/Esepa ratethings we wish to r eritove onef rom anoth er . Ista verc‘i qua tu contexi
vis,aliud quod dam separatumvolumen expectant. Cic. Virtus ipsa
p er se suz‘
i Sp onte , separata etiam utilitate , laud ab ilis . Id . Quoniamvera afalsis nullo discrimine separantur . Id .
— DIR IMERE, (f rom d iver sim, and emere , tha t anciently s ignified to take from properly to
part. H ispaniam a Gal liaPyrena i montes d irimunt. a s . Figuratively To break of an un ion, or to make an end by a decisi on . Con
nub i um d irimere . Liv. Pacem dirimere . Cic. Controversiam di rimere. Id . Concilium dirimere . Sall. Pra lium dirimere . Liv.
885. Divinare. Vaticinar i.
DIV I NARE, to divine, to conj ecture, to f oresee . Non equid em 110 0divinavi , sed aliquid tale putavi Tore . Cic. Divinare de b elli d iuturnitate, Id . , To foresee the dura tion of the waT.
—VA T IC I NARI , quasifaticinar i , fata canere ) to p rop hesy , tof or etel th ings to come. mped oclemcarminibus G ra cis vaticinatum ferunt . C ic. Vaticinari per
furo rem, ut Sibyllam. Id . I t is sa id of f oretelling j alse th ings. Sed
ego fortassis vaticinor , et h a c omn ia meliores h abebunt ex itus . Cic.
Eos autem qui d icerent d ignitati esse serviend um, Reipublica con
sulend nm, vaticinar i atque insan ire dicebat. Id .
886. Divine. Divinitits.
DIVI NE, divinely, wonderfully . Qua Tullius in oratore d ivine, utomnia, exequitur . Qumt. —D IV I N I TUS , by divine inspi ration, by a
g ift if God . Qua d ivinitus accid unt. Cic. Non partum per nos, sedd ivinitus ad nos oblatum. Id . C icero has used these two words p r omiscuously.
887. Divinus . Propheta .
D I V I NUS , a diviner, one that discovers h idden th ings.-PROPH ETA ,
(f rom npb and Wb‘il' The p rophet foretells what is to happen. Divination hasfor its obj ect wha t is present and what is past ; prophecy r e
lates to wha t is to come. Veteres antistites fanorum oracul orumqueinte rp retes proph etas dicebant.Fest. H oc loco Ch rysippus a stuansfalli sperat Chalda os ca terosque d ivin os. Cic.
888 . D ivor tium. Repudiam.
D I VORT IUM, (d iversimvertere ) pr operly, a separation of thingsthat turn d ifi
'
erent ways. Prope i sis j ugis ad d ivortia aquarutncastra posui t. Liv. Figuratively a c autem ut ex Apennino flu
minum, sic ex commun i sap ientium jugo sunt facta d octrinarum divortia. Cic. Divortium, takenfor a divorce, is sa id of the husband andw if e. N ih il est bonestius quamqubd cummimafecit d ivor tium. C ic.
Vale ria divor tium sine causafecit . Id . It is used in general for any
fa lling out or separation. Sa pé fieri divost in atque aflinitatum d issidia.
Cic.— REPUD IUM, a putting away of one
’
s wife . Repud ium renunciare. Ter. Repud ium est, cum sponsus s sponsii d ir imitur ; d ivort iumvero, ubi vir et ux o r matrimoni o solvun tur, according to lawyei s. G.D.
889. D iurnus. Quotid ianas .
Dmnnvs, (f rom dies ) that returns every day, andfi lls up the
whale ry“ it. Diumi nocturnique lab ores. Cic. Diurnum noctur
numque spat ium. Id . Acta urb is diurna, Tac., The records of what
happens every dayin a town, the j ournal of a lozvnF -QUOT ID I ANO S ,daily , tha t happens every d ay ; but without lasting the whole of theday. Se rmo quo tidianus et familiaris. Cic. Victus quotidianus . Id .
890. Diut inus. D iuturnus.
D IUT INUS , (f romd in) continual . Ta d ium d iutina servitutis .
Cic. Diutinus lab o r. Ca s .— D 1UTURNUS , if long continuance. Nec
s imulatum quicquam p otest esse d iutur num. Cic. Diuturnum bellum is a war qf long duration ; and diutinum bellum, a continualwar .
89 1 . Docere. Edocere. Per d ocer e. Erud ire.
DOCERE, to teach , to instruct. Rem qua r itis pra claram j uventutiad di scendum, nec mih i d ifficilem ad d ocendum. Cic. Docere litt eras. Id . Docebo h a c omn ia esse vera. Id .
— EDOCERE, not onlyto teach , to instruct, but a lso tomake one lea rn , tomake one acquaintedwith. Quimeam causam prud entibus commendar it, imper itos edocuerit. Cic. Senatum edocet d e itinere. Sall. Docet would be lessenergetic.
— PERDOCERE, to teach perfectly, to instruct thoroughl Res
d ifficiles ad perd ocend um. Cic. Pi e rides perdocuére te. (ind .
ERUD I RE, (f rom rudis ) to initiate to a certa in knowledge . Stud iososd iscendi erudiunt atque docent. Cic. Oratorem erudire in jure civili .‘
Id . Erudi re ad Deorum cultum. Id . Docere atque erudit ej uventutem. Id
"
.
892. Docilis. Tractabilis .
Docrms, docile, teacha ble, apt to lear n. O med icum suavem,meque d ocilem ad h anc disciplinam Cic . O the sweet phow submiss ive I am to h is p rescrip tions ! Facere j ud icemI d .
, To make a j udge attentive and f avourable. Docilis est is qui att ente vult audi re . Id .
-TRACTAB ILI S , ( from tractare) tractable,tha t may be f elt or handled. Corporeum et tractabile. Cic. Figur atively Gentle, qu iet, pliable . Tractabile ca lum. Virg. Mare tractabile nantis.
.Ovid . Virtus in ,amici tia tenera et tractab ilis. Cic.
N ih il eo h omine tractab ilius . Id .
893. Doctor . Mag ister . Prceceptor . Pa dagogus.
DOCTOR, from d ocere ) is a master who teaches an art or a sciencethis name was
.
only given to onewho had taught, or was actually teaching . Pana tius Possidonii docto r, d iscipulus Antipatr i. ,
Cic. Summus ille doctor istius disciplina Ap ollonius. Id .
—MAG I STER
I
waS
sa id Qf h imwho had authority, and j oined example to h is lessons ; so
tha twithout spea king , and even after death, a man m'
ht be magister.Magiste rvirtutis. Cic. Magister societatis. Id . Du et magiste rad faci endum aliquid. Id . We may sayvery pr op erly, Roman i Gracos habuerunt d icendi doctores, quosdam ex iis etiam n onnull i s ib imagistros adsciverunt. G. D .
— Paa cnp r on (f rom p t a ci ere ) ‘
wash e w ho gave instructions f or conduct in life. Art ium liberzilium man tl
’
l , et vivendi p ra cep tores. Orig inally , d octor and p ra gep torwere used in thevery same meaning . Neque disjuncti d octdres, sedndem erantvivendi pra cep tores atque d icendi . Cic.
—PE DAGOGO S ,fromnai ls, and avyew, to conduct) hewho has the care of govern ing
P 2
and attend ing ch ildren. Dil igend i sunt paedagogi, ut nutrices . Cic.
Pe d agogi p rob itas, etmedici assiduitas. Id .
894. D octus. Eruditas . Per itus.
DOCTUS , a lea rned man, a man skilful in some pr inciples or science,one who knows the causes and reason of th ings. In quo nunquamfuitpopulo cum d octis intelligentibusque dissensio . Cic. Antiquissimumé d octis genus p oe
’
taram. Id . c apud doctos semi-doctus ipsepercurro . Id .
— ERUD I TUS , (f rom rudis ) a knowing rnan, especia llyin li terature. Erudj tus est qui omn ibus bon is artibus p olitus est.
Cic. Doctus h omo et imp rimis eruditus. Id . Doctusvir , et Graecislitter is enud itus. Id . Erud itus knows many th ings , and doctus knowsthemwell.— PER 1 TUS , (f rom netpa
'
w, t ento ) a learned man whoj o insexp erience to knowledge, and is acqua inted with the p r inciplesf romwh ich consequences ar e to be drawn . H omo doctus, vel etiam usu
p eri tus. Cic. Itaque cum sun t d octi aper itis , desistunt faciles sent eutia. Id .
895.,Domare. Subigere.
DOMARE , (from daudw, to subdue ) to make one’
s-selfmaster of, toovercome . Servitiavirtute victor iaque d omuit . Cic. FigurativelyLatins regues avidum domando spir itum. H on— Summu m, (ageresub ) to urge on, to shove on. Ratem cont o subigere. Virg. Figuratively to force, to bring into sulg
'
ection. Subigit fater i . Virg. Quosa rmis subegimus. Cic. Nulla est gens, quaa aut ita subacta sit, ut
vix ex tet, aut ita domita , ut quiescat. Id . Subacti et bello domiti .Id . G ermani vieti magis quam domiti . Fl or .
896 . Doma re. Condocef acere.
DOMARE, synonymouswith cond ocefacere, s ign ifi es to tame, to keepunder . Obsequ ium tigres domat. Ovi d . Domare equos . Virg.
CONDOCEFACERR, (f romcum, d oceo , and faci o ) to instruct, to tra inup . Bellumdomitaeet condocefactae. Cic .
897. Dominus . Herus .
DOM INUS , a master of a house , he who commands in a family , asthe owner (f every th ing in it. Apparet h unc servum domin i esse .
Ter . Epuli dominus. Cic . In discordia d ominorum domus b eataesse non p otest. Id . Comitiornm dominus. Id .
— HERus , a masteronly in ref erence to slaves . Sed us qui vi oppressos impen o coercent ,sit sane ad h ibenda smvi tia, ut h eris in famulos, si alite r teneri non
possunt . Cic. Necvictoris h eri tetigit capt ive. enh ile . Virg.
898 . Domus. Familia .
DOMUS, synonymous with familia, s ignifies a house of grea t quality ,
and FAMI L IA, afamily, is sa id cy’citiz ens . Is dnas magmas et nabxles
domos conj ungere vo luit . Cic. Families plebeiae . Id . q pnmus
in eam familiam,quee p osteavi ris fortissimis floruit, attulxt Consula
tum. Id .
899 . Domus e ds . Domus - i .
A p roper distinction must bemade between domus-&S and domus -i.
Domus relates to use and utility it is sa id of a dwelli ng , an inha
bited place. Me domo mes expuh stis. Cic. Non domo d omi nus,
2 14
gem tul it de donis et muneribus . Cic. Tantum don is datismuneribusque perfecerat, ut, &c. Id . Quod munus Reipublicaeafi
'
errema°
us meliusve p ossumus quam si d ocemus atque erud imus j uventutemPd. Inter d onum et munus, says Ulp ian, h oc interest quod inter ge
nus et speciem : genus est donum s d onando d ictum ; munus est
sp ecies nammunus est donum cum causa, utpoté natalitium, nupt ialitium.
— PR} EMIUM is a due recompense [or an honourable action, a.p riz e of victory . Amplissimum prmmium ex omnibus p raemiisvi rtu .
tis, si est h abenda rat i o p raemiorum, gloria est. Cic. Sunt h ic etiamsua p raemia laudi. Virg. Donum and munus ar e eith er before or af terbut p rzemium is always after d onum and munus ar ef ree things but
p raemium is a th ing due, a sort of obligation . Preemie et p tenaRes
publica continetur . Cic.
904. Dormire. Ster tere.
DORM I RE, to sleep. Contrah i animum Z en o , et quas i lab i putatatque concidere, id ipsum esse d ormi re . Cic . Jacet corpus d ormientis, ut mortui. Id . Figura t ively Non omn ibus d ormio, Cic., I donotfqrget every one— STE
'
RTERE, to snore in sleep ing. Marcellus itaster tebat, ut ego vicinus aud irem. Cic.
905. Dormitar e. Oscitar e.
DORMITARE, (f re uentative qf d ormire ) to sleep unsound/y, j o doz e .Cmnato mih i et j am dormitanti ep istola illa est reddita. C ic . Figu
r atively Quand oqué b onus d ormitat H omerus. Hon— O sel'
r a ns ,
( os o ie re ) to yawn, to gape. Tr is tem atque oscitantem_
Iev1ter 1m
pellit. Cic. Figuratively Oscitans et d ormitans saprentxa. C10 .
906 . Dubié. Dubitanter .
DUB IE , doubtfully , uncerta inly. Potest accid ere ut aliquod s ignumdub iedatum pro certo sit acceptum. Cic. Nec dub ie ludibri o essesuas iniserias. Liv.
— DUB ITANTER, doubtingly , i rresolutely . Pericula
non dubitanter ad ire . C ic. S ine ul laafli rmatione qua rentes , dub itauter unumquodque d icemus. Id .
907.Dubitare . Ambigere. An imi or An imis pendEre.
DUBITARE , to doubt, to be i rresolute. V in olent i dub itant , h aesitant,revocant se interdum. Cic. Ne dub ita, namveravides. Virg .
— AM
isiGERE , (from am, about, and agere ) p roperly to .go round about.
Deviis itineribus ambigens patriam. Tac. Figura tively To be an
certa in, to dispute, to ca ll in question. Non ambigl tur quin , &c. th e.
Ambigitur j us aliquod inter p eritos . Id . Regni cer tamme amb lge
bant fratres. Liv. Ambigunt agnati cum eo qu i est secundus h asres .
Cic. Amb igunt de fimbus. Ter.— AN I I\i I or AN IMl s PENDERE, to
be doubtf ul Or in suspense . Quad si exp ectando et desiderando pen.
demus animis, cruciamur , angimur . C ic. Pendebat anum expec
tatione. Id .
908 . Dubitare de a liquci re. Dubita re a liquid.
DUBITARE D E ALIQUA us , and DUBITARE A L IQ.
U ID.
ar e not the
same th ing . Dub itare de aliqua re signifies to call a th ing 1 t question.
Dub itare d e fide alicuj us. Cic. De tué erga mevoluntatenon d ubitant.
‘
Id .— DUBITARE AL IQUID s ign ifi es to consider a th ing atten
tively. Percipe porrd quid d ubitem, et quae nunc animo sententiasargat. V i rg . H aze durn d ubitas , menses abierunt decem. Ter .
909 . D ubium. Dubitatio.
DUB IUM is properly an adj ective. Quod nemini dub ium fuit. Cic.
In res vocatur in dub ium, Cic . , In dub i o est an imus, Id ., a substan
tivemust be understood. Nullum dub ium is bad La tin .— DUB I TATIO ,
i rresolut ion, the act of doubting . Postea cogn itum est ind uctam dub itationem ad , &c. Tao. It was discovered tha t the i rr esolution he hadshown, was only in order to, &c . Nec verd alienum est ad ea eli
g enda, quee d ubitationem afi'
erunt , ad h ibere doctos h omines, veletiam usu peritos. Cic . In dubus tutior d ubitatio. G. D .
9 10 . Dubius. Incertas.
DUB IUS , synonymous with incertus, doubtful. D oubt a rises out qfinsufi iciency of proof s , or equality of ver is imilitude between proofs f oro r aga inst. An imi dub ius . Virg .
— INCERTUS , (non certus ) nuoerta in. Uncerta inty is caused by a def ect in the l igh t necessary to cometo a decis ion concerning a th ing . Dub ius hes ita tes about what he shalldo ; incer tus , about
'
what he on ht to do,Quia d e uxore incertus
sum etiam quid sim facturus.
”fer . Incer tus veri . Liv. Omn ia ind ub ium incertumque revocar i. Cic.
9 1 1 . Ducere. D uctare.
DUCERE,to lead, is genera lly taken in a good sense , and DUCTARE,
i tsf requenta tive, in ,a bad one. Ducitur uxor, d uctatur meretrix .
G. D .
‘
Li kewise d ucere exercitum is sa id Qf a general who lead s h isa rmy in good order but d uctare exercitum is to lead an army in con
fusion. Qudd L. Sylla exercitum, quem in Asia d uctaverat,‘
qu6
s ib i fid um fecerat, contra moremMaj orum, luxur iose. nimisque li
b eraliter h abuerat. Sal l . Ipse quasi vitabund us per saltuosa loca et
t ramites exercitum ductare. 1d . Quintilian is , I believe, in thewrongwhen hefi nds fault with the above express ions of Sallust. Vi rg il says,d ucente Deo ; it would be imp roper to say d uctante Deo . G. D .
9 1 2. Duci . Trah i.
DUC I is sa id of h imwho sufi'
ers h imself to be led on. Ducor libof umante. H or . Duci p reemio et mercede . Cic.
— TRAH I , to be drawnviolently. Servi qui ad supp licium trah untur . Cic. Ducuntvolentem fata, nolentem trah unt. Sen .
9 13. Dud i‘
tm. Jam dud iim. D in. Jamd irt . Perdiit . Pr idem. Jam
p r idem. Jam olim.
DUDUM isvery well sa id of one, two, three hours . Non d udurn ante
lucem, Plaut., A li ttle before day- l igh t. Dudumven it, Cic. , He hasbeen but a little wh ile a rr ived — JAM DUDUM denotes a longer t ime.d am d udum exp ectant. Cic. Jam d udum te illud h ortor. Id .
— D IU
i s sa id (J a long time, denoting li kewise the continuance of it, wh ich d adum does not. cam multum d iuque vixeris . Cic. Quid en im est
h oc ipsum d id , in quo est ali qu id extremum? Cic.— JAM D I U is sa id
of a longer time. Jam d iu expectans Varro . Cic.— PERDw , f or a
very long time. Perdj u n ih il d e te aud ivi. Cic.— PR IDEM, (quasi
pr lus d ie ) some wh ile since. Ego h oc mal i non pr id em inveni .Ter.
— JAM PRIDEM denotes a time still more remote. Cup i o equidem, et
j am p r idem cup i o Alexand r iamvisere . Cic .— JAM OL IM , long ago.
Et qu ia consimilem lnserat jam olim ille lndum. Ter . Jain p r idemdenotes a continuance, wh ich Jam o lim does not.
9 14. Dulcedo . Dulcitudo.
DULCEDO and DULC ITUDO , sweetness ; with th is dif erence, tha td ulced o is very seldom used but in thefigura tive sense, and d ulcitudoonly in the p roper sense. Milites dulcedine quad am commoti. C ic.
N eque pecuniae d ulcedine cap tus sum. Id . Dulced o o ration is. Id .
Gustatus p raete r ca teros sensus d ulcitudine commovetur . Id . Someeditions of Cicero have d ulcitud o orationi s.
9 15. Dumus . Dumetum. Vepres. Sentes. Rubus.
DUMUS , any bush or th ick sh rub. S ilva dumis h orrida . Virg .
DUMET UM, a p la cef ull of bushes or br iers. N ive i tondent d umeta.
j uvenci . Virg . Figuratively intr icacy , perp lex ity. Sto icorum d umeta .
C ic.— VEPRES , a thorn- bush . Septum und ique et vestitumvep r ibus
et d umetis indagavi sepulch rum. Cic. H irsuti secuerunt co rp oravep res. Virg.
— SENTES , (f rom a im , noceo , a irr ng, nox ius ) a p ricklybush . S entes crura n o tant . Ovid .
— RUBU S , a bramble. At rubus etsentes tantummodo leed ere nata . Ovid . Pascuntur h o rrentes t ub os,et amantes ardua dumos . Virg . Mordaces rub i . Ovi d .
9 16. Bautar ul . Solitm.
DUNTAKAT and SOLUM , only with th is d ifibrence, tha t d untaxatis used with nouns either adj ective or substantive . Consules duos b on osamis imus , sed d untaxat b on os . C ic. Quod ipsum e ts i non iniquumest, in tuo d untaxat p ericulo . Id .
- SOLUM is only used with nounssubstantive, and verbs . Nos nunciationem s olum h abemus. Cic. Non
s olum oratione, sed multa etiammagisvi et dolore . 1d .
9 17. Duplex . Duplus.
DUPLEX, from (111 0 and plicare ) double, two. Duplex amictus .
H or . Pann o duplici velatus . Id . Dup lices tendens ad sid era p almas . Virg . Figura tively : Duplex fama. Liv. Duplex stipendnum.
Id . Dup lici spe uti, Ter To have two str ings to one’
s bow . Ergovos rebus duplices p r o n omine sensi , Ovid . . [h ave thcnfound out tha t
you were deceitful and witu, according to the mean ing of your.
name.Duplex Ulysses . H or — DUPLUs , twice as much , as many , twice theva lue or quantity . Duplampecuniam reponere
o
, Liv., To deposi t twiceas much money . Dup la pars p r imze partus. C 10 .
9 1 8 . Dupl icare. G emina re.
DUPLICARE, to f old up in two . Duplicato p oplite Turnus con
eldit . Virg . Figura tively : to increase, to double . Duph care nu
merum. C ic . Duplicare vi res suns LIV . to double,.
to
redouble . Jamque decem vita: frate r geminaverat .
anuos. On d .
A150 ‘0 “ WP/e together . Non ut se rpentes avibus gemlnenturt ngnbus agn i . H o r . Duplicentur would be a bad express ion: Figural ively Geminatus b onos, Liv. ,
A double honour. G eminata vlctoria, Id . A doublevictory .
it was placed after his name. Marcus Tullius Cicero Imp erator ; butwhen used for the Cwsars, it was p laced before their names. Imp erato rAugustus . Imp erator Traj anus .
923. E re nulti . Evestig io .E RE NAT J} , as ma tters have f allen out, seeing things as they ar e.
E re natamel ius fier i h aud potuit, quam factum est. Ter . E VEST I G I O, immediately . Profectum evestig i o subsecutus est . Cic. Sed
repenté é vestigi o . Id .
924. Ebr ietas. Ebriositas . Viuolentia. Crapula .
EBRI ETAS , drunkenness , the act of being drunk.— Eanro srr A s ,the habit of drunkenness. Inter ebrietatem et ebr iositatem interestaliudque est esse amatorem et amantem. Cic .
— V I N OLENT IA , the
being g iven up to drinking much wine. lEgro tationi tal ia quaedamsubj ecta sunt, avaritia, ambitio , ligur itio, vinolentia. Cic. Qui dfur iosamvinolentiam tuam proferam
? Id . The same distinctionmaybe l i kewise established between ebr ius and ebr iosus. Servos Milonisapud se ebri os factos dix i t. Cic. Stilponem ferunt eb r iosum fuisse .Id .
—CRAPULA , the head- ache and diz z iness after dr ink ing too ha rd.
Plen os crapulae eos lux oppressit. Liv. Ed ormi crapulam et exh ala .
Cic.
925. Ecce. En.
ECCE denotes someth ing sudden and unexp ected, an amaz ing event.Ecce autem n ova turba, atque rixa. Cic . Ecce autem rep ente. Id .
— EN generally denotes indignation, and comes after some strik ing r e
cital . En cui l iberos vestros committitis . Cic. En fazd erum ia
terp retes. ld . En is sometimes an adverb demonstrative. En Priamus : sunt h ic etiam sua p rzemia laudi . V i rg.
926. Edacitas. Fumes.
EDAC ITA S , a ravenous appetite. S ine matre pueri edacitatem
p er timesco . Cic. Morbus edacitatis . Id .—FAMES , fromtwig/w, to .
eat) famine, hunger . In fame frumentum expor ta re est ausus. Cic.
Est et iam illud verend um, na brevi temp ore fames in urbe sit. Id .
Cond imentum cib i fames. Id . Famem d epellere. Id . Figurativelya violent desire. Fames h onorum. Cic. Auri sacra fames. Virg.
927. Edar . Gulosus. Vor ax.
EDAx , eating much , tha t can h ardly be satisfied with a grea t quantztypf f ood . Ed ax parasitus. Ter . Figura tively Curse edaces. H or .
Igni s ed ax . Virg. Tempus edax rerurn . Ovid .-GULO SUS , ( from
gula ) luttonous, a g reedy eater . Esse tib i vid eor szevus, n imium
que gu osus. Mart. Figuratively Gulosus lector, a gr eat or hastyreader . Mart. - VORAX, ravenous,voracious . Ventris voracis placarej ejunia . Ovi d Qua? Ch arybdis tam vorax ? Cic. Figura tivelyUsuravorax . Lucan .
2 19
928 . Edere . Comeder e. Mandere. Manducare.
EDERE, to eat in order to app ease hung er . I taque edi t et b ib it .C ic. Nunquarn sitiens biberat, nec esur iens ed erat. Id . f iguratively : To consume. Est moll is flamma med ullas . Virg.
— Coma
DERE , ( edere cum) to eat with , to eat up . Saevola, tu comedis apudomn es , nemo apud te . Mart. Hmc p oreis h odie comedenda relin
ques. H or . Figuratively to consume, to squander away . Patrimo.
n ium, nummos comed ere. Cic. Bona comed ere. H or . Beneficia
Caesar is comed ere, Cic. , Toforget the kindnesses of Caesar . Patrimoni onon comeso , sed d evorato . Id .
—MAND ERE, to chew , to grind withthe teeth . Dentibus in ore constructis mand itur , atque ab his extenuatur et molitur cibus. Cic. Animal ia al ia sugunt, al ia vorant,al ia mandunt . Id .
— MANDUCARE (quas i manu d ucere ) isvery nearthe same as mandere . It exp resses the action of a man eating hisvictaa ls . Qui in balne o d emum p ost h o ram p rimam n octis duas buccas manducavi , p riusquam ungi inciperem. Suet.
929 . Ed icer e. Ef or i .
EDICERE, (d icere é ) to declare, to g ive notice. Dictator p raed amomnemmilitibus ed ixerat . Liv. Edicere is very p roperly said of ma
gis tr a tes and others invested with power and authori ty to command.
Cfim Tribun i plebis ed ixissent, Senatus ad esset . Cic . Ed icere so
ciis conventurn . Liv.— EFFAR I , (fari é ) to speak out, to utter. S ic
effata, sinurn lacrymis implevit obortis . Virg . N on ipsi efi'
ata so
r ori . Id . O rd inem alicuj us rei gestae efl'
ari . Sen . Effar i seems a lsoconsecrated to rel ig ion . Fmdus multisverb is , quae longo efi‘ata car
mine non operas est refer re , peregit. Liv It is sa id of perf orming ,on a place designed for the s ite of a temple, the last pr ayers wh ich thediviners made, af ter having consulted the auguries. Locus templo effatus j am sacratus fuerat . Liv. Ad templum efi
'
andum. C ic.
930. Edormir e. Indormire.
EDORMI RE, to sleep out or away . Cumque edormiverunt, illa visaquam levia fuer int intellexerunt . Cic. Figuratively Ed ormi cra
pulam et exh ala, Cic., Sleep yourself sober .— IND0 RM 1RE, to sleep
upon . Congestis und ique saccis ind ormis inh ians . H or . Figuratively In isto h omine co lend o ind ormivi, Cic . , I have been neglect
f ul in cul tivating th is man‘
sfavour . S ib i ind ormire, Sen ., Tof orgetone
'
s self, to forget the dign ity of one’
s nature.
931 . Educer e. Educare . Tollere.
EDUCERE, (d ucere é ) to leadfor th ,‘
to draw out. Educare é cust odia. C ic. Educet e naves é p o rtu . Cars. In th is sense Va rro hassa id, Educit obstetrix , ed ucat nutr ix ; instituit pmd agogus, d ocetmag ister. 1 t a lso s ign ifies to bring up f rom, a babe. Neque enimb on iest, neque liberalis parentis, quem procrear it et eduxer it , non vest ire et ornare . Cic. Ed uxit mater p ro sua. Ter . Jam infans incastris genitus , in con tubern i o legionum eductus . T&c.
— EDUCARE,to take care of the education, both in the phys ical and moral sense .
Pauperes sat is stipend ii p endere , si liberos educant. Liv. Apparetfilios non tam in gremi o educatos, quam in sermon e matris. Cig.Simih i traditur educandus orator. Quint. —T0 LLERE, considered as
synonymous with the above two word s, is taken f rom the custom of the
ancients, who la id the i r ch ildren on the ground as soon as born, and
only li/ted up those th ey wished to preserve. Verum quod er it natumtollito . Plaut . Regi quem se rva Licymnia furt im sustulerat. Virg .
Primo tollitur aatus puer ; d einde paedagogis traditur ed ucand us
p ostea eductum j am ac puberem artem aliquamaut li tteras ed ocen
d um curant parentes. G . I )
932. Efi ectio. Ej'
ectas.
EFFECT IO , 0 mak ing or ej ecting, p ractice. Efl'
ectio artis. Cic .
Recta efi'
ectio . Id .— EFFECTUS , an efl
'
ect produced by a cause. In
l ibidine peccatum est etiam sine efl‘
ectu . Cic. Efi’
ectus imped ietnesegn is mora
? Ph a d . Efl'
ectus eloquentiae est aud ientium approbat i o . Cic.
933. Efi cacilas. Efi cientia .
EFFICAC I TA S , efi‘icacy, power of p roducing . Quid tantum h abet
in lib idine artis et efficacitatis, ut , &c 9 Cic.— EFF IC IENT IA , a vir
tue or power actually productive of some efi'
ect. Cum aspex isseut
s olem, ej usque eflicientiam cognovissent, quod is diem efliceret t otocce lo luce d ifl
'
usfi. Cic. Causae continentes in se efli cientiam. Id .
934. Efi icax . Efi ciens . Efl'
ector .
EFF ICAX, efi'
ective, that can operate efiectually. Efficaces p reces .
Liv. Nosti Marcellum, quam tardus et parum efficax sit. Cic. Efli
cax amara curarum eluere cadus . H on— Ear rcmxs, p roducin
ma k ing . Virtus efli ciens est utilita tis et voluptatis . Cic. Ph ilosolfli ivirtutem d ivid ebant in res d uos, ut altera esset efficiens ; altera au
tem quasi h u ic se p racbens. Id . Causmefficientes. Id .— EFFECTOR ,
an author , a maker, a crea tor. Effecto r mundi Deus. Cic. Possu
mus dub itare , qu in h is p rzesit aliquis efi‘
ecror Id . Amicitiaa efl‘
ec
tr ices sunt voluptatum tam amicis quam sibi . Id . Efficientes wouldonly denote the action .
935. Ej'
ectas. Exhaustas.
EFFCETUS , (f rom ex and fe tus ) worn out by p roducing a g rea tdea l, or tha t has passed the age of p roducing . Efl
‘
oeta muli e r. Sall.Efi
'
ce ta gallina. Plin . Figuratively : Frigentque cfl'
aato in corp orevi res . Virg .
— EXH AUST US , drawn out dry , dr ied up. Exh austus fous.
Caes . Ubere exh austo mulctra spumant . Virg . Figuratively Plebsimpensis exh austa . Liv. Exh austas b on is civitates. Ciel
936 . Ef raenus. Efl'
rcenatus. Impotens.
Er r uzz xus , (non fraenum) unbridled . Effrzeuo equo in med icsign es infer tur . Liv. Figura t ively : Effr aano cap tus amore . Ovid .
Efi‘
raena gens. Virg .— EFFRZENAT US is not used but in the fi gura tive
sense ; loose, rash , unruly , pass iona te . H omines secund is rebus effraenati . C ic. Qui) impun itior lib id o , eo efi
‘
rsenatior est . Liv— IMPOT ENS , ( non po tens ) l . lVeak, f eeble, impotent. Imp otentes etcalamitos i . Cic. 2. IVild , unable to govern or modera te'
h imself . Im
p otent i ess e an imo . Cic . Imp otens i rze , Liv., Unruly in h is pass ion .
Imp otenti laztitiacfl‘
er r i. C ic. Dominatio impotens, Liv., Author iexercised with f ury . Aquilo impotcns, H or . , Aviolent north -win
wherein words are chasm with care. Elegans spectator, Ter ., A spectator af f ine taste. Elegans in cibo , Cic . , Delica te in h is food . Ele
gantem regern narras , Plaut., You speak of a k ing of great taste.ORNATUS , adorned, equipped . Splend id issimus atque o rnatissimusvir . Cic. Agr o bené culto n ih il p o test esse nec usu uberius, nec
sp eci e ornatius. Id . Comp os ita et o rnata orati o . Id . Provinciaexercitu, ecunia ins tructs. et o rnata. Id . In the l i k e mean ing C icerohas said , celere ornatus. Pessime ornatus eo, Plaut I am in a
sad p light.942. Elidere. Sufl
'
ocare. Strangulare.
EL IDER E, (Imdere é ) prop erly tof orce out by strik ing, to bruise. IAn
'
t inh aerens elisos oculos Vir Ca ut ecud is sax o elidi t. Liv8 1 g P PMatri d enarrat ut ingens bellua cognates eliser it, H or ., The youngf rog rela tes to her mother how a. huge beast had j ust crushed her s istersto p ieces. Fi ratively : Poé
’
tae ne rvos omnes virtutis elidunt. Cic .
Eli di aegritu°
ne. Id .—SUFFOCARE , (sub fauces ) to sufl
'
oca te, to
thr ottle . Gallum gallinaceum sufi'
ocare. Cic. Figuratively Famesuffocate urbem. Cic.
— STRANGULARE, (stringere gulam) to strangle,to ta ke away lif e Is patrem strangulavit. Cic . Figur a
l ively , Strangulat segetes n imia terrae la titia, Cic., When afi eld istoof ertile, it stifles the corn .
943. Elizus . Assns.
ELIXUS , (f rom lix , water ) boiled . Candidus elixae miscetur caseus h erbaa. Ovid — Assus, (quas i arsus ,f rom arde re ) roasted. At
s imul assis miscueris elixa. H or . Assus so], Cic., The scorch ing sun.
Assus is a lso taken in the sense of being withoutmixture, alone, pure.Assa vp x, Vann, A concert of voices without instruments. Assm t ib ia ,
Id ., Flutes wi thout the accompany ing of voices. Assa nutrix , Cels. , Acare/il l nurse
'
; quod puer o ads it, or assit, which is a d ifi'
erent o rig in.
94d. Eloquentia. Eloquium. Elocutio. Facundia.
ELOQUENT IA , ( f rom loqui ) the g ift of spea k ing well, and q er
suad ing. Eloquence is a lively and persuas ive turn, supported by bold ,bri ll iant,andfigurative expressions. N ih il al iud est eloquentia, quamcop i ose loquens sap ient ia. Cic. Ut h ominis decus est ingen ium, sic
ingen i i lumen eloquentia. Cic. Figuratively Eloquentia corp oris,Quint , Action in speak ing .
— ELOQU 1UM, discourse, manner of exp ression. Dulci ac blando eloquio
‘
amicum solatus .Plaut. Insolitumelo
quium tul it facundia p rzeceps. H o r .— ELOCUT I O , elocution, a fi t
and proper or der Qf words and sentences , delivery . Elocuti o est id oneorumverborum et sententiarum ad rem inventam accommodatio.
Cic. Orat i o , n is i subest res ab oratore percepta et cognita, inanem
quandam h ab et elocutionem. Id . Elocuti o per fects. et commoda tresr es in se h ab ere debet, elegantiam, compositionem, d ignitatem. Id .
- FACUND IA , grace in speak ing . Facund iae parens Cicero . Quint.Alere facund iam,vi res augere eloquentiae. Id . Eloquentiap robamus,
p lacemus, persuad emus dulci ac blando eloqui o amicum solamur ;elocutione idoneaverba, et sententias ad rem inventam accommodamus ; facundiaaud ito rum an imos conciliamus. G. D.
945. Eludere. Eluctar i.
ELUDERE , (ludere 6) to elude, to shift ofi; to get out g“
a scrape.
Elusit calumniam j ocis. Ph aed . Canes elusit. Id . Oraculi sortamvelelusitvel implevit . Q . Curt —ELUCTAR I , to break th rough , to extri
cate one’s-self with a great gfi'
or t. Locorum d ifficultates eluetatus.Tac. Eluctar i per multa imp edimenta. Sen.
946. Blaere. D iluer e.
ELUERE , ( luere 6) to wash out. Sanguinem perfusum cluere. Cic.
Corpus eluere .Ovid . Figu ratively : Eluerevita sordes et an imi labes.
Cic. Amaraque curarum eluere efficax (cadus ) . H or . Maculas fur
t orum et fla itiorum sociorum innocentium sangu ine eluere . Cic.
D ILUERE, (Inere dc) to dissolve with liquid s, '
to dilute. Lacte favoset miti dilue ‘
Bacch o. Virg . Sup er lateres coria inducuntur , ne ca
nalibus aqua immissa lateres d iluere possit . Cms. Fi our atively To
drive away. Cura fugit, nrultoque d iluitur mer o . Ovi Dilueremolestias . Cic.
947. Emancipare. Manumitter e. Rude Dbnare.
EMANC I PA RE , from mancip ium, r ight of property ) is sa id of children, nephews, or any oth er under one
’
s iur isd iction to set a t lib
f reef rom power . Nam ad optatum emancipar i , ne sit ej us films qui
ad op taver it. Cic. It a lso sign ifies to put under the power of another.Emancipatus foeminm, H or ., To a lienate. Emancipare agrum. Cic.
—MAN UMITTERE, to enfranch ise a'
slave : masters gave f reedom to
thei r slaves by a gentle tap . Milo servosmanumisit. Cic . Emancipare ,de liberis dicitur ; s ieut manumittere, de servis, as grammarians say.
— RUDE DONARE , to discha rge from further bus iness Rudis was awoodenf oil, tha t was pr esented to g ladiators in token of a discharge orreleasef rom tha t exercise, when they had g iven sufi
‘icient p roof s qf thei rabilities and strength . Tam b onus gladiator rud em tam cit?) accep isti. Cic. Figuratively Spectatum satis et d onatum j am rude queer is, Maecenas , iterum ant iquo me includere ludo. H or .
948 . Emax. Emptor .EMAX , (f rom emo ) one ready to buy, orf ond of buy ing. Non esse
emacem, vectigal est. Cic. Institor ad dominam veniet d iscinctusemacem. Ovid . Figuratively Prece non tu p oseis emaci, Juv. ,
You do not haggle wi th the gods , you put no condi tion to your p rayers .
—EMPTOR , a purchaser , a buyer Ne qui d omn ino quod venditorn6rit, emp
'
tor ignoret. Cic.
949 .
'
Emere. Coe'
mere. Mercur i . Nund inar i.
EMERE , to buy. Eineré d imidio carlus, Cic., To buy too dea r byEmere aliquem don is. Liv. Bene emere , Cic., To buycheap .
Male emere , Id . , To buy dear.— COEMERE, emere cum) to buy upcommodities . Omn ia b ona coemit. Cic.
_ ERCARI , (f r ommerx )to buygoods , to trad e . S ordid i etiam '
putand i quimercantur amercator ibus, quod statim vendant . Cic. Praesenti p ecun iamercari .Plaut. Mercat i Gra cafide, Id ., has the samemean ing Plautusmentions her e the honesty Qf the Greeks, whowerevery regula r in thei r payments. Figuratively H oc magno mercentur Atridae, Virg . , Th e sonsof Atreus would g ive ever so much to have th is done.— NUND I NAR I ,( from nundines, afa i r which was kep t atRome every ninth day) to buy
224
publicly, to sell publicly , is prop erly sa id offa ir s it is taken in amore
general sense. Una in domo omnes , quorum intererat , totum imp erium Reipublicae nundinabantur . Cic. Ab isto et p resco , quivoluit,Senator ium ord inem p retio mercatus est ; et pueri Senator ium no
men nundinati sunt. Id .
950. Emergere. Enure .
EMERGERE, (mergere é ) to come out q“
the water. Aves se inmare,
mergunt et emergun t. C ic. Figuratively Emergere ex mend icitate.
Cic. Emergere ex aliquo negotio . Id . Multorum imp robitate d e
p ressaveritas emergit . Id — ENARE, (nare é ) to swim out, to sw imto land, to escape byswimming . Multm naves ej ectee,multm1ta h austaa
mari, ut n emo in ter ram enaver it . Liv. Figu ratively : Insuetum peri ter gelidas enavit ad Arctos. Virg.
951 . Emigrare. Demigr are.
EMIGRARE , (migrare e ) to gof romone p lace to anoth er, to remove.Domo ej us emigrat atque adeo exit, nam j am ante migr arat . Cic.
Fguratively Emigrare e vita . Cic.— DBM IGRARE, to removef rom
one’s dwelling or lodg ing , in order to go somewhere else . Demigrandum
p otifis aliqub est, quam h abitand um in eaurb e . Cic. Ad sod alemtuum d emigrasti. Id . Emigrast i would not be so p roper . Figura tivelyDemigrand um est ab imp robis , Cic.
, lVe must quit the conversationand society if the wicked.
952. Eminere. Prominer e.
EMINERE, (f rom 6, and the obsolete minere , to appea r , which is
found in Lucretius ) to appea r above. Eminens é mari globus terrae.Cic. Figuratively Eminet illius audacia. Cic. Eminet animus maxime in contemnendi s d olor ibus. Id .
— PROM I NERE , (minere pro ) toj ut or stand out. Prominere é caeteraacie . Liv. Co llis p rominet in
p ontum. Ovid. Figura tively Prominere in posteritatem. Liv.
953. Emissar ius . Excursor . Prcecur sor .
EMI S SAR IUS , (mitte re e ) an emissa ry , one appo inted to p rocure inf ormation, a spy, an inspector or overseer . Persuaseratque nonnullis
invidis me is se in me emissarium semp er fore . Cic — EXCURSOR ,
(currere e ) a runner, a r unningf ootman ,a scout. Est igiturvictor i
omn ium gentium omne certamen cum excursore, cum latt one . Cic.
Turp i o quidam i stius excursor et emissar ius, h omo omn ium ex illoconventu quad ruplatorum d eterr imus. Id .
— PRJ£ CURSOR , (cur rerep m) a forerunner. H une p rmcursorem h abere solebat et emissat ium. Cic.
954 . Emari . Demori .
EMOR I , to be a long wh ile i n a dy ing state, to decay utterly . Cog it
que miseras arida sede emo r i. Ph aed . Autvincere , aut emor i . Cic .
laus emori non p otest . Cic.— DEMOR I (mor i
the death qf the member of any society . Cum
esset ex veterum numero quidam senator d emor tuus . Cic. Sanxe
runt , ne quis emeret mancip ium, n is i in d emor tui locum. Id . Au
gurem in d emortui locum n ominare . Id . Figuratively . Demoritur
ea te, Plaut She is mightily in lovewithyou.
960. Ep istolam scr ibere. Ep istolam inscr ibere.
EPI S '
I‘
OLAM scnmana , to write a letter . N oli putareme ad quemquam longiores epistolas scribere. Cic.
— EPI STOLAM mscmaaan,
to write the di rection of a'
letter. Q . Cice ro puer legit, ut Op inor , etepistolaminscr iptam patr i suo ; solet enim aper ire. Cic.
96 1 . Epistolis lacessere. Provocare. Obtunder e.p sr oms La cnssaa a
,to cha lleng e byletters. Er l s '
r oms PaovoCARE, to p rovoke by
'
letter s, to write thefi rst. Non te ep istolis, sedvoluminibus lacesserem, qu ibus quidemmeate p rovocat i oportebat .C1c.
—‘
Ep rs r onxs OBTUNDERE, to tease or tire out with letters. Ego sisomnum cap ere possem,
tam longis te epistolis non obtund erem. Cic.
962. E'
quester. Equinus.
B‘
QUESTER,’
of or belonging to cavalry , or to the order of kn ighthood.
Equestre p rmlium. Cms. Cop ias équestres .
_Cic. Splendor equestris.
Id . Equester o rdo . Id .—EQU INUS , Qf or belong ing to a horse. Cervix
equina. Hor . Crista e quina . V irg.
963. Ei mi j ugales. Equifunales.
The horses put nearest the pole of a coach were called EQU I JU
GALES and those p laced on the s id es were called EQU l FUNALES . Th atwh ich was at the right ha nd s ide was calledDexterior funalis and that
at the lef t, S inister ixor funalis : itmust be understood of ho rses placeda ll abreast. Sinisterior i funali equo Tib erius, d exter ior i Marcellus .
Suet. Jugales equ i in medi o ; tunales ab utroque latere . G. D .
964. Equitare. Abequitare.
EQUITARE, (f romequus) to ride a horse. Cum is equitaret cumsuis delectis equitibus . Cic . Horace has sa id, Equitare in arundinel onga: and Pl iny ,
Equitare in camelis. Figura tively Jactab it se ,et in h is equitab it equuleis. Cic.
— ABfiQmTARE, (equitare ab ) toride amay . Ut prmtores pavidi inter tumultum abequitarent . Liv.
965. Eradica re. Er tirpare.
EBAD ICARE, (from radix ) to root up . I t is mostly used figuratively. Dii te erad icent. Ter . (a k ind of swear ing . ) Eradicare aures,Plaut . , To fatigue one with speak ing .
— EXT IRPARE, ( f romstirps ) topluck up by the root, plant and a ll i t is more used in thefigurativesense. Ex tirpare h umanitatem ex animo . Cic. I‘k tirpare p e rturbationes . Id .
966. Errabundas. Er raticus. Vagus. mugw .
ERRABUNDUS , ( from e rrare ) wander ing here and there, denotes theaction. Nunc errabund i domos suas , ultimum illas visuri , pervagat emur , Liv. Errabunda b ovis ves
'
a. Virg.— En
'
na r l cus , wan
der ing or str aying abroad, denotes the bit Qf wander ing . V item ser
pautem mult1plici lapsu et erratico , fe rro amputans coerect ars agricolarum. Cic. Erratica Delos, Ovid ., Delos fl oating to and fro.
VAG U S , vagabond, rambling at random. Vagus esse cogitabam. Cic .
Vagi grassna. Mart. f iguratively Vagavolubilisque fo rtuna. Cic.
Vagi tumores. Ovid . De Deo immortal i non errans et vaga, sed sta
227
b ilis cer taque sententia. . Cic. Vagus animus, Cic ., An i rresolutemind . Vagam n omen ,Mat t , Aname common to many .
- PROFUGUS ,
( quasi p orro fugatus ) afug itive from h is count ry . Troj ani qui l Enefid uce p rofag i sed ibus incertis vag aban tur . Sall . I t is
“
sa id of one of tenchangi ng the p lace of h is res idence a nd dwelling . Scyth a p rofug i . H or .
967. Erra tio. Error. Erratum.
ERBAT IO , a wander ing , a going OZtt one’
s way. Sane hacmultdr0p ius ib it, minor est er ratio . Ter . Motum coel i ab omn i errationeiberavit . Cic. Figuratively : mutability , inconstancy . In ccElO nec
fortuna, nec temer itas , nec er ratio , necvan itas inest. Cic. ERROR ,the going out q
”
the way cons idered in i tself, uncerta in and inconside
rate motions. Errores Ulyssis. Cic. Indep reh ensus et ir remeabil ise rror labyrinth i . Virg. Figuratively : an error, a fa lse and wrongopin ion, uncerta inty of op inion. In r e tam Claranominum error manet, u
'
ti' ius p opul i H oratu, utr ius Curiati i fuerint . Liv. Er roribus
caecar i. Cic. Er rorem cum lacte nutr icis sux imus. Id .— ERRATUM,
a f ault done by error . Cui errato nulla ven ia. Cic. Non meume rratum, sed tuum. Id . Errata ae tatis . Id . Commune erratum. Id .
Erratio agentis est ; error, patientis ; erratum, d elinquentis. G D .
968 . Erumper e. Evadere.ERUMPERE, ( ramp ere é ) to break or burst out . Si paratiores es
s ent ad insequendum omn es , s ive noctu, s ive interd iuerumperent .Cees . Occasi one rursus erumpamdata. Ph aed . Figura tively Enum
p it furo r et indignati o . Liv. Risus rep enteerup it . Cic .— EVADERE
,
(vad ere é ) to get out cf g reat d ifliculties . E man ibus h o stium evad ere . Cic. Casus evaserat omnes . Virg. Abiit, excessit, evasit,erupit. Cic. Figura tively H o c quorsum evadat ?Cic.
969 . Eruptio . Irr up tio.
ERUPT I O , (f rom erumpere ) an eruption, a sally , an eflor t to getout of. Erup ti o ama is. Sen. Rep ente ex Opp id o eruptionem fecerunt . Caes .
— IRRUP '
r l o , an i rrup tion, a bursting upon and into . Cumh ostium commnon longé absun t, etiamsi ir rup tio facta nulla sit, ta
men p ecora relinquuntur . Cic. Ir rup tionem facere in aliquem lo-J
cum. Plaut. E loco fit erupti o ; in locum fit ir rup tio . G. D.
970. Evanescer e. Exar escer e.
EVANESCERE, f rontvanus ) to van ish away , to disappear. In te
nuem evanuit auram. Virg . Extenuatur et evanescit Sp es. Cic.
EXARESCERE, (f rom arere ) to become dry . Evanuerunt et exarucrunt amnes . Cic. Figura tively Vetus urbanitas exaruit . Cic. Ex
aruitvetustate Op ini o . Id . Exaruerunt o rationes Galbze , Id ., Ga lba’s
orations wea r out (f esteem and value.
971 . Evidens . Persp icuus.
EV IDEN S , (f romvidere ) evide nt,visible, p la in and easy . Evid ensest d e quo inter nos conveniat. Cic. Quod in h omine multc
‘
) est evident ins . Id .
— PERSPICUUS , f rom per , and the obsolete word sp icere ) transparent, p ersp icuous . Liquor persp icuus . Ovid . FigurativelyQuod
Opersp icuam omn ibusver itatem continet, nih il
‘
ind iget app robatroms. Cic. Evidentes et persp icuse res . Id . Plus est evid entiaquam persPicuitas. Quint.
972. Evincere. Pervincere.
EV INCERE, to convict, to ga in one‘
s po int. Mult is tes tibus evictus.
C ic. Evincuntque instando , ut litterae sib i ad Tarquinios darentur .
Liv. It a lso signyies, to drive out, to displace. Evincere somnos.
Ovid . Platanus evincit nlmos. H or .— PERV 1 NCERE, to overcome, to
p reva il over. Cato restl tit et pervicit , Cic., Ca to opposed it, and gotthe day. Pervicerunt remis, ut terram tenerent, Liv Theysucceeded,by ha rd rowing , in ga ining the land. H oe t ib i pervincend um est,
Catull., In th is youmust succeed at any rate.
973 . Evitabilis . Evilandus.
EV ITABI LI S , avo idable, that may be shunned. Evitabile telam.
Ovi d.— EV I TANDUS , that ough t to be shunned, that must be shunned.
Ut versum fugimus in o ratione, sic i i sunt evitand i cont inuati p edes.C ic.
974. Evitare. Devitar e.
EV ITARE , (vitare e ) to avoid by go ing f rom. Pugnam evitare .
Ovid.— DEV I TARE, to avoid by go ing asid e S i nec h 1c nec il lic cum
videro , d evitatum se a me putet. Cic. Incommod um d evitare. Id .
9 75. Er sententza . De sententici . In sententiam. In sententici .
Tres sunt loquend i mod i, says Doletus, tam in ter se d ivers i atquediscrepantes, quam elegantes et venusti . Est autem Ex SENTENT IA , idem quod ex voto , vel ex spe, atque‘
ut op tabamus . Ex sen
t eutia navigare . Cic . Omn ia ex sententia succedunt. Id .— DE
S ENTENT I A verb est de nutu et cons il i o ut, nih il facturus sum n is id e ma sententia. Cic . De cons ili i sententiaj udicares . Id . Sed IN
S ENTENT IAM eandem loqui d icitur , qui in eand em rati onem verbafacit, vel eodem spectantia . Pluraque in eamsenten tiamab eisdem
c ontraverecund iam d isputantur . Cic. In candem sententiam loqui‘
tur Scip i o . Id . Dicitur quoque Senatusconsultumvel decretum insententiam nostram fieri , quod fit secundum nos i d est, in util itatem et commodum nostrum. Ex animi sententiais a lso taken in thesense of, according to one
’
s own op in ion . Non fal sumJurare pej erareest ; sed quod ex an imi tui sententiaJuraver is, sieutverb is concip 1tur more nostr o , i d non facere , perj ur ium est. Cic. Namme quid em ex an imi sententia nulla orati o laed ere potest. Sal l. C icero h asused 1n sentent ia in themeaning of ex sententia. Me miseram . quamomn ia essent in sententia, si nobis an imus , si cons ilium, si fid es eo
r um, quibus credidimus, non d efuisset . Cic.
976 . Erarninare. Ponderare. Libr are.
EXAMINARE, ( f rom examen, the needle of a balance) to t byw eigh t, to make equal. Et advertens p ensasexaminat h erbas. vid .
Figura tively . Male ve rum examiuat omn is corrup tus judex . H or .
S ed ea p robanda , qumnon aur ificis statera, sed quadam pOpulari
t rutinaexaminantur . Cic.— PONDERARE, (f romp ondus ) to examinewhether there is a proper weight. d nummularias pond erat ar
gentam. Plaut. Figuratively : Rem examinare, momentoque suo
ponderare . Cic. Jndex non soldm quid possit, sed etiam quid deceat, p onderare debet. Id .
— LI BRA RE, f rom libra) to counterp oi se,to counterbalance . l erra 11brata su1s ponderibus. Cic. Ipse suum
sit. Id .:I rid é \jaculis summoti r ecurrere ad suos, inde excursi ones
invicem fier i. Liv.—INCURS IO , (ca rrere in ) an incursion ,
an inr oad,a runn ing in, upon , or aga inst. Incursi ones militum in agros h ost ium. Cic. Annibal cum ex ercita h ostiliter . in fines Romanos in .
cursionem facit.‘Liv. Incumio atque impe tus bostium. Ga s.
9 83. Excusar e. Purgare ."
EXCUSA RE, from. ex and causo ) to excuse, denotes someth ing doneamiss, but involunta ry , or caused by h inderance, or for str ong reasons.
V arroni memiuer is excusare tard itatem mearum litterarum. Cic.
Qui dam excusar i se arbitrantur , quia non s in e magma causal p ecca
multi . locum purgér un t. Cic. Figura tively : To clear onef rom an accusa tion, to j usty
fy . Eime d e ea re purgavi . Cic. S ervosipsos n eque arguo , neque purgo . Id . Purgare se per litteras . Id .
C rimen purgamus negando ; delictum excusamus r causand o , p reetexend o .
‘
G . D .
984. Ez ecr ar i. Detestar i . Abomina r i . Hor rere. Abhor rer e. Od isse.
Exhorr escere.
ExECRA'
RI , om ex‘
and sacer ) to execra te, to accnr se.
‘ Tulliad omo
’
p rofugit , ex ecrantibus quacunque‘ inced ebat . Liv.
’ Omneste od erunt, t ib i pestem exoptant , te execrantur . Cic.
— DETESTAR I ,
(f rom testis ) to call what is most sacred to witness tha t a th ing is not.Surnmum Jovem Deosque d etesto r , me neque
~ isti mala fecisse.
Plaut. It commonlysigni/{es tod etest, to rej ect wi th indignation . (Jinn
viderunt , t‘
anqua‘m ausp icium malum'd etestantur .
’
Cic .
'
Dii immo rtales, avertite et d etestamin i , quaeso ,
‘ h oc Omen. Id . Hor ace has useddetestata pass ively . B ellabue matribus d etestataw—ABOMI NAR I ,from
"ab and omen) to abomiria te. Ante omnia '
abominati suntsemi -mares . Liv. ‘Quod ego
'abominor , Plin. ,
‘God f o'
r bid ! It admitsQf a pass ive s ignification in the participle in us, a , um. Parentibusque
abommatus Ann ibal . H or .— H ORRERE , p roper ly , to stand on end .
C oma? l1or ruerunt . Ovid . Figurative/y To stand in such gr eatf earas to d read
‘
comi ng nea r . Te ‘
negligit aut li o r ret. H or .
-‘M inaS lllius
h o rre o . Cic. D 1vi 11u111 numen h orrere . Id . To tus tremo h orreo
que . Ter .— ABH 0 RRERE, (h orrere ab ) to have an antipa thyor aver
s ion to. S e 5nuptiis abh o rrere respond it. Ter. Parum abh orrens
fumam. Liv. Being not a t a ll uneasy about wha tma be sa id of h im.
Figura tive/y : Abbo r ret voluntas ej us ame. C ic. llud‘
abh orret a
fide, Liv Tha t is not credible.— ‘
OD I S SB, to ha te. Acerbé‘
Et penitfis
aliquem o d isse. C ic. Odi p rofanumvulgus , et arceo .
‘
H or .—Ex
‘H ORRESCERE, to dread, to be sore af ra id of . Quin nos exh or rescer e
metu non s inat. C ic . Adven iat,vultus neve exh orrescat amicos.
985. Exedra . Er ed rium.
EXEDRA , (f rom 32a nd a seat ) a bench j b r six persons to situpon. A drawing - room or pa rlour with si r sea ts, wherein lea rnedmenassembled/or discours ing . Co tta in earn exed ramvenit, in quaCrassus lectulo p os ito rccubuisset. Cic. Ets i multa in omn i parte Ath e
narum’ sunt in ipsis locis indicia summorumviro rum, tamen ego 1115
moveor exedran l d .
‘
behbetter to spell . it bexedra.
—; EXE
151 1 1 11111 , (dimi nutive 0
a small room for conversation .
'
Exedr iag quzedam mih i nova sunt instituta 111 por ticula Tusculam ; ea
volebam tabellis o rnare . Cic .
,986 . Exemplar. Exernplum
EXEMPLAR is properly the orig inal out of wh ich cop ies a re token, acopyof a book, 9
.pattern to be imitated. Ex emplaria ‘
Gr aecan octurnaversate manu , versate d iurna. Hor. Resp icere ex emplar vitae mor umque j ubebo
'
d'
o
'
ctum imi tatorem. Id .— EXEMPLUM ,.
an exampleto be f ollowed or imitated . Frech ere ex emplum aliis . Liv. All isex emplo esse . Ter . Exemplum is a lso s ri id of a th ing brough t inf orthe p roof and declaration of a matter .
,
H is ego rebus exempla ad
j ungerem, nis i cernerem, &c. Cic . Ex emplum est, quod rem auc
to ritate , aut casu alicuj us h ominis aut n egoti i confirmat aut infirmat.I d . I t is a lso said of a copy of an or ig ina l. Caesar is litterarum ex
emplum tib imisi . Cic.
987. Exequiae. Funus. Justa . Fer alia . I nfer ice. Sepultura .
.Humatia.
EXEQUIE , (f rom ex and sequi ) thef unera l solemn ities at a bur ial,the tra in of a f unera l pomp, bu
‘
r ial . Mate r ex equias illius fune ris
p ro secuta est. C ic . Ex equias celebrare . Plin .— PUNUS , (from
fun is,because the corpse was accompan ied to thef uneral pile
'
with ligh tedtorches ) a. f unera l, the solemn ities observed in bury ing . Si funus i dhab en dum sit , quanon amici conveniunt ad exe quias coh onestandas .
Cic.— JUSTA , th e last duties and necessary services belong ing to a bu
r ial , according to order or custom. It was the r d voutgo'
uersc cf the
Greeks . Jastis exequiarum carere . Liv. J11sta fun eri patern o solvere . Cic.
— FERALIA , (f romferre ) days sacred to the memory of thedead, th e sacrifices on th ese days . H anc, quia justa ferunt, dixé referalia, lucem ; ult ima p lacand isManibus ista d i es. Ovid .
—INFERIE ,
(from infer re ) sacrifices to the inf ernal gods Qfi'
er ed on the graves ofthe dead. Mittere inferias extincto . Ovid .
— SEPULTURA , (fromsep elire ) buria l, a lay ing (f a corpse in the ground, the ceremoni es ofa bur ia l.
‘
H onore sepul turae carere . Cic. Insepulta sepultura, Id .,
Wh en a ll the f uneral rites are'
not p nf or nred .f fl uatA r l o , (f rom h umus ) a bury ing, interr ing, or covering with earth . Aliquid etiam deh umatione et sepulturii d i cend um ex ist imo . Cic.
988 . Exercitatio. Er ercitium.
EXERC ITATI O , exercise, the act Qf exercis ing one’
s- self , both phys ically and mora lly . Col or exercitationibus corp oris tuendus est . Cic.
H ae sunt exercitationes ingen i i . Id . Exercitatio est assid uus usus
consuetud oque . Id .— EXERC IT IUM, the exercise itsel the p ractice,
u‘ha t
'
is exercis ing. Exercitium d icend i. Gell. Animo p ro exer
citio uti.,
Sall.
989 . Exercitas. Er er citatus.EXERC ITUS , exercised, tried by hardsh ips. Exercitus in re mili
tari longo bellorum usu. Cic. Quid enim n ob is laboriosius, qu idmag1s sollicitum, magis ex ercitamd ici aut fingi p otest? Id . Scilicetadversis p rob itas exercita rebus. OVld .
— EXERCITATUS , (f requen
lative of the above ) adds to the s ignification of it ; much and often ea:
ercised . H omo in h ominibus necand is exercitatus . Cic. Ex ercitatus in dicendo , Id , expressesmore than exercitus in di cendo . Li kewise Cur is exercitatus , Cic., exp resses more than Curis exercitas,Tac., Agitated, tortured with cares and uneas iness.
990. Ererere. Pradere . Edere . Proferr e. Promere.EXERERE, (f rom ex and sero , serui ) to th rust out or put f orth.
Manuque subter t ogam ad mentum exer ta. Liv. Figura tivelyMentis secreta exerere. Sen . Haec exer it fabula, Ph a d ., Th is f ableshows.— PRODERE, (p orro dare ) to show,
to expose to notice. Pro
dere conscios. Cic. Prodere interr egem, Liv., To’
appoint a regent.Memoriam alicuj us re i prod ere. Cic. It a lso signifies to y ield, to surrender, to delay or put qfi Classem p rmd onibus p rod ere. Cic. Imp et rab o ut al iquot saltem nuptiis p rod at dies . Ten— Em ma , (dare é )to br ing forth . Partu novissimo ed idi t Ja llam. Ter . Ed ere legem.
Cic . Edere librum. Id . Figuratively Edere ceed em, Liv., To commit murder .
— PR0 FERRE, (ferre p ro ) 1 . to set forwa rd . Profer re
p edem. H or . Proferrem l ibros, si n egares . Cic. 2. to put of orp rolong . Sal tem aliquot di es p rofer, d 1
‘
im proficiscar aliqud . Ter .
3. to enla rge, to extend . Proferre imp eriumul tra. Virg.— PROMERE,
(f rom emere , to take away, and p r o ) to draw, to br ing forth . Vina
p romere d ol i o . H or . Diem p romit et eelat sol. Id . Pecun iam tu
ex areap roferebas ; d iscip lina et ar tificio Roscius p romebat. Cic.
A cat p romit its claws , a mouse p rofert its h ead out of a hole ; an
author edi t a new work an ear Qf corn caput exerit ; a cr iminal putto the rack prod it conscios. G. I ) .
99 1 . Exhaur ire. Exi nanirq
EXHAURIRE, (h aur ire ex
)to exhaust, to dry up ; it is properly sa id
of liquids . Exh aur ire pocu um, fontem. Cic. Figuratively Bon iscivitates exh aur ire. Cic. Mandata exh aur ire, Id . , To obey the orders
p unctually . S ib i vitam exh aus it, Id H e h as made awaywith h int
self . Omn ibus exh austi cas ibus. Virg. Exh aur ire li rum, Sen. ,
To read a book th rough . C icero has used exh aurire in the sense ofh aur ire. Libentius omnes meas laudes ad te transfud er im, quamaliquam partem exh auser im é tulS.
— EXI NAN IRE, (from inan is ) toemp ty , to evacuate a p lace by tak ing out of it whatever it conta ined.
Domos ex inan ire . Cic. Figura tively Regibus atque gent 1bus exinanitis. Cic. Ex inanire aciem, Cass , To take away part of thema inbody of an a rmy . A drunkard exh aurit p ocula ; a th ief ex inani t
crumenas. G. D .
992. Exh ibere. Ostendere. Ostentare. Monstrar e. Demonstrare.
EXH IBERE , (h abere ex ) to show, to make appear. Vires exh ibere .
Ovid . Omnia integra ex l1 ibere. Cic. Exh ibe voe is fid em. Pbazd .
— O STENDERE, ( quas i os tendere , as we do when we show anyth i ng )
to expose to s ight, to hold f orth . Os suum p opul o Roman o ostendere .C ic. Jamque ostend isti s igna nutrici . Ter . Figura tively : Moresalicujus ostendere . Cic. Consules se Op time ostendunt, Id The
consuls carry themselves so as to g ive great hopes f rom them.—O s
TENTARE, ( frequentative of ostendere ) to showMen, to showoftenin a boas ting manner, to point out a th ing ca refully . Op es S idomas
234
‘Ter . Historia non deb et egred iver itatem,
Plin . Ep ., H istory gughtnot togo beyond the truth .
996 . Existere. Et to re.
ExI S'
r ERE (f rom ex and sisto ) and EXTARE (f romex and sto )d ifi
'
er
‘
in th is, tha t ex istere implies change from a place. Existere ab
inferis.Liv. C icero, speaking cf thefi rst shoots that come out ingprxing ,Says
,G ramina ex istunt .
' Qu,i,ppe vid ere l icetvivos existerevermes
stercore de te tro .
“Luer. Figuratively Evir tutibus beatavita ex
istit. Cic. Ex familiaex istere, l d To be born of, or to issue f roma family .
— EXTARE denotes no motion at all . Extarc ex
T0 appear above thewater . Ex istere ex aqua is to r isef rom thewater.Figuratively Senatusconsultumextat nullum. Cic. Extat memoria,sunt tabulze publicaz. Id .
997. Er ister e. Esse.
EXISTERE, synonymous with Esse , denotes actual ex istence and
Essa property in the subj ect. Res qua: in p rze sentiaex istunt. Cic.
N unc h on or est p ietati. Id . Est et tuae et nostri imp eri i dign itatis. Id .
998 . Exolescere. Inolescere. Obsolescer e.
EXOLESCERE , (from. ex and olor , odour ) p roperly , to have lost itssmell, to lose strength . I t is only used figuratively to
out of use. .E tas tua j am ad ea p atiend a exoleverat , Cic Owingto.your age, you was not able to saf er those th ings. Exolevit favor,Liv. , H ts infl uence was lost. 1 Nondum ea clades exoleverat, Tac.,
1 The remembrance Qf tha t loss still ex isted. Exoletus puer , Cic., Aru ined young man exhausted with debauchery .
— IN0 L£ sc12RE, togrowup and streng th en. Bd e alien i
‘
i ex arbore ge rmen includunt , ud o
que docent inolescere l ibr o . Virg .— OBSOLESCBRE , to be out of
f ash ion or use ; to be sta ined and dishonoured. Obsolevit j am istao rati o . C ic. In h omin e turp issimo obsolescunt d ignitatis insign ia . Id .
999 . Er onera re. Deoner are.
EXONERARE, (f rom ex and onus ) to unload, to unburden . Lanammollire puellae d iscant, et p lenase xonerare colos. Ovid . Figural ively Fidem ex onerat e , Liv. , To perf orm one
’
s promise . Exone
rare aliquem me tu, Id . , To f ree , one f romf ea r.—DEONERARE, to
take of part of the burden it is not f ound but in thefigura tive sense .Deonerare ali quid ex invidiaal terius, et in se traj icere, Cic., Tof reea person f rompart of the odium, and take it upon one
‘
s - self . Hewhocomp letelp erf orms his p romise, fidem exonerat ; hewho p erforms onlypa rt of it, fidem deonerat. G. D .
1 000 . Er optar e. Prceoptare.
Exo r r ARE, to wish hea rtily and with j udgement. Sed quem ego
pot1ssim1‘
1m exop tem nunc mih i , cui h aec narrem P Ter . Gratularialicui, et ut semp iterna: laudi sib i sit aliquid ex0 p tare. Cic .
—x—PRJE
pm?) to desire or wish rather . Pun icam Romaniasocietatem atque amicitiam p renop tandam esse . Liv. Ad olescens
perdi tas laudi voluptatem p rmop tat ; bene institutus qua: h onestasun t cxop tat. G. D.
ExORAB I LI s , from ex and o rare ) eas ily to be entrea ted. Non
exorabilis auro .
‘
or .’
Exorabilis et facilis h omo . Cic. Numen ex
orab ile. Juv.— PLACABI LI S , easy to be pacified, placable. Praebere
se p lacab ilem atque exorab ilem. Cic. Placabilem facilemitiges ;exo rab ilem facileflectas . G.
“
D .
1 002.
‘
Exorare.
‘
Perorare.
EXORARE, to get by entreaties . Ille ea exorabat qua volebat auferre , tu exto rques. Cic . Tum facile exorar i , Caesar, tum '
semelexorar i soles . Id .
— PERORARE , to.make an end (f speaking , toconclnde
a speech . Uterque causam c1‘
1m pe ro rasset suam. s ed . Et quo
niam satis multa dix i , et mih i.perorandum. C ic.
1 003. Exor ir i. Exsurger e.
ExOR IRI , ( oriri ex ) to be bor n of, to . spr ing up , to appea r. Ex
or iare aliquis nostr is ex ossibus ul to r. Virg . Sol exoriens. 1 d .
r a tively Repente est ex orta mulier is impor tunaz nefaria lib id oEgo nunc punlum exor ior , etmax imeh is litteris quae Romaatierantur , 1d I beg in to revive, &c.
— EXS URG ER E, (surge re ex ) to r ise up ,speaking of a person si tti ng or lying' down . Scaevo la cum ex surgeret .
Cic . Exsurger e a genibus , Plaut., To r ise op one’
s knees . Figuratively to retrieve a loss, to rise out of trouble, to increase . Exsurget
Resp ublica, Cic . , The Republic shall rega in her authority . S i esset ju
gulata Pompe ianorum causa, nunquam exsu rgeret. 1d . Ex surgit
d olor,Sen The pa in increa ses.
1 004. Expecto re . Prcestola r i . Opper ir i .J EXPECTARE, (spectare ex ) to look for, to be in expecta tion of whatis to happen When we expect anybody , we a re continually on the lookoutf or h is c oming . Sto exp ectans, si quid mih i imp erent . Ter . Ex
pectare-aux ilia . Cars - PRE ST OLAR I , ( stare pr es) to tar ry
'
for , towa itf or one. Quem p rmsto lare , Parmen i o , h ic ante ostium? Ter .
Qui t ib i ad forumAureliump raestolar entur armati . Cic.— OPPER l R I ,
( from ob , and the obsolete p eri o r, to learn, to try, ) to stay on purp osein a p lace where we expect somebody will come, in . o rder to meet h im.
Op per iar h ominem h ic, ut salutem et colloquar . Ter . H ostem magnan imum opp er iens . Virg . Venturos intra paucos d ies nunci os ex
pectamus ; amicum d omi opper imur ; virum p rincipem h ora con
dicta p raestolamur . G . D .
1005. Expedir e. Extricar e.
Exp nmR E, (quasi ex tra p edes dare ) to r id , f ree . or disentangle.
Laque o se exped ire. Cic. Expedi re no dum. I d . Figuratively Se
cura exped ire. Cic . H ens, inquir, sap i ens, exp ed i quid - fecerim,
t d ., You, sa id he, who l elieve yourself so w ise, guess what I havebeen about. EXped ire n egotium, Cic . , To clea r up. an afl a i r . Expe
dire salutem, Id ., To secure one
’
s l ife . Exped ire nomina , Id ., To paydebts — Exrmcmss , ( from ex , and tricae , ha irs ,
or feathers wrappedabout thef eet of ch ickens ) to extr icate, to disengage. Cerva ex tr icata
d ensis p lag is a H or . Figura tively Magna Cumminaris , ex tr icas n ih il, Ph a d . , You announce great th ings, and get noth ing f orwa rd. De
236
Dionysio tuo n ih il adh uc ex trico, Cic . , [have notyet bee n able to hearany th ing certa in about your D ionysius. Nummos unde unde extr icare , H or . , To getmoney by hook or by crook. E luto se expediunt
viatores ; p1agis sese ex tr icant cervi . G. D .
1006 . Ezpendere. Perpendere.
EXPEND ERE, (p endere ex ) to weigh strictly and di ligently Aurumauro expend etur , argentum argent o exmquab imus . Plaut. [figuratively . Cautos nominibus certis expend ere nummos, H or . , To seek
for proper securities in putting out one s money to interest. I t generallys ignifies to consid er, to exami ne carefully . EXpendere argumenta. Cic.
Expend ere testem. Id . And i n another sense , Expendere pu mas . Cic .
Expend ere supplicia, Virg., To sufl
‘
er punishment or chastisement.Expend ere cap ite , Tac . , To be put to death .
— PERPENDERE, to weighcomp letely , to weigh a ll . I t is only f ound in thefigurative sense, ands ignifies to po ise, to eramzne every th ing with the greatest attention . In
iis omn ibus p erpend ito quantum qu isque possit . Cic. D iligentissimemomenta ofiiciorum omnium perpend ere. Id .
1 007. Expcrgd acere. Suscita re.
ExPERGEFACERE, to awaken out if sleep . Te expergef‘
acias . Cic.
Figura tively Terrore sub ito expergefacit Italiam tumultus. Cic.
SUSC ITARE , (f rom sursum ciere ) to r ouse, to sti r up . Ignes ex tinctossuscitare . Ovi d . E somn o suscitare . Cic. Figurat ively : Bellumc ivile suscitare . Cic. Testem suscitare , Id ., To br i ngf orth a witness.Qui novam rat i onem suscitant. Id .
1 008 . Ezpergefactus . Exper rectus .
EXPERGEFAC TUS , awakened out of sleep by another man, or anyexternal cause . Umnus ex 1 15 (mur ibus ) sup er cuban tem casu quodamtransiit ; et expergefactus miserum leo cele ri imp etu abr ipuit . t d .
wakenerl of h imself . Deind é cum somn o repetitosimul cum s ole experrectus essem. Cic. Figura t ively Experrecta
veritas . Cic. Experrecta nob ilitas . Id .
1 009 . Exper iens. Exper tas.
EXPERIEN S ( from the obsolete p eri o r, to learn to try, ) is he thatexperiences, tha t is acqua inted byexper ience with . El decus et p retiumrecte p et it exper iens V i r . H o r . Exper ientissimus arato r . Cic.
— Ex
PERTUS , expert, g”
good exper ience, exper ienced H omo non tam d octus, quam, quod maj us est, expertus . Cic. Cer taminum expertus .
Liv. H omo exper tae audaciee . Id . Experiens denotes actua l expe
r ience, and eu
xpertus signfi es habitual exper ience. Vir experienst emeré suscip i t ; vi r exper tus monere p otest al i os. G. D .
10 10. Exper ientia . Exper imer/tum.
EXPER IEN T IA ,experience, knowledge acqui red by pract ice . Atque
apibus quanta exper ientia par ci s . Virg. Princeps longe
‘
i exper ien
t i a , Tac. , A pr ince of gr eat exper zence.— ExP 1-:R1MEN TUM, exp er iment,
proof, tria l, essay . Max imum est exper imentum, cum t onstet , &c . ,
Cic . t at 1s a grea t p roof, as it is cer ta in, &c. Depreh endere ex
periment is , Quint To fi nd out by exper iments. Minus valent p raicepta quam experimenta. Id . Exper imentis experientiam comparamus . G. D .
1015. Exp lanaté. Exp loraté.
EXPLANATE, ( f rom planus ) pla inly , clear ly, intellig ibly. Defin it erem non p res sé sed exp lanate. Cic.
— Ex p LORATE, to the bottom,
with a strict examina t ion. Haze ita sentio , j udico , et ad te expl oratescr ibo. Cic. Explorate percipere et c ogn oscere . Id .
1016 . Explicar e. Exponere.
EXPLICARE (plicare ex ) to unfold , is p roperly sa id- (y th ings thathave p la its. Vestem explicat e . Cic . Exp licase epistolam, Id ., Toop en a letter . Frontem sollicitam explicare, H or . , To look cheerf ul .Figuratively Expl ica re n egotium, Cic. , To clea r up an af ar — Ex
PONERE, (ponere ex ) to expose or lay in public view. Goods to sella re exposed without be ing unfold ed, exponuntur ; when any body wants
to buy th em, explicantur . Atque ille stravit lectulos, et exposuit
vasa Samia . Cic . Ex ponere frumentum, Id To expose corn to sale.Figura tively Quod ex quibusdam cap itibus eXp ositis, nec explicatis
intelligi p otest. Cic. Non ut quart eremus exposuimus, sed ut ex
plicaremus . Id .
1 0 17. Explorare. Exquir er e. Conquirer e. Requirer e .
ExPLORARE, to sound, to examine. Reliquum est, ut quid agatur ,quoad poter is, exp lores. Cic. Ho stium cop ias explo rare, Cazs., Tor econnoztre the troops of the enemy . Explorare i ter, Liv. , To endeavour tofi nd out a road. Explorand i sunt militum an imi . Tac. Ex
p lorare p o rtas, Virg . , To be upon the wa tch at the gates — ExamK ERR
, to inquire diligently , to sea rch out. Exquire s it-ne ita, ut ego
p raed ico . Plaut . Facta alicuj us ad antiques religionis rati onem ex
qu it et e , Cic., To examine a person’
s actions with the utmost rigour . Invero exquirend o cogitatio max imeversatur . Id . Consilium alicuj usexquirere, Id ., To ask one
’
s advice. Consilium alicuj us explorare,Cues” To sound the designs of anyone.
— CONQU I RERE, (quzerere cum)to seek about, to sea rch for several th ings together . Pecun ia conquiriturund ique . Cic . Ut aliorum facta et eventa conquiram. Id .
— REQUIBEBE, (rursus queerere ) to seek aga in. to ask or demand aga in. Te
requisivi smp ius, ut vid erem. Cic. Requiram d iligentius. Id .
101 8 . Explora tor. Speculator .
EXPLORATOR , according to Popma , is a spy th at creeps amongst theenemy to know what is going on. If he bef ound out he is pun ished withdea th . Ut fama fid em miss ique rep o rtant exploratores. Virg.
— SPECULATOR from speculari ) is hewho goes before the a rmy to examinetheforces of the enemy . Hefi lls an honourable of ice. Hac re Cmsarstat im per speculato res cogn ita. Car s . Th ey ar e u sed in a more genera l sense. Pelagi exploratores. Claud . Quem p roenl ut vidit tumulo sp eculator ab alto . Ovid . Speculatores oculi, Cic., Contemp la ting eyes.
10 19 . Expor tare. D epar tur e. Repor tare.
EXPORTARB, to carry or conveyfrom us to others. Qui in fame frumen tum ex o ttare ansus est . Cic. Exportand um in ultimas terrasmonstrum. d .
-DEPORTARE, to bring fromoth er peoples to our h ome.
Tertia illa quam tecum d eportabas. Cic. N ih il ex ista p rovincia
239
p otes, quod jucund ius sit, deportare . Id . Figuratively Dep ortaretriumph um ex pr ovincia. Cic. Teque non cognomen solum Ath en is dep ortasse , sed h umanitatem. Id .
—REPOETARE,to br ing back to
itsf ormer p lace. Non solum reducti sumus in patr iam, sed equis insignibus et curru aurato repo r tati . Cic.
.li igur atively Rep or tare so
latium, benevolentiam’
. Cic.
0
1020. Expostular e ab a liquo. Expostular e cum a liquo.
EXPO STULA RE AB ALIQUO, to askf or a thing ea rnestly , und as one’
s
due. Vix medius fid ius tu, Fann i , s Balione , aut al iquo ojus similih oc expostulare auderes, et imp etrare osses. C ic.
— EXPOS TULARE
CUM ALIQUO , to compla in Qf one. Sed ocusvidetur esse tecum ex
postuland i . Cic.
1 021 . Exprobr ar e. Opprobrare.
EXPROBRARE, from p r obrum) to upbra id , to reproach . Od iosumsane genus h 0minum est officia exp rob rantium quaememinisse d ebet is in quem collocata sunt , non commemorat e qui contulit. Cic.
— OPPROBRARB, not only to rep roach with , but a lso to obj ect as a d is
grace, to inveigh aga inst. Ut vel b z‘i e ipsa re , qud d ita licebat, opp robraret adversar iis. G ell. Ego -ne i d exprobrem, quod mih imet cu
p io Oppr obrarier? Plaut. Exprobrat qui
‘
commemorat quae praestitit,opprobrat qui opp robrium dicit . G . D .
1022. Evp romere. Dep romere.
EXPROMERE, (premere ex ) to draw out, to p roduce, to br ing out.
Expromere nummos. Var r . Figura tively : Deind é suum exprompsito dium. Cic . Conferr e causas, et quid in quamque s
‘
ententiam die i
possit eXp r omere . Id . ExPromere suppl ic‘ ia in cives. Id .
—'
DEPRO
MERE, to br ingf orth . Vinum cellis d epromere. H or . FigurativelyArgumenta alicund é d ep romere. Cic.
1023. Expugnar e. Debella re. Vincere. Superare .
EXPUGN ARE , to take a town or place by storm, assault, orf orce . It
is only sa id Qf th ing s. Castella expugnavit . Cic. Domos expugnare.
H or . Figura tively Per tinaciam alicuj us expugnare. Liv. —DEBELLARE, to end the wa r , to wea ken the enemy so as to disable h imf romcontinu ing the contest. Debellatum est cum Graecis, Liv. , The waris ended with the Greeks. Debellatus vi h ostis. Id . Parcer e subj ectiset deb ellare superbos.
‘
Virg.— VINCERE, tovanquish , to
'
conquer an
a rmy is vanquished when it is obliged to retire from thefi eld of battle.V incer e acvincivultu eod em. Liv. Fund itus h ostes V incere . Cic.
]t is taken in a more g enera l sense. Vinci avolup tate. Cic. Labo rimp robus omn ia vincit .Virg . Qui crudelitate h ostesvicer it. Cic.
SUPERA RE , ( sup er ire ) to go over, to leap clean over . Superantmontes, et flumina tramant . Virg . Ascensu
,
supero fastigia tecti .Id . Sup erare , synonymous
'
with the others, signifies, to surmount : courage and valour ar e necessary ad vicend um ; patience and strength adsuperandum. C onstantia et gravitate aliquem sup erare . Cic. Do
l ores superare virtute . Ovid . Si cum aliis certet , l ongé multumquesuperabi t. Id . Injurias for tunae sup erare . Cic. Pugnando sup erare .
Ov1d .
. Contendere et sup erare . Cic. Si subitam orationem commentat1o facilevincit, h anc ipsam profectc
‘
) d iligens scriptura supe
rab it. Id . Superare seems to express more than Vince re . Vinceresupposesfight ing sup erare supposes struggling aga inst obstacles .
1 024. Exsatiare . Exsaturare.
EXSAT IARE, to g lut, is on ly used in afigur ative sense. Clade d omus exsatiata . Ovid . Ne morte quidem P. Scipionis exsatiari, nis iet ipsius fama sepulti laceraretur . LlV.
— EXSATURARE, toglut up, to
sa tia te completely . Sed qua visceribus veniebat bellua p ont i exsaturanda me is. Ovid . Figuratively : Exsaturata lib id o . Cic. Exsa
turare animum alicuj us supplici o . I d .
1 025. Extinguere. Opp rimere.
EXT INGUERE, (f rom £55, and ar itw, ar iyw, pungo ) to extinguish ,to put out any th ing that is burn ing . Ex tinguere ignem. Cic. Fig u
r atively Causam d issensionis nascentem extinguere. Cic. Extinguinon potuit, Flor . , He could not be destroyed.
— OPPR IMERE, (premereob ) to press r ound, to sufl bcate. Opp rimere ignem. Cic. FigurativelyDanda op era est, ne qua amicorum di ssid ia fiant ; sin tale aliqu idevenerit, ut ex tincta potius amicitia , quam opp ressa videantur .
Cic. Adolescentes mori sicvidea tur, ut cumaqua multitud in evisflamma oppr imitur ; senes autem sic, ut sua Sp onte, nullaadhibita
vi consump tus ign is ex tinguitur . Id .
1 026. Extorquere. Expr imere. Elicere. Emungere.
EXTORQUERE, (torquere ex ) to extort. Ille ea exorabat qua volebat aufer re, tu ex torques. Cic.
— EXPR IMERE, (premere ex ) prop erly, to p ress or stra in out. Exp rimere oleum. Plin . FigurativelyAb invitis pecuniam exp r imere. Cic. Sensus atque unimos voce exp r imere. Id .
—EL ICERE, (f rom the obsolete lacire, in fraudem inducere , and 6) to draw or ent ice out. Elicere p rami o . Cic. Arcanaalicuj us el icere . L1V .
— EMUNGERE, (mungere £3 ) to wipe or suuj
‘
out. Cujus pater cub ito se emungere solebat. Cic. FigurativelyEmunx i argento senes. Ter. Pyth ias emuncto lucrata Simone tal entum. H or .
1 027. Extrd . Extrinsecz‘
ts .
EXTRA , without, an the outside, j b r the question ubi. Sensibus et
an imo ea qua extrasunt percipimus . Cic. Ex trais also a p reposit ion.
Ex tra ost ium. Ter. Ex tra culpam esse . Cic.— Em N SEcvs ,f rom
without,for the question uud é . Accipere ali quid ex trinsecus. C ic.
1 028 . Extrahere. Evellere.
EXTRAH ERE, ( trah ere ex ) to draw out, to j b rce out, to drag out.
Extrah itur domo latitans Oppianicus. Cic. Telum é co rp ore ex trah ere . Id . Figuratively : Extrah ere se ex aliquo negotio. Ter. Cuid itates rad icitfis extrah ere. Cic. I t a lso s ignifies to delay , top rolont sin e 11110 efi
'
ectu a tas ex trah eretur . Liv. Bellum extrah ere. I
Triduum di sputationibus ex trah itur . Ca s . Pars maj o r ann i certamin ibus extracta . Liv.
— EVELLERE, (vellere e) to pluck out, to rootout . Plantam ca no evellere . H or . Excisa est arbo r, non evulsa . Cic.
Figuratively Inserere n ovas o iniones, insitas evellere . Cic. Evellere sibi scrupulum ex an imo . d .
cati, Op in i one autem h 0minum, si est pa na damnati:Cic. Ex ilium
non supplicium est, sed perfugium por tusque suPph cii. Id . Af terwards exi le was what was called banishmentfor [i e . Patria exul .
’
Cic.
— Ex '
r o nn i s (quasi é te rra) is a man who has neither house nor home ,
one who isfor oed to live out of h is country for any cause'
w ha tever .Exto rrem patria, domo , inopem c0 0per tum .miseriis efi
’
ecit . Sall .
Exul atque ex tor ris ab solo patri o . Liv. Non omnis exul extorrisest, nec extorr is quilibet exul. G. D .
1 033. Fabr ica . Fabr icatio.
FABR ICA (f rom fab er ) is p roperly sa id of works in iron, or otherh ar d mater ia ls , in wh ich the working man makes use of a hammer it
is a lso sa id Qf the ar t itself , and qf thework- shop . Mate ria quid juvaret,n isi confectionis ej us fabricambaberemus
? C ic. Vulcanus quiLemu ifabrica pra fii isse dicitur . Id . Fe rrea fabrica . Plin . Figura tivelyFabricam ad aliquem fingere, Ter ., To ca rry on an intrigue, in orderto cheat one.
— FABRICAT I O , the a ct of doing a work,the making of a
th ing . H omin is fabr icatio . Cic. Immutat1 o in ve rb o fabr icationemnon h abet , sed in oratione . Id .
1034. Fabricator. Mach inator.
FABR ICA '
r on fi om fab er ) is pr operly sa id (f a man working witha hammer it is a ls o taken in a more encra l s ense. Fab ricator imitatusex emplar. Cic. Minutorum opus orum fab ricator Myrmeid es. Id .
Figuratively : Doli fabricator. Virg.— MACH INATOR , (f romP" ) emf,
an engine ) a maker or inventor of instruments, ch iefly of war . lli
corum inst rumentorummach inator. Liv. Figuratively Mach inato rscelerum. Cic.
1035. Fabula . Fabella . fl pologus .
FABULA ( from far i ) is properly 0 ser ies of words, a discourse, as tory . Lupus in fabula. Cic. De te fabula narratur . H or . I t is sa idof afalse story . Fabula est in quanecvera necver isimiles res contip entur , cuj usmod
‘
i est, angues ingentes al ites j uncti j o . Cic. Ficti s
nos meminerit j ocar i fabulis . Ph a d . It is also sa id 0“
a p lay or comedy . Populo ut lacerent quas fecisset fabulas. Ter .
-FABELLA ,
diminutive of fabuiii ) a short ta le or story , a l ittle interlude or p lay .
era fab ella. Ph a d . Fabella Eur ip idis. Cic. Si nec fab ella te j uvant , nec fabula .Ph a d .
— APOLOGUS , (f rom duband Adyog ) an apo
logue, a moral and instructive fable. S i aud itor is studium d efatigatioabal ienavi t acausa, non inutile est ab aliqua re novaaut r id icula incipere, qua vel apologum,
vel fabulam, vel aliquam cont ineat i rrisionem. Cic.
1 036. Fabular is . Fabulosus.
FABULAR Is, concern ing a fii ble. Fabular is h is to ria no
t itia . Suet .— FA BULO S US , fubulou5, much talked (J. Fabulosa anti
quitas . Plin . Fabulosas Hydaspes. Hor . Pl iny calls mount Atlas fabulosissimum Afr ica montem, themostfamousmounta in of Afr ica .
94
1037; Facere. Agere. Gerere.f
'
FAbERé, tomake, to p erpetra te, to - ej’
ect i t is'
s l ordeterminate th ings . Caed em
‘
facere. Cic. Id .
I ter facere . Id gossam, Classem facere. Caes .;-
,AGERE, to be act
ing , to‘persona ls;to drive‘on, toma'
ve on, to‘treat ”N if ffl with itdoes
not expr ess,‘
ashfacere ‘ does, the, si ngle act pf
p roducing but a series Qf cares‘
and’
a n egot ium, cunichios; diem,vocem, auimam,, finem
u
, si p .
_c1c. .
,Jurpgma
agere . Agere navem,
‘
H or . Non, giadus r‘necurp, ‘sed h trbus
agi tii r . Cic.
"
Agi pra cip itemfiId . Aguntur inj ur iae socxorurp, a itur
vis legum. Id . Ruri vitaw‘a ere. Id .,Agere mag istratum, l To
act the po rtof a mag istra te . ermissum a‘Senatu Consulibus, age
rent, faceren t, .l twould beiinjn¢er
e
language to say agere fiderri ,I
su'
mptus,‘
oe
d us, ali uid irritum .facereis the proper wordwi th the aboi 'eaexprgssions. e howevérfi nd agere iter
'
in good authors. A'
rnbo p r'
opositum
p eragunt ite r. H or . Ergo iter incoeptum peragunt, fluvioque prop inquant. Virg .
— GERBER, properlyto carry'
a load or burden. Galeam
ge rere in cap ite . C . Nep .-Be11a manu Ieth umlque gero.V irg . F igu
r a tively to carry on,or execute wha t one ha sunder taken it implies the
management of a thing , an admin istration either good or bad . Gereremagistratum, ,
rempublicam, f
negotiumwbellum,res egregias . Cic.
Remmalegerere . Id . Poé taffacit fabulam, et non agit ; but Acto ragit‘ fabulam, et no
‘
n‘ facit. ,Ir
il i ke manner Imp erator qui d icitur res
gerere , in eo neque agit, neque facit sed gerit, i . e . sustinet. Patronus agit causam, non ge rit. et corp oris, etvocis, et ment is agitatum
- compreh eud it ; facere taututu refer tur ad
p pera,’
quae corp ore lefficimus gere reest
‘
muneris et p ueris} ( Ita agiti s , cuj us p ost acti onem
,opus non extat, ‘
ut actor,facit i s, cuj us
‘
Opusr ema'
net, ut script or,statuarius, p ictor ; gen t dux,et magistratus, aut curato r. Est
,ej us generiss actip quoque qua
m
dam, et quidem talis, ut ra ti o p ostulat; agere aiiquid , et facereeti am.
Cic., Id em
'
in siinilibus ar tibus contin’
git, quarum omneOpus est infacierid o atque agend‘
o . Id.
G
FACERE F‘ I’DEM, toO
insp irewith confi dence. ,Natus
i
’
tuus'
non facitfidem. Cic
-
Iii j us nunquam feceris . Id .
to p ass one'
s ivord .
'
Accj pe'
, dafque'
fldeiii/V irigl'
Fi derri publicamdare . Sall. J
1 039'
Fac'
er ej ineni. Ha l'rer e
‘finem.
FACERE F INEM, to put an end to. Finem'
faciaar scr ibend i. Cic.
- F1 NEM4HABERE, \to have an end , _to Le a t an end . Quandfifinemhabet motus, vivendi finem h abeat n ecesse est. Cic. JAvarus exaggerandee pecuniaa facit finem, quem. h abet vitae spat ium. G . D .
1040 . Facer efugarn'
. Vertere terga . Verter e solzim.
a‘usesan
I
tergaverterent. Gas — Su ms VERTERE, to run om one’s country,to change it[or another . Qui erant rerum cap i
°
um damnati, non
prius c1vitatem.
amittebant quam erant in earn recepti, quovertendi,1d est, mutand l soh causisvenerant. Cic.
1041 . Facere sermonem. Habere sermonem.
Fscs a s SERMONEM, to write down, to ar range a conversationmethodically.
— HABERE SERMONEM, to hold a conversation. Feci se rmonemdmbxtum in Cumano inter nos. Cic. Cyrus in se rmone quemmoneus h abui t. Id . Habere sermonem is a lso used in another sense.Habet is sermonem bene l ongum, Cic., You have j ust hea rd a long
1 042. Facere orationem. Habere orationem.
IfAcs Rs ORAT IONEM, to comp ose a discourse. Ignarus faciendae acpoh endae orationis. Cic.
- H ABERE ORAT IONEM, to speak, to delivera speech either in a public or a pr ivate way. Mitiss imam in Senatuorationem h abuit. Cic. Tu quam orationemPompeius h abuerit tecum, fac mih i perscr ibas . Id .
1043. Facereverba . Habere Verba .
FACERE V ERBA , to deliver a sp eech in public. Verba facere in Senatu, apud Senatum. Cic. I t is said of a priva te conversation. N equeverbum d e te faci o . Cic.
— VERBA HABERE is found only once inCicero in
’
wh ich instance th ere is noth ing relat ing to a public discourseone person only i smentioned as sp eaking . S i unusquisque velitverba
ipectare, et non ad voluntatem ej us quiverba h abuerit, accedere.
10 .
1 044. Facies. Vultus. Frans .
Peonas , says Popma , natural is oris sp ecies, quaz eadem semp ermanet ; vultus, h ab itus faci e i ad scititius , qui pro motu animi et voluntatis mutatur. Faci es includes the nose, the mouth , the eyes, thecheeks . Faciem non p ossumus n ob is fingere. Cic. Deco ra faci es.H or . Figuratively Armorum civilium fac i es . Tac. Tammultaescelerum facies. Virg .
— VULTUS , ( fromvelle ) looks, countenance, thatdenote the sentiments of the sou l. Vultus qui sensus animi plerumgl
ue
indicant. Cic. Recordamini faciem, atque illos ej us fietos sim a
tosquevultus. Id . Prorsus in faci e vultuque vecord ia inerat. Sall.v'fltus is only said of the human sp ecies. Vultus qui in nullo animanteesse p raeter h ominem otest. Cic. fi guratively Unus e rat toto natura:vultus in orbe. gfi i — FRONS , thef orehead, that par t of thefacetha t isf rom the root of the ha ir to the eye
-brows. N iveapendebantfronte cap illi. Ovid. It is sa id of theface itself . Frons liomims saepementitur . C ic. Frons tranquilla et serena. Id . Figura twely: Fronscausze
,Quint . , The beg inning of the cause. Octo coh ortes i n fronte
constituit. Sall. E quar e frontes ..Liv. Frons illi perut, Pe rs ., He
h as lost all shame.1045. Facili tas . Lenitas .
FAC I L ITAS,easiness inf org iving or antin anyth ing , comp la isance.
Male d ocet te mea facil itas multa. Ts; eam facrlitatem laudate ,
cumvob is non meo jud ici o , sed studi o vestro ind uctus respopd ero .
Cic. Dign itate p r incipibus excellit, facilitate par inO
fimis essevi detur.I i — LBN I TA S , len ity , soflness . Lenitas est j ust itia in mod era ti one
animadverteud i. Cic. Leni tatemmollitia imitatur . Id . Inep ta le
‘
in‘ irnper io; Sen . , The wis e man'
has a command overriches; th
'
ef ool ish main is a slave to them. COPIA and COPIE , syno
nymous with the others, signi/yabunda nce, plenty . D ivitiarumfructusest in copia; cop iam autem d eclarat satietas rerum: C ic. Si te ad
d ucamus ut h oc suscip ias, er it mate ria digna facultate et c0piatua.
Id . Publ icani suas rati ones et cop ias in illam p rovinciarn comtalerunt. Id .
’
Singulorum cop itn parvae sunt ; co rum aut em, qui egeant ,infinite; mul titudo . Id . Figurat ively : Rerum cop iaverbo rum Cop iamgign it. Cic.
1049 . Fama . Rumor .
FAMA ‘
(f romprim) , no ise ) and RUMOR a re different, so f ar thatfama
Q
is understood and' denotes somethin of more
importance and solidity . Fame“
; sup er asth era n otus. V i rg. In servirefarms . Cic.
— Rummyis only a rep ort that goes about. Quotidiequesvolumus aud imus, sed ad h uc s ine“
auctore, rumore nunci o . Cic. Ni
hil perfertur ad n os'
p raeter rumo res. Id . Rumor est se rmo uidams id e ullo ce rto auctor e dispersus,
'
cui maligni tas initium'de t, ia
.crementum'
crédulitas . Quint.
1050 . Famosas. Inf amis .
Famosus, famous, much spoken of . Urbs famosa , Tac., sp ea k ingof Rome . Ponet famosaamortis amorem. H or . It
“
isvery (Wen used in a
bad sense. Namme ad famosas mater vetuit acced ere . Cic. Carmenfamosum, H or .,
A lampoori , a defama tory poem.— INFAM
_1 8 ( sine
fama) is always used in a bad sense it expr esses a’
man lost to a ll senseof honour, a man d
ig-raced in the eyes ofvirtuous people. H omines
vitiis atque omn i d ecore infames. Cic. I t is likewise sa idAtihus infamis pestilentifi . Liv.
1051 . Famula . Ancilla .
FAMULA , (f rom famil ia) a maid-servant enj oy ing her freedom she
wasa confi dent ial serva nt. Quinquaginta intus famulw, qulims o rdmelongo cura p enum struere, et flammis '
ad olere Penates . V i rg .
— AN
C I LLA, (f rom the obsolete word ancular
'
e, to admin ister ) a female servant , a wait ing-woman, who was in a stateQf slavery . An partus umcillzn in fructu sit h abendus . Cic. Ancillam dominae j ussu al iquidfacere. Id .
1052. Famulus . Servus . Verna .
FAMULUS , a man-servant, a househo ld servant. Parare pecuniam,
equos , famulos . Cic. Famul i Idea matris , Id ., The pri ests of Cybele.
Famulus was af ree man.— SERVUS , (f rom se rvare , because the p rie
souers made from the enemy were p reserved instead of being k i lled ).
a
slave, _
a servant in a state of slavery . Servus was the property of hiswho migh t ‘
s’
ell, exchange, or dispose of him zn any way he
p leased. Servi quorum fortunes conditi o intima‘
es t. Cic.
,
Servos deRep
‘
ublica bene m'
er itos perseepé'
libertate'
d onari Vidimus . Id .
247
V ERNA , a home-born slave . Quid , nu'
trici non missurus quiérmam,
qua:wernas al it Plaut. Verna mmssterns ad nutus aptus h er iles.
Her .
FALSUS ,‘
f rom fallé re ) deceimng , and'
deceived ,fa lse. Falsus so
d al ibus , Cic., Deceiving h is companions . Tace , false Ph ilocrates,Plaut ., Hold your tongue, dissembling Philocr ates
. Falsus es, Ter . ,
You aremistaken. L1tterae_falsae et corrup taz. Cic.
— FALLAx , deceitf ul, tha t is in the habit of deceiving . Fallaces astrologi . Cic. Se rvusfallax . Ovid . Sp es faisa et falla
’
x . Id . Merces fallaces et fucoses .
Id .— FELLAK , (
Iperhaps f rom p ellis ) a deceiver, onewho artfully con
ceai s h is deceit. nvidiased enim postquam pellacis Ulyssei su
p eris concessit ab oris. Virg .
1054. Fanaticus. Lymphatus. Lymphaticus.
FANAT ICUS , f rom fanum) insp ired with a divinef ury.
ph ilosoph i. Cic. Carmine fanaticovaticinar i. Liv. Fanaticus error.”
H or .— LYMPH ATUS , ( quas i nymph atus ) afi
'
r igh ted , a visiona ry . The
anci ents though t tha t he tur ned mad who had seen a certa in nymph in a
f ounta in: Et tunc quidem velut lymph ati et attoniti , munimentissuis trep id o agmine mcid erunt. Liv. Lymph ati milites, Tac. , Fu
r ious sold i ers .— LYMPHAT ICUS, distracting , frightful. Lymphatica
s omnia. Plin . Lymph aticus pavor, Liv., A distracting fr igh t.phatici nummi aure i , Plaut., Gold that burns in one
’
s pocket i .one isin a great hurry to spend, and cannot keep .
1 055. Farif Loqui . Dicere. Perhiber e.
FAR I from poiw, (pay) , to sp eak, ) is prop erly tomake use of thefaculty we have ofutter ing articulate sound s, in order to communicate ourideas, were it only in oneword hence or ig inates infans, non fans . Pu ernascias fari . H or . Far i , if I may be allowed the exp ress ion, has an
a ntique look, a solemn and ceremon ious turn, that gives it a nobler wayQf expression, wh ich is not in loqui nor dicere . Tum ad eos is Deusqui omnia genuit, fatur : Hmo vos, &c. Cic.
— LOQUI , fromAo'
yo; ,sermo ) to sp eak as an intelligent being ,
wh ich naturally cannot be sa idcf an imals. Th erefore Vi rgi l says : Pecudesque locutaz, infand um.
Ap e rteloqui. Cic. Loqui is p roperly sa id Qf a letter. Accep i tuas
episto las : puré loquuntur h umanitatis sale sparsee. Cic.— DICERE;
(from ri sinw, to sh ow ) to exp ress one’
s ideas in order. Desinant dicere malealiquem locutum esse , si qu isvereac liberé locutussit. Cic. Loqui becomes a log ician, and dicere an orator . Aliud vid etur o rati o esse, al iud d isputatio , neci d em laqui esse , quod dicere.Cic. Scip i o , collega meus, mih i sanebene et loquivid etur et dicere .I d . Ut h oc videlicet d ifl
'
erant inter se, qud d hwc rati o d icend i latiors it , illa loquend i contractior . Id . It would bevery prop er to sa
Nonnullos vid ere est, qui graviter fari incip i entes, cum p ermultalo'
cut i sunt, pauca tamen dix isse visi sunt. G. D .— PERH IBERE, to say,
to afi rm. Coelum n ostri Gran perh ibent aeth era.
‘
Cic. Benequiconj icit;vatem hunc perh ibebo Optimum. Id .
,
FASC IA , a scarf ; a large band properfor d ifierent uses . Fascia'lecti.
C10 . Fascia p ect oralis . Mart : L'
ata fascia. Ovid. Devinctus e rat
948
fasciis . Cic. a ribband, or head-band , wherewith p riests ,p riestesses , altars, victims were dressed. Salvite criualesvittas. Vir
g.
Red imitus temp ora vittis. 1d . Velatus aura vittisque j uvencus. I— T2£ N IA , (f rom fi lm , t end o ) a ligature, a long and na rrow ribband .
Pun iceis evincti temp ora twniis . Virg . Fit longee tina ia vittaz, ianectitque comas . Id .
1057. Fascis. Fasces. Fascia tlus.
FA SC I S ( f rom paxe'
AAw, a parcel, ) s ignifies properly, th ings tiedup in a bundle to be carried together. Injusto sub fasce Viam dum car
p it. Virg. Fasces stramentorum ac virgultorum. Cars . In thepluralit is also takenf or tha t bund le Qf birchen rods car ried bef ore the Romanmag istrates, with an ar e bound up in the middle of them, so as to ap
pea r at the top. Praetoribus p raeferre fasces . Cic. Brutus p ri or, conced ente collega, fasces h abuit. Liv. It is never used in this sense inthe singula r.— FASC ICULUS , diminutive of fascis ) a l ittle bundle. E i
stolarum fasciculus . Cic. Fas ciculum ad nar es admovebis, incen es
odo res. Id .
1058 . Fater i. Confi ter i . Pr ty‘iter i.
PATERI , to own, to acknowledge. Ct‘
im tutefassus ess es te i d crimen tantd antemetuisse. Cic. I t generally supposes a question hasbeen asked . H inc sum rogaturus , navew d ebeant -ne ; fatebuntur . Cic.
— CONFI T ERI , to acknowledge f reely , to conf ess : confessing impliestha t someth ing wrong has been done. Vir sap iens eccatum suum,
quod celari p osset, maluit confiter i. Cic. Gum i p oss et inficiari,rep ente confessus est . Id — PROFI TERI
, to decla re openly , to professpubl icly. Patco r atque etiam p rofiteo r et p rat me fero perd uellionis
j udicium ame fuisse sublatum. Cic. H oc ego non solumconfiteo r ,verdm et iam profiteor . Id . Herefollows an examp le, show ing in their
p roper l ight the true d ifier ence between the th ree words ment ioned inthis article. Confi tetur , atque ita confitetur , ut non so lfim fateri , sedet iam p rofiter i videatur. Cic.
1059 . Fatiscere. Deh iscere.
FAT I SCERF, (fatim h iscere ) to ch ink , to chap , to be dissolved. Ac
cipiunt inimicum imb rem, r imisque fatiscunt (naves ) . Virg . Fa
tiscit haud unquam ( tellus ) manibus j actata, Id ., That earth althoughmoved does not dissolve . Figuratively Mens expugnara fatiscit. Stat .— DEH I SCERE, (h iscere d c) to cleave, to open wide . Sed mih i veltellus optem p rius ima d eh iscat. Virg. Caelumamed ia regi on e deh iscit. Ovid . q uor d eh iscit. Virg. lEquo r fatiscit wo
~ ld be imp r oper. Fatiscit tellus signifies. the earth is dissolving ; Deh iscit tellus,the earth gapes and is open.
1060 . Fa tum. Providentia .
FATUM , from fari , fatus ) f ate. Pagan phi losophers calledfate a
conca tena tion q"
.secondary causes subordinate the one to the other, that
had necessarily its efiect. Fa te was an a llegorical God , holding in hishands the urn wh erein the des tiny of all men was inclosed . His decr eeswere irrevocable, and h is po wer so great tha t all the other gods submittedto it. Fati necess itas quod aDeo constitutum et des ignatum est ,
ut eveniat, causarum seri es semp iterna, cause wternaz rerum fu tu
rarum, causm inclusze in rerum natura, Cic. Pagans themselves had
liquidum tenui gutture cantat avis. Ovi d.— JUGULUM,
of the neck, wh ere the wind -p ipe is. Dare j ugulum c
Jugula sua pro meo cap ite Clodi o ostentarunt. Cic.
1065. Fax . Tceda . Funale.
FAx ,
'
a flambeau, either of wood or of meta l ; those of wood weresmeared over , and those of metal filled, with an inflammable greasysubstance. Multifidee faces, Ovid . , Pieces of wood sp lit into severalquarters toma ke fl ambeaux of: Figuratively Faces d olorum, Cic. ,
Fi ts of pain . Invidia: faces. Id . Inflammar i corp oris facibus, Id .,
To burn with the fi re of concup iscence . Ad d ere alicui faces, Tac.,
To excite one.— T2EDA , a piece of a
“
p ine or any other resinous tree,tha t was ligh ted up to serve as aflambeau. Pinea taeda. Ovid . Taed as
sylva al ta ministrat. Virg . Sic efi'
ata facem j uveni conj icit, et atrolumine fumantes fix it sub p ectore teed as . Id . Figura tively Felicestaedm, Catul., A happyma rr iage.— FUNALE , a torch made if twistedhemp with wax or resin about it. V incunt funalia noctem. V i rg . It
is a lso sa id of a cord. Funda med ia d uo funalia imparia habebat. Cic.
1066 . Facialis. Caduceator .
FEC IALI S , a herald a t a rms, who was sent to denounce war or procla impeace. Pr iusquam ind icerent bellum, iis aqu ibus injuxias factas sciebant, faciales legatos mittebaut quatuor, quos arato resvocabant. Varr . The Feciales consisted of a college of p ri ests, whose ch iefemploy was to qfiiciate in decla rations of war and treaties of peace, ora ll iances , wh ich public acts th ey consecrated by relig ious rites it is in
th is sense tha t Cicero says, sp eak ing of Ver res Habemus h ominemin fecialiummanibus ed ucatum, unum p raeter ca teros in publicis re;ligionibus fe deram sanctum ac d iligentem.
- CADUCEAT 0 R, f romcaduceus. ) The caduceus was a rod, or tipstafl
'
, with two snakestwisted round it, wh ich poets a ttribute to Mercury . Caduceus w as one
of the symbols of peace. The hera ld who was sent to the enemy to
p roposals to them, had a caduceus in h is hand . Ipsos se in deditionemconsulis caduceum p re ferentes permisisse. Liv.
1067. Ferar . Fertilis. c undus. Uber .
PERAK , (f rom ferre ) properly , that which deligh ts in producing .
Venenorum ferax Iberia. H or . Terra i erax Cerere, multoque feracior uvis. UVid e— FERT I L IS, tha t can produce. Ager, quamvis fert ilis, s ine cultura fructuosus esse non p o test. Cic. Fertil is fructuumager. Id . Fertilis h 0minum frugumque Gall ia. Liv.— F(ECUNDO S ,f ru itful, tha t has in itself the p r inciple of producing ; speaking of ani
mals , the ea rth , spi r its, but not of trees. Sue n ih il genuit natura faecundins. Cic. Fossionibus fit terra fmcund ior . Id . Fcecundum
concute p ectus. Ph a d .— Us e s is sa id of excellent ground . abun
dant. Rivi uberes lactis. Hor . Terris uberibus fert ilis Umb ria.
Pr oper t. Figura tively Ingen ium uberius . Ovid . Vir o rnatusuberr imis ar ti bus. Cic.
1 068 . Perim. Justitiurn.
FERIB , (a feriend is victimis ) holidays, days f ree f r om labour.Feriarum rati o in liber is requietem h ab et litium et j urgwmm ; in
sem s, operum et labo rum. Cic. Ferias et j ocos celebrat e. LIV.
251 .
JUSTI T I UM , from. j us and stare ) thevacations, the time when the
courts of lawd id not sit (usually commanded upon anypublic ca lamity )Justitium per
"
aliquot dies servatum. Liv. Justitium remittere,Id ., To open aga in the courts if law . Justitium, in Tacitus, is sa id
of an intermission of mi litary exercises.
1069 . Fer itas. Ferocia . Fer ocitas.
FERITAS , cruelty,.
a f erocious temper. Ex feritate ad mansuetud inem traducer
‘
e
'
. Cic. Neque ipsemanus feritate d ed isset . Virg.
FEROC IA , f ierceness, presumption, a rrogance. lmpetum glad iatorisferociamque comp rime re . Cic. Ferocia is sa id of th e actua l state,
‘
and ,
FIiiiOCI TAs of the habitual one : it is of ten used to express a hot.j ierytemper. Irifirmitas puerorum, fer ocitas j uvenum,
et gravitas j amcon
'
s
'
taptis'
astatis. Cic. I t is sa id of?ferocity , cruelty , Ferocitat
vietoi iee extimescere. Cic.
1 070. Ferre. Portare. Vehere.
FERRE, to support, to tear up, whether in the same p lace ormovingto ( inbther . It is sa id of phys ica l and moral th ings. Ferre jugum.
or? Lectica per Opp idum ferri . Cic . Ferre d olorem. Id. I ta
feruixt rati ones meat. Id . Ferre sententiam. Id . Rex te inoculis
ferebat. Ter. Fe rre tr ibum, Cic. , To get the sufi‘
rages of a tribe.PORTARE , (f rom no
'
po; , a passage ) to ca rry f rom one p lace to ou
other, either on one’
s a rms, head, back, &c. [t is only sa id of materialth ings, or those cons idered as such poetically . Naves por t
'
abant legatosHomam. Liv. Portare b ellum. Virg. Fallaciam p o rtare alicui. Te r.I tmaymoreover be observed that p ortare is hardly ever sa id of a l igh tload it would not be p roper to sayp ortare annulum ferre is thewordin such a case.- 'VEH ERE, to carry in anymanner , to carry by land orwater. Curra veh i . Cic. Equus in quo veh ebar . Id . Veh ere fructusex agris. Liv. Cibum oreveh it formica. Ovid . Figuratively Tan
quam ratis in mari immenso n ostraveh itur orati o . Cic.
1 071 . Ferre ad populum. Rd'
er r e ad populum.
FERRE AD POPULUM , to propose to the people a law, or anyoth erthing , for thei r approba tion or rej ection. Cum p rimum magistratuminiisset, ad p opulum ferret , ut Fab ium d ecemvirum esse j uberent.Liv.— REFERRE AD POPULUM , to report a th ing to the people, inorder to consult th em about it. Postulabatur ut consules eam rem ad
p opulum refer rent. Liv.
1 072. Ferre f ructum. Cap ere f ructum.
FERRE FRUCTUM, to ga in advantage, to prove benefi cial. Quarumrerum
.f‘
ructum satis magnum me tulisse putabo . Cic. Sedulitasmeaet mih i et Reipublicae tulit fructum. Id .
— CAPERE FRUCTUM, to
gain advantage. Magnum fructum studiorum optimorum cap is. Cic.
1 073. Ferre pedem. Efl'
er re pedem. Infer r e pedem.
FERRE PEDEM , to go to. Quem ne ferre p edem ded ecuit ch orrsH or . Huc intro tulisti p edem. Plaut. Inde d omum, si fortep edem,
si forte tulisset, me refero . Virg.— EFFERRE PEDEM , to sti r out of
doors: Qui p edem p ortanon ex tuler it. Cic. Me-ne efi’
erre p ed em,
gen itor, te p osse relicto, sperasti? V irg.
— INFERRE PEDEM, to set
foot in, toadvance towards . Ultra inferens p edem ad unum omnesoccidi t. Liv. Clamore renovato inferunt p edem. Id .
1074. Fer reus. Ferratas .
FERREUS, made Qf i ron. Annulus ferreus. Ovid . FigurativelyFer reus essem, si te non amarem. Cic. S omnus ferreus, Virg ., An
unconquerable sleep . Ferrea gens. Id .— FERRATUS , done with iron.
Ferrata h as ta. Liv. Ferrat i o rbes, Virg ., ca rt or char iot-wheels.
1075. Fervere. Mervescere. Ebullire.
FERVERE , to bail, to beviolent] ag itated . Ferve t mstu pelagusC ic. Figuratively Fe rvet Opusf
l
h’irg. Pectus avaritia, miseraquecupid ine fervet. H on— Erm avz scaa a, to bo il over, to be excessivelyhot. In h is aquis quw eifervescunt subd itis ign ibus. Cic. Figurativeéy
: to grow warm. Effervescere in dicendo . Cic. Censeo la
ten um tautisper ib idem, dum effervescit h aec gratulatio . Id .
EBOLLI RE, to bubble up , to spout out,’
as liquids do. Ub i ebullib itvinum, ignem subducito. Cat. Figura tively : Quod sole t ebull ire,Cic. , Tha tvery o/Zen drops fromh im. Qui b i virtutes ch allicevoleut etsap ientias , Id . , If they wish to swell their sty le when they a re speaking of:vi rtue and wisdom. Ebullire animam, Petron ., To breatheone
'
s last, to die. Ebullire denotes the motion of water boiling on a.
fi re. Effervescere exp resses the motion that takes p lace in a l iquorwherein a combination of substances is made. Boiling water ebullit.
I ran in aquafort is efl'
ervescit . G. D .
1076 . Fessus . Defi ssus . Fatigatus . Defatigatus . l assus.
FES SUS , (f rom fatiscere) exhausted, weakened, dishea rtened, fa int.Fessus vulnere , cursu. Liv. Fessus inediafiuctibusque. Cic. ZEtate
fessus . Id . Fessus d e V ia. Id . Fessusvivendo . V. Max . Fessuscuris. Sen .
— DEFES SUS , that is so exhausted as to be obliged to giveup . Fessus and d efessus a re sa id of both the soul and body . Gum
j am torto r atque essent to rmenta ipsa defessa. Cic. Defessus lab ored isputationis . Id . Defessa ac refrigerata accusatio . Id . Defessus
sum qua r itand o . Plaut .— FAT IGATUS , h arassed , wea r ied out, fati
gaed. Ludo et somno fatigatus . Cic. Longo i tinere fatigatum et
onere fessum. Liv.— D £ FAT IGATUS , sp ent, worn out with f atigue,
adds to the idea o/‘
fatigatus. Defatigati cursu et spati o pugnae. Cws.
Litterarumstudio fatigar i quidem licet, sed non defatigavi .— LAssus ,t ired, dej ected. lV/i en a man has f or some time had h is arms or bodyin an uneasy pos it ion, it may be sa id that he is lassus, and not fessusnor fatigatus : lassus is sa id (J the mind and body . Lassus op ere faciund o . Plaut. Lassus an imus eh curaconfectus. Ter . Lassus sto
mach us. H or . I t would be improper to say lassus ined ifi, vulnere ,estate . The continuation of the same th ing tires one ; work fat igueshim to be lassus, is to be unfitf or working , to be fatigatus, is havingdone too much . W hen we ar e lass i with a work , it must be suspendedor changed when we are fatigati with it, wemust rest ourselves ; whenwe are defatigati , (harassed, ) we must recruit our spi rits.
1 0 77. Festiné. Festinanter .
Fesrme, betimes, soon. S i uid forti de Comitiis (soles enim tu
h zec festmé odorat i ) set ibas me. Cic.— FESTxNANTER, hastily,
Amicitia fid elis.
’
Cic. Fidele consilium dare . Id .
r Fi delia s ilentium.
Id . D’
eside riis icta fidelibus quaerit patria Ca sarem. Hon —‘
Fxnns ,sure, trusty , true- hear ted.
' Fida pax Roman is fuit cum Po rsenna.
Liv. Fid iss imus culto r imp e ri i Roman i . Id . Fid us interp res. H or .
Quai ive amico meo; commendavi bona, p rob o , et fideli, et fid o et
r ummagmafide. Plaut . Fi eri p otest h ominem naturapai'um tide
lem’
quibusdam soci is fidum p ermane re . G. D .
1 084. Fidel itas . Fides.
FIDEL ITAS , fi delity , dil igent exactness in f ulfilling one'
s p romisesand duty . Vita mea quin amicorumfideli tate conse rvataErga patriam fid elitas . Id .
— FIDES . 1 . Fa ith , s incer ity and h onestyin promises. Fundamentum justitia?est fid es, i d est , dictorum 60nventorumque constant ia et veritas . Cic . Credamusque,
'
quia fiat,appellatam fid em. Id . Bonafide , H or ., M thoutfi aud
,without covin .
Exh ibe j amvoeis fid erh . Ph aed . 2. Confi dence , reliance on another’sintegrity . Adh ibenda fides non est
.
somniantiumvisis . Cic.-Res
h abuit fid em, Ovid The th ing was credited. Deb e t h abere fidemn ost ra p raed ict io . Cic; Ad fid em earum rerum; Liv. , '
As a
it. Non i ded faciebat fid em c ivil is an imi , Tao. He did no
tha t persuade the Romans that he was f rom h is'
r t
citizen. Fides an imo , fid eli tas re declaratur . G . D .
FIDENS , h aving full confi dence ;'
it is genera lly ta ken in a good sense.Animus p rudent iaconsilioquefi dens. C ic. Fidenti an imo , si ita res
faret , grad ietur ad mo rtem. Id . Fidens an imi . Virg .—CONFIDENS ,
pr esumptuous . N ih il h oc confidentius , qui, quaevides, ea pemegas .
Plaut . Juvenum confid entissime . Virg . Cicerofi nd sfault wi th thecustom of us ing confidens only in a bad sense . Qui fo rt is est idem est
fid ens ; 11am coufidens malaconsuetudine loquend i in vitio ponitur .
— PR 13 F1DENS , trusting too much to. H onunes rebus secund is effreenatos, sibique prmtidentes tanquam in gyrum rationis et doctrinesduci Oportere. Cic.
1086. Ftdentia . Fiducia . Con/identia .
FIDENT IA ,
‘
boldness, assurance, -
fi rmness of mind . Fi dentia est per
quam wagnis et h onestis in rebus multum ipse an imus in se fi duciaa
certa cum spe collocavit. Cic. Fidentia, sci entia queed am est et
Op ini o gravis , non temeré assentiens ..
Id .— F1 Ducm , cotyid ence, self
confi dence. Qute faci o , tué fiducié faci o . Cic. Falsa est fiducia
forme . Pr 0pert . Ar ripuit sibi insolen tem fid uciam. Ph aed . At
p ler ique suam ips i vitam narrare ,’
fiduciam potius morum, quam ar
rogantiamarb itrati sunt, Tac., [Host of th em though t'
tha t the writingQf thei r own l if e was more the fl eet of an honest confid ence in their
“
vi rtue, than of a rr ogance and van ity . Fiducia is a lso sa id of an agr eement
’
between the credi tor and the debtor f or the security of the debt,by wh ich the f ormer is to keep thep lea
’
ge as h is own pr operty , in casethe debt be not pa id with in a certa in time. Pecuniam ad olescentulo
grandi fcenore, fiducia tamea accepta, occupasti , Cic., You have lentmoney to this young man at an enormous interest , though you hadgreater secur ity taken an estate Qf h is as a p ledge. I t i smoreoverof a feigned sale, with p ower of buying aga in. Q lfi fiduciam accep it,
deb et praestare fid em, Cic . , He who has bough t someth ing onconditioni t may be bought aga in , ough t to keep the word he has g iven to the
seller . Fiduciam committere, Id . , Ta sell a th ing on cond ition itmabe bought agam.
— CONFIDEN T IA is gen erally a n ill-grounded confiy
dence, temerity . Tanta confid entiaestis aufer te en im istam sup erbiam. Cic. Confid entia et temer itas . Id . Quae signa confidentiae
sunt, non inn ocentine. Id .
1 087. t alar is. Fictilis .
FI GULAR IS , (f rom fingere ) of or belong ing to a potter . Rota figularis, Elaut., A po tter
’
s wheel. Figural is creta, COL, Potter’
s earth az—FICT ILI S , of -
potter'
s earth , made of potter’
s earth . Fictiliavasa.
Cic. Figures: fictiles . Id .
1088 . Figura . Forma .
