experimental investigation on partial replacement of cement ...

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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 5, 2018, pp. 741 750, Article ID: IJCIET_09_05_082 May –Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=5 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316

© IAEME Publication Indexed Scopus

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH

MARBLE POWDER Vinodhini Ellappan, V. Amudhan, Prathik. E and Ebenezer Stephen. A

Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, India E-Mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Improving the properties of concrete by addition of waste marble powder is

becoming popular now a day because it helps in achieving the economy and is a superior alternative as concrete ingredient, which offers high strength. In this project we have investigated the chemical and physical characteristics of mortar and concrete

cubes made by partially replacing cement with concrete. Which showed improved strength characteristics. The optimum levels for replacement of cement by marble

powder was determined for M20 and M30 grades of concrete.

Keywords: Marble powder, mortar, concrete, compressive, Split, tensile strength. Cite this Article: Vinodhini Ellappan, V. Amudhan, Prathik. E and Ebenezer Stephen.

A, Experimental Investigation on Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Powder, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(5), 2018,

pp. 741 750. –

http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=5

1. INTRODUCTION The development of concrete era can reduce the consumption of natural and energy assets and thereby reduce the burden of pollution on surroundings. Currently large amounts of marble dust are being generated in stone processing plants which have crucial impact on atmosphere and people. This project describes the production of concrete by partially replacing cement

with marble powder. Initially mortar cubes for rich mix and lean mix containing different percentages of marble powder were casted and tested for compressive strength. A study has been carried out on the fresh concrete to determine the workability by slump test, from which the water cement ratio was determined and this value was further used to in casting concrete cubes containing marble powder, for M20 and M30 grades. The hardened concrete properties were tested for 7, 14, & 28 days.

Experimental Investigation on Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Powder


2. MATERIALS USED IN INVESTIGATION Cement (OPC 53 grade) Marble powder Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate Water

CEMENT Ordinary Portland cement, 53 grade conforming to IS 12269 was used. Its chemical properties are given in table 1.

Table 1 chemical properties of cement

Chemical composition Quantity (% by mass) Cao 61.5

Silica content 20.6 Al2O3 5.10 Fe2O3 3.90

Magnesia 3.00 Alkalies 0.35

SO3 2.10 Chloride 0.012

MARBLE POWDER It has been calculated that huge tons of Marble Dust Powder are being produced in the

process of quarrying worldwide. Disposal of this waste has become an environmental issue therefore it utilization of marble powder in concrete for improved harden properties. Marble is a metamorphic rock. It is composed of 100% CaCO3.Marble is used in construction and has a

good durability and aesthetic appearance. Chemically, marbles are composed mostly of calcite, dolomite or serpentine minerals. Marble dust powder is produced during the marble cutting

process, which is 20% of the total marble quarried. The limited availability of natural minerals in the production of cement pushes us to find alternatives for replacing cement,

thereby reducing emission of carbon dioxide production which is harmful for the environment. Advantages of using marble powder are as follows:

It acts as a filler and reduces voids. Increases the strength of concrete. Low Cost. Good binding.

FINE AGGREGATE In the present investigation, the river sand, available near Chennai, was used as fine aggregate conforming to zone II.

Vinodhini Ellappan, V. Amudhan, Prathik. E and Ebenezer Stephen. A


Figure 1 Gradation graph

MATERIAL TESTING The materials which were used for the experimental work was tested for compliance as per the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). The following tests were conducted on the material:

Table 2 Test conducted

Material Test Cement Marble Fine Aggregate Coarse aggregate

Specific Gravity

Sieve Analysis - -

Bulk Density - -

Ph Value - -

Table 3 Test results

Material Test Cement Marble Fine Coarse

Specific Gravity 3.08 2.51 2.81 2.76 Sieve Analysis - - 5.50 3.78 Bulk Density - 1.489 1.54 -

Ph Value 11.71 8.15 - -

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM ME

Objectives The main objectives are, To study the physical and chemical properties of marble powder. To study the performance of mortar and concrete cubes by partially replacing the

cement with marble powder. The experimental study on mortar cubes and concrete cubes with marble powder is

presented here. The specimens tested were of cement with and without marble



powder. A brief overview of the mix design, cube testing and casting of specimens is discussed. In the current investigation 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% of cement was replaced with marble powder in the casting of mortar cubes and concrete cubes (M20 and M30 grade).

