VN9700002

BAO CAOKH(3l DONG LO PHAN L/NG HAT NHAN DA LAT

1

KHdl DONG VAT LY LO PHAN LfNG HAT NHAN DA LATVCfl CAU HlNH VUNG HOAT KHONG CO BAY NCfTRON

(30/10/1983-1/11/1983)

Pham Duy Hien, Ngo Quang Huy, Vu Hai Long, Tran Khanh Mai

I- TiNH HiNH CHUAN Bj CAC H$ CONG NGHE

1- Lap 16 phan tfng : Lap be chufa nhien lieu tti 10/8 den 30/8 valap vung hoat 16 phan ufng tti 30/8 den 28/10/1983.

2- Ntfdc cat : San xua't nude cat du so IU0ng (khoang 30m3) deri/a thung 16 va he nude v6ng 1, chat \\JQng nude bao dam. Lay be chufanhien lieu lam be chufa nirdc ca't trung gian va su1 dung he th6'ng IQC nudede loc nu'dc 6* be nay.

3- H# ni/dc vong 1 va 2 : L ip xong he nude v6ng 1 va vong 2ngay 29/10. Cdng trlnh s6 7 (thap lam ngu6i) chua lap go xong, nhungkhong anh htfdng de*'n viec khdi d6ng vat ly cua 16 phan ufng. Tuy nhienphia Lien xo yeu c'au chaa cho he nude v6ng 1 chay vi so dudng 6'ng vabinh trao doi nhiet gay ban cho nude trong 16. Toan b6 he ni/dc v6ng 1va vong 2 se cho hoat dpng ngay sau khi khdi d6ng 16.

4- H# thong SUZ va AKNP : Cac phan sau day cua he SUZ vaAKNP hoat dong dUgic

- 6 thanh AZ va KC;- Cac bubng ion hoa Dl va DP;- Cac thiet bj hien hinh BVK-14 va hien so BVX-37 chl thj chu ky

va cong suat trong cac giai Dl va DP, dat mufc bao dpng va SL/ co';- Dap 16 khi su" co theo cac thong tin tC/ cac detecto Dl va DP va

theo cac thong tin tC/ cac he thong phg dong (tu" 3 6ng dem SNM-11 va2 buong ion hoa KNK-56) qua cac loi vao c6n nghe cua sd do logic AZ;

- Dieu khien b&ng tay cac thanh KC va AZ; phan chaa hoat dongcan lull y la chaa dfeu khien dugfc thanh AR.

5- H# thong di#n : Ba di/a dien cao the 6,6 kV vao bien the mdi1000 kVA ngay 21/10/83. He thong dien mdi cua Nha 1 dua vao hoatdong on dinh; dien thi cdng van dung bien the cu 150 kVA.

6- Hf thong gio : He thong gid Nha 1 hoat dong tot, cho chaythifflng xuyen cac he th6i P1, P2, P-3, P5 va cac he hut V2, V5, V6.6ng thai khi cdng trlnh sd' 20 da dung xong ngay 20/10/83.

7- H# do Ifeu phong xg va ifeu ke ca nhan : 0a dat xong 11 daudo gamma va tu he may do tiidng ufng trong phong dieu khien P.128 (8dau do trong Nha 16, 1 dau do ph6ng 128, 1 dau dd phong hut IQC khiP. 127 va 1 dau do nude vdng 2 tai hanh lang kfnh). Chuan bi s i n m£y dolieu gamma xach tay va cac may do beta va anpha tai loi vao ph6ng 16.Chuan bi du but do lieu va b6 do lieu ca nhan LTD va IFKU. Xong heRKS-2 nhang chaa cho lam viec.

8- H# thong KIP : Trong s6 cac he may do kiem tra (KIP)chuan bi xong he thong do nhiet d6 trong thung Id, nhi^t do loi ra binhtrao doi nhiet, ap suat ni/dc vdng 1 va 2, ap sua't cac he thd'ng IQC nu"dc Idva nude be chufa nhi^n lieu, mufc nadc trong thung Id.

9- H# thong thong tin va cufu h6a : ChJa xong he dien thoai noibo va bao hda. Dung he bo dam INTERCOM de lien he hai chieu giGaphdng dfeu khien va mat Id. Su" dgng cac binh cufu hda.

