FOREWORD - NARDF

NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012 i

FOREWORD

Agricultural Research and Development in Nepal, through the process of Competitive Grant System, has opened up opportunities for all stakeholders to contribute through collaboration and/or partnership to bring positive improvements in the lives of common people. For smallholder farmers, this participation is most crucial since smallholder agriculture is considered to be the engine for rural and economic development in Nepal.

The National Agricultural Research and Development Fund (NARDF) is an important institution for implementing competitive grant system in agricultural research and development. Successful implementation of the NARDF funded projects will definitely help in improving agricultural productivity and attaining the national goal of poverty reduction.

The main function and mandate of NARDF is to seek or demand proposals from governmental and nongovernmental organization, academic/educational institutions, private sector, civil society and community based organizations who are interested in contributing to the agricultural research and development of Nepal. NARDF focuses on output oriented work aiming to deliver measurable results within a maximum of three years period in support of national objectives and priorities defined in government policy documents.

Since its establishment in the year 2001, NARDF has so far provided financial support for the implementation of 162 Research & Development Projects through various implementing organizations and/or development partners. Out of these, 105 projects have been completed so far under the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth calls. The remaining 57 projects are still ongoing. For the 9th Call 221 Project Concept Note have been received and are undergoing through remaining selection procedures.

From the fifth call onwards, NARDF has also introduced the Small Grants and Thesis Grants Program under its funding umbrella mainly targeting the grassroots level local institutions and Post-Graduate level research students respectively. During the fiscal year 2064/65, 24 Small Grants and 12 Thesis Grants projects were awarded. In the fiscal year 2065/66, 6 Small Grants and 18 Thesis Grants were awarded. In the Fiscal Year 2066/67, 20 Thesis Grants have been awarded. In the Fiscal year 2067/68 17 Thesis Grants have been awarded. In the current Fiscal Year thesis proposal evaluation is under process. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this report to provide some introductory notes, summary and progress of those projects that are already under implementation. I believe this publication will provide useful information related to various NARDF funded projects and their ongoing status. It will also provide the reader with an insight as to what could be achieved, within overall aim of contributing to the improvement of the livelihoods of the rural communities. I would like to thank all the Project Coordinators who have timely submitted their progress reports for incorporating their project-related information in this publication. I would like to thank all the Officers of NARDF, Mr. Bharat Adhikari, Mr. Tara Kumar Shrestha, Mr Kamal Kesar Khanal, Mr Bhismakanta Ghimire, Dr. Parvez Alam, and computer operator Mr Kiran Raut who were fully involved in the compilation, editing and publication of this report. I would also like to thank all those who have a direct or indirect role in the preparation of this report during the various stages of its preparation and publication. Sankar Shapkota Act. Member Secretary NARDF June 2012

ii NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012

INTRODUCTION In the context of the current worldwide wave of achieving goals relating to agricultural research and development programs by increasing the participation of the governmental, private and non-governmental sectors and the civil society through the Competitive Grant System (CGS), it has become imperative in our country also to give momentum to the overall development of the agricultural sector by launching agricultural research and development programs through the private sector, the non-governmental community, the academic institutions and the civil society, in addition to the governmental sector.

In exercise of the power conferred by Section 3 of the 1986 Working Fund Act, the then His Majesty’s Government (now called as 'Government of Nepal') has established a National Agricultural Research and Development Fund (NARDF) on 10 December, 2001, with the objective of carrying out functions aimed at contributing to the development of the agricultural sector by distributing its financial resources on the basis of the competitive grant system open to all development stakeholders and partners. Presently, NARDF is a government entity under the Ministry of Agriculture Development supporting and promulgating the CGS initiative which was started by HARP twelve years back. The main thrust of NARDF is to familiarize the CGS concept to a wider level of heterogeneous clients/development partners scattered all over the length and breadth of Nepal. The CGS philosophy is to ensure the participation of the private sector, the non-governmental community, the community-based organizations and the civil society in planning and investment activities, increase their involvement in the tasks of diversifying and promoting the agricultural research and development sector and bringing about coordination in agricultural research, extension and training activities.

NARDF aims to promote a demand-driven and pluralistic approach, providing grants that are designed to uplift the standard of living of Nepalese farmers while at the same time it believes in capacity building of the participating institutions and those of the end- users. Thus, a call for proposals is advertised in daily newspapers each year and the award is based on a transparent process of selection through independent review by the professionals. The major steps of project selection are as follows:

• NARDF calls for project concept notes (PCNs) within the NARDF thematic and priorities areas.

• PCNs are pre-screened by NARDF Secretariat to check whether the minimum set of criteria are fulfilled.

• PCNs are forwarded to Peer Reviewers for reviewing and evaluation.

• Comments and recommendations on PCNs received from Peer Reviewers are compiled systematically and presented to the Technical sub-committee (TSC) by the Secretariat.

• TSC goes through the individual PCN received from Peer Reviewers and submit to the Fund Management Committee (FMC) for approval along with recommendations.

• FMC makes the final decision regarding PCN acceptance.

• Successful applicants whose PCNs are accepted are notified by NARDF Secretariat and they are asked to submit the Full Project Proposals (FPP) within a set deadline.

• The FPP received by NARDF from the applicants follows the same cyclic process as that of

PCN before the final decision is made for awarding of the Grant.

• Following the award of Grant, the successful Project Proponents (in NARDF's case, Project Coordinator) signs the Official Project Agreement Paper on behalf of his/her institution with the NARDF Secretariat and Project work is set in motion.

NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012 iii

The advertisement for the NARDF first call was made on 2059/6/25 in National Daily newspapers Gorakhapatra and Kantipur as well as in the NARDF official website (www.nardf.org.np). The total number of Project Concept Notes [PCNs] registered in this first call were 174 out of which 116 were rejected during the prescreening phase by the NARDF secretariat. The remaining 58 PCNs were forwarded for review to the independent peer reviewers in order to pass by the process of selection as mentioned above. Out of these 58 PCNs, only 19 PCNs were accepted for submitting full proposal. Finally, fifteen (15) projects were approved for implementation. These projects are already completed.

The second call was made on 2060/6/10 in National Daily Papers Gorakhapatra and Kantipur as well as in the website of NARDF. There were altogether 277 PCNs registered in second call, out of which 65 PCNs were rejected during the prescreening phase by NARDF secretariat. The remaining 212 PCNs were forwarded to the peer reviewers for review process and only 71 PCNs were selected for submitting the Full Project Proposal (FPP). Out of these 71 full proposals, 23 projects were approved for implementation. Out of these 23 projects, two projects were merged into one, and one project was terminated without completion. So, only 21 projects of the second call are being implemented. All these 21 Projects are already completed.

The third call for the PCN was made on 2061/7/12 in the National Daily Gorakhapatra and NARDF website. A total of 380 PCNs were registered in NARDF secretariat for project bidding. Out of 380 PCNs, 293 were forwarded to the peer reviewers for review after 87 PCNs were rejected during the pre-screening phase. A total of 72 PCNs were accepted for submitting the FPP out of which 68 FPPs were finally received and send to the peer reviewers for further reviewing. Among the 68 FPPs only 21 FPPs were finally approved for funding. All the 3rd call projects are already completed.

Likewise, the fourth call for the PCN was made on 2062/11/17 in the National Daily Gorakhapatra and NARDF website. A total number of 300 PCNs were registered by different proponents in NARDF Secretariat before the deadline, out of which, 39 PCNs have to be rejected after pre-screening process and the remaining 261 PCNs were forwarded to the peer reviewers for review. Out of the 261 PCNs, 80 PCNs were accepted for submitting the FPP. But only 77 FPPs were submitted. With the same token of reviewing process as in the case of PCNs, only 26 FPPs were finally selected for funding. All the 4th call projects are also completed.

The advertisement for the NARDF's fifth call was publicly announced on 2064/03/22 in National Daily Gorakhapatra as well as in the official website of NARDF. A total number of 266 PCNs were registered in NARDF Secretariat. After going through the prescreening phase and reviewing process a total of 47 PCNs were selected for developing the FPPs and were sent to respective proponents. A total of 45 FPPs were received in the NARDF Secretariat before the deadline, and were further sent to independent peer reviewers for reviewing. Finally, only 18 FPPs were prioritized for funding by the Fund Management Committee (FMC) of NARDF. Fifteen projects are completed under 5th call and the rest are ongoing in various districts of Nepal.

NARDF 6th Call for Project proposals was publicly announced on 2065/03/28 and 29 in the National Daily Gorakhapatra. A total of 347 Project Concept Notes were received in NARDF Secretariat. Finally only 28 Projects got approved for funding by the FMC. But one approved projects did not come for agreement. Therefore total 27 Projects are in 6th call. Seven projects of this call are completed and the rest of the projects are on going.

NARDF 7th Call for Project proposals was publicly announced on 2066/03/13 and 14 in the National Daily Gorakhapatra. A total of 362 Project Concept Notes were received in NARDF Secretariat. Finally only 22 Projects got approved for funding by the FMC. But one approved projects did not come for agreement in this call too. Therefore total 21 Projects are in 7th call. These projects are currently on going.

The advertisement for the NARDF's eighth call was publicly announced on 2067/03/24 and 25 in National Daily Gorakhapatra as well as in the official website of NARDF. A total number of 358 PCNs were registered in NARDF Secretariat. Finally only 13 Projects got approved for funding by the FMC. These projects are currently ongoing.

iv NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012

The advertisement for the NARDF's ninth call was publicly announced on 2067/10/4 and 5 in National Daily Gorakhapatra as well as in the official website of NARDF. A total number of 221 PCNs were registered in NARDF Secretariat. Now these PCNs are under screening process.

In the Fiscal year 2064/65 NARDF has taken some new initiatives in the implementation of Small Grants and Thesis Grants Program. The Operating Manual and Guidelines of both the Small and Thesis Grants Schemes are already developed by the NARDF Secretariat. The Small Grants funding scheme is mainly targeted for supporting local/grassroots NGOs and CBOs with a maximum budget ceiling of Five lakhs and the Thesis Grants to Masters' level students who are currently undertaking Post-Graduate studies in the field of agriculture and development, matching with the priority areas of NARDF. In the Small Grants call for proposals a total of 161 FPPs were registered in NARDF Secretariat out of which only 24 projects were finally approved for funding. All the 24 projects are completed. Regarding the Thesis Grants program, altogether 12 Research grants have been awarded to Post-Graduate level students during this fiscal year. After completion of their research work, all these students have presented their findings to NARDF. In the Fiscal year 2065/66 regarding the Small Grants, a relatively small number (35 FPPs) were received by NARDF – which was precisely targeted for 15 remote districts according to NARDF priority focus for that particular call. Due to the poor quality of proposals received only seven (7) Projects finally got approved for funding, but one project didn’t come for agreement. So agreements are done with only 6 projects. Out of these 4 projects are completed. Final reports of remaining 2 projects have not submitted yet. Regarding Thesis Grants, a total of 18 Post Graduate (M.Sc. Students) has been awarded with the Research Grant to conduct their Thesis work. In the Fiscal year 2066/67 a total of 20 Post Graduate (M.Sc.) students from Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur have been awarded with the Research Grant to conduct their Thesis work. All of the students have presented their findings to NARDF after completion of their research work. In the current fiscal year 2067/68 a total of 16 Post Graduate (M.Sc.) and 1Ph.D. students from Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur have been awarded with the Research Grant to conduct their Thesis work. Fifteen students have presented their findings to NARDF after completion of their work and 2 students have not presented their findings yet.

NARDF is optimistic that the research and development grants of the FUND are being frugally utilized by its development stakeholders and implementing partners in order to leave a lasting and desired impact in the targeted communities where support is most needed to uplift the living conditions/livelihoods of the people

NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012 v

Table of contents

S. No. Description Page

no. 1 Foreword by Member Secretary, Shankar Sapkota i 2 Introduction ii 3 Table of Contents v

4 PP no. 601/2008/2009 Bionimics of White Stem Borer of Coffee and development of Eco-friendly Management Practices in Farmers Fields. 1

5 PP no. 602/2008/2009 ul/aL lgjf/0fsf nfuL slknj:t' lhNnfdf ;fgf kz'x?sf] ;'wfl/Psf] gZn cfk"lt{ cfof]hgf, df]tLk"/–slknj:t' 7

6 PP no. 603/2008/2009 Microbiological Asessment of Post Slaughter Practices Applied For Extending The Shelf Life Of Goat Meat At Slaughter And Retail Market 13

7 PP no. 604/2008/2009 Promoting Farmers level production and utilization of bio-pesticides for vegetable farming 19

8 PP no. 605/2008/2009 Scaling up of cage cum pond integration system of Tilapia/Catfish in cage and carps in ponds 24

9 PP no. 606/2008/2009 Participatory F1 Seed Production & Marketing of Tomato cv. 'Shrijana' through Seed Producer Group 27

10 PP no. 607/2008/2009 Commercial Vegetable Farming at Peri-Urban Area and BP Highway Corridor of Sindhuli District,Nepal 37

11 PP no. 608/2008/2009 :ofªhf lhNnfdf afª\l;ª, ljrf/L / afu]km8\s] uflj;df s[lif ljdf sfo{s|d 36

12 PP no. 609/2008/2009 c3f{vfFrL lhNnfdf ;xsf/Lsf] dfWod4f/f s[lif ahf/ Joj:yfkg cfof]hgf 41

13 PP no. 610/2008/2009 Improving the Productivity of Resources Poor Farmers' Pig Herds through promotion of Genetically Improved Pig Genotypes in Bardiya District 44

14 PP no. 611/2008/2009 Livelihood Improvement of Small Farmers through promoting of Commercial Pointed Gourd Production and Marketing Linkages in Dodahara & Chadani VDCs in Kanchanpur

51

15 PP no. 612/2008/2009 Climate change Effects on Rice wheat System and its Mitigation options in the Terai region of Nepal. 54

16 PP no. 613/2008/2009 Improvent of Quality Production and Marketing Network of Pointed Gourd in Mahottari District 59

17 PP no. 614/2008/2009 Fish health Management approaches for the quality supply of rainbow trout 63

18 PP no. 615/2008/2009 Fresh Vegetable Production and Developing Agricultural Marketing Network (VPAM) in Sindhuli 67

19 PP no. 616/2008/2009 Development of Self Employment Opportunities through Small-Scale Pig Farming Enterprises in Makwanpur 72

20 PP no. 617/2008/2009 Improved Forage based Jersey cattle rearing program in Sandhikharka and its adjoining VDCs of Arghakhanchi district to Promote dairy industry. 78

21 PP no. 618/2008/2009 kfNkf / c3f{vfFrL lhNnfdf u'0f:tl/o 3fF; aLp k|jw{gaf6 cfo cfh{g ;lxt ls;fgx?sf] kz'kfng / vfB;'/Iffaf6 ul/aL Go"lgs/0f kl/of]hgf 85

vi NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012

22 PP no. 619/2008/2009 Scaling up of Sustainabla soil Management Technologies for Improving livelihood of Resource Poor Farmers in Hills 88

23 PP no. 620/2008/2009 Development of Agricultural Entrepreneurship among rural youth for self employment in Nuwakot 93

24 PP no. 621/2008/2009 u|fdL0f ls;fgx?sf s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] ahf/;Dd kFx'r j[l¢sf nfuL s[lif ahf/sf] ;+hfn ljsf; 97

25 PP no. 622/2008/2009 u'0f:tl/o aLpsf] ;j{;'ne cfk"lt{sf nfuL aLp a}+s sfo{qmd, slknj:t' 101

26 PP no. 623/2008/2009 Implementation of GMP in selected 3 Dairy Industries establishing one model milk chain of each dairy 106

27 PP no. 624/2008/2009 Market promotion of large Cardamom Through Quality Improvement 112 28 PP no. 625/2008/2009 Unnat Bangur Palaun Mahila Rojgari Ra Aamdani Badhau 117

29 PP no. 626/2008/2009 Development of Fisheries enterprises for livelihood improvement of freed Kamaiyas and women along the highway corridor in Far western development region,Nepal

120

30 PP no. 627/2008/2009 bf]nvf–l;+u8L–nfdfju/ ;8s bfFof jfFof gd'gf ufO{kfng ;xof]u sfo{qmd 129

31 PP no. 701/2009/2010 Management of Degraded Agriculture Land Through Cooperative Lease Farming 134

32 PP no. 702/2009/2010 Establishment of Resource Centre of Pakhribas Black Pig in Sankhuwasabha District 140

33 PP no. 703/2009/2010 Degraded cultivated land management to improve the Agricultural product and productivity for food security in the Arghankhachi District 143

34 PP no. 704/2009/2010 Improving household income and livelihood of rural farmers groups through postharvest handling and processing of HVC in Kusaha Laximiniya, Hanuman nagar pra-dha and Pipra pra-dha VDCs of Siraha district of eastern Nepal

146

35 PP no. 705/2009/2010 Women Entrepreneurship Development on Vegetables Production using Value Chain Approach in Makwanpur 152

36 PP no. 706/2009/2010 dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf blnt dlxnfx?sf] cfo j[l¢sf nflu s'v'/f kfng kl/of]hgf 157

37 PP no. 707/2009/2010 Promotion of Floriculture (gladiolus and chrysanthemum) for income generation in the Highway Corridor VDCs in Sarlahi 161

38 PP no. 708/2009/2010 s[ifsx?åf/f Jofj;flos ?kdf dxsf] u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbg ;fy} jhf/Ls/0fdf lbuf] ;+hfnLs/0f kl/of]hgf 164

39 PP no. 709/2009/2010 Promotion of Organic vegetable farming and cooperative marketing for income generation in Gorkha District 167

40 PP no. 710/2009/2010 Conservation of Degraded Agricultural Land and Livelihood Improvement of Marginalised Farmers in Dhading 172

41 PP no. 711/2009/2010 Sustainable white grubs management through the use of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae 176

42 PP no. 712/2009/2010 Utilization of Organic Solid Waste for Organic Oriented Vegetable Farming in Madhyapur Thimi Municipality Ward no. 3 & 12 184

43 PP no. 713/2009/2010 ul/aL lgjf/0fsf nflu :6]leof k|j¢{g kl/of]hgf 188

NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012 vii

44 PP no. 714/2009/2010 Commercial Vegetable Farming for Income Generation in Chhinchu-Jajarkot Road Corridor of Jajarkot District 193

45 PP no. 715/2009/2010 Conservation Agriculture for Long Term Sustainability, Natural Resource Management and Environmental Protection (CA Project) 196

46 PP no. 716/2009/2010 Conservation and Promotion of Lulu Cattle: A Pioneer Program in Livestock Improvement and Utilization of Underexploited Livestock Breeds 200

47 PP no. 717/2009/2010 Promotion of Exportable Honey through Beekeeping Enterprise in Sarlahi District 204

48 PP no. 718/2009/2010 Utilization of River basin for commercial off season vegetable farming in Mahottari, Sarlahi and Rautahat district 208

49 PP no. 719/2009/2010 Uplifting Farmers Income through Organic Oriented Tomato Production Cultivation In Shankarpur, Rajghat and Hajariya VDCs of Sarlahi District 212

50 PP no. 720/2009/2010 A Small Scale Giriraja Chicken farm development for the supply of quality meat and eggs in Nuwakot district 217

51 PP no. 721/2009/2010 Management of Infertility in Dairy Animals 221 52 PP no.801/2010/2011 Commercial Seed Production and Entrepreneurship Development 224

53 PP no.802/2010/2011 Promotion of Foxmillet and Jumli Simi(Bean) to Increase Farm Income and Improve Living Standard of Small and Marginal Farmers in Jumla 229

54 PP no.803/2010/2011 Promotion of Small Scale Rural Dairy Farmers through Participatory Verification and Scaling-up of the Technologies in the Catchment Areas of Private Dairy Industries

233

55 PP no.804/2010/2011 Improving food Security Situation of Bajhang District Through Increasing Production of Maize and Wheat 237

56 PP no.805/2010/2011 Citrus (Mandarin Orange) Orchard Management, Post Harvest Handling and Processing Program at Kusadevi VDC, Kavre 241

57 PP no.806/2010/2011 Commercial Seed Production & Entrepreneurship Development 245

58 PP no.807/2010/2011 Enhancement of carp fish production for livehood improvement and income generation of fisher communities at Dumaria,Jatahara & Rampurkhap cillages in Rauthat District

248

59 PP no.808/2010/2011 Improving the Livelihoods of Small Holding Rural HHs through Introduction and Dissemination of Low Cost Rainbow Trout Fish Production Technology in Makwanpur District.

252

60 PP no.809/2010/2011 Development of Novel Means of environment friendly Red Ants (Dorylus orientalis Westwood) Management technology in Potato Crop in Makwanpur District, Nepal

256

61 PP no.810/2010/2011 romotion of Grain Legume to Enhance Food Security and Management of Degraded Land in Mid hills of Nepal 259

62 PP no.811/2010/2011 Conservation, Utilization and Promotion of Endangered Achhami Cattle 263

63 PP no.812/2010/2011 Food Security Program in the Mid Western Mountains of Nepal through Promotion of Underutilised Crops of Buckwheat, Naked Barley and Foxtail Millet in Patmara & Tatopani VDCs of Jumla Distrct

266

64 PP no.813/2010/2011 Promotion of low cost and water saving irrigation technologies for enhancing small farmers' productivity

270

NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012 1

Project Title Study on the bionomics of white stem borer of coffee and development of

eco-friendly management practices Project No 601/2008/09 Project Coordinator Dr. Yubak Dhoj G. C. Address C/o Department of Entomology

Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS) Rampur, Chitwan Nepal

Telephone ++ 977-98550 56 755 Fax ++ 977-56 581021 Email [email protected] Collaborating organisations

District Coffee Producers Association (DCPA), Gulmi

Start Date June 2009 End Date: May 2012 Project Cost Around NRs, 19 Lakhs Location of Project Central Region; IAAS, Rampur, Chitwan (for laboratory work), Gulmi

(Thanapati VDCs) for field work

PROJECT SUMMARY

Coffee crop has becoming one of the lucrative cash generating crops in Nepal; however its productivity is very low as compared to other coffee growing countries in the world. In Nepal, coffee was accidentally introduced and initially this crop was limited in the western region however, in recent years it has been spreading across the country because of the monetary attraction. Among cultivated areas, Gulmi and Palpa are one of the pioneering districts in the country. Its successful cultivation has been limited mainly by the white stem boring beetles (WSB) resulting into the wider reluctance in the cultivation. A activity was initiated for details study of WSB, which was one the efforts of NARDF and IAAS, Rampur with an objective to initiate a bio-334rational management of dreaded pests of coffee. The study was carried out in the farming sites of Gulmi district (Thanapati and Shringa VDCs) for about two and half year starting from 2008. A set of activities including on-farm loss assessment of insect pests, bio-rational management, details study of pest, host association of pest and some disseminating the technology to the farmers fields were carried out. The on-farm loss assessment revealed there is wide spread occurrence of insect pests, not well managed plantation, poor orchard management, poor shade management, lack of soil nutrient, lack of regular maintenance of coffee orchards (training, pruning, burning, sanitation, irrigation, and cultural operation) and lack of pest tolerance varieties. Regarding the biology study has revealed that three different beetles (Xylotrechus quadripes, X. semi and Chlorophorus annularis) are mainly associated in coffee orchards. Among them white stem borer (X. quadripes Chevrolat; Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is one of the dominant species for causing damages. In addition to these beetles, red stem borer (Zeuzera sp), Lepidopteran moth also involves considerably in some of the orchards, however, the major losses is incurred due to white stem borer. The on-farm loss of this pest alone is very unacceptably high up to 70% in some farm orchards. Attempts of combating their losses at the farmers' capacity are underway however; they are not effective to lower down the present level of pest damage. The phenology study with cross vein sticky pheromone trap and field visits revealed that the beetle species occur year round in the orchards. However, two major flight periods such as March-April and September-October are found the dominant one. This suggests, the life cycle is completed at every 6 or 12 or 24 months. The capturing of beetles may be intensified during these periods. The larval duration remains up to 6 instars and pupa is very short about a month, which leaves the stem with exit hole. Regarding its biorational management, SERVO oil and painting with the help of coal tar has observed the significant pest control. In other side, shade has direct effect on borer infestation. The shade plants like jackfruits, banana has direct impacts on lowering the pest. Laboratory bioassay confirmed the larvae are highly susceptible with insect pathogenic fungus such as Beauveria bassiana. It is very important to develop their method of application, which would be applicable in field condition. Based on the findings of

2 NARDF Project Compilation Report - 2012

the experiment, the field study indicated some of the materials such as cattle urine mixed with Agave sp leaf extracts, neem oil and sticky materials hamper beetle infestation with differential responses. Including these materials other materials such as Servo oil, Coal tar, Cashew oil, Marauti, Timur (Xanthophylum sp), fungal mud based on B. bassiana and insect parasite will be included in future study.

PROJECT PURPOSE The main goal of the project is to "promote economically and ecologically sustainable management of coffee stem borer in particular and other pests and disease in general so as to stabilize and increase the crop yields and farm income”. This project will contribute in food security by increasing the farmer's income thereby through increasing access for the purchasing power, self reliance of the farmers, and support to the poor and have positive impact on the environment, gender and peoples health. The eventual purpose of this project is to generate an environmental beginning approach for promoting organic coffee production, export and marketing from Nepal to abroad countries. This will contribute towards export promotion and improve the livelihood of the people of Nepal.

BENEFICIARIES

The main beneficiaries of this project are small-scale farming families, which derive their livelihood from upland farming where cultivation of coffee crop is possible. The biorational control of pests such as white stem borer makes crop production less vulnerable to pests and provides these families with opportunities to grow high value crops (e.g. potato, vegetables and zinger) without the risk of major pest losses. Expenditures for pesticides and the use of highly persistent and ecologically destructive pesticides can be avoided. A ways of producing and trading organic coffee will be enabling in earning foreign currencies and contribute in the GDP of the country. This will add the value by increasing the purchasing power of the family which will significantly improve the livelihood of farm families.

The primary beneficiaries are the commercial, semi-commercial and subsistence producers of the mid hills areas of Nepal.

The secondary beneficiaries are the government line agencies such as DOA, NARC, academic institutions, students, researchers involved in this area, DCPA, non-governmental organizations.

The up-stream beneficiaries are the researchers, students and academic institutions which are directly or indirectly involved in the management of white stem borers.

The distant beneficiaries are the traders and the consumers as a whole.

OBJECTIVELY VERIFIABLE INDICATORS (OVIS)

By the mid of 2009, on-farm losses and occurrence of white stem borer of coffee documented by which more than 90% of project farmers were benefited.

At the end of 2009, bio-economics of white stem borer on coffee was determined by which 50% pest reduction achieved.

Since the beginning of 2010, farmer got a novel pest control method by which they will increase their coffee production by 90%.

Since the middle of 2011, full fledges diamond plots will be established by which 90% of the stakeholders (researcher, producers and traders) benefited.

MEANS OF VERIFICATIONS Trimester and half yearly reports, technical report, field observation Technical report and field observations Annual and technical reports, farmers interview, field monitoring Annual/Technical reports Annual reports, filed visits Journal articles Booklets


UP-SCALING PATHWAYS The solid finding of research has directly observed by increasing area regarding coffee cultivation in the project sites. The farmers to farmers' dissemination of technology, changing the attitude of farmers, up-scaling through co-operative basis etc. are the potential up-scaling agents in the project sites. DCPA Gulmi, famers groups, DADO Gulmi and DADO Palpa are the key agents for dissemination of technology. The project also tries to upscale the farmer’s knowledge and attitude towards coffee cultivation through providing the appropriate technology.

SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS

Targeted Outputs Broadly following four outputs are expected to achieve upon accomplishment of the study. 1. White stem borer infested area traced and stand loss quantified. 2. The bio-economics of white stem borer understand and determined. 3. Bio-rational technology to produce and market organic coffee developed and verified. 4. Mechanisms for the production technology of organic coffee generated and disseminated.

PROJECT STATUS REPORTS Activities Progress status Remarks

1.1 Site selection and on-farm loss assessment.

Project site was selected acceding to the dominancy of farmer’s cultivation and problems associated with CWSB. During the survey major characteristics sites such as, aspect, altitude, longitudes were also recorded and infestation of WSB was determined by visual observation. In general, the infestation level of WSB was determined in terms of percentage losses in the field. Farmer and study team also performed participatory field observations. Major parameters discussed were, coffee cultivation practices, behavior of coffee stem borer, exiting losses due to pest and their management.

The loss by insect alone has been reported from 58-90% in the farmers fields. But CWSB alone damage upto 25% in the Gulmi and Palpa districts.

1.2 Assessment of farmers (KAP) for coffee pest management

This study was carried out using informant survey (KIS) with an objectives to explore the status of coffee cultivation with due emphasis on white stem borer (WSB) problem in the study sites. Representative farmers were participated in the discussion. Farmers were selected on the basis of the information provided by district coffee producer association (DCPA) and coffee growers in the district.

The output of the activities was published in the Plant Protection journal of Nepal.

2.1 Identify damaging species of white stem borer and devise suitable trapping methods.

The damaging species of

white stem

borers are identified

by observing the trend of insect population in monitoring traps. Particularly, the adult is the coleopteran borer and consists of white band in its elytra. The adult laid the eggs in bark or crevices of bark during early monsoon (Jestha to Asar) and late monsoon (Bhadra to Kartik). Eggs are laid from 1and ½ fit above soil surface in plant bark.

Adult, 5-6 stagers larvae were the most damaging stage of borer.

2.2 Identify biology and bio -economics of white stem borers and develop sustainable control method.

• From egg to adult, the duration for development takes place 6, 12, 18 months or 2 years. These are confirmed based on the adult flight that occurred during those months.

More than 100 eggs laid in batches were found on the bark of coffee trees. Larval stage: within about a week


larvae hatch from eggs and start making tunnels into the stems and sometimes into the roots.

2.3 Identification of the alternate hosts crop or tree plants to coffee stem borer in the damaging sites.

The possible host crops of CWSB were found to be banana, Jackfruit, Chiur, Guava, Bedulo, Khanayo, Chilaune, Bohari, Mulberry, Bamboo, Badahar, Nepier, Sugarcane, Koiralo, Katus and citrus which are nerby the coffee orchard.

Jackfruits, Bedulo, Mulberry were the potential host crops.

3.1 development of biorational technology for managing coffee stem borer.

Cattle urine mixed with Agave leaf extracts has resulted more healthy plants as compared to rest of the treatments. The result might be due to repealing effect of the materials against adult beetles, however, it is still not clear about the materials or constituents present in the composition. The scrubbing should be very gentle and the oil may be slightly painted on the scrubbed parts. The sticky

materials (mouse catcher) served as effective trapping materials of the adults during peak adult's flight.

Painting the stem with servo oil, shade management, and rubbing the stem with jute is the proper management methods.

3.2 Study on the effect of Variety to white stem borer infestation.

In order to known the varietal reaction to coffee white stem borer, commercially established coffee varieties like Selection-10, Tekasik, Pakamara, Kaberi and some local varieties were observed to identify their susceptibility.

Selection 10, Tekashik and Pakamara were the potential variety

3.3 Study the effect of shade

Based on the infestation of CWSB and wilted plants, banana and jackfruits are regarded suitable shade plants over other shade plants. So far possible, growing of these crops are suggested to the coffee growers. The possible reasons might be due to dense foliage and coverage to the plants as the insect prefers laying eggs in an exposed area.

Banana and Jackfruits are the potential shade plants

4.1 establishment of the micro plot demonstration

The major activities under this demo plot are some how tolerant varieties to white stem borer, sticky traps, spray of servo engine oils and scrubbing of the stems by jute sacks and red soil. The objective of this demo is to

Micro-plot demonstration of dissemination of

EGGS I

IIIII

IV

V

VI

(~ 7 days)

Larvae

Pupa

Adult

Life cycle White stem borer


demonstrate the effectiveness of the experiment to the farming community in and around the area so that they will adopt the good practice in their area. This activity has been continued.

finding

4.2 Tailor made training

Training regarding the quality and quantity coffee production has been conducting for wider dissemination of finding to the stakeholders

Training for different levels farmers to technical officers.

4.3 Publicise research findings in Nepali and English medium, through booklets, journals etc.

The research finding and experiences of farmers were documented and booklets written in Nepali were published and distributed to the farmers. This material was found highly useful to the growers. The book covers general information of stem borer, life cycle, damage symptoms, and appropriate management options.

Published books, journal articles and some review articles.

ACHIEVEMENTS / FINDINGS (IN CASE OF RESEARCH PROJECTS) OUTPUT NO: 1

Infestation by CWSB reported up to 100% in some location of Gulmi and Palpa (. 60% infestation was because of insect only;. About 40-50% of the coffee growing farmers of Gulmi and Palpa districts reported that insect and diseases were the major production constrains followed shade effect. White stem borer caused up to 77% infestation followed by 8% by fruit borer, 6% by leaf feeding insects, and so on. Because of the hibernating feeding nature has realized very difficult to manage by external control measures. The attack of pest was initiated only after 2 to 3 years of plantation when plants have flowers and fruits.

OUTPUT NO 2

White stem borer, Red stem borer, Mealybugs and Aphids were the major insect pest in Gulmi and Palpa districts of Nepal. Many insect species were recorded in different time periods. Green scale and Mealy bugs were major insect pests of coffee in high altitude areas (> 1000 m asl) of Syangja and Kavrepalanchowk. Similarly, white stem borer and red stem borer were major in low altitude areas (< 1000 masl) . Besides, snail was another pest of coffee cultivation. When the adult beetle emerges from the coffee plants, they immediately mate and after mating the female begins egg lay during October-November and April-June. Males are darker and smaller than the female white stem borer. Mating takes place in early in morning. White Egg laid in bark Jestha to Asar and late monsoon (Bhadra to Kartik),. The eggs hatch in about 14 days and always lay eggs in the slits of bark. Total 6 stage (instar) larvae grow inside the coffee stem and it takes about 172 days to complete from first instar larvae to final instar larvae. Chaitra to Asahd period is found adult emergence period. The stem borer had caused as much as 54 exit holes on the stem of single plant. The tunnels made by borers were found tightly packed with their excreta and they were found extended up to the root zone. Different stages of insects like, larval, pupal and adult stages could be collected from a single plant. Grub is the damaging species. Adult and larvae were the damaging stages of CWSB. The species of WSB was distinguished through color of fore wings as Xylotrechus has brown fore wings with white bands and Chlorophorus has black fore wings with white bands. Major insect pests in the study sites are listed as below.


X. quadripes (left to right 1-3) and C. annularis (4)

(Un-know moth

extreme left,

Zuzera moth

(middle) and

Zuzure larva (extreme right)

About 70% of the coffee orchards were found under partial or full shade provided by fruit or fodder or timber trees. About 30% orchards were without proper shade. Majority of shade trees was of fruits. Major shade plants were fodder followed by banana, citrus etc and other traditional fruits. Other than fruit and fodder, timber trees also served as shade tree for coffee orchard in some cases. Majorities of shade trees were indigenous fodder and fruits. Half of the coffee farmers had maintained appropriate shade trees in coffee orchard. Major shade providing plants were Ficus plants, Jackfruit, Persimmon, Guava, Avocado, Papaya, Pigeon Pea, Kutmiro, Chanp, Kadam, Khanayo, Katush and Phalat. Banana followed by Jackfruit, Chiuri and Bedulo, Khanayo most using shade plants in Gulmi and Palpa district.

OUTPUT NO 3: Field sanitation, plastering with SERVO (9%), spraying botanicals and cow urine (5%) have also some effect on borer management. Similarly, several other reports pointed out that plastering with Red soil + cattle dung + cattle urine and scrubbing against stem with gunny bag or any course materials has some effect on borer management. Similarly farmers has been practicing many botanical plant materials like Asuro, Titepati, Banmara, Khiro, Siudi, Sajivan, Sisnoo, Chilaune and urine against leaf defoliating insect of coffee plants. White sticky pheromone traps are observed as useful tools in monitoring the pest population, however, their use may not be considered as pest control tools. Their usefulness should be linked along with other treatments so that better results may be achieved. The Arabic varieties of coffee are found less infected due to stem borer compared to other varieties. Therefore, their usefulness should be used in future experiments.

OUTPUT NO: 4 The finding of research is disseminated with conducting different training and workshops in the protect site. The finding also disseminated one spot site to the students and teachers of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Rampur Campus. The available species of white borer is preserved in IAAS, Entomology Laboratory. In addition to this, the finding of research is documented with publishing booklets and published in journal articles.


cfof]hgfsf] zLif{s ul/lj lgjf/0fsf nfuL slknj:t' lhNnfdf ;fgf kz'x?sf] ;'wfl/Psf] gZn cfk'lt{ cfof]hgf,

slknj:t' cfof]hgf g+= PP No. 602/2008/09cfof]hgf ;+of]hs lbgf aGb' kf}8]n 7]ufgf s[lif ax'p4]lZoo ;xsf/L ;+:yf=nL=,

df]ltk'/–$, slknj:t' 6]lnkmf]g )&^–^()(&$,(&$&)))@#$, Od]n [email protected], [email protected] ;xof]uL ;+:yf !_ lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, s=j=

@_ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no, s=j= cfof]hgf z'? ldlt @)^^ >fj0f cfof]hgf k"/f x'g] ck]lIft ldlt @)^* c;f/

cfof]hgfsf] nfut cfof]hgfsf] hDdf nfut M– ? @^%&^#(

/f=s[=c=tyf lj=sf]ifsf] of]ubfg M– ? !(((*&(

;xeflu ;:yfsf] of]ubfg M– ? @&$^)) nlIft ;d'bfosf] of]ubfg M– ? #*#!^)

cfof]hgf :yn slknj:t' lhNnfsf] df]ltk'/, jf0fu+uf, sf]kjf / uhx]8f uf=lj=;=x? PROJECT SUMMARYS

slknj:t' lhNnfsf df]ltk'/, jf0fu+uf, sf]kjf / uhx]8f uf=lj=;=x?df hg;+Vof w]/} ePsf] sf/0fn] k|lt kl/jf/ v]tL of]Uo e'lddf sd kx'r ePsfn] oxf“sf l;dfGt, ul/j, e'ldlxg s[ifsx?n] nfdf] ;dob]lv ;fgf kz'x? -afv|f tyf j+u'/_ kfNb} cfPsf] t/ lt kz'x?sf] gZn ;'wf/sf] nflu ;d'bfo, lglh, ;/sf/L tyf u}/–;/sf/L If]qjf6 kxn gx'bf lt ;fgf kz'x?sf] Aofj;flos/0fdf gZn ;'wf/ g} k|d'v r'gf}lt ag]sf] 5 . Psflt/ :yflgo hftsf kz'x?df jiff}{ b]lv glhssf] gftf kg]{ ljr k|hgg\ u/fpbf / j}1flgs lsl;dn] vf]/ / vfB kf]if0fsf] Aoj:yf gu/Lbf kz'x?sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj 36L/x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{ tkm{ kz':jf:Yo ;]jfsf] cefjn] /f]usf] sf/0f kz'x?sf] d[To'b/ klg cToflws a9]sf] 5 . l;dfGt, e'ldlxg tyf sd e'ld ePsf o; If]qsf s[ifsx?n] s[lifsf cGo ls|ofsnfkx? k|fo u/]/ vfBfGg / t/sf/L v]tLjf6 cfzfltt pknlAw gx'g] / oxf“sf ;d'bfon] kz'kfngnfO{ Joj;foLs/0f ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f oL ;+s6fled'v ;d'bfosf] vfB ;'/Iff ;+s6df k/]sf]n] ;fgf kz'x?sf] gZn ;'wf/ cfk'lt{åf/f oL ;d'bfosf] lhjg:t/ dfly p7fO{ ul/lj lgjf/0f ug]{ / lhNnf;+u hf]l8Psf cGo uf=lj=;= df ;d]t ;'wf/LPsf] gZnåf/f ;fgf kz'x?sf] u'0f:tl/o pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j[l4 u/L kf/Ljf/Ls cfodf ;'wf/ ug]{ o; cfof]hgfsf] k|d'v nIo /x]sf] 5 .

pk/f]Qm nIo k|fKtLsf nflu o; kl/of]hgfsf] of]hgf th'{df, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg / d'Nof+sg nfO{g Ph]lG;, nfeflGjt ;d'bfoåf/f u7g ePsf ljleGg ;ldltx?, :yflgo lgsfo, uf=lj=;= :t/Lo ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt / s[lif a=p=;xsf/L ;+:yf =ln= åf/f ;xeflutfTds lsl;dsf] ax'njfbsf] l;4fGt ug]{ kålt lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . o; If]qdf pTkfbg ul/g] ;fgf kz'x? -afv|f / j+u'/_ df ;'wfl/Psf] gZn cfk'lt{ gfs{ tyf gf8]{kmsf] nIo / p4]Zo ;+u d]n vfg] vfnsf] ;fy} ;fgf kz' -afv|f / j+u'/_ kfng ;+rfng ul/g] cGo If]qsf] nflu ;|f]ts]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; x'g;Sg] k|ofKt ;Defjgf b]lvg] ePsf]n] o; cfof]hgfsf] sfo{Gjog ljut @)^^ ;fpg b]lv ul/Psf] lyof] . o; kl/of]hgf ;+rfng kZrft ;d'x leqsf $&@ / ;d'x b]lv jflx/sf &@* ul/ s'n !@)) 3/w'l/n] k|ToIf?kdf ;'wfl/Psf] gZn cfk'lt{, kz' :jfYo, vf]/ Aofj:yfkg / 3f; k|j{4gåf/f kz' pTkfbsTj a[l4åf/f k|ToIf ?kdf nfeflGjt x'g] 5g\ / ck|ToIf ?kdf eljZodf cGo l5d]ls uf=lj=;=x? sf] ;fy ;fy} l5d]ls lhNnfx?n] klg ;|f]ts]Gb|jf6 k|fljlws ;'ljwfsf] ;fy} ;'wfl/Psf] gZnjf6 nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ ;fy} cGo glthf / k|ltkmnx?sf] ljleGg cled'lvs/0f uf]li7, ;fj{hlgs ;fdflhs kl/If0f, k|ltj]bg, s[ifs lbj; / Pkm=Pd= åf/f klg hfgsf/L u/fO{ k|fKt ePsf glthfx?nfO{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx? / s[ifsx? dfem k'¥ofO{ cg';/0f tyf lj:tf/ ul/g] /0flgltsf] ;fy o; kl/of]hgfsf] l8hfO{g ul/Psf] 5 . PROJECT GOAL

;fgf kz'x?df ;'wfl/Psf] g:n cfk'lt{4f/f nlIft ;d'bfo -dlxnf, e'ldlxg, e'ldlxg, ul/j, blnt / hghftL_ sf] cfocfh{g,/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ / vfB ;'/Iffdf j[l4 u/L ;fdflhs –cfly{s kl/jt{g u/L u/Llj lgjf/0f ug]{ .


PROJECT PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES

!_ ;fgf kz'x?df z'wfl/Psf] g:n cfk'lt{ ,3f;sf] k|j4g, lSnlgs ;]jf, cGo Jofj:yfkg cEof;4f/f ;fgf kz'x?sf] df;' / ;Gtfg pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j[l4 / /f]huf/Laf6 @)^*;Dd *) k|ltzt nlIft ;d'bfosf] cfodf j[l4 ug]{ .

@_ ;:yfut Ifdtf j[l4 / ;xsf/Ljf6 ahf/ Joj:yfkg, kl/of]hgf sfo{Gjog, cg'udg / d'Nof+sgdf ;d]t n}lËs ;dfgtfdf ;fy{s ;'wf/ ug{] .

BENEFICIARIES

o; cfof]hgfn] slknj:t' lhNnfsf $ j6f df]ltk'/, jf0fuËf, uhx]8f / sf]kjf uf=lj=;=x?df 2Gbsf] sf/0fn] lj:yflkt ePsf, ;|f]t gePsf, ;]jf / ;'ljwfaf6 alGrt blnt, hghflt, l;dfGt, e'ldlxg, ljkGg h'g ul/ljsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf / h;sf] kfl/jf/Ls cfo ;fgf kz'kfng / s[lif Jofj;fodf lge{/ /x]sf] 5 To:tf s[ifsx? o; kl/of]hgfsf nfeflGjt ;d'x x'g\ . o; kl/of]hgfsf s[ofsnfkx?sf] sfo{Gjog ljz]if u/]]/ dlxnf ;d'xåf/f ul/Psf]n] dlxnfx? of] kl/of]hgfaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf5g\ . o; cfof]hgfdf $ uf=lj=;= cGtu{t ;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L :t/jf6 u7g ePsf t/ ;]jf / ;'ljwf gkfO{ lg:s|Lo ePsf ;d'xx?nfO{ klg ;xefuL u/fO{Psf] 5 . dlxnfx?sf] x/]s If]qdf lg0f{o txdf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu o; cfof]hgfsf] th'{df, sfo{Gjog, cg'udg, d'Nof+sg, cGo tflnd tyf uf]li7x?df dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf %) k|ltzt k'¥ofpg] nIo /x]sf]df ;du| sfof{s|dsf] sfo{Gjogdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf &% k|ltzt ePsf] 5 . To;} ul/ blnt, hghflt, ul/j, l;dfGt, e'ldlxgsf] ;xeflutf klg %) k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

o;/L of] cfof]hgfjf6 @)^* c;f/ ;Dd k|ToIf ?kdf $ uf=lj=;= sf ;d'x leqsf $&@ / ;d'x b]lv jflx/sf &@* ul/ s'n !@)) 3/w'/L nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ . o;sf] ;fy} ck|ToIf ?kdf ;fgf kz'x?sf] ;'wfl/Psf] gZn cfk'lt{åf/f cGo l5d]ls uf=lj=;=x? sf] ;fy ;fy} l5d]ls lhNnfx?sf @%)) 3/w'l/ nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ .

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs)

!_ lj=;=@)^*;Dd n=; sf &% k|ltzt ;fgf kz'x?df &% k|ltzt hflto z'4tf sfod ePsf] x'g] / *) k|ltzt nlIft ;d'bfosf] jflif{s cfo xfnsf] ? !@,))) af6 ? @@,))) x'g]5 .

@_ lj=;=@)^* ;Dd *) k|ltzt afv|f kfnsn] k|lt kl/jf/ cf};t )=)!^ x]= / a+u'/ kfnsn] )=)## x]S6/df 3f+; v]lt u/]sf] x'g]5 .

#_ $ uf=lj=;=sf] nflu ! j6f d'n ;ldltsf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng, %) k|ltzt dlxnf4f/f ;d'x tyf ;xsf/Ldf jrt j[l4sf] ;fy;fy} ;xsf/L ,d'n ;ldlt / ;d'xsf] dxTjk'0f{ kb -cWoIf,sf]ifWoIf / ;lrj_ df nlIft ;d'bfojf6 sd ;] sd Ps hgf ePsf] x'g]5 .

$_ ljt/0f ul/Psf ztk|ltzt ;fgf kz' x?sf] ;fy ;fy} ;d'bfosf cGo ;fgf kz'x?sf] klg ljdf ePsf] x'g] 5 . %_ $ uf=lj=;=df @ hgfn] u|fld0f kz' :jf:Yo sfo{stf{sf] tflnd lnPsf x'g]5g\ / $ uf=lj=;= d} e]6]l/g]l/ lSnlgs

;+rfng u/]sf] x'g]5 . ^_ lj=;=@)^* ;Dd $&@ hgfn] @ lbgsf] kz' kfng ;DjlGw,$&@ hgfn] ;xsf/L / ;d'x Jofj:yfkg ;DjlGw /

#))hgfn] ljleGg cled'lvs/0f uf]li7, ;fj{hlgs n]vf kl/If0f uf]li7, s[ifs lbj;, sfo{s|d x:tfGt/0f / ;xeflutfTds cg'udg / d'Nof+sgdf ;xeflu ePsf] x'g]5 .

UP-SCALING PATHWAYS

cfof]hgfnfO{ hjfkmb]xL, kf/blz{ jgfpg / cGo ;d'bfodf cfof]hgfsf k|ltkmn tyf pknlAwx?sf] lj:tf/ tyf cg';/0fsf] nflu jflif{s k|ltj]bgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;fdflhs kl/If0f cf=j= @)^^÷)^& sf] c;f/df ul/Psf] lyof] To;} u/L cf=j @)^&÷)^* sf] c;f/ dlxgfdf ;Dk'0f{ ;f/f]sf/jfnfx? / s[ifs ;d'bfox? nfO{ e]nf u/fO{ ;fj{hlgs ;fdflhs kl/If0f ul/g] nIo /x]sf] 5 .

cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]q eGbf aflx/sf s[ifsx? dfem k|ltkmnsf] cg';/0f / lj:tf/ ug{sf] nflu ut cf=j df s[ifs lbj;sf] cfof]hgf ul/ s[ifs dfem cfof]hgfsf] k|ltknx?sf] k|;f/ ul/Psf] lyof] To;} ul/ o; cf=j= df klg cfof]hgfsf k|ltkmx?sf] cg';/0f tyf lj:tf/sf] nflu %) hgf s[ifsx? nfO{ lbj;df ;xefuL u/fO{g] 5 . ;xefuL lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, lhNnfdf sfo{/t cGo ;+3 ;+:yf / uf=lj=; x?n] cf–cfkm\gf] sfo{If]qaf6 k7fpg cg'/f]w ul/g] 5 . lbj;df ;xefuL x'g g;s]sf ;d'bfosf] nflu Pkm=Pd dfkm{t hfgsf/L lbO{g]5 .

cfof]hgfsf pknlAwx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ / lj:tf/ ug{sf] nflu rf}dfl;s k|ult k|ltj]bg ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx? lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no / l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox?nfO{ pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5 . gZn z'wf/ ;DjlGw k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nonfO{ cfof]hgf If]qdf lgl/If0f u/fO{Psf] 5 / lhNnfdf ;Dks{ x'g] s[ifs ;d'xsf] nflu lhNnf kz'


;]jf sfof{noaf6 ;d]t hfgsf/L pknAw ePsf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} slknj:t' gZn ;'wf/ d'n ;ldlt dfkm{t klg cfof]hgfsf ljleGg pknlAwx?sf] cGo ;d'xx?df k|rf/ k|;f/ eO{/x]sf] 5 . slknj:t' gZn ;'wf/ d'n ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?n] JoflSQut tyf ;d'xut ?kdf 5nkmn ul/ s[ifs dfem cfof]hgfsf] pknlAwsf] lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 .


Targeted Outputs:

!_ nlIft ;d'bfodf z'wf/LPsf] g:n -&% k|ltzt hflto z'4tf_ sf] cfk'lt{ / :yflgo ;fgf kz'x?df ;'wf/LPsf] g:n4f/f g:n ;'wf/ u/L ;fgf kz'x?sf] df;' tyf ;Gtfg pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf %) k|ltzt j[l4 eO{ kf/Ljfl/s cfodf j[l4 x'g]5 .

:yflgo ;fgf kz'x?sf] ;Gtfg pTkfbg / df;' pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 u/fpgsf] nflu !^ hf]8L of]s{;fo/ hftsf] j+u'/ / #^ j6f :yflgo :t/sf] ;'wfl/Psf] u'0f:t/o'Qm af]sf4f/f k|hgg\ eO{ k7f kf7L hGdLPsf 5g\ . pQm kf7f kf7Lx?df %) k|ltzt hflto z'4tf sfod ePsf] 5 / hGdLPsf kf7Lx?df k'g M pQm u'0f:tl/o efn]x? 4f/f k|hgg\ eO{;s]sf]n] cfufld bf];|f] k":tfdf &% k|ltzt hflto z'4tf sfod x'g]5 . j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgf @^ 3/w'/Ldf nfu' ePsf] 5 . af]sf tyf j+u'/sf] nflu ;'wfl/Psf] %@ j6f vf]/ ;d]t lgdf{0f eO{;s]sf] 5 .

@_ ;fgf kz'x?sf] pTkfbsTj a[l4sf] nflu pGgt 3f“; -asfO{gf], O{lkn–O{lkn, lsDa", lk8fn' jf t?n_Aofj:yfkg ePsf] x'g] .

af]sf tyf afv|fsf] nflu #=(& x]S6/df 8fn] 3f; k|j4g / j+u'/sf] nflu !=^ x]S6/df lk8fn' / t?nsf] k|j4g ePsf] lyof] ut cf=j=df !=*( x]= df nufO{Psf] lk8fn'jf6 %&) lSj6n lk8fn'sf] pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . afv|fx?sf] cfxf/sf] nflu #=(& x]S6/df nufO{Psf] asfO{gf], lsDj' / O{lkn O{lkn cfufdL jif{b]lv 3f; pTkfbg lng ;lsg] cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . ut jif{ pTkfbg ePsf] %&) lSj6n lk8fn' dWo] !@ So'= lk8fn'sf] lap !=^ x]=df o; jif{ nufO{Psf] 5 . afls %%* lSj6n lk8fn'n] !# 3/w'/Lsf k|lt 3/w'/L @ hf]8L a+u'/sf] nflu !) dlxgfsf] nflu bfgf v'jfpg k'u]sf] 5 .

#_ ;d'bfo4f/f pTkflbt ;fgf kz'x?sf] z'wf/LPsf] g:n / ;fgf kz'x?sf] ahf/ Aofj:yfkg ;xsf/L ;+:yf / d'n ;ldltjf6 ePsf] x'g] . ;fy} ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 ljz]if u/L dlxnf ;b:ox? ;xsfo{sf] efjgfn] ;fgf kz'x?sf] g:n z'wf/sf] ;fy;fy} s[lif tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;df ;ls|o ?kdf ;xeflu ePsf] x'g] .

nlIft ;d'bfosf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ a:t'x? - kz' cfxf/, le6fldg / cGo cf}iflbx?_ / ;d'bfo4f/f pTklbt !&$ j6f af]sfx? / !)$^ j6f j+u'/sf kf7fkf7Lsf] ;kmntfk'j{s ahf/ Aofj:yfkg ;xsf/L ;+:yf / slknj:t' gZn ;'wf/ d'n ;ldlt4f/f eO{/x]sf] 5 .

kz' pTkfbsf] ahf/ Aofj:yfkg ug{ slknj:t' gZn ;'wf/ d'n ;ldtsf] ljwfg tof/ eO{ btf{ ;d]t eO{;s]sf] 5 . ;d'x, d'n ;ldlt / ;xsf/Ldf ;d]t &% k|ltzt dlxnfx?sf] jrt ;+sng, kl/rfng / gZn z'wf/sf] If]qdf ;ls|o ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .

$_ ;fgf kz'x?sf] hLjg jLdf–ul/ hLjg ;'/lIft ePsf] x'g] . cfof]hgfaf6 ljt/0f ePsf ;Dk'0f{ j+u'/, af]sfx? / j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgfaf6 ljt/0f ul/Psf j+u'/sf kf7f kf7Lx? s[lif a=p= ;xsf/L ;+:yf=ln n] kz' aLdf ;+rfng sfo{ljlw –@)^^ nfu' ul/ ;f]lx sfo{ljlw cg'?k ljdf ul/;s]sf] ;fy} ;d'bfodf ePsf cGo kz'x?df ;d]t ladf ug]{ sfd ;+rfng eO{/x]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfaf6 ljt/0f ul/Psf $ a6f af]sf / $ j6f j+u'/sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . @ j6f af]sf cg'Tkfbs ePsf 5g\ . j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgf af6 ljt/0f ul/Psf $ j6f j+u'/sf] ;d]t d[To' ePsf] 5 . d[To' ePsf ;Dk'0f{ kz'x?sf] kz' aLdf ;+frfng sfo{ljlw –@)^^ cg'?k ^) k|ltzt Ifltk'lt{ k|bfg ul/;lsPsf] 5 .

%_ ;|f]t AoflSt / ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] ljsf; x'g] . ;|f]ts]Gb|sf] ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu @ hgfn] u|f=k=:jf=sfo{stf{sf] tflnd ;DkGg ul/ ;fd'bflos e]6 lSnlgs

;+rfng ul/ ;s]]sf 5g\ ;fy} cGo b'O{ uf=lj=;=df ;d]t Pu|f]e]6n] ;xof]u k|fKt u/]sf]n] cfof]hgf ;+rflnt If]qdf kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf k|efjsf/L ePsf] 5 .

^_ Ifdtf clej[l4 / ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g] . s[ifs :tl/o tflnd lkmN8df g} Jofjx/Ls ?kn] ;DkGg eO{;s]]sf]n] s[ifsx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ePsf] 5 ;fy}

d'n ;ldltdf kbflwsf/Lx? ;d]t ;xeflutfTds cg'udg tyf cfGtl/s d'Nof+sg k4ltdf ;fd]n ePsf]n] / cGo ljleGg uf]li7 tyf 5nkmndf ;d]t ;xeflu ePsf]n] d'n ;ldlt tyf ;d'xx?sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; x'b} ;d]t uPsf] 5 .


Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks !=!_;fgf kz'x? -af]sf / a+u'/_ ljt/0f

@)^^kmfNu'gdf ;DkGg -j+u'/ )^^sflQsdf / af]sf )^^ kmfNu'gdf ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof]_ . ;fgf kz'x? -af]sf / a+u'/_ ljt/0f ug]{ sfd ;kmntf k'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] / xfn ljt/0f ul/Psf ;Dk'0f{ af]sf tyf j+u'/n] ;le{; k|bfg ul//x]sf 5g\ / d'n ;ldltn] cGt k|hgg\ /f]Sgsf] nflu cf=j=@)^&÷)^* sf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;sdf af]sfx? Pp6f ;d'x af6 csf]{ ;d'xdf kl/jt{g u/]sf] 5 .

!=@_Aoal:yt ;'wfl/Psf] vf]/ lgdf{0f

cfof]hgf af6 ljt/0f ul/Psf ;fgf kz'x?sf] nflu @)^^ kmfNu'gdf ;DkGg -j+u'/sf] nflu )^^ sflQsdf / af]sfsf] nflu )^^ kmfNu'gdf lgdf0f{ ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof]_ . bf];|f] jif{sf] klxnf] rf}dfl;s cjlwdf j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgfsf] nflu @^ j6f vf]/ cfof]hgfsf] k|fljlws / s[ifsx?sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] / ;d'xsf cGo ;b:ox?nfO{ a+u'/sf] vf]/ agfpgsf] nflu cfaZos k|fljlws ;xof]u cfof]hgf l6d4f/f lg/Gt/ ?kdf eO{/x]sf] 5 .

!=#_j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgfaf6 j+u'/ ljt/0f .

cf=j=@)^&÷)^*sf] klxnf] rf}dfl;s -@)^& sflQs_ cjlwdf @^ 3/w'/LnfO{ j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgf af6 j+u'/sf] kf7f kf7L ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] / j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgf af6 #@ 3/w'/L nfO{ kf7f kf7L ljt/0f ug]{ nIo /x]klg # j6f j+u'/sf] d[To' ePsf]n] / Ifltk'lt{ k|bfg ul/ k'gM vl/b ePsf j+u'/x? JofO{ g;s]sf] x'gfn] ^ j6f 3/w'/LnfO{ pQm rf}dfl;sdf kf7f kf7L ljt/0f ug{ ;lsPsf] lyPg .

cf=j=@)^&÷)^*,sf] t];|f] rf}dfl;s df ^ 3/w'/LnfO{ ljt/0f ul/g]5 .

@=!_3f“; k|j{4g af]sf tyf afv|fsf] nflu %=(& x]S6/df 8fn] 3f; k|j4g / j+u'/sf] nflu !=^ x]S6/df lk8fn' / t?nsf] k|j4g ug]{ nIo /x]klg 8fn] 3f; -asfO{gf], O{lkn–O{lkn,lsDa'_ #=(& x]S6/df / j+u'/sf] nflu !=*( x]S6/df lk8fn'sf] k|j4g ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} ;d'bfodf ePsf] cGo 3f;sf] sf6 5f6 / ;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{ ;d]t eO{/x]sf] 5 . cf=j=@)^&÷)^* df !=^ x]=df lk8fn'sf]sf] k|j4g ePsf] 5 .

#=!_ d'n ;ldlt u7g / ;+rfng

@)^^ ebf} #) df slknj:t' gZn z'wf/ d'n ;ldlt u7g eO{ @)^^ kmfNu'gdf d'n ;dlt lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, slknj:t' df btf{ eO{;s]sf] 5 .

lhNnf l:yt lgsfPx?sf] sf/0fn] btf{ l7nf] ePsf] lyof] .

$=!_ ;fgf kz'x?sf] jLdf ug]{

cfof]hgf cGt{ut ljt/0f ul/Psf j+u'/sf] @)^^ sflQsdf, af]sfsf] @)^^ kmfNu'gdf / j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgfaf6 ljt/0f ul/Psf j+u'/sf @^ hf]8L kf7f kf7Lsf] s[ifsx?n] g} lk|ldod a'emfpg] u/L kz' ljdf ;+rfng sfo{ljlw @)^^ cg';f/ @)^& sflQsdf ljdf ug]{ sfo{ ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . xfn ;Dd cfof]hgf af6 ljt/0f ul/Psf $ a6f af]sf / * a6f j+u'/sf] d[To' ePsf] / @ j6f af]sf cg'Tkfbs ePsf]n] ;DjlGwt ;d'xx?nfO{ kz' ljdf ;+rfng sfo{ljlw @)^^ cg'?k Ifltk'lt{ k|bfg ul/ ;lsPsf] 5 .

cGo cfof]hgf If]qdf ePsf ;fgf kz'x?sf] lg/Gt/ aLdf x'g] sfd eO{/x]sf] 5 .

%=!_ @ hgfnfO{ u|f=k=:jf= sfo{stf{ tflnd

@)^^ ebf}df #% lbg] u|fld0f kz' :jf:Yo sfo{stf{sf] tflnd ;kmntf k'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] / xfn ;Dd b'a} hgf u|f=k=:jf= sfof{stf{n] cfof]hgf If]q / ;6]sf uf=lj=;= df kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf 5g\ .


Activities Progress status Remarks %=@_ $ j6f e]6]l/g]l/ lSnlgs ;+rfng

@)^^ sflQsdf ;Dk'0f{ lSnlgs x?nfO{ lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/; cg';f/ cfly{s ;xof]u ul/Psf] lyof] . sf]kjf uf=lj=; df l:yt Pp6f ;fd'bflos e]6 lSnlgs ;+rfng ul//x]sf] u|f=k=:jf=sf=n] kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf k|jfx ug{ g;s]sf]n] df]ltk'/ #, jgufO{sf] :yfflgo u|f=k=:jf=sf=af6 kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf k|jfx eO{/x]sf] 5 .

^=!=!_ ;fgf kz'x?sf] gZn ;'wf/ 3f“; k|j{4g ;DjlGw tflnd .

@)^^ c;f]hdf ;kmntf k'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] / tflnd :yflgo :t/d} Jofjxfl/s tl/sfn] k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . tflnd $ uf=lj=; df !( k6s #* lbg ;Dd ;+rfng ePsf] lyof] .

^=!=@_;d'x / ;xsf/L Jofj:yfkg ;DjlGw tflnd

@)^^ ebf}df ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . tflnd $ uf=lj=; df !( k6s #* lbg ;Dd ;+rfng ePsf] lyof] .

^=@_ljleGg uf]li7x? ^=@=!_cled'lvs/0f uf]li7 @)^^ ;fpgdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ^=@=@_;fj{hlgs ;fdflhs kl/If0f

jflif{s cfly{s tyf k|fljlws k|ultsf] ;fj{hlgs/0f @)^& c;f/ dlxgfdf ul/Psf] lyof] . cfufdL ;fj{hlgs ;dflhs kl/If0f @)^* c;f/ dlxgfdf sfof{Gjog x'g]5 .

^=@=#_ s[ifs lbj; / Pkm=Pd 4f/f k|;f/0f

cf=j=@)^^÷)^& sf] s[ifs lbj; @)^& c;f/ dlxgfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] / bf];|f] cf=j=@)^&÷)^*sf] c;f/ dlxgfdf sfof{Gjog x'g]5 .

^=@=$_sfo{s|d x:tfGt/0f bf];|f] jif{-cf=j@)^&÷)^*_=sf] t];|f] rf}dfl;s -@)^* cf;f/_ df ;DkGg x'g] .

&_ cg'udg / d'No+fsg @)^^kmfNu'g !* / !( ut] lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfo{no, slknj:t'sf sfof{no k|d'v >L /fh ls;f]/ ofbj Ho' af6, @)^^ sflQs !^ ut] gf8]{km,sf7df8f}+sf df6f] a}1flgs >L leid l3ld/] Ho' 4f/f, @)^&c;f]h @@ ut]sf lbg gf8]{km, sf7df8f}+sf jl/i6 sfo{s|d clws[t >L ;+s/ ;fksf]6f Ho' 4f/f, @)^*a}iffs !! / !@ ut]sf lbg gf8]{km, sf7df8f}+sf s[lif clws[t >L 8f=k|a]h cfnd 4f/f cg'udg / d'Nofsg ePsf] lyof] . cGo ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnf x?af6 klg ;do ;dodf cg'udg / d'Nof+sg eO{ cfof]hgf l6d tyf ;+:yf nfO{ k[i7kf]if0f k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 .

k|To]s rf}dfl;sdf cfof]hgf ;+of]hs, d'n ;ldlt / ;+:yfsf] sfo{;ldlt4f/f lgoldt ?kdf cfof]hgfsf] cg'udg / d'Nof+sg ePsf] 5.

*_ k|ltj]bg k|To]s rf}dfl;sdf lgoldt ?kdf k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L gf8]{km, sf7df8f}+, lh=k=;]=sf=slknj:t' / l8=;=sf=, slknj:t'df lbg] sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 .

(_cGo ;3+;+:yf ;+u ;d+Gjog

lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfjZostf cg';f/ kz' ljsf; kmfd{, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no / cGo lglh ;+:yf ;+u ;dGj+og eO{/x]sf] 5 .

ACHIEVEMENTS :

o; cfof]hgfdf dlxnf ;xeflutf %) k|ltzt x'g] nIo /x]sf]df ;d'x tyf ;xsf/Ldf art ;+sng / kl/rfngdf &% k|ltzt, ljleGg uf]li7Lx?df $% k|ltzt, ;d'x, d'n ;ldlt / ;xsf/Lsf] sfo{;ldlt tyf cGo dxTjk'0f{ kbdf #% k|ltzt lkmN8df g} ul/g] gZn z'wf/ ;DjlGw ljleGg s[ofsnfksf] sfof{Gjogdf &% k|ltzt dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .

u'0f:t/o'Qm af]sfx?4f/f xfn ;Dd !^(& j6f afv|fdf k|hgg\ eO{;s]sf] 5g\ . h;dWo] &%) afv|fx? JofO{ !$)$ j6f kf7f kf7L hGdLPsf 5g\ . hlGdPsf ;Dk'0f{ kf7f kf7LDff %) k|ltzt hflto z'4tf sfod ePsf] 5 . k|yd k':tfdf hlGdPsf !(@ j6f kf7Lx? k'gM u'0f:tl/o af]sf4f/f k|hgg\ eO{;s]sf 5g\ . klxnf] k':tfsf kf7Lx? k'gM k|hgg\ eO{;s]sf]n] cfufdL @)^* c;f/ dlxgf b]vL &% k|ltzt hflto z'4tf ePsf kf7f kf7Lsf] hGd x'g]5 .


xfn ;Dd ;d'x leq !** j+u'/ k|hgg\ eO{ !$# j6f j+u'/ JofO{;s]sf 5g\ . h;jf6 ^(( kf7f / ^^# kf7L u/L s'n hDdf !#^@ j6f kf7f kf7Lsf] hGdLPsf]df !)$^ j6f j+u'/ lals| eO{;s]sf] 5 . To;} ul/ ;d'x aflx/ @%% k|hgg\ ePsf j+u'/ dWo] @!! j+u'/ JofO{;s]sf 5g\ . h;jf6 !(*( j6f kf7f kf7L hlGdPsf]df !%%) j6f kf7f kf7L lals| eO{;s]sf] 5 .

xfn ;Dd :yfgLo afv|faf6 klxnf] k':tfdf hlGdPsf !&$j6f kf7f kf7Lsf] lalsaf6 / !^(& j6f afv|fdf k|hgg\ eP jfkt cz'n ePsf] k|hgg\ z'Ns af6 ? !$=*! cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 . o;/L afv|f kfns s[ifsx?sf] nflu k|lt 3/w'/L ? $!!$=@# kfl/jfl/s cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 . eg] j+u'/ kfns s[ifsx?n] ;d'x leq ? #%=^( nfv / ;d'x aflx/ ? #*=&% nfv cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 . o;/L xfn ;Dd ;d'x leq k|lt 3/w'/L ? #!=*& xhf/ kfl/jfl/s cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 .

cfof]hgf z'? ug'{ eGbf klxnf o; If]qdf j+u'/sf kf7f kf7Lx?df d[To' b/ !%–@) k|ltzt /x]sf]df xfn pQm d[To' b/ !)=*)# k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 .

o; If]qdf cfof]hgfsf] z'?df cf}ift # j6f afv|fx? kfNg] u/]sf]df xfn cf}ift $j6f k|lt 3/w'/L afv|f kfNg] u/]sf 5g\ h;sf sf/0f o; If]qdf afv|f kfns s[ifssf] ;fy} afv|fx?sf] ;+Vofdf @% k|ltzt a[l4 ePsf] 5 .

af]sf tyf afv|fsf] nflu #=(& x]S6/df 8fn] 3f; k|j4g / j+u'/sf] nflu cf=j=@)^^÷)^& df !=^ x]S6/df / o; cf=j=@)^&÷)^* df !=^ x]S6/df lk8fn'sf] k|j4g ePsf] 5 . ut cf=j=df !=*( x]= df nufO{Psf] lk8fn'jf6 %&) lSj6n lk8fn'sf] pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . pQm lk8fn'n] j+u'/sf] *) k|ltzt cfxf/f k'/f u/]sf] 5 .

$ uf=lj=;=sf] nflu ! j6f slknj:t' gZn ;'wf/ d'n ;ldltsf] :yfkgf, btf{ / ;+rfng ePsf] 5 , &% k|ltzt dlxnf4f/f ;d'x tyf ;xsf/Ldf jrt ;+sng tyf kl/rfng ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;fy} ;xsf/L ,d'n ;ldlt / ;d'xsf] dxTjk'0f{ kb-cWoIf,sf]ifWoIf / ;lrj_ df ;d]t dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .

slknj:t' gZn ;'wf/ d'n ;ldlt4f/f s'n !@@) j6f af]sf / j+u'/sf kf7f kf7Lx?sf] ;fy} ;fgf kz'x?sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg bfgf, cf}iflwx?sf] ;kmntfk'j{s ahf/ Jofj:yfkg u/]sf] 5 .

ljt/0f ul/Psf ztk|ltzt ;fgf kz'x?sf] / j+u'/ pkxf/ of]hgf cGt{ut ljt/0f ul/Psf ;Dk'0f{ j+u'/fsf kf7f kf7Lx?sf] ;fy} ;d'bfosf cGo ;fgf kz'x?sf] aLdf ;+frfng sfo{ljlw –@)^^ cg';f/ aLdf ePsf] 5 . d[To' ePsf / cg'Tkfbs ePsf kz'x?sf] Ifltk'lt{ klg k|bfg eO{/x]sf] 5 .

@ uf=lj=;= df ;fd'bflos e]6 lSnlgs4f/f / @ uf=lj=;= df Pu|f]e]64f/f ul/ s'n $ j6f lSnlgs4f/f kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf k|jfx eO{/x]sf] 5 . @ hgf u|f=k=:jf= sfo{stf{n] nlIft 3/w'/L afx]s cGo kz'kfns 3/w'/Ldf ;d]t kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf k|jfx ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;fd'bflos e]6 lSnlgsx?n] nlIft ;d'xx?df &%k|ltzt 3/w'/Lsf] kz'x?sf] pkrf/sf] ;fy} cGo kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf k|efj ul//x]sf] 5 .

$&@ hgfn] @ lbgsf] kz' kfng ;DjlGw,$&@ hgfn] ;xsf/L / ;d'x Jofj:yfkg ;DjlGw / !%^ hgf ljleGg uf]li7x? -cled'lvs/0f uf]li7, ;fj{hgLs ;fdflhs kl/If0f / s[ifs lbj; _ df / !% hgf ;xeflutfTds cg'udg / d'Nof+sgdf ;xefuL ePsf 5g\ .

xfn ;Dd @& j6f kz' kfns ;d'xsf] / slknj:t' gZn ;'wf/ d'n ;ldltsf] ;+:yfut IfdQfdf j[l4 x'g'sf] ;fy} lhNnf l:yt nfO{g Ph]lG; ;+u ;DjGw lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .


Project Title: MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF POST SLAUGHTER PRACTICES APPLIED

FOR EXTENDING THE SHELF LIFE OF GOAT MEAT AT SLAUGHTER AND RETAIL MARKET

Project No: NARDF 603/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Basnet, Hom Bahadur, Ph.D. (Microbiology), Assistant Professor Address: Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur Campus, Rampur,

Chitwan, Nepal (IAAS), Rampur Campus, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Telephone: 056-592369/591136; Mobile 9855059268 Fax: 056-522245 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations:

None

Start Date: January 01, 2010 End Date: December 31, 2012 Project Cost: NRs. 29,80,237/- (Nepalese Rupees twenty nine lakhs, eighty thousands, two

hundred thirty seven only) Location of Project: • Main project site: Rampur, Chitwan

• Sample Collection Sites: Goat butchers and goat meat sellers of Chitwan, Kathmandu, Kaski, Rupandehi and Makawanpur district.

• Laboratory Analysis: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Academic Institute

• Experimental treatments: Livestock Farm/Lab

PROJECT SUMMARY None of Nepalese post slaughter practices have been backed up with adequate scientific researches.

So, this project targets at scientifically testing, validating and justifying the better applied practices that we have been using around at our local circumstances. The research begins with on site sample collection of meat and water at five major locations of hills and terai of central Nepal. The samples will be analyzed microbiologically followed by set up and execution of the experiments at a farm condition near the lab. The transfer of technology to the concerned stakeholders will be done via applicable media such as technical papers/articles/reports for the scientific communities; posters and pictorial presentations to the butchers and pamphlets/leaflets/flyers to the consumers. Means of mass communication will also be used for disseminating the outputs. The effect of the output will be seen at the field level when local goat butchers will have uniformity in applying the scientifically proven practice and will feel the changes that will have been incurred in the keeping quality and extended shelf life of goat meat. The prevailing situation of the microbial contamination level in goat meat, seasonal variation will have been quantified in this research. Study also reflects the importance of season, temperature, humidity, pH in keeping quality and self life of goat meat. Interrelation water used during slaughter and dressing is another aspect of this study. Awareness of meat born diseases to butchers and retailers is another aspect of this study.

BACKGROUND No commodity can remain immune: BSE scares in beef in the UK, dioxin worries in chicken from Europe, E. coli contamination in meat processed from Vancouver, staphylococcus contamination of milk in Japan and residues of pesticides in organic tea and honey from Nepal. Animals are slaughtered locally and without any regulated inspection practices in Nepal. Different practices are used on the goat carcase in spite of none of them having any strong scientific foundation to prove their efficacy in terms of their ability to decrease the microbial load in meat and at the same time increase the shelf life of such meat. Food producers, whether it be those that work on-farm or at the processing plants, have a moral and legal obligation to ensure that their products are safe and hazards free. Majority of Nepalese citizens are Hindu and are religiously bound to eat goat meat which is considered as a delicacy in Nepalese setting. In order to increase the self life and retain the meat quality, post slaughter practices such as application of ash with turmeric powder, oil and turmeric powder, or ash and turmeric


powder cooked in oil and quicklime, etc., are being locally practiced, slaughtering either by Jhatka and Halal method. The slaughtered goat is then either deskined or kept intact on the slaughter table or by hanging on the horizontal bar. Sometimes carcase is sold as parts made into heaps of flesh including the meat and viscera which is by most of the butchers covered by wet pieces of clothes. Very few of the butchers keep the carcase in the freezer before sale. It also creates the strong viable market of meat through consumers’ confidence and provides a better quality product consistently. Study finally adds to food safety ensuring the availability of quality meat using the existing post slaughter practices of meat/carcase preservation.

PROJECT PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Although many traditional meat preservation and processing techniques are used by Nepalese people and butchers to increase the shelf-life of the meat, still it is unclear which method is better. Moreover, Nepalese people and butchers in general are not aware of meat quality assurance. There are many micro-organisms that cause spoilage in meat, reduce the shelf life and quality as well. Till now it is the hidden cause of meat deterioration. The main purpose of this project is to assess the different post slaughter practices related to goat meat before, during and after sales. Moreover the study will enumerate the bacterial load and evaluate the influence of temperature, humidity, seasonal influence and geographical location on the quality of goat meat. One of the biggest factors encouraging the food industry to adopt quality assurance programs is the shift in public attitude and awareness of their food. After adoption of better practice supply of quality meat products is more consistent and end product will be of better quality. It will also eliminate the occurrence of rejected products, reduce the quality failure costs and ultimately reduce the incidence of meat born diseases.

BENEFICIARIES The target groups of this project to implement assessed, tested and identified practice to preserve and increase quality and shelf life of goat meat at the goat meat butchers and meat retailers of the research site at various locations. The primary beneficiaries of the output of the project will be the goat butchers. They will be having an opportunity to follow the locally practiced traditional technique, justified and validated with authentic laboratory analysis for improving the shelf-life and minimizing the quality deterioration of goat meat. Researchers, academic institution such as IAAS/HICAST (involved in teaching, learning, research and extension process) and quality control unit of DFTQC, DLS, NARC, post graduate and undergraduate students of animal science, meat science and food technology will be secondary beneficiaries. Concerned stakeholders will be benefited by one day workshop organized at project sites. The ultimate beneficiaries are the consumers who will consume quality goat meat.

OBJECTIVELY VERIFIABLE INDICATORS (OVIS)

Output 1 By the end of first year, survey of 500 goat butchers and retailers performed at the project sites

Output 2 By the end of first year, 500 meats samples (collected in triplicates) and single water samples used for processing, will be collected from the project site and analyzed for microbial load

Output 3 By the end of second year collected 500 (250 in winter and 250 in summer) meat samples and six trial groups (at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours of time interval with 3 replications) of experimentally executed carcase using different post slaughter practices studied for seasonal variation in microbial load, shelf life and keeping quality

Output 4 Two better post slaughter practices identified on the basis of microbial load, physical characters (colour, smell, appearance etc) of meat. By the end of project; 125 butchers of project sites adopted the tested, identified, and disseminated practices. Better post slaughter practices of goat meat will be disseminated through training, workshop, seminar, technical papers booklet, pamphlet/leaflets/flyers, posters, and mass media like newspaper, radio, FM, TV etc.


UP-SCALING PATHWAYS The promotional pathways for the uptake of research results are the existing extension network of

DFTQC, DLSO, municipality, butchers association, consumers’ forum and Directorate of Extension and Social Mobilization of IAAS and similar responsible departments of other academic institutes like HICAST and Nepal Polytechnic Institute, Bhojad Chitwan.

The practice which will evaluate and test for its efficacy increasing the self life and keeping quality of goat meat will minimize the microbial load and finally increase consumer’s preference for the quality goat meat. It will in turn decrease the human health hazard related to meat born zoonoses.

The findings of the research on better practices of goat meat processing and preservation will be disseminated through, workshop, visits, publication, mass media (FM, radio and newspaper), training, technical report, leaflet/pamphlets/flyers. It will create awareness and interest among butchers, consumers’ forum, extension and development agencies and researchers about the adoption of better indigenous techniques. The DLSO, DLS and municipality will be involved in all workshop/training, field visits to share the output of the project.


Targeted Outputs: The project aims at recommending a better post slaughter practices of goat meat by comparing various

such practices being used locally at the project sites and by performing a lab analysis of those practices (in replication) to arrive at a justifiable results which will be made available to key individuals and organizations. The output will quantify the influence of various practices on the holding time, shelf life, and quality deterioration of goat meat by various factors. Different factors like temperature, humidity, pH, season and slaughtering practices will als0 have significant role in keeping quality and self life of meat. The tangible implication will be regarded as the adoption of the prescribed methodology which will be found to maximize the shelf life under local conditions and minimize the meat quality deterioration due to microbial contamination. The butchers will be happy to adopt such techniques. Extension materials such as pamphlets, brochures and booklets will be produced and distributed among the butchers of project site. The following four outputs are expected to achieve the purpose of the project.

Output 1 Existing common post slaughter practices in Chitwan, Kathmandu, Kaski, Makawanpur and Rupandehi (project sites) assessed

Output 2 Effect of humidity, pH & temperature during sample collection on the microbial load, food quality, safety (microbial contamination) and shelf life of goat meat originating from goats of hills and terai, preserved using various techniques and microbial load of water samples collected from project sites assessed

Output 3 Microbial contamination and seasonal variation of goat meat processed with local practices; is identified by experimental execution in the lab/farm setting. Effect of temperature, humidity and pH also identified. Shelf life test and quality control tests also performed simultaneously.

Output 4 Assessed, tested, and identified better post slaughter practices with regards to goat meat disseminated

PROJECT STATUS REPORTS:

Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Review of the articles and preparing project’s strategic

norms to implement activities Completed in April, 2010

1.2 Preliminary meeting and site selection to identify prevalent post slaughter practices of goat meat in butcher and retailer

Completed in April, 2010

1.3 Visit to goat meat butchers and baseline questionnaire survey at research sites


Butchers reluctant to share information

1.4 Training and orientation about the project concept to the Completed in Program was effective but


participants in project sites and academic institutions August, 2010 expectation of daily allounce

2.1 Sample collection with reference to existing post slaughter goat meat dressing practices

Completed in December, 2010

Reluctant to provide meat and water sample/expectation of result

2.2 Microbial investigation of goat meat through total viable count, Coliform and Enterococcosal count, and identification of E. coli, Salmonella sps, Enterococci sps and Campylobacter sps.

Completed

2.3 Microbial investigation of water used for cleaning and sanitation and finding seasonal variation

Completed

3.1 Meeting for monitoring and evaluation and to determine norms and regulation for further experiment

Completed

3.2 Selection and purchase of experimental castrated male goats

Completed

3.3 Setting of the experiments and its execution in the lab/livestock farm in summer

Completed

3.4 Re-perform the microbial study, and perform the quality and shelf life test in summer.

Completed

3.5 Setting of the experiments and its execution in the lab/livestock farm in winter

Completed

3.6 Re-perform the microbial study, and perform the quality and shelf life tests in winter.

Completed

4.1 Review of the second year and analysis of the information and technical findings for generation of scientific output

Ongoing

4.2 Training, seminars and workshop about the project output to the concerned stakeholders

Targeted for May-August 2012

4.3 Selection of participating butchers for implementation of the results

Targeted for May-August 2012

4.4 Review overall project activities and record keeping Ongoing 4.5 Publication Ongoing

ACHIEVEMENTS / FINDINGS 1. Almost all butchers (more than 91%) purchase male goat for the meat from other and very few (less

than 4%) goats are from their own. Meat seller from Chitwan , Kathmandu and Rupandehi sells about 40% of local goat meat and where as meat seller from Makawanpur and Kaski sell almost 80% local goat meat. About 21% of meat seller sells both local and exotic goat meat.

2. Butchers from Kathmandu applied Jhatka method mostly (89%) where as Butcher from Rupandehi and Kaski apply Halal (74 and 71%) method of slaughtering. Butcher from Makawanpur apply both method (33%) significantly, where as Buther from Chitwan apply other methods (27%) along with Halal method (38%) and Jhatka (34%) slaughtering methods.

3. Majority of the butcher from Chitwan, Kathmandu, Rupandehi and Kaski answered that they dispose affected part only if they observe abnormality in any organ or part, where as butchers from Chitwan (5%), Kaski (2%) and Kathmandu (1%) told that they dispose the entire carcass if they found abnormality in organ /part after slaughter.

4. Majority of the butchers from study area do not treat water with any chemicals or sanitizer only few butchers from Chitwan (14%), Kathmandu 11%, Rupandehi (4%), Makawanpur (3%) and Kaski (1%) treat water used in meat. Potash (potassium permagnate) was used by some butchers to treat water. Some butcher told that they have been using filter water to clean carcass.


5. Majority of the butchers from all study sites have been using Surf and soap to clean meat soap floor; most of them use surf and soap separately where as some of them use in combination. Very surprising thing is that 14% of butcher of Kathmandu do not use any cleaning chemical to clean floor of goat meat soap.

6. Butcher from Chitwan (61%), Makawanpur (52%), Rupandehi(39%), Kathmandu (34%) and Kaski (23%) use fly repellent to control the flies on meat and meat shop.

7. Butchers from Makawanpur and Rupandehi clean meat soap floor everyday where as butchers from Kathmandu (97%), Kaski (95%) and Chitwan (92%) clean their meat soap floor daily and rest of others weekly.

8. Majority of the butcher from Kathmandu (83%), Kaski(63%), Makawanpur(49%), Rupandehi (44%) and Chitwan (40%) display meat on table top, where as Makawanpur (52%), Rupandehi (50%), Chitwan (39%), Kaski (31%) and Kathmandu (9%) display goat meat by hanging.

9. In Pokhara (Kaski) and Kathmandu 15% and 13% meat seller store meat till 36 hours in winter respectively where as in summer 2% and 3% meat seller only store unsold meat till 36 hours. Meat sellers of Rupandehi and Makawanpur do not store unsold meat more than 12 hours in summer but 7% of Makawanpur meat seller store unsold meat till 24 hours where as Rupandehi goat meat seller do not store more than 12 hours. Majority of meat seller do not store unsold meat more than 12 hours either in winter or in summer.

10. More than 91% of meat seller from all study area use fridge to store unsold meat and very few meat seller (3%) store unsold meat in normal place and others.

11. In over all knowledge of zoonotic diseases with meat sellers of study area is very poor. Kaski (95%), Kathmandu (92%), Rupandehi (91%), Makawanpur (85%) and chitwan (72%) meat seller do not have knowledge of zoonosis. Among the study area 28% of meat sellers of Chitwan, 15% of Makawanpur and below 10% of Rupandehi, Kathmandu and Kaski have knowledge of zoonotic diseases.

12. Meat sellers of Rupandehi (39%), Chitwan (25%), Makawanpur ((24%), Kaski (10%) and Kathmandu (3%) removes skin of carcass and 52% of Makawanpur, 46% of chitwan, 44% of Rupandehi, 23% of Kathmandu and 8% of Kaski meat seller apply skin application on the dressed carcass.

13. Most of the meat seller apply skin application for good appearance followed by killing microbes, prevent drying, to make tasty and to burn hair. Kski and Makawanpur meat sellers also focused skin application against drying and meat seller Kathmandu also focused on taste of meat a cause of skin application. Meat sellers of Rupandehi, Chitwan, Makawanpur and Kathmandu focused the cause of skin application is to kill microbes.

14. A total of seven trainings cum survey report sharing program in different project sites (Kathmandu, Kaski, Makawanpur, Rupandehi and Chitwan) and academic institutions (IAAS and HiCAST) were conducted to aware about the projects to Goat meat sellers, District livestock Service office and municipality staff as well as students, staff and teachers. A total of about 600 participants were participated in the training in an average of about 85 participants in each training. Food technologist from Department of Food technology and Quality Control (DFTQC) were present in all trainings except at HiCAST in Sanothimi, Bhaktapur. Experts disseminated the knowledge and skills required for goat meat sellers to the participants. Almost all team members and veterinarians from the district livestock service Office and other organizations were participated and shared their knowledge in the training. Power Point Presentation of the survey report, analysis of that survey report, clearing concept of the project to the participants were beautiful parts of the training. Interaction with the participants from Kathmandu, Pokhara and Chitwan was highly appreciable. Participation of chief of DLSO from all project sites during the training as well as Dean of IAAS, Campus chief of Rampur campus, Director of veterinary program of HiCAST and acting chief of Bharatpur Municipality were also appreciable parts of the training at that sites.

It was an excellent program which could deliver message to Meat Seller of Project sites, and teachers, staff and students of veterinary academic institutions about facts happening in five major districts representing major cities and Terai about meat production as well as how to improve


procedure (Meat Chain) to produce and supply quality meat. Orientation training and survey report sharing was satisfactorily completed.

15. For microbial investigation sample collection and laboratory work from all five districts has been completed.

16. More than 85% of water sample collected from experimental sites were contaminated and 100% of meat sample was having one or other type of bacteria.

17. Male goats have been already purchased to execute experimental work at lab for microbial investigation and self life of meat.

18. Experimental Study in summer indicates that microbial load is being increased as the duration of storage increased when carcase was kept room temperature (outside) where as microbial load is almost same when it is kept in refrigerator.

19. Odor and flavor of meat kept in deep freeze was almost no change when it was kept 24 hours in deep freeze but hardness, and exudativeness increased when it was kept in room temperature during summer.

20. Panel test of cooked meat in summer reveals that there was no significant decrease or increase in juiciness, odor, flavor and tenderness even it was kept for 24 hours in deep freeze where as in case of meat kept in room temperature; odor and tenderness increased but juiciness remained almost same. Preference of deep freeze meat was higher but it was negative in majority members in case of meat kept in room temperature.

21. Panel test result of raw meat in summer revels that meat kept in deep freeze found almost in same condition even after 24 hours as well as microbial count hardly increase five times than 0 hours period but meat kept in room temperature was found almost 1000 times more microbial load than zero hour sampling. Preference was higher in meat kept in deep freeze. In same way cooked meat panel test result revels almost all test members prefers meat kept in deep freeze

22. Result of experimental study in summer is in process and will be analyzed and plotted in next report.

Thank You


Project Title: Promoting farmers level production and utilization of bio-

pesticides for vegetable farming.

Project No: 604/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Sabitri Baral Address: 67, Akash Bhairab Marg, Gyneswor, Kathmandu- 1 Nepal

Telephone: Tel. +977-1-5541610 Fax: Email: E-mail: [email protected] .np Collaborating organisations: The collaborating partners of this Projects are :

1. District Agriculture Development Office Chundevi, Bhaktpur 2. The IPM farmers Committee, Bhaktpur

Start Date: July 2009 End Date: July 2011 Project Cost: NRs. 1184949 (NARDFcontribution NRs 986883) Location of Project: Bageswori and Sudal VDC of Bhaktpur

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background: The bio-pesticides are derived from the naturally occurring microbes, plants and plant products (animals, plants, microorganisms and certain minerals). They may be inert substances or living organisms that suppress the population of pests. These can be mass produced and applied in much the same way as synthetic insecticides. Bio-pesticides produce no or minimum effect on environment, because it has inherent ability to either quickly decompose or establish naturally thus helping in sustainable pest management. Pest organisms are major constraints to crop production, destroying 30% of potential food, feed and fibre production worldwide. Farmers have increasingly become dependent on pesticides to assure their yield. Excessive use of pesticide have resulted many undesirable concerns, such as health hazards to farmers and consumers, ecological disruption and environmental pollution and raising the production costs. Applying the IPM strategy is presently the most promising option to minimize these problems. This approach combines several control methods and one of them is biological control. Biological control involves using and manipulating natural enemies of pest's viz. predators, parasitoids and pathogens. 20 trainers and plant protection professionals for IPM through applied biological control were developed with the help of a project funded by NUFFIC and technical assistance of Wagenigen International, the Netherlands. Participants of this training tested the available bio-control agents in the field through action research. They were taken to Thailand for study tour for their better understanding of different aspects of biological control. These efforts have built confidence among participants towards production and promotion of biopesticides and bio-control agents in Nepal. With this background, this project is proposed for a follow up project to scale up the learning's and skills for production and multiplication of bio-control agents locally in Nepal, so that natural resources and environment are protected as well as sustainable utilization of natural resources take place.

Project Purpose/Objectives Very few farmers in Nepal seem to be acquainted with the biopesticides. Those who are acquainted with them are not using these materials. Farmer field school (FFS) participants are promoting biopesticides marginally. Even most of the FFS participants are not familiar with them. Unavailability of biopesticides in time and loss of confidence among farmers regarding their efficacy (due to failure of earlier promotional efforts at farm level) are major constraints of adoption of biopesticides by farmers. Massive awareness campaign and promoting the farm level multiplication of bio pesticides including bio-agents (predators and parasitoids) are required to accelerate their adoption by farmers (Jha 2008)1


Thus, production of bio-control agents and action research facilities will be developed at two places in farmers venues in Bhaktapur District. 50 tomato growing farmers will be trained for production and multiplication of bio control agents like Trichoderma and Chrysoperla by the end of this project. Five sets of participatory action research will be carried out to test the efficacy of commercially available biopesticides in farmers' field. Ultimately, this project will develop a group of farmers having full confidence on effectiveness of bio-control agent. They will serve as an engine to advocate the benefits of bio-control leading to reduction of the use of hazardous chemical pesticides in vegetables. By the end of this project period at least 10% of the poly-house tomato growers will begin to use bio pesticides in tomato. At least 10 innovative farmers, farmer trainers and technicians of GOs and NGOs will be trained in different aspects of bio-intensive IPM and will become future facilitators for bio intensive farmer field school. Mass rearing of Chrysoperla (green lace wing), a predator of white flies and aphids (so far done only at NARC) are now taking place in Chitwan. Mass rearing in Bhaktapur and testing its efficacy in the field will serve to meet our objectives of up scaling the production and utilising it at farmers’ level. Beneficiaries The primary beneficiaries of this project will be the poly house tomato growers of Sudal and Bageshwori VDCs of Bhaktapur district. At least, 50 households of poly-house tomato growers will benefit directly from this project. And at least 150 households surrounding these project sites will be also benefit indirectly. Among them, at least 75% will be women. The secondary beneficiaries will be GOs/ NGOs technicians and farmer trainers involved in promotion of sustainable agriculture. At least 5 farmer facilitators as well as 3 junior technicians will directly benefit by learning the skill provided by this project. This project also creates partial employment opportunities for the Farmer Trainers already developed in this district. The distant beneficiaries would be the biopesticide resellers and the consumers as a whole. The people of surrounding VDCs will have a demonstration (show how) effect, so they are also the distant beneficiaries. The project also creates partial employment opportunities for the farmer facilitators already developed in this district. The environment of these sites will be safer, healthier, which is beneficial to the villagers of this community.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) The objectively verifiable indicators Output 1: Technically competent farmer level cadre for bio intensive IPM developed

o At least 50 farmers educated for promoting bio intensive IPM o At least 10 bio- intensive IPM farmer facilitators developed.

Output 2: Farmers managed bio-pesticide production facilities developed. o Two bio intensive field schools with simple facilities for bio-pesticide production

established and operationalised. o At least 3 times egg to egg rearing of Chrysoperla carnea completed and released to

farmers' field at least 5 times. o At least 10 farmers became able to rear Chrysoperla carnea at their premises and to

multiply fungal based microbial pesticides Output 3: Farm level generation of bio- control technologies disseminated to peripheral farmers and

advocated to stakeholders o At least 200 farmers from vicinity informed and exposed to bio -control techniques. o 200 technical booklets published and distributed o 50 technicians, scientists and policy makers will be made familiar with the process and

results of this project. Up-scaling Pathways This project will put farmers in action for the already verified production and utilisation of bio- pesticides, actually up scaling of the project outputs by the intended beneficiaries. This project has envisaged first to develop at least 50 technically competent farmer level cadres for bio-intensive IPM and 10 bio- intensive farmer facilitators. Second, it will develop two farmers managed bio- pesticides production facilities through Farmer field school approach. Here at least the green lace wing (Chrysoperla carnea) will be released five times; and 10 farmers become expert in rearing these predators and producing Trichoderma. Third, farm level generation of bio-control technologies disseminated to peripheral farmers and advocated to stakeholders. At


least, 200 farmers from the surroundings will be informed and exposed to bio-control techniques by conducting Farmers field day and lesson learnt workshops. At least, 200 technical booklets will be published and distributed. These publications will be mostly in Nepali so that farmers can easily use the information. TITAN will make these publications available to all those who wants to reproduce them.

About 50 or more technicians, scientists and policy makers will be made familiar with the results of this project. Outputs will be disseminated through DADO or directly from farmer to farmer. Facilities and technologies developed during this project period will be handed over to the farmers and follow up technical back up support will be provided by TITAN and DADO. Outputs of this project will reach the end users and will be sustained. Farmers Association collaborating in this project will have the ownership of the promotion pathways with the support from DADO and TITAN.

SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs: This project will put farmers in action for the production and utilization of bio-pesticides. This project has envisaged attaining the following three outputs for promoting bio-pesticides at farmer’s level to enhance the eco-friendly pest management. Output 1: Technically competent farmer level cadre for bio -intensive IPM developed. Output 2: Farmers managed bio-pesticide production facilities developed. Output 3: Farm level generation of bio-control technologies disseminated to peripheral farmers and advocated stakeholders. Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1. Orientation Training Completed on 30 - 31 Bhadra, 2066. Trimister report already

submitted 1.2 Motivation tour Completed on 29th Karti – 1st Mansir, 2066. Trimister report already

submitted 1.3.1 Training

curriculum development

Before the conduction of Bio-intensive IPM trainings, Course curriculum was developed through two succeeding meeting of concerned expert from DOA & NARC. First of all Two expert from NARC were assigned to prepare the preliminary draft of curriculum. After that other four expert were also involved to finalize and approve the curriculum.

Trimister report already submitted

1.3.2 Training conduction

This activity was completed during 16th -22nd of Falgun, 2067. Altogether 24 participants (20 leader farmers from targeted area of Bhaktpur, 2 JT of command area from DADO Bhaktpur, 1 JT from RPPL anf 1 JT from Regional Agricultur Directorate) are included in training. Most off the resource persons are invited for most of the practical class from NARC. Out of 7 days of training period 2 days were field day for field visit & practical. These are the important class covered during training periods:

1) Major disease of Tomato & their control measures

2) Role of pathogen to supress disease and pest of vegetable crops

3) Natural control: the balance in nature 4) Common available bio-pesticides and



botanicals used in plant protection 5) Rearing technique of Chrysoperla &

field release (The. + Pra.) 6) Laboratory technique of Trichoderma

production (The. + Pra.) 7) Field trial design of Chrysoperla with

other bio- pesticide to be compared and Trichoderma with other available bio-agents and formats used in data collection and economic analysis.(Pra.)

8) and so on 2.1.1. Preparatory

meeting & survey Three preparatory meeting were organized at each of the selected site of the Bhaktpur during April – May, 2009 with the objective to select the participants, actual learning site and venue. It was also intended to prepare cropping calendar to know the prevailing farmers practices and identifying the locally specific problems and to analyze the gender's role. Baseline survey was also already completed to gather basic socio-economic status of the householder of selected farmers desirous to participate in FFS. A market survey was also completed to prepare a detail inventory available of microbial pesticides in Nepal


2.1.2 Field School conduction

This activity was completed through collaborator side (District Agriculture Development office) during Baishakh, 2066 to Ashad, 2066.


2.1.3 BCP facility set up In case of BCP facility set up specially for the Crysoperla, the facility set up had completed & during 1st year farmers had also tried their best, still it is seemed that they are not much competent with rearing skill for Crysoperla.


2.1.4 Farmer's field trial This activity for the 1st year was completed during the period of 2067/12 to 2068/03, & 2nd year activity was also complted during the period of of 2068/5 to 2068/09 In Farmer's field trial, 3 replication & 4 treatments were included. In case of treatments, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viridae, Pseudomonas flurescence and Bavistin as a control. All the experimental data for both of the first year are completely retained and report is in the process of compilation. Complete report will be submitted in project compilation report.

Report for first year activity already submitted & final report of trial will be submitted as soon as possible.

2.1.5. Monitoring & Evaluation

Two succeeding monitoring visit were completed on 2068/02/17 & 2068/03/22 to observe the ongoing farmer's field trial & BCP facility set up. In previous monitoring Ms. Sharada Joshi from NARC was invited as an expert of pathology. Similarly Ms. Shashi Adhikari, as an expert of Entomology was also

Report of earlier two monitoring was already submitted & later is ready to submit.


involved. During the monitoring both of the experts provide instruction & advice for the betterment of ongoing trial of bio-pesticide as well as Crysoperla rearing. In second monitoring, expert from the NARDF were involved. They also instruct & advise to carryout the trial more preciously. They also advise to put the program informative board on location. Similarly another two succeeding monitoring also completed in the ending phase of follow- up FFS conduction period that is farmer's field trial conduction.

3.1.1 Rapport Building Workshop

Completed on 12th Bhadra, 2066 Trimister report already submitted

3.1.2 Field day for dissemination of workshop

This activity for FFS was completed through collaborator side (District Agriculture Development office) 1st of Ashad, 2066. Similarly follow –up FFS field day was completed on 2068/10/15

One Trimister report already submitted & the another is ready to submit

3.1.3 Lesson learnt Workshop

Going to be completed very soon

3.2.1. Booklet of Inventory of microbial pesticides

This activity was completed. For the preparation of inventory of bio-pesticide survey questionnaire were designed first and then market survey was carried in Kathmandu valley. Now all the data were compiled, analyzed with simple statistical tools. In this way finally we were able to prepare the "Survey report on bio-pesticide in Kathmandu valley".


3.2.2. Technical booklets This activity for the 1st as well as 2nd year was completed. For the preparation of technical booklets two experts were assigned on the basis of their expertise. The two publication are " JAIBIK BIDHI DWARA BALI SAMRAKCHAN" & Posters of "BENIFICIAL ISECTS"


3.2.3 Project completion report

Going to be completed very soon

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) : During the beginning of the project, the leader farmers involved in season long FFS on Tomato cultivation inside the tunnel, it help them to know about all the aspect of IPM, principle of IPM and other so many practical things. So that they were able to conduct follow- up FFS very confidently. Similarly the motivation tour & intensive bio-control training activities were also more useful to them to impart the practical as well as theoretical knowhow about bio-control agent & bio-pesticides, their rearing (especially in case of Crysoperla), and application technique as well. Besides some technical booklets & posters were also prepare & distributed to peripheral farmers including those who are involved in project. Regarding Farmers field trial, all the commercial bio-pesticides included in trial (Trichoderma, Pseudomonas and another bio insecticide "Verticillium" seems to be far better in controlling pest as well as crop yield compared to chemical pesticides like Bevestin & control. The final report of the project including necessary information will be submitted very soon. Those tomato grower have given the commitment that thsy won't use the chemical pesticide in any vegetable farming anymore, so will have reduction in production cost as well as health hazard cost. This will surely contribute to the sustained poverty reduction of direct and indirect beneficiaries.


Project Title: Scaling up of cage cum pond integration system of Tilapia/Catfish in

cage and carps in pond Project No: PP 605/2008-09 Project Coordinator: Dr. Sunila Rai Address: Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur campus,

Chitwan Telephone: 056-592272; 9851075404; 9803551109

Fax: 056-591021 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Collaborating organisations: 1. District Agriculture Development Office, Chitwan

2. Rural Integrated Development Society (RIDS), Kathar, Chitwan Start Date: July 2009 End Date: February 2011 Project Cost: NRs 999,900 Location of Project: Kathar -1, Kushahana, Chitwan;

Kawasoti – 4, Taruwa, Nawalparasi

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Development of aquaculture has the potential to provide both high protein food and income generating employment for the rural poor, as well as promoting more ecologically balanced use of land and water resources. Therefore, there is a felt need of the promotion of this sector in order to increase the supply of animal protein in the daily diet that will ultimately be helpful in improving the health and the livelihood of people of Nepal. However, fish farmers of Nepal do not have a high production and sustainable aquaculture package to improve their livelihood. As a result, the present productivity of pond fish culture is about 3 mt/ha, which is far low in comparison with other Asian countries. Most of the fish production comes from small fish farmers of terai region. Thus increasing the production and productivity of aquaculture in small farmers of terai region is vital to achieve ultimate goals of food security, income generation and poverty alleviation. Therefore, well proved low-cost, high-production technology easily adaptable to small-scale farmers are intended to verify, tested and up scaled so that they can choose the appropriate package suitable for them and continue in sustainable way. The proposed project seeks to contribute to the promotion high production fish culture system at the community level in terai districts of Nepal. The project particularly aims at improving the livelihood of resource-poor farming households. Small scale and resource poor farmers of central and western terai, especially under privileged minority ethnic groups (e.g. Tharu, Darai, Bote, Majhi, Gurung, Magar etc.) will be the focal point of this project.

Project Purpose/Objectives The integrated cage-cum-pond system provides an opportunity for small-scale farmers to use their limited resources to include some high-valued/feed response species in cage placed inside pond and natural food based carps in ponds. This system allows generating extra fish production from cage with more production and more income from the same unit of pond. This production system might improve livelihood of rural families providing better nutrition and income compare to existing aquaculture system. Recent experiments of integrated cage-cum-pond system in Nepal have demonstrated that it is one of the high production approaches which bring social, economical and ecological changes for the betterment of the society. Scaling up this model to rural small-scale family managed ponds will increase fish productivity as well as total fish production of the country as well. Thus this project aims to increase fish production and productivity of small-scale farmers through cage cum pond integration model.

Beneficiaries

Small scale and resource poor farmers of central and western terai, especially under privileged minority ethnic groups (e.g. Tharu, Darai, Bote, Majhi, Gurung, Magar etc.) will be the primary beneficiaries as the project will be implemented in their locality. This project will directly benefit to those involved 30 cage farmers of


Chitwan and Nawalparasi. However, the outcome of project will benefit all the small-scale, resource-poor farmers of terai and mid-hills as well. Fish growers, government line agencies, NGOs, CBOs and public sectors of terai and mid-hills region of Nepal will be benefited directly by obtaining the appropriate high production and sustainable technology of fish farming. The local traders, entrepreneurs and exporters and farming groups will be benefited through increased transaction of fish products as a result of project activities. It will create additional employment for men and women in the region because of increased fish production and marketing activities.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) At least 100% fish productivity increased and 50% income increased of participating farmers compare to existing fish culture system after completion of one year culture cycle. 15 farmers in Chitwan and 15 farmers in Nawalparasi participated in the project will have 100 % increase in fish production of the current level after 2 culture cycle. Income from fish sale will increase by 50% and family fish consumption will increase by 100% by the end of the project period. One workshop, 500 Leaflets, 500 Manuals will be published by the end of the project period.

Up-scaling Pathways Direct involvement of participating farmers, Workshop/interaction meeting with fishers and other stakeholders are the proposed pathway for the uptake of outputs. In addition, leaflet and manual on “Integrated cage-cum-pond culture systems” will be published and distributed to concerned fisher groups, organizations and agencies. Another positive side of this project is the involvement of the subject matter specialists and extension workers of IAAS, DADOs, Government fish farms, NARC and other line agencies, in planning the project activities and in imparting the training activities. DADO of Chitwan and Nawalparasi will take major promotion work as government development office. Moreover, information will be disseminated by teaching in undergraduate and graduate course in universities and by publishing in scientific journals.


Targeted Outputs: • Current level of fish productivity; fish/and or other animal protein in family diet; and household income

identified. • Package of cage cum pond integration model scaled up and fish production and productivity assessed. • Fish protein in family diet and household income of participating farmers assessed. • Project outcome disseminated.

