ire of Japan - Forgotten Books

PREFACE.

The Empire of Japan,appreciating this

grand opportunity of the W orld’

s Columbian Ex position to be held nex t year in

Chicago , United States of America , placesbefore the world her industry and agriculture . To endeavor to give,

in the work of

this k ind; the fullinsight into the actualcondition of the commerce and industry of

this c ountry,would 1” 3 too voluminous and

farless convenient . Thislittlevolume ,how

ever insignificant , is intended to furnish

the brief outlines, entitled G eneralViewof Commerce and Industry in the Empire

of Japan . Any advantage derived from

this narrow scopewillbeof no smallcreditto the efiort of the D epartment .

The Bureau of Commerce andIndustry,

Department of Agricultureand Commerce, Japau .

DECQMBER , 1892.

CO NTENTS .

CHAPTER I.GeneralO bserva t ion s .

GeographicalPosition—Boundaries—GeneralFeaturesDivisions—Area Population- Mountain Chains

Rivers—Harbours—Cities—Climate—Railway—PostTelegraph Maritime Communications CoinageW eights Measures—Industry—Commerce

CHAPTER II.F oreign Trade .

1. Foreign Trade before the Ansei Period—2. ForeignTrade after theAnsei Period 70-104

CHAPTER III.

Co mmodi ties Ex por ted trom G: Imported to .

1. PrincipalCommodities Ex ported from (divided into22 classes 65with the Directory of the Ex porters 6:Manufacturers of each class) —2. PrincipalCom

modities Imported to (divided into 12 classes 65withthe Directory of the Importers of each class) -332

CHAPTER IV.

Cu stom H ou se , M in ister Consul.

CHAPTER V.

J a panese a nd Am erican Trade.-485

comma s.

CHAPTER VI.

Chambers of Commerce -439

CHAPTER VII.

Comm ercial6: Indu strialUn ion s Associa t ion s

CHAPTER VIII.

Ex cha n g es 400—456

CHAPTER IX .

B a n k s 4 57-466

CHAPTER X .

J o in t-Stock Cmnpa n io s , Bla n u fa cto r ies W o rk shops-476

CHAPTER XI.

Conu nercial65 Indu str ialSchools , Tra in in g Schools& Newspa pers & M a g a z in es 4 47—485

CHAPTER XII.

Ble rcnn tlle a nd Indu str ialM u seu tns -4-83

Inde x —39-492

COMMERCE 8c INDUSTRY

IN

JAPAN .

CHAPTER I.

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.

Geog r a TheEmpireofJapan occupies its position

p olfiffi. in the North Pacific to theeast of theAsiatic

Continent . It extends from24° 6’N .lat. (the southern

extremity of Haterma Island in the Riukiu group)to 50

° 56’ N . lat. (the northern extremity of Araito

Island in the Chishima or the Kuriles) and from

122°

45E. long. (the W estern extremity ofYonakuni

Island in the Riukiu group) to 156°

32’

E. long.

(the eastern extremity of Shiumshu Island in the

Kurile group).

Bou nda ries . TheEmpire, which consists of the four

great islands and numerous smaller islands, is separated on the north-west by the Sea of Japan from the

Russian Manchuria and the Corean Peninsura. On

the north, it is separated from the Russian territory

by Saghalien Island andthe Strait ofNicholaevsk, andon the north-east, the group of the Kurile Islands

COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

extends to the Kamtchatka in the Russian dominion .

On the south-east , the Empire is bordered by the

Pacific Ocean, the vast expanse of which intervenestheEmpire and the United States ofNorthAmerica.

On the south-west , the dominion of the Empire in

cludes the Riukiu Islands andextends southward in

the direction of the Formosa andSouth China.

G

zzf‘

gifi‘mxff' The extent of the Empire from

north-east to south-west is about 500 ri and its

breadth varies from,30 to 60 ri.

The Honshiu, the largest of the four great islands,occupies the central position.

The Shikoku lies in the south ; the Kiushiu in the

west ; andthe Hokkaido in the north . The provinces

of theEmpire are divided, exclusive of those of the

Kinai , into eight great circuits seven of which are

contained in the Honshiu,Kinshiu, andShikoku.

The remaining circuit is the Hokkaido, which com

prises the provinces of Oshima, Shiribeshi, Ishikari,Teshio, Kitami , Iburi , Hitaka, Tokachi , Kushiro,Nemuro, andChishima. The Tokaido comprises the

provinces on the east coast of the Honshiu, viz. ,Iga,

Ise, Shims , Owari , Mikawa, TGtGmi, Suruga, Kai,Idsu, Sagami, Musashi, Awa, Kadsusa, Shimose, and

Hitachi. The Tosando includes the provinces lying

behind the Tekaido and extending eastward to the

Sea of Japan ; viz. , Omi, Mino, Hida, Shinano,Kodsuke, Shimodsuke, Iwaki , Iwashiro,

Rikuzen,

Rikuchiu, Mutsu, \Vuz cn, andNvago. The Hoku

entirely, a

rilmdo comprises theprovinces onthe Sea of Japantoitlie north of the W akasa, Ech

‘izen,

Kaga, Noto, Etchiu, Echigo, and Sado. The Kinaicomprises the provinces situated along the south-1

western boundary-line of the three circuits of the

Tekaido, Tosando, andHokurikudd! viz . ,Yamashiro,

’

Yamato, Kawachi, Idsumi, andSettsu . The Sanindo

cornprises the provinces on the Sea of Japan andwest

of theKi

nai ; viz . , Tanba, Tango,Tajima,

Inaba,Hoki ,

Idz umo, Iwami , and Oki. The Sanyodo'

comprises

the provinces lying to the south of the Sanindo a nd

on the north shore of the Inland Sea ; Harima,Mimasaka, Bizen, Bitchin,

Bingo, Aki, Suwo, and

Nagato. .The Nankaido includes, in addition to the

provincesin the Shikoku, a province projecting into

the sea southward from the Kinai ; viz . ,Kii , Awaji ,

Awa, Sanuki , Iyo, andTosa. The Saikaido includes

allthe provinces in the Kiushiu ; viz . ,Chikuz en,

Chikugo, Enz en,Bungo, Hizen, Higo, Hinge, Osumi ,

andSatsuma.

Besides the four great islands, the chain of the

Kuriles (Chishima) extends northward from the

eastern coast of the Hokkaido, while the group of

the Riukiu and other islands, including the Tanegashims , Oshima, and Yakushima, extends southwardsfrom the southernextremity of the Kiushiu in the

direction of the Formosa .

‘

In the Sea of Japan, the islands of the Sad-o and

Chi are situated ; in the strait between the Kinshm:


andCores , the Tsushima and Iki ; on the west coast

of theKiushiu, theHirado, Goto, andAmakusa ; andin

the Pacific Ocean ; the Hachijoj1ma and Ogasawara

j ima (Bonin Islands). The Inland Sea, which lies

between theHonshiu and Shikoku, contains a groupof innumerable islands, including the Awaj ishima,

Shodoshima, Oshima, Kurahashijima, Itsukushima,

and Nomishima, the beautiful passage through them

is world famous.

P3133; The following statement shows the area ,

population, and coast- line of the Honshiu and other

islands

sq . f t .

The Kuriles. (32islands

Sado

Tsushima

T0“

There is another Administrative division,and

though it had undergone several changes it com

prises at present one Administrative Board (Hok

2

111 ,633

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. 5

kaido), three Fu, viz . ,— Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, 43Ken

(prefectures), viz z—Kanagawa, Hyogo, Nagasaki, Nii

gata, Saitama, Grumme, Chiba, Ibaraki , Tochigi , Nara,Miye, Aichi, Shidsuoka, Yamanashi , Shiga, Gifu,

Nagano, Miyagi , Fukushima, Iwate, Aomori , Yama

gata, Akita, Fukui , Ishikawa, Toyama, Tottori ,Shimane, Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi , W aka

yams , Tokushima, Kagawa, Yehime, Kechi, Fukuoka,

Oita, Saga, Kumamoto, Miyazaki, Kagoshima, and

Okinawa.

1 These are subdivided into 804 Gun (districts), 42

Shi (cities) , Cho andSon (towns and villages) ,each of themhas its own administrative organ.

Almost every part of theEmpire is moun

tainous, forming several mountain chains.

The one rising in Saghalien Island runs southward ,and the other beginning from Chishima (KurilesIslands) goes westward . These two chains meetin Hokkaido (main island) intersecting each other,and crossing the channel from Oshima Peninsula,run to Honshiu, and thence to Southern Tosando.

Passing through Kinai andseparating Sanindo and

Sanyodo get in to the western Kinshia, and theremaking a turn, st0p in the southwestern part. In

their course, they branch off into three rangesand form what is called Honshiu (main land) moun

tain ranges. The one that, passes through Ouenters into Shinano and Kai, and thence traversing Tokaido, assumes conspicuous appearance in Idsu

6 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

and goes . over to Ogasawara] 1ma (Bonin Islands).That one which extends over Kinshia , rises in NotoPeninsula, andruns by the eastern bank ofBiwa lake.

Another one extends from Central Japan to Shine

no , Hida, Koz uke, and Shimoz uke. Beside these,

there are two ranges ; the one that rises in the central

part ofK1-1 province runs along the coast of Totomi

Nada, andpassing through Iz u makes its appearance

in Awa ; the other passes over to Sado Island fromthe northern extremity of Noto Peninsula. Shikoku

range, extending from Kii province, crosses Shikoku,

thus“ forming the boundary line of northern and

southern Shikoku provinces, and unites with the

Kinshia ranges.

Kiushiu ranges comp1mm thefollowing : the one

lies between Hizen, Chikuz en, andBuz en provinces ,and the other forming the spinal column of Kiushiii

runs in southern direction, presenting anaspect much

resembling the letter T . The mountains over

shaku above the sea level are shown in the followingtable

Mountains. Provinces.

FujlsanAkaishiyamaShiranesan

KomagatakeOrengeyamaRengeyamaShakujégatakeYatsugatakeNorikuradake

Suruga , KaiShinano

KaiEtchiuShinano, EtchiuShinanoKai


Mountains. Provinces.

Shinano

H6eiz an

Shinano

Daimugenz an Suruga , T6t6mi

Akanagiyama ShimotsukeShinano

Shinano, Koz ukeJiumonjlmine Musashi. Shinano

R ivers. The general feature of the country being longin N . andS . andnarrow inEast andW est andas onegreat chain ofmountains run through themiddle, so allthe rivers seem to correspond in their course to thisformation of land, that is to say, it seldom occurs thatthe rivers which make their ways parallel to the

mountain ranges, are sometimes long , but the greaterpart that run across the country are always short .The current of the rivers which empty into the

Pacific Ocean is comparatively tardy owing to the

gradual declivity of the ground.


It is otherwise with those that discharge into the

Sea of Japan, the descent being q uite precipitous,renders it generally rapid.

It is much to be regretted that the rivers of thiscountry are generally devoid of navigable facility ,owing to the shortness of the course, s unken rocks,boulders, andsand banks often bstruct the passage.

In the following table the noted lakes andlong riversare ranged .

Table of theNoted Rivers. (NavigableLength).

Names. Provinces. Length.

rt. elm.

Ishikarigawa

71 .11

ShinanogawaKisogawa

Akanogawa

Yoshinogawa

Abukumagawa Iwashiro, IwakiKinogawa Yamato, KiiArakawa

KnShinano:Kai, SuEnz en. Chikugo

Mimasaka, Biz en

Shimotsuke, HitachiYechiz enRikuz en

Shimotsuke, Hitachi

IshikariRikuchiu , Rikuz en

Kdz uke, Musashi,Shimfisa, Hitaclu

Shinano,

Shinano, Hide. Mino,Owari, Ise

Uz en, UgoIwashiro, EchigoTosaTosa , Awa


Mimasaka, BisonKushidagawa

Kitayamagawa

Kakogawa

TakayanagawaIwakigawa Mutsu

Note : lshikarlgawa. theonly entirelengthis given.

Table of the Celebrated Lakes.

Lakes. Provinces. Cu cum

Biwako.

NakaumiHachirogataKokawaranuma

Towadako Mutsu

H arbou r TheEmpire theentirely surrounded by seasthat the extended coast-line amounts to nauticalmiles, and . that of the four great islands onlyamounts to nautical miles. The coast aboundsin numerous harbours, indentations affording goodshelter to vessels. The most important of them are

Yokohama in Musashi, Kobe andOsaka in Settsu,

Niigata inEchigo, Nagasaki in Hiz en, Hakodate in


Oshima, (the above mentioned are the open ports) ,Shimonoseki in Nagato, Hakata in Chikuz en,

Kuchi

notsu andKaratsu in Hizen, Misumi in -Hi'

go, Fushi

ki in Etchiu, Otaru in Shiriheshi, Kushiro inKushiro ,

Moj i in Buz en, Yokkaichi in Ise, (the abovemention~

ed are the special port for exports), Shinagawa in

Musashi, Uraga and Yokosuka in Sagami , Shimoda

in Idz u, Shimidz u in Suruga, Tobam Shima,'lomo

tsu and Onomichi in Bingo, Tadotsu in Sanuki ,Kagoshima in Satsuma, Naha in Rifikifi, Idz uharainTsushima, Miyatsu andMaidz uru in Tango, Tsuruga

in Echizen, Nanao in Noto, Ebisu in Sado, Tsuchi

zaki and Sakata in Ugo,Mororan in Iburi , Aomori

in Mutsu, andMiyako in Rikuchiu.

Theprincipal bays areSendai and Mutsu Bay in Tosando, Tokyo and

Saruga Bay and Ise Sea in Tokaido, Osaka Bay in

Kinai , Ar iake Nada and Kagoshima Bay in Saikaidc,andVolcanoandNemuro Bay in Hokkaido.

“ M u m“The Port , under the control of Kaua

gawa“

Prefecture, IS situated m the southern ex tremity

ofMusashi province and extends 139° 38’

38”of E.

long , 35°

26’

53”ofN .lat. The coast of the harbourbegins from Hommoku Point running along the

Nogeura, curves at the town of Kanagawa. It is

Open in north-east andthe undulating hills enclose theback ground. The harbour is spacious and deep .

The town covers the tract ofO. 35 sq . ri, containing

27, 835houses, andthe population numbers 127, 987

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GENERAL OBSERVATIONS . 1 1

The port is the nuclius of the north-eastern part of

the Emplre, being so near the capital that it is practically the port of Tokyo. In addition to this, allthosewho go toEurope, America, China, Australia,

and thosewho come to visit our country, generally

touch the port as it is the most important inter

mediate place. W ith respect to the constant accu

mulationanddistribution of merchandise on foreigntrade, and the . prosperous state of shipping of thisport , nonebf the other Treaty ports could surpass.

Itwas formerlyby called Yokohama-mumandhas been

an insignificant fishing village, but with the treaty of

Opening theports concluded ln the 6th year of Ansei

(1859) there began to assumeaneed aspect. Swampy

places were filled up, rivers were dredged , and roads

were built. As soon as the plan of the townwas laid

down foreigners as well as natives poured in andin a

decade or two, rose up to be one of the foremost em

poriums of the Empire. At present the harbour

works are energetically carried on. It was com

mencedin Jan. 1890, and to be completed in March1894. The plan of the work is to construct thebreakwaters projecting from east andthe other fromnorth , edas to form a shelter for vessels ; and to

construct piers from the former wharfs, andfrom thereto reach ithe railway station by rails through the

compoundof the Custom-House. On completion of

this workthe spacious accommodation for vessels ofallkinds, andthe facilities for transport, shipping and


landing Of merchandise will be ofno small account.

Table of Distance from Y okohama to the Chief

Ports, Foreign andHome.

Ports. Ports. Distance.

Melbourne

Yokosuka

Shimiz u (Suruga)Hands (Owari)YokkaichiKebe

Haiphong

Table of theMerchantVesselsEntered to Y oko

hama from ForeignCountries.

Steamers. Sailing Vessels.

MarseilleGibraltarPlymouth

Honolulu

No.

252

235259234

236

232

295220

Total.Ton.


of the Merchant Vessels cleared Y okohama

for Foreign Countries.

Table of the TotalValue of Commodities Immrted

to and Ex ported from Y okohama Harbour.

Year.

1885

1891

Note. Since theyear 1888. the value of Commodities is given in silver yen. the

valueof importstlons from gold countries being converted into silver at the sum s

rate of ex chsngo. Tots] values of thoseyears proceeding to 1872areobscure.

14 ( MMMMMEAW NMMW MW Q N JH MM

TheNext Table shows the total value of cominod'

i

ties Exported from, and Imported toVarious Foreign

Countries during the last three years.

4 2

go

a ”la

a"1 " 0 4>

3 3423 433225m m5 Shun <mmoma


en.

1 Plants,Trees,Shrubs.EuropeanUmbrellas. BlackBookks 12 HamaguriTatsukuriorGomameFishll.909 China Boots

K 5“ Port This port is in theAdministrative district

ofHyogo Prefecture, extending 135'

24’

29”E. Long .

and 35°

37 N . Lati . , occupying the south-western

corner of Settsu province.

On the north-east it is boundedby the former bed

of Ikutagawa andon the south-west theMinatogawa,which borders the Town of Hyogo, andon the north

western side by mountains andthe sea on the southeast. The harbour, together with Hyogo-Town, and

other three villages compose the city of Kobe, and it

contains the area of sq . ri, houses, and

the population of The harbour occupies

the important post for the south-western regions of

theEmpire, moreover it is q uite close tomost flourish

ing cities of Kyoto and Osaka. From this har

bour, Tekaido and SanyoRailways start , the former,to the east , and the latter to the west, which neces

sarily forms central station,for travellers andcom

modities, etc. , that come from Europe to Yokohama ,

fromAmerica to Shanghai andHongk‘

ong, and from

Yokohama to the provinces of south-western Japan.

The bay is deep enough .to afford a convenient moor

ing to allkinds of vessels and it is next to none of

the treaty ports, ex cept Yokohama. Following tables

will show the distance from the harbour to the


important ports, foreign anddomestic, andthe yearlyaverage of the foreign merchant vessels entered fromandcleared for foreign countries.

Table of Distance fromKobe to the Chief Ports,Foreign andHome.

Ports.

TadotsuImaharu (1yo)Mitsugahama (Iyo)Nagahama (IyoBeppu (Bungo)OitaSaganoseki (Bungo)Yawatahama (Iyo)Uwajima (Iyo)Okayama (Biz en)Onomichi (Bingo) .

Table of the Merchant Vessels Entered to K6befrom Foreign Countries.

Year. Steamer.

T011 .

18

4

20

2548

91

143

179201

192

Hiroshima (Aki)Mitaj iri (Suwo)AkamagasekiTokushima (Awa)Kachi (Tosa)Sneaki(Shimiz uOsakaYokohamaNagasaki, viaBakan

Total.No. Ton.

49

39

455073

112

171

206

232

219

'

18 COMMERCEAND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

Table of the Merchant Vessels Cleared Kabefor Foreign Countries.

Year.

This harbour, originally no more than an incon

siderable fishing village, was opendinDecember 1867subseq uent to the conclusion of the treaty of com

merce and intercourse with the foreign countries, and

the business was entrusted to the Hioge BugiG

(Governor of Hyogo) specially appointed for the

purpose. Ever since, though the prosperity and

dullness of the trade with foreign countries difi'

ered

with times, it always ranked next to Yokohama.

Total Value of the Import and Export of thisharbour is shown in the following table.

Table of the TotalValue of Commodities Importedto, and Ex ported from Kobe Harbour.

Year. Total.

Sailing Vessels.

.No.

4544

33

29

27

Ton.

COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.20

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Among theexported articles themost prominent are

rice, tea , copper, match , and camphor ; of imported

articles cotton, cotton yarn, sugar, cloth , beans, peas,andpulse.

Ofallthe commodities ex portedfrom Kobe in 1891,the following 71 varietieswhose amount ex ceedyen, are shown below.

Paper ManufacturesBronz e W are

Brass W ire

Porcelain andEarthenW are

Mats for

Kanten or ColleVegetable

Screen

DriedOuttle FishVegetable W ax

Shiitake, MushrooCoal, for Ship’s Use

Ingot Copper

BambooManufactures

Lacq ueredW are

European UmbrellasRape-seedsBamboo 137.750

Bronz e

CoalRape-seedOilTimber’s PlanksingsengStraw-plaitsGlass W are

Cotton Cloths for

Floor

SilkPiece GoodsGall-nutsNoshi SilkSilkManufactures

Iriko orBechedeMerCoralRoundFans

Cotton Under-shirtsand

Camphor OilFurs

W ashing SoapShell, AwabiSulphuric AcidStar-anise

Copper W ireFloss-silkSilkHandkerchiefSea

W ood W are

FeathersAwabi, Shell-fishCut See

Paper LanternsCotton Flannels or

MompasShark

’

s Fins

PicturesMusselShell-fishCopper W are

Leaf Tobacco


yen.

Socks and Stockings 1 Bronz e W are

Straw Manufactures SoyConchor Yakogai Shell Toilet Soap"

fi x“ This port in Nagasaki Prefecture covers

the southern portion of Sonoki peninsula ofHiz en

province, is situated130°

29”E. long. and 32

°

45’

N.

lat. , and is nearly encircledby mountains ex cept the

western part where it opens to sea. The harbour

measures 18 cho in the widest part, andabout 6 cho

in the narrowest part, i. e. from east andwest, andis

over 1 ri to the south and bends somewhat to the

south . TheMount Inasa. stands to the north-west of

the harbour. Kayakishima andKagenooshima guard

ing the entrance, check the rough waves of'

the open

Sea.

Its waters are placid allseasons and it is largeenough for the anchorage of scores of large vessels .

The city covers sq . ri, with the population of

and houses. Situatedon thewestern

ex tremity of theEmpire, andbeing the principal port

ofKinshia , Nagasaki is another centre that draws allships from far and near.

As to the maritime communications of this port

with foreign countries, we have regular lines to

Fusan, Gensan, Tientsin,Hongkong, Shanghai, and

Vladivostock on the continent, besides it being the

port of call for the vessels of European line, and for

those of Philippine andAustralian lines that there is

nothing left to be regrettedonthepart ofthemaritime


communications. Though the inlandtransportation

is not up to the standard, yet the importation of coal ,rice, corn, wood, charcoal, tea, marine products, and

other commodities from the various portions ofKiu

shiu is considerable, and deserves the designation of

the thirdtreaty port.

In the nex t tables the yearly comparison of the

merchant vessels entered to and cleared fromNaga

saki for foreign countries, and the distance to the

various important ports fromNagasaki, are shown.

Table of the Merchant Vessels Entered to Nagasakifrom Foreign Countries.

Table of the Merchant§VesselslCleared Nagasakifor Foreign Countries.

N0 . Ton. Ton No . Ton.

1882 386 77 i 5221883 383 57.055 5171884 474 5991885 507 605 501 ,7151886 601 585.342 670

1887 597 653


Table of theDistance from Nagasaki to the Chief

Ports, Foreign and Home.

Ports. Ports.

GotfiFukue(Hiz en)Takeshiki(TsushimaIz uharaChikufuShimabara (B izen).W akatsu (Chikugo)KagoshimaKuchinotsuMiike (Chikugo)Saseho (Hiz en)ImariKaraHakata

In thelst year of Grenki (1570) for the first time,themerchant vessel ofPortugal enteredthis harbour,andin the following year tradewith that country was

fairly begun.

Afterwards it was made the fix ed trading post

with China in the 2nd year of Kwanyei (1629)and17 year later with Holland. Ever since

,

allthe affairs concerning diplomacy and commerce

were treated in this place, andremainedso until the

formal opening of this port in the 6 thyear ofAnsei

Being the oldest of the trading ports with

the foreign countries it monopoliz ed for a long time

Naha (Riukiu)K6beYudzu (Hiz enHososhimaUsuki (Bungo)Sagaseki (Bungo)Shanghai

Chefoo

Jinsen

Tientsien


the advantages derived from it. Though the condi

tion of trade wi

th foreign countries had undergone

much changes, it is quite plain, the trade of this port

is far less behindthan those ofYokohama andK0be.

The following table of the total value of the com

modities imported to and ex ported from this portshouldbe referred.

Table of the TotalValue of theCommodities Importedto and Ex ported from Nagasaki Habour.

Imported. Total.yen. yen. yen.

1 ,451,568

1891

Note : Since the year 1888, the value of Commodities is given in silver yen. the

valueof importations from goldcountries being converted into silver at theaveragerateof ex change. Totalvalueof thoseyears preceeding 1872are obscure.

For the total value of the commodities importedtoandex portedfrom various foreign countries at Naga

sakiduring the last threeyears see the nex t table.


The principalcommodities ex ported from the port

are coal , driedcuttle fish, rice, camphor, and Shntake

mushroom,and those of the imported are kerosene

oil, white sugar, raw cotton, oil-cakes .

Specifying the ex portedmerchandises over

yen during 1891 we have the following 19 varieties

Owl0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

DriedCuttle Fish

Shellfish.Awabircoal

Porcelain andEarthen W are

PapersIriko, BeohedeMar

This port, under the control of Hokkaidfi

Administration Board, ex tending 140°

43'

6”of E.

long , 41°

45’

54" ofN. 1at., is situatedon the southern

part of Oshima Peninsula. The harbour is about 1 ri

20 cho in length andbreadth , and the physical forma

tion of its surrrundings is naturally adapted to the

Shelter of vessels. The city covers the area of 06 29

sq . ri containing houses and the population

amounting toi

This port is the most important port ofHokkaido.

The commodities fromNemuro , Akkeshi, Mororan,

Kayabetsu on the east, and Fukuyama, Yesashi,Suttsu, Utasutsu, Isoya, Iwanai, Furuya on thewest,pour into the port tobedistributedelsewhere. Moreover, those vessels that navigate the eastern sea al

Timber, W ood, and

PlankRawCottonTeaShark

’

s Fins

Flour of allKindsStar

Vegetable W ax

Shell,SilkPiece Goods


ways touch here, in their course to Ishikari andOtaruwhich lie in

,the north . Notwithstanding the situa

tion of its being in the ex treme north, it is quite

thriving andis one of the five open ports.

Table of Distance from Hakodate to the

Chief Ports.

Ports. Ports.

Matsumaye (Oshima ) 42 Mori (Oshima)82 Mororan (Iburi)

Shi

}. 158 Nemuro

Iwanai ( 170 Niigata221 Oginohama

Séya (Kitami) 330 Yokohama

This harbour was opened in the June of the 6th

year ofAnsei chiefly engages in the ex port ofsulphur to America, and

.

the marine products to

China. The t0talvalue of the commodities importedto and ex ported from this port within the space of

19 years (1873-1891) is shown below.

Table of the TotalValue of Commodities Importedto and Ex ported from Hakodate B ahour.

Year. Imported. Ex ported. Total.


Year. Imported. Total.yen. yen.

1883

1884

18851886

1887 1l,4221888

1889

1890

1891

Note: Since the year 1888, the value of commodities is given in silver yen, the

value of importations from goldcountries being converted into silver at the averagerate of ex change. Totalvalues of those years preceding 1872are obscure.

N

ags?“ This port is in Niigata Prefecture ex tending

139°

3’

E. long , and 37°

55’

N. lat. , andis situated

in the centre of Echigo province. On the north it is

boundedby 4the Shinanogawa andnorth-west by sea.

The city covers 07 88 sq . ri with houses and

of population. It is themost important port

ofHokurikudG, andsupplies the demandof the neigh

bouring provinces. Above all, rice being the staple

production of Echigo province, the ex port through

this port amounts to nearly goku every year.

So,from the commercial point of view, it occupies

the important place along the western coast of the

Empire. The distance from this port to the chief

ports of theEmpire is shown below.

Table of Distance from Nugata to the Chief Ports.

Ports. Ports.

Tsuchiz aki (Ugo)Hakodate

Naoyetsu


Though this port was Opened in the year 1868 as

one of the five treaty ports, yet its trafixc with foreign

countries has alwaysbeen rather backward.

emu . Everywhere in this densely populatedEmpire

there ex ist large cities andtowns to be calledcentres

in respect of their respective comercial or industrial

relation, in regard to the administrative division, or

on the point of communications . The latest return

shows the number of cities andtowns contaning the

population over amounting to 141, if the

population of villages subjoinedto cities and towns

were to be added the number would be augumented

far more. DividingwholeEmpire into four parts andalloting the cities andtowns ofmore than peo

ple, we have the following table.

O ver

6 51

4

In the cities and towns containing the population

ofmore than we have the following table.

Provinces.

Settsu


Names. Provinces.

This city under the administration ofTokyo

fu, ex tending 139°

45’

29”E. long. , 35

°

40’

N.lat ., is

situated in the south-eastern part of Musashi pro

vince. Ex tensive fertile landforms its north-western

boundary and the Bay of Tokyo limits the south

eastern part, while the River Sumida flows on the

east. It covers the area of 4 7 sq . ri with

houses andthe population of andthewholecity 18 divided into 15 districts, viz . Kojimachi,Nihonbashi, Kyobashi, Kanda, Asakusa, Shitaya,


Honjo, Fukagawa, Az abu, Akasaka, Yotsuya, Ushi

gome, Koishikawa, Shiba and Hongo. Thi

formerly called Yedo , was the seat of Sh0gring the long periodof200 years

, since the

ofKeicho (1606) when Tokugawa Iyeyasu builtcastle here for his permanent residence. W ith

Restoration of 1868, Yedo was changedto Tokyo,the Imperial seat was removed here. Since thencity was greatly improved, andings rose one after anothermilitary barracks, meeting houses, legationand associations, banks, hotels, theatres,firms and factories. Complete network of

and telephone spread above and at night

are illuminatedby gas and electriclight.

increase of houses makes it necessary to

city limit, andthemunicipal debtwas rai

to meet the ex pense of the Tokyc‘

) city i

which is actively carried on at present,to be completedin five years hence. T

of the city takes the lead of the citi

Empire, andcontains 23 markets, 77

office included), 77 commercial firms,corporations andmanufactories, one

stock-ex change, onemeeting-house

agricultural, commercial , industrial

associations, chamber of commerce,tion buildings, so that there is no deficiency left

the stimulation of the commercial and indust


Names.

16 1178 Miyasaki

234 HokkaidoAdmi’

nistaf303 tive Board

For the transportation‘

by sea, the TokyGBay line

busily plies between Yokosuka, Yokohama; Uraga,

Chiba, Kisaradsu, and Tateyama, and there is river

communication with Shimosa province and there

about.

This city under the control of Kyoto-Eu

ex tending 135°

43'

E. long , 35°

1’

N. lat. , occupies

its position in the centre of Yamashiro province,and nearly surrounded by mountains, but broken

only in the south where it communicates W ith the

Open field with the River Kamo running to the

east of it. The city is divided into two parts, the

northern portion being called Kamikyaku (upper

city) and that of the southern, Shimok k u (lower

city) , andcovers the area of 18 6 sq . riwith a p0pulation of and houses. For almost a

thousandyears since theEmperorKwanmu establish

edthis place the capital of the Empire in the 13th

year of Yenriaku it has been the Imperial re

sidence for the succeeding reigns, and the constant

abods of the court nobles and the cherishing home of

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. (as

the famous artisans and architects. Though the

Restration of 1868, and the removal of the h perialpalace to Tokyc

‘

) somewhat lowered the former,pro

sperity of the city, yet the ancient tombs and vast

temples, its attracting landscape, andspecial industryandarts peculiar to Kyato do stillremain, andis one

of the 3 fu of theEmpire.

It is called also Saiky0 (western capital) from its

being the ancient capital. W ith respect to the trans

portation andintercourse, a railway line starting fromShichijo in the south of the city , reach Tokyo (329miles) passing on the way Nagoya (94 Shiz uoka

(209 Yokohama (311 andanother line leavingthe same place, ex tends toKobe (47 passing Osaka

(27 andtheYodogawa is the highway ofriver com

munication to Osaka, and the Biwako canal to Omi.

Manual industries prevail in the city so that W orks

done by mechanical process are very rare. The chief

manufactures are Nishijin fabrics, dyed cloths of allkinds, Awata earthen wares andKiyomidsu porcelain,

lacqueredwares, copper wares, Shippowares, embroi

deries, figured fabrics, plaits, knittings, fans, round

fans, gilt-thread, and gold and silver leaf, each beingex ported more or less and the patronage they enjoyis quite due to the taste and skill peculiar to the place

and impossibility of imitation by others. There are

following commercial firms and factories, viz . , 47

fabric factories, a cotton spinningmill, a silk spinningmill, 7 dyeing companies, a Shippfi-ware manufactur


ing Cc. , 9 fan manufactories andcopper waremanu

factories, 3porcelain andearthenware manufacturingCc. , one manufactory of floor Rugs, one c0p

per W ire manufactory , 3 brass plate manufacturingcompanies, and one toy manufactory , besides, manu

factures done by private individuals can not enumer

ated. The sale of products of the city , and importa

tion of the rawmaterials needed for them constitute

the traffic of the place, andthe business is transancted

principally between the inland cities, and there are

but fewpersons who engage in direct tradewith the

foreign countries . The city contains 6 commercial

firms, 8 banks (branch ofiice included), one stockex

'change, one rice-ex change, besides many merchan

tile and industrial corporations andassociations, one

chamber of commerce, anda merchantilemuseum.

fifkf: This city, under the control of Osaka-Eu,

ex tending 135°

31’

10" of E. long , 34°

41’

27”of N.

lat. ,is in the south of Settsu province. It has an

ex tensive Open fieldfor environment ex cept the southwhere it faces the sea. The Yodogawa runs southward through the city branching into the Ajikawa,Shirinashi-gawa, andKidsugawa. The city is dividedinto 4 districts, andcovers the area of sq . riwitha population of and houses. Itwas

formerly called Naniwadz u famous in ancient times

is one of the 3 in, geographically holdthe importantplace for Saninda, Sanyodt

‘

r,Nankaido, and Saikaidfi.

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS .

The brisk business and the incessant communications

with various places bear the same relation to the

western Japan, as Tokyo is to the eastern Japan. It

is'

obvious that the suitability of the place as com

mercialdepot hadbeen recogniz edas early as Teikyo

andGenroku (about 1680 or the products from

allquarters were generally transported to this city

where themarket price was fix edupon,and whence

they were distributedagain to allother quarters. It

was from this circumstance that, the commercial

supremacy naturally fellinto the possession of Osakawhich it had retained for a long time. Since the

Restoration of Meiji,the facility of communication

andtransportation became ex tendedto every quarters,the necessary consequence being that the direct

conveyance ofmerchandise to the demandedquartersfrom the place of produce ; andwith the opening of

the adjacent port of Kobe, the large quantities of

commodities began to be principally ex ported fromand imported to this new port. Though thesecircumstances might have more or less retarted theprogress of its trade, yet the grand appearance of

the stately buildings of the millionaires and stores of

respectable merchants, large firms and banks, showthat the two causes could not produce any seriousefl

'

ect. Its principalmerchandises are rice, salt, sugar,tea, soy, liq our, vegetables, fish, dried salted fish,dried bonito, dried vegetables, sea-weed, tobacco,cloths, foreign cloths, cotton yarn, rawcotton, hem

as? COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

paper, mattings, indigo , rape-seed, wax , iron, copper,coal, rape-seedoil, wood, charcoal , timber, fancy goods,porcelain andearthen ware, lacqueredware, manures.

The city contains 56 commercial firms, 114 com

mercialcorporations, 16 markets, one rice ex change,one stock-ex change, 58 banks (branch offices included)twomeeting-housesfor bankers, chamber ofcommerce,associations, and one mercantile museum,

besides

other numerous commercial organs . Moreover, the in

dustrymade a rapiddevelopment recently , andhosiery

manufactures, cut sea-weed, towels of variegateddye,

rosettewoodworks, paperscreen making, glass works,soap manufacture, match manufacture, cotton spin

ning, manufacture of oils of allkinds, are spiritedlycarried

‘

on. The latest return shows the number

of industrial corporations and factories, to be 83, and

the amount of product is considerably larger. For

the land communication we have Tokaido Railway

starting from Umeda, in the north of the city , one

line ex tends to Tokyo (356 miles) passing on the wayKyoto (27 Nagoya (121 Shidz uoka (236

andYokohama (338 while another one reaches

Kobe (20 mi.) passing Kanz aki (6 Nishinomiya

(8 mi.) the Hankai Railway leaving Namba, situated

on the south of the city passes Tengacha-

ya, Sumi

yoshi and stops at Sakai (6 and the Osaka

Railway , has twolines, one reachNara,andthe other

Takata. For the river communication, the city has

the facility , derived from the three branch rivers of


the Yodogawa, alli

of them discharge into Osaka Bay.

The port was openedin the first year ofMeiji (1868)for foreign trade, and

,

most of themerchandise has to

pass this city tobe‘

distributed, but it is muchregretted

that the shallow entrance of the bay causes no smallinconvenience to the free passageof large vessels.

The table of total value.

of the commodities ilnportedto andex Ported from the city to the various foreigncountries isgiven below.

Ex ported. Total.

.087

651.844

1

1881 1 2 6 1 1

1882 1 1

18831884

1885 ,378 l,8461886 1 ,02

18871 1

1889

1890

189l 981.103

Note : Since the year 1888, the value of commodities is given in silver yen. the

valueof importations fromgold countries being converted into silver at theaverage

Among the ex ported articles the most prominentaremarine products, copper, match and cotton piece

goods ; of importedarticles are rice,cotton,

sugar and

beans.


Commodities over yen ex portedfromthis city:

during the year 1891 are as follows

Copper Bar, Slab, etc. Bronz e

Matches Porcelain andEarthenCottonCloths W ares .

Ingot Copper Vegetable W ax

SilkCloths Kanten or Colle VegsDriedCuttle Fish tableSpirit andAlcohol Rape-seedOil

HempShntake Mushroom Shrimps

yrs . Clima te. The climate of theEmpire is generallymild and healthy as it occupies its position in the

temperate z one, and though the different portions of

theEmpire have the different temperatures accordingto the influences of situation, formation of land, phy

sicalfeatures ofmountains, andocean stream.

Upon the whole, the whole island group of the

Empire iswithin the circuit ofnorth-easternmonsoon,

andis hot in summer and the sultry windblows, andin winter in addition to the cold north or north

western wind, the coldcurrentflowing from theArctic

Ocean, andpassing through the Bhering Strait, wash

ing the Chishima Islands and the eastern coast of

Hokkaido finally reach Inuboez aki in Shimose pro

vince, andcoming in contact with the temperature of

the Continent ofAsia, it makes the north-eastern por

tions of theEmpire intensely cold andsnowy . But,

fortunately, the warm current from the equatorialregion one branch of it running along the Pacific

coasts of the Empire, and another, entering the Sea


Regulation for the Construction of Railway in June,1892 and ex pects to accomplish the laying of the

necessary railways within 12 years by raising the

public debts. Taking Tokyo as base, there are two

longest lines, the one starting from Tokyo andendat

Awomori (455 the other leaving Tokyo andpassing Kobe reach Onomichi (514 Tram-railwaysare also laidin Tokyo and other places, andwith re

gardto the state-highways andprefectural-roads, there

are constant improvements, new roads are built, the

oldroads are repairedandcanals are opened.

Railway Lines of Government and Private

Companies.

Line. Situation. Capital.