FI GURA , says Popma, est qualitas et dispositi o totias co rp oris ; uth omin is figura recta est , p rona an imantium. Fo rma faci es cuj usquerei
, et conven ientia par tium expleta atque p erfecta ; ut in h omineforma lib eralis , medi ocris . Fic
'
to r , says Var ro , cum dicit fingo , figuram impon it ; cum dicit informo , formam. Figura, thefig
ur e, r isesf rom the des ign, and is the result (y
'
the outlines of a th ing .“
igura totius oris et corp oris . C ic. Figuratively .
r N egoti i figura, Cic., The
turn of an afla i r. Vocis figura, Id ., Th e tone of thevoice—QFORMA ,
thef orm,wh ich determina tes ma tter to l e such or such a th ing . The
f orm“or ig inatesf rom the constr uction, and is the result of the ord er in
wh ich the pa rts are set. Princip i o corp o ris n ostr imagnam natura 1psavidetur h abuisse rat ionem, quae formam nostram, reliquamque figuram, in quaess et sp eci es h onesta ,
'
eam p osa it in p romptu. Cic. Formaefigura. Id . .Figura distinguishes individuals and forma cha racter iz es
In arch itecture the roundf igure is g iven mostly to s ingle p ieces ,or those standing by themselves . The Divi n ity has been represented bythe heathens under all sorts qff or rns .
1089 . Figurare. Formare. Eflbrmar e. Conf orma re.
FI GURARE, to figure . Terga ad duus’
ferendum'
figurata . Cic .
Deus mundum ea fo rmafiguravit, qua uné omnes reliqua: formmconclud untur . Id : Figura tively Os tenerum puet i balbumque p oe
'
ta
figurat , to rquet ab‘
obscoeuis j am tum sermonibus aurerri mox et iamp ectus p raeceptis format amicis.H or .
- FORMARE,
'
to g ive af orm.
”
In
mulieb rem figuram h abitumque formari . Cic .
'Materia quamfingitformatque edectio . Id . Figuratively O rationem formare . Cic. Far
mare Classem. Virg . Formare se in alicuj us mores‘
, Liv., To assumethe manner s (f an
'
other . Formare gaudia mente . Ovid . AnimOs j ud icrun in quem volumas h ab itam formarer et valut transfio urare.
Quint. —EFFO RMAR E ( so much in use among modern Latinistsz
sis not
f ound in good authors, who make use of formare, informare .— CONFOR
MARE , to dispose a th ing , to set in ord er , t o a dj ust. Mundum non
eed ificatum, sed anatura conformatum. Cic . Quas imagines mih ip roponens , an imumet mentem meam 1psacogitatio
’
ne h 0minum ex
cellentium conformabam. Id . Ad maj ora quaedarn nos natura genuit et conformavit . Id .
1090 . Findere. Scindere. Exscind ere.
F[NDERE, to slit, to divide, denotes noviolence or efi‘
or t. Paries fissus
tenui r ims. Ovid . Via se findit in ambas part es . V i rg.— Scw nnnn,
3from to split) to rend, denotes efl
'br t. Nam p rimi cuneis scinebant fiss ile lignum. Virg. Figuratively Dolorem suum scindere.Cic. Scindj tur mcer tum studia in contrariavulgus. Virg .
— ExscmDERE, scindere ex ) to cut out, to pull or tear out. Exscindere lin
guam. Lic. Scindere would present anoth er sense. Figuratively Causas bellorum exscind ere. Tac. Exscindere pestem. V i rg .
109 1 . Fi ngere. Conflare.
FI NGERE is p roperly sa id of a statua ry , Qf a potter ; tofashion, tomould. Properly to knead a softmatter, such as potter
’s earth , or war ,
in order to make vessels or sta tues. In ce ris fingere. Cic . FiguraFingere carmina. Hor . Se totum ad aliorum arbitrium nu
tumque fingere. Cic.— CONPLARE
, (flare cum) to blow together, issa id Qf meta ls tha t a re melted or cast. Statuas argenteas conflare.
Suet. Conflare metallum, Flin .
, To melt metal byblow ing . Ipsurn
solitus confiare tonantem. Juv. Falces conflantur in ensem. Virg.
f iguratively Conflare aes alienum, Cic., To r un in debt. Conflare
pecuniam, Id . , To hoa rd up money . Conflare alien i negotium,invi
diam, Id To cause trouble to one, to draw envy upon h im. Confiare
b ellum, Id ., To raise war . Conflare crimen, Id ., To procure an impeachment. Scelerum pacti ones societatesque confiavit . Id . Conflaremendacium. Id . Sanguine civili rem confiant . Luer.
1092. Fingere. Comminisci.FI NGERE , in a figurative sense, may be considered as synonymous
with comminisci it s ignifies tof eign, to invent, to afl ect. Pingit causas , ne d et, Ter ., Hef eign s excuses not to g ive . Ping it falsas causasad d iscord iam. Id . Jocumfingere tristi vultu, Tibuil ., To afl
'
ect j oywith a mour nfi t l countenance .
— C0M 1\1 1N I SC I , (f rom cum, and mens )tof orge, to invent. N ih il adversus tale mach inationis genus parare,aut comminisci Oppidani conabantur . Liv. Verisimile non est tanturnscelus Marcum C ottam esse commentum. Cic.
1093. Fin ire. Termina re . Definire. D eterminare.FIN I RE , tofi nish , to l imi t, both in a p hys ica l and mora l sensef Lin
gua d entibus fin ite. Cic. Prand ia fini t e moris . H or ._S itim finit
cop ia lymphzr . Id Cup id itates satietate finiebat. Cic. Fin ire d ol ores morte . Id TERM INARE, (fromtermes ) to bound, to set boundsor l imits . Imp erium terminat e oceano . Virg. Subj ectos camposterminate oculis h aud queas, Liv. , Thefi elds bef ore you reachf urtherthan you can see. uratively Ut und é orsa est in eod em terminetur o rati o . Cic. EF I N IRE, to fir . Imp erium p opul i Romanio rb is ter rarum terminis d efinivit. Cic. Defin it e numerum, Id . , To
determine a number Mala dolore , bona voluptate d efiniunt. Id . I t
is in th is sense tha t i t signifies to define , because there is afimed po int ina defin ition. Defini t e artem. Cic.
— Der anm rmne , to determine, to
fix bounds or l imits. Regi ones ab ori ente ad occasum d eterminavit.Liv. Figuratively : Id quod dicit, sp iritu , non arte d eterminat, Cic.,
He determines the length of his'
per iods by the f orce qf h is breath, andnot by the rules Qf ar t. Although these three verbs seem to have beenus ed ind ifl
'
er ently the onef or the other, they may be distinguished thusH oriz on n ostrum aspectum d efinit subj ectos camp os ocul is te rminamus augures d eterminabant regi ones, limites , confinia. G. D.
' 1097. Fit us. -Immo las. Immobilis.
figere ) fi red, driven in. Ad parietem fixm ciaVis'An
'
na par ietibus fixa. Virg. Figuratively Si cui quid
file proxfl isitfl d er it fixum. Cic. Si baec mala fixa sunt, Id., If theseevils
.
be unayoidable.— IMMOTUS , (non
‘motus unmoved, steadfast.{i sut'm‘
na immota tenere . Virg. Figur a tive] ens immota manet .-Fix
'
um immotu ue animo sedet. d. Innn otum adversusegs sermones fixumque iber io fuit. , Tac All these speechesdid notW Tiber ius m the least.
'
Fixuzn est quod aut lege aliqua,‘
aut mecessatate, uni situm est
,ibi tenetur etman et ; immotum, cujus fir
mata stab'
conatus omn es ac imp e tus irr itos facit. G . D .—IM
‘N OBILI S , imn‘
zoveable, that cannot be moved.'
Immob ile saxum Cap i
fill
}Vi
cggyldi lmmobii d s oculi . Plin. Figur atively : Scopulis immo
‘4
'
or .
Di mflaccescatc., The discoursepurulent matter
cere.
(FLARE, to blow. Tum cum Favonius fiaret. Cic. f igur atively
Belli nobis fiavit lenissimus A lister et mit is . Cic.-5 8 13 1 1151 1 3 , to
breath e, tofetch bnea th. Dfim animii spirabo me i . Cic. I t is only byana logyrthat it is used in the sense of flare , halare. Cmpit sp irare valentius Eurus. Ovid . Ambrosiwque comee d ivinumvert ice odo remiravére. V ir rative S irat e trib turn , Liv., To Ion orit}; tribuneship
g glin t tragicuni)
, et satis g oiter audet. H or .
gSfii
rare qui etem. Prop .”
—,HALARE, to,
exha le, or cast out a vapour orsmell . Haiantes fio ribus h o
'
r ti . Virg.
'
De gelidis halabatvallibus aura.
Ovi d.
1 100 . Flectere. Plicar e. Curvare.
FLECTERE, to bend, to incline. Arcus flcxos incun ans . Virg.
H exumgenu submittere. Ovid . n rativel Flecter e p romontot ium, Cic. , To turn a cape or promontory . t eam fiectas viam te
rogo , Id ., I beg you w ill avo id tha t road.— PLICARB, (from nxe
'
xw)toformiplnits . orf olds. Charta plicetur . Mast. S e rpens sese in sua
memb ra plicans. Virg.— CURVARE, (f romcumus ) to crook , to bow .
Curvata cusp is. Ovid. Fleetitur obse qui o curvatus ab arbo reId .
‘
Fleetimns genus : p licamus chartam, telam ; arcum curvaxnus.G'
. D .
ILQI . Fl eclere. Mang e. . 4fi cer e.
sense, tomove, to st ir.to inci te, to influence.movere. Cic. Movere animos, Id . , To move the heartsmos is to ga in thegood will, tow in the heat h — Armeni a n, facere ad )tomake an impression, is said (f lwth mind and body . A cmnt cor
po ra fames et sitis. Liv. AHecte res, Id . , Bad and ruinous ci rcum
259n H ) 3 u ‘U
stances. Afi'
ectus animusvirtutibbus, Cic.,Anigind incl ined tovirtue.Ut qui aud irent sic afiicerentur , ut eos afficivellet orator. Id .
FLrEx 1B1Lrs an or bl
owed.
Arcus flex ibilis.
Nih il nonfléx ibj lturn . Flex ibil is
'
voeis genus. Id .— F1.Exuo sus , fi ll of tur n ings
flexuosum, Cic., A tortuous road. Flexuosusvola
FLEXIO , the act of bending , of bowing. Virilis laterum'
flex io . Cic.
Speaking q”
th e gesture of amorator. Fguratively Voeis flexio. Cic.
—PLExus, the bending or f old ing itself. Membrorum flexus. .Quint.I tinerumfiexus, Cic. The turning Qf the roads . Figurat ively . Plexusaetatis, Cic. , Thedecline of age Plexus autumn i , Tac., Thefa ll, theend of autumn.
1 104. Florere. Flor escere.
FLORERE, (f romflos) to blossom, to bearfl ower s. Arboi° floret.Cic. Age r floret. Id . Fgur atively : Florere 1n foro Cic. Florere
aetate et forma. Id . Accessusmeus ad urbem incredibili h 0minum
gratulatione floruit. I d-FLORESCERE , to beg into bloom. Puleg1u1n
ar idum d icitur florescere br umal i 1pso die. Cic. Figura tively : Hare
tua justitia et lenitas animi florescet quotidie magis . Cic.
1 1 05. Floridus. Florens. Florens.
FLORl DUS , flowery , adorned with fl owers. Pratofioridior Ovid.Puella fior ida. Gatul . Figuratively . Floridus orator. Cic . Genuso iatwnis floridum. Quint — FLOREUS , flowery, made with fl owers.Corona florea. Plaut . V i rg il ha s sa id , p oet ically , Florea rura, forflor ida rura.
— FLORENS , tha t blossoms, that i s in bloom. Arva flot eutia. Ovid . Figuratively . Florentissima armis civitas. Cic. Flo
rentissima _for t1
’ma. Id . Florente Ant oni o , Id ., When Antony sf ortune was prosperous. Florente ju 'venta fervidus. H or .
1 106.
’
Fluctuare. Fluitare.
FLUCTUARE, tobe tossed by the waves. Atque ut nuncvalde fluctuat mare , nulla n ob is sp es est. Plaut. Quadrirememque in salo
fluctuantem reliquerat. Cic. Figura tively : Fluctuare an imo , Liv.,To be i n suspense, uncerta in, i rresolute. To ta res etiam nunc fluctuat,Cic. , The th ing i s
“ '
yet quite uncerta in. Fluctuar i i s also used as a verbd eponent. F1uctuantur incer ti an imi . Liv Utrius p opuli victoriammallet fluc
'
tuatu'
s an imo fuerat. Id .—FLUI TARE , to f loa t, to swim
upon. Cumfluitantem alveumtennis in sicco aqua d estituisset. Liv.Figuratively . Spe fluitare, H or To be wavering i n one
'
s hopes. Fidesfluitat, Tac., Fa ith ,fidelity zsfluctuating and uncerta in.
1 107. Fluctus. Fluctuatio.
FLUCTUS , a wave, a surge, a billow. Motus et agitati o fluctuum.
Cic. Insani fiuctusfer 1unt l1ttora. Virg . Figuratively : Concionumfluctus. Cic. Fluctumtotius barbarias ferre una urbs non poterat.
8 2
260
Id .-FLUCTUAT 10 , the tossing of the waves , is only used in afigura
t ive sense. In ea fluctuatione annn orum Opp rimi incautos p osse.
1 108. Fluvia lis . Fluvia tilis .
FLUV IAL I S ,gor p erta ining to a r iver . Lympha fluvialis. Virg .
Ripa fluvialis. vid .— FLUV IAT I L I S , that feeds and l ives in rivers .
Testudines fluviatiles. Cic. Naves fluviatiles. Liv. Fluvialis has beenused by Ovid in the sense qj
'
fluviatil is. Fluvialis Anas.
1 109 . Fluvius . Flumen . Fluentum. Amnis . Torrens.
Although fiuvius and flumen be of ten indifi‘
er ent’y used, they oughtnevertheless to be dis tinguished. FLuvw s is the prop er word to exp ressa river, a bodyof runnzng water s habitually keep ing with in their channel. Fluvius Eurotas . C ic.
— FLUMEN, in its p roper sense, is only a
very abundantfl owing , either of waters, or of any th ing else. FlumenN ilus. Cic. There/or e we say, very pr operly , flumen ingenu , orati on is,verbor um. Cic.
— FLUENTUM , a runn ing wa ter, is only used in
poetry . Xanth i fluenta . Virg . Aniena fluenta. Id . Tyberina fiuenta.
Id .— AMN 1 S conveys the idea of a large r iver . Spumosus amnis . Virg.
Vorticoso amn i d elatus in h ostes. Liv.— TORRENS, (f rom torrere )a torre nt, a stream coming down a h ill, caused by h eavy ra ins, or thawing of snow , and wh ich is dried up in summer. Eccevelut torrensundis pluvialibus anetas, aut n ive , quze Z ephyro vieta repenté Bait,
p er sata p erque vias fertur . Ovid .
1 1 10. Fluxus . Frag il is . Caducus.
FLUXUS , (f rom fluere ) that eas ily flows . Fl uxum pertusumquevas. Lacret. Figuratively Fortuna belli fluxa. Cic. Fluxa fid es.
Plaut f — FRAGI L I S , ( from frangere ) br ittle, that is easily broken .
G lacies fragilis. Ovid . Figura tively : Divitiarum et fo rmee gloriafi uxa et fragi lis est . Sall.— CADUCus , (f rom cadere ) Foliacaduca. Cic. Figura tively : Omn ia caduca p raet er Cic .
Res h umanze frag1les et cad ucae. Id .
1 l l l . Fodere . q icare.
FODERE , to d ig . to delve . Vulp es cab ile fod iens d i‘
1m terram erui t.
Ph aad . H umam fodere. Virg. Puteo s fodere . Cues . Figura tivelyFodit dolor. Cic . Num exp ectas dun] te stimulis fod iam ? Id .
—Fo
D ICA RB» (f requentative Qf fodere ) is only used in afigurative sense to
p rick , to st ing . Non est in nostralpo testate, fod icantibus h is rebus,
quas malas esse Op ina mus, d issimu ati o ,vel oblivi o . Cic.
1 1 12. Faedar e. Deformare.
FacDARE, to reduce to a frightful sta te . I t rela tes more to crueltya nd ind ign ity of treatment than to defilement. Quaz causa indigna se
r enos foedavitvultus ?Virg. O ra fmdans unguibus. Id . Figura tivelyRomam ipsam faedavit adventus tuns . C ic.
— DEFORMARE , (f romdeand fo rma ) to def orm, to disfigure. Canitiem immund o d eformat pulvere . Virg . Figura tively Deformare genus et fo rtunam h onestam.
Liv. It a lso expresses, to descri be, to make a rough draugh t Qf any th ing .
Quem sup radeformavi. Cic.
1 1 1 3. Fasmina . Muller . Uxor . Matrona .
FCEMINA , a woman, af emale . Mors in clarisvi ris et freminis , dux
ne a'
ut obscurum esset, aut n imis putidum, id est,'Vereor ne putidum sit scribére
‘
ad te quam siml i
1 1 18 . Fol ium. Frans - dis.
is said of any sort of leaves . In arbogibus trupci, rami,'
Con'
cava'
czepe folia. Plin. Amarisvesci fol iis'
. Hor .
FRONS -b xs isonly sa id of leaves of trees . Fm'
cu'
ndai frond ibus u‘
lmi;Virg. Spargitagrestes tibi silzvafrondes . Igor.
1 1 1 9 . Foll is . Folliculus .
FOLL I S , a pa ir of bellows. Follis fab rilis. Liv. A111ventosis follilms auras accip iunt iédd untqué; Viig., Some a re emp loyed iri blldwgingwitli
'
be'
llbws.— FOLL ICULUS , sniall bag'
6r
scrip.of lea
'
they. Adenegtig'
né‘
commeatus su’
pped itabantur , u‘
t e quesfoll icui is in cas tra ab
'
Arp1s‘
fruméntu'
m autem obvolu’ tun
‘
i est follic'
ulo, speaking of thepunishmen par r'
icidesi'
sa id wi th husk incloi iri"
thescene (yams: or othei'grain“
.
Cum follicolo se exerit sp ica mo lisf Plin.
1 120. Fans . Scatebr a. Puteus .
FONS, ( f rom fund ere) a f ountain, a sp ring Qfthe ground. Aquaa
‘
d ulcis fons Syracusis est, plem551mus. p 1sc1um.
Cic. Fontes obstrepunt manantibus lymph is. Hor . Figuratively ,
Fons et caput ph i10 50ph orum Socrates. Cic. Fons mast oris . Id .
SCATEBRA , j rom scaterse ) the_spouting ofwatexrs, a source. Fontium
sqatebrae. Plin . Scateb risque arentia’
temperat arva. Vi'
r ZL-Pur aus,a well, a deep hole dug bymen, to drawwaier
'
ozi t n r i
d e'
putep . Cic
1 121 . Forare . Per[orare . Terebrare. Cavare.Fo rum s , to bore . Amygdal e s i parnm
'
ferax crit , forata arb orelap idem adycito , et ita librum
'
arbor is inolescere sini to. COL— PERr o u nn, to
avat arbore lintres . Vi rg.
C'
avat l imacornua, Pliq
1 1 22. For/i
en. Forceps.
FORFEX , a pa i r of scissars or Sheers, a pa i r q pincers to pull out .
teeth.
‘
Al i i cum legerent avam, si que sunt in cavitiosa graua, forficibus amputant. Col. Si fier i p otest, manu ; sin minus, dens forficeexcip iend us est. Cele— FORCEPS , a pair of tongs, nipp ers,tweez ers , or such . like ins truments. Versantque tenaci fo rcip e mas8am, Virg. , spea king cf thé Cyclopes. Forcip es cancrorum, Plin Acrab
'
s or lobster's claws.
1 123. Fori . Transtra .
FOR], the decksof a sh ip . C llm ali i malos scandant, ali i per foroscursitent, ali i sentinam exhauriant. Cic. It is said of the separate
orgalleys.
1 1244 For‘ssi For ds.
Fo nts ;witIt mere is so,
motion. Pat‘va’ sunt foi lsarmay n is i i est consilium domi ) Cic. Figur
‘atwély
': For iS
“
sapéfe'
;
s ibi no h ~
posse auxiliaries; Ten—“
Foam ; w ithout doors; when thereis motion. Exi forés . Ter . Ire fords. H or . Cicero said éfiiiflerefox-és , because “Q tha t sentence eminere denotes ef or ts
rwitlz a tendencytowards something.
1 125. Formidabilis.
‘
Fom idolosus.
e ofdanger , wh ich
‘is seen hanging- over one’s bedd . Formidabilisk erpei l'
s‘
.
Foamno t o sus, to befeai-edmtheef fect od angefi at
‘
a lgfiefite’
i’
distance‘
and‘more remote» Bellum~f0rlfi d o io§ stitfimnfi Cic . Dub ia
et fomaidolosa tempora» Id .« Formidolo ws signifies also, f earfnl,
timomons.‘ Forrfi idolosus h ostifimmilesf Tac. I t would
per to say Fopmidolosa nubes tempestatemp refinuncians formidab ile tonit ru cum Fulguribuswerram
'
concutiens . G .
‘
D .
Formi dab ilie erat;A'
ehéllis i ii p i aélimw ruentis'
aSPefitus‘; formidolo
siot'
é rat- inwicis l llystsesa» G. D .
1 126 . Formula ; Norma . Regula . Prwscr iptum. Prcescr ip tio.
FORMULA, (diminutive of forma)'
d f orm in law, a model empress-1ing the
'verywords wherein a law, or aniactyis conceived“: Testat'
nen
t orum fo rmulae. C ic. It is taken in a more genkral sense. In sociorum formulam referre, Liv., To r eceioe into the number (f o llies .
Jur isCon‘
sultorum forfnulw. Cic. Vis han‘
c fd r'
rmi lérri‘
cb‘
gfi itiéh isesse , ut ute r timuer it, me altervid eretur regno d ignior , is cons iliumopprimmd i fratris; j ud icetur
‘
cepisse‘
? LivL—S NORMA , a soudifé'
izséd
bybuilders, &c. an instm‘
rnen’
t j b r’
makin’
g ormeasm’
ing a r ight bngle’
!—REG UL7A , ' (f rbm refgere ) -a rule or ruler
"
, an instr ument wh erewithstraigh t
' lines a re d rawn; T Longitud ines ad*reguiem,
’anguli ad
‘nori.
mam ~ respondentes. Vitruv. Fignratively': Vitim’
l ad deftamratio:
n is normamdirigere. Cic. Natumli no rmfi legem bon‘
am‘
$1 ma’
lé ' d‘
ii
videra possumus. Id ." Servaté ill'é
'
regulé,'
ad‘
quarfi'
omn ia’
j udiciareams d irigantur . Id .
‘ Habere regulamqui. ivera et false j udicentfir :I d . pra
‘
) ‘ is a'
prescr ipt, ti rule establishedbefore. Ex p raescrip to civitatis. Cic.
— PRE SCRIPT IO is a rule actually dictated by reason, n
‘
a ttir é, or anyother auth fiit’
gfl afler; a ser iousexaminatio
'
n“
of present circumstances! Hm ‘
norma; h a : regul'
a’
, hmhpm ef ip tio naturae; Cic. Prwscriptio rationis . Id . It
‘
also'
signifies‘
p retence Ut honestd p rwscriptione rem Cw’
si'
1 1 27. For n ix . Camera . Testudo . Laquear . Laczenar .
Forums, an archedvault. -Non d ebebit prwstare quod fornixvitii
264
fecer it. Cic. Hence or ig inates the word fornicari, because brothelhouses were invaults under-ground — Cs srz ua , w adpa , f r omuduvw,labo ro ) avault, an a rched roof ; an a rch ed room. Cameras quasdamnon p robavi, mutari jussi. Cic. Percutere cameramsemine p omorum. H or . Came ra frumenti , Id ., An arched granary f or corn .
TESTUDO, a roof orvault bending down sideways li ke a torto ise- shell.Turn foribus divas media testudine templi resedi t. Virg. Tortoiseshells were an olj ect of magnificence at Rome the doors were adornedand inla id with them in th is sense must be understood, Necvari os inh iant pulch ra testudine p ostes. Vi rg.
— LAQUEAR, a fl oor, a ceil ing ,the inner roof cy
‘
a house. Summi laquearia tecti . Virg. DependentLych ni laquear ibus aureis . Id .
-LACUNAR, thema in beamof a house,
a rched or bent l ike a bow. Non ebur, n e que aureummea renidet‘ in
d omo lacunar. Hor .
1 128 . Fors. Fortuna . Forsj irr tuna . Sors.
Fons , says Donatus, fato rum lex fo rtuna, res ince rta ; fors~ for ~
tuna, eventus fortune b onus . Fo rs signifies an accidenta l event or
occurrence : it is opposed to rati o . Seu rati o d ed erit, seu fors obj ece rit. H or . Fors in aliquibus rebus plusquam rati o p otest. Cic. It
has sometimes the same meaning as fortuna. Audaces forsque Deusque juvat. Ovi da—FORTUNA , f ortune, hop -chance, haz ard. Tof ortune is attributed a will without discernment. Sej ungi non p otestfortuna a temeritate. Cic. I t is usedf or good- luck . Inferi orem ali ofortune
“
: esse. Cic. In the p lural it signifies riches, wea lth . Immin ebat omn ium fortun is tuus furo r. Cic.
— Fo ns- FORTUNA , a luckyO fors-fo rtuna, quantis commodi tatibus h unc onerasti
di em ! Ter. Fortef ortuna adfuit h ic meus amicus. Cic.— So ns ,
synonymous with the oth ers , fate , a concealed determina tion is ottribated tof ate. Quasstorem babes non tuo judici o d electum, sed eumuem so rs dedit. Cic. Telum quod cai que sors ofl’erebat , arr ipuit.d. Multi laboris est fortunaevim facere ; insan i est h ominis vitams orti committere.
'
G. D .
1 129 . For té. For tuitb. For tu ita . For tassé. Forsan. Forsitan. For tassis ..
Forsit.
FORTE, (abla tive of fo rs ) exp resses wha t happens by the (f eet ofconj unctures. Fo rteevenit. Liv. Forte consed eramus in Albano .
Cic. Fo rtu i t?) would present another idem— FORTUITO and FORTUI'
r o , perchance, peraduenture. Fo rtuito, aut s in e consili o . Caes. Ut
ne quid temeré aut fortuitu agamus . Cic.— FORTA S SE, FORSAN,
FORS ITAN , Fo n'm ss rs , Ponsu
‘
, perhaps, may be. Forsitan quis
p iam dixerit. Cic. For tassis vaticino r. Id . G raeculus o tiosus et
loquax , fortassé doctus . Id . Forsan et i mo olimmeminisse j uvabit.Virg. Ut forsit h onorem jure mih i invid eat quivis. H or .
1 1 30 . Fossa . Fovea . Scrabs. Lacuna .
FOS SA, ( f rom fod i o ) a ditch , a trench to inclose anyextent ofground, to defend a town, or to dra in a wateryplace. Transntum fossze
g‘onticulo j ungere. Cic. Possam, cui Drusianaa nomen , ingressos ,ac. , Having descended into the canal cy
‘
Drusus . Fossa Rh em gur
gitibus abundans . Cic.— FOVEA , a deep and broa d hole made in the
ground, either by nature or ar t. Anates in foveas , quibus ferasve
966 .
1 135. Fratefl patruelis. Fraten germanus p
FBATE‘
R PA'
rnm rs , afa ther’
s brother’
s‘
son. Quad si h ie adeSSet,non minus ille d eclararet, quam h ie illi us frate r patruelis. Cic.
FKATER GERMANO S , a brother by the same father and mother.C .
'
Fann ius frater germanus »Q . Tic inii; Cic. L. Cicero fi'
ater nos
ter cognatione patruelis , amo re germanus. Id . The same dif erencemust bemade between soror
‘
patmelis“
and sor o r germana. G. D.
1 136 : Frauda tor . Fraudulenlus .
FM UD ATOR, . a deceiumsd cozener . .Creditomm fraudatov: Cic.
Fvaud abo r et intercepto rp rmd ze. Liv.— FRAUDunENTvs ,fi -midulent,deceitfid , ~knw ish . Vend i tiones t fraudulentw. Cic.
~ Fraudulenti weu
mandat es OawhW J d . Fraudulentus isnsaid oj .
rthe habit; and
fraudator of the act.
1 137. Frendere. Fremere . . S tridere. Strepere.
FRENDERE, to gnash the teeth togethenwi th an or paim. Ita frend ebat d ent ibus. Plaut. Frend ens leo . C ic. Riemann, to
chafe, to roar as lions or the sea d o , tomake -a eat and confused noise.Venti . fremunt . human i . murmure. Ovid. . nueti s imul o re fremebant, Virg. , Fremunt gaud i o erect i d e pace . Liv. Fremit ereptums ibi consulatum. Cic.— STRIDBRB, f rom- ar p
‘
iE, a bird athat uttersshrill , sound s ) to creek, to crash . ard o
.
foribus stridebat ah en is .
V irg.— STREPERE , to make a noise, to. resound. Cornua strepuerunt
rauco cantu. Virg . . Strepunt aures clamor ibus p lorantium. Liv.Fremere , says Nonnz
'
us , est magnum sonare ; frend ere veto, alicubicum gemituvel iracund ié miserum aut minax sonare.
1 138 . Frenum. Cap istrum.
FREXUM, the-bit of a bridle, a cur b in the plura l freui and frena .
Same authors write .Fraenum. Coe'
git equum fren os invitumipati.
um non d epulit o re. H or . Frena jugo concordia e rresueti quad ruped es. Virg. Figuratively . : Inj ecit frena vaganti licentiae.
‘
H or . Ea frena furenti concutit , et stiinulos sub p ectorevertit Apollo . Virg.
— CAPI STRUM , (f rom caput ) a hatter , amuz z le.
Fer ratis capistris o ra p raefigere. Virg. Frenare ora capistris. Ov'
id .
Figuratively Maritale capistrum, Jm u, The matrimonia l noose, theband nf wedlock .
1 139 . Frequentta . Frequentatio . Frequentamentum.
‘
FREQUENT IA , a gr eat . company, a crowd ar mult itude of people.Quot idiana amicorum assiduitas et frequent ia. ~C ic. Si qu is nos Deusex h as; h 0minum frequentié tolleret, et in s olitudine uspiamcol lo
caret . Id . Epistolamm frequentia, Id ., A f requency! of letters.
FREQUENTAT IO , the reunit ing or p ress ing of th ings close . Frequematioest cum res d ispersze coguntur in unum. Cic. Argumentorum fre
quentatio Id .—FREQUEN TAMENTUM , ( in music) a warbl ing of the
vo ice. Numeros et mod es et . frequentamenta quze damvix tibicenincinereb. Gell .
1 140. Frigere. Algere .
Fa ERE, ( f rom ppio'
o'w, to have the cold fi t of an ague) to trem
ble with cold. Plané nunc frigeo. Cic. Figuratively Cum omnia
267r l
‘
judicia fr igerept. Cic. The tribunals being inactive on accountof causes that we
’
re"
leaded: N immlm h ic rigent , Id i,of fav
'
our there . bi friget, hue evasit, quami
pxidemmater rfior tui
‘
essent, Teri , ”(hen the conversation’
began. toshe
'
asked riterhow long my father and
'
rnother had been dead.Vires efl
’
a ta frigent, Virg.,
'
Mystrength being exhaustedmakes me”languid .
- ALGERE , (f rom oiNy'og, d olgr , because cold causes pa in) to
sta rve with cold . Itemque Lycurgi' laboribus erud iunt j uventutem,
venando , currendo , sitiend alg‘
end o , a stuand o. Cic. F iguratively Probitasl awdatur , et get, Juv., Pr obityzis. pra ised, . and atsthe»
sameéltime sufl
’
ers hardsh ips. Thes same défl'
erenceexists between frigusand gun.
'
c mus, cold. Frigidus aer. Ovid .. Fons t‘
r igid ioz. Hon. Pi
Frigidisshn i iaccusatorea .
Id . Frig ida et jejuna calumnia.
Id ., tk'
eak languid expres
1 142: Fronde re. Frondescere.
FRONDERE, to bear leaves . Nunc frondent Silva . Virg. Rania“frondent i temp ora implicat. Id .
-FRONDESCERE, to shoot out leaves.
Aliaverno temp ore tepefactaf rond escunt. Cic. Et simili frondescit -viresWeda t Vires ,
1 143. Frondeus. Frondosus.
Fnoxneush madeu of leaves. C orona, frondpa. Plin. ,Fronded ,
tecta . Virg. I t is used poetically for frondosus. Nemora inter frond ea. V irgF -Faos no sus of green . leaves .. Frondosus ramus.
Liv,Lucus frondosus. Poet
'
icallyc: , JEstas f rondosar Vn-
‘
gvThe ‘
sprmg .
1 1434. Fruges..
Fructus. .Fcetus.
FRUGES is sa id of corn, and of a ll wh ich the earth producesf or oun .
subsistence. Fruges cum ad Spicam pervenerunt. Cic. ,Eamgemtem
traditur fama d ul'
cedirie'
frugum, max imevi ni n ova turn voluptatecap tain . Liv. Figura tively Quanta fruges industria futura s int .
C ic‘
. Recipere se ad'
frugem. Cic. Redire ad frugem b onam, Ter .,To become a new man .
— FRUCTUS , (f rom frui ) is said no t onlyg f thep roduce of the earth , but a lso of any advantage derived f roma . th ing .
Frugum fructuumque reliquorum perceptio et conservatio . Cic.
Fructus p ra d iorumfi I'
d . Fructus apum. . Ph a d . Fructus. .magnaacerbitate permixti. Cic. Oves nullum fructum edere ex se s ineh 0minumcultu possunt. Id . Gloria est fructusvirtutis. . Id : Per
268
cipitur ex litter is fructus . Id .— F(ETUS is p roper ly sa id of the young
of any li creature. Qua multiplices fa tus p rocreant, ut sues,canes, &c. lin. It is a lso sa id Qf the p roductions of trees, of the
earth, or if the mind . Edit fa tus meliores ager non semel aratus .
Cic. Pubescitvinea fa tu. Virg . Ex quo trip lex ille animi fa tusexistit. Cic.
FRUG I , (dative case of frux ,f rom frui , ) id oneus being understood ;useful, modest, temperate, saving , or indeed any other g ood quality . Quisit frugi, vel , si mavis, moderatus et temperans. Cic. G ra ci frugih omines xpuo
'luov; app ellant, id est, tantummod c‘
) utiles ; at frugal itas pate t latins. Id . H omo frugi omn ia recte facit. Id . Alte ramlanificam, et frugi , et rusticam. Ph a d. I t is opposed to nequam.
L. Pis o tantavi rtute et integr itate fui t, ut etiam illis op timis temp oribus, cum neminem invenire nequam p osses, solus tamen fruginominaretur. Id . Frugi severaque vita . Id . Ca mila frugi. Juv.FRUGALI S ,f rugal, moderate. Optimus colonus, parcissimus, frugalissimus. Cic. Ut frugalior sim, quamvult , Ter. , Th at I may bemore temperate than hewishes me to be. Frugal isvilla, Vai n, A plaincountry- house.
1 146 . Fr ugifer . Fructuosas. Fructua r ius.
FRUG I FER , (frugem ferens ) bea ring corn or fruit. Arvafeta. Cic. Arb or frugifera. Plin . Figura tively . Cfim totaSoph ia frug ifera et fructuosa sit. Cic.
— FRUCTUO SUS , profitable,beneficia l. Aratio fructuosa. Cic. Putatis - ne vos illis rebus fru ip osse, n is i eos quivob is fructuosi sunt , cohservaveritis Id .
— FRUC
T UAR IUS , f ruit-bea ring , tha t is (y'
advantagefspeahing (f f ruit. Agriquos fructuar ios h abent. Cic. Cella fructuaria , Col., The p lacef orlay ing up and keep ing f ruit.
1 147. B umentator . Frumentar ius.
FRUMENT ATOR, a purveyor of corn . Imp roviso imp etu Gallorumcum frumentatoribus est circumventus.Liv.— FRUMENTAR 1US , sub.
stantive) a corn-merchant. Non videtur nec frumentar ius ille Rh od ins, nec h ic a d iumvenditor celare emp tores debuisse. Cic.
1 148 . Frumentum. Tri ticum.
FRUMENTUM , a ll manner of cor n or gra in f or bread. Abundare
COpiafrumenti . Cic. Frumentum triticum. Mart. Pl iny ha s sa id ,frumentum et h ordeum.
— TRIT ICUM,wheat. Mida dormienti for
mica tritici grana in 0 3 congesserunt. Cic.
1 149 . Frustrd . Incassitm. Nequicquam.
Each cf these th ree adverbs s ignifies, inva in, to no purpose, and theyseem to have been ind ifl
'
erently employed. They however admit of the
f oll ow ing distinct ion - FRUSTRA,when one has not been rewa rded
f or h is labour. Suscipere frustra labo rem. Cic.— INCA S SUM, when
we do not succeed in wh at we wish to do . Tu-ne tot incassum fusos
pat iere lab ores Virg. l ncassum te la j actas e . Liv.— NEQU ICQUAM,
uselessly . Ut r inque inj uria facta , ac res nequicquam erant repet ita . Liv. Nequicquam sap ere sap ientem, qui ipse sib i prod essenequiret. Cic.
hope we enterta in, thatyou w iil imita te aur ap licatian to labour. Sustinere expectationem sui, Id ., To
‘
answer t exp ectation one has 0‘
hirnself . Eum labantém e'
xcepit, edi'
ruere nonsivit, fulsit, susti'
h ult'
t e, fortuna'
,fi de ‘
. Id . Hoe su'
stiriete, inii'
jus lievéh iat malunr'
. Phad .
Sostrzm ns , (maintena nce«y sustmere) to sui
or t : it is onlyused figuratiiiely. Lab orem Spe
‘
otii suStentafe.
“
l. Sustentat emarorem.
‘Cie. Valetude emdoipdris nétiiiaet'
ob servatione ’
sixs
téfitatuf. (quasimoanire, fromma liia)‘
to a ny ,
‘
iastrengthen . Munire‘
castr a. Cas; Mii'ifie’
is m'
oi ibus muni re adittxsinsula . Cic.
“Ite l‘“fi ni t e ,“
Liv. , Te reipa ir‘
(i h igh zbdy, to pave it.Figuratively '
Ad‘
h oc nefariu‘ni facirius ad itum sib i aliis sceleribus
munivit. Cic. Mis e ricordia et liberal itat e se mun i re . Id .
1 156 . Fulgere. - Splen‘
d ere. Lucere. lYi ter'
e. Coru'
scdr’
e.
‘
Ra‘
diare.Rutila re. Micare.
FULGERE, to shi ne, to gl itter . Fulgent auro , purpura. Cic . Ful
gent gladi i. Liv. F'
g uratively Virtus“
intamiuatis’
fulget honoribus .
H or .— SPLENDERE, to sh ine with a pure br ightness. Puri
'
us'
mami oi‘esplendens. Her . Figur at ively Virtus luc et in tenebr is, sp lend et
que per sese semper. Cic. I t m be moreover observed, that ful reis rather the eff ect of a r t and 8p endere , the efi
'
ect of nature. U
cens , to g ive light. Luna qua lucet al i enaluce . Cic. Qui lumende suo lumine -accendi t, faci t ut nih ilomim
‘
xs ipsi lueeat, cum ill i'
ao
cend erit. Id . f igura tivel Cum res ipsa tot tam claris argumentissignisque luceat. Cic . lgquitas lucet ipsa per se. 1d . to
sh ine w ith a gentle br igh tnessy sttch as wha t is po lish ed , cleaned in
good plight of body ; set a gloss upon. Galea n itens. Virg . Qui ni
tent unguentis, qui fulfint purpura. Cic. Taurus
‘
n itens. Virg.
f iguratively : Ecrumvi quam niteat o rati o . Cic. Vectigal quodin pace n iteat, in bello non obsoleseat. Id — Conuscu w, (fromxdpvg, a helni et, ) to flash . Fiamma inte r nubes ~
coruseat. Cic. It
is also used actively Has tamque co ruscat , Virg. , He brandishes hisspear .— RAD IA RE , to sh ine, and cast forth beams and rays. Luna
radiantis imago . Vir'
g. Seuta sed et galea gemmis rad ientur etauto. Ovid a RUTXLARE, to shine li ke gold . Au rum rutilat. Pl in .
Coma p tomissa et mtilata , Liv., Long and fi ery- red ha ir.— Mx
CARE, (f rommica, small gra ins that sh ine in sand ) to spa rkle. Cre
b i'ismicat ign ibus a th er. Vi rg. It also signifies, to move bris to
pan t or beat as the hea rt or pulse dbes. Micare gladi is . Virg. ieat
aur ibus equus. Id. C or mieat . Ovi d . Jamverb vena et art er iamicat e non desinunt. Cic. Semian imesque micant digiti, Vi rg.,
Your dy ing f ingers are still moving . Figuratively Micat animus ,Liv., Myhea rt sta rts, and beats h igh .
FULGUBALI S , (from‘
fulgu r ) of or belonging to lightning . Arus
227 1
.
p icmi et:fulgurales libr i. .Cie. —FULM1 NEU8, f rom fulmen ) ofmra belanging
vto thund er. Ignis fulmineus . Ovid . Potenti l‘
ts ietu fol
mmeo or . atively . Mnestheus fulmineus . V irg. Fu1nsfi
nous ducto r, Sil. oA commander who burnsa nd killsevery where.
1 158 . Fulmen. Fulgur. Fulgor. Tonitru. Fulgetrum. Fulgurati o.
FULMEN , (f rom fulgere ) a thund erbolt. V is co tusca fulminis. Cic.
Fulmen lavum or.s1n1strum, Cic . , A clap of thunder f rom the eastit w as a good omen amongst thenRomans. Figu rat ively : Fulminaverbosom. C ic. Fulmina fortuna . Id . Duo fulmina belli, Scip iadas.
Virg .— FULGUR , l ightn ingg , a sudden (flash of , light ihat oes l tg
fbre
thunder . Rapidum fulgur. Ovi d . Ca l i fulguru. Cic. ULGOR, a
glittering brightness . Armorum fiflgo r. H or . Blacons al ia , etvful
.gore coruscant. Virg . It is said of aflash of lightning Fulg ores et
. tonitrua. Cic.— T0 N 1 TRU, (f rom tonare ) thunder, a rumbling and
terrifying sound caused by inflamed exha la tions that aregathered withina cloud . H omines toni trua jactusque fulminum extlmescunt. Cic.
Cum venti se in oub em ind uer int , ej usque tenuissimam quamque
p artem ca per int dividere ac d isrumpe re, idque erebrifis facere acveh ementius, tum et fulgores et ton itrua ex istere si au temconflictu ardor exp ressus se emiser it, i d esse fulmen . Id . Si fulserit,si tonuer it, si tectum al iquid erit de ca lo. Id . S i fulser it i s the l ightai ,
si tonuer it is the peat «y thunder,si tactum aliquid er it d e
ca is the thunderbolt.— FULGETRA and FULGETRUM, (f romfulgeo )a flash offlre that p ierces a cloud i n very ho t wea ther Si l n nube luc
tetux: flatus, aut vap or aut: ton itrua ed i ; si erumpat ardens, fulmina ;si longiore tractu nitatur , fulgetra ; h is find i nubem, il lis per rumpi.Plin . Pinx it et qua p ing i non possunt, t on itrua, fulge tra, fulgura.Id . Fulgura i n thef oregoing example is used f or the thunderbolt.FULGURAT IO , l igh tning app ear i ng 271 the clouds , thefl ash or the l ightning itself Nubesmed iocr iter collisa fulguratmnes efficiunt ; maj oreimpetu pulsa , fulmina. Sen . Fulgurat i o os tend it 1gnem, fulminatioemittit. Id . Fulmen , telum. 1psun1 qu od emittitur ; fulgur, eoruseatiocumfulmine ; fulgetrum, fulgo r tantum s ine fulmin e . G. D .
1 159 . Fultus. Fr etus . Nizrus.
FUL '
r as , from fo lci re ) borne up, supported, propped.
‘Previs fultunr male talis. H or . V 1trszmsr fulta s i t ad terram fe11 ur . Cic. Fi
gura tively : Fultumt
glor ia imperium. Cic (fi'
om'ferre)
being h eld upon , it is onlyfound in theflvurattve sense, trusting to; re1 ing upon. Fretus' conseientié officii mei. Cic. Malitia fretus Sua.
er . Fretus intelligentiavestr a dissero bre'vius, quam causa
'desi
d erat. Cic. ,— N 1xus (ff romn iti ) leaning on, reSting on.
'Hastili nixus.
Cic. Nixus 1n cubitum. Id . Figuratively . N ixus a quitate vestra.
Cic Innocentia freti, n ob ili tate nix i, p otentia fo lti, Id ., Th is example is deserving particula r not ice.
1 160.
'Furnosus. Fumidus.
FUMOSUS , tha t has been smoked, made black with smoke. Fumosaimagines. Cic. Fumosa p erna. H or .
-FUM 1DUS , that smokes. Ta dafilmida. Virg. Fumida al taria. Ovid .
1 161 . Pandere.FUNDERE, properly , tof ound, to castmetal. Fundere
'
ex a re imaa
ginem Plin. N eque en im, quanquz‘
im fusis omn ibusmembris,'
stat'
ua
fi t, nis1 collocetur . Quint. It a ls o si ij ies to pour out, to shed. Fundere sanguinem. Cic. Figurat ively Fina per gentes superstitio. Cic.
Pandere versus extemp ore . Id . Fundere exercitum, Id ., To de ea tan army . Fund itur in omnes partesvitis. Id . Fund ere p reces . irg .
Fundere mendacia, Plaut . , To tell a thousand l ies. Fundere, saysPopma , sensim in omnes partes sparge re .
— EFFUNDERE, imo imp e tu,s ine modo proj icere . Mult i patr imonia eifuderunt inconsulté lar
iend o. Cic. Fab ianus mih i non efl'
und ere videtur orationem, sed
und ere adeo large est, et s ine per turbatione, non sin e cursu tamenvenions. Sen . Efi
‘
undere iram in aliquem. Liv. Eii'
undere a rar ium,
C ic. , To exhaust the public treasure. Efl'
und ere animam, Virg.,— ex
tremum spiritum, C ic.,— vitam, Ovid ., To br eathe one
'
s last, to exp ire .Efl’undere crines, Luc. , to dishevel one’s ha ir .— D 1FFUNDERE , ( diversim fund ere ) to pour out, to spi ll ; it is said aj ti aids . Sanguis pervenas in omne co rpus d ifl
'
usus. C ic. G lacies ore li uefacta diffund itur . Id . Figura tively D iffusus erro r. Cic. D iifunderevultum,
Id ., To exh ibit a j oyful countenance. Crimen paucorum d iifund ere inomnes . Ovid . Difi
'
undere d olorem flend o, Id ., To ease one’
s gr ief byshedding tears.
1 162. Fund itits . Radicitits. Eradicitits .
FUND ITUS . (f rom fundus ) utterly . Urbes pereunt fund itfis. H or .
Figuratively Fund itus tollere fid em. C ic .— RAmcrr us , (from ra
d ix ) to thevery root Atque ille tulit rad icitus altas fogos. Gatul .
F iguratively Ex_cutere opinionem rad icitus. Cic.
— ERA DIC ITUS ,
f rom thevery end of the roots . Non rad icitus quidem h erclé, verume tiameradicitus. Plaut. 1
1 1 63. Fundus. Territorium.
FUNDU S , the bottom, the lowest pa rt of any hollow th ing . Fundusarmar ii . Cic . Figuratively Largitio fund um non h abet . Cic. It als os ignifies land or ground. Cultus fundus . Ho r . Ob ire fundos nostroscui non l ice t, aut res rustices vel fructus caush , vel d eiectationisC ic. In th is sense avineya rd -p lot is fundus , an olive- tree ground-plotis li kewise fundus . Fundus moreover s ignifies, he who ratifies and outhori z es a th ing . Nogat ex fce derato p opul o quemquam p otuisse,n is i is p opulus fundus factus esset, in h ome civitatem ven ire . Cic.
on ut h uj us sententiae fundus fierem. Gell.— T £ nR 1T0 R 1UM, gf romterm) a terr itory , the land ly ing with in the bounds of a city . Lt flo
rentis colonize terr itoriumminueretur . Cic. Territorium, OCCOl llgto Va rro, is the lands tha t belong in common to a town .
1 164. Funebr is . Funereust Ferali s.
FUNEBRI S , (f rom funus ) funerea l, be’onging tofuner als . Funebris
laudati o . Quint. Vestimentum funebre . Cic. Hpulum funebre . Id .
Funebre b ellum has been used by Horace to exp ress a destructive wa r .
— FUNEREUS , off unera ls , that announces Obsequies or fi ner a ls. Funereus bub o , Ovid . , An owl , the hooting of wh tch prognostica tes dea th .
Frons funerea, Virg., A branch of a cypress - tree , tha t'
was p laced at
the door of a dead person .— FERALI S , (a). ferend is epuIis
‘;concern ing
the dead. Ferales epulze. Plin . Ferales antecup ressos. irg. Dona
nianumvetus in fm'
aoe servo, solum esse , cui domi n ihi l sit obsignstum et occlusum. Cic.
— FURUNCULU S, a l ittle thief . Olim furunculus, nunc etiam rapax . Cic.
1 170. Furen‘
s. Furiosus. Fur ibundas. Furiatus. Furialis.
FUBENS is a man thrown into a violent passion . Audac ia furensCatil ina . Cic. Inflammatus et furens libidinibus . Id . Figuratively :V enti furentes . Virg. Loca faata furentibus Austr is . Id .
— FUR 1 0
sus, a man habitually in a state off ury. Aliquemfuriosum judicare .Cic. Furi osus , says Vulla , qui ita j actatur ag itaturque, ut n equeco rpo re neque an imo cons
‘
istere possit. Figuratively : Furi osa cu
fEid l tas. Cic.
— FURIBUNDUS , in avio lent rage, raving mad . Annibal is
uribundammentemavestris reppuli t temp lis . C ic. Furibund ae p ra
dictiones . Id . Furentes or fur iosae would be imp rop er .— FLH IATUS ,
made mad , p rovoked tof ury . Furiatamente ferebar . Virg .— FURIA
L I S , of or perta in ing toj ur ies , or tofurious people. Furialisvest is, Cic.,
The sh irt, the putting on of wh ich made Herculesfi tr ious . Inoessus fu
sialis, Liv., Furious steps. Ausa furialia. Ovid . Furialis vox . Cic.
1 171 . Fur ice. D in e . Eumen ides .
FURIE , the Furies , daughters of Acheron and N01 , and avengers ofcrimes. Eos qui aliquid imp ie sceleratéque commiserint, agitar i et
perterreri Fur iarum taed is ardentibus .— Th ey were also called DIRE
( quas i Deorum i ree ) . Crasso qu id accid erit Dit arum obnunciatione
neglecta. Cic. Th ey were moreover called EUMEN IDES (f rom Ebri e
my, benevolus ) . Th e orig in Qf that name is sa id to be th is Oresteshaving been impeached before the Areopagus of Ath ensfor having sla inhis mother Cl temnestra , the Gods, twelve in number , were h is j udgesbut thevotes heir: divided, Orestes was a cquitted. From tha t momentthe Furies lefl o persecuting him and , out ofgratitudefor such a favour, hegave th em the name (f Eumenid es, i . e. p rop itious, beneficent.S ome authors think that they were ca lled Eumen ides by antiph ras is .
Tunc p rimam lacrymisvictarum carmine fama est Eumen id um maduisse genas . Ovi d.
1 172. Furiose. Fur ialiter .
Fumo sz ,fur iously . Ets i solet cum, cum ali quid furi ose fecit,paenitere. Cic.
— FUR IALITER, after themanner of the Furies, l ike a
madman. Non h abet exactum qui d agat, fur ialiter od it . Ovi d .
1 173. Furor . Jnsania . Rabies.
FUROR, madness. Furo r, mentis ad omn ia ceecitas . Cic.
Cmons furor. or . also sa id of a divine or p oetical rapture. Furo r appellatur , cum 5 corpore an imus abstractus divino instinctuconcitatur . C ic.
— INSANIA, (non sanus) extravagance. Insan ia, id
est, inconstantia san i tate vacans. Cic. Insania means less than Furor.Insaniamcensuer aut p osse tue ri med iocr itatem officio rum, etvitacommunem cultum atque us itatum. Cic.
— RABI ES, rage, is properlysaid qf dogs . Statqlie canum rab ies . Ovid . It is sa id of men . Ra
b ies ed end i, Vir Ravenous hunger . Arch iloch um pro ri o rab iesarmavit iambo. fl or a Figuratively: Bell i rab i es. V irg. b ies cml i que marisque. Id .
275
1 174. Futilis. Fr ivolus.FUTILI s, (fromfutire, to p our out) properly , that pours out. Futiles
canes, Ph a d. , Dogs with a loose belly. Figuratively H omo futilis,Ter., An inconsiderate man. Nunc conde ferrum et l ingnam parite rfutilem. Ph aed . Laetitize futiles, Cic.,
Ava in j oy. Futi les commentitiwque sententiae . Id .
— FR 1 V 0 LU S , (f rom fri o , to crumble ) p roperlybrittle, easy to be broken. Jam p oscit aquam, j am frivola transfertUcalegon . Juv. Figuratively Fr ivolous, q
”
novalue. Frivolus sermo .C ic. Quap rOp ter anf
'
er frivolam insolentiam. Ph eed . Ubivanusanimus aura captus frjvola. Id .
1 175. Gallus. Gallicas . Gallicanus .
GALLUS , born in Gaul, in France. Rob ore valent Galli. Cic.
GALLICUS , that inhabits Gaul, France, though not a native. C0p iaa
G allicae. Cic. I t is sa id inthe land, &c. Ager Gallions. Cic. Gal
licus canis. Ovid . Gallica palla . Mart. -GALLICANUS , concern ingGaul, France. Gallicanaz res. Cic.
1 176. Ganea. N epos. Asotus.
GANEO , ( from ganea, a brothel- house ) a haunter of bawdy -houses.Ganeo egen tissimus . Cic — NEPOS, properly , a grandson. N eposavum in cap itis d iscrimen ad d ux it. Cic. As g randsons ar e too (ytenspo iled by thei rgrandf athers, they sometimes turn rogues and disorderly:h ence NEPOS is oftentimes sa id of a spendthrift, a man ir regular in h isconduct. Perd itus ac profusus nep os . Cic.
—Aso r Us , f rom do or og,lost,vicious) over head and ears in d ebauchery . Asoti elegantes op t imis cocis, p istor ibus , p iscatu , aucup i o , venatione, &c. Cic. Posseasotos ex Ar istipp i, acerb os e Z enonis sch o la ex i ra. Id .
1 177. Garr ire. Bla tera re.
GARRI RE, to crook, to ch irp . Rana? garr iunt. Mart . Lusciniasgarr iunt. Apul. Figuratively to prate, to chatter, to ta lk id ly . Gar
rimus quidquid in buccamven it . Cic. Impunitas gar r iend i. Id . cam
quid libet ille gar riret . H OI‘
.— BLATERARE, to bowl, to say idle th ings
in a loudvoice. Stulta et immod ica blaterant , quorumlingua tamcu
p ida infra nisque sit, ut fluat semp er, et aestuet colluvione verborumteterrima. G ell. Cummagno blateras clamore fugisque. H or .
1 178 . Gaua’er e. Lastar i .
GAUDERE denotes a more iriter ior and moderate j oy. In sinu gaud ere . Cic.
— LE TAR I expresses a j oy that bur sts out, and cannot be restra ined. Lzetar is tu in omn ium gemitu et tr iumph as . Cic. Atqueut confid ere decet ; timere non d ecet ; sic qu idem gaudere d ecet , 1&tari non d ecet ; quon iam agaudi o t itiam d istinguimus. Id . Cumrati one aniuius movetur placideatque constanter , tum illud gaudiumd icitur ; cum autem inaniter et efl
'
usé an imus exultat , tum illa laetitiagestiensvel n imia dici p otest. Id .
1 179 . Gaz a . Thesaurus .
GAZA is a Persian word tha t s ignifi es r iches, money , wealth of allT 2
976
sorts . Pecuniam regiam (gaz am Persee vocant ) cum pretiosissimisre rum efi
'
erri jubet . Q . Curt. Tabulmet Troia gaz a per undas . Virg.
Maced onum gaz a. Liv. Beatae Arabum gaz e . H or .- THESAURUS
is properly a collection of th ings set apa rt in order to be kept : it is gener al/y sa id of h idd en money. Respond it conj ector th esaurum esse
d efossum sub lecto . Cic . It is sa id of an inward and secret p lace. Admonent quidam esse th esaurum publicum sub tet ra sax o quadr atoseptum ; ed vinctus mittitur . Plin . Figurat ively Th esaurus ret urnomn iummemoria. Cic. Th esaurus mali , Plaut .
,A source of evils .
1 1 80. Gelu. Glacies. Pru ina .
GELU ,fi ost, p iercing cold tha tf reez es thewater . Astr icto gelu coitunda. Ovid . Acutum gelu. H o1 sa clisque
efl'
ce ta senectus . Virg.— GLAC I ES , ice, wa ter congea led and ha rdened
bycold . Saucia sole incerto glacies. Ovid . Flumina trudunt glaciem.
Virg .— PRU 1 NA , (quas i perur ina,f r om urere
.
, becausef rost in a manner burns ) h oa rf rost. Canis alb icant arva prui nis. H or . Co rp ora cir
cumfusa pruinis . Virg.
1 1 8 1 . Geminus . Gemellus .
G EM INUS , tw in, double, equa l, or l ike Sorores geminze . H o r . Ge
minum partum edere . Liv. G eminae voragines . Cic. Max ime gemina soci etas hwred itatis , Id ., Partnership is perf ectly equal to an i nh er itance.
- G EM 1-:LLU S , tha t is in pa irs . Proles gemella. Ovid . Ad
ca tet a p enegemelli . H or .
1 1 82. Gemma. Margarita. Un io. Smaragdus .
GEMMA i s the genera l name for any precious stone, either opake ord iaphanous . Gyr i o rnatus Pe rsicus multo auro , multisque gemmis.Cic. Lucida gemma. Ovid . I t i s sa id of a oung bud (ya vine, treesand flowers f urgent in palmite gemmae. irg.
- MARGARITA and
MARGARI TUM ar e sa id (if pea rls extracted f rom shellfi sh Oceanus
gignit marga1 ita, sed suffusa et liventia . Tac. N ego nllamgemmataaut margar i tam fuisse , quin abstuier it. Cic — UN 1 0 , ( f rom unus ) apearl called an un ion . Pl iny g ives us an id ea of it . Dos omn is in can
dore , magnitudine , o rb e , laevore, p ondere , baud p romptis rebus, intantum ut nulli d uo re
per iantur indiscreti , unde n omen unionumRo
manae scilicet 1mposué re d eliciae. Pli11 . Uni o , to s ignify un ion, concord, is not used by elegant authors .
— SMARAGDUS , an emerald, a pr ecious stone of a green colour . V irides smaragd i. Ovid . G randes vir idi cum luce smaragd i. Lucret.
1 183. Gemmatus. Gemmeus.
GEV MATUS , set with p recious stones. Gemmat i magma sp eci e aunuli . Liv.
— G EMMEUS , of p reci ous stones. Mittit et iam trul lam gemmeam rogatum. 10 P1 ura tively: Li ke p recious stones . Gemmeamcaudatn exp licat pavo . h eed .
1 184. Gence . Ma la :
GENE is properly the part of thef ace under the eye - l ids . G enae abinferi o re parte tutantur oculos subj ectze , leviterque eminentes. Cic.
Pilosaagenw. Id —,MALA the cheeks, the round and l ively - red part
of thef ace Infra oculosmake b omini tantum, quas pr isci o0renas vo
oscunt. V irg. Co rp o ra quatuo r genitalia, Ovid . ,
2. Of or belong ing to one‘
s birth , natal. Gen iG enitalis dies. Tac.
— GEN IT IVUS , tha t or igina tesf rom birth , that is born with us . Adj ectique probent enitiva agn omina Cotta . Ovid. Genitivas notes, Suet. , ill orks t t we wereborn with . Gen itivus casus, Cic. , The gen itive case, because the othercases ar e formedf rom it.
1 189 . Geniculatus. Nodosus.'G ENICULATUS, (from gen lg
that has manyj oints or knots, is onlysa id Qf the stems of plants. eniculatus culmus. Cic.
— NODOSUSf rom n odus ) is sa id of any th ing that is knotty . Stipes n odosus .
vid . Lina n odosa, Id ., N ets. N odosa ch i ragra. Hor .—p odagra,
Ovid The gout, tha t causes bumps in the j oints of the hands orf eet.fi gura tively Adde Cicutae nodqsi tabellas centum, Hor ., Add thehundred tablets cy
' C icuta , who is so expert in entrapp ing debtors.
1 1 90 . Gens . Familia .
GENS was like the trunk or body Qf a tree, that qflen branched outinto severa l f amil ies .
— FAM I L IA was the branches Qf the tree, and ihcluded the f ather, mother, slaves , &c. For example, in the gens Corn elia, was included the family (J Cornelius Maluginensis, of Cornel ius Scip i o , cy
“ C ornelius Lentulus of Cornel ius Dolabella, of Co rnelius Rufinus, &c . Cornelius Scip i o o rationem h abuit plenamve risd ecor ibus, non commun iter Cornelia gent is, sed p rop rie famil iarsue . Cic. Ex gente Domitia d uae familite claruerunt, Calvinorum,
et Ah enobard orum. Sue t. Familia isvery often sa id Qf a ll the ser
vants belong ing to a common master . Quem convocata j ubet occid ifamil ia. Ph and . .
lEsopus domin o solus cum esset familia. 1d . Terence has used familia to express p rovis ions. Decem d ierummih i vixest familia. Authors some imes use one of these words for the other .Livy ,
speak ing of the Fabii, says : Omnes un ius gentis ; and afterwards, ibant un ius familia duces.
1 1 9 1 . Gens. Natio .
Gs , synonymous with nati o , includes a whole race of men as,
G ens Troj ans , gens Romana.— N s
'
r 10 , a pa rticula r people sp rungf r om the race spoken of. The same people may be nati o in one respect,and gens in another . The Saxons a r e nati o with rega rd to the Ger
mans in general 1 they ar e gens with rega rd to the several states thatcompose Saxony ; or, in another way,
with rega rd to the severa l racescg“a Saxon or ig in . Th e Germans themselves a r e nati o with rega rd to
the Europeans , and the la tter ar e gens wi th rega rd to the people inhabiting Germany Nunc do Suevis d icendum est, quorum non una
Cattorum Tencter orumque gens maj orem en im German impartemobtincnt, p ropri is nation ibus nominibusque d istincti . Tac. S oci etas
p rop r io r est ej usdem gent is , nationis , lingute . C ic. Nati o is a lso saidof a body Qf persons of the some rank . Nat i o Op timatum. C ic.
‘
Can
d idatorum nat i o . Id .
1 199 . Gentil is. Genti litius. Genticus.O
Cicero inj orms us wha t we a re to understand by GENT I L I S . Gen
t1les, qu1 1nter se eod em sunt n omine, ab ingenuis o r1und1 , quorum
279
maj orum nemo servitutem servivit, qui cap ite non sunt diminuti.He calls K ing Tullius gent ilem suum, because he had the samename.— GEN T ILIT IUS , that is common to a peop le,
-that is peculiar to thafamilies of the same race . Gentilitia n ota, Liv., A mark common to awhole fami ly . Likewise e Sacr ificia gentilitia. Cic.
— GENT ICUS ,
p roper to a nation. Ad duntur é servitiis glad iaturae dest inat i, quibus more gentico continuum ferri tegimen. Tao.
1 1 93. Genus. Stirps. Prosap ia .
G ENUS , or ig in. Clarum genus. H or . Regium genus. Id . It is
sa id of a genus, a species. G enus h umanum, Cic., Mank ind.
S T I RPS , pr operly the root. Imo de sti rp e recisum. Virg. Validae
stirp es. Id . Figuratively Generatumex ipsius sap i entiae‘
stl rpe ge
nus . Cic. Stirps , sa id Qf race, stock g"a l ineage or k indred, ( inwh ich
sense we take it h ere, ) is alway s of the f emin ine gender . Egregiéi d e
Priami stirp e . Virg. Qui aliquandi l‘
i p ropter ignorationem sti rp is et
generis in famulatu vixerint. C ic. Fceminea sti rps. Ovid .— PRO
S APIA is sa id of a very ancient and extensive race or progeny . Veteris
p r osap iae et multaram imaginam h omo . Sall. De Coelitum p rosa
p ié te esse arbitror . Plaut. Cicero uses th is word only as an old one. Et
eorum, ut veteri utamur verb o , p rosap iam. Quintilian says it oughtnot to be used by elegant writers or speakers .
1 1 94. Gestire. Exilire. Exultare.
G EST I RE, to show bygesture of body what onef eels. Evolat e gestiunt , Cic., speak ing of young bi rds moving their l ittle wings in theireagerness to get out Qf th eir nest. Gestit paribus colludere . H or .
Figuratively Gestit an imus. Cic. G esti o scire . Id .- Ex 1LmE,
(f rom ex and sal ire ) to leap out. Domo levis exilit . H or . Figu ratively To start
, to g ive a sudden leap . Ex ilire gaudi o . Cic.— Ex
ULTARE, (saltare ex ) to sk ip, to frisk . In h erbis exultatvacca.
Ovid . Figura tively Alacris imp robitas exultat in Victoria. Cic .
Annibalem j uveniliter exultantem pati enti a sué molliebat. Liv. Exultare in aliquem, Cic., To insult and domineer over one.
1 1 95. G igantes. Titunes .
G I GANTES , (f rom 707, terra ) the Giants, the sons of Titan andTellus, Qf monstrous si z e, with a dragon
’
s feet, who waged war aga instH eaven . G igantes illi quos poe
'
tae ferunt b ellum D iis immortalibusintulisse. Cic. More G igantum b ellare Diis qu id aliud est n isi natur ee repugnare l d .
— TITANES . The Titans were sons of _Titan and
Tellns . Having taken a rms aga inst their uncle, Saturn, they made hima pr isoner ; but were afterwards overcome by Jup iter, who thereuponreleased h is fa ther . Cum Titan is et G igantibus b ella gesserunt Dii.C ic. Plato é Titanum genere statuit eos , qui, ut illi Ccelestibus,sic h i adversentur Magistratibus. Cic. The Ti tanswaged war aga instSaturn, and the Giants aga inst Jup iter. Pagan authors of ten use one
«y these names for the oth er .
1 1 96 . Gladius. Ens is . S ica . Acinaces. Pug io .
O
GLAD l US , a broad cutting sword. Recond ere glad ium in vagina.
Cic.—Ens i s, a sword, an oflensiveand defensive weapon hang ing froma belt i t isvery seldomused but in poetry . Ensisvagina tectus. H or .
l
280
Ensem in p ectus ad igere. Ovid . Livy has used th is word once, andg iven it the same s ignification as gladius.
— S ICA , (f r omsecare ) a dagger , a kind if pon iard it resembled a short broad-sword. Puet i quisloasvibrat e, et venena sparge re di d icerunt. Cic. Jam t ib i ex tortaest sica ista de manibus. l d .
— AC I NACES , a Persian orMedian sword.
Medus acinaces . H on— Pa o l o , (f rom pungere ) a ponia rd, a kindof weapon to strike with the po int, much shorter than a sword, nea rlyof the somef orm as a stiletto. Veste tectum pugionem expedir e co
natus est. Sall. Stillantem p rae se pug ionemtul it. Cic .
1 197 . Gliscere. Cr ebr escer e.
GLI SCERE, fromyk to'
p g, lentus , lubricus ) to sp read i tself , togrow insensibly . Discordia gliscit . Liv. G liscunt an imis discordibus irae. Virg.
- CREBRESCERB, (f rom creber ) to become more f re
yzuent, to increase more and more. Op tatee auree crebrescunt. Virg .
rebrescit sermo . Id . Res percrebuit, in ore atque se rmone omn ium ce p it esse . C ic. Crebrescebat G ra cas per urbes licentia. Tac.
Fama crebrescit. Id .
1 1 98 . Gloria . Gloriatio . Laus. Laudatio . Prceconiu 'n . Pre dicatio.
Elog ium.
GLORIA , glory , advantage got f rom the esteem of vi rtuous peop le.G loria est consentiens laus b ono rum, incorrup ta vox b ene j ud icant ium de excellente virtute . Cic. G lor ia est illus tr is et pervagatamultorum etmagnorumvel in suos cives, vel in patr iam, vel in omne
.g enus h 0minum fama mer itorum. Id .- GL0 R IAT I o , a g lory ing , os
tentation . Ex quo efficitur glor iatione, ut ita d icam, dignam essebeatam vitam. Cic.
— LAUS , p ra ise, a good name amongstvirtuousp eople . Trahimur omnes land is stud i o , et op t imus quisque max imé
gloria d ucitur . Cic. Landis glor iaeque mercedern vi rtus des iderat .Id . Dives arca veram laud em intercipit. Phaed . Gloria in tacitaOp ini one , laus in ap ertap raad icatione cons istit et illustr ior est.
LAUDAT IO, a panegyric, a laud atory ora tion. Cadave r Publii Clodii spoliatum exequiis, p ompa , laudatione. Cic. Funeb res laudat iones, Quint , Funeral orations. It was sa id of the deputat ion sentby a city to Rome in order to bea r witness in favour of thegood oonduct
of an ind ividual, of the decree tha t was passed in conse uence of it , and
of the discourse of the deputies . Recordare quibus(
landationem ex
ul timis te rris miser is . Cic. Idem laudationem quam nos ab Ath eni
ensibus Flacco datam p roferebamus, falsam esse dicebat. Id .
PRE C ON IUM, (canere p res ) l . The cr ier’s oflixe, the publish ing orp rocla iming any thing . Bj us vox in p reeconio quwstum p razst itit.
C ic. Preeconium facere . Id . 2. An eulogy , or pra ise . Omnes mandari versibus aeternum Iab oram snorum p rwconium facilepatiuntur .Cic.
— Pnaamca r l o , ( dicere p rm) a publish ing . Beneficiorum p reed icatio . Cic. Qauz p r iedicatio prazconi acerba futura es t. Id . Plu
r imorump ra dica tione, Id . , Fromthe testimony of many .— ELOGIUM ,
f rom Aayog, sermo ) l . A title. Quod elogium recitésti de testamento Cneii Bgnatii, idcirco se et red ésse filium, quod is ad Op
goianici damnationern pecuniam accepisset. Cic. 2. A testimonial.lonis quidem sap ientis elogium est, quo se negatvelle , &c., Cic.,
It is a testimon ia l of thewise Salon’
s sentiments, &c. 3. An inscr ip
us . A thing may be grata , without being j ueunda ; as when we ar einf ormed of a sad and mel ancholy event, but wh ich it is of momentwesh ould be inf ormed of. Istaveritas , etiamsi jucunda non est, mi h itamea grata est . Cic. Cujus oflicia j ucund iora scilicet suape mihifuerunt, nunquam gratiora. Id . Amor tuus et Optatus ; d icerem
j ucund um, n is i h oc verbum ad tempus perd id issem. l d .— Gua n o
8 0 8 , 1 . Tha t is in g reat favour. Apud omn es ord ines gratiosus .
Cic. 2 . Tha t is ambitions of j ab-our . Juventutis et gratiosorum in
sufi'
ragiis studia. Cic. 3. Procured by favour. Sufl'
ragatio gratiosa.
Cic. Gratiosi scribes in dando et cedendo loco . 1d .
1 205. Gratus. l ldemor .
GRATUS , synonymous with memor , thankful, tha t p roves his gr atitude. that remembers a good ofli ce. Sp ondeo te so ci osBithyniae, s i h is commod averis , memores ess e et gratos
'
cogni turam.
Cic. Memorem me dices et gratum. Ter .
1206 . Grava re. G rava r i . Gravescere.
G RAVARE, (f rom gravis ) to burden , to load or weigh down. Poma
gravantia ramos. Ovid . Mull gravat i sarcinis ibant d uo . Ph aed .
Figurat ively Nec me lab o r iste gravabit. Virg . At tu fortunam
parce gravare meam. Ovid . Quis gravat mentem dolor ? Sen .
GRAVAR I , to g rudg e o r refuse a th ing ,to be loth to do it. Ego verd
non gravarer , si mih i ipse confiderem. C ic . Quid si, quaevoce gravaris , mente dares Virg . If you would but tacitly grant me, wha t
you scruple to g rant openly— GRAV ESCERB, to be burdened. Nec
mind s interez‘
i foetu nemus omne gravescit. Virg.
1 207 . Grava tt‘e. Gr avatim.
GRAVATE, ( from gravis ) grudg ingly, with an i ll will . I t is op
posed to ben igne. Qui errant i comiter monstrant viam, b enigne, non
gravate. Cic .— GRA V A T IM , pa infully , repugnantly . Haud gravatim
socia arma Rutulis j unx it. Liv.
1 208 . Gravidas . Foetus.
GRAV IDUS , (f rom gravis ) loaded, f ull. Ad fores auscultato , at
que asserva h as sedes , me quis adventato r , qui manus attuler it ster iles intro ad nos, gravidas foras expor tet. Plaut. G ravida tellus .
'
Ovi d . G ravidaefruges . Virg.— Fe r ns, big with young , or tha t has
young it is sa id (J an ima ls. Non insueta graves tentabunt pah ulafcntas . Virg. Fecerat et vi rid i foe tam Mavortis in antro p rocubuisse lupam ; geminos h uic ubera circnm ludera p endentes pueros ,
et lambere matrem impavid os. 1d . Foetus,figura tively, a lways sign ifi es full, abounding . Loca foeta furentibus austris. Virg . Scan it
fatali s mach ina muros foeta armis . Id . Terra fazta frugibus . Cic.
1209 . Gravida mulier . Praegnans mulier.
G RAV IDA MUL I ER , a woman with ch ild , whether the time of herdel ivery be near or distant. Latona gravida et j am ad partum vicina. C ic.
- Pnrs o nnns (giguere prise ) is said qf a woman whosetime of lay ing - in is nea r. Praa'gnantes , sed non par ientcs. Plin. It
is also applied to a woman with ch ild, whose delivery is far distant.
283
Is ux orem suam interr ogavit esset me praegnans ; ea 89 esse re8pondit. Cic
1210. Gravis . Onerosas. Onerari as.
GRAV I S , heavy, weighty . Grave omnino insuetis onus. Ph aed .
Figuratively : G ravi s vi n o ci somn o . Liv. And in anoth er sense :G ravis testis, Cic. A cred ible witness . Vereor ne t ib i sim gravis .
I d . Fletus ed entem graves . Ph aed — 0 NERO SUS , burdensome, tooh eavy . Onerosa praeda. Virg. Hasta onerosa et gravis imbellibuslacer tis. Ovid . Figuratively : Sors onerosior . Ovid . Onerosa servitus. Suet.— ONERAR IUS , serving for burden or carr iage. Navisoneraria, Caes., A sh ip g
" burden.
1 21 1 . Gregorius. Gregalis .
G REGARIUS , (f rom grex ) of or belong ing to a f lock , concerningthefl ock. Grega1 ius pasto 1 . Col . Figura tive!y . Gregarias miles,Cic., A common sold ier, a private.
—G°
REGALI S , «y’the same fl ock.
Equ i b on i futuri sigma sunt, si cum gregalibus m pabulo contend it
in carrea do . Var . Figuratively . G 1 egales Catilinae. Cic. G regalestui , Id Those of your gang. Gregali h ab itu, 1
“
ac In the dress ofa common sold ier .
1 212. Gr essus. Gradus. Passus. Incessus .
GRES SUS , (f rom grad ior ) a pace, a step . Veniebat gressa del icato et languid o . Ph aed . G ressumque canes comitantur h erilem.
Virg .- GRADUS , ( from grad ior ) the step if a ladder. Scalarum
gradus . Cic. G radus t emp li tollebantur . Id . It is said of the pacein walk ing . Accelerat e gradum. Liv. Revocare gradum. Virg.
Figura tively H onoris gradus . Cic. Tenere gradum consular is d ign itatis . l d .
— PA ssus , (f rom pandere , passum) a pace in wa lk ing,cons isting of five f eet. Ut ab urb e abesset mille passus. Cic. Trid uo septingenta millia passuum ambulare . Id . I t is sa id of the stepsin walking . Sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis. Virg. Tardop assu incessit. Ovid . Ten er o acmolli passu suspend imus gradum,
nec ambulamus, sed inced imus. Sen .— 1NCES SUS ,
'
a stately ga it, a
bold and noble manner of walk ing . Etvera incessu patuit Dea. V i rg.
N on incessu solfim, sed or natu. Cic. Fingere s ib i vultum et inces
sum, ut gravior videatur. Id .
1213. Gubernaculam. Clavus. Temo .
GUBERNACULUM , (f rom nvé’sordw, to govern ) th e rudder of a sh ip .
H 1c ille nauf'
ragas ad gubernacula accessit. Cic.- CLAVUs is pr o
perly a na il , a spi ke. Clavus trabalis . Cic. It is sa id of a roundknob , or stud of purp le, with wh ich the robes of senators and knigh tswere adorned . Clavum ut mutaret in h oras. H or . Clavus, in the
sense here understood, is the handle of the rudder i t is used f or therudder i tself . l lle autem clavum tenens sed eat in papp i . Cic. Cla
vogue immobilis h eeret. Virg. Figura tively Clavum imp erm te
nere , et gubernacula Reipublicae tractat e . Cic.— TEMO , the beam if
a wa in, or the draught tree whereon the yoke hangs. Temone p laustrum flectere. Ovid . I t is hardly ever sa id Qf the h andle of a rudder.
1214. Gurges. Vorago . Barath rum. Prcecip itium. Abyssus.
GURGES , a whirlpool. S inuatus '
gurges' in curvos arcus. Ovid.
284
Flumineo venit de gurgite p iscis. Mart. Sometimes it signifies thewh i rling rage of the sea . Apparent rari nantes in gurgite vasto .
V irg . Figuratively : A r iotous sp endth rif t. Il le gurges atque h elluo natus abd omini suo. Cic.
— VORAGO , a quagmire, a wh irlpi t.Submersus equus voraginibus non ex titit. Cic. Turbidus h ic coen ovastaquevoragine gurges aestuat, atque omnem Cocyto eructat are
nam. Virg. Figuratively Vorago et gurges patrimonu. Cic.—BA
RATHBUM , (f romBdflog, hollow ) any deep p lace. Atque imo barath ri ter gurg ite vastos sorbet in abruptum fluctus. Virg. Figuratively : speaking of a gr eat glutton. Illuvies et tempestas , barath rumque macelli . H on— Pani c I PI 'I‘IUM, (f romp rae and caput ) aprecip ice, a place steep
'
on a ll s ides . Deferr i per p rwcip itia. Quint.In p raecipitium impellere . Suet.— ABYS SUS , an abyss, an immensedep th , the bottom of which cannot be explored. I t is only used in the
sacred writings .
1 215. Gustus . Gustatus .
GUSTUS , the taste or sensation g iven by the th ing tasted. Uva primoest peracerba gustui. Cic. Figuratively V erw landis gustum non
h abent. Cic.— GUSTATUS , the sense or f aculty of tasting . Gustatl is
qui sentire eorum, qu ibusvescimur , ge nera debet, h ab itat in eaparteo ris, quaesculentis et poculentis ite r natura patefecit. Cic. Gus
tatus est sensus max imevolup tar ius. Id .
1216. Gutta . Stilla . Stiria .
GUTTA , a drop of any l iquid matter , of a round form, whether it
f alls of or not. Numeram 1n cadent ibus ga ttis , quod intervallis d istinguuntur , n otare p ossumus. C ic. Guttw imb rium. Id . Guttis
que h umectat gr and ibus o ra. Virg. Vini gutta. Plaut.— ST I LLAimpl ies the fa ll ing of cf a drop , and not so much the roundness of itas gutta. Stilla olei . Plin. Stilla mur icze . Cic.
— ST I R IA, a th ickor congealed drop . Stir iaque impexis ind uruit h orrida barb is . Virg.
Turp is ab inviso pendebat stiria naso . Mart.
H abena . Lorum. Cor rig ia.
H ABENA , the reins of a br idle. Liber h abenis equus. Virg. Fi
gura tively Classique immittit h abenas . Virg. Lax issimw h abenae
amicitiee. Cic. l raram omnes efi'
undi t h abenas . Virg. It is a lsosa id of the string or lea ther of a sl ing , of a narrow strap of lea th er .Ipse ter adductaci rcum caput egit h abena. Virg. In soulis latui tmetuens pend entis h ab ena . H on — Lo uvre , a leathern stri ng . Cae
dere loris. Cic. As the reins were of leather , lora has bee nused to ex
press the reins themselves. Fer tur equis , cur ruque h aeret resupinusinan i , lo ra tenens tamen . Vi rg. Corrige lo ra manu. Ovi d . Lorafraznis continet spumantibus. Ph a d .
— Co nmcu , (f romcorium) thela tchet of the shoe, a th ong of leather. Corrigia calceamenti . Cic.
121 8 . Habil is . Capax.
H AB 1 L1 8 ,fi t, apt, suitable. Calce i h ab iles et apti ad p edem.
.
Cic.
Hab ilis gladius ad p rop iorem pugnam. Liv. Namque h umeris d e
1224 . Heeresis. Secta .
HE RES IS , (from d tpeatg, cho ice ) an op in ion, a sentiment. Cato in9 5est h eeresi, quae nullum sequitur florem orationis. Cic.
— SECTA,
(f romsequi) a sect, a way of l iving . Qui h anc sectam rationemqueVite secuti sumus. Cic. Ph ilosoph orum sectee , familiae, discId . Secta Cwsaris, Id ., Thefollowers Qf Caesar
’
s party.
1225. Haur ire. Sorbere.
HAUR IRE, to draw up it is properly said of l iquids. Hausta aquad e jugi pate o . Cic. I t also signifies to dr ink . Impiger bunsit s u
mantem pateram. Virg. Figuratively Flamma maltos h ausit. iv.Hanc legemanaturahausimus. Cic. H aurire oculis d olorem. Id .
— SORBERB, to swallow, speak ing of liquids . Lac sorb et e . Plin. S o rb ere ovum. Id . Figura tively S orbe t e animo . Cic. Bjus odia non
sorbeo solum, sed etiam concoquo . Id .
1226. Hekere. Hebescere.
H EBERE, to be blunt. Num ferrum h ebet, aut dex tra to rp entLiv. Figuratively Sanguis gelidus h ebet. V i rg. Deleg
'
ataagrorumcura infirmissimo cuique, ipsi l1ebent . Tac. Corpus h ebet somno .Valer . FlaC.
— HEBESCERE, to grow blunt. Glad iorumaci es h ebescit.Col. Figura tively . Hebescit aci es auctor itatis , Cic . , Authoritygrowsweak . H ebescere et languere in otio . 1d .
1227. Helluo . Decoctor .
H ELLUO , a greedy eater, a glutton . Ille gurges atque h elluo natusabd omini suo . Cic. Figuratively H elluo patria , Cic. , A destroyerqf his country . H elluo librorum, Id . , A grea t and indefatigable reader.— DECOCTOR, (f rom d ecoquere ) a bankrupt, because bankruptciesa revery (yten the consequence of extravagant expenses in eating, drinking , &c. Bankrupts had a sep arate place in thepublic games . Illud
audacias tus : fuit, quod sed isti in quatuord ecim ordinibus, cumesset
lege Bosciad ecocto ribus cer tus locus constitutus. Cic.
1228. H erba. Fa num.
H ERBA , a h erb in general, any plant without a ster n, that puts outleaves, and is p roduced by the earth . Immemor h erbaevictor equus .
Virg. Et sulcis frumenti quaereret b erh am. Id . Nec oterat curassanare salubribus h erb is.T ib . Graminis h erba. V irg. (ENUM , hay,
f odder . a umcord um, Plin., Afl er-grass, or latter math . Fcenumh ab et in cornu
,H or ., He is a furious and misch ievousman . Hay was
fixed to the horns oj'
dangerous bulls , that peop le migh t secure th emselvesf rom being hurt. Figuratively : Grassum cum Catulus nuper
audisset, fmnum al i os aiebat Oportere esse . Cic.
1229 . Herbidus. Herbosas. Herbeus. Herbarius.
H ERBIDUS ,f tt ll of grass or h erbs. Herbidus locus. LivF -HER
Bosus , abundant in or productive of herbs. Ager l1erbosus . Ovi d.H ERBEUS , h erby , green li ke grass . Ocul i h erbei . Plaut.— H ERBAmus , concerning or belong ing to herbs. Ars h erbaria, Plin., Botany ,the science of s imples .
287
1230. Hens . H en.
H EUS , (vox vocantis et revocantis ) oh ! holla ! soho ! so there 'H eus G eta ! Ter. H eus ! ecquis h ic est j an itor
? Aper ite . Plaut
H EU, (vox ej ulantis et d olentis ) a las Heu p i etas h eu prisca fid es !Virg. Heu me mise ram, qui tuum animum ex an imo spectavimeoCic. Heumisero mih i ! nequeo quin fleam. Plaut.
1231 . Hiare. Hiscer e.
H IARE , to'
open, to chop . H iavit h umus multavasta et p rofunda.
Sall . In th is sense h iare s ignifies to yawn, to open the mouth wide.Emptorem inducere h iantem. H or . Hiare pabuli sui g rat ia. Plin .
Figuratively Mutila et h ian tia loqui, Cic., To talk w ithout connexi on.
H iante avaritia Verres, Id ., Verres of an insatiable avarice— H I S
CERE, (f rom h iar e ) to beg in to chop , to beg in to open themouth . Vix
pauca furent i subj icio , et raris turbatus vocibus h isco . Virg. Re
spondebis-me ad h aec, aut omnino h iscere aud ebis
? Cic.
1232. Hic. 1ste. I lle. Is.
H rc, th is, the one tha t is p resent, or that is one’
s own. Puer h icund é est ? Ter. Si tu h ic sis , aliter sentias, Id . , If you were inmyplace, you would a lter your op in ion.
— I s r 1~: (quas i is tuus ) rela tes tothe second person. Istos rastros dep one .Ter . Cur non aut isthaecmih ieetas, aut tib i h aec sententia Id ., t y have not I your age, or youmy sentiments H oceine agis ; aue nou Ego verb istad . Id ., Doyoupay a ttention to wha t I say to you, or not 2 Most assuredly , [ pay at
tention to what you say. Iste i s sometimes used as a word of co ntempt.Non et it ista modo amicit ia , sed mercatura. Cic. rela tes tothe th ird person, and th ings notyet ment ioned. H inc d e rh etoricadictas int, illa verc
‘
) d e ph iIOSOph 1a. Cic. Dum illumvide o pené sum factusill e . Id . Ille is a lso used to determine mor e forcibly . 1psa illa rerumh umanarum domina fortuna. Cic. The same may be sa id of the ad
verbs der ived from the above p ronouns .— l s is sa id of an absent person,
or th ing . Is est , an -non Ter . Fuit ol im qu idam senex mercatornavem is fregit apud And rum insulam. Id .
1 233. H ispanas. H ispaniensis .
H I SPAN US , a Span iard, one born in Spa in . Nec numero H ispanos,nec robo re Gallos, nec callid itate Poenos, nec ar tibus Graecos sup er avimus. Cic.
— H I SPAN IEN S I S , an inhabitant of Spa in, a lthough not
a na tive. H ispaniensis exercitus, Tac., speak ing cf the Roman armytha t was in Spa in. Martial, in oneof his p ref aces , has po inted out thedfi rencevery clearly . Non H ispaniensem l1brun1 mittamus, sed His
panum. Liber H ispaniensis is a Latin work composed in Spa in 5 andlibe r Hispanus is a book tha t does not partake of Roman elegance, butwritten in a bad Spiznish sty le.
1 234. H istoria . Annales. Fasti.
.
H I SZI‘
ORIA , (f rom iar opéw, to ma ke search in order to know ) h istory .
H1stor1a est testis temp orum, lux ver itatis , magistra vitae. Cic.
H 1stor1ane qui d fals i d icere audeat, ne qu idveri dicere non audeat.Id . H 1stor ia, bes ides the narration of facts, conta ins the cause andevents, with the description of p laces, men, and times.
- ANNALES,
(f rom annus ) is pr operly the rela tion of th ings that happenedfromone
year to another when it is opposed to h isto ria, i t s ignifi es a narrationwh erein thea uthor , rela ting ancientfacts , comes to no particula rs, andseems to imitate the conciseness Qf the old pontifical ch ron icles. I taque
non ex se rmone h 0minum recenti , sed ex annaliumvetustate eruendaest memoria nob ilitatis tuae . Cic. Res memoranda n ovis annalibusatque recent i h istoria. Juv. Erat en im h istoria n ih il aliud n is i aonalium confecti o . Cic. La tin auth or s have used these two words pr omiscuously L ivy calls h is history annales.
— FAST I , calendars whereinwere set down thef estivals of the Romans , the names of thei r ofi
‘icer s,their p leading days, and a ll the publ ic business they did th roughou t theyear . Posset agi neeme pauci quondam scieban t
,fastos en imvulgo
non h abebant. Cic. Ediscend os fastos p opulo p roposuit. Id . Fas
t orum n otare dies. Id .
1 285. Hazdus . Cap er. H ircus.
H CEDUS or Haanus , a kid . Sic canibus catal os s imiles, sic matribus h oed os n oram. Virg. Pascentes servabit Tityrus boados. Id .
—CAPER , a h e-goat, wh ether gelded or not. Vite cap er morsaBacch i mactatus ad aras d icitur ulto ris . Ovid . Cap er t ib i salvas et boedi .Virg. Vir gregis ipse cap er deerr averat. Id . It is a lso said qf thestink ing smell of the body , particula rly of the a r mp its . Tib i fer turvallesub alarum trux h ab iture cape r. Gatul.— Hmcus , the he goa t not
gelded . Immund us et lib idinosas h i rcus . Plaut. I t is sa id of a lecherous old f ellow. H ircus alius smpé p erd id it civem innocentem.
Plaut. I t a lso expresses the stink ing smell of the body . Gravis h irsutiscabat h i rcus in alis . H or . Pastill os Rufillus olet, G orgon ias h ircum. 1d .
1286. Homo . Vir .
H OMO , one if human k ind. I t includes both sexes. Durus h omo .C ic. Paucis p ost ann is ei mor iend um,
quon iam h omo nata fuerat.I d . H ominem p robiorem esse neminem. Id . H omines omni dedecore infames. Id . H omo is somet imes used to erp ress a brave man,a man of sense. Pugnasti , h omo es . Plaut. Sivis h omo esse , recip ete ad nos. Cic.
— V 1 11 , a male, a man . Maturavi ro filia. Cic. I tveryoften expresses a brave, sens ible, and deserving man . Prop os itamo rte
qui nih ild segnius Rempublicam d efend it, isvir vere putandus est.
Cic. It is ha rdly ever used in a bad sense . Vir b onus often occurs inCicero , and b onus h omo is employed by h im but once or twice . Hor acehas however sa id molles vi ri , and Cicero h imself ; obscurus vir et h umil is.
1237 . Honestas. Honestamentum.
H ons sr A s, honesty , p robity , honour . N ih il est in vitamagnOperé
eXpetendum, n isi laus et h onestas . Cic. Ubi est d ign itas , n is i ub i
h onestas Id . H onestas d ictorum atque factorum. 1 It is opposedto turpitud o . In officio co leado sita est h onestas omnis, et in negl igendo turp itud o . Cic.
— H ON ESTAMENTUM, an adorning , an embellishment. Nullo h onestamento eget vi rtus ipsa, et magnum sui, de ‘
cus est. Sen .
1238 . Honestare. Honorare.
H ONESTARE, to grace or to do credi t to one, to procure a great repu
tation to one. Aux 1t nomen p opul i Romani, imperiumque h onesta
1244. Horreum. Granariam. Camera .
HORREUM, a granary or store- house for corn . Illins immensaa rup
’
e rnat h or rea messes . Virg. H o rreum Campan i agri . Cic. It is
taken in a more genera l sense . Parcis d er ipere h o rre o amphOram?
H or . Conflagrarunt et bo rrea regia et armamentarium. Liv.- GRA
N AR‘IUM , a room of great extent , wher ein r ich peop le used to keep their
corn. Tri ticum condi Oportet in granaria subl imia . Varr .— Cu s1 ERA ,
a great ea rthen or wickervessel , i n wh ich poor people kept thei r sma llp rovision of corn. Cur tua p lus laudes cumeris granaria nostris
H er .
1245. Horr ibilis . Horrendus . Horr idus. Hor rificus. Horr ifer .
H o nmn tms , (f rom b orrera ) hor r ible, dreadful,f r ightful . Marsrut ilus et h or ribill s terris . Cic. H o r r ibil is formid o . Id . H orr ibilis
et incultavi ta. Id . H orr ibilivisu portenta sequuntur. Virg .— HOR
RENDUS , dire, terrible, j ormidable. Rab i es h orrenda. H or . Clamoresh o rrend i . Virg. H orrend zeque p roenl secreta Sibyllae, Id ., The r e
treat of af ormidable S ibyl . Concilium h or rendumDeo rum, Id .,has
the same meaning — H ORRIDUS , rough , rugged, uncult iva ted. Glacie
r iget h orrida barba. Virg. H orr id io r rusco . Id . Figuratively De
formis atque h orridus h omo . Cic . H o ir ib ilis and h or rendus wouldpresent another sens e. N ih il tam h orridum quod non excolatur . Cic.
I n rebus h or ridi s n itida orati o . Id . Poets use itf or h orr ibilis. Bellah orrida. Virg . H o rridus in j aculis. l d .
— H ORRI FICUS , (horr o remfaci ens ) tha t str i kes horror and d ismay . H orr ificum b ellum. Cic.
H or rificum leth am. Virg .— HORR I FER , (h or ro rem ferens ) that
causes horror. H or rifer Boreas . Ovid . Hor riferaevoces. Lucr .
1246. Hartar i . Suadere.
H ORTAR I , ( f rom bpm, to excite ) to exhort, to endeavour to induceone to , to excite . Ad pacem h ortar i non desino . Cic. S in, quod te
j am d inh ortor, ex ieris. Id . Ut te saepé per litteras h ortatus sum.
I d .— SUADERE, to advise by g iving reasons in order to persua de .
Pacem suadere . Cic. Haec quae sup rascripta sunt , eo sp ectant ut tel1or ter et suad eam ; reliqua sunt quaa p ertinent ad rOgand um. Id .
Suas i t ib i multis argumentis , sed p ersuadere non p otni . Id . H orta1nur impulsa ; suad emus argumentis. G . D .
1247. Hor tus. Horti . V illa .
H ORTUS , a ga rden, an orchard. I r r iguus h or tus. Hor . Pauperish orti custos. Virg. Epicur i h orti . Id . Ep icurus used to make disserta tians in h is ga rdens . The plura l of th is word is (fl ea underst ofa pleasure- house, a country-house, a house with the appendages necassaryf or purposes of relaxa tion and p
’easur e, such as wa lks, rows of
trees , gardens,gi
l
toves, and even a park . In h ortos ad ccenam ah quem
invitare . Cic. abes h ortos ad Tyberim, ac d iligenter eo loco p rae
parfisti , quO omnis juventus natand i causfi ven it. l d .— VILLA , a
manor- house out of a city or town ; a habitation, with a far m-house,and other accessar ies necessa ry to aeconomical purposes. Frumenta aut
in agris, aut in villis sunt. Cic. Qui ager villam non h abuit. Id.H oc ipso in loco cumanusviveret, et ant1quo more parva essetvilla,ut illa Curiana in Sabinis. Id .
99
1248. Hospes . Caupo. D iver sor .
H OSPES is af r iend who enterta ins hisf r iend ; i t is sa id of h imwhois enter ta ined, as well as of the enter tainer f— CAUPO is an innkeeper,one who p rovides str angers w ith lod g ing s for money . cum d uo quidamArcades ite r una facerent, et Megaramvenissent , alterum ad cau
p onem divertisse , ad h ospitem al terum, &c. &c. Cic. Non h ospes
ab h osp ite tutus. Ovi d .— D 1 VERSOR , a guest, a lodger . Caup o non
multap ost conclamavit h ominem esse occisum, et cum quibusdamdiversoribus illum qui ante ex ierat, consequitur . Cic.
1249 . Hosp italis. Hosp itus .
H O SPI T ALI S , he that receives his guests in a f riendly manner , anda t whose house guests ar e welcome. H eep italis in suos . C ic. H osp italis sedes . l d .
— HO SPI TUS seems to have the same mean ing ; but isonly found in poetry . Conjux h osp ita Teucris . Virg. H osp ita te rra .
I d . f igura tively H osp ita lustres aequora. V i rg.
1250. Hostia . Victima .
H ostibus adomitis H o sTIA n omen h ab et. Ovid — VI CT IMA qua:cecid it dextravictricevocatur . Id . Victimawas immolated only afl er
and by himwho had obta ined a victory over h is enemies . Ego enimte arbitror , ceesis apud Amal th eeam tuam victimis , statim esse ad
Sycionem oppugnandamp r ofectum.Cic. Any onemight immolate theh ostia. Multa tib i antearas nostra cadet b osua dextra. Virg. Ca s ish ostiis ad S celus perficiend um Dii placat i non p ossunt. Cic. Victimais generally sa id (J horned beasts ; and h ostia , of sheep or lambs. N olovictimas , agninis me d
’
extis p lacat i volo . Plaut. Th is difi'
erence is
well pointed out in Horace . Red dere victimas, aedemquevotivammemento ; nos h umilemferiemus aguam. A
’nd i n another place the same
author says , in opposition to grea t sacrifices, tha t a handful (y'
flour anda f ew gra ins of sa lt ar e more agreeable to the God s when th is worship isj o ined to innocence . Immun is aram si tetigit manus , non sumptuosabland ior h ostia lenibit aversos Penates farre p ic at sali ente mica.V ictima , in good authors , is never usedfigurat ively . G. D .
1251 . Humane. Humaniter . Humanitits .
H UMANE, humanely , or li ke a man . H umanefecisti. Cic. Morbostoleranter atque h umane ferunt. Id . Intervallavides h umane commoda, Hor ., You see a reasonable distance — H UMANI TER , courteously,as becomes a man. Facit h umaniter Licinius qui ad meven it. Cic.
N ih il fier i p otest h umanius. Id . Sin aliter accid er it, h umaniter feramus. l d .
— H UMAN ITUS , after thefashion (y‘
men, asmen are wont.S i qui dmih i h umanitus accid isset, multa autem impendere videbantur p ra ter naturam, p raeterque fatum, Cic., If I had chanced to die,&c. Adversa h umane feramus, utpote quae h umanitus accid unt ;h ospites h umaniter excipiamus. G. D.
1252. Humare. Sepelire. Tumulare.
H UMARE, (f rom h umus ) properly , to cover with earth . Corporibusm
.
terram cad entibus, iisque h umo tectis , ex quo dictum est h umari .Cic.
— Ser u ms , to bury , to lay in a grave . Non qui ur itur , sepeli
tur ; 8ed qui humatur . Cic. Quod nunc communiter in omnibusU 2
292
sepultis.
est, et humati dicantur , id erat p rop rium tune in 11s quosh umus i nj ecta contegeret . Id . Figura tively . to cause to bef orgotten ,to overwhelm. Sepelire d olorem. Cic. Sepultum bellum. Id . Se
pultavi rtus. H o r . Invadunt urbem s omn ovinoque sepultam. Virg.
-TUMULARE , (f rom tumulus ) properly to h eap up on the p lacewhere the body lies. Inj ecta tumulabo 1 te rra. Gatul . Nee conj ugis
unquam busta meaevid eam, neu sim tumuland us ab
1253. Humidas . Mad idus. Udas . Uvidus .
H UMIDUS , damp , moist. Ignem ex liguisvirid ibus atque humid isfieri j ussit . C ic. Nub ila h umid a. Virg .
— MAD IDUS , wet. Mad idéque
fluens in veste Menoetes. Virg . Ille fasciculus totus aquamad idusmih i red d itus est Cic .
— UDU S , (f rom vw, to ra in ) made mo ist,s la bby . Terra uda vi ret gramine . Ovid . Pomaria uda mobilibusr ivis. H or .
— UV IDUS i s sa id of a moistur ej it j or distilla tion G emmauvid a 1n palmite turget . Ovid . Uvidavestis , Plaut., A coat dr ipp ingwet
,whereas madidavestis is only a wet coa t.
1254. Humor. Sudor.
HUMOR , a.
humour, an aqueous substance, that wh ich pa rticipa tes ofthe nature of water . Humor Bacch i , Virg.
, W ine. Bibit h umoremtellus . Id . H umor et calor qui est infusus in corp ore . C ic. Naresh abent h umo rem. Id . Humor in genas furtim labitur . H on— SU
DOR ,’
swea t, the serous matter evacua ted a t the pores when one is in a
p ersp i ration . H erculis simulach rum multo sudore manavit . Cic.
N ec en im sangu is, nec sudor n is i a c orp ore fluit. Id . fi gurativelyStylus ille tuns mul ti sud or is est. Cic .
1255. Humus. Terra . Tel/us . Solurn .
HUMUS , earth , ground, land. H umo j acebat . Ph aad . Serpit h umi .H or . Humus graminea. O\’ld .
- TERR A, ( j r om terere ) the earth ,and a ll tha t it conta ins ; our element . Terra locata in mediamund isede . Cic . I t is sa id of a part of the earth . Dubitas , si h ie morariaequo animo non p otes , ab ire 1n aliquas terras . C ic. Domesticus nativusque alicuj us gent is ac terra sensus. Id . Quinque j acent terraa.Ovi d — TELLUS , the Goddess of the earth .
2Edes Tellur is. Cic . It is
sa id of the earth itself . Aret tellus succis ademptis . Virg . Tellusnon movetur . C ic .
— SOLUM , properly that wh ich susta ins or bears anyth ing on it Subtrah iturque solum, Virg . , speaking (J the sea , wh ichappears as if flying away/r am under the sh ips. Mih i calceamentumsolorum callum est . Cic. Astra tenent cce leste solum. Ovid . Et cc .
reale solum (a trencher of br ead pomis agrestibus‘
nugent. Virg . Vos ,
ma tte reg i ones, imploro , et so la ter rarumul timarum. C ic. I t sign ifiesthe earth i tsel the soil, and i s used i n th is sense mostly bypoets . Ferax
et fazcund um solum. Virg. Invertant p ingue solum fortes tauri . Id .
1256,
Hyberna . Hybernacula .
H YBERNA , (f rom hyems ) winter qua rters f or soldiers— cast1 a is
understood . Mi lites mense Januari o ex hybernis in exped itione.
evocat. Sall.— HYBERNACULA ,the tents wh ich soldiers inhabit i n
winter . Hybernacula et iam,res n ova, milit i Romano aedificar i
cmpta. Liv.
Ter . Jam repeated before every member of a sentence s ignifies, sometimes . Jamvin o qua rens , j am somn o fal lere curas . H on— JAM
JAM denotes more celer ity than j am. Dies noctesque cogitand um
j am-j am esse mor iend um, Cic., We ought to th ink day and n ight tha twe sha ll very soon die. —JAM NUNC , j ust now , th is minute, is sa id (ifthe p resent time. Eamus n unc j am intro
‘
. Ten— JAM PRIMUM , in
thefi rst p lace. Jam primum ad olescens Cat ilina multa infanda fece rat. Sall.— JAM TUM
, a t that time. Jam tum florente Republ icz
‘
i . Cic .— JAM I NDE
,ever s ince. Jam indeab Aristotele , Cic.,
Ever s ince the time of Ar istotle. Jam indeab ad olescentia, Fromh is young days .
1261 . Janitor. Portitor .
JANITOR , (f rom janua ) a porter , or keeper of a gate. Jan itor carceris. Cic. I t is sa id if a guard. Janitores ex e questri loco d ucenti,stipatores co rp oris. Cic. from p ortare ) a f erryman,a waterman. Orci po rtitor, Virg., Charon thef erryman Qf Hell. I tis without anyf oundation tha t Donatus will have h ere p ortitor Orciunderstood of h imwho guarded the entrance into the inf ernal reg ions .
Po rtito r is also sa id of the ofiicer in a port to whom a ll dut ies ar epa id.
Turpes sunt qua stus qui in odia bominum incurrunt, ut portitorumet fa neratorum. Cic.
1 262. l b} . Inib‘i . Ibidem.
IB I , th erein, in that place. Ibi perpotavit usque ad vesperam. Cic.
— INIB I , in thatvery p lace. Luxuries Annibalem Capua cor rup it,et sup erbia. nata in ibi esse ex Campano rum fastid i o videtur . Cic .
I B IDEM ,in the same place . Ib idem me opper iare velim. Cic. Quod
ib idem recte custod i re p oterunt, id ib idem custodiant . These th reea re adverbs imply ing no motion .
1263. Icere. Fer ire . Percutere. Verberare. Pulsare.
IGBRE , FERI RE , PERCUTERE, a r e so nearlyof the same s ignificat ion, that it appear s a diflicult task to imag ine the cases wherein th eymay not be used w i thout distinction If they however be closely consi
dered, th is delica te and cur ious d ifierence will bef ound. IGBRE, beinga der ivativefrom into . to come , to draw near , prop erly s ignifies, to reacha th ing with a blow. Telis ice re caput. Catul . Laurus fulmin e nonicitur. Plin.
— Fen i an, ( from ferre ) to make,a blow a t one. Ferire
securi. Ca s. Cornu ferit il le , caveto . Virg.— PERCUTERE, (f rom
p er and quatere ) to shake one with a blow. Fulmine p ercut i , C ic . ,
To be shaken by a thunder- bolt whereas fulmine ictus s ignifies onlybeing reach ed or s truck by the thunder- bolt. Percutere is more exp ress ive than the two f oregoing verbs : leviter ictus is more properly sa idthan levite r percussus . I amof op in ion tha t one migh t a lso say, withthe li ke prop riety , Quamquam ictus est ame sodalis , h unc tamen fer ire n olni . G. D . 7he same d ifierence isf ound in the figurative sens e.Des ideri is ieta fid elibus qua r it patria Ca sarem. H or . Minusmulta
p atent in corumvita, qua fortuna fer iat. Cic. Calamitate aliqufi
p e rcuti . l d .— VERBERARE
, (f romverber ) p roperly , to str ike with a
wand or rod. Qua cum apud te diceret, virgis ocul i verberabantur .
Cic. It is taken in a more general sense. Verbe rare urbem to rment is. Cic. Ungula sonante urbem verberat equus . Hor . Ictibus
295
aurasverberat. V i rg. Figuratively Aures sermonibus verberata .
Tac. Verberare inj uria. Cic. Verberavi te cogitati onis tacito d untaxat convicio . Id .
- PULSARE, ( fr equenla tive of p ello ) to beat,‘
topush on with violence. Pulsare terram p edibus. Hor . V id etis pendere ali os ex arb ore , pulsar i autem ali os et verberar i. Cic . Sex lictores ci rcumstant valentissimi, ad pulsand osverberand osque h omines exercitatissimi. Id . Figura tively : Corda pavor pulsans. Vi rg .
Pulsare , says Popma , veh ementi et crebro ictu tund ere, ut fit, calc ibus, pugn is, sax is : verberare , ca dere verber ibus, aut infi igere
p lagas, quod fit manu, vi rga, fuste , fiagello .
1 264. Id tempor is . Per id tempus.
ID TEMPOR I S , in such a c ircumstance. Veni t ad me, et quidem idtempor is , ut retinend us esset . Cic . Ut p urgaret se qubd id temp orisvenisset. Liv. —PER ID TEMPUS , at that time. Per id tempusfereCa saris exercitui res accid it mirabi lis aud itu. Cic.
1265. ld iotes. Rudis .
ID IOTES and ID IOTA, (f rom ibi og) i d iotic, an i ll iterate o r s implep erson. One is i di otes f romwant Qf knowledge. Tu erud itior quamPis o . ea contemnis qua illi idi ota , ut tu appellas, p ra clara (lux
e runt. Cic. Id iotam opponit b omin i ingen i oso et intell igenti . Id .
— Rums , rough , unwrough t, ,unpolished . Rudis ind igestaque mo les.
Ovid . Ille rudem modis et cortice dur o intorquet h astam,Virg. ,
He darts a t h im a j avelin the stafi'
of wh ich had notyet been clea red ofits
'
knobs and rind . Rud ls campus, Id . , An uncu ltivatedfi eld . Lana
rudes, Ovid . , Unwrough t wool. Figura tively Unexp erienced, ignorant. Ad bella rudis. Liv. Belli rudis . H o r. Pariter et erud itumvulgus et rude in eam sentinamvad it. Flin . Ingen ium rude, A roughand uncultiva ted mind.
1266 . Ign is . Flamma .
IGN I S , fi r e, the warm/element. Ign is omn ibus rebus vitalem imp et ti t calo rem. Cic.
— FLAMMA , (f rom (ch ip/w, to burn ) a f lame, the
most luminous and subtile part o/fi r e, that r ises above the burn ingma tter . Quod astr orum ign is et a th eris fiamma consumat. Cic. A ll
j ire does not p roduce fl ame. There is the same (Igflerence in the figur a tive sense Et ca co carp itur ign i.Virg. cam odium non rest in
gueretis, h uic ordin i ignem n ovum subyci non sivistis. Cic. Flamma
invidia . Id . Amor is turpissimi flammaflagrare. Id . De flammaj udici i se eripere . Id . Flemma gula , Ovid . , A ravenous appetite.Ignis is the ca use, and flamma the eflect.
1267. fgnominia . Infamia . Dedecus . Opprobr iuin . Probrum.
IGNOM IN IA , ( sine n omine ) properly , a mark of d isgr ace prefixed bef ore a man
’
s name by the censor . Omnis j ud icat lo censon s versaturtantummod c
‘
) in n omine ; animadver sio igitur illa ignominia dictaest . Cic. It is taken in a more general sense ignominy , disgrace. De
decore , maculfi, turp issimaque ignominianotetur . Cic.— INFAM IA ,
( sine fama) inf am disrepute . Efi'
ugere infamiamc rudelitatis. Cic.
Intactus infamiii . iv. Ign ominia, say the Grammarians, imponiturab co qui p otest an imadversi one notare ; infamia ex multoru
m ser
996
mone nascitur .—DEDECUS , (s ine decore ) dishonour. Quod priva
tarum rerum ded ecus non h a ret infamia . Cic. Cum 1gnomin1a et
d ed ecore mori . 1d . Dedeco1 um pretiosus emp tor. H o l .— OFFRO
BE IUM, (fr o 'n ob and p robrum) reproach , a taunt. Fugere Oppro
b ria culpa . H or . Falsis oppr ob riis mor d er i. Id . Magnum paup eries opprobrium.
— P11 0 BRUM , a dishonest act, any h einous or detestable action . Arguere aliquem p robr i. Cic. Probri insimulavit uxo rem. Plaut. In th is sense it is the~cause and opp rob rium the effect.Ingerere p rob ra alieni . Liv. Tuum scelus meum p robrum putas
esse Oportere, Cic.,
'
ou th ink Imust be disgraced byyour villany .
1268 . lgnoratio . Ignorantia .
IGNORAT I O , (non n osse ) the act of not knowing . it is a lways usedin an active s ignifica tion . Qui aliquand iu p ropter ignorationem sti rp is et generis in famulatu fuerunt . Cic. Ign orati o JUTIS . Id .
— IG
N ORAN T IA is used both i n an active and a pass ive significa t ion. Res
frumentaria ad M. Scamum per ign o rantiam t ranslata. Cic. Igno~
raut ia litterarum. Id . Ignorantia veri . Ovid .— IGNORAT I O , accord
ing to Grammar ians i s what one does not know, nor can know by h is
own resources and 1gnorantia is sa id of a th ing wh ich one can or ough tto know, but wh ich h is wilful error or negligence makes h im ignoran tQfi One may c
’oak ign orati o under a p retence but the same cannotbe done in respect to iguorantia. Ignoran tia pra tend i non p o test .Quint. Authors seem to have often used l ath in the same sense.
1269 . Ignotus . Incogn itas.
IGNOTUS , (non natus ) unknown, th at does not know . Ignotus invulgus . Cic. Igno tus h omo . Plaut . Ignoto s fallit, not is est derisui . Ph a d . Ignotis n ota faciebant , Cic. , They exp
’a ined those things
to peop le who we re ignorant of th em. unknown , un
h eard «n. Ne incogn ita p ro cognitis h abeamus. C ic.
1270. Illabora tus. Inelabor atus.
ILLABORATUS , (non labo ratus ) done without labour or pa ins.
H a c omn ia, qua v1x singula quisquam intent iss ima cura consequi
p osset, fluunt illaborata, et illa orati o p ra se fert tamen felicissimamfacilitatem, Quint. , speaking (f Cicero. Ciceron is sermone cumn ih il sit cultius , fluit tamemillaboratus . Id . Illab orata terra , SenAn uncultivated land - 1 1\ELABORATUS , (non e lab0 1 ai ns ) neglected ,tha t has no pa ins ta ken about i t, not polished . S implex et inelabo
rata orat i o . Quint. Illaboratus is not always a dej ect , but inelaboratus is one.
127 1 . Illacrymabilis . Immiser icors . Immiserabilis .
ILLACRYMABILI S , (s ine lac1ymis ) not to l e moved w i th tears un
lamented. Pluto illacrymab ilis . H or . Sed omnes illacrymabilesurgentin . Id .
- 1MM I S ER ICORS (sine misericordia ) unmerciful, pit iless . Ipsum immiser icordem, sup erbum fuisse . Cic .
— IMM I SERA
not deserving compassion, unp itied . Si non per iret immiserab i lis cap tiva pubes. Hor .
1 272. Illaquea re. Illigar e. Irr etire. Implicare . Impedi re . Praepedire.
I LLAQUEARE, (from laqueus ) properly , to catch in a net. It is
99 8
1275. Imber. Pluvia .
IMBER , a heavy shower of ra in tha t does not last lonm— PLUVIA isan adj ective. Aqua pluvia : it is used substant ively . f enues
i
pluvia .
Virg. It is a gentle ra in , and of long dura tion . Sed veh emeus imberfit, ubiveh emente r utr inque nubi la vi cumulata premuntur , et im ~
p ete vent i ; at retinere d iu pluviae, longumque morari cousué runt .Luc. Imb er is also used by poets to express a torrent cf tears . Indignoteneras imbre rigante genas. Ovid .
1276 Imbuer e. I rgficere . Infuscar e.
IMBUERE, to moisten with a liquor , so that the pa rt made wet maybe penetra ted th rough . Quo semel est imbuta reccos servabit odoremtesta d iu. H or . Imbuta App ia via sanguine latron is. Cic. Figu
ra tively Imbuere glad ium scelere. Cic. Parentum pm cep tis imbut i. Id . Quibus i lle stud iis ab ineunte aetate se imbuerat . Id .
INFICERE, (facere in) to dye, to colour. Glad ios inficere sangu ine .H or . Co rtex nucis inficitm auus. Ovid . Luxu et pereg r inis in
fecti mo ribus. Liv. Deliciis, o tio , languore , desidiaanimum inficere . Cic. I t is always taken in a bad sense . Inficere p rwceptis wouldbe an imp roper expression . It is a lso used in the sense of non factus inthe participle . Factum est illud , fier i infecturn non po test. Plaut.Re infecta ab i erunt . Liv. Infectum argentum, Id . , Bull ion — IN
EUSCARE, ( from in , and fuscus d a rk) to ma ke black or dark, to sta in.
DIaculis infuscet vellera pullis. Virg . Figuratively l is, quos‘
non
aligna barbari es domestica infuscaverat , recte loquebantur , Cic.,
They spoke very well to those whose manner tf exp ression had not beencorrup ted by the ba rba rity of their country . Amanda est vicini tas noninfuscata malevolentia. Id .
1 277: Immensus. Infi nitus . Interminatus.
IMMEN SUS , (non mensus ) immense, vast, is sa id of extent in anysense. Immensus campus . C ic. Immensurn mare . Id . Immensascuta, Tac., Very la rge sh ields . Vorago vitiorum immensa . Cic .
Immensaa glories cup id itas. l d .— INmmr US , (non finis ) infin ite, is
said cy“ length or duration . Infin ite?altitudine Spe lunca. C ic. 1m
rnensa would g ive another mean ing . Infinitum tempus ze tatis. Id .
Lab or rerum forensium infinitus. Id. Infinitaequaes t i ones Id ., Gene
r al and indefi n ite questions, the app l ication of wh ich is inaeter rnina te.
Infin itee pecuniae, Id . , Vast sums if money .— INT £ RM I NATUS , (non
t erminus ) that has no bound nor end . lmmensa et interminata inomn es part es magn i tudo regionum. Cic . l n termi natus also s ign ifi es
forbidden, th rea tened ; in wh ich case it orig ina tes f romminari . Gibusinterminatus, H or ., Food the use of wh ich has been f orbidden withthreats . lnterminatus sum ne faceres ? Ter.
1278 . Imminer e. ImpendEre. (2d conj ug. )IMMINERE, (f rom in, and the obsolete minere ) to incline or lean
downwards.— IMPEN D ERE, (pendere in )¢ lo hang over , to impend. In
order to know the d ifi'
er ence, it must be observed tha t impend eo is onlysa id of wha t is hang ing, or consid ered as such , and immiuere ,
in.
i ts
p rop er sense, expresses declivity and figura tively , to h ave a des
égn
up on one, to wa tch an opportunity of ca tch ing a th ing . Imp en et
apud inferos saxum Tantalo ob scelera. Cic. Impend et t ibi malum.
299
Id . Impend et belli t imor. Id . Invidiae tempestas quanta nob is im
pend et ! Id. Imminet h is aer . Ovid . Imminebant in fo rtunas nostras . Cic. Duo reges imminent Asian . Id . Impend ent would not bea llowable. Impend ebat d irep tio , imminebat tuus furor omn iumfortunis. Id . Mars p rop ter incertos casus quot id ie imminet. Id . Imminebat in occasionem opp r imend i ducis. Liv.
1279 . Immundus. Sparens. Obscoenus. Impuras.
IMMUNDUS , (non mundus ) slovenly , sluttish , nasty . H umus eratimmunda. Cic. Sues immund i. H o r . Faemina neglecta, immundai lluvi e . Ter . Figurative/y : Immund a pauper ies. H or .
— SPURCUS ,spuere) disgustful, nauseous, f righ tf ul, f orbidd i ng . Samn is
spurcus h omo , vita illad ignus locoque. Cic. Figuratively Jactati
temp estate spurcissima. Cic.— OBSCGZNUS , (from ob , and coenum,
or , according to others, from canere ) obscene , or inausp icious . Can
tare obscaana. Ovid. Obscoeni sermones. H or . Obscoenaevoluptates.
Cic. Obscoenaevolucres . Virg. Obscoenum et funestum omen. Varr .
Immund i contagionem semper fugiam ; spurci vel aspectum aegré
ferem, ; obscaem gestus et voces abominor . G. D .— IMPURUS , (non
purus) impure, unclean, defiled , is sa id of any d efilement, especially ofa n interior one. Ad olescens omn i lib id ine impurus . Cic. Omnes adulteri, omnes impuri. Id . H ostia imp ura. Ovid .
1 280. Immutabilis . Immutatus.
IMMUTAB ILI S , (non mutat e) immutable, unchangeable. Immutab ilis ae tern itas . Cic.
— IMMUTATUS,unchanged . Ch remes i d muta
vit, quon iamme immutatumvide t. Ter. I t a lso s ignifies changed.Converéis rebus, ac b onorumvo luntatibus immutatis . Cic.
1281 . Immutatio . Immutabilitas.
IMMUTAT IO , an immuta tion , a chang ing. Negat mutari p osse musicas leges sine immutatione legum publ icaram. Cic.
— IMMUTA BI
L ITAS , immutabil ity , an unchangeable state. In factis immutabilitasapparet, in futuris non i tem. Cic .
1 282. Impatiens. Intolerans.
IMPATI ENS , (non pati ens ) tha t cannot suf er .- INT 0 LERAN S , that
cannot endure. Impati ens is the efi'
ect of the will, and intolerans the
efi iect of courage . Mollis et impatiens labor is, Ovid., An afierninate‘
man, an enemy to work. Intolerantissima labor is corpora, Liv., Un‘
able to bea r work . Impat i ens frigoris is one whof ears and avoids cold.
Intolerans frigoris is onewh o is incommoded by cold. Impat iens is ofvery extensive use. Drusus impatiens azmuli. Tac. Impat i ens i ree ,Ovi d. , I/Vho has no command of h is pass ion . Terra arbo rum impat iens, Suet. , A ground unfitf or the growth of trees. Vinum impati ensvetustatis. Plin lV ine that will not keep. Tacitus has used intolerans in a pass ive sense. Intolerantior .victis servitus.
1283. Impedimentum. Obstaculum. Diflicultas.IMPED IMENTUM , (f rom imp ed ire ) an impediment or h indrance .
Infert e moram et imp edimentum al ien i . Cic. Natures imp edimentasuperavit Demosth en es. Td .
— OBSTACULUM, ( from ob and stare )an obstacle, that wh ich stands in the way and p revents our going on .
Commeat'
um volui argentarium p roficisci, ibi Opp ido opp osita oh
stacula. Plaut .— D IFF ICULTA S , d ifliculty, especia l ly in one
’
s afi airs.
Ea res h abet mul tum d ifiicultatis . Cic. Prop ter magnitud inem te
rum ac d ifficultatem. ld . Imp edimenta superantur , obstacula dimoventur , solvuntur diflicultates . G . D
1284 . Impedimenta . Sarcina .
IMPED IMENTA , synonymous with sarcina , is sa id of the carriages,and bag and baggage of an a rmy . Ad Cir tham opp idum i ter cons tituunt, quad ibi Q . Me tellus p raadam, capt ives, et imp ed imentalocaverat . Sall.— SARC INA (f rom sarcire ) is p roperly a f a rdel, a
bundle sewed up . Sarcina , says Doletus, utensilium est, et corumqua?ad cultum, ad o rnatum, et ad caeterum serumusum p ertinent, fas cis,ut ita d icam, quem quis in i tinere faciend o comp ortare possit. Re
]icttf: s ine hmred e sarcinze . Quint . It is particula rly sa id of the loadthat sold i ers were obl iged to carry on their backs. Sub sarcinis ad o
ri ri milites , Id To a ttack the soldiers when loaded with the ir baggage.Ut cum Romana acies egressa é p ort is iret , imped imenta corum, ac
sarcinas d ir iperent. Liv. Figura tively Sarc ina h eec an imo non sed et
aptameo. Ovid. Sarcinam ‘
alicui imp onere , Plaut., To cheat one.
1 985. lmperator ius. Imper iosas .
IMPERATOR IUS , of or belong ing to a general . Imp eratoria laus.