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Selection of farmers and

Baseline survey

1.2 Impact assessment survey

Completed at scheduled Completed

15 participants each from Chitwan and Nawalparasi district selected and baseline survey conducted (Report submitted)

Impact assessment survey conducted with those participants (Report submitted)

2.1 Orientation meeting with participating farmers

2.2 Training of cage-pond integration system to participating farmers

2.3 Cage materials supply and cage preparation

2.4 Supply of Fish seeds and production Technology

Completed as scheduled Completed as scheduled Completed as scheduled Completed

One-day orientation meeting was organized at each site (Report submitted) One-day training organized at each site (Report submitted) Materials for 40 cages were supplied after training on cage preparation to each household (Report submitted) Report submitted


2.5 Regular monitoring on

growth and simple water quality parameters.

2.6 Fish harvest and report preparation.

Completed Completed

Report submitted Report submitted

3.1 Preparation of leaflets and Manual

3.2 Workshop organized with

different stakeholders 3.3 Visit of about 50

participants from different stakeholders to project sites.

3.4 Final report publication

Completed Completed Completed Under preparation

500 each leaflet in Nepali and Manual in English published One-day workshop organized at IAAS. One day tour visit to project sites from lead fish farmers from Chitwan and Nawalparasi involving District Agriculture Development offices. Completion summary sheet and financial report are submitted; main project completion and Technical paper series report are under preparation.

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects)

• Participating fish farmers understood the principles behind Cage-integration system of three different models. (i) Tilapia in cage and carps in pond, (ii) Catfish in cage and carps in pond, (iii) Ttilapia and Catfish in separate cages and carps in pond.

• Got trained in cage mending and installing in pond. • Cage-pond system increased carp production in ponds (4.0 - 4.4 t/ha/yr compared to 3.0 t/ha) • Overall fish production of increased by 2- 2.5 times compared to carp polyculture

o Model 1: 6.0 t/ha/yr o Model 2: 5.4 t/ha/yr o Model 3: 7.2 t/ha/yr

• B/C ratio carp polyculture without cage is 3.3, where as in different models are: o Model 1: 7.4 o Model 2: 3.3 o Model 3: 4.5

• Cage-pond system increased income by 1.5 to 2 times


Project Title: Participatory F1 Seed Production and Marketing of Tomato cv.

'Shrijana' through Seed Producer Groups. Project No: PP606/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Ram Bahadur KC Address: Agriculture Research Station (Horticulture), Malepatan, Pokhara Telephone: Office: 061-520220

Mobile: 9846020019 Fax: 061-520220 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Agricultural development Office, Kaski,

District Agricultural development Office, Syangja, Plastic Tunnel Technology Farmers Association, Kaski and Regional Seed Laboratory, Bhairahawa.

Start Date: September 2009 End Date: August 2012 Project Cost: 19,94,000 Location of Project: Agriculture Research Station (Hor, Malepatan, Pokhara and its command

districts i.e Kaski and Syangja

PROJECT SUMMARY Background Tomato is one of the important solanaceous vegetable widely grown in Nepal. Tomato ranked fifth in vegetables growing area 16,702 ha, (VDD 2010/11) with productivity of 15.52 t/ha. Seed is the basic input for agriculture production. The quality of seed is a considered as an important factor for increasing yield. The use of quality seeds helps greatly in higher production per unit area. It is considered as one of the basic and cheap inputs to increase production and productivity of the agriculture commodities. Nepal still imports a huge amount of hybrid seed of different vegetables including tomato every year. A survey report indicated that tomato is superlatively the leading vegetables in terms of number of hybrid varieties imported in the country. Area under hybrid variety especially in vegetable sector is increasing gradually. It means that a lot of national currency is being spent every year to import hybrid seeds from India and aboard.

On the other hand, farmers are using imported hybrid seed without any research recommendation except few exceptional cases. The question of quality concern always arises and sometimes creates colossal problems to the farmers. In this context, our own hybrid seed tomato production has an immense potential to serve Nepalese growers through the supply of true to type of F1 seed of native production. The demand of quality hybrid seed is in increasing trend. It is estimated that a large portion of commercial vegetable production pockets is under F1 coverage.

Project Purpose/Objectives The objectives of the project are,

- To increase the availability of quality F1 seed at reasonable prices for commercial growers. - To empower the farmers in Syangja and Kaski to produce F1 seed of 'Shrijana' cultivar in their

own socio-economic condition. - To increase area under cv. 'Shrijana' for increment of production and productivity - Strengthen linkage among seed producers, traders and users. - High technical knowledge of crossing delivered to farmers and extension personnel

Beneficiaries Small and women farmer groups of Kaski and Syangja districts who directly get involved in participatory F1 seed production and processing activities getting immediate benefit from the implemented activity. Small land holding farmers in the project areas will have involved round the year by getting employment opportunity while conducting the different activities. Seed traders, agro-vet owners will get benefited by this project with the transaction of tomato F1 seed. Ultimately, nation will be benefited by curtailing the import of F1 tomato


seed, which minimizes to drain of foreign currency to some extent, every year. Finally, commercial tomato farmers of the western hills will have been benefited by getting genuine quality F1 seed at reasonable price.

In addition, extension personnel are being been benefited by getting sound technical knowledge on quality hybrid seed production; and their skill have been upgraded after being involved in different activities. A large number of farmers are being benefited from the produced F1 seed by marketing, utilizing and so on.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) By the end of two years execution of the project it seems as a very successful piece of work for rural people. Twelve women farmers from Kaski and Syangja districts are directly involving in the seed production program. Their capacity is being enhanced through training and other activities to produce F1 seeds of tomato by 2012. Farmers of the western hills getting quality F1 seed in genuine price by the end of 2010. Seed traders will actively participate in seed marketing process of Nepalese origin F1 seed for the first time. In addition to present situation, areas under hybrid tomato especially cv. 'Shrijana' is being increased at least 1080 Ropani per year by the end of 2010.

Up-scaling Pathways This is need based people centered participatory approach however, requires high technical knowledge. In this work from the initiation of the project there is direct involvement of research, extension, farmer groups and NGOs. As a result of that, the methodology of F1 seed production will reach towards all stakeholders from beginning of project implementation. For technology diffusion service provider has a vital role in Nepal. Involvement of seed traders in the project definitely helps in promotion of this technology in wider areas. Training, interaction and publication of booklet and manual also help in expansion of this technology for wider adoption.

Synopsis of Project Status After the initiation of the project since September 2009 to April 2012 eight trimesters and 13 activities were accomplished successfully so far.

During first trimester of first year In first trimester two activities were carried out. The first was project inception meeting. The meeting was held on 29th Kartik 2066 at ARS, Malepatan Pokhara. All together 29 participants (including SADO of Kaski and Syangja, PPO Syangja, Extension staffs leader farmers, agro entrepreneurs, researchers, NGO persons and all officers from the Station) were actively participated. Sites and focal person from DADO were identified.

Secondly site selection and group identification were performed. Dhikurpokhari and Armala of Kaski and Phedikhola VDC of Syangja district were selected as potential sites.

During second trimester of first year In second trimester of first year total five activities were carried out. A two days technical training to empower the selected farmers and concerned technicians was conducted during 16th-17th Chaitra, 2066 at ARS, Malepatan. Alltogether 33 participants (HDO and junior technician from Syangja, two junior technicians from Kaski, Station staffs and 12 cooperator farmers of concerned project sites) were actively participated in the training. Similarly hundred copies of booklet entitled 'Cultivation of Tomato under Plastic House Condition and F1 Seed Production Techniques' were prepared, published and distributed to the stakeholders for further up-scaling of developed technologies

A one day field level technical training to empower the farmers and concerned technicians was conducted each at three sites of the project area.

During third trimester of first year In this trimester total five activities were accomplished. One day interaction workshop among the seed producer, agro-entrepreneurs and line agencies was organized at the Station.

During first trimester of second year


Sample of seeds from three different sites and the Station were collected and analyzed at Regional Seed Testing Laboratory, Bhairahawa. The labeling tag was designed and printed for seed marketing purpose. Negotiation with the seed marketing agencies succeeded and seed marketing is completed.

In Each trimester the monitoring and supervision work was conducted by project Coordinator/Station Chief, Technical Officer and concerned expert from the Station and other high level officials visited each sites and suggested necessary actions to achieve the outputs of the project regularly.

During second trimester of second year Two days technical training on “Tomato cultivation under poly house condition and emasculation and crossing procedure for F1 seed production” was conducted. Plastic houses in the farmers field (12 no) and one tunnel at the station were renovated.

During third trimester of second year

In 12 plastic houses 100 -125 (20% male) inbred parent line were transplanted in each location of Kaski and Syangja. At the station 200 plants of the parent lines were transplanted in two tunnels.

One day field level technical training to empower the farmers was conducted and topics covered were emasculation and crossing procedure, disease identification and management practices, Safety handling of pesticides' seed quality maintenance.

During first trimester of third year Seed harvesting and processing: Seed harvesting is crucial work of the project. Full red ripe fruits were harvested and processed according to provided guidelines. Fruits are initiated to harvest and this process will be continued till crossed fruit finished to harvest.

During second trimester of third year Tunnel construction and renovation: Plastic houses in the farmers field (12 no) and two tunnel at the station were renovated. Following works were carried out

• Plastic sheet repaired by using cartoon tape and tied the roof with rope. • Roof supporting pegs, rope changed. • Broken and rotten pillars of the tunnel and roof supporting structures were changed as required. • Plant support accessories were maintained.

Seed quality analysis and Mini kit distribution: Sample of seeds from three different sites and station were collected and analyzed at Regional Seed Testing Laboratory, Bhairahawa. Germination percentages of the tested seed sample were 88-94 (see annex). The labeling tag was designed and printed for seed marketing purpose.

Targeted Outputs: 1. Participatory F1 tomato seed production process developed in farmers level and disseminated 2. Seed marketing and distribution channel strengthened 3. Area under quality seed increased

Table: Total seed production in 2010 (First year) Name of the farmer Prod.

(g) Price Name of the farmer Prod.

(g) Price (Farmers got)

Hari KC 219 17520 Kausila Paudel 125 10000

Santu Subedi 218 17440 Dripa Chhetri 127 10160

Aarati Subedi 315 25200 Khuma Paudel 73 5840

Sita Subedi 230 18400 Madhu Maya BK 489 39120


Balika Subedi 210 16800 Bishnu Basnet 410 32800

Laxmi Paudel 740 59200 Jit Bdr. Basnet 406 32480

ARS 1050 94500

Total 4612 3,79,460

Table: Total seed production in 2011 (Second year)

Name of the farmer Prod. (g)

Price Name of the farmer Prod. (g)

Price (Farmers got)

Hari KC 159 14310 Kausila Paudel 500 45000

Santu Subedi 90 8100 Dripa Chhetri 320 28000

Aarati Subedi 184 Khuma Paudel 584 52560

Sita Subedi 38 3420 Madhu Maya BK 596 53640

Balika Subedi 144 12960 Bishnu Basnet 426 38340

Laxmi Paudel 640 57600 Jit Bdr. Basnet 268 24120

ARS 250 22500

Total 4207 3,78,630

Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status 1.1 Meeting with stakeholders completed

1.2 Site selection, participatory Group formation Completed 1.3 Technical training to technicians and farmers Completed 1.4 Tunnel construction and renovation Completed 1.5 Inbred line plantation and maintenance, Two years work completed 1.6 Plant selection and emasculation Two years work completed 1.7 Field Level Participatory Training Completed 2.1 Interaction with seed producers and traders Completed 2.2 Monitoring and supervision Continued 2.3 Seed harvesting, processing and packaging Two years works were completed. 2.4 Seed quality analysis and marketing Two years works were completed. 3.1 Mini-kit distribution for seed quality verification Completed 3.2 Production and distribution of booklet/ Folder Completed 3.3 Stakeholder workshop Targeted in third trimester of last year 3.4 Final project completion reporting Targeted in third trimester of last year


Achievements / Findings Activities Achievements/ Findings1.1 Meeting with stakeholders The project inception meeting was conducted among the stakeholders to clarify the

program and working modalities. 1.2 Site selection, and group

formation. Dhikur pokhari and Armala of Kaski and Phedikhola VDC of Syangja were identified as potential sites.

1.3 Technical training to technicians and farmers

In two years two technical trainings were conducted at the Station.

1.4 Tunnel construction and renovation.

12 plastic houses were constructed in total at farmers' field and already existed one plastic house was renovated within the Station.

1.5 Inbred line plantation and crop management

Tomato seedlings were transplanted by maintaining 100 -125 (20% male) inbred parent line in all 12 plastic houses.

1.6 Plant selection and emasculation.

Farmers and technicians were involved in crossing processes from July to september by selecting right stage of flowers during morning time (8 am to 11am) in each day of crossing.

1.7 Field Level Participatory Training.

Two field level technical trainings were conducted in each sites.

2.1 Interaction workshop with seed producers and traders

Interaction workshop was held on 4th Bhadra 2067 at the Station.

2.2 Monitoring and supervision Program was monitored time to time by the different stakeholders. 2.3 Seed harvesting, processing

and packaging Total 8.7 kg of tomato seeds from 12 farmers and by the Station was produced and marketed different part of the country.

2.4 Seed quality analysis and marketing

Sample of seeds from three different sites and station were collected and analyzed at Regional Seed Testing Laboratory, Bhairahawa.

3.2 Production and distribution of booklet/ Folder

“Tomato Production under Poly House Condition and Techniques of F1 Seed Production” and Manual on “F1 Seed Production Technology and Safe Handling of Pesticide” produced and distributed.


Project Title: Commercial Vegetable Farming at Periurban Area and BP

Highway Corridor of Sindhuli District, Nepal Project No: PP 607 /2008/09 Project Coordinator: Ramji Prasad Bhattarai Address: Youth for Sindhuli, Kamalamai-6, Dhura Bazar, Sindhuli Telephone: Phone: 047-520032, Cell: 9841425547 Fax: Fax: 047-520045 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: 1. District Agriculture Development Office, Sindhuli, Nepal,

2. Mahabharat Krishak Sahakari sanstha ltd. Ratanchura, Sindhuli Start Date: August 2009 End Date: June 2012 Project Cost: NRs 1996600.00 Location of Project: Ratanchura, Bhadrakali, Jalakanya VDCs and Kamalamai

municipality of Sindhuli District Nepal

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background The project “commercial vegetable farming at periurban area and BP highway corridor” has planned to implement in 3 VDCs namely Jalakanya, Ratanchura and Bhadrakali and one municipality called Kamalamai of Sindhuli District. Most of the people’s livelihood is based on agriculture. These locations are connected with highways, local roads and market centers. Despite the good road connectivity and market proximity, most of the farmers involved in non commercial farming. Income generation from farming is very rare.

There are high opportunities for vegetable production for commercial purpose but the farmers are producing traditional cereals crops. Unemployment and poverty is seen among the farming household. Majority of the people in the project location are Bhramin, Chhetri, Tamang, Magar, Majhi and Dalit. Dalits and Janjatis are relatively backward compare to Brahmin and Chhetris. Some higher castes farmers are earning money from commercial vegetable farming from the same project location and other locations of the Sindhuli district. Majority of the dalits and Janjatis are reluctant to commercial vegetable farming because of habituation on traditional cereal farming and lack of skill and knowledge required for vegetable farming. Women farmers of the all caste are providing their most time to agriculture purposes but are not able to uplift their livelihood.

This project is focusing to provide skill and knowledge to the reluctant Dalit, Janjatis and Women farmers who are deprived from income earning vegetable production business. Project will select 320 households to uplift their livelihood through off season and season bound commercial vegetable farming. Among the project households, project will encourage to involve Dalits, Janjaties at least 50 percent. Similarly, women’s participation will be at least 40%. These project HHs will be organized into 16 groups including five women’s groups. Capacity of the groups will be strengthen and organized into a cooperative.

These project groups will be motivated for groups based commercial vegetable farming. Twenty eight farmers will involve in year round season bound and off season vegetable farming in plastic houses. One hundred and eighty group members will get intensive commercial vegetable production trainings. The cooperatives will be mobilized for the operation of established collection center and in put supply and fresh vegetable marketing. Project will establish fresh vegetable marketing mechanism by making linkage among value chain actors of the vegetable farming business.

Unlike most commercial vegetable promotion projects, this project will focus on organic farming of vegetables by applying bio pesticides, cattle urine and herbal micro nutrient. Project will train farmers for judicial use of pesticides and balance use of organic manure and chemical fertilizers.

Project will organize interaction workshop, participatory monitoring and public auditing to evaluate and discussion about project achievements. This project will collaborate with District Agriculture Development office and Mahabhrat Krisak Sahakari Sanstha ltd. directly and other stakeholders indirectly to complete the project activities and targets.


Project Purpose/Objectives

Primarily, this project is intended to increase the income of project farmers by optimum utilizing the available opportunity of road and market accessibility of the project location. Besides this major purpose, this project has following purposes.

• Motivation, technical skill development and involvement of farmers on commercial vegetable farming business. Majority of the farming house holds of the project location are unemployed and poor due to traditional non earning farming business. This project will motivate farmers to commercial vegetable farming by providing information about comparative advantage of vegetable production. Similarly, project will provide technical skill to the farmers and group based involvement of farmers will obtain different support activities for vegetable farming.

• Commercial vegetable area expansion, production enhancement and marketing system development This project will work to expand the commercial vegetable area to 60 hectares and off season and year round vegetable area to 5 hectares with 28 plastic house farming. In the same way, project will work to enhance the production through technology demonstration. Sustainable marketing system will be developed by mobilizing cooperatives on input supply, fresh vegetable marketing and collection center operation and creating a good linkage among value chain actors.

• Increase the income level and support to better livelihood The project is intended to increase 20 % income level of disadvantage group like Dalit, Janjati women and others through utilizing commercial vegetable production in better access areas. Consequently, project’s expectation is: when the income level increases, increased income will be utilized for better livelihood.

Beneficiaries The project locations are 3 VDCs and one Municipality of Sindhuli district. The reason for selecting these locations is these selected VDCs and Municipality are corridor area of BP highway and peri-urban area. There are many caste and ethnicities in the selected project locations. These are as follows ( Census, 2058)

S.N VDCs/ Minicipality Female Male HHs Janjati Dalit Others Total 1 Kamalamai Municipality 16388 16450 6447 16360 3832 12646 32838 2 Bhadrakali VDC 2241 2350 744 3423 430 738 4591 3 Jalakanya VDC 908 1007 357 460 232 1223 1915 4 Ratanchura VDC 1275 1375 488 1012 551 1087 2650

Total 20812 21182 8036 41994 21255 5010 15694

Primary focus of the project is income generation of disadvantageous castes/ ethnicities people and women farmers through commercial vegetable farming. Around 320 farming HHs from four project areas (3 VDCs and one Municipality) will be selected as project targeted beneficiaries from 8036 households. These 320 farming HHs will be selected based on the density of households in the project locations. Among the 320 project households, at least 50 % HHs will be Dalit and Janajati and 40% will be women. The project will also consider the accessibility of the land. The land is essential for vegetable production because without land there is no possibility of commercial vegetable production. This project will directly work to the above mentioned 320 HHs to increase their income level through vegetable farming. So, the 320 HHs are direct beneficiaries of the project. There will be neighboring effect of project to the non project farming families in the same project location. The same process will happen in the neighboring VDCs of the project and can be replicate in other VDCs too. These secondary adapters are indirect beneficiaries. Similar pattern of change will see in trading side too. When the production increases, the trading business will also increase. The actors of value chain of vegetable farming business will also be the indirect beneficiaries of the project. There is no chance of negative economic impact in any community by this project.


Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) • Four hundred farming household actively participated in 16 groups and these groups upgraded to a

cooperative in three project VDCs. • 320 nos. highway corridor farmers started group based commercial vegetable farming in 60 hectares

area by improved farming technologies of vegetables. • At least 28 farmers got training on vegetable farming under plastic house; 28 plastic house with

micro irrigation facility constructed for year round vegetable production • Regular monitoring and evaluation followed and preoperational to terminal achievements

documented Up-scaling Pathways The project will work as organizational body to develop capacity, to provide support to the project beneficiaries directly and other interested farmers outside the project indirectly. This project will work on fresh vegetable production and marketing. The farmers of the projects location will increase their income by selling vegetables. The increased income of project farmers will be motivating factors for non project farmers and they will also work on vegetable production and increase their income which is the direct effect of scaling up of vegetable production work. The strengthen capacity of farmers on vegetable production will support for development of micro enterprises such as processing of fresh vegetable (Pickle Ketchup, sauce etc) and sell. This type of activities creates the employment opportunity to women and low land owners. This project will also organize workshop, group meeting, publication, demonstration, information broadcasting, public auditing which are helpful tool to widening the vegetable production and scaling up of the vegetable farming in the project area. The collaborating partners i.e. DADO and Mahabharat Krishak Sahakari Santha ltd. will be involve in the many activities of the project. They can promote the better practices in the other location of the district through their regular program. Other organizations which are working in the development field can incorporate the similar work in other area too. This NGO is also working in another location on Sudhariyeko chulo and micro hydro power project. The good impacts of this project can be replicated there. So, there are many ways and options to be up scaling of the project outputs by the beneficiaries and related organizations.

SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs:

• Strengthened and mobilized the women and men farmers' groups and upgraded them into cooperatives for input supply and output marketing

• Expanded the area under commercial vegetable production • Expanded the area of vegetable farming under plastic house for year round vegetable farming • Established fresh vegetable marketing system • Established reliable reporting and documentation system


Activities Progress status Remarks Groups formation and mobilization Completed

ne survey conduction and report preparation

Completed

Cooperative formation Completed Mobilization of cooperatives on input-supply and output marketing mechanism

Completed

Motivation and facilitation workshop for group based commercial vegetable farming

Completed

Trainings on fresh vegetable production for farmers (40 % women)

Completed


Training on Preparation and application of herbal and Bio pesticides on vegetable

Completed

Improved Vegetable seed distribution at 20% subsidy Completed Vegetable production demonstration for summer and winter season

Completed

Support on plant protection activities Completed Trainings on off season vegetable production Completed Support on plastic house construction Completed Support on micro irrigation management on tunnel Completed Support for off season vegetable seedling production nurseries Completed Farmers’ training on Fresh vegetable market management Completed Support on collection center establishment and operation Completed Support on packaging material (Plastic Crates) at 54% subsidy Completed Interaction workshop among value chain actors of commercial vegetable farming and marketing tie up

Completed

Vegetable marketing booklet publication and distribution Completed Regular Internal monitoring Completed Participatory monitoring and evaluation Completed

Farmers Field Day

Will be completed in third trimester of the third year

Public Hearing and Auditing


Project’s Final report preparation


Achievements: • 28 plastic houses are made for year round vegetable production • 28 farmers are able to irrigate the vegetable in plastic houses through drip irrigation facility • One cooperative is established for marketing of vegetables • One hundred plastic crates distributed to farmers for easy packing and transporting vegetables to the

market. • About 60 ton of vegetables produced and marketed by the farmers. • Four commercial nursery man are able to produce vegetable seedling throughout the year.


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3 &'nfv]t afv|fkfng jfªl;ª4 2 10 9 1 0 0 0 0 9 1 10

4 af/flx afv|fkfng jfªl;ª4 2 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10

5 ;jf]{bo afv|fkfng jfªl;ª5 2 16 16 0 10 0 0 0 6 0 16

6 k~rf;] afv|fkfng jfªl;ª6 2 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 8

7 e'ld:yfg afv|fkfng jfªl;ª7 2 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10

8 d'nfjf/L afv|fkfng jfªl;ª7 2 11 10 1 2 0 0 0 10 1 13

9 >j)fs'df/ afv|fkfng jfªl;ª8 2 15 15 0 1 0 1 0 13 0 15

10 >hglzn afv|fkfng jfªl;ª8 2 10 10 0 2 0 1 0 7 0 10

11 ;/fbLvf]nf afv|fkfng

ljrf/Lrf}tf/f 1 2 11 8 3 0 0 0 0 8 3 11

12 b]p/fnL afv|fkfng jfªl;ª 9 2 10 10 0 2 0 1 0 7 0 10

13 gf}k'hf afv|fkfng afFu]km*s] 2 11 8 3 0 0 0 0 8 3 11

hDdf 26 151 135 16 33 7 4 0 98 9 151

1 ;]kt e}l;kfng jfªl;ª2 2 9 4 5 2 3 0 0 2 2 9

2 l;dnrf}/ e}+l;kfng jfªl;ª3 2 20 8 12 5 10 0 1 3 1 20

3 xl/ofnL e}l;kfng jfªl;ª4 2 15 3 12 0 0 0 0 3 12 15

4 k~rf;] e};Lkfng jfªl;ª 56 2 12 6 6 3 2 0 0 3 4 12

5 e'ld:yfg e}l;kfng jfªl;ª7 2 21 11 10 0 1 0 0 10 10 21

6 ltvfr'nL e}l;kfng jfªl;ª8 2 14 2 12 0 0 1 0 1 12 14

7 k|ultlzn jfFu]km*\s]8 2 10 8 2 0 0 0 0 8 2 10


e}+l;kfng

8 dfrs ]̂/f e}+l;kfng ljrf/Lrf}tf/f1 2 20 15 5 0 0 0 0 15 5 20

hDdf 16 121 57 64 10 16 1 1 45 48 121

qm=;+ ;d"xsf] gfd &]ufgf

s[ifssf] k|sf/ n}ª\uLs ;dfa]zL

hDdfcu'jf s[ifs

;d"x s[ifs

dlxnf k'?ifblnt hghftL cGo

dlxnf k'?if dlxnf k'?if dlxnf k'?if

1

jfªl;ª b]p/fnL uf]ne]+*f pTkfbs jfªl;ª1÷9 2 6 0 6 0 1 0 0 0 5 6

2

jf+u]km*\s] uf]ne]+*f pTkfbs jf+u]km*\s]8 2 7 0 7 0 0 0 3 0 4 7

3

ljrfl/rf}tf/f uf]n\e]+*f pTkfbs

ljrf/L rf}tf/f 1 / 2 2 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 3 4

hDdf 6 17 1 16 0 1 0 3 1 12 17

1 l/dfn:jf/f df}/Lkfng jfªl;ª3÷7 2 17 9 8 0 0 0 0 9 8 17

2 b]p/fnL df}/Lkfng

jfªl;ª-8÷9 2 8 2 6 0 0 0 0 2 6 8

3 ;/fbLvf]nf df}/Lkfng

ljrf/Lrf}tf/f1 / 2 2 6 2 4 0 1 0 0 1 4 6

hDdf 6 31 13 18 0 1 0 0 12 18 31

s'n hDdf 54 320 206 114 43 25 5 4 156 87 320

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) !=!=!= @& ;d"xsf %$ hgf cu'jf s[ifsn] aLdf sf]ifsf] :yfkgf / Joj:yfkg tflnd k|fKt u/]sf . !=!=@= @& ;d"xsf %$ hgf cu'jf s[ifsn] ;xeflutfTds k4tL jf6 ;d"xsf] pTkfbg of]hgf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf . !=@=!= !# ;d"xsf !%) hgf ;d"x s[ifsn] afv|fkfng / aLdf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf . !=@=@= * ;d"xsf !%) hgf ;d"x s[ifsn] e};Lkfng / aLdf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf . !=@=#= # ;d"xsf ^) hgf ;d"x s[ifsn] df}/L kfng / aLdf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf . !=@=$= # ;d"xsf $% hgf ;d"x s[ifsn] Knf:6Ls 6g]ndf uf]ne]+8f v]tL / aLdf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf . !=#=!= $% hgfn] uf]ne]+8f laqmL jf6 jflif{s k|lts[ifs ;/b/ !^))) cfDbfgL u/]sf . !=#=@= !%) hgfn] e};L tyf b'w 3Lp laqmL jf6 jflif{s k|lt s[ifs ;/b/ !%))) cfDbfgL u/]sf . !=#=#= !%) hgfn] afv|fsf kf7f kf7L tyf vl; jf]sf laqmL jf6 k|lts[ifs jflif{s ;/b/ !&))) cfDbfgL u/]sf . @=!=!= ;+:yfn] kz' ladf / s[lif ladfsf] gLlt lgb]{lzsf tof/ ul/ sfof{Gjog u/]sf] . @=!=@= !%) hgfn] @÷@ jf]6f afv|fsf] aLdf u/]sf . @=!=#= !%) hgfn] !÷! jf]6f e}+;Lsf] aLdf u/]sf . @=!=$= ^) hgfn] df}/L uf]nfsf] aLdf u/]sf . @=!=%= $% hgfn] Knfi6Ls 6g]ndf uf]ne]+8f v]tLsf] aLdf u/]sf . @=!=^= ;+:yfdf cfj4 ^$! hgf ;b:on] ;+:yfsf] sf]if jf6 nfef+; k|fKt u/]sf . @=@=!= !# ;d"xdf afv|f ladfsf] df]8]n ljsf; ePsf] . @=@=@= cf7 ;d"xdf e};L ladfsf] df]8]n ljsf; ePsf] .


@=@=#= ltg ;d"xdf df}/L ladfsf] df]8]n ljsf; ePsf] . @=@=$= ltg ;d"xdf uf]ne]+8f v]tLsf] ladfsf] df]8]n ljsf; ePsf] . @=#=!= ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ;b:o ;+Vof %$! jf6 &)& k'u]sf] . @=#=@= ;+:yfdf cfj4 ;b:o dWo] #) hgf blnt / !& hgf hghftLsf] ;+Vof a9]sf] . Up-scaling Pathways cfof]hgf ;~rfngsf] nflu s[ifs ;d"xx?sf] klxrfg / u7g ;d"xsf cu'jf ls;fg x?nfO{ Joj:yfkg tyf k|;f/0f tflnd lbO ;d"x s[ifsx?df cu'jfs[ifs / ;xhstf{ åf/f s[lif tyf kz'kfngsf k|ljlwx? k'¥ofO{Psf]5 . ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf v8f u/]sf] s[lif tyf kz' ladf k|0ffnL÷sf]ifsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ ;+:yfaf6 k|sfzg x'g] Sofn]08/, a|f];/ tflndx?df lat/0f ul/g] xft] krf{, ;+:yfsf] lgoldt a}7s aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef cflb jf6 k|rf/ k|;f/ ul/Psf]5 . ;+:yfsf] sfo{ If]q leqsf uflj; x?sf] kl/ifbdf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ ;lrj x?nfO{ kqfrf/ ul/ cfufld jif{ b]vL kl/ifb jf6 ;d]t of] sfo{qmdsf] nflu ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug]{ k|ltj4tf hfx]/ u/]sf 5g . ;+:yfdf tklzn cg';f/sf] Ps s[lif ladf Joj:yfkg ;ldtL u7g ul/ ;f]sf] dfWofd jf6 k|rf/ k|;f/sf nflu k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg ul/Psf]5 .

o >L cfof]hgf ;+of]hs lrGtfdl0f kf}8]n – ;+of]hs, - k~rf;] jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf_ o >L r]tgfy clwsf/L – ;b:o, -al/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[t s[lif lasf; sfof{no :ofªhf_ o >L df]tLk|;fb nfld5fg] – ;b:o -kz' :jf:Yo k|fljlws kz' z]jf sfof{no :ofªhf_ o >L ?s'dbQ zdf{ – ;b:o, -cWoIf ;fe]bf/ ;+:yf cfk;L ;xof]u s]Gb| :ofªhf g]kfn_ o >L em+sgfy kf}8]n – ;b:o -uflj; :tl/o s[ifs ;~hfnsf] cWoIf jfªl;ª_

o;sf] ;fy} lhNnfdf /x]sf] ;xsf/L ;+3sf] a}7s, s[lif z]jfs]Gb| :tl/o s[ifs ;~hfn dfkm{t k|rf/ k|;f/ ul/ o; df]8]nsf] k|j4{g ul/Psf]5 . ;+:yf tyf ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf dfkm{t ;~rfng ul/g] cGo lqmofsnfk x?df ;xhstf{x? dfkm{t k|;f/0f ul/Psf]5 . ;+:yfsf] aflif{s k|ltj]bg, cfof]hgfsf] k|ult k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/ ;/f]sf/ jfnf lgsfo tyf ;b:ox?df hfgsf/L / k|;f/0f ul/Psf]5 . pTkfbg ul/Psf s[lif tyf kz' hGo kbfy{sf] :yflgo / afXo ahf/ lj:tf/sf] nflu kxn ul/Psf] 5 . z]o/ ;b:ox?df o;sf] k|efj km}nfpg ;/f]sf/jfnf x?sf] cGt/lqmof, a}7s, uf]i7L, ;b:o e]63f6 cflb jf6 o;sf] k|;f/ ul/b} cfPsf]5 . Synopsis of Project Status

• ladf Joj:yfkg ;ldlt kl/rfng • @& ;d"x %$ hgf cu'jf s[ifsx? jf6 ;d]t s[lif aLdfsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ / Joj:yfkgdf ;xof]u . • @!* hgf ;d"x s[ifs ;b:osf] afv|f kfng, e};L kfng, df}/L kfng / uf]ne]+8f v]tL / To;sf]] aLdf ;DjGwL

tflnd . • @!# hgfn] afv|fsf kf7f kf7L vl; af]sf, l3p dx / df}/L uf]nf, Pj+ uf]ne]+8f laqmL u/L ;/b/ ? $)(%@.–

cfDbfgL u/]sf . • ;+:yfn] kz' ladf / s[lif ladfsf] gLlt tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog u/]sf] 5 . • (* hgfn] afv|f, (# hgfn] e}+;L, $@ hgfn] df}/L uf]nf / #& hgfn] Knfi6Ls 6g]ndf uf]ne]+8f v]tLsf] aLdf

u/]sf . • s[lif ladfsf] k|efj jf6 uf]ne]8f v]tL ug]{sf] ;+Vof b'O{ ;d"xdf % hgf jf6 a9]/ !& hgf -#$)Ü_ / df}/Lkfng

ug]{ s[ifssf] ;+Vof !& hgf jf6 a9]/ $( hgf -@**=@#Ü_ k'u]sf] . • sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/Ltf jf6 ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ;b:o %&( jf6 &)& hgf k'u]sf .

Targeted Outputs: != @& ;d"xsf %$ hgf cu'jf s[ifssf] aLdfsf]if sf] :yfkgf / Joj:yfkg ;DjGwL 1fg, lzk Ifdtfdf clea[l4

ePsf] x'g]5 . @= @& ;d"xsf $)% hgf ;d"x s[ifs ;b:osf] afv|f kfng, e};L kfng, df}/L kfng / uf]ne]+8f v]tL / To;sf]] aLdf Jj:yfkg ;DjGwL 1fg, lzk, Ifdtf clea[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 . #= s[ifs z]o/ ;b:o x?n] ;xsf/L ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0f cfod'ns sfo{df nufgL u/L ;dod} lkmtf{ u/]sf x'g]5g . $= cfof]hgfdf ;+nUg #$% hgf ;b:o s[ifsn] uf]ne]8f, df}/L uf]nf tyf dx, e};L tyf b'w 3Lp / afv|fsf

kf7fkf7Lsf] laqmL jf6 aflif{s ;/b/ ? !@*@^.– afx| xhf/ cf7 ;o 5AaL; ?k}of k|lt s[ifs yk cfDbfgL u/]sf x'g]5g .

%= ;+:yfn] kz' ladf / s[lif ladfsf] gLlt tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog u/]sf] x'g]5 . ^= s[lif tyf kz' ladfsf] df]8]n ljsf;e} ;f] jf6 s[lif ljsf;df kg]{ k|efj jf/] cg';Gwfg ePsf] x'g]5 . &= sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/Ltf jf6 ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ;b:o aGg]sf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .


Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks

s[ifs ;d"xsf] klxrfg, u7g / ;~rfng -@& ;d"x_ @& ;d"x afv|f kfng / aLdf tflnd -&% hgf # lbg_ &% hgf # lbg e};L kfng / aLdf tflnd -&% hgf # lbg_ &% hgf # lbg df}/L kfng / aLdf tflnd -$) hgf % lbg_ $) hgf % lbg Knf:6Ls 6g]ndf uf]ne]+8f v]tL / aLdf tflnd -!* hgf % lbg_ !* hgf % lbg s[ifssf] ;xeflutfdf pTkfbgsf] of]hgf tof/L -@& ;d"x ! lbg_ @& ;d"x ! lbg aLdfsf]ifsf] :yfkgf tyf Joj:yfkg -@& ;d"x_ @& ;d"x afv|f aLdf sf] df]8]n ljsf; -!%) uf]6f_ !%@ uf]6f e};L aLdf sf] df]8]n ljsf; -&% j6f_ (# hgf ($ j6f_ df}/L aLdfsf] df]8]n ljsf; -@%3f/_ @% 3f/ Knf:6Ls 6g]ndf uf]ne]+8f v]tL aLdfsf] df]8]n ljsf; -!* hgf !÷! j6f_ !* hgf !÷! j6f aLdf ubf{ / gubf{sf] s[lif ljsf;df kg]{ km/s jf/]df yk cg';Gwfg ug]{ -Ps k6s_ ! k6s ladf pk;ldtL jf6 ladf u/]sf] j:t'sf] cg'udg / k|fljlws ;Nnfx -b'O k6s_ ltg k6s ;DkGg cg'udg tyf d'NofÍg, -Ps k6s_ ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] aflif{s ;ldIff tyf k'g/fjnf]sg a}7s -Ps k6s_ ;DkGg cfof]hgfsf] sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg tof/ -Ps k6s_ ;DkGg ]

Achievements /Findings (in case of research projects) 1= @& j6f ;d"x kl/rfng ePsf . 2= %$ hgf cu'jf s[ifsx? jf6 ;d]t s[lif aLdfsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ / Joj:yfkgdf ;xof]u . 3= !@ ;d"xsf !%% hgf s[ifs n] afv|fkfng, ;ft ;d"xsf !%) hgfn] e};L kfng, ltg ;d"xsf @( hgf s[ifsn]

df}/Lkfng / % ;d"xsf $% hgf s[ifsn] uf]ne]8f v]tL tflnd k|fKt ul/ afv|f, e}+;L / df}/L kfng / uf]ne]8f v]tL u/]sf .

4= !!% hgfn] afv|fsf kf7f kf7L vl; af]sf laqmL u/L ;/b/ ? *$%@.– %& hgfn] e}+;L tyf l3p laqmL u/L ;/b/ ? !@%)).– @! hgfn] dx / df}/L uf]nf laqmL u/L ;/b/ ? !!))).–@) hgfn] uf]ne]+8f laqmL u/L ;/b/ ?=!!))).– cfDbfgL u/]sf .

5= s[ifs z]o/ ;b:o x?n] ;xsf/L ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0f cfod'ns sfo{df nufgL u/L ;dod} lkmtf{ ugf{n] efvf gf3]sf] C0f g/x]sf] .

6= ;+:yfn] kz' ladf / s[lif ladfsf] gLlt sfof{Gjog u/]sf] . 7= of] sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L ePsf]n] lhNnf el/ k|;f/0f ug'{kg]{ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] egfO{ . 8= !)@ j6f e}+;L, !@! j6f afv|f, $% j6f df}/L uf]nf / #& j6f Knf:6Ls 6g]nsf] ladf su/]sf 9= #) hgfn] lhljsf]kfh{gsf] nflu afv|f, e};L, df}/L, / uf]ne]8fsf] pTkfbg of]hgf tof/ u/]sf . 10= s[lif ladfsf] k|efj jf6 uf]ne]8f v]tL ug]{sf] ;+Vof b'O{ ;d"xdf % hgf jf6 a9]/ !& hgf -#$)Ü_ / df}/Lkfng

ug]{ s[ifssf] ;+Vof !& hgf jf6 a9]/ $( hgf -@**=@#Ü_ k'u]sf] . 11= xfn ;Dd ?=$!*^^).– ladf sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] . 12= sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/Ltf jf6 ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ;b:o %&( hgf jf6 &)& hgf k'u]sf . 13= kf+r j6f u|fdL0f jrt tyf C0f ;d"xx? ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf cfj4 ePsf .


Project Title: c3f{vf+rL lhNnfdf ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodåf/f s[lif pTkfbgsf] jhf/ Joj:yfkg cfof]hgfProject No: 609/2008-09 Project Coordinator: ;bfgGb h};LAddress: lzjfno uf=lj=;= jf8{ g+= $ k|ultrf]s, s'Zdf kj{tTelephone: )^&– $@)(#& df]jfO{n (*$!##%(*# Fax: )^&– $@)@)^ Email: [email protected] ; [email protected] Collaborating organisations: • RCHDC - Arghakhanchi

• District Agriculture Development Office, Arghakhanchi Start Date: >fj0f )^^ End Date: kmfNu"0f )^* Project Cost: @((*)&^. Location of Project: c3f{vf+rL lhNnfsf % uflj; - g/kfgL, vf+rLsf]6, g'jfsf]6, l9s'/f / wgrf}/_

BACKGROUND $)*^( kl/jf/df !!@)$@ dlxnf / (^#$( k'?if hg;+Vof ePsf] c3f{vf+rL lhNnfdf #($ j6f ls;fg ;d"x s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf btf{ eO{ s[oflzn /x]sf 5g\ . lt ;d"xx?df $%%@ dlxnf / @(%& k'?if ;+ul7t 5g\ . oL dWo] !*& ;d"xsf] p2]Zo ljlqm of]Uo s[lif pTkfbg -t/sf/L, kmnkm"n, slkm, df}/L, cb'jf cfbL_ ug]{ /x]sf] 5 . oL ;j} ;d"xn] s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, s[lif If]qdf sfo{/t !# :yflgo u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf jf cGo ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf s[lif pTkfbg a[l4 ug]{ s'g} g s'g} ;Lk k|fKt u/L s[lif pTkfbg j[l4df k|oTglzn 5g\ . oL ;d"xx?n] ;+sng u/]sf] !%$&$()÷– xLtsf]if klg s[lif pTkfbg j[l4sf] nflu kl/rfng eO{ lbg k|ltlbg a9L /x]sf] 5 . c3f{vf+rL lhNnfsf ^(∞ eGbf jl9 ls;fg;+u cfkm\gf] v]tL of]Uo hldg !) /f]kgL eGbf sd 5 . t;y{ ;d"xdf cfj4 ls;fgx?df ltg} ;fgf ls;fgx?sf] jfx'Notf x'g' :jefljs 5 . ;fgf ls;fgx?sf] s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg kl/df0f yf]/} x'G5 . To;nfO{ cf+km}n] plrt d'No kfpg] jhf/df k'¥ofpg vlr{nf] x'G5 eg] l5/lnP/ j;]sf ls;fgx?n] yf]/} yf]/} pTkfbg u/]sf] s[lifhGo j:t' lsGg 6f9fsf] Jofkf/L klg cfO{ k'Ub}gg\ . cfof]hgf If]qsf afl;Gbfsf] s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg / jhf/ Joj:yf ug]{ vfnsf s'g} ;+/rgf jf ;xsf/L klg lhNnfdf pknJw 5}gg\ . t;y{ o; lhNnfsf Jojzflos s[lif pTkfbg tkm{ cu|;/ ;j} ls;fgx?sf] ;+w} cfkm\gf] pTkfbgn] plrt ahf/ gkfPsf] u'gf;f] ug]{ / s]xL ;do kl5 ;f] Jojzfojf6 knfog x'g] u/]sf] kfO{G5 . ;d"xdf cfj4 ls;fgx?nfO{ ;fd'lxs ?kdf l;k÷k|ljlw l;Sg / jhf/ Joj:y fug{ ;fd'lxs ?kdf k|oTg ug{ nufpg' pko'Qm x'G5 . To;sf]nflu jhf/sf] dfudf cfwf/Lt pTkfbg k|0ffnL / pTkflbt j:t'nfO{ ls;fgx?sf] ;+nUgtf / nufgLdf cfwf/Lt ;xsf/Ljf6 plrt d'No k|fKt x'g] jhf/df k7fpg] kl/kf6L :yflkt ug' g} ;j} eGbf pko'Qm pkfo b]lvG5 . ;f]xL k|of]hgsf]nflu ls;fg ;d"xx?, s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf k|fljlws / ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx?sf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfj cg';f/ of] cfof]hgf k|:tfj tof/ kf/LPsf] xf] . PROJECT SUMMARY c3f{vf+rL lhNnfsf ;j}h;f] jf8{df slDtdf Pp6f ;fd'bflos ;+u7g s[oflzn /x]sf 5g\ . ;j} ;fd'bflos ;+u7gx?n] s[lifdf cfwf/Lt s'g} g s'g} cfo cfh{gsf sfdx? ul/ /x]sf5g\ . t/ lt cfo cfh{gsf sfddf s[lifhGo j:t'sf] -ljz]if u/L t/sf/L, dx, cfn', kmnkm"n tyf cGgjfnL_ pTkfbgx? s'g} of]hgf ljgf h;nfO{ hlxn] dgnfUof] TolQa]nf pTkfbg ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . ahf/d s'g ;dodf s'g s[lifhGo j:t'sf] dfu / d"No pRr x'G5 eGg] hfgsf/L s[ifsx?nfO{ pknJw 5}g . To;}u/L To; If]qsf] kfo kg]{ jhf/sf Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ klg slxn] s'g s[lifhGo j:t' sltdfqfdf pTkfbg x'G5 ;f] jf/]df hfgsf/L x'b}g . To;sf/0f pTkflbt a:t'n] plrt jhf/ kfpg ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . pTkflbt a:t'n] plrt d"No gkfPsf] sf/0f Jojzflos ljlqm of]Uo s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg ug]{ s[ifs klg s]xL ;do kl5 lgjf{xd"vL s[lif pTkfbg tkm{ knfog tkm{ knfog ePsf] b]lvG5 . Jojzflos ?kdf s[lifhGo pTkfbg ul/ /x]sf s[ifsx?n] x/]s e]nf j}7sx?df s[lifhGo j:t'sf] jhf/ Joj:yfkg jf/]df rsf]{ cfjfh p7fp+b} cfPsf lyP . æs[lif If]qsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj b'j} a[l4 ug]{ ljlw k|lqmofnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{Æ /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifsf] nIf 5 . o; cfof]hgfsf] ;xof]udf cfof]hgf If]qsf %&! s[ifs kl/jf/nfO{ kfos kg]{ ahf/ If]qdf s[lifhGo j:t'sf] dfu / d"Nosf] jf/]df hfgsf/L lg/Gt/ kfO{ /xg] Joj:yf / ls;fgx?n] ahf/sf] dfudf cfwf/Lt jfnLkfqf] jgfO{ s[lif pTkfbg ug]{ kl/kf6L j;fNg]5g\ . To:t} afnL kfqf]sf] cfwf/df pTkflbt s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg kl/df0f af/]df Jofkf/Lx?n] yfxf kfpg] pTkflbt s[lif j:t'nfO{ s[ifsx?s} ;+nUgtfdf :yflkt ;xsf/L dfkm{t plrt d"No kfpg] ahf/df ljlqm ug]{


kl/kf6L :yflkt ug]{5 . o; kl/of]hgfn] sfo{qmdsf] sfo{qmdsf] cGTo;Dddf jhf/sf] dfudf cfwf/Lt s[lif pTkfbg ug{ pTk|]/Lt ug]{ / pTkflbt j:t'sf] ahf/ Joj:yf ug]{ kl/kf6L :yflkt u/fpg] 5 . h;jf6 o; cfof]hgf If]qsf s[ifsx?nsf] s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj b'j} j[l4 x'g]5 . t;y{ o; cfof]hgfn] /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifsf] nIf k|flKtdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] 5 . ls;fgx?sf dfux? kl/k'lt{ ug{ / NARDF sf] nIf kl/k'lt{df ;xof]u ug{ cfj]bs ;+:yfsf] s[lif ljsf;sf] If]qdf nfdf] ;do;Dd cu'ufO{ ul/ cfPsf s[lif ljz]if1sf] g]t[tj / RCHDC sf] ;xof]u tyf :yflgo uflj;x? ;d]tsf] ;xof]udf s[ifsx?s}dfq ;+nUgtfdf ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodåf/f s[lifhGo j:t'sf] Jojzflos pTkfbg tyf lt j:t'sf] jhf/ ;'lglZrt u/L u|fld0f If]qsf s[ifsx?sf] lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ ug]{ p2]Zo /fvL cfof]hgf k|:tfj tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . Project Purpose/Objectives NARDF sf] p2]Zo dWo] Pp6f p2]Zo …pkof]ustf{sf] dfu cg'?ksf / kf/Ljf/Ls yk cfo j[l4 ug]{ ljlw k|lqmofnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{Ú /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;sf]nflu tof/ ul/Psf] bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgfsf p2]Zox? dWo] æs[lifhGo a:t'sf] cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug]{ tyf ;+efJo s[lif pkhsf] lgof{t k|j4{g ug'{sf ;fy} :yflgo s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pkof]usf] ljsf;sfnflu sRrf kbfy{ cfk'lt{ ug]{Æ klg /x]sf] 5 -s[lif ljsf; sfof{no c3f{vf+rL @)^%_ . o; cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo klg s[lif ;d"xdf cfj4 eO{ Jojzflos ?kdf s[lif pTkfbg ul/ ;f]jf6 x'g] cfo cfh{gåf/f hLjg:t/ ;'wf/ ug{ k|oTg/t ls;fgx?nfO{ pgLx?sf] pTkfbgn] lg/Gt/ ?kdf plrt d"No kfpg] cfjZos u'0f:t/Lo jLp ljhg / s[lif cf}hf/sf] pknJwtfdf ;xhtf / s[ifsx?nfO{ cfjZos 1fg, l;k tyf k|ljlw lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|fKt ug]{ kl/kf6L :yflkt ug]{ /x]sf] 5 . To; k|sf/sf] kl/kf6L ls;fgx?sf]dfq ;+nUgtf / nufgLdf :yflkt x'g] s[lif ;xsf/Ln]dfq j;fNg ;S5 . To; k|sf/sf] ;xsf/Ln] s[ifsx?nfO{ JolQmut tyf ;fd'lxs of]hgf jgfO{ pTkfbg ug{ pTk|]/Lt / pTkflbt j:t'nfO{ plrt d"No kfpg] jhf/df k'¥ofpg] Joj:yf ug]{5 . o;jf6 ls;fgn] cfkm\gf lgoldt pTkfbg tyf cfDbfgLjf6 vfg k'Ug] cjlwdf yk # dlxgf j[l4 ug{ ;Ifd x'g] 5 . NARDF sf] nIf æs[lif If]qsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj b'j} j[l4 ug]{ ljlw k|lqmofnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{Æ tyf p2]Zo …s[lif j:t'sf] pTkfbg j[l4åf/f vfB ;'/Iff clej[l4 ug]{Ú /x]sf] 5 . o; cfof]hgfn] s[ifsx? cf+km}n] jhf/sf] dfudf cfwf/Lt s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg ug]{, ;f] sf] plrt d"No k|fKt ug]{ / cfjZos 1fg, l;k tyf k|ljlw klg cfkm\g} kxndf cfjZostf cg';f/ k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] kl/kf6L :yflkt ug]{ p2]Zo /fv]sf]n] cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zon] /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifsf] nIf p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ ;'lglZrt 5 . Beneficiaries

cfof]hgf If]qsf g'jfsf]6, wgrf}/, l9s'/f, vf+rLsf]6 / g/kfgL uf=lj=;=sf $%@( kl/jf/ dWo] !)^^ kl/jf/ ;+nUg ePsf vfBfGg, t/sf/L, df}/L, kmnkm"n tyf ljljw pTkfbgsf] p2]Zo lnO{ btf{ ePsf %@ s[ifs ;d'zx dWo] ljlqm of]Uo s[lifhGo j:t' pTkfbg ug]{ p2]Zo #) j6f /x]sf 5g\ . lt s[ifs ;d"xdf cfj4 $)* dlxnf / !*% k'?if u/L hDdf %(# ls;fgx?n] cfof]hgfsf] ;xof]ujf6 cfkm\gf] pTkfbgsf] jhf/ Joj:yf ug]{ kl/kf6L :yflkt ul/ cfkm\gf] hLjg:t/ ;'wf/ ug]{5g\ . cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg t/ cfkm\gf] v]tL of]Uo hldg Go"g ePsf ljkGg ls;fgx?n] klg w]/} hldg x'g] ls;fgnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ >ldssf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ yk cfj;/ k|fKt ul/ nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ . cfof]hgfn] k|ToIf ?kdf g;d]6]sf cGo ls;fgx? klg k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg ls;fgx?n] u/]sf] sfdsf] ;f]wvf]h tyf cg's/0f ul/ nfeflGjt x'g ;Sg] 5g\ . cfof]hgf If]qsf ghLsdf j:g] pkef]Qmfx? klg tfhf tyf :j:ys/ vfBj:t' lsg]/ vfg] cj;/ kfpg]5g\ . Targeted Out puts and Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Output 1 s[ifsx?n] cfkm\gf] hldgdf pTkfbg x'g] s[lif pTkfbgsf] cj:yf, ;f] sf] jhf/df dfu / d"No s] s:tf] 5 eGg]

;"rgf lgoldt ?kdf cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ kl/kf6L :yflkt ePsf] x'g] 5 . !=!= ;g\ @)!) sf] cGTo;Dddf cfof]hgf If]qdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg ls;fg ;d"xn] cfkm\gf] ;d"xsf sf] s:sf]df

s] slt kl/df0fdf s:tf] u'0f:t/sf] ljlqm of]Uo s[lif pTkfbg 5 / x'g ;S5 eGg] oyfy{ tYof+s ;+sng ul/ lgoldt ?kdf s[lif ;xsf/LnfO{ pknJw u/fO{ /x]sf x'g]5g\

!=@= @)!) sf] cGTo;Dd #) ;d"x s[ifs ;d"xx?n] cfkm\gf] kfos kg]{ jhf/ If]qdf s'g ;dodf s[lifhGo j:t'sf] dfu / d'Nosf] cj:yf s] 5 eGg] ;'rgf lgoldt ?kdf k|fKt ul/ /x]sf x'g]5g\ .

Output 2 : s[ifsx?n] ;d"xut ?kdf jflif{s s[lif pTkfbgsf]nflu jfnL kfqf] tof/L u/L sfof{Gjog ul//x]sf x'g]5g\ @=! @)!) sf] cGTo;Dddf cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg ;j} ;d"xsf %(# s[ifsx?n] kfos kg]{ If]qjf6 k|fKt

;'rgfnfO{ cfwf/ jgfO{ jhf/sf] dfudf cfwf/Lt eO{ cfkm\gf] If]qdf /fd|f] pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg jfnLkfqf] tof/ ul/ ;f]xL cg';f/ tf]lsPsf] u'0f:t/sf] s[lif j:t' pTkfbg ul/ /x]sf x'g]5g\ .


@=@ @)!! sf] cGTo;Dddf cfofhgfdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg ls;fgx? dWo] yf]/} hldg ePsf !)) ls;fgx?n] ;d"xn] tof/ kf/]sf] afnLkfqf]df pNn]v eP cg';f/sf jfnL pTkfbg ug]{ / pTkflbt s[lifhGo j:t'nfO{ jhf/ k'¥ofpg] sfo{df cf}ift jflif{s %) lbg yk sfdsf] cj;/ k|fKt ul/ jflif{s slDtdf ? !) xhf/ yk cfDbfgL u/]sf x'g]5g\ .

Output 3 : s[ifs ;d"xx?sf] ;+nUgtf / :jldTjdf :yflkt ;xsf/Ljf6} s[lif pTkfbgsf] v/Lb ljlqm ug]{ :yfoL kl/kf6Lsf] :yfkgf ePsf] x'g]5 .

#=! @)!) sf] cGTo;Dddf cfof]hgfdf If]qsf ljlwjt ;d"xsf] ?kdf ;+ul7t ls;fgx?sf] z]o/df cfwf/Lt s[lifhGo j:t'sf] v/Lb ljlqm ug]{ p2]Zo /fv]sf] slDtdf Pp6f ;xsf/L sfg"gL ?kdf :yflkt eO{ sfo{ ul/ /x]sf] x'g]5 .

#=@ @)!! sf] cGTo;Dddf cfofhgfdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg ls;fgx? dWo] slDtdf %)) ls;fgx?n] cf+km"n] a]Rg' kg]{ s[lifhGo j:t' ;j} cf+km} ;+nUg ePsf] ;xsf/L dfkm{t ljlqm u/L cf}iftdf jflif{s ? !% xhf/ cfDbfgL u/L /x]sf x'g]5g\ .

Output 4 : ;kmn / cg's/0fLo pknlJwx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] x'g]5 . $=! :yflgo tyf /fli6«o :t/sf ;+rf/ dfWodjf6 cfof]hgf If]qsf k|ult, ;kmntf tyf l;sfO{ ;DjlGw ;dfrf/ n]v

/rgf k|sf;g ul/ /x]sf x'g]5g\ . $=@ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] o; If]qnfO{ cWoog cjnf]sg ug]{ If]qsf] ?kdf dfGotf lbO{ cWoog cjnf]sg

ug{ cfpg] x?nfO{ o; If]qsf] cjnf]sg e|d0f ug{ pTk|]/Lt ul/ /x]sf] x'g] 5 . Up-scaling Pathways

of] cfof]hgf ls;fgx?nfO{ bLuf] ?kdf cfkm\gf] s[lif pTkfbg j[l4 ug]{ / ;f] sf] jhf/ Joj:yf ;d]t cf+km\g} ;+nUgtfdf ug]{ kl/kf6L :yflkt x'g] ul/ tof/ kf/LPsf] 5 . o; cfof]hgfn] ;fd'lxs ?kn] s[lif pTkfbgdf ;+nUg ls;fgx?nfO{ g} cfkm\gf] nlIft ju{ dfg]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] pknlJw eg]sf] s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodåf/f s[ifsx?sf] pTkfbg j[l4 tyf pTkflbt j:t'sf] jhf/ Joj:yf ug]{ /x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L :yfkgf ug{ cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg ls;fgx?g} x'g]5g\ . cfof]hgfdf ;+nUg dlxnfx?sf] ;+Vof b'O{ ltxfO{ eGbf jl9 ePsf]n] ;xsf/Lsf] lg0f{o k|lqomofdf klg dlxnfx?sf] lg0f{os e"ldsf /xg] 5 . cfof]hgfsf jf:tljs nlIft ;d"xn] cfkm\gf] pTkfbg ljlqm ul/ cfDbfgL ug'{sf cltl/Qm ;xsf/Lsf] cfDbfgLjf6 ;d"xnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ 1fg, l;k tyf k|ljlw klg l;Sg kfpg] x'gfn] s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg lgoldt x'g] 5 . cfof]hgf cjlwdf cfof]hgf If]qdf pTkflbt j:t' nu]/ ljlqm ug{ ;lsg] sf7df08f}, kf]v/f, j'6jn, h:tf jhf/df s'g ;dodf s'g j:t'sf] s] d"No x'g] /x]5 eGg] cWoog ug]{ ;d"xx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] u/Lg] 5 . o;jf6 ;d"xn] s'g ;dodf s'g j:t' pTkfbg u/] jl9 d'No kfO{G5 To:tf j:t' cfkm\gf] ;d'xdf s] slt pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 To; jf/]df lg0f{o ul/ ;f]xL cg';f/ sfof{Gjog ug]{ 5g\ . o;jf6 jhf/df cfjZos kg]{ j]nfdf ls;fg ;d"xjf6 j:t' pTkfbg ug{ pTk|]/0ff ldNg] g} 5 . cfof]hgf cjlwdf lgdf{0f tyf k|j4{g ul/Psf ;xsf/Ljf6 cfof]hgfsf pknlJwx?sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g÷k|j4{g ug]{ kl/kf6L :yflkt x'g] 5 . SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Activities Proposed

Activities Progress status !=! sfo{qmdjf/] hfgsf/L @)^^ >fj0f dlxgfdf ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf] !=@ ;d"xsf] cfwf/e"t tYof+s ;+sng– @)^^ efb| / cflZjg dlxgfdf ;DkGg ePsf] !=# tYof+s ljZn]if0f tyf k|ltj]bg tof/L – @)^^ d+lz/–kf}if dlxgfdf ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf] !=$ jhf/sf] dfu / d"No ;DjlGw tYof+s ;+sng÷;Dk|]if0f

)^^ sflt{s dlxgfjf6 lg/Gt/ rln )^* kmfNu'gdf ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf]

!=% jhf/sf] dfu / d"No jf/]df ;d'xdf 5nkmn @)^^ dfu{ dlxgf b]lv lg/Gt/ rln /x]sf] 5 @=! ;d"xut ?kdf s[lif pTkfbg ;DjlGw jfnLkfqf]

tof/L / k|of]udf ;xof]u )^^ sflt{s dlxgf b]lv ;+rfng eO{ /x]sf] 5 )^* kmfNu'gdf ;DkGg ePsf].

@=@ s[ifsx?sf] 1fg, l;k wf/0ff ljsf; )^^ r}qjf6 ljleGg r/0fdf ;+rfnLt . -;DkGg_ #=! ;d'bfodf cfwf/Lt s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgfdf ;xof]u

cfof]hgf If]qdf % j6f s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgf ePsf] 5 ;fy} ;j} ;xsf/Lsf] lhNnf :t/Lo s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgf ePsf] 5 .

#=@ s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] ;+:yfut ljsf;df ;xof]u @)^& d+l;/ jf6 z'?jft eO{ @)^* j}zfvdf ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf]

#=# s[lif j:t'sf] v/Lb ljlqm Joj:yf ;"rgf hfgsf/Lx? Jojl:yt ug]{ sfo{ @)^^ dfu{ b]lv


lg/Gt/ rln /x]sf] 5 . s[lif ;fdfu|L vl/b ljqmL ug{ u7g ePsf] ;Ghfnn] ;fdfu|L vl/b ug{sf] nflu Jofkfl/x? ;+u ;Dks{ tyf klxrfg ul/ kl/of]hgf If]qdf pTkfbg ePsf] s[lif ;fdfu|Lx?sf] vl/b ljqmL ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] 5 .

$=! ;+rf/ dfWodjf6 k|rf/ k|;f/

@)^& >fj0f b]vL lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfof]hgfsf ultljlw, pknlJwx? tyf To; ;DjlGw ;dfrf/ :yflgo b]p/fnL Pkm=Pd=jf6 k|;f/0f x'g] u/]sf] 5 . )^* kmfNu'gdf ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf]

$=@ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+u ;dGjo klxnf] ;dGjo j}7s )^^ >fj0fdf , b]f>f] )^& c;f/df t]>f] @)^* c;f/df ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf] 5 .

$=# cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg cfof]hgf 6Ld / s[lif ljsf; sfof{no jf6 lgoldt cg'udg eO{ /x]5 . ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf]

Achievements (also include Findings in case of Research Projects) ! s[ifsx?n] cfkm\gf] hldgdf xfn pTkfbg eO{ /x]sf] / pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] s'g j:t'sf] j'6jn, kf]v/f / sf7df08f}df

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through promotion of genetically improved pig genotypes in Bardiya district.

Project No : PP-610/2008/09 Project Coordinator Ram Prasad Ghimire Address United Youth Community-Nepal (UNYC – Nepal), Guleriya, Bardiya Telephone 9851137079, 084 420012/421038 Fax 084-421038 Email [email protected]; [email protected] Collaboration/Partners District Livestock Services Office, Guleriya, Bardiya Community

Development Organization, Guleriya, Bardiya Duration of Project August 2009 to July 2012 (3 years project) Project Cost Rs. 2160000.00 (Nrs.1926000.00 NARDF budget and 224000.00

Collaborators Contribution) Location of Project Eleven VDCs of Karnalipari of Baridiya district (Rajapur, Bhimapur,

Manpur tapara, Badalpur, Daulatpur, Manaou, Pashupatinagar, Gola, Patavaar, Naya gaun and Khairichandan) of Mid Western Development Region

PROJECT SUMMARY Background Bardiya district is predominantly an agricultural district of Nepal. Majority of the human population of the district is from Tharu ethnic group. Accordingly, the Tharu community holds the major population (about 70%) of the Rajapur, Bhimapur, Manpur tapara, Badalpur, Daulatpur, Manaou, Pashupatinagar, Gola, Patavaar, Naya gaun and Khairichandanpur VDCs. All these 11 VDCs are surrounded by Karnali river in east, north and west (Karnalipari); and are considered as backward in terms of social, educational and physical


development. The major occupation of the Tharu community in these VDCs is agriculture (crop-livestock mixed farming). Piggery is generally popular among the socially disadvantaged and economically poor peoples in the Tharu community of Bardiya due to cash generation, household nutrition and some religious/socio-cultural purpose. Culturally, the communities are raising the pigs almost in every household of the aforementioned VDCs of Bardiya district. Scavenging system of pig farming has been a traditional occupation in the district. Pigs are reared in low plane of nutrition, inadequately housed and highly inbred resulting in low productivity. The pigs adopted in the community are of local breeds. The productivity of the existing breeds, in terms of live weight (20 -30 kg adult weight) and prolificacy (3-7 piglets in parity) are quite low in comparison to the improved ones. The improved breeds; landrace and yorkshire are higher productive, attains higher live weight of 100 to 250 kg adult weight and 10-15 piglets in the moderate management conditions The project envisaged to enhance the livelihood of the resource poor farmers of Tharu communities in the Bardiya district. Project Purpose The purpose of the project is to increase the pork production and improve the productivity of the pig herds of resource poor farmers in Bardiya district. The project broadly envisaged to increase the household income for enhancing the livelihood of the resource poor farmers of Tharu communities in the Bardiya district, which will be an important effort for the poverty reduction in regional and national level. The project expected the increment of 10 percent population of the pig from the present population of 42000 heads of pigs in Bardiya district. Similarly, the increment of the productivity of pig is expected from 38 to 55 kg dressed meat pig-1, and increment in income by NRs 15000 year-1. This improvement will be achieved by introduction of high productive pig breeds (viz. yorkshire and landrace) and capacity building of the farmers for improved managerial practices through training, visits and regular monitoring. Beneficiaries A total of 220 fattener farmers and 3 breeder farmers involved in the project (from Rajapur, Bhimapur, Manpur tapara, Badalpur, Daulatpur, Manaou, Pashupatinagar, Gola, Patavaar, Naya gaun and Khairichandan VDCs of Bardiya district of Mid Western Development Region) are the first hand beneficiaries by getting the improved genotypes of pigs, training on raising technologies and necessary services on inputs and outputs. Also, partial job opportunities for at least 220 farmers and full time jobs for 3 farmers will be created to the farmers of the project location. The farmers from the vicinity of the project areas are benefited by the project during the project period and also will be after the accomplishment of the project. They are benefited from dissemination of genetically superior piglets, improved management technologies and well established market channel. Three resource centers established by the project in participation with leader farmers (breeder farmers) will be continued after the accomplishment of the project. Strong linkages are established between breeder farmers and DLSO Bardiya; and technical inputs are/will be provided by DLSO, Bardiya. In future, the breeder farms will be the resource centers for improved piglet for DLSOs, CBOs, NGOs and farmers. Hence, the pig farmers of the Mid and Far Western Regions are/will be benefitted by getting genetically superior piglets and disseminations of skills and technologies from farmers to farmers. Improvement of meat shops has benefited to the butchers, pork consumers by maintaining meat quality. Strengthening of the market channels are benefiting pork producers, butchers and market personnel. Local and regional pig marketing intermediates and butchers are/will be benefited by getting the higher numbers of pigs in the local areas, established market channels and improved slaughter houses. Other pig breeding farms/pig resource centers, feed industries and agro-vet shops of the Mid and Far Western Regions are getting opportunities to extend their market and will continue in future. In addition, the visitors and other farmers groups will get the appropriate venue of very good example of the improved pigs under resource poor farming community. The publication like success stories will be beneficial to all the extension workers, researchers, progressive farmers, university teachers, students and so on. The women who will participate in the project will be directly involved in the income generating activities. It will empower them, which contribute to the gender balance in the society, and if applied in broader scale in the nation.


The project will be implemented for the livelihood improvement of the Tharu communities which will help to bring them into the mainstream of national development. It will strengthen the social inclusion in the national process. Objectively verifiable indicators Because of the introduction of 220 improved genotypes of pigs, additional 35 tons of pork and 300 piglets will be produced by 2011 in the project location. With the introduction of two improved breeds of pigs, and training and observation tour of the farmers, improved pig raising technologies will be adopted by the end of 2009. It will create partial job opportunities to 220 pig raising farmers and full time job opportunities to 3 breeder farmers. At least five meat shops will be improved for quality and hygienic meat production and supply. Those meat shops will be improved by paving tiles/marbles, and provision of ventilation, tap, drainage and the like. A workshop will be organized, experiences/lesion learned and success story published to upscale the programs of the project by the end of 2011. Up scaling pathways A one day workshop will be organized at the end of the project. The DLSOs of Bardiya, Banke, Kailali and Kanchanpur, functional NGOs, CBOs and farmers' groups/communities, meat shop entrepreneurs, representatives from Chamber of Commerce and Industries will be invited for participation in workshop. The experiences and lesson learned will be shared, and discussions will be made on important issues, development procedures and impact of the project. It will be an effective uptake pathway of the project for its wider dissemination. The success story publication (in Nepali) of the project will help to the dissemination and replication of the project in other areas of the country. The success story will be distributed to the DLSOs, NGOs, CBOs, progressive farmers, extension workers, researchers, university/vocational school teachers, students; from which they will acquire knowledge and experience sharing of the technical and practical field. Inter-district and intra-district observation tour/visit of farmers will be another up scaling pathways for the farmers of other areas. The delivered knowledge and skills in the training, distributed improved pig germplasms will be disseminated from farmers to farmers in wider scale due to its comparatively better profit making. DLSOs, NGOs, CBOs and other developmental agencies will continue the program by incorporating it in their annual program and budgeting. SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs: Output 1 Additional pork and piglets produced

Survey report was prepared. Base level information on the social, economic, cultural dimensions of the farmers and the information on livestock population, breeds and breeding, feed and feeding, health and bio-security measures and management related issues were established. Eleven groups of the farmers were formed and working in group approach. More than 100 peoples including policy makers, extension workers, farmers, administrators were familiarized about the project and minor amendments were made for implementation. Two hundred and 23 scientifically modified pig sties were constructed in the area. Three high productive breeds (Landrace, Yorkshire and duroc) were introduced in the areas. At least 15 tons of additional pork and 1200 piglets of improved breeds produced in the project area

Output 2 Improved pig raising technology adopted At least two improved breeds of pigs established by the end of 2009 The skill of the total of 223 farmers for improved piggery was developed through training and observation tours. At least one technology of improved pig rearing in semi- condition adapted to the 223 farmers. Partial job opportunities for at least 223 people created.

Output 3 Meat shops improved and marketing channel established Three marketing channel established Six joint trainings to the farmers were organized in the breeder farmers farm premise and linkages for piglet marketing were established.


A linkage for the ready-pig (live pig) marketing is established by the formation of three Marketing Co-ordination Committee and their regular meetings. Five meat shop improved and capacity of five meat entrepreneurs enhanced for clean and hygienic meat production/handelling

Output 4 Technology disseminated (to be done) Five meat shop improved and capacity of five meat entrepreneurs enhanced for clean and hygienic meat production/handelling

Project Status Report: Activities Proposed

Activities Activity status Remarks 1.1 Baseline

survey

Baseline survey in the aforesaid 11 VDCs of Rajapur areas was completed in Sept 2009 and the survey report was submitted to NARDF. The information on social, economic, cultural dimensions of the farmers and the information on livestock population, breeds and breeding, feed and feeding, health and bio-security measures and management related issues. Likewise, production performance and economics (cost and return) of livestock is also recorded. The information of the base year of the project is collected and established. The information will be used for the comparison to assess the change due to the intervention of the project in the end of the third year of the project.

Heavy rain and flood causes delay start of the project activities. But, completed very successfully.

1.2 Update the existing farmers' groups

Existing 11 groups (formed by DLSO-Bardiya and UNYC-Nepal) were updated/reformed and sensitized as the fattener farmers group. One group consisting of 20 female farmers (almost 80 percent from Tharu communities) was prepared for the project in each VDC. The activity was completed on Nov, 2009. Three breeder farmers were selected in Manau, Nayagaun and Patavaar VDCs.

1.3 Project inception workshop

A project inception workshop organized in Nov 2009. Project staffs, collaborators, DLSOs, NGOs, representatives of District Development Committee and District Administration Office, representatives of political parties and social workers had participated the workshop. Project objectives, implementation details and expected outputs were presented in the workshop. A discussion session was organized and minor amendments on working details were made.

1.4 Agreements and bonding

The agreements were made between project and breeder and fatteners farmers in Dec 2009. The project co-coordinator and president/or secretary of each group had undersigned in the agreement paper. The breeder farmers will rear the pigs at least for 5 years and fattener farmers for at least 8 months.

2.1 Training

Altogether, 36 trainings were organized in the areas. The total of 220 fattener farmers and 3 breeder farmers were trained (in-situ) for pig sty construction, pre-requisite management and feeding management in February and March 2010.

2.2 Observation tour

Observation tour of 3 breeder farmers and 100 fattener farmers of five VDCs was completed in March 2010. The farmers had visited the scientifically constructed and managed private pig farms of Banke (2), and Bardiya. The tour/visit will be organized for rest of the farmers in the third trimester of the first year of the project.


Activities Activity status Remarks 1.5 Pig sty

construction

The selected 223 farmers had constructed the pig sties. The pig sties were constructed by the farmers in their own investment except a little subsidy (NRs 1000 for fattener farmers and 10000 for breeder farmers) by the project. The newly constructed sties are of cemented floored except some wooden floored.

2.3 Demonstration of different models of balanced ration preparation

Different models of feed formulation/preparation were demonstrated in the farmers’ field. Collaborator/DLSO Chief Krishna Kanta Neupane and expert Laxmi Prasad Adhikari were involved in the demonstration of the methodology of ration formulations/preparations for every group. The respective technicians (involved in the project) and social mobilzers from UNYC-Nepal (those who are involved in the project) had assisted in the demonstration process and gathering and other group mobilization process.

1.6 Distribution of the piglets

The farmers were divided into four groups for distributing the piglets. Then the piglets were distributed to the breeder farmers in the first phase in January 2010. A total of 15 piglets (1 male and 4 female piglets to each breeder farmers) were distributed in Manau, Nayagaun and Patavaar with the aim of developing them as resource centres in future. The breeder farmers were not included in the group fund. Then second, third and fourth phase, 220 piglets were distributed for the fattener farmers.

2.4 Technical guidance and monitoring of the distributed piglets

Technical assistances on feeding management, breeding management and husbandry practices has being provided to both types of farmers; fatteners and breeders regularly. The vaccinations of swine fever, foot and mouth disease and scheduled deworming has been done each year. DLSO, Bardiya is actively collaborating in the process. The data base has been updated regularly. Three technicians for respective service centers/sub-service centers has been technically guiding to the farmers and three social mobilizers are being facilitating the program. Regular monitoring of the both types of the farmers is being done by Community Development Organization staffs, DLSO staffs, NARDF personnel and the experts.

3.1 Marketing channel strengthen

Thirty six one-day in-situ trainings were conducted in the farmers' field. Training courses were conducted at the time of sty construction, prerequisite management and at the time of piglet distribution. Six trainings were conducted in the breeder farmers' farms/premise, which has made linkage between breeder farmers, fattener farmers for the marketing of piglets. Three marketing co-ordination committees were formed in the project sites. The Breeder farmer(s), fattener farmers, middle men and meat shop entrepreneurs are the member of the committees. It has created/strengthened the marketing linkages between slaughter houses and the fattener farmers. Two committees has completed a couple of meetings, but one committee has organized one meeting to date. A form has which contains the database of pigs was developed and distributed to the farmers. But, collection of the forms is still


Activities Activity status Remarks remained.

3.2 Local meat shop improvement

The project has improved five meat shops in the areas. The capacity building of a total of five meat shop entrepreneurs were done in the areas. The entrepreneurs have started to maintain meat hygiene and sanitation of their shops. It has attracted the attentions of other meat shop entrepreneurs, consumers and piggery farmers in the areas. Moreover, a total of five meat shops were improved for the hygienic and appropriate slaughtering and quality meat marketing. Five meat shops were paved by tiles in the meat handling areas, tap and drainage management in the meat handling areas. The activity is contributed substantially to achieve the output of improved meat shops and established/strengthened market channel.

4.1Up-scaling of the program

Some part of this activity is completed recently. Organizing the visit of surrounding farmers to the project sites were completed. Rests are completed in the third trimester of the third year of the project.

4.2 Reporting/ publication

Periodic reports are prepared and submitted to NARDF secretariat and publications will be done in the third trimester if the third year of the project.

Achievements The project is towards the achievements of set four outputs, additional pork and piglets produced (output 1), improved pig raising technology adopted (output 2), meat shop improved and marketing channel established (output 3) and technology disseminated (output 4).

All the activities designed to achieve the output 1 were accomplished very satisfactorily and achieving the output no 1 is continue. A survey report was prepared and submitted to NARDF secretariat. A total of 223 farmers were selected and 11 groups were formed/updated. The farmers were selected and the groups were formed/updated. The persons of the several fields whether covered by the project or not (but will be needed for the implementation of the project in future) were informed/aware about the project in inception workshop. Moreover, the suggestions/guidance to implement the project was taken by the project team which were useful in implementing the activities of the project. The farmers, included by the project were bonded without any difficulties/conditions. Altogether, 223 farmers were trained on modified piggery. Altogether, 223 modified and semi-scientific pig sties are constructed in the area. The constructed sties are now producing additional pork and piglets. Genetically superior 220 piglets were distributed to fattener farmers and three scientific breeding farms are established in the project areas. They are producing and distributing the genetically superior germplasms in the areas. Similarly, distributed fattening-piglets were marketed after 6-8 months of their age. The improved breeds are adopted nicely and now growing with a very good body weight gain. All these works were accomplished very smoothly and farmers are very much enthusiastically involving in the program. The successful accomplishment of these activities is contributing to the production of additional pork and piglets in the project areas, which is strongly towards achieve the output 1. Additional 15 metric tons of pork and more than 1200 piglets were produced by the project in the areas. This additional production is several folds higher than stated in the objectively verifiable indicators.

Several activities like; series of trainings, observation tours to some scientifically managed farms, demonstration programs of different models of balanced ration preparations, and technical guidance and monitoring of distributed piglets all the time had implemented very effectively by the project, which had contributed to achieve the project outputs very satisfactorily. In the materialized term, three improved breeds (Yorkshire, Landrace and Duroc) of pigs were established in the areas and the semi-scientific technologies of their adoption were adopted. Altogether, 235 improved pigs and their improved raising technologies are


adopted in the areas. The technologies were continuously and gradually transferred to the farmers through technical assistance and monitoring, and also being adopted in the same rate. Some previous activities had delivered the theoretical knowledge/skills, resources (for e.g. piglets, subsidies to sty construction), training, observation tour and demonstrations of different models of balanced ration preparation in the project areas to the farmers. Those had enriched and made them with the more knowledgeful, skilful, confident and entrepreneur. The activities have added the technical know-how and practical experiences. They are adopting the acquired knowledge and skills in their field, and were observed quite efficient in piggery. The project become very much effective because of their capacity enhanced through the different methods of handovers of the various technologies and dimensions. Moreover, the activity had directly supported them directly in their piggery, and also their other livestock to some extent. Regular visit of veterinarian, project staffs, and social mobilizers had made their livestock fit and fine and project as well. The project has been running very much successfully.

The capacity building of a total of five meat shop entrepreneurs were done in the areas through two-days training. The entrepreneurs have started to maintain meat hygiene and sanitation of their shops. It has attracted the attentions of other meat shop entrepreneurs, consumers and piggery farmers in the areas. Moreover, a total of five meat shops were improved for the hygienic and appropriate slaughtering and quality meat marketing. Five meat shops were paved by tiles in the meat handling areas, tap and drainage management in the meat handling areas. The consumers of the areas are getting more hygienic meat and now they become aware on the issue of meat hygiene.

Marketing linkages for pork and piglets between different stakeholders were done in the areas. In situ training organized by the project had made more interactions and relationships among piglet producers, meat producers, butchers and meat traders. Regular visits and tea programs organized by the project had resulted better interrelationships between the producers and the pig/meat traders of Kailali (Lamki, Tikapur) and Dang (Lamahi). Similarly, functional existence of there Marketing Co-ordination Committees and their regular meetings has been facilitating the marketing of the fattened pigs and piglets. Moreover, Organization of several interactions, creating and strengthening the linkage, establishing and updating of the simple database and formation of formal committees have been accomplishment very satisfactorily. The established and strengthend channels have started to work for the marketing of piglets and ready pigs. Moreover, more than 100 pig farmers from the vicinity area has visited the sites and the technologies are expected to scaled to some extent.


Project Title: Livelihood Improvement of Small Farmers through Promoting of

Commercial Pointed Gourd Production and Marketing Linkages in Dodahara and Chadani VDCs in Kanchanpur District.

Project No: PP-611/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Kshetra Bahadur Shrestha Address: National Organization for Millennium Society (NORMS, Nepal)

Maitidevi, GPO Box: 3671, Kathamndu, Nepal Telephone: 9841179461(ktm), 9848744575(kanchanpur) Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations:

1. Rural Development Cooperative Society (RuDCoS), Mahendranagar. 2. District Agriculture Development Office (DADO), Kanchanpur 3. Agriculture Sub Centre, Dodahara, Kanchanpur

Start Date: 1 shrawan 2066 End Date: 31 Kartik 2067 Project Cost: 115360 Location of Project: Dodahara and Chadani VDCs in Kanchanpur District.

PROJECT SUMMARY Background Pointed gourd is a tropical/sub-tropical high value cash crop grown in particular areas of the country. It is a non perishable, low cost of production, short gestation and perennial vegetable crop and easy for cultivation. The proposed areas are highly potential for pointed gourd production and it is a major income sources besides that its contribution in food security and to generate income source for poor farmers. The commercial pointed gourd farming has been emerging as a major income generation enterprises. Dodahara and Chadini VDCs newly inhabit areas of the migrated people. Various people and communities have been living together and still they are facing high migration and displacement from hills and other areas because of conflict, poverty and high population growth. The area is isolated and surrounded by Indian Territory. Poverty has widespread in the project areas. Most of the farmers are engaged in subsistence farming and labours. There are more than 70% people are poor and small farmers. The communities are characterized by poverty, food insecurity, unemployment, lack of technical knowledge and opportunities. Social and demographic structure is very complex and they have been always excluded from development services, farming practices and technologies. The project will diversify livelihoods and increases income level at least by 20% and enable them to gain self-earning capabilities. It will help to enhance livelihood about 100 small farmers/pointed gourd producers households and other farmers, vegetable traders and stakeholders benefited directly and indirectly. Project Purpose/Objectives The project aims to improve livelihood of small farmers through promoting commercial pointed gourd production and marketing linkages. Improved production technology transformation is a major activity. The project may be a great opportunity for income generation to the poor farmers in project areas. It is implemented in a practical way that will adopt improved cultivation practices, introduced high yielding varieties, organize producer groups, enhanced technical skills for commercial farming and developed marketing linkages that contribute to sustainable income generation and expected to bring tangible outputs and impacts for agriculture development. Considering these facts, the project has been designed accordingly. As a result, the project intervention contributes to poverty reduction through the adding of extra income by creating self-employment opportunities in the project areas. So, the proposed program has designed as per guidelines with the NARDF priority areas, which has emphasized the agriculture development through promoting and increasing of small farmer’s participation. It will be responsible for the creation of working solidarity in the local community and responsive to fulfill the need of target groups. It is a learning and experience sharing approach for commercial farming and a new dimension of livelihood option for small farmers' development. Therefore, the agricultural technologies and small farmer development issues are interrelated in the project document. The general objective of the project is to enhance livlihood of small


farmer by promoting of commercial farming of pointed gourd in the project areas’.The purpose of the project is to commercialize pointed gourd production and marketing system in the project areas. Beneficiaries Mainly majority of poor/small farmer including women (25%), dalit (10%), poor (50%) and other farmers (15%) are selected for pointed gourd production and they will be organized in 10 producer groups and these are target groups and beneficiaries. Especially, primary beneficiaries are pointed gourd growers constituting 130 households and who have been holding very little land (1-20 Kattha), Secondary target groups are other farmers and related stakeholders like vegetable traders, agro vets and related development organizations. At present, there are some pointed gourd farmers who are engaged in pointed gourd production; they will be mobilized as resource persons for this project implementation. Farmers to farmers working strategy will be applied for the technology transformation. There are about 3000 population who will be target beneficiaries including pointed gourd growers, farm labours, vegetable traders and other participating households. Land less people and others will get employment as farm labour. In addition, the project benefits will also fall over to the other local farmers, stakeholders, service providers, consumers, retailers, wholesalers and development workers to be benefited directly and indirectly. Some activities will be covered in the district and national level too. The target groups and beneficiaries will be selected as per demand and interest of the farmer groups and small farmer, potential pocket areas and recommendations by the working partners.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) 1. Cash income increased by 20% of 130 small farmers households by the end of 2010. 2. Quantity of pointed gourd production and marketing increased by 40% at the end of projects. 3. By end of the first year 500 farmers are aware, 200 farmers developed 130 growers selected 10

producer group formed and 5 potential pocket areas identified. 4. By the end of project at least two markets led high yielding varieties ( kajala and Kakaudi)

introduced. Post harvest losses decreased and improved cultivating practices developed and adopted by the pointed gourd farmers.

5. A pointed gourd producers’ association committee formed and marketing linkage developed in the district and external markets during the project period.

6. Coordination and linkages developed among the producer groups, vegetable traders, stakeholders/ service providers and other development organizations in the project areas.

Up-scaling Pathways Pointed gourd is a minor crop of the country but it is indigenous high value cash crop of the project area. It is a major income sources besides that its contribution in food security and to generate income source for poor farmers. The project will give emphasis to those farmers who are poor and small land holders and access to technical support and advices for commercial farming. The project addressed the following inter-related issues like income generation and self employment opportunities for their livlihood improvement and technical skill enhancement for commercial farming. It will facilitate to involve district based line agencies, development organizations and stakeholders for the project activities implementation. The project will also give higher attention on technical skills enhancement for commercial pointed gourd production and marketing in the project areas. Participatory approach (farmer to farmer technology transformation) applied as promotion pathways for the up scaling of the project outputs by the target group and intended beneficiaries. This is a demand driven project and emphasis is given to promote best practices which will also help in scaling up of the project outputs. It is a new dimension of the livelihood option for income generation so the project will diversify livelihoods increasing income level by at least 20% of 100 households and enable them to gain self-earning capabilities. SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs: Output 1: Small farmers are aware, organized and promoted for commercial pointed gourd production.

Output 2: High yielding varieties are introduced and improved cultivation practices adopted among the farmers in project areas.

Output 3: A pointed gourd producers association formed and marketing linkages developed in the project areas.


Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Project site and farmer selection 4 pocket areas identified and 200 farmers selected

1.2 Awareness campaigns and orientation

A total of 15 awareness raising and orientation classes organized during project period

1.3 Small farmer producer groups formation/development

15 group formed during the project period

1.4 Inter groups field visits and ideas sharing

Completed (three events organized)

2.1 Field level training/classes on production technology

A total of 11 training conducted

2.2 Participatory field demonstration/ experimentation

A total of 13 demonstration conducted

2.3 Provision for Agri inputs/Technical support/advices/supervision

5000 improved nurseries roots and 1000 improved veins (Kajala varieties) were distributed and these are adopted in the sites.

2.4 Training on post harvest technology/quality assurances

A total of 3 training conducted during the project period

3.1 Community Interaction meetings in production and marketing management

A total of 9 meeting organized between farmers and vegetable traders during the project period

3.2 Producer association committee formation and marketing linkages

A pointed gourd producers association committee formed and functionalized

3.3 Project coordination and staff management meetings/workshops

Project coordination meeting were organized regularly

3.4 Project outputs dissemination

Leaflets produced and distributed. Trimester reports, Final project completion reports prepared and submitted to concerned stakeholder

Achievements / Findings 1. Four potential pocket areas were identified and 128 farmers selected for commercial pointed gourd

farming in the project areas. 2. Awareness raising and orientation program through meeting, discussion, orientation classes and the local

FM Radio and newspaper increased the farmers participation in the program and promoted the poor and small farmers in commercial pointed gourd production.

3. Nine pointed gourd producers’ sub groups are formed under the main group and four farmers are identified as leader farmers one in each four production pocket site and a group facilitator developed in each producer groups. They are capacitated and mobilized by project activities regularly for the program implementation.

4. Inter groups and inter district field visit was fruitful in exchanging their experiences. 5. A total 165 producer groups’ representative and growers were trained on three subjects such as nursery

plant preparation, planting methods/cultivation practices and group management. 6. Two resource centres are established at dodohara-8 and 2 for technical support and improved nursery

plants preparation and distribution to poor and small farmers, one improved variety of pointed gourd (kajala) introduced and adopted in two pocket areas.

7. Project area level pointed gourd producers’ association committee is formed and functionalized. The committee has a total of 7 executive members and 20 general members.

8. A good coordination linkage developed with stake holders, service providers, vegetable traders, government and non government organization.

9. Training on post harvest technology/quality assurance farmers capacitated on to reduce post harvest loses and training on marketing management and interaction meeting with traders developed the marketing linkage with traders in local areas and external market (Mahendranagar, Dhangadhi, KTM & India)..


Project Title: Climate change effects on Rice-Wheat system and its mitigation

options in the Tarai region of Nepal.Project No: NARDF 612/2008/2009Project Coordinator: Krishna Bahadur Karki, Ph.D. Address: Forum for Communication and Social Transformation (FORCAST),

Kirtipur, Kathmandu Telephone: 01-4333935 Fax: Email: [email protected];[email protected];

[email protected] organisations: Soil Science Division, Khumaltar, Lalitpur

Social welfare Programme, Nepal, Janakpurdham Agricultural Environment Unit, Khumaltar, Lalitpur Regional Agriculture Research Station, Tarhara, Sunsari National Rice Research Program, Baniniya, Dhanusha Regional Agriculture Research Station, Nepalganj, Banke National Wheat Research Programme, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi

Start Date: Mid July, 2009 End Date: December, 2011Project Cost: NRs 29,99,480/= Location of Project: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tarahara

National Rice Research program, Hardinath National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nepalgunj

Background Global climate change is the serious environmental threat faced by the people in 21st century. The globe is undoubtedly warming and the climate is changing. This warming will have real consequences of rise in sea level, change in precipitation pattern, increased risk of drought and floods and threat of biodiversity. In the context of Nepal, an average annual temperature increased by 0.06 0C per annum between 1974-94 (Shrestha et. al., 1996) and projected to rise by 1.20C for 2030, 1.70C by 2050 and 30C by 2100 (Basnet and Tiwari, 2007). The Tarai plain having sub-tropical type of climate recorded average rice in temperature by 0.40C per decade. These areas experience more active summer monsoon where 80 per cent of total annual rainfall receives from June to September (Shrestha, 2000). Annual rainfall levels in the Tarai regions of the country have declined together with increase in the inter-annual and spatial variability as well as intensity of drought and flood levels. Increase in temperature along with floods and droughts events in Tarai will adversely impact on agricultural production particularly rice and wheat. Various studies predicted that higher temperature due to climate change could cause 10-18% reduction in cereal yield by 2050 and up to 30% by 2080 in Asia (Parry et al., 2004). It indicates that the production and productivity of agricultural crops in Nepal will also be affected which may lead to sever food insecurity in the country. Rise in temperature affects the ground water level due to higher evaporation losses. The level of climate change impact on rice and wheat production and productivity has not yet been accessed in Nepal, which is need of the present context. On the other hand, the adaption options for the extremes of climate change has to be identified and developed to sustain the productivity and production of rice and wheat. The proposed proposal seeks to analyse the time series meteorological data of various location of Tarai and correlate with production pattern of these two crops. The adaption optional technologies will be developed through field research and crop growth simulation modeling techniques. Further, awareness program on climate change and its impact and mitigation options are required at local, regional and national level. Project Purpose/Objectives It is necessary to know the local knowledge of farmers on the impact of climate change specially drought, floods and rising temperature on rice and wheat production system. The climatic weather data of the research sites needs to be studied in relation to their impact of the production and productivity of rice and wheat. The


analysis of time series climatic data will highlight the past, recent past and present scenario of climatic variability in the selected places. One of the objectives of project is to identify the suitable rice and wheat varieties under increased temperature and moisture and heat stress condition during various crop growth stages. For this, improved varieties of both crops will be collected and screened under moisture stress condition. The potentiality of suitable varieties under different management options will be explored through simulation modelling. The yield of rice and wheat varies year-to-year and location to location depending not only on weather condition but also depending on soil type, variety used, and management practices used. Decision Support System Tools (DSSAT) developed by ICASA/IBSNAT will be used in the study the relationship between climate and crops in the selected locations. Recommendation and suggestions will be provided to the different beneficiaries and stakeholders on the present and future scenario of production probability of rice and wheat crops in Tarai regions of Nepal.

Beneficiaries Identification of stress tolerant rice and wheat varieties would help in food security and hence the country will have the direct beneficiaries including farmers who could be benefited through increased crop yield. Farmers will be trained in participatory and selection of crops. In addition, the farmers and technicians will be trained on mitigating climate change mitigation and hence they will be benefited. The mass will be made aware of the impact of climate change in food production. Workshop proceeding will be published which will be a very good document for the scientific community.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) 1.1 Indigenous knowledge and good practices of farmers of each study area documented by the end of

2010. 2.1 At least 2 stress tolerance varieties rice and wheat identified by the end of project 2.2 Water availability and requirement for rice and wheat crops under drought condition quantified 3.1 About 20 years climatic data of 4 location analysed and documented by the end of project 3.2 Relationship between climatic factors and rice and wheat yield of four locations established by the end

of project 3.3 Four to five measurable optional technologies suggested to mitigate the adverse effect of climate

change 3.4 Four to five fact sheets of best bet technologies produced by the end of project 3.5 About 1000 leaflets published and distributed 4.1 A total of 80 resource poor farmers trained and exposed to climate change impact on agriculture by the

end of 2010 4.2 A total of 20 agricultural extensionists and research personals trained on climate change aspect by the

end of 2010 4.3 At least 3 papers presented in the work shop by the end of 2012 4.4.1 Mass awareness on climate change created through FM radios of study area

Up-scaling Pathways At the beginning the on station researchers, extension workers and the farmers are trained to carry out this work. Also this work is to be carried out both on station and on farm where the researchers, extension workers and the farmers meet frequently at the outreach sites of the respective stations. The extension agents and the farmers are directly involved in the participatory. Forty farmers, at four outreach sites of the respective station will be trained in climate change mitigation. The extension agents are expected to bring this technology to other farmers of the districts and will be wide dissemination. A workshop proceeding will be published and distributed to national and international environmental community. The finding will be broadcasted through mass media involving different adio-visual media. Posters and pamphlets will be produced and distributed to the general public about it. Participatory selection of the crop varieties is carried out on the farmers’ field where extension staffs, farmers and researchers are met frequently on the field. Once the experiment starts participating and non participating farmers are collected and demonstrated the work. Additionally timely interaction will also be carried out with the farmers and researchers. Posters and pamphlets will also be developed for the dissemination.


Targeted Outputs: 1. Farmers’ knowledge on climate changing trend documented 2. Stress tolerant rice and wheat varieties identified and explored 3. Climate change mitigation options suggested 4. Capacity building of farmers’ knowledge enhanced

Project Status Reports: (For the period from July/August, 2010 to April/May, 2011 - Shrawa, 2067 to Baisakh, 2068)

Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Participatory rural appraisal

survey Completed in the first year of project. A total of 80 households, 20 each from the 4 project sites were surveyed. On an average the farmers of all the sites experienced the drought condition during the rice growing period.

1.2 Inception meeting with stakeholders

Completed in the first year of project. Four meetings were organized one at each site including the farmers, SMS from Agricultural development Office, research scientists and NGO’s representatives to deliver the purpose of the project.

1.3 Inventory preparation on indigenous knowledge, technologies

Completed in the first year of project. The indigenous of the farmers and the technologies they adopting to mitigate the negative effect of climate change in agriculture have been compiled and will be published at the end of project.

2.1 Conduct on-station experiment on rice and wheat under stress condition

In rice: 10 rice varieties at three temperature regime in Open Top Chambers were evaluated at RARS Tarahara and Nepalgun, NRRP, Hardinath and NWRP Bhairahawa in three replications within the chambers and in open field. In wheat: 10 wheat varieties at three temperature regime in Open Top Chambers were evaluated at RARS Tarahara and Nepalgun, NRRP, Hardinath and NWRP Bhairahawa in three replications within the chambers and in open field.

2.2 Participatory on-farm stress tolerant rice and wheat varieties selection

In rice: 5 to 6 drought and submergence tolerant rice varieties were evaluated in farmers’ field with the active participation of a total of 40 farmers. The evaluation was done at 5 farmers’ fields both for drought and submergence conditions at out-reach sites of RARS, Tarahara; NRRP, Hardinath; NWRP, Bhairahawa and RARS, Tarahara. Similarly, in wheat, 6-7 rainfed heat tolerant wheat varieties were evaluated at 20 farmers’ fields, at out-reach sites of RARS, Tarahara; NRRP, Hardinath; NWRP, Bhairahawa and RARS, Tarahara

2.3 Agronomic data collection and analysis

On-going. Data on days to heading/flowering, days to maturity, plant height, panicles/spikes per unit area, filled grains per panicle/spike, unfilled grains per panicle/spike, 1000 grains weight and yield data were recorded and analysed in rice experiments conducted in Chambers and farmers’ field. The data of wheat experiments is in the process of compilation and analysis.


2.4 Soil sample collection and analysis

Soil samples from the first years’ experiment in rice and wheat were collected and analysed. The samples from farmers’ field experimental plots and station based plots have been collected and analysed in the second year before and after rice crops.

2.5 Correlate water availability and requirement in respect to rice and wheat production

This acitivity will be carried out after all the 2nd years data of rice and wheat experiment compiled and analysed. The activity will be done during July, 2011.

3.1 Collection and analysis of time series 20 years climate and crop data

The 20 years time series climatic and yield data of rice and wheat of four locations ie. Sunsari (Tarahara), Dhanusha (Hardinath), Rupandehi (Bhairahawa) and Banke (Nepalgunj) has been collected and the analysis will be done during June and July, 2011.

3.2 Establish relationship between climatic factors and rice and wheat production

This activity will be done during June-July, 2011 after the analysis of climatic variables, experimental data and soil data.

3.3 Simulation of models to draw the mitigation options to climate change

This activity will be done side by side with the activity 3.2, both the activities have to be done at the same time.

3.4 Identify the best combination of various options

This activity will go simultaneously with activity 3.2 and 3.3

3.5 Develop leaflets and fact sheets on mitigation options in local language

This activity will be done in next year.

4.1 Trainings to resource poor farmers on crop adaptation to climate change

Completed in first year of project. A total of 100 farmers, 25 from each project locations were provided the knowledge on adaptation to climate change in agriculture.

4.2 Trainings to agricultural technicians on crop adaptation to climate change

A total of 20 technicians from extension office and research stations were provided the training on the impact of climate change and adaptation to agriculture.

4.3 Exchange visit of farmers Completed. A total of 80 participating farmers within the project site visited in Tarahara and Nepalgunj.

4.4 Organize workshop to deliver the message of climate change mitigation options

Third year activity.

4.5 Publicize the outcome of the project to different mass media

Third year activity.

4.6 Final technical report preparation

Third year activity

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) • Nepalgunj

o IR 80411-B-2-B was found earliest in maturity (117 days) in natural field condition. These same varieties also matured earlier under half and full covered OTCs where the maximum temperature was 2.5 and 4.1 OC higher than field condition. But the yield performance under rising temperature was different. Hardinath 1 and IR 84899-B yielded higher than other varieties ranging from 4.3-4.5 t/ha under natural field condition. Under increased temperature by 2.5 and 4.1 OC, OM 2516 and Hardinath 1 and APO and IR 78913-B-22-B-B-B performed better yielding in the range of 3.5-3.8 and 2.4-2.7 t/ha, respectively.


o In farmers field, drought variety OM 2516 and IR 73939-389-B-B-1 yielded higher than other varieties yielding 2.2 and 2.5 t/ha and maturing earlier, respectively.

o The submergence variety, Swarna sub-1 yielded highest (2.5 t/ha), even the crop was submerged for 7 days during tillering about 20 days of transplanting.

• Hardinath o The temperature regime in full covered OTC was around 4.5OC higher than field condition, where as

it was only 2.58OC in half covered chamber. IR 78913-B-22-B-B-B and OM 2516 yielded 3.5 and 3.6 t/ha respectively under half covered chamber where as OM 2516 did better under full covered chamber.

o Sambha Mahasuri sub 1 performed better under submergence condition producing 1.8 t/ha where crop was submerged for 15 days during tillering stage.

o Among the drought tolerant rice varieties NR 1893 performed higher grain yield maturing 7 days earlier than other tested varieties.

• Bharahawa o IR 80411-B-28-1 matured 7 days earlier in all condition of open field, increased temperature

condition but the yield was poorer than others. This variety along with OM 2516 and IR 78937 showed the tolerance ability of higher temperature during their growth period where the maximum and minimum temperatures were 2.2 and 1.1 and 3.7 and 1.3 OC higher than field condition, respectively.

o For drought tolerant varieties, NR 1893 matured latest than other yielding in the range of 3.0-3.2 t/ha at farmers condition.

o For submergence varieties, Swarna sub 1 performed better. • Tarahara

o Under the increasing temperature of 2.3 and 3.6 OC in half and full covered Chambers, respectively, OM 2516, IR 78937 and IR 78913-B-22-B-B-B performed better than other varieties, but the yield performance of all the evaluated varieties were lower than natural field condition.

o Drought tolerant variety Tarahara 1 yielded in the range of 1.8 to 2.8 t/ha in farmer field. o Among the submergence varieties, Swarna sub-1 yielded in the range of 2.4 to 4.5 t/ha after 10-15

days of submergence. It has been found that the rice yield decreased under half and full covered OTCs in the range of 15-40% at all the locations due to increased temperature with the reduction in the rice growth duration (transplanting to maturity).


Project title: Improvement of quality production and Marketing Network of

pointed gaud. in Mahottari Project No: 613/2008/09 Project coordinator: Ram balam Prasad sah Address: Mahottari ,Jaleshwar-4 Telephone: 044-520535, Mob. 9844057402 Fax: 044520481/ Email: [email protected] Collaborating organizations: community Nationalities Welfare Development Council Start Dost: 2066/04/01 To 2068/03/30 Project cost: 10,62,991/ NARDF 9,91,519 Location of Project: Distict Mahottari VDC Balwa, Sarpllo, Sahasaula,

Ramgopapur(Timkiya, and Aurhi)

PROJECT SUMMARY Background: dxf]Q/L lhNnfsf] abL{jf;–hn]Zj/ v08sf] dfWo efu h+uxf gbLsf] 5]pdf kg]{ ;/kNnf], anjf, ;x;f}nf tyf xK;L gbLsf] lsgf/fdf cjl:yt cf}/xL / /fduf]kfnk'/ uf=lj=;=x?sf sl/a *)% hgtf k|ToIf ?kdf s[lifdf cfl>t 5g\ . lgjf{xd'vL wfg, ux', ds}, pv', t/sf/L v]tL h:tf s[ofsnfkaf6 lhljsf rnfO{/x]sf s[ifsx? Xfnsf] lbgdf cfP/ k/an (Trichosanthes dipica) v]tLnfO{ cfDbfgLsf] d'Vo ;|f]tsf] ?kdf ckgfpb} uPsf 5g\ . anf}6] b'd6 df6f], k/jn v]tLsf] nflu pko'Qm xfjfkfgL /x]sf] o; If]qdf pGgt v]tL k|ljlw dfkm{t pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fO{ s[ifssf] yk cfo :t/ clej[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 . k/Dk/fut v]tL k|f0ffnL, cgfjZos ?kdf cTolws ljifbL k|of]u, :yfgLo hft, c;Gt'lnt dnvfbsf] k|of]u, plrt ahf/ ;+hfnsf] cefj h:tf ;d:ofx?af6 u|l;t o; If]qdf j}1flgs v]tL k|ljlw ckgfO{ k/jn v]tLnfO{ Joj;flos/0f ug'{ kg]{ 68\sf/f] cfjZostf 5 . o; If]qdf xfnsf] cj:yfdf eO{ /x]sf] sl/a *)) x]S6/nfO{ plrt k|fljlws 1fg / ahf/ Joj:yfkg eP sl/a !%)) x]S6/ ;Dd a9fpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . t;y{ lhlj;, u};;, s[ifs ;d"xx?sf] of]Ubfg ePdf o; lhNnf÷If]qnfO{ k/jn (Pointed guard) production zone sf] ?kdf ljsl;t / kl/lrt u/fpg ;lsG5 . ahf/ cefjsf sf/0f >j0f efb|df cTolws sd d"No -?=!% b]lv ?=@) ;Dd k|lt s]hL_ df ljqmL x'g] k|fljlws 1fgsf] sdLn] ljleGg lsl;dsf /f]u ls/f, pGgt hft, ;'Id tTjx?sf] sdLn] sd pTkfbg -#)) s]hL÷s7f_ x'g] ub{5 . (DADO report, 2063) . P3f/f} tLg jlif{o cGt/Ld of]hgf tyf APP n] ;d]t t'NgfTds ?kdf a9L kmfObf lbg] a:t'sf] k|jw{g ug]{ nIo lnPsf] 5 (Interim Plan -2064) . ;+:yfn] o;sf] cfjZostf ;DaGwL u/]sf] Field Visit, Survey, PRA nufot ljleGg uf]i7L, a}7sx?df o; If]qdf ;/sf/L÷u};; kIfaf6 lgoldt ?kdf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug'{kg]{ 68\sf/f] cfjZostf dx;'; ePsf] kfO{G5 . t;y{ pko'Qm ;d:ofx?nfO{ ;do d} k|fljlws 9+un] ;dfwfg u/L s[ifsx?nfO{ Joj;flos k/jn v]tL tkm{ pGd'v ub}{ Perennial ?kdf k/jn pTkfbg u/L /fi6«n] lnPsf] ul/jL lgjf/0f nIodf 6]jf k'Ug] lglZrt b]lvG5 .