Shimbashi toKobe.Ofuna to Yokosuka,

Ofu to Taketoyo,

saki, Takasaki to 8

z awa to

Babe. to

Fukaya to Naga

Sakumacho to A0

Akabane, Omiya to

Maebashi, Utsunomiya to Nikko, Iwakiri to Shiogama and

Company.592

m.

seki and Hyogo to


0

8 KiushinArita to Saseho, Udo mto Yatsushiro and 1

5 Company. Prefecture.

Kokura toGyohashi.Muroran to Sara

E'

Hokkaidofuto to Ikushimbeten, Oiwahe to g Hokkaido.

Yfibari and Suna

Kusatsu toKuwana Kwanseiand Kameyama to

Tsu .

Umeda to Sakurai SandOj i to Nara. $

1,

Oyama. to Maye" m

27mi.Company.

Namba to Sakai 6 mi shinchi,

Marugame toKotohira 10m1.

Company.

Takahama.toRitaai135m

gawara. 10m1 .

Company.

W akamatsu to Chikuho KoIkari andNokata to gyoRailwayIiz uka . Company.

KushireShibetcha to Sate26mi. Railway

KofuGotemba toMatsu

136miRailwayCompany. Pretecture.

Oishida to Sakata YamagataandAkayu toYone Railway


Line.

Kyoto to 26 mi

Yokkaichi to Ikariand Kouchida to

Koharu.

Uyeno to Yachi

Ten to 23mi

Takata to Gosho

machi . 13mi

Kokubunj i toKawa

goe 18mi

Ome to Tachil3mi

Total mi.

Company.

Situation. Capital.

The Table Showing the Income and Ex penditures

and Construction Ex pense of the Railway.

GOVERNMENT.

TotalEx penseof the NewConstruction

from the IncomeEstablishment .

PRIVATE.

TotalEx penseof the NewConstruction

fromme Income.

Establishment .

yen. yea . yea .

7.698

6 73217

8

331082884 2963960


Table Showing the Number of the Railway Pas

sengere and Cargoes, and the TotalAmount

of the Fares Derived Therefrom.

Year.

Government

Private

Gov.

- 1l,366 .774

-ll.787.913

Post . In the year 1871 the oldex isting post systemwas abolished and the Postal Laws ex ecuted in

Europe and America were adopted and carried in

force, the systems of the Postal Money Orders, and

savings banks were established, and the Parcel Post

Law is now being in force, there is no place, however

remote andsequestrated, where the letters can not be

despatched and delivered. As to the foreign mails,the agreement for mutual ex change of the letters was

settledwith the UnitedStates in 1873, andafterwards

the convention for establishing Universal Post Union

andthe Universal Postal Convention of Paris were

enteredand Japan nowenjoys the equal benefits with

other alliedstates.


Table Showing the PostalRoute and the Number

Year.

1887

1889

1890

1891

1

of the Post-omce.

PostalRoute .

ways.

7711 . mi.

565 178

727 179189

162

127

Post and PostTelegraphOffice.

Office.


Teleg ra ph For the first time the telegraph linewas

constructed between Tokyo and Yokohama in 1869,

andthereafter the line was greatly ex tended a nd at

present the construction to allimportant places are

completed. TheEmpire enteredinto the International

Telegraph Convention, andas to the foreign telegrams

the submarine cable was laid between Nagasaki and

Fusan harbour of Corea. In addition to as there are

two submarine cables connecting Nagasaki, Shanghai

andVladivostock, the Empirehas the accommodation

andadvantages of sending to andreceiving from other

to the contractedcountries themessages, at any time.

The telephone ex change was also established lately ,andthe great increase of the subscribers in Tokyo,Yokohama andOsaka shows that the systemwill no

doubt be adoptedthroughout the country

TheTable Showing theTelegraph Routes, the Numberof Telegraph omoos and Messages Despatched.

Ex ten Post and

Year. tion in Teleg .

ri. office.

1887 20

1888 30

1889 169

1890 208

1891 329

”infl am e As the coast abounds ln harbours, theCommu nlca t ion s. commumcatmns between them has become

pretty busy , and as the foreign trade become moreex tensive, the vessels that enter the treaty ports fromEurope andAmerica annually increase.


Genz an on the forwardvoyage, and on the return voyage, calls at

Genz an, Fusan, andNagasaki. W hen the Vladivostockharbour isfrozen over the voyage is suspended.

Kobe andManila Linc. The steamer leaves each port once‘

a

month, calling at Shimonoseki, Nagasaki, Foochow, Amoyi

on the

forwards voyage, and on the return voyage, calling at Formosa ,

Amoy, Nagasaki, andShimonoseki. On the return voyage it sometimes happen that the steamer do not callat Formosa. andAmoyon account oflading anddirectly comes to Japan viaHongkong or

sometir'

ms ex tends the route to Yokohama. W ithout regard to the

above, ex tra voyage ismade between Hakodate and Shanghai, Kobe

and Corean ports, Hongkong and Saigon there about, Hawaii, Jan

andAustralia 650 .

FOREIGN MAIL STEAMER ComPANIEs’ JAPAN ROUTE.

Occidentaland OrientalS. S. 0 0 . This company packet leavesSan Francisco to Yokohama , and thence to Hongkong andagain to

Yokohama, andthence back to San Francisco, and it leaves thricea month.

Canadian Pacific Railway Co; Leaving Vancouver enters Yoko

hama, andproceeds toHongkong andShanghai, viaKObe, andbacktoKobe, Yokohama, Vancouver, successively, itleaves once a month.

Compagnie des Messayeries Maritime, Paq uebots Paste F‘rancais .

Leaves Shanghai enters Yokohama viaKobe, andthence viaKobe

goes back to Shanghai remaining two weeks in the last harbour(ex changing passengers and cargoes with the steamers on the

return voyage to Marseille), anditleaves twice a month.

Peninsular andOrientalSteam Navigation 0 0 . This is the com

pany’

s Steam Ship branch line, leaves company. Hongkongtouching Nagasaki, and Kobe, enters Yokohama andgoes back to

Hongkong, viathe sameharbours in once amonth.

Norddeutscher Lloyd. This is the company’s branchline for itsroute, follows the same course as the English steamersh and it

leaves once a month.

The art of ship-building hasmade a considerable progress. W ith

Yokosuka Dockyard belonging with Navy at the head, dockyards

assen t. assessV4 TIONSu 3 51

sp‘

flp at every principalports, the.

construction ofmanoffwars and merchantmen are: actually carried on. . Besides, theaids to navigation such as lighthouses and buoys areestablishedallalong the coasts, the prevention of maritime casualitiep.

M“

COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY‘

IN JAPAN.

can ary .

“

The monetary system has been quite imperfect, accordingly good and badspecieswere intermix ed, andit was consequently foundthat this inter

mix ture proveddetrimental to the circulation in thetradewithforeign countries. Thereupon, the Government was determined to select the standard unit

,

andin 1868, Imperial Mint was establishedin Osaka,providedwith the necessarymachinery. The varioussystem of the foreign countries were referred to, and

the consequence of which was the enactment of the

Coinage Regulation in 1871, and the issuing ofnew

species of coins of round shape. The weight, alloy,

anddesignation were settled, the common differenceclearly defined, and in counting, the decimal methodwas adopted, that is ten pieces of one rinmake a sen,

ten One sen piecesmake ten sen, ten sen piecesmakea;yen, and so on up to any amount. The standard

unit is of gold one yen, with three kinds of subor

dimate coins silver, nickel, and copper. It : is not

perr'

nittedthat in one payment the silver coin should

ex ceed 10 yen, nickel and copper coin,lyen. One

yen silver coin issued at the same time to be used

specially in the treaty ports, was at first limitedto

the payment of the customs duty andother tax es by

foreigners, but afterwards, itwas allowedto be gener

ally used in the payment of the inland tax es, and

transactions between foreigners and Japanese, the

restriction of amount in time of payment is not oh

served in this case. The comparative value of the

GENERAL osssnvArIONs. 55

silver coin to be standard gold is 100 to 100, anditcirculates in equal value with foreign Silver coin, and

the government does notmake anydiscrimination.

The varieties of gold, silver, and copper coins are

shown below.

momma.

20 yenprice. 9096 ofGold 1094 of Copper

GoldCoin 5

90 94 of Silver 1094 of Cop.

8096 of Silver 2096 of Cbp

2596 of Nickel 7534 of Cop.

Besides, there are old subordinate money still cur

rent, made of copper, andiron, their value fiactuatingwith that of the new coin. There are three kinds of

paper money, viz . , Government paper money , banknotes, and convertible silver-notes. Government

papermoney, issued is the year 1868 hadundergone

many change in forms since that date, but in the year

1886 , the ex changing of the issued papermoney with

silver has been determined upon, and is now in the

course of redemption. Bankinotes are issuedin ac

cordancewith the Bank Regulation, to be redeemed

58 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRYmJAPAN.

within the period granted for theworking. In con

formity with the convertible Silver-Notes Regulation,

the silver-notes are issued by theNipponGinko, the

gold, andsilver coins, andbullions equal to the amountof the circulating notes,

~

being reservedfor the purposeof redemption. W ith Government, bounds, Treasury

notes, commercialbills, and other reliable notes as

security the notes are issued, and in future allotherpapermoney is likely to be superseded by these con

vertible silver-notes. The total amounts of the gold,

silver, andcopper pieces issued, that of the circulatingpape r money , with the amount of the national debtsat present, are shown below.

Gold piecesSilverNickelCopper

TotalGovernment Paper MoneyBank-notes

Convertible Silver-notesTotal

‘InternalDebtsForeign

Total

Note : The amount of Gold, Silver, NickelandCopper coin is the sum issuedfrom

the beginning of Coinage, 1870 to 3m. Mar. 1891. The amount of Papermoney and

InternalDebt is the sumpresentedat Slat, Mar. 1891.O

‘Among this, yen of Paper money andyou ofborrowedto

payback thePapermoneyare included,

Countries.

Venez uelaColumbia Repu

Coins of Diflerent

10 Gourdes

20 Venezolano

100 Drachma

Table of the Comp arative Value of the Foreign

50 Centime

“


Pietak (5Kopecks)

Sachib-kerau

TradePiaster

Sweden

DenmarkRix dollar (eased )Florin25


Peseta

Venez uela

Urguay

Arth’

dntineConfed.

lDesimo

These tableswere ex tracted from the yearly report

of theDirector of the Imperial Mint of the FinancialDepartment, andby comparing coins of this countrywith those of other countries, relying on the yearlyreport of the superintendent oftheMint of the United

States of N. A., 1885, the given weight andvalue

Peso (100Centavos)

Rupee

Lepte

20 Piaster503 Halfpence2 Milrees500 Reis

Venezolano2 Desimc5CentavoPeso2 DesimoPeso

50 CentisimoPeso

50 Centavo

Peso


should. not be considered to show the current market

prices .

n z trxdThe system of weights and measures

has also been quite imperfect and a new systemwas

made in 1875and1876 but owing to the imperfect

ness of the standards its rectification hadearly been

proposed. In tlie year 1885the Government enteredinto the Universal Metric Convention, and in 189]

again a new system was established, adopting both

Japanese and Foreign measures andweights, to be

put into operation from thelst of January 1893.

The unit ofmeasure being Shaku (a foot) andthatof weight being Kwan, the original material for

standardis thebar andweightmade ofthe composition

of platinum andiridium, ten thirtythird of the length

of space between the two standardmarks cut on the

surface of the bar at the temperature of 0 15°

Cen

tigrade, is to be a. shaku andthe fifteen-fourth of the

mass of theweight is to be one kwan. Theirdenominations andscale being as follows

Length.

of Shaku 10 Shaku

h en

36

6

2:Sum011° (60 ken)Ri 12960

6

Shaku (36 cho).of Shaku

oz COMMERCEANDmousse? !N PAN.

Measure of Capacity.

fiéthof Sho To 10 Sho

fathof Sho KOk“

64, 827 CubicBu

Measure of W eight.

ofKwan 173mmofKwanof Kwan KW an

160Mcmme

Besides, there is an old measure of length the

Kujirajaku commonly used from the early date, can

be employed only in measuring cloths . One’

Shakuof kujirashaku correspond to the shaku of the

original standard, and ten times of it equals 1 jo, 115to 1 Sun, Th to 1 Eu of the Kujirajaku respectively .

The following table showing the comparative scales

against theweights andmeasures ofthemetric systemis acknowledgedto be legal.

Measure of Length.

MillimeterCentimeterDecimeterMeter

DecameterHectmeterKilometer

Area of Land.

Centiare

Hectare

99. 17355

GENERAL cassavamoss. 63

237500 0000

The original standard is under the custody of the

minister of theAgriculturaland Commercial Department, and two duplicate original standardaremade,the one in the custody of the sameminister, the otherin the keeping of the minister of the Educational

Department. The minister of the Department of

Agriculture andCommerce orders the localmagistratetomake the local original standard in ex act copy ofthe duplicate original standard, to be usedas standardin the inspection of weights and measures. The

varieties, shapes, materials, limitation of the common

difference, of weight and measures, the periodof inspection andthe fee are to be regulated by the Imperial Ordinance, and those whomanufacture, repair,and sell them must receive the licence from the

minister of the Agricultural and Commercial Department depositing as a security certain sum ofmoney

,

and paying the license fee. Fifteen years are the

Measureof Capacity.

Litre.

com0. 18039

1 .80391

CentilitreDecilitre

DecalitreHectlitre


term of the validity of the license thus obtained, and

that those who obtainedlicense can sell as wellasrepair them.

do

ne—e

m

88m

us

e»?

8.

£58

.

voo

B

we

eo

ns—3

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS .

lndunivy Though there are

greatmany kinds ofIndustrial

pursuits, it will be well to

classify it into Original and

Introduced Industries. Ori

ginalIndustry is the industrythat ex isted from ‘

ancient

times. The principal indus

tries are ceramics, weavings,embroideries, lacquer works,paper industry , metallic ih

dustry, leather works, wood

and bamboo works, carvings,

camphor producing, vegetable

wax producing, salt making,sugar making, Sake brewing,soy brewing, oilproducing,tobacco making, indigo ballproducing, and raw silk pro

ducing. It seems these indus

trieswerefirst introducedfromChina and Corea , but the

elapse ofseveral hundredyearsobliterated the original trace,andthere seems tohavesprungup a new process. Their

scope of working is generally

small, andis workedwith rude

and simple instruments espe


cially in the fine arts industry and some others

pertaining ,chiefly to the individual hand-work , the

artisans apply their residences for the workshops,employ only a small number of apprentices. The

process of manufacturing appears to be very tedi

ous, but the tastes andmagnificence of arts peculiarto Japan are acknowledgedand admiredthrough the

world, andforms the inex haustible source ofwealth to

theEmpire. Introduced industry is the name given

to the new industries brought over from Europe and

America, the principal of them are cotton spinning,

glass works, brick making, preparation ofdrugs and

chemicals, cement works, wine brewing, ship-building ,

machinery, match , paper, andsoap industries. These

industries are generally carried on inlarge scale em

ploying great many work men,utiliz ing water and

steam powers, so that no comparison can be made

between the home industry . Specially since five or

six years this kind of industrial influence spread allover the country , that in every industrial districtscompanies and factories rose up one after another,bristling with thousands of chimneys.

Commerce . As the national policy has been that of

seclusion from other countries, although intercoursehad ex isted for hundreds of years with China and

Hollandthere was literally no communications with

other countries, andthe ex tent of the commerce wasconfinedwithin the Empire. But even in this, the in

convenience of the transportation andcommunication,


CHAPTER II.

FO REIGN TRADE.

l. FOREIGN TRADE BEFORE THEANSEI PERIOD .

W hat was the state of foreign trade of this country

Its ancient condition is tocobscure to be traced, but

as history substantiates, thefirst country ofintercourse

must be Corea. In ancient times, the construction of

vessels being frail and cargoes being scanty , there is

no doubt that regular commerce did not ex ist. Sup

posing there was a commerce, it was either carried

on by the government anddidnot allow the people to

trade, or it was the tribute of obeisance and not com

merce, or again under the pretence of paying tribute,the barter was clandestinely carriedon.

In the 9thyear ofEmperor Chiuai, (200 AD .) after

the subjugation of Corea by Empress Jingo , the

periodical tribute ship anchored in the harbour of

Muko (present site of Hiogo) and private ships of

Coreane also entered, so the commerce fairly began to

take root in the harbours of Kinai, that literature and

art,l'inen andsilk , goldandsilver, andtools were im

portedto the benefit of the people, and the prospect

was quite prosperous. In the reign of Emperor Ah

kan (about 530 AD .) it is said that the Corean silver

coins circulatedin the port of commerce, andthey are

saidto be usedin barter in the local district ; and in

”

2(

FOREIGN TRADE.

"it

the2ndyear of Jingo-Keiun (768 AD .) it is saidthatthe courtiers as well as the ministers wereo rderedto purchase the imported goods. By the above, itcan be referredthat the foreign t rade Of this countryhadactuallybegun in this period. In the2ud yearof Emperor Ninmyo (850 AD .) Chinese merchantvessel came to Daz aifu, for what purpose it came isnot ex actlyknown, yet the fact is plainly stated in

history . This is the first mentioning of the comingof Chinese vessel . In the 8thyear ofEmperor Seiwa

(866 AD .) Chinese vessel again came to Daz aifu and

tradedwith the people, since that time, communiestions becamemore intimate andChinese vessels flock

edto the port. Some time before this, it is stated, an

embassy was sent over to China to purchasemedicines .

About 890 AD . Chinese Court (T’

ang dynasty) beganto decline, andthemen of influence striving for power,disorder andc onflict-ensued. Upon this occasion, bythememorial of Sugawara Michiz ane to the Throne,the sending ofEmbassy to China was abolished, and

official communications with China entirely ceased,‘

butmerchant’

s free transactions still continued. In

the beginning of Tenki (about 900 AD .) this was alsoprohibited; andafterwards imperial decreewas passed

toDaz aifu to receive the imported goods after closeinspection.

W ith the downfall of Tang dynasty andthe rise of

Sungdynasty , themerchants cameandofferedpresents

accompaniedby the letter of credentials to open the


intercourse as before, yet the Government steadily

refused. At this time the Tartars invaded the nor

thern part of China andbegan to assume an alarmingattitude to the safety of Sung dynasty, our merchants

began the intercoursewith them, but owing to some

diSpute having arisen between them, the Government

prohibitedthe trade.

In thelst and2ndyear of Shoho our

merchants crossedover to Corea and traded. In the

2nd year of ShOryaku (1078) F ujiwara Chikamitsu

escapedto Corea, and Coreans gave him estates and

protectedhim. Upon Yoritomo’

s calling him back,Coreane loaded two ships with treasures sent him

back . On the 4th year (1080) Shimadsu, chief of

Satsuma sent ships to Corea and traded. In the 2md

year ofYeiho (1082) So, chief of Tsushima sent ships

to Crea andtraded. In the 1st year of Otoku (1084)themerchants of Chikuz en went over to Corea and

traded. Corean trade began to beflourishing.

In the reign of Emperor Toba (about 1110) the

Chinese merchants tendering the letter of,Chinese

Emperor, arduously applied to open the friendly intercourse, but the tone of the letter being haughtyand unceremonious, the government rejected it and

returned no answer. Afterwards Taira Kiyomorirestoredthe Chinese intercourse, repairedthe port of

HiOgo andwarmly entertainedthe Chinesemerchantsin his villa at Fukuhara.

At this time, the ports of Kiushiu swarmed with

‘


of the Northern and Southern Court was still raging ,

it was not compliedwith . About this time a Corean

general having abolishedtheking, took the throne and

changedthe name to Chosen. As the charge of the

Corean communicationwas intrustedtoOuchi, thechief

ofYamaguchi, the Corean Embassy came to Ouchi toopen the communication. Taking this opportunity

Ashikaga Yoshimitsu sent an embassy to China, and

China had also returned the ceremony . Upon the

arrival of the‘

Chinese embassy , Yoshimitsu went toHiOgo to receive it himself. Theembassy was lodgedin Kyoto andwas kindly treated. He urged the

merchants to tradewith the Chinese merchants. So

the trade of the two countries became again

prosperous.

Of the immrted articles, not only the drugs and

dyeing materials were important, but the brocade and

embroideries andother clothes were indispensable to

the nobles, the prices being enormous, the profits

were accordingly great. The articles of ex ports beingseal-skins, pepper, swords andspearheads, sapan-wood,

sulphur, fans, lacqueredwares, gold and copper. As

the ports of ex port and immrt being principally in

Kiushiu, thereweremany who made great riches in

the secret tradewith China andCorea.

The discovery of America by Columbus in 1492

began to change the face of theworld.

In the 10th year of Tenbun (1541) a Portuguese

merchant vessel having driftedto the islandof Tanega

FOREIGN TRADE.

375

shims , enteredthe Kagoshima harbour, at last arrived

at Bungo . Otomo Yoshishige lodged them at the

Jinguji. This is the first visit of Europeans that

came round the Cape of Good Hope and through

Indian Ocean. From this time, they came to trade

in the Kiushiu ports bringing with them many curio

sities which greatly suitedthe taste of our people.

In the 17th year (1548) a Portuguese Missionary

Xavier with two others came to Kagoshima. Shima

dsu gave consent to the propagation of Christianity .

Afterwards hewent to visit OuchiYoshitaka at Yama

guchi askedfor the same permission which Yoshitaka

readily granted. Over menwere baptiz edwith

in a year.

Otomo Yoshishige also called Xavier to Bungo

andwas greatly devoted to him. W ithin a few years

christian churcheswere erectedin Yamaguchi, Funai,Hakata, and Hirado , and the destruction of shrines

andtemples commenced.

From this time Jesuit sect having greatly increased,the tradewith Portuguesemerchants becoming thereby prosperous, Otomo , Shimadsu, Arima, Omura,

Matsuura and other families allselected their best

port to receive them. After thedownfall ofAshikaga ,

Oda succeeded, andafter it ToyotomiHideyoshihavinggrasped the reign of the Empire, began to chastiseShimadsu in the 15thyear Tenebo. W hen he came

to Hakata, some of the Jesuits staying at Nagasakicame to see him. Hideyoshi ex asperated at the


haughtiness of their manners, seiz ed upon and drove

them out of the country. From this time persecution

began, andthe Portuguese merchants of Kiushiu be

gan to fall off by degrees. After the ex peditions to

Corea, the intercoursewith Ming ceased. Tokugawa

Iyeyasu triedto restore it as it had been in the time

ofAshikaga, andsent a letter to Ming through th

handof a Ming merchant, but it was declined to b

forwarded.

Iyeyasu sent letter again after the subjugation of

Riukiu, but tono effect. Despite of heavy prohibition

to intercoursewith Japan, themerchants ofNanking,

Pouken, Canton, who hadderived great profit in the

trade in former years, continued to come. By the

invasion of Tartars to the northen part, the power of

Ming began to decline.

Since the Opening of Kiushiu to the Portuguese 60

yearshadpassedwhen Spanish influence predominated

over the Portuguese andDutch merchants, but owingto the internal troubles in Spain andwith the rise

of the Protestants, continual war ensued. Spain

weakenedandHolland rose.

In 1600, Dutch vessel , for the first time, came to

the harbour of Sakai in the province of Idsumi. The

vessel was ordered to be taken to Uraga and was

destroyedthere. Iyeyasu calledthe captain to Yedo

andinquired about foreign affairs, and learning , for

the first time, that there ex istedthree great continents

ofAsia, Europe, andAfrica (America was calledNew


main, the rest were rejected. The ports ofAkche in

Satsuma, Hakata in Chikuz en, Goto, Hirado , Omura

in Hiz en were shut, Nagasaki alone was Open.

Spaniards having Luz on for the station, and the

Portuguese having Java, andSumatra in trading with

Japan. Spanish ships were designatedas Nanban

sen.

” Those two countries came and strenuouslyappliedto restore the former relation, but they were

rejectedon account of their being Christians. In the

time of Munetsuna (about 1560) English vessel came

to open friendly intercourse, the Dutch , interceptingit, said that the queen of Englandwas the daughter

of the Portuguese king, upon this the English was

rejected. The Portuguese vessel transported the

wreckedpeople to Nagasaki, but it was orderednot to

sendback suchpeople again, andwas toldto keep off.

As there was no limit to the number of Chinese

vessels andcargoes andtherewas limit to the amount

of our product, moreover the ex port of goldwas

immense. In order to check the out-flow,the amount

of Chinese trade was limited in the second year of

Teikyo to six thousandKwamme in silver, and

that of the Dutch was fifty thousand rio in goldand

during the Genroku period (1688-1703) the number

of Chinese ships were limited to eighty, andthat of

the Dutch five. Notwithstanding this limitation the

foreign merchants brought over large cargoes and

tradedon the open sea.

The out-flow of gold still continued. Then it was

FOREIGN TRADE. 79

orderedto limit the Chinese vessels to thirty andthat

of the Dutch to two, the price on goods were fix ed

andthe amount of transaction to six thousandKwan

me to Chinese and three thousandKwamme to the

Dutch .,The copper was limited to three hundred

thousandcatties for the Chinese andone hundredand

fifty thousandcatties for the Dutch . The certificate

was issued to the privileged foreign merchants, the

the rest was rejected, and order was passedto chiefs

ofKiushiu to capture the smugglers.

At first when the port ofNagasaki was openedthe

tariff was not levied, but in the year of Genroku

(1688-1703) the customs tariff was fix edupon every

articles of import, ex cepting those for the use of the

government. The import of sugar, tobacco , haje

were immense. ShOgun Yoshimune triedto prevent

it by transplanting them on the suitable soil , so the

goodproduction issues from this place.

Since themethodof giving certificates was actuallycarriedon, the vessels from Cambodia ceasedto come,the Shogunate intrusting the certificates to theChinese

merchants sent message to them to bring their goods .

After some years Cambodians sent embassy to us

with tribute, and requested to renew the commerce.

The request was granted and certificate was given

but the tributewas not accepted.

About this time the copper became very scarce, notbeing sufficient to meet the demandof foreignmer

chants. Thereupon the Chinese vessels were reduced


to twenty, andcopper smelting place was established

at Osaka andcopper ores from allparts of the country

were ordered to be sent here, but the copper was no

less abundant:In the 1st year of Meiwa (1764) Chinese vessels

were limited to thirteen, copper one hundred and

thirty thousand catties, and that of theDutch to be

eight hundred thousand catties. Instruction was

issuedto prepareNamako, Haz e, Awabi and Kombu

for the purpose of ex port, and thosewho begin the

tradewere to be free from the tax . Afterwards the

Chinese vessels were lessened to ten andthat of the

Dutch to be one, copper six hundredthousandcatties .

Heretofore the captainshadtovisitYedo to payr aspect

once a year, it was changed to once in five years.

In the lst year of Bunkwa (1804) Resanoff, thespecial ambassador from Russia came to Nagasaki and

requestedto open commerce as the Russian territory

being quite close. The governor ofNagasaki lodged

him in the house of a wealthy merchant andwaited

the ShOgun’

s reply . Being refused, Resanofl'

went

off. Three years later two; Russian vessels devested

the islandofYetorofu at last invadedKarafuto , beingmet by the guards of Nambu andTsugaru, they fled.

Upon this itwas orderedto Sen'

daitogarrison thecoast

ofYez o , andbesidesTamura, the artillerist, was ordered

to buildforts on the coasts of Idsu, Sagami, andAwa .

In the same year an English vessel entered

Nagasaki by force, theguards couldnotpreventupon it.


same year, the treaty of peace and friendship was

concludedwith condition to supply provisions, coal ,andwater at two ports, Shimoda andHakodate, with

Russia,EnglandandFranceconcludedthe same treaty .

In 1886 , Harris, an American, arrivedin our country,

and after the prolonged consultation of two years ,during which hemade a several voyages to house and

to our country , at length in the year 1858, the

Shogunate concluded a temporary treaty with the

UnitedStates, Russia, England, France, andHolland

Opening the five ports, Nagasaki, Hakodate, Kane.

gawa, Hyogo , and Niigata. Afterwards, ShOgnate

despatched a mission of amity and friendship to five

countries to reciprocate thewritten authentic treaty,

and not long another one was sent with necese y

instructions to prolong the opening date ofHyogo ,Niigata, and other ports. In 1860 a treaty was

concludedwith Portugal andPrussia, andthree years

later with Switz erland, and in 1863, imperial decree

W as sent to the Shogunate ofclosing the ports againstthe foreign trade the conference was heldabout this

order, but did not come to successful issue. Subse

quently, another consultation to close up Yokohama,

Nagasaki and Hakodate being opened as before, was

heldwith allforeign envoys ; but having failedagain

in this, the Shogunate petitioned the throne to obtain

the Imperial sanction for theOpening of the three

ports to which Imperial consent reluctantly came.

In 1866 , a treaty was concluded with Belgium,

FOREIGN TRADE. 83

Italy andDenmark, and a written agreement for the

amendment of the Customs Tariff, was ex changed,

andin 1867 , the postponement of the opening term‘

of

Niigata port and Yedo (Tokyo) city was effected, and

Teppoz u in Yedo , Yebisu port, andNiigata port were

assignedfor the foreign settlement, and the Hyogo

port andOsaka city were opened, and a new treaty

was concludedwith Russia. It was also in this year

that the Shogunate, Satsuma, and Hiz en despatched

menwith various kinds Of articles to be ex posed at

the W orld’

s Fair opened in Paris. In 1868 Osaka

which was the open city was changed to open port,and a treaty was newly concluded with Sweden,

Norway, andSpain, and also the opening‘

of Tokyo

city andNiigata portwas declared to allthe foreignm inisters, thereby theex portation of silk worm eggs,

rawsilk, andtea, toEurope andAmerica considerably

increased.

Owing to the long rain of this year the crops Of

rice andcorn failedandthe importation of the foreignrice so greatly relieved the scarcity that the real

benefit of the foreign trade was for the first time

appreciated by the public. At the time there was

American vessels navigating betweenNagasaki, Kobe,andYokohama from Nagato-sea, affording great faci

lity to the Japanese. Moreenconragementwas givento the trade by the Government and along the coast

in the dangerous places light-houseswere constructed.

In 1869, a treaty was concluded with Austro

84 OMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

Hungary , and in 1871, with China andHawaii , and

it was in this year that Udaijin Iwakura Tomomi was

appointed ambassadors andwith a suite of the com

missioners from every Ex ecutive Departments to the

countries ofEurope andAmerica.

About this time, the attention of the Japanesewas

turnedto the foreign affairs, and thewestern science

andarts began to diffuse.

The number of Japanese passengers to foreign

countries increasedmore andmore, andas the inces

sant improvement and ex tention of allsystems, industries, manufacture, etc . , were efi

’

ected, such as the

purchase ofmen-of-war, coaches, rails, boilers, light

house lamps, machines, instruments, apparatus, and

books becamemorenumerous. Meanwhile,theneces

sary internal organiz ations being gradually efl'

ected

resident Minister and Consuls were sent to capitalsandports of every treaty countries in order to protect

and encourage those traders and navigators of the

Empire. In 1873, treaty with Peru was concluded

and in the same year China opened Tientsin and

Newchwang to foreign trade.

In this year W orld’

s Fair was Openedat Vienna, a

minister-resident accompanied by artisans and mer

chants was sent there to ex pose the native works of

theEmpire. It was a great credit to the sagacious

and skillful manufactures who, while retaining the

inherent tastes of theEmpire, adoptedtheforeign arts

with caution, while the foreign mania raged every


andthe saleOf the goods manufactured at home wasentrusted to the Company ’

s agency in New. York,About this time themost prevalent opinion was that,to check the import of the foreign articles, it was in

dispensable to improve anddevelope themanufacture

andindustry of cotton threads, matches, strawworks ,andpaper. The ex cess of ex ported goods to that of

the importedsince 1882proved that the trade is be

coming more and more prosperous, and in 1883, to

stimulate the trade with Corea, free admittance and

discharging in Iz ugahara, Shimonoseki, and Hakata

ports besides treaty ones, was previlegedto the vesselsin possession of the Japanese.

A treaty was enteredinto with Siam in 1887 , and

with Mex ico in the following year, and in 1889, to

facilitate the ex ports of rice, W heat flour to abroad,from Yokkaichi,

.

Shimonoseki, Hakata, Moji, Kuchi

notsu, Karatsu, Misumi, Fushiki, and Otaru which

being the special ex porting. To these speciallyex porting ports were addedKushiro , andto the ports

trading with Corea, Sasuna, andShishimi.

It is nowmore than thirty years since the treaty

with America, England, Russia, Holland, andFrance

was concludedandthewhole number of the countries

in treaty at different times was twenty , and the

mutual friendship with each of them is every year

becoming more intimate, while the trade is press

ing inwardin prosperous condition.


Tableof theTotalValue of the Commodities ImportedfromVarious Foreign Countr ies.

Countries.

Austria

BelgiumBritishAmerica.China andHongkong

Denmark

East Indian andSiam

France

Great Britain

ItalyPeru

Philippine Group

Sweden andNorwaySwitz erlandTurkeyU. s. N.A. (fifififidfifi)Other Countries

Total

Note : Those of the years preceding to 1873 are obscure. The value tor ship’suseis ex cluded

Continued

Countries.

Australia

BelgiumBritishAmerica

China andHongkong

Corea .

East Indian andSiam

PeruPhilippine GroupPortugal

Sweden andNorwaySwitz erlandTurkey

rs to 1886 in

"

U. S. N.A. (eluding Britishmarina.

Other Countries

Total

yen,

COMMERCEAND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

yen. yen.

49

1

403


Table of theTotal Value of the Commodities Ex portedto the Various Foreign Countries.

Countries.

AustriaBelgiumBritishAmericaChina (33353

8)CoreaDenmarkEast India and Siam

HollandItalyPeruPhilippine GroupPortugalRussiaSpainSweden andNorway

Turkey

O ther Countries

Total

Note : Thoseof theyears preceding to 1873are obscure.

BelgiumBritishAmerica ‘

HongkongChm ( includedCoreaDenmarkEast India andSiam

Holland

PeruPhilippineGroup

Russia

Sweden andNorwaySwitz erland


337,670

U. s. N.A. 3153152131133)

FOREIGN TRADE.

Continued

77

96


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COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.98

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FOREIGN TRADE. 99

ComparativeTable of theMerchantVessels Enteredfrom Foreign Countries.

100

ComparativeTable of theMerchantVessels Cleared


for Foreign Countries.

Steamer.

Year.

No. Ton .

276

252275312

257 431 ,887

276263

281 511 ,089485566544656720 7

810 91

839 1 ,01

963

1 ,06 1 1

1 ,093 l,381 ,5811891

SailingiVessels.

245210

194

252262

352332

298

240

261

289

492

473581634

682

l,0601 ,068

103FOREIGN TRADE.

25

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1 04 AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

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106 CO MMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

hashira, andother driedfishes , Konbu ,Arame, Fanori ,

Tsunomata, Nori , VVakame, Hij iki , Tokoroten, and

other sea-weeds endmoss, in marine products, gold ,

silver,Oopper, kerosene Oil, iron, coal, sulphur, stone,

limestone, and antimony , in mi neral production, and

camphor, sulphuric acid , sugar, allkinds of oil , white

wax , soap,°

Sumi a nd other paints, indigo ball and

other dyeing materials, ronge, face powder, and other

toilet materials, matches, porcelain andearthen wares ,bricks

, tile, cement, glass wares, bamboo andwood

wares, closonné, wares of gold , silver, copper, bronz eand other metals, lacquered wares, mattings of allkinds, straw works, hides, leathers, and leathern

wares, bones, horns, tortoise-shells, tusks , andcouchshell manufactures, writing and painting brushes of

allkinds, implements of carpenters, smiths andotherme

chanics , silk thread,cotton thread , hemp thread , plaited

ribbons , silk , cotton,hemp , andother fabrics, Sashiko ,

dyed cloths , knittings, towels , wooden clogs, papers ,

paper manufactures, arms , round fa ns, fans, umbrella ,

paper lanterns , toys, cut tobacco , Sake, spirits, soys ,

beer, W ine, andother liquors in industrialmanufactures .

As they are producedandmanufactured everywherein the Empire, have innumerable varieties andspeciesand their quantities are enormous , they form the

principal resource of the national wealth. Especially,

since the trading with foreign countries had been

opened the ex port steadily increased , so that there are

nowat least more than 300 varieties. Though the

COHMODITIES EXI’ORTED FROM tfi‘ IMPORTED TO . 107

q uantity Of the production, andthe total value appearcomparatively small, a summary of the extention of

the producing districts and the rise and fall Of theex ports, is given below together with the names ofchief exporters andmanufactures.

CLASS 1.

Bios , Banner , WHEAT, FLOUR AND Punss .

R ice The rice is one of the most important of the

a gricultural productions of the Empire, and is cultivated and produced in every parts of the whole

country as it is the staple food Of the people. Niigata,

Chiba, Toyama, Aichi , Ibaraki , Nagano , Miye, Shiga ,

Ishikawa, Fukushima,Yamagata, Akita, Osaka, Hyo

go, Okayama,Yamaguchi , Fukuoka , Kumamoto , Hiro

shima, Miyagi , andShizuoka , are the chief prefectures

n oted for the plentiful production, and Hizen,

H igo , Buz en, Bungo, Chikuz en, Suwo, Nagato , Bizen,

and Harima are noted provinces celebrated for the

best rice suitable to the ex port. There is a dis

t inction made in the ex port rice, that is, uncleaned

rice, andrice refined by pounding in a machine, and

the market price is usually set on each hundred catties

in the time Of transaction. The total value of its

export amount to six or seven million yen, and it is

c hiefly exported from Kobe to England , the foremost

of all, next comes the United States, Germany, Hongkong , France, Australia, andother countries.

The following table shows the total quantity and


value Of rice exported to various foreign countries.

1887 1888

Corea

German

Holland

yen

Ital picul 87,360

.

yyen

Philippine picul 958Group yen

picul'

Ru m “

piculUmtedStates

yenOther piculCountries yen

Total piculyen

W hea t Total value of latest export yen

chiefly to Hongkong andGreat Britain.

Flo-m Total value of latest export yento Russia.

1 1

1

51,719 177,198

267,369


Continued

Business Place.

Miyanchicha. KGbe

Matsuyachti,

Miyamaechfi,

Imadez aikechfi,

Umkamiyamasatomura,

Honkagochfi, Nagasaki

2 ch3mc, Tosabori, Nishiku, Osaka1 Hamadari, DGj ima, Kitaku.

Osaka.

No. 5, KabutochG, Nihonbashiku, Takyfi.

Fushigi Port , Imidsugfirl, Etchiu

Saidainmura KamimichigGri,

Taihakurnura, OkugGri,

Nadekawamura, Tsuugfiri,

Kuboyagfiri.

Kwannonz akichb. Akamagaseki

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4‘ IMPORTED TO . 111

CLAss 2.

(518.a TEA, BLACK TEA, LUMP TEA, Baicx TEA, BANCHA,Dos-r TEA.

“a? Green tea is the production peculiar to the

Empire and one Of the most important commodities

ex ported to the foreign countries. The total value ofits ex ports amounts nearly to six or seven million yen

every year having for its greatest customers the

United States and the Dominion Of Canada, exported

principally from Yokohama and Kobe ports. The

following table shows the rise andfall of its export for

the last five years.

(Pan Fire. )

Countries.

481

Austriayen

1

2930!

British cattyAmerica yen

cattyChm

Great 12

Hongkong yen

United cattyStates

”

yen

Other catty 949

Cts. !yen 1 ,242 272 768 979

Total!cattyyen

1 12 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

(Basket Fire.)

