ICAPST -2021 - Division of Environmental Physics

SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON

ADVANCES IN

PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

ICAPST -2021

May 27-29, 2021

Book of Abstracts

Edited by

Dr. K. Navaneetha Pandiyaraj

Associated With

Organized by

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

An Autonomous Institution | Approved by AICTE, New Delhi | Affiliated to Anna University

Accredited by NBA| & NAAC with A GradeSri Shakthi Nagar, L & T By - Pass,

Chinniyampalayam Post, Coimbatore -641062, India

Transactions on Plasma Sciences

Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India

ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| i

Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology (SIET) was established in the

year 2006 by Dr. S. Thangavelu, with the zeal to provide quality Engineering Education to

the young minds and to make them innovative employable Engineers.

Sri Shakthi is accredited by NAAC with A grade and also SIET is the youngest

institution in India, accredited by National Board of Accreditation (NBA) for four courses

namely Mech , ECE, CSE and IT. We have been consecutively recognized as the best

industry connect institute with platinum ranking by the AICTE-CII survey of Industry-

linked technical Institutions for the years from 2014 to 2017 and received awards under

Established Engineering Institution for Electronics & allied courses in 2017 and in 2014

as Emerging Engineering Institution category as close competitor. Sri Shakthi symbolizes

'creative & progressive power' of dynamic youth and is ranked among top 10 percent of

3000 colleges across India to receive National Employability Award and The Times Group

Award for Excellence in Education. We are the pioneer Institute in India, chosen by Indian

Electronics & Semiconductor Industries Association to launch their premier courses on

VLSI design and embedded product design.

The inspirational leaders such as Padmashri A. Sivathanu Pillai, Padmashri R.M.

Vasagam, Mylswamy Annadurai, Dr. Sandeep Garg, P. Venkat Rangan, Mr. Sanjeev

Keskar, Mr. Srikantan Moorthy, A.K.Pattabiraman, Mr. Varadharajan, Ms. Hema Gopal,

Mr. K. Ganesan, Madhusudan Atre, Mr. Vivek Pawar, Kamesh Namuduri, Mr. Jayaram

Pillai, Mr. Veerappan, Mr. Parthasarathy, Mr. VA Shiva Ayyadurai, Kiran Bedi, Prof. John

A Davis, Kavi Perarasu Vairamuthu, Mr. Chetan Bhagat, Mr. Rajesh Nair, Mr. Kannan

Ramamani and Mrs. Anuradha Srinivasan have visited our campus to inspire our

students.

The institute is also collaborated with worldwide universities and industries to

support our mission. Oracle, CISCO, National Instruments, Cadence, Xilinx, Infosys,

Wipro, MindTree, AMI, Siemens, Dassault Systems, TTK prestige, HP Enterprise, Virtusa

Polaris, Gyan Matrix, IESA, NASSCOM, IEI, ISTE, IEEE and ITB are few among them.

The institute currently offers thirteen degree programs in the field of Agricultural,

Automobile, Bio Medical, Bio Technology, Electrical and Electronics, Electronics and

Communication, Computer Science, Food Technology, Information Technology,

Mechanical, Civil, and and master degree programs in the fields of VLSI Design,

Engineering Design, Structural Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Power

Electronics & Drives.


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| ii

FOREWORD

Plasma Science and Technology exploits the reactive unique properties of the

plasma medium to develop novel materials and processes that are difficult to be realized

by conventional means. Plasma technology is extensively used in space, nuclear, bio-

medical, therapeutic and societal applications.

This is the Second time that Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology

is organizing a International conference in the field of Plasma Science and Technology. The

focus of the conference is on recent developments in thermal plasma technology, plasma

surface engineering, dielectric barrier discharges, plasmas in biomedical applications, etc.

The conference would offer an effective platform to discuss the recent developments in the

field of Plasma Science and Technology and chart out future direction. Experts from

International and National laboratories and Universities would be delivering lectures on

various aspects of Plasma Science and Technology. A bound volume of the abstracts of the

papers that would be presented is being brought out, which would provide useful guideline

to young researchers in the field.

I would like to acknowledge the help of the members of the International and

national advisory committee for their valuable suggestions and also the local organizing

committee in successfully organizing this important conference.

Dr. S. Thangavelu

Chairman

Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| iii

MESSAGE FROM CHAIRMAN

I am glad that Department of Physics, Sri Shakthi Institute of

Engineering and Technology is organizing International Conference on

Advance in Plasma Science and Technology during May 27-29, 2021.

Plasma Science is one of the frontier areas of human quest in the

field of science, holding out great promise across the wide spectral issues

of emerging technologies like material synthesis, nano technology,

medicine, environment etc. My firm belief of the prospect of this

conference will provide a great opportunity for the participants who are

working in the area of plasma science and technology to share their

recent innovation and venture through the interaction among

themselves. I anticipate this mutual interaction among the delegates will help to update

the knowledge and create a path way for new collaboration and exploration leading to

development in the emerging area of plasma science and technology.

My best wishes for grand success of the conference.

Dr. S. Thangavelu

Chairman


Dr.S.Thangavelu

Chairman


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| iv

MESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL

I am delighted to meet you through this page. Education is

not only an act of acquiring knowledge but learning a skill to lead

life and grooming ones personality. Education of the highest order

aims at guiding, inspiring, motivating and leading young men and

women to become successful leaders to serve the country better.

Research is the key parameter to promote the individuality to

horizon. In order to create the best researchers the institution has

been providing to enhance the research activities even from the

budding researchers since its origin.

International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and

Technology, an advent venue of the researchers is planned this year

2021. I hope this forum will provide enlightening contributions from researchers working

in the area of plasma science and technology.

I appreciate the effort made by Department of Physics in organizing this conference

and wish the conference grand success.

With immense pleasure, I welcome all the contributors for this conference.

Dr.A.R.Ravikumar

Principal


Dr.A.R.Ravikumar

Principal


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| v

DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE

In this age of rapidly changing technologies, it is essential for all

research and teaching professionals to keep abreast of the latest

developments, emerging trends & techniques in the area of expertise.

Certain issues and challenges faced in these areas need to be taken care

of with proper solutions.

In this regard, an Second International conference on Advanced

in Plasma Science and Technology provides an ideal platform to the

research and teaching professionals to share their findings before the

peer members and experts. Also, the various sub-themes of the

conference will offer the delegates ample opportunities to learn new

inventions and incorporate the same in their respective field of

research.

I am very happy and congratulate the conference chair for organizing the conference

on a well thought issue pertinent to the plasma science and technology.

I welcome all external delegates to this conference and wish the conference a grand

success.

Dr. S. Poornachandra

Director

Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering & Technology

Dr. S. Poornachandra Director


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| vi

PREFACE

The Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and

Technology (ICAPST-2021) aims to provide an outstanding opportunity for both academic

and industrial communities alike to address new trends, challenges and emerging

technologies on topics relevant to today’s technological advancements in the area of plasma

science and technology. The conference features invited talks, contributed oral and poster

presentations in various emerging area of plasma science and Technology.

The vision of ICAPST-2021 is to foster communication among researchers and

practitioners working in a wide variety of areas in Plasma science and Technology.

I begin by thanking and applauding to Dr.S.Thangavelu, Founder and Chairman,

Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology for his guidance, insight and

encouragement were indispensable during all aspects of this conference, and without these

grand event would not have succeeded. I am extending my deep sense of gratitude to

Er.T.Dheepan, Secretary and Mr.T.Sheelan, Join Secretary for their valuable suggestion

and kind support in organizing the conference.

I express my profound gratitude to Dr.A.R.Ravikumar, Principal and

Dr.S.Poornachandra, Director Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology for

extending their unlimited support in all aspects without which this conference could not

have been arranged.

I am grateful to Dr.P.V.A. Padmanabhan, President, Power Beam Society of India,

Dr. Anthony B. Murphy, CSIRO Manufacturing, Australia, Dr. Srikumar Ghorui, Laser

and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, India

Dr.R.R.Deshmukh, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Dr. Nilson C Cruz, São

Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, Dr. Rino Morent, Ghent University, Belgium,

Dr.K.Ramachandiran, Dr.G.Shanmugavelautham and Dr.K.Suresh, Bharathair

University, Dr.S.Yugeswaran, Pondicherry University, who have source of strength in

organizing the conference and also giving their timely suggestions and encouragement.

I extremely grateful to Pof. Dr. Steven J. Gitomer, Editor-in-Chief, IEEE

Transactions on Plasma Science for giving an opportunity to publish our conference

selective articles to IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science as an special issue.

I would like to thank everyone who has shown interest in participating the

conference, record my sincere thankful and full appreciation to all the invited speaker who

have readily accepted our invitation and delivered talks and also sending manuscript in

time. We equally thankful to the plasma science and technology community who have

contributed papers for oral and poster sessions.

I deeply thank local, national and internal advisory members for their valuable

suggestions to organize this prestigious event. The conference bring hope that the plasma

community is vibrant to take plasma science and technology forward to higher level in

nation building

Dr.K.Navaneetha Pandiyaraj,

Organizing Chair, ICAPST


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

KEY NOTE ADDRESS

Abstract

ID Title of the abstract

Page

No

KEY

Research Highlights from IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science – 2020 - 2021

Steven Gitomer, TPS Editor-in-Chief

1

PLENARY LECTURES

Abstract


Page

No

PLE-01

Modelling of Arc Welding: From a Research Tool to Software

for Industry

Anthony B. Murphy, Fiona F. Chen, David G. Thomas, Dayalan Gunasegaram

2

PLE-02

A Novel Variable Frequency APPJ Device and its Unique

Discharge Dynamics

S. Ghorui

3

PLE-03

Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation: from fundamentals to

applications

Rosana F. Antônio, Cesar A. Antônio, Lívia Sottovia, Thais G. Matiello, Elidiane C. Rangel, Nilson C Cruz

4

PLE-04 Plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds for nerve regeneration

Rouba Ghobeira, Nathalie De Geyter, Rino Morent 5

INVITED CONTRIBUTIONS

Abstract

ID

Title of the abstract Page

No

INV-01

In situ infrared absorption analysis of silicon nanoparticles

generated by means of atmospheric plasma jets

Jan Benedikt, Maren Dworschak, Jessica Ruhnke, Sadegh Askari

7

INV-02

Plasma Deposition of Advanced Thin Films and

Nanostructured Materials

A. Bendavid

8

INV-03

Diagnostics of Production of Cobalt by Hydrogen Plasma

Technology

Kali Charan Sabat

9


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INV-04

Capacitively coupled plasma discharges excited by tailored

waveform – a simulation study

Nishant Sirse, Sarveshwar Sharma, Miles Turner

10

INV-05

Bimodal fluctuation dynamics in magnetized complex

astroclouds

Pralay Kumar Karmakar, Dhrubajit Kalita

11

INV-06

Applications of Energetic Neutrals Extracted from Glow

Discharge Plasmas

M. Perumal, Suraj Kumar Sinha

12

INV-07

Controlled Release of drugs from hydrogels by Cold −

atmospheric Plasma mediated Surface Engineering, with

special use of cross linkers

Smruti Prava Das

13

INV-08

Optimizing Surfaces Performance for Technological

Applications: Deposition of Si-Based Films in

Hexamethyldisiloxane Plasmas

Elidiane Cipriano Rangel

14

INV-9

Mechanism of Ampicillin Degradation by Nonthermal Plasma

Treatment with FE-DBD

Hai-Feng (Frank) JI

16

INV-10 Interactions of plasmas with droplets and virus aerosols

Gaurav Nayak, Peter J. Bruggeman 17

INV-11

Non-thermal plasma induced immunomodulation and its role

in treatment of HIV-1 infection

Vandana Miller, Hager Mohamed, Katharina Stapelmann, Fred C.

Krebs

19

INV-12

Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on fabric

weave construction and properties

Rajendra R. Deshmukh, Shital S. Palaskar

20

INV-13

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet and Its Biomedical

Application

Deepak Prasad Subedi, Hom Bahadur Baniya, Rajendra Shrestha, Rajesh Prakash Guragain

21

INV-14 Catallytic Non-Thermal Plasma: An Advanced Oxidation

Process for Air and Waste Water Treatment

C. Subrahmanyam

22

INV-15

FTIR investigations of hydrogenated amorphous carbon

deposited using Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Ioana Cristina Gerber, Ilarion Mihaila, Valentin Pohoata, Ionut

Topala

24


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| ix

INV-16

Plasma-assisted deposition of bifunctional coatings on titanium implants

Monica Thukkaram, Renee Coryn, Mahtab Asadian , Parinaz Saadat Esbah Tabae, Petra Rigole, Naveenkumar Rajendhran, Anton Nikiforov, Jacob Sukumaran, Tom Coenye, Pascal Van Der Voort, Gijs Du Laing 5, Rino Morent, Alexander Van Tongel, Lieven De Wilde, Patrick De Baets, Kim Verbeken, Nathalie De Geyter

25

INV-17

Investigation on post field emission transformation of directly grown GNWs on metallic wires

Rajib Kar, Shreya G Sarkar, Love Mishra, Rashmi Tripathi,

R.O. Dusane, D.S. Patil, Namita Maiti

26

INV-18 Possible application of plasmas as tunable metamaterials

Rajneesh Kumar 27

INV-19

Elimination of Candida Albicans Bacteria by Cold Plasma

Systems

Necdet Aslan

28

INV-20

Plasma-based conversion of molecular precursors for low-

temperature, sustainable synthesis of chemicals and materials

R. Mohan Sankaran

29

INV-21 Anode fireball for making super-hydrophobic nanodot surfaces

Mukesh Ranjan, Siddhart Phukan, Vivek Pachichigar 30

INV-22

On Inactivation of Breast Cancer Cell by Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Jet of Argon with Nitrogen Seeding: Understanding the Effect of Reactive Species and Excitation Frequency

V.C. Misra, B. Ganesh Pai, N. Tiwari, B.S. Patro, S. Ghorui

31

INV-23

Air plasma-water interactions for biomedical/agriculture applications of plasma activated water

Zdenko Machala

32

INV-24

Wastewater Treatment and Nanomaterial Synthesis by Microplasma Technology

K. Suresh, S. Meiyazhagan, E.R. Kavitha, S. Yugeswaran

33

INV-25 Plasma Activated Water as a Source of Green Fertilizer

Lakshminarayana Rao 34

INV-26 Cold plasma applications in food and agriculture

R. Mahendran 35

INV-27

Plasma sprayed multilayered thermal barrier coating systems: An overview

S.T. Aruna

36


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INV-28

Architect coating microstructures using plasma spraying for energy harvesting applications

Yugeswaran Subramaniam

37

INV-29

A novel plasma assisted recovery of metals from metal bearing solid waste

R. Saravanakumar, K. Ramachandran

38

INV-30

Study on Superhydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of Cotton and PET fabric by DC glow discharge plasma

G. Shanmugavelayutham

39

INV-31

Detoxification of aflatoxins in red chillies (Capsiucm anuum L.) using low pressure cold plasma

S.H.D. Udeshika, A.B.G.C.J. De Silva, T. Dissanayake, S.C. Amarasena, P. Abeysundara, P.N.R.J. Amunugoda

40

INV-32

Evolution of Small Perturbations Into Nonlinear Stationary Structures In Ionospheric Plasma

Swarniv Chandra

41

ORAL AND POSTER CONTRIBUTIONS

Abstract


Page

No

OP-01

First results of recently developed prototype Magneto-Optic

Current Sensor (MOCS) diagnostic for plasma current

measurements in ADITYA-U tokamak

Santosh P. Pandya, Kumudni Tahiliani, Praveenlal E. V., Sameer Kumar Jha, Lavkesh T. Lachwani, Suman Aich, Surya Kumar Pathak, Rakesh L. Tanna, Joydeep Ghosh, ADITYA-U team

42

OP-02

Effect of asymmetric laser pulse on Laser wakefield

acceleration in underdense plasma

Vivek Sharma, Sandeep Kumar, Niti Kant, Vishal Thakur

43

OP-03

Quantum and relativistic effects on the KdV and envelope

solitons in ion-plasma waves

H. Sahoo, C. Das, S. Chandra, B. Ghosh, K.K. Mondal

44

OP-04

Estimation of Eddy Magnetic Field at Magnetic Probes in

Aditya-U Tokamak

S. Aich, J. Ghosh, T. M. Macwan, R. Kumar, R. L. Tanna, D. Raju, S.

Jha, P. K. Chattopadhyay, E. V. Praveenlal, K. A. Jadeja, K. Patel, K.

Singh, S. Dolui, ADITYA-U team

45

OP-05

Cathode position detection in a transferred arc plasma using

artificial neural network

Shakti Prasad Sethi, Debi Prasad Das, Santosh Kumar Behera

46


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| xi

OP-06

Conceptual Design of Multichannel FEB Detection System to

Study Suprathermal Electron Dynamics during Lower Hybrid

Current Drive (LHCD) in ADITYA-U Tokamak

Jagabandhu Kumar, Santosh P. Pandya, P. K. Sharma

47

OP-07

Efficient terahertz radiation by relativistic self-focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam in magnetized plasma under higher-order paraxial region

Gunjan Purohit, Pradeep Kothiyal, Bineet Gaur, Amita Raizada

48

OP-08

A Comparison Study of Plasma Torch Characteristics Using

Air and Carbon dioxide

V. Yugesh, P. Amarnath, S. Yugeswaran, P.V. Ananthapadmnabhan

49

OP-09

Spatial variation of plasma parameters in a pulsed plasma

accelerator

S. Singha, A. Ahmed, S. Borthakur, N.K. Neog, T.K. Borthakur

50

OP-10

Numerical study on the effect of plasma density on Runaway Electron suppression in the ADITYA-U tokamak

Ansh Patel, Santosh P. Pandya, Tanmay M. Macwan, Umeshkumar C. Nagora, Jayesh V. Raval, K.A. Jadeja, Sameer Kumar Jha, Rohit Kumar, Suman Aich, Suman Dolui, Kaushlender Singh, K. M. Patel, Kumudni Tahiliani, Surya Kumar Pathak, Rakesh L. Tanna, Joydeep Ghosh, Manoj Kumar, ADITYA-U team

51

OP-11

Effect of reduced electric field on the methane conversion in

dbd and arc discharges operated using methane-air mixture: A

simulation study

Ram Mohan Pathak, J. Ananthanarasimhan, Lakshminarayana Rao

52

OP-12

Comparison of performance of cold atmospheric plasma and

two conventional methods for inactivation of the Alternaria sp.

C. Alves-Júnior, L.J.A. de Lima, J. O. Vitoriano, M.C.S. Campêlo, L.C. de Figuerêdo

53

OP-13 Gas plasma sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin

Milad Rasouli, Mahmood Ghoranneviss, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov 54

OP-14

Computational analysis of non-thermal plasma dynamics in a

low pressure continuous DBD reactor for liquid foods

decontamination

M. Dharini, R. Anbarasan, S. Jaspin, Mahendran

55

OP-15

Computational dynamics for DBD plasma system to predict the

reactive species concentration and to evaluate individual

species influence on chlorpyrifos degradation in soybean

R. Anbarasan, M. Dharini, Mahendran

56

OP-16

Numerical simulation of the characteristics of DC glow

discharge confined by mirror and cusp magnetic fields

M.S. Janarthini, V.R. Barath, K. Ramachandran

57


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OP-17

Hydrophilization of ritonavir drug using pulsed oxygen plasma

treatment for enhanced wettability, solubility and dissolution

Ajinkya M. Trimukhe, Satish V. Rojekar, Rajendra R. Deshmukh, Pradeep R. Vavia

58

OP-18

Room-temperature toluene decomposition by catalytic non-

thermal plasma reactor

KVSS Bhargavi, Debjyoti Ray, Ch. Subrahmanyam

59

OP-19

Ceria nanoparticles synthesis through microplasma array

discharge method and its supercapacitor performance

assessment

E.R. Kavitha, S. Meiyazhagan, S. Yugeswaran, K. Suresh

60

OP-20

Study of addition of aluminum on electrochemical features of

low-reflectivity TiAlN coatings

Aida M. Echavarría, Hernán D. Mejía V, G. Gilberto Bejarano

61

OP-21

Study on Cold Plasma Treatment for Improving the Shelf Life

of Soya Chunks in Food Industry

Thirumalaisamy Anupriyanka, Gurusamy Shanmugavelayutham

62

OP-22

Effect of reduced electric field on toluene dissociation in a

rotating gliding arc discharge: A simulation study

J. Ananthanarasimhan, Lakshminarayana Rao

63

OP-23

Plasma assisted Hopcalite (CuMnOx) catalysis for toluene

removal in an air stream

S. Sonar, J.-M.Giraudon, S.K.P.Veerapandian, J.-F. Lamonier, R. Morent, N. De Geyter, A.Löfberg

64

OP-24

Enrichment of Hydroponic Farming by Paw Spray Gliding Arc Plasma Generator

Khanit Matra, Yottana Tanakaran, Suthida Theepharaksapan, Vijitra Luang-In

66

OP-25

Post-harvest decontamination of rocket leaves through plasma activated water (PAW): effects on quality and shelf-life

Giorgia Gozzi, Beatrice Cellini, Romolo Laurita, Silvia Tappi, Doaa Abouelenein, Sauro Vittori, Vittorio Colombo, Pietro Rocculi, Marco Dalla Rosa, Lucia Vannini

68

OP-26

Solvation of Gaseous Nitrous Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Ozone in the Bulk Water

Mostafa Elsayed Hassan, Mário Janda, Zdenko Machala

70

OP-27

Development of Atmospheric Plasma Spary Coatings of Rare Earth Phosphates on Graphite Substrate

S. Bhandari, N. Tiwari, Y. Chakravarthy, V. Chaturvedi Misra, S Ghorui, T. Mahata

71

OP-28

Studies on the development of rare earth silicate-based environmental barrier coatings by plasma spraying

S. Senthil Kumar, N. Balaji, Easwari Padma, S.T. Aruna

72


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OP-29

Computational modeling on Cu-Ni alloy evaporation in DC free burning arc plasma

G D Dhamale, Subrat Kumar Das, Satya Prakash Reddy Kandada, R. Abiyazhin, K. Ramachandran, C Balasubramanian

73

OP-30

Radical Generation in Interaction of Thermal Plasma Jet of Air with Water

N. Tiwari, V. C. Misra, S. Bhandari, Y.C. Chakraborty, S. Ghorui

74

OP-31

Efficient electron acceleration in vacuum by using trapezoidal laser pulse envelope

A.K. Pramanik, Niti Kant, Jyoti Rajput

75

OP-32

Combined effect of spatio-temporal dynamics of laser pulse on electron acceleration in relativistic plasma

Proxy Kad, Arvinder Singh

76

OP-33

Fluid Modeling of Plasma Formed via Microwave Gas Discharge in a Cavity Resonator at Low Pressures by Comsol Multiphysics Software

Hadi Yusefnejad, Mohammad Kazem Salem, Mahmood Ghoranneviss, Hadi Zaker Khatir

77

OP-34

The effect of rotating strongly coupled magnetized Quantum plasma on gravitational instability

K Gwala, A K Patidar, R K Pensia, H. Joshi

78

OP-35

Computational optimization of plasma parameters for plasma surface modification of Titanium for dental implant

Bivek Pradhan, Utpal Deka

79

PP-01

Effects of Multi-hollow Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Plasma Treatment on Detoxification of Aflatoxins on Peanut

Seeds

Gebremedhin Gebremariam

80

PP-02

Aiding curative remediation of biodeteriorated archival paper

using oxygen plasma

Salgo Merin Ricki Elenjikamalil, Gauree A. Arolkar, R.R. Deshmukh, Varsha Kelkar-Mane

81

PP-03

Excitation of electron plasma wave by self-focused cosh-

Gaussian laser beam in collisionless plasma and electron

accelerations

Gunjan Purohit, Bineet Gaur, Pradeep Kothiyal

82

PP-04

Pulsed plasma electrolytic oxidation as strategy to produce

optical selective surfaces

Richelly Nayhene de Lima, Jussier de Oliveira Vitoriano, Clodomiro Alves-Junior

83

PP-05

Influence of Aluminum Content on The Microstructure,

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialn Coatings

Hernán D. Mejía V, Mauricio A. Franco, Gilberto G. Bejarano

84


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PP-06

Role of Kinetic Alfven Waves and Associated Turbulence

Generation in the Magnetotail Reconnection Region

Neha Pathak, S. C. Sharma, R.P. Sharma

85

PP-07

Influence of Nitrogen Flow Variation on the Structural,

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialvn Coatings

Deposited by Dc Magnetron Sputtering

Francisco Giraldo, Gilberto Bejarano, Jhon J. Olaya

86

PP-08

The effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on

the electrostatic properties of corona charged nonwoven filter

media

M. F. Bekkara, L. Dascalescu, T. Zeghloul, Y. Benmimoun, A.

Tilmatine, M. B Neagoe

87

PP-09

A Study on Sagdeev Pseudo Potential and Electrostatic

Potential of Solitons in Four Component magnetized Dusty

Plasma

Mythili Kailas, T. Pavithra, K. Raghavi, L. Kavitha

88

PP-10

Thin film solar cells materials modification by ion irradiation

in inductively coupled plasma reactor

Krunoslav Juraić, Mario Bohač, Nikša Krstulović, Davor Gracin

89

PP-11

Large amplitude ion acoustic Solitary waves in

multicomponent warm ion quantum plasma with degenerate

electrons

Kishan Kumar, M. K. Mishra

90

PP-12

Effects of transverse electric and magnetic fields on THz

generation by laser filaments in the collisional plasma

Sandeep Kumar

91

PP-13

Rotational properties of annulus dusty plasma in a strong

magnetic field

Mangilal Choudhary, Roman Bergert, Sandra Moritz, Slobodan Mitic, Markus H. Thoma