C ic. Imperator iumJus . Id .—IMPER IO SUS , domineeri ng , a/
‘
great author ity, tha t bea rs a grea t sway , imp er ious. Imp eri osi p opuli , et regesi llustres . C ic. Imp eri osa d ictatura, Liv The Dicta torsh ip , which
g ives a grea t author i ty. Quisnam ig itur liber?sap i ens sibique im
per iosus , H or . , f l wise manwho knows how to command h imself . Tih erias imper iosus sus inte r mma p rmcipatus. Plin. Dura domina,imperi osa ,veh emens , cup id itas . Cic. Figura tively : .
lEquor imp erio sius , H o r . , A bo isterous and tempestuous sea .
1286. lmper ium. Regnum.
IMPER IUM includes the idea of a vast domin ion or terr itory , com
p osed of several na ti ons that obey the same master. Imp erium Roman um. C ic. Imperium As
s
yriorum. Just.— REGNUM , a k ingdom, im
p lies the un ity of the nation th at forms it. Regnum Bithyuiw. Cic.
We say Regnum Galliac, Regnum H ispanizr , because the divis ion ofthese countr ies into pr ovinces . ,d oes not p revent themf rom f orming butone people ; instead Qf wh i ch we say ImperiumGermanim, Imp eriumHuss i te , because we know the a iversity of people and nations tha t com
pose them.
1 28" I rn tier ium. Pr incipatus. D ominatus. Dominatio . Regnum.
IMPERIUM , such as we cons ider i t here, is sa id Qf the supreme powera nd authori ty . App ius tenebat non modo aucto r itatem, sed etiamimperium in suos. C ic . I t a lso s ignifies order command. Perculsa:
c ivitates imp erium acceperuut . L‘ Len ia imp eria . How—PRI N
C IPATUS , (primum caput ) thefi rst p lace, p rincipa l ity , pr e- eminenceof dignity. In ea civitate d e p r incipatu inte r se coutend ebant. Cats .
Principatum belli fe rre . Cic . Pr incipatum {actionis tenere . Cues.
D OM I N ATUS , sovereign power and administration. Cfim d ominatuunius omnia tenerentur . Cic. Potestate d ominatuque d ignissimus .
Leges, rem surdam, inexorabilem esse . Cic. Inexorab ilis judex. Id .
Inexorabilem se p rmbere. Liv.
129 1 . Implere. Exp ler e. Replere. Complere. Opplere.
Although theseverbs seem often used indiscr imina tely , they howeveradmit a/
‘
o p roper distinction . IMPLERE, is tofill wha t is quite empty .
Imp levitque mero pat eram. Virg. Figuratively Imp lere an imas su
p erstitione. Liv. to comp lete the fi lling up , or number.Ego me intus explevi pr obe. Plaut. Sperabat iis militibus eXplere
se numerum nautarum et remigum p oss e. C ic. Figura tively Cup id itates multa opera et impensaexp lere. Cic. Concilium exple t e ,Cms. , To accomplish or execute a design . Expiere, according to Servius, is also used to s ignify empty ing in pa rt or ent irely he exp la ins inth is meaning thef ollowing passage of l/i rg il Explebo numerum, reddarque tenebr is, I will shorten what I had to say. Lucretius has sa idin the same sense, Navibus exp lebant sese , terrasque repleban t.
COMPLERE , tofi ll up to the top , or with many th ings . Castra oppugnant,fossas comp lent. Cars. He c decantata erat fabula, sed complete
paginam volui . Cic. Uterumque armato mili te complent . Virg .
Figura tively Comp lere omn ia fi etu. Cass . C omplet e cuncta sono .Liv. Ut summammei p romissi compleam. Cic. Complevit annoscentum, Id . , He is comp letely a hundred years old .
— RBPLERE , tofillup aga in . Utvix exh austas domos replere possent. Cic. Consumptareplere. Id . Figuratively Littoravoce replet. Ovid. Gemitu tectum omne replebat. Virg.
— OPPLERE, tofill a surface all over . N ilusEgyp tum t otamstate obrutam et oppletam tenet. C ic. FigurativelyVetus h azc Op in i o applevit e ciam. Cic. Inane dolium implemus ;complemus usque ad summum ; qua: d esunt explemus ; replemusquod consumptum est et exh austum ; diluvium opplevit terram.
G . D.
1 292. Impor tunus. Molestas.
IMPORTUNU S , (sine p ortu ) p roperly , without a port it is onlyusedin afigurat ive sense never p leased, troublesome. Importunus et amensTyrannus . Cic. V ultus importuuus. Id . Pauper ies imp ortuna . H or .
Imp ortuna vo lucres. Virg.— MOLESTUS , (f rommoles ) overburden
ing . Onusmolestum. H or . Figurat ively Molestavita otiosorumC ic. Operosus et moles tus labor. Id .
1293. Imp r imere. Inur er e.
IMPRIMERE , (premere in ) to impr int, to impress, to set a mark .
Imprimere s ig illa annula . C ic. Vestigium in aliquo loco imp rimere .Id . Figuratively Imp rimere dedecus Reipublicar. Cic. In omn iuman imis Dei notitiam impressit natura. l d .
— INURERE, (ut et e in ) toburn in , to mark with a hot iron. Vitulis no tas et n omina gentis inurunt , Virg., They with a hot i ron mark their ca lves with a particula rmark and name in order to distinguish the breed. fi gura tively Fa ;
mam superb iaemurere. C ic. Proprium est i rat i cupere, aquo laesusvideatur, ci quammax imum d olorem inurere . Id .
1294 . Improbas . 1Wa lus . Pravus . Depr avatus.IMPROBUS , (non p robus ) dishonest. Improborum facta suspicio
insequitur . Cic. Imp robus h omo et perfid losus . Id . FigurativelyFortuua improba, Cic., A cruel j i tte. Divitimimp robm, Hor ., Ill
gotten r iches. Improbum testamen tum, Cic., A will made in a mannercontrary to law. Labor imp robus, Virg., An excessive work
, and obs
tinate/yma inta ined. Imp roba carmina, Ovid . , Licentiousverses .
IVIALUS , evil, bad by na ture. Ph ilosoph i quidam .min imemali ill iquidem, sed non satis acuti . C ic . Mala mens , malus an imus. Ter.Figura tively Mala amb itio , H o r A culpable ambition . Malum p ond us, Plaut ., Af a lse weigh t. Mala consue tudo . Hor . Malus militiae,Id Notfi tf or war .
— PRA VUS , ( in its p roper sense ) crooked, deformed.
Interesse Opo r tet, ut inter rectum et p ravum, sic interverum et fal
sum. Cic. Pravis fultummale talis . Hor . Jumenta p rava atqued efo rmia. Cas s. Eiguratively
'
vicious, erroneous . Prava ambitio .
H or . Pravissx'
ma consuetud inis regula. Cic.— DEPRAV ATUS , (f rom
p ravus ) properly , made crooked . Dep ravata crura. Varr . I t is usedby Cicero in thefigura tive sense only . Bestia : en im quamvis d epravataenon sint, p ravec tamem esse passout ; d epravatus est enim tantumanimi , quo bestiae carent , p ravus autem et corp oris et an imi est. Cic.
Depravatae op in i on es. Id . Depravat i mores. Id . Nolim quicquamagere cum imp rob o , quia fld e caret ; cummalo , quia p lerumquenocet ; cum p ravo , quod vix unquam recte sentiat, ad contortamment is et animi regulam p leraque revocans ; cum dep ravato , quddvitiatus in transversum agi consuever it. G. D .
1295. Improvisas . Inop inatus . I nsperatus.
IMPROV I S U S, ( nonvisus p ro ) unf oreseen . N ova res atque imp ro
visa nunmatur . Cic.— INOPI NA TUS , (non Op inatus ) unthought
exp ected . Imp rovisum et in0p inatum h oc illi accid it. C ic. Rep ent ina et inop inata graviora sunt. Id . We mayvery prop erly saySeepeb onis et sap ientibus viris accid it inop inata mors, non tameaimp rovisa. G. D .
- IN SPERA TUS , (non speratus ) that wh ich happ ensaga inst one
’
s hope, or expectation . Insperatae pecunim. Cic. It is
sa id of bad th ings . Insperatum nec Op inatum malum. Cic . Spesand sperare ar efound used in the same sense. Tantum p otn i sp erared olorem. Virg.
1296 . lmpudens. Inverecundas.
IMPUDEN S , (non pudere ) impud ent, braz en-faced. Ut cum im
pudens fuisset in facto , tun: impud entior vid eretur , si negaret. Cic.
‘
Qui verecund iae fines semel transier it, eum opor tet esse impudentem. I d . Impud ens mend acium. Id . Ad aud endum impud entiss imas. l d .
— IN V ERECUNDUS , (non s eres i ) wi thout reverence, that
pays no respect to any th ing . Inverecundum ingen ium. C ic. In
verecunda frons . Quint . Impud ens , impurus, inverecundissimus.
Plaut. H orace calls Bacchus inverecund us Deus, because a manmuch in liquor has no respect for any th ing , or any body . Impud enss ine pudore ag it, ct loquitur ; inverecund us, n ih il timide agit autl oquitur. G. D
1297. Impud icus. Incestas .
IMPUD ICUS , unchaste , lascivious. Mulieres impud icze . Cic. Im.
pud icus rela tes to manners.— INCES T US , (non castus ) in the best ou
cien t authors, has a rqfer ence to relig ion, aswell as castus, its oppos ite ;in wh ich sense castus has been used by V irg il, Casti sacerdo tes , r el igious priests and by Livy , caste
'
sacr ificium Dianae facere . An
tr1ste bidental moverit incestus. H or . It isvery properly used in the
sense qf immora l . Primo pellicere ad olescentem se rmone incestoconatus est. Cic.
1298 . Impulsia. Impulsus .
IMPULS IO , (pellere in ) impulsion ,the act of push ing or forcibly
moving . I t is only f ound in thefigura tive sense. Impulsio est qute
s ine cogita tione per quandam adectionem an imi facere al iquid hm:tatur ; ut amor , iracundia, a gr itud o , &c. Cic. Inductio et impulsioin h ilar itatem. l d .
— IMPULsus , the shock itself . Ets i non s ol l‘im im
pulsu scutorum, n eque conflictu co rp orum, & c. Cic . Impulsuilon is. Cws. Figura tively inst iga tion . Impulsu tuo fecit. Cic.
cnvxtas corum impulsa d eficeret. Ca s.
1299 . Imus. Inf erus . I rg/z'
mus.
Imus , (a termina t ion if the superlative deg ree, ) the lowest. Fundovolvuntur in imo . Virg . A vertice ad imos taJos . H or . Ima petunt p isces. Ovid .
- 1N FERUS , (f rom infra) lower , infer ior , f rom.
under. Ut omnia sup era ,infera , p i ima , ult imavid eremus. Cic. In
ferum mare . Id . A part of the Mediterranean sea,wh ich washes the
south ern part of Ita ly , ca lled mare inferum on account of i ts lying towa rds the south as the Adria t ic sea w a s ca lled superum mare , an ao
count qf i ts bei ng more in a western direction .— 1 N FIMUS , (superlative
of inferus , inferi or , ) benea th the lowest . Infima, summa. C 10 . Figuratively Infima fex p opuli . C ic. Infimis p recibus aux ilium imp et rare . Liv. Ego te esse infré infimos omnes puto . Ter .
1 300 . In integro. In integrum.
I N I NTEGRO , as it was (when there is no mot ion ) . Tib i in integrot ota res est, Cic., The whole of the business is j ust as it was you maydo what you please with it — 1N I N TEGRLM , as it was (when there ismotion ) . In integrum rest ituere, Cic.
,To restore to its j ormer state .
1 301 . In manu . Prce manu.
IN MANU, 271 one'
s hand (when there is no motion ) . C t‘
im pyxidemteneret in manu . Cic .
-Figur o tzvely in the power of, a t the disp osa lg
”
. Tib i in warmest me fiat , Ter ., I t is in your power to p revent it .— PR } E MANU, in hand, in one
'
s possession (wheth er there be motionor not) . H uic paululflm aliquid pree manibus d ederis, unde utatur .
Ter . Red d idi patri omne aurum, quod mih i fuit p rae man ibus ,Plaut . , I returned to myf ath er all the ready money I had . Inman ibus would have a d ifl
'
erent sense . [ returned all the money I hadin my hands .
1 302. In occulto . Ex occulto .
IN OCCULTO , (for the question ubi, ) in obscuri ty ,in a secret place.
Latebat in occulto . Cic. Prope in occulto stabant. l d .— Ex o c
CULTO , (f or the question und é , ) f rom'
a place byway of surpr ise.Cfimmult i bon i vir i ex occulto intervemssent. C lC .
1 303 . In prcesenti . In pr aesentic‘
t.
IN a s ex'm, ( temp ore understood , ) for the p resent. Haec ad te
in pr tesenti scr ipsi, ut speres te assequi id quod optas . Cic.— 1N
PRE S ENT IA , 1 . At th is present moment . Sp ero etiam in prfi entié
pacem nos h abere . Cic. Q. In presence of, bef ore. Periculum 111
p razsentié et ante oculos p ositum est. Cic.
INCIPERE and Cazmsse, to beg in. Ut incipiend i rati o fixerit, itas it d esinend i modus. Cic. Ut magis paeniteret ccep isse, quim liceretd es istere. l d .
— INCH OARE, to rou h -hew, to make the rough draught«n. Praeclaré multa inch oare, sed
7
non perficere. Cic. Inch oat e etinformare oratorem perfectum. Id . Neve indenavis inch oand ae coep issot exordium. l d .
— 0 3mm, properly, to make a sump , as weaversdo. Ord iri telam. Plin. Figuratively To begin or enter upon a wor kthat requi res much time . Pra texe modo quod orsus es . Cic. Tune
sic o rsa loqui vates. Virg. Ordi r i causana . Cic. Ut ord iar ab iai tic, et perd ucam ad finem. Id . Incip imus quodcumque face re aut
dicere volumus ; ordimur longumaliquid et artificiosum inch oamusr ude quidp iam componend um ac perficiendum. G. D.
1 310. Incipiens annus . Iniens annus .
INCIPIEN s ANNUS , the year which is beg inn ing. Incip i entevere.
Cic.— IN s s ANNUS , the current year . Januari o ineunte cura at
Homes sis. Cic. I t must also be observed that incip iens is said of anything that beg ins . Incip iente febricula. Cic. W hereas iniens is onlysa id of time. Ineuntis aetatis inscitia senum constituenda et regenda.
p rudentiei est. Cic. Ineunte febriculawould be a bad exp ression .
1 31 1 . Incitatio. Incitamenturn .
INC I 'I‘AT IO , (ciere in ) an incitation, the act of stirring up. Lan
guentis p opul i incitatio, et efi’renati moderatio . Cic.— INC ITAMEN
TUM , the incitement, the motive, the inducement. H oe max imum et
pericuiorum incitamentum et laborum. Cic. Incitamentum advincendurn . Liv. Incitatio would present a d if erent mean ing .
1 31 2. Ince ptio . Incwptum.
INCtEPT IO , the beg inning, the act of beg inn ing. Frecclari op e risince p tio. Cic.
— INcmP'
r UM , the th ing begun, the enterp rise itsel/Z Sicujus non modo factum, sed ince p tum, conatumve contra Rempublicarn depreh endero, senties. Cic. Ince p tionem would p resentanother sense.
1 313. Incogitans. Incogitatus . Incogitabilis .
INcooxr AN s , (non co
gitans ) though tless . Adeb-na te incogitan
tem atque impud entem, h ead ria, ui , &c. Tet .— INCOG ITATUS , tha t
does not th ink if a th ing , and has not been though t of. Petulans, ira
cundo animo , indomito , incogitato , sine mod o et modestia sum.
Plaut. Alacritas incogitata atque inj ussa. Sen .— INCOe AnxLxs,
incapable of reflection. Excors, ca cus , incogitabi1is. Plaut.
1 314. Incolumis. Salvus . Sonus. Sospes.
INcommrs, (quas i in columine ) out of reach , that has pr eserved allanlages. Cives integros incolumesque servavi . Cic. Inco lumes
genus, H or ., Cheeks that have lost nothing 0 thei rf reshness. Figur ativel V irtutern incolumem od imus , sub atam ex oculis que r imusiavi H o r . Incolumi cap ite es Id . , Areyou in your senses 9S ALV US , safe f romaccidents dangerous to l if e. Salvum te advenissegaudeo. Cic. Salve: et incq mes civitates. Id . Figuratively Salvé
3
fide. Cic. Salvo jure . l d .—'
SANUS , in a good state of bodyand mind .
Medicamento sanum fieri. Cic. H omo same ment is . I Figuratively Sana et salva Respublica. Cic. Sanum genus d icend i . Id .
Samus is opposed to eager ; salvus tomorti proximas.— Sosp ns , escaped
f romper ils . V ix una navis sospes ab igmbus. Hon.
Sosp i tes omnesHomam ad p r0pinquos restituit. Liv. Cursu sosp ite mutat e Lares,H or . , To have a prosperousvoyage in going f rom one country to an
other . Wemayp roperly say Salvus erat p lerumque Romanusmi lesab h ostibus captus ; non tamen incolumis, utpoté qu1 cap i te dumuntas esset ; nec sanas omnino, si leviter vulneratus decumberetat d emfim sospes in patriam red ibat, si receptus asuis, aut red emptus esset. G. D .
1 315. Inconcinnus.'
Incomp tus .
INCONC INNUS , (non concinnus , f rom cinnus, a curl of hair, and
cum) without any order, w ithout good grace. Asper itas agrestis etinconcinna. Cic. Qu i in aliquo genere inconcinnus aut,mutus est, .
is ineptus d icitur . l d .— INCOMPTUS , (non comptus ) properly ,
trimmed, uncombed. Caput incomptum. H or. Incomp ti cap illi. Id . ,
fi guratively : unpolished . O rati o incompta. Cic.
1316. Incond itus. Incompositus .
INCOND ITUS, (non d atus cum) out of r ank, ill put together, scatlered . Inconditi
_milites, Liv., Sold iers scattered about Incondi ta
co rp o ra, Id ., Unburied bodies. Incondi ta carmina, LIV ., Doggr'
el
verses. (non'
positus cum) discomposed, disordered.I ncompositum agmen. Liv. Figuratively . Pede incomposito dixient ret e versus . H or. Motus incompositi, V i rg. , speaking of dancing .
Tempanii orat i o incomposita fuisse d icitur . Liv.
1 317. Inconstantia . Levitas. Mututia. Mutabilitas. Mobilitas .
INCON STAN TIA,lSnon stare cum inconstancy . In max ima incon
stant iaversantur v gi op in i ones. ic.— LEV ITAS, levity, htness,
both in the natural and mora l sense. Volucr i levitate ferri . ucret.Levitas temeré assentientium. Cic. Constans in levitate fortuna. Id .
—Mur a'
r l o , a change, the act if chang ing . Opt imus est p ortus pmn itent i mutatio consd ii. Cic. Matati o loci. Id . Mutationes tem
p orum. l d .—MUTABI LITAS , mutability , susceptibility if change. In
c onstantia mutabilitasque mentis. Cic.— Momm'
r As, moveablenm ,
swiftness of motion. Lingueemobil itas. Cic. Figuratively Quid estinconstantia,
'
mobi1itate, levitate turpius ? Cic. Mobih tas fortunes.C. Nep . H omo inconstans does not long give his mind and qfi
‘
ectionto the same obj ect. H omo levis does notf eel a strong aflectionfor anything. H omo mutabilis is wavering from one object to another.
1 318 . Incorruptas. S inceras.Inconnvp jr us, incor rupt, whole and sound, both in the proper
in the figurative sense. Sp ina incorrupta. etiam in aquis durat. Plin.
Sanitas incorrupta. Cic. Incor ruptus testis. Id . Inco rrupta voxbenej ud icantium. Id . Incorrupta quaadamLatini sermonis integr itas .
l d .— SINCERUS , without mixture, unspotted. Sincerum n isi est vas,
quodculfifl
ue infundis acescit. Hor . Sinceraz gene . Ovid . FigurativeIy N est sanctum atque sincerum in civitate. Cic. Sincerafide
X 2
308
agerd. Id . S inceravoluptas. Ovi d. Prudens sincerumque judicium.
ClC. Pronunciator sincerus et grand is. Id .
131 9 . Increpara. Incr epitare.
‘Repr ehendere. Obj urgar e.
INCREPARE, properly , to make a no ise. Increpuére arma. Liv.Tuba terribilem sonitum increpuiti V i rg. Figuratively To chide orrep rimand severely . Cfim illius in me perfidiam increparet. Cic . Increpare probris . Liv. Maledi ctis increpabat omnes b onos. Sall .INCREPI ‘I ‘ARE, (f requentative of increpare ) denotes more activity inthe
‘
ch id ing, to rebuke sharply. H ostis amare , quid increpitas , mortemque minaris Virg. Figuratively lEstatem increp itans feram.
Virg .—Rs p nm z nnnnn, (preh end ere retro) p rop erly, to layhold if
and draw back . Cato quosdam repreh end it, vertitque in b ostem.
Liv. Figuratively To fi nd f ault with , to rep rimand, to p oint out af ault . S tudia ali ena repreh end ere. Hor . Discessummeum quas irep reh end ere , et subaccusarevoluisti. Cic.
— OBJURGARE,
j urgium) to repr ove either through pr ivate interest, or throughsh ip . Etmonendi smpé amici sunt, et obj urgandi . Cic. ObjM. l ium, sicut neminemunquam parens . Id . Increpare, seve ritatis etvehementize est objurgat e , auctoritatis et amicitiae ; reprebendere p rudentioris est. G. D.
1 320: Incurrere. Incursore.
IN CURRERE) (currere in ) to run in, upon, or aga inst. Czeco
'
im
petu in aliquem incurrere. Cic. In unam navimmul tae class es ar
mata: incurrerunt . Id . Figurat ively : In famam alicuj us incurrere,Cic. , To attack the reputation if somebody . Incurr it in voces malevolorum laurus n ostra, Id . ,
.Our tr iumph is exposed to the censure ifenvy . Ager in agrum incur r it, l d ., One field is included in anoth er
fi eld — INCURSARE, (f requentative of incurr ere) to run ofl en in, upon, ar aga ins t. Incursare agros h os tium, Liv., To overrun glen thelands of the enemy . Lumin is orbus rupibus incursat Polyph ernus .
Ovi d. Figuratively Incursare in fortunas omnium. Cic . Incursab it in te dolor meus, Id You will concern yourself in mysorrows.
1321 . Incutere. Iqfligere. Imp ingere.
INCUTERE, (quatere in ) to impress, or to strike up on or into . In
eutet e p edem ter raa, Quint ” To stamp on [be ground. Incutere Sci
p ionem in caput. Liv. Figuratively To put into one'
s mind and disturb it . Des ide rium urb is incute re . H or . Id metum p igr itiamqueincussit. Liv. Incutere religionem, Id ., To ra ise a scruple in themind. Incuter e negotium, Plaut. , To get one into trouble — INFUGERE, ( from in, and the obsolete fligo , to paste ) to lay on by str i king .
Infiigerevulnus. Cic. Manibus tollit cratera d uabus , infligitquevi ro . Ovid . Figur a tively Infligere turpitudinem sib i , Cic., To bri nginfamy upon one
'
s self — IMPxNGEnE, (pangere in ) to th row aga i nst,to touch with a blow. Huic calix mnlsi imp ingend us est , ut p lorared esinat. Cic. lEsopo quidam petulans lap idem impegerat. Ph ad.Figuratively : Episto lam alicui imp ingere , Cic . , To send one a d is
agr eeable letter. Secur im ligno , p rudenti metummontanus ; servoinfligimus alapam caput parieti impingit temulentus . G. D .
pus, quad dir imi d istrah ique non p otest. Cic. Atomi , id est, indivi dua co rp o ra. Id .
- Iamvxsus , undivided, uncloven. Ind ivisa: ungulae. Var r . Figuratively : Ind ivisus h onos. S il . Ital Ind ivisa potestas.State
— IND I SCRETO S, (f romnon cernere diversrm) indistinct.
l
S imill’i‘ma p roles indiscreta suis parentibus. Virg. Indiscretisvoci
us. ac.
1327. Indoles. Ingenium.
.INDOLES, a natura l disposition, relates to the qualities of the soul .Anmb al cum bac indole vir tutum ac vitiorum sub Asd rubale meruit. Liv. H orum in quolibet indoles eadem, qua: in Alexandroerat animi ingeniique. l d .
— INGENIUM , j udgement, sagacity , pene
fration . Ingen ium seepé , etiamsi industria non al itur ,valet tameni psum suis viribus . Cic. In enii aci es. Id . I t is sa id of one
’
s temper.Ingenium meum ita est. P aut. I t is also used to exp ress the natureof a th ing . Ingenium sol i. Plin . Ingen ium loci. Flor. In this senseOvid said , Ingeniosus age r ad fruges ; and Phcedrusvery nearly inthe same meaning says Cognitosque d entibus n ervos rodendo laxatmgema artuum.
1 328. Indomitus. Intractatus. Intractabilis.
Innom r ns, untamed — In r na cr a '
r ns , not broken in, as a horse.Equus ind omitus, Cic., A fi erce and fi ery horse, the approach towh ich is dan erans. Intractatus equus et n ovus, Id A horse that hasnot been bro in a t a r id ing school. Figura tively Indomitmcup id itates. Cic. Indomita et efl
'
rmnata lib id o . l d .— INTRACTABILI S ,
untractable, unmanageable. Genus intractabile b ell o . Virg. Figu
r atively : Bruma intractabilis , Virg., A severe winter. Animus intractabilis. Sen.
1 329 . Inducice . Paw. Pacificatio.
INDUC IZEN (perhaps from inducere, because cessatio armorum ia
d ucitur ) a truce, a cessationfromwar agreed upon f or a certa in time.Inducias annorum octo impetraverunt. Liv. Pax negata , ind ucimdates . l d .
— FAX, peace. N omen pacis dul ce, et res ipsa salutaris.
Cic. Facere pacem. Id . I t also exp resses pardon, permiss ion. Ab
Jove pacem etven iam p ete. Cic. Pace quod fiat tua, Ter., W ith
your permission .— PAC I FICAT IO , pur ification, accommoda tion . Nulla
sp es pacificationis est. Cic. Sapientius fecer is, si te in istam paci .ficationem non interp onas. Id .
1 330. Induere. Vestire.
INDURRE , (f rom e’vb
‘
bsw) to put on, to put into . Tunicam induere.
Cic. Soccis se ind uere. Id . Induere seveste . Plaut. S ib i vestemind uere. Ter. Figuratively : Induit se nux in florem. V i rg. In
duit frondes arb os. Ovi d. Pers onam judicis ind uere. Cic. Habessomnum imaginemmortis, eam quotidie induis. Id . Suaconfess ione induatur necesse est, Id He must be convicted by his own con
fession. Mih i cura mea et fides n omen induit patron i plebis . Liv.S ib i novum ingenium ind uere. Id . Induere h ost iles sp i ritus. Tac.
-VEST I RE, to clothe. Ali ab aliquo etvestir i . Cic. Vir tevestiat,tuvirum d espolies. Plaut. It is said of cover ing in general. Parietes tabulis vest ire. Cic. Montes vestiti sylvis. Liv. Terravestita
floribus, arboribus, frugibus. Cic. fi guratively Exquisitas sentent ias mollis et pellucensvestiebat orati o . Cic.
1 331 . Indulgentia . Obsequium.
I NDULGENTIA , indulgence, k indness and readiness in excusing and
f olIIgiving faults. Indulgentia patrum in liber os. Cic. Eafuit lngentii in suos, ut quos amare d ebuerat, irasci eis nefas d uceret.
C . Nep . Mollis illa educati o , quam indulgentiamvocamus , nervosomnes et corp oris et an imi frangit. Quint.— OB SEQUIUM , from ob
and sequi) readiness in comp lying, both in physical and mora matters.Flectitur Obsequi o curvatus ab arb ore ramus. Ovid . Antoniumpatientia et Obsequi o mitigavit. Cic. Obsequium erga Imperatoremexult, Tac., He refused to obey the emperor . Obsequi o gras sare. Hor .
Obsequium complies with , does not resist indulgentia excuses everything.
1 332. Industria . Labor.
INDUSTRIA, activity, application. Mih i in lab ore perferendo iad ustria non d eer it. Cic. Industria in agendo, celeritas in perficiendo.
l d .—LABOR
, labour,’
pa in, f atigue . Annales nostrorum laborum.
V irg. Ferre lab orem. Cic. Cujus erga me singularem benevolent iamvel in lab ore meo, vel in h onore perspexi . Id .
1 333. Industr ias. Navus . Labor iosus .
INDUSTRIUS , industrious, active at work . Industries h omin es illis tud iosos,vel potius doloris amantes app ellant ; nos commod ifis lab or iosos. Cic. Poé
’
tae bon i, et actores ind ustrii. l d .—Navus , punctual,
careful, that isveryf ond q“what he is doing. Imp erata navi fecerunt .
Sall. H omines navi et industrii partim in Asianego tiantur , part im,
&c. l d .— LABORIOSUS , (as synonymous with the oth er two) is a la
bor ious'
man taking pa ins to do h is work well. Vos lab ori osos ex istimet , quibus otiosis ne in commun i qui dem otio liceat esse . Cic.
Quid vitan ostra laboriosius Id . Industr ius sempe r aliquid agit ;navus strenué negotia exequitur, et constanti an imo contra omnesd ifiicultates obmti tur ; ille assid uitate, hi c fort itudine et tolerantiacommendatur . G. D .
1 334. l nedia . Jq’
unium. Jej unitas
I NED IA , (non edere ) want of victuals. Ined iaet purgationibusconsurni. Cic. Vigiliis et inedianecatos. l d .
—JEJUN IUM, fasting ,
abstinence f romvictuals. Jej unium instituere. Liv. Placare j ejuniaventris. Ovid — JEJUN ITAS is only used in afigurative sense, slenderness, barrenness. Gavenda est oratori j ej unitas et inop ia. Cic.
1335. Ineptiae. Nugae. Ncenice .
INEPTIJE, (non ap tus?ls illy th ings, impertinencies. Omnium
‘
in
eptiarum h aud sci o an u a sit maj or, quam quocunque loco, quoscunque inter h ominesvisum est, d e rebus dillicillimis aut non neces
sariis argutissimé disputare . Cic. Inepties p ene aniles. l d .— NUGZE,
properly ,verses in pra ise Qf deceased persons, sung bywomen h ired o
at
funerals to sing them before the corpse. Hae sunt non nugae, non enimmortualia. Plaut. Because theseverses were s illy and trifl ing, nugaeis commonly used to signify trifles, gew
‘
gaws. Delectari nugis. CIC.
3 12
Nesci o quid med itans nugarum. Hor .— NJEN IE , or Nam e, a fi ne
real song . Honoratorumvirorum laudes in conci one memorentur,
casque etiam ad cantus, et ad tibiam p rosequantur , cui n omen nee
n iae. Cic. I t is s aid of chi ld ren'
s p lays, of f oolish things . Puerorumng inia, qua? regnum
'
recté facientibus ofl'
ert. H o r . Leges -ne, quaaso ,
p otid s viles nmnias Ph a d ., IV ill you rather amuse yourself withr eading idle stories
1 336. Infamare. Dif amara.
INFAMARE, (non fam‘
a) to asperse, to make one lose h is reputat ion,to spread abroad someth ing aga inst one. Ut tuamod eratio et gravitasaliorum infamet injuriam. C ic. Infamare aliquem par r icid ii. Quint.Infamand ze re i causa j anuam obserar i jub et. Liv. - DIFFAMARE
,
diversim fama) to defame, to br and some one’
s reputation every where.ifiamatum ad ulterium. Ovid . A Ne rone probroso carmine d idamatus, contumelias ultum ihat. Tac .
1337 . Infandas . Nefandas .
INFANDUS , so strange, so cruel, so heinous , so abominable, as not to
be exp ressed. Infand um, regina, j ub es renovate d olorem. Virg . Res
infanda et crud elis. Cic. Tam infandum fac inas ne aud ivi quidem.
Ten— NEFANDUS , so imp ious, so base, as not to be spoken or namedwithout h orror. Nefandas implies the idea Qf a cr ime, which infand usdoes not always necessar i ly do . Arma nefanda. Cic. Domus nefanda. Ovid.
1 338 . Infans . Puer .
INFANS , (non fans ) not able to speak , is sa id of an infant : it isp roperly an adj ective . Infant ium pueror um incunabula. Cic. Iste
infant i pup illae fortunas patrias ademit. Id . It is sa id if beasts. Quad ruped es infantes suos cognoscunt . Plin.
— PUER is used for a chi ld
up to twelve years of age. Ut p rimam excessit ex pue ris . Cic. Pueri
regil, Liv., The young princes. It is sa id of a servant. Eunti mih iAntiumvenit obviam puer tuns. Cic.
1 339 . Inf ans. Mutus. Elinguzs. Infacundus .
INFANS , (non fans ) not able or daring to speak. S i infantes puari ,si mutas etiambest imloquuntur . Cic. Omnium infaptissimusviderer .
l d. Figuratively Pudor infans . H or . Infans h istoria . Cic.— MUTUS ,
mute, dumb. Mutum esse satii‘
i s est, quam quod nemo intelligat dicere. C ic. Mutum pecus. Virg. Figuratively : Muta h istoria. Cic .
Mute artes p ictures d icuntur . l d . Mutum a litteris tempus. Id .
ELI NCU I S , properly , tha t has no tongue ; and figura tively , that doesnot know wha t to say. Convicit et elinguem red d id it. Cic. Mutus
cannot sp ea k by nature, but elinguis can .
— 1NFACUNDUS , (non facund us ) ineloquent, rude in speech . Vir acer nec infacuudus. Liv. In
facundior , et linguiz impromp tus. Id .
1 340 . Infensus. Inf estas.
INFENSUS , that is transported aga inst one by violence, passion, and
hatred . Infenso atque inimico animo ire in aliquem. Cic. In'
fensus ser
vat.Ter . Ft uratively: Infensavaletud o ,Tac., A bad sta te (y‘
health .
In r nsrvs , fnon festus )very troublesome,vexatious , spitd ul. Lett onesinfesti. Cic. Vir acer et infestus p otentise nobilita tis . Sall . Bellum
3 14
infiatio . Inflatus tibiarum Cic; Inflatum recipiunt aures .
ratively Aliquo instinctu mfiatuque divin o futura p ra nan
1346 . Inf ormare. Insti tuere. Instruere.
INFORMARE , (fi omforma ) tof orn , to shape, to ashian. H is in
formatammanibus, j am parte p olite, fulmen erat. srg. IngentemClypeum informant. Id . Figuratively Deum ne conj ecturaquideminformare p ossumus. Cic . Quibus artibus aetas puer ilis ad h uman itatem informat i solet. l d .
— INST ITUERE, (statuere in ) properly , toesta b lish, to j bund . Civi tates instituere, et l eges scribere. Cic. Figu
r atively: to enable , to tra in or bring up, to teach . Rudem ad d icenduminstituere. Cic. Gra cie litteris instituere. Id. S ib i instituere amicos,Id ., Togetf r iends .
— 1N STRUERE, (f romstra es ) topr ovid e, tofurnish,to supply with th ings necessary or ornamental. Emit h ort os et emitinstructos . Cic. Instruere agr os.Liv., To p rovide fi elds with whatis necessary f or their cultivation. Instruere of itself does not signy
'
y to
instruct, unless it bej oined to doctrina, d ocumentis , or such like. In
straete ar tibus ingenuis. Cic. Instruere consiliis id oneis ad agen
d um. Id . mien Cicero says, Senectus ad olescentulos d ocet, insti
tuit , ad omne oflicii munus instruit, instruit does not the ia
structing, but thefashioning or tra ining up of young men ones.
1 3437. I nf ormatio . Conformatio.
INFORMAT IO , p rop erly , a sketch , orfi rst draught of a thing . It is
only used in afigurative sense, an idea , a notion traced on themind cutecedently to instruct ion. Un ius verb i imagine totias sententia sa pé
fi t informatio . Cic. H abemus in an imo insitam informationem Dei.l d .— CONFORMA T IO , the conf ormation, or dispos ition of the par ts (f a
th ing . Conformatio quazdam et figura totias o ris et co rp oris. Cic.
Compositio membrorum et conformatio lineamentorum. Id . Figu
r atively Altera pars h onestatis cernitur in conformatione et m e
rati one continentxe et temperantiae. Cic. Omamenta et conformationes sententiarum, Id ., The beautiful pr oportions of sentences.
1 348 . Infundere. Inverger e.
INFUNDERB, (fundere in ) to p our into or over . Infundere invas .
C ic. Larges h umeris infundere ro res . Vi rg. fi guratively .
Vstia
in civitatem infund ere . Cic.— INV ERGERE, (vergere i n ) to i ncline to.
wards . Invergere expresses the act of a man incl in ing h isvto pour someth ing out Qf it. Frontique mvergi t Vina sacerdos. Virg.
Tum super invergeus tep id i carch esia lactls. H or .
1 349 . Ingenuus. Liber . Liberali s.
INGENUUS , a manfi ee born, 0good extraction. An Rommunquam
fand o audi stis, Patrici os p rim?) actos, non de cmlo d emi ssos, sed
qui patrem ciere possent , i d est, n ih il ultraquam i ngenuos i.
J Liv.Figuratively Ingenuae et h umana? artes. C lC.
.
— Ll BER, thatx
zsf ree,that is not a slave. Omnes p rofectd l iberi lubentrfis sumas, quam ser
vimus. Plaut . In another sense . Lib er ad elictis, Cic., Void Qf orexemptedf rom crimes. Ad olescentia liberior , Id . , Bold youth. Rania
vagantes liberis paludibus, Ph a d ., in thei r open marshes— L i neu
LI S , synonymous wi th the twof oregoing words , signifies wart hy pf 41
free-man. Liberalis facies, l iberale ingenium. Ter . Liberal is et d igna
3 15‘
h omine n ob ili doctr ina. Cic. Liberales d octrina atque ingenuee. Id.
H omo liberaliter educatus. Cic.
1 350. Ingredi . I ntrare. Introire.
Although these three verbs seem to beMen ind ifi'
er en
stinction may, however, be po inted out between them. INGRED I, (gra
d i or in ) to goforward in order to get in — IN TRARB, topass the th reshold of a door 5— INTRO IRE, to enter, to get with in a place. C l
‘
im j am
pontem ingredi inciperent. Cic. Both intrare and introire would be
impr oper . Portus intramus amicos. Virg. Tu illam d omum ingred iausus es ? Tu illud l imen intrare , Cic., Thou hadst the impudenceto appear bef ore tha t door and to get over that th reshold. Introire
.
in
urbem. Cic. An tu illavestibula cum aspexisti, d omum tuam te in
t roire putes? Id . Ingredi exp resses a lso, to walk, to go. S i stas, in
gredere si ingrederis , curre . Cic. The same difl‘
erence isf ound in thefi gurative sense In spem Reipublicaz recuperandae ingred i. Cic. Ia
trandumest in rerum naturam. Id . Introire invitam. Id .
1 351 . Ingruere. Incumbere.
INGRUERE, fromzxpéw, pulso , intus p ello ) to invade,
'
to set uponwithviolence. Ingrui t neas Ital is, et p raeliamiscet.Virg. In agrestesmorb i ingr uerant .Liv. Ingruens p e riculum. l d .
— INCUMBERE, (cubare in ) to lean or lie upon, to rest upon. In glad ium incumb it. Cic.
Incubui tque to ro . Virg. Incumbunt tecta columnis. Mart. Figuratively Incumb it in ej us perniciem, Cic. , He seeks an opportunity ofruining the man. V olunt idem omnes ordines, eodem incumbantmun icxpia, Id ., The municipal towns aimat the same end . I t is impr o
per to say illud mih i incumb it faciendum but incumbo illi rei faciend ie , or in illam remfaciendam,must be used. Ingruit al iqu id repetitumet mult ip lex grave quidp iam ac t otum simul incumb it. G. D.
1 352. Inhospitalis . Inhospitus.
INH OSPITALI S , (non h ospes ) un inhabitable. Inh osp italis CaucasusH or .
— INHOSPI TUS , uninhabited, inhosp itable . Inh osp ita. Syrtis.V irg.
Inh osPita tecta Tyrann i ingred ior . Ovid.
1 353. Inhumane. l nhumaniter .
INHUMANE, inhumanely . Si quid ab h omine ad nullam partemutil i , utilitatis tuae causad etraxer is, inhumanefeceris, contraque nature legem. Cic.
— INHUMAN I TER, unmannerly . Non p ossum scrib ere me miratum esse illum tam inh umaniter fecisse, ut s in e me is litteris ad te proficisceretur . Cic. I t is also used in the sense «yinbumane.
1 354. Initium. Initia . Principium. Principia. Exordium. Primordium.
Prooemium.
IN ITIUM, ( ire in ) a beginning, an entrance. Narrationis initium.
Ter . Initium cap it aRh odano flumine. Cass . Initium belli . Cic.
I nitium cum h ostibus confligend i facere . l d .— INITIA is said of the
sacrifices or rites of Ceres, the goddess of corn and tillage, tanquam ea
s int.vitae princip ia, says Cicero. Duo j uvenes per initiorum d i es, non1mt iat1, templum Cereris, imp rudentes religionis, cum caeterfi turbaingress i sunt. Liv. Initia is also sa id of the pr inciples of a science. Illa
h
in itia, quae Graecé elementa d icuntur . l d .— PR INC I P I UM , (quasi ri
mum caput ) the p rinciple. Princip ium dare alicui moti onis. ic.
Magna tum rerum a Diis immortalibus p rincip ia d ucuntur . Id .
PR INC I P IA , in tactics, is sa id q"
thevan of an a rmy . Itaque nullus in
aci e locus tutior erat, quam p ost p rincip ia. Liv. Hosce instrue : h ic
ego ero post p rincip ia ; indeomn ibus signum dab o , Ter ., which placesuits very well such a coward as Gnatho . Princip ium is ha rdly everused bygood authors to exp ress a principle (,a max im or ax iom) .— ExO RD IUM, (f rom ex and ordit i ) a beg inning , an introduction to a discourse. It is only usedfigura tively Ex ordi um V ite . Cic. Ex ordiummali exp licare. l d .
— PRIMORD IUM , ( quas i primum ordium) . The
fi rst beginn ing . A Dus immortalibus sunt nob is agendi capienda primordia. Cic. Primordia urb is. Liv. Tacitus has used p rimord ia to
exp ress the sacrifices ofl'
ered to commemorate the orig in qf a people. Statot empore omnes ejusdem sanguin is p opul i legationibus coeunt, cassa
que publice h omine celeb rant barbari ri tus h o rrenda p rimordial .Pnoma M, (f rommob, and 0710 7,
via , iter ) a proem, a prelude. Procemiumph ilosoph ize . C ic. Procemium legis . Id . In singulis libris utorp rocemiis. 1d . Figuratively Miserae cogn osce p rommia r ixae. Juv.Procemiummay be separa tedf rom the work, but ex ordium cannot, asit makes a part of it. Initium, quo quid incip it princip ium, ex quo
quid constat.
1 355. Inj uria. i‘
ldaled ictio. Maledictum. Contumel ia . Convicium.
I NJUR IA , says Cicero, est qua aut pulsatione coipuémut convicioaures, aut aliqua turp itud ine vitam cuj uspiamvi olat. It is sa id of a llth ings contra ry to j ustice, or to the r igh ts of individuals . Facere i njurias omnibus . Cic. It does not properly signify an abuse or outrage,but a wrong or inj ustice done to one. Contumelize acerbio res esse sol ent p rincipibus , quam injuries. Sen.
— MALED ICT 10 , (male d icere )detraction, evil-sp eaking C icero uses it to exp re ss the custom tha t pr e.
vailed amongst orators , of loading the adverse party with reproachesf oreign to the cause : I t does not. exactly s ignify slander . Maledictio nih il
'
babet prop osit i prmter contumeliam, quae si petulantius j actetur ,convicium ; si facetius, urbanitas nominatur . Cic.
— MALED ICTUM,
abusive or foul language opprobr ious words. Aliquemmaledictis in.
sectari . Cic. N ih il est tamvolucre quammaled ictum, n ih il faciliusemittitur , nih il citius excip itur , n ih il latius dissipatur . Id .
— CON TU
MELIA , (f rom contemnere ) Contumely , a rep roach or censure coupledwith contempt. Quibus tu privatim injurias p lurimas contumeliasqueimposuisti. Cic. Injuria: qui ad did eris coutumeliam. The Latin lan
guage had no word moref orcible h ence thefollowing express ions Ser
vi re est contumelias pat i. Cic. Verborum contumeliis aliquem lacessere . l d .
- CON V IC IUM , (from cum and vox ) p roperly , the noise Qfmany persons talking loud a t the same time. Erant autem illa convivianon illo silenti o p raeto rum atque imperatorum sed cummax
imo clamore atque convicio . Cic. Clamorem ranmsustulere ad sydera : convicio permotus qua rit Jup iter causam querelae . Ph ased . It
is sa id a bitter and abusive reproach . Conviciis os alicuj us verbe rare.
Cic. ouvicium alieni facere . Ter .
1356. Inj ur ili . Inj ur iosi .INJURIA, without cause, without reason. Hoc h orret Milo, ace ia
3 1 8
mi; integritate et innocentia. Cic. Innocentia est afi'
ectio tal is animi,quze noceat nemini. l d .
— INTEGR I TA S is properly sa id of the state ofa th ing that has had no part cut ofi
‘
, that is still whole. Integr itasvaletud inis, Cic., Sound health , tha t has not been impaired. In a moralsense integrity , upr ightness,fi eedomfrom repr oach . Incorr upta quiedamLat in i sermonis integr itas , Cic., Thepurity of theLatin language.Vitae gravitas et integr itas . Id . Integritatem atque innocentiam sm
galarem oportet esse in eo qui alte rum accuset. Id .
1 362. Innumerus. Innumerabilis .
INNUMERUS , (non numerus ) verynumerous , numberless. Gentesinnumeraz. Virg. H oste innumer o cmctus. Ovid — INNUMERABILI S ,innumerable, that cannot be numbered. Series annorum innumerabilis.
H or . Innumerabilis p ecunia. Cic. Multitudo innumerabilis. Id.
1 363. Innup tus . Innubus . Ca lebs.
INNUPTUS , (non nuptuszland poetically INNUBUS , unmarr ied, un
wedded. Innuptw puellm. irg . InnuptaMinerva. Id . Innuba per
mane o . Ovid. Innuba laurus, Id ., speak ing of Daphne transformedinto a laurel. Quatemp estate Paris H elenam innuptis j unxit nup tiis.Cic. i . e. contra j us fact is. - CcELEBs, (f rom noirn, a bed , and M inor,to abandon ) he who leads a single life, whether he never was ma rried,or is become a widower . S ine conj uge ce lebs vivebat. Ovid. Deditet matrimon i o op eram,verum amissauxore caelebs remansit. Sue t.Figuratively : Caalebs platanus. H or .
1364. Inquies. Inquietus. Irrequietas. fl nxius. Sollici tas.
INQU IES , and INQU IETUS , (sine qui ete ) restless, unquiet. Lux deinde in uietam noctem insecuta est . Liv. Nox per diversa inquies .
Tac liguratively: an enemy to quiet and peace. Humanum genusinqmes et ind omitum. Sall . Inquieta ingenia, et in novas res avida.
Id . Inquietus h omo et ad tribunatum sp irans . l d .— IRREQUIETUS ,
that is never at rest, that is in a continual motion. Sid erum semper irrequ is ta agitati o . Sen . Figuratively : Bella i rrequi eta. Ovid . S orst h i irrequi eta. Id .
—ANXIUS , (f romangere ) perp lexed, sorr owful.Anxio an imo esse . Cic. Aux ins glorie alte rius. Liv. V icem suamanxius. Id . Fi urativel Anx iw angr itud ines et acerbe . Cic.
— SOL
n orrvs, (é solo citarei,
ag itated, tha t is in commotion, both in the pro
p er and j igurative sense. Mare sollicitum. Virg. Solliciti eramus d e
tuii ‘valetud ine. Cic. Amor sollicitus atque aux ins. Id . Sollicitus
S ll Sp iClODe. Id . Velim sci re utrum ista sollici to an imo , an soluto‘le
gas. Id .
1365. Inquit. Ait.
INQU I T is put in dia logues and narrations . Quasi enim ips os intr odux i loquentes, ne inquit et inquam smpifis interponeretur . Cic.
Vale , vale, inquit, I ola . Virg.— Arr is opposed to negat : Quas i ego
i d curem, qui d ill e aiat aut neget. Cic. Diogenes ait. Antipate r negat. Id .
1 366. Inscius. Nescius. Insciens.
,Allhau h IN SCIUS and NESC IUS may sometimes be used the one ia
stead of t oth er , it mayhowever be remarked that nescius denotes ignorance in a more general sense. Nescia mens h 0minumfats sort isque
3 19
futurw. V irg. Inscia would have less energy of exp ression. Nesciamansuescere corda. Id . Quon iam ad mo rtemnos inscii misistis. Cic.
Nescius admits of a pass ive signification. N escia tributa aliis genti»bus, Tac.,
Taxes unknown to other nations.— IN SC IEN S exp resses actual
ignorance. Ea qua me insciente facta sunt. Cic. Insciens feci . Ter.
1 367. Insequi . Insectari .
IN SEQUI , (f romin and sequor ) tofollow afl er , to go af ter . Insequifugientem. Cic. Stricto gladi o aliquem insequi . Id . Insequitur nim_
bus ped itum. Virg. Figuratively Insequi aliquem contumelia. Cic.
Insequeris tamen h unc, et li te morar is in iqua. H on— IN SECTARI
(f requentative of insequi) denotes a g reater action, and is alreays takenin a bad sense ; to pursue, to run aj ter . Aqu ila insectatur et agitat
alias aves. Cic. Furi& agitant et insectantur imp ios. Id . FigurativelyInsectari aliquemmaled ictis . Cic. Insectar i injuriam, Id To r e
venge an afl'
r ont, In the samemeaning If zrg il says Quod n isi et assiduis terram insectabere rastr is, If you do not continually weed out
noxious herbs with your r ake. Fug ientem et imbellern insequi non
vi ri fort is est ; tenuiores insectar i, crud elis et imp ii. G. D .
1 368. Inserere. Ins inuare.
INSEBERE , inserui, ( serere in ) to put or th rust in, to insert. Inser ere caput in tentoriurn .Liv. Inserere collum in laqueum. Cic. La
genaz collurn inserens cicon ia . t d . Pue ris cibum in as inserere.
Cic. Figuratively Inser itur h uic loco fabula. Liv. Veris inseruitfalsa. Cic. H istor iae turpes inseruisse j ocos. Ovi d.
— INS INUARE,(fr oms inus ) properly, to put in one
'
s bosom and figuratively , to insinuate. Insinuare se in equitum turmas , (3q To creep amongst the ,
cavalry . Explores, na.se ins inuent mala. Cic. Se in causam ins i
nuare, Id . , To enter into themost dzfi icult pa rt of an qfi'
air . Insinuat
suspicio in animis . Liv. Ins inuare se alicui, Cic., To creep into one’
s
INS ID IATOR , (sedere in ) he that lays snares . Insid iatorvie . Cic.
Insidiatori et latr oni que p otest afl‘
er ri injusta nex PId . FigurativelyInsidiator libertatis. Cic.
— Ixsmxo sus , ins idious,full of wiles and deceits . Apert is inimicis obsistere, insidiosis amicis non crede re . Cic.
In tanto ac tam insid i oso b ello . Id . In sid iosae simulationes. Id. Facies insi di osa oculis . Ovid .
1 370. Insilire. Adsilire. Insulta re.
IN S ILIRE, (salire in ) to leap in or upon. E navi in scaph arn insiluimus. Plaut. Insilire in equurn. Liv. Tignumque supra turba petulans insilit. Ph a d .
—ADS ILIRE, (sal i re ad ) to leap to, to leap against.Mus escam putans ad siluil . Ph aed . Figura tively Ad silire ad aliud
' genus orationis . Cic.— INSULTARE , (f reg
uenta tive cy‘
insilire) to leapup , to rebound. Insul tant fior ibus hmd i. irg. Equitem d ocuere subarm s insultare solo . Id . Figuratively Min imetolerandaaudaciainsultat.
.
Liv. Insultare in omnes, Cic., To insult every onef Qui nunc!
potentiarn senis, et segnitiem j uvenis jux ta insul tet. Tac. Multos apuermé
o
bqnos insultaverat. Sall. Insultare malis, rebusque aegrescere liens, Stat , To rq
’
oice heartily a t mifor tunes, &c.
1371 . Ins istere. Cons istere.
INS I STERE , (stare in ) to sta nd upon, to lean upon . Ins istere singul is gradibus . Cic. Insistebat in manu Cereris dex tra simulach rumpulch errime factum V ictoriae. Id . Ut cum p rimi cecid issent , p rox imij acentibus insisterent, atque ex corum corporibus pugnarent. Cass.
Figura tively . Insistere vestigiis Iendum suarum, Cic. , Not to bel ieone
’
sf ormer glory . Insistere mente et an imo in rem aliquem, Id . , To
g ives one'
s-self entirely up to a th ing . Vex-umvide , ne impulsas irap ravér ins istas, Ter . , Ta ke ca re lest anger should cause you to make af alse step . H onor ibus alicuj us insistere , Plin. j un ., To succeed one in s
ofi’ice or dignity .
— CoN S I ST£ nr ( stare cum) to stand fast, to keep inone p lace, to rema in in a natura l state. Cons istere in anch oris, Cm ”
To ride a t anchor. Consistit triduum Roma . Cic. Necmente necl ingua He is not in h is right senses, and does not knowwhat he says. Fides utr inque constitit, Liv., Each pa rty s tuck to theirword. In sentent iaaliquis consistere . Cic. Usura consistit, cum non
p rocedit. Id .
1372. Insolentia . Intolerantia .
' IN SOLENT IA , (non solere ) properly , want of habit or p ractice,strangeness, e.rtraord inar iness. Ofl
'
endi t aures insolentia sermonis. Liv.
Disputationis insolentia, Cic., An extraordina ry and new way of d is
p uting . Moveor et iam ipsifis loci insolentia,. Id . I t a lso signifies insolence, haugh tiness. Ex ar rOgantia odium, ex insolentiaarrogantia.
Cic.— INTOLERAN T IA , (non to lerare ) impa t ience that cannot sufi er
o r abid e, ungovernable haugh tiness. Quis eum cumma sup erb iaatqueintolerantiaferre p otuisset Cic. Non pr ivatorum insan iam, sed intolerantiam reg is esse d icetis . Id .
1 373. Insomnis . Er somnis . V ig il .
I NSOMN I S , that sleeps not, without sleep . Oberrant insomnes magisquam pervigiles . Tac. Insomnem d ucere noctem. Virg.
— EXSOM
ms , ( é somn o ) awakened, tha t has done sleep ing. Non seed s in j ugisexsomn is stupet Evias. Hon— V i am, wa tchful, watch ing . Vigilesoculi . Virg.
, Canumvigilum excubiaz. Hor . Vigil d ifla s from insomn is , 1 . Because thef ormer supposes an app l ication , a kind Qf activi ty ,
when app lied to animate beings. 2 . I t is app lied to th ings that cannot
p oss ibly be susceptible q sleep by nature. Lucernwvig il es. H.
or . V igi lignis . V irg . It is impr oper to say Insomnes lucernze , or ignis i nsomnia.
1 374. Insp icer e. Intr osp icere.
I N SPI CERE, to look upon, to observe n icely, in order to examine. InsPicere in sp eculo . Ter . H ortos, cumvenero , inspiciam: Cic. V is
ne te insp iciamus apuero l d .— I s TBOSPrCERn, to look znto. Intro
sp ice in mentem tuam. Cic. IntrOSp ice peni tus i n omnes Relpublicze
partes. Id .
1375. Instabilis. Lubr icus . Pr ceceps.
I N STAB ILI S , (non stare ) unsteady , tha t does not stand well. Quippeubi p edes instabilis, acvixvad o fidens vel inermi equo
xte e
gno temere
act o perverti p osset. Liv. Locus ad gradum instab i lis. ac. Figu
r a tively Instabilis h omo , Liv. , An inconstant and cha ngeableman .
Animi instab il es. Virg.— LUBRICUS , slippery. V ise lubr icae qmbus
1 379 . Institutio. Institutum.
IN ST ITUT IO , (statuere in ) properly the act (fi establish ing It is notused but in the fi gurative sense. l nstitutio operis , Cic., The undertak ing of a work . Ofiiciorump imcep ta ad institutionemvitae comma-an is spectare vid entur . Id . Ad d iscipulorum naturam institutio d oc
t oris accommod and a. Id . Institutiones oratorise. l d .— IN S T ITU
T UM , a p lan, a des ign , a method, an establ i shment . Instituta ph i los oph iae. Cic. Meo instituto usus sum. Id . Ad instituta red eamus,I d . , Let us resume ourfi r st subj ect. It is a lso sa id in a bad sense. In
s titutummeretr icium, Cic. i . c.,vivendi modus meretricius . G. D .
1 380. I nstrumentum. Supellex .
INSTRUMENTUM , ( f r om instruere ) an instrument, a f urnishing .
Instrumenta ant ornamenta villas. Cic.-Abj ecto instrumento artis,
clausaque tab e rn'a. Hor . Instrumenta b elli , Cic . , Equipages of wa r
Figura tively Instrumenta multa h abet h omo ad ad ip iscend am sa
p ientiam, Cic., Man has many means of acquir i ng wisdom. Instru
menta vi rtut is . l d .— SUPELLEX , h ousehold imp lements , goods, move
a bles Qf a h ouse . Multa et lauta et magnifica supellex . Cic; Vil iscum pateraguttus , campana sup ellex . Ho r . Figura t ively Verb or um sup ellex . Cic. Amici , optima et pulch errimavi tae, ut ita d icam,
sup ellex . Id .
1 381 . Insumer e. Impende’re. Eroga re .
IN SUMERE , (sumere in ) to emp loy in . Insumere operam frustra.
Liv. Insumere in rem aliquam sump tus . Cic.— IMPEND ERE,
i
en
d ere in ) to expend j or a th ing. Certum sump tum imp endere ad3
in
certum casum. Cic. Figura tively. Imp endere lab orem in Op erefaciend o . Cic. A char itable man impend it d e suo ad calamitosossub levand os : An idle man in res in
'
utiles tempus insumit. G. D .
EROGARE, says Alcia tus, d icitur qui rogatione apOpulo impetrabatIargiend um al iquid ex mrar io : it s ign ifi es to bestow upon, to lay out.
Erogast i pecunias ex mrar io . Cic. Pecuniam in Classemerogare . Id .
1 382. Integer. lnviolatus.
INTEGER , enti re and whole Ciim crebro integr i d efessis succederent. Cass. Integermiles, Liv. , Af resh soldier . Integer j udex , Cic.,
s i n impartialj udge. Integer laudo , H or . , I pra ise w i thout prepossess ion or interest. Integer discipulus, Cic. , An unpolished discip le, on
whom no pa ins have been bestowed , without h is learning a ny th ing . In
tegra causa, Id . , An afl itir wh erein noth ing has been done. Re integra,I d ., N oth ing being concluded . Integer o rb is would be an improp er ex
p ression in the sense (f totus orbIS.— INV IOLATUS , (nonviolatus ,f romvis ) inviola te, unhurt, untouched . Inviolatum corpus omn ium civium,
integrum j us libertatis defendo . Cic . Id invi olatavestrfi amicitia, integro ofli cio faciebant. Id . Qui pr ima illa initia aetatis integra atqueinvi olata p razstitisset. Id
1 383. Integer dies. Solidus dies.
INTEGER D I ES , a day not entered upon, a sing le moment of wh ichh as not been made use (y: Dicimus integro s icci mane (h e ; d ie imusuvid i , cum sol ocean o subest. Hor . Th is is avery stri k ing opposi tion.
SOL IDUS D I ES is a daywhole andfull. Nec partemsolido demered e die spernit . Ho r .
1 384. Intelliger e. Per ciper e. Concip ere .
INTELLIGERE, ( legere intus or inter ) to perceive byunderstanding .
Intelligentia est per quam an imus persp icit quae'
sunt . Cic. Tametsi
non tammultum in istis rebus intelligo , quam multa vidi . Id . Rara.mens intell igit quod interi o re cond id it cura angulo . t d . Quantum,
é vultu ej us intelligo ! Cic. In tell igere denotes a clea r head — PER "
C IPERE, (cap ere per ) properly , to gather or reap . Fructus ercipere
et coudere . C ic. Figura tively to know , to apprehend . iligenter
quae d icuntur percipere. Cic. Id si minus intelligitur quantavis amicitiae sit, ex d iscord ns p ercip i p otest. Id . Percipere denotes a pene
trating mind .
— CONC I PERE , (cap ere cum) to conceive, both in thepr op er and in thefigurative sense. Omn ia quze terra concip it semina.
Cic. 1psa senectus concipit d ed ecus. Id . Principes non solumvitiaconcip iunt, sed e t iam infund uut in civitatem. Cic. Quod ita juratumest, ut mens concip eret fi eri Opo r tere , i d observandum est. Id . Quod ~
namconcep i tantum scelus ? Id . Concip e re i ras. Ovid .
1 385. Intemperies . Intemper ies .
I NTEMPERIE , the Furies . or evil sp irits . Di,vostram fid em, quae
Intemperia: nostram agunt familiamPPlaut .— INTEMPERI ES , 1 . Ia
temperature of the wea th er . N ox in frugibus intemperi es cmli . Col .2. Want of moder ation in temp er, violence of temper . Sed meh erculé
incip iend o refugi , ne qui vid eor non stulté illins amici intem‘
per iem
tulisse, t a rsus stulté injuriam illins faciam illustrem,si qu id scrip
sero . Cic.
1 386. I ntempestus. Intempestivus.INTEMPESTUS , (non tempestus ) the a ir and tempera ture ty
'
which
is bad and unwholesome. Intempestaeque G raviscaa. Virg. Graviscmwas an old ci ty of Italy near the sea . Intempestus s ignifi es a lso, obscure,f ull of darkness. Et lumum in n imb o nox intexnpesta tenebat.Virg .
— IN TEMPES T I V US , (non tempestivus ) unseasonable , unt imely ,inconven ient. Intemp estiva ep istola, aut loquax . C ic. Nunquamiat emp estiva, nunquam molesta est amicitia. Id .
1 387. Intendere . Ex tender e.
INTENDERE, ( tendere in ) to stretch out. Intendere d ex tram ad
statuam. Cic. Figuratively r Animum intendere stud iis , H o r . , To app ly one
'
s mind to study . Litem alieni intendere, Cic., To commence asuit aga inst one. It is sa id of increasing the strength orf orce. Quid siintendatur certamen , Tac., What shall we do, should the r iva lsh ip between the two princes be increased?Imtendere exp resses a lso going a long ,iter or gressum being understood. Ut eo, qui) intendit, mature cumexercitu perveniat . Liv.
— EXTENDERE, ( tendere ex ) to extend, to
give an extens ion. Extend ere agros . H or . Ex tendera imp eri i vires .
iv. Figura tively Famam extend ere factis, h ocvi rtutis opus . Virg.
In Africam quoque spem ex tenderun t,Liv., They extended their hopesasf ar as Af rica . Ne sup ravires se ex tendant. Id .
1 388 . Inter caenam. Super t aanum.
INTER cmNAM, wh ilst the repast is serving up . S ivellent inter cceY 2
324
namvel talis, vel par impar lndere . Suet.— SUPER CGJNAM, duringthe repast. Cum s oleret et lectione quotidianaqumstionem sup e remmaw p rop onere . Suet.
1 389 . Inter mantis . Per manus.
I NT ER MANUS , in the hands, in the arms . Brant Ex itus ej ustnodi,ut alius int e r manus é convivi o , tanquam é praelio , auferret ur , alius,&c. Cic .
—LPER MANUS ,f rom hand)
to hand. Per manus tractus serveto r. Gws . Nonnullae per manus demissa . Id . Figuratively bymeans (y, th rough (speaking of persons) . P. Clod iusp er manus servulasservatus fuit et ed ucatus. Cic.
1 390. Inter se. Inter ipsos.
I NTER SE and INTER‘
IPSOS do not d ifi'
er‘
in sign ifi cation; but requirea d ifi er ent construction. In te r se
'
is used when attended by a nominativeor '
an'
accusative case. Quod inter se omn es partes quodam lep oreconsentiunt . Cic. Inter ipsas would
‘
not‘
do in this case. Damonemet Pyth iamPythagoreos ferunt h oc inter se fuisse an imo , &c. Id . , and
not inter ipSUS.— INTER I PSOS must be '
emp loyea'
, when a genitive, d at ive, or abla tive case is in the sentence . Nee mih i caeterorum judicio videtur s olum, sed etiam ipsorum inte r ipsos consensu. Cic. Circaqu
’
émineXplicab iIis et grammaticis inter ipsos et ph ilosoph is pugnaest. Quint . In magnis
'
quoque auctor ibus incidunt vitiosa aliqua,et ad octis inter ip sos etiammutuo rep reh ensa. Id .
1 39 1 . Intercala re. I nterponer e. Interyzcere.
In'
T ERCALAnn, (quas i locare in ter ) to insert, to put between, as aday in the leap yea r. Intercalandi licentia . Suet. Triumph avitmenseintercalar io , pr idié calendas Martias .Liv. They sa id twice sexto ca
lendas , wh ence came the name of bissextile g iven to the intercala ry dayi rf a leap year. Intercalare is used i n a more general sense . Praemun i,uazso, ut Simas annui , et ne intercal etur quid .CIC .
— INTERPONERE,
?pone re iti ter ) to put between or interpose . Quasi en im ipsos induxienté s, ne inquam, et inquit swp ifis interponeretur . Cic. Figu
r vely“
: Auctoritatem suam interp onerez'
Cic. Interponere se ao
dacimalicuj us. Id . Causam interponens, C . Nep , Alleg ingf or h isreason tha t, &c.
— INTERJ ICBRE , (j acére inte r ) to cast, to p lace between or among , to inter
-mix. Galli inter equi tes sagittarios interjecernat
’
. Cass. Sax is in terj ectis'
. Id . Nasus quas i murus oculis inter.
j ectus es'
t. C ic. fi guratively: Inter h orum aatates interj ectus Cato .Cic
’
.
1 392. Intercedere. Inten 'enir e.
I s '
r nacans nn, (cede re inter ) to be or put oneself between, to opLongifis p rose ui veritus , quod silvze paludesque in terced e
bant. Czes . Dies non ecem intercesseranu- cum, &c . C ic. Si nulla
aegr itud o h uic gaudi o in tercesser it. Ter . S enatus auctoritas graviss ima intercesserat. Cic. Tribun i ex templopulsi , cfim intercedere t o
gation ivellent. l d .— INTERV EN IRB. (ven i re inter ) to come upon nu
awares, to thwart with d ifi‘iculties. Quam orationem cum ingressas es
sem, Cassius intervenit. Cic. Plures cecid issen t, ni nox p reelio inte rvenisset. Liv. Intervenit cwp tis bellum Sabinum. Id .
qf th ingsfl om each other . Quid tam d istat, quam a sever itate comitas ? Cic. Multum inter se distant istae facultates . Id . Difi
'
erunt
would be less expressive .
1 398. I nternuncius . Interpr es .
I NTER NUNC IUS , one who intervenes between two pa rties to reconcilethem. Internunciis ultra citroquemiss is. Cass — IN TERPRES, a med ia tor , onewho examines and settles a n afl
‘
a ir between contending pa rt ies. Per ami cos et inte rp retes agere aliquid . Cic. Se pacis ej us interpretem fo re pollicetur . Liv. Tuque h arum interp res curarum et
c onscia Juno , Virg . , because in genera l Juno was concerned in a ll matters relat ing to ma rr iages, and especially iii wha t rela ted to Carthage.I NT ERPRES is also sa id o/
‘
an interpreter , an expounder . In terpre tesp oe
'
tarum grammatici . Cic. Interp res p ortentorum. Id . Nec verbum
_
verbo curab is red d ere fid us interp res. H or . Sanctis simus interp res legum. Juv.
1 399 . Interpellar e. Obloqui .
INTERPELLARE, (f rom inter, and the obsolete pel lare , to speak ) tointerrupt one tha t is speak ing . Sed n ih il te interpellabo , continentemo rationem audi re malo . Cic. Figuratively Sed h zec tota res inte r
pellata bello refr ixerat . Id . Interp ellare aliquem in suo jure , Ca si,To disturb one in his r igh t. Fortuna p ra sentemvictorium inte rpe llavit, Liv., Fortune has interrupted th isvictory. Inte rp ellent me quominus h ortatus sim, (lumme inte rp ellen t quomim
‘
xs Respublica ame
c ommode administrar i possit. Cic.— OBLOQUI , (loqui ob ) to inter
rup t one by speaking wh ilst he is spea king. Tu veto ut me appefles
et interp elles, et obloquare, et colloquare vel Cic. Ferocissiméob locuti arant. Q. Curt. Figuratively : Obloquitur numer is sep temdiscriminavocum,
‘ Virg Orph eus un ites the sound of h is lyr e to theseven d ffl
‘
er ent tones cf h isvoice.
1 400 . I nterr oga tio . Pcrcontatio.
IN TERROGAT I O , an inter roga tion, a question or demand. Ignavuminter rogationis genus . Cic. Opp o rtuna interrogatio . Quinn— PanCO NTAT IO , an inquiry , an inquest. Quaerere percontatione aliqui d .
Cic. Rogationi finitima est pércontatio. Id . Percontatio never r e
quiresyes, no but inter rogatio requires ei th er of them.
.
Wh en 1 ask
you whether you have bough t such a th ing , it is interr ogati o . Inte rr ogo ,a n aud ier it, vid er it.Plin . Jun . But if I ask the price of a th ing, it is
per centatio. Perconto r quant i olus et far . H o r .
140 1 . Intimus. Inter ior.
INT I MUS , (superla tive of intra, ) innermost, most inward . Int ima
pars urb is . Ci c. Intimzn sedes. Id . Ira acerbior intimo corde concep ta. l d .
— Inr nmon, comparative of int ra, ) inter ior, f urther tn,more inward . Int e ri or indium pars . Cic. Figura tively Inter i or societas, Id . ,
A close society . Interi o r ep isto la , Id . , The middle of th eletter . Interi o rvita, Sue t ., A retired life. Interi o res litterae, 1d . , An
uncommon erudi tion .
1402. Intimus. Necessar ius.
INT IMUS , synonymous with N ecessarius , most intimate, closelyuni ted byfriendsh ip , or otherwise. In intimis estme i s, cum antea notus
327
non esset . Cic. Intimus erat in Tr ibunatu Clodi o . l d .— NECESSA
R IUS , (f rom nectere ) one pa rticularly united by blood or f r iendsh ip .
Curins consob r inus tuus, mih i , ut scis, max ime necessarius h omo ,e t magn ismeis beneficiis d evinctus. Cic. N ecessarius et p r opinquusmeus . Id . Sextium Caesarem, amicum et necessarium suum
, legio
nibus Syr ieeque praefecit . H irt.
1403. Intra. Introrsum.
INTRA is a preposition govern ing the accusative case, in, w ith in,whether there be moti on or not. Intra tecta vocare aliquem. Virg .
Car thaginenses j ure finium causam tuebantur , quod ager intra eos
terminos esse t. Liv. UtinamPh ilotas intraverba p eccasset non
ultra. Q. Curt . H or tensii scripta intra famam sunt , Quint. , Theworks Qf Hortens ius ar e less than their fame. It is used for inter. cest nob ilis ad Trasimenum p ugna , atque intrapaucas memorata po
p ul i Roman i clades. Liv.— IN TR 0 R SUM and IN TRoReUS ar e adver bs,and s ign ify with in , in the inner parts 3 wi th or w ithout motio
‘
n . Cla
mantibus Tr ibunis n ih il introrsus robor is , acvir ium esse .Liv. B ostemintro rsfim in media castra recip iunt. Id . Introrsus persp icere. Ca s.
I lla sib i intro rsum et sub lingua immurmurat. Pers.
1404. Intro. Intz‘
ts.
I NTRO , (ad locum) into a p lace wi th in , (wh en ther e is ni otion ) . Inunc intro j am. Ter . I te intro cito . l d .
— INTUS , ( in loco ) in, wi th in ,(when there is nomotion ) . Ibo intro, atque intus subducam ratiun
eulam. Plaut. Imus sib i cauere , Cic . , (a pr over bia l n
expr ession ) To r egard noth ing but one
'
s own interest.
1 405. Intr or nitter e. Intr oducere. Inducere.
IN TROM ITTERE, to cause or safi‘
er one to enter or come in, withoutentering Ourselves . Commessatum aliquem intromittere. Cic. MilitesN olum intromisit . Liv. - INTRODUCERE , to br ing or lead into . Introd ucere p raesid iurn in opp idum. Cass . Introd ucere Cop ias in fines alic ujus . 1d . Figura tively ln trodux it ambitionem in Senatum. Cic.
Introd ucere consuetud inem. ld .— INDUCERE , to lead to. l nd ucere in
p r aelium coh ortes . Liv. Figura tivelyESed itionem in civitatem induC ere . Cic . l n er rorem inducere , Id ., To lead one into an. error or a
mistahe. Quem ego ut mentiatur induce re non p ossum. Id . I t a ls os ign ifi es to br ingf orth or p roduce. H inc ille Gyges ind ucitur aPlat one . Cic. I t is besides used to signify erasing , or disannulling . Questiaunt in Sematu se cupid itate p rolapsos n imium magno condux isse :
ut ind uceretur locat i o postulaverunt. Cic. Intromittere and introd uu
cere d ifier also i h th isf rorn inducere , that they arep rop erly used onlyin speak ing of houses, holes, covered and inclosecl p laces, caverns, &c.
whereas we properly say inducere in agrum, but not intromittere or
introd ucere in agrum.
1 406. InDenire. Reper ire. Nancisci. Comper ire.
INVEN I RE , (veni re in ) tofi nd , tomeet with , is properly sa id of th ingsthat ar e in our way, or ofl
'
er themselves to us, either in seekingf or themor bymere chance . Quod quzf r itabam filiam inveni meam. Tet . In
agro populabund um b ostem inven it. Liv. Auri venas inven i re . Cic.
Inven ire , in a figura tive sense, denotes thefecundity ty‘the mind. Nil
328
acut i invenir i p otes t . Cic. Remedium cui rei inven ire . Id . Praesidiacontra feras invenerunt. 1d .
-REPERI RE , (rursus or retro parere )tofi nd out or discover, is sa id of th ings unknown, or sought af ter.
' Z enon ih il novi reperiens, sed emend ans sup e ri o res. Cic. ZEsopus auctor
quam materiarn repperit, h anc ego p olivi versibus senariis . Phaed .
Rep eri re in afigura tzve sense denotes the penetration of them ind. Re
p eri re causas , Cats , To find out specious p retences. Authors have of tenused indiscr iminately inven i re and reperire . Nequaquam satis est t e
perire quo d dicas , n is i id inventum tractate possis . Cic. Utmed icica usismorb i invents“; curationem esse inventam p utant, s ic nos causisaegfi tud inis erwertamed end i facilitatem reperiamus . I (L— NA NC I SC I ,to fi nd , to catch , is p roperly sa id of sportsmen . Belluas immanes venando nanciscimur . Cic. Pisces ex sententia nactus sum. Ter . I t is
taken in a more genera l sense . Nactus turbidam tempestatem. Cass.
Bon i al iqui d for tuitc‘) nancisci. Cic. Ali qui dmal i nanc iscLTer . Nanc isei occas ionem, Cic. , Tofi nd an opportun ity whereas rep e rire is tofi nd i t again. Non faci leoccas ionem p osteareper iemus . Cic. It seemstha t nancisci is always the gfl
‘
ect cy"chance.
-_COMPEBI RE, (pafere
cum, or the obsolete p eri o r, wh ich signifi ed to discover ) to knowf or certa in and by trial, to get a good knowledge of . Manifest?) comperire,et manu tenere . C ic. Ex multis aud ivi, nam compe t isse me non au
d eo dicere . Id . Compertum oculis i d h abeo. Liv. Comperior is usedas a verb deponent, but only in the present tense. Met
'
ellummagnumet sap ientem.vi rum fuiss e comperior . Sall.
1407. Inventio . Inventum.
I NVENT I O , the act of inventing, or discovering , an invention . Illa
vis qua: investigat occulta, invent i o dicitur. Cic.— IN V ENTUM i spr o
p erly an adj ective , the th ing invented, or discovered . Ph ilosoph oruminvent s . C ic. Tot . art es, to t sci en tise, tot inventa senectutemnon oh
lectant. Cic. [nventammed icinameum,est . Ovid.
1408 . Inveterascer e.-Senescerc.
I NVETERA sCBnB, (fromy etus ) ,to grow old , to gather strength bycontinuance. In h is locis miles inveteravit. Cats . Figuratively Me
moriaves tranostrae res alentui' , sermon ibus crescent, litterarummonumentis inveterascent, et
.cor robor abuntur . Cic.
-f SENESCRRE , to
g row old , to decay , tofade away . Tacitis se nescimus aunis. Ovid .
Sensirn et sine sensu senescit aetas. Cic. q ratively to languish ,to lose streng th . Civi tas otio senescit. Liv.
(
li e cunctand o senescerent consilia. Id . Quae senescunt, d eteriora fiunt ; quin inveterascunt, mel i o ra. G. D .
1409 . Invidia . Invidentia . Livor.
I NV ID I A is sa td of h im who is envious , as well a s of . h imwho is the
obj ect q/‘
envy. Invidia non in eo qui invid et solum d icitur , sed etiamin eo cui invid etur . Cic. Invid iaaverbum d uctum est s n imis intuend o for tunamalte rius . Id . It is sa id (y
‘
ha trecL Mortis illius iavid iam in L. Raccum Lzelius conferebat. Cic.
— l uvl n exrm is onlysa id of the envious. Iuvid entia aagritud o est ex alter ius rebus secund is. C ic. Invidentia in eo qui invid et tantum est. Id . Ab in
vid end o recte invid entia d ici p otest. l d .— LIVOR, a livid mark on the
sk in, a bruise. Livo r e d ecoloratum co rpus . Cic. Pressos in arms
330
freenatior est. Liv. Another d ifier ence is , that inul tus relates to theresentment of h imwho was to inflict pun ishment and impunitus tothe state or feelings of h imwho should receive it. Ut ca teror umquoque injuries sint impuni tze atque inultee . Cic. l nultus is moreovertahen f or h im that ha s not been hurt, th a t is without da nger . Undeinul tus subeuntem aut p roh ibere aut opp rimere b ostem po tuisset .Q. Curt . l nult i imperatores . Liv.
1 415. Invocare. Implorare.INVOCARE , (vocare in ) to ca ll for ass istance, to invoke. Deos
'
in
vocare . Ovid. Sociorum invocem subsid ium, cfim acivibus interclusum sit p raesidium Cic.
— IMPLORARE , (plorare in ) , to beg wi thtears, humi l ity , and eagerness for a favour . Cuj us h omin is fides imp lorand a est ? Cic. lmp loro te, ut misero feras aux il ium. Ter .
1416 . I nvolucrum. Integumentum.
I NVOLUCRUM , ( f rom involvere ) a wrapper , any th ing that servesto wrap or h id e. Candelabrum involutum quém occultissimé d eititum, involucris rej ectis, ostend erunt. Cic. Figura tively Involuériss imulationum tegi , Cic . , To be concealed and dissembled.
— IN T EGU
MENTUM , (tegere in ) an integument, any th ing that serves to cover.Lana eommtegumentis, quae Jovi app osi ta fuit, decid it. Liv. Fi
g ura tively : Integumen ta flagitiorum. Cic. Sic modo in oratione
Crassi d ivitias ac o rnamenta ej us ingen i i per quaedam involucra at
que integumenta perspex i. Id .
1 417. Jocosas. Jocular is. Jocular ius. Joculatorius. Rid iculus.
'
Joco sus , ( from j ocus ) j ocose, frol icsome, cheerful. Sermo mod c‘
)
tn stis, modo j ocoso s. H or . Furtum j ocosum. Id . Od erunt h i la
rem tristes tr istemque j ocosi. ld .— Jocumms , and JOCULAR IUS ,
j ocular, plea sant, laughable. Preeterez‘
i ne sic, ut qui j ocularia , ridenspercurram. H or . Jocular ium in mahum insciens p ene incidi . Ter.Joculare istud qu idem est , et 5. multis smpé d er isum. Cic.— JOCULATOR IUS , of a j ester , full of fun and ra illery . Joculatoria d ispu
tatio . Cic .— RI D IéULUS , (from ride o , to laugh ) exciting mirth and
laughter, r idiculous . Multa Greecorum falsa et r id icula . Cic. Rid icula es
'
me istfic admonere . Ten— Lumcrmor LUD ICRUS , ( fromludo , never used in the nominative case mascul ine s ingula r ) tha t is not
serious, that i s donef or f un, ludicrous . Ars ludicra armorum et gla
d iatori et milit i p rod est, Cic. , Fencing is useful both to a g ladia torand to a soldier . Clar orum viro rum non lud icros sermones esse
Op ortet , Id ., The discoursing of i llustr ious men ought to be ser ious.
141 8 . Jocus. Ludus . Lusus. Lusio . Lud icrum.
JOCUS , a j ohe, a sp or t , (ma scul ine in the s ingula r, and neuter in the
p lura l number ) . Jo ei, j oco rum, is v seldomfound in good authors.
Joca tua plena facetiarum. Cic. Mu ta j oca solent esse in episto
lis. Id . Non ad ludum et j ocum fact i samus. Id . Ludo et j oco util icet, cam gravibus ser iisque rebus satisfecer imus. l d .
— LUDUS, a
game or play, an exercise, a school . Ludus p iles. Cic. Tempestivum
Pixeris concede re lud um. H o r . Buceo s mecum C iceronemmeumm lud um d iscendi, non lusionis. Cic. I t is a lso sa id of a j est or pun .
. n inaut
33 1
Ut ludos facit Ter. , How j ocosely he acts or spea ks ! Amoto queramus seria ludo . H or . Ludos aliquem facere , Plaut., To make a
laugh ing-stock (J one . I n the plural number it is sa id of publ ic games.Edere , facere ludos . Cic. Ludus is better sa id of serious and decentgames ; and LUSUS of ch ildish plays. S ic lusus an imo d ebent aliquand d dari . t d . Ann i lusibus ap ti . Ovid .
- LLS I O , the act ofp laying or gaming . Qui p ila lud unt, non utuntur in ipsa l
'
usione
a r tificio p rop ri o palaestrae . Cic. Infantes lusionibus vel labor iosisd electantur . Id .
-LUD ICRUM, a pastime, any k ind Qf publ ic games .
Nunc itaque et versus et cwtera ludicra p on o . H or . Celebrare lnd icrum. Liv. Lud icrum fuit e qui pugilesque ex Etruria
'
acciti . Id .
1 41 9 . I ra . l racund ia . Excandescentia .
IRA , anger , wra th, des i re of revenge. I ra est l ib id o puniend i ej us,quivid eatur leesisse, inj uriam. Cic. I ra furo r b revis est. H or . h ave( in the p lura l ) is p owerf ully express ive. I ree factaz sunt ampliores.
Ter . Dignas Jove concip it i ras . Virg . Tantae-me an imis coelestibus i ree l d .
— IRACUND IA , a natura l inclination to anger, snapp ishness, ha stiness of temper . Ira quo d istet ab i racund iaapparet , quo
ebr ius ab eb rioso , et timens s t imid o iratus p otest non esse iracund us ; iracund us p otest aliquando iratus non esse . . Sen . It is some.t imes used in the sense if ira. S ic ad nos omn es fer é d eferunt, n ih il ,cum abs it iracund ia, te fier i p osse j ucund ius . Cic.
— EXCANDESCEN
T I A (f rom ex and candere ) is a fi r e kindled on a sudd en .
f ound in a figura tive sense, and signifies violent pass ion , a
of grea t ang er. Ex cand escentia est ira nascens et modo ex istens.
Cic.
1 420. I re. Gr ad ior . Gr assar i . Incedere. Vadere.
IRE, to go, either onf oot or any other way. Pedibus ire non que o.Plaut. Ibam forteV iaSacra. H or . Navigi o esse te iturum crederenon p ossum. Cic.
— GRAD IOR , ( the infi n itive present is very littleused. Plautus uses grad iri, and Columella gradi ) to walk, to go stepl step . Alia an imalia grad iend o , al ia serpend o ad postum acce(I'
imt. Cic. Uno gradi tur comitatus Ach ate . Virg .— G RA S SARI ,
(f requenta tive of grad ior ) to wa lk pretty fast, to ma rch quickly. I t
is most commonly used in af igurative sense Grassar i in p ossessi onemagr i publici . Liv. Obsequi o grassare, H or ., Creep into h is f avourby excess ive comp la isance. Consi li o grassar i, Liv. , To have recourseto cunn ing . Ad gloriam grassar i vi rtutis via. Sal]. Grassari j ute,Liv., To p roceed by legal means.
— INCEDERE , (cedere in ) to getf orwa rd. Incedere ad urbem. Liv. Itvery well expresses a noble andstatelr walk or countenance. Ast ego quw d ivum incedo regina. V i rg.
Ince no t per ora vestramagn ifici. Sal] toma rch on withfi rm steps. Vad imus baud d ubiam in mortem. Virg. Vad ere
‘
in p reel ium. Liv. Wevery p roperly say I t trist is arator : Vad it tristis aratorwould be bad Latin. Vadere s ignifi es also togo away . Lentulus h
'
od ié
apud me ; cras manevad it. Cic.
1 421 . Irr itatio. Irr itamentum. l r r itamen .
IRRI TAT IO , an incens ing , an i rr itating . Ir ritatio animorum.
.
Liv.Naturah s qu
‘aedam an imi irr itatio commutand i sedes, Sen A natural
desi re of chang ing one'
s a l‘ode.— I RRITAMEN TUM,encouragement; i a
citement. Parvum fui t certaminum irr itamentum. Liv. Opes, irritamentamalorum. Ovid — 1 11 11 1 1 1 142 11 is the.same, but only us ed in
p oetry. Op es animi irritameno avari . Ovid .
1422. 1 taque..Q
I TAQUE, therefore, denotes only a ref erence to the premises and con
sequence ,QUARE ,for wh ich reason , includes i n its peculia r significa
tion a reference to the cause, and ej'
ect . Itaquepo ints out prop erly th econclusion (f a reason ing .
andiquare denotes better what j ollows an
event or a f act.‘
Itaquemulta ab eo prudenter disputatamemo rizemandabam. Cic. Itaque ergo ut magistratu ab iet e , &c.Liv. Quar esic tib i eum commendo . Cic. Quare ag ite , o tectis, j uvenes, succed ite nostr is . Virg.
1 423. I tem. Itidem.
,I TEM , a lso, li kewise. S olis d efect iones itemquedmm pm dicuntnr .
Cic. Pergratum mih i fecer is, spew i tem Scazvolae, si, &c . Id .— IT 1
D EM , ( quas i alterum idem) in a very like manner, uite in a s imila rmanner Ut hoe tib i do leret itid em, ut mih i dolet . e r . Itidemmulieres, .ut sunt puer i, levi sentent ia , Id . Women, j ust li ke ch ildr en, ar echangeable in thei r sentiments.
1 424. 1ter .
‘
Via Semita. Ca llis. :Trames . Angipor tus.
ITER, (ab cundo ) a way , th er oad one llows and utreads up on . Pa
t ens iter . H or . Tatum ite r cur rit classis. Virg . I t is a lso said (J thewalk ing or marching itself Conve rtera 1 te1' aliquo . Cic. Ite r ad Eu
ph ratem p ronunciar i jube t . Q . Curt . Figu ra tively . Iter ad h on ores.
Plin. Itiner ibus nostr is illum 1 1'
e patiamur , Cic. , Let us p ermit h imto imita te our ea’ample.
— V IA (quas ivell ia , f romveh ere) is sa id of a
broad way that admits the pass ing ff ca r r iages , ofveh icles. IbamfortéVi aSacra. H o r. Trebon ius itineribus d eviis 111viamp roficiscitur . Cic.
I ter conficiebamus pulverulenté via. Id . Longum san e i ter, etvia1mep ta. Id . i te r deviam, inaccessum, et avia remotum. Id . It is said
of marching . Vide o quot d ierumvia sit. Cic. Ite r, says Modestinus,
quo quis p edes vel eques commeare o test ;via es t j us eundi, ambulandi , veh iculum trah end i ; iter est ominis p rop rium ; via,veh iculo rum. Figuratively . V ia ad glo riam p rox ima. Ci c. Non tam justi ~tize quam litigand i tr ad unt vias . Id . SEM ITA , (quas i semi iter ) a
na rr ow way. De via in semitam digredi . Plaut. Deced am ego ill id evia, de semita. Id . S imul 1n silvamventam es t, ub i plures d iversaasemitae erant, et nox appr opinquabat , cum perpaucis max ime fid isvia divertit . Liv. Ego p o rro illius s emita fec i viam. Ph aed — CAL
(f romcallum) ab
pa th made ly beasts i n mounta ins and f or ests , a
f oot p a th . Peco rummodo per wst ivos saltus d eviasque calles exerci tam d ucimus. Liv. Vi rg il uses it in themasculznegender . Prted amquep er h erbas convect calle augusto (fo rnucae) . fromtr ans meare ) a ly .
-patl1 Egressas est non vi is , sed tramitib us. C ic.
Obliqui s tramitibus. Liv. and Axcxp o n '
rvm, (f romangere and p orta ) a small narrow street or passage. Id quidem angip o rtumnon est pervium. Ter . Ex bor re is d irep tum efi
’usumque fru
mentumvias omn es angipor tusque constraverat. Cic.
1425. lter f acere. Viamfacere. Viammunire.
I r an r a cz nn, to wal k, to,march, to tr avel. Cum Quint o fratre et
j urisd ictionem h abui t. Cic. E stivos menses rei militari dare , hybernos j ur isdictioni. Id .
1431 . Jud icatum. Judichtus. Judicium.
JUD ICAT L'M , the th ing j udged or determined. Judi catum est id d e
quo sententia lata est . Cic. Judicatum est res assens ioue, aut auc
tor itate, aut judici o alicuj us aut aliquorum comprobata . l d .— JUD I
CATUS , the p rofession of the law , authority to j udge. Ist i o rdin i judica tus et iam ante lege Jul iapatebat . C ic .
— Jumcu m, 1 . A j un’
gement
or tr ia l at law , the cogn isance of an afl'
air . Omn ia judicia aut distra
h endarum coutroversiarum, aut puniend orum maleficio rum causa
reperta sunt. C ic. Vocare aliquem in j udicium. Id . Cras est mih ijud icium. Ter. 2. 44 plea , a pleading. Quid h ab et s imile ep istola aut
j udic i o aut conci on i C ic . Fzguratively Judicium cib i et potionisnarium est, Cic., It is the sense (y
‘
smelling tha t d istinguishes th e tas tes
ofmeats and l iquors . Animi quodamjudici o abh orrere are civil i . Id .
1 432. Jud icatumfacere. Jud icatum solvere .
JUD ICATUM FACERE , to obey the sentence g iven , to comply with it.Gum j ud icatum non faceret, ad dictus H ermipp o , et ab eo ductus est.C ic.
— JUD ICATUM SOLVERE , to pay wha t one is sentenced to . Iste
p ostulat ut p rocurator j ud icatum s olvi satisdaret. Cic.
1 433. Judicia lis . Judicia r ias.
JUD IC IA LI S , j udicia l , of or perta in ing to j udg ement. Jud iciale genus d iceud i, Cic The j udicia ry k ind of oratory . Judicial es causas . Id .
Jud icialismolest ia , Id . , The troubles and d ifiiculties o/‘
law -suits .— JU
mcm aw s , p erta in ing to a j udge. Ecquid vides, ecquid semis , legejudi ciaria lata, quos posthac judices simas h abituri ? Cic. Quaestujudiciari o pastas . Id .
1434. Judicium dare. Judicium exer cer e. Judiciumfacere .
JUD IC IUM DARE, to g ive the authority of j udging. Omnes omnip ecuniae p ositae sunt in eorum p otestate qui j udicia dant, et eorum qui
j udicant . Cic.— JUD IC I UM EXERCERE , to have thepol ice 4 a tr ibuna l ,
to cause suits a t law to bef urn ished with every th ing necessa ry f or thehear ing and j udg ing of them. Praeto r j udicium exercens . Cic.
— JU
D IC IUM FACERE, to pass a sentence or decree. Multa et gravia judiciad e conj uratorum scelere fecistis . Cic.
1435. Jugalis . Jugosas .
JUGALI S , (f rom j ugum) th at is yoked , or perta ins to yokes, Ah
senti ZEnete currum, gemmcsque j ugales duci jubet equos ) . Vi rg .
fi gurat ively : Juga le vinculum, Virg. , The marriage tie — JUGO SUS ,(f rom j ugum) r idged,f ull cy
’ r idges, h illy . Quis p robet in silvis Ccr erem regnare j ugosis Ovi d.
1 436. Junctura . Junctio. Adj unctio.
JUNCTURA , (f rom j ungere ) a j oint, that whereby a th ing isj oined .
Tignorum junctura. Car s. Genuum j unctura. Ovid. FigurativelyJuncturaverborum, Quiut ., The connex ion of words. S i callidaverbum reddi derit junctura n ovum. H or .
— JUNCT I O , j unction, union,the act ofj oin ing . Est inter itus quas i d iscessus et secretio ac d iremp
3
tus earum partium, quaeante inter itum j unctione aliqua tenebantur.C ic.
— ADJUNCTm, (j ungere ad ) the act ffj oining one th ing to another,is only used in afigur atwc sense . Tribus rebus max imé h omines adbenevolentiam d ucuntur , beneficio , spe, adj unctione an imi , aut voluntatis . Cic. S i h oec non est, nulla p otest esse b omin i ad h ominem naturae adj unctio , quasublatavitae s oci etas tollitur . Id .
1 437. Jurare. Adj urare. Dtj er ar e. Conj urar e.
JURARE, to swea r, to ta ke an oath . B'Iagnavoce j uravi ver issimum
pulclierr imumque j usj urand um, quod p opulus idem magmavoce mej urasse j uravit. Cic.
— ADJURA RE, to swea r solemnly , to p rotest withan oa th . Per omnes t ib i adj uro deos. Cic. Pomp eias afli rmat nonesse p ericulum, adj urat. C ic.
— DEJERARE, to swear bythemost sacredth ings . Bacch is d ej erat persancté . Ter .
-CO NJURA RE, to swear to
gether to do all the same th ing . G rmcia conj urata tuas t ump ere nupt ias . Hor . Conj urare de aliquo interficiend o . Cic. Inter nos con
j uravimus, ego cum illo, et ille mecumf Plaut.
1 438 . Jur isconsultns. Jur isper itus. Leguleius .
JUR I SCON SULTUS and JURECON SULTUS , (apud quem consulitur
d e j ure ) a counsellor a t law , one who advises a t law. Jur isconsultusest, qui legara et consuetud inis ej us , quap rivati utuntur , et ad re
spond end um, et ad cavend um, et ad agendum p eritus est. Cic. Domus j ur isconsulti oraculum c ivitatis. l d .
— JUR I SPER ITUS includesonly the idea of one skilled in the law . Quis Balbo j urc peritior Cic .
Q . Scaevola j ur isperitorum eloquentissimus, eloquentium j urisper itisS imus . l d .
— LEGULEIUS , (f rom lex ) a student in the law,a pettifi rg
ger . Ita et t ib i j ur isconsultus ipse per Se n ih il,n is i leguleius quidam
cautas et acutus p raeco actionum, cantor formularum, auceps syllabarum. Cic.
1439 . Jus. E quitos. Justitia.
JUS , the r igh t, wh ich is the o lj aceof the law . It requires the?utmostr igour instead of wh ich [EQUI I A S or lEQUUM , equ ity , is the cr ereis
u stice not according to the rigour of the law , but with a reasonable modera tion and mitigation . Pro mquitate contra j us dice re. Cic.
E quitatis admirabili tein peramento se inter miser icordem patrem et
j astum legislatorem par titus est. Val . Max . Inf erior j udges ought toj udge according to the r igour of the law and super ior j udges mayj udgeaccording to the rules of equity.
-JUS T 1 T IA , j ustice, con/br rnity (y’ our
actions with the laws , a moral vi rtue that g ives every one h is due. Just itia in suum ca ique tribuendo cernitur . C ic.
1440. Jus. Lee .
JUS , synonymous with lex , is sa id of both the written and not writtenlaw . Jus is genera Jus anceps n ovi , causas d efeddere p ossum. H or .
—,LEx, the law, the written law lex is a sp ecies of j us. Lex est quze
scrip to sancit quad vult , aut j ubend o , aut vetando . Cic. Est lexn ih il al iud , n isi recta et anumine d eorum tracta rati o , imperans h o .
n esta, p roh ibens contraria. Id . Jura legesque dabat . Virg.
1 441 . Jus Gentium. Jus C ivile.
JUS GENT I UM are the laws established by a general consent and a
336
long usage amongst nations — Jus C IV I LE is the law of each nation inparticula r , the body of pos itive laws tha t are to be observed by the indi
each na tion . Maj ores al iud j us gent ium, aliud j us civi leesse voluermi t ; quod en im c ivile , non idem continud j us gentium ;quod autem j us gent ium, idem civile esse debet . Cic. S i minus j urec ivili perscr ip tum est, lege tamea natura et commun i jure gent iumsancitum est. Id .
1 442. Jus . Fas .
Jus, synonymous with fas , relates to human laws a nd FAS , to divinelaws . Fas et j ura sinunt. Virg . Clo d ium n ih il d electat quod aut
p er naturam fas sit, aut per leges licea t. Cic.
1443. Jus dicere. Jus, or De j ure respondere . l egem dicere.
JUs means , to admin ister j ustice, as a j udge does: Isti pecuniamad j us d icend um d ed isse. Cic. Quare sit summa in j ute dicendosever itas , d ummod c
‘
) non vari etur gratia, sed conservetur eequabil is .
l d .— Jus , or DE JURE RESPONDERE , is properly sa id of a counsellor
thatg ives his op in ion . At meh etcule ego arbitrabar p osse id p opulon ostr o p robar i , si te ad j us resp ondendum d ed isses. Cic . Magnummunus d e jure r espond end i sus
‘
tinere . l d .— LEGEM D ICERE , to pre
scribe, to p ropose a condition. Prudens emisti ; dicta t ib i est lex .
Hor .
1 444 . Jus . Of a .
JUS , pottage, j uice, gravy , broth . Tep idum liguri t e j us . H or . Jareillo n igro quod cuenaa caput e rat. Cic. I tid em olent , quasi cumuua
mul ta jura confundit coquus. Ten— 0mm, a mass of mea t, paste, orany th i ng els e mir ed togeth er into a lump . Me lle 50 porata et medicatis frugibus o ifa. Virg. Si avis fame enecta in ofl
'
am pultis invad it. Cic. Figuratively Carminis ofi
'
a, Pers., Swollen and disorderly1237565.
1 445. Jusj ur andum. Sacramentum. Juramentum.
JUSJURANDUM is genera lly said of an oa th takenf or a publiccause,or by or der of a public author ity , and to confirm. the truth of an
dence or testimony . Jusj urandum est affirmatio religi osa : quod eu
tem afii rmate, quas i De o teste , p romiser is, id tenendum est. Cic.
In Achaiam le gatos mis it qui j usj urand umverba in Ph ilipp i ex igerent, simulque red d erent Ach aiis. Liv.— SACRAMENTUM , an oath inconfirmation of a promise. Non ego perfid um dix i sacramentum.
H or . I t is more particula rly sa id of the oa th taken by sold iers to betrue to thei r country and genera l . Obligare aliquemmilitiee sacra
mento . C ic. PVe say sacramen tum dicere , and sacramento dice re.
Mil ites Domitianos sacramentum apud se dicere jubet. Ctes. Con
sules creatis quibus sacramento liberi n ostri dicam. Liv. Sacramentura s ignifies a lso themoney delivered into the hands of the pon tifi
'
by both pa rties tha t went to law. Qui jud ici o vicerat suum sacramentum ii sacro referebat, victi ad aerarium red ibat. Varr . He who
had cast h is adversa ry hhd his money returned to him by the pontif f,and the money (f the pa who was cast was confiscated for the profit
of the public treasury . n th is sense Cicero says contendere sacramento , to laya bet, to deposit money in somebody
’
s hands, a s is done inbetting, or was done by those who had a lawsu it.
— JURAMENTUM , an
oath, i svery l ittle in use Seneca has sa id, Juramentum facere.
338
and f orward with the wind, to be shaken. O rnus concusso ve rticen utat. V irg. Nutar1t circumspectantibus galeaz. Liv. Figuratively :
Galliae nutant. Tac. Fo rt une. nutat, Liv., There beg i ns to be a
change of fortune. Nutat e 1n aliqua re, Cic . To be i rresolute.
1 450. Labefacer e. La befactar e. Convellere . Quatere. Quassare.
LABEFACERE, ( labem facere ) to loosen , to shake and ma ke readyto fa ll . Omnes dentes labefecit mih i . Ter . Figuratively : Quemnullavis, nullaeminaa, nulla invidia labefecit. Cic — LABEFACTARE
(f requentative (y labefacere ).
denotes moreviolence. to shake with a
very great f orce. Demolir i siguntu acvectibus labefactare conantur . Cic. Fgur atzve1y Leges ac j ura labefactare. Cic. Fidem
p retio labefactare, Liv. To br il e one.— CONVELLERE , to p luck up
Qythe roots, to destroy ,
to overth row. S ilvam ab h umo convellere .1rg. Turres et culmina Deorum convellere . Id . Fg ura tively
O p inidnemmentibus compreh ensam convellere . C ic. Convellere
gratiam alicuj us, Cees . , To a eaken one’s power and infl uence. Quzecogitatio erat aliquan tum labefactata atque convulsa . Id . Cumcuneta Reipublicae aux ilia labet
'
actar i convellique videam. Id .
Q UATERE, to shake, to ag i ta te. Penuas quatere. Ovid. Car th aginis
ma n ia nunc quatit arie te . Liv. F1gur utively . Quati e gri tudin e
quas i tempestate . Cic. Quatit mentem sacerdotum Pyth ius. H o r .
B isu quatere aliquem, Id ., Tomake one laugh immodera tely . Justum
e t tenacem p rop osit ivi rum non vultus instantis Tyrann i mentequatit so l ida. Id .
— QUA S SA RE(its f requentative ) exp resses morevio
lence . Quid quassas caput? P aut. Quassatamventis liceat sub
d ucere Classem. V irg. F1 aur a tively : Quassata Respublica. Cic.
1451 . Labes . 1Waw la . N ola .
LABES , ( from lab i ) a great down [all or s ink ing o/the ground , asin ea rthquakes . Mult is locis labes facta est. Cic Labes Privernatis agn , cum te rra d esed isset. Id . Fgur atively : a sta in occasionedby the fa ll ing of liquids , such a s oil, &c . , and by extension , a blemishor dishonour . S ine lab e columbm. Ovid . Lab es an imi . Cic. Labes
a moregeneralsense : H inc mih i p rima mali labes . Virg. Labes p rovincia , C ic. ,
The destruction and ruin of a pr ovince -MACULA , p rop erly 0 spot ors ta in . Insignis bos maculis. Virg. Pallones maculas é vestibustollunt. Plin. Figura tively Inurere ze ternas maculas alieni , quasr eliqua vi ta eluere non p ossit. Cic. Est h uj us susenl i labes quaedamet macula invidere vi rtut i. Id . Non ego paucis ofl
'
end or macul is ,H or . , 1 am not ofl
’
ended at a few sma ll blemishes in a work . I t is
a lso sa id of th e meshes ( or mashes ) of a net, or cy'
a net bag . Ret iculum ad nares s ib i admovebat, tenui ssimo lino , minuti s maculis ,p lenum rosze . Cic.
— NOTA , a note, a mark . App/onem n otam ad
malumversum. Cic . G ravibus n o tis maculosus. 1rg . Figuratively . Turp itud inis n otis insign is. Cic. Ille (Scip i o ) Numant ina trax itab u1be n o tam. Ovid . Ut multis m locis n o tas et vest ig ia scelerumsnorum relinqu i velint . Cic. 1 : tsgenera lly taken i n a bad sense.
1 452. Labium. La brum. Labellum.
LABIUM and Lab ia (f rom Ad fia'
i r ) a re sa id of a full lip . Tremeut 1a lab 1a. Sil. I tal . Labiis de111issis. l
'
er . Lab ias sensim p rimo res
I
3
movens.
‘
Gell .—LABRUM , the extremity of the l ips .
.Tantalusalabris
fugientia cap tat flumina. H or . Degustare 1abr 1s . C10
0 . FigurativelyLabr is p r imor ibus att ingere aliquod v1tw genus . C1c. I t i s sa id ofthe br imof a vat, or any other vessel, and of:thevessel itself : Spumat
p lenisvind emia lah t is .Virg . Labrum 51 i n balne o non est, fac ut
sit. Cic.—LABELfiUM, (diminutive of lab ium) a little lip. Flatoni
parvulo dormi ent i ap es in labellis consed erant. C 1C . It i s a lso satdof a sma ll vat, or l i kevessel. Sup e r terrze tumalumnolul t qui d statu1
n is i columellam aut lab ellum. Cic.
1453 . Labor. Opus. Opera .
LABOR, labour, pa ins, fatigue of the body or of the mind, either inor sufi
'
er ing . Qui d est quod tantis nos in labor ibus exercea:Cic. l gnavia corp us h ebetat, lab or fi rmat. Cels. Nemml
mens adventus lab ori aut molestize fuit . Cic.
'
Ifi'oj ae supremumnu
dire laborem. Virg.— OPUS , work, the p erformance of the workman
or a r tifi cer . Habere magnum opus in manibus. Cic . Deumagnosms
ex oper ibus ej us. Id . Opus ex auro et gemmis . Id . Poets haveu sed Opus f or lab or. Sub te tolerare magistro militiam, et g raveMartis Opus. Virg.
— OPERA, the workmansh ip , the labour wh ich the
do ing (J a th ing requires. Op era et artificio singulan simulacrum.
Cic. Res multae Op era , Czes., A labor ious w ork. Terence hasverypr operly po inted out the d ifi
'
er ence between opus and opera. Quod inop ere faciund o op era consumis tuae.
1454. Labor . Dolor .
Interest al iqu id , says Cicero, inte r lab orem et d olorem : sunt fini
time omnino, sed tamen d ifi'
ert al iquid : lab or est funct io quaedamvel an imivel corp oris gravioris op eris etmuneris ; dolor autemmotusasp er in co rp ore a sensibus alienus.
1455. Labor are. Elabora re. Allabor a r e. Lucubrar e. Elucubra re.
LABORARB, (an active and neuter verb) to work, to be in pa in .
Laborare ad rem aliquem. C ic . Laborare morb o . Id . Lab oraraex renibus . Id . Laborarnus h ostibus. Id . Lab orara suamagu itad ine . Liv. H umiles lab orant, Ph aed ., The p oor ar e opp ressed. N ih illab or o , n is i ut salvus sis . Cic. Lab oro , ut assentiar Ep icuro . Id .
ELABORARE , to take pa ins in doing a th in to pol ish i t industr iously .
O rationem,ve rsus elab orare . Cic . Candelabrorum superficiem d un
taxat elaboravit. Plin. Figuratively Dulcem non elaborabunt sa
p orem Siculae dap es . H or .- ALLABORARE, (laborare ad ) to wor k
hard at, to apply oneself to a th ing . Op eri allaborare. Cic. An tu
allaborasse, bocmodo p robaturus es l d .— LUCUBRARE , (fromlux)
to do any th ing , or work bycandle- light. Sera n octe d ed ltam lameinter lucubrantes ancillas 1n med ic aed ium sed entem inveniunt. Liv.Accip ies h oc parvum opusculutn lucubratum h is j am contractiori
bus noctibus. Cic.— ELUCUBRA RE adds to the idea qf lucub rare, that
of more care and attention . O rationes non minus d iligenter elaboratas etiam, quam elucubratas aii
'
erebamus. Cic.
1456. Labrusca . Labr’
uscum.
LABRUSCA ,‘
(subst. f emin . ) a wildvine . Ad Sp ice ut antrum silvestris raris sparsit lab rusca racemis, V irg., See how th is wi ld vine,
Z 2
340
.bear ingfew grapes, is sp read over thatgrotto.—LABRUSCUM, thof thewild vine. Densaquevirgultis avide labrusca petuntur .
Jn calice .
1457. Lacera re. Lan iare.
ZLACERARI} , to lacerate, to tea r . Lacerare aliquemvirgis. Liv.Lacerare unguibus.
'Cic. .Atque ita correp tum lacerat injustanece .
Pbeed . Figura tively Lacerat me mens moeror , Cic., Sorrow con
sumes me.
’
Famam alicuj us lacerare , Liv., To blemish some -one’sreputation. Omni lacerabantur inj ur ia. Cic._ - LAM A” : (f rom 19.n ius ) imp l ies the id ea of a grea ter cruelty , and signifi es not only tear;ing , but also cutting (
in pieces as .butchers do . Placar i nequeunt, n is ih auriend um sanguinem laniandaque nostra visce ra p raebuer int.
rlv,-
Laniabant d entibus art‘us. Virg. Figura tively : Mundum la
mant venti . Ovid .
1458 .~Lacer tosus .
'Robustus.
'
eruosus .
LACER‘
TOSUS , ( from lacertus) brawny , muscular. Centurio pugnax et lacertosus. Cic. Colon1 .lacer tosi. Id .
_Lacertosus equus.
Varr .-ROBUSTUS , (f romr obur, oak of the ha rdest k ind ) p roper]made of bak. Robustns fcarcer , P laut., A prison‘
shut up with thehardest oak. Figurat‘iyely Strong , robust, ha rdy . H omo ex ercita.t i one robustus. Cic. An imus robustus. Id . Malum inveteratum fitp lerumquer obustius. Id . Robus
'
tior imp robitas. Id .— NEnV o sus,
from n ervus ) nervous, f ull qf s inews. Nulla est e1 caro , sed ner
vosa ex ilitas . Plin. Figuratively Quis Aristotele nervosior ? Cic.,
.W hat ph ilosophenhasmor e strength (J a rgument than Ar istotle .9
1459 . Lacessere. Provocare. I rr itare.LACESSERE, f rom the obsolete lacire , in fraudem inducere ) to chal
lenge. Lacessere ad pugnam. Liv. Cumme d i sputantem non 1a
cessen tem l tesissetu Cic. Efiiciam posthac ne quemquamvoce la
rias simulnto personal enmities . I rr itatque
1 460 . Lacrymaz. Fletas . Floralas.
lach rymae) tea eeping . Exh austis lacrymis,tamen infixus animo h aeret dolor. Cic. Bifundi in lacrymas , Tac.
,
To burst out into tea rs.— FLETus , nfl ood of tea rs , as generally hap
pens to women . Fletus moerens. Cic. Fletus mulierum. Id . In
nostro omniumfietu nullamMilonis lacrymamaspex1st1 8 . l d .— PLo
V ino sauciatus. I.iv.—VULNERARE is sa id of an aperture made into apart of the body by a violent act. Servi n onnulli vulnerantur, ipseRubr lus m turbasauciatur, Cic., Rabr ius was bru ised in the crowd.Galk nostros vulnerabant. Ca s . Figuratively Fortuua vulner ori ctu.
.
Ovid . Qui erat Arch iloch i versuvulneratus. Cic. Graviornunciusvulnerat aures. V i rg.
1 467. Laetus . Hilar is.
LE TUS, j oyful, content, sa tisfied. Intereaalacer atque la tus. Cic.
Imp eri o la ti parent . Virg. La tus in pra sens animus quod ultraestoder it curare. H or . La to milite ad mutationem ducam. Tac. Pi
guratively La ta nunciare , Tac. , T0 bring good news . Victoria lata, A j oyfulvictory . La ta indoles, Quint., A well-disposed man orwoman. Lacta segetes . V i rg . Armenta la ta, Id ., Cattle in goodp light.— H ILARxs , and h ilarus, (f romiAo
'
Zr , to be cheerful ) Qf a ch eerful temper. H ilarivultu atque la to , Cic., W ith a cheerful and p leasant countenance. H ilara vita . Id . Te h ilari animo et p rompto ad
j ocand um essevaldegaud eo . Id .
1468 . Lew is . Glaber .
La w s denotes a smoothness, either natural, or caused bysome external operation. Corpuscula alia lavia, alia asp era, al ia rotunda. Cic.
Lavis frons, V i rg., A smooth f orehead. Lavis pumice, Ovid., Po
lished with a pumice-stone. I t is a lso used by Juvenal to exp ress thebaldness of old age or of disease. Cum voce trementia membra, et
j am lave caput, mad id ique infantia nasi. Juv. Canibus p igr is, sea
b i equevetusta lavibus. l d .— GLABER, smooth by an external opera
t ion, such as pluck ing if f eathers, shear ing , tear ing out ha ir . Tu istam. galium, si sap is,glabr iorem red d es mih i . Plaut. Glabra oves. Id.
1469 . Lcevus . S in ister .
LE VUS (f romAaubg) , and S IN I STER, are of the samemeaning, withonly this d ifl
'
er ence, that thefi rmer is a Greek, and the latter a Latinword
, they both s ignify leg/2, on the lef t s id e. Lavum latus. H or .
Later ique sinistro aflixus. Virg. Speak ing of human afi'
airs, they signify contrary , d one unseasonably , in a wrong way, or m a mistake.Mens lava. V i rg. S in istra liberalitas . Cat. Temp orelavo interellare al iquem. H or . Arbor ibus satisque n otus pecorique snmster .
gl i rg. S inistra instituta. Tac. In speaking of divine th ings , they oflens ignify favourable, p rosperous ; prop itious, because the left hand of theGods faces the r ight s ide of h imwho looks at them. Numma lava 51
.
nunt, aud itquevocatus Ap oll o . Virg. Intonui tlavum.
.
Id .
.Quamquam h aud ignoro , qua b ona sint, smistra nos dicere , etnamsr dex tras int. Cic. In consult ing the ausp ices, the Romanswere genera lly turnedtowards the south , in wh ich case those tha t were on the left s i de, lava ,
coming fromthe east, were called lucky . The Greeks wereturned to
wards the north , and then lava ausp icia were called unlucky , becausethey camef rom the west, wh ich was the left s ide. But in th is theR0mans often acted and spoke like the Greeks.
1 470. Lambere. Lingere. Sugere . Ligur ire.
LAMBERE , to lap, to l ick as a dog does. Oanes quos meum tribunal lamb erevidetis . Cic. Piscesque impasti vulnera lambent . Vi rg.
3
Figuratively to run orfl ow gently by. Vel qua loca lamb it Hydasp es. H or . Attollitque globos flammarum et sider a lamb it. Virg.
LINGBEE, (f rom l ingua ) to l ick with the tongue, to touch a th ing sofl lywith the tongue. Mel mih ivid eor lingere. Plaut.— SUGERE , to suck .
Sugere ubera. Ovid . Alia (an imal ia ) cibum sugunt, al ia carpunt,alia vo rant
,alia mandun t. Cic. Figuratively Ut p ene cum lacte
nutricis erro rem sux issevideamur . Cic.— LI GURIRE, from Aiyvpig,
suavis ) to relish or ea t deliciously tit-bits, to slabber up. Qua cum
amicis suis , cum ca nant , ligur iunt . Ter .'Jus tep idum ligurire.
H or . Figura tively to spend riotously . Non levite r imp robissima.lucra ligurire. G . D .
Lampas. I acerno . Lyclznus. Lychnuchus. Laterna .
LAMPAS , (f romAdana) , to sh ine ) a lamp . Vidi argenteum'
Cup id i nem cum lampade . Cic . I t is sa id of a torch . Invectus equis etl ampada quassans. Virg . Lampas has an extensive s ignifica tion, andincludes all that was used to g ive l igh t. Lampas wasfor th e tra in and
retinue of the r ich . Comitum longissimus ord o , multum p ra tereaflammarum
, et ah enea lampas . Juv. Some of these Irass lamps, madein the f orm of the trump et (JFame, areseen in ancient monuments.
LUCERNA , (f rom lucere ) a l igh t, aflambeau . Facerem d iutius, n is ime lucerna d eficeret. Cic. In sole lucernam ad h ibere, 1 d Ta burnd ay
- ligh t. —LYCH NUS from AllXYO; , a wick) is properly the wick ofa candle or lamp . H anc scrip51 ante lacem ad lych num lineolum.
Cic. I t is sa id cf the lamp i tself. Lux al ia est solis et lych norum.
C ic. Incensi lych ni dep endent laquear ibus aureis. Virg .— LYCH
NUGHUS , a candlestick, a branched candlestick to p lace candles in, a
lustre . Lych nuch us ligneolus, Cic., A wooden candlestick . Lych
h uch i pensiles, Id ., Hang ing branched candlesticks, or lustres .
— LA
T ERNA , (f rom latere ) a lanthorn or lantern . A p ortu illic cum la
t erna advenit. Plaut. Dux laternavia clausis fe t or aurea flammis.
Mart.1472. Lanatus. Lanosas. Laneus .
LANATUS, woolly , covered with wool . Pelles lanata . Col. Lana
ta vites. Id . Lanata oves. Id . Folia meli ora et lanatiore can iti e,Plin A better sort (f leaves, covered with a th icker wh ite moss l i kewool. —LANOSUS , full of wool . Eliges ovemvasti corp oris, lanosie t ampl i uteri . COl.— LA NEUS , woollen , or made (f wool. Laneum
pall ium. Cic. Lanea effigies. H or .
1 473. Lanifer . Lamger .
LAN IFER, (lanam ferens ) tha t produces wool or cotton . Lan iferaarb ores. Plin .
— LA NIGER , (lanamgerens ) that bears wool, or has afl eece on. Lanigeros agitat e greges. Virg . Contra lamiger timens,Ph a d ., speak ing of the lamb. I t is only sa id of the an imal that p rodaces wool.
1474. Lani/icus. Lanar ius.
LAN IFICUS , (lanamfaci ens ) thatworks in wool. Lanifica sor ores ,
Mart . , The Par cce . Ars lanifica. Ovid — LANAR IUS , a wool-merchant
, one that deals ia wool. Fullo, aurif‘
ex , lanar ius. Plaut.
1 475. Languere. Languescere. .Ma reere. lll arcescere. Torpere.Torpescer e.
LANGUERE , to languish , to be‘
feeble or fa int. Cum langueremus
avia. Cic. Corpora languebant morb o . Virg .— LANGUESCERE, to
‘
grow langu id, feeblg orf a in t. Flos succisas aratro languescit mori ens. Virg . Figura tively Omn ium rerum cup id o languescit. Cic.
Languesceb ind ustr ia . Tac .— MARCERE
, to droop , to p ine, to wither.Marcere luxur ia etvino . Liv. Marcere ab annis . Ovid .
CERE, to gr ow droop ing or withering . Marcescere des id iaet otio .
Cic.— Tones ns , to be numbed, or benumbed. Cessatione t orpore»
C ic. Duroque simillima sax o torp et. Ovid . Figuratively Vox et
sp iritus to rpe t . Liv. Si consilia tua torp ent , mea seque t e . l d .
To nPESCERE; to grow torp id or benumbed. Memb ra torpescunt gelu.
Sen. fi guratively : Ingen ium incultu et socordiatorpescere s inunt.Sall.
1 476. Languor . Veter nus. 7'
arpar. Torpedo.
LANGUOR, lang‘
UOr , f aintness , a languidness. H a c ambulati o mead languorem dedi t. Ter . N ih il magis cavendum est senectuti ,quam ne languori se d edat . Cic. Aquosas languor, Hor . , The dropsy, a distemper creating languor .— VETERNUS , lethargy , a drowsy d isease that takes away the use of a ll our senses,and often p roves morta l .N t
‘
im eum'veternus aut aqua intercus tenet Plaut., Is he ill of a letha rgy or a dropsy Figura tively : Veternus civitatem occupat. Cic.
‘
N ee to rp ere d ill passus sua regnaveterno . Virg . Plautus has saidvetemum of the neuter gender .
— TORPOR , numbness . Tutantur se
t o rp ore torped ines. Cic. Figura tively : Pigro . mentis t orp ore op
p ressus . Fi rm. Torp or denotes an actua l numbness . and TORPEDO ,(wh ich properly s ignifies a cr amp j ish ) a habi tual state (J numbness.Tanta torp ed o animos Opp ressit. Sal l.
LAPIDBUS , of stone, made cf stone. Lap idons murus. Liv.'
La
pideo imbri p luit . Id .
"
Figurat ively : Lapid eus sum, Plaut., I stand
l ike a ~ statue, Lean'
neither st i r hand nor fmt.— LAP IDOSUs,-
fi ll ofstones, stony .
. Ager lapid osus ; Ovid . Loea incultacoma. 1d . I t is sometimes used in the sense of lapideus.
grandinis ictus.~ C lauda
1 478 . Lap is. Saz um. S ilex . Cautes. Calculus . Cos .
LAPI S i s the g enerical word, a nd signifies all sorts of stones. Mod icilapides qui fund zi mitt i possunt. Liv. Ej icere aliquem lapidibus .
C ic.— SAxUM is sa id in general of hard stones . Circumlita musco
saxa. V i rg. t en we wish to exp ress the la rg eness of a stone, without consid er in the
‘
har dness of it, saxum, and not lap is, is the p roperword. E s uncé saxum in oj us crura incidit. Cic. I n afigur ativesense , lap is is sa id of a stup id person . Tu, in uam,
muli e r, qua'me
omnino lap idem, non h ominemputas . Ter .
<
gaxum is very p rop erlyusedfigurative! to exp ress a ha rd heart— S l u m, afl in t-s tone. Durus_silex . Ovi V i rg il has used it in th e f eminine gend er. Stabmacuta s ilex p ra cisis und ique SaxiS .
- CAUTES , a ragged rock, a cragor clifl
“. Indevelut muro solidaque caute repulsa est. Ovid . Dun s
genuit te cautibus h orrens Caucasus. V i rg. Saxum, silex, and cau
generosity . Fruges terra cummax imalargitate fundit . Cic. V eh e
mens in utramque partem es, aut largitate n imia , aut parcimonia.
Ter . Ut augere etiam poss imus largitatem tui muner is . Cic. Lar
g itas h umanita tis est, largitio ambitionis . G. D .
1482. La rva . Persona .
LARVA , such as we cons ider it h ere, isa mask wherew ith to cover theface. Nil illi larva, aut tragicis Opus esse coth urnis. H on— Panso
NA , a p erson or character m a p lay , a p ersonage. H ero ica p ersona ,
Medea et Atreus . Cic. Cerea p ersona. Lucret Veh ementem et
a erem p ers onam.quammih i tempus et Respublica imp osui t, j amvo
luntas et natura ipsa d etrax it. Cic. Tue ri p ersonam magistratus .
Id . Personam tragicam forte viderat vulp es : 6 quanta sp eci es, iaquit ; ce reb rum non h ab et. Ph a d.