Countries. 1887

Austriayen 4092

British cattyAmerica yen

Chinacatty 84

yen 1

cattycore“

Great cattyBritainHongkmg

yen 317United cattyStates yen

Other cattyCountries yen 1,728 888 760 853

Total catty ,0( 14 ,438

yen

In almost every part of theEmpire the green tea isproduced , Miye, Shizuoka, Kyoto , Gifu, Nara, Fukushima ,

Kagoshima, Shiga, Ibaraki , Hyogo ,

'

Kuma

moto being reckoned as the most productive district .

A distinction ex ists between the green tea fired in

pan and in basket , and it is also divided into nine

classes, ex tra choicest, choicest, choi'

ce finest, fine,good medium,

medium, good common,common, ao

cording to its quality . Distinguishing its quality bv

the producing districts , in colour andflavour Yama

shiro occupies the first place, but by no means

superior in appearance to Shizuoka, andin regard to

others no remarkable difference ex ists.

The table of the Green tea brought to Yokohama,

Kobe, andNagasaki ports from the different producing districts, is shown in the following page.


D u st Tea . The total value Of the duet tea exported

every yearvaries from onehundred andthirty thousand

to one hundred and seventy thousand yen, and it is

chiefly ex ported to theUnited States, British America ,

China andHongkong . It is not purposely pulverizedbut is the name given to the dust sifted Off from the

green tea, andis ex ported from the same ports. The

following table is a statement Of the total quantity and

value of the dust tea ex ported to various foreign

countries.

Countries.

cattyyen

cattyyen

cattyyen 676

cattyyen

cattyCountries yen 262 138 547

Total !cattyyen

L ump Tea Total value Of latest export yen

exported to UnitedStates, andBritish America .

Bun cha Total value Of latest ex port yen ex

ported to China, United States, Hongkong, andBritish

America.

Din k Tom Total value of latest export yen

exported to United States, England, British America,

andRussia.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4’ IMPORTED TO. 115

Ex porters andManufacturers of the aboveMentionedArticlea

Commercial1Name.

TomoyeyaChayaOkanoya

AkashiyaBranch

ya

Shop ofMitsui BussanKaisha

ya

Morimoto ShbtenTOyensha

Surugaya

Matsuya

(HyOgo Ken)

Mukadeya

Sumitomo Shiten, Kébe

Kébe Seicha Kwaisha

or Owner.

Okano RiheiYoshinaga Jinz b

TanakaMohei (Manager)Otani KabeiKatsumi

Suzuki IwaJIrO (Head)

Hori YaoTaguchi Shbhei (Manager)Misono YaichirOMorimotoOki Tetsuz O (Manager)Masumoto YasugorOWatanabe ShO‘

ir5Inamori HikosYamanouchi KihachiMatsamoto Chiuz OKurokawa Masujirb

YamamotoKametat éMoriiye

Tanaka Shéz aburfiKamibayashi Naoshich1Nishiguchi SeisukeKawaguchi SeijiNagata Heishirt

‘

i

Ch11] 0 Sehei

Nakanishi Tsuneshichi

Fupta KiusukeSonobe Sumiz é.

Hishiya Kijirc’

)

Hasegawa SadashiehiW ashio IsoshichiKitaoka Ch5shichiTanabe


Dealing ManufacturingArticles. Articles.

No.32, 2shame Yokohama .

No. 25, 2chOme, Honcha,No. 29,

No. 13,

89. 4 shame, Honcb5,23, 2chOme, Motohamacba,14,

30, 20116 1110, Kitanakadari.

No. 31, 2chOme, KltanakadOri,NO . 29, 99

No. 68, 4 chcme, Tokiwachfi.

No. 32,

No. 32,

No. 12, 3chOme, Kalgandari.No. 19, 3chfime, 110m t

4 chame, 81111310115, Kisbe. Green tea5ct e, Motoohis.

4 01131119 ,6 h Sakai 116 ,c m e 0

Tea and Bu ckGreenteaBnck

Tea tea, Black tel»Green tea.


Business Place.

Green tea and3chthne, SueyoshibaslnMinamiku, Osaka .

others5chi'ime, Kitahoriyeshimodfiri Nishiku,

Tea , LumpSteaHonkas'ovhfi

’

, Nagasaki andBancha .

Tsukimachi,

No. 6 . Nihonbashiku.

FulbimiitabashLKiigbri . Green tea

Miz umdsche, Toyodagari.

Tokig'

aya, Hanashimura, Shidagi'

iri.

K1ganji, _Fuj iyedach6 ,

Honchfi,

Daikakuj i, Nishlyaitsumura. Mashiz ugfiri.Ichibe, Fuj iedachGq idagGri.

Shimadochii,

Mikataham,LMikataharamura, Shikichigfiri

Mikunichfi, Sakaigari.

Az ana Riusukechfi, Komateucha, Nomigfiri

Kitakawachimura, Km itsutnagfirl,Chikugo. Tea (pan fired)

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4 IMPORTED TO. 119

CLASS 3.

SHIITAKE, GINNANG, m s SEED or GOMA , CHESTNUT,GINGER, AND POTATOES .

The total value Of the export Of Shutake

amounts nearly to five hundred thousand yen, andis

mostly ex ported to Hongkong , China andthe UnitedStates come nex t

'

to it. The following table showsthe rise andfallof its shipping for the last five years .

Countries. 1888 1889 1890

catty

yen

catty 569166

H‘mgk‘mg 1cattyUnwed Statesyen

Other catty 837 3313

yen 219 278 988 681 1 0 64

It is produced nearly in every parts of the Empire,but for export Idsu, Suruga,

Kii , Higo , Hiuga,Satsuma andOki take the lead .

There are two kinds OfKib0shi andYakiko, OfwhichKiboshi has a better quality , and in transaction the

market price is usually set on each one hundred catties.

It is principally ex ported through three ports, Kobe,Yokohama,

Nagasaki , tomeet thewants Of theChinese.

P ota toes . Total value of the latest ex port yen

principally ex ported to Hongkong .

Ginger . Total value Of the latest ex port yen

principally‘ ex ported to China, Corea, Great B ritain,

andHongkong .


noum

dMOn-Nmfim

8

88238

5

8mn.

v

a

s

sa

y.

shodmamo

h

3

325

9

a

bd

m

ams

afd

m

sh

ady”

Pmaowwh

m

no

M£

3

31.

3

a

68

d38

8880

0


Sea -W eed. There are two varieties of sea-weed, leaf

sea-weed, andcut sea-weed, and the total value of theex ports amount nearly to six hundred thousand yen,

andis ex ported chiefly to China andHongkong . The

summary of the producing districts andamount of

exports is given below. Leaf sea-weed, called longcut sea-weed is 4 shaku 2 sun in length with a varied

breadth but commonly 3 sun, andis ex ported chiefly

to Shanghai, but no great ex port to Hongkong and

Canton. It is also ex ported either directly from

Hakodate or from the ports of Yokohama andKobeto where it is first conveyed .

Its chief producing places are in Hokkaido, v1z

Horoidsumi, Samani , Urakawa, Mitsuishi , Shizunai ,Niikappu of Hidaka Province,

Hiroo and Tokachi of

Tokachi Province, Shiranuka,Kushiro , Akkeshi,

Hamanaka of Kushiro Province, and Hanareshima ,

Nemuro , andKunajiri of Nemuro Province.

The following table shows the total value of its

ex port for the last five years.

Countries.

Ch’

n27

1 a

Corea

Hong 907,469

kongOther cattyCounts. yen 33 656

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4’ IMPORTED TO . 123

From each of the abovementionedproduc

ing districts the raw materials are purchased and

brought over to Tk G, Csaka, and Hakodate and

manufactured. It is ex ported mostly to Shanghai ,andHongkong comes nex t to it. The trade for the

last five years is shown below.

Countries.

,764 ,126

92

1 5

In the transaction of this class the market price is

set on every one hundred catties .

K a

gfisx lff’m’

The total value of the latest export of

Kanten amounts nearly to four hundred fifty thousand

yen, and it is manufactured from the sea-W eed called

Tengusa found in allalong the coasts of the Empire.

Tengusa is found most abundantly in the coasts of

Idsu, Shima, Awa., Noto , Kii , Nagato , Bungo , and

Hokkaido, where the raw material is purchased and

brought over to the cities and prefectures, Osaka,

Kyoto , Hyégo, and Nagano , where it is manufac

tured. There are two kinds offine andsquareKanten,

the fine Kanten forming the greater part of the ex

port. The market price being usually set 0 11 each

one hundredcatties. It is chiefly exportedto China,


and Hongkong andFrance come next to it as shown

in the following table.

Countries.

825 342 587

cattyyen

The total ex port value of dried Awabi amounts

generally to almost four hundred thousand yen, and

it is found almost everywhere along the coasts of the

country, but the coasts ofHokkaidc, Rikuz en, Biku

chiu, Mutsu,Shima, Iyo , and Bungo abounds in the

best of them, they are best suited for the ex port.

There are two kinds of Meiho and and they

are exclusively for the use of the Chinese, the export

from Yokohama to Hongkong andthe United Statesare actually consumed by the residing Chinese. As

to the total quantity of its export to various countriessee the following table.


exceeds two hundred eighty thousandyen, aboundin'

gin the waters of Hokkaido, Aomori , Cita, Nagasaki,Hiroshima, Yamaguchi , Kagawa,

Ishikawa ,andMiye

Prefectures, and principally exported to China and

Hongkong , the chief port of which is Yokohama ;Kobe, Nagasaki , and Hakodate come next to it. In

transaction it is graded from first to tenth according

to its different qualities, andits market price is set on

each one hundred catties. For the trade see the

following table

Countries. 1887 1888

cattyyen

cattyyen

catty 388 426 125

yen 38

Gom me Total value of the latest export is

andexported to China andHongkong .

m m m " Total value of the latest ex port isF ishes.

andex ported to China andHongkong .

Total value of the latest export is

andexportedto China andHongkong .

Sha rk" PM » Total value of the latest export is

andexported to China andHongkong .

83 1mm 8‘ Cod Totalvalue of the latest export isandexported to China andHongkong .

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4’ IMPORTED TO. 127

M u n ch Total value of the latest ex port is and

ex ported to China andHongkong .

K uln ohu h im Total value of the latest ex port isandex ported to China andHongkong .

m h

gfj f‘eu Total value of the latest ex port is

andex portedto China andHongkong .


Ex porters andManufacturers of theAboveMentionedArticles.

Company’s Name.

(Kanagawa Ken)

Surugaya

Fukudaya

Morimoto ShotenMitsui Bussan Kwaisha

(Osaka Eu)

Iz umiya

(Nagasaki Ken)Fuefuki Boshinjo

Matsuoya

(Hokkaido)Nippon Sea-weedCo.

Name of PrincipalPersonor Owner.

Watanabe FukusaburoJiusuke.

Hirano Jiutaro.

Hiramatsu Umenojo

Shimomura HiroseKobayashi

Otani Kahei!Otani Kinz o (MObata KumajiroAndoHanshichiTsuj i KosukeMorimotoBunkichi .

Tanaka Mohei (Manager)Okano RiheiKatsumi Genshichi

Nakamura ShotaroMatsushita Hikobei

Tanaka Shiroz aemonFukui KeijiroHoriuchi Jinz oSaitoHikojiuroMatsu z oe UheiKimura Shoz aburoMaekawa AsajiroInouye Shoz o


Continued

Company’

s Name.

Name of PrmcipalPersonor Owner.

(Hakodate)Shimizu Masakichi

(Tokyo Eu)Katayama Shokwai

Yoroz uya

Iz umiyaTakatayaDaikokuyaHishiyama Shoten

(Shizuoka Ken)Sameya

YamauchiSugiyama Dempei

(Nagan ) Ken)Mukadeya Yamashita Katsuya

(IwateKen)

Oshiuya Suzuki Chohei

(Yamaguchi Ken)Kidokaria Shrimp Co.

(YehimeKen)Fupmoto Tokup

(Tottori Ken)Hamada ChOjiro

Uwokwaisha Yamada Shigezo (Director)Yebisuya Nakagaki Zenhachiro

(Oita Ken)

Toyoda Seiz aburo

Izumiya Nishikawa Kiuj i

Mori ZenshichiToshima SankichiUchida Mankichi

Ishikawa KokichiKitamura GonjiroIshihara Ichiz o.

Furukawa ShichimatsuMurata Toranosuke


Continued

ManufacturingBusiness Place. Dealmg Art1cles.

Articles.

Nishikawacho, Hakodat 1 , Oshimano Cut mannedkunL

Cut sUa-weedNo. 2, Kwaknbucho,

No . 29, 2chome, Mannencho,

NO . 1 , Mowm ha’

No , 8, W aguracho,

No, 2, Botancho,

No . 19, Reigancho,

No . 47, Higashidaikuchb’

,

Shark’s Fms,Numadsucho, Suntagori. Clittleflfll

Colle vegetale

x nwagasakichs, Higaslflbeigot‘i. R

gnleclflzifid

Atsusagori, Nagatonokuni.

niyakubomura, Ochigorl.

Miromura, Iwaigoi‘i.

Tashirimura.

Az umamura, Iwaigori.

Shrimp,Nfi flC‘fl , Usagori, BuzmHOkuni.

ashi 5E9


CLASS 5.

HAIRS , FEATHER, HIDE, EUR , LEATHER, TENDON, BONES, WHALEfiNS, WHALE-RONES, SHOES , LEATHER WARES, AW ARI SHELL,

YAx oGAI SHELL, OTHER SHELLS, DEER HORNS, IVORYW ORKS AND TORTOISE SHELL W ORKS.

F u rs . The export of furs amounting to little over

yen chiefly find the way to England, and

China, Hongkong , andGermany comes nex t to it.

The producing districts are Kiushiu,Shikoku,

Harima, Rikuzen, Rikuchiu,Mutsu, and Hokkaido.

The kinds are fox ,badger andmarten.

Hokkaido produce is the best, andthat of Harima

comes next, andthose of other districts follow.

The ports of export are Yokohama andKobe.

The trade for the last five years is shown in the

following table.

Countries. 1888 1889 1890

Total


Yan g-1Shell to Hongkong andFrance.

O ther Shells

Ivory W orks chiefly exportedto England.

Articles.

Nishihamamacbi, Nishinarigori. Badgers &0 .

Kids“mum, and shoes

Cowhidesforshoes andothers

Nishiyama go. Nagasaki.Awabi shell

No. 397. Iriya chi}, Shitaya.

No. 3, Tori 301151119, Nihonbashiku.

No. 13, 2chome, YokoyamachoNo. 9, 4 chfime, Ginz a, Kyobashiku.

Balmro cho4 chome, Nihonbashiku.

Tsukiji 20116 1119 , Kyobashiku.

Mimmi Asakusaku.

Sukiyacbo, Nihonbashiku.


CLASS 6:

BAMBOO MATERIALS , TIMBERS AND PLANES , BAMBOO W ABES, W OODEN WARES, RO SETTA W OOD WARES , PALME'I

'

TS SHIN.

Bamboo . The ex port of this article has gradually

increased of late. Theamount of the ex port has been

about one hundred and six ty thousand yen. The

United States holds the first place, and England ,Germany , France, Hongkong , Italy , and Corea are

secondary to it in respect of the ex port. The trade

for the last five years is shown in the following table.

Countries. 1887 1888 1889 1890

yen 6

Belgium yen 93

China yen

Corea yen 522 392 550France yen 17.80]

Germany yen

Great Britain yen

Hongkong yen

Ital yen 333 360

Uni States yen

Other yen 167 246 621 598 725

Total yen

Therearetwo kinds ofbamboo,— theblack andwhite,

fishing rods, handles of umbrella, handles, sticks aremade from them, mostly ex ported from Kobe. The

principal places of production are Ehime, Kagawa ,

Hiroshima, Hyogo , andShiga prefectures.

Those that are ex ported from Yokohama aremostlythe produce of Miyagi , Fukushima, andSaitama pre

fectures. Black bamboo suits the taste of theEnglish, andwhite that ofAruerica.


Thnbers

a, mm “ .

The value of the export 811106 a few years

has been about one hundred and eight thousand yen.

The export is principally for China, Hongkong and

Corea being secondary. The trade for the last five

years are as follows

Countries. 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891

BritishIndia yen 275China. yen

Corea yen

HongkongUnitedStates 425 4 1 ,866

Other 499 571 605 339

The timbers mostly used in China are the planks

of pine, cedar andcamphor-tree, and cedar andhinoki

logs. The planks are mostly exported, andthe logs

andtimbers for beams andrafters are next to it. The

provinces of Kii , Hiuga, Satsuma, Awa, Tosa and

Mino are noted places of production. The Ports of

export are Kobe andNagasaki .

The amount of ex port is about two hun

dred thousand yen. The first country for the ex port

is the United States of America ; England , Hongkong , Australia,

Germany, British India,France, and

Dominion of Canada are secondary to it. Observe

the following table,


UnitedStatesOther

Total

Among the principal ex ports are the ornamental

shelf, small table, flower vase stand, hanging shelf,picture frame, tray , wooden plate, and ornamentalcarvings. The principal places of manufacture are

Osaka, Tokyo, Nagoya, and Hakone in Kanagawaprefecture.

In the picture frames there iswhat is called Shibayama Bori that is to say, flowers, birds or humanfigures are inlaid with metals, ivory or shells, or putin gold lacquer, mostlv manufactured in Tokyo and

Osaka. Joineries are ex portedabundantly of late, the

hinoki planks aremostly used in thework . All kindsof designs are cut artistically through. Chieflymanu

factured in Kobe and Osaka and exported from the

same ports.

COM'

MODITIES EXPORTED FROM 5; IMPORTED TO. 139

Ex porters and Manufacturers of AboveMentioned Articles.

CommercialName.

or Owner.

Kamokame Shoten Sugiyama KamekichiNumashima Jirobei.

Moriyasu Moriyasu Takisaburo

(Hyfigo Ken)

Arasei

Hirata Shoten

(Osaka Eu )Yoshidsumi Jihei

(Nagasaki Ken)Hamada Rimpei

Yukioka Goubei(Yehime Ken)

Fukushima Sukesaku

Mayeda Toku z ayemonKanda NaogoroTateya HeishiroMiyashita JinosukeArai SeiyemonNakaguchi Katq Iro

Sone Shwe

Ohashi ShOtaro


Continued

Business Place.

1 chame. 110 110116 , Yokohama WoodenWares,

1 chorus , Kitanakadmi,4 0116 1116 , Honchfi,

4 chome, Bentend'

ori,

Sandokorocho, Hyogo,Dez aikecho,

Kitamiyauchichfi.Higashiyanagawaracho,Kitmniyauchicho,

50116 1119, Sakaichfi,

5chome, Sakaicho.

Higashi kawasakicho, PlanksHamauj inocho,

Kas xyacho, Minamiku Osaka,

Timbers 65

No. 7, 2chorus, Ginsu, KyObashikuNo. 17, Samyacho, Asakusaku

Shinyemoncho, Nihonbashiku

Gunchu, Iyogori


StrawPM “.

The export of the straw plaits has began toshow some decline for the last five or six years, yet itamounts to yen. The United States is the

largest customer, England and France come nex t .

The trade for the last five years is shown below.

bundleyen

bundle 38

yen 14 997bundleyen

bundle

United bundleyen

Other bundle 390

Countries yen 121 923

bundleyen

They aremostly produced atAichi , Saitama, TOkyO,

Okayama, Osaka andother prefectures. In the export

from KObe, the Osaka manufactures hold the seven

parts out of ten, andthe rest is that of Okayama ; Aichi ,Saitama andTOkyomanufactures beingmostly exportedfrom Yokohama. They areexclusively exported for

America. Though the varieties are innumerable,the

KakuuchiHishiuchiandHirauchi aremostly ex ported .

In transaction the length of a plait is 60 yards. The

Strawplait works such aswaste paper basket, portable

basket, tea case andtoys aremore or less exported to

America, England, France, andHongkong . The latest

ex port amounts to yen.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 6” IMPORTED TO . 143


CommercialName.

(Kanagawa Ken)Iseya

IwasakiyaKawada Shéten

(Hyfig o Ken)Ohashi Sh6tenSaba

Sugai

(Osaka Fu)F irst Harada StrawFactory

(T6ky6 Fu)Kawada Mugiwara ShétenOmiya

(Okayama Ken)Damask Mats Company

Seiensha

Hayashima Bussah166111516.

SatO ShOten

Hashimoto Shéten

Fukada ShetenSat?)

or Ow'

ner.

Morishita ChiubeiYamagalchi Heizaburo“fatanabe Murajirc

‘

)

SatoEnkichiSugai Kamesuke

Harada Inosuke

KawadaTanigorO

Ban Denbei

Imanishi NaoheiSuzuki Seiz aburO (Head)

Hiramatsu IshitaroOta Yaheij i

Hashimoto Teita‘

ré

Nagahara KohachFukada GisaburéSatO ShindO


Business Place.

No. 62, 4 chame, Aioichs. Yokohama .

No. 62, 3chame.No. 20, 2chame,

Sannomiyacha, Kabe

1 chame, Motocha.

Sannomiyachfi.

4 chame, Motocha,

No. 120, Motozfishiki, Rokugomura,

Ebaragc'

iri.No. 4, 1 chame, T6ri, Nihonbashiku

Fshimamura, Tsuugéri. Bitchiuprovince.

a.

Ichimlyamura , Tsudakagfiri.

Hayashimamura , Tsuugari.

Niwasemura, KayBgGri.

Sewiimura, Tsuugarl.

FlowerMats

StrawWorksFlowerMats

Damask Mats

Articles .

Straw-plaitsStrawplaits,

Box es Baskets

Damask Mats

FlowerMats

Damask Mats


Continued

Business Place.

Senamura, Tsuugfiri.

Matsuyamamum, KamifusagbriKijimamura, Asaguchigari

Onomichi, Mitsukigari ed Y° matsmade of Bush

Misakmocha, Akamagaseki FlowerMats

FlowerMats

Kunisakimura, Higashikokutogfiri. FlowerMatsBungo .

Yamaz akichts, Kumamoto

2chemo, Shimodbri.Kumamoto ggr

gzugli

mts .

(Shichihonqumi)Hishigumi.

CLASS 8.

ROUND FANS , FANs, AND LANTEaNs.

The totalvalue of ex port of fans and

roun dfans amounts to about The United


States occupies the first place in the export of fans,

France andHongkong Comes next, andEngland is the

first in the round fans, the United States andGermany

come next to it. The tables showing the amount of

the ex port for the last five years.

(Fans )

5

1 ,312

321 ,311

18

21 ,365


(Round Fans.)

Austria

1

Corea

117,

1


Ex porters and Manufacturers of theAboveM entionedArticles.

Name of PrincipalPersonCommercialName.

or Owner.

(Kanagawa Ken)

(HyOgoKen)Mayeda ShOten

(Osaka Fu)Tsutsuiya

Shinanoya

Harimaya

(TOkyO Fu)Uyeki Rinnosuke

Iz umiya

Nakamura NaojirO(KyOto Fu)

Baba Kametarc‘)

Ishikaku Kisaburé

Hirano Kingorc”

)

Nakapma Isuke

Nishida SOshirO

Kwansei Trading Co.

(Aichi Ken)

(Gifu Ken)

Teshigawara ShOten .

(Kagawa Ken)

Miyada ChiushichiOkada Tsunejirb

Mayeda Tomesabure

Mitsuhashi YoshibeiMorioka Takejir5Shinano Seisuke

Niwa Tokusaburc')Fuj ii KichirokuHayashi Tokubei

Hayashi Gisuke

Hamaoke KétetsuTsukamoto GisukeSakata Bunsuke

InoueMoheiNakamura Genz é

Ichihashi Tsunez'

b

Teshigawara NaojirO


Continued

ManufacturingBusmess Place. Dealing Articles.

Articles.

No. 8, 1 chame, Bentondbrl,Yokohama4 chame, Owens,

2chbme, Sakaicha, Kbbe Fans.

3chasm ,Minamiku Jinnkeicha, Osaka RoundFans.

2chame, Nagaboribasbisuj i,3chemo, North KiuhajichbHigashiku

Osaka3chbme, Minamiku Jiunkeichfi,Yobancha, Row ,

4 chbme, Higashiku Minamihonchb’

, Fans and RoundOsaka Fans.

2chome.Andojichfi. RoundFans.

3chame, Minamikiuhbjicha, Fans.

No. 2, 2 chOIne, Horiecha, Nihonbesniku, T5ky6

RoundFans.

No. 18 2cbbme Yokoyamacha,f

NihonbashikuLantem '

1 0116 1118 , Tari’NihonbashikuFm and Round

Matsubara Yanaginobaba, Kamikyaku, Kyoto

RoundFans.

Nagaharachb, Bukktijiaga’

ru, Yanagi

babe, Kamikyaku, Kybto

GOi itallflm HonShIDd hB. Kam1'1‘

newTomikcj i,new 3119

Matsubara Kitaniiru, Ebisuyacha,

KamikyfikuTomikfij i, KyatoBhichijaminaminiiru. Shlakojicha,

Kamikybku n asbitéin, Kybto

o Fain-8 , Pa' rLanSanjb“71“? t Emmet“ Kym” tern Rou

rne

dFansKamikyakuNiJG-tfiriteramachi, Kybto Fans,

Shimokyaku Sakaicha, Kyato

Oshikiricha, NagoyaPaper Lantern

Lantern 81 Fans.

Marugamechb, Nakagarl RoundFans.

RoundPaperFans.

Fans,Paper and Silk ;

Round“dSQuare.

Hirabone andHosoboneFans.


The total value of the export is always about

chiefly exported to England, andnex t to the

United States, Germany , France, Hongkong , British

India, Belgium,Australia, andother countries. The

trade for the last five years is shown below.

Countries.

Austria

France

Hongkong


The siz e andshape vary to three, four, andsix fold

ings, in length to 3shaku5sun, 4 shaku 5sun, 5shaku,

5shaku 5 sun, and 6 shaku with suitable breadth.

Most exquisite and complicated works on the screen

are done in Tokyc‘

i and‘

Yokohama, but their export

being decidedly small .

Continued

4 chfime.Otamachi, Yokohama

Sannomiyachb, Kabe Screen

2cbbme, Shimoyamatedbri, Kabe

6 chame, Motochi‘

i, Kabe

Kabe Port

No. 38 2 chbme Iidamachi Kanmachiku

’

Tk ?) Screen

Kam umarudori, Shichijoagam, su mmsicha, Kamikyaku, Kyato n

Karasumamdfirl, Takatsujisagaru,Yakushimaecha, Kamikyaku, Ky?)

Shichijbdbri, KarasumaruNishieiru

Paper Screen.

Screen,

Paper, Muslin, Shirting, Victoria lawn,

Screens.

Embroidered,

Velvet, Screen.

Screen


CLAss 10.

UMBRELLA AND JAPANESE UMBRELLA.

Umbrella . The export of umbrella has greatlyincreas

edin late years. In 1891 it amounted to one hundred

andsixty thousand yen. The countries of airport are

China in the foremost place, Hongkong , British India,

Corea andRussia follow it. They are manufactured

in Osaka andTokyo, Osaka having theninetenthof it.

The varieties are the silk, muslin, andcottonmuslin

umbrellas, among which the cottonmuslin umbrellasare abundantly manufactured.

Kobe is the chief port of export, Osaka andYoko

hama are nex t to it. The trade for the last five yearsis shown in the following table.

India.

Other Countries

The totalvalue of the exported Japaneseumbrellasamounts tobetween to yen. Theyareexportedtoeighteendifferent countries. Hongkong

727


is thefirst,British India second,England,Corea,France ,

the United States of America, Germany and so on .

The places of manufacture are the two prefectures of

Hiroshima andGifu, and Kyoto andOsaka En. The

first class articles are made in Kyoto andOsaka, but

in number they are farbehind of the abovementioned

prefectures. In the first class articles the pictures arepainted in different colours with brushes, but that of

the inferior articles the pictures are stencil'

ed . Though

the shape and size vary great deal , those that havethe pictures of flower and birds aremostly approved.

The umbrella is sometimes usedto adorn the front ofthe stoves. Yokohama is the chief port of ex port

,

and Kobe and Osaka are next to it. The trade for

the last five years is shown in the following table


British

Germany

Britain

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4' IMPORTED TO. 159

CLASS 11.

THE GAMPI PAPERS, WALL PAPERS , FOREIGN PAPERS , LEATHERPAPERS , OTHER PAPERS AND PAPER WORKS.

P a p er The papers are manufactured in every part

of the empire. As to the quality , colours, siz e, fine

ness and thickness , there are great varieties accord

ingly, .the name given to them differ in the different

localities. At present the chief export consists of the

gampi, foreign, and wall papers. The gampi papers

are manufactured in the provinces or Mino , Tosa, and

Suruga, the foreign papers in Tokyo andOsaka, and

thewall papers in Tokyo ; besides, theTorinoko papersare manufactured in Mino , Tosa, and Tokyo ; the

Toyo papers in Chikuz en andChikago ; the Yoshino

papers in Mino . In transaction,the price of the

Yoshino and gampi is set on every sheets, the

torinoko on every 500 sheets and thewall papers on

a roll of 36 by 3 shaku. The total value of the ex port

amounts to about yen. The wall papers are

mostly ex ported to the Dominion of Canada, Australia,

and other countries. The gampi is ex ported to

England, the United States, France, China andother

countries the foreign paper to China andother countries ; the other papers are exported to China, theUnited States, England, Corea and other countries.

The torinoko, yoshino, gami and wall papers are exported fromYokohama the foreign paper from Kobe ;the Toyo papers from Nagasaki . The trade for the

last five years is shown in the following table.


Campi Paper.

ForeignPaper.

189 80 7

IslandsRussiaUnited States.

5,260I


P a per W ork».

The paper works are the products

special to Tokyo, Kyoto andOsaka. They aremade

into napkins, plate server, papers for advertisment

having flowers and birds andother figures printedin

different colours, letter papers and envelopes and

other paper works.

The export of the paper can not be said large, it

amounts to yen. The first country of exportis the United States, England, France and other

countries coming next to it.

The trade for the last five years is shOwn in the

following table

Paper Manufactures. (Chiefly Ex ported fromY okohama andKobe.)


ChinaFrance

Great Britain

United

Other

Total

7,434 99

1

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4' IMPORTED TO. 163


CommercialName.

1

(Kanagawa Ken)Tanikawa Shoten

(Osaka Eu)

(Nagasaki Ken)Matsunobegumi Shoten

(Tokyo Eu)Hattori KwairyoShiten

SatoShOten

Mitsui BussanKwaii a

YamadaWallPaperManuf’

tory

NipponWallPaper Co.

Edogawa Paper Manutacturing

Op PaperManufacturingIto W all Paper Manufactory

(Kyoto Fu)

Isono Paper Manufactory


Tanikawa Fukutaro

Kadota Bisuke.

Matsunobe Jiukichi

Hattori Genz aburo

SatoTorakiyo

Hirose Sei .

Mitsui Yonosuke

Wagura NaosukeMasuo Jiusaburo

Yamada Jirobei

Matsuda Tokichi

Nose Hisanari (Head)

Tani Keizo (Manager)

ItoSojiro


Continued

1

ManufacturingBusmess Place. Dealing Articles .

Articles.

No. 1, 1 chome, Minaminakadori.Yokohama .

Paper Ofallkinds

3chome, Tobutsucho,Higashiku,

Nishihamacho, Nagasaki.

No. 5, 1 chome, Horitacro,Nihon Gampishi paper

Paper ManufacNO . 6 , N18b1m‘lq ICbO, Asakusa , tureg .

Envelopes,1 011311113, T6 ri, Nihonbashiku, Letter paper

andother papers.

No. 19, Motoiwaicho. Kandahu , PaperWorks.

No. 5, Kabutocho, Nihonbashiku, papers.

Paper Manufac

Chitosecho, Fukagawaku,tures.

No. 46 , Kamiyoshich6 , Asakusaku , Wallpaper.

Wallpaper ,

No. 2, Mitashikokumachi, Shibaku, Brim paper, andpaper for Screen .

Japanese paperNo. 38 Nishigokencho. Ushigomeku.

Tokyo.

Usuyo paper.Letter paper.

No. 60, Ojimura, Kitato'thimagnri. Paper forPrint'gNo. 28 , Yanagicho, Koishikawaku,

Tokyo

Az ana Nishiumedz n, Umedzumura ,

wallpaper, andKadz unogori. Foreign paper. paper usedfor


(Dust Coal.)

Countries‘ 1887

BritishIndia

Other 1 ,883

Countries 3,301 1 ,972

Total

Note : In thecolumn of 1888, the figures of China comprise those of Hongkong .

Cha rcoal The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, being chiefly exported to China and

Corea.

The producing places of this class are Takashima,Karatsu,

Taku,Hirado in Hiz en province ; Buz en

and Bungo provinces ; Namadsuda in Chikuz en ;

Miike in Chikago ; Horonai in Kitami .

There are two kinds, the black and red coal, of

which the demand for the black coalbeing very large.

Nagasaki is the chief city of export ; Kobe and

Yokohama come next to it.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4‘ m oreTED TO. 167

Ex porters and Manufactures of the Above

M entioned Articles:

CommercialName.

(Kanagawa Ken)

(Hygbgo Ken)

Sumiki ShfitenKobe Branch Office

.

oi

(Nagasaki Ken)Itakuhanbai Kwaisha

Hokkaid6 Baitangumi

('1'6ky6 Fu)

Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha

(Yamaguchi Ken)Uriu ShbkaiKumamoto Shekai

(Fukuoka Ken)Yasukawa ShitenAsano Shéten

Name of PrincipalPerscnor Owner.

Asada Matashichi (Agent of

MitsubishiCo.)

Nishikawa Hanz‘

c'

)

Kawamura Yonez GKasuga Kiz é

Miyaz oeKichibei (Head)Nishikawa Kiyoshi

Ikegami Xakasabuta (Headof

Mitsui Yénosuke

KumamotoW akaba Tokusaburfi

YasukawaAsano


Continued

Business Place. Dealing Articles,

1 chemo, Motohamacht», Yokohama.

50116 1110 , KGbe.

Beutenchfi,

'

4 chemo, Sakaichfi,

3chome, Kaigan,

3chome, Motocho,

4 chame, Sakaichfi,

Umgoshlmacho, Nagasaki. Charcoal.(macho,

l‘emiyachfi, Takashlumgfiri,Shiribesli

5, Kabutocha, Nihonbashiku.

Higashinanbuclza, Akamagas oki City.

Kwauouz akiche.

ltojlPort .

CLASS 13.

VEGITABLE W AX, RAPESEED , Ru nsnmn O IL , Fxsn O IL , OTHER

O ILS , LA3 1) AND HONEY.

The vegetable wax is the product special to

Chikuz en, Chikugo,Hiz en, Higo, Iyo

,Buz en,


F i-h 0 11 The total amount of the ex port offishoilisabout In the country of ex port Germany

occupies its first place, England, Hongkong, Franceandothers come in nex t. The producing districts are

Otaru, Akkeshi and Hakodate in The oilis ex tractedfrom herring, sardine, shark, whale, cod

fish&c ., from which raw oilandrefinedoilaremade.

In quality whale oilis best, andthat of Shark and

cod-fish come nex t to it, and that of herring and

sardine come in third. The transaction is done in

every hundred catties. Yokohama ex ports the four

fifth, and Kobe, the rest. The trade for thelast fiveyears is shown below.


Australia cattyg

1Bum)“Indra“

UnitedStates

Countries

cattyyen 37,972

148

5,

937 40

51421,

1,

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4‘ IMPORTED TO. 171

R a

fi?“

The amount of the ex port of rapeseedoilisabout

.

yen. The first country of ex port is

H ongkong, and England is nex t to it. Kfibe and

Cseke are the ports of ex port, the producing districts

are Kaidsuka andSakai in Iz umi province ; Osaka and

N ishinomiya in Settsu ; Satsuma &c. In quality

those of Iz umi, Osaka and Nishinomiya rank first.

It is transacted in every hundred catties. The trade

for the last five years is given in the following table.


Countries

R a pe-seem The total ex port value ofrapeseedamounts

to yen. England occupies the first place in

respect of the ex port, Hongkong coming nex t to it.

The producing districts are Chikuz en, Chikugo, Higo ,Satsuma, Omi, Echiz en, Buz en,

Bungo , Suwc‘

i, Uz en,

Ugo and Hokkaido . The first class articles are pro

ducedin Chikuz en,Chikugo, Omi, Echiz en, andHok

475

1

842 997


kaide. It is transactedin hundredcatties. Kobe is

the first port ofex port, andNagasaki is the nex t. The

trade for the last five years is as follows

Countries.

Belgium

,663


Continued

Business Place. DealingArticles.

1547 1322

1

32n

FishOilandTobachb, Hyago, Kfibe. Rape-seedOil.3chame, Kaigan, Vegetable W ax .

Rape-seed.

6 ct e, KitahorieShitadbrl, Nishiku, Rap8. 8eed Oil.

Okawacha, 111mm“, 6m .

Bleached W ax .

Jinnikenchis, Vegetable.

Shimotukushimamum, Nishinerlgbri. Rape-seedOil.

Rape-seed.

No. 8, Higashidaiknchb, Fuh gawaku.

2chame, Echlz enborl, Nihonbasklku.

No. 2, Kamesumicha, Fukagawaku.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM IMPORTED TO. 175

CLASS 14.

Cm non, Cann on OIL, GINSENG, SULPHUR, MENTHOL CRYSTAL,PEPPERMINT OIL , Gu mNor , Sunrnumc Aom, Nrrarc Aom,

STARANISE, GLUE, CHINA Roo'r , RANGE, CUBEBA 0 21716 1a 13

on Gosnuru, GENTI-AN, OBAKU on K IWABA, PEONrBARK, CORNEL on SANSHUYU , MICA, Cassm BARK,HONEY , 0 8 0 8 18 , DYES, MED ICINE AND Dane.

Campho r . The total ex port value ofcamphor amountsto yen, chiefly ex ported to Hongkong, therest are ex portedto the United States, England, Ger

many , China, France andother countries. The trade

for the last five years is as follows

1887 1888

271 ,003840

Great

497,644 4 1,941 57,286

2, 133,01c

The camphor is manufactured in Tosa, Satsuma,Chikuz en

, Chikugo, Hiz en, Higo, Buz en, Bungo ,


Osumi, Hiuga, Kii, Iz u, Suruga, Awa, Kaz usa and

other provinces. There are four kinds, namely , per

feet-driedcamphor, well-driedcamphor, local camphor,and residue M phor. By perfect and well dried

camphor, it means that camphor, is in good dried

state ; bylacelCM phor is meant that it is in the ori

ginalstate just as it was conveyedfrom local districtsby residue camphor ismeant that the camphor oilwasseparatedfrom it at Osaka, Kebe andYokohahama.

The perfect, and well dried camphors are chiefly

ex ported to Europe andAmerica, the local M phor

(Yamagata) and residue (Saisei) camphor aremostly

ex ported to China. It is transacted in one hundred

catties, andchiefly ex portedfrom Kobe, andnex t from

Nagasaki.

“ m ph“ Camphor oilis made by the ex traction of

camphor from raw oil, and is chiefly ex ported from

KGbe. The total value amounts to some yen.

It is ex ported to Germany , the UnitedStates, EnglandandChina andother countries.

Gin-ens The ginseng amounts to some yen

in ex port . Ex portedto China andHongkong. It is

consumedby the Chinese andthose eXportedtoHongkong are saidto be transported to the internal China.

