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Transcript of изучение группировок снежного барса с помощью ...
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9
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2/-/6, '2;5*/0<)**B)/1/</ 6)2; -),'<@-*/G65-1+-/0/(*/G 51;+0*/2L;+ 2*)3*BM 45-2/0 *5 ?/2L;5;/(*/ ?/<,+G 2-/1, 6/L,'; '2.)=*/ .-+6)*@;82@?<@ 6/*+;/-+*,5 (+2<)*L*/2;+ /;?)<8*BM ,-'..+L-/0/1 + ./<'()*+@ +*:/-L65K++ /4 +M ./</0/&-52L;*/G 2;-'1;'-). V51+) -5L4/;B 6/,'; '2.)=*/ 0BL./<*@;82@ ;-)*+-/05**B6.)-2/*5</6 +<+ ?53) 6)L2;*B6+ 3+;)<@6+. P.-)L?)<)*+) «0 <+K/» /2/4)G,/4+;597+M *5 1/*1-);*/G;)--+;/-++, 6/,</ 4B2./2/42;0/05;8 /-,5*+L&5K++ 6)-/.-+@;+G ./ /ML-5*) «20/+M» 45-2/0 2/2;/-/*B /;?)<8*BM 2)6)G0 6)2;*BM 2//47)2;05M.© Snow Leopard Conservancy© Snow Leopard Conservancy
11
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!"# $% &'( )*+*,-.- +%/(, *0(1-23 4-5.(11*523 2"#-6 5#,%271%6 +-8*+ 5($(952+" #*/"43-6, #"# 2-), (Panthera tigris) - 51('1%9:",5 (Uncia uncia), *4(13 5.*'1*. ;*.3/-152+* #*5+(11%6 $(2*8*+&4(2" (+#.<4"= /-,*#* -5>*.3?&($%9 $(2*8 &4(2" >* 5.(8"$) 8.=*>,(8(.(1-= 4-5.(11*52- 5#,%21%6 6-@1-#*+ 4"52* 1( >*86*8=2.A"#-( $(2*8% .-:* 1( &4-2%+"<2 >,*52,"152+(11*( ,"?$(@(1-(*5*:(9, .-:* 1( :%.- *>,*:*+"1% 1" 2(,,-2*,-=6 5 6*,*/* -?+(7521*9 >.*21*523< 1"5(.(1-= +-8" - -?+(521*9 #*1B-)&,"0-(9 -178-+-8&".31%6 &4"52#*+ *28(.31%6 *5*:(9 (Karanth et al., 2003;Jennelle et al., 2002). C4(2 #,&>1%6 6-@1-#*+ ?1"4-2(.31* *5.*'1=7(25= -6 $".*4-5.(11*523<, :*.3/-$- ,"?$(,"$- -18-+-8&".31%6&4"52#*+, " 2"#'( 5#,%21*523< '-+*21%6, 42* :%.* *2$(4(1* !"7,"12*$ - D-#*.5*$ >,- -?&4(1-- ),&>>-,*+*# 2-)," + E18--. F5(G2* 5>,"+(8.-+* - + *21*/(1-- 51('1*)* :",5", -54(?"<@()* 6-@71-#", #*2*,%9, #,*$( +5()* >,*4()*, *:-2"(2 + 5"$%6 +%5*#*)*,71%6 &)*.#"6 $-,", 2,&81*8*52&>1%6 8"'( 8.= >,(8>,--$4-+%6 -1"52*94-+%6 -55.(8*+"2(.(9 (Jackson, Fox, 1997). ! 2*$& '( *0(17#" 4-5.(11*52- ,(8#-6 -.- 5#,%21%6 6-@1-#*+, *5*:(11* 51('1*)*:",5", ?"2,&81=(25= - 1(:*.3/*9 +%:*,#*9 (Mills et al., 2000).
H1('1%9 :",5 1"5(.=(2 +%5*#*)*,1%( ,"9*1% I(12,".31*9J?--. K.*@"83 ",("." G2*)* +-8" 5*52"+.=(2 *,-(12-,*+*41* *21,2–1,6 8* 2,(6 $-..-*1*+ #+"8,"21%6 #-.*$(2,*+ >,- *4(13 1-?7#*9 >.*21*52- 1"5(.(1-= (Fox, 1994; Hunter, Jackson, 1997; Nowell,Jackson, 1996; Sunquist and Sunquist, 2002). D" ,-5. 1 >,(852"+.(71" #",2"756($" ,"5>,*52,"1(1-= 51('1*)* :",5". L:@"= 4-5.(171*523 -,:-5" *0(1-+"(25= +(53$" >,-:.-?-2(.31* + 4500–7500*5*:(9, *:-2"<@-6 + 12 52,"1"6: !-2"(, ;&2"1(, D(>".(, E18--,K"#-52"1(, JB)"1-52"1(, A"8'-#-52"1(, C?:(#-52"1(, !%,)%?52"71(, !"?"652"1(, M*55-- - N*1)*.-- (2":.-0" 1). L81"#* B"#2-4(57#-9 52"2&5 +-8" 8* 1"52*=@()* +,($(1- 1( *>,(8(.(1. L),"1-4(171*( B-1"15-,*+"1-(, 1(6+"2#" *:&4(11%6 5>(0-".-52*+, 1(8*52"72*# $"2(,-".31*72(61-4(5#*)* *:(5>(4(1-= 5&@(52+(11* &$(13/"7<2 +*?$*'1*52- -?&4(1-= G2*)* +-8", *:-2"<@()* + 5&,*+%6 +%75*#*)*,1%6 ,"9*1"6, - >,(>=252+&<2 5*?8"1-< 2*41*9 #",2% 5*7+,($(11*)* ",("." 51('1*)* :",5".
D"-:*.3/&< &),*?& 8.= 51('1*)* :",5" >,(852"+.=<2 5#*2*7+*8%, -52,(:.=<@-( G2*)* 6-@1-#" + *2$(52#& ?" &:-2%9 -$ 5#*2(*5*:(11* >*5.( 5.&4"(+ >,*1-#1*+(1-= -,:-5" + >.*6* &#,(>.(171%( ?")*1% - #*/",% 8.= 5#*2", )8( ?+(,3 &:-+"(2 $1*)-6 '-+*271%6); :,"#*13(,%, 8*:%+"<@-( :",5" -?7?" -?%5#"11*)* $(6", "2"#'( #*52(9 - 8,&)-6 8(,-+"2*+ ?+(,= (>*5.(81-( -5>*.3?&<25= +
12
;-5?+K+/**/G 1+;5G21/G 6)?+K+*)); -5&-'=)*+) + ?),-5?5K+@6)2; /4+;5*+@, 5 ;513) 2/1-57)*+) (+2<)**/2;+ ?+1+M 1/.B;*BM.