Casting and curing Mortar cubes of size 70.6 x 70.6 x 70.6mm with and without marble powder were

casted. Mix of ratio 1:3 and 1:5 was adopted. Cubes, cylinders and beams of M20 and M30 grade were casted with and without

marble powder. Replacement of cement with marble powder of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of

cement was adopted. Different water cement ratios of 0.35, 0.4 and 0.45 were adopted for each mix.

Test Results (Cement Mortar Cubes) Below Tables show the variation of compressive strength of mortar cube of mix ratio

1:3 and 1:5 for 0.35, 0.4 and 0.45 w/c ratio with and without marble powder.

Table 4.1Compressive strength of mortar cube with and without marble powder (0.35 w/c)

SL. No Mix ratio Curing Days Marble Powder

0% 10% 15% 20% Compressive strength

1. 1:3 7 2.97 0.72 1.85 1.26 2. 1:3 14 5.13 6.55 2.53 5.16

Figure 1 Test results for Compressive strength of 7 and 14 days (0.35 w/c) for 1:3 mix ratio.

Table 4.2 Compressive strength of mortar cube with and without marble powder (0.4 w/c)



1. 1:3 7 5.23 1.94 3.7 3.19 2. 1:3 14 6.13 6.27 8.09 6.44

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compressive strength vs percentage

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1. 1:3 7 4.43 2.99 5.11 2.7 2. 1:3 14 7.68 6.13 9.78 6.17





1. 1:5 7 1.09 1.06 1.08 0.43 2. 1:5 14 5.55 2.11 1.27 0.61

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compressive strength vs percentage replacement

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1. 1:5 7 1.84 1.97 2.32 1.66 2. 1:5 14 2.60 2.71 1.16 1.39





1. 1:5 7 3.53 2.67 2.29 1.98 2. 1:5 14 3.77 3.31 2.1 2.09

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compressive strength vs percentage replacement

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Figure 6 Test results for Compressive strength of 7 and 14 days (0.45 w/c) for 1:5 mix ratio

Test Results (Concrete Cubes) M20 and M30 grade concrete cubes were cast, which replaces (10%, 20%, 30%) of cement by

marble powder. The cube specimens of size 150mm X 150mm X 150mm are tested by compression testing machine on 7,14 and 28 days of curing.

Table 5.1 Compressive strength of M20 grade concrete cubes

SL. No Curing Days

Compressive Strength Marble Powder

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 1. 7 15 12.3 13.5 13.7 13.4 2. 14 19 20.1 19.3 18.6 19.2 3. 28 20 23.7 24.4 22.9 28.3

Figure 5.1 Compressive strength (M20) Table 5.2 Compressive strength of M30 grade concrete cubes

SL. No Curing Days

Compressive Strength Marble Powder

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 1. 7 18 20.8 30.7 29.7 24.4 2. 14 23 25.2 34.4 32.7 27.4 3. 28 28 33.1 36.7 34 28.7

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Figure 5.2 Compressive strength (M30)

Table 5.3 Split tensile Strength of M20 grade concrete Cylinder

SL. No Curing Days

Split tensile Strength Marble Powder

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 1. 7 13.5 12.1 12 12.2 12 2. 14 17 18 20 21 18 3. 28 21 21 24 22 20

Figure 5.3 Split tensile strength (M20)

Table 5.4 Split tensile Strength of M30 grade concrete Cylinder

SL. No Curing Days

Split tensile Strength Marble Powder

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 1. 7 18 13.1 13.2 13.4 13.6 2. 14 23 23.2 23.4 23.3 23 3. 28 28 33.4 33.6 33 31



Figure 5.4 Split tensile strength (M30)

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSI ON

General Observations Compressive strength of concrete is tested on cube at different percentage of marble

powder content in concrete. The strength of concrete has been tested on cube at 7 days curing and 14 days. 7 days test has been conducted to check the gain in initial strength of concrete. 14 days test gives the data of final strength of concrete at 14 days curing.