The trade for the last five years is as follows


1889

88

200 919

Although the sulphur is produced in HokkaidG,

Kiushiu, Bonin Islands, the articles ex portedare, for

the most part, the production of Kushiro , Kunaj iri,Shari, Iwana

'

iandKomui inHokkaidt' ) andofRikuchiu .

It is chiefly ex portedfrom Hakodate. In transactionthe priceis seton each hundredcatties ofbest quality .

Gall-" u“ The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto Hongkong .

Sulphu ric Acid The total value of the latest ex port

is yen, andchiefly ex portedto China.

“ mm mm The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto Hongkong .

P eppermin t 0 11 The total value of the latest ex portis yen, andchiefly ex portedtoEngland, Hongkong , France, and Germany .

M en tholCry-talc The total value of the latest ex portis yen, andchiefly ex portedto England, UnitedStates, Germany andHongkong.

S ta i r The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto China.

“ on" Bu lk The total value of the latest ex port is

yen,andchiefly ex portedto Hongkong.

0 m" Dm s-o The total value of the latest ex port

yen, andchiefly ex portedtoHongkong China .


The yearly increase in the ma nufacture ofmatches

can be discerned, as the producing districts increase

accordingly . The principal manufacturing places are

T6ky5Fu, Osaka Eu, and Hyfigo prefecture.

The total ex port value amounts to yen

It is chiefly ex ported to Hongkong, nex t to China,

a ndthe rest to Corea, British India, Australia, Philip

pine Islands, Siar'

u and other countries . The trade

for the last five years can be seen in the following table.

Countries

The lucifermatches are ex portedin small quantity,but the safety matches are chiefly ex perted from

Kebe, also from Yokohama andOsaka.

1

2

1

COMMODITIES EXPOR '

I'

ED FROM «91 IMPORTED TO. 183

Ex porters andManufacturers of

CommercialName.

Second Seisuisha

Second Meiji Kwaisha

Sh5kwakusha

Shinyfigumi

Nisshinkwan

Sensuisha

K5ekisha

Osaka Match Seiz5Kwaisha

Kiokush5kwan

Bund5sha


Honda Yoshitomo

Hate.Gimbei

Takigawa Ben25

Iz umida Bunshir5

Sawada Seihei

Takigawa Ben25

Sakamoto Zen'

shichi

Yasuda

Kita Nobumatsu

Tatsuma Taki

Kond5Ikunosuke

Kimura Kohel

Yamamoto Magos'

hichi

Tsutsui

Nagai Sahei

1

Mataki Jitar5(Head)

InouyeTeijir5ShinagawaEifn (Director)Teranishi Tanetar5(Head)


Matches.

HigashikawasakichB.

Minatochii.

Minami Mukasegawacha,

m m,

6 ch5me, Tachibmmdtiri,

Minami Mukfisegam chs,

Mitsukuchlcha.

6 ch5me, Tachi111111311511 ,

Safety and LuciTennajimnm, Hignshinarig5r1. Matches. fer Matches.

Honda Sanmnchc,

TennGjimura, Higaslntharigari. SafetyMatches.

Toyosskimum, KislnlnafigBri.

Kamifukushimamum,

BDM m-a,

Kamifukushixnamura

186 COMM JHOR AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

1 cliéme:A11d5j10115, Minamiku,

chemo, Honda, Nismku, Osaka.

cl15me, Honda,

Honda

201151113, Hondac115d5r1

4 ch5me, Tcnj inlnshisuji, Kitaku,Higaslfihiranochb", Higashinarl3511 .

Kitanomura, Nishinarigt' iri.

No. 7, 5 01153110 , Ky113811111

No. 56 , Honjoku.

No. 24, 20113010, llamamatsuchts,

So. 27, Takech5, Shltayaku.

No. 14, Yanagishlma Umemorich5.

No. 11, Kojlmaclu'i, Asakusaku.

No. 11, Kamiyosl1ich5,

No. 14, Shimiz uchii, Honjoku.

Takaokac115, Nagoya.

Hachibancha, Shizuoka.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 45IMPORTED TO . 187

CLASS 16 .

RAW 8 122 , Noe SILK , W ASTE SILK , Tana S11.K , FLoss SlLK,

W ASTE FLoss SILK, PIEECED CQ COON, W ASTE COCOON, Smx

W orm Essa.

R aw Sfl k In about 1869 or 1870when the European

silk sp1nn1ng machine had been introduced, the silk

industry of the empire began to assume a newaspect.

At present the silk spinning factories can be seen

everywhere. In about 1879, improvement was made

toRe-reelmachines andwas called ImprovedRe'

~reel

Machine. Itwas first adoptedin Gumma prefecture.

Ever since the production by thismachine, ithas made

a decided progress andthe best qualityof it does not

seem to be inferior to that of producedby the Furo

pean machine. The market value equals with the

best of the European machine production . The raw

silk is the important original produce of the Empire.

It occupies the foremost place in‘

the wholee x port of

the country . The total ex port value amounts to

yen. The United States in the first

country of ex port, France comes nex t, England,Italy andSwitz erlandcome in third. The trade for

the last five years can be seen in the following table.

British catty 36

America. yen

Chinacatty 224

1 168 1

cattyyen


Countries. 1888

States

The rawsilk , is dividedinto six classes.—Filatures,

Re-reels, Hanks, Kakeda, Oshu, andHamatsuki. Theyare classified into e x tra , best, good, medium, inferior

&c., and numberedthe first, second, andthirdaccord

ing to the quality of each class. The rawsilk and

waste silk are transactedon each hundredcatties . The

producingdistricts ofthis class are all over the country ,but the principal places are Nagano , Gumma, Fukushims, Kanagawa, Yamanashi, Shiga, Saitama, G ifu,

Yamagata and Miyagi prefectures. The followingtable will showthe amount of rawsilk &c. convey to

Yokohama, which is the chief port of ex port.

190 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN '

JAPAN.

waf t‘fgxk‘fm‘ Among the waste silks, Noshi and

waste silk have the largest total value of ex port. The

Noshi silk amounts to yen andthat of the

waste silk to about yen. France is the

chief country of ex port, Italy , England andAustria

come nex t. Yokohama is the port of ex port, those

from K5be being quite scarce. The trade for thelastfive years can be seen in the following table.


cattyyen

catty 2

yen

catty 2,25C 1

yen 1

cattyyen

cattyyen

yen

cattyyen

catty390catty

840

12

7,232

27,651


1890 1891

France

United

Total

Besides, the amount and value of the waste silks,cocoons, floss silkslately ex portedare as followsTam-mo

yen to France.

“£23k . yen to France, Italy England.

Flo“ 8111‘yen to British India, Italy and

United'States.

wfim fa yen toZFrance, andthe UnitedStates.

5238


Ex porters and Manufacturers of the AboveM entioned Articles.

CommercialName.

Ono Sh5ten .

Dcshin KwaishaW akao Sh5tenBranchShop ofMitsui

Iijima Sh5tenYamamotoyaFuscgumiNakajima Sh5tenKashiwagiYasunishi

K0 ] 1ma Sh5tenSekitanya

W atanabe Sh5tenMatsuura

Bceki Sh5kwai

Kamez en

ImprovedSilkFactory

(By5goKen)Shiuei Co.

It5Sh5ten

(Hokkaid5)m

Sapporo SilkManufactory

(Ky5to Eu)Ky5to Filat

yure Company

(Saitama Ken)

Kanahashi'

SilkFactory

K5gy5Kwaisha

or Owner.

mogi Séw 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tanaka Mohei (Manager)

OtomoMasanoj5

Inouye Yoshio’

s Manager

It5Ch5jir5(Head)ItcMatsu25

Sakai Kotare

Kopma Gentar5Okawara Eijir5W atanabe BunshichiMatsuura KaheiAsabnkiEiji (Director)ItoKimbeiHara Zenz abur5Suz uki UyemonTomita Mikinosuke

Adachi MinnandImai T5shichi

Nakamura Chiubei (Manager).

Kat5 Kinsabur5

Minehishi Kiichi


CommercialName.

Shinriu

Ichimura-shaBissei-shaKatsuyama S111: Factory

Aburaya

Umayama and Kambe Silk

Usui-sha .

(Chiba Ken)Shink5sha.

Factory

Matsui Rinsaku

Sait5Shosaku

Hara Tetsugor5

Suz uki Seisaku (Head)Matsumoto Gengor5Shimomura Zentar5

Hayakawa Gonz abur5Yebara Yoshihei

Matsui

Ichimura MokichiTakino Jiumo

Hirakata T5heiKoike Imaz5Kamei KatsupOkudaira Kinsabur5Tsukada Tatsusabur5Matsui Kaichir5

Shinagawa Seiz5

Takahashi Kotar5

KambeTeiz abur5

Yamamoto Kwan

Fukaz awaOtsubo

Umemura Kwaishx


Continued

CommercialSame.

. (Miye Ken)

(Aichi Ken)Inuyamashak in3651111.

Ky5seishaP 5eisha

Hosoya SilkManufacturing Co.

Ota SilkFactory(Shiz uoka Ken)

Shiz uoka Silk Manufacturing

(Yamanashi Kéii)K5seisha

Kusan’

agi Gumi

IndustrialSilk FactoryTanaka

(Shiga KenYamanaka Silk Factory

Omi SilkManufacturingCo.

Omi Sumitomo SilkFactory(Gifu Ken)

Kinkwasha

or Owner.

It5Koz aemonKamino

Sawamoto Sh5kichi (Head)Mishina Tomimbur5(Masuda Inakichi

Hirata Einosuke

Ota Kwakuz5

Kurebayashi Utar5(Head)

Nakaz awa Kwan-ichir5Yosaki Genmemon

Ii Seiz5Shimog

'5Dempei (Head)

Kitawaki Sinemon (

KobayashiTetsuprb

Yashima EisukeYashima Zenshich1Takei TsunesukeOki Kiemon

Shimura HikoshichiAkiyama KoemonAmenomiya.KiheiNaitoJinhaiTanaka M 1goemon

198

Kinrim mio o .

Ogaki Silk FactoryOmengumiAsahigumi BranchShopFurukawaSilkManuf'turmg Co.

KinseishaSemp58haEish5shalz ansha

(Nagano Ken)Bokuk5sha

XishihakukakushaKinz ansha


Ogiso Shinhei

Yamada Kichiroku

Fukushima W asaka

Masuda CibeiKatsuno Shichibei

Furuike SukeemonHirano Kichibei

Osato Chiuichir5(Head)

Kawamura Seiz5Shimomura Kamesabur5

Oz awa Kin-aemon

Miyasaka Ichirobei

ImaiUmez5Takeda Sh5e1non


CommercialName.

(Nagano Ken)

T5meisha

T5eisha

Nakainasha

Ch5shiushaIna SilkManufacturing Co.

ShiunmeishaJiunsuisha.

Katakura SilkFactoryTokushinsha

Hinodemat-susha

Matsubaken

Matsushiro Silk Manuié'

ctdél

Hoshina K5z5Marumo YonesakuRy5kado GennosukeGomi Yonegor5

Aoki Matusnosuke

Katakura Saichi

Uehara Ichijir5Tanaka SakubeiItoZensuke

Xoguchi'l'5roku

Kubota Eiz abur5

Seki Ieuke

Hiraz awa Genkichi

Yoneyama Yasabur5

Shioz awa Sashichi '

K5hira Tomoichir5Takemura KumakichiSekigawaYoshiz awa RihachiOno Kinsuke

Furume JiunIchikawaMaki Shinshichi

COMMERCE ‘AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

Daiseikwan.

(Fukushima Ken)

Oseko SilkFactoryHakushinsha

Yonez awa SilkFactory

Kinseisha

Suish5kenW aikinkwan

Fuku1 Ken)Katsuyama SilkUnpin Silk Co.

(Tottori Ken)SilkManufacturing Co.

(ShimaneKen)

KiyaAkii Silk Factory

Sany5Silk Manufacturing Co.

Oku Saburobei

Takahashi Ch5j iur5(Head)

NagatoNaonosuke

Shimiz u Seisuke

MaruyKa

i

ma Kaishir5 (Head)Tase Kic.hir5jiW atanabeTokuz aemonTakahashi Bunjir5NakamuraTsukahara S5memonTakahashi

Kuwada T5jiur5

Sonoyama Yii

Nakoshi Shirohei (Head)


Manufacturing‘

Articles.

Kanayamamura. Ikug5ri.Yokoyaammra, Motnyoshigari.

Motoyosliimura,Filatures and

Nihonmatsu. Adachigi'n

'i. Re-reels, (Orika

k5riyamac115, Re-reels, (Neyridsukuri).

snimkmm hs, Nishishirakawagiiri. Filletures.(Nepndsukun ).

Fatasomura. TamuragBri.

Uchikawamemnra. Hienukigilri.Usukimum. Higashi Iwaig5rl.

Tateyama, Yonezawa.

Urushiyamamura, Higashlokitamagari.

Akayumura.Miyauchichb

’

.

Araisoch5, Nishiokitamagori.Higashiokitamagiiri.

Yashiromum.

Nagaichii.Nishiokltamagfiri.

Katsnyamachii, 6 1103511 . Filflvtlll'efloObama, 0niug5ri. n

Filatures, (NepKurayoshich5. Kumeg5ri . ndsukurl).

Re-reels,’

Filatures,

Kasaokachii. Odag5ri.Raw 8111:

204 COMMERCEO

AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

CLASS 17.

SILK Goons, SILK H'

A‘

NDx'

nacmars AND Manorx croass Sru .

silk 0 0 0 th The principal silk goods are Habutai,crapes, Kaiki, Shuchin, figureddamask , among which

Habutai is manufacturedin large quantity . The total

value of the ex port five or six years ago amountedto

only yen, but last year it has increased to

yen, none of the ex portedarticles can rival

snob a rapidincrease. The principal districts are theprovinces of Echiz en (Habutai is produced), Kaga

(also Habutai) , KGZuke (Habutai and craps), Shimotsuke andKai (Habutai and Kaiki), Tango andMino

(crapes), Ky5to (Shuchin and figureddamask), which

are mainly ex ported from Yokohama. The ex port

findthe wayiinto Francemost, the UnitedStates in

the nex t place, and Corea, England, Hongkong and

other countries in’

the last.

The trade for the last five years with several coun

tries is shown in the following table.

206

Australia

276


10

1, 188

Thesilk handkerchiefs ex ported at present consist

ofwhite silk having turned over edges (Orikaeshi)

which is produced in large quantities ; the striped

edges (Shimabuchi), the striped edges turned over

(Shima orikaeshi) and the scalloped :silk (Fuchinui).

They are producedin T5ky5, Yokohama, Odawara

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4' IMPORTED TO . 207

Gifu, Nagoya, Kobe, Okayama andother districts, the

port of ex port being Yokohama.

The total ex port value of the silk fabricsamounts to yen, manufactured in T5ky5,Osaka, Yokohama, Kyoto andKobe. There are great

variety , amongwhich curtains, table cloth , chair cloth ,

bedcloth , plate cloth, printed figures andclothes &0 .

The trade for the last five years is given below.

Countries.

AustraliaAustriaBelgium .

BritishAmerica

BritishIndia . .2ChinaCorea

DenmarkFrance

GermanyGreat BritainHawaiiHollanlHongkongItaly .

PhilippineGroup

Russia

Sia ‘

n. .

SpainTurkeyUnitedOther

Countries

4 17

1

1

l,080

100

108

c

1 ,15C

208 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRYw .u PA

The Ex porters and Manufacturers of theAbove

Name of PrincipalPersonCommercmlhams .

or Owner.

Noz awaya

inuya Sh5tenTanabeya

(By5go Ken)Kanematsu Sh5

(Ky5to Fu)Takashimaya

.Chigiriya Nishimura S52ae1non

1

Ky5to sum00 Shibusawa Enchi (Head)

NishijinMon-Ori Kwaisha Yamada Taiz5(Head)

Izutsuya Date Toraichi

Shnno Sh5be1

Shnno Kenz5Matsuura YoshimatsuKoshimitsuHasegawa Jiuz5

Kat5RinkichiYamada UhachiMurata Okiz5Suz uki Kenkichi

Nishimura Jiunz5Sh5da Tsunejir5

Kanematsu Fusa31r5

Iida Shinshichi


CommercialXame.

Kawashima

(Saitama Ken)Fukushima W orkshop

Iz umi

Iriyama

KakiageOnoki

Moriso

Kiriu Grapes Co.

Seirensha

Seiaisha

or Owner.

Kawashima Jimbei

Kobayashi Aya z5

Tanaka Seishichi

Fukushima Shichibei

Yagihara Rinshichi.

Saba Kichiemon

Shimoyama Kak1131r5

Osuka Keitar5Iida HirokichiTakahashi DaiSat5KinsakuTaj ima Toyotar5

Kakinge Bunz aemonOno Rikiz aemonMori S5sakuS akata Nobusuke (Head)Yoshiz awa Kichitar5Fukaz awa Kokusabur5Aoki Yasuz5Morishita Shinz abur5Nakajima Daijir5Yoshida Kinz OXakajima Seiz dArai KiichiMakishima Seiz aburdIshii Jokichi


Kenna-agai n, Higashihorikawada'l,Kamiky5ku. Ky5to.

Kumcha, 16 111811311 ,Knittings.

Kam unmra, ShichijMBri.

51mm, moms-gan.

Unememura, Snigarl.

9 9

Sakainomura,

ManufacturingArticles,

ChamberDecora

forforeign-dress

Curtain.

Silk Cloths for

Handkerchiefs 61Lining , Chichi

Handkerchiefs

(Habutae).

Undyed SilkCloth

Xeri twilled SilkFabrics.


CommercialName.

(TochigiKen)Yumi Rib 0 0 0

(Aichi Ken)

or Owner.

Hoshino YasomatsuHoshino Naokichi

Sonoda Toyomatsu

Kurihara Matasabur5Mori Biotarb

Iwamoto Bi5suke

Hasegawa SakushichiKimura Asashichi

Shoda Tsunesabur5

W akayama

Takasogi Scu31r5Shimiz u Kingor5Shimiz u SeisakuImaiz umiGensakuKuwabara SakichiYoshida Buujir5Sait5Ichitar5

Kobayashi Eitar5W atanabe TakaGot5

Ebara TeisukeYamad5Toj iur5O z awa MotokichiMorita Fukutar5Shimoyama Seijir5Aibara Kakutar5

COMMODITIES EXPORTEI) FROM 6? IMPORTED TO. 215

Kaj ich5, K5t’

u City.

[maizumi, Gifu City.

YamatoshimochG, Fukui City.

Nishikikamima chi,

Awatawemura, Imaclategiiri.

Fukui City.

c hiclagc‘iri.

Komatsu Nomigfiri

ManufacturingArticles.

Silk Handker

Kata Habutae,W indowCurtain,

Handkerchief.

Habutae.


CLASS 18.

RAW COTTON, Co'r

'ron CLo'

ra roa FLooa , Co'r

'ron FLANNEL ,

MOMPA, AND OrmmCor ron Goons.

The total ex port value of this classwas about

yen. It has increasedyearly , andat present it is about

yen. The cotton cloth for floor is manufac

turedin Sakai Mompa andcotton flannel is produced

in Nagoya, W akayama, Osaka andKy5to towels in

Osaka, andcottonChijimi in Sano ,Ashikaga andKiriu .

The ex port ofcotton cloth forfloor -began

to show a fair prospect lately . The UnitedStates is .

the first country of ex port , England is nex t to it, and

Russia and China come after it. The trade for the

last five years with different countries is Shown in thefollowing table.

Countries.

43] 1 I65G

24

I

1 .071

1 ,154

2, 125

1 ,041

I,798

168

1,5521

639

l.22!27 ,593

51,04-8

7 36


CLASS 19 .

LACQUEBEI’

) W ARES .

The lacqueredwares are the produce special to this

country , and have attained the admiration in the

foreig nlandfrom an early period. Though the pro

ducing districts are many , the notedplaces ofmanufactures for ex port purposes are Aiz u (same as W aka

matsu in Iwashiro) , Kii, Shiz uoka, Hakone (in Sagami) ,Kaga , Tokyo, Osaka and Kyfito. The principal

articles produced are tray , bread tray , hanging shelf,square shelf, box , drawers incense box , stove screen

&c . Trays are manufactured in Aiz u and Kii

bread trays in Shiz uoka ; wooden plates in Hakone ;the rest are manufacturedeverywhere.

The total ex port value amounts to about

yen. In the countries of ex port, England, Germany ,Hongkong, France, and the United States are the

principal ones . Yokohama is the chief port of ex port ,Kobe is the nex t.

The trade for thelast five years can be seen in the

following table.


Continued

Business Place.

80 . 18, 2 ct e, Sakaicha, Yoko

Yumoto mum, Asldgarashimogari.

Yokohama.

30116 1110 , Ho11c116 ,

4 chains, Bentemlcrl,

Kfibe City.

2ohiSme,Edobor1Minamidari.Osaka .

Nagasaki City.

No. 31, 2chl‘nne, Tsukiji, TBkyB.

No. 17, Sarnyacba, Asakusaku,

No. 38, 2chame, Iidamachi,Kaj imachiku.

1 01131110 , Tali , Nihombashlku,

TBkyB.

Shinz aimokuchfi,20116 1118 , Hammachi,

Nihonbashiku,

Saemongnslii, Asakusaku,Kananka ,

Iz umochs, Kybbashiku,

2oniiwe, Ginza,Nishimis

'

ujichii, Asakusaku.

Lacq ueredW ares

oldLacqueredW ares.

39

Incq uerings

and Gold

Lacq uered

Lacq uering.


CommercialName.

(Kybto Eu)Y amatoya

Z ogeya .

M inoya

(Shiz uoka Ken)M asunagaya

Y amamatsuya

Xishinoya

Y airiya

(W akayania Ken)

Hiyamiz uyaOgiyaB ishiya

(Ishikawa Ken)

or Owner.

Mikami Jisabur?)

Nishimura Hikobe1

Inagaki Magobei

Mikami Koz aburé

Murata Kamekichi

Masunaga Toyotarc‘

)

O z awa Senchi

Matsuyama Eijiri'

)

Sat6 Kitaz aemon

Yairi Rokusaburc’

)

Hotta K6jir6

Shimiz uKawabataHishikawa Shégoré .

Tsuruta W asaburc‘

i

Koshima.HampeiMorishita MorihachiHira z awa

Countries.

If:18

States yen 37,297 24 ,

yen 26

Total yen 228 . 174l“ timber . The total ex port value .is about

yen,mostly the product of Ichinogawa minein Iyoand Totsukawa mine in

'

Yamato , Tosa, Hiuga

among: which Iyo produces most and. in q uality it

ex cells the others. [There arethedistinctions of ones,sulphuretedantimony , andpurifiedantimony, ofwhich

the.

» sulphureted antimony is principally ex ported.

The country of ex port is Hongkong in the firstplace,andEngland comes nex t to it. It is almost whollyex portedfrom KObe. On or about 1874 the antiménywas imported, but from the ‘

domestic produce

began tor

he ex ported, and steadily increased ever

Since.

‘

In T0ky0 and other place the flower vases,

trays, photograph racks, buttons a nd‘

allother kindsaremanufacturedandex ported.

,1888


1888

1

Total

8 m m .

yen.

Corea .

Thetotal ex port value of bronz e is about

Chicfly ex ported to Hongkong,nex t to

The old useless wares are melted andmade

into suitable masses, and ex portedmostly by Osakamerchants, eight- tenth of it is ex ported from KObe,andthe rest from Osaka.

follows

Countries.

The trade statistics are as

663

86

12

1

6 1 ,6 11

111 ,934

1

631 ,659

7

439

90

10

32

4


The ingot copper and bar or slab copper

n. . or

,

combinedamounts to about yen in

021

30“the total value. The producing districts are

Shimotsuke, Iyo, Ugo, Biz en, Bitchiu, Kaga, Echigo,Iwami, Hiuga &c. The first ex port port is Yoko

hama, KGbe is nex t and Osaka comes last. W hat is

meant by the ingot copper is that the copper is in the

original state as it came from themines. By bar or

slab copper is meant that the copper was melted and

made into bars, Slabs or sheet and having the trade

marks of the manufactures stamped into them and

ex ported, they bear the different names such as square .

copper, long pole, slab copper andsheet copper.

In transaction the price is set on every hundred

catties. Ingot copper is chiefly ex ported to Hongkong China andEngland are secondary . Slab cop

per is also chiefly ex ported to Hongkong ; England,British India, Corea and France have rest of the

share. The trade for the last five years is given in

the following table.

(Ingot Copper. )

India 49 842 288,


Ex porters and Manufacturers of the Above

Mentmned Articles.

CommercialName.

(Kanagawa. Ken.)Kamoiya.

Iz umiyn.Iwaz akiya.

Kamokame Shéten

Numashima

K

(Hybgo Ken.)

Kfibe BranchofMitsui BussanKwaisha

Sumitomo Branchin Kfibe

(Osaka Fu.)

Name of Principai Personor Owner.

Ogaki NaetamSugiyama. Kamekichi

Okaz aki Shakichi

Matsumi Kwansuke

Tanaka. Kaeuke (Manager)

Tanabe Teikichi

Kawai

Kawabe Knrasabnré

Fukushima Téehichi

Yamanaka, Naoshichi

Sakamoto Heienke

Yonenmni Chébei

COJIJIODH'

IES EXPORTED FROM 3' IMPORTED TO. 231

ManufacturingBusmess PIaCCS.

Articles.

1 ct e, Bentendari, Yokohama.

lct e, Otamachi,2Chame, Sakaicha,1 chfime, Mhnaminakadfiri

1 chame, Honchti,Allklnds Of

Bronz e W ares.

1 chbme, Kitanakadfiri

4 charlie, 110 110116 ,3chame

,

1 ct c, Beutcndfiri,

1 chame, Motoclu'

i, Kfibe.

301131110, Kaigan,

6 chCme, Sakaicl16 ,

08amCity.

CsakaCity.

1 chame; smochadari, Csaka City.

2chfime, Nishi D6 tonboric16ri,Nishiku, Osaka City.

Bar’'

S1a.b00pper.

Ingot, Bar, SlabCopper, andCopper W ire.

1 chame, Audfij ibashidari, Minamiku,

6 111“City.

2chiime, Andfij ibaslxidfiri, Minamiku,

Csar

li

ta City.

Bar, SlabCopper.

1 ( shame, Ninamihorios hitmlb Bar SlabCoNishiku, Csaka City.

ppe

4 chfime, Andfijibashidari, Minamiku, B W'

Csuha City.

rags we

Bar, SlabCopper,Bronz e, and

Ingot Copper.

Antimony.

Copper and

Antimony.

Ingot, Bar, SlabCopper, Bronz e,andCopperW ire.

Ingot Copper.

232 COMMERCE‘

AND INDUSTRY‘

IN JAPAN.

CommercialName.


(Toky?) Eu. )Fur ukawa Copper Foundry

Hishiya

Mikawaya Mikawa Kaz abur6

Kamikc‘

) Kobayashi Kéjiri'

)

Suz uki Chfikichi

(Kyfito Fu.)Yoshida Yasubei

Seiwadb Kanaya Gomsaburc'

)

Témi Eisuke

Furukawa Ichibe1

Takahashi Yosbibei

Suz uki Kichigorc‘

)

Shimoseki KaheiShibata GensukeTanimura IemonKobayashi Zembel

Kobayashi Rihei


CLASS 21.

EARTHENW ARE, PORCELAIN, SHIPPO AND GLABS W ARE.

Ea rthenw a re

a nd P orcela in .

The earthenware and porcelain are

thewell known produce of the Empire. They are

manufactured more or less in every part of the

country , but the most noted places are Aichi, Gifu,

Saga, Ishikawa, KyOto,Fukushima and other prefec

tures.

The total ex port value amounts to about 000

yen, chiefly ex ported to the United States, nex t to

England, andthe rest toHongkong, France, Germany,

China, Corea, British India, Australia, Belgium and

other countries . The trade for the last five years is

as follows

Australia

BelgiumBritishAmerica

BritishChina

Corea

France

GermanyGreat Britain.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM (if IMPORTED TO. 235


yen 927Turkey yen

U nitedStates. yen

O ther

yen

Total yen

The most notedmanufactures for the ex port are

the Imari wares of Saga prefecture, Seto wares of

Aichi, Tajimiwares of Gifu, Aiz u andSoma wares of

F ukushima,Kutaniwares of Ishikawa, Satsumawares

of Kagoshima, Banko wares ofMiye, andAwata and

K iyomidsu wares ofKyOtoEu, and consist offlower

vases, dishes andplates, tea andcoffee sets, flower pots,umbrella stands, wash basins, censers, pots, tea pots

andbowls, which aremostly ex portedfromYokohama

andKobe.

W a re The Shippc‘

) ware is one of the most

articles of ex port, the total ex port amounting to some

yen, yet the ex quisite design andskilful work

manship is highly estimated allover the world.

TOkyO, KyOto, Yokohama andNagoya are the noted

places of manufacture. The trade for the last five

years is as follows.


AustriaBelgiumB

America yen 741 17 120British yen

China yen 596 407Denmark yen


Countries.

97

TurkeyUnited States

29 ; 163

Gla s W a re The ex port totalvalue amountedto some

yen a few years ago, but the works becamesteadily developed that in

_

the last year it arose to

more than yen. Osaka is the principal producing place,

manufacturing lamps and articles belonging to it , table wares &c . Mostly ex ported to

China and Hongkong, and the rest to Corea and

Russia . Lamps and lanterns are ex port ed to China,

andglass shades to Hongkoug, chiefly ex portedfromKObe, andthe rest from Osaka .

The trade for the last five year is as in the followingtable.

China yen

Corea yen

Hongkong yen 1

Russia yen

Other

yen 281 58577 .34-3


Continued

Business Place.

NO . 40, 2cllame, Bentemli'n'i, Yoko11111118 .

No. 22, 2chfime, Honcln‘i,

No. 27, 301181119 , Motolmmachfi,

2chame, Honchfi,

No. 38, 8 chame, Uchidaclns,

No. 3, Shimiz uclnfi,lchame, Hohena,

1 chiSme, Kitanakadfiri,4 ct e, AiuicliG,

3ct o, Honclzfi,

Otacliii,

3chame, Sakaichfi, Kahe.

4 cliame, Sakaiclni'

i, Kfibe.

2cliamc,

lchame, Utsubokami dori, Nishiku

1 chb’me, Utsubominamidari, Niqhiku

Nishiku, Osaka.

lct e, Awaz anakadari, Nishilgu,

Osaka

1 chame, Tachibanodfiri,4 chamc, Hiranocha. Higashiku

1 chame, Edobori, Nishiku,

’

2chame, Minamidiiri, Shinanorlmclni,Nishiku, Osaka

Sueliirochis, Kituku,

Dealing Articles.

Articles _

Porcelain «to.

811°

m” “areShippO wares.

ShippOwares.

Porcelain andEarthenwaresa

Porcelain andEarthen wares.

Glass wares.

Glass medicinebottles.

Glass medicineandwine bottle.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4 IMPORTED TO. 239 .

O tsuya

(Nagasaki,Ken)

BranchShop ofKOransha(TOkyO Fu)

Shinagawa Glass

Masuko Porcelain Co.

BranchShop ofKOransha

or Owner.

Komai ShOtaro

Okitsu ShOkichi

Sugiura Mosuke

Miyaz oeKichibei (Head)

Kai OrieTanabe Za aburO

Kawara Noritatsu

Kashiwamura YO

Kato Sukesaburé

Takiz awa Masakichi

KoyanagiKiuz O

Fukagawa Eiz aemon


Busines Place.

Kawm yachc, Minamiku, Osaka.

Kashlncha, Kitaku,

Kawasakimura, Nishinarigfiri.

1 0116 1110, Shinmachidarl, Nishiku,

1 chfime, Kyb‘machiboridBfl,

lct e, Awaz ashitadm'l,1 chbme, Tachiuribori MinamidBri,

Nishiku, Osaka .

Uragotfimaclii, Nagasaki City.

Desliimacha,

OwarichaShinchi, Kiohashiku, T6ky6 .

3chame, Ginza,No. 86 , 2chame, Hayashichb. Benja

Ru 9 !

No. 287, Shinagawacha, Ebaragari.

1 ct e, KakigarachC, Nilionbashiku.

1 chame, Minamishinbori, Kifihashiku'

1 chame, Kakigaracha, Nihonbashiku.

2claame, Tomishimacliii,7 clu‘nne, Umamichimachi, Asakusaku.

1 chains, Ginm, Kifibashiku.

2chiime, Honshirokanechb, Nihonlmliiku.

2chains, Hiyoshiciia, Kiohasliiku.

Porcelain and

Earthen wares.

Porcelain and

Earthen wares.

Earthenwaresn

Porcelain and

Earthen wares.

Porcelain andEarthenwares.

Articles .

shades.

wares.


Continued

Business Place. Dealing Articles.

Articles.

Somalia. Himhiku usnlsfirl

Yokkaichicha.myegafl of allkinds .

Porcelains of all

Porcelain of

porcelain.

Kutani porcelain

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4: IMPORTED TO. 247

CLAss 22.

LEAF TOBACCO , CIGARETTE, W ASTE TOBACCO , CUT TOBACCO

AND OTHER KINDS OF TOBACCO , :SAKE, BEER, W INE, Sor ,

TABLE SALT, VEBMICELLI, AND OTHER VICTUALs AND BEvEB

AGES, HEMP, HEMP CLOTH, Kuz u CLOTH, SILK AND COTTON

MIXTURES, TABLE CLOTH , COTTON UNDEBsHIBTs AND DRAW

EBs, Socx s AND STocxmcs, GLOVES, MATTRESS, CLOTHrNesW ITH APPENDAGES, HATs, iBoox s, PHOTOGRAPHS, PICTURES,CORAL

, CBx sTAL, TBIMHINGs, EMERY, MINERALS, NICKELCOIN

, COPPER COIN, THERMOMETEB, SYRINGE, STEAMER,SAILmG VESSEL, BOATS, JINBIx IsHA, ANIMALs, LIL! BULBs,PLANTs, FURNITURns , TOILET SOAP, W AsHINo SOAP, TOOTHPOW DER.

L ea f Toba cco . The,total value of the latest ex port is

yen,andchiefly ex portedto England.

C ig a ret tes . The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto China andCorea .

S a ke. The total value of the latest ex port to

yen,and chiefly ex ported to Corea.

B eer , W ine, & c. The .total value of the latest ex port

is yen, and chiefly ex ported to Hongkong,China andCorea.

Soy . The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto Hawai.

Table Salt . The total value of the latest ex port is

yen,and chiefly ex portedto Corea.

Ve rmlcelll. The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto China.

The total value of the latest ex port ls

Bevera g elo yen.

COMMERCEAND INDUSTRYI N JAPAN.

H emp Cloth. The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex ported to Corea.

The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex ported to Hongkong .

Cotton The total value of the latest ex port is

.e yen, and chiefly ex ported to

Hongkong andChina.

The totalvalue of the latest ex portis yen.

The total value of the latest ex port isyen.

P ictu res . The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex ported to.

Hongkong .

Corals. The total value of the latest ex port isyen.

lllln erall. The total value of the latest ex port isyen.

Jln rlkhha . The total value of the latest ex port isyen.

L ily B ulbs . The total value of the (latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto England.

Pla n ts. The total value of the latest ex port isyen.

R a g s. The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex portedto The UnitedStates.

F umltu rel. The total value of the latest ex port is

yen.

To ilet Soa p . The total value of the latest Cx port is

yen, andchiefly ex ported to China .

W a shin g Soa p . The total value of the latest ex port is

yen, andchiefly ex ported to China.


Continued

Business Place.

0 . 47, 3shame, Honcho, Yokahama. Sundry goods.

0 . 68, 4 chbme, BentenpOri,o. 34, 3chbme, Honcho,o. 78, 5chame, 6mm,

0 . 12, 1 chbme. Sumiyoshicho.chbme, Sumiyoshicho,

Fukiaimura, KGbe.

lchbme, Kitahoriekamidori, Nishiku.

Osaka.

1 chdme, Minamihoriedori,lchbmeNishinagahori Minamidori,

Nishiku, Osaka.

1chdme, Andbj ibashidbrl,Minamiku. 00m““nae“hm aD

chome, Imahashi. Higashiku,

8 1 “mm

9:

chdme, Shimmachidbri, Nishiku.chameHoncho, Higashiku, Osaka.

chbmeKarawacho,chbme, Fushimichd,chOme, Bingocho.Daihbj imachi.Minamiku Osaka.

Dom ha, Nagasaki. Leaf Tobacco.

Lmauwomachi, n

20116 1110 , Owaricho. Kiobashiku.Tbkyo. Furnitureg,

Jinril'

x isha.

Jinrikisha.

Kyoto.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM INPORTED TO. 251

FREIGHT AND OTHER EXPENSES ON

EXPORT GOODS.

The freight andother ex penses vary according tothe nature andquantity of goods to be transported,andany fixed standard can not bemade out, so the

rates here given are in general.

The rates of transportation andpacking from the

producing districts to the port of ex port.

RAW SILK .

Producing districts. Port ofEx port.

Nagano prefecture. YokohamaGumma

FukushimaYamanashi

n

Packing , from 50 sen to yen Insurance prefmium from5to 1% of the original value.

SILK n ukes.

Port of Ex port.

Fukui prefecture. Yokohama.

Gumma

Tochigi

Kyoto Fu

Packing , about 15 sen per

Premium5tol%. The rate

the same allthrough .

Charges weight anddimension.

Yen per 10kwamme.

Yen per 1 sai (cubicshaku ) .

Yen per 1 sai (cubicshaku) .

Yen per 1 sai (cubicshaku) .

1 sai (cubic shaku),of premium remains

comma:03 AND 1M)asTRY IN JAPAN.

Producing districts.

Miye prefecture.

Shiz uoka

Packing , about 30 sen each case.

PORCELAIN AND Emrn nwm .

Producing districts. Port ofEx port. Charges in capacity.

Saga prefecture Kobe. Yen per 1 sai.Aichi Yokohama.

IshikawaKyotoEu. Kobe.

Packing , from to sen per sai.

Shiz uoka

Packing, about 50 sen per 10 sai.

Mu s For; Fwoa .

Producing districts. Port of Ex port.

Kobe.

Charges.

Packing, about 3 sen.


Packing andother ex penses in the port of ex port .

PACKING .

Raw silks . 1 bale( 100 catty) .

Silk fabrics. 1 ton (3cages) .Tea. 1 case (50 70 catty) .Porcelain and

1 ton (2 cases) .

Lacq uerwares. 1 ton (2 cases).Matches 1 ton (600 doz ens) .

1 ton.

BUYING COMMISSION.

As it is customary for themerchants in theports ofex port to treat the goods as their own andthe com

mission can not be assertained, but in case the tran

sactions andbusiness of ex porting were intrusted to

them,they sometimes charge, it is said, 1 to

CUSTOM Bacx na’

s COMMISSION.

Custom Broker is one who acts as agent to the

owner,andmanages the proceedings Of the Custom

House.

Commission.

Up to You to

to

to

Upwards of rate not over°

/o

LADING AND OTHER Ex pansns.

100 catty .040

Yen ToAmericaFrance.

To America.

France.

ToAmericaFrance.

COMMODITImEXPORTED FROM 4: INPORTED TO. 255

W AGON Ema 130 m Ons'rOM Hover: FROM Snore.

1 Yen

REGISTRATION Fax : or INvOIcmIN rim U. S. CONSULATE.

It is only for the goods bound for theU. S.