1 483. Lascivia . Petulantia.
LASC IV IA , a lascivious action or dispos ition , tending to licentiousness, wantonness , frol icsomeness. More j uvenumqui militiam in lasc iviamvertunt, Tac., As young men do, who turn a mil ita ry life into al ife rf licentiousness. Dum lasciviam nobil ium qua r it, Ter. Whilsth e a ims at shar ing the p leasures Qf
‘
the gr eat. Per lasciviam coutumaces, Just. , lVantonly disobedient. Ach ivi itaab Ili o p rofecti sunt ,ut p rofectione la t i pisciumlasciviam intuerentur , Cic . , The sp ortive~ness of thefis h — PETULA \ T IA , (f romp etere ) petulance, unruly and
h eadstrong violence of the passions (ythe mind, abus iveness i n words ordeeds . I taque nec acti o re rum illarum ap ertapetulantia vacat. Cic.
Quibus l iberos conj ugesque suas integras ab i stius petulantia con
s ervare non licitum est . Id . Ex h ac parte pudor pugnat , il linc petulantia. Id . H omin is fur o rem et petulantiam fregi . 1d .
1484 . Lascivas. Dissolutus.
La scrvus, 1 .f rolicsome, sportive . Mal o me Galatea p etit lasciva'
puella. V irg. Tenero lascivior h a do , Ovid , Moref risky than a
oung goat. 2. Las civious, lewd lustful . Lascivia carmina. Ovid.
asc1vissima pictu1 a . Suet.— D I S SOLUTUS , (d iversim solvere ) prop erly , loosed, taken asunder on a ll sides. Dissolutum ofi
'
end i navi
g ium,vel pod us d issipatum. Cic. Figuratively . 1 . Base. Nee d is
solutum a te quicquam h omines exp ectant, nec crudele . Cic. Dis
solutum p rodiga l. Ad olescens perd itus
et dissolutas . Cic. Dissolutus m re fami liari . Cic. D issolutior 1i
beralitas. Id . 3 . Clearedfrom dissolved . a ue urbani tate tota est
invi dia cr iminis disso luta. Quint . Cr iminibus omn ibus d issolutis.
Cic. , Having clea red h imselffr om a ll accusa tions. In eum dissolutas ,Cic., Mild towa rds h im,
too indulgent and kind to h im.
1 485. La tens . La tebrosus .
LATENS , h idden. Saxa latentia. Virg . Rem latentem explicat e .C ic.
— LATEBROSUS , full of h id ing-p laces, fi t to lurk and lie close In .
Latebrosus locus ad tegead os equites . Liv. V ia latebrosa . Cic .La
teb rosa saxa , Ovid. , Rocks with lur king p laces . Latentia saxa, VirgH idd en rocks.
1486 . La ter . Camen tum.
LATER , a brick, a tile. Urbs é latere confecta. C ic.— Cautus
3
TUM, rough stones or p ieces of stones fit for building . Nee erat d iffie ile murum subruere, quod ca menta non ealee durata erant, sed interlita luto , structura anti qua genere. Liv.
1 487. Late' re. Delitescere.
LATERE, to be hid or concealed. Latere in tenebr is. Cic. Latetabd itus agro . H or . Latuit ad bane a tatem, Cic., He has been nu
known tilt th is time to lurk , to sculk, to abscond. Uted mitteremus amicos qui d eliteseerent. Cic. Bestia in cubilibusd eliteseunt. Id . Figura tively : Deliteseere in auctor itate alicuj us.
Cic. Sub Tr ibunitiaumbraconsularemvirum d elituisse, Liv., Thatone who had been Consul should have had recourse to the p rotection ofa Tribune.
1 488 . Latibulum. Latebra.
LATIBULUM, and LATEBRA, (f rom latere ) a h iding -place, a p laceto h ide in, seem to d ifi
‘
er in th is, tha t thef ormer exp resses a deeperp laceof recess. Feta latibulis se tegunt. Cie. Cervus nemorosis exeituslatibulis. Ph a d . Ego autem volo aliquod emere latibulum, perfu
g ium doloris mei. Cie. Nee ubi n otis sib i latebris d eliteseerent latrones. Liv. Inter vepres in latebr is ferarum noetem unam d elituit.C ic. Latebra isvery properly used in a figura tive sense. Latebras
susp icionum peragrare. Cic. Latebram qua rere p erjuri o . Plaut.
Latebra in an imis, Cic., Themost secret recesses af our souls.
1 489 . Latrare . Elatr are.
LATRARE, to bark , to yelp. Can es qu i et latrare et mordere possunt. Cic. Figura tively Latrant en im jam qu idem oratores, non lo
quuntur . Cic. A Ph ilippo interrogatus qu id latraret, furem sevidisse r espond it. l d .
— ELATRARE , to bark vigorously , is only used inthefigura tive sense. Sit mih i p rima fides, et vere quod placet ut nonacriter elatrem. H or .
1490. La tus. Spatiosus . Laxus. Prolixas.
LATUS , larg'e, extens ive , speaking qf a place. Lata via. Cic. La
tummare . Id . Figuratively ela ted, exa lted . Er igimur , latiores fierividemur , h umana d espicirnus. Cic.
— SPAT I o sus, grea t, large, of longduration , speaking of times and bodies. Tollens spatiosam cornibus
altis frontem. Ovid . Parva mecat mersu spatiosumvip era taurum.
Id . Nox Spatiosa. Id . Nee vos tallat spatiosa vetustas. Id .— LAx
US , loose, slack , unbent, unstra igh tened. Laxa tun ica. Ovi d . Laxus
male cal eeus h a re t. H or . Laxa et amplae sedes. Cic. Laxus areus.
Virg. Figuratively Dies satis laxa, Cic .
, A time long enough grantedfor payment. Urb i cum pace lax ior ann ona red iit, Liv. , The returnof peace made provis ions more p lentiful. Lax iores opes, Mart ., Greatwealth — Pnomxus, over- long, prolix . Prolixa barba . Virg . Figu
r a tively Natura p rolixa et benefiea . Cie. An imo lubenti p rolixoveal iquid facere . Id . Prolixior in Pompeium,
Id ., Toomuch attachedto Pompey .
1 49 1 Lavare.“
Abluer e.
LAVARE, (f romnew, lavare ) to bathe, to w ish . (Lavas and lavisare both used.) Dum lavamus, Ter ., Wh ilstwe are in the bath . Qu1
Xanth o slavis amn e crimes. Hoe. Figuratively : Lavare peccatumsuum preeibus. Tew - ABLUERE, to clean, to cleanse . Ulyssi pedesabluas . Cic. Ablutus est squalor. Q. Curt. Figura tively Abluere
perj ur ium, Ovid., To blot out a perj ury . Abluere perfida verba. Id .
Membra lavamus, ut ab luantur so rdes . G
1 492. Laud abilis. Laudand us. Laudativus .
LAUDABILI S, commendable, pra ise-worthy , laudable. Laudabilecarmen; H or .,
~ A-
gaad poem. . Honestum quo d veré dicimus , etimns ia nullo laudetur , laudabi le est sua natura. Cic. Voluptas nee me110 1-em efiieit, nee laudabilio
'
remvirum. Id . Nee quicquam s inevirtute laudab ile . Id — LAUDA~NDUS , that1 ought to, or must, be p ressed.
Ph ilosoph ia est rerum laudand arum p r ocreatrix . Cic.— LAUD 11 'r l
VUS , of or belong ing to pra ise. Laudativum genb s, Quint ., The demonstrative kind Qf oratory . Laudativa pars r h etorices . l d .
14931 Laudabiliter . Laudate.
LAUDAB I LITER, commendably, i n a manner deserving pra ise. Laudabiliter vivere , Cic. To l ive tn a manner deserving praise — LAU
DATE, with pra ise . Laudate vivere , Cic., To l ive so as to get pr a ised.N on obest mih i turp is et noeens , sed h onestiss imé et laudatissiméactavita. Id . Ut laudatévivamus, nulla eer tior via, quam si lauda
biliter vivamus. G. D .
1494 . Lauda re. D ilaud are. Collauda re. Prced ica re.
LAUDARE, to p ra ise, to speak h ighly of one, to name one with henour and a sort of admi ra tion . Teque et ' istam rationem otii
laudo et p rob o . C ie. Pr op ter virtutern jure laudamur . Id .
'
Ah
vereor c‘
o ram in 0 8 te laudare amplifis, ne id assentandi causa facereexistimes. Ter .
— D 1LAUDARE, (diversim'laudare ) to extol, t
mend gr eatly every where. Libri 'quos tu dilaudas. Cic.— GOLLAU
DARE, (laudare cum) to pra ise wi th others, to cry one up : Ab omnibus collaudat i . Cic. End em die Bruti factum collaud avistis. Id .
Ciceronem pro ojus merito collaudat. Ca s.— P1uemeAnE, topublish
or proclaim'a th ing . either good or bad , but rather a good ‘one. Dé seipso gloriosius
‘
pra dicare turpe est. Cic.
‘ S i mibi ’ inimico,ut p ra
dicas, tuo conflare vis invid iasm- Id . Qui d ego ej us-
t ibi faeiem pra a
dieem aut laudem? Teri Pra d icamusmt - res s unt ; laudamus ex
tollend ou G. D .
’
Linnaeus, of bays -or o laurels . Laurea co rona, Liv., A gar land ybays . Laurea sorta -Ovi d., M onths of lam le— LAUREA
’
T US , adorna
ed with laurel: Laureata -legiones1 -Liv. Laureati slictores. Cic.
Laureata l itt era , Id ., Letters bound up w ith bay-
'
leaves i n token ofvictory obta ined aga inst the enemy, sent by the Roman genera l to the
senaM— La unms a , that produces laurel, tha r is crowned w ith laurel .Laurifera tellus z Liv. t bus laur ifen. Ovid. Laur ifera juventaiLucan .
1 496: Laurus . Lauren.
LAURUS, the laurel, or bay-tree. Inter odoratunr lauri nemus .
V irg: It is used f or a crown of laurel. Sed ineurrit h aze nostra
350
ulvis impositus lecto. Id . It al so s ignifies the protuberancemuscles , in man or beast. Luxur iatque toris animosum p ectusspeaking Qf the horse. O pecto ra ! 6 lacer torum tor i ! Cic. , speaking of H ercules in h is f ury .
— GRABATUS , a small bed to rest on in
theMernoon. Deos immor tales concursare omn ium non modo lectos, ver 1
‘
1m e tiam grabatos. Cic. Sed si nec focus est, nud i nec
sp onda grabati . Mart .
1500 . Legare . Allegare. Delega re.
LEGARE, to send as a deputy or l ieutenant. It is generally sa id ofpubl ic afia irs . Legantur in Africamaj ores natu, amplis h onoribususi. Sall. Caesar Cassium s ib i legavit, Cic., Ce sa r named Cass iusj or h is l ieutenant. I t a lso s ignifies to bequeath , or leave bywill . In
veniet nih il sib i legatum, p raeter plorare . H or . Coronam testamentoRomano p opulo legavit . Plin . I t s ignifies moreover , to impute, to attr ibute . Adversa casibus incer tis b ell i et fortuna: legare . Liv.
— AL
L EGARE , ( legare ad ) to depute or commission onefor a p r iva te bus iness .
Petit ame Rabonius, et amicos allegat , facile impetrat. Cic. Ali umist i rei allegabo . Plaut. In the f ollowing example the dif
'
erence is wellpo inted out : Quanta iste cup id itate , quibus allegationibus illam s ib iIegationem expugnavit Cic.
— DELEGARE, ( legare de ) to delegate.to give charge g
”
. Delegare provinciam alien i . Cic. Hunc lab oremalteri de legavi . Id . It also signifies to send as ambassador . Decer
nunt, ut d uodecim d elegarentur . Liv. To a ttr ibute. Laus quam ad
me delegare vis . Cic. To intrust, to commit. For tunae l oci delegaverant spes suas . Liv.
Lega tio l ibera . Lega tio vot iva .
LEGAT IO L I BERA , an embassygot byf avour , in order that a sena tormigh t manage with greater authority h is own p r ivate ma tters in thecountry where he was permitted by the sena te to go . Negoti o rum su
o rum causalegatus est in Africam legatione libera. Cic. H abent
l iberae legationes d efinitum tempus lege Julia. Id . Tha t time wasj ive years.
—LEGAT 1 0 vo r rva , where one was granted the title of an
ambassador, in order themore honourably to perf orm a vow that h e had
made. Th is embassy was l i kewise l ibera . Legatio l ib era causavoti .Cic. Scr ibas ad me velim, simulque cogites qui d agendumn obis sitsup er legatione votiva. Id .
1502. Legem abrogare . Leg i deroga re. Leg i abrogare.antiqua re.
When the peop le refused thei r approba tion to a law , i lla lex ab rogabatur wh ich likewises s ignifi es , to abolish a law .
— DEROGA RE LEGI ,or DE LEGS , to take away some clause of a law . ( 311 111 d uae legesinter se d iscrepant , videndum est, num quae abrogatio , aut derogat io sit. Cic.
— Lea r. O BROGARE, to enact a law contra ry to a f ormerone, to rep ea l a law. H uic lcgi nec ob rogar i fas est , n eque derogareex hac al iqui d licet, n eque tota ab rogat i p otest . Cic. S emp e r antiquae leg i obrogat n ova . Liv.
— ANT 1QUARE LEGEM , to set a s id e a
l aw as having f a llen into disuse. I taqué h anc legem primus antiquoab rogoque : l annul th is law the fi rst, and move for the r epeaq it .
Derogatio strikes at a law, but indi rectly . Abrogatio is in direct opp os ition to the f ormer law .
35 1
1503. Legemf acere, condere, scr iber e, sciscer e, sancire, rogare, f erre,perf err e, incider e,figer e, p romulgare
'
.
LEGEM FACERE, to make a law . Legem anté factamvidimus, quamfuturam quisquam est susp icatus . Cic.
— LEGEM CONDERE, to com
p ose, to digest a law . Leges ad civium sal utem, civitatumque incolumitatem conditas sunt. Cic.
— LEGEM SCR I BBRE, to write a law , to
institute or establ ish it. Instituere civitates , scr ibere leges . Cic . S olonAth eniensibus leges scrip sit. Id .
— LEGEM SC I SCERE, to approve, tora t ify a law. Primum ostendit earn se sciscere legem, quam esse legem neget. Cic.
— LEGBM SANC I RE, (quas i sanctam redd ere ) whena law had been received ly the people, it was taken to the temp le of Saturn
,and then established, and as it were consecrated by rel ig ion . Leges
quas Senatus sancivit d e ambitu . Cic.— LEGEM ROGARE , to p ropose
to the peop le the acceptance of a law . Ut rogatalege legem ferret p rovin cia commutandae. Cic.
— FERRE LEGEM , I . To p ropose or presenta law . Lex fe rri cwpta nunquam p osita est in Senatu. Cic. 2 To
enact, to establ ish'
a law . Possum dicere M. Cottae legem de j ud iciis
p r ivatis ann o postquam lata s it a fratre ej us abrogatam. Cic.— PER
F ERRE LEGEM , to make or pass into a law Est utique j usvetand i,cum ea lex feratur , quandiunon perfer tur . Cic.
— LEGEM INC IDERE,to engrave a law . Legem in ass incidere . Cic. Incid ebantur j am domileges , quaenos nostr is servis ad diceren t . Id .
— LEGEM FIGERE , to postup, or set up a law publ icly i t wasfi rst engraved, and afterwa rds setup . Anton ius falsas leges in zes incid end as , et i 11 Cap itoli o figendascuravit . Cic.
— LEGEM PROMULGARE, (quas i p rovulgare) to publ isha law, to p rocla im it . Cato legem p romulgavit d e imp eri o Lentuliabrogando . Cic. I llae enim leges nulla p romulgatione latm sunt an
tequam scrip taz. Id .
1504 . Legem i rrogare a licui . Legem imp onere alicui .
LEGEM I RROGARE AL ICL' I , to p ropose a law aga inst somebody . Ve
tant d uodecim tabulae leges p r ivatis h ominibus irr ogar i . Cic .— LE
GEM IMPONERE AL IGUI , to impose a law upon somebody . Is leges civita ti pervim imp osuit . Cic. Imp onere n imis duras leges cuip iam. Id .
1 505. Legere. Recitare.
LEGERE , to read, to peruse with the eyes without utter ing anysound.
Scrip ta secum legere . Cic. Omnium bonarum artium scr ip tores et
doctores legend i et pervolvend i. l d .— REC ITARE, to read out a loud
that others may h ear . Litteras in S ematu recitare . Cic. Edictum t e
citare . Id . Scrip ta recitant in med ic foro . H or .
1506. Leg ia. Cahors. Man ipulas . Turma . Caterva . Phalanx .
LEG IO , a leg ion . A Roman leg ion w as a body of three thousand[botsoldiers, and a h undred horsemen, in the time of Romulus . Under theConsuls , it was composed of four thousand f oot, and two hundred horse.S i nce, i t genera lly included six thousandf oot, and th ree hundred h orse .Duas legi ones esse , eas repler i, ut sena millia ped itum, et trecentosequ ites h aberent. Liv. Supplere leg i ones , l d .
, To recruit the leg ions.
Decimare legionem, Id . , To punish every tenth man of d leg ion .- Co
HORS , a reg iment offoot in a leg ion its numberm” men was the tenthp art Qf a leg ion. Ut saepé ingent i b ello cum longa coh ortes exp licuit
legio. V i rg .~
Ex quibus d uabus legionibus non amplius quatuord ecimcoh ortes contrah ere p otn i . Cic. I t also s ignifies the retinue, tra in, orcompany of servants a ttending upon anynobleman. Quae cob oss, quicomitatus fuerit meministis . Cic. Percontare ut placeat j uveni, utque coh orti. H or . Figuratively Coh ors febr ium. H or .
-MAN IPU
LUS proper ly s ign ifi es a sheaf . Multfi stipulafilicumquemaniplis ste rne re h umum. Virg. A company of soldiers under one capta in has beencalled manipulus, because under Romulus the standard was a bundle ofhayfixed a t the end of a pole or p ihe . Pertica susp ensos portabatl onga man iplos , unde maniplar is n omina miles h abe t. Ovid. Disj ect ique duces, d esolatique manipli. Virg. Man ipulus, says Vegel ius ,vocabatur contubernium decem tantummodomilitum sub uno pap il i one d egentium, quod conj un
'
ctis manibus d imicarent. -TURMA , a
troop , a company of horsemen, th i rty in number . Turma equestr is. Cic.
“
N ih il tib i ex ista laude centuri o , n ih il p raefectus, n ih il coh ors , n ih ilturma d ecerpit. l d .
— CATERVA , (a Celticword thatproperly exp ressedthe divisions of the a rmies of ancient Gaul ) troops in genera l. Fugiuntequitum turmas, ped itumque catervae. H or . It is sa id c/
‘
c tra in and
retinue, or of a ny other concourse of people . Test ium catervee . Cic.
Magnacomitante caterva. ’Virg .—PHALANX , a phalanx ,
a battalionin the Macedon ian a rmies . It was composed (f six teen thousand men.
Th is number has sometimes been a ltered. Ph alangemvocan t ped itumstab ile agmen ;virvi ro , armis arma c onferta sunt : ad nutummonent is intent i sequi sigma, o rdines se rvare d id icerunt . Q. Curt . Caesa r
g ives the name iq h alanx to some of the troops of th e Germans and ofthe Gauls . Ge rman i ex suaconsue tudin e phalange factfi, perfr ingereh os tium ph alangem cmperunt . Cass. Ph alanx was facta, wh en the soldiers had put themselves into so close an order, that their sh ields touchedone another.
1507. Leg it imus. Legalis .
LEGIT IM US , (f rom lex ) lawful, agreeable to the law . ZEtas legit ima ad Consulatum petend um, Cic. , The age pr escr ibed by law for
putting upf or the Consulsh ip . Po ema legitimum, Hor . , A poem wri tten according to the laws and rules of poetry . Imp edimentum legitimum. Cic.
— LEGAL I S , legal, belong ing to the law. Legale genus
quaestionum. Quint. Legales qumstiones . 1d .
1508 . Legumen . Olus.
LEGUMEN , (f rom leger e ) all manner of pulse, aspease, beans , &c.
H oc enim legumen et caetera quin velluntur é tet raneque subsecantur quae quod ita leguntur , legumina dicta. .Col. spea king ofch ick-pease. Und é p rifis laetum siliqufiqfiassante legumen sustu
l eris. Virg.— C LUS
, (f rom olesoere, to grow?any ga rden herbs for
food. Emptum nec modicacaenare t imes 0 us omne patella. Hor.
Uncta satis p ingui ponentur oluscula lardo . Id .
1509 . l en ire. Mitiga re. Mulcere. Placare. Sedare .’
LEN IRE (f romIenis ) rela tes in its proper sense to thef ee/ing or touching q/
‘
a th ing , to ma ke smooth . Cfim truncum recid eris, truncam le
n ito . Col. It is much more commonly used in afigurative sense. Qudillammih i lenirentmiserism. Ter . Len itur ae itud o. Cic. Lenit al
b eseems an imos cap illus. Hor . Lenire tigres. d .-MIT I GARE, f rom
anneal l
Agreeableness in the manner of conversing — SAL, prop erly salt. Sal ,et al ia gula irr itamenta. Mult i modi i salis s imul ed end i, ut amicitia munus expletum sit . Cic. Figura tively (mostly used in the plur al ) prettyj ests, words of an ingen ious and del ica te ra illery . Urbanisales. Cic. Sale et facetiis Ca sar vicit omnes . Id . Salibusveh emens,Juv. , Strong in ingen ious repartees .
— FACET I .ZE, facetiousness , either inwords or deeds . Quod faceted icitur , id alias in re, alias in verb o h abe re facetias . Cic. Sal d icend i et facetia . Id . Superabat sale facet ii
zque omnes Scip i o . Id . Facetiarum lepos, Id . , W itty and agreeable
j O es .
1514. Letham. Mar s. Nez .
LETH UM , (fromArjen, oblivi o ) death . Ali i ali o letko inter i ere. Liv.
It is more used in poetry than in p rose . N obile leth um. H or . Vivememor leth i. Pers . Dolor ac mo rbus, leth i fabricat or uterque. Ln
cret — Mo n s properly s ignifies the cessation of life, the sepa ration of thesoulf rom, the body . Discessum animi a co rp ore putant esse mo rtem.
Cic. Dissolutione, i d est, mo rte , sensus omnis extinguitur . Id . Morsest migratio in eas oras , quas qui é vitaexcesserunt incolunt . 1d .
NEK , a violent dea th , a slaugh ter . Insidiatori vex-6 et latt on i qua pot est afl
’
err i inj usta nex C l C . Multorum civium meces t ib i un i impun ita sunt. Id . Ovid usesmex to express a natural death . Neci s imiliss omnus.
1515. Levare. All eva re . Elevare. Subleva re. Extollere. Er igere .
LEVARE, to l if t, or hold up . Levare membra cub ito . Ovid . De
ca sp itavirgo se levat . 1d . Palmas ad ca lum lcvavit . Stat . F iguratively Levare atrocitatem re i , Cic., To dimin ish the a trocity of a
th ing . Levare suam auctoritatem inconstantia, Id . , To impa i r one‘
s
authori ty by inconstancy . Levare amicitias usus remiss i on e , Id .
, To
withd raw one’s self bydegreesf roman intimacy . ( levaread ) to lifl upwards. H omini in aquam lapso , atque ut allevareturo rant i . Quint. Frustra se allevare conatus . Q. Curt. Figura tivelyDictis a rumnam aliorum allevare . C ic. Allevor cum loquo r tecumabsens . Id . Caesar consulatu allevabatur
,Flor .
, Caesa r g rew haugh tyby h is Consulate.— ELEVARE, ( levare is) to l ift up f rom the ground.Cape dum hunc lap idem atque e leva. Plaut . Figuratively to debase,to undervalue. Th is word is bor rowed fr om a pa ir of sca les , the l ightera wh ich r ises upwards. Samnitum b ella extollit , elevat Etruscos.
iv. Qui facere qua non possunt,verb is elevant. Ph a d . S ince Plautus, we hardly everf ind elevare used bygood authors in themean ing ofto l if t up , but a lmost a lways to s ignify diminish ing , or under-valuing .
SUBLEVARE, to l ift up underneath , to heavef rom the ground. Atqueab iis sub levatus in murum ascend it . Ca s. Qui nos ad p edes stratosne sub levant quid em.
‘C ic. Figuratively V icinos facultat ibus sub
levare . Cic. N omin is novitatem d icend i gloriasublevab is . l d .— Ex
TOLLERE, to l ift up h igh . Altepugionem ex tollens. Cic . FigurativelyMeam for tunam d ep r imitis , vestram ex tollitis . Cic. Percussum ipsaRespub lica manibus suis extollit . l d .
— ER IGERE, ( regere. 6 ) to erect,to make upr igh t. Erigere scalas ad ma nia. Liv. Cum ca teras ani
mantes abj ecisset ad pastum, s olumh ominem erex it, et ad ca li conspectum excitavit . C ic. Figuratively Erige te ct confirma. Cic.
Erigere animum alicuj us . Id .
35
1516. Levatio . Levamentum. Levamen.
LEVATIO , p rop erly , the lifting up of a th ing , is only used in afigurul lac sense, and s igny
‘ies the act of a llevia ting pa in or sorrow, the r e
l id g iven . Qua levationem h abeant a gr itud inum. Cic. Cuj us p otent iamnemo sensit, n is i ant levatione per iculi, aut accessi one d ignitatis,Vell. Pat. , Whose power no one everfelt, but by the assistance he gavein danger, or by the ra is ing to some dignity .
— LEVAMENTUM and LE
V AMEN,the rel ief or assistance received. Levamentum miseriarum.
Cic. Cura casusque levamen . Virg. Levamento esse . Cic. Quod si
esset aliquod levamen, esset in te uno . Id .
1517. Less. Cond itio .
LEx , synonymous with conditi o , s ignifi es a rule, a clause. Al ia inh istor ia leges observanda , alia in poémate. C ic. Lege h z
‘
ic t ib iastringo meam fid em, Ter ., On that clause, &C .
—~ COND IT IO , from.
dare cum ) properly , the act of laying up together. Frugum condit iones. Cic. Figurat ively 1 . S ta te, condition. Commun itas condit ionis cum aliquo . C ic. Infimi generis h ominum condit i o atque fortuna. Id . Legum conditi o impend et . Id . E qua conditi one . 1d . Pro
in o r tali condit i onevita immor talitatem consecuti estis . Id . 2 . Clauseor condition. Eacondit i one daturum se dix it , si, &c. Cic. 3.Na ture.Agri conditi o . Cic. Loc i conditi o . Ovid . 4. A way or manner . Adde
quod l ittera nullaconditi one perferr i po tuerunt . Cic. Omnem con
d itionem imp erii tui d emonstravit Stator ius. Id .
151 8 . Libare. Gustare. Sapere.
L I BARE, ( f rom Aeifi'
w, to pour drop bydrop ) to touch but sligh tlyPurpureosque metunt flor es , et flumina libant summa leves (ap es )Virg . Pr imaque libato summo tend s attigit o re . 1d . Figura tivelyLibefre al iqu id ex omnibus d isciplinis . Cic. Oscula libavit nata .
Virg . Ex variis ingenus excellentissima libavimus . Cic.— GUSTARE ,
to taste, to sip . Gustare b erham. Cic. Gustare aquam. 1d . Exta
p ra gusto Deum, et matr onarum casta delibo o scula . Ph a d . Figuratively Gustar
'
e aliquod vita genus , Cic To make tria l of a pa r ticu
lar mode of l iving. Non gustarat illam tuam p h ilosoPh iam, Id . , has
the likemean ing . Nunquam gustaverat vita suavitates . 1d .— SAPERE,
to savour, to relish , to h ave the taste of. Non sequitur, ut ci non sapiat
p alatus. Cic. Mella b erh am earn sap iunt. Plin . Nolebant att ingere ,n isi 6 0 d ie cap tam p iscem, qui, ut aiunt, saperet ipsum mare . Sen .
Figuratively Qui sib i semitam non sapiunt , alteri monstrantviam.
Cic. Feliciter sap it , qui periculo ali en o sap it. Id . Ego remmeamsap i o . Plaut. Quod satis est sap io mih i . Pers .
151 9 . Libare . Litare. Sacr ifi car e. Per litare. Pa rentare.
As the pr iests in sacrifices tasted the (fi lter ing , L IBA RE is said Qf sacr ifi cing , or making libations . Ubi libare Diis d apes, ubi benep recar imos e sset . Liv. In mensa laticum libavit h onorem. Virg . Paterisaltar ia libant . Id . Wune pateras l ibare Jovi . Id .
-L1 TARE, to ofler a
complete sacrifice, wherein all s igns concur in showing tha t it is acceptable to the Gods
,to appease the Gods by sacrifices, to obta in what was
prayed for . Pluribus h ostiis oa sis , cum litare non p osset, introiit cur iam. Cic.
— SACRI F ICARE, (sacra facere ) to bea f org iveness of the
2 A 2
356
Gods by a sacrifice : instead of wh ich litare is to prop itiate them. S ih erculé istud nunquam factum est , tum me Jup iter faciat, ut sem
p er sacr ificem, n eque unquam litem. Plaut . Cum p luribus D iis immolatur , qui evenit ut litetur aliis , aliis non litetur ?Cic., IVhen sa
cr ifices are of er ed to severa l Gods, how does i t happen tha t some‘
ar e
appeased and oth ers not P— PERLI TARE rises above the idea of litare,and s ignifies to perform sacrifices p rosperously , with the most j oyfulomens . Primis h ostiis per litatum est, Liv.
, By the afier ing of thefi rstvictims, the wrath (f the Gods was tota lly appeased .
— PARENTARE,
( f rom parens ) p roperly, to perf orm the obser/uies or funereal r ites to
dead rentions i t is said of those whomwe consider as pa rents , a ch ief;our country , &c . Imperato r ibus parentare . Cic. Litemus igitur Lentulo , parentemus Ceth ego , tanquam patria parenti . Cic . Th is sentence is i ron ica l .
1520 . Liber. Volumen . Libellas .
LI B ER, pr operly , the inner bark or r ind of a tree, used instead ofp aper by the ancien ts to write on . Cummor iens altaliber aret in ulmo .Virg. Liber, sa id of a book , s ignifies a treatise, a work written . Libe rd e contemnendamorte . Cic. Mittam t ibi librum de gloria. I
cero calls h is ora tions aga inst Verres and Catiline libros. I isdem ex
l ibris, says he, persp icies et qua gesser im, et qua d ixer im. L iber isa lso sa id of a whole written work. D ica arch i librumaccep i . Cic. The
wor k of D ica archus conta ined th ree books on the soul.— VOLUMEN ,fromvolvere ) any rolling orf olding . Versat s inuosa volumina ser
p ens. Virg. The ancients rolled up thei r booksf or themore easy ca rrying of them. Referre ep istolas in quinquevolumina. C ic. Volumenwas generally distingu ished by the s iz e, a nd lib er bythe contents. Nunc
quoniam sat is h uj usvoluminis magn itudo crevit, couimod ius crit inal tero l ibro de ca teris rebus d einceps exponere. Cic. Volumen isa lso sa id (Ja par t of a work , (f a book . Ovid calls each book cf h is Metatamorph oses volumen . Sunt mih i mutata ter quinque vo lumina forma .
— L1BELLUS ( diminutive of liber ) is sa id of a little book, such as
a letter, a memoria l , &c. Ph a d ri libellos legere si d esid eras . Ph a d .
Att icus libellum composuit , cum mih i dedit, ut darem Ca sari Casar autem rescrip sit a qua eum p ostulare . Cic.
1521 . Liberé. Licenter .
LIB ERE,f reely . at one’
s p leasure, without constra int . Loqui liberé.
Cic. Vivere liberé . Id . Tellus omnia liberius nullo poscente fereb at. Virg .
— LI CENT ER , l ice ntiously , overf reely, with toomuch libertyand l icentiousness . Idem tam licenter facere Flacco indignumvisume st. Liv. Solutum quid d am sit, nec vagum tamen, ut ingred i libe re,non ut licenter videatur errare . Cic.
1522. L ibere. Libera liter .
L i nens , synonymous with l iberaliter , genteelly , obl ig ingly . Liberéeducat i ad o lescentuli , Ter . , Young men very well brough t up . Liberéfacere , non aspere. C ic.
— LIBERA LITER , 1 . Like a gentteman. Liber aliter ed ucatus . C ic. Liberaliter se oblectat e . Ter . 2. Liberally,p rof usely . Liberaliter ex istis cibar iis tractati. Cic. Cui tanta pos
sess io sit, ut ad liberalitervivendum facilecontentus sit. Id . Largel iberaliterque a stimare. Id .
suas libid ines coh ibuisset. Cic. Lateant ej us Iib id ines illae teneb ricosaz quas fronte et sup ercili o , non pudore et temperantiz
‘
t conte
gebet . 1d .
1527. Libra . Libramentum. Libr arnen . Statera . Trutina .
L I B RA , properly , 0 weight of a pound . Cui satis una farris libraforet .H or . It is said of a ba lance or pa ir of scales to weigh with . Jus ta
p ari p remitur cum pondere libra, p r ona nec h éc p lus parte sedet ,nec surgit ab illa. Ovid .
— LIBRAMI NTUM, and LI BRAMEN , a counterpoise, what puts in motion or action, wha t keeps in a sta te Qf libration . Huic spiculo,
ad lib ramen parmaz tres , ut sagitt is solent , circumdabantur . Liv. Libramen ta p1umb i, COL, A p lummet, a levelf orbricklayers, &c. Libramenta tormento rum, Tac. , The thongs or cordswherewith war - eng in es were put in motion and action.— STATERA ,(f rom stare ) a steel-ya rd, a kind of balance. Quiz mm ar tific is sta
t e ra, sed quadam p opular i trutinz‘
x examinantur . Cic.— TRUT I NA
,
(f rom r pbr at , a h ole ) prop erly , the hole in wh ich the tongue of the sca lesmoves . Neve examen imp robum inmacastiges trutiné . Pers. I t is
girtera lly used to expr ess a pa i r Qf scales . Trut inapensantur eadem.
or.1528 . Libra rins . Scr tba.
L I B RA RIUS , (f romliber, a book) a book-cop ier, a transcriber : booleswere wri tten with the hand before th e invention of pr inting . Peto a teut quam celerr imé mih i l ibrarius mittatur,maxime quidem Graecus,qui mih i exscribat Hypomnemata. C ic. I t is said qf a secreta ry . Leg ilitteras non tuas , sed librarii tui. Cic. Seneca has made useof it to exp ress a bookseller .
— SCR IBA , a scr ibe, a secretary ,a book—keeper , a
town cler iz , Fossem d c s ingulis ad te rebus scr ibere , si scriba meusad esset. C ic. Eum h abuit ad manum scr ibas loco , quad multaapudG raios h onor ificentius est , quam apud Romanos . C . Nep . Scribe.publicus, Cic. , A notary publ ic.
1599 . Libum. Libamentum. Libamen. Libatio.
LIBUM, a cake-composed of’
honey, mea l , and coil : it was mad e useofin sacr ifices . Liba De o fiunt, quia d ulcibus idem gaud ct, et aBacchomella repertaf erun t. Ovid . Calenti libo smella in fusa .
‘
1d . Adoreal iba per h erbam subyciunt epulis . Virg .
— LIBAN EN TUM, and (withthe poets ) LI BAMEN , libations , drink- offerings in sacr ifices . Ut sacr ificio rum libamenta serventur . Cic. Et summas carpens media inbercornua se tas, ignibus imp osu it sacris libumina p rim , Virg , The
p r ies t, bif ore h e slew the sacrifice, pulled of ha irs f rom between the
beast'
s horns , and th rew them into thefi r e.—LxBAT 10 , themaking of
l iba tions . Tui sacend otii sunt tense ;curricula, Jud i, libationes , epu
lazque lud orum publicor um. Cic. Ovid derives these word sf r omLibe r,a name q acchus. N omine ab auc to ris ducunt lzbamina n omen.
1530. Licere. Licer i . Licita r i .
LICERE, to be set up a t a pr icef or wh ich it is to be sold. De Drus ib o t tis quant i licuissc tu scr ib is , i d ego quoquema lierum. Cic. Parvocum p ra tio d in licerent.Mart.— LIGER I , to qfi
'
er the pr ice/“
or a th ing .
Qui contra se liceatur emptor non apponit. Cic. Jocos r id iculos
vendo, agite, licemini . Plaut. Liceri dig ito, C ic., To qfi'
er a price, by
359
holding up afi nger .—LI C I TAR I frequen la l ive of licer i ) denotesmore
action. Et cum arma h abeatis , licitamin i h ostium cap ita . Q . Curt.
1531 . Licet. Fas est.
L ICET is pr operly said of what is conformable to the law ; and PA S ,
ofwh at is conf ormable to na ture. Clod ium n ih il d electat , quod aut
per naturam tas sit, aut per leges liceat. Cic. L icere id d icimus ,quod legibus, qu od moremajo rum institutisque conced itur , Id . Fac
tus es filius contra fas , cujus per eetatem poteras esse pater . Id .
1532. Licet. Libet.
LICET , (synonymous with libet ) it is lawf ul, it is permitted. Pec
care nemini licet . C ic . Licebit t ib i esse b ono vi ro . l d .— LI BET
, it
p leases, it con ten ts . Non l ibet mih i deplorare vitam, quod multi fecerunt. Cic. Cui facilepersuas i ne licere qu idem, non modo non li
bere . Id . Quad l ibet, id l icet h is , et quod l icet, id sat is aud ea t. Ovid .
1533. Ligare . Vincir e.
LI GARE , to tie up , to tief a st with any th ing . Crines ligare . Tibul .
Sc issaque ap ectore vestevulnera saes a ligat . Ovid . Vincire vulneraw oul d not be so proper . Figura tively Ligare pacta . Prop ert . Ligarelegibus . S tat. —V I NC IRE, to bind in cha ins, to fasten wi th cha ins .
Vincire catenis. Ovid . Figuratively Legibusvincit e . Cic. Locumvincire p reesidns. 1d . L igatur quid piam, ut sit astrictius ; vincitur ,ne d efiuat , ex cidat, elabatur . G. D .
1534. Linquer e. Relinquere. Der elinquer e. Deser er e. Destituer e.
LI NQUERE , to leave, or quit , Linquens terram eam, quam se rvaverat . Cic. Fortuna p otentes domos in imica. linquit . H on— REM ) :
QUERE, ( retro linquere ) to leave beh ind . Mih i turpe rel inqui est.H or . Relinquere-azs al ienum, Cic. , To die involved in debt. Relin
quere in medi o , 1 d To leave undetermined — DERELINQUERE, to
abandon , to f or sahe utterly . Communem causam d erelinquere. Cic.
—DESERBRE, fr om d e and sere re , to tie up togeth er, to set in order'
)p roperly, to untie , to brea k the cha in, to desert. Desererevi tam. H or .
Omn es n ot i me atque amic i d eserunt . Ter . Deserere exp resses lessthan d erelinquere. Sitientem me vi rtutis tuae d eseruisti ac d ereli
guisti . Cic. Agros d eser unt, totas arationes d erelinquunt . l d .— DE
ST ITUERE, (statuere d c) to leave destitute, to aband on . Et fr eta d estituunt nudos in l ittore p isces. Virg . Ne sorti qu idem fortunasn ostras d estituit . Cic . It also sign ifi es tof a il, to disappoint orf rustrate.N on me d estituit an imus, sed vi res . Ph aed . Laomedon d est ituit Deosmercede pacta. H o r . Destitue ra spem alicuj us . Liv.
1535. Liqua re . Liqutfacer e.
L I QUARE and LIQUEFACERE , to melt, to thaw, to make l iqui d.
Liquatae solis ardore excid unt guttm. Cic . Mella liquata expr ess isfavis . Ovid . Vina liques, H or . , Cla rify your wine . lEra liquefacta.
Cic. G lacies calore liquefacta . 1d . I t is p roper to observe that l iquefacere is of ten used in a figura tive sense, and li quare never . Quemnullae la titize exultantes languid is liquefaciunt volup tatibus. Cic.
Liguant would be bad Latin.
1536 . Liquescere. Mollescere.
LIQUESCERE, tomelt, as war , metal, snow , &c. , do ; togr ow l iquid.
Cera liquescit igni . Virg. Figuratively V olup tate cum liquescimus,
fluimusque mollitia. Cic. Si mea perpetuis liquescant p ectora curis.
Ovid .-MOLLESCERE, frommollis ) to g row sof t, to grow gentle.
Tentatum mollescit ebur. Ovid. Mollescunt colla j uvencis. Gatul.
Figuratively Arribas ingenuis pectoramollescunt, asper itasque fu
git. Ovid .
1537. Liquet. Consta t. Stat.
LI QUET , it is clear, it is manifest or evident. Gum i d (16 quo Panat io non li quet , reliquis luce clarins esse videatur. Cic. Non q uet,Id ., It does not appear a f orm used when the j ury brought in theirverdict Ign oramus , and the bus iness was put of to another h ear ing — CON
S TAT ,‘ (stat cum) it is cons tant and well known it is the result if a
number (f p roqs and sufi‘
rages. Persp icuurn est, constatque inte r omnes . Cic . Constat d e facto . Qu inn— STAT , ( impersona lly, ) it is r e
solved upon. Stat casus renovare omnes. Virg. Nos in As iam con
ver temus, neque adhuc stat quo p o tissimum, sed sci es. Cic. Stat
mih i vivere in studi o litterarum, modo constet inter litteratos facturumme op erae p retium. G. D .
1538 . Liquidus. Purus. I llimis.
LIQUIDUS , l iquid,fluid. Liquidum plumbum. Hor . Liqu id i fontes.
V i rg. Figuratively : Li quidavox , H or . , A clearvoice. Liquid s. voluptas , C ic. , A pure p leasure . G enus sermonis liqu id um, 1d ., A p la inand clear manner of speaking .
—PURUS , p ure, clean, unpolluted. Aqua
pura. H o r . Pura ch arta, Ulp . , Clean paper. Pura atque integramens . Cic . Judicium purum p ostulare , Id ., To demand a pla in and
openj udgement. Quidquid inde h aurias , p urum liquid umque sit . Id .
Purus moreover s ignifies, unmixed, without the addit ion of any th ing .
Furz‘i juven is qui nititur h asta, Virg . , A sp ea r- stafi'
without an i ronhead . Puro ut p ossent concur rere camp o , l d ., An openfi eld wi thouteither trees or bushes . Toga pura , Plin A p la in gown , without gaydeco ra tion , in oppos ition to t oga p raetex ta. I taque illi excussis de liciis ( i . e . avuls is emblematibus ) cum argento puro d omum reversisunt . C ic.
— ILLIMI S , ( s ine l imo ) without mud . Fons erat illimis nitid is argenteus undis. Ovid.
1539 . Liquor. l atex. Saccus.
LI QUOR , l iquor , a l iquid and fl uid substance. But sus abundabat
fia idus liquor. Virg. Vmgenus liquor,Lucret., It e. Liquores perlucid i amnium. C ic.
— LATEX , (f rom latere ) all manner of l iquorsqueez ed out Pallad ius latex , Ovid ., Oil Latex Lywus, Virg . , ”Zine.Latex absynth i . Ovi d .
— Saccus , (quas i sugus,f rom sugere ) j uice,a liquor tha t isf orced out of mea t, pla nts, h erbs , &c. Et succus pe
cori , et lac subd ucitur agn is. Virg. Corpus solidum et succi p lenum.
Ter. Succus b erbee. Ovid . Succus arbor is. Plin. Figura tively : Suc
cus orationis , Cic . , The energy of a discourse. Amisimus omnemsuccum et sanguinem civitat is, Id ., lVe have lost all the streng th and
vigour of the republ ic.
d eclivityof . the ground border ing a r iver, wh ich generally is coveredwi th g reen turj l Omn ium r iparumvestitus vir id issimi. Cic. Littus,says Basil ius Faber , is understood if theground a long wh ich the wa tersflow ; and Ripe of the lands tha t riseabove it, so as not to be coveredwi th water . Examp les j ustify the above distinction . Oras ad Eurumsequent ibus n ih il memo rab ile occurrit ; vasta omn ia, vast is p rmcisamontibus, r ipae potius suut qua
‘
xm littora. Pomp . Mela. Campoque'
recep tae liber io ris aquw p ro t ip is littora pulsant . Ovid . Littus and
R ipa ar e sa id both of th e sea and of r ivers . Timebam l ittas insular.Cic. In littore fiumiu is Bur otte . Id . Ad quamd ammagn i fiuminisripam. Id . E quor is n igri fi
'
emitum, et trementes verbere ripas. Hor .
Gramma r iarzs observe that ripa is particularly sa id of r ivers , and
li ttus , of ths sea .
1547 . Lituus . Tuba . Cornu. Buccina . Classicum.
L I TUUS , a clar ion, a crooked trumpet f or cavalry ) much like our
French horn . Multos castra juvant, et '
lituo tubae p ermix tus sonitus.H OI
’
.— TUBA , (f rom tubus ) p roperly a trumpet, a stra igh t instrument
$for inf antry ) mad e of brass, wood, or hor n. Clangorque tubarum.
Irg .—~CO RNU, a cornet, a kind of trumpet so called because it was
made a t fi rst of horn ( cornu ) ; al though ' it was afl erwards made ofbrass , it r eta ined its or ig inal name . Rauco strepuerunt cornua cantu.
Virg . —BUCC INA , (f rom bucca ) a curved instrument , s imi la r to, butsmal ler than, our French h orn . Cava buccina sumitur illi tortilis inlutum, qua turb ine crescit ab imo . Ovid..
— CLA SS IC UM (f rom clas
s is ) is properly the sound or blast of the trumpet to ca ll men togethe r .
V ocatis class ico ad concionem militibus . Liv. Rap té tubs} ingent iSp iritu elassicum exorsus, pra tend it ad alteram ripam. Gws. I t is
also sai d of th e trumpet itself ; as Servius afi i rms . N ecdum etiamau
diceren t. iufi ar i classica. Virg.
1548 . Li tuus . Sceptrum.
Ln uus (synonymous with sceptrum) is the augur’
s crooked stafl;wher ewi th he used in h iswj ice to quarter the h eaven . Romuli lituus,i d est incu
’
rvum et leviter 51 summo inflexum bacillum. Cic. IpseQ uir inali lituo, parvéque sedebat succinctus trab ea. Virg. Qui d lituus iste veste r, quod clar issinmm est ins igne auguratus
? Cic.
SCEP'I‘
RUM, w i n/r pm, f r om anrfirrw, to lean on ) a pasince‘
s or king’
s
scep tre, themark of r oya/ty or sovereign power . It is sa id of tha t poweri tself : Ante e tiam scep trumD icta i reg is . Virg . Celsa sade t ZEolusa rce , seeptsa tenens. 1d . Sic nos in seep tsa repouis Id . Er. tua
Dard an iis transcr ibi sceptra colon is patiere. Id .
1549 . Loca re . Conducere. Elocar e. Locitare.
LOCARE, (f rom locus ) p rop erly, to ar e, to set or lay. Fundameuta locaut ali i . Virg . Figura tively neficium locare apud gratos . Liv. Locat e filiam. Ter. Locare relates a lso to cou ducere ; it
then signifies , to let out [or rent, to bargain fo r the doing or making of
a th ing . Xenomis Mencui, mob iliss imi h omin is, fundus erat co lonolocatus. C ic. Locfirat Opus f aci endum max imal p ecunia. l d .
— CON
DUC ERE, ( d ucere cum) to conduct or bring along into the same p lace.Quos ex Aquiban iz
‘
i cond uxerat. Czes . C onducere coh o rtes dispersasin una castra. Tac. C onducere, relating to locat e, s ignifi es to h ire,
to'
under tahe to do a th ing at a p rice. Coelius coud ux it d omum in palat io . Cic . Redemptor qui columnam illam coud uxerat faciendam.
I d . Conductapater tellure serebat . Virg . Possessor Ioeat opus facieudum ; redemp to r cond ucit. G D .
— ELOCA RE , to remove, to putout of p lace. Quam Ch ara Judmorum gens Diis immor talibus essetd ocuit, quod est vis ta, quod elocata, quad servata. Cic.
‘ I t also signifies , to let to h i re. Fund um elocatum esse d icebat. C ic.
-Locx
TARE , (f requenta tive of locat e ) to let to f arm, to lease out. Locitavit ips i agros. Ter . Paulum ag elli quod locitas foras . Id .
1550 . Locul i. t’
li’
a rsupium. Cr umena .
LOCUL I , (diminutive cy” locus ) a purse, a l ittle cofler , because there
were in th em small partitions for the several coins. Demittere nummum in loculos. H os . Locul is quos custod itur ebur nis gemma. Juv.Suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto . H or . Th is must be understoodcyca purse wherein young men put thei r counters.
-MA RSUM UM , a
purse or bag to put monez in . Po tius marsup ium domini ex inaniuntquam rep leut . Varr . i enterare marsup ium. Plaut. Proper ly, top ull out the guts (y a purse, i . e . to empty it - CRUMENA , a h ind ofsportsman
’
s pouch, a l ag of lea ther u-orn a l out the neck, in whi ch peop le
put their money . H ie istam colioca crumenam in 0 0 110 . Pinut. Et.
mundus victus, non d eficiente crumena. H os.
1551 . Long i’
. Prosa l. Eminus.
LONG E , far/r oar , denotes a d etermined d is tance, e ither of place orif time. Longea n ari rus ehest . Cic . Lougé s ervet vestigia con
j ux , Virg wh ich last sentence cannot be understood of. a very greatd is tance, but of one rela tive to Ci rcumstances. Longé prco sp iftere futuros casus Reip ubiicze . C ic.
— PROCUL somet imes s ignifies far of .
N on pr ocul, sed h ic sum. Cic . Pr ocul est, ut cred ere p oss ie. Ln
cret. Sometimes it stand s f or p res or p ro o culis : then it s ignifies a
s ituation opposi te , a position j actng or over - a a inst, w ithout any rega rdto a g reat or small d i stance Postero d ie Iii
/
e r seuss egiam ing ressus,
p erturbaxo vultu in conspectu p at
r is pr ocui astitit, Liv. , They wereconver sing logel lter .
— EM I NUS , (quas i 5menu ) afa r afl; but a t a cer
ta in distance , as , j br example, with in the r each of an a rrow . Nee
emin izs h astis, out cominus glad iis uterentur . C ic. S ic quo tidieutriu
que eminus fundis, sagittis, reliquisque telis pugnabatur . C12 3. It
would be improp er to sayemiml s obviamp rogr ed i : but longé obviamp rogred i is the p rop er exp ression .
1552. Long itado . Long inquitas .
LON G ITUDO , length Qf time or place. Non Iongitud o itiner is te
tardavit. C ic. Immensitas Iatitud inum,longitud inum, altitud inum.
I d . Noc tis longitud o . Id . Longitud o o r ation is . i d .-LONGI NQU I
TA s,distance or remoteness of p lace ; long continuance and lastingness
of time. (2116 p ropte r longinquitatem tard issimé omnia p erferuntur .
Cic. N ih il est quod non longj nquitas tempor is efficere p ossit. Id .
N imla longiuqui tate Iocorum commover i. l d . Nondum ex longin
quitete graviss imi morb i rccreatus est . Id .
1553. Longulus. Longiusculas.
LONGULUS , (diminutive of longus ) somewh at long . Longulum
sane iter, et via inepta. Cic.— LONG IUSCULU S , (diminutive of Ion
gior ) somewhat longer. Altermsvera bus longlusculis esse , Cic., Tobe composed of h exameter and pentameterverses .
1554 . Longus. Longinquus.
LONGUS , long, is sa id of last ingness and extent. Nox longa quibuss omn i est pars nulla. H or . Breve tempus aetatis satis longum videtur ad bené beatéquevivend um. Cic. Longae naves. Liv. Epi
stola longissima. Cic.— LONG INQUU S generally denotes a far ' d istant
situation. Arva l ong inqua. Virg. Exterus h ostis atque longinquus .
Cic. Speaking of lastingness, it expresses a t ime longer than longusdoes. Longinquo morb o est imped itus . Liv. Longinqua oppugnati o . Ca s.
1555. Laanar . Garrulus. Verbosa s.
LOQUAX , a loquacious person; a talkative one. Ad olescentibus paulo
loquacior ibus est serviend um. Cic. Senectus natura loquacior . Cic.
Figuratively : Loquaces lymph a , Ovid ., Purling waters. Ranee lo
quaces, Virg. , Cracking f rogs . Loquax ep istola. Cic. Loquacesvent i . Lucret. (f romgarrire ) twitter ing, ch irp ing, asbi rds . H i rund o garrula. Virg. Spea k ing (
if persons, it signifies gabbling , a chatterer . Percontatorem fugito , nam garrulus i dem est .
H or . Figuratively Garrula infantiee discipl ina, Cic., The pra ttl ingof ch ildren . Rivus garrulus, Ovid. , A par ting or murmur ing stream.
— V ERBO SUS , verbose, f ull of words . H abes epistolamverbosioremfor tassé quamvoles . C ic. Verb osa simulatio p rud entiae. Id . Legesverbom . Ovid . Loquax loquaci obloqui s olet ; garrulus commissatacere nequit ; verbosus pauca mult is l oquitur . G . D .
1556. Loquela . Locutio . Loquacitas .
LOQUELA , the language, what is sa id in speaking . Fallax loquela.Cic. Fud it h as o re loquelas. Virg. Suaves ex ore loquelas funde .Lucret . - LOCUT IO , a speak ing , the act of speak ing . Locuti o recta,emendata, Lat ina. Cic. G rzeca locut i o . l d .
— LOQUAC I TA S , much
talk ing . Loquacitati ignosces. Cic. Facit non loquacitas mea. sed
benevolentia longio res epistolas. Id . Accii loquacxtas h abet aliquidargutiarum. Id .
1557. Loqui a l iqu id. Loan i de aliqud re.
LOQU I AL IQU ID , to say someth ing . Haud igno ta loquor . Virg.
Seepifisque ista loquemur inter nos. Cic.— LOQUI D E AL IQUA RE ,
to spea k of or about someth ing . Nulla vid ebatur aptior p ersona, quaed e illaes tate loqueretur . Cic .
1558 . Loqui c liquem. Loan i cum aliquo. Loqui alicui .
Loom ALIQUBM, to name , to mention somebody . Quas mulieres,quos tu parasitos q ue ris Plaut.— LOQU I CUM ALIQUO , to la l/corconverse with one. Cum Cur ione veh emente r locutus est. C ic.
LOQUI ALIGUI , to speak f or , or aga inst, some one. Pergin’
h ero absenti malé loqui , impur issimé Ter. I t a lso signifies to saysometh ingto somebody . Loquere mih i n omen tuum. Plaut.
366
locitate ad cursam, al i i vir ibus ad luctandumval ent. Cic. Fulvaluctantur arena. Virg . Figura tively Non luctabor tecum, Crasse ,amp lius, C ic., [w ill not contend any longer with you. Que luctant,em an imam nexosque resolvere i artus. Virg.
— CONTENDERE, (ten
dere cum) synonymous w i th luctar i, to labour, to str ivevery much .
Qui stadium curr it, n iti et contendere debet utvincat . Cic. I t alsos ignifies to figh t. Equest r i p re lio contendere . Ca s . FigurativelyC ontra vim morb i contendere . Cic. Somet imes it exp resses to com~
pa re . Leges Opor tet contendere , consid erando utra lex ad maj o resper tineat. Cic. N emo nostros annales cum eorum scr ip tura con
tend er it. Tac.
1 564 . l uctatio. Luctamen.
LUCTAT IO ,a wrestl ing . Cursus, pugillatio , luctatio . Cic. Figu
r atively: Causa, in qua tib i cum D i o d oro valente d ialectico magmaluctatio est . Cic. Tetra ibi luctatio erat, ut a lub ricaglacie non
recip i ente vestigium. Liv. -LUCTAMEN is a p oetica l exp ression, neverused but in the gur a tive sense ; struggl ing , res istance. Remo ut luctamen abesset, Virg.
, So that no resistance should imp ede the motionof the oa rs .
1565. Luctuosas. Lugabr is.
LUCTUO SUS , (f rom luctus ) sad , d ole/at, lamentable. Victoria cruenta atque luctuosa. Cic. Luctuosum est tradi alteri cum b onisluctuosius, in imico . l d .
— LUGUBR I S , lugubrious , express ing gr ief andmourn ing. Cantus lugubres . H o r . Lugubr is ornatus . Cic. Carmenet rebus, et verb is, et modis lugubre . Id .
1 566 . Lud er e. l ud ificar i .
LUDERE, to play . Lud ere par imp ar . H or . Lud ere tesser is. Cic.
Figura tively . to mock. Vanni spe lusit amantem. Virg . La de i ed olis . Ter . Eumque lus i j ocosesat is. C ic.
— LUD I FICAR I and LvD IFICARE, (lud um facere ) to chouse, to cheat, to dupe . c sam Romanum impune lud ificabatur . Tac . Ap erte al iquem lud ificar i . C i c.Pacis moraConsulem lud ificabat . Sall . Lud ificar i locationem, Liv.,
Not to fulfill a bargazn made.
1 567 . Ludibriam. ,Lud ifi ca l io.
LUD IBRIUM , ( from ludere ) a laugh ing - stock , a mockery . l lle h aec
ludibria for tunae ne sua quid em putavit, quze nos app ellamus e tiamb ona. Cic . Ludib ri o crunt minae Tribun i . l d .
— LUD IFICA T IO , the
act of deceiving , of ch ea ting . Ne n ih il actnm censerct , exactapr opeaestate per lud iticationem h ostis. Liv. Ignari ludificationis. Id .
1568 . l ues. San ies. Tcibu rn . Tabes. Pas.
LUES, from luere ) corrupt ion . Miscrandaque ven i t arbor ibus
que satisque lues. Virg. G ravem populis luem sparsura p estis . Sen.
'
I'
rag . Figura tively Ut eos ludos h eec lues impura pollueret. C ic.
— SAN I ES , matter coming out of a putrefied sor e, corrupt or fi lthyblood . San ie taboque fluentes. V i rg . Stillantis tab i sani es . Lucan.
- TABUM , corrup t black gore, f oul blood . Turp i d ilapsa cad averatab o . Virg. Atro flucntia ora tab o . l d .
— Tu ms , a poison that undermines, corrodes , and consumes. Lentil tabe liquitur . Ovid . JEgri
tudo h ab et tabem, cruciatum, &c. Cic. Figuratively Tubes ple
367
rosque civium amimos invaSerat. Sall . Tabes fori pecuniam advocat is fert, Ter ., The love of go ing to law fi lls up the la wyer
’
s pocket.Fluentem tabem liquescentis nivis ingred iebantur . Liv. In the aboveexample, tab es is taken f or the thing i tself dissolved. San i es
, saysCelsus, varie crassa e t glutin osa et colorata : pus crassissimum, alb id issimumque , glatinosius san i e . San i es est inter utr amque tempusvulner is recentis, aut j am sanescentis ; pus ex ulcere j am ad san itatem spectante. Movere p us , Cels. , To cause th e evacua tion of pus .
—PUs , in Horace, is fi gura tively used to express the poison cy‘
backbiting and slander . San i es ater sanguis ; tabum, l iquo r putr idus .
1569 . Lumbi. Renes .
LUMB I , loins, the inf erior part of the back, composed Qf f iveverte
brce , and of thefl eshf a stened to th em. Lumb orum t enus. Cic. Lum
bos infr ingere . H or . Mala nauta que caput lumbosque salignofuste dolat. Id . RENES , ( f rom pew, fine ) the reins, intestines, thech ief use of wh ich is to receive and fi lter the serosit ies of the bloodpassing into the bladder. Humores qui ex ren ibasvesicaque p rofunduntur . C ic. E ren ibus laborare. Id . It is sa id of th e lower end Qf theback - bone and adj o in ing parts. Cdm latus aut renes morb o tentanturacuto . H or .
1570. Lumen. Lax . Juba r.
Although lumen and lux seem sometimes used indiscriminately, in
general it may be sa id that lumen is the cause or, or what g ives the
l igh t. Wh en we say Bring me a l igh t, we mean tha t a l igh ted candleshall be brough t to us. Phaedrus
,af ter saying Dum qua runt lumen,
adds luce rna allata simul aspex it filium. V irg i l li kewise Urit od oratam n octurna ad lumina ced rum ; in wh ich case lucem w ould beimprop er . The same remark stands good in the figura tive sense Mia
j orum nobilitas lumen est , qu od virtutes etvi tia illustrat. Sall. Luxw ould not be proper. V os in tant is tenebr is er ror is et inscient ia cla
r issirnum lumen pra tulistis men ti mea . Cic. Ordo memoria lumenafl
'
ert . Id . Lux lumenque vi ta rati o , Id . , Reason is the ornamentand l ight of lif e. 8 0 1 et Inna, d uo lamina mundi . Id . Mor ientia
lumina, Ovid . , Dying eyes, wh ich is sa id poet ically .— LUx , l igh t, d ay
ligh t. Ha c scr ipsi anté lucem. C ic . Luce, non teneb r is. Id . Lu .
men and lumin e would not be so well . Centesima lux est h a c ab in
terit‘
u Clod ii, et , Op inor , altera . Id . V i rg il says nearly in the samesense : V ix lumine quarto Italiam p rosp ex i. And Ci cero : Si te lnmine secundo ofiend ero . Luce would however present another sense.Lux
, in afigura tive sense s ign ifi es splendour, g lory . Tantam un iuso h ominis incred ib ilis ac divina virtus tam b revi tempore lacem affer reReipublica potuit C ic . H a c urbs lux orb is terrarum. Id . Lumenwou/d present another sense . Servius says , In lumine est splendo r,sed cum fumo ; in luce , solus splendo r l ut th is is an unfounded distinction .
—JUBAR , (f rom juba, becausemanesol quasi radiorum j ub zicinctus est ) br igh tness, radiation . It p ortis j ubat e exorto Troj anaj uventus. Virg. Ab a quoreis n itid um jubar exer it undis
’
lucifer.Ovid . I t is only used in poetry.
1571 . Luminosas . Izucidus. Perlucidus . Luctf erus.
LUMINOSUS , luminous, full cf l ight. Tum sunt max imeluminosa
et quas i actuosa partes d ua orationis, Cic. , wh ich is a metapho rdrawn f rom the ar t of pa inting , in wh ich lumen is in oppos ition to
umb ra.— Lucmus , clear , brigh t, g litter ing. Domus lucid ior , Ovid.
,
A house provided with p lenty of l igh t. Lucida gemma , Id ., A spa rk ling precious stone. Lucida s idera. H or . Figura tively . Luciduso rd o . H o r .— PERLUC IDUS , ( lucidus per ) diapha nous , transpa rent.Membrana oculorum p erlucida . Cic. I t is also ta ken for valdelucid us. Stella illustr is et p erlucida. Cic. Figuratively : Arcani fid esp rodiga perlucid io r vitro . H on— Lucms i ws , lacem ferens ) thatbrings l igh t. Lucifer os cum Dea jangit equos. vid Denaque luciferos luna monebat equos. Id .
1 572. Lunar is . Lunatus .
LUNAR I S , of or perta in ing to the moon. Lunar is cursus . Cic.
Equ i lunares. OVId .— LUN‘ATUS , made l ike the crescen t of the moon.
Fa minea exultant lunatis agmina peltis. Virg. Juvenci nondumlunatafronte , S tat . , Young bulls that have not yetgot horns . Caudalunata d elph inoruru. Sen .
1573. Lup inus . Lupatus.
LUPI NUS , O‘f a wolf. Quem inauratum in Cap itoli o parvum at
que lactentem uber ibus lupinis inh iantem fuiss e meministis. Cic
LUPA TU S , armed with wolf’
s teeth , in the form of the teeth of a wolf ,bridled with a sha rp bit. Gallica nec lupatis temperet ora fra nis.
H or .
1574. La ridas. Lividus . Pa ll idus.
LUR IDUS , uncommonly pa le, ghastly . Pallo r lur id us. Ovid . Pellelurida amicta ossa. H OI
'
.— LI V IDUS , (f rom liveo ) lwid , black and
blue owing to bruises . O ra livi da facta digitis. Ovi d . Livida gestatarmis brach ia. H or . Figura tively envious , sp iteful. Lividus et mord ax . H or . Obliviones l ivida . Id .
— PALL IDUS , p a le, wan. Pallid io r
cera. Ovid. O ra pallida fame . Virg. Aurora pallida. Id .
1575. I ustra lis . Lustr icus.
LUSTRALIS , (f rom lustrare ) used in pur ifica tions, ezpiatory. Aqualustralis, Ovid. , Lustral water , used by the H eathens before th ey en
tered th eir temples, a nd wh ich was sprinkled over the assembly . Lus
trale sacrificium, Liv. , 1 7 purg ing socrg’
fice — Lus rmcus , of purification, purifying . Lustricus dies, Suet . , The daywhen ch ildren ofthe Heathenswere named, and in wh ich pur ify i ng sacrifices were offered.
Ej usdem futura infelicitatis s ignum evid ens die lustr ico apparuit .
Cic. Amongst Ch ristians aqua lustralis may be sa id of the holy water ;and lustricus dies may be called th e ch r istening day.
1576 . Lustrum. Olymp ias.
LUs '
r RUM was a space of five yea rs, (f rom lustrare , to review) because every fif th year the censors made the review of the a rmy , and
numbered the p eople . It a lso was a ceremony of purga ti on of th e cityby sacrifices every fifth yea r . Ut qui p rima n ovo signal: qumquennialustro . Mart. Octavum lustrum, H o r . , A space of f orty yea rs.
Omnes Centuria et Equites in GampumMartium convocat i, sue,
ove , tauro oa sis immolabant, quod lustrum est (Forum : sicque a
sacr ificio i llo census obtinuit nomen. Lisa— Om ni u m , an Olymp iad,
158 1 . Macellum. Forum. Emporium. Velabrum.
IVIACELLUM, a market-p lace where a ll sorts of ea tables a re sold. Ad
macellum ubi advenimus, concurrunt laet i mi obviam cuped inarii
omnes , fartores, coqui , p iscatores, aucupes . Ter . An; . ona in mac ello cara . C ic .
— FORUM , (f r om ferre ) a ma rket-place where all sortsof commodities a r e sold . Forum boar ium. Liv. Forum rerumvenalium to tius regn i max imé celebratum. Sall.— EMPOR IUM , (f rom.
e’
pfl roPe'
w, to trafi i c) a place of commerce , i s especia lly sa id of a port ortown resorted to by mercha nts . Cum per emp orium Putealanorumi ter facerem. Cic. Th eSpiensium emp orium. Liv.— V ELABRU .\1 was
a low p lace i n Rome, nea r mount Aven tine. I t was la id under waterwhen the Til er overflowed ; in wh ich ca se carriages were necessary tocross the p lace whence it got the name of velabrum, a diminutive ofvehiculum, f romveh ere . It was fi lled with shops and booths for thesa le of oils , perfumes , &c. Quasi mvelab ro olear ii. Plaut. Quavelabra suo stagnabant flumine. Propert . Ta rquin put an end to thoseinunda tions by means of well- a rched subterra neous conduits . Othersder ive velabrum f romvelum, because the shops erected there were cc
vered with sa il cloth . Cumvelabro omne macellumman e dowumveniant. H or .
Mach ina . Al ach inatio.
MACH INA , (f rom (h exa ne, a mach ine ) a mach ine, any eng ine formoving , drawing , lifting, tra iling , da rting or sl ing ing a th ing . Co
lumnas mach ina app osi ta d ej eco
taz, eisdem lap id ibus repositae sunt.
C ic . Torquet nunc lap idem, nunc ingens mach ina t ignum. Hor .
Belli mach ina. Virg. Figura tively: Omnes adh ibebo mach inas adt enendum ad olescentem. Cic.
— MACH I NAT IO , the act of erectingmach ines . Cummach inati ons quad am ali qui d mover ivid eamus, utsphmram, h oras , &c. Cic . Impeusamagma eget in mach inationes etzt ormenta. Liv. F1gur a tively . a device, mach ination, or a rtifice . Quibusdam bestiis etiammach inatio quaedam atque soler tia data est, utin araneis, &c. Cic.
1583. Mactare. Immola re.
MACTARE, ( from magi s nuotare, frequenta tive of auge re ) pr op erly, to augment, to accumula te. Mactare
qaliquem h ouoribus , Cic .
To h eap h onours upon one. I t genera lly ssignifi es to sacrifice, becausewine and incense were put on th e h ead if the
e
victimp revious to its beingsla in. Mactant (le more bid entes. Virg. N onne h unc in vinculaduci , non ad mortem rap i , non summo supplici o mactar i imperabis
?
C ic. Mactare o rco , Liv. To ofler a sacr ij zce to Pluto . FigurativelyMactare a
l iquem ultioni et glor iaz. Tac.— IMMOLARE (f rommola )
does not sign ify to slay a victim , but to sp rinkle its head with barleyJ
‘lour and sa lt beflrre it was slaugh tered, wh ich was ca lled mola . Henceimmolare ts used to signy
‘
y slay ing . lmmolare h ostias . Cic. Immolare i s never used in a figura tive sense by good authors ; it would be,f or example, a ba rbarismto say immolare aliquem ultioni suae. G. D .
3
1584. Macte. Euge.
MACTE, (quas i magis'
.aucte ) cheer up5 I t
'
is a voca tive case.nMacte,
‘vir vi rtute esto . Cic. Macte an imi . 'Mai'
t.— EUGE , (ev'
ye)well and ood , well done. Eugé , corpulentior vid ére, atque agilior .
Plaut. éugé , j am lep idusvocor . Ter .
1585. Madere. Madescer e.
MADERE , to bewet, to be moist. Vela madent. Ovid . Madebant
p arietes. Cic . Figuratively Quanquam Socraticis madet sermon ibus . H or .
— MADESCERE , to g row wet or moist. Tellus madescit
nub ibus. Ovi d. Largis tum imbr ibus ora mad escunt . Claud.
1586 . Magis. Amplius. Plus.
These th ree words are equally comparat ives, denoting super ior itywi th th is d ifi
'
erence, tha t magis has a reference to the quality of things.
N ih il videtur nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans.
Cic. In the above example plus or amplius elegans would be improper.N ih il h uic addi p otest , quo magis virtus sit. Id . 0 tumagis i d diceres , si nuper in b o t tis Scip ionis ad fuisses. Id .
— AMPLIUS is used
in relation to duration, extent, and quantity . Noctem non ampliusunam falle dolo . Virg. Amplius aunt sex menses. Cic. Millibusamplius quingentis in longum patet . Id . Facite quodlibet ; daturasnon sum amp lius . Id . Magis would not d o in the above examples .
PLu s relates to number . Plus decem ancillas secum ad d ux it. Ter .
'
Nunquam Romae plus tr iduo fuit . Cic. Amplius would not be amiss‘
in the two f orego ing examp les . Plus is a lso emp loyed in the sense of' magis. Seepevirtuesp lus p roficit quam h umilitas. Cic. Cave putesh oc temp ore plus me quemquam cruciar i, quad , &c. Id .
1587. Magnificentia . Pomp a .
MAGN IFICENT IA , (f rommagnus and facere ) magnificence , g randeur. Magnificentia est rerum magnarum et excelsarum cum an imiamplaquadam et splendida p ropositione agitat i o atque admin istrat io . Cic. Magnificentia aed ium regiarum. Id . Magnificentia et
sumptus epularum. Id . Magn ificen tia verborum. l d .— POMPA ,
(f romnoumi, pomp ) a solemn s igh t or show . It is properly and esp ecia lly sa id of wha t is go ing on bywayof procession , as a f uneral process ion, a tr iumph , &c. S ocrates in p ompacummagma vis auri ar
gentique ferretur , quammulta non desidero , inquit. Cic. Sp ol iavtum exequiis et p ompa cadaver. 1d .
1588 . Magnitude. Amplitud o. .Maj estas.
MAGN ITUDO is sa id of any sort of g reatness. Magn itude mund i .Cic. Magnitud e saris alien i . Id . Magn itudo fructuum. Id . Mao
'
n itud o an imi. Id . Magn itudo tuorum e rgame mer itorum. Id . Odi imagn itudo . l d .
— AMPL I TUDO is particula rly sa id of extent. Amp l itudo mar ia. Cic. Amplitud o corporis.
‘
Plin . Amplitud o urb is. Id .
f iguratively Ampl itude est p otentiae aut maj estat is aut aliquarumr erum abundantia. Cic. In quo summa auctoritas est atque ampl itude . Id . N ominis amplitude , Id ., The sp lendour of h is name.MAJESTAS , maj esty , is sa id Qf what has in i tself someth ing noble andg rand. Maj estas loci . Liv. Maj estas j ud icum. Cic. Maj estas d ivinae
2 B 2
solertiae. Id . Sed neque parvum carmen maj estas recipit tua. Hor .
Maj estas,'
sa s Doletus, vulg'
o est omnis amp litude at dignitas velPr incip is,ve Imperatorum,vel Popul i, vel Senatus , transfer turquenonnunquam ad alia ; ri am et in oratione majestatemvocamus p rogravitate quadam gestus et oris constantia, ut apud Ciceronem.
Quanta illi fuit gravitas, quanta in oratione maj estas
1589 . Magnus . Ingens. Gr andis Amp las . Procerus. Vastus.
Enormzs .
MAGNUS exp resses in general any sort of g reatness. Magnus acervus . Cic. Magnum ingen ium. Id . Magnum agmen . V i rg. Magnus
amicus . Cic.— INGEN S r ises above the s ign ifi cation of magnus, and ex
p resses an extraordina ry greatness. Max ima ques vid it qu isque ingent ia fingit. Ovid . Magnas vero agere gratias mih i ? ingentes. Ter.Satis e rat, says Cicero, resp ondere magmas , ingentes inquit ; semperauget assentatio i d quod is, cujus ad voluntatem dicitur , vult essemagnum.
~ Corpus ingens expresses more than magnum co rpus . In
gens is a lso sa id cf the qualities of the sou ’ In th is mean ing Horacesays ingentem Antioch um; and Ovid, ingent i nuptamarito , sp eak ingof the emp erorAugus tus, who, as Suetonius says, erat staturabrevi .G RAND I S (f rom grad ior , to advance, or ascend ) is sa id of greatness,both in the proper andfigura tive sense. Grandempecuniam al icui cre
d ere . Cic. Patella grandis. Id . Grandis ad olescens. Id . G rand iscausidicus. Id . Grandiaverba. Id . G rande ferunt cum damn o d ed ecus. H or . From grandis orig inates our word g rand .
— AMPLUS is
sa id of extent. Civitas ampla. Cic. Th eatrum magn itudine ampliss imum. Cic. Figuratively : H omines ampli , Cic., Gr eat men , distin
guished by their merit or dignities.— Amp la familia, Id ., An i llus trious
f amily . Amplis h onor ibus aneti . Hon— Pnocaaus ,very h igh or tall,very long . Aln i procerae. Virg. Procer issima p 0pu1us . _Cic. Proceri
p assus, Lucret ., Long steps. Procer ior numerus, Cic. , A grea ternumber.— VASTUS , vas t, huge. Belluavasta et immanis . Cic. H iatu
vasto immanis spelunca. Virg. Vastus h omo, Cic.
, A g iant, a man ofan uncommon siz e. Vastus an imus, Sall., A mindvast in its
‘
des ires,extravagant in its des igns and hopes.
— ENORM 1 8 , (f romeand no rma)
gxceed inglygreat, enormous. Eno rmes gladi i. Tac. Enormes coloss1.tat.
1590. Maj or. Maj or natu. Grandis natu.
C icero uses simply maj orfor the eldest. Quem ego ut fratremmaj oremverebar . Cic. Bulbus maj or, et Balbus minor. Id .
— MAJORN ATU ,more advanced in years. Aliquot annis maj or natu, Cic.
, Old erby a f ew yea rs. Qui fuit maj o r natu quam Plautus . l d .
— GRAND I SNATU, very old . G randes natu matres occurrebant. Cic. Non ad
modumgrandis natu, sed tamen es tate p rovectior. Id .
MALIGNUS , (quas imalegenitus ) malignant. C oul ismalign is spectare. Ovid . Malngna insontem d eprimit susp icio . Ph azd . I t a lso signifies n iggardly , spar ing. In th is sense Vi rg il says colles malign i , hillsof small p roduce mahgna lux , a d im l igh t : and Martial, tepet ignemalign o h ic locus. It is opposed to benignus, l ibera l, abundant. Livysays in the like sense : In auro vero . quiamalignitas Why shouldthey be refused the use of gold 1’ Quintil ian says also : In laudand is d is
374
Jube re is not only an eap ression denoting authority it a lso exp ressesto advise, to exhort, to wish , in the following and the l ike exp ress ionsSalvum esse te j ubeo . Cic. Tum litteras recté sp erare j ubent. Id .
Salvere H egionem plur imum j ubeo, Ter ., Your servant, Hegio. Jub ere al ioni is f ar from elegant in Latin, a lthough Claudian has sa idGail is H ispan isque jubet .
—IMPERARE mor ef orcibly exp resses the ex
erczse cy'
authority to command as one having the mastery . Qui beneImperat, paruer it aliquando necesse est ; et quimodesteparet, videtur qui aliquando imperet digons esse . Cic. Imperavit frumentum,
et al ia qua: bella usui fo rent. Sall . Jubeo, cogo et imp ero . Ter . Inh oc negotio nulla tua
, n is i loquend i cura -est, h oc est, imperandi etmandandi . Cic. Onemay command one’s self : Imp eravimih imet assentarr omn ia . Ter .
— PR 1EC IPERE, ( cap ere p rae ) to takefi rst, eitherbejjore another, or bef ore the time . Praecip ias l icet gaudia, omnes teDu od erunt. Cic. Et spe j am p raecip it h ostem. Virg. I t signifies, tot each in the manner it ought to be done ; it imp l ies an instruction g ivenby a sup er io r . Praecip e Iugubres cantus , Melpomene . H or . I llud
potius p raecip iendum fuit, ut d iligentiam ad h iberemus . Cic .
1 596 . Mane. D iluculb.
MANE (f rom the obsolete manus, sweet to the eye, clea r, ) includesthe whole of the morn ing, in the morn ing . Benemane h eri scr ipsi.Cic. »Manetotum ster tis. H or . H od ié mane. Cic. A maneusquead vesperam. Plaut .— D ILUCULO , (f rom d ilucere, to begin to sh ine'zrough darkness) at break of d a very early in the morni ng . Cumantelucem surrex issem, veni di ucalo ad p ontem Tiretium. C ic.
1597. Manare. Remanere. Commorar i . Habitare.
MANERE, to ta rry in a place during the n igh t : the La tins called thep laces where one l ies upon a j ourney mansi ones. InMam
'
ur rh arum urbemanemus. had only been theref or one n ight. Mult is in locis
tectum quid em accipio , et in tabernaculo p lerumquemane o . Cic.
«fi guratively Manere in officio . Cic. H oc in causamaneat Id . Let
th is po int be irrevocably determined . Manere is used actively , in whichcase it s ign ifi es to wa itfor . Quem h ic manes ? Ter. Manet te gloria.
Virg .— REMANERE , ( retromanere ) to tarry beh ind, cyter . Ir qu1 p er
valetud inis causam remanserant. Car s . Figu ra tively : Remanent animi p ost mort em. Cic. Remanet amicus in rebus da t is — COMMORAR I , frommora ) to soj ourn ,
to be in a placef ar some time — H AB ITARE, to inhabit, to dwell f or a constancy . 1 ta d isced o tanquam ex
h osp itia , non tanquam ex domo commorand i en im natura d iversor ium n ob is , non h ab itand i ded i t. Cic. Figura t ively Mea rat i o haacin dicendo esse solet, ut bani quod h abet id amplectar , ex ornem, e)?aggerem, ib i commorer , ibi h ab item, ibi haeream. Cic.
1 598 . Mango. Venalitius .
MANGO , ( from ad'
yog, p raestigiator ) a buyer and seller of slaves,who pampered and pa inted th em to set th emof and sell them the dea rer.Mangan es sunt ui colorem fuco , etverum robur mam sagi namen
tiuntur . Quint . ulta fidemp romissa levant, ut plenu‘
rs aequo laudatvenales quivult extrudere merces . nemo h oc mangonum facerett ibi . H 0 r. —VENALI T IUS , (f romveni re, to be sold) one dealing i n
o fi-r
d c
slaves . D ivitiaz quibus omnes Africanos mult i venalitii , mercatoresque super z
‘
u'
unt. C1c.
1599 . 1Wanipular is. Manipular ius.
MAN IPULAms , (f romman ipulas ) m” th e same band, of the samecompany . Addo e tiammanipulat es ex legi on e alaud arum. C ic. Ma
n ipulares t res suos nactus, (Deses. , Having met with th ree of h is com
rades . Man ipulares j udices, Cic. Judges°
.cho sen out of the sold iers . I t
is said j igur a tively of pettyj ud UeS .— l\lAN IPULAR IUS , af ar belong ing
to o common sold ier . Caligula cognomen castrens i j oco trax it, quiaman ipular io h ab i ta inte 1 milites ed ucabatur . Suet .
1 600 . fidantile. lll appa .
Mantile, (frommanus and tela ) a hand towel . Dant man ibus fa
mul i lymph as . tonsisque i ernut mant111av1ll1s Virg. Accord ing to
Voss ius, in h is book of etymology, mantilia d ifler f rommappae in th is,that mantil ia , bes ides being used i n w zping the hands , were a lso usedf ortable- cloths, in wh ich la tter sense mantile seems employed byMartial.Mant ile é mensasur 1 ip it H ermogenes. Mart —MAPPA , a table napkin, was only used to w ip e the h and s , and never as a table Lloth . Ne 50 1
d ida mappa coxruget na1 es . H o1 . Risum compescere mappa. Id .
The mantile was provided by the master of the house but it was cus
tomary amongst the ancientsf or each of the guests to i ring wi th th emtheir mappa. Attulerat mappam n emo , dum furta timentur . Mart.
1 601 . Manubiae. Praed a . Spolium. Exuviae .
MANUBUE (f rommanus ) is sa id, 1 . Of the sp oils made upon the
enemy . Ex manubiarumvend itione . Cic . 2 . Of the moneyf or wh ichthe sp oilswere sold . Manubiae sunt non p raed a, sed p ecunia per Quass torem p opuli Roman i ex praedavendita contracta. G ell. Manub im,
understood qf spozls, d ifl'
er sf r omPREEDA in th is, th at theformer issa id g“
theefi'
ects takenf romtheenemy, insteaa’
ofwh ich p raedasignifi esa ll sort ofp illage and p lunder i n war by openf orce. Dub itamus quid i ste in h ost ium p raed a molitus sit, quimanubias tantas ex Metelli manubus sib ifecerit .
9 Cic . Quae ex p rmda autmanub iis est abs te d onatio constituta.
Id . Sp e pr eed ae ad duci . 1d . Max imos qumstus p rmd asque fecit. 1d .
SPOL IUM , spoil taken from the enemy , i s proper ly said of the armour .S i spoliorum causa vis h ominem ocu d ere. Cic. Spoliis laud abor Opi
mis. Virg. Op ima sp olia were the spoils wh ich a Roman general hadtaken from the general of the enemy , af ter having killed h im w ith h isown hand s in battle. Ea rite Op ima Sp ol ia h abentur , quae d ux ducid etrax it. Liv. Sp olia in fEde Jovis Feretrii p ropeRomul i sp olia,quae prima app ellata Op ima sola ea tempestate erant, cum solemn id ed icatione dono fixit . Liv. I t is taken in a mor e genera l sense Ali
o rumspoliis suas apes augexe . C1c.— Ex uv1m, (f romexue1 e ) spo ils
taken j r om an enemy Qui redit exuvias ind utus Ach illis. Vi1guvize leonis . 1d . Cu
ymh unc locumMaj ores nostri exuviis nauti cis, etclassium sp oli1s oxnatum 1 eliquisse11 t. Cic. Sp olia includes the accessory i dea of force, violence, or p illage, wh ich ex uvim d Ot S not.
1602. Manus. Palma . Pugnas .
MANUS , the hand . Nata i n dedit komin i manus aptas etmultaramartiummin istras. ClC.
-PALMA , thep almof the hand . Duabus pal
376
mis h austa aqua. Ovid . Is cum palamannuli ad palmam conve rterat , anullo Videbatur . Cic. It is sa id of a pa lm- tree. Agrestiumpaimarummultitudo in S icilia. I t was the token of victory . Plur imarum
palmarum h omo , Cic. , A man who has ga inedmanyvictor ies.— PUG
NUS , thef ist, the hand shut close. Comprimere digitas, pugnumquefacere . Cic. Pugnos ferre , Id s, To be cufibd .
g
1603. Ma re. E quor . Pontus. Pelagas. Fretum. Salum.
MARE , the sea , thatvast expanse of water wh ich covers a grgatof the earth . Terramat ique al iquemconquirere.Cic.
— } EQUOR , (fromaequus ) anypla in or level surface . Babylonii in camp orum patentiumaequoribus h ab itant. Liv. Quid tam planumvidetur, quammare ? ex
quo etiamaequor illud pae taevacant . Cic. Per ap ertavolans ( equus) ,ceu lib er habenis eequora. Virg. q uot a p ont i signa d abant . Id .
PONTUS , a god of the sea , older than Neptune. Pontus united h imselfto Tellus, h is mother, and becamefath er Qf N ereus. It is sa id of the sea .
Gurges p onti . Cic. Hyems asp e ra ponti . Virg. It is properly thepa rtex tendingf rom the Palus Masotides to the island of Tenedos. PontusEux inus. C ic.
— PELAGUS , the depth of the sea, the ma in sea . Pronap et it maria , et p elago d eour rit ap e rt o . Virg . Ut p elagas tenué rerates. l d .
—eFRETUM, (ab undarum fremitu ) streigh ts, a narrow sea
between two lands . Fretum, say theg rammarians, est mare naturaliter mob ile . Disj uncti freto ab Italia. Cic. Our English wordfi ithis der ivedf rom fretum.
— SALUM , (f rom sal, or aaxebw, to ag itate ) anag i tated sea . Nec tam aerumnoso navigassem salo . Cic. Spumantesalo fit sonitus. V i rg. Salum is also used to express salt water .
1 604. Margo. Ora. Crep ida.
MARC O , the brink or bank (f any water, the marg in in writing or
p rinting . In margine r ipae. Ovid. Margines lap ide i flomin is . Varr .
Juvena lmakes it oj'
thef eminine gender .
’
Plenaj ammargin e libri. Juv.
— ORA , a border , a coast, the sea -coast. Urbes quae in oraAsiae s itasunt. C. Nep . Infinitas regi ones, quarum nulla esset ora, nulla ex
tremitas, peragravit. Cic. O ra denotes a g reater extent than margo .
lVé say o ra togaa, the border of a gown, in wh ich case margo would beimprop er . Figura tively : Et mecum ingentes ore-s evolvite belli .Virg.,
i . e. the beg inning , p rogress, and end of the war . O ra is a lso sa id ofthe rope wh ich fizstens a. sh ip to the shore. Vix dum omn es conscend erant, cum ali i resolutis oris in anch oras eveh untur ; al i i , ne qu idteneat, anch oralia incid unt . Liv.— CREerno , the key or quay of a r iver , a creek-stone, or bank whereon the water beats. Crep id o urb is. Cic.
Crep ida partus. Q . Curt. Forté ratis , celsi conj uncta crep idine sax i ,expositis stabat scalis et p onte parato . Virg .
1 605. Mar inas . Ma ritimus .
MARINUS , (f rommare ) cf or belong ing to the sea . Astra quaemariais ter renisque h umoribus aluntur . Cic. Conch aemat inee . Ovid .
Fremitus mar inas . Virg.— MAM T IMUS , mar it ime, near or ad
'
oiningto the sea . Bellummen timum. Cic. Loci , h omines maritimi. I
’d . Im
perium mari timum. C . Nep. Marini et mar itimi aestus. C ic. Mar inus est ex ipso maxi ; mar 1t1mus vero est p rox imus maris. G. D .
1606. Masculus. Masculinus.
MASCULUS, ( frommas ) male,manly. Prolesmascula. Hor . Pede
378
161 1 . Mea re . Reciprocare.
MBARE, to pass, to pass aga in . Liberius meare Sp iritus cceperat.Q . Curt. Quacunquc meantes oflicimus. Lucr .— REC I PROCARE , toreturn a th ing to thesame placef romwhence it wa s taken . Recip rocumd icitur , says Va lla , quod eo redit, und é p rod iit. Sp iri tus reciprocatur , cum rursum resorbetur ; et unda a littore excussa, t a rsus littusalluens recip rocari d icitur . Et h oras recip rocantur , cum exp leto le
gitimo cursu, rursus ad p ristinum ord inem redeunt . Recip rocareanimam, Liv. , To breath e . Figura tively Ista sic r eciprocantur , ut,si d ivinatio s it, Dii s int, et 51D11 s int, d ivinatio sit. Cic. Meare is aneuterverb, and recip rocate an active one.
1 6 12. Ill ed er i . Medicare . Sanare.
MEDER I , (f romand“ ) to heal , to cu re or remedy . Cummorbo mederi alicui vis, consuetud o valent is et natura corp o ris cognoscendaest . Cic. I t is sa id of diseases, sores, and wounds . Medici qui morbis ,
quivulner ibus, qui oculis mederentur . Cic. Figura tively Inop iee
mederi , Cic., To relieve the distressed. Reipublicaz afflicts} : mederi , Id .
,
To apply remedies to the diseases of th e sla le.-M ED ICARE and MED I
CARI , properly , to mix or mingle some drugs or liquors. Semina vid iequidemmultos medicare serentes. Virg. Lana medicata fuco . 1d .
Medicare cap illos . Ovid. I t is sa id (f giving or apply ing any th ing in
order to cure . Medicando d olorem abstulit. Tibul. Sed non Dardaniaemedicar i cusp id is ictum evaluit . Virg .
— SANARE, to hea l or cure,speaking of wounds and sores . Citius repentinus tumo r oculo rum sa
natur, quam diuturna l ipp i tud o d epellitur . Cic. Figuratively Sa
nare vulnera Reipublicze . Cic.
16 13. Medicina . Med icamen . fi l edicamentum. Remedia ra .
MED IC I NA (f rom ca re ) is sa id both if the a r t of physic, and(Jthe remedy i tself . An men1cina ars non putand a est
? Cic. Imbecillior est medicina quammorbus . Cic. Fortis mgroti est acciperemedicinam. Id . Medicinam facere , Id To admin ister physic. Figu
r ative/q Pete re medicinam a litter is. Cic. Medicinam ad hibere
Reipublicac. l d .— MED ICAMEN , anymin ing or mixture .
V is medicamims, Tac., Th eviolence of a po isonous mixture. Ex templotrist imed icamine taetae d efluxé re comm. Ovid . V inolentis med icaminibuscuravi . Cic.
— MED ICAMENTUM, medicament. Medicamentaram sa
lutari am p lenissimze terrer . Cic. S i quis med icamentum cu iquam d ed er it ad aquam intercutem. Id . fi guratively Medicamenta doloris.
Cic. Med icamen tum is only sa id oj what heals bodily and menta l d zs
eases — REM ED IUM is sa id of any th ing tha t contr ibutes to the eas ingand a llevia ting of pa in. Comparare remedium adversus fi' igorunimagnitud incm. C ic. Med icamentum would not do in th is case . In
advers is fo rtun is s ine ullo remed io atque allevamento permanere. 1d .
S in e medicamento would be an awkwa rd expression. Med icamentum
is th e remedy that is mad e use of,a nd remedium the hea ling remedy. I t
migh t be saul, moreover , remed ium submovet immin entia ; med icamentum sanat non sana. G . D .
16 14. Al edietas. D imidiam. Medium.
MED I ETAS and Dimid ium, the hal/o/any th ing . Age r ex medie
379
tat e sublatus, Entrop ., They were stripp ed if one half cf their lands.
C icero hardly dares to make use of the word med ietas . Partes intervallis ita locabat, ut singulis essent b ina media, vix en im ande o dicere med ietates . Cic.
— D IMI D IUM is p roperly an adj ective. D imid iusmodius, Liv. , Half a bushel. Th er e is a lways a substantive understood.
Red emptor i tuo dimid iump‘
ecuniae curavi , Cic. , I havef orwa rded on ehalf of the money to the undertaker (f your works . D imidiumfacti quib eneca p it, h abet. I IOl
‘
.— MED I UM is li kewise an adj ective, themid st
or middle of a th ing . Medi o camp i . Liv. E medi o excedere, Ter ., To
d ie. Virtus est mediumvitiorum, et utr inque red uctum. H or .
1 615. Mediocris . Modicas .
MEDI OCRI S , (f rommedius ) tha t keeps themiddlewaybetween greatand small. Ad me scr ibas d e omn ibus min imis , max imis , medi ocribusque rebus. Cic. Ingen ium medi ocre . Id . Mediocris in dicendo .
l d .— MOD ICUS , ( f rommodus ) sma ll, modera te. Canth aris mod icis
p otare . H or . Sacellum modicum. Tac. Exercitationibus mod icis
utendum. Cic. Med iocr ibus would p resent quite a d ifiérent sense.Pecun ia mea est ad vulgi Op inionemmedi ocris, ad meammodica, adtuam nulla. Cic. M odica statura is the sma ll shap e of a man or an imal ; staturamed iocris, the midd le siz e of a man , neither too ta ll nor
too short.1616. Medias. Dimidia tus . D ividuus .
MED I US , that is in thevery middle, equally distantf rom both extr e
mitiei . Med ias dies, H o r The middle of the day, noon. Figur a t
Med ium ingen ium e rat in Anco , et Numae et Romul i memo t , Liv.,
Ancas-was of a temper nei ther so warli ke as Romulus’
s , nor so pacifica s tha t of Numa . Medius amicus, Cic. , A common fr iend to both , orto all parties . Medi os esse j am non 1iceb .t, Id We shall not be suff er ed to be neuter . Idem pacis eras med iusque belli , H or . , Equa llyinclined to peace or war .
— D IM ID IA TUS, divided into two pa rts, halved.
Unum d imid iatumque mensem. Cic. Dimidiativersiculi . ld .— D I
V IDUUS , tha t may be parted or divided. Materia quin d ivid ua g ign itur . Cic . Dissolub ile et d ividuum est omne animal mortale . Id . [t
is sa id of wha t is divid ed. Candida d ivid ué co lla tegente coma. Ovi d.
Potius quam p erdas totum, d ivid uum face . Ter .
1617. Melleus . Mellztus. Mellifler . l ifellar ius.
MELLEUS , (y'
honey, li ke honey . Melleus sap or, odor, colo r. Plin.
—MELL ITUS , sweetened wi th h oney . Pane egeo j ammellitis p otiore
placentis . H or . Figuratively Mell itus pue r, Cic . , A sweet- temperedand lovely ch ild — MELLI FER, (mei ferens ) tha t bears, br ings, or
makes h oney . Meilif'
erm ap es. Ovid .
- MELLAR 1US , servzngfor , or belonging to, honey . Mellar ia ceila . Cic . Vasa mellar ia . Plin .
1 618 . Membrum. Artus.
MEMBRUM , (f romposipw, to divide ) a member or l imb, an externalpart of the body , distinguishedf rom a ll the rest by some particula r use,as the hand,foot, I t is not said of the head. Jam membrorum, i dest, partium corp or is; al ia vid entur p rop ter usus anatura esse donata , ut manus, crura, p edes alia autem quas i ad quemd am or
natum, ut caudaPavoni. Cic. C icero has said membra of the parts of
380
a house. Adjuncta cub icula, et ej usmodj membra. Figurativi lyMembra accusationis divide re . Cic.
— Aa '
r us , (f rom apw, aipfl irw,
ap to , instruo ) is properly sa id of the j oints. Octavius multis med icamentis p rop ter d olorem artuum delibutus . Cic. It is taken in a
more genera l sense . Et t otamente , et omn ibus artubus contremisco .
Cic. Neque ante satiatus est, quammembra, et artus, etviscera h ominis tracta per vicos antese congestavidisset. Suet. f igurativelyI llud teneto nervos atque artus ess e sap ientiae , non teme ré credere.
Cic.
1 619 . M'
eminisse. Reminisci. Recordar i .
MEM IN I S SE, to remember, or to have in memory . Memini enim,
memini, nec unquam ob liviscar . C ic. Meminime facere , Id ., 1 re
member to have done.— REMI N I SC I , (rursus or retro meminisse ) toca ll to remembrance aga in, to ca ll back anci ent ideas . Declarat 88 non
tum i lla d iscere, sed reminiscend o recognoscere. Cic.— RECORDAR I ,
(rursfis cordi dare ) to endeavour to recollect“ Magn o argumento esth omines sci re pleraque antequam nat i s int, quod j ampuer i, cum ar
tes d ifficiles discant, ita celer iter res innumerabiles arr ipiunt, ut eas
non tum p rimum acciperevid eantur , sed reminisci et recordari . Cic.
De h uj us Quasstor is oflicio cogitantem, e tiam d e aliis Quzestoribusreminiscentem recordari . Id .
1620. Meminisse alicuj us r ei, de aliqud re, a liqui d.
MEMIN I S SE ALICUJUS RBI or D E ALI QUA RE ofl en s ignify to makemention of a th ing . Neque omniné h uj us re i meminit usquamQuint. De quibus multi meminerunt , Id Wh ich have been ment ionedbymany— MEMI N I S S E AL IQUID a lways s ignifies remembrance. Omnia alicuj us facta et dictameminisse . Cic. Forsan et h ir e olimme.
minisse j uvabit. Virg.
1621 . Memor abilis. l Wemor andus.
MEMORABILI S , memor able, j i t to bementioned or remembered. Hoc
cine credib ile est,‘
aut memorab ile ? Ter . Glori osa et memorab ilisvi rtus . Cic.
— MEMORANDUS , tha t ou h t to be told or Nec
memoranda tamenvob is mea facta, elasgi, esse t e o r .
1 622. Menda . Mendum.
MENDA isparticula rly sa idQf the def ects of the body .
'
Eximeremend as de co rp ore . Ovid . In toto nusquam corp oremenda fuit. Id . Fa
ci es menda caret. l d .— MENDUM , a fault, a mista ke, an errar ia writ
ing or p rinting . Quod mend um ista l i tura correx it? Cic. Mendalibrar iorum tolluntur . Id . 1 1 is sa id of a d cf ect, of an imperfection .
I taque me i dus Martins non tam consolantur,quam antea; magnum
en immendum cont inent. Cic.
1 623. Mendaciam. Fa lsitas .
MENDAC IUM, an untruth sa id designedly with an intent Qf decaiuing , a lie. Improb i h ominis est mendaci o fallere. Cic. Mendaciumn eque d icebat , neque pat i poterat. C . Nep . Figu ratively a d is ise.
Mendacia formae . Ovid . Mendaci o staturam adj uvare. Sen. AL
S ITA S, fals ity , fa lsehood. S lout aliis in locis parum firmamenti , et
parumvi riam falsitas h abet, sic in 110 0 loco falsa invid ia imbecilla
382
n omine debe re Planco d icebant. l d .—M1515vs nms , f romme. G ra
tum mih i feceri s, si ux ori tumme is verbis eris gratulatus. Cic. Denunc1arunt Senatus verb is . Liv. Abi, nuncia me is verbis bello abs istat . Id .
1 630. Mercator . Negotia tor .
Therewas amongst the Romans thi s dfi rence between MERCATORand NEGOT IATOR , tha t the la tter had established the centre tyb is tradein the p rovinces, and very seld om came to Rome ; instead of wh ichMercatores were habitua lly settled a t Rome, and only went into the
p rovinces when their afi a irs required i t, and thatfor a short t ime. Sublustrum censer i G erman i negotiato r is est. Cic. Qui p lus ex istimet
apud lectissimos Senatores pecuniam, quam apud tres nego tiatoresmetumvalere . Id . Verres was i n S icily . Imp iger ex tremos curritmercator ad Indos. H or .
1 631 . Mercatura . Commercium.
MERCATURA, (f rommerx ) traf ic, trade, merchandis ing . Mercatura , si tenn is est, sordida putanda est. Cic. Mercaturam or mercaturas facere , Id . , 7
’
o trade as a merchant. Aversus mercaturis.
H or . Figura tively Mercatura bonarum artium. Cic.— COMMER
C IUM, ( from cum a nd merx ) commerce ; wi th th is d ifl‘
er ence, tha t
mercatura is traflic in general, the profession of a merchant , and commercium an intercourse and associa tion for the buy ing and selling ofgoods and wa res Diversas gentes commerci o miscuit. Plin . Commercium th ur is p rimi Mime i fecére. Id . Figura tively . Voluptas nullum h abet cumvi rtute commercium. Cic. Inter eum Ce saremquecommercia litterarum fuerunt. Czes.
1632. Mercatus. Nund ince . Nund inatio.
MERCATUS , a market, a fai r. Frequens mercatus . Liv. In aed e
V eneris h odie estmercatus. Plaut. I t is sa id y"
tr afi ic. Oum' d omituae turpissimo me rcata omn ia essent venalia. Cic.
— NUND I NEfrom n ovem dies ) was a market held every n inth day. Ipso d ie nundiuarum. Cic. Figuratively. Cujus domus est agrorum, Oppid orum,
immunitatum, vectigalium flagitiosissimae nundinne. Cic.— NUND I
NAT IO , the act of tr ac
d ing , is only used in thefi gura tive sense. Quamin omn ibus locis nundinationem j uris ac fortunarum fore putatisCic.
1 633. h l erces. Pretium.
' MERCES , the wages or money a llowed f or work or service done.Diurnamercede conductus . H or . Mercedem Operis megat . Ovid.
Pacti ones mercedum. C ic. Figuratively . Virtus sibimet pulch errima me rces. S il. Ital.— PRET IUM , the p rice g iven j ar a th ing tha t issold or bough t. H ic age r owa is quoquo p retio coemptus e t it , tameningenti p ecun iavobis ind ucetur . Cic. Pretio et mercede duci. Id .
In the same sense we say, figur a tively, H omo magn i p retii.
1 634 . Merere . Mer cr i . Conuner er i . Demer er i . Pr omerer i. Emerer i .
MERERE and MERERI , to deserve, seem to have been used ind°
e
r ently. Decus merué re non minimum. Hm. Non minorem lau emex ercitas , quam ipse Imp erator, mer itus esse vid ebatur . Cass. Oviahas sa id, meruisse necem, and ex itiummerer i. 14’e saymerere , and
mereri de aliquo . Cum cogito rue d e Republicsmeruisse opt ime.
C ic. Opto ut cuique ita eveniat, ut d e Repub lica quisque mereatur. 1d . Me rere , however, has a particula r s ign ifica tion, to ga in, toget. H icmeret aera liber Sosiis, H or . , Th is book enriches th e Sos i i .Merctur migh t not be so proper ; a t least there is no example of it inth is sense. For th e same reasonwe rather saymerere than mereri sti
p endia . Meruisse st ipendia in b ell o . Cic. Merere equo , p ed ibus ,Liv., To serve in th e cava lry or in the infantry . C icero says met er istip endia only once . Perhaps merer i culpam would not be a good ex
p ression instead of wh ich Terence has sa id, Non nego illumme ruisseculpam, I conf ess he is guilty of a f ault. And Cicero, Quid d e tetantum meruisti ? What fault a re you guilty of .
9 - C0 MMERERE and
COMMERERI , to deserve, a lways taken in a bad sense . Quae nunquam
quidquam ergame commer ita est, quod nollem, et seepequodvellemmer itam sci o . Ter. Quam quasi aestimationem commeruisse se maxime confiteretur , Cic. , Wh ich fi ne he confessed he had deserved .
DEMERERE and DEMERER I , to deserve well a t one’
s hands. Demerere beneficns civitatem. Liv. Demerer i ofliciis amicos . Tam— PROMERERE and PROMERER I , to deserve well or ill. Verum enim, quandob ene promeruit, fiat. Ter . 1 151 p romeruisti d e me. Plaut. Is suo
beneficio p romeritus est se ut ames, et s ib i ut d ebeas. Cic. Leviuspunitus est, quam sit p romeritus . .Id .
— EMERERE and EMERBR I , to
serve one's whole t ime ( stip endia understood ) . Publius emeruit . Pers.
Emer itis stipend iis. C ic. Annummih i op erae ad tertium calendassex tiles emerentur , Id . , The yea r of my service will end on the th irdday before the ca lends of July. Figura tively Rusticus emer itum palosusp endit aratrum. Ovid . Emer iti equi. Id . Emerita stipend ia li
b id inis. Th ese two verbs ar e a lso ta ken in th e sense of merer i. Qui dego emer ui ad olescensmal i Plaut., What harm have I done ? Emereri h on ores . Val . Max .
1635. Mergere . Demerger e.
MERGERE, to p lunge, to put under wa ter. Mergere se in mari . Cic.
Brach ia mersit in aqua. Ovid. Figurat ively : Mersus civilibus undis.
H or . Mersus rebus secund is. Liv. Funere mersit acerb o . Virg.
DEMERGERE , to s ink. Rex naves omnes d emersit. Q . Curt. Equus,in quo veh ebar , d emersus unz
‘
i mecum, rursus appar uit. Cic. Figu
r a tively : Demersus aere ali en o , Liv., Cver head and ears in debt.Patriam d emersam ex tuli. Cic . Demersee leges . Id .
1636 Mer idies. Mer id ia tio .
MER ID IES , (quas i med ius dies ) noon- tide, mid - day. Itaqueh odieAnti i , cr ii s ante meridiem domi . Cic. Ipsum meridiem cur non
meridiem credo quod e rat insuavis. Cic.— MERID IAT IO , noon rest,
th e tak ing a nap af ter d inner . Nunc quidem p ropter intermissionemforensis operas , et lucubrationes d etraxi, et mer id iationes ad d id i,quibus uti anteanon solebam. Cic.
1 637. Merum. V inum. Temetum.
MERUM , (p roperly an adj ective) pure, unmixed. Merum V inum.
Ovid. [fl/hen merum is sa id of wine, V inum is understood, and it signifi es pure wine. ' Curare geniummero . H on — V i num, ( in Gr eekai rog) wine. V inum eegrotis, quia p rod est raro, nocet saep issimé ,
384
melius non adh ibere omnino. Cic. V inumvetustate edentulum,
Plaut ., [Mellow wine.— TEMETUM, Vinum,
quod mentem tenet , saysNiz olius. This is a very ancient word to sign ify wine. Cad um temeti .H or . Careant temeto omnes mulieres. Cic. Cato ideo propinquosfmminis osculum dare j ussit, ut scirent an temetum olerent : h oc
tumvino nomen erat. Plin . Temetum seems to be a strong and headywine fromwh ich temulentus is derived.
1638 . Merz . Mer cimonium.
MERX, anyk ind ty'
merchandise tha t is sold or bough t. Emendaemerces. H or Proba merx facile emptorem reper it. Plaut.— Mano l
MON IUM isf ound only in Pla utus, and seems to be the same with merx .
Ut vos investr is vultis mercimonns emundis vend und isque me lucris la tum afiicere. Plaut . It may be a diminutive of merx , and thenmight signify petty merchandise.
1639 . Metir i. Metar i .
MET IRI , to measure. Mundi magnitud inemmetiri . Cic . Pramentum parcé et paulatim metir i. Cars. Figur a tive/j : Ofiicio metir i omnia. Cic. Magnos, h omines vi rtute metimur , non fortuna. C. Nep .
Metiens aliorum in se odium suo in alias odi o . Liv. I t is a lso usedpassively. lEterni tas nulla tempo r is circumscr iptione metitur , Cic. ,
Eternity has no bounds .— METAR 1 , ( from meta ) to set bounds or It
'
mits, to take dimens ions, to set out or dispose bymeasure . Castra p ropeTyber im metatus est. Liv. Ipso loco suos castra metari j usserat.Q. Curt. I t is taken pass ively . Metatus agellus . Her.
1 640 . l ifetuere. Timere. Verer i. Formid are. Tremere. Pavere.MnTUERE, tof ea r any thi ng tha t is at a distance. Metuensque fu
turi . H or . Metus plur imt‘
im confert ad d iligentiam. Cic. TIMERE,to fear an approach ing danger . Timor est metus mal i app ropinquant is. Cic. Ut jam p lane in op ia ac fames
’
, non caritas timeretur . Id .
Th is difi'
erence is well p ointed out in V trgil. V ota metu d uplicant matres, p ropiusque p ericlo it timor. to f ea r with reverence.M
'
etuebant eurn servi , verebantur liberi . Cic. Veremur quidem, Ro
mani , et si itavultis , et iam timemus, sed plus veremur et timemusDeos immortales . Liv. —FORMIDARE, to dread continually , to be in acontinual f ea r . Fo rmid inem metum p ermanentem d efiniunt
,Cic.
Formidare malos fure s, incendia, se rvos. Hor . IVh ich exp ress ionsarevery well app lied to a mis er , who is day and n igh t in f ea r of beingrobbed of h is money .
— TREMERE, to quakef orfear . To tus tremo borreoque. Ter.— PAVERE is sa id of a fr igh t tha t disorders themind. Pavor est metus loco movens mentem. Cic. An imus pavet apud conc ilium illud p ro re o dicere . Id . In quem autemmetus, in camformid o , timid itas , pavor, ign omin ia 1nC1d 1t. Id .
1641 . Metuer e a liquem. Metuere ab a liquo.
METUERE ALIOUEN , to be af ra id of one. Metuebant cum servi .Cic.
— Mni unns A B A LIQUO , tof ear fr omanyone. Metuere ins1d1as,
pen culum ab al1quo . Cic.
1642. Miles. Comrizilito.
MI L ES, a sold ier. Militemfieri. Cic. Miles ti ro ,veteranus. Id .
d itat. Id . Supped itant h aec ad victum. Id . S i vita suppedi tasset
Id Sic al iquid supped itatur , ut satis sit, aut etiam abunde aliquidministratur , ut qui s uti commode possit , sic p reebetur , ut opportu
nUm sit, aut obnoxium teneatur ; id suggeritur quod d eesse ac t e
quir i visum est. G. D .
1 648 . 1”inuer e. Tenuar e.
MI NUERE , (f romminus ) to di min ish , to make sma ller . Vereorne,cum amplificare velim, minuam e tiam glo riam. Cic. Minuere au
d aciam h ost i . Liv. Studi o minuente labo rem. Ovid . Cap ite minutus. Liv. Cap itis minutio was of three sorts : 1 . Bybeing madea slave. 0
. 8y ban ishment. 3. By being transf erred i nto another
f amily . Minuere is a lso used as a neuter verb. Minuente mstu. Cms.
— TENUARE, (f rom tenn is ) to a ttenua te , to make lean Maci e tennantarmenta volentes. Virg. Curse tenuant corpus. Ovid . Figura tivelyTenuare tram. Ovid . Magma modis tenuare pa1v1s . H or .
1 649 . .Minute. Minutatim.
The dfi'
er ence between minute and minutatim is very inconsiderablein the p roper sense, butvery striking zn thefiga rative . MINUTE, tn a
mean and low way. Dicere grandin minute . Cic.— MI NUTAT IM, by
l ittle and little, by deg rees . Minutatim interrogare . Cic. Hi tas minuta tim frangit vires . Lucret.
1 650 . M irar i . Admirar i . Demirar i . Stupere.
MI RAR I , towonder, either in a good or bad sense . Mirar i satis h ominis negligentiam non que o . Cic. Mi rari secum tacitus . H or . Pr i
mis et te mi retur ab annis . Virg .— AD\1 IRAR I is most commonly used
in a good sense. Eorum mgenia admiror saspe. Ter. Quem et ad
miror , et diligo . Cic. Miramur op era, admiramurvir tutes, saygramma rians . Mi rari a nd admirari a lso s ign[yy , to be [and of , to be takenup wi th . Mirari vasa caalata. Sall.
e
Nil admirar i p rop e res est unas olaquequa? possit facere beatum. H o r .
—DEI\1 1 RA RI , to wonder a t
g reatly , to th ink strange. Me prop ter quem caeteri l iberi sunt, tib il ibe rum non visum d emiror . C ic. Equidem te d emiror , Ch reme.
Ter .- STUPERE, to be stupefi ed , to be struck wi th a ston ishment. Mate r
ad aud itas stupuit ceu saxeavoces. Ovid . Pavidapuellastup ente .Liv. Aspicere, admirar i, stupere. C ic.
1 651 . Mirus. M irabil is. M irandas. Mir ifi cus .
Mi nus , wonderf ul, eith er in a good or bad sense. Mi rus apud po
p ulum favo r. Tac . Novitas mi ra. Ovid Id cum omnibus miramvid eretur . C . Nep . Mi ra memorasl n imis formidQlosump rzz d icasfacinus. Plaut .— MI RAB I L I S , admirable . Mi rab ile ex emp lum. Cic.
Quamirabiliora fecisti, e?) me maj o r expectatio tene t. l d . Opusmirab ile magn i mundi . Tibul. Mirabilem in modum, Cic., In an
admi rable manner . Mirum in mod um, Id . , In a surp r is ing mann er.— M1RANDUS , to bewondered at, that ough t to be admired .
~ Opus in
gens ia mirandam altitud inem dep ressum. Cic. Quze mih i mi randaacciderunt. 1d . Mirand um m modum, Id ., (Amaz in ly exp ressesmore than mirabilem 1n modum ; and mirabilemmm u
ym r ises above
the idea of mirum 1 n mo dum.— M1 R 1excus , marvellous . H omo miri
ficus. Cic. Cwsaris verb pueri mirifica indolesvi rtut is. Id .
38
1652. Miser. Miser abilis . Miserandus . Infeliz .
MIS ER , who is in a sad plight, woeful, wretched.
‘Ego miseris et
laborant ibus n ih il negare p ossum. Cic. Lab or i osos , non m1ser os,
eos qui'magnos dolores perferunt, solemus dicere. Id . Mort emm1
serr imus opto . Virg .-LiMI S ERAB ILI S , miserable; d ep lorable,
‘lamenta
ble, extremely moving . Nfli il est tammise rab ile quam ex b eato ml ser .
Cic. Voces miserabiles exaud iebantur‘
mulierum. Liv. Sedes ~m1 ~
serabilis. l d .— MI SERANDUs ; that ought to be p itied or lamented .
'H aec mih ividentur misera atque miseranda. Cic. Aliis miserandus,
aliis r id end us videtur.’
Id .-INFELIX,
’
(non flelix ) unhappy, unfor tunate. Infelix et mrumnosus . Cic. Infelicior d omi ‘quam
' mih tne .
Liv. Figuratively Tellus infelix frugibus, Virg. , An.
unf ruztfuo
l
ground or fi eld. Infelisi fama. Id .
'
Infelix lol ium et ster 1les dom1d
’
nantur avenae. Id .
1653.-'Misere. Miserabiliter .
MISERE , miserably , wretch edly . Qua: n ih il valer'
ent ad beatemi:‘
seréque vivend um. Cic. I t a lso s ignifies, exceedingly , passionately,distracted .
’
y. Earn misere '
amat. Ter . Miseré d iscedere ‘
quzé ren s,ire modd ocit
‘
i s . H on— MI S ERABILI TER , so as to ra ise commi serat ion. At ille e tiam in foro combustus laudatusquemiserabiliter .
-Cic.
3-Miserabiliter emor i. Id .
‘Misereemori would exp ress quite a' dif e
rent th ing .
1 654: Mis erer i. l serar zf ‘Mi serescer e.
’
MI SERER I , to be moved ivith com'
miseration at the s igh t of otherpeop le
'
s misery . Misereri supplicum. Cic. Qui‘
miserer i mei d ebent,.non d esinunt invidere . Id . Jacentis mis
’
er ita est. t d .-MI SER
'
ARI ,to p ity , to Compassionate one. Turni
'
so rtemmiserantur iniquarri. Virg.
Miserabantur magnum p ericulum, Caes. , They lamented thei r f a te,believing themselves in great danger. Qui miseretur , misei’um
‘
sub
levat ; qu1'
m1seratur , incommoda conquen tur . G. D .-
‘
MI SERESCERE, (f rommisereri ) denotes mor e action . H is lacrimis vitafii '
d a
mus, et miserescimus ultrb'
. Vi rg.
‘
A’
rcad n
I t is emp loyed only in poetry . Poets have sometimesused promisouslymiserer i and miserari.
1655;
MI SER ICORD IA‘
, compassion , a feeling of the soul cb’
mmis‘
erating the
afi lictions'
of others . Misericordia est mgr itud o ex m1ser 1a alter1us1nj urialaborantis . Cic. Mentes ad miser icordJam lenitatemque ean
, tvertere . l d .— MI SEFCAT IO , the act of commiserating or p i ty i ng . Non
sine dolore , non sine lacr imis miserat 10 .
’
C1c. Miser1cord 1ac‘
o‘
m.
"
moveri, to have p ity'whereas ' Mis
'
ei'
a'
tione comin'
over i, is to be‘
ex
Ci ted to compass ion.
'
1656. M issio ." Ez auctor atio.
Mrssm, frommittere ) a sending, a dispatch ing . sei o legatorum. LIV . .
‘
De‘
litterarummissi one abs te accuso r. MISSIO wasa discharge g iven to soldiers
’
af ter a‘
service of twenty ‘years. LMi ssio
nem dar 1 viCena stip end ia emeritis .
" Tac . These ‘
dischargef‘
wer e qfth ree sorts 3 ~Thefi rst wasmissi o
’
to stildi ers
who had served the j ust number of years. The second ‘
sorrwormiSSio2 C 2
388
causaria, and was granted on account of s ickness or infirmity . The thirdwasmissi o ign omin i osa, bywayOf punishment.— EXAUCTORAT IO wasa k ind of discha rge g iven to a soldier, bywh ich he was not quite freed
f rom his milita ry engagement, but was still bound by it till he becameaveteran in tha t state he was called vex illar ius , because he still belonged to his regiment, and wa swa it ing for milita ry rewa rds . By the
missi o , a sold ier was enti rely discha rged but by the exauctoratio, he
t orari qut imes exaucto ratio was an ignomin ious discha rge ; and a
called exauctoratus, when discharged f rom his leg ion, and decla red iacapable of service.
1657. Moderar i . Regere. Gubernar e.
MOURRA RI , (f rommodus ) tomoderate, limit, or restra in. Ut p ostmodum gaudeant se i rae moderates. Liv. Animo et orationimoderari , cum sis iratus, non med i ocris est ingenu. C ic. Maria moderatur Deus. Id . Ofiicio consilia moderantes. ld . It is usea pass ivelyOmnes virtutes med iocr itate esse moderatas. Cic.
— REGERE, in its
pr oper sense, to ma ke stra ight. Figuratively to manage, to guide. Itis well sa id (J a coachman or horseman . Habenas rege re . Ovi d.
Aur iga Darn qui equos regebat. Q. Curt. It is used in a moregeneralsense. Si quidem Deus est qui viget, qui
'
sent it qui regit et
moderatur i d corpus cui p raep os i tus est. Cic. Erramem regere.Cass. Regere imp eri o p opulos. Virg. Animum regere. Cic.
— GU
BERNARE, p roperly , to steer a sh ip . S i nautae cer tent , quis eo
p otissimum gubemet. Cic. In a more general sense it signifies to conduct, to govern . Fortunaamotum rati one gubernare . Cic. Te h or
tor , omnia gubernes et mod eré re p rudent ia tua. l d . Rara quivirtus, quam non fortuna gubernat. Ovid. Quaeverb (vi rtus ) mod erandis cupid itatibus regend isque an imi motibus laudatur . Id .
Tormenta gubernat d olor, mod eratur natura cuj usque, regit qua s itor , Id It is not truth , but pa in, that directs the tongue of one put tothe rack his evidence and testimony are dicta ted by the weakness or r esolution of h is mind : He who examines h im has the greatest in nencain the transaction.
1658 . Modificar i. Temperare.
facere ) to take r igh t measures and dimens ions, to measure, to g ive a certa inf orm
’
to . Comp reh ensii autemmensuraHerculani p ed is, naturalemmembrorum omn ium inter se com
petentiammod ificatus est. Gel . Verba ab oratore mod ificata. Cic.
Wb rds usedfigura tively . Galli d epulso de p ectore , et in omne cor
pus diviso et mod ificato cibo cantus ed unt. 1d . Figuratively Modicari liberorum deside ri is, Apul . , To moderate the passions Qf ch ild rm— TEMPERA RE, to temper, to
ammos, et temperat iras. V i rg. And in the
Quis talia fand o temperet alacr imis V irg.
nibus temperare. Liv.
puncto temporis. Cic. Omn ibus min imis temp orumpunctis. 18. Mo
ment1s would denote a t ime less short and less determined .
1665. Mouere . Admonere.
MONERE, to inf orm, to warn . Monere aliquem ut ven iat ad11am.
_Ter . Qup d p rudenti vitam consili o monet. Ph aed
NERE, to admoni sh , to wa rn : .with th is,dfl er ence, that monemus
1 666. Monitio. Oly'
urgatio.
'ION I T I O , advice, admon ition about the commiss ion of af ault — OB
tTURGA
'
r Io , a repr oach , a rep r imand. Th ey d ifi izr in th is, that mon itioi s more gentle. Primumut monitio acerbitate , d eind é ut obj urgatiocontumelia careat . Cic. Besides, obj urgatio is becoming a super iorand not an equal 5 but monitio is becoming both . Obj urgatio , si estaucton tas. Cic. Monitio in dando consili o famil iaris. Id .
1667. .Montanus. b i ontosus .
MONTANUS, ( frommons ) of mounta ins, being or l iving on
ta ins. Antra montana. Ovi d . Montana cacumina, Id The
mounta ins. Rapidus montano flumine torrens. Virg . .Ligures mon
tan i , duri atque agrestes . Cic .— MON TO SUS and MO N TUO SUS , f ull
of h ills , mounta inous. Ct‘
im locis ipsis montuosis delectemur . Cic. Et
te montosee misere in praelia Nurses .
1 668 . Monumentum. Sepulchrum, Tumulus.
MONUMENTUM, f rommouere ) a monument, is sa id of any th ingdone as a memoria l, such as a publ ic edifice,verses, a h istory , &c. Sed
ego quae monumenti rat i o sit nomine ipso admoneor ; ad memoriammagis spectare debet, quam ad p raesentis tempor is gratiam. Cic. In
the same sense it is sa id of a monument or sepulch re ra ised to preserve thememory (y‘
any one. Monumentum, says a learned lawyer, res me
moriae causa in posterum p rod ita in quam si c orpusvel reliquimiaferantur , fiet sepulch rum. Place t mih i militibus, qui pugnan tes occid é runt , monumentum fier i quam amplissimum. Cic.
— SEPUL
CHRUM (f rom sepelire ) conta ins the bones or ashes of the dead. Se
pulch rum eorum qui conditi sunt , ante non est , quam j usta facta,et corpus incensum est. C ic. Capua quidem sepulch rum ac monumentum Campan i p opuli . Liv. S epulch re fiunt sanctiora vetustate.