92

PP-14

Effect of plasma bubbling on textural and engineering

properties of Ready-To-Eat pearl millet flakes and puffs

R. Lokeswari, R. Mahendran

93

PP-15

HASS Study for Stationary Formations in a Four Component

Dense Magnetoplasma with Lateral Perturbations

Souradeep Thakur, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra

94

PP-16

Electron Acoustic Peregrine Breathers in a Quantum Plasma

with One Dimensional Temperature Anisotropy

Payel Ghosh, Arnab Das, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra

95

PP-17

Formation of Nonlinear Stationary Structures in Ionospheric

Plasma

Gobinda Manna, Suman Dey, Amrita Gupta, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Swarniv Chandra

96


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| xv

PP-18

Two Stream Instability and Particle Escape in the Venusian

Ionosphere

Suman Dey, Saptarshi Ghosh, Debjit Maity, Swarniv Chandra

97

PP-19

Plasma Shock Wave in Gamma Ray Bursts; Nonlinear

Phenomena and Radiative Process

Swastik Ballav, Ansuman Das, Sourav Singha, Swarniv Chandra

98

PP-20

Homotopy Study of Spherical Ion-Acoustic Waves in

Relativistic Degenerate Galactic Plamsa

Soumya Sarkar, Anuradha Sett, Suman Pramanick, Tamal Ghosh, Swarniv Chandra, Chinmay Das

99

PP-21

Ion Acoustic Double Layers and Solitons in a Dense Plasma

Around critical regime

Indranil Maiti, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Swarniv Chandra, Shreyasi

Mukherjee, Kuntal Samanta

100

PP-22

Multistability Studies on Electron-Acoustic Wave in a

Magnetized Plasma with Supra-thermal Ions

Rupanjan Banerjee, Jit Sarkar, Soureen Zaman, Lakshita Bageja, Swarniv Chandra

101

PP-23

Rogue Wave Generation through Non-Linear Self Interaction of

Electrostatic Waves in Dense Plasma

Ankur Dey, Trisita Das, Surajit Mandal, Swarniv Chandra

102

PP-24

Transverse fluctuations and their effects on the stable

functioning of semiconductor devices

Biswasaran Panda, Anusree Sen, Sweta Mallik, Swarniv Chandra

103

PP-25

Evolution of Envelop Soliton and associated Instability During

Intense Laser Plasma Interaction: Homotopy Analysis

Ahona Majumdar, Ritwik Ghosal, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra

104

PP-26

Resonant Interactions Between the Fundamental and Higher

Harmonics of Nonlinear Surface Waves in Degenerate Plasma

Amit Ghosh, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Hema Chhibber, Yash Arya, Swarniv Chandra

105

PP-26

Magnetosonic shocks and solitons in Fermi plasma with

quasiperiodic perturbation

Sharry, Debiposad Dutta, Mrittika Ghosh, Swarniv Chandra

106

PP-28

Bifurcaion Analysis of Electron Acoustic Waves in Degenerate

Astrophysical Plasma: Chaos and Multistability

Debapriya Nandi, Dayita Bhattacharjee, Jit Sarkar, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra

107


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| xvi

PP-29

Forced-KdV Solitary Structure and its Evolution into Envelope

Solitons in a magnetised plasma containing degenerate

electrons and Kappa distributed ions

Ankita Dey, Chinmay Das, Jit Sarkar, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Swarniv

Chandra

108

PP-30 Non-linear Wave-Wave Interaction in Semiconductor Device

Jyotirmoy Goswami, Jit Sarkar, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra 109

PP-31

Semi Lagrangian Method to study nonlinear electrostatic

waves in quantum plasma through Vlasov equation

Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra, Basdev Ghosh

110

PP-32 Chirped laser beat wave electron acceleration in vacuum

Kavish Middha, Vishal Thakur, Niti Kant, Jyoti Rajput 111

PP-33

Design of the time-of-flight low-energy analyzer for Aditya-U

Tokamak

Snehlata Aggarwal, Santosh P. Pandya, Kumar Ajay

112

PP-34

Comparative Study of I-V Charactersitics of Plasma-Metal

Junction with the Diodes I-V Characteristics

Sneha Latha Kommuguri, M. Perumal, TH Rishikanta Singh, Suraj Kumar Sinha

113

PP-35

Impact of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on microbial

reduction and physicochemical qualities in coconut

inflorescence sap (Neera)

Latha Sukumaran, Mahendran Radhakrishnan

114

PP-36

Estimation of diameter of a rotating gliding arc discharge using

high speed imaging technique

J. Ananthanarasimhan, Adarsh Raghuram, Lakshminarayana Rao

115

PP-37

Modulational Instability of four elemental dusty plasma

networks

K. Raghavi, L. Kavitha

116

PP-38 Instabilities in Quantum Semiconductor Plasma: A Review

Krishna Sharma, Utpal Deka 117

PP-39

Simulation of electrical characteristics of the dielectric barrier

discharge using SIMULINK: Effect of operating frequency and

gas type

Ram Mohan Pathak, Ananthanarasimhan Jayanarasimha,

Lakshminarayana Rao

118

PP-40

Oxygen-assisted growth of graphene sheet by PECVD process

Neha Gupta

119


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| xvii

PP-41

Effect of reduced electric field in pin-to-water discharge: A

simulation study

N. Punith, Lakshminarayana Rao

120

PP-42

I-V characteristics of a DC Glow discharge Plasma powered by

a two Voltage sources

Thangjam Rishikanta Singh, Suraj Kumar Sinha

121

PP-43

Magnetized Two-Fluid Spin Quantum Plasmas, A new mode,

stability condition and impurity effect

F. Nooralishahi, M.K. Salem

122

PP-44

Investigation of relativistic thermal distribution in the

anisotropic plasmas

F. Nooralishahi

123

PP-45

Turning Dirty Garbage into Clean Environment: A Cokebed

Based Air Plasma Gasification Technology Developed by BARC

S. Bhandari, N. Tiwari, Y. Chakravarthy, V. Chaturvedi Misra,

S.Ghorui

124

PP-46

Polypyrrole grafting on oxygen plasma-processed nylon 6 fabric for gas sensing application

Ashish A. Nimbekar, Rajendra R. Deshmukh

125

PP-47

Adhesion properties of polypropylene fabric treated with atmospheric pressure plasma and coated with polyurethane: Effect of ageing

Shital S. Palasakar, Ravindra D. Kale, Rajendra R. Deshmukh

126


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21

Key Note Address


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 1

KEYNOTE

Research Highlights from IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science –

2020 - 2021

Steven Gitomer, TPS Editor-in-Chief

Los Alamos National Laboratory (ret), Los Alamos, New Mexico USA

Abstract

The IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is in its 49th year of existence. The journal

is a monthly publication of IEEE, falling under the auspices of the IEEE Nuclear and

Plasma Sciences Society. The journal had 567 papers and 4343 pages published in the

most recently completed calendar year (2020).

The journal covers all aspects of the theory and application of plasma science. It

includes the following areas: magnetohydrodynamics; thermionics and plasma diodes;

basic plasma phenomena; gaseous electronics; microwave/ plasma interactions; electron,

ion, and plasma sources; space plasmas; intense electron and ion beams; laser-plasma

interactions; plasma diagnostics; plasma chemistry and processing; solid-state plasmas;

plasma heating; plasma for controlled fusion research; high energy density plasmas;

industrial/commercial/medical applications of plasma physics; plasma waves and

instabilities; dusty plasmas; high power microwave and submillimeter wave generation;

electromagnetic launch science and technology; terahertz science and technology; etc.

The talk will include a brief history and background of the journal, the journal’s

scope, a summary of the journal’s Special Issue derived from the 1st ICAPST, and brief

synopses of a few recently published research articles, highlighted in the journal’s monthly

e-mail blasts. The plasma science subjects represented in these articles include:

pyrolysis/gasification and plasma conversion technology; arcs and MHD; and Industrial,

commercial, and medical applications of plasmas.

The talk concludes with an announcement of the details of the planned IEEE TPS

Special Issue derived from the 2nd ICAPST. The Special Issue has a target submission date

for selected papers of 01 August 2021, and a scheduled publication date of May 2022.

*****************


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21

Plenary Lecture


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 2

PLE–01

Modelling of Arc Welding: From a Research Tool to Software for

Industry

Anthony B. Murphy 1, *, Fiona F. Chen 2, David G. Thomas 3,

Dayalan Gunasegaram 2

1 CSIRO Manufacturing, PO Box 218, Lindfield NSW 2070, Australia

2 CSIRO Manufacturing, Private Bag 10, Clayton South VIC 3169, Australia

3 CSIRO Data61, Private Bag 10, Clayton South VIC 3169, Australia

* Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Arc welding is widely applied to join metal pieces, using the high heat flux provided

by a thermal arc plasma. The heat partially melts the metal pieces to form a weld pool.

When the weld pool solidifies, the pieces are joined.

Arc welding involves all four states of matter: solid, liquid, gas and plasma. In

existing commercial arc welding software, only the solid metal is modelled. The arc plasma

is only incorporated through boundary conditions on the metal surface. Since the plasma,

and therefore the boundary conditions, are strongly affected by the plasma–metal

interactions, extensive experimental calibration is required for every set of welding

parameters.

We have developed a computational model of arc welding that includes the arc

plasma, as well as the solid and liquid metal and the gas, in the computational domain.

While this introduces additional complexity to the model, it dramatically reduces the

requirements for experimental benchmarking. By introducing appropriate simplifications

and integrating the model with a graphical user interface, we have developed a software

package, ArcWeld, that runs on a standard personal computer and can be easily used by

welding technicians and engineers. ArcWeld can model gas–metal arc welding (also known

as metal inert-gas / metal active-gas welding) of steels and aluminium and magnesium

alloys for a wide range of welding parameters and geometries.

In this talk, I will describe the methods used in the model, including the underlying

equations and the approaches used to treat droplet transfer, metal vapour and the mixing

of alloys in the weld pool. I will also discuss how we have adapted the model from a research

tool to a software product suitable for industry. Finally, I will outline our current work on

extending the model to treat wire–arc additive manufacturing.

*****************

mailto:[email protected]


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 3

PLE–02

A Novel Variable Frequency APPJ Device and its Unique

Discharge Dynamics

S. Ghorui 1,2 *

1 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094

2 Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-

400085


Abstract

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets (APPJ) are gaining rapid momentum in recent

days due to its simplicity, cost effectiveness and wide application in areas ranging from

material processing to biomedical application. The study describes development of a very

low cost novel APPJ device and experimentally investigates the strange discharge

behaviour observed in the system in real time. The novel concept deployed in the design,

resulting electrical response and possible discharge mechanisms are addressed. Strange

looking unique discharge patterns in the system are captured in real time through fast

photography and presented under various excitation frequencies. Possible theory behind

observed unique discharge behaviour and effectiveness of the device are probed.

****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 4

PLE–03

Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation: from fundamentals to applications

Rosana F. Antônio 1,*, Cesar A. Antônio 2, Lívia Sottovia 3,

Thais G. Matiello 2, Elidiane C. Rangel 3, Nilson C Cruz 2*

1 Technological Plasmas, Institute of Science and Tecnology, Paulista State University, Sorocaba,

Brazil.


Abstract

A multitude of process can occur when a voltage is applied between two metallic

electrodes immersed in an electrolytic solution. Under lower voltages, oxygen-containing

negative ions are attracted by the positive voltage producing an oxide layer on the anode.

When the voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of such layer, tiny electric sparks, or

micro-arcs, can be observed moving randomly over the surface of the anode. The energy

delivered by the micro-arcs promotes several processes, including local melting and

evaporation of the coating and the metal, which may result in chemical, structural and

morphological modifications of the substrate without affecting its bulk properties. In this

work, some fundamentals and results obtained with this technique, known as Plasma

Electrolytic Oxidation, Micro-Arc Oxidation or Spark Anodization are presented and

discussed. It has been investigated the influence of treatments performed on titanium,

tantalum, magnesium, aluminum, and carbon steel on physical, chemical and biological

properties of the modified surfaces.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 5

PLE–04

Plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds for nerve regeneration

Rouba Ghobeira 1, Nathalie De Geyter 1, Rino Morent 1,*

1 Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics,

Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 – B4, B-

9000 Ghent (Belgium)


Abstract

An alerting high incidence of peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) reaching over one

million cases worldwide is still lingering over the centuries. This is due to the fact that

peripheral nerves are not protected like the brain and the spinal cord by a bone tissue and

a nerve-blood barrier, making them susceptible to physical, chemical, thermal and/or

ischemic damages at any anatomic site. Luckily, unlike the central nervous system having

a very limited to no ability of regeneration, the peripheral nervous system is marked by its

regenerative machinery initiating nerve repair up to a certain extent. However, the complex

pathophysiology involved in PNI makes the spontaneous regeneration not always

successful. Therefore, interventions to achieve an effective repair are in most cases

unavoidable. Direct nerve repair is the most efficient therapeutic approach but is limited

to extremely short nerve gaps where a tensionless suturing can still be performed. In the

frequent cases involving bigger nerve gaps, the interposition of a supportive structure is

necessary to span the injured site. The use of autologous nerve graft is currently

considered the gold standard and has stayed so all along the previous 50 years. However,

the autograft is associated with some weighty drawbacks such as donor site morbidity,

use of sensory-only nerve, size and fascicular pattern mismatching, extra surgical step,

possible neuroma formation and a success rate of only 50%. In the last few decades, the

advancements in the multidisciplinary tissue engineering (TE) field have led to the

development of nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) as alternative. Just as most scaffolds used

in different TE applications, NGCs typically consist of a physical scaffolding made up of

natural or synthetic polymeric material possibly amalgamated with biomolecular

components and/or support cells. Nerve gaps of maximum 4.0 cm in humans and 1.5 cm

in rats have been successfully bridged. However, nerve regeneration becomes very limited

or completely absent in bigger gaps and functional repair remains deficient across all gap

sizes. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to tackle large nerve gaps by designing a

novel NGC possessing the ideal topographical, mechanical, chemical and cellular cues

triggering a robust regenerative capacity. From a topographical point of view, one elemental

factor that can guarantee the implant success is the mimicry of the fibrillary architecture

of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is known to govern most of the cellular activities in

the body. Electrospinning is by far the most widely used due to its simplicity, versatility

and affordability. From a biochemical point of view, adding free neurotrophic factors to

NGCs is not enough to support cellular activities. A critical limitation of most NGCs is their

deprivation of immobilized proteins because of their hydrophobic base material surface

lacking protein-binding functional groups. In fact, topographical and biochemical cues are

concurrently recognized by cells at the cell-scaffold interface that plays a primordial role

in the initiation of vital cellular processes such as adhesion and proliferation. However,

given the narrow dimensions of the porous conduits, reaching and modifying the inner



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 6

wall surface without altering the nanofibers delicate structure remain challenging tasks.

To solve this issue, this work focuses on the application of non-thermal plasmas as a route

to bio-activate NGC surface. Plasma treatments are nowadays gaining a great interest in

TE over other traditional surface modification techniques. It is a solvent-free method that

can be highly controlled to incorporate specific functional groups (plasma activation) or

deposit thin polymer coatings (plasma polymerization) on biomaterials thus creating

adequate surfaces for subsequent protein immobilization. Moreover, it is a gas-based

technique that can reach and treat the overall surface of complex and porous scaffolds,

hence NGCs. Relatively simple dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and plasma jet (PJ)

reactors are used in this work to plasma-treat the more complex 3D NGCs in a gradient

way. Overall, it can be concluded that the joint use of the electrospinning technique and

the non-thermal plasma technology in the engineering of NGCs has a great potential in

enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. Particularly, plasma-induced chemistry gradient

along the inner NGC wall offers high promises in bridging critical nerve defects and

ensuring a complete functional recovery. A future translation from in vitro to in vivo will

hopefully constitute a big step towards the clinical use of plasma-treated NGCs.

*****************


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21

Invited Talks


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 7

INV-01

In situ infrared absorption analysis of silicon nanoparticles

generated by means of atmospheric plasma jets

Jan Benedikt 1, Maren Dworschak 1, Jessica Ruhnke 1, Sadegh Askari 1

1 Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Kiel University, Germany


Abstract

Cold atmospheric plasmas are source of high reactivity. They can be effectively used

for dissociation of precursor gases, where the reactive species can be applied for surface

treatment or in generation of nanoparticles and nanostructured thin films. In this

contribution we report on several rf-driven capacitively coupled atmospheric plasma jets

with dielectric on the electrodes, which can be operated at large applied powers and

elevated gas temperature. The differences between these jets are in the inner diameter of

the plasma channel, electrode geometry (parallel electrode or HelixJet [1] electrode

version), or in the way of the gas injection. Gas mixture of noble gases with silane is used

to generate silicon nanoparticles with size control from ultra-small (< 4 nm) up to range of

several tens of nanometers. The particle size is determined by scanning mobility particle

sizer (SMPS) and by scanning electron microscopy measurements. Different reactive gas

admixtures (H2, CH4) are used to modify the surface passivation of the generated

nanoparticles. The changes of particle passivation and the silane consumption are

monitored by in situ Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR). The

measurements of the nanoparticles are performed in the reflection mode on the metal-

coated silicon wafer that is biased with several kV voltage to enhanced the nanoparticle

deposition yield. Additionally, the measurements of collected particles performed at

different times after the deposition are used to monitor the rate of particle post-oxidation

as function of changes induced by reactive gas admixture. Finally, a fly-through annealing

step with annealing temperatures up to 1100°C has been integrated between the plasma

jets and SMPS or FTIR diagnostics and first results will be reported here.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 8

INV-02

Plasma Deposition of Advanced Thin Films and Nanostructured

Materials

A. Bendavid 1 *,

1 CSIRO Manufacturing, PO Box 218 Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia


Abstract

It has long been recognized that surface engineering can augment drastically the

performance of a material. We at CSIRO have been developing plasma-based thin film

deposition processes over the past three decades. CSIRO employs a range of PVD and CVD

facilities for the synthesis of advanced thin film materials. Our focus is on the application

of thin films and nanostructures science for industrial applications and highly advanced

instrumentation. The latter includes super-high precision coatings on the optics used in

the detection of gravitational radiation in the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave

Observatory (LIGO) experiment. Through changing the functionality of surfaces, we can

enhance optical, biological, chemical, structural, and electrical properties and create

sensors used in gas, SERS active substrates, hybrid electrodes for energy storage and

optical devices. In this paper, our various capabilities with examples of applications are

presented.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 9

INV-03

Diagnostics of Production of Cobalt by Hydrogen Plasma

Technology

Kali Charan Sabat 1 *,

1 Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of

Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

* Corresponding Author Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) is an inexpensive, non-intrusive, and most

importantly, it can be easily incorporated to the optical window into the reduction reactor,

without disturbing the course of reduction. This paper reports the optical emission spectra

recorded reduction of cobalt oxide by HP. The predominant lines were observed at around

589.5 nm. These lines lie very close to each other, separated by 0.6 nm. The lines lie so

close that they form a thick line (589.5 line) in the spectra from the spectrometer. The

intensity of the 589.5 line changed during the courses of reduction. The time evolution of

this line followed the trend of the temperature of the HP-cobalt oxide interface. The OES

spectra were measured at a hydrogen flow rate between 1.167 X 10-6 to 2.5 X 10-6 m3 s-

1 at a particular microwave power of 750 W. The intensity of the 589 nm line follows the

trend of the interface temperature. When the reduction of cobalt oxide completes, the

intensity remains at a lower stable value, thus giving rise to the signature of completion.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 10

INV-04

Capacitively coupled plasma discharges excited by tailored

waveform – a simulation study

Nishant Sirse 1, Sarveshwar Sharma 2, Miles Turner 3

1 Institute of Science & Research, IPS Academy, Indore, MP

2 Institute of Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat

3 Dublin City University, Ireland

Abstract

Capacitive coupled plasma (CCP) discharges play a key role in microelectronics

device fabrications; particularly in the processes including plasma enhanced chemical

vapor deposition (PECVD) and plasma etching. The surface processing is such discharges

is dominantly driven by a synergy of plasma chemistry and ion flux/ion bombardment

energy onto the substrate. It is noticed that using a waveform other than sinusoidal

waveform also known as “Tailored waveforms” or by changing the driving frequency one

could significantly modify the discharge properties that are beneficial for above

applications. This is due to a change in the electron heating mechanism causing electric

field nonlinearity and higher harmonics generations in the discharge. In the present work,

using particle-in-cell simulation technique, we investigate the lowpressure capacitive

discharges excited by a saw-tooth like waveform at different driving frequencies. Our

simulation results include plasma and ionization asymmetry, DC self-bias generation,

higher harmonics and electron heating mechanism. The effect of driving frequency on the

bulk parameters including electron energy distribution functions (EEDF) will be discussed.

*****************


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 11

INV-05

Bimodal fluctuation dynamics in magnetized complex

astroclouds

Pralay Kumar Karmakar* and Dhrubajit Kalita

1 Department of Physics, Tezpur University, Napaam-784028, Tezpur, Assam, India


Abstract

We analyze the evolutionary dynamics of the Dust Acoustic Wave (DAW) and the

Dust Coulomb Wave (DCW) in self-gravitating magnetized viscoelastic spherical dusty

astroclouds on the astrophysical fluid scales of space and time. It consists of the inertial

dust grains with variable charge alongside the non-thermal electrons and ions in a

generalized correlative hydrodynamic framework. A spherical wave analysis yields a unique

generalized quadratic dispersion relation with plasma-dependent multi-parametric

coefficients. The triggered fluctuations are free from the viscoelasticity effects in the weakly

coupled limit (WCL) against the strongly coupled limit (SCL). The electron concentration,

dust charge, and magnetic field act as stabilizing and accelerating agencies. The ion

density and non-thermality parameter show destabilizing and decelerating effects. The

cloud size shows a unique stabilizing feature in the ultra-low frequency domain. Both the

DAW and DCW are dispersive in the short-wavelength (acoustic) regime and non-dispersive

in the long-wavelength (gravitational) regime. The distinctive WCL-SCL scenarios are

explicitly compared and illustratively discussed. Our semi-analytic results show correlative

consistencies in light of the real astronomic circumstances towards bounded structure

formation.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 12

INV-06

Applications of Energetic Neutrals Extracted from Glow Discharge

Plasmas

M. Perumal 1, Suraj Kumar Sinha 1 *

1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India


Abstract

In the present work, a model is presented that can estimate nitrogen molecular ion

and neutral velocity distributions for a negatively biased electrode. In typical nitrogen glow

discharge plasma conditions, a large number of energetic N2 (neutrals) are generated inside

ion-sheath by charge-exchange (CX) collisions in a dc glow discharge plasma. In this work,

we present the mechanism of generation and the extraction process of energetic N2, which

requires specific kinetic energy to proceed and activate different surface modifications. The

velocity distribution of energetic N2 is controlled by operating parameters. The sheath

thickness to the collision mean free path is an important parameter in determining the ion

and neutral velocity distribution. This model can also be used for plasma etching, plasma

immersion ion implantation, plasma nitriding, etc. It could be more advantageous and

effective than all plasma-based processing methods by providing greater energy efficiency.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 13

INV-07

Controlled Release of drugs from hydrogels by Cold −

atmospheric Plasma mediated Surface Engineering, with special

use of cross linkers

Smruti Prava Das 1 *,

1 Department of Chemistry, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack-753003, Odisha, India


Abstract

Hydrogels as a biomaterials have grown widely in recent years as it is resembles

with the living tissue. They can be used as the candidates for drug delivery, tissue

engineering and other biomedical applications. This work comprises of two methods of

drug delivery kinetics introducing variation of pH sensitive hydrogels, drugs and

crosslinkers. In the 1st method atmospheric DBD plasma assisted surface engineering on

fabricated PVA/CMC hydrogel cross linked by TEOS resulted in better bio-responsivity

using Argon, NH3 and a mixture of both gases. Plasma treatment enhanced surface

wettability as well as free energy which is assured by CA and SFE studies. Topographical

changes at the nano level are confirmed from AFM analysis without any adverse effect on

the bulk physical structure. The coupled effects of reactive Ar and NH3 plasmas impinging

on the PCMC shown the high degree of roughness. These hydrogels exhibited pH

responsive swelling with a maximum swelling in neutral medium. IBF release from

hydrogels in SGF & SIF environment verified their potential towards oral drug delivery to

the colon. Diffusion controlled drug released kinetics is predominately established

supporting advantage of plasma mediated interaction on hydrogels. Post plasma treated

hydrogels shown their superior efficiency in bio medical applications.

In 2nd process hydrogels comprising of PVA and SA synthesised for CAP treatment

and used for fabricating an oral controlled drug deliverysystem for the potential anticancer

drug 5FU. Surface hydrophobiciy of fabricated hydrogel was enhanced by coating with

HMDSO plasma using three different carrier gases i,e argon, helium and nitrogen. The

HG@ Ar/HMDSO characterised displaying highest hydrophobicity (CA=1200) indicating

effectual deposition of silicone-like groups on hydrogel surfaces post-HMDSO plasma

coating.

Enhancement of mechanical strength and smart swelling features were also

observed in post plasma treatment. The pH dependence on drug release mechanism

established the probability of hydrogel for colon targeted drug delivery. The release profile

in SGF & SIF confirmed the oral delivery of 5FU to the lower part of gut targeting the colon

for anti cancer therapy.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 14

INV-08

Optimizing Surfaces Performance for Technological Applications:

Deposition of Si-Based Films in Hexamethyldisiloxane Plasmas

Elidiane Cipriano Rangel 1 *,

1 Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba (ICTS), São Paulo State University (UNESP),

Brazil.