10- H# thu ntfdc phong xa : Sir dgng difdng d'ng K3 da xong dedUa nude nhiem xa xuong chufa trong bd'n binh chufa d tang ham Nha 2khi can thiet.

11- HE THONG PHU OQNG DUNG TRONG KH6l DQNG LO

He thd'ng phg dong phgc vg khdi ddng Id gdm Ccic detecto ndtrondat tai cac kenh ngang so 1, so 2 va so 4 va cac thiet bi ghi do tu"dng Ofng(chl thi cdng suat P va chu ky T, chl thi dem cung nhu1 cung cap cac tinhieu sg" co AZ va canh bao PS). So do ghdp nd'i nhif sau :

- Tai kenh ngang so 1

KNK-56 •->"- BUE2-15- ZPT2-01Dbng hb chl thi P & T

Cac tfn hieu AZ va PS

SNM-11 • PU2-1 : SPU1-1MHe chl thi dem

Cac tfn hieu AZ va PS

- Tai kenh ngang so 2

KNK-56 BUE2-15 ZPT2-01'Dong ho chl thi P & T

Cac tfn hieu AZ va PS

SNM-11 PU2-1 SPU-1MHe chl thj demLoaCac tfn hieu AZ va PS

UIM-2

- Tai kenh ngang so 4

Nguon nuoi 500V He chuyen mach

KNK-56 KSPV-4

SNM-11 ->— PU2-1 ••->—SPU1-1M • ->—He ch( thj dem

Cac tfn hieu PS va AZ

UIM-2

tang

Chu thich : Ky hieu dung trong c&c sd db tren nhu sau :

1. KNK-56 : Bubng ion hoaDp nhay vdi ndtron cham 1.10"12 A/(ndtron/cm2/sec),Dp nhay vdi bufc xa Gamma 1.10"11 A,Dong lam viec danh dinh 250 micro A.

2. BUE2-15 : Tien khuyech dai dong logarit.

3. ZPT2-01 : May do cong suat theo thang logarit va do toe dp

cong suat. Tren mat may co cac dbng h*6 chl thi congsuat P va chu ky ta"ng cong. suat T.

4. SNM-11 : 6ng dem ndtronDp nhay y = 1,2 xung/(notron/cm2),Phong gamma = 1 xung / phut khi D = 1000 R/h

5. PU2-1 : Tien khuyech dai cho 6'ng dem SNM-11.

6. SPU1-1M : May dem ndtronMay co : - Chi thi so dem theo he cd so 2 va dong hb dem cd hoc

(dbng ho noi tiep vdi he dem cd so 2 vdi kha n&ng chpn he so dem K ).- Loi ra cho cac tin hieu canh bao va su" co

PS = (15 den 25)K/y va AZ = (30 den 50)K/y.Cac tin hieu AZ tu" cac thiet bi phu dpng dUdc mlc noi tiep vao he

logic AZ cua he thong SUZ 6 cho gianh cho cac tfn hieu cdng nghe.

7. UIM-2 : May do toe dp dem ndtron, chl thi dbng hb xung/s.

8. KSPV-4 : May tu ghi d6ng t i bubng ion hoa.Thang do dieu chlnh dUdc nhd he chuyen mach.

Vi trf chuyen machDdng do (nano A)

10.2

20.3

30.6

41

52

65

710

820

950

10100

111000

(thang do co 100 vach va gia" tri dbng do la gia tri 6 vach thur 100).

9. Cac kenh ghi ndtron ba"ng 6'ng dem SNM-11 noi vdi may demSPU1-1M dung de do so ndtron N1 (kenh 1),N2 (kenh 2) va N3 (kenh 4).

TO cac so lieu nay ve cac dUdng cong 1/N de ngoai suy khoi lUdng tdihan.

Ngoai ra trong qua trinh nap nhien lieu can theo doi :- May ta ghi KSPV-4 ghi ddng cua buong ion hda KNK-56 cho

biet dd tang cong suat tadng doi.- Cac chf thi cong suat P va chu ky T tren cac may ZPT2-01.- Cac so dem chl thi cdng suat tren cac may UIM-2.- Chi th| cong suat va chu ky theo cac kenh Dl va DP tren man

hinh va bp chl thj so lay tu1 he thong AKNP.