Pam un or Mum“: INSURANCE.

MailforAmerica atYen 100.

Steamer for America (via Suez ) at You 100Sailing VesselMailfor EurOpeSteamer for

China (Shanghai)

Hongkong

Java

SingaporeManilla

directHawaii iSanfranscisco via Hawaii .

Australia 1eensland J

Vladivostock


Freight from Y okohama to Foreign Ports.

NewYork

San Francisco.

Vancouver.

Victoria"

Tacoma

Seattle.

Portland.

London

Marseilles.

Lyon.

Havre.

Hanbui'g.

Melborne.

Sydney.

NewZealand.

Shanghai

Hongkong.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM <2-IMPORTED TO. 259

2. PRINCIPAL COMMODITIES IMPORTED TO.

The development of commerce and industry se

companying with country’s progress inevitablyincreases the importation of the necessary articlesfor the demand of every day life and of the raw

materials for themanufacturing purposes.

'

At present, four hundredseventy ormorevarieties

a re importedto this country , which are dividedinto

twelve clases ; and the q uantity and amount of

principalimports for the last five years, with thenames of the importing 'countries, are shown in the

following tables.

CLASS 1.

BRAN, Puma, W mnA'r

,BABLEY, OATS, Fnouas,

INDIAN CORN, GOMA Slums.

(Rice )

260 COMMERCEAND INDUSTRY -IN JAPAN.

(Bean, Peas and Pulse. )

81 1,

,320,

yen 605,United catty 31,States

5659

(W heat Flour, and O ther Corn Plours. )

catty

(Barley)

Countries.

cattyyen

catty

catty

China

COMMERCEAND INDUSTRY IN JAPAIV.

Bussiness Place.

1 chdme, MotochO, KObe.

3chOme, Sakaichd,

4 ch6me, Kaigan,

5chOme,

Shimakamichii, HyOgo.

2chOme, Tosabori, Nishiku, Osaka.

5chOme, MinamiHorieddri,Nishiku, Osaka.

4 chame, Nishiddtomboriddri,

6 chOme, Minamihoriekamidéri,Nishiku, Osaka

Higashinoché, Satsumabori,Nishiku, Osaka.

3chome, Edoborikitaddri,

Shimofukushimamura,Nishinarigori, Settsu Province.

4 chOme, Nakanoshima, Kitaku,

Osaka.

5chOme, Minamihcriekamidéri,Nishiku, Osaka.

EbisuchO, Nagasaki City.

No. 17, 2 chOme, Horidomechb’

,

Nihombashiku, TOkyO.

Corn flour.

China rice and Chinabeans of allkinds.

Corea rice and Corea

beans of allkinds.

Fusan rice and other

cornS.

Corea rice and beans

of allkinds.

Corn flourandrice.

Rice, beans and smallredbeans.

COMMODITIES"EXPRTED FROM MPORTED TO. 26 3

CLASS 2.

BROW N SUGAR, W arm SUGAR, Boon CANDY SUGAR, LOAF SUGAR,LUMP SUGAR , MOLASSRS AND SYRUP.

Brown Sugar.

115,

W hite Sugar.

China227,

94

2,

as

Mola sse a n d

syr u p .

Total value of the latest Import 18

yen, andimportedchiefly fromHongkong.


Importei'

s of the Above M entioned Articles.

Commerc1alName.

or Owner.

(Kanagawa Ken)

Hirashimaya

(Osaka Eu)

i’

i

YOto Kwaisha

(Nagasaki Ken)

Irikiya Shéten W akiyama KeijirO

(T6111?) Eu’)

Iz umiya

AbeKahei

Masuda Masuz O

Kuwabara Fukuj iré

Yamada Kansbichi

KaburagiMatsunosuke

Mano Kihei

Yoshida Naotaré

Ota ShOhichi

Matsubara KIOBIJII'O

IShidRIShObei (Deputy)

Kagimoto Yoshibei

Iwaz aki Rihei (Head)

Kobayashi YaheiKitamura Kahei

GOtO ChObei

Kuribayashi Késukc

Nakamura Zenemon


Continued

CommercialName.

Yokota

Yoroz uya

Enshiuya

(YamaguchiKen)

Someya ShOkwai

Uriu

Name Of PrincipalPersonor Owner.

Uchida Tokunosuke

Matsumoto

Kawakita Hachiemon.

Yamamura Yae

Tonogi IchitarO

Hoshino Shinnosuke

Takeo SOsuke

Katabami Heibei

Takashima Kwanroku

Nakagawa Tamishichi

Tonogi Z anbalTamaki KObei

UriuTora

Harada TamasaburO

Kaneko Hidejird

SekineManjir6

KawamuraTahci

Toriumi Seiz aemon


CLASS 3.

Bu s, BRANDY, CHAMPAIGNE, CRINRSR LIQUOR, GIN, OLD-TOM

GIN, LIQURUR, BUM,CORRAN LIQUOR, SRRRRY, VERMOUTH ,

W RISRI , W INE, BISCUITS, BUTTER, Canaan, Com a,CON

rac'rromams AND Pansaavas, Fansa FRUITS , Fansn EGG S,

HAM, BAcON, KANTRNGUSA, CONDENSED MILK, DRSIOATRDMILK, MINRRAI. W ATERS

,Pm ,

SALT, SALTRD Frsm s,

SALTRD MEAT, TRA, GRRRN VRGRTARmS, AND Damn

Beer.

Countries.

811

Belgium

184,Germanydoz . 3

Great Britainyen

doz .

Hollandyen

Sweden andNorway

UnitedStates

Other Countries

Total

COMMERCEAND INDUSTRY I.

”

JAPAN.

CLASS 5.

BETEL-NUTS,BLEACHING POW DER, CANPHOR,

CINNAMON

BABE, CINNAMON OIL, LEAvEs OP CATARIA, CINCHONABARK,

CINCHONINE, CINNARAR, CLovEs, COD-LIVER , OIL ,CUTCH,

GAMRIER, CINGSENG, GLUE, GLTCERINE, ARABIC GUM ,

BENZ OIN GUM , DRAGON’

S BLOOD GUM, MYRRH CUM , OLI

RANUM CUM , GI PSUM, HOP , LIQUORISE, MAW ONO , Mor

PHINE, Ms , NABD ,

‘ PHOSPHOROUS AMORPHOUS, BROMIDEor POTASH , IODIDE OF POTASH, PUTCBUCK:QUININE, BHURARR BOOT, SATPRON, SANTONIN, SARSAPARILLABOOT, SOAPSTONE, BICARRONATE OF SODA

, CAUSTIC SODA, CRYSTAL SODA,SOJ

'

UTSU, STICRLAC, W AULING , ALO ESW OOD, SANDAL W OOD,SEMEN CTNAE, ANILINE DYES , BLUE (CHINESE, PRUSSIAN,

ETC ) , CARMINE, ErmaALD-GREEN, CALL-NUTS, GAMROGE,

DRY INDIGO, LIQUID INDIGO , W HITE LEAD, BED LEAD,

Ex TRACT OF LOGW OOD, MANGROVE BARR, PAm'r IN OIL,

SAFFLOW ER, SAPAN-W OOD, SMALT, COBALT, TURMELIC, ULTRAMARINR,

-VARNISH, YERDIGRDS, VERMILION, TAR, PITCH,

PUTTT, BLACK LEAD, YELLOW LEAD,COCHINEAL,

‘

W ANSHO

OR GOSU.

Aniline Dyes.

1887 1888

7

” my“ The total value Ci the latest importamountsA 026] .

to yen, and is imported chiefly from Ger

:s rafiz' The total Na1116 of the latest import

amounts to yen, and is imported chiefly from

Great Britain andGermany.

‘M ‘d’ The total value Of the latest importamounts“ tu b e

to yen, and is imported chiefly from Get

Snnpotm The total value of the latest import amountsto yen, and is importedchiefly .fromBritish

Vermilipn The t otalvalue Of the latest ilnport

,amounts to yen, and is imported

i

ohiefiyfrom China.

“wThe total value of the latest import

amounts to yen, andis immrtedchiefly from


Business Place.

2ch5me, Dbshiuchc, Higaslgku , DrugsandMedicines.

saka.

3ch5me, Déshiushd, Higashiku,

Osaka.

3chOme, DOShiuchO, Higashiku ,

Osaka2ch5me, Dbshiuchd, Higashiku ,

Oa ks .

Caustic Soda anddrugs.

NO . 15, 4 chOme, Bakurochd,

NO . 14, 4 ch5me, HonchO,NO. 4 , Iwatsukichd, Kandaku.

NO . 16 , 2chome, Honcho,‘

Nihon

NO . 10,lch5me, Sagaehb, Fukagawaku

NO . 37. Iserakichb, Fukaga aku.

NO . 1, 2 ch5me, Tachibauac 5,

NO . 8, Setomonochd, Indigo anddyeingMaterials.

NO . 10, Isech5,No. 1, 1 ch5me, Horidomecho,

Nihonbashiku.

NO. 7, 3ch61ne, Honkokuchb,Nihonbashiku.

Dyeing plants, grasses, etc.

NO . 12. Setomouocha.

COMMODITIES Rx poarnn FROM a; IMPORTED TO . 279

CLASS. 6 .

Kfi -Odm ' O'm, NAPTHA, SPIRIT or TURPENTINE, PARAPHINE OIL AND W Ax , BEAN OIL, CASTOR OIL , COCOA-NUT

O IL , GROUND-NUT OIL, OLIVE OIL, PALM OIL , VEGETABLE

W Ax , CANDLES, AND L'

ARD AND TARROW .

853.

U S A.

832

12

92 2 187

“ file The total value of the latest import amounts

to yen and is chiefly importedfromAustralia.

M i “ 0 11 The total volue Of the latest import

amounts to yen81 is chiefly importedfromIndia.


Importers of theAboveMentionedArticles.

CommercialName.

or Owner.

(Kanagawa Ken)Masudaya 0 0 0 AbeKObel c oo

Yorou

zuya

KaburagiMatsunosu

Mano KiheiYoshida Naotard

(HydgoKen)Inoue GumiBranchshop Of Inouye GumI

”

Osaka Hirano’

s BranchShop .

Osaka Iwa1 s BranchShopn 9) n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Yoshida Sh5ten.

HyOgo Branch Office Of MitsuiBussan Kwaish

'

a

Inouye GumiK5be Branch Ofice of OsakaKerosene OilCo.

HyOgO Branch Oflice of OsakaKerosene OilCO .

(Osaka Eu)Kerosene OilCO . Tamate Hiromichi (Head)

HiranoHeibeiIwai Bunsuke

(\ agasak1 Ken)Matsumotoya. Matsumoto Moritard

(TdkydEu)Iwade SObei

(KyOtO Eu. )Shibahara Ch5z abur5

(Yamaguchi Ken)

Murakami TeiMasuda YoneshiGot5Tsune

'

ir5Tsukuda Ni ei,Kakiz akiTenneshichi

Tanaka Kosuke (Manager)

Inouye Yasuz i‘iMatsumura Anki (Manager)

Ikoma Sada-pro


CLASS 7

Pmurlm Pam , Cumz ss Pm , n tn'

S'rnAW BOARD.

Countries.

97

if; The total value of the latest import amounts

to yen and is chiefly imported from

manyandGreat Britain.


CLASS 8.

Raw COTTON, COTTON ON THE Sni ps, COTTON YARN,

COTTON Tnnnans, CALICO , COTTON Dm ssx , COTTON

Dawns, COTTON Dncx , Cne sn COTTON Goons, ConnaN

COTTONGoons, COTTON SATIN, COTTONVELVET,GINOq ,

GRAY SHIRTING , W HITE SHIRTING, e nano SHIBTINO ,

TW ILLED SHIBTING , Drnn SHIRTING, Tan acnnnass, T.

CLOTHS , TURKEY-BEDS, VICTonu LAW N, ETC.

Countries.

18

2,26 ,3,

Siam

751 3

90 485

Cotton on the Seeds.

1889

271

471,18,2,

316

1,

1 10

249

126 ,

Cotton Velvet.

Germany5,

103 187

Total

The total value of the latest import amountsto yen and is imported chiefly from Great

Britain.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4 IMPORTED TO . 291

CommercialName.

(Osaka Eu)Nagai Cotton Co.

Osaka Branch Shop of

Bussan

Sakai Menyu Co.

Handa ShOten

MatsumotoJ1'

1tar6 BranchShop

Marnfuku Co.

Konishi Shirting Shop

(HyOgO Ken)

Name of PrincipalPerson

Konishi Hambei

W aida Sashichi .

Konishi Heibei

ItOMansuke

Takei Genz aburO

Konishi YOsuke

Takemura TObei (Head)

Nakahara KO

Konishi Heibei

Hirano JIutatoEnami Denshich

i

(Deputy)

Abe HikotarO (Head]

Minami Ichisuke (Manager)

Tomimura SaburokichiOhashi Kiheiji (Head)Handa Seisuke

Ishii ShOshichI

Iwata Yasutaro

Yamamoto Jihei


Continued

Business Place.

Genz OchO, Kitaku , Osaka .

1 chOme, Nakanoshima Kitaku,

Osaka.

KushiyachO, Sakai City.

4 chO Nishi, KaichO,2 chOme, HondachO, Nishiku ,

Osaka.

6 chO'

me, Tachiuribori, KitadOri,Nishiku , Osaka.

2chOme, KitakiutarochO, Higashiku , Osaka.

DaihojichO,Minamiku , Osaka.

4‘

chO‘

me, FushimichO. Higashi

ku , Osaka .

3 chOme, Imahashi, Higashiku ,

Osaka.

5chOme, FushimichO, Higashiku , Osaka.

Articles of Import .

China, India, andAmericaCotton.

RawCotton .

Cotton on

, ’

the seeds .

99

Bombay Cotton, andAmericaCotton.

Cotton on the seeds.

Calico, Turkey-reds, CottonSatin.

Calico andCotton Satin .

4 chOme, HonchO, Higashiku , Cotton velvet , cotton and silkOsaka. mix ture satin, Turkey-reds, and

4 chOme, FushimichO, Higashiku , Osaka.

cotton satin.

4 chOme, FushimichO, Higashi Cotton velvet, andcotton satinku , Osaka.

4 chO'

me, HiranochO, Higashiku ,

Osaka.

4 chOme, F11sl1imich6 , Higashiku , Osaka.

4 chOme, BingochO, Higashiku,

Osaka.

4 chOme, FushimichO, Higashiku, Osaka.

3 chOme,SakaichO, KObe.

2 chOme,

Cotton satin.

T. Cloths, andGray Shirting,W hite Shirting.


Continued

Business Place. Articles of Import.

Nagasaki City.

HonshimochO, Gray Shirting .

NO . 5, KabutochO,Nihonbashiku . Cotton, threds , and fabrics.

No. 14 , 2 chOme, HoridomechO, Cotton threads.Nihonbashiku.

1 chOme, KoamichO,2chOme, HoridOmechO,1 chOme, HoriechO,lchOme, KobunachO,No. 20, Rawcotton,

&cOttonon theseed,NO . 9, TOri,4 chOme, 1,

KoamichO,NO . 19, Nishinakach6 ,Asa.kusaku.

2 chOme, Nihonbashiku.

NO . 7 2chOme, Ginz a, Kyobashi Cotton Cloths.

NO . 3, TadokorochO, Nihon Shirting . cotton satin, and

bashiku cotton velvet.

No0 . 14 , Tarihatagochfi, Turkey-reds, calico, and v

NO . 1 , Shinz aimokuchO,NO . 1 , Tomiz awachO, Cotton velvet, calico, and

shirtings, etc.

NO . 9, HasegawachO,NO . 15, ShinnorimonochO,

NO . 16 , HasegawachO,NO . 10, ShinOsakachO,NO . 28, Tadokorocho,

No. 14, 2 chome, Horidomecho, Foreign threads, shirting,Nihonbashiku . cloths, andtwilledcotton cloths

Gojfisagar u EbisuchO, Shim Gray Shirting.

machi, ShimokyOku, KyOtO .

C O JIlIODII'IES’ EXPORTED FROM .5‘ IMPORTED TO . 295

CLASS 9.

W O OL , W O OLEN YARN, ALPACAS, BLANKET, BUNTINGS,C AMLETS CARDS, CAMLETS, CH INA FIGURES, FLANNELS,

ITALIAN CLOTHS, LASTINGS , LONG ELLS, LUSTRES, MOUSSE

L INE DE LAINE, ORLEANS, SERGES, SPANISH STRIPES, a

TRAVELLING RUGS, W OOLEN CLOTH, W OOLEN DAMASE,

B AL z ALINE, GRAPES , PONGEE, SATINS, SILE AND COTTON

M IXTURE SATIN, FLAx , HEMP, JUTE, FLAx AND HEMPY ARN, CANVAS , GUNNYBAGS , HEMPROPE, LINNEN, LINNEN

AND COTTON MIXTURES, CHIKUFU, CURTAINS, ELASTIC

W EBB INGS , MO SQU ITO -NETS, MO SQUITO -NETTINGS, O IL OR

LEATHER CLOTHS, O IL O R W AX CLOTHS, AND ALL OTHER

TEXTILE FABRICS AND THEIR MATERIALS, PATENT TA

PESTRv CARPET, FELT CARPET, VELVET CARPETS AND

OTHER CARPETS , COTTO N TABLE CLOTHS, W O OLEN TABLE

CLOTHS , HEMP OR JUTE CARPET, CHINAMATTINGS, COCOA

MATTINGS, PACKING MATS , AND OTHER MATS EOR FLOOR ,

B O OTS, SHOES , CH INESE BOOTS AND SHOES, HANDEER

CH IEFS, TOW ELS, BRACES AND SUSPENDERS, BUTTONS,

CAMFORTERS AND TIPPETS , GLOVES, HATS AND CAPS,NECKTIES, SHAW LS , SHIRTS , SLIPPERS , SOCKS AND STOCKINGS , COTTON UNDER-SHIRTS AND DRAW ERS , W ATER PROOF

COATS, ETC .

W ool.

Countries.

yen

B ritishIndia. 31?China $23

57

Germany $22?

Great Britain 3211?

cattyyen

cattyTotal !ven


W oolen Y arn.

Flannel.

1887 1888

Australia

Germany

Great Britain

UnitedStates

Other yardCountries yen

yardTotal gyen

6 18 446

1 ,080

312

3

1

96 4 1

194

7325

993 335l,605 345 175

80

907428

2

1


W oolen Cloths.

Countries.

Russia

Cotton and Silk Mix ture Satins.

Countries.

yardyen

yardyen

yardyen

yardyen

yard

yen

Switz erland.

yardyen

Other yardCountries. yen

yardTotal ” iven

France

0 01131211013AND INDUSTR1'

IN JA N.

Flax , Hemp and Jute.

1897 1888

India

7

H empym,

J u te

The total value of the latest importamounts to 91 736 yen, and is inported chiefly fromGreat Britain.

Cam a The total value of the latest import amountsto53,681yen, andis importedchieflyfromGreatBritain.

G u n n y Rt s se The total value of the latest importamounts to 82,454yen,

andisimportedchieflyfromIndia.

P a ck in g Ma“ The total value of the latest import

gr

idlounts to 96 ,776 yen, and is imported chiefly fromus .

The total value of the latest im

polt amounts to yen, and is imported chieflyfrom Great Britain.

Serg e-o The total value ofthe latest import amounts to58,922yen, and1s in1portedchiefly from Great Britain


Sheet Z inc.

Countries. 1887

catty

cattyBelglum

yen

cattyFrance

yen

a tttyGermanyyen 46

icatty

Britain yen

Other cattyCountries yen

1m ]

Countries.

catty

yen

Countries.

Australia

Austria .

Belgium

rance

Germany

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 1? IMPORTED TO . 307

Countries. 1 1887 1888 l1889 I 1890

269

14

Countries.

America.

366

293

1

413

134

Bar and Rod Iron.

Countries. 1887 1888 1889

cattyyen

cattyyen 25,catty 583,yen

catty 31

yen 665catty 30 29

yen 6 15 1

catty 67

yen 63


Importers of theAboveMentionedArticles.

CommercialXanie.

(HyOgo Ken)Kanedaya

Xagai

(TOkyO Fu)Illies

Raspe 8; CO .

Naigai YOtatsu Kwaisha

Iseya

Imaz uya

Sumiya.

Akaganeya .

Name Of PrincipalPersonor Owner.

Kaneda Sadashichi

Tominaga Ii isuke

Matsuap Kansuke

Hirano Seix O

Morimoto

Nakajima Yasunosuke

Nagai EitarO

Mayeda Kiyoter u

W akiyama Kaku

Tanaka Hisashige

Okura KihachirO

Minamikawa FukuzO

Morioka Heiemon

Yuasa

Kuwabara

Misaki

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM (5IMPORTED TO . 311

Continued

Business Place. Articles of Import .

Bar and rod, plate and sheet,

Iron nails, pig , bar, and rod

1 chOme.MOtOChO. Pig , bar, rod, plate, andsheet

iron, and z inc, etc.

Z inc.

chOme, SakaichO

chOme,

SannomiyachO,

NO . 15, 3 chOme, Tsukiji, KyObashiku.

No. 14, 2chOme, KobikichO. Metals of allkinds.

KyObashiku.

NO . 9, Minami KinrokuchO, Iron ing ot.

KyObashiku .

NO . 7, 2 ch5me, Ginz a, Iron, andsteel.NO . 15, 4 chOme, BakurochO,

NO . 28, 1 chOme, Honz aimoku Bar, plate, rod, andsheet iron.

0116 , Nihonbashiku . andiron 111111.

No. 10,TOri AburachO, SteelandIron nail.

NO . 8, 2 chOme, KodemmachO, Allkinds Of iron, z inc,

Nihonbashiku. tin plate, etc .

NO . 18, ZaimokuchO, Kandaku. Nickel, brass plate,,

lead, z inc.

tin, etc.

Iron nails, bar, rod, plate. and

sheet iron, steel, etc.

Pig , plate, sheet , bar, androd

iron, iron nail, steel, z inc, and

iron wares.

Iron ingot .


CommercialName.

Kinokuniya

Kugiya.

(Kanagawa Ken)


Kawai Hambei

Moritomo KMorita Uhei

Ami Hanshichx

Tsuchiya Zenbei

Takeuchi Kisaburé

Kawachi Sahel

SaigO Rokubei

Nakamura Jiubei

Umeoka ShOkichi

Miz uhashiTorakichi

Akiba

Yag ishita Tatsuz O

Murakami Ihei


CommercialName.

Mikawaya

Mikawaya

Tq Imoto Branch

(Yamaguchi Ken)Kumamoto Sh5ten

Name of PrincipalPerson

Tanaka Iwakichi

Suz uki Iehisaburo

Ikeda

Yamamoto TOsuke

Kishimoto Ishi

Nagasawa Tomiz O

Fujii Uhei

Onishi TOgorO

Tsuj imotoTsunetarO

Umemoto Riemon

Kumamoto Enchiro

COMMODITIES EXPO/( FED 1" cfi'

IMPORTED T0 . 315

Continued

Business

.

Place.

‘

f

No. 74 , 4 chome, Otamachi,

Yokohama

No. 7, lchome, Otamachi, Yoko

hama .

25, lchome, Sakaicho,Yokohama .

No. 1 1 , 2 chome, Sumiyoshicho,

lchome, Andojicho, Nishiku,

lchome, Kawaracho, Higashiku ,

Osaka.

lchome, Bingocho, Higashiku ,

Osaka.

2chome, Minamikiuhojicho,Higashiku, Osaka.

lchome, Andoj icho, Higashiku,

Osaka.

2chome, Minamikiutarocho,

Higashiku, Osaka .

4 chome, Honcho, Higashiku ,

Osaka.

[chome, Bingocho, Higashiku,

Osaka .

lchome, Bingocho, Higashiku,Osaka

Tachiuribori, Nishiku , Osaka

Koraibashitsumecho, Higashiku ,

Osaka .

Kwanonz akicho, Akamagaseki

Articles of Import.

Copper and iron .

Steel, and bar, rod, pig ,

sheet iron.

Bar, rod, pig . plate, and

Bar, rodandpig iron.

Bar androdiron.

Bar androd iron.

Iron nail.

Mercury.

Iron pipes andrailiron, etc.


CLASS ll.CHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS, DRAW ING INSTRUMENTS,MUSICAL

INSTRUMENTS, PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENTS, PHOTOGRA

PHICAL INSTRUMENTS , SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, SURVEYINGINSTRUMENTS, COPYING MACHINERY, MICROSCOPE, THERMOMETERS, STEAM VESSELS , SAILING VESSELS, ANCHO RS ,

CHAIN CABLES, CORDAGE FOR RIGGING, BALANCES AND

SCALES , CRUCIRLES, CUTTERY , GRINDSTONES, IMPLEMENTSO P FARMERS, IMPLEMENTS OF CARPENTERS, SMITHS. ETC . ,

MININGMACHINERY,PAPER-MARINGMACHINERY,PRINTINGMACHINERY, SEW ING MACHINERY, SPINNING MACHINERY,TELEGRAPHIC MACHINERY, ‘VEAVING MACHINERY, PUMPS ,STEAM BO ILER, STEAMENGINE, SAW INGMACHINERY, FIREENGINES , BARO METERS , CLOCKS , FIELD OR MARINE COM

PASS , OPERA OR FIELD GLASSES, SPECTACLES, W ATCHES,

TELESCO PE, IRON RAIL-ROD. CARRIAGES AND PARTS OF,

RAILW AY CARRIAGES, CARTS OR DRAGS FOR CONVEYANCEO P GOODS, AND LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES.

Countries.

France yen

Germany yen

Great Britain. yen

OtherCountries yen 307

Total yen


Steam Boiler and Engine.

Countries.

Belgium yen

France yen

Germany yen

Great Britain yen

Holland yen

United States yen

Total

Countries.

Corea

France

Gemlany

1889

43

Steam Vessels.

2

1 1 10

14

1

9

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4“ IMPORTED TO. 319

Countries.

1889 1890

No. 507 310

yen 859No.

yen

No. 814 646 169

yen

No.

yen 338

No.

yen

No.

yen 31 248

No.

yen

P r-ma klna w a y .

“ The total value of the latest 1mp0 1 t

amounts to yen, andis chiefly imported fromthe UnitedStates ofAmerica.

Corda g e of

RlsslnsThe total value of the latest 1mp0 1 t

amounts to anda chiefly importedfrom Hongkong andPhilippine Group .


Importers of the Above Mentioned Articles.

CommercialName.

or Owner.

(Nagasaki Ken)Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha Kaneko Yaichi (Head)

(TOkyOEu)Mosley andCo. Ishiz awa Tatsuo

Sasuga andCo. Sasuga ChOsuke

Illeis andCO . Maeda Kiyoteru

Mayoshi’

s W orkshop of Miyoshi ShOichiElectricalInstruments

W aci Shbkwai Iwata Takeo

Mitsui Bussan Kwaisha Mitsui YOnosuke

Oknra Kihachirc'

i (Head)

Naig-ai YOtatsn

Konishi

Takata andCo.

Takagi

Kaseya

Matsumoto Cibei

Sugiura Rokuemon

Takata Shinz b

Takagi Daig

Murai Tomoshichi

.322 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

Continued

CommercialName.

Omiya Takano Shiukichi

KyOya Miz uno Iwaz o

Fujita ShOten

Onishi Branch

TenshOdO Egawa

Tamaya Miyata TOEaemon

(Osaka Fu)

CLASS 12.

CATTLES, HORSES , DONKEYS, SHEEP, FOW LS, OTHER

ANIMALS, PLANTS , SHRUBS , HERBS , CORAL , AMBER, INDIARUBBER W ARE, LAMP , JEW ELRY, COPPER W ARE, BRUSHES,

FURNITURES, MATCHES , PERPUMED W ATER , HAIR OILS,

OTHER COSMETICS AND PERPUMERIES, PICTURES , SAD

DLERY , SHOE-REACHING, SOAP, TBA BASKETS , TRUNKS,

UMBRELLA, UMBRELLA STICKS AND HANDLES, W ASTE

COTTON, W ASTE COTTON YARN, FISHING GUTS , DRIED

SARDINE POB MANURE, FUNORI, RAW IND1A RUBBER,

SHEET INDIARUBBER , O IL-CAKES , SPONGES. MAPS , BOOKS,PENCILS, PRINTING INK, AND OTHER STATIONERY, BAMBoo, STONES, TIMBERS , RATTAN, BASETTA W OOD, RO SETTA

W OOD W ARE, CHALK AND W RITING, CLAY, OAKUM , CORKS,

Yasuda Genz aburfi

Oka Sue

Kitade Sakuprc'

)

Shibuya Oshiun

Tesa Zenshichi

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM IMPORTED TO . 323

Continued

3BusinessPlace. Articles of Import.

O . 9 , 3chOme, TOri, Clocks andwatches.

0 . 4 , 4 chOme, Ginz a, KyObashi

o. 17, 2 chame, Owarichc‘

i,o. 2, 4 chOme, Ginz a,

o . 16 , ShinnorimonochO,Xihonbashiku .

18, 2 chOme, KyO

Z

Z

Z

4

7 O

V.

o 14, 4 chOme, Ginz a,

5ch6me,Fushimich6 ,HigashikuOsaka

4 ch6me, HiranochO, Higashiku ,

Osaka .

4 chOme, TObutsuchO, Higashi Allkinds watches, andclocks.

ku, Osaka

4 ct e, MinamikyfihOjichO.Higashiku, Osaka .

4 ch‘

c'

ime, HiranochO, Higashiku ,

Osaka.

BRICKS AND TILES, CEMENT, COAL , COKES, CANNON, GUN,

CARTRIDGE, DYNAMITE, IMPLEMENTS OF HUNTING, FIRE

W ORKS , GUNPOW DER, W INDOW GLASS, PLATE GLASS,

LO OKING GLASS , BROKEN AND POW DER GLASS, GLASS

BEADS , GLASS W ARE, EARTHEN W ARE, AND PORCELAIN

“TARE, ANIMAL BONE, KINGFISHER AND PEACOCK FEA

THERS , FURS , ANIMAL HAIR , HUMAN HAIR , BUFFALOES

AND COW HIDES, HOOF, BUFFALO AND COW HORNS , DEER

HORN , RHINOCERO S HORN, SOLE LEATHER, OTHER

LEATHER , DEER SKINS , SANBA OR CEROUS ELEPUS SKINS ,

TEETH CF ELEPHANT, XARW HALTEETH , SEA' HORSETEETH ,

TORTO ISE-SHELL , TORTOISE-SHELL W ARE, IVORY W ARE,

ETC.


United15


Countries.

catty 25,yen

Ccatty

oreayen 570 52cattyyen

‘


Countries.

yen

No. 15Sweden

yen 36 10

United NO .

States yen

Other No. 56 520 295Countries. yen 268

Total No.

yen

W indow Glass.

Germany

Sole Leather.

Countries . 1888

China

East India

57,896

520

1


245 640

Hides-Buffalo 81: Cow.

1888 1889

1

1 21

98 705

257

States226

AllKinds of Leather.

Countries. 1887 1888 1889

yen

catty 2

yen 84

catty 313

yen 187

catty 5

1 6 ,92L 7

7 27

40


Countries.

2

1

1

172 1

78387 17

272 7

Towel-” Sheik The total value of the latest unport

amounts to chiefly from British India and

other countries.

Cor-tie The total value of the latest import amountsto chiefly from Italy.

The total value of the latest immrt

amounts to chiefly from Corea.

T imber a nd Pla n k The total value of the latestimport amounts to chiefly from United StatesofAmerica andSiam.

R am m The total value of the latest import amountsto chiefly from China.

Cemen t The total value of the latest import amounts

to chiefly from Germany andGreat Britain.

G un powder The total value of the latest importamounts to chiefly from Germany .

D yn amiteo The total value of the latest import

amounts to chiefly from Germany andGreat

Britain.


Continued

Business place.

No. 14, 4 ch6me, Tachibanachfi,Nihonbashiku

No.

«15, 3 chbme, Tsukiji, Kiobashiku

NO. 5, Kabutochfi, Nihonbashiku

No. 14 , 3 ch6me, T6ri,No. 7, 3 chfime, Ginz a,

Kio

No. 6 , Nakabashi HirOkOJI,No. 7 2 chfime, Ginz a,

N6:4 , Sakaichfi, N’

ihonbashiku

No. 15, 2chbme, Odemmacho,No. 9, 3 chéme, Ginz a, Kio

bashiku

No. 1, 3chfime, Minamidemma

0116 , KiobashikuNo. 9, 2 ch6me, Honkokuché,

No. 9, Riogaechb’

,

No. 11, T6riaburach6 ,No. 1, 1 chéme, T6ri,No. 127, Imadoch6 , .AsakusakuNo. 1 , Miyoshichfi,No. 3, Minamimotochfi,

NO. 1, 2 ch6me, Kodemmachfi,Nihonbashiku

NO . 4 , 3chame, Yokoyamaché,

NO . 11, 4 chéme, Tachibanaché,Vihonbashiku

Sunnries.

Fancy goods.

BOOks.

Sundries.

Sundries. and fancy goods.

Sundries.

kinds oflooking-glasses.

Glass, windovz-glass, and

kinds oflooking-glass.

Leather.

COMMODITIES EXPORTED FROM 4‘

IMPORTED TO . 331

Continuoi

(Osaka Fu)

(Hy6goKen)Tawaraya

Kiya

(Nagasakm

Y’Keiii

(Kanagawa Ken)

Name of PrincipalPerson or Owner.

Iwai Bananke

Ono Naoshichj

guchi Motonosuke

Iwai Matsunosuke

Iwata Mitsuz fi

Hata GimbeiMakino Yoshinosuke.

Hashimoto MatajirfiUdono Chiushichi

Kikuchi Kisaburc'

)

Inamatsu Matsunosuke

Iij ima EitarbMoriyama SashichiMatsushita Tomoj irb (Manager)Sekido Jiutarfi

Iwaoka TaljeSuz uki Benz ?)

Takenaka W asuke

Aoyagi JiuntarfiTsuji Késuke


Continued

Business place.

Yokohama

No. 41, 2 chame, Bentendéri,Yokohama

o. 19, 2chfime, Aioiché,o. 19, 4 ch5me, Kaigandéri,

’

o. 19, 1 chéme, Otamachi,o.

o.

1

V

12, 1 chéme,

34 , 2chame, Bentendfiri,x

vvv'

1 ch6me, Minami Horieshitadéri, Nishiku, Osaka

4 chfime.Minami Kiutaréchii,Higasliiku , Osaka

Kitakiuhfj ichfi, Higashiku,

3 chfinie, Dashiuché’

, Higashiku , Osaka.

Nishihamaché, Nishinarigéri

3 chame. Sakaicha, fiabe

4 cli’

fime, Kaigan,

Sannomiyachfi,

Kabashimaché, Nagasaki

Articles of Import.

Foreign fancy goods.

Sundries.

W indowglass.

Oil-cake.

O x CowHides


of Import and Ex port Duties, contained in theTrade Regulationsannex ed to theTreaties concludedby the aforesaid Powers withthe JapaneseGovernment in 1858, whichmodification is providedforby theVIIthof thoseRegulationsAnd the Japanese Government having given the said Represen

tatives, during their visit to Osaka in November 1865, a written

engagement to proceed immediately to theRevision of theTarifi in

q uestion on the generalbasis of a duty of five per cent on the

value of allarticles Imported or Ex portedAnd the Government of Japan being desirous of afiording a

fresh proof of their wish to promote trade and to cement the

friendly relations which ex ist between their country and foreignnations

Hrs Ex carmmcr M mz uno Inz nm no Kam, a Member of the

Gorojiu anda Ministerof Foreign Affairs, has been furnished by

theGovernment of Japan withthe necessary powers to concludewith theRepresentatives of the above namedfour Powers , that isto say

Of Great Britain

Sm Hans ! S Pu mas, Knight Commander of themost HonorableO rderof theBath, HerBritanicMajesty’sEnvoy Ex traordinaryandMinister Plenipotentiary in Japan

O f France

Mox smna LEON Rooms, Commander of the ImperialOrder of

the Legionof Honor, Minister Plenipotentiary of His MajestytheEmperor of the French in Japan

Of the United States ofAmerica

A. L . C. POB'

IMAN, Esq uire, Chargé d’

Afiairs adinterim;And of HollandMox smua Drax DEGBAEFF VAN Ponsnnos x , Knight of the Order

of the Netherlands Lion, PoliticalAgent andConsul-Generalof His Majesty theKing of theNetherlands :

The following Convention comprising TwelveArticles.

ARTICLE I.-The contracting parties declare in the names of

their respective Governments that they accept, and they herebydo formally accept as binding on the subjects of their respective

CUSTOM H0USE,MINISTER, AND CONSUL. 3135

Sovereigns, and on the citiz ens of their respective countries, theTarifi hereby establishedandannex ed to the present convention.

This Tarifi is substitutednot onlyfor the originalTarifi attached

to the Treaties concludedwith the above-named four Powers, but

also for the specialConventions andarrangements relative to the

same Tariff whichhavebeen enteredinto at different dates up to

this time between the Governments of Great Britain, France, and

theUnited States on one side, and the Japanese Government on

the other.

The newTariff shallcome into efiect in the port of Kanagawa

(Yokohama) on the 1st day of July nex t. and in the ports of

Nagasaki andHakodate on thelst day of the following month.

Aan cm: 11.—The Tarifi attached to this Convention being ia

corporated from the date of its signature in theTreaties concludedbetween Japan and the above named four Powers, is subject torevision on thelst day of July

,1872.

Two years, however, after the signing of thepresentConvention,

any of the contracting parties, on giving six months’

notice to the

others, may claim a re adjustment of the duties on Tea and Silkon the basis of 5per cent on the average value of those articlesduring the years last preceding. On the demandalso of any of

the contracting parties, the duty on timbermay be changed from"an advalorem to a specific rate six months after the signature of

this Convention.

ARTICLE IIL—The Permit fee, hitherto levied under the VlthReg ulation attached to the above-named Treaties, is herebyabolished. Permits for thelanding or shipment of cargo willbereq uired as formerly

,but willhereafter be issued free of charge.

Asrxcmc IV.—Ou andfrom thelst day of July nex t, at the port of

Kanagawa (Yokohama) ,andonandfrom thelstdayof October nex t,a t the ports ofNagasaki andHakodate, the Japanese Governmentwillbe prepared to warehouse importedgoods, on the applicationof the importer or owner, without payment ofduty. TheJapaneseG overnment willbe responsible for the safe custody of the goods,solong as they remain in their charge, and willadopt allthe

precautions necessary to render them insurable against fire

COMMERCEAND 11musmy IN JAPAN.

W hen the importer or the owner wishes to remove the goods

from the wherehouse, he must pay theduties fix edby theTarifl,

but if he should wishto te-ex port them,he may do so without

payment of duty. Storage charges willin either case be paid on

delivery of the goods. The amount of those"

charges, together

with the regulations necessary for the management of the said

W arehouses willbe established by the common consent of the

contracting parties.

ARTICLE V.—Allarticles of Japanese production may be con

veyedfrom any place in Japan to any of the Ports open to foreigntrade, free of any tax or transit duty other than the usualtolls»levied eq ually on alltrafi c, for the maintenance of roads or us.

vigation.