Cic .— TUMULUS is properly a heap qf ear th . I t is sa id qf a tomb, grave,
or sepulch re, because earth is heaped up over the dead . Cum Alexanderin Sygeo ad Ach illis tumulum constitisset. Cic . They were somet imes built of stone or marble. Marmoreus tumulus. Ovid .
1 669 . Mora r i . Tardare.
MORAR I , (f rommom) to put a slop to, to make a stay . Belli ccler itatem morari . Cic . Non ci rcavilem patulumve moraber is orh em.
H on— TARDA RE, to reta rd . Impetum in imici tardare . Cic. Imp ed ir e profectionem meamvid ebatur , aut ce rte tardare . 1 11. H as res
quae remorar i canteros so lent, non retardarunt. Id . Moratur otiosus,segnis ; tardatur imped itus. G . D .
39
1 670. Mora las. Morosas . Eldor alis.
MORAT US , (f rommores ) -endued with manners , good or bad . I tanunc sunt adolescente s morat i . Plaut . Benemorata civitas . Cic .
Morataque rectefabula , Hor . , A play or comedy, in wh ich manners
ar e well drawn — MO RO S US , morose, ha rd to p lea se, that is in an ill
humour . Difliciles et moros i senes . Cic. Morosa caniti es. H o r .
Mo RA L ts , moral , belonging to manners . Ph ilosoph ia moralis . Cic.
Earn partem ph ilosoph ies d e moribus app ellare solemus ; sed d ecetaugentern l ingnam Latinam n ominare Moralem. Cic. Th is wordseems to have been introduced by C icero.
1671 . Mordacc. Denta tus . Dentosus.
DIORDAX, g iven to bite. Mo rd ax can is . Plin. Figuratively : Mord ax
sollicitud o . Ho r . Mordax carmen . Ovid . Mo rdaciorem imp robodente appetere. Ph a d . Mord ax invidia. Id . Mordacem cynicum
elud ebat. Ho r .— DENTATUS , having teeth . Male dentata p ae lla .
Ovid . C icero has used th is word in a very pa rticular sense. Ch artaet iam dentata r es agetur 1 will make use affine paper . The paper inCicero
'
s time was smoothed or p oli shed with the tooth of a wolf , or with.a shell. There is not the least idea of satire in ch arta dentata, as the
comp ilers of severa l Latin dictionaries havefa lsely imag ined . Q . Ciceroh ad compla ined to h i s brother that he had had a grea t deal of d ifii cultyin r eading h is letter on account of the badness of the writing . Marcusanswered h im, th at he would use a good pen , good ink, and good paper .
Calamo et atrament o temperate , ch arta e tiam dentata res agetur ,
( i . e . ) ch arta dente lup i lmvigata, and not mordaci . —DEN TOSUS ,f ullof teeth Dentosa buxus , Ovid A combmade of box- tree.
1 672. Mordere. Bemord ere.
MORDERE , to bite. Latrant et mordent canes. Cic. Frmnum mordere . Id . Figuratively Rura Li ris qui etamordet aqua. H or . Denteinvi d o mor d eo r . Id . Mord er i conscientia. Cic . Vald é me momo r(ler unt ep istolm tuae de amica n ostra. Id . S i paup er tas momo 1 d it,si ignomin ia pupugit. 1d .
— REMORD ERE, ( 1 u1 sus mo i d ere ) to bi tethe bi ter . Quin me remor surum p etis
? H o r . I t e rpr esses very wella remembrance tha t causes gr ief or remorse. Liber tatis des iderium t e
mordet animos. Liv. Remord et animus conscius . Luer.
1 673. Atari . Oppeter e. Perire . Inter ire. Occ‘
z’
dere. Obi re. Occumbere.
MOR I , to die a natura l d ea th , to wither away . Mor iend um certeest, et i d incer tum,
’
an eo ips o die . C ic q uissimo an imo 111 0 1 1tursap ientissimus quisque ; stultissimus, 1niqu1ssi1n o an imo 1d . Aretager , vitin mori ens s itit aé i is li erba . V11g. F1gur a t1vely : Nunquamvestror um in nos beneficiorum memoria mor ietur C ic.
— OPPETERE
(p etere oh ) is s a id of a dea th that migh t have’
been, but has not beenavoided . Que is ante ora patrum cont ig it Oppeter e . Vi rg . Mortem,
or such like word, is understood . It is sometimes exp ressed. Oppeteremortem. Cic. Oppetere leth um p ro pati ié . Liv.
- PERIRE , ( i re pe1to p er ish , to be quite und one or spent. IVIeo vitio p erco . Cic. Variassummo cruciatu supplicioque per i it. Id . Ego illum p er iisse duco ,
39 2
cui quidem perut pudor. Plaut. Figuratively Metagenes cer té per
i it, Cic., b l etage nes has certainly became bankrupt.— INTERIRE, ( ireinter ) to be ann ihila ted, to be dissolved. Inter ire fame . Cic. Est interi tas quas i d iscessus et secretio ac d iremptio earum partium, qua: ante
inter itum j unctione al iqua tenebantur . Id . Cam p ecun ia interiretlargitione magistratuum. C . Nep . Inter ire is more general and moreexpressive th an p erire . Vel te interusse vel p erusse p rze dicent. Plaut .Pe rii , interii : cur mih i non d ix ti Ter.— OCC IDERE, (cadere ob ) tofall down. S igma de coelo occidunt. Plaut. I t is only in afigurat ivesense that it is synanyrnous with the oth ers. Occid it spes omn is . Hor .
S oles occidere et redire possunt. Gatul . Occid it una domus . Ovid .
Ex tincto calore occidimus ips i , extinguimur . Cic. Rerum recordatio
et memoria occidisset. l d .— OB I RE, ( i re 0b ) to go round or th rough .
Ob i re p edibus regi ones. Cic. In th i s sense we say Diem supremumob i re . C . N ep os. Ob i re mortem. C ic. I do not know any instance a]ob i re used alone to signyyto die should there be any,
mo rtem, di emsuum, diem supremum, must be understood — 0 0 0 11 114135 3 3 , (cubareob ) properly , to layone
'
s-self down. I t is onlyfigura tively tha t it signifies , to die . Fe rr o occumbere . Ovid. Occumbere neci . Id . Cc
cumbere mo rt i. Virg. Occumbere nece . Suet . Occumbere mo rtem.
Liv. Occumbere mo rte . Id . Sometimes mo rt i , mortem, &c. are un
d er stood . Ante annos suos occubuit. Ovid . Omnes lege commun imor imur ; casu aliquo aut insan iaper imus miseré ; quocunci
uemaloaut languo re d eficientes inter imus , in pugnaaut conatu audabil i
mort em oppetimus ; exh austis vir ibus aut casu aliquo fractis accid i
mus ; stato ac p raefinito temp ore di em sup remum obimus ; vi autsax o opp ress i mo rt i occumbimus. G . D .
1 674. h Ior itur ns . Mor ibundas.
MOR ITURUS , that will die a t a p er iod mor e or less d istantf ram the
p sesent . Jamvenio mo riturus . Virg . Ad ul timump ro fid e moriturus. Q . Curt. -MOR 1BUNDUS , dying , ready to die . Fulvamo r ibund um extend it arena. Virg . Moribunda membra. Id . Moribundo simil is. Sen.
1 675. lil ar talis. Letha lis .
BIORTALI S , mortal, sulj ect to death , belong ing to morta ls . Vul tus
mortalis . Virg . Nil mortale loquar . H o r . Fo rtuna nonnunquam tanquam ipsamo r talis cum immortal i naturapugnarevide tur. Cic. Mo r
tal in'
d ecuit vi olat i vulnere D ivum Virg . , By appos it ion between thewounded God , and the morta l being who wounded him.
— LET IIALI S ,thatg ives or causes d eath . Har re t lateri leth alis arundo . Virg. EnsisIeth alis. Ovid . Fr igus lethale. Id . I t isvery seldom used but in poetryCicer o h owever says Leth ale illud p oculum h ausisse and Pliny , leth alis inedia .
1676. fi l ag ire. Remug ir e.
MUG I RE, to bellow as bulls do . Inde c1‘
1m actae b oves quwd am ad
des iderium, ut fit, relictarum mugissent. Liv. Pi ur a tively Mu ire
videbis sub p edibus terran1 .Virg. Malus mug it A ricis p rocellis. IIo r .
— REMUG I RE, to answer with bellowings . Ad mea ve rba remugis .
Ovi d . Inachus is speak ing to his daugh ter, who is transformed into a
h eifer. Figura tively : Insequitur clamor coelumque remugit. Virg.
N emus remugitventis. Hor .
1683. b l undus . Lautus. Magnificus .
MUNDUS , clean, neat. Munda sup ellex . H or . Mundus erit qui
non ofl'
endet sordibus, atque in neutram cultus partemmiser. Id .
LAUTUS , (f rom lavare ) properly , washed , bathed . Lant is mane se .
nex manibus currebat . H or . Lautum te voluit occidere , Cic., He
wanted to k ill you, whenyou were coming outof the bath . Figuratively :speak ing of persons, genteel, well- dressed , amiable. H omin es lauti eturbani . Cic. Lautiores servi . Id . Lantus es ( iron ically ) qui gravé relitteras ad me dare , Id .
, speak ing of th ings, exqu isite , sump tuous .
Lauta culina. H or . Lantum convivium. Plin . Civi tas lauta et 11 0
b ilis . Cic.— Ma G N 1 r tcus , (magnum facere ) magn ifi cent , stately ,
g rand Vidi forum ado rnatum magnifico o rnatu. Cic. Magnificae
& des. Ovid. Coena magnifica et lauta. Cic. Magnificus an imus . Id .
Magnificus et grandis orator . Id .
1 684. Munerar i . Ren1unerar i . Retr ibuere.
MUN ERARI and Munerat e , f rommunus) to make g ifts or presents.Me Op ipar é muneratus est. Cic. Locus erat quidam, 1 11 quo erant
ea comp osita, quibus te l ex mun erat e volebat . Id .— RE\1UNERAR I
and Remunerare , to rewa rd, to requite to recompense. Ut p ossim te
remunerat i quam simillimo munere. Cic. Quibus officiis T. Annii
beneficia 1 emunerabor .
9 Id . Muuerar i beneficaevoluntatis est , remunerar i, grat i et memoris animi . G. D .
-RETR IBUERE, from reand tr ibuere ) to g ive what is due. Fide i cond ucit in loco deb itum t e
tr ibuere. C ic . Fructum quem meruerunt, retr ibuerem. Id . Retribuere, aequitatis est. Catullus sa id, h is te supp liciis remunerabor . Agood action is rewarded, and a cr ime is punish ed.
1685. Municeps. Municipa lis .
MUN ICEPS , (munus cap ere ) one belong ing to a town whose inha bitants were free of the city af Rome. Th er e wer e two sorts Same hada right to thepr ivileges and ojfices there, and were subj ected to the Homan laws ; others j ollowed their particula r laws, and enj oyed certa inhonorary r ights. Ego et ill i et omn ibus municip ibus duas esse censeo
patrias, unam naturae , alteram c ivi tatis. Cic. Mei mu nicipes Asp inates . Id . Cicero was born at Arp inum. Vidi ego fortissimumvirum, municipemmeum, C . Marium V id i. Id .
-MUN IC IPA L 15, belongi ng to a town or corpora t ion , tha t rela tes to the citi~ ens (y
‘
such a
town . Municipales h omines. Cic . Est 1pse a gene re municipalis h onestissimi ac mob ilissimi gene ris . Id .
1686. lll unitio. IlIunimentum.
MUN I T I O , the action of f ortify ing. Proh iberé munitiones , Cees . ,
To h inder the works of f ortifica ti on. Munitio viarum, Cic. , Th e r e
p ai r ing qf the h igh roads . a nd Munimen, in poetry,a rampa rt, a j br t
c
ifica tion. Quos mun imen ta inchoaverat , permun ii t.Liv. Tenere se munimentis. Tac. F1gur atively . Munimento co r
p oris sump to . Q. Curt. Munimenta togee , Juv A cloa k or cover ingover one's gown. H oc efl
'
usos munimeu ad imbres, Virg., A defenceaga instviolent ra ins .
3
1 687. Munus. Oflicium. Mun ia . Pensum.
IVI UNUS , (synonymous with the oth ers ) on employment, a bus iness, anofiice . Munus lEd ilitium, munus Consulare.
.Cic . Tuum est munus,
t uae partes. Id . An imi munus est rat i on e uti. l d .— 0 11 11 1 0 1 11 11 , duty ,
obliga tion . A relig ione o iiicii declinare . Cic. Quod rati one actnmest id ofliciumvocatur . Id . Munus officn exequi. Id . Non quod ei
cura d efuer it in tanto ofli cio tantoque munere . Id . Masin issa senexomn ia reg is ofli cia et mun era exequitur . Id . Al ien imuner i atque officio p ra
aesse. Id .— MUN 1A , functions or duties , wh ich anyman in his
p lace, especia lly in a publ ic s ituation , ough t to do . Ob ire regis mun ia.
Liv. Be lli pacisque mun ia . Id . Mania vitae . H or .— PENSUM , (f rom
'
p endere ) prop erly , a certa in weight and quantity of wool, fl ow, 81 0 .
wh ich slaves were enj oined to sp in in a day. Lumen ad ex iguum famulae data p ensa trah ebant. Ovid. Mollia p ensa d evolvunt fusis .V irg .
It is used in a more genera l sense . Ex igere p ensum. Cic. Nunc ad
r eliqua progredias ,meque ad meummunus p ensumque revocabo . Id .
1 688 . Murmur ar e. Matire. Mussare. Mussita re. Susurra re.
MURMURARE, to y ield a low and hollow sound. Fremitusmurmarant is maris . Cic. Vidi h estemo d ie quemd am murmurantem, qui,& c. Id . Flebile l inguamurmurat exanimis . Ovid .
- Mama s , to mut
ter . Palammutire plebe i o p ericulum est. t e d . N ih il j amma tireaudeo . Ter .
-MUSSA RE, (f r ey
umta tive of mutire ) to sp eak low. 1d
decretum decem legatorum clammussantes carpebant. Liv.—MUS
S ITARE, ( frequentative o‘
f mussare ) to mutter to one’
s- seq: I‘Vl ussi
tantesque inte r se r ogitabant, n 1‘
1m quem plebeii Consulis p oeniteret.Liv. - SUSURRARE , to tell in secret, in a wh ispering way. Jam susuf
rari audi o civemAtticam esse h anc. Ter . In aurem susurrare . Ovid.
Fama susu‘
r rat . Id .
1 689 . Mutare. Va r ta re.
MUTARE, (quasi motare ) to change, to transmute one th ing into ouoth er . Testamentummutat e . Cic . Muta j am mentem istam. l d . Sta
tuit Me tellus mancip ia mutare cum mercator ibus vino adventitio et
aliis talibas . Sall . Colores mutare . H or . Cr inem mutavit in hydros .
Ovid .— VAR 1A 11 E , to vary , to divers ify . Ille ( sol ) ubi nascentem
maculis var iaver it o r tum. Virg . D 1scur runt var iantque vices . Id .
Yar iare mater iam mistura j ocorum. Mart . Sententiamvar iaV it timor , Liv. , Fear caused the op in ion to be a ltered. Variare voluptatem,
C ic., To diversify one’
s p leasure. Variant multa d e Marcelli morteauctores, Liv. , Authors wr ite d ifierently, do not agree, about the particular s of Marcellus’s dea th .
1690. Mutuar i. Mutuitare.
MUTUAR I , to borrow. C l‘
1m abundara d ebeam, cogormutuat i . Cic.
Figuratively A viris vi rtus n omen estmutuata . C ic. Ab a
'
more temerar ium atque imprudens mutuatur consilium. Id . Mutuemur h oequoque verbum. Id . Croesus non mutuatus est aliund é laud em, sed
sib i ipsi peper it . ld .— MUTUI TARE , (f requentative of mutuar i ) to be
f ond of, or to look outf or borrowing . Credere mutuitanti. Plaut.
169 1 . Myster ium. Arcanum.
MYSTERIUM, (f rom to keep secret) mystery, what a relig ion
has most kidd i n . Aq uid tacitum tan uammysterium tenere. Cic.
It i s sa id of sacred r i tes or festivals. I‘gaaciesque me, in quem diem
incident myster ia certiorem. Cic. I t a lso signfi es anygreat secret.Ep istolte nostree tantum h abent myster iorum, ut eas ne lib rarns qui
d em fere committamus. Cic.— ARCANUM , (f rom arx , or area ) a se
cret, a h idden th ing that nol od must l e app rised of Arcanorum cc
lantissimi Persze . Q . Cui t. Omn iumarcanmum reg is arb iter. Id .
Arcanumneque tu sc1 utabe1 1s ullius unquam, commissumque teges.
H or .
1 692. Na iades . Nereides .
NA IADES , ( f rom r a iew, d uere ) Na iads, nymphs of the springs andf ounta ins . Ali os p oscunt mea carmina coetus , Naiades und arum dominas , Ovi d .
-N EREIDES , er eids, nymph s of thesea . ZEquoreaaNe
reides . Gatul . Virides N ereides . Ovid .
1693. Nare . Nata re . Navigare .
NARE , (f rom r ice, to swim) to swim. Nat lupus inte r oves . Ovid.
Nant anaticulm, evolant merulae. Cic — NAT ARE (f requentative ofnare ) den otes a more active swimming . Can is per d umen carmem dumfe 1 ret natans. Ph eed . Aquae natantur multo p i sce . Ovid . Figuratively. Pars h ominumviti is gaude t constanter ; pars multa natat modorecta capessens, interdum p ravis obnoxia. H o r . In quo quidemma
gis tu mih i natare visus es, quam ipse Nep tunus. C ic.— NAv RE,
(quas i navi i re ) to sa i l, to travel by sea Navigavimus s ine timo1 e,s ine nausea Cic. Remis nav1ga1 e. Id . Sat is feliciter navigavit. Id .
1 6941 . Na rrare . Enarra re. Dena r rare. l ll emorare. Commenzor are.
NARRARE, to rela te, to recoun t Tempura narrando fallere . Ovid .
.Iucund a mih i ej us orati o fuit, cum d e an imo tuo mih i quo tidienarr aret. C ic .
— ENARRARE , to tell th ings at length , to reci te the par ticula rs . Omnem rem modo sen i , quo pacto se h ab eret, enar ramus ord ine . Ter . Seepe satis es t quod factum sit dicere , non ut enarres
quemadmodum sit factum. Cic.— DENA RRA RE , to tell in order, or in
deta i l. H aec adeo illi j am d enar rabo. Ter . Matri d enar rat ut ingenebellua cognatos eliser it . H 0 1
'
. MEMORARE,to make mention of, to
report . V e rbum estve rum quod memoratur . Cic. I Ierculem in ea
l oca,Geryone interemp to , b oves mira speci e abegisse memorant.
Liv. Mcmorant , 1d .,They say.
- COVIMEMORAR.
E implies more astenta tion i n the telling than. men1o 1 ure . Qu1e est i sta in commemoranda p ecun ia tua ta111 i11so lens ostentatio
? Cic. Caius Decianus, de
quo tu sasp e commemmas . ld . Beneficia meminisse debe t 18 in quemcollata sunt, non commemorare qui contulit. Id .
1695. Nasci . Ori r i.
NASC I , to be born, to come into the world. Nascend i ince rta con
d itio ; s ine sensu uascimur . Cic. Omnes nati sumus ad sociotatem et
communitatem generis l1un1an i. Id . Figuratively : Nulla tam d etestabilis p estis , quze non h omini ab h omine nascatur . Cic. Scribes adme, ut mih i nascatur ep istola: argumentum, Id ., You shall write to
tascopium. Phaselus. Myoparo. Cymba . Libur nus . Bemalens. A
p h ractum. D icroturn . Actuar iam. Actuar iolum. Corbita .
NAV I S , a sh ip , i s genera lly sa id of a large one, such as a sh ip y”war .
Naves annotina , Ca s .
, Sh ips ca rryi ng p rovis ions. Navis oneraria, IdA sh ip of burthen. Navis The admi ral s sh ip.
— NA
V I GI U ’VI , (quas i navis ag itat i o ) a sh ip of a sma ller s iz e than Davis .
Proficisci p rob o navigi o . Cic. Navigia minuta. Id . In navigia latera,carina , p rom, p upp is , antenna ,
vela, mal i . Id — LEMBUS,°
a f r lucca ,a low - built sh ip w ith oa rs. Ne navem ullampra ter duos lembos, quinon p lusquam sexdecim remis agerentur , h aberet . Liv.— CERCURUS ,a sma ll sh ip made useof by the inha bitants of Cyprus. Ipse cum classe
centum tectarum navium, ad h a c levior ibus navigi is, cercur is ac lembis d ucentis p roficiscitur . Liv.
— GEL’OK , a brigantine , a small sh ip socalled on account of i ts l igh tness. Apparuit inde p irat icas celoces et
lembos esse . Liv.—RAT I S , a raft, is noth ing more than pi eces q’
timber j OHu
'd tog ether : a sh ip bu ilt h astily . Navibus ab Annibale incens is ,rates ad traj iciend um ex ercitam in magna inop iamateria a grecom
paravit Liv. Poets ofte nuse rat is instead cy'
nav1ss Rates quassas t e
fi cere.H or . Ipse ratemconto subigit.Virg — SCAPHA , (f rom o'
xa'
nr ew,
fo rare ) a skifl'
, a boatmade of a hollowed tree. Usque ade o ut dominus navis in scapbam confuger it . Cic . Scaph a b i
qremis. H or .
— LE
N UNCULUS , a sloop , afi sh ing- l oat . Harumfuga navium onerar iarum
magistros incitabat , pauci lenunculi ad oflicium,imper iumque con
ven iebant . Ca s .
— PRO SUM IA , a small l ight sh ip , sent out fb r gettingintelligence . De nocte ad p ortamp rofectus sum p ro sumia. Plaut.
LINTER , a l ittle boat without masts or sa ils a sculler,smaller than
scaph a. Amriem transveh i lintre. Cic. Duas naves scaph is lintr ib asque d epreh endunt. Ga s
— 0 11m , a smallfi sh ing-boa t. Mal o . l1 unc
al ligat i ad or iam, ut semp er p iscetur , etsi sit tempestas max im3 .
Plaut .— PONTONES, (f rom p ons ) a pontoon, a sort of vessel used in
conveying a n a rmy across a r iver . Plerasque naves in Italiam emit titad reliquos milites equitesque transpo 1 tand os .
1
p ontones , quod estg enus naviumGallicarnm, Lyssi reliquit. Ca s . (f rom171 11 0; and 0175111 ) prop erly , sh ips f or convey ing cavalry across a river .Forte p ostero d ie quam Sybota classis tenuit, quinque et tr iginta naves, quas bippagogas vocant, ab Elia p rofecta cum equitibus Gal
l is, equisque, Ph anas petebant . Liv.— CATA SCOPIUM, from xa r a
and “ 1717 011 11 1, to cons ider ) a scout, an advice boat. Litteris celer iter
in Siciliarn ad Atticum conscrip tis, et per catascop iummiss is , ut s inemora exercitus s ib i quam celerr ime transpor tarentur . Cass — P1124S ELUS is a long boat used ly the ( ampa nzans, mostl for parties ofp leasure. Et frag ilemmecum solvat p liaselum. H or . t circump icti svebitur sua rura p l1 aselis. Virg. In Sallust, it is sa id of a more consid erable sh ip . Et fo rte 111 navigando coh o rs una grandi ph aselovectaa ca ter is d eer 1 av1t — MYOPA RO , ( from scelus, and napw
'
vn, navigium it kind a
S[long l ight sh ip , w i th oa rs and sa ils , often used p i
rates . 11 p ortu yracusano m oparo p iraticus navigavit . Cic. yOpar one p iratico capto ,
d ux i .beratur Id .—CYMBA , a bark , a fi sh
Cymbarum ante oculosmultitud o : p ro se quisque , quodceperat, afi
'
erebat . Cic. Vi rg il makes use of cymba to exp ress the boatof Charon, the f er ry man of Hell . Gemit sub p ondere cymba sutilis .
Virg.— LIBURNUS or Liburna, (so called f rom the Liburnians, who
399
fi rst made use af it a l ight sh ip ,fi l ter forfl ight thanf orfi ghting Ib isLiburnis inter alta navium, amice , p r op ugnacula. H 0 r .
a towing- barge. Submer sam navim remulco , multisque contend ensfunibus
o
abd ux it. Ca s. Hac calamitate per ter r itis h ostibus , adve rsovento len ites fiante naves onerarias Caesar remulco Alexandr iam d ed ux it. Id .
—APH RACTUM or .Apl1 ractus, an open and long sh ip used bythe Rhodians Aph ractis ca ter isque long is navibus tranquillitatemaucupatur i eramus . Cic. Né sti aph racta Rli od iorum: n ih il est quodminus fluctum feri e possit. Id .
— D ICROTUM , a ga lleyhaving two rowso f oa rs in a sea t, used by the Mitylenians . Aph racta Rh od iorum, et
d icrotumMytilenorum. Cic.—ACTUAR IUM and ACTUA RIOLUM, its
diminutive, f rom agere , actum) a sma ll l ight- built sh ip or l a rge, a
p innace. Actuaria mi nuta. C ic. Corbitane Patras, an actua1 1ol1s ad
LeuCOpetram? Id .
—CORB ITA , ( from corb is, because it was in the
shape of a pann ier ) a great sh ip for merchandise, slow and heavy of
sa il ing .
'
I ard iores quam co rb ita 511 111: in tranquillo mari . Plaut . I ts
slowness had become proverbial. Obsecro, Op eram celocem h ancmih i,ne corbitam date . Plaut .
1 702. Nebulosus . N imbosus.
N EBULOSU S , ((f rom nebula ) nebulous,f oggy, full of fo(gs. Nebu
losum et caliginosum ca lum. C ic. Littus nebulosum vid . Ae'
r
n ebulosus . Plin .-NIMBO SUS , (f romnimbus ) cloudy , stormy , ra iny .
Ventus nimbosus . Ovid . N imbosus Ori on . V i rg.
Necatus. Enectus.
NECATU S , put to death , murdered, or destroyed. Sp onso necato .
H or . In tormentis necatus . Cic. Necatusvenen o . Id Necatus fame.
Quint.— ENECTU S , exhausted , a lmost dead . i t is never sa id of the 4feet 0, arms . Bos est enectus arand o . Ovid. Enecta fame et s iti p rovincia. Cic. Fr igo re ,
illuvi e , squalore enecti, contus i , ac deb ili tati .Liv. I t i s sometimes opposed to p lenus, afiluens. Ea parte animi necinop 1s enecta, nec satietate aflluenti. Cic. Pleni enective simus. Id .
1 7041 . Necessitas. Necess i tudo .
N ECESS ITA S, (from nectere ) necessity . Ven ia n ecessitat i datur .
Cic.
’
Nullum est corpus quod eii'
ugiat ferend i patien d ive n ecessitatern . Id . It is sa id of the tie of relation, or bond off r iendship . Necessi
tatem familiar itatemque vi olare . Cic. Examp les qf th is k ind ar everyf ew . .
1‘
good author s generally use necessitudo to express near k indred orf riendsh ip. Conj ungere necessi tud inem cum aliquo . Cic. Necessi
tudo fraterna . Id . Familiar itatis necessitud in isque oblivisci . Id‘Ne
cessitud o i sf ound i n thesense a] necessitas . Puto h anc esse necess itud inem, cui nulla vi resisti. p o test Cic. Facere necessitud in emalieni , Tac.
, To force, to compel somebody . Coactus rerum necessi
tudine . C0 1.
1705. Necter e. Noxar e. Nada re.
NECTERE, to tie bymaking a knot, to inter lace or tw ist one with another. Coronam nectere. H or . Aran ea sub t1 ab e nectit opus . Ovid .
Bracuia nectere. Id . Figuratively. Omnesvirtutes inter se mexa et
jugatae sunt . Cic. Und ique.
regi dolus nectitur . Liv. Causas nectisinanes, Virg., You allegevai n p retences .
—NEXARE (f reyuentative ofnectere) exp resses more
0
action. Nexantemmod is, seque 1n sua mem
bra plicantem. Virg .— NODARE, to knot. Crines nodantur in aurum,
V i rg., A twist of gold ties up her ha ir.
1 706 . Necubi. Necunde.
NEGUE I , lest in any p lace, f or the question ub i ) . Necubi h ostiatquo se committeret loc o . Liv. Quia quondam publica sacra peripsos reges factitata erant, necubi regum desiderium esset, regemsacrificiorum creant. l d .
— NECUNDE , lest from any p lace, (f or thequestion und é ). C ircumspectabat, n ecunde imp etus in frumentat ores fieret. Liv. N ecunde in stationibus Punicis conspiceretur . Id .
Ne
'
cubi and necunde areputfor me alicub i, ne aiicund é .
1707. N egligentia . Incuria .
NEGL IGE'
NT IA , negl igence, indifl'
er ence. In re familiari labor 1os1orest negl igent ia, quam diligentia. Cic. N egligentia cor rump it ani
mum. Id .—INCUR 1A , (non cura ) carelessness . Non ego paucis of
fendar macul is , quas aut incuria fudit, aut h umana parum cavit natura. H or . Vi tup eranda est rei max ime n ecessaries tanta incuria.
Cic. N egligentia, non attend imus ; incun a, non'
curamus . G. D .
1 708 . Negotia tio. Occupa tio .
NEGOT IAT IO , commerce, trade, tr afi ic. Ut ad reliquias Asintiesenegotiationis p roficiscar is . Cic. Negotiationes quoque vel p rivatopudendas p repalam exercuit. Suet .
— Occup A '
r l o , properly the taking possess ion of what isvacant. Sunt autem p rivata naturanulla,sed aut vetere occupatione, ut qui quondam invacuavenerant. Cic.
I t is sa id Qf the occupa tion, employment, or business one is employeda bout. Ipse erammax imis occupationibus imped itus. Cic. Inmaximis OCCUpationibus nunquam intermittis studia d octr inw. Id .
1709 . Negotiosus. N egotia lis.
NEGOT IO SUS , full of business. Provincia negotiosa etmolesta. Cic.
— NEGOTIALI S , concern ing trade, business, 81 0 . Negotialis constitutio
est qua in ipso negotio juris civilis habet implicatamcontroversiam.
Cic.
1 710. N egotium. Res.
NEGOT IUM , (non ot ium) 1 . Labour, pa in, work. Ut in otio ess et
potius quam in negotio. Ter . N ego t iumalicui exh ibere , Cic., Tovex ,
to tease one. 2. Afiairs, business. A li ena negotia curo . H or . Est mih in egotium cum illo . C . Nep . Cum tot sustineas et tanta negotia so
lus. H 0 t .— RES , a th ing , is sa id indiscr imina tely of anyth ingwhatever,
the sense being determined by the subj ect. Facere rem d ivmam. Cic.
Res tua agitur. Id . Reimilitaris sci entia. Id . Res secundae , adversm.
H or . Patr iam rem p erdere . Id . Res est admodumfragilis h umanumcorpus. Cic. Non re ductus es, sed op ini one . Id .
171 1 . N egotium f acessere. Negotium agere. Negotium gerere . N egotium con/icer e.
N EGOT IUM FACES SERE, to cause trouble, to crea te difiiculties . Cdm
est allatum ad nos d e temer itate eorum qui tib i nego tium facesserent. Cic.
— NEGO'
e AC ERB, to mana e or govern an afi‘
ai r , to be
busy about it. Peregrin i o fficium est n iIi il p raeter suum negotiurn
agere . Cic.—N z con um ( 1 11 11 11 11 11: expressesmore, and signifies the sup
1717. N exus . Nodus.NEXUS , (fromnectere ) a twisting made cf someth ing pliant and
flexible. Recurvo serpunt n exu h ed eree. Ovid . Figur ativl Legisn exus. Cic.
— Nonus , a knot, a tie, a bond. N odus crmium. er . Solvege modum. Cic. Dracones tanta: magnitud inis, ut et ipsos circumflexu facili amb iant , nexuque no
‘di perstringant . Plin.
-
N odus is alsosaid of thelamps or knots in any tree, sh rub, p lant, 81 0 . Arbor is imampartera , quam in terramd emissurus es, acutissimafalce juxtanod umamputato . Col. It moreover signifies the j ointsg
"
the body , and the li
gatures of thej oints . Ar ticulor'
umn odi . Plin . rura sine nod is. Cass.f igurat ively N odus amicitize
‘
. Cic. Max imus in Republics. nodusest, inop ia rei frumentar iae, Id ., Scarcity of corn is the greatest d ifii -iculty of a republ ic.
1718 . N exus . Nerum. Mancipiumu
N EXUS and NEXUM , (synonymousw ith mancip ium) is sa id 1 . Of acei tainformal ity used in moi tgaging a th i wh ich was pract ised witha pai
’
f of scales, and the money in hand. gamma est quod per libramagitur . 2. A k ind of promise in wr iting , bywh ich a f reeman , unable top ay h is debts, became h is creditor ’s bondman, and engaged h imself toserve h im. Nam e ts i unciar io ' faenore facto levata usura e rat, sorteipsaobruebantur inop es , nexumque inibant id est, se et corpo re et
bonis obligab‘
ant,‘ d evinciebantque cred itoribus . LIV.
—MANC I P I UM ,
(synonymous with nexus ) 1 . Right of p roperty , prop er ty itself : Cujus
p roprium te esse scribis mancip i o et n exu, Cic . , To whom, accordingto your own wr iting , you decla re your self to belong by r igh t of p rop erty,a nd by a bond. Fructus est tuus, mancip ium i llins . Id . 2. A contract
qf sale. ZEdes Sergio servieban t, sed Mat ins in mancip i o non d ix
e rat, Cic. , Sergius had a r igh t of servitude on the house, butMul ius hadnot mentioned i t in the contract of sale . 3. Wa rranty . Mancip i o dare,Plant, To warrant the possession cf .
171 9 . N id or . Odor . Odores.
N IDOR , the scent or smell of any th ing roasted or burnt. Ill i ingensbarba reluxit, nid oremque ambusta dedit. Virg. Ganearumn ido r etfumus
, Cic .— ODOR , a smell, whether agreeable or disagreeable . Un
guentorum odor. Cic. Odor oris et c orp oris teterr imus. Id .
rativel Odo r quidam SUSp icionis . Cic. Est nonnullus odo r dictaturar, d ., There is a surmise (f a dictator.— ODORES ( in the p lural )
generally signifies sweet odours, perfitmes. Suavitas odo rum. Cic.
naves miscet is Odores. Virg. Incendere Odores. Cic.
1720. N ih il. N ih ilum.
N IHI L , by contracti on n il, from non and h ilum, the l i ttle blackmark of a broad-bean) noth ing . N ih il agebat . Cic. Prorsus n ih il abest,quin sim miserr imus . l d . noth ingness. Ex n ih ilooriri , et in 11 111 111111. occidere . C ic. Ad 11 1111111 11 1 r ecid unt omnia. 1d .
1721 . N ih ilditm. Nond itm. Nequedfim.
N IH ILDUM, noth ing asyet. Brundusio 11111111111 11. erat allatum. Cic.
Bum nihildflm susPicantem ad me vocavi . Id — NONDUM and N}:
QUEDUM, notyet. Nondum satis constitui qui d mih i faci endum 51t.
403
Cic. Sed ej us re i maturitas neqiiedumven it, et tamem appmp inquat . Id .
1 1722. N ihilominits . Tamen'
.
N I H ILOMINUS , notwithstanding , nevertheless, distingu ishes two
things seeming ly opposed, one of wh ich i t ma inta ins without destroy ingthe other.
,N ih ilominus ut ego ah sim, h aac confici p ossunt. Cic.. Conat
‘
us est nih ilominus d e pace agere . Cass — TAMEN , however, afi rmsaga inst contra ry appea rances . Quanquam abest a culpa, susp icionetamea mon ,
care t . C ic.
1723. N imis . Nimiz‘
tm.
N I M I S and N IM IUM , too much , excessively . Let it be remarked, thatn imis is an adverb, and n imium (fl ea a noun. Nimis magnum stu
d 1um. Cic. Magma n imis licentia. 1d . Nimium bom. Id . Nimis b on iwould be improper . Cicero has however sa id, N imis insid iarum adh iber 1 videtur. Med 1ocr itas quae est inter n imium et parum. Cic.
1 724. N isus . N ixus.‘
N rsus and l us , (fromn iti ) an efi‘
or t. Insoliti n isus. H or . Ter'
t ia sed postquammaj ore h astilia n ixu aggred ior . Virg. Itmust however be observed, tha t nixus is often sa id of the labour or trava il inbring ing forth young ones . H aud foetus nix ibus edunt. Virg. Matu
r is n ix ibus ed itus . Id . Nix ibus ex alvo matris natura p rofud it'
. .Lu
Cret.1 725. N iveus. N ivalis. Nivosus.
N I VEUS , of snow, as wh ite as snow. Sed j acet agger ibus u ive is iaformis terra. Virg . N iveas cygnos . l d .
— NW A LI S , snowy . N ivalisdies . H or . N ivalesventi . Virg. It a lso expresses the colour of snow.
N ivali candore . Virg .— N I V O SUS , f ull of; or abundant in, snow. Ni
vosa Scyth ia. Ovid. Nivosa hyems. Liv.‘1 726. Nocturnus. Noctuabundus.
NOCTURNO S , of or perta in ing to n igh t. H armnocturnae. Cic . La
b ores d iurn i nocturnique. .I d .— NOCTUABUNDUS , that travels or is
abroad late in th e n igh t. Cum complicarem h anc epistolam,noctua
bundus ad mevenit cum ep istola tua tabellar ius . Id .
1 727. Arolle. N on velle.
NOLLE , not to will a t a ll , to be absolutely unwill ing . Nolunt ubi
vel is ; ubi n olis cup iunt ultro. Ter . N olo mentiat e . Id — NON V ELLEexpresses less, and s ign ifi es not to wish . Nulla sedes est , quc
‘
) concurrant i i qui Rempublicam defensam nonvelint. Cic.
1728 . Nomen. Prcenomen . Cognomen . Agnomen .
NOMEN was theproper name that distinguished thef ami/yfromwh ichevery one drew h is orig in, as Pompey ,Manl ius, Cornelius. N omen est
quod cuique p ersonae data r, quo suo quisque p ropriio et certo vocabulo appellatur . C ic.
— PRJEN OMEN was the fi rst name that distin
guished each individua l , as Ma rcus, Lucius, Publ ius . S ine p raenominefamiliar iter ad me ep
istolammisisti. Cic.
— COGNOMEN , a surname,added to that wh ich one has f rom. h is f a ther, f rom someth ing remarkable, such as Scip io , l entulus , Dolabella , each of wh ich was a branchof the Carnelian f amily .
— AGNOMEN, a name g iven on account of2 D 2
a doption , or of some grand action, or some particula r adventure . I t
came last if all, f or example, Lucius Corneli us Scip io Af r icanus . Lu
cius is p raenomen ; Cornelius, n omen ; Scip io, cognomen ; Af r icanus,agnomen. Authors d id sometimes use cognomen mstead of agnomen.
C icero, mentioning the other Scip io, says . ex A51a Cogn omen assumps it.
1 729 Nomen. Vocabulum.
N omina, says I/arra, d ifi‘
erunt a vocabulis , ide o quod sunt fini ta,ac s ign ificant res p r Opr ias, ut Remus, Romulus ; cumvocabula s intinfinita, ut vir , muli e r. Si res suum n omen et p ropriumvocabulumnon h abent. Cic. Ovid has made use of vocabulum instead o/nomen .
Bacchus, addressing h imself to Ar iadne , says, Tu mih i j uncta toro ,mih i j uncta vocabula sumes . 11 am t ib i mutata: Libera nomen er it.
When I say urbs Roma, urbs i svocabulum, and Roma i s n omen . No
mina is a lso sa id of ol ligations or notes of hand relating to debts . NO
mina mea ex solvo . Cic. Pecuniam s ib i es se in nominibus, numeratam in p raesentianon h abere . Id .
1 730 . Non tantitm. Tuntitmnon . Tantum qabd .
NON TANTUM , not only . Non 1 1111 1 11 111 parum commode, sed e tiamturpiter . Cic.
— TANTUM NON , a lmost,very near . Tantum non Sparta capta est.— TANTUM QUOD , scarcely , not quite. Tantum quOd exA rp inat i ven e ram, cum mih i te l ittera red d itmsunt. Cic. Tantumquod aratoribus obsides non dedit. Id .
1 731 . Notia. Notitia . Cognitio. Per ceptio .
NOT IO , a notion,an idea (y
‘
any th ing . No tio est conformatio qua:d am et imp ressa i1itelligentia. Cic. Dei notionem nullum an imal est
quod h abet , praeter h ominem. Id .- NOT IT IA , knowledge , intelligence.
N otitia antiquitatis . Cic. Propter no titiam intromissi. C . Nep . NO
t ionem would be improper . Dei n oti tia i s the knowledge of a God ; and
D ei moti o is the idea , the notion of a God. Notio i s
D
sa id of any ideathat 1s the work Qf our own mind.
—COGN I T I O , a knowing , or knowledge got bymeans If examination or study . Cogn itio rerum occul
tarum. Cic. Fi eri nullO mod o po test a t a pueris tot rerum insitas inan imis notiones
‘
h aberemus, nis i an imus antequam corpus intrassetin rerum cognit ioneviguisset. Id .
-PERCEPT IO , (cap er e per ) a taking , a ga ther ing or receiving . Frugum fructuumque reliquorum perce
o
ptio et conservatio . Cic. Figura tively . a perceiving , an imp ressionmade on us at the p resence of obj ects, a conceivi ng, an idea , a thought.An imi perceptio . Cic. Neque h oc quicquam esset turp ins, quamcogn itioni et percep tioni asser tionem app robationemque p recentrere . Id .
1732 . Nova re. Innovare.NOVARE , (f rom novus ) to make new, to render new . Sto ici plu
r ima verba novérunt, Cic. , The S toics have made many new words .
Fortuna fidemmutata novavit, Virg., Fortune happeni ng to change,g ave a new proof of her inconstancy . Qui novar i al1quid volebant,C ic., l l/ho wa nted to cause changes .
—INNOVARE, to renew . Caeteravisu, quam dictu fce d iora terrmem innovarunt. Liv. Quo te modoad intemperantiam, scelerate , innovast i . Cic. Qui novat, nova facitqui innovat, red integrat. G. D .
1 s
i nj ury. Nocens ferrltm, ferroque nocentms 'aurum. Ov1d . Tela no
cent1a. Id .
“ MultOnocentiOres quam fe ra sumus .
’Plin . Nocens alsoSi nocentissimus h omo damnar i poss it. Cic. Necens,
n is i accusatus fuerit, condemnari non p otest. Id . Nocens est, sms
Doletus , vel qui damnum calamitatemque infert, vel qui turp iter aliqui d agit, aut maleficium committit.
1739 . Nabere. Uxorem ducere.
NOBERE, om nubes ) p roperly , to cover one'
s sel with a veil, because brides
'
wereveiled on their wedd ing day.
'
It is only sa id of thewife: Nupta est cum illO . C ic. Consobrino suo nupsit. Id . Urio rinubere nolo mea , will not be a w if e
'
to mywif e, i . e.
not have a wife that sha ll bemym‘
aster.— UXOREM DUCERE, to marry ,is only sa id of ruenybecause the bridegroom went to the br ide
'
s to f etchher away. Dux it ux orem patrevivo . Cic. Emor iar si nonorem duxero. Tet .
1 1 174-O. Nubes. N imbus.‘ N ebula ;'
Theie 711/ai ds dénbte thevapours that rise up out of the earth into thea irfa
'
hd generally, af ter cohdensing in the upper r egions,'
ar e turned i ntora in
'
; with this d ifi'
er ence; t’
ha'
t NUBES d enotes avast quantity of waterscollec
‘
téd’
in the'
air ; thé’
f orerunners y‘
a storm N IMBU S characteriz esa th ick black
'
clou'
d, driven'
by'
stor’
m‘
s and NEBULA‘
is especial ly sa idof those clouds that are in the moist elevated part Qf th eatmosphere.
bula impl ies the idea of elevation,“
nub es that of quantity , and of a
storm"
; n imb'
us the'
idea of da rkness and 'obscurity .
'
Ca lum, in quo
nubes, imbres;vent i coguntur . Cic: A’
e‘
r-
concretus in nubem cogitur .
Id . SubitO coorta‘
tempestas cummagn o fragor e tam denso regemoperuit n imb o , ut conspectum ej us conci oni abs tuler it . Liv. Resolevunt ‘
ur neb'
u la vent is ac,sole . Ovi d.
“
fi gur a tively Obj icere unh emfraudibus . Hor . H unc qui dem nimbum
Stha l tumul t and confusion)
citO transisset la tor. Cic. Froutis unbeen a, Id . , An afl'
ected threaten
“l 741 . Nuda re. Deteger e. El uere.
“
11311111111 nix/red , or str ip'
qfi'
. Cum repenté h ominem inforo med ia nudari, et virgas
'
exped ir i j ubet. Cic.
‘
Armis nudare jcentem. Ovid . Gladi os nu
’
darunt; Liv.; They drew their swords. Ndare urbem, Id .
, Tomake a lar e breach in thewalls of a town . Figu
ratively Nudare scelus aliquo -To expose a crime. Nudare aliquem,
H or ., Tofind out any body’
s tricks and cunn ing — DETEGERE, to un
cover. JEd esvetustate atque incuriadetecta . C . Nep . Detexitventus villa in . Plaut. Figu ratively Detecta fraude. Liv. Detegere con
ditas insidias. l d .— EXUERE, (f rom i f, and lbw,vestio ) p roperly , to
undress, to pull of clothes . Exn ers tun icam. Ovid . f igurativelyH umanit
’
atem exuere . Cic . Antiquos mores exuere. Liv. Exuere
castris h ostem, Id ., To fight the enemy out of h is quarters or camp .
Dua civitates jugum exuerun t. Id .
1 . 1 74-2. Nudus'
. Nudatus
NUDUS exp resses the state (J a man naked, either by himself or otherwise . Nudus ara, sere nudus. Virg.
. Nudus in ign otajaceb is arena.
Id . Nuda pecto ra. Ovid . Nudo cuivertice fulva ca sar ies, nud iqueh umeri. Vrrg. Figuratively Nudus a p r0p inquis, Cic., W ithout
l
4 0
friends to defend or help him. . Agris paternis ,nudus, Hor ., Deprivedof his pa tr imony . Nadaveritas. Cic.
— NUDATUS , depr ived of. Super iorecp arte corporis nudatfi. Gees. Co rn icula nudata furtxvxsbus. -Hor .
~ Figuratively Respublica interitu Consulum nudata. Ci c.
Antonii divina wis ingeni i etiam h éc scientié nudata.,Id .
1 743. Nullo negotio.
(Nullo labore.
NULLO NEGOT IO , without any d ifiiculty or trouble Gd in idmillonegotio facere p ossis. Cic.
— NuLLo LABORE, without fa tigue, wi th
out labour. Nullo lab ore perfecit . ‘Cic.
1744. Numer are.. Recenser e.
NUMERARE, to count, to reckon. Numer arep ecun iam. Cic 119139 0“
.e r is felix, multos ‘ numerab is amicos.
EN SEBE, («nur sfis censere) to muster , .to review, to survey , .Iptre eensetxexercitum. Liv. ”Forte
“,recensebgt .nuaiesumchases
nepetes .:—V i rg.~ .Fort, ia gesta recenses Ovid .
i
”
174-5. Numerato. ‘
Numerosin
bywayof payment in ready money . Mih i et res at comd itio placet, sed ita ut numeratomalim, quam eestimatione, Cic., I
had ra ther pay moneyfor it thanJhevalue some other way.— NUME
ROSE, in ora tor ical numbers, with g raceful cadences, ha rmonious/y. Sen
teutia numerose cadit. Cic. Apteet numerose dicere. Id .
1 74-6 : M merosus. Numer abilis.-
‘
1 NUMERo svs ;mume1-ous, in great xnumbersn ~Hoc - opus .numerosasoscit manus.
tPlin. Figuratively s -var ioas in nunibers, harmon ious .
glumer osa'o ratioJCic.a Numerosa d ucere brach ia, Ovid., i . .e .w ith
the p roper measures . Det inuit nostras numero sus - H eratiqs .aures .
I d : be nmnbered or counted. POpulpsaanémamerabilisgvtpoté p arvus. Jor .
no
. 1 747. Namm .D enar ius.
NUMMU§ , (f rom ro'
uog, a law , ,because money (was introduced} ? bea law in trade ) a p iece of money or coin. Nummus aureus, Cic., Ac
cording to the p roportion that obta ins now in England, a gold coin worthl l. Os. 9d . sterling . Nummus Of Englis/wnonqy, sevenfa rth ings and a ehalf f ar th ing.
.Nummus ad ulter inus, Cic A.,cpynter
piece qf'money.
— DENA RIUS,' ( from decem) pr operly {containing
the number t of ten ; theRoman denier, a co inworth sevenpence- halfpennyof the
‘
pr esent English'money. Emere demario quad sit mille ,dena
r ifim. Cic. Nummus is understood. . -Sometimes .it is exp ressed. ) Denar ius nummus. Liv.
' 1748 . ,Nunciare. . Indicere.
NUNC IARE, to carry news, a
1 749 . N uncius . Tabellarius.
NUNC I USJovis et Deo
, a mefienger or bri nger of tidi ngs . Mercurius, nuncius
I d E.runu o r.
.
Nuncms sceler is tux. ClC. Nuncius p rwton s.
F
. t uuncmsibis I
’eli daegemto r i . Virg . Ab aliquo nuncius . Plaut.
tguratwely Vi rtuti nuncnum remittere, Cic., To renouncevirtue.TABELLARIUS
, f rom tabula ) a letter- ca rrier . Respond ebo ep istola:quam attulerat tabellar ius. C ic.
1 750. Natr ix . Nutr icula.
NUTR IX , from nutrire ) a nurse, afemale tha tg ives such. Nutrices‘
et paedagogi j urevetustatis plur imum benevo lentia postulabunt. Cic.
Ut p ene cum lacte nutricis err orem sux isse vid eamur . Id . Figura
tively Curar um nutrix nox . Ovid . Cato nutr icem plebis RomanaeS iciliam nominavit.— NUTR ICULA , a l ittle nurse, a tender nurse .
Qui dvoveat dulci nutricula maj us alumn o H o r . f iguratively Nutricula
.
causid icorum Africa. Juv. It is sa id (J men . Gellius nutriculased mosorum omn ium. Cic. Quintilian says casa nutricula, the cottage wh erein one has bee n brough t up
’
1751 . Obdur escer e. Obca llescere .
OBDURESCERE, to grow hard. S opater d e statué cum j am p ene-obd uruisset,vixvivus afl
'
er tur . Cic. Figura tively To become hardened ,-
or insens ible . Obd urescunt magis quot idieb on i vi ri ad vocem Tribun i p lebis. Cic.
— OBCALLESCERE, (f rom callum) to g row callous.
Osque meum s ensi pando obcaliescere r ostro . Ovid . Late ra quaoccaluere plagis . Plaut. Figura tively to become insensible. Anger
equidem, sed j am p rorsus occalui . Cic. N esci o quomod d usu ob
d uruerat, et percalluerat civitatis incred ibilis pati entia . 1 d .
752. Obed ire. Obtemperare. Obsequi . Pa rere . fll orern gerere. M'or i
ger ar i .
OBED IRE, quasi ob audire ) to obey literally , as slaves do. Deo
obed iunt maria ter r teque. Cic.— OBTEMPERARE, to take the true
sense (f a command , to obey as a son does a f a ther . Nec verb solumut obtemperent obed iantque magistratibus , sed e tiam, &c. Cic. Sic
mih i semp er obtemperavit tanquam fi lius patri . l d .— OBS EQUI , (se
qui ob ) to comply with the will of other peop le, to act with compla i
sance. Nos quoque senes est aequum senibus obsequi. Ter . Obse
quarvoluntat i tuae. Cic. Obsequi alicui in omn ibus . l d .— PARERE,
to submit'
or yield to . Qui legibus non p ropter metum paret . C ic.
Opp idum illud paret reg i . Plin. Parere guid e. H on— Mo rtem G E
BERE, to humour one, to bef a ll qf condescension to h im and hi s op in ionor will . G eram t ibi morem, et ea quzavis , ut p o tero , explicabo . Cic.
— MOR I G ERARI , to endeavour to p lease , to gra tify . Metuisti, s i nunc
de tuo j ure concess isses paululfim, atque ado lescent i esses morigeratus , ne non t ib i istuc fmneraret. Ter . Voluptati aurium morigerar i
debet o rat i o , Cic. , A sp eech ought to g ratify the hearers with its sweet
thatcannot be broken
Oxmnml
maybesid es be observed, th at oblivioht‘thé iterj act
off orgetting , and oblivia a passive state
Oblactari. Obniti .
.iqggvc'
r am, tb stru le or'
striv'
e a t oc'
against.'
Genibus
vers‘aei)_b]uqt6r aife’uaz:géirgi
'
Oplimtari ‘
d i tfiéultatibus. Q.
“0 9mm, to th rus t aga inst, to shove on.
excep it. Liv. Obmxi séutis corpn ix i omn ia contra. Virg. Obnixi
infigunt (tauri ). Id .
1 759 . Obrizutescere. Obtorpescer e. Obstupescere.
di i. Cic. h aic‘
bieneficia’
Quibus ifli obStu es‘caut: nu]
no: Id . g’irg.
‘ Obst
Id .
1 760. Obruer e. Subruere.
OBnUEnE,d ibus ob ruere.
4 1J
t
i t is, that the most tr ifl ing th ing may eith er dep ress or rouse amindf ond of p ra ise.
1 761 . Obscoanitas . Tzirpitud o.
OBSCCENI TA S , (f rom oh and cmnum) obscen ityi n th ings or words .
In obscoenitate si quod sit flagitium, id aut 1 11 re esse , aut in verbo .Cic. O rationis obscoen itas. Id .
—TURPI TUDO , turp itude, dishonesty .
N o tari tu1 p 11tud 1ne Cic. V erborum turp itud o , ar rerum obsccanitas
vitanda. Id . V e1 borum obscaanitas , si turp itudin i rerum adbibeatur,
ludus me libero quidexuh omine dignas est. Id .
‘
1762. Observantia . Observatio .
OBSERVANTIA, (f rom ob and servare ) regard, esteem, submission.
Observantia .1 11 regem cumomn ibus, benignitate erga alias cuin regeipso cer tabat. Liv. Ret inera observantia amicos. Cic. Quae magn itud o observantiae tot beneficiis resp ondere p oter it Id . It i s taken
authors i n the sense of usage, custom, practice. Observantiat emp o rum. Ve1. Paterc . Ex h ac
.
observantia nonnunquamvel anteinitium, vel p ost d imissum convivium solus cmnitabat, cum p lenoc onvivi o ni h il tangeret . Suet.— OBSERVAT IO , an observation, a re
fl ection . Summa e rat observatio 1n bello movendo apud antiques.
Cic. Diuturna observatio notand is rebus fecit artem. Id . N otitia.sui corp oris et observatione sustentatur valetud o . Id . Va leriusMax
imus has used it i n the sense if observance or ri te. Ut religionibus suusten or suaque observatio red d e1 etur.
1 763. Obsessio . Obsidio .
Although these two words are often used indiscriminately, it may beobserved that OBSID I O (f rom obsideo ) is the act of besieg ing ; a nd
OBS ES S IO from obsessus ) is the act of be ing besieged. Ubi id rdm
p r ocessit obsidi one , munitionibus ce p ti p remi h ostes. Liv. O ssessio
temp lorum, oppressio curiae Cic.
0 J ’J J 1 1 -0 J
1 7641 Obsidere. Opptigni
are.
OBSIDERE, ( sedere ob ) to bestege. Aditus armati obsid ent'. Cic.
A town is besieged by cutting ofi u al l commun ica tion.— O PBUGNARE,
(pugnare 0 b ) to fi ght aga inst, to assault Consil iis ab oppugnanda- urbe ad obsid end amve rs is . Liv. Figur a t ively : Oppugnare aliquem
p ecunia. Cic. Oppugnare verb is commoda patri ae. Id .
l ‘m ‘
i fl z 1‘
r "
1 765. Obsonar e. Obsonare.
OBSONARE, from sonus, sonare ob ) prop erly , to sound before or
round, is only used in a fi gura tive sense , to speak wh ilst anoth er is'
speaking , so tha t he cannot be heard Malemor igerus, mali : facismih i, cum s ermone h u ic obsonas. Plaut. —OB SONA 11 13 and OBSO
NARI , ( framebdrm», oxlrw'
r tor , ,w ha t as eaten with bread) to cata s
u to buyvictua ls . Tene marsup ium, abi a tque obsona, p ropera. Blaut. .Post
"
u obsonavit h erus, et .Drachmis obsonatus est- decem, Ter . ,
'He pa id ten dr achms for . the
l ively Ambulando famem obsonare, Cic., To get an appetite bywalking .
5
1 766 . Obstare. Ofi icer e.
OBSTARE, (stare ob ) properly, to be or stand before or over—against.
Obstant opp ido gemini colles. Q. Curt. Figuratively To oppose,to withs tand, to be an impediment. Conatibus alicuj us obstare . Ovid.
Por tenta Deum obstant . Virg.- OFFICERE, (facere ob ) to be an ob
s tacle, to be in the way. Terra) umb ra soli ofi cit. Cic. FigurativelyTo be inj ur ious or hurtful . Libertati o fficere . Liv. Officere, obstarec ommodis alicujus. Cic. Quon iam e i p ecun ia vita Sexti Roscii ebs tare atque oificere vid ebatur . Id . Mantis tumquasi luminibus officit altitude fortune meae. Id . Qui efficit, contra facit ; qui obs tat, contra stat, The f ormer hurts, the la tter stops and h inders . G. D.
1767. Obtendere. Obteger e. Obducer e
.OBTENDERE, ( tendere ob ) to sp read bty‘b re, so as to h ide or cover.
Proque vir o nebulam etventes ob tend it inan es. Virg. Figura tivelyMatris p reces obtend ebat, Tac. , Hegave for an excuse th e entrea t iesof h is mother . Frustra liber tatis vecabulum obtend itur . l d .
— OB
T EGERE, (tegere 0b ) to cover over Seque servorum liber torumquesnorum co rpor ibus obtex it . Cic. Arbor ibus obtecta domus . Virg.
Figura tively Errata ad olescentize sum obtegere . Cic. An imus suiobtegens. Tao. Scelera nuper rep erta p r iscis verb is ob tegere. Id .
— OBDUCERE, (d ucere ob ) to lead, to draw out aga inst or over theo ly
’
ect. Obd ucere rebus tenebras, Cic .
,t iter a lly, to draw darkness
a long the obj ects, in order to cover them. Cicatrix obd ucta, Id ., Ac ica tr ice hea led up. Figuratively Obd ucere p osterum di em diei p rio ri, Cic., To continue and spe nd the next whole day.
768 . Obtrectare. Detr ectar e.
OBTRECTARE, to speak ill qf any body th r ough envy . Obtrectantis
est ang i ali eno bone , qudd id e tiam alius h abeat. Cic. Libellum ob
t rectare s ivolet malig nitas. Ph a d . Obtrectare laudes , and laud ibusalte rius. Liv.— DETRECTA RE, to detract, to lessen themer it of. Cir ca
invid ia est, nec quicquam aliud scit , quam d etrectarevirtutes . Liv.Ingen iummagn i liver d etrectat H omari . Ovid . Qui ob trectat, male
p raedicat de ali o ; qui d etrectat, laud em alicuj us minuit. G. l ) .
1 769 . Oblatas . Aspectus.
OBTUTUS , ( tueri ob ) an earnest look ing at. Figere obtutum ali
qub . C ic. Obtutu lueret d efixus in uno . Virg.— A SPECT US , aspect,
look, or s igh t. Sub aspectum et tactum cadere . Cic. Carere aspectu civium. Id . Aspectum aliqub conver tere, Id To turn one’ss igh t and looks towa rds an obj ect wh ereas ob tutum al iqud figere, is to
look a t it withfi xed eyes .
1 770. Obva llar e. Circumva ller e.
OBV ALLARE , (vallum ob ) to put a rampa rt be/h re ; it is only usedin afigur a tive sense . Me p rimum n ovum h ominem cousulem fee lsh e,et cum locum, quem nobilitas p razsid iis firmatum atque omn i
rat1on e obvallatum tenebat, me duce , recid istis . Cic.— C rnCUMV AL
LA K E, to inclose and j b r tgfywi th rampa rts or bulwarks . Non dub iumest qu in castra circumvallatur i sint. Liv. Opp idum bidud circumvallavit . Cees . Fzgura tively: Tot res (me ) rep ente circumval lant,und é emerg i 11 0 11 p otest.
'
I‘
er .
care . Hor . Armis obrutum necaverunt, Liv. Figuratively Anti
quissimam et sanctiss imamp arentempatr iam fame necandam putant.Cic.
— INTERF ICERE, ( facere inter) p roperly , to sepa ra te. Jammihih arumce md iu
'
m u'
sus interfectus est. Plaut. It genera lly s ign ifies top ut
u
lii death .
”
Equitem Romanum interficiunt. Cass ,
‘
n ratively :
Fer stabulis inimicum ignem,
‘
et interfice messes. Virg.—a l ter um
N exis,‘
( emere inter ) to tahé away , to undo , to ruin. Stirp em fratrisvi ri le;m interémit.
'
Liv. S i guee lnter imant innumerabilia sunt, etiamea
°
iiuae conservent, infinita esse deb ere . C ic.— PERIMERE, ( emere
per) to‘
tahe'
dwayw holly, to destroy , or kill. Indignamo rte peremptus. Virg . Perimere atque tollere ludos. Cic. Gumvetustas non
op era solummanu facta,‘
sed e tiam ipsam naturam paulatim exe
dendo p e'
rimat. Q . Curt. Although th eseverbs have the common signification of taking l ife away , and may beu sed indiscr iminately , theym “ be d istinguished thus, on account of their etymology we may sayia
'
theproper sense,“
aliquem ferr o occidi ; p lagis interfici ; vi interiusaut
'
ea
x ter ius admota necari fame, angor ibus, aerumnis inter imi ;
p estequalibet, exitioque per imi. G . D .—TRUC IDARE, (f rom trux )
to‘slay cruelty, to murder, to ‘
assassinate, tomassacre. Suppliciis cm.
ciatos trucidando occid it. Liv. Qui l iberos nostros trucidare volu
moa th and conf ession.2 (from ob and truncus ) to cub
of the head. Regem in p raclio obtruncat et sp oliat. Liv.
1 777 . Occup are. Invadere.
OCCUPARE, to seiz e or enter upon a th ingvacant, bef ore any one that
may have a cla im to it. Occupare locum. Cic. Gracch us regnumo ccupare conatus es t . Id . Occupant b ellum facere . Liv. Occupat
Tullius in agrum Sabinum transire . l d . I t s ignifies to put outmoneyto usur Pecunias
'
occuparat apud p opul os, et syngraph as fecerat.C ic. i
I
’ecuniam ad olescentulo grandi foenore occupavisti. Plaut.
INVADERE , to invade, to attach,to assa il . Invad unt urbemvino som
noque sepultam. Virg. In advenientem aliquem cum fero invadere.Cic . Figurat ively Invasit h oc malum in Rem
'
publicam. Liv. Quioccupat, rem in medi o positam cap it ; qui invad it , impetum facit.G. D .
1778 . Occupatus. Distentus. D istr ictus.
OCCUPATUS , ta ken up by'
bus iness,employed. Quamvis occupa
tus sis, otii tamea plus h abes. Cic. Quid d icam d e occupatis meist emp oribus , cum fuerit n ego tium quidem nunquam oti osum Id .
Occupat i in otio , Ph eed . , Occup ied without business . Comitiorumdi es me occupatiorem lnabebant. Cic.
— D I STENTUS , (d iversim ten
dere ) stretched out, fi lled up . D istentze lacte capellae. Virg. D is
tentius uber. H or . Figuratively busied, taken up wi th many things .
Sylla tot tantisque negotiis d istentus est , ut resp i ra re liberé non
p ossit. Cic. Neronem ci rca summa scelera d istentum. Tac.— Dx
S'
rmcrvs , (d iversim stringere ) drawn on all sides . D istr ictos in
4 15
Rempublicamgladios retudirpus. Cic Districta toga, Ph a d .,A
gown tucked up . Figura tively ,t‘ troubled,engaged, embdr rassed .
’ '
Sigen im h abetote nunquamme acansis et j ud iciis
'
d istrictioremfuisse .Cic. Crass i fuit amb ition is laborevita d istricta . Id . And in anothersense : Districtus accusator, Tac. , An
, active and , r igor ous accuser .
Districta foenet’
atrix , Val . IVI usizrer .
’
1779 . Odfi
iosus . Invisus.
Omo svs , odious. Od iosum sanegenius h ominum beneficia ex
p rob rantium. Cic. Ofl'
ensio omnis odiosaest‘
signifies, tiresome, i rksome. Od iosus mih i es lege , vel tabulasredde , Cic., Thou a r t a teasi ng man read the book or return it.Spemitur orator odiosas et loqqax ,
'
(non'
visus )pr oper ly , unseen . Non invisagsolum3 sed etiam inaudita sacra. Cic.
It s ignifies odious, unpleasant, because we do all we can‘
not to seewhatcreates dislike and d isgust. Ne invisa D iis imniortalibus n ostra V l
deatur orat io. Cic . Facere aliqueminvisumhi
l d .
1 788. Otlium. S imultas . lnimici tia .
OD IUM , ha tred , g reat an imos ity. Odium est ira inveterata. Cic‘
Odium d iutur num quod in b onos j am inveteratum h abetis, saturarecupiebatis. Id . I t is sa id qf a haugh ty, surly look, an intolerable pride.Quod erat odium, Dii immo rtales ! Quae sup erb ia ! Cic. I t is alsosa id Qf importun ity . Odi o me tuo cuecas . Ter. Tund end o , atqueodi o effecit senex , d espond it ci gnatam. Id . [t moreover s ignifieswear iness, an impa tience of the continuance of any th ing . Cfim h orastres fere d ix isset , odi o et strep itu senatus conatus est aliquando
p erorare . Cic.— S IMULTA S , (j rom simulat e ) secret ha tred, d issembled
ma lice. Simultates, quas mecum h abuit, dep osuit. Cic. H uic si
multas cum Cur ione interced ebat. Ca?S.— IN IM IC I T IA , ( or ,
morecommonly inimicitiae in the p lura l number) enmity , var iance between
f r iends . Inimicitia est ira ulciscend i tempus Observans. Cic. Tacitae
magis et occultae inimicitiee timendee sunt , quam indictee et apertae.
Id . Inimicitias inviris fo rtibus non s olum ex tinx it Reipublicae d ig~
n itas , sed etiam ad amicitiam consuetud inemque trad ux it. l d . S i
multas, says Vo lta, est mutuum odium odium p o test esse un ius h ominis .
1 78 1 . Odorar i . Olfacer e.
ODORAR I , to follow the scent. Canes,venaticos d iceres , ita od o
rabantur omn ia. Cic. Figura tively Sagacissime od orari quid ex
istiment judices . Cic. Quos odorari h unc Decemviratum susp icamini , l d ., t om you suspect to have a des ign upon the qfiice of a
Decemvir . OLFACERE , to smell a th ing . Cernere , audire , gustare ,olfacere, tan
‘
gere aliquid . Cic. Figura tively : Olfeci, Ter ., [f oundit out. Olfacere nummum, Cic. , To be in pursuit of money .
1 782. Odora tus. Odoras. Odor ifer .
ODORATUS , pe‘
rf umea’
, sweet- smelling , either na turally or ar tificiCan os od orati capillos . H or . Odoratum laur i n emus. Virg .
rata ced rus. l d .— OD ORp s , 1 . Of a sweet and p leasant smell.
Odorus flos. Ovid . Arb or odora. Id . 2. Quick- scented . Odoracanumvis. V i rg.
— ODORIFER and Odo riferus, (odorem ferens ) that
4 16
wh ich p roduces odours or perf umes . O d or iferaa silvze . Plin. Odorifera gens, Ovid.
, speak ing of the people if A rabia .
1783. Odoratus. Odoratio .
ODORATUS, (a substantive ) the smell , the sense Qf smelling , is a l
w ays used in a passive s ign ification. Pomorum jacundas non gusta
tus solum, sed odoratus e tiam et aspectus . Cic. N ih il necesse est
de gustatu et od oratu loqui. l d . a smell ing . Tactio
num et od orationumvolup tates. Cic.
1784. Ofi enda e. V iolare.
OFFENDERE , (f ront the obsolete word fendere , to dr ive away , tohurt, and 0b ) may be synonymous with violat e . In a fi gurative senseit s ignifies to shock , to qfi
'
end . Contumel ia aliquem offendere . C ic.
Amicum in nugis ofl'
endam H o r . Ex istimationem alicuj us offer»dere . C ic.
— VIOLARE , from vis ) to act with violence, to use f orceand compulsion . H ospites violat e. Cass. Justitiae partes sunt, nonvi olare h omines ; verecund ife non ofl
'
end ere. Cic. FigurativelyFce dusvi olare . Liv. Susp ici one vi olatavi rtus. 1d . FamamvioC ic.
1 785. Ofl'
ender e. Deprehender e.
OFFEND ERE ( synonymous with d epreh end ere ) difl'
ers f rom it inth is, tha t it s ignifies to take unawa re s, to f all upon unexpectedly . Im
paratum te ofi'
endam. Cic. Pate r j am li ic me ofi'
end et miseram ad
veniens cbrium. Plaut .— DEPREH ENDERE, to discover by examin ing ,
to fi nd out a th ing by sea rch ing . Ut.
tota res an ob is‘
man ifesté de
geh enderetur . Cic. Sicae quae apud eum erant, d ep reh ensze . Id .
epreh ensus est in man ifesto scelere . Id . Inop inatos ofi‘
end imusr em qua latebat d ep reh eud imus inqui rendo. G . D .
1786 . Ofl‘
ensa .
I
Ofl ensio .
OFFENSA , an (f ence, relatively to the ofi'
ending party . Per iculosa
p o tentium ofl'
ensa . Quint. Satis patuit 1 is , qui p r incipum otfensas
acriter speculantur . Tac . Ofi‘
ensa est , quod corum qui audiunt,voluntatem lazd it. Qu int.— OFFEN S IO is an ofl
'
ence rela tively to the
of'
ended pa rty . In odium et ofi'
ensionem aliquorum incurrere. Cic.
O lfensio p roperly signifi es a runn ing or stumbl ing aga inst. Corp orumofl
‘
ensiones sine culpaaccid erc possunt animorum non item. Cic.
1787 . Ofiicia . Merita . Beneficia .
OFF IC IA , acts (f f r imd ly k indness ; they rela te to services done toother people . Tua ergame officig p lena tui suavissimi stud ii . Cic.
MER ITA , good turns tha t deserve gratitude . Pro tant is eorum in Rempublicam mer itis h onores eis h abeantur , gratimque referantur . Cic.
Bl agua Lamiaz in me non dico ofiicia , sed merita potiixs. l d . Magmaej us in me merita ; mea qua d am officia in illum. l d .
— BENEFIC IA ,
benefits, g ood offices . Th ey a r e f ree acts of the doers. We receive b eneficium q
“
h im who migh t not have been l lamewor thy b not bestowingi t. In collocand is beneficiis mores h 0minum, non {gnunam sequi
convenit. Cic. Beneficia esse , qua: ali enus d et ; ali enus est qui potuit sine rep rellensione cessare : ofiicia esse filii, ux o ris, et earum
p ersonarum, quas necessitudo suscitat, et ferre opem jub et. Sen.
1 793. Omnis. Totus. Cunctus. Universus.OMNI S maybe sa id ingenera l of a ll the individuals, of all thespecies
of a genus, and qf a ll the pa rts of a th ing , wheth er these o lj ects be con~
szder ed as united or dispersed . Omnis exercitus, omnes mi lites, emulsclamo r, omnes h omines.
—TOTUS only s ignifies a whole, in referenceto a ll its pa rts . Tetm sedes, te tus exercitus. We do not say omn isorb is, but tetus orb is.
— CUNC '
r US includes the assemblage of a ll theindividuals, or of a ll the speci es, considered as uni ted togeth er . Cuncta
gens, cuneta civitas. Cuncti s imul ere fremebant Dardanid ae. Had
V i rg il intended to say that a ll the Troj ans that were in theworld hadsuch or such a sentiment, he should have sa id omnes, and not cuncti.
UN IVERSO S rises above the idea if cunctus : it does not only signifya ll the obj ects un ited, but a lso a ll without excep tion, a ll a t once and to
gether . Cuncti clamare cmperunt s ignifies that a ll those who com
p osed,f or example, an assembly of thepeople, cr ied out. Un iversi clamare caeperuut adds to the above id ea that a ll, without any exception,cried out at once, as it were but one cry. Phced r us, in the tale of Pr inceps Tyb icen, says, Ut vere cuneis res patuit omn ibus, as soon as it
was know n in a ll pa rts of the amph ithea tre, eith er to a ll a t once, or toone af ter the other : Princeps ab un iversis cap ite est pretrusus feras,all at once cr ied out tha t he should be driven out (f the p lace. Omnis
i s opposed to nullus, or to pauci ; tetus, to pars ; cuncti to sej unctiuniversi to singuli. In many instances these four words may be usedthe one instead of the oth er , when we want to exp ress the whole of a
th ing in ref erence to i ts d ifler ent pai ts . I t is true tetus cannot have theextens ive s ignifica tion of emmis but emmis includes tha t of tetus . In
not cons ider ing the union or dispers ion of the parts, we may saywith
p ropr iety , obviam se efl'
ud it omn is civitas, in the sense g”
Horaced icemus, Io , triumph e , civitas omnis . Te ta civi tas, cuneta civitas,un ive rsa civitas se obviam Caesar i efl
'
ud it . Poets sometimes use thesewords indiscriminately .
1794. Oneratus . Onastus.
ONERATUS (fi om onus ) burdened, conveys the idea of an overburdening load. Onerata et przegravata corpora. Liv. Jumenta ene
rata plagis. Her . Figuratively : Oneratus spe prazmi erum. LIV.
Que ( pleb iscite ) eneratus magis quam h eneratus sum. l d .— Ove s
TUS, laden or loaded, includes only the idea of a load. Onustze fru
mente naves. Cic. Onustus p raeda. Liv. Figuratively Pectus onustum laetitia. Plaut . Corpus onustum h esternis vitiis. Her .
1 795. Opacus. Umbrosas. Umbratilis .
OPACUS, (f iom eper ire ) th ick, bushy . Opaca arbor . V i rg . Ripii
viridi et Opaca inambulare. Cic.— UMBnosus , j h ll Qf
‘
shade, shady .
C ollis umbresus. Ovid . Arb or umbresa. Virg.— UMBRA '
r t s , keeping out of s ight, as it were in the shade. Umbratilis exercntatie . C lC .
V i ta umbratilis et d elicate . Id . Figuratively Orati o ph i losepli erummollis et umbratilis . Cic.
1 796 . Op in io. Opinatio.
OPI N IO, op in ion it is tahen both actively and passively . Magna
est h 0minum d e te op in io . Cic. H ome magna: OPIDIODIS, l d ., Aman
4 19
h ighly esteemed. Habere Opinionein p ietatis, Id . , To be thought a
p ious man.-OPI NAT IO , an a ssent g iven to th i ng s without a sufi icient
evidence, to an op in ion wh ich is probable. Opinationem volunt esseimbecillam assens ienem. Cic. Op inatio est, j udicare se scire quodnesciat. Id . Seph ista inep tae et mord acis op inationis . Va]. Max .
Op in i o is the cause , and op inatio the eff ect.
1797. Op iniosus. Opinabilis.
OPIN I O SUS , full of new hypotheses, g iven to novelty . Antipateret Arch idamus vel d uo p rincipes d ialecticorum, op iniosissimi h o
mines , n onne multis in rebus d i ssentiunt Cic.— OPI NABILI S, ima
gina ry, fancif ul, conj ectura l. Artes quae conj ecturé continentur , et
sunt op inabiles. Cic. Omnisque ep inabilis d ivinatie ; conj ecture“
:
enim n ititur . Id .
1 798 . Opor tet. Opus est.’
eces se est.
OPORTET , i t ought, it must be,denotes an obl iga tion imposed by
duty,by becomingness . Opor tere est consentaneum esse officio . Cic.
Est aliquid quod non op er teat, et iamsi licet ; quidquid verc‘
) non licet,certenon opor tet . l d . Opor tet putare ,
et convenit arb itrari . .Id .
OPUS EST , it is needful, th ere is need , rela tes to wants,to circum
stances. Si loque r de Republicfi quod opor tet , insanus ; si quedOpus est, servus ex istimor . C ic. Opor tet et opus est h oc fier i. Id .
-NECESS E EST , it is necessary , denotes in a specia l manner an indispensable obligation. Non opor tet modo fier i, sed etiam necesse est .Quint. Ferre legem Consu li Opus esse , sib i necesse non esse. Cic.
Emas non quod Opus est, sed quod est n ecesse. Sen . Co rpus’
mortale alique temp ore inter ire n ecesse est . C ic . Poets f r equentlymaheuse if necessum. Is is very seld om found in p rose. Necessum est:
paucis resp ondere . Liv.
1 799 . Op tabilis . Optivus .
OFTAB ILI S , des irable , el ig ible. Quae vulgo expetenda ct Op tab ilia.videntur . C ic. Mih i pax semp er fuit op tab ilis. l d . Justi tia p er seipsam op tabilis. l d .
— OPT I V US ,‘
assumed, that may be chosen in pr ef erence . Op tive COgnomine crescit, H or ., He takes a surname chosenby h imself .
1 800. Op tabiliter . Optatb. Peroptatb.
OPTABILITER , with a rdour of des ire , eagerly. Quinn optab iliteriter illud ineund um est. Cic .
— O p TA To, as onewould wish , accordingto one
'
s d es ire. Optato advenis. Cic.- PBROPTATG, even as onewould
wish or desi re most a rdently. O tium quod nunc pereptato n ob is d atum est. Cic.
1 801 . Optatum. Optio.
OPTATUM is p roperly an adj ective ; a wish or desire. IVIeis optatisfortune resp ondet. C ic. H aec non cogitata sapientum, sed optatafur iosorumvid entur . Id .
— OPT I O , a choice,an option or election. Op tio
here tua est ; uttam h arumvis cond itionum accipe. Plaut. Op tio
,Slt tua, elige utvoles . C ic. Si mea op tio esset. Id .
1 802. Orare. Rogure. Obsecrare. Obtestar i. Supp lica re. Pr‘
ecar i.
ORARE, (f rom 0 3 ) p roperly , to sp eak : Orator orig inates f rom2 E 2
o rare , taken in th is sign ifi cation. Talibus o rabat Juno . Virg. O rarecausam, Cic., To speak in d efence (f a cause. I t most commonly s
'
nifies to beg or entreat. Orat multis et supplicibus verbis ut sibi
l
iiceat. Cic. Te e tiam atque etiam o re , utme tuendem suscip ias. Id.
- ROGARE , to crave,to beg as a g reat favour . Modestumverbum
est, et demisso vultu d icendum, rogo . Sen . H oe to ita rege, utmaj ore studi o rogare non p ossim. Id . Pro amore n ostro rege atqueo re . l d .
— Os sncna ns , (quasi per sacra rogare ) to beg or conj ure bya ll that is sacred, to beseech f i r God
’
s sake . Benique ipse ad ex tre
mum pro meavos salute non r ogavit solum,verum e tiam obsecravit.
C ic . Orare atque obsecrare ut s ib i Senntum adire ac d ep recar i liceret. l d .
— Oa r s s r am, ( from ob and testis ) to conj ure by a ll that
is dear . Ore obtestorque te p ro ve tere n ostra conj unctione . Cic.
I demque ut facias te obtestor atque obsecro . Id ..
-SUPP,L ICARE ,( from supplex ) to beg on one's lznees . Ipsum h unc o rabo , supplicabo . Te r. Prosternere se, et fracto an imo atque h umili supp licarealieni . CIC.
.
-PRECAR I , to p ray , in order to obta in wh at one wishes .
Quos ado rent, ad quos precentur er. supp licen t, superesse . Liv.Precari , i inp lorare Deos , ut urbem defendant . Cic . Neetu ven ir ed omem ad eum, p recari , d enique supplicare . Id . Candidates regal:
s inge los , ut sib i faveant ; e rat , precatur h omi nes gratiosos ; reussupplica; j ud icibus, p recatur i lles, obsecrat, obtestatur . G . D.
1 803. Ora tio . Sermo .
ORAT I O , an oration, a ha rangue. Ornatus orationis. Cic. O ratiopuris et electis verb is comp osite. l d .
— SERMO , from serere ) common discourse, f amilia r ta lk. Sermo may be sa id if any one ; ora
tio is especia lly sa id of an ora tor. Mo llis est o rati o ph iJOSOph orume t umbratilis ; n ih il iratum h ab et , n ih il atrox , n ih il mi rab ile , n ih ilastutum itaque sermo potifis qufim orati o d icitur , quanquam omn isl ocuti o orati o est, tamen unius oratoris locut i o h oc p rop ri o signatan omine est. Cic. S ermo est orati o remissa, et finitima quotid ianmlocutioni. Id . Sermo is sa id of r umours and reports. Ex tu is litteris ,et ex multo rum sermonibus intelligo. Cic. Sermo est totoAsiadiss ipates. Id .
1 804. Orator . Rhetor.
ORATOR is he who delivers a speech ,on ora tor. I s o rator eritmeii
quidem sententia, h oc tam gravi ( lignus n omine , qui , quaacunque resinciderit, quae sit d ictione explicanda , prud enter , comp osite, o rnate,et memoriter d icat, cum quad am et iam act ionis dignitate . Cic. Ora
t o rem eum puto esse qui et verb is ad aud iendum j ucund is , et sen
tentiis ad p robandum accommodatis uti possit in causis forensibus
atque communibus eumque esse praetereainstructumvoce , act ionee lep ore quedamvolo . Id . It is smd cy
'
an ambassador , of a lega te,ecause he speaks in the name cf those who have appo inted h im. Ad
Pyr rh umde captiv’
is red imend ismissus o rator. C ic.— Ram o n , from
pi ca , to spea k) a rh etor ician who g ives lessons on ora tory . Qui Rh e
t o res nominabantur , et d icend i p ra ce ta trad unt . Cic. Rh etor ma
g ister d eclamand i. Id . Quas i rh eto r i le d iser tum facere p osset. Id .
1 805. Orbare . Pr ivare. V iduare.
ORBA RE, to bereave of a thing tha t isvery dear to one, as of pa
mopered esiderat illius epem, cum sine eo maleh abeat. Orph anus
is not found in ancient a lt l lto rs.— PUP ILLUS , (f rom pupus , a babyéa
pup il, one under age. Iste infanti pup illo fortunas patrias ademit. ic.
Pup illum fraudare , qui in tutelam pervenit. Id . Ut p ige r annus pu
p illis quos dura p remit custodia matrum. H or . They ca ll in law pu
p illus one fatherless , a nd underf ourteen years of age, wh ich is exp ressedby these words, impubes sui juris.
1 8 10. Or tus. Or iundas .
OBTU S , born . Ortes e questri loco . Cic. Pueri clar is parentibus
o rti . Her . Figura tively A se ertus, Cic., Being thefi rst of h is
family.— OR IUNDUS , or ig ina lly comef rom, whose pa rents or ancestor s
l ived at. H ipp ocrates et Epicid es nat i Carth agine, sed oriundi abSyracusis. Liv.
1 8 1 1 . Orlas. Or igo.
ORTUS , birth , nativity . O rtu Tusculanus, Cic., By birth f romTusculum. O rtu mate rno , Ovid . , By
.
h is moth er’s s ide . O rtfis nostri
p artem patria, partem parentes vind ieant . Cic.— Omne , or ig in, a
beg inn ing. Medicus o rigin is , Tac., Of a low extract ion. Origosummi boni. Cic. Fontium or i ines celat N ilus . H er. O quamd et enui Romanus origine crevit ! Ovid .
1 8 12. Oscines . Prcepetes.
The bi rds by the s ing ing of wh ich augur ies were taken , were ca lledO SC I NES
, (quasi ore canentes. ) Tum a dex tra, turn as inistracanunt oscines . Cic. Those thefl igh t of wh ich was examined , wer ecalled a enr ns , (f rom and WE
'
TOpLa t , to fly before. ) Praepetis
omina p ennae. Virg. Sub ites p raepetes . Ovid .
1 8 13. Otiosus . Fer iatus.
O '
r l o sus , (from o tium) that has noth ing to do , that is in no publicp ost or employment. Satins est esse otiosum, quam n ih il agere , Cic.
,
I t is better to be doing noth ing than useless th ings. Qu id d icam d e occupatis meis temporibus , cumfuerit ne o tium quidem otiosum? Cic.P. Scip ionem dicere solitum scrips it Cato nunquam se minus otio
sum esse , quam cum esset o tiosus magnifica verovex , quae declarat illum in otio d e nego tio cogitare . 1d . It i s sa id of one freefrom trouble, fear , or concern . An imo j am nunc o ti ose esse impero .
Ter. Spectatorem otiosum se p ra bere alicuj us calamitatis. Cic.
FER IAT US , (j r or nferia ) belong ing to h olyday- time. Malé fer iatos
T roas non falleret, Ho r ., He would not contr ive to fa ll unexp ectedlyupon the Troj ans in th e middle of their f estivi ties. Figura tively id le,unemployed. Ne putes in Asiafer iatum illum ab iis stud iis, in quaetua coh ortatione incitatur. Cic.
1 8 14. Paca re . Pacificar i .
PACARE , from pax ) to pacify , to appea se. Civitates pacaverat.Caes. Omni Gallia acata. 1d . Figuratively . Incultae pacantur vomere si lvae .H or . AC IFICAR I , (pacemfacere ) tomakepeace . Legati
pacificatum’venerunt. Liv. a pacificar i cum altere statuit, Justin.
,
The general resolved to make peace with one of the two.
1 8 15. Pacatus. Placatus.
PACA '
I‘
US , pacified, peaceful, or peaceable. Civitates paeetae. Cic.
Provincia pacatissima. Id . Figuratively Fucatum mare , H or . , Aca lm sea . Arvum pacatius , Ovid. , Afield better cultiva ted — PLACATUS , appeased softened . Seepe incensam i ris, smpé placatum. Cic.
Deum placatum p i etas efficit et sanctitas. Id . Placatae res; etmin imeturbulentae . Id . Maria p lacata. Virg . Placatissirna quies. Cic. Pla
catus is opposed to iratus, turbulentus ; and pacatus to pugnax .
I 816. Pacificator . Pacator .
PAC I F ICATOR , ( pacem faciens ) a pacifica tor , he who meditates tomake a peace. Ad h ibitus ab ZEtelis pacificator
'Aminander . Liv.
PACATOR, he that g ives quiet, or appeases disturbances. Orb is pacator . Sen .
18 17. Pacificator ius. Pacalis . Pacificus .
PAC IFICATORIUS , perta in ing to peace . Pesteéquam nos paeifica
t oria legatiene imp licates putant . Cic.— PACALI S , q
"
peace, on ao
count Qf peace. O leae pacales. Ovid . Flammee pacales, Id Fires onaccount of a p eace . —PA CXF ICUS , pacifi c,fond (f peace. Dux pacificus.
Ovid . Pacificus Numa. Mart.
1 8 1 8 . Pacisci . Depacisci .
PAC I SC I , (f rompangere , to str ike, to assemble ) to covenant, tomakean agreement. Praemium p ro cap ite pacisci , Cic., To ofl
'
er a rewa rd
for the saving ey‘
one’s type. Vitam p ro laude pacisci, V irg . , To expose
one’s,
life to danger for the sake of glory . Prmmium p rod itienis cumXerxe filiamej us paciscitur , Justin., As a rewa rd of his treason he asksthe daugh ter (JXerxes in ma rriage. Paciscere quid vis . Plaut .
— DE
PAC I SC I , to ag ree upon ofl'
ered conditions, to accept th em. N eque antéd imissum, quam ad cond itiones ej us d epactns est . Cic. Depacisci
morte cup i o , ut mih i liceat, &c. Ter ., 1 consent to sufi
'
er death , pr ovided I may be permitted, &c.
1 8 1 9 . Pactum. Conventum. Stipulatio.
PACTUM , f rom pangere ) a contract, a pact. Pactumest i d quedinter aliquos convenit. Cic. Manere in conditi one et pacto . Id .
CON V EN TUM, a convention, an agreement on some particular obj ect.D ictorum cenventorumque censtantia et ve ritas, fides est . Cic. Ex
pacte et convento . l d .— ST I PULAT I O , fromstipula , because thefi rst
stipula tions were made between sh epherd s about lands : the stipulatingparty held in h is hand a straw tha t rep resented theground) a stipulation , theform and p recise statement of a ll the d ifl
’
er ent a rticles one submits to . Stipulatienum et j ud iciorum formulas compenam. Cic.
Pacta, conventu, stipulationes. Id .
1 820. Pagus. V i
PAGUS , (f rom nine/15a) , figo, or nnynffions) a village, a countrytown, a place where a certa in number of people have fi r ed thei r residence. Mandela rugosus frigore pagus. H er . It is sometimes used in
a more extensive meaning, f or a canton or district in which are severalhamlets orvillages. Suevorum gens est lengé maxima i i centumpa.ges h abere d icuntur , e quibus quotannis s ingula millia armatovumbelland i causaed ucunt. Caas.
— V 1 ce s , h street, towit, rows of hous esin a tgwu one close to another, with a way between them f or whichreason Pizlla derives vicusf romvia. Nullum in . urbe vicum esse dicebant, in que Milen i non esset conducta demus. C ic. I t is sa id ofpart icula r pa rts of a town. Dictus ( sceleratus ) aTulliavicus . Ovid . It
is a lso used in sp eak ing of the country . Eliguntur in i isd em conciliis
et p rincip es qui j ura p er pages vicosque red d ant. Tac . It is alsosa id of a l ittle town cemposed of one street only . Quivicus inter T010sam et Narbonem est . Cic.
1821 . Pa lc‘
i rn. Publice.
PALAM , publicly , bef ore a ll the world , in sigh t of a ll the p eople.Mitt o d omest ica ; h aec commemoro ques sunt palam. Cic. Non ex
insidiis , sed ap erte, ac palam. Id . Palam is opposed to claim. Paliunin eam tela j aciuntur, clam subministrantur . Cic,— PUBL ICE , bypublic authority , in the name or behalf of the commonwea lth , on the publ icaccount, charge , or cost. Qui navi aed ificand az publicepraefuit . Dicere p ubl ice. Id . Locantur publice cibaria anser ibus . l d . Qu emab illis p raed onibus Lecrenses p osted publice red emerunt. Id . It is
opposed to p rivat im. Publicep rivatimque venerunt. Cic.
1 822. Palar i. Erra re. Vaga ri.
PALAR I is only sa id of a company of people that straggle and wander about. Jam ebsid ienis ta d i ovieti abscedunt,vagique per agrosalantur . Liv. Falantes mil ites in agris epp ressit. l d .
— ERRARE andQ’A GAR I are sa id of one as well as of many ,
with th is d ifi'
er ence, tha t
errare s ignifies to roam incons iderately, to lose one'
s way and vagari ,to ramble about. Excutimur cursu, et cwcis erramus in undis . Vi rg.
Stellar sp onte sufi j ussazne vagentnr et errent . H er . Que temp oreh omin es fusi per agres , ac divers ivagabantur . Cic. Quavisumest,
vager . Ph aed . Figurat ively : Cuj usvis h ominis es t'
errare ; nullius ,n is i insipientis, p erseve rare in erro re . Cic . Non en im sumus i i , querum animus vagetur errore . Id .
‘ Ne vagari et e rrare cegatur o rat i o .
Id . Qui et rat, per sela et ignota leca d iscurr it ; qui vagatur, perdiversa errare , erro ris et imprud ent iae esse p otest ;vagari , interdumconsil ii , cum cursum n ostrum de industriad ilatamus . G. D.
1 823. Palatim. Passim.
PALAT IN , in conf us ion, confusedly . Tusculum palatiw fugerunt .Liv.— PAS S IM , h ere and there, up and down . Plur irna p erque viassternuntur co rp o ra passim. V i rg. Hue et illuc pass irn vagantesvelucres natura eflicit. Cic.
1 824 . Palmaris. Pa lmarias. Pa lmatus.
PALMARI S , ( f rom palma , a pa lm- tree) Qf or belong ing to victory .
Palmaris statua , Cic.
,A statue erected to one who hasga ined a victory.
Palmaris sententia , 1d . , A victor ious op in ion, an advice tha t has beenadop ted and followed to bea r the priz e . Id
vere est qued mih i pute palmarium, Ter . , But wha t I believe themost
glor ious to me. PALMATUS, tha t has upon itself thefigure Qf a palm
~
1 830. Pampinus. Palmes.
PAMPI NUS , a vine- lea]: Defend it pampinus uvas . Virg. Vestita
p amp inis uva nee med ico tepere care t, et n imi os solis d efend it ard ores. Cic.
— PALMES, the sheet or young branch of a vine. Lectus
palmes se ag it ad auras. V i rg. Palmites annui . Plin .
1 831 . Pandere. Aper ir e. Resera re. Recludere. Patey’
acer e.
PANDERE , p roperly, to expand or disp lay , to sp read. Pandere vela.Ovid . Ulmus b rach ia pund it . Virg. In the same meaning Vi rg il says,Pand untur p ortee , because d oors and gates are displayed, and , as it
were, w ider when open . Figuratively Longé latéque se pand unt d ie
vina b ona. Cic.— APER IBE, to open, or set open , to uncover. Aper ire
aerarium. Cass. Ap eri fores . Ter . Aper ire caput, Cic., To put of
one’s hat. Involuta aper ire. Id . Figura tively Rem aperuit Ann ibali, Liv., He disclosed the whole bus iness to Annibal.— RES ERARE,( quas i d etrabere seram) to unlock , or ra ther to set open that wh ichserves to shut any th ing ingenera l. Reserata janua patet. Ovid . Res erare Italiam exter is gentibus . Cic. Urbern reserare et pandere pertas .V irg. fi gura tively Nee ita claud enda est res familiaris, ut eamb enignitas aperire non possit nee ita reseranda, ut patent omn ibus.
C ic. Oracula reserabe augustae mentis. Ovid .— RECLUDERE , to open
so as to sh ow the inside, to take away the inclosure . Portas recludere .Prop . Infernas reseret sedes, et regna recludat pall ida . V i rg. Re
clud ere ensem,Id To draw a sword. Figuratively Ebri etas oper ta
reclud it . H er . Lat ins patet qued pand imus ; nudum fit acmanifestum qued aperimus ; intrand i facultatem p rzebet qued reseramus ;virtus cmlum reclud it. G . D .
— PATEFACERE, (patens facere ) toop en, to open an entrance or passage to. Viam h ostibus unap ort?! patefecerunt. Liv. Per Alp es iter al iud atque Ann ibal , nob is Opportun ius patel
’
eei. Sall. Figuratively Cavend um est ne assentator ibus
patefaeiamus aures. Cic. Odium suum patefacere. Id . Tetummepatefeci. Id .
1 832. Pangere. biger e.
PANGERE , (f rom to strike or drive in, to assemble or j ointogeth er . Clavum pangere . L iv. Figurat ively Ego mira poé
'
rnata
pango , H or ., Toj o inverses together into a poem, as a carpenter j oins together the severa l p ieces qf a door in settin o it up . In thesame mean ingwe say, pangere societatem, ind uclaS .
— I?I GERE, to th rust in , tofas ten .
Feraces figat h umo p lantas . Virg . Figere arma. Id . Figere cervos.I d . Figurative! Ego omn ia mea studia, omnem op eram, industriam,
mentem enique omnem in Milenis consulatu fix i. C ic. Deor um tela in imp ierummentibus figuntur . Id . Figeremodum aequit iaz, Hor . , To put an end to wickedness .
1 833. Papyrus. Char la . Membrane .
PAPYRUS was a shrub growing ch iefly in the marshes and watersnear the N ile, the barkofwh ich was made, bya particular process, intowha t was ca lled CHARTA : these two words have been af terwards iadiscr iminately nsed f or anyma teria l to wr ite upon. Crescit multa pa
pyro pagina . Juv. Et quedcumque semel ch artis illever it omnes afurne red euntes sci re lacuque gestiet. H or .— MEMBRANA was the
427
skin of an imals, dressed l ike our parchment or vellum to write upon.
Membranis intus positis delere liceb it. H er .
1 834. Parare. Apparare. Praepa rar e.
PARARE , to prepare, to dispose beforehand. Parare conviviam. Cic.
Animum & quum sib i parare, H er To dispose one'
s soul to bea r equa llythe events of lye. Fugam sociosque parabat. Virg. And in a more genera l s ignifica tion Pecun iam parare , Cic . , To hoard up money .
APPARARE (parare ad ) seems to denote a more pa rticula r ca re in pr epa ring. Apparavit bellum magnacum industria. C . Nep . Ludos apparat magnificentissimes . Cic. Crimina quae apparabantur in Sext ium, Id .
, The cha rges that were deeply devis ing aga inst Sez tius . Pa
rare convivium is simp ly to prep a re a repast i nstead of wh ich apparare convivium is to make grea t p repara t ionsfor -a repast. Paramus adusum ; apparamus ad d ignitatem, ad pempam. C .D .
— PRJEPARARB,
(parare p res ) to get ready bef orehand. Ph ilosoph ia praeparat amimosad satus accipiend es. Cic. Ad vitam agendam p raaparare res necessarias . 1d . Peenze apud inferos imp iis p rzeparataa. Id . D iligens p rieparatie in omn ibus negotiis, p r iusquamaggrediat e , adh ibenda est. Id .
1 835. Parcere. Ignoscer e. Indulgere.
PARCERE , to spare, or use modera tely , both in the natura l and mara l sense . Sapplicibus parcere . H er . Parcere subj ectis et debellaresup erbes . Virg. Doleri et iracund iae parcere . Cic.
— [GNOSCERE,
(non n osse ) to take no notice of a f ault, to pa rdon it. Fasso ignoscere.
Ovid . Ignoscere est sceler is p oenam p raetermittere. Cic. Ignoscito
seepe aliis, nunquam t ib i . Pub . Syr .— INDULGERE, to be kind and
civi l to one, to g rant out {If good na ture, to h old a fa ult excused. Ind ul
gens s ib i , C ic Tha t grants every th ing to h imself . H uic legi on i Caesaret ind ulserat p raecipue, et p rop tervir tutem cenfid ebat max ime.Caas.
Indulgere n ovis amicitiis, Cic . , To g ive one’
s- self up to new ties off r iendsh ip . Indulgere peccatis . ld . It isf ound in ancient authors witha n accusat ive case . Te ind ulgebant, t ib i dabant. Ter . Ignescere is
the efl izct (J clemency parcere i s the eff ect of humanity indulgere isthe efi
'
ect oj compla isance, and often of weakness (y'
mind .
1 836 . Parcere a lien i rei . Pa rcere ab ul iyad re.
PARCERE A LIGU I RBI , to be saving, to be spar ing . Impensae par
cere . Liv. Parcere valetudini , Id To take a prop er ca r e of one’
s
hea lth . Pe ti t ne cui rei parcam. Id — PA RCERE AB A LIQUA RE , toabsta in or refrainfr om a th ing . Parcere a ceed ibus et incend iis . Liv.Parce metu, Virg ., Put an end l o geur fears .
1 837. Par cimonia . Par ci las .
PA RC IMON IA , (f romparcere ) pa rsimony, aeconomy. Magnumvectigal est parcimonia . Cic. Veh emens in utramque partem, Menedeme , es, aut largitate n imia, aut parcimonia. Ter . FigurativelyOrator is parcimenia, Cic., when an ora tor speaks but l ittle.
— PARC ITAS, modera tion,f ewness. Civitatis mores magis corrigit parcitas
animadversionum. Sen.
1 838 . Parcus. Tenor . Restr ictus .
PARCUS, (fromparcere ) sparing, near, stingy . Veteris non par
498
cus aceti . H er . Quemparens in vi eta , quammodicus in cul tu. Plin.
Parens in aed ificand o . C ic. Figura tively : Merito pareier ira meo ,Ovid .,
Your anger is more modera te than I deserve. Parcus et b reviss omnus . Plin.
— TENAX, ( from tenere ) proper ly , tha t holdsfast. Tumdente tenaci auch o ra fund abat naves . Virg. Ceres tenaces . 1d . Fi
gur a tively Equus tenax ,Liv. , A restive horse. Tenax p rop os it i vir ,
H or . , A manfi rm and persever ing in h is des igns. H ome dives et n imium tenax, Ter., A r i ch and nigga rdly man . Pate r parens et tenax ,
C ic . ,A saving fa th er, tha t g ives noth ing .
— RESTR I CTUS , ( fr om retrczand stringere ) p roperly ,f a st bound beh ind. Qui lora restr ictis lacertis
sensit iners, timuitque mortem. H er. Restr ictis ad terga manibus.
Plin . Figuratively: restra ined , hand, a nd a lso stingy. Imp eriumnon r'
e
strictum, non perseverumvolunt , Tac., Th ey wi ll not have a hard and
r igorous government . Ad largiend um ex al i en o restr ictier . Cic. Re
strictus et tenax . Id . Cur i d tam parcé , tamque restr icté faciantnon intelligo . Id . H ome parens does not li ke to spend ; restr ictus
d oes not like tog ive, or g ives but little ; tenax g ives noth ing a t all .
1 839 . Parens . Pater . Gen itor.
PARENS is sa id of a fa th er or a mother . Sp es nullavid end i necd ulces natos exop tatnmque pat entem. Virg. Da, nate, petenti quedtua Ch ara parens domito te poscit O lympe . Id . Ch ar issimos parentes h abere d ebemus , qued ab us nob is vita , patrimon ium, l ibertas ,c ivitas tradita est. Cic. Figura tively Urb is parens Romulus. Liv.Pat entem patr iam fame necand am p utans . Cic . Patriae parentemoccidere , quam suum, gravius est. l d .
— PATER , a f ath er . Ingenuo
patre natus . H er .
'
l‘
uus b erelean imo et naturapater. Ter. Figu
r a tively Quemverepatrem patriae, pat entem, inquam, Reipublicaé
p ossumus dicere . Cic. Pater was of ten a name of honour g iven byyounger persons well brough t up to those older , though not rela ted. Sal
veto , pater, Ter .
, though Demonceus was not father to Pseusid ipus.
Pra ter , pater, adde ut cuique est aetas. H or .— G EN ITOR , (f romgig
n ere ) a j a ther by bi rth only . Dub i o genitore creatus. Ovid. Figu
r atively Genite res omniumvitiorum Graeci. Flin. God is geni tor,because he crea ted as 5 and pater, because he p rovidesfor us.
1 840. Pa rdus. Panthera .
PARDUS , a leopa rd, afi erce an ima l wh ich is thought to be begottene
go l ion and panther, but genera lly supposed the ma le ty
'
the'panth er.
ard os qui mares sunt, app ellant . P]in . PANTHERA , a panth er , thef emale of th e leopa rd. Pietarum fera co rp ora pan th erarum. Ovid .
Non cred eres panth eras esse , cum tib i quales essent d icerentur . C ic.
1 84-1 . Pa ré’
re. Partur i re.Hu mans , to beget a ch ild . Liberes ex se paritmuli er. Cic . Ovum
pan t gallina.
.
l d . fi gura t ively Sal utem s ib i pepererunt . Cic. Diaectncr spmesrera multo pepererunt. 1d . Laurus ill i peper it ze ternosh onores. H er . Leth um s ib i p eperé re manu. Virg. Sanguine n ob ish anc patriam peperé re suo . l d .
— PARTUR IRE, to be in labour, as any
f emale. All verbs that s ignify to long- af ter the doing ina th ing ,are
formed of the sup ine in u of the primitive verb, by adding ri re to it.Dormsturire, esur ire. Cicero says S ullatur it, of onewho wishes toplay
1 846 . Paritmper . Paulisper .
PARUMPER , a little wh ile, j br a little time. Tuvelim ame animum
parumpcr avertas . Cic. Disced o parumper a somniis , atque mox re
ver tar . l d .— PAULI SPER , a very l ittle wh ile , f or a very l ittle t ime.
Mi lo paulisper , d 1‘
1m se uxor, ut fit, comparat, commoratus est. Cic.
Paulisper mane. Ter .
1 847 . Pascere. Depascere.
PASCERE, to f eed in a p osture, to look after cattle wh ilef eeding .
Ovis pavit p ratum. Ovid . Bestias pascere , domare , tueri . Cic. I t
a lso s ign ifi es to nour ish . Maj o r utr 1‘
1m p opulum frument i cop ia pascat. H or . Figura tively : An imam p icturapascit inan i . Virg . Barbaru
pascere . H or . Nummos alienos pascere , Id . , To keep borrowedmoney ,in order to get the interest af i t.— DEPA SCERE, to ea t up , to browse on .
Si h oed i r oscid as h erbas d epaverint . Col . Qui a p eco re ej us d epasciagros publicos d icerent . C ic. Figuratively Stylo d epascere lux
uriam o rationis . Cic . Depasci is a lso a verb deponent both in the proper and figurative sense. S ilvas d epascitur quad rupes. Tib . Artusd epascitur arida febris. Virg.
1 84-8 . Pasci . Wsci .
PASC I , to feed upon, is prop erly sa id of beasts . Sues glande pascantur. C ic. Bestize , fame d ominante , p lerumque ad eam locum,
ub i pastae aliquandosunt, rever tufi tur . 1d . Figura tively , it is elegantlysaid of men . Qui maleficio ct scelere pascuutur . Cic . Ego h ic pas
cor b ibli oth ecaFausti . Id .— VESC I , to l ive upon , is p rop erly sa id Qf
men . Omne quo vescuntur h omines . Cic. Sus ad vescend um h omin ibus ap ta. Id . Figura tively : Vescivolup tatibus parat iss imis . Cic.
Pasci is to befi lletl with j ood , and Vesci is to l ive on , tofecd upon.
1 84-9 . Pascua. Pabulum.
PASCUA ,feed ing-
grounds orpastures. H erb osa pascua. Ovid . Lee
ta pascua. H or . forage, f ood for cattle. Non insuetagraves tentabunt pabula faztas. Virg. Figuratively : Dare pabulamorbo . Ovid . Hab et senectus pabulufi
m stud ii. Cic. Est animorumingeniorumque naturale quod dam quasi pabulum, consideratio. Id .
1 850. Past io. Pastas.
PA ST IO is sa id both of pastur es and of the act off eeding ca ttle. Porculato r is et bubulci dive rsa p rofessio , d iversmpastiones. Col . Asiavero tam op ima est et fertilis, ut uber tate agro rum. ct magn itud ine pastionis faci le omn ibus terris antecellat. Cic.
— FASTUS , a
f eed ing , food . Comparavit pastum animantibus largeet cop i ose 11 atura. Cic . Terra fund it ex sese pastus vari os. Id . Figurat ively Ad
p reesentem pastum mend icitatis suae. Cic. Suavissimus pastus animorum, oblectatio soler tim. Id .
1 851 . Pa stor . Bubtt lcus. Up ilio .
PA STOR, (f rom pasci ) onewho keeps any sort of animals, is a genera l word. It is p articularly sa id of one who keeps sma ll cattle. Sacrapastorum. Ovid .
— 1311 1311 14 30 5, ( from bos ) a h erdsman. a cow- keeper,onewho tends oxen. Pastoris duri est h ic filius, ille bubulci . Juv.UPI LIO and Op i li o , a sheph erd , one who keeps sheep . Venit et up ilio ;tard i venérc bubulci. Virg.
43 1
1 852. Pastor itius. Pastoralis . Pastor ius.PA STORI T IUS , used by, or belong ing to, shepherds. Pastor itia et
agrestis sodalitas . Cic. Fistula pasto r itia. l d .— PA STORALI S and
PASTORI US have a more indirect relation to shepherds. Pastoralis
myrtus. Virg. Pellis pastoria. Ovid. The above words a re of ten usedindiscr imina tely .
1 853. Pa tens . Patulus. Propatulus.
PATENS, opened, extended . Habere d omum clausam pudori , patentem cup id itatibus. Cic. Patulam would have a d ifl
'
erent meaning .
Patens et ap ertum ex omn i parte cmlum intuer i. Id . Patens puteus,H or ., A large well .— PA TULU S , la rge, wide, speaking of ohj ects of asmall extent. Arb or patulis d ifl
'
usa ramis. C ic. Patulee quadra . Virg.
Nec retinent patulae commissa fid eliter aures. H or .—PROPA TULU S ,
(porr d patulus ) opened to a great distance . Aper tus ac p ropatulus
locus. Cic . In p r opatulo , Co l., In the s igh t of a ll men . Pud icitiarn
in p ropatulo h ab ere , Sall. , To leavevir tue unguarded .
1 85-1 . Pa ternas. Pa trias.
PATERNUS , belong ing to the/o ther , that wh ich is thef a ther’
s. Ani
mus paternus. H or . Bon orum paternorum exh ze res filius. Cic.
PA TR IUS , parenta l, of a parent . An imus patr ius in liberos . Cic . Li
vy, in descr ibing the puni shment of Bru tus’
s sons , says , Eminente animo patri o inter publicae poenae min isterium. Through th is sad of ice,wh ich the qua lity Cy
”
Consul imposed on Brutus, parenta l tendernesswas
visible in h is countenance, in sp ite of a ll h is eflor ts to the contrary . Pa
er s,and
mother'ss ide ; so that paternus, avitusfollow stra igh t up the masculine l ine
,but
patrius is more general . H ic est mos patt ins Academiaea C ic. Pa
ternus would be imp roper . Rebusmaternis atque paternis absumptis.H or . Patria b ona a r e the property of our ancestors and paterna bona, the p ropertyof our fa ther.
1 855. Patere. Pa tescere.
PATERE, to be open, to be spread out. l is omn ium domus patent.Cees . Paten t mih i tui libri . Cic. Max imepatet Cappadocia . l d . Fi
guratively: Avaritia latissimé patet . Cic.— PAT ESCERE, to appea r
open, to be exp osed toview. Apparet domus intus, et atria longa patescunt . Virg. Portus patescit j am p ropio r . Id . Figura tively to be
disclosed. Danafimque patescunt insid iae. Virg. Haec res patescet et
aper ietur . Cic.
1 856 . Pati. Tolerar e.
PAT I , to saf er , to bea r : we bea r wha t we do not oppose . Z-Equoanimo patitur bell i injuriam. Cic. Patior non molesté eamvitam. Id .
Patiebatur d olorem t oleranter. Id . Figura tively : G rav1us me ao
casas, quam pat itur tua clementia. Cic. Dilationem res non patitur.Id . Nullum patiebatur esse diem, quin aut in foro d iceret, aut, &c.
l d .— TOLERARE, to tolerate, to susta in . N ob is inter nos vitia n ostra
tolefanda sunt . Cic. Ex ercend o agros tolerarevitam. Tac. Tolerare
vitam colo , Virg., To get a l iving by sp inn ing. Suapecun iamilitestolerare, Liv., To ma inta in soldiers wi th one's own money . Figu
432
r atively Opulentia negligentiam tolerabat, Sall. , The power of thestate made the neg ligence of individuals supportable . Quos corp oraequorum toleraverant , Tac . , Thosewho had beenf ed wi th thefl esh cy
“
horses Crucia tus acerbissimosvir i fort is an imus d iutius pati, quamcorpus tolerar e p o test. G . D .
1 857. Pa tiens. Patibilis.
PAT I EN S , patient, tha t sufl‘
ers quietly , and without reluctance. Mew
l itteras te patientio rem lenioremque fecerun l . Cic. Aures patientissimae. Id . Patientissima just i imp eri i c ivi tas. Id . fi gurat ively Tel
lus pati ens vomeris. Virg. Ammis navium pat i ens. Liv.— PAT I BIL I S , I . Cap able of sufier zng, by being acted on. Omne animal patib ilem h ab et naturam. Cic . 2. That may be borne or endured. N egli
genda mors est ; patibiles et dolores, et lab ores putand i. Cic.
1 858 . Pa tientia . Perpessio. Tolerantia . Toleratio.
PAT I ENT IA , from pat ior ) a pa tient undergoing of advers ity . Pa
tientiapauper tat1s ornatus. Cic. Bonorum in careado patientiam, in
utend o rati onem expetendam putavi. Id . Durum, sed levins fit patientiaquid quid co r r igere est nefas. H or . Ad olescentia coercenda
est in lab ore patientiaque et an imi et corp oris. C ic.— PERPES S I O , a
sufl er ing , the act of enduring . Pat i entia est h onestatis aut utilitatis
causa, rerum arduarum ac d ifliciliumvoluntaria ac diuturna perpessio . Cic. Neque lab oram per functio , n eque perpessio d olor um per
se ipsa allicit. Id .- TOLERANT IA and TOLERAT IO , the act of bear ing
or endur ing . To lerantia rerum h umanarum, contemp tio for tunae.Cic . Quaedam alia toleratio est ver ior , quauti vos nou potestis , quih onestatem ipsum p er se non amatis . Id . Pat ientia doloris is pa tiencein bea ring pai n ; to lerantia is thevery bear ing Qf it and perpessio is
the enti re bearing of the same .
1 859 . Pa tina . Lanx. Patella . Patera .
PAT INA , (from pate o ) a p ot or pan to boil any th ing in. Affertur
squillas inter murena natantes in pat inapo rrecta. H or . Caznabat pa
t inas omas i . IcL— LANX , a great broad pla te, cha rger, or porr inger, adeep dish to serve up boi led or roast meat. Lances d etergam omnes.Plaut . Grandis laux . Ovid . I t is a lso sa id of the bason of a ba lance.N ecesse est lancem in lib ra ponder ibus impositis dep rimi . Cic.
PATELLA , a sort indeep dish with broad brims . In modica ccenaret imes olus omne patella. H o r . It was used to put portions of meat in,that were g iven in sacrifices. Reper iemus asotos ita non rel igi osos,ut edant d e patella. C ic.
— PATERA , a goblet, or broad p iece of plate,u sed in sacr if ices and in liba tions. Libamus pateris et aut o . Virg . Sus
cip iunt cruo rem pateris. Id . Meri pateram implevit regina. l d .
1 860. Patres . Maj ores.
PATRES includes avus , p r oavus, abavus , atavus ; MAJORES risesabove thef oregoing words. Patres maj o resque n ostri . C ic. Maj o resimi tand i, at non eo rumvitia . Id . Patrum nostrorum zetas . Id . The
time our f a thers l ived in has preceded our age. Our ancestors, maj o res,have preceded theirs.
1865. Panens. Rarus .
ever used in the singula r) f ew, a small number.Ad pances puma, omnesmetus perveni t. Cic. Paucis i nterpositisd iebus . Id — RARUS , th in, not set thick, scarce, perceived but seldom.
Ret ia rara. Virg. Rari cap ill i . Id . Apparen t rari nantes in gurgitevasto. Id . Raras tuas quidem, sed suaves accip ie epistolas . Cic.
Pauci is opposea'tomult i, and rarus to densus, frequens .
1 866. Pavidus. Pavens. Pavitans.
PAV IDUS (f rompavee ) is he who is in a continual and constant habit if f ear and consterna tion . Aves pavidas te rre t e . Ovid . Pavidumcaptat e leporem. H er . Ranaz, pavidumgenus. Ph aed .
— PAVENS , onea ctuallyf ear ing er in p articula r circumstances. Terrere paveutes equi ._Ovid . Rerum novitate pavens j uvenis. 1d. Non pavent is funera Galliar. H er — PA V I TAN S , (frequenta tive of pavens) tha t is inviolentdread or fea r. Prosequitur pavitans . Virg. Pavitans fraternos palluit ictus. Preper t.
‘ 1 867. Pauper . lndigens . Ind igus. Egenas . Mend icus. Inops .
PAUPER is he wko is neither in aflluence, nor in want of the acceswhose circumstances a re such as to dep rive h imof thecomManlius paupe r fu it ; h abuit en immd iculas m Caria is,Labicane . Cic. Mee sum paup er in se re , H or . ,
I am
poor , but not in debt.— IND IGENS , and among poets IND I GUS , indigent,needy , wanting . Indigens enla rges upon paup e r, and imp lies want ofnecessa ries. Ind igence is opposed to superfl uit Ben i ne face re 1nd igentibus . Cic. Haud ep is indiga nostra . {’irgw GENUS , one 111distress and begga ry , who is in want (f a ll things, cloth es ,victuals, &c.
Egeuus is opposed to abundans. Omnium egenes, urbe , deme, secias . Virg. Rebus non asp er egeuis . Id . Non est ued paupertas nos
a ph ilosoph ia revocet , ne egestas quid em. Se11 . END ICUS ,
g1m
manu.
indicans ) a begga r, a common begga r. Sap i entes , si men 0 15
s imi sint, d ivites esse. Cic. Istam pauper tatem, vel po tius egestatemet mend icitatem tuam nun uam obscuretul isti . Id . Placet ille mihimend icus . Plaut.— 1 11 0 9 5,
c
lsine epe ) that is in need qf assistance,destitute. Inops aux ilii. Liv. In ops has a rela tion to the relief that isexpected. Cum premeretur in ops multitude ab 1is qui maj eres Opesh abebunt. Cic.
1 868 . Pecua . Pecua ria.
FROUA , cattle, a flock of sheep Pecna captive, p raeter eques, testituenda censuerunt domin is. Liv.
— PECUAR 1A is sa id of cattle, andcf the pas tures or grounds where they .f eed Arcadia: pecuar ia ro deredicas . Pe rs. Cum
gcanes fun tur efficiis luperum, cuinam p razsidie
gecuar ia credemus ? Cic. fi cuar ia red ime re. Id . Cul ta p ecuaria.
tat.
1 869 . Par . Tranquillitas .
PAx (synonymous with tranquillitas ) relates to the situation of a
place rela tively to the outs ide of it ; and TRANQUILLITA S nifies arelation to that situa tion in itself , asfreef rom trouble, and wdfirut anyrela tion to any oth er olj ect. Tib i data est summa ax , summa tranquillitas . Cic. Securitas est an imi tanquamtranqui litas . Id . Ut tran
quillitas animi ad si t. Id . Pacem animis ad'
ert e. 1 d .
1 870. Peculator . Depeculator .
REGULATOR , he that stole'
ar embez z led money or goods belothe publia ,
Neque enim de sicar iis,veneficis , testamentari is,peculatoribus h oc loco d isserendum est. Cic.
— DEPECULATOR, a
robber of the state. Depeculator aarar ii,vexator Asias. Qic. Te unum
solum suum d epeculat'
orem, véxatorem, p raeddnem, h ostemven issesenserunt
'
. Id . Depeculator Vej entanmpraed ee Cam1llus. V . Max .
1 871 . Peculalus. 11511111 11215.
PECULATUS the ancients used peculatus , when any bnesecreteda rstole thefi ne imposed up on h im, tha t cons isted in cattle (peens) , whichwas the riches Of those times . It is understood (y
'
detainzng or embeza l ing the p ublicmoney . Cfim pecun iam publ icam . averterit, nii iil
fraude poterit carere peculatus. Cic.— PERDUELLIO, h ig
which one becomes rebellious and a consp irator against h is country , the,
‘
head of the government, or the mag istrates . Perduellionibus patr iamvenditat e . Cic. .Perd ue1]io orig inally was only a murder , as Horatiusin Livy , perd uellionis reus, was only guilty of themurder if h is sister.— REPETUNDJE, (pecuniae understood ) money
'
ii'
nj zistly takenf rom thepubl ic, when a governor or ch ief mag istrate went beyond the bounds ofhis author ity in levy ingmoney in h is government or province. Crimenrepetunda rum. Tac. Recup iae is often exp ressed. Ab aliquo ‘
ratioq egn
rep etere d e pecu‘
niis‘
repetundis . Cic. Teneri lege repetundatjum peg uniarum. Id . Th is word is only used in the genitive and ablative ca
’ses
plural .
unwritten
1 872. Pecu‘
lio'
sus. Pecuriiosus.’
Pe'
cuniar ius.’
amso_P1:p q LIa s and PECULI Q SUS (f rom p eculium) isa
'
man,who
,became r ich by
’
h is savings and great ceconomy'
. Balbus plane ,
bené‘pe
culiatus. C ic.— PECULIOSUfi is esp ecially said qf a slave who puts bya
perquisitr issimae servitutis. Cic. Peculium Themoney savedby a soldier autqf his pay—TARGENT t silver , one of themetals. Ar
" 3\ L ogermmmm. Plaut. Arge
'
nti pallet a'
mo re.
’
H orl
1 874.means. Pedar'
iusl Pedestris .
1.
H
1 k 3 J
PEDALI S , a feat long'
or'
th i ck . Fed aks trabs. Casi —Pap as?“2 F 2
436
was app lied to a senator who delivered not his op inion bywords, butwhowent to the part or side of those whose op inion hewas (f . Et raptim ineam sentent1ampedaru concurrerunt. Cic.
— PEDESTRI S , (f rom pes )onf oot, belong ing to af ootman. Ped estres cop ia . Cic. Figura tivelySermo ped estr is, Hor ., A speech in prose.
1 875. Pq’
erare. Perj urare. Falsumj urar e.
PEJERARE, toviola te an oath bynot perf orming what has been sworn .
Nec erubescit pej erare de turd o . H or .— PERJURARE, to beperj ured
orf orsworn, by taking a f alse oath . Si quidvis satis est p e rjuras ,surrip is , aufers und iqué H or ., If so l ittle can do the bus iness ; why.tlzen areyouguilty qf somany p erj ur ies and robberies? It a lso s ignifies-to pr otest upon oath aga inst a th ing . Pernegabo , perj urabo deniqué .
“
Ten— FALSUM JURARE, to take an oa th to a th ing tha t i sf a lse. Non
senim falsum jurare , pej erare est, sed quod ex an imi tui sententiaj uraveris, i d non facere perj ur ium est . C ic. Qui perj urat , sci ens et exan imi sententiafalsum jurat ; qui autem falsum jurat, non d ecip iend ianimo h oc facit, sed qu ia itase rem h abere putat. G. D .
1 876. Pellere. Fugare. Eliminare.
PELLERE, to cast ofi‘
, to rep el, to dr ive away . Pellere aciematquei n fugam conver tere. Cms. Pelli regn o et sed ibus. Cic. Figurative
Vino pellite cur as . H or . Qua: mmstitiam p ellal ex an imis . Cic.
utilitatis animum pepulit ej us . l d .— FUGARE , (f rom fugagto put tofl i h t. Repulit, fugavit, avert it. Cic. H ostes fugare . I
Qui armis ugatus u lsusque est, non est d ej ectus. l d . FigurativelyS omnos class1ca p sa fugant. Tibul. Flammas aclasse fugavit. Ovid.
— EL IM I NARE, ( from l imen to turn out of door s. Extrasedes eliminare . Enn . Fi gura tively : 1 e fid os inte r amicos sit qui dicta foraseliminet. Hor .
1 877. Pendere. Pensa re. Pensitar e.
