Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force ...

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force

Base, Jalandhar, Punjab

Project Proponent

Airport Authority of India Adampur, Jalandhar – 144106, Punjab

NABET Accredited Environmental Consultant

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Table of Contents

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited i

Table of Contents

Declaration by ABC Techno Labs

Declaration by Experts

Undertaking by Airports Authority of India (AAI)

Compliance of Specific TOR

Compliance of Standard TOR

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Preamble 1-1

1.2 Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave 1-2

1.3 Need and Process of Environmental Clearance 1-3

1.4 Regulatory Compliance Requirement 1-3

1.5 Terms of Reference (TOR) 1-4

1.6 Location of Proposed Civil Enclave 1-10

1.7 Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Report 1-15

CHAPTER 2 : DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1 Introduction 2-1

2.2 Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur 2-1

2.3 Project Site Details of Proposed Civil Enclave 2-1

2.3 Master Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave 2-1

2.4 Scope for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur 2-4

2.5 Cutting & Filling 2-8

2.6 Proposed Terminal Building 2-8

2.7 GRIHA Rating for Proposed Terminal Building 2-8

2.8 Raw Materials Requirements for Project 2-8

2.9 Parking Facilities and Traffic Circulation Plan 2-11

2.10 Drainage Plan for Site 2-11

2.11 Fire Fighting Facilities 2-11

2.12 Power Requirement 2-11

2.12.1 Diesel Storage for DG sets Operations 2-11

2.13 HVAC Requirement 2-11

2.13.1 Design Considerations 2-12

2.13.2 Energy Efficient 2-12

2.13.3 Flexibility 2-12

2.13.4 Control System 2-13

2.13.5 System design (Ventilation & Miscellaneous) 2-13

2.13.6 Building Management System (BMS) 2-13

2.14 Construction Materials 2-13

2.15 Cargo Handling at Proposed Civil Enclave 2-13

2.15.1 Acceptance of Cargo 2-14

2.15.2 Cargo Manifesting 2-15

2.15.3 Dangerous Goods 2-15

2.15.4 Handling of Toxic (RPB) and Infectious Substances (RIS) 2-16

2.15.5 Perishable Cargo 2-17

2.15.6 Disposal of Unclaimed or Leaked Cargo 2-18

2.16 Water Requirement and Its Management 2-18


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2.16.1 Total Water Required 2-19

2.16.2 Sources of Water 2-21

2.16.3 Water Distributions Pipe and Fittings 2-21

2.16.4 Disposal of Treated Waste Water 2-21

2.17 Sources of Pollution and Its Control 2-22

2.18 Connectivity 2-22

2.19 Project Cost and Time Schedule for Completion 2-22

2.20 Manpower Requirement 2-23

CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT


3.2 Topography and Physiography 3-1

3.3 Geology of The Area 3-1

3.4 Soil of the Study Area 3-2

3.4.1 Soil Characteristics 3-2

3.5 Hydrogeology of the Study Area 3-6

3.5.1 Hydrogeological Set-up 3-6

3.5.2 Water Level Behavior 3-7

3.6 Water Resources and Quality 3-10

3.6.1 Surface Water Resources 3-10

3.6.2 Ground Water Resources 3-11

3.6.3 Ground Water Quality in Study Area 3-11

3.6.4 Surface Water Quality in Study Area 3-22

3.7 Climatology and Meteorology 3-25

3.7.1 Introduction 3-25

3.7.2 Climatology 3-25

3.7.3 Micro Meteorological Data for the Site 3-31

3.8 Ambient Air Quality 3-32


3.8.2 Methodology of Monitoring and Analysis 3-33

3.8.3 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 3-36

3.8.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3-38

3.8.5 Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3-42

3.8.6 Ambient Air Quality Status 3-44

3.9 Ambient Noise Levels 3-54


3.9.2 Methodology 3-54

3.9.3 Equivalent Sound Energy Level or Leq 3-54

3.9.4 Day and Night Time Leq Noise levels 3-55

3.10 Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk 3-57

3.10.1 Seismo-Tectonic/Earthquake 3-57

3.11 Land Use & Land Cover through Satellite Imagery Interpretation 3-58

3.12 Traffic Survey on the Approach Roads to Civil Enclave Site 3-60

3.13 Biological Environment 3-62


3.13.2 Vegetation in the Study Area 3-62

3.13.3 Common Crops Plants 3-63

3.13.4 Plants Around Crop Field Area 3-63

3.13.5 Fruits Trees 3-63


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3.13.6 Vegetation In Settlements 3-63

3.13.7 Ornamental Plants 3-64

3.13.8 Shrubs 3-64

3.13.9 Fauna in Study Area 3-64

3.13.10 Rare, Endangered and Threatened Species 3-68

3.13.11 National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary 3-68

3.14 Socio-Economic Environment 3-68


3.14.2 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Jalandhar District 3-68

3.14.3 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Hoshiarpur District 3-71

3.14.4 Demographics Details of the Settlements in the Study Area 3-73

3.14.5 Socio-Economic Status of the Study Area 3-74

3.14.6 Living Standards and Infrastructure 3-75

3.15 Living Standards and Infrastructure 3-76

CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES


4.2 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Pre-Construction Phase

4-4

4.3 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase 4-5

4.3.1 Topography & Physiography 4-5

4.3.2 Land Use Pattern 4-6

4.3.3 Soil Quality 4-7

4.3.4 Drainage Pattern 4-8

4.3.5 Flood as Natural Disaster 4-9

4.3.6 Water Resources 4-10

4.3.7 Water Quality 4-11

4.3.8 Ambient Air Quality 4-12

4.3.9 Noise Levels 4-14

4.3.10 Terrestrial Ecology 4-17

4.3.11 Occupational Safety and Health 4-18

4.3.12 Socio-Economic Environment 4-19

4.4 Operation Phase 4-21

4.4.1 Topography and Physiography 4-22

4.4.2 Water Resources 4-22


4.4.4 Soil 4-24

4.4.5 Ambient Air Quality 4-25

4.4.5.1 Air Pollution Modelling 4-28

4.4.5.2 Source Characteristics 4-29

4.4.5.3 Atmosphere Stability 4-29

4.4.5.4 Mixing Height 4-29

4.4.5.5 Presentation of Result 4.29


4.4.7 Traffic Management and Parking Facilities 4-38

4.4.8 Terrestrial Ecology 4-39

4.4.9 Heritage Structures 4-39

4.4.10 Occupational Hazards and Safety 4-40


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4.4.11 Impacts to Socio-Economic Environment 4-42

CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES


5.2 Alternative of Project Site 5-1

5.3 Alternative for Proposed Terminal Building 5-2

5.4 Alternative for Energy Conservation Measures 5-2

5.5 Alternative for Green Building 5-3

5.6 Sanitary Fixtures And Toilet Accessories 5-3

CHAPTER 6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

6.1 Statutory Compliance /Returns 6-1

6.2 Environmental Monitoring 6-1

6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring 6-2

6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring 6-2

6.2.3 Noise Levels Monitoring 6-2

6.2.4 Soil 6-6

6.3 Environmental Reporting System 6-8

6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost 6-9

CHAPTER 7 : ADDITIONAL STUDY : RISK ASSESSMENT AND DMP


7.2 Approach for the Risk Analysis 7-1

7.3 Hazard Identification 7-2


7.3.2 Identification of Hazards Due to Storage of HSD for DG Sets Operation 7-2

7.3.3 Identification of Hazards Based on MSIHC Rule, 2000 7-3

7.3.3.1 Hazardous Conditions 7-4

7.3.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) 7-7

7.3.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis 7-7

7.3.6 Risk Mitigation Measures 7-12

7.4 Disaster Management Plan 7-12

7.4.1 Objective of Emergency Planning 7-13

7.4.2 Categorization of Emergencies 7-13

7.4.3 Key Functions of Airport Director and Other Supporting Organizations/Agencies/Services for mitigation of emergency at the proposed civil enclave at Adampur

7-14

7.4.4 Emergency Operations/Coordination Centers Established for Mitigation of Emergencies

7-15

7.4.5 Media Management 7-18

7.4.6 Emergency Procedures 7-18

7.4.6.1 Fires on the Ground (Aircraft Related Fires Occurring in Aircraft Movement Areas)

7-18

7.4.6.2 Fires on the Ground (Fires Involving at Proposed Civil Enclave, i.e. Non-Aircraft Related Fires)

7-19

7.5 Training and Education 7-20

7.6 Mock Drills and Exercises 7-21


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7.7 Updating of Emergency Plan 7-22

7.8 Social Impact Assessment and R&R Action Plan 7-23

CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 General 8-1

8.2 Direct and Indirect Benefits 8-1

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN


9.2 Environmental Management Measures 9-1

9.2.1 Soil 9-1


9.2.3 Solid Waste Management 9-15

9.2.4 Air Quality 9-16


9.2.6 Vehicle Parking and Traffic Management 9-19

9.2.7 Measures and Materials used for Reduction in Carbon Foot Print 9-19

9.2.8 Rain Water Harvesting 9-25

9.2.9 Green Belt and Landscape Plan for proposed Civil Enclave 9-27

9.2.10 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment 9-30

9.2.11 Fire Protection Measures 9-30

9.3 Environmental Management Plan 9-31

9.3.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) 9-31

9.3.2 Training 9-35

9.3.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism 9-51

9.3.4 Reporting and Monitoring System 9-51

9.4 Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives 9-53

9.5 Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan 9-54

CHAPTER 10: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS


10.2 Description of Project 10-1

10.2.1 Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave 10-1

10.2.2 Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave 10-2

10.3 Description of Environment 10-3

10.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures 10-4

10.5 Analysis of Alternatives 10-8

10.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan 10-8

10.7 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan 10-8

10.8 Project Benefits 10-9

10.9 Environmental Management Plan 10-9

CHAPTER 11: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

11.1 Disclosure of Consultant Engaged 11-1

11.2 Expertise of ABC Techno Lab India Private Limited 11-2

11.3 NABET Accredited Environmental Experts Team for EIA Study 11-3


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LIST OF TABLES

CHAPTER 2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Table 2.1 Area Statement for Proposed Civil Enclave 2-4