S*)3*BG 45-2 0 /2*/0*/6 *52)<@); ?+5.5&/* 0B2/; /; 3000 ?/4500 6 *5? '-/0*)6 6/-@, */ 6/3); 02;-)(5;82@ + *5 /;6);15M 05500 6 0 Q+65<5@M +<+ 02),/ *5 0B2/;) 600 6 0 2)0)-*/G (52;+5-)5<5, *5.-+6)-, 0 C/22++ + >/*,/<++. F</;*/2;8 *52)<)*+@ 0+?50 -5&<+(*BM /(5,5M /4+;5*+@ 05-8+-'); /; 6)*)) ()6 0,1 ?/ 4/<))()6 10 /2/4)G *5 100 162 (Jackson, Ahlborn, 1989; Nowell, Jackson,1996). S*)3*BG 45-2 .-)?./(+;5); ,/-*B) <5*?=5:;B, +&/4+<'9L7+) 1-';B6+ 21</*56+, 215<56+, ,-)4*@6+ M-)4;/0, '7)<8@6+ +215<8*B6+ /2;5*K56+, M/;@ 0 >/*,/<++ + *5 V+4);21/6 .<5;/ 6/L3); /4+;5;8 *5 /;*/2+;)<8*/ -/0*/G +<+ M/<6+2;/G 6)2;*/2;+, ,?))2;8 0/&6/3*/2;8 *5G;+ '1-B;+). Q-)4*+ M-)4;/0, ./?*/38@ 215<8L*BM 6522+0/0, 5 ;513) -)(*B) ?/<+*B + '7)<8@ @0<@9;2@ +&<94L<)**B6+ 6)2;56+, ,?) .-/<),59; /2*/0*B) 65-=-';B .)-)?0+3)L*+@ +-4+25 + /2'7)2;0<@);2@ +*;)*2+0*/) 6)()*+) ;)--+;/-++(Ahlborn, Jackson, 1988). C52.-/2;-5*)*+) 2*)3*/,/ 45-25 0 &*5L(+;)<8*/G 2;).)*+ 2/0.5?5); 2 -52.-/2;-5*)*+)6 0+?/0 3+0/;L
*8/. 1. (1;-45400IK .-4.< /04F01G1 E.-/. (=1 Fox, 1994)
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13
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1Fox, 1992.2Jackson, *)/.'4<+1/05**B) ?5**B).3S;-5;),+@ 2/M-5*)*+@ 2*)3*/,/ 45-25 0 C/22++ (2002)4F/2<)?*+) +22<)?/05*+@ 20+?);)<82;0'9; / ?0'1-5;*/6 2*+3)*++ (+2<)**/L2;+ 0+?5 .-+4<+&+;)<8*/ ?/ 650 /2/4)G.5Jackson, Hunter (1996) /K)*+<+ /47'9 .</75?8 ./;)*K+5<8*BM 6)2;//4+;5L*+G 0+?5 0 3 024 728 162, +2./<8&'@ ;)M*/</,+9 Q%SL6/?)<+-/05*+@.
*BM, @0<@97+M2@ /2*/0*B6+ /4U)1;56+ .+;5*+@ M+7*+15, – ,/<'L4/,/ 45-5*5 (Pseudois nayaur) + 2+4+-21/,/ ,/-*/,/ 1/&<5 (Caprasibirica). E/;@ +&0)2;*/, (;/ ./6+6/ T;+M 3+0/;*BM +-4+2 ?/4B05L); + ?-',+M 1/.B;*BM, 5 ;513) 2'-1/0 (Marmota spp), .+7'M (Ochotonaspp), &5GK)0 (Lepus oistolus) + -5&*//4-5&*BM 6)<1+M ,-B&'*/0 +.;+K. "/ 2+M ./- 65</ +&0)2;*/ / ./0)?)*++ 2*)3*/,/ 45-25, ),/.)-)?0+3)*++, +*?+0+?'5<8*BM '(52;15M /4+;5*+@, 2/K+5<8*/G/-,5*+&5K++ + -5&6*/3)*++ 0 )2;)2;0)**BM '2</0+@M (Nowell,Jackson, 1996; Sunquist and Sunquist, 2002).
"/ *52;/@7),/ 0-)6)*+ ?<@ /.-)?)<)*+@ .-+2';2;0+@//;2';L2;0+@ + 0B(+2<)*+@ +*?)125 /;*/2+;)<8*/,/ /4+<+@ T;/,/ 21-B;L*/,/ 0+?5 +22<)?/05;)<+ ./<5,5<+28 .-)3?) 02),/ *5 *5<+(+) +1/<+()2;0/ 2<)?/0 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/2;+ &0)-@. D *5(5<) 90LM ,/?/0XX 0)15 >)3?'*5-/?*BG :/*? 2*)3*/,/ 45-25 (International SnowLeopard Trust, +<+ ISLT) &5@0+< / *)/4M/?+6/2;+ -5&-54/;1+ )?+L*/,/ 2;5*?5-;+&+-/05**/,/ 6);/?5 +22<)?/05*+@ 0+?5, 1/;/-BG6/,<+ 4B +2./<8&/05;8 0 ./<)0BM '2</0+@M -5&<+(*B)2.)K+5<+2L;B. D -)&'<8;5;) 4B<5 -5&-54/;5*5 ;51 *5&B05)65@ 2+2;)65 '.-50<)L
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20
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21
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28
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D2) 0B=)215&5**/) ./?L()-1+05); 053*/2;8 0B4/-5;51/,/ 6);/?5 +22<)?/05*+@,1/;/-BG '(+;B05); ;4-126?01/6L 1E0.-:F4082 +&'(5)L6/,/ 0+?5. D)-/@;*/2;8 /4L*5-'3)*+@ 0+?5 6/3); 4B;8/.-)?)<)*5 <+4/ .';)6 /4L2<)?/05*+@ /?*/G + ;/G 3).-/2;-5*2;0)**/G @()G1+,,?) 2<)?B 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/2L;+ 0+?5 *) 4B<+ /4*5-'3)*B,*)21/<81+6+ *)&50+2+6B6++22<)?/05;)<@6+, <+4/ .'L;)6 ./2)7)*+@ ?5**/G @()GL1+ /?*+6 +22<)?/05;)<)6?053?B +<+ 4/<)). F/<'()*L