Abstract

Studies conducted on plasmas established from the organosilicon compound

hexamethyldisiloxane, HMDSO, diluted in noble (Ar) and reactive (O2) gases are discussed

here. The high vapor pressure of this compound makes its application in plasma processes

simple as well as cost effective. Besides, it also allows obtaining different Si-containing

structures (silicon oxide, organosilicon, silicon oxycarbide, etc.) that are the basis for the

construction of a series of technological devices. Therefore, in order to demonstrate the

versatility of this combination of deposition methodology and precursor compound, some

experimental results are presented. In the first of them, the polyamide 6, PA-6, a material

widely used in the packaging and automotive industries, and which presents structural

swelling problems by water absorption, was coated in plasmas of mixtures of HMDSO, O2

and Ar. The analysis of the chemical structure of the resulting films revealed an

organosilicon material, with crosslinking degree dependent on the proportion of O2 in the

plasma atmosphere. The receptivity of the coated PA-6 towards water was substantially

reduced, a fact of relevance in the performance of practical devices made from this

material. In the metallic surfaces corrosion’s field, studies have been carried out to

increase the life span of devices made from these materials. For this purpose, thin films

were deposited in low pressure plasmas composed of HMDSO, Ar and O2. In order to

partially oxidize the structure of the as-deposited films, characterized as organosilicons,

and then to form a SiOxCyHz / SiOx bilayer, they were subjected to oxygen plasmas. The

effect of the (O2) plasma power on the oxidation of the film structure and on the formation

of SiOxCyHz / SiOx bilayers was evaluated. Different bilayers were formed, depending on

the plasma excitation power, but all the coatings, individual (SiOx and SiOxCyHz) or

intercalated (SiOxCyHz / SiO), increased the corrosion resistance of carbon steel. However,

the improvement was more significant when the oxidative plasma generated a bilayer with

non-porous SiOx film, which protects the organosilicon just below it from complete

oxidation. Another methodology for deposition of corrosion protective films was also

evaluated. In this case, gradual SiOxCyHz-SiOx films, without interfaces, were produced

on the surface of carbon steel, in plasmas of HMDSO, O2 and Ar mixtures. The deposition

was initiated with the condition that resulted in SiOx film and was changed, without

interrupting the plasma, for the one that promoted the deposition of organosilicon films.

The effect of the number of interleaved layers (2 to 4) and of the final layer thickness on

the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the systems prepared on carbon

steel was evaluated. The elevation in the number of interleaving has been shown to provide

greater augmentation in the corrosion resistance (of up to 6 orders of magnitude) than the

increment in the layer thickness, attributing to carbon steel a better corrosion performance

than the presented by Ti. Furthermore, the mechanical performance of the gradual films

was intermediate between those observed for the organosilicon and the silica. In the



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 15

dentistry area, superhydrophobic or antibiotic doped films were deposited on dental

prothesis (Ti). It was evaluated the adhesion and proliferation of biofilms on the surface of

the coated implants. The cytotoxicity and the corrosion resistance of the coated Ti were

also evaluated. Film deposition has not induced any toxic effect towards osteoblastic cells,

increased the corrosion resistance of Ti and significantly decreased biofilm formation, a

combination of results which impacts success chances of the dental treatment. Using a

deposition methodology that combines sputtering and PECVD, silicon-based films doped

with TiO2 or CeO2 were deposited from mixtures of HMDSO, O2 and Ar. The analysis of

the chemical structure and elemental composition revealed the incorporation of Ti or Ce

in the Si-based films, characterized as silicon oxycarbides. In addition to structural

changes, it was observed that the films doped with metal oxides became photocatalytic

with incidence of ultraviolet radiation, degrading 100% of a methylene blue dye solution

in 90 min. All the obtained results are discussed in terms of the effect of the plasma

parameters on the deposition kinetics of the films. Optimizing Surfaces Performance for

Technological Applications: Deposition of Si-Based Films in Hexamethyldisiloxane Plasmas

*****************


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 16

INV-9

Mechanism of Ampicillin Degradation by Nonthermal Plasma

Treatment with FE-DBD

Hai-Feng (Frank) JI 1,*

1 Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Disque 507

Philadelphia, PA 1910, USA.


Abstract

This research focused on determining the effectiveness of nonthermal atmospheric

pressure plasma as an alternative to advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for antibiotic

removal in solution. For this study, 20 mM (6.988 g/L) solutions of ampicillin were treated

with a floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma for varying treatment

times. The treated solutions were analyzed primarily using mass spectrometry (MS) and

nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The preliminary product formed was

Ampicillin Sulfoxide (AMP S-Oxide), however, many more species are formed as plasma

treatment time is increased. Ampicillin was completely eliminated after 5 minutes of air-

plasma treatment. The primary mechanism of ampicillin degradation by plasma treatment

is investigated in this study.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 17

INV-10

Interactions of plasmas with droplets and virus aerosols

Gaurav Nayak 1 *, Peter J. Bruggeman 1 *

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA


Abstract

Plasmas in or in contact with water have been extensively investigated in the context

of plasma-aided decomposition of recalcitrant organic pollutants in water for

environmental remediation. However, plasma treatment of bulk liquid is not always energy

efficient. The rate limiting step is mostly due to the transport limitations of short-lived

reactive species into the liquid bulk and secondary unwanted reactions. The use of

microdroplets and aerosols enhances the efficiency of plasma treatment of organics in

water. This is due to the increased reactive species fluxes into the liquid further enhanced

by the larger surface to volume ratio of the solution.

We explored the relative importance of short-lived plasma-produced radicals, such

as O· and H· atoms, singlet oxygen, solvated electrons and ions, besides ·OH radicals,

responsible for the decomposition of formate, a model organic compound in water

treatment studies, dissolved in droplets. Enhanced formate decomposition was observed

with increasing droplet residence time in electronegative plasmas (He/O2, He/H2O and

He/Ar/H2O) with a 70% reduction in the formate concentration within ∼15 ms, while

remarkably an inverse trend was observed in the electropositive plasmas (He, He/H2 and

He/Ar), with >75% decomposition within ∼5 ms. A one-dimensional reaction-diffusion

model was able to reproduce the experimentally obtained formate decomposition by ·OH

transport using measured gas-phase ·OH densities in He/H2O plasma as input for the

model. We showed that the formate oxidation was ·OH flux limited at lower gas phase OH

concentrations, while diffusion limited at higher H2O concentrations in the plasma. Similar

oxidation effects were observed in He/O2 plasma, ascertaining the role of O· radical in the

formate oxidation. We also showed for electropositive plasmas that solvated electrons

and/or ions injected into the droplet were dominantly responsible for plasma-induced

chemistry in the droplet. Results suggested that the charged species lead to the formation

of H· or ·OH radicals near the droplet interface via secondary reactions, enabling further

decomposition of formate in the droplets.

Motivated by such rapid oxidation of formate in droplets, we investigated the

successful inactivation of aerosolized porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

(PRRS) virus in air streams using a volume dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) embedded in

a laboratory-scale test tunnel. Using infectivity tests and reverse transcriptase quantitative

polymerase chain reaction, we showed a 3.5 log10 reduction in the viable virus titer during

in-flight treatment by the DBD under all operating conditions within a few milliseconds,

timescales relevant for typical HVAC conditions. We identified both short-lived species

such as ·OH radicals and singlet oxygen and peroxynitrous acid chemistry at low pH in

the virus-laden droplets responsible for the observed inactivation of virus aerosols by

plasma.



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 18

This material is based upon work supported by the University of Minnesota, the

National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY 1903151 and the Army Research Office

under Grant No. W911NF-20-1-0105.

*****************


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 19

INV-11

Non-thermal plasma induced immunomodulation and its role in

treatment of HIV-1 infection

Vandana Miller 1, Hager Mohamed 2, Katharina Stapelmann 2, Fred C. Krebs 1

1 Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Institute for Molecular Medicine & Infectious

Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

2 Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA


Abstract

Effective control of HIV-1 infection can be achieved through the application of life-

long antiretroviral therapy. (ART), which prevents disease progression by inhibiting viral

replication. When ART is discontinued, however, patients progress to AIDS due to

reactivation of HIV-1 infection from viral reservoirs throughout the body. HIV-1 infection

persists in these individuals due to various dysfunctions of the immune system. To

overcome these immune dysfunctions, we propose an immunotherapy based on non-

thermal plasma (NTP). NTP, which is an emerging technology with immunomodulatory

effects, is being used worldwide for the treatment of other diseases and conditions. The

reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generated by NTP induce oxidative stress in

cells and push them toward immunogenic cell death (ICD), characterized by release or

display of various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are known to

enhance local and systemic immune responses. In studies relevant to HIV-1 infection, we

investigated the roles played by T cells and monocytes in shaping the extracellular RONS

concentrations associated with NTP exposure. We also demonstrated that NTP exposure of

T cells that carry the latent HIV-1 genome resulted in increases in ICD markers

calreticulin, HSP70, and HSP90, as well as increases in key molecules involved in antigen

presentation. NTP-exposed T cells were also efficiently phagocytosed by THP-1

macrophages in co-culture. A vision for clinical translation of this approach will be

discussed.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 20

INV-12

Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on fabric

weave construction and properties

Rajendra R. Deshmukh 1 and Shital S. Palaskar 2

1 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India

2 Bombay Textile Research Association, L. B. S. Marg Ghatkopar (W), Mumbai 400086, India


Abstract

Atmospheric pressure plasma treatment modifies the surface of textile materials at

nano level. The effectiveness of plasma surface modification is closely associated with

fabric weave construction, surface structure and type of fabric. Adhesion properties of

three different polypropylene (PP) fabrics with a polyurethane (PU) coating have been

investigated with respect to different plasma treatment time and power. Peel off strength

was measured as the force required to separate coating layer from fabric. Statistical

analysis of the peel off strength was performed by ANOVA. A substantial increase in

adhesion of PU on plasma-treated samples was observed. It is shown that the plasma

treatment parameters as well as the textile structure play an important role in adhesion

improvement. Further, it is observed that the effectiveness of the plasma treatment is

closely linked to the structure of the textile fabrics.

Similarly, three different mulberry silk fabrics were modified with low temperature

atmospheric pressure plasma using helium and oxygen gases. Dyeing properties of plasma

treated silk fabrics were investigated. The dye adsorption capacity of plasma treated silk

samples was improved by 6-17% as compared to untreated samples in all the 3 varieties

of silk. It was found that the degree of plasma surface modification and dyeing properties

of silk fabric are closely linked to weave and GSM of fabric.

Various characterization techniques such as contact angle, X-ray photoelectron

spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy etc were used to

understand the change in surface hydrophilicity, surface chemistry, surface morphology

of fabrics respectively. It is found that atmospheric pressure plasma treatment enhances

the surface properties without affecting the bulk properties.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 21

INV-13

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet and Its Biomedical Application

Deepak Prasad Subedi 1, Hom Bahadur Baniya 1, 2, Rajendra Shrestha 3,

Rajesh Prakash Guragain 1

1 Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Kathmandu University, Kavre, Nepal. 2 Department of Physics, Trichandra College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.

3 Department of Science and Humanities, Nepal Banepa Polytechnic Institute, Nepal.


Abstract

In recent years, the atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) has been extensively

studied for their potential biological and medical applications. APPJs have been

established as suitable sources of low-temperature and non-equilibrium plasmas. This

paper reports the diagnostics of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet and its biomedical

application. The discharge was generated by a high voltage power supply (0-20 KV) at an

operating frequency of 10-30 kHz. The plasma was characterized by optical emission

spectroscopy and electrical measurements using voltage and current probes. Electron

temperature (Te) and electron density (ne) were calculated from the emission spectra. The

effect of the discharge on the hydrophilicity of PET, a widely used biomedical material, was

also investigated. The plasma treated polymer sample was characterized by contact angle

measurement and FTIR analysis. Our results showed that (APPJ) can be effectively used

to enhance the hydrophlicity of the PET films and thus promote their biomedical

suitability. Water contact angle on PET reduced from 77° for control sample to 25° after

60s of plasma jet exposure. FTIR analysis of the plasma-treated PET films showed that

plasma treatment introduces hydrophilic functional groups on the polymer surface. The

main objective of this research was to investigate the antimicrobial property of the plasma

jet. The inactivation of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells was found to increase with

the treatment time in plasma. The viability of isolated neutrophils was found to be

decreasing with the increase in exposure time of APPJ.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 22

INV-14

Catallytic Non-Thermal Plasma: An Advanced Oxidation Process

for Air and Waste Water Treatment

C. Subrahmanyam

Department of Chemistry, IIT Hyderabad

* Corresponding Author Email: : [email protected]

Abstract

Plasma, the fourth state of the matter only after solid, liquid and gas is a partially or fully ionized gas consisting of various particles, such as electrons, ions, atoms, and

molecules. For the quantitative description of plasma, the term of temperature is usually used. Thermal plasma is a state, where almost all its components are at thermal equilibrium. In nonthermal plasmas (NTPs), temperature (i.e. kinetic energy) is not in thermal equilibrium, and differs substantially between the electrons and the other particles (ions, atoms, and molecules). In this sense an NTP is also referred to as a ‘‘nonequilibrium plasma’’ or a ‘‘cold plasma’’. Because of the small mass of electrons, they can be easily accelerated under the influence of an electric field. The temperature of electrons typically ranges from 10 000 K to 250 000 K (1–20 eV). These highly energetic electrons produce free radicals from parent molecules in multi-step physical and chemical processes.

Among the AOPs, application of electric discharge plasma is of particular interest to the scientific community, as it can generate a wide spectrum of multiple reactive species, intense electric fields, UV radiation and shock waves. Electrical phenomena occurring in ionized gases involve physicochemico-biologically reactive ions, radicals, and molecular species. Because of this, NTP has potential applications in every area of science and technology. Due to the fast response, it has typical applications like removal of high dilute air pollutants like volatile organic pollutants, NOx and soot in diesel exhaust and also applied for the sterilization of air and water. NTP based indoor air cleaners have been and proved to be effective for the removal of noxious gases, even under highly dilute conditions. This technique can be practiced on a large scale through a proper design of the plasma reactors and in order to improve the efficiency of the processes, combination catalysts/absorbents is necessary. Addition of a suitable catalyst improves the performance of the technique by synergy due to plasma excitation and catalytic action.

This presentation will focus on the following:

➢ The development of plasma reactors capable of operating in air and water in an efficient way, and to obtain the fundamental understanding on the parameters that influence the efficiency of electrical discharges in air/aqueous environment

➢ to investigate the interaction between plasma and catalysts in aqueous environment, and to arrive at a fundamental understanding of the catalyst activity in the presence of discharge

➢ on the basis of the experimental investigations carried out, to optimise the discharge conditions and the catalysts preparation procedures in order to obtain a synergetic effect between the plasma and the catalysis

➢ to evaluate the efficiency of the investigated method of pollution abatement of model pollutants and extend the approach for antibacterial studies



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 23

References

1. Roland, U.; Holzer, F.; Kopinke, F.D.; Appl. Catal.B: Environ. 2005, 58, 217. 2. Roland, U.; Holzer, F.; Kopinke, F.D.; Appl. Catal.B: Environ. 2005, 58, 227. 3. Kraus, M.; Eliasson, B.; Kogelschatz, U.; Wokaun, A.; Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2001, 81, 294. 4. Subrahmanyam, Ch.; Magureanu, M.; Renken A.; Kiwi-Minsker, L.; Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 2006, 65, 150. 5. Subrahmanyam, Ch.; Renken A.; Kiwi-Minsker, L.; Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 2006, 65, 157.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 24

INV-15

FTIR investigations of hydrogenated amorphous carbon

deposited using Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Ioana Cristina Gerber 1, Ilarion Mihaila 2, Valentin Pohoata 1, Ionut Topala 1

1 Faculty of Physics, Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Alexandru Ioan Cuza

University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I No. 11, Iasi, 700506, Romania

2 Integrated Center of Environmental Science Studies in the North-Eastern Development Region

(CERNESIM), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I No. 11, Iasi, 700506, Romania


Abstract

Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) is a new method [1,2] for low temperature

deposition of hydrogenated amorphous carbon as analogues for dust in diffuse interstellar

medium (DISM). Compared to the materials deposited using other methods (e.g.

condensation, physical vapour deposition, plasma deposition, combustion and pyrolysis,

pulsed laser deposition), the physical and chemical properties, as well the microscopic

aspects of DBD analogues are different, making them suitable for laboratory astrophysics

studies.

In this paper we discuss the infrared absorption features of the a-C:H products, in

context of spectral features of selected objects in interstellar medium. Calculation of mass

absorption coefficient and deconvolution of 3.4 um band and 6.2 um band, together with

the use of appropriate literature values for CH3, CH2 and C=C groups absorption strength,

allows to subtract relevant quantities such as CH2/CH3 ratio, H/C ratio or sp2/sp3 ratio.

Then a comparison of the DBD carbon dust analogue with other products, as well the

carbonaceous materials in diffuse interstellar medium is possible, using spectra

comparison and ternary diagrams.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 25

INV-16

Plasma-assisted deposition of bifunctional coatings on

titanium implants

Monica Thukkaram 1, Renee Coryn 1, Mahtab Asadian 1, Parinaz Saadat Esbah

Tabae 1, Petra Rigole 2, Naveenkumar Rajendhran 3, Anton Nikiforov 1, Jacob

Sukumaran 3, Tom Coenye 2, Pascal Van Der Voort 4, Gijs Du Laing 5, Rino Morent 1,

Alexander Van Tongel 6, Lieven De Wilde 6, Patrick De Baets 3, Kim Verbeken 7,

Nathalie De Geyter 1

1 Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering

and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium

2 Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent

University, Belgium

3 Soete Laboratory, Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Construction and

Systems (EEMMeCS), Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium

4 Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium

5 Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent

University, Belgium

6 Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of

Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

7 Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and

Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium


Abstract

It is well known that the success of orthopedic titanium implants strongly depends

on (1) successful integration of the implant into bone and (2) the prevention of microbial

infections at the implant location. Within this context, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO)

was performed in this work to deposit TiO2 coatings enriched with Ca, P and Ag on medical

grade titanium to improve its surface properties and its antibacterial efficacy while

maintaining normal biological functions and thus to enhance the performance of

orthopedic titanium implants. After PEO treatment, the Ti surface was converted to

anatase and rutile TiO2, hydroxyapatite and calcium titanate phases. In addition, the

presence of these crystalline phases was even further increased with an increased amount

of silver in the coatings. The generated PEO coatings also exhibited a more porous

morphology with an enhanced surface wettability, roughness, and microhardness. In vitro

antibacterial assays indicated that the Ag-incorporated coatings greatly inhibited the

growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by releasing Ag+ ions. Moreover, the

antibacterial efficacy was improved by increasing the Ag content in the coatings resulting

in a maximal 6-log reduction of E. coli and a maximal 5-log reduction of S. aureus after 24

hours of incubation. Moreover, the in vitro cytocompatibility evaluation of the coatings

demonstrated that the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast (MC3T3) cells on the PEO-

based coatings were significantly enhanced compared to untreated Ti and that no

significant impact on their cytocompatibility was observed when increasing the amount of

Ag in the coating. In conclusion, the developed coatings with favorable physico-chemical




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 26

and mechanical properties along with controlled silver ion release can offer an excellent

antibacterial performance and osteocompatibility and can thus become a prospective

coating strategy to face current challenges in orthopedic implant strategies.

*****************

INV-17

Investigation on post field emission transformation of directly

grown GNWs on metallic wires

Rajib Kar 1, Shreya G Sarkar 2,3, Love Mishra 2, Rashmi Tripathi 4, R.O. Dusane 4,

D.S. Patil 4, Namita Maiti 1,3

1 Laser & Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085

2 Accelerator & Pulse Power Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085

3 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai-400094

4 Department of Metallurgical Engg. & Materials Science, IIT Bombay, Mumbai-400076

Abstract

Development of miniature X-ray is of paramount importance in medical science.

Carbon nanomaterials seem to be ideal candidate for that purpose. Not only carbon

nanotubes (CNTs) but graphene nanowalls (GNWs) can also be the desired nanostructure.

In this work, (GNWs) have been deposited by microwave plasma CVD (MPECVD) on

different metallic substrates like Fe, Inconel and Kovar. Their topographical information

have first been obtained though electron microscopy and subsequently GNWs underwent

field emission. During the process two different I-V characteristics have been observed.

Further investigations revealed that GNWs underwent a drastic structural transformation

during field emission causing a drastic change in their I-V characteristics. The study will

highlight the deposition mechanism, their field emission characteristics and will shed light

on the possible cause of their post field emission transformation.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 27

INV-18

Possible application of plasmas as tunable metamaterials

Rajneesh Kumar 1 *,

1 Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.


Abstract

An increasing amount of research work has been recently focusing on negative

refractive index mediums or Metamaterials (MMs). In reported experimental

demonstrations, most of researchers used a mesh of conducting wires, so called, artificial

plasma to get the negative electrical permittivity (-) for microwave to near IR range and

spit-ring resonators for negative permeability (-µ). The composite effect of both allows

negative refraction. In spit of long research history, there are some problems and

challenges in the matamaterials are still not resolved such as problems in fabrication,

composite metamaterials can be fabricated for particular frequency or narrow frequency

region so there is no controllability in fabricated matamaterials, and there is no way to

switch right handed mediums to left handed mediums and vice-versa. Above mentioned

problems can be solved by using plasma as a medium for electromagnetic wave. Hence, in

this communication, possibility to make tunable metamaterial using plasma is described.

In the first approach, artificial plasma is replaced by real plasma and composite effect of

real plasma and ring-oscillators is studied for different frequencies of microwave. In the

second approach, instead of ring resonators, ferromagnetic grains in plasma medium

should show negative refraction at particular frequency, consequently, in third approach

electron spin of plasma can be controlled by external magnetic field and magnetic

permeability can be become negative. In such a way plasmas become metamaterials for

broad range of frequencies. An experimental realization of mentioned approaches is a

difficult tasks hence an numerical analysis for such experimental will be provided. In stead

of composite MMs, plasma can be used in photonic crystals as well to get negative

refractions. Hence, a photonic crystal of copper rods of diameter 2 mm and lattice constant

of 10 mm for x-bend microwave is fabricated and experiments are carried out to measure

the flat and forbidden bends for 18 GHz. Positive and negative refraction are studied by

creating defaults or removing copper rods from photonic crystal. To improve the

controllability of photonic crystal, a central copper rod is replaced by plasma column, is

formed by Micro-hollow cathode discharge (MHCD) at atmospheric pressure. It is also

studied that plasma column is formed in between transmitter and photonic crystal, flat

and forbidden bends are interchanged at a particular angel. Therefore, switching ON and

OFF the plasma column, microwave propagation in photonic crystal can be controlled.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 28

INV-19

Elimination of Candida Albicans Bacteria by Cold Plasma Systems

Necdet Aslan 1 *,

Yeditepe University, Physics Department, Istanbul Turkey

National Metrology Institute-Plasma Division, Istanbul Turkey


Abstract

Candida albicans (CA) is a pathogenic yeast that is a common member of the

human gut flora. They are found in the gastrointestinal tract, the mouth, and the male

and female genitals are part of our natural microorganisms that commonly live in or on

our bodies. Although mostly it causes no problems, sometimes it’s possible for overgrowths

which lead to infections. This is mainly due to CA’s resistance to antifungal drugs and skin

creams which may have side effects as well. In vivo and vitro studies show that the UV

light and cold plasma applications can efficiently eliminate these patogenic bacteria. Cold

plasma systems can be produced in atmospheric pressures by employing a high voltage

power supply, different gas injection systems and carefully designed electrode structure.

In this study, two different plasma systems are used to activate CA infected acrylic disks

that are used in dentistry. Pınitially, pre-cleaned acrylic discs were transferred into the CA

solutions which were adjusted to 108cfu/ml and incubated at 37oC for 24h. Then they are

treated by two different cold plasma facilities, namely dielectric barrier discharge and

plasma jet system. It was shown that both plasma treatments display excellent inactivation

effects on CA biofilms on the acrylic discs.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 29

INV-20

Plasma-based conversion of molecular precursors for low-

temperature, sustainable synthesis of chemicals and materials

R. Mohan Sankaran 1, *

1 Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-

Champaign


Abstract

Non-thermal, atmospheric-pressure plasmas offer a unique reactive environment

for the synthesis of chemicals and materials. Electrical energy is coupled to a gas leading

to the formation of highly energetic species including electrons, ions, and reactive radicals,

without heating the gas. Reactions may be carried out near ambient conditions, compatible

with soft (i.e., polymeric) materials or simple liquids (i.e., water). Since the chemistry is

driven by electrons or ions, impurities are limited and no solid catalyst is required. The

reactions are kinetically controlled and chemicals and materials can be synthesized

without being constrained by thermodynamic equilibrium. In this talk, I will present two

recent efforts from my group to develop non-thermal, atmosphericpressure plasma-based

systems for the synthesis of technologically-important chemicals and materials. First, we

have devised an electrolytic cell with one of the metal electrodes replaced by a microplasma

jet formed at the surface of a liquid. Solvated electrons, one of the strongest reducing

agents, are produced at the plasma-liquid interface, which can be used to reduce nitrogen

and produce ammonia at much lower pressures and temperatures and remotely at small

scales as compared to the well-known Haber-Bosch process.1,2 Second, we have used a

dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) to treat thin films of liquid precursors in a process we

term “plasma-enhanced chemical film conversion” or PECFC.3,4 In contrast to vapor

deposition techniques, thin films are synthesized by converting the precursor film which

overcomes the adsorption barrier and substrate interactions and reduces materials

wastage.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 30

INV-21

Anode fireball for making super-hydrophobic nanodot surfaces

Mukesh Ranjan 1, Siddhart Phukan 1, Vivek Pachichigar 1

1 PSED, Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India,


Abstract

Electron sheath and fireball has been the topic of recent investigations. Electron sheath occurs when the current drawn by the electrode or wall is larger than that which can be provided by the random electron motion. When the sheath potential reaches the necessary potential for excitation of neutral atoms (few eV below ionization potential for Argon), the sheath glows. If this sheath potential reaches above the ionization potential, the sheath breaks down in its own plasma with plasma potential higher than the ambient potential, hence establishing a double layer. This double layer is visually observed as a glow with a sharp boundary, also known as the fireball. In the current work using permanent magnets cusp arrangement, effective electrode collection area is reduced by restricting the electron movement to obtain the electron sheath and larger fireball. The anode fireball and the bulk plasma are separated by a double layer visible as a sharp boundary of the anode fireball. The electrons from the bulk region are accelerated to ionization potential by the double layer. These accelerated electrons produce the glow and plasma inside the droplet shaped fireball. In the bulk plasma, the electron temperature is found to be 3 to 4 eV and the typical plasma density is in the range of 1x109 cm-3. The plasma density in the fireball is about an order of magnitude higher than that of the bulk plasma.