Objectives of the Project:

k/jn pTkfbgdf pGgt k|ljlwsf] cefj, ljsf;] tyf pGgt hftsf] sld, k/jn afnLdf nfUg] ljleGg /f]u÷sL/f÷;"IdtTj ;DaGwL cg';Gwfgsf sld ;fy} pTkflbt k/jnsf] plrt ahf/ cefjsf sf/0f s[ifsx?sf] pT;fx ga9g] b]lvPsfn] :yflgo s[ifsx?nfO{ pGgt tyf ljsf;] k/jn -h:t} aDk/, sfhn, nfdf] ;]]tf] w;|] nufot /fd|f pTkfbg lbg] cGo :yflgo hftx?_ v]tL tkm{ pTk|]/0ff u/L u'0f:t/Lo k/jnsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 / plrt ahf/ Joj:yf e} ;xL d"No kfpg / s[ifssf] cfoj[l4 ug]{ p2]Zo /fvL of] kl/of]hgf k|:tfj ul/Psf] xf] . Ps kN6 nufP kl5 rf/ kfFr jif{;Dd pTkfbg lbg] ePsf]n] sd pTkfbg vr{ (Low production cost) df a9L pTkfbg x'g] ub{5 . klxnf jif{ sd pTkfbg eP klg bf];|f] jif{ b]lv pTkfbg a9\g] ePsf]n] sd nfutdf a9L pTkfbg lbg] afnLsf] ?kdf ckgfpg ;lsG5 . lhNnfsf] blIf0fL e]usf] t'ngfdf k|:tfljt If]qdf Uplan Condition /x]sf], af9Lsf] k|sf]k gx'g] / ;'xfFpbf] df6f] / xfjfkfgL kfO{g] x'g] xF'bf k/jn v]tLsf] pGgt k|ljlw dfkm{t pTkfbg If]q tyf pTkfbsTj j[l4 e} vfB\o ;"/Iffdf ;xof]u k'uL ul/aL lgjf/0fdf 6]jf k'Ug] 5 . ;/sf/L sfof{no, s]o/ g]kfn nufot cGo ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] cGo v]tL ;DaGwL sfd u/]klg pGgt k/an v]tL tkm{ k|of; u/]sf] b]lvb}g . ;fy} lhs[ljsf, k/an pTkfbs s[ifs, ljleGg uf]i7L÷cGts[ofx?df ;d]t pGgt k/jn k|ljlw / ahf/Ls/0fsf ;jfnx? ;d]t p7g] u/]sf] kfO{G5 . oxL s'/fnfO{


dWogh/ u/L k/jn pTkfbs s[ifsx?sf] pGgt / ljsf;] k/jn v]tL tkm{ pTk|]/0ff u/L cfo:t/ clej[l4 -*)) s]=hL=k|lt s7faf6 ?=@% sf b/n] sDtLdf ?=@),))).–k|lt s7f_ eO{ lhjg:t/df ;'wf/ x'g] p2]Zo cg'?k pGgt k/jn v]lt k|ljlwsf] lj:tf/ / Joj;flos/0f tkm{ hf]8 lbOPsf] xf] .

Beneficiaries

k|:tfljt kfFr uflj;x?sf %)÷%) hgf dlxnf, k'?if, blnt, hghftL, ul/a, k/an pTkfbsx? ;lDdlnt bz s[ifs ;d"x -k|lt kl/jf/ !÷! hgfsf] b/n] @%) hgf_ df /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;[hgf e} o; kl/of]hgfsf k|ToIf nfeflGjt ;d"x x'g]5 .

pGgt v]tL k|ljlw / gofF hftx?af6 k/an v]tL ug]{ cGo If]q÷lhNnfsf s[ifsx?df /f]huf/Lsf] ;[hgf e} ck|ToIf ?kdf kmfObf kfpg] 5 .

ahf/sf] plrt ;+hfn ljsf; ePsf ;du| k/jn pTkfbsx? lks (Peak) pTkfbg ;dodf ;d]t plrt ahf/ efp kfO{ k/an v]tL tkm{ pT;flxt x'g]5 .

o;df sfd ug]{ k|fljlws -$ hgf_, k|;f/ sfo{stf{, u};;, Jofkf/L k|fOe]6 ;+3 ;+:yf ;d]t nfeflGjt x'g]5 . dlxnf k'?ifdf s'g} lsl;dsf e]befj g/fvL ;dfg ?kdf cj;/ k|bfg ul/G5 . kl/of]hgaf6 jftfj/0fdf s'g} lsl;dsf] gfsf/fTds k|efj gkg]{ b]lvG5 .

t;y{ ;f/f+zdf eGg'kbf{ n}lu+s ;dfgtf, jftfj/0fdf gfsf/fTds k|efj gkg]{, k/jn pTkfbsx?sf] lhjg:t/df clej[l4 ug]{ b]lvPsf]n] of] kl/of]hg k|:tfj ul/Psf] xf] .

Objectivily Verifiable Indicators [ovi]

kl/of]hgfsf] clGtd jif{;Dd k|:tfljt If]qdf sl/a !#)) x]S6/ df pGgt k/jn v]tL lj:tf/ x'g] kl/of]hgfsf] cGt/ ;Dd pGgt k|ljlws / ljsf; hftsf k/jn s[ifsx? cg'z/0f u/L k/jnsf] pTkfbsTj a9\g] *)) ls=u|f=÷s7f !=! klxnf] jif{sf] cGt ;Dd k|To]s uflj;x?df @÷@ j6fsf b/n] ;d"x u7g btf{ tyf Seed Money :yfkg x]g] . !=@ kl/of]hgsf] bf];|f] jif{sf] cGt ;Dd @%) s[ifsx?n] pGgt k/jn v]tL ;DalGwt tflnd k|fKt ug]{ . @=! kl/of]hgsf] cGt ;Dd sl/a #–% j6f k/ansf] ljsf; hftsf] klxrfg x'g] . @=@= kl/of]hgsf] cGt ;Dd sfo{ If]qdf k/jn v]tLsf] If]qkmn sDtLdf !#)) x]S6/ lj:tf/ x'g] . #=! klxnf] jif{sf] cGt ;Dd ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu ;lDdlnt Ps Market Networking u7g tyf ;+rfng x'g] . #=@ kl/of]hgf If]qdf Ps Collection centre lgdf{0f x'g] . #=# klxnf] jif{sf] cGt ;Dd k|To]s uflj;x?df ljsf; k/jnsf] >f]t s]Gb| (resource centre & nursery :yfkgf

x'g] kl/of]hgsf] bf];|f] jif{sf] cGt ;Dd . $=! :yflgo F.M.af6 :yflgo efiffdf pGgt k/jn k|ljlws ;DaGwLt k|rf/ k|;f/ x'g] . $+@ s[ifsx?sf] Ps lbg] Inter Group Field visi $=# 5000 Leafiets and 20 nos. Final report will be

Targeted Output:

kl/of]hgf ;+rfng kZrft cfof]hgfaf6 tkl;nsf k|ltkmx? ck]Iff ul/Psf 5g\ . k/jn pTkfbg s[ifsx? ;xefuL eO{ k|To]s uf=lj=;=df @÷@ j6fsf b/n] !) j6f s[ifs ;d"x u7g e} @%) 3/w'/L cfj4 x'g] . k|lt Jolt slDtdf #)÷#) s7fsf b/n] k/jn v]tL ug]{5 / o;/L kfrj6} uflj;df slDtdf %)) x]S6/ yk k/jn v]tL uKg]5 . ;xefuL s[ifsx?sf] cfo:t/ sl/a @% k|ltztn] a[l4 x'g] . -*)) s]=hL= k|lt s7faf6 ?=@% sf b/n] slDtdf ?=@)))).– k|lt s7f cfDbfgL eO/x]sf 5g\ .

k|To]s ;d"xsf s[ifsx? pGgt v]tL ;DalGw :ynut tflnddf Practical skill k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . ljleGg uflj;sf k/jn pTkfbs, k|fljlws / Jofkf/L ;lDdlnt Ps ahf/ ;+hfn (Market Network) lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 .

ef/tLo k/jn cfoftdf sl/a $) k|ltzt sdL cfpg] -o;nfO{ dfkg ug{ kl/of]hgfsf] z'?df u/]sf] cfwf/e"t tYofs ;+sng tyf kl/of]hgf ;dfkg kZrft ug]{ ahf/ tyf lkmN8 ;e]{ tyf Jofkf/L;Fusf] cGtjtf{af6 km/s 5'6\ofO{ dfk0f ug{ ;lsPsf] 5_ .

gof hft h:t} aDk/ , sfhn cfbLsf] nx/af6 k'/fgf] hft -:yfgLo _ k|lt:yfkLt eO{ k/jnsf] ptkfbg tyf pTkfbTjdf %)Ü n] clea[4L ePsf] - o;nfO{ dfk0f ug{ k/Lof]hgfsf] z'?df u/]sf] cfwf/e't tYof+s tyf kl/of]hgfsf] cGtdf x'g] lkmN8 lelh6 tyf s[ifs 5nkmn , cGtjtf{ , cGts[ofjf6 5'6\ofp[g ;lsG5 _ .


:yflgo Pkm=Pd\= af6 pGgt v]tL k|aLwL / ahf/ efpsf] k|;f/0f x'bf :yflgo s[isx? gofF k|ljlwsf] cg';/of tyf plrt ahf/ efp kfO{/x]sf 5g\ .

k+|bZf{gx?af6 (demonstration) s[isx?sf] cfTd ljZjf; a9g] e} k/jn v]tL tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . ljleGg k|sfzgx?af6 pGgt k|ljwL x:tfGt/0fdf ;xo]fu k'u]sf 5g\ ;xh / prLt d"No kfpg Ps Collection centre :yfkgf ePsf 5g\. k|lt uflj;df !÷!j6fsf b/n] resource centre and Nursery :yfkgf ePsf 5g\ . k|:tfljt uf=la=;=x?nfO{ k/an pTkfbg ug]{ ufpFsf] ?kdf kl/lrt ePsf 5g\ .

Project Status Reports:–

Up- Scaling Pathways .

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Project Title: Fish Health Management Approach for Quality Supply of

Rainbow Trout Project No: 614/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Narayan Giri Address: Central Fish Laboratory, Balaju Telephone: 014350609 Mobile: 9849124427 Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Women in Save Environment

Fall and Trout Start Date: 2066/4/1 End Date: 2068/7/30 Project Cost: Rs 2876000 Location of Project: Nuwakot District, VDCs Okhar Pauwa, Jeet pur, Kakani, Madan pur,

Sunkhani,

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Rainbow trout is an exotic fish in Nepal. The production techniques have been recently developed in the country for its wider expansion in the commercial scale. The fish is carnivorous in nature. It is culture in cold-water habitat with commercial feed under intensive management systems. Rainbow trout farming is fast growing in 7 different districts namely Nuwakot, Rasuwa, Sindhupalchok, Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur. Currently there are more than 50 farm families involved in its culture and have produced more than 50 tons of fish annually. Trout is a high valued food fish, which needs proper attention in terms of fish disease and water quality management, specialized technology for culture. Continuous application of high protein content pellet feed, regular water supply and stocking of high numbers fingerling are prerequisite for trout farming to get maximum level of production from a limited water bodies in a given period of time. This situation has caused more stressful culture environment. It has further facilitated the occurrence of various infectious and non-infectious diseases in trout fish. The seasonal appearance of different type of diseased based problem in trout is visualized the major problem causing low fish production and economic loss to the farmers. The farmers involved in this business should be aware in order to minimize the possible losses. For this regular observation of trout fish farm in private sector, collection of various problem associated with disease, their examination in the laboratory, analysis the report and finding the solution is important in order to minimize the possible losses and helping the farmers to supply healthy trout fish in the market.

Project Purpose/Objectives Productivity enhancement of trout fish through proper management with special attention on minimizing production losses from diseases and parasites. Management production aspects in order to supply healthy and fresh fish in the market

Beneficiaries Trout fish growers (50) are the direct beneficiaries of this project. Moreover, government line agencies, NGOs, CBOs and private sector FNCCI, will be benefited by obtaining appropriate and sustained trout fish health management technology. The local traders, entrepreneurs and exporters and consumers will be benefited through increased transition of fish product as a result of project activities. It will create additional employment for men and women in the project area because of increased fish production and marketing activities.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) At the end of first year, 20 trout farmers will get basic fish health management training and reviewed the existing fish health management practice and result of histopathological, studies along water quality will be documented. By the end of second year, result of residual effect of drugs and chemicals on the trout flesh as well as test reports of drugs and chemicals against infectious and parasitic disease will be documented. At the


end of third year, 20 farmers will supply disease free trout fish to the market and 1000 numbers of comprehensive fish health management technical folder will be published.

Up-scaling Pathways From the project activities 25% survival of fingerlings and the 30 % of table fish is expected to increase from the existing production. The benefit directly goes to participating farmers. The results will make available by various methods, such as direct involvement of participating farmers, training, discussion and interaction meeting with trout growers and other stakeholders. These are the proposed pathways for the uptake of out puts. In addition, booklets and leaflets regarding trout fish health management will be published and distributed to concerned fisher group, organization and agencies. Furthermore, publishing the technical internal report will disseminate information.


1. Fish farmers achieved awareness to raise healthy trout fish 2. Fish productivity increased 3. Fish health management approach in the form of technical package established 4. Project out come disseminated

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status/Achievement Remarks

1.1 Review of fish health management practices

The seasonal occurrence of parasitic, fungal, bacterial and non-pathogenic disease of trout fish in trout growing areas were assessed through survey methods and practices applied to control these diseases were reviewed. The methods of trout fish farming, their current status and farm management practices in the aspect of fish health management followed by trout fish farmers in trout growing area were also assessed The survey report states that there are 55 trout fish farms currently in operation in different district where as most of the farms (35) are located at Kakani and Madanpur area of Nuwakot district. The report revels that there are 6 trout fish feed producers in private sector, out of them 90 % are located at Nuwakot district and the rest in Balaju. Likewise, there are 12 trout fish breeders in private sector, situated at different district namely Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Lalitpur and Sindhupalchok which has fulfilled 80 % seed demand and the rest from Fisheries Research Station Trisuli, Godawari and Trout research and development Center located at Dhunche. The survey report states that farmers have limited technical capacity to address disease-based problem properly. At present, Central Fish Laboratory, Balaju and Fisheries Research Station, Godawari are dealing the diseased-based problem up to some extent. The farmer should train in order to back up their existing capacity.

1.2 Training to trout fish farmers

Altogether 36 trout fish farmers engaged in seed to table fish production were trained from Nuwakot, Rauswa and Sindhupalchok districts. They were trained in the aspect of most common parasitic, bacterial and fungal disease namely Coccidiocis, tail rot and fin rot and Saprolegnia respectively. Those farmers were given the knowledge for proper identification of fish disease and application of common drugs and chemicals as per need. Moreover, training was also addressed in the field of water quality and fish feed management and the importance of fish feed, its composition, way of preparation, storage techniques and application methods fish.

2.1 Observation of parasitic disease and application of control measures

Trout fish farms in the project area monitored time to time and disease suspected cultured fish sampled and examined for further investigation. Among the parasitic disease, the internal parasite Coccidiosis was found as a problem where 40 to 150 g size rainbow trout fish were affected with this disease. The farmers were suggested for the application of anti parasitic drugs namely Amprol @ 6 g per 100 kg of feed. Also, farmers suggested for keeping clean the incoming source water, which might be contaminated with the spores of this parasite.

2.2 Observation of Among the bacterial diseases, symptoms of tail rot and fin rot were observed in


bacterial and fungal disease and application of proper control measures

trout fish (more than 40 g size) in Nuwakot and Sindhupalchok. During field visit pathogenic bacterial gill disease Flavobacterium sp. was found in one private farm in Rasuwa district. Disease suspected fish samples were taken to the laboratory from the project area for further investigation. Media (PBS) was prepared before isolating the bacteria and kept them in freezer. The fish was dissected and the smear of kidney and fin were taken out with the help of loop and inoculated into prepared media. Under laboratory observation, the shape of bacteria colony was found round in strain one and two. Likewise, the color of colony was observed milky white and white in strain one and two respectively. While observing under the microscope, the cell form was found cocci and short rod shape in strain one and two respectively. In gram staining, strain one and two shows positive and negative reaction respectively. Likewise, in mobility and cytochrome oxydase test, strain one and two shows negative and positive reaction respectively. Where as in OF test both strain had shown fermentative reaction. In Nuwakot and Sindhupalchok, reducing the stocking density, feeding amount and cleaning the raceways improved the conditions. For the control of tail rot and fin rot disease, doxycycline and Oxytetracycline were effective @ 60-100 mg/kg fish feed. Fish affected with bacterial gill disease in Rasuwa were treated with rock salt @ 5 percent and the conditions were improved. Likewise, the fungal diseases Saprolegnia sp was observed in incubated eggs in breeding farms both in private and government farms located at Rasuwa and Nuwakot. Farmers were suggested for removal of unfertilized eggs, silts and mud from the whole egg mass while conducting breeding. Also use of saline solution (10%) in the eggs just before fertilization.

2.3 Observation of water quality parameter and their management

The water quality parameters especially volume of water, pH, temperature, oxygen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were observed in the project area. The volume of water was found limited Madanpur, Kakani and Okharpauwa area. Temperature ranged 4 degree celcus to 19 degree celcus from Dhunche to Nuwakot respectively during study period. The pH was recorded more than 8 in almost all trout cultured farms. Dissolved oxygen was ranged from 7 - 9 mg per liter of water. Likewise nitrite nitrogen was found 0.01 to 0.006 and ammonium nitrogen 0.1 - 0. The pH, temperature, ammonium nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen were measured in the field by using digital meter and rapid access water quality kit respectively. Likewise, the dissolved oxygen was trapped in DO bottle in the field and then taken to the laboratory and analyzed by using Winkler’s method. The study report revels that among the water quality parameters ammonium nitrogen was found in satisfactory level in 70 % trout farms where intensity of production was limited. Rests of farms have faced some problem due increased ammonium nitrogen level. It was noticed and observed that most of the water quality based problems were found associated with bad management practices. Farmers were suggested for regular cleaning the raceways in order to manage the water quality parameters.

3.1 Histological studies For histological study, the abnormal tissue organs caused by pathogenic(bacterial and parasitic) and nonpathogenic (hepatoma, water quality) disease suspected Rainbow Trout fish of different size were sampled from Nuwakot (Kakani, Madanpur) and Sindhupalchok (Tatopani). The disease suspected organs such as fin, muscle, gill; spleen, liver, kidney and intestine were taken out and fixed in Bouin's solution then they were processed in the Center Fish laboratory in order to prepare permanent slides. The various procedures were followed while preparing the permanent slides such as collection of tissue sample, their fixation in Bouins's fixative, washing in water, dehydration in different concentration of alcohol solution (from 70 to 100 %) and penetration of paraffin into the tissue, putting the tissues in hard paraffin (embedding), making tissue section manually by using microtome, deparaffinization in xylene and alcohol solution at different concentration, staining the tissues containing glass slides in Lilly Mayer's Hematoxylin


solution, dehydration in 70 % to absolute alcohol for given period of time and finally prepared permanent slides by putting Canada balsam on tissue sections and covering them with cover slip glass. These slides will be use as a reference guide for the future in order to find out the causes of death of fish done by pathogenic and non-pathogenic factors.

3.2 Study the effectiveness of drugs and chemicals

To conduct this activity, the phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was prepared and sterilized in an autoclave for about 15 minutes within the temperature of 121 0C. The moribund diseased Trout fish samples from project areas were collected and the smear of fin and kidney were taken with the help of loop and inoculated in the media after proper sterilization and left for about 24 hours in 20 C. The bacterial suspensions were spread with triangle cone glass stick and anti-microbial sensitivity disc was placed on the center of media. Then it was closely observed. From this process 2 species of bacteria were isolated. Out of 2 bacteria, one was gram negative and another was gram positive. The gram-positive bacterium was not fish pathogenic. The gram negative was Aeromonas hydrophilla. Aeromonas hydrophilla which isolated had sensitivity various antibiotics like Florfenicol, Doxycycline, Ttrimethoprim etc but it had developed resistance to Ampicillin. These types of test were performed repeatedly and finally it was concluded that most of drugs except Ampicillin might be useful to control fin rot like disease

3.3 Investigation of residual effect of drugs and chemicals on the flesh of trout fish

To conduct this activity, the trout fish ready for market were sampled from Nuwakot and given to food research laboratory at Khumaltar in order to find out their meat composition. The laboratory examination reports show that one sample contained more amount of moisture (81 %) as compare to another one (73%), this might be due to bad storage of marketable fish. The protein percentage (approximately 17 %) both the sample indicates that fresh fish protein level were found with the given ranged. The total ash content in one sample was found higher 2.41 as compare to another sample. Two samples from Sunkhani and Hebung were examined in Food and Quality Control Laboratory, at Babar Mahal to find out residual effect. The laboratory report shows that there was no deposition of DDT and Lindel in the flesh of sampled fish.

3.4 Fish feed analysis The main objective of this program was to find out the nutrient content in the trout feed commonly used in private sector. For this nine samples of feed were taken from different places (Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Sindhupalchok and Lalitpur) of trout farms and investigated at Livestock Quality Control Laboratory in different times. The laboratory report shows that most of the samples contained protein level in the given ratio that is more than 36 percent where as the crude fat was found low in amount. Likewise, few sample contained higher level of moisture than that should be. The concerned farmers as well as feed producers were suggested to correct the feed accordingly.

4.1 Preparation of folder

A folder /booklet was published at the end of project which contains the various issues related with trout health and methods to control them.

4.2 Interaction workshop/ meeting with stakeholders

During project period interaction program were held at various places in project site where the beneficiaries, project team and other stakeholders were involved. The interaction program mainly focused on problem based issues and solution were derived accordingly.

4.3 Data processing, report preparation and publication

The collected data of each activity were tabulated, analyzed, compiled and submitted to NARDF as a progress report, in each quarter of the year and final project completion report. .


Project Title: Fresh Vegetable Production and Developing Agricultural Marketing

Network (VPAM) in Sindhuli Project No: 615/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Mr. Binod Prasad Dhakal Address: P.O.Box 2444, Kalikasthan, Kathmandu Telephone: +977-01-4435312 Fax: +977-01-4435312 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Gaon Jagaran Sewa Santha (GJSS), Sindhuli Start Date: Srawon, 2066 End Date: Asar, 2069 Project Cost: NPR 2,852,783.00Location of Project: Kamalamai Municipality, Kapilkot Majhuwa, Bhimeshwor, Jahangajholi

Ratmata, Dumja and nearby VDCs in Sindhuli district, and nearby markets including Sindhuli, Banepa and other local markets along the Banepa Bardibas Highway

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background The demand for fresh vegetables in Nepal in general, and in Sindhuli in particular, has been increasing over the year. There could be a number of reasons behind but, increased population, changing food habit, rate of urbanization, increasing number of tourist/visitors, export potential and growth of processing industries and the expansion of business on fresh vegetables could be some of the major ones. However, there is scope to harness the opportunities of production and marketing the fresh vegetables as there are imbalances in demand and supply of such kind in Nepal and also in Sindhiuli.

Commercialization of fresh vegetables could be one of the alternatives in reducing the level of poverty in Nepal. Tie-up with agro-enterprises in the form of value addition and organized marketing are the pre-requisites to make them competitive in the local and national markets. A close understanding and trust between the farming community and the entrepreneurs could be developed through developing market networks with proper backward and forward linkages.

Project Purpose/Objectives Supply of fresh vegetables and to develop agricultural market network is the main purpose of the project. However, followings are the specific objectives:

• Support the farmers and entrepreneurs in Sindhuli through training and technology transfer in growing more fresh vegetables and supply it to the local and outside markets.

• Assessment on the fresh vegetable production and marketing status in the project locations. • Development of marketing strategy for Sindhuli fresh vegetables and dissemination of the project

outputs. Beneficiaries

Farmers: 400 (50% women and 75% poor); Entrepreneurs: 20 agricultural marketers, 10 farmer's groups and 1 Lead Farmer Marketing Group; Others: 1000 small farmers, numbers of agro-entrepreneurs and thousands of consumers benefit indirectly.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Followings are the objectively verifiable indicators of the project outputs:

Output 1: By the end of fourth quarter 2009, baseline information on fresh vegetable production and marketing in the project locations, collected and baseline report prepared.

Output 2: (a) By the end of 2011, increased the production of fresh vegetables by 50%, introducing quality vegetable production technology; (b) Developed 10 farmer trainers.


Output 3: (a) By the end of year 2011, at least 20 lead farmers and vegetable marketers will continue their business introducing effective vegetable marketing model and strategy; (b) Register the Lead Farmer Marketer Group (LFMG) network in DADO; (c) Establish LFMG network a good linkage and coordination with DADO, DDC and other development partners and replicate the project success.

Output 4: By the end of project period, system of annual networking meeting among the vegetable marketers, cooperatives and LFMG network in Sindhuli, established.

Output 5: By the end of project period, fresh vegetable marketing strategy for Sindhuli developed and disseminated to 20 different vegetable markets.

Up-scaling Pathways Planning, implementation and monitoring modality of the project is fully participatory. The project beneficiaries have been participating throughout the project implementation process and have taken ownership on it.

The project visualized the participation of lead farmers in promoting the production and marketing technologies in different roles including the farmer technicians, group management and cooperative functioning. The existing farmers' groups are taken as the direct project beneficiaries and will contribute in disseminating the project findings and technology transformation.

The project duly acknowledge the value chain approach and created an ideal platform to meet together and exchange their problems in terms of technology transfer, group management, inputs, transport and marketing of fresh vegetable. Local NGOs, Farmer's Groups, Cooperatives, DADO, DDC, LAs and the private sectors in Sindhuli have been participating in coordination, monitoring and mobilization of resources besides the implementation of project activities. Support from DADO especially in the part of technology transfer (production technology, marketing management including post harvest handling practices) and use of DADO professionals as resource persons is very much encouraging.

The regular consultative meetings organized at the different level have created harmonization among the development agencies, value chain entities including DADO, DDC, VDC, NGOs, Farmers' Group, Cooperative and the local chamber of commerce to be utilize vegetable sector as profitable business.

The farmer’s diary prepared and distributed by NEPC to beneficiary farmers have been an instrument to bring the farmers in enterprising. This diary has been credential to record the income and expenditure of the farming thereby profit and loss. The IEC materials produced by the project have been disseminated and would be continued in future, through DADO network, LFMG and networks of the value chain entity in the district. The project findings are expected to be disseminated through the sharing on review meetings and incorporation in the progress reports. The farmer’s diary and its demonstration effect will be the major aspect of scaling up the project outputs. The inbuilt system of information sharing and dissemination, both from the demand and supply sides are the other major pathways of promotion and up scaling the project outputs.

Synopsis of Project Status a) Targeted Outputs:

i. Current status of fresh vegetable production and marketing in the project locations assessed. ii. Increased the production of fresh vegetables in the project locations and at the farmers'

level. iii. Develop entrepreneurship among the lead farmers and marketers, and introduce effective

vegetable marketing models and strategies. iv. Enhance the functional capacity of LFMG and develop agricultural marketing network. V. Fresh vegetable marketing models and strategy and the agricultural market networking

mechanism disseminated.

b) Project status:


The project has completed all activities as stipulated in the log frame/project document. Vegetable production technology has been transferred to nearly 1400 farm families (400 directly and 1000 indirectly) which has been the major path way. Twenty lead farmers (15 female, 10 Janjatis and 5 Dalits) has been active in producing fresh vegetable throughout the year and their demonstration effect/spill over effect has been realized as evidence of increasing number of fresh vegetable farmers in the project vicinity. These farmers become entrepreneur as they have farm book recording system where income and expenditure is duly recorded. As a result of series of consultative meeting and finally a workshop of the entities of value chain a marketing strategy, model and Marketing Information System (MIS) has been has been shared at national level to marketing directorate of Department of Agriculture and final strategy, marketing model and MIS has been prepared incorporating the suggestions received from the national level workshop participants. This strategy will be the major guiding document for production and marketing of fresh vegetable in Sindhuli. System establishment of annual networking meeting among the vegetable marketers and cooperatives has been established where they discuss on problems of each other in the value chain and find measures of solution to overcome the problems faced by individual entity in the chain.


Activities Progress status Remarks 1. 1 Assess the status of fresh vegetable production

Baseline report has been prepared and submitted to NARDF

1.2 Assess the markets and practices of fresh vegetable marketing

Report on market assessment for fresh vegetables have been submitted to NARDF Series of consultative meeting has been conducted. DADO, DDC, LAs, NGO, Farmer groups were present in the meeting

Active participation of all stakeholders indicates that the activity has been taken as a priority action

2.1 Production of fresh vegetables

A total 422 farmers from the project locations received “fresh vegetable production training and they have started growing fresh vegetables and transferring it to an enterprise.

The preliminary findings have indicated that the production of fresh vegetables in the project locations is 663 MT/year (2011-12) the baseline value was was 100 MT/year.

2.2 Entrepreneurship development among vegetable producers and marketers

Training on "marketing and value chain development" was granted to a total of 25 participants including 18 women. Farmers and entrepreneurs in the project locations received on the spot functional training on fresh vegetable production. These farmers are growing vegetables throughout the year. They have farm record system clearly mentioning income and expenditure of their farms. The area under vegetable cultivation has been increased to 1450

Knowledge and skills on assessing the market opportunities including market pricing, information, marketing channel and the networking practices have been found as beneficial for vegetable marketing.


Activities Progress status Remarks ropani (baseline value was 400 ropani).

3.1 Capacity development of the entrepreneurs

LFMG formed and registered in DADO office. This group has been active in organizing networking and a day consultative meeting with DADO, LAs, DDC, NGO and farmers has been organized. Local, regional, national and the strategic markets for fresh vegetables have been identified. One day marketing meeting/workshop with the farmers, farmer's group / cooperatives traders/entrepreneurs, and the technicians was organized in Sindhuli.

These meetings and workshops have supported in developing the marketing model and strategies.

3.2 Develop marketing model and strategy

Based on the project learning, consultation with the farmers, farmers group, LFMG, APC, DADO staff and the concerned stakeholders marketing strategy for Sindhuli fresh vegetables have been developed. One workshop at district level and other at Kathmandu was organized to develop and finalize the strategy for Sindhuli.

The strategy has been formulated following the participatory process, where the views of the farmers, entrepreneurs, technicians and the central level officials have been incorporated. It is expected that the strategy would be an instrument to drive vegetable production and marketing in the district in future.

4.1 Networking of agricultural markets

Platform of value chain entities (farmers, traders/entrepreneurs, consumers and the agricultural technicians have been developed. The LFMG in close cooperation with the APC (Krishi Upaj Bajar Kendra), agricultural cooperative and DADO Sindhuli has been organizing networking meetings regularly

This is the start up event in developing marketing network. This platform has been useful to share their problems and issues among the entities in value chain and conclude with future action to solve the problem of each entity.

5.1 Dissemination and Promotion of Project findings

In the process of disseminating production and marketing technologies 1000 copies each of vegetable production diary , poster and booklet (incorporating project findings and the vegetable marketing strategy for Sindhuli) has been published and disseminated at the local level.

Material is useful on the production and marketing of fresh vegetables are being the content of the diary. Vegetable production diary containing daily activity calendar (income and expenditure detail), the production technologies and the marketing information tools would be instrumental for the farmers and entrepreneurs to guide them on production and marketing of fresh vegetable in commercial orientation.


Achievements / Findings (major achievements)

• Baseline information on vegetable production and marketing analysed.

• Nine members Lead Farmer Marketing Group (LFMG) formed, registered in DADO and functional.

• Potential 424 farmers trained on fresh vegetable production and business plan.

• Fresh vegetable production in additional 1050 ropanies of land in the project locations.

• Vegetable diary, poster and the booklet have been published and disseminated.

• 25 participants including 18 women are provided the value-chain training on fresh vegetables. They become entrepreneur and its spillover effect multiply number of fresh vegetable farmers around the area.

• Market networking system initiated.

• Culture of networking meeting among the farmers, technicians and the entrepreneurs initiated.

• LFMG is leading the project activities (transfer of production technology, provide information on the inputs and service availability, lobby with DADO to establish market center, organizing meeting of value chain entities etc).

• Marketing strategy for fresh vegetables in Sindhuli have been developed and disseminated.


Project Title: Small Scale Pig Farming for Generation of Self-employment in

Makwanpur Project No: PP 616/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Dr. Madhav Prasad Aryal Address: DLSO Makwanpur Telephone: 9741084514 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: DLSO Makwanpur, Hetauda

HICAST, Gatthaghar, Bhaktapur Start Date: July 2009 End Date: March 2012 Project Cost: Rs 19,94,100 Location of Project: Ward No 3,4,5,6 and 7 of Manahari VDC, Makwanpur

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Pig farming in Nepal is gaining popularity particularly among the urban and suburban inhabitants. Although, improved pigs are raised irrespective of caste, it is an important component of farming system of ethnic groups especially of Rai, Limbu, Magar, Tamang etc. and scheduled caste people i.e. Pode, Chyame, Danuwar in Nepal. Pig farming can be regarded as an emerging enterprise especially for small-scale farmers with potential of promotion as an income generating activity, leading to increased household income and food security.

Several attempts have been made in the past by the government or non-governmental organizations to introduce pig farming among the poor and marginalized groups of the community as an income generating activity with promising results. Since piglet production is relatively fast and provides quick return, pig husbandry could be profitable and sustainable if locally available feed resources are properly utilized along with the establishment and strengthening of marketing linkages. This might help to establish pig farming as a suitable option to uplift the livelihood of farming communities through creation of self-employment opportunities in the rural areas.

In the context of limited information available on sustainable approach of continued piglet production and their fattening using locally available feed resources. This project is therefore envisioned to improve the food security, livelihood and household income of poor people through small scale pig enterprise and develop a model for such purpose involving the pig farming communities.

Project Purpose/Objectives Youth in Nepal often face difficulties when it comes to getting employment or self-employment opportunities in the villages. Traditional agriculture barely supports their livelihood system, while limited land resource always hinders them to follow improved agricultural practices. Several challenges are hovering to cope with this situation as youth are equally vulnerable in establishing agricultural based rural opportunities. Nevertheless, livestock provides fair opportunities even at small scale of operation thus youth and farmers could improve their livelihood options if appropriate entrepreneurial ability could be established in a given context. Small non-ruminants such as pig husbandry have already been popular among the women and ethnic groups as an alternative means of income.

Therefore, the main motto of the project has been to provide farmers with opportunities to generate household income and development of self-employment through sustainable pig enterprise with appropriate technology in Makwanpur. The passing on gift model that promotes continuous piglet production by one group followed by fattening of male piglets by the other has been tried as a means to create self-employment opportunities to the youth and rural women. Technical knowledge of continued piglet production and fattening of male piglet scheme provides greater opportunities to the rural youth and women to develop sound entrepreneurial ability. Introduction of improved pure line swine breed will enhance the productivity of swine and encourage youth to


establish such enterprise. Moreover, this pig enterprise might improve livelihood of rural families providing better nutrition and income compared to existing practices. Scientific evidences have demonstrated that piglet production and fattening of male piglet could be one of the profitable and sustainable enterprises which could bring socio-economic changes. It is thus expected that establishment of successful pig farming by the small-scale farmer would generate employment opportunities and could establish a model of sustainable enterprise development for small-scale farmers.

Beneficiaries Small-scale and resource poor farmers of central and mid region, especially under privileged minority ethnic groups (e.g. Rai, Chepang, Tamang) will be the primary beneficiaries. Rural pig raisers, government line agencies, NGOs, CBOs and public sectors of Nepal will benefit directly by obtaining the appropriate and sustainable technology on pig farming for generating self-employment opportunities. The local traders, entrepreneurs and exporters will also benefit through increased transaction of pork as a result of project activities. It will create additional employment for youth and women in the region due to increasing pork production and marketing activities. Small-scale pig production system would be environment friendly as less waste nutrients are released to the environment, with the scope of using the waste for bio-gas. Hence, there will be no negative effects on the environment, socio-economic and gender aspects.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) The objectively verifiable indicator at goal level has been to improve the household level income and livelihood of at least 25% of families of the pig raising pocket area within the project implemented site. Whereas at purpose level, it has been anticipated that at least 200 potential households of pig raising pocket area of project implemented site will adopt the small scale pig enterprise to generate their household income through pig based entrepreneurial ability and thereby support their livelihood by the year 2012.

At outputs level, it has been anticipated that at least 200 farmers will adopt the recommended management packages for production, fattening and selling of piglets and approach the market through appropriate marketing channel by the end of 2012. Similarly, the farmers of Makawanpur were also supposed to have the basic “know how” about the pig enterprise along with appropriate management technologies by the year 2012.

As a result of this project, it has been assumed that there will be at least 100% increment in piglet production and fattening of male piglet with 30% increase in income of participating farmers as compared to those of non-participating. On the other hand, about 100 households in Manahari VDC-5, Pratappur and ward no 6 of Manahari, Makawanpur participated with successful (100%) establishment of piglet production and fattening of male piglet enterprise with sound marketing, ensuring 40% increase in annual household income after 24 months. Likewise, at least 50 farmers received local resource based improved pig husbandry training to help establish enterprise for self-employment by the end of project period. Once the technology will be available at hand, by the end of 2011, a significant population of resource poor farmers, in project site and its surroundings will be involved in pig husbandry and production for piglet and pork in commercial scale to generate their household income and improve their livelihood. Likewise, a significant population involved in continued fattening and selling of male piglet will have noticeable increase in their earning.

Up-scaling Pathways Periodic visit, joint meeting and discussion with concerned stakeholders about the on-going activities and outcome of the project will help disseminate the information on several aspects of production and marketing of pigs. Comprehensive publication of packages of practices on small scale pig farming comprising feeding, breeding, management and health care along with distribution among the concerned stakeholders will no doubt help disseminate the generated technology in a wider perspective. Farmer to farmer training will help to develop confidence and know-how about the pig enterprise development. Workshop on the generated outputs of the project involving district officials, farmers (participants and non-participants), local traders, butchers, CBOs, NGOs and other concerned stakeholders will help to disseminate the project findings. In addition, the workshop will strengthen the link among the concerned stakeholders thereby ensuring the sustainability of small scale pig enterprise.


Synopsis of Project Status Targeted Outputs:

The outputs that were anticipated to be achieved by the project and their status at the end of project activities were as follows.

1. Change in pig based livelihood system (social, household income and employment) due to project activities understood. The baseline information gathered on livelihood system of participatory farmers through group discussion, field observation, personal interview and PRA at the beginning of project have been compared with the observation made at the end of project period. A clear difference in household income among the participatory and non-participatory farmers has been observed. On an average, the piglet producing farmers were able to get 1.3 farrowing and wean 8 piglets/sow/year thereby obtained around 26 thousand rupees as additional gross household income. On the other hand, the fattening pig reached about 100 Kg and fetched 16 thousand rupees in one year time. Since the piglet producing farmers were supposed to raise two sows and the fatteners group raised 3 pigs, the additional gross household income generated due to pig farming account to be 50 thousand rupees per year which is lucrative option to the resource poor. At least one person of the participatory household was occupied in cleaning the shed; collecting the feed stuffs, cooking, feeding; taking care of newly born and seeking veterinary help as and when required. The income and employment generated in the participatory household clearly enhanced their social status, ability to afford for family nutrition and confidence to take part in community activities. Therefore it can be said that small scale pig farming have been successful in bringing positive changes in the resource poor and disadvantaged community in terms of household income, nutrition, employment and social status as compared to nonparticipating farmers.

2. Improved practices of continued piglet production and fattening of male piglet scheme along with marketing system developed. A new approach of continued piglet production followed by their subsequent fattening has been successfully adopted in the project. For this purpose; the piglet producer group (PPG), which are otherwise known as first tire group (FTG), has been formed involving 50 participatory farmers. They constructed improved shed and received training on various aspects of pig farming like piglet rearing, feeding using locally available feed resources, housing and health management. Each of them have received one female piglet from the project and purchased additional one piglet by their own. On the other hand; fattening farmer’s group (FFG), which is otherwise known as second tire group (STG) has been formed involving 50 participatory farmers. They have also constructed improved shed, attended training on various aspects of pig farming and received inputs supplied by the project. They did fattening of at least 3 piglets by purchasing from the first tire group. A second group of piglet producing farmers was also formed who received one female piglet from the first PPG as per the passing on gift scheme. Similarly a second group of fattening farmers was also formed and promoted as per the first one. In this way, a model has been developed for continued piglet production and their subsequent fattening by comprising 200 pig raising households organized in four different groups. Out of the four groups, farmers in PPG involved in piglet production and those in FFG were involved in fattening thereby establishing a kind of network of piglets marketing among themselves. In addition, fattening in groups attracted the local traders thereby making easy to sell pigs for meat purpose in the local markets and nearby urban centers. Therefore, it can be said that a model of continued piglet production and fattening has been devised and applied successfully which might continue even after completion of the project.

3. Training package on pig husbandry based on local resources for small scale production system developed. A booklet on pig husbandry comprising various aspects of pig farming like feeding, breeding, health and marketing has been designed and published. The book has been written in Nepali language targeting the small scale pig producers who rely mostly on locally available feed resources to feed their pigs. The book would no doubt be an asset to conduct training on pig farming as an income generating activity to the pro-poor and disadvantaged groups across the country. Therefore, it seems that the output has been achieved as anticipated by the project.

4. The generated technological information on small scale pig enterprise disseminated.


A daylong workshop has been organized in Hetauda inviting participants from diverse field. The DAO, DDC, VDCs, DLSO, DADO, DFO, DCO, WDO Local NGOs, Cooperatives, political parties, farmers, businessman, local radios, printed media etc. have attended the workshop where the preliminary findings of the project has been discussed. In addition, the pig farming booklet published by the project has been disseminated to the concerned stakeholders. Thus it seems that the workshop organized to discuss the project findings at the end of project and the distribution of booklet on pig farming has been influential to help spread the technological information in a wider perspective.

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Site selection/

meeting with stakeholders

At the beginning, ward no 5 & 6 of Manahari VDC Makwanpur were selected as project implementation sites which later on extended to ward no 3,4 & 7 mainly to select the adequate number of appropriate participatory farmers. Pre-field visit was made along with meeting & interaction with concerned stakeholders like participatory farmers, CBOs, local political bodies, district line agencies, collaborators, project team members etc so as to make them aware of the project and to identify their potential role and responsibilities. Series of such interactions were found helpful to finalize the working approach and modalities, and to clarify the issues that were important to discuss in the process of inception and to begin the work.

Completed in November

2009

1.2 Social Mobilization & PRA

This activity targeted for the first two years of project has been undertaken to understand the role of pig in livelihood approach of the participatory community. Continued efforts were made to motivate and encourage the farmers to take care of their pigs, maintain good hygienic condition in the pig shed, prepare pig feed using locally available feed resources fortified with the feed supplements provided by the project, consult the animal health worker of the nearby service center of DLSO as and when necessary etc. The members of PPG were encouraged to pass on one female piglet as a gift to another member as per the scheme designed by the project. Similarly, the participants of the second tire i.e. FFG were encouraged to fatten by procuring piglets from the first tire group. Regular field visits were made during which interaction and discussion were held with pig raising farmers together with collecting and recording the pertinent information using PRA tools.


2010

1.3 Household survey

Household surveys have been undertaken at the beginning and end of the project involving the participatory and non-participatory farmers inhabiting the same locality. Semi-structured questionnaire check-list prepared for such purpose was used to gather information particularly on changes in income, employment, household nutrition due to pig farming. Group discussion and observation of household’s surroundings were also taken into account to compare and contrast the changes in the community as a result of being or not being a part of the implemented project activities. A pronounced positive change in household income, nutrition, employment and social status of the participatory farmers has been witnessed as compared to those of nonparticipating farmers.


2011

2.1Training This has been a regular task of the project and was carried out successfully to impart the knowledge and skills to the participatory farmers on various aspects of pig farming. The location and contents


2011


of training has been chosen to suit the need and interest of participatory farmers. Each group comprising 50 participants received at least two training during the project period. They have been trained on construction of improved shed for pig, preparation of pig feed using locally available feed resources, care and management of pregnant sow and newly born piglets, improved pig breeds available in Nepal and their breeding management, major diseases of pigs and their management, importance of vaccine and vaccination etc. The participants have regarded the training as very informative and useful. Training was focused on overall management, health care and major disease of pig together with prevention and control of major diseases. Emphasis was also given to reduce the feeding cost by the use of locally available feed resources and how to enrich them using some feed additives as to meet the requirement of growing pigs.

2.2 Piglet purchase This project has introduced the improved breeds of pig like Landrace, Duroc and Yorkshire from Chitwan, Pokhara and Makwanpur to the project implemented sites on partnership basis. A total of 50 female and 5 male piglets were supplied by the project whereas each participatory farmers of PPG procured one female piglet by their own. In this way 100 female and 5 male pigs were maintained in 50 households which were organized as piglet producing group or PPG.

Completed in March

2010

2.3Input Supply As one of the regular tasks scheduled for the entire project period, this activity has been completed successfully. Inputs that were deemed necessary for pig farming like feed additives, antihelminthics, mineral and vitamin preparations, antibiotics and sanitary products were supplied to the participatory farmers both in the PPG and FFG during the project period. Since the project intended to encourage pig feeding based on locally available feed ingredients, feed additives supplied were mostly the minerals and vitamins. Such preparations needed to enrich the locally prepared creep or pig feed.


2011

2.4 Fattening of male

piglets

Two groups of fattening farmers i.e. FFG have been formed who procured at least three piglets from the PPG and carried out their fattening for meat purpose. However, the resource poor farmer often faced difficulty in meeting the feed needs through the locally available resources as they were not sufficient. Some observed sub-optimal weight gain if commercial or fortified feeds were not supplied. Therefore, some farmers might show unwillingness or cannot continue fattening if not supported in feed fortification. This has provided a useful learning that pig farming as an income generating activities should be introduced cautiously among the ultra poor.


2011

2.5 Data analysis

The information generated in the project was compiled and processed using SPSS computer package. The qualitative and quantitative information were analyzed using the suitable statistical tools and interpreted accordingly.

Completed in March

2012

3.1 Development of management package

A booklet on pig husbandry, written in Nepali language, has been published and available for distribution. The booklet has targeted the pro-poor farmers involved in small scale piggery who depend mostly on locally available feed resources to feed their pigs.

Completed in March

2012


Nevertheless, it might be a useful asset to teaching, research and extension across the country.

4.1 Tours/Visits Day-long observation tours have been organized twice during the project period involving about 40 participatory farmers in each tour who have visited various pig farms in Chitwan, Nawalparasi and Makwanpur districts. It has been useful in acquiring first-hand information on various aspects of pig farming including feeding, breeding, health care, management and marketing. The tour has been regarded very productive by the participants in terms of imparting knowledge, skills and insights through exposure.

Completed in March

2011

4.2 Workshop with concerned stakeholders

A day long workshop has been organized in Hetauda involving participants from various walks of life to discuss and disseminate the outcome of the project. Government line agencies, local development institutions, non-government organizations, cooperative, CBOs and other concerned stakeholders actively participated the workshop. The workshop has been very successful in dissemination of project findings in a wider perspective.

Completed in March

2011

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) 1. A pig farming model comprised of continued piglet production and fattening has been devised and

successfully executed involving the pig farming communities. 2. The “passing on gift” scheme could be successfully implemented to expand pig farming among the

potential pig raisers. 3. Locally available feed resources could be better utilized if fortified with minerals and vitamins to meet

the need of pregnant and fatteners. 4. Fattening program should be cautiously introduced among the ultra poor as an income generating

option. In the face of their inability to afford for pig feeds, they might show unwillingness to continue the activity thereby leading to program failure.

5. Marketing network could be easily established for the piglets and fatteners if the program is implemented in suburban or growing market centers with road accessibility.


Project Title: Improved forage based Jersey cattle rearing program in

Sandhikharka and its adjoining VDCs of Arghakhanchi district to Promote dairy industries

Project No: 617/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Harish Chandra BhusalAddress: Argha village Development committee, Arghakhanchi Telephone: 9857027904 Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Start Date: 16 July, 2009 (

B.S.2066/04/01)End Date: 15 July, 2012 (

B.S.2069/03/30) Project Cost: 1955452 Location of Project: Argha, Kimdanda, Sandhikharka

PROJECT SUMMARY Background Livestock is an important source for subsistence of farmers in the hilly area of Nepal. It is also act as a "Living bank of poor farmers". However livestock productivity in the hill is esteemed to be very low. Out of which milk production and productivity is very low and availability of standardize milk in the district headquarter of hilly district is one of the crucial problems of Nepal. Total milk production in Nepal during 1997/98 was 1.05 million Mt. The Agriculture perspective plan (APP) targets 4 folds increase of this figure in 20 years period. Presently, 10% of the total milk produced in the country through the formal sector. The Department of Livestock Services has given priority in milk production. Further more increase access to rural road due to increasing construction of highways and link/agriculture/rural roads would mean increase opportunity for rural milk producers to urban centers to market their milk. Out of many hilly district headquarter, availability of standardize milk in Arghakhanchi district headquarter ( Sandhikharka) is one of the problems. Promotion of dairy industries in Sandhikharka VDC by increasing the milk production in its peripheral VDCs is the best solution to alleviate these problems. Rural farmers of proposed VDCs have raised low productive local buffaloes as their livestock farming and thus they have very low household income. Only four farmers near by market raise jersey cattle and become able to increase their income by selling milk in the market. Jersey cattle in the area have showed better performance for milk production than buffalo. A research showed that average milk yield of jersey is higher than murrah buffalo i.e. average milk yield of jersey is 4500 liter per lactation where as milk yield of Murrah buffaloes varies from 1030 to 2907 liter per lactation CA Gopalak rishnan, G. Morley, Mohanlal (1996). Livestock and poultry enterprises for Rural development .Gestation as well as dry period is longer in buffalo than in jersey cattle. Lactation period of buffalo is 270 days, followed by dry period of 125 days where as lactation period of cattle is 305 days and dry period of 60 days. Above reason showed that Jersey cattle farming could be the profitable enterprises for increasing their aggregate income of household. Farmers of the proposed area interested to increase their income through high milk yield livestock farming but reluctant to adopt new technologies because of small farmers. Most of the farmers of the project area raise buffaloes traditionally and small support will help and compel them to adopt jersey farming. Promotion of cattle for semi commercial production needs support on improved breed, proper management practices and other technical advises for increasing milk production in the project area. Project Purpose/Objectives The overall purpose of the project is to promote dairy industries by increasing milk production and productivity through improved forage based jersey rearing program. By 2012, proposed project has aimed the production of milk in the proposed four VDCs will increase by 50 % and small scale dairy enterprises will be well established. Above mentioned purpose will be achieved by enhancing technical skill/ capacity, entrepreneurship and organizational set up of the farmers and dairy entrepreneur, by introducing and promoting jersey cattle in proposed VDCs, by up scaling of technologies and technical know how to other


adjoining VDCs. Establishment of the small scale dairy enterprises in Arghakhanchi district headquarter would provide market for farmers and at the same time make processed milk/ milk products available to the market population, replacing the existing unhygienic handling / selling of loose milk . The major problems that the project will help to resolve are :

• Poor availability of milk in Sandhikharka, main marketing center and the district headquarter of Arghakhanchi district.

• A small scale (up to 1000 liter/day capacity) dairy plant was started in B.S. 2056 to fulfill the demand of milk in the area. But due to inadequate milk supply, plant can't run properly and ultimately it was stopped in 2059 B.S. Similarly another entrepreneur again started the plant but within one year plant became closed. Now a entrepreneur has started a plant which is poorly run due to scarcity of raw milk. This existing plant can provide only 20 liter of milk/day where the demand of milk in the district headquarter is about 800 liter / day ( Survey report of Sandhikharka VDC , 2063)

• Most of the rural farmers of the proposed project area have very low household income and they raise buffaloes for milk and hardly maintain their livelihood. Only a few farmers raise jersey cattle and show the better performance in the project area but most of the farmers of the project area are small and thus reluctant to raise Jersey cattle due to low risk bearing capacity.

• Farmers of the project area don't have any special information and knowledge for improved grass cultivation and management of marginal land for grass production.

• It has felt an urgent need to introduce new technologies for increasing the milk production to solve the problems of milk scarcity in the market of Arghakhanchi district headquarter. Because Arghakhanchi district headquarter has milk deficit of about 780 liter/ day ( Survey report of Sandhikharka VDC , 2063)

• Women and resource poor farmers are not exposed to new yield enhancing technologies eg. Improved breed.

• Arghakhanchi district has constructed the highest number of fair weather road in Nepal. Thus soil erosion as well as land slide becomes the main problems for the district. Improved grass plantation to the edge of the road will be one of the solutions among many.

• Milk collection and supply network in the project area is very poor. So identification and establishment of milk collection center is necessary at the same time milk producer farmers association is must.

• Farmers of the area do not have any knowledge about Artificial insemination and its advantages which will be the important activity for breeding Jersey cattle instead of distributing breeding bulls.

It is expected that this proposed project will solve the above mentioned problems and thus it is rational for the proposed area. Beneficiaries Directly 40 Jersey cattle rearing farmers household, a dairy entrepreneur and 4000 people of district headquarter are benefited from the project. Improved grass plantation to the edge of the above proposed four road and marginal land of the farmers of the project area will help to protect soil erosion. Through this activity directly or indirectly more than 18000 population will be benefited. The proposed project covers five village development committees including district headquarter. All the VDCs are the peripheral VDCs of district headquarter . All together the proposed project directly serves a population of about 22000 which comprises 3400 households. The pre dominant ethnic group in the area are Brahin / chhetree 48 %, Dalit 30 % and Janajati/ Adibasi 22 % ( Updated district profile 2064/65, DDC , Arghakhanchi) . The overall literacy rate of project area is about 65 % ( Report of DEO, 2064). People of Bazzar area will be benefited by increased production and productivity of nutritious food per unit area, which will help to reduce protein energy deficient malnutrition, growth retardation and increase per capita milk consumption. Women, infant, Children, Pregnant and lactating mother, patient, elderly population, officials, merchant and small scale resource poor and marginal farmers including Dalit, Janajati, Aadibasi are the main beneficiaries of this project in particular.


Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Output 1 Technical Skill/Capacity, entrepreneurship and organizational set up of

farmers and entrepreneur of dairy plant enhanced. • 47 milk producers farmers involved in jersey cattle farming • 84 Jersey cattle has been reared in concerned VDCs. • four jersey rearing farmers group has been formed. • one dairy entrepreneur of Sandhikharka VDCs has gain a appropriate knowledge to produce

hygienic milk. • Two farmers from the VDCs has become the resource person for improved livestock farming

Output 2 Farmers introduce and promote jersey cattle through improved forage cultivation.

• 47 farmers of the proposed VDCs reared jersey cattle. • 11 more rural farmers of the project area has itself purchased one each lactating Jersey cattle. • 15 ropanies of marginal land of proposed VDCs farmers covered by improved grass Amriso (

Broom grass, Molases, Stylo etc). • About 350 liter of hygienic milk has been distributed to the district headquarter. • 42 farmers were involved in observation tour

Output 3 Availability of hygienic and standardize milk in district headquarter increased

• Four collection center has been identified in each proposed VDCs and two collection center has been established in kimdanda VDC.

• About 350 liter of milk has been collected and supplied in the market. • Milk production of the proposed VDCs has been increased by 40 %.

Output 4 Up scaling of technologies and technical know how to the remaining farmers of proposed village development committees and five other adjoining VDCs.

• 30 Jersey calves have born from the distributed 40 cows and rest of all are lactating . • All Jersey cattle rearing farmers became informative about the concept of Artificial insemination. • About 20 % farmers of the proposed VDCs has became well known about Artificial insemination

and improved grass cultivation practices. • About 15 farmers has been itself attracted in Jersey cattle farming. • One more rural road construction users committee has been planted the Amriso at the edge of the

road. • 40 farmers were aware about the artificial insemination • Rest of Five VDCs namely Dharapani,patauti, Nuwakot, Thada and Panena of the Arghakhanchi has

been attracted for cattle raising. Up-scaling Pathways This is itself an up scaling type project which primarily focuses on empowering the technical and marketing skills of potential community based milk producers groups. Enhancing updated knowledge, Skills, institutional learning and networks of these groups with other governent and non government institutions will pave way for further out scaling of Jersey breed and improved grass cultivation practices. In other words, once the groups starts to produce increase milk production from Jersey cattle through improved grass cultivation that is the sign of ensured uptake pathway.

DLSO, Arghakhanchi will be involved in Artificial insemination program for Jersey cattle breeding and improved grass cultivation practices. Moreover it will involve for technical monitoring as well as progrmme planning. Memorandum between the project and DLSO, Arghakhanchi has been made in this aspect.

Especially following will be the promotion pathways for uptake or up scaling of the project outputs:


• Jersey cattle rearing and improved grass cultivation activities will be practiced on farmers field which will help to convince the farmers and will be the best method of adopting the program in the adjoining area.

• Linkage development between farmers and DLSO. • Publication and dissemination of leaflet and booklets about success story of Jersey cattle breeding

through improved grass cultivation in the marginal land of the farmers and edge of the road. • Program monitoring evaluation and impact assessment for up scaling or uptake feed back to the rest

of the farmers. • Market management workshop between and within DLSO, DDC, VDCs, milk producers and dairy

entrepreneur • Promotion of dairy enterprises in district headquarter is the important sector of District as district

council has given priority and thereby it has become the concerned of district. Thus it is automatically the uptake and up scaling sign.

• DLSO has started the Artificial insemination program from this year (2065/66) which will help to breeding the distributed cattle breed and increase the number of Jersey breed in the project area.

• Inter district observation tour of stakeholder. Once the farmers are convinced from the beneficial effects of the technology, it is not only sustained, but also disseminated from one place to another as the high milk yielding jersey breed and improved grasses, when the project support is withdrawn.

Again, high Milk production and productivity from the Jersey cattle will automatically help to run the dairy enterprises in sustainable manner and ultimately consumer of the project area will get hygienic milk regularly. Synopsis of Project Status Targeted Outputs:

Output 1 Technical Skill/Capacity, entrepreneurship and organizational set up of farmers and entrepreneur of dairy plant enhanced.

Output 2 Farmers introduce and promote jersey cattle through improved forage cultivation.

Output 3 Availability of hygienic and standardize milk in district headquarter increased Output 4 Up scaling of technologies and technical know how to the remaining farmers of

proposed village development committees and five other adjoining VDCs.


Activities Progress status Remarks

Conduct field survey to identify the active farmers interested in jersey cattle farming.

Two field technician namely Mani Ram Paudel was involved in field survey. During the period, field technician gathered farmers in different settlement and identify the 36 active farmers interested in jersey cattle farming. Those farmers has purchased 40 cross breed of jersey cattle. Project coordinator namely Harishchandr Bhusal as well as Socio- economist Suraj Saru has been playing a guiding role to identify the farmers. After identify the interested farmers, four group has been formed in the concerned VDCs.

Village development committee wise program implementation pre workshop

Program implementation workshops were conducted in Kimdanda, Argha, Sandhikharka and Dhikura VDCs on 2066/5/5, 2066/5/15, 2066/5/18 and 2066/6/1 respectively. During the period, VDCs bodies, Intellectual, women, dalit, Janajati were participated. In the workshop of Argha VDC, there was 80 people were Participated. Similarly in


kimdanda 100, in Dhikura 56 and in Sandhikharka 88 farmers were participated. In the workshops Project Coordinator, Socio- economist and field technician facilitated about the program modality.

Facilitation to the milk producers in group formation and marketing network.

In four VDCs, all together four farmers groups have been formed. There is 10 members in each group. Field technician was fully involved in group formation.

Leaders farmers training on livestock management and improved grass plantation.

Five days leaders farmers training on livestock management and improved grass plantation was conducted in Kimdanda VDC in the first trimester where as another training was conducted in Argha VDCs at Magh 3, 2066 in second trimester. Project coordinator and field technician was the resource person of the training. The training was conducted at the date of 2066 Kartik 8 to kartik 12.

Local resource person development training VAHW

One farmer from each VDC was selected for local resource person development training. Altogether 4 farmers achieved resource person development training.

Improved as well as local forage grass plantation campaign in marginal land of farmers and edge of the road.

40 farmers have planted the Broom grass in their marginal land during Ashad in close contact with field technician of LBSCD. Project has assisted the farmers in purchasing and transportation of sets of Broom grass. All together 15 ropanies land was covered by plantation. During this month different grass plantation campaign was conducted

Import jersey cattle and distributed to the interested identified farmers

Upto now only 47 farmers purchase the jersey cattle. All 47 jersey cattle were purchased from Kathmandu district and distributed to the farmers. All farmers, organization chairperson, technician were involved in selecting and purchasing the jersey. Project was assist to the farmers for transportation of cattle. Remaining 5 Jersey cattle was purchased from Kapilvastu district and distributed to the Sandhikharka VDCs. Field technician of the project day to day visits the jersey cattle rearing farmers to identify the problems.

Identification and establishment of the milk collection center in each four village development committee.

One milk collection center was established in Neta of Kimdanda VDC and another one was established in Argha VDC. Other two milk collection center is in process. Farmers and field technician just select the site for milk collection.

Observation tour for jersey rearing farmers.

Altogether 42 farmers from the project area were involved in the observation tour dated, Kartik 5 to 7 in Kapilvastu, palpa, Rupandehi district. Two technician namely Mani Ram Paudel and Padam Ghimire facilited to the farmers during the observation tour. During the Visit, farmers were specially observed the dairy enterprise in the respective district. Not only were these farmers visited in the improved grass cultivation area in


palpa. Farmers also observed the commercialize farming as well as individual farmers rearing the Jersey cattle and their performance in rural areas.

Facilitation to the dairy entrepreneur for managing the plant.

DLSO staff , project socio- economist , project coordinator as well as field technician visit the dairy plant and suggest the dairy entrepreneur to extent the service by establishing the small sells center in different cluster. A meeting was arranged with different consumers, milk producers and different stakeholder in sandhikharka VDCs during 18 Magh 2066. Another coordination meeting was held at 2067 Ashad 26 .

Coordination and interaction meeting between and within milk producer’s farmers and entrepreneur of dairy plant for regular collection and supply of milk.

Four coordination and interaction meeting between and within milk producer’s farmers and entrepreneur of dairy plant for regular collection and supply of milk has been completed in Sandhikharka VDC.

Market Management workshop between and within District Livestock Office, District Development Committee, Village Development Committee, Milk Producers, dairy Plan entrepreneur.

A workshop was conducted in the district headquarter with different stakeholder such as DLSO, DDC, VDC and farmers. During the period, Discussion about further increase in milk production, its marketing, and quality was done. During the period Butwal Dairy Development Corporation was also participated. At the moment Butwal DDC was committed to take a huge amount of milk if farmers can produce. This further helps to up scaling of the program. Farmers besides the project VDCs were also excited to purchase Jersey Cattle to increase their income level. In conclusion the workshop was so fruitful and is expected to further expansion of the program.

Coordination / linkage development of farmers with DLSO for jersey cattle breeding through Artificial insemination .

A coordination. Linkage development of farmers with DLSO for jersey cattle breeding through AI was completed in Sandhikharka. During the period DLSO staff and project staff presented the concept, Advantages and Disadvantages of AI.

Training to the farmers about the artificial insemination

Two days training to the all 40 farmers involved in Jersey Cattle farming was conducted in Kimdanda VDCs. This training was just provided to the farmers on awareness raising about the Artificial insemination. During the training they were aware about the Advantages and Disadvantages of AI, Estrus period and estrus cycle, Gestation period, Rectal palpation etc.

Publication/dissemination of leaflets, booklets and training materials about jersey breed, its artificial insemination and improved grass cultivation.

10000 piece of leaflets related to Artificial insemination and improved grass cultivation process were published and distributed to the project area. Furthermore some booklets were also published and distributed to the jersey cattle related farmers.

Program monitoring evaluation and impact assessment for

Project monitoring team visited eight times in each VDC and provide a report of success and feedback


feedback . also

Review and planning meeting/ workshop

Besides the monthly meeting of the staff, we have organized two review and mid term planning meeting in the concerned VDCs. At the meeting various feedback were provided for the further strengthening of the program. Project staff, farmers and other stakeholder were the participant of the review meeting.

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) Output 1 Technical Skill/Capacity , entrepreneurship and organizational set up of farmers and

entrepreneur of dairy plant enhanced. Rating 4 OVI Status • 102 milk producers farmers involved in jersey cattle farming

• 200 Jersey cattle has been reared in concerned VDCs. • four jersey rearing farmers group has been formed. • Three dairy enterprises has been established in the district headquarter and one

dairy entrepreneur of Sandhikharka VDCs has gain a appropriate knowledge to produce hygienic milk

• All together 5 farmers from the VDCs has become the resource person for improved livestock farming

Output 2 Farmers introduce and promote jersey cattle through improved forage cultivation. Rating 4 OVI Status • 102 farmers of the proposed VDCs reared jersey cattle.

• 62 more rural farmers of the project area has itself purchased one each lactating Jersey cattle.

• 30 ropanies of marginal land of proposed VDCs farmers covered by improved grass Amriso ( Broom grass, Molases, Stylo etc).

• About 800 liter of hygienic milk has been distributed to the district headquarter. • 42 farmers were involved in observation tour

Output 3 Availability of hygienic and standardize milk in district headquarter increased Rating 4 OVI Status • Four collection center has been identified in each proposed VDCs

• About 800 liter of milk has been collected and supplied in the market . • Milk production of the proposed VDCs has been increased by 150 %.

Output 4 Up scaling of technologies and technical know how to the remaining farmers of proposed village development committees and five other adjoining VDCs.

Rating 4 OVI Status • 45 Jersey calves have born from the distributed 40 cows and rest of all are

lactating . • All Jersey cattle rearing farmers became informative about the concept of

Artificial insemination. • About 50 % farmers of the proposed VDCs has became well known about

Artificial insemination and improved grass cultivation practices. • About 65 farmers has been itself attracted in Jersey cattle farming. • One more rural road construction users committee has been planted the Amriso at

the edge of the road. • 40 farmers were aware about the artificial insemination • Rest of six VDCs namely Dharapani,patauti, Nuwakot, Thada, pokharathok and

Panena of the Arghakhanchi has been attracted for cattle raising.


Project Title: kfNkf / c3f{vfFrL lhNnfdf u'0f:t/Lo 3f+; v]tL jLp k|jw{gjf6 cfo cfh{g

;lxt ls;fgx?sf] kz'kfng / vfB;'/Iffjf6 ul/lj Go"lgs/0f kl/of]hgf Project No: 618/2008/09 Project Coordinator: /fh]Gb| s'df/ rf}w/L - ljP;;L PhL _ Address: ;+ks{ – lzjfno uf=lj=;= jf8{ g+= $ k|ultrf]sTelephone: )^&– $@)#!# Fax: )^&– $@)@^) Email: enprednepal @ ntc.net.np Collaborating organisations: :jf:Yo lzkd'ns z}lIfs ljsf; s]Gb|, kfNkf Start Date: >fj0f )^^ End Date: kmfu'g )^* Project Cost: !(,((,!*# .–Location of Project: kfNkf lhNnfsf % uflj; / cwf{vfrL lhNnfsf @ uflj;x?

Background

g]kfnsf] If]qkmnnfO{ x]bf{ w]/} h;f] e"–w/ftn kxf8L / ljs6 /x]sf] 5 . kxf8L / ljs6 e"— w/ftn If]qx? dWo] klZdf~rn If]qsf] kfNkf / c3f{vfFrL lhNnfdf k/Dk/fut le/fnf] ux|fdf v]tL ug]{ rng, h+un kmf8gL, cltj[li6, cgfj[li6,e"–:vng, /f;folgs dn, jLp / ljiffbLsf] k|of]un] df6f]df clDnokg j9L df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm gi6 eO{ lbg k|ltlbg pTkfbg 3l6/x]sf] 5 . xfn klg lhNnfdf wlg / dWod ls;fg ;+u /}s/, cJjn / bf]od h:tf pTkfbg /fd|f] x'g] hldg :jfldTjdf /x]sf] / l;dfGt ul/j ls;fgx? ;+u l;d, rfx/ h:tf sd pTkfbg x'g] hldg dfq :jfldTjdf /x]sf] 5 . w]/} h:tf] ul/jsf] hdLg vf]nf lsgf/ / h+un 5]pdf x'g] ePsf]n] / kfvf]jf/L x'g'n] s[lif pTkfbgdf / 3fF;sf] ;w} sdL, klx/f]jf6 ljleGg vfBGgjfnL gf]S;fgLn] vfBGg cefj, j:t'efp v'Nnf 5fl8g'n] e"Ifo / 3f+F;sf] sdLjf6 kz'kfngdf x|f; b]lvG5 . h;n] ubf{ u|fld0f hgtfn] hf]lvd / cefj j]xf]g{' kl//x]sf] 5 . ul/jLsf] df/df dlxnf, blnt / ljkGg ls;fgx? k/]sf 5g\ . ul/jL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu vfnL kfvf / pTkfbg sd x'g] hdLgdf u'0f:t/Lo 3fF; v]tL jLp pTkfbgn]] ljkGg / nlIft ju{df k|ToIf ;xof]u k'Ug] 5 . 3fF; v]tL ul/ jfx|} dlxgf kz'x?sf] nflu cfjZos 3Ff; cfk"lt{ ul/ kz'hGo pTkfbgdf j[l4 ul/ yk cfo cfh{g / kz'kfngjf6 kz'hGo pTkfbg / dnsf] k|of]u Pj+ df6f]sf] ;'/Iffjf6 hdLgsf] pTkfbsTjdf ;'wf/ eO{ jfnL pTkfbgdf j[l4 u/L vfB ;'/Iffjf6 ls;fgsf] lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ NofO{ kz' cfxf/sf] pknJwtfdf j[l4 / kz' tyf s[lif hGo pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbO{ ul/jL Go"lgs/0f ug]{ ;f]r /x]sf] 5 . h;jf6 k|ToIf ?kdf kfvf kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] z;lQms/0fdf d2t k'Ug] 5 . o; kl/of]hgfn] kfNkf / c3f{vfFrL lhNnfsf & uflj;df vfB ;'/Iffsf nflu 3fF;sf] u'0f:t/Lo jLpsf] pTkfbg, ljqmL ;fy} kz'kfngjf6 ls;fgsf] cfly{s :t/ j[l4 eO{ lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] nIo ;lxt u'0f:tl/o 3fF; jLp cfk"lt{df hf]8 lbO{ ls;fgx?sf] cfDbfgL Pj+ kz' cfxf/sf] pknJwtfn] s[lif / kz'hGo pTkfbgdf j[l4 ul/ vfB ;'/Iffdf hf]8 lbg] p2]Zo ;lxt u'0f:tl/o 3f+; ljp pTkfbg / cfk"lt{ ;+hfn ljsf;, 3f+;sf] pknJwtf / kz'kfng ;fy} sfo{qmdsf] k|rf/ k|;f/df hf]8 lbO{g] 5 .

Project Purpose/Objectives • u'0f:tl/o 3fF; jLp cfk"lt{df hf]8 lbO{ ls;fgx?sf] cfDbfgL Pj+ kz' cfxf/sf] pknJwtfn] s[lif / kz'hGo

pTkfbgdf j[l4 ul/ vfB ;'/Iffdf hf]8 .

Beneficiaries • o; kl/of]hgfn] kz'kfng / 3fF;sf] jLp pTkfbgsf] ;+efjgf ePsf kfNkf lhNnfsf % uflj; 5x/f,

e"jgkf]v/L, km]s, l;4]Zj/, lrt{'Ëwf/f, kf]v/fyf]s / cwf{vfFrL lhNnfsf @ uflj; aNsf]6 / d}bfgsf @÷@ jf8{sf @%÷@% ls;fgx?nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo jLp pTkfbg ;fy} kz'kfng dfkm{t cfo cfh{g / vfB ;'/Iffsf nflu sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g] 5 . @ lhNnfsf !$ ;d'xsf !^%) hg;+Vof sfo{qmdjf6 k|ToIf nfeflGjt x'g] 5g\ .

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Output 1

• u'0f:tl/o 3fF; jLp ;+sng / ljlqmsf] ;+hfn lgdf{0f eO{ ls;fgx?sf] cfo cfh{g ePsf] x'g]5 .


!=! kl/of]hgf cGt ;Dddf #%) hgf ls;fgx?n] jflif{s ?kdf Go'td !)) s]=hL= ljleGg hftsf] u'0f:t/Lo jLp pTkfbg / cfk"lt{ eO{ Go'gtd k|ltJoflQm $) xhf/ cfDbfgL u/]sf x'g]5g\ .

!=@ 3fF; ljpsf] ;+sng tyf ljlqmsfnflu :yflgo :t/df 3fF; ljp ;xsf/L @ j6f :yfkgf u/]sf x'g]5g\ . Output 2 :

• ls;fgx?sf] vfB;'/Iff / lxpbdf klg kz'x?nfO{ kf]lznf] xl/of] 3f+; pknAw ePsf] x'g]5 . @=! kl/of]hgfsf] cGt ;Dddf #%) hgf ls;fgx?n] lxpFbdf yk @ dlxgf xl/of] 3fF; kz'x?nfO{ VjfO{

kz'kfngdf ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g]5 . @=@ ;+:yfn] k|:tfljt u/]sf sfo{ If]q leqsf #%) ls;fgx?n] cfkm\gf] kz'nfO{ ;Gt'lnt cfxf/ Vf'jfO{ e};Lsf]

b'w tyf jfv|fsf] df;' ljlqmjf6 Go'gtd ?=%))) yk cfDbfgL u/]sf x'g]5g\ . Output 3 :

cfof]hgfsf] k|ltkmnsf]] Aofks k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] x'g]5 . #=! kl/of]hgf If]q jflx/ s[ifsx?n] !) x]S6/ hdLgdf 3fF;sf] jLp v]tL ug{ z'?jft u/]sf x'g]5g\ . #=@ kl/of]hgf If]q 3fF;sf] u'0f:t/Lo jLp pTkfbg / cfk"lt{ s]Gb|sf] ?kdf kl/lrt eO{ If]qut ?kdf 3fF;sf]

jLp lgoldt pknJw x'g]5 .

Up-scaling Pathways ;+:yfn] ;d'x u7g s[ifsx?nfO{ 3fF; jLp 5g]{ ;fy} ;+/If0f ;fy} jLp ;+sngsf nflu tflnd ;+rfng ul/g]

5 . s[ifsx?nfO{ cfjZos k|ljlws ;xof]u lgoldt ul/g] 5 . jLp pTkfbgnfO{ kz'kfng ;+u hf]8]/ sfo{qmd ul/g] 5 .

of] k|ljlwsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ePdf ls;fgx? cfkm} g} vf]h]/ klg ljleGg 3fF; jLp v]tL ub{5g\ . ;+:yfn] ljleGg ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, ;d'x tyf ;fd'bflos jgnfO{ cfwf/ agfO{ lhNnf leq aflx/ klg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ 5 . gd'gf kl/If0f ^ :yfgdf kl/If0f Kn6 :yfkgf ul/g] 5 . sfo{qmdsf] If]q lj:tf/ k|fljwLnfO{ :yfgLo txdf k'¥ofpg o:tf sfd ul/g]5 . h;n] sfo{qmdnfO{ lbuf] agfpg] 5 . o; sfo{qmdaf6 cfPsf pknlAwx?nfO{ lhNnfsf ;/f]sf/jfnf ljrdf klg cg'ejsf] cfbfg k|bfg ul/g]5 . @ jif{ kl5 lhNnf leq aflx/sf ls;fg ljr 3fF; jLp / 3fF;sf]] pkof]lutf af/]df k|rf/ k|;f/ ;fy} sf]z]nL / pkxf/ k|bfgsf] sfd s[ifsx?n] cfkmGthg jf ;fyL efO{ :jo+ ug]{ 5g\ . uflj;, :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if, lhNnf jg sfof{no, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no / km]sf]kmg ;Fu sfd ug{sf nflu ;xdlt ePsf]]n] kl/of]hgfsf ;kmn l;sfO{x?nfO{ lhNnf e/L lj:tf/ ug{ k"0f{ ;xof]u ldNg]5 . Synopsis of Project Status Targeted Outputs: Activities Proposed

Activities Proposed Progress status Remarks!= u'0f:t/Lo 3fF; jLp pTkfbg / jhf/ Jofj:yfkg !=! lhNnf txdf sfo{{qmd jf/] hfgsf/L @)^^ efb|df ;DkGg !=@ 3fF; jLp pTkfbg / ks]6 If]q 5gf}6 uflj; cled'vLs/0f

@)^^ >fj0f b]vL cflZjg ;Dd ;DkGg

!=# s[ifs 5gf}6, ;d'x u7g / cfwf/e't tYofÍ ;+sng

@)^^ >fj0f / efb|df ;DkGg

!=$ v]tjf/Ldf ;d'x s[ifs 3fF+; jLp nufpg]] hfgsf/L tflnd ! k6s ! lbg

@)^^ >fj0f b]vL sflt{s ;Dd ;DkGg

!=%;d'xnfO{ 3f+;sf] d'n jLp vl/b / k|fljlws ;xof]u @)^^ >fj0f b]vL lg/Gt/ ;xof]u !=^ gd'gf 3f+; ljp Kn6 l;sfO{ e|d0f @)^& ;DkGg !=& s[ifsnfO{ u'0f:tl/o 3fF; ljp ;+sng / e08f/ jf/] Jofjxf/Ls tflnd

@)^& sflt{s sflt{s / d+l;/ df3df;DkGg

!=@=! jLp pTkfbs s[ifs ;xsf/L dfkm{t ;+hfnLs/0f @)^& h]i7 / c;f/df ;+hfn agfO ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 u/L lg/Gt/ ;xof]u


!=@=@ jLp pTkfbs s[ifs / Jofkf/L ljr 5nkmn @)^& sflt{sdf ;DkGg @=@ gd'gf If]q ks]6 sfo{qmd @=@=! 3fF; jLp pTkfbg tflnd ! lbg @ k6s @)^& sflt{sdf ;DkGg @=@=@ ;d'xdf ljkGg dxLnfsfnflu cfocfh{g 3'lDtsf]if

@)^^ df3 / @)^& sflt{sdf ljt/0f

#=! sfo{qmdsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ #=!=! lnkm\n]6 k|sfzg xfn sfd e} /x]sf] k|]zdf 5kfO{ x'b}

#=!=@ :tDe n]v k|sfzg )^& j}zfif, )^& sflt{sdf / )^* sflt{sdf ;DkGg

#=!=# PkmPd /]l8of] sfo{{qmd )^& j}zfifdf / )^& kmfNu'0fdf ;fy} )^* sflt{sdf ;DkGg

#=!=$ ;+rf/sdL{ :ynut cg'udg )^^ df3df / @)^& sflt{sdf ;DkGg #=!=% ls;fgnfO{ ldlg ls6 ljt/0f )^* h]7 c;f/df ;DkGg #=!=^ ;dGjo j}7s @)^& >fj0fdf ;DkGg #=!=& s[ifs cGtlqmof sfo{zfnf uf]i7L )^& kmfNu'0fdf ;DkGg #=!=* s[ifs lbjz / ;fj{hlgs kl/If0f )^* r}qdf ;DkGg #=!=( clGtd k|ltj]bg k|sf;g xfn sfd e} /x]sf]

Achievements (also include Findings in case of Research Projects) kfNkf / c3f{vfFrL lhNnfdf u'0f:t/Lo 3f+; v]tL ljp k|jw{gjf6 cfo cfh{g ;lxt ls;fgx?sf] kz'kfng / vfB ;'/Iffjf6 ul/jL Go"lgs/0f kl/of]hgf jf6 xfn ;Dd ePsf pknlJw lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ .

• lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nojf6 sfof{qmddf ;xof]u ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . • uflj;x?n] klg 3fF; ljsf; / jfv|fkfng ;fy} ufO{ e};Lsfnflu uflj;sf] jh]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . • ;fd'bflos jg / ljBfnosf] hUufdf ;d]t 3fF;sf] ljp j[l4sfnflu sfo{qmd s[ifsx?n] u/]sf 5g\ . • s[ifsx?n] kfNkf / c3f{vfFrLdf @ j6f ;xsf/L lgdf{0f u/L 3fF; ljp ljsf;sfnflu ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 x'g] sfd

u/]sf 5g\ . • sfo{qmdsf] kq klqsf ;fy} ;+rf/ dfWodx?df k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] 5 . • dlxnf s[ifsx?n] 3'lDtsf]ifjf6 cfo cfh{gsf sfd lg/Gt/ ?kdf ;+rfng u/]sf 5g\ .


Project Title: Scaling up of Sustainable Soil Management Technologies for

Improving Livelihoods of Resource Poor Farmers in Hills Project No: PP. 619 /2008/09 Project Coordinator: Dr. Ek Mohan Bhattarai Address: Regional Agricultural Research Station,

Lumle, Kaski P.O.Box: 1 Pokhara, Nepal Telephone: CDMA: 061-622174, Mobile: 9746024828, 9856020787 Fax: 061-522653Email: [email protected] Collaborating organizations: • District Agriculture Development Office, Tanahun

• District Agriculture Development Office, Lamjung, • Agriculture Research Station (Horticulture) Malepatan, Pokhara

Start Date: September 2009 End Date: September 2011 Project Cost: NRS 9,99,810 Location of Project: locations of the project were vegetables growing areas proposed in

different districts were as follows: Tanahun district: Purkot and Bhanu VDC Lamjung district: Chiti , Udipur and Bhotewadar VDC

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Nepal has the highest density of livestock per unit-cultivated area of land in the world (Sharma and Subedi 1994). The main source of manure seems to be from large ruminants such as cattle and buffaloes. Of the total quantity of 49258.6 ton manure produced in the country 28844.1 thousand ton (58.6%) is produced by 6.1 million cattle followed by 37.7% produced by 3.1 million buffaloes while goats, Chauries, mules and ponies, sheep, poultry and pigs are also important animals producing manure for crop cultivation (Sherchan, 1989). Modern farming system based on chemical is not sustainable because of many problems such as loss of nutrient from erosion, surface and ground water pollution from pesticides, fertilizers, and sediment, impending shortage of non renewable resources, and low farm income from high production cost. Traditionally prepared FYM/compost takes six to eight months for well decomposition and nutrient content is also fairly low. The awareness among the farmers about the importance of application of urine is also lacking. Generally, farmers do not turnout the FYM/compost in their traditionally prepared heaps/pits hence it remains less decomposed (Tripathi, 1999).FYM prepared by farmers in open heaps is generally of poor quality not only because nutrients are lost due to volatilization and leaching but also from less decomposition. A study on quality FYM (covered with black plastic sheet) shows 35% of yield increment of maize grain yield by using quality FYM (Tripathi, 2002). Improper management and handling of FYM maximizes nutrient loss. Therefore, preparation and application of quality FYM in the field and its management during collection, decomposition and transportation is of great importance. Subedi et.al (1993) reported that roofed pit had higher nutrients content (3.41%N, 0.42%P and 0.52%K) as compared to open pit (2.28% N, 0.36% P and 0.28% K). Generally, farmers are collecting litters for bedding materials for FYM to increase compost. However they have little knowledge about the quality of the litters, which they collect to be used for manure. There are possibilities of nutrients enrichment of locally available litters or bedding materials through the proper management of FYM and compost. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and evaluate locally available litters and bedding materials with their response on crops.

Project Purpose/Objectives The capacity of the farmers at farm and organizational level to conceptualize the SSM approach scaled up through the proposed FLEs. Quality of FYM /compost and soil fertility and productivity of resource poor farmers increased. Successful completion of this project was expected to benefit all the hill farmers from all strata (both men and women) involved in FYM quality improvement through adoption of SSM technologies of their choices as they would contribute to increased production and income at farm level for reducing


poverty. Women (from all strata), marginal, small-scale and resource-poor farmers of western hills would improve their livelihoods. Beneficiaries Importance of activities for farmers All the farmers living in the villages benefited by alternative technologies to improve the quality of manure by the use of EM and urine. Dalit, Janjati , resources poor farmer can not afford to buy chemical fertilizers to apply in their bari land, so these technologies can be a fruitful alternative to meet the requirement. These activities incorporates women as a farmer, providers of household food security encourage them need assessment, program implementation and monitoring and ultimately creates awareness and makes the owner of the program. The nutritive value of urine is higher than FYM/compost. It can also be used as a bio pesticide. The nitrogen content is doubled in urine than in dung. By the use of one litre of EM, 500 kg compost can be prepared which is called Bokas. Application of EM improves the physical, chemical and biological environment of soil and reduces the incidence of diseases, insect pest and period of decomposition. It improves the microbial activities in soil.

Explicitly support to dalit, women and poor household EM, black polythene sheet and urine collection materials will be provided free of cost at the beginning. Priority will be given to women farmers (60%), Dalit ( 30%) and small , marginalized socially excluded farmers ( DAGs). Contribution to social understanding and peace in the community These activities are environmentally sound and eco-friendly having no negative impact in human health, environment and social aspect. The productivity will be increased by using quality FYM/ compost, getting additional income from vegetables and other crops so that food security, income and livelihood of the community will be improved which helps in peace keeping in some extent.

It also aims at developing a mechanism of reducing the household work of women farmers.. The participatory approach to be used in this project is highly effective in empowering western hills’ DAGs farmers from all strata and especially women and resource-poor farmers to test, identify and adopt quality FYM and vegetables production of their own choice. Thus, they also can participate in other social work as well as watch/listen TV/radio programs. This project promotes farmers’ groups into fresh vegetables entrepreneurship as agribusiness. On one hand, farmers should not spend high price for chemical fertilizer, on the other hand they can generate cash by selling fresh vegetables and other cash crops in higher prices. Thus, the generated cash can be invested on other needs as schooling of children, clothing, buying foods etc. Likewise, small and marginal farmers who can sustain their family for 4 months from grain products; they can sustain at least for 8 months or round the year by selling vegetables. The farmers involved in the project have their important/crucial role during implementation of different activities (experimentation, verification, demonstration, dissemination, production and marketing) of this project. Thus, they will have ownership of the process and results of this project. Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs)

- About 25% nutrient loss would be reduced and nitrogen content in FYM increased by 25% in command area by the end of project.

- More than 25% farmers adopted quality FYM by the end of project in command area. - Use of cattle urine in crop production increased 25% in project area by 2011 - More than 500 farmer trained and aware in SSM technologies by 2011 in project command

VDCs. - Area and production of vegetable increased by 20% in project area by 2011

Up-scaling Pathways Technology generation and dissemination is a regular process in Nepal. But, the rate of uptake of technologies is very low and becoming an issue among the researchers, extension workers and other stakeholders. Considering this fact, the project aims at providing sustainable means to extend the outputs. The project tends to deliver technologies to end-users applying various means of promotion pathways such as through farmer-to farmer, extension workers and publications. For sustainability of the project outputs, sustainable soil


management technologies technologies will be scaled up through the channels between different stakeholders such as vegetables producers, organic fertilizer distributors, terminal markets and storage owners.

The following are the proposed promotion pathways for the uptake of the project outputs: 1. Village level training for farmers with inclusion of small-scale, socially excluded (Dalit) resource poor

and women. 2. Experimentation in farmers’ field (with inclusion of small scale, socially excluded (Dalit) resource poor

and women). 3. Joint monitoring of experimental and demonstration plots by collaborator farmers, leader farmers and

consumers from adjoining VDCs; millers, seed traders and marketing agencies (local and district levels), researchers (Selected project team members, representative from SSMP), extension workers (ADOs, representatives from local INGOs who are working in agriculture sectors, CBOs), media representatives and other line agencies.

4. Farmers' field day celebration 5. Preparation of training materials in Nepali (Brochures and Pamphlets). 6. Stakeholders' workshop (participants as in activity, representative from NARDF, RDA, NARC,). 7. Share ideas in RTWG and RECOM meetings. 8. Share ideas at various seminars and workshops. 9. Publicity through local and national newspapers. 10. Publicity through electronic media (TV, Radio Local FM etc.). 11. Participation of researchers in agricultural development committees meetings organized by DADOs and

local NGOs. 12. Participation of researchers in field visits programs and staff meetings organized by DADOs and NGOs

with the aim of disseminating the promising technology. 13. Frequent personal contact with stakeholders. 14. Participation of researchers in different activities organized by partner organizations.

Once the farmers were convinced from the beneficial effects of the technology and market linkage and networking is established, it is not only sustained, but also disseminated from one place to another when the project support is withdrawn. Synopsis of Project Status Targeted Outputs:

Output.1 Effect of EM on quality FYM/compost production technologies demonstrated and scaled up 300 farmers applied EM in FYM (Purkot ,Bhanu, Chiti, Udipur and Bhotewadar VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung district) reflected in Project completion report, technical papers, and data records at the end of the project. The mid-term verification can be done through annual report, working papers, trimester reports and others.

Output.2 Farmers made urine collection tank and applied collected urine in FYM to improve FYM quality 100 farmers made urine collection tank and apply collected urine in FYM (in 5 VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung). Response of Urine soaked FYM compared with non soaked FYM in vegetables crops. Effect of urine application on quality FYM/compost production technologies demonstrated. These entire indicators verified through annual reports, Project completion report, and technical papers. The supporting documents would be training report and other periodicals.

Output 3: Quality of FYM/compost improved covering with black polythene sheet More than 275 farmers covered FYM/compost heap or pit (in 5 VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung). Response of covered FYM compared with non-covered FYM in vegetables crops.

Output 4: Technical skills and organizational capacity of farmers built up on SSM • 300 farmers trained on use of EM to improve FYM/compost quality. • 100 farmers trained on urine collection and quality FYM production. • 200 farmers trained on cultivation of vegetables legumes in their cropping patterns.



Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1: Site selection and farmers' group formation

Five VDCs/Site , farmers group and farmers were selected to implement different activities.

Completed

1.2Verification and demonstration of EM technology

Altogether 300 farmers of five VDCs (Bhanu, Purkot, Bhotewadar, Udipur and Chiti) were applied EM in FYM. The demonstrations were in newly release varieties of vegetables (Cauliflower or cabbage or potato according to farmer choice).

Completed

1.3 Construction of Urine collection tanks and demonstrate the effect on FYM/compost quality

Altogether 102 farmers were made urine collection tank and applied collected urine in FYM in 5 VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung. Response of Urine soaked FYM is compare with non soaked FYM in vegetables crops.

Completed

1.4 Effect of covering FYM/compost with black polythene sheet during production on FYM quality

More than 300 farmers were selected and covered FYM/compost heap or pit in 5 VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung. Response of covered FYM was compared with non-covered FYM in vegetables crops.

Completed

1.5 Promotion of including Vegetables legumes

For the verification and promotion vegetables legumes more than 20 diamond trails were conducted. Altogether 150 farmers received the improved varieties of different legumes.

Completed

2.1: On farm farmers training on quality FYM and low cost proven technologies

Training on IPNMS and IPM were organized at 5 sites of the project. Altogether 288 farmers were participated in training. While selecting the farmers, priority was given to women farmers, Dalit and small, marginalized socially excluded farmers. The focus of the training was concentrated on IPNMS and IPM on vegetables farming.

Completed

2.2: Farmers' field day celebration

One-day farmers’ field day celebration was organized in each site/VDC where all the farmers including ADO or representative from respective districts, field technicians from DADO at respective sites, concerning organization were participated. Altogether 272 farmers were participated in farmer's field day.

Completed

2.3:Publicity for wider dissemination

Leaflets (500), Booklets in Nepali (200) Project completion report (50) and technical report and papers for workshop and seminars was prepared in the second year of the project.

Completed

2.4:Organize village level workshop for familiarization of project concept and outputs

One-day village level workshop was organized in each site/ district of project command area for familiarization of project concept. Women farmers, dalit and janjati were encouraged to participate in the workshop.

Completed

2.5: Stakeholder workshop

A one-day stockholder's workshop was organized to share the ideas and experiences, and promote and disseminate project findings to larger areas to bring larger impacts on organic coffee farming technologies and sustainable soil management. 20-30 leader farmers were invited from the districts. All the stakeholders, leader farmers, researchers, ADOs, representatives from DOA, RDA, vegetable entrepreneurs, NARC, and media personnel was participated in the workshop.

Completed


Altogether300 farmers were applied EM in FYM to improve quality in 5 VDCs of Lamjung and Tanahu. Farmers compared the quality F YM treated with EM and not treated (traditional) FYM in


vegetable crops. They preferred the response of EM treated FYM on vegetable crops. Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content in EM treated FYM was found 1.80%, 0.36% and 2.0% against 1.40%, 0.34% and 1.6% respectively in FYM without EM (farmers' practice).

Altogether 102 farmers were made urine collection tank and start to apply collected urine in FYM in 5 VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung. Response of Urine soaked FYM is compare with non soaked FYM in vegetables crops. They preferred the response of urine soaked FYM on vegetables. Urine soaked FYM was rich in nitrogen and potassium content. Urine application mixing with water or extract of botanicals (Pati, Khiro, Ketuki and locally available) in the ratio of 1:4 after 10-12 days of collection was found effective in vegetables.

300 farmers were selected and covered FYM/compost heap or pit in 5 VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung. Response of covered FYM was compared with non-covered FYM in vegetables crops. The nutrient content of plastic covered FYM is higher than not covered FYM. Farmers also preferred this easy to learn technology. It was found 1.65%, 0.40% and 2.4%(NPK) against 1.25%, 0.37% and 2.0% respectively in FYM without covering (farmers' practice).

For the verification and promotion vegetables legumes 30 diamond trails as well as large plot demonstration were conducted. Altogether 150 farmers were selected. Farmers preferred the Chaumase bean and Bindyabasini Cowpea.

Training on IPNMS and IPM were organized at 5 sites of the project. At each site, 25-35 farmers were participated in training. While selecting the farmers, priority was given to women farmers, Dalit and small, marginalized socially excluded farmers. The focus of the training was concentrated on IPNMS and IPM on vegetables farming.

One-day farmers’ field day celebration was organized in each site/VDC where all the farmers including 300 farmers were selected and covered FYM/compost heap or pit in 5 VDCs of Tanahun and Lamjung. Response of covered FYM was compared with non-covered FYM in vegetables crops ADO or representative from respective districts, field technicians from DADO at respective sites, concerning organization were participated

Leaflets (500) titled " Gothe Mal Sudhar,EM ra Mutra ko Prayog", Booklets(200) titled " Digo Bhubesthapan Mukhi Tarkari Kheti" , Project completion report (50) and technical report and papers for workshop and seminars was prepared in the second year of the project.

Village level workshop was organized in each site/ district of project command area for familiarization of project concept. Women farmers, dalit and janjati were participated in the workshop. The problem faced by farmers of project location was recorded.

Stakeholder's workshop was organized in Besisahar, Lanjung to share the ideas and experiences, and promote and disseminate project findings to larger areas to bring larger impacts on organic coffee farming technologies and sustainable soil management. 20-30 leader farmers were invited from the districts. All the stakeholders, leader farmers, researchers, ADOs, representatives from DOA, RDA, vegetable entrepreneurs, NARC, and media personnel was participated in the workshop. ADOs of Lamjung and Tanahu district committed to further strengthen the SSM technologies in their respected district.


Project Title: Development of Agricultural Entrepreneurship among Rural

Youth for Self-employment in Nuwakot. Project No: PP No.620/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Mr. Jagannath Adhikari Address: 398 Chetana Marg, Tahachal, Kathmandu Telephone: 977-1-4271867, 4273792 Fax: x x x Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: DADO, Nuwakot and Khanikhola Agriculture Cooperative, Okharpauwa, Nuwakot Start Date: July 2009 End Date: June 2012 Project Cost: NRs. 17,86,813 Location of Project: Okharpauwa and Kakani VDCs of Nuwakot District.

Background Agriculture is the main source of livelihoods for about two-third of the economically active population and contributes to about one-third to GDP in the recent years. Majority of the population are facing challenges and threats posed by food insecurity, socio-economic insecurity and lack of livelihood earning options. During ten years conflict period almost all youths of rural areas are affected. Thousands of youths from each district left the country in search of employment to support their families. As a result the agricultural development suffered badly and the land productivity reduced significantly. At this stage, the constitutional development is one aspect of focus and the other is economic revolution. Generation of employment for rural youths by adopting cooperative or community cared farming system has been one of the priorities of the government. The transformation of smallholders from subsistence agriculture to small scale commercial agricultural production of high value commodities, development of sustainable agricultural entrepreneurship and marketing network is one of the main agendas of new government of Federal Republic of New Nepal. This project has focused the youths, especially young women together with other members of their family to generate and increase household income by commercial production of offseason vegetables and spices by developing strong cooperative marketing network activities. The unemployed local youths had no or less knowledge and technical skills in commercial agriculture. The traditional rice, maize and millet production system is being replaced by more productive and highly valued offseason vegetable and spices production. The sites are fertile with ideal climatic conditions for growing cash crops and other vegetation which can be supplied to the residents in the valley throughout the year. The locations also have abundant supply of water and electricity facility, and access to market connected to Kathmandu to sell produced produce. The project beneficiaries and the whole communities are being empowered and developed their capacity in producing and marketing of offseason vegetables. Besides these, women leadership has been developed, and all farmers groups and cooperative are led by women. Among offseason vegetable crops, tomato (Shreejana cultivar) production is very popular. 533 unemployed youths (420 stated in the OVI) started small scale commercialization of agriculture, 310 youths (68% women) developed capacity and are linked with market network, 20 local resource persons are developed and they are actively providing services to other famers. In an average, each household have increased their annual income by Rs. 40,000, which is full employment of one family member for six months of the year. In addition to this income, they are also consuming vegetable fresh from the garden worth Rs.12000 at home. Out of 10 farmers groups with more than 250 beneficiary farmers, 6 groups are registered at DADO, 4 groups are in registration process, one cooperative named Khanikhola Small Farmers Agriculture Cooperative in Okharpauwa has been promoted and another cooperative is in registration process. Initial motivation process was long due to low or no education and financial hardship situation of the beneficiaries. Risk factors were the diseases and pest in the vegetables, and weather. The project will complete by the end of June. It is suggested to develop and implement the post project activities such as exploring the opportunity on learning and sharing of experiences for up scaling and replication of the program, documentation and publicity of learned experiences, linkage for credit facility, crop insurance with Agriculture Development Bank, credit facility, risk management and climate change adaption.


Project Purpose/Objectives Goal Improve livelihood of subsistence farm families of rural areas by creating self-employment opportunities Purpose Create self-employment opportunity to the unemployed rural youths through the development of vegetable and spice-based enterprises in the peri-urban areas of Kathmandu. Objectives 1. Mobilize the rural youths of subsistence farm families into economic development by enterprise

development activities. 2. Transform the land from a current low to high productivity by producing highly valued vegetables,

spices and condiment crops (especially ginger and turmeric) by managing land properly. 3. Bridge a strong link between producer and consumer by developing marketing network facilities. 4. Develop a resource centre of high-value vegetables and spices in the area.

Beneficiaries The program is targeted to the unemployed youths from resource poor marginalized families of the proposed location. However, youths and women from disadvantaged ethnic Tamang and Dalit families within the community were given opportunity to gain knowledge, technical skills and receive services from the project for empowering them and actively participate in the project activities. 250 poorest families in the communities of two VDCs were selected as project beneficiaries by conducting baseline/household survey. Capacity development training was provided to all the beneficiary households. Priority was given on seasonal and offseason vegetable and spices production as an income generation opportunity for the households. Likewise, the project households developed as a professional cooperative farm resource centre for nursery management, seedling distribution, production and storage of highly valued market demanded vegetables and spices.

This project developed a model suitable for transforming the subsistence agriculture to small scale commercialization, where unemployed youths get an opportunity to convert their energy and skills in producing highly priced agricultural commodity resulting to economic development. The coordinated cooperative marketing network guarantees the market of the produced output. The cooperative marketing system has avoided the hassle of middle men benefiting in between. The woman, children and all members of the households involved in the program got opportunities for better nutrition and health facilities. Increased household income motivated parents to invest on their children’s better education. The households have been empowered from the project, especially from gained knowledge, technical skills and practices, and from increased income which has contributed to improve the living standard of the household and then to the national economy.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Within the Project period,

• 240 households in the project areas are fully involved in the production of fresh vegetables and spices • Farmers Groups (FGs) will be transformed into Cooperatives in the project areas, 2 cooperatives formed. • At least 50% of the beneficiary households have started commercial trading of fresh vegetables and spices. • At least 100 households from other areas of the project district found to demand for similar project intervention.

Up-scaling Pathways 1. Develop and implement the post project activities such as exploring the opportunity on learning and

sharing of experiences for upscaling and replication of the program. 2. Documentation and publicity of learned experiences, linkage for credit facility, crop insurance with

Agriculture Development Bank, credit facility, risk management and climate change adaption. 3. Replication of the model to other VDCs or districts by including in governments regular program and

other stakeholder’s program.


Synopsis of Project Status The project is in the third trimester of third year and will be ending from July, 2012. All the stated activities in the proposal are implemented and results are achieved, except some final wrap up work for the resource persons and preparation of final report. The key achievements of this project are: (i) 533 unemployed youths (OVI 420) started small scale commercialization of agriculture, receiving average annual income of Rs 45000/hh (ii) 310 youths (68% women) developed capacity and are linked with market network (iii) Each household using 1-5 ropanis of land for cultivation of offseason vegetables commercially (iv) More than 300 HHs have demanded the project (v) 12 Local resource person (LRP) are developed and other 10 LRPs are being developed. There was higher involvement of young women and men in production and marketing of vegetables and spices value chain and strong network between producers and traders is established, and planning and marketing committee has been formed. Additional activities on forward and backward marketing linkages with appropriate stakeholders, climate change adaptation, agriculture water use, health, nutrition and sanitation were implemented and promoted. In this project, integrated solution approach is practiced to scale up agriculture productivity including improved technology and agriculture innovation, reducing risk and vulnerability, agribusiness and environmental sustainability.

Six farmers groups have been registered, four groups’ registration process is in progress. One cooperative with 165 members is promoted, has office, and growing actively. Another cooperative is in registration process. A local level alliance has been formed between PWEDO, DADO, Khanikhola Small Farmers Agriculture Cooperative and Sikni Youth Club of Okharpauwa for the access to technical support. The constraints were long initial motivation process, financial hardship situation, diseases and pest and weather problem. Credit facility, crop insurance, romotion of online sale of vegetables, fruits, spices, and replication and up-scaling of such model to other areas would to empower the initiative.

Targeted Outputs

4. Expected number of beneficiaries fully involved in the production and marketing of fresh vegetables, spices and condiments in the project areas.

5. Marketing linkages between the producers and traders established. 6. Level of self-employment and income of the youths in the project areas increased. 7. Process of transforming the groups of the vegetable and spices into Cooperative (s) initiated. 8. Youth groups will be self-empowered and develop their life discipline in contributing constructively for

the good of community and the country.


Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Baseline/bench mark survey Completed 1.2 Organize the vegetable growers into small

homogenous groups, strengthen the existing groups Completed Took longer

initially 1.3 Organize appropriate orientation/ training on group

dynamics & technical Training Completed

1.4 Delivery of technical inputs & supports Completed 1.5 Farmers’ exchange field visits Completed 2.1 Orient/train the groups on Cooperatives Completed 2.2 Assist the groups in the process of establishing the

Cooperatives Completed

2.3 Establish coordination between the project beneficiaries & district/VDCs

Completed

3.1 Gross margin Analysis of Vegetables In progress 3.2 Value Chain Analysis Completed 3.3 Marketing arrangements (linkages) between

producers and the traders Completed Ongoing


3.4 Market visits Completed 4.1 Development of Local Resource Persons In progress 4.2 Materials Supply Completed 4.3 Effect / Impact Assessments Completed 4.4 Dissemination workshop Completed 4.5 Publication of leaflets and booklets Completed 4.6 Final Report Preparation In progress Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) 1. Six farmers’ groups registered four in registration process, one women led cooperative promoted and other

one cooperative is in registration process. 2. Among all beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers, 68% are women and they are mostly group or

cooperative leaders and their decision making power have increased. 3. 533 unemployed youths started small scale commercialization of agriculture in at least 533 ropanis of land

and their average annual income increased by NRs. 45,000. 4. 325 households improved manuring process and using manure in the farm 5. 22 local resource persons including traders are developed. 6. Wide network between producers, traders and other technical and financial service providers established. 7. Integrated solution approach has been practiced for livelihood improvement and sustainability of the

project activities.


Project Title: u|fld0f s[ifsx?sf s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] ahf/;Dd kx'Fr j[l4sf nflu

s'lif jhf/sf] ;+hfn ljsf; .Project No: 621/2008/9 Project Coordinator: Rajendra Kadariya Address: Handighaun, Kathmandu-5 Telephone: 01-6912072, 9842751502 Fax: Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Agriculture Development Office, Pyuthan and Kalika

Development Centre, Pyuthan Start Date: July 2009 End Date: June 2012 Project Cost: 2,916,005.68 Location of Project: Pyuthan District

PROJECT SUMMARY Background o; Ko"7fg lhNnfdf ljut s]lx jif{b]lv lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, bL3{sflng s[lif of]hgf ;xof]u sfo{s|d / lhNnf l:yt cGo ljleGg ;xof]lu lgsfox?sf] ;s[otfdf s[ifsx?n] cfˆgf] s[lifhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4 ub}{ u}/x]sf 5g\ . ljut rf/ jif{b]lv lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no dfk{mt bL3{sflng s'lif of]hgf ;xof]u sfo{s|d / ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]ifn] :yflgo u}x| ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? / s[ifs ;d'xx? dfk{mt ;+rfng u/]sf cfo cfh{gsf sfo{s|dx?n] s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?nfO{ lg/Gt/ a[l4 ub}{ nlu/x]sf] 5 . pTkfbgsf] a[l4;Fu} b]lvPsf] ahf/ JofjZyfkgsf] ;d:ofnfO{ s]xL dfqfdf ePklg ;xof]u k'–ofpg lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf] cu'jfOdf bL3{sflng s[lif of]hgf ;xof]u sfo{s|d / :yflgo ;fe]mbf/L ;+:yfx? sflnsf ljsf; s]Gb| / k"mnaf/L Plss[t u|fld0f ljsf; ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf lhNnfsf] Jofkfl/s s]Gb| jfUb'nfdf Ps s[lifhGo ;+sng tyf las|L s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/ ;+rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 . ljut rf/ jif{af6 o; lhNnfdf s[lifhGo pTkfbg / ahf/ JofjZyfkgdf ;xof]u k'–ofpb} cfPsf] bL3{sflng s[lif of]hgf ;xof]u sfo{s|dsf] ;do cjwL oxL December 2008 af6 ;lsPsf]n] o; lhNnfsf] s[lif pTkfbgnfO{ JojlZyt ug{ s[lif ahf/ ;+hfnsf] ljsf; ug{ yk ;xof]usf] cfjZostf b]lvG5 . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf] kxndf oxL jif{af6 sfo{s|d ;+rfng u/]sf] GTZ sf] PASRA (Poverty Alleviation at Selected Rural Area) sfo{s|dn] klg cfˆgf] ks]6If]qx?df s[lifhGo ahf/ ljsf;sf] sfo{s|d NofPsf] 5 . pQm sfo{s|d;Fu ;fe]mbf/L ul/ o; lhNnfdf s[lifhGo ahf/ ;+hfnsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgfx? /x]sf 5g\ . o;}ul/ ahf/ ljsf;sf] If]qdf ;+nUg e} s]xL ;kmntf kfO;s]sf :yflgo u}x| ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;xsfo{ o; k|Ztfjsf] csf]{ ;jn kIf /x]sf] 5 . afUb'nfsf] s[lifhGo ;+sng tyf las|L s]Gb|af6 pT;flxt eP/ b]lj:yfg / a88fF8fsf s[ifsx?n] cfˆg} kxndf ;fgf] :t/df ;+sng s]Gb|x? ;+rfng ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] pT;fxnfO{ ;xof]u ub}{ pQm :yfgx?df Jojl:yt ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] :yfkgf / pQm ;+sng s]Gb|x?nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 u/fO{ JojlZyt ?kdf s[lif pkh ;+sng ;xsf/Lx? :yfkgf ug{ ;lsG5 . o;/L :yflkt ;xsf/Lx?sf] lhNnf :t/Lo ;+hfn ljsf; ul/ s[ifsx?sf] pTkfbgnfO{ JojlZyt ahf/ :yfkgf ug'{ o; sfo{s|dsf] pWo]Zo /x]sf] 5 . Project Purpose/Objectives

lbuf] / k|efjsf/L s[lifhGo ahf/ ;+hfnsf] ljsf; ul/ k/Dk/fut lgjf{xd'vL s[lif k|0ffnLdf ;+nUg s[ifsx?nfO{ cfw'lgs Jofj;fod'vL s'lif k|0ffnL tk{m pGd'v u/fO{ s'ifsx?sf] lhjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg' o; sfo{s|dsf' d'Vo nIf /x]sf] 5 . sfo{s|dsf pB]Zox? lgDg k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ .

• s[ifsx?4f/f pTkflbt s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] ahf/ ;'lglZrt ug'{ . • s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] ahf/ d"No lgwf{/0fdf :yflgo Jofkf/Lx?df /x]sf] Psflwsf/nfO{ cGTo ug'{ . • :yflgo s[ifsx?sf] JojZyfklso Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug'{ . • Jofj;flos s[lif k|0ffnL tk{m s'ifsx?nfO{ cfslif{t ug'{ . • a]df};dL t/sf/L pTkfbgdf a[l4 ul/ s[ifsx?sf] cfo cfh{gdf a[l4 ug'{ .s[lif If]qdf Jofj;flostfsf] ljsf;

ul/ sfo{s|ddf ;+nUg s[ifsx?sf] cfo cfh{gdf a[l4 ug'{ .


Beneficiaries o; sfo{s|daf6 ^)) 3/3'/Lsf s[ifsx? k|tIo ?kdf nfjflGjt x'g] 5g\ . $ j6f ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 ^)) ;b:ox? -! ;xsf/Ldf !%) ;b:o_ o; sfo{s|dsf k|tIo nfjflGjt dflgg] 5g\ . ;xsf/L lgdf{0fsf] z'?sf] r/0faf6 g} ;xsf/L JofjZyfkgnfO{ slDtdf %)Ü dlxnf ;b:ox? clgjfo{ agfpg hfu?k u/fO{g] 5 . sfo{s|ddf clt ul/j, blnt / hghfltx?sf] a9L ;xeflu u/fpg z]o/ d"No sd /fvL pQm ju{nfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] z]o/ vl/b ul/ ;xsf/L ;b:o aGg pTk|]l/t ul/g] 5 . k|ltkmn (Output) % sf] s[ifsx?sf] Jofj;flos Ifdtf ljsf; cGtu{t ;+rfng ul/g] sfo{s|ddf @%) hgf clt ul/a, blnt / hghfltx? ;d]l6g] 5g\ . pQm @%) dWo] dlxnf ;xeflutf %) k|ltzt clgjfo{ ul/g] 5 . ks]t If]qsf clt ul/a / xfn ;Dd s[lif If]qsf] nfe lngaf6 alGrt !@) eGbf al9 ;b:ox?nfO{ ;d]l6g] ul/ @) j6f Knfli6s kf]v/Lsf] lgdf{0f ul/g] 5 . sfo{s|ddf k|tIo ?kdf ;+nUg ^)) ;b:ox?afx]s o; Ko"7fg lhNnfsf ;Dk"0f{ s[ifsx?sf nflu lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgx?df :yflkt s[lifhGo ;fdflu| ;+sng s]Gb|x? Pp6f /fd|f] cjz/sf] ?kdf /xg] 5g\ . ;a} ju{ / txsf s[ifsx?n] pQm ;+sng s]Gb|x?n] >[hgf u/]sf cjz/x?nfO{ pkof]u ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o; sfo{s|dsf k|tIo nfjflGjtstf{ -k|tIo input kfpg] ju{_ blnt, hghflt, dlxnf / clt ul/j ;d'bfox? Dffq /xg] 5g\ . Knfli6s kf]v/L, s[lif ;+DjlGw tflndx?, s[lif cf}hf/ / ljpljhgx? k|tIo input cGtu{t kb{5g\ . oL s[lif ;fdfu|Lx? lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no4f/f t/sf/L ks]6 If]qsf] ?kdf tf]lsPsf lt/fd, dsf{afË, 9'+u]u9L / x+zk'/sf 5gf}6 ul/Psf s[ifsx?nfO{ dfq pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) sfo{s|dsf ljleGg glthf cg';f/ glthfx?sf ;'rsx? klg km/s km/s /x]sf 5g\ . glthf ! M xfn Ko"7fgsf] afUb'nfdf Ps j6f s[lif ;+sng tyf lals| s]Gb| ;+rflnt 5 eg] a88f+8fdf lgdf{0f ePsf] csf]{ ;+sng tyf lals| s]Gb| JojZyfkgsf] cefjdf ;+rfngdf cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . o;}ul/ lhNnfsf c? @ :yfg b]lj:yfg / dlR5df s[ifsx? cfk}mn] ;fgf] :t/df t/sf/Lx? ;+sng ul/ lals| ug]{ kxn ul//x]sf 5g\ . sfo{s|dsf] ;xof]u kZrftM lhNnfdf @ j6f gofF ;+sng tyf lals| s]Gb|x? :yfkgf x'g]5 eg] :yfkgf ePsf @ j6f cem JojlZyt ?kdf ;+rflnt ePsf x'g]5g\ . glthf @ M s[lif pkh ;+sng tyf lals| s]Gb|x?nfO{ JojlZyt ?kdf ;+rfng ug{ / pQm s]Gb|x?df ;Dk"0f{ s[ifsx?sf] kx'Fr a[l4 ug{ rf/ j6f g} ;+sng tyf lals| s]Gb|x?nfO{ s[lif ahf/ JojZyfkg ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 ul/g] 5 . rf/ ks]6 If]qx? -dlR5, afUb'nf, b]lj:yfg / a88f+8f_ sf ^)) eGbf a9L ;b:ox? oL ;xsf/Lx?sf z]o/ ;b:ox? /xg] 5g\ . ;xsf/Lsf] %)% eGbf a9L z]o/ dlxnf ;b:ox?sf nflu ljt/0f ug]{ JofjZyf ul/g] 5 . z]o/ d"Nodf sd ul/ clt ul/a ju{sf] kx'Fr klg ;xsf/Ldf a[l4 ul/g] 5 . glthf # M JojZyfkg kIf s'g} klg sfo{s|dsf] ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] . plrt JojZyfkgsf] cefjdf ;+rfng x'g g;s]sf] a88f+8f s[lifhGo ;+sng s]Gb| lhNnf leq}sf] Pp6f p4fx/0f xf] . To;}n] ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;kmn ?kdf ;+rfng ug{ JojZyfkg kIfnfO{ a9L dxTj lbO{Psf] 5 . o; cGtu{t $ j6} ;xsf/Lx?af6 slDtdf %) hgf s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xsf/L JofjZyfkg tflnd k|bfg ul/g] 5 . ;xeflux? dWo] cfwf clgjfo{ dlxnf /xg] 5g\ . ljleGg k|sf/sf e|d0f / cg'ej cfbfg k|bfgaf6 ;xsf/L ;+rfnsx?n] s[lif ;xsf/L ;+rfngsf cGo Jofjxfl/ s'/cx?klg hfGg] cjz/ k|fKt ug]{ 5g\ . glthf $ M s[lif ;xsf/Lx?sf] ;+hfn ljsf; ug{ ;'rgfsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] x'G5 . s[lif ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ lhNnf leq / lhNnf aflx/ /x]sf s[lif yf]s / v'b|f s]Gb|x?sf] ahf/ d"No yfxf kfpg / cfk"mn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ahf/ d"No cGo 7fpF;Dd k|;f/0f ug{ k|To]s ;xsf/Lx?df ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/g] 5 . $ j6f ;'rgf s]Gb|x? :yfkgf ug{ :yflgo :t/df k|fKt ;+rf/ dfWodx?sf] k|of]u ul/g] 5 . o;}ul/ lhNnf leq /x]sf] s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] ahf/ d"No -;xsf/Lx?sf] lhNnf :t/Lo ;+hfnn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd_ k|To]s lbg :yflgo FM x?af6 k|;f/0f ul/g] 5 . glthf % M s[lif ;xsf/Lx?df lgoldt ?kdf s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] cfk"lt{ ug{sf nflu ks]6 If]q leqsf blnt, hghflt, dlxnf tyf clt ljkGg ju{sf @%) hgf s[ifsx?nfO{ Ifdtf clea[l4 tflnd k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @% hgfsf] !) j6f ;d'xnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] # lbg] of] tflnd s[ifsx?sf] ljifout cfjZostf cg';f/ k|bfg ul/g] 5 . glthf ^ M ;xeflu s[ifsx?sf] pTkfbg / cfodf a[l4 ug{ glthf % df pNn]lvt @% j6f s[ifs ;d'xx?df @) j6f Knfli6s kf]v/Lsf] lgdf{0f ul/g] 5 . @) j6f kf]v/Lx?af6 slDtdf klg !@) hgf s[ifsx?n] l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k|fKt ug]{ 5g\ . xfn aflif{s ?kdf ! j6f ;+sng s]Gb|df ;+slnt !*$ 6g t/sf/L a[l4 e} sfo{s|dsf] cGTo;Dddf $ j6f ;+sng s]Gb|x?df aflif{s %)) 6g eGbf a9L ePsf] x'g]5 . glthf & M sfo{s|dsf] ljrdf / cGTodf ul/ hDdf @ k6s hgn]vf kl/If0f ul/g] 5 . * j6f rf}dfl;s k|ltj]bg, @ j6f jflif{s k|ltj]bg, ! j6f sfo{;DkGg k|ltj]bg, @) k|lt k|fljlws k|ltj]bg / ! j6f ;kmntfsf syfx? k|sflzt ul/g] 5 ;fy} ! j6f >Job[io tof/ x'g] 5 .


Up-scaling Pathways s[lifhGo ahf/ ljsf; sfo{s|dsf] klxnf] nfjflGet ju{ s[ifsx?g} x'g\ . ;+sng s]Gb|x? ;Dd s[ifsx?sf] kx'Fr k'Ugfn] s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] d'No lgwf{/0fdf middle man x?sf] e"ldsf Go"g x'g hfG5 / s[ifsx?n] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] plrt d"No k|fKt ug]{ 5g\ . :yflgo ?kdf ahf/ ;+hfnx?sf] ljsf; g} g]kfndf lbuf] s[lif pTkfbgsf k|d'v cfwf/x? /xb} cfPsf 5g\ . sfo{s|dn] lhNnf leqsf laleGg ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] JofjZyfklso Ifdtf ljsf; ul/ s]Gb| cfˆg} cfly{s / cGo JojZyfklso kIfx?df ;jn x'g ;xof]u k'–ofpg] 5 . lbuf] ?kdf ;+sng tyf ahf/ s]Gb|x?sf] ;+rfng / s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?sf] lg/Gt/ a[l4sf nflu sfo{s|dn] vertical -;xhstf{ b]lv s[ifsx? ;Dd_ / horizontal -s[ifs b]lv s[ifs ;Dd_ sf] promotion pathway nfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ dfg]sf] 5 . lgDg cg';f/s uptake and promotion pathway 4f/f ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] lbuf] ;+rfng ug]{ / sfo{s|dsf] k|ltkmn nfjflGjt ju{ ;Dd k'–ofpg] of]hgf o; sfo{s|dsf] /x]sf] 5 .

;+sng s]Gb|x? / :yflgo ;xhstf{ -lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, :yflgo u}=;=;=, lhNnf leq /x]sf bft[ lgsfo_ x? ljr ;dGjog ul/ sfo{s|dnfO{ yk lg/Gt/ ?kdf ;+rfng ub}{ n}hfg] .

sfo{s|dsf] JofjZyfklso ;xof]usf nflu :yflgo ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yf / k|fljlws ;xof]usf] nflu lh=s[=la=sf= ;Dd s[ifsx?sf] kx'Fr a[l4 ug]{ .

lhNnf leq /x]sf] :yflgo Jofkfl/x? / lhNnf aflx/sf s[lif yf]s ahf/x?;Fu ;dGjo ul/ b'a} If]qx?df ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] kx'Fr a[l4 ug]{ .

s[ifsx?nfO{ lhNnf leq / aflx/ /x]sf cGo ;kmn s[lifhGo ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] e|d0f u/fO{ cg'ejx?sf] cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ .

sfo{s|dsf] yk k|rf/ k|;f/ / lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, :yflgo ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yf / ;+sng s]Gb| ;+rfnsx?nfO{ hjfkmb]xL agfpg] .

sfo{s|dsf ;kmn k|ljlw / k|s[ofx?nfO{ k|sflzt ug]{ .

SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs: Output 1: s[lifhGo ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] :yfkgf M Output 2: s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgf M Output 3: ;xsf/Lx?sf] JofjZyfklso Ifdtfdf ljsf; M Output 4: ;'rgf ;+oGqsf] ljsf; M Output 5: s[ifsx?sf] Jofj;flos Ifdtfdf ljsf; M Output 6 : s[ifsx?sf] pTkfbg / cfodf a[l4 M Output 7 : hgn]vf kl/If0f, k|sfzg -documentation_ / sfo{s|d ;dfkg M


Activities Progress status Remarks !=! lhNnf :tl/o sfo{s|d cled'lvs/0f uf]li6 M ;DkGg ePsf] !=@ nfjflGjt :tl/o sfo{s|d cled'lvs/0f uf]li6 ;DkGg ePsf] !=# ;+sng s]Gb|x? :yfkgf Psj6f lgdf{0f e} ;s]sf] !=$ ;+sng s]Gb| JofjZyfkg tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] !=% ;+sng s]Gb| :yfkgf / ;+rfng ;+DjlGw a}7sx? & j6f a}7sx? ;DkGg ul/Psf] hDdf a}7s * j6f @=! s[lif ;xsf/L ;DjlGw uf]li7 ;DkGg ul/;lsPsf] @=@ s[lif ;xsf/L u7g ;DkGg ul/;lsPsf] @=# s[lif ;xsf/Lx?sf] lhNnf :tl/o ;+hfn lgdf{0f ;+hfn lgdf{0f e} sfo{ z'?

ul/;s]sf]

@=$ ;+hfn lgdf{0f ;DjlGw a}7s * j6f a}7sx? ;DkGg ul/Psf] hDdf a}7s * j6f @=% s[lif ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;xof]u sfo{s|d ;DkGg ul/Psf] @=^ s[lif ;xsf/Lx? btf{ $ j6f btf{ e} ;s]sf] #=! clen]v JofjZyfkg tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] #=@ s[lif ahf/ cWoog e|d0f ;DkGg ul/;lsPsf]


#=# ;xsf/L JofjZyfkg tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] #=$ n]vf JofjZyfkg tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] #=% ;xsf/L JofjZyfkg ;DjlGw a}7sx? & j6f a}7sx? ;DkGg ul/Psf] hDdf a}7s * j6f $=! ;'rgf ;+oGqsf] :yfkgf

$ :yfgdf ul/;lsPsf]

$=@ ahf/ d"Nosf] k|;f/0f lgoldt k|;f/0f z'? e} ;s]sf] $=# ;'rgf s]Gb| :yfkgf / ;+rfng ;+jlGw a}7s

;+rfng ^ j6f a}7sx? ;DkGg ul/Psf] hDdf a}7s * j6f

%= a]df};dL t/sf/L pTkfbg tflnd % j6f s[ifs tflnd ;DkGg ul/Psf]

hDdf tflnd !) j6f

^=! s[ifsx?sf nflu s[lif ;fdflu|x?sf] ;xof]u !) j6f :k|]o/x? / ljpljhgx? s[ifsx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] hiDdf !) s[ifs ;d'xx?df

;DkGg e} ;s]sf]

^=@ Knfl6s kf]v/Lx?sf] lgdf{0f @) j6f lgdf{0f e} ;s]sf] hDdf @) j6f &=!_ ;fj{hlgs n]vf kl/If0f ! ;DkGg ePsf] ! sfo{s|dsf]

cGTodf ul/g] &=@_ k|ltj]bgx? k|sfzg & j6f rf}dfl;s k|ltj]bgx? / @

j6f jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf]

&=#_ >Job[io k|sfzg ;DkGg ePsf sfo{s|dsf] cGTodf &=$_ sfo{s|d ;dfkg uf]li6 sfo{s|dsf] cGTodf *=!_ sfo{s|dsf] ;+o"Qm cg'udg sfo{s|dsf] cGTodf


@) j6f Knfli6s kf]v/Lx?sf] lgdf{0f e} s[ifsx?n] t/sf/L pTkfbg z'? e};s]sf] . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no / :yflgo u}=;=;= x?sf] ;xof]udf ljleGg :fft :yfgdf s[ifsx?4f/f s[lif pkh ;+sng s]Gb|x? ;+rfng .

5 j6f s[lif pkh ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] lhNnf :tl/o ;+hfn lgdf{0f e} 5nkmnsf] z'?jft ePsf] . @%) hgf s[ifsx?n] # lbg] s[lif tflnd k|fKt ul/;s]sf . :yflgo # j6} FM x?af6 lgoldt ?kdf ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] d'No ;'rL k|;f/0f lgoldt ?kdf z'? ul/Psf] . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, lh=l6=h]8=, ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]if, cfo cfh{sf nflu lzIff sfo{s|d, :yflgo u}=;=;=x? / NARDF sf] ;+o"Qm kxndf s[lif pkh ;+sng s]Gb|x?sf] ef}lts ;'wf/df sfo{x? ;+rfng ePsf .

s[lif ;xsf/L :yfkgf ;+jlGw $ lbg] tflnd @! hgfnfO{ k|bfg ul/;lsPsf] 5 . n]vf tyf clen]v JofjZyfkg tflnd ;DkGg ul/;lsPsf] . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf] kxndf ljleGg ^ j6f s[lifhGo pTkfbg ;+sng s]Gb|x?, Ps j6f xf6ahf/ / s[ifs k|ltlglwx? /x]sf] Ps !! ;b:oLo lhNnf :tl/o s[lif jhf/ ;+hfnsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 .

!) j6f s[ifs ;d'xx?n] :k|]o/ / ljleGg t/sf/Lsf ljpljhgx? k|fKt ul/;s]sf 5g\ .


cfof]hgfsf] zLif{s æu'0f:t/Lo aLpsf] ;j{;'ne cfk"lt{sf nflu aLp a+}s sfo{qmdÆ slknj:t' cfof]hgf g+= PP No. 622/2008/09cfof]hgf ;+of]hs ljZj rGb| kf]v/]n 7]ufgf u|fld0f s[lif tyf kz' ljsf; ;+:yf–g]kfn -/f8f] g]kfn_

slknj:t' gu/kflnsf–%, slknj:t' 6]lnkmf]g )&^ %^)^@%, (*$&)^@%#! Od]n [email protected] , [email protected] ;xof]uL ;+:yf !_ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, slknj:t'

@_ n'lDjgL ;fdflhs ljsf; s]Gb|, slknj:t' #_ If]qLo jLp ljhg k|of]uzfnf $_ n'lDjgL jLp jLhg sDklg ln= e}/xjf

cfof]hgf z'? ldlt @)^^ >fj0f cfof]hgf k"/f x'g] ck]lIft ldlt @)^* k'if cfof]hgfsf] nfut cfof]hgfsf] hDdf nfut M– ? @*,%!,!#(=% /f=s[=c=tyf lj=sf]ifsf] of]ubfg M– ? !(,((,**#

/f8f] g]kfnsf]] of]ubfg M– ? !,!%,))) nlIft ;d'bfosf] of]ubfg M– ? %,*^,@%&

cfof]hgf :yn slknj:t' lhNnfsf uh]x8f, lglUnxjf / enjf8 uf=lj=; Project background

slknj:t' lhNnf klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]qsf] k'0f{ ?kdf t/fO{ e'–efun] ;d]l6Psf] lhNnf xf] . o; lhNnfdf hDdf && uf=lj=;= / ! gu/kflnsf 5g\ . o; lhNnfsf] d'Vo k]zf eg]sf] s[lif g} xf] . oxfFsf *% k|ltzt hg;+Vof s[lif k]zfdf lge{/ ePsf] x'gfn] s[lifsf] ljsf; ljgf oxfFsf ;d'bfosf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s cj:yfdf ;'wf/ x'g ;Sb}g . cGg pTkfbgsf] b[li6«sf]0fn] slknj:t' lhNnf t/fO{s} cu|0fL :yfgdf k/] klg u'0f:t/Lo jLpsf] cefjn] ubf{ pTkfbsTj j9\g ;s]sf] lyPg .

uh]x8f, enjf8 tyf lgUnLxjf uf=lj=;= slknj:t' lhNnfsf] pQ/L e'–efudf kg]{ uf=lj=;=x? x'g\ . oxfF %^ k|ltzt hghflt yf?, !% k|ltzt blnt / @( k|ltzt cGosf] j;f]jf; /x]sf] 5 . hdLg x+'bf–x'b} klg u'0f:t/Lo jLpsf] cefjn] ubf{ oL uf=lj=;=x?sf ;fy;fy} o; lhNnfsf cGo uf=lj=;=df ;d]t pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf sdL cfPsf] lyof] . kxf8L lhNnf u'NdL, c3f{vfFrL, kfNkf tyf :ofËhf cflb h:tf lhNnfdf cgfhsf] lgof{t x'g] lhNnf slknj:t' ePklg u'0f:t/Lo jLpsf] cefjn] ubf{ pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj sdL ePsf]n] dfu cg'?k vfBfGgsf] k'lt{ x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . oxfFsf] df6f] pj{/ / l;+rfO{sf] k|of{Kt ;'ljwf ePtfklg k'/fg} z}nLsf] v]tL k|0ffnL, u'0f:t/lxg jLpsf] k|of]u cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ pTkbgdf sl/j #)–$) k|ltzt lu/fj6 cfPsf] lyof] . o; lhNnf ;+u hf]l8Psf] l5d]sL lhNnf ?kGb]xLdf jLp pTkfbg ug]{ y'k}{ sDkgL / ;d"xx? eP klg l;hgdf k|To]s jif{ u'0f:t/Lo jLpsf] cefj x'bf ef/taf6 jif]{gL s/f]8f}sf] ?k}ofsf] jLp cfot x'g] ePsf]n] o; cfof]hgfnfO{ @)^^ ;fpg b]lv ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . ctM o; kl/of]hgfdf ;j{;'ne u'0f:tl/o jLp cfk'lt{sf] nflu nlIft ;d'bfosf v]t—jf/Ldf ;fd'lxs ;xeflutfdf jLp pTkfbg u/LPsf] 5 / ;f] lapnfO{ ;fd'bflos jLp a}+sdf /flvPsf] 5 / ;f] a}ssf] /]vb]v / lapsf] ahf/ Jofj:yfkg slknj:t' laha[l4 d'n ;ldlt 4f/f eO{/x]sf] 5 . lap pTkfbgsf] nflu ;|f]t lapsf] ?kdf d'n lap /fli6«o ds} jfnL / uxF' jfnL cg';Gwfg sfof{s|d / o'lge;{n l;8 sDkgL x?n] pknJw u/fpb} cfPsf 5g\ . eg] v8f afnLsf] lgl/If0f / gd'gfsf] ljZn]if0f If]lqo lap lahg k|of]uzfnf, e}/xjf4f/f lgoldt ?kdf eO{/x]sf] 5 . jLp j}+sjf6 vfBfGgsf] nflu k|of]u ul/g] cGgn] klg jLp ;f6\g ;lsg] Jofj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 . o; jLp j}ssf] ;Dk"0f{ ;+rfng tyf Jofj:yfkgsf] lhDdf slknj:t' lah a[l4 d'n ;ldltsf] /x]sf] 5 .

o; cfof]hgfn] slknj:t' lhNnfsf # j6f enjf8, uhx]8f / lgUnLxjf uf=lj=;=x?df aLp pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg] ;|f]t ;fwg ePsf / s[lif k]zfdf lge{/ /x]sf !%) hgf s[ifsx? o; kl/of]hgfaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . o; sfo{s|dsf] k|d'v nIo eg]sf] vfBfGg -wfg, ux'F, ds}_ sf] u'0f:tl/o jLp cfk'lt{ 4f/f nlIft ;d'bfosf] cfocfh{g, /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ / vfB ;'/Iffdf j[l4 u/L u/LjL lgjf/0f ug]{ /x]sf] 5 o; If]qdf lelqg] ef/tLo u'0f:t/lxg jLpnfO{ k|lt:yfkg u/L oL uf=lj=;= sf] ;fy} ;Dk'0f{ lhNnf e/L g} vfBfGg -wfg, u“x', ds}_ sf] u'0f:tl/o jLp cfk'lt{ 4f/f cfocfh{g, /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ / vfB ;'/Iffdf j[l4 u/L u/Llj lgjf/0f ug]{ nIosf ;fy of] kl/of]hgfsf] kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] lyof] .

Project Goal


vfBfGg -wfg, u“x', ds}_ sf] u'0f:tl/o jLp cfk'lt{ 4f/f nlIft ;d'bfosf] cfocfh{g, /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ / vfB ;'/Iffdf j[l4 u/L u/LjL lgjf/0f ug]{ .


!_ vfBfGg - wfg, u“x', ds}_ sf] u'0f:tl/o jLp cfk'lt{ 4f/f / vfBfGgsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j[l4 / /f]huf/Laf6 @=% jif{ leqdf &% k|ltzt nlIft ;d'bfosf] cfodf j[l4 ug]{ .

@_ ;:yfut Ifdtf j[l4 / ;xsf/Ljf6 ahf/ Joj:yfkg, cfof]hgfsf ls|ofsnfk tyf cfof]hgfsf] cg'udg / d'Nof+sgdf ;d]t n}lËs ;dfgtfdf ;fy{s ;'wf/ ug{] .

Beneficiaries

o; cfof]hgfn] slknj:t' lhNnfsf # j6f enjf8, uhx]8f / lgUnLxjf uf=lj=;=x?df aLp pTkfbg ug{sf] nfuL ;|f]t ePsf / s[lif k]zfdf lge{/ /x]sf s[ifsx?nfO{ nfeflGjt ;d'bfosf ?kdf lnPsf] 5 . o; kl/of]hgfsf ls|ofsnfkx?sf] sfo{Gjog ljz]if u/]]/ dlxnf ;d"x4f/f ;DkGg u/]sf]n] dlxnfx? of] kl/of]hgfaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . o; cfof]hgfdf # uf=lj=;= cGtu{t ;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L:t/jf6 u7g ePsf t/ ;]jf / ;'ljwf gkfO{ lglis|o ePsf ;d"xx?nfO{ klg ;xefuL u/fOPsf] 5 . dlxnfx?sf] x/]s If]qdf lg0f{o txdf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu o; cfof]hgfsf] th'{df, sfo{Gjog, cg'udg, d'Nof+sg, cGo tflnd tyf uf]li7x?df klg dlxnfsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{Psf] 5 . o;/L of] cfof]hgfjf6 k|ToIf ?kdf # uf=lj=;=sf !%) 3/w'/L nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . o;sf] ;fy} u'0f:t/Lo aLpsf] ;j{;'ne cfk"lt{sf4f/f ck|ToIf ?kdf %))) 3/w'l/ nfeflGjt eO{;s]sf 5g\ .


!_ kl/of]hgf cjlwdf !%) hgf s[ifsx?n] klxnf] jif{ !^##=*.– SjLG6n / bf];|f] jif{ #@^&=^ SjLG6n ul/ hDdf $()!=$ SjLG6n vfBfGg jfnL - wfg, uxF' / ds} _ sf] jLp ljls| u/]sf x'g]5g\ . !=!_ ^) hgf s[ifssf] wfgsf] jLp cfk'lt{ 4f/f klxnf] jif{ ?= $#$).– / bf];|f] jif{ ?= *^*).– sf] ul/ hDDff ?=

!#,)@).– k|lt kl/jf/ cltl/St cfDbfgL ePsf] x'g] 5 . !=@_ ^) hgf s[ifsx?sf] ux'Fsf] jLp cfk'lt{ 4f/f klxnf] jif{ ?= ^,(().– / bf];|f] jif{ ?= !#,(*).– sf] ul/ hDDff ?=

@),(&).– k|lt kl/jf/ cltl/St cfDbfgL ePsf] x'g]5 . !=#_ #) hgf s[ifsx?sf] ds}sf] jLp cfk'lt{ 4f/f klxnf] jif{ ?= @,#&).– / bf];|f] jif{ ?= $,&$).– sf] ul/ hDDff ?=

&,!!).– k|lt kl/jf/ cltl/St cfDbflg ePsf] x'g]5 . @_ jLp j}+s d'n ;ldltsf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng , %) k|ltzt dlxnf4f/f ;d'xdf jrt j[l4sf] ;fy;fy} jLp j}+s d'n

;ldlt / ;d'xsf] dxTjk'0f{ kb -cWoIf, sf]ifWoIf / ;lrj _ df nlIft ;d'bfosf Go"gtd Ps hgf ePsf] x'g]5 . #_ @=% jif{ leqdf !%) hgfn] $ lbgsf] vfBfGg jfnL -wfg, ux'F / ds}_ sf] jLp pTkfbg k|ljlw, /f]u ls/fsf]

Aofj:yfkg / kf]i6 xfe]{i6 k|ljlw ;DjlGw, !%) hgfn] ;d'x Jofj:yfkg tyf lxtsf]if kl/rfng ;DjlGw / ^)) hgfn] ljleGg cled'lvs/0f uf]li7, ;fj{hlgs ;fdflhs kl/If0f uf]li7, s[ifs lbj;, jLp j+}s d'n ;ldlt Aofj:yfkg uf]li7, sfo{s|d x:tfGt/0f / ;xeflutfTds cg'udg / d'Nof+sg uf]li7df ;xeflu ePsf] x'g]5g\ .

Up-scaling Pathways

o; cfof]hgfsf k|ltkmn cGo ;d'bfodf cg';/0f, lj:tf/ / k|;f/ ug{sf] nflu cfof]hgfsf] z'?df g} cled'lvs/0f uf]li7 u/L ;Dk'0f{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ cfof]hgfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbO{Psf] 5 . k|To]s rf}dfl;s k|flalws k|ltj]bg ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx?nfO{ pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5 . aflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bgsf] ;fj{hlgs/0f tyf cGo pknlAwsf] ;/f]sf/jfnfx? nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ k|ltkmnsf] cg';/0f tyf lj:tf/ ug{ ;fj{hlgs ;fdflhs kl/If0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} cGo ;d'bfodf k|ltkmnsf] cg';/0f / lj:tf/ ug{sf] nflu s[ifs lbj;sf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf dfkm{t klg k|ltkmnx?sf] Jofks k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] 5 . slknj:t' aLh a[l4 d'n ;ldltn] klg ljleGg Pu|f]e]6 ;+u ;dGjog ul/ ;fd'bflos lap a}+ssf] Jofks k|rf/ k|;f/ ul//x]sf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} a'sn]6 / kDkn]6 k|sf;gaf6 klg pknlAwx?sf] lj:tf/ tyf k|;f/ eO{/x]sf] 5 . SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs:

!_ kl/of]hgf cjlwdf !%) hgf s[ifsx?n] !@^ x]S6/df vfBfGg afnL -wfg, ux'F / ds}_sf] %)($ lSj6n k|dfl0ft k|yd tyf bf];|f] k':tf / pGgt jLp pTkfbg ug]{ 5g\ .


!=!_ ^) hgf s[ifsn] klxnf] jif{ !* x]S6/df %&^ lSj6n -k|yd k':tfsf] jLp / bf];|f] jif{ #^ x]S6/df !!%@ lSj6n bf];|f] k':tfsf] wfgsf] jLp pTkfbg ug]{ 5g\ . ^) hgf s[ifsx?n] klxnf] jif{ !* x]S6/df ^^^ lSj6n aLp pTkfbg u/L %*@=&% lSj6n wfgsf] /fwf $ hftsf] aLp lals| u/]sf 5g\ . @=@% x]S6/sf] aLp wfg sfl6 ;s] kl5 v]tdfg} kflgn] leh]sf] sf/0f lgisf;g ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] z'?df wfgsf] pTkfbsTj #=@ d]=6g nIo u/]sf]df klxnf] jif{ #=& d]=6g k|lt x]S6/ pTkfbsTj ePsf] 5 .

!=@_ ^) hgf s[ifsx?n] klxnf] jif{ !* x]S6/ If]qkmndf **@ lSj6n klxnf] k':tfsf] jLp / bf];|f] jif{ #^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf !&^$ lSj6n bf];|f] k':tfsf] ux'Fsf] jLp pTkfbg ug]{5g\ . ^) hgf s[ifsx?n] klxnf] jif{ !* x]S6/df %$) lSj6n aLp pTkfbg u/L %!) lSj6n lals| u/]sf 5g\ . bf];|f] jif{ ^! hgf s[ifsx?4f/f #^=%# x]S6/df !)*%=() lSj6n aLp pTkfbg ul/Psf] 5 . klxnf] jif{ kflgn] leh]sf] sf/0f ! x]S6/sf] / bf];|f] jif{ $=!^& x]S6/ If]qkmnsf] aLp lg:sf;g ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] z'?df $=( 6g k|lt x]S6/ pTkfbsTjsf] k|:tfj u/]sf]df klxnf] jif{ #=! d]=6g / bf];|f] jif{ #=^ d]=6g pTkfbsTj /x]sf] 5 .

!=#_ #) hgf s[ifsx?n] klxnf] jif{ ^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf @#& lSj6n klxnf] k':tfsf] jLp / bf];|f] jif{ !@ x]S6/ If]qkmndf $&$ lSj6n pGgt ds}sf] jLp pTkfbg ug]{5g\ . $$ hgf s[ifsx?n] klxnf] jif{ ^ x]S6/ () lSj6n dfq lap pTkfbg u/]sf 5g\ . ds} w]/} g} yf]t|f] ePsf]n] lap of]Uo kl/df0fdf nIo eGbf cToflws sld cfPsf] lyof] . o; jif{ -cf=j=@)^&÷)^*_df ^! hgf s[ifsx?n] !!=&# x]=df ds}sf] lap pTkfbg ul//x]sf 5g\ .

@_ k|ToIf nlIft ;d'bfo4f/f pTkflbt vfBfGg jfnL -wfg, u“x' / ds}_ sf] u'0f:tl/o aLpsf] k|zf]wg, :t/Ls/0f tyf jLpsf] u'0f:t/ kl/If0f tyf ahf/ Aofj:yfkg, jLp j}+s :yfkgf jLp a+}s d'n ;ldlt / k|:tfjs ;+:yfsf] k|fljlws l6djf6 ePsf] x'g] . ;fy} ;d'xdf cfj4 ljz]if u/L dlxnf ;b:ox? ;xsfo{sf] efjgfn] jLh j[l4 sfo{s|ddf ;ls|o ?kdf ;xeflu ePsf] x'g]5g\ . lap a}s ;+rfngsf] nflu slknj:t' lah j[l4 d'n ;ldtlt u7g tyf btf{ ePsf] 5 . ;ldltn] aLpsf] e08f/0f ug]{ / a9L ePsf] aLp cGo ;d'bfodf vfBfFGg ;+u ;f6f;f6 ug]{ / aLpsf] lals| ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{ ul//x]sf] 5 . lah j[l4 sfo{s|ddf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf pT;fxhgs /x]sf] 5 .

#_ Ifdtf clej[l4 / ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g] 5 . !%) hgf s[ifsn] $ lbgsf] vfBfGg jfnL - wfg, ux'+ / ds} _ sf] jLp pTkfbg k|ljlw, /f]u ls/fsf] Aofj:yfkg / kf]i6 xfe]{i6 k|ljlw ;DjlGw, !%) hgfn] ;d'x Jofj:yfkg tyf lxtsf]if kl/rfng ;DjlGw tflnd lnO{ ;s]sf 5g\ ;fy} $@* hgf s[ifs tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ljleGg uf]li7x? tyf ;xeflutfTds cg'udg tyf d'Nof+sg k4ltdf ;xeflu ePsf 5g\ .


Activities Progress status Remarks !=!_ d'n jLp4f/f jLh j[l4 !=!=@_ u“x'sf] d'n jLp 4f/f

jLh j[l4 @)^* a}zfvdf ;DkGg klxnf] / bf];|f] jif{sf] nIo

cg';f/ aLh j[l4 eO;s]sf] . !=!=#_ ds}sf] d'n jLp 4f/f

jLh j[l4 klxnf] jif{sf] @)^& h]i7df ;DkGg / bf];|f] jif{sf] @)^& kmfNu'g b]lv rfn' cj:yfdf

!=!=!_ wfgsf] d'n jLp 4f/f jLh j[l4

@)^& sflQsdf ;DkGg . bf];|f] jif{sf] of]hgf cg';f/ aLh j[l4 )^* h]i7 dlxgf b]vL z'? x'g] .

!=@_ lkmN8 lgl/If0f If]lqo lap lahg k|of]uzfnfaf6 k|To]s aflndf @ ÷@ k6s ul/ s'n xfn ;Dd * k6s lkmN8 lgl/If0f eO{/x]sf] 5 .

cfof]hgf sfo{bn4f/f lgoldt ?kdf v8f afnL tyf uf]bfdsf] lgl/If0f ePsf] 5 .

!=#_ :k|]o/ ljt/0f

@)^^ d+l;/ / @)^& sflQsdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] .

!=$_ dn ljt/0f

@)^^ d+l;/ / @)^& sflQsdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg ePsf] .

!=%_ h}ljs tyf /;folgs @)^^ d+l;/ / @)^& sflQsdf ;kmntfk'j{s


Activities Progress status Remarks ljiffbL ljt/0f

;DkGg ePsf] .

@=!_ jLp j}s d'n ;ldlt u7g

@)^^ sflQsdf u7g / @)^^ r}qdf btf{ ePsf] .

lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf ;dod} btf{sf] nflu k]z ul/P klg btf{ l9nf] x'g uPsf] xf] .

@=@_ gd'gf ;+sng tyf kl/If0f

@)^& sflQs / @)^* a}zfvdf gd'gf ;+sng / kl/If0f ePsf] / lg/Gt/ ?kdf ;+rfng x'g] .

@=#_ Koflsu -jf]/f tyf 6\ofluË_

@)^& a}zfvdf b]lv l;hg l;hgdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf sfof{Gjog eO{/x]sf] .

@=$_ jf]/f l;nfpg] d]l;g @)^& a}zfvdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg @=%_ t/fh' tyf 9s ;]6

ljt/0f @)^& a}zfvdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg

#=! tflnd #=!=!_ jLp pTkfbg k|ljlw

;DjlGw tflnd @)^^ c;f]hdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg

#=!=@_ ;d'x Aofj:yfkg tflnd

@)^^ ebf}df ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg

#=@_ ljleGg uf]li7x? #=@=!_ cled'lvs/0f uf]li7 @)^^ ;fpgdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg #=@=@_ ;fj{hlgs ;fdflhs

kl/If0f k|yd jif{sf] @)^& c;f/df ;DkGg ePsf] / bf];|f] jif{sf] @)^* c;f/ / k'ifdf x'g] 5 .

#=@=#_ jLp j}s Aofj:yfkg uf]li7

@)^^ c;f]hdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg

#=@=$_ s[ifs lbj; - # k6s _

@)^& c;f/df / @)^& kmfNu'gdf ;DkGg ePsf] / cfufdL @)^* sflQsdf sfo{Gjog x'g]

#=@=%_ sfo{s|d x:tfGt/0f @)^* , kf}if dlxgfdf ;DkGg x'g] .

#=@=^_ cg'udg tyf d'Nof+sg

lg/Gt/ @ k6s gf8]{km af6 / k|To]s rf}dfl;sdf cfof]hgf sfo{bn / ;+:yfsf] sfo{;ldlt af6 cg'udg tyf d'Nof+sg eO{/x]sf] .

k|sfzg @)^^ kmfNu'gdf ;kmntfk'j{s ;DkGg a'sn]6 / kDkn]6 k|sf;g

ul/Psf]

k|ltj]bg

lg/Gt/

k|To]s rf}dfl;s, jflif{s cfly{s tyf k|fljlws k|ult k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] .

;dGjog lg/Gt/ cfjZostfg';f/ Achievements

@)^* a}zfv ;Dd s'n @^!=!)* d]=6g aLp pTkfbg ePsf] / h;df @#^=*^% d]=6g= aLp of]Uo kl/df0f ePsf] lyof] . xfn ;Dd !**=@&% d]=6g lap ahf/df lals| eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . h; dWo] %) 6g vfBfFg ;+u ;f6f ;f6 ePsf] lyof] eg] !#*=@&% d]=6g gubdf lals| ePsf] lyof] . lap lals| af6 s'n ? @@,$#,&@) cltl/Qm cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 . lap lals| af6 xfn ;Dd k|lt 3/w'/L ? !#^$) cltl/Qm cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 . xfn lap a}sdf $*%=() lSj6n u“x' l;hgdf lals| ljt/0f ug{sf] nfuL ;fd'bflos lap a}s uhx]8f, ;+sng s]Gb| enjf8 / lglUnxjf uf=lj=; df :6f]/ u/L /flvPsf] 5 .


xfn ;Dd vfBfGg afnLsf] pGgt lap -wfg,ds} / uxF'_ n] slknj:t' lhNnfdf %^% x]=, c3f{vfrL lhNnfdf !@) x]= / ?kGb]xL lhNnfdf !)) x]= ul/ s'n &*% x] df 9fs]sf] / xfn lap a}sdf ;+lrt / ahf/df lals| eO{;s]sf] lapn] eljZodf slknj:t' lhNnfdf (&#=*# x]= / ?kGb]xL lhNnfdf &&% x]= ul/ s'n !&$*=*# x] df 9fSg] 5 . o;/L o; cfof]hgfaf6 xfn -@)^* a}zfv_ ;Dddf s'n @%##=*# x]= If]qkmn 9fSg] pGgt lapsf] pTkfbg ePsf] 5 .

slknj:t' lah j[l4 d'n ;ldltsf] kxndf xfn ;Dd !**=@&% d]=6g= u'0f:tl/o lapsf] ahf/ Jofj:yfkg ePsf] 5 .

aLp ;f6f ;f6 sfo{s|d4f/f %$#=#) x]S6/ If]qkmnsf] nflu u'0f:t/Lo ds} / uxF'sf] aLp cfk'lt{ ePsf] 5 .

xfn ;Dd o; cfof]hgfaf6 pTkflbt %)^& 3/w'/Ln] lapsf] k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ .

enjf8, lglUnxjf / uhx]8f uf=lj=; df ds}sf] c?0f @ sf] !!=&# x]S6/df aLp pTkfbg eO{/x]sf] 5.

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Project Title: Implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices in Dairy

Industries “establishing one model milk chain” of each dairy Project No: PP No.: 623/2008/09Project Coordinator: Mr. Bikash PandeyAddress: Teku, Kathmandu PO Box: 9489 Telephone: 4258455, 9841286541 Fax: 01-4262146Email: [email protected], [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Quality & Environnemental Management Service, (QEMS) Start Date: June-July-2009 End Date: Sept-Oct-2011 Project Cost: NRs. 2347936.60 Location of Project: Lalitpur & Makawanpur District of Bagmati Zone

Project Summary Project possesses the necessary competence and reliability to provide guidance on the operation and implementation of GMP model in dairy industry to make a safe milk chain. On the other hand, the mentioned project will develop GMP framework at milk chain for replication and implementation purpose to other milk entrepreneurs. Likewise it is to recommend that the regulatory agencies can concise and incorporate the unavoidable requirements for dairy business.

The main objective of the project GMP in milk chain is to decrease the non-compliance in milk production at farmer level, collection and handling in chilling center or cooperatives and obviously in dairy. Decrease in non compliance in milk chain means low milk rejection in milk chain. Decrease in rejection means increase in production, which directly relates to income generation.

Project work covers the milk and milk chain of three selected dairy. Within milk chain beneficiaries are farmer groups, CC or cooperative employee and dairy industry employee. It helps in to develop trained group of people within focused dairy industries, chilling centre with respect to GMP implementation and sanitation & hygiene program. Similarly, the associated farmer of respective CC will have sufficient basic level knowledge for sanitation & Handling of milk, basic milk testing techniques at CC and farmer level. The involvement beneficiaries within proposed projects, selected milk chain (Farmer, CC & dairy) directly involvement in implementation, participation in training, interactions program. Their input, implementation findings, number of people involve in dairy farming shall be milestone and replicable to other dairy industry.

As a whole 60 industrial employees, 150 farmer and chilling centre people will be trained during conduction of proposed projects at two different districts (Lalitpur, Makawanpur, Similarly 15 local resource person are developed for serving & sustainability of implemented GMP at farmer and CC level. Beside this 15 person shall be trained for milk testing methodology. To disseminate the basic GMP practices, 200 booklets and 500 leaflets shall be developed, which contains milk safety GMP practices in diagrammatic representation for farmer level, CC and dairy level. One National level and one district level seminar shall be conducted and include the audience as relevant stake holder and relevant experts shall be guided the seminar on technical aspects.

The projects designed with the clear pathways for up scaling of the outputs. There is two tire (District level and National Level) of seminar with participation of farmer, entrepreneur, concerned governmental departments. In seminar project findings shall be floored at district level and recommendation and district level findings shall be incorporated in National level seminar, which shall be made clear recommendations on milk safety. Those recommendation may be reflects in forth coming plans from concerned departments. ToT shall be established by proposed project. . It helps in technology transfer on basic GMP practices. Up-scaled and strengthen knowledge of farmers, chilling centre people and industrial employee those who are in dairy business.



1. Up-scaled and strengthen knowledge of farmers, chilling centre people and industrial employees regarding Technology and methodology of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) by; Baseline survey and information collection: This is applicable to industry, CC/ cooperatives and farmer level separately. The criteria shall be established based on GMP requirement, focus on infrastructure, resource, equipment & facilities (utilities) available. Likewise cleaning & sanitation, training requirement, personal hygiene maintenance, and their validation practice also shall be taken into consideration. Farmer group selection is very important. Basic criteria for selection of farmer groups shall be based on recommendation of selected dairy industry, where main criteria to be considered as volume of milk received and involvement of farmers in milk supply business. After finalization of site, two relevant experts will be involved in baseline survey. Survey inputs shall be incorporated in designated format focus on milking animal health and treatment, animal hygiene, cleaning & sanitation of milking utensils, use of water, storage of milk, personal hygiene, and means of transportation of milk to CC. Training on GMP to Milk chain (farmer-cooperative/CC and Dairy industry employee) The overall finding of the baseline survey was taken as the tool for the designing of training syllabus. The core group of 7 experts from multidisciplinary field (Food Microbiology, Food Technology, Veterinary Science, Food Safety experts) was assigned for designing the training syllabus and planning of the training project. At farmers level training, number of farmers at a time shall be not be exceeded 20-25 and 2 man days by relevant expert (vetenary doctors, microbiologist, and food technologist). The content of training shall be milking animal health and how they will treat the milking animal when they get ill, animal hygiene, cleaning & sanitation of milking utensils, use of water, storage of milk, personal hygiene, and transportation of milk to CC & environmental issues and simple rapid test of milk. Likewise at cooperatives/CC, training shall be carried out covering the topics, cleaning & sanitation practice, selection of sanitizer, operational control (time & temp), personal Hygiene and basic milk safety testing procedure (clot on boiling test, methylene blue reduction time test for evaluation of microbial load of raw milk, adulteration test on sodium bi carbonate, starch & glucose test). Local Resource person developmental training GMP practice and it’s sustainability at farmer level, local resource person shall be developed, where local resource person shall be means of ToT and ToT packages shall be separately developed. Training package shall be included, milk handling practice, areas on cross contamination, use of water and major on milk testing procedure. Basic milk testing parameters shall be COB (clot on Boiling) which indicates storage status of farmer milk, methylene blue reduction time test (indicator test of microbial load on raw milk), sodium bicarbonate, starch and glucose test (adulteration test). Respective dairy of selected CC shall be accountable for continuation of training at farmer level by using trained ToT, even after completion of projects. And By the way the Testing Kits shall be provided for evaluate the milk quality with respect to milk safety.

2. Three GMP Implemented Model Industries Leading to Food Safety

Required documents and records preparation for the three different dairy for GMP GMP implementation must be guided by documents. Major document required for the implementation of GMP are manual (what to do), standard operating procedure (how to do), work Instruction (supporting documents of SOPs) & Inspection plan (where to monitor). Code of practice for milk & milk products developed by DFTQC, GMP requirements, principle of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, ISO 22000:2005 shall be adopted for guideline during preparation of all level documents. Beside this, findings of preliminary quality audit shall also be taken into consideration for preparation of documents. Relevant expert (microbiologist, food technologist and system auditor) shall be involved into documents preparation. Likewise record keeping system shall be established. Record keeping system shall be two different type i.e. mandatory record required by the system requirement and operational control records with incorporating milk safety parameters within same records.


Implementation of GMP on three selected dairy Implementation of GMP initiated with training. All these training contents are interlinked to fulfill the requirement of GMP implementation, and finally establishment of resource and infrastructure with respect to requirement of GMP start with commitment from top management of respective diaries. Beside all these, implementation initiated from output of baseline survey at industry level by following steps; • Identification Microbiological (Coliform), chemical (adulterant) & Physical hazards (foreign object

visible by naked eye) • Establishment of control measures (time & temperature control) • Water supply checks and quality control (water use for production and cleaning & sanitation) • Dairy premises &equipment cleaning and sanitation (cleaning & sanitation program, selection of

sanitizer) • Personal hygiene maintenance program (Medical check up facility, health & hygiene) • Rework controls (Returns milk handling for reprocessing or alternate use and their storage) • Hold & release of products (criteria for holding and releasing of milk based on lab report) • Product disposal (procedure for disposal of non compliance product) • Product recall (recall procedure, if non compliance product release) • Testing program (quality check against the microbial, chemical & physical hazards) • Identification & traceability (Batch & type of identification & traceability procedure) • Pest controls program (to avoid any type of biological hazards) • Displaying of work instruction (help to operator for operation controls)

Testing of milk sample before and during implementation of GMP system Laboratory Testing of Milk samples before and after implementation of GMP (all level farmer, cooperative and Industry level) shall be adopted to evaluate milk safety against the hazards (Microbial, chemical and Physical). Sampling of milk sample shall be done as follows; sampling from farmer, from cooperative and from market of each dairy For all type of hazards, the likelihood of occurrence shall depend on the actual prevalence in raw milk, its handling, storage & transportation. Mode of action introducing of hazards shall be evaluated based on presence, contamination, growth and survival of hazards in milk chain. In case of microbiological parameter Coliform (water is source of contamination), shall be included in lab testing. Chemical parameter shall include adulterant test (sodium bi carbonate, starch, glucose test). There shall be established of standard operating procedure for identification milk hazards at farmer level, CC or cooperative level and Industry level, which shall be used as inputs when recommendations shall be made. Beside this, antibiotic residual test shall be done for three (from each milk chain) pooled samples, if facility available in DFTQC laboratory. Sampling method shall be representing three different climatic conditions (summer, rainy, winter) to evaluate hazards and this applicable before and after implementation of GMP.

Internal Quality audit & Verification audit of implemented GMP system This is also part of implementation. Conduction of internal audit always identifies the areas for improvement. IQA shall be carried out by industry people themselves on behalf of relevant expert. This is fact finding procedure for improvement. Facts shall be discussed with top management and shall be arranged for implementation or fulfillment of GMP requirements within given time frame at IQA. Verification audit shall be managed by QEMS. The audit shall be conducted by food safety auditor. The auditor may be from DFTQC or any other independent person or both of them. Findings from verification audit shall be taken as next steps for improvement.

3. Dissemination & Up-scaling of technical knowledge to other farmers, dairies and other related stakeholders


Publish and dissemination of technical booklet and leaflet Baseline survey feedback from farmer and CC shall be taken as input for development of technical booklet and leaflet. Beside this, basic GMP practice shall also be included in technical booklets, leaflets. The purpose of development of booklet and leaflet is to enhance the promotion pathways and sustainability of system, there will be designed diagrammatic booklet containing milk safety issue like best milking practice, transportation practice, operational controls, and sanitation & hygiene practice. Booklet and leaflet shall be published in local language (Nepali) and easy to understand. The designing of contents of booklet and leaflet shall be reviewed and approved by relevant expert.

Organize one National level & one district level seminar on GMP model milk chain to other related stakeholders Organizing national & district level seminar on findings of works for extension the findings to large number of dairy producer and entrepreneurs with involvement all level policy maker stakeholders like DFTQC, DLS, NDDB and CLDP. In case of district level, local stakeholder shall be involved. This shall be carried out by presentation of findings from proposed project, local expert views and local milk supplier (farmer representation), local milk processors (CC or cooperatives) and dairy representation, where discussion shall be made on issues, areas for improvement and problems on GMP implementation. Here next level of inputs or findings shall be compiled. Likewise, in National level the major agenda at National level conference to include real findings from proposed projects &, outputs from district level seminar. Finally recommendations shall be made from each activities, which shall help to identification of major areas for improvement from policy level at resource availability, infrastructure development, technology transfer, enhancement of similar type projects in relevant agro based industry by concern department of Nepal government.


Activities Progress status Remarks Activity 1.1: Baseline survey and information collection

Completed Submission of first trimester report to NARDF End of Asoj-2066

Activity 1.2: Training on Good Manufacturing Practices to Milk Chain (Farmers, co-operatives/Chilling Centre, Industrial manpower)

completed Submission of second trimester report to NARDF Poush 2066

Activity 1.3: Local resource person development training (TOT)

completed Third trimester report preparation 26 to 28 Chaitra, 2066

Activity 2.1: Required documents and records preparation for three different dairy regarding GMP (manuals, Standard Operating Procedures including identification and traceability, Work Instructions, inspection plan, records, forms, formats

Initiated from 1 st week of Baishakh Baishak-Asar -2067-I

Shrawan-Asoj -2067-II

Output 2: Three GMP Implemented Model Industries Leading to Food Safety completed

Activity 2.2: Implementation of GMP on three focused dairy industries

completed

Output 2: Hetauda Milk supply Scheme (completed and rewarded with Food safety Management System (ISO22000:2005) by external certification body (ICS-Mumbai) Nepal Dairy and Rajdhani Dairy (Going on)


Activity 2.3: Testing of milk samples before and during implementation of GMP representing milk chain of Nepal dairy, Rajhdhani Dairy & HMSS

completed

Output 2: Milk sampling has done and tested NS-accreditated Lab. Result and discussion shall be submitted coming trimester report (before end of Fiscal year 2067-2068

Activity 2.4: Verification and audit of Implemented GMP system

completed Baishak-Asar -2068

Activity 3.1: Publish & dissimination of technical booklets and leaflets

Yet to be Initiated Shrawan-Asoj -2068

Output 3: Dissemination & Up-scaling of technical knowledge to other farmers, dairies and other related stakeholders

Activity 3.2: Organize one one district level & national level seminar on GMP model on Milk Chain to other related stakeholders

completed Shrawan-Asoj -2068

ACHIEVEMENTS Baseline survey and information collection Finalization of major key areas of each level i.e. farmer group, Chilling centre or cooperative and industry level, further efforts have been made to design the questionnaire in subjective format since it has been considered to be more feasible to overcome the limitation of questionnaire presentation and cover all the GMP requirements at all levels. All three level questionnaires have been presented in Nepali language with easy interpretation.

Considering the impact of sample size, it has been decided to survey at least 10-12% of farmers. This sample size is justifiable with respect to statistical quality control for selection sample size of farmer. Three consecutive surveys were conducted over 90 farmers, 8 chilling centres/cooperatives and 3 dairies (Nepal Dairy, Hetauda Milk Supply Scheme and Rajdhani Dairy)

Among farmers selected for the study, 76% were totally unaware of the measures to be adopted for the safe and quality milk production. The level of practices on sanitation and hygiene was found to be poor in 90% farmers. The farmers has practice store the evening milk for whole night because of not having milk receiving facility in the evening. The existing practices of handling and storage of the entire chilling centre (CC) / cooperative were found to be similar. The infrastructure and facilities of all the selected chilling centres / cooperatives was found to be inadequate. Out of eight chilling centre / cooperatives, two were lacking chilling facility. None of the centres have adequate facility for milk testing. All the three dairies were found to be committed to implement GMP in whole milk chain after establishment of a model milk chain. The design and infrastructure all selected dairies have some areas for improvements at design, facility and Human resources to meet the GMP requirements. The overall findings of the baseline survey suggest the urgent need of technical training and advisory assistance to the farmers and employee of CC and factory, to make them aware about the requirements for the implementation of GMP. The training shall be designed and conducted taking consideration in to cultural habits, existing level of awareness, practices and facilities, and the demand of the surveyed people.

Training on Good Manufacturing Practices to Milk Chain (Farmers, co-operatives/Chilling Centre, Industrial manpower) Most importantly considered evidences were the current practices like milking practice, preservation, cleaning of milking utensils etc or habits, awareness level and the facilities among the farmers, their chilling centres/ cooperatives and the dairies.

Eighty one percent farmers of the model milk chains were found to be highly committed to implement the knowledge on their own practices. But some of them showed the financial constraints like to purchase


appropriate storage as well transportation utensils, sanitizers, and to repair or reconstruct the traditionally made barn to make more hygienic and cleanable. Ninety five percent chilling centres/cooperative employees and 71 % of the farmer group were found to be satisfied with the contents.

At the CC/Cooperatives level, 64% employee expressed the training very fruitful or as expected. They realized their existing practices soon to be improved. The heterogeneous group of trainee with respect to qualification and work experience, made difficulty to design the training material and to make understandable the technical terminology

Local resource person development training (TOT)

The three days residential training (TOT) was conducted with an aim to develop the sufficient number of local resources for all level of at least one model milk chain of proposed three dairy industries (Nepal Dairy, HMSS, and Rajdhani Dairy).

The feedback, suggestions and recommendations obtained from the baseline survey and last trimester training were widely considered while drafting the syllabus for the training.

The main four sections included in the training were: 1) Interaction among trainee and trainer regarding the current practices and the likely solution 2) Hygienic milk production 3) Milk testing 4) Field visit.

The three days long residential training was conducted on 26-28 Chaitra , 2066 at Hotel Singapur, sundhara, Kathmandu. Total participants were 19 from three industries representing one complete milk chain of each dairy. Tests methods session carried out with demo as well as practical session for participant to build confidence in handling of test kits, sample etc. and finally they were provided with kits for their use in their own working place.

Note: Activity 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 were merged out of the keen interest of the CC and Dairy employees of learning the milk testing methods. The kits were distributed to chilling centres instead of farmers. After huge discussion among the project members and taking consideration in to the suggestion from Dairies, It was concluded that distribution of the Kits to the CC may result more effective control of milk adulteration.)

Implementation of GMP on three focused dairy industries

Amongst selected dairies, Hetauda Milk supply scheme initiated for Food safety management system certification (ISO22000:2005). The ful fledge system was implemented and internally verified and non- compliance was settled properly and it was also verified with third party food safety audit by independed certification body and rewarded with certification.

Rajdhani Dairy was near about the completion of GMP implementation. Relevant documented was completed. According to document, GMP requirements are implementing. Using of forms formats, Work instruction displaying , trainings etc are completed. Facilitating for In house lab testing is under selltement.

Nepal Dairy has also same progress in implementation of GMP, though it has many basic infrasture and resources available already. Alligned the all avaialble and resources and infrastructures as per requirements in Nepal Dairy. Due to some employee (Reposnsible) turn over, progess was delayed but implementation shall be completed within targeted time frame.

Testing of milk samples before and during implementation of GMP representing milk chain of Nepal dairy, Rajhdhani Dairy & HMSS From each milk chain representating all three dairies milk samples were collected, Farmers level (3 each), CC (3 each) dairies (3 each) meand 27 different sample were collected and allow for lab testing. Selection of lab was done- NS accreditated lab. where as adulterants and different microbial tested were carried out. Findings (result) quite satisfactory with respect to adulterants i.e. no any adulterant were detected in any milk chain. Where as microbial test (Coliform and Total plate count) was seem unsatisifactory. Where GMP practice shall help to improved their practice to decrease the microbial hazards.


Project Title: Market Promotion of Large Cardamom Through Quality

Improvements Project No: PP No 624/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Harischandra Chilwal Address: Environment Conservation and Development Forum,Taplejung Telephone: 024-460464 Fax: 024-460464 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Horticulture Research Division, NARC, Khumaltar

District Agriculture Development Office, Taplejung Cardamom Farmers Network , Taplejung Taplejung Chamber of commerce and industry, Taplejung

Start Date: 1st August, 2009. End Date: July 2012. Project Cost: NRs. 2521600 (NARDF contribution NRs 19,62,000) Location of Project: Three VDCs (Hangdewa, Tiringe and Fungling VDCs) of

Taplejung district PROJECT SUMMARY Background Taplejung ranks the first position for cardamom in terms of production area and production in Nepal. More than 40 % households (HHs) have been involving in producing cardamom as their main cash crop. It is estimated that Taplejung alone produces 2000 MT cardamom capsule from the area of 4000 hectare. Cardamom is cultivated mostly in marginal land under the shade of Alnus Nepalensis as agro-forestry system. The product is almost exported to India and earns 900 million rupees annually (TCCI, 2008). It clearly shows that large cardamom is one of the important commercial agricultural products able to earn foreign exchange. Large cardamom is found to be boon to hill farmers of eastern Nepal because of its social, economical and environmental advantages. Large cardamom growers have not been receiving anticipated level of income because of traditional system of pre and post-harvest processing and handling. Considering this problem, the project titled "Market promotion of large cardamom through quality improvements" has planned for technological interventions on improved farming techniques, value addition- quality curing through improving drying system, appropriate storage and packaging, establishment of new shortest marketing channels, farmers empowerment and dissemination of collected information to all the stakeholders. For these endeavors, mechanism of strong participation and collaboration of development agencies, farmers groups and technical institution has been devised in participation with farmers’ groups. Goal and Objectives: The goal of the project is to contribute to poverty reduction of cardamom growers through quality improvement of large cardamom. The primary objective is to increase per unit area farm income (by yield increment and quality improvement) through large cardamom sale.

Beneficiaries The primary beneficiaries of this project shall be the 350 small households of Large Cardamom Growers of the three project VDCs of Taplejung district whereas multiplier effect could be observed at least in 3000 farm families of the district and more in the region. The intermediate beneficiaries are large cardamom traders, dryer manufactures, Carrier, agricultural workers and technicians. Ultra-poor are benefited through the rural employment generation. Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs)

The aforementioned indicators could easily be traced down through quarterly progress report, project annual report, annual report of the executing organization, technical reports in seminar and workshop, published material and on the spot visits. Furthermore, this information could be triangulated with the publications of the collaborating institutions and records of FNCCI/CCI. Additionally, newly formed and/or mobilized cardamom growers groups, construction of improved dryers and capsules dried in the improved dryer could be observed in the project implemented sites and district headquarters of Taplejung district.


Up-scaling Pathways The project outputs are yet to be evaluated and many confirmatory tests to be carried out for up-scaling. However, grading of cardamom has shown positive indication for up-scaling. Grading technique for value addition can be promoted through orientation, training to farmers group and traders in order to increase income by 2.5 % from the existing amount of product. A meeting between Cardamom Farmers Network farmers and Trader shall be organized for mutual understanding in marketing of quality product.


Targeted Outputs: By the end of the project, the project outputs were expected as;

• At least one socio-economically accepted improved cardamom dryers shall be promoted and at least 10 recommended improved smokeless dryers shall be replicated by farmers themselves by the end of the project. The additional value of the cardamom shall be increased at least by 10% in comparison with locally dried capsule.

• At least 15% of the total production of three working VDCs shall be dried in the improved dryers at the end of the project.

• 350 small cardamom holders shall be organised into 32 farmers group and shall be capacitated on quality improvement..

• At least one type of moisture impermeable sacks will be introduced in Taplejung district. • The oil content of cardamom about 2% at present shall be increased to more than 2%. • The project learning and experiences shall be shared to other stakeholders through workshop and

publications.

PROJECT STATUS REPORTS:

First Year Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Socio-economical problems associated with improved smokeless dryer identified and addressed.

Probing of problem on introduced driers and local driers completed

Dryer specific socio-economical problems identified by large cardamom farmers. They have also proposed for ammendment.

1.2 Introduced Cardamom dryer will be tested for fuel and homogeneous drying efficiency

Testing of two-drum Dryer, Gasi-fire Dryer with traditional/local dryer as control for four replication for fuel and homogeneous drying efficiency has been completed.

The participatory assessment with farmers of introduced dryers identified traditional dryers as fuel and homogeneous drying efficiency. However, two-Drum Dryer gave visible result on quality of cardamom capsule in terms of colour and taste because of its indirect heating mechanism.

1.4 Promotion of grading and tail removing activities and feedback of their socio-economic effect

Completed. Two days training on grading and tail removing skill organized with practical for 25 farmers and traders. Grading gave positive result i.e. increase additional income by 315 for each 40 kg dried cardamom where as tail removing practices increased cost of production by NRs 23.per kg in Taplejung.

1.5 Low cost storage environment and packaging materials experiment

Study on low cost storage environment with packaging material on quality of cardamom

Most of the storage facility are found of inferior quality. Both farmers and traders found


completed in mid hills of Taplejung and Birtamod in Terai.

exclusively used jute sack as packaging material.

2.1 Desk studies of markets and use of large cardamom in end markets

Intensive desk studies of available reports completed. Report studied under the Technical Cooperation Project tittled “Advisory services on export development of priority sectors of Nepal” (NEP/A1/01A) carried out by the International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) and the Trade and Export Promotion Centre (TEPC), and co-funded by the European Union and ITC through the Asia Trust Fund (ATF) reviewed.

The report has showed major markets, exporters and uses of cardamom identified. This study needs to be continued for the second year.

3.1 Group formation, strengthening and mobilization

Group formation acheived as set target in the three program VDCs.

291 HHs have been organized in 14 groups of which 111 (38 %) are women. The activity goes for three year.

3.5 Publication and dissemination of project brochure, reports (Trimester report & Annual Reports)

Periodic reports have been submitted and extension materials on Cardamom Production has been developed and disseminated to farmers.

Editing & revision is on-going.

Second year Planned Activities

SN Activities Progress Status Remarks

1.3 Up-scaling of Improved dryers

10 Improved dryers distributed

Cardamom dryers to be distributed in the first year was distributed in the second year. 72 farmers of 10 cardamom farners group benefited. 3.6 MT quality cardamom produced

1.4 Promotion of grading and tail removing activities and feedback of their socio-economic effect.

Training completed. 25 farmers participated in 2 days training on tail removing and grading. The tail removing process increased production cost which could not be compensated with offered market price. The quality of cardamom affected with increasing demand with competitive price. Farmers took advantage from the unhealthy competitive market by selling semi-processed cardamom.

1.5 Low cost storage environment and packaging materials experiment

Study completed. Suitable packaging material identified.

Poly ethylene found the best among the packaging material for well dried cardamom. Cardamom packaging in . Poly ethylene bag or poly-laminated bag saved weight loss saved by 50 % in


comparison to Jute sack. 2.1 Desk studies of markets

and use of large cardamom in end markets

Completed. Traders and country of exporting identified.

2.2 Interactions between Growers and Whole Sellers/Exporters and incense industry. .

Completed. Cardamom producers, local and regional level traders participated. Traders agreed to offer 5 % more for each value added (smokeless processing, tail removing and grading) product.

Collective marketing in the form of Auction Marketing could not be organized due to different interest of farmers and traders' vested interest.

3.1 Group strengthening and mobilization

On-going. 357 HHs organized in 16 groups where 42 % are women .

3.5 Preparation / publication of booklet on large cardamom drying, storage and marketing

Trimester reports, compilation report and annual reports prepared & submitted.

Booklets for farmers finalized..

THIRD YEAR Planned activities

SN Activities Progress Status Remarks

1.3 Up-scaling of Improved dryers Completed . 4 Improved (2-drum) Driers distributed to 4 farmers groups of Hangdewa (2), Fungling (1) and Tiringe (1) VDCs. 26 farmers benefited.

14 improved driers has been distributed to 14 farmers groups to the end of the project period. The oil content in the processed product could not be improved due to mass fungal infestation on cardamom plant and capsule.

2.2 Interactions between Growers and Whole Sellers/Exporters and incense industry. .

Cardamom Traders Association Taplejung agreed to offer NRs 1000-3000 more price for the value added product (good drying, grading and tail removed product).

Premium price offered to quality product did not encourage farmers for mass production since the production cost and offered price could not covered the investment due to high labor cost in Taplejung..

3.1 Group strengthening and mobilization

Completed. 20 Cardamom groups formed as target.

417 HHs where 42 % are women participation. Cardamom groups are weak in organized marketing.

3.2 Farmer's training on processing, grading and marketing (Value Chain Development)

Completed. 38 farmers participated in the training. Farmers agreed to supply 5 MT processed capsule to regional traders for market promotion.

3.4 National level workshop Not completed This activity is planned in end of july 2012

3.5 Preparation / publication of booklet on large cardamom drying, storage and marketing

Trimester reports, compilation report and annual reports prepared & submitted.

Booklets for farmers ready for printing.


Achievements / Findings 1. Traditional Dryer identified as homogeneous drying and fuel efficient dryer as compared to other

introduced dryers. Despite of high risk of burning capsule with fire due to direct heating system, the traditional dyer is found common because it is technically very simple and economically viable even for the small holders. simple. However, cardamom processed in 2-drum dryers improved quality in term color & smell could not influence local as well as export market price as anticipated. The price offered to the value added product could even hardly recover investment made for various value addition functions. Quality being the non-negotiable factor in the end market, fourteen 2-Drum Driers has been distributed to 14 farmers groups to promote quality. 17.6 MT quality products produced and marketed. The volume processed annually about 4. MT is still too low in supply chain to influence the market. The volume of production decreased heavily due to severe infestation of cardamom plant with fungal disease

2. On-site study of storage environment showed that farmers and traders have found not much aware of suitable storage environment so far. The existing storage environment and packaging material for large cardamom found unsuitable to maintain quality. They are packaging cardamom commonly on moisture permeable Jute-Sack because of its advantage to accommodating more quantity in storage and transportation. But, the jute sack allows moisture loss that is ultimately weight loss. As traders and farmers experience, the dry and cool storage facility keeps quality and quantity better for one year. Our experiment showed that cardamom stored in jute sacks for 9 months recorded weight loss by 2-3 % whereas in Poly-ethylene or poly-laminated sack recorded weight loss less than 1 %. Poly-laminated Sack is recommended as most suitable packaging material for storing and marketing. Farmers and traders have improved over traditional practice of storing and packaging cardamom. They have improved existing store by upgrading floor and wall with planks to make storage environment dry. Some farmers and traders have also changed packaging material from simple jute bag to poly-laminated bag.

3. Farmers used to sell cardamom without tail removing and grading. Both processing functions are compulsory for improving quality and export market. Traders have graded cardamom into Big (JJ), Medium (SD) and Small (Chalu) and make packaging of 1 kg, 2 kg 5 kg. 10 kg, 20 kg and 50 kg on poly-laminated jute sack for exporting. Grading function alone increased additional income by 5.08 rupees to each kilogram of cardamom but tail removing found cost in-effective to farmers and traders due to high living cost in Taplejung compared to Birtamod in terai because the premium price offered by the traders to the value added product could not give incentive to producers. Traders also did not differentiate market price for value added and none value added product as the demand of cardamom increases. Farmers discontinued value addition work.

4. Desk study report has shown that Taplejnug ranks in the first position in Nepal in terms of coverage and production of large cardamom. It is also recorded that Nepal has been the top country followed by India and Bhutan for exporting cardamom. More than 90 % of cardamom is exported to India and from India to other country. Recently Nepal has exported to India, Pakistan, Singapore, UAE, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Hong Kong, Canada, UK & USA .

5. Large cardamom has many applications for various purposes. It has been using in Mugalai cuisine for preparing biriyani, pulavu and meat curry. The spices industry use for preparing garam masala. It is also used for preparing Ayurvedic and Unani medicines. Cardamom is also used for flavouring sweets, toffees, cakes, biscuits, pickles, milk, tea, soft-drinks, alcoholic drinks, tooth paste, etc. The bark and traces of capsules are used as essence for dhoop.

6. Market linkage of farmers with regional level exporters ( Mr. Rosan Agrawal & Hari Mishra) developed and quality product marketed through them. The Exporters have exporting product in two brand i.e. Himal Brand & Siya Brand.

7. 417 households as against of the targeted 350 hhs organized into cardamom farmers . Farmers group and their network emerged as an active entity in the district for promoting quality and increasing productivity of cardamom. They have able to mobilize resources of District Development Committee in cardamom development.

8. Booklets for farmers and traders has been developed and disseminated. It is in the process of printing which will be submitted to NARDF soon.


Project Title: Unnat Bangur Palaun Mahilako Rojgari Badhau (Increase income

and employment of women through improved pig raising) Project No: 625/2008/09 Project Coordinator: Madan Kumar Rai Address: Head office: Khotang Development Forum, Ratnapark, Diktel, Khotang

Branch: P.O Box 354 Lalitpur Telephone: Head office: 036-690141, 9841746555, 9743006441

Branch: 01-5570187, 9841746555 Fax: Head office: 036-420600, Branch: 01-5570187 (request) Email: [email protected] Collaborating organizations:

District Livestock Service Office, Khotang

Start Date: 1 Srawan 2066 End Date: 30 Ashad 2069 Project Cost: Rs. 19,88,133 Location of Project: Arkhoule, Nunthala, Buipa, Nerpa, Chiuridada, Ratanchha, Temma,

Dadagaoun, Chhorumbu, Diktel, Bamrang, Khalle, Laphyang VDC of Khotang district.

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Among 55 districts of middle hills of Nepal, Khotang comes as 3rd in pig population. Rais, Dalit and other Janajatis who are majority in the district keep pig as essential livestock for traditional rituals as well as cash income. Lack of a reliable resource centre for the production and supply of improved breed had been the main constraint of pig farming in Khotang. Keeping this in view Khotang Development Forum (here in after KDF) had proposed a project to NARDF during the year 2008/09.

Project Objective This project was designed with the objective of establishing a district level and 10 village level resource centres for improved breed production and supply of pig in Khotang district. Project Beneficiaries Women and pig farmers of Arkhoule, Buipa, Nunthala, Chiuridanda, Nerpa, Ratanchha, Temma, Dadagaon, Chhorumbu, Chipring, Diktel, Bamrang, Laphyang and Khalle VDCs of Khotang district. Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs)

• District level Pig Resource Centre would have been established at Nahima Agriculture Resource Centre of Khalle VDC-1, Khotang district.

• VDC level Pig Resource Centre would have been established in Arkhoule, Buipa, Nunthala, Chiuridanda, Nerpa, Ratanchha, Temma, Dadagaon, Chhorumbu and Chipring VDCs of Khotang district.

• 200 families would have been trained in improved pig raising in 14 VDCs of Khotang. • Stories of successful improved pig raisers would have been aired through local FM radio and other

media. Up scaling pathways

• Broadcasting information through local FM Radio stations about the district and VDC level pig resource centres and availability of improved breed in the resource centres.

• Airing of successful stories of successful farmers through local FM radio stations. • Sharing information with NGOs, government institutions, farmers groups etc about the resource

centres and availability of improved breeds. Synopsis of Project Status

• District level resource centre has been established with improved shed at Nahima Agriculture Resource Centre, Khalle-1, Khotang district. Eight female and 1 male pig of Pakhribas Black breed and 2 female and 1 male pig of Hempshire breed have been raised in the centre. All female pigs have


produced second generation of piglets and 40 piglets of first generation have been distributed to the 20 resource farmers of 10 VDCs and more than 60 piglets have been distributed to improved pig raising farmers of Khotang. Two males have been providing services to the female pigs kept by farmers around Khalle, Laphyang, Diktel and Bamrang VDC of Khotang. The performance of Hempshire male is has not been satisfactory, therefore this will be replaced by other male. The pedigree records are also being kept in the centre.

• Establishment of 10 VDC level pig resource centres have been completed in Khotang district. 20 women farmers two each from one VDC have been trained and provided with 2 female piglets. 10 women farmers have been given one each male piglet for male service of 10 VDC pig farmers. The resource females have started producing piglets in all 10 VDCs and piglets are being distributed within the district.

• 120 farmers have been trained from 8 VDCs in improved pig raising for meat production at the farmers own villages. Distribution of improved piglets for trained farmers have been continued. So far 80 piglets have been distributed.

• Records of the successful farmers are being collected. Pedigree records are being kept in the district agriculture centre.

Targeted Outputs: Output 1 : A district level improved piglet production and service resource centre established in Khalle

VDC of Khotang district. Output 2 : 10 VDC level improved piglet production and service resource centre established in 10

VDCs of Khotang district. Output 3 : 200 improved breed raising farmers trained and assisted for meat production in 14 VDCs of

Khotang district. Output 4 : Success stories documented and aired through local FM stations and video film and leaflets

also prepared. Activities undertaken

Activities Activity status Remarks 1.1 Establishment of district

level pig resource centre 1.2 Pedigree record keeping

in the district resource centre

• District pig resource centre established and well servicing where facilities such as 12 improved pig sheds constructed at KDF centre for 10 sows and 2 boars (8 sows of Pakhribas black, 2 sows of Hemshire and 2 boars one each of Pakhribas black and Hempshire)

• Source of sows and boars are mostly from NARC Tarahara but 3 sows of Pakhribas black were replaced from among the local mixed breed.

• First litter piglets were born and distributed to resource farmers of 10 VDCs. The second litter piglets have been distributed to pig raisers for meat. Two males are providing services in the local area of Khalle, Laphyang, Diktel and Bamrang VDCs. The Hempshire male is not performing well, it will be replaced.

• The work of pedigree recording is continuing in the centre

Delay in obtaining piglets due to time synchronization. Growth was slow due to poor breed and local feed. 3 females of Pakhribas was replaced by local source due to poor quality breed received from Tarahara. There was delay also in implementation due to Nepal Band and other problems.


Activities Activity status Remarks 2.1 Establishment of VDC

resource centre in 10 VDCs.

2.2: Training of 20 resource

farmers for improved piglet production

• Establishment of 10 VDC level resource centres have been completed and production of piglets of improved breed have been going on in the resource centres.

• 20 women farmers were trained and provided with 35 improved female pig of Pakhribas black 5 of Hemshire breed and also 10 male pig breeds (2 of Hemshire) also were provided.

Piglet production delayed in the district centre due to delay in obtaining the piglet from NARC Tarahara centre and also replacement of breed by local source.

3.1 Formation of farmer groups in 14 VDCs

8 groups have been formed in 8 VDCs.

3.2. Training of 200 farmers from 14 VDCs

One hundred twenty farmers from 8 groups have been trained.

4.1. Monitoring of farmers raising improved pigs and producing piglets

Monthly basis monitoring is conducted.

4.2. Documentation and distribution of successful stories of pig farmers

Materials have been collected for airing and distribution.

4.3. Sharing of project experiences with concerned agencies and institutions

This will be done in 3rd year of the project

4.4. Preparation and submission of final report

Will be done at the end of the project

Achievements • The project has started and moving in the right direction despite of many Nepal Band,

communication, and transportation, and poor breed problems. There have been delays in the early stage but it may not take more than 6 moths extra to complete the project.

• Construction of 12 modern pig sheds has been completed at the district resource centre Khalle. All pigs are being housed in the newly constructed sheds.

• Nine piglets were bought from National Agriculture Research Council (NARC), Tarahara centre out of which three did not perform satisfactorily so all three were replace by the early stock raised at the KDF Nahima centre Khalle. At this stage there are 10 sows (8 Pakhribas black and 2 Hempshire) and 2 boar one each-Pakhribas black and Hempshire making a total of 12 pigs in the district resource centre. The pigs have produce first, second, third litter piglets and they have been distributed to the resource farmers of 10 VDCs and pig meat producers of 14 VDCs. The district resource centre is located in Khalle VDC-1 which is 2 kilometres away from the district headquarters Diktel Bazar.

• Formation of women groups in 10 VDCs have been completed for establishing VDC level improved pig resource centre and 40 female piglets and 10 male piglets have been distributed to 20 farmers. Out of 20 farmers 10 farmers raise 2 sows and 1 boar. The farmers were provided 50% subsidy on piglets price.

• Training of 120 out of 200 farmers have been completed at their own VDCs. More training and providing improved piglets will be done in the coming days.

• Pedigree recording of pigs is being done in the district resource centre. The centre is providing maize based feed which is feasible and usual practice among the farmers of Khotang district. Due to this feeding practice the growth of pigs has not been as it should have been if proper feed were provided.


Project Title: Development of fisheries enterprises for livelihood

improvement of freed Kamaiyas and women along the highway corridor in far western development region, Nepal

Project No: NARDF PP-626/2008/09Project Coordinator: Mr. Jay Dev Bista Address: Agriculture Research Station (Fish), Pokhara,

P.O. Box 274, Kaski, Nepal, Telephone: Tel: (061): 560089, 462004,560825 Fax: 061-560825 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations:

Fisheries Research Division (FRD), Godawari, Lalitpur Agriculture Development Office (ADO), Kanchanpur Agriculture Development Office (ADO), Kailali District Development Committee (DDC), Kailali & Kanchanpur Siddhanath Fisheries and Agriculture Farmer Group (SFAFG), Daiji-1, Kanchanpur

Start Date: September 2009 End Date: August 2011 Project Cost: NRs: 19,89,500 only Location of Project: Kanchanpur and Kailali district (VDCs in highway corridor

of Kailali and Kanchanpur District)

Project Summary The aim of the project was poverty alleviation of Kamaiya and women of mid and far western development region through involving them in fisheries enterprises developed in wetland and road side ditches along the highway corridors of the region. Fisheries enterprises with extensive and semi-intensive technologies by taking advantage of vast unemployed poor communities as social input and ideal natural aquatic resources (wetlands) would contribute to food security and poverty alleviation of the society.

Community formation, capacity building through training, visit and interaction, and establishment and operation of fisheries enterprise along the highway corridor were the major activities of the project. Direct involvements of 300 households belong to the Kamaiya and rural women under 10 groups were a focus point of this project. The overall output of the project was development of fisheries enterprises by involving freed kamaiya and women, the weaker section of the society, for their livelihood enhancement, employment and income generation. The project mainly focused on transfer/adoption of technology and sustainable supply of fish seeds. Therefore, the projects facilitated the target community to establish fish seed production and nursing facilities, deliver knowledge on fish seed production and linkage of value chain market to dispose their final products, i.e. fish seed and marketable fish.

The project also developed uptake and scaling up pathways through the development of publicity materials of model fisheries enterprise. The results of the project are highly relevant to NARDF for verification and application in wider geographical regions of the country having similar socioeconomic and natural environment to supplement the national goal of poverty reduction.

Background

Mid and far western development regions of Nepal are characterized by high level of poverty, low human development, high gender disparity and low gender empowerment. Besides, caste-based social exclusion, high maternal and infant mortality, illiteracy, subsistence agricultural economy, high dependency on natural resources for livelihoods manifest the socio-economic, cultural and environmental complexions. The far and mid western region are not only the least developed areas, but also the most neglected areas in the country’s development efforts (UNESCO, 2006). Two Terai districts of Far West - Kailali and Kanchanpur have notably high population growth rates with 3.89 per cent and 3.82 per cent respectively ((ISRC, 2008). Economic growth of the region has not been improved substantially overtime. A significant proportion of the population still lives below subsistence level and faces food scarcity. A significant number of freed kamaiyas


household (freed bonded labour) settled in the region. Base (1995) estimates the 44944 and 14609 freed Kamaiyas out of the total 116309 lives in Kanchanpur and Kailali district, respectively. The freed kamaiya settled in highway corridor of far western region, belonging to Tharu community, are deprived of social status, land - resources and property. Women make up about 49.3% (0.66 million projected for 2009) populations of Kailali and Kanchanpur districts (ISRC, 2008). At the community level, social and religious norms and taboos continue to prevail and constrain the activities of women, especially in poor community, in far western development region. The consequence is that the status of women in the region continues to be low.

The region, although poor in terms of employment and income generation of poor community, is endowed with rich natural resources such as wetland, marginal swampy lands and road side ditches in long stretch of highway corridors. Wetland resources are abundant (60% of the Terai’s wetland) in mid and far western region of Nepal (Bhandari, 1998). Corresponding to traditional knowledge and social characteristics, these water resources could be better utilized in fish farming enterprises by involving freed kamaiyas and woman group of the weaker community of the society. Most of the water resources in far western region are common property resources and local government has rights to control over the resources. Several wetlands are controlled by the users of community forest. Informal property rights (temporary ownership) over the water resources to these kamaiyas and woman community for developing fisheries enterprise would ensure the achievement of maintaining the resources, economic performance and the social needs. Hence, In order to maintain natural and socioeconomic integrity it is high time to involve and encourage these weaker communities in developing fisheries enterprise using common water resources which are more compatible to the traditional practice of sharing nature's wealth among them. With the involvement of kamaiyas and woman group in fish farming in ideal water resources lies in highway corridor of far western region would provide job and income opportunity, enhance livelihood, ensure food security and sustainable economic welfare for the most unprivileged section of the society.

Project Purpose/Objectives Given the poverty-reduction focus in wetland ecosystem and highway corridor of far western region of the country; the employment and income opportunity of rural poor have to be increased, and the availability and quality of food produced in rural areas need to be enhanced; through increased access to the production resources including ideal social capital, input supply, sustainable production methods, and efficient markets. The purpose of this project was to contribute to the efforts on poverty alleviation of freed kamaiya and women through the development of fisheries enterprises to achieve sustainable livelihoods, based on wetland and other local resources. The project focused on capacity development and creating employment opportunities through the development of fisheries enterprises for freed kamaiya, women, poor and individuals from socially excluded groups in Terai of far western development region. Likewise, the strong emphasis was given on conservation of wetland resources for sustainable utilization and contribution to the local economy.

This project was addressed the issues of poverty, income, unemployment, and food security, deprived, socially excluded communities, women, marginal farmers inhabited in road corridors. Environmentally friendly, simple and cost-effective fish farming technologies will be delivered to the targeted community to develop fishery based agro-enterprise by utilizing, restoring, conserving and managing the waste going lake-gholes, ditches and ecological niches of rice field.

The project developed fisheries enterprise in abundant wetlands and roadside ditches in far-western region of Nepal by involving the freed kamaiya deprived of production resources and women of poor section of the society in highway corridor to generate employment opportunities for increased income and enhancement of rural livelihoods. Basic mechanism for self-sustainable seed supply has been internalized in the enterprises. Under the proposed fisheries enterprise, activities like development of fishery in wetlands, intervention of aquaculture technology in roadside ditches (seasonal water) and establishment of fish seed supply facilities has been promoted through mobilization, capacity building and enhancing potential of traditional knowledge of socially marginalized communities (freed kamaiya) and women in Terai of far western development region. Emphasis was put on rehabilitation and conservation of environmentally deteriorating wetland resources in the region for long term prospective of community utilization through the preparation of biological and socio-economical database, empowerment of target community for resource ownership, and


development and implementation of conservation mechanism in participation with resource users. The project effort also was included the activities such as several publication, audio program and fisheries enterprise models to facilitate uptake and scale up of the community operated fisheries enterprise for employment and income opportunities to the rural poor in similar environment of other parts of the country.

Beneficiaries Direct beneficiaries from the project were more than 300 freed kamaiyas and women groups of poor section of the society by developing fisheries enterprises in common wetland resources in highway corridor of far western development region. They also felt the sense of ownership over the resources and enterprise and work jointly for their social and economical welfare. Local government also benefited with the less social and economic conflict because the weaker section of the society is in the process of securing livelihood strategy in the form of fisheries enterprise. Fish breeders, nursery operators, and other stake holders in value chain market were benefited with the increased fish seed and food fish supply in the market. Organization and institutions, researcher and extension workers also equally benefited with the dissemination of fish farming technologies and the essence of satisfaction while working with weaker section of the society. In general, whole society has been benefited with the increased socio-economic prosperity.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Following were the OVIs for the proposed project:

• At least 10 fisheries enterprises developed with applying 3 fish farming technologies at the end of project period by involving 300 Kamaiyas and women.

• At least 75% of the seed demand of fisheries enterprises under the project area fulfilled by internal sources at the end of project period.

• At least 5 wetlands rehabilitated and strengthened for conservation and utilization at the end of project period.

• At least 3 ways of publicity will be used to disseminate the technology in new sites.

Up-scaling Pathways The technological packages and model of fisheries enterprise in road side seasonal water and natural wetlands developed by the project would transfer using various media into suitable locations. The methodologies and approaches practiced within the project have been documented in various forms for dissemination in similar environment and communities of the country. During the project period pamphlet and booklet were published for documentation of the project findings. The working paper also has been published in national proceedings and efforts are continued to publish in international proceedings and journals for dissemination. By dissemination of the experiences gained by the project stakeholder (NGO, GO and communities) working on the area of fisheries development are expected to continue the technology and model for the sustainability of the fisheries enterprise in other parts of the country. Besides these, broadcasting of programs aired in radio and TV is expected to contribute on scaling up of the proposed methodological and development practices for enhancing fisheries enterprise through sustainable manner throughout the country in near future. Vertical as well as horizontal promotion pathways of the fisheries enterprise has further been broadened by elucidating policies in recommendations made in project final report.

Synopsis of Project Status It is estimated that 60% of total wetland area are located at mid and far western development region. Most of the wetland belongs to the local government. However, the wetlands are mostly unmanaged, and possess various environmental issues for their sustainability. These wetlands need immediate conservations measures. Recently, IUCN published a proposal on conservation strategy of wetlands proposing wetland should be conserved and utilized through local community participation. Therefore, the demand for project activities are high to conserve and utilize the waste going aquatic production resources lies in highway corridor of far western development region by involving socially and economically fragile rural community, the freed kamaiya and women, through the development of fisheries enterprise for the enhancement of rural livelihoods, more specifically economic empowerment of kamaiya and women. The project was expected to provide knowledge of sustainable use of resources to the target group, links development service provider in the value chain of fisheries enterprise and build strong linkage among target communities for the sustainability. It is expected that the project will increase at least 30% in income of at


least 30% of the rural poor, the kamaiya and the women, in highway corridor of the target districts of the project than the present level.

Targeted Outputs:

Following are the main output achieved as targeted by the project: 1. Fisheries enterprises by involving Kamaiya and women in highway corridor developed 2. Self-sustainable fish seed supply mechanism and marketing established 3. Environmentally deteriorating unexploited wetland resources sustainability rehabilitated and

strengthened 4. Findings of the project publicized


1.1 Review of traditional knowledge, skill, and social importance of fisheries for kamaiya and women community

Corresponding to traditional knowledge and social characteristics, these communities could be seen deeply busy in fishing activities with their traditional gears in wetlands along the highway in terai of far western development region. These water resources could be better utilized in fish farming enterprises by involving freed kamaiyas and woman group of the weaker community of the society. However, the fish catch outcomes are inconsistent, seasonal and insignificant even to supply family nutrition rather supplement to their livelihoods.

Activity is completed

1.2 Group formation and orientation homestead fish farming

There are many freed kamaiya camps in Kanchanpur and Kailali districts of far western region, where some camps are settled near the wetlands like small lakes and water logged ditches along the highway corridor. These water bodies could be feasible resources for aquaculture. Many Kamaiyas and Tharu ethnic community with some mixed community were found in Kanchanpur and Kailali. Among them few groups having water and pond/land resources were selected for supporting by the project. The feasible sites selected for implementing the program are; Daiji, Suda and in Kanchanpur. Likewise Sadepani, Sukhad, Darakh, Chaumala, Gauri Ganga, Chepkatla, Phulbari, Dhangadhi.


1.4 Interaction among local government, target community and local user group for resource ownership

Interaction meetings were organized with public resource stakeholders in participation with target kamaiya and women member to informally award the wetland resources and ditches for the targeted community. District Development Committee (DDC, and its village level government), Municipality, District Agriculture Development Offices, Forestry and District Road Office were the major stakeholders participated in interaction meetings with local targeted community. Meetings were focused on strengthening of existing community operating aquaculture/fishery activities in wetland and ditches through improved technological intervention.


1.5 Training for suitable small scale fish farming and integrated agro-fisheries

One-day on-the-spot training workshop for nearby and similar interest groups included in Kailali and Kanchanpur were organized. Participants were all together >150 members from different groups, delivered technological



and managerial aspects of small-scale fish farming and integrated agro-fisheries. Three-specific but demonstration type practical training as following was designed for different resource base communities:

A. Aquaculture in seasonal water (ditches in road side): Mainly common carp and grass carp with some indigenous major carps (rohu, naini and bhakur) were used in this purpose, which is a fast grower and hardy fish, can be grown in tough condition.

B. Small-scale pond fish farming in wetland buffer zone: Common carp, grass carp and other suitable species used in nearby constructed ponds by the project.

C. Orientation on fish farming in natural wetland (taal-ghol): Introduced cage culture and open water fisheries of herbivorous and other carp species.

1.6 Participatory response studies to select appropriate fish farming model for optimizing yield

Few sites were visited, observed and selected for small scale aquaculture, fish farming in natural lakes and aquaculture in seasonal ditches, for the model fish farming. According to the proposal, at least 10 groups/sites including 4 women groups have been selected for the purpose. The choices of three models have been depended upon the traditional knowledge and interest of target community, and the local availability/affordability of inputs required for the sustainable fish farming system. The project managed stocking materials (fish seed, fishing nets, partly feed and relevant technical supports). For these purpose groups have been supported technically and financially. Participatory response studies were carried out at the selected farmer’s/group’s ponds in Kanchanpur and Kailali district. Mainly carp fish ( Common carp, Bighead carp, Silver carp, Grass carp, Rohu, Naini, Bhakur) seeds were managed and supplied to the selected fish farmers group for stocking materials (fish seed, fishing nets, partly feed and relevant technical supports). Technical and financial supports were provided to the Mukta Kamaiya groups for pond renovation, dike, outlet/inlet, depth of the pond repaired. Plastic sheets were provided to the Gauriganga mukta kamaiya sibir, in Kailali district for pond renovation and spreading in 25 cm depth of the fish pond for control water leaching problem. The production and productivity along with simple cost-benefit will be assessed for each model in reference to management easiness and system internalization by the community.


1.7 Exposure visit to successful model projects for moral boasting and stimulation

Exposure visit of fisheries farmers groups were involved in different location of fish culture activities. The major objectives were organized by the project to enhance the knowledge of associated targeted communities. In the visits were organized and selected the fish farmers from

Activity is completed.


Kanchanpur and Kailali district in areas where community/cooperative operated successful aquaculture enterprise already exists in Terai of far western development region. The total number of participant from 12 groups were 20 fish leader farmers including more than 50% women participants were visited inter-farmers pond fish ponds and natural ghols of Kailali and Kanchanpur district. This exposure viested program was organized in this trimester.

1.8 Workshop/interaction on different aspect of fish culture and wetland conservation and use through communities

A Workshop entitled "Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wetlands Resources for Livelihoods" was organized. Total five (5) papers were presented on review and future perspectives specifically regarding the wetland's importance and present status, effort of fisheries activities through community on wetlands utilization and future need for sustainable use with involvement of nearby deprived communities, mukta kamaiyas, and womenn groups. Altogether 47 participants from related target/women groups (17 fisheries entrepreneurs groups) of the project area and relevant stakeholders such as District Agriculture Development Offices, Kailali and Kanchanpur, Regional Irriation Directorate, District Forest Office, Fisheries Research Centre, Pokhara, Fisheries Development Centre, Geta, Dhangadhi Municipality, Agriculture Development Bank, Helvetas, Dhangadhi, Ghodaghodi Munch were participated in the workshop. The workshop recommended enabling farmers to understand the performance of each group, managerial strategy for conservation and best utilization of the available/limited local resources in fisheries enterprise for generating income and self employment of the community.


2.2 Linkage of nursing facility and community fish growers

A meeting of the officers/staff from Fisheries Research Centre and the fish nursery operators was organized. Meeting decided to make linkage with the groups who have demand of fish seed and reviewed the present status of nurseries. Two key persons from each group were selected to make a network within the fish nursery operators and coordinate with other resource centres. The groups selected for fish nursing were Janasewa fisheries women group of Budiya tal at Sadepani and Janajyoti fisheries group, Dhangadhi Municipality-6, Kailali and Shiddhanath Agri and Fisheries Group, Daiji and Chaudhary Fish Nursery, Suda VDC in Kanchanpur district. The group's representative participated in seed management meetings were given responsibility for nursery management and distribution of fry to the other groups in surroundings. The key persons (fish seed care-taker) from each group would be responsible for timely arrangement of required number and species of fish fingerlings to their respective groups and timely manage the required hatchling from FDC or other resource centre.



2.3 Training for seed production technology of suitable fish species

One-day on-the-spot training were organized on fish seed production and nursing methods. One day training was organized to the Siddhanath fish farmers Daiji, Kanchanpur. In this training 31 farmers are participated both man and woman. Similarly same training was arranged to the Kailai district fisher farmers which as 25 number of Janasewa Woman Farmers Group of Budhiya Tal, 23 number of Chandravijuwa fish farmers group of Chandravijuwa tal and 35 number of Simrauwa fish farmers group of Simrauwa tal. The training was cover management of nursery ponds, stocking density, feeding management, water exchange and basic water quality, health care of baby fish, and harvesting and safe transportation of fish seed. Special focus will be concentrated on the problem encountered during nursery operation by the fish farmers.


2.4 Market channeling for fish seed and table fish

Market channeling of the fish seed and table fish production were coordinate in close cooperation with farmers group and fish dealers in Kailali and Kanchanpur district.


3.1 Literature review on socio-economics of wetland dependents

There is a high level of rural poverty in mid and far western region including low performance of the agricultural sector, high population growth, low mass literacy (about 28%), and inadequate efforts to utilize natural resources. Protein Energy malnutrition (PEM) is a chronic problem in the region. Women are frequently found to lack Vitamin A, iron, iodine and protein in their diet (IDRC, 2003). There is a lack of explicit policy and program formulation to reduce gender disparities. Livelihoods strategies of Freed kamaiya (bonded labour) are rather poor as they are deprived of any kind of production resources (land, job etc.). Freed kamaiyas, dalits and weaker section of other community are those having highest unemployment problems relative to other elite community of the society in far western development region. Freed kamaiya, most of them belongs to tharu community, posses traditional knowledge of fishing and to some extent fish farming. Resembling to the nature of poor community and their traditional skill, there are vast natural resources in the form of wetlands, ghols and ditches along the highway corridor lies ideal in terai of far western development region and high demand for adhering local poor community into these ideal production resources for enhancing employment and income to improve the livelihoods of these weaker groups through developing fisheries enterprise.


3.2 Training/ workshop on importance of wetland (Taal, Ghol) their conservation and wise use

One-day aquatic resource management training/workshop) was organized for the respective communities (wetland based groups). The training was delivered to develop a concept and skill about fisheries/aquaculture by utilizing, restoring, conserving and managing the unused lake-ghole resources to the targeted community without impairing the biodiversity and aquatic ecosystem. Seven-member from



five wetland depended groups (total 35 people, comprised of 50% women) were participated in the training.

3.3Environmental and biological study of wetlands and recommendation for improvement

Many lakes are unmanaged, flood problem due to no permanent/strong dam with screens and invaded with unwanted weeds such as water hyacinth and Besram (a plant by local name). Problems of these resources could be solved and be utilized by aquaculture with simple improvement and maintenance. Water quality and aquatic biodiversity also was studied during this trimester.


3.4 Development of conservation mechanism of wetland and surrounding biodiversity

Many wetlands in western terai have problems on conservation and sustainable use, due to ignorance in local community's participation. Some technological models of fisheries management in wetlands were developed. However, they have to face a set of basic issues such as technical, biological, social and economic questions that are critical to the outcome of the program. These management issues were addressed by correlating the outcomes of the review, survey and interaction/workshops participated by stakeholders and local communities (activities 1.8, 3.1 and 3.2). Environment friendly community based conservation mechanism for wetland management were developed including major components such as user's community responsibility for perceiving and implementation of the guidelines, fishing gear regulation, protection of spawning ground during breeding season of native species and exploring culture based fisheries without impairing wetland environmental integrity. Local communities are more responsible in conservation and wise use concept. So, the communities were made aware and educated to follow the rule, regulations, and code of conducts.


4.1 Preparation of brochure, pamphlet, poster on different aspects of fish farming in local language

A leaf-let on Tal, Ghol, Pond cum cage culture etc which can be used for rural community specially in flooded areas of wetlands and road side ditches, and conservation mechanism of wetland were developed through the project for enhancing awareness and scaling up of the fisheries enterprise model in the country.


4.2 Local language radio program on fish farming activities

Importance of Tal, Ghol, wetlands for livelihood improvement through fisheries enterprise as means for income generation of the rural poor was publicized on-air-visual media.


4.3 Final report of the project Final report was submitted compiling all the achievements of the project.



Following technologies were developed by the research projects: 1. Pond cum cage fish culture technology: With completion of the project a pond cum cage fish

culture technology was developed for flood plain area. This technology would be solved the present problem of flood plain area, where fish/fingerlings can be grown in the cages during rainy/flood season and it would be release in open pond in normal season. Mainly common carp and grass carp


with some indigenous major carps (rohu, naini and bhakur) were used in this purpose. Fast grower and hardy fish can be grown in tough condition.

2. Seasonal pond aquaculture in taal, ghol resources: Many taal and ghols are seasonal in far west, where water is filled during rainy/summer season and dries from late winter until spring. These water bodies refilled when the rainy season starts. Large size fingerlings are stocked when water filled up the taal and ghols and harvest take place before drying up. Common carp, grass carp and other suitable species can be used in nearby constructed ponds by the project, which is known as small-scale pond fish farming in wetland buffer zone.

3. Utilization of natural taal, ghol for fish production through community participation: Some of the taal and ghol wetlands are perennial, which do not dry during spring or dry season too. Many wetlands are handed over to outer personnel as contractors/party other than local people/group to use it. Although these many taal ghols are rich in water resources, these wetlands were not utilized properly and some found mismanaged. The project assisted to the local deprived community such as mukta kamaiya, tharu and women the weaker section of the society. Few wetlands were utilized with conservation in a participatory approach with local community and women group and introduced cage culture and open water fisheries of herbivorous and other carp species.

4. Community based fish nursery management: The fish nursery farmer/groups ( in Kailali and Kanchanpur district) based on potential resources (land and water) were developed as integrated fish seed nursery with fisheries enterprise. Two new nursery ponds with a size of 200 m2 for the nursery group were constructed for self substantiated supply of fish seed.