*5@ 2;5;+2;+15 0 ?5<8*)G=)6 6/3); 4B;8 +2./<8&/05*5 ?<@ /K)*1+1/<+()2;05 .-/2;-5*2;0)**BM @())1, ,?) .-+2';2;0+) 0+?5 4B<//4*5-'3)*/. R;/ ./&0/<+; 4/<)) ;/(*/ /.-)?)<+;8 .-/2;-5*2;0)*L*'9 ?/<9 ;)--+;/-++, &5*@;'9 0+?/6. R;5 6);/?+15 -5&-54/;5*5#5-5*;/6 + H+1/</2/6 (2002) ?<@ +&'()*+@ ;+,-5. D./2<)?2;0++
N/;/: A. Y/;/0
N/;/: A. Y/;/0
N/;/: >. F5<8KB*
29
/*5 4B<5 '2/0)-=)*2;0/05*5 4<5,/?5-@ +2./<8&/05*+9 2;5;+2;+L()21+M 6/?)<)G /K)*1+ 2;).)*+ &5*@;/2;+ ;)--+;/-++ 0+?/6, .-+0)-/@;*/2;+ /4*5-'3)*+@ 0+?5 6)*)) )?+*+KB. ");5<8*5@ +*:/-L65K+@ /4 T;/G 6);/?+1) 2/?)-3+;2@ 0 -54/;5M >51L#)*&+(MacKenzie et al., 2002; 2003). R;+ 65;)-+5<B, 5 ;513) 2.)K+5<8*/-5&-54/;5**'9 1/6.89;)-*'9 .-/,-566' (PRESENCE) ?<@ /K)*1+2;).)*+ &5*@;/2;+ ;)--+;/-++ 0+?/6 6/3*/ *5G;+ *5 25G;) Q)/</L,+()21/G 2<'34B SXA (United States Geological Survey Patuxent WildlifeResearch Center website; www.mbrLpwrc.usgs.gov/software.html). #-/L6) ;/,/, 2.)K+5<8*5@ ;54<+K5 ?<@ -52();5 0)-/@;*/2;+ /4*5-'3)L*+@ 0+?5 -5&-54/;5*5 !+*;</6 + ),/ 1/<<),56+ (Wintle et al., 2004).
3.3. $J403. 1601/864<L01K 98/<4001/68 /04F01G1 E.-/. =1/<47.5 F8>0474264<L01/68
#/<+()2;0)**BG +*?)12 /4+<+@, 1/;/-BG .-@6/ +<+ 1/20)**/1/--)<+-'); 2 .</;*/2;89 *52)<)*+@ 0+?5, 6/3); +2./<8&/05;82@?<@ /.-)?)<)*+@ ),/ /;*/2+;)<8*/G (+2<)**/2;+. P42<)?/05*+)./ 6);/?+1) SLIMS *5 2;5*?5-;*BM ;-5*2)1;5M, ,?) '(+;B05);2@ 1/L<+()2;0/ *5G?)**BM ./21-)4/0, /;.)(5;1/0 <5., T121-)6)*;/0 +6/()0BM 6);/1 +-4+25, – -52.-/2;-5*)**BG 6);/? 6/*+;/-+*,5/;*/2+;)<8*/G (+2<)**/2;+ T;/,/ 0+?5. P2/4)**/ /* '?/4)* .-+/42<)?/05*++ /,-5*+()**BM ;)--+;/-+G ;+.5 *5K+/*5<8*BM .5-L1/0 + ?-',+M PPFV (Jackson, Hunter, 1996). D 6);/?+1) SLIMS /;*/L2+;)<8*5@ (+2<)**/2;8 2*)3*/,/ 45-25 0B-535);2@ 0 (52;/;) 02;-)(2<)?/0 ),/ 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/2;+ (1/<+()2;0/ /;.)(5;1/0 <5., ./21-)L4/0, T121-)6)*;/0 *5 1+</6);- 65-=-';5). P?*51/ 02),/ <+=8 .-+/?*/6 +22<)?/05*++ 4B<5 .-)?.-+*@;5 ./.B;15 '2;5*/0+;8 2;)L.)*8 1/--)<@K++ 6)3?' (52;/;/G *5M/?/1 2<)?/0 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/L2;+ +-4+25 + ?)G2;0+;)<8*/G .</;*/2;89 *52)<)*+@ 0+?5 (Ahlborn,Jackson, 1988). D T;/6 +22<)?/05*++ 4B</ '2;5*/0<)*/, (;/ 2565@0B2/15@ .</;*/2;8 2<)?/0 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/2;+ *54<9?5);2@ 0 6)2L;5M .)-)1-B;+@ +*?+0+?'5<8*BM '(52;1/0 /2/4)G. F/?-/4*)) 2 6)L;/?+1/G /.-)?)<)*+@ /;*/2+;)<8*/G (+2<)**/2;+ 2*)3*/,/ 45-25./ 2<)?56 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/2;+ *5 ;-5*2)1;5M 6/3*/ /&*51/6+;82@*5 0)4L25G;) ./<8&/05;)<)G 6);/?+1+ SLIMS (www.snowleopard.org/whatwedo/science/slims) +<+ 25G;) Snow Leopard Conservancy.
"-',/G 6);/? 0B(+2<)*+@ +*?)125 /;*/2+;)<8*/,/ /4+<+@ 45L&+-');2@ *5 /K)*1) 1/<+()2;05 :/;/,-5:+G 0+?5, /;2*@;BM /.-)L?)<)**B6 (+2</6 :/;/</0'=)1 &5 1/*1-);*BG .)-+/? 0-)6)*+(Carbone et al., 2001). V513) ?<@ /.-)?)<)*+@ T;/,/ .5-56);-5 6/L3); +2./<8&/05;82@ 2//;*/=)*+) 1/<+()2;05 */0BM + 2;5-BM ./L21-)4/0, /2;50<)**BM +-4+2/6 ((52;/;5 ./0;/-*/,/ *5*)2)*+@ ./L21-)4/0 0B=) ;56, ,?) 0B=) .</;*/2;8 ./.'<@K++ 0+?5). %2./<8L&/05*+) T;+M 6);/?/0 ?<@ /K)*1+ /;*/2+;)<8*/G (+2<)**/2;+ 0+?5
30
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hlborn,Jackson, 1988), 26. ;54<+K' A.