ARTICLEVI.—In conformity with those articles of the Treaties

concluded between Japan and Foreign Powers, which stipulatefor the circulation of foreign coin at its corresponding weight innative coin of the same description, dollars have hitherto beenreceived at the Japanese Costom-house in payment of duties attheir weight in Boos (commonly calledItchiboos) , that is to say, at

the rate of ThreeHundred andEleven Boos per HundredDollars»The JapaneseGovernment, being however desirous to alter thispractice and to abstain from allinterferrence in the ex change Of

native for foreign coin,and being also anx ious to meet thewants

,

both of native and foreign commerce, by securing an adeq uate

issue of native coin,have already determined to enlarge the Ja

paneseMint so as to admit of the JapaneseGovernment erchang~

ing into native coin of the same intrinsic value,less only the cost,of coinage, at the places named for this purpose, allforeigncoinor buillion in gold or silver that may at any time be tendered to

them by foreigners or Japanese: It being essentialhowever tothe ex ecution of this measure

,that the various powers withwhom

Japan has concludedTreaties should first consent to modify thestipulations in those Treaties which relate to the currency, theJapanese Government willat once propose to those Powers the

adoption of the necessary modification in the said stipulations,


the same year, allthe restrictions 0 trade andintercourse with

foreigners and Japanese alluded to in the said notes, have been

entirely removed, and proclamations to this effect have been

publishedby theGovernment of Japan.

Thelatter, however, do not hesitate to declare, the Japanesemerchants and traders of allclasses are at liberty to trade

directly, and without the interferrence of Government officers,

withforeign merchants, not only at the epen ports of Japan,but

also in allForeign Countries, on being authoriz ed to leave theircountry in the manner providedfor inArticle X. of the presentConvention, without being subject to higher tax ation by the

Japanese Government, than that levied on the native trading

classes of Japan in their ordinary transactions witheachother.

And they further declare that allDaimios, or persons in the

employ of Daimios, are free to visit, on thesame conditions,'

any

foreign country, as wellas allthe open ports of Japan, and to

trade there with foreigners as they please, without the interferrence of any Japanese emeer, providedalways they submit to theex isting PoliceRegulations and to the payment of the establishedduties.

ARTICLE X.—AllJapanese subjects may ship goods to or from

any epen port in Japan,or to and from the ports anyForeign

Power, either in vessels ownedby Japanese, or in the vessels of

any nation having a Treaty with Japan. Furthermore, on being

providedwith passports through the proper Department of the

Government, in themanner specified in the Proclamation of the

Japanese Government , dated the twenty-thirdday ofMay, 1866 , allJapanese subjects may travelto any foreign country for purposesof study or trade. They may also accept employment in any

capacity on board the vessels of anynation having a Treaty withJapan.

Japanese in the employ of foreigners may obtain Government

passports to go abroad on application to the Governor of any openport.

ARTICLE XL—The Government of Japan willprovide alltheports open to Foreign tradewithsuchLights, Buoys, orBeacons

CUSTOM HOUSE, MINISTER, AND CONSUL. 339

as may be necessary to render secure the navigation of the

approaches to the said ports.

Ann ama XlL— ‘

I'

he undersigned being of Opinion that it is

unnecessary that this convention should be submitted to their

respective Governments for ratification before it comes into

operation, it willtake efiect on and from thefirst day of July, onethousand eight hundredand six ty-six .

Each of the contracting parties having obtained the approvalofhis G overnment to this Convention, shallmake known the same

to the others, and the communication inwriting of this approval,shalltake the place of a formalex change of ratifications.

In witness whereof the above-named Plenipotentiaries have

signed the present Convention andhave afiix ed thereto their sealsDo ne at Yedo in the English, French, Dutch, and Japaneselanguages, this twenty-fifth day of June, one thousand eight

hundred and six ty-six .

[L. S .] HARRY S. PAKKES.

Her Britannia Maj esty'

s Envoy Edraordinary and Minister

Plenipolcntiary, in Japan.

[L . LEON ROCHES.

Minis!“ Plenipotentiare dc S. M. L’Empereur dc: Francats, cu

Japan.

(L . A. L . C. PORTHAN.

Charged’A

nfl

'

airs a . i. of the UnitedStates, inJapan.

(L ,D m: Guam van POLSBROEK,

Politic]: Agent en ConsulGeneraldef Nader-lander; in Japan.

(L . s.) MIZDUNO mz um no mun.


GoldandSilver Lace andThread.

Gums andSpices not namedinTarifi.

Lamps.

Looking Glasses.

Jewellery.

Machinery and Manufactures in Iron or Steel. Manufactures

of allkinds in Silk, Silk and Cotton, or Silk and W ool, as

Velvets, Damasks,Brocades, (kc.

Paintings andEngravings

Perfumery, ScentedSoap .

Plated W are.

Skins andFurs.

Telescope and Scientific Instruments.

W ines, Malt andSpirituous Liq uors, Table Stores of allkinds.

AND ALL OTHER UNENUMEBATED GOODS .


Flannels, Monpas, TwilledCotton Cloth, (HomeManufacture) .

Cotton Fabrics, Silk Fablics, Shippo W ares,Cotton and Silk

Mix tures, Clothings, Lacq uered W ares, Porcelain and Earthen

W ares,Bamboo W ares

,Copper W ares, Bronz e W ares

,Papers,

Fans, BoundFans, andUmbrella.

W ritings, Pictures, Leathers.

Jswelty, Stones, W ood, Clay, Pattans, Palm,Bones, Horns,

Shells, Tusks, Hides, Leathers, Hoofs, Feathers, Hairs, Papers,Threads

, Fabrics, W hale Fins, Amber, Corals, Pearls, Glasses, andother manufactures madewith metals or their alloys

,and other

manufactures made composed of other materials and the above

mentionedarticles.Sulphuric Acid.

Sulphur.

Coal.Drugs andMedicines (Ex cepting Camphor) . Dying Materials

Paintings, Glue, FishGlue, Candles allkinds of Japanese Inks,Inks used in Stamping, W ashing

-powder, Soap, Tooth-powder,Shoeblack.

AllArticles for MedicalUse, AllArticles for SchoolUse, Incenses

, Toilet Materials,Fabrics

,Knittings , Twined Articles,

Threads, Twines, Threads for Nets,Fishing Lines, Chords of

MusicalInstruments,allkinds of Rope.

Allkinds of W aste Papers .

Timbers, board, andPlanks, cut or dressed, etc.

W ires, Nails, Foils, and their plates of Metals .

Gems, Materials for Stamp, Glasses, Amber, Mica; Asbestoes,

Stones, allkinds of Clay, etc, Sand.

Allkinds of Ashes, Cement, Coke, Patent CharcoalDust, Lamp

black, Charcoal, Fuels, W ild Silkworm Cocoon,

W ild SilkwormSilk

,Cotton (ex epting Floss-silk ) , Flax , Hemp, and Jute.

Barks, Roots, Bulbs, Ears, Stems, Flowers, and Resnis of

Plant, Herbs, and Shrubs, the Snake Gourd, Bamboo, Bamboo

Barks,Coir

, Sago-palm Leaves, Persimmon Juice, Birds

’

Lime,

Rice-bran, Mox a,Oakum,

Powder of Gall-nuts,Corns, Green

Vegetables, Nursery Plants, Soyons, and Seeds, Fruits.

CUSTOM HOUSE, MINISTER, AND CONSUL 351

Victuals preparedfromCorns, Green Vegatables, Fruits, Stems,and roots

, andBottled andCannedVictuals.

Allkinds of Mush-rooms, ex cepting Shiitake, Confectionaries,allkinds of Liq uors, Venigars, Soy, Oils, andPreparedTobacco.

PressedGrounds.

Allkinds of‘

Birds, \Beasts. and Insect, Eggs, Meats, Lards,

Cheese, Butter, Honey, Bones, Horns, Feathers, Hairs, Shells,Conch-shells, Tendons, Tasks, Hoofs, Fishes Eggs, W hale Fins,Corals, Pearls, Fishes, andDriedBonito.

Sea-weeds, ex cepting Kobu, Tokoroten-gusa,andCalleVegetable.

Salt.Parcels Post.Ex cepting the above enuumerateddutiable andfree duty goods,

the advaloremduty of5 is imposedon allother goods.

That department which discharges the businesswith regard to the import andex port of the com

modities, and the clearing and entering of the

Japanese and foreign vessels , bound for foreign

countries at every open ports, and the affairs of the

foreign trade outside of the treaty ports, is called

the Custom House, and is established at the six

ports, Yokohama, Osaka, Kébe, Nagasaki, .

Niigata,

and Hakodate. The jurisdiction of each CustomsHouse, Customs House Law, Customs' House

Regulations, Custom’

s Shed Regulations, StorageRegulations, Revised Bounded NVarehouse Regula

tions, andTarifi of Storage Charge, shall be shown

in the following pages.


THEEXTENT UNDER EACH CUSTOMS HOUSE JURISD IC

TION (ISSUED BY THE IMPERIAL ORDlNANCENO . 204, ON THE SEPTENBER, 1890.

The ex tent of Yokohama Customs House Jurisdiction

The coasts of the Ogasawara Group and 11 provinces, viz . ,

Rikuz en, Iwaki, Hitachi, Shimdsa, Kaz usa, Awa, Masashi.

Sagami, Iz u, Saruga, andTotomi.

The ex tent of Osaka Customs House Jurisdiction

The coasts of 7 provinces, VIZ Mikawa, Owari, Ise, Shima,

Kii, Iz umi, andSettsu (portions east to Nishinarigdri.)

The ex tent of Kébe Customs House Jurisdiction

The coasts of 20 provinces, viz ., Settsu (portionswest toKawabegdri) , Harima, Biz en, Bitchin, Bingo, Aki, Nagato,

Iwami, Iz umo, Edhi, Inaba, Taj ima, Tango, Oki, Iyo, Tosa,Awa, Sanuki, andAwaji.

The ex tent ofNagasaki Customs House Jurisdiction

The coasts of 12 provinces, viz ., Hiz en,Higo, Chikuz en,

Chikago, Buz en,Bungo, Hiuga, Osumi, Satsuma, Iki,

Tsushima, andRiukiu.

The ex tent ofNiigata Customs House Jurisdiction

The coasts of 9 provinces, viz . ,W akasa, Echiz en, Kaga,

Noto, Etchiu, Echigo, Uz en, Ugo, andSado.

The ex tent of Hakodate Customs House Jurisdiction

The coasts of 13provinces, viz . , Oshima, Shiribesbi, Ishikari ,Teshio, Kitami, Nemuro, Chishima, Kushiro, Tokachi,

Hidaka, Iburi, Bikuchu, andMutsu.

CUSTOM-HOUSES .

LawNo. 80.

(DatedSept. 6 ths 1890, having force on and afterNov. 10 of the year. )

ARTICLE 1.—Matters relating to the entrance and clearance of

vessels of foreign buildandvessels of Japanese build which navi

gate between this and foreign countries, as wellas to the ex port

andimport of goods at open ports shallbe under the jurisdictionof a custom-house.

ARTICLE2.—Matters relating to thecontrolof foreign trade at any

‘354 COMMERCEAND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

eachbreachof this regulation the ofiender shallbe punished withfines or penalties eq ualin amount to the originalvalue of thegoods.

ARTICLE 8.-Persons who have transportedgoods between epen

ports in aoccordancewith theRules of Custom-houses, who have

lost or mislaid the certificate of transport, andwho do not takethe prescribedaction within the period mentioned in the Rules,shallbe punishedwithfines or penalties eq ualto five-hundredth.

(786 ) of the originalvalue of the goods so transported.

ARTICLE 9.- Persons wholand importedgoods notmentionedin

invoices shallbe punishedwithfines or penalties eq ualto the im

port duty on suchgoods, in addition to forfeiting thelatter .

ARTICLE 10.- W here goods the ex port ofwhich

’

is prohibited, areex ported, or theloading orlanding of ex port or import goods takesplace at a port not opened, against laws and orders, such goods

shallbe forfeited.

W heregoods arelandedwithoutobtaining alicenceforlanding inaccordancewith the Rules of Custom-houses

,or goods areloaded

without obtaining alicence forloading or for transport, or goods

are importedwithout obtaining alicence for import, such goods

shallbe forfeited.

ARTICLE 11.— W here prohibited goods, or goods which should

bear duty but are not mentioned in theletter of noticeof ex port

and import, or in the document which enumerates the goods

brought, are concealed in an ex port or import package they withthe packageshallbe forfeited.W here goodswhichshouldbear duty are concealed in travellers'

luggage suchgoods shallbe forfeited.

The application of the PenalCode shallnot be interferedwithby this article.

ARTICLE 12.—If:goodswhich shouldbe forfeited are already sold

or consumed, their price shallbe imposedARTICLE 13.

—If the Chief of a Custom-house considers it tobe

necessary for carrying into practice this law or the Rules of

Custom-houses, hemay suspend the departure of vessels, or orderan inspector of the Custom-house bywrit to seiz e goods designed

for transport or for ex port or import.

ARTICLE 14.—Inspectors of Custom-houses may go on board

003TOM H0USE, MINISTER, AND CONSUL.

vessels entering ports to inq uire into necessary matters andex

amine the interior of suchvessels, or conduct inspection on board

such vessels.

The master of such a vesselshallprovide a cabin for such

inspector and shalltreat him properly.

ARTICLE 15.—Should the inspector of a Custom-house knowof

the ex istence of, or believe that there are in ex istence smuggled

goods , he may takemeasures for finding proofs of a breachof the

Rules by entering houses or other places.

Inspectors of Custom-houses shallcarry a badge to show their

oflice, in the cases mentioned in thelast and in this article.

ARTICLE 16 .- The Chief of a Custom-house may pronounce a

decree against persons who contravene this law or theRules ofCustom-houses

,ordering them to bring to such Custom-house

money eq ualto the fines or penalties imposed orthe goods to beforfeited,

or the cost of conducting an ex amination into a breach

of thelawor Rules.

ARTICLE 17.—Persons thus ordered shallproduce a letter of

receipt whether they obey such decree or not, within two days,Custom-householidays being ex cluded.

Should they obey such decree the goods shallbebrought thesame day, and the money shallbe paid within tendays.

Should they refusetoobey, or producetheletter of receipt withinthe periodmentioned in paragraph I, or to bring in themoney orthe goods, the Chief of such Custom-house shallappealto the

Authorities.

ARTICLE 18.- W hen the Chief of a Custom-house conducts an

e x amination into an alleged ofience he may summon the ofiender,

witnesses, and other persons concerned.

The Chief of a Custom House shallappealto theAuthorities in

regard to any offence if the decreementioned in Article 16 cannotbe carried out owing to the non-attendance of the ofiender, wit

ness, or other person concerned, or if objections are raised.

ARTICLE l9.—The costs of ex amination into an ofience by the

Chief of a Custom House shallbe reckoned and decidedin se

cordancewith the process adopted in criminaljudgments.


ARTICLE 20.—In the case of oflences against this law andthe

Rules of Custom-Houses, the provisions as to mitigations, aggravation by second offence, and simultaneous ofiences, mentionedinthe PenalCode, shallnot beapplied.

ARTICLE 21 .-Matters relating to vessels navigating betweenthis

and foreign countries, vessels navigating coastwise ; goods forex

port aud import, the remission of duty, release fromduty, andtentative duty

,ex cept those mentioned in this law, shallbe

regulatedby the Rules of Custom-houses.

Fines or penalties under yen 100maybe provided in the Rulesof Custom-houses.

ARTICLE 22.- The Rules of Custom-houses shallbe decidedby

ImperialOrdinance.

SURRLEMENTART RULES.

The paragraph in theRules of Merchant Shipping , Notification

datedJanuary 27th, the 3rd year of Meiji,whichdealswiththe

prohibition of navigation to foreign countries without licence,NotificationNo. 123, the 7thyear ofMeiji

, NotificationNo. 20, the

8thyear of Meiji, Notification No. 103

,the 8thyear ofMeiji, and

Notification No. 149, the 9th year of Meiji, shallbe abolishedonandafter the day onwhich thislawshallcome into force.

CUSTOMS REGULATIONS.

(Promulgatedon the 6 th September, 1890, having forceonand afterNov. 1 , of the year)

CHAPTER I.

Ships engaged in foreign navigation and goods of

import and ex port.ARTICLE 1 .

—W ithin forty-eight hours after the arrivalat anyport of a ship engaged in foreign navigation,

the master there0f

shallmake at the Custom House the ship'

s entry andpresent themanifcst of Cargoes, and at the same time, he shalldeposit at theCustom House other ship’

s papers ( certificates of registry) and

the clearance permit of the port of origin or otherdocumentwhich

may be substituted for the same. and shallpay the entry feeoffifteen yen, ex pecting in the case where the vesselclears theP0“


ceding paragraph, or for other unavoidable cause, or of sellingdamaged goods, or of shipping any supplies necessary for the

ship, the formalities of entry and clearance shallnot be req uired.

But in case oflanding, shipping or transhipping any other goods

or of selling the goods temporarilylanded the formality prescribedby Art. 1 . shallbe observed and the entry fee paid on clearing,

the

formality prescribed shallalso be observed and_

by Art. 3. the

clearance fee paid.

ARTICLE 9.—No foreign-

going ship mayland,ship or tranship

any goods between sunset and sunrise or on Custom'

holidays,without Specialpermission from the superintendent of Customs.

During the hours and days mentioned in the preceeding paragraph,

the batches and allplaces in the ship where the goods arestowed shallbe closed and sealedby the Inspectors of Customs.

ARTICLE 10,

— W hen any foreign-

going ship is compelled to takeshelter in a port not opened to foreign commerce, the master

thereof shallgive to the localmunicipalauthorities or to the

harbour ofiice a written statement, as to the causes of his entering

the port. In case of necessary supplies being shipped, a list ofthese articles shallbe presentedand certified to by the aforsaid

authorities or office and on the arrivalof the vesselat an open

port it shallbe handed to theCustom House.

ARTICLE 11 .— Should any owner of a ship wishes to makeher

a foreign-going vesselor to convert a foreign

-going ship into a

home-trading ship,he shallapply to the Custom House for the

inspection of the ship and there obtain the permit.ARTICLE 12.

— In order to ship any goods for ex port, the ex portentry shallbe made at the Custom House. After ex amination of

the actualarticles and the collection of duties according to the

ex port tarifi,the ex port permit shallbe granted.

ARTICLE 13.-No goods of foreign produce which are to be

reex portedabroad, prior to the formality for import entry having.

been observed,are required to pay ex port duties, providedthat a

written statement with reference thereto has been given to the‘

Custom House and the ex port permit duly obtained after the

necessary ex amination.

CUSTOM HOUSE, MINISTER, AND CONSUL . 359‘

ARTICLE l4 .-Supplies for the use of ships are not required to

pay ex port duties, provided that the respective masters observe

the formality prescribedby the preceeding Article.

ARTICLE 15.- In order toland any goods of import, an import

entry, to which the invoices of the goods must be attached, shallbemade at the Custom House and the goods shallbelanded after

obtaining thelanding permit. Delivery of thegoods shallbe taken,

after their ex amination, the collection of duties according to the

import tarifi and the grant of the import permit.The aforesaid invoices shallbe returned to the owner

,after the

formality for the import entry of the goods has been gone through.

ARTICLE 16 .— Any goods being home produce, brought back

from abroad,are

,when fulfilthe conditions stipulated below, not

req uired to pay import duties , providedhowever that the formalityprescribedby the preceeding Article be observed1. W hen the goods preserveunaltered, the nativeand character

which they bore at the time of their ex port.2. W hen they are brought back within the period of five years

from the day of their ex port.

3. W hen the owner holds the originalex port permit of the'

goods.

ARTICLE 17.—Ex cepting '

articles free of duty, no good shallbeallowed to be imported

,unless their invoices are presented ; it may

however be allowed as an ex ception, should the superintendent of”

Customs recogniz e the inability from whatsoever cause arising,

of the owner to present the invoices,and thelatter bewilling to

pay duties according to the q uantity, measurement or value of the

goods as directedby the Customs ofiicers.

ARTICLE 18.— W henever the Custom House authorities consider

the originalvalue of any goods, liable to an ad valorem duty,insufficient, the Customs Appraisers shallplace a value thereon,

and the owner shallpay duty according to that valuation.

If the owner refuse to pay duty according to the valuationmentioned in the preceeding Paragnaph,

he may apply for the“

purchase of the goods by the Custom House under the samevaluation, ex cept in the cases provided for by Article 17.


ARTICLE 19.—Any foreign-

going ship wishing to tranship goods4 0 or from any other ships shallapply to the CustomBouss ia

writing and obtain a transhipment permit.Suchpermit is not req uired when any goods are transhipped

f rom amailsteamer to barges orlighters of the shipping companytowhich they belong.

ARTICLE 20.—In claiming any reduction of duties on anydutiable

goods on account of damage, the application must bemade, beforethe ex amination of the goods takes place, to the superintendentot ‘

Cu'

stoms,who shallcause the Customs’ Appraisers to survey the

ex tent of thedamage to thegoods andreduce theduties accordingly.

ARTICLE 21 .—purchasers of any ship’s store from foreign ships

of war shallobtain from the selling party a certificate to be

presented at the Custom House,together witha written statement

of the fact,andpay import duties thereon.

ARTIELE 22.—No gold or silver bullion being of homeproduce

shallbe allowed to be ex ported,unless such bullion has been

publicly soldby the Government .

ARTIELE 23.

-No written application shallbe req uired for

rpassenger’

s luggage, either in landing or shipping ,providedthat

it be submitted to the ex amination of the Customs Inspectorsbefore passing through the Custom House. Any articles not

considered by the Custom House to be personaleffects necessaryfor travellers shallbe charged the duties due thereon.

ARTICLE24 .

—Any goods temporarilylanded for the purposeofrepairing a ship or on account of her unavoidable causes, provided:for by Article 8, shallbe deposited at the Custom House.

No formality for import or ex port entry is req uired in landingo r reshipping the goods mentioned in the preceeding pam

graph, but themaster of the ship shallp ny to the Custom House

.allthe ex penses connectedwith the custody of the goods.

W hen the goods mentioned in the first paragraph are to be

sold,the formality prescribedby Article 15must be observed and

the duties must be paid thereon.

ARTICLE 25.- In order to transport goods between open port?

siby a foreign

-

going or foreign owned ship an application shah


In case the transportation permitmentioned in the preceeding

paragraph can not be presented at the Custom House at the portof destination

,on account of its being lost or left behind, a

written statement to satisfy the superintendent of Customs shallbe deposited at the Custom House.

The aforesaid statement willbe returned upon presenting thetranSportatiou permit or, instead of this, a certificate madeby the

Custom House at the port of origin,within fourmonths from the

date of the deposit of the aforesaid statement.

ARTICLE 30.—Should it be necessary to send, a foreign

-going

ship from an open port to an unopened port, be it for repair or forthe purpose of shipping or discharging heavy materials, whichcould not be conveniently done at the open port, an applicationshallbemade in writing to the superintendent of Customs for

specialpermission.

CHAPTER II.

Home-trading ships,and transportation of goods forwhichthe

formality of import entry has not been observed.

ARTICLE ISL- W ithin twenty four hours after the arrivalinport of a home-trading ship , the master thereof shallmake theentry of the ship at the Custom House and at the same time

deposit therein allthe ship’s papers.

ARTICLE —The master of a home-trading ship shall, withinfour hours previous to the departure from port, give noticeof

clearance to the Custom House and recover allthe ship’s papersdeposited therein.

ARTICLE 33.—For shipswhicharenot req uired tohave certificates

of registry, and for those built inEuropean style, but under onehundred tons burden and plying regularly between certain fix ed

ports, the owners can dispensewith the formalities prescribedby Articles 31 and32, provided that they have previously appliedto

,and obtained permission from the Custom House.

ARTICLE 34.—In order to clear a home-trading ship with good!

for which the formality of import entry has not been observed,

themaster thereof shallsend into the Custom House two copies


of thedeclaration of the cargo so carried, observing at the same

time the formality prescribedbyArticle 32.

ARTICLE 35.— Ou arrivalof the ship mentioned in the preceeding

Article at the port of destination, the master thereof shallsendinto the Custom House the declaration of the cargo so brought

observing at the same time the formality prescribedbyArticle31 .

ARTICLE 36 .—In transporting between open ports by a home

trading ship any goods for which the formality of import entryhas not been observed

,an application

'

shallbe made in writingto

,and a shipping permit obtained from the Custom House.

Inlanding the goods mentioned in the preceeding paragraph,

the stipulations of Art. 15; and, in transporting the same, the

stipulations of Art. 19. shallbe observed.

CHAPTER III.

PenalProvisions.

ARTICLE 37 ,

— Should a foreign-

going ship have neglected the

formality of the ship’s entry within the period specifiedby Art. 1,

the mhster thereof shallbe fined six ty yen.

For every twenty four hours that he shallhave neglected toenter the ship he shallbe fined the same amount.

ARTICLE 38.

- If the sealor look fastenedby Inspectors of Customs

,as provided for by the second paragraph of Art. 9

, shallhave been broken open or taken off, the master thereof shallbefined s

'

ix ty yen.

ARTICLE 39.

— Any person who shallhave transhipped any goods

without obtaining the transhippment permit, prescribed by Art.

19 and by the second paragraph of Art. 36 , shallbe fined the same

amount as provided for by the preceeding Article.

ARTICLE 40.— In the case provided for by the first paragraph

of Art . 8. should a foreign-going ships have neglected to report

the cau ses of entry into a port, within the period specified, the

master thereof shallbe finedfifteen yen.

ARTICLE 41 .

— Should a foreign-going ships, in the case provided

for by Art. 10, have neglected to obtain the certificate from the

localmunicipalauthorities or harbour office ; or, after obtaining

COM'

ME’

RCEAND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

the same, have neglected to present it to the Custom House, the

master thereof shallbe fined fifteen yen.

ARTICLE 42.-Should a home-trading ship have neglected the

formality of the ship’s entry within the period specified by Art.

31, or that of clearance before the period specifiedby Art. 32, themaster thereof shallbe fined five yen.

CHAPTER IV.

Miscellaneous Provisions.

ARTICLE 43.

-Any person who shallbe dissatisfied with the

valuation made by the Customs Appraisers, relative to the classification of goods of import and ex port, may apply to the superiatendent of Customs for a modification

,within ten days from the

day on which suchvaluation has been made.

Any person who shallbedissatisfiedwith themodification made

by the superintendent of Customs,may apply to the Minister of

Finance for his decision, within thirty days from the day on

which themodification was made in this case the modification

certificatemust accompany the application.

ARTICLE 44.—The officers of Customs can

,whenever they think

it req uisite, retain as samples at the Custom House, smallportionsof any goods of import and ex port.ARTICLE 45.— Allthe documents to be presented at the Custom

House, in conformity with the present Regulations, shallbewritten in the form prescribed by the Custom House and be

signed and sealedby the owner ormaster of the ship or by the

owner of the goods.

ARTICLE 46 .—For allpermits or deplicate permits and allother

certificates issued by the Custom House, the applicant shallpay,for eachcopy, a fee of one yen and fifty sen.

ARTICLE 47.—The period specified by days and hours in the

present Regulations shallex clude therefrom the Custom holidays,and the period specifiedby years andmonths shallinclude thereinsuchholidays.

ARTICLE 48.—'1‘hehours during which business is transactedat

the Custom House shallbe from ten o’

clockin themorning to four

o’

clock in the aftrnoon every day ex clusive of holidays ; an applica


THE SPECIAL PERMISSION FEE ACCORDING TO THE 9Tn AND

4m ARTICLE or TEE CUSTOM Housn REGURATION. (TEE

TREASURY DEn RTMENTu . ORDINANCE No. 22, IssuED IN

SEPTEMBER

SpecialPermission fee for theloading anddischarging of goodson ordinary days,

from sun-set to sun-rise per 1 hour .yen

Onlholidays,from sun-rise to sun-set per 1 hour .yen

fromsun-set to sun-rise

Specialpermission fee for the ex tra opening of the Custom

House ordinary days,from 4 PM .

past6 A.M. 10 AM.

In case the Custom House is epen from preceding day, it isotherwise.

Onholidays,from 10 A.M. 4 RM. yen

6

12

past 126 10 A.M

(Thelast feewith the following provisionalclause wereaddedby theDepartment Ordinace of theTreasury No. 40, issued

In case the Custom House is open from preceding day it isotherwise.

Specialpermission fee in the Custom House detachedofiicefor

theloading anddischarging of goods on ordinary days,from sun-set to sun-rise per 1

‘

hour .yen

On holidays,from sun-rise to sun-set per 1 hour

sun-set sun-rise


For the ex tra opening on ordinary andholidaysfrom sun-rise to sun-set per 1 hour

sun-set sunorise

CUSTOM’

S SHED REGULATIONS.

7'I‘H SEPTEMBER ,1872.

ARTICLE I.— The hours for the delivery of goods, wares, or

marchandiz e, temporarily placed in the Custom’

s Shed shallbefrom sunrise to sunset, Sundays andHolidays ex cepted.

ARTICLE 11 .

—Allgoods, wares, ormerchandiz e ex cept as herein

after providedin Art. IX. of theseRegulations, may,fornotlonger

time than twenty-four hours, he placed in the Custom’

s Shed, in a

place to be designatedby the ofiicer in charge thereof.

ARTICLE III.— W arehouses willbe provided, to which, after the

ex piration of the twenty-four hours above mentioned, allgoods,wares

,or merchandiz e, ex cept as hereinafter provided in Art. IX

of theseRegulations, may, with the consent of theofiicer in charge

of the Custom’

s Sheds, be removed by the owners or consignees

for a further period of the more than forty~eight hours, during

which time goods so storedwillbe free of W arehouse charge, but

at the risk of the owners or consignees.

ARTICLE IV.

—Allgoods,wares, ormerchandiz enot removedfrom

the Sheds, as provided in Art. 11,may, after the ex piration of

twenty-fourhours, be removedby theSuperintendent of Customs,

at the risk and ex penses of the owners or consignees, to the

temporary werehouses mentioned in Art. 111, where they willbeallowed to remain for a further period of forty-eight hourse, at theex piration ofwhich they may be treatedas provided in Art. V of

theseRegulations.

ARTICLE V.—Allgoods, wares, ormerchandiz enot takendelivery

of from the godowns within the forty-eight hours mentioned in

Art. III, may be sent by the Superintendent of Customs to the

BondedW arehouse, at the ex pense of the owner or consignee, andbe there stored, subject to theBonded W arehouse Regulations.ARTICLE VL—Allgoods, wares, or merchandiz elanded at the

Port of Yokohama andnot claimedwithin seventy-twohours from


time of landing, may be be removed by the Superintendent ofCustoms to a warehouse to be styled “The W arehouse forUn

claimed Goods,”

and there stored at the risk and ex pense of theowner or consignee thereof, for a term of one year

,at the ex pira

tion of which they may be disposed of,as providedbyArt. XIV

of the Bonded W arehouseRegulations oflst March,1869.

ARTICLE VIl. —The Japanese Government willt ake reasonablecare of allgoods, wares, or merchandiz e thatmaybein their charge

during seventy two hours afterlanding, butwillnot be responsiblefor the safe custody of any goods not stored in the Bonded

W arehouses.

ARTICLE VIII.— W hen

,owing to the inclemency of theweather,

or for other good reason,to be shown to the satisfaction of the

Superintendent of Customs, it would be a hardship strictly toenforce the provisions ofArt. 111 as to removalof goods from the

Shed, the Superintendent of Customs may ex tend the time therein

mentioned, so nevertheless, that no goods, wares, ormerchandiz eshall, under any circumstances, remain in the charge of the

Customs Authorities (unless stored in the Bonded W arehouses)for alonger period than seventy two hours.

ARTICLE IX.—The goods enumerated in Art. XVIII of the

Bonded W arehouse Regulations of lst March, 1869, willon noaccount be received into the Customs

’

Sheds or temporary W are

house, but must be taken delivery of immediately they arelanded.ARTICLE X.

—In case of neglect by the owner or consigneeto

take immediately delivery of the goods referred to in Art. IX of

thoseRegulations, the Superintendent of Customs,mayhave such

goods removed toa place of safety , either on shore or afloat, andallex penses attending the removaland storage of such goods

shallbe paid by the consignee or owner, at suchenhancedrate38

the Superintendent of Customs maydecide upon.

ARTICLE XL—No goods, wares, ormerchandiz e shallbeplacedinthe thoroughfares of theCustoms

’ promises,andno horseorvehicle

shallbe allowed to occupy the thoroughfares.

ARTICLE XII—Smoking is strictly prohibited in the Customs'

Sheds andW arehouses.

COMMERCEAND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN:

must be paidbefore delivery can be authoriz ed by the Custom

House. Every application for delivery must Ibe made to the

Customs Authorities in the formmarked D,

’andon being passed

by the Customs, the applicant must take immediate delivery ofthe goods therein named.

ARTICLE 6 .—Thewarrants given for the goods deposited

’

In the

B'

ondedW arehousesmaybemadeout in one, or asmanydocumentsas the owner of the goods may req uire. Thewarrants shallbeprinted, andwillbe issuedby the Japanese Customs at a charge

of oneboo for eachwarrant.Am en 7.

—Goods of a lower value than five hundreddollarswillnot be receivedinto theBeadedW arehouses.

ARTICLE8.—At the timeof delivering thegoods, a slip centaining

particulars of the storage charges due on each specific deliverywillbemadeup at the office of theBondedW arehouses andhanded

to the owner or consignee.

.ARTICLE 9.—As soon as the goods are landed,

they willbe inthe charge of the Japanese Customs Authorities, who willberesponsible for their safe custody and due delivery, risks fromfire and convulsions of the. elements alone ex cepted.

ARTICLE 10.—Damaged goods must be storedwithout detriment

to other goods, and on such conditions as the CustomsAuthorities

may find it necessary to impose upon the owner.

ARTICLE 11.—Allorders for delivery should bear the same

signature as the W arehousing Entry, or that of an employédulyauthoriz ed to sign

' for the firm inwhose service he is, in which

case,written notice of the employé being so authoriz edmay be

required to be furnishedby the firm to the Superintendent of theBonded W arhouse.

ARTICLEl2.—Ou the occurrence of a change of ownership in the

goods stored in the Bonded W arehouses,a formaldeclarationof

the changemust be endorsed on the warrant, which, when thus

endorsed, must be ex hibited to the Superintendent of theBondedW arehouses, whowilltake note of the transfer.

CUSTOM HOUSE, MINISTER, AND CONSUL.

ARTICLE 13.—In the event of theloss of awarrant orwarrants,

notice must be given to the Superintendent of the Bonded

W arehouses; who willstop the delivery on such document, and

after the holder has made every endeavor, by public advertise

ment, or otherwise to obtain thewarrant solost a freshdocumentwillbe re-issued up on application made by the originalownerto that eflect

,hehanding at the same time awritten undertaking,

holding the Customs Authorities harmless, should the originaldocument be produced.

ARTICLE 14.—TheCustom HouseAuthoritiesmayrefuse to allow

merchandise to remain in theBondedW arehouses for alonger termthan one year. If the goods should not be cleared within that

period, or withinsuch,ex tension of it, as the Custom House

Authorities may see fit to grant, the latter may authoriz e the

public sale of the goods, on giving one month’

s notice to the

holder of the warrant or warrants representing the said goods,

or, in his absence,to his Consul

,and alsoby notification of the

same at the Custom House and Bonded W arehouses, or in any

newspaper published on the spot. Allduties and charges due

upon the goods, togetherwith.

the ex penses of sale and notifich

tion of the same willbe paidout of theproceeds, and the balance,it any, willbe reserved for the party Cr parties towhom the

‘

goods

belong, subject to a reduction of one per cent permonth,as a fee

to the Customs for retaining charge of the same.

ARTICLE 15.—The BondedW arehouses willbe Opendaily duringthe usualhours of business at the CustomHouse, ex cepting onSundays

,and suchpublic holidays and festivals as maybe publicly

announced. But any goods, for which a W arehousing entry hasalready beenmade, landed afterbusiness hours tillsunset, willbestored in the W arehouses by the ofiicer in charge.

ARTICLE 16 .—The storage charges, untilfurther notice, willbe

those of the annex ed scale. The smallest charge willbe for halfamonth, and any

'

number of days under 15willbe chargedas

half amonth.

ARTICLE 17.—Every facility willbe given to owners of goods to

inspect andobtain sample packages of the merchandise storedby

COMMERCE. AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

them in the Bonded W arehouses, but no sample can be taken

from the Bonded W arehouses without a written order from the

owner or consignee, accompanied by the warrant if called for,

req uesting delivery of the same.

ARTICLE 18.-The undermentioned goods willnot be received

into the Bonded W arehouses. Allgoods free of duty, Buildingmaterials, Gunpowder, . Saltpetre, Chemicals, Tar, Pitch, Seeds,Oils, Liq uid,

Indigo,and suchother articles as are of an ex plosive,

inflammable,or otherwise dangerous character.

ARTICLE 19,—If the JapaneseAuthorities suppose that goods in

cases or packages difier in their contents from the W arehousing

Entry, they may at any time Open and inspect the same, due

noticehaving been given to the owner, so that hemay be presentat suchinspection. And in the event Of any error having been

made either in the descriptions of goods or number of pieces, theownermust pass a fresh W arehouseEntry for the same onwhicha fee of 10 boos willbelevied.

ARTICLE20.- In the event of any article placed in the Bonded

W arehouses becoming putrid or otherwise ofiensive, noticemust

be given by theJapaneseAuthorities to the owner, who must payduty on the same

,and take delivery of such forthwith

,and if,

within two days of suchnotice the same be not taken away, twoforeign surveyers willbe called in to survey the goods andtheCustom HouseAuthorities willdealwith the goods as the sur

veyers recommend. The ex pense of such survey willbepaidbythe owner of suchgoods .

ARTICLE21 .—TheBonded W arehouse willbe Open for storage

of Japanesemerchandise brought from the other open ports ofJapan

,in foreign vessels only , for re-ex port in their originalpack

ages, in the same manner and on the same conditions as mer

chandise imported from foreign countries. No package, however, willbe receivedunless in a soundandsecure condition.

ARTICLE22.—Persons transacting business at theBondedWare

houses willbe required to use the printed forms prescribedbytheregulations. Theseforms can always beobtainedat theomoeoftheBonded W arehouses, and for whicha smallchargewillbemade.


ARTICLE4.—Gun-powder and ex plosives arenot to be stored in

the samemagaz inewithdetonators, fuses &c. ; the former are to

be stored inNo. 1 Magaz ine and the detonators in No. 2 Maga

z ine. Applicants must therefore give fullparticulars as to the

nature of the goods to be stored to the KenchO whence the

necessary directions willbe given.

ARTICLE5.—No goods willbe received at, or allowed to be re

movedfrom, theMagaz ine on rainy orwindy days.

ARTICLE 6 .—No goods willbe received on storage that arenot

securely packed in cases, barrels &c.,or ofwhich the contents are

ex posed.

Note—Cases andpackages of every description must be distinctly marked and made up in such a manner as not to admit ofdeterioration.

ARTICLE 7.—The Storage charges must be paid to the Kenchd

onwithdrawalof all, or any portion Of the goods, whichcannot

be removeduntilthis has been done.

Note—Owners of goods wishing to ex hibit samples thereof, mustfirst obtain the permission of theKenchO.

ARTICLE 8.— On withdrawalof goods stored, an order must be

given to theKencho in the form marked C,and the certificateof

deposit produced, and then the goods must be removedwithout

delay.

ARTICLE 9.— W hen ex plosives are to be conveyedfrom theMaga

z ine,noticemust be previously given to the Kenchd as to their

destination,and the localities through which they willpass in

transportation,according to Form D . Redflag must also bedis

playedfrom theboat or vehicle bywhich the goods are conveyed.