Project Title: bf]nvf–l;+u6L—nfdfju/ ;8s bfofF–afofF gd'gf ufO{kfng ;xof]u sfo{qmdProject No: 627//2008/09 Project Coordinator: 8f=/fds'df/ sfsL{Address: bf]nvf b'Uw pBf]u lnld6]8, rl/sf]6, bf]nvf Telephone: )$( –$@!)@) Fax:

Email: [email protected] / [email protected] Collaborating organisations: lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, bf]nvf

lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, bf]nvf lhNnf b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, bf]nvf lsi6 a}+s ln=, sf7df08f}+ lqj]0fL b'Uw pTkfbg ;xsf/L ;+:yf, ;':kfIfdfjtL, bf]nvf

Start Date: @)^^ kf}if End Date: @)^( d+l;/ Project Cost: ?= *@,$*,^#! Location of Project: bf]nvf lhNnf, ;':kfIfdfjtL uflj;

Project Summary

cfof]hgfsf] ;f+/fz lglh tyf ;fj{hlgs ;fem]bf/L kxndf ;+rflnt bf]nvf b'Uw pBf]u ln=sf] ;+of]hg / ls:6 j}+ssf] C0f nufgLdf bf]nvf lhNnf leq pGgt ufO{{{{{{{ -h;L{=,xf]ln:6]g,a|fpg:jL;_x?sf] ljsf; u/L b"w pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf clej[l4 Nofpg] k|of; ljut s]xL jif{ b]lv cleofgsf] ?kdf z'? ePsf] 5 . tyfkL b"wsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf ck]lIft j[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ls;fgx?sf] egfO{ cg';f/ pGgt ufO{x? aflx/af6 NofP/ klg ck]lIft b"w pTkfbg ug{ ;lsPg . ufO{x? yf/f /xg], afemf] j:g] h:tf ;d:ofx? b]lvPsf 5g\ . o;sf] d'n sf/0f ls;fgx?df ufO{kfng ;DjGwL cfw'lgs 1fg h:t}M– uf]7sf] lgdf{0f / Aoj:yfkg, cfxf/ bfgf tyf 3fF;sf] Aoj:yfkg, :jf:Yof]krf/, gZn ;'wf/ / k|hgg jf/]df cfwf/e"t 1fg, ;Lk, k|ljlw / cEof; gx'g' xf] . o;y{ bf]nvf lhNnfsf s[ifsx?nfO{ cfw'lgs ufO{kfng k|0ffnLsf] k|;f/ tyf k|jw{gsfnflu bf]nvf–l;++u6L–nfdfau/ ;8s ;':kf IfdfjtL v08 bfofF jfofFsf] If]qnfO{ hDdf % pkIf]qdf ljefhg u/L s[ifs tflnd tyf cg'lzIf0f, :ynut cjnf]sg e|d0f, gZn ;'wf/ tyf s[lqd uef{wfg s]Gb«sf] :yfkgf, 3fF; tyf cfxf/f, gd"gf uf]7sf] lgdf{0f, b"w ;+sng s]Gb|sf] ;'wf/ h:tf lqmofsnfkx? ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgf d'ntM cfw'lgs k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, k"a{wf/ lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u, b'UwhGo pTkfbgsf] ahf/ la:tf/ tyf Aoa;flos clek]|/0ffsf] If]qdf s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 .

o; cfof]hgfaf6 bf]nvf–l;++u6L ;8s ;':kf IfdfjtL v08 bfofF jfofFsf !@% ls;fg kl/jf/sf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtf /x]sf]5 / plgx?g} o; cfof]hgfaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf 5g . ck|ToIf ?kdf o; cfof]hgfsf] ;kmn sfo{fGjogaf6 bf]nvf pQ/sf @! Uffla;sf] kz'kfngdf cfa4 ls;fgx? ;d]t nfeflGjt ePsf5g\ . o; cfof]hgfsf] ;+rfngn] lbuf] ul/lj lgjf/0f / jftfj/0f ;++/If0fdf ;xof]u k'Ufsf]] 5 . cGttM ufO{ kfng k|0ffnLsf] k|;f/ / k|ljlwsf] x:tfGt/0fdf ;xof]u k'lu b"w pTkfbgdf Aofks j[l4 eO{ ls;fgx?sf] cfo :t/ j9fpg / cfw'lgs k|ljlwo'Qm gd'gf ufO{kfng sfo{sf] la:tf/df o; cfof]hgf sf]z] 9'Ëf ;fljt ePsf] 5 .

cfof]hgfsf] k[i7e"ld

bf]nvf ufO{kfng Aoj;fosf nflu xfjfkfgL, tfkqmd, >f]t ;fwgsf] pknAwtf / jhf/sf] kxF'rtfsf] b[li6sf]0fn] pko'Qm lxdfnL lhNnf xf] . o; lhNnfsf] sl/j *)Ü sfo{lzn hgzlQm cem} lgjf{xd'lv tyf k/Dk/fut s[lif k]zfdf lqmoflzn 5 . h;sf] kl/k'/s Aoa;fo kz' kfng tyf b'Uw pTkfbg /x]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] s'n u|fo:y pTkfbgsf] ^)Ü kz' kfng tyf b'Uw pTkfbgn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . o;y{ ;+o'St /fi6« ;+l3o ljsf; sf]if (UNDP) sf] ;DefAAotf cWoogsf] cfwf/df lglh ;fj{hlgs ;fem]bf/L cjwf/0ff cg'?k ls;fgx?n] :yflgo :t/df pTkfbg u/]sf] b"wnfO{ Aofj;flos sf/f]jf/df NofO{ lhNnfsf] ;du| ljsf;df ;xof]u k'/¥ofpg] pb]Zon] @)%^ ;fndf bf]nvf b'Uw pBf]u lnld6]8sf] :yfkgf ulPsf] lyof] . k/Gt' sRrf b"wsf] ;+sngsf] dfqf cToGt Go'g /xof] . b"w pBf]u ln=sf] k|zf]wg Ifdtf w]/} / b"w ;+sng yf]/} ePsf sf/0f b'Uw pBf]u ln=3f6f tkm{ cf]/fnf] nfUof] . h'g k|lqmof clxn] ;Dd hf/L 5 . o;f] x'g glbg b"w pTkfbgdf j[l4 ug'{ ckl/xfo{ 5 . o;y{ lglh tyf ;fj{hlgs ;fem]bf/L kxndf :yflkt bf]nvf b'Uw pBf]u lnld6]8sf] ;++of]hg Pj+ ls:6 j+}ssf] ;xof]udf bf]nvf lhNnfsf ls;fgx?nfO{ pGgt hftsf ufO{x? vl/b u/L b"w pTkfbg j[l4sf] nflu ;'ne Aofh b/df laut b'O{ jif{ b]vL C0f k|jfx eO{ /x]sf] 5 . bf]nvf b'Uw pBf]u ln=sf] l;kmfl/;df clxn] ;Dd *),#(,%)).=C0f


k|jfx eO{ #)! pGgt ufO{x? / e};Lx? lhNnf lelqPsf 5g\ . sf7df07f}, eQmk'/ / nlntk'/ lhNnfsf ljleGg uf=lj=;af6 pGgt ufO{ vl/b u/L bf]nvf lhNnfsf ;':kf IfdfjtL, ;'Gb«fjtL, ;'gvfgL nufotsf uf=lj=;x?df pGgt ufO{x? Nofpg] s||d j9\bf] 5 .

pGgt ufO{x?sf] kfng kf]if0f, 3fF; bfgfsf] plrt Aoj:yf, uf]7sf] ;'wf/ / cf}ifwf]krf/sf] 1fg / ;Lk gxF'bf ls;fgx?n] pGgt ufO{jf6 ck]lIft b"wsf] pTkfbg lng ;s]sf 5}gg\ . pGgt ufO{x? yf/f /xg], b'Anfpg] / sd b"wlbg] ;d:ofx? /x]sf 5g\ . o;n] ls;fgdf ufO{kfng Aoj;fo k|lt cfsif{0f k}bf x'g ;s]g . ls;fgx?df cfw'lgs ufO{ kfng ljz]iftM pGgt ufO{kfng ;DjGwL 1fg / ;Lk sd ePsf sf/0f ufO{kfng Aoj;fosf] k|jw{gdf ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 . ctM of] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;':kf IfdfjtL uf=lj=; v08sf] bf]nvf l;+u6L nfdfju/ ;8s If]qnfO{ gd'gf >f]t If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; u/L emf/3fF;÷8fn]3fF; v]tL, gZn ;'wf/ / s[lqd uef{wfg s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf,gd'gf uf]7sf] lgdf{0f, ;+sng s]Gb|sf] ;'wf/, cf}ifwL tyf bfgf s]Gb|sf] Aoj++:yf ug'{ h?/L 5 . kl/0ffdtM b"wsf] pTkfbgdf a[l¢ x'g], k|ljlwsf] k|bz{gL / x:tfGt/0fdf ;xof]u k'Ug], :yflgo :t/df g} pGgt ufO{, jf5f jf5Lsf] pknAwtf / cfw'lgs kz'kfngsf] k|ltsf] clek|]/0ffsf] gd'gf ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] ?kdf k|efjsf/L cleofgsf] yfngL x'g]5 .

;':kf IfdfjtL ufla; bf]nvf lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd rl/sf]6b]lv !# ls=dL pQ/ k'a{tkm{ bf]nvf l;u6L ;8sdf cal:yt 5 . of] ufla;sf] klZrddf led]Zj/ gu/kflnsf, k'a{df ;'Gb|fjtL / pQ/df sflnGrf]s ufla; blIf0fdf tfdfsf]zL /x]sf 5g . yfdL hftLsf] afx'Notf /x]sf] o; ufla;df hDdf *$* 3/w'/L dWo] yfdLx? %#) 3/w'/Ldf /x]sf 5g . a];LDkf, 8f]nfuFfp, bfd/fª / kmf;]n'ª s'l;kf cflb o; ufla;sf k|d'v yfdL al:tx? x'g . ;d'Gb|L ;txaf6 !#)) dL b]lv #$)) dL= ;Dd km}lnPs]f / ;/b/ Go'gtd # l8u|L b]lv clwstd @) l8u|L ;]G6Lu|]8 tfkqmd /xg] o; ufla;sf] s'n If]qkmn @! au{ ls=dL dWo] (*$ x]S6/ h+unn] 9fs]sf] 5 . oxfsf dflg;x?sf] s[lif kl5sf] bf];|f] Aoa;fo kz'kfng g} /x]sf]5 . :yflgo :t/df s[lif tyf kz'kfng ;DalGw !# j6f s[ifs ;d'xx? ;fd'bfoLs ?kdf sfo{/t 5g . of] ufla; b'w tyf t/sf/L pTkfbg ks]6 If]qsf] ?kdf /xsf] 5 / ;f]xL cg'?ksf sfo{ cuf8L al9/x]sf 5g . k/Dk/fut kz'kfngsf] z}nL / k|rngnfO{ cfw'lgs tyf Aoa;flosLs/0f tkm{ nfg g;Sbf kz'kfng s]an lgaf{xfd'lv u'h/fsf] ca:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . bf]nvf 8]/Lsf] kxndf o; ufla;df pTkflbt b'w ;+sng ug{ ;+sngs]Gb| :yfkgf tyf Joj;foLs b'w pTkfbg a[l4sf nflu lalQo ;+:yfx?af6 C0f nufgLsf] Aoj:yf, kz' ladfsf] Aoa:yf / kz'kfns ls;fgx?sf] Plss[t ;xsfo{sf nflu lqa]0fL b'Uw ;xsf/Lsf] u7g / pTkfbgsf] ahf/Ls/0fdf ;d]t ;fy lbb} cfPsf] 5 . lk5l8Psf] yfdL nufot cGo hftLx?sf] hLagz}nLdf ;'wf/ ug{, pknAw lghL tyf ;fd'bflos ag If]qsf] ;|f]tsf] plrt k|of]u tyf ahf/sf] ;xh kx'Frn] ubf{ o; ufla;sf] /fd|f] ;+efjgf af]s]sf] Aoa;fo kz'kfngg} xf] . uflj; a:t'ut ljj/0f cg';f/ o; ufla;df ufO{ e};Lsf] ;+Vof !&#) /x]s]f 5 , o; dWo #% j6f pGgt h;L{ tyf xf]ln:6Lg ufO{x? ;d]t lelqosf 5g . h; dWo % j6f d/] / & j6f yf/f /x]] . b'wsf] pTkfbg b}lgs ^) ln6/ /x]sf] 5 . pk/f]Qm tYoaf6 of] k|dfl0ft x'G5 ls pGgt ufO{ kfngsf] 1fg / k|ljlwsf] cefjdf o; uflj;df b'wsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o; uflj;nfO{ lsi6 a}+ssf] C0f nufgLaf6 !@% j6f yk pGgt ufO{ vl/b ug]{ / xfn ePsf kz'x?df gZn ;'wf/ u/L ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] ?kdf lasf; ul/g' kg]{ cfaZos 5 . h:sf nflu k|ljlwsf] x:tfGt/0f h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 .

cfof]hgfsf] pb]Zo

d'nt M cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo lgDgfg';f/ to ul/Psf] 5 .

!= b"w pTkfbg a[l¢sf nflu bf]nvf–l;+u6L–nfdfau/ ;8s ;':kf IfdfjtL v08sf] bfofF–afofFsf If]qx?nfO{ gd'gf ;|f]t If]qsf] ?kdf k|jw{g u/L ls;fgx¿ ljr ufO{ kfng ;DalGw 1fg / k|ljlwsf] x:tfGt/0f ug]]{ .

@= cfw'lgs ufO{kfng k|0ffnLsf] k|fljlws 1fg tyf ;Lksf] la:tf/df cfwf/e't k"a{wf/sf ;fy} ufO{kfngd}qL jftfj/0f lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u ug]{ .

#= cfw'lgs ufO{kfngaf6 clwstd nfe lnO{ cfocfh{gsf] dfWofdaf6 hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ ug]{ tkm{ :yflgo kz'kfns ls;fgx?df clek|]/0ff hufpg] tyf k|ljljwsf] k|rf/k|;f/ ug]{ .

$= cfw'lgs ufO{kfngsf] If]qdf k|efjsf/L ;xeflutf a[l4 ul/ Aoa;flos kz'kfng, u'0f:tl/o pTkfbg / ahf/ Aoj:yfkgsf] sfo{df ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df ;xof]u ug]{ .

nlIft÷ nfeflGjt ;d"x bf]nvf l;+u6L ;8ssf] ;':kf IfdfjtL v08sf] bfofFjfofFdf cal:yt k|f/Dedf k|ToIf ?kdf !@% 3/w'/Lsf ls;fgx? lar of] cfof]hgf sfo{Gjog x'g]5 . pQm ;':kf IfdfjtL ;8s v08sf] bfofFjfFofsf] If]qnfO{ % j6f pkIf]qdf ljeflht u/L ls;fgx?nfO{ @% ;b;Lo a/fa/ ! ;d'xdf ;+u7Lt % ;d'x agfO{ uf]7 lgdf{0f, gZn ;'wf/ tyf k|hgg\ ljsf;, 3fF; tyf


bfgfsf] Joj:yf, cf}iflw pkrf/ nufPtsf 1fg tyf lzkx?, pknAw u/fpbf o; If]qsf !@% 3/w'/Lsf o; cfof]hgfaf6 k|ToIf k|lzlIft tyf nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ . Objectively Varifiable Indicators

!= bf]nvf l;+u6L —nfdfju/ ;8s ;':kf IfdfjtL v08sf] bfofF jfofF If]qx?sf % ;d"xsf hDdf !@% kl/jf/n] ufO{kfng tyf b'Uw Joj;fo ;DaGwL cfwf/e't cg'lzIf0f, cjnf]sg e|d0f tyf tflnd k|fKt u/L !@% j6f uf]7 ;'wf/,!@% j6f pGgt ufO{kfng, / % j6f gz{/L ^@% /f]klgdf 3fF; v]tL u/Lg]5 .

@= of] cfof]hgf ;+rfngsf nflu ! hgf kz' sfo{stf{nfO{ gZn ;'wf/ tyf s[ltd uef{wfg ;DalGw tfnLd lbnfO{ cg'Tkfbs ufO{sf] ;§f pGgt ufO{sf nflu gZn ;'wf/ sfo{qmd ;+rfngf ul/g] 5 .

#= of] cfof]hgf ;+rfngn] %)) ln Ifdtfsf] b"w lrZofg s]Gb| :yfkgfe} b'wsf] u'0f:t/df ;'wf/, pTkfbg tyf ;+sngdf ;xhePsf] x'g]5 .

$= of] cfof]hgf ;+rfngn] lsi6 a}+ssf] ;xof]udf v/Lb u/LPsf !@% j6f pGgt ufO{sf] :jf:Yo pkrf/sf nflu ! cf}iflw k;n / kf]if0fsf nflu ! bfgf k;n :yfkgf ul/Psf]5 .

%= s[ifsx?n] kfng u/]sf ufO{x?sf] gZn ;'wf/ ug{sf nflu s[lqd uef{wfg s]Gb| -P=cfO{=;]G6/ _ :yfkgf ePsf] x'g]5 .


Targeted Outputs:

!= bf]nvf–l;+u6L—nfdfju/ ;8s ;':kf IfdfjtL v08sf] bfofF jfofF If]qx?sf % ;d"xsf hDdf !@% ls;fg kl/jf/n] ufO{kfng tyf b'Uw Joj;fo – uf]7 ;'wf/, pGgt ufO{kfng / b'wsf] u'0f:t/, kz' cf}ifwL, kz'cfxf/f pGgt hftsf 3fF;x?sf] v]tL _ ;DaGwL cfwf/e't cg'lzIf0f tyf tflnd k|fKt ug]{5g\ . % j6f ;d'xdf hDdf % j6f ;'wf/LPsf] gd'gf uf]7 / !@) ls;fgsf] ;'wf/LPsf] uf]7 x'g]5 .

@= cfof]hgf If]qsf % ;d'xsf @÷@ hgf u/L !|) s[ifsx?nfO{ pGgt hftsf ljleGg gZnsf ufO{x?sf] af/]df ;fy} s[lqd ue{wfg k|s[of / o;sf af/]df Wofg lbg'kg]{ laifodf Aojxf/Ls 1fg, cf}ifwL tyf pkrf/, tflnd k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . cfof]hgf If]qsf ls;fgx?af6 Ps ;d'xdf Pp6f g;{/L tyf k|lt kl/jf/ % /f]kgLsf b/n] lglh hldgdf tyf ;fd'bfoLs jgdf 3fF; v]lt ul/Psf]] x'g]5 .

# bf]nvf–l;+u6L—nfdfju/ ;8s ;':kf IfdfjtL v08sf] bfofF jfofF If]qx?sf % ;d"xsf hDdf !@% ls;fg kl/jf/n] !@%j6f pGgt ufO{kfng u/L b'w ljqmL af6 cfkmgf] cfocfh{g j[4L ug]{5g\ .

#= cfof]hgf If]qsf pGgt ufO{x?sf] :jf:Yo pkrf/sfnflu kz' :jf:Yo pkrf/ ;DjlGw slDtdf #% lbg] u|fld0f kz' :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ tflndkfO{ cg'ej k|fKt ! hgf JolQmnfO{ kz'k+lIf cf}iflw Joj;fo tflnd lbnfOPsf]] 5 . pQm JolQm tflnd k|fKte} kms]{ kl5 lhDd]jf/L lbO{ g:n ;'wf/ s]Gb| Pj+ kz'cf}iflw s]Gb«sf] :yfkgf tyf ;+rfng ePsf] x'g]5 . ;fy} ;+t'lnt kz' cfxf/sf nflu bfgf kznsf] klg :yfkgf ePsf] x'g]5 .

$= cfof]hgf If]q cGt/ut kg{] ;':kf IfdfjtL uf=lj=; j8f g+ $ bf]nvf l;+u6L ;8sf] 5]pdf /x]sf] lqj]0fL b'Uw ;+sng s]Gb«sf] ef}lts cj:yfsf] u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg To; b"w ;+sng s]Gb|df %)) ln Ifdtfsf] b"w lr:ofg s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ePsf] x'g]]5 .

lj:tf/ k|lqmof (Up scaling Pathways)

o; cfof]hgf bf]nvf l;+u6L nfdfau/ ;8s bfofF afofF v08sf] ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf nfu" ul/g] eP tfklg xfnnfO{ ;f] ;8s v08 cGtu{t ;':kfIfdfjtL uflj; v08df dfq ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . t;y{ o; cfof]hgfnfO{ ;f] ;8s v08 cGtu{t kg]{ cGo uflj;df klg ljleGg r/0fdf qmdz nfu" ub}{ nlug] 5 . ;f] sfo{sf] nflu yk ah]6sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . ;fy} xfnsf] kl/of]hgfdf ufO v/Lb ubf{ cGo If]qaf6 NofOg] ePklg IfdfjtL uflj;df gd"gf ufOkfng ;DkGg eO;s]kl5 cGo v08df sfo{qmd lj:tf/ ubf{ ;f]xL gd"gf If]qsf] ;|f]tnfO{ pkof]u ul/g] 5 . h:tf] ls pGgt hftsf ufO cfk"lt{ ;f]xL If]qaf6 ul/g]5 . cfjZos hgzlQm, bfgf, 3fF; h:tf ufOkfngsf ckl/xfo{ lrhx? oxL If]qdf pknAw x'g] x'gfn] ufOkfng cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogdf ;xhtf x'g] 5 . t/ oxfF ;f]rgLo s'/f s] 5 eg] yk cfof]hgfx? qmdz nfu" ub}{ hfgsf] nflu cfjZos sfo{x? h:t} pGgt ufOkfng ;DaGwL hfgsf/Lx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ u/L s[ifsx?nfO{ pGgt ufOkfng sfo{df pTk|]l/t u/fpg] sfo{x? klg ;Fu} ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . o;sf] nflu sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfosf] ;fy} ;xof]uL lgsfosf] klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xG5 .


o; cfof]hgfaf6 ;DalGwt If]qsf ls;fgx? kz'kfngnfO{ Joa;flos ?kdf ;~fng u/L o;af6 cfly{s ?kdf ;DkGg x'g]5g\ . h;af6 cGo uflj;df klg of] sfo{qmd lj:tf/ ug{sf nflu ;xh x'g]5 . ;'ikf IfdfjtL uflj;sf ls;fgx?sf] ufO{ kfng Joa;fo cGo uflj;sf nflu gd'gf x'g]5 . b'Uw lr:ofg s]Gb| :yfkgf tyf s[ltd uef{wfg s]Gb| ;~rfng h:tf sfo{n] cfw'lgs k|lalw :yfgLo :t/df g} pknAw x'g]5 / ;f] k|lalw la:tf/} lhNnfsf cGo uflj;df klg lj:tf/ x'g]5 . b'Uw Joa;fo ;Fu;Fu} 3fF;, bfgf nufotsf cGo kl/k'/s a:t'x?sf] Joa;foLs/0f x'Fb} hfg]5 . ls;fgx? hj Joa;flos aGb} hfG5g\ o;n] lhNnfs} ;du| cfocfh{gdf ;sf/fTds c;/ NofO{ cfly{s ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg] lglZrt 5 .

ctM ;':kf IfdfjtL uf=lj=;nfO{ gd'gf >f]t If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; u/L emf/3fF;÷8fn]3fF; v]tL, gZn ;'wf/ tyf s[lqd uef{wfg s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf, gd'gf uf]7sf] lgdf{0f, b'w ;+sng tyf lr:ofg s]Gb|sf] ;'wf/, cf}ifwL tyf bfgf s]Gb|sf] Aoj:yf ug'{ h?/L 5 . kl/0ffdtM b"wsf] pTkfbgdf a[l¢ x'g], k|ljlwsf] k|bz{gL / x:tfGt/0fdf ;xof]u k'Ug], :yflgo :t/df g} pGgt ufO{, jf5f jf5Lsf] pknAwtf / cfw'lgs kz'kfngsf] k|ltsf] clek|]/0ffsf] gd'gf ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] ?kdf k|efjsf/L cleofgsf] yfngL tyf lbuf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ x'g]5 .

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks j];nfO{g ;a]{ @)^^ kmfu'gdf ;DkGg s[ifs ;d"x u7g @)^^ r}qdf ;DkGg

uflj; :t/Lo kl/rofTds uf]i7L @)^^ r}q @! df ;DkGg ufO kmf/d :ynut cWoog e|d0f @)^^ r}q @@,@#,@$ df ;DkGg ufO v/Lb k|yd r/0f @)^& h]i7 df ;DkGg :ynut s[ifs tflnd @)^& efb| df ;DkGg gZn ;'wf/ tflnd tyf s[lqd uef{wfg s]Gb| :yfkgf @)^& sflt{s df ;DkGg kz' cfxf/f / 3fF; ljsf; Jojxfl/s tflnd, 3fF; v]lt @)^&df3,kmfNu'g df ;DkGg ufO v/Lb låtLo r/0f @)^* h]i7 ,c;f/ ;DkGg gd"gf uf]7 lgdf{0f @)^* efb| df ;DkGg cf}ifwL pkrf/ tflnd tyf kz' cf}ifwL k;n :yfkgf @)^*sflt{s df ;DkGg lrZofg s]Gb| :yfkgf xfn ;Dd s|dfut

pknAwLx? -Achievements )

• ;':kf IfdfjtL uflj;df % j6f ufOkfns s[ifs ;d"x u7g sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5, h;df !@% ufOkfns s[ifsx? cfa4 ePsf 5g\ . s[ifs ;d"xx?nfO{ cg'lzIf0f u/fpg'sf] ;fy} ;xeflutfd"ns lgb]{lzsf lgdf{0f sfo{ klg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

• uflj;sf] kz'kfngsf] cj:yfaf/] ljZn]if0f ug]{ p2]Zon] cfwf/e"t ;e]{If0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 h;af6 uflj;sf] kz'kfngsf] j:t'l:ylt k|fKt ePsf] 5

• ufO kmf/d :ynut cWoog e|d0fsf] nflu s[ifsx? 5gf}6ul/ 5gf}6 ePsf s[ifx?nfO{ cWoog e|d0f u/fOPsf]] 5 .

• xfn;Dd % j6f ufO{kfns s[ifs;d"x u7g eO;s]sf] tyf s[ifs ;d"xsf !@% ;b:ox?nfO{ ufOkfng tyf b'Uw cfof]hgf If]qsf % ;d"xdf !) j6fsf b/n] hDdf %) j6f h;L{ ufO{ sf7df08f}sf] d'nkflg uflj; / nlntk'/sf] nfdf6f/ uflj;sf s[ifsx?jf6 kz';]jf sfof{no, bf]nvfsf k|fljlwsx?sf] k/fdz{df / bf]nvf b'Uw pBf]usf] ;xof]udf ;DalGwt ls;fgn] l4lto r/0fdf ufO{ vl/b u/L;s]sf 5g\ . ;DalGwt s[ifs ;d'x / bf]nvf b'Uw pBf]u lnld6]8sf] l;kmfl/;df lsi6 j}sn] ;DalGwt ls;fgnfO{ ! pGgt ufO{ vl/bsf] nflu ?=%)))) C0f ;xof]u pknAw u/fPsf] 5 .

• gd'gf ufO{ uf]7sf] lgdf{0f M pGgt hftsf kz'kfngsf nflu pGgt uf]7sf] clgjfo{tf x'g]x'gfn] s[ifsx?nfO{ uf]7 ;'wf/sf] l;k 1fgsf] cfjZostf 5 . t;y{ cfof]hgf If]qsf % ;d'xsf @÷@ hgf u/L !) hgf ufO{kfns s[ifsnfO{{ uf]7 ;'wf/ ;DjlGw laif]z tfnLd pknJw u/fOPsf] 5 .


• ls;fgx?nfO{ ;'wf/LPsf] uf]7sf] gd'gf b]v]/ pGgt k|ljlwsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf x:tfGt/0f ;d]t x'g] x'gfn] cfof]hgf If]qsf % j6f ;d'xdf ;+u7Lt ePsf slDtdf # j6f pGgt b"w lbg] ufO{kfns s[ifsx? dWoaf6 % hgfsf] 5gf}6 u/L pGgt ufO{ uf]7sf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . 5gf}6 ePsf k|To]s ;d"xsf !÷! hgf u/L hDdf % hgf b'Uw pTkfbs pGgt ufO{kfns ls;fgn] Pscfk;df ;xsfo{ u/L ;d"xsf] /fo ;Nnfx ;d]t lnP/ pGgt uf]7 lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g . pSt gd'gf uf]7 lgdf{0f ubf{ cfof]hgsf] tkm{jf6 s'n nfutsf] $)Ü cg'bfg /sd pknJw u/fPsf] 5 .

• cf}ifwL pkrf/ ljif]z tfnLd tyf kz' cf}iflw k;n :yfkgfM cfof]hgf If]qsf pGgt ufO{x?sf] :jf:Yo pkrf/sfnflu kz' :jf:Yo pkrf/ ;DjlGw slDtdf #% lbg] u|fld0f kz' :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ tflnd kfO{ cg'ej k|fKt ! hgf JolQmnfO{ ;d"xn] lgw{f/0f u/]sf] k|lqmof cg';f/ kz'k+lIf cf}iflw Joj;fo tflnd lbnfpg 5gf}6 u/L cflwsf/Ls ;+:yfdf k7fOPsf] JolQm tflnd k|fKt u/L kms]{ kl5 kz' cf}iflw s]Gb«sf] :yfkgf u/L ;+rfngsf] hDd]jf/L lbO{Psf]5 . pSt kz' cf}iflw s]Gb«sf] ;+:yfut ;+rfng lg/Gt/?kdf cfof]hgf If]q leq nfdf] ;do b]lv lqmoflzn /x]sf] lqj]0fL b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] Joj:yfkg u/]sf] 5 . pQm s]Gb«n] ufO{x?sf] :jf:Yo clen]v /fVg], pkrf/ ;]jf lbg] qmddf uf]a/ kl/If0f ub}{ vf]kdf Eofu't], vf]/]t tyf k/lhlj lgoGq0fdf gfDn] df6] h'sf nufotsf] pkrf/ / cfsfl:ds pkrf/ ug'{sf ;fy} afFhf]kg lgjf/0fsf nflu cfjZos pkrf/sf ljlwx? ;d]tsf] ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] ug]{ 5 . o; kz':jf:Yo pkrf/ s]Gb|sf] lbuf] ;+rfngsf nflu ;]jf z'Nssf] ;d]t Joj:yf u/LPsf] 5 . ;]jfz'Nssf] lgwf{/0f u/L ls;fg lxtsf]ifsf] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf tkm{af6 To; lxtsf]if ;+rfngsf nflu ljp k"Flh pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5 .

• xfn klof]hgf If]qsf pGgt Pj+ :yfgLohftsf !)) j6f ufO{ dWo s[ltd uef{wfg u/]sf]df ^)j6f ufO{df ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

• b'Uw pTkfbgsf] ;+efJotfsf] sf/0f b"Uw ljsf; ;+:yfg / bf]nvf 8]/L jLr ;fem]bf/L ?kdf sfo{ ug{ k|lqmof cuf8L j9]sf] 5.


cfof]hgfsf] zLif{s (Project Title)

Management of Degraded Agricultural Land Through Coopearative Lease Farming

Project Number 701/2067-68 cfof]hgf ;+of]hs (Project Coordinator)

lji0f' k|;fb uf}td

7]ufgf (Address) tLg ; k|lti7fg (Three S Foundation), cgfdgu/ sf7df8f}+ Od]n [email protected] df]afOn (*%!)!@#&)/(*%!)$!$^& www.threesfoundation.org.np

6]lnkmf]g (Telephone) $@##)^* -sfof{no_ $#&&*!# -3/_ km\ofS; (Fax) (&&)!$@##)^* Od]n (email) [email protected];xof]uL ;+:yf (Collaboration Partner)

w'gLa]zL s[lif ax'pb]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf, gf]lj;], wflbË

Project Start Date @)^& >fj0f !

Project End Date @)^( c;f/ d;fGt

Project Cost ? @(,(% xhf/

cfof]hgf :yn (Location of Project)

gf}la;], hLjgk'/=uf=lj=;=, wflb+u lhNnf

cfof]hgf ;f/f+z (Project Summary)

clwsf+ztM u/La, ;fgf ls;fg / blnt tyf hghfltx?sf] a;f]af; /x]sf] wflbË lhNnfsf] gf}lj;] / hLjgk'/ uf=lj=;=sf @ :yfgdf sd;n / vl08s[t hdLgsf] Aoa:yfkg u/L ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] dfWodåf/f n}l+us ;dtfd"ns / jftfa/0f—d}qL ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] sfof{Tds cg';Gwfg (action research) u/L pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 u/fO{ /f]huf/Lsf ;fy} u/LaL lgjf/0fdf ;3fp k'/fpg] / d'n'ssf cGo efudf cg'z/0fLo tyf lj:tf/of]Uo (replication) x'g ;Sg] sfo{ut cg';Gwfg (action research) sf] ?kdf ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLåf/f sd;n / vl08s[t hdLgsf] Aoa:yfkg cfof]hgf (Management of Degraded Agricultural Land through Cooperative Lease Farming Project) sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] 5 . /fli6|\o s[lif cg';Gwfg ljsf; sf]if (National Agricultural Research Development Fund) n] ;ftf} cfXjfgdf of] kl/of]hgfnfO{ :jLs[t u/] cg';f/ @ jif{sf] lglDt ldlt @)^&.%.!* -tbg';f/ # ;]K6]Da/, @)!)_ df sf]if / k|lti7fgaLr kl/of]hgf ;+emf}tf (Project Agreement) ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . tLg ; k|lti7fgn] :yfgLo o'jf tyf s[ifsx?sf] w'gLj]zL s[lif ax'p2]zLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;xsfo{df nfeflGjt ju{sf] ?kdf :yfgLo dlxnf, blnt, hghflt tyf u/La Pa+ ;fgf ls;fgx?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L ;d"xdf cfj4 u/fO{ ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/L, k|ljlw, sfo{ljlw, ;+:yfut Ifdtf a[l4åf/f cfly{s, ;fdflhs / jftfj/0fLo nfex? pknAw ug]{ cj;/sf] ;[hgf ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfn] laz]if u/L lgDg ls|ofsnfkx? ul//x]sf] 5 . -!_ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu b'O{ uf=lj=;=sf vl08t lju|]sf hUufx? PsLs[t u/L s/La @)) /f]kgL

hUuf s/f/df ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] lng] . -@_ pSt hUufdWo] :t/f]Gglt e}/x]sf] %* /f]kgLdf ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL Aoa:yfkg ul//x]sf] 5 . o;df d'Votof afnLx?M

sfpnL, aGbf, n;'g, cfn' uf]ne]+8f h:tf t/sf/Lsf ;fy} a];f/, cb'jf nufpg] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 .jfls !#@ /f]kgLdf ljleGg hftsf 3f+;]jfnL / 8fn]3f+;, g]lko/, d'nf6f], df]nfl;;, cld|;f] Olkn Olkn, s'6d]/f] j8x/ cflb nufOPsf] .

-#_ $ j6f kf]lnxfp; lgdf{0fu/L uf]ne]+8f, e]8]v';f{gL sf+qmf] nufOPsf] . -$_ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL afx]ssf] l5d]sdf /x]sf ;b:os[ifsx?sf] vl08t / lju|]sf] s/La @)) /f]kgLdf dfu{bz{g tyf

k|fljlws ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] l;nl;nfdf k|lzIf0f sfo{s|dx? ;Grfng ul./Psf] 5 . -%_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf / ;+:yfut ljsf;df ;xof]u k'/fO/x]sf] 5 .


-^_ b]zsf] cGo efudf klg lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsof];\ eGg] pb]Zon] ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu k|f?k, Dofg'cn, clen]vg (documentation) ug]{ sfd ;d]t ;+u;+u} eO/x]sf] 5 .

k[i7e"ld (Background) wflbË lhNnfsf gf}la;], hLjgk'/ uf=lj=;=x?df u/La, ;fgf ls;fg / blnt tyf hghfltx?sf] a;f]af; clwsf+ztM cl;+lrt / sd;n hUufdf /x]sf] 5 . o:tf] cl;+lrt / sd;n hUufdf pTkflbt vfBfGgn] v]tLn] vfg gk'Ug] / jif{el/ sfd gx'g] sf/0faf6 oL ;LdfGt hUufwgLx? /f]huf/Lsf] nflu cGoq -sf7df8f} / ljb]z_ knfog eO/x]sf] kfOG5 . o;sf cltl/St lgDg ;d:ofx?df cem hl6ntf ylkb}+ uPsf] b]lvG5 . ♦ !@ jif]{ hgo'4 / gu/Ls/0fsf] k|efjn] xfnsf] cj:yfdf ufp+df ;;fgf s]6fs]6L / j"9fj"9Lx? dfq 5g\ . ufp+df

sfd ug]{ dflg;sf] vf+rf] 5 . dnfdL kfpg ufx|f] 5 . v]tjf/Lx? jf+emf 5g\ / 3/ uf]7x? eTs]/ j]jfl/;] jg]sf 5g\ .

♦ cg'kl:yt hUufwgLsf] sf/0faf6 klg hdLg v]/uO/x]sf] 5 / o;n] hdLgsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf c;/ kf/]sf] 5 . s[lif hLjg wfGg] vfnsf] dfq ePsf] / Aofa;flos gePsf]n] e/kbf]{ / gfkmfd'vL x'g ;s]sf] 5}g / u|fdL0f o'jfx? s[lifdf cgfslif{t eO/x]sf] ca:yf 5 .

♦ sf7df8f} glhs / a9bf] c:j:y k|lt:kwf{sf] sf/0fn] ljgf pko'St 1fg cTolws /f;folgs jf ljiffbLsf] k|of]uaf6 lju|]sf] hUuf, h+unsf] ljgfzsf] sf/0fn] af9L klx/f]af6 lju|]sf] hUuf / af+emf], u]U|ofg / 5]+ps'gf hf]l8P/ lju|]sf] hUufsf] Aoa:yfkg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

♦ k9]n]v]sf AolStx? /f]huf/L jf Aoa;fosf] sf/0fn] ufp+df v]tL ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . pgLx?n] c?nfO{ sdfpg lb+bf df]xLofgL xs nfUg ;S5 jf To;sf 8/n] af+emf] 5f]8g] Pp6f ljsNk /xG5 . t/ ca af+emf] /fVg klg hl/jfgf ltg'{kg]{ gLltut Aoa:yf ;/sf/sf] ah]6 sfo{s|ddf cfO;s]sf] 5 .

♦ ljb]zdf /f]huf/Ldf hfg]n] k7fPsf] ljk|]if0f (remittance) ufp+d} a;]/ v]tLdf nufpg'sf] ;6[f pgLx?sf hxfgkl/jf/ 8]9 jif{sf] jfnsnfO{ cfjf;Lo laBfnodf k9fpg eg]/ zx/ k:g] k|a[ltn] emg\ pTkfbg 36\g nfu]sf] 5 .

♦ abln+bf] df};d kl/at{gn] ljZjAofkL tfks|d (global warming) a9]/ vfBfGgsf] sdL x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . ca s[lifsf] k/Dk/fut z}nL / dfGotfnfO{ TofuL k/Dk/fut 6'qmf s[lifsf] ;6[f Plss[t s[lif k|0ffnL nfu' ug'{ h?/L ePsf] 5 . ;dfwfgsf] pkfo eg]sf] oL ;LdfGt s[ifskl/jf/x?;+u ePsf] s[lif—l;k / sd;n hUufnfO{ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] dfWodåf/f e"ld Aoa:yfkg / ;'wf/ ug{' xf] . o:tf] v]/uO/x]sf] hUufsf] pkof]usf] nflu ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] Aoa:yfkg k|f?ksf] ljsf; ug{sf] nflu sfof{Tds cg';Gwfg ul/Psf] 5 .

cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo (Purpose of the Project) cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo wflb+u lhNnfsf @ :yfgdf sd;n / vl08s[t hdLgsf] pko'St tl/sfaf6 rSnfaGbL jf PsLs/0f u/L ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] dfWodåf/f n}l+us ;dtfd"ns / jftfa/0f—d}qL ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] sfof{Tds cg';Gwfg (action research) u/L pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 u/fO{ /f]huf/Lsf ;fy} u/LaL lgjf/0fdf ;3fp k'/fpg] / d'n'ssf cGo efudf cg'z/0fLo tyf lj:tf/of]Uo (replication) x'g ;Sg] Pp6f PsLs[t Jofj;flos ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k (Cooperative Lease Farming Model) ;d]t ljsf; ug'{ /x]sf] 5 . ;fy} o;sf cGo p2]Zox? lgDgfg';f/sf /x]sf 5g\ .

• sd;n / v08Ls[t cyf{t\ yf]/} / 5l/Psf] 6'qmf -lsQf_ hUufnfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ hUufsf] PsLs/0f jf rSnfaGbL ug]{, hUuf ljsf; ug]{, l;rfO{ ;'ljwf k'\/\ofpg], df6f] k/LIf0f cflb ;lxt e"Aoa:yfkg ug]{,

• s[lifdf oflGqs/0f / cfw'lgs cf}hf/ k|of]unfO{ ;xh agfpg'sf ;fy} pGgt jLp dn ;dod} k'/\ofO{ jfnLnfO{ hgfj/ / ls/f /f]u cflbaf6 hf]ufO{ pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf a[l4åf/f s[lifnfO{ gfkmfd'vL / cfsif{s tyf ;Ddfghgs Aoa;fodf ?kfGtl/t u/L :yfgLo txdf ;dfj]z x'g] s[ifsx? -u/La, ;fgf ls;fg / blnt tyf hghfltx? Pa+ dlxnfx?_ ;+u ePsf] s[lif—l;knfO{ u'0ffTds agfO{ hLjg :t/df e/kbf]{ lsl;dn] ;'wf/ Nofpg],

• g]kfn ljZj Aofkf/ ;+u7gdf k|j]z u/]sf] ;Gbe{df b]zdf pTkflbt a:t'sf] k|zf]wgnfO{ u'0f :t/Lo agfO{ ahf/ k|a4{gåf/f plrt nfe k|fKt ug]{,

• PsLs[t Aofa;flos v]tLsf nflu e"Aoa:yfkg nufot ljQLo >f]t, hgzlSt ljsf;, k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, ;+:yfut ljsf;åf/f pko'St ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL k|f?ksf] ljsf; ug{ sfof{Gd'vL cg';Gwfg ug]{ .


nlIot ;d"xx? / nfeflGjtx? (Beneficiaries) cfof]hgfsf] sfo{ If]q @ uf=lj=;=x?sf] ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ 5 .

hg;+Vof -jf8{ cg';f/_ uf=lj=;= s"n jf8{ ! jf8{ @ jf8{ # jf8{ $ jf8{ % jf8{ ^ jf8{ & jf8{ * jf8{ ( hLjgk'/ 3/kl/jf/

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dlxnf $#!^ @@% $!$ #*! @$( ^@) %$! $!! &^) &!% k'?if $#%% @$) $#^ ##) @$$ %(! %($ $$* &^* &)$ hDdf *^&! gf}aL;]

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!$$ dlxnf &$^& !)$@ !)#) %%) *!^ &*$ &&! !@$# *$! #() k'?if &@)! (*! ((* %@) *)( &%@ &!& !!*# *@@ $!( hDdf !$^^* >f]tM s]=t=lj= @))#

s"n hDdf @###( hg;+Vof -hfltut cg';f/_

hflt bdfO{ ;fsL{ sfdL cGo blnt

r]kfª tfdfª du/ u'?ª g]jf/ cGo hghflt

;Gof;L a|fXd0f 5]qL cGo

hLjgk'/ !#& %#) !@$ !&# ) !#&* ^&^ &( ^@^ #$^ !@ @$)@ !*)# %%*gf}aL;] @@^ $#^ @@# #& %@ $)%% !&( *( !!!) ()$ #)$ #%%$ #!(# ^! hLjgk'/ *^&! gf}aL;] !$^^*

>f]tM s]=t=lj= @))# pk/f]St hg;+VofdWo] cfof]hgfsf] cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; (research and development) af6 nfeflGjt ju{sf] ?kdf :yfgLo dlxnf, blnt, hghflt tyf u/La Pa+ ;fgf ls;fgx? ;dfj]z u/L cfof]hgfaf6 s"n s/La #,%) kl/jf/ nfeflGjt eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLdf k|ToIf ?kdf %) hgfnfO{ /f]huf/L pknAw u/fpgfsf ;fy} dfu{bz{g ul/g] %) s[ifs k|ToIf ?kdf / ;xsf/L z]o/ ;b:osf] l;k ljsf; -t/sf/L, post-harvest, ahf/, ;fdflhs kl/rfng, art cflb_ u/L #)) hgfnfO{ /f]huf/Lsf cjz/ lng of]Uo agfpg pgLx?nfO{ ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/L, k|ljlw, sfo{ljlw, ;+:yfut Ifdtf a[l4åf/f cfly{s, ;fdflhs / jftfj/0fLo nfex? pknAw u/fpg] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 .

nlIot k|ltkmnx? (Trageted Outputs and Objectively Verifiable Indicators - OVIs)

cfof]hgfsf] k|ltkmn (Project Outputs) -!_ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu b'O{ uf=lj=;=sf vl08t lju|]sf hUufx? PsLs[t u/L hUuf

s/f/df pknAwtf -@_ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL Aoa:yfkg -#_ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL afx]ssf] l5d]sdf /x]sf ;b:os[ifsx?sf] vl08t / lju|]sf] hUufdf dfu{bz{g tyf

k|fljlws ;]jf pknAwtf -$_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf, ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf ;Grfng -%_ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu k|f?k, Dofg'cn, clen]vg .

p2]Zout ?kdf k/LIf0fof]Uo ;"rsx? (Objectively Verifiable Indicators)

-!_ @)) /f]kgL hUufdf ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] nflu s/f/ -@_ s/f/df pknAw hUufdWo] :t/f]Gglt ug{ ;lsg] hUufdf t/sf/L kmnkm"n / af+ls !#@ /f]kgLdf 3f+;]jfnL ;xsf/L

s/f/ v]tL Aoa:yfkg -#_ l5d]ssf ;b:o s[ifs kl/jf/x?sf] vl08t / lju|]sf] @)) /f]kgL hUufdf dfu{bz{g / k|fljlws ;]jf pknAw -$_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf / ;+:yfut ljsf; -%_ ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu k|f?k, Dofg'cn, lgb]{lzsf clen]vg cfof]hgfsf k|ltkmnnfO{ a9L u|fXo jf :t/f]Gglt agfpg k|a4{g dfu{x? (Up- Scaling Pathways) • cfof]hgfn] km/flsnf] lsl;dn] xfn eO/x]sf k|ljlwx?nfO{ lj:tf/ ug]{ / cem :t/f]Gglt ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf

tTsflns pTkfbgx?nfO{ nlIot nfeflGjt ju{;Dd k'/fpg k|rf/k|;f/ ;fdu|L, glthfk|bz{g, cg';Gwfg, ;+:yf ;+hfn / bIftf ljsf;sf sfdx? ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf sfdx?sf] lbuf]kg / nfut k|efjsfl/tfnfO{ Wofg lbOPsf] 5 .


• pknAw >f]t / l;ksf] u'0f:t/o'St kl/rfng u/L ;'?b]lv g} s[ifsx?nfO{ ;DnUg u/fO{ ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] dfWodnfO{ cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

• ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLnfO{ cg'z/0fof]Uo (replicable) k|f?k ljsf; ug{ k|To]s r/0fdf ;'Id lsl;dn] cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf cg'udg ul/Psf] 5 .

• ;DefAo l5d]sL uf=lj=;=x?sf ls;fgx?nfO{ / dxfljBfnosf ljBfyL{ tyf k|lzIfyL{x?nfO{ lhNnf s[lif sfof{no pks]Gb|sf] ;xof]udf cjnf]sg u/fpg] sfo{ ul//x]sf] .

• cfof]hgfaf6 k|fKt kl/0ffdx?nfO{ 5fkf ;+rf/ dfWod / laB'tLo ;+rf/ dfWodaf6 k|rf/ k|;f/ u/fOG5 . AolStut Aofa;flos ;Dks{ (personal professional contact), uf]i7L, ;]dLgf/, tflnd cflbdf ;xefuL u/fO{ a9L u|fXo / :t/f]Gglt ug{ pTk|]/0f u/fOG5 .

pknlAwx? (Achivements - also include findings in case of research Project) • :yfgLo dlxnf, blnt, hghflt tyf u/La Pa+ ;fgf ls;fgx? ;dfj]z u/L s[lif ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]

:yfkgf e} ;f] ;DaGwL sfdx? eO/x]sf] 5 . • ;+:yfdf #,%) kl/jf/ -;+:yf k|a4{s, artstf{, C0fL, s[lifpkh tyf s[lif ;fdu|L pkof]u, glthf k|bz{g cflb_

cfa4 5g\ . • ;+:yfdf kfj/l6n/ h:tf cTofw'lgs s[lif pks/0f k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] :yfgLo o'jf hgzlSt tof/ eO{ sfddf

nfu]sf 5g\ .;fy} k|fljlws ;]jf pknJwtf tyf yf]kf l;+rfO{ / kmf]x/f l;+rfO{ cflb k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f . • ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL kmfd{df dlxnf, blnt, hghflt tyf u/La Pa+ ;fgf ls;fgx?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L / k|lzlIft

u/L b}lgs !) hgf sfdbf/ -o'lgkmd{ ;lxt_ ;b:os[ifsx? sfo{/t 5g\ . • ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu b'O{ uf=lj=;=sf vl08t lju|]sf hUufx? PsLs[t u/L s/La @))

/f]kgL hUuf s/f/df pknAw ePsf] 5 . • pknAw hUuf @)) /f]kgLdWo] :t/f]Gglt ePsf] %* /f]kgL ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL Aoa:yfkg e}/x]sf] 5 . of]

s[ifsx?sf] nflu glthf k|bz{g tyf cg'z/0fsf] s]Gb| ePsf] 5 . • ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tL afx]ssf] l5d]sdf /x]sf ;b:os[ifsx?sf] vl08t / lju|]sf] s/La @)) /f]kgLdf dfu{bz{g

tyf k|fljlws ;]jf pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . • ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] lbuf] ;Grfngsf] nflu ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . • ;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu k|f?k, Dofg'cn, clen]vg (documentation) e}/x]sf] 5 . • sf]ifsf ;b:o ;lrj tyf jl/i7 sfo{qmd clws[tx?jf6 @)^* efb|df cg'udg ePsf] .

cfof]hgfsf] calw @ jif{leq sfo{s|d cg';f/ af+sL ls|ofsnfkx? sfof{Gjog x+'bf;Dd yk pknlAwx? k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

k|:tfljt s[ofsnfkx? (Activities Proposed )

k|f?k lgdf{0fsf] nflu lgDgfg';f/sf] s[ofsnfkx? e}/x]sf 5g\ .

Activities Activity Status/Achievement Remarks != ;xsf/L s/f/ hUuf

pknJwtf !=! ;"rgf cleofg /

cled'vLs/0f, s/f/ v]tL kl/of]hgf ;+of]hg

@ :yfgdf s/f/ v]tL kl/of]hgf ;+of]hg eO/x]sf]

!=@ s/f/df ;+efJo /]vf+sg / s/f/ ;+emof}tf

@ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?dfkm{t @)) /f]kgL sd;n hUufsf] s/f/ ;+emof}tf e};s]sf]

!=# s/f/ /sd ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf hDdf ug]{

@ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?df /sd hDdf u/]sf] @)^*.^( bf]>f] rf}dfl;s

@= s/f/ v]tL Joj:yfkg @=! ux|f, sfGnf, ;'wf/ /

rfSnfjGbL tyf df6f] Joj:yfkg ug]{

ux|f, sfGnf, ;'wf/ tyf df6f] Joj:yfkgsf] sfd e}/x]sf] . rSnfaGbL ug{ af+sL

@)^( cfiff9

@=@ pks/0f Joj:yf / Ps yfg kfj/l6n/ tyf cf}hf/ vl/b tyf


kfj/6Ln/ ;+rfng ;+rfng @=# l;+rfO{sf] k|jGw ;L+rfOsf] nflu ! nfv @@ xhf/ ln6/

Ifdtfsf] kf]v/L lgdf{0f / l:k|+sn/ tyf l8|\k k|ljlw k|0ffnL h8fg ul/Psf]

@=$ s/f/ v]tL Joj:yfkg -s[lif k|fljlw1 ;]jf, cled'vLs/0f / tfnLd _

ljleGg Tflnd ;+rfng ul/Psf] / l;k ljsf; kl/of]hgfsf] ;xsfo{df $ ;+:yfx?sf @) o'jf s[ifsx?nfO{ # dlxg] s[lif tflnd lbOPsf]

@)^( cfiff9

@=% s/f/ v]tL @)) /f]kgL sd;n hUufsf] s/f/ ;+emof}tf e}:t/fGGlt ul/Psf] dWo] %* /f]kgLdf $ Knfli6s 6g]n lgdf0f{ ;d]t u/L ;3g Aofa;flos v]tL eO/x]sf] / :yfgLo ;b:o s[ifsx?n] /f]huf/L kfO/x]sf .

@)^( cfiff9

@=^ kmnkm"n 8fn]3f+; nufpg] t/sf/L v]tLsf] nflu :t/f]Gglt ug{ sl7gfO{ x'g] b]lvPsf] () /f]kgLdf kmnkm"n tyf 8fn]3f+; nufOPsf] .

@)^*.^( k|yd rf}dfl;s

@=& pTkfbg e08f/0f pTkflbt a:t'sf] e08f/0fsf] nflu e08f/0fu[x lgdf{0f ul/Psf] .

@)^( cfiff9

#= dfu{bz{g tyf k|fljlws ;]jf #=! Dffu{ bz{gsf nflu

cled'vLs/0f, tflnd

l5d]sL ;+:yfsf s[ifsx?nfO{ ;d]t Dffu{ bz{gsf nflu cled'vLs/0f, tflnd lbOPsf]

Jff+ls @)^*.^( bf]>f] rf}dfl;s

#=@ ;fdflhs kl/rfng ;d"x ;ls|otf, :yfgLo >f]t Aoa:yfkgsf] nflu ;fdflhs kl/rfng tflnd ul/Psf]

Aff+ls @)^*.^( bf]>f] rf}dfl;s

$= ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf ;+rfng

$=! ;+:yfut ljsf;

kl/of]hgf calwkl5 klg sfo{s|dn] lg/Gt/tf kfpgsf] nflu :yfgLo g]t[Tj / l;k ljsf;, >f]t kl/rfng, k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, ;+:yfsf] n]vf tyf ahf/ Aoa:yfkg ;lxtsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; tflnd / dfu{bz{g ul//x]sf] .

t/ @ jif{sf] cjlw gk'u x'g] b]lvPsf]n] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] nflu yk ! jif{sf] ;xof]u h'6fpg' kg]{ ePsf]

$=@ k|fljlws ;]jf, ;d"x kl/rfng,

k|fljlws ;]jf, ;d"x kl/rfngsf] sfd eO/x]sf]

Jff+ls @)^*.^( bf]>f] rf}dfl;s

%= k|f?k clen]vg %=! k|f?k ljsf; clen]vg

;xsf/L s/f/ v]tLsf] k|f?k ljsf;sf] nflu k|f?k, Dofg'cn, clen]vg (documentation) e}/x]sf]

@)^( cfiff9

%=@ kl/of]hgf >Jo b[Zo tof/ kl/of]hgf ultljlwsf] >Jo b[Zo tof/ e}/x]sf] %=# cg'udg l/kf]l6{+u tLg ; k|lti7fgsf] sfo{sf/L ;ldltaf6

cg'udg, ;dLIff tyf l/kf]l6{+u ;d]t x'g] u/]sf]

@)^( cfiff9

%=$ cfof]hgf ;dflKt k|ltj]bg @)^( cfiff8df kl/of]hgf ;dfKt x'g]x'+bf ;f] nuQ} cfof]hgf ;dflKt k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/g] .

@)^( cfiff9kl5 cfof]hgf ;dflKt k|ltj]bg k]z ul/g]

cGt//fli6|\o pbfx/0fLo cfof]hgf (Internationally Awarded Project)

Oh/fondf ;DkGg ;dfj]zL lbuf] ljsf; /]vf]jf]6 cGt/fli6|\o ;Dd]ng -l8;]Da/ % b]lv &, @)!)_ Inclusive Sustainable Development Initiatives : Rehovot Conference 2010 df g]kfnn] t[tLo :yfg k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . Oyf]lkof klxnf] / ;+o'St /fHo cd]l/sf l4tLo ePsf] of] k|ltof]lutfdf g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 tLg ; k|lti7fg sf cWoIf >L s[i0f axfb'/ s'‘j/n] Integrated Rural Development Through Cooperative Lease Farming in Nepal ljifosf] sfo{kq k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ljZjsf @^ /fi6|\x?sf k|ltlglwx? -g]kfn, ef/t, a+unfb]z, Oh/fon, hf]8{g, blIf0f sf]l/of, a]nfot, ;+o'St /fHo


cd]l/sf, O6nL, ci6|\]lnof, ?;, a]nf/;, x+u]/L, sf]nlDaof, k]?, ch]{lG6gf, xf]G8'/;, Ujf6]dfnf, sf]i6fl/sf, af]n]leof, OSj]8/, lrn], tfGhflgof, 3fgf, s]Gof, Oyf]lkof_ sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] o; ;Dd]ngdf k|ltli7t ljZjljBfnox? (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, University of Haifa, University of North Texas, Universidad de Magallanes, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Moi University, Kenya; Universita degli Studi di Genova, Italy; Weitz Center for Development Studies, Rohovot; Weitz Center international Foundation) sf k|fWofksx? tyf cg';Gwfgstf{x?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] . of] ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf Weitz Center for Development Studies, Oh/fonsf] k//fi6|\ dGqfno, UN HABITAT, Hebrew University of Jerusalem nufotsf * j6f ;+:yfx?n] ;+o'St ?kdf u/]sf lyP .

u/LaLaf6 d'lQm kfpg / u|fdL0f ljsf; ug{ # ; -;d"x, ;Lk / ;fgf] k"FhL - group/organization, skill and microfinance) sf] cjwf/0ff lnPsf] o; k|lti7fgn] g]kfndf @)^# b]lv u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] ?kdf sfd ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;n] u/LaL lgjf/0f, ;fd'bflos ljsf;, u|fdL0f ljsf;, s[lif ljsf;, ;+:yfut ljsf;, n3'ljQ, u|fdL0f If]qdf ljk|]if0fsf] e"ldsf, n3'l;+rfO{ ;DaGwL cWoog, k|lzIf0f tyf of]hgf sfof{Gjog ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . o; k|lti7fgdf u/LaL lgjf/0fsf] nflu /fli6|\o sfo{s|dsf ?kdf ;Grflnt ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; sfo{s|d -s[lif ljsf; a}+s_ df nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd ul/;s]sf lj1x?sf] ;DnUgtf /x]sf] 5 . pSt k'/:s[t sfo{kq k|lti7fgn] wflbË lhNnfsf] gf}la;] ufp‘ ljsf; ;ldltdf ;Grflnt w'gLa];L s[lif ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf] sd;n / vl08t hUUffdf ;xsf/L s/f/v]tL Aoa:yfkg4f/f PsLs[t u|fdL0f ljsf; kl/of]hgfdf cfwfl/t 5 / of] kl/of]hgf Aoa:yfkgsf] nflu tLg ; k|lti7fgn] k|ltof]lutf4f/f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] /fli6|\o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifaf6 cfly{s ;xof]u pknAw ul/ sfo{ ul//x]sf] 5 .


Project Title: Establishment of Resource Centre of Pakhribas Black Pig in

Sankhuwasabha District Project No: 702/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Mukesh Karki Address: Khadbari Municipality 9 Telephone: 029-560162 Fax: 029-560445 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Livestock Service Office, Sankhuwasabha

Agriculture Research Station, Pakhribas Start Date: September,5 2010 End Date: August 2013 Project Cost: 19,29,760 Location of Project: Khadbari Municipality, Makalu and Noom VDC of Sankhuwasabha

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Pigs are important domestic animals in the eastern hills of Nepal. Gurung et al. (1989) reported that 45% of the farmers owned pigs in Koshi hills. The total numbers of Pig in Eastern hills is estimated to be 272252, of which 32900 are in Sankhuwasaba district producing 487 mt meat production annually (MOAC, 2009). ARS, Pakhribas is an institute where the black color Pakhribas Pig has been developed and the parent stocks are being maintained to date. The productive and reproductive performances of these pigs are high as compared to the local pigs (Oli, 1986; Gatenby et al., 1990; Gurung and Pradhan, 1989 and Aryal et al., 1992). Because of being highly productive and having black in color, the popularity and demand of Pakhribas Pig is increasing continuously among the farming communities of eastern hills. With increasing its market potentialities, people in the other part of the country are showing great interest to rear this breed for generating cash. However, most of the farmers failed to have quality piglets adequately, as currently ARS, Pakhribas is only the source which producing around 200 piglets every year (Annual report, ARS, Pakhribas 2065/66. The demand of pig only in the Sankhuwasabha is more than 5000 every year (DLSO, Sankhuwasabha), however, there is no reliable resource centre of pig in the district and within the eastern hill region as a whole. Currently, the major share of supply is from local. Therefore, to fulfill the increasing demand there is urgent needs for the establishment of reliable Pig resource centre within the district for the permanent source for quality piglets production. (P Budhhathoki, DLSO, Sankhuwasabha, presentation at Regional Agriculture Technical Group Meeting at Regional Livestock Directorate, Biratnagar, Bhadra 4, 2065). Therefore, to supply quality piglets adequately to the farmers, the concept of establishing community resource centre of Pakhribas Pig has been put forward.

Project Purpose/Objectives The main purpose of the project is to establish community breeder farm (resource centre) of Pakhribas Pig for sustainable supply of improved piglets and empowered the farming community for enhancing productivity and rural livelihood. It is envisaged that after implementation of the project farmers will have access of quality piglets in their community and also have good understanding for proper breeding, management and the quality of the products which help to increased production and productivity thereby income in the pig farming community. Furthermore, the community breeder farm will help to fulfill the increasing demand from neighboring districts and also maintained genetic diversity at farm level and create self employment opportunity.

Five resource centre each with 8 female and 2 male units will be established in the five locations compatible with Livestock Service Centers of DLSO with active participation of Pig raising groups as a Public-Private-Partnership Approach. These units will produce about 2000 piglets and provide service to more than 4000 local sow. The production of piglets and service to local sow will be increased in local growers annually as its multiplier effects. It has estimated that, it will serve about 15% of the pig growers of the district by the end of 2013. Hence, it will


enhance the production and productivity of pigs in the district and ultimately increase the income and nutritional status of Dalit, Janajati, women and disadvantaged pig growers of rural hill villages of the district. Finally, Pig Resource Centre will be established, maintained, and supply piglets in sustainable way. The technician and farmers get trained on pig farming technologies and make them confident and continue the program even after completion of the project. Eventually, the developing agencies of the other districts of the region and other parts of the country may also adapt the program for their own districts/region. Meanwhile, self-employment opportunity will be created not only for pig keepers but also for those involve in marketing, feed producer, cereals grain producer in the community. In this way, the project will support to meet the NARDF strategic objectives and purpose in the local and regional level.

Beneficiaries The main target groups and beneficiaries of the proposed work will be more than 6000 households largely of Janajati, Dalit and ethnic women farmers of the Sankhuwasabha district and its neighboring districts. Because 2000 household will have pure breed of Pakhribas Pig in their own district as a result farmers will get the required piglets easily and adequately which help to generate total net income of Rs 4000000 (Rs 2000 per fattening pig) directly to the pig raiser along with providing total gross income of Rs 3800000 (Selling price Rs 1900/piglet) to the breeder farmers. Likewise, local pig keeper will have easy access for service from the improved boars, which help to upgrade the productivity performance and income thereby benefitted to more than 4000 local pigs farmer. As pigs are easy to raise with less investment and have potential to generate cash, poor sectors of the community particularly woman and disadvantages groups will get benefitted. The secondary beneficiaries of project will be farmers residing around the resource centers who will get opportunity to observe the ongoing project activities, share the experience and get the frequent visit of pig specialist on their home farm. They will get all the requirement, suggestion and technical support during the project period, which helps to adopt the technology and generate additional income through implementing efficient breeding and management approach in the community. The tertiary beneficiaries will be the pig grower farmers of the project location. The project coordinator and technicians along with DLSO staff and ARS, Pakhribas breeders will frequently visit the location. In the mean time, the residents of those locations will have access to ask about the problems of pig and get free advice and technical support from our project staff and collaborators. The other beneficiaries of the project will be the community of the proposed location. Because, this project will train farmers to use local resource efficiently and disposal of manure properly. The project encourage farmers to modified/prepared pen/shed to substitute the open grazing system and make the environment clean, safeguard the public health and maintain social harmony. Meanwhile others person can also have opportunity to get involve in marketing and feeding supply. Finally, the project will also be benefit to the research and developing institution for adaptation and applying of the project findings to better up the pig growers of their command area

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) A 40 sow and 10 boar pig production units established, 2000 piglets produced and marketed, 4000 local sow get served by 2013. The resource centre will be established in the five locations. In each location 8 sow and 2 boar pig unit will be formed. Eventually, more than 6000 households will be benefited. At least 100 farmers and 20 technicians trained, 500 booklets distributed on pig farming by 2013. For the first year, training on general pig farming technologies will be provided. During selection of farmers, more than 75% will be female while Dalit and Janajati participant will be at least 75%. In the second year, the same participants will be participated as a refresher and course will be based on the problem they faced during the first year.

Up-scaling Pathways The project will be jointly implemented by SODEC in close collaboration with DLSO, Sankhuwasabha, ARS-Pakhribas, Gramin BIkash Sangh, Sankhuwasabha, DDC, Sankhuwasabha and Khadbari Municipality. Therefore, it has strong working team who are committed to provide services required for the implementation and up scaling of the project activities. The project envisages “a team work” for the promotional pathway for the uptake of the project output with prioritizing farmers role in the decision making process. All collaborative partners including pig raising farming community will be encouraged participating actively during training, implementation and output delivery. For the effective uptake of the project’s outputs


Technical level training, capacity building of the farmers, technician level training, booklets distribution, disseminating findings in news papers and radio will be conducted along with creating platform for sharing experience, information and knowledge through farmers to farmers.


1. Resource centre established and Pakhribas Pig in the district increased 2. Farming communities trained and Pig farming technology scaled-up

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Baseline survey 100 households surveyed and report

prepared Report submitted

1.2 Preliminary workshop Organized in first trimester of first year

Organized at Khandbari

1.3 Construction of Pig shed Total of 50 pig shed constructed 100% as of target but renovation works will be continues.

1.4 Procurement of piglet Total of 50 piglet (10 male & 40 female )procured and established

100% as of target

1.5 Breeding management Not started Not target so far 1.6 Piglet marketing Not started No target yet 1.7 Monitoring Have been conducting efficiently continues 2.1 Selection of farmers/group Five farmers groups selected 100% as of target 2.2 Group mobilization Not started No target so far 2.3 Technical level training Provided to 20 technicians Continues in following

year 2.4 Farmers level training Provided to 85 farmers Continues 2.5 Preparation &distribution of booklets

Final phase of publication Will be completed in next trimester

2.6 Preparation of video documentary

Video recording works are doing continuously

Continues

2.7 Data compilation and report making

Have been doing periodically Continues

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) • Baseline report has been prepared by conducting household survey of 100 households in the

Sankhuwasabha district. • Five farmers groups having participatory farmers for rearing and establishment of resource centre of

pakhribas black pig in the district identified and selected. • Capacity and skills of 85 participatory farmers and pig grower have been enhanced through

providing farmers level training on improved pig husbandry practices. • Total of twenty technical staff were trained to guide participatory farmers properly and tackle the

problem facing by pig growers in the field efficiently. • Fifty pig shed were constructed in the field of participatory farmers with providing major technical

and financial support from the project. • Total of fifty piglets (10 male & 40 female) of pakhribas black pig have been distributed to the

participatory farmers of five location ( 2 male & 8 female in each) in the way of establishing resource centre of pakhribas black pig in the district.


Project Title: Degraded Cultivated Land Management to improve Product and Productivity for food Security in Arghakhanchi District

Project No: 703/2009/10 Project Coordinator: ;bfgGb h};LAddress: lzjfno uf=lj=;= jf8{ g+= $ k|ultrf]s, s'Zdf kj{tTelephone: )^&– $@)(#& df]jfO{n (*$!##%(*# Fax: )^&– $@)#*# Email: [email protected] : [email protected] Collaborating organisations: • u|fld0f ;d'bfo :jf:Yo ljsf; s]Gb|, c3f{vf+rL

• lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfo{no, c3f{vf+rL • lhNnf e" ;+/If0f sfof{no, c3f{vf+rL

Start Date: efb| )^& End Date: r}q )^( Project Cost: @((*%(^.Location of Project: c3f{vf+rL lhNnfsf # uflj; - g'jfsf]6, l9s'/f / wgrf}/_

Background dfgljo ljsf;sf] nflu k|s[ltn] lbPsf ;|f]t dWo] g]kfndf # æhÆ hldg -v]tL of]Uo_, hn / h+un kof{Kt pknAw 5g . s'n hg;+Vofsf] ^%=^ k|ltzt s[lifdf cfwfl/t ePsf]n] g]kfnsf] cfyL{s ljsfzsf] d]?b09 / bLuf] cfwf/ klxnf] æhÆ -hldg_ xf]] eGg lxlRsrfph' kb}{g . s[lif If]qsf] ljsfzsf]nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] ljsfz vr{sf] lgs} 7"nf] c+z jif]{gL nufgL ul//x]sf] 5 . t/ s]lx bzs cl3;Dd vfwfGg lgof{t ug]{ g]kfnkdf jif]{gL !,##,))) d]=6g vfwfGg cefj x'g] u/]sf] 5 . c3f{vfFrL lhNnfdf aflif{s vfBfGg Go"gtf !#!&#=!# d]=6g\ /x]sf] 5 -s[ljsf c3f{vf+rL )^^_ . To;} u/L g]kfnsf] dfgljo pkof]udf /x]sf] e"ldjf6 k|ltjif{ k|ltx]S6/ %‐@)) d]= 6g dlnnf] df6f] au]/ uPsf] b]lvG5 . c3f{vfrL lhNnfdf klg s[lif ljsfzsf] nflu /;folgs dn ljifbLsf] k|of]u j9]sf] 5 . l;+uf] 8f8fnfO{ Pp6} kf6f] agfO{Psf le/fnf] hldgdf jl9 vghf]t ug]{ v]lt k|0ffnL oyfjt 5 . u'0f:t/Lo k|fËf/Ls dnsf] pkof]uaf6 s[lif pTkfbg j[l4 P+j df6f]sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg s'/f klg cfd ls;fg ;Dd k'u]sf] 5}g . To;}u/L sf]z]jfnL hftsf lj?jfsf] pkof]u åf/f s[lif e"ldsf] u'0f:t/ j[l4 / IfoLs/0f lgoGq0f af/]df klg ls;fgx? ;hu ePsf] kfO{b}g . le/fnf] hldgdf k|fËf/Ls dnsf] ;6\6f /f;folgs dnsf] cGwfw'Gw / c;Gtl'ng k|of]un] kxf8L If]qsf] s[lif e"ldsf] IfoLs/0f al9 /x]sf] 5 . c3f{vfFrL lhNnfdf emg l;+u} 8f8fsf] Pp6f kf6f] jgfpg] k/Dk/fn] ubf{ cGoq eGbf jl9 IfoLs/0f ePsf] 5 . o; k|lqmofnfO{ ls;fgsf] ;+nUgtfdf lgoGq0f gug]{ xf] eg] s]xL jif{df d?e"dL kl/0ft x'g] b]lvG5 . olx ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ of] cfof]hgf k|:tfj tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . Project Summary

le/fnf] hldgdf jl9 vghf]t ug]{ kg]{ afnL k|0ffnL, u'0f:t/xLg k|fËf/Ls dn jf cGwfw'Gw /;folgs dnsf] k|of]u jf6 g]kfnsf] s[life"ldsf] IfoLs/0f eO{/x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf s[lif e"lddf cToflws e"Ifo x'g] !@ lhNnf dWo] c3{vfFrL klg Ps xf] . pTkfbgdf cg's'n k|efj kfb}{ s[lif e"ldsf] ;+/If0f / u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ ug]{ k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo xf] . “ub}{ / l;Sb} hfg]Æ tl/sf cjnDjg u/L ls;fgx?jf6} ;dtlno /]vfdf lhljt cfnL (contour line hedgerow) lgdf0f{, sf]z]jfnL v]tL j[l4, k|fËf/Ls dnsf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/4f/f bLuf] ?kdf df6f]sf] Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . o;jf6 s[lo pTkfbg / xl/of] 3fF;sf] cfk"lt{df j[l4 x'g]5 . of] cof]hgf NARDF sf] “v]lt k|f0fnLsf] pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{Æ p2]Zo cg's'n /x]sf] 5 . o;sf pknAwLx?nfO{ ls;fgx? / ;~rf/ dfWofdsf] ;xof]udf jf:tljs pkef]Qmf ;Dd k'/fO{g] 5 . Project Purpose/Objectives o; cfof]hgfn] Ifltu|;t s[lif e"ldsf] Joj:yfkgåf/f s[lif j:t'sf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{ p2]Zo /fv]sf] 5 . cfof]hgf If]qdf ds}sf] xfnsf] pTkfbsTj @=* d]=6g\÷x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] cGTo;Dd cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ?kn] ;+nUg #)) ls;fgx?sf] slDtdf #) x]S6/ jf/Ldf ds}sf] pTkfbsTj # d]=6g÷x]S6/ k'¥ofpg] 5 . cfof]hgf If]qdf sf]z]jfnL sf] pTkfbg @) s]hL k|lt kl/jf/ /x]sf]df cfof]hgfsf] cGTo;Dddf $) s]hL÷jif{÷kl/jf/sf b/n] !@ d]=6g sf]z]jfnLsf] pTkfbg x'g] cj:yf ;[hgf ul/g] 5 . lxp+bdf vfnL /xg] * x]S6/ hldgdf slDtdf %) 6g yk cfn' pTkfbg x'g] 5 . o;jf6 cfof]hgf If]qsf] vfB ;'/Iffdf yk j[l4 x'g] 5 . /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifsf] p2]zo ævfB ;'/Iff clej[l4Æ / æv]tL k|0ffnLsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj clej[l4 ug]{Æ k|fyldstf /x]sf] 5 . o; cfof]hgfn] ;+rfng ug]{ ljleGg lqmofsnfkx? kZrft cfof]hgf If]qdf ds}, cfn'


tyf sf]z]jfnLsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj b'j} j[l4 x'g]5 . t;y{ o; cfof]hgfn] /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifsf] p2]Zo k|fyldstf If]qdf k|ToIf of]ubfg ug]{ 5 .

Beneficiaries o; cfof]hgfsf d'Vo nfeflGjt ju{ eg]s]f # uf=lj=;=sf yf]/} / ?vf] kfvf] hldg ePsf !% ;d"xdf cfj4 #@) ;fgf tyf ul/j ls;fgx? x'g]5g\ . k|:tfljt cfof]hgfndf ;+nUg x'g] ls;fgx? dWo] !% k|ltzt blnt, !) k|lt;t hghftL / slDtdf @)) dlxnf ls;fg /xg] 5g\ . oL ls;fgx?n] cf+km\gf] hldgdf k/Dk/f b]lv ul/ cfPsf] v]tL k|0ffnLjf6 v]tL ubf{ ePsf] v]tL of]Uo e"ldsf] IfoLs/0fjf6 hf]lug cfjZos 1fg, l;k, wf/0ff / k|ljlw l;Sg l;sfpg kfpg]5g\ . o;/L l;s]sf] 1fg, l;k, tyf k|ljlwnfO{ k|of]u ul/ pko'Qm nfu]sf] ljlw÷k|ljlwnfO{ pkof]u ul/ cfkm\gf] hldgsf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ / pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj j[l4eO{ nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ .

o;} ul/ cfof]hgf If]q j/k/ /x]sf cGo ls;fgx?n] klg cfof]hgf If]qdf ePsf s[ofsnfk tyf ultljlwjf/] ;f]w v]fh ul/ ;]fjf6 k|fKt ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/LnfO{ cfkm\gf] hldgdf cg's/0f ul/ nfeflGjt x'g ;Sg]5g\ . To; jfx]s ;f] cfof]hgfdf k|of]u ePsf] k|ljlw tyf cfof]hgfsf ;kmntf tyf l;sfO{ jf/] /]l8of]jf6 k|;f/0f x'g] ;"rgf hfgsf/Ljf6 cfof]hgf If]q jflx/sf xhf/f}+ ls;fgx? klg nfeflGjt x'g ;Sg]5g\ .

cfof]hgfdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/L, ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx? klg cfof]hgf If]qdf ;+rflnt ljleGg lqmofsnfkjf6 k|fKt l;sfO{ , ls;fgx?sf cg'e"tL, ef]ufO{ tyf l;sfO{ af/]df hfgsf/L kfO{ cfkm\gf] Ifdtf, bIftf clej[l4 ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt ug]{5g\ . Targeted Out puts and Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Output 1 : s[lif e"ldsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/, clDnokgf sld tyf d'Vo vfB tTj -NPK_ sf] pknJwtfdf j[l4 x'g]5.

!=!= cfof]hgf;+u k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg #)) ls;fg kl/jf/n] cfkm\gf] jf/Ldf hLljt cfnL jGg] u/L sf]zLjfnL hftsf 8fn]3f+; tyf e'O{ 3f+; /f]k0f ul/ slDtdf ! /f]kgL hldgsf] df6f] au]/ hfgaf6 hf]ufPsf x'g]5g\ .

!=@= df6f]sf] gd"gf k/LIf0fdf b]vLg] dWod :t/sf] clDnPkgf ePsf hldg ;fdfGo :t/df, / Go"gtfsf] cj:yfdf b]lvPsf NPK and Organic Matter df ;'wf/ eO{ dWod :t/df k'u]sf] x'g]5 .

Output 2 : ls;fgx?n] v]tLsf] nflu cf+km}n] pTkfbg ug]{ 3/]n' dndf vfBtTjsf] pknJwtf j[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 . @=! cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ?kn] ;+nUg #)) ls;fgsf] uf]7]dndf pknJw x'g] gfO{6«f]hg )=%Ü af6 j[l4 eO{ )=&%Ü

k'u]sf] x'g]5 . @=@ cfof]hgf If]qdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg #)) ls;fgx?n] xfn ;+/If0fdf Wofg glbPsf] uf]7]dnnfO{ 3fd kfgL af6

;'/Iff / To;} v]/ kmfnL /x]sf] kz'd'qsf] ;+sng tyf ;b'kof]u ug]{ kl/kf6L j;fn]sf x'g]5g\ .

Output 3 : ls;fgx?sf] jfnL rqm k|0ffnL / afnL ;3gtfdf ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g]5 . #=! cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg #)) ls;fgn] slDtdf ! /f]kgL hldgdf ! k6s sf]z]jfnL v]tL nufpg] afnL

k|0ffnL ckgfPsf x'g]5g\ . #=@ cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg #)) ls;fgn] slDtdf !÷! /f]kgL kfvf} jf/Ldf df6f]sf] u'0f:t/ glju|g] ul/ #

v]tL k|0ffnL ckgfO{ /x]sf x'g]5g\ .

Output 4 : ;kmn / cg's/0fLo pknlJwx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] x'g]5 . $=! :yflgo tyf /fli6«o ;+rf/ dfWodjf6 cfof]hgfsf ;kmn pknJwLx/sf] k|sf;g tyf k|;f/0f ul/ /x]sf x'g]5g\ . $=@ cfof]hgf If]q jflx/sf @)) ls;fgx?n] uf]7]dn ;'wf/ / kz'd'qsf] ;b'kof]u u/]sf x'g]5g\ .

Up-scaling Pathways

o; cfof]hgfdf :yfgLo uf=lj=;= tyf /fhg}lts kf6L{sf k|ltlglwx? ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf s[ifsx?sf] cg'ej cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g] 5 . o;af6 uf=lj=;=sf lglt lgdf{tfx?df of] sfo{qmdsf] cfjZostf / dxTj jf]w eO{ o; k|sf/sf] sfo{qmdsf]nflu uflj;jf6 /sd ljlgof]hg ug{ pTk|]/0ff ldNg] 5 . o;/L ljlgof]lht /sdjf6 cfof]hgfsf cu'jf s[ifs dfkm{t gofF gofF If]qdf cfof]hgfsf k|efjx? lj:tf/ eO{ lhljt cfnL lgdf{0f, uf]7]dn Joj:yfkg, kz'd"qsf] ;b'kof]u Pj+ sf]z]jfnL v]tL ug]{ ls;fgx?sf] ;+Vof j[l4 /xg] 5 . cfof]hgf If]qdf k|fËf/Ls dnsf] u'0f:t/ j[l4 ug]{ ljlw k|ljlw l;sfOg] x'gfn] ls;fgx?n] k|fËf/Ls dndfq k|of]u u/L v]tL ug{ pT;flxt eO{ o;jf6 ;f] If]q k|fËf/Ls v]tL ug]{ If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; x'g]5 . c3f{vf+rLdf ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodjf6 s[lif j:t'sf] jhf/ Joj:yfkg ug]{ k|lqmof cf/De eO{ ;s]sf]n] ls;fgx?nfO{ To:tf ;xsf/Ldf ;+nUg eO{ cfkm\gf] pTkfbg a]Rg pTk|]/Lt ul/g] 5 . o;jf6 ls;fgx? Dfem cfof]hgfsf pknJwLx?sf] lg/Gt/tf sfod /xg] 5 . cfof]hgfsf pknJwLx?nfO{ ;+rf/ dfWodjf6 k|rf/ k|;f/ ul/g] 5 . o;jf6 cfof]hgf If]q jflx/ klg of] ljlw k|ljlw lj:tf/ x'g] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] cGTodf tof/ kf/Lg] >Jo b[Zo ;fdfu|L -Documentary_ jf6 klg cGo ls;fgx?n] l;Sg] j'em\g] cj;/ k|fKt ug]{5g\ .


o; cfof]hgfn] s[ifsx?nfO{ df6f]sf] cj:yf / u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ ug]{ ljlw k|ljlw ckgfO{ v]tL ug{ nufp+bf cGg tyf sf]z]jfnLsf] pTkfbg klg j[l4 x'g]5 . o;/L j[l4 ePsf] jfnLsf] klxnf] pkof]u stf{ :j+o ls;fgx? x'g]5g\ . o;jf6 pgLx?sf] cfkm\g} pTkfbgn] vfg k'Ug] ;dofjlwdf j[l4 x'g] x'gfn] ls;fgx?n] o; cfof]hgfsf pknJwLx?sf] lg/Gt/ ;+/If0f / ljsf; u/L /xg]5g\ . o; cfof]hgfn] ls;fgx?nfO{ df6f] Joj:yfkgdf afgL a;fpg] ul/ cEof; u/fpg] 5 . afgL a;L ;s]sf] ls;fgn] ;f] ljlw k|ljlwnfO{ lg/Gt/ pkof]u u/L kmfO{bf lnO{ /xg] 5 . c?n] u/sf] k|ultsf] cg's/0f ug{ ls;fgx?nfO{ l;sfpg} kb}{g . cfof]hgf If]qsf ls;fgx?n] k|of]u u/sf ljlw k|ljlwx?jf6 ePsf kmfO{bf b]v]sf pgLx?sf gftf uf]tf tyf Oi6ldqn] ;lhn} cg';/0f ug]{5g\ . o;/L klg cfof]hgfsf pknJwLx/sf] k|;f/ tyf lj:tf/ x'g] 5 .


Activities Proposed Activities Progress status !=! sfo{qmdjf/] hfgsf/L @)^& cflZjg df ;DkGg !=@ cfwf/e"t tYof+s ;+sng tyf ljZn]if0f @)^& d+l;/df ;Dkgg !=# s[ifs tflnd @)^& df3df ;DkGg !=$ lhljt cfnL gd"gf k|b{zg @)^& df3jf6 z'?jft eO{ /x]sf] lg/Gt/ ?kdf ;Grfng eO{ /x]sf] !=% lhljt cfnL lgdf{0f cleofg @)^& df3jf6 z'?jft eO{ /x]sf] lg/Gt/ ?kdf ;Grfng eO{ /x]sf] !=^ df6f] kl/If0f tyf s[lif r"gsf] k|of]udf ;xof]u @)^& df3df ;DkGg !=& Plss[t vfB tTj Joj:yfkg s[ifs kf7zfnf @)^& r}qjf6 z"?jft lg/Gt/ rln /x]sf] @=! uf]7]dn Joj:yfkg ;d'x tflnd @)^& r}qdf ;DkGg @=@ sDkf]i6 dn tyf xl/of] dn pTkfbg / pkof]u @)^*c;f/df df ;DkGg, bf]>f] jif{sf] ;Grfng eO{ /x]sf]

@=# kz'd"q ;b'kof]u cleofg @)^& d+l;/df ;DkGg

#=! sf]z]jfnL v]tL s[ifs tflnd k|yd jif{sf] @)^& r}qdf ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf] bf]>f]jif{sf] lg/Gt/ rln /x]sf]

#=@ s[ifssf] cu'jfO{df glthf k|b{zg @)^* r}qdf df ;DkGg ePsf], bf]>f] jif{sf] z"? eO{ /x]sf]

$=! s[ifs cg'ej cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qm k|yd jif{sf] @)^* c;f/df ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf], bf]>f] jif{sf] @)^( c;f/df ug]{ tof/L eO{ /x]sf]

$=@ lhNnf :tl/o ;dGjo j}7s k|yd jif{sf] @)^* c;f/df ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf], bf]>f] jif{sf] @)^( c;f/df ug]{ tof/L eO{ /x]sf]

$=# ;+rf/ dfWodjf6 k|rf/ k|;f/ @)^& efb| b]vL lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfof]hgfsf ultljlw, pknlJwx? tyf To; ;DjlGw ;dfrf/ :yflgo b]p/fnL Pkm=Pd=jf6 k|;f/0f x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

$=$ >Jo b[Zo ;fdfu|L pTkfbg / k|;f/0f xfn ;Dd ePsf s[ofsnfkx? c3f{vf+rL 86 sd n] /]s8{ ul/ ;Dkfbg sfo{ eO{ /x]sf], t]>f] jif{sf] k|yd rf}dfl;sdf k|;f/0f ug]{ ul/ tof/L ul/ /x]sf]

$=% cg'udg tyf d'Nof+sg kl/of]hgf l6d, lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfo{no, lhNnf e' ;+/If0f sfo{nojf6 lgoldt ?kdf eO{ /x]sf]

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Project Title: Improving household income and livelihood of rural farmers groups

through postharvest handling and processing of HVC crops in Kusaha Laxminiya, Hanuman nagar pra-dha and Pipra pra-dha VDCs of Siraha district of eastern Nepal

Project No: PP 704/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Mr Satya Nrayan Shah Address: Mohanpur Kamalpur-6, Siraha Telephone: 9852831093 Fax: NA Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: 1. District Development Committee, Siraha

2. District Agriculture Development Office, Siraha 3. Village Development Committee, Kusaha Laxminiya 4. Village Development Committee, Hanuman nagar pra-dha 5. Village Development Committee, Pipra pra-dha

Start Date: 2067. 05. 23 End Date: 2069. 05.22 Project Cost: NRs. 19,96,032.00 Location of Project: Mohanpur Kamalpur-6, Siraha

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Siraha is one of the 16 districts of the Eastern Development Region (EDR) of Nepal. The district is situated in the southern part of the country where alluvial soil of Gangatic plain with tropical climatic condition make the district the most promising agricultural land in the country. Agriculture is the main and traditional occupation of the habitant and takes major stakes of the household (HH) income. Beside cereal grains which generally used as staple food; fruits, vegetable, and spices also called as high value crops (HVC) are the major source of HH earnings. Area covered by the HVCs in the district is about 15 percent only; nevertheless its coverage is increasing at faster rate compare to cereals.

The district possesses 73913 ha of agricultural land of which only 60757 ha land is being used for cultivation. About 80.52 percent population has agriculture as a main occupation and 31.82 % resident survive below poverty line in the district (DADO, Siraha, 2065). Significant habitants of these sites are Dalit and OBC casts - Paswan, Chamar, Tatma, Khatabe, Dhobi, Tharu chaudhary. The proportion of HHs having the land holding of below 0.25 ha is dominating; 31.82 %, and below 0.5 ha is about 31.73 %. Involvement of female in agriculture in the district surpasses male and goes as maximum as 84.44 per cent. The district has fairly developed road linkage and most of them are graveled serving as artery for the agriculture development. The district is linked with Indian border which accelerate the market network for agricultural commodities. Likewise, east-west highway passes through the district linking with remaining parts of the nation. HVCs especially green vegetables (Cabbage, cauliflower, tomato, radish, guards, beans etc) are the major source of household earning and livelihood for rural poor. They offer potentialities for high income per unit area in areas of acute land scarcity with favorable income generation, poverty reduction and environmental effects. Several high value vegetable crops like tomato, cabbage, cauliflowers, beans, hot papers, vegetables, potato, etc are being intensively cultivated in the proposed VDCs. Due to the road connectivity in almost all VDCs of the district and outsides vegetable products are fairly getting markets. Development of market facility in road accessible areas of the district provides work opportunity and cash income to the different layers of the rural people.

Nonetheless, farmers of the district particularly in the proposed VDCs do not getting maximum benefit from vegetable growing as they lack knowledge on post-harvest processing and handling of the crops (DADO A/R, 20664/65). Limited knowledge on handling, packaging, transporting, storage and processing of vegetable; growers are compel to sell commodities in cheaper prices as they are perishable in nature and cannot kept a


long duration. It is continuously felt that limited knowledge and awareness and poor technical knowhow about the post-harvest processing and market networking, these farmers are not receiving proper benefit from the vegetable farming. Such issues have been constantly rising in Regional Agriculture Technical Working Group meeting in Biratnagar and Tarahara (RATWG) and in district level workshop organized by the DADO and DDC Siraha (Workshop reports-DADO, DDC, Siraha, 2007). Considering the challenges and related opportunity to the rural farmers NARDF has also put this topic in his list of priority. So, it is the high time to take this opportunity for the benefit of those rural farmers whose livelihood solely depends on the vegetable farming in small land holdings with limited knowledge on postharvest management and processing and access to the market being more and more competitive.

Project Purpose/Objectives The project aims to improve the livelihood and socio-economic status of the farmers residing in the 3 selected VDCs and involved in the vegetable growing in particular and in the Siraha district in general. By aiming that, the project will attempt to improve the marketable quality of vegetable produces by implication of advance post-harvest processing and handling technologies in the rural farming. Similarly, it will manage to minimize post-harvest looses which farmers are facing right from farm to marketing. Though, few progressive farmers of the district are trying to manage the problem, however, lack of skills and knowledge about the post harvest handling and processing and awareness from the grass root level of the growers limiting the success in this regards. Limited knowledge on market information, pricing structure and weak linkage with stakeholders, suppliers and buyers are another part of coin loosing farm income. In this scenario, the project aims to improve the knowledge and skills of farmers and create awareness about post harvest works, quality attributes of the products and its market value, and the relation with all stakeholders including financial institutions. However, some specific purposes are as follows:

• Social mobilization and group formations including awareness campaigns on social equity issues, project interventions, and group management skills, and identification of development opportunities, and promote mixed or women only groups to enhance the participations of women;

• Identification of existing and potential vegetable crop production area and marketing points and clustering of farmers by commodities to attain economies of scale in production and ease of looking for markets with sufficient volume that will match the needs of the clients;

• Vocational and technical training on producing identified on and off-season vegetables and post-harvest practices for better market quality and shelf life;

• Capacity building in market awareness (quality, supply requirements, prices, bargaining skills/capacity) and assist in linking farmers groups or clusters to the market;

• Assist farmer groups in production planning in relation to market demand; • Assist farmer groups in keeping simple farm record books of expenses and income for farm planning

and budgeting; • Networking of farmers groups with quality input (seed, fertilizer, machinery, insecticide, pesticides)

suppliers, traders, processors, and public and private service providers including the Department of Agriculture (DOA), local based organizations and rural finance institutions;

• Providing the farmers with skill based training in areas such as transport, packaging (weaving of baskets for transport), production (on farm labor), primary processing (product washing and drying), tool making and servicing (repair of small equipment)

Beneficiaries The immediate beneficiaries of the project will be the rural HHs of the farmers’ groups – 3 groups in each cluster with 20 to 25 farmers in each group - from all 3 clusters of the project sites as their involvement is envisaged in almost all project activities. Their participation makes them aware about methodology of activities, implementation procedures, project outputs and the dissemination process. At least 225 HHs and farm families from 3 VDCs who will be involved for the programme activities would be the prime beneficiaries of the project. By using project outputs they will receive extra benefit from their post harvest and marketing practices and improving their earnings. Improvement in quality of marketable products, minimizing post harvest and transportation losses and market assurance ensures them for better profit


margin. Similarly, households of adjacent VDCs which number would be much greater will also be benefited from the project outputs. The ultimate beneficiaries of the research findings would be the entire farm communities of the VDCs and the district, entrepreneurs, line agencies, brokers, middleman, input suppliers, local NGOs, CBOs, cooperatives, and other concerned, who can adopt this technology and make extra benefit for their livelihood. Skill development training on postharvest handling and processing of HVC commodities which are planned in the project activities for participant farmers provide them sustainable way of earnings and those activities similarly support for agricultural operations and marketing creating the new avenue for initiation or intensification of commercialization process in the district. All these people will be benefited from the project outputs. Farmers from minority, other backward casts, janjati, dalit, women which the project is targeted will also be benefited from the project outputs as their involvement will receive high priority during the farmers’ selection and group formation. So, it is anticipated that the project activities and outputs directly influences and benefit to the farmers from the grass root level who are the most vulnerable and needy ones in these days.


There are three major outputs of this project. The objectively verifiable indicators for those outputs are listed and explained as under: 1. At least 50 % postharvest losses of high value crops (cabbage, cauliflower, tomato, radish, guard, bean)

controlled/minimized in compare to current in the 3 command areas of the project district by 2012. The farm HHs involved in the project implementation will acquire ample knowledge and field-based experiences to cope up with such loses and feel the benefit gained from the process.

2. At least 80 % quality attributes of marketable vegetable (HVC) commodities improved by the end of project period 2012. It is expected that the quality of rural produced vegetables will improve drastically by introducing simple farm fit techniques and knowledge as well as local materials.

3. At the end of project period 2012 at least 1 video documentary and about 1250 printing material about project outputs prepared and published. In order to make the intervened technology more popular and reliable not limiting to the project sites, it is planned to make effective and tangible extension materials both in the form of electronic and print media. These released materials certainly influences the surrounding community of rural farmers towards vegetable farming in a new way where they can fetch more farm get price and consequently more economic benefit for their family.

Up-scaling Pathways Various activities are envisaged in order to make the project outputs more broad and adoptive. Basically third output is designed for the promotion of project outcomes to wider auditory. In which, preparation of booklets, leaflets and posters, snapping a documentary film based on success story, organization of visit and interaction programs of farmers group other than the project sites to the warehouse and markets-one group to one cluster having 50 HHs representative, use of local FM for broadcasting of project results-at least one broadcasting from each cluster and finally a workshop including all stakeholders, project partners and beneficiaries for the discussion of project outputs and for development of future action plan will be proposed. Besides, visit of a multi stakeholders group (DADO, DDC, VDC, Political parties representative etc) to the project implemented sites at the end of each year activity also support to increase the magnitude of project results. Direct involvement of farmers in almost all activities will assure the absorption of project outputs in quicker rate and wider scale. Visit of non-participant farmers other than the project sites to the project implementing areas will certainly make the radius of scaling widen and more prominent. The extension material altogether will be at least 1250 in numbers. Trimester wise technical and financial reports, annual reports and completion reports will be prepared and submitted timely and as requested by NARDF secretariat. Detail of its number is presented in D3. So, it is believed that all these planned promotion path ways positively fulfill the need of uptake and up scaling of project outputs SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs: The proposed project has targeted to achieve basically 3 major tasks towards improving the household incomes of the HVC growers and concerned stakeholders. The objective will be met by improving the


postharvest handling and processing of HVC commodities, their marketing channelization and improving the quality of produces. Improving in these sectors the overall marketable produces will fetch higher prices and similarly their volume of supply will increase considerably as intermediate looses minimized significantly. Emergence of well organized farmers’ group in a cluster with a common goal of improving quantity and quality of HVCs through applying improved practices and technologies will be an essence of this project.

1. Farmers will be well aware of careful harvesting, proper packaging, storage, transport, sanitation and conducting successful marketing with functional relation with all concerned stakeholders leading to additional income from the products. Till now they have very limited knowledge about the process of postharvest handling and processing technology compelling to lose considerable amount of benefit from the business. The published materials in the form of booklets, posters and even handouts will create awareness and skills to the farmers’ both of project related and fringed from adjoining VDCs which will undoubtedly enhance their margins of vegetable farming

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Identification of

targeted project households and intervention domain

Three Wards 3, 1 and 9 of Pipra pra.dha VDC, Ward Nos 7,8,9 of Hanuman Nagar pra.dha VDC and Ward Nos (5,6), 8 and 9 of Kush Laxminiya VDC were selected for project activities.

V.D.C. level information were collected in consultation with major stakeholders; DADO, Women Developments Office, DDC, NGOs and CBOs in the areas.

1.2 Preparation of socio‐economic profile of households

A questionnaires set comprising of 20 questions covering different aspects of household and HVC farming were developed. Orientation Program regarding project purpose and its implementing VDCs was conducted involving major stakeholders; DADO, Women Developments Office, DDC, NGOs and CBOs in the areas. Representatives of political parties were also involved in the orientation program. All the stakeholders had common agreement on the importance of high value vegetable commodities; its post harvest loss management and development of proper market networks for uplifting socio economic condition of the farm families involved in Siraha district. House hold survery was conducted in all 9 selected VDCs.

1.3 Creation of farmers’ clusters by HVC commodities and farmers’ groups; social mobilization and awareness campaigns, and orientation about the program

VDC level meetings were organized at Pipra pra.dha, Hanuman Nagar pra.dha and Kusha Laxminiya VDCs for selection of farmers’ group. Three vegetable Farmers’ Groups were selected at Ward Nos 3, 1 and 9 of Pipra pra.dha VDC. Three vegetable Farmers’ Groups were selected at Ward Nos 5, (5,7) and (7,8,9) of Hanuman Nagar pra.dha VDC. Likewise, three vegetable Farmers’ Groups were selected at Ward Nos (5,6), 8 and 9 of Kush Laxminiya VDC. Altogether 9 groups were selected for the implementation of project activities. Groups were formed based on the households having similar type of agricultural occupations or farming


commodities especially vegetables. In each group, 25 farmers have been selected.

1.4 Identification of problems, opportunity and needs of the farmers on cultivated HVC commodities including marketing

Problems raised in KIS and Focus group discussions among farmers in groups were prioritized. These are as follows: i. Problems in the field with regards to production Lack of proper production technology among growers. Unfavorable environment (draught and flood) Lack of knowledge on growers regarding proper variety selection of vegetables as per season

1.5 Organization of skill development training, production technology training and post harvest trainings including storage losses

A two days training were conducted in Pipra, Hanuman nagar and Kusaha VDCs of Siraha district starting from the 2nd week of Baisakh. In each VDC, 18 vegetable growers, 6 from each cluster were included in the training. Altogether, 54 growers in Siraha district participated in the training.

1.5 Organization of skill development training, production technology training and post harvest trainings including storage losses

A two days training were conducted in Pipra, Hanuman nagar and Kusaha VDCs of Siraha district starting from the 2nd week of Baisakh. In each VDC, 18 vegetable growers, 6 from each cluster were included in the training. Altogether, 54 growers in Siraha district participated in the training.

1.6 Support for market matching program with local packaging, storage and transporting materials for marketable commodities

Need assessment of the farming clusters according to market condition was done, primarily for appropriate packaging materials for transporting HVCs. All the purchased goods were distributed to participating farmers group.

2.1 Creation of awareness training on quality attributes of cultivated HVC products with market demand, environment and public health

An awareness training/workshop was conducted at Pipra Pradha, ward no 4, On 5th of Bhadra, 2068. Altogether 30 participating farmers from clusters are selected and included in the training/workshop. Major areas discussed were quality of produce that market demands, possible use of agriculture inputs/chemicals to enhance keeping quality and possible environmental and public health issues related with agriculture inputs.

2.2 Identification of market points, buyers, suppliers in-and-outsides of the district

A survey was conducted during the last week of Sharwan to find out the local and distant market points for the possible disposal of the produce, information about buyers and suppliers, market operating system were also collected.

2.3 Introduction of grading, sorting, seizing, packaging, washing, drying and other

A Short survey conducted to collect market needs on quality aspects of HVCs from nearby markets and possible demands of the value added products in


post-harvest operations based on market need and consumer demand

the market. Based on the information from market demands and needs necessary input supplies (plastic bags, jute bags, washing tubs, and irrigation pipes for washing) were purchased and distributed.

2.4 Organizing interaction and visit programs for farmers’ group (to the market, buyer, wholesalers, processors and traders)

Among all members of the farmers group, ten from each group were selected (altogether 30) and taken to the visit program at local as well as near by markets to meet and interact with wholesalers, processors and traders.

2.5 Networking of farmers groups with input (seed,

fertilizer, machinery, insecticide, pesticides)

suppliers, traders, processors, and public and private

service providers including the District level line

agencies, research institutions and rural finance

institutions

An interaction meeting was organized at office of RCDO to develop networking of participating farmers with input suppliers. All major suppliers from district, DADO and other line agencies and NGOs were invited in the meeting.

2.6 Organization of sharing and interaction programs among farmers' group and farmers' clusters

A sharing and interaction programs /meeting was organized among participating farmers clusters to share and discuss the issues related to post harvest handling of HVCs , learning till now and effectiveness of this project.

3.1 Develop extension materials in the form of booklets, leaflets and posters

One book on post-harvest handling of vegetables (in Nepali) was prepared, printed and distributed to participating farmers. Similarly one booklet and one leaflets (500 each) were printed and distribute to farmers and stakeholders.

Project achievement: Following are the achievements attained by this project till date: A detailed Socio-economic profile of the project domain was developed. Three farmers group dealing with high value commodity was formed for long term purpose. Major problems on HVCs of the project domain, well documented. Farmers group are well oriented for the importance of post-harvest operation and their importance for loss

minimization. Conduction of nine skill development trainings on post harvest handling. Distribution of materials needed for post-harvest operations One book on post-harvest handling, one leaflet and one poster was printed (500 each) and distributed to

stakeholders. Preparation of training Manuel on handling of HVCs.


Project Title: Women Entrepreneurship Development on Vegetables Production

using Value Chain Approach in Makawanpur Project No: 705/2009-10 Project Coordinator: Keshav Prasad Shrestha Address: Women Empowerment and Skill Development Centre, Manahari-5,

Pratappur, Makawanpur, Nepal Telephone: 014412840 (O), 9841603221 Chairman

9851112805 / 9741046691 (Coordinator) Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organizations: 1 DADO, Makawanpur

2 Manahari Village Development Committee Start Date: Sept 9, 2010 End Date: June 2013 Project Cost: NRs. 1995,000:00 (Nineteen lakh ninety five thousands only) Location of Project: Manahari VDC

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Vegetable farming is one of the potential sources of income and a reliable means for the reduction of poverty and malnutrition persisting over the hills of Nepal (AEC, 2006). Higher market opportunity and market price have attracted the farmers in the vegetable production enterprise. On the one hand vegetable significantly improved the livelihood of rural farmers, one the other hand it has accelerated the new trend of heavy use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides and is creating many negative effects on the environment, eco-system and human health (Budathoki et al., 1999). If such trend continues, new generations will face many threats for managing natural resources and environment. In consequence, the sustainability in the agriculture production will be in peril. Increasing use of agro-chemicals, higher production cost and deteriorating ecosystem health have advocated the need to change traditional and external input use agriculture towards safe and sustainable organic production (Bhatta, 2009). Therefore, organic vegetable production as an important alternative is to be encouraged. Government has also given thrust in organic production of agricultural commodities and prioritized use of organics in all policies and programs (MoAC, 2065). Chepangs and other Janajati along with Dalits are excluded from main stream socio-political arena and categorized as the poorest of the poor in Nepal. They posses very small land holding but have own rich traditional values, practices and culture. These people are still practicing traditional farming system on the basis of locally available natural resources, particularly for the management of soil and insect pests. Some indigenous knowledge and skills are being practiced in the rural communities for vegetable production (DADO, Makawanpur, 2064). Thus, a small effort could encouragement them to produce towards organic vegetable which would be highly advantageous to them and the nation as well. In the line, the project has been proposed for Chepang, Tamang, Rai and Dalit communities that government has identified as the most disadvantaged ethnic groups in the country. Thus, this project will be implementing along the highway road corridor areas of Manahari VDC of Makawanpur in order to raise the socio-economic condition of the people through development of towards organic vegetable enterprise for the women of the disadvantaged ethnic groups. There are many successful stories of transformation of traditional farming system to commercial one in road corridors and Shiduwa Multiple Cooperative Limited in Dhankuta along Tehrathum-Dharan is the best example (Chapagain and Khatiwada, 2004).

Project Purpose/Objectives Promotion of organic oriented vegetables for the Janajati (Chepang, Tamang and Rai) and dalit women of Makawanpur district The main purpose of the project is to transform traditional subsistence farming system to organic oriented vegetable production and establish it as a commercial farm enterprise for the benefit of marginalized and


disadvantaged Chepang and other Janajati and Dalit ethnic people in Manahari VDC of Makawanpur district. The underemployment is high among Women, Dalit and Janajati ethnic people due to discriminatory socio-cultural systems (Pun, 2008). To empower the nationally disadvantaged ethnic groups socially as well as economically, the project will impart the technology of organic oriented vegetable production by applying local inputs and experiences with limited use of external fertilizer and pesticides. An extensive field demonstration of organic oriented production technology for vegetable crops will be carried out along with the trainings. Locally available resources for the manures and bio-pesticides will be utilized. Thus, the project will contribute in developing sustainable vegetable production pockets in Makawanpur for higher return from the increased market price of Terai urban areas and Kathmandu. The project also generates rural employment, support family nutrition and improve socio-economic condition of the Chepang, Dalit and Janajati community of project location.

Beneficiaries In Manahari VDC, Janajati including Chepang occupies 8,604 (62%) of total population of Manahri VDC. Similarly, Dalit holds 910 (6.58%) population of the VDC. Within the Janajati Tamang, Chepang and Rai ethnich group hold 37.8, 7.73 and 6.25 percent population of the VDC. Therefore, these ethnic group are the immediate beneficiaries of this project. The project outputs will generate employment and income to the 300 rural people to the disadvantaged community, so living standard of the people would be improved. Particularly, women farmers will be involved in the project and get trained supported by the male members of the households. Thus, they will have cash return from vegetable production throughout the year and eventually be empowered. The project will contribute to the sustainable resource management and environmental conservation in the district. In district, region, and national prospective, the demand of vegetables is increasing, thus the project would play a great role in fulfillment of domestic demand that could support tourism. Export promotion is another potential area if we could make this enterprise competitive by quality as well as quantity. Therefore, directly or indirectly, business sector as well as tourism sector would be greatly influenced. The extension agents and researchers related to the organic oriented vegetable production will get the information of organic oriented vegetable production that could be incorporated in their future programs. Similarly, the information would be advantageous to the educational sector to be used as teaching material. About 300 farmers, more than 20 vegetable traders and 1,00,000 consumers of vegetable are considered as the maor beneficiaries of the project.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) 1.1 Value Chain study of Cauliflower, Cabbage, Beans and Gourds completed and report submitted to

NARDF by December 2010. 1.2 Baseline survey of at least 200 households completed, analyzed and report submitted to the NARDF

by December 2010. 1.1 Year round production of organic oriented vegetables continued by VGG by 2013. 3.1 Four organic manures and four botanical pesticides adopted by the farmers by February 2012. 4.1 At least 300 farmers get organic oriented technologies by July 2013. 4.2 By May 2013, at least 100 farmers get trained on organic oriented vegetable production technologies. 4.3 One video documentary based on organic oriented vegetabl production published by April 2013. 4.4 By July 2013 at least 1000 leaflets and pictorial poster on organic orinetd vegetable production

technologies published and distributed. 4.5 By June 2013, 500 CDs of one vedeo documentary on organic oriented vegetable production

technology published and distributed to the stakeholder..


Up-scaling Pathways

The proposed promotion pathways for the uptake of the project outputs include the provision of i) Demonstrations of organic oriented vegetable production packages ii) training to the farmers and market information acquiring system and knowledge of working in cooperative associations to the farmers iii) Field observational study visit iv) publication of reading materials and video documentary. All the proposed outputs will be generated in partnership with research organization, government extension organization which will directly connect with a large number of end users. However, farmers adopted technology will be distributed to the other 200 non participating farmers in the Lothar-Manhari-hetauda road corrdor of in the thord year of the project. Hence total direct beneficiesries will be about 300. This information will be made available to local government development offices (DADO, NARC, and DDCs), NGOs working in the area and VDCs. All the concerned stakeholders of the value chain will be closely connected and motivated. The published leaflets and poster along with the Vedeo documentary about the organic oriented production technology will be distributed the related GOs and I/NGOs for further dissemination of the technolgy. In this ways maximum number of farmers will get the successful information of this project for their motivation. The project will develop model organic oriented production villages and even attract agro-tourism which will be beneficial in dissemination of project outputs.

Synopsis of Project Status 1. Targeted Outputs:

1. Baseline Survey and Value Chain Study on Organic Off-season Vegetables Completed: Complete value chains study of three vegetables (Cauliflower, Cabbage, and Tomato) studied for the sustainability of organic oriented vegetable production and marketing. Baseline survey with 200 household has been completed including participating and non participating farmers for the impact assessment.

2. Production Packages of Vegetables Production Demonstrated: Production packages and calendar of operation of proposed vegetables are being demonstrated in second year and farmers’ are producing organic oriented vegetables throughout the year in the rotation.

3. IMP and Soil Management practice through Organic Resources Demonstrated: IPM technologies

for the production of proposed vegetables being demonstrated for the sustainable organic oriented vegetable production and marketing.