R;5 +&6)*(+0/2;8 (52;/;B /4*5-'3)*+@ 2<)?/0 3+&*)?)@;)<8L*/2;+ +-4+25, &50+2@75@ /; 6*/,+M :51;/-/0, /15&B05); &*5(+L;)<8*/) 0<+@*+) *5 0)<+(+*' +*?)12/0 /;*/2+;)<8*/,/ /4+<+@, 1/L;/-B) 0 20@&+ 2 T;+6 (52;/ *)?/2;5;/(*/ ;/(*/ 2//;*/2@;2@ 2 -)L5<8*/G .</;*/2;89 *52)<)*+@ 0+?5. C)=+;8 .-/4<)6' 6/3*/ (52L;+(*/, &*5(+;)<8*/ '0)<+(+0 0B4/-1'. #51 /4*5-'3+<+ A<4/-* +"3)12/* (Ahlborn, Jackson, 1988), ./21-)4B +-4+25 <'(=) ./?M/L?@; ?<@ ?/2;/0)-*/,/ -52();5 /;*/2+;)<8*/,/ /4+<+@ 0+?5, ()6/;.)(5;1+ ),/ <5., 1/;/-B) 2'7)2;0'9; *)?/<,/) 0-)6@. R;+ 3)+22<)?/05;)<+ '15&5<+, (;/ ?<@ ?/2;/0)-*/,/ /.-)?)<)*+@ +*?)1L2/0 /;*/2+;)<8*/,/ /4+<+@ 2*)3*/,/ 45-25 ./ 2<)?56 ),/ 3+&*)L?)@;)<8*/2;+ *5 -5&*BM ;)--+;/-+@M +<+ 0 -5&*B) ,/?B *'3*B 0)28L65 &*5(+;)<8*B) &5;-5;B ;-'?5 + 0-)6)*+. V51, *5.-+6)-, ?<@ /.L-)?)<)*+@ ./15&5;)<)G /;*/2+;)<8*/,/ /4+<+@ ./ 2-)?*)6' 1/<+L()2;0' ./21-)4/0, T121-)6)*;/0 + /;.)(5;1/0 <5. 2 ?/2;/0)-*/2L;89 ± 30% 0 6)2;5M 2 0B2/1/G .</;*/2;89 *52)<)*+@ +-4+25 (10–12 /2/4)G *5 100 162), *'3*/ &5</3+;8 36, 158 + 121 ;-5*2)1;'2//;0);2;0)**/.
"/2;/0)-*/2;8 +?)*;+:+15K++ 2<)?/0 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/2;+ 0+?5–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
31
/;.)(5;1/0 <5. 3+0/;*BM 6/3*/ .-+6)*@;8 +21'22;0)**B) 2<)?/L0B) ?/-/31+ – 1/0-+1+ (Sharma, 2003), /?*51/ +M +2./<8&/05*+)?/0/<8*/ ;-'?/)61/ + ;-)4'); ;75;)<8*/,/ 0B4/-5 6)2;5 -5&6)L7)*+@. #-/6) ;/,/, )2<+ ;51+) ?/-/31+ &56);*/ /;<+(59;2@ ./K0);' + 2;-'1;'-) /; )2;)2;0)**/,/ ,-'*;5, *)1/;/-B) /2/4+ 4'?';+&4),5;8 .-/M/?+;8 ./ *+6, (;/ .-+0)?); 1 *).-50+<8*/6' -52();'/;*/2+;)<8*/G (+2<)**/2;+.
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«65;-+K5 :51;/-/0», /.+25**/G S5L<5:21+6 + >5-,/<+'2/6 (Salafsky, Margolius, 1999).
%, *51/*)K, (;/4B /4)2.)(+;8 24/- ?/2;/0)-*/G +*:/-65K++,+ +6);8 0/&6/3*/2;8 ./0;/-+;8 5*5</,+(*B) +22<)?/05*+@ 0 4'L?'7)6 + ./<'(+;8 ?5**B), .-+,/?*B) ?<@ 2-50*)*+@, 02)6 '(52;L*+156 ./<)0BM -54/; *)/4M/?+6/ 2;-/,/ 2<)?/05;8 2;5*?5-;*/G +/4U)1;+0*/G 6);/?+1) 24/-5 ?5**BM. D 15()2;0) ?/./<*+;)<8*/,/1/20)**/,/ 6);/?5 /K)*1+ 0/&6/3*/G (+2<)**/2;+ +-4+25 *5 +&'L(5)6/G ;)--+;/-++ ./<)&*/ .-/0/?+;8 + '();B ),/ 3)-;0 (*5.-+L6)-, ,/-*BM 1/&</0 +<+ ,/<'4BM 45-5*/0).
"<@ ./?-/4*/,/ &*51/62;05 2 6);/?56+ /.-)?)<)*+@ /;*/2+L;)<8*/G (+2<)**/2;+ M+7*+1/0 ./ 2<)?56 3+&*)?)@;)<8*/2;+ (+L;5;)<@6 -)1/6)*?');2@ /4-5;+;82@ 1 -54/;56 !+<2/*5 + "T<5M)@(Wilson, Delahay, 2001). ");5<8*/) /.+25*+) 6);/?+1+ /.-)?)<)L*+@ /;*/2+;)<8*/G (+2<)**/2;+ +-4+25 ./ 2<)?56 ),/ 3+&*)?)@L;)<8*/2;+ +&</3)*/ 0 1*+,) «C'1/0/?2;0/ ./ +&'()*+9 + 2/M-5*)L*+9 2*)3*/,/ 45-25» (Snow Leopard Survey and ConservationHandbook), /.'4<+1/05**/G >)3?'*5-/?*B6 :/*?/6 2*)3*/,/45-25 (Jackson, Hunter, 19961).
3.4. $J403. .E/1<Y601K 98/<4001/68 /04F01G1 E.-/.PK)*15 542/<9;*/G (+2<)**/2;+ ./.'<@K++ +<+ ,-'..+-/01+
0+?5 /2*/05*5 *5 2./2/4*/2;+ /.-)?)<@;8 /;?)<8*BM /2/4)G, +2L./<8&'@ /4U)1;+0*B) ./<)0B) + 5*5<+;+()21+) 6);/?B. S'7)2;0');1R;+ ?/1'6)*;B 6/3*/ *5G;+ *5 25G;):www.snowleopardconservancy.org/cameratrapping.html
32
;-+ /2*/0*BM 6);/?5 ?<@ /.-)?)<)*+@ ;/(*/,/ -5&6)-5 ,-'..+-/0L1+ (./.'<@K++) 0+?5. D /2*/0) .)-0/,/ 6);/?5 <)3+; /;</0 + 65-1+L-/015 /;?)<8*BM /2/4)G 2 ./6/789 -5?+//=)G*+1/0. R;/; 6);/?256BG ?/-/,/2;/@7+G, ;-'?/)61+G + 0-)6@)61+G /?*/0-)6)**/.