Table 2.2 Estimated Manpower Requirement for Proposed Civil Enclave 2-23


Table 3.1 Soil Sampling Locations 3-2

Table 3.2 Soil Characteristics of the Study Area 3-5

Table 3.3 Ground and Surface Water Sampling Locations 3-12

Table 3.4 Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water 3-13

Table 3.5 Ground Water Quality in the Study Area during Study Period 3-19

Table 3.6 Analysis Results of Surface Water Samples 3-23

Table 3.7 Highest and Lowest Temperatures in the Area 3-26

Table 3.8 Rainfall data for The Area 3-27

Table 3.9 Wind Speed in the Area 3-29

Table 3.10 Wind Direction in the Area 3-29

Table 3.11 Special Weather Phenomena in the Area 3-30

Table 3.12 Summary of Micrometeorological Conditions at the site 3-31

Table 3.13 Techniques Used For Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3-36

Table 3.14 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 3-37

Table 3.15 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations 3-39

Table 3.16 Ambient Air Quality at Project Site (Damunda) (AAQM 1) 3-45

Table 3.17 Ambient Air Quality at Adampur (AAQM 2) 3-46

Table 3.18 Ambient Air Quality at Kandola (AAQM3) 3-47

Table 3.19 Ambient Air Quality at Darolikalan (AAQM4) 3-48

Table 3.20 Ambient Air Quality at Darolikhurd (AAQM5) 3-49

Table 3.21 Ambient Air Quality at Ghurial (AAQM6) 3-50

Table 3.22 Ambient Air Quality at Pandori Nijjaram (AAQM7) 3-51

Table 3.23 Ambient Air Quality at Hirapur Rorowala (AAQM8) 3-52

Table 3.24 Summary of Ambient Air Quality for The Study Area 3-53

Table 3.25 Noise Levels Monitoring Stations in the Study Area 3-55

Table 3.26 Day and Night time Leq for Ambient Noise Levels 3-56

Table 3.27 Landuse and Land Cover for 10 km Study Area 3-58

Table 3.28 Traffic Study on Adampur to Hoshiarpur– Phagwara Road 3-60

Table 3.29 Traffic Study in Jalandhar – Hoshiarpur Road 3-61

Table 3.30 List of Tree, Small Trees, Shrubs and Herbs and Grasss Species 3-65

Table 3.31 Fauna in the Study Area 3-67

Table 3.32 Demographic & Occupational Pattern of Jalandhar District 3-69

Table 3.33 Demographic & Occupational Pattern of Hoshiarpur District 3-71

Table 3.34 Demographic Details of the Study Area 3-77

Table 3.35 Occupational Pattern of the Study Area 3-81

CHAPTER 4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Table 4.1 Impact Assessment Rating Matrix 4-3

Table 4.2 Impact Assessment Rating Matrix 4-4


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Table 4.3 Typical Noise Levels of Construction Equipment 4-15

Table 4.4 Noise Modelling Results 4-16

Table 4.5 Estimated Aircraft Emissions for Civil Enclave at Adampur 4-26

Table 4.6 Emissions From DG Set Stack 4-27

Table 4.7 Estimated Vehicular Emission at the Proposed Civil Enclave 4-28

Table 4.8 Total Emission Sources and Emission Rates 4-28

Table 4.9 Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations 4-30

Table 4.10 Noise Levels and Area of Influence 4-36

CHAPTER 6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Table 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

6-7

Table 6.2 Cost of Environmental Monitoring 6-10

CHAPTER 7 : ADDITIONAL STUDY : RISK ASSESSMENT AND DMP

Table 7.1 Damage Effects due to Overpressures 7-6

Table 7.2 Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures 7-6

Table 7.3 Selected Scenarios for Consequence Calculations 7-8


Table 9.1 Design Calculation for MBBR Technology based STP (50kl/d) 9-4

Table 9.2 Bill of Materials for 100 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted SPVPP 9-22

Table 9.3 Details of Solar Module 9-23

Table 9.4 Rainwater Harvesting Calculations for Proposed Civil Enclave 9-26

Table 9.5 The List of Trees for Green Belt/Plantation 9-27

Table 9.6 The List of Shrubs Landscaping 9-27

Table 9.7 Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

9-36

Table 9.8 Budget for Implementation of Environmental Management Plan 9-55

CHAPTER 11 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

Table 11.1 NABET Accredited Team for EIA Study 11-3


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LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Figure 1.1 Index Map of Proposed Civil Enclave 1-11

Figure 1.2 10 Km Study Area on Google for Proposed Civil Enclave 1-12

Figure 1.3 10 Km Study Area for Proposed Project on SOI Toposheet 1-13

CHAPTER 2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2.1 Site Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur 2-2

Figure 2.2 Site Plan on Google Map for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur 2-3

Figure 2.3 Ground Floor Plan of Proposed Terminal Building 2-9

Figure 2.4 First Floor Plan of Proposed Terminal Building 2-10

Figure 2.5 Water Balance Diagram for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur 2-20


Figure 3.1 Soil Sampling Locations of the Study Area 3-4

Figure 3.2 Hydrogeological Map of The Jalandhar District 3-6

Figure 3.3 Pre-monsoon Period Depth to Water in the District 3-7

Figure 3.4 Post-monsoon Period Depth to Water in the District 3-8

Figure 3.5 Seasonal Fluctuation of Ground Water in the District 3-9

Figure 3.6 Ground & Surface Water Sampling Locations 3-18

Figure 3.7 Maximum and Minimum Temperature 3-27

Figure 3.8 Monthly Relative Humidity 3-27

Figure 3.9 Rainfall Data for The Area 3-28

Figure 3.10 Monthly Rainy Days 3-28

Figure 3.11 Monthly Wind Speed In the Area 3-29

Figure 3.12 Day Time Wind Rose Diagram of the Study Area 3-34

Figure 3.13 Night Time Wind Rose Diagram of the Study Area 3-35

Figure 3.14 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations of the Study Area 3-41

Figure 3.15 Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area 3-44

Figure 3.16 Noise Monitoring Locations of the Study Area 3-56

Figure 3.17 Graphical Presentation of Day & Night Time Noise 3-57

Figure 3.18 Earthquake Damage Risk Zone for Proposed Civil Enclave 3-58

Figure 3.19 FCC of Satellite Imagery for Study Area 3-59

Figure 3.20 Landuse and Land Cover of the Study Area Through Satellite Imagery

3-60

CHAPTER 4:ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Figure 4.1 Attenuation of Noise from Source during Construction 4-16

Figure 4.2 Predicted Level Concentrations for SO2 4-32

Figure 4.3 Predicted Level Concentrations for NO2 4-33

Figure 4.4 Predicted Level Concentrations for PM 4-34

CHAPTER 7 : RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN


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Figure 7.1 Thermal Radiation Radii from Spreading Pool Fire 7-10

Figure 7.2 Flash Fire Envelope Distances 7-11


Figure 9.1 Schematic Diagram for MBBR Based Sewage Treatment Plant 9-17

Figure 9.2 Vehicle Parking and Traffic Management Plan 9-20

Figure 9.3 Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design for Proposed Civil Enclave 9-29

Figure 9.4 Landscaping Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave 9-30

Figure 9.5 Organogram for Environmental Management Cell 9-33

Annexure: Annexure 1: Copy of TOR approved by MoEF&CC

Annexure 2: Details of Public Hearing Conducted by PPCB on 28 Nov 2018 for Adampur

Civil Enclave

Annexure 3: MOU of AAI and Govt of Punjab for Supply of Water and Road for Proposed

Adampur Civil Enclave

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EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab TOR Compliance

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Compliance of Terms of Reference issued by MOEF&CC, New Delhi,

MOEF vide F. No. 10-61/2017-IA-Ill dated 7th December 2017 during

24th meeting of EAC (Infra-2) held on 30-31 October, 2017

Sn. TOR Points Compliance

i. Importance and benefits of the

project

Section 1.2 (Page 1-2) of Chapter 1

and Section 8.2 (Page 8-1) of Chapter

8 of the EIA Report.

ii. A toposheet of the study area of

radius of 10km and site location on

1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an

A3/A2 sheet (including ail eco-

sensitive areas

and environmentally sensitive

places).

The study area of radius of 10km on

Survey of India Toposheet is given in

Section 1.6 (Page 1-9) and Figure 1.4

(Page 1-13) of Chapter 1.

iii. Layout maps of proposed project

indicating runway, airport building,

parking, greenbelt area, utilities

etc.

Layout Maps of proposed civil enclave

are given in Figure 2.1 to 2.4 of

Chapter 2 (Page 2-2 to 2-10)

iv. Cost of project and time of

completion.

Total estimated cost of the proposed

civil enclave is Rs. 105 Crores. Refer

Section 2.17 of Chapter 2 (Page 2-21).

v. An assessment of Airport Noise

and conformity to existing

guidelines and rules

The compliance of noise standards

prescribed will be ensured by Airlines

Operators by the ICAO during

operation of aircrafts by preventive

maintenance and monitoring.

Assessment of noise impact has been

carried out and presented in Section

4.4.6 of Chapter 4 of EIA Report (Page

4-35).

vi. A Justification on land

requirements and its conformity to

Civil Aviation Norms and guidelines

Land requirement for the proposed

Civil Enclave is as per essential facilities

required for aircraft, taxing, apron

(parking), ground support equipment,

terminal building, parking, traffic

management, etc. Area Statement for

Proposed Civil Enclave is given in Table


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2.1 of Chapter 2 of the EIA report

(Page 2-4).

vii. EIA Report will give a justification

of the land requirements for the

project. it will also provide the

guideline, if any developed by the

Airport Authority of India

regarding land requirement for

airports in India and the

conformity status with regards to

the land provisions proposed.

Land requirement for the proposed

Civil Enclave is as per essential facilities

required for aircraft, taxing, apron

(parking), ground support equipment,

terminal building, parking, traffic

management, etc. Area Statement for

Proposed Civil Enclave is given in Table

2.1 of Chapter 2 of the EIA report

(Page 2-4).

viii. A major part of the project land is

reserve forest. The status of the

clearance should be provided

along with the details of

compensatory forestation and its

impact on the nearest Wildlife

Sanctuary.