Rapid developments in metal/semiconductor nanofabrication technologies have seen an exciting and emerging trend towards the development of the periodic nanodot structures for Photonics and Magnetism applications. In the current work, we have demonstrated a highly economical technique using plasma fireball as explained earlier for making nanodot patterning over large area. This device is not only capable for making nanodot pattern over large area, but also capable to make nanoparticles in another mode. The discharge properties of the device and parameters for making nanodot patterns will be presented. Since fireball has an order higher plasma density, the ion flux plays a very crucial role in pattern formation. Higher plasma flux produces smaller nanodots patterns due to redeposition of the eroded material from the surfaces. Nanodots pattern produced on GaSb surface found to have super-hydrophobic behavior with a water contact angle of 150o and highly light absorbing in nature. In this way the produced fireball in our device can be used to produce super-hydrophobic nanodots surfaces for various applications like sensing application and photovoltaic.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 31

INV-22

On Inactivation of Breast Cancer Cell by Atmospheric Pressure

Cold Plasma Jet of Argon with Nitrogen Seeding: Understanding

the Effect of Reactive Species and Excitation Frequency

V.C. Misra 1,3, Ganesh Pai B 2,3, N. Tiwari 1,3, B.S. Patro 2,3, S. Ghorui 1,3

1 Laser & Plasma technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-

400085

2 Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085

3 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400095


Abstract

Use of nuclear radiation in treatment of different types of cancer is well established.

However, while treatment it damages the normal cells also to a significant extent. A

radioactive source imparts its effects through only three agents, namely helium ions,

electrons and electromagnetic waves. Notably, the energies of these agents from a

particular radionuclide are fixed and very high (~MeV). High energy significantly limits the

available interaction time with the cells. Also, when it interacts it may cause substantial

damage to the DNA of the healthy cells due to high energy. The ideal condition could be

getting the effect of ionizing radiation by extending the time of interaction at low energy.

In cold plasma treatment, reactive species play a very important role in inactivation of

cancer cells. While investigation with argon plasma jets have been already reported in

literature, effect of operating frequency and nitrogen seeding in the plasma and associated

control on the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have been rarely probed.

The study uses a recently developed novel cold atmospheric pressure plasma device

and investigates the effect of radicals in the plasma and establish their influence on

inactivation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The results are presented for operating

frequencies ranging from 11 kHz to 26 kHz and interaction distance 5 mm to 15 mm. For

fixed gas flow rates, a significant impact of different operating frequencies and treatment

distance are brought out. OES has been used to identify active species. Correlation with

specific active species and optimum operating conditions for best cell inactivation

efficiency for MCF-7 breast cancer cells are established.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 32

INV-23

Air plasma-water interactions for biomedical/agriculture

applications of plasma activated water

Zdenko Machala 1 *,

1 Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.


Abstract

Understanding physical, transport and chemical processes of the cold plasma-liquid

interactions is crucial for the control of the chemical composition and biomedical effects

of water and water solutions activated by air plasma for emerging applications in

biomedicine and agriculture. The plasma discharge regime, deposited power, and gas flow

conditions determine the plasma properties. The plasma-liquid interface surfaced area and

the type of chemical species with their characteristic solubility then control the transport

of species and consequently their concentrations in water. Various gaseous and aqueous

reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced by three types of non-thermal

air plasma sources interacting with water: streamer corona, transient spark and glow

discharge; providing different chemistries and thus different properties of plasma activated

water. Examples of successful applications of such plasma activated water/media for

water or surface bacterial disinfection, biofilm treatment, dentistry, urinary tract infection

treatment, melanoma cancer cell viability reduction and apoptosis induction, as well as

plant growth promotion will be shown.

Supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency APVV-17-0382, and

Slovak Grant Agency VEGA 1/0419/18.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 33

INV-24

Wastewater Treatment and Nanomaterial Synthesis by

Microplasma Technology

K. Suresh 1,*, S. Meiyazhagan 1, E.R. Kavitha 1, S. Yugeswaran 2

1 Surface & Environmental Control Plasma Lab, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University,

Coimbatore–641046, Tamilnadu, India.

2 Applied Thermal Plasma Laboratory, Department of Physics, Pondicherry University,

Puducherry–605014, India


Abstract

The dimension of 1 mm or less plasmas generated by electrical discharge is denoted

as microplasma. Its one of the methods of non-thermal plasma having properties like high

electron density, high stability, continuous flow etc. Due to these unique properties and

low power consumption, chemical free with portable reactor design, microplasma has

gained wide applications in various fields such as wastewater treatment, nanomaterial

synthesis surface treatment, ultraviolet radiation source and biomedical applications. This

topical presentation aims to provide a depiction of the microplasma and its applications in

wastewater treatment and nanomaterial synthesis, performed at laboratory scale. The high

energetic electrons in microplasma produce numerous reactive radicals such as reactive

oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in aqueous solution during the

interaction process, which can react with the pollutants and subsequently degrade it. The

pollutants may be dyes, pharmaceutical and phenolic compounds. In the similar way, ROS

and RNS play crucial role in nanomaterial synthesis. The nanoparticles produced from the

liquid precursors are mainly through the reduction mechanism due to the reactive

radicals. Hence, microplasma method is an environment friendly and sustainable method

for wastewater treatment and nanomaterial synthesis.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 34

INV-25

Plasma Activated Water as a Source of Green Fertilizer

Lakshminarayana Rao 1 *,

1 Center for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore -560012


Abstract

Nitrogen is a vital nutrient for plants. In large-scale industrialized farming, nitrogen

is supplied through fertilizers which are predominantly produced from fossil fuels. Given

the need to reduce the use of fossil fuels, researchers look to plasma-activated water (PAW)

as a possible alternative fertilizer that is more eco-friendly. In this talk, I will highlight on

how cold plasma can selectively transfer reactive nitrogen species into PAW. Successful

application of plasma-activated water (PAW) as an alternate source of nitrogen for

agricultural application requires low specific energy consumption. I will discuss how a

dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor can be used for the generation of PAW

having low specific energy (SE). The SE to produce N in PAW was 3.26 GJ/kg of N, which

is 68% lower than the lowest value reported to date for DBD-PAW systems.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 35

INV-26

Cold plasma applications in food and agriculture

R. Mahendran 1,*

1 Centre of Excellence in Nonthermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,

Thanjavur, India


Abstract

Food and agricultural processing require massive growth to feed the increasing

world population and meet the demand for safe food. Consumers are looking for a quality

product with increased shelf life. Various nonthermal preservation technologies are

emerging to cater to this issue. One such technique is cold plasma, which can maintain

the safety of the food and improve the quality of agricultural products. Plasma can be used

both in the pre and post-harvesting stages of the agri-food chain to increase overall

production. The possible use of cold plasma on food and agricultural processing starts

from water, soil, seed, and plant treatments and continues till the processing of different

commodities such as leaves, roots, fruits, spices, nuts, food grains, and other food

products. The reactive species composition in plasma forms the primary reason for

producing desirable changes on biological commodities and also in increasing shelf life

(microbial reduction). It utilizes different mechanisms such as surface etching, oxidation,

photo-oxidation, functional group formation, and structural modification on

microorganisms and commodities. The application of plasma on food and agricultural

products includes chemical degradation, pesticide removal, seed tolerance, plant growth,

microbial reduction, enzyme inactivation, disinfestation, allergen removal, toxin

degradation, extraction & quality improvements, and functional property modifications.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 36

INV-27

Plasma sprayed multilayered thermal barrier coating systems: An

overview

S.T. Aruna 1,*

1 Surface Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Aerospace

Laboratories, HAL Airport Road, Bengaluru-560017, India


Abstract

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) play a decisive role in protecting the hot structures

of modern turbine engines in aerospace as well as utility applications. To meet the

increasing efficiency of gas turbine technology, worldwide research is focused on designing

new architecture of TBCs. Prominently, bi-layered, multi-layered and functionally graded

TBC structures are recognized as favourable designs to obtain adequate coating

performance and durability. These TBCs are mainly fabricated by atmospheric plasma

spraying (APS) as it is more economical over the electron beam physical vapor deposition

(EB-PVD) technology. The present talk encompasses the structure, characteristics,

limitations and future prospects of bi-layered, multi-layered and functionally graded TBC

systems fabricated using plasma spraying. Also, the work carried out in the author`s

laboratory on plasma sprayed bilayered TBCs will be presented.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 37

INV-28

Architect coating microstructures using plasma spraying for

energy harvesting applications

Yugeswaran Subramaniam 1 *

1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry – 605014, India


Abstract

Atmospheric plasma spraying is one of the promising thermal spraying techniques

which has been successfully utilized from past few decades to produce a wide range of

ceramics, metal alloys and cermet coating microstructures for different applications.

Typical plasma sprayed coating microstructures comprise of interconnected lamellas,

pores, voids, cracks and incompletely melted feedstock particles. These are inevitable in

plasma sprayed coating microstructures. In the recent times, these unique features of

plasma sprayed microstructures have facilitated its use in some non-conventional

applications such as catalytic electrodes, sensors, thermoelectric device and micro-

electronic devices. The typical benefits of plasma spray technology such as high

temperature process, bulk area coverage, ambient conditions, easy operation, rapid

solidification, porosity, inter connected pores, durability and good coating adhesion entitle

the production of efficient energy harvesting coating microstructures. Additionally, the

porosity and as well as the surface to volume ratio of the coating microstructures can be

tuned by modifying the conventional plasma spray process. This work is reconnoitering

the potential of plasma spraying to fabricate architected coating microstructures for clean

energy production sector.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 38

INV-29

A novel plasma assisted recovery of metals from metal bearing solid waste

R.Saravanakumar and K. Ramachandran

Department of Physics Bharathiar University

Coimbatore – 641046, INDIA


Abstract

Rapid industrialization depletes the reserves of high-grade metal ores. The recovery of metals from low grad ores is expensive and involves large quantity of chemicals, which lead to secondary wastes. Industrial as well as domestic wastes, which contain significant amount of metals in a heterogeneous form, are generated in several thousand tons every

year and most of them have been land filled /discarded without effective treatment and recovery of metals. These metal bearing wastes are one of the potential sources (artificial ore) for mining of metals. However, the improper disposal and mismanagement of metal bearing wastes cause serious health and environmental issues. Conventional methods such as bio, hydro and pyro metallurgical methods employed to treat metal bearing wastes are either slow or not environmental friendly. Aluminothermic process used to reduce metal oxides is economical as well as eco-friendly. An additional energy or heat is always advantageous to supplement the aluminothermic process, which ensure the complete reaction between oxides available in the waste and aluminium (Al) granules supplemented as well as sufficient metal-slag separation.

A plasma assisted aluminothermic process for the reduction of metal oxides and recovery of metals from metal bearing solid waste is developed. This process employs the heat generated by the plasma arc to ignite and sustain the aluminothermic reaction between metal oxides, which have standard Gibbs free energy of formation more than that of aluminium oxide, available in the waste and aluminium granules supplemented. The products of this process are metallic mixture, slag and the nanopowder. Slag and nanopowder contain either aluminium oxide or mixture of aluminium oxide and other oxides, which have standard Gibbs free energy of formation more than that of aluminium oxide. This process could be used to recover metals such as Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, Zn, Mn, Si, Ti, Ag etc from the waste in a single step, a short time and an environment-friendly manner.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 39

INV-30

Study on Superhydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of Cotton and

PET fabric by DC glow discharge plasma

G. Shanmugavelayutham

Assistant Professor, Plasma Processing Laboratory, Department of Physics,

Bharathiar University, Coimbatore- 641 046, Tamilnadu, INDIA


Abstract

Superhydrophobic nature of the fabrics namely PET (Polyethyleneterephthalate) and cotton was improved by DC glow discharge plasma. Surface modification was done by using oxygen plasma to create non polar bonds responsible for superhydrophobicity. The modified PET fabric surface was characterized by various techniques such as Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Further the superhydrophobic properties were calculated by using static contact angle measurements. That PET fabric was used for oil-water separation application. The natural extract coated cotton fabric was plasma treated and it was characterized by contact angle, ATR-FTIR and FESEM. Antibacterial studies for the superhydrophobic surface was also observed by agar diffusion method. The result reveals that oxygen plasma treatment of the fabric by DC glow discharge plasma promoted the superhydrophobic nature to fabric. To increase the hydrophilicity of the cotton fabric it was activated by oxygen plasma. The plasma treatment activated the polar bonds in the surface of the fabric. Further the fabric was coated with natural extracts and compared with mordant (Ferrous sulphate) to confirm the antibacterial activity. The plasma treated cotton fabric was characterized by contact angle, ATR-FTIR and FESEM. From this observation, it was concluded that the DC glow discharge plasma effectively modifies the surface properties of the fabric which could be better tool for manufacturing antibacterial textiles and in oil-water separation.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 40

INV-31

Detoxification of aflatoxins in red chillies (Capsiucm anuum L.)

using low pressure cold plasma

S.H.D. Udeshika 1, A.B.G.C.J. De Silva 2, T. Dissanayake 2, S.C. Amarasena 2,

P. Abeysundara 3, P.N.R.J. Amunugoda 2,*

1 Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri

Lanka.

2 Industrial Technology Institute, Sri Lanka.

3 MAS Innovations Private Limited, Biyagama, Sri Lanka


Abstract

Aflatoxins are considered as mycotoxins and these compounds are carcinogenic,

neurotoxic, and toxic to the endocrine or immune system of humans. One way of aflatoxins

appears in the food chain due to the infected spices. This study was carried out to evaluate

the efficacy of low pressure Cold Plasma technology on detoxification of Aflatoxins in red

chilli (Capsicum anuum L.). Low Pressure Cold Plasma Treatment was carried out using

300W, 30 L vacuum plasma chamber operated at radio frequency with a parallel plate

capacitively coupled plasma configuration and treatment gas was atmospheric air. Air

supply rate was set as 120 cm3/min maintaining the pressure between 0.35 mbar – 0.45

mbar. Low pressure (0.5mbar pressure) Cold Plasma treatment was applied for pre-

determined aflatoxins contaminated chilli powder sample at 3 different exposure times as

3, 6 and 9minutes at 37˚C. The initial and final aflatoxins content was evaluated by using

LCMS/MS method. Possible chemical changes in chillie powder after plasma treatment

were evaluated using Attenuated Total Reflectance- Fourier Transform Infrared

Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR Bruker Tensor 27 IR spectrometer). Water activity and moisture

level of chilli powder significantly reduced with increasing treatment time. The level of

aflatoxins in chilli powder showed significant reduction under all three CP treatment

conditions while no significant differences were observed among the three treatments. The

lowest AFB1 level was reported in the 3mins treated sample (95% reduction). AFB2, AFG1

and AFG2 level in the three treatments were below the lowest detectable level (1.6μg/kg).

Both aerobic plate count and yeast and mould count of all the treated samples were

significantly reduced when compared with the initial untreated sample and confirmed te

microbiological quality of the treated samples under acceptable level. Low pressure cold

plasma treatments significantly changed the colour parameters of lightness (L*, a*,b*),

Chroma and Hue angle of the chilli powder where the colour got drastically lighter with

increasing treatment time. SEM images confirmed modifications of the surface of chillie

powder. This study shows the potential in reducing aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and

AFG2) contamination of red chillie powder using low pressure cold plasma.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 41

INV-32

Evolution of Small Perturbations into Nonlinear Stationary

Structures in Ionospheric Plasma

Swarniv Chandra 1,2,3,*

1 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin

Dinajpur, India, 733121.

2 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, 700032.

3 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India, 700032


Abstract

Ionospheric Plasma introduces nonlinear perturbations in regular EM wave

propagation which in turn affects the signal transmission and receiving in a highly

nonlinear manner. Often the signals are distorted by a varied degree of nonlinearity. The

wireless communication mechanism is affected by small perturbations which take gigantic

rogue wave structures with possibility of damaging the sophisticated equipment. In order

to study the evolution of rogue wave type solitons starting from initial small amplitude

perturbations, we have considered a three component electron ion plasma system with

degeneracy pressure as well as quantum diffraction effects. A solitary wave structure is

formed due to the interplay of nonlinear and dispersive forces. Such a formation under the

action of an external force gets modified and the stability criteria is altered. In this paper

we have studied how the solitary wave structures behave under the action of an external

force. Next we study how the nonlinear effects cause an amplitude modulation and the

envelop soliton is formed. Such an envelop soliton is studied by the nonlinear Schrodinger

equation that we derive in the later part of the work. We have carried out simulation studies

to compare with analytical findings of other workers. Quantitative study by way of

Dynamical system and Lyapunov exponents is carried out to understand the effect of

parameters on the chaotic scenario of the problem.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21

Oral Contributions


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 42

OP-01

First results of recently developed prototype Magneto-Optic

Current Sensor (MOCS) diagnostic for plasma current

measurements in ADITYA-U tokamak

Santosh P. Pandya 1,*, Kumudni Tahiliani 1,*, Praveenlal E. V.1, Sameer Kumar Jha1,

Lavkesh T. Lachwani1, Suman Aich1, Surya Kumar Pathak1,2, Rakesh L. Tanna1,

Joydeep Ghosh1,2 and ADITYA-U team1

1 Institute for Plasma Research, Near Indira Bridge, Bhat, Gandhinagar – 382428, India.

2Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India.

* Corresponding Author [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Plasma current measurement is a direct evidence to determine the merit of a plasma

discharge in tokamaks, and important for basic control and machine protection.

Conventionally, the plasma current measurement is performed by inductive sensors such

as Rogowski coil or an array of pick-up coils. However, there are a few drawbacks

associated with these techniques such as drift of integrator for long operation,

electromagnetic interference and radiation-induced noise in case of nuclear plasma

operation. Magneto-Optic Current Sensor (MOCS) based on the principle of Faraday effect

in the single-mode optical fiber (SMF) have been deployed on plasma devices. In this

technique, the plasma current is directly estimated by measuring the rotation angle of the

linearly-polarized light passing through the SMF loop nearly enclosing the plasma current

channel. A simple but efficient prototype MOCS diagnostic has recently been developed for

the ADITYA-U tokamak that can measure the plasma current with the sensitivity of ≤0.5

kA and temporal resolution of ≤100 µs. In this paper, we report the characterization of the

system in a lab setup environment and also the first results of plasma current estimation

in the range from 20kA to 150 kA obtained for deuterium plasma discharges. In the

tokamak environment, it has been observed that the system is responding to the toroidal

and vertical fields induced during the plasma operations. In addition, the birefringence

property of the SMF as well as mechanical vibration can also affect the current estimation.

However, the analysis presented herein shows that an application of the background

correction can aid in recovering the shape of the plasma current besides having

birefringence of SMF and its effect. The preliminary results show a reasonable agreement

with a conventional Rogowski coil method and reported herein.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 43

OP-02

Effect of asymmetric laser pulse on Laser wakefield acceleration

in under dense plasma

Vivek Sharma 1, Sandeep Kumar 2, Niti Kant 1, Vishal Thakur 1,*

1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab,

India

2 Department of Physics, Manav Rachna University, Sector 43, Aravalli Hills, Faridabad, 121004

Haryana, India


Abstract

The wakefield excitation and electron acceleration is investigated in the presence of

asymmetric laser pulse in an under-dense plasma. For this purpose, 1D model of laser

wakefield acceleration is revisited. The analytical expressions for the longitudinal wake-

potential and wakefield generated behind the laser pulse and for electron density

perturbations are obtained and discussed for asymmetric laser pulse. The results show

that the wake-fields excited by laser pulses are strongly dependent on the asymmetric

pattern of the laser pulse, on plasma density, laser pulse intensity, pulse duration and its

wavelength. A brief discussion about 3D PIC simulation of laserwakefield acceleration is

also presented. These results could be very useful as a starting point for optimization

studies for a real LWFA experiment.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 44

OP-03

Quantum and relativistic effects on the KdV and envelope

solitons in ion-plasma waves

H. Sahoo 1*, C. Das 2, S. Chandra 3,*, B. Ghosh 1, K.K. Mondal 4*

1 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University Kolkata-700032, India

2 Department of Mathematics, Govt. General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur–

733121, India

3 Department of Physics, Govt. General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur– 733121,

India

*Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032, India

4 Sovarani Memorial College; Jagatballavpur, Howrah-711408, India


Abstract

In this paper we investigate the linear and nonlinear behavior of ion plasma waves

in a two-component plasma containing ions and dust particles. We have studied the linear

dispersion characteristics, nonlinear KdV solitons and amplitude modulated envelop

solitons. Such ion plasma wave modes in dust-ion plasma has been theoretically

investigated by incorporating quantum diffraction and relativistic effects. Numerical

analysis of the linear dispersion relation with variations of different parameters have been

carried out. By employing reductive perturbation technique the KdV equation describing

the small amplitude solitary profile have been studied. Using the standard multiple scale

perturbation method, a nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation has been derived by

including quantum and relativistic effects, which describes the nonlinear evolution of the

ion plasma waves in dust-ion plasma. Numerically we have examined the growth of

modulational instability of the wave. The wave is found to become modulationally unstable

beyond certain critical wave number. The critical wave number and the instability growth

rate is shown to depend significantly on the relativistic motion of plasma particles and the

quantum diffraction effect. We have also carried out a symbolic simulation analysis with

physical parameters. The results presented in the paper are expected to be helpful for

understanding the propagation of finite amplitude ion-plasma waves in some laboratory

and astrophysical plasma systems.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 45

OP-04

Estimation of Eddy Magnetic Field at Magnetic Probes in Aditya-

U Tokamak

S. Aich 1,2,*, J. Ghosh 1,2, T. M. Macwan 1,2, R. Kumar 1, R. L. Tanna 1, D. Raju 1,2, S.

Jha 1, P. K. Chattopadhyay 1,2, Praveenlal E. V. 1, K. A. Jadeja 1, K. Patel 1, K. Singh 1,2, S. Dolui 1,2, ADITYA-U team 1

1 Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382428, India

2 Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra − 400094, India


Abstract

Magnetic diagnostics play a crucial role in diagnosing tokamak plasma. One of the

major advantages of using magnetic diagnostics is the ease of fabrication as well as

maintenance, though these diagnostics are very much sensitive to all other magnetic fields,

linked. In a tokamak like machine, where magnetic field is the major factor for the working

of the machine, the configurations of these additional fields at the locations of the magnetic

diagnostics are not very easy to understand and hence, to figure out. A more complicated

situation appears when the nearby structural conducting bodies contribute to this

additional magnetic field of the magnetic diagnostic by means of eddy currents. Though it

is not always needed to discard the additional values from these magnetic fields, especially

when these data are used by taking subtractions, or ratios etc., where the similarly affected

magnetic probes are chosen for the data, sometimes a precise estimation of the magnetic

fields due to the expected sources only is mandatory. In the lastly mentioned situations,

an estimation of the contribution in the magnetic field from all the unknown sources is

necessary and that is the motivation of this work. This work describes all the possible

reasons for these additional fields and hence try to figure out the order of magnitude of

magnetic field from all the unknown sources, which are nothing but eddy sources. Finally,

experimental data are taken from one kind of magnetic diagnostics, which are Mirnov

probes, and numerical values of the eddy fields at the probe locations are estimated on the

basis of the approach, discussed in this work. As a consequence, this work conclude with

some interesting outcomes.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 46

OP-05

Cathode position detection in a transferred arc plasma using

artificial neural network

Shakti Prasad Sethi 1,2,*, Debi Prasad Das 1,2, Santosh Kumar Behera 1,2

1 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751013 India

2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India


Abstract

In a transferred arc plasma system, the position of the cathode is difficult to detect

during the smelting process as it remains inside the cylindrical anode. Depending on the

position of the cathode, efficiency of smelting operation is measured such as productive

smelting, optimum electrical energy transfer. External position detection using a position

detecting device fails due to cathode degradation and breakage during operation. Also

conventionally, the voltage signal provides an indication of cathode position with respect

to the anode. However, as plasma is very dynamic, the voltage signal fluctuates and

changes due to variation in current and the medium. Therefore, accurate estimation of

cathode position during plasma operation in a arc plasma furnace is very challenging.