Ill- QUA TRiNH KHdl DQNG VAT LY

1. Dieu ki#n an toan

Day la qua trinh nap nhie'n lieu vao vung hoat de dat trang th&itdi han, trUdng hdp kh6ng c6 b ly ndtron. Thu"c hien theo "Chifdng trlnhkh6i d6ng vat ly 16 phan ufng" [1], co thay doi mot ft thOf tu nap cdc b6nhien lieu (BNL) de thuan tien v'e thao tdc.

Qua trlnh nap nhien li#u bat dau ngay 30/10/1983 vao luc 14h30va dat tdi han luc 19h50 ngay 1/11/1983.

Ngubn ndtron khdi dpng la nguon Californi-252 co cudng dp 5.107

n/s da du"dc dat vao tarn vung hoat, 6 7-6.NgUSng canh bao PS va su* c6' AZ diidc dat nha sau: doi vdi 46

BNL dau thi PS = 25 x 256/y va AZ = 50 x 256/y doi vdi ca 3 he demSPU1-1 ghiN1,N2, N3. TO BNL thuf 50 trfi di cac gia tri ngUdng di/0c chotrong bang sau:

N1N2N3

PS25 x 4096 Ix25x16384/y25 x 4096/y

AZ50 x 4096 / y50 x 16384/y50x4096/y

2. Khoi lifting tdi hgn

Thuf tu va so lUdng nhien lidu nap vao da dapc neu trong [1]. Bexet cu the qua trinh nap nhien lieu ta nh&c lai nguyen tac nap nhienlieu de dat trang thai tdi han Ian dau.

Theo [1], nhien lieu difpc nap theo tting nhdm, trong do 3 nhom d'aumoi nhom 6 BNL. Cac nhom tiep theo dtfdc xac d|nh tC/ thuc nghiem nhasau. Gpi mk la so BNL da0c nap b Ian thuf k daa tren cac dadng congthac nghiem M = Ni (0) / Ni, i=1, 2, 3 ta nhan dadc gia tri ngoai suy tat M= 0 cua khoi ladng tdi han thieu, mk(0). Khi dd theo [1] so ladng BNLnap vao fan thuf k + 1 dapc cho bdi

m(k + 1) = [mk(O) - Tong mk] / 4 (1)

Cong thtfc nay di/a theo quy pham an toan 16 phan ufng cua Lienxo.

Hinh 1 trinh bay sd do nap nhien lieu vung hoat.Bang 1 trinh bay cac ket qua N1, N2, N3 theo thuf tu va so lUdng

BNL dUdc nap vao vung hoat va theo vi trf cac thanh dfeu khien (2 thanhAZ luon rut kh6i vung hoat, vj trf cua 4 thanh KC dUdc ky hieu :

0 = thanh rut kh6i vung hoat,1 = thanh nam hoan toan trong vung hoat).

B6'i vcfi hai may dem xung UIM-2 mac 6" loi ra cua cac may SPU1-1M tu" hai kenh ngang so 2 va so 4, c&c gi& tri sua't dem deu gan trungvdi cac gia tri ghi diidc tCf cac may dem SPU1-1M tUdng ufng. Mot so vidu du"dc neu ra, trong ngoac ( ), 6 Bang 1 cho cac fan nap nhien lieu tu"thuf 9 de thuf 12.

Tr§n Bang 1 c6n trinh bay cdc gi£ tri. cfing su^t cua 16 nhan difdctren man h)nh BVK-14 doi vcfi cac bu'dng ion h6a DM, DI2, DI3, DP1,DP2, DP3 va gia tri d6ng cua cua bubng ion h6a KNK-56 nhan dUdc trenmay \U ghi KSPV-4.

Cac hinh 2 va 3 trinh bay c£c dudng cong Ni (0) / Ni phu thuoc vaoso BNL da nap va cac gid tri ngoai suy cua khoi !i/0ng tdi han.

Trong 3 he dem ndtron phu d6ng, 6'ng dem SNM-11 dat tai kenhthuf nhat xa vung hoat nen ft nhay hdn 66i vdi si/ khong doi xu'ng khinap nhien lieu, do do dtfong cong N1(0) / N1 giam ddn dieu hdn haidudng cong 2 va 3.