4. Project Outputs Scaled-up: FFS, training, and publication of leaflet, pictorial poster and broadcasting

through FM radio and TV programs for the scaling-up of promising technologies will be conducted for the dissemination of technologies.


Activities Progress status Remarks Activity 1.1: Baseline Survey

The semi-structured interview schedule/questionnaires were prepared, pre-tested and comments were incorporated. Finally, baseline survey of 200 household has been completed as per the plan. The participating farmers were selected purposively as a sample household and remaining household were selected randomly. The data collected are being entered in the computer using SPSS computer software package for the analysis. The survey report will be submitted in next trimester.

Activity 1.2: Value Chain Study

Value chain study on cauliflower, cabbage, tomato and gourds vegetables has been completed.

Activity 2.1: Formation of three groups has been completed. The name and address of


Activities Progress status Remarks Group Formation these groups are: (i) Hariyali Commercial Women Farmers Group,

Manahari 5 and 6 (ii) Kalika Commercial Women Farmers Group, Manahari 9, Deukot; and (iii) Chepang Farmers Group, Manahari 3 and 4 Manahari Bazar.

Activity 2.2: Demonstration of Vegetable Production Technology

Demonstrations of Cauliflower, Cabbage, Tomato and Gourds vegetables (Bitter gourd, Bottle gourd, Sponge gourd and Cucumber) are continued in the farmers’ field. The farmers are happy with the off season (early) production of cabbage, cauliflower, tomato and gourds vegetables due to higher market price.

Activity 2.3: Benefit-Cost Ratio

Benefit cost analysis of Cauliflower and Tomato has been done produced by the farmers. The benefit-cost analysis of tomato for rainy season under the plastic shed has sown 1:3.67. Similarly, the benefit cost ratio of Cauliflower has also shown the ration of 1:2.36. Therefore, the both the technologies are far better in this locality for the income generation. At the same time opportunity cost of labor, land and use of local materials are also additional benefit for which cost has calculated.

Activity 3.1: Demonstration of Organic Manures

Demonstration of organic manures is continued in the farmer’s field. They FYM, compost as well as chicken and goat manures are being demonstrated. They are also using animal urine for the top dressing of the vegetables crops. The uses of urine as spray also work as manures as well as pesticide.

Activity 3.2: Demonstration of Botanical Pesticides

Demonstration of botanical pesticides has also being conducted. The farmers are using insecticides made from the Neem. However, some of the farmers had also used fungicides for the protection of diseases in the cauliflower. Use of cattle urine is being common as spray which is also worked as organic pesticides as well as manures.

Activity 3.3: Demonstration of Organic Manures

Demonstration was done in the field of Ram Lal Giri at Manahri-4 and Sabitri Giri at Manahari-9, Deukot. However, there were no major insect problems therefore effect of pheromone trap has not demonstrated properly.

Activity 4.1: Scaling up Technologies

Scaling-up of off season production of Cucumber, Bitter gourd, Bottle gourd, and Sponge gourd has been conducted in Manahari and Basanadi VDC. Nursery was kept in five places namely Basamadi, Deukot, Manhari, Pratappur and Ramauli and seedling has been distributed to the 90 households. The Agriculture Service Centre, Manahari of DADO, Makwanpur was involved for the distribution of seedlings. All together 5344 (five thousand thee hundred fourty four seedling has been distributed.

Activity 4.2: Farmers Field School

Farmers Field School as training are also continued. The major topic of trainings was organic off-season production technology of Cauliflower, Cabbage, Tomato, Cucumber, Bitter gourd, Bottle gourd and Sponge gourd. The training are based on the practical and participatory manner. About 90 female and male farmers got training. During the training use of different organic manures, their preparation and effectiveness were also taught.

Activity 4.3: Monitoring and Evaluation

Monitoring and evaluation of field activities has been conducting regularly. Project coordinators and its team including representative from ASC Manahari has visited several times in the field and given appropriate suggestion to the vegetable demonstrator. However, the representative from the NARDF has monitored the field activities.


Activities Progress status Remarks Activity 4.3: Video Documentary

As this is the second year of the project, the video clips has been taken and kept for further editing for the preparation of video documentary.

Activity 4.3: Publication and Publicity

Inception report and trimester reports of the project are being submitted to the NARDF office in regular basis. During the Farmers Field School, organic production technology of Cauliflower, Cabbage and Tomato and gourds vegetables prepared and distributed to the participants.

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) • Baseline survey of 100 households in project location conducted and report prepared and submitted

to the NARDF.

• Value chain study proposed vegetables like Tomato, cauliflower, cabbage and cucurbits were carried out and report submitted to the NARDF office.

• The three groups have been formed and they gave started saving and credit withing their own groups

• Demonstration of all the proposed vegetables have been made and farmers are produced early vegetables and fetched better market price and Benefit cost ration of 1:3.67 for tomato and 1:2.36 for cauliflower.

• Capacity and skills of 75 participatory farmers on organic oriented vegetable production have been enhanced through providing them FFS training.

• Vermi-compost performed best among the other tested organic manures. However, use of cattle urine is found better for the top dressing and supplementary use of manures and well as control of insect-pest as well.

• The insecticide made from the neem have found better to control insect in general.


Project Title: dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf blnt dlxnfx?sf] cfo j[l4sf nflu s'v'/f kfng

kl/of]hgfProject No: &)^÷@)^&÷^*Project Coordinator: /fd nIf0f k|;fb ofbjAddress: ;fd'bflos phf{ tyf kof{j/0f ljsf; d~r, x]6f}+8f gu/kflnsf j8f g+ $,

ch/cd/ /f]8, dsjfgk'/Telephone: (*$%!)^)*!÷(*$%)@(&(%Fax: - Email: [email protected]/ [email protected] Collaborating organizations: lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, x]6f}8f, Onfsf kz' ;]jf s]Gb|, xl6of, ufp :t/Lo

blnt OsfO{ ;ldlt, xl6of blnt dlxnf ;+3, hglk|o k|fljlws lzIffno, xl6of / nIdL bfgf pBf]u x]6f}8f & dsjfgk'/ .

Start Date: @)^& c;f]h

End Date: @)^* kmfNu'g

Project Cost: /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifaf6 ? (((!)).)) / ;fd'bflos phf{ tyf kof{j/0f ljsf; d~r af6 ? %#))).)) u/L hDdf s'n nfut ?= !)%@!)).))

Location of Project: lhNnf dsjfgk'/ xl6of uflj; j8f g+ (

cfof]hgfsf] k[i7e"ld dsjfgk'/ lhNnfdf @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ !(%@*# dlxnf / !(&$^$ k'?if ul/ hDdf #(@&$&

hg;+Vof 5 . hflto lx;fan] x]bf{ oxf+ tfdfË hflt -$&=#$ k|ltzt_ sf] afx'Notf /x]sf] 5 eg] blnt hfltsf] pkl:ylt klg oxf+ $=@& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . /fO{, bg'jf/ / dfemL h:tf cflbaf;L hftLsf] oxf+ @=(# k|ltzt hg;+Vof /x]sf] o; lhNndf a|fXd0f, If]qL, g]jf/, du/, u'?Ë / ofbj hftLx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] 5 . wfld{s lx;fjn] x]bf{ o; lhNnfdf lxGb', lqmlZrog, af}4 wd{ / d'lZnd ;Dk|bfosf dflg;x?sf] a;f]af; /x]sf] 5 . ->f]t MlhNnf k|f]kmfOn @)^^, lhlj; dsjfgk'/ _

ljsf;sf b[li6af6 x]bf{ a|fXd0f, If]qL, g]jf/, du/, ofbj / u'?Ë cGo hflt eGbf lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfo, /f]huf/ tyf kx'+rsf lx;fan] cuf8L /x]sf] 5 eg] oL ;a} s'/fx?df blnt hflt k5f8L k/]sf] 5 . lzIffsf] b[li6n] clt g} lk5l8Psf] / u/LjLsf] cj:yf x]bf{ clwsf+z blntx? hUufljlxg jf sd hUuf ePsf / jif{e/L vfg gk'Ug] cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s ?kn] k'?ifsf] :yfg cuf8L ePtf klg blnt k'?ifsf] cj:yf k5f8L k/]sf] o; ;d'bfodf dlxnfsf] cj:yf lgs} bogLo /x]sf] 5 .

kl/of]hgf ;~rflnt xl6of uflj;df ;+:yfn] u/]sf] cWoog cg';f/ hDdf 3/w'/L ;+Vof @!#( df dlxnf ^!@$ / k'?if ^%^# u/L hDdf !@^*& hg;+Vof /x]sf] hgu0fgf @)%* sf] tYofÍaf6 b]lvG5 . o; uflj;df sfdL !@( 3/w'/Ldf &%( hgf , bdfO{ #! 3/w'/Ldf !*$ hgf / ;fsL{ !* 3/w'/Ldf !)^ u/L hDdf !&* 3/w'/Ldf !)$( hg;+Vof blntx?sf] /x]sf] 5 .

dflj !, lgdflj !, k|flj % / hglk|o k|fljlws lzIffno u/L hDdf * j6f ljBfno / Pp6f pRr dflj /x]sf] o; uflj;df ljBfyL{ ;+Vof aflnsf !%&) / afns !&#( /x]sf5g\ eg] cfly{s, 3/fo;L / 6f9f ePsf sf/0f ljr}df ljBfno 5f]8|g] jf ghfg] afnaflnsfsf] ;+Vof #!^ /x]sf] 5 . clwsf+; afnaflnsf ljBfnod} egf{ ePsf 5}gg\ . !@^*& hg;+Vof /x]sf] of] uflj;df k'?if *&! / dlxnf !^!! u/L hDdf @$*@ lg/If/ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s / z}lIfs ?kn] cToGt} lk5l8Psf] of] uflj;sf blnt ;d'bfodf k'?ifsf] eGbf dlxnfsf] cj:yf emg} bogLo /x]sf] 5 . clwsf+; hg;+Vof s[lifdf cfl>t /x]klg Jofj;flos / pGgt v]tL tyf kz'kfng x'g ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . ->f]t MlhNnf k|f]kmfOn @)^^, lhlj; dsjfgk'/ _

o; If]qdf df};d cg';f/ afnL nufpg] / leqfpg] ;dodf dfq dlxnf /f]huf/L ;LdLt /x]sf] / dlxnfx?sf nflu /f]huf/Lsf] sd cj;/ ePsf] x'+bf cGo af+sL ;dodf v]/ uO{/x]sf] tyf cg'Tkfbs >dzlQmnfO{ pkof]u u/L s'v'/f kfng Joj;fo ;+rfng ul/g] ePsfn] o;af6 yk cfo a[l4 eO{ Psflt/ u/LjL 36\g] / csf{lt/ jfnaflnsfsf] lzIff cuf8L a9fpg cfly{s ;xof]u k'Ug] ;fy} kl/jf/df dlxnfsf nflu /f]huf/L l;h{gf eO{ dlxnfsf] ;fdflhs x}l;ot ;d]t cuf8L a9\g] ePsfn] ;xefuLd"ns tl/sfaf6 tof/ kf/L of] kl/of]hgf k|:tfljt ul/Psf] lyof] .

hglk|o k|fljlws lzIffno, xl6ofdf ul/Psf] gfkmfd"ns s'v'/f kfngsf] gd"gfnfO{ cg'z/0f u/L blnt dlxnfnfO{ s'v'/f kfngsf nflu rflxg] rNnf, bfgf, cf}iflw, EoflS;g tyf ef+8fs+'8f ;a} pknAw u/fO{ /f]u cGj]if0f / lg/fs/0fsf nflu hglk|o k|fljlws lzIffno, xl6ofsf] k|of]uzfnf / lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no;+u ;dGjo u/L s'v'/fkfng ul/Psfn]


dxfdf/L lgoGq0f tyf hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f ePsf]5 . kl/of]hgfsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf nflu :yflgo ;d'bfo, s'v'/f kfng ;d"x, ;+:yf, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no / /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifn] ;do;dodf cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f u/L k|bfg ul/Psf] ;'emfj cg';f/ ;~rfng ul/Psf]n] kl/of]hgfsf] klxnf] s'v'/fkfngsf] r/0f ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg eO blnt kl/jf/sf] cfo a[l4 ePsf] 5 .

kl/of]hgfaf6 k|fKt k|ltkmn x]/]/ l5d]sLx? ;d]t o; Joj;fodf cfslif{t eO{ o; If]qsf] cfo cfh{gsf] /fd|f] dfWod x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . gd"gf / Jojl:yt ?kdf !^ blnt kl/jf/sf dlxnfx?af6 ;~rflnt df;'sf nflu a|f]On/ s'v'/f kfng sd nfutdf cfwfl/t k|ljlw ePsfn] bLuf] x'g] b]lvPsf]5 .

k|lt kl/jf/ sd nfutdf vf]/ lgdf{0f, !)) uf]6f pGgt hftsf rNnf tyf To;sf nflu cfj:os pGgt bfgf, EoflS;g, cf}iflw pkrf/, kfgL v'jfpg] ef+8f tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u dlxnf s[ifsx?nfO{ pknAw u/fO :ynut ?kdf cEof; / tflnd k6sk6s u/fO df;'sf nflu tof/ ePsf s'v'/fx? lalqmsf] nfuL ;+:yfn] nIdL bfgf pBf]u;+u ;Demf}+tf ul/;s]sfn] s'v'/f kfns dlxnfx?nfO{ ahf/sf nflu ;d:of k/]g / hf]lvd klg sd ePsf] 5 .

lalqmaf6 k|fKt /sdnfO{ k"g s'v'/fkfng ug{ rNnf, bfgf, EoflS;g / cf}iflw pkrf/sf] nflu lap k"+hLsf ?kdf kl/rflnt ug]{ / gfkmf /sd dWo] ;d"x lg0f{o cg';f/ s]xL k|ltzt /sd art sf]ifsf] :yfkgf u/L eljiodf kg{ ;Sg] eljtAosf] Go"lgs/0f / ;d"xdf C0f kl/rfngsf dfWodaf6 cGo OR5's dlxnfx?nfO{ ;d]t kl/of]hgfdf ;xefuL u/fpb} kl/of]hgf lg/Gt/ ;~rfng ug]{ lg0f{o s'v'/f kfns s[ifs ;d"xn] u/]sf] 5 .

o; kl/of]hgfdf k'?if ;b:ox?n] ;3fpg] aftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{sf nflu n}+lus ;r]tgf tflnd k|bfg u/L ;xsfo{sf] efjgf hufO{ Aofj;flostftkm{ pGd'v u/fpg / ;d'bfodf lj:tf/ ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] cj:yf l;h{gf ul/Psf] 5 . afnaflnsfsf] lzIff, dlxnfsf] :jf:Yo ;'wf/ eO{ cfly{s ?kdf ;d]t dlxnfsf] kx'+r a9fpg] ePsfn] of] kl/of]hgf n}+lus d}qL eO{ dlxnf z;lQms/0fdf 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 .

AolQmut tyf aftfj/0fLo ;/;kmfO{df sd ;r]t blnt kl/jf/sf dlxnfx?n] of] kl/of]hgf ;~rfng ePkl5 vf]/ Aoj:yfkg, /f]u Aoj:yfkg, vf]/ j/k/sf] jftfj/0f ;/;kmfO{df ljz]if Wofg lbG5g\ h;sf sf/0f plgx?sf] :jf:Yodf /fd|f] k|efj kg'{sf ;fy} jftfj/0f k|lt plgx?sf] rf;f] cflea[l4 x'G5 . vf]/af6 pTkflbt dn cb'jf, uf]ne]8f / v';f{gL pTkfbgdf clt pQd x'g] x'+bf /f;folgs dnsf] k|of]udf sdL cfpg'sf ;fy} cfkm\g} s/];f af/Ldf pTkflbt tfhf t/sf/L ;]jgn] nfeflGjt ;d"xn] cltl/Qm nfe k|fKt ug]{5g . s'v'/f kfng Aojl:yt ?kn] ;~rfng ul/g] ePsfn] o;af6 ;d'bfodf k|lts'n k|efj b]lvb}g / /f]u tyf dfxfdf/Lsf nflu EoflS;g tyf cf}ifwL k|ofKt dfqfdf k|fljlwsx?sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ k|of]u u/L] jftfj/0f cg's'n agfOPsf] 5 .

cGtt o; kl/of]hgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGtl/d lqjlif{o of]hgfsf] lgla{sNk /x]sf] u/Lla Go"lgs/0fsf] p4]Zo cGtu{t lk5l8Psf blnt dlxnfx?sf] cfly{s ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg / ljsf; sf]ifsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf of] kl/of]hgf ;~rflnt 5 . cfof]hgfsf] pb]Zo

o; cfof]hgfsf] k|d'v p2]Zo dsjfgk'/ lhNnf xl6of uflj;sf clt ljkGg @% blnt kl/jf/sf] cfo j[l4 u/fpg dlxnf ;d"x sf] g]t[Tjdf s'v'/f kfng u/L blnt dlxnfx?sf] cfly{s kx'+r j[l4 u/fpg] /x]sf] 5 . nlIft÷ nfeflGjt ;d"x

o; cfof]hgfsf] cf/De b]lv clGtd;Dddf dsjfgk'/ lhNnf xl6of uflj;sf clt ljkGg !^ b]lv @% jf ;f] eGbf a9L blnt kl/jf/x? k|d'v nfeflGjt ;d"x /x]sf 5g\ .

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) p4]Zout k|dfl0fs/0fsf ;"rsx? 1. !&* blnt kl/jf/sf] k|f/lDes cfo, hUuf tyf /f]huf/Lsf cfwf/df ljkGgtf :t/Ls/0f . 2. ljkGgtf :t/Ls/0fsf cfwf/df s'v'/fkfngsf nflu !^ kl/jf/ 5gf}6 / ;d"x lgdf{0f . 3. !^ hgfsf] bIftf clea[l4 tyf :yflgo ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u u/L !^ j6f vf]/ lgdf{0f . 4. klxnf] kN6 !^ blnt kl/jf/ / qmdzM a[l4 ub}{ sfo{qmdsf] cGTo;Dddf @% kl/jf/sf] sfo{qmddf ;xeflutf u/fO{

klxnf] kN6 !^ blnt kl/jf/ / qmdzM sfo{qmdsf] cGTo;Dddf @% kl/jf/sf blnt dlxnfx?nfO{ k|lt kl/jf/ !)) uf]6f rNnf, $%) s]hL bfgf, EoflS;g, cf}iflw tyf bfgfkfgL v'jfpg] ef8fx? ljt/0f .

5. :yflgo s'v'/f kfng ;DalGw bIf k|fljlwsnfO{ b}lgs Hofnfbf/Ldf () lbgsf nflu /f]huf/ . 6. @% kl/jf/n] u/]sf] s'v'/f kfngaf6 ePsf] gfkmfaf6 art sf]if ;+rfng . 7. s'v'/f kfng ;DalGw sfddf k'?if ;b:ox?af6 dlxnfx?nfO{ ;lqmo ;xof]u / ;xsfo{tf . 8. :yflgo ;d"x / ;/f]sf/jfnfx?af6 lg/Gt/ tyf lj1 6f]nLaf6 k|To]s n6df @ k6s cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f . 9. pTkflbt dnsf] k|of]un] cb'jf, uf]ne]8f / v';f{gL pTkfbg a[l4 eO{ k|lt /f]kgL jflif{s ?=@)))) yk cfDbfgL . 10. kl/of]hgfsf] ;Dk"0f{ lqmofsnfk ;d]6]/ clGtddf Pp6f >Ao b[io ;fdu|L tyf %)) yfg :dfl/sf k|sf;g .


11. kl/of]hgfsf] rf}dfl;s / cGtLd u/L hDdf ^ k6s % k|ltsf b/n] k|utL / cfly{s k|ltj]bg .

Up-scaling Pathways k|j4{gsf pkfox? o; kl/of]hgfsf] z'?df ul/Psf] cfwf/e't ;j]{If0f / ljZn]if0fsf cfwf/df ;DklQ :t/Ls/0f -hUuf, /f]huf/L tyf

cfo_ sf dfWodaf6 clt ljkGg !^ blnt dlxnfx? 5gf}6 u/L uflj;, ufp+ :t/Lo blnt PsfO{ ;ldt, blnt dlxnf ;d"x tyf ;+:yfsf] cfof]hgfdf e]nf ul/ ;xeflutfd"ns 9+un] ;d"x u7g ul/of] .

:yflgo ;fdu|L / hgzlQm k|of]u u/L sd nfut k|ljlwdf vf]/ lgdf{0f / xl6ofsf nflu ;'xfp+bf] / pko'Qm hglk|o k|fljlws lzIffno, xl6ofdf ul/Psf] gfkmfd"ns s'v'/f kfng Aoj;fosf] gd"gfnfO{ cg'z/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

!^ hgf blnt dlxnfnfO{ s'v'/f kfngsf nflu :ynut Aojxfl/s tyf cEof;d"ns tflnd k|bfg u/L tyf pGgt rNnf, bfgf, cf}iflw, EoflS;g tyf ef+8fs+'8f pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 .

/f]u cGj]if0f / lg/fs/0fsf nflu hglk|o k|fljlws lzIffno, xl6ofdf /x]sf] k|of]uzfnf / lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no dsjfgk'/;+u ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{ ul/Psf] 5 .

bLuf] / lgoldt s'v'/fkfngsf nflu :yflgo ;d'bfo, s'v'/f kfng ;d"x, ;+:yf, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no / /fli6|\o s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifn] ;do;dodf cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f u/L ;'emfj k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

blnt dlxnf s[ifsx? dfem ;~rfng x'g] ePsfn] o; kl/of]hgfdf klxnf] k6s cg'bfgsf ?kdf vf]/, rNnf, bfgf, cf}iflw, EoflS;g, bfgfkfgLsf nflu ef+8fs'8f / k|fljlws ;xof]u k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

bf];|f] k6ssf nflu klxnf] n6sf] s'v'/f / dn lalqmaf6 k|fKt /sd dWo] rNnf, bfgf / EoflS;g tyf cf}iflw pkrf/sf] nflu lap k"+hLsf ?kdf /flv kl/rflnt ul/Psf] 5 .

gfkmfdWo] ;d"x lg0f{o cg';f/ dfl;s art sf]if :yfkgf u/L ;d"xdf C0f kl/rfngsf dfWodaf6 cGo OR5's dlxnfx?nfO{ ;d]t kl/of]hgfdf qmdzM ;xefuL u/fpb} nlug]5 .

s'v'/f kfng ;DalGw b[io ;fdu|L tyf ;"rgf, k|ljlwsf] hfgsf/L cGo ;d'bfodf lj:tf/ eO s'v'/fsf] rNnf, bfgf, cf}iflw tyf k|fljlws 1fg ;d'bfodf pknAw x'G5 h;af6 s'v'/fkfng lj:tf/sf ;fy} o; If]qsf] cfo cfh{gsf] /fd|f] dfWod x'g ;S5 .

o; kl/of]hgfdf ;~rflnt n}+lus ;r]tgf tyf cGo tflndn] ubf{ dlxnf k'?ifaLr ;xsfo{sf] efjgf hfu[t eO{ kl/of]hgfnfO{ n}+lus d}qL agfO{ dlxnf z;lQms/0fdf 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 .

;+:yfn] nIdL bfgf pBf]u;+u ;Demf}+tf u/]sf]n] pTkflbt s'v'/f-df;'_ ;lhn} ahf/df lalqm ePsf] 5 . pTkflbt dnsf] k|of]uaf6 cb'jf, uf]ne]8f / v';f{gLsf] pTkfbgdf a[l4 eO{ nlIft ;d'bfon] cltl/Qm nfe xfl;n ug{ z'? u/]sf 5g\ . SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS

Targeted Outputs: != clt ljkGg @% blnt dlxnfx?n] vf]/ lgdf{0f tyf s'v'/f kfng ;DalGw Aojxfl/s / :ynut tflnd tyf cfly{s

;xof]u k|fKt u/L lg/Gt/ s'v'/fkfngaf6 cfo j[l4 ug]{ 5g\ . @= ;d"x art sf]if ;~rfng, n}lËs ;r]tgf tflndsf dfWodaf6 Ifdtf cflej[l4 tyf cb'jf uf]ne]8f / v';f{gLsf]

pTkfbgdf j[l4 eO cltl/Qm cfo cfh{g ug]{5g\ . #= Aojl:yt ?kdf sfo{qmd ;~rfng, cg'udg tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f, k|fljlws ;xof]u / kl/of]hgfdf tof/ kfl/g] >Jo b[Zo

;fdu|Lsf] dfWodaf6 lg/Gt/ bLuf] / cGoq lj:tf/ x'g] .


A.N Activities Activity Status Remarks

!= ljkGgtf :t/Ls/0f ;DkGg eO;s]sf @= s'v'/f kfng ;d"x lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO;s]sf #= :ynut tflnd, vf]/ lgdf{0f ;fdu|L vl/b tyf :yflgo

;fdu|Lsf] k|of]uaf6 vf]/ lgdf{0f . ;DkGg eO;s]sf

$= s'v'/f kfng tflnd tyf s'v'/f kfng ;DkGg eO;s]sf s'v'/f kfng tflnd tyf s'v'/f kfng ;DkGg eO;s]sf %= dfgjLo >f]tsf] lgo'lQm ;DkGg eO;s]sf ^ ;d"x art sf]if ;~rfng ;DkGg eO;s]sf & n}lËs ;r]tgf tflnd ;DkGg eO;s]sf * cg'udg tyf ;'k/La]If0f ;DkGg eO;s]sf


( cltl/Qm cfo cfh{g ;DkGg eO;s]sf !) lel8of] 8s'd]06«L / k|sf;g tof/L eO/x]sf] !! kl/of]hgfsf] k|utL tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg . rf}dfl;s k|ltj]bg $ j6f / jflif{s

k|ltj]bg ! j6f tof/ u/L k|:t't ul/;lsPsf] 5 cGtLd k|ltj]bg tof/ eO/x]sf] 5 .

pknlAw÷kl/0ffd Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) • xl6of uflj;sf blnt kl/jf/sf] 3/w'/L ;j]{If0f÷cfwf//]vf ;j]{If0faf6 !&* blnt kl/jf/ /x]sf] / plgx?sf]

k|f/lDes cfo, hUuf tyf /f]huf/LnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ul/Psf] ljkGgtf :t/Ls/0faf6 !^ kl/jf/ u/Lj tyf dlxnf s[ifs 5gf}6 / ;d"x lgdf{0f .

• :yflgo ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u u/L 5gf}6 ePsf dlxnf s[ifsx?sf] bIftf clea[l4 u/]/ !^ j6f vf]/ lgdf{0f / klxnf] kN6 !^ blnt kl/jf/ ;xeflu u/fO{ k|lt kl/jf/ !)) uf]6f rNnf, $%) s]hL bfgf, EoflS;g, cf}iflw tyf bfgfkfgL v'jfpg] ef8fx? ljt/0f u/L s'v'/f kfng ubf{ –

• rNnfsf] d[To'b/ ;/bf/ ! k|ltzt eof] . • pHofnf] k|;:t} k'u]sfn] s'v'/fsf] /fd|f] j[l4 eof] . • ls;fgnfO{ :ynut tflnd k|bfg ul/Psfn] ;/;kmfOsf] cj:yf /fd|f] ePsf] 5 h;n] ubf{ dxfdf/L tyf

cGo /f]usf] ;+qmd0f ePg . • tflnsf cg';f/ bfgfkfgL, EoflS;g, cf}iflw / tfks|d ldn]sf] x'+bf $=% s]hL bfgf vf+bf $% lbgdf

s'v'/fsf] @!)) u|fd tf}n ;/b/df cfPsf] 5 . • nIdL bfgf pBf]u;+u klxn] g} ;Demf}+tf ePsf] x'+bf rNnf tyf bfgf cfk'lt{ / pTkflbt df;' ljlqmdf

s'g} emGem6 Aoxf]g'{ k/]g ;fy} s'v'/f /fd|f] ePsfn] ahf/ efp eGbf ?= @ k|ltlsnf] a9Lsf b/n] lalqm ePsf] 5 .

• k|lt kl/jf/ ;/b/ -(( ¥ @=! ¥ !@^_ @^!(%÷$) cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 . • nufgL k|lt rNnf ? *) sf b/n] ? *)))÷)), bfgf ? #% sf b/n] $%) s]hLsf] ? !%&%)÷)),

EoflS;g tyf cf}ifwL ? !%))÷)) u/L hDdf ? @%@%)÷)) ePsf] lyof] . rNnf vl/bsf] ;dodf s'v'/fsf] rNnfsf] d'No a[l4 cTolws ePsf] 5 . h'g d"No 36]/ xfn ? %) k|lt rNnf /x]sf] 5 .

• nufgL tyf cfDbfgLsf] t'ngf ubf{ ? ($%÷$) gub / cGo cfDbfgLdf dn lalqm tyf o;af6 x'g] cltl/Qm cfo ;d]t /xg] b]lvG5 .

• dlxnf s[ifssf] cfDbfgL tyf gfkmfsf lx;fan] x]bf{ ;Dk'0f{ s'/f cg'bfg kfO{ s'v'/fkfng u/]sf] x'+bf o;af6 k|fKt ;Dk'0f{ /sd ? @^!(%÷$) gfkmf g} ePsf] 5 .

• o; kl/of]hgf cGtu{t lgdf{0f ePsf s'v'/fsf k|lt vf]/ ? !))))÷)) / ljtl/t bfgfkfgL v'jfpg] ef+8fs'+8f / nfN6Lgsf] ? %)))÷)) ul/ hDdf ? !%)))÷)) crn ;DklQ k|To]s kl/jf/n] k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .

• :yflgo s'v'/f kfng ;DalGw bIf k|fljlws lgo'lQmsf sf/0f ;f+em ljxfg h'g;'s} ;do klg s[ifsx?n] k|fljlws ;Nnfx / /]vb]v kfO 9'Ss ePsf] cj:yf l;h{gf eof] h'g k|f/lDes ?kdf ul/g] k]zf tyf Aoj;fosf nflu cfj:os 5 .

• s'v'/f kfngaf6 cfDbfgL a[l4 ePsf sf/0f k'?if ;b:ox?af6 ;lqmo ;xof]u / ;xsfo{tf eO{ art sf]if ;+rfng ePsf] 5 h'g eljiosf nflu ;~ro x'g] 5 .

• :yflgo ;d"x, ;/f]sf/jfnfx? / lj1 6f]nLaf6 lg/Gt/ cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f eO{ cfj:os ;'emfj k|bfg ubf{ s[ifsx? pT;flxt x'g'sf ;fy} cGo ls;fgx? ;d]t cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ .


Project Title: Promotion of Floriculture (Gladiolus & Chrysanthemum) for

income generation in Highway corridor VDC in Sarlahi Project No: 707/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Ram Thapa Address: Bharatpur Municipality – 12, Chitwan Telephone: 9741113455 Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Rural Society & Promotion Center, Gaur/Rautahat Start Date: September, 2010 End Date: August, 2012 Project Cost: NPR 999,316.00 (Nine Hundred ninety-nine thousand and three

hundred sixteen rupees only Location of Project: Three VDCs (Hariyaun, Dhungre Khola and Karmaiya) of Sarlahi

District in close proximity to the East-West Highway corridor.

Project Summary

Background: As we all know that floriculture is major cash generating crop & this has been rapidly evolved in Nepal and the production also increasing. However, it is mainly concentrated in KTM and/or nearby district. It is necessary to expand in other parts of country. So, it is implementing in the highway corridor of Sarlahi. It is recognized that technical knowhow, farmers' access to information and financial support, choice of cultivars and market linkage are the limiting outside valley. The project results will be disseminated through different publication materials, workshops, training, visits, field day, and demonstration, electronic media. Project Purpose/Objectives The main purpose of the project is to initiate floriculture enterprise as a new sustainable income generating source targeting the low-income category of people in the highway corridor VDCs of Sarlahi. This project will also focus on technology dissemination of successful flower nursery raising, organized commercial production, right choice of high-demand varieties/ cultivars of gladiolus and chrysanthemum, post-harvest handling and packing, disease and pest management and establishment of regular marketing channel and its consolidation for ensuring a continuous source of income and livelihood support. The project is expected that at least 90 farmers comprised of dalit, women and other marginalized people will have received technical know-how and training on floriculture cultivation in general and specifically for gladiolus and chrysanthemum.

Beneficiaries

The project is expected that at least approximately 90 Households (HHs) will be directly benefited from this project (about 30 HHs from each VDC). Out of total beneficiaries at least 30% will be dalits, marginalized and disadvantaged groups. And They are receiving technical know-how and training on floriculture cultivation in general and specifically for gladiolus and chrysanthemum. The direct beneficiaries of the project are the people from the three VDCs in Sarlahi District i.e. Hariyaun, Dhunge Khola and Karmaiya VDCs. The intended beneficiaries will be those households whose main source of income is farming over the years and those with marginal landholdings (small holder farmers having 1-10 kathas) and low-income groups. The target groups will include an equal number of male and female farmers/entrepreneurs.


1.1 By the end of year 2012, about 90 farmers will have received technical knowhow and training on Floriculture cultivation

1.2 By 2012, baseline report will have been prepared 1.3 By 2012, six (6) farmers grouped formed and strengthened in a sustained way to ensure establishment of

long term floriculture enterprise 1.4 By 2012, a good functioning market network developed in the target VDCs


1.5 By 2012 at least 3 Floriculture Nurseries managed by the local people will be established in the Project VDCs

1.6 By 2012, project completion report prepared.

Up-scaling Pathways The measurable expected outputs are listed below:

Output 1. Verified production technology of Gladiolus and Chrysanthemum disseminated and promoted to targeted communities as a sustainable business enterprise

Output 2. Community people organized for commercial production and market channel established

Output 3. Verified technology disseminated and up-scaled (vertical expansion) to potential areas

SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status Remarks 1. Baseline Survey and identification of project sites

It has been done by using various PRA tools, Semi structured interview/SSI, transact walk & information collected thru secondary sources as well. This activity was carried out in the proposed three Project VDCs in order to get acquainted with the socio-economic conditions of the people and the land use situation and cropping pattern in the area.

2. Farmers selection and group formation

Three groups were formed in each of the three proposed VDCs making a total of 6 flower producer groups. A total of 15 farmers are included in each group. The directly involved farmers were about 90 from the three VDCs - Hariyaun, Dhungre Khola and Karmaiya. The project sub-activities include

2.1. conducted meeting with individual farmers and existing group members 2.2 Maximum utilization of existing groups or formed of new one as well. 2.3 Registered of groups in DADO.

3. Orientation of group on project and flower cultivar.

Group formed and orientation provided. All groups were registered in DADO. Conduction of Orientation meeting and in depth discussion were made. Purchased required flower seeds, plantation materials and tools.

4. Establishment of demonstration plots and Nursery in farmers fields

We were established 3 demonstration plots in 2 khatta of land and these plots were used during the various stages of trainings to the farmers.

5. Onsite training to farmers regarding various aspects of production

We also conducted various onsite trainings to the farmers/flower growers/nursery men in different stages of the production process. Trainings were provided regarding appropriate site selection, soil and land preparation, seed sowing, seedlings raising bulbs/corms transfer, water and drainage management, nursery bed management, techniques of cutting matured flowers/spikes, storage and packaging/wrapping for transportation, etc. Trainings were provided by trained floriculture experts.

6. Farmers tour and exposure visit in

The selected farmers were visited in the Janakpur, Chitwan, Dhading and Kathmandu. It enhanced the Knowledge & Technology of farmers


floriculture pocket areas. or upscaling of reea

in field of flowers production & its marketing skill. During this exposure visit, farmers were also visited in Floriculture Development Center in Godavari as well as well-established Private flower nurseries in Kathmandu. We made interaction with floriculture experts and business entrepreneurs.

7. Marketing channel establishment

Marketing Channel is established by linking with primary producers or suppliers (i.e. farmers) with wholesalers and retailers. Now, they have direct linkage with them and can deal for selling the products..

8. Publication and distribution of materials related to floriculture for up scaling of results

Publication and distribution of teaching materials (leaflets, folders, booklets, video documentary, pictures/slides, informative articles and success stories from newspapers, magazines, etc) is under process. It will be prepared in close consultation with project participants/target groups.

9 Final output dissemination workshop and submission of final report.

Not yet done, The Project findings and results will be disseminated later to all concerned stakeholders (local NGOs, CBOs, DADO, RDA, DDC, NGO Federation Offices) in five development regions, NARDF and MoAC after the accomplishment of project outputs and along with success stories from the project sites.

10. Monitoring & evaluation of the project

Regular project activities were monitor by DADO & Project staff. But project final evaluation is not done.

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) List of completed activities: 1. Baseline Survey and identification of project sites 2. Farmer Selection and group formation 3 Orientation of the group regarding the project and flower cultivar 4. Establishment of demonstration plots and nursery in famers fields 5. Onsite training to farmers regarding various aspects of flower production 6. Farmers tour and exposure visit in floriculture pocket areas 7. Marketing channel establishment


Project Title: s[ifsx?4f/f Jofj;flos ?kdf dxsf] u'0f:tl/o pTkfbg ;fy} jhf/Ls/0fdf

lbuf] ;+hfnLs/0f kl/of]hgfProject No: 708/2009/10 Project Coordinator: /fh]Gb|s'df/ rf}w/L Address: ;+ks{ – lzjfno uf=lj=;= jf8{ g+= $ k|ultrf]s Telephone: )^&– $@)#!# Fax: )^&– $@)@^) Email: enprednepal @ ntc.net.np Collaborating organizations: lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3, b}n]v÷ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, b}n]v Start Date: efb| @)^& End Date: >fj0f @)&) Project Cost: @(,((,*%&.—Location of Project: b}n]v lhNnfsf ^ uflj;

Background

Project Summary g]kfnsf] w]/} hldg kxf8L e" w/ftn / 8fF8fsfF9f Pj+ ef}uf]lns ljljwtf ePsf] eP klg xfd|f] b]zsf] cy{tGq

s[lifdf cfwfl/t lgjf{xd'vL ;fy} k/Dk/fut v]tL k|0ffnL ljBdfg x'g'n] s[lif k|ljwL ljsf; / s[ifsx? aLr l;k x:tfGt/0fsf] sfd Hofb} Go"g ePsf] 5 . xfn g]kfn klg ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:o eO{ ;s]sf] cj:yfdf b]zsf] pTkfbgsf] cfkm\g} k|dfl0fs cfwf/ / u'0f:tl/o pTkfbg Pj+ ls;fgx?nfO{ h}ljsv]lt ;fy} Jofj;flos pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbb} k/Dk/fut k]zfnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ cfjZos /x]sf]5 .

ls;fgx?;+u Jofj;flos 1fg Pj+ ;+ul7t?kdf Jofj;fo ;+rfng / jhf/ Jofj:yfkg ;+jGwL cg'ejsf] sdLnfO{ x6fpg Ifdtf ljsf;df ;xof]u u/L cfw'lgs df}/Lkfng Jofj;fosf] dfWodjf6 u'0f:tl/o dx pTkfbg tyf Jofj;flos ?kdf s[ifsx? ljr ;+hfn lgdf{0f ;fy} jhf/Ls/0fsfnflu :yflgo tyf lhNnf / s]Gb| txdf ;d]t kxn u/L lbuf] ;+hfn ljsf;sfnflu hf]8 lbO{ Jofj;flos ?kdf dx pTkfbg / ljlqmsfnflu ;+:yfut ljsf; ;fy} u|fld0f ;d'bfosf] lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;xof]u k'¥ofO{ l;dfGt ls;fg / hf]lvddf k/]sf ;d'bfonfO{ sfo{qmddf ;+nUg u/fO{ j+lrltdf k/]sf ju{sf] pTyfgdf hf]8 lbO{g] 5 .

t;y{ ;+:yfn] :yflgo ;d'bfosf] dfu ;fy} lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfn] dx pTkfbgsf nflu ef}uf]lns ;+efJotf klxrfg ePsf If]qnfO{ x]/L b}n]v lhNnfsf ;'b"/ If]qsf ljkGg ls;fgx?sf] cfo cfh{gsfnflu s[ifsx?4f/f Jofj;flos ?kdf dxsf] u'0f:tl/o pTkfbg ;fy} jhf/Ls/0fdf lbuf] ;+hfnLs/0f kl/of]hgf ;+rfngsf nflu of] kl/of]hgfn] sfd u/]s]f 5 . o; kl/of]hgf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;fy} lhNnf 3/]n' ljsf; ;ldlt ;fy} lhlj; b}n]v;+u ;xsfo{df sfo{qmd ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] cfjZos k|fljlws ;fy} s[ifssf] dfu jdf]lhd 3f/x? klg pknJw u/fpg yfn]sf] / df}/Lsf] ks]6 If]qsf] ?kdf ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] x'Fbf sfo{qmdsf] lbuf]kg / lg/Gt/tf /xg] cj:yf 5 . o;} u/L ;xsf/L ljsf;jf6 klg o; kl/of]hgfsf] lg/Gt/tf x'g] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 .

s[ifsx?nfO{ ;+ul7t ug]{, cfw'lgs df}/Lkfng Jofj;fosfnflu l;k ljsf;sfnflu tflndx? ;+rfng ug]{, s[ifs txdf uf]nf lj:tf/sfnflu glthf kl/If0f, uf]nf tyf cfw'lgs 3f/x? pknJw u/fpg] ;fy} :yflgo >f]tsf] ?kdf jrt kl/rfng ;fy} ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgf u/L dxsf] pTkfbg / jhf/ Jofj:yfkgdf ;xof]u ul/g]5 . h;jf6 s[ifssf] cfDbfgL j[l4, l;k ljsf;, ;+:yfut ljsf; ;fy} lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g] 5 .

t;y{ ;+:yfn] ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t df}/L Jofj;fo / ;xsf/L k|j4{g u/L blnt tyf ljkGg dlxnf ls;fgx?sf] cfo j[l4 ug]{ p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . t;y{ cfof]hgfsf] ;'rs cGt ;Dddf cfof]hgf If][qdf cfj4 @$) s[ifsx?sf] cfo z'? jif{sf] t'ngfdf @%Ü n] j[l4 ePsf] x'g] 5 .

Project Purpose/Objectives • dlxnf ljkGg tyf blnt s[ifsx?sf] lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] nIo ;lxt ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t df}/Lkfng

Jofj;fo k|j{4g u/L dx pTkfbg u/L blnt tyf ljkGg dlxnf ls;fgx?sf] x?sf] cfo j[l4 ug]{ . Beneficiaries

• b}n]v lhNnfsf ?d, s6\6L, huGgfy, cfpnk/fh'n, nfFs'/L, d]xntf]ln / sfnef}/j uflj;sf !@ j6f ;d'xsf @$) ls;fgx?nfO{ ;xof]u ul/g] 5 .



Output 1 • sfo{qmd If]qdf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t cfw'lgs Jofj;flos df}/Lkfng eO{ u'0f:tl/o dx pTkfbg If]qsf]

?kdf ljsf; ePsf] x'g]5 . !=!= @)&) ;fnsf] c;f/ ;Dddf kl/of]hgf If]qsf] ^ uflj;df slDtdf ^ j6f cfw'lgs df}/Lkfng Jofj;los ks]6

If]qsf] ?kdf ljsl;t ePsf] x'g]5g\ . !=@= @)^( ;fnsf] >fj0f ;Dddf kl/of]hgf If]qsf @$) s[ifsx? cfj4 eO{ cfw'lgs df}/Lkfng Jofj;fo u/L

u'0f:tl/o dx pTkfbg / ahf/Ls/0fsfnflu ;+hfn jgfO{ dxsf] ljlqm ljt/0fsf] z'? u/]sf x'g]5g\ . !=#= @)&) ;fnsf] >fj0f ;Dddf kl/of]hgf If]qsf @$) s[ifsx?n] Go"gtd (^)) s]=hL= dx pTkfbgjf6 jflif{s ?=

@*,*),))). cfDbfgL u/]sf x'g]5g\ . Output 2 :

• sfo{qmd If]qsf Jofj;flos ls;fgx?n] dx ljlqmsfnflu ;+:yfut?kdf jhf/ ;+hfn lgdf{0f u/]sf x'g]5g\ . @=! @)^( ;fnsf] >fj0f ;Dddf kl/of]hgf If]qsf] ;d'xdf cfj4 s[ifsx? df}/L ;xsf/Ldf kl/0ft ePsf x'g]5g\ .

;f] s[ifs ;d'xn] lgoldt jflif{s jrt ;+sng slDtdf ?=@,^@,*)). ;+sng u/L ;xsf/L ljsf; ;fy} df}/L kfng Pj+ dxsf] cfGtl/s jhf/ Pj+ lhNnf jflx/sf k|d'v jhf/df dx ljlqm s]Gb| vf]nL dxsf] jhf/Ls/0fdf ;Ifd ePsf x'g]5g\ .

@=@ @)^( ;fnsf] >fj0f ;Dddf ;+ul7t ;d'x cGt/utsf !@ hgf dlxnf tyf k'?if s[ifsx?nfO{ df}/L pTkfbgsf] Jofj;flos >f]t JoflQmsf] ?kdf tof/ u/L cfof]hgf :ynsf cGo s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf x'g]5g\ .

@=# z'? jif{ @)^& ;fndf @$) s[ifsx?nfO{ @$) / bf]>f] jif{ @$) u/L 3f/ pknJw u/fO{ cfof]hgfsf] clGtd jif{df $*) 3f/ df}/L uf]nf lj:tf/ ePsf] x'g]5g\ .

Output 3 : • kl/of]hgfsf] pknJwLsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] x'g] 5 .

#=! @)&) ;fnsf] >fj0f ;Dddf kl/of]hgf If]qsf] jl/kl/sf slDtdf !@) 3/ kl/jf/n] of] Jofj;flos ?kdf cfw'lgs df}/Lkfng u/L dx pTkfbg cg';/0f u/]sf x'g]5g .

#=@ @)&) ;fnsf] >fj0f ;Dddf kl/of]hgf If]qsf df}/L ks]6x? gd'gfsf] ?kdf ljsl;t eO{ ljleGg lhNnfsf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nox?sf] s[ifs cjnf]sg e|d0f sfo{qmd, uf]li7, ;]dLgf/, :ynut e|d0f cflb sfo{qmd dfkm{t slDtdf @))) s[ifs Pj+ cGo JoflQmx?df k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf x'g]5g\ .

Up-scaling Pathways

o; df}/Lkfng tyf ;xsf/L k|jw{g sfo{qmdn] ljkGg, blnt, hghftL Pj+ dlxnfnfO{ s]lGb|t u/]/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g] 5 . o; sfo{qmdn] dlxnfsf] 3/df jrt ePsf] / v]/ uPsf] ;dosf] ;b'kof]u ug{ d2t ldNg] 5 . dlxnfx? ;d'xdf ;+ul7t eO{ ;fdflhs ljs[lt x6fpg d2t ldNg] 5 . :yflgo >f]t kl/rfng, kmh'n vr{nfO{ sd u/L jrt ;+sng kl/rfng ;fy} ;xsf/Ldf cfj4tfn] dlxnfx? ;+ul7t x'g] cfo cfh{gsf sfddf kl/rfng x'g'n] >f]tsf] kx'Frdf klg j[l4 x'g]5 . jflif{s ?kdf !) b]vL !% lsnf] dx ! 3f/jf6 lng ;lsg] / k|lt lsnf] Go"gtd ?=@)) sf b/n] slDtdf ?= @))) b]vL ?=#))) ;Dd cfDbfgL k|fKt x'g] ePsf]n] o; sfo{qmdn] ljkGg dlxnfx?sf] cfo cfh{gsfnflu k|ToIf kmfO{bf k'Ug] x'G5 .

o; kl/of]hgf ;+rfngsfnflu ;+:yfn] b}n]v lhNnsf ^ uflj;sf dlxnf hghftL tyf blnt !@ ;d'xsf @$) ls;fgx?nfO{ nlIft u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g] 5 . dlxnf ls;fgx? hghftL tyf blntx?nfO{ s]lGb|t u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g] 5 . o; sfo{qmdnfO{ ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t df}/Lkfng ks]6 If]qsf ?kdf ljsf; ul/g] 5 . ;+:yfn] df}/Lkfng sfo{qmd # jif{sf] cjlw e/L ;+rfng ul/g] 5 . ls;fg ;+u df}/L 3f/ # jif{df $*) x'g]5g\ . ;+:yf s[ifsx?nfO{ ;+ul7t ug]{, df}/Lkfng tflnd, uf]nf j[l4 tflnd lbO{ :yflgo :t/df g} k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fsf] sfd ul/g] 5 . ;+:yf @$) ls;fgnfO{ @÷@ 3f/ pknJw u/fpg] 5 eg] df}/L uf]nf ;f6f;f6sf] ?kdf lj:tf/ :yflgo ?kdf ls;fg ljrjf6 ul/g]5 .

@$) ls;fgn] Go"gtd !÷! uf]nf df}/L kl/of]hgf jflx/sf cGo ls;fgx?nfO{ ;d]t jflif{s ?kdf ljlqm ug]{ 5g\ .


SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs: Activities Proposed

k|:tfljt lqmofsnfk Progress status Remarks != Jofj;flos df}l/kfng tyf dx pTkfbg sfo{qmd

!=! uflj; :t/df sfo{{qmdsf] jf/]df hfgsf/L @)^& efb|— d+l;/df ;DkGg !=@ nlIft ;d'x klxrfg / cfwf/e't tYofÍ ;+sng @)^& cflZjg b]lv d+l;/df ;DkGg !=# ;d'x u7g / kl/rfng @)^& sflt{s af6 lg/Gt/ ;xof]u !=$ ;d'xnfO{ cjnf]sg e|d0f )^* kmfu'gdf ;DkGg !=% uf]nf k|j{Bg / 3f/ lj:tf/ tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u @)^& efb|af6 lg/Gt/ ;xof]u !=^ df}l/sf] r/g ljsf; ls6 ljt/0f @)^& kf}ifdf ;DkGg !=& dxsf] ;+sng s]]Gb| :yfkgf )^* efb|jf6 z'? @ jhf/ / ;+:yfut ljsf; sfo{qmd @=! Joj;flos df}l/kfng tflnd @)^& df3df ;DkGg @=@ uf]nf lj:tf/ /fgL pTkfbg tflnd )^& r}qdf ;DkGg @=# df}l/kfns s[ifs ;xsf/L ;+3, ;+hfn u7g kl/rfng @)^& kmfNu'0f b]vL lg/Gt/

@=% s[ifsx?nfO{ pBdlzntf tflnd ( TOPE/TOSE) / Joj;flos of]hgf

)^* h]7df ;DkGg

@=^ dxsf] u'0f:t/ hfFr )^* dfu{df ;DkGg @=& dxsf] n]jlnË / KoflsË )^* dfu{ b]vL ;'? lg/Gt/ @=* ljlqm sIf / sf]z]nL 3/ :yfkgf )^* sflt{sjf6 z'? ePsf] #= df}l/kfng k||ljwLsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf cg'z/0f #=! df}l/ kfng ;DjlGw a|f]z/ tyf lnkm\n]6 k|sfzg @)^& r}qdf ;DkGg #=% ;dGjo j}7s @)^& / )^* d+l;/df ;DkGg

Achievements (also include Findings in case of Research Projects) l;dfGt dlxnf tyf ljkGg ls;fgx?sf] cfo cfh{gsfnflu df}/Lkfng Jofj;fo tyf ;xsf/L k|j4{g sfo{qmdjf6 s[ifsx?df b]lvPsf kl/jt{g lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ .

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Project Title: Promotion of organic vegetable farming and cooperative

marketing for income generation in Gorkha District Project No: PP 709/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Ramji Prasad Bhattarai Address: Gorkha Telephone: 9841425547 Fax: Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Collaborating organisations: DADO Gorkha, OCN Start Date: September 2010 End Date: July 2013 Project Cost: 19,97,550.00 Location of Project: Taklung, makaising Tanglichowk and Phujel VDCs of Gorkha

District

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Gorkha district has been lagging behind the national development process. The average socio-economic indicators show that the District is far below the national average and needs specific efforts to bring up to the national level. In the absence of adequate development infrastructures and difficult terrain, the available economic opportunities for the people are very limited. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people. Of the total area, agricultural land covers about 15% and of that, about 76% is cultivated. About 77% economically active populations derive their employment from farming (CBO, 2004). However, majority of the households are not been able to make their subsistence living with conventional traditional farming. Due to the small landholding size and lack of alternative income opportunity, majority of the farmers are poor and are not being able to meet their food demand from own production. Though the farmers of the other many districts have made substantial improvement in the household income through different agricultural activities like seasonal and vegetable production, the farmers here are not aware about such packages. Only 947 hectare area is covered by vegetable which is less than 2 percent of the total agricultural land (DADO, 2063). They lack adequate knowledge on improved production and marketing practices of organic vegetables.

In Nepal, use of pesticides and fertilizer is wide spread in commercial agriculture production areas due to conventional agriculture based market and infrastructure development. Pesticides and fertilizers consumption is increasing at faster rate with intensification and commercialization of farming business regardless of their detrimental effect on human and environmental health. The indiscriminate use of the agro chemicals has, in consequence, initiated several problems such as pests’ resistance to pesticides and resurgence due to elimination of their natural enemies, environmental pollution (water, air and soil), toxic residues in food and feed materials, depletion of soil fertility, disruption of ecosystem, animal and human health hazards and other economic losses. This forces to think alternative strategies towards sustainable agriculture development and preserving natural ecosystem in Nepal.

Organic agriculture is a holistic production management system, which promotes and enhances agro-ecological health, including biodiversity, biological activities (FAO, 1999). This system favors maximum use of organic materials and avoids use of synthetically produced agro inputs for maintaining soil productivity, fertility and pest management under conditions of sustainability and healthy environment (Dahama, 1999; FAO, 2002). Broadly, organic agriculture in Nepal can be categories into three types.

1. Organic agriculture by default In most of the hilly region of Nepal, farmers have been practicing traditional farming system, and thus there have never been any use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides nor the application of conventional methods of agriculture. In other words, the products in such areas are entirely organic.


2. Organic agriculture in Conversion

The process of converting high input agro-chemical based farming into organic farming has gradually been growing in Nepal. From the second year of completely stopping the use of agro-chemical inputs, the farm products are defined as ‘organic in conversion’ and continued at least for the third year of production.

3. Organic agriculture This is a state of agriculture being transformed back from conventional farming to organic farming. In general, the fourth year of production from the complete prohibition of agro-chemical use is labelled as organic.

Organic farming claims to have the potential to provide benefits in terms of environmental protection, conservation of non-renewable resources, improved food quality, reduction in output of surplus products and reorientation of agriculture towards areas of market demand (Lampkin,1990). Sharma (2001) makes a case for farming as the most widely recognized alternative farming system to the modern one. Due to this reason organic movement is getting much impetus in many countries especially in the developed one.

Organic certification is a procedure by which an independent third party gives a written assurance that a clearly identified process has been methodologically assessed such that adequate confidence if specified products confirm to specified requirements.

The proposed VDCs of the peoject area of Gorkha is accessible for transportation facility since there is year round motorable road cross cutting these VDCs. But, there is no interventions made from government as well as no government side where there is wide range of opportunities for the farmers of that road corridor. Farmers from that road corridor are not aware of improved agricultural technologies for organic vegetable production and marketing. As a result, agriculture remained at subsistence level and farmers are living with low standard due to very low level of household income.

So, this project is designed for promoting the organic vegetable production technology for vegetables “organic in conversion” during the project period and organic product after completion of the project through training, technology demonstration, observation tour, workshop, interaction, field inspection/certification and market management of the product so that farmers’ income will be increased.


- The proposed project is basically linked with organic vegetable and its main aim is to improve the socio-economic status of the poor and marginalized farmers through organic vegetable production commercially. The project purpose is to increase organic vegetable production through training, demonstration and observation of appropriate organic production marketing technologies and establishing a appropriate marketing network for marketing the organic products.

- These products, in turn, are expected to become a significant source of income, increased employment opportunities, narrowing down the poverty gap between rural and urban areas and mitigate depopulation trends in rural area.

- The purpose of this project is to enable people to integrate their indigenous knowledge, skills, local resources and scientific knowledge of organic vegetable production technology for producing and marketing high value organic products.

- The project aims to achieve the objectives through demonstration and dissemination of the appropriate organic vegetable production technologies, building farmer’s capacity on vegetable production and marketing, institutional building of the farmer’s groups and establishing linkage of the farmer’s groups/cooperatives with other service providers.

Beneficiaries

- Farmers are demanding the interventions like this, which could help reduce migration of the economically active population thereby increasing the contribution to gross domestic product. The poor and marginal farmers of the project locations are the primary target groups of the proposed


interventions and women have given priority in the project activities. They will be empowered through developing farmer’s groups and transforming these groups into cooperatives and imparting appropriate organic vegetable production and marketing techniques. Besides, linkages with the major service providers will be established. At least 200 farmers will be directly benefited by their direct participation in the program.

- They will be actively involved from early stage of project. On the other hand, their regular interaction with the traders in most of the activities will probably develop a relation between them. This will obviously decrease the involvement of middleman in this channel and help develop effective marketing system.

- Through demonstration and dissemination of the technologies, other farmers in and around the project area will also be benefited. It is expected that at least 300 non-group farmers will be benefited thought the dissemination of the technology. Consumers can fetch fresh organic vegetables in all season. Along with this, the extension as well as development partners will be benefited with the outputs of this work, which will open the scope for them to work with the farmers in the following days. The tenth five-year plan has set the poverty alleviation as it main goal and is hoped to achieve so by carrying out such income generation activities.

- The project does not intend to harm any part of society, environment or individuals as a result of the production of the project outputs. As it focuses no use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, there will little or no harmful effect on the environment from the practice of the organic vegetable production activities.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) The indicators that can be verified for the measurement of the attainment of the above outputs are presented below. 1.1 Organic vegetable production will have started by at least 120 farmers by the end of project year. 1.2 Organic pesticide will have been applied for pest control by at least 60 farmers by the end of project

period. 1.3 At least 100 farmers will have been started vegetable production organically in semi-commercial and

commercial way by the end of the project. 2.1 At least one cooperatives will be functionalized for organic Vegetable production and marketing by the

end of the project. 2.2 Marketing linkage of farmers for organic vegetable marketing established in Kathmandu and Pokhara by

the end of the project year.

1.1 At least 30 leader farmer will be trained on organic vegetable production and marketing by first trimester of the third year.

1.2 At least 500 farmers aware about organic vegetable production and marketing by the end of project. 1.3 At least 500 booklets of organic vegetable production techniques will be published and distributed to the

farmers by the end of the project

Up-scaling Pathways - The main purpose of the project is to increase organic vegetable production and productivity through

appropriate production technology with low external input in environment friendly manner. Specifically, it aims at identifying potential pockets for promoting organic vegetable production and existing socio-economic status of the farmers, demonstrating organic vegetable production technology and building up farmer’s capacity and establishing market linkage and disseminating project outputs. These overall are expected to uplift the socio-economic condition of the farmers in the project area.

- The intended beneficiaries of the project are the poor and marginalized farmers, especially women. The main expected output of the project is enhancing production of organic vegetable through dissemination of the appropriate production technologies and establishment of market linkage. The approaches/methods of uptake path (UP) to be employed in this project will be field demonstration, social mobilization, government extension system, and trainings/workshops etc. For uptake of the


appropriate production and marketing technologies, beneficiaries will be firstly organized and capacitated through their active participation in series of activities such as trainings, field demonstrations of the appropriate vegetable production technologies, workshops and meetings monitoring, publication etc. For the promotion of organic vegetable production, quality manure and compost making techniques, use of bio pesticides and herbal plants for controlling disease and insets, water harvest technology and small irrigation, plastic house technology will be introduced. Moreover, farmers will be supported with input supply for adoption of such technologies. Farmer’s will visit the organic vegetable production pockets and organic markets of Kathmandu which can develop confidence among the farmers. Besides, their linkage with other stakeholders such as DADO, traders etc. will be established for service delivery and harnessing common efforts for the collaborative actions for promotion and scaling of the organic vegetable production technologies. Transformation of the farmers groups into cooperatives and their strengthening through cooperative management training is expected not only to institutionalize the farmer’s activities but also to further promotion of organic vegetable production and marketing.

- For the scaling up of the technologies to the wider scales in terms of the population as well a the area, booklets and video documentary on organic vegetable production and marketing will be prepared at the end of the project and will be distributed to the farmers of the projet area.. Similarly, final technical reports will be published and submitted to NARDF and DADO. As much of the non-group farmers are encouraged to visit and learn the technologies from the field demonstration. The information about the project outputs will be made available to government bodies, NGOs, CBOs and other relevant stakeholders for dissemination through organizing workshops/meetings.


At the completion of the project, vegetable production and productivity will increase. To achieve this, the following outputs will have been achieved at the end of the project period.

1. Organic Vegetable production technology promoted and disseminated 2. Market linkage for organic vegetable product established 3. Project output disseminated

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1.1 Site selection Completed 1.1.2 Group formation and mobilization On going 1.1.3 Cooperative formation and mobilization On going 1.1.4 Baseline Survey Completed 1.1.5 Internal monitoring On going 1.2.1 Training on quality manure preparation and organic pest

management Completed

1.2.2 Training on organic vegetable production technique Completed 1.2.3 Training on Organic Farming Standard and product

certification Completed

1.3.1 Observation tour to organic vegetable farming pockets Completed 1.4.1 Demonstration of the preparation of different organic manures On going 1.4.2 Demonstration of the preparation and application of herbal and

organic pesticides On going

1.4.3 Demonstration of Organic vegetable production technology On going 1.5.1 Support for improved Vegetables seed On going 1.5.2 Support for agri equipment and plant protection support On going 1.5.3 Support for irrigation Completed 1.6.1 Field inspection On going 1.6.2 Truthful labellling of the product Will be completed


in third year 2.1 Market study Will be done in

third trimester of second year

2.2 Interaction Workshop on organic vegetable marketing On going 2.3 Support for Collection center establishment and mobilization On going 3.1 Participatory monitoring and evaluation Will be done in

third year

3.2 Video Documentary programme Will be done in third year

3.3 District Level Workshop Will be done in third year

3.4 Publication and distribution of booklets Will be done in third year

3.5 Reports Preparation On going Achievements:

• Two hundred farmers are aware for organic farming • Fifty farmers have started for FYM improvement • Locally available plants are used by farmers for preparing organic pesticides • More than 40 farmers have started to collect urine and apply in vegetables • One cooperative is under process for registration to DADO Gorkha • Farmers have produced 4 tons of vegetable organically • One collectoin centre is established in Makaising VDC for collecting and selling of organic

vegetables


Project Title: Conservation of Degraded Agricultural Land and Livelihood Improvement

of Marginalized Farmers in Dhading. Project No. : PP: 710/2009/10 Project Coordinator Dr Tara Nath PandeyAddress Telephone Fax Email

Population, Women, Environment and Development organization 389 Chetana Marga Tahachal Kathmandu, Nepal 4271867 (Off), 4273 792 (Home), Mobile: 985111 3650 [email protected], [email protected] [email protected]

Collaboration/Partners Local NGO & youth club, DADO, DLSO & DSCO, Dhading Duration of Project October 2010 and Finishing Date September 2013

Project Cost NRS 2,997,947 Location of Project Mahadevsthan VDC (ward 4, 5, 7), and Gajuri VDC (ward 8)

Background Agriculture is the source of livelihood of more than 66% of country’s population and provides a share of 38% to national GDP (MOAC, 2009). Especially in rural landscapes, existing farming system led to deforestation, soil erosion, and low productivity causing environmental degradation and poverty and need to change to a more productive, economic and sustainable production system to improve the livelihood of the people.

Dhading district has an area of about 1925 square KM with 50 VDCs. The mean annual rainfall is 1800 mm (Rimal et al. 2002). More than 70% of the upper land is sloppy (above 30º slope) and moderately degraded. In the area, the settlements of Chepang (45%) are inter-mixed with Tamang (28%) and other hill tribes Magar, Gurung,Brahmin and Dalits. Total household of project area is about 661 and area under agriculture is 255 ha. Chepangs, traditional hunters used to live in semi-nomadic depending on shifting cultivation supplemented with hunting and gathering of wild foods (Manandhar, 2002), but in the last decade they are settled in the communities and doing farming to support livelihood.

Maize and Finger Millet are the major cereal crops grown, the harvest is sufficient for about 5 months to feed their families (Gurung, 2006) and they depend on wage labour to meet their food demand (Regmi et al. 2006). Realizing the low productivity and traditional unsuitable cultivation practices, there is a strong demand of suitable SALT model from the farmers, local youth club and NGO. In the district DADO) DLSO and DSCO are interested and have made written commitment for collaborative work in this project. Income generating crops such as bitter guard, cucumber, beans and cow pea are grown in very limited areas. This project will include forage crops in the terrace edge bonds and these crops in the main plots aiming to regenerate the degraded sloppy land and commercializing the organic agriculture to improve livelihood.

Purpose The main purpose of the project is to restore degraded sloppy land and increase income from increased production of high value vegetable crops and developed marketing network. The objectives stratified into following categories.

a. Development objective The development objective of this project is to enhance soil and water conservation via the introduction of SALT model and increase the economic return by changing the crops and cultivation practices. The project aims to improve terrace based farming system and promote commercial production of vegetables to increase income of the beneficiary households. Thus, the project will add value on environment, household capital, food and nutrition, empowerment and employment of women and youths.

b. Immediate/specific objectives


The immediate/specific objective of the project is to restore the degraded sloppy land by introducing SALT model, an appropriate agro-forestry farming system technology suitable for small scale farmers and increase the earning of marginalized poor farmers by promoting the commercial production of vegetables. Specific objectives are:

• Restore the degraded sloppy agricultural land by the application of SALT model. • Increase the income and food security situation of marginalized farmers by enhancing the

commercial vegetable production and marketing networks. • Promote the location institution, inclusiveness and gender equality.

Beneficiaries Vulnerable and marginalized poor Chepang and Tamang tribes, Dalit, Brahmin and Chhetri households, who are living in the project area, and are facing from the problems of degradation of agricultural land and food deficit are the target beneficiaries. The project has focused on forage and commercial production of vegetable crops. More than 250 HHs will directly participate in the project for minimizing the land degradation and improving food security situation. In addition, 200 non-participant neighboring HHs will also be benefited indirectly from the project intervention. Farmer to farmer diffusion will take place to nearby villages and communities. The women will be the centre of the project and main change agent. Their presence and participation in all activities, action and decision making processes will be strong and they will be empowered to do so. They will be included at least 50% in the farmers’ groups and cooperative to promote gender equity. The project will lead them to a state of empowerment through their economic growth, gender equity values, access on resources and path of social transformation. The developed SALT model will be a knowledge and research centre for farmers, researchers, teachers, students, other aid agencies and development partners. This project believes that produced high volume quality vegetable will turn to better household income, increased food use, where people including women and children will have opportunities for better food security, nutrition and health, and education facilities.

Indicators The indicators that can be verified for the measurement of the attainment of the above outputs are presented below.

Output-1: • By the year 2011, crop rotation based food production system SALT model demonstrated at the

farmers' fields. • By the end of 2012, 250 HHs start the application of SALT model for soil and water conservation. • By the end of project, 250 HHs change traditional cropping system and adopt commercial vegetable

cultivation practices in 500 ropani of land. • By the end of the project, 200 non-participant neighboring farmers of the project area will aware

about SALT model. • By the end of the project, 250 HHs cultivate the fodder

Output-2: • By the end of 2011, 250 HHs oriented about nursery establishment and commercial cultivation of

vegetables. • By the start of 2011, 250 HHs start commercial cultivation of leguminous and cucurbits vegetable. • By the end of 2013, the annual income of 250 HHs increased by 15,000.

Output-3: • By the end of 2011, vegetable collection and information centre established for promoting marketing

and disseminating information related to SALT and commercial vegetables production. • By the end of 2013, linkages between producers, traders and consumers developed • By the end of 2013 project out disseminated via extension teaching materials and demonstration of

video documentaries.



Targeted Outputs: The main expected out put of this project is to introduce crop rotation based farming system model of SALT to conserve the degraded agricultural land and increase the income of the farmers through the commercial cultivation of leguminous and cucurbits vegetable. Another expected output of the project is also to establish linkages between the producers, traders and consumers and to disseminate the output of the project.

Output-1: Slopping Agriculture Land Technology (SALT) model promoted A series of activities and sub-activities will be conducted to achieve this output. The major activities are: base line survey of project area, site selection for applying SALT model, organizing farmers into groups, group managed nursery establishment for vegetable production, nursery establishment for fodder sampling production, rain water harvesting technology, maintaining terrace hedges etc.

Output 2: Commercial production of leguminous and cucurbit vegetables introduced and promoted The main activities conducted under this category are: training on commercial production of vegetables, distribution of minikits for commercial vegetable production, group managed nursery establishment and technical support for growing the vegetables.

Output-3: Marketing network established and project output disseminated. Establishment of collection and information centre for promoting the marketing of vegetables. Linkages between, producers, traders and consumers built up and project output disseminated via publishing the extension teaching materials and producing the video documentaries.

Project Status Report Activities Proposed Achievements

Output-1: Slopping Agriculture Land Technology (SALT) model promoted

1.1 Baseline Survey and report writing

1.2 Consultative meeting

with line agencies, farmers and other stakeholders

1.1 After farmers' group formation, a baseline survey of the all group farmers (250 farmers from) from 10 groups and 50 non group farmers was conducted in the project area. The baseline information focused to identifying the existing farming practices, land use pattern, cropping system and economic status of participating farmers of project sites. For the baseline survey, a HH questionnaire has been constructed comprising the both close and open types of questions in order to collect the basic information in line with socio-economic and demographic characteristics. The fieldwork has been carried out with the enumerators in collaboration with DADO, Dhading and Agriculture Service Centre. Data from the survey was tabulated, analysed and final report was prepared.

1.2 VDC level consultative meeting was organized in the project area. The purpose of consultative meeting is to share the project purpose and selection of project site and farmers and to develop project work plan at the field level. Farmers, stakeholders, traders, Senior Agriculture Development Officer from DADO and Project Coordinator and other project team members from PWEDO actively participated in the workshop.

Output 2: Commercial production of leguminous and cucurbit vegetables introduced and promoted 2.1 Formation and

strengthening of groups 2.2 Practical on spot training

on SALT model

2.1 There were altogether 10 farmers groups formed in two projects VDCs (3 wards of Mahadevsthan and two wards from Gajuri VDC). The project was adopt the strategy of "one House Hold and one member" in course of group organization. The participation of women in each group was around 50% and above. The groups were strengthened continuously to convert into cooperative. The groups will be responsible in leading project activities (planning, implementing, monitoring and


2.4 Start of SALT model in

field 2.5 Introduction of rain water

harvest technology 2.6 Training on commercial

vegetable production 2.7 Minikits distribution 2.8 Group managed nursery

establishment and commercial vegetable production

2.9 Nursery for fodder sampling production and transplanting on the terrace hedge row

evaluation of project activity). The groups will be responsible for "farmers-to-farmers" diffusion of tested technology.

2.2 Farmers’ group member were orient and trained about the SALT models and crop rotation. All the members of ten groups were trained on SALT model. The training was organized on the sport with active participation of farmers. The training was focus on introduction of SALT models in the degraded agriculture land. The training also focused on crop rotation based food production system of SALT model because this model of SALT will be used in this project. This will continue for next trimester.

2.4 Among the different four models of SALT, crop rotation based food production system will be applied in the project area. This model will be carried out for enhancing production and productivity of terrace based cropping systems, conserving soil erosion and growing different crops, for example, cereals for food security, high value leguminous and vegetable crops for economic growth of the targeted beneficiaries. Site selection to grow fodders was completed and in next month farmers will transplant Ipil-Ipil, Amriso, Napier, Kimbu and Bakaino sapling in the hedge rows of the terraces in their field.

2.5 In the project area, majority of the cultivated land is in rain fed condition. Rain water harvest technology will be introduced for collecting rain water and providing to the crops in dry period. Farmers are interested to construct the pound to collect the rainwater. Site selection for pound construction was completed and digging of pound will be started in next month.

2.6 Field level training on commercial vegetable production was organized in each farmers group. The focus of training was increasing the knowledge and skills of the target farmers. The training was integrated with production, processing and marketing of vegetables. Training was conducted from the project team members and experts. This will be continue for next trimester.

2.7 Minikit of vegetable seed such as bitter guard, cowpea, cucumber and sponge guard, four season beans, long beans, ladies fingers and capsicum were provided to ten farmer groups for raising the seedling in the nursery and grow vegetables commercially in their terraced land. The technical support for growing vegetables was provided by the field technicians and to motivate them commercial production.

2.8 Ten group managed nurseries of vegetables was established. Each group take leading role for establishing, managing, producing the distributing the seedlings of the vegetables especially of cucumber and bitter guard. For establishing vegetable nursery, seed and other necessary materials were provided. Each household will grow the commercial vegetables following the principle of SALT model.

2.9 One group managed nursery was established to produce the seedlings of Ipil-Ipil, Bakaino and Amriso. All farmers/or members of ten farmer groups were interested to coordinate for raising the fodder sampling production and distribute the sampling for transplanting in the hedge row of the terraces. Nursery establishment was started and and will continue for next trimester.


Project Title: Sustainable white grubs management through the use of indigenous

entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae Project No: PP No. 711/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Ram Narayan Chaudhary Address: Agricultural Research Station (ARS)

Pakhribas, Dhankuta, Nepal Telephone: 994260100 Fax: 994260100 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: MercyCorps, Nepal, CaGi program [email protected]

Sindhuwa Multipurpose Cooperative, Sindhuwa, Dhankuta District Agriculture Development Office, Dhankuta, District Agriculture Development Office, Ilam Regional Plant Protection Laboratory, Biratnagar

Start Date: 21 September 2010 End Date: September 2013 Project Cost: NRs. 9,99,600/-Location of Project: Mid and upper mid hills of eastern Nepal (Ilam, Dhankuta and

Panchthar)

PROJECT SUMMARY Farmers of eastern hills have intensified their cropping system by integrating high value crop in their limited land. Among various insects pests white grub is one of the major limiting factors for the productivity of these crops and what ever produced using chemical are facing the problem of pesticide residues and degradation of environment. The project aims to identify, verify and adopt the environmentally safe and sustainable management practice of white grubs using indigenous entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and its commercialization in the local level through cooperative and private sector. By the completion of this project, biological control technology will be developed and disseminated to the significant segments of the commercial farmers as well as to the resource poor farmers.

Background More than 44% of the Nepalese farm families derive their livelihood from less than 0.5 ha of land (APP, 1995). Therefore for sustaining livelihood these farmers have intensified their land use and have initiated integrating high value cash crops such as potato, vegetables and ginger in their existing cropping system. As a result of intensification, soil insect pests such as white grubs and red ants have become threat to the sustainability of livelihood in the new intensified system. Among the soil insects, white grubs are reported to be the most notorious in the eastern hills. In hills of eastern Nepal the extent of damage by the grubs varies with the crop and season. In ginger, 80-100 % damage was reported where as in maize, vegetable and late harvested potato its damage ranged from 20-50 % and 20% in newly planted tea in Bari land (Timsina, 2003). Farmers have no alternatives of insecticides to control white grubs and other insects damaging their crops. However, they are not aware of the judicious use of pesticides. Maharjan et al. (2004) reported that farmers in the Koshi Highway corridor use different insecticides up to 22 times in a crop season. As vegetables is the third largest consumer of pesticides (1450g a.i./ ha) as compared to the national average of 142g a.i./ha (Thapa, 2003), the agro-business is in threat, as they do not have alternatives of the chemical pesticides for insect pest management during off-season cultivation. Some basic research carried out by ARS, Pakhribas and IAAS, Rampur indicated that there is an ample opportunity to explore isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae for the management of white grubs that can be an alternative to chemical pesticide.

Project Purpose/Objectives The purpose of the project is to develop integrated white grub management techniques so as to increase the productivity of vegetable and cash crops and to contribute in livelihood improvement of eastern hill farmers. After the completion of the project at least one biological method for the effective control of white grubs adopted by participating farmers. White grub is one of the notorious soil insects and during winter it enters


well below the soil surface therefore the chemical control measures is difficult. The farmers of sindhuwa and ilam (personal communication) reported that they use persistent pesticides like Phorate, and Carbaryl however, not achieved any success so far. Fortunately, we have indigenous entomo-pathogenic fungus 'Metarhizium anisopliae' which have enough virulence to infect the white grub larvae. Keller (2000) reported that the infective material (spore) of this fungus can remain alive in soil up to one year without host. He also reported that the sustainable management of the grub has been possible in Switzerland in the field where fungus had applied many years back. The project has anticipated that through development and dissemination of biological control method will reduce the use of hazardous pesticides for the management of this pest. Moreover the farmers will be empowered with the knowledge of bio-agents that can kill the insect without harmful effect to the surrounding environment. This technology also contributes to the Integrated Pest Management programmed and organic crop cultivation which is a burning issue of the nation. The biological technology will contribute for the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity as well as in balancing ecology.

Beneficiaries The Primary target groups of the project are the off season vegetable (cabbage, cauliflower, radish and carrot), potato, ginger and tea producer farmers of Dhankuta, Ilam and Panchthar districts. Twenty five farmers from 5 farmers group will directly participate in the project and all the group members (approx 150 farmers) will get training as a farmer’s field school. These farmers will have direct involvement in the process of technology development and dissemination in the project. I/ NGOs and cooperatives are the secondary target group who are working with the Ginger and off season vegetable production programme. DADOs of respective districts will directly involve in the technology generation and dissemination. Similarly, the Regional Plant Protection laboratory (RPPL) will also benefit by exploration, mass production and promotion of the biopesticide. The main beneficiaries of this project are small-scale; DAGs farm families who derive their livelihood from intensified cropping system. The biological control of pest like white grubs makes food crops less vulnerable to pest and provides these families with opportunities to grow high value crops e.g. vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower, carrot, radish etc) in Dhankuta (Parewadin VDC) and potato, zinger etc producer in Ilam (Godak, Pasupatinagar) and Panchthar (Phidim). As the fungus remains active for many years in the soil, it reduces the continuous use of chemicals and thereby reduces the cost of production of crops to both rich and resource poor/marginal farmers. Other beneficiaries are the large-scale producer of off-season vegetables (who adopt the output of the project) of the eastern hills who can produce good quality product in a low cost of production, thereby increasing the net profit. Women who play vital roles in the production of vegetable (67%), 64% in ginger (APP, 1995) will be benefited without exposure to the dangerous pesticides for the control of insects. The developing agencies will also get indirect benefit in handing over the technology of biological control. Private sector and cooperative will be benefited by the process of commercialization of the product of fungus as bio pesticides that can generate extra income and employment. Local traders will be benefited through the marketing of the fungus and their involvement in different training and workshop will also strengthen their knowledge.


1. At least three virulent best quality inoculum of Metarhizium anisopliae will be identified and developed by 2011. Metarhizium anisopliae are found associated with the white grubs causing disease to the population, only their number is low in soil. The project intends to collect such fungus and assess for their virulence in the laboratory and finds at least two isolates that can be use for mass production and field demonstration.

2. By 2011 at least one formulation of biopesticides will be developed. The cost of production of fungus become high if the branded autoclavable plastic bags are use, so the ordinary plastic that can be autoclaved will be tested and the cost of production per unit of fungus kernel will be reduced. The substrates that are cheap and locally available will be assessed

3. At least 500 booklet related to technology and a video documentary will be prepared by 2013. A booklet (500 copies) will be published on the white grubs and its biological management technology. The booklet covers introduction of white grub species occurs in Nepal, extent of damage and the bio-agents


particularly Metarhizium anisopliae, its introduction, mode of action to the insects, effectiveness and precaution to be taken after application of fungus in the field.

Up-scaling Pathways The project is designed in such a way that all the proposed outputs will be produced in participation of farmers, SMCL and Mercy Corps; the partner INGO. This will increase the ownership among the collaborating farmers and other partners. It is anticipated that besides projects promotional pathways, these collaborating partners will also disseminate project outputs on their own. Furthermore, SMCL is one of the model cooperatives of Nepal where thousands of farmers visit and interact annually, will get primary information and the project output will reach far beyond the boundary of project.

To be very specific, project has proposed the following promotional activities: 1. Handover Mass Production techniques to SMCL and Mercycrops: Both of these organizations are well

established and possess excellent working skill and broad working network. SMCL is multipurpose cooperative working with more than 1000 farmers and produce off season vegetables for the Indian market and local markets. Mercycrops is an organization which works in value chain aspects of zinger, potato and large cardamom in the eastern Nepal in close collaboration with Nirdhan Utthan Banks, farmers group and local traders. It also works as a bridge between the farmers, traders and the bank to provide easy access of the resources to them. The project will handover technology to them and thereafter they will be able to make necessary arrangement for the production of fungus in large scale at local level to full fill the demand of their respective clients i.e. vegetable, zinger and other cash crop growing farmers or they will bridge the gap between the private sector and the bank to provide the loan for the establishment of the laboratory for the production of biopesticides provided by the project. In the mean time they also disseminate the technology to the clients.

2. Field demonstrations: Demonstration plots of 100 -150 m2 will be established in three districts in five farmers field for each crop (Cole crops in Dhankuta and potato and zinger in Ilam and Panchthar district). Those farmers who are not directly involved the project and are the members of the group will also get training and observe the demonstration plot. Local NGOs and Government extension agencies will also participate in the establishment and observation of the trial plots.

3. Farmers training, stakeholder workshop, publication and distribution of booklets and Video Documentary: About 150 farmers will receive training on biological control of white grub. It is anticipated that through farmers to farmer diffusion process, the technology will reach to other farmers. The information of the research will be made available to local Government development offices (DADO, DFOs) I/NGOs, Projects, CBOs , agro vets and local traders working in the area and other related organizations through the series of meetings and workshop and through the publication of booklets. A video documentary will be produce and made available to the Communication and publication division of NARC for broadcasting through Nepal Television and to NARDF. The mode of action and its efficacy for the management of insect and its availability in local level will be publicized through electronic and publication media so that the demand of the fungus will be increased and sustainability of the mass producer will be achieved in long run.


Targeted Outputs: 1. Severity and population dynamics of white grub and Virulent isolates of Metarrhizium anosopliae

identified. A base line survey will be conducted in project location to find out the severity, crop loss and population dynamic of the white grubs before the intervention of the project. Again the baseline survey will provide the hot spot of white grub to establish demonstration plot. The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae which has been found associated with insect collected and tested against the grub in the laboratory for their efficacy. The most virulent isolates are identified and maintained. These isolates will be used for the mass multiplication of for field demonstration. Furthermore these isolates are supplied to the private entrepreneur willing to produce in a commercial scale in local level.


2. Techniques for mass multiplication of virulent isolates developed and disseminated

Large amount of fungus will be required for the inoculation of white grub infested field. Moreover, mass multiplication techniques should be easy and sustainable. Thus the best isolates will be mass-produced in different locally available substrates to identify the effective and efficient mass production technique/s for both the granular and dust formulation. Two stage mass production processes i.e. blastospore production in liquid media and inoculation of blastospores in solid media will be followed (Keller, 2000). The locally available, cheap and suitable substrates such as maize grits (may be quality protein maize), broken rice, wheat and barley grains will be used for mass production of fungus. Mass production technique of fungus will be delivered through training to the interested partners.

3. Technology for sustainable and ecological management of white grubs disseminated For the dissemination of white grub management technology help from the private sector, I/NGOs and government offices will be made available. The mass production technology will be handover to private sector though MercyCorps, Birtamod, Jhapa and cooperatives through SMCL. The MercyCorps will facilitate to the access of loan to private sectors for the multiplication and marketing of fungus. Further, this I/NGO will also provide logistic/technical support in motivating farmers group. The project will also carry out activities such as field demonstration, training and publication for further dissemination of project outputs. SMCL will collect funds from different sources for the establishment of laboratory in the cooperative itself for the mass production of fungus. After completion of the project, ARS, Pakhribas will be responsible for sustainable supply of virulent inoculums of fungus to the identified mass producer. The Metarhizium anisopliae can be a best alternative to chemical for the management of white grubs in particular and other insect in general. Therefore the demand of the fungal formulation as a bio pesticide will increase and mass producer and end users will both benefit and technology will sustained in long run.


1.1 Base line survey to assess white grub severity and population dynamics in selected high value crops

A baseline survey was conducted in Dhankuta (Dhankuta Municipality and Parewadin V.D.C.), Ilam (Pashupatinagar, Godak and Panchakanya VDCs) and Panchthar (Fidim VDC) districts and identified the white grub population dynamics, white grub severe area, crop loss caused by the grubs and management practices followed by farmers.

The activity is completed. Crop farming is the major livelihood of the farmers which is followed by rearing livestock and vegetable farming. Cabbage farming is the major crop of the farmers of Parewadin VDC. However Potato, maize are the major crops of other research areas. During the past 5 years, severity of White grubs increased in Cabbage, cauliflower, ginger and other crops. Crop loss of 5-80% has been occurred in different farmers fields depending up on the crop. Mixed cropping, crop rotation and use of chemical pesticides are the management techniques used by the farmers for the control


of white grubs. Average number of grubs in 1m X1m plot was 2 which varied from 1 to 13. Based on this information, hot spot for field demonstration were identified.

1.2 Collections of fungal pathogen from white grub cadaver and soil samples

Two hundred grubs and soil samples (from each sites) were collected from different ecological zones (high, and mid hills of Dhankuta, Panchthar and Ilam). The collected grubs were reared in the laboratory individually in 60-100 ml capacity transparent cylindrical plastic bottles with cap perforated and observed for dead and alive on weekly basis up to three month. The cause of death were identified and recorded. The dead grub due to fungus Metarhizium anisopliae were kept on the surface of the soil on the rearing box and incubated at 270 C to allow for sporulation on the cadaver. The soil samples from the selected area were collected and fungus from the soil samples were isolated using larvae of galleria (maintained in laboratory) as bait for fungus. The fungal pathogens were isolated from the cadaver of the grubs and the cadaver of the galleria and inoculated in the the selective and semi selective media and incubated in 250 C.

- The activity is completed. - Several fungal isolates of

M. anisopliae has been isolated and collected from the cadavers

1.3 Preservation of collected fungus and maintenance of galleria population in laboratory

All the isolates have been kept for long-term preservation for future reference. Fungus is stored in the refrigerator (4-80C) for up to one year. After each three transfers, a host passage has been repeated to maintain fungus virulence. This was done by infecting the original host of fungus i.e. white grubs, by the isolates of core collection. The population of Greater wax moth Galleria melonella is necessary for the baiting of

- The activity is in progress.

- The isolated/collected fungi isolates have been preserved and maintained in ARS, Pakhribas Laboratory.


fungus in the soil samples. These insect larvae are also required for the monitoring of the fungus population in the fungus treated plots. This insects population has been maintained in the laboratory by rearing them in the artificial diet as prescribed in the standard protocol.

1.4 Assess the core collection through bioassay

The bioassay of the core collections has been carried out in larva of white grubs in controlled condition to identify the most virulent fungus pathogen that can be mass-produced. The bioassay experiment was conducted in the insect pathology laboratory following dipping method at 107 spore/ml concentration of spore suspension in water. Total number of insect per treatment (isolate) is 90 for three replication i.e. 30 insect per replication and control (Dipping in distilled water) for each set of experiment. The experiment was conducted in Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Weekly observation was taken for live and dead grubs and the food was replaced. The efficacy % was calculated by using modified Abbott’s formula.

- The activity is completed. - Grubs killed by the

isolates differed significantly (P<0.001).

- Pma 1 killed the highest percentage (73.3%) of white grubs. However, Pma 2 was found statistically at par with pma 1hp.

- Under control condition, grubs were not died due to fungal infection.

- Likewise, death of the grubs due to other factors did not differ significantly.

- Thus, the result indicated that the M. anisopliae isolates Pma 1 and Pma 2 are more virulent and more efficient in controlling white grubs among the tested isolates and can be used in mass production and field trials.

2.1 Identification of suitable mass multiplication media

As the fungus needs nutrients for its development, Maize grits, broken rice, barley grains and wheat grains were assessed. The best isolates (Pma 1 and Pma 2) were selected from the activity 1.5 and mass-produced in these medium. The detail method for mass production was two stage production system. First the blastospore production in liquid media and inoculation of blastospores in solid substrates (barley grains, maize grits, broken rice etc). The composition of liquid media was

- The activity is completed. - Barley grains was the

most suitable media for multiplication of M. anisopliae as fungal growth was better it in barley grains than other media.

- Other media has higher level of contamination problem. Moreover they took longer time for development of fungus.


as prescribed by Dr Keller (Protocol for mass production).

2.2 Identification of suitable fungal formulation

Suitable fungal formulation (granular, dust, wettable powder etc) was prepared and their efficacy were tested at the research station. Granular formulation were prepared in barley grains, maize grits and broken rice will be use for production of spore dust.

- Granular formulation in barley The activity is completed.

- grains was the most suitable formulation for application of M. anisopliae in the field.

3.1 Handover Mass Production techniques to SMCL and Mercy Crops

The local entrepreneurs (existing cooperatives/ pesticide sellers/ farmers groups) having capacity for the production of the fungus inoculums will be identified and provided training on the mass production technique of quality inoculums. MercyCorps will facilitate to the access of fund as a loan through Nirdhan Utthan Bank and other commercial bank to the local cooperative or private entrepreneur who come forward for the commercialization of the bio-pesticide particularly the Metarhizium anisopliae.

- The activity relating to the output 3 has not started yet but it will be proceeding as planned in the next trimester. Hence, output will therefore be achieved as originally planned.

3.2 Field demonstration Farmers who are associated in groups in Mercy Corp Nepal and Sindhuwa Multiple cooperative limited were selected for the experiment. This activity were initiated using isolates already tested at ARS, Pakhribas from the first year of the project. The plot size is 100 -150 m2

depending up on the availability of land and farmers were the replication. At least two farmers in each site and two sites in each district were selected. After application of the fungus the population of grubs, infection rate and damage to crops will be assessed and fungal population will be monitored. Finally the crop yield will be taken. The treated field and untreated field will be observed by the collaborating organizations, farmers, reporters and other line agencies.

- The activity relating to the output 3 has started and is proceeding as planned, and no problems have arisen in implementation. The output will therefore be achieved as originally planned


3.3 Farmers training, stakeholder workshop, publication and distribution of booklets and posters.

A booklet will be published containing the research outputs and series of training and workshop will be organized in consultation with the existing NGOs, DADOs and farmers' cooperatives. In training farmers logistic support will be borne both by Mercy Corp and the research project.

- The activity relating to this output 3 has not started yet but it will be proceeding as planned. Thus, the output will therefore be achieved as originally planned


1. The survey revealed that Crop farming is the major livelihood of the farmers which is followed by rearing livestock and vegetable farming. Cabbage farming is the major crop of the farmers of Parewadin VDC. However, Potato, maize are the major crops of other research areas. Farmers perceived that White grubs have become severe at different times in the past causing moderate to severe damage to agriculture. During the past 5 years, severity of White grubs increased in Cabbage, cauliflower, ginger and other crops. Crop loss of 5-80% has been occurred in different farmers fields depending up on the crop. Mixed cropping, crop rotation and use of chemical pesticides are the management techniques used by the farmers for the control of white grubs. Farmers ranked ginger as the first and cabbage as the second crop severely attacked by the white grub. Average number of grubs in 1m X1m plot was 2 which varied from 1 to 13.

2. The result indicated that the M. anisopliae isolates Pma 1 and Pma 2 are more virulent and more efficient in controlling white grubs among the tested isolates and can be used in mass production and field trials.

3. The experiment revealed that barley grains was the most suitable media for multiplication of M. anisopliae as the fungal growth was better it in barley grains than other media. Other media has higher level of contamination problem. Moreover they took longer time for development of fungus.

4. Granular formulation in barley grains was the most suitable formulation for application of M. anisopliae in the field.


Project Title: Utilization of Organic Solid Waste for Organic Oriented Vegetable

Farming in Madhyapur Thimi Municipality (UMGOVFM) Project No: PP NO. 712/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Mr. Dinesh P. Sapkota (Mobile No: 9841948030) Address: P. O.Box-19225; Tinkune, Kathmandu Telephone: 016211313; Fax: N/A Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations:

N/A

Start Date: October 1, 2010 End Date: March 31, 2013 Project Cost: Rs.19,86,085Location of Project: Madhyapur Municipality, Ward No 3, 5 and 12

PROJECT SUMMARY

B1: Background

Organic farming is an integrated farming system which involves technical aspects (soil, agronomy, and weed and pest management) and economic aspects (input, output and marketing) as well as human health (Lampkin,1990). Thus, organic agriculture optimizes the health and productivity of interdependent communities of soil life, plants, animals, and people (NOSB 2003). However, use of chemical fertilizers for increasing the productivity of agriculture products is growing to meet the demand of ever increasing population of the world. Consequently, the negative effect of inorganic chemical such as insecticides, pesticides, herbicides have been significantly observed in farmers as well as consumers resulting serious health problems. Nevertheless, organic vegetable farming has its own bottleneck. Production will reduce drastically at the first two to three years while shifting to organic farming. That is why, farmer are apathetic for the organic vegetable farming. Conversely, farmers are being attracted towards organic vegetable farming due to its demerits. Also consumers’ awareness level has been increasing that is why they are ready to pay extra money for the organic vegetables. It shows that the prospect of organic vegetable farming has been ever increasing.

On the other hand, solid waste management problem is escalating in all the municipalities of the Kathmandu valley which become headaches of inhabitants in valley. Nevertheless, land use pattern in this municipality is changing drastically from agricultural to residential due to rapid urbanization. This has further aggravated the problem of how to manage the solid waste in proposed municipality. In fact, this was the reputed municipality where traditional agriculture had widely been practiced by most of the dwellers in the past (ICIMOD, 2007). Action plan (2005) reported that about 80% of the totals municipal were used for farming purposes as per 1991 census. Now the situation has changed. Farming area is being not only reduced butt also agro-chemical has been used haphazardly. It seems that organic vegetable farming is only solution to overcome the both aforementioned problems.

In this scenario, this project, thus aims to initiate organic oriented vegetable farming among farming communities of Madyapur-Thimi Municipality with the purpose of solid waste management.

B2: Purpose of the Project

Action plan (2005) reported that 70% of solid waste is organic waste which can be utilized in the manure production. Similarly, it is reported that each household produces 1kg organic waste. In total, 300 household produce 346 organic wastes. It is prevalent practices in this municipality that solid waste are being dumped on roads or vacant land or on banks of rives. (MLD, 2005). On the other hand, farmers are practicing higher use of agro-chemicals and chemical fertilizers in order to increase the productivity. Knowingly and unknowingly, several agrochemicals and nitrogenous fertilizers have been used by farmers beyond the limitations which have accelerated the anima and human health hazards. On the contrary, side by side consumers’ level of awareness towards the harmful effects of agro-chemical has also been increasing day by day.


In this context, the main purpose of this project is to address the emerging problems of organic solid waste by composting with the aim of organic oriented vegetable farming. Technical knowledge of organic solid waste management scheme provides greater opportunities to inhabitants of this municipality to develop Madyapur-Thimi as a clean city. Use of organic manure will enhance the eco-friendly vegetable farming practices. Moreover, organic oriented vegetable farming might improve livelihood of rural families proving better nutrition and income compare to existing practices. Scientific evidences have demonstrated that organic vegetable farming could be one of the profitable and sustainable systems which could bring socio-economical changes for the betterment of the society in the long run. It is thus expected that utilization of organic waste in organic oriented vegetable farming will be one of the potential options not only for sustainable solid waste management but also promote organic vegetable farming.

B3: Target Groups and Beneficiaries

The major beneficiary would be 300 households in term of organic SW management. Out of them 100 farmers of Madhyapur Municipality would be directly benefitted from organic oriented vegetable farming. Among these farmers, females (50%), ethnic minority (20%), marginalized and disadvantaged groups (15%) are highly encouraged to take part in the project. Equally, the local traders, entrepreneurs and exporters will be benefited as a result of project activities. It will create additional employment for men and women in the region because of introduced vegetable production and marketing activities. Farmers are expected to mobilize family labor and utilize freely available resources. Further, the successful implementation of this project will enhance the environmental condition of Madhyapur-Thimi and adjoining area.

Organic fresh vegetable sellers, consumer and organic vegetable sellers and user benefit from this project. In addition as the organic farming is replicable, whole nation will be benefitted. All in all, this project will bear the fruitful results for local, central, regional, national and international organic oriented vegetable production and solid waste management.

D2: Objectively Verifiable Indicators Output wise objectively verifiable indicators have been identified (see log frame). Accordingly at least 70% increase in solid waste management and organic vegetable production with 10% increase in income of participating farmers compare to those non-participating farmers after completion of two and half year project period. About 100 households in Madhyapur-Thimi Municipality of ward No. 3, 5 and 12 participate with successful (100 %) utilization of solid waste for organic vegetable production with sound marketing, ensuing 10% increase in annual household (50) income after 30 months. Similarly, upon the completion of the project, sanitary situation along with economic parameters in project sites will be thoroughly improved. The box below shows the detail of verifiable indicators of the project:

Box 1: Verifiable Indicators of the Project 1. Baseline information of at least 300 households for solid waste management and vegetable farming

system analyzed 2. A community based solid waste management system incorporating 300 HHs established 3. At least 100 farmers (8-10 farmers’ group) including 20% poor, Dalit and marginalized farmers about

organic oriented vegetable farming trained and additional 1 tone of organic oriented vegetables produced

4. 10 % additional income of 50 HHs by producing organic vegetables increased. 5. A farmers’ cooperative for marketing of organic oriented vegetable products from project area

established

B6: Up-scaling of the Project This project is eco-friendly, technically feasible, sustainable so that this can be disseminated faster anywhere in Nepal especially those areas that are facing the solid waste management problem. Stakeholders’ workshop will be conducted to share the project experiences which will upscale the project among local community along with adjoining areas. Leaflets will be developed based on findings of the project activities. Audio-visual documentary will be prepared of the entire project activities which will be milestone for sharing the project learning with stakeholders. Trimester, annual and final reports will be prepared as the NARDF guidelines. Project findings will be documented and published in due period of time that will be made available to public. At the end of project, final report will be circulated to all municipalities including metropolitan cities.



Targeted Outputs: Out-put 1 : Existing situation of SW and vegetable farming system analyzed. Out-put 2 : Farmers’ group formed and mobilized. Out-put 3 : One community based solid waste management system established. Out-put 4 : Community based organic vegetable produced; market channel established. Out-put 5 : Project outcome up-scaled.

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress

status Remarks

Out-put 1: Existing situation of SW and vegetable farming system analyzed. Activity 1.1 Meeting with stakeholders Completed In first trimester of I year Activity 1.2 Baseline information collection Completed In first trimester of I year Out-put 2: Farmers’ group formed and mobilized. Activity 2.1 Organic vegetable group

formation Completed 6 groups having 137 farmers formed and

mobilized Activity 2.2 Training to the participant

farmers and community people On-going 361 participants (266 female, 95 male)

no. of farmers trained on the aspects of vegetable production

Out-put 3: One community based solid waste management system established Activity 3.1 organic waste collection mechanism

Completed

Activity 3.2 Manure structure construction Completed 49 manure structures constructed Activity 3.3 Organic waste composting initiation

Completed

Out-put 4: Community Based organic vegetable produced; market channel established Activity 4.1 Crop calendar preparation Completed In first trimester of I year Activity 4.2 Input supplies to the participant farmers

On-going Seed of 53 Kg of around 10 species distributed 300 buckets for separation of organic and inorganic solid wastes Materials for preparation of bio-pesticides distributed to 100 households

Activity 4.3 organic vegetable production on farmers’ field

On-going Around 21 tons of organic vegetables produced

Activity 4.4 Farmers field demonstration on bio-pesticide preparation

On-going 103 farmers received the service on bio-pesticides.

Activity 4.5 Organic oriented vegetable certification

On-track Planned for III year

Activity 4.6 Marketing channel establishment

On-track Planned for II year; III trimester

Out-put 5: Project outcome up-scaled. Activity 5.1 Tour and visit of the participant farmers

Completed Two study tour completed 19 male and 18 female participated

Activity 5.2 Workshops meetings On-going One for each group and all group members were present.

Activity 5.3 Documentation and dissemination

On-going Documentation of baseline information and workshop are mentioned and timely update in going on.



• All farmer groups, register to DADO, have not only boosted accountability and co-ordination among farmers but also improved the awareness on the importance of management of organic waste.

• Production of organic waste compost (from farm and kitchen) has reduced the dependence on agro-chemicals and chemical fertilizers for enhancing agricultural productivity as well as played significant role in reduction of organic waste which were mostly dumped on roadside.

• Effective use of micro-organism and preparation of bio-pesticides not only aid in the prolific production of vegetable but also enhanced soil quality which has initiated towards organic vegetable production.

• Demonstration tour, training and workshops are appeared to be effective tool for preparation of crop calendar, crop rotation and bio-pesticides preparation.

• Linkage with local stack-holders; Agriculture Development Bank, Municipality, mechanism of saving in local Cooperative, HASERA Resource Center, Kavre etc. have played great role in local capacity development and sustainability of farmers groups.


Project Title: ul/lj lgjf/0fsf nflu :6]leof k|j4{g kl/of]hgf Project No: 713/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Buddhi Pokharel Address: Gaighat, Udaypur Telephone: 035-420547 Fax: 035-420547 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Peace Society Center(PESOC) , Gaighat Udaypur Start Date: 23 September, 2010 End Date: 22 September, 2012 Project Cost: NRs 19,98,355/- Location of Project: Udaypur , Gaighat Nepal

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background g]kfn ;fgf] d'n's eP/ klg ef}uf]lns b[li6sf]0fdf ljljw k|sf/sf] xfjfkfgL ePsf] / h}ljs ljljwtfn] ;d]t clt

dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5 . o+xfsf] hnjfo' pkf]i0f k|b]zLo b]lv t'Gb|f k|b]zLo ;Dd /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;fgf] d'n's ePtfklg ef}uf]lns ljifdtf / h}ljsljljwtfn] el/k"0f{ b]z /x]sf] 5 . pknJw bIf dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|f]tnfO{ o+xfsf] ef}uf]lns cj;/;+u pko'Qm ?kdf kl/rfng ug{ ;s]sf] v08df g]kfnL ;d'bfon] ck]Iff u/]sf] cfly{s cj:yfdf ;'wf/ NofO{ pgLx?sf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ x'g] lglZrt 5 . s[lif Joj;fodf cfwfl/t g]kfnL hgtfsf] pGglt ;d]t s[lif If]qsf] pGglt u/]/ dfq} ;Dej b]lvPsf] 5, ;f] sf] nflu ljBdfg s[lif cg';Gwfg / ljsf;nfO{ ;'b[9Ls/0f ug'{sf ;fy} afXo b'lgofdf ljsf; ePsf k|ljlw, cj;/x?sf] lj:tf/ u/]sf] v08df g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfo cfh{g eO{ hLljsf]kfh{g x'g]5 . o; k|:tfjgfdf STEVIA -g]kfnLdf rLgL lj?jf jf rLgL emf/ elgG5_ nfO{ pbok'/ lhNnfsf pk{o'Qm uf=lj=;sf s[ifsx?df v]tL u/fO{ ;f] sf] pTkfbg ljqmL ljt/0f u/L pgLx?sf] cfo cfh{gdf j[l4 u/L pgLx?sf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ Nofpg d2t ug'{ k|d'v p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . :6]leof Ps ax'alif{o / ax'pkof]uL h8La'6L xf] . o;sf] j}1flgs gfd Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni xf] . h'g Asteraceae jfg:klts kl/jf/df k5{ / o;sf] pTklt kf/fUj] / a|flhndf ePsf] dflgG5 .

of] lj?jf rLgLsf] ljsNksf] ?kdf h'g;'s} 7fpdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . of] ax'pkof]uL lj?jfsf] dw'd]x, /Qmrfksf /f]uLx?sf] nflu cr's cf}ifwLhGo jg:klt xf], cfhef]nL jhf/df kfOg] dw'd]xsf /f]uLsf] nflu kfO{g] cf}ifwL o;}af6 ag]sf x'G5\g\ . :6leof pv'eGbf !% u'0ff / o;sf] k|zf]wgaf6 lgsflnPsf] :6]leof];fO{8 #)) u'0ff a9L u'lnof] /x]sf] k|dfl0ft ePsf]5 . hfkfg, rLg, cd]l/sf, o'/f]lkog h:tf ljsl;t / wlg d'n'sdf lrgLsf] ;6\6fdf :6]leof k|of]u Jof;flos ?kdf ePsf] 5 . ljif]ztM dw'd]x /f]un] dxfdf/Lsf] ?k lnb}+ u/]sf] cj:yf / of] jg:kltsf] k|of]uaf6 ;f] af6 d'lQm kfpg] ePsf] x'bf :6]leofsf] eljio Jofks /x]sf]5 . g]kfn h:tf] ljljw ef}uf]lns /x]sf] d'n'sdf :6]leofsf] v]tL Jofks :t/df u/L g]kfnL s[ifsx?sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ x'g] ;'lglZrt b]lvPsf] 5 . lsg ls o;sf] cGt/fli6o ahf/ Jofks / ;'lglZrt ;d]t /x]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 .

Project Purpose/Objectives :6]leof cf}ifwLo'Qm ax'jlif{o -Ps k6s /f]k] kl5 !)/!% jif{ jfRg] _ lj?jf x'g'sf ;fy} g]kfnsf] xfjfkfgLdf o;sf]

v]tL ;kmntf k"j{s x'g ;Sg] kfO{Psf] 5 . o;sf] pTkflbt j:t' kftx? x'g h:sf] jhf/ ;'lglZrt x'g'sf ;fy} k|lt OsfO{ cfDbfgL ;d]t cGo vfBfGgjfnLsf] t'ngfdf s}of} u'0ff a9L x'g] kfOPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] t/fO{, leqL dw]z / kxf8sf] xfjfkfgL hxf+ kfgL hDg] ;d:of 5}g / cfjZos k/]sf] a]nfdf l;rfO{ ug{ ;lsG5 ;f] :yfgdf o;sf] v]tL ;kmntf k"j{s ug{ ;lsG5 . cf}iflwsf] cltl/Qm o'/f]lkog d'n'sx?df :6]leofnfO{ rLgLsf] ljsNksf] ?kdf Jofj;flos ?kdf ld7fO{, rsn]6, cfO;lqmd, kfp/f]6L, k|zfwgsf ;fdu|L cflbdf k|;:t dfqf ul/Psf] 5 . :6]leof g]kfnsf] xfjfkfgLdf ;kmntf k"j{s v]tL x'gsf ;fy} jif{df $/ % k6s ;Dd pTkfbg lng ;lsG5 hals 708f d'n"ndf s]jn Ps k6s dfq lng] ul/Psf] 5 . of] yf]/} g]kfnLx? dfem kl/lrt ax'pkfo]fuL jg:klt g]kfnL xfjfkfgL, df6f]df ;kmntf ljut #/$ jif{ b]lv v]tL eO{ cfPsf] / ahf/Ls/0fsf] ;d]t ;'lglZrtf ePsf] x'+bf g]kfnL s[ifsx?sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] b]lv of] k|:tfjgf tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofO{Psf] 5 . o;sf p2]Zox? b]xfo cg';f/ /flvPsf 5g\ .

hgtfdf :6]leofsf] dxTj kmfO{bf / pTkfbg k|ljlw af - /] hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug]{ . - of] kl/of]hgf] k|f/Dedf l;dfGts[t s[ifsx?sf] ;xefuLtfdf sfo{qmd z'? u/L qmdzM Jofj;flos ?kdf 7"nf

ls;fgx? ;Dd lj:tf/ ug]{ .