In this paper, artificial neural network based machine learning technique is

proposed to accurately detect the position of the cathode in a direct current (DC)

transferred arc plasma system. Experimentally, measured voltage, current signal, and

their statistical features are used to train the artificial neural network (ANN). The output

of the ANN provides more accurate position information and is also compared to the

traditional voltage related position information. Experiments were conducted in a 15kWatt

DC plasma system and cathode position detection results are shown.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 47

OP-06

Conceptual Design of Multichannel FEB Detection System to

Study Suprathermal Electron Dynamics during Lower Hybrid

Current Drive (LHCD) in ADITYA-U Tokamak.

Jagabandhu Kumar 1,*, Santosh P. Pandya 1, P. K. Sharma 1

1 Institute for Plasma Research, Baht Gandhinagar-382428


Abstract

To drive plasma current non inductively, a lower hybrid current drive (LHCD)

system with a passive - active multijunction (PAM) antenna for injecting lower hybrid wave

has been designed, fabricated and to be integrated with ADITYA-U Tokamak. A

suprathermal electron population in the energy range of a few keV to several hundreds of

keV is generated with the injection of the lower hybrid wave. These suprathermal electrons

interacting mainly with ions and electrons result in Hard X-Ray emission called Fast

Electron Bremsstrahlung acronym as FEB emission. A single channel FEB detection

system is being used in the earlier experiment of LHCD in ADITYA-U tokamak. However,

the single channel detection system can’t provide a radial emissivity profile of HXR

intensity distribution. In order to determine a radial emissivity profile, a multichannel FEB

detection system is designed for ADITYA-U tokamak. This paper describes the detailed

conceptual design for the selection of suitable detectors, optimization of the collimators,

shielding geometry, and low energy filtering cut-off. In the present design analysis, the

soller collimator concept is considered over a simple pinhole camera system due to its

several advantages. In order to optimize the multichannel FEB system parameters for the

best performance, detailed forwarded modelling has been performed using a code

described in. The signal to background ratio at each detector location has been estimated

for several plasma parameters and reported herein.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 48

OP-07

Efficient terahertz radiation by relativistic self-focusing of cosh-

Gaussian laser beam in magnetized plasma under higher-order

paraxial region

Gunjan Purohit 1,*, Pradeep Kothiyal 1, Bineet Gaur 1, Amita Raizada 1

1 Laser Plasma Computational Laboratory, Department of Physics DAV (PG) College, Dehradun,

Uttarakhand-248001, India


Abstract

An analytical and numerical study have been carried out for the emission of

Terahertz (THz) radiation in the magnetized and rippled density plasma by a self-focused

cosh-Gaussian laser beam. This study has been done in non-paraxial region with

relativistic nonlinearity. Due to relativistic change of electron mass, the laser beam

becomes focused in the plasma. THz radiation is produced due to interaction of cosh-

Gaussian laser beam with electron plasma wave under the appropriate phase matching

conditions. Due to strong coupling between self-focused laser beam and pre-existing

density ripple, nonlinear current produced which generate the THz radiation. The

expressions for the beamwidth parameters of cosh-Gaussian laser beam and the electric

vector of the THz radiation have been obtained and solved these numerically. The self-

focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam and its effect on the generated THz amplitude has

been studied for typical laser and plasma parameters. Numerical study has been carried

out at various values of the decentered parameter, incident laser intensity, magnetic field,

and relative density. The results have also been compared with paraxial region as well as

Gaussian profile of laser beam. The numerical results show that the self-focusing of cosh-

Gaussian laser beam and amplitude of THz radiation enhances in the nonparaxial region

than that of the paraxial region. It is also observed that the focusing of cosh-Gaussian

laser beam in magnetized plasma and the amplitude of THz radiation increases at higher

values of decentered parameter.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 49

OP-08

A Comparison Study of Plasma Torch Characteristics Using

Air and Carbon dioxide

Yugesh V 1,*, Amarnath P 1, Yugeswaran S 1, Ananthapadmnabhan PV 2

1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry–605014, India

2 President, Power beam Society of India, India


Abstract

The plasma torch is the key component of thermal plasma assisted material processing

system. DC non-transferred arc plasma torch is more popular than AC, RF or microwave

plasma torches due to its ease of operation and it is widely used in high temperature

material processing applications. The characteristics of the plasma jet emanating from the

plasma torch is depend on many factors including discharge current, type of plasma

forming gas, gas flow rates, gas injection configuration, torch geometry etc. Air and carbon

dioxide is widely used as a plasma forming gases in high temperature applications.

Compared to conventional gases air and carbon dioxide are shown good performance and

it is economically cheaper too. This experimental study focuses on the comparison of the

carbon dioxide and air on the arc voltage, electro-thermal efficiency, average enthalpy and

operating regime of the plasma torch operated at atmospheric pressure. Customized low

power DC plasma torch used in this study consists of tungsten cathode and an anode.

Carbon dioxide and air are used as plasma forming gas along with a feeble amount of

argon. The plasma torch was operated over a wide range of current (100-175A) with fixed

gas flow rate. The voltage fluctuation and electro-thermal efficiency of the plasma torch

were measured and results are compared. It has been found that carbon dioxide has a

strong influence than air on the arc voltage fluctuation and electro-thermal efficiency and

operating regime of the plasma torch



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 50

OP-09

Spatial variation of plasma parameters in a pulsed plasma

accelerator

S. Singha 1,*, A. Ahmed 1, S. Borthakur 1, N.K. Neog 1, T.K. Borthakur 1

1 Centre of Plasma Physics - Institute for Plasma Research Sonapur-782402, Kamrup (M), Assam,

India


Abstract

The plasma stream of pulsed plasma accelerator devices, in general, possesses high

density, high speed as well as substantial amount of high heat flux. It has drawn a greater

interest for probable plasma technologies such as thruster application, basic studies of

high-speed plasma, material plasma deposition, for generation of various radiation sources

such as X-Ray and UV, plasma bubble formation, etc. In recent times, the high-density

pulsed plasma has been demonstrated as a potential source of high heat flux to study

plasma surface interaction and related issues relevant to large fusion plasma devices like

ITER. In this study, helium plasma stream is generated in a coaxial plasma accelerator by

applying a high voltage from a 200 kJ pulsed power system. Understanding of the plasma

stream parameters are important for further study of various phenomena and its

utilization for applications. The present work aims at measuring the electron temperature

and density of helium plasma produced in a pulsed plasma accelerator. The plasma is

diagnosed by an in-house built, battery-operated Triple Langmuir probe arrangement and

translating it along axial direction precisely from 8 to 40 cm inside the plasma stream away

from the electrode end. By varying experimental conditions, the plasma temperature and

density are measured at different spatial position of the stream. The measured maximum

electron temperature and corresponding density are around 33 eV and 5 x 1020/m3

respectively for a discharge voltage of 12 kV at a distance of 8 cm from the exit of the

electrode. It is observed that the value of parameters decreases with the increase in the

axial distance away from the electrode end.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 51

OP-10

Numerical study on the effect of plasma density on Runaway

Electron suppression in the ADITYA-U tokamak

Ansh Patel 1, Santosh P. Pandya 2,*, Tanmay M. Macwan 2, Umeshkumar C. Nagora 2,

Jayesh V. Raval 2, K.A. Jadeja 2, Sameer Kumar Jha 2, Rohit Kumar 2, Suman Aich2,

Suman Dolui 2, Kaushlender Singh 2, K. M. Patel 2, Kumudni Tahiliani 2, Surya

Kumar Pathak 2,3, Rakesh L. Tanna 2, Joydeep Ghosh 2,3, Manoj Kumar 2, ADITYA-U

team2

1 1School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, India

2 Institute for Plasma Research, Near Indira Bridge, Bhat, Gandhinagar – 382428, India.

3 Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India.


Abstract

Runaway Electrons (REs) generated during plasma disruptions in fusion grade

tokamaks have the potential to severely damage the plasma-facing components. Designing

optimal plasma discharge scenarios for RE suppression in future experiments requires

interpretative modelling of current experiments. Multiple experiments have been carried

out on ADITYA-U tokamak to design optimal plasma discharge scenarios for RE avoidance

and suppression. In this paper, we study two representative pairs of ADITYA-U plasma

discharges. In the first pair of discharges, the effect of a lower ratio of peak electric field

during breakdown to the pre-fill pressure is shown on RE generation. In the second pair

of the representative discharges, plasma density was increased by gas puffs during the

flap-top phase which is shown to suppress RE generation. We simulate these plasma

discharges using the PREDICT code to study the dynamics of runaway electrons. The

results are consistent with the Hard X-Ray diagnostic observations for both the pair of

representative discharges. Additionally, the lowest RE-current is obtained in the

discharges with a low ratio of the peak electric field during breakdown to the pre-fill

pressure and high plasma density during the flap-top phase due to gas puffs. The

suppression of REs is demonstrated by showing the effect of increasing plasma density on

the separatrix in momentum space between thermal electrons and REs.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 52

OP-11

Effect of reduced electric field on the methane conversion in dbd

and arc discharges operated using methane-air mixture: A

simulation study

Ram Mohan Pathak 1, Ananthanarasimhan J 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1*

1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore


Abstract

This work investigates the effect of reduced electric field on methane conversion in

an atmospheric pressure simple coaxial dielectric barrier discharge reactor and arc

discharge. The study is performed using simulation of entire plasma-chemical kinetics of

the species using CHEMICAL WORKBENCH. About 450 reactions including all electronic

type and chemical processes were considered for the plasma-chemical kinetics study. The

results reveal that high electric field, > 50 Td, is important for DBD plasmas to achieve

good conversion, while for arc plasma, the reduced electric field < 40 Td is sufficient to

achieve good conversion of methane.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 53

OP-12

Comparison of performance of cold atmospheric plasma and two

conventional methods for inactivation of the Alternaria sp.

C. Alves-Júnior 1,2,*, L.J.A. de Lima 1, J. O. Vitoriano 1,2, M.C.S. Campêlo 3,

L.C. de Figuerêdo 3

1 LABPLASMA- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid

2 Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Departament of Mechanical Engineering, Campus

Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP: 59078-970. Natal-RN

3 LABFUNGI, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid


Abstract

In this paper, the inactivation of Alternaria sp., is investigated using cold

atmospheric plasma (CAP) and the results compared with two conventional techniques,

namely (i) sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) and (ii) quaternary ammonium

compounds (QAC). CAP generated by a pulsed corona discharge device was evaluated

against suspension of spore of Alternaria sp. (5x10³ conidia.mL-1) inside a test tube. The

results were compared with conventional techniques of water disinfection by NaDCC (200

ppm and 400 ppm) or QAC (1000 ppm). Except treatments of 1 and 3 minutes (10 kV) and

1 minute (20 kV), all other plasma treatment conditions were effective in Alternaria sp

spore inactivation. In conventional treatment, only sanitizer NaDCC400, whose

concentration is 8 times the WHO reference value, presents complete inactivation in this

study. Cold plasma at atmospheric pressure in a liquid medium may be an alternative to

costly disinfection and unhealthy chemical sanitizers since plasma treatment was efficient

to achieve an inactivation rate of approximately 3.699 log CFU/ml (death of 99.999% viable

CFU) of fungi

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 54

OP-13

Gas plasma sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin

Milad Rasouli 1,2, Mahmood Ghoranneviss 2,3, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov 4

1 Institute for Plasma Research and Department of Physics, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

2 Plasma Medicine Group, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of

Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,

Tehran, Iran

4 School of Chemistry and Physics and QUT Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland

University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia


Abstract

The current situation of ovarian cancer oncotherapy has created a major problem

for the health system. Due to the limited therapeutic results of conventional modalities,

the majority of efforts in ovarian cancer treatment studies focus on new therapeutic

strategy achievement. Gas plasma offering a promising alternative to conventional ovarian

cancer therapies owing to its multimodal nature. Physico-chemical agents generated in the

interaction of plasma plume with air, solution, and biological targets lead to a suitable

platform for modern oncology. Here, we examine the efficacy of physical parameters of gas

plasma simultaneously with carboplatin on A2780 CP and GCs as ovarian cancer cells and

normal cells. Our result revealed that plasma combats carboplatin resistance and induces

selective responses between the malignant and normal cells. These effects are further

related to molecular intracellular mechanisms by monitoring the expression of Bax and

Bcl-2. Compared to carboplatin, gas plasma is able to target cancer cells whereas normal

cells are unaffected. Further, we found H2O2 concentration enhances with increasing

discharge voltage and conclude it is one of the important factors in the gas plasma action

mechanism.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 55

OP-14

Computational analysis of non-thermal plasma dynamics in a low

pressure continuous DBD reactor for liquid foods

decontamination

Dharini M 1, Anbarasan R 1, Jaspin S 1, Mahendran 1,*

1 Centre of Excellence in Non-Thermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,

Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Thanjavur, India


Abstract

An indigenous DBD, low pressure non-thermal plasma system was developed for

continuous liquid foods decontamination. A 2- Dimensional computational model for the

non-thermal plasma system was built using COMSOL Multiphysics to predict the reactive

species concentration for any given condition. The objective of the current study is to

correlate the intensities of species obtained from Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES)

with the modeled species concentration for the similar experimental condition. The

modeling was done based on the input independent parameters such as the electrode

diameter (20 cm), electrode distance (1.5 cm) and applied voltage (1, 1.5 and 2 kV). As an

initial step the strongest intensities of the reactive species observed to be present in the

optical emission spectra such as OI, NI, NO and O3 were taken for modeling. The possible

chemical equations for the generation of selected reactive species were assumed and the

corresponding data were collected from literature. For these experimental assumptions

and conditions, the concentration distribution of reactive species was predicted.

Additionally, the microbial reduction results obtained for different process parameters

were correlated with the concentration distribution of reactive species to interpret the

influence of every individual reactive species on the microbial inactivation.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 56

OP-15

Computational dynamics for DBD plasma system to predict the

reactive species concentration and to evaluate individual species

influence on chlorpyrifos degradation in soybean

Anbarasan R 1, Dharini M 1, Mahendran 1,*


Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Thanjavur, India


Abstract

Cold plasma contains reactive species, free electrons and UV radiation which are

responsible for the food processing applications such as microbial reduction, disinfestation

and decontamination. The intensity of each plasma component has its own impact on

specific food application and the generation of these components are purely depend on the

system configuration and the set operational parameters. This study deals with the

development of a 2D computational model for a low pressure (50–75 mmHg) DBD air

plasma system to predict the reactive species concentration and to assess its effect on

chlorpyrifos degradation at different power levels. For the experiment, soybean seeds with

different chlorpyrifos concentration of 1 ppm, 2 ppm and 3 ppm were treated at 25 W, 50

W and 100 W power levels in plasma system. During the experiment, OES data were

collected for selecting the predominant reactive species (OI, OIII, ArII, NI) for modeling

using COMSOL Multiphysics software. For each species, the feasible chemical reactions

were assumed with necessary data such as electron density and energy to fed into the

model. After computation, the reactive species concentration data were compared with the

OES data to check the effectiveness of the developed model at different power level. In

addition, the pesticide decay at different power levels were correlated with the reactive

species concentration to assess the influence of each species on the degradation. From the

study it was found that cold plasma treatment at 100 W power level reduced more than

50% chlorpyrifos from soybean and significant difference in the reactive species

concentration were observed in both OES and computed data.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 57

OP-16

Numerical simulation of the characteristics of DC glow discharge

confined by mirror and cusp magnetic fields

M.S. Janarthini 1, V.R. Barath1, K. Ramachandran 1,*

1 Plasma Modeling and Simulation Laboratory,Department of Physics, Bharathiar University,

Coimbatore


Abstract

One of the oldest problems in plasma physics is analyzing the effect of magnetic

field on the plasma behaviour. This analysis is highly essential in plasma fusion research

and for the enhancement of several desirable features of various plasma discharge sources

employed in several technological applications. Laboratory plasma sources, due to their

unique characteristics and easy accessibility, mainly support these fundamental studies,

out of which direct current (DC) glow discharge is the best suitable candidate. In the

present work, a 2D axisymmetric model based on drift diffusion approach is developed to

simulate the effect of magnetic field on argon DC glow discharge plasma. The plasma is

confined by applying magnetic field with mirror and cusp configurations. The effect of

magnetic field on transport coefficients of charged species in the tensor form is included

in the model. DC glow discharge is simulated at two different magnetic field configurations

for different coil currents, coil separation distances, number of coil turns, etc. The effect

of magnetic field on the number density of charged species, electron temperature,

ionization rate and electrostatic potential is presented and discussed.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 58

OP-17

Hydrophilization of ritonavir drug using pulsed oxygen plasma

treatment for enhanced wettability, solubility and dissolution

Ajinkya M. Trimukhe 1, Satish V. Rojekar 2, Rajendra R. Deshmukh 1,

Pradeep R. Vavia 2

1 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India

2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology,

Mumbai, 400019, India


Abstract

In the present study, pulsed oxygen plasma treatment (POPT) was employed to

transform hydrophobic drug-ritonavir powder into hydrophilic one. A low pressure RF

rotating plasma reactor was used to accomplish the hydroxylation of ritonavir by applying

5/20ms optimized plasma pulse with 200 cc/min flow of oxygen through plasma regime.

Pulsed oxygen plasma treated ritonavir showed improved wettability, solubility and

dissolution rate. In contrast to untreated ritonavir, the solubility improved by 5.87 times

for 30 min POPT ritonavir. Intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of 30 min plasma-treated

ritonavir was found to be 1.95 time’s higher than the untreated ritonavir. Increase in

wettability was observed with increase in plasma treatment time as evident from contact

angle study. Drug samples were characterized by variety of techniques. The ATR-FTIR

demonstrated a broad peak of -OH at 3300 cm-1, mass spectra exhibited distinct

hydroxylated fragments of 737 m/z (+16 Da) and XPS atomic concentration showed an

increased oxygen concentration in the survey spectra from 9 to 12%. In addition, the

hydroxylation of POPT ritonavir has shown improved negative zeta potential which led to

increased solubility. No physico-chemical changes between POPT and untreated ritonavir

have been found in the DLS, DSC, XRD, NMR and SEM studies. The ability of pulsed

oxygen plasma treatment to enhance the wettability, solubility and dissolution efficiency

of hydrophobic drugs was therefore seen in this study.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 59

OP-18

Room-temperature toluene decomposition by catalytic non-

thermal plasma reactor

KVSS Bhargavi 1, Debjyoti Ray 1, Ch. Subrahmanyam 1,*

1 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India-

502285.


Abstract

The present work studied the decomposition of a model VOC, toluene, in a packed-

bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor. 2.5% MOx/γ-Al2O3 (M = Mn, Co)

catalysts prepared by wet impregnation method were utilised for packing. They were

characterised by BET, TPD (CO2 and NH3) and TEM to understand the metal-support

interaction and physicochemical properties. The influence of varying input toluene

concentration (between 50 and 200 ppm) and different packing conditions (surface

modifications of γ-Al2O3 with Mn and Co oxides) on the conversion of toluene, product

selectivity of CO and CO2 and ozone formation is studied. Surface-modified γ-Al2O3 showed

improved CO2 selectivity compared to γ-Al2O3 and bare plasma. CoOx/γ-Al2O3 effectively

decomposed 50 ppm toluene (95% at 3.3 W) with about 70% CO2 selectivity. MnOx/γ-Al2O3

and CoOx/γ-Al2O3 displayed the same conversion effect at higher toluene input. Almost

98% carbon balance and suppressed ozone formation were observed using surface-

modified γ-Al2O3, signifying the necessity of integrating metal oxide to achieve effective

conversion and maximum selectivity towards the desired products. The mean electron

energies and energy electron distribution function were also calculated using BOLSIG+

software. The high-performance packed-bed DBD system packed with supported 2.5%

MOx/γ-Al2O3 offers a promising approach to using highly active transition metal oxide-

based catalysts for VOCs removal.

Figure (a) Influence of γ-Al2O3 metal oxide supported catalysts on the conversion of

toluene. (b) Lissajous figures with different catalyst packing

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 60

OP-19

Ceria nanoparticles synthesis through microplasma array

discharge method and its supercapacitor performance

assessment

E.R. Kavitha 1, S. Meiyazhagan 1, S. Yugeswaran 2, K. Suresh 1,*

1 Surface & Environmental Control Plasma Lab, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University,

Coimbatore–641046, Tamil Nadu, India.

2 Applied Thermal Plasma Laboratory, Department of Physics, Pondicherry University,

Puducherry–605014, India


Abstract

Ceria (CeO2), one of the rare earth materials, possess remarkable properties

imparting wide applications in various fields of energy, industry, medicine, environment,

information so on. In the present study microplasma array method is used for the

synthesis of ceria nanoparticles (NPs) from cerium nitrate precursor solution. Microplasma

plume was ignited with a high voltage ac power supply on the precursor solution using

Argon gas as the plasma medium. The high energetic electrons in the plasma plume

generate highly reactive metastable OH radicals, which further combine with electrons to

form OH- ions. Hence, the cerium ions in the electrolyte solution were easily hydrolyzed to

form ceria NPs. The crystalline structure, phase purity, size, shape and elemental

composition of the synthesized NPs were identified by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM,

TEM and EDAX analysis. The obtained results revealed the formation of pure cubic phase

CeO2 NPs with crystalline size of 3 nm and the formation of ceria NPs was also confirmed

through Raman spectroscopy. Agglomerated CeO2 nanoparticles of spherical shapes with

narrow size (about 4 nm) distributions were analyzed from SEM and TEM images. The

electrochemical performance of ceria NPs was investigated through cyclic voltammetry

analysis through an electrochemical workstation. The present study highlights the

synthesis of high yield ceria NPs through a single, rapid and amicable process without the

use of any extra chemicals and treatments for the application of a three-electrode

supercapacitor system.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 61

OP-20

Study of addition of aluminum on electrochemical features of

low-reflectivity TiAlN coatings

Aida M. Echavarría1, Hernán D. Mejía V1, Gilberto Bejarano G1

1 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales – CIDEMAT, Facultad de

Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.

* Corresponding Author Email:: [email protected]

Abstract:

Different surface treatments have been use to improve the corrosion resistance of

surgical instruments that are repeatedly subjected to sterilization processes. TiAlN coating

is proposed to decrease the reflectivity of metallic instruments, that can affect the field of

vision of surgeons during medical procedures, but without neglecting the protective

properties of the steels from which they are manufactured. According to the above, in this

work a low reflectivity coating of TiAlN was deposited on AISI 420 steel, by direct-current

unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique, measuring reflectivity by ultraviolet-visible

spectroscopy. During the deposition process, a variation in the aluminum content was

made, to evaluate its influence on the electrochemical properties of the material.

Morphological features of the coatings were analyzed using transmission (TEM), scanning

electron (SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopies. Chemical composition and phases

formation were evaluated by through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray

photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction techniques. Electrochemical

properties were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and

potentiodynamic polarization. The increase in the aluminum content led to denser

structures and the formation of TiN, AlN and Al2O3 phases, which contributed to the

decrease in the reflectivity of the coatings by 60%, and in turn to a current density of two

orders of magnitude lower than AISI 420 steel, also exhibiting more positive potentials

than this, and guaranteeing greater resistance to corrosion of this substrate.

*****************

file:///C:/Users/aida.echavarria/Documents/08%20CONGRESOS/CONGRESOS%20DOCTORADO/CIM%20PAIPA/[email protected]


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 62

OP-21

Study on Cold Plasma Treatment for Improving the Shelf Life of

Soya Chunks in Food Industry

Thirumalaisamy Anupriyanka 1, Gurusamy Shanmugavelayutham 1,*

1 Plasma Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore- 641046,

Tamil Nadu, India


Abstract

Food safety is a critical public health issue for consumers and the food industry

because microbiological contamination of food causes considerable social and economic

burdens on health care. Dry food systems with low water activity are often susceptible to

fungal contamination and their safety remains a challenge for processors. Compared to

several conventional and non-thermal approaches (for example, UV light, gamma

irradiation, pulsed light), cold plasma treatments act rapidly against molds, require low

energy input, and have a relatively milder impact on quality. Cold plasma treatment is a

promising intervention in food processing to boost product safety and extend the shelf-life.

The activated chemical species of cold plasma act rapidly against micro-organisms at

ambient temperatures without leaving any known chemical residues. The present work is

to modify the surface of soya chunks by using DC glow discharge plasma to prevent the

fungus and to extend the shelf life. The preliminary studies were carried out for shelf-life

extension and quality retention of foods by cold plasma treatment. Yeast and mold for

untreated and plasma treated soya chunks at different plasma treatment time were

observed. The proximate composition analysis and untreated and plasma treated were

studied for improvement of shelf life of soya chunks.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 63

OP-22

Effect of reduced electric field on toluene dissociation in a

rotating gliding arc discharge: A simulation study

Ananthanarasimhan J 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1,*

1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012


Abstract

This work investigates the effect of reduced electric field on dissociation of toluene

diluted in N2 plasma, in a rotating gliding arc discharge. The study is performed by

simulating the entire known plasma-chemical kinetics processes of various species using

CHEMICAL WORKBENCH. Towards this a mechanism is developed, where in, about 200+

reactions are added, which includes all the electronic type and chemical processes of N2,

toluene and their dissociated species. The developed mechanism is also validated with a

literature work reported for pulsed glow discharge plasma. In this work, simulation was

carried out for toluene concentration of 200 and 400 ppmV. The results reveal that, the

conversion at less residence time of order ≈ms needs reduced electric field of > 60 Td.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 64

OP-23

Plasma assisted Hopcalite (CuMnOx) catalysis for toluene removal

in an air stream

S. Sonar 1,2,*, J.-M.Giraudon 1, S.K.P.Veerapandian 2, J.-F. Lamonier, R. Morent 2,

N. De Geyter 2, A.Löfberg 1

1 UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France

2 Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent,

Belgium


Abstract

There is widespread concern about air pollution caused by volatile organic

compounds (VOCs) such as toluene, which are harmful to human health and are emitted

primarily from different industries and automobile exhaust emissions. Among various VOC

abatement methods, non-thermal plasma (NTP) stands as an outstanding technology due

to its wide adaptability and fast reaction time under ambient conditions. However, using

NTP alone causes the formation of some unwanted by-products, low CO2 selectivity and

high energy consumption. Recently, a new technique is being developed consisting of a

sequential adsorption plasma catalysis (APC) process. It offers an innovative approach to

solve the problem of VOCs pollution, especially when VOC is present in low concentrations.