D;/-/G 2./2/4 /2*/05* *5 +?)*;+:+15K++ /;?)<8*BM /2/4)G.';)6 5*5<+&5 "H# (Foran et al., 1998a, 1998b).
V-);+G 2./2/4 ./?-5&'6)05); +2./<8&/05*+) 50;/65;+()21+M:/;/156)- ?<@ ./<'()*+@ ?5;+-/05**BM +&/4-53)*+G /2/4)G.A*5<+& +&/4-53)*+G ?/<3)* ./&0/<@;8 /;<+(+;8 /?*+M /2/4)G /;?-',+M. R;/; 6);/? 2 ./2<)?'97)G +?)*;+:+15K+)G /2/4)G ./-+2'*1' .@;)* *5 =1'-) 4B< +2./<8&/05* ?<@ '();5 (+2<)**/2;+,).5-?5 (Acinoyx jubatus) 0 S)-)*,);+ (Kelly, 2001), ;+,-5 0 %*?+++ I3*/G A&++ (Karanth, 1995; O’Brien et al., 2003), @,'5-5 0 O)*;L-5<8*/G A6)-+1) (Maffei et al., 2004; Silver et al., 2004), -B3)G -B2+(Lynx rufus) 0 SXA (Heilbrun et al., 2003) + ,+)*/0/G 2/451+ (Lycaonpictus) 0 I3*/G A:-+1)."<@ 0B@0<)*+@ /;?)<8*BM /2/4)G <)/.5-L?5 *5 X-+LY5*1) >+;M5.5<5 + ),/ 1/<<),+ (Miththapala et al., 1989)+2./<8&/05<+ -+2'*/1 .@;)* 0/1-', */25 &0)-@, /?*51/ ?<@ +?)*L;+:+15K++ /2/4)G '?/4*)) +2./<8&/05;8 -+2'*/1 .@;)* *5 ;)<)M+7*+15 (Henschel, Ray, 2003).
%?)*;+:+15K+@ /2/4)G 0+?5 .';)6 ,)*);+()21/,/ 5*5<+&5 "H#+& 2/4-5**BM 0 ./<) /4-5&K/0 (0/</2 +<+ T121-)6)*;/0) +2./<8L&/05<528 ?<@ /K)*1+ -5&6)-5 ./.'<@K++ .'6B (Puma concolor; Ernestet al., 2000), 4'-/,/ 6)?0)?@ (Ursus arctos; Mowat, Strobeck, 2000),1/G/;5 (Canis latrans; Kohn et al., 2001) + 2)0)-/56)-+15*21/,/ 1/-L2515 (Vulpes velox; Harrison et al., 2002). R;5 ;)M*+15 .-+6)*@<528 +?<@ /.-)?)<)*+@ (+2<)**/2;+ 2*)3*/,/ 45-25, *5.-+6)-, 0 >/*L,/<++. D *52;/@7)) 0-)6@ '2+<+@ +22<)?/05;)<)G 0 /2*/0*/6 *5L.-50<)*B *5 /;-54/;1' T;/,/ 6);/?5 .';)6 /K)*1+ ,)*);+()21/G+&6)*(+0/2;+ ./.'<@K++ + 0B@0<)*+@ <'(=+M ,)**BM 65-1)-/0 +;)M*+1 ?<@ /.-)?)<)*+@ ,)*/;+.5. #51 /15&5</28, /.+2B05)6BG6);/? +?)*;+:+15K++ /2/4)G ./ "H# *) <+=)* *)?/2;5;1/0, 20@L&5**BM 2 *).-50+<8*B6+ ?/.'7)*+@6+ / 2;).)*+ &51-B;/2;+ ./L.'<@K++ + 2 +2./<8&/05*+)6 </3*BM 5<<)<)G (Taberlet et al., 1999;Boulanger, McLellan, 2001; Mills et al., 2000; Lorenzini et al., 2004).J;/4B 6512+65<8*/ 2*+&+;8 0)-/@;*/2;8 /=+4/1 0 /.-)?)<)*++(+2<)**/2;+ 0+?5, *)1/;/-B) +22<)?/05;)<+ -)1/6)*?'9; +2./<8L&/05;8 1/64+*5K+9 -5&<+(*BM 6);/?/0, 01<9(5@ .-+6)*)*+) 50L;/65;+()21+M :/;/156)-, -5?+/;)<)6);-++ + 5*5<+&5 "H#(Boulanger et al., 2002). P?*51/ +2./<8&/05*+) ;51/,/ 1/6.<)12*/L,/ ./?M/?5 &*5(+;)<8*/ ./0B=5); 2;/+6/2;8 +22<)?/05*+@ + ;-)L4'); -5&*/2;/-/**)G .-/:)22+/*5<8*/G ./?,/;/01+.
S6/<<0'? + N+;KM', (Smallwood, Fitzhugh, 1993) -5&-54/;5<+6);/?+1' +?)*;+:+15K++ /;?)<8*BM /2/4)G .'6B (Puma concolor)
33
./ 2<)?56. R;5 6);/?+15 4B<5 /.-/4/05*5 + -5&0+;5 ?5<)) Q-+,+L/*/6 (Grigione et al., 1999) + Y)0+2/*/6 (Lewison et al., 2001). %2L./<8&'@ *50B1+ 4'=6)*/0 .'2;B*+ #5<5M5-+ 0 /4*5-'3)*++ + +?)*L;+:+15K++ 2<)?/0, S;5*?)- (Stander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tander, 1998). P?*51/ 2;/+; /;6);+;8, (;/ 4/<8=+*2;0/ 6);/?/0'();5 ./ 2<)?56 ?59; <+=8 0)2865 .-+4<+&+;)<8*'9 15-;+*' (+2L<)**/2;+ (Smallwood, Fitzhugh, 1995; Van Sickle et al., 1992).