PENDERE, (f rom pend é re to be hang ing ) to weigh , in its p ropersense is used in an active and neutral significa tion . Cyath us per se pen
di t drachmas decem. Plin. Pensas examinat h e rbas . Ovid. I-igu
r atively, it a lways is in the active vo ice. Pendere tributum. Cass. I t
was customa ry amongst the ancients to weigh the co ins in paying largesums of money . Pendere pe nas temeritatis. Cic. In ph i1050p l1 i1
‘
1 res
spectantur , non verba pend untur . l d .— PENSARE , f requentat ive cy
‘
p endere ) to pander , to weigh carefully . Centur ionempensantem au
r um occiderent imperavit. Liv. Figuratively Pensare amicos factis.
Liv. Veteribus benefactis n ova pensantes maleficia, Id ., Campen.
sating old good actions with new bad ones. Trutinapensantur eademscr iptores Roman icH Ot .— PENS ITARB, frequentative Qf p ensare )to ponderMen and scrupulous] It is only used figuratively . Vitamaequé lance pensitare. mmun ia commod iore conditi one sunt,quam qua: pensitan t. Cic. Quivectigal ia n ob is pensitant. 1d .
1 878 . Pendulus. Pensi lis.
PENDULUS and Paxsu ns, ( from p endere ) hang ing ; with this difference, tha t p endulus is sa id of the si tuation of a th ing hang ing downor danglin in a direction p erpendicula r or nea rly so . Palean a pen
dula. vi Collump endulumz onaIaadere, H or .
, To hang one’
s-self.
438
cassock, a surtout shorter than penula. Pingues aliquando 13051 11531 1munimenta togae, duri crassique coloris. Juv. It was a town mantle,used byg reatfolks only in,
rainy weather, .
ar when p resent a t the spectaeles. Quin et spectacul is advenienti assurgere, et lace rnas depo;nere solebant . Suet. Cicero upbra ids Anthony with walking in thestreets of Rome cum gallicis et lace rna.
1883. Peragrare. Percurr er e.
PERAGRé RE, ( quas i per agr os ire literally, to ramble overfi elds,w oods , or deserts. Nemora cum qua am strepitu p eragrat e. Cic. It
s ignifies to travel over. Rura peragrantes. 1 d . Provincias omnes peragrasse gloriatur Asellus. Id . Figura tively C1
‘
1m orbem terrarumnon p edibus mag is quam laud ibus peragrares. Plin.
‘
Paneg. Non so .
fama j am d e i110 sed etiam laetit ia peragravit. Cic.— PERCUR
BEBE, (cur rere per ) to“
run with speed over or th rough . Percurr it om
nemsagrumPicenum. Cic. Figuratively Haec plur ibuslverbis dice:
rem‘qua; nunc
paucis p ercur rit oratio mea. Cic . Peragrare silvam
{18710583 to r amb e over a forest ; and percurrere‘
silv‘
am to go through itrunningwith .
all speed .
1 884. Peragratio. Per cursatio.
PERAGRAT IQ, a travelling up and down, Qua fuit,ej us peragratioitinerum? Cic .
— Enncunsa n o, a r ambling p r ogress . Ital inarursus
percursat io . Cic . O claram illam percursationem Id .
1 885. Percontar i . Interrogare . Sciscitar i. Scitari .
to public news, or reports spread abr oad f —INJ‘
ERROGARE, ( rogare ia ,
ter)'
to ask a question, refers to the sentiment or op in ion of the pension.
the question is put to . Ut inte rrogando urgeat, ut rursfis quas i adinterr ogata s ib i ipse resp ondeat . Cic. S in me inte rr ogas non tam i11telligendi causa, quam refellend i . Id . The difi
'
erence pointed out byQu inti lian seems tome groundless. Quid enim tam commune es t,
fla k e, quam interrogare '
vel percontar i?
uam utroque utimur i11greater, cumalterum noscend i, alteruma rguendi gratis} videatur
adh ilgeri. Contrary examples ar efound in C icero.— SCI SCITARI , andin the poets Scxr am , ( from scire ) to strive to be inf ormed , to havesomething pos itive and certa in about wh ich we wish to
,be inf ormed.
Ngn fi
d esmo per litteras sci‘scitar i. Cic. Epicuri ex Velleio sciscita
b‘
ar sententiam. Id . Suspensi Euryp ilurn scitatum oracula Ph oebimittimus . Virg.
1 886 . Perculsus . Percussus.
Panacunsus , (f rom ercello ) struck , deeply afi'
ected with, speakingcf the soul. Magoo lau um perculsus amore . V i rg . Suspicious ali
quaperculsus . C ic. Perculsa t imore c ivitas . l d .— Pancussus , (f rom
perentio) struck , speaking of the body . Virgapercussus. Virg . Ictu111111 111 13 percossa. Ovid . Percussae d e caelo ta rres. Cic. Percellereis sqid of the body , and nifies a violent blow. Victorem Buten per0 11111, et fulvamarihun um extendi t arena. Virg. I t is only afiguTalive expr ession, when saidgf the soul . S i te forte dolo r aliquis per
m f" !
Psalm- 1
439
eulser it, exclamab is ut mulie r. Cic . Haec tevox non perculit, ne
que per turbavit. Id .
1 887; Percussor . Interf ector. S icar ius .
1 Pencusson, (f rom percutere ) .a striker, he who str ikes . Dep reh ensus cum s icap ercussor Caesar is. Cic.
— INTERFECTOR, a killer , amurder er . Ut non mod c
‘
) impune, sed etiam c'
urn summainterfect oris glor i i , interfici possit. Cic.
— Swa nw s, (f rom s ica ) prop erly ,one a rmed with a dogger . Non sicar ium, sed crudelissimum carnifi
cam in judicium ad duximus. Cic.
1 888 . Perd itus. Prqfligatus.
PERD I TUS , last, ruined , w retch ed, desperate, desolate. E re al ienop erd itus et egens. Cic. Perd itus et d issolutus ad olescens .
-Id . Virid i
p rocumbit in ulvap erdita , Virg., speaking of a young ,cow that had
lost her calf . I t is used in a mora l sense. Perd itissimi mores, Cic.,
Lewd manners. Pe rditavi ta. l d .— PROFLIGATUS ‘
, f ar adva nced inr u in, nea rly donef or . Profiigat issimus et per d itissimus omn ium. Cic.
Omn ia ad perniciem p rod igata et p erdita . In the same sense Livysays p rofligatum b ellum conficere, . To terminate a war f or advanced ;Perd itus is more extensive than p rofligatus.
1 889 . Per egr inatio: Per egr initas.
PEREGR INAT IO , the act of travell ing in distant countries.
“
Peregri
n ati o transmar ina. Quint . Exilium quantum deQ a p erp etuap eregr inatione d ifi
'
ert P Cic.— PEREGR IN ITA S , f oreign manners. . In
fusa est in urbem n ostrum peregrinitas. ‘ Cic .
1 890. Perfi ctissirni .‘ Clar issimi. Spectabiles. Illustres.
Under the Roman emperors, th ere were f our distinct titles or appetilations qf
-honour to wh ich onemigh t be ra ised : thefi rst was that of thep erfect, PERFEC T I S S IMI ; thesecond , tha t of theCLARI S S IMI the th ird,th at of the
‘
gr andees, called SPECTAB ILES ; and the f ourth , the mostcons iderable of all, was that of the illustr ious, ILLUSTRES .
1 89 1 . Perfectus. Ela boratus .
PERFECTUS is properly said qf the beauty resulting f romt he des ignand comp lete construction if a work .
— ELABORATUS rela tes to the
beauty resulting f ro mthe work , and cleverness of the doer of the work .
Perfectus excludes a ll defects Elaboratus denotes a special care and
a ttention to themost minute parts . t at may be better done, is mot
perfectum what may beyet wor ked upon is not elaboratum; Orat i oomni cura et vigiliis elaborata. Cic.
' Illud cui nih il ' ad d i possit,
quad“
ego summum et perfectissimum j udico . Id . Perfectum ingenio, elaboratum industria. Id .
1 892. Perfi dia . Infidelitas .
PERF ID IA , infringement of a word g iven ,or pr omisemade. Perfid ia.
est fidei min ime observatae V itium, iniquitas , perversitas .— INF1DE
mums , fa ith lessness, infidelity . Quantas infidelitates in amicis ! Cic;
Infid elitatem ej us s ine ullaperfid ia j ud icavit comp rimi poss e . Cass.
Infid elitas is only a smal l deficiency in the keep ing af'
ane’
s word, amere brea king of promises ma de perfid ia adds to it the outs ide app ear
440
ance of constant f a ithfulness. Infidelitas may be only a weakness ,
Perfid ia is a lways a crime committed with reflection.
1 893. Perfi d us. Perfidiosus. Infid us .
PERFIDUS , perfidious, break ing h is fa ith . Amicus perfid us. Cic.
H ostes perfidi. H o r . Omnes aliud agentes, aliud simulantes , perfid i, improb i sunt. Cic. Perfid um sacramentum dicere , H or ., To
take a f alse oath .
—PERFID I O SUS denotes the ha bit of perfidy and
treach ery— Perfidi osus et insid iosus. Cic. An imo perfid iosus et subdolus . TaC.
— IN FIDUS , unf a ithf ul , insecure , not sol id. Infidus amicus. Cic. Infida regni
'
societas . Liv. Infid a pax . Id . Perfidus est
qui fraudem p reestruit, qui datum nltrd fid emmal itiosé fallit ; infid usest qui patronum, amicum, clientem, &c. non sat is jus ta de causéd es erit. G. D .
1 894 . Pergarna . Dardan ia . Tener ia . Ilium.
PERGAMA was prop erly the fortress of Troy . Troj am incensain ,
et p rolapsavidentem Pergama. Virg . The name Pergama was g ivento i ts towers and to the city itself: Da rdanus built a town on the banksof the Hellespontwh ich he named afl er h imself , DARDAN IA . Hemarr ied Teucer 's daughter ; th ey la id togeth er the f oundations of a townwh ich they named TEUCRIA . Tros, who reigned af terwards , gave toTeneria the name of Troja. I las h is son added to it a ci tadel and towers
, wh ich he named Pergama. Hence a rises the divers ity of namesg iven bypoets to this city and its inhabitants, Dardan i, Teucri , Trojani, &c.
1 895. Pergere. Continuare.
PERGERE, to go on or fimvard , to continue on, to pursue. Perrexi
tamen, Romamque perveni. Cic. Ei demvii. pergere quiz caeteri. Id .
Figuratively Pe rge ut agis, nomenque tuumcommenda immortalitati . Cic.
— CONT xNUARz , ( tenere cum ) to continue, to close togeth er,to j oin. Duabus noctibus perpotationem continuavit. Plin . Ingens
cup id o agros continuand i. Liv. Continuare d omos ma nibus . Id .
Continuatque dapes . H or . C ontinuare diem et noctem Opus ali
quod . Cass .
1 896 . Peripetasma . Per is troma . Stragulum. Aulceum. Tapes. Ta
p etum.
PER IPETA SMA , ( from negtrrer oiw, circumpand o , expl ico ) a r ichsort inhang ings for rooms. Quid illa Attalica toti Gallié ab eodemH e i o per ipetasmata nominata emere oblitus es PCic.
— PERI STROMA,
(f rom. nspi , and arpuip a , a cush ion ) r ich tapestry -work wh erew ithfl oors or beds wer e sp read. Conch iliatis C. Pompe i i per istromatisservo rum in cellis lectos stratosvid eres. Cic.
— STRAGULUM , scilice tvestimentum ) any cover ing, a blanket. Collocar i j uss it h ominem inaure o lecto , strato pulch e rrimo textili stragulo ,
magnificis operibus
p ieto . Cic. Stragulavestis , Id A very f ull coat, that was used as
a covering f or the bed .—AUL 1£ UM , ( from aula ) a canopy , a p iece cf
hang ings, the curta in of a theatre . Intereé suspense graves aulaearuinas in patinam fecére. H er . Mimi ergo est j am exxtus, non fa
bulae, in quo cum clausula invenitnr. fugit aliquis é manibus, d eind éscabella concrepant, aulaeum tollitur. Cic.
— TAPES and TAPETUM,
Pmmu I
inimice”
(fromtomen
S ULA , from claudere) an end , a conclusion . Utar eaclausula qua.s ole o , Cic. , I shall conclude my letter as I do . I t also sigm ,
ni/ies a clause, a part icula r disposition of a trea will, &c. Clausula ed icti, testamenti, &c. Cic.
1 902. Perpetuo. Perpetuitm. In perpetuiim.
PERPETUO and PERPETUUM , perpetually , continually , ar e sa id Ofthe present, pa st, and f uture time. Misere n imis Cup i o , ut coepi, perpetugm 1n leetitia degere . Ter . V i rens p e rp etuo buxus. Ovid . Per
petuo p eri i , Ter . , I am undonefor ever. Faci es p e rp etuo qumfecisti .C ic.
-.IN PPERPETUUM , for ever, is only sa id of f uture time . Statu
evram in p erp etuum tace re . Cic. In p erp etuum res suas al i enare. Id .
1 903 . Perseverare . Pers istere. Perstar e.
PERSEVERARE, to persevere , to continue constant. In errore p e rseverare. Cic. Ad ultimurn p erseverare . Liv. Perseveras tu quidem,
et in mi vetere sententia permanes. Cic. to p ers ist .We persevere through refl ection ; and p ers ist through attachment andobstinacy . In roposito persi ste1 e. Cic. In eadem impudentia persistere. Liv. ERSTARE, to r emainfi rm, both i n the natural and figur ative sense. In l imine perstat . Ter . Perstare in sententia. Cic.
Negant p osse , et in eo perstant . Id .
1 904. Per spicere. Pr ospicere.
PERSPI CERE, to see pla inly , thorough ly . H omo cum se ipse perspexerit, totumque tentarit, intelliget, &c. Cic. Fronte , ut aiunt,meum erga te amo rem p erSp icere potuisses. Id .
— PROSPICERE, to
take aview afar ofi . Qua futura sunt p rOSp icere. Ter . Ut spe ro ,vel po tins , ut p rosp icio . Cic. Prospicio, with a da t ive case, signifiesto look at, to take ca re of. Consulite vob is, p rOSp icite patriae. Cic. Utcap iti et for tunis tuis p rospiceres. Id .
1 905. Pertinere. Attinere.
PERT I NERE , (tene re per ) to extend from onep lace to another, topertain, to belong . Venae quae p ertinent ad j ecur , eique adh eeren t.
Cic. Planities ad illos montes per tinet. Plin. Figura tively .
“ Late
p ateo
t h aec ars, et ad ma ltos perti net . Cic. Ad quos p ertinent facinusvestigio. nulla ex tant. Liv.— ATT 1 NERB, (tenere ad ) to holdf orth to
keep back . N i p roximi p reh ensum.
vi attinuissent. Tao. Attiner i
custodia. Id . Ffgura tively : Ob amissumAugustum d iscord iis attin emur. Tac. Pertinet ad improbos susp icio maleficii ; ad p robesn ih il attinet. G. D .
1 906. Per tinet. Attinet.
These twoverbs may be still cons idered as being impersona l. ATT INET , it concerns , i t is i nteresting to . PERT INET denotes a greater concern or interest. Ego quo d ad me attinet, idcirco tacco . Cic. Per
t inet would exp ress more . In likemanner, Summa illfic pertinet, ut,&c. Cic. Attinet would not express enough .
1 907. Perversus . Preeposterus.
PERVERSUS , (vertere per ) prop er ly , turned upside down; overthrown. Perversi oculi, Cic. Squinting eyes. Figuratively : per
'au ipsepa
44
1 908 . Pervertere. Subver ter e.
(ve rtere per ) to turn upsid e down, to overth row ,
virgulta, tecta perver tere. Cic. Figuratively Jura omniah umana pervertere . Cic. Volutat e secum quomodoGerberos . perverteret. TaC .
— SUBV ERTERE, (vertere sub) to
turn over , to undermine, to subvert . Calceus , si p ede maj or er it,subver tet ; si minor, uret . H or . Operum subvertere moles. Ovid.
Figura tively : cam omnis domus d elatorum interp retationibus subzverteretur . Tac .
1 909 . Pervigil. Per nox .
PERV I G I L, very or continually watch ing. Anguis pervigil . Ovi d .
Cani s pervigil . Sen . Figuratively Ign is pervigil , Stat., The Visi tatfi r e.
— PERNOX, abiding or - continuing all n ight, long . Praeliumqueantel ucem, sed luna pernox erat, commissum est. Liv.
1 9 1 0. Pervigilare.,Per noctar e.
PERV I G ILARE, to watch much , not to sleep a ll n ight long . Namvigilare leve est, pervigilare, grave. Mart . Pervigiland o in armis.
Liv. , Non orat ut earn noctem pervigilet . Cic.— PERNOC'
PARE, to
ta rry or. continue a ll n igh t Pernoct re ad ostium carcer is ..Cic.
Figuratively : Pernoctant . nobiscum stud io. litterarum, peregrinan
usticantur . Cic.
1 9 1 1 . Pervolare. Circumvolare. Subvolare.
PERV OLA’
RE, (volare per ) tofly about or a ll over . Co rvus pervariam iter .
,Ovid . f igura tively Rumor pervolat. Ovid . Ani
musvelocius in h anc sedem et d omum suam pervolabit. Cic.— C IR
CUMV OLARE, tofly r ound. Naves circumvolat h alcyon. Plin . Figun
ratively Mors atris circumvolat al is . H or .
‘
Nox .atra circumvolatumbra. Virg.
— SUBV OLARE, tofly away a l ittle, to beg intofly. Pulli
facilius sub matr ibus p inguescunt, si p riusquam subvolent, paucassubtrah as p innas, ut uno loco quiescant . Plin. Figuratively toflyupwards or a loft. Sic h eec (partes igneae) sursum rectis l imeis in coe
lestem locum subvolent . Cic.
1 9 12. Pestgfer . Pestilens.
PEST I FER (pestem ferens ) is better sa id (if animate beings, or ofth ings wh ich wef ancy to have a soul. Pestiferi cives. Cic. Pestifer etfunes tus Tr ibunatus. Id . Vitia p estifera, luxuria , avaritia, crudel itas. -
’
Id . Gaudium pestif'
erum. l d .— PEST ILEN S (f rom p estis ) is sa id
of p laces, air , exhalat ions and s ignif ies pestilentia l, inf ectious, nu
wholesome. G ravis et pestilens asp iratio caeli . Ovid . Inter locorumuntar as quantum intersit,vid emus al i os esse salubres, ali os pestilentes. Cic. Pestilentior annus .Liv.
1 9 13. Pestis. Pestilentia.
PEST I S from p erdere ) is sa id of any th ing pern icious ; plague,lamity, rui n, destruction. Huj us imp eri i p estes. Cic. Tam detestab ilis p estis nulla est quae non b omin i ab h omine nascatur . Id . Ali ial iap este absumpti sunt , Liv. , They per ished, some oneway and someanother way. Ad pestem frugum tollendam, Id ., speaking of locuststhat desolated Apul ia . Servatze a p este carinas, Virg., Sh ips secured
f rom the confl agration. Pestis is very seldom used bygood authors tos ignify the inf ectious disord ers . W
'
hen C icero says , Ibes avertunt pestemab E gyp to , it is understood of serpents — PESTILENT IA , infectious air ,a contag ious disorder . De loco nunc quidem ab iit pestilentia. Cic.
Vastus atque d esertus ager p rop ter pestilentiam. Id . Quorum ex h a
b itu et colore turn salubritatis, tum pestilentiae sig na percip i. Id . Pi
guratively: Orat i o plenaveneni et pestilentiae. Catul .
1 9 14. Petere . Postula re . Flagita re. Efllagitar e. Poseere. Deposcere.
Erposcer e. Erpostulare.
Par ana,to request, to ask, to beg of one. Peto s te ,vel si pateris,
o ro . Cic. Omn ibus p recibus ab aliquo aliqu id p etere . Cans . Petivitin beneficu loco . Cic.
— POSTULARE , to demand as a r igh t, to require.Postulabat magis quam petebat. Q . Curt .— PLAG ITARE, to ask and
demand with eagerness and clamour , as a th ing due h ence flagitium inthe sense if a press ing demand. Flagitio cum maj ore p ost red d es tamen. Plaut . Tamen quia p ostulat , non flagitat, prmteribo. Cic.
Quanquam baec causa p ostulat, et si p ostulat, non flagitat tamen. Id .
Pro quo 0 11m pactumflagitaret p roemium, ingrata es, inquit, o re qumn ostro caput incolume abstuler is, et merced em p ostules. Ph aed
EFFLAG ITARE increases upon flagitare. Efliagitasti quot id iano convici o , ut l ibros j am emittere inciperem. Cic. N otum efllagitat ensew .
Virg .— PO SCERE, to ask as a pr zce or sa lary. Parentes p ret ium pro
sepultura p osceret . Cic. It a lso imp lies an idea of eagerness of demanding . Incipiunt p ostulare p oscere nimia . Cic. It is bes ides used
f or quaerere, in wh ich case it expresses more importun ity and eagernessin demanding . Ven iend i poscere causas . Virg.
— DEPO SCERE is sa idespecia lly (y
'
a deserter , or such li ke, whomwe ask to be surr endered tous bythe enemy . Aliquem ad supplicium d eposcere. Cic.
— Exp o s
CERE adds more eagerness to the mean ing of p oscere, but a lters these nse a little, and s ignifies to desi re earnestly. Victorium s Diis ex ~
p oscere. Cic. Finemque p esti exposcunt. Liv. —Ex 1>o s'
r ULARE addsto the idea of p ostulare . V ix s Babilione , aut ab aliquo ej us s imil ih oc expo stulare anderes , et imp etrare p osses. Cic. Minaciter cumi ls expostulavit . Plaut. Cand idatus p etit consulatum, flagitat ab amicis, p oscit, p ostulat a clientibus, ut ads int sib i petenti, seque deducant in forum. G. D .
1 9 15. Pha lera . Torques . Monile .
PHALERA , ( f rom pomis, g litter ing ) a sort if ornament worn bythe Roman gentlemen or men of a rms as well as by the Chevaliers. . 1t
d ifi'
er ed f rom the TORQUES in th i s, that ph nlera was fl at, fa lling ou '
the breast, and torques t ight to the neck , and round. Ut p lerique no
b ilium aureos annulos , et ph aleras d eponerent . C ic. I t is a lso sa idof the trapp ings and other ornamentsfor horses. Primus equum ph a
deponent. Figuratively : Verbum quo se Opp ign'
eraret , sea Thep romise bywhich he had bound himself.
1 920. Pileus . Pileolus.
PI LEUS , a cap wh ich was given to slaves ingranting thedam. Poster o di e servi ad pileum vocati , et carcere vineti emiss i.Liv.— PI LEOLUS, a little cap, a sma ll ha t. Nec turpe pueris pileolumnitidi s imposuisse comis. Ovi d.
1 921 . Pingere . Adumbrare. Delineare.
PI NGERE , to pa int. Pinge re coloribus. Cic. Acu p ingere . Ovid.fi gura tively : to describe . Pingam Britanniam color ibus tuis ,cillo meo . Cic.
— ADUMBRARE, prop erly , to shade or shadow out
o rtu Canicula: palmeis tegetibus vincas adumbrabat. Col. Figuratively to take a sketch . Qu is p icto r omn ia qua: in rerum naturasumad umbrare d id icit? Quint. Dii ad umbrati, Cic. , Fa lse Gods. Adamb rata Dei intelligentia, Id An imperfect and sup erficial knowledge ofGOd .
— DELINEARE, (f rom l inea ) to del ineate, to draw the outl ines orsketch of any th ing . Ap elles arrep to carb one extinEto é foculo,imaginem in pariete delineavit. Plin.
1 922. Pinga is. Opimus . Obesas.
PI NGUI S , greasy ,fa t. Pingues agn i . Virg. Pingues h ort i . Id . Pin .
gues lacernae . Juv. Figuratively Pingue ingen ium, Hor ., A thickheaded man . Agarnus p ingu i Mine rva, ut aiunt. Cic.
— OPIMUS,
fleshy , in a good p l ight of body . Boum op imorum colla. Ovid. Op imus corpor 1s h ab itus . Cic. Figura tively Op imus ager. Cic. Op i
mum d icend i genus, Id .,A k ind of speech too h igh or p erhaps too abun
dant. Accusatio Op ima, Id ., An accusa tion well grounded, full ofthingsmater ia l. Sp olia Op ima, Liv. , were the spo ils wh ich a Roman
g eneral took froman enemy ’
sgenera l, af ter havi k illed himin a ba ttle.Cossus sp olia op ima regis interfecti gerens.
n
Liv.— Onnsua, f romoh and edere ) p lump , gross , corpulent. Ob esa terga. V i rg. Obesus
turdus . H or . Vente r obesus . 1 d . Figuratively Nec naris obesmjuven is, Hor . , A clever young man.
1 923. Piscar ias . Piscator ius . Piscosus.
PiSCABw s . f rom p iscis ) q/‘
fi sh , p erta ining to fi sh. Cop ia piscaria. Plaut . Forum p iscar ium, Id . , Thefi sh -ma rket.— PI SCATORIUS ,belong ing to fishers orfi sh ing . Piscatoria navis. Car s . Forum p iscatorium, Liv. , The place wherefi sh ers res ide.— PI SCOSUS ,full offishes.Piscosus ammis . Ovid .
1 924. Placet. Libel .PLACET , it pleases, it seems good to, or is the mind of. Placui t, ut
b reviter sententias d iceremus. Cic. Placitum est ut ep istolaenominep rincipis scr iberentur , Tac., I t was determined that letters should bewritten in the prince
’
s name. '— LI BET , it likes , it conte nts one. Nd n li
bet p lura scr ibere nec sine summo scr ibo d olore . Cic. Id quodmax imemih i libet, Id ., t a t causes me the greates t pleasure.
1 925. Plaga. Vulnus . C icatrix . Ulcus .
PLAGA, (f rommam a, to str ike) a blow with a whip or a rod .
Hh in batfla
447
Dolo r crep itusque plagarum. Cic. It is sa id of the wound caused byblows. V ix h abet in n ob is j am n ova p laga l ocum. Ovid .
-VU'LNUS ,
(frommi h i) a‘
wound , bruise, -or hurt. Obligare vulnus.Cic: Exvulner ibus mori . Id . Figuratively Vulnera conscientiae . Cic. Juno internum servans sub p ector evulnus . Virg. Reg ina . vulnus alitvenis.
Id . Imp onere vulnera Reipublicae. Cic.— CICATR IX , a sca r or seam
ty'n wound. Luculentamipse p lagarn accepit, ut d ocet cicatrix . Cic.
Vulnus in an tiquum red iit male '
sana cicatrix . Ovid . FigurativelyNe refricare obductam j am Reipublicae cicatricem viderer . Cic.
ULCUS , an ulcer, a sore in thefl esh caused by corrosive and mal ignanthumours. Ferro summumulcer is os rescindere. V i rg. Ulce
'
r a'
quze
cicatr icem non trah unt. Plin. Figuratively Ulcus tangere, Ter .,
To rubon a sore place, to repeat old grievances.
1 926. Plagae . Retia. Casses . Reticulum.
PLAGJE, wide nets or toilswi th great holes, to take wild beasts with.
Nexilibusque p lagis s ilvas Erimanth id os amb it. Ovid .-CASSES ,
hunters' nets of a concaveform. Decid it in casses p ra da p etita.me os.
retiavitat avis. Ovi d.- RET ICULUM , (f rom ret e ) a cowl of net-work
for a woman’
s head. Reticulumque comis auratum ingentibus im
get. Juv. It s ignifies a little bag/
'
uli of medicina l orf ragrant h erbs.
eticulum ad nares s ibi apponebat tenuissimo l ino , plenum rosw.
Cic. Reticulum pan is venales inter onusto forteveh as h umero .H or .
1 927 . Plant} . Plené.
PLANE, man if estly , pla inly . Plané e t aper té loqui. Cic. Explicfi ri
mih i tuum consilium p lanevolo , ut p enitus intelligam. Id L —PLENE,fully , qui te, completely. Pe rfecti h omines p lenéque sap ientes. Cic.
Plenissimé dicere , Id ., Not to omit anyth ing . Plane dicere, Id ., To
sp eak with p la inness and clearness.
1 928 . Plantce . Plantar ium.
PL‘ANTE , p lants, spr igs partedf rom the roots to be p lanted by'
th'
emselves . Hic p lantas tenero abscind ens d e corp ore matrum deposuitsulcis. Virg.
—PLANTARIUM , a plant of a tree or h erb with a root on,shrubs , the p lace or nursery where p lants are set. Quaedam in‘
planta
ri o ins ita eodem d ie transferuntur . Plin . Silvarumque aliw pressos
propaginis arcus exp ectant, etviva'
sua plantaria terré . V i rg.
1 929 . Plebeius. Plebicola .
PLEBE IUS , from plebs) a plebeian , p erta in ing to the common peop le. Plebeius h omo . Cic. Plebe ius sermo . Id . Purpura plebeio. acpenefusca. l d .
— PLEB ICOLA , plebem colens ) a f avourer Qf the common peop le, a popula r man. Qui ut p leb icolavid eretur , libertinamd ux it uxorem. Cic. Adeoque novum s ib i induerat ingenium, ut plebicola repenté , atque omn is aurae p opularis captator evaderet, p rotruci insectatore p leb is. Liv.
1 930. Flamens. Plumosas. Plumatus.
PLUMEUS , made off eathers or down. Culcitra plumea. Cic. To
448
ms plumeus . Ovid — PLomosvs , [a ll of feathers. Plumosa aviump ectora. Ovid.
-PLUMATUS ,f eath ered, interwoven with divers coloursl ikef ea thers. Plumatum corpus. Cic. Plumatus aut o, Lucan . , I n
terwoven or embroidered with gold.
1 931 . Poema. Poes is . Poé‘tica .
POEMA , (f rom nate'
w, fingo ) p roperly , afi ction, thework of the poet.Platon is locuti o , e ts i absit aa versu , tamemquod incitatus feratur ,Clar issimis verborum luminibus utatur , p otins p oema putand um,
quam comico rum p o etaram, apud quos, ms i quo d versicul i sunt,n ih il est aliud quotidian i dissimile sermonis. Cic .
— POES I S , p oetry ,a poet
'
s works. Ut p ictura p o esis e t it . H or . V irgilii p oes is includesa ll Virg il
'
s works u her eas p o ema is only sa id of a part : the Georgics(f the same are p o ema, h is fEneid is p oema —POET ICA or Poet1ce,the ar t of poets, the ar t of mak ing verses. S en ns nos p oé
’
ticam acce
p imus. Cic . O p reeclaram emendatricemvitae, p oé ticam ! Id . W i th
p oe tica , ars is understood.
1 932. Pcenas petere. Pcenas repetere .
PaaNA s PETERE, to cause one to undergo a pun ishment. Ut pumasab op timo quoque peteret. Cic. Contumeliarum poenas p e tere . Sall.—P(E NA S REPETERE, to takevengeance on. H ee sunt impiis assiduaad omesticzeque furiae , quae dies noctesque parentum pcenas a consceleratis filus repetant . C ic . Leges pu mas repetunt ab injusto judice ,qui p osnas ab innocente petiit . G . D .
1 933. Pokta . Vo tes .
POETA , a poet, one that writes or makesverses. Greeci po'
e'
tze . Cic.
“ VATES , (quas i fates,f rom gory/J) one tha t foretells things. Bonusvates esse p oteras cumqua sunt futuravideas . Plaut. Vates sibylla.Virg . As oracles were emitted in verses , poets have been ca lled vates.S ic h onor et n omen divin is vat1bus. H or .
1 934. Pol ire. Lima re. Dolore.
POL I RE , to polish , to make sh ining. Poli t e arma. Stat. Cur ego
s ollicita poliam mea carmina curé Ovid . Figura tively . Poliendae
o rationis ignarus. Cic. E sopus auctor quam materiam reper it, h anc
ego p oliviversibus senar i is . Pi1md .— L1MARE,&f
rom lima ) tofi le ofi'
C o rnua eleph anti limare . Plin. t ura tively . ostro 1'
um h 0minumurbanitate limatus . Cic. Limatur 1psa veritas in d isliutatione. Id .
S i mendacium subtiliter limasset a radicibus . t d . Limare , comingfrom limus, crooked, has another sense. Non ist1c obli quo ocul o meacommoda qu1squam l1mat Hor . , Nobody looks with j ealousy a t m
p rofits.—DOLARE
, to chop or shape with a carpen ter'
s a t , to smootwith a p lane. Qu is robur illud cecid it, d olavit, i nscr ipsit .
9 Cic. Pi
r atively : l ius h istoriam, s ieut potuit, d olavit. Cic. Lumbosuste do lat. H er .
1 935. Pollicer i . Polticitar i . Promittere. Adpromittere. Sponder e.
Despondere.
POLLICERI , f rom liceri to promise, to qfi'
er . Is ultr o n ob is poll icitus est et dah it . C ic. rzecia d ex tr am tendit I talian, suumque
ci p ra sidium pollicetur . l d .— POLLl cxr Am, ( itsf requentative) to
Rem aliquam‘ p onderare memento suo , C ic., To set a properva lue ona th ing .
— ONU5, a burden , a load, what we a re to , or can , ca rry . Ah
j icere onus. Cic. Cum gravius d orso sub it onus. H or . Fzgur a tivelyDeponere onus oflicn . Cic. I-l oc nil ad te : n ostrum est onus, IdTh is is
‘
no concern q ours it is our business .
1 939 . Poné. Post.
PONE and POST ar e sometimes adverbs and sometimes preposi tions.Poné is a lways sa id of a p lace. Poné sub it conj ux . Virg. Poné cas
t ra . Liv. Post is sa id eith er of place or time. Post mih i non simi li poena commissa luetis. Virg. Post d iem tertium. Cic. Post tergum.
C 12 3. Tu p ost carecta latcbas . Virg .
1 940. Ponere. Collocare.
PONERE , to put, to lay, to set. Mensam p oni jube t. H o r . Figuratively Curam in re aliqua p on ere . C ic. Formid inem improb is pon ere . Id . It is a lso used to express to laya
t hing down, to quit. Poui te
c orde me tum. Virg. Ponit p ers onam amici , cum inqui t j udicis .
COLLOCARE , from locus ) to put a th ing ca refully in a place approp r iated f or it, to p lace. 8 11 0 quidque loco collocare . Cic. Ponerecastra is s imply to encamp ; but collo care castra is to set up a campdesignedly , in such or such a place . Figura tively Collocare in matrimonium filiam. Cic . Spem suam in aliquo collocare . Id . Ponerewould have a d ifier ent sense.
1 941 . Pontifex . Sacerdos. Antistes . Prcesul.
PONT I F EX. I t is genera lly bel ieved tha t the name of Pontif'
ex or i
gi nated f r om th is ci rcumstance . tha t the care of rel ig ious r ites and matters, and the construction of the bridge Sublicius , were intrusted withthe same qfiicer s, and that the people gave them the name of one of these(fi ces wh ich appeared themost cons iderable in the eyes of th emultitude :upon the whole, Pontifex was the name of a d ignztypa rticula r to theRoman republic, and wh ich was conf er red by the people ; instead ofwh ich SACERDOS was a genera l name of those who were employed inthe service of the a lta rs ; 1 mea n to say, of those w ho held thefi rst rankamongst them. For there was a second order of minis ters of relig ion,and servants under th em, who had not th is name. Pont ifex only rela tedto sacr ed rights authoriz ed by the laws of the Republ ic. Prmsunt sacris
p ontifices. Cic. The Pontifices decided with a sovereign author ity inmatters perta in ing to rel ig ion . Sacerdos (sacr is d ed itus ) was a man
consecra ted to divine worsh ip every Pontifex was Sacerdos ; but eachSacerd os was not Pontif
‘
ex . The A rusp ices, - and other rel ig ions min ister s, who did not ofler up sacrifices , were Sacerd otes, and not Pon
t ifices . The Roman h iera rchy did not acknowledge the title of ANT IS T ES (ante stare ) . The h ighest pontifi
'
u 'ould have felt h imselj
’
afl‘
ronted ,h ad he been ranked pr onusc uously amongst those tr ibes of Gr ecian and
Ph ryg ian p r iests ca lled antistites. Po titii ab Evandro ed octi antist ites sacri ej us per multas aetates fuerunt . Liv. Antistes was the
h ig h -
p riest o/a temple . Figura tively Antistcs artis. Cic. Juris ant iStES , Quint., An eminent tawyer .
— Pn 1£ SUL (f rom p rae , and salire )w as thefi rst of the pr iests of .Ma rs who bega n the dancing , and was
the leader of the rest in dancing and j umping . Praesul en im erat primusSaliorum. Liv.
45l
'
1 942. Pon’
tifi cius. Pontificalis.
Although these two words may be sometimes used the one instead of”the other, PONT I FIC IUS is p roperly sa id cf wh at perta ins to th ep ersonor dign ity of a pontifl
'
,or h igh-p riest ; and PON T ic LI s , of what
belongs to eith er in a rela tion not so strict. Jus pont1fic1um i s the r ights
perta ining to the dignityof a pontifi Jus pontificale, the r igh tsf lowingf rom h is digni ty, or granted to the pontifi
'
bycustom,though not
.
es
sca tta i to h is dign i ty.» Li kewise Pontificii l ibri ar e the books r elattngto the dign ity or person of a pontif ; Pontificales libri are books treat-xing of pontifical rites or ceremonies .
1 943. Pop ina . Caupona . Taberna .
POP I NA , a mean eating - house , a paltry publ ic-house . Uncta po o
p ina. H or . Tu ex tenebr icosa pOp inzfi Consul ex tractus. Cic.
‘
CAUPONA , a tavern . V ivere in caupona. H or . N onne tibi nox erat~
p ro ( lie Non solitud o p ro frequentia Caup ona p ro opp id o ? Cic.
i — TABERNA , (synonymous with the other two ) an inn , an eating - a nd“ lodg ing -house. D iversoria taberna . Cic. Divertere in tabernam.
fId . .
1 944 . Populus . Plebs. Popellus. Vulgus.
Under theword POPULUS, we understand themultitude Qf individualscompos ing a whole nation, without distinction Qf rank or birth . Po
p’ulus Romanus . Cic. H inc p opulum laté regem belloque,
superbum.
irg.-I t is sa id Qf that part of the Republ ic wh ich included themost
distinguish ed and r ichest inhabitants . Populo plebique Romanee benéac feliciter eveniret . Cic. Livy , speaking of the tribunes of the p eople,says, Non p opuli , sed plebis magistratum esse . - PLEB S is thecommontpeop le, a ll but the sena tors and nobles. Si quad r ingen tis sex sep temmillia d esun t, est an imus t ib i , sunt mores, est l ingua fid esque, plebseris, H or . , You shall not be admitted into the equestrian order. P0PELLUS , (diminut ive of p opulus ) the rabble or mob. Vilia vendentem tun icato scuta pep ello . H or .
—VULGUS , the common people, the,rude multitude, is genera lly taken in a bad sense. l nfid umvulgus.H or . Odi p rofanumvulgus et arceo . Id . Although born a nobleman,,onemay belong to thevulgus, on account of ignorance, i ll-manners, &c.
1 945. Porta . Janna . Far es. Valvce . Ostium. L imen.
PORTA f rom p ortare ) . Anciently , wh en th ey were about to builda town, they marked the ci rcumf erence of it with a plough , and hewhowas intrusted with the plan l ifted up that plough
‘in the p lace where the. entrance into the town was intended to l e. Aratrum sustollat , saysCa to, et p ortamvocet. V iam relinquebant in muro , qua in Opp idum1 portarent. Var r . Porta is the open ing made in the wa ll. Introire
3130 1 151 . Cic. I t is used by poets to express a door on its h inges. ZEratae-
p ortee. Ovid . Obj icere p ortas. Virg . Figuratively : Utar eap ortaquam p rimamvidero . Cic - JANUA , (f rom Janus ) a gate , thefi rst
entry into a house . A januaqueerere aliquem, Cic. , To askfor someone at the door. Figuratively Ingred i janua in ca11sam.
— FORES(f rom foris ) is properly sa id of a door put on h inges. Fores p ortarumsemi -ap erta Cic. Fores efl
'
ringere. Cic. Figuratively : Fores amicities aper ire. CiQ — VALVJE fromvolvere ) is genera lly sa id of folding
-doors. Valvae bifores. Ovid. In templo H erculis, valve: clausaa2 G 2
repagulis. Cic.— OS '
H UM, (f rom os ) the dooa a chamber, of anapartment. Apettosostio dormire. Cw. It ,
is said q”
an entranceofthemo uth of a r iver or h aven . Ostium
,portus. Cic. Ostiumflatmpts d¢ th reshold of a door. Limen superamsaferumqua f laut. Ostium limenque carceris. Cic. Poets . qflen~
Jm s sttse. it for thedeor itsel/Land even for the whole hous e.re hmma, Virg., TO 'breah down t he gates. Exilio .d omos
umna mutant. ,l d. Penetrant aulas fi l imixla regum.
l ively: aLimeuMusarum. Pha d.
1 946 . Posse. Qui re. Poltere. Valere.There is a delicate d ifl
'
er ence between Po sse and QUI RE , that mayappearmore fi ne and mor e cur ious thanmsefid in p ractice. Possum em
p resses th e p ower r esulting f rom, strength and conse ence, oflices, cuvthority, &c. ,.Queo expr esses mere poss ibility under t existing ci rcum
C icero's works wi ll .clea rly point outgratifi apud aliquem. Cic. Quire
p lurimum would ;be imp roper . .Quoad p ossum et mihi licet. Id.
Quoad que o would be bad La tin. Non que o reliqua scr ibere, tantavis lacrymarume st . Id . Qui sibi ipse sapienter p rod esse non qui t,
_
%uicquam sapit. Id. Possum and non p otest would not do so well.OLLERE, .to be-migh ty . Pollere inR epubl ic }. Cic. Plus p ollet,
,meliorque est.filius patre. Id . Wevery p roperly say, Possum errata,
,but neuer Pollen or Valeo -,er rare.— VALERE, to -be strong , to be in
M 13. No s. hievalemus recté , et, quomelius valeamus , aperamdabimus. s Cic. Fi et autemquod cum uevolent qui valebunt, valebunt a ubem armm l d . Pollere and alere a re s till more enera lgsaid if adaanta ageous qual ities . Pellere, vale re ingenio,doctrina,
1947. Possid ere. Tenere. Habere .
Possmenz , (quasi in p osse . suo h abe re ).
to p ossess, to have in one’
s
own use and .possession. Sua esse omn ia, atque £1 se possid eri sicut
pgria volunt ph ilosoph i. C ic. Hi sunt agr i in Afr icé qui ab H iem
p e possidentur . Id .— TEN nnE, to hold fast, to have in one
'
s hand.
Q uaeque p rocurator tenuer it, p ro domino p ossed er it . Cic. In manuoculum ten ere . Id . Figuratively : Decus tenere . Cic. Teneri legigus et solvi . Id . Tenere locum aliquem, Liv., To inhabit a place.kI lle ten et et Cic. I t would .be
'
bad Lat in to say, as ana mo
dem ‘ La tin s cholars s aycommonly, Teneri ad al iquid faciendum.
H ABERE, to have . It is not nece ssary a -thing should actually be iwhand tha t it 'may be
-sa id we have it it is enough that i t belongs sto us,e ither by right of possession or otherwise . Quod i lle bella s eptum possiflemt h aberetque. Liv. ‘
Poss id ere‘is on ly said of a n actual pmpnetonhabere and tene remay be sa id of a tenant. Habe re et tener e p otesteetiamefu r eh nequam poss id et nemo , n is i qui re i relicta . aut donataeaut emp ta: dominus est, according-to lawyers.
1948 . Posterus . Posterior.
Po srmws , (f rom po st ) tha t comes after or f ol low s. Id ci stern
die veni t in mentem. Cic. Laude posterfi crescer e . He r . ostea ,
& c., Posteri ty .— Po sr nnl on, the last, when speaki if two . Eas
tenores cegitationes sapientiores esse solemt. Cic. prioribusmder
A
. l
- D I T IO , power, authority , j urisdiction. In d itione alicuj us esse Cic.,
Nationes qumin eorum regn o ac d itione sunt . 1d . Roman i mag1stratus p otestatemverebantur ; ducis imp eri o parebant, d itionem am
plificabant. G D .
1 954 . Potiits. Sa tiits
Po r lo
us , from p otis) rather . Depugna p ot1us quam servias . Cic.
O rati o 1 11 quanon vis potius, sed d electatio postulatur . 1d . It is sa id
of time. Qumej us festinatio , n isi ut ad a rh em p o t ins exercitummaximum add uceret ? C ic. SA '
rw s , ( from satis ) better . Mori satiuse st quam turpiter vivere . Cic .
— Vide o cum altero vinci satius esse,quam cum altero V incere . Id .
1 955. Potus . Pol io. Pota tio .
POTUS , drink , drink ing . Cum ea pars an imi sit immoderato obstupefacta p otu atque pastu. Cic.
— POT 1 0 , the act“
of drinking . [11
media potione exclamavit muli er, se mori . Cic. I t i s sa id (f a ll kind s
pf drink , even of a medica l draugh t. Multo cib o et p otione completi .Cic. Medicus p rimapotione sustulit mulierem, The phys iciank illed that woman by thefi rst draugh t he gave ber .
— POTA '
N O,quenta tive o/p ot i o) the act of drinking ha rd, of drunkenness.
t erna p otatione oscitans. Cic.
1 956 . Prcecep tio . Praeceptum.
PRE CEPT IO , from p rae and capere ) p roperly , the act of taking bef ore . Saturn ians, qui nos reliquit h aeredes , quad rantem Reipub liceenostrze dedit, d eind e pr o quadrante p rmceptiouem quad r ingento rummillium. Pliri. j un. It is most generally sa id of instr uctzon, or of the act
of giving p recepts. Propria est ea p 1 aecep t1o StOlCOl‘
um.— PRJECEP
TUM , the precep t itself. Dare p rmcep ta de aliqufi re. C ic. Tenend um est 11 0 0 oflicii pr teceptum,
ne quem unquam innocentem judici ocap itis accersas. Id . I t is sa id of command. Haud mora : continuomatris p rmcep ta facescit. Virg.
1 957. Praecipué. Prceser tim. App r ime. lmpr inzis . Cumpr imis.
PRE C I PUE a nd P1mser t1m ough t not to be mistaken the one [or theoth er . Prascipue is opposed to communiter , un iversaliter , and s ignifiesparticula rly , especia lly . N eque ego nunc p raecipuede consularibusd isputo , univers i senatus commun is est ista laus. C ic. Lab or m 11 0 0defendendo p raecipue meus est, studiumvero conservand i h ominiscommune mih ivob iscum esse debet. Id .
— P11 es s 1snr 1 1\1 , ch irfiy, p r incipally, above a ll . Non tam istame sap i entiae fama d electat, falsa p rmsertim. C ic. Prmcipue would be bad La tin.
— APPR IME, ver ymuch ,very well, perfectly , quite . App r ime invita est utile , ut n e quid n imis.Ter. Id app rune rect e d icitur . Cic.
— I 111 r am 1 s and CUMPR IM I S , i nthefi r st p lace, fi rst
”
of a ll. Imp rimis venerare De os . Virg. OmnesCUp imus , ego imprimi s , quam primum te vid ere . Cic. H omo d omisues cump r imis locuples. Cic. Juris civilis 1mp r imis p eritus. Cic.
1 958 . Prcecipuus. Pri ncipalis .
PRE C IPUU S , ( from p rm and.
cap ere ) special, particula r to one.
Amorem quemd am p raecipuum i n eos qui procreat i sunt , ingeneratnatura. Cic. Tumcommuuibus malis, tumprmc1pu1s 0pp 1 essus sum.
Pumcm 1
1961.Pram
Fumem
hullsm
455
cum Varro fuissent ; h oc certe pwe&c. Id . PR INC I PAL IS
, (p rimum ca
Principalis s ignificatioverb i , Quint .,
itive s ignifica tion o/a word. Gansta principales et perfectae.
lso s ign ifies of or belong ing to pr inces. Null o p rincipal i pavetere egestate consp icuus . Tac.
1 959 . Prcecur r er e. Pr oc'
urr er e.
"PRJECURRERE, ( cur rere p rm) to run or make speed bef ore . Abi ,
p raecur re, ut domi sint parata omnia. Ter . Praecur runt equ ites . Cass.
ly S tudi o aliquem p raecurrere. Cic. Praecur rit amicitiaId . H orum uterque Isocratem es tate p raecur r it. l d .
PROCURRERE, (currere p r o ) to movej'
oru'
ard . Qu o ti es quaeque co
h ors p r ocur reret . Cass . Pr ocurr ere in publicum. Liv. FigurativelyIn mare pr ocurr it Apenninus . H or .
1 960. Pr ced icer e. Prod icer e.
PRE D ICERE, to tell bey‘or ehand , tof or elell. Quo in b ello n ih il advers i accid it, 11 0 11 p raed icente me. Cic. l n multos annos s olis defeetiones p ree d icuntur . l d .
—PROD ICERE, to adj ourn, to appoint anothert ime or term. Diem allea i p rod icere, Liv. , To fix anoth er d ay in li eu(f the d ay tha t has been app ointed wh ich was th e case when a bus iness h ad not been terminated.
1 96 1 . Preed ictio. Prced icta . Vaticinatio . Va ticinium. Divinatio.
Oraculum.
PRE D ICTIO , (d icere p rae) a pred iction, an act of/‘
or etelling . H a
b et fid em pr aed ictio n ostra . Cic. Fat oramveteres p rzed ictiones. Id .
— PRJED ICTA, the th ings/br etold . Vatam p raed i
'
cta interpretar i. Cic .
Panzetius astrOIOgor um praed icta rej ecit. l d .— VA T I C 1NA T 1 0 , (quas i
faticinatio , from fata canere ) a prophesy ing , a divination . Sibyllinesvaticinationes . Cic .
— VA T I C I N IUM, th e prop hecy itself ,the th ing pr a~
p hesied . Plena estvita h is vaticinns, sed non con i'
erend a , cum saepé
falsa sint. Plin.— D I V INA T I O , the ar t of j or etelltng , of guessing th ings
to come. Divinatio est earum rerum quae fortuitas putantur p raed ictio atque p raesensio . 1 Cic. Potest autem quis, cum d ivinationem h abeat, errare aliquandO. Id . ORACULUM , [r am os , oris ) an oracle,an answer from the Gods . Oracula ex ea app ellata sunt, quod inesth is Deorum orati o . C ic. Scitatum oracula Ph cebi mittimus . Virg .
Illud verum est M. Catonis oraculum n ih il agenda h omines maleagere discant. C0 1.
1 962. Prced itus . l nstructus . Ornatus.
Pamm r u s , (datas p rx ) endowed with . Judici o minus firmo p rsed itus. Cic. Magistrata summo p rmd itus . Id . Luetu p raed itus . l d .
Quid faceret astate p raed itus P Id . Amicitiaet audaciap raed itus.
1d . V itio p ersp icuo s r grandi p raed itum p onere ex emp lum. l d .
‘
Stu
d io venand i p raed itus . l d .— IN S TRUCT US , from in and strues ) f ur
nished , equ ipped , acconti ed, accommoda ted . l nstructus telis exercitus .
Cic. Omnibus rebus instr uctum et paratum convivium. 1d . Instruotus ad caed em. Liv. Figura tively . l nstr uctior d octr inis . Cic. l n
structior a p11 110 50ph ii1 , s j ure civili, ab b istan a . l d . Ad d icenduminstructissimus anatura. Id .
— ORNATUS , adorned, set Qfi; dr essed,
456
d ecked . Instructus et o rnatus art ibus . Cic. Omata r’ebus omnibusdomicil ia. Id . Instructs. et ornéta éxeré it
'
u Id .
H onoribus amplissimis, fortun isque maximis, conj ug’
e, liberis , et'
af
fin ibus or natus’impera to r . Id. Navis in ter al ias omatior . 1d .
ex suisvirtutibus, Te r., A man tr ea téd as he d eserves ‘
tobe.
1 963. Prcedo . Pirata . Direp tor . Prceda tor .
PRE DO , (f rom p raeda ) a robber either by sea or land, a pillager .Omnium tempio rum atque te‘ctorum, totifi
'
sque urb is ptmd o . Cic.
S i cui naviganti, quem p raed ones insequantur , Deus d ixer it, ej ice ted e navi , &c. l d .
— Pw A'
r A , to pass or cross over ) a pir ate, a corsa ir, a robber on the sea . Istam claim 5. piratis ob h unc arch ip iratam Pecun iam accep isse. Cic. Qui s unquam p ra do fu it tamnefarius , qms p i rata tam barbarus ? l d .
— D I REPT OR , (d iver sim ra
p iens) a p illager, one that p lunders and ca r'
r ies away th ings f rom all
pa rts. D ireptor etvexato r urb is. Cic.— PRE DATOR, one in thevery
act of robbing or p lundering . Quos in eod em genere p ra datorum dirept
'
orumque p on o . Cic. I t mayst ill be observed that di répfor denotesh ereviolence.
1964. Prceesse. Pre sider e.
PRE ESSE, ( esse p res ) to be over, as the head and chief ruler ; to have'
the cha rge“ or su
'
per inténdance of a th ing . Faciéndaeal ien i rei pubi icé
p raeesse. Cic. Praeesse navibus et classi. Id . Cum h uic que stionijudex pracesses . l d .
— PRE S IDERE , (sedere p rae ) to pres ide. to havethe gua rd ing of. Ad opem pr tr standam t e esse , says Wi lla . Vos
etiam atque etiam imp loro , sanctissimae ea , qua: cuncta: Siciliae
p raesidetis. Cic. Praesid ere rebus urban is . l d. Wemaysay De
p r'
aesid et mundo ; arch itectus md ificéfi da domui praeest. G: D .
1 965. Prwfectus. L‘
egatns.
PRE FECTO S , (factus p r‘
a ) any principa l ofi m who has themartagernent, ca re, or charge of a th ing ; a snper intend e
’
mt. -Prmfectusmo‘
r ibus. Cic. Praefectus castr is, Id . JErar ii p raefectus. Liv. Pre fectusclassis
‘
. Cic.—LEGATUS , a d eputy , an arrtbassador sen t by a prince, w ith
'
a commission to treat of business w i th another power . Miss i legati d ewagn is rebus. H or . Legati resp on
‘
s’
a fl aunt -Virg . It a lso signifies al ieutenant; he who fi lls up the place or (317509 of onewho is a bsent. Pompeius H ispaniam p rovinciamper legatos administravit. Cic. Neque
is; igno rare quid sit officium legati qui fiduciariam operamObtine ret.a s .
1966 . Pray'
ua’icium. Pr ay
'
udicata op in io .PRE JUD IC IUM, (dicere j us p rae) a kind qf /or cj udging
fi nal j udgement. De quo non praaj ud icium, sed planejudicium factum putatur . Cic. It is not only a pr epar atoryj udgement, but also adefi nit ive j udgm ent, wh ich it is bel ieved ha s been passed
‘
upan sortiebody . Pra j ud icium is a lso sa id oj
‘
a p recedent in law, tried before in a
case much a like. Cum Opp ian icum j am perd itum, et d uobus ju‘
dicatump re j ud icns videret. Cic. It never was used bygood au
‘
thors‘
inthe sense of prq
'
ud ice or prepossess ion. In th is sense they make use «1PM JUD i CA
‘
TA o pmxo . Pre j udicata Op in i o obruit judicium. Ph at
Tantum Op ini o p raej ud icata poterat, ut etiam sin e rati one valeretaucto ritas . Cic.
the rest of mysp eech .— PERMUN IRE , tof or tifystrongly , tofi nish a f or
tification begun. Quae mun imenta inch oaverat p ermuniit . Liv.
1 972. Prwpa ra tio. Provis io.
PRE PARAT IO , (parare prae) a prepa ring , a prepa ration. Diligens
p re paratio in omn ibus negotiis p riusquam aggred iare adh ibenda est.
Cic.— Pa ovxs to , (vid ere p ro ) f ores igh t, a forecasting , a p rovis ion
aga instf uture exigencies . Poste ri tempor is p r ovisiri. C ic. Provisio
an imi , et p ra paratio multum p rodest ad minuend um d olo rem. Id .
1 973. Prceponer e. Prceferr e.
PRE PONERE , (p onere p ra ) to put before or fi rst. Ultima p rimis
p raaponere. Cic. Figura tively Salutem p opuli Roman i vita: suesp raeposuit. Cic. Agesilaus opulentissimo regn o p raeposuit b onam ex
istimationem. C . Nep— PRE FERRE, (ferre p rae) p roperly , to carry te
f ore . S inistra retinebat arcum, dex tra ardentem facem p razferebat.
Cic. Figura tively to show. Praeferre sensus aperté , Cic., To advanceor hasten . Pra tulit triumph i diem, Liv., He advanced the day of h istr iumph . Pra posuit would not do here. I t a lso s ignifies to p ref er inchoice . Salutem Reipublicae su is commodis p reefer re. Cic. Praepo
n ere would convey the same sense.
1 974 . Prceponere. Prceficer e.
PRE PONERE (synonymous with p ra ficere ) exp resses an author ityless absolute. O raq o p reeposita sacerd os. Cic. Prazpositus b ello im
perator . l d .— PRE F I CERE, (facere prae) to put in authority , to set one
over . Praeficere legatos legion ibus. Cass . Sed itio sos h omines p rosticiebant Reipublicae . Cic . Praeficere magistratum p rocurationi. Id .
1 975. Praer up tus . Abruptas . Abscissas.
PRE RUPTUS , ( ruptus p raz) craggy , steep , dangerous to cl imb up .
Pi 'aeruptior collis . Cic. Praer upta sux a. l d .— ABRUPTUS , ( rup tus ab )
broken Qfi'
. Ingeminant ab ruptis nub ibus ignes . Virg . Natura locus
j am antep raeceps , recent i terree lapsu in p edum mille admodum a]
t itud inem abrup tus e rat . Liv. Figura tively Ab ruptus sermo , Cic. ,
A concise sty le. Initium ab ruptum, Quint., Th e beg inn ing of a d is
course without a p reamble.— ABSC I S SUS , (scindere ab ) cut ofi'
. parted .
Quibus abscissis antennae necessar id concid ebant. Cms. Nec feré
quicquam satis ard uum aut ab scissum erat , quod h osti ad itum as
censumque d ifficilem p reeberet, Liv., Th ere was hardly a p lace, let i t
be ever so h igh or s leep ,wh ich the enemy co uld not ascend . Figu rative
ly : Res erat abscissa , Liv. , Th ere was no more hope of doing anyth ing in th is afl
'
uir . Abscissa omn i spe, Id .
, All hopes havingvanish ed.
1 976 . Prcescr ibere. Pra 'fi nir e. Praestituer e.
Pamscmnane , (scr ibere pres ) properly, to write before , to g ive atitle to . Nec Ph aebo gratior ulla est, quam sib i qua
-zVari p razscr ipsit pagina nomen . Virg. Figura tively to p rescr ibe , to orda in on com
mand. H oe natura p raescr ib it, ut h omo h omini , quicumque s i t , 01)earn causam, qud d is h omo s it , consultumvel it. Cic . Jura civitatibus pr re scr ibere. 1d . Qu id faciam p reescr ibe. H or .
—PR 1£ FI N IRE ,
(finire prize ) to determine, to l imit beforeh and . Pr zr fini re diem suc
cessori. Cic. Aliquantt‘
) p ost cam diemvencrunt, qua d i es lege prin
m ud-h t
Scuti locus
a ny“,
459
12, (statuere p rae ) to determine or apdone , to decid e
'
1 empus quamd iu diDiem p raestituit op eri faciend o calen
ecemb1 is . Id . l if e may say with prop riety . H erus servo qu idp raescribit ; p raefin it ne p luris émat ; p raestituit diem quo re
You owe me a sum of money ; you must p ay it before the last daymonth
, p razfinio diem : youmust payme thefifl eenth, p raestituo
G. D .
1 977. Prcesensio. Prcesagitio . Pr cesagium. Omen.
( s entire p rae) surmise, presentiment. Praesensiones reCic.
— PRIESAG I T IO , (segire p rae) the act o/pr ognos .
Sagire, senti 1 e acute est , is ig itur quiest , d icitur p raesagire . Cic. Inest 1n ani
inj ecta , et inclusa d ivinitus. 1d .—PRJEE
nostica tzon itseUZ l rritavatam p raesagia .
- OMEN, a presageq road or bad augury or tendency . Quod Di iaver tant. Cic. Cum b
o
onis ominibus i ncip ere. Liv.
1 978 . Prcesepe. Stabulum.
PRE S EPE , ( from p rae and sep ire ) properly, a secure and inclosedca ttle to reti re to . Cump rimum
.pas ti rep etent p 1 aesep 1a tau
Atque ln p raesep ibus urs i saevi re. 1d . Ignavum fucos p ecus ap raesep ibus a1 cent Id . I t i s a lso sa id of the rack or manger of astable. Non altius edita esse p r aesep ia convenit, quam ut bos
b
aut j umentum sine incommod o stans vesci p ossit. Col. It is moreover sa idof a bawdy - house . Audis in p raesep ibus, audis in stup r is, audis incib o et vin o . Cic.
- STABULUM , ( from stare ) a p lace if retrea t f oran ima ls, whether it be shut up or not. Ardu 1 tecta p etit stabuli . Virg .
Quatuor a stabulis p raestanti corp o re tauros avertit . Id . They werei n a posture”ground In stabulis sint amp
'.1 p raesep ia Col. I t i s sa id
cf retr ea ts j ar men . Gibus erat caro ferina , atque h umi stabulum.
Sall . Exercere stabulum, Ulp ., To keep an inn . Necviam tenebam,
quo loco stabulum esset solebam. Petron . Figura tively : Stah nlum flagitii, nequitiae. Plaut.
1 979 . Praeses. Custos.
PRE SES , ( sedere p rae) onewho p res ides , a patron. U1 b i et Beipahlicae p raesides sunt Penates patru. Cic. Rerum p i sases Ce sar. Ovid .
Praises locus, Plaut A saj e place . —CUSTOS , a keeper , a porter, awa tchman: Custos ovium p raeclarus , lupus . Cic . Portae custos .Virg .
Liber tatis praeses et custos Tr ibunus p lebis . Cic. SenatusReipublicaecustos, p raeses et p ropugnator. Id .
1 980. Prcestr in:>a cr e. Perstr inger e.
PRJESTR INGERE, (stringere p rae ) to bind f ast or hard Fauce p raestricta laque o . Ovid f igura tively . to daz z le . Prmstr ingentibus ful
gor ibus aciem oculorum. Liv. Pr aestr ingei e aciem ingeni i , C ic. , Yo
impose upon one Praestr ingere p raestigias , Id . ,
'
1 0 defea t/a llud es and
delusions r - PERS TR I N GERE, (stringel e per ) to tie up close . Viremne n im1um perst1 ingas . Cat H on or ingens spectantes p e1 st1 1ng1t
Liv. Figuratively : to contract, to a tri da e Quem locumb revitor perstr inx i. Cic. Pexstringere cursumaliquem, Id ., To per/arm a j ourney
quickly, in a shor t time. Pe'
t‘strin e re aliquem; Id TO'blamt one ay
the by. To h int a repr oach a t one. rstfi ngere oculos,“
says'
Dolétus,est intentax
‘
n'
et infixam oculorum ac iem imp ed ire ; wh ereas Pmstringére oculorum abiem is
"
ocul o'
rumobtutum re quadamobjecté
19 8 1 . Prceter .
'Preeterqudm.
There is this’
difi r e'
nce between these two words, that PRE TER is a
preposition govern ing an accusa tive case ; and PRE T
’
ERQUAM a conj aneél ion requ iring af ter it the same case as before. We say Null ius re iavarus sum praete r laudem, or p raeterquam laud is. G . D. Omnes
p ré ter eam. Cic. Nul lius'
id interest, praeterq‘
uamte
‘
r also signifies, by the s ide, before . Praater oculos, ic. , Bef or e one'
s
eyes. Prazter'
rnc'
enia, Liv., Along the ramparts.
1 982. Pr eetendere. Protender e .
PRE TEND ERE‘, ( tendere pm ) to hold or hand a th ing before.tender e vestem. Ovid . Prwtendere
‘
Cusp id em. Id . FigurativelyVerba culpze pmte ndere; Ovi d. Ig
’
nor antia p ré tend i non“
p otest,Quint One cannotplead ignor ance as_an excusea—PBOTENDERE, ten
dere p ro ) to stretch f orth or out. Nanti p rotendere manum. vid .
Brach ia alter‘
na’
protendet‘e . Virg . Figuratively
Pr'
otendere rem in ménsem Januar ium. Cic.
Praeter ir e. Omitter e. Prceter rnittere.
m r em11 13, (ire praeter ) prop erw, to go beyond. Bum
’
be e puto ,
p racterii imp rudens Vi llam. Ter. Figu ratively 1 . To surpass orH os nob ilitate Mago p ro-eteriit. Cic. Nulla est glor ia p reeterire asellos . Mart. 2. To pass over, tomake nomention of. Omit to j urisdi ctionem in liberfi civi tate contra
'
leges , libid ines p rzr tereo. Cic .—OM I T
T ERE, (mittere ob ) to omit, to lay aside enti rely. Omitto quid illeTribunus Fecer it. C ic. Pietatem et h umanitatem omisit . Id . Omi ttetr istitiam tuam. Ten (mittere p raeter ) to let
pass, not to’
men tion , to neglect. Occas ionemp raetermittere. Liv. Nih il quod ad earn r em pertinet p reetermittimus
'
. Cic. Ne h oc qu idem
p ra termittendum esse dux i. Id . Oblivi one p ra termittimus , omittimus industria, according to grammar ians.
1 984. Praetextus. Obtentus.
Pm r s x rvs, (texere p rize) a p retext or pretence, is only usedfigur atively. Omnium inimicitiaah oc p raetextu ad nos deferentur. Suet.
In pr aetex tu quzBstionis sangu in em pe tiisti, Cic. , Under the pretence
of a lega l inqu iry , you have a imed at th e shedd ing of blood . Pre textamzs used in the same sense . Prze tex tum q uid em ill i civilium armorumh oc fuit, causas autem alias fuisse Opinantur . Suet .— OBTENTUS ,( tendere ob ) p rop er ly , the act o/stretch ingf or th or out . Extructos
que toros ob tentu frond is inurnbran t. Virg. fi guratively: a vei l, a
sh ade, of pall iative. Secunda resmiré suntvitiis obtentui, Sall . , Pr osp erity h ides vices admi rably . Bruti quoque non
'
abnuit cogn omen , utsub ej us obtentu cognominis l iberator ille popul i R oman itens aperiretur temp ore suo . Liv.
1985. Praetor p eregrinus. Preetor urbanus.
The office of the Praetor was to administer j ustice in Rome : Only
A LIGUI , to afl'
er up prayersfor one, to wish himwell or i ll. Incolumitatem et red itum alieni p recari . Cic. Precari alien i malam for tunam. Id .
1 99 1 . Precis . Pr ecatio .
PREC I S, gen itive of the obsolete word p rex . The gen itive, da tive, andablative ca ses ar ef ound in the s ingula r number prayer , supp lzca tion.
N ih il est p reci l oci relictum. Ter Primum p rece numen adora .
V i rg . The p lural is more in use. Placare p rccibus d ivinum numer1scelere iratum. Cic.
— PRECAT IO , a p ray ing . Precatione trans igere .Liv. Precatio seems to be consecra ted to relig ion . Solemn is comitior um p recatio , Cic. Res divina precatioque. Liv. It would beveryprop er to say In solemni comitiorum p recatione Di i p recibusannuerunt. G. D .
1 992. Prehender e. Pr ehensar e.
PREH END ERE, to ta ke hold if the ha nd, or to take with the hand.
Dein ipsummanu p reh end it. Cic. Manum alicuj us preh endere. Id .
Syrus est p reh end end us atque ad h or tand us . Ter . It was customa ryto get hold of the hand qf h im one was speaking le.
— PREH ENSARE and
he (Jten hold of a th ing .
e samemeaning p reh en ‘
app ly ing to one in
te for a p lace, because in th is ca se the candida tes caught
the electors bythe hand, to ma ke more imp ression on their minds .
1 993. Premere. D epr imere.
PREMERR, to pr ess or s ink down . Laevo p ed e p ressit exanimum.
Virg. Figuratively : Premi aere alieno . Cic. Prop os itum premere ,Ovid . , To pers ist in one
'
s plan or des ign . Ea Z eno p remebat que 5.n ob is d ilatantur , Cic Z eno urged closely what we a rgue in an extens ive way. Quid p remet obscurum lunae, quid p re ferat orh em,
H or . ,
lfi a t produces tha t constant viciss itude of l igh t and da rkness in themoon . Facta p temunt anuos, Virg . , Your deeds a r e above your age.
—DEPR IM 1311 13, (p remere de ) to pr ess or weigh down . Lang: in Iibrft
p ond er ibus impositis d ep r imitur . Cic. C lass is naufragi o dep ressa.
I d . Figu ra tively Saep é multorum imp robitate depressa ve ritasemergit. Cic. Etiamnevos meam fortunam d ep r imitis , vestrumex
tollitis ? Id . Adversar iorum causam per contemp tionem dep rimimus. Id .
1 994. Pr imavas . Primigenias .
PR IME V US , (p rimum aevum) elder , l'
ornfi rst. V ix unus H eleno ret Lycus elapsi, quorum p r imaevus H elenor. Virg. Pr imaevo cor
p ore Lausus. Id . Pr imxvo flo re j uventus . l d .— PR 1M IGEN 1US , (p r i
mi) genitus ) tha t is p roduced th ef irst, primitive. S emina primigenia.
Var . Primigenia verba, Quint., Pr imitive words tha t ar e themselvesthe r oots of other s .
1 995. Prima r ius . Pr inceps. Pr imitias .
Pmsmnw s , (f rom p rimus ) pr ima ry , that surpasses and excelso thers . Senato r vir primarius . C ic. Primari o loco esse. Id .
— PR1N
c ees , (quasi p rimum caput ) first. Dearum p rinceps Juno . Ovid .
Ad per icula p rinceps . C 1c. Ex ordium p rinceps omnium rerum de
ral 11111 1
a if ?”
463
bet esse . Id . Princeps ph iloso oro
um. l d . Princeps Latin i n ominis .
Liv. Princeps sceler is, et conci tator b elli . Caes. Quales 1 11 Re
publica p r incip es essent, tales reliquos so lere esse cives. Cic. Princep s is always used adj ectively : vir be ing understood, u hcn i t is em
a pr ince.— PR IM IT IUS , thefi r . ,st the p r incipa l orany k ind. Rapit pr imitium t orrem. Ovid .
1 996 . Pr imas j ier r e. Pr ima s defer re.
PR IMA S FERRE , (partes understood ) to be in thefi rst rank . Ex 1 13
Co tta et Sulp itius cummeo judici o , tum omn ium,facilep rimas tu .
lernut. Cic.— PR IMAS DEFERRE
, 10 y ield , to g ive thefl r st r ank orp lace. Ad quem Ep icure i p rimas ex nostris h omin ibus d eferebant.Cic.
1 997. Pr imores. Proceres . Opt ima tes.
PR IMORES , (f rom primus ) the nobles or gentry , the Ct men of a
p lace. Popul i pr 1mo res. H o r . Quos omnis euntes p r imorummanusad p ortas p 1 osequitur . Virg.
— PROCERES , (f rom p rocerus ) the greatones, those in any eleva ted sta tion . Proceres Latino rum. Liv. P0
pul i p roceres . Virg . OPT IMATES , (f rom Op timus ) the great men ,those of the h ighest rank . Qui ita se gerebant, u t sua cons ilia op timocuique p roba1 entur , optimates babebantm . C ic. O
ptimates ma
t ronae. C ic. Op timates Ath eniensium Id . Usque eo 0 1 ba fui t abop timatibus illa conci o , ut princeps p r incipum esset Meandras. I d .
V iam op timatum tenere. Id .
1 998 . Primus . Pr ior. Super ior.
PR IMUS , thefi rst, when more than two a r e spoken of. Civitatis
p rimus. Cic . Annus p rimus ab b on orum functione. Id . Primus isthe superla tive of pri on — PR IO R, thefi rst, when two only a r e men
tionea’, or when there is a compar ison. Vulp es ad coenam d icitur p ri o rinvitasse . Ph a d . N os autem quae p ri ora d uo sunt sumamus. Id .
SUPERIO R, tha t is above, h igher , f ormer , that preced es . Superi ord omus , C ic The top of the house. Superi o r stabat lupus, l ongé i11ferior agnus. Ph eed . Quanta sup eri ores sumus , tanto nos submis
s ins geramus . Cic. Sup eri o r eetas. 1 d . Primus is opp osed to ult imus ; p ri o r to p osteri or sup eri or to inferi or.
b
1 999 . Pr iscus. Pr istinas . Antiquas . Vetu’
s . Vetuslus .
PRI SCUS , old , ancient, (f old time, no more ex isting . Prisca illa severitas. Cic. G ens p risca mo rtalium. Il or. Moneta p risca con
cessit n ova . Ovid . lnusitata et p riscaverba , Cic. , Wb r ds qu ite olsolete —PR I ST INU S , (quod prius stetit) ancient, is sa id of th ings notcapa ble o, admitting decay b
’
y old age. Dign itas pristina. C i c. Prist inum an imum in aliquem conservare . Id . Prisca dign i tas and priscum animum would l e l ad La tin . H oc unum ad p r istinam for tunam
Caesar i deficit. Caes.- AN T 1 QUUS , (f rom ante) a ncient, antique .
Antiquissimi Maced onum reges. Q . Curt. As ancient th ings ar e dea rto us
, an tiquus has been u sed instead of ch arus , but only in the com
parative deg ree. N ih il sib i autiquius amici tia n ostra est. Cic.— V E
TUS , old , opposed to recens , does not imp ly so much old age as antiquus
does. Thevery same th ing maybe antique and vetus a t th e same t ime ;antique, l ecause our f orey
’
izthers_
d td see i t ; and vetus, because our co
464
h ave emp loyed it . Scelus, inquam, factum est j am 11111
tvetus . Plaut. H istoriamveterem atque antiquambaecmeat senectus sustinet. Id . Antiquum d icitur j us gentium, quod unitcum h umano genere anaturaex istit ; vetus vinum, quéd antean
num cond itum fuit. G. D . Ve tus consuetudo fori , et p r istinus mosj ud iciorum. C ic.
— VJZI US TUS , ( from ve tus ) tha t h as been a longwh ile in ex istence, and beg ins to wear out. 1 t is opposed to n ovus, andis more p roper ly sa id of things than if p ersons . Temp lumvetustum.
V i rg. Quaeyetustissi rna nunc cred untur , nova fuére. Tao. Itaveteris vetusti cup ida sum. Plaut.
2000 . Pr ivatus . Peculia ris .
PR I VATUS , tha t belongs to each individua l , a man’
s own . Monitus ,multumque monend us , p rivatas ut queerat op es. H or . Pr ivatus illiscensus erat. brevis , commune magnum. l d .
— PECULIAR I S , (f romp eculium) that is our own ,
specia l . H oc mih i p eculiare fuerit. Cic.
Peculiare edictum. Id . Testis peculi aris alicuj us. Id . Pr ivatus isopposed to commun is, publicus and peculiaris to gene ral is .
2001 . Pfivilegium. Praer oga tiw .
PR IV I LEG IUM , (privata lex ) a law concern ing one individual only ,
either f or or aga inst h im. Sed quid ego communes leges p rofero ,qu ibus omn ibus es exul ? Familiar issimus tuus d e te p rivilegiumtul it. Cic. In p rivatos h omines l eges ferri noluerunt, i d est en im
privilegium. l d .— PRE ROGAT I VA , ( rogare p ref ) precedence in g iving
votes . Sor titio p raerogativae. Cic. Custp dem p raerogativaacomitiisp rmficere. Id . I t is a lso sa id of a mark, secur ity , p ledge . S i tr ium
ph i p rmrogativam putas esse supplicationem. Cic. Dedit p rie rOgativam sumvoluntal is. l d . Prmrogativa p retii, Id P ledge or earnestof money . Th ese two words , ta ken in the sense of pr ivilege and pr e
rogative in Engl ish , ar e barbar isms (f lea found in the compositions ofyoung Latinists .
2002. Prius. Citius . Oczus.
Pa ws , before, sooner . Disce pr1us quid sitvivere . Cic. Priuso rto s ole , H o r ., Bef ore sun- r is ing . Prius tuaOp ini one bic adero .
Plaut.— C l '
r w s , (f rom citdzmore quickly . Dicto citifis . Virg. Ut
V icinum citius adj uver is quam fratrem. Cic.— c s , g
ram
quick ) most speed ily , sooner . Ser ius, ocius dant pcenas, or ., Soonor late. Ocius o
'
mnes insurgimus. Ovid . Deseremus ocifis aRe
publica, quama re t‘
amiliar i. Cic. D iscamus p rius quid sit vivere ,quia dicto citiusvolat aetas, et in morbum ocius incid imus. G. D
2003. Provir i li parte . Pr o se quisque .
P11 0 V I R I L I PA RTE , to one'
s utmost. H aec qui p ro vi rili par ted efendunt, op timates sunt. Cic. (somet imesvi rili and sometimes partear e understood — Pno S E QUI SQUE , everyone f or h is pa rt, each in thebest manner hecan . Pr o se quisque fau ebat. Ter. Pro se quisquescelus regium acvim queruntur . Liv. Pro se quisque armis abj ectis difi
'
ugiunt. Id . Pr o vi rili parte pugnant, Theyfigh t with’
all theirmight. Pro se quisque pugnant, Th ey fight in the best ruanner in.
their power, or each for .h is s ide. G. D .
466
calamitosos. Id . Propenso an imo aliquid facere . Liv. Ut al ius adah ummorbum p rocl ivror , sic al ius ad al ia vi tia p ropensior . Cic.
2008. Prodesse. Proficere.
PRODESSE, to do good, to be useful to others . Prodesse plur imis.‘
C ic. Non p rofuit, sed nocuit. l d .— PROFI CERE, to do good to one
’
s
self , toprofit. Nih il profecisti ; absolutas j am sunt p reces tuae. Cic.
I dem et docent i et d iscent i debet esse prop os itum, ut ille et p ro
d esse velit, h ic p roficere. Sen . Theyseem to have been used indiscr imina tely, especially when j oined to mih i , t ib i , & c. Metno ne art ificium tuum t ib i parum p rosit. Cic. Et quisquam d ub itabit quidvi rtute p rofecturus sit, qui tantum n ob is auctor itate p rofecer it? Id .
2009 . Prodige. Prodigia liter .
PROD I GE, wastrf ully, extravagantly . Sed non p ossunt non p ro
d igevive re , qui n ostra b ona sperant, cum efFund unt sua. C ic .
PROD IGIALI TER , prodig iously , wonderfully. Qui variare cup it rem
p rod igialiter unam, d elph inum silvis adp ingit, fluctibus ap ram, H or . ,
H e who , in ogder to introducevar iety into his subj ects , f alls into themarvellous, r epresents a dolph in in af orest, and a boa r in the middle of
.the waves.2010. Prodig iosas. Prodigia lis.
Paomc l osn s , p rodig ious , ma rvellous . Prodig i osa co rp ora. Quint.P rodigi os i solis d efectus. Plim. Prod igiosum d ictu. Tac — PR0 D 1
G IALI S , tha t averts or exp iates ominous p rodig ies . Prod igiali Jovimolis salsa, aut th ure comprecar i. Plaut.
201 1 . Prod igium. Por tentum. Ostentam. Monstrum.
PRODIGIUM is a genera l word, and is sa id if all prodigies. Multa
swpé p rod igia vim numenque Cet eris ostend unt. C ic. Por ten tum,
ostentam, monstrum, ar e particula r p rodig ies. Praed ictiones verb,et p raesensiones rerum futurarum quid al iud declarant, n is i b omin ibus ea quae sint, ostendi , monstrari, p or tend i , p r ied ici, ex quo illaostenta , monstra, por tenta, p rod igia d icuntur Cic.
— PORTENTUM
is especia lly sa id of prod igies that happen on land and in water. Waterchanged into blood, a shower (f stones or blood , is portentum. Nec s i
id factum est quod fier i potuit , portentum deb et vider i. Cic.— Os
TENTUM is a vi sion, on appari tion. Ostentis multa admonemur . Cic.
— MONSTRUM , a monster, or any th ing tha t is aga inst or besid es thecommon course of na ture. An ox with a horse's h ead would be monstrum. In ostento varietas admirationem facit ; in monstro rectusord o naturae vertitur ; in p ortento d ifi
'
ertur eventus. G . D. Monstraet ostenta , Deorummon ita ; prod igia, Deorum minazvel i rir ; portenta, quaealiqui d imminere S ign ificant. G. D . Monstrum, Portentum
, and Prod igium a re used in the gura tive sense. Nulla j am pern icies amonstr o i ll o atque p rodigi o mmnibus ipsis comparab i tur.Cic. Clodius fatale portentum prod igiumque Reipublicae. Id .
2012. Prof ar i. Prcefari.
PROFARI , (fari p ro ) to say openly , loudly, publicly . Demissa vultum Dido p rofatur . Virg. C lamore magn o p rofatur . S i1 . Ital.PRE PAR I, (fari p raz) to say beforehand, to f oretell. S i de Aurelia
46
aliquid dicimus , aut Loll a, h onos p ra fandus est. Cic. Praefar i carmen . LIV . Praafatus Divos so li o rex infit ab alto . V irg. From th issword orig inates our word Preface.
2013. Prqfligar e. S ternere. Prosternere .PRO FL I GARE, (f rom pro and the obsolete word fligere) properly to
lay down on the ground. Figuratively to rout,to put tofl igh t. Pr o
fligare aciem h ostium. Cic. Profi igare Rempublicam. Id . Profli
gatus juven is , l d ., A young man ruined and undone. Profligato b ell oac p ene sublato. l d .
— STERNERE , to layf lat along , to spread. Sternere locum sax is. Liv. Lectum stern i j ubet . Cic. Sternit agros,Virg., He str ikes down the corn in thefi elds. Figuratively Pavo rh umil is stravit mortalia corda. Virg .
— PROSTERNERE, f rom p ro
and sternere ) to layfl a t or p rostra te . Prosternere h umr co rp ora.
Liv. Aciem p rosternere , Id ., To overthrow the a rmyof the enemy ;whereas p r ofligare is to ruin it, to disable it f rom a ttemp ting to figh taga in . Figuratively Malevolorum obtrectationes et invid ias prosternere . Cic. S ic te abj icies, atque p rosternes ? Id .
201 4. Profuger e. Ref ugere.
(pom) fugere ) to fly awayf or qfl'
. Patres-familiaserunt. Cic.
— REFUGERE, ( retro fugere ) to r un or j lyep id usque repenté refugit. Virg. Figura tively RefugereCic . Nec p ericulum est ullum, quod p ro libe rtate aut
aut, &c. Id .
2015. Proge nies. Proles . Soboles.
BS , (from p ro and giguere ) a progeny or of fspr ing . Pro
ah o rtu et p rogen i e d ivinis. Cic.— PROLES fromp ro , or
olesco , to g row ) is properly the shoots wh ich grow a t the
ther tr ces . Proles tardé crescentis olivae. Virg. Fi
ominum p roles . Cic . Felix Roma p role(f rom sub and olesco ) a young branch
shooting out a t the roots of a tree. Omnis d einde sob oles, quae ex uno
stirp e nata est, quotanms ex tirpanda est. Col. These two wordswere app lied to men by a metaphor so frequently , tha t they seem to be
Proles illa futurorum h 0minum. Cic. Favete n omin is obol i imperato rum, velut accisis recrescenti stirp ibus.
2016. Progressas. Proj ectas.
PROGRESSUS , ( from pro and grad ior ) a p roficiency , a pr ogress, aninspr ovement. Arcere ap rogressu, et a red ita refraenare. C ic. Pi
gura tively Progressus aetatis . Id . Facere p rogressas in stud iis. Id .
e—PROFECTU S , (f rom p roficere ) p rogress, success in any th ing . Fir
miores in litter is p rofectus alit a mnlatio . Quint. Profectus isf oundneither in Cicer o, nor in the writers of the Augustan age
2017. Pr oindé. Ideo.
PROI NDE, therefore, f or that cause, is placed in the second memberof a sentence. Audi o te d electari stud tis, p roind é mih i ch arus es .
ClC. Satis sci re o rig in i Romanee et Deos adfuisse, et non d efuturamvirtutem ; pro ind é me gravarentur ,
‘
&c. Lin— Ip so, on account of2 H 2
tha t, is pla'
ced either in thefi rst or second member of a sentence.
Clod ius Pulch e r retulit, ut Cains Verres auf'
erre p osset. Cic.
si causa justa est oppugnand i, i dea quoque est vos, &c. Id .
Proindé ac. Pr oindequasi .
PRO INDE Ac, j ust so, in the same manner as. Proind é
p'
aratus ero , ac res monebi t. C lC .— PRO INDE QUAS I , all one
Proind é quas i isti al iter sentiant. C10 .
201 9 . Promissio. Promissum.
PROMfssro , the act of promis ing, the promise tha l‘ is made. Scele
r umi
p romissio et iis qui exp ectant p ernici osa est, et iis qui promitth nt. Cic. C
’
um litteri s, cummand atis, cump romissi one p rovincim.
l d .— PROMI S SUM , the th ing p romised, is proper ly an adj ective .
sequi promissa . Cic. S tare p romissis. Id . Solve re militibus promissa. Liv.
2020. Pronus . Supinus . Cernuus .
PRONO S , bendingf orward. Aurigae p ron i p endent inverbera . V irg.
Pronaque cumspectent animalia caetera ter ram. Ovid . Figuratively : Pronus in Obsequium. H or . Pr on i ann i . l d .
— Summus , withthe face upwards, ly ing on the back. Gubat in faciemmox , d eindé
Sup inus, Juv., Sometimes he lies on h is belly, somet imes on h is back.
Mot‘
u‘
s cor p oris p romus, obliquus'
sup inus . Cic. Figuratively Su
p ina ignorantia. C ol. An imus sup inus, iners. Catul. Sup iniores
d elicize , Mart. , Pleasures more insipzd .— CERNUUS, hang ing down, the
h ead and face downwards , p rostrate. Ej ectoque incumb it cernuusarmo , Virg. , Having th rown of h is man, he crushes him to death withthe whole weight of h is body .
2021 . Propagare. Pr olatare. Porr igere.
PROPAGARE , (p ro or p orro pangere ) to propagate, tomahespread ,to enlarge. Urb is terminos p ropagare . Tao. Figuratively : Propa
gate r eligionem. Cic. Radices agere et p r opagare d iciturvi rtus . l d .
V itarn victu ferino propagare . l d .— PROLATARE, (f rom p ro and
ferre , latum) to dila te, to make la rger, to extend. Agros p rolatare.
Tac. Prolatare comitia. Cic. Id Opp rimi sustentand o et prolatandonullo
’
modo p osse . Id . Propagando would be improper.— Pona rGERE, (p orro regere ) to stretch out. Po rr igere in longitud inem. Liv.Manum in mensam porr igere. Cic. Figuratively Ne d igitumquidem por rigere in rem aliquam, Cic., To take no concern in a
bus iness.
2022. Propogo. Propagatio.
PROPAGO , (po r ro’
pangere) a shootof a'vine- stoch cut down and set
'
d eep into the ea rth . Vites melius resp ondent propagine . Virg .
gura tively a race, a l ineage. N imiumvob is Romana p ropagop
o
otens, S up eri . Virg .— PROPAGAT IO , a p lant ing of young vines.
t ium propagatio . Cic . fi guratively N omin is propagatio . Cic. In
vitan ih i l est n isi prOpagatio miserrimi tempo ris, Id . , up : is alonga l ion Of
'
miser'
zes. Propagatio is used in the same meaning as [was
pagare . Fi nium imp eri i p ropagatio. Cic.
ransom"?balmsd nfimmmmmannamfi
Paortcsm
2028. Prorsus . Omninb. Penitits .
PRORSUS and Prorsum, quasi p orrc‘
ivorsum) a ltogether , throu hout, g enerally. Non solum n obis, sed prorsus ommbus. Cic. ta
p rorsum oblitus summei. Ten— 0 1411 1 116, (f romomnis ) wholly , en
tirely, utterly . Omnino, aut magmaex parte liberatus. Cic. Omn ino qui Reipub licae p raefutur i sunt, d uo Platonis praecep ta teneant.Cic.
— PEN ITUS , ( from p enetrare , or p ene intus ) in the inmos t and
most secr et p art. Intrare penitus in familiar itatem alicuj us. Cic. Pe
n it1‘1 s to to d ivisos o rbe Britannos . V i rg. Penitus perspectaa res. Cic.
2029 . Proseyui. Persequi .
PROSEQU I , to f ollow afl er , to accompany or attend upon. Decedentem d omum cum favo re ac laud ibus p rosecuti sunt . Liv. I t is
g enerally taken in a good sense. Figura tively Ofiicns omn ibus ali
quem p rosequi . Cic. However, the same author says, Prosequ i aliquemverb is veh ementioribus .
— PERSEQ0 1 , to pursue, to go th roughwith . Quoquo h inc aspo r tabitur terrarum, cer tum est persequi.
Ter .’ Qui me in castra ‘
persequi non possent, Cic., W710 could not
follow me into the camp. Figuratively Incmp ta persequi.is generally taken in a bad sense. Judici o aliquem persequi. Cic.
2030.
*
Prostratus. Afi'
usus . Provolutus.PROSTRATUS , (f rom p rosternere ) p resents the idea (f a man ly ing
fl at on the ground 5 AFFUSUS , of a man stick ing close to the feet andknees of h imwhomhe entreats ; PROV OLUTUS , who advances stooping ,
rolling h imself as it were on the ground, with his head down upon h isknees . Jacet ille p rostratus. Cic. O p otn i amplectique edes ,afi
'
usaque poscerevitam. Ovid. Ad p edes ej us p rovolutus. (lie.
2031 . Protur bare. Protrudere.
PROTURBARE and PROTRUDERE , to push or th rustf orward withth is d ifi
'
erence, that the former conveys an idea of trouble and disarder , and the la tter the id ea of f orce, s trength . Miss ilibus sax is p roturbare b ostem. Liv. Proturbare aliquem calcibus . Col., To k ickone away . Qui p rotrudit cylind rum dedi t ci p rincip ium motionis,volubilitatemnon dedit. Cic.
2032. Proverbium. Ax ioma .
PROVERBIUM , a p roverb, an old and popula r say ing , generally ex
p ressed inf ew words. Tritum sermone proverb ium. Cic. Venit inconsuetudinem p roverbii. Id .
— Ax10MA, (f rom 59105, (p
awns) an
ax iom, a generalmax im and rule established in a sci ence. erum axi
oma. Cic. Falsum ax i oma. Id .
2033. Provoca re. Appellare.PROVOCARE, synonymous with app ellare , to challenge, to propose
p roving ma tters before j udges .— APPELLARE, to ca ll f or help , to ap
p ea l to superior j udges . Provocare seems to depend more on thej usticeand strength of reason ing ; appellare denotesmor e wanttection. (311malter ad Senatum p rovocasset, alte rve toCic. Tribunos plebis app ello , et p rovoco ad Populum. Liv. Cujusp rocurato r aPraetore ad Tribunos appellate ausas si t. Cic.
Pawnsno
li citum !“
w as
47 1
2034. Prudens. Sap iens . Cor datus.
PRUDENS , (quasi p rovidens) p rudent, sagacious, knowing. Gnarus
et p rudens impend entiummalorum. Cic. Prudens admin istrandi . Id .
Prudentia est re rum bonarum et malarum sap i ent ia, et utrarumquesci entist
,l d .— SAPI ENS , wise, j udicious. Sap ientissimum esse d icunt
eum, cui, quod opus sit, ips i veniat in mentem. Cic. M iseramo rssap i ent i non p otest accid ere. Id . A prudent man f oresees th ings, heis more ci rcumspect a wise man weighs matters, and is more enlightened.
— Co aDA r Us , (f rom cor ) discreet, considerate. Egregiecorda»
tus h omo lElius S ex tus. Cic.
2035. Prudensf eci . Prudenter f eci . Sciensfeci . Scienter f eci.
PRUDENS FEC I , I did it knowing ly , with reflection . Prudens et‘
sciens ad inter itum rach am, Cic. , I knewvery well tha t I was runn ing to destruction.
— PRUDENTER FEC I, I have acted prudently . FacitLucius n oster p rudenter , qui audi re d e summo b on o potissimumvel it. Cic. lVe may say of a man guilty of a blamea ble action, p rudensfecit ; but not p rud enter fecit . I t is the same with SC I ENS FEC I andSC I ENTER FEC I
,with th is difference, tha t sciens feci imp lies that we
have known of ourselves wha t was proper o r imp roper to be done ; and
sci ente r feci maysigny’y that we have been told of it byanother . Sci ens
et p rudens feci. Cic. Utrum inscientem vul tis contra fmd era fec isse ,
’
an scientem Id . Sci ente r feci , I have acted as a learnedman.
Sci enter ac p erite dicere . Cic. His quibus cumcongregamur, uti .moderateet sci ente r. Id .
2036 . Pruna . Garbo.
PRUNA , (f romperurere ) a burn ing coa l, but not blaz ing . Subj i:a un t verubus p runas, et viscera torrent . V i rg.
— Ca ruso , a coal,either burn ing or notb urning. Tam excoctam red dam, atque atram,
quam carb o est . Ter . Picta carb one praalia . H or . Lentis urere car
bonibus . Ovid . Cultros metuens tonsorios candente carbone sibiadurebat capillum. Cic.
2037. Pubescere. Adolescere.
PUBESCERE, (f rom pubes ) pr operly to beg in to have a bea rd, to en?ter the age (Jpuberty. H ercul es cum primum pubesceret. Cic. Nuncaequal i tecum pubesceret aevo. Vir Figuratively Vites pamp inispubescunt . Cic. Prata pubescunt ore.Ovid .
— ADOLESC ERE, (f romad and olesco ) to g ram, . ta become stronger . In eo qui natus sit, in eo
qui ad olever it. Cic. Soges quae nixa fib ris stirpium sensimadolescit.d. Figuratively Ad olescit cup id itas . Cic. Adolescit ratio . Id .
2038 . Publicare. Vulgare. D ivulgare. Pervulgare.
PUBL ICARE, (f rom publicus ) to publ ish or make publ ic. Librumpublicare . Ph aed . Publ icare fortunam suam, Liv., To divid e one
’
sf ortune , to share it. Publicare crimen, Id .
,To cha rge the whole of a cit
with a crime, to make her answerable f or i t.— VULGARE , ( fromvafgus) to make common, to disperse. Vulgatur rumor. Liv. Rem non
vulgabat Virginius . Id . Vulgare morb os. Id . Vulgari cum p rivatis, Id. , To live on a level withpriva te people. Nee en im ea sunt commissa, quaevulgata in omnem exercitumsinep iaculis ingentibus ex
472
hou/d be sla in to exp iate such afla
guilty of i l .— DI VULGARE , (diverabout. Non
consfl
spread abroad. Res n‘
ota atque apud om
gar i artem suam nq nt. Id .
2039 .
'
Pttblicare. Pr oscr iber e.
P'
ilB‘
LICARE , synonymous with pi dscrib ere, signifies to cduse a thing'
to be publicly criedf or sale . Publicare'
bona , agros civium. Cic. Lex
est apud Rbdd ios, ut si qua’
r ostrata navis in p ortu d epreh ensa sit,~
pub1icetur . Id .— PROSCRIBERE, to post up in w r itin the th ing to be
-sold . Proscr ibere‘
venale. Cic. Proscr ibere cives, d To proscr ibe' ar outlaw the cit iz ens. The names of those whose lives migh t be taken-away were p osted up a t the corners of the streets .
3 2040. Publicus . C'
ommunis .
LPUBL ICUS , public, is said (Jam; th ing relating to the r ights, cus
toms , and government of a p eople. Publica via, Cic. , A publ ic road.’
P/
ubl ica p r ivatis secernere . H or . In p ublica commoda peccém. Id .
f ublica p ecunia. Cic. Causam publicam'd icere . Id .
- C0 MMUN 1 5,
( fromcum and munus) common, is sa id of things’the use qf which be
.l ongs equally to all
.Et rabi et ad se quod er it commune omn ium.
Ph a d . Mare est commune omn ibus . Cic. Atticus sic se gerebat,ut commun is infimis, par p rincip ibus videretur . C. Nep . Jud iciumcommun e d ivid und o, Cic.
,Aj udgementf or d ividing a p roperty held in
common, tha t is not an inheritance ; if i t were an inher i tance, acti o er°
Ciscundae famil iae, Cic. should be used.
2041 . Puer ilis. Puellar is.
PUERILI S , of or belong ing to a ch ild , ch ildish . fEtas puer ilis. Cic.
Delectatio puer il is . I (1 . Acta illa res est an imo vi rili , consili o puer ili . l d .
— PUELLARI S , proper to g irls, g irlish . Alta puellares tardat
arena p edes . Ovid . Prmd a puellar es amimos oblectat ioanis. Id . Sua .
vitas puellar is cumvi rginali verecundia. Plin.
2042. Ptter itia . Puer ilitas. Infantia .
PUER IT IA , a ch ild 's'
age, the'
age f rom. inf ancy to seventeen , when
young men left of the p raetex tata to
lga. A p ueritialegimus et disci
mus . Cic.— PUER ILI TA S , silliness, c ild ishness . Ad huc non puer itia
‘
in n ob is, sed , quod gravius est , puerilitas remanet. SeD .—INFA NT IA ,
infancy , ch ild hood . Ab’
infantié primé . Tao. fi gura tively Mad id iinfant ia nas i , Juven ., sp eak ing of an old man, whose nose did run liketha t of a baby .
‘
2043. Pugnator . Pugnax .
PUGNATOR , (f rom pugna ) a j ighter , one in the act of figh ting .
Occupatad exteratenendo ca ut iort issimus quisque pugnator essed esierat. Liv.
-PUGNAX, wa r ike, f ond offigh ting , tha t is in the habitof it . Centuri o pugnax et lacertosus. Cic. fi gura tive/y obstinate,vehement. Pugnax invitiis . Cic. Vehemens et pugnax exordium d icondi . Id . 1
2048. Pulver eus. Pulverulentus.
PULV EREUS , (f rom pulvis) of dust. Pulverea nubes . Virg. Pul
vereum solum. Ovid. Pulverea farina, l d ., Finefl our .— PULVERU
LEN TUS ,f ull of dust. ZEstas pulverulenta . Virg. Agmina pulve rnlenta. Id . Solum pulvereum is earth reduced into dust ; and pulverulentum solum is ground covered with dust.
2049 . Punctim. Ccesim.
PUNCT lM, (f rom pungere ) po intingly , with a prick— Ca mus,(f rom caed ere ) with the edge. H ispano punctimmag is, quamassueto b ostem p etere . Liv.
2050 . Purga tio. Purgamentuni.
PURGATI O , (purum agere ) a pu rge, a purgation. lEsculapius p r imus alvi purgat ionem invenit. Cic. Figuratively a j ustification. Pur
gatio est, cum factum conced itur , culpa removetur . Cic.— PURGA
M ENTUM and Purgamen ,fi lth coming out (yany th ing tha t is cleansed,the scour ing . Cloacammax imam, recep taculum omn ium purgament orum urbis, sub ter ram agendam curavit. Liv. Figura tively : thedregs or refuse. Exules fimbus eJ1ciu11 t, omn ia potius toleratur i,quam purgamenta urb is quondam suae admitterent . Q. Curt. Pur
gamenta servorum, Id ., The worst of servants.
2051 . Purpura . l ifurer . Ostrum.
PURPURA , the purple or shell-fi sh from which the purple colourcomes . Purpura nobilem illum succum ad tingend as vestes inmed iisfaucibus h abet, reliquo corp o re fere sterilis. Plin. It is genera llysa id of the purple colour itt el/; and of purple garme nts. Tyria urpura.
Cic. Purpurafulgere . l d .—MUREX , a smali shell-fi sh , of t l
'
nor
of which a purp le colour is made. Afro murice tinctae lanz . o r.Tyr ioque ardebat murice lana. Virg . Vi rgi l uses it to exp ress theverypo int and edge Qf a rock. Concussae cautes, et acuto murice remi ohn ix i crepuére .
— OSTRUM , ( from 0.
5'
p80Y, an ster ) the purple colour.This colour is ca lled ostrum, f romostreum izhich signifies an oyster,because it is mad e of a l iquorj onud in a certa in k ind of oysters. Vestes
p erfusas ostro . Virg. I t is sa id of the p urp le itsel and of cloth dyedof that colour. V elare h umeros ostro . Virg. Instrati ostro aliped es.
Ovid . Strato sup er d iscumbitur ostro . Virg.
2052. Patris. Patr idus.
I’U'
rms , rotten, dissolved, r educed to dust. Z ephyro putr is se glebar esolvit. Virg . Fungi putres. Id . Putres oculi, H or ., Lasciviouslooks, or perhaps the looks of a man much in l iquor. —PUTRIDUS , r otten, corrupt. Dentes putridi. Cic.
2053. Pyra . Bogus. Bustum.
PYRA, (f romn imfi re ) a heap of wood madef b r the burning of a
dead body . Innumeras strux é re pyras.Virg.— ROGUS , from re
fute ,
because a t tha t t ime prayers were of ered , ) thef unereal p ile when urn
ing . Cum ascenderet in r ogum ard entem. Cic.— BUSTUM, (quasi
bené ustum) the p lace where dead bodies wer e burnt. Mactatus essem
475
in Catilinae busto . Virg il po ints out very well the difl'
erence betweenthe above th ree words Construx ére pyras , subj ectisque ignibus atris,ter circum accensos d ecurrere r ogos : and in anoth er p lace, semiustaque se rvant bus ta . Virg .
2054. Quadriga . Quadryugus.
QUADR IGA , ( from quatuo r and agere ) a chariot drawn by fourhorses . Quad r ig is veh i . Cic. I t is also said if a set of h or ses . Curru
quad r igarum veh i . Cic. Quadrigae albae. Plaut.— QUADR IJUGUS ,
f rom quatuo r and jugum) drawn with [our horses abreast. Quadrijugo veh itur curr u. V i rg .
2055. Quadrupes. Quadrupedous .
QUADRUPES , from quatuor and pes ) having f our feet, going on
a ll four. N ih il inter te atque inte r quad ruped em interest. Cic.— F
'
gur a tively: Quad ruped em constr ingere, Ter ., To tie one neck and
heels, to faggot one.—QUA DRUPEDAN S , that goes on four f eet, pran
cing , gallopin a. Quad rupedante putrem somita quatit ungula cam
pum. Vi rg.
2056. Quadruplator. Sector.QUADRUPLATOR , (from quatuor ) a public inf ormer ; he who ao
cused a man of a crime, especia lly of unreasonable usury, had thef ourthpa rt of the criminal
’
sfi ne or estate g iven him tyier conviction. H omoomn ium ex i llo conventu quad ruplatorum d eterr imus. Cic. Senecahas said quad ruplatores beneficiorum, speak ing of men whofor a sma ll
gift seek a much greater . -SECTOR, f rom secare ) a cutpurse. Secto rz onarius. Plaut. Also a sequestrator, one who buys confi scated orforfeited goods or esta tes, and sells them aga inf or ga in. Secto r, h oc est,
qui b onorum Sexti Roscii emptor atque p ossesso r est. Cic. C iceroca lls Anthony secto r Pomp eu, because he had bough t Pompey
’
s estatesold by auction. Nescimus p er ista temp ora eosd em fere sectores fuisse collorum et b onorum. Cic. Sector, according to Va lla , is an in
f ormer who expects by so doing to get one hamor part of theproperty ofthe man informed aga inst.
2057. Quamquc‘
tm. Etsi. Quamvis. Tametsi. Licet.
QUAMQUAM and ET S I havemore elevation‘, and ar ep laced a t the be
g inn ing g”
a sentence, with the indicativemood af ter them. Ets i vereor ,judices, ne turp e sit, &c. Cic. Quamquam te, Marce fili, abundareoportet, &c. Id . Quamquam is sometimes used as a word of correct ion,in wh ich case it is p laced in themiddle of the sentence. Quamobremh oc vos docea . quamquam te quidem quid h oc d oceam? Cic.
Omn ia jucunda, quamquam sensu co rp oris jud icantur , ad animumr eferuntur tamea . C ic.
— QUAMV I S is p laced a t the beg inning or in themiddle Qf a sentence, with the subj unctive or indicative af ter it. Quamvis‘menti delubra consecramus, &c . Cic. Hue acced it quad , quamvis ille felix est, &c. Id .
— TAMET S I and LICE'
r ar everyseld omplaceda t the beg inn ing of a sentence. Tametsi will have the i ndicative moodafter it. Non tantummih i derogo , tametsi nih il arr ogo , ut, &c. Cic.
Licet r equires the subj unctive mood, and is p rop erly a verb. Licebit
476
r epotia celebret. H or . (ut is understood) . Fixer it aar ipedem cervaml icet . Virg.
2058 . Quandb. Cum.
QUANDO , when, seems to denote more pr operly the circumstance ofthe time. Utinam tumnatus essem, quand d Romani , &c. non essem
p assus, &c. Cic.— CUM ,
wh en,seems to denote more p rop erly the cir
cumstance 0] the occas ion or opportun ity . Cfim hue resp ici o advirg1nem. Ter. I t may be p roper ly sa id : Lab or i incumbendum, quandovires sinunt ; d ociles simus, cum Opp ortunecor r ipimur . G. D .
2059 . Quando Quand iu
QUANDO ? (with an interrogation) when a t what time ? Quand dme ista curasse aut c og itasse arb itramini Cic.
— QUANDw P (withan interroga tion ) how long .
9 Tanta si nactus esses in reo , quand iu
d iceres? Cic.
2060 . Quaquaver sitm. Quoquoversitm.
QUAQUAVERSUM and QUOQUOVERSUM, on every s ide every way.
The f ormer f or th e question qua. Legatos quaquaversum d imittit.Cass: 7 he la tter for the question quo. Ej us imp eri o Classem quoquovérsum d imittunt. Cass .
2061 . Quasi . Tanquam.
These two words are adverbs of compa r ison. Quas i s ignifies almost,so as , to the same purpose, as if. Fuit ol im quas i ego sum, senex , et
ei filise dues erant, quas i nuncmeos sunt : eee e rani d uobus nup tse fratribus , quasi nunc sunt meaevob is . Plaut . Sed p rius potesris totiuseor um rationis quas i fundamenta cognoscere . Cic. Quasi tal enta ad
quindecim coegi, Ter . , 1 have collected a lmostfif teen talents . Quas iego
‘
excitare filium ej us ab inferis p ossem. Cic.— TANQUAM , as, as
much as . G loriavirtutem tanquamumbra sequitur. ud cumsic fuit tanquam domi 111 633. Id . N osco eum tanquam te. Id
)
. Theyseem to have been used ind iscr imina te/y.
2062. Quatenits . Quantum.
QUATENUS, how long , howf ar . Videamus quatenus amor p rogre
d i d ebeat . C ic. l rent quatenus tuto p ossent , Liv., That they should
go asf a r as th ey could wi thout danger . I t also s ignifies seeing th at, s ince.Jubeas miseram esse libenter , quatenus i d facit. H or . QUANTUM ,
as far or a s much as. Quantum in me est . Cic . Quantum conj eeturaauguramur. 1d . Quantum ex tuto p oterat, rem Romanam fovebat. Liv.
2063. Quemadmod itm. S ieut.
QUEMADMODUM, after wha t sort or manner, denotes properly (1 com
par ison about the manner a th ing is ex isting . Should I say, The En
g lish reason as other na tions do, quemadmodfim is the proper word ;sicut would convey a d ifler ent idea . Pergratummih i feceris , si quemadmodum s ol es de cacter is rebus, sic d e amicitifi d isputar is qui dsentias. Cic.
— S i our , as, li ke a s, such as, denotes better a compa ri sonabout the qua li ty of the th ing . When l say, As bold as a lion, Aswh iteas snow, 8 1cut must be used ; quemadmodumwould be improper. Bj uscausam defend i in Senatu, sicut mea fides postulabat. Cic. Sicut al
478
C ertis quibusdamverb is. l d .— ALIQU I S , some one indeterminate . At
que is tamemal iquis Ligarius non fuit . Cic. Tres aliqui, aut qua
tuor. Id . Eximant unum aliquem diem. Id .—QU I SQUAM is used , I .
In ask ing questions . Et quisquam numen Juuonis ad oret p re tereaPVirg. 2. W h en there is a nega tion. Nec quisquam est , qui, &c. Cic.
3. I nstead of aliquis. Qud d si non modd tu, sed quisquam alius fecisset. C ic.
— QUI SPIAM is the same as quisquam i n the la tter sensethe Osci used p instead of q . Ut si constitueris te cuipiam advocatum in rem p r zesentem esse venturum. Cic. Si ured o, aut grando
quidp iam nocuit . Id .
2068 . Qu idem. Equid em.
QU IDEM is used wi th a ll p ersons . Id quidem ago . Virg . Collegamqu idem d e cati o d etrax isti. Cic. Ille quidem p olite, ut solebat, d ixit. l d .
— EQU IDEN (quasi ego qu idem is ver y seldom used but withthefi rst person. Eqmd em non vide o . ic. Adh uc equ id emvald é mep aznitet. Id . S ic equid em seep ius ita loquamur inter nos . Id . I t is
h owever found with thefi rst and second p erson. Non equid em h oc d ab ites . Pers. Per me equid em s int omnia p ro tinus alba. I (1 . These examp les are scarce, and , when they
\
take place, it may be sa id that equ id em has a reference to the p erson who sp eaks . Quidem is not used a t
random. Qu idem,says Va lla, capitur , 1 . Pro couj unctione distin
guente res varias : Ego quidem rh etor icémagis d elector , tuverc‘
) lo
g ici , h ic autem grammat ica. 2. Pro exceptione illius quod afli rmas ;ut, si negligenter egeris, me quidem summo d olore afli cias sed te
ip sum perp etud perd id er is . 3 . Pro conjunct i ons enclitica, i d est,causis o rnatus , aut p ro cer té : ut, Petre , quid istic tib i n ego ti i est Pn ih il quidemmih i h ic
'
n ego ti i. 4. Jungitur me, sed interj ects semp e runé d ictione , et h oc, cum al iquid veh ementer negare cup ientes, i dquod minus quoque est , negamus : ut, Tune h uj us es fiagitii auctor ?Ne conscius quidem fui . Non solum h omines non t imes, sed meDeum quid emvet eris .
2069 . Quies. Bean ies .
QU I ES , rest, vacation, 0 ceas ing f rom labour and trouble. Traderese qu i et i . Cic. Nec eum lab or ad qui etem revocavit. Id . Quies is an
absolute rest or qu iet.— REQU IES , rep ose, in reference to the labour thathas p receded . Qui nunc requ iemquaerit magnis occupationibus. Cic.
Tempus inane p eto , requiem spatiumque furori . V i rg.
2070. Quiescere. Requiescere .QU I ESCERE , to rest, to sleep. Circa casam earn, in quaquiescebat.
C ic. Figuratively : Deh inc ut quiescant por rc‘
) mone o . Cic.— REQU I
ESC ERE, like requies , supposes past labour . Quee mih i non ut
requiescam permittit, sed rep reh end it et iam, quia non semp e r quieverim. Cic. Figura tively So llicitud ines et engores amico rum con
s ili o et se rmone requiescunt . Cic. In alicuj us spe requiescere . Id .
207 1 Qu ietus. Tr anquil/us .
QU I ETU S , (f romquies ) tha t is at rest, peaceable. JEquor quietius.'
H or . H onores quos, quiets Republica, d esperant, turbata consequise p osse arbitrantur . Cic. G entes agitat e quietas . Virg .
— TRANe LLus , calm, smooth , undis turbed, is properly sa id of the sea . Ut
maris tranquillitas intelligitur nullane min imaquidem aurafluctus
479
commovente , sic an imi quietus status cern itur , cum per tu1batio nullaest, quamover i queat. Cic. Centera vid entur esse tr
o
anquilla, tran
quiilissimus autem an imusmeus. Id . Utmih i liceret ej us urb is, quamconse rvassem conspectu tranquillo animo et qu ieto frui . Id .
'
I ranuilla, qui eta, b eatavita . Id . Qui etus i s sa id Qf p ersons and th ings.il ominum quietissimus . Cic. Tranquillas is only sa id of th ings , and
of themind.
2072. Quilibet. Q Quicumque. Quisquis .
Th ere is a n ice d ifi'
erence to be made between QUI LI BET , q vrs ,and QUICUMQUE. 1 . Quicumque rela tes more esp ecia lly to the na tureand qualzties qf the p erson or th ing quivis and quilibet, to the distinction (f number or rank .
.
Quiviso
ex numer o , quilibet e Senator ibus,quamcumque remgesser i s . Non quivis unus e p opulo . Cic. Quicumque is est, ei me p rofiteor 1n imicum. ]d . Qui1ibet aliquis . Id .
2. I t may not be ind iflier ent to use quicumque , quivis, or quilibet, incerta in sen tences . Let us supp ose the f ollowing one . Mut ins Po rsenwr espond it se quodcunque , quod 1ibet, quodvis supplicium p otius subiturum, quam, 860 . Here quodvis seems to me imp roper and not ex
act, because by its orig in it d oes not ag ree with the th ird person. Quodlibet i s pretty good, but it exp resses only a choice between known pun ishments generally i n use. Quod cumque is equa lly proper, and mor e ener
getic, including any punishmen t imaginable .—QUI SQU I S
,whosoever,
wha tsoever, d ifi‘
ersf rom quicumque in th is, tha t it a lway s requires averb after it. Qu isquis est ille , s1 modo est aliquis . Ci c. Whereas quicumque does not a lways requ ire a verl , and of ten 23 absolute. Ut fa
cias quocumque mod o rem. H or .
2073. Quin. Quominics.
QUI N (qui ne, modo understood ) . Quin tu urges occasionem istam?Ter . I t is sometimesf ound in full. Effice qui ux o r detur t ib i ,ego efiiciammih i qui ne detur . Ter . Sometimes it stanrlsf or ut non .
Ut nullo mod o introire p ossem, qu invid erent me. Id . Sometimes itis used to increase the mean ing . Quin e tiam n ecesse cri t, Cic And
i t wi ll be still necessa ry . Cic.— Quo s1 1 .\1us is properly compounded of
two w ords , quo j b r ut, and minus for non . Illud non perficies quo
minus tua causa veliin . Cic. Nemin i civi ulia, quominus ad esset,satis justa excusatio visa est . Id .
2074. Quinquennis . Quinquenna lis.
QUI NQUENN I S , (qu inque ann i ) qf five years, f iveyears old . Quin
quennis Olymp ias . Ovid . Quinquenne Vinum. H o r .- QU 1 NQUEN
NALI S , tha t comes to pass everyfi/th y ea r . Quinquennalis celebritas
lud orum, Cic Lasting fiveyyears . Quinquennal is censura . Liv.
Quinquennales Magistratus, Id ., Mag istrates elected everyffth year,
or rema ining in ofi ice duringfive years .
2075. Quippe. Ut pore: Quom’
am.
QU IPPE, truly , surely . Sol Democritomagnusvidetur, qu ippeh o
min i e rudito . Cic . Quipp e f ollowed byqui, quae, quod , signfi es, sinceQuipp e qui j ussit, Cic. , S ince he ordered it -UT POTE, in asmuch as,consider ing or seeing tha t. Me puerulo , ut p ote n ovem annos nato .C . Nep . Ut p oté is Wen followed byqui, qum, quod, or cum. Ea
480
noafi ut p o té qui n ih il contemnere solemus, non pertimescebamus .
Cic. Incommodo valetud o , quaj am emerseram, ut p oté cum s inefeh ri lab orassem, &c. Id . Ut p o té and qu ippe ar e put in the se
con‘d member if a sentence but quoniammay be p laced in the fi rstor second member . - QUONIAM , because, s ince . Quoniam i d
, fier i,quod vis, non p otest, velis i d quod possis . Ter . Tamem ci mo riend um fui t, quon iam h omo nata e rat . Cic . Quippe, ut p oté , quon iam, says Va lla , sic d itferunt : ~ Quippep otest h abere suump rop riumverbum : h onestior est mors quamvita s ine amico ; quippequi ami
:
cit ies expers vivit, feta p rop ior est quam h omini . Sme p rop ri overbo : Sci o te omnia amiciss imecuraturum, quippe, cui amicorum ne
go tia non alite r curse esse solent, quam p r0pr ia. Ut p oté non h ab etverbum, n is i intercedente qui , vel cum aut certe j ungitur adj ect ivis , sine verb o . Pueri n is ivi rgaarceantur , ad omnes inepties p rolabuntur , ut p oté quos na tura ad vitia, quamvirtutes p romor imp ell it . Semp er te mih i colendum statui, ut p o té vi rum tum litteratum,
tump robum. Quoniamp otest causamp reep onere tot i orationi. Qumn iam unaesse, quo t i es l 1bet, non licet, cura frequentius ad me scri
2076 . Quocirca. Idcir cb.
QUOC IRCA , wherefore, therefore . Quocircabeneapudmaj o res nostros S enatus decrevi t, &c. Cic.— IDC IRCO , firr tha t reason, thereuponi t is genera lly followed by ut. Reper ietis id circobase in mmh omine
p ecun i oso tot constituta, ut caste t is fo rmid ines, &c. Cic. Id circoar
ma sump ta sunt . Id .
2077. Qubd . Quia .
QUGD and QUIA , because, a re the same, with th is di erence only,tha t qud d is used with either the indicat ive or subj unctive mood, and
uia wi ll a lways have the indicative mood only . Urbs qua , qubd in ea
ortunee fanum fuit, Tych e n ominata est. Cic. Facilea paret, qu6dme colat . Id . Urbs quae, quia p ostrema aed ificata est,geapolis nominatur . Id .
2078 . Quot. Quotquot.QUOT requires a determined number, so man as. Quot h omines,
tot sententiae . Ter.—QUOTQUOT , as many as t e are, is said of an
undetermined number .— Quotquot eunt dies. Hor . Adeste omnes undique, quo tquot estis omnes. Gatul.
2079 . Quotidie. In dies singulos. S ingulis d iebus.QUO 'i‘ ID IE , every day, is sa id of a continuation of time.— IN D 1 8 8
S ING ULOS , d aily, fr om d ay to day. Quotidie,vel potius in d ies singulos breviores litteras ad te mitto . Cic.
— S 1NGUL1 S missus, everyor each d ay, is sa id (f a timefinite and determina te ; whereas in sin
los dies denotes progression of time. Qui singulis d iebus ediscenggsfastos Populo prOposuit. Cic. I t may be sa id with p ropriety Ludos
publicos rex in singulos annos Lute tias instituit, qui singulisceleb rantur . G . D .
2080. Quotas . Quotus qu isque.QUOTUS , of wha t, in number, order, p lace or quantity , with or with
out an interroga tion. Quo ta h ora est ? Hor. Tu quotus esse velisrescr ibe . Id . Dic quotus et quant i cup ias coenare. Mart.— QUOTUSQursqus , howfav Quotus quisque est qui teneat artem numero
its‘
leaves and fr'
uit. Germinet et nunquam fallent is termesH or . Spadwavocant avulsumapalmite termi tem cumfructu. Gell.
2087. Rap ina . Fre da . Raptum.
RAPI NA , (f rom rap i o ) rapine, p illage , a taking byf orce, dep redation. N ih il cogitans nis i ca des, incendio., rap inas . Cic. Cup id itas
cw rapinarum. Id . Sequuntur ra inaa largitionem. l d .— FRE DA , a
p rey, a booty ta ken 0171 the enemy. gic totam’przedam improbitas abs.
'
tuh t. Pha d . e omissapreedom sectari . ac. Spes p reed aa ac rap inarum.
‘
Cic.
‘
Pr aedavictoriagaudet ; rap ina, petulantia, accordingto the say ing ygramma r ians.
— RAPTU1s1 is p roperly an adj ect ive, theca rried away byf orce. Quos rapto vivere necess itas coé
’
gerat.
2088 . Rap tio . Raptus . Rapacitas.
RAPT IO, a violent takinglawayy any person, a ravish ing
Ctesiph ontemaudivi iumunafuisse in raptione cumTer .
'—~RAPTUS , a rape , a carrying away f orcibly . Ganymed is raptus.Cic. Raptusvi rgin is. Id . Raptio ad personamrefertur ; rap tus, adStuprum. G. D .
-RAPACITA S , rapaciousness , of a man
who carr ies of f orcibly other p eop le'
s pr operty . rapacitate
avarior ? Cic.
2089, Raptor. Hapax .
RAPT OR, a taker away byfi rrce, i s said of the act. Audax raptor .
iH or. Consil ium rapt o rvertit ad fallaciami Ph aed . Rap tor milvius .
‘Id .-u -RAPAx , r apacious, denotes the habit. Olim furunculus, nunc ra
pax . r apacis simus quisque. Suet . FigurativelyIgms rapax . Ovid. N ih il rapacius quamnatura . Cic.
Ra tionalis.
'Rati onabilis.
RAT IO NALI S , end owed with reason, reasonable, reasoning. Rati onalesanimnl. Quint . Rational is ph ilosoph ia, Ci c., Logic, the ar t of reason- ing .
— RAT1 0 NABILI S ; conformable or agreeable to reason. Sententiaw ra et rat io nabilis . Ulp ian. Quintil ian has employed it in the mean ingof rationalis.
2091 . Rationem habere aliouj us. Ra tionem habere cum aliquo.
RAn ouns: m anna ALICUJUS ,‘
to have regar df or a person or thing .
H abe famae tuae rati onem. Cic. H abere ' rationem non suam soldm,
sed aliorum. Id . Habe re rati onem d ierum, Id ., is , in another sense, to ,
reckon, to compute the days. Likewise, h uj us pecunia use permagnaeot ,
~non habui rat i onem, neque h abere potui . Cic. ABERE 41A1 1 0 s cuss ALIQUO, to do business with one. Cum'
omnibus Musis
rationem h abere cogito . Cic. Wemay also say : Rati onem h aberecum aliquare. Habent rati onem cum tet ra, Cic., Theyemp themselves ia cultiva ting -the earth . S i h abenda cumAntoni1 latroc
'
0 pa
cis ratio fuit. Id
2092. Rationem inir e g- subducere —patnre r - edere — confioere.
RAT IO NEMmm fs, to cost up an account.— RATI ONEM SUBDUCERE,
to set down at the end the sum total. Ineundis subd ucend isql
ue rat ionibus . Figur atively In itasubductaque rat i one nefaria sce erameditari . Cic. Inire rat ionem signifies also to devise means of : Ineas rafi
483
tionem quemadmodum ea muli e r K omam perd ucatur . Cic.—RA
TLONEM PUTARE, to settle onaccount, to deduct the cha rges put on it,when it was iven up. Ut rati ones cum publicanis putarent. Cic. F
guratively Prustra egornet mecum h as rati ones puto , Ter . , 1 haver eckoned without my host.—RAT IONEM EDERE, togive out an account.Sed ego mih i ab illo rati ones non expectabam, quas t ib i ed id it. RAT IONEM CON FICERE, to complete or close an account. Rati ones COD-
z
fectae, me absente , sunt tecum, ad quas nih il adh ibui , p raeter lectionem. Cic.