The main advantages of an APC system are: operating at ambient temperature and

atmospheric pressure, the improvement of the CO2 selectivity, the suppression of by-

products formation and finally, low energy consumption.

In this study, the APC system is divided into two steps: i) toluene from dry air is

adsorbed on the adsorbent and/or catalyst in the absence of plasma; ii) without the use

of external heat, catalytic reactions are initiated by the plasma. The synergetic effect of the

combination of catalyst and plasma resulted in the rapid oxidation of VOC. In this way,

the energy consumption occurs only during the second step. For an APC system, material

need to be bifunctional, i.e act as adsorbent with good adsorption capacity and as catalysts

with good redox properties. Hopcalite (CuMnOx) is a porous amorphous material well

known for total oxidation reactions (CO, VOC). Thus, Hopcalite can be an effective

candidate as a bifunctional material in an APC process, serving as an adsorbant in the

storage phase and as a catalyst in the NTP discharge.

In this work, Hopcalite is used (2 g) for the removal of toluene (500 ppm) from dry

air (0.2 L.min-1) by an APC process. We report the influence of different process parameters

such as the effect of toluene storage time spans (t1) and of NTP discharge power (P) on the

performances of the APC process in terms of catalytic and energetic performances (Figure

1). These parameters influence product selectivity and yield by changing the interactions

between the catalyst and the plasma species. The optimized experimental conditions lead

to a good CO2 selectivity (80-90 %), CO2 yield (71-79 %) and low energy cost (3.6 kWhm-3).

Furthermore, the process was repeated several times on the same material in order to

study the stability of Hopcalite. Different characterizations (such as XPS, XRD, and

Raman) on fresh and used Hopcalite have been performed which confirmed the excellent

stability of the material.



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 65

The results pave the way for the use of the APC technique for environmental

applications to remove low concentrations of pollutants from air.

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of sequential adsorption plasma catalysis (APC) for toluene

abatement.

*****************

C6H5CH3 + 18O 7CO2 + 4H2O


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 66

OP-24

Enrichment of Hydroponic Farming by Paw Spray Gliding Arc

Plasma Generator

Khanit Matra 1,*, Yottana Tanakaran 1, Suthida Theepharaksapan 2,

Vijitra Luang-In 3

1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Srinakharinwirot University,

Ongkharak, Nakhonnayok, 26120, Thailand

2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Srinakharinwirot

University, Nakhonnayok, 26120, Thailand

3 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University,

Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand


Abstract

Gliding arc has been one of the most well-known plasma generators due to its ability

to generate energetic electrons, ions, excited atoms, and molecules at the atmospheric

environment. These species, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactive nitrogen

species (RNS), are beneficial for biomedical and agricultural applications. In this time, the

effect of non-thermal air plasma on hydroponic farming has been proposed. A gliding arc

plasma generator was designed for plasma activated water (PAW) spray generation, as

shown in Fig. 1a). A PAW spray was operated at 36 kHz at 8, 10, and 12 kV by a custom-

made AC high voltage power supply. Four hydroponic plots were treated by PAW spray at

different conditions for 10 minutes, 3 times a day for 9 days. The experiments were

triplicated for each plot. The experimental results presented that the plasma-treated

hydroponic plots had a better growth rate than the controlled group. The best condition

was found in the PAW spray generated at 8 kV source voltage, which could obtain the

longest average height and width of sprouts, 11 and 10 cm, respectively, as illustrated in

Fig.1b). Moreover, its average dried weight was also significantly greater than that of the

controlled group for 1.28 grams. It was found that the organic matters in water were

improved by plasma treatment. The highest contents of O2 and N2 were found in the PAW

spray generated at the source voltage of 10 and 8 kV, respectively, which were more than

that of the controlled group for 2.40 and 2.67 times, respectively. Moreover, the electrical

conductivity, pH, and COD could be improved by air plasma. It could be confirmed that

the plasma treatment could be effectively applied for hydroponic farming, and the PAW

spray generated by gliding arc plasma generator could enhance the amount of organic

matter in treated-water, which is essential for plant growth stimulation.

a)



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 67

b)

ig. 1 (a) The schematic drawing of PAW spray gliding arc plasma generator, and (b)

comparison image of green oak sprout between the control plot and the plot spayed by

PAW generated at 8 kV.

*****************


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 68

OP-25

Post-harvest decontamination of rocket leaves through plasma

activated water (PAW): effects on quality and shelf-life

Giorgia Gozzi 1, Beatrice Cellini 1, Romolo Laurita 3, Silvia Tappi 1,2, Doaa

Abouelenein 4, Sauro Vittori 4, Vittorio Colombo 2,5, Pietro Rocculi 1,2, Marco Dalla

Rosa 1,2, Lucia Vannini 1,2

1 Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich, 60,

Cesena FC, Italy

2 Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, via Q. Bucci

336, Cesena, FC, Italy

3 Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Via Saragozza 8, Bologna,

Italy dSchool of Farmacy, University of Camerino, Italy

4 School of Farmacy, University of Camerino, Italy

5 Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research for Advanced Mechanics and Materials,

University of Bologna, Via Saragozza 8 Bologna Italy


Abstract

Ready-to-eat vegetables offer great advantages to consumers due to their nutritional

value and convenience, although they are an ideal substrate for microbial growth. Rocket

(E. sativa) is appreciated by consumers for its pleasant bitter flavor and its high content of

vitamins C and K, Calcium, fibers and glucosinolates. The major post-harvest problems of

rocket are wilting, senescence and microbial spoilage which limits its shelf-life. Also

decontamination from pathogenic microorganisms is a critical aspect for food safety. In

the food industry, fresh rocket is usually washed with chlorine sanitizers (e.g. NaOCl,

ClO2) to limit degradative processes and the microbial growth. However, this procedure

releases on the rocket leaves several by-products including chloramines which are

potentially harmful to human health.

Plasma Activated Water (PAW), obtained by exposing water to cold plasma

discharges, could be an alternative method for the decontamination of fresh rocket. In this

contest, the aim of this study was to use PAW for the decontamination of fresh rocket

leaves to extend their shelf-life without affecting their quality characteristics.

PAW was generated with distilled water exposed to a Microsecond Pulsed Corona

device for 4 minutes. Subsequently, rocket leaves were washed with PAW for 2, 5, 10 and

20 min then dried and finally stored at 4°C up to 10 days in PP bags under ordinary

atmosphere. The load of spoilage microbiota on rocket salad treated with PAW was

compared to those washed with sodium hypochlorite solution (100 ppm). Also, the effects

of PAW washing on product quality traits were evaluated by measuring pH, color

parameters and the content of some bioactive compounds.

Data showed that PAW resulted in an immediate reduction of 1-1.5 log CFU/g for

the target microbial groups. Sodium hypochlorite, which is the reference sanitizer,

exhibited a similar efficacy to the PAW against mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria,

while its activity against Enterobacteriaceae was higher than PAW. During storage at 4°C,

cell loads of the spoilage microbiota increased suggesting that survivors were able to repair



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 69

damages. However, the same trend was detected also for rocket samples washed with

sodium hypochlorite. Moreover, minimal variations in the qualitative parameters were

observed. Overall, these results showed that PAW can be a promising innovative post-

harvest treatment to preserve perishable foods such as ready to eat vegetables.

The present work is part of the research activities developed within the project

“PLASMAFOOD - Study and optimization of cold atmospheric plasma treatment for food

safety and quality improvement” founded by MIUR - Ministero dell’Istruzione

dell’Università e della Ricerca – PRIN Progetti di Ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale,

Bando 2017.

*****************


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 70

OP-26

Solvation of Gaseous Nitrous Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Ozone

in the Bulk Water

Mostafa Elsayed Hassan 1, Mário Janda and Zdenko Machala 1*

1 Division of Environmental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius

University, Mlynská Dolina, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia


Abstract

Atmospheric air plasmas created in contact with water generate “plasma-activated

water” (PAW) containing various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), e.g.,

hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) anions, and ozone (O3), as well

as other shortlived species. It has been reported by several groups that the PAW solutions

are effective in killing and inactivating bacteria, having potential applications in

biomedicine. PAW is considered as an example of the outcome of plasma-liquid interaction,

where the RONS from plasma are transported into the water. The solvation potential of

gases into liquids is given by Henry’s law solubility coefficient 𝑘𝐻 which describes the

solubility of the gas species in liquids, e.g., water. Plasma long-lived RONS: H2O2, HNO2,

and O3 have 𝑘𝐻 of ≈ 9 × 102, 4.8 × 10−1, and 10−4 mol m3 ⁄ Pa, respectively. It means that

the solubility of RONS generated in the gas phase varies markedly and even if their gaseous

concentrations are equal, concentrations achievable in the aqueous phase differ

significantly. The transport mechanism of HNO2, H2O2, and O3 into the bulk water is

investigated here. The comparison of highly soluble H2O2 with the medium and weakly

soluble HNO2 and O3 species can lead to a better understanding of the transport

mechanism of gaseous RONS into the water and will enable optimization of the plasma-

liquid interaction systems. The concentration of the transported HNO2 into the water as

(NO2-) is measured using the UV-Vis absorption spectroscopic technique. In the gas phase,

HNO2 is partially decomposed into NO and NO2 (NOx). The concentration of HNO2 and NOx

in the gas phase is measured using electrochemical gas sensors and the UV-Vis absorption

spectroscopic technique. Due to the transport of HNO2 into the water (aqueous phase),

there is a depletion in the gas phase. The theoretical highest decrease of HNO2

concentration in the gas is determined by Henry’s law coefficient. It was found out that the

measured concentration of HNO2 in the bulk water is 3 orders of magnitude higher than

that of O3. This result corresponds to the ratio of HNO2 and O3 Henry’s law coefficients.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 71

OP-27

Development of Atmospheric Plasma Spary Coatings of Rare

Earth Phosphates on Graphite Substrate

S. Bhandari 1,2, N. Tiwari 2, Y. Chakravarthy 2, V. Chaturvedi Misra 2, S Ghorui 1,2,

T. Mahata 1,3

1 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, INDIA

2 Laser & Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, INDIA

3 Powder Metallurgy Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai- 400085, INDIA


Abstract

Rare earth (RE) phosphates are considered to be protective coating material for

thermal insulation and high temperature corrosion application by virtue of its unique

properties like chemical inertness, low thermal conductivity and high melting point. Some

of the rare earth phosphates are found to be highly compatible with molten uranium.

Present paper focuses on the development of RE phosphate coatings with the immediate

targeted application of molten containment of and a possible extension of nuclear waste

handling. The present paper also reports a complete process for synthesis of thermal spray

grade powders of YPO4 and plasma spray deposition. YPO4 were synthesized from the

yttrium oxides by reaction with orthophospheric acid. X-ray diffraction, FTIR and Raman

spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized powder. As synthesized powder

was then converted to plasma spray grade powder. The optimized plasma spray deposition

process parameters have been obtained using CFD simulation study. Plasma spray

deposition was done on graphite coupons. Plasma sprayed coating was investigated using

scanning electron microscope and EDAX. Results reveal that good quality YPO4 coating

can be developed using atmospheric plasma spray process.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 72

OP-28

Studies on the development of rare earth silicate-based

environmental barrier coatings by plasma spraying

S. Senthil Kumar 1, N. Balaji 1, Easwari Padma1, S.T. Aruna 1,*

1 Surface Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Aerospace

Laboratories, HAL Airport Road, Bengaluru-560017, India


Abstract

Currently, there is a great interest in replacing the hot sections of gas turbine

engines made of heavy cobalt- or nickel-based superalloys with SiC/SiC ceramic matrix

composites (CMCs). However, a major concern is the sensitivity of Si-based ceramics to the

combustion environment as the protective silica scale greatly interacts with hot water

vapor to form gaseous silicon hydroxides, resulting in catastrophic erosion of CMCs.

Furthermore, the CMCs suffer from severe hot corrosion in molten salt and calcium

magnesium aluminum silicate. To protect the CMC based turbine materials from the above

issues, silicate based environmental barrier coating coatings (EBCs) possessing corrosion-

resistant properties at high temperatures must be enforced on them. The present study

reports the preliminary studies carried out on the preparation and characterization of Yb-

2Si2O7 and Y2Si2O7 powders and plasma sprayed coatings for EBC application. The main

emphasis is on the synthesis of Yb2Si2O7 and Y2Si2O7 flowable powders and plasma

spraying of the powders.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 73

OP-29

Computational modeling on Cu-Ni alloy evaporation in DC free

burning arc plasma

G D Dhamale 1,*, Subrat Kumar Das 1 , Satya Prakash Reddy Kandada 1,2,

R. Abiyazhini 3, K. Ramachandran 3, C Balasubramanian 1,2

1 Atmospheric Plasma Division, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India-382016

2Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India-400085

3Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India-641046


Abstract

Cu-Ni alloy is an industrially important alloy material as it possess good corrosion

resistant property and has high mechanical strength. Additionally, this alloy material at

nano dimensions has further enhanced properties. DC free burning arc plasma is one of

the techniques used for nanomaterial synthesis by evaporating the anode (or workpiece)

material2,3. To predict the process of nanoparticle formation and optimization of the

process parameters, knowledge of plasma generation is not enough. The process of

plasma-electrode interaction and energy transfer from arc to anode material is also an

essential part to study the workpiece evaporation4. The relative ratio of Cu and Ni in the

alloy is crucial in deciding the various properties. During plasma synthesis, this ratio is

decidedly influenced by the evaporation rate of anode feed materials. Present work

underlines a possible reasoning for final composition obtained for Cu-Ni nanoparticles

synthesized in a free burning arc reactor. Here we reports a two dimensional, axi-

symmetric, steady state computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of a free burning

arc setup involving arc-electrode interaction for CuNi alloy workpiece. Alloy material with

nickel at 95 atomic percent and copper at 5 atomic percent is taken as the precursor. An

interaction of free burning arc plasma with anode is presented. An energy equation solved

in solid anode mainly consists of the heat generation due to thermal conduction and Joule

heating effect. For this, a current continuity between the arc and anode is modeled in the

present simulation. Study discusses a temperature distribution obtained from CFD

simulation in the anode material and its influence on evaporation rates of the copper and

nickel from its precursor. Simultaneous experimental study shows a drastic dissimilarity

in final composition of the alloy nanoparticles from its precursor. Results are discussed in

the light of the differences in vapor pressure of alloying elements including diverse

thermophysical properties of them.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 74

OP-30

Radical Generation in Interaction of Thermal Plasma Jet of Air

with Water

N. Tiwari 1, V. C. Misra 1,2, S. Bhandari 1,2, Y.C. Chakraborty 1, S. Ghorui 1,2

1 Laser & Plasma technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-

400085

2Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094


Abstract

The study attempts understanding the salient features of interaction of thermal

plasma jet of air with water under different operating conditions. Plasma jet emanating

from thermal plasma torches is first characterized for it gas phase kinetics through Optical

Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and fast photography diagnostics. Species generated in the

plasma jet are identified using OES. Temperature of the plasma jet is measured using

Boltzman Plot Technique. Simulated spectra generated from LIFBASE software matched

with experimental spectra for second positive series of nitrogen provided rotational

temperature of the air plasma. Images were recorded using high speed camera and

analysed using image analysis software. Intensity contours plotted for the plasma jet image

gave details about vivid internal structure in the plasma jet. Interaction of thermal plasma

jet with water generates different radicals and affects PH level of water. Concentration of

NOx in the water is measured using standard test strip.PH level of water is measured using

PH meter. Significant concentration of radicals measured and it has been observed that

PH value increases with time of plasma treatment. Obtained results may be very useful in

waste water treatment.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 75

OP-31

Efficient electron acceleration in vacuum by using trapezoidal

laser pulse envelope

A.K. Pramanik 1, Niti Kant 1, Jyoti Rajput 1,*

1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144411,

India


Abstract

In the present paper, we have investigated efficient electron acceleration by using

trapezoidal laser pulse envelope in vacuum. MeV electrons have been injected axially to

the front of a trapezoidal short laser pulse. In all calculations, the front end of each pulse

is presumed to have caught up with the electron at t = 0 at the coordinate origin. The

dynamics arise from analytic and numerical solutions to the relativistic Newton-Lorentz

equations of motion of electron in the field of the pulse. Electron energy gain have been

calculated for initial laser phase varying from 0° to 360°. In one case 5𝜋 6 ⁄ is the optimizing

phase for 0 ≤ 𝜂 ≤ 5𝜋 and in other two cases 5𝜋 ≤ 𝜂 ≤ 25𝜋 and 25𝜋 ≤ 𝜂 ≤ 30𝜋, 𝜋 6 ⁄ is the

optimizing phase. For the optimum set of laser parameters, we have observed electron

energy gain up to GeVs.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 76

OP-32

Combined effect of spatio-temporal dynamics of laser pulse on

electron acceleration in relativistic plasma

Proxy Kad 1,*, Arvinder Singh1

1 Department of physics, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar-144011,

Punjab, India


Abstract

This paper presents the spatial and temporal dynamics of high power Gaussian

laser pulse in relativistic plasma. At higher intensities, the self-focusing and self-

compression of laser pulse take place due to the variation in the mass of plasma electrons

moving with speed comparable to the speed of light. The two non-linear coupled differential

equations for spatial and temporal pulse width parameters have been obtained using the

moment theory approach. These equations have been solved numerically using Runga-

Kutta method. The variation in the spatial and temporal pulse width parameters with the

distance of propagation are then used to calculate the energy gained by the electrons,

which are trapped by the excited electron plasma wave during laser-plasma interaction. It

is predicted that spatio-temporal dynamics play an important role in electron acceleration

in relativistic plasma.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 77

OP-33

Fluid Modeling of Plasma Formed via Microwave Gas Discharge in

a Cavity Resonator at Low Pressures by Comsol Multiphysics

Software

Hadi Yusefnejad 1, Mohammad Kazem Salem 2, Mahmood Ghoranneviss 3*, Hadi

Zaker Khatir 4

1 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,

Tehran, Iran


Abstract

Microwave discharge in gases under various physical and technical conditions is a

well-known and much-studied problem. Cavity resonators are widely used in microwave

filters and multiplexers due to their high-quality factors and high power handling

capabilities. Microwave argon discharge in cavity filter under different pressures and input

power in room temperature is investigated numerically. In this paper, we studied the effect

of input power and gas pressure on microwave discharge characteristics and power

handling in cavity resonators. In off-mode, the resonance frequency was 2.3 [GHz] with a

1.5 [dB] loss. By increasing input power the GDT turned ON and introduced a significant

loss. Increasing P_in, resulted in higher n_e and thus larger conductivity and higher loss.

Results showed that increasing the gas pressure led to an increase in the n_emax,

T_emax, collisional power loss, ionization rate and discharge time. We find that breakdown

time is about 1.5 [ns].

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 78

OP-34

The effect of rotating strongly coupled magnetized Quantum

plasma on gravitational instability

K Gwala 1, A K Patidar 2, R K Pensia 3 and H. Joshi 4

1 Department of Physics, Pacific University Udaipur, (Raj)313003 India

2 Department of Physics, Govt. PG. College Mandsaur, (MP) 458001 India

3 Department of Physics, Govt Girls P G College, Neemuch (MP) 458441, India

4 Department of Physics, Govt Girls P G College, Ujjain (MP) 456001, India


Abstract:

We have investigated in this paper, the gravitational instability criterion is modified

by rotating strongly coupled magnetized quantum plasma. In parallel mode gravitational

Instability is modified by quantum plasma. In perpendicular mode gravitational instability

criterion modified in the presence of magnetic field, rotation, and quantum plasma.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 79

OP-35

Computational optimization of plasma parameters for plasma

surface modification of Titanium for dental implant

Bivek Pradhan1*, Utpal Deka1

Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, Sikkim -737136,

India


Abstract

The plasma surface treatment of titanium is found to increase the osseointegration

time in past researches and has found to be a very efficient method. This paper presents

a theoretical background for the surface treatment of the Ti as bioimplant. The effect of

ion flux and emission of secondary electron from the wall of titanium surface forms a

plasma sheath, henceforth efficiency of plasma sheath in controlling the flow of heat from

plasma to the titanium metal is studied for bone implant osseointegration. Here we have

used N2 plasma which hits the titanium surface at appropriate temperature such that wall

emits secondary electrons. This study is done via considering a 1D fluid model with

electrons and ions generating a flux relation which is solved numerically. The comparison

between hot plasma(α=1) and cold plasma(α=0.001) for surface treatment of titanium is

studied and have calculated the time required to reach the bond energy of 4.94eV for Ti-N

bond formation.



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21

Poster Contributions


ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 80

PP-01

Effects of Multi-hollow Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Plasma Treatment on Detoxification of Aflatoxins on Peanut

Seeds

Gebremedhin Gebremariam 1

1 Department of Food Process Engineering and Postharvest Technology, Ambo University, Ambo,

Ethiopia.


Abstract

The objective of this research was to assess the decontamination efficiency multi-

hollow surface dielectric barrier discharge treatment on aflatoxins of peanuts. Levels

aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) in peanut seeds after the cold plasma treatment were

measured by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence

detector and compared to untreated peanuts. Results indicate that the total number of

aflatoxins were reduced by 98.4% from treatment (10L/min for 7 min). Moreover. The

results suggest that multi-hollow surface dielectric barrier discharge technology is a

promising method for aflatoxin detoxification in peanut and other food products.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 81

PP-02

Aiding curative remediation of biodeteriorated archival paper

using oxygen plasma

Salgo Merin Ricki Elenjikamalil 1, Gauree A. Arolkar 2,3, R.R. Deshmukh 2,

Varsha Kelkar-Mane 1, *

1 Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400098, India

2 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India

3 Department of General Engineering, Terna Engineering College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706,

India


Abstract

Plasma technology is an innovative environment friendly process that can be an

alternative measure to aid the conventional methods for conservation and restoration of

archival material. Deterioration of archival documents is attributed to several

environmental causes such as microbial contamination, effect of environment, humidity

and temperature. The main aim of this study was to use oxygen plasma treatment to

achieve a reduction if not complete removal of microbial contamination from paper

substrates to be used as a method for conservation and restoration of archival material. In

the study a fixed number of fungi and bacteria were spread on paper substrates and were

subjected to the oxygen plasma treatment. The reduction in microbial load was

subsequently determined. The reduction in microbial load due to the oxygen plasma

treatments were compared as a function of power and time. The effect of oxygen plasma

on treated/untreated papers were characterized using Scanning electron microscopy and

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy by attenuated total reflectance. The FTIR results

indicated that the plasma treatment did not adversely affect the paper surface. The

cleaning of paper using oxygen plasma treatment was successfully carried out. This study

recommends use of oxygen plasma at 60W for 5 mins for complete abatement of micro-organisms from the paper surface.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 82

PP-03

Excitation of electron plasma wave by self-focused cosh-Gaussian

laser beam in collisionless plasma and electron accelerations

Gunjan Purohit 1,*, Bineet Gaur 1, Pradeep Kothiyal 2

1 Department of Physics, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand-248001, India

2 Department of Mathematics, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand-248001, India


Abstract

The excitation of electron plasma wave by an intense short laser pulse is relevant to

electron acceleration process in laser plasma interaction. In this work, self-focusing of an

intense cosh-Gaussian laser beam in collissionless plasma have been studied in the

presence of relativistic and ponderomotive nonlinearities. Further, the effect of self-

focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam on the excitation of electron plasma wave as well as

electron acceleration have been explored. This study has been carried out under

nonparaxial-ray approximation, where the eikonal and nonlinear dielectric constant are

expanded up to fourth power of r (r is the distance from the axis of beam). Analytical

expressions for the beam width parameters and intensity of cosh-Gaussian laser beam as

well as electron plasma wave have been set up and solved numerically. The energy of the

accelerated electrons has also been obtained. Strong self-focusing of the cosh-Gaussian

laser beam in plasmas excites a large amplitude electron plasma wave, which further

accelerate the electrons. The well-established laser and plasma parameters have been

taken in numerical computation. The results have been compared with paraxial ray

approximation, Gaussian profile of laser beam and only with relativistic nonlinearity.

Numerical results show that the focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam, the amplitude of

electron plasma wave, and energy gain by electrons enhances in non-paraxial region, when

relativistic and ponderomotive nonlinearities are simultaneously operative. In addition, it

is also observed that the electron plasma wave is operated more efficiently by the cosh-

Gaussian laser beam than Gaussian laser beam, which accelerate the plasma electrons to

higher energies.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 83

PP-04

Pulsed plasma electrolytic oxidation as strategy to produce

optical selective surfaces

Richelly Nayhene de Lima 1, Jussier de Oliveira Vitoriano 2,

Clodomiro Alves-Junior 1,2,*

1 Postgraduation program in materials science and engineering, Federal Rural University of

Semiarid, 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil.