ARTICLE 10.—Should the owners of goods stored at theMagaz ine

wish to transfer the ownership , without removalof the goodsfrom the Magaz ines, to some other person, they can do so by

making application to the KenchO according to form E,which

must be signedbybothseller andpurchaser, and the old certificate

of deposit must be surrendered. Anew certificate of depositwillthen be issued in the name of the purchaser.


ARTICLE 11.—The termofstorageshallnotex ceedoneyear. W hen

the year has ex pired, should the owner wish to continue the

storage, the charges must be paidup to date and new applicationmade according to theGeneralRegulations.

ARTICLE 12.—Should the goods not bewithdrawn on ex piration

of the year and the storage charges remain unpaid, the KenchOwillinsert a notice in one of thelocalnewspapers for the spaceof one month. On ex piration of that period if the goods have

not been withdrawn,the Kencho may proceed to sellthem at

public auction ; the amount due for storage and for ex penses ofsale and advertising willbe deducted, and thebalance, if any, willberetained at theKenchO.

Should the owner eventually come claim thegoods andproducedthe certificate of deposit, the balancewillbehanded tohim after

deductions of a charge of one per cent therefrom.

ARTICLE 13.—W hen it is desired to have themagaz ines opened

onholidays as provided in the note Of Art. 1 , applicationmust bemade to theKenchO occording to form F,

and a fee of one silveryen is to be paidfor eachhour that themagaz ine is kept open.

Note—Any part of an hour willbe chargedas onehour.

ARTICLE 14.-The storage charges are 4 [sen in silver coin per

monthper cubic foot Englishmeasurement.

Note—Although goods measuring less than one cubic foot maybe received at theMagaz ines, theminimum chargewillbe 4 sen in

silver. The smallest charge willbe for half a month and any

numbero

of

'

days under 15willbe charged as half a month.

ARTICLE l5.

’

-The care of the goods stored in the Magaz ines is

undertaken by the Japanese Government, which however, is notresponsible forlosses arising from the acts of God, fire, or con

vulsions of the elements.ARTICLE 16 .

—The forms for application for storage and delivery, are provided by the Kencho free of charge, to applicantstherefor.


STORAGEREGULATIONS.

REvIsED ON TEE 161 11 DAx , 3RD MONTE or 10TH YEAR,mm .

The Japanese Government has established at Nakamura W are

houses intended for the Storage of Kerosine O iland other sub

stances imported to Yokohama, the inflammable nature of which,

or their storagewithin the Settlement in large q uantities renders

them dangerous.

The Government has entrusted thedirection of the W arehouses,

toan Ofi cialacting under the orders of theRentei of Kanagawa

andwhoseduties are clearly defined in a series of instructions

issuedby theKenrei and approvedby theTreaty Consuls.

TheEstablishment willbe subject to the following RegulationsARTICLE 1 .

—The W arehouses willbe Open daily from 8 A. M. to

4,

P. M . during the months from October 1st to March 3lst, and

from 6 A. M . to 6 P . M . during themonths fromAprillst to September 3oth, ex cept on Sundays andfollowing holidayslst Month lst, 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 3othdays.

2ud 11thday.

4th 3rd

9th 17th

1lth 3rdand23rddays.

12th 29th, 3othand3lst days.

Should it bedesired to have the W arehouses opened on any of

the above namedholidays, twenty fourhours noticemust begiven.

In case the W arehouses shouldbe closed on ex traordinary days,i. e. on other than the above-mentioned days, one week notice

willbe given in the Yokohama Newspapers.

ARTICLE 2.—Persons desirous or storing Kerosine Oilor other

Merchandise of an inflammable nature must make to theDirector

of the W arehouses an application in the annex ed form marked A

accompaniedby a Certificate showing that the goods have been

enteredat theCustomHouse and that theduty thereon has beenpaid.

COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN; r

this rulehas been compliedwith.

J ’

ARTICLE 10.— Should the ownerwishtowithdraw a sample case

hemust bring his certificate of Deposit and the Director of the

W arehouses willinscribe on it the q uantitywithdrawn. Facilitieswillalso be affordedfor sampling at the W arehouses.

ARTICLE 11 .—7 0n withdrawalof the goods deposited an order

must be given “

in the form C. and the goods must be removed

ARTICLE 12.—Ou withdrawalof the whole amount of goods

stored, the certificate of deposit must be returned.

ARTICLE l3.—The forms of application fdr storage 650. are

printedin Japanese andEnglish, andare providedby the Govern

ment free of charge.

ARTICLE 14.-The term of storage shallnot ex ceed one year.

W hen the year has ex pired, andshouldthe ownerwishtocontinuethe storage, the charges must be paidup and a newapplicationmade according to theGeneralRegulations.

Shouldthe goods not bewithdrawn on ex piration of theyear andthe storage charges remain unpaid, the Government willinsert anotice in the paper for the, space of onemonth.

Q

On ex piration of that period and the goods not having been

withdrawn, the Govornment may proceed to sellthem at PublicAuction. From the proceeds, the amount due for storage and for

ex penses of sale andadvertising willbe deducted and the balancewillbe retainedby the Government.

Should the owner eventually come to claim the property andproduce the Certificate of deposit the balance willbe handedtohimless a charge of one per cent.

ARTICLE 15. The storage charges are as followsFor Kerosine Oil

,Ordinary Cases of ten Gallons permonthper

Case 7 sen.

For other inflammable substances , per English cubic foot per

month 01} sen.

Nata—The smallest charge willbe for half a month, andany.

number of days under fifteen willbe chargedas half a monthShouldalonger ex perience shewit to bedesirable, these charges

CUSTOM HOUSE, MINISTER -AND CONSUL. ass

theybemodifiedby theLocalAuthorities in conjunction with theConsuls of theTreaty Powers.

ARTICLE 16.—The care of the goods storedat the warehouses is

confidedto the Japanese Government who are not responsible forlosses occasionedbyleakage, fire, or convalsions of the elements.

AR TICLE l7.—Goods belonging to Japanesewillbe subjected tothese same rules, but willbe storedin a separate building.

AMENDED ORGANIZATION OF CUSTOM

HOUSES.

!IMPERIAL ORDINANCE No. 142. DATED JULY Z4TH,

ARTICLE 1 .—Custom Houses shallbe under the superintendence

of theMinister of State for Finance, and shalldealwith businessconnectedwithcustoms.

ARTICLE 2.—The following oflicials shallbe attached to the

various Custom Houses of the empire

Vice-Superinteudents

ChiefAppraisers (Kwanlei-kan)Probationers for the office of Chief

Appraiser Kmantei-kan shiho) 5

207

Appraisers (Kwantei-ri) 21 Hamlin rank.

Inspectors ( Kwan-ri) 24 Hanniu rank.

9 64 Hannin rank.

The office of the Superintendent of Osaka Custom House shallbeheld by the Superintendent or by the Vice-Superintendent ofECbe Custom House. That of Nugata CustomHouse by the ChiefCollector ofNiigata Prefecture.

ARTICLE 3.—Superintendents of Custom Houses shallbe under

the guidance and controlof theMinister .of State for Finance, and

shallhave controlof afiairs relating the respectiveCustomHouses.

ARTICLE 4 .—Vice-Superintendents of Custom Houses shallbe

oficials of rank belew that of the superintendents whom they are

to assist, shallbe attached one each to the Custom Houses of

Yokohama andKebe, and shallrender assistance to the Superia


tendenteof such ofices, and discharge thelatter’

s duties shouldthey be preventedby some cause fromdoing so.

ARTICLE 5.—ChiefAppraisers shallbe guidedand controlledby

the Superintendents , and shalldischarge duties relating to theex amination andappraising of goods.

ChiefAppraisersmay in addition discharge the duties of heads

of offices ( kwachO) .

ARTICLE 6 .—Z oku shallbe under the controlof their respective

superiors, and shalldischarge duties pertaining to records, ac

counts, andbook-keeping.

ARTICLE 7.- Appraisers shallbe under the orders of their respec

tive superiors, and shallbe engaged in the ex amination and

appraising of goods.

ARTICLE 8.—Inspectors shallbe under the controlof their

respective superiors, and shalldealwithafiairs connectedwiththe

prevention of smuggling andthe non-payment of tax es (datsu-zei)having controlover assistant-inspectors.

ARTICLE 9.-Assistant-Inspectors shallassist inspectors in their

duties.

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR OFFICIALS.

(IMPERIAL ORDINANCE No. 257, DATED OCTOBER 2lsT,

ARTICLEl.—The Organiz ation of Diplomatic Oficials shallbedecidedas followsMinister Plenipotentiary, chokunin rank.

Minister Resident (Beari 2nd class okoham’

a rankor lstclass sO‘nin rank.

Chargéd’

Afiaires (Dairi lst or 2nd class sfim’

n rank.

Councillors of Legation, lst or 2nd class 86amrank.

Secretaries of Legation, 2ndor 3rdor 4thor fifthclassmain rank.

Attache (kesaikwan shiho), 5thor 6thsOm'

n rank.

ARTICLE 2.—Ofiicials of shinnin rankmaybe appointed Ministers

Plenipotentiary as an additionaloffice.

ARTICLE 3.—Consuls may also be employedas diplomatic ofi cials

gaikej imukwan in places where Ministers are not stationed.


Diplomatic and Consular Ofi cials not in actualofiice are notincluded in the fix ednumber.

CONSULAR REGULATIONS OF THEEMPIREOF JAPAN.

(IMPERIAL ORDINANCENo. 80. DATED MAY ,

ARTICLE 1 .—Consuls shallprotect and promote the interests of

the Empire of Japan, especially in matters afiecting trade, inter

course, and navigation ; they shallsee that the treaties betweenJapan andthe countries in which they resideare duly carriedout ;andthey shallgive such advice or protection as they maydeemproper, if requestedby Japanese subjects or subjects of thePowers

in amitywithJapan.

In the conduct of their business, Consuls shallin allcasesconform to thelaws and reg ulations of Japau. No Consulaha-11.however, act contrary to thelaws and customs of the country inwhichhe resides, ex cept in the caseof Consuls residing in countries

where specialtreaty stipulations or usages ex ist .

ARTICLE 2.—A Consulshallprovide a Register of Japanese

subjects in the country wherehe resides and shallenter therein theresidence, marriage, birth, anddeathreported tohim. Certificates

concerning thesematters shallbe issued, if requested.

ARTICLE 3.—AConsulshall, in the event of the deathofJapa

nese subjects in the country where he resides, taken measures for

theprotection of theproperty of thedeceased, whichmaybeex posedtoloss or injury owing to the absence of the successor or anyother

cause.

ARTICLE 4 .—AConsulshallgrant temporary relief to Japaueee

s ubjects who may be found destitude in the country where heresides, or shallsendthem back to Japan.

ARTICLE 5.—A Consulshallgive his aid and assistance, if it

shouldbe necessary, to any vesselor crewbelonging to theNavy of

ARTICLE 6 .—If any seamah should desert from a vesselbelong

ing to the Navy of Japan, a Consulshall, at the instance of the

Captain, req uest theAuthorities of the country where he resides toa rrest thedeserter.


ARTICLE 7.—A Cohsulshallaffordthe necessary assistance to

Japanese vesselswreckedor otherwise indistressandshallsupervisethe assistance which may be rendered by the Authorities of the

country where he resides.

A Consulshallattest marine protects andex tended protests.

ARTICLE 8.—AConsulshallex ercise supervision in respect to the

nationalflag of Japanesevessels.

AConsulshallissue certificates sanctioning the hoisting of the

nationalflag .

ARTICLE 9.-AConsulshallauthenticate agreements for engag

ing or discharging seamen of Japanese vessels in the country wherehe resides.

ARTICLE lo.—AConsulshallauthenticate the sale or hypotheca

tion of Japanese vessels .

ARTICLE 1 1.-AConsulmay req uire themasters of Japanese ves

sels visiting theports of the countrywherehe resides to report theirarrivalanddepartare.

AConsulshallkeep in his custody ship’s papers, if the regulation or usage of the port

,

of arrivalreq uires such papers to bedepositedwithhim.

ARTICLE 12.—AConsulmay issue passports to Japanese subjects

andmay also verify passports in their possession.

AConsulmay, if req uested, verify passports of foreigners intendng to visit Japan .

ARTICLE l3.—AConsulmty issue a billof health, at the req uest

of themaster, to a Japmese vesselor to a foreign vesselbound forJapan.

ARTICLE 14.—AConsulmay attest signatures and seals in docu

ments issuedby theAuthorities of the country where he resides.

ARTICLE 15.—If any seaman shoulddesert from a Japanese vessel

in the country where a Consulresides, thelatter may, at the req uest

of themaster, communicatewithAuthorities of the country in order

to compelthedeserter to return to the vessel.ARTICLE 16 .

—Should the command or navigation of a Japanesevesselbe obstructedowing to the illness or death of the master or

a ny other cause, a Consulmty temporar ily appoint a m i ster at the


req uest of the parties interestedin the vessel.ARTICLE 17 —AConsulwho resides in a country whereConsular

Jurisdiction ex ists either by treaty or usage shallex ercise judicialpowers.

ARTICLE 18.—AConsulmay intervene, if requestedbytheparties

concerned, to bring about an amicable settlement of a dispute concerning civilright , whichmay arisebetween a Japanese subjectanda foreigner or between Japanese subjects themselves.

ARTICLE 19.—A Consulmay ex ercise controlover Japanese sub

jects andvessels so far as such controlis not in conflictwiththelaws , regulations, andcustoms of the country where he resides.

ARTICLE 20.—AConsulmay req uest the assistance of a.Japanese

man-oi-war, if such assistance is necessary to the ex ercise ofhis

duties.

ARTICLE21 .—AConsulshallcollect fees andcharges inaccordance

with the Tarifi of Consular Fees and Charges for Attendancepre

scribed in these Regulations. In matters, however, speciallyprovidedbylaws or regulations , such specialprovisions shallbeobserved.

ARTICLE 22.—The fees of thelst and2nd items of theTarifimay

be remitted if the party concernedhas no ability to pay them.

The fee of the 3rd item of theTarifi shallbe remitted if thevalneof the property isless than 50 yen.

ARTICLE 23.—If the person who has req uested the attention of

a Consulshouldwithdraw his application, half the prescribedfee

ARTICLE 24 .—If a certificate is given in a foreignlanguage, 50

per cent of the prescribedfee shallbe collectedin addition thereto.

Should translation be necessary, the actualex pense thereof shallalso be charged.

ARTICLE 25.—If thelaws, regulations, or customs of anylocalityshouldreq uire the attestation or attention of a Consulinmattersnot specified in theTariff, fees not ex ceeding 5yenshallbe chargedin accordancewiththe usualpractice of suchlocality.

ARTICLE 26 .-If a Consulshould, on application by a Japanese

subject, transact any business req uiring his attendance outsideof

390 C OMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

Report of the arrivalof departure of a ship andcustody of theship’s papersFor vessels of not less than 15 tons andless than50 tons

registered (not less than 150 helm andless than500 koku).

For vessels of notless than 50 tons andless than registered

(not less than 500 helm andless than 100 50 sen.

For vessels of notless than 100 tons andless than 200 tonsregistered koku or upwards).

For vessels of notless than 200 tons andless than 500 tons3yen.

For vessels of500 tons registeredor upwards 5yen,

No fees shallbe chargedon fishing vessels.

Authentication of sale or hypothecation of a vesselFor a vessel, the registered tonnage ofwhichdoes not ex ceed15tens (or 150 koku) 50 sen.

For a vessel, the registered tonnage of which is more than 15

tons (or 150 koku) anddoes not ex ceed 100 tens (or

For a vessel, the registered tonnage ofwhichex ceeds 100 tone

(orl, .000 koku) 4 yen.

Sanction for the hoisting of the nationalflagFees to be chargedat the same rates as prescribed in clause 10.

Services in securing the return of a deserted seaman . 2yen.

Authentication of agreement for the engagement or discharge

of seamen lper cent of the employe’

s monthly wages.

Billof health.

Charges for attendance outside of the place where the Consulate is situatedFor thefirst hour lyen.

For each subseq uent hour or fraction of an hour 50 sen.

Foreachday (six hours busing taken as one. day) 5yen.

The Consular fees and travelling ex penses are received in

foreignmoney.

CUSTOM HOUSE, MINISTER, AND CONSUL.

LOCATIONrOF THEJAPANESE LEGATIONS, CONSULATES,

AND HONORARY.

LECATIONS.

W ashington , UnitedStates (having jurisdiction over Mex ico).

London, Great Britain.

Hague, Holland (having jurisdictionover Denmark).

St. Petersburg , Russia (having jurisdiction over Sweden

Norway).Paris, France (having jurisdiction over Spain andPortugal) .Berlin, Germany (having jurisdiction over Belgium).Vienna , Australia (having jurisdiction over Switz erland).Rome, Italy.

Pekin, China.

Seoul, Corea.

CONSULATES.

NewYork, UnitedStates.

San Francisco, United States.

London, Great Britain.

Vladivostock, Russia.

Korsakofi,

Lyons, France.

Shang hai, China (having jurisdiction over Chin-kiang

Ningpo).Tien-tsin, China .

Hankow, China (having jurisdiction over Kin-kiang) .

Chefoo, China.

Fu-tchow, China (having jurisdiction over Amoy anlTan Shia).Jenchuen, Corea .

Seoul, Corea .

Fusan, Corea.

Yuensan, Corea.

Honolulu, Hawai i .

Hongkong , British Territory (having jurisdiction over Macao,

Canton, SwantowandW enchow) .

Manilla , SpanishTerritory.


Singapore, BritishTerritory.

Vancouver,

Mex ico, Mex ican Republic.

HONORARY CONSULS .

Berlin, Germany.

Hamburg ,

Bremen.

Brussel, Belgium.

Antwerp,Milan, Italy.

Naple,Venice,

Messina,

Marseilles, France.

Liverpool, Great Britain.

Glasgow,

Trieste, Austria.

Newchwang , China .

Melbourne, Australia, (having jurisdiction over Queensland:NewSouthNVales, Victoria, Tasmania, andSouthAustralia).

O dessa, Russia.


year, 1854 , Perry again entered the Harbour of

Uraga urging the opening of friendly intercourse

and commerce. Accordingly on March , the Treatyof Peace and Amity was concluded at Kanagawa,opening at the same time the port of Shimoda, and

promising to open Hakodate on March of the nex t

year. This is popularly calledthe Perry Treaty,the

full chapters of which are given in the succeeding

pages.

TREATY OF PEACEAND AMITY BETW EENTHE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICAAND THE

EMPIREOF JAPAN.

SIGNED AT KANAGAW A, MARCH 318T, 1854 , (3RD DAY or San

MONTH , 711 1 YEAR or KAYEI). RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED

AT SmonA, FEBRUARY 1855, (5m DAY or lsT.

MONTH , 2ND YEAR or ANSEI).

The United States of America and theEmpire of Japan,desiring

to establishfirm, lasting , and sincere friendship between the twonations, have resolved to fix , in a manner clear and positive, bymeans of a treaty or generalconvention of peace andamity, the

rules which shallin future bemutually observedin the intercourseof their respective countries ; for whichmost desu able object thePresident of the United States has conferred fullpowers on his

commissioner, MatthewGalbraithPerry, specialembassador of theUnited States to Japan, and the August Sovereign of Japan1188

given similar fullpowers to his commissioners, Hayashi Daiflgakflno-kami, Ido, prince of Tsushima , Iz awa , prince of Mimasaka.and

Udono, member of the Board of Revenue. And the said com

[In theArticle XII of theTreaty signed at Yedo, in the 6th year of Ansei it is

provided that Suchof the provisions of theTreatymade by Commodore Perryand

signedat Kanagawa , on the Slst of March, 1854, as conflict with the provisionOf

this treaty arehereby

JAPANESE AND AMERICAN TRADE. 395

misioners, after having ex changed their said fullpowers and dulyconsidered the premises, have agreedto the following ArticlesArticlel.—There shallbe a perfect , permanent and universalpeace, anda sincere andcordialamity between the United States

ofAmerica on the one part, and the empire of Japan on the other

part, andbetween their people respectively, without ex ception of

persons or places.

Article 2.-The port of Simoda in the principality of Idz u , and

the port of Hakodate in the principality ofMatsumai, are granted

by the Japanese Government as ports for the reception ofAmericanships, where they can be suppliedwithwood, water, provisions, andcoal, andother articles their necessities may req uire, as far as the

Japanesehave them. The time for opening the first namedport isimmediately on signing this treaty ; the last named port is to beOpened immediately after the same day in the ensuing Japaneseyear.

Nata—A tarifi of prices shallbe given by the Japanese officers of

the things which they can furnish, payment for which shallbemade in goldandsilver coin.

Article 3.—W henever ships of the United States are thrown or

wrecked on the coast of Japan, the Japanese vessels willassistthem, and carry their crews to Simoda or Hakodate, and hand

them over to their countrymen appointed to receive them ; what

ever articles the shipwreckedmen may have preserved shalllikewise be restored, and the ex penses incurred in the rescue and

support ofAmericans andJapanesewho may thus be thrown uponthe shores of either nation are not to be refunded.

Article 4 .—Those shipwreckedpersons and other citiz ens of the

UnitedStates shallbe free as in other countries, andnot subjectedto confinement, but shallbe amenable to justlaws.

Article5.—Shipwrecked men and other citiz ens of the United

States, temporarilyliving at Simoda and Hakodate, shallnot besubject to such restrictions and confinemont as the Dutch and

Chinese are at Nagasaki, but shallbe free at Simoda to go where

they pleasewithin thelimits of seven Japanesemiles (or ri) from a

smallisland in the harbour of Simoda, marked on the accompany


ing chart hereto appended ; and shallinlikemanner be free to gowhere they planes atHakodate, within limits to be defined after

the visit of the UnitedStates sq uadron to that place.

but inemwhich shallreq uire to be arranged, there shallbe carefuldeliberation between the parties in order to settle suchmatters.

Article 7—It is agreed that ships of the United States resorting

to theports open to them shallbe permitmdto ex change gold and

silver coin andarticles of goods for other articles of goods, under

suchregulations as shallbe temporarilyestablishedbytheJapanesegovemment for that purpose. It is stipulated, however, that the

ships of theUnitedStates shallbe permitted to carry awaywhatever articles they are unwilling to ex change.

Article 8.—W ood, water, provisions, coal, and goods required,

shallonly be procured through the agency of Japanese oficers

appointedfor that purpose, and in no othermanner.

Article 9.—It is agreed, that if at any futureday the government

of Japan shallgrant to any other nation or nations privileges andadvantages whichare not herein grantedto the United States and

be grantedlikewise to theUnitedStates andto the citiz ens thereof,without any consultation or delay.

sort to no other ports in Japan but Simoda and Hakodate, unlessin distress or forcedby stress of weather.

Article 1l.—There shallbe appointedby the government of the

United States consuls or agents to reside in Simoda, at any time

after the ex piration ofeighteenmonths from thedate of the sign

ing of this treaty ; provided that either of the two governments

deem sucharrangement necessary.

Article 12.—The present convention having been concluded and

duly signed, shallbe obligatory and faithfully observed by the

United States of America andJapan, andby the citi z ens andsub

jeeta of eachrespective power ; andit is to beratifiedandapproved

by the President of theUnited States, byandwith the advice and

consent of the Senate thereof, and by the August Sovereign of


TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE BETW EEN

THE‘UNITED STATES OF'

AMERICA ANDTHE

EMPIRE OF JAPAN.

SIGNED A'

rYnno, JULY 29 m, 1858. (19m m y or STEmom ,

5TE rnx a or Ansm). RA'rrsrca

'rrons nx cm nean AT

W ASHINGTON, MAY 221m , 1860. 33 0 DA! or

4m MONTH , ls'r YEAR or MARYEN. )

The President ai the United States of America and his Majestythe Tycoon of Japan, desiring to establish on firm andlastingfoundations, the relations of peace and friendship now happilyex isting between the two countries, andto secure the best interest

of their respective citiz ens andsubjects , by encouraging , facilitating andregulating their industry and trade, have resolvedto con

clude a treaty of amity andcommerce, for this purpose, and have

therefore namedas Their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say

The President of the United States, His Ex cellency TownsendHarris, Consul-Generalof the United States of America for the

Empire of Japan, andHis Majesty theTycoon of Japan, Their Ex

cellencies Ino-oo-ye, Prince of Sinano, andIwasay, Prince of Higo,

who, afterhaving communicated to eachother, their respective fullpowers, andfoundthem to be in good and due form, have agreed

upon, and concludedthe following articles.

ARTICLE 1 .-There shallhenceforward be perpetualpeace and

friendship between theUnited States of America andhis MajestytheTycoon of Japan andhis successors.

The President of the United States may appoint a diplomaticagent to reside at the city of Yedo, and consuls or consular agentsto reside at any or allof the ports in Japan, which are opened for

consul-generalof theUnited States, shallhave the right to travelfreely in any part of the empire of Japan , from the time they enteron thedischarge of their officialduties.

The government of Japan may appoint a diplomatic agent to

redde at W ashington, andconsuls or consular agents for anyor allof the ports of the United States. The diplomatic agent andcon

JAPANESE AND AMERICAN TRADE. 6 99

sul-generalof Japan may travelfreely in any part of theUnited

s tates from the time they arrive in the country.

ARTICLE 2.—The President of the UnitedStates, at the request

of the Japanese government, willact as a friendly mediator in such

matters of difference, as may arise, between the government of

Japan andanyEuropean power .

The ships of war of theUnited States shallrender friendly aid

and assistance, to suchJapanese vessels, as they may meet on thehigh seas, so far as can bedone, without a.breachof neutrality, andallAmerican consuls, residing at ports visitedby Japanese vessels,shallalso give them suchfriendly aid, as may be permitted by thelaws of the respective countries, in whichthey reside.

ARTICLE 3.—In addition to theports of Simoda andHakodate, the

following ports and towns shallbe openedon thedates respectivelya ppendedto them, that is to say :

Kanagawa , on the (4th of July, fourth day of July, one

thousand eight hundredandfifty-nine.

Jagasaki, on the (eth of July, fourth day of July, one

Nee-e-gata , on the lst of January, first day of January,

one thousandeight hundredand six ty.Hiogo, on the (lst of January, first day of January, one

thousand eight hundredand six ty-three.

If Nee-e-gata is found to be unsuitable as a harbor, another porto n thewest coast ofNipon shallbe selectedbythe two governmentsinlieu thereof.Six months after the opening of Kanagawa, the port of Simoda

shallbe closed as a place of residence and trade for American

In allthe foregoing ports andtowns, American citiz ensmayper

manently reside, they shallhave the right to lease ground, and

purchase the buildings thereon, andmay erect dwellings andware

houses . But no fortification or place ofmilitary strength, shallbeerected under pretense of building dwelling or warehouse, and to

see that this article is observed, the Japanese authorities shallhavethe right to inspect, from time to time, anybuildings whichare be

400 COJIMERCE AND INDUSTRY LN JAPAN.

ing erected, altered or repaired.

The place, whichtheAmericans shalloccupy for their buildings,and theharbor regulations shallbearrangedby the American con

an] , and the authorities of each place, andif they cannot ag ree, thematter shallbe referred to, and settledby theAmsrican diplomaticagent andthe Japanese government.No wall, fence, or gate , shallbe erectedby the Japanese around

the place of residence of theAmericans, or anything done, which

may prevent a free egress and ingress to the same.

From the (1st of January, first day of January, one thensand eight hundred and six ty-two, Americans shallbe allowedtoreside in the city of Yedo, and from the (1st of January, first

day of January, one thousandeight hundredand six ty-three, in thecity of Osaca , for the purposes of trade only. In eachof these two

cities , a suitable place, within which they mayhire houses, and thedistance they may go, shallbe arrangedbytheAmerican diplomaticagent and the government of Japan .

Americans may freely buy from Japanese and sellto them, any

articles that either mayhave for sale, without the intervention of

any Japanese ofiicer, in such purchase or sale, or in making or

receiving payment for the same, andallclasses of the Japanesemaypurchase, sell, keep or use, any articles sold to them by the

Americans.

The Japanese Government willcause this clause to be made

public, in every part of the empire, as soon as the ratifications of

this treaty shallbe ex changed.

Munitions ofwar shallonly be soldto the Japanese government

No rice or wheat shallbe ex ported from Japan as cargo, but allAmericans resident in Japan , and ships for their crews and passengers, shallbe furnishedwith sufi cient supplies of the same.

The Japanese government willsellfrom time to time, at publicauction , any surplus q uantity of copper, that may be produced.

Americans, residing in Japan, shallhave the right to employJapanese as servants or in any other capacity.

ARTICLE 4 .—Duties shallbe paid to the government of Japan. on


Coins of alldescriptions (with the ex ception of Japahu a coppercoin) may be ex ported from Japan, and foreign gold and silver

ARTICLR 6 .—Americans. committing ofienses against Japanese,

shallbe triedinAmerica.Consular Courts, and when foundguilty,

Japancas, committing oflenses against Americans, shallbe tried

law.

TheConsularCourts shallbeopen to Japanese cwditors, toenable

the Japanese Courts shallin like manner be open to American

citiz ens, for the recovery of their just claims against Japanese.Allclaims for forfeitures or penalties for violations of this treaty,

or of the articles regulating trade, which are appendedhereunto,shallbe suedfor in the consular courts , and allrecoveries shallbedeliveredto the Japanese authorities.

Neither theAmerican or Japanese governments are to be heldresponsiblefor the payment of any debts, contracted by their re

ABTICPE 7—In the opened harbors of Japan, Americans shallbefree to go where they please, within the followinglimitsAt Kanagawa, the river Rokugo (whichempties into thebayof

Y edo, between Kawasaki and Shinagawa) and ( 10)'

ten ri in any

other direction.

At Hakodate, ( 10) ten ri in anydirection.

At Hiogo, (10) ten ri in any directions, that of Kioto ex cepted.whichcity shallnot be approached nearer than ten ri. The

crews of vessels resorting to Hiogo shallnot cross the riverEna

whichempties into the bay between Hicgo and Cases.

hallofeachof theforegoing harbors, theribeingequalto (4275) fourthousand two hundmd andseventy-five yards, Amesrican measure.

JAPANESEAND AMERICAN TRADE. «on

At Nagasaki, Americans may go into any part of the imperialdomain in its vicinity.The boundaries ofNeegsta. or the place, that maybe substituted

for it, shallbe settled by the American diplomatic agent andthe.

Americans whomayhave been convicted of felony, or twice convicted of misdemeanors. shallnot gomore than( I) oneJapaneseri inland, from the places of their respective residences, andallpersons so convicted, shalllose their right of permanent residencein Japan, andthe Japanese authorities may req uire them to have

the country.Areasonable time shallbe allowed to allsuch persons to settle

their affairs, andthe American consular authority shall, after anex amination into the circumstances of each case, determine the

timetobe allowed, but such time shallnot in any caseex ceedone

year, to be calculated from the time the person shallbe free, to

ARTICLE 8.—Americans in Japan shallbe allowed the free ex

ercise of their religion, andfor this purpose shallhave the right, to

buildings, nor any insult be oEered to the religiousworship of the

or ofier any insult or injury to Japanese religious ceremonies, or to,

the objects of theirworship.

TheAmericans andJapanese shallnot do anything, that may becalculated to ex cite religious animosity. The government of Japanhas already abolished the practice of trampling on religious emblems.

ARTxcnn 9.—W hen requestedby theAmerican consul, the Japan

ese authorities willcause the arrest of alldeserters andfugitives

from justice, receive in jailallpersons, held as prisoners, by theconsul, and give to the consulsuch assistance, as may be req uired

to enable him to enforce the observance of the laws, by the

Americans, who are on land, and to maintain order among the

shipping . For allsuchservices, and for the support of prisoners

Abs COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

kept inconfinement, the consulshallin all'

casespaya just com

An'rrcns 10.—The Japanese government may purchase or con

struct in the UnitedStates, ships ofwar, M eta, merchant ships.whaleships, cannon, munitions of war, and arms of allkinds, and}any other things it may require. It shallhave the right to engage

in the UnitedStates, scientific, navalandmilitary men, artisans of

allkinds, andmariners to enter into its service. Allpurchasesmade forthe government ofJapan, may be ex ported from the

UnitedStates, and allpersons engagedfor its service may freelydepart from the United States. Provided

—that no articles thatarecontrabandofwar shallbe ex ported, nor any persons engagedto act ina navalor military capacity, while Japan shallbe atwarwithany power in amity with the UnitedStates.

p

An'rrcmi: 11 .—Thea rticles for the regulation of trade, whichare

appendedto this treaty, shallbe considered as forming a part ofthe same, and shallbe eq ually binding on both the contracting

parties.

to this treaty, andon their citiz ens andsubjects.

Ana-rem; 12.— Suchof the provisions of the treaty madebyCom

modore Perry, andsignedat Kanagawa, on the slst ofMarch, 1854,

as conflict with the provisions of this treaty, are hereby revoked

andas allthe provisions of a convention, ex ecuted by the‘

consulrgeneralof the UnitedStates and govenors of Simoda, on the 17th

6: June, 1857, are incorporated in this treaty, that convention is

also revoked.

The person chargedwith the diplomatic relations of the UnitedStates inJapan, in conjunction with such person or persons, as

maybe appointedfor that purpose, by the Japanese government ,shallhave power to make such rules and regulations, as may berequiredto carry into fulland complete efiect, the provisions ofthis treaty, and the provisions of the articles regulating trade, appended‘

thereunto .

ARTICLE 18.—After the (4th of July

,fourthday of July,

one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, upon the desire of

either the American'

or Japanese government, and on one year’

s

notice given by either party, this treaty, and such portions of the


REGULATIONUNDERWHICH AMERICANTRADEIS TO BE

‘

CONDUCTED IN JAPAN.

REGULATION I.

W ithin 48) forty-eight hours, (Sundays ex cepted) after the

arrivalof an American Ship in a Japanese port, the captain or commander shallex hibit to the Japanese custom-house authorities, the

receipt of theAmerican consul, showing that he has depositedthe

ship's register and other papers, as required by thelaws of the

United States, at theAmerican Consulate ; andhe shallthenmakean entry ofhis ship, by giving a written papar, stating the nameof the port, from which she comes, her tonnage, the name of her

captain or commander, the names of her passengers (if any) andthe number ofher crew, which paper shallbe certifiedby the cap

tain or commander, to be a true statement, andshallbe signedby

him ; he shallat the same time deposit a written manifest

of his cargo, setting forth the marks and numbers of the

packages, and their contents, as they are described in his

bills oflading , withthe names of the person or persons, to whomthey are consigned. Alist of the stores of the ship shallbe addedto the manifest. The captain or commander shallcertify the

manifest to be a true account of allthe cargo and'stores on board

the ship , and shallsignhis name to the same.

If any error is discovered in the manifest, it may be corrected

within (24) twenty-four hours (Sundays ex cepted), without thepayment of any fee, but for any alteration or post entry to themanifest, made after that time, a fee of fifteen dollars shallbepaid.

Allgoods not entered on the manifest , shallpaydouble duties onbeinglanded.

Any captain or commander, that shallneglect to enter his vessel,at the Japanese custom-house, within the time prescribedby thisregulation , shallpay a penalty of six ty dollars for eachday,

that he shallso neglect to enter his ship;REGULATION 2.

—The Japanese govermnent shallhave the right

to place custom-house officers, on boardof any ship in their ports

JAPANESE AND AMERICAN TRADE. 407

(men-of-war ex cepted). Allcustom-house oflcers shallbe treatedwithcivility, andsuchreasonable accommodations shallbe allottedto them, as the ship afiords.No goods shallbe unladen from any ship, between the hours of

sunset and sunrise, ex cept by specialpermission of the custom~

house authorities, and thehatches and allother places of entranceinto that part of the ship, where the cargo is stowed, may be

secured by Japanese officers, between the hours of sunset and

sunrise, by afi x ing seals, locks, or other fastenings ; and if any

person shall, without due permission, open any entrance, that has

been so secured, or shallbreak or remove any seal,lock or other

officers, every person so ofiending , shallpay a fine of (960) six tydollars for eachoflense.

Any goods , tlmt shallbe discharged or attempted to be dis,

chargedfrom any ship, without having been duly enteredat the

Japanese custom-house, as hereinafter provided shallbeliable tobeiz ure andconfiscation.

Packages of goods, made up with an intent to defraud the re

venue of Japan, by concealing therein articles of value, whichare

not set forth in the invoice, shallbe forfeited.

American ships, that shfllsmuggle, or attempt, to smugglgoods,in any of thenon-openedharbors of Japan, allsuchgoods shallbeforfeited to the Japanese government , and the ship shallpay a fineof one thousanddollars for eachofiensc.Vessels, needing repairs , m yland their carg o for that purpose;

without the payment of duty. Allgoods solandedshallremain incharge of the Japanese authorities, andalljust charges for storage,

labor andsupervision, shallbe paid thereon. But if any portion of

suchcargo be sold, the regular duties shallbe paidon the portionso disposedof.

Cargo may be transhipped to another vessels in the sameharbor,

without the payment of duty ; but allsuch transhipments shallbemade under the supervision ofJapanese ofiicers, andafter satisfac

tory proofhas been given to the custom-house authorities. of the

bona fidenature of the transaction, and also under a permit to be

«B COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

granted, for that purpose by suchauthorise.

The importation of opium being prohibited, if any person orper

sons shallsmuggle, or attempt to smuggle any opium, heor they

shallpay a fine of (815) fifteen dollars for each catty of opiumso

smuggled or attempted to be smuggled ; and if more thanone

person shallbe enm d in the Iofiense, they shallcollectively beheldresponsible for the payment of the foregoing penalty.

REGULATION Ill—The owner or consignee of any goods, who

desires tolandthem, shallmakeantentwof the same, at the’

Japanese

custom-house. The entry shallbe in writing , and shallset forththename of the person making theentry, andthe nameof the ship.inwhichthegoodswereimported, andthemarks, numbers, packages.and the contents thereof, withthe value of each package ex tended

separately in one amount, andat the bottom of theentry shallbeplacedthe aggregate value of allthe goods containedin the entry.

On eachentry the owner or consignee shallcertify in writing, thatthe entry then presented ex hibits the actualcost of the goods, andthat nothing has been concealed, whereby the customs of Japan

wouldbe defrauded and the owner or consignee shallsignhisnameto suchcertificate.

The originalInvoice or Invoices of the goods. so entered, shallbepresentedto the custom-houseauthorities, andshallremain in theirpossession, untilthey have ex amined the goods contained in the

entry.

The Japanese officers may ex amine any or allof the packages so

entered, andfor this purposemay take them to the custom-house.

but suchex amination shallbewithout fiex pense, to the imwrter, orinjury to the goods, and after ex amination, the Japanese shallrestore the goods to their originalcondition, in the packages (sofaras may be practicable), and suchex amination shallbemadewithoutany unreasonable delay.If any owner or importer discovers that his goods have been

damag ed, on the voyage of importation, before suchgoodshavebeendelivered to him, hemaynotify the custom-houseauthorities ofsuch

more competent anddisinterestedpersons, who; after due ex aminfi’


manifest , ex cept for suchpassengers and goods, as are to belandedin Japan. But suchsteamers shall, in allcases, enter and clear atthe custom-house.