2093. Rationem r eddere. Rationem refer re.
RA T IO NEM BBBBBBB, to g ive an account, to accountfor one’
s con
duct, is sa id in a moral sense . Semp e r itavivamus, ut rati onem n ob isred dendam arbitremur . Cic. N ih il est quod minus ferend um sit,quamvitae rati onemab alter o reposcere eum, qui non possit suae red
d ere . l d .— RA '
rmNEM REFERRE is used in a natural sense, to g ive upone’s account. . Scriba qui rati ones ad aerarium retulit. Cic.
2094. Recep tas. Recep taculum.
RECEPTUS , (retrb capere ) a retreat, a retiring.
‘
Animadverti nullum alium recep tum Antonium h ab ere , n is i in h is par tibusf Cic .
Receptui signumaut revocationemabello audire non p ossumus . Id .
— RECEPTACULUM , a r eceptacle, a placef or receiving or keep ing . Quas iep taculum classibus
2095. Recid ivus. Redivivus.
RECIDIVUS , (rur sus oadere ) destined to be ruined a second time.E mestaeque iterum recidiva in Pergama taedae. Virg .
— Ramvrvus ,(quas i red ux ad vitam.) re newed aga in , old ‘made new, mad e use ofaga in. Nummus redivivus. Juven . Lap is redivivus, Cic., A stone
and cut a second time . Quas i quicquam‘
red ivivi ex i110 op eretolleretur , ac non t otum Opus ex redivivis constitueretur . Id .
‘
2096. Reciner e. Recantare.
REC INERE, ( rursus canere ) to sing aga in, to repeat. Cujus recinet jocosa nomen imago Ho r . H aec recinunt j uvenes d ictata se
nesque. l d .—RECAN TARE (f requentative of recinere) denotes more
action. Graecula quod recantat Ech o . Mart. I t also s ignifies to r ecent, to unsay a th ing , to disenchant. Nunc ego mitibus mutate queerotristia, d 1
‘
1mmih i fias recantatis amica Opp robrns. H or . Recan'
tataa
cura , Ovid Sorrow destroyed by mag ical charms.
2097. Recipere. Suscipere.
RECI PRBE (synonymous with suscipere ) s ignifies to undertake a
thing,whether desired or not so to do . Omn ia ci petentie t recep i , et
ultro pollicitus sum. Cic.— Suscmnnn, to take upon one
’
s-self a th ingwithout being desired so to dog Ego in h oc jud ici o mih i Siculorumcausam receptam, Popul i Roman i susceptam arb itror . Cic. In quo
est illa quidemma na ofl'
ensio, vel negl igentia, suscep tis rebus, velperfid ia, receptis. d.
2098 . Recoctus. Retorridus .
Racocr us, (rursfis coctus )‘ see{hed again, done again, nealed. Fer
2 2
484
r um recoctum. Flor. Recoctus is a word borrowedf romdyers, whoca ll a th ing recocta, when it has been dipped severa l times into the
er , and gotten a good colour. Hence we call h im recoctus whomlong habit has made clever and cunn ing . Scriba recoctus . H o r . Senexr ecoctus, Gatul., An exper ienced old man.
-RETORR IDUS , (rut-sus
t o rret e ) roasted aga in,common ly shrunk , parched with heat. Rami
r etorr id i. Sen . Prata retor rid a. Varr . Ven it et retorr id us qui scapeIaqueos et muscipula efl
'
ugerat, Ph aed ., speaking of an old r at that
has escaped many dangers by h is cunn ing.
2099 . Recté. Bené. Rite. Red d .
RECTE, (f rom regere , rectum) pr oper ly in a stra ight l ine. Hoc
er it quas i p rovincias atomis dare , qua: recte, quae obliqueferantur .
C ic. Figuratively : Recteatque o rdine facere . Cic. Lex rectelata.
I d . Tuae litteras recte sp erare j ubent. l d .— BENE, well . much .
Bene facis, qudd me adj uvas. Cic. Ad olescens non minus benénummatus, quam benecap illatus.
'
Id . Benemane, Id . , Very early .
Bene Ionga orati o , Id A very long speech — RITE is sa id of th ingsr elating to relig ion. Deos rite colere . Cic. Perp etrare rite sacrificium. Liv.— RECTA , (via understood ) stra igh tway , stra ight on
,
s tra igh t f orwa rd. E navi recta ad me ven it. Cic. Recta couse
quor. Ter .
2100. Rectio. Regimen.
RECT IO , f rom regere , rectum) prop erly the act of makingstra igh t it is only used in thefigura tive sense, a govern ing , a ruling .
Rerum publicarum rectio . Cic.— REGIMEN, government, author ity .
Regimen totius Magistratus p enes Appium erat. Liv. Vob is armae t an imus sit, mih i consil ium etvi rtutis vestrae reg imen relinquite.
Tac .
2101 . Rector. Moderator.
RECTOR , om rege re a governor , a ruler. Juvenum rectores.
Virg. Recto r navis. Id . ector Reipublice . Cic.— MODERATOR,
( frommodus ) a mod erator, h e that sets bounds to. Inesse aliquemnon solum h abitato rem in h imcce lesti ac divina domo , sed etiamr ectorem et mod eratorem. Cic. Tu eris omniummod erator cons iliorum mearum. Cic. Recto r et moderator tanti Op eris. Id . Vo
Iucrum moderator equorum. Ovid . Temperautia est mod eratr ixomn ium commotionum, Cic., Temperance rules all passions.
2102. Rectus. Directas.
RECTUS , stra ight, not crooked. Longa trab e rectior . Ovid. Rectavia. Cic. Figuratively . Conscientia recta. Cic. More recto servat mun iavitae . Id . Cicero ca lls Caesa r's commentar ies t ecti , a nao
count of thei r p la in and na tural style.— D IRECTUS , di rect, ia id out bya l ine. Directa aci es. Cic. Ductae et directaevice . Id . Figuratively :H aze directa percontatio ac d enunciatio b elli magis ex dign itatePopuli Roman i visa est. Cic. Directus h omo , Id . , A j ust man thatdoes not y ield to ci rcumstances, infl exible.
2103. Red der e. Restituer e.
REDDERE, ( t arsus dare ) to return wha t we have received, or whathas been intrusted to us. Mutuari ali quid ab aliquo, et en VICISSlm
48 6
sollicitis computat articulis . Ovid . NuIIius tutior est reditus, minor isve im end ii , aut tempesta tumseemior , Plin. , speak ing of thewillowtree . ROV ENTUS , (fi om pr o and ven i re ) production , is morevar iable in quantity or time. Onerare
'
sulcos p roven tu, Virg., To covertheground with
‘
a rich harvest. It is said of success : Mul tiim ad h anc
remadjuvat adolescentia,magnitudo animi , sup er i o ris temp oris pr oventus, fiducia re i benegerend ae. Cms . I t is a lso said of evils : CaIamitatumet miseriarum tot proventus. Plaut.
2108. Reduce. Rediens.
REDUX, (f rom red ir e ) br ou ht or returned back aga in. Qui me‘
reducem essevoluistis. CIC . It is pr operly sa id of a man who has escaped f romdanger. Namque tib i red uces soci os classemque relatam'
nunci o . Vi rg.— R iml e s s , retur n ing , comifi back . Redeuntis co rnua
lunae, Ovid., The newmoon. A nnus re H br .
2 109 . Refer realiquid a licui . Referr e ad chauem. Ref err e °curn cl ique.REFERRE AL IQUID ALICU I , I . To relate to one. Referam tibi
eventum meum. Cic. 2. To‘
bring back.’Retulit mih i tuas litteras.
CiQ — REFERRE AD ALIQUEM, to consult”
somebody about a thing . Po
pulus de suis rebus ad eum‘refert, Cic. , The peop le consult h im, and
trust himwith thei r afl'
airs.~—REFERRE CUM ALIQUO , to hold a con
ferencewith one. Intr od u‘
cth s Vectius p rimomegabat se unquamcumCurione rethlisse.
’
Cic.
21 10. Regalis. Regius.
REGAL IS , (quad reg'
e d ignurn est ) — RBG IUS, (quod regis est)Though these two wordsmay be indiscrimina tely used, Regius is
wha t relat es to the king'
s person, or to roya lty and
has a more ind irect rela tion to either . Reg ius pastor.Regia condi tio Id . N ih il ei tam regalevid eri quam studium
agricolen Id . Ammus regalis, courage, or sentiments becoming a
An imus regitxs, the courage o r sentiments of a king. Regiathe prerogatives attached to kingly power . Regal ia jura, the pre
roga tivesflowing from royal dign ity , or wh ich customg ives to crownedheads in such or such a scountry, though they be not essential to thathigh qfl
‘ice.
21 1 1 . Regaliter . RegQ. Regificé.
REGALITEB, k ing ly , roya lly, nobly . Precibusque
addit. Ovid . Sacrificio regah ter confecto . Liv. royally, as
an absolute mas ter . Nam ut h oc temp ore ea qua: reg ie. seu potiustyrannicé statuit in amtores Ap ron ius pra termittam. Cic. Si o inh unc animadvertissem, crud eliter et reg ie factum esse dicerent. Id .
-Rec rmce, with roya l -pomp and magm’
fi cence. Regificé ex’
tructiscelebrant convivia mensis. S il. I tal. Ins tr uctus regi ficé .
21 12. Regi o. Provincia . Plaga. Tractus.
Recro , (f r om rege re because before the divis ion of the earth intop rovinces, each country was governed by a kin
g) a reg i on , a vast extent
9f wuntry. Per Cappad oc ia regionem iter eci. Cic. Term maximos regi ones inhabitabiles atque incultasvidemus . Id . Figuratively:Regiombus ofiici i se continere. Cic.
— Pnovmcm, (Vincere pro ) a
487
province the countr ies distant f r om I taly, subdued by a rms or otherwise, were called provinces. S icilia -
p rima omn ium pr ovincia appelIata est . Cic. Figuratively.: an ofiice , an emp loy. Provinciam ce
p isti duram. Ter.— PLAGA , a climate, a space or tract, eith er in heavenor on ea rth . Totidemque .plagw télIure premuntur . Ovid. Quodest ante pedes nemo spectat ; cml i scrutantur p lagas. Cic. Plagalactea caeli The milky-way.
— TRACTUS , from trah ere) a drawingin length .
KFunem trah unt Modicus est tractus. Plin . Flam
marum long i tractus. V i rg. Placid o tractu reptavit draco . Claud.
Quanta hwsitatio tractusqueverborum P Cic. In thissa id of «gen us-of spaces . in . amcountry. Alti nub
°
mmTerrasque traetusque max
-is. V i rg.
21 13.
'
E reg ione. .RegiOnatim.
E neu rons , over-aga inst, opposite. Luna cum a regi one s olis est,defic it. Cic.
— REG IONAT IM,fi nmyuar ter do uar ter , wa rd byward.
Ludos regionatim tota urbe edid i t. .Suet. hi egionatimg eneribush 0minum causisque~
et quaestihus tribus d escripserunt. Liv.
21 14. Relaxatio . . Hamiss ia .
Rs m r xo , (f romlaxare ) a r eleasing h is pmper ly said xy’
whatgis
too tigh t. t idquid sego ad str inxi, nelaxat. I t.; is ,onlyusedfi guraq
tively looseni rig h the act of loosing . Animi r elaxatio . Cic.—REMI S-ns i o , ( f romwémittere) a slacken ing, is sa id of what ris. too .much b ent
it ‘is i used only int/refigurative wsense. Contentio .vocia et remissio .
Cic. Remissio -
pm . Id . Remissio orum,
rnent, r emissness. It is a lso used f or reer n. Ad omnemanum 116
missionemd udumque d escendera. Cic.
21 15. Réligio .
‘
Sup'
erstitio.
Ren a to , ( ex; relegand o, .says ut,.e1egantes ex.eligendo )
relig ion.— SUPERST I T IO, (from sup er esse or stare ) superstition.
C icero infarmsu s of thed ifl‘
erence‘
that aexists between these, two words .
Supersti tio , in q
and 'Vi rgil
G D .
21 1 6.
'
ReliQuice . Reliqua .
RELIQUUE, (fi om relinquere ) the r ernainder , - rest, or remnant.Jussit reliquias poni h or dei ,
‘
‘
Phaed u He order ed a remnant of barleyto begiven. Colere reliqims sno rum, V irg.,
-T6 ~honour o the-ashes ofdeceasedf r iends or r ela tions . Plautus and~Pheedrusshavemployed r ecIi uia in the neuter p lura l . Ut ‘ fruaris reliquiis, qua sunt -rosur i.
P d. Atr pe'
dites tib i '
reliquiawerant . Plau t .— REL IQUA , the s e
ma ins of a r eckoning; ar rears of debts. Maximé 'mexangit ratio r el iquorummccrum,
‘
quanquam explicita aunt,‘
Cic.,
”
I ’
amvery uneasy
about the rema ins of wha t is due to me, though the recovery of it cannotbe accompanied with anydifiiculty.
21 17. Reluctar i. Reniti .
RBLUCTARI , properly , to struggle or aga inst it is used morereluctanti it equus . Ovid . Multa reluctanti auresReluctar i p recibus . Q . CUI’t. —RBN IT .\ to oppose a
res is tance to ano ther. Alter motus alte ri renititur . Plin. b um ill i reni tentes pactos se d icerent . Liv.
21 1 8 . Remiga tio . Remigium.
REM I GAT IO , (f rom remus and agere ) the act of rowing with oars.M otus remigationis navem convertentis ad pupp im. Cic.
— REM IG IUM is said, 1 . of the oars. Lembum remigiis subigere. V irg . 2. Qfthe company of rowers . Remigium supplet ; s oci os s imul instruit armis . Virg . 3. of themotion and ag itati on of the oa rs. Qua: pugnaz,quna acies , quod remigium, qui motus h 0minum Cic. Figu ratively :Volat ille remig i o alarum. Virg .
21 1 9 . Remus. Tonsae. Bema lens. Contus .
REMUS , (f rom ramus ) an oar to row with . Incumbere remis.V irg. Figuratively : Pennarum remi , Ovide, The wings of birds . Reminatantis co rp o ris , Id . , The a rma — Toma)
, (f rom tondere ) the bladeof an oar , is prop erly an adj ective, and only used in poetry . In lentoluctantur marmore tonsaz. Virg.
— REMULCUS , frompuuvknh ) therope wh ich ba rgernen use to pull their bar e a long with , or aga inst thet ide, bymeans of another barge. I taque arcellas n octe navim one
rariam remulco quad riremis trah i ad Acradinam j ussit. Liv. It is
wha t seafa ring peop le ca ll towing of a sh ip. Submersarnque navim t e
mulco , multis contend ens funibus, redux it. Cues . It is found in theabla tive case only.
— CONTUS , (f rom nor-r ig) a long pole ending withan ir on hook, to govern a boat, &c. Ratem conto subigit. Virg.
2120. Renasci. Reviviscere. Resurgere. Resuscitare.RENASC I , ( rursfis nasci ) to be born or r ise again, is sa id of wha t
g rows aga in in the room of what was dead - a xvrscnan, rursfis
vive re ) to recover lifie, to revive, is sa id of the human kind . r inci
p iumextinctumnec ipsum ab ali o renascetur , nec a se al iud creabit.Cic. Ut revix isse, aut renatum sib i qu isque Scipionem imp eratoremd icat. Liv. Figura tively Renatum b ellum. Cic. Adventu n ostroreviviscunt j ustitia , abstinentia, clementia tui Ciceronis. l d .
— RE
SURGERE, ( rursus surgere ) to rise or get up aga in . Vieta tamea vinces , eversaque, Troja , resurges. Ovid . Figura tively Resurgunt res
Romanee contra sp ew . Liv.— RESUSC ITARE , (rur s us suscitare ) torouse, to set up aga in, is always taken in an active significa t ion; Positamque resuscitat iram. Ovid .
2121 . Repa rare. Redimere. Recupera re.REPARA RE , (rursus parare ) to recover , to regain , to reconquer .
Amissas res reparare . H ow. Reparare quod amiseris . Plaut. Perderevidebatur , quod al i o p rze tore eod em ex agr o reparare p osset . Cic.
Rnnm aa z , ( rursus ein ere) to redeem. Redimere captives. Cic. Vo
luntates militum redimere largi tione. l d .— RECUPERA RE (t a rsus
comparare ) is sa id of the recovering if the same numerical thing tha t
citia: Cic, Sinnd at’
xo serpebat in dies. Id . P1amma serp it. Liv.Renant,
‘
saygrammar ians; qunaparvos ped es habent, serpunt quap e di bus s
2126. Repr ehensio. Cr iminatio . Vituperatio. Vi tuperium.
REPREH BN S IO , (f rom retro and preh end ere ) properly , the act Qfdrawing backwa rds : it is only used -ia
2127. Reprobare .'
Repudia re. Respuere. Rej tcere.
REPROBARE , to r eprove, . to disallow, to condemn . Qui cum Z enonis fuisset aud ito r, rep robavit illa, quae ille , &c. Cic. Quod ipsa na
tura adsciscat voluptatem; et reprobet; d olorem: l d .— REPUD IARE,
to divor ce, to rej ect“
as a shameful th ing . Repudiare‘
uxorem. &ret.
Repudi o consi lium, quod~
pr imum intend eram. Ter . Non repudiab is in h onore , quem in '
periculo recep isti. Cic.— RESPUERE, ( quasi
cum sputo rej icere ) tor efect‘wi th contempt. Respuere aliqui d et pro
n ih ilo putare. Cic. Dicere al iquid1flluod omn ium‘mentes ‘
aspernent ur
et“
reSpuant. Id . Figuratively umus r espuit' invisum cadaver.
Ovid — Res tori ng , to rq’
ect; to r epel. Telum in“ h ostem rej icere.
Caas. Figuratively Rej icere judices, Cic. , To except aga inst, or challeng e, j udges . Rec ere causamad
‘
Senatum. Id . Res tota inmensem Januar ium rej ects. est , Id ., The
‘wholé bus iness has been p ut oftill ‘January.
2128 . Repuba. Repulsus.
REPULSA , f rom re and pellere ) a repulse, a denial. Repulsamferre . Cic. S ine repulsaMagistratum assequi. Idl
— REPULSUS , a
repuls ion, a reverbera tion. Repulsas scop ulorum. Cic. Umbonnmrepulsus. C laud.
2129 . Resid eo . Res ido.
Rnsxns o , ( rursus ‘sed ere ) to sit down aga in. Residére, deinde
spatiari e Gic. fi gur at ively 'In corpo re mortui nullus residet sensus.Cic. Residet reliquiis Spes. Id . I t also signifies to rema in
-
ar abide.
In Opp id o aliquo multum resedissc. Cic.— Ramb o , to decrease, to as
suage. S i montes resid issent, amnes exaruissent. Cic. FigurativelyCor da ex irfi '
residunt. V i rg.
2130 . Res iduus. Reliquus . Casteras.
RESXDUUS , ( from retrd sedere ) tha t which is ldL-the r esidue or
r ema inder. Omn ibus res ida is pecuniis exactis, tributo p riva tim re
miseo . Inv. Residuus suse pmnae senex, Quint., An old man le/twithpainful infirmities. Rosid ua et vetus simultas.Lin—Ran d om, that
49 1
which remains, thatwh ich is behind : to be done, to be seen, to come, &c.
Reliquum est ut officio cer temus i nter '
nos. Cic. In reliquum rem.
us. Id . Brant mih i Opp ida comp lura et iam reli na, qua adirevelem. Id . Qualis in reliquaGra cia nemo . 1d . esiduas pecuniasex iger e s ignifies to require rigorously old debts; and
‘
reliquas pecuniasexigere is to demand author itatively the money tha t rema ins — CASTRnus and Ca ter, the other, '
the res t. Ca teravita. Sall. Ca teri nob ilium. Tac. Ga tera navium. Id . Figuratively in other respects.V i rum ca tera f or in ca teris ) egreglum secuta
'
ambitio est. Liv.Ca teta la tus. or .
2131 . Resp icere. Suspicer e.
Rasp xcsmz, ( retro aspicere )~ to look backupon . ZEneas ma nia t e
s iciens. Virg. Figuratively : to regard f avourably , to commiserate.181 quis nos D eus respexeriL
'
C ic.- SUSPICERE, ( sursumaspicere)
to- look up. Suspicare in ca lum. Cic . As tra suspicere. 1d . Figura
tively to consider with admira tion. Hnnores et p ramia susp icere.
(C ic.
2132. Respirare. Eatpirare.
RESP I RARE, (fi om re'
and sp irar e ) to breathe, to take or fetchbrea th . Excip iat animam earn , qua d ucta sit sp i ritu, eandemque apulmonibus reSpiret ac red dat. Cic. Resp irare in aqua, Id .,
Tobreathe in ’water . Figuratively to be refreshed or eased. Resp i ravi ,liberatus surn. Cic. A metu resp irare . Id . Raspirasset cup id itas at
q’
ue avaritia paululum. l d .— EXPIRARE , (Sp i rare é{7
to breathef orth ,to
,exha le. Expirantem transfix
‘
o p ectore flammas . irg. Inter primamcurationemexpiravit . Liv. (animam understood. )
2133. Resp ondere. Respansare.
RESPONDERE , to answer . Ad ea qua qua sita sunt respondere.Cic.
Figuratively : Ut omnia omn ibus, paribus par ia respondeant. Cic.
Laudibus resp ondere Gra corum, Id . , To equa l‘
the Gr eeks in glory.
‘RESPON SARE ( its f requentative ) denotes more action and eagerness.
Resp onsa, aut loquere. Plaut. fi gurative! to resist, to oppose. Fortuna responsare superba . H or . Ne gali
yina
‘
rnalum resp onsecd ura
palato. 1 d . Suis responsare cupidinibus. 1d .
2134. Responsio. Responsum.
RESPON S IO , the act of answer ina . In quo erat'
accusatoris inter
pretatio indigna resp‘o
‘
nsi one . Cic.— RESPONSUM , the answer i tsel is
properly an adj ective.'Resp on
'
sa at e decreta j urisconsultorum .Cic.
Ame quoqu e id resp onsum tulisti. Id . Responsionem wouldproper. Ex illins ad nostra responsa resp onsis intelligentur . Id .
21 35. Restore. Superasse.
RESTARE, ( retros tare) to stay or stand beh ind; to remain . Qui‘
Roma restiterunt. Cic. Ad fontem cum bibisset cervus, restitit .
Ph a d . Figuratively L onga sunt qua restant . Cic. Bestare issaidif wha t is rema ining
-at a heap f rom wh ich things‘ haue been taken
SUPEREBSB, of what is t oo nweh or rema ining afl er themeasure hasbeenfi lled up , lobe over and above. Cui tanta erat res, at s upererat.
Ter. Sed versor ne j am superessemihi verba putes, qua d ixeram
492
d efutura. Cic. l t is also taken in the meaning of restare . Dua partes
qua mih i supersunt illustranda . Cic.
21 36 . Restis. Fun is . Rudens.
REST I S , a small card , a packth read. Per manus reste ducts,virg ines sonumvoe is pulsu p edum modulantes incesserunt, Liv., Thevi rgins, having a cord in thei r hands, wa lked on sing ing and dancing .
Tu inte r eas restim d uctans saltab is, Ter ., which cannot be sa id butof a sma ll cord — PUNI S , a th ick rope. Lax i funes, Virg . , sp eak ing ofthe cables g
“a sh ip . Tortos incidere funes . l d .
— RUDENS, f rom tu
d ere , on account of the no is e they make) a cable , or great rope qf a ship.
Insequitur clamorquevi rum, clangorque rudentum. V i rg .
2137. Retentio. Retinaculum.
RETENT IO , the reta in ing or keeping back . Retentio auriga . Cic.
Figuratively Assentionum retentio , the keeping of the mind in sus
pense.— RET I NACULUM , anymanner of th ing wh erewith‘
anoth er isholden back . Retinacula solvit. Virg. Frustra retinacula tendenefertur e qu is auriga suis . Id .
21 38 . Retrahere. Revocare.
RETRAH ERE, ( retro trah ere ) to draw or pull back . Quo qui demme p roficiscentem baud sane quis facileretraxerit . Cic. Uno pra lio
Th ebas ab interitu retrax it. (Epamin ondas. ) C. Nep . FigurativelyQuo fata trah unt retrahuntque sequamur . Virg.
— REVOCARE, (retroo r rursusvocare ) to recall, to call back . Vos qui me repetistis atque
r evocastis . C ic. Figurat ively Ad scientiam o’
run ia revocent. Cic.
Ad p otentiam suam revocare omnia. Id . Senatum ad p ristinamsuam severitatem revocavi . Cic.
2139 . Revela re. Retegere.
REVELARE, to pull ofi‘
theveil, to unveil . Os revelatum. Ovid .
— RETEGERE, to uncover, to lay op en. Orbem retexit Titan radiis.
Virg . V ultus retegit scisso velamine. Lucan . Jugulum pectusquer etex it. Ovid . Figura tively Tu sap ientum curas , et arcanumj ocoso cons ilium retegis Lya o . Hor .
2140 . Reumfacer e. Reum peragere.
RBUM FACERE, to impeach one. Facere aliquem reum de amb itu.
CIC . Cur is abs te reus non factus est ? l d .— REUM Ps nAG sR s , to
p rosecute one until he be condemned. Vos, si reum perago, quid actur iest is ? Liv.
214-1 . Reus. Nocens. Sons .
Rs us was genera lly sa id Qf a ll those who had any contestation, eitherin a cr imina l or a civil ma tter. Re os app ello non eos modo qui arguuntur , sed omnes quorum d e re d iscep tatur . Cic . Ali ena culpa
reus. l d . Mil o reus est p ra clar i facti . l d . Good writers never g iveto tens the mean ing if guilty . but only of accused ; wh ich appea rsp la inly in th is 'example S i h ab eres nocentem reum. Cic. I t also signifies obliged to p erform,
obnoxi ous. Reus sua station is tutanda , Liv. ,Obliged to gua rd a post a t h is own r isk and per il . -Noa s , synamous w ith the others, s ignifies guilty . Innocens, si accusatus sit,gy‘
494
calium. Cic.—Rwrvs , (from ringere) i s only said of
the mouth, and of the niouth itself . Risu d id ucere rictu
tus ad aures d eh iscens . Plin . Fluidi sanguine rictus . Ovid.
2145. Risum compescer e. Risum tenere.
RI SUM comp e scs an, to stop one s laughing . Risurn compesceremappé . H on— R1 3 1 »: TENERB, to keep fr om laugh ing , does not supp ose that we were laugh ing bef ore, as risum compescere does . Equid em 1n quibusdamvix r isum tenebam. Cic. Risum teneatis, amici?H or .
2146. Risummovere. Risumf acere. Risum captare .
RISUM MOVERE, to create laugh ing . Illa quamvis r id icula assent ,mihi tamen risum non moverunt .
—RI SUM FACERE , to laugh , and tocreate lauo h ing . Risus p opul i atque
.
admurmuratio omnium facta
est. Cic. i ’ost repulsam risus facit ; civem b onum ludi t. Id .— RI SUM
CAPTARE , to seek for ra ising a laughter. S olutos qui captat risus h ominum
,famamque dicacis. H or .
2147. Rogatio . Rogatus. Rogatum.
Ro s /1 1 1 0 , a prayer, the act cf demanding . Ego Cur tium rogatione
tua di ligo. Cic. It i s sa id of a petition or request, and qf thepr opounding of a law, because the p eople were asked their consent to it. Facere
r ogationem ad p opulum, Cic., To propose a new lau to the p eople , inorder to get f rom them the confirmation of it. Accipere rogati onem,
Id . , To r eceive or confi rm a law — ROGATUS , a sol ici tation , i svery sel
d omfound but in the ablative case. Rogatumeo impetravit. Cic.
ROGATUM i s properly an aryective, the demand itself, or the th ing tha tis asked . Is nunquam mih i ad rogatum respondet, et accusatori
plusquam ad rOgatum re8pond et. Cic.
2148 . Roralis . Roscidus. Boratus .
Ronsms , of dew, belong ing to dew. Virgaque t otales laurea misi taquas . Ovid.
— Ro scxnUs , wet or mo istened wi th dew, dewy . Vidi teroscida male. legentem. Virg.
— RORA '
r us , bedewed, spri nkleddew. Roratw rosar. Ovid . Mollis erat tellus, rorataque manena. Id .
2149 . Rorare . St illa re .
Roxa ne , to dr op and f a ll down l ike dew. Sparsi rorabant sanguinevep res . Virg. Rorantiavid imus as tra. Id — ST ILLARE, to dr op ortr ickle M n, to distil . Pugi
o
o stillans sanguine . Cic. Stillabant ilicemella. Ovi d. Stillabit amicis ex ocul is rot em. Her .
2150 . Rorarn . Ferentoru .
ROBAR I I , dew bea ters, ligh t a rmed soldierswho mad e the first skirmishes : a figure takenf rom the dew that generally precedes a storm Qfra in. Roraru mil ites . Liv. Rorar ii d icti a rore
495
2151 . Rostrum. Rostra .
ROSTRUM , the beak or bill of birds , the snout of beasts. Obuncumvulturis rostrum. Cic. Rostrum su is . l d .
— Ro sr nA is genera lly taken
for thepulp itf romwh ich the Roman orators p leaded, so called becauseit was ad or ned with the beaks of the sh ips taken f rom the Antiates bytheRomans . Rostra dictum est templum, seu forum ante CuriamH ostiliam, in quo erat pulp itum o rnatum ex r ostr is navium Antiarum, ex quo l oco concionat i solebant . Liv. Ascendere in rostra.
The pleading pulp it s tood in the midd le of . the public square a t -Rome,wherein there generally was a set of la zy peop le and rbewsmongers idlingthei r time away .
2152. Rotare . Rotundare. Tornare.RO TARE , (f rom rota ) to swing or wh irl about. Ap er rotat ores. Ovid . Sord idum 621m trep idant rotantesvertice fumum.
glii—ROKI‘UNDARE, ( quas i r otam dare ) to make round. Mundumad volubilitatem rotundavit Deus . Cic. Figuratively . Mille talents.rotundentur , totidem altera, p orro tertia succed ant . H or . We likewise say, Tomake a round sum or number . —TORNABE, (f rom tornus )to turn or work with the wheel, as turners do. Mundumita tornavit,ut n ih il eflici p osset r otundi us. Figuratively Et male to rnatos in
cud'
u ed d er e versus. H or .
2153. Rotundus. Teres.
Mutat quadrata t oun
tundo Musa
2154. Ruben Rubicundus. Purpureus.
RUBER , red, of’
a deep yellow colour, li ke tha t (y’ the dawn of day.
Auro ra rubra . Propert .— RUBICUNDUS , blood- 1 ed , very red . Acusis
ocul is, ore r ubicund o . Plaut. Rub icunda cornua -lunae. H on— PUR
FO RBUS , purp le colour ed . Palliumpurpureum. Cic. I t is used f bypoetsto exp ress a h igh shin ing colour, so that it sometimes s ignifies a greatwhiteness. Brach ia -
purpureacand idio ra n ive. Ovid .
2155. Ructa r e. Eructa ra.
.BUCTARE and RUCTARI , to belch . Cui ructare turp e esset, is vomuit. Cic. .Aves etiamn unc ructor quasmih i apposuisti, V arr .,Evenat th is time t he birds you h ave -h elped me to, r ise in mystomach . Fi
guratively Subl imes versus ructar i, Ho r ., To write hastilyvery iacorrectverses.
— BRUC'M RE, (ruotar e e) to belch or throw up . Saniemeructans, ac frusta cruento per somnum commixta me ro . V i rg. F
guratively: Accubantes in conviviis eructant sermonibus ca dem bonorum. Cic. Vastaquevorag ine gurges aestuat, atque omnemCocytoeructat arenam. Virg .
2156. Rudus. Cadaver. Eunus.RUDUS , rubbish of old ruinous houses f a llen to the ground. ZEr is
cum ruderamilites. religi ons inducti j acerent , p ost p rofectio
496
nemAnnibalismagni inventi . Liv. —CADAVER, f romcadere ) a carcase, a dead body . Aqua turb ida et cad aver ibus inquinata. Cic. Dilapsa tabo cadavera, Virg .
,speak ing of bi t/locks . C icero has used ca
davera, speak ing of towns. Cum uno l oco tot Opp id orum cadaverap rojecta j aceant. It is without any foundation tha t latter g rammar ianswill have cadaver to be caro data vermibus ; as, for the same reason,wemigh t say that papaver is pabulum datumvermibus, wh ich is non:sense — Fa NU s , such as we cons ider it in th is a rticle, is p roperly sa id ofa corpse that has been bur ied. Omn ia Deiph obo solvisti et funeris umb ris. V irg. Quae nunc artus, avulsaque membra, et fonos lace rumtellus h abet. Id .
2157. Rupes. Scopulas .
RUPES , a rock, a steep mass of stonesfastened to the g round, or j ixedto the bottom of the sea . Ex magnis rupibus nactus p lanitiem. Cees .
— SCOPULU S (f rom cncs'
nroua t ) is especia lly sa id of the po ints of rocksthat ar e seen in the sea , or on the sea-shore. .H ino atque h incvastarupes geminique minantur in caelum scopuli. Virg. Ad eosdem sco
Pulos appellere. Cic. IVe say of a hard- hearted man, gestat sc0pulos
i n corde. Ovid . We also say of a man not to be sha ken, rupes immota.
2158 . Rusticitas. Rusticatio. Rusticatus.
RUST ICITA S , rusticity, rudeness. Urbanitati contraria est rusticitas. Quint.— RUST ICAT 1 0 , the administer ing of rural prop erty . In
rusticatione antiquissima est rati o pascend i . Col . It is also sa id of travelling in the country . N eque solum mili tia, sed etiam p eregrinationes rusticationesque communes. Cic.
— RUST ICATUS , dwelling inthe country . Quod quidem ipsum scribe , quaeso , ad me, ut dumcon~
s isto in Tusculano, sciam quid garriat in rusticatu. Cic.
2159. Rusticus . Rusticanus. Agrestis . Agrarias. Vicanus.
Rusr i cus , from rus perta ining to the country. H omo imp eritus morum, et rusticus. ic. Mores rustici . Id . Praedia rustica. Id .— RU STxCAN US , rustic, concentrated in the country . Marius, rust icanusvir , sed planevir. Cic. Quod ita fuit illustre notumque omnibus,ut n emo tamrusticanus h omo Romainvener it, quin, &c . Id . Rus
t icanavita . Cic. A l ife wholly sp ent in the country . Rusticavita, Id .,
Rura l lif e.— AGREST I S, (f romager ) rural, growing in the country .
Arb o r agrest is. Cic. Aux iliumvocat et duros couclamat agrestes.V i rg. Figuratively wi ld , coarse. Rusticavox et agrestis . C ic. A
p r incip i o clamare , agreste quid dam est. l d .— AGRAR IUS , concern ing
thefi elds . Agrar iam rem tenta re , Cic. , To attemp t an equal distributina of lands among the people . Agrarn h omines, Id The partisansof the Agra r ian law ,
or menvery r ich in landed property— V ICANUS ,fromvicos ) a vi llager , a peasant, an inhabitant of avillage or sma ll
town. Vicam quique ibi exules h abitabant . Liv. Timolites illevicanus h omo , non modo n ob ilis, sed , &c. Cic.
2160 . Sacer . Sacratus. Sanctus. Sacrosanctus. Religiosus.
SACER, sacred. lEdes sacra. Cic . Miscere sacra profanis. Hor . It
49 8
21 65. Scep issimé. Perscep
SE PI S S IME expresses more than PERSE PE . Frons, oculi ,persaep é mentiuntur ; o rati o vero saepissimé . Cic. It is the so
a ll the superla tives and adj ectives composed of per .
'
2166. Scevire. Desaevire. Er scevire.
SE V IRE, (f rom (rein) , oeziw,furere) to use ill, to
'
act
one. Saavite in tergum, in cervices n ostras . Liv. Figsurgens saevit amo r . V ir rr . Latratus ,canum smvit in a
question in favour of the latter. Dump elagosus Ori on ; quassatmque rates et non tracwhere Sic t oto JEneas d esaevit in sequore victor, ut smucro . Virg .
— EXSE V IRE, to cease rag ing . Dum reliqtatis exsmviret. Liv.
2167. Sag ittari us. S -rgitty’er . Funditor.
SAG I TTAR IU S , (f rom sagitta ) a n a rcher , a shooter , a
Ususque multis tormentis, multis sagittari is rem confeci . C
G IT T IFER, ( sagittas ferens ) tha t bears or wears arr ows .
r osque Gelonos finxel 'at.V lrg .
— FUND ITOR , a stinger , ostones with a sl ing . Cretas sagittarios, et funditores Bdi o opp id anismis it. Cars .
2168 . Sa larios. Salitor .
SALARIUS , (a substantive ) a seller (f salt or (y’ saltfi sh . Viles puer i salar iorum. Mart .— SALITO R, a gatherer of the duties upon salt.
Imp erata p ecun ia data salitor ibus Britannias . Cic.
2169 . Salina . Salinum.
SALI NA , a sa lt-p it, a p lace where salt is made .
j am ex p rox imis erat salinis ec‘
i congesta. Figu rativl inarum mearum, Cic. , My h abit of mak ing j ests andL INUM , a saltcellor . Cui paternum Sp lend et in mensH or . Sal ina, in Va ler iusMax imus , is used in the some or
que patellam Deorum causeet salinem h abuit .
2170 . Sal ire . Saltare . Tripudiare.SAL IBE , to leap , to j ump , to sk ip . Salire d e muro . Liv. G rando
salit in tectis. Virg . Figura tively: C or mih i salit , Plaut. , lily h eart
p ants and bea ts .— SALTA RE , ( j requenta tive (Jsalire ) to dance, to caa
p er . N emo fere salt-at sobrius . Cic. It a lso s ignifi es to imitate in d ancing . Saltare pasto rem. H or . V i rg il in a poetica l way has used salire
f or saltare . Mo llibus in p ratis unctos saliere per utres . Virg . Salirealacritatis est ; saltare , elegant im. G . D . TRIPUD IARE , (from tresand pes ) to tr ip , to dance i n beating the ground of ten withwhich idea Horace exp resses by a per iph ras is . Gaudet invisam p epul isse fossor ter p ede terram.
'H or . In funer ibus Reipublicce exultantemet tr ipud iantem legum laqueis constringere . Cic. Per o rh em irecantantes carmina cum tr ipud iis solemnique saltato j ussit . Liv.
499
2171 . Salsas . Facetas. Dicam.
S e nsus , (f rom sal) properly salted, or salt. ZEquora salsa. H or .
it ura tinely : merry , witty, j esting . Sa lsus h omo C ic. Dictum sal
sum. Quint.— FA CETUS , facetious, pleasant. Erat salsus et facetus.
C ic. Sermo facetus . 1d . Faceta et elegans ironia. 1d — DIGAK ,( f rom dicere ) a maker (f 1 sati ri ca l pleasantries ,a p oignantj ester
"
. Divwacitas peracutum et breve facet iarum genus Cic. In convivi is facet i et dicaces . Id . H ominibus facetis et d icacibus diflicile est ha
b ere h ominum rat i onem, et ea quae occurrunt, cum salsissimé dici
possint, tacere . 1d . Demosth en es non tam d icax fuit, quam facetasest autem illud acr ior is ingen i i , h oc maj oris artis. Id . Salsus h omo ,deliciae conviviorum si p réser tim facetus est, d icax non semp er con»
vivarum rationem hab et. G . D .
2172. Saltus Saltatio .
SALTUS , a leap , f risk, or sk ip . Tum d emum saltu pra ceps sese‘o omnibus armis in fluvium dedit. Virg. Viam sup erare saltu. Id .
SALTA T IO , the act of dancing , a dance . Intemp estivi convivii, amazni loci , multarumque d eliciarum comes est ex trema saltatio . Cic.
2173. Saltus . S ilva . Nemus . Lucas.
SALTUS , synonymous with the others, i s a defi le, a narrow passagetha t cannot be got out of wi thout leap ing. Celeriter Pyrenacos saltusoccupari jubet. Cass. [t is generally sa id if a p lace where there ar e[0rests and pastures . Saltibus m vacuis pascant, et p lena secundumfiumina. Virg. De saltu agroque commun i d etrud i. C ic. Fguratively . Saltus d amni, P1aut Af orest of evi ls Saltus, says Vo lta , est silva invia, necviat0 1 i pervia, in qua pecud es aestivare solent .
— S I LVAis the ge nera l wor df or a wood. G enus h umanum 1 11 montibus et silvis d issipatum. Cic . S ilvaeque 1 ecentes , saltusque reconditi . Gatul.Figuratively : it i s sa id of any k ind (f abundance . Silva rerum, ac sen
tentiarum comparanda . Cic . V irtutume t vitiorum Silva. 1d .—NE
MU S , a wood of h igh and lofty trees, a grove. N emus quod nulla cc
ciderat aetas . Ovid . A park well planted 23 nemus . Caesar ven iam adse rogat in nemus . Cic.
— LucUs , a dark grave or wood consecrated tosome God . Pi os errare per 1ucos . V irg. Lucus ibi frequenti S ilva, etp roceris abietis arbor ibus sep tus Liv.
2174. Salubr is . Sa luta ris.
SALUBR I S , (f rom salus ) hea lthful, wholesome. Defuncta morb iacorpo ra salubriora esse empare . Liv. Salubr is is only sa id of th ings .
Figura tively . Salubre cons ilium. Cic.— SALUTARI S , sa lutary , rela t
ing to hea lth , to the p reservation cy’ d ignity, situation”f or tune and of
life itself . Cultura agr orum gen eri h uman o salutaris . Cic. N ih il Rei
p ublicae salutar ius . 1d . Civis beneficus et salutar is . 1d . Sa1utar is se
veritas vincit inanem speciem clementice. 1d . Salutaris littera, Id ,
The letter A , being a note of absolution.
2175 Salas. Va letudo . Sunitas. Sanatia. Salubr itas.
SALUS , health of body or mind, safety Qui medicis suis non ad sa
sed ad necem utitur . Cic. Salus Reipublicae. Id . . Salutem d i2 K 2
500
cere foro et curiae, Id ., To take leave cf tr ibunals or courts of Judicalure. —V ALETUDO , health , whether goo d or bad . Bona, adversa valetudo . Cic. Valetudine oculo rum imped iebatur . 1d . Figura tively :'
V aletud o an imi . Cic .— SAN ITA S , from samus ) hea lth . Qui incor
rup tasan itate sunt . Cic. Figura tively An imi sanitas . Cic.— SANA
'T I O , a hea l ing, a curing . Eo rum malorum in unavi rtute p osita sanat i o est. Cic.
— SALUBRI TA S , wholesomeness of the a ir , of victuals,&c . Loci salubritas . Cic. l i salubr itas et teméer ies . Plin . Salub ritatis et pestilentim s igna. Cic. Figura tively Dictionis salubr itas,Cic. , Thegood taste of a style, in opposi tion to corrup ta lenociniis elocutio. G. D.
2176. Salutare. Persalutar e. Conso la to re. Resalutar e. Sa lver e.
SALUTARE, to salute at meeting, to greet. Domus te n ostra sal u
tat. Cic . Cum De os salutatumvenerint. 1d . Illum salutavi , p ostedjussi val ere . 1d .
—PERSALUTARE, to sa lute or compliment (y’
ten, to so
lute all in a body . Qui ita sit ambitiosus , ut omnes nosvosque quot id ie persalutet . Cic. Donec a toto exercitu ad ultimumper salutatus est. Q . Curt — CON SALUTARE, to salute or greet a ll in a body , orone another . Dictatorem eum legat i gratulan tes consalutant . Liv.Qui cum inter se, ut ipsorum usus ferebat, amicissime consalutas
sent. Cic.— RESALUTARE , to salute one aga in . Securus nullum re
salutas , d espicis omnes. Mart .— SALV ERE, pr operly , to bewell or in
good health . I t of ten s ignifies to receive a sa lute from. Salveb is ameoCicerone , Cic. , My dea r Cicero commends, or remembers h imself unto
you. Dionysiumvelim salvere j ubeas. Id .
2177. Sancire. Sciscer e.
SANC I RE , to enact, to establ i sh or command . Leges sanci re , Cic.,
To make laws. Lege sancitum est. Id . Sanci re cap i te , Id ., To command under pa in (J
’
d eath . Sanci re aliquem augurem, Id ., To establish one an augur. Sanxerunt inter se j urej urand o , ne quis enunciaret, Caes ., They bound themselves byan oath never to revea l to any bodywha t had been resolved up on . Sanguine Annibalis saneiamRomanumfmdus. Liv. Sancire is used for rel ig ious matters, and Scxscann bothof relig ious and p r o/one concerns to orda in, to decree. Primus legemscivit d e p ublicanis . Cic. Dur ifis Ath enienses sciverunt, ut l Eginetis,qui classe valebant, p ollices prmcid erentur . l d . Qua: scisceret plebs,aut quae p 0pu1us j uberet. Id .
2178 . Sanctitas. Sanctimonia .
SANCT I TAS (f rom sancire ) est, says Cicero, sci entia colend orumDeorum. Thevirtue of sanctity, ry
‘
uprightness. Tueri se sanctitate
sua. Cic. Ancillae perstitére dominaesanctitatemtueri . Tao — SANCT IMON IA , h oliness, integ rity . H ab ere d omum clausam pudori etsanctimoniae. Cic. Sanctimonia nuptiarum. 1d . Femina nob ilitate,p uerperns , sanctimonifi insign is. Tac.
2 179 . Sanguineus. Sangu inar ios. Sanguinolentas . Cruentus.
SANGUINEUS, of blood, of a bloody colour . Sanguineus imb er. Cic.
Mo ra sang
not, as satietas ,rerum omnium,
pertin ent . Cic. Wevery p rop erly say, in a figurative sense, satietas ivita , provinciie , aurium ; l ut satur itas would not do.— FA S '
I 1D 10 M,
fr om fastus ) disgust. C ib i satietas et fastidium. Cic. Var1a fast id ia vin
'
c ere coena. H or . Fastid itrm aud iend i . C ic . Fas tid ium stomach i. . 1 d . im nibus 1n r ebusvolup tatibus max imis fast idium fini,tiumm est. Id.
21 84. Satio. Consitio. Insitio .
SAT IO, (f rom serere , satum) a sowing of seed or planting , sow
Vere fab is satia. Vi rg . Opt ima vinetis sat i o . Id . Perpetua atque a quab ili satione. Cic .
— CON S I T 1 0 , a sowing , setting , planting together. Non consitiones modo d electant, sed etiam insiti ones,
qibus n ih il .inven it agricola solertius . Cic.
— IN 51 1 ' 1 0 , a graft ing .
ener i t insitio, fac t amum ramus ad op tet . Ovid.
21 85. Satisdar e. Sa tisfa‘
cer e. Prcestare.
SAT I SDARE, to put in suflicient suret ies, to g ive ba il Judicatumsolvi satisdare , C ic. , To g ive secur ityfor the payment of a fi ne. Si
qui d satisd and u'
m e t it, cures ut satisd etur fid e mea , Id . 1] any se
ca rity be requ ired , let my word of honour be engaged.— SAT I SFACERE,
to 50 11933510 g ive satisf action, to discha rge a debt i n anyway. Puer i
tui mo 0 me pulsaverunt, satisfacias oportet. Cic. Satisfacere natu“
rat et legibus.
F.1d Satisfacere alieni 1 r1 p ecunia .
(uied ac
gtively) to make good, to answerfor to execute . Praestare se
p ropugnatorem acer r imum. Cic. Sententiam suam pra stare senatui . Id . Istam culpam quam veter is p reestabo , Id 1 will take the
fault upon myself Praestabo sump tum, p ericulum, 1 d I will be cccountablef or the exp ense,f or the danger. Quando praes titimus quaddebuimus, moderate quod evenit feramus . Id .
2186 . Satishabere. Satisacciper e.
SAT I SHABERE, to be sa tisfied , to have”
no cla im upan. Satish abeas
n ih il me etiam tecum de tui fratr is mj uria conquer i Cic. Heec amq
n ia vob is sunt éxped ienda, nec h oc cogitand um satis j am h ab ereRempub licam a vob is. Id .
— SAT I SACC I PERE, to receive a secur ity.
Abs te satisaccip iam ; ego autem tibi non satisd abo . Cic.
2187. Sam s. Saxosus.
SAXEUS , of stone, stony, rocky. Moles saxea. Ovid . Tecta saxea.
Id . Figura tively . obdurate, hard- hearted. Sax ens ferr eusque es .
Pli n.— SAXO SUS ,full of stones o r rocks . Saxosi montes. Virg. Sax :
osaflumina. Id .
21 88 . Scaber. Scabiosas.SCABER , (from scab i es ) rough , rugged, uneven. Malae scabrae.
Ovid. Exesa i nvenias scabra rub igine p ila . V i ifg . It is usedf or
fi lthy, .dir ty, nasty. Pectus illuvi e scabrum. Cic. Intonsus et sca
ber . H or . Dig iti p ingues et scaber ungui s. Ovid . Scabe r is said/d isthe7a ctua l state, and SCAB IOSUS of the ha bit. Namque est scabiosus,et acri b ile tame t. Pars .
vi ris . H o r . It is also sa id of the spectators. Th eatra tota reclamant .Cic. Figuratively Th eatrum ingeni i , C ic. , The pa rt wherein gen iusis the most consp icuous. Nul lum th eatrumvi rtut i conscientia majusest. Id .
2194. Scenalis . Scenicus .
SCENALI S , Qf or belong ing to a stage . Scenalis sp ecies , Lucret.,The decora tion qf
'
a theatre. hasmore relati on to thep layers .
Scen icus artifex, Cic. , A comedi an,a n actor. Scenicum est manus
complodere, Quintil. , Loud applause has a ta ste of th e stage.
21 95. Schola r is . Scholasticus . Discipulus .
SCH OLARI S , (f rom sch ola ) one who goes to schools . Omn ibus quicausa stud iorum peregr inantur sch o lar ibus , et makime d ivinarumatque sacrarum rerum p rofessor ibus . Fr id er . Imp er.— SCH OLA ST I
C US , a p leader of feigned controvers ies. Sch olasticus tantum est .
n osverb qui in foro verisque litibus ter imus. Plin . j un.— D I SCIPU
LUS , ( fr om d iscei‘
e ) one that takes lessons of anoth er, a lea rner .
'
Au
d itor et discipulus Platonis . C ic. Discip uli coquorum, Plaut.,Scullions . D iscipuli crucis, Id . , Ncwga te
-birds . Discipuli in Terence signi es the actors . the poet or composer of p lays sty les h imselfmagister.
2196 . Sciens . Scitus. Scitulus.
SC I ENS , knowing . Quis h oc h omine scientior ? Cic. Sci ens
ppgnae. H on— So rr us , (f rom sci re ) skilful, clever . Scitus lyrae.or. Seitas sycoph anta, Plaut. , A mizster in cunn ing or craf t. Scitus
h omo is a sk i lful and clever man ; and sci ens h omo , a learned man .
Scitus a lso s ign ifi es pleasant, amiable . Scita faci es, Ter. , 1A p retty
face. Scitus puer natus est Pamph ilo . Id . Inter rogationes scitaa,
Quintil ., Judicious questions.— SC 1TULUS , (diminutive oj
'
scitus ) pretty ,darling . Ambae forma scitulaet aetatula. Plaut .
2197. Scintillare. Fulgura re.
SC INT I LLARE , to sparkle. Gi‘
rm testaardenteviderent scintillareo leum. Virg. Figura tively Ut ocul i scintillant vide . Plaut.— FUL
GURA BE, to enlighten . Cdmex omnibus quatuo r coel i partibus ful
gurabit . Plin. Figuratively Ut non loqui et orare , sed fulgurareet tonare videar is . Quintil.
2198 . Scire. Rescire.
Scu m, to know, to be sk ilful in . Sci re Latiné . Cic. Nam quodsci o , omne ex 110 0 sci o . Ter .
— RESC IRE, to hea r of a ma tter , to cometo the knowledge of it. Quarrit e t iam, si sap i ens adulterin os num
mos acceper it imp rud ens p ro b oni s, cum i d rescier it, solutums sit
eos , si cui d ebeat, p ro b on is. Cic. Ne rescirent Car thaginenses.
Liv. Rescivit Amph itryo rem omnem. Plaut.
21 99 . Scr iptura . Scr ip tio. Scr iptum.
SCR IPTURA , a wr iting or making of a book . Postquam p o eta sensit scripturam suam ab i niquis observar i. Te r.— SCR1 PT 1 0 ,
the act
of wr iting or composing . Orat i o digna scr ip tione. Cic. Scriptiones
ph ilosoph icze . 1d . Nulla res tantum ad d icend um roficit, quantumscrip tio . l d .
— Seme r uM , a writing , a work, a boo Op tima scrip taG razcorum. Cic. Ex Naevian is scrip tis intelligi p otest. Cic.
Anton i o . Cic. Ab h onestate sej unctus. Id . Secretum ac sej unc~
turn a corp ore . Lucret. Figura tively Pars an imi , qua sensum h abea t, ab actione s ej uncta.Cic.
— SECLU SUS , (seorsim clausus ) shut upapartf rom others , -s itua te by itself: Seclusum in valle reducta. V i rg ..
A communi luce seclususvLiv.
Sectar i. Sequi . .
SECTARI , (f requentat ive of sequi) to f ollow cyter with afi'
ection ora rdour . Qui illic ej usmodi est, ut eum puer i sectentur . Cic. Is
prmtorem c ircum omn ia fora sectabatur . Id . Figuratively Foe
cnndi leporis sap iens sectabitur armos. H on— Seam, to f ollow, to
go afl e m A tergo .sequi. Virg. Sequiturque patrem non pass ibusaequ is . Id . , Figuratively : Sequi mi litiam, Cic. , To j b llow the p ro
f ession of a soldier . Sequi amicitiam alicuj us , Id . , To endeavour. toa tta in somebody ’
s f r iendsh ip . N eque enim attinet quicquam sequi,quod assequi nequeas . Id .
2206. Sectio . Auctio. Licitatig:
SECT I O , (f rom secare ) properly the act of Eutti ng , divis ion, sepa rat ion . It is sa id Qf
‘
the confisca tion or forfei ture <y“
goods , because one
ha lf or part of the confisca ted p roperty was g iven to the informer. Ex
pectantibus omn ibus quisnam esset tam imp ius qui ad illud scelus
sectionis auderet accedere , inventus est nemo p raeter Antonium,
p rzeser tim cum tot essent circa bastam illam qui omn ia aud erent .
Cic.— AUCT IO , (f rom augere , auctum) prop erly increas ing . I t is
h ere taken for a sale of p r ivate goods by auclion . Bona al icuj us constitutai auctione vendere . Cic. Mulie r auctionem .p rovinciarum faciebat. l d .
— LI C I TA T I O , a bidd ingf or , or setting a p rice upon, a th ingin a sale by auction . Licitationem face re, Cic., To outbid for a thing .
Auctionem face re , Id ., To sell by auction .
2207. Secundus. Secundanus. Secundar ias.
SECUNDUS , the second, that f ollows thefi rst either in order or innumber . Quon iam i d secundum e rat de tribus. Cic . Secundus arege , Liv., The next to the king . Pan is secundus , H or . , Coa rsebread. Amongst the Romans, when a fi rst presage was not f avourable, anoth er w as asked , wh ich , if f avourable, was called secundum.
H ence these exp ress ions so f requently f ound in Latin authors. Avibussecund is. Liv. Ausp icia secunda. H or . Fortuna secunda. Cic.
Fama secunda. Liv. Amn i secundo , Virg ., Down the stream. Wh enthe second ornea was not favourable, i t was only ca lled alterum. SE
C UNDANUS , a soldier of the second leg ion . Dum repetunt enixé signum, p r io re s secundani se p ortaej écére. Liv.
— SEC UNDA 11 1U s , ty'
thesecond sort or order . Q. A rrius , qui fuit M. Crass i quas i secundarius. Cic. Pan is secundarios. Suet.
2208. Secur is . Bipennis .
Smooms , ( from secare ) an ar e or hatchet. Securi ce rvices sub»
j ecé re. Cic. Figuratively : Secur im graviorem Reipublica: infli
ge re . Cic. Securim alicui infligere, l d ., To th row a rub in somebod
’
s way.— BI PENN I S , (from h is and penna, a p in ion , a wing ) a
ert, a pole-axe. Tonsa bipennibus flex . Hor .,Correpta dura
b ipenn i limina perrump it. V i rg.
.
5
2209 . Sed itiosus . Turbulentus . Turbidus . Tumultuosas. Tumultaurins .
SED I T I OSU S , seditious, that ra ises sed itious. Dissentio civium, quad
séorsim al i i ab aliis eunt, sed itio d icitur . Cic. Malus civis , imp robus consul , sed itiosus h omo ; l d .
— TURBULENTU S , (f rom turba)turbulent, factions . Seditiosus et turbulentus civis. Cic . Conciones
turbulentae. Id . Annus turbulentior . Id .- TURBIDUS , muddy , th ick ,
f oggy , is better sa id Qf th ings . Aqua turb ida.
’
Cic. Figurat ivelyEsSe in
'
turb id is rebus . Cic. Mar es turb idi , Plaut ., A troublesometemp er . Animi turb idus, Tac.
, Not sound in h is mind . S i turb id is
s ima sapienter ferebas , tranquilliora lmté feras . Cic.— TUMULTU
o sus; tumultuous, confused, alarming . Tumultuosum genus pugnm.
Liv.
'
Sed itiosa’
et tumultuosa vita. Cic . In otia tumultuosi , in bellosegu es. Liv. Ex Syrian ob is tumultuosa quaedam nunciata sunt.
Cid — TUMULTUAR IUS , done in haste, or in a hurry , disorderly. Tu
multnar ia pugna. Liv. Delectus tumultuarias. Id . Tumultuar iusd ux . Id .
2210 . Seducer e. Sevocar e.
SE’
DUC ERE, ( seor sim d ucere) to lead as ide or apart. Blanda manused ux it eum. Cic. Singulos d einde separ atim, Lzelium ac Mass in issam sed uctos obtestatur . Liv. Figuratively Cum mo rs an imi.seduxer it artus , Virg . , When dea th shall have separated the soulf romth e body — SEV OCARE, ( seorsimvocare ) to ca ll ap art or as ide f roma nother. Sevocat h unc gen itor. Ter . Figuratively : Sevocare ani
mum ab omn i riegotio . Cic.
221 1 . Seducer e. Subornare. Apponere.
SEDUCERE , figuratively , may be compa r ed with subomare, app onere . I t a lso s ignifies to seduce, to deceive. Et iam nunc me seducet eistis d ict is p ostulas. Ter.— SUBORNARE is to send pr ivily and underhand wha t t o do or say, with instructions . Sub ornare testes . Cic.
Confessus es a te accusatores esse instructos et subomatos . Id . It
a lso s ignifies to setforth and honour one. Tu , quod ad huc fecisti,i dem p raesta, ut nos sub ornes . Cic .
— APPONERE, (p onere ad ) to setto, n igh , or bef ore. Apponere signum ep istolae . Cic. Apponeremensam ~alicui, Id ., synonymouswith the two others, means °
to suborn; tobribe. Accusat or a pponitur civis Romanus . Cic: Calumniatores
ex-
s inu suo app osa it, H e appointed f alse witnesses out of h is own
servants.
2212. Seges. fidessis.
SEGES , standing corn, a crop . Luxuri es segetum. Cic . Segetes
foecund ae h erbas efi'
und unt frugibus inimicissimas. Id . Hic segetes .
veniunt, illio felicius uvas . Virg. I t is a lso sa id of land t illed and ready ,
to be sown . Illa seges votis d emum r espondet avari agricolae, bisquae solem, bis fr igora sensit. Virg. Figuratively Seges acmateria
glor iae. Cic . Segos ferrea telorum. Virg .— Me ssrs , ( frommetere )
a ha rvest or crop of r ipe corn. Messis p rop rie d icitur in iis qu e metuntur , max ime in frumento . Varr . Ruperunt li or rea messes. Virg .
Gravid is onerati messibus agri . Id . Figuratively Malorummessem
metere . Cic. Messem Syllani tempor is . Id . Tua messis in li ee
est, Ovid., Your hopes are but in the bud .
2213. Segregare . Seponer e. Semovere. Removere. Sej ungere.
SEGREGARE, (seorsim s. grege ) to take out of or separa te f rom the
fl och . Ovesque segr egatas osuend it p rocul. Ph aed . Figura tivelyS egregare pugnam. Liv. V irtutem segregate asummo b on o . C ic.
Te ob testatur ne abs te h anc segreges, neu d eseras . Ter. S egregasermonem, Plaut . , Prate to yourself — SEPONERE, (seorsim p on ere )to lay apart, to reserve. Cap tivam p ecun iam in md ificationem ej ust emp l i seposuit . Liv. fi gura tively Seponere s ib i tempus ad rem
aliquam. C ic . Seponend um ex tra certamen alterum consulatum,
ad quem p leb i sit aditus . LIV .— SEMO V ERE, (seorsimmovere ) to r e
move or put a side. Discipulum semid octum abs te semovcs. Plaut .
Qui anteavoce p raecon is aliber is semovebantur . Cic. Figura tively Semovend a est voluptas. Cic.
— REMO V ERE, ( retromovere ) toremove, to disp lace. Mensaeque remote . Virg . Removeat p i
'msid ia
ex iis l ocis quae o’
ccupavit. Cic. Figuratively Supplicium a se re
movere . Cic. Se apublicis negotiis removere. l d . Temp ore senmotum fuerit longéque remotum. Lucret. - SEJUNGERE, (seorsim
j ungere ) to disj o in , to separa te, to part or put asunder. Sej ungeretabulas. C0 1. fi gura tively Dummod c‘) tua calamitas aReipublica
p ericulo sej ungatur . Cic. Fortunarn n emo ab inconstantiasej unget .
‘
I d .
2214. Semen . Sententis . Seminar ium.
SEMEN , seed , corn or g ra in . Committere semina sulcis . Virg.
Pars autem‘
posito surgun t d e semine , ut altw castaneae. Id . Figu
r a tively Semen urban itatis . C ic . Semina vir tutum et igniculi . Id .
Flammee semina. Vi rg. Natura—3 sequitur semina quisque sum. Pro
p ert .— SEMENT I S , seed or sowing - time . Ut sementem feceris , ita et
metes. Cic. Figuratively Malorum facere sementim. Cic.— SE
M INA R IUM , (from semen ) a nursery . Quivineamvel arbustum con
stituere vole t, seminar ia p rius facere d ebebit. Cic. Figura tivelyPrincip iumurb is, et quas i seminar iumReip ublicae. Cic. Ex i llo fonteet seminari o tr iumph orum. Id .
2215. Semianimis . Seminar . Semivivas .
SEMIAN IMI S , h a lf - dead, in a swoon. Mediap rocubuit domo semi . .
an imis . Ovid . Semianimesvolvuntur equ i . Virg. Cfim semianimis d et emplo elatus esset. C . Nep .
— S smm sx , half - dead with h is wounds,h alf - sla in . Seminecem eum ad Cannas in acervo caesorum corp oruminventum Ann ibal d omum remiserat . Liv.
—SBMI V IVUS , half- a live,that has only h a lf the necessa ry strength : Parth i Sibulum semivivamr eliquerunt. Cic. Abj ecti h ominis et semivivi vox . Id . Figura tively :Semivivis mercatorumvocibus reqlamatum est. Cic. Semineces etsemian imes vix agere et mover i possunt ; semivivus ag it, ambulat,l oqui tur, sed timideet imbecilliter . G. D .
2216 . Semi/lama . Semivir .
SEMIH OMO , h a lf a man,w ho has hardly the external appea rance of
a man . Semih omo Cacus . Virg .- Semvm, efleminate. Errare ui
tam atrocem caed em p ertinere ad illos semiviros crederent. Liv.(
Ili a
nunc i lle Paris cum semiviro comitatu. Virg.
2221 . Sententiam dicere. Sententiamferre. Sententiamprananciar e.
SEN I EN T IAM'
means , to g ive one’
s op in ion, either in p riva te, or aocording to law . l n
'
* 1ibris sententiam dicebamus . Cic . Senten’
tiaml oco Praetor is dicere . Id .
— SEN TEN T IAM FERRE is always said of thed g e. Judices cum de te sententiam ferrent . Cic — SENTEN T IAM
PRONUNC IARE is only sa id of the ch id’
rnagistr a te. Sententiam de tr ibunali p r onuntiat. Cic. Figuratively . ZEquam sententiam pronunciab it rat i o . A fri end, aJudge, sententiam d icunt ; a j udge, sentent iam fert ; the ch ief mag istra te, sententiam p ronunciat. G. D
’2222. Separa tzm. Seor sitm.
SEPARATIM, om separate ) sepa rately ,in particular . Separa
ingularum c1vitatum cop ias collocaverat . Cass N ih il accidit eiseparat1m a ca ter is civibus . Cic.
— SEORSUM, ap art, in a sepa rateplace . Seorsurn arma ac tela seponebantur .
.
Cic. Seorsum a collega
puto mih i omnia paranda. Id . Separat1 rn' ts opposed to conj uncnm ,
and seorsum, to una, s imiliter, and they arevery prop erly used theone
f or the other.2223. S eptics. Septimitm.
SEPT IES , seven times. Sep tiés millies seste rt ium. Cic.— SEPT I
MUM , the seventh time . Cur Marius tam feliciter septimfim consuld omi sues senex est mo rtuus C 1C.
2224. Sep timus. Septenus. Septenar ius.
SEPT IMUS , the seventh . S eptima aastas . Virg. Septimus dies . Cic.
— SEPT BNUS , (J or belong ing to seven . Sep tenus numerus. C ic. Tet
s eptenis d iebus. Plin - SEPTENAR IUS , tha t has or con tains seven .
S ep tenarius ve rsus, C ic., A verse of sevenf eet
2225. Serenare. Tranquilla re.
SERENARE, ( from s ereans ) to make serene or calm. Vultu
caelum tempestatesque serenat .Virg. Figuratively . Consil iumv tu
tegit , ac spem fronte serenat . Virg.— TRANQU I LLARE, (quasi
quillum facere ) to make still or ca lm. Mare tranqu illare . Plin . Figu
r a tively: Quid puretranquillet b on os , an dulce lucellum. H o r . Jas
t it ia semp er alit al iquid quod tranquillet animos. Cic. Serenaremaybe opposed to Obd ucere ; and tranquillare , to p erturbare , agitare .Tranquillummare , serenam caelum. G . D .
2226. Serere. Semina r s . Plantare. Spargere.
SERERE , to saw to plant, is sa id of cor n and plants. Scrite b ordeacamp is. Virg . Sen t arb o res qua?alteri sa culo p rosint . Cic. Fig
-
ur a
tively: Civi les discordias serere . Liv. Certamina levia se rere . Id .
Crimina 1 11 senatum apud plebem se rere . ld .— Sem i na rs, to saw , or
put the seed i n theground. S eminare h o rdeum. Col. Semi11are agrum.
Id a— PLAN 1341 11 13, to p lant or set. 11 0 0 modo plantantur co ryl1 ,mal i ,&c. Plin. Plantantur
pun icee . Id . Pomegrana te- trees ar e p lanted.
S PARGERE , (from anetpw, e r na oxa ) to strew or th row about. S emenspargere C ic. Arenam sparge i e ped 1bus. V 1 rg Figura tively . V o
ces amb iguas spargere invulgus. Virg. Litteras sparsee h umans tatissale . Cic. Sparserat n omen vaga fama per urbes . Ovid .
O
2227. Sermocinar i. Colloqu i .
SERMOC I NAR I , (from sermo ) to talk , to discourse. In consuetu
dine scr ibend i aut sermocinand i. C ic.— COLLOQUI , (laqu i cum) to
talkwi th one,to parley, to speak together . Colloqu i cum aliquo per
litteras . Cic. H oc uno p reestamus vel max ime feris, quod colloqu imur inte r nos, et quod exp r imere dicendo sensa p ossumus . Id .
2228 . Sero . Lente . Tarde .
Sand , la te . Eloquentia serd prod iit in lucem. Cic.
l'
Demum serc‘)veneram. l d .
— LENTE, slowly, slackly . Lenteagere . Liv. Lenté
ferre inj urias , Id . , To bea r inj ur ies patiently.— TA RDE, slowly . Cit?)
asgr o tamus, tardé convalescirnus. Cic. Tarde percipere . Id . Seroopem fer imus aegr o , cum nulla sp es superest ; tarde convalescit quid id aegrotavit ; lente agere , aut p rudentiae aut ignavia indicium est.
G . D .
2229 . Servare. Asservare. Conservare. Custod ire . Salvare.SERV ARE
,to preserve or save . Me quidem certaservavit suis‘con
siliis . C ic. Fidem servare . Cass . An imi rectum servare . H or . Ser
vare ord inem:Liv.— AS SERVA RE, (se rvrvgre )ad ) to observe, to keep , to
watch what one does. Asservabo h ic qu1 rerum agat. Plaut. Assetvari eos j ube t p r ivatis custod iis . Cic. CumApp i i tabulae negligen
t ius asservates d icerentur . Id .- CONSERVARE, (se rvare cum) to pre
serve, to keep together . Si aliquis 1n mundo est, qu1
O
regat, qui gu
b ernet, qui conservet omn ia. Cic . Illius conservavi t pecuniam et
p atrimon ium. l d . Conservare aliquem ab omn i p ericulo . I d .— CUS
T OD IRE, to look to, to observe , to guard saf ely, to def end . Multorumtel ocul i auresqu
'
e Speculabuntur atque custodient. Cic. Juventust uum corpus d oinumque custod it . Id . Custod iebatur ut parricida.
I d . Custodire memoriae. Id . Custodire aliquem is to keep one, lesth e should run away , or in order to p rotect and def end h im but ser
vare aliquem s ignifies to save. to pr eserve one.- SALVARE and Salva
tor are not elegant La tin, and ar e seldom used by thewriters of th e Au"
gu'
stan age.
2230. Servator . Conservatoru Libe mtor . Soter .
SERV ATOR , a saviour , a p reserver . Cicero serr ator urb is . Cic.
Cunctis se1vatorem liberatoremque acclamantibus. Liv.— CONSERV ATOR , a defender, a protector. Custos et conservato r imperi i . Cic.
Mith r idatemconservato 1 em Asias nominab ant . Id .— LI B ERATOR , a
'
del iverer , a releaser . Servatorem liberatoremque acclamantibus . Liv.Sar an , from awrfi‘o ) says Cicero , is est nimirum qui
'
saluterrr dedit ,He tha t g ives hea lth or saf ety . Gramma rians oppoSe p erd itor to servator ; and deserto r to conservator.
2231 . Servilis. Famular is .
“
,Ss a e rs of or belong ing to bondage, slavi sh , servile. Indoles ser
vilis. Liv. Supp licio servili animadvertere. Id . Bellum servile . C ic.
—'
FAMULAR 15 , of or belonging to a servant. Se i n medi os immisith ostes famular i veste . Cic. Famular is illurn retinet manus . Ovid .
Turba famular is mensas instruit. Stat.
2232. Serus. Tardus.
Sxavs , late, tardy , coming la te. Sera gratulatio repreh end i non
s ole t, p raesertim si nullanegligentla p raetermissa est . Cic. Quid tamsera advenis Ter. Seri n ep otes, Virg. , Our remote posteri ty .
— TAR
D US , slow, dull , heavy in doing a th ing . Tard ior ad d iscend um, Cic.,
A stupid man that mahes no progress in learn ing . Seri stud io rum,
H or . , is sa id qf those who beg in their studiesvery la te . Tardus in co
g itand o. Cic. Res tard ior spe. Liv. Tardus may be opposed tovelox ;a nd se rus to tempestivus.
2233. Serva in esse. Servi re. Deservir e. Inservire.SERVUM ES SE , to be of a servile condition . Non en im ita d icunt
e os esse servos , sicut mancip ia, ques sunt d ominorum facta n exu .
Cic .— SERV I RE, to serve, to obey , to be under the control of a mas ter .
Uni domin o servire . Catul. He who is in service does not a lways belong to a servile condition . Figuratively Servi re existirnationi, Cic.,
To seek outf or esteem. Matrimon i o pue lles se rvire , Id . , To providea n establ ishmentf or one
’
s daugh ter. Tempor i servi re , Id ., To act ao
cording to circumstances .— DESERV 1 RE r ises
s e rvire ; to be ass iduous in service, constant in
qui quid‘
vis perpetiantur , cuivis d eserviant, dum, quod velint, consequantur . Cic. Li kewi se in thefigura tive sense : Officia mea, operas,vigiliae, d eserviunt amicis, et p razstd sunt omnibus. Cic.
'
Indulg evaletud ini tuae, cui quidem tu adh uc, (lummih i d eservis, servisti nons at is . Id .
— INSERV 1RE, to do servi ce to one,to mind and take ca re of
a th ing . A quo en im p lurimum sperant, ei po tissimum inserviunt .C ic. Inservire commun i commodo . Id . V aletud o tua me vald ésollicitat, sed inservi, et fac omn ia. Id . Servi would be less express ive. Famulus domin o servi t ; avarus cuivis d eservit, dum d itescat ;amicus amico inservit. G . D.
2234. Servus d manu . Servus ad manum.
SERVUS A MANU, a secretary . Th allo amanu, qu i d pro ep istola
p rod ita d enar ios quingentos accep isset, crura efl'
regit. Suet.— SERVUS AD MANUM may be sa id (f a secretary , or of a slave a lways inreadiness to execute h is master
’
s commands. Quem servum s ib i il le h abuit ad manum. Cic.
2235. Servus d pedibus. Servus ad pedes.
SERVUS A PED I BUS,a messenger , one who goes on errandsj b r his
master . Pollucem servum a p edibus meum Homam misi . Cic.
SERVUS AD PED ES was he who wa ited on h is master at table . S e rvusqui ccenanti ad pedes steterat. Sen.
2236 . Sestertius.’ Sestertium.
S s sr s n ’
rms was the sma ll sesterce, inva lue thefour th part of a a'
e
n ier, or two asses and a half , i . e . two pounds and a ha lf of brass co in.
I t has been (f a grea ter or smaller va lue.— SESTERT IUM was the grea tses terce, in value a thousand times the sestertius . Wh en the quantity ofsesterces is expressed by the s imp le numer ica l name, the sester tium
aor
grea t sesterce , is intended, and mille is a lways understood thus milleseste rt ia is a thousand times a thousand, or a mill ion of small sesterces.
s ignificasse atque annuissevisus'
est. Cic.—DECLARARE, to decla re,
to sh ow clea rly. H oc seepius d icend um, tibique non significand ums olum, sed etiamdeclarandumarbitro r . Cic. Luculentam plagam ao
cep it, ut d eclarat cicatrix . l d .— MON STRARE , to sh ow, to p oint out.
Digito'
ind ice monstrat. H or . Ut si caecus i te r monstrat e velit. Id .
— IND ICARE, (f rom index ) to indicate, to p rocla im. Rem omnemindicavit puer . Cic. Vultus ind icat mores. Id . Indica minimd daturus qui sis, Ter ., Tell me the lowest p r ice.
2243. S ignificatio. I nd icium. Vestig ium.
S IGN IFI CAT IO, (s ignum facere ) a si n or token . Ignibus significa
tionem facere . Cass. Uno nunci o , unalitterarum significatione. Cic.
G estus sententiam non d emonstratione, sed significatione d eclarans.
l d .— IND IC I UM , (f rom index ) a sign , a ma rk. Monumentum p os i
tum, ut esset indicium oppressi Senatus . Cic. Doloris p ressentis iad icium. Id .
— VEST IG I UM isp rop erly af ootste Vestigium imp rimere .C ic . I t is sa id of the p a rt of thef oot thatmak
lds an imp ression or trace.V estigia
‘
pr imi alba p edis. V i rg. Figuratively Indicia etvestig iaven eni . Cic. Memoria est signatai
'
um re turn in mente vestigia. Id .
2244. S ignum. Sig illum.
S IGNUM (synonymous with s igillum) is af igure in r elieve, a statue.Asper is sign is p ocula. V irg. Factum de marmore S ignum.
— S IGN .
LUM, (d iminutive of signum) a little image g raven o r molten . App o
suit patellam,in qua sigilla erant egregia. Cic. I n the same sense it is
sa id of a seal, on account of the engravin S igilla nunul o imp ressa.
C ic. S ignum is likewise said of a seal. lgon utar meo ch irograph o ,n eque signo . Cic.
2245. S ignum. Insigne. Sp ecimen .
S IGNUM , (synan mous with the oth ers ) a sign , a ma rk . Bj us color
p ud oris signum in icat. Tet . Morborum causm et s igna. Virg. S igna dolorisvultu ostendere . Cic.
— INS IGNE, (f rom in and signum) a
p a rticula r ma rk . Insigniavi rtutis multi e tiam sine virtute assecuti
sunt. Cic. Sed ebat cum purpuraet scep tro , et insi nibus illis regiis .
I d . Our word Ensign is d er ived f rom insigne . PEC IMEN , (f romsp eci es ) an ima e, examp le, s ecimen ,p attern. Prud entiae sp ecimenS caevola. Cic. gopularis judici i sp ecimen. Id . Unicum antiquitatis
sp ecimen , Tac., The only image of antiguity. Specimen natures capid eb et ex op timaquéque natura. Cic.
2246. Signum. Vexillum.
S IGNUM , signifying an ensign o r standa rd , was a long p ike, a t thetap of wh ich a small boa rd wasfi xed , on wh ich was the name of theg zment or legion that f ollowed . Coh ortis p rimae, coh or tis secundas,&c. conven i re ad s igna j ubentur . Cms. Militare sub signis. Liv. In .
ferre signa. Id .- VEXILLUM , (diminutive of velum) a stand a rd ,
flag . was a small banner whereon the image of the Caesa rs , and
name of the emp ero r, wer e rep resented in gold or: silver. Nomenqueej us vex illis omnibus s ine morainscr ipserunt. Suet. Convellere vexil la. Tac. Vex illum p goponend um, quod erat insigne , cum ad aimaconcurri Oporteret. Cws. Inter signamilitaria atquevex illa. Suet.
51
A
S ilentium. Taciturnitas.
S ILENT I UM , (f rom silere ) silence , secrecy . Alti atque egi egu s1
lentu h omo H or . S ilent i o p ra termittere. C ic. Figuratively . S ilent ium n octis ,‘ Liv. , The dead of the n ight. Per am1oa silentia lunae.
V irg.—TAC I TURN I TAS, (f ro mtacere ) an inclination to, or obstinacy
in , silence , taciturnity . Nosti h ominis taciturnitatem et tard itatem.
Cic. Suspicionemmih i maj orem tua taciturn itas attulerat. Id . Taciturnitatem interdumeloquentia potiorem esse . Id .
2248 . S ilvestr is. S ilvosus .
S ILV ESTR I S , of a wood orf orest, bred in the country , wild , sava e.
Agrum silvestrem mitigat flammis. H or . H omines silvestres. d.
Materia silvestris. Cic. Tecta silvestr ia. Id . Tumulus silvestris . Id .
— S ILV OSUS , woody , abundant in woods. Saltus duo alti silvosiquesunt, montibus Ci rca se perpetuis j uncti. Liv.
2249 . Similis alicuj us . S imilis alicui .S I M IL I S (with a genitive case ) is more generally used in a moral
sense . Sp es tamemuna est, aliquand o Populum RomanumMaj orumsimilem fore. Cic. Vita iste omn ium perd itorum ita s imilis, ut essetfacile teterr imus. With a dative, it better app lies _
to p hysical obj ects .
O s h umerosque Deo s imilis . Virg. Puroque simil‘limus amn i. H or .
Cicer o says veri s imilia ; and Qu intilianvero - s imilia.
2250. S imp licitas . Cand or .S IMPLIC I TA S (quas i s ine plicis ) is sa id of a th ing that i s not schemed ,
s imp licity , ingenuity . Nuda simplicitas. Ovid . Fabularum convivial ium simplicitas. Tac.
— CANDOR ,p rop erly , sh inin wh iteness. Candorn iveus. V irg.
— Lactea via candore notabilis. gvid . Figurativelycand our , ap r i h tness. Candor an imi . Cic. S ivestrummeru1 candorefavorem. Ovi .
2251 S imul . Una.
S IMUL , at the same time . Duas res simul ageremih i decretum est.
Cic. I t is very well used with a d ative case . Hypmpeni, Trai lianiqueLaod iceniis ac Magnet ibus simul transmissi. Tac. I t also sigu i es,as soon as . At s imul inflavit tybicen, a p erito carmen agnosc1tur .C1c.
— UNA , in com any with . Ph ilosoph ar i una cum al iquo . Cic. I t
would be p rop erly sa id : Amb os una necavit, non tamen simul exp ir arunt. G . D . Writers have often used them p romiscuously .
2252. S imulach rum. Edfigies . Imago . Statua .
S IMULACH RUM, (f romsimilis) a p ortra it, is only or resemblanceand likeness . Statute et imagines non animorum sim
yach ra, sed cor
p orum. Cic. S imulach ra libertatis , Tac. , Shad ows of liberty.- EF
FIGIES , (f rom effingere ) an efli , takes the p lace of the th ing itsefEffigies
'
simulach rumqueMith ri at is . Cic. I t i s not said of p ainting .
Efligies Neronis ad informe ms 1iquefacta . Tac. Figuratively . Ad
effigiem justi imp eri i , Cic . , T0 g ive an id ea of a j ust government. Effigies h uman itatis et p robitatis patris, filius. Id .
— IMAGO , an ima e,merely rep resents the id ea of a th ing : i t is sa id ofp ainting and of scuture . Ages ilaus n eque fictam neque pictam imagmempassu
s est . ClC.
Envob is, 111qu1t j uvenemfilium tenens, efligiem atque imaginemej us.2 L 2
Id . FigurativelyeImagine pacis d ecep tus, Tac Lulled by the up:
p earancesJof a sincere p eace . Imaginem Reipublicaa nullam t elin
quunt . Cic .— STA TUA , (f rom stare ) a statue
,i s afigure in relieves
rep resenti ng thefigure and body but imago rep resents onl the figure,and is only said 0 .God and man . Statua
'
equestris.Cic. Ingago equestris would be b Latin .
2253. S imula re . Dissimula re.S IMULARE, t0make as if a th in was
,wh ich is not. Simulat e
Cic., To shamsickness. Sp ew vulgtu simulat, Virg . ,
fof confi d ence .— D l s
xmulat me tum, H or . , H e conceals h isf ea rs. Nec quidquam simulabit,aut d issimulabitvir b onus . Cic. Cat ilina cuj uslibet re i s imulat or acdi ss imulator. Sall . Simulamus quae non sunt ; dissimulamus quasunt. .G. D .
2254. S ingulatim. S ing illatim. S igilla tim. S ingula r iter .
TBR, singula rly, above all others
gulariter . Quint . Quem ego in raeturameas ingCic.
2255. S ingali . Universi .
S i nanLI , one by one, one af ter another.— UN 1vnnsx, all togetherand in g eneral , all with out excep tion . Dum singuli p ugnant, un iversivincuntur ,Tac.,Fight ing only one after another, they are all conqueredin the
‘
end . Qua: si s ingula vos fortenon movent, un iversamen inter se conj uncta atque connexamove re d ebebunt . Cic. Dseparatim ab universis singulos d iligit . Id .
2256 . S ingultus . Susp ir ium.
S I NGULTUS, a sobbing, f requent sobs accomp an ied with intermp ted
utterance of the voice . Flens cum singul tu. Cic. S ingultu medi os"
p r seped iente son os . Ovid — Suspmwm, a sigh , accomp anied withs hor t and dgfilcult breath ing, caused' often by some passi on , such as by
Ducere suspi r ia ab 1mo p ectore . Ovid . Quem nemoaspicere s ine susp irio p osset . C10 .
2257. S inistrz’ . S inistror szim.
S IN I S '
I’
BE, p rop erly ; on the
n
l
fft -hand side . I t is onl
yzused in the
ufigurat ive sense , awkwa rd ly , u ckily, unfortunately . xcep tus si
mstr é . H or . Caed es sinistré acce ta . Tac— S i uxs r uo nsvs1 o r Smi
S T RORSU S , towa rd o r on the lef t and sid e . I t is only used in thep r o
p er sens e . Ill e sinistrorsum, h ic dextro rsumab it . Hor . Hinc se flec
tit sinistrorsus. Ca s .
2258 . S inus . Gremium.
8 1 11 0 8 , t bosom, all with in the compass of the breast and a rms ,.
all
above the gi rdle . Povere d extram s inu . Ov1d . Figu ratively:In emu
gandere . Cic. Columniatores d e sinu suo apposuit , Id . Lazsar mih i
s ociorum.
-Id - P.f£ non (f romnaig, a ch ild ) is p rop erly the th of
child ren : it is used in u mare encrai sense . Barba aed ore orrida.
C1c. Obsitus paed ore. Sen . LLUV IES , (f rom non avare ) uncleanopp osed to cultus Cultus ex illuvie corp ora vari e move
bat. L1v. Ablue corpus i lluvi e aeternisque sord ibus squalid um. Q .
Curti— FJECES , and sometimesm , d regs o r lees of wine, the settleof any liquor. Difi
'
ugiunt'
cad is cum fence siccatis amici . H or .
Perunct l faecibus ora, Id . , as actors d id i n ancient t imes . Figurative
ly: Faex
.p opuli , Cic., The mob, the ba ser sort of a town . Apud sor
em urb1s et fazcem. Id .
2263. Saccus . Cothurnus .
3 0 00 0 5 , a kind of sh oe worn by the Roman women , lower than th ose"Bf men . Mul i eb ris s occus . Sue t. Cicero up bra ids a consula r nobleman j b r us ing th is sort of sh oe. Consular is h omo soccos h abuit .
COTHURNUS , (uo'
60prog) a kind of buskin used byhunters, with a h ighh eel to it. Si coth urn i laus illa esset ad p edem ap té
'
convenire . Ci c.
S occus was used by acto rs in comed ies and coth urnus in tragedies .
Nec commd ia in coth urnos assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socco ia
gred i tur . Qumt.
2264. S ocietas. Sod alitas . Sodalitium.
SOC I ETAS , society . C oire societatem salutis et per iculi. Cic. Ge
rere societatem magmafide. Id . Tu d issipato s h omines in societatem
vita convocasti . Id .— SODALI TA S , af ellowsh ip or club , a comp any of
'
men in a j estival, af raternity , a broth erh ood . Pastor itia et agrestis sodalitas . Cic. Me Qumstore sod alitates constitutas sunt. l d .
— SODAL IT iUM , the assembly itself of th ose p eop le. Ven it in sedes quasdam, in
quibus sodalitium erat eo d ie futurum. Cic. Lex Licin ia de sodalis iis . Id .
2265. Socius . Socialis. Sociabilis .
S OC IUS , (an adj ect ive) allied, associated . Urb e socia So
o
cia agmina. Id . Figur atively: N octe soc1a, adh ortante 11b 1d 1ne . C lC.
— SOC IALI S , of or belong ing to al lies or confi der ates: S ocial e b ellum.
Liv. Socialis equitatus , Id . , The cavalry (y'the alli es . Beneficmm
d are , socialis res est ; sib i benefacere, socialis res non est . Sen . So
ciales ann i , Ovi d The yea rs sp ent in the ma rr iage- state . - SO CM B I
L I S, sociable. Sociabilis consor t io , Liv. , Un ion, good und erstand ing .
Gens indomita et insociab ilis . Id .
2266. Sol . Ti tan . Phcebus. Hyp er ion .
SOL, the sun . Sol d ictus est, vel quia solus ex omn ibus sideribustantus est ; vel qu ia, cum exor tus est, obscuratis caeten s s 1der 1bus
solus apparet. Cic. I t migh t be as natural,
to der ive Sol f rom eskug,
Sp lend our, l ight, as to der ive lunaf r om a sk/pin. Sol qu1 astrorum oh
tmet p r incipatum TITAN , the son of Cevlus and Vesta o r Tellus , and the elder broth er of Saturn . Poets have taken Ti tanf or j heSun h imself: Quemnunc purpure o vestivit lumine Ti tan . Ov1d . Ubi
p rimos crastinus o r tus ex tuler it Titan, rad iisque retexen t orh em.
Virg .— PH cEBUS , (Qoi f og, that enligh tens every th i ng ) the sun . the
ligh t. I t is sa id of the sun only in p oetry . Red iens ingat astra Plimbus. H or .
— H YPER I ON , ('
Tnepiwr thef ather of the Sun , oneat tah'
s
sons. Placet equo Persis radiis yperiona cinctum. Ovid .
51
2267. Solere. Suescere. Assuescere. Consuescere. Insuescere.
SOLERE , to be accustomed or wont, to use. Ne faceres quodvuls servorum solet. Ten— Svnscnan, to contract or get the customty
“,
be wont. Suetus latrociniis. Sall. Drusus in Illyricummissus est,suescéret militia . Cic.
— AS SUESCERE, (suescere ad ) to habituateto. Ego servo , et servabo , sic en im assuevi, Platonis ve
lomedCon
RE, (suescere in) to tra in up , or tone
'
s self to. Insuescere fru i partaV ictoria. Liv. I t is used aoInsuevit pater optimus h oc me, ut fugerem. H or. Insuetus
a lso used in themean ing of non suetus. Insuetum iter. Virg . In
stus labor is. Ca s. Insuetus vera audire . Liv.
2268 . Sol itar ius. Solivagus.
SOL ITARIUS , (f rom solus ) solitary , retired . Solitari o h om1n1 , ato vitam agent i . Cic. Natura solitar ium n ih il amat, semaliquid , tanquam adminiculum annititur . l d .
— SOL I VAeing com
quasdamo tes , partim solivagas, partimcongregatas . Cic. Figuraivaga cognitio , Cic. , An uncerta in science.
2269 . Solium. Tribunal.
SOL IUM, (f r om solum) a throne, a royal seat. Subl ime solium.
irg. Regale s olium. Id . It was a lso a vessel to wash or bathe in.
avanti reg i di citur nunciatum h ostes adesse ; quo nunci o cum pad us ex iluisset é soli o . Liv.— TR IBUNAL , a tribunal, anyj udgement
sella et tribunal i p ronunciat. Cic.
2270. Sollicitare. .lnquietare.
to disquiet, to trouble, to disturb, (both in the prop ere ) . Arou sollicitare feras . Ovid ; H umum ferro
Sollicitare pacem,
0 muchf ood creates sickness in the stomach — IN QU IE
(non guies ) to harass, molest, or disturb. Umbris inqui etat i .S uet. V ictor iam inquietare , Tac., To disturb a victory . Ne quemoificii causa inquietaret. Sue t.
2271 . Salvere. Persolvere. Luere. Per luer e.
SOLVERE , properly , to unloose, to untie Omne colligatum solvip otest. C ic. S olvant astip ite fumem. Ovid. Figura tively Solverealiquem legibus . Cic. Fra num p ristinum solvit licentia. Ph a d. As
debts ar e a kind of tie, solvere is used to express paying . Solvere pecuniam. Liv. Patern o funer i j usta solvere . Cic.
— PERSOLV ERE is
only usedfiguratively, to pay thorough ly . Stip endiummilitibus p ersolutum. Cic. Persolvi gratia non p otest nec malo patri , Quint., I t isimp ossible to prove one
’
s-seygrattj ul enough to a fa ther, even to a bad
one. Tantumme tib i debere ex istimo , quantum persolvere d ifiicileest. Cic. Persolvere has another sense, To solve a
inestion, an argument.— LUERE, f romAdar) to purge or washuere‘
maculas sanguine . Cic. llatum stup rum voluntariamorteluit Lucret ia. ld . Figuratively Coacti luere p eccata sua. Liv. ZEsalienum luere. Q . Curt . Debts ar e a sla in.
— PERLUERE, to wash a ll
over, to makevery clean by wash ing. EEd em perluunt. Plin . Sudor
p erluit o ra. Petron . Artus perluit fonte. Ovid . G eli dacum perluor undfi. Hor .
2272. Solus . Unus. Unicus.
SOLUS , alone, only, solita ry . T. G racch us solus ex illo collegi o .
Cic. S olus errabat m littore Pompeius. Id . Unus would not begood.
0 11 111 in locis solis e rrares . Id .— UNUS , one only ,
one a lone. Eflicere
p en e unum ex d uobus. C ic . Una voce . l d . Ex tot bellatoribus,unus fuit qui rem aggred ere tur . l d -UN ICUS , no more than one, sole .
Un icum solatium 1n malis. Cic. Qua tanta vitia fuer int ex nnico
filio . Id . S olus, s ine comi te ; unus, in itiummulto rum. G.D . A th ingis unica, wh en there is no other if the same kind , sola, when not ac
compan ied. Wha t is un icum is sca rce it is wear isome to be continua lly solus.
2273. Somniculosus. Somn iosus . Sop itas .
SOMN ICULOSUS , (f rom somnus ) sleepy , drowsy . Qua vitia suntnon senectutis, sed iner tis, ignava , son 1niculosa senectutis . Cic.
Somni o sus ,full of d reams, troubled with dreams . Somniosos fier ilep ore sumpto in cib is. Plin.
— SOP I TUS , brbugh t or la id to sleep , soundasleep . Sop itosvigiles in cub iculis su is obtruncat. Liv. Pe rp etualebr ietate S opit i . Sen . Figuratively : Sub ito ictu sop itus . Liv. S op itos suscitat ignes. Virg. S op ita manus, Ovid , Benumbed hands.
2274. Somnus. Sopor . Samnium. lnsomn ium.
SOMNUS , sleep . Perfugium omnium laborum et sollicitud inumsomnus . Cic. Mor tis 1mago et simulach run1 , somnus. Id . Ferreus
somnus, Virg . , Death . Per Italiam somno et luxu p udendus nic esserat. Tac — SOPOR , a sound, deep , or dead sleep , [the that of a man
in l iquor or tired. Gravi tate sopor is p ressus. Ovid . Huj us seminesomnum alicui, sed modum servand um, ne sop or fiat. Plin . F1
'
gura
tively: N ol i n ob is languo rem et 50p oren1 exp robrare. Cic.— SOM
N IUM and INSOMN IUM , (quas i in somn o ) a d ream, a vision in one’
s
sleep . Falsa somnia . Virg . Ha cmetno equidemne s int insomn ia.Cic.
2275. Sonoras . Sonabilis.
SONORUS , (f rom s ob us )making a great no ise, sbnor ous. Fluminason ora. V irg. lEre sonoro . l d .
— SONAB I LI S , tha t sounds loud. So ~
nab 1le sistrum. Ovid .
Sonus. Sonor. Sonitus . Fragor.SON US is properly sa id of the sound of thevo ice, and of instruments .
Sonus voe is . Cic.
yElicere sonum nervorum 1d . It isverywell sa id
of sound ingenera l. Aures cam sonum reé ipere d ebeant, qui natura
in subl ime es tur . C ic.—SONOR is the same, except that it is used onl
in poetry . S onorem dant s ilva . Virg. S ava sono r ibus arma. I .
a sound, a great noise. Dum flammes Jovis, et sonitus
b rem ducere d ebemus, d ign itatemvi rilem. Id . Pulch ritudo corp orisap ta compositione membrorum movet oculos . Id . FigurativelyQuis non miretur splendorem pulch r itud inemque vi rtutis ? Cic.
V ENUSTA S , gracef ulness, comel iness. Ex Ven ere venustas dicta est .
C ic. Venustas et pulch r itud o corp oris secerni non p otest avaletudine . Id . Figura tively: Festivitas etvenustas d icend i. Cic.
— Fon
Iii o sn '
A s, (f rom forma ) handsomeness, cha rming countenance. Dec or um p ositum est in tribus rebus, formositate, ord ine , o runtu ad ac
t ionem ap to . Cic.
2282. Spectaculnm. Spectatio.
SPECTACULUM, from the obsolete word Sp icere ) a thing to be seena nd looked on, a spectacle . Circuitus s olis et lunae h omin ibus p rwbentspectaculum. Cic.
— Rerumcmlestium'
spectaculum ad h ominem so
lum per tinet. Id . It is a lso sa id of public s ights or shows, and even of
the boxes or p laces where the specta tors sat. Spectacula data sunt. Cic.
Lud is et spectaculis teneri . Id . Excitatus est plausus ex omnibusspectaculis. Id . Loca divisa Patr ibus Equitibusque, ubi spectaculas ib i quisque faceret, fori app ellati . Liv.— SPECTA r 1 0 , a viewing orbehold ing . Ded uctiones fiebant p r o spectatione et collybo . Cic.
Spectatio pecun iee, Cic., Examination of the goodness of money, thetry ing of a co in.
2283. Sp ectare. Specula r i . Contemplar i . Consid era re .
SPECTARE, [requentative of the obsolete word spiéere ) to look upon,to lookf or some time, and without interruption. Spectatumveniunt,spectentur ut ipsae, Ovid . , speak ing of women that go to the p lay.
H ere , me me spectes, me impulsore h aec non fecit . Ter. Figura tively In judice Spectar i et fortuna debet et dign itas . Cic. H oc sp ectant leges, h ocvolunt, incolumem civium conj 11nctionem. l d . Ad te
unummea spectat o rati o . Id . Ad gl oriam suam sp ectat e . l d .— SPE
C ULARI , from sp ecula ) to watch , to observe, to descry , to take a viewof.
‘
Ex edito quidam speculantur . Plin. S ignorum Obitus Sp eculamur et or tus , Virg. Figura tively : Acriter Speculari od ensas p rincipum. TaC .
— CON TEMPLA R I , (f rom templum, a quarter of the heavens wh ich in augur ies was ma rked out with the lituus ) to look wistly ,to gaz e upon. Oculis contemplari cmli p ulch r itud inem. Cic. Animoc ontemp lare quod ocul is non p otes . l d .
— CO N smERARE, (f rom si
d us ) p rop erly , to cons ider the sta rs . I lle ai t considerare sevelle . Cic.
to view and behold heedfully . C oram cons iderare al iqu id .
Cic. C onsiderare quid agendum sit . Id . V ideas e t iam atque et iam,
et considera quid agas . Cic. Est an imorum ingeniorumque quodd am quas i pabulum, consideratio contemplatioque naturae. Id .
2284 . Spectatus. Spectabil is. Spectativus .
S PECTATUS , noted, well tried, app roved. Spectatus et cogn itus in
rebus j ud icand is . Cic. Fortes et spectati vi ri . Id . Medicus ignobil is, sed spectatus . Id . Virtus spectata b elli d omigue . l d .
— SPECTA
B I L I S , tha t may be seen or beho lden. Campus spectab ilis und ique.
C ic. fi guratively Victoria pulch ra et sp ectab ilis, Cic . , A brill iantvictory .
— S 1>ncr A r 1vus , specula tive, contemp lative. Ut illa sit sp ectativae partis , h aze active . Quint.
523
2285.
° Specula; Speculum. Specular ium.
SPECULA , (f rom the obsolete wor d sp icere ) a prospectf r om themit of p lace, wherein th ings are esp ied afa r qfi
'
and
num j uam n ostra d emum
memon e p rodusse scimus , ut specular iorumusum, permittente testa,clarum transmittentium lumen . Sen .
2286 . Sperare. Confi der e.
SPERARE, (f romsp es ) to hop e . Grata superven iet, quee non spe
r ab itur , h ora. H OL— CONF I DERE , (f rom cum and fides ) to hopewith confi dence, to put one
’
s trust in. Ego et speraram p rud entié. tue‘
i
fretus ct ut confiderem fecerunt tuze gratissimae mih i li tterae. C ic.
2287. Spes. Expectatio.
F'SPES , a look ing-j ar any th ing good or bad , but moref r equently in a
good sense. S i sp es est expectatio b on i , mali expectationem essemetum necesse est. Cic. Per tenuis sp es ostend itur . Id . A spe malorum ad mearum rerum laudem conver tissem. l d .
— EXPECTAT IO ,
a more certa in expecta tion of either good or evil. Expectatio b on i . Cic.
Expectatio mali. Id . Pra ter itorum record atio est acerba, et acerbiorexpectatio futurorum. Id . Expectatio , according to Gramma r ians,est rerum p ropinquarum ; Sp es incer tarum et longinquarum.
2288 . Sp ina . Sp inus .
' SPINA , a thorn, a p r ickle . Consertum tegmen spinis. Virg. Ani
mantes al imvillis vestitae, alia spinis h irsutae.‘Cic.} It is sa id of the
ch ine bone of the back . Leutze sp inae curvamen . Ovid . FigurativelyPe ripatetici sp inas par tiend i et d efiniend i p rwtermittunt. Cic. Qu idte ex emp ta j uvat Sp in is
’
d e pluribus una H or . , t a t use is it to yon,to . have conquered one pass ion , if yozt are sti ll a .
slave to many others— SPI NUS , a sloe- tree. Ed uramque p iram, et sp inos j am p runa ferentes. Virg .
2289 . Sp ineus. Sp inosus .
“
SPIN nUs , of or belong ing to thorns. Taeda spmea. Catul.Bacu
lumque cap it, quem sp inea to rtum vincula cingebant . OV1d .—SP1
n o sus , full of thor ns or p rickles. Jugum sp inosum. PrOper t. Sp 1
sa lo ca. Var r . Figuratively Sp in osa quaedam et exilis orati o ,C ic. , A rough and unp olished discourse. Dialectici sp inoswra multa
pepererunt. Id .
9290. Sp irabilis. Flabilis.
SPI RAB ILI S , (from sp irare ) tha t wh ich we breathe or canbreathe.Per superos atque h oc coeli sp i rab ile lumen . Virg. Hmc animal1s Sp l
rabilisque natura, cui nomenl
estf ae'
tj . Cic.— FLAB ILI s , (f rom flare
.)
tha t may beblown ,easily blown , a e
'r ial. N ih il in animi s est ne h um1du1n qu idem, aut flab ile , aut igneum. Cic.
229 1 . Sponsio. Pactio .‘
Faedus.
SPON S IO , Pacti o , Fa dus , were the th ree different ways wherebyf oreign peop le entered into ag reement with the Romans. Sponsio didnot requi re the consent either of the senate or th e people. Th e consent ofthe genera ls and contracting pa rtieswere suflicient. In th ismanner wasconcluded the peace of the Fa rete Caud ince . Ita, non , ut vulgd cre
dunt, foedere pax Caudina, sed sponsione facta est. Liv. Th at peacewas cons idered as null and vo id. Sponsio signifies also a wag er . Sp ons i one lacessere, Cic. , To p ropose to lay a wager.— PACT 1 0 was a so
lemn covenant. -Fc1:nu s , a public treaty. Consules p rofecti ad Pon
t ium in colloquium cum d c fa derevictor agitaret, negarunt inj ussu
p opul i fa dus fier i p osse , nec sine fecialibus ca remoniaque aha pub
l ica. Liv. Fa dus j ussu p opuli , atque Senatus auctor itate per fecialemsacerd o temsolemni ritu fer iebatur ; Pactio , conventiOpaciscend aamicitia
’
et soci eta tis causa certis cond itionibus‘
fi rmata ; Sponsio smagistratibus et imperator ibus inj ussu p opuli fiebat, atque d editionecorum per quos facta esset . G. D .
2292. S tamen. Subtemen.
STAMEN , ( from stare ) a weaver’
s warp .— SUBTEMEN , (quas i sub
stamen ) the th rea d i ii weaving ca lled the wory’
. Tela jugo j uncta est,stamen s
'
ecernit arundo , inseritur med ium radiis subtemen acutis ,quod d igit i exped iunt, atque inter stamina d uctum percusso fer iun tinserti p ect ine dentes . Ovid . Sub temen stamini insertum. Sen . Sta
mina is sa id (Jthe str ings of an instrument. Sollicitat stamina docto
p ollice . Ovid.
2293. Stata r ius. Stativus .
STATARIUS , from stare ) tha t keeps in h is post. Statera mili tes,Soldiers keep ing their g round, ga rrison soldiers. Statar ius uterque
miles ordines servans. Liv. Statarius orator, Cic. , A quiet and calmorator. Volo enim, ut in scene, sic etiam in for o non modo laudari,qui celeri motu et diffi cili utantur , sed eos e tiam, quos statarios app ellant , qu orum s it s implex in agend a veritas , non molesta . Cic.
Stataria fabula , Ter . , Quiet plays, without any passionate pa rt inthem. Adeste an imo , mih i statar ium agere ut liceat per s ilentium,
ne semp e r servus currens , iratus senex . ass idueagendi sint mihiclamore summo , cum lab ore max imo . l d .
— STAr xvus , fixed, set,
stable . S tativa aqua , Var . , S tanding wa ters . S tativa castra. Cic.
Ha c met! cus tod ia est , h oc pra sidium stativum. Id .
2294 . Static. Vig i l ia. Excubiaz.
STA '
r to , (f romstare ) a post or station, aguard- house, a sentry . D is
p onere stationes . Ca s . Commun i p ortam statione tenebant.Virg. Hi
qui in p ortis castrorum in statione erant . Ca s .- VIG IL 1A , a watch , or
f ourth part of the n ight . TheRoma ns divided the n igh t i ntofour wa tches ,th ree h ours each . l st
,f rom six to n ine o'clock 2d ,f r orn n ine to twelvea t n ight 3d ,f r om twelve a t n igh t to th ree o
'
clock in the morn ing ; andthe4th , f rom three to six . Hence we (fl ea read in La tin authors, p rima,secunda, tert ia, quartavigilia. Vigilia, esp ecia lly in theplur al number , is sa id of the n igh t wa tch , as stati o is sa id of the guard in the dayt ime. Minus intenta in custodiam urb is diurna stationes, ac noc
2300. Stipular i . Res tipular i.
ST I PULARI , (f rom stipula, stubble, a str aw) the first stipula tionswere made by shepherds . he who was stipula ting held in h is hand astraw to represent the g round he cla imed or wanted to mortgage. Sti
pulari sign ifies to stipula te, to make a ba rga in by ask ing or Qfi'
er ing.
’
S tipulatus es , ubi ? quo die quo temp ore . quo p ra sente f‘ quis
spopondi sse me dicit .9 Nemo . C ic. Pra tor ia lex vetat mi norem
quinque et viginti ann is stipulari. Suet. -REST IPULAR I , to enga g emutua lly , to e nter into a mutual covenant . Valerius sponsione Luc
ta tium p rovocavit . nec d ubitavit restipular i Luctatius. Liv. Curigitur d ecid it, et non restipulatur . Cic.
230 1 . Stomachar i . 1 r asci . Succenser e.
STOMACH AR I, (f rom stomach us ) to be in a g reat fume, to behighly di sp leased, and vent one s pass ion by words . Amar iorem mesenectus facit, stomacl1o r omnia . Cic. Et p rave sectum stomach er is ob unguem. H or .
— IRA SC 1 , to put one'
s self in a pass ion, to be
angry . Si irascamur intemp estive adeuntibus. Cic. Sa p ius videbam cum ir r id entern , tum irascentem, etiam stomach antem Ph ilip .
p um. Id . Nostramvicem ne irascar is , Liv. Do not gr ieve at ourcase. -S ccce1~z s 1za n (censere sub ) expresses less than the above to
be displeased or vexed at, to take i ll of. Dii h ominibus iras ci, et succensere consueverunt . Cic. Succensere i s p roperly sa id pf a f r iendtha t believes h imself inj ured. Nec tamea irascor , quis enim succen
set amanti . Ovid .
2302. Stomachosns . I racundas.
STOMACH O SUS , fretful, peevish , stomachful. Qud tendis lavastomach osus h ab ena dicet eques , H or . Where are you go ing 1
’ the
ang ry horseman will say, in drawing up the tr id le of h is ho rse. It alsos ignifies sa id or done in a passion. Stomach osiores li ttera , Cic.
Letters wri tten in ra ther an ang ry tone. Stomacbosa et quas i submo rosa r id icula.
— IRACUNDUS , soon angry , i rascible, inclined to anger.Mo ros i , anx ii , iracund i senes . Cic. Quomodo si naturalis esset i ra,alius al i o magis iracund us esset .
9 Id . Iracund i leones . Ovi d. Pi
guratively: I racunda fulmina. Ho r .
2303. Stramentum. Pa lea .
STRAMENTUM, (f rom sternere , stravi, stratum) wheat straw.
Desectam cum stramento segetem fud ere in Tiber im. Liv. S tramentis incubat. H o r . S tramen is the same . but only used in p oetry.
Contex ta stramine casa . Ovid . H 1c Juvenem agresti sublimem 1 11
stramine ponunt. Virg — PAL 8 A , the chaj'
. Surgentem ad z epbyr um palea j actentur inanes. Virg . Auri navem ever tat
Ogubernator ,
an p alea , in re aliquantum, in gubernato r is inscitian 1 il inte rest.Cic.
2301 . S tr ictim. Stricté.
ST ICT IM, (from stringere ) lightly, superfi cially , by the by. Quemtu librum str i ctim attigisti. C ic. Qua copiosiss ime dici p ossunt,b reviter a me strictimque d icuntur . l d .
— Sr a i c '
r s , str ictly , severely .
D itior mih i et aflluentior videtur esse ve ra amicitia, nec observares tricte, ne plus reddat quam acceper it. Cic.
52
2305. Str ingeref Adstr ingere. Constr ingere. Obstr inger e.
STRI NGERE, to tie ha rd or close. S tricta ex arbor ibus folia . Ca s.Cultrum stringere . Liv. f igura tively Atque animum patria str inx it
p ietatis imago , Virg . , Th is image of fi lial p iety made a strong impression on the
'
mind if young Iulus. Nullumvinculum ad str ingen
d am fid em j urej urand o maj ores arctius essevoluerunt. Cic. It a lsos ignifies, to g raz e, or touch but
.
sligh tly . Metas stringere r ota. Ovi d .
ZEquor stringitur aura. l d .— AB STR INGERE, (stringere ad ) to bind,
to fasten close to. Quis est h ic qui ad statuam ad str ictus est ? Cic.
Ad stringite ad columnam for titer h unc. Plaut. Figuratively Tib imeam ad str ingo fid em. Ter . Ad str ingere beneficiis aliquem. Cic.
Tanti officii servitutem astr ingam testimoni o semp iterno . l d .— CON
STRI NGERE , (stringere cum) to bind fast, to tie stra it or up , to stra in.
H ostibus ded 1 constrictum. Cic. Constringere catenis. 1d . Con
stringere quad ruped em, Ter . To bind one hand and f oot. Figuratively Scelus et fraudem nocentis supplicio constr ingere. Té r .
Vincit i et constring i amicorum p ropinquor umque custod iis. Cic.
Constringend um se tradere libid inibus, Id .
, To make one’s set a
slave to one’s passions . Constring i necessitate . l d .— OBS TR IN GERE,
(stringere ob ) to tie about ha rd. Collum obstr ingere alioni . Plaut.r atively : S ib i obstringere aliquem beneficiis. Cic. Ad str in
gere would be less exp ressive. It is the same with obstring i and constring i legibus .
2306 . Stadere. Discere.
ST UB ERE, properly to care f or a th ing , to g ive one
’s self to it. Dum
stud es verba dare n ob is . Ter . Cons id ered as synonymous with d iscere , it s ignifies to endeavour and labour to become lea rned. Si Optimisapuer itia d isciplinis atque ar tibus stud uisses. Cic.
— s CERE, to
learn , to str ive with success to acqui re knowledge. Crassus quod d isci
potuit d e jur'e , d id icit. Cic. Multa d iscere atque d ed iscere. Id .
2307. Stadere a ttcut rei . Sta dere aliquam r em.
STUDERE (with a dative case ) signifi es to have a taste or incl inat ion f or a p erson or th ing , to keep close to it. Studuit Catilina , 0 11m
j am aliquot annos esset in foro Ca lius. Cic. S tudere rebus n ovis,Liv. , To rebel, to disturb the state. S tud ere ar tibus et litteris. Cic.
W ith an accusative case, it s ignifies to search earnestlyf or a th ing , to
desire and covet it. H oc stud et unum. H or . Unum omnes sentitis,unum omnes studetis. Cic. Litteras studere, 1d To love the belleslettres passionately ; but litter is studere is to app ly one
’
s-self to them,
to acquire th em by dint of study .
2308 . Studium. Prop ensio.
STUnIUM, inclination,fancy , temper , desire . Studium est an imiassidua et veh emens ad aliquam rem app licata magnacumvo luptateoccupati o , ut ph ilosoph ia , ge ometria ,
litterarum. C ic. Ardeo stu
di o h istoria , incensus studi o discendi . l d . Molliter austerum stu
di o fallente lab orem. H 0 r .— PROPEN S IO , proneness , prop ens ity , ex
p resses more Ib rcibly than studium : Studium induces us to an obj ect,but prOpensio ga ins over our hearts a nd approbation. In general stud ium is supp osed to have honesty f or its obj ect, but p ropensio is sa id
of good and bad ,virtue and vice. Qui nullain re n is i invi rtute aut
vitio p rOpensionem ne minimi qu idemmomenti ad summum b onumadipiscendum esse dicunt. Cic.
2309 , Stup or . Stupid itas.
STUPO R, from stupere ) a sta te of insensibility , thatmaybe accidental and transi tory; whereas STUPID ITA S is a habitua l insens ibleness. Ad stupo rem h omin is , vel d icam, pecud is , attend ite. Cic. In
cred ibilem stup id itatem h omin is cognoscite. 1d . Observe moreoverthat stup o r isvery well used in a proper sense, Stup or corp oris, Cic.,
but stup id itas only in a moral one.
2310. Subscr iber e causce . Subscr iber e causam.
Sus ss a rnann ca u sas, says Ca rdina l Adrian , ce rt o modo d icend ii d erat, cum n omen alicuj us d eferebatur , accusatores apud j udicesreorum accusationibus subscr ibebant, ut qui sic subscr ibere 11t , ad
tal i on is pa nam tenerentur , si i n iqueaccusassent, et n is i intra spa
t ium triginta d ie1 um causam p rosecuti fuissent . Judices vero sub
scr ibebant causam p rop ter quam rei accusabantur . Si cui crimenobj iciatur , p ra ced ere deb et in crimine subscr iptio . qua res adinventa est ; me facile quis p rosiliat 11d accusationem, cum seiat inultam s ib i accusationem non futuram. Ulp ian . Vide o animadvert issecensores in j udices quo sdam illius concilii Juniani, cum istam ipsamcausam subscr iberent. Cic. Cardinal Adrian ough t . to h ave observedtha t subscrip tor was not the same man as accusator : subscripto r was
an accusator in a second rank s iding with the accusato r, a nd supporting thef chargesmade up by h im wh ich can be proved b innum
examp les . AccusabatM . Aquileium, sub scr ipto re C . uti li o Ruf'
o .Cic. Omnind n ih i l accusat ore Lentulo , subscr ip toribusque ej us infantius. Subscr ibere causas is to subscr ibe the accusa tion of one, andto become a sharer in the same ; a nd Sunscamna a CAUSAM is to subscribe the condemnation of the accused party .
231 1 . Subscriptor. Ascr iptor :
SUBSCR I PTOR , says Ascan ius, qui adjuvat e accusator is causidicumsolet . At ven it paratus cum subscr ip toribus. Ci c. I taque s ine ull osubscrip tore descend it, et Lucium reum fecit. l d .
— A scmr'
r oa was
he who supported the cause of the accused . Cum eum in me rest ituendo aucto rem fuisse . ascr iptoremque vid eatis . Cic. Ille novitiusLigur venalis, ascr ip tor tuus et subscrip tor. Id .
2312. Subducere. Subtraher e.
SUBDUC ERE, (d ucere sub or super ) to take o r draw away . Collaoneri subd ucere. Ovid . Aurum terra subducere. Id . Subd ux it co
p ias in collem satis ard uum. Liv. In the like meaning we say subd u
cere naves , classem because the land is above the level of the water .Figuratively . To subtract, to cast a n account , to deceive . Subd ucere
se de aliqua soci etate . Cic. Qu id fortesviri ? Volupta tem ne calcu
l is subd uctis p ra lium ineunt ? Id . Me subducere istis verb is p os tulas ? Ter .
— SUBTRA I I ERE, (trah ere sub ) to subtract, to take awayp rivily . Te aspectu ne subtra he n ostro . Virg. Imp edimenta fugasubtrah ere. Ca s . Colla Jugo subtrah ere, Ovid .
, denotes moreviolencethan subducere colla Jugo . Subtrah ere aliquem judici o .Liv. fi gu
231 8 . Subsid eo. Subsido.
SUBS IDs o , (sedere sub ) to rest, stay ,or rema in in a place . Circa
sdvassubsulent. L1v. Magna multitude qua in castr is subsederat ,sequitur.
’
ga s — 8 11 1331 130 , to s ink dow n, to descend to the bottom.
J assu subs1d erevalles . Ovid . G ravissimum quod que turb,
que o
subs1d1 t. It a lso signifies to stop , to stay . Qui sim t ib i auctor1 11S1C1I1éne subsidas, an p roficiscare
? Cic. Figuratively Impe tus
dscend i subsid it. Quint.
231 9 . Substituere. Supponere. Subrogare.
S UBSTI TUERE, (statuere sub ) to substitute . to p ut in the p lace ofanoth er. Substituere aliquem p ro altero . Cic.
— SUPPONERE, (po
n ere sub ) to put under. Anatum ova gallinis supponere.Colum.
-Supponere ah quid p ra lo . Id . I t also signy‘ies, to put af ter . 1 11 eo
rum locum, quos d omum suam de p iratis ad d uxerat, substituere, etsapponere ca p 1t o1ves Roman os, quos in carceremanteaconj ecerat.C1C . Figura tively to submit, to put a f a lse f or a true . Dea arb itrl o Par1d1s formam supposué re. Ovid . Tes tamenta amicorum 11 0 11
expectas , at 1pse supponis. Cic.— SUBROGARE, to substitute , t
in the place (J: Subrogate Consulem in d emortui locum. Liv.r ogare 51b1 collegam. Cic.
2320. Subter . Sub. Inf ra.
”
SUBTER, underneath , the nether part.’
Cupid itatem subter p ra
cordia locavit. Cic. Subter earum radices. Virg . Subter is some:i ives an adverb. Qua sup ra et subter sunt. Cic.
— SUB , under.Arma sub adve rse p osuit rad ian tia quercu. Virg. Postesque sub
ipsos n ituntur grad ibus. Id . Here sub is used with an accusativecase, because there is motion f rom one p lace to anoth er. Figura tivelySub sacramento militare . Liv. Sub umbra fa d er is. Id . Sub is alsoused for C irce} , p ost ; in wh ich case i t governs an accusative. Subvesp e rum, Ca s., About the even ing . Sub eas litteras s tatim reci tata .
sunt tua , Cic., Afl er the reading of those letters, yours were read. We
fi nd in V irg il, Sub leges pacis tradere se.— INFRA , below, under,
underneath . Infra. Saturnum Jovis stella fertur , Cic., The p lanetJup iter is moving below Saturn. Figuratively : Infra ingen ium ali
cujus. H o r . Me infra a tatem filii sui p osuit, Liv. , He sa id 1 wasyounger than his son. Infra is a lso an adverb. Earum litterarum ex
emp lum infra scripsi . Cic. Sub arb ore frigus captamus ; subter ra
dices montium labuntur fiumina : in ca né ali i infra, ali i sup ra sedent . G. D .
Suburbium. Suburbanum.
SUBURB IUM , the suburbs of the city . B isce ego mev11s committam, qui nuper in suburb ium, ut eodem di e reverterer , i re non au
sus sim? Cic.— SUBURBANUM is p roperly an adj ective : ( rus under
stood ) a house or [and w ithout the wa lls of a city . Suburbanum emere .C ic. Dep ortar e aliqui d in suburbana amicorum. Id . In b ot tis autsuburbauis suis. Id .
Successon, (sub'
cedere ) he that follows or comes into a placewhich another has lef t, a successor . Gum successor immutat al iqui d
53
Cic.— V I CAnw s , (vices gerens ) he that sup~
h is absence, a deputy . V icar ium t ibi exp ediam,
arma equumque trades . Cic. Vicarius al i en i j uris, Id . , wh othe r igh t of another. Vicarias tib i manus polliceor , Quint.,ise [wi ll do your work f or you.
2323. Successus. Successio.
ssus , (cadere - sub ) properly, an appr oach ing . SuccessusCa s ., The approach ry
"
the enemies . It is generally sa id of .
Successus ad pern iciem multos p rovocat. Ph a d. Succesdare . Liv. Exultans successu . Virg.
— Success ro ,
Quid h oces Anton ii opp ressi ponitur in Antonii locum
1? Id . N 1h il retulit d e successi one p rovinciarum. Id .
2324. Sudare. Er sudar e. Desud ar e.
to sweat, to be in a sweat. Tu pulmentaria qua re suSudare sanguine . Liv. F igura tively : Sud abis
commodis . Cic.— EXSUDA RE, to sweat out. Cum 0
it amurca exsudavit . Col. 1 t is a lso a neuter verb.
take much pa ins with a th ing .
h a c censetis, ut ad a st’
ateminstituend is exsud etur lab or Liv.
— DESUDARE, to
labour earnestly . In h is d esud ans atque elaborans .
wea ther , sudant parietes Under avine p ress, ex sudatwho gets the more, the more work he does, d esudat.
2325. Sucre. Insuer e.
formerly the bristles Qf hogs were usedf or sewa s they ar e in our days byshoemakers ) to sew ,
corpo rum vel texta, vel suta. Cic.
“
Figuram, me qu id suo suat cap iti, .
Ter. , I fear th isUERE, (suere in )s insuisses in cu
m insuerat, Liv.,
I
the private to thepubl ic exp ense.
2326. Su cere . Suppeter e.
ere sub ) 1 . To supp ly or f urn ish with . Sulficit
h 0minum. Liv. Sufl‘icere paucorum cup id itati.
2. To put in the place ff another. Aliarn ex alii generando
p rolem. Virg. 3 . To sufi ce, to be sufiicient. Quanquamnec
suflicere, nec tabula n omina illorum cap ere potuerunt . Cic.
PETERE, to be sufi‘icie nt, to serve the turn . Ut sumptibus cop ia
Non suppetebat l ingua l ibertat i . Liv. Paup e rrerum suppetit usus. H or . Ut suppetas d olor ibus,be able to bea r your pa ins. Non suppetit consilium,
loss wha t I sha ll do .
2327. Sufi'
r agatio. Sufl'
ragzum.
leg of a
f or one : a figura t ive exp ress ion,
tomake the ascent more easy tomultum auctor itatis h ab et sufi
‘
ra
thevote or sufl'
rage itsel/Z Privare p opulum suffragus. Cic.
2328 . Sufl'
rag ia eblantlita . Sufl'
ragia enucleata .
SUFimAG IA EBLAND ITA , votes obta ined byfl a ttery and fa ir words.