Bang 2 trinh bay cac th6ng s6 trong qu^ trinh nap nhien lieu nhtfso BNL nap vao cua m6i nhom, mk, gi^ tri ngoai suy toi thieu cua khoiIU0ng tdi han sau khi nap nh6m thOf k, mk(0), t6ng so cac BNL da nap,va so lUdng BNL c6 the dUdc nap trong nhom thuf k+1, m(k + 1), di/a theocong thufc (1).

TO cac so lieu cua Bang 2 ta thay r&ng s6' laong BNL dUdc napthi/c te Idn hdn 2-3 Ian so vdi so liidng tfnh dUdc theo cong'thufc (1).Can lull y r^ng viec nap nhien lieu nhu vay la khdng th6a man yeu cauv'e an toan 16 phan ufng. Tuy nhien do than trong trong qua trinh napnhien lieu nen da khong xay ra trudng hdp dap 16 vl sii c6.

3. Qua trinh nap nhien li$u

Trong qua trinh nap nhien lieu co cdc giai phdip ky thu^t da difdcth6a thuan la :

10

Hinhl. So* do nap nhien lifu vao vung hoat.

1 .1 , ... ,2.1 ,...

A1 , A2

K1, K2, K3, K4

€'\

ern

Cac 5 1 .1 ,,.. ,2.1 ,•••

Cac bo nhien li§u mang s5 161,174,...

Cac thanh bao vf sir co AZ1 , AZ2

Cac thanh bu trur KC1 , KC2, KC3, KC4

Thanh dieu khien t\x dong AR

Thanh chen Berili

Thanh chen nhom

B*y no'tron

11

Bang 1 - Su1 phu thuoc cua cac thong so khcfi dong 16 vao khoi lu"0ngnhien lieu nap vao vung hoat.

1 - Xem Hinh 1, 2 - Vi tri KC : 0 = rut, 1 = nhung, 3 - thdi gian 1 fan do :phut, giay, 4 - suat dem trung binh cua 3 Ian do, 5 - cong suat cho tren man hinh,6 -dong buong ion hoa tren may tu" ghi.

TT

SoBNL

0

01

...

6

2__.

12

3...

18

4...

245

—306

—367...418

...

46

Vi trinap

1Nguon Cf

7 -66-6 ,8-7 ,

7 - 5, 7-76-7, 8-65-6 ,9-6 ,6-5, 8-88-5, 6-85-5,9-7,7-4, 7-89-5, 5-74-4, 4-54-6, 4-710-4,-510-6,1079-8, 8-96-9, 8-55-4, 6-47-3, 8-49-4. 7-95-3, 6-37-2, 8-39-35-9, 6-107-10, 9-98-10

VtKC

21

01

0

1

0

1

0

10

10

10

10

10

Tgdoph

35

51401

401

401

401

401

4011

11

11

11

11

SuatN1

18

1928

32

38

43

46

54

5770

6786

94125

131193

142220

dem,N2

453

5789

99

126

143

154

182

209255

233300

315433

424629

458720

xung/sN3

50

5485

95

122

135

164

186

181215

256324

294401

318450

445694

CongDM

/ Gia tri

1.3E-5

2.5E-5

3.2E-5

4.0E-5

5.0E-5

5.0E-5

6. 3E-57. 9E-5

7.9E-51.0E-4

1.0E-41.0E-4

1.0E-41.6E-4

1.6E-4<2.5E-4

suat, %N,DI2 DI3

5Ni (0)/ ~

3E-6 5E-6

6E-6 1E-5

1E-5 1E-5

8E-6 2E-5

8E-6 2E-5

1E-5 2E-5

2E-5 2E-52E-5 3E-5

2E-5 3E-53E-5 5E-5

3E-5 4E-53E-5 5E-5

3E-5 6E-55E-5 1E-4

IE-5 6E-56E-5 1E-4

KSPV4nA

6

0.051

0.053

0.054

0.055

0.056

0.057

0.0560.057

0.0580.060

0.0620.064

0.0620.064

0.0680.066

12

9. . .

50

10---54

11. . .

58

12. . .

61

13. . .6414...

66

15...

68

16. . .

69

17. . .