2 Postgraduation program in Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do

Norte,59078-970, Natal, Brazil


Abstract

Porous alumina (PA) films have been investigated and utilized in numerous areas

including drug delivery, sensors and biosensors, molecular separation and energy

generation and storage. Coletores solares de elevado desempenho são aqueles em que as

suas superfícies apresentam elevada seletividade, absorvendo praticamente toda radiação

solar incidente e não a reemitindo termicamente ao ambiente externo. Neste trabalho, nós

utilizamos oxidação por plasma eletrolítico produzida por tensão pulsada (PPEO) para

produzir superfícies porosas, de maneira controlada, em alumínio. O controle da

porosidade se fez pela variação da largura de pulso (Ton) e tempo de tratamento, mantendo

constante o tempo de repetição do pulso (Toff). The microstructure and phase composition

of the films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction

(XRD). Using short pulses (Ton) with smaller time of treatment resulted in pores more

uniform size and higher density. These results positively influenced the reflectance and

thermal efficiency of the surfaces.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 84

PP-05

Influence of Aluminum Content on The Microstructure,

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialn Coatings

Hernán D. Mejía V 1,*, Mauricio A. Franco 1, 2, Gilberto Bejarano G 1

1 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales – CIDEMAT, Facultad de

Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.

2 Grupo de Electromagnetismo Aplicado, Universidad EAFIT, Cra 49 No. 7 Sur-50, Medellín,

Colombia

* Corresponding Author Email: [email protected],

Abstract

4140 steel is widely used in the manufacture of machinery and equipment parts

subject to oscillating loads, such as pumps, motor shafts and crankshafts, connecting

rods, spindles, axles, nuts, and bolts; of components of forming tools and dies such as

draw rings, and ejector pins; and of load transfer elements subjected to high torque and

contact stresses, such as pinions and gears used in the automotive, aeronautical, and

metal-mechanic industry. These manufactured items must withstand high loads and

operate under severe conditions, leading to the wear, corrosion, and deterioration of the

steel in relatively short times. To reduce wear and increase the hardness of this type of

steel, a TiAlN coating was developed, varying the power of the Al target to improve its

mechanical and tribological properties. The microstructure, and chemical and phase

composition, were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XDR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning and

transmission electron microscopy (SEM / TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

(EDX) and photoelectronic X-ray spectroscopy (XPS). Roughness was determined using

atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hardness and Young's modulus were evaluated by Knoop

micro indentation measurements. Finally, tribological properties were evaluated using the

ball-on-disk test method. It was found that, initially, hardness increases, and wear

coefficient decreases with the increase in the Al / Ti ratio (i.e., the increase in the

aluminum content), going from 9.7 to 17.2 GPa and from 2.7x10-6 to 1.7x10-6 mm3 / N.m,

respectively. Likewise, an improvement was observed in the resistance to cracking and

plastic deformation of the coatings. However, above an Al / Ti ratio of 0.83 the hardness

drops to 15.4 GPa and the wear coefficient increases to 6.5x10-6 mm3 / N.m, due to the

precipitation of the hexagonal AlN phase, which exhibits lower mechanical and tribological

properties than TiN and TiAlN. All coated samples exhibited higher hardness and wear

resistance than uncoated AISI 4140 steel.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 85

PP-06

Role of Kinetic Alfven Waves and Associated Turbulence

Generation in the Magnetotail Reconnection Region

Neha Pathak 1,*, S. C. Sharma 1, R.P. Sharma 1

1 Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India

2 Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India


Abstract

Turbulence plays a crucial role in space plasmas. There are lots of observation of

kinetic Alfven waves in the framework of turbulence and magnetic reconnection. The

present study is concerned with the role of ion scale localized structures in particle

acceleration in magnetotail reconnection sites. Here, we have derived the field evolution

equations of kinetic Alfven waves, taking into account the density modification and

magnetic field fluctuations. Moreover, numerical techniques and analytical model are used

to solve dynamical equations for magnetopause parameters. The main emphasis of the

present study is on the development of ion scale structures having the important role in

turbulence and energetic particle generation at reconnection sites.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 86

PP-07

Influence of Nitrogen Flow Variation on the Structural,

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialvn Coatings

Deposited by Dc Magnetron Sputtering

Francisco Giraldo 1,*, Gilberto Bejarano 1, Jhon J. Olaya 2

1 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales –CIDEMAT-, Universidad de

Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 N° 52-21, Medellín, Colombia

2 Engineering Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Colombia


Abstract

Titanium alloys such as Ti6Al4V are commonly used for the manufacture of

orthopedic and dental implants due to its high corrosion resistance, biocompatible

character, and low modulus of elasticity. However, its low hardness and resistance to wear

leads to a short life of the parts made of this alloy when it is subjected to friction conditions,

such is the case of joint implants. An alternative is plasma nitriding, which by diffusion of

nitrogen on the surface of the substrate forms different phases of titanium nitride,

increasing its hardness and resistance to wear. However, this surface treatment takes

place at temperatures higher than 650C and negatively influences the microstructure and

properties of the substrate. Additionally, it can generate deformations in the parts and

implants to be nitrided. The purpose of this research work was to deposit a nitride coating

of the same titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) to obtain a substrate surface with similar chemical,

microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties to that exhibited by the nitrided

titanium alloy substrate, and thus replace the thermochemical plasma nitriding treatment.

In this research, TiAlVN coatings were deposited on Ti6Al4V alloy substrates using an Ar

/ N2 mixture and varying the nitrogen gas flow to study its influence on the microstructure,

chemical and phase composition and on the mechanical and tribological properties of the

coated samples. The observations made by SEM and AFM showed a columnar growth of

the coatings that became denser with the increase of the N2 gas flow together with a

reduction of the roughness and the grain size. Microstructural measurements carried out

by TEM and XRD evidenced the formation of α-Ti and -Ti, as well as of the TiN phase with

FCC structure, very similar to those obtained by other researchers in plasma nitrided

titanium alloys. There is no evidence of the formation of phases such as VN, AlN. The

hardness of the Ti6Al4V coated samples increased from 4 GPa to 19.5 GPa with the

incorporation of nitrogen into the TiAlVN coating and the wear rate decreased by an order

of magnitude. All coatings showed greater hardness and wear resistance compared to

uncoated titanium alloy. These results suggest that the developed TiAlVN coatings exhibit

great potential for possible applications in the biomedical field, particularly for the coating

of orthopedic and dental implants, among others.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 87

PP-08

The effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on the

electrostatic properties of corona charged nonwoven filter media

M. F. Bekkara 1, 2, L. Dascalescu 1, T. Zeghloul 1, Y. Benmimoun 2, A. Tilmatine 3,

M. B Neagoe 1

1 Institut PPRIME, UPR 3346, CNRS - Université de Poitiers - ENSMA, IUT d’Angoulême, 4 Avenue

de Varsovie, 16021 Angoulême, France

2 LSTE Laboratory, Mustapha Stambouli University, Mascara, BP 305, 29000, Algeria

3 APELEC Laboratory, Djilalli Liabes University, Sidi Bel Abbes, 22000, Algeria


Abstract

Fibrous polymeric filter media are increasingly used for filtration and air pollution

control. The performance of these filters is very high when they are electrically charged by

corona effect because they can attract and capture submicron particles efficiently. The aim

of this work is to verify whether the surface treatment of the filter media with a dielectric

barrier discharge DBD plasma can improve the filter’s ability to be electrically charged by

corona. Thus, DBD parameters such as voltage level, frequency of excitation signal and

duration of exposure to DBD were studied. Samples of filter media were charged by corona

before and after DBD treatment; then, a measurement of the filter surface electrical

potential was carried out using an electrostatic probe. The results showed that the DBD

surface treatment of the filter media before corona charging strongly improves the filter

electrostatic properties, provided that a certain threshold of plasma energy is not exceeded.

Corona current density study and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the

filter showed that the improvement was due to the elimination of the back-corona

discharge phenomenon by an increase in the wettability of the filter media.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 88

PP-09

A Study on Sagdeev Pseudo Potential and Electrostatic Potential

of Solitons in Four Component magnetized Dusty Plasma.

Mythili Kailas 1, Pavithra T 1, K. Raghavi 1, L. Kavitha 1

1 Department of physics, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, central university of Tamil Nadu,

Thiruvarur 610101, India


Abstract

The Nonlinear dynamics and its wide range of applications in laboratory plasma and

space plasma has increased the curiosity of Researchers. In short span of time, solitons

have become the major interest of Physicists. We investigate the nonlinear profile of

plasmonic solitons with four components consisting of hot electrons, cold electrons, hot

ions and hot protons. In this framework, a couple of equations of motion is derived by

invoking Reductive Perturbation Technique and the resultant m-KdV is solved by Sine

Cosine Method. Here, we analyze the effect of Sagdeev Pseudo Potential and its variation

with different system parameters and the characterstics of solitons are found. Further, the

relation between electrostatic potential and Sagdeev Pseudo Potential is elucidated with

Mach Number.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 89

PP-10

Thin film solar cells materials modification by ion irradiation in

inductively coupled plasma reactor

Krunoslav Juraić 1, Mario Bohač 1, Nikša Krstulović 2, Davor Gracin 1

1 Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

2 Institute of physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia


Abstract

Thin films of metal oxides such as TiO2, ZnO and SnO2 have application in

photovoltaic devices (solar cells) because of very good optical and electrical properties. They

are transparent in the visible part of the spectrum and have improved electrical

conductivity if they are doped. For example, ZnO:Al and SnO2:F (transparent conductive

oxides) are widely used as front electrode in thin-film solar cells, for example, amorphous

silicon solar cells. Nanostructured TiO2 thin films are used as a hole transport layer in new

generation solar cells: dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells.

Structural, optical and electrical properties of metal oxide thin films can be

improved by various postdeposition treatment such as thermal treatment, chemical and

physical etching. In this work, we will present results of metal oxides thin films

modification by irradiation with ions produced in inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactor

and additionally accelerated by the DC bias voltage.

Series of nanostructured TiO2, ZnO and SnO2 thin film samples prepared by

magnetron sputtering will be irradiated by various ions (H,He, Ar,…) produced by RF

discharge in ICP reactor and accelerated with bias voltage in a wide range. Obtained

structural, optical and electrical modifications will be characterized by scanning-electron

microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS spectroscopy

(transmittance and reflectance) and electrical conductivity measurements.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 90

PP-11

Large amplitude ion acoustic Solitary waves in multicomponent

warm ion quantum plasma with degenerate electrons

Kishan Kumar 1, M. K. Mishra1,

1 Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur -302004, India


Abstract

A multicomponent degenerate quantum plasma comprising of non-degenerate

warm light nuclei, stationary heavy nuclei and relativistically degenerate electrons is

considered to study the large amplitude ion acoustic solitary waves (IASWs). The Sagdeev’s

pseudo-potential approach has been adopted for existence of large amplitude IASs and the

Mach number domain ( ) Ml M Mh is determined numerically in term of various plasma

parameters. Here the upper limit of Mach number is found at M 1. It is seen that only

compressive (positive pulse) solitary waves can propagate in present plasma system. The

effect of different plasma parameters such as electron to ion number density ( e ),

degenerate electron density ( k ), relativistic factor ( ), temperature ratio ( ) and Mach

number ( M ) on the basic property of solitary wave are also determined. The corresponding

phase trajectory is also drawn in the existing domain. Our result may be helpful to

understand the basic characteristic of nonlinear solitary waves propagating in

astrophysical object such as white dwarfs and neutrons stars.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 91

PP-12

Effects of transverse electric and magnetic fields on THz

generation by laser filaments in the collisional plasma

Sandeep Kumar 1

1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T. Road, Phagwara 144411, Punjab,

India


Abstract

We proposed a novel scheme of terahertz (THz) generation from laser filaments in

collisional plasma in the presence of static electric and magnetic fields. The static electric

and magnetic fields are applied perpendicular to each other as well as to the direction of

propagation of lasers. The generation of THz waves is due to the coupling between various

nonlinear terms like nonlinear velocity and density of plasma electrons. This nonlinear

coupling also results in the enhancement of nonlinear current density which further leads

to the enhanced resonant THz waves. The applied external magnetic and electric fields also

provides enhancement in the transverse components of nonlinear current.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 92

PP-13

Rotational properties of annulus dusty plasma in a strong

magnetic field

Mangilal Choudhary 1, *, Roman Bergert 2, Sandra Moritz 2, Slobodan Mitic 2,

Markus H. Thoma 2

1 Institute of Advanced Research, The University for Innovation, Koba, Gandhinagar, 382426,

India

2 I.Physikalisches Institut, Justus–Liebig Universita¨t Giessen, Henrich–Buff–Ring 16, D 35392

Giessen.


Abstract

The collective dynamics of an annulus dusty plasma formed between a co-centric

conducting (non-conducting) disk and ring configuration is studied in a strongly

magnetized radio-frequency (rf) discharge. A superconducting electromagnet is used to

introduce a homogeneous magnetic field to the dusty plasma medium. In absence of the

magnetic field, the dust grains exhibit thermal motion around their equilibrium position.

The dust grains start to rotate in anticlockwise direction with increasing magnetic field (B

> 0.02 T), and the constant value of the angular frequency at various strengths of the

magnetic field confirms the rigid body rotation. The angular frequency of dust grains

linearly increases up to a threshold magnetic field (B > 0.6 T) and after that its value

remains nearly constant in a certain range of magnetic field. Further increase in magnetic

field (B > 1 T) lowers the angular frequency. Low value of the angular frequency is expected

by reducing the width of the annulus dusty plasma or the input rf power. The azimuthal

ion drag force due to the magnetic field is assumed to be the energy source which drives

the rotational motion. The resultant radial electric field in the presence of a magnetic field

determines the direction of rotation. The variation of floating (plasma) potential across the

annular region at given magnetic field explains the rotational properties of the annulus

dusty plasma in the presence of a magnetic field.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 93

PP-14

Effect of plasma bubbling on textural and engineering properties

of Ready-To-Eat pearl millet flakes and puffs

R. Lokeswari 1, R. Mahendran 1, *


Thanjavur.


Abstract

Ready-to-eat millet grain flakes and puffs are gaining importance in the modern era

because of their nutritional and health benefits. In the current work, air plasma has been

generated and bubbled into pearl millet during soaking followed by analysing its flaking

and puffing characteristics. The voltage of 180, 200, and 220 V with airflow rates of 10

and 12 lph for 1 and 2 h was used to treat pearl millet samples. An increment in

conductivity, total soluble solids, and reduction in pH of the soaked medium was observed

with the bubbling of plasma. The plasma exposure exhibited an improvement in the pearl

millet’s flaking and puffing properties. The significant changes (P < 0.05) in moisture

content, expansion volume, bulk density, color, crispiness, and hardness were observed

in flaked and puffed samples. An increase in expansion ratio of pearl millet flakes and

puffs from 4.2 to 8.30 and 4.9 to 9.5, decrease in bulk density of flakes and puffs from

0.36 to 0.11 kg/m3 and 0.14 to 0.06 kg/m3 respectively was noticed with the plasma

bubbling. The textural properties like the crispiness of the flakes and puffs elevated, and

hardness was reduced with the given treatments. The decrement in yellowness index and

increase in whiteness index was observed in both flaked and puffed samples with the rise

in exposure time. The synergistic effect of plasma reactive species in combination with

hydration aids in improving grain properties and helps in diversifying the utilization of

millet grains.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 94

PP-15

HASS Study for Stationary Formations in a Four Component

Dense Magnetoplasma with Lateral Perturbations

Souradeep Thakur 1,*, Chinmay Das 2,4, Swarniv Chandra 3,4

1 Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, 100007.

2 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, India, 733121.

3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, India, 733121

4 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India, 700032.


Abstract

For this theoretical study, we considered a dense plasma containing electrons,

positrons, ions and dust particles in a background magnetic field. We also introduced a

stationary gravitational field alongside collisional effects for the heavier species (ions and

dust particles). Such plasmas are found in magnetars, black hole accretion disks, etc. The

quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model was used to construct the governing equations of

the plasma. The relativistic degeneracy pressure is the equation of state for the electrons

and positrons. This is somewhat of a standard consideration for such dense plasmas under

consideration. Effects due to the exchange correlation potential were considered for the

electrons and positrons. We employed the reductive perturbation technique (RPT) to obtain

the Zakharov–Kuznetsov (ZK) equation describing stationary structures in a three

dimensional ion acoustic wave with minimal lateral perturbations. The solutions are

plotted against various plasma parameters including the quantum degeneracy parameter,

the relativistic degeneracy parameter, magnetic field strength, gravitational acceleration,

and exchange correlation parameters. The results thus obtained can potentially explain

certain phenomena observed in astrophysical systems. As for laboratory plasmas, our

findings (in a low gravity regime) can potentially interpret several observations in laser-

plasma interactions as well as plasma semiconductors. Our newly developed symbolic

simulation technique (HASS) sheds light on the gradual evolution of stationary formations

in the system.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 95

PP-16

Electron Acoustic Peregrine Breathers in a Quantum Plasma with

One Dimensional Temperature Anisotropy

Payel Ghosh 1*, Arnab Das 1, Chinmay Das 2, Swarniv Chandra 3,4*

1 University of Calcutta, West Bengal- 700073

2 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal-

733121, India

3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal-

733121, India

4 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India -700032


Abstract

In the work we study the formation of electron acoustic KdV solitons and its gradual

nonlinear evolution into a peregrene soliton in a dense plasma at finite temperature with

quanum effects. The plasma is such that there is anisotropy along the direction of wave

propagation. Such an anisotropy is due to the initial disturbance incorporated in the

system. We made use of the finite temperature fluid model equations presented by Eliasson

and Shukla and carry out a reductive perturbation analysis for the stationary structures.

Finally we study the dynamical properties of the system as well as the bifurcation analysis

and obtain the chaotic nature of the system. The theoretical study will help in predicting

possible characteristics in laser plasma interaction and beam plasma experiments.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 96

PP-17

Formation of Nonlinear Stationary Structures in Ionospheric

Plasma

Gobinda Manna1#, Suman Dey1, Amrita Gupta1, Jyotirmoy Goswami2, Jit Sarkar2,

Swarniv Chandra2,3,4*

1 Department of Physics, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India,

731235;

2 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India, 700032;

3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur,

India, 733121

4 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India 700032


Abstract

In this work we consider weakly relativistic degenerate plasma in the planetary

ionosphere and studied the formation and nature of solitary structure, electrostatic double

layers (DLs) etc. As we considered weak relativistic degeneracy, only electrons get

accelerated and are the key to the stationary structures. We implemented Sagdeev’s

pseudopotential method, Standard Gardner equation and accordingly identified regimes

where solitary formation and DLs may be observed. We studied the parametric influences

on solitons and DLs. Further we studied oscillatory Rossby solitons in ionospheric plasma.

The results might be helpful in the interpretation of many high energy atmospheric

phenomena observed in ionospheric plasma.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 97

PP-18

Two Stream Instability and Particle Escape in the Venusian

Ionosphere

Suman Dey 1,3, Saptarshi Ghosh 2, Debjit Maity 1, Swarniv Chandra 4, *

1 Department of Physics, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India,

731235.

2 Department of Physics, Narasinha Dutt College, Howrah, West Bengal, India, 711101;


India, 733121.

4 Insitute of Natural Science and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032


Abstract

In this work we try to design a theoretical model for the Venus atmosphere where

the two-stream instability leads to momentum transfer and amounts to subsequent escape

of Hydrogen and Oxygen ions from the ionosphere. We employ the quantum hydrodynamic

model and obtain the linear dispersion relation for which the two-stream is studied.

Further the interaction of solar wind with the Venus atmosphere has been studied with

the data from ASPERA-4 of Venus Express (VEX). The data supporting the fact that two-

stream instability provides sufficient energy to accelerate ions to get rid of the Venus

gravity so that the ions can leave the atmosphere of Venus.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 98

PP-19

Plasma Shock Wave in Gamma Ray Bursts; Nonlinear Phenomena

and Radiative Process

Swastik Ballav 1,3, Ansuman Das 1, Sourav Singha 1, Swarniv Chandra 2,*

1 Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal-721302, India

2 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi,

West Bengal-733121, India

3 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India, 700032.


Abstract

Since Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are related to extreme explosions in the universe,

it provides a unique setup to study various space plasma phenomena. The GRB spectra

supplies with wide range of information regarding the various nonlinear interactions and

associated structures. In this work we study the generation of shock fronts and its

properties in a plasma. Such a plasma shock is the aftereffect of an explosion of which the

prompt emission of GRBs are the signatures. The shock fronts are studied analytically by

deriving the KdV-Burger’s equation. The solution of KdV-Burgers equation via the ‘Cole-

Hoff transformation’ is studied alongside the usual ‘hyperbolic-tangent method’. The

dynamical properties of the shock solitons are studied further to second our findings and

find the stability and any possibility of chaos. The results will help to interpret the stellar

plasma properties from data.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 99

PP-20

Homotopy Study of Spherical Ion-Acoustic Waves in Relativistic

Degenerate Galactic Plasma

Soumya Sarkar 1, Anuradha Sett 2, Suman Pramanick 3, Tamal Ghosh 4,

Swarniv Chandra 5,*, Chinmay Das 5,*

1 National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, 575025

2 University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700073

3 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302

4 Visva-Bharati University, Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India, 731235;

5 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India, 733121.

# Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032


Abstract

In this work, we start with the ion-acoustic waves in stellar plasma with degenerate

matter. We use the reductive perturbation technique to derive the Spherical Kadomtsev-

Petviashvili (SKP) equation. We next employ Homotopy Aided Symbolic Simulation (HASS)

to study the evolution of the spherical solitary wavefront. We compare the results obtained

by HPM and RPT. To understand how the system behaves we transform the evolutionary

equations into dynamical system. The phase portraits and the super periodic waves reflect

on the intricate processes within the plasma and determine the stability criteria and

possible situations of chaos. The work will find applications in many astrophysical

observations like electrostatic wave modes, gamma-ray bursts, double layers, solitons etc.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 100

PP-21

Ion Acoustic Double Layers and Solitons in a Dense Plasma

Around critical regime

Indranil Maiti 1,*, Jyotirmoy Goswami 2, Swarniv Chandra 3, *, Shreyasi Mukherjee 1,

Kuntal Samanta3

1 Visva Bharati University, Bolpur,Santiniketan, West Bengal, India, 731235;

2 Jadavpur University, Kolkata,West Bengal, India,700032.

3 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India,

733121.

* Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032


Abstract

-By employing both perturbative and non-perturbative technique we study the small

as well as large amplitude stationary formations of ion acoustic waves in a plasma

containing relativistically degenerate electrons. We derive the expressions for double layers

and solitons following the Sagdeev’s pseudopotential approach. Such a stationary

structure becomes interesting around the critical density. To study the nonlinear

formations around the critical region we obtained the modified Korteweg de-Vries (KdV)

equation and analyzed its parametric dependence. These findings will help in laser plasma

interactions regarding the relaxation time and the energy context. Short pulse lasers and

its applicability in various plasma applications may be predicted on these findings.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 101

PP-22

Multistability Studies on Electron-Acoustic Wave in a Magnetized

Plasma with Supra-thermal Ions

Rupanjan Banerjee 1,*, Jit Sarkar 2, Soureen Zaman 3, Lakshita Bageja 3,

Swarniv Chandra 4,5

1, Rajabazar Science College, Calcutta University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700009

2 Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032

3 Sri Venkateswara College, Delhi University, New Delhi, Delhi, India, 110021

4 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, India, 733121.

5 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata,700032


Abstract

The propagation of electron acoustic solitary waves is investigated in magnetized

two temperature electron plasma with supra-thermal ions. By using reductive perturbation

technique the Korteweg de-Vries (KdV) equation is derived. Later solving this equation, a

solitary wave solution has been obtained. These are mainly in astrophysical plasmas where

changes of local charge density temperature and energy of particles produce considerable

effects on the plasma system. The effects of supra-thermality, density, and Mach

number on solitary structures are studied in detail. The results show that the supra-

thermal index (κ) and ion to electron temperature ratio (σ) alters the regime where

solitary waves may exist. To obtain the different parametric regimes corresponding to

soliton stability and situations leading to chaos, we carry out this dynamical system and

bifurcation analysis.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 102

PP-23

Rogue Wave Generation through Non-Linear Self Interaction of

Electrostatic Waves in Dense Plasma

Ankur Dey 1,*, Trisita Das 1, Surajit Mandal 1, Swarniv Chandra 2,*

1 Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032,

1,2 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India,

733121.

* Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032


Abstract

In this work we start with the quantum hydrodynamic model equations for two

temperature populated electrons in a dense plasma with quantum effects. We obtain the

KdV equation for electron acoustic mode. Assuming the generated EAW mode interacts

nonlinearly with itself a rogue wave type envelop soliton is produced which is described by

the non-linear Schrodinger equation. To study the stability criteria we transform the KdV

and NLS equations into its dynamical system counterparts and analyse the phase portraits

and carry out the bifurcation analysis. The possibility of hyperchaos is discussed with

reference to rogue waves. The finding will be helpful in laser plasma interactions,

microelectronics as well as beam plasma physics and fusion technology.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 103

PP-24

Transverse fluctuations and their effects on the stable

functioning of semiconductor devices

Biswasaran Panda 1, Anusree Sen 1, Sweta Mallick 1, Chinmay Das 2

Swarniv Chandra 2, *

1 St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata. West-Bengal 700073, India

2 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India,

733121.

* Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032

* Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract

In order to obtain stable operation of semiconductor devices, every measure to

counter the nonlinear effects and associated breakdown needs to be taken care of. To

neutralize these effects, external stability factors are to be employed. The intrinsic

nonlinearity in a semiconductor plasma results in the generation of solitary waves.