Not applicable to the project as there is

no forest land involved in the site for

proposed civil enclave at Adampur.

Land free from incumbrance has been

handed over to Airports Authority of

India (AAI) by State Govt. Details are

given in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 of the

EIA report (Page 2-1).

ix. A management plan for the

conservation of the top soil in the

cut and fill operations proposed.

Area has a contour difference of

about 20 m hence management of

levelling and surplus /deficit of

earth be given including Top soil

preservation.

Top soil management plan is given in

Section 9.2.1 (Page 9-1) and Table 9.7

(Page 9-36) of Chapter 9 of the EIA

Report.

(x) Details of environmental problems,

compliance status and

improvement plans, if any for the

existing airport which is planned to

be retailed.

Not applicable as proposed Civil

enclave at Adampur is green field civil

enclave.

(xi) A note on appropriate process and

materials to be used to encourage

reduction in carbon foot print.

Optimize use of energy systems in

buildings that should maintain a

specified indoor environment

Details of reduction in carbon foot

print, Energy conservation measures,

solar power generation are given in

Section 9.2.7 of Chapter 9 (Page 9-19).

More than 30% energy saving is

planned for the proposed civil enclave.


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conducive to the functional

requirements of the building by

following mandatory compliance

measures (for all applicable

buildings) as recommended in the

Energy conservation building code

(ECBC) 2007 of the Bureau of

Energy Efficiency, Government of

India. The energy system includes

air conditioning systems, indoor

lighting systems, water heaters, air

heaters and air circulation devices.

(xii) Electro mechanical doors to be

explored for the toilets meant for

disabled persons.

Separate toilets will be provided for

disabled persons and attendant will be

available all the time. Same practice is

being followed at other civil

enclaves/airports.

(xiii) Details of emission, effluents, solid

waste and hazardous waste

generation and their management.

Air quality modelling and noise

modelling shall be carried out for

the emissions from various types

of aircraft.

Details of emission, effluents, solid

waste and hazardous waste generation

and their management is given in

Section 2.17 of Chapter 2 of EIA Report

(Page 2-21).

Air quality modelling and noise

modelling for the emissions from

various types of aircraft is given in

Section 4.4.5 (Page 4.25) and Section

4.4.6 (Page 4.35) of Chapter 4 EIA

Report.

xiv Approval from competent

authorities for end disposal of

municipal solid waste, construction

and demolition wastes, hazardous

waste, plastic waste, e-waste as

Waste Management Rules 2016.

Used oil from maintenance of DG sets

engines and construction equipment

will be collected separately in drums

and will be handed over to the

authorized used oil recyclers by the

Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB)

as per the CPCB guidelines. e-wastes

generated at the civil enclave will be

collected and disposed to authorized e-

waste recyclers as per e-Waste


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Management Rules 2016. Details are

given in Section 4.3.3 ((Page 4.7)) of

Chapter 4 of the EIA report.

xv. Approval from competent

authorities for provision of the

sewerage system.

From the proposed Civil Enclave, 36 kl

sewage will be generated, which will be

treated in 50 kld capacity MBBR based

sewage treatment plant. Treated waste

water from STP will be used for

flushing and greenery development at

the proposed Civil Enclave. There will

be zero discharge of treated waste

water from the proposed Civil Enclave.

Details are given in Section 2.16 of

Chapter 2 (Page 2.18) and Section

9.2.2 of Chapter 9 (Page 9.2) of the

EIA Report.

xvi. Approved construction and

demolition waste management

plan as per construction and

Demolition Waste Management

Rules 2016.

No demolition wastes will not be

generated, as the project is green field

project. Construction wastes like metal

cutting, glass, aluminum pipes and

sheets etc, will be sent for recycling.

Small quantity of construction debris

generated from construction site will

be used for filling at the site.

Management of construction debris will

be as per Construction and Demolition

Waste Management Rules, 2016.

Details are given in Section 4.3.3 of

Chapter 4 of the EIA report (Page 4-7).

xvii. Classify all Cargo handled as

perishable, explosive, solid,

petroleum products, Hazardous

Waste, Hazardous Chemical,

Potential Air Pollutant, Potential

Water Pollutant etc. and put up a

handling and disposal

management plan.

Details of Cargo Handling at the

Proposed Civil Enclave are given in

Section 2.15 of Chapter 2 of the EIA

report (Page 2-13).


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xviii. Noise monitoring shall be carried

out in the funnel area of flight

path.

Noise monitoring was carried in funnel

area of flying path and the study area.

Same has been given in Section 3.9

and Table 3.27 of Chapter 3 (Page 3-

54).

xix.

Requirement of water, power, with

source of supply and status of

approval for water supply from

competent authority quantitively

specifying the KLD of approved

water supply of the project.

Requirement of water, power, with

source of supply, status of approval,

water balance diagram are given in

Section 2.16 of Chapter 2 (Page 2-18).

As per MOU dated 16 Dec 2016 with

State Govt Water will be provided by

State Govt.

xx. Requirement of power with source

of supply and approval for

electricity supply from competent

authority.

Total power requirement is estimated

as 175 kW for the proposed terminal

building and other facilities at the

proposed civil enclave at Adampur.

During operation phase, one DG set of

150 kVA capacity and one standby

fitted with acoustic enclosure will be

installed for emergency power

generation during grid power failure.

Details are given in Section 2.10 of

Chapter 2 of the EIA report(Page 2-

11). As per MOU with State Govt.,

electricity connection will be provided

by Punjab State Power Corporation

Limited (PSPCL).

xxi. Manpower Requirement (Regular and Contract)

Details of man-power requirement

(regular and contract) are given in

Section 2.20 and Table 2.2 of Chapter

2 of EIA report (Page 2-23).

xxii. Water Bodies should not be disturbed.

No water body is flowing at the site or

in the vicinity of the proposed civil

enclave. Therefore, no water body will

be disturbed due to the proposed

project.


ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-vi


xxiii. The EIA should specifically address

to vehicular traffic management as

well as estimation of vehicular

parking area.

Details of vehicular traffic management

as well as estimation of vehicular

parking area are given in Section 4.4.7

of Chapter 4 (Page 4-38)and in Section

9.2.6 and Figure 9.2 of Chapter 9 (Page

9-19) of EIA Report.

xxiv. A detailed traffic management and

traffic decongestion plan, to

ensure that the current level of

services of the roads within 05 kms

radius of the project site is

maintained and improved upon,

shall be drawn up through an

organization of repute and

specializing in transport planning.

This should be based on

cumulative impact of all

development and increased

inhabitation being carried out or

proposed to be carried out by the

project or other agencies in this 05

kms radius from the site under

different scenarios of space and

time and shall be implemented to

the satisfaction of the State Urban

Development and Transport

Departments with the consent of

all the concerned implementing

agencies.

The proposed civil enclave at Adampur

will be approached through Adampur

to Hoshiarpur– Phagwara Road and

then through Jalandhar- Hoshiarpur

Section of NH-70. As per MoU State

Govt will provide connectivity to

proposed civil enclave. Therefore,

during the study period, traffic survey

was carried at Adampur – Hoshiarpur

road and Jalandhar- Hoshiarpur

Section NH 70 and presented in Section

3.12 of Chapter 3 of EIA Report (Page

3-60).

xxv. Details of fuel tank farm and its

risk assessment

At proposed Civil Enclave, there will not

be any fuel tank farm. HSD will be

stored in day tank of DG sets and

barrels as per requirement. Refer sub

Section 2.12 of Chapter 2(Page 2-11).

Risk assessment and Disaster

Management Plan for the proposed

civil enclave is given in Chapter 7.


ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-vii


xxvi. Public hearing to be conducted and

issues raised and commitments

made by the project proponent on

the same should be included in

EIA/EMP Report in the form of

tabular chart with financial budget

for complying with the

commitments made.

Public Hearing was conducted by

Punjab Pollution Control Board on 28

Nov 2018 at the Site. Minutes and

Meeting and action taken report are

enclosed as Annexure 2 with EIA

Report.

xxvii. A tabular chart with index for point

wise compliance of above ToRs.

Tabular chart with index for point wise

compliance of above ToRs are enclosed

in the beginning of EIA Report.

xxviii

.

Any litigation pending against the

project and/or any direction/order

passed by any Court of Law

against the project, if so, details

thereof shall also be included. Has

the unit received any notice under

the Section 5 of Environment

(Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant

Sections of Air and Water Acts? If

so, details thereof and compliance/

ATR to the notice(s) and present

status of the case.

No litigation is pending against the

project.

xxix. A tabular chart with index for point

wise compliance of above ToRs.

Tabular chart with index for point wise

compliance of above ToRs are enclosed

in the beginning of EIA Report.

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab

Standard TOR Compliance

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-i

Compliance of Standards Terms of Reference issued by MOEF&CC,

New Delhi,

MOEF vide F. No. 10-61/2017-IA-Ill dated 7th December 2017 during

24th meeting of EAC (Infra-2) held on 30-31 October, 2017


1) Reasons for selecting the site

with details of alternate sites

examined/ rejected/ selected on

merit with comparative

statement and reason/basis for

selection. The examination

should justify site suitability in

terms of environmental angle,

resources sustainability

associated with selected site as

compared to rejected sites. The

analysis should include

parameters considered along

with weightage criteria for short-

listing selected site.

The site of proposed civil enclave is

located adjacent to existing Adampur

Airforce Base. 40 Acres of land for

proposed Civil Enclave have been

transferred by State Govt. of Punjab

to Airports Authority of India.

The proposed civil enclave will be

located to adjacent to Airforce base.

Therefore, selection of site was not

applicable.

The details have been summarized in

Section 1.2 of Chapter 1 of the EIA

report at Page 1-2

2) Details of the land use break-up

for the proposed project. Details

of land use around 10 km radius

of the project site. Examine and

submit detail of land use around

10 km radius of the project site

and map of the project area and

10 km area from boundary of the

proposed/ existing project area,

delineating project areas notified

under the wild life (Protection)

Act, 1972/ critically polluted

areas as identified by the CPCB

from time to time/notified eco-

sensitive areas/ inter state

boundaries and international

boundaries. Analysis should be

made based on latest satellite

40 Acres of land for Proposed Civil

Enclave at Adampur have been

transferred by State Govt. to Airports

Authority of India.