Compression testing machine is used for testing the compressive strength test on concrete. At the time of testing the cube is taken out of water and dried and then tested keeping the smooth faces in upper and lower part.

The Compressive strength of Cubes are increased with addition of waste marble powder up to 10% replace by weight of cement and further any addition of waste

marble powder the compressive strength decreases. Mechanical behavior of concrete cubes prepared without chemical admixtures was

studied by compressive tests (Grade M20and curing time of 7 days and 14 days. It can be noticed that 10% replacement of cement with marble dust in mild condition and 20% replacement of cement with marble dust in mild condition, are showing increase in compressive strength.

5. CONCLUSIONS The following conclusions can be made on the basis of the experiments conducted on

the concrete cube specimens. Up to 20% replacement of cement with waste marble there is increase in all

mechanical properties. 2) The replacement of 20% of cement with waste marble powder attains maximum

compressive strength. The optimum percentage for replacement of marble powder with cement and it is

almost 20% cement for both cubes. To minimize the costs for construction with usage of marble powder which is freely or

cheaply available; more importantly. To realm of saving the environmental pollution by cement production; being our main

objective as Civil Engineers.



COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH In M20 concrete 20% replacement gained maximum strength. In M30 concrete 10% replacement gained maximum strength. In M30 concrete 15% & 20% replacement strength reduced on 28th day. –

Therefore, M30 10% gives good strength

FLEXURAL STRENGTH In M20 concrete 10% replacement gained maximum strength. In M30 concrete 15% replacement gained maximum strength. On average 15% gives good strength.

SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH In M20 concrete 15% replacement gained maximum strength. In M30 concrete 20% replacement gained maximum strength. In M30 15% gives good strength.

REFERENCES

[1] V.M. Sounthararajan and A. Siva kumar (2013) Effect of the lime content in marble “powder for p Int. Journal of Engineering Research and roducing high strength concrete” , Applications, ISSN 1819-6608.PP 260-264.

[2] Manju Pawar et.al (2014) Feasibility and need of use of waste marble powder in concrete production. ISSN No. 2349-943435.PP 1-6.

[3] Corinaldesi V, Moriconi G, Naik TR, (2010), ―Characterization of marble powder for its use in mortar and concrete‖, Const. Build. Mat., 24, pp 113-117.

[4] Vaidevi C (2013) Study on marble dust as partial replacement of cement in concrete .ISSN 2319 7757.PP14-16. –

[5] Baboo Rai, et.al (2011) Influence of Marble powder/granules in Concrete mix. ISSN 0976 – 4399, PP 827-834.

[6] Abdullah Anwar et.al (2014) Study of Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust Powder. ISSN (Print): 2321-5747.

[7] Md.Gulfam Pathan, Veena Pathan, “feasibility and Need of use of waste marble powder in

concrete production’s Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineerin vol 6 pp 23-26 2011. [8] P.A Shirul, Ataur Rahman, Rakesh D. gupta,“Partial replacement of cement with Marble

dust powder “International journal of research and studies vol 1, June 2012. [9] Aalok D. Sakalkale, G.D. Dhawale, R.S.Kedar (2014) “Experimental study on use of

waste marble dust in concrete”, IJERA, Vol. 4, Issue 10 (Part 6), pp 44-50. [10] Jashandeepsingh, R.S.Bansal (2015) “Partial replacement of cement with waste powder

with M25 grade”, IJTRA, Vol. 3, issue 2, pp 202-205. [11] Muddana Mounika and Kallempudi Murali, Development of Low Calcium Fly-Ash Based

Geopolymer Concrete Using Marble Powder, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(3), 2018, pp. 815 823. –

[12] B. P. R. V. S. Priyatham, D. V. S. K. Chaitanya and Bimalendu Dash. Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Powder And Fine Aggregate with Quarry Dust, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(6), 2017, pp. 774 781. –

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