— SUFFRAG IA ENUCLEATA , votesgranted afl er a ma ture del ibera tion.
Alterum (enucleatum) summo j ure , p ro p ersona vi rtute et digu itate fer tur ; al terum (ebland itum) vel gratinve
’
l munere ebland i
mur : in quo p rimum illud deb es putare , comitiis , p ra ser tim a d ili
t iis, studium esse p opuli , non j udicium : ebland ita illa , non enucle
ata esse sufl'
ragia : eos qui sufi‘
cagia ferant, quid d enique 1psi d ebeantcons id erat e sa p ius, quam quid cuique aRepubl icavideatur deh e ri .C ic.
\2329 . Sufl
‘
ragia ferre. Sufl'
rag iurn f err e.
SUFFRAG IA FERRR, to have or get themaj or ity of votes or 5Te ne gratuita qu idem eorum suffragia ta lisse. Cic.
— SUFFRAG IUM
F ERRE, to ca rry or g ive one’
svote . Fe rre sufi'
ragium de salute alicujus. Cic . Qui sutl
'
ragu ferendi causa conven iunt. Id . Shouldseveral p eople g ive their votes a t the same t ime, sufi
‘
ragia ferre is usedi n the mean ing of sufi
'
ragium ferre . Sufi'
ragia in magistrata mandando palam ferre melius esset. Cic.
2330 . Sufi rago. Pop les.
SUFFRAGO, (quod sub tcr frangatur ) the j oint of the h inderuad rupeds , ca lled the hough , and sometimes the pastern . Null
ilraginum flexu Plin . Quad ruped es sufl‘
ragines in p o
vant . l d .— POPLES, (f rom p licare) the ham of a man
'
s legthe knee . Incidit ictus ingens ad ter ram dup licato p opl ite TV i rg. Poplite Palmum succiso volvi seguem sin it. Id .
2331 . Suggestum. Pulp itum.
SUGGESTUM and Suggestus, (f rom gerere sub , because aing was erected ) a ra ised p lace, f r omwh ich orationsque cum in communibus suggestis consistere non
nar i ex turri alta solebat. Cic.
tend ebatur . TaC.— PULP ITUM ,
the poets reci ted, or actors perf or
p ulp ito d igna . Plin. I t is used a more genera l sense.p ito declamare solitum, Suet. G rammaticas amb i re tribus et
p ita d ignor . H or .
2332. Sumere s ibi. Arrogare sibi .
SUMERE $ 1 131 , to assume, to take upon one'
s self . Sumere sibperator ias partes. Ca s. Non mih i sumo , ut te d oceam. Cic.
,
mih i sumps i, ut a te peterem. Id . Non mih i tantum su
d am, Id ., l am no
to arroga te to one'
s
to f low every way. In plures partesamnis d iflluit,is divided into severa l branches . Figuratively . l s dedit operam ut
n imis redundantes nos et superfluentes j uvenili quadam d icendi im
p un itate et l icentia r ep r imeret , et qua’
s i d iflluentes coerceret. Cic.
Turp e est luxuriad ifiluere. l d . Difiluere sudore , Plin., To be all ina sweat.
2339 . Supervacuus . Supervacaneus .
Although these two words seem to have l een indiscr iminately used,they ough t f or a ll tha t to be distinguished. SUFERVACUUS s ignifi essuperfl uous, serving to no use or purpose. Omne supervacuum plenode p ectore manat. H o r . Descrip ti o omn ium corp oris par tium, in
quan ih il inane , n ih il s ine causa, n ih il supervacuum est. Cic.— SU
PERV ACANEUS , needless, not fi t for use Quid quid usum non h abet,supervacaneum est. Cic. Supervacaneum est i llis pugnare p ro, 81 0 .
Sal]. Quod supervacaneum sit, aut usum non h abeat . Id .
2340 . Supcrus. Sup ernas .
SUPERUS , above, the upper . Mare superum, H or ., The Adr ia tic,in opposi tion to the Tyrrh enian sea , ca lled inferummare . Regn is
p eris detrudere Jovem. Virg. H omo sp ectato r superarum rerumatque ca lestium. Cic.
— SUPERNUS , f rom on h igh . Sup erna reg i o .
Plin . Numen supernum. Ovid. Superus is opposed to inferus ; andsupernus to infernus.
2341 . Supplicatio. Obsecratio.
SUPPLICAT IO , (f r om supplex , f rom sub plicare ) suppl ication ,
public prayer . Supplicati o Diis immor talibus p ro singular i eorummerito meo n omine decreta est. C ic.— Os ss caa r xo , a solemn p ra er
to the gods to dep reca te some misf ortune. Atque ob dira nut in ur e,
aut in Cap itoli o visa ob secratio h aberetur . Suet. In quo constitu
enda n ob is quidem sunt p r ocurationes et obsecrationes. C ic. Sup
ilicatio ci rca omnia pulvinaria, et obsecratio in unum d iem indicta.
w.
2342. Sup ra. Super .
SUPRA , above. Mare quod supraterram est. Cic. Super wouldwha t is spread over . Tummih i ca ruleus supracaput astititVirg. Figura tively : Supra fid em, Q. Curt. Beyond credi
bility. Supra tres cyath os, H or . , More than th ree glasses. Sup raa tatem, Cic., A l ove h is age. Supra modum, Id Excessive Sup rais sometimes an aa
'ver l . Q ua Sup 1 i1 scr ipsi, Cic., t at I wrote above.
—SUPER, on, upon, l eyond . Fronde super vi1 id i. Virg. Deme triusSup er terra tumulum nolui t quid statui nis i columellam. C ic. Sup erGaramantas et Indos pro feret
.
1mper ium. Virg. Sup er ripas fiuminis efl’usus. Liv. The accusative case is used when there 1s a changeof p lace. I t i s sometimes used f or inter. Sup er vinum et epulas .
Q . Curt. Sometimes f or p ra ter. Sup er b ellum ann ona p remente ,Liv. Besides the wa r , a p rey to scarci ty . Sometimes for de . H ac
sup e r re sco
ribam ad te. Cic. Sometimes for sup ra. Nomentanuserat supe r i psum, Por cius infra . Hor . An imadver tit supe r gratiamatque pecuniam suam invid iam facti esse , Sall., He saw that neith erh is influence nor money could blot out the odiumof his cr ime. Sup er,contigui tatem importat ; Supra, Spatiumquod dam. S edemos supe rh erba; sup ra caput n ostrumvolant aves. G. D.
535
2343. Supremas . Summus.
SUPREMUS, ( fromsupra, superi or ) h ighest of all, uppermost. Su
p rem1montes, Vi rg . , The h ighest mounta ins . Sole.
supremo , H or . ,
At the sun'
s going down. Figuratively Suprem1 h onores. Ovld .
Supremo vita d ie. Cic.— SUMMUS , the most eleva ted , th e greatest.
Summum, quo n ih il sit sup erius . Cic. Summoque ulularunt vert ice Nymph a . Virg . I t is opposed to infimus. Facere par1a omma,
0
infima sammis. Cic. Figuratively V ix it ad summam senectutem
valetudine Optima. Cic. Amicus summus meus et p opulan s . Ter .
Appensa laqueari catena, supremum annulum si fregen s, tota cork .
cidet. Summo n ih il est sup erius. G. D .
2344 . Surdus. Surdaster .
SURDUS , deaf ; h ard if hearing . Aures surda . Ovid. Vocumvarietates aut modos noscere non p otest surdus. Cic. Figura tivelySurda sit oranti tua j anua, laxa feren ti . Ovid. Non crit officii gratiasurda tui , Ovid ., I
’
ll publish your k indness every where. Surdusjudex . C ic. Surdus color, Plin.
, A dark colour .— SURDA STER
, halfor somewhat deaf, deafish . In surd itateverb quid nam est mali e ratsurdaster M. Crassus sed aliud molestius, qudd malé aud iebat, utmih i vid ebatur , injuria. Cic.
2345. Surgere. Assurgere. Consurgere. Insurgere .SURGERE, to r ise, to get up , is p roper ly sa id of a person that
“
was
s itting or ly ing d own . E lecto surgere . Ter . E'
mensa surgere . Id .
Figuratively : Qua nunc an imo sententia surgit Virg . Que is sinenec potuere seri , nec surgere messes. Id . Prosequ itur surgens a
puppi ventus euntes. l d .— AS SURGERE, ( surgere‘
ad ) to r ise up toone
’
, to do h im reverence. N emo t ibi in Curiamven ient i assurrex it.Cic. H a c ipsa sunt h onorab ilia, salutari , app eti , decedi , assurgi,deduci, consul i, reduci .
’
Id . t uratively Assurgere ex mo rb o,Liv., To recover from a disease. . Tum ve rb assurgunt ira . Virg.
Rard assurgit H es i odus, Quint ., Hesiod seld omwrites in the subl ime.
f- CO NSURGE
‘
RE, (surgerecum) to r ise up together. Consur rex it Senatus cum clamore . C ic. Consur rexisse omnes
‘
d icuntur . Id . Figur atively H ispan ia ad b ellum consur rex it, Liv. , Spa in rose in arms.— INSURGERE, (surgere in ) to ra ise up aga inst, to make head aga inst.Nunc, nunc insurgite remis. Virg. Figura tively Credensque suisinsurgere regnis. Ovid. Prosp iciunt Teucri tenebras insurgerecamp is . Virg.
2346. Sus . Porous. Porca .
Sui
s includes themale and thef emale, and is sa id of a hog or swine,and of a boar . Amica luto sus . H or . Immund i sues. Virg . Sus ne
morum cultr ix . Ph a d .— POROUS , a hog , is sa id of themal e only , and
not of the boa r. -Bimestris p orous . H or . Forens saginatus . Proper t.
Figuratively : Ep icur i d e grege p or ous, H or ., A glutton, a d iscip leo Ep icurus. —P0 11 CA , a sow-
p ig .. Ca sa j ungebant fa dera p orca.
irg.
.2347. Susp ectas. Susp icaz . Susp iciosus .
SUSPECTus , susp ected . Criminum capitaliumsuspectus.Tac. Chm
films patri susp ectas esset. Cic. Vestalis Sl l SpeCta p ropter mund1
orem justo cultum. L1v.— SUSPICAX, quickto suspect. Ani
mus susprcax . Tac.- Susmcxo sus , 1 . s usp ic
ious . Teconscrent1a timid um suspiciosumque c. Omnes quibusres .
m1nus secunda , magis sunt, nesci o quomodo, susp iciosi. Tor .
C1v1 tas maledica et suspiciosa. Cic. 2. Susp ected , much to bef ea red .
Quod avobis h oc pugnar i vide o , suSp iciosum est . Cic. Susp iciosiss1mum tempus, Avery cr itical t ime .
2348 . Susp icio . Conj ectura . Conj ectio ,
fSUSP IC I o , a susp icion, an op in ion accomp an ied with d oubt. Plerum'
que imp roborum facta p rimo susp icio insequitur , d einde se rmo at
que fama. Cic.— CONJECTURA , a conj ecture, an a
lpinion f ound ed on
appea rances , a p robable j udgeme nt. Conj ectura as someth ing more
p os itive than susp 10 1o . Conjecturaassequl . C1c. Quome conj ectur aducat, h abeo ; sed expecto tamen. Id . H a c ame suspicionibus et
conj ecturacoarguuntur . Id .—CONJECT IO ,p roperlya casting ,a th row
Conj ectio telorum. Cic. I t i s sa td of conj ectural inConj ectio somn i o rum, Cic., The {interp retation of
ro has used conjectura in this same meaning .
2349 . Sutorius . Sut ilis.
Sur cu l us , (f rom suere ) of o r belon'
ng to a sh oemaker. Sutor ium atramentum, Cic. , Vitr iol used by s toemalcers to blacken th
of th ei r leath er.— SUT ILI S , th at is sewed , stitch ed, o r p atch ed.
balteus. Virg. Cymba sutilis, a boatmade of boa rds j o ined together,a boat refitted .
2350. Synonyma . H omonyma .
SYNONYMA , (f rom s ti
r and ducunt , or , according to theE ol ian d ialect, drvua , a name ) synonymous , word s that have the same significat ion , o r a significat ion very nea rly alike, as p rostemere, afil igere
amare , d il igere .— H OMONYMA , (fmm bubg, s imila r, and 511051 01i rvua , a name ) s imila r words that exp ress th ingswhen we say radices montium, radices arborum.
2351 . Syr tis . B revia . Vadum.
SYRT I S , a qu icksand , or sh elf mad e 6 the d ry?of sand or gravel .Th is name was also given to the a rid fi e ds os hya , wh ere travellersmeet with uncommon h a rd sh ip s in th ei r
i
our neyin and a re of ten buried under the sands . Th ey p lace in t e Syrtes t e temp le of Ju iterAmmon , wh ich wasvery distant f rom the sea . Inh OSpita syrtis. fiirg.
E stuosa syrtes . H or . Figurative l Syrtis atr imonii . Cic.— Ba s
V IA , (quod ibi b revis sit aqua ) sheves or shut ow es , orflats wh ereth ere is l ittle water , and a sh ip may run ag roun In brevia et syrtes urget. Virg.
— VADUM , af ord, a shallowplace in a r iver, wh ere onemaygo over on oot. Pontem,
quiavado nusquam transi tus erat, facer e 1 nstituit . a s. Figuratively Omnis res invado est, Ter ., The
business is sqfé , or out of danger.
J
(masculine the h eel . Ibi cum pugn is et calcibus concisus esset. Cic.
Fi rativey : A calce ad carceres , Cic. , From the beginnina to the
end?!
Calx (f emin ine ) signifies lime. Calx viva, Plin., Qua/Siam .
TALUS, synonymous with the others, a cockal , a bone f or ch ildren
p lay with .- TESSERA , a d ie to p lay with . Conferre se ad talos a
t esse ras . Cic. Tessera is used byL ivy to exp ress thewatch -word, wh ichwas imp ressed on a p iece of metal or wood . Th ose that ca rr ied it wer ecalled -Tesserar ii mi lites .
— ALBA , gaming of all sorts , anyp lay qf haar chance . V etita legibus alea . H o r . Figuratively Ire in d uc
b iam servitii imper iique aleam. Liv. Per iculosae plenum opusH or . Extra omnem ingen i i aleam positus. Cic.
— SCRUPUS , a ch essman , a table -man , a d raucrh t-man . Scruporum ludus . Quint .
“
Pilé.bené et d uod ecimserap isTudere . Cic. H ence comes scrupulus, a scru
p le. Inj eci scrupulum. Ter .
2360 . Tangere . Tractare.
TANGERE , to touch . Tangere aras. Virg. Bacul o tetigit j uvenem.
Ovid. Figuratively H are mod icé me tangunt . Cic . Non omnia d icere , et levi ter unumquodque tangere . Id . Quo pacto illum te tiger im in convivi o , numquid t ib i d ix i Ter . , D id I tellyou how [p layedup o nh imat af east .
9 Patrem talento tetigi, Id ., I have cleverly ch eatedmyf ath er of a talent.
— TRACTARE, (f r tative of trah ere ) tohandle . Tractare calicem manibus noctis . o r. Figurativel A li
quem minus asp eretractat e . Cic. Aliquamartem tracta t e , Tile-t . , To
exercise an a rt . Tractant fab rilia fabri . Hor . Aliquid an imo tractare , Cic.
, To revolve a th ing in one'
s mind . In munere aliquo recté
se tractare, Id . , To behave wisely in an emp loy . Gub ernacula Re ip ublicze tractare , Id ., Togovern the Rep ublic. Tangimus in a
manner . Tractamus with the wh ole hand . Rem tangimus towheth er it is wood or stone . Tractamus a or cloth , to trytheg oodness of it .
2361 . Tantidem. Tantisper .
TANT IDEM, as much , quite as much , speaking of quantity .
al iquid tantid em. Cic. Ab aliquo tantid em accnpere . Id . TA NT I SPER
is onlysaid of time , a little wh ile ,f or a little wh ile. C og itare tan tisperde al iquo re o . Cic. To tos di es set ib o , non quo p roficiam, sed tan
tisp er imped ior . Id
2362. Tantulus . Tant illus .
TANTULUS , ( diminutive of tantus ) so little, so small , never so little.
Ex tantulo fici grano . Cic. Tantula ep istola. Id . S tatura tantula .
Czes.— TA NT ILLUS ( diminut ive qf tantulus) exp resses someth ing still
smalle r . Quem ego modopuerum tantillum in manibus gestavnme is .
Ter.‘
2363. Taurus . Juvencus .
TAURUS , a bull , an ox not gelded : it is us ed byp oets to exp ress avigor oas ox . Pingue so lum fo rtes invertant taur i . Virg. Fumans subvomere taurus . l d .
—J UVENCUS , a bullock o r steer , ayo ung ox . RudesOperum j uvenci. Ovid . Est in j uvencis, est in equls patrumvi rtus .
H or .
539
2364. Tegere. Op er ire. COOp er ire.
TEGERE , to cover, to h ide. Fronde teguutur aves. Ovid . Teguntlatebr is feree . Cic. Figuratively Innocentiatectus . C ic. Trium
p h i n omine tege re etvelare cup id itatem suam. l d .— OPER IRE, to shut
up or close , to wrap about in . Pellis oper it latos h umeros . Virg . Operi re ostium, Ter ., To sh ut th e
‘
d oor . Figur atively Opertus d edecoreet infami a. Cic. Tectus would not d o in thef oreo oing examp leCOOPERI RE , ( oper ire cum) to cover all over , to envel op , to overwhelm.
Cooper ir e al iquem lap id ibus . Liv. Cuj us quad r igam cum agitatorecooperuit al is muse-3 . Plin. Figuratively : Cooper tus sceler ibus . CicCooper tus miseriis. Sall . C0 0per tus famosis versibus, H or ., D ishonoured by sati ricalverses. Oper tus would emp ress less.
2365. Tegula . Imbrex .
TEGULA, (f rom tegere ) a tile. Strataque erat tep id o tegula quassa
s olo . Ovid. Promitto t ib i , si valebit, tegulam illum in Italiamullamrelicturum. Cic.
— IMBREX , (f rom imbe r ) a gutter-tile ,Qubd meas confregisti imbric
‘es et tegulas . Plaut . H unc (locum)augustique imbr ice tecti , par ietibusque p remunt arctis , Virg., Th eysu rround that p lace with j bur walls, and cover it with tiles. Figuratively Imbrex p orci , Malt , Ap ig
’
s ear , o r the ch ine qf a h og .
2366. Tegumentum. Op erculum. Tector ium.
TEGUMENTUM,f rom tegumen , or tegmen . (f rom tego) any sort ofcovering . Tegumenta corp oris, vel tex ta vel suta. Cic. Mih i amictuiest Scyth icum tegmen . 1d . Tegmen caeli . Id . Est sup er tunicamzeneum corpori tegumen . Liv. Figuratively : Qumrere flagitiorumtegumenta . Cic . Quod tegumen modo omnis exercitfis fuerat . Liv.
-OPERCULUM , a cover , a lid . ASpera arteria tegitur quas i quadamopereulo . Cic.
— TECTORIUM, (f rom tegere ) any kind qf p laster ing ,&c. over walls . Tectorium vetus dele t e , et n ovum inducere .
‘
Cic.
Figuratively Fictae tectoria linguae, Pers A disguised language.
2367. Tela . Arma .
TELA , (f rom afa r of ) a rrows, weapons tofight with , 0 en
s ive arms. Tela conj icere. C ic. Figurative y Tela lmguae. vid .
De corp ore Reipublicw tuorum scelerum tela revellentuv. Cic.
ARMA is sa id of ofiensive and defensive weap ons . Arma alia ad te
gendum, alia ad nocendum. C ic . Armao
telo
aque parant. Liv. I t is
sa id of all tools, utensils , and also (y’the riggi ng qf a sh ip
“
. Cepeah
aque arma exped iunt. Virg . Al'mis apoliata fl aws . l d . Figuratively
Arma prud en tiae. Cic. Arma senectutls, artes exerCi tationesquevi rtatum. Id .
2368 . Telum. H asta . Hastihe. Gesum. Sa rissa . S
yrarus . Lancea .
Pilum. Sp iculum. Sagitta . Jaculum. Fa ar zca .
TELUM is a generic word f or any qfk nsive weap on . Versati incolumem inter h ostium tela. C ic. Figuratively Nee verb negligenda
est fama : nec medi ocre telum ad res gerendas eXi stimare oportet
benevolentiam civium. Cic.— HASTA , a p ike. Emim
‘
xs liasté , com1
m‘
i s lad i o uti. Cic. Figu ratively : Has tam abj icere, Ci c.,. Tog ive
u l ho eS.— HAST I LE , the strip
r
qf a halbert. Deb i li s basti l imxus.
Lic.ESUM
, a kind of‘
j avelin p rop er to the Gauls, and used by the
Romans. Falcibus gesisque b inis armati . Liv. —SARrS SA , a longsp ea r o r Jihe used by theMaced onians . Imped itus intercur su snorumusus p rze ongarum h astarum, sarissas Maced ones vocant, intulére'
s igna Romanae legi ones . Liv.-SPARUS , or Sparum, (f rom eneipw,
é’
en’apov, spargere ) a kind of da rt used by the country p eop le . Agres
tisque manu'
s atmat sparus . Virg . Sparo eminus percussus . C . Nep .
-LANCEA , (f romAci'yxn) a lance, a kind of long j avelin . D isj ectamfluitantemque testud inem lanceis contisqué tutantur . Tac .
- PI
LUM, the j avel in of the Romans , the stafi‘
(if wh ich was long , and the
d a rt (y‘a tr iangula rf orm, with h ooks. Agmina b orrentin p ilis . H or .
Cervicibus caput abscid it, idque fixum gestari j ussit in p ilo . Cic.
Figur atively Primump ilum, Caes. , Thefi rst comp any qf a regiment.- SPICULUM , (fi om sp ica, an ea r of cor n ) a d a rt. Lenta sp icula
contorquent lacertis. Virg. H astarum sp icula. Ovid . Sp iculum was
of a triangula r f orm. I t is said of the h ead of a j avelin o r ar row.
Alexander sagitta ictus est, qua in medi o crure reliquerat sp icu
lum. Q . Curt .—SAGITTA , an a rrow. Ap tare ne rvo sag ittas. Virg.
Sagittw pendebant ab h umer o . Cic.— JACULUM, (f rom j acére) a
d art, a j avelin, any th in that maybe sh ot oj l Missa j aculorum turba.
Ovi d. S olum prae j aculgorummult itudine , et sagittarum umbranon
videb itis. Cic.— FALAR ICA , (f rom falm, wood e n towers) a ki nd of
d a rt used tofigh tfi om an eminence, and sh ot out of an eng ine . Fa
larica erat Saguntinis missile telum,h astili oblongo , et caeter
‘
a te
reti , pra terquamad extremum, unde ferrum extabat . Liv. Magnumstridens contorta falarica ven it. Virg .
2369 . Temere. Fortuitb.TEMERE
,inconsiderately , rash ly . Temeré et nullo consil i o . Cic.
Aud acter h oc dico , non temeré confirmo . Id . Non hac temeré transi ri p o test. Plaut. I t also signifies likely . Illud ingeniorumvelut p rzecox genus h aud temeré unquam ervenit ad frugem. Quint — Fo nT UI To, bymere chance, accid enta y . l ncidere for tuitc
‘
) in aliquem ser
monem. Cic. N on temeré , nec fo rtuito sati , et creat i sumus. Id .
2370. Temeritas. I nconsider antia .
TEMER ITA s, temer ity , inconsid erateness, f ool-ha rdiness . Multi fa
'
ciunt multa temeritate quadam, s ine judici o vel modo . Cic. Temeritas est florentis aetatis ; sap i entia, senectutis. Id . Nunquam temer itas cum sap i entia commiscetur . l d .
— INCONS IDERAN T IA , (nonc onsiderare) want of cons id eration, imp rudence, indiscreti on . Cujusin hoc nno inconsid erantiam ego sustinebo , ut p otero . C ic'
. Temer itas may be opp osed to sap ientia, and inconsid erantia to prudentia.
2371 . Temp erame ntum. Temp erantia .
TEMPERAMEN TUM, (f rom temp erare ) a temp eri ng , a mod eration,a means . Inventam est temperamentum, quo tenuiores cum p rincip ibus mquar i se putarent. C ic . Linguae temperamentnm.
‘Liv.—TEM
PERANT IA , temperance , a moralvirtue that regulates and keep s thep ass ions in subj ectio n . Temperantia est ration is in l ibid inem atqueal i os non rectos imp etus an imi firma et moderata d ominatio . Cic.
2372. Temp eratio . Temp eries.
TEMPERATIO, the act of temp ering . Temperatio caloris. Cic. .ZEris
2378 . Tepid us. Ca lidus.
TEPIDUS , lukewarm, neithe r hot nor cold. Lac tep id um. Virg. Pi
gur atively: Hic h omo factus est tepid ior , Plaut ., Th is man has losta ll h is energy .
— CALIDUS , hot, sca lding . Frigida pugnabant calidis.Ovid . Sol cal id us is a scorch ing sun . Sol tepid us, a moderate sun.
Figuratively : Calida concilia . Cic. Lenit albescens an imos cap il
lus ; non ego h oc ferrem cal idas juventa. H or .
2379 . Ter. Ter tib. Ter tiitm.
TER , thrice, th ree times. Mutianus ter consul. Plin .— TERT 16,
thirdly , in the th ird place or time , ( loco or temp ore imp l ied) . Ter tidconsul factus est, Liv. , He has been named consul the th ird — TERT I UM ,f or the th ird time. Tert ium factus est consul , He has beencreated consul for the th ird time. Tertio is sometimes usedf or tertium.
Ille iterum, ille tertia cautionibus factis, pecuniamdedit. Cic.
2380. Tergere . Wr'
rei'
e.
TERGERE , to make clean , to wip e. Vasa asp era tergeat alter. Juv.Mann veluti lacrymantia lumina ter sit. Ovid . - V ERBERE, to sweep .
Ver rere pavxmentum. Juv. In familiaqui tergunt, qui ungunt, quiverrunt. Cic. Figuratively Certatim feriunt mare, et aequoraverrunt. Virg.
2381 . Tactio. Tactus .
TACT IO , (f rom tangere ) the act cy‘
touch ing . V oluptates ocul orum, tactionum, od orationum. Cic.
— TA CTUS , the touching itself,the sense of touch ing orf eeling. Qui non odore ullo , non tactu, nonsap ore cap iatur. Cic. Tactus toto corp ore aequabiliter fusus est , utomnes ictus, omnesque n imi os et frigoris et caloris appulsus sentirepossimus. Id .
2382. Tang it. Specia l. Per tinet.
lVe p romiscuously maysay Illud me tangit, tha t concernsme Illud
me spectat, that is my bus iness ; Illud ad me pert inet , that belongs tome. There is, however, a n ice d ifl
‘er ence between the above express ions.
ztlthough we take but a small concern in any th ing , we mayuse Specta tto express tha t concern . But per tinet requires a g reater degree qf concern . And tangit denotes that the th ing moves a nd concerns us g rea tly .
Beneficia quae ad singulos sp ectant, et quae ad un iversos p ert inent.Cic. Vestri cura nullavos tangit. Liv.
2383. Tenebrosas. Tenebricosus.
Tnnnnno svs , dark, gloomy , cloudy . Sedes tenebrosa. Ovid . Pa
lus ten ebrosa . Virg . Tenebroso in carcere . Sen.—TBNEBRxco svs,
very dark , fond of darkness. Tu ex tenebricosap op ina consul extractus. Cic. Figuratively : Lateant libid ines ej us illa: tenebricosae.Cic.
2384. Tergum. Tergus. Dorsum.
TERGUM , the back, the backpar tof a th ing . Boum terga non sunt
ad accip iendum onus figurata. C ic. Manibus p ost terga revinctus .
Virg . t uratively: Tergum collis, Liv., The back pa rt of the h ill.TERGUS , the skin or h id e a any l east. Tergora d ir ipiunt costis, etviscera nudant. Virg. Durissimum (eleph antis ) dorso tergus, ventri
ack of a man or beast.so levans , &c. Ph a d .
Th e bottom part (f a
o rsum i n man , Virg., A quicksand or shelf . Dorsum isopp osed to venter, especia lly in beasts a nd tergum to frons .
A te rgo ,s fronte , a lateribus teneri. Cic.
2385. Ternas. Trinas. Tertius. Triplex . Tr ipar titus
TERNUS , th ree and th ree. Velut aci es tern i j uvenes, Liv. , speak ingof the Hora ti i and Cur ia ti i . Tern o consurgunt ordine remi . Virg .
I t is used to exp ress th ree. Immane est vit ium dare millia ternamacello . H or .
— TR 1 NUS , th ree, th ree together . Trin is hybernis hyemare,Cms. , To take winter qua rters in th ree places . Redd id it trinas litteras.
Cic.— Tnnr w s, the th ird. Terti o quoque die . Cic. Terti o l oco .— TRIPLEX , from tres and plicat e ) triple , threef old. I lli t oetms triplex ci rcap ectus erat . H or . Tr iumph us tr iplex . Virg.
Plato tr iplicem finx it an imam. Cic. (f rom tres andpartiri ) divid ed
-
into three parts . Tripartita b on orum rati o . Cic.
Triparti ta o rati o . Id .
2386 . Terrestris . Terrenas. Terreus.
Although TERRESTRI S and Terrenus may sometimes be promiscuously used, it must be observed tha t theformer is sa id of th ings havinga mor e distant rela tion to the ea rth . Praesid ium terrestre . C ic. Arch i
p i rata terrestris. l d .— TERRENUS is sa id of th ings belong ing more
pa rt icularly to the earth . H umo r marinus vel terrenas . C ic. Con
tagi o terrena. Id . Abstinere ter renis oper ibus. COL— TERREUS , ofor belong ing to 'the earth , earthen . In ea p lan itie erat tumulus terreussat is grandis, Cms., In tha t p la in th ere was a great ris ing ground.Vas terreum. C0 1.
Testa . Cadus .
TESTA , l . A brick, a tile. Mensa: pes d issid et impar, testa paremfecit . Ovid . 2. An earthen vessel or j a r for wine or any other l iquor,a cash . Apta mero testa. Ovid. Pundit testa merum. Tibul. 3. An
ea rthen lamp . Testé cfim ardente vid erent scintillare oleum. Virg.
4. A shellofish . Sed non omn e mare generosaa est fert ile testae. Hor .
5. The shell of a fi sh . Testarum sufl’ragiis absolutus. C . Nep . At
Athens theyvoted by inscr ibing their op inion on oyster - shells . Juvenalhas used testa to exp ress a l igh t sh ip . Et b revibus p ietze remis insur
gere testa . JuV .— CADUS , a wine- cask: D ifl
'
ug iunt cadis cum faecesiccatis amici . H or . Apotheca plena cadis . Ph aed . [t is used in a more
genera l sense. Ossaque lecta cado tex it Ch or ineus ah eno . Virg.
2388 . Testo r i . Testificar i .
TE STAR I, (from testis ) 1 . To ca ll or ta ke to witness. Testor om
nes Deos me h éc unavoce amort e esse revocatum. Cic. 2. To showor manifest, to evidence. Venae et arteriae creb rae, multwque toto corp ore d ifi
‘
usaevim quamdam incred ibilem ar tificiosi op eris d iviniquetestantur . Cic. 3. To make a will or testament. Possit-me quisquamde filii pup ill i re testat i . Cic. Immemor in testando nepotis pueri
decessit . Liv.— TESTIFI CAR I , (testem facere ) to bea r witness, to call
to witness. Testificor me bell i expertem fuisse . Cic. Deos, h ominesamicitiamque mostram testificor . Id .
2389 . Testimon ium. Testificatio.
TEST IMON I UM , tes timony , p roof, evidence by witnesses. Sunt in
eam rem testimonia . Cic. Elevare testimon ia, Id . , To inva lida te thedepos i tions (y
r witnesses . a testifying or attes ting , a
certificate , a declara tion. S i ej us rei testificatio to lleretur . Cic. Cumsumma testificatione 3110 1 um 1 11 me ofiiciorum. Id . Ut contra h occrimen, si quand o opus esset, h ac videlicet testificatione uteretur .
2390 . Testirnonium dicere. Testimon ium da re. Pro testimonio dicere.
TES T IMONIUM D ICERE, to swea r to the truth ’Zf a th ing , to bear
witness bef ore a tr ibunal. Testimonium secundum fid em et religi onem gravissime dix it. Cic. Testimon ium dice re de conj uratione.
l d .— TES 'M MON IUM DARE, tr. g ive a testimony , at p r ocy. Senatus
n1 1h 1 tes t1mon 1u1n h uj us urb is conservatae dedit. Cic. Dah it nob isj am tacite vita acta in alterutram partem fi rmum et g1 ave testimon ium. Id - Pno TEST IMONIO D ICERE, to decla re i n bea r ing witness.
N eque dix i quicquam p ro test imoni o , n isi quod e rat n o tum atquetestatum. Cic . PosteaquamGordius p ro testimon i o d ix it te sib i redd id isse, finem 1 ed de11 di feciS ti. Id .
239 1 . Ter ere. Intexer e.
TEK ERE , to u eave,is p roperly sa id Qf the weaver. Texentem te
lam studi ose 1psam invenimns . Ter . I t is sa id a lso of a h ouse, of a
ship, and d works of genius . Bas ilicum texere. C ic. Carina tex itursuis costis . Ovid . Ep istolas quotid ianis verb is texere solemus . Cic.
— INTEXERE, to interlace , to interweave. Purpureasque n o tas fil isintexuit albis . Ovid. Figuratively : Lwta tr istibus, incred ib ilia probab ilibus intex imus . Cic. Intexunt fabulas . Id .
2392. Theca . Vag ina
THECA , ( from S r uior , th esaurus ) i s sa id of any th ing used to shut
things i n . Th eca nummarxa . Cic. Th ecaevasorum, Id . , Cases to putvessels in .
— VAG INA , fromvacuus ) a sheath . Gladiusmvagina re
conditas . Cic.
2393. Tibia . Sar a .
TLBIA , the sh ank , or sh in- bone. Alterum (0 5) a p ri o re par te pos itam, cui tibiee nomen est . Plin. Tib ia cum femoris inferi o re ca
p ite commi ttitur . Ce ls.— SURA , the ca l/«J the leg . Suram ubi asp i .
c ias , scias eum p osse gerere crassas comped es. Plaut . Teretes surasinteger laudo . H or . Poets use it to erpr ess the whole leg , [mm the kneeto the ankle . Purpureoque alte suras vinci t e coth urno . Virg.
2394. Tibia . Fis tula .
TIB IA (synonymous with fistula ) 13 an instrument of musicmade ofreeds pierced th rough , with interva ls between the holes a p ipe, aflogeolet. I t was ca lled tib ia, l ecause that instrument was anciently mad eof legs of cranes . Si t ib iae inflates non referant sonum. Cic.
—F1 s
TULA, properly , a p ipe to ca rry water . Fistulas, quibus aqua suppe
546
Toga. Stola . Pep lum. Palla . Trabea. Putnam. Sagum.
Paludamentum. Chlamys.
T OGA , fromtegere ) a gown worn by the ancient Romans in timeof peace . It was a large cloak worn above the tunic. Toga pacis et ins igne ot11. It was thegown used by the ladies when they appeared inpublic. N oble women afterwards adopted the gown called stola, andgave up the toga to women of the town , and servants. Quid refert inmatrona, anci llapeccesve togata H or .
- S °
r 0 LA was the usual gar
ment Qf marr ied women, ofinoble ladies Cicero g ives it to the Godd essD iana. Diana e rat admodumamplum s ignum cum stola. Sumpsistivir ilem togam, quam stat immuliebrem stolam red d id isti . Cic.
— PE
PLUM , (f rom nénAog, a veil of thefi nest sort) a long robe worn by the
lad ies the statues of the goddesses were adorned with it. Servius saysit was
'
par ticula r ly consecra ted to Minerva . Cr inibus Iliad es pass is ,peplumque ferebant. Virg.
— PALLA , a large upper robe hang ing downupon the ground, worn chiefly
‘
by women of honestf ame. Verrit h umumTyrio saturata murice palla. Virg. It was a lso a kind of short j er ‘
kin worn by the Gauls. l lle cum pallaet coth urnis nummos p opulod e rostris spargere solebat. Cic. Gallica palla. Mar tiai. — TRABEA ,(f rom trabs , on account of the bands of d ifl
‘
erent Colours) a gown wornby k ings a tRome. Decorus trab eaRomulus. Ovid . And after theirexpuls ion, worn by the consuls, augurs, and the kn ights. Ipse Quirinali l ituo
, parve‘
ique sed ebat succinctus trab ea. Virg. Trabeati Equ ites. TaC.
— PALL IUM , a cloak, a sort (yrupper garment worn byGreeks
of all descrip tions, and above a ll by the ph ilosophers. Conc iam in col
lum~
pallium. Plaut. Saapé etiam sub sordido pall i o sap i entia . Cic.
—SAGUM , a soldier 's cgarse cloak orf rock ; it was the dress for war .
Cum est in sagis -civitas. Cic. Ad saga i re ; et redire ad togas.'
Id .
-PALUDAMENTUM , a coat (y’ar ins, a mi litary ga rment wornover the
cuirass ; it was the dress of genera ls. Imp erato ria paludamenta .
Livy g ives it to the'
Cur iatu . Cognitdque sup er h umeros fratris pa]ud amento -sponsi, quod ipsa confecerat . Liv.
—CHLAMYS , (a JtLtig)
a -sold ier’s coat , the mili tary tun ic in time of war . Ipse agmine Pallasin med ic ch lamyde et pictis consp ectus in armis. Vir It was
a‘
ch ild’s garment. Et Ph rygiam Ascani o ch lamydem tart. Virg .
240 1 . Toga p rcetexta. Togavir ilis . Toga pur a . Toga’
cand id a .
TOGA -PRJETEXT A, a wh ite robe reach ing down to -th e ankles, bordered wi th purple, and worn by the ch ief mag istra tes as a mar k of honour a lso by senators on solemn f estiva ls , and by ladies (f h igh r anks
I t was likewise worn by the ch ildren of Rome, ti ll they were seventeenyears (f age. Er ip ies igitur pup illae togam p ra tex tam, d etrah es or
namenta non solum fo rtunae, sed etiam ingenuitatis? Cic. lEd ilis
cum togapraetex tQJId . Consules cum togap raetexté . l d .— TOGA
V I R I L IS, a robe worn at seventeen years of age. Ego autemapatreita eram ded uctus ad Sceevolam, sump té vi rili toga, ut quoad possemet liceret , a senis late re nunquam d isced erem. Cic.
— T0 0 11 PURA ,
a robe w ithout any ornament the-same with togavirilis . Habemus
concionem Antonii, in quaerat accusatio Pompe i i usque atogap ure.
Cic.— TOGA CAND IDA was a white robe worn by candida tes , bythosewho put upf or p laces or h igh qflices . Cicero in candidatoga orati onem habuit in Catilinam et Antonium competito res. Plin .
547
2402. Toga pulla . Toga sordida .
TOGA PULLA was the robe worn bypeoplej n mourning ,wh ich isge
nera lly though t to have been (f a black colour. Voss ius th inks it was ofa n i ron-
gray colour. In furi ere fami liari cce nare cum togapullé. Cic.
— TOGA SORD IDA was the'
r obe of those wh o were arra igned : i t was
d irty, full of r ags, greasy and sloven ly . Th ey wore it to ra ise p i ty and
compassion. Th ey were ca lled so rd id ati. Diod orus Romae sord idatuscircum patronos atque h ospites cursare . Cic. Postquarn s ordidatum
'
reumviderunt. Cic.
2403. Togatus . Palliatas .
TOGATUS , one drest in a robe alter the fash ion of the Romans. R0manos rerum dominos gentemque tOgatam. Virg. Plays, the subj ectsof wh ich were taken from the Romans, were ca lled togatae commd iae.Togatis excelluit Afran ius . Quint .
— PA L1. 1A T us , one clothed in theupper garment used by the Greeks. G raeculus j ud ex modo palliatus,modo togatus . Cic . I taque obj icias l icet quamvoles saepé palliatumfuisse . Id . Plays, the subj ects of wh ich were taken f rom the Greeks,
'
were ca lled palliataz comaed ize .
2404. Torquer e; Angere . Cruciare .
TORQUERE, properly , to writhe, to twis t. Cap illos torquere ferro .Ovi d . Os torquere. Cic . Figura tively to rack , torment, or torture .Qui in dolore est,torquetur . Cic. Metu doloris to rquer i . Id . Egun
leo torquerealiquem. Id . It is a lso sa id cf fi ing ing or th rowing , ona ccount of the motion of the a rms. H as tas torquere. Cic. Sp icula torquere cornu. Virg .
— ANGERE, (f rom dyxw, to p ress tight ) to stran
g le, th rottle, to stra in. Et angit inbze rens elisos oculos , et s iccumsanguine guttur. Virg. Figura tively to vex, to g rieve. Ang i an imo .Cic. Angebatur regis an imus ad impensas. LIV .
— CRUC I ARE , (f romci'ux ) p roperly , to crucify . Figura tively : To torment with excess ivecruelty . Cruciar i dolore , fame , vigiliis. Cic. Scelerum snorum con
s ci entiacruciar i. Id . To rquere i s sa id of a rending pa in angere ofa n oppress ing pa in ; cruciare of a smarting or excruciating pa in.
2405. Tor tilis . Tortuosas. Tor tus. S inuosas.
TORT I LI S , (f rom torquere, to rturm) wrested, wind ing , writh ing .
Buccina tortilis in latum, qua turbine crescit ab imo . Ovid . Tor tilis
p iscis. Id . Tortilis a d igit is d ecid it ansa me is . Id .
.
tortuous, winding . Tortuos i ammis sinus flexusque. L1v. Som ex to r
tuosis locis et inclusis referuntur ampliores. Cic. Figura tively In
gen ium rnultiplex et tortuosum, Cic., A d eceitful'
and dissembl ingmind. Tortuosum d isputandi genus , Id . , An intr ica te way af argaing.
— TORTUS , wrested , twisted . Cap illus to r tus . Ovid . Funes torti .V 1 rg. Figura tively Cond itiones tortaa, Plaut . , Condi tions eith ermor ea r
'
less unj ust— 8 1 11 0 0 3 113 , froms inus ) that has many turn ings ,windings, or bendings. Plexu
‘
s inuoso elabitur anguis.V 1 rg. V est1sr
s1
nuosa. Ovid . Figuratively : S inuosa orati o , Qu1nt .
, A perplexi ngd iscourse.
2406. Tractatus. Tr actatio.
TRACTA '
I‘
US , the handling , or touch ing . It is only used in the abla2 N 2
t ive case. Aspera tractatu. Plin. Figuratively : Artium tractatu d e
lectati. Cic. Consih'
a cal ida . et audacia p rima s pec i e laeta, tractatudura. Liv. the act of h andli ng or touch ing . Armo rumt ractatio . Cic. Belluar um t1 actat1
'
o . Id . Figurat ively . Orato r tractationem o rat ionis s ib i assumet. C ic. 1psa mih i tractatio litterarumsalutaris fuit. Id . Materia est in verb is, tractatio in verbo rum col
locatione. Id .
r psiyog, a lie-
goat, because a he-g'
oat was g ivenas a pr iz e to the best s inger ) a maker or w r iter
'
of traged ies .
’ Tragici
p oé tae. Cic. I t is a ls o sa id of th e s ty le“ Carmin e qui trag ico vilem
cer tavit ob h ircum. H os .— TRAG (EDUS
'
(f rom rgayo; and own) is an
actor of trag edies, a tragedian. T ragmd o rumvox. Cic. T ragoedumcor
‘
nce d iis admotum placere vid imus. Id‘
.
.W
r 2408; Traherc.
' Raptare.
TRAH ERE, to draw, to drag . Equi trah unt curt um. suet. De med io trah ere. L1v. Magnes ferrum ad se allicit et trah it . Cic. Figu
r a tively . In eandem calamitatem trah ere altarani. Cic. In d iversumt rah unt auctores, Liv., Authors a r e divided.— RAPTA RE, (f requentat ive of rap ere ) to drag about, to take byvio lence, to hurry away . Ter
c i rcum Iliacos (Ach illes ) raptaverat Hectora muros. Virg .
2409 . Transenna . Fenestra. Cancelli.
TRANSENNA , (f rom transi re ) a long wind ow or casement, anygratew ork
,a la ttice bef or e a window. Quas i per transennam p raetereuntes
furt im, sensim aspex imus. Cic. IVe cannot say Quas i per transennamali quid dicere , to s ign ify to saysometh ing go ing along ; That would sign i/ to spea k through the lattice. Plautus has used transenna for a net,on account of its resemblance to a la ttice . In transennam p isces induc ere . PlantF —FENESTRA , (f rom pa ivetr , lucere ) a window, an entryinto . Ingentem la
'
to dedit o re fenestrah 1 . Virg. Figuratively . Panes
qua: quas i fenestrze sunt animi . Cic. Quantam fenestram ad nequi
t iam patefecer is !'
I e .1'
a chancel, a balustrade. Tantusex fori canéellis p lausus excitatus est . Cic. Figura tively Sci ent iacancellis ci rcumscripta, Cic. A small share of knowledge. FromCanc elli o rigina ted our word Chancellor, because i nf ormer times they weresepa ra tedf romthe crowd by a ba lustrade.
2410. Transfuga . Perfuga .1
TRAN SF UGA , a deserter from us to our enemies . Deiii dé in etuei w,‘
ne si consulum 1 11Jussu, et ignaris omn ibus, i ret, d eprehen'
sus fort'
e
a enstod ibus Romanis retrah eretur u’
t t'
ransfuga, senatumad i it. Liv.fi g urat ively . Transfuga d ivitumpartes lin uere — PER
FUGA , a deser tei'
f romour enemies to us. gumque d e 1mperio certamen esset cum rege generoso ac p o tente ; p eringa
'
ab‘eo veni t in
cast ra Fab rici i. Cic. Authors sometimes use them promiscuously .
p erfugis nostrisl
coyias co arant contranos . C ic. Tiansfuga
Popma , suos relinquit et 33aliasven it ; perf ti
ga SUpplex est ;
t ransfuga, ut adj uvetur fit perfuga . And Festus, Perfuga qui orbcommod orumad quemp iam pe rfugit.
Ultraeam IOCumAmorem suum in alterumal iquid transferre. Cic. Tran
of acause to another p erson.
Lat inam, Plin ., To translate11 11 111 aliquod , C ic . , To g ive a word a metap h orical signification .
PRJETFfRV EHBRE, to p ass , r id e, or sa il by. S i renes var ietate‘
caxitand i
revocare eos salitsa qui praeterveh ebantur . Cic. Insulam‘
Eotam p reetervectus est. Id .
‘ Figura tively Praatervecta est'
o ratio aieavestrasauges,Cic. , You have listened with attention to my d iscoursef '
Scapul'
bs
pewtervecta est . oratio mea, Id ., I have successfully treated dgfi cult
matters .
2415. Transver sus . Obliguus.
Tn s n svna su s , p ut across or crosswise . Transversa j tinera. Liv.
Incomptis al1inet atrum transverso calamo s ignum vers ipus . Hut .
Aciém transvl
ersam Figuratively : Transvers'a ineutritmiser
'
a fo'
rtuna Reipublicze .Cic.—OBL I QUUS
, oblique, sideways,awry.
Dente obliquo timend us ap er . Ovi d . Sectas in obliquum l1meObl iquo itinere . Cass . Obiiquo
‘
oculo limare commoda al'
uj ns. H or .
Figuratively : Cato adversus p otentes semper obli quus. lpr.
2416. Trep idatio . Terro r.
TREPIDAT IO , trembling , agitat ion , motion actornp anied withInjecta trep idat i o est . Liv. Nee op inatares p lus trepidatipni‘sLiv.
‘ '
Trep idati o n ervo rum. $en .— TEna o n , terro r, consternation .
Te rr o r, metus concutiens. Cic. Ter rot e coactus j uravit. Id . Terr oi'e11i pallor et tremor et dentium crep itus consequitur . Id .
24 17. Tr ibutar ius. Stip end ia r ius . Vectigalis .
TR IBUTAR IU S , tr ibuta r that p ays tr ibute . Tributariam solum.
Plin . Civitates qua: Medi
g
l
n'
um tr ibutariae fuerunt. Justin. I t alsosign ifies what relates to tr ibute . Res tr ibntaria. Cic.
— ST I PEND IA R IU S , thatpays a determinate tax , afixed sum. Inte r Siciliam‘
cazte
rasque p rovmcias in agrorqm yectigalium rationibus h oc interest,
quod caeteris ant impositnm estvect1gal cer tum, quod stipend iariumdicitur ,
'
11 t H ispanis, &c. Ciel— VECU GALI S , that p ays dutyf or eagp orted or imp orted goods . Naves ex veqtigali p ecunia fecerat. C19.I t is taken in a more general sense . Vectigales multos ac stip end1ari os liberavit. Cic. Agri vectigales. Id . Trad id it i111 equos vecti
gales, Id H e gave h imh or sesf or wh ich a
'
tax is p a id, (like our st
arses .) Generally tributaries civitates are cities that p ay a tr'
ute;
stipendiariae, th ose that p ay a fi xed and determina te tax vectigales,th ose thatp ayf or imp orts and exp orts. Tributar ius (f romtribus ) because imp osts were p a id by tribes orwa rds . Stipend iar ius, (f rom stips,a p iece
'
of money . ) Vectigalis, (f rom
241 8. Tr ibutam. Vectigal. Census . Exactio.
TR IBUTUM (f rom tribus , because imp osts were levied up on th epeo
p le by tr ibes) was the money wh ich every citizen p a id acco rdi ng to h iswealth . Un ius impera tor is praeda finem attulit tributis. Cic. Theywere of two sorts : the one wasp aid by so much a -head , and the oth er
551
accord in to every one's income. When the t ribute was extraord inary,it was ca led temerar ium tr ibutum.
- V ECT IGAL (f rom Veh ere) included all the dutiesp a id on imports or exp orts . Mensa publica numerat aut exvectigali , aut ex tn buto . Cic. Itaque neque ex p or tu, neque ex decumis, neque ex scr ipturfivect igal conserves: Po test: Id.
V ect igal is sa id of a ll sorts of taxes. Cas tet i s provmcus imposi tumest vec t igal cer tum. Cic. V ectigalia p opul i Romani s unt d imi nuta.
Id . Figuratively : Non intelligunt h omines quammagnumvectlgahsi t parsimon ia, Cic. ,Men d o not th inkwha t p rofit there 23 i npeconomy.
—‘
CENSUS , l . The valuation of every man'
s estate. S iculi ex ceusu
quotannis tribute. conferunt. C ic. 2. A numbering of everyf amily ,and of
‘
their 'wealth . German icus agendo Galliarum censui mtentus.
Tac. Census qui i s to Pres tore sun t habiti. Cic.— ExAC '
r l o , a levymgor gather ing of public money . A cerb issima '
exactm cap ltuml atque
ost ior um, C ic. , That ‘
cruel exact ion of moneyf or every head or ch imney.
vExactiO‘ '
nominum; Id . , The reco'very of debts. Magnoooacto' d e publicis exactionibus. =Id .
2419 . Tr ibid is .
’
Tr ibua r ius .
TR IBULI S , one of the same t ribe or wa rd. Qui apud tribules suosplur imagra t ia possunt. Cic. Est-me h ic Hegio tr ibulis nos ter ? Ter .
— TR IBUAR IU S , of or belonging to a t ribe or war d . Tribuariumerimen. Cic. Nullé in re n is i h fic tribuarié . Id .
2420. Tr iump hare. Ova re.
f romSplapcfi’
og, a triump h ) to t riump h cyter a conguest or g rea t victory obta ined b
yarms. Sedere in equis tr iumph an
t ium p ra textati po tissimfim'
so ent. Cic. Car ius'
cum d e Samnitibustr iumph ésset.
‘
Id . Figurativelz Quod even isse nob i s gaud eo et tr iumph o . Gws . Iuque an imi s hominum pompfi meiiore triumphat.C laud iam—OVARE, to tr iump h in the lesser triump h . Her i '
me ov‘
an
tem et p rope tr iumph antem Populus Ro’
manus in Capitolium‘d omo
tul i t, domam iridered ux it. Cic. Figurativ'
ely: Czed is sucCessu ovans .Ovid . Roman i ovan tes et gratulantes H oratium accipiunt eomajor icumgaudio , quc
‘
) p ropemetum res fuerat. Liv.
2421 . Tr iump hus . Ovatio. Trop hceum.
TRw MPHUs , a tr iump h , a solemnp omp or sho w, granted by the Sena te, at the r eturn
'
of a genera lf rom the wa rs ,f or a considerable 'oic
tory gained over an enemy not before conquered . Qu id h abet i s te cui:rus Qui d vine t i an te currum duces? Quid lega t i in equis, et tr i
bun i Quid clamor militumP Quid to ta illa p ompa? Quid veh i perurbem Cic.
— O VA T IO (f rom ovis ) was an infer ior kind’
of triump h ,in wh ich the genera l entered the city onf oot or on horseback, crownedwi th 7721 fi le , not with laurel, and instead of a bullock, a sheep was sacr i ced
j; whenceits name. Asce
’
nd it ovans in Cap i tol ium MarcusAquilius . C ic.
— TROPHJEUM and TROPJ-EUM , (f rom r pévrw; converto ) a trop hy , sp oils takenf romthe enemy , andfixed up on the trunkof
as a sign and monumen t of victory , erected usually i n the p lacewhere it was ga ined, and consecrated t o some divin i ty, with ananscr iption. Mez enti ducis exuvias , t ib i , magne, trOphaaum, Bellip
o
oteus,
apta t . V i rg. Nova ca‘
ntemus'
Augus t i troph zea . H or . I t i s sa i d of a
heap of a rms raised and disp osed with a rt, to serve as the monument Q]
7552
‘
a victory .
‘ B ic in 1Maéédonia troph aea p osuit, caque qua: bellic'
aa lau
d isvicto r iseque omnes geutes ins ignia et monumenta ess'
e voluerunt.C ic.
! Urbs trophwis bruata , triumph is_
di tata. Id .
: 0 0 '
" TRUDERE ,
't o th rust or p ush with wviolence Trudi ad mor tem. Cic.
T rudi foras .Ph a d . Figur atwely T rud itur dies d ie.Ho r. Fallacia aliaialjam -Da r n un e a iz; (trud erel d e )
'
to detrude or th rustd own, to d islodgef r
'
om.
‘
SuPer iéque Jovem‘d eu'
udere’ regn ie. V ir
'
g.
LEx arcememives; imbres’
d etruserum. Cic‘
. .Figur at ively~ :
.Detrii d ere aliquem d e s ententia . Cic. .-
r Ex r a uD BRE;I to . thr ust sor
. d rive out. zMemiserufia Extrudere domo suz‘
i‘
aliquem. Cic .
-Ex'
tru d ei'eva1iquem inviam,,C ic d xcomp el one to iet~
out . f igura tivelywEx trud er émemes ,H o r ., sp'
eakingof hawlcers cry~
i ng thei r g oods , ~in_or der to sell xtbem the sooner. -
'
ABSTRUDERB; to‘
cast faugzyfl omthe sigh t . s’
ilvamiabsmisi d enet esperam. Cic. Figu rat ively . ”Benitfismbstmsus
Cic. Natura ver itatem in profuudo , pep itus_abstrus it. Abstrudere tristitiam. Tac. f 31
f
TUERI; ,to behold ; IfiTUER r, to ~loolc
,
up on , to behold every nea r f to
view a ttentively . Rectores navium'
p rotectione lz ti'
pis'
cium la sc iviam intuebantur , nec tuend i satietas caperep oterat. Cic. Intuer i so
lemnequimus Id . Aliqui d intuer i in eoque d efixum esse .
.Id .—AS PICERE, th e obsoletewor d sp icere, .and ad ) to look to
wa rds a aspicis me et quidem iratus Cic. Jup iter; aSp ice uos , 10 ,Jup iter, be p rop itious to us .
‘
I
f
«3
iless energy .
—r-PROPUGNA RE , (pugnare pr o ) tofight i n dg enceo « Propugnare p ro arquitate . Cic: PrOpUgnare commod a patn ae,
zuoted in -d ictiozi ar zes , as used by Cicero , is bad Latin Good editionsave,JNon O ppuguar e commoda pa
'
t riae, .verum p ro h is pugnar e . C ic.
—PRDTEG ER‘E, ( tegere spro ) to protect , t o cover fi mn .3 Afr icanus in
acie .M. Halienum sen t o '
p rotex it : Cic .
,
A' ven t o naves’
pro tegere,Cass To shelter sh ipsfmm the‘
wind . Figu ratively : Ego jacen tem et
spo liatum d efendo et p robeg'
o . Cic.— DEFENDERE , (f rom d e a nd the
prop er l , to heep'
ofi out , or away .
'
Defbnd ébat
hoste s a b -
o pp ido.
‘Aul. Ge?' ZEsta tem capel lis'
d efeud eie . H or .
Hune, oro , defende furo rem. V i rg . Defend ere per icula‘
civium. Cic.
A quo iper iculo defend ite civem fo r tem a tque innoceutem. Id .
'
I a
th is sense it sign ifies to d ef en d . Fugaz p raasid lovitam'
defendere. Cic.
TUMERB, to‘ swel l, to g rowbig . Corpus tumet omneveneno . Ovi d.
554
d erep s alicui. Plaut . Figuratively : Obtundere aegr itud inem, Cic.,
To weaken sorrow. Obtundere aures , Id . , To stun one
to cr ash , to tramp le up on . Quos cum h umat e vellent sui, neque possent obtr itos internoscere ullo modo . Cic. Figuratively
'Proster
nere et obterere obtrectationes malevolorum. C1c. Calumniam s tult itiamque obterere et contundere . Id .
2429 . Tun ica‘
. Subucula .
TUN ICA is the upp er tunic the under one was calla l SUBUCULA .
Subucula pexa t rita suhast tunicw. Ho r . I t was a long habit , a ndwithout sleeves . Demiss is tunicia ambulare. Hor . The Trg
'
ans a re
zgpr oached f or using tunics with sleeves . Et tunicze manicas bebent.
1 1'
g .
2430 . Tunica recta . Tunica clava ta . Tunica laticlavio . Tunica‘
angusticlavia .
Th erewere two sorts of tunics ; one quitep la in, and without anypur
p le borders, wh ich was ca lled TUN ICA RECTA. I t was wo rn b the common p eop le . The other was a kind of wa istcoat with an 0 g broadstrip e of purple, like a ribbon , cut in thef ormof na ils, sewed to it onthef ore p a rt it was. calkd CLAVA TA i t was broa d, to dist ing uish itf romthe band wor nbytheEquites, wh ich h aving thef ormof small nailswas called ANG UST ICLAV IA, or angus tus clavus : the tunicwith br oadstr ip es offpu and imitat ing the heads of la rge nails , wasp roper tosena tors, i t called L 1 T 1 0 LAV 1A .
2431 . Turba . Tumultus .
TURBA , t rouble, denotes coiy‘iis ion . Quid in tus turban audio Ter
Turbam facere. l d .-2—TUMU LTU S , tumult . Quid est tumultus , n isr
perturbatio tan ta , ut major tumor oriatnr ; unde et iam nomen ductum est tumultus . Cic. Tumul tus exp resses more than turba.
turba: ac tumultus concitatores fuerun t. Liv.
TURBA is also sa id of a crowd, a mult itude in disorder , on account
g“
the t rouble a ttend ing it. Turba p razd onum. Hor . Stultorum turba .
ic. I n th is sense it is synonymous with multitud O .— MULT ITUDO ,
(f rom multus ) a multitude, a g rea t company or-
number . Ali i mult itud inis j ud icio fer untur , quazque maj o ri par t i pulch errima videntur ,ea max imeexoptant. Cic. Mult i tude h 0minum. Id . Multitud o aut
servi t h umiliter , aut superbe d ominatur . Liv.
2433. Turbulente. Turbulenter. Turbid e.
TURBULENTE and TURBULENTER may somet imes be omiscuouslyused . Agere rem rap tim et turbulen te. Cic. Nos nilu turbulen ter,n ih il temeré faciamus. Id . Itmust h owever be observed tha t turbulen teis better used p assively , and turbulenter is never used but actively . Eo
rum gravitatem constantiamque laud amus, qui non turbulen te h umana patiantur . C ic . I doubt wheth er turbulenter pat i migh t bemause ofi— TURBme relates to th ings. Jactantibus se Opimonibus iconstanter et turbide. Cic.
2434. Turp is . D efi i rnus. Fcedus . Turpiculus . Turp ificatus .
TURPI S, ugly, shameful, dish onourable, is said of both the body and
555
Fuga turp is .Cic.
impurusque v0l d .— Denonm s ,
P‘E '
Par tes cort urpem. Id .
N ih il n imi o
et quasi , ,d
i r l ciu‘
us , (f rom turp is and
ravatjo,et fceglitas .turp ificati
2435. Tutus. Securus.
To r us . (f rom tueri ) saf e, securef nom danger. Ad omnes ictusLiv. Qui locus tam firmumh abui t praesidium, ut ,tutus esse t .
ratively: Male tutae men t i s Orestes d ish is mi nd. (s ine cura ) ea rless, unconcer ned .
modo Securus nostr irr idebasmala. Ph ae Animi securi essedealidufi.
'
Cic. Tutabee era esse p ossunt, securanon posaun t . Sen.
2436. Vacat io . Vacuitas . Immunitas.
VA CAT IO, (fi omvacare ) disp ensa tion , exem
ption , rge. Va
is, Cic., An exemfl ion given byage. electum habere subnibus. Id . Mil i t ia: vacat i o. l d . Vaca t io afi
'
ectuum. I
provmmae. Cic.
2437. Vacca . Juvenca . Ford a .
a. V irg . Ubera yaccze lactea d emittunt .a young cow. Formosa j uvenca . V irg.
Forda ferens bos est , foecuud aque dicta fe
descrera. I’izd imqniurnmissumfacere.
RE, to make a default , not to appea r in cour t
ecoctores qui vad imoma d eserere, quamAd vadimon ium non .venerat, et
.MLSSUM FAcnRe ,'
to d ispense w ith , . or
p a i ring in . court . " Qui quo tempo re.moniis d iti
'
erend is tempus omne consmissum fec
'
e r it . Cic.
Vad imonium obire. Vadimon iumfacere. Vadari .VAD IMON IUM OB IRE , to appear
-before a tr ibuna l , to obeythe“monsf Vadimon iummih i non ob 1 it ;qu1dam soc1na et afi
'
ims. C‘V AD IMON I UM FACERE , to
‘ send the subpcéna'
.
“Vadimon ium nltrd
s r e lthe j udge— V‘
g ive bai l. —Debere-v1s ; p roml tvad ibus accusat or vad atus es t reum,
ed so many suret ies (f the defendant ;
2440. Va lens ; Va lidus . Vegetas . V igens:
V ALENS , (f romvalere) in a good state of health. Medicusrope d iem te valentem fore . Cic. It a lso s ignifies o/
loses h is impetuosi ty a t thefi rst onset . Monte minusco rp o re to to . H o r . Ex mo rbo val idus , Liv. , Perfectly
1. Mens acr is et vigens . Cic. V alensto aegrotus ; val idus
‘
to infirmus i vigens to languid'
d efessus
2441 . Va lgus. Varus . Senurus .VA LGU S , bow- legged, having h is
"
1egs bowed-h aving crooked legs bent inwa rd. Aut varum nu
SCAURUS , h e tha t has g rea t a nk les bunch ing out. H unc
tort is crur ibus, illum balbutits caurum p ravis fultumH er .
21 22. Va l/are. Sep i ra.
VA LLARE , (fromvallus , a stake sharpened a t one end
about, to inclose w i th a rampar t , to intrench . Cas traLiv. Figura t ively Cat il ina st ipatus ch oro j uventucams . C ic.
—‘
SEPIRE, (f romsepss ) to hedge iI t is ta ken in a more genera l sense. Sepire
Natura oculos membran is tenuiss imis vestivit,
guratively An imus comitatu virtut is sep tus.osoPh o rum sep tus . Id.
558
244 8. 1/ar iatio. Varietas .VARIAT IO , a var ia tion , a changing. Cameras Centurize s i
atione ulla Consules eosd em d ixerunt . Liv.— V AR 1 ETA S ,divers i ty.
’
Var ietas ‘Lat inumverbum est, id que pr opr ie inbus color ibus d icitur , sed tran sfer tur in multa d ispa ria. Cic.
tan taanimal iumvar ietate. Id . Flo rum omn iumvarie tas . Id . Surdvarietates vocum noscere non p o tes t . Id .
2449 . Vas, vadis‘
. Froes. Sponsor . Obses.VA S , vad is , a surety , or ba i l tha t under takes for another mdn’
in
cr imina l case, and binds h imself tha t the man impeached sha ll appearon a certa in day. Vas factus est alter ej us sistend i, ut s i ille non r e
ver tisset ad diem, moriend um esse t sib i 1psi. Cic. Tribuni omi ssacer tatione mulctae, rei capitalis diem Posthumio d ixerunt, ac msivadem daret , in car cerem duci j usser 11nt, Posth umiusvad ibus da t isnon afi
'
uit. Liv.— PRE S , a surety in a money ma tter, one who engagesj or another , especia lly to the public, and upon h is default is to make i t
good. Si aut p raed es ded isset Gabinius , aut tantum ex
quan tum litium summa fuisset, popu1us recep isset. Cic.
in poenam capitalis judiem? Vas . Quis cum lis‘fueri t
qu is dabitur ? Fr ie s . Anson. Figura t ively : Praesert imb ri s tanquam p reed ibus me obstr inxer im. Cic. In the
sa id of the propertycitr ity. Ne Lucius
(f rom spondere ) a deed of an
o ther , ar his own. Sponsor p romissorum. Cic. Pompeias i demmih ites t is d e volunta te Caesar is, et sp onsor omn ium re1 um C .
,Nep .
C a s es , (f rom obsi dere, sedere ob ) a hos tage g iven a s a secur i ty f orthe performance of a covenant in war or peace. Obsides nob iliss imi
cuj usque l iberos poscere. Caes . Pompeius spem d ed itionisemi t , obsid esque imperavit. C ic. Figuratively : Sui an imivestram libertatem r eliquit. Cic.
2450. W s, vas is. Vasar ium.
VA S , vas i s, a vessel or any utens il to hold liquor. Vas vinar iC ic. Vasa argentea. H on— VA SAR IL'M , a cupboa rd qf p la te or a
vessels, a lso tha t provis ion of f urn i ture or money , &c . wh ich was al
lowed to a mag istra te when h e we nt into a p rovince.
t ium centies et octOgies , quod quas i vasar ii n omine, inmei cap iti s ascripseras , ex aarar io t ib i attributum Romaereliquisti ? Cic.
’
Vasta lio. l’izsl itas.
VA ST AT IO , a lay ing waste, a deso la t ing , a p 1llagi ng. Defendereurbem a vastatione. Cic. Acces s i t ad eam clad em et vastatio Roman i agr i . Liv.— VA S T 1 TA S , l . Hugeness, bigness , or t es t exten t .V as ti tas trunci , Col ., The la rge s iz e of the trunk of a tree. 2. The
ravage, or tota l ruin of a country la id was te. I tal iam totam ed ex
itium etvastilatemvocas . Cic. Aud istis qumsolitud o esset in r is,
quee vast i tas , guze fuga aratorum, &c. Cic. Figura tively . De re
j ud icio rumvastitatem. C 10 Vas t itas misera qused am et luctuosa“rerumfacies , quaevastationem d irep tionemque sequitur . G. D .
559
2452. Vas tus. Deser tas .VASTQS , (quas i vastatus ) synonymous w i th d eser tus, signifies
desolate, barren . Mons vas tus a natura et h umano caltu.
Solitudovas ta. Cic. Figura t ively clumsy , unpleasant, gross
e tiamsi ingenus atque artevaleant, tamemin o ratorum numerumven i re non possint . Cic.
— DESERTUS ,‘
(deserer e ) deser ted, abandoned.
Deser tae solitud ines Cic. Domusd eserta. Ovi d. Loci celebres etd esert i . Cic. V ia deser ta et inculta . .
~ Id .
2453. Ubique. Ubivis. Ubi ubi . Ubicunque.
UB IQUE, every where, in everyp lace. Grates persolvere dignas nonOp i s est nostrze , D ido ,
’
nec quidquid ub ique est Gen t is Dardanize'
.
V irg.— UB I V I S , any w h ere, wheresoever you please. Nemo est quin
ubivis , quam ubi est esse mali t . Cic.— Um UB I , and UBICUNQUE,
in wha t p lace soever , wherever . Ubi ubi cri t inven ta, mater red imet.Plaut. N ih il est vir tute amabilius ; quam qui‘ adeptus erit, ub icuaque s i t gen t ium, anob i s d iligetur . Cic.
2454. Vector . Vehens .
V ECTOR (f rom-veh ere ) is sa id (f h im who car r ies , and of h imwhois carr ied. S ilen i vector asellus. Ovi d. Summi gubernatores inmaga is tempestatibus svectoribus admoner i solent . C ic .
— VEH EN S
(an adj ect ive) is used pa ssively. Tri ton natantibus inveh ens belluis.
Cic. C1‘
1m1
p raeterveh ens equo sed entem in saxo cruore oppletumConsulemvid isset. Liv.
2455. Veh iculum. Vectura . Vectio .
V EH ICULUM, fromveh ere) a car , waggon, or chariot . Comparare fur torumveh iculum. Cic. Veh iculum tr iumph ale. Id . Veh iculum quo purgamenta
‘
h or torum erip iuntur . Tac.— VECTURA ,
carriage, por terage, money'f or carriage. Misimus qui p ro vecturasalvet at . Cic. Tres minas‘ p ro istis d uobus, p raeter vecturam, dedi .Plaut .— V ECT IO , the ca rrying or por terage. Etficimus d omitu nos troquad ruped umvectiones. Cic.
2456. Vel. Ve. Aut.
VEL, or , even . Vel adest, vel non . Plaut . Multorumvel h onor i ,vel periculo servire . Cic. Haec sun t omn ia ingeni i vel mediocr is .Id . Ui vel per ire maiuerit quam perdere
‘
omn ia. C ic. Vel'
is ele
goa tly used w i th a superla t ive. Vel maximé ; vel min imum. Cic.
VE, or , ei ther, is placed only after a word . Bis , terve . Cic. Gum
eam mtas, tempes tasve consumpser it. l d .— AUT , or , or fi e, either .
I t is g len disj unct ive. Res ipsa aut Reipublicae tempus , aut meipsum, quod nolim, aut alium quemquam aut invitabit, aut d eh ortab itur . Cic. Aut is somet imes used interrogat ively . Aut ego nesmebam
quorsum tu ires ? Ter .
2457; Velare. Amicire. Obnubere.
.V ELARE , ( fromvelum ) tovei l, to cover -over . Capu tvelare.
.
Cic.
Fr onde .velamus, templa Deum. V irg . Croceo velantur am1ctu .
Ovid. Figura tively Scelus scelerevelare, Sen To h ide one crime
w i th another .— AM IC IRE , to cover, to w rap up. Vel is amictos, nontogis. Cic. Amicta o ssa lur idapelle. Hor. fi gur a tively . Amicitur vitibus Ovid .
— OBNUBERE, (f romob and nubes ; properly ,to cover w i th a cloud. Mare o bnub it terras , ut nubes ccelum.
-Var .
I t i s genera lly used to' express cover ing wi th avei l. Caput obnube l i-g‘
berato ris pa tria . Liv.
2458 . 1/ellere. Perveller eVELLERE , to pull, to p luck, to tea r away. Barbam t ib iveilunt las
c 1v1 puell1 H or . Ex patell is vellere emblemata. C ic. Pisces vellere ex mquore. H o r. Pos tes é cardine vellere. V irg.
— PenmanL ERE adds to themeaning of vellere, to p luck out in a violen t manner,to p ull (fl . Pervellere aurem p orcello . Ph aed Figura t ively . Per
vellere Jus c ivile, Cic. , To decry civi l law . Qual ia lassum pervellunt"stomach um, H o r Capable of exci t ing an appeti te. Si te dolor il l i -3
;
qui s pervellerit, Cic. , If you lie under any afl iction . Fo rtuna te per - fvellere p otui t, Id ., For tunemay have been unkind to you.
2459 . Velum. Dolon .
V ELUM, used f or a sa i l, is sa id of the ma in- sa il , and DOLON of thetopmos t-sa il. Posteaquam Praetoriam navem relictis soci i s vela d antemvidere, sublatis rap tim d olonibus capessunt fugam. Liv.
2460. Velum. Velamentum. Velamen .
V ELUM , a vei l, any p iece Qf s taj'
or linen hid ing a th ing .
‘
Vel isamicti , n on tOgis. Cic. Figurat ively : Obtendere vel is rem al iquam,
C ic. To dissemble, to disguise a th ing .-V ELAMENTUM , and in p oetry
V ELAM EN, a vei l, a cover ing cy’
any
c
thing . V elamen ta et infulaz. Tac .
Ramos oleae et velamenta al ia supplicum porr igentes, orare, ut re
ciperent sese . Liv. Circumtex tum croceo velamen acanth o . V i rg .
Caeruleavelamina ind uitur . Ovid .
2461 . V ela l . Sicut.
V ELUT , like, like as , does not a lways imp ly a compar ison. Bestim'
qua gignuntur in terra, velut crocod ili. Cic.— c U
'
r a lways deno tesa compar ison. Si me, sicut soles , amas . Cic. Me sicut alter um par entem observat. Id . So if I say, inced it velut rex , i t s ignifies, hewa lks as if he were a king ; but inced it sicut rex , s ignifies, he walksas the king
' does, sicut rex inced it.
V BNALI S , to be sold, set to sale. Venales h o rt i . Cic. Venales merces .
'
Hor. F1guratively : Venalis scrip tor . Cic .—VEND I BTL I S
, sa le
a ble, easy to be sold . V ino vendib ili suspensa h ede ra nih il opus est.
Co l. V end ibilis o ra t io , Cic. A good d 1scours .e O rato r vend ibilis,I d , A passable counsel. V ia vend ibil is , Id ., Agood road, or , according to Doletus , a public road.
V s s emcus , (venenu
um faciens ) a poisoner . Veneficum nudes ap
p ellare eumvi rum . qui tuis veneficiis remedia inveniat ? Cic.— Vi :
N ENATUS , venomous, envenomed. V ipers.venenata. Cic. Telamvenenatum. Id . Fgurat1vely Munera venenata .
ABDOMEN, thefla t of the lower part of the belly . Montan i quoqueventer ades t abd omine tardus . Juv. Abdomen insaturab ile maneb at. C ic.
2470 . Verber . Scut ica . Flagrum. Flagellum. V irga . Ferula . Fustis .
Lorum.
V ERBER, (not used in the nomina t ive s ingular ) a long and th in ias trument to bea t w i th . a wh ip it is thegenera l word. l ctu verber isincrcpuit equos . Ovi d . It is sa id of the blow s themselves. Necare ali
quemverber ibus . Cic. Figura t ively : Metuentes patruaeverbera lin‘
gum, H o r. , D reading the severe rep roaches (f an uncle.
— SCUT ICA ,
(f rom a nur ag, lea ther ) a scourge or wh ip made of lea ther thongs . It 1s
i nd erstooa'
of a s ligh t pun i shment . Ne scut ica d ignum h or ribili sectereflagello . Hor. -FLA GRUM, and i ts diminut ive FLAGELLUM , a wh ip,a scourge, a lash , used to scourge slaves and cr imina ls . Flagr is cmd ere.
Liv. Caesus flagellis ad mo r tem. Cic.-V IRGA , a tw ig , a r od . Th is
p un ishment was less disg raceful than beingfl ogged w ith flagr um. Po r
t ia lex vi rgas ab omn ium civium Romanorum corpore amovit : h 1cmiser icors flagella retulit. Cic. Miser icors here is 1a irony .
— FE
R ULA , a herb like big f ennel, the sta lk Qf wh ich was used to chast isech i ldren. Ferulae tris tes , sceptra paedagogor um, cessent . Juv. 0 1dp eop le used i t as a walking - stafi
‘
. Senex t'
erulat i tuban tes ebr ius ar tussustinet . Ovid .
— Fo n t s , a club,a stafi
’
, a cudgel . Caput Iumbosquesaligno fuste dolat . H on — Lo num, a thong of lea ther, a strap . Cmd ere lori s. Cic. Uri lor is. H or . Open ere lori s usque ad necem.
Ter .
2471 . Verb'um. Vox.
V ERBUM , a word, a saying. Verbum non amplius addam. Hor .Verbavolup tatis d ign itatem non h abent . Cic.
— Vox , a vo ice, a no iseor sound coming out of themouth . Fractasque ad littora voces. V irg.
Ad vocis soni tumves t igia torsit. Id . Suntverba et voces , quibush unc len ire d olo rem p ossis. Hor. It is a lso used to s ign ify a word.
Ad d ere voces lacrymis . Ovid . A tque h aze una vox omnium est. Cic.
I t is a lso sa id of a vowel. C reb ra vocum concursio , Cic., The con
course ar shock ofvowels .
2472. Vere. Kerb. Ver itm.
V a ne , indeed, ver i ly , 1 11 truth . H onestum quod p rop r1e ,verequed icitur , 1n sapientibus solis . Cic. Jus t ly. Pompeius vere j ud icat .C ic. S ivere cogitare volumus. Id .
— V £ Ro somet imes s ign ifi es yea ,
t ruly . Non vero tam i s t i mo r tui sun t , quam tu nugato r. C ic. Quodenim is qui d ivinat, p rzed icit, 1d vero futurum est. Somet imes i t sign ifi es but. Quod rep reh end end um for tasseminus . queerend um veromagi s et iam videtur. Cic.
— V ERUM , but, but yet Verum h oc, utd ix i , n ih il ad me. Cic. Por tas se non recte , verum p raeter ita omi ttamus . Id . It mus t be observed, tha t bef orevero , sig nifying but, someword ough t to be p laced. It would not be r igh t to say Po rtasse non
recte, vero p raeterita omittamus ; but p raeterita vero omittamus.
2473. Vernaculus. Domes t icus
V ERNACULUS , that belongs to the country where one l ives , or whereoac is born ; proper and part icular to the country . Res quotidianee et
vernaculae. Cic. Vernacul i ar tifices. Liv. Vernacula festivitas, Cic.,
Gaiety , thew i tt icism of our country . Vernacula l ingua. l d .— DOMES
T ICU S , (f rom. domus ) domest ic, if the same house. Ex terna l ibentifisin tal i re, quam domestica record or . Cic. Tabellar ii domes t ici . Id .
C rimen domes t icam et vernaculum. l d . Domes t icus nativusquesensus . Id .
2474. Versura . Ver suramfacer e. Versurd solvere.V ERSURA , ( fromver tere ) p roperly, the turning of oxen
in the p lough a t the land's end . Versnra summa, Cbl ., The end 4 the
f urrow . I t is cyten usedfigura tively.— VERSURAM FACERE, Cic., To
take up money of one at grea t interest, in order to pay a debt to another .—V ER SURA SOLVERE , to pay by chang ing credi tors, wh ich is the
samemean ing expressed d ifier ently. In eod em luto h aesitas : versura.
solvis, Ter ., You are s t i ll in the same case you s top one hole by open
ing another .2475. Ver tere. Versare.
V ERTERE, to turn . Vertere terga. Liv. Terrain ver tere ferro a
V irg. Figura t ively Jamverterat for tuna. Liv. Id crimin iver titur '
quod glor iae esse debet . Cic. In voluntate tua to tum i d ver titur , IdA ll tha t is ent irely depending on you.
— V ERSARE, (f requenta t ive of
vertere ) to turn twen. Cylind rumvolvi , et turb inemversat i pu tes.C ic. Figura t ively: Animam versat cup ido regn i , vel pavoi' . Liv.Bandem rem mult is modis smpé versare. Cic. Ad omnem fraudemet malitiamversare men tem suam. Id. Ver tere would be less exp ress ive. H uncversat ament ia, Hor., He is out of h is senses .
2476 . Veru. Verutum.
V ERU , a sp i t or br anch , a kind of long dar t used in war . Prunas
subj icinnt ver ubus. V irg. Et tereti pugnant mucrone, veruqueSabello . Id .
— V ERU TUM , a shor t and narrow dar t , headed w i th iron,lihe a na rrow sp i t . Verutum in bal teo d efigitur . Liv. Verutis in
corpora ipsa fix is . Id .
2477. Verus . Veraz . Ver id icus.
V enus , true. Ri dendo dicere verum quid vetat ? Hor . Interh unc et illumverum et germanum Metellum multfim interes t. Cic.
Just. Nonverifii
s est a singulis repetere oflicii fructum, qnam ab omn iba s . Cic. Metit i se quemdae suo modulo ac pede verum est .H o1
'
.
— VERAX, tha t loves the truth , true of speech . Vates verax . Ovid .
O racul umverax . Cic. H erod otum cur veraciorern ducam Enn i o?l d .
— VERID ICUS , (verum d icens ) speaking the truth . Verid iceevocesex occul to missaa. C ic. It is a lso used i nstead ofverus . Verid icas
adj ungis causas inimicitiarum. Cic.
2478 . Velare. Impedire.
V ETARE, to j b r bid , to command a th ing not to be done. Lex peregr inumvetat in muruma scend ere. Cic. Aruspex vetuit ante brumam aliqui d novi nego t ii accipere. Ter .— IMPED IRE, (synonymousw ithvetare ) to obstruct, to impede. Quod si corpor is gravior ibp s mot :bis
‘vitae j ucund itas imped itur, quantc‘
) magis animimorbis impedm
necesse est ? Cic.
2 O 2
2479. I/eteranus. Emer i tus .YETERO
ANUST,
‘
a veteran , one long p ractised or experienced in a trade«or’profess ion. Veteranus
'
h os t is. L1v. Veteranus latro . Propert . Vetetanus mi les, Ci c.
,A veteran
,a soldier who had served twen ty years
i n i nfantry, or ten tn cava lry, and was dischargedf rommili tary duty .
O
— EMER I TUS , who h as served h is t ime in an emp loyment. Miles eme .
r1 tus . Lucan. Boves emeriti . V irg. Emeritum ar
'
atrum.Ovid .
2480. Vexar e. Fa t iga re.
VBXARE, (f requen ta t ive of’veh ere ) tovex, to tormen t. Qui fertur
atqud h fic atgue illl‘
i c d istrah itur , is vexari p rop rie dici0
Vexare p rovmciam. Cic. Sollicitud o vexat imp ios.
Id.
Q inomma d ivi na et h umanaviolarint , vexarint , perturbarint , everterint. Id . Vexare pecuniam. Sen .
—FAT IGA an, (fat im agita re ) tofa tigue, to weary, to harass. Fat igar i a stu. Ows . Qui aliquand ifipugna atroe1 cum et semei ip si fatigassent. Liv. Qu i non verb issun t, sed carcer ibus fatigand i. Cic. Quaemare nunc, terrasquemetu,caalumque fatigat . Virg.
248 1 . V ia r ias. Via t icus. Vi o larias .V ltm'
d s, (f romvia ) of or belong ing to ways or s treets. V iaria lex,C ic .
, t he law about the roads and s treets, and the repa ir ing of them.
Vfi'A r ICUs, perta in ing to a j ourn rela t ing to a traveller . V iat ica
Lama, Plaut .,‘
A welcome home. .
IATOR IUS,of or per ta ining to tra
vellers. Cubilia viator ia, Plin . , Hammocks. H orologiumviator iumpens ile, V itruv., A por table dia l.
2482. V icin ia . Vicihitas. Confinium.
V IC IN IA, (f romvicusgneighbourhood or vicinage of p laces or th ings.
Notit iarii vicin ia feci t. ‘ vid . Mann , tan ta est vicinia, tango . Id .
Figurhtively: Diversai'
um rerumquasivicin ia. Cic.— V IC IN ITA s, the
r eldlion or union between neighbours. Cum eo mih ivicinitas et magnus usus est. Cic. I t is used in the sense ol
'viciniavCantu nervorumvicinitas to ta personat. Cic. Figurat ively : Ar t ium stud iorumque
quas i finitima vicinitas . Cic.— CONFIN IUM, (f rom cum and finis )
bound,‘
confi nes. In omni re contrah endfi. in confinns aequume f acilem esseconvenit. Cic. Figurat ively : Confinialuci s et noctis ,vid ., Twiligh t. Patuit co
'
nfiniiim art i s et fals i . Tac.
2483. Visa. Vicissitudo.
VV ICI S (used only in the gen i t ive, accusative, and abla t ive singular;
but in a lmos t ‘
a ll i ts cases in the’
plhr a l ) is a very ge neral word s tead ,hfiice, piace,
’
pa rt, case,“
fa te. Jta d uo d einceps reges, al ius al iavice ,ille bello , h ic pace,.civitatem auxerunt. Liv. Per speciem funge
'
nde
al ienee vicis . Id. Spatiurn d iei excipiunt noct is vices. Ph ard . Mutat
terra vices . Hor. Plus simplicivice, Id . , Tw ice theva lue or uantity.
Fungarvice co t is . l d . DolerevitemReipublicze‘. Cic.
’ieswr inoccasu ves tra nec tela
'
, nec ullas'vitavisse‘vices. V irg.
— V imssr r u
DO , ( fromvicis )'
an a lternat ive,'
the succeeding of one th ing to another,iii its course, vicissi tude, revolut ion. B ierum‘
ac no’
ctiumviciss itud o .
Cic. Taedi‘
um aufert vicissitud o . Id . Omn ium rerumvicissitudo est,Ter ., All th ings are cont inually chang ing in th is world.
aequiore. Cic.-V I S ITARE
, f requentat ive ofvisere ) to comeMen to
see or tovzszt. Cumwsd asset h ominem Carneades . Cic.
2488 . Vietus . D ecr ep itus.
V IB'
I‘
US , fromviere, to bend, wr inkled, w i thered, des t i tute ofs trength . H ic est vetus ,vietus ,veternosus senex . Ter . V ietum et
cad ucum. Cic. Bovis cor vietum fui t , Id The hea r t of tha t or was
comp letely decayed . V ieta membra. H 0 r .— DECREFI TUS , very old ,
decrep i t, crazy. Decrep itus senex . Cic. E tas decrep ita. Id . Anus
.d ecrep ita. Ter .
2489 . Vigere. Vigescer e.
V IGERE, (quas i vim agere ) to be in s treng th or vigour , both in thena tura l and mora l sense. V igere corp or ibus . Liv. V igere animo .Cic.
Leges V1gent. Id . Apud eos venand i et equitand i laus viget. Id .
YIGESCERE, to grow lively , br isk, or act ive. Jam laeti s tudio pedeswgescunt . Tibul .
2490 . Vigilantia . Diligent ia .
V I GILAN T IA , (f romvigil ) vig i lance. It leaves noth ing neglected.
Utvos tutam tranquillamque for tunam trah eretis , meaperfecivigil an t ia. Cic. Vigilantiam tuam tu mih i narras . l d .
— D IL IGENT IA ,says Popma , est in d eligend o s ingula, et discernendo . I t sign ifi es diligence, tha t caref ulness wh ich does not omi t the leas t th ing . Th is wordincludes many meanings. Ars d emonstrat, ubi quaeras , atque ubi siti llud quod stud eas inven ire : reliqua sun t in cura, attentione an imi ,cogitatione, vigilantia, as sid uitate, labore ; complectar uno verbo ,quo saepej am usi samus, diligen t ia, quaunavir tute omnes virtutesrel iquae continentur . Cic.
249 1 . Vig i la re. Excubare.V IG I LARE , to wa tch , to sit up a ll n igh t , to awake from sleep . V i
gllare ad mul tam noctem. Cic. Si quis ad frumen t i acervumvigilatcum longo fus te. Hor . Figura t ively V igilare p ro re al ter ius . C ic.
— EXCUBA RE, to lie out, to stand or keep sentry. Excubare p ro por
t is . Liv. Excubare in mur is . Cass. Figura t ively Ex quo intell ig i
p o tes t curam Reipub lica: summe d efend endae j asmpr i'
dem apud nos
excubare. Cic. Semper an imo sic excubat, ut s i n ih il imp rovisum
possit accid ere. Id . In lecto vig ilare p ossumus , non excubare.
2492. Vi ndicare. Asser er e.
F: V I N DICARE, to ma inta in the righ ts, to warrant . Ita vin d icaturV irgin ia Spondentibus p rOp inquis . Liv. V indicate se ex istimationi
h 0minum, Cic. , To secure to one’s- self the es teem of men . In -
servi tutemvind icar i . Id . V ind icari in posterum d iem, Liv., To have the pr ovisiona l possession g ranted t i ll the next day.
— AS S ERERE (as we consider it in th is p lace) is to secure a situa t ion by cla iming i t . Asserere
se , Ovid To set one' s -self a t liber ty . Asserere aliquemmanu, Ter .,
To set one free. Claudio client i negotium dedi t, ut virginem in ser
vitutem assereret, Liv., He ordered Claudius, his client, to cla im V1r
ginia a s his slave.
56
2493. V indicare. Ulcisci.
V IND ICA RE does not a lways s ignify to avenge, becausepun ishment issomet imes necessary to ma inta i n th e r zgh ts . V ind icare is especia lly sa idof the laws and magistrates. Dolus malus legibus erat vind icatus .
C ic. Maleficia vind icare. Id . Te valdevind icavi , Id . , [ have comp letely revenged the inj ury done to you.
—ULC I SC I , to revenge, to pun ish , is sa id of any person whatever . ,
Ultus est crud elitatem h uj usV ictorian Sylla. C ic. Odi h ominem et odero ; u t inam ulcisci pos
sem sed lllum ulciscentur mores sui. Id . Ulcisci aliquem a lso sig_nifies to revenge the inj ury done to anybody. Fratres cmsos ulcisci .Ovid . So tha t ulcisci aliquemmay s ign ify to take revenge of, or in
f avour of one.
2494. Vindicta . V ind ica tio. Vind iciw . 1
V IND ICTA from Vind icius, the slave ty‘
V i tellius, whowas publiclymade free, for h aving discovered a consp iracy aga ins t the liber ty of theRoman peop le in j itvour of Ta rauinius their last k ing ) is, p roper ty, ar od wh ich was la id on the head of a servan t wh en he was made f ree.
Ille p r imum d icitur ' vindictaliberatus. Qu idamvind ictm quoquen omen tractum ab illo putant : Vind icio ips i nomen fuisse. Postillum observatum, ut qui ita l ibera t i essent, in civitatem accepti vid erentur . Liv. Livy does not. take th is etymology upon h imself . The
magistra te s t ruckgen t ly , w ith a r od called vindicta, the man tha t wassnade f ree, turned h im round in a ci rcle, and , g iving h im a blow on the
cheek, let h im go, s ign ifying tha t leave was granted h im to go where hep leased. Neque censu, neque vindicta, neque tes tamen to , l iber factus est. Cic. It a lso s ignifiesvengeance. Suscipere vind ictam legis .Cic.
— V I ND ICA T I O , an aveng ing . V ind icatio est per quamvis et
inj ur ia, et omnind quod obfuturum est, defendendo aut ulciscend o
p ropulsatur , et per quam peccata punimus. Cic.— V I ND I CUE, the
a sser t ing or clea r ing a th ing f rom con troversy ,a rej oinder at law , an
en ranch isement. Abj ud icare vind icias . Liv. V ind icias p ostulat e,I To dema nd the p rov1siona l possession of a th ing contes ted . V indic ias secundum liber tatem dare, Id . , To decree in f avour of f reedom.
2495. Vi nea . V i t is . Viticuta . V inetum.
V INEA , a vine- tree, a vineyard . Vulpes alta in Vineaappetebaf:uvam. t d . Imputata vinea. Hor. Pra t is et vineis res rusticaelactae sun t . Id . V inea pubesé it . V irg.
— V IT I S , a vine. Pr opagatio
Vi t ium. Cic . Amicta vitibus ulmus . H os. In censum referatur vinea.
quot Vi tes h abeat. Ulp .— V I T ICULA ,
'
a littlevine, a sma ll vineyard.
At en imminora Dii negligun t, neque agellos singulorum, nequevit iculas persequun tur . C lC .
— V 1 N EI UM , a so i l f ull of vineya rds . V i
neta et ol iveta. Cic. Ad escam non expedi t instituere vine ta. Col.
V inetum is a country planted w i th vines ; and Vinea is thevineyard ofan individua l.
2496 . V inece . Pluteus . Cra tes . Testudo .
V INEfE, says Livy , ins trumentum bellicum,l igui s compactum,
la
tum pedibus octo, altum sep tem,longum sexd ecim,
tectum duplic il igno, cratibusque contex itun; latera quoque vimine sepiuntur , ne
saxorum ac telorum impetu perfr ingantur ex trinsecus na crementur , orud i s ac recentibus cor iis integuntur . Cum plures fuer int, j un
568
guntur ordine, sub quibus Oppugnautes tut1us ad muros subruend osp ugnant
‘
. V ineze , says Justus Lipsius, mach inae lignis et cratib us con,tex tae, ac terraadoper tae qua: subj ectis ro t is impellebantur . Harum,tecto muni t i obsid entes vel murorum fundamen ta sub ruebant ferro ,vel ar ietemmocnibus incutiebant. Cond uctze vineaa sunt , p o natur
acerr ime. ClQ.— PLUTEU S , or Pluteum,
the cover or top of
u
the ga l.lery in wh ich soldiers made their approach es, a shelter in the form of a.turret over th e heads of those who played the ba t ter ing engines . Therei s th is (lifl
'
erence, according to some authors , th a t Plutei erant similes ,illis append iculis , quas md ificiis applicamus, et tectum in unam partem d evexum h abebant ; V ineae in utramque partem d evex itatémtect i h abebant. Sempel h ostibus spes victor iae red integrabatur , eo
magis quod d eustos p luteos tur r iumvid ebant, nec facile adire opertos ad auxiliand um aniin adver tebant. Cass. Adeoque (nix ) pluteosacvincas Romanorum operuerat, ut ea sola ignibus aliquoties con
j ectis ab h os te e t iam tutamentum fueri t . Livw —CRATES , a hurdle, abundle of rods wa t t led together . wh ich was covered w ith earth , to makea h iding-place f or soldiers . Ibi mediis feré castr is locus est conseptus cratibus, p luteisque et
‘
linteis contextus . Liv. Pluteos, cratesque etvineas sufi
'
od iend is muri s expedi te . Tac.— TE STUDO , a shell
crab, or tor to ise. Scut is , says Livy , super capi ta d ensatis, s tantibusp rimi s , secund is submissior ibus, tertns magi s et quar t is , p ostremise t iam genu nix is, fastigiatam, sieut tecta md ificiorum sun t , testud inem faciebant. And in another p lace, Sublatis super cap i ta scut is ,continuatisque inter se tes tudine fact -asubibant . Tes tudo was a lso awarlike engine or fence, mad e of boards covered over w i th r aw hides ,to cover th e p ioneers and bes iegers . Reliquisque d iebus turres ad al t itud inemvalli, falces, testud inesque parar i ac facere coeperunt. Caes .
2497. Vinosus. V inolentas. V 1nar 1us Potus . Temule ntus.
V I NOSUS , g iven to drinking , fi nd of w ine V in i vinosus laudes cantabat Homerus . Hor . Convivia vinosa, Ovid , Repasts wher ein a
g rea t dea l of w ine is drunk.— V 1N0 LENTUS , tha t i s drunk. In ter so
b r i os bacch ar ivinolentus videtur. Cic. Med icaminavinolenta, Id .,
Medicinesmadew i th w ine.— V I NAR IUS , of or belonging to w ine. Vas
vinar ium. Cic. C rimenvinar ium, lawsui t begun on account
of the tax onwiné. -‘
POTUS , (as we consider i t in th is p lace, ) tha t is indr ink, drunken . Domumbene p o tus red ierat . C ic. Adde inscitiam
p ransi, po t i , oscitantis duci s . Id .— TEMULENTUS , (f rom temetum,
strong w i ne f uddled, cups/wt. Temulenta es. Ter . Medio diei te
mulentus. ac . Figura t ively . G ravibus oculis p ressavoce ettemulenta. Cic.
2498 . V inum fug iens. Vinum evanescens .
V INUM FUG IEN S , f la t , dead wine, beg inn ing to grow sour . Qvinum fugiens venda t sciens, d ebeatne d 1eere . Cic .
— V INUM EVAN ESCEN S , decayed w ine. De vino aut salsamento putes loqui, qua:evanescunt vetustatc. Cic.
2499 . Violen tas . Vehemens.
V IOLENTUS ,violent ,fi er ce. Quamvis s is violentus et furens . Cic.
Aperv1olentus. Ovi d . Opesviolentia , Cic., A power go t ten byviolence. Tempestas violentissima. l d .
—VEH sMENs (quasi vis men
a tta in a ll tha t is good, whether any thing is to beundertaken or endured .
Appellata est ex v11' o vi rtus . Cic. V irtus est alfectio an imi con
s tans , conveniensque ,laudab iles efficiens eos in quibus est. Id . V ir
tus in tempes ta te qu ieta est, et lucet 1n tenebr is, et pulsa loco manettamem, a t que h aeret in patr ia, splend etque per sese semper, nec alieni s unquam, sord ibus obsolescit. l d .
-F0 RT I T UD0 is the grea tnessof the soul, especia lly in bear ing or endur ing troubles or ha rdsh ip s .Fo r titud o est considerata p er iculorum susceptio , et laboram perpess io. Cic. Fo rtitud o est d olorum labo rumque contemptio . Id . For
t itud o est an imi affectio in ad euud o periculo , et in labore ac dolorepat iens . Id .
2505.
'V is . Vi res.V I S is sa id «J strength in genera l. Nos tra omnis vis in animo et
corpore s i ta est. Sall. Ingen i i vis. Id . Defendere vimvi. Id . V is
consili i expers mole ruit sua. Hor. 1 t exp resses abundance. Max imavis aur i et argen t i . Cic. V is often expresses, in good authors
, wha tmodern ph i losophers expr ess by the barbarous word essen t ia, the essence,or characteris t ic of a th ing . V is rerum. Cic. Materia h abet vime t naturam suam. Id .
—V I RES is only sa id of the s treng th of the body .
Cumme d eficerevires cmp issent . Cic. V i1' max imiso
viribus . Id .
V 1scer a Intest ina . I t ta . Exta . Prcecord ia .
V I SCERA , en tra i ls tn genera l, a ll the inward par ts if any an imal .H eu quan tum soclus est i n vi sceraviscera condi , congestoquc avid um p inguescere corpore corpus ! Ovid . F1gura tively . ]Erar 1 1v1scera. Cic. Ex lpSIS causee visceribus . Id . Vi scera mont is . V irg .
V i scera terrm, Lucret. The dep th s of the ear th .— INTEST INA , (from
in tus ) intes t ines , bowels , guts . Reliquiae cib i d epelluntur tum as
t ringentibus se intestinis, t um relaxantibus . Cic. C 1‘
1m gravi ter exintestinis laborarem. Id . Mih i inanitate in testinamurmuran t , Plaut .,My belly cr ies Cupboa rd .
— IL IA ar e properly the flanks, the pa rt between the end of the r ibs and the h ips. Ima il ia longo singultu tendun t . V irg. Ut aliquand o i s ta ilia, quae sun t inflata , r umpantur .C ic. Il ia ducere, H or . To be out of b ,rea th to pufi
'
and blowEXTA , (f rom ex tarc, l ecause they are in the upper p art of the l ady)the ch ief entra i ls, as the hea rt , liver , lungs . Puerorum ex tis Deosmanes mactare. C ic. Pecud um ex tis moveri. l d .
— PRE CORD IA ,(f rom p ree and co r ) the midrgfi
'
, or skin tha t par ts the hea r t and lungsf rom the other entrai ls . Ex ta bomin i ab inferi orevi scerum par te se
parantur membranis , qua: p rmco rd ia appellan t , quia cordi p raetend untur . Plin. C 1
‘
1m j am in p raecord iis conceptammortem con t ineret. Cic. Fzgur atively V ict is redi t in p raecordia vir tus . V irg. Sto
l idze p razcord ia men t is . Ovid . Aper it p raecordia Liber, H or W inemakes our though ts and afl
'
ections manifest .
2507. V is io. V isas. V isum.
V I S I O , the act or f aculty of seeing . Fals?1 vis ione ac specie mover i Cic. Cui est visio falsi ver ique communi s . l d . Also a vision,a phantom. Quas ph antas ias e c i vocant ; nos sane vis ionesQu inn— V i s a s , the sense ty
'
sigh t. Efi‘
ugo
ere vi sus alicuj us. Ovi d .
Mul ta p robaba visum quemdam h abent 1nsignem et illus trem. Cic.
I t 1: a lso said of a vis ion. Noctur nusvisus. Tac.—V I SUM is p ro
'
57 1
we ; avision, any th ing set before one to behold. V i saCic. V i sum 1mp 1
°
1mit et quas 1 signa l: in ammo suamspeciem.
. Id . H ocvi sum null i , non ips1 effata soror i . V irg .
2508 . V i ta . V ictus .
V I TA , life. V i ta brevis est. Cic. V i ta corpore et Sp ir i tu con
t inetur . Id . Tolerat e vi tam p omis agrestibus et p rofiuente aqua.
Id . V i ta in V irg i l is sa id qf souls or ghosts . Et ui doc ta comestenues sine corporevi tas admoneatvoli tare cava sub imagine fOI
’
IUlE .
V irg.— V ICTUS , sus tenance, th ings necessaryto l if e. Victum intelli
g imas consuetam d egend i et vescend i rat 1onem. Cic. Nunc planenec victum, nec vi tam ullam
,colere po ssum. Id . V i ta victusque
commums m am1c1s V igent max ime. Id . V ictus tenuis , living,
a t a
sma ll expense, (1 f rugal s lij e. H ominumvi ta multum d istat a cultu et
victu bestiarum.
‘Id .
2509 . V i t iam. Vitiositas.
V IT IUM , a .blameable act ion proceedingf rommenta l depravi ty, vice.
Quod,per se ipsum vi tuperab ile est, i d eo ipso vi t ium nominatum
put o . C ic. V i t ium is opposed to vir tus . Pracmia p roposi ta sun t virtutibus, et suppl icia vitiis. Cic. Figura t ively V i t ium in oratione .
Cic. Quivaletud inis vitio furunt. Id . Si n ih il est in par ietibus autt ecto vitii. l d .
— V 1 T I O S I TA S , viciousness, f ault iness, habi tua l defect .V itiositas est h ab i tus , aut afi
'
ectio in 10 11 vi tainconstans,et ase ipsa
d issentiens . Cic. Mal i t ia cert i cuj usdamvit1 1 nomen est,V itiositas
omn ium. Id . Nih il in se vi tu pat i tur religiosus , -bonaeque fameeup id us ad olescens ; cor rup ti et perdi t i , V itiositas, et semp er cup id itati servientis est. G. D .
2510. Vi tr icus. Sacer .V ITRICUS , a s tep -f a ther, a name g iven by ch ildren to their mother
’ssecond husband. Ad sepulturam corpus vitrici sui megat ame datum.
C ic.— SOCER , a f ather - ih - law , a name g iven by a husband to h is wife
’s
f a ther, or by a wife to her husband’s j a ther . Ad emit Albino socer i
nomen mors filiae. Cic.
251 1 . V ivere. V i tam degere.
V IVERE , to live, to be a live. Nemo est tam seneXJ qui se annum
non putet p ossevivere. C ic. Itavivere ,ut non s i t vivend um,
mi
ser r imum est . Id . Non sp iri tu , sed vir tut i s laude vivimus. Id . V i tamet arborem e t iam d icimusvivere . l d .
— V ITAM DEGERE is sa id of thecourse if one
’s life. Quod reliquum est vi tae, in otio K h odi degam.
C ic . In egestate d egcre vi tam. 1d . Non verevivit n is i qui cumvir tutevi tam d egi t . G. D
2512. V ivus. Vim . mi nus. V i ta lis.
V IVU S,living , tha t is a live. Ex turbar i é numero vivorum. Cic.
I t is a lso said of inan ima te th ings . V ivoque sedilia sax o . V i rg. Flu
men vivum. Liv. Dat d e lucro , n ih il d etrah it d e vivi s , C ic ., He
g ives out of h is own p rcy‘its, w i thout inj ur ing the pr incipa l.— V 1 VAx,
long- lived, vivacious . S ilva vivacis ol ivae. V irg . V ivax cervus . Id .
Vivacior h aeres. H or . Grat ia sermonum vivax . l d .— V ivinvs ,
lively, quick, vigorous. Bellovivi davirtus . V i rg . V ivid um inge
n ium, Liv., A noble mind.— V 1 1‘AL1 s , belonging to life, -tha t
life. Ros vital i s . Cic. , speaking cf the milk of wet-nurses. V ia-3vitales , Ovid . , The organs of resp i ra t ion. Aura vi tal is , V i rg., Thea ir wh ich we brea the and [me by. [t is a lso sa id of a man who pr eserves life. U t s isvi tal is me tno , Hor [f ea r you w i ll not live long .
Tam immature magnum ingenium non est vi tale. Sen.
251 3. V ix . V ir dum. E gre.
V IX, scarcelyf Ea lex vix , aut omnind non p o tes t abrogari. Cic .
— V IXDUM, ha rdly,speaking af l ime. Haec omn1a ,
vixd um j amcmtu no s tro d imisso ,
comper i .— 1’
EGRE , (f rom anger ) with muchado , w it/1 d ifiiculty, g r ievously. Ut s i quis mgre ferat se pauperemesse . C ic. . ZEgré ras tris ter ram r imantur . Virg. Inveterata vitiaa grius d epelluntur . Cic. Bum p rope ‘
esse .videut , quoren t mgrius. Id .
2514. Ult imi‘
na . Ultimb.
ULT IMUM , for the las t t ime. Errabund i domos suas ul t imumi llas visuri pervagantur . Liv - ULT IMO , a t the last, lastly. Ultimotemplis compluribus dona d etrax it. Sue t. ( loco or temp ore beingund erstood. )
2515. Ultra. Sponte;
ULT RO and SPONT E , of o n e s own accord , wi thout being asked j b ri i , w i th th is dfl erence, tha t nltro is sa id of an ima te th ings only , anda lways of an act i on or th ing happen ing beyond or aga ins t our expectat ion , whereas spon te is a lso sa id of inanima te th ings . Beneficiis p ro
vocatus ultro 1n contumelias erup it . Cic. O'
mn ia ci ultro p ollicitussum. Id. Nec mih i quicquam tal i tempore in men temveni t optare, quod non ultro mih i Caesar d etuler it . Id . Ub i te aspexer i t ,narrab it ultr t
‘
) quid velit. Plau t . Igni s consumptus sua sponte ext inguitur . Cic. Dulcemque spontepraestat benevolentiam. Phaed .
Spon t e is p roper ly the abla t ive of the obsolete word spons (f romSpondeo ) . Nec Sponte An tonii p roperatum. Tac .
2516 . Umbra . Umbraculum.
UMBRA , shade , da rkness. Sub lustr i noct i s in umbra. V irg Ap taumb ra pastoribus . Ovid . Figura t ively . Umbras falsae gloriae sec
tar i . C ic. Sub umb ra '
l r ibunitia d elitescere . Id . Umbra ver itatis,Plin . , The appea rance of trutlu— UMBRACU LUM , a p lace to shade onein , a bower . Lentea texunt umbracula vi tes . V i rg. Ovid has usedumbraculum to signi/y
.
a pa rasol. Figura t ively . Doctrinam ex umb 1 aculis er ud ito rum o tioque non modo 1 11 solem et pulverem,
sed mip sum d iscr imen aciemque p roducere. Cic.
2517 . Umbra} . Manes. Lemures . La rvw. Sp ect rum. S imulach ra .
UMBRIE,fl at likenessing even theumbra: sitti
I
5741
capacibus unguenta de conch i s . H on— Na nnus, n
sh r ub. Casias et nardi len i s ar istas . Ovid . I t is of tenment or perf ume made of the na rd. Assyr ioque nardo potamus nuet i .Hor.
2522. Unguis . Ungula .
UNGU I S , a nail of thef ingers Or toes in man in bi rds oring animals , a claw o r ta lon in oxe n, h orses, cows, &c., a h o
gare ungues cultello . Hor. Przedamque unguibus alesOvid . S i sanguis in in terio re par te ungulae est , ex t rema pars 1ps1usungui s ad vivum resecatur . Co]. Figura tively De tenet o ungui,Hor. , From h is most tender ea rs . Carmen castigat ad unguem, l d .,
H e co rrects h is verses with l imaginable ca re a meta hor takenf romthe ma rble—p olishers , tha t t ry with p assing thei r na ilfon thei r wor k,whether it is p rop erly p olished — UNGULA is sa id of all anima ls withh oofs . Comu sol ido gravi ter sone t ungula . V i rg. Quad ruped ante
p utrem sonitu quatit ungula campum. l d . P lautus h owever says , Antu inveni re p ostulas quemquam coquum, n is i s i t milvinis aut aquiIin i s ungulis Figuratively : To to co rpore, a tque omn ibus ungulis,( tooth and na il) ut dicitur , contentioni voe i s asserviunt . Cic. Iuj icere ungulas argen to , Plaut .
, Ta layhands up o nmoney .
2523. Voca re. Appella re. N omina re. Cita re. Comp ella re.
VOCARE , (f romvox ) to call to one, orfi r a th ing . Vocare ad ar
ma. Cic. V ocare ad emmaw . Id . V ocare in judicium. Id .
signifies to name in ca lling . Qui sap ien tes et h aberentur et vocarentut . Cic. Quo nos vocabis nomine ? Plaut . Figurat ively Italiamad ex itium et vastitatem vocas . Cic.
— APPELLARE , to name. Ap
pellare unam uamque rem suo nomine. C ic. Sid erum nomen appelIare . Id . I t tilsa signifies to sp eak to. Cdmiter unumquemque appelIare. Cic. Qui d agendum? Qui s Deus ap eiland us est ? l d .
— NoM INARE, to name, or mention the namef or the sakeof d istinction . Suo
certo ac p ropri o vocabulo rem aliquam nominate. Cic. Nefas h aben t Mercur ium nominare E gyp tii . Id .
— C 1TARE, to call or summon to app ea r, to cite. Ci tare Senatum in forum. Cic. Tes tem in
aliqua re citare. Id . Auctores citare, Liv. , Ta quote autho rs . Ci tavé re leges nefas ; sed abstulitvir tus parr icidam, et facinus in tragloriam stetit, Flor. , The laws ca lled to t ria l the author of the cr ime but
h is vir tue saved h im, and h is p a rricide was as it were bur ied under theg lory of h is name .
— C0 M 1>ELLA RE , to sp eak to or address one . Ul troverb is compellat amicis . V irg. Blande compellare virum. Plaut .Seep ius nomine compellatum. Q . Curt.
2524. Vola re. Volita re. Convola re.
V OLARE, to j ly, is sa id af al t tha t have wings . S ine penni svolareh aud facile est . Plau t . Volat ille per aé
‘ra magnum remigi o alarum.
V i rg. Figura tively . Vo lat zetas . Cid. Vo lat telo rumvis. Liv. Jam
que faces et saxavolan t . V irg . V olare l inteo , Catull To sail . - Vo
L I TARE, (f requentat ive of volare ) to fly about or up and d own , tofl utter. Aves passim et l iberé voli tant . Cic. Figurat ively : Vol itarep er o ra virum, V i rg . , To have a g rea t name. Animus vacuus curaa tque laborevolita t . Cic. Valeb is apud h ominemvolitantem glor iaecup id itate s irmoderatus et cons tans . Id. Nec cessan t variarevoces
57
—CONVOLARE , (volare cum) to f ly togeCol. F1gur atively: Convolarunt ex cuneta
I talia ad me revocand um. Cic. Tanquam ad fanus Reipublicae convolant . Id .
2525. Volens . Volunta rias . Ultroneus . Sp ontaneus.
VOLENS , willing , f avourable. V olen t i an imo al iqui d agere. Sall.Pacem p recibus exposcunt , uti volens , p rop itius suam semper sosp i tet p r ogeniem. Liv.— VOLUNTARIUS , tha t is of one
’s own accord ,tha t isvolunta ry . Mult i ad te eun tvoluntar ii . Cic. Illa fui t o rat i onecessaria, h aec et it volun taria . Id .
-ULTRONEUS , who does or saysany th ing of h imself; of h is own accord . Suadetur d eliberantibus ; at
ul t ronei admonentur . Sen . Quid interest ad mor tem juss i camus , an
ultronei l d .— SPON TAN EU S is notf ound in good writers and it is
with out f ounda tion tha t some dict iona ries quote it as used by Cicero.
Nolens may be app osed to volens ; voluntarius to necessan us or invi tus , ultroneus, to j ussus.
2526 . Volucr is .
“
Ales . Avis .V OLUCR I S , (f romvolare ) anywinged crea ture it is p rop erly an
adj ective, avi s or bes t ia being understood . Obscmnaevolucxes , V irg.,
the H a rp ies . Volucres videmus p rocreationis atque utilitatis suaecausa fingere et construere n idos . Cic .
— ALES , f romala ) winged .
Equus ales , Ovid . , The h orse Pegasus . Ales avi s . Cic. I t is es e
cially sa id of la rge birds. Cano rus ales , H or . , The swan . J ovi s aliis,
V i rg. , The eagle. Figura tively : Maeon ii carminis ales , H im, H o
mer .— AV I S , acco rding to Va rro, isp a rticula rly sa id of singing bird s ;
as the blackbird, n igh tingale, 81 0 . H ence or igi na te these exp ressionsMalaavi, Hor . , Und er bad auguries or omens . Secund is avibus . Liv.Fluminea avi s , Ovi d . , The swan . I t is taken in a more genera l sense.
Aves vagee . Ho r. P liny calls the bat avis .
2527. Volvere. Vola to re. Pervolvere.
V OLVERE, to roll. Saxum ingensvolvunt al11 . V irg. FigurativelyComp lex io verborum quaa uno sp ir i tu volvi po tes t , Cic., tha t can
be p ronounced in one breath .— VOL UTA RE , (f
requenta tive of volvere)to roll often , to wallow, to toss . Volutar i in uto . Cic. Figura tivelyI n omn i d ed ecorevolutar i . Cic. In veteribus scriptis studiosevolutatus, Id One acqua inted with , and tha t ha s read over and overaga in , ancien t authors .— PERV OLV ERE, to roll a long or over. Jamego h unc in mediam viam p rovolvam,
teque ib idem pervolvam inluto. Ter . Figu ra tively 1
° In h is pervolvatur an imus , Cic. , Let the
mind be cont i nua lly emp loyed about these ma tters . Pervolvere auctores , Id ., T0 read authors over and over. Pervolvere librum, Catull.,To p eruse a book .
2528 . Vomere. Evomere. N ausea re.
V OMERE, to vomit or sp ew. Tantumvin i exh auseras, ut t ib i mecesse essetvomere postrid ié .C ic. F1guratively: Purpureamvomi t illeanimam.Virg . Flammas ore vomit . Id . Vipereumquevoman t nos t rosub nomine virus . Mar t . —Ev0MERE, (vomere 6) tovomit up , to d i s
gorge. H& C avi s scr ibitur '
conch is se solere implet e ; casque cum
s tomach calore concoxerit, evomere. Cic. Figuratively Apud
quem evomat virusacerb itatis sure. ClC.-NAUSEARE, f rom rad} ,
navis) to be sea - sick, to be ready tovomit . Pauper conducto navigi osequenauseat ac locup les . Cic. Lassus sum, et navi (1tvectus hucsum, et iam nunc nauseo . Plaut . Figura tively Nauseare aliquem,
Cic. , To desp ise or scorn one, not to be able to bea r h im.
I
2529 . Vora re. D evorare.
‘
V ORARE , p rop erly , to eat with out chewing . An imal ia, al ia sugunt,’
al iavorant , alia mand unt . C ic . Figuratively : Nos h icvo ramus litteras cum h omine mir ifico , Cic.
, H ere we devour books , as it were;we run swif tly over them.
— DEVORARE rises above the idea of vorare ;to devour, to G obble up , to ingurgi tate. Os d evoratum fauce c 1‘1m hwr eret
’ lup i. Pbaed . Figura tively Devo rare omnem pecun iamnond ubitavit. C ic. Libros d evorare . Id . Pauco rum d ierummolestiamd evorare . Id. Devorare stultitias h 0minum, Id . , Ta bea r p at iently
2530. Vo rtex. Turbo.VORTEX, (f romver to ) a wh ir lwind gm wh irlp ool. Rap idus vorat
aequore vo rtex . V irg . Unda ze stuat Vor ticibus . Id . V olvit flumenvortices . Hor. Turb ineus vortex . -0vid . Figuratively : Abso tus
vor t ice amor is . Catu1. V o rt ices d olorum. Cic.— TU RBO , a rihir l
wind , a boisterous wind . Qua data p o rta ruunt, et terras turb ine perflant (ven t i ) . V i rg. Gubernare navem in magnis turb inibus. Cic. I t
is sa id of any th ing tur ning , a rolling . Turbinemversare. Cic. Quoturb ine torqueat bas tam. Virg . Praecipitem scopulo atque ingentisturb ine sax i excutit. Id . Figura tively Duo Reipublicae turb ines .Cic. Men t is turbo, Id ., Per turba tion of mind . Mart is turbine
'
agi,Ovi d., To be p assionatef or wa rf Turbo , says Ap uleius , ventus estqui repentinis flab ris p rosilit atque un iversa per turbat, vor tex illeest, cum torquetur h umus ar ida , et ab infimo er igitur ad summum.
ag igit would be a disgrace
uou amvolitans sub ver tereturbo.
Vota f acere. Vota suscipere. Vota nuncup a re.
V OTA FACERE, to wish , to desire ea rnestly tha t a th ing may happ en.
V os et omnes bon i vo ta faciebatis, ut Miloni uti virtute sué liceret .Cic. ContraRempublicam vo ta faciebant . l d .
— V o r A 50 50 1 1 1 11 11 13,
to bind one’s-self byvows . Deos Deasque p recabantur , ut illis fanstum i ter, felixque pugna , matura ex h ostibusvictoria esset , et damnarentur ips ivotoruq uae p ro eis suscepissent. Liv. —NUNCUPARE
VOTA , to use solemn words. They called th ose wordsvo ta nuncowhich were used byp rcetors, consuls , and genera ls sett ing of f erdep a rtments . Cfim paludatus ex isset, votaque pro imper i o suo nun
cupasset. Cic. They were written p reesentibusmul t is .
2532. Usque.
' Tenits .
USQUE (a p rep osition ) signifies asf a r as , and is p laced either bef o re or af ter its case. UsqueRomam é mar i supero proficisci . Cic.
Romam usque. Id . I t admitsvery well of anotherp rep osit ion, wh ichinf act seems to be understood . Ab ovo usque ad mala. Hor . Usqueab ul t imo p rincip i o . Cic. Usque apueris , Ter . , Even j rom Ch tld
kOOd q—TENUS , up to, as f izr as, is always p laced af ter its case. La
tales a,D 115 immor talibus usucapere , p ossunt, Cic.,
~Mor tals ca
ava i l themselves of p rescrip t ion aga inst the God s .
2537. Uterus . Vulva .
UTERUS , the bell of a woman with ch ild . Gravidum n taramtucus , Tac., Cons
' ring shewas with ch ild. Gravi tas mih i tendeisterum, says Alcmena in Ovid . I t is sa idUterumque armato mil i te complent, V irg .,
h o rse.—V ULVA , thematr i x: or womb, ch iefly
p ofcé in d eliciis h abué re Romani . Plin. . Nil vulve ( suis)amplé . H or .
2538 . Uti . Abuti. FruiCPotir i .
( I I I , to have the use Qf; either in a good or a bad p ar t .quibus utimur . Cic . Valetudine uti minfis commode.
xnmore uti . Plant
a n agreeable and comp lete enj oyme nt . Frui beneficus atquebus. Cic. Laboro n i h il, atqile op t imis rebus fruor . Phaed . Id cuj usque est pmpr ium, qu0
‘ qui sque fruitur atque utitur . Cic. Sapiep s
j ocis et lusu utitur , stultus fruitur ; ille j ocatur ut non d eficiat 51 lali ore, h ic tantfim ut d electetur . G . D .
—Po T l R l , (f rom po t is ) top ogsass , to be master of: S i et iam non abundé potitur , non omninc
‘
) care t .C ic . Omn i Maced onum gaz é po titus est Paulus. Id . Utimur adcommod itatem ; fruimur ad d electationem ; usui est ager, domus ;abusa i , V inum. G. D .
2539 . Utrbbique. Utr inqué . Utrbgue.
UTROBIQUE, on both sides and p a rts, when there is no mot ion .
C t‘
im non liceret mih i null ius esse, qu ia utrobi ue magnos inimicosh abebam. Cic. Rademveri tas utrobique est . d — UTR1 NQ UE, on
both s ides , on both a rts, for the question und é . Pr incipes h tr inquépugnam ciebant . .iv. V irtus est mediumvitio rum, et utrinqué te
d uctum. Hor .
—UTR0 QUE, to both sides or p afl s ,/b r the quest ion qua.
H inc Syr iam, indeDelum : utroque citifis, , quémvellemus, cursumconfecimus . Cic.
2540. Vulga ris . Vilis . Solitus .VULGARxs , (f romvulgus ) vulga r Vulgare amici nomen. Phad ..
Mi tto h ascevulgares artes , coquos , p istores, &c. Cic. Sermonevulgari d isputare. ld . Commend atio non vulgar is . l d .
—i- V I L I S , r ile,cheap , tha t can be got at a low rate or p rice. V ilia p oma. Hor. V ilisannona . Cic. Figuratively : abj ect . desp icable. V ili svob is h ono rmeus.Cic.
— Sou r us , wont , o rdina r Labor i soli to finem imponere. Ovid .
S ol rubet soli to magis. Liv. $ulgar is may be opp osed to excellens ;Vil is , to p retiosus ; solitus , to rarus .
2541 . Vulgb. Vulgariter .
V ULGO‘, 1 . Every where, commonly .
'
Assyrium vuigd.
nascetur
amomum. V irg. Ejusmp d i tempus erat, ut h ominesvulgomtcrfice
57
rentur. Cic . Adversd s qumtela quosqueviros pugnandum esset pavid i vulgd cernebant Liv. 2 . Indist inctly , every body . Ad rand iumvocare num cr imen est minime sed vulgd , passim quill
)
est v'
uL
gd un iversos Cic . 3. Publicly . V ulg?) o s tendere ac p rofer re ali
qui d . Cic . 4 . ordina r i ly . V ulgé h omines illud inquirunt.C ic.
'V ulgc‘
) h 0mi num Op ini o socium me ad scr ib it tui s laud ibus . Id .
Yulgc‘
) an rard even ire soleat . Ia. of the common son .
Haec ad te ed pluribus scr ipsi, ut intelligeres me non vulgar iter , necambitiosé , sed ut p ro h omine in t imo ac mih i pernecessar i o scribere .
Cic . Cicero has used in the same sense A ttalus h omo pecuniosus, necvulgé .
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