There is no wildlife sanctuary,

national park or any other ecological

sensitive area with 10 km distance.

There is no critically polluted areas as

identified by the CPCB from time to

time or interstate boundaries and

international boundaries with 10 km

distance from the site.


Section 2.3 at page 2-1 of Chapter 2

and Section 3.11 at Page 3-58 of

Chapter 3 of the EIA report.



ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-ii


imagery for land use with raw

images.

3) Submit the present land use and

permission required for any

conversion such as forest,

agriculture etc. land acquisition

status, rehabilitation of

communities/ villages and

present status of such activities

No forest or agricultural land is

required for the construction of

proposed civil enclave at Adampur as

40 Acres of land for Civil Enclave have

been transferred by State Govt. to

Airports Authority of India.


Section 2.3 at Page 2-1 of Chapter 2.

4) Examine and submit the water

bodies including the seasonal

ones within the corridor of

impacts along with their status,

volumetric capacity, quality likely

impacts on them due to the

project.

Within the site for proposed civil

enclave at Adampur, no water bodies

including the seasonal one will be

affected.

5. Submit a copy of the contour

plan with slopes, drainage

pattern of the site and

surrounding area

The site for proposed civil enclave at

Adampur is plain land.

6. Submit details of

environmentally sensitive places,

land acquisition status,

rehabilitation of communities/

villages and present status of

such activities.

There is no wildlife sanctuary,

national park or any other ecological

sensitive area with 10 km distance.

7 Examine the impact of proposed

project on the nearest

settlements.

Detailed environmental impact

assessment has been carried out for

construction and operation phases of

proposed construction of proposed

civil enclave at Adampur. Same has

been presented in Chapter 4 of EIA

Report.

8 Examine baseline environmental

quality along with projected

Baseline environmental quality in the

study area during the study period is



ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-iii


incremental load due to the

proposed project/ activities

given in Section 3.9 at page 3-54 of

Chapter 3 of the EIA Report.

Incremental emissions loads due to

the proposed project have been

computed and are given in Section

4.4.5 of Chapter 4 at page 4-25 of the

EIA Report.

9 Examine and submit details of

levels, quantity required for

filling, source of filling material

and transportation details etc.

Submit details of a

comprehensive Risk Assessment

and Disaster Management Plan

including emergency evacuation

during natural and man-made

disaster integrating with existing

airport

The site for proposed civil enclave at

Adampur is plain land. Therefore, no

significant cutting & filling of earth

will be required.


Section 2.5 in Chapter 2 of the EIA

report at Page 2-8.

Risk Assessment and Disaster

Management Plan have been given in


10

Examine road/rail connectivity to

the project site and impact on

the existing traffic network due

to the proposed project/

activities. A detailed traffic and

transportation study should be

made for existing and projected

passenger and cargo traffic.

The proposed civil enclave will be

approached from National Highway,

which is adjacent.


Section 3.12 in Chapter 3 of the EIA

report at page 3-60.

11 Submit details regarding R&R

involved in the project

40 Acres of land for Civil Enclave have

been transferred by State Govt. to

Airports Authority of India.

Therefore, R&R is not involved in the

project.

12 Examine the details of water

requirement, use of treated

waste water and prepare a water

balance chart. Source of water

vis-à-vis waste water to be

Total water requirement is estimated

as 80 Kl per day Water requirement

will be extracted through bore wells

at the airport after obtaining

necessary permissions.



ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-iv


generated along with treatment

facilities to be proposed.


Section 2.16 at Page 2-18 Chapter 2

of the EIA report.

13 Rain water harvesting proposals

should be made with due

safeguards for ground water

quality. Maximize recycling of

water and utilization of rain

water.

Rain water harvesting details for the

proposed Civil Enclave are shown in

Section 9.2.8 at Page 9-25 of Chapter

9 of the EIA report.

14 Examine details of Solid waste

generation treatment and its

disposal.

Approx 130 kg per day solid waste

will be generated during operation of

the proposed Civil Enclave, which will

be collected, segregated and

managed by external agency for

disposal as per Soil Waste

Management Rule, 2016.


Section 9.2.3 in Chapter 9 of Chapter

9 of the EIA report

15 Submit the present land use and

permission required for any

conversion such as forest,

agriculture etc.

Not applicable as no land acquisition

is involved. 40 Acres required for

proposed civil enclave has been

transferred by the state Govt.

No forest is involved in the proposed

project.

16 Examine separately the details

for construction and operation

phases both for Environmental

Management Plan and

Environmental Monitoring Plan

with cost and parameters.

Details for construction and operation


Management Plan and Environmental

Monitoring Plan with cost and

parameters are presented in Chapter

6 and Chapter 9 of EIA Report.

17 Submit details of a

comprehensive Disaster

Management Plan including

emergency evacuation during

natural and man-made disaster.

Risk Assessment and Disaster

Management Plan have been given in




ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-v


18 Examine baseline environmental

quality along with projected

incremental load due to the

proposed project/ activities.

Baseline environmental quality in the

study area during the study period is

given in Chapter 3 of the EIA Report.

Incremental emissions loads due to

the proposed project have been

computed and are given in Section

4.4.5 of Chapter 4 at page 4-25 of the

EIA Report.

19 The air quality monitoring should

be carried out as per the

notification issued on 16th

November, 2009.

Ambient air quality was carried out

during winter season as per the

notification issued on 16th November,

2009. The details have been

summarized in Section 3.8.6 from

Page 3-44 in Chapter 3 of the EIA

report.

20 Examine separately the details

for construction and operation


Management Plan and

Environmental Monitoring Plan

with cost and parameters.

Details for construction and operation


Management Plan and Environmental

Monitoring Plan with cost and

parameters are presented in Chapter

6 and Chapter 9 of EIA Report.

21 Submit details of corporate social

responsibilities (CSR)

The Corporate Social Responsibility

CSR) Policy of the Airports Authority

of India (AAI) is aligned with its

overall commitment to maintaining

the highest standards of business

performance.

The details of Corporate

Environmental Responsibility

Initiatives by AAI have been

summarized in Section 9.4 from Page

9-53 in Chapter 9 of the EIA report.

22 Submit details of the trees to be

cut including their species and

whether it also involves any

protected or endangered

For proposed Civil Enclave, no trees

will need to be felled as land

transferred by State Govt is free from

all incumbrances.



ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-vi


species. Measures taken to

reduce the number of the trees

to be removed should be

explained in detail. Submit the

details of compensatory

plantation. Explore the

possibilities of relocating the

existing trees.

23 Examine the details of

afforestation measures

indicating land and financial

outlay. Landscape plan, green

belts and open spaces may be

described. A thick green belt

should be planned all around the

nearest settlement to mitigate

noise and vibrations. The

identification of species/ plants

should be made based on the

botanical studies.

Green belt/plantation is proposed on

82673 sqm area (51.1 %) at the

proposed Civil Enclave. Landscape

Plan and Green Belts details are given

in 9.2.9 at Page 9-27 of Chapter 9.

The details in noise level mitigation

measures are given in Section 9.2.5

at Page 9-18 in Chapter 9 of the EIA

report.

Biological Studies are given in Section

3.13 at Page 3-62 of Chapter 3.

24 Public Hearing to be conducted

for the project in accordance

with provisions of Environmental

Impact Assessment Notification

2006 and the issues raised in the

public hearing should be

addressed in Environmental

Management Plan. The public

hearing should be conducted

based on the TOR letters issued

by Ministry and not on the basis

of Minutes of Meetings available

on the web-site.

Public Hearing was conducted by

Punjab Pollution Control Board on 28

Nov 2018 at the Site. Minutes and

Meeting and action taken report are

enclosed as Annexure 2 with EIA

Report.

25 A detailed draft EIA/EMP report

should be prepared in

accordance with additional TOR

and should be submitted to the

Same have been followed.



ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-vii


Ministry in accordance with

Notification.

26. Any further clarification on

carrying out the above studies

including anticipated impacts

due to the project and mitigative

measure, project proponent can

refer to the model ToR available

on Ministry website

''http://moef.nic.in/Manual/

Airport".

Same has been followed.

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Description of Environment

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-1

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Preamble

Doaba Jalandhar Region covers major cities of Punjab state like Jalandhar,

Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala, Nawashahar, Sultanpur Lodi, Dasua, Phagwara, Banga

and Nakodar. Its population is well over 40 Lakhs. Doaba region is the richest

and biggest contributor to the manufacturing hub of sports goods, hand tools,

valves, casting and has lately transformed into educational & medical hub

generating medical tourism. Doaba Jalandhar Region is most NRI concentrated

region with maximum numbers of its people settled abroad and needs improved

air connectivity in the region.

In view of the requirement of air connectivity in the region, a MOU has been

signed between Govt. of Punjab, Civil Aviation Department and Airports

Authority of India for development and operationalization of civil enclave

adjacent to Adampur Airforce Station.

The Civil Enclave at Adampur Airforce Station will be developed in phases. In

the first phase, AAI is developing the Civil Enclave in 40 Acres of land towards

south west side of the RWY 31 and additional 40 Acres has been earmarked for

future. The scope of work for proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur comprise

construction of Apron to park 02 Nos. of AB 320 types of Aircraft, link taxi track

and terminal building for 300 passengers (150 Arrival and 150 Departure) as

per IMG norms and with car park for 150 cars.

Environment plays a vital role in overall development of the country.

Recognizing the importance of environmental protection and sustainable

development, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

(MoEF&CC), Government of India had formulated policies and procedures

governing the industrial and other developmental activities to prevent

indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources and promote integration of

environmental concern in developmental projects. To assess and evaluate

potential environmental impacts during design, construction & operation



phases of the proposed project and to suggest mitigation measures with

detailed environmental management plan, environmental impact assessment

study has been conducted for the project as per approved TOR of Ministry of

Environment, Forest & Climate Change.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has made

prior environmental clearance (EC) for Airport projects mandatory through its

notification issued on 14th September 2006 and as amended on 1st December

2009.