69

3-3,3-4,3-6,3-711-3,11-4,11-6,11-72-4,2-5,12-5,4-2

3-2,10-2,3-8

11-2, 1-810-9

4 - 9

5- 10

5-2 ,9 -2Rut

vavava

9 - 10

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

10

1cac

0

1cac

KC1KC2KC3KC4

1BNL dtfOc

Rutvava

Thanh6 7-1

TOl

KC1KC2KC3Bel

HAN

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

11

1BNL

1

1BNL

1111

1dtfa

1111

154

265

182

364

214

513

256

796

2941246

3466U0c

1917

3686\J0c48273414464654

385

577(570)1027

(1050649(640)1276

(1300)839

(820)2058

(2050)1018

(1000)3203

(3000)11144688

1200dtfa7259

1377

498(480)

850> (800)

594(580)1161

(1050)686

(640)1627

(1400)767

(720)2338

(1800)950

3942

1064

2.0E-4

3.2E-4

2.0E-4

4.0E-4

2.5E-4(2.5E-35.0E-4(6.3E-32.5E-4(3.2E-37.9E-4(1.0E-23.2E-41.3E-3(1.3E-24.0E-4

5E-5

8E-5

5E-5

1E-4

5E-4

1E-3

6E-4

2E-3

3E-3;

vao ttfng bade6406

1144

2.5E-3(2.5E-24.0E-4

5E-3

dtfa vao tCrng btfdc18773208547916543

1434

155321163874

13699

1246vao ttfng bade4958021655401

1928346562981502

1741264547271262

5.0E-3(5.0E-24.0E(4.0E-3

4.0E-2(40E-1

2E-2

1E-3

8E-2

KHI KC1 = KC2 = KC3 = 0 CM VA KC4 =NHUNGVAO VUNG HOAT

8E-5

2E-4

1E-4

2E-4

1E-44E-3)3E-4

1E-2)2E-4

5E-3)4E-4

2E-2_L2E-46E-4

3E-2)2E-4

1E-34E-2)2E-4

3E-31E-1)2E-4

8E-3)

2E-26E-1)

6 CM

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.0.

0.

0.

0.

0.

0.

0.

.071

.080

.073

.085

.075

095

077

110

076132

080

166

082

200

080

74

13

N\

Kenh ngang so 1

Kenh ngang s5 2

Kenh ngang so 4

I) 2 <1 16 M8 SZ ft So 6H

BN2. Six phu thuoc cua t i so N(o)/Ni vao so BNL da nap

va cac gia t r^ ngoai suy cua khoi lirong tc?i han

U

1 .0 .- 1 .00

0.'-)

0 . 8

0.7 i

D.6 _

5.5

N i °

V— / ' / A'

+o

i7id.7li

i2 •; A Kenh so 1

o Kenh 36 2

f Kenh so 4

1 L-!

10 20 30 40 50 60 BNL

Hinh 3* Sir phu thuoc cua cac h§ so nhan du-o'i to'i han

vao 36 lirqug BNL ciirq'c nap.

15

Bang 2 - Khoi Ii/Ong tdi han trong qua trinh nap nhien lieu.1- So BNL nap Ian thuf k2- Khoi lUOng tdi han ngoai suy sau Ian nap k3- Tong BNL sau Ian nap thuf k4- So BNL nap 6U0C Ian thuf k + 15- So BNL thi/c nap Ian thuf k + 1

TT

12345678910111213141516

mk16666665544433221

mk (0)2142532384249495460

64.564.566.268.369

69.5-

Tong mk36121824303641465054586164666869

mk + 142

3.23.53.53

3.222

2.52.51.51.51

0.70.4

-

mk + 1 thtfc5666665544433221-

16

- Thay d6i thuf tu* nap nhi§n lieu so vdi hudng dan [1] vi ly do thuantien trong thao tac. Nhtf v£y nhien li#u da khong d\JQc nap mdt cdch d6'ixufng vao vung hoat. Do do s6 dem cua ba he dem ndtron phu d6ngSNM-11/SPU-1M thay d6i khdng ddn dieu va cac dUdng cong Ni (0) / Nithang giang Idn (cac phep do deu dUdc l ip lai 3 fan, to/ 6* fan nap cuoi,Ian thuf 16 va 17 khi da dat tdi han).