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© Snow Leopard Conservancy
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123
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%73-/035 2/456>: -AOC?@=E F=(D9C= Reconyx RapidFire (:=9< P@9<>H97>ADFA @ :>9@>?9 @C9DE A M9C>?(L98H9,I?8;M9>>H9 @ A>OC=FC=7>HS 8;M=S, @<9D>?<9) :?@?8B>? >=:9G>= A AD99<>97F?8BF? IC?JC=DD>HS >=7<C?9F :8EA7I?8BU?@=>AE @ I?89@HS A7789:?@=(>AES. ,=D9C= IC?AU@?:A<7E F?CI?C=(PA9K Reconyx (Reconyx, Inc., 3828Creekside Lane, Suite 2, Holmen,Wisconsin 5463650 USA, tel: (866) 493(6064. Website: www.reconyx.com) A 7<?(
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6. 4F8QMA<9 F=D9C; (@HF8QM=<98B @ I?8?G9>AA ON) and ;7<=>?@A(<9 A8A ?<F?CC9F<AC;K<9 :=<; A @C9DE 7 I?D?NBQ F>?I?F <<, >> A OK.
7. ':=8A<9 7>ADFA >= O8XT(F=C<9, @HLC=@ 7 I?D?NBQ F>?IFA>> O;>FPAQ “ERASE CARD”, >=GDA<9 OK.
8. /C?@9CB<9 U=CE: L=<=C9K: >=GDA<9 >>, M<?LH @HLC=<B “CHECKSTATUS”, U=<9D >=GDA<9 OK.
9. *=7<C?K<9 C9GAD C=L?<H F=D9CH, >=G=@ >>, M<?LH @HLC=<B“CHANGE SETUP”, U=<9D >=GDA<9 OK.
10. ,=D9C= AD99< <CA C9GAD= C=L?<H:a. %9GAD TRAIL: 3 7>ADF= >= ?:>? 7C=L=<H@=>A9 F=D9CH ?< :@A(
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c. %9GAD FEEDER: 3 7>ADF= >= ?:>? 7C=L=<H@=>A9 F=D9CH ?<:@AG9>AE, A><9C@=8 D9G:; 7>ADF=DA – 5 79F;>:, A><9C@=8 @ 15 79(F;>: D9G:; 7C=L=<H@=>AEDA F=D9CH.
11. 38E :?I?8>A<98B>HS ;7<=>?@?F >=GDA<9 >> A @HL9C9<9“ADVANCED”, U=<9D >=GDA<9 OK.
12. '7<=>?@FA U=<@?C= F=D9CH (TRIGGER):a. +9>7?C :@AG9>AE (Motion Sensor): ?IPAA ON (@F8QM9>) or OFF
(@HF8QM9>) (?IPAE OFF A7I?8BU;9<7E <?8BF?, 978A ;7<=>=@8A@=9<7EI9CA?: C=L?<H F=D9CH); @HL9CA<9 ON, >=GDA<9 OK.
b. `;@7<@A<98B>?7<B 79>7?C= (Sensitivity): ?IPAA LOW (>AUF=E),
133
LOW/MED (>AUF=E(7C9:>EE), MED (7C9:>EE), MED/HIGH (7C9:>EE(@H7?F=E), HIGH (@H7?F=E), VERY HIGH (?M9>B @H7?F=E); @HL9CA<9 ?:>;AU ?IPAK, >=GDA<9 OK.
c. ,?8AM97<@? 7>ADF?@ >= ?:>? 7C=L=<H@=>A9 F=D9CH >= :@AG9(>A9 (Pictures per trigger event): 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 7>ADF?@; @HL9C9<9 >;G(>?9 F?8AM97<@? 7>ADF?@, >=GDA<9 0,.
d. "><9C@=8 D9G:; 7>ADF=DA (Picture Interval): 1 79F;>:=, 3 79(F;>:H, 5 79F;>:, 10 79F;>:; @HL9C9<9 >;G>;Q ?IPAQ, >=GDA<9 0,.
e. "><9C@=8 D9G:; 7C=L=<H@=>AEDA F=D9CH >= :@AG9>A9 (Quietperiod): NO (>9<), 15 79F;>:, 30 79F;>:, 1 DA>;<=, 5 DA>;<; @HL9CA<9?:>; AU ?IPAK, >=GDA<9 OK.
f. W=F?>MA@ 7 >=7<C?KF=DA U=<@?C=, >=GDA<9 OK.13. '7<=>?@F= I9CA?:= C=L?<H F=D9CH (TIME LAPSE) (;7<=>?@F=
TIME LAPSE >9 C9F?D9>:;9<7E :8E I?89@HS A7789:?@=>AK JC;IIA(C?@?F ACLA7=, <=F F=F U@9CB D?G9< IC?S?:A<B I9C9: F=D9C?K @?@C9DE 99 >9=F<A@>?J? I9CA?:= A ?7<=>9<7E >9 U=C9JA7<CAC?@=>(>HD F=D9C?K):
a. /9CA?: 00(12 M=7?@ (AM period): ON (@F8QM9>?) A8A OFF (@HF(8QM9>?); @HL9CA<9 ON, >=7<C?K<9 @C9DE >=M=8= A F?>P= I9CA?:=A7I?8BU;E F>?IFA << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.
b. /9CA?: 12(24 M=7 (PM period): ON (@F8QM9>?) A8A OFF (@HF(8QM9>?); @HL9CA<9 ON, >=7<C?K<9 @C9DE >=M=8= A F?>P= I9CA?:=A7I?8BU;E F>?IFA << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.
c. "><9C@=8 D9G:; 7>ADF=DA (Picture interval): 1 DA>;<=, 5DA>;<, 15DA>;<, 30 DA>;<, 60 DA>;<; @HL9CA<9 ?:A> AU C9GAD?@, >=GDA<9 OK.
d. W=F?>MA@ 7 ;7<=>?@F?K I9CA?:?@ C=L?<H F=D9CH, >=GDA<9 0,.14. *=7<C?KF= AU?LC=G9>AE (IMAGES):a. *?M>?K C9GAD (Night mode): Default (I? ;D?8M=>AQ), HIGH
QUALITY (@H7?F?9 F=M97<@?), FAST SHUTTER (7F?C?7<>=E 7R9DF=),MAX RANGE (7R9DF= >= D=F7AD=8B>?D C=77<?E>AA ?< F=D9CH); @H(L9CA<9 HIGH QUALITY :8E A7789:?@=>AK 7>9G>?J? L=C7=; ?IPAE FASTSHUTTER D?G9< A7I?8BU?@=<B7E, 978A AU?LC=G9>AE >9C9UFA9; >=(GDA<9 OK.