The proposed development of Civil Enclave at the Adampur is categorized as

Category A project. Fall under 7 (f) activity as per Schedule of EIA Notification,

2006, required prior environmental clearance.

The proposal for grant of Terms of Reference (ToR) for establishment of Civil

Enclave at Adampur, Jalandhar District in Punjab State by Airports Authority of

India, was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra-2) in its

meetings held on 30-31 October, 2017 and TOR was finalized vide letter No. F.

No. 10-61/2017-IA-III dated 7th December, 2017.

The compliance of TOR is given in the beginning of EIA Report.

Based on TOR finalised by the EAC of MOEF&CC, draft EIA report was prepared

and submitted to Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB). Public Hearing was

conducted on 12 Noon time, 28 Nov 2018 at the site by the Punjab Pollution

Control Board under the Chairmanship of Additional District Collector, Jalandhar

District. Issues raised in the public hearing and response/action taken by Airport

Authority of India is given in Chapter 7 and in Annexure 2.

1.2 Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave

Doaba Jalandhar Region covers major cities of Punjab like Jalandhar,








region with maximum number of its people settled abroad and needs improved

air connectivity.

The direct and indirect benefits of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur are

as follows:

▪ Batter infrastructure facilities for passenger

▪ Increase in regional economy as it will boost trade and commercial activities

in the region.

▪ Generation of more revenue to the state, hence more development of the

region.

▪ Boost in religious tourism and more people to travel in the state

▪ Employment opportunity to people.

▪ More business and industrial opportunities.

1.3 Need and Process of Environmental Clearance

As per the EIA notification of 14th September 2006 and its amendment dated

1st December 2009, airport projects are divided into two categories as

mentioned below:

Project or

Activity

Category with threshold

limit

Conditions if any

A B

(a) ( (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

7(a) Airports

All projects

including airstrip,

which are for

commercial

use”;

- Note:

Air strips which do not

involve bunkering/ refueling

facility and or Air Traffic

Control, are exempted.”

1.4 Regulatory Compliance Requirement

The operational and geographic impacts associated with airport development

and operations are covered by policy drives (both strategies and legislation) at

global, regional and national levels.



The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), which oversees the level

and direction of effort involved in addressing the environmental impact of the

sector, also deals with the emissions from aircraft.

The ICAO agenda is focussed on the Committee of Aviation Environmental

Protection (CAEP), whose 18 members states make recommendations through

five groups:

• Working Group 1: reducing noise (noise stringency limits engines);

• Working Group 2: land use planning and management, operating

restrictions and other issues associated with noise such as modelling;

• Working Group 3: reducing emissions at source (emission limits);

• Working Group 4: operational mechanism for reducing aviation emissions;

• Working Group 5: market-based options (legal & administrative issues

surrounding emissions permit trading, environmental charges and

voluntary agreements as a means to limit or reduce emissions)

The work of the CAEP is more technical in nature. The process of securing

consensus in ICAO is lengthy, not least because membership is voluntary.

Though the members are responsible for enacting certain standards and

practices, they are not legally bound to do so. They are only honour bound to

implement the resolution on environmental policies and practices.

India being one of the member states of ICAO, implements the resolution on

environmental policies and practices adopted by ICAO through Director General

of Civil Aviation (DGCA), under Ministry of Civil Aviation, GOI at national level

to mitigate the operational impact associated with aviation at airports.

It ensures that environmental concerns are strategically integrated into air

transport policy by improving technical environmental standards on noise and

gaseous emissions; advancing long term technology improvements; inspecting

aerodrome site for issuing aeronautical clearance; improving the air traffic

management and promoting flight safety environment at airports.

1.5 Terms of Reference (TOR)

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has made

prior environmental clearance (EC) for Airport projects mandatory through its



notification issued on 14th September 2006 and as amended on 1st December

2009.

EIA & EMP report has been prepared as per TOR approved by MOEF&CC. The

compliance of TOR is given in the beginning of EIA Report.

The EAC, in its meeting held on 30-31 October, 2017, after detailed

deliberations, recommended the project for grant of ToR as specified by the

Ministry as Standard ToR for the said project/activity (Annexure-I) and the

following ToR in addition to Standard ToR for preparation of EIA-EMP report.

As per the recommendation of the EAC, the Ministry of Environment, Forest

and Climate Change hereby accords ToR to the project Development of

proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, for preparation of the

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and Environmental

Management Plan (EMP) with the following specific and general conditions:

(i) Importance and benefits of the project.

(ii) A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on

1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet (including ail eco-sensitive areas

and environmentally sensitive places).

(iii) Layout maps of proposed project indicating runway, airport building,

parking, greenbelt area, utilities etc.

(iv) Cost of project and time of completion.

(v) An assessment of Airport Noise and conformity to existing guidelines and

rules

(vi) A Justification on land requirements and its conformity to Civil Aviation

Norms and guidelines

(vii) EIA Report will give a justification of the land requirements for the project.

it will also provide the guideline, if any developed by the Airport Authority of

India regarding land requirement for airports in India and the conformity status

with regards to the land provisions proposed.

(viii) A major part of the project land is reserve forest. The status of the

clearance should be provided along with the details of compensatory forestation

and its impact on the nearest Wildlife Sanctuary.

(ix) A management plan for the conservation of the top soil in the cut and fill

operations proposed. Area has a contour difference of about 20 m hence

management of levelling and surplus /deficit of earth be given including Top

soil preservation.



(x) Details of environmental problems, compliance status and improvement

plans, if any for the existing airport which is planned to be retailed.

(xi) A note on appropriate process and materials to be used to encourage

reduction in carbon foot print. Optimize use of energy systems in buildings that

should maintain a specified indoor environment conducive to the functional

requirements of the building by following mandatory compliance measures (for

all applicable buildings) as recommended in the Energy conservation building

code (ECBC) 2007 of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India.

The energy system includes air conditioning systems, indoor lighting systems,

water heaters, air heaters and air circulation devices.

(xii) Electro mechanical doors to be explored for the toilets meant for disabled

persons.

(xiii) Details of emission, effluents, solid waste and hazardous waste generation

and their management. Air quality modelling and noise modelling shall be

carried out for the emissions from various types of aircraft.

(xiv) Approval from competent authorities for end disposal of municipal solid

waste, construction and demolition wastes, hazardous waste, plastic waste, e-

waste as Waste Management Rules 2016.

(xv) Approval from competent authorities for provision of the sewerage system.

(xvi) Approved construction and demolition waste management plan as per

construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules 2016.

(xvii) Classify ail Cargo handled as perishable, explosive, solid, petroleum

products, Hazardous Waste, Hazardous Chemical, Potential Air Pollutant,

Potential Water Pollutant etc. and put up a handling and disposal management

plan.

(xviii) Noise monitoring shall be carried out in the funnel area of flight path.

(xix) Requirement of water, power, with source of supply and status of approval

for water supply from competent authority quantitively specifying the KLD of

approved water supply of the project.

(xx) Requirement of power with source of supply and approval for electricity

supply from competent authority.

(xxi) Manpower Requirement (Regular and Contract)

(xxii) Water Bodies should not be disturbed.

(xxiii) The E.I.A. should specifically address to vehicular traffic management as

well as estimation of vehicular parking area.

(xxiv) A detailed traffic management and traffic decongestion plan, to ensure

that the current level of services of the roads within 05 kms radius of the project

site is maintained and improved upon, shall be drawn up through an



organization of repute and specializing in transport planning. This should be

based on cumulative impact of all development and increased inhabitation

being carried out or proposed to be carried out by the project or other agencies

in this 05 kms radius from the site under different scenarios of space and time

and shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the State Urban Development

and Transport Departments with the consent of all the concerned implementing

agencies.

(xxv) Details of fuel tank farm and its risk assessment.

(xxvi) Public hearing to be conducted and issues raised and commitments made

by the project proponent on the same should be included in EIA/EMP Report in

the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the

commitments made.

(xxvii) A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above ToRs.

(xxviii) Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order

passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also

be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts?

If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status

of the case.

(xxix) A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above ToRs.

Standard Terms of Reference for Conducting Environment Impact

Assessment Study for Airports And Information to be Included in

EIA/EMP Report

(i)Reasons for selecting the site with details of alternate sites

examined/rejected/selected on merit with comparative statement and

reason/basis for selection. The examination should justify site suitability in

terms of environmental angle, resources sustainability associated with selected

site as compared to rejected sites. The analysis should include parameters

considered along with weightage criteria for short-listing selected site.

(ii) Details of the land use break-up for the proposed project. Details of land

use around 10 km radius of the project site. Examine and submit detail of land

use around 10 km radius of the project site and map of the project area and

10 km area from boundary of the proposed/existing project area, delineating

project areas notified under the wild life (Protection) Act, 1972/critically

polluted areas as identified by the CPCB from time to time/notified eco-sensitive



areas/interstate boundaries and international boundaries. Analysis should be

made based on latest satellite imagery for land use with raw images.

(iii) Submit the present land use and permission required for any conversion

such as forest, agriculture etc. land acquisition status, rehabilitation of

communities/ villages and present status of such activities. Check on flood plain

of any river.

(iv) Examine and submit the water bodies including the seasonal ones within

the corridor of impacts along with their status, volumetric capacity, quality likely

impacts on them due to the project.

(v) Submit a copy of the contour plan with slopes, drainage pattern of the site

and surrounding area, any obstruction of the same by the airport.

(vi) Submit details of environmentally sensitive places, land acquisition status,

rehabilitation of communities/ villages and present status of such activities.

(vii) Examine the impact of proposed project on the nearest settlements.

(viii) Examine baseline environmental quality along with projected incremental

load due to the proposed project/activities

(ix) Examine and submit details of levels, quantity required for filling, source of

filling material and transportation details etc. Submit details of a comprehensive

Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan including emergency

evacuation during natural and man-made disaster integrating with existing

airport

(x) Examine road/rail connectivity to the project site and impact on the existing

traffic network due to the proposed project/activities. A detailed traffic and

transportation study should be made for existing and projected passenger and

cargo traffic.