Ket qua la gia tri ngoai suy toi thieu sau moi fan nap cua khoilUdng tdi han nh6 hdn gia tri nh^n dU0c trong tradng hop nap doi xufng.

- So lu"0ng BNL trong m6i Ian nap nhi&n lieu nhi'eu hdn so vdicong thufc (1). Dieu nay cd the chap nhan 6\J0c tti cac l$p luan sau:

+ Do viec nap nhien li#u khong doi xufng nen gia tri ngoai suy toithieu cua khoi lUOng tdi han nh6 hdn khi nap doi xufng;

+ Theo tinh toan ly thuyet, khd'i ladng tdi han la 77 BNL Do doco the coi so lU0ng BNL tdi han khong nh6 hdn 60.

That ra viec thu"a nhan qua tr)nh nap nhien lieu nhif vay la khongdung nguyen tac an toan, song moi Ian nap nhien lieu d'eu xem xet canthan viec tang so dem ndtron tu" cac 6'ng dem SNM-11 va trong cac fannap cuoi cung cd stf dung quy che nap tC/ng bade.

Mat khac, nap khong doi xufng trong moi fan nap, song phai napsao cho cac vong BNL bao quanh ngubn Cf - 252 (6 7-6) 6U0c nap daytti trong ra ngoai. Do do, sau khi nap day moi vong, phan bo nhien lieutrong vung hoat cung doi xufng.

Vong thuf nhat 6 BNL, vong thuf hai 12 BNL, v6ng thtf ba 16 BNL,vong thuf ta 18 BNL, v6ng thuf nam 29 BNL, vong thuf sau 17 BNL.

Qua trinh nap nhien lieu eg the duXfc tien hanh nhu sau :

- V6ng thuf nhat va thuf hai dUdc nap lam 3 fan, moi fan 6 BNLtheo dung hudng dan [1],

- Vong thuf ba dUdc nap lam 3 Ian, moi Ian 6 BNL (cac nhdm thuf4,5,6 d Bang 1) nhi/ng khong theo thuf tu* cua hi/dng dan. Nhdm thuf 4gbm cac BNL gan kenh ngang s6 2, do do so dem N2 tang nhanh, vlvay tren hinh 2, difdng cong N2 (0) / N2 giam nhanh hdn dtfcfng congN3(0)/N3. Nhdm thuf 5 gbm cac BNL n&m gan kenh ngang so 4, do dodudng cong N3(0) / N3 giam nhanh. Nhdm thuf 6 gbm cac BNL gan kenhngang so 1 va so 2, do do N2(0) / N2 giam nhanh hdn N3(0) / N3. TO dothi Ni(0) / Ni ta thay r&ng gia tri ngoai suy td'i thieu khoi Ii/dng tdi hantrong cac trirdng hdp nay nh6 hdn trUdng hdp nap doi xufng.

- V6ng thuf tir dadc nap 4 Ian (cac nhdm 7, 8, 9, 10). Nhdm thuf 7gbm 5 BNL nam giufa cac thanh KC2 va KC3, nhdm thuf 8 gbm 5 BNL tif

17

KC1 den KC4. Nhom thtf 9 gom 4 BNL nam hai ben thanh AZ1. NhomthuMOgbm 4 BNL na"m hai ben thanh AZ2. Doi vdi v6ng nay tfnh chatbat doi xufng trong viec nap nhien lieu cung the hien tren cac dadngcong Ni(0) / Ni va do do nhan dagfc gia trj ngoai suy toi thieu nh6 hdncua khoi ladng tcfi han. 6 cac Ian nap nay cung da giam so ludng BNLtrong m6i nhom.

- Vong thuf nam di/0c nap 6 Ian (cac nh6m 11 den 16). Vj tri napcac BNL dadc chon sao cho cac thanh AZ va KC dadc bao boc kin traderoi sau 66 mdi den cac vi trf khac. So lu"0ng BNL nap trong moi nhomdUdc gi&m dan tC/ 4 xuong 3 rbi 2 va 1. Bon thanh KC va thanh AZ1di/dc boc kin, quanh thanh AZ2 c6n thieu 6 12-4 vi 6 nay nam giufathanh AZ2 va ong chuyen mau b^ng khf nen, cay sao co di/dng kfnh 40mm de g ip nhien lieu khong dUa vao lot. Ke tu1 nhom thuf 14, cac BNLdUdc daa vao vung hoat ti/ng bade (4 den 5 bade) nho" cd cau dieu khiencan cau.