- g]kfn nufot ;+;f/ el/g} lbgfg'lbg a9\b} uO/x]sf] dw'd]x h:tf] vt/gfs /f]uaf6 d'lQm lbnfpg ;d'bfo :t/ af6} kxn cuf8L a9fpg] .

- :6]leof h:tf] Ps gofF cf}ifwLo'Qm, ax'aifL{o tyf ax'pkof]uL gub]jfnLsf] cg';Gwfgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .

- pbok'/ lhNnfsf] b'O{ uflj; / Ps gu/kflnsf af6 z'? u/L cGo uflj;x?df o;sf] pTkfbg If]q a[l4 ub}{ qmdzM l5d]sL lhNnf ;Dd o;sf] lj:tf/ ug]{ .

Beneficiaries

of] kl/of]hgfsf] sfo{If]q pbok'/ lhNnfsf] lqo'uf g=kf= / ;f] ;+u hf]l8Psf hf]uLbx / xl8of uf=lj=;= s[ifs ;d"x dfkm{t ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . o; kl/of]hgfaf6 k|ToIf ?kdf l;dfGts[t yf?, bg'jf/, af]6] / d';x/ kl/jf/x? nfeflGjt ePsf5g\ pgLx?nfO{ :6]leofsf] lj?jf pTkfbg, /f]k0f, x]/rfx, s6fgL, ;'sfpg] tyf Kofs]lh8= ug]{ h:tf k|fljlws ljifodf tflnd ;+rfng u/L bIftf / lzk clej[l4 ul/Psf]5 . To;} u/L ;f] ;d"xx?nfO{ ;d"x kl/rfng, clen]lvLs/0f, ld6L8= dfOg'6 ;DaGwL tflnd, uf]i7L cfof]hgf u/L pgLx?nfO{ bIf agfpg] hdsf]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

of] kl/of]hgfaf6 nlIft ;d'bfosf # ;o kl/jf/ kl/of]hgf cjlw leq k|ToIf ?kdf ;xefuL eO{ nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ .

o;}u/L kl/of]hgf ;dflKt kl5 klg cGo ;d'bfox? ;d]t qmdz M nfeflGjt x'Fb} ljZjf; lnO{Psf] 5 .


Narrative Summary Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVI)

Means of verification (MOV)

Progress till date

Goal :6]leofsf] Jofj;flos v]tLaf6 pbok'/ lhNnfsf # ;o 3/kl/jf/ jflif{s cfo cfh{gdf ? %) xhf/ cfDbfgL eO{ hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g] 5 .

!) j6f s[ifs ;d"xsf #)) 3/kl/jf/sf] jflif{s cfo cfh{gdf slDtdf %) xhf/n] j[l4 x'g] 5 .

⋅ k|ult k|ltj]bg

!! s[ifs ;d"xsf #)) eGbf 3/kl/jf/n] o;sf] af/]df hfgsf/L kfPsf 5g\, h; dWo] %) %n] cfDbfgL j[l4 u/]sf 5g\

Purpose cufdL @ aif{ leq o; kl/of]hgf af6 k|ToIf nfeflGjt eO{ kl/of]hgf If]qsf # ;o kl/jf/n] k|lt kl/jf/ aflif{s Go'gtd krf; xhf/ ;Dd yk cfDbfgL ug]{5 .

⋅ :6]leofsf] dxTj, kmfObf af/]df &% k|ltzt ;xefuL s[ifsx?n] atfpg ;Sg] 5g\ . ⋅ :6]leof cfo cfh{gsf] alnof] dfWodsf] ?kdf ljsfl;t eO{ #)) kl/jf/n] k|ltjif{ ? %) xhf/ cfo cfh{g ug]{5g\ ⋅ %) hgf dw'd]x / /Qmrfksf lj/fdLx?n] :6]leofsf] k|of]uaf6 kmfObf lng]5g\ .

⋅ d"Nofs+g k|ltj]bg ⋅ kl/of]hgfsf] k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg ⋅ pkef]Qmfx?sf] k|ltlqmof, egfO{ ⋅ :jf:Yo rf}sLsf] k|ltj]bg

⋅ :6]leof v]tLdf ;+nUg ePsf () % eGbf a9LnfO{ o;sf] dxTjsf] af/]df hfgsf/L ePsf] 5 . ⋅ :6]leofsf] k|of]uaf6 @)) eGbf a9L dw'd]xsf /f]uLn] kmfObf lnPsf 5g\ . ⋅ :6]leofsf] dxTjsf] af/]df lhNnf leq / aflx/ Jofks hfgsf/L km}lnPsf] 5 . ⋅ pbok'/sf] klxrfgdf :6]leof ylkPsf] 5 .

Outputs:

!= s[ifs ;d"xn] :6]leof v]tL Jofj;flos ?kdf ug]{ 5g\

⋅ !) s[ifs ;d"x u7g eO{ Joj;flos ?kdf v]tL u/]sf x'g] 5g ⋅ % x] If]qkmn :6]leofsf] v]tL ul/Ps]f

⋅ ;d"x u7gsf] ljj/0f ⋅ kl/of]hgfsf] k|ltj]bg

⋅ !! s[ifs ;d"x dfkm{t $ x] hldgdf o;sf] v]tL ePs]f 5 . ⋅ Sfo{If]qsf] cltl/Qm cGo uf=lj=;= / lhNnfdf o;sf]


Narrative Summary Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVI)

Means of verification (MOV)

Progress till date

x'g]5 . v]tL lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .

@= :6]leofsf] pTkfbg jflif{s % 6g eO{ ;d'bfosf] cfo cfh{g j[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .

kl/of]hgfdf ;xefuL k|lt s[ifs kl/jf/sf] jflif{s cfodf slDtdf %) xhf/n] j[l4 x'g] 5

;d"xsf] ljqmL ljt/0fsf] nua's jf cfo cfh{g lx;fa lstfj k'l:tsf

tLg hg s[ifsn] dfl;s % xhf/ eGbf a9L o;sf] kft laqmLaf6 cfo cfh{g j[l4 u/]sf 5g\

#=pbok'/ lhNnf :6]leofsf] ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] ?kdf :yfkgf x'g]5

⋅ @ j6f g;{/L :yfkgf eO{ @) xhf/ j6f :6]leofsf lj?jfsf] cfk"lt{ ePsf] x'g]5 . ⋅ g;{/L ;+rfngaf6 @ hgf s[ifsx?n] jflif{s cfodf slDtdf ? %) xhf/ j[l4 ug]{5g\

⋅ kl/of]hgfsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg ⋅ g;{/Lsf] ljj/0f ⋅ g;{/Lsf] ljt/0fsf] nua's

⋅ @ j6f g;{/L :yfkgf ePsf / dfu cg';f/sf] lj?jf cfk"lt{ x'g;S5 . ⋅ % hgf s[ifs :6]leofsf] lj?jf pTkfbg ug{ ;Ifd ePsf 5g\ .

$=:6]leofsf] dxTj, pkof]lutf, v]tL ug]{ tl/sf af/]df k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] x'g]5

⋅ :6]leof ;DaGwL !))) k'l:tsf k|sfzg eO{ ljt/0f x'g]5 . ⋅ :6]leof ;DaGwL Ps Video documentary tof/L u/L ;f]sf] !))) yfg CD ljt/)f ljt/0f ul/g] .

⋅ k'l:tsf tof/L / ljt/0f ⋅ VIDEO documentary tof/L / ljt/0f

⋅ %))) eGbf a9L k'l:tsf k|sfzg ul/ ljt/0f k|rf/ k|;f/ Jofks :t/df ul/Psf] ⋅ Documentary ;DaGwL kmf]6f] lvRg] sfd ePsf] 5

%= :6]leofsf] g;{/L :yfkgf, k|;f/0f, harvesting, processing ;DaGwL !% hgf bIf hgzlQm lgdf{0f x'g]5

⋅ g;{/L :yfkgf, k|;f/0f harvesting, processing ;DaGwL tLg lbg] tflnd ;+rfng x'g] 5 . ⋅ !) j6f ;d"x ;b:ox?af6 !% hgf k|lZIffyL{ 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . ⋅ !% hgf bIf hgzlQm tof/ x'g]5g\

⋅ tflnd ljj/0f -;xefuL ;+Vof, tflndsf lsl;d, cjlw cflb ljj/0f _ ⋅ tlfndsf bIf ;xefuLsf] ljj/0f

⋅ @ j6f g;{/L :yfkgf ePsf / % hgf s[ifsx? :6]leofsf] lj?jf pTkfbg ug{ bIf ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] cGo s[ifsx?nfO{ ;d]t ;f] ;Lk l;sfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . ⋅ pbok'/df :6]leofsf lj?jf kfOG5 .

Up-scaling Pathways

pbok'/ lhNnfnfO{ :6]leofsf] >f]t s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; u/fpg] Wo]osf ;fy ;+rfng ul/Psf] of] sfo{qmdaf6 tflnd, uf]i7L, cjnf]sg e|d0f, 5nkmn, cGt/lqmof cflbsf] cfof]hgf u/L s[ifsx?sf] bIftfdf j[l4 u/L :6]leofsf lj?jf kfpg ;lsg] ePsf] 5 . of] kl/of]hgfaf6 ljsl;t ul/Psf s[ifsn] lhNnf leq tyf aflx/ cfjZos ;+Vofdf lj?jf pknJw u/fpb} cfPsf 5g\ .

s[ifsx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ qmddf b]zsf] cGo lhNnfdf ul/Psf] :6]leof v]tLsf] cjnf]sg e|d0f, cGt/lqmofsf] dfWodaf6 pgLx?sf] Ifdtf j[l4 x'sf ;fy} cfTd lj?jf ;d]t a9]sf] 5 . o; cltl/Qm :6]leof ;DaGwL cGt/fli6o lj1x? ;+u ;+d]t g;{/Lsf] e|d0f / pgLx? ljr cGt/lqmof ;+rfng u/L Ifdtf ljsf;sf lqmofsnfk ;+rfng ul/of] . g]kfnL


dfem yf]/} dfqnfO{ hfgsf/L /x]sf] :6]leofsf] dxTj, pkof]u, v]tL ug]{ tl/sf, ahf/Ls/0f ;DaGwL hfgsf/LnfO{ clen]lvs/0f u/L ;+rf/sf ljleGg dfWod dfkm{t k|rf/ k|;f/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

o;sf] lj:tf/nfO{ cem ;zQm ?kdf ug{ lhNnf, If]qLo tyf /fli6o :t/df cfof]hgf x'g] ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfox?sf] ljleGg k|ult ;ldIff, of]hgf th'{ uf]i7Lx?df ;xefuL eO{ of] k|:tfjgfsf] l;sfO{ pknJwLx?nfO{ k|rf/ ug]{ ul/Psf]5 . g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] nflu of] gf}nf] jfnLnfO{ g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ePsf k|fljlws, ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ahf/Ls/0fsf kIfx?nfO{ ;d]6L clen]lvs/0f ul/ ;f] sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ljz]if hf]8 lbO{b} cfPsf] 5 .


OUTPUT ACHIEVEMENT s[ifs ;d"xn] :6]leof v]tL Jofj;flos ?kdf ug]{ 5g\

− !! j6f ;d"xsf @% hgf s[ifsx?n] Jofj;flos ?kdf :6]leofsf] v]tL ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

:6]leofsf] pTkfbg jflif{s % 6g eO{ ;d'bfosf] cfo cfh{g j[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .

− xfn ;Dd % hgf s[ifsx?n] jflif{s ;/b/ ? @%))) cfDbfgL lj?jf / :6]leofsf] kft a]r]/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . h'g a9\bf] qmddf 5 .

pbok'/ lhNnf :6]leofsf] ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] ?kdf :yfkgf x'g]5

− pbok'/ lhNnfdf dfu cg';f/sf] :6]leofsf] lj?jf kfO{G5 o;sf] nflu clu|d k]ZsL lbO{ rfx]sf] dfqfdf lj?jf kfpg ;lsG5 .

:6]leofsf] dxTj, pkof]lutf, v]tL ug]{ tl/sf af/]df k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] x'g]5

− k'l:tsf k|sfzg / ljt/0f /]l8of]af6 k|;f/0f eO{ o;sf] dxTj, kmfO{bf / v]tL ug]{ tl/sfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L Jofks :t/df lhNnfdf ePsf] 5 . cGoq lhNnfaf6 ;d]t lj?jf lng cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

:6]leofsf] g;{/L :yfkgf, k|;f/0f, harvesting, processing ;DaGwL !%hgf bIf hgzlQm lgdf{0f x'g]5

− :6]leofsf] v]tLdf ;nUg ;a} s[ifsx?nfO{ g;{/L :yfkgf, k|;f/0f, xf/e]li68=, k|zf]wg ;DaGwL bIftf xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ / pgLx? c?nfO{ ;d]t cfkm\gf] lzk l;sfpg ;Sg] ePsf] kfO{Psf] 5.


SN Activities Progress status Remarks

! lhNnf :tl/o cled'lvs/0f uf]i7L

sfo{qmdsf] z'?df g} lhNnf :t/df ;+rfng ul/of] h:df %@ hgf ;xefuL ePsf lyP, of] uf]i7Ldf :6]leofsf cGt/fli6o lj1af6 k|fljlws kIfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . of] uf]i7Ldf lhNnfsf ;DaGwL lgsfosf k|ltlgwL, s[ifs, kqsf/ cflbsf] ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] .

@ ;d'bfo e]nf / s[ifs ;d"x u7g

sfo{If]qsf gu/kflnsfdf j8f :t/df / uf=lj=;=:t/df u/L hDdf ( j6f s[ifs ;d"xsf] e]nf u/fO{ sfo{qmdsf] k|j]z u/fO{Psf] lyof] . ;f] e]nfdf ;d'bfo:t/df ePsf ;d"xnfO{ g} ;lqmo u/fO{Psf] / ;d"x gePsf] :yfgdf dfq} 5'6\6} ;d"x u7g ul/of] . ;f] e]nfdf ;xefuLx?nfO{ :6]leofsf] dxTj / v]tL ug]{ tl/sf, ahf/Ls/0fsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] .

# :6]leof ;DaGwL k|rf/ k|;f/ / hgr]tgf clej[l4

k'l:tsf k|sfzg ul/ ljt/0f ul/of], :yfgLo Pkm=Pd dfkm{t :6]leof v]tL / dxTj af/]df k|rf/ k|;f/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

$ :6]leof k|j4{g tflnd

!% hgf s[ifsx?nfO{ :6]leofsf] k|fljlws / ;}BflGts kIfsf af/]df tflndsf] cfof]hgf u/L bIftf clej[l4 ul/of] . ;fy} lj?jfsf] cj:yf cg';f/ cfjZos kg]{ k|fljlws kIfsf] af/]df 5f]6f] tflnd cfof]hgf ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

% cfdf j]gf{ vl/b / 9'jfgL Xfn ;Dd b'O{ r/0f :6]leofsf lj?jf vl/b u/L 9'jfgL u/L OR5's s[ifsx?nfO{ ljt/0f ul/ ;lsPsf] 5 . ;f] lj?jf jg:klt ljefu,


SN Activities Progress status Remarks df]/8=sf] hft]af6 vl/b ul/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] xf] . xfn cfof]hgf leq bIf s[ifs ljsl;t eO{ ;s]sf / lhNnfaf6} cfjZos kg]{ lj?jf pknJw x'g ;S5 . pbok'/ :6]leofsf] nflu >f]t s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsl;t ePsf] 5 .

^ :6]leof g;{/L :yfkgf j]gf{ pTkfbg / ljt/0f -@ j6f g;{/L _

lq=g=kfsf] kfvfkfgL / r'xf8]df b'O{ j6f g;{/L :yfkgf eO{ ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ lo g;{/Laf6 :6]leofsf] lj?jf kfpg ;lsG5 . h'g lj?jf ;a} eGbf klxn] /l;ofaf6 cfO{ jg:klt ljefu x'b} o+xf ;+Dd cfO{ k'u]sf] xf] / o;sf] hft :nf:t]gf /fdf]G:sfof /x]sf] 5 .

& cg'udg tyf k|fljlws k/fdz{

kl/of]hgfdf ;+nUg sd{rf/Laf6 lgoldt cg'udg tyf k|fljlws k/fdz{ ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnL dfem gof k|hfltsf] lj?jf ePsf] x'+bf cg'udgnfO{ ljz]if Wofg lbO{Psf] 5 .

* cjnf]sfg tyf cWoog e|d0f

sfo{qmddf ;xefuL s[ifs, kl/of]hgfsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] # lbg] e|d0f df]/8= tyf emfkfdf :6]leofsf] v]tL ul/Psf] :ynsf] cjnf]sg e|d0f ;+rfng u/L pgLx?sf] bIftf / lzk psf:g] sfd ePsf] 5 . h'g Hofb} k|efjsf/L ePsf] 5 .

( sfo{d"ns cg''';Gwfg tyf clen]lvs/0f

(=! :6]leof ;DaGwL k'l:tsf k|sfzg / ljt/0f

:6]leofsf] v]tL ;DaGwL k'l:tsf 5kfO{ ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . o; cltl/Qm /fli6o :t/sf klqsfdf ;d]t o; ;DaGwL n]v k|sfzg ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

(=@ :6]leof ;DaGwL Video Documentary

tof/L tyf ljt/0f

g;{/L :yfkgf, lj?jf ;fg]{ tf}/ tl/sf, uf]8d]n, l;rfO{, s6fgL cflb cj:yfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg] p2]Zon] ljleGg r/0fsf] kmf]6f] lnb}+ cfPsf] 5 . kl/of]hgfsf] ;dfKt ;+u} ;f] >Jo b[io ;fdu|L tof/L x'g]5 .

!) :6]]leof xf/e]i6L8=, Kofls8=, e08f/0f ;DaGwL tflnd

klxnf] jif{sf] bf]>f] rfdfl;s cjlwdf :6]leofsf] v]tL ;+nUg #% s[ifs dWo] @) hgfnfO{ o;sf] xf/e]i6L8=, Kofls8=, e08f/0f ;DaGwL tflnd lbO{ bIftf cljj[l4 ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} ljrljrdf pgLx?sf] cfjZostf x]/L Ps lbg] tflnd ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

!! :^]leof ljqmL ljt/0f tyf ahf/ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL cled"vLs/0f tflnd

kl/of]hgfn] sNkgf u/] hlt pTkfbg x'g g;s]tfklg pTkfbg ePsf] :6]leofsf] kftnfO{ ;'sfpg], e08f/0f ug]{ ljqmL ljt/0f ;DaGwL k|fljlws hfgsf/L tflndsf] dfWodaf6 lbO{Psf] 5 . o;df @@ hgf s[ifs ;xefuL ePsf 5g\

!@ jflif{s sfo{qmd ;ldIff uf]i7L

Ps lbg] lhNnf :t/Lo uf]i7Ldf :6]leof ;DaGwL hfgsf/L lng OR5's @& hgf ;xefuL pkl:yt eP . uf]i7Ldf o;sf] v]tLnfO{ Jofj;flostf lng sl7gfO{ x'gsf sf/0f / ;+efJotfsf af/]df 5nkmn u/fO{Psf] lyof] .

!# sfo{qmd k|ult k|ltj]bg tof/L tyf k]z

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Project Title: Commercial Vegetable Farming for income generation in Chhinchu- Jajarkot Road Corridor of Jajarkot District

Project No: PP 714/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Hari Krishna Panta Address: Youth Manpower Mobilization Centre, Jajarkot Telephone: Phone089-680349 Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: 1. District Agriculture Development Office, Jajarkot

Start Date: September 2010 End Date: August, 2013 Project Cost: NRs 1997451.00 Location of Project: Karkigaun, Punma, Bhur, Jagatipur and Khalanga VDCs of Jajarkot

District

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Jajarkot is one of the poorest and remote districts situated in mid western region of Nepal. The average socio-economic indicators show that Jajarkot district is far below the national average and needs specific efforts to bring up to the national level. In the absence of adequate development infrastructures and difficult terrain of the district, available economic opportunities for the people are very limited. Farming is the main occupation for almost all the hills population in the region. Majority of the households of the district are adopting their traditional cereal based subsistence farming. Farmers are not aware and economically not able to initiate profitable activities. Consultation and discussion with the different stakeholders such as community people, DADO and local service providers it was realized that there is need of intervention of high value vegetable farming technology. Hence, this project aims at improving the household income of the resource poor and marginalized farmers of the district through the intervention of profitable commercial vegetable production and marketing by means of training, demonstration, interaction workshop, participatory monitoring, video documentary and technical booklet publication.

PROJECT PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES

Primarily, this project is intended to increase the income of project farmers by optimum utilization of the available opportunity of road and market accessibility of the project location. Besides this major purpose, this project has following purposes.

• Farmers will be motivated and started commercial vegetable farming: Most of the farmers of the proposed VDCs are resource poor and dependent on traditional cereal based farming. This project will motivate farmers to commercial vegetable farming by providing information about comparative advantage of vegetable production.

• Area and production of vegetable increased and marketing system developed: This project will work to expand the commercial vegetable area to 20 hectares. In the same way, project will work to enhance the production through technology demonstration. A marketing system will be developed by mobilizing cooperatives on input supply, fresh vegetable marketing and collection center operation and creating a good linkage among value chain actors.

• Income of the farmer from vegetable farming increased: The project is intended to increase 15% income level of disadvantaged groups like Dalit, Janjati, women and others through utilizing commercial vegetable production in better access areas.

Beneficiaries

Project location consists of five VDCs of Jajarkot district. The reason for selecting these VDCs is that these are corridor areas of Chhinchu - Jajarkot highway. There are many caste and ethnicities in the selected project locations. Primary focus of the project is income generation of disadvantageous castes/ ethnicities people and women farmers through commercial vegetable farming. Around 240 farming HHs from project area (5 VDCs)


will be selected as project-targeted beneficiaries for intervention. These 240 farming HHs will be selected based on the density of households in the project location. Among the 240 project households, at least 30% will be Dalit and Janajati and 40% will be women. The project will also consider the accessibility of the land. Therefore, landless people (who do not have operational land at all) will not be selected for intervention. This project will directly work to the above mentioned 240 HHs to increase their income level through vegetable farming. So, the 240 HHs are direct beneficiaries of the project.

There will be farmer to farmer technology dissemination effect of project to the non project farming families in the same project location. The same process will happen in the neighboring VDCs of the project and can be replicated in other VDCs also. These farmers will be the indirect beneficiaries.


• Two hundred forty farming household actively participated in 16 groups and these groups upgraded to a cooperative

• Farmers started group based commercial vegetable farming in 20 hectares area by improved farming technologies of vegetables

• At least eight plastic house constructed for year round vegetable production • One collection centre established for collecting the vegetables and its distribution by the end of the

project At least one cooperative functionalized for marketing of the vegetables produced by farmers.

Up-scaling Pathways

The project will support to the project beneficiaries directly and other interested farmers outside the project indirectly. This project will work on fresh vegetable production and marketing. The farmers of the projects location will increase their income by selling vegetables. The increased income of project farmers will be motivating factors for non project farmers and they will also work on vegetable production and increase their income which is the direct effect of scaling up of vegetable production work.

The strengthened capacity of farmers on vegetable production will support for development of micro enterprises such as processing of fresh vegetable (Pickle Ketchup, Sauce etc) and sell. This will create the employment opportunity to women and low land owners. This project will also organize workshop, group meeting and demonstration; publish booklets, reports etc and execute information broadcasting which will be helpful tool to widening the vegetable production and scaling up of the vegetable farming in the project area.

The collaborating partner i.e. DADO Jajarkot will be involved in many activities of the project. They can promote the better practices in the other locations of the district through their regular program. Other organizations, which are working in the development field, can incorporate the similar work in other areas too. This NGO is also working in maize seed production programme funded by HMRP in other VDCs. The good impacts of this project can be replicated there also. Therefore, there are many ways and options to up scale the project outputs by the beneficiaries and related organizations.


Targeted Outputs: • Area under commercial vegetable production expanded • vegetable marketing system established • Project output disseminated


Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1. Site selection Completed 1.2. Base line survey Completed 1.3. Groups formation and mobilization On going 1.4. Cooperative formation and mobilization Planned for second year 1.5. Trainings on fresh vegetable production On going 1.6. support on Vegetable seed, pesticides and equipment On going


1.7. Vegetable production demonstration On going 1.8. Training on off season vegetable production Completed 1.9. Plastic house demonstration On going 1.10. Support on micro irrigation On going 2.1. Support on collection center establishment and operation Planned for second year 2.2. Interaction workshop on vegetable production and

marketing Planned for second and third year

3.1. Internal monitoring On going

3.2 Participatory monitoring and evaluation Planned for second and third year

3.3. Booklet publication and distribution Planned for third year 3.4 Video documentary Preparation Planned for third year 3.5. District level Stakeholders workshop Planned for third year 3.6 Annual and Final Report On going

Achievements

• Four plastic houses are made for year round vegetable production • Ten farmers are able to irrigate the vegetable in through two plastic ponds irrigation facility • One cooperative is established for marketing of vegetables • About 10 ton of vegetables produced and marketed by the farmers.


Project Title: Conservation Agriculture for Long Term Sustainability, Natural

Resource Management and Environmental Protection (CA Project) Project No: 715/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Janmejai Tripathi Address: National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi Telephone: 071-522196 (O), 071-520431 (R), Mobile: 9857023926 Fax: 071-521905 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Agricultural Development Office Rupandehi,

Kalika Seed Company Pvt. Ltd, Siddhrathnagar-12, Rupandehi Start Date: October 1st, 2010

End Date: September 30th, 2013

Project Cost: NRs.1995250.00 Location of Project: Rupandehi district

Site.1 Patkhauli VDC, Ward no. 5 Sapahi village Site.2 Kamhariya VDC, Ward No.5 Sukrauli village

PROJECT SUMMARY Background The project entitled "Conservation Agriculture for Long Term Sustainability, Natural Resource Management and Environmental Protection (CA Project)" has been awarded by NARDF in a response to NARDF seventh call for full project proposal submitted by National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa Rupandehi. The project agreement was signed on 30th September 2010 as 3 years duration project (October 2010 to September 2013).

The rice-wheat system is one of the most important production systems for the food security and livelihood of the people. However, the sustainability of this production system has been showing the sign of fatigue. The production system requires more input, water, and labor year by year to produce the same amount of production indicating that our soils and other natural resources have been deteriorated. Decline in soil productivity, depletion of water resource, increased soil salinity and water logging, increased pest incidence, frequent occurrence of flood and drought have been threatening the whole agricultural system and environment. It has been reported that the average productivity of rice-wheat system is only 4.8 ton ha-1 while systems potential is estimated more than 9.0 ton ha-1. Despite a lot of efforts are being made in the past, the production and productivity has not geared up as much as required. The conventional system of crop cultivation seems to be failed to address most of the prevailing problems. Thus cost of cultivation has been increased and benefit has been lowered. This has led to the development of alternative technologies for the revival of natural resources (soil, water, air) along with increasing input use efficiency, reduction in the costs and labor required for crop cultivation in rice-wheat system. There is need to develop mitigation and adaptation strategies to moderate the potential harmful impacts of climate change and exploit the beneficial opportunities from expected changes.

The proposed project has targeted to address all above issues through conservation agriculture (CA) because it has ability to revive natural resources, provide longer term sustainability and means to mitigate and adapt climate change. Therefore, the proposed project has envisaged promotion of conservation agriculture (CA) for sustaining productivity, natural resources and environment.

Project Purpose and Objectives The project has been awarded basically to rectify resource conservation technologies (RCTs) with the principles of conservation agriculture (CA) for enabling agriculture system to revive natural resources from degradation, sustainable increase in production and productivity and combating the impact of climate change


in rice-wheat system. Therefore, this project has aimed to advance RCTs toward CA system for sustaining productivity, natural resources and environment. The cereal based rice-wheat cropping system has been targeted considering its importance in food security and urgency to improve this system from degradation and to protect from possible impacts of climate change. However project has set following specific objectives to achieve;

1. Transforming RCTs toward CA to grab the system oriented benefits in rice-wheat system 2. To identify different component technologies to adapt CA in rice -wheat system 3. To identify appropriate genotypes for drought, flood (rice) and heat stresses (wheat) in rice-wheat system

and to strengthen seed supply system of such genotypes 4. To lower the cost of cultivation and increase net benefits to the farmers To make farmers and other stakeholders aware of CA and upgrade their knowledge and skill for large scale adoption

Project Location and Beneficiaries:

There will be two sites for this project: one at Patkhauli VDC, Ward no. 5 Sapahi villge and next at Kamhariya VDC, Ward No.5 Sukrauli village of Rupandehi district. The small and resource poor farmers of these VDC’s will be the targeted beneficiaries where, dalit (20%), janjati (20%), women farmers (40%) and others (20%) are found more vulnerable to resource degradation and environmental effects. Although the project has been designed to have primary beneficiaries from people of the targeted area, it will also show national, regional and global importance. Different component technologies proposed in this project will help small farmers who were facing the weather problem (e.g. drought, heat, and flood) variety, seed quality and weed management related problems. The women farmers will be particularly benefited with DSR technology as it eliminates transplanting drudgery. Most of the CA activities are able to reduce farmer’s drudgery to greater extent. Seed growers, machinery owners, importers and small repair workshop people will also be benefited indirectly as farm mechanization will be improved. Judicious application of mineral fertilizers, no or minimum tillage with retention of crop residue will contribute to carbon sequestration, less emission of GHG and also improve soil environment that will finally have positive effects to mitigate and adapt climate change for the benefit of people and environment. The environmentalists, NGOs, CBOs and development workers will also be benefited who are working with the farmers in rural areas.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) 1. By the end of the project at least 30% of residue retention and growing of cover crops will be adopted in zero

tillage system by 30% of the site farmers 2. At least 2 varieties of rice and 1 variety of wheat will be identified for drought, flood (having SUB-1 gene)

and heat tolerance respectively and to fit in the CA system: 3. Need based N management, unpuddled transplanting and priming technique will be adopted at least by 100

farmers within the sites: 4. At least 100 farmers will have access of seeds of different type of genotypes: 5. A thousand of farmers and other stakeholders will be made aware of CA principles and practice. 6. By end of the project at least 1000 farmers and other stakeholders will be made aware of CA principles and

practices through increased participation in different activities of the site farmers, outside visitor farmers and other stakeholders from DADOs, NGOs and other organizations, distribution of leaflets and booklets and personal communications and workshops and seminars.

Up-scaling Pathways

As farmers start experimenting they will learn conservation agriculture and its benefits individually and in a community. They will learn how conservation agriculture help reviving natural resources mainly soil and water resources and how it provides means to adapt climate change. A demonstration effect of all ongoing activities will help farmers to learn about their impacts. Increasing accessibility to the RCT equipments, proper training support and provision of service providers in the villages will ensure the adoption. Encouraging procurement of RCT equipments by individual farmers or group of farmers to provide their


services on rental basis, increasing availability of machineries and their spare parts through public and private sector, providing credit facilities to the needy farmers may accelerate the adoption of RCTs and farm mechanization process. Publication of booklets on conservation agriculture, machinery use and troubleshooting tips and use of electronic media for mass communication should be the part of up scaling strategy. NARC research stations, DADOs and NGOs/CBOs programs would be linked up to scale out these activities from the project sites. Successful farmers groups and associations will also be mobilized and supported to upscale the CA practices. A follow up program may also be launched in program area by concerned agencies to monitor afterward progresses and support the farmers in moving them forward. Further, it will be institutionalized in regular extension networking (DADOs program) of Department of Agriculture and in outreach research program of Nepal Agricultural Research Council for large-scale adoption in other parts of the country.


The following are the expected output from the proposed project: 1. Resource conservation technologies advanced with the CA principles 2. Appropriate component technologies to adapt CA in rice -wheat system identified 3. Seed supply system of screened genotypes strengthened 4. Farmers and other stakeholders made aware and their knowledge and skill upgraded toward adapting CA

principles. Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1. Crop residue management in zero

tillage wheat Two crop cycle completed

Data entry, analysis and report writing is in the process

1.2. Direct seeding of rice through RCT equipments and its management with CA perspective

One season completed DSR performed well and farmers response is also excellent

1.3. Double zero tillage in RW rotation with inclusion of cover crops system perspective

One cycle for rice and wheat completed

Data entry, analysis and report writing is in the process. Farmers are impressed with the results

2.1. Sesbania co-culture (brown manuring) One season completed Doing well, farmers are learning the method

2.2. Variety screening for direct seeding and drought tolerance in rice

One season completed Managing different draught tolerance variety of rice seed and other inputs

2.3. Variety screening for heat tolerance in wheat

Two crop cycle completed

Data entry, analysis and report writing is in the process

2.4. Testing of Sub-1 gene induced rice genotypes for flood prone areas under DSR or TPR

One season completed Sub-1 gene induced rice varieties swrna sub-1 and sabha sub-1 performed well under flooded condition

2.5. Performance evaluation of unpudled rice transplanting

One season completed Transplanting without puddling in tilled bed after irrigation performe similar to puddled field

2.6. Need based N management through leaf color chart (LCC)

One season completed Farmers like the LCC chart for split N application

2.7. Effect of seed priming / nutrient priming in DSR and ZT wheat

One cycle for rice and wheat completed

Data entry, analysis and report writing is in the process. Farmers are impressed with the


results 3.1. Seed multiplication of selected

genotypes for stress environment No activity in this season Activity of next year

3.2. Seed kit distribution No activity in this season Activity of next year 4.1. Inception workshop Completed Reported 4.2. Baseline survey Completed Data entry ongoing 4.3. Training to farmers and other

stakeholders Completed Farmers and different stake

holders participated 4.4. Booklet/ leaflet publication Documentation in the

process going on

4.5. Audio visual preparation of project activities

Completed for one season in Wheat and still continued

Its ongoing process throughout the project period

4.6. Farmer exchange visit Completed Farmers of one site visited to another site and vice versa

4.7. Periodic and final report publication ongoing Regular reporting has been going on

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) Farmers find Direct seeding of rice (DSR) technology suitable for given circumstances as a result area under DSR has been increasing. Similarly zero till wheat area has also been increased as many farmers in the sites adopted zero till wheat with provided zero till seed drills. All wheat experiments have been harvested and sampling has been done for data collection. Data entry and further processing has been going on. Detail would be published in the annual report.


Project Title: Conservation and promotion of Lulu cattle: a pioneer program in

livestock improvement and utilization of underexploited livestock breeds.

Project No: PP No. 716/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Lok Nath Paudel, PhD Address: Natural Resources and Agriculture Management Center (NaRAM Center),

Kathmandu Metropolitan city -16, Balaju, Kathmandu. Telephone: 00977-1-4880324 (Office), 015540236 (R.), 9841308620 (Mobile) Fax: 00977-1-5538902 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: 1. Central Bovine Promotion Office, Harihar Bhavan, Lalitpur, Nepal

2. District Livestock Services Office, Jomsom, Mustang Start Date: October 2010 End Date: September 2013 Project Cost: NRs. 22,93,600.00 Location of Project: Five VDCs (Kagbeni, Jomsom, Marpha, Muktinath and Jhong) of Mustang

district

PROJECT SUMMARY Background

The animal genetic resources, in particular, are shrinking due to introduction of exotic blood and because of the low priorities given for the development of indigenous animal germplasm in the past. Twenty-six breeds of cattle, buffalo, horse, sheep, goat, pig and poultry are known in Nepal (DoAP, 2009). Among these breeds pure Siri cattle have been extinct, Achhami cattle is at the verge of extinction, Lime buffalo is in the endangered stage, Lampuchhre and Kage sheep are at the risk, Bampudke pig is about to be extinct. Lulu, which is one of the smallest breeds of hairy cattle in the world, highly adaptive in High Mountain and Himalaya region is in the verge of extinction (MFSC, 2002). Not only because of its body morphology but because of its highly adaptability in harsh environment of the region, this breed has to get utmost priority for its conservation and utilization. Though, Government of Nepal has launched some programs to these areas in the past, because of the less attention paid to the participation of stakeholders and because of not adopting package program, the program could not get success. This is the time that everybody should realize that “biodiversity is wealth unknown” and “Community is strength unknown”.

District Livestock services Office (DLSO), Mustang, 2010 reported that there are 6,312 cattle, 76 buffalo, 50,292 goats/Chyangra, 4,018 sheep and 4,077 Yak, Nak and Chauri. Almost all the population of the cattle is local and non-descript breeds. There are only 70 crossbred cattle in Mustang district. As compare to 2009, the population of cattle has been decreased by 13.3% in 2010. The milk production has also decreased by 14% (150 from 174 mt) during the same period. The main reasons behind the decrease in the cattle population and productivity, as stated by the DLSO, were lack of enough feed and no scientific breed management practices. It is reported that the total feed requirement for the animal population of the district is 2,91,594 mt where as feed availability is only 1,92,182 mt( 34% deficit). This project has been formulated to address the real problems of the farmers, e.g., inadequate knowledge on the importance and potentiality of Lulu cattle, feed shortage, inadequate management and breeding knowledge, diseases and parasites infestation in Lulu cattle. Because of the problems in cattle farming, especially in feed, breed and health management, farmers of the area are giving off the enterprise and looking for some other alternatives (DLSO, 2009). So, it is an utmost necessity to implement such programs that can help to increase the feed availability, to initiate breeding plan and mitigate the animal health problems. Hence, this project has been proposed as a holistic program for the efficient and effective conservation, promotion and utilization of the Lulu cattle in the project VDCs of Mustang district.



This project is purposed to increase the income status of the farmers, in the project VDCs, by conservation, promotion and utilization of Lulu cattle. The project aims to distribute and cultivate appropriate species of fodder and forage. Through the creation of awareness on the importance of Lulu cattle and ecosystem conservation, appropriate selection and cultivation of forage and pasture lands, training to the farmers, proper methods of breeding and selection, the project would be able to positively alter the present trend of reducing the number of Lulu cattle in Mustang district. The project will estimate the total number of Lulu cattle in Mustang district that would give the real status of the animal to adopt the appropriate strategies for the conservation of the animal genetic resources. The project will develop a breeding plan based on the local selection of the breed. It envisages to increase the productivity of Lulu cattle by 20% in the project VDCs by the year 2013. This will help to increase the per capita milk consumption in the district. By the performance recording program, the project will test the null hypothesis that there is no significance difference for milk production among Lulu cattle in Mustang district. So, the results of this project would be taken as the noble outcomes which could be replicated in Mustang district as well as in some other parts of the country with the similar farming systems. Beneficiaries

The project will implement its activities with the formation of farmers' groups. Five groups comprising of 10 farmers in each group in each VDC will be organised. Hence, 50 households (HHs) in one VDC and altogether 250 HHs from five project VDCs will be the members of the Lulu cattle conservation and promotion program. The average family size/HH of the VDCs was found as 5.3 in these VDCs (NDII, 2006). So, 1,325 people will be the beneficiaries of the project. There will be at least 50% women representation in the groups as well as in the committees. Therefore, it will create gender balance and help in women empowerment in livestock farming in the targeted VDCs. The project will include all the races, tribes and castes of the societies in the project area and hence it will be an inclusive project. It has been envisaged that the project will increase milk production by 20% (from 150 to 180 Mt/annum) at the end of the project period. So, it will enhance the nutritional status of the children as well. The multiplier effect of the project activities will indirectly benefit many farmers of the neighbouring VDCs. The government agencies will get the tested technology at hand to launch such conservation programs in other districts too. Because of unique size and physiology, Lulu cattle is the breed of the global concern. This project will also be a milestone towards the formulation of national plan of action for farm animal genetic resources (NPAFAnGR) in Nepal. The project puts high priority for the fodder and pasture production programs. Hence, it will have positive impact on women, poor people, and environment.


As per the methodology, 35 farmers per VDC were surveyed and the data were analysed. In this time period, a workshop to create the awareness among the farmers about the Lulu cattle has been completed. Two hundred progressive farmers have been trained on the importance of Lulu cattle, forage production and conservation, methods feeding and management. Twelve and half hectares of land has been sown with the improved forage seeds. Thirty-five lactating cows/VDC from Muktinath and Jomsom have been randomly selected and are under the performance recording system. Altogether 1,000 cattle have been drenched against internal and external parasites up to April, 2011. Up-scaling Pathways Conservation and utilization of Lulu cattle program is the proficiency of the farmers of Mustang district. Because of the diffusion effect, this program disseminates the skill and knowledge acquired by the farmers to other farmers of the district and its neighbours. Interaction programs like seminars, workshops and meetings also disseminated the outcomes of the project. In addition, the outcomes of the project will be published in the final report and will be provided to the NARDF. One of the stakeholders of the project is District Livestock Services Office (DLSO), Mustang. The project activities will be up-taken by the DLSO, Mustang after the


completion of the project. Central Cattle and Buffalo Promotion Office (CCBPO), Lalitpur will promote the breed improvement program in the project VDCs and in other VDCs of the district. Since the conservation, promotion and utilization of Lulu cattle is the felt needs and the demand driven program, the demonstration effect of the project would be very effective for the farmers of the neighbouring VDCs to copy the technology of the project for the conservation and promotion of Lulu cattle. Hence, there are the clear promotional pathways for the uptake, or up-scaling of the project.


Targeted Outputs: Output 1: Milk production performance of Lulu cattle assessed:

Output 2: Feed deficit reduced:

Output 3: Breed improved through local selection:

Output 4: Conservation, promotion and utilization methods of Lulu cattle documented and disseminated


Activities Progress status Remarks

1.1 Questionnaires design, pre-testing and baseline

survey

1.2 VDC level awareness workshops

1.3 Farmers' groups and committees formation

1.4 Selection of the animals for performance

recording

1.5 Performance recording

1.6 Performance recorded data entry and analysis

Completed in Dec, 2010



Completed in May, 2011

Ongoing

Yet to begin

2.1 On the spot training on fodder, forage and pasture

cultivation and conservation

2.2 Forage seed procurement and distribution

2.3 Plantation/sowing of fodder and forage of/in

different seasons

2.4 Demonstration on forage harvesting, feeding and

conservation


First year part completed in

April, 2011


April-May, 2011

Yet to begin

3.1 Drenching of the animals against internal

parasites with appropriate anthelmenthics

3.2 Vaccination of the animals against the infectious

diseases

3.3 Selection and purchase of breeding bulls

3.4 Breeding bull management


April-May, 2011


May, 2011

Yet to begin

Yet to begin


3.5 Breeding records management Yet to begin

4.1 Preparation of Video documentary

4.2 Preparation and publication of leaflets,

pamphlets and booklets on conservation,

promotion and utilization of Lulu cattle.

4.3 Dissemination of findings: Workshop, technical

paper preparation and presentation in seminar

4.4 Project monitoring

4.5 Evaluation of the project based on

baseline survey

4.6 Final report writing and submission to the

NARDF and other line agencies and

stakeholders

Ongoing

Yet to begin

Yet to begin

Yet to begin

Yet to begin

Yet to begin


1. Valuable information obtained from the baseline survey which would be very useful in implementation of the project activities.

2. Farmers oriented about the project and its activities during the VDC level awareness workshops which created favourable and friendly environment in implementation of the project activities.

3. Twenty-five farmers' groups and five committees formed to implement the project activities effectively and efficiently.

4. On the spot training on fodder, forage and pasture cultivation resulted in cultivation of forage as suggested by the respective project team members.

5. About 12.5 hectares of land cultivated with improved forage seeds which would be very useful and nutritious in feeding Lulu cattle.

6. Seventy recently calved cows selected and taken under the milk performance recording system for a period of 10 months (a complete lactation) which would provide important information about the performance of Lulu cattle and would guide in selection of the breeding bulls to distribute in project VDCs.


Project Title: Promotion of Exportable Honey Through Beekeeping Enterprise in Sarlahi

District of Nepal. Project No. : PP 717/2009/10 Project Coordinator Sunil Gautam Address Rastriya Rojgar Prawardhan Kendra(RRPK), Sarlahi Telephone 046-520082 / 9846119617 Fax 046-520381 Email [email protected]/[email protected] Collaboration/Partners District agriculture development office, Sarlahi Duration of Project 3 years Project Cost NRs. 29,96,000/- Location of Project Jabdi, Bhaktipur, Ranigunj, Ishwarpur, Kalinjor and Patharkot VDCs of sarlahi

district. PROJECT SUMMARY Due to diversity in bee flora, Nepal is recognized as one of potential country of massive beekeeping. Honey from Nepal in most cases organic by default, as use of pesticides and veterinary drugs are as minimal as their access to honey production pockets. The overall purpose is to promote exportable honey through beekeeping enterprise in Sarlahi district. This condition is achieved with massive cultivation of bee flora so that bees can forage almost round the year excluding deep winter days, step-wise technical trainings, establishment of well equipped resource centers, skilled hands on honey processing and utilization of other related products. In the project area most of the people were engaged in subsistence farming, labors and foreign employment. The communities are characterized by malnutrition, poverty, food insecurity, migration, unemployment, lack of technical knowledge and opportunities. Social and demographic structure was very complex and they have been always excluded from development services and agriculture technologies. Many farmers were very poor and almost lack of income generating opportunities and they were unaware to the improved technology. The proposed area was highly potential and favorable for exportable honey production. So, the project was designed accordingly as demand of the project area and the program is associated with the strong potential of bee pasture development in the targeted area.

Project Purpose: The overall purpose of the project is to promote exportable honey through beekeeping enterprise in Sarlahi district. Due to the arising trend in honey consumption, it is gaining popularity within the country especially in the urban areas and it has a good export market too. With the completion of the project following conditions would be observed:

• Farmer groups will have sufficient bee flora • Farmer groups start using modern bee hives • Farmer groups start using honey extractor • Farmer groups start processing, packaging and labelling of honey which flow to the market outlet • Resource centres start purchasing, making and selling of beekeeping related materials and tools to

beekeepers • Farmer groups will start utilizing related products like beeswax for making candles, dolls etc.

Target Group and Beneficiaries:

Farmers: Farmers are the first and foremost beneficiaries of the project. They utilize their own holding, enhance the technical capacity, get improved production and productivity, get good market for their product and sell their product to get cash income.

VDCs and related institutions: With the implementation of this project, VDCs are other related institutions such as CBOs will be benefited both directly and indirectly. They will be in touch with the project team and other collaborating organizations. VDCs will have good chance of increasing agricultural production and productivity


which has direct relation in the food security situation and improved nourishment in the concerned VDCs.

Professionals: Technical professionals who are directly involved in the agricultural sector will also be the

beneficiaries of the project. They can be involved and get benefit from the project. Traders: Traders involved in wholesale and retailing will have honey and related products of new concern and

directly benefit from the intended commodity of the project. Consumers: People like pure honey and has prompt market for it. Local and other consumers get direct benefit

from quality product from beekeeping enterprise. In total 600 farmers in 30 Groups are directly benefited from this project.

Promotion Pathways for Uptake or Up scaling of the Project : This is itself an up-scaling type project which primarily focuses on empowering the technical and marketing skills of potential beekeepers. Enhancing updated knowledge, skills, institutional learning and networks of these groups with other government and non-government institutions do pave way for further out scaling of these enterprises. In other words, once the groups start quality honey and related products marketing to different stakeholders including farmers that are the sign of ensured uptake pathway. District Agriculture Development Office has asked for conducting demonstrations in the first year through their ASC.

• Marketing committee includes the active farmers, wholesaler, and retailer including women in the committee. It helps to search the national as well as international market for exportable honey.

• Establishment of at least two price collection centers and collection of information daily basis and publication of price list on a trimester basis.

• Information system of honey prices developed and institutionalized at local and regional level. • Honey price information flow of different places (as much as possible) and other marketing advises

are provided from information collection centre on daily basis. Involvement of all stakeholders with their usual responsibilities generates the feeling of ownership of the enterprise and price collection centers.


• Gender-balanced inclusive beekeeping farmer groups effectively mobilized and bee pasture improved in the project area

• Sustainable support services provided and technical capability enhanced and Self sufficient beekeeping resource centre established

• Increased farm income through selling of quality honey and related products

Activities Proposed

Activities Activity status

Design of the Activity

1. Basic awareness training

Completed in April 2011

40% of the farmers selected are now ready to adopt the beekeeping enterprise in 20% subsidy.

2. Practical training on beekeeping

Completed in June 2011

To enhance the knowledge of farmers on modern bee keeping practice & knowledge, farmers were trained through practical training. Key farmers were selected from each beekeeping farmers’ groups and provided them with practical training so that they can be used as farmer to farmer extension services at least for their own group.

3. Queen rearing and colony improvement training

Completed in 2012(1st trimester)

Management Queen bee hives and colony of bee were improved by its improvement practices through training.

4. Bee pasture development training

Completed in 3rd trimester 2011

Based on the available bee flora and potential and compatible new introduction, bee pasture calendar will be prepared. The existing and new potential and compatible bee flora will be


added through local nursery. Local nursery of annual, biennial and perennial bee flora are established and distributed to the bee keeper farmers in nominal price.

5. Carpenter training on bee-hive production

Yet to be completed

Activity no 5 will be completed as proposed in the schedule

6. Beekeeping leaflets and posters publishing

Completed in 1st trimester 2012

500 Bee keeping leaflets and posters were published in which fundamental message and information disseminated.

7. FM radio broadcasting on beekeeping

Completed in 2nd trimester 2011 and 1st trimester 2012

Information and news of bee keeping were disseminated by Local FM

8. Preparation of year-round bee pasture calendar

Completed in May 2011

More than 10 species of plants suitable for maintaining year round bee pasture in Sarlahi district was identified.

9. Award to the farmer groups

Completed in November 2011

Best farmers were awarded and marketing assess with the help of DADO

10. Study and demonstration of bee pollination

Completed in Dec 2011

Pollination process of bee keeping demonstrated.

11. Documentation and reporting (visual documentary also)

Yet to be completed

Activity no 11 will be completed as proposed in the schedule

12. Baseline Survey/Mid term evaluation/Final project evaluation

Baseline Survey is Completed in April 2011. Mid-term evaluation completed in 1st trimester 2012

Final project evaluation will be completed as proposed in the schedule. Actual demographic and income of 600 farmers was surveyed.

13. Bee pasture improvement in the community forests


Plant species suitable for bee pasture are added in the 10 community forests of the project area.(1000 bee flora plants were distributed)

14. Log-hive improvement and colony improvement


Basic training on modern bee-hive conducted and Colony improvement training was provided to active farmers.

15. Development of pesticide-free bee pasture/organic farming

Completed in July 2011

Enhancement of organic farming in farmers' filed along with free pesticide vegetable and fruit cultivation.

16. Distribution of bee colony to the beekeepers

Completed in 2nd trimester 2011

60 bee colony and bee hives were provided to 30 groups of farmers.

17. Artificial queen rearing and distribution

Completed in 2nd trimester 2011

30 key farmers trained by 30 groups on queen rearing.

18. Establishment and Completed in Two resource centers were established to collect honey,


development of Beekeeping resource center

3rd trimesters 2011

packaging and labeling.

19. Enhancement of local production, storage and supply of beekeeping instruments and related byproducts

Completed in 3rd trimesters 2011

Enhancement of production on local honey , and its storage to supply of by products (many groups also have good job on wax produce and making candle)

20. Support services for honey processing, packing, labeling, storage, transportation and quality test of honey products


Bee-honey was ensured qualitatively production as well as its packing, labeling, and transportation to local cooperatives and organization/by groups.

21. Program monitoring and technical supervision


All the activities were monitored by project staffs leading by project coordinator, organization chief and board members. Jointly monitored with VDC, DADO staffs frequently.

22. Technical service to the beekeepers/technical backstopping

Completed in 1st trimesters 2012

Groups are continuously followed and guided by technical personnel and key farmers who assured services to the beneficiaries/farmers.

Achievements • Timely group meeting and discussion are performing continuously in each sites. • More than 60 % females are active in groups. • 30 Groups i.e 20 in each, total of 600 members were directly and indirectly trained by key farmers and

they are continuously doing bee keeping. • Group formation was done in reference to DADO and Women Development Office, Sarlahi. • Inclusiveness and active participation of Dalit and Janjati in all 6 VDCs. • Bee pasture managed through seasonal calendar. • 1050 litres of honey production and supply from farmers which is contract of marketing with local

cooperative • Farmers also utilize bee wax for candle production and towards income generation. • 40 extra hives were added by group efforts besides project support in the groups.


Project Title: Utilization of Degraded River basin for commercial off season

vegetable farming in Mahottari, Sarlahi and Rautahut districts Project No: PP- 718/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Mr. Surendra Mishra Address: Janaki Women Awareness Society (JWAS), Bishwakarma Chowk,

Janakpur Municipality -4, Dhanusha Telephone: 00977-041-523576, 9841318053, 9845025436 Fax: 00977-041-520736 Email: [email protected] ; [email protected] collaborating/Partners organizations:

Rajarshi Janak National Foundation For Research & Development (RAJANFORD), Kathmandu

• Central Regional Tropical Horticulture Center (Nawalpur), Sarlahi

• District Agriculture Development Office, Mahottari, Sarlahi & Rautahut

Start Date: October 2010 End Date: June 2013 Project Cost: NRs. 2,997,322. 00Location of Project: Mahottari, Sarlahi, and Rautahat Districts

Background The livelihood of millions of rural people of the river belt has been affected due to frequent irregular flood. This has led to low productivity and plenty of agriculture lands converted into bagar (sandy land). In order to alleviate poverty and ensure food security in such fragile land and repair these natural habitats and eco-system it was started to introduce high value offseason vegetables that has been grown with fewer inputs and produce more nutritive vegetables.

This project has been be implemented in six sites of Rautahut, Sarlahi and Mahottari districts of Nepal. The project is targeted to the poor, dalits, janajatis, women, marginalized and landless people which aims to increase their annual income. 390 farmers (30 groups) are benefited directly who produced vegetables in scarce season and get high price. After the farmer group’s formation, comparatively potential land was selected by technical assessment and the total selected lands were divided to different groups. 90 key farmers of 390 were developed for small technical support for whole group. The related district agriculture development office (DADO) of the concerned districts and central regional tropical horticulture centre will be the major collaborating stakeholders from beginning of the project. Technology and Information dissemination is another tool of project which dispersed and shared knowledge and skills of vegetable farming among beneficiaries by means of audio, visual, poster, pamphlet, and like wise. The training to the farmers about off-season vegetable production technology is the key activities of the river basin program.

The project’s primary method of implementation is training in the rural villages of three districts. Recruited and trained local person will conduct vegetable farming classes. The technical experts will conduct sustainable Livelihood. Mobilizations of RBF groups and community members who attribute the similar characteristics in terms of project benefit have been organized in same group like vegetable production in River bank area. Scaling up is defined in the project as spreading the better vegetable growing technology throughout the more people in more places/sites of river bank that enhancing the productivity of modern agriculture practices on the development of commercial-scale.

Project Purpose/Objectives To increase the production and productivity off season vegetables by cultivation, commercialization, processing and marketing of off season vegetable crops in flood destructed river basin areas of the targeted areas of the selected districts.


Beneficiaries - Main Target group – 390 Poor and Marginal women and men farmers within 30 groups, Marketing

Organizations especially of the project location

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) • Potential high yielding early variety area and productivity increased • 90 Number of skill and the trained human resources developed. • Six Focus Group Discussion with farmers in each six sites conducted. • Publication of Leaflet, Brochures and Broadcasting radio program and prepared video documentary • 390 farmers' annual income increased

Up-scaling Pathways The package of river basin program boosted up the poor farmers and women who were facing problems for livelihood due to barren land. So, it has made great opportunity to promote and enhancement on the growth of taking by the target beneficiaries. With comparison of production and cost on vegetable cultivation, up scaling pathway has taken more increment and better for poorer.

Targeted Outputs:

1. Cucurbitaceous varieties (Watermelon, Cucumber, KHIRI, Pumpkin, Gourd, Lady Finger, Bitter Gourd, PARWAR, Beans) for river basin cultivation in each target area cultivated.

2. Farmer trained in river basin off-season vegetable production technology 3. On farm demonstrations for river basin cultivation with farmers participation conducted 4. Information on major off season vegetable production generated and disseminated 5. Income of the farmers of the targeted area increased

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Design of Activity 1. Baseline Survey Completed in 2010 Conducted for identification of river basin off-

season vegetable growing areas and target farmers 2. River Bank Farming (RBF) group Formation and Mobilization of group

Continued in each trimesters of 2010, 2011 & 2012 (regular program)

Total 30 RBF groups (390 Farmers involved in RBF groups.) and regular follow up to the groups

3. Technical assessment of potential land

Completed in 2011 January Conducted to find out better land for off season vegetable farming in river bank. This will include the land evaluation or feasibility study of appropriate land selection. The major indicator of potential land selection will depend up on its appropriate soil PH, water holding capacity, soil texture and structure etc.

4. Divide the land For the RBF groups

Completed in 2011, January/Feb.

Appropriate land essentially divided in different plots for different suitable crops. Mainly measurement and layout techniques used as land separation for RBF groups.

5. River Bank Farming

Completed in February, 2011 and Feb-2012.

The useless land of non owners near river bank cultivated with skilled farmers. Provided high breed seeds, fertilizer, pesticides etc for 390


farmers. But before that, appropriate technical backstopping-provided. Farmer’s competition will be organized among the growers for encouraging them in River bank farming model. The best growers will be promoted as awarded.

6. Training to farmers

Completed in Feb-2011. 90 farmers were trained on off season vegetable farming, seed collection, farming, use of pesticides and organic management. The trained local farmers support for providing basic agricultural support in the community which can be called as surplus inputs for RBF.

7. Large plot demonstration for cultivation

Completed in 2011, 2nd trimester.

Three large plot demonstrations in three sites which exposed the methods on vegetable cultivation as demo. Few seeds and fertilizers used for this demo. After demo method, farmers are continuing their skills on River Bank Farming.

8. Publication Completed in 2012, April Publications of 1000 leaflets and 1000 brochures for disseminating the information about river bank farming technologies to the farmers.

9.Workshop with stakeholders

Completed in 2nd trimester, 2011

Total three workshops conducted with farmers, stakeholders, JT/JTAs/SMS in each project. The workshop mainly focused and informing the participants about project activities and concept.

10. Video documentary production

Has not started yet

11. Audio Broadcasting

Accomplished in 3rd trimester, 2011 and has not started further yet

Continue process (each year) Different News, and information as well as project progress with case study of farmers are broadcasted by local FM Radio program.

12. Rapid End line survey

Has not started yet.

13. Coordination with the local, district and national level organization

Completed in each trimesters of 2011 and 2012.

Continue process (each year) The coordination and linkages with local stakeholders and collaborating partners and key farmers has been made in district and VDC level.

14. Participatory monitoring and evaluation

Completed in 2nd trimesters in 2011 and 2012.

Continue process (each year) Monitored by staff team headed by PC, JWAS senior team and different representative of concerned line-agencies and collaborated partners and among key farmers which are effective and well monitoring process.

15. Reporting Completed of 2010, 2011 and up to 2nd trimesters-2012 and Continued process.

Inception, Trimesters, Annual, Completion reports for each year (Financial+Technical)

Major Achievements :

• Potential high yielding early variety area and productivity increased by:

1st year – Market production

Varieties : Bottle Guard, Bitter Guard, Water Melon, Pumpkin, Cucumber, Parwal, ladyfinger.


Sarlahi(2 sites) - Area : 11 hec. Average production : 75000 Kg (750 Quintal) – 75 ton

Mahottari(2 sites) - Area : 8 hec. Average production : 62,000 Kg (620 Quintal)-62 ton

Rautahat (2 sites) – Area : 6 hec. Average production : 48,000 kg (480 Quintal)-28 ton

Average production Per farmers : 5 Quintal/farmer

2nd Year- Running (under production)

• Six Focus Group Discussion with farmers in each six sites conducted.

Monthly meeting, process on registering groups to DADO

5 groups *13 members in 1 site = 65 farmers*6 sites =390 (In each site 15 leading farmers discussion-15*6=90 farmers)

• Six (15 minutes each) radio program : training news, success story, workshop

• One Video documentary production : Continuous…not compiled

• 390 farmers' annual income increased by :

Average 1 farmers sole 500 kg @Rs.25/- =12,500 in first year

• 90 Numbers of skill and the trained human resources developed. (training provided on river bank vegetable farming(15 persons in each site)

• 3 on-farm demos conducted in 3 districts which results on effective cultivation practice and production compare.

• Information dissemination to out-group household and stakeholders through newspaper, FM, effective workshop.


Project Title: Uplifting Farmers Income through Organic Oriented Tomato

Production Cultivation In Shankarpur, Rajghat, and Hajariya VDCs of Sarlahi District

Project No: PP No- 719/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Pradip Kumar Yadav Address: Kathmandu Sub-Metropolitan City-15 Telephone: 9851120243 Coordinator Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations:

District Agriculture Development Office, Sarlahi Rampur Yaba Club, Rajghat-8, Rampur, Sarlahi

Start Date: October 2010 End Date: September 2013 Project Cost:(000) 1966.5 Location of Project: Shankarpur 9, Rajghat 8 and Hajariya VDCs of Sarlahi

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Nepal has a wide range of climate and soil mainly due to topography and altitude variation. More or less 152 horticultural crops are being cultivated. Tomato is one of the most commercial fresh and edible fruit vegetable after cabbage and cauliflower. The productivity of tomato in Spain is 66.81 ton/ha, India has 17.50 ton/ha and China has 24.23 ton/ha (FAO STAT, 2004). The tomato plays an important role in the overall employment and income generation of smallholders' farm communities. It is one of the most important "protective foods" because of its nutritive value. It is most versatile vegetable with wide usage in the Nepalese culinary tradition. It is used as for soup, salad, pickles, ketchup, puree, sauces and in many other ways. The total area of tomato production In Nepal is 15,572 hectare with 219,184 mt (14 mt/ha). Sarlahi, Dhanusha, Bara, Dhading, Nuwakot, Kavre, Siraha, Dhankuta, Sunsari, Morang and Jhapa are the major tomato producing districts in Nepal. Among them, Kavre has occupied first position 1,863 hectare with 13.7mt/ha while Sarlahi has occupied second position 1,800 hectare with 13.3 mt/ha (VDD, 2010). Sarlahi district is famous for tomato production since long period. It is year round producing crop. The cost of production per hectare at farm gate is Rs. 42930 where the net return is Rs. 219766 in hill (VDD, 2010).The average productivity of tomato is very poor in Nepal as compared to other countries. The major constraints in tomato production are low yielding varieties, disease susceptible varieties, diseases (late blight, bacterial wilt, tomato leaf curl virus), insects (fruit borer), over and improper use of pesticides, poor linking with adaptive research and extension, drought stress, post harvest losses, fake inputs, limited land, labor and capital of smallholder farmers, poor soil fertility, poor harvest handling and poor marketing knowledge.

Nowadays, chemical based tomato production is increasing because of increase of business motive in the farmers that will produce unsafe products and ruin ecology and sustainable agriculture production. While public awareness towards the safe products to be consumed is increasing and demanding organic production. In the line, the National Agriculture Policy, 2061, has prioritized organic farming by the use of feasible, comparative advantageous and sustainable technologies. Its objective is to verify production technologies for organic tomato production through organically management. Therefore, the project will help the farmers to generate farm income source by adopting the organic oriented farming of tomato. Tomato is one of the most important profitable vegetable commodities to small holding farmers. Conventional farming relies on chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which has horrendous negative effects where as organic farming relies on organic inputs. Per capita consumption of the agro-chemical by farmers is low. Due to ever increasing price of the importing chemical fertilizers, persticides, their timely unavailability and the poor quality, farmers are compelled to move towards organic production.


Proper management of the local resources is demanding for better production. Thus, the objective of the project is to verify and disseminate the participatory organic oriented tomato production technologies. Organic production largely avoids use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, but organic production relying on organic manures, compost, FYM, green manure, bio-fertilizers and biological pest control a measure which contributes in human health, environment and socio-economic improvement. The project intends to minimize and try to make chemical free tomato production through integrated and organic management of the local inputs for the enlistment of farmers' socio-economic condition.


The overall purpose of the project is to improve organic oriented production and marketing system of tomato. The project aims to verify suitable high yielding and disease resistant/tolerant cultivars in field condition with participation of collaborative growers from land preparation to end marketing. This demonstration activities will conducted in the farmer's field. The project aims to verify a suitable control measures of late blight, bacterial wilt and viral diseases and its vectors and fruit borer and fruit fly insects through integrated crop management (FFS). This project also verifies and find out the suitable cultural practices to manage soil health and plant nutrient requirement, field sanitation, weed and irrigation. The other important purpose of the project is to verify and setup marketing channel, price determination for direct buying and selling of tomato routine based at the farm gate/collection centre of Shankarpur, Rajghat and Hajariya VDCs. This project follow-up directive of plant protection for Organic Accreditation Certification (OAC) which is formulated by Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative

Farmers will get reasonable price; traders and consumers will be benefited with the adequate supply of fresh and healthy product. Farmers will be trained and initiate to produce organic tomato through production technology. After project intervention; there will be 50 % increment in the farm income of the farmers' community by adopting organic production technology.

Beneficiaries Primary target and beneficiary are 75 households of Shankarpur, Rajghat and Hajariya VDCs because of their direct involvement. All relevant stakeholders such as farmers, vegetables producers group (VPG), women group, youth club, labors, traders, cooperatives members and consumers will be involved in project activities implementing such as technology transfer, marketing information collection and Farmer Field School. These stakeholders will not be only trained to adopt the organic tomato production but also effective linking rural production to supply target market as a reliable and sustainable income generating enterprise by the project intervention. It also generates employment to the poor farmers, labors and landless which contributes to reduce poverty and reduces outflow of human and capital resource.

The secondary beneficiaries are government organizations, extension workers, program planners, traders and other line agencies like agro-vets and marketers. The household of Shankarpur, Rajghat and Hajaria which comprises of 1304, 1688 and 2,402 respectively will also be the secondary beneficiearies who will see and adopt the technologies from their neighbors who will be produccing organic oriented tomato in their village. Out of these beneficiaries, small scale farmers and landless farmers will be directly benefited while the government organizations, concerned local institutions and surrounding villages will be benefited indirectly. The project will prioritize the low income groups such as poor, marginalized Dalit, Janjati, Maddhesi, and women farmers for the maximum benefit that would be able to initiate towards organic tomato farming in their area after accomplishment of the target outputs of the project.


During the different stages of the project period, project will achieve the following OVI for the outputs: 1. Baseline survey report of 260 households 2. Four suitable varieties of tomato verified and recommended. 3. One model demonstration farm established. in each VDC with respect to improved package of organic

oriented production technique of tomato 4. 75 farmers will get intensive training using FFS on organic production and marketing of tomato. 5. One farmer’s field visits organized.


6. Package of practice of organic tomato production and marketing published in the form of booklet (200), leaflet (500), and poster (200) and one video documentary by 2013. Articles on production practices of organic tomato published in two national newspapers, broadcasted from local and national FM ratio, and visual TV program.

7. A stakeholder workshop organized and output validated.

Up-scaling Pathways

The project envisages certain promotion pathways that include the demonstration of promising varietals activity, farmers’ training, farmers’ field visit to project site, adoption of some approaches; FFS, IPM etc, which have been quite effective in facilitating the understanding and dissemination of the technology to the farmers by the farmers. Participation of all local; DADO, youth club, VPG, and women group as well as other relevant stakeholders is fundamental in all implementing stages. Dissemination of production technologies has been made in large scale through group meeting, farmers’ training, workshop/seminar, local newspaper, FM radio and distribution of booklet, brochure in local languages. A cooperative is one of the key components in promotion pathways for the up scaling of the project outputs.

After the completion of the project proup formation in each VDC and registered in DADO Sarlahi will continue the work which will be assisted by the local Rampur Yuba Club for the further assistance. The DADO is the collaborator of the project who will further assist to the groups and disseminate the technologies in project area. Synopsis of Project Status Targeted Outputs: 1. Inception meeting: Inception meeting organized for the information sharing abouth the project

methodologies and expected outputs with stakeholder like DADO Horticulture Farm, NORP, DDC, Traders, Agrovets ect. 2 to 3 team member will be involved in the baseline survey of 260 household and prepared report along with the Value Chain analysis. Similarly, three farmers groups will be formed in three project VDCs which consist of 25 members in each group. The aggressive, poor, women and landless farmers will be included.

2. Appropriate organic oriented tomato production technologies verified: It has been anticipated that appropriate varieties, organic manures, crop husbandry, plant protection through bio-pesticides for organic tomato production verified and demonstrated. A model farm will be developed to the wider impact of organic oriented production. Viability of these technologies for tomato production will be measured since an economic analysis will be carried out. The Accredited Certifying Agent (ACA) needs to improve the Organic System Plan (OSP) before the farm is certified as organic. "Certification Accreditation process of organic product will be following up directives of MoAC published in 2065.Similarly, the project activities will be regularly monitored by the expert in different period of the project in order to judge the strength and weakness.

3. Organic oriented tomato production technologies disseminated.: Level of knowledge and skill of the farmers for the organic orinted tomato production will be improved. 75 farmers will be trained with the skill and knowledge on different aspects of organic tomato production; therefore, they would be able to raise the farm income through the organic production of tomato in the project area. Similarly, the project Outputs will be disseminated through one model farm demonstration, publications and media programs with the involvement of DADO, FGP and local Rampur Yuba Club.

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Inception meeting More than 40 participants were participated in the

meeting including Coordinator of NORP, Sarlahi, Horticulture Development Officer and Planning Officer of DADO, Sarlahi, Chairman, Small Farmers Agriculture Cooperatives, Shankarpur. The other concerned stakeholders were the Chairman and Secretary of our newly formed three

None


Activities Progress status Remarks groups. Similarly, representative from school, societal representatives, VDC secretary were also invited to attend the meeting.

1.2 Group formation Three groups formed namely Sirjana Commercial Farmers Group, Shankarpu, Joshila Commercial Women Farmers Group, Hajariya, and Rampur Harit Farmers Group, Rajghat.

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1.3 Model farm establishment: Three model farm one in each group formed and demonstration are being conducted in these farm.

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1.4 Baseline survey Baseline survey as household survey done in 60, 80 and 120 household of Shankarpur, Rajghat and Hajaria VDC of Sarlahi district and report has been submitted to the NARDF.

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1.5 Value Chain Value chain study of tomato has been conducted to identify different actors involved for the production and marketing of tomato in the districts as well as its end markets. The detail report of the study has been submitted seperately to NARDF.

2.1 Varietal verification of tomato Four variety of tomato namely, Namdhari, Nath, Sean, and Srijana was included in the verification. All the variety was good. However, Srinaja variety performed best among the tested varieties. The Namdhari variety performed second even the mortality of variety was higher and fruit set was delayed but variety is still on fruiting. The Nath performed third and Sean found worst among the tested varieties.

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2.2 Demonstration of different organic manures

Demonstration of organic manures was also conducted in 6 farmer’s field including three model farms. The demonstrated organic manures are Vermi-compost, Dhanazyme, Chaunang and Compost Manure (local). As per the farmers interaction Vermicompost best among others and it is also locally available in the cooperative for general sales.

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2.3 Verify the effectiveness of Trichogramma chilonis

Verification of Trichogramma for controlling fruit borer of tomato were planned to conduct in six participating farmers, two from each groups. The prevalence of bruit borer was not found therefore cultivation of Tomato continued but Trichogramma release do not required.

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2.4 Identification of suitable bio-pesticides

Demonstration of Bio-pesticides was conducted in 6 farmer’s field including three model farms. The demonstrated Bio-pesticides are bio-Muliti Neem, Tobacco Solution, Plant Herb, Tobacco Solution, and Animal Urine\. As per the farmers interaction Multi-Neem, and Use of Urine solution found best among the test.

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3.1 Farmers Field School through IPM

Farmers Field School was organized during the implementation of organic tomato production. The participants from the each three groups were participated in in the training.

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Activities Progress status Remarks 3.2 Observation and study visit Observation visit organized to the Nawalpur,

Lalbandi, Hetauda, and Pokhara to study the commercial practices and marketing situation of tomato which is famous and leading on tomato production. This visit helped to experience field skill and knowledge practically for farmers. A total of 30 members 10 equally from each three groups were participated. going

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3.3 Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring and evaluation was carried out during different stage of Tomato. The team leader as well team members were monitored the activities. The team members also includes from the NORP, Sarlahi, DADO, Sarlahi and Rampur Youth Club, Rajghat, Sarlahi.

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3.4 Stakeholder workshop Not planned till now None 3.5 Publication Inception report, trimester reports of the project has

been already submitted to the NARDF office. During the Farmers Field School, organic production technology of tomato prepared and distributed to the participants.

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3.6 Video-documentary production As this is the first year that is beginning of the project, the video clips has been taken and kept for further editing for the preparation of video documentary.

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• Baseline survey has been completed in 60, 80 and 120 household of Shankarpur, Rajghat and Hajaria VDC of Sarlahi district and report prepared and submitted to the NARDF.

• Value chain study of Tomato carried out and report submitted to the NARDF office. Cultivation of tomatoes in the Sarlahi and other parts of the countries appears to have great potential and the sub-sector is growing in terms of area expansion, value addition and market expansion. Tomato cultivation has proved to have a high potential for employment generation at local level in general and for women and rural poor in particular. Despite these encouraging trends, the market is experiencing typical constraints of a growing and immature market. The tomato subsector shows the following characteristics:

Increased price of major raw materials such as seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, fuel Severe price competition with imported fresh tomato from India Limited value addition Supply and price variation due to seasonality of the product Lack of proper information on market demand Heavy wastage during road blockades and strikes Losses due to inappropriate packaging and transportation

• Three groups have been formed and they gave started saving and credit within their own groups • The preliminary results/findings have been shown that, out of 4 tested varieties including Namdhari,

Nath and Sean of Tomato, Srijana performed best and liked by majority of the participated farmers. • Capacity and skills of 75 participatory farmers on organic oriented tomato production have been

enhanced through providing them FFS training. • Vermi-compost performed best among the other tested organic manures. However, use of cattle urine

is found better for the top dressing and supplementary use of manures and well as control of insect-pest as well.

• The insecticide made from the neem have found better to control insect in general.


Project Title: A small-scale Giriraja chicken farm development for the supply of

quality meat and eggs in Nuwakot district. Project No: 720/2009/10 Project Coordinator: Dr Shankar Pandey Address: Kaule VDC 5, Nuwakot Telephone: 9841428752 Fax: 01-5010063 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Livestock Services Office (DLSO), Nuwakot and

Educate the Children (ETC), Nepal Start Date: 24 Oct. 2010 End Date: 23 Feb. 2013 Project Cost: 1,999,997 (Nineteen Lakhs Ninety Nine Thousands Nine Hundred and

Ninety Seven only)

Location of Project: Fikuri, Kaule and Bhalche VDC of Nuwakot District

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

Samyukta Mahila Saving and Credit Cooperative Ltd of Nuwakot is very eager to raise Giriraja breed of Chicken for their income generation and livelihood promotion in close coordination with District Livestock Services Office, Nuwakot and Educate the children, Kathmandu. Moreover, this CBO has been working in area since its inception to boost up living condition of the Tamang and poor Dalit community and for the welfare of the all deprived women. It is also revealed that Tamang people are very poor and their children and women are suffering from malnutrition. Therefore, this project aims to prevent malnutrition and increase their economic level by adopting the research and development based modality.

Giriraja chicken is a dual-purpose breed kept for both eggs and meat production purpose in low input-output system of management. This bird is good and performs well under scavenging and semi scavenging system of management in village and poor community where large investment in poultry farm is not possible due to transportation and marketing network. The government’s effort to upscale the poultry sector for eggs and meat across the country decades ago has expanded large-scale poultry farm, specialized in eggs and meat contributing to improve the national economy. However, the national economy is still influenced by the small-scale poultry farming from rural community.

The dual-purpose poultry breeds New Hampshire and Black Austarlorp chickens had gained popularity among poor and smallholder farmers as compared to indigenous Sakini chickens, which raised the productive performance under similar level of management in the past year. However, in this latest context, Giriraja chicken has been showing better performance in eggs and meat production as compared to other poultry breeds in poor community of mid hill also (NARC Report, 2008).


The purpose of this project is to operate a small-scale Giriraja breeding farm in the selected VDCs of Nuwakot district to multiply the breeds in the surrounding areas to assure the income generation of marginalized and deprived community. It is also anticipated that by the end of the project period, 40 farmers will raise this poultry by establishing breeding farms in the district and nearly 80,000 Giriraja chicken eggs produced annually to address the income generation and livelihood promotion using natural and artificial hatching technology.

Beneficiaries

Tamang and Dalit of the project area as a target groups will be the primary beneficiaries of the project. However, 5% of other casts will be considered based on their economic status and willingness to rear the chicken in the farm condition. Obviously, the 40 households from these targeted community will be involved


in whole project period to run the project very effectively and participatory to gain the expected output. In addition to this, secondary beneficiaries will be the farmers affected by the spill over effect of the project. So, 80 farmers will be the secondary beneficiaries of the project. At least 50% women will be involved in the program for empowering them in economic activities and ownership feeling.


Purpose: Operate a small-scale Giriraja breeding farm in the selected VDCs of Nuwakot district to multiply the breeds in the surrounding areas to assure the income generation of marginalized and deprived community

• By the end of project, 40 small-scale breeding farms of Giriraja chicken handled by minimum 50% women will be established in the project area.

• By the end of project period, at least other 80 farmers will be adopted this technology as a spill over effect for the multiplication purpose in their farm condition in the project area.

• By the end of project, a functional market will be assured for poultry marketing and at least NRs 30,000 per farmer income increased annually.

Outputs Output-1: Capacity building of the poultry breeders through different types of training and skills.

• By the end of second year, 40 farm holders will know the brooding and management idea of Giriraja chicken farming in their own farming situation.

• By the end of project period, 40 farmers will be the resource persons in Giriraja chicken breeding and supplying.

Output-2: Giriraja chicken breeding farm established and improved technology on this poultry introduced and adopted.

• By the end of project period, 40 farmers will adopt the sustainable and farmer based Giriraja farming technology in the project area.

• By the end of project period, at least 80,000 Giriraja fertile eggs produced for breeding purpose will be hatched and reared by others farmers as a spill over effect in the project area.

Output-3: Market network establishment

• By the end of project, at least poultry based one marketing network of small farmers groups established by the project in the project area.

• By the end of project, the income of 40 farmers will be increased at least NRs 30,000 individually per year in the project area.

Output-4: Project achievement and result disseminated

• By the end of project, at least 80 farmers in the project area and adjoining VDC will be adopted Giriraja poultry as their income-generating commodity.

• By the end of project, at least 1000 educating material like posters and leaflets will be prepared and widely disseminated among farmers and professionals in the project area.

• An audio visual aid will be prepared to reflect the overall project result to the surrounding community in the project area

Up-scaling Pathways

The Giriraja breed of chicken is popular among the small holder farmers in the village communities. The Giriraja poultry farm is not virtually existed in the country except one small Giriraja poultry farm producing few hundred day-old chicks in Tarahara. The production of Giriraja chicks in Tarahara is very small as compare to its demand in the eastern Nepal. The mid-region and the western part of the country keep this chicken as pet and luxury birds due to its excessively high demand.

This project, a small scale Giriraja poultry farm can be a typical resource centre of Giriraja chicken, which might produce fertile eggs for natural hatching by indigenous Sakini broody hens in villages and produce huge amount of chicks through artificial hatching. This kind of small program will gradually increase both the


number of Giriraja chickens and farmers which will increase the eggs and meat production in the household. The fertile eggs of the farmer’s can also be hatched on hatchery of Bhaktapur to produce the Giriraja Chicken to fulfill the demand of the farmers to some extent. In addition to this, 40 resource persons will be mobilized to convince other 80 farmers for local level breed promotion and up scaling through conducting on the spot training and farm visit. They will also be coached and oriented by organizing two days workshop to give knowledge on this technology during second year of the project. Thus, 80 farmers will be primarily considered for project’s outputs promotion and up scaling through Samyukta Mahila Saving and Credit Cooperative as major implementing organization. It will also take whole responsibility for managing this activity at field level. Field visit report, monitoring report and annual report will be very helpful to assess this achievement. SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS

Targeted Outputs:

Output-1: Capacity building of the poultry raisers by giving different types of training and skills • By the end of second year, 40 farm holders will know the technical idea on Giriraja chicken farming in

their own farming situation. • By the end of project period, 40 farmers will be the resource persons in Giriraja chicken breeding and

supplying. Output-2: Improved technology on Giriraja chicken introduced and adopted.

• By the end of project period, 40 farmers will adopt the sustainable and farmer based Giriraja farming technology in the project area.

• By the end of project period, at least 80,000 Giriraja fertile eggs produced for breeding purpose will be hatched and reared by others farmers as a spill over effect in the project area.

Output-3: Market network establishment • By the end of project poultry based marketing network of small farmers groups established by the project

in the project area. • By the end of project, the income of 40 breeding farmers will be increased at least NRs 30,000 per year

individually in the project area.

Output-4: Project achievement and result disseminated • By the end of project, at least 80 farmers in the project area and adjoining VDC will be adopted Giriraja

poultry as their income-generating commodity. • By the end of project, at least 1000 educating material like posters and leaflets will be prepared and widely

disseminated among farmers and professionals in the project area. By the end of the project, an audio visual aid will be prepared to reflect the overall project result to

the surrounding community in the project area Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status Remarks Output-1

1.1 Baseline survey and Site selection Completed

1.2 Selection of farmers Completed. 20 farmers were selected in first year and 20 in second year

1.3 Training and workshop Training completed and Workshop in next year

Output-2

2.1 Housing management

Ongoing. Brooding house constructed in first year. Individual farmers' farm houses constructed in first year and ongoing for second year.


2.2 Breed supply Completed. 1020 Giriraja chicks are in brooding. After 45 days, will be distributed to individual farmers.

2.3 Feeds and ration Ongoing 2.4 Immunization and Health Ongoing

Output-3

3.1 District level marketing workshop Will be implemented in coming trimester

3.2 Market management and material support Will be implemented in coming trimester

Output-4 4.1 Preparation and submission of technical report

Ongoing

4.2 Preparation of disseminating materials Will be implemented in coming trimester

4.3 Audio-Visual Aids Ongoing

4.4 District level phase over workshop Will be implemented in coming trimester

4.5 Final project compilation, report presentation and submission

Will be implemented at the end of the project


• First year activities are finished. 20 farmers received training, raised Giriraja chicken and nowadays earning about Rs.5200.00 per months by selling eggs.

• Peripheral farmers are motivated towards Giriraja farming. They ordered fertilized eggs and raised chicks from local hens.

• Meat and egg eating habit of local farmers has been increased.


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k[i7e"ldM wg'iff lhNnf g]kfnsf] ufO{ e}+;L kfngsf] If]qdf k/k"j{sfnb]lv g} cuf8L /x]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . lhNnfsf ;Dk"0f{ uflj;x? dWo] sgsk§L / dfgl;+xk§L uf=lj=;=sf blnt, hghflt tyf cGo u/Lj s[ifsx?sf] nflu ufO{ e}+;Lx?df afFemf]kg Pp6f k|d'v ;d:ofsf] ?kdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . tL b'j} uflj;x? hnfb / hd'lg gbLsf] af9Laf6 k|efljt s[ifsx?sf] s[lif pTkfbg x|f; eO{ cfo >f]t lbgfg'lbg v:sL /x]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] bf];|f] kz'ljsf; cfof]hgfn] ljt/0f u/]sf] pGgt gZnsf /fFuf] / ;fF9]sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ pQm uflj;x?df () k|ltzt Pure Murrah hftsf e}+;Lx? /x]sf] kfOG5 eg] ufO{ nueu &) k|ltzt xl/ofgf tyf afFsL #) k|ltztdf h;L{ qm; / H.F. qm; ufO{x? kfOG5g\ . afFemf]kgsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ oL uflj;sf s[ifsx?n] z'4 Murrah hftsf e};Lx?nfO{ df;'sf] nflu a]Rg] u/]sf] s'/f ToxfFsf s[ifsx?af6 yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 . h;sf] sf/0fn] High yielder e}+;Lx?sf] ;+Vofdf lbgfg'lbg sdL x'g uO{ s[ifsx?sf] cfo cfh{gdf sdL x'g'sf] ;fy} pgLx?n] s'kf]if0fsf] ;d:of ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ . afFemf] ufO{x?sf] ;Gbe{df lghx?n] ef/tLo Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ ljqmL ug]{ u/]sf] s'/f ToxfFsf :yflgo ufO{ kfns s[ifsx?af6 yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 . ;du|df ljZn]if0f ubf{ afFemf]kg u/Lj s[ifsx?sf] nflu clezfksf] ?kdf /x]sf] x'gfn] To;nfO{ Go"lgs/0f u/L b'Uw pTkfbgdf j[l4 u/L ToxfFsf ls;fgx?sf] cfocfh{gdf 6]jf k'Ug] b]lvG5 .

Purpose/Objectives != o; cfof]hgfsf] k|d'v p2]Zo wg'iff lhNnfsf] b'O{j6f uflj; sgsk§L / dfgl;+xk§Lsf s/Lj () k|ltzt ufO{ e}+;Lsf]

afFemf]kg Go"lgs/0f u/L slDtdf !@&% Viable Calves sf] yk pTkfbg ug'{ /x]sf] 5 . @= b'wfn' kz'x?sf] ;+Vofdf j[l4 u/fO{ k|ltlbg b'Uw pTkfbg !) k|ltzt yk b'wsf] j[l4 ug'{ . #= s/Lj @) ljufxf hdLgdf pGgt hftsf e"FO{ 3fF; tyf $))) ?v / 8fn] 3fF;sf] lj?jf nufO{ sfo{qmdsf] ljsf;

ul/g' . $= b'O6} uflj;sf $)) kz'kfns s[ifsx?sf] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ afFemf]kg Go"lgs/0f ;DjGwL hgr]tgf clej[l4 x'g]5 .

Beneficiaries o; kl/of]hgfaf6 k|ToIf ?kdf wg'iff lhNnfsf] dfgl;+xk§L / sgsk§L uf=lj=;=sf s/Lj $)) 3/ kl/jf/ nefGjLt x'g]5g\ eGg] ck|ToIf ?kdf s/Lj #%)) hgf s[ifs Jofkf/L, pkef]Qmf / Jofj;foLx? nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ . != s/Lj !^) blnt 3/ kl/jf/ !)) d'l:nd 3/ kl/jf/ !$) cGo dw];L u/Lj 3/ kl/jf/ @= lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no wg'iffsf k|fljlwsx?n] o; k|of]hgfdf ;+nUg eO{ pgLx? sfo{bIftf, sfo{s'zntf,

cg'ejsf] k|of]u x'g]5 . #= kl/jf/df x'g] cfDbflgaf6 afnaflnsfx?sf] lzIff / :jf:Yodf ;xof]u k'¥ofOg]5 . Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs)

s_ sDtLdf $)) blnt, hghftL, d':nLd tyf cGo ul/j dw];L hg;d'bfosf 3/ kl/jf/df ePsf] afFem ufO{ e}+;Lsf] tYof+s ;+sng u/L To;sf] sf/0fx?sf] cfwf/df Pipe line of Treatment sf] Joj:yfkg .


v_ sDtLdf !@&% Viable Calves x?sf] pTkfbg cfof]hgfsf cGt{;DjGw x'g] .

u_ k|ltlbg b'w pTkfbgdf yk **@( ln= ;du|df b'O6} uflj;sf] x'g] .

3_ kz' cfxf/sf] ;/n cfk"lt{sf] sDtLdf @) ljufxfdf eO{ 3fF; / $)) j6f 8fn] 3fF;sf] lj?jfsf] ljsf; ePsf] .

ª_ s[ifsx?sf] ufO{ e}+;Lsf] afFemf]kg Go"lgs/0f ug]{ ;DjGwdf 1fg xf;Ln eO{ cfof]hgfsf] sfo{qmd ;lqmo ;xeflutfdf j[l4 x'g] .

r_ k|ToIf / ck|ToIf ?kdf @$)) hgfnfO{ afFemf]kg Go"gLs/0f ;DjGwL hgr]tgfsf] ljsf; x'g] .

5_ k|lt lbg yk b'wsf] ljqmLaf6 #%#!^) ?k}ofFsf] yk cfDbfgL x'g]5 .

h_ k/of]hgfsf] ;Dk"0f{ lqmofsnfk ;d]6]/ clGtd Pp6f >Jo b[Zo ;fdu|L tyf @)) yfg k'l:tsf k|sfzg ug]{ .

em_ kl/of]hgf sfof{Gjog cjwL e/ k|To]s rf}dfl;s 3/ b}nf]df uO{ kl/If0f ug]{ .

`_ :yfgLo ;d"x tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?af6 lg/Gt/ tyf 6f]nLaf6 jif{sf] ! k6s cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f x'g] .

6_ kl/of]hgfsf] / clGtd u/L hDdf $ k6s % k|ltsf b/n] k|ult tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .

Up-Scaling Pathways of] cfof]hgf ls;fgsf ufO{a:t'x?df bL3{ ?kdf b]lvPsf] afFemf]kgsf] ;d:ofnfO{ lgjf/0f ug{ tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . b'O{ j6} uf=lj=;= df kz' cfxf/sf] nflu 3fF; j[l4 sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 tyf afFemf]kg lgjf/0fsf nflu lzlj/ ;~rfng / pkrf/sf] Joj:yf u/fOg]5 . ufO{ e}+;L afFemf]kg Go"lgs/0f kl/of]hgfsf] ;DjGwdf b'O{6} uf=lj=;= dfgl;+xk§L / sgsk§Lsf s[ifs ;d"xnfO{ k6s k6s j}7s u/]/ 3/ 3/df uO{ afFemf]kg ;DjGwL r]tgf hufO{ ;:tf] d"Nodf ljqmL ug]{ afFemf] ufO{ e}+;Lsf] Onfh u/fP/ a9L sdfpg ;Sg] / cfo cfh{g ;d]t o; sfo{qmdsf] dfWodn] a9\g] s'/fx?n] ls;fgx? k|efljt eO{ cuf8L a9]sf] x'gfn] sfo{qmd Hofb} g} k|efjsf/L ePsf] b]lvG5 .


Targeted Ouptuts != hgr]tgf clej[l4 ug]{ .

@= b"w pTkfbg cfo j[l4 Pj+ ul/ljGo"lgs/0fdf of]ubfg k'Ug] .

#= 3fF; afnL jf6 jftfj/0f ;'wf/ x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

Project Status Reports

Activities Progress status Remarks != afFemf]kg ;DjGwL hgr]tgf

uf]i7L– ! k6s cu'jf s[ifs Pj+ ;a} nfOg Ph]G;L x?;+u uf]i7L k|yd rf}dfl;s df ;DkGg ul/Psf] .

%! hgf

@= afFemf]kg ;DjGwL tfnLd– ^ k6s

k|yd aif{sf] k|yd / bf];|f] aif{sf] k|yd rf}dfl;sdf tflnd ;DkGg ul/Psf] / t];|f] aif{sf] k|yd rf}dfl;s df tflnd u/fpg] .

hDdf #@* hgf ;xeflu ePsf]

#= lzlj/ ;+rfng sfo{qmd– ( k6s

k|yd aif{sf] bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;s u/L rf/k6s lzlj/ ;DkGg ePsf] / bf];|f] aif{sf] bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;sdf / t];|f] aif{sf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s df % k6s lzlj/ ug]{ .

#() e}+;L / !)) ufO{ ;xeflu ePsf] .

$= krf{ kDKn]l6Ë– ^ k6s k|yd aif{sf] k|yd / bf];|f] rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg ePsf]. bf];|f] aif{sf] bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;sdf / t];|f] aif{sf] bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;sdf ug]{ .

@ j6} uf=lj=;=df krf{ kDKn]l6Ë u/]sf] .

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!%) hgfnfO{ e'O{ 3fF; / 8fn] 3fF; ljt/g ul/Psf] .


bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;s / t];|f] aif{sf] k|yd , bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;sdf ug]{ .

^= ue{ kl/If0f– ^ k6s k|yd aif{sf] bf];|f] , t];|f] rf}dfl;s / bf];|f] aif{sf] k|yd rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg eO{;s]sf] / bf];|f] aif{sf] t];|f] rf}dfl;s / t];|f] aif{sf] k|yd / t];|f] rf}dfl;sdf ug]{ .

##) j6f e};L, ^% j6f ufO{

&= cl8of], lelhof]n 8s'd]G6 l;lj/ ;+rfng a]nfdf

k|To]s rf}dfl;s cg';f/ tof/ eO/x]sf] .

*= s[ltd uef{wfg ug]{ k6s k6s k|yd aif{sf] k|yd ,bf];|f] t];|f] rf}dfl;s / bf];|f] aif{sf] k|yd rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg eO;s]sf] . bf];|f] aif{sf] bf];|f] t];|f] rf}dfl;s / t];|f] aif{sf] k|yd bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;df ug]{ .

#% j6f e}+;Ldf / !% j6f ufO{ sf] s[ltd uef{wfg ul/of] .

(= cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ – $ k6s .

k|= rf}= df Ps k6s

Achievements/ Findings (In case of Research Projects) != ls;fgx?afFemf]kg ;DjGwL hfu?s,

@= s[ifsx? o; sfo{qmd k|lt cfslif{t,

#= lh=k=;]=sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lsf] ;xof]udf s[lifx?df sfo{bIftf cg'ejsf] k|of]uaf6 s[ifsx?nfO{ k|ToIf kmfObf .

$= tflnd ;+rfngaf6 r]tgfdf clej[l4 .

%= lzlj/ ;+rfngaf6 pkrf/ u/fO{ ls;fgx? kmfObf dxz'; u/]sf] .

^= 8fn] 3fF; / e'O{ 3fF;sf] ljp nufP/ vfnL hUuf ;b'kof]u ug{ kfPsf] .


Project Title: Commercial Seed Production and Entrepreneurship Development Project No: 801/2010/11 Project Coordinator: Mr Satya Narayan Sah Address: Sonai Seed Store and Supplier, Rajbiraj - 1, Saptari. Telephone: 9842822041, 031-521641 Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Agriculture Development Office,Saptari, NARC, Tarhara and

Commercial Agriculture Alliance, Saptari . Start Date: August 2011 End Date: July 2013 Project Cost: NRs. 29,43,349.00 Location of Project: Kalyanpur, Maleth, Sambhunath, Joginiya, Ko. Madhepura, and

Bathnaha VDCs of Saptary district.

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

The project “Uplifting Farmers Income through improved vegetable and pulse Seed Production in Kalyanpur, Maleth, Sambhunath, Joginiya, Ko. Madhepura, and Bathnaha VDCs of Saptary District” has approved an agreement has also been signed on August 24, 2011. The project will be implemented in the six VDC of Saptary district. The project will conduct inception meeting, group formation, baseline survey and observation and study visit, monitoring and evaluation, stakeholders workshop, publication and video documentary production and distribution. All the activities will be based on improved vegetable and pulse production technologies


The overall objective of the project is to transfer commercial seed production technology to the farmers of locally feasible crops. The project aims to produce quality improved seed, maintain supply, develop entrepreneurship and increase income . This demonstration activities will be conducted in the farmer's field with the help of experts.

The other important objectives of the project is to supply quality seeds to the farmers by doing grading, processing and packaging, to reduce the poverty level by increasing income level of that communities.

Beneficiaries

Primary target and beneficiary are 125 households of Kalyanpur, Maleth, Sambhunath, Joginiya, Ko. Madhepura, and Bathnaha VDCs of Saptary district because of their direct involvement. All relevant stakeholders - vegetables and pulse seed producers group will be involved in project activities implementing such as technology transfer, marketing information collection. These stakeholders will not be only trained to adopt the improved seed production but also effective linking rural production to sustainable income generating enterprise by the project intervention. It also generates employment to the poor farmers, labors and landless which contributes to reduce poverty and reduces outflow of human and capital resource.

The secondary beneficiaries are government organizations, extension workers, program planners, traders and other line agencies like agro-vets and marketers. The household of Kalyanpur, Maleth, Sambhunath, Joginiya, Ko. Madhepura, and Bathnaha VDCs of Saptary district which comprises of 600 will also be the secondary beneficiearies who will see and adopt the technologies from their neighbors who will be producing improved seed in their village. Out of these beneficiaries, small scale farmers and landless farmers will be directly benefited while the government organizations, concerned local institutions and surrounding villages will be benefited indirectly. The project will prioritize the low income groups such as poor, marginalized Dalit, Janjati, Maddhesi, and women farmers for the maximum benefit that would be able to initiate towards seed production farming in their area after accomplishment of the target outputs of the project.



NARRATIVE SUMMARY OBJECTIVELY VERIFIABLE INDICATORS Goal: Support in poverty reducing by Increasing farmers’ present income by 15%.

Support in poverty reducing by increment in farm income of direct beneficiaries.

Purpose: Local production of quality seed and it’s supply and entrepreneurship development.

Seed production technology transfered in 125 farmers and entrepreneurship development, production of 36.5 mt C1 vegetable and pulse quality seed,

Outputs: 1. Projects program, seed production and

selling, achievements of implementation informed to major stakeholders.

2. Improved seed production technologies transferred.

3. Improved seed produced.

4. Supply quality local improved seed and

it’s selling.

Project implementation provides objectives and methodology of the project in first quarter and merit and demerit, ways of improvement, and achievements in last quarter to the relevant stakeholders. Seed production technologies transferred to 125 farmers till shrawan 2070. Production of 38.6 mt C1 seed in 44 ha till shrawan 2070. Selling of 35 mt C1 seed of project in local market as well as in other districts.

Up-scaling Pathways

• establishment of revolving funds and its effective use. • improvement in KSA through trainings. • regular supply of foundation seeds, F1 seeds brought from NARC, Tarahara. • joint monitoring of DADO, Saptary and Seed Laboratory, Jhumka for quality maintenace. • providing 20% additional premium price for sustainable production. • Providing 10% benefit’s share for revolving fund promotion. • supply of produced seeds to agrivets, farmers’ groups of CAA districts. • continuity of group promotion of seed production and marketing. • distribution of pumplets through Agri. Service Centers. • regular flow of information through local Newspaper and F M.


Targeted Outputs:

S N Crops Area (ha) Production (mt) 1 Masuro 23 46 2 Mung 4 6 3 Okra 5 12 4 Radish 3 6 5 Tomato 2 1 6 Pumpkin 3 2 7 Bottle guard 2 2 8 Cucumber 2 1

Total 44 76



Activities Progress status Remarks 1. Projects program, seed

production and selling, achievements of implementation informed to major stakeholders.

1.1. Baseline Survey • developed a questionnaire based on seed production

• data collected from 6 members from each seed grower groups including group’s chairperson

• collected data analyzed and report made.

1st Quarter

1.2. Project Orientation Workshop

• a orientation workshop conducted, chaired by Propritor of Sonai Seed Store and Suplier

• Other participants were : Mr Shri Narayan Sharma, RAD Mr Prem Pd Bhattarai, LDO, DDC Mr Anup Lal Sah, SADO, DADO Mr Manoj Kr Yadav, SADO, DADO Mr Badri Dahal, SPO, RAD Mr Bhim Pd Guragai, Acc O, RAD Mr Raj Narayan Dev, BM,CAA Farmers 135 ( female 40%) and Reporters

1st Quarter

1.3. Achievement Evaluation Survey

1.4. Making Hording board • 6 Hording board were made • Placed at each group in respective VDCs

1st Quarter

2. Improved seed production technologies transferred.

2.1. Group Formation • Selected 6 seed production location • Formed 6 seed production groups • Total members = 125 • Female participation = 50%

1st Quarter

2.2. Training on seed production technology

• 5 seed production training conducted • Participants from all 6 groups participated • Total participants = 125 • Female participants = 35% • Training duration = 3 days each

1st and 2nd Quarters

2.3. Making Audio Video • Documentary was made of different stages of standing crops of different location

• Covered technical dialogue inbetween technician and growers

2nd Quarter

3. Improved seed produced. 3.1 Contract between Sonai

Seed Supplier and Seed producing groups

• Contract were made inbetween chairperson and proprietor to ensure the promotion of selling and buying of quality seed produced

2nd Quarter

3.2 Supply management of • Quantity and variety of seed of different 1st, 2nd and 3rd


source seed and production inputs

crops : Masuro = 460 kg, Sindur and Simal Okra = 85 kg, Arka arnamica Radish = 15 kg, 40 days Tomato = 2 kg, Pusa rubi Pumpkin = 3 kg, Sarlahi golo Lauka = 3 kg, Local Cucumber = 2 kg, Local Mung = 30 kg, Pratiksha

• Fertilizers : DAP = 1.5 mt Uria = 1 mt Potash = 1.5 mt

• Plant protection measure : Liquid = 10 lt chemical Dust = 100 kg Feremen traps = 200 ps

Quarters

3.3. Monitoring and Evaluation • Regular monitoring were made by external and internal technicians : RAD, Shri Narayan Sharma RSL, Dilip Bachchhar DADO, Anup Lal Sah NARC, Dev Kant Chaudhary And internal officers and assistant

1st , 2nd and 3rd Quarters

4. Supply quality local improved seed and it’s selling.

4.1. Seed collection, Laboratory testing, Processing, Packaging and Labelling

4.2. Establishment of Revolving Fund

4.3. Publication and documentary • Posters, Pamphlets were made for extension of information

• Extension and disseminations of information through local radio Bhurukwa FM

2nd Quarters

4.4. Procuring Packing inputs • Procured of plastic pouches, jute boras 2nd Quarters 4.5. Selling of seed 4.6. Reporting • Reports were made :

Inception report 1st quarter report 2nd quarter report Completion report

1st and 2nd Quarters

4.7. Project Completion Workshop


Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) Area in ha

Crops / VDCs

Kalyanpur Bathanaha Maleth Sambhunath Joginiya - 2 Ko. Madhepura

Total

Masuro 5.0(8) Seed

produced

7.0(12) Seed

produced

12.0(20) Seed produced

Mung 2.0(6) Standing seed

crop

2.0(6) Standing seed

crop Okra 2.5(12)

Standing seed crop


crop Radish 2.0(10) Seed

produced 2.0(10)

Seed produced Tomato 1.5(10)

Seed produced


Pumpkin 2.0(15) Seed

produced


Bottle guard

1.5(15) Seed

produced


Cucumber 1.5(12) Seed

produced


Total 2.0(10) Seed produced


crop

10.0(50) Seed

produced

1.5(10) Seed

produced

2.5(12) Standing seed crop

7.0(12) Seed

produced

25.0(100) Standing seed crop (4.5) and Seed produced

(20.5) Note : Figures in parenthesis indicates farmers involved


Project Title: Promotion of foxtail millet and Jumli Simi (Bean) to increase

farm income and improve living standard of small and marginal farmers in Jumla.

Project No: 802/2010/2011 Project Coordinator: Ram Bahadur Bhujel Address: Agriculture Research Station, Vijayanagar, Jumla Telephone: 087-520023 Fax: 087-520023 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Agriculture Development Office, Jumla

Bheri Environmental Excellence (BEE) Group, Jumla Village Development Committee, Chhumchaur, Jumla Model Village Development Committee, Lamra, Jumla

Start Date: 2068.5.13 (30th August 2011)

End Date: 2071.5.12 (29th August 2014)

Project Cost: 29, 99,630.40 (Twenty nine lakh ninety nine thousand six hundred thirty and paisa forty only.)

Location of Project: Chhumchaur and Lamra Model VDCs, Jumla

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

Nepal is an agricultural country and agriculture has been making notable contribution to the economy. Despite decline in contribution of agriculture to GDP, its share is still more than one third (MoF, 2011). Food crops comprised 44.94 per cent as a share to the production of major agro products. Jumla is one of the ever food deficit district of the country. Reasons are that due to temperate climate productivity of cereals are low, farmers have low land holding, uplands are dominant, lack of access to improved technologies and income generation activities in the district, less effort to cultivate high value market-led crops like bean, and food habit has been changed from consumption of native crop to rice. Bean being a valuable indigenous crop, no much attention has been given to increase its area and production in the district. Similarly, foxtail millet is also an indigenous crop and is cultivated locally without any improved practices and no program to promote its cultivation has been found in the district. Bean can be consumed to obtain better nutrition to improve human health, also fetch good price due to its nutritional value as its price varies from Rs. 90.00 to 150.00/kg in and out of the district. Bean and foxtail millet, both crops are mostly grown in uplands and poor and marginal farmers have mostly upland holdings. This project aims to bring these poor and downtrodden farmers into income generation activities like bean cultivation and support to reduce poverty through increasing production of foxtail millet in the district.

Indigenous bean has low productivity and improved genotypes are gradually spreading in the district and Agriculture Research Station (ARS), Vijayanagar, Jumla is the main source of improved seeds. It has also identified some elite genotypes and this project will save time for further identification and verification and thus elite genotypes will be introduced directly to the farmers. The demand of bean is increasing in and out of the district and growers are fetching good prices, but it is grown in few areas without any improved practices. This project aims to promote cultivation of bean through introducing elite genotypes and improved cultivation practices. This crop will have positive effects on succeeding crop in the same field due to nitrogen fixation in soil and can grow well even under drought condition and a little push can result to increase farm income through fetching good prices. The cultivation of foxtail millet will be encouraged through demonstration with improved cultivation practices.

The existing area of bean in Jumla has been reported as 467 ha and this project will cover 23.4 ha of bean through its activities. 270 households will be directly benefitted and 162 farmers will be trained for bean and foxtail millet cultivation with improved practices and also trained for seed production. Six groups of farmers


will be provided with seed bins of 700 kg storage capacity. Farmers will be organized in group. Members will be provided orientation training, refresher training and training on value addition and seed production of the bean. Up-scaling will be done through seed kit distribution and seeds will be produced for sale in last year of the project for its sustainability and continuity. Groups will be linked with market agencies both officially and unofficially, thus sustaining them right from farmers/growers to traders to consumers too. Project Purpose/Objectives

The main purpose of the project is the promotion of underutilized foxtail millet and bean to increase farm income and uplift the livelihoods particularly that of small and marginal farmers in Jumla. The food habit of Jumli people has been in the course of diversion from the consumption of their indigenous food crops like maize, millet, buckwheat, pearl-millet, fox-tail millet, potato, barley etc. towards rice consumption which is least produced here due to poor access to improved cultivation practices. This has brought another risk of extinction of indigenous crops which are traditionally well acclimatized and can contribute substantially to food security if promoted and highlighted. In this connection, bean can generate income and foxtail millet can reduce rice demand if consumption is increased through increased production.