(xi) Submit details regarding R&R involved in the project

(xii) Examine the details of water requirement, use of treated waste water and

prepare a water balance chart. Source of water vis-à-vis waste water to be

generated along with treatment facilities to be proposed.

(xiii) Rain water harvesting proposals should be made with due safeguards for

ground water quality. Maximize recycling of water and utilization of rain water.

(xiv) Examine details of Solid waste generation treatment and its disposal.

(xv) Submit the present land use and permission required for any conversion

such as forest, agriculture etc.

(xvi) Examine separately the details for construction and operation phases both

for Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan with

cost and parameters.



(xvii) Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan including

emergency evacuation during natural and man-made disaster.

(xviii) Examine baseline environmental quality along with projected incremental

load due to the proposed project/activities.

(xix) The air quality monitoring should be carried out as per the notification

issued on 16th November, 2009.

(xx) Examine separately the details for construction and operation phases both

for Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan with

cost and parameters.

(xxi) Submit details of corporate social responsibilities (CSR)

(xxii) Submit details of the trees to be cut including their species and whether

it also involves any protected or endangered species: Measures taken to reduce

the number of the trees to be removed should be explained in detail. Submit

the details of compensatory plantation. Explore the possibilities of relocating

the existing trees.

(xxiii) Examine the details of afforestation measures indicating land and

financial outlay. Landscape plan, green belts and open spaces may be

described. A thick green belt should be planned all around the nearest

settlement to mitigate noise and vibrations. The identification of species/ plants

should be made based on the botanical studies.

(xxiv) Public hearing to be conducted for the project in accordance with

provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and the

issues raised by the public should be addressed in the Environmental

Management Plan. The Public Hearing should be conducted based on the ToR

letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of minutes of the Meeting

available on the web-site.

(xxv) A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be prepared in accordance with

the above additional TOR and should be submitted to the Ministry in accordance

with the Notification.

(xxvi) Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction

/order passed by any Court of Law against the Project should be given.

(xxvii) The cost of the Project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the

cost towards implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt out.

(xxviii) Any further clarification on carrying out the above studies including

anticipated impacts due to the project and mitigative measure, project

proponent can refer to the model ToR available on Ministry website

"http://moefnic.in/Manual/Airport".



1.6 Location of Proposed Civil Enclave

The site of proposed civil enclave is adjacent to Adampur Airforce Station.

Latitude and Longitude of proposed civil enclave at Adampur are 31° 25´ 24.22”

N and 75° 45´ 44.58” E, respectively. Index map of the proposed Civil Enclave

at Adampur (Punjab) is shown on Figure 1.1. The 10 km radius study area

has been considered for environmental impact assessment studies. The 10 km

radius study area around proposed Civil Enclave on Google map and SOI

Toposheets are shown in Figure 1.2 and 1.3, respectively. There is no forest,

national park or wildlife sanctuary within 10 km distance from the proposed

Civil Enclave. Environmental setting of the project site are given in Table 1.1.



Table 1.1 Environmental Setting of The Project Site

S.No. Particulars Details

1. Site Latitude 31° 25´ 24.22” N

2. Site Longitude 75° 45´ 44.58” E

3. Toposheet Nos for Site

(Open Series)

H43D15 for Site

H43D15, H43D11, H43D10 & H43D14

for 10 km radius study area

4. Land use Fallow Land transferred by State Govt.

5. Nearest Highway Jalandhar – Hoshiarpur Section of NH-

70 at 3.2 Km in NNW Direction

6. Nearest Railway station Khurdpur Railway Station -3.7 km

(West)

7. Nearest airport Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International

Airport, Amritsar – 96 km (ENE)

8. Nearest town/ city Jalandhar City Centre is about 20 Km

in SW direction

9. Hills/ valleys Nil (within 10 km radius)

10. Topography Plain

11. National Parks/Wildlife

Sanctuaries

Nil (within 10 km radius)

12. Reservoir/Lake/River/Sea Nil (within 10 km radius)

13. Reserved/Protected

Forests

There is no Reserve or Protected

Forest in 10 Km distance

14. Air Pollution Protected

Area


15. Archaeological Important

Places


16. Seismicity Seismic Zone III (Moderate) as per IS

1893

17. Defense Installations Adampur Airforce Base is Adjacent to

the site.



Figure 1.1: Index Map of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur



Figure 1.2: 10 Km Study Area on Google for Proposed Civil Enclave



Figure 1.3: 10 Km Study Area for Proposed Project on SOI Toposheet



1.7 Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Report

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report has been prepared as per

format described in the EIA Notification 2006 and the structure of EIA report is

given below. The EIA report has been divided into 11 chapters which are

presented as follows:

Compliance of Specified and Standard TOR

Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter provides background information, details of the environmental

clearance process, brief details and locations of the proposed project,

geographical settings of the area. The terms of reference for preparation of EIA

and structure of EIA report have also been described in this chapter.

Chapter 2: Description of the Project

This chapter deals need for the project, project location, project layout, terminal

buildings, utilities and services, power requirements, parking facilities, water

requirement and sources, drainage and sewage disposal system, storm water

drainage system, horticulture and landscaping, energy conservation measures,

the project implementation schedule, estimated cost of development, etc.

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

This chapter presents existing environmental conditions of the 10km radius

study area around the site including topography, geological, drainage pattern,

water environment, climate & meteorology, ambient air quality, noise levels,

flora & fauna, socio-economic conditions, etc.

Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

This chapter describes the anticipated impact on the environment and

mitigation measures for project. The method of assessment of impact including

studies carried out, modeling techniques adopted to assess the impact where

pertinent have been elaborated in this chapter. It gives the details of the impact

on the baseline parameters, both during the construction and operational



phases and suggests the mitigation measures to be implemented by the

proponent. It also describes the overall both-direct and indirect, reversible and

irreversible impacts of the proposed activities on different environmental

parameters on different environmental parameters during construction and

post construction phase and underscores the areas of concern, which need

mitigation measures.

Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives

This chapter examines alternative means for proposed project involves

description of each alternative, summary of adverse impacts of each

alternative, mitigation measures proposed for each alternative and selection of

best alternative.

Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Plan

This chapter describes environmental monitoring plan (EMP) for the project

during construction and operation phases.

Chapter 7: Additional Studies (Risk Analysis and Disaster

Management Plan)

This chapter spelled out hazard identification, risk analysis and disaster

management plan for an unlikely event of emergency at terminal building of

the proposed Civil Enclave.

Chapter 8: Project Benefits

This chapter includes the benefits in terms of improvement in physical

infrastructure, social infrastructure, employment potential, etc.

Chapter 9: Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

This chapter describes environmental management plan to mitigate adverse

environmental impacts and to strengthen beneficial impacts.

Chapter 10: Summary and Conclusions

This chapter describes Summary and Conclusions of the EIA study.



Chapter 11: Disclosure of Consultant engaged

This chapter comprises the details of consultants engaged with their brief

resume and nature of consultancy rendered.

EIA for Development of New Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Description of Project


CHAPTER 2

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1 Introduction

The proposed Civil Enclave will be established at Adampur Airforce Station in

Jalandhar District of Punjab State. AAI will develop the Civil Enclave on 40 Acres

of land towards south west side of the RWY 31 in the first phase and additional

40 Acres has been earmarked for future development.

2.2 Project Site Details of Proposed Civil Enclave

The site the for proposed civil enclave at Adampur comprises 40 Acres of land,

which has already handover by State Government to AAI. Latitude and

Longitude of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur are:

Sr. No. Latitude Longitude

1. 31o25’24.01” 75o45’56.52”

2. 31o25’15.35” 75o45’39.99”

3. 31o25’21.99” 75o45’31.85”

4. 31o25’33.10” 75o45’44.36”

Average ground elevation of the site is 245 m above mean sea level. No forest

land is involved in the site for the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur. Land free

from incumbrance has been handed over to Airports Authority of India (AAI)

by State Govt.

2.3 Site Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave

The proposed civil enclave will be located 40 Acres of land. Terminal building

covering an area of 5000 sqm have been designed for peak hour capacity of

300 passengers (150 arrival and 150 departure). Link taxiway to connect Civil

Enclave will be 115 m x 18 m with 3.5m wide shoulders. The apron will be of

120 m x 112 m with 3.5 m (suitable for 2 Nos. A-320 type of Aircraft). At the

civil enclave parking facilities will be provided for 150 cars. The layout plan for

the proposed civil enclave is show in Figure 2.1. The layout plan for proposed

civil enclave on Google Earth is given Figure 2.2. The area statement for the

proposed civil enclave is given below:



Figure 2.1: Site Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur



Figure 2.2: Site Plan on Google Map for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur



Table 2.1: Area Statement for Proposed Civil Enclave

Sn. Components Area (Sqm)

I. Built-up Area

1. Apron with GSE Area 18003

2. Link Taxi Track 2473

3. Parking 11000

4. Terminal Building (Ground Floor) 5000

5. Ancillary Building & Service Block 3491

6. Total Built-up Area 39967

II. Green Belt & Landscaping by Shrubs and Grasses

82673

III. Road and Open Area 39235

Total Area of Civil Enclave 161875 (40 Acres)

2.4 Scope for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

Scope of work is prepared for development of a civil enclave at Adampur for

construction of Apron to park 02 Nos. of AB 320 types of Aircraft, link taxi track

and terminal building for 300 passengers (150 Arrival and 150 Departure) as

per IMG norms and with car park for 150 cars.

As per Techno Economic Feasibility Report prepared by M/s L&T Infrastructure

Engineering Ltd. It has been suggested that a passenger terminal building of

5000 sqm area be developed in phase –I. This will ensure that in the initial

years, passengers will experience a level of service A or B. As the peak hours

passengers reach 300, the level of services will generally be C and will drop

down to D for a short period which is still acceptable. At the point of time, the

traffic projections will be re-assessed and decision of expansion plans will be

taken.