- Sau khi daa vao BNL thuf 69 va rut ca bon thanh KC th) nhanthay 16 phan ufng gan dat trang thdi tdi han : chu ky tSng cdng suat 16giam xuong dadi 100 sec. Tuy nhien, 16 chaa dat tdi han bd\ vi khi rutngubn ndtron Cf-252 ra kh6i vung hoat thi khong duy tri dadc cong suat.

- Tiep tuc daa them mot thanh Berili vao 6 7-1. Rut ba thanhKC1 - KC3 ra kh6i vung hoat. Rut dan thanh KC4 len va khi KC4 lengan net thi chu ky tang cong suat dat gid tri dadi 100 sec. Tiep theo,rut ngubn Cf-252 ra dbng thefi daa dan thanh KC4 len, khi thanh KC4con nhung vao vung hoat c9 6 cm th] dat dadc trang thai tdi han, congsuat Id phan ufng kh6ng thay doi :

19 GlCf 50 PHUT NGAY 1 THANG 11 NAM 1983.

IV- MQT SO NHAN XET KET LUAN

1.TO cac db th| Ni(0) / Ni, Hinh 2, ta thay r£ng cac da6ng congd'eu co dang lorn, nghTa la dang cho gia tri ngoai suy cua khoi ladng tdihan nh6 hdn gia tri khoi ladng tdi han thac. Di'eu nay bao dam an toan khinap nhien lieu.

2. Tren hinh 3 trinh bay su* phg thupc cua cac he so nhan daditdi han Ki = 1 - Ni(0) / Ni vao so ladng BNL dadc nap. He so nhan Ktrung binh dat gia tri 0,98 vdi 61 BNL va bang 0,99 vdi 66 BNL. Sau khinap 68 BNL, he so nay la K = 0,995, tufc la do sau dadi tcfi han dk = 1- K= 0,005 < p , vcfi p = 0,0064 la phan dong gop tadng doi cua ndtron tre.

18

3. Khi trong vung hoat chl c6 ngubn Cf-252, so dem tai kenh so 1la N1(0) = 19,4 c6n sau khi nap 68 BNL th) N1 = 4654, nhu vay congsuat 16 da tang N1/N1(0) = 240 Ian. He so tang cong suat nhan dUdc tC/cac so lieu Bang 1 doi vdi cac vi tri do N1 - N3 va DM - DI3 dUdc chodu'di day :

Vi triHe so

N1240

N2290

N3255

DI1365

DI2-

DI3500

Nhu' vay sau khi nap 68 BNL cong suat 16 da tang khoang 2 bac sovdi cong suat ngubn ban dau. Gia trj thuc cua cong suat chi/a xac dinhdi/dc bdi vi thang do cong sua't cua he AKNP chi/a dadc chuan djnh. Cacgia tri cong sua't cua DI1-DI3 ti'nh ra % cong suat danh dinh N cho trongBang 1 chl la gia tri quy Jdc de cho biet dp tang cong suat tUdng doi mathoi. Khi mdi dat ngubn Cf-252 va chua c6 nhien lieu, cong suat 16 chlvaoc5 1.10"8 %N, chuf khong phai 1.E"5 %N nhu da neu trong Bang 1.

Tuy nhien, tu" cac gi6 tri d6ng cua bubng ion hoa KNK-56 dat taikenh ngang so 4 va chl thj tren may \\J ghi KSPV-4 thi he so tang tUdngdoi cua cong suat la 0,2/0,05 = 4 fan : gia tri nay be hdn nhieu gia trj daneu tren day.

4. Theo tfnh toan ly thuyet, 16 phan ufng dat tcfi han vdi cau hinhkhong ,co bay ndtron khi vung hoat di/dc nap 77 BNL (xem hinh 3 cua[2]). Nhu'ng ket qua thUc nghiem da cho thay 16 dat tdi han khi nap vaovung hoat 69 BNL va 1 thanh Berili. NhU vay ket qua tfnh toan ly thuyetkha I6n hdn gia tri thiic nghiem.