Thus the objective of this project is to promote the cultivation of bean and foxtail millet and also find out some elite genotypes of bean from selection procedure in local environment through participatory approach with support from ARS, Vijayanagar, Jumla. This has also aimed to test soil status of project sites before and after bean cultivation and study cultivation status of foxtail millet and bean at project sites.

The promotion of these crops will focus on highlighting importance, create awareness through training program, carry out demonstration program, produce seed and scaling up of the crop. Women farmers, Dalit, Janjati (In Chhumchaur VDC), small and marginal farmers are to be brought into main stream of program implementation through group approach in project sites VDCs. This crop will be covered mostly in upland areas which will be well utilized and production will be increased through following improved practices. Bean will have positive effects on succeeding crops due to nitrogen fixation in soil. Upland areas are mostly left either fallow or grow crops without any care of cultivation. This project also aims to bring change in cultivation attitude of the farmers for indigenous crops like bean and foxtail millet. Cultivation of foxtail millet has been aimed to promote through demonstration in farmers’ field. Beneficiaries

In Jumla, out of 8183.6 ha area of 14875 holdings with land, 7216.5 ha is dry and about 41 per cent holdings belong to 0.2 ha-0.5 ha (CBS 2004).The bean and foxtail millet are mostly grown in upland condition and most of the poor, small, marginal and downtrodden farmers have more uplands than low lands/paddy field and most of them fall under above holdings categories. Therefore, the immediate and ultimate beneficiaries are poor, small and marginal farmers. However, after the commercialization of the crops, large farmers and trade men will also benefit from these crops particularly from bean.

Jumla is well known for apple fruits and after apple bean has been assumed to be next crop to provide popularity to the district which will ultimately shift into commercial crops after its promotion and value addition. The direct beneficiaries will be 270 households while the beneficiaries from demonstration effect will certainly be multiplied two or three times. Dalit, Janjati, women, poor, small, marginal and other depressed groups of the society will be major beneficiary at the beginning while after the end or termination of the project all categories of farmers and local residents will be well benefited. Among 270 beneficiaries, at least 108 will be women farmers. Again, among 270 beneficiaries assumption is made to be 27 Dalit, 45 Janjati and remaining 198 will be from other caste/communities/ethnic groups.

The project will not have any negative impact rather than bringing farmers into main stream of increasing production of their native crops. Bean being a leguminous crop can support to improve soil health which is eco-friendly too.


Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) Numbers of households participating in the program, the increment in area and production of foxtail millet and bean, number of elite genotypes identified during project activities are the objectively verifiable indicators for the outputs. In this case 270 households are direct beneficiary to increase area and production of foxtail millet and bean; and ultimately the farm income. At present farmers grow bean in very limited area and marginal lands in particular after cleaning the bushes near the forest. Somewhere they grow in rice/wheat field too, who are well convinced to its income. But after project intervention, farmers are expected to increase area and production and ultimately also income particularly from bean which has been expected 15 and plus per cent. These all will happen on the basis that at least two elite genotypes of bean will certainly be found most suitable in Jumla condition after participatory verification from the support of existing and previous experimental result of ARS, Jumla and acclimatized which will increase area, production, productivity and ultimately the household income of targeted groups of the farmers. Up-scaling Pathways

As some elite genotypes of bean have been identified at ARS, Vijayanagar, Jumla, the promotion will take place right from the beginning of the project after carrying out verification trials and demonstration in farmers’ field. Farmers will be encouraged to participate in demonstration program and demonstration effect will help to upscale more. Similarly, improved cultivation practices of foxtail millet introduced through demonstration will encourage farmers to increase area for better production in the future.

Similarly, more number of farmers will be involved in seed kit distribution. The seeds of elite genotypes will be distributed to more farmers for further verification and scaling up too. Farmers will be encouraged to cultivate bean through highlighting its importance in all trainings to be organized during project period. The package and practices of bean and foxtail millet will be published and distributed to several beneficiaries. Message on value addition of bean will be provided in training through lecture, publication/notes and also through FM radio.

A separate training for value addition and seed production has been proposed in the project which will substantially contribute to scaling up of these crops in Jumla through project neighboring VDCs. Seed production and cultivation will be continued by farmers' groups even after termination of the project.

Collaborative partners like BEE-Group (A local NGO), District Agriculture Development Office (DADO) and respective VDCs will have target to upscale the crops even after the termination of the project. Local VDCs have started to allocate a little amount for agriculture development and this amount can upscale these crops in future. Similarly, ARS, Vijayanagar, Jumla has been carrying out different research and up scaling activities of bean at its outreach research sites which has demonstration effect to neighboring VDCs and farmers. It will go on as continued activities.


As some elite genotypes of bean have been identified at ARS, Vijayanagar, Jumla, the promotion will take place right from the beginning of the project after carrying out verification trials and demonstration in farmers’ field. Farmers will be encouraged to participate in demonstration program and demonstration effect will help to upscale more. Similarly, improved cultivation practices of foxtail millet introduced through demonstration will encourage farmers to increase area for better production in the future.

Similarly, more number of farmers will be involved in seed kit distribution. The seeds of elite genotypes will be distributed to more farmers for further verification and scaling up too. Farmers will be encouraged to cultivate bean through highlighting its importance in all trainings to be organized during project period. The package and practices of bean and foxtail millet will be published and distributed to several beneficiaries. Message on value addition of bean will be provided in training through lecture, publication/notes and also through FM radio.


A separate training for value addition and seed production has been proposed in the project which will substantially contribute to scaling up of these crops in Jumla through project neighboring VDCs. Seed production and cultivation will be continued by farmers' groups even after termination of the project.

Collaborative partners like BEE-Group (A local NGO), District Agriculture Development Office (DADO) and respective VDCs will have target to upscale the crops even after the termination of the project. Local VDCs have started to allocate a little amount for agriculture development and this amount can upscale these crops in future. Similarly, ARS, Vijayanagar, Jumla has been carrying out different research and up scaling activities of bean at its outreach research sites which has demonstration effect to neighboring VDCs and farmers. It will go on as continued activities. Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Site selection Completed 1.2 Base line survey Completed 90 households in two VDCs 1.3 Group formation Completed 18 groups formed in two VDCs 2.1 Review of research report of foxtail millet and bean at ARS, Jumla

Completed Six genotypes of beans PB-0001,PB-0002, PB-0048, KBL-1, KBL-2 and KBL-3 were decided to include in experiment and seed production will be based on their performance

2.6 Publication of progress/survey reports

Completed Progress report is published & survey report is yet to be data fed and analysed.


Since no experiments have been conducted, therefore no research output has come. It will be in next year reports. Farmers seemed enthusiastic in bean cultivation and seed production.


Project Title: Promotion of small scale rural dairy farmers through participatory

verification and scaling-up of the technologies in the catchment areas of private dairy industries.

Project No. PP-803/2010/11 Project Coordinator Ram Prasad Ghimire Address Chhap, Bandipur 1, Tanahu Telephone +977 620162 Fax Email [email protected]; [email protected] Collaboration/Partners District Livestock Services Office, Danauli, Tanahu Duration of Project 2 years Project Cost NRs 989000.00 Location of Project Jamune and Purkot of Tanahu District

PROJECT SUMMARY Background: Tanahun district is one of the agrarian districts of Western Development Region of Nepal. It is adjoined with Chitwan in south and east, and Kaski in north. The district is rich in natural resources, and livestock is the mainstay of the farming system of the district. As other livestock, dairy farming is also a popular enterprise in the district. This district has 1185 heads of improved cattle; out of which 588 are milking cows and rest of them are dried cows, calves, heifer, bulls and oxen. Similarly, among the 91735 heads of local cattle, only 11992 are milking cows and rest of them are dried cows, calves, heifer, bulls and oxen. Similarly, the district has 10789 heads of crossbred buffaloes and 92231 heads of buffaloes are of local breeds. Among them, 4573 and 26631 heads are of crossbreds and local breeds are in milking state, respectively (DLSO-Annual Report, 2009). It shows that good numbers of dairy animals are producing milk in the district. But, the productivity of those animals seems to be quite low. Crossbred and local buffaloes had 1481 and 970 liters of average milk production per lactation, respectively. Similarly, the improved and local cows had 1625 and 563 liters of average milk production per lactation, respectively (DLSO-Annual Report, 2009). There are several causes of low productivity of those dairy animals. Among the most prevalent causes, one is very low plane of nutrition, which becomes more severe in winter season (Upreti et al., 2010; observed on visual observation by the team of proponent organization on different seasons of the year 2065/66). The district has huge potential of dairy enterprises because of suitable climate, physical requisites, surplus natural resources, and market accessibility and so on. A total of 1123 organized farmers, involved in 18 milk producers' co-operatives, are producing milk in the district (DLSO-Annual Report, 2009). Several milk collection and chilling centers, agro-vet shops are established/opened in the district. The situation indicates the enormous potentialities for dairy enterprises in the proposed areas. Furthermore, those established organizational set up has been has added the opportunities of development and growing of dairy farming in the proposed areas. In the meantime, promotion of those rural dairy farmers by shortening the feed/nutrient deficit situation is the felt need of the areas. It will improve the production and productivity of their animals substantially and will make the enterprises more sustainable. Marketing of the milk won't be the limitation in the areas. The district is the common catchment areas of two large milk processing industries. Safal Dairy of Sujal Foods Pvt. Ltd., Kaski and Chitwan Milk Pvt. Ltd., Chitwan are larger two private sector milk processing industries and proposed project sites are the common catchment areas of the both. Both the industries are suffering from severe milk deficit situation (RLSD- Annual Report, 2010).


Now, the production of additional milk to run these private dairy industries is the most prioritized challenge for the livestock scientists, extension workers and other development workers to retain these private sector investments; and also to attract other new comers in this sector. Otherwise, there is the high risk of drainage of these private sectors from livestock and agricultural enterprises. The issue was very strongly raised, discussed and accepted by the participants of the Regional Agricultural Technical Working Group Meeting held in Regional Livestock Training Center in 12 August, 2010. Purpose: The purpose of the project is to increase the milk production and productivity of the catchment areas of two private dairy industries, which will increases the household income of the dairy entrepreneurs and mitigate the milk deficit situation of the private milk processing industries. Increased milk production will shorten the milk deficit of the newly opened private milk processing industries. This will assists to retain the investment of private sectors on dairy industries. On the other hand, income from the dairy enterprises increases with the increased milk production. It will have direct impact on livelihood of the dairy farmers in the areas. Beneficiaries: The first hand beneficiary of the project will be the dairy farmers of Purkot and Jamune VDCs of Tanahun district which are the catchment areas of the private dairy industries of Pokhara and Chitwan. Directly 240 farm families will be benefited by the project in the project duration. Initially 40 farmers from two milk producing co-operatives will be benefitted by getting technical know-how, the materials support during the verification process. At the second part of the project, remaining 200 farmers from 10 milk producing co-operatives and 50 extension agents and other related stakeholders will be benefitted by training and other technology dissemination activities. All the involved farmers will get technologies which will increase milk production from their animals and it leads to additional household incomes. The private dairy industries from Chitwan to Pokhara are suffering from milk deficit situations, which becomes more severe in lean seasons, will be benefitted by getting additional milk. The volume of additional milk will be 10000 liters in the project duration and expected to be bigger in future from the rigorous dissemination of the verified technologies. The farmers of the neighboring co-operatives and villages will be benefited by sharing the experiences of involved farmers, and from the seeing by believing approach. The next immediate beneficiaries are the extension workers, project staffs, CBOs, NGOs, INGOs staffs and other visitor farmers. The proposed works gives the insight of using new technologies for the better utilization of resources to increase the milk production. OBJECTIVELY VERIFIABLE INDICATORS: Indicators of output 1

1.1 The improved dairy technologies verified by two functional groups by April 2013 in Tanahun districts.

1.2 Four improved dairy technologies verified by April 2013 in Tanahun district. Indicators of output 2

2.1 The technologies adopted by 40 farmers of two dairy co-operatives by April 2013.


2.2 The knowledge and skills of the 200 farmers of 10 dairy co-operatives through training improved by June 2013.

2.3 The knowledge and skills of 50 extension workers upgraded by sharing the verified technologies and experiences through a workshop and the publications by September 2013.

2.4 Four technologies disseminated to 240 farmers and 50 other related stakeholders by September 2013 . SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT STATUS Targeted Outputs:

Output 1. Package of practices of the dairy technologies verified in the farmers' field Output 2. Technologies adopted in the farmers' field

Activities Proposed

Activities Activity status Remarks 1.1 Baseline data collection Completed in December

2011

1.2 Selection of farmers and group formation Completed in January 2012

1.3 Project inception meetings with farmers and other stakeholders Completed in February 2012

1.4 Verification of Urea Molasses Mineral Block (UMMB) technology for the lean season

Yet to be done

Sub-activity 1.4.1. Assembling of the materials Yet to be done Sub-activity 1.4.2. Training to the farmers Yet to be done Sub-activity 1.4.3. Manufacture and Feeding of the UMMB to their dairy animals

Yet to be done

1.5 Verification of silviculture technologies under the orchard and/or tree fodders

Yet to be done

Sub-activity 1.5.1 Assembling of the research/ verification materials Yet to be done Sub-activity 1.5.2. Training to the farmers Yet to be done Sub-activity 1.5.3. Field works and experimental trial Yet to be done Sub-activity 1.5.4. Participatory forage evaluation Yet to be done 1.6 Verification of additional row maize production technology Continue

1.7 Verification of plastic-bag silage production technology Yet to be done Sub-activity 1.7.1 Training to farmers making plastic bag silage Yet to be done Sub-activity 1.7.2 Production of plastic bag silage Yet to be done 1.8 Technical guidance and monitoring Yet to be done 1.9 Data collection, analysis and screening of the technologies Yet to be done 2.1 Selection of other groups of farmers Yet to be done 2.2 In situ trainings to the other groups of the farmers Yet to be done 2.3 Publications Yet to be done 2.4 Audio-visual documentary production Yet to be done 2.5 Workshop Yet to be done 2.6 Reporting Yet to be done


Achievements

The project is started from November 2011. The first part of the project tests some dairy animal nutrition related technologies those were developed by Nepal Agricultural Research Council and Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan. In this regards, baseline information of the two groups of the farmers were collected, processed and analysed. A structured questionnaire was used for the collection of the data. The information on socioeconomics, all agricultural enterprises, livestock enterprises were collected. Similarly, the detailed information on cattle and buffalo rearing status and their numbers, information on breeding, feeding, management, shed management, disease, fodder pasture management, marketing of animals and milk and economics related were collected. The baseline information of 20 farmers from Jamune and 20 farmers from Purkot were collected analysed. The survey report of the baseline information collection was submitted to NARDF secreteriate.

All together 40 farmers were selected from two dairy co-operatives of Tanahun district. Twenty dairy farmers at the dairy co-operative of Jamune were selected and twenty dairy farmers were selected another dairy co-operative at Purkot. The group formation was done in collaboration with District Livestock Service Office, the collaborator of the project, and the entire process was facilitated by the Chairpersons of the respective Dairy Co-operatives.

An inception meeting was organized by the project in each site. This activity was accomplished with the objectives of informing the project purpose and objectives, activities and implementing methodologies, targeted domain, expected outputs and outcomes and financial aspects of the project. In both of the meetings, Selected farmers of the both of the groups, project staffs, DLSO staffs, the representatives of the NGOs and CBOs working in the areas, local social workers, representative of District Development Committee and other personnel. A paper was presented by the project co-ordinator in both of the meetings with the groups. After the presentations, detailed discussions were made on the different aspects of the project, more focussing on the implementing the procedures. The farmers were become very much enthusiastic and happy with the nature and designed activities of the project. Some very minor suggestions on implementation of the project were raised by the participants of the meetings. But, those suggestions were not remarkably modify the project implementing procedures.


Project Title: Improving food security situation of Bajhang district through

increasing production of maize and wheat. Project No: 804/2010/11 Project Coordinator: Hari Kumar Prasai Address: Nepal Agricultural Research Station

Agriculture Research Station, Bhagetada, Dipayal, Doti Telephone: 094-440162 Fax: 094-440162 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: (1) District Agriculture Development Office, Chainpur, Bajhang

(2) Saipal Youth Club, Rithapata-6, Bajhang (3) SAPPRUS, Chainpur, Bajhang

Start Date: September, 2011 End Date: August, 2014 Project Cost: 2996335.0 Location of Project: Rithapata and Deulekh VDCs of Bajhang district

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

The total food production of far western mountain district is 37789 Mt whereas the total requirement is 87522 Mt. The deficit quantity of food is 49733 Mt. Three mountain (Bajhang, Bajura and Darchula) and four hill (Baitadi, Dadeldhura, Doti and Achham) districts are the command districts of agriculture research station, Doti. The area under maize and wheat cultivation in far western mountain districts is 10540 ha and 17015 ha respectively. The productivity of wheat in far western mountain districts is far below (815 kg/ha) than the national average productivity (1934 kg/ha). Similarly, the present productivity of maize (1792 kg/ha) of far western mountain district has to increase by 23% to meet the national average productivity (2205 kg/ha) of maize (ABPSD, 2009/10). The present food production FWDR mountain districts have to increase by 57% to meet their total requirement (ABPSD, 2009/10). Poor people of this region used to spend as much as 50-70% of their income on purchasing food and frequently lack access to other income generating resources. The status of poverty in FWDR is 41% whereas this situation may go up to 80% in some parts of mountain districts (MOAC/WFP, 2009). Poverty in Nepal is rampant and its incidence is high especially in FWDR. Present production of food crops has to increase by 53% to meet the total food requirement of Bajhang district. Out of the total cultivated area of wheat and maize in mountain district, the area under improved seed of wheat and maize is 7.60% and 10.45% respectively (ABPSD, 2009/10). Good quality seed is responsible for more than 15% increase in production (Sah et al, 2007). Unavailability of improved seed is one of the major production constraints for low production and productivity of maize in Nepal (Gurung et al, 2007).

The APP for 20 years has the vision that poverty alleviation depends on agriculture. The experiences of other developing countries also show that positive impact on agricultural development squarely falls on poverty alleviation. It is through better use of new technologies that the product and productivity will be increased to bring positive change in rural economy. Hence the main objective of this project is to improve food security situation of project targeted VDCs of Bajhang district by increasing production of wheat and maize.


The main purpose of this project is to improve existing food security situation of project targeted VDCs of Bajhang district by introducing improved production technologies of maize and wheat. Large plot demonstration, community based seed production program with logistic support & training activities encourage to farmers to adopt high yielding technologies of maize and wheat. Joint monitoring visit, interaction meeting and stakeholders’ workshop assist in disseminating high yielding production technologies of maize and wheat. Distribution of booklets and leaflets also supports in this regards. So, all these activities support to replace the use of local seed by 15% with improved seed of maize and wheat in project intervened VDCs. Similarly, the


production of maize and wheat will increase by 20% in project intervened VDCs by August, 2014. Total 10 Mt C-1 seed of wheat and 10 Mt C-1 seed of maize become available to farmers from CBSP group (estimated quantity of seed represents only the quantity of seed available to sell as seed, it does not represent total production of wheat and maize) which would be sufficient to run further seed multiplication program in 83 and 500 hectare of wheat and maize respectively

Beneficiaries

• Total ten groups of farmers from different ethnicity and gender are the target group of this project. Total 250 households from two VDCs (Rithapata and Deulek) of Bajhang district are the direct beneficiaries of this project. These households will be involved during implementation of different activities of the project. Out of the total 250 households, 125 female and 18 Dalit farmers will be directly benefitted from this project. Total 188 households having the food sufficiency status of less than six month will be directly benefitted from this program. Total 20 stakeholders from different line agencies and media personnel will also get benefit from the project by having the opportunities of participating in workshop, interaction meeting and monitoring visit. These stakeholders will have an opportunity of evaluating the performance of the promising technologies in farmers' field and multiplication of these technologies in their working areas as well.

• Neighboring farmers, local traders and marketing agencies are the indirect beneficiaries of this project by having the opportunities of getting information about promising technologies and seed

• Researchers, extension and development workers, and academicians will also be benefited from the project output.


This project has targeted to implement different activities by involving 250 households. This project has aimed to train 250 farmers about improved seed production technologies of maize and wheat. Amongst 250 farmers, 10 farmers will be developed as leader farmers and they will assist in mobilizing farmers’ group. This project has committed to establish seed business of wheat and maize in two groups of farmers. Total 10 Mt C-1 seed of maize and same amount of wheat seed will be available to the farmers of the project targeted and neighboring VDCs of the districts for further seed multiplication program. Fifteen hundred booklets and leaflets covering all aspects of improved production technologies will be published and distributed. Farmers themselves will have the opportunity of selecting the variety of their interest from the varieties included in demonstration. All these activities will support to replace local seed area coverage by improved seed by 15% in project intervened VDCs of the district. Similarly, the production will be increased by 20% in the project intervened VDCs through the introduction of improved technologies with technical knowledge and teaching materials. Due to increase in seed replacement rate and production of maize and wheat, the food security situation of the project targeted VDCs will be improved.

Up-scaling Pathways

This project has the mandatory provision of inclusion by 50% female and 7% Dalit farmers in different activities of the program. Once these socially disadvantaged groups of farmers become familiar with improved technologies of crop production with technical knowledge, they will continue to adopt the project output even after its termination and multiplication of the technology in farmers’ community level takes place at faster rate.

This project has the provision of training to farmers and leader farmers about improved production technologies of maize and wheat. Total 250 farmers will get training on seed production technologies of wheat and maize. Out of the total 250 farmers, 10 leader farmers will get training on improved production technologies of wheat and maize. These leader farmers will assist in mobilizing farmers’ group. Trained farmers & leader farmers will help to scale up promising technologies. Total 1500 teaching and extension materials (500 booklets and 1000 leaflets) will also be published and distributed to field level technicians and farmers group. These will work as the reference materials for continuation of the improved production technologies.


Foundation seed of wheat and maize will be provided to community based seed production groups. Ten CBSP groups produce 10 Mt seed of wheat and 10 Mt seed of maize. Good quality seed produces at least 15% higher yield than poor quality seed. Provision of revolving fund with logistic support for CBSP group facilitates to establish seed business. Workshop and interaction visit of seed traders and agro-vets in demonstration and seed production field supports to establish seed entrepreneurship. All these activities support to scale up the promising technologies of maize and wheat. Out of the total proposed cost of the project, about 50% cost has been proposed for establishing promotional pathway to continue the project output even after termination of the project. ARS, Doti is being conducting CBSP in its command districts since last year. DADOs of far western have also such type of program. NGOs of far western hills and mountains are also being involving in seed business under small grant fund. Availability of quality seed of farmers preferred variety support to replicate the improved technologies in other areas too.

Synopsis of Project Status

This project is being implementing in Rithapata and Deulekh VDCs of Bajhang district and this is the first year of the project implementation. Total 250 households are being involving in implementing different activities of the project through farmers’ group approach. All activities are being carried out as per scheduled plan. Farmers and stakeholders have selected BL 3503 genotype as their preferred variety of wheat. Total 11 Mt seed of Annapurna 1 & 4 and WK 1204 would be available for next year’s planting. One day farmers’ training to 10 groups, that is, one day training to one group is completed. Total 227 farmers of ten groups got training on improved wheat seed production technologies. Similarly, nine farmers were developed as leader farmers by providing five days training. The Senior Crop Development Officer of Regional Seed Testing Laboratory (RSTL), representative from District Agriculture Development Office (DADO), Bajhang and Agriculture Research Station (ARS), Doti participated in field monitoring and training activities. In addition to RSTL, DADO and ARS officials, representatives from NGO, youth club and agro-vets participated in joint monitoring and interaction visit activities.

Targeted Outputs:

Following outputs have been expected to achieve:

1. Promising genotype of wheat and maize adopted and disseminated 2. Community based seed production program established 3. Minimized food supply and demand gap in project intervened VDCs 4. Seed marketing system channelized

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks Project site selection/beneficiaries group formation

Ten groups of farmers from 250 households have been formed from Deulekh and Rithapata VDC of Bajhang district. Total 103 male and 147 female farmers have been included in group formation.

Household survey Household survey of 90 households has been completed. Total 55.55% households were found capable to feed their family members for less than six month. In case of land holding size, 77.77% households were found with less than 10 ropani.

Large plot demonstration Three genotypes of wheat namely NL 1064, BL 3235 and BL 3503 were planted in 21 farmers’ field. Total area covered by large plot demonstration was 3.1 ha. The crop is harvested.

Joint monitoring visit Chief of RSTL, Sundarpur, representatives of DADO, Bajhang, collaborating NGOs, agrovets and farmers evaluate the performance of wheat in demonstration


plot. Joint monitoring team preferred BL 3503 genotype of wheat.

Community based seed production Annapurna-1, Annapurna-4 and WK 1204 was planted in 10 hectare. The crop is harvested. The senior crop development officer of RSTL, Sundarpur inspected the seed crop in farmers’ field.

Training to farmers One day training to each group of farmers was organized. Total 227 farmers from 10 groups participated in the training of 10 days and 66% (150) participants were female farmers. The resource persons were from RSTL, Sundarpur, DADO, Bajhang and ARS, Doti.

Training to leader farmers Five days training to leader farmers which were selected from 10 groups was organized at Deulekh of Bjhang district. Total nine farmers were developed as a leader farmer.

Stakeholders workshop Publication of teaching and extension materials

Interaction visit to traders, agrovets and extensionists

Senior crop development officer of RSTL, Sundarpur, representative from DADO, Bajhang, agrovets, collaborating NGOs and farmers visited seed production field of wheat and they have committed to support to farmers’ group in selling the seed of wheat.

Seed marketing Impact study Video making The photo and video snaps are being taking in each

activity of the project.

Report writing Project inception, technical and financial trimester progress reports have been prepared and submitted to NARDF as per schedule plan.

Achievements

Because of its early maturity, attractive panicle size and bold grains, farmers and stakeholders (representatives of DADO, NGOs, and agro-vets) preferred BL 3503 genotype of wheat.

Farmers have saved five metric ton foundation seed of Annapurna 1 and 4 and six metric ton certified-1 seed of WK 1204 for next year’s planting.

Total 227 farmers from 10 groups were trained on improved seed production technologies of wheat. Out of them, 66% participants were female farmers.

Nine farmers from 10 groups were developed as leader farmers by providing five days training on pre and post harvest technologies of seed production and seed marketing techniques.

Interaction visit of seed production block supported to farmers’ group in getting market of wheat seed.


Project Title Improvement on Orchard Management and Postharvest

Technology to Increase the Income of Mandarin Orange Growers of Kusadevi VDC, Kavre

Project No. 805/2010/11 Project Co-ordinator Mr. Hari Prasad Subedi Address Everest Consultancy , Kupandol, Lalitpur

9841366129, 015526502 014233656 [email protected], [email protected]

Telephone Fax e-mail Collaborator[s]/Partners (if any) 1. District Agriculture Development Office, Kavre,

2. Department of Food Technology and Quality Control (DFTQC), Government of Nepal,

3. Hatemalo Krisak Samuha, Kusadevi-3, Kavre, 4. Partner Nepal, ( NGO), Kathmandu

Duration of Project 22 months , From Sept., 2011 to June 2013

Project Cost NRs. 199800.05 Location of the Project Kusadevi VDC-3 of Kavre District

Background

Kavre is one of the high Mandarin Orange producer districts of the country with total production 7669 MT in 614 ha area. Kusadevi VDC-3, one of the high producer wards of Kavre, alone produces 250 MT annually. Even though it is located nearby largest market, Kathmandu, the farmers who are involved in this sector are not generating optimum income because of lack of knowledge and facility for managing the citrus orchard, harvesting, preservation, transformation of the cull (small sized) fruits, and even appropriate marketing strategies and the linkages. The main objective of the proposed program is to increase the income of the mandarin orange growers of Kusadevi-3 by 10% with collective action of production increment, post harvest loss reduction and transfer of low grade fruits into value added products, Jam and Squash. The main activities include formulating the cooperative at the proposed area, providing technical assistance by means of onsite training program for post harvest operation and orchard management, excursion or visit to already managed orchard, establishment of facilities including cellar houses and Squash / Jam processing unit, providing equipments or materials required for diseases control, harvesting etc. The outputs of the activities will be increase in the production of mandarin orange by 5%, reduction of the post harvest losses to 10%, increase in the price of the product to 15% by transferring the low grade fruits into value added products, Jam and Squash. A marketing channel will be made to make the value added product access to the market. The proposed program will contribute the national campaign of poverty reduction by increasing the income level of the farmers to some extent; thus this program obviously addresses the area that the NARDF has targeted.


The main purpose of the project is poverty reduction through increased income by increasing production, reducing the Mandarin Orange loss and converting the inferior low grade mandarin orange to value added products like Jam and squash. The survey will help to collect the detail information including the condition of the Mandarin Orange Orchard and awareness level of farmers, existing post harvest practices, the likely constraints and the expectation of the farmers. The establishment of a cooperative comprising 242 farmers from each household will make mutual cooperation among farmers and make them able to use the common equipments provided for Orchard management, harvesting, storage or preservation, processing and also final step marketing. A series of training and distribution of equipments pertaining to pre and post harvest operations will increase the production; reduce the losses which collectively increase total production by 15%.


The purpose of transforming low grade produce into more valuable products shall be achieved by providing training as well as facility (processing unit) to convert low grade fruits into more valuable products- Jam and Squash. This strategy will increase the price by 15% than the cull fruits. These activities may urge them to upscale to industries in the future. An establishment of marketing channel will help value added product access the market. The project hugely encompasses marginalized people and women as beneficiaries to uplift their living standard.

Finally, because the program will help reduce the poverty of farmers of the project area and the program will be a supportive action to the poverty reduction campaign of country.

Beneficiaries

Though the project is focused to the farmers of 242 households of Kusadvi VDC-3, Thapagaun, the actual beneficiaries will be more than this number, as the transferred technology will be further disseminated among other farmers of the same and other VDCs.

Another group of the primary beneficiary will be the trader groups involving in Mandarin Orange Business. The cellar house will be accessible to preserve fruits until they reach the product to the market. They are made aware and encouraged to harvest the product in right time; ultimately the problem of loss of productivity and quality due to delay harvesting will be alleviated to significant extent.

In terms of marginalized groups, the beneficiaries comprise of 50% women, 30% Janajati, and 10% Dalit. So, it will help to uplift the status of women and marginalized group as well. The secondary beneficiaries could be the farmers of other Wards of Kusadevi VDC and its neighboring VDCS. The information dissemination program covers also the growers of other wards and VDCs. Besides this, the farmers of other wards/VDCs will have opportunity to observe and copy a model system in their own. The consumers could also be secondary beneficiaries as they will have chance to get the citrus fruits in reasonable price even in the off season.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) of till date

- Survey of total 125 farmers of Kusadevi VDC-3 and 25 stakeholders (contractors and traders) by Oct, 2011.

- Establishment of one cooperative in Kusadevi VDC-3, Thapagaun, by Nov, 2011. - Training on post harvest technology to 50 farmers' representative from 242 farmers by Dec, 2011. - Providing post harvest related equipments by Jan, 2012. - Field Visit for 50 farmers conducted by 27 may , 2012

Up-scaling Pathways

The project is totally based on demand and aspirations of the intended beneficiaries since it was developed after intensive interaction. The project is mainly focused to increase the production, reduce the post harvest loss and transfer the low grade fruits into value added products. The increment of income will encourage the farmers for continual use of the improved technologies and extension of the capacity and facilities. The project will make the cooperative of 242 farmers well equipped, so the farmers of that area will use it for their optimum benefit. In the future the cooperative could turn that small processing plant into large scale and construct more cellar houses after realizing the benefits. After the completion of the project the cooperative could take minimal charge from those farmers or the traders who use the equipments, cellar houses, processing units for the sustenance and maintenance of these facilities. A marketing chain comprising farmers and contractors /traders will be established for the market access of the products. To assure the quality of the product DFTQC and DADO will be the collaborators. The program will also include designing of label and brand name. After the completion of the project the organization will interact with DADO, Unnat Mahila Smuha and Partner Nepal (NGO) to evaluate the achievement and replicate the program in other parts also. Establishment of fruit processing unit and making the farmers capable in processing will help farmers to develop entrepreneurship. The improved marketing technologies will be another part to encourage them to promote their business.



Targeted Outputs: The output of the programs conducted till now is:

Output. 1. Improved Post Harvest Technology

Project Status Reports: Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Survey of total 125 farmers of Kusadevi

VDC-3 and 25 stakeholders (contractors and traders) by Oct, 2011.

1.2 Establishment of one cooperative in Kusadevi VDC-3, Thapagaun, by Nov, 2011.

1.3 Training on post harvest technology to 50 farmers' representative from 242 farmers by Dec, 2011.

1.4 Field Visit for 50 farmers conducted by Dec, 2011.

1.5 Providing post harvest related equipments by Jan, 2012.

1.6 A total of 50 farmers from representative from 242 shall be trained pertaining to jam and Squash processing by Feb, 2012.

1.7 Providing Jam / Squash Processing unit by March, 2012.

1.8 Establishment of two cellar house of capacity 5 Ton each by Aug, 2012.

Completed by Oct., 2011 Completed by Nov., 2011 Completed by Dec, 2011 Completed by 27,May, 2012 Yet to complete Yet to begin Yet to begin Yet to begin

The Jam and squash Industry gave the permission later than the stipulated time, and another reason that delayed the program was political unrest i.e. Nepal band, and protests; so the program was delayed to 27th may, 2012.

2.1 Training to 50 representative farmers pertaining to on-farm Orchard Management by Apr, 2012.

2.2 Field visit to 50 farmers at Bagbani Kendra by Apr, 2012.

2.3 Providing orchard management related equipments to cooperative by Apr, 2012.

2.4 Monitoring and supervision of orchard from Apr, 2012 to Dec, 2012.

Yet to begin

3.1 Dissemination of improved pre & post harvest technology through booklets / leaflets by Oct, 2012.

3.2 Strengthening the marketing system by interaction of farmers & traders by Nov, 2012.

3.3 Monitoring and supervision of Processing and quality of Jam / Squash by DFTQC by Feb, 2013.

3.4 Workshop on project progress

Yet to begin


evaluation by March, 2013. 3.5 Preparation of documentary covering

major activities from start to the end of the project by May 2013.

3.6 Report writing (inception, trimester, annual and final) and submission of final report & documentary by June, 2013.

1.9 Survey of total 125 farmers of Kusadevi VDC-3 and 25 stakeholders (contractors and traders) by Oct, 2011.

1.10 Establishment of one cooperative in Kusadevi VDC-3, Thapagaun, by Nov, 2011.

1.11 Training on post harvest technology to 50 farmers' representative from 242 farmers by Dec, 2011.

1.12 Field Visit for 50 farmers conducted by Dec, 2011.

1.13 Providing post harvest related equipments by Jan, 2012.

1.14 A total of 50 farmers from representative from 242 shall be trained pertaining to jam and Squash processing by Feb, 2012.

1.15 Providing Jam / Squash Processing unit by March, 2012.

1.16 Establishment of two cellar house of capacity 5 Ton each by Aug, 2012.

Yet to begin

Achievements:

A total 125 farmers of Kusadevi VDC-3 and 25 stakeholders (contractors and traders) were surveyed to find out awareness and facility level on orchard management and post harvest technology. The survey finding became the main tool to design the training and provide equipment and facilities to the farmers.

A cooperative, Unnat Mahila Krishi Sahakari Sanstha, comprising 38 members, was established to conduct all the activities in cooperative concept. The training was given to the 50 farmers, representative from 242 households, by Dec, 2011 pertaining to the post harvest handling and some related equipments were also distributed in the same time. A total of 40 farmers were provided one day visit to Jam and Squash Industry .This visit certainly helped to know about the opportunities in using the cull fruits in making value added products.


Project title -cfof]hgfsf] zLif{s_

Commercial seed production & entrepreneurship development

Project No: -cfof]hgf g+= _

806/2010/11

Project Coordinator: -cfof]hgf ;+of]hs_

Suryanath Yogi

Address: Birendranagar-3, Surkhet Telephone 083521226/9848031194 Email Address [email protected]/[email protected] Collaborating organization -cfof]hgfdf ;xefuL ;+:yf_

District Agriculture office, Dailekh/ ARC, Dailekh

Start Date 2068-06-01 End Date 071-05-31 Project Cost -:jLs[t ah]6_

20,62,565 NARDF - RS 19,98,565.00 NGO - Rs 64,000.00

Location of project Goganpani, Bharaha, Dadaprajul, Dailekh

Background

cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]q b}n]v lhNnfsf] blIf0f e]udf /x]sf] uf]ugkfgL, 8fF8fk/fh'n / a/fx uf=lj=;= ;'v]{t / b}n]v ;b/d'sfdaf6 sl/a @)–^) ls=ld=sf] b'/L leq kb{5g\ . oL cfof]hgfsf If]qx?df a;f]af; ug]{ s[ifsx? vfBfGg cefj, a]/f]huf/L, Go"g cfo ePsf blnt, hghflt, lakGg ju{sf a:tLx?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L cfof]hgf nfu" ul/Psf] 5 . pQm 7fpFx?df ;8s ;'ljwf / ;'v]{t, g]kfnu+h h:tf ahf/x? glhs x'g'sf] ;fy} Pu|f]e]6 tyf aLp Joj;foLx?af6 aLp vl/b laqmL 7"nf] dfqfdf ub}{ cfPtf klg o; If]qsf s[ifsx?n] o;sf] k|ltkmn lng ;ls/x]sf 5}gg . s[ifsx?sf] aLpsf] dfu a9\b} uPsf] ljleGg ;/sf/L / u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfox?sf] aLp pTkfbgdf k|fyldstf /fv]sf]n] u'0f:t/Lo aLpsf] dfu ePsf]n] lhNnfnfO{ aLpdf cfTdlge{/ agfpg / s]xL aLp lhNnf aflx/ lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf klg /x]sf] sf/0f s[ifsx?sf] cfo cfh{g j[l4 ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvPsf]n] o; cfof]hgf nfu" ul/Psf] xf] .

Project purpose/objectives - ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df afnL tyf hftsf] 5gf}6 u/L Joj;flos aLp pTkfbg ug]{ . - k|ljlw af/] 1fg, ;Lk lbg] . - bIftf xfl;n u/fO{ Joj;flos aLp pTkfbg ug]{ . - cfo cfh{g j[l4 ug]{ . - lhNnf aLpsf] cfk"lt{ u/fO{ s]xL aLp cfoft k|lt:yfkg u/L lgof{t k|j4{g ug]{ .

Beneficiaries - krxQ/ 3/w'/Lsf s[ifsx?nfO{ aLp pTkfbg k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] - 5 . - lqrfln; x]= If]qkmn hUufdf ljleGg afnL nufO{ !)) d]= 6g aLp pTkfbg ul/Psf] 5 . - >f]t aLp cfk"lt{ ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 . - s[ifs ;d"xdf k|fljlws ;]jf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . - aLp pTkfbgaf/] k|rf/k|;f/ Pkm=Pd= / :yfgLo klqsf tyf s[ifssf] dfWodaf6 ul/Psf] 5 . - u'0f:t/Lo aLp pTkfbg ul/Psf] 5 . - ahf/ ;'lglZrttf .

Objectively verifiable indicators lovis

- &% hgfsf] tLgj6f aLp pTkfbs s[ifs ;d"x u7g u/L #$ x]= Area af6 *) d]= 6g aLp pTkfbg ug]{ . - cfof]hgf cjlwsf] cGTodf $# x]= Area lj:tf/ eO{ !)) d]= 6g aLp pTkfbg x'g] .


- cfof]hgfsf] z'? jif{sf] pTkfbgaf6 k|lt kl/jf/ jflif{s ?= $%,))).– cfDbfgL eO{ cfof]hgfsf] clGtd jif{ ;Dddf ?= %$,))).– k'Ug]5 .

- cGTo ;Dddf aLp pTkfbg k|ljlwaf/] k"0f{ hfgsf/L x'g] . - &% hgf s[ifsx?n] Joj;flos ?kdf aLp pTkfbg ug]{ . - sfo{If]qsf tLgj6} uf=lj=;=x?df Ps–Ps j6f u/L tLgj6f aLp pTkfbg s[ifs ;d"x u7g x'g] .

UP-Scaling Pathways : cfof]hgfsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ lbuf] ?k lbg lgDgfg';f/ cg';/0f / lj:tf/ k4ltx? tyf sfo{ gLlt cjnDjg ul/g] 5 .

DADO ;Fu ;dGjo u/L DADO sf] sfo{ ljlw cg';f/ aLp pTkfbs s[ifs ;d"xx? btf{ u/fO{ ;+:yfut ?k lbg] / aLp pTkfbg sfo{qmd / ;d"x lgoldt ;+rfng 3Psf 5g\ .

s[ifs ;d"x k|To]s dlxgfsf] lglZrt lbg / ;dodf dfl;s a}7s a;fNg] sfo[qmd ePsf] 5 . lxtsf]if ;+sng -dfl;s !)–@%_ tflndaf6 kfPsf] ;}4flGts tyf Jojxfl/s 1fg, ;Lkaf6 pTkfbg sfo{qmdn] lg/Gt/tf kfPsf] 5 . >f]t aLp cfk"lt{sf nflu ljleGg kmd{x?;Fu ;Dks{ :yflkt u/L >f]t aLp cfk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|;Fu ;dGjo u/L k|fljlws ;]jf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

Project Status Reports :

Targeted Outputs :

Joj;flos jLp pTkfbg sfo{s|d jLp pTkfbg ;d"xx? u7g u/L ;d"xsf ;b:ox? JolQmut ?kdf / ;fd'lxs ?kdf Joj;flos jLp pTkfbf sfo{s|d ;+rfng ug]{5g\ . o;af6 pBdlzntf ljsf; eO{ ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g]5 . ck]lIft k|ltkmnx? lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ . != j:t'ut af/] hfgsf/L cfof]hgfsf] sfo{s|djf/] ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu ;DjGw :yflkt eO{ hfgsf/L x'g] . @= 1fg, ;Lk,clea[l4 x'g] . Joj;flos jLp pTkfbg sfo{s|djf6 jLp pTkfbg k|ljlw, ahf/ Joj:yfkg cflb jf/] 1fg,

;Lk clea[l4 x'g] . #= jLp pTkfbgsf] If]qkmn lj:tf/ x'g] . cfof]hgf cjlwsf] clGtd aif{df $# x]= If]qkmndf Joj;flos jLp pTkfbg If]q lj:tf/ x'g]5 . $= u'0f:t/Lo jLp pTkfbg Joj;foLs jLp pTkfbs s[ifsx?jf6 cfof]hgf cjlwsf] clGtd aif{df sl/j !)) d]= 6g

jLp pTkfbg x'g]5 . %= cfo cfh{g a[l4 x'g] cfof]hgfsf] cjlwsf] clGtd aif{df k|lt kl/jf/ s"n ?=%$))÷— cfDbfgL x'g]5 . ^= ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g] / jLpsf] sf/f]jf/ lgoldt x'g] . cBdlzntfsf] ljsf;jf6 ;+:yfut ljsf; eO{ ljp Joj;fosf] sf/f]jf/ lgoldt x'g]5 .

S.N Activities Progress Status Remark 1.1 cfwf/e"t tYof+s ;+sng qmfo{{qmd nfu' ePsf] ltg j6} uf=lj=;= x? 8f+8fk/fh'n,

uf]ugkfgL tyf a/fx df ;DkGg ul/;lsPsf] gf8]{km df l/kf]{6 a'emfO{;lsPsf]

1.2 cfof]hgfsf] hfgsf/L tyf kl/rofTds uf]i7L

;DkGg eP;s]sf]

1.3 ;d"x u7g -# j6f_ k|Toos uf= j=;= df ! J6f u/L # j6f ljp pTkfbg ;d"x u7g ul/Psf]

2.1 jLp pTkfbs k|ljlw ljifos s[ifs tflnd

klxnf] rf}dfl;sdf ! J6f / bf];|f] rf}dfl;sdf @ j6f ;DkGg ePsf] h;jf6 s[ifsx?df t/sf/L jLp pTkfbg ug{ ;Ifd P+j cfs/lif{t ePsf

s]/fp, d"nf,/ l;ldsf] jLp u/L ( So"6n jLp pTkfbg ug{ ;kmn

2.2 >Jo b[io pTkfbg klxnf] / bf];|] rf]dfl;sf] ultljw x/nfO{ pTkfbg ug[] sfd ePsf]


3.1 >f]t jLp tyf pTkfbg ;fd|fuL Joj:yfkg tyf ljt/0f

ltg j6f uf=lj=;= sf # u6} ;d"xdf s]/fp, l;dL, d"nf, cfn' / ds}sf] d"n ljp ljt/0f ul/Psf]

3.2 jLp ptkfbg qmfo{qmdsf] k|ljlw÷jLp lg/LIfsjf6 ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udg

kTos jfNLdf k6s k6s lg/LIf0f ul/Psf] / ;'emfjx? S[ifsx?nfO lbO{Psf]

3.3 cf}hf/ pks/0f ljt/0f :k]//, xhf/L / bf+t] x? ltg j6} uf=lj=;= sf ltg j6} ;d"xdf ljt/0f ul/Psf]

4.1 xf]l8u jf]8{ k|bzg t;\f] rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg ul/g] 4.2 cfof]hg pknJwL d"Nof+sg

cWoog e|d0f bf];|f] rf}dfl;sdf ltj} uf=lj=;= sf ltg j6} ;d"xsf @% hgf s[ifsx?nfO{ cfof]hgf :yndf e|d0f u/fOPsf] h;jf6 s[ifsx? Ljp pTkfbg sfo{qmd tkm{ emg cfs{lif[t ePsf

5.1 jLp gd"gf ;+sng tyf k|of]uzfnfdf kl/If0f

t];\f] rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg ul/g]

5.2 jLp Koflsu ;fdu|L vl/b tyf ljt/0f

t];\f] rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg ul/g]

5.3 k|ltj]bg tof/L klxnf] rfdfl;s / bf];|f] rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg ul/Psf] gf8]{km df l/kf]{6 a'emfO{;lsPsf]

Achievements :

aLp pTkfbg ;d"x u7g u/L JolQmut / ;fd'lxs ?kdf Joj;flos aLp pTkfbg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf] 5 . pBdlzntf ljsf; eO{ ;+:yfut ljsf; ePsf] 5 .

j:t'l:ylt af/] hfgsf/L lnPsf] . 1fg, ;Lk clej[l4 ePsf] . aLp pTkfbgsf] If]qkmn lj:tf/ ePsf] . u'0f:t/Lo aLp pTkfbg ul/Psf] . cfocfh{gdf a[l4 . ;+:yfut ljsf; / jLpsf] sf/f]af/ ePsf] .


Project Title: Enhancement of carp fish production for livelihood improvement

and income generation of fisher communities at Dumariya, Jatahara & Rampurkhap villages in Rautahat District

Project No: 807/2010/11 Project Coordinator: Narayan Giri Address: u|fld0f blnt tyf s[lif ;]jf s]Gb| , h6x/f, /f}tx6 Telephone: Mobile: 9849124427 Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: District Agriculture Development Office, Rautahat Start Date: 2068/6/1 End Date: 206/7/30 Project Cost: Rs 1024000 Location of Project: Dumariya, Jatahara & Rampur khap VDCs in Rautahat District

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

Enhancement of carp fish production for livelihood and income generation project has been conducted at Dumariya, Jatahara & Rampurkhap villages of Rautahat District since last 8 months. The project is operating in 8 different fish ponds that covers 2 ha water surface area. There are 34 fish farmers from Muslim, fishermen, Tiwari and yadav communities as beneficiaries of this project. Based on the pond location and experience the farmers they are divided in two groups namely food fish and fingerling production accordingly. The objective of the project is to increase pond productivity to about 2000 kg/ha from the exiting 600 kg/ha Likewise, the project aims to distribute 150000 fingerlings of various carp species among the beneficiaries through rearing hatchling and fry fish. The culture fish species are Silver, Bighead, Grass, Rohu and Naini. The development based activities will run for about 10 months starting from 1st Aswin to last of Ashar. To meet the proposed out puts, several other activities like baseline survey, farmer’s group discussion, stakeholder interaction, problem based farmers training and farmers tour in commercial fish pocket area as well as pond repair and maintenance and water management programs will be conducted throughout project period. Moreover, the beneficiaries will further supported by providing various production inputs like fingerlings, fish feed, organic and inorganic fertilizer in order to boost up fish production for a given period of time. The lead institute of the project will solely responsible for the management of the various inputs visualized by the project.


Increase income and employment opportunity in rural areas through large scale carp fish production is the main purpose of this project. The fish ponds in the project sites are poorly managed and less importance has given by the farmers for their improvement. Convincing the farmers for the adoption of improved fish culture practices is the main challenge visualized by the project. Therefore, the farmers will be motivated and facilitate for the adoption of proven fish culture technology in their respective ponds to increase per unit productivity. It is expected that through project activities fish production will increase to a desired extent that will ultimately support for raising income and employment to the participating farmers.

Beneficiaries

The 34 fish farmers from Muslim, Yadav, Tiwari and fishermen communities are the direct beneficiaries in this project. On the other hand, fish consumer, local traders, DADO Rautahat and fish farmers, nursery keeper around project area, hoteliers, feed /fertilizer suppliers will indirectly benefited from the project activities.



The project outputs will be verified by the help of the following indicators; 1. At the end of project period 8 different ponds owned by farmers will adopt improved fish culture

practices 2. The existing productivity 600 kg/ha will increased to about 2000kg/ha. 3. The participating group will reared 150000 fingerlings carp fish species and distributed accordingly.

Up-scaling Pathways

During project implementation, the result and method demonstration of the implemented activities, group meeting and discussion among the stakeholders, training to farmers and visits in fish pocket area are the uptake pathways of the project output. Likewise the documented results of each program will be published with the help of folders and video which will promote for scaling up of project output.

Synopsis of Project Status

Targeted Outputs: The project aims to investigate the growth and production potential of carp fish in farmers managed systems through application of improved package of practices. The measurable output of the project can be summarized as;

1 Fish farmers adopted improved fish culture practices: The existing knowledge and skill of the fish farmers will improved by the action of project activities.

2 Fish productivity increased: The existing ponds productivity (600 kg/ha) will increase (2000 kg/ha) by the application of feed, fertilizer, water quality and fish health management practices.

3. Project out come disseminated: The achievement of the project will produced in the form of folder and video and disseminated among the stakeholder.


Activities Progress status Remarks 1.2 Orientation

/Inception meeting

An orientation program was held at project area in Bhadra 31, 2068 where all the beneficiaries along with project team and member from lead institution were participated. The project coordinator high lights about the importance of the project, output to be achieved and the role of participating instructions while implementing the project. Moreover detail discussions were made about the each activities like water and water quality management, farmers training, selection for trainees, pond repair and maintenance, fingerlings and table fish production programs, application of organic and inorganic fertilizer in the pond, feeding to fish , regular monitoring, harvesting and documentation of the output. The participants took part actively in the discussion programs

1.2 Baseline survey A baseline survey was conducted in different ponds owned by 34 farmers in the project area. Most of the ponds in the project area were found more than 10 years old covered with grasses, plants leaves. The shallow tube-well as well as monsoon rain fall were found main source of water for the ponds. The reports shows that the fish farmers in the project area has more than five years experience in fish culture practices where most of the participants replied that they have never got improved fish culture training from government or private institution in the past. The farmers found to use to about 9 months of their pond in a year for fish culture activities where stocking of Common carp, Silver carp, Bighead carp, Rohu and Naini fish species are very common @ 50000 individual per hectare. Stocking of fish seed takes place during Jestha to Sarawan of each year when monsoon


season starts. The survey report further shows that farmers use to purchase fingerlings from India which are delivered in their ponds by fishermen group who are involved in fish seed transportation activities. About 50 % respondents replied that they do apply rice bran; oil cake and urea as a fish feed 2- 4 times in a year to their ponds but not regularly where as rest of the respondents never do feed to their fish except following stocking and harvesting practices. The study report further shows that farmers do produce to about 30 kg fish by a Katha in a year from their ponds out of which 40 % are consumed by the family and rest are sold in the local market. The entire respondent replied that they want to improve their income through fish farming in the year to come by practicing improved package of practices.

1.3 Training to fish growers

Two days fish culture training was organized at project area where the participants were trained in various aspects of improved fish culture practices, like pond preparation, water management, liming to the ponds, fish species to be culture and their biology. The training also focused on stocking density, size and ratio of feed, feeding practice as well as water quality management. Moreover the training also focused on fish growth check-up practices, fish health management through control of fish diseases and parasites. Farmers also trained about the techniques on fish seed transportation methods and feed preparation techniques as well as problems associated with fish farm management along with fish harvesting and marketing.

2.1 Repair/ maintenance of fish ponds and water management

Time to time repair and maintenance of fish pond has great importance for productivity enhancement. The ponds covered by project were cleaned by removing weeds, unnecessary humus, plant leaves and grasses. This has changed the water quality.

2.2 Food fish production program

This program has initiated in five different ponds namely Bijay ponds, Jatahara ponds, School ponds, Suresh pond and Tiwari pokhari respectively. In these ponds different size of fingerling of Silver carp, Bighead carp, Rohu, Naini and Common carp were stocked @ 15000 per hectare. These ponds were fertilized with organic and inorganic manure along with lime. The water quality has improved.. Fish are fed regularly with oil cake and rice bran at the rate of 3 % of their body weight. The situation has improved. The farmers are suggested that the growing fish should be partially harvested when reached at marketable size.

2.3 Fingerlings production programmes

Production of different size of fingerling of silver, bighead, rohu and naini fish species is the aim of this project in order to supply fish seed to the farmers. For that three ponds namely Dabir, Labatana and Jayula has selected and stocking hatchling for fingerling production has started. The participating farmers reared 4 lakh hatchlings of different fish species in their ponds and have sold 80000 fingerlings during this period through nursing and rearing practices.

3.2 Report writing and submission

The various activities conducted during first quarter of the project were documented, recorded, analyzed and written in well defined format and submitted to the National Agriculture Research and Development Fund as a quarterly progress report.

3.3 Publication/ Demonstration

For wider scale information about the project activities two hoarding board about food fish production program and fingerlings nursing and rearing activities were prepared and demonstrated in the project site.

3.4.1 Regular . For the successful implementation of the project activities a regular


monitoring monitoring program was held at project site on fifth Paush 2068 where member from lead institution as well as project beneficiaries were involved. During this program beneficiaries expressed satisfaction about the activities conducted in the past and shown their commitment to meet the output designed by the project.

3.4.2 Joint monitoring

• Based on the project planned activities a joint monitoring program was conducted on Mangsir 17 through project team. The team has shown satisfaction about the performance of the activities conducted in the past and has given various suggestions for the future. The team has suggested selling large size marketable fish on regular basis which will enhance the productivity of the pond. Likewise, suggestion was also given to use lime and Malathion in Suresh pond where water quality was not maintained properly.

3.5 Video making For wider scale application of this project video of each activities (pond preparation, fingerlings stocking, feeding to fish, fish growth check-up, farmers training, pond cleaning, fish harvesting) conducted in the past has prepared and documented at project office. The complete package of the video will be submitted at the end of project


• Interaction with beneficiaries about project activities conducted.

• Baseline information about the project accessed.

• Fish production capacity of each pond accessed.

• Pond repair and maintenance as well as water management activities for that particular period completed.

• Hatchling nursing for fingerling production has completed for that period.

• Fingerlings stocking activities for table fish production completed.

• Partial harvesting practices of marketable size fish has followed.

• Beneficiaries were trained about improved fish culture practices.

• Water quality monitoring and fish growth check-up practices has conducted.


Project Title: Improving the livelihood of small holding rural HHs through

introduction and dissemination of community managed rainbow trout fish farming in Makawanpur district.

Project No: 808/2010/11 Project Coordinator: Tuk Narayan Paudel Address: MADE Nepal , Bharatpur, Chitwan Telephone: 056-520457/ 528604 Fax: 056- 524861 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: DADO, Makawanpur , Fisheries Research Station of National

Agriculture Research Council kulekhani Makwanpur. Start Date: September, 2011 End Date: August, 2013 Project Cost: 9,99,174 Location of Project: Daman VDC, Makawanpur district

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

Agriculture is the foundation of the economy of Nepal, contributing almost 33 % of total GDP of the country. About 86% of Nepal’s population lives in rural areas depending on subsistence farming for their livelihoods. Household food security and poor nutrition are still major concerns in rural areas. It is need of today to bring a shift from subsistence farming to market oriented commercial farming practices for expanded economic opportunities of the rural population in course of reducing poverty in Nepal. Further, it is inevitable to make the existing farming system more productive, sustainable and self reliant in improving the livelihood conditions of Nepalese people. There are great potential of agricultural growth in Nepal including fisheries because of suitable climatic condition and topography, ecological variations and adequacy of biodiversities. The tenth 5 years Plan of the Government of Nepal and subsequent two 3 years' interim plans (TYIPs) with due reorganization of the Agricultural Perspective Plan (APP) has recognized fisheries including rainbow trout fish farming as one of the important alternatives for the economic growth of the country and for poverty reduction. However, these opportunities have not yet been explored in Nepal.

There is great scope of rainbow trout farming and its products in the markets. This enterprise is highly profitable from the point of view of comparative advantage. In markets, the rainbow trout fishes gets higher market price than other breeds of fishes do. Therefore, the rainbow trout fish farming seems to be more benefiting to the resource poor farmers in terms of economic return of their investment, labor and time. It is expected to help create employment opportunity and increase the HHs incomes especially that of small farmers. There is great export potential of rainbow trout fish in internal and external markets. Rainbow trout fish farming, being as one of the high value commodities, have tremendous scope for improving the food security and livelihoods of poor and for expanded economic opportunities of the small holding farmers through high degree of additional HH incomes. As we all know that land is the most dependable resource on which livelihoods of the farming communities depend on. As a result, the exceedingly smallholding has marginalized the farm HHs so much that the communities are forced to look for the alternative source of livelihood. In this regard, small holder farmers can increase better access to income generating opportunities thereby commercial promotion and marketing of high value rainbow trout fishes as "window opportunities" in many parts of Nepal including present project area of Makawanpur district.


The proposed project is basically linked with commercial promotion and marketing of high value rainbow trout fishes as a lucrative agribusiness for additional HH incomes of small holding farmers in project area. The purpose of this project is to introduce and widely disseminate the community managed trout production


as a model for mass and wider adoption by small holders in the project area. The HH income of the majority of poor farmers in the project area will be substantially increased by wider adoption of rainbow trout community based model and entrepreneurship development at local levels which is envisaged to be instrumental in attacking the mass poverty and reducing vulnerability in the project area. The purpose of the project will be achieved through introduction and wider dissemination of rainbow trout based production technology, entrepreneurship development and functional market networks in the project area. It is anticipated that the income of participating HHs will be increased at least by 30% in the project area.

Beneficiaries

In general, the primary beneficiaries of the project, will be smallholding rural HHs in the project area, however, most disadvantaged and marginalized groups of people like women, Dalits, Janajatis and pro-poor farming HHs who are facing exclusion from normal service delivery mechanisms on grounds like inaccessibility, flaws in intervention process and approaches based upon gender, caste, ethnicity and geographical locations will be the intended beneficiaries in particular. A total of 210 populations attributing to 30 rural HHs of aforesaid categories will be directly benefited by the project intervention in the project area. Women will be directly benefited as high value rainbow trout based production and marketing activities will be overwhelmingly run by the women. The rainbow trout based small traders, middlemen, contractors, businessmen, entrepreneurs, porters and investors will also be benefited by participating in rainbow trout production, collection, transporting and marketing activities in the project area. The fish consumers will also be directly benefited by the intervention and implementation of the project. Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs) The objectively verifiable indicators for the project outputs are as per given below. Output-1: Before onset of the project implementation, baseline information of the existing situation will be carried out and duly analyzed. The potential sites and farmers will be selected based on feasibility, situation analysis and need assessment. Farmers will be oriented about project intervention at selected clusters/hamlets in the program VDC.One model trout farm will be established and demonstrated in the project area for wider dissemination of the production technology. Management and supervision of the farms will be duly made in regular bases. Followings are some of the objectively Verifiable indicators for output-1

• By the end of the project, one community managed trout production farming adopted in the project

area by the participating HHs (30 HHs) by the efforts of this project .

Output-2:

For the development of sustainable market networks, a trout fish based market survey will be carried out. The farmer groups will be imparted market development training. The trout fish based market networks will be promoted through market development workshop and organization of market fair in the project area. Followings are some of the objectively verifiable indicators for output-2.

• By the end of the project, 600 Kg of fresh trout fish produced in the model farm by the group through adoption of the newly introduced trout production technology in the project area.

• By the end of the project, the additional annual incomes of participating each HHs (30 HHs) increased at least by NRs 18,000 in the project area.

• By the end of the project, the trout fish based functional market developed and promoted.


Output-3:

For scaling up of the project outputs, extension material in the form of booklets will be prepared and widely disseminated among wider range of the stakeholders. Followings are some of the objectively verifiable indicators for output-3.

• By the end of the project, one farmer group directly involved in trout fish transaction by the effort of project in the project area in comparison to 2011.

• By the end of project period, the whole sellers and retailers involved in fish transaction with farmers by the effort of the project in the project area as compared to 2011.

• By the end of the project period (2013), trout fish based marketing operated through farmer group channel occupied more than 80% of the total fish transaction by the project in the project area in comparison to 2011.

• A total of 450 copies of booklets published and distributed to the concerned stakeholders and farmers at the end of the project period.

• A 15 minutes long video documentary developed regarding community managed trout fish farming.

Up-scaling Pathways

Considering the uptake pathways (UP) as one of the important means of route or channel to disseminate research products to users, this project is built in with inclusion of various effective methods of UP to scale up technologies regarding rainbow trout production and marketing in wider scale. The approaches/methods of up scaling to be employed in this project will be as per stated below.

a) Numbers of extension materials such as brochures, leaflets, booklets, poster and pamphlets will be duly prepared and widely disseminated as one of the promotion pathways for the uptake, or up scaling of the project outputs.

b) At the end of the project, an output sharing workshop will be organized for sharing the results/outputs of the project among wider range of stakeholders which will be another promotion pathway for the uptake or up scaling of the project outputs in the project area.

c) The visits of the farms and the farmer groups by the non participating farmers of adjoining area will also be an important promotion pathway for uptake or up scaling of the project outputs by the intended beneficiaries in the project area.

d) Installation of hoarding boards and information dissemination through local FM radio will be another prominent means of promoting pathways for the uptake or up scaling of the project output in the project area.

e) The overall responsibility for the project implementation will be taken by the lead Implementing Agency (IA). However, coordination and linkage with the DADO is an important approach for the implementation. DADO will be involved in monitoring and dissemination of the project outputs and identified technologies. The involvement of DADO and CBOs in the project activities will help to facilitate the up scaling of the project outputs to the intended beneficiaries.

f) Field demonstration as a model regarding trout production will also be a means of up scaling process from which farmers of the neighboring VDCs will adopt the model.

Marketing of fresh trout fish is an important concern for farmers, which will be an important factor for the up scaling of the research outputs.


Synopsis of Project Status Targeted Outputs: Output-1: Rainbow trout fish based appropriate production model in the project area introduced. A series of activities and sub activities to deliver this output such as reconnaissance survey, primary learning classes (PLCs), group organization, establishment of model trout farm, estimate of economic analysis (cost/benefit) will be carried out in the project site. Output-2: Rainbow trout fish based market networks and entrepreneurship in the project area developed in a self sustained basis. To deliver this output, numbers of activities such as market survey for market-network establishment, market development training/workshop and market fairs will be emphasized and implemented in the project area. Output-3: Community based rainbow trout fish farming widely disseminated and scaled up. To deliver this output, project introductory workshop, preparation and dissemination of extension materials, output sharing workshop and fish farm visits will be emphasized and implemented in the project area. Moreover, the project will also be regularly monitored by NARDF. Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status Remarks Reconnaissance study for site selection Study is completed Organization of farmer groups Farmers are organized in a group Construction of basic infrastructures including raceway ponds

2 raceway ponds are constructed

Undertake primary learning classes (PLCs) for women

PLC is conducted in project area.

Project introductory workshop A project introductory workshop was organized participating all stakeholder

Internal monitoring Internal monitoring is done by MADE Team

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) The project is just started and all the major activities are ongoing process so that achievement s and finding will be seen in few months later.


Project Title: Development of novel means of environment friendly red ants (Dorylus

orientalis Westwood) management technology in potato crop in Makawanpur District

Project No: 809/2010/11 Project Coordinator: Min Raj Bhandari Address: MADE Nepal, Bharatpur-9, Chitwan Telephone: 056-528604 Fax: 056- 524861 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: DADO Makawanpur, Plant Protection Directorate, Harihar Bhawan,

Lalitpur Start Date: Sep 2011 End Date: Aug 2013 Project Cost: 9,99,316 Location of Project: Tistung and Palung VDC of Makawanpur district

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world with 24.8% of its population living below the poverty line (NPC, 2011). Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for three-fourths of the population and accounting for about one-third of GDP. About 86% of Nepal’s population lives in rural areas and depends on subsistence farming for their livelihoods. Household food security and poor nutrition are still major concerns in rural areas. It is need of today to bring a shift from subsistence farming to market oriented commercial farming practices for expanded economic opportunities of the rural population in course of reducing poverty in Nepal. Further, it is inevitable to make the existing farming system more productive, sustainable and self reliant in improving the livelihood conditions of Nepalese peoples. In hill area of Nepal potato is the staple foods so that it occupies fifth position in area, fourth in production and first in productivity in Nepal with its cultivation in 185342 ha of land, 2517696 mt production, and 13.58 mt/ha productivity. In Makwanpur district, total area, production and productivity is 4850Ha, 41994 Mt. and 8.65 Mt per hectare respectively (MOAC, 2009). In this district, Tistung and Palung are major pocket areas of vegetables production. Potato is the major crop which planting time is Paush/ Magh and harvesting time is Baisakh/ Jestha. In this area, different improved varieties of potato are introduced but Palung white is more popular. Diseases and plant pests are the major production constraints of potato. In the hills the major problems are Wart, Late Blight, Early Blight, Scab, Potato Tuber Moth, White Grub and Red ants (CADP, 2008). The damage to potato tuber by Red ant is increasing year by year. In recent year about 20 percent tubers are damaged in proposed project area of Palung VDC.

In recent years, uses of biorational compounds including biopesticides have widely been increasing because of the inability to achieve selective to non-target species with conventional synthetic insecticides (Mullin and Croft, 1985). Research outputs so far done elsewhere suggest pesticide alone does not protect the crops for reasonable period of time rather they pose residual effect on the crops that are directly harmful to the consumers. Moreover, the chemical based pest control remains worth until the pest insect get resistance. Similarly, there is greater risk of drifting off of the pesticide into rainwater. This is in fact truer in case of soil insect pests, where selective control is neither feasible nor possible. Nepalese farmer often tend to use highly hazardous pesticides with increasing dosages. In majority of the farming communities there is still greater misconception as they think that there are not any alternative of chemical pesticides. Therefore, it is necessary to search the alternative methods aiming to reduce pesticide use, maximizing biorational compounds and cultural practices. In this study major focus is to find out effective local plants, method of cultural practices and resistance varieties to minimize red ant damage.



The project aims at introducing the environment friendly red ant management technologies for wider dissemination among the small holding farming communities in the project area. The purpose of the project is 50% of the potato growers in the project areas will adopt alternative method for red ant control. In the project location, a survey will be done which will be identified and quantified ecological distribution and associated loss of Red ant. A survey report will be prepared and based on this report, project activities will be implemented in farmers field in participatory way. There will be identified three effective botanical plant materials which are suitable measures for red ant control in farmers field demonstration. At the end of project, project outputs will be documented and disseminated through communication media. Based on the finding, appropriate extension materials of red ants control particularly suitable for potato growers of Makawanpur and other similar agricultural domains of Nepal will be developed. This will be published in the form of booklets and distributed mainly to the growers, extension agents and researchers. Likewise, short massages regarding the use and effectiveness of botanical pesticides will be broadcasted by FM.

Beneficiaries

Small scale potato growers, resource poor farmers of rural areas especially of Tistung and Palung VDC will be the primary beneficiaries. The main beneficiaries of this project are small-scale farming families, women, dalit and janjati which derive their livelihood from bari land farming. The biorational control of pests such as red ants makes crop production less vulnerable to pests and provides these families with opportunities to grow high value crops (e.g. potato, vegetables and zinger) without the risk of major pest losses. About 40 rural HHs will be the participants directly and more than 100 farmers will be benefited indirectly from this project. Among direct beneficiaries, more than 50% will be women and more than 50% will be dalit and janjati. Women will be directly benefited as high value potato production, and marketing activities will be overwhelmingly run by women. The potato based small traders, middlemen, contractors, businessmen, entrepreneurs, porters and investors will also be benefited by project in collection, transporting and marketing activities in the project area. There will be significant spillover effect of technology for production and red ant management, therefore farmers of adjoining areas will also be benefited through the project intervention. Similarly, red ant and other insect based researchers, extension agents, service providers, I/NGOs, other line agencies and students will also be benefited through accessibility of reliable documents generated by the project.


Output 01. The on-farm losses, ecology and geographical distribution of red ant infested area investigated. Indicator: Ecological distribution of red ant in the project areas will be identified and associated loss quantified by the end of project.

Output 02. The botanical plant materials having insecticidal property to control red ant tested. Indicator: At the end of the project, three effective botanical plant materials will be identified.

Output 03. The cultural and varietals methods for the management of red ant developed. Indicator: At the end of the project, suitable measures for red ant control developed by which 50% losses in yield reduced.

Output 04. The demonstration methods and findings of the red ant management documented and disseminated through publication and video documentary. Indicator: At the end of the project, project outputs documented in Nepali medium and disseminated through communication media.

Up-scaling Pathways

The approaches/methods of up scaling to be employed in this project will be as per stated below. g) Numbers of extension materials such as video documentary of major activities, brochures, leaflets, poster

and pamphlets will be duly prepared and widely disseminated as one of the promotion pathways for the uptake, or up scaling of the project outputs.


h) At the end of the project, an output sharing workshop will be organized for sharing the results/outputs of the project among wider range of stakeholders which will be another promotion pathway for the uptake or up scaling of the project outputs in the project area.

i) The visits of the farms and the farmer groups by the non participating farmers of adjoining area will also be an important promotion pathway for uptake or up scaling of the project outputs by the intended beneficiaries in the project area.

j) Information dissemination through video documentary and local FM radio will be another prominent means of promoting pathways for the uptake or up scaling of the project output in the project area.

k) The overall responsibility for the project implementation will be taken by the lead Implementing Agency (IA). However, coordination and linkage with the DADO and monitoring of field activities by the DADO are the important approach for scaling of the project outputs to the intended beneficiaries in a sustainable way. Likewise farmers cooperative and local NGO and CBO will be vital role to scale up and dissemination of technology.


Targeted Outputs:

This project aims to evaluate the efficacy of botanical plants as well as indigenous materials as a gate way to control red ant in potato farming. For this, on-farm demonstration will be established so as to verify the findings covering more number of farming families. Eventually, they will be enabled in controlling red ant; hence the producers are the major beneficiaries. They will also serve as a resource person or centre for the dissemination of the technology. With the outcomes, large number of farm families including men and women will enable to achieve higher cash income from their bari land. Broadly following four outputs are expected to achieve upon accomplishment of the study.

01. The on-farm losses, ecology and geographical distribution of red ant infested area investigated. 02. The botanical plant materials having insecticidal property to control red ant tested. 03. The cultural and varietals methods for the management of red ant developed. 04. The demonstration methods and findings of the red ant management documented and disseminated

through publication and video documentary.


Activities Progress status Remarks Survey for understanding the biology of red ant, yield loss assessment and degree of infestation

Survey is done by team and a report is prepared which is submitted to NARDF office

Site and farmers selection for demonstration

Sites and farmers are selected for study

Conduct field demonstration using different botanical plant materials with different application methods for red ant control in potato

Field demonstration is started in farmers field

Study the effects of poison baits and other lures for attracting the red ant population

Study is started in field

Conduct varietals Demonstration for the identification of tolerant varieties to red ants

Varietal trials are set up and research activities are started in the farmers fields

Internal Monitoring of field activities Quarterly basis monitoring is conducted by team


The project is just started and all the major activities are ongoing process so that achievement s and finding will be seen in few months later.


Project Title: Promotion of grain legumes to enhance food security and management of

degraded land in mid-hills of Nepal Project No: 810/2010/11 Project Coordinator: Mr SR Tripathi Address: National Grain Legumes Research Program (NGLRP)

Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal

Telephone: 056-591009, 9845031701 / 9751019412 Fax: 00977-56-591009 Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: DADO, Gorkha

DADO, Tanahu and PESD, Tanahu

Start Date: 1st October 2011 End Date: 31st September 2014 Project Cost: 2990400.00Location of Project: Gorkha (Chyanling and Gaikhur VDCs) and Tanahun (Bhanu and Purkot

VDCs) districts

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

Food deficiency, low productivity and malnutrition, in particular in hilly districts are the challenges to policy makers, agricultural research and development workers. Land degradation is an important issue due to its negative effect on crop productivity, environment and food security and quality of life. Fallow land, Low productivity, food deficiency and malnutrition issues will be tackled by popularizing suitable grain legume crops and establishing community based seed production system through participatory varietal selection, demonstrations, minikits distributions, trainings, field days, seed production, stakeholders' workshop, leaflets, local media (FM radio) and video documentary. This project aims to improving land quality and crop production, and thereby improved food security, nutritional status and poverty reduction of resource poor, marginal and women farmers of Tanahu and Gorkha districts. The problem of degraded land will be improved through the integration and adoption of suitable grain legumes. This project will document potential and constraints of grain legume production for study areas and recommend and disseminate suitable grain legumes species/varieties integration in degraded land which ultimately improve nutrient status of degraded land, and increased cropping intensity and total production. Active participation of farmer groups, local NGOs and government agencies throughout the project period will ensure the adoption of grain legumes in the project areas. This project will be launched at Chyanling and Gaikhur VDCs of Gorkha and VDCs Bhanuand Purkot VDCs of Tanahun.


This project aimed to improve land quality and crop productivity in degraded land of western hills by integrating suitable grain legumes such as pigeonpea, blackgram, cowpea, ricebean and lentil.

Beneficiaries

The primary beneficiaries of the project are the small marginalized, disadvantaged, women farmers of Tanahu and Gorkha districts who were facing soil degradation and low agricultural productivity problem. During the project period about two hundred and forty farmers were directly involved in technology testing and verification trials, about 800 farmer households get opportunity to evaluate different grain legumes under farmer acceptance test/ minikit program. Similarly, two hundred and forty farmers receive grain legume production and management training. Women and dalits encourage participating in the project activities (at least 40% women farmers’ participation in project were insured). The development and extension agencies such as District Agriculture Development Office (DADO), NGOs, and CBOs working on cropping systems in


the project sites will also get the first hand information on land management utilizing grain legume technologies. They will also play a key role in rolling out the proven technologies to other farmers. The secondary beneficiaries are the entrepreneur, consumers and farmers who are involved in the consumption and trade. The applications of the findings of this project work may increase production of grain legumes and thereby promotion of small processing industries (dal mill, snack) and generate employment opportunities. Policy makers, development agencies (GOs, NGOs and CBOs) and academic institutions are the upstream beneficiaries using the technology generated for the purpose to review, amend and reformulate policy, strategies and working guidelines. Farmers in neighbouring VDCs also benefit due to technology dissemination and adoption. In the long run, technologies/methodologies developed and verified from this project extrapolated to other regions having similar agro-ecological condition. There are not any negative impacts of project findings or activities immediately and in the long-term.


Following are the objectively verifiable indicators for the outputs based on the intended outputs. Indicators of output 1 1.1 By July 2012, status, potential and constraints of soil and grain legumes in the project area documented.

Indicators of output 2 2.1 By July 2014, one high yielding stress tolerant variety each of blackgram, cowpea, pigeonpea, ricebean

and lentil suitable for degraded/marginal land identified and recommended for integration in the existing cropping system.

2.2 Grain legumes area and productivity in the project areas increased by 10 and 15%, respectively from pre-project level by 2014.

Indicators of output 3 3.1 By June 2014, integrated crop management (ICM) package on grain legumes will be verified and

disseminated. Indicators of output 4 4.1 FAT/ minikits of farmer preferred grain legume species/ varieties distributed to about 800 farming

households by 2014. 4.2 By 2014, two hundred and forty farmers and twenty field level workers of project area will be trained on

grain legume package of practices, and seed production 4.3 By 2014, two farmers useful leaflets, one booklet and radio programs, highlighting project outputs will

be prepared and disseminated in the project districts. 4.4 By 2014, one useful video documentary highlighting project success stories prepared and broadcasted

from TV. Up-scaling Pathways

This project implemented in close cooperation with the DADO, local NGO and farmers. The activities in the first year intend towards evaluation of promising and recommended technologies on grain legumes in the project areas, while in the following two years activities focus on the demonstration, dissemination and up-scaling of the selected technologies with active participation of the farming community, DADO, local NGOs and CBOs (woman groups, farmers groups and local youth clubs). Demonstration, visits, field days, trainings and publication of leaflets and booklets accelerate adoption and promotion of project outputs by the intended beneficiaries. The outputs of the project also disseminate through periodical, technical reports, project completion reports, monitoring reports, study reports and annual reports. Success stories share to wider farm communities using local FM radio and video documentary. Agri-fair brings together different stakeholders involved in technologies dissemination. Workshops help familiarize and facilitate the up scaling of project outputs to the intended beneficiaries. Moreover, they also act as common forum for getting acquainted with seeds of new varieties and receiving feedback from farmers.



Output 1: Base line information of project area documented Output 2: Grain Legumes species/varieties integrated in degraded land. Output 3: Integrated Crop Management (ICM) package demonstrated Output 4: Farmers preferred grain legumes technologies for marginal/ degraded land scale up/ disseminated

and soil status improved Project Status Reports:

Activities Progress status Remarks 1.1 Project Inception meeting Completed in November 2011 1.2 Site selection Completed in October 2011 1.3 Baseline survey Pre project survey completed in November

2011, and impact study will be done in the 3rd trimester of 2014.

2.1 Farmers selection ( for activity 2.3 -2.6) Completed in November 2011 2.2 Orientation Training on PVS Completed in December 2011 2.3 Evaluation of blackgram, cowpea and

ricebean in upland maize based cropping system.

Scheduled for 3rd trimester

2.4 Evaluation of pigeonpea in sloppy wasteland and as intercrop in maize under upland condition.

Yet to begin

2.5 Lentil relay (conservation technology) in rice fallow for improving soil physio-chemical properties.

Completed and again done for next year.

2.6 Soil sampling and analysis. Soil sampling and analysis scheduled for the first year has been completed and the next sampling and analysis will be done on 2014.

3.1 Farmer Selection Scheduled for 2nd and 3rd years 3.2 Front Line Demonstration (FLD) of

farmers preferred grain legume varieties. Scheduled for 2nd and 3rd years

3.3 Diamond trial to evaluate Integrated Crop Management (ICM) packages on selected grain legumes

Scheduled for 2nd and 3rd years

4.1 Field staff training Completed in December 2011

4.2 Farmers Training Training scheduled for the first year has been completed in December 2011 and the next training will be done on next year.

4.3 FAT/ Minikit Distribution Scheduled for 2nd and 3rd years 4.4 Agri. fair Scheduled for 2nd and 3rd years 4.5 Seed increase program Scheduled for 2nd and 3rd years 4.6 Farmer visit and Field day On going 4.7 Monitoring and Evaluation On going 4.8 Joint monitoring and evaluation On going as per field activities 4.9 Review and planning workshop Scheduled for 3rd trimester of each year 4.10 Meeting with project member and

stakeholder On going

4.11 Data collection, analysis and reporting On going as per field activities 4.12 Publication Scheduled from 3rd trimester 4.13 Mass Media On going


Achievements (also include Findings in case of Research Projects)

• Project inception meeting were organized at Khatritar, Gorkha on 24 November 2011 and Purkot, Tanahu on 25 November 2011 and highlighted the importance of legumes for human nutrition, cropping system, soil health improvement and food security related issues.

• Kausilatar Chyangli-6, and Jaruwapani and Kalamata of Gaikhur-1, 2 of Gorkha and Satighat of Bhanu-5 and Baliphant of Purkot- 6 of Tanahu were selected to run the project activities

• A base line survey was conducted using PRA to document the existing socio economic situation, soil status, crops and cropping patterns, constraints and opportunities of grain legumes in the project area.

• Participatory variety selection (PVSs) of lentil was conducted to identify the suitable variety for rice -fallow systems. Simal, Shital and ILL 7164 were performed well.

• Soil samples were collected and analyzed to know the plant nutrients status (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potash), organic matter (OM) and pH of the soils before intervention of the grain legumes. All tested soils are low in OM and NPK. Majority soils are acidic need to lime application.

• Extension field staff training on grain legume production in Gorkha and Tanahu was completed and 35 field staffs were trained.

• Two farmers’ trainings, 140 collaborator farmers were trained on improved legume production technologies was conducted in Puwatar, Gorkha and Baisajaghar, Tanahu during December 2011.

• Regular field level activities has been monitored by involving producer farmers, the project team (NGLRP, PESD and DADO) and concerned stakeholders. This activity helped to observe and monitor field activities to improve the implementation of the project progress. Problems and the finding of the field monitoring have been discussed on spot with farmers.

• Joint monitoring of field trials by the stakeholders was carried out in the first trimester.


Project Title: Conservation and Promotion of Achhami Cattle Project No: PP-811/ 2010/11 Project Coordinator: Dr. Neena Amatya Gorkhali Address: ABD, NARC Khumaltar Telephone: 9841 249 135 Fax: 977-1-5540511 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Collaborating organisations: Internal collaborators:

Different Livestock Disciplinary Divisions and Commodity programs of NARC External collaborators: Central Bovine Promotion Office (CBPO) National Livestock Breeding Centre (NLBC), Kaski District Livestock Service Office (DLSO), Achham Community Based Organizations

Start Date: 07/2068 End Date: 09/2068 Project Cost: Rs. 19,98,248.00 Location of Project: Mastamandu, Baijanath, Ghughurkot, and Jalpadevi VDCs of Achham

district PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

Achhami cattle are claimed as the smallest breed in the world (Epstein, 1977; Neupane and Pokharel, 2005. However, inadequate and low effort is placed for the awareness and supports to promote this fact. Achhami cattle is well known for their hardiness and ability to produce milk even under harsh environmental and management condition, however, potential of these cattle are overlooked. The pure Acchami cattle population have greatly reduced and now almost declared as endangered breed for the cattle as only about 863 in total number (Annual report, ALS, Achham, 2009) are surviving. In addition, the high rate of cattle declination and critical inbreeding problems leaded to high risk of extinction. Currently, the Nepal Government realized the importance and potential of the Achhami cattle and prioritized for the conservation and utilization, still considering the improvement of livelihood and biodiversity conservation at the local level. Hence the project proposal is identified as the need and action for achieving the results for conserving and promotion of Achhami cattle, and also goes with the interest and priority of the Nepal Government on Achhami cattle.


Inadequate research work carried out in Achhami cattle has indicated that there is an ample scope for increasing milk yield through simple selection programme along with intervention of complete package of good husbandry practices. The project aims at creating higher level of participation of the Achhami cattle farmers, creating awareness on scopes, sensitizing on conservation and utilization of Achhami cattle at the grassroot level, along with project supports for improved package of scientific but still locally adaptive management practices including cattle health and nutrition, other husbandry aspects such as livestock housing, sanitation, proper utilization of livestock wastages etc.

Beneficiaries

The direct target and beneficiaries are local livestock raisers having Achhami cattle of the Mastamandu, Baijanath, Ghughurkot, and Jalpadevi VDCs in Achham district, where as the indirect beneficiaries are those who has a role on value chain system of input supports, processing and marketing Achhami cattle milk or milk products. Likewise, DLS, institutions, NGOs, and cooperative farmers in Achham district will be benefited by the experience capitalized (lesson learnt and result based locally adaptive improved practices) of the project.



By end of project period, productivity is increased with the intervention of improved health, nutrition and animal husbandry practices. Local people sensitized about the existence of the Achhami breed and its population is increased at the project site by in-situ and ex-situ conservation method at the project area. At least 30% of the Achhami population increment is envisaged at the project site.

The survey report, report compilation of infertility camps, lab reports, annual technical report, final technical reports are the means of verification for project outputs.

Up-scaling Pathways

The project focuses on capacity building trainings and input support to Achhami cattle rearing farmers and strengthens them to work along with project objectives. The follow up and monitoring of project activities/implementation at household and field level are the primary information sources of challenges, problems and scopes of the project, the capitalization of formal monitoring report or monitoring findings are reported in the trimester reports to NARDF, also share with other stakes such as DLSO/LSC/LSSC (Achham), local partner NGO etc. The findings of the project will be prioritized to disseminate approaching the relevant workshops and meetings in order to share contextual issues, challenges, scopes, innovations and impact of the project to the national public agriculture policy makers and planners (MoAC), among NARC cattle researchers, other NGOs working in the sector and region.


Targeted Outputs:

The targeted outputs of the project are given below - 1. Present status of Achhami cattle in Achham district is understood. By end of first year of the project

period, the local importance and population status of Achhami cattle understood by the project beneficiaries.

2. In situ conservation of Achhami cattle initiated at Achham district with intervention of husbandry practices established. By end of project period, at least 30% increment in the productivity in Achhami cattle achieved and at least 100 Achhami cattle conserved and improved utilization at the project area.

3. Sensitization and awareness level on importance, utilization, improvement and conservation of Achhami cattle increased. By the end of project period, 80% of total beneficiaries sensitized on importance, utilization, improvement and conservation of Achhami cattle.

4. Ex situ conservation of Achhami cattle initiated. By the end of project period, at least 500 doses of frozen semen of Acchami cattle would have been stored and the genetic diversity is studied.

5. Project outcome disseminated. By the end of project period, booklets/ pamphlets, posters and brochures developed and distributed to the local schools, VDC offices, local NGOs/GOs working in the sector.


Activities Progress status

Remarks

Inception orientation meeting for project team

Completed Inception workshop is carried out in ABD/NARC (Khumaltar, Lalitpur) and in DLSO (Mangalsen, Achham).

District Project Inception Workshop (Magalsen, DLSO and other stakes)

Completed Inception workshop is carried out in DLSO (Mangalsen, Achham).

Baseline survey, questionnaire development, survey orientation/pre test and conduction of survey.

Completed

Questionnaires set finalized and printed. Orientation and filed survey completed. Household baseline survey is carried out in Mastamandu, Baijanath, Ghughurkot, and Jalpadevi VDCs of Achham district. Key


informants from DLSO, LSC and local NGOs are carried out in Mangalsen and Sanfebagar.

Population census of Achhami cattle in Achham district

Ongoing

Rapid assessment on population census is ongoing in Achham district Orientation to the field assessors , development and printing of census format are completed

Establishment of in situ conservation of Achhami cattle initiated at Achham district with intervention of husbandry practices

Ongoing

Initiation of in situ conservation of Achhami cattle in Mastamandu, Baijanath, Ghughurkot, and Jalpadevi VDCs of Achham district.

Four Achhami cattle farmers group identification, formation and project supports

Ongoing

Four Achhami cattle farmers groups and their members are identified and formed. Ongoing group strengthening and project supports

Initiation of ex situ conservation of Achhami cattle

Ongoing Ongoing ex situ conservation

Formation and supporting District level Achhami Cattle Promotion Committee

Yet to implement

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) The project also intends to study on the impacts of improved inputs application in Achhami cattle farming, with control and non control groups. The improved inputs application refer to the feeding of commercial (concentrate) feeds @ 300 gm/day/cattle under the condition that both groups get Achhami cattle farming (cattle nutrition, fodder and forage production, cattle diseases, health and hygiene, barn sanitations etc) orientation/trainings, routine veterinary checkup, de-worming and vaccinations services, improved barn and cattle sanitation practices, and also engaged in fodder and forage production for feeding Achhami cattle purposes under the supports of this project. The input distribution is just geared by de-worming activities only, and the remaining activities of first trimester and the scheduled for second trimesters are under progress. With the limitation on outsourced budget, the activities of first trimester are suffered from untimely implementation.


Project Title: Food security program in the mid western mountains of Nepal

through promotion of underutilized crops of buckwheat and naked barley in Patmara and Tatopani VDCs of Jumla district

Project No: PP No. 812/2010/11)Project Coordinator: Dr. MN Paudel Address: Outreach Research Division< Khumaltar, NARC Telephone: 1-5540817 Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: ARS, Jumal , ADO, Jumal and BEE-GROUP) Jumla Start Date: Start Date: Fiscal

year– Kartik 1, 2068/69 (2011/2012)

End Date:

End date: Fiscal Year– Ashoj 30, 2071/72 (2013/2014)

Project Cost: NRs. 29, 90, 650. 00 Location of Project: Jumla (Tato pPani and Patmara VDCs)

Project Summary

There is a rife of food shortage in mid western hills of Nepal and Jumla is one of the food deficit districts of the country. Despite the fact that Nepal is an agricultural country and contributes largest share to GDP (33%) to the national economy, however food shortage is looming large and other developmental activities of the government are superseded due to shortage of foods in general and mid western hills in particular. Given these scenarios, there is a need to address this issue in regional and household food security basis. Hence, food security program in the mid western mountains of Nepal through promotion of underutilized crops of buckwheat, naked barley and foxtail millet in Patmara and Tatopani VDCs of Jumla district was proposed to address the issue of food deficit in local and household level as a pilot project in Jumla district. The successful findings of this project could be delineated in other similar domains of the Jumla and western mid hills of Nepal could help mitigate problem of food shortage in these parts of the country as well.

Background

Government of Nepal is air lifting food from urban areas to these regions to mitigate the problem which is, in long run, making people dependent on outsourcing food. Aside from this, biodiversity losses due to outsourcing of food are becoming one the causes of environmental degradation in these regions. As a result, indigenous food commodities such as buckwheat, naked barley, and millets (finger millet, poroso millet, fox-tail millet, sorghum, amaranthus) and many useful crop commodities have been eroding due to rice importation and change in food habits of the people. If food importation is continued, the habitat loss of indigenous crops will be very severe. Nepal during 70’s was a food surplus country due to massive cultivation of such indigenous crops, but as of now she has turned into a food importing country for ever. Biodiversity losses could not be recuperated in the near future if some measure to conserve native crops in domains where they are still available abundantly is not brought into practice. This technology could be delineated in domains similar to the project sites to mitigate food shortage so that in the long run these food deficit regions would be food surplus ones and migration of rural youth in search of jobs will be ceased.


The overall purpose of the project is to make food sufficiency in regional and local level in food deficit regions of mid western hills of Nepal, however the specific purpose of the projects are as follows:

• To conserve, promote and use locally available underutilized food crops such as naked barley, buck wheat, and millets (foxtail, finger millet and poroso millet) in food insecure regions

• To show the nutritional importance of locally available food crops by comparing them with imported rice and other fortified foods


• To popularize locally available food crops in their native domains as means to mitigate adverse impact of climate change and global warming

• To provide local employment and increase income generating activities of the rural poor by growing local food crops thereby reducing drudgery of women

• To provide scientific training about improved cultivation, maintenance, and seed production of locally available crops for sustainable development of these food commodities

• To make aware of locally available food crops thereby reducing dependency on food import from outside especially the rice

• To create awareness by print and electronic media about locally available food crops in the food deficit region so that bio-diversity maintenance and environment conservation is maintained

• To share ideas about importance of these crops with CBOs, I/NGO and farmers’ group about the importance of these crops in household and regional food security and

• To delineate successful technologies of making food self sufficiency in agro-ecological domains similar to the project locations across mid and far western region by promoting underutilized crops

Beneficiaries

In Tatopani VDC, of the total population of 5790, population of Dalit is 36.8% second highest after Haku VDC where Dalit are 38% whereas in Patmara VDC out of total population of 3026, the percentage of Dalit is 0.3% of the population. In these VDCs about 57% population do not have food sufficiency round the year whereas about 40% population has not food sufficient for less than three months in a year (District profile of Jumla, 2066). Therefore, beneficiaries of the project will be Dalit, poor, women, and different ethnic groups who do not have sufficient food for less than three months a year. This group of people is mostly dependent on off-farm activities such as collection fire wood from the jungle and sold it to the nearby market, collection of medicinal herbs such as Yarcha Gumba, Kutki, Panch aunle or other natural resources or migrate to India or other countries in search of jobs and work in the land lords’ house as a farm labour. All of such incomes generating activities are mostly meant for buying foods for the family.


Outputs level objectively verifiable indicators as indicated in the log frame are as follows:

• By 2014 some alternate varieties (at least one of each crop) each of naked barley, buckwheat and fox-tail millet developed

• By 2014 improved crop husbandry practices on naked barley, buckwheat and fox-tail millet cultivation developed

• By 2013 at least four community groups on seed production of these underutilized crops developed along with market linkage for sustainability of seed market in the area.

• At least 300 farmers and 4 CBOs have been provided training (at least 1 training for each crop) about improved cultivation practices and seed multiplication program of underutilized crops in the project site by 2014.

Up-scaling Pathways

Once successful land races of indigenous and underutilized crops are identified and outcome of the project will be shared among stakeholders in the stakeholders’ workshop. Different means of technology dissemination as uptake pathways will be used to disseminate the technology among the clients (farmers’ group, cooperatives, CBOs, extensionists, agrovets, and seed entrepreneurs). Successful messages will be broadcast from the local radios, leaflets, pamphlets and providing in built training programs of stakeholders concerned. District Agriculture Development Offices (DADO) and outreach research program under Agriculture Research Stations will be linked with seed multiplication program of indigenous and underutilized crops in place similar to the project of testing sites as extension messages to sustain food security in the food deficit regions. Agrovets and seed dealers will also be linked to upscale underutilized crops in food deficit regions. This will be followed by local development programs of District Development Committee. These institutions in the district will be engaged to provide training to the clientele. Training will be provided by the subject matter specialists of DADO and ARS so that village level seed self sufficiency programs could be launched in a joint efforts of CBOs and


government institutions to implement food self sufficiency program in the district. A workshop comprising of all stakeholders (farmers, CBOs, technicians, extensionists, medias i.e. print and electronics, will share the outcome of project in the third year in the stakeholders’ workshop will be organized to share and disseminate project outputs. Above all, uptake pathway of the project outputs will be implemented in a participatory and holistic approach involving all the stakeholders (farmers, extensionists, scientists, CBOs, cooperatives, agrovets, seed dealers, women’s group, government and non government agencies) along with the farmers’ group functioning in the VDcs. Thus, project outcome will be massively disseminated by the institution concerned to sustain food security in mid western hills of Nepal.


Targeted Outputs

1. Benchmark study of the project site A bench mark study will be done in the project to describe the site by formulation of questionnaires (structured, semi structured and open ended). It will be a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) technique comprised of multidisciplinary team of experts (Socio-economists, Agronomists, Seed technologists, Plant protectionists, extensionists and representative from CBOs and farmers’ group working in the site, and agro-entrepreneurs). Key informant survey (KIS) will also be carried out to triangulate the information gathered from primary and secondary source of information. Date will be analysed by using appropriate statistical tools. The information collected during the site description will be compared with the date obtained after completion of the project. On the basis of triangulations of information with respect to data collected before intervention and after completion of project in the site.

2. Germplasm collection and evaluation

Germplasm of underutilized crops such as naked barley, buckwheat, fox-tail millet, poroso-millet and other indigenous crops will be collected from the project site and nearby areas on the basis of local knowledge of the people. These Germplasms will be maintained at ARS, Jumla and replicated on-farm studies involving farmers, technicians and CBOs will be done. Participatory field experiments such as PVS (participatory variety selection), FAT (farmers’ acceptance test) minikits, will be conducted by the farmers in the project sites in collaboration with project staff. Field evaluations of such on-farm experiments will be done by multidisciplinary team involving farmer co-operators and progressive farmers both on-farm and on-station evaluation of underutilized food crops. Data will be analysed scientifically by using different tools such as frequency distribution, percentile and other simple statistical tools (frequency, percentile, means including SPSS, F-test, and descriptive statistics whatsoever are implacable)> The technical report will be presented in the stakeholders’ workshop.

3. Community based seed production (CBSP) systems

On the basis of field performance of these indigenous crops in question few of the best performing genotypes in the second year will be multiplied by community based seed production (CBSP) systems in the sites. Seeds collected from the best performing land races will be compared with existing improved varieties of other crops especially for nutritional status and yield performance. Date obtained from the on-farm/on-station experiments will be scientifically evaluated and presented in the stakeholders’ workshop. Also, economic analysis such as partial budgeting, dominance analysis and cost benefit analysis for the technology intervention on underutilized crops will be done and presented for convenience.

4. Uptake pathway of project findings

Once successful land races of indigenous and underutilized crops are identified and outcome of the project will be shared among stakeholders in the stakeholders’ workshop. Different means of technology dissemination as uptake pathways will be used to disseminate the technology among the clients (farmers’ group, cooperatives, CBOs, extensionists, agrovets, and seed entrepreneurs). Successful messages will be broadcast from the local radios, leaflets, pamphlets and providing in built training programs of stakeholders concerned. District Agriculture Development Offices (DADO) and outreach research program under Agriculture Research Stations will be linked with seed multiplication program of indigenous and underutilized crops in place similar to the


project of testing sites as extension messages to sustain food security in the food deficit regions. Agrovets and seed dealers will also be linked to upscale underutilized crops in food deficit regions. This will be followed by local development programs of District Development Committee. These institutions in the district will be engaged to provide training to the clientele. Training will be provided by the subject matter specialists of DADO and ARS so that village level seed self sufficiency programs could be launched in a joint efforts of CBOs and government institutions to implement food self sufficiency program in the district. A workshop comprising of all stakeholders (farmers, CBOs, technicians, extensionists, medias i.e. print and electronics, will share the outcome of project in the third year in the stakeholders’ workshop will be organized to share and disseminate project outputs. Above all, uptake pathway of the project outputs will be implemented in a participatory and holistic approach involving all the stakeholders (farmers, extensionists, scientists, CBOs, cooperatives, agrovets, seed dealers, women’s group, government and non government agencies) along with the farmers’ group functioning in the VDcs. Thus, project outcome will be massively disseminated by the institution concerned to sustain food security in mid western hills of Nepal.


Activity No.

Progress Status Remarks

1.1 Activity: Conduct baseline survey and stakeholders’ workshop by PRA technique in the project site. Baseline survey conducted

PRA survey and baseline survey conducted

1.2 Orientation workshop and germplasm collection from the site and their maintenance in the ARS Jumla.

Orientation workshop involving concerned stakeholders has organized

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects):

Twenty six naked barley germplasm collected and planted in observations for evaluation in the ARS Jumla.

Action required: As the naked barley germplasms, buckwheat germplasms are also o be collected and planted for further evaluation in ARS Jumla.


Project Title: PROMOTION OF LOW COST AND WATER SAVING

IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENHANCING SMALL FARMERS' PRODUCTIVITY IN BARA DISTRICT

Project No: 813/2010/11 Project Coordinator: Parashu Ram adhikari Address: Kathmandu -10, New Baneswor, Kathmandu, Nepal Telephone: 9841564804 (Cell) Fax: Email: [email protected] Collaborating organisations: 1. District Agri. Dev. Office (DADO) ,Bara

2. Under Ground Irrigation Committee, Branch Office (UGIC/BO), Parsa

3. Vikash Darpan, Bara

Start Date: October 2011 End Date: August 2013 Project Cost: NRs 2232613.00 (NRs 1998631.00 NARDF contribution) Location of Project: Central Development Region

Kabahi Jabdi, Madhuri Jabdi, Babuwain and Bariyarpur VDCs of Bara District

Project Summary

Terai is heart of national agricultural production. Bara is one of the crucial districts in agriculture. In the proposed VDCs, more than 90 percent of total populations rely primarily on agriculture to sustain their livelihoods but with uncertain rainfall for irrigation, resulted in decreased productivity. Modern irrigation technologies are increasingly seen as a means of addressing the water needs and have shown to have positive effects on yield, incomes, and food security. The development objective of the project is to introduce and promote low cost irrigation technologies to small farmers for diversified production and enhanced agricultural productivity. The proposed low-cost systems include easy drip technology, micro sprinklers, treadle pumps, and construction/rehabilitation of conservation ponds. The project will be implemented inclusively on participation, collaboration and gender equality and social inclusion basis. Smooth and wise operation of the project will achieve improving agricultural productivity and farmers’ income as well as enhanced livelihood conditions of the beneficiaries.

Background

Nepal is agricultural dominant country where agriculture supports about 33 percent of GDP of the country. Bara district is considered as heart of the agricultural production where more than 90 percent of total populations rely primarily on agriculture to sustain their livelihoods. Despite the role of agriculture in national economy, irrigation facilities are almost lacking and rural farmers are restricted to depend on rainfall for irrigating their land. It is obvious that monsoon starts later due to climate change that has resulted in decreased agricultural productivity. The farmers of the proposed VDCs have been facing severe draught since last five years. Effects of the draught are obvious on agricultural productivity and therefore, the household income level. Lack of proper and affordable irrigation systems for the small farmers has not only been creating gradual loss of the agricultural productivity but also decreasing on-farm employment for local youth resulting in their increased outside migration. Population is rapidly growing with no any increment in land


mass. The available land can not hold the population pressure and maintain family income level of farmers without diversification of agricultural crops with credible production growth.

Non-conventional (modern) irrigation technologies are increasingly seen as a means of addressing the growing competition for scarce water resources. Appropriate low-cost irrigation systems have shown to have positive effects on yield, incomes, and food security. Lack of awareness on the modern low cost irrigation technologies, socio-economic variables including food pattern and behaviours and prevailing poverty are the major factors hindering development and growth of low cost modern technologies in the proposed area. With the right support, these systems can help poor farmers improve productivity and ultimately their incomes. Project Purpose/Objectives

The overall goal of the project is to enhance livelihood status of small farmers through increased agricultural productivity and household income. Specific objectives of the project are to:

1. To increase the income and empowerment of the poor, women, disadvantaged and Dalit group members through low cost and water saving technologies.

2. To increase the production by introducing and promoting of high value crops and vegetables. Beneficiaries Total 240 small farmers who have less tan 10 katha of agriculture land, particularly traditionally excluded groups including Dalits; indigenous people like Tharu, religious minorities like Muslims, and woman headed family will be primary and foremost beneficiaries of the project. In addition, replication of best practices in neighboring communities will increase the number of indirect beneficiaries. We assured that 360 households can get indirect benefit from this project. Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs)

These following records can support for the verification of output • Group record, register and DADO record. • Baseline survey report • Trimester and final project report • Fund collected among beneficiaries and deposited in bank account • High value crop and vegetables cultivated at local level

Up-scaling Pathways By the end of the project, 240 HHs farmers were direct benefited and more than double numbers of other farmers were benefited indirectly by the horizontal impact of the program both in production, marketing and value addition of the produced commodities. Below mentioned figure 2 will clearly state the possible pathway for up scaling project outputs by the intended beneficiaries. This is itself an up-scaling type project which primarily focuses on empowering the small farmers in modern agriculture. It is obvious that increased access to irrigation facilities results in increased agricultural production and less amount of labor required ultimately increasing farmers’ income level. Increase of income level increases farmers interest and encourage them to


access loan for cultivation in additional land. In order to irrigate the additional land, farmers need the irrigation facilities that they upscale or uptake the technologies by the project. The demonstration and neighboring effect will also contribute to scaling up of the technology. Fig. 1. Figure 1: Potential pathway for up taking the technology by the beneficies Synopsis of Project Status These activities are completed within the proposed period

1. Inception workshop (1) 2. Group formation (10) 3. Site identification (130) 4. Video documentary preparation (on going) 5. Treadle pump connected with electric motor (12) 6. Manually operated Treadle pump (40) 7. Drip irrigation set (4) 8. Sprinkle irrigation set (12) 9. Pond rehabilitation (2)

Increased access to irrigation facility 240 HHs

Increased agricultural production Less labor required, money saved

Increased Income

Increased Farmers Interest Increased access to loan

Cultivation on additional land

Require increased number of Irrigation technology


10. Training on high value crops and vegetable ( on the Spot) -(1) 11. Agricultural inputs (Seeds, sprayers, crates) distribution (1) 12. Vegetable production technology(folder) -(1) 13. Fund rising meeting (Monthly) -(10) 14. Monitoring and evaluation (2)

Targeted Outputs: SN Programs/Activities Unit Numbers 1. Initial status of irrigation facilities within project area 1.1 Baseline survey No. 1 2. Project implementation 2.1 Inception workshop No. 1 2.2 Group formation No. 10 2.3 Site identification No. 130 2.4 Video documentary preparation No. 1 3. Installation of irrigation system 3.1 Treadle pump connected with electric motor Sets 12 3.2 Manually operated Treadle pump No. 100 3.3 Drip irrigation set No. 4 3.4 Sprinkle irrigation set No. 12 3.5 Pond rehabilitation No. 2 4. Training for farmers 4.1 Training on high value crops and vegetable ( on the Spot) Times 2 4.2 Training on repair and maintenance of irrigation related instruments and

machineries ( on the Spot) Times 1

4.3 Agricultural inputs (Seeds, sprayers, crates) distribution Times 3 5. Workshop 5.1 Workshop on vegetable trade promotion with marketing agents Times 1 6. Information, education and communication (IEC) materials production

and distribution

6.1 Vegetable production technology(folder) Times 1 7. Group strengthening and sustainable program 7.1 Farmer’s group registration No. 10 7.2 Fund rising meeting (Monthly) No./

month 1

8. Monitoring and evaluation Trimester 1 9. Impact study No. 1 10. Trimester and final report preparation Trimester 1



1. Baseline survey (1) Complete

2. Inception workshop (1) Complete

3. Group formation (10) Complete

4.Site identification (130) Identified

5. Video documentary preparation (on going) On going

6. Treadle pump connected with electric motor (12) Complete

7.Manually operated Treadle pump (40) Complete

8.Drip irrigation set (4) Complete

9.Sprinkle irrigation set (12) Complete

10.Pond rehabilitation (2) Complete

11.Training on high value crops and vegetable ( on the Spot) -1) Complete

12.Agricultural inputs (Seeds, sprayers, crates) distribution (1) Complete

13.Vegetable production technology(folder) -(1) Complete

14. Fund rising meeting (Monthly) -(10) Complete

15.Monitoring and evaluation (2) Complete

Achievements / Findings (in case of research projects) Its the development and income generating project where positive indication in production of cash and vegetable production have increasing.

FOREWORD - NARDF

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