A. Civil Works

Apron and Taxiway

i. Construction of apron of dimension 120 m x 112 m, suitable for the parking

of 2 nos. of AB 320 type of aircraft in power in/power out configuration



with 3.5 m wide shoulders all around the apron along suitable GSE area of

dimension 30m x 50 m.

ii. Construction of linked taxi track dimension of 115 m x 18 m with 3.5 m

shoulders on either side of the taxi track, subject to clearance from IAF.

iii. Development of taxiway strip with suitable grading.

iv. The slope on apron, taxiway, strip etc, should be as prescribed in DGCA

CAR, under various paragraphs

v. Storm water drains to be provided to operational/non-operational areas.

vi. Construction of boundary wall of 2.45 m + 0.45 m with concertina coiled

barbed wire.

vii. Perimeter road of 3.5 m with all around the boundary wall inside the

proposed Civil Enclave.

Terminal Building Terminal Building covering 5000 sqm area will be constructed through pre-

engineered/pre-fabricated structure for 300 peak Hour Passengers (150 Arrival

+ 150 Departure)

(a) Common Concourse Common concourse area will have provision for snack bar, toilets, AHU switch

room, drinking water, first aid room, supporting office for AAI and airlines.

(b) Check –in Area (i) The check in area will have 08 nos. check-in counters and adequate

queuing space.

(ii) 01 no. baggage conveyer belt for registered baggage.

(iii) Adequate number of tablets (ladies, gents and physically challenged

persons) back up offices for airlines, AHU, switch room, drinking water

facilities, storing space for 50 baggage trolleys etc.

(iv) Seating arrangement for passengers after check-in and before security

check.

(v) Isolated smoking area with proper ventilation.

(c) Security Hold Area The security hold area will accommodate at least 300 passengers at a time with

adequate numbers of toilets (ladies, gents and physically challenged persons),



frisking booths 03 nos. (02 gents and 01 ladies), space for X Ray machine for

hand baggage, AHU, Switch room, drinking water, snack bar facility.

(d) Baggage Collection/Arrival Lounge

(i) The baggage collection and arrival lounge should have 02 nos. conveyor

belt of adequate length.

(ii) Adequate space for storing baggage trolleys, space for storing of

mishandled/unclaimed baggage.

(iii) Adequate number of toilets (ladies, gents and physically challenged

persons), AHU, Switch room, drinking water, prepaid taxi counter.

(iv) Provision of Information Counter & Prepaid Taxi Counter.

(B) Electrical Works (i) Internal and external electrification for terminal building complex,

associated building, car park and roads

(ii) Augmentation of main power supply, submission equipment, DG Sets for

secondary power supply and associated ancillary buildings

(iii) Provision of central air-conditioning & ventilation (HVAC) system & BMS

for New Terminal Building

(iv) Provision of conveyor belts at departure area and baggage carousels at

arrival hall

(v) Provision of fire detection & alarm system, provision of fire hydrants and

water sprinklers system as per standards along with fire extinguishers

(vi) Provision of automatic sliding doors at exit and entry points of terminal.

(vii) Provision of adequate number of signage inside and outside the terminal

building, car park area and city side approach road and air side area for

guidance of passengers and visitors.

(C) Airport Systems

(i) Public Address System and Car Calling System

(ii) Surveillance close circuit TV System (SCCTC) and provision of adequate

number of close circuit TV monitors, in the Security Control Room,

Terminal Manager Room, APD Office, etc.

(iii) Provision of Flight Information Display System (FIDS) with adequate

number of Display Devices in departure, arrival and security hold area for

passenger facilitation.



(iv) Provision of adequate number of X ray machines for scanning registered

baggage (RB)/Hand Baggage (HB) including provision of required number

of ETDs, DFMDs & HHMDs as per BCAS norms.

(v) Provision of adequate nos. of VHF FM sets (Walkie-Talkie, Base Stations

and Mobile Stations)

(vi) Provisions of Telephone Exchange/ digital EPABX/IP EPABX system for

Terminal Building including Telephone /Intercom instruments, wiring, etc.

(D) IT Systems (i) Passive and active networking components such as OFC, UTP cabling,

routers, Core and Access switches and accessories. Provision of raceways,

cable tray and conducting and cabling

(ii) Sever room and adequate space for keeping network switches along with

electrical power points & UPS

(iii) Access Control System as per BCAS requirement

(iv) Provision of internet, VPN bandwidth, Wi-Fi System

(E) Miscellaneous Works (i) Construction of regular boundary wall segregating the operational area of

Civil Enclave and perimeter wall /fencing all around the city side.

(ii) Construction of pump house for overhead water tank and sump etc for

terminal building

(iii) Provision of gates to segregate air side and city side area with security

ground posts at the entry and exit gates.

(iv) Construction of perimeter road of 3.5 m width all along the boundary wall

inside operation area.

(v) Construction of 04 lane approach road from nearest main road to

Terminal Building via shortest distance.

(vi) Horticulture and gardening works on city and airside of terminal building.

(vii) Provision of water storage and water supply scheme and rain water

harvesting system

(viii) Provision of sewage disposal system and garbage disposal system

(ix) Construction of vehicle parking, ticket counter, driver rest room and toilet

on city side of terminal building.

(x) Provision of Roof Top Solar power generation system



2.5 Cutting & Filling

The site for proposed civil enclave at Adampur Airforce base is plain land.

Therefore, no significant cutting & filling of earth will be required.

2.6 Proposed Terminal Building

Terminal building covering 5000 sqm area will be constructed through pre -

engineered/pre-fabricated structure for 300 peak hour passengers (150 arrival

+ 150 departure). Ground floor and first floor plan of the proposed terminal

building are shown in Figure 2.3 and Figure 2.4, respectively.

2.7 GRIHA Rating for Proposed Terminal Building

It is proposed that all works necessarily will achieve 4 stars GRIHA Rating.

GRIHA is an acronym for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment.

GRIHA is a rating tool that helps to assess the performance of their building

against certain nationally acceptable benchmarks. It evaluates the

environmental performance of a building holistically over its entire life cycle,

thereby providing a definitive standard for what constitutes a ‘green building’.

The rating system, based on accepted energy and environmental principles, will

seek to strike a balance between the established practices and emerging

concepts, both national and international.

2.8 Raw Materials Requirements for Project

For the proposed civil enclave, raw materials requirements are estimated as

given below:

Raw Material / Fuel Quantity Unit Cement 24160 Bags

Aggregate 1490 Cum

Bricks 56910 Nos. Steel 230 MT

Structural Steel 145 MT

Above raw materials will be procured from open market.



Figure 2.3: Ground Floor Plan of Proposed Terminal Building



Figure 2.4: First Floor Plan of Proposed Terminal Building



2.9 Parking Facilities and Traffic Circulation Plan

At the proposed civil enclave at the Adampur, parking facilities will be provided

for 150 cars. The proposed car parking will be located on 11000 sqm area.

Traffic circulation plan for departure and arrival will be such that there is no

traffic congestion at the civil enclave.

2.10 Drainage Plan for Site

The drainage plan for site has been prepared to ensure that no rain water

accumulation at the site.

2.11 Fire Fighting Facilities

At the proposed civil enclave, fire-fighting facilities will be provided as per

guidelines and ICAO standards.

2.12 Power Requirement

Total power requirement is estimated as 175 kW for the proposed terminal

building and other facilities at the proposed civil enclave at Adampur. During

operation phase, one DG set of 150 kVA capacity and one standby fitted with

acoustic enclosure will be installed for emergency power generation during grid

power failure.

2.12.1Diesel Storage for DG sets Operations

At proposed Civil Enclave, there will not be any fuel tank farm. High Speed

Diesel (HSD) will be stored in day tank of DG sets and barrels as per

requirement. At any point of time, total storage of High Speed Diesel (HSD) will

be less than 990 litres. Therefore, permission is not required from Chief

Controller of Explosive (CCE) for storage of HSD at the proposed Civil Enclave.

2.13 HVAC Requirement

HVAC System requirement at the proposed terminal building at the proposed

civil enclave is estimated as 125 TR. To meet the air conditioning requirement,

two screw chilling tower unit of 125 TR will be installed. Microprocessor based



control system (BMS) will also installed at the terminal building.

2.13.1Design Considerations

The system proposal is designed to fulfil the following objectives:

• Low capital cost.

• Energy efficient throughout the varying load patterns

• Minimum power demand.

• Providing required Indoor air quality (IAQ) with reduced operating cost.

• Maximum flexibility of operation.

• Use of highly responsive control system (BMS) to optimize system

functioning.

The selection of equipment is designed to achieve the lowest capital cost

consistent with energy efficient modern technology. The choice of equipment

and specifications will provide the best possible system at a reasonable price.

2.13.2Energy Efficient

The air conditioning systems operate between a minimal demand of 40% and

up to a maximum demand of 95% for a major part of the year. Hence, the

selection proposed is such that the overall power requirement remains

consistent with the demand, avoiding all possible waste.

2.13.3Flexibility

The use of air cooled chilling units has been proposed instead of water cooled

chillers. This will avoid use of cooling towers and condenser water pumps,

thereby reducing by nearly 40% the number of equipment which have to be

operated and maintained. The chiller will be fitted with air cooling pads to

reduce power consumption and save 80% water as compared to water cooled

system, the cooling pads will be used whenever Ambient temperature crosses

35°C. The use of air cooled chillers will thus simplify operation and also avoid

worrying about availability of water in cooling towers at all times. There will

be separate pumps for secondary circuit. In addition, each floor will have

independent Air Handling Units (AHUs). This will ensure that the equipment in

operations is as per demand without any wastage of power.



2.13.4Control System

It is proposed to use microprocessor-based control system (BMS) to optimize

plant operation and minimize running costs.

The various systems are selected carefully to provide maximum benefits at a

reasonable cost.

The BMS will also be used to integrate other services and control external

lighting and monitor other services.

2.13.5System Design (Ventilation & Miscellaneous)

The ventilation of D.G. room and pump will be through the use of axial flow

fans on the opposite side.

The HVAC plant room will be ventilated using propeller type fans.

2.13.6Building Management System (BMS)

It is proposed to provide a Microprocessor Based Building Management and

control system (BMS) for HVAC system and other services to create an

intelligent building.

2.14 Construction Materials Procurement

Aggregate, cement and sand for foundation and other civil works, will be

procured from local approved sources. The proposed terminal building will be

constructed through pre-cast and pre-fabricated structures.