b. %=UC9T9>A9 AU?LC=G9>AE (Resolution): High (@H7?F?9), Low(>AUF?9); @HL9CA<9 HIGH, >=GDA<9 OK.
c. #9DI9C=<;C= (Temperature): Fahrenheit (@ JC=:;7=S \=C9>J9K<=),Celsius (@ JC=:;7=S -98B7AE); @HL9CA<9 ?:>; AU ?IPAK, >=GDA<9 0,.
d. W=F?>MA@ 7 >=7<C?KF=DA AU?LC=G9>AE, >=GDA<9 0,.15. *=7<C?KFA :=<H A @C9D9>A (DATE/TIME):a. 4@9:A<9 J?: (year) A7I?8BU;E << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.b. 4@9:A D97EP (month) A7I?8BU;E << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.c. 4@9:A<9 :9>B (day) A7I?8BU;E << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.d. 4@9:A<9 M=7H (hour) A7I?8BU;E << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.e. 4@9:A<9 DA>;<H (minute) A7I?8BU;E << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.
134
f. W=F?>MA@ 7 >=7<C?KF?K :=<H A @C9D9>A, >=GDA<9 0,.16. '7<=>?@F= F?:?@?J? U=DF= (CODELOC): \;>FPAE Code Lock
I?89U>=, :8E <?J? M<?LH :C;JA9 8AP= >9 7D?J8A AUD9>A<B >=7<C?K(FA F=D9CH A A7I?8BU?@=<B 99 L9U C=UC9T9>AE.
a. 4HL9CA<9 O;>FPAQ ADD, >=L9CA<9 4 PAOCH F?:= A7I?8BU;E<< A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.
b. W=F?>MA@ 7 ;7<=>?@F?K F?:?@?J? U=DF=, >=GDA<9 0,.17. '7<=>?@F= AD9>A I?8BU?@=<98E (USER LABEL):a. 4HL9CA<9 O;>FPAQ ADD, >=L9CA<9 ADE I?8BU?@=<98E A7I?8B(
U;E << A >>, >=GDA<9 OK.b. W=F?>MA@ ;7<=>?@F; AD9>A I?8BU?@=<98E, >=GDA<9 0,.18. 4?U@C=N9>A9 F A7S?:>HD >=7<C?KF=D F=D9CH (DEFAULT):
X<= O;>FPAE A7I?8BU;9<7E :8E ;:=89>AE @79S I?8BU?@=<98B7FAS >=(7<C?9F A ;7<=>?@F9 >=7<C?9F F=D9CH I? ;D?8M=>AQ:
a. 4HL9CA<9 USE DEFAULTS, >=GDA<9 OK.b. 49C>;@ A7S?:>H9 >=7<C?KFA F=D9CH, >=GDA<9 OK.
<-./0+12/ 3 128O?5035 2/456> 1 6/:+?3; 65A34.*=K:A<9 I?:S?:EN99 D97<? :8E ;7<=>?@FA F=D9CH A @HI?8>A<9
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>9K (7D. %;F?@?:7<@? A CA7;>?F 5). 38E >=:9G>?J? U=FC9I89>AE F=(D9CH D?G>? A7I?8BU?@=<B @9C9@FA A8A C9UA>?@H9 T>;CH, M<?LHIC9:?<@C=<A<B 7D9N9>A9 F=D9CH @ C9U;8B<=<9 7A8B>?J? @9<C= A8A:C;J?J? @?U:9K7<@AE. /?D>A<9, M<? 8QL?9 7D9N9>A9 F=D9CH ICA(@9:9< F 99 =F<A@=PAA A 7R9DF9 F=:C?@.
2. 4F8QMA<9 F=D9C; (@HF8QM=<98B @ I?8?G9>AA ON), @HL9CA<9O;>FPAQ WALKTEST A7I?8BU;E F>?IFA << A >>, >=GDA<9 0,. ,C=7(>HK 7@9< A>:AF=<?C= F=D9CH L;:9< U=J?C=<B7E, F?J:= 79>7?C ;8?(@A< :@AG9>A9.
3. *=IC=@B<9 F=D9C; >= D97<? IC9:I?8=J=9D?J? IC?S?:= 7>9G(>?J? L=C7=. +9>7?C F=D9CH :?8G9> C=7I?8=J=<B7E >= @H7?<9 35(407D ?< U9D8A (ICAD9C>? >= ;C?@>9 I89M ACLA7=).
4. /C?K:A<9 I9C9: F=D9C?K, ;L9:A<97B, M<? A>:AF=<?C U=J?C=(9<7E FC=7>HD P@9<?D.
5. ,=F <?8BF? F=D9C= L;:9< IC=@A8B>? ;7<=>?@89>=, @HF8QMA<9O;>FPAQ WALKTEST, >=G=@ 0,.
6. '7<=>?@A<9 F=D9C; @ C9GAD AUTO (<9F7< FC=7>?J? P@9<=), ;L9(:A<97B, M<? F=D9C= @F8QM9>= (:A7I89K F=D9CH I?F=UH@=9< 78?@?AUTO A <=KD9C ?LC=<>?J? ?<7M9<= @C9D9>A), U=FC?K<9 I9C9:>QQFCHTF; F=D9CH.
7. `9C9U 2 DA>;<H F=D9C= L;:9< J?<?@= F :9K7<@AQ (A>:AF=<?CI9C97<=>9< J?C9<B FC=7>HD 7@9<?D).