Tuy nhien trong tinh toan ly thuyet, khoi lUdng U-235 trong moiBNL dude cho bang 38,9 g, trong khi 66 khoi lUdng U-235 thuc te trongmoi BNL la 2781,8/69 = 40,3g. Bang 3 trinh bay cac thong so ve cacBNL (so hieu nha may va khoi lUdng) theo thu" tu nap nhien lieu. Ta thayrang khoi liidng tong cpng U-235 nap la 2781,8 g, tUdng Jng vdi soludng BNL "ly thuyet11 bang 2781,8/38,9 = 71,5 BNL Tuy vay, so UgngBNL ly thuyet co the Idn hdn 71 thanh b6i vi theo nhu Bang 3, khoi UdngU-235 trung binh cua cac BNL 6 vong nhien lieu trong cung, la vongBNL co trpng so Idn nhat, la 40,9g, c6n cac vong nhien lieu tiep theo cokhoi lUdng trung binh la 40,2 g, 40,44 g va 40,3 g.

19

BangJ3- Cau hinh tdi nan 69 BNL, thtf tu" nap nhien lieu va khoi lu"0ng U-235

Thu1 TVVong1

2

3

Nhom1

2

3

4

5

6

NapSo123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536

Vi tri6-68-77-57-76-78-65-69-66-58-88-56.85-59-77-47-89-55-74-44-54-64-710-410-510-610-79-88-96-95-85-46-47-38-49-47-9

BoSo hieu056057058059060061068069070074075076077078079086087088062063064065066067080081082083084085071072073155156157

nhien lieuKhoi Ii/Ong U-235, g41.140.840.541.241.140.739.738.240.740.841.741.141.339.240.538.640.440.840.238.639.839.841.040.039.239.340.341.541.040.240.739.240.039.840.339.9

T = 245.4m = 40.9

T = 483m = 40.3

T = 720.8m = 40.04

20

4

5

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

373839404142434445464748495051525354

555657585960616263646566676869

5-36-37-28-39-35-9

6-107-108-109-93-33-43-63-711-311-411-611-72-42-512-54-23-210-23-811-210-911-84-95-105-29-2

9-107-1

158159160164165166170171172176177178179180181182183184161162163173174185187175167168169168189190191

Berili

40.040.741.840.541.141.441.340.739.639.940.039.140.240.241.838.340.140.840.740.841.340.241.039.641.139.940.540.138.840.540.140.239.7

T = 727.5m s 40.44

T = 604.5m = 40.3

Khdi Ii/Ong U-235 tong c0ng tdi h$n T = 2781.8 gKhoi ItfOng U-235 trung binh mot BNL m = 40.3 g

21

V. THANH PHAN NHOM KHdl DQNG LO

Nhom khdi dpng 16 g'om cac thanh vien va nhiem vu cua ho nhu" sau.

TT123

45

6

78

9

10

11

12

Chu'c vuPhu trach kh6i dpng

Trud'ng kipVat ly kiem tra

Ks dieu khienKs thiet bj phu dpng

Ks he SUZ

Ks he kipKs cd khi

Ks dien

Ks an toan biJc xa

Ks vat ly

Ks che dp nadc

Phfa Lien xoArhanghenski N.VArhanghenski N.V

Terekhov A.V

Kuznexov E.MTrophimov A.BLavrenov N.PKharlamov N.B

Sokolov I.VBakharev V.S

Truskin V.S

Khandamirov U.E

Semennov S.M

Phia Viet namPham Duy HienNgo Quang Huy

Vu Hai LongNguyen Oang Nhuan

Tran Khanh MaiNguyen Ngpc Lam

Nguyen Nhj Dfen

Tran Khac AnDo van Hiep

Pham Xuan PhUdngNguyen Trudng Sinh

Pham van LamTrUdng Cam Ranh

DUdng Quang TanNguyen Tac Anh

LUdng Ngpc ChauHuynh Dong PhUdng

Le VTnh VinhNguyen thi NangTC/ van NghTa

VI. TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Chiidng trinh kh6i dpng vat ly 16 phan ufng,Tai lieu Thiet ke Lien xo, 1980.

2. Qui pham bao dam an toan khfti dpng vat ly 16 phan ifng,Tai lieu Van hanh va khai thac 16, Lien xo, 1980.

22