Considering the current propagating along the semiconductor, and some lateral

perturbations arising out of the finite boundary, a KdV Burgers soliton is obtained, and its

features are studied with influences of various parameters. Now, by controlling these

parameters, the KdV-B soliton can be regulated, resulting in the stable operation of the

semiconductor device.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 104

PP-25

Evolution of Envelop Soliton and associated Instability During

Intense Laser Plasma Interaction: Homotopy Analysis

Ahona Majumdar 1, Ritwik Ghosal 1, Chinmay Das 2,4, Swarniv Chandra 3,4,5


2 Dept of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, WB, India, 733121

3 Dept of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India, 733121

4 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032

5 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032


Abstract

In this theoretical study we investigate the amplitude modulation and formation of

envelop soliton in a quantum plasma with relativistic degeneracy pressure expressions as

it interacts with a strong laser beam. We have made use of homotopy perturbation

technique to find out the modulation instability of an electrostatic wave with different types

of nonlinearity. We identified the range of wave number in which such nonlinearity is

important. Further we have analyzed the formation of envelop soliton of waves localized in

space. The importance of the relativistic contribution of streaming particles is discussed

alongside the parametric influences experienced by the plasma particles. Along with these

some associated instabilities have been studied. The results obtained here will be helpful

in interpreting different phenomena that arises in laser plasma interaction.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 105

PP-26

Resonant Interactions Between the Fundamental and Higher

Harmonics of Nonlinear Surface Waves in Degenerate Plasma

Amit Ghosh 1,*, Jyotirmoy Goswami 2, Hema Chhibber 3, Yash Arya 4,



2 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India 700032

3 Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar- 143005, India

4 Department of Physics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007


India 733121



Abstract

By using quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model with appropriate boundary

conditions Nonlinear self-interaction of an electrostatic surface wave on a otherwise

homogeneous semi-bounded plasma with degeneracy effects is investigated. It has been

found that a part of the second harmonic generated through self-interaction does not have

a true surface wave feature but propagates obliquely away from the plasma-vacuum

interface into the bulk of the plasma. Such a situation is obtained in laser plasma

interation during surface etching, plasma processing etc. In this paper, we study the

harmonics generation phenomenon and its conversation rate when an intense laser is

incident on an unmagnetized plasma. The dense plasma displays quantum diffraction

effects and other quantum statistical effects. We made use of perturbative analysis for the

field quantities. The findings will help workers dealing with laser plasma interaction so as

to enhance the tendency of harmonic generation and energy localizations.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 106

PP-27

Magnetosonic shocks and solitons in Fermi plasma with

quasiperiodic perturbation

Sharry 1,*, Debiposad Dutta 2, Mrittika Ghosh 3, Swarniv Chandra 4,5,*

1 Dept of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, 143005

2 Dept of Physics, Vidyasagar University Rd, Rangamati, Midnapore, West Bengal, India 721102

3 Dept of Physics, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, India,700131


5 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India 700032


Abstract

Magnetosonic shocks and solitons are studied in Fermi plasma with degeneracy

pressure. Using reductive perturbation method (RPM) we derived the KDV-Burgers

equation and studied the properties of shocks and solitons. We further extended the work

to non-linear self-interaction and the formation of rogue waves corresponding to extreme

energy which are studied by nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). Additionally, we

analyzed the multidimensional solitons and their stability by the Hamiltonian

transformation. Variational estimates were made for the NLS equation. Quasi-periodic

perturbations are studied with reference to the dynamical systems (DS) corresponding to

the non-linear evolutionary equations. The work will find application in semiconductor

plasma as well as stellar plasma with sufficient amount of viscous drag.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 107

PP-28

Bifurcaion Analysis of Electron Acoustic Waves in Degenerate

Astrophysical Plasma: Chaos and Multistability

Debapriya Nandi 1,2,*, Dayita Bhattacharjee 2, Jit Sarkar 3, Chinmay Das 3,4,


1 Modern Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hoogly, India.


3 Dept of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, 700032

4 Dept of mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India,

733121



Abstract

Bifurcation Analysis and Dynamical system studies were carried out to find out the

stability regime and chaotic scenario in electron-acoustic waves in relativistic degenerate

plasma. We employ the quantum hydrodynamic odel and obtain the Korteweg-de Vries

equation describing the nature and characteristics of solitary structures. We study the

amplitude modulated envelop soliton formed due to external perturbations by analyzing

the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. To stud the stability factors and the parametric range

for such stability we carry out dynamical system study and bifurcation analysis. This work

will find application in theoretically predicting the stable modes in many solar plasma and

stellar plasma applications.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 108

PP-29

Forced-KdV Solitary Structure and its Evolution into Envelope

Solitons in a magnetised plasma containing degenerate electrons

and Kappa distributed ions

J Sarkar 1, A Dey 2, C Das 1,3, A Marick 1, V Raj 4, S Chandra 1,5,6


2 Department of Physics, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, India, 700017

3 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin

Dinajpur, 733121

4 Department of Physics, Reva University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064


India 733121



Abstract

In this paper, we have studied the electron acoustic waves in a magnetised plasma

containing Kappa distributed ions which are streaming with high velocity within the

plasma and under the action of external force. We employed homotopy perturbation

method (HPM) to obtain the graphical plots of solitary structures and its evolution into an

envelop soliton. Analytically, We obtained the linear dispersion relation and studied its

characteristics. Further, we derived the KdV equation using the reductive perturbation

technique and studied the parametric dependence on the KdV solitary profile. These

findings augment the homotopy results. The analytical and simulation results thus

obtained will be helpful in interpretation and identifying EAW modes in such a plasma

system.

*****************




ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 109

PP-30

Non-linear Wave-Wave Interaction in Semiconductor Device

Jyotirmoy Goswami 1,*, Jit Sarkar 1, Chinmay Das 1,2, Swarniv Chandra 1,3,4,*


2 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin

Dinajpur, India 733121


India 733121



Abstract

A semiconductor device with heavy doping under consideration is kept in forward

biased condition. There are oppositely propagating electron and hole currents. These two

streams interact among themselves and the resulting instability causes recombination

which supplies additional energy to the system. Such thermal energy creates statistically

distinguished cold and warm electrons. The warm electrons providing the restoring force

and the cold electron supplying the necessary inertia creates a low frequency electron

acoustic mode which in turn collides with the oppositely propagating hole plasma waves.

The two waves interact non-linearly and a subsequent phase shift is created. In terms of

the signal transmission and operation of the device such a theoretical study have

important attributes.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 110

PP-31

Semi Lagrangian Method to study nonlinear electrostatic waves

in quantum plasma through Vlasov equation

Chinmay Das1,2 , Swarniv Chandra1,3,4 and Basdev Ghosh1,4

1 Dept of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, 700032

2 Dept of mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India,

733121;

3 Dept of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India,

733121;



Abstract

In this work we used the semi Lagrangian method and the Vlasov code to study the

instabilities in a quantum plasma with one dimesional temperature anisotropy. Taking the

Fermi Dirac type of distribution function and using the code we studied the gradual

evolution of density and electric field in a degenerate plasma with quantum diffraction

effects. In this collisionless plasma adiabatic compression will be along the direction of

wave propagation and will lead to such temperature anisotropy of the electron distribution

that varies with the wave motion. The findings will find application for dense plasma at

finite temperature as in laser produced plasmas, fusion plasma as well as solar plasma.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 111

PP-32

Chirped laser beat wave electron acceleration in vacuum

Kavish Middha 1, Vishal Thakur 1, Niti Kant 1, Jyoti Rajput 1,*

1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T. Road, Phagwara 144411, Punjab,

India.


Abstract

Electron acceleration scheme due to the beating of two linearly polarized lasers of

finite spot size at an arbitrary angle in a vacuum has been investigated. The interference

at certain angles due to these lasers with slightly different frequencies interacting at any

arbitrary angle has been studied. Due to the constructive interference between these

lasers, their resultant electric and magnetic field points out in a particular direction, where

the electron is injected for effective trapping and noticeable acceleration has been observed.

Along with this, a periodic frequency chirp plays a crucial role in the improved acceleration

of electron. In this way, electron energy is enhanced more conveniently.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 112

PP-33

Design of the time-of-flight low-energy analyzer for Aditya-U

Tokamak

Snehlata Aggarwal 1, Santosh P. Pandya 1, Kumar Ajay 1

1 Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat village, Near Indira Bridge, Gandhinagar – 382 428.


Abstract

The design of the time-of-flight low-energy analyzer (TOFLEA) for Aditya-U Tokamak

is presented. TOFLEA utilizes the Time of Flight technique to detect the low energy charge

exchange (cx) neutrals escaping from magnetized tokamak plasma. The TOFLEA system

contains a chopper disc, a flight tube and a detector housing unit. The neutral flux

escaping the plasma is first mechanically chopped into short bunches by using a slotted

rotating chopper disc and then, after traversing a sufficiently long flight path through a

flight tube, it is incident on secondary emission surface and registered by detector. Photons

will overtake the neutrals during their flight time and hence photon signal can be

eliminated from the neutral signal. The Charge-exchange neutral particle flux is estimated

for TOFLEA system for Aditya-U tokamak and it is observed that gating time of few micro-

seconds is sufficient for obtaining detectable signal. A synthetic signal and hence, the

arrival time distribution is estimated, based on the present design of TOFLEA. The

described TOFLEA is proposed for determination of core ion temperature on the Aditya-U

tokamak.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 113

PP-34

Comparative Study of I-V Charactersitics of Plasma-Metal

Junction with the Diodes I-V Characteristics

Sneha Latha Kommuguri 1,*, Perumal M 2, TH Rishikanta Singh 3,

Suraj Kumar Sinha 4

1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry-605014


Abstract

The plasma-material interaction defines the governing mechanisms, plasma

characteristics and operating regime. This Plasma-metal junction can be produced in the

laboratory plasmas using DC glow discharge. The I-V characteristics of the plasma-metal

junction depends on the type of the metal we use for the interactions with the plasma and

different metals have their different properties. On the other side Diodes (PN diode, Zener

diode and Schottky diode with forward bias and reverse bias has extensive applications in

electronic circuits. The most important diode characteristic is its current-voltage (I-V)

relationship and these I-V curves are generally used as a tool to determine and understand

the basic parameters of the device. The mechanism of the current in diode junctions is

usually defined by its energy band diagrams. The I-V characteristics of the Plasma-metal

junction is compared with the I-V characteristics of the diode to know the analogies of both

pm-junction and various diodes. These may explain the relationship of these both

quantatively and qualitatively. This may have the future scope in the plasma technologies

and it may have benefit in semiconductor technology applications.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 114

PP-35

Impact of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on microbial

reduction and physicochemical qualities in coconut inflorescence

sap (Neera)

Latha Sukumaran 1, Mahendran Radhakrishnan 1,*

1 Centre of Excellence in Nonthermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,

Thanjavur


Abstract

Reduction of microbial population is important in neera to preserve the

physicochemical qualities. In this work the impact of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on

the antimicrobial activity and physicochemical qualities of coconut neera was studied. The

sap of 25 ml were exposed into high-voltage plasma at 30, 35, 40 kV for 5, 7.5 and 10 min

respectively. The plasma treated neera stored at 4°C and analyzed for total bacteria, lactic

acid bacteria, Bacillus, yeast and physicochemical qualities with the storage period of 24

h. The treatment of 35 kV at 7.5 min showed the highest log reduction and less impact on

physicochemical properties of neera sample. At the end of the storage (24 h) the log

reduction were 0.45±0.15, 0.05±0.12, 0.47±0.10, 0.47±0.05 for total bacteria, Bacillus,

lactic acid bacteria, yeast. Further, pH of 5.07±0.45, total soluble solid of 15.46±0.58 ̊ Brix,

total acidity and color difference of 1.38±0.06 mg/L, 2.6±0.19 ∆E* were found in treated

sample. Moreover, the increasing voltage and time in this study affected the

physicochemical quality of neera in storage. The voltage of 35 kV at 7.5 min effectively

reduced the microbial population in neera than the 35 kV at 10 min. The reduced microbial

growth affected the natural fermentation and extends the shelf life at 4°C.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 115

PP-36

Estimation of diameter of a rotating gliding arc discharge using

high speed imaging technique

Ananthanarasimhan J 1, Adarsh Raghuram 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1,*

1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012


Abstract

This work investigates the variation of diameter of the plasma arc in a rotating

gliding arc discharge. The gliding arc discharge has varying V-I regimes and the plasma

volume created keeps changing as the arc rotates between the electrodes. These are

affected by the flow dynamics i.e., the Reynolds number and the flow field maintained in

the gliding arc reactor. This necessitates for measuring the physical morphology under

different flow conditions. In this work, the diameter of the discharge when it is near the

shortest and the longest gap is measured using gaussian fit approach. The usage of

gaussian fit approach is also validated using standard calibration procedure. Analysis was

carried out on the images taken using the high-speed camera. This work proposes reliable

method to estimate thickness of a rotating arc, without using any sophisticated

equipment’s such as iCCD camera to capture spatial and temporal emission

characteristics of the discharge. The results shows that the arc diameter is strongly

influenced by the flow conditions such as transitional and turbulent flows used in this

work.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 116

PP-37

Modulational Instability of four elemental dusty plasma networks

K. Raghavi 1, L. Kavitha 1,*

1 School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India -

610005.


Abstract

Dust in plasma is a major hindrance for many scientific activities that occur in

space, fusion, etc… One of the crucial property that makes sense for such hindrance is its

non-linearity. Existence of solitons proves the condition of non-linearity and by enabling

the significance of such solitons, non-linearity can be minimized to an extent. Our own

selves conceptually probed the four elemental dusty plasma network and the four elements

are charge modified (positive and negative) dust fragments, two elements of electrons and

non thermal ions modelled by Boltzmann distributions. The nonlinear reductive

perturbation technique is employed and we derived the Non Linear Schrodinger (NLS)

Equation, which governs the nonlinear dynamics of the plasmic system. Further we invoke

the modulational instability analysis to inspect the stability of plasmic solitons and the

instability / stability regions are highly explored.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 117

PP-38

Instabilities in Quantum Semiconductor Plasma: A Review

Krishna Sharma 1,*, Utpal Deka 2,*

1 Department of Physics, Sikkim Govt Science College Chakung, Sikkim, 737121, India

2 Department of Physics, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University,

Majitar, Sikkim -737136, India


Abstract

The growing demand for nano-sized and efficient semiconductors leading to a

technological revolution in quantum technology has unleashed into the development of

new types of compound semiconductors of nano-scale. However, the physical phenomena

limiting their efficiency requires more study into the charge transportation phenomena.

The study of instabilities like drift instability, modulation instability, etc of the waves

excited in a semiconductor plasma due to various force field configurations with the

inclusion of quantum effects has gained recent attention as the solid state plasma in a

semiconductor satisfies the condition for quantum plasma. The different types of

instabilities, its mechanism and effect in a semiconductor quantum plasma has been

studied in detail and presented in this article. Most of the works that has been carried out

to study the instabilities have used the Quantum Hydrodynamic model. The important

quantum effects that are highlighted in most of the work includes the Bohm potential,

exchange potential, Fermi degenerate pressure in the nano-sized quantum

semiconductors. This review work may be relevant to all who wants to have an insight on

various instabilities in semiconductor quantum plasma.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 118

PP-39

Simulation of electrical characteristics of the dielectric barrier

discharge using SIMULINK: Effect of operating frequency and gas

type

Ram Mohan Pathak 1, Ananthanarasimhan Jayanarasimha 1,

Lakshminarayana Rao 1*

1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore


Abstract

This work investigates the effect of operating frequency and the gas type on electrical

characteristics of a simple coaxial dielectric barrier discharge plasma. An equivalent

electrical circuit representing the dielectric barrier discharge configuration is created using

SIMULINK and the electrical characteristics are simulated. The inter electrode gap was

varied as a parameter for a fixed applied voltage. The electrical characteristics were

obtained for different operating frequencies between 50 Hz and 1 MHz. Two different gases

namely, Argon and Methane, were studied. The discharge voltage, current, Lissajous

pattern, applied discharge power and gas discharge power were determined using

simulations. Simulation results reveal that for a given voltage, on increasing the operating

frequencies of the discharge increases the amplitude of the current.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 119

PP-40

Oxygen-assisted growth of graphene sheet by PECVD process

Neha Gupta 1,*

1 Department of Applied Sciences, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Rohini, Delhi-

110086


Abstract

An analytical model to investigate the effect of oxygen gas addition to the

fluorocarbon/hydrogen gas mixture on the growth characteristics of the graphene sheet

synthesized via PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) process is developed.

The present model accounts the first order differential equations for the kinetics of all the

plasma species, formation of carbon clusters, formation and growth of graphene nuclei,

and growth of vertically oriented graphene. These first order differential equations are

solved simultaneously using typical glow discharge parameters and it is observed that

oxygen gas addition significantly affects the growth characteristics of the graphene sheet

i.e., height and the growth rate of the graphene sheet decreases upon oxygen addition to

the fluorocarbon/hydrogen gas mixture. It is also found that the oxygen addition results

in decrease of the number density of graphene sheets. The results of the present

investigation are in concurrence with the existing experimental observations.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 120

PP-41

Effect of reduced electric field in pin-to-water discharge: A

simulation study

Punith N 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1

1 Center Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore


Abstract

Pin-to-water discharges are prominent arrangements for generation of plasma

activated water. This work investigates the effect of reduced electric field in an atmospheric

pressure pin-to-water discharge under dry/humid conditions. The study is performed

using simulation of entire plasma-chemical kinetics of the species using CHEMICAL

WORKBENCH. About 559 reactions are added in the mechanism which includes all the

electronic and chemical type processes. The study reveals that high electric field will have

most of applied energy lost to the vibrational relaxations. It is also attempted to estimate

the fraction of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species that can be formed by varying the

applied electric field.

*****************



ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 121

PP-42

I-V characteristics of a DC Glow discharge Plasma powered by a

two Voltage sources

Thangjam Rishikanta Singh 1,*, Suraj Kumar Sinha 1

1 Pondicherry University, Pondicherry-605014


Abstract

In this work we present the flow plasma species in a diode dc glow discharge plasma

system powered with two different power supplies. The I-V characteristics plotted for the

voltage applied using these two power supplies for understanding role of charge flow in

exciting instabilities and consequently leading to formation of double layers. The glow

discharge plasma experiment is performed inside a cylindrical vacuum chamber made of

stainless steel (model SS304) with tungsten as anode and stainless steel as cathode. The

first power supply (V1) biased between the cathode and the grounded chamber is used to

ignite the discharge. The dc glow discharge plasma is sustained by application of constant

voltage bias at V1 = 550V. The second power supply (V2) is biased positively to anode with

respect to the grounded chamber. Increasing voltage V2 from 0 V to 200 V in steps and the

variation of current across the two resistors, connected in series with power supplies

respectively, recorded for different pressures.

As we increase the pressure, there occurs frequent collisions between the charged

particles and neutrals that increases the ionization rate, charge exchange and thermal

instability. The number of electrons, which are majority charge carriers is increased and

consequently current value is also increased. This process would really be helpful to

understand the basic mechanism in glow discharge.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 122

PP-43

Magnetized Two-Fluid Spin Quantum Plasmas, A new mode,

stability condition and impurity effect

F. Nooralishahi 1, M.K. Salem 1,*

1 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran,

Iran


Abstract

In this paper, we derive a set of equations of two-fluid plasma (electron-positron)

based on the quantum magnetized hydrodynamic (𝑄𝑀𝐻𝐷) model, which separately

describes electron-positron. We consider electronpositron as two different species of

particles and take a path for discussion which is different from the usual path, and in this

way, we obtain new dispersion equations and new modes. Next, we use the non-spin and

spin plasma separately and analyze the parallel and perpendicular propagation for the

propagation of linear perturbations. Then, we discusse about the stability and instability

of dispersion modes, range of thems and calculated a cut-off wavelengthfor for propagation

of spin waves in the plasma including electron- positron as two separated fluids. Finally,

we study the Fermi polaron problem of one moving positron impurity immersed atop the

bath consisting of electrons in one-dimensional grids. We apply a variational approach

with non-Gaussian states after separating the impurity and the background by the Lee-

Low-Pines transformation and obtain the ground state for a fixed total momentum via

imaginary time evolution for the variational parameters.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 123

PP-44

Investigation of relativistic thermal distribution in the

anisotropic plasmas

F. Nooralishahi 1,*

1 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran,

Iran


Abstract

In this paper, we derive a set of equations of two-fluid plasma (electron-positron)

based on the quantum magnetized hydrodynamic (𝑄𝑀𝐻𝐷) model, which separately

describes electron-positron. We consider electronpositron as two different species of

particles and take a path for discussion which is different from the usual path, and in this

way, we obtain new dispersion equations and new modes. Next, we use the non-spin and

spin plasma separately and analyze the parallel and perpendicular propagation for the

propagation of linear perturbations. Then, we discusse about the stability and instability

of dispersion modes, range of thems and calculated a cut-off wavelengthfor for propagation

of spin waves in the plasma including electron- positron as two separated fluids. Finally,

we study the Fermi polaron problem of one moving positron impurity immersed atop the

bath consisting of electrons in one-dimensional grids. We apply a variational approach

with non-Gaussian states after separating the impurity and the background by the Lee-

Low-Pines transformation and obtain the ground state for a fixed total momentum via

imaginary time evolution for the variational parameters.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 124

PP-45

Turning Dirty Garbage into Clean Environment: A Cokebed Based

Air Plasma Gasification Technology Developed by BARC

S. Bhandari 1*, N. Tiwari 1, Y. Chakravarthy 1, V. Chaturvedi Misra 1, S Ghorui 1

1 Laser & Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India


Abstract

Rapid industrial development and urbanization tremendously enhance the quantity

of solid waste produced as well as lead to reduction of natural energy resources. The need

for an efficient, safe and cost effective technology for waste management becomes highly

essential. Air plasma gasification technology provides a proficient and economical method

to process wide ranges of wastes including municipal, bio medical, industrial, radioactive

and other solid wastes. Due to presence of ions, electrons, radicals, active species and

highly concentrated thermal energy air plasma technology provides superior thermo

chemical environment for gasification of solid waste. A 60 kW triple torch coke bed based

air plasma gasification system has been developed at BARC. The overall process and

experimental results have been presented in this paper. A comprehensive 3D

Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model of the coke bed based air plasma gasification

system has been developed. The temperature and velocity profiles inside the plasma

gasifier have been simulated in 3D computational domain. Conversion efficiency as high

as 99 % is observed for variety type of solid waste including MSW, plastic waste, cellulosic

waste and ion exchange resins. The composition of the flue gas from stack has been

measured and found to be within permissible limits. It was successfully demonstrated that

coke based air plasma gasification is an innovative, cost effective and eco-friendly solid

waste treatment technology.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 125

PP-46

Polypyrrole grafting on oxygen plasma-processed nylon 6 fabric

for gas sensing application

Ashish A. Nimbekar 1,2, Rajendra R. Deshmukh 1,*

1 Department of Physics, Institute of chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India

2 Deccan Education Society’s Kirti College, Dadar (W), Mumbai-400028, India


Abstract

Smart textile or conducting fabric is an innovative material in 21st century. Smart

textiles are really smart as they can sense and respond to the environment. They have

many features such as high strength, light weight, flexibility, durability, etc. along with

their conducting nature. Such conducting fabrics can be synthesized by depositing

conducting material like graphene, CNT, conductive nanoparticles, conducting polymer,

etc. on the surface of non-conducting textiles like polyester, nylon, silk, cotton, etc. by

using various methods. In this work, we have synthesized polypyrrole (PPY) grafted nylon

6 fabrics by in-situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole monomer using FeCl3 as an oxidant

and sodium salt of DBSA as a dopant. For better adhesion and deposition of PPY on nylon

6 fabric, we have treated the surface of nylon 6 fabric with low pressure radio frequency

oxygen plasma prior to PPY grafting. Such nylon 6 based conducting fabrics have been

characterized using ATR-FTIR, XPS, SEM, and sheet resistance measurement. It is seen

that oxygen plasma treatment improves conductivity, uniformity in grafting and also

responsible for strengthening interfacial bonding of PPY on nylon 6 fabric. Ammonia gas

sensing response of these plasma pretreated and PPY grafted nylon 6 fabrics has been

investigated and they showed good sensing response.

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ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 126

PP-47

Adhesion properties of polypropylene fabric treated with

atmospheric pressure plasma and coated with polyurethane:

Effect of ageing

Shital S. Palasakar 1, Ravindra D. Kale 2, Rajendra R. Deshmukh 3*

1 Bombay Textile Research Association, L B S Marg, Ghatkopar (W), Mumbai 400086, India.

2 Department of Fibres and Textile Processing, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh

Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.

3 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga,

Mumbai 400019, India.


Abstract

Polypropylene (PP) tape by tape fabric was modified with atmospheric pressure non

thermal plasma (APNTP) with an aim for improved hydrophilicity and adhesion to

polyurethane (PU) coating. The major drawback of plasma surface modification is “ageing”

of the modified surface with respect to time. In this study polypropylene fabric was

subjected to atmospheric pressure plasma treatment and effect on adhesion properties of

plasma treated and polyurethane (PU) coated fabric was studied with respect to ageing

behaviour up to 4 weeks. Change in adhesion with respect to ageing time was analysed by

statistical significance test ANOVA. Helium plasma treated and coated PP fabrics showed

significant improvement in the adhesion strength compared to untreated samples. Surface

morphological and chemical changes were analysed using scanning electron microscope

and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy respectively. Contact angle measurements were

carried out to analyse changes in surface wettability.

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ICAPST -2021 - Division of Environmental Physics

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Transcript of ICAPST -2021 - Division of Environmental Physics