2.15 Cargo Handling at Proposed Civil Enclave

At the proposed Civil Enclave, various types of cargo including dangerous goods

(hazardous materials), live animals, perishable, human remains, Sentimental

Shipments, explosive, solid, petroleum products, etc will be handled according

to IATA regulations and guidelines.



2.15.1Acceptance of Cargo

The proposed civil enclave will have the authorization for transport of

passengers and freight, revenue and non-revenue cargo, as well as air mail and

service cargo. All cargo will be physical check or x-ray before acceptance.

Personal Effects

For booking, unaccompanied baggage, copy of Copy of Airway bill, Passenger's

passport/ID, Baggage Declaration Form (BDF) will ensured.

Sentimental Shipments

For carriage of sentimental cargo, Death Certificate from a competent medical

authority, embalming and packaging Certificate, certificate issued by Embassy

(Nationality of deceased) with the deceased’s full name, age at the time of

death, place of death and photocopy of passport details, Photocopy of cancelled

passport, police certificate will be ensured.

Odd-Sized Cargo

Odd sized cargo or heavy cargo to carry, there will be expertise in logistics to

carry heavy and odd –sized.

Dangerous Goods

Dangerous Goods such as flammable, corrosive, poisonous and radioactive

substances and varied use including medical will be handled by qualified staff

under Dangerous Goods Regulations of IATA, to handle such shipments.

Valuables

In order to ensure security of valuables, container with a security locker on

wide body aircrafts. The narrow body aircrafts are also fitted with locker for

valuable cargo. The entire operation of loading and unloading will be carried

out under the vigilant eyes of our Security personnel.

In order to adhere to the strictest security for handling of cargo at the civil

enclave, it will be ensured that the cargo is loaded on the flight after physical

check or x-ray.



Couriers

Courier traffic is a rapidly growing market. Civil Enclave will have facility for

transporting small packages and documents.

Perishable Goods Cargo

Perishable goods are such, whose conditions or suitability for its original or

prime purpose may deteriorate below its useable condition if exposed to undue

changes in temperature and humidity or delayed in transportation (e.g. fresh

fruit and vegetables, flowers, meat and fish shipments, vaccines, medical

supplies etc.).

2.15.2Cargo Manifesting

The manifest contains all packages that are loaded into an aero plane.

Manifests are differentiated according to the type of transfer of the cargo at

the station:

● Cargo Manifest

● Transfer Manifest

● NIL Manifest

The manifest is used for handling air cargo, with the exception of airmail, and

is a necessary working paper for cargo accounting. Cargo is manifested in the

IT systems or manually.

2.15.3 Dangerous Goods

Dangerous Goods are divided into nine different hazard classes. Some hazard

classes are further subdivided into hazard divisions due to the wide scope of

the class.

Class 1 Explosives

Class 2 Gas

Class 3 Flammable Liquid

Class 4 Flammable Solids; Substances liable to Spontaneous Combustion;

Substances

which, in contact with Water, emit Flammable Gases

Class 5 Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides

Class 6 Toxic (poisonous) and Infectious Substances



Class 7 Radioactive Material

Class 8 Corrosives

Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

Hazard Labels

The label identifying the primary hazard of the dangerous goods must bear the

class or division number as appropriate in the bottom corner of the label.

Handling Advice for Dangerous Goods

The handling advice for dangerous goods must include:

- date and flight number of shipment

- number of Air Waybill (AWB)

- proper shipping name and ID number

- number of pieces and net weights

- for operations with a containerized aircraft, type and number of ULD

- drill code

- special handling, if required

Incompatibility of Dangerous Goods Packages containing dangerous goods which might react dangerously with each

other or are harmful to other non-dangerous goods must not be stowed on an

aircraft next to each other or in a position that would allow interaction between

them in the event of leakage.

2.15.4 Handling of Toxic (RPB) and Infectious Substances (RIS)

Toxic (RPB) and Infectious Substances requiring a subsidiary risk "TOXIC" label

must not be stowed in the same compartment with animals, substances marked

or known to be foodstuffs, feed or other edible goods intended for consumption

by humans or animals.

This does not apply if either the toxic or infectious substances and the

foodstuffs or animals are loaded in separate ULDs, not adjacent to each other

(minimum distance: 1 loading position).



Emergency Procedures for Incidents/Accidents with Dangerous Goods

• don't panic

• advise immediate supervisor

• isolate the package by removing other packages or property

• avoid contact with the contents of the package

• if contents come in contact with body or clothes:

- thoroughly wash off body with plenty of water;

- remove contaminated clothes;

- do not eat or smoke;

- keep hands away from eyes, mouth and nose;

- apply for medical assistance

• staff involved in such incidents should stay on site until their names are

noted

• avoid handling of a damaged package containing infectious substances or

keep handling to a minimum and inform the appropriate public health

authority or veterinary authority, and provide information on any other

countries of transit where persons may have been exposed to danger and

notify the consignee.

• access to a damaged package containing radioactive material must be

restricted and a qualified person must, as soon as possible, assess the

extent of contamination and the resultant radiation level of the package.

The scope of the survey must also include the aircraft, aircraft equipment

and all other material which has been carried on the aircraft.

2.15.5 Perishable Cargo

Due to individual procedures being applicable for different perishable goods,

the following different load information codes are used:

• Foodstuffs - food for human or animal consumption (EAT)

• Hatching eggs (HEG)

• Live human organs (LHO)

• Flowers/plants (PEF)

• Meat (PEM) and seafood/fish (PES) shall be handled as WET

• Fruits and vegetables (PEP)

• All perishable goods other than flowers, meat, seafood or fish (PER)



Perishable cargo requiring special attention during flight, e.g. recommended

temperatures and/or ventilation, shall be entered in the remarks box of the

Load and Trim sheet. In case of thermographs (shipper owned) being used in

temperature sensitive loads, the cargo department shall inform the aircraft

handling department accordingly, a respective remark for enroute transit, and

destination stations shall be entered in LDM, ALI or CPM, showing the code

"TMG" and loading position.

Loading - Perishable cargo shall be accepted for carriage only if properly

packed in order to avoid damage and/or contamination to other loads, ULDs or

compartments.

Pallets with flowers, fruit or vegetables must not be covered with

plastic foils - Perishable cargo, refrigerated with wet ice or containing fluids

or moisture which could leak (e.g. meat, fish or other sea foods - fresh, salted,

smoked or frozen) shall be treated as "Wet Cargo". Perishable cargo,

refrigerated with dry ice (ICE) shall be handled according to the respective

regulations. Care shall be taken when stacking perishable items so that lower

layers of the stack are not damaged by the weight of the upper layers.

Foodstuffs (EAT) Foodstuffs shall not be loaded together with poisons (RPB) or infectious

substances (RIS) in the same compartment, unless they are loaded in separate

ULDs not adjacent to each other. Foodstuffs shall not be loaded in close

proximity of live animals (AVI) and human remains (HUM).

Hatching Eggs (HEG) Hatching eggs shall not be stowed in close proximity of dry ice (ICE) and

cryogenic liquids (RCL). The temperature in the compartment should remain

between 10°C and 15°C during flight and should not exceed 27°C.

2.15.6 Disposal of Unclaimed or Leaked Cargo

Unclaimed or leaked Cargo will be disposed as per applicable environmental

regulations.



2.16 Water Requirement and Its Management

The expected population per day at the new civil enclave is given below:

Arriving and Departing Passengers - 500

New Civil Enclave Staff (24 hourly) - 70

Drivers/Visitors - 100

Water required as per National Building Code 2016 Part IX Table 2 is given

below.

Terminal Staff - 45 Litres/Head/Day

Air Passenger - 70 Litres/Head

Visitors - 15 Litres/Head

2.16.1Total Water Requirement

Water requirement for the proposed civil enclave is estimated as given below:

For Domestic Water Use

Air Passengers (500x70) - 35000 Litres

Staff (75 x45) - 3375 Litres

Visitor (100x15) - 1500 Litres

Total - 39875 Litres

Say - 40 kld

For Crush Fire Tender Water Use - 10 kl

For HVAC Use - 30 kl

Total water requirement is estimated as 80 Kl per day. The water balance

diagram is shown in Figure 2.5. The water requirement for flushing and

landscaping will be met through reuse of treated waste water from STP.



Figure 2.5: Water Balance Diagram for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

4 kl/d

36 kl/ d

Bore Well Water

Supply by State Govt. 80 kld

Fresh Water

(40 kl/d)

Water for Drinking,

Hand Washing, Food, flushing etc.

(40 kl/d)

Water for Green Belt &

Landscaping (32.4 kl/d)

(Zero Discharge)

STP (36 kl/d)

32.4 kl/d

Treated Water Storage Tank

Consumed (4 kld)

Evaporation (3.6 kl/d)

32.4 kl/d

CFT (10 Kl)

HVAC (30 Kl)



2.16.2Sources of Water

Water requirement will be met through water supply by the state govt through

tube well. As per MOU dated 16 Dec 2016 with State Govt Water will be

provided by State Govt.

Sanitary Fixtures And Toilet Accessories

Water Closet: All water closets will be wall hung with concealed dual flushing

cistern and in lodders and staff toilets WC will be provided with dual flushing

cistern. Under counter/ circular above counter wash basins with battery

operated auto sensor pillar taps will be provided.

• Flat back wash basins with CP brass self closing pillar tap will be provided

in lodders and staff toilets.

• Semi stall urinal with battery operating auto sensor flush valves.

• Frosted Glass urinal portion with metal clips.

• CP adjustable shower with Diverter and spout in rest room's and VIP toilet.

• Vitreous china recess toilet paper holder.

• Automatic soap dispenser on wash basins (Stainless steel).

• Automatic air purifier (Stainless steel).

• Toilet tissue paper holder (Stainless steel).

• Automatic electrically operated hand drier (Stainless steel).

2.16.3Water Distributions Pipe and Fittings

All external underground water pipe will be cast iron Class LA conforming to

IS:1536 with specials and lead joints.

2.16.4Disposal of Treated Waste Water

As per water balance diagram, 36 kl/d sewage/waste water will be generated