W hale ships, touching for supplies, or ships in distress, shallnotbe required to make a manifest of their cargo, but if they subse

q uently wishto trade, they shallthen deposit a manifest , as req uir

Theword chip, wherever it occurs in these regulations, or in the

treaty, towhichthey are attached, is to be held as meaning ship,barque, brig, schooner, sloop or steamer.

REGULATION V.—Any person, signing a falsedeclaration or certio

ficate, withthe intent to defraudfhe revenue of Japan, shallpay a

fine of (0125) onehundredandtwenty-five dollars for eachofiense.

Rmunan os VL—No tonnageduties shallbeleviedonAmerican

ships. in the ports of Japan, but the following fees shallbe paidtothe Japanese cuatom-house authorities.

For the entry of a ship fifteen dollars.

For the clearance of a ship (07) seven dollars.

For eachpermit (all) one dollar anda half.For eachbillof health (315) one dollar anda half.For any other document (313) one dollar anda half.

REGULATION VII.—Duties shallbe paid to the Japanese govern

ment, on allgoodslanded in the country, according to the follwing

Claas 1 .

Allarticles in this class shallbe free of duty.

Goldandsilver, coinedor uncoined.

W earing apparelin actualuse.

Householdfurniture andprintedbooks, not intendedformle, butthe property of persons, who come to reside in Japan.

Class 2.

Aduty of (5)fiveper cent. shallbepaidon théZfollowing articlesAllarticles usedfor the purpose of building , rigg ing or fitting

out of ships.W haling gear of allkinds.

Salted provisions of allkinds .

JAPANESE AND AMERICAN TRADE. 41!

Bread andbreadatufis.

Living animals of allkinds.

Timber for building houses, rice, paddy, steam-machinery.

Z inc,lead, tin, raw silk.

Class 3.

A duty of (35) thirty five per cent , shallbe paidon allintox icatving liquors, whether prepared by distillation, fermentation, or in

Class 4 .

Allgoods, not includedin any of the preceding classes , shallpaya duty of (20) twenty per cent.

shallpay a duty of (5)five per cent ,with the ex ception of goldandsilver coin, andcopper in bars.

(5) Five years after the !opening of Kanagawa, the import and

ex port duties shallbe subject to revision, if the Japanese government desires it.

In 186 6 the delegates of two countries held a

conference to amend the article 7 of the Regulation

as to the duty leviedon the commodities importedand

ex ported. It resultedin the ex change of the Revised

Tarifi'

Convention at Yedo , that' is, the Customs

Tariff now in force. In 1873, in order to ex change

mails between the two =countries Postal Convention

was concluded at W ashington, and in the followingyear, 1874 , ratifications were ex changed. Thus for

the first time the postalarrangement with foreign

country was made. Iii 1885 Post Money Order

Convention was concluded, affording great facility to

the people of both countries .

The relation of the,UnitedStates andJapan pro

greased smoothly so that though the Revised Treaty

4 12 COMMERCE'

AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

ex changedat W ashington in 1879 is”

not actually carriedout, it will benecessary for the confirmation andmain

tenance of friendship, for the ex tension of commerce.

To the UnitedStates the commodities are ex ported

at present above allother countries and the steadv

increase of theex port from the commencementoftrade

can be verifiedby the statistics of the past years ,whilewith regardto the imported articles, it stands nex t to

Great Britain andChina, but is gradually advancing to

the front'

raising its situation higher andhigher. The

total value of the commodities ex ported from and im

ported to for the last 19 years, 1873- 1891 is shown

below.

Total.

Kate: Previous to 1886 BritishAmerica is included.

Ex ports fromJapan.

4


The Specific Table of the Commodities Importedfrom theUnited States to Japan.

Grains and Seeds.

Rice

Peas , Bean,

813

Sugar.

Brown Sugar292500

Loaf, LumpSugar, etc.

Mclasses 85 catties

W ine andLiquor.

Porter andStout .


SaltSaltedFish.

5406

SaltedMeat

1catty

(air yen

(other)‘

Vegetables,Green or Dry. yen

Beverages. yen°

Provisions. yen

Bisauts ~

Pepper.

Tobacco and

Manufactures of.

1. catty

yen

Cigarettes. yen

. “ gcatty

All otherPreparedTobacoo

7,576

4 18 COMMERCE AND. INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

Smalt and!catty

Cobalt yenAllotherPaints yen

Kerosene Oil,.

Oiland W ax

CandlesLardand

Castor Oilyen

Kerosene Oil. 83 1°

Olive Oil

Turpentine1

AllOtherOils yen

AllotherPapers yen

Cotton andCotton

catty

Threads yen

Cotton Fabrics.

yen

Cotton Drills yard

6

3

27,

JAPANESE AND AMERICAN TRADE.

Dyed Shirt

Gingham

ings

T. ClothsAllother CottonPieceGoods

W oolen Fabrics.

cattyBlanketyegdyaFlannelyen

W oolen yardCloths yen

No.

yen

W oolenThreads.

W oolW oolenYarn.

SilkFabrics.

Cotton yardsilk Mix ture.

yenOther 8111! and piece00 1511011 yen

Silk Manu

factures

C T”


Flax , Hemp. Jute,

6: Manufactures.

Curtains. yen

Oilor Lea yardther Cloth. yen

catty

yen

Other Carpets . yen

Mosq uito-nets.

ClothsLinen

Allother Textile Fabrics. yen

Carpets, Mats, and

Table Cloths.

PatentTapestryCarpet.

AllKinds of

Table Cloths

Hemp Rope

pairsShoes. yen

AllKinds of

Buttons

193

5243

55

422

Capsules, for

Mercury

Stoves, GraterFittings thereof.

Other IronW are yen

Copper W are. yen

Allkinds of

Fails "

Gold SilverW are . . en

Electro-platedyen

Utencils (ind.

Forks.Spoons, etc yenSteelW are. . . yen

yen

Iron Roofing .

Telegraphyen

yen

Iron Hoop catty

yenTea-firing no.

yen

cattyOld Ironyen

Old Iron cattyW ire Rope . yenBrass Screws yenBrassTubes“ yen

cattyLeadyen

Lead Tubes yen

catty

catty

catty

23.875

92


150

6 18

3

U

M27C‘

6

31,


Copper W ire.

NickelW are. yen

Metallic W are. yen

ScientificalInstruments.

Instruments. yen

Musical yen

Philosophical

PhotographicInstruments. yen

SurgicalInstruments. yen

Instruments. yen

ing 85Partsof. yen

Sno.

Thermometers1yen

Iustraments. yen

Other Scientifical

Machineries.

Balances 85

Grindstones 85

W hetstones. yen

Implements ofFarmers. yen

Implements of

Carpenters

Smiths, etc. yenMachinery, MiningandParts of. yen

13283

93

89

' 7

423

2 812

COW ERCE AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

ingdz Parts of. yenMachinery, Sewing

ning&Parts of.yenMachinery, Telegraph 85 Parts

nes, Instruments,

Pumps andParts

SteamBoilersEugines, 85 Parts

FireEngines.

Clocks, W atches,Thermometers,Barometer,Spectacles, etc.

101,


Carriages of Ra ilway and Parts

Tram-wayCars, 85Parts of. yen

Carts orDrays , Nofor Convey-ianceofGoods .

en

Locomotive-en

gines, 85Parts

of. yen

Vessels, andTacklesandInstrumentsfor theUse thereof.

Cordages, of cattyRigging yen

Sailing No.

Vessels yen

Calk catty

yen

Felt, for yen

Furs, Tusks, Teeth,

and the Manufac

tures thereof.

Bones, cattyAnimal yen

Furs7 0 °

yen

AnimalHairs catty

(ex cept wool) yenHides, Buf cattyfalo 85Cow. yen

cattHoofs yen

y

Horns, Buf cattyfalo 85Cow. yen

cattySole Leatheryen

Allother catty

yen

Leather W are. yen

Ivory W are. yen


Horns, Deer.

TortoiseshellBones, Horns,Leather, .tusks,

etc. yen

Glass W ares and

Porcelain 85Earthen W ares.

Looking-

glasses.yen

Glass W are. yen

Porcelain and

EarthenW are.

MiscellaneousArticles.

Cow85

Horses. 0 0 0

Allother

Plants, Trees, 85Shrubs

India Rubber

W are

Lamp, 85Partsof.

JewelryAllKinds of

yen

Furnitures yen

yen

Perfumed(1

W ater and02°

0 11. Yen

O ther Cosmetics 85Perfumeries. yen

1887

1 ,260

1888

590

599100

1.989

1 1 11

124

427

1891

22


1887 1888

Shoe-blacking . yen

Toilet Soap. yen

N0 .

Trunksyen

UmbrellaSticks 85

HandlesRawIndia cattyRubber

Sheet IndiaRubber

yen

no.

yen

Pencils gross

yen

Printing yen

Other Stationsries

Billiards 85Fit

0 11° 081k88 oo o

UmbrellasAllother Articlesnot described

57.008

TotalForeign. yen

TotalJapanese. yen 134 212

GrandTotal. yen


SaltedFishesGomame

Funori

Sharks Fnis yen

AllkindsofTobaccocattyLeafTobacco!yen

Prommns .

[dq uor

Beer, and other

ForeignLiquors yen

Silks (incl. Silkworm, floss-silk,

and Silk-worm

Cocoon


2

Silk-worm

O ils, andCandles(incl. Rape-seed) ,

815

1

Drugs, andMedicines.

1 12, 51AllOther DrugsyenAllother

11other Dyesand Paints

75

1

5

87

1

187,

1

1

7951

9 287


SulphuricAcidGluePapers andManu

factures of

Gampishi

!catty

Paper yen

EuropeanPaper yen 1 19

W allPaperAllotherPapers 0 o o

Manufactures yen

AllKinds ofUmbrellas.

UmbrellasForeign

UmbrellasFans, RoundFans,

2

a dFan“

PaperLantern

Porcelain, Earthen,

Shippé W ares,

Porcelain 85Earth.

yen

Glass W ares yen

Shippii W ares

Screens.

Matches


ereof.


CHAPTER VI.

THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.

The Chamber of Commerce was first establishedin 1878. Ever since, more than fifty have been esta

Situation ofName of Chambers.

bers .

Akamagaseki Chamber of Commerce

Gifu

Hakata

Hiroshima

Kanaz awa

Town


The Chamber of Commerce . is under the"

super»

vision of theMinister.ofAgriculturali andCommerv

0131Department, andthe establishment 011which‘

n

to be recogniz ed by the Minister. It is organiz ed

by the merchants andtraders, according to the Art.

4 of the Commercial Code, andwho paythe innomo

tax es. Themembers are electedfrom the male, upwardof thirty years of age, or Business Firm (anyone representing the firm). The number of the

members are restrictedaccording to thelawof the

chamber andone term is to be four years. Themenof ex perience inlearning or arts canbe nominated

the specialmember whose number can not ex ceed

the,one-fifthof the fix ednumber of its members and

to have no right to vote in thematter.

The president, vice-president and ordinary com

mittee are elected by the reciprocal vote of the

member, and. to them the management is entrusted.

The rights and duties of the Chamber are

(1) To decide on the necessary steps in the promoti31 of commercialaffairs or to remedy the business

duppression. (2) To send in the memorials to the

Government in regard to the legislation amend

ment, abolition or themode of ex ecution of laws andregulations relating to trade. (3) To report

.

and

make statistics of the actual condition of business.

(4) To state the opinion to the oflicialinquiry inregard to the commercial affairs. (5) To maintain

andtake charge of the public edifices of mercantile

THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 439

corporations by the effect oflaw or order. (6 ) To

investigate into thecapacity andnumber of brokersand the rates of brokerage. (7) To act as arbitraors in the mercantile questions by request of the

party concerned.

The ex penditures of the Chamber of Commerceare to be borne by the members who has the qualifications of electors, and the Chamber of Commerceshallbe‘

regarded as a legal person,and shall ownthe properties in that capacity .


CHAPTER VJI.

COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL UNIONS .

AND ASSOCIATIONS.

W ith the purpose to improve the manufactures,and to establish the credit, those who pursue the

same trade or have the common in interest business.organiz e various unions in every parts of theEmpire,some form themselveswithin the producing districtswhile others in their ministrative limits . As a

means of accomplishing their aim, they make agree

ments so as to inspect the articles of manufactures,not to manufacture worse andbadarticles, or not to

make illegal transactions, in short there is no minutedetail remain untouched. If there should happen

any breaker, he is bound to pay certain fines, no

mercy being shown on the circumstances. For the

management of affairs offices are establishedand the

committees are appointed or electedwho have the

responsibility of supervision and inspection pre

scribedby the agreement, andwhen foundnecessarythey often cause the establishment oftraining school,holding of the social meeting , Opening of themer

cantile museum and competitive ex position, despatching of inspectors , repo

’

rtin'

g, publishing com

piling of statistical table, and the supervision of

mechanics andlabourerswho receivewages so much

per hour allbusiness are to form a part of the aims


18 Trade

Tea

Miscellaneous 221

Remarks : In the table abovementioned, the union of tea mer

chants comprises its. cultivatem, and that of silk merchants, itsminers, moreover, there are thirty-five United Chambers on the

part of the tea merchants, andforty-two Board of Controlto silkmerchants, established one or two in every Eu and prefecture.

Besides the union of the persons who pursue thesame profession there are other corporations established by the merchants and artisans under the

name of association or club , each differ in aim and

purpose, yet what they alltend to is no other thanthe improvement of their respective business. The

number of these bodies have greatly increased at

present, that there is neither Fu or prefecturewhere they are not established, some of the most

prosperous of them having nearly members,with respect to the business to be carriedout in the

society andclub are the meeting ofmembers for the

investigation of the commercial and industrialquestions, or the distribution of the magaz ines to

the members or holding a competitive show of

manufacturedarticles by each of them,or the esta

blishment of the training schoolto educate the

apprentices. Though differentmeasures are adopted

to accomplishtheir ends, yet the benefit thus deriv

edwill give no smallimpetus to the improvement ofcommerce and industry. The principal clubs and

associations are given below.


CHAPTER VIII.

EXCHANGES.

There are four kinds ofEx change in this country ;viz . , Rice-Ex change, Stock -Ex change, Ex change and

Market Places. The Rice-Ex change originatesfrom theRice-Market, whichwas inauguratedby theOsaka merchants in the period of Kwanyei and

Sh0h6 (about first halfof the 17thcentury) and themerchant of other cities followedthe ex ample. In

1874 the Government prohibited the oldmethodof

transaction which was then practised, andordered

the Rice Market to obtain the permission of the

Government in accordance with the Act of StockEx change issued in the same year. Consequently

the amount of capital , the rate of tax ,number of the

Ex change, andits regulation were fix ed, and it wasestablished in Tokyo andOsaka. In 1876 theAct

of Rice Ex change was issued,and in accordance

with it,the following thirteenEx changes came into

ex istense.

T6ky6 RiceEx change. Tokyé City.

Akamagaseki AkamagasekiHakata FukuokaKanaz awaKuwana Kuwana Town.

Kybto Shichijc‘

) Kybto City.

EXCHANGES . 451

Capital.

Ex changeNagoya City.\ iigata

Otsu Town.

6shima Osaka City.

Pokushima CitV.

R ice Ex

chm “ .

The R1ceEx change under the superv181on

of the Minister of Agricultural and CommercialDepartment is the placewhere rice is to be soldand

purchasedwithin a fix ed period, or to be directlybought or sold on the spot. The capital is to beover you andwhen the permission to carry onbusiness is given the corporation is to invest thecashor Government bonds equal to two-third of the

capital to the local Government or national bank as

security . The officers are to.

be elected from the

shareholders who owns more than ten shares, andallthe business relating to theEx change is intrustedto them. There are brokers who,

under the per

mission of the Minister, investing yen as

security , transects the business. They can not

transact on their own account, andin allthe transactions they are liable to theEx change. In case theyfail to fulfill the obligation the loss is to be coveredby the securitymoney,

if it is found still insufficientthen the company is liable. The ex pense of the


company is met with the commissions on the saleandpurchase. The rate of tax is to be fi n of the

whole amount of the transaction to be ex actedfrom

both parties— the buyer and seller, but on the

amount of transfer and re-taking the tax is not

imposed.

As to themode of transaction there are two—the

direct andperiodical transaction. In the periodicaltransaction there are two ; the one is to be transact

ed ou the day of promise, the other is to be per

formedor cancelledwithin the certain fix edperiod.

The length of the period is distinguished into one,

two and threemonths, on the last day of whichthe

transaction is tobe concluded. In the agreement of

transaction the warrant money according to the

rates fix ed by the companies against the promiwdsum is to be invested to the company, and the

money is to be refundedon the day of performance,but in case of rise in price happens within the

period, the additional warrant money is to be

invested.

“M " E"

TheAct of Stock Ex change was issued in1874, but itwas not carried into practice, andin thenex t year, it was so arrangedthat the establishmentof the StockEx changewas tobemade in accordancewith the Act of RiceEx change.

In 1877, the Stock Ex change was established inT0ky0. In the nex t year 1878 theAct of StockEx ;

change was amended, and the establishment was


the minister. The tax of this company is to be:wt,”(bonds) and (stocks) of the promise money in

the periodical transaction to be ex acted fromboth

parties , those transferredstocks are not tax ed.

Ex cha n g e TheEx change was first establishedunder

the Act of Ex change issued in 1887. Its system

resembles great deal to that of thepresent Rice and

Stock Ex changes, yet the organiz ation and thewayof supervision is somewhat different. TheRice and

Stock Ex changes are entirely the joint stock com

pany , andhave shareholders, brokers, and theliability in the transaction ; the Ex change is the publicmarket of the club system. To become members itis requisite to invest the security of300 yen,

brokers from yen,differing according

to the nature of transaction. The brokers are at

once members andcarry on their business withthepermission of the Minister, but can not transact on

his own account. The ofiicers are electedfrom themembers and others and the whole business is

intrusted to them. The ex pense is defrayed fromthe commissions on the transaction. Under the

Ex change Act the following three ex changes are

established

EXCHANGES. 455

Name ofEx change. Commodities Transacted.

Kc‘

ibe Ex change. Kébe City Elegant Bgflfis

lgea

s'

gggim .

Rice, Manure, “fax , Oils forSaga City Lamp, Government Bonds

and Stocks ,

Mannre, RawCotton, Salt,Takaoka Takaoka Cit Kerosene Oil, Government

Bonds and Stocks.

According to the Regulation,the Rice andStock

Ex change Regulation are to be abolished at the

e x piration of the business terms , there will be someamendment in the organiz ation of the Ex changesooner or later.

M a r im Besides the above mentioned thi'ee kindsof Ex change, there are markets everywhere thatdeals in the commodities of different kinds. The

Opening of the market,varies according to the con

ditions of the localities , some open every day,some

so many times in a month , and others so many

times a year. Some have one regular place for themarket, while others establish it in partnership, andstillothers in shares. They allfollow the oldcustoms. The principal commodities are rice, corn,

fish, fowls, meat, vegetables, cocoon and raw silk ,

fabrics, second-handcloths andwares, horse, cattle,and other innumerable things. They are the de


velopedforms of yearly fairs andcelebration fairs.

The number of the markets from thelatest reportisshownbelow.

Cocoon Raw SilkMarketCowand

‘

HorseMarket.

Fabrics Market.

Fishes, Fowls, andMeatRice andother CornMarket.

Second-handClothing and Inplanents Market.

Allother Articles MarketTotal.


the circulation oi the paper currency, bank notes

and bills of ex change was prohibited and at the

same time theEx change Companies were dissolved.

In the two following years the national banks esta

blishedin accordance with the Regulation were the

First National Bank (T0ky0) , the Second (Yokohama) , the Fourth (N11gata), the Fifth (Osaka) , andthe capitals of didnot amount more thanyen. In 6 the Regulation was amended. Ac

cording to the old Regulation the security for theissuing of bank notes were restricted alone to goldspecies, but by the amended Regulation was sub

stituted; in the nex t year GovernmentPensionBond

was issued in order to encourage the industries to

Kwaz oku (theNobles) and Shiz oku (theMili~

tary class). As soon as the privilege of establishingtheNationalBanks with the Government PensionBondfor the capital andthe issuing of papermoney

against the bondswere granted, there Sprung up one

hundredfifty-three banks in 1880, upon which the

Treasury fearing the effect did not permit the

random establishment. Ever since the amalgamation anddissolution took place and there remain

at present one hundred and thirty-four banks thepaidup capitalbeing yen.

The national bank is the stock company of havingmore than you for the capital, andthe privi

lege Of banking is limited to twenty years. The

amount of bank notes to be issuedis to be the eight

BANKS. 459

t enth of the capital, (the Minister of Treasuryhasthe power to increase or decrease it) andby investing the bonds bearing the interest of 96 to

’

theTreasury , the rest two-tenth is to be reserved in

c urrent money for the ex change of paper money.

The method of redemption is to deposit of the

profit , without regard to theloss or gain, against

the amount of paper money receivedfrom the Treasury , to the Bank of Japan, where it remains tob ecome the fundfor redeeming the paper.

The Bank of Japanestablished in accordancewiththe Bank of Japan Regulation issued in 1882, withthe capital of you (the paid up capitalbeing yen) is the centralbank

, whose0 1116 6 is to hold the equilibrium and stability of, allthe banks in the Empire, being the organ of the

financial administration. The privilege of bankingis thirty years. The principal business is the disc ount of the bills. Since 1883 it manages theTreasury money , and in 1886 it discharges thebusinessof ex change of paper money, and moreover the

business regarding the Government bonds was alsotransferred. At last in 1889 allthe business relating to the management of Treasury money was alsohanded over to the Bank . The Treasury Depart.ment therefore specially provides Inspectors to

oversee the business. The president and vice~pre

eident are appointed by the Government“

and.

thedirectors are elected by the reciprocal vote of the


shareholders and confirmed by the Minister of

Finance, the managers are appointedby the share

holders.

In 1884 the bank was conferredthe special privi

logo of issuing the convertible silver notes in accord

ance with the Convertible Silver Bank Notes

Regulation andon 1885this was practically carriedout.

This system is not only to reserve the gold and

silver coin andbullions to the same amount of the

issuednotes to be ready for the conversion, but it

can issued note to the amount of yen

having Government bonds, Treasury notes andotherreliable bonds for the security, among which

yen are to be issuedbydegrees, against

the redeemed amount of the paper money by thenationalbanks since 1889.

W hen the Bank deems it necessary to increase

the amount of the currentmoney, it“

may, under the

recognition of the Minister of Finance, issue the

req uiredamount by placing such reliable securities.

In this case, the Bank is boundto pay the tax of not

less than ‘5 The Bank is also to credit the

Government up to the amount of yen for

the redemption of papermoney.

The Specie Bank was established in 1879 in

accordancewith the National Bank Regulation, the

capital is yen (paidup capitalSpecially deals with foreign ex changes and other


corporation are six hundred and seventy-eight thatof capital is yen.

The capital , reserve fund, andnet profit of banks

for the last five years is statistically stated, andthe

names and situation of banks having the capital ofmore than yen are also given, together with

the interest’

bearing upon the credit anddeposits of

banks in Takye andOsaka,and the table showing

the flactuations of the foreign ex change in Yoko

hama .

NationalBanks , Bank of Japan, Specie Bank.

Head Branch Paidup ReserveOffice. Omoe. Capital. Fund.

Private Banks.

Head Branch Paidup Reserve NetOfiice. Ofice. Capital. Fund. Profit.

yen . yen. yen.

48 .

5654112

Semi-banking Corporations.

h ead umce. Capital.714 yen.

713

695702


The Banker’s Association is organiz edwith the

viewto promote the interest of the body of bankersand to ex change the bills andchecks. There is one

in Tokyo andtwo in Osaka both being established

about 1879. As the transaction of Osaka merchants:

consists specially in the ex change of bills and

checks and to adjust each other’

s accounts , this sale

andpurchase form the principal feature.

JOINT-STOCK CO. , MANUFAC'

I'

ORIES 18 W ORKSHOPS. 467

CHAPTER X.

JOINT STOCK COMPANIES, MANUFACTORIES

AND W ORKSHOPS.

J o in t Sto ck 0

Commnm .

Since the Empne was Opened to the

foreigners , pressing necessity of the society hastened

the development of commerce andindustry, and the

home as wellas introduced industries gradually

advanced. The advantages of joining capitals for

the common purpose had naturally been acknowledgedamong the men of business resulting in con

tinualestablishments of the joint stock organiz a~

tions.

The latest return shows the number of commercialfirms to be total capital amounting to

yen, and these can be divided into

315 agricultural companies (capital amounting to

yen) , commercial firms (capitalamounting to yen) , and industrialcompanies (capitalAmounting yen). Eachof these three divisions is subdividedas below.

I. AgriculturalCompanies.

Class.

Culture.

Developing of Land.

FishBreeding

Forestry.

Graz ier andFowl.

No. Capital.

yen.

291 ,026

1 ,57


Plantation of Carrot .

Lacq uer-tree.

Mitsumata.

Mulberry

Silk Industry

11 . CommercialCorporations.

Articles for Hire

Commission AgencyCompartments andHallfor Hire.

Contractors.

Corn .

Cotton.

Domestic Animals

Fabrics.

Fish FowlandMeat

Fore1gn Trading .

Fuels andCharcoal.

Ice.

Indigo.

Insurance

LimeLiq uors, Spirits etc

Loans andCredit.

Manure.

Marine Products.Metals andMetallic W are

News Paper andMagaz ine.

Oiland

Piers andBeatBridgePorcelain, Earthen, Lacq ueredwareScGlass

RiceEx changeSalt.


Class.

LemonadeLimeManure

MatchesMats made of Rush. .

Metals andMetallic “fareMining andMineralRefiningOiland W ax

PrintingPorcelain andEarthen

Raw CottonRaw SilkRice Cleaning

SewingShip BuildingSilk SpinningSoapSoy andMiscStraw W orks

Sugar

TobaccoTwistedOther Corporation

Total

31233353“ m "

It willbe the fact acknowledgedby allmen that the workshops and factories are

comparatively few in this country , the reason of

which is attributable tog

the unrivalled skillin arts

special to this country, that is chiefly the handi

works. The latest return shows the number of

factories andworkshops belonging to companies andindividual person tobe (capital yen),and 739 of them are providedwith steam-engines,

J OINT-STOCK CO .,MANUFACTORIES c“W ORKSHOPS . 471

engineswith horse power), and464 with

hydraulic-engines engines, and horse

power).

In distinguishing them into different classes of

industry , the silk producing occupies the first posi

tion, clothsweaving, mining , andrefining ofminerals

come nex t, and metal . ware manufacturing , rice

cleaning , tobacco preparing , porcelain andearthen

ware making ,match manufacture, brick making, and

cotton spinning rank in the thirdplace. For parti

culars refer to the following table.


Different Classes of Industry.

Cotton SpinningSilk SpinningHemp SpinningThreadMaking

Fabrics W eaving

Sewing

DyeingElectric-Light

Rice CleaningDrug or MedicineMaking

BrickManufacturing

MetalW areMaking

OilMaking

Type PrintingShip

-Building.

Mining 8: MineralRefiningLeather Making

Boots Shoes and Leathern W are

Match

Indigo

Rush Mattings

Porcelain and Earthen-W are Making

ShippeW areManufacturing

Glass W are Making

Lacq ueredW areMaking

W ax Making


Difierent Classes of Industry . Capital.

SoapScale and BalanceStraw W are Making

Bamboo W orks

Stationeries Making

Lime

Cement

Cokes

Implement of Farmers, Making of

Furniture

Fans andRound Fans Making

Dyes andLacq uering MaterialsMaking of the Implements of Fishers

Manure Making

Instruments of allKinds , Making «11

Canning of various Kinds

Corn andVermicellis of allKinds , Making of.

Japanese Liq uorForeign Liq uors Brewing

Tobacco PreparingSuger

Soy andMisc Producing

Ice Making

Kanten or ColleVegetale Making

Cut Sea-W eed Making

Allother Kinds

476 C0 111115130 15AND INDUSTRY IN JAPAN.

Moreover,there are numerous government work

shops under the direct control of various departments, such as Imperial Mint, (steam-engine 6 ,

horse-power 189,VVork-men Printing Bureau

(steam-engine 14,horse-

power 509, W ork-men

of the Department of Finance, Tokio Arsenal

(steam-engine 14 , horse- power 462, W ork-men

Osaka Arsenal (steam-engine 10,horse-power 199

,

W ork-men andSenjiu W oolen Cloth Factory

(steam-engine 4, horse- power 158, “fork-men503) of

the W ar Department, Yokosuka Dock-Yard (steam

engine 28, horse-power 425,W ork-men Ono

hama Dock-yard (steam- engine 12, horse-power 119,

“fork-men Naval Arsenal (steam-engine 13,

horse-

power 347,“fork-men Gunpowder Fao

tory (steam-engine 4, horse-power 118,W ork-men

187) of the Naval Department, and Tomioka Silk

Factory (steam-engine 5, horse-power 5,VVork-men

406 ) of the Department of Agriculture and Com

merce, allofwhich are busily engagedin the manu

factures according to the requirement of theGovernment.


are taught, and in the proper class the technicalstudies for commerce is specially taken up. The

full course is three ' years and two more years

for those who wish to complete their studies

after graduation. The number of graduates since

the opening is 274 and the present students num

ber 333.

The Accountant School , which belongs to this

school , is the place to pursue necessary the studies

on financial affairs relating to Government, banks

and companies. The course is two years. The

graduates since the opening are 180, and presentstudents 73.

:fifiy

sifisojfga '

This was established in 1875, and

to theDepartment ofCommunications. The studies

are navigation and marine engineering . In the

navigation class, the students are taught in the

necessary studies to be the captains and mates of

Merchant vessels,andinEngineering class, those to

be Engineers are instructed. The course of the

navigation class is divided into five classes . Fromthe fifthclass up to the second class

,the Japanese

and Chinese language, English , Mathematics, Sea

manship, Artillery,MarineEngineering andNaviga

tion are taught in the school, the term of one classbeing six months, and the first class is practicallytrainedfor full three years in the sea-

going vessels.

The course of the engineering class is divided intofour classes. From the fourth up to third class

,the

COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS d‘c. 479'

Japanese andChinese language, English , Mathema

tic, Engineering, and drawing are taught in the.

school, the term of one class being six months . In

the second class three full years training in the

construction of engines in the engine works and

the first class is practically trained in the duties of“

engineers on board the sea-

going vessels. The

graduates since the opening are 436, the presentstudents 258.

T 6 k y 6 1ndu t q

S chool. This school was.established 111 May

188 1,belongs to the Educational Department. The

object is to educate students who wish to be fore

man andteachers of the industrial arts. The study

is divided into chemical industry and mechanicalindustry. The chemical industry is classified to

dyer’

s department, porcelain andglassworks department and applied chemistry department. In the

mechanical department two classifications are made

the mechanical andelectrical departments . The fullcourse is three years , and after graduation,

under

the school supervision one year is to be spent as

mechanics in theworkshops to complete the studies .

For the men of industrial pursuits or their family

who have actually engaged in the practical pursuit

for one full year, having intention to study in one

or more of the above mentioned studies ,the special

class shall be Openedfor them for the term not ex

ceeding two years. The graduates since the openingare 263, and the present students 227.


The Industrial Apprentices School, belonging to

the above school,is specially opened to instruct the

sons of carpenter or smith of the necessary studies

for the workmen. The wood works departmentcomprises the carpentry and joinery , and the metalworks department, brass, copper and iron works.

The full course is three years, andafter graduation,

for the sake of practice, two years are to be spent as

apprentice in the workshops , always to be under

the control of this school . The graduates are 12

since the opening andthe present students are 53.

Iieh

I

Li

r

l

ll

f This school was established in 1887,

and belongs to the Educational Department. The

studies are paintings , sculpture, architecture, and

other arts,dividedinto common and proper depart

ments. The common is the preparatory class to theproper , and the course is two years. In the proper,painting , sculpture, architecture and other fine arts

are taught ; the coursefor studies being three years.

The graduates since the opening are 22,and the

present students 220.

Tel” This school was establishedin 1871, and belongs to the Department of Com

munications. The object is to instruct those whodevote themselves ’to the service of Post and Tele

graphs, of the necessary studies relating to them.

The studies are divided into AandB departments.

In the A department the theory and practice of

postal and telegraphic administration are taught,


School. FullCourse.

Hokkaidb. Hakodate Proper CdurseCommerce

Proper Coure

DrawingArt School. A. Art’s Design

Art’

s design B. Arts DesignOsaka Com Proper Coursemercial CommerceSchool. Attached

Kanaga wa . Proper Course

Special

Aichi. Proper CoursePreparatory

Ishikawa. Drawing Fine

Industrial Arts Meohin FineArts

calArts.

Hiroshima. OnomichiCommercialCommerceSchool.

Commercial

Fukuoka. Hakata CommercialSchool.

COMMERCIAL a INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS

AdministraveBoard.

Municipal.

By 0116 .

Prefecture] .

By ChO.

483'


CHAPTER XII.

MERCANTILEAND INDUSTRIAL MUSEUM .

In everylocality of theEmpire the mercantile or

industrial museums came into ex istense in lateyears, showing the rapidincrease in number. The

object is to collect and arrange the foreign and

domestic produce for the reference of the public,

andfor the purpose of promoting the commerce and

industries. The organiz ation is under the controlof local government, either maintenanced by the

public or private. The name and situation are

shown in the follewing pages .

Besides, there are museums belonging to the

Imperial Household, one each in Tokyo, Kyoto,

and Nara. Those belonging to the EducationalDepartment are Imperial University Library,University Botanical Garden,

Q

Tokyo Library,and Tokyo Educational Museum. Industrial and

Competitive ex positions are held in each pre

fecture, city, town or village, or several prefectures

etc. are joined together in the ex position in the

fix edtime of the year,to encourage andpromote the

development of each respective industry. The ex

pense is defrayed by the public or by the private

promoters. In case of the united ex position the

Department of Agriculture and Commerce awards

the priz e.

MERCANTILE AND INDUSTRIAL MUSEUM. 487

Meintenance.

O saka Commercial ByEu.

O saka Museum

F ukushima Prefecture Products Museum Prefectural.

Porcelain andEarthen“fare Museum Private.

Aichi Prefecture Museum Prefectural.

Kyoto Porcelain and Earthen W are

Collection Privat e.

Niigata CommercialMuseum

Iwate Products Museum

Mie Prefdcture Products Muieum

Fukui City Products Museum

IndustrialSpecimen Museum

Kanamwa IndustrialMuseum

Tsiiseikwan ByGun.

Nara Products Collection Private.

Miyazaki PrefectureIndustrial Prefectural

Hokkaido Land Products Specimens

Museum By AdministHakodate

Hakodate Aq uatic Products Museum


Dojimahamadori, Kitaku, Osaka.

Honcho, Higashiku,

Fukushimacho, Fukushima Prefecture

Hong6mura Onumagori, n

Gojo, Shimokyfiku, Kyoto.

Ishidz uecho, Nugata City.

In Park of Tsu City.

SakaeNakacho, Fukui Prefecture.

In the Park ofKanaz awa City.

Komatsucho, Nomigori, IshikawaPr ef’

ture.

Naracho, Nara Profecture.

Miyaz akicho, Miyaz aki Prefecture.

In the ParkSakajima , Sapporoku.

In the Park,

Feathers

FineArt School, TfikyfiFishes, DriedandSaltedFlannelFlax , Hemp and Jute

Floss Silk W aste

Flours ( ex ported)Flours ( imported)Freight andother

port Goods

Foreign Trade afterAnsei PeriodForeignTrade beforeAnsei PeriodFurniture

Furs

0 0 0 0 0 0 o n.

entures and Divisions of

theEmpireGGOga hicalPosition of the Em

Hakodate PortHamaguriHarboursHats andCaps .

Hemp andJute YarnHemp ClothHides. Baflalo andCow "

HigherCommercialSchool. T6ky6 .

Honorary Consul, Location of

Indigo, DriedIndustrialSchool, TanyaIndustryIodide of PotashIriko or Beche de Met

Iron, Bar andRodIron, NailIron. PigIron, Pipes andTubesIron. Plate andSheetiron, RailIron, ScrewIron, Sheet ( electro plat

ed) .

Iron

IVOI’

S’ VVOl'kS s o. 0 0 0 0 0 0 s ee

INDEX.

J

JapaneseandAmericanTrade

Kauten or ColleVegetaleKfibe PortKyato

NagasakiNavigation School. TfikybNews Papers andMagazinesNiigata Port

Lakes

Lantern

Lead. Tea on

Leather, allKinds ofLeather. SoleLegation, Location of

Lily BulbsLocomotive EngineLogwood, Ex tract of

Machinery, Mining andPart ofMachinery, Paper Maki ngMachinery, SpinningManutactorieeMaritime Communications

MatchesMcasuresMentholCrystalMercuryMilkMineralsMountain ChainsMousselinedelaineMuseum, Commercialandlndustrial

Mussel

Packing MattsPaint inOilPapersPaper, Foreign

Paper, GampiPaper,Paper, W allPaper W orks

Peony BarksPhosphorousAmorphousPictures

Population of theEmpire

Post and Telegraph School, "30155Private Schools, Table ofPublic Schools, Table of

Railway CarriagesRape-seed

R .ttan

Regulation under which AmercanTrade is to be conducted in

JapanRice

Rice ( imported)Rivers

S .

Sake

Salmon andCodSaltSalt PetreSalycilicAcIdSardine, Dried .

Satin,

Satin, Cotton andSilk Mix edSchools, Commercialand Indus

INDEX. 491

Shirtings, W hite

SilkGoodsSilk HandkerchiefsSilkManufactures

Silk, NoeniSilk, RawSilk, TamaSilk, W aste

Soap, ToiletSoap, W ashingSocks and Stockings

Soda , Caustic

SoyStar-auras

SteamBoiler andEngineSteamVesselsSteelSteelW ireStrawBoardStrawPlaitsSugars

SulphurSulphuric Acid

T.

Table of Commodities Ex portedfrom Japan to theUnited States

Table of Commoudities Importedfrom theUnitedStates to Japan.

Table of Ex ported and ImportedCommodities

Table ofEx ported Commodities toVarious

Table of Imported Commoditiesf.omVarious Countries

Taf

bleof Merchant Vessels Clearedor 0 0 . Cl. 0 0 . 0 0 .

TableofMerchant Vessels Enteredfrom

Tafble of Sailing Vessels Clearedor

Table of Sailing Ves sels Entered

Table of Specie and Bullion ExportedandImported

Table of Specie andBullion Ex ported to Various Countries

Table of Specie andBullion Imported fromVarious Countries

Tableof Steamers ClearedTable of Steamers EnteredfromTable Showing American and

Japanese TradeTariff ConventionTariff , Ex portTariff, Immrt

Tariff of Consular Fee and ChargesforAttendances

Tea, BlackTea , DustTea,Tea .

TelegraphTelegraphW ireTimbers and Planks ( ex ported)Timbers and PlanksTinTin importedi.

Tk fi CityTortoiseShellTreaty of America andJapanTreaty of Amity andCommercebetweenAmerica andJapan

umbrell“Umbrella,Unions and Associations. CocialandIndustrial

VermicelliVermilionVictorialawnVictuals andBeverages

INDEX .

Yakbgai Shell

W ares, EarthenandPorcelainW ares, GlassW ares. India Rubber

Laoq ueredW ares, Shippoor CloisonneW ares, SteelW ares, W oodenW atchesW ax . ParaphineW ax ,

W eightsW heatW ineW indowGlassW ire, Brass

W oolenClothsW oolenYarn

ire of Japan - Forgotten Books

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