8. #=FG9 F=D9C; D?G>? ICA@97<A @ :9K7<@A9 @C;M>;Q, @HLC=@
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,=D9C= Moultrie Game Spy D40 7 A>O(C=FC=7>HD 79>7?C?D :98=9< 7>ADFA M9C9U ?:>; 79F;>:; I?789 C9(JA7<C=PAA :@AG9>AE, AD99< 8=U9C>HK ICAP98 :8E IC=@A8B>?K ;7(<=>?@FA F=D9CH, = <=FG9 <CA @=CA=><= >=7<C?9F C=UC9T9>AE AU?L(C=G9>AE :8E 7>ADF?@ A @A:9?. /CA X<?D >= F=G:?D 7>ADF9 OAF7A(C;9<7E @C9DE, :=<= A D97<? 7R9DFA. 297<? 7R9DFA @@?:A<7E I?8BU?(@=<989D, <=FAD ?LC=U?D, D97<? ;7<=>?@FA O?<?(8?@;TFA D?G9<?<?LC=G=<B7E >= 7>ADF=S. ,=D9C= AD99< @7<C?9>>;Q =@<?D=<AM97(F;Q @7IHTF;, :=QN;Q @?UD?G>?7<B I?8;M=<B 7>ADFA @ <9D>?<9 >=C=77<?E>AA :? 14 D9<C?@ ?< F=D9CH. ,=D9C= AD99< 7?L7<@9>>;QI=DE<B ?LR9D?D 16 2L A 78?< :8E O8XT(F=C<H SD ?LR9D?D :? 4 VL.`<?LH I?7D?<C9<B 7>ADFA, >9?LS?:AD? @H>;<B O8XT(F=C<; AU F=D9(CH A8A I?:7?9:A>A<B F=D9C; >=ICED;Q F F?DIBQ<9C; M9C9U USB F=(L98B. ,=D9C= C=L?<=9< ?< 6 L=<=C9K <AI= D, IC?:?8GA<98B>?7<B C=(L?<H F=D9CH >= ?:>?D >=L?C9 L=<=C9K – :? 60 :>9K. ,C?D9 <?J?,D?J;< A7I?8BU?@=<B7E A I9C9U=CEG=9DH9 L=<=C9A <AI= D @D97<9 77?8>9M>?K L=<=C99K, I?:7?9:A>9>>?K F F=D9C9. %=UD9CH F=D9CH:18 7D S 23 7D S 7,5 7D. 497 7 L=<=C9EDA 1,4 FJ.
!565= 3-7+8@B+1/0354 2/456> 1 7+851>D ,-8+139D:'L9:A<97B, M<? 4H AD99<9 :?7<=<?M>HK U=I=7 7@9GAS L=<=C9K
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(/-.6+;2/ 2/456>:1. 47<=@B<9 @ F=D9C; 6 >?@HS L=<=C9K.2. '7<=>?@A<9 :=<; A @C9DE. /?@9C>A<9 I9C9F8QM=<98B
(OPERATION DIAL) @ I?UAPAQ SETUP, @F8QMA<9 F=D9C; A >=GDA<9F>?IF; SELECT. '7<=>?@FA D97EP= L;:;< DAJ=<B >= XFC=>9 F=D9CH.*9?LS?:AD? ;7<=>?@A<B IC=@A8B>?9 @C9DE, :9>B D97EP A J?: 7 I?(D?NBQ F>?I?F UP A DOWN, A I?<?D >=G=<B SELECT, I?:<@9CG:=E@HL?C F=G:?J? I=C=D9<C=.
3. '7<=>?@A<9 7M9<MAF F=:C?@ A7I?8BU;E F>?IFA UP A DOWN.4. \;>FPAE ERASE IMAGES D?G9< A7I?8BU?@=<B7E :8E ;:=89>AE
AU?LC=G9>AK 7 O8XT(F=C<H. *? I?D>A<9, M<? ICA X<?D @79 F=:CH>= F=C<9 L;:;< ;:=89>H. W=L8=J?@C9D9>>? 7F?IAC;K<9 O?<?JC=OAA>= F?DIBQ<9C.
5. 0IPAE DEFAULT (>=7<C?KFA I? ;D?8M=>AQ) @?U@C=N=9< @79>=7<C?KFA F=D9CH F I9C@?>=M=8B>?D; 7?7<?E>AQ. 0:>=F?, ICA >=(7<C?KF=S I? ;D?8M=>AQ C=UC9T9>A9 AU?LC=G9>AE >AUF?9. /?X<?(D; U:97B G98=<98B>? A7I?8BU?@=<B ?IPAQ CUSTOM (I?8BU?@=<98B(7FA9 >=7<C?KFA).
6. '7<=>?@A<9 C9GAD C=L?<H O?<?@7IHTFA (O;>FPAE FLASH) –=@<?D=<AM97FAK (Auto) A8A ?<F8QM9>= (Off), = <=FG9 <AI I?8;M=9D?J?AU?LC=G9>AE – @A:9? A8A O?<? 7 I?D?NBQ O;>FPAA CAPTURE MODE.
7. W=<9D @HL9CA<9 G98=9D?9 F=M97<@? 7>ADF?@ (IMAGE) A8A@A:9? (VIDEO) (7D. <=L8AP; >AG9 :8E ?IC9:989>AE F?8AM97<@= 7>AD(F?@ C=U>?J? C=UC9T9>AE, F?<?C?9 D?G9< SC=>A<B7E @? @>;<C9>>9KI=DE<A F=D9CH A >= F=C<9 I=DE<A SD ?LR9D?D 1 VL).
8. + I?D?NBQ O;>FPAA EVENT DELAY ;7<=>?@A<9 DA>AD=8B>HKA><9C@=8 D9G:; I?789:?@=<98B>HDA 7C=L=<H@=>A9D F=D9CH >=:@AG9>A9. "7I?8BU;K<9 F>?IFA UP A DOWN, M<?LH ;7<=>?@A<B A>(<9C@=8 @ 1, 5, 10 DA>;< A8A 1 M=7. /?:<@9C:A<9 @HL?C C9GAD=, >=(G=@ F>?IF; SELECT.
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10. /? ?F?>M=>AQ @79S >=7<C?9F, >= :A7I899 F=D9CH L;:9< DA(J=<B >=:IA7B CAMERA ID. 4 X<? @C9DE D?G>? @@97<A >=U@=>A9 D97<=;7<=>?@FA F=D9CH A8A 99 >?D9C, A X<= A>O?CD=PAE L;:9< =@<?D=(<AM97FA @I9M=<H@=<B7E @ F=G:HK 7>AD?F A8A @A:9?(CE:. *9 U=L;:B(<9 ;F=U=<B ADE F=D9CH A8A 99 >?D9C @ 7I9PA=8B>?K O?CD9.
138
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CamTrakker (FLCC?KARH ?AXGLQGLCARH I=>=Q>;G IK?<=A?D; 35&:?EE?:=>G;KR= LALE;T;KR= ? M?XG;KR= QL:=GR, C: >LJE?MO 14):www.camtrakker.com.
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Deer Cam Game Cameras (FG=IAL@ALP=AR K F=GKOW ;P=G=IB IED;U;>A?Q;K (>LJE?ML 14): www.nontypicalinc.com.
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Snow Leopard Conservancy18030 Comstock Ave,Sonoma, CA 05476.Telephone: +1.707.935.4851Facsimile: +1.707.933$9816Email: [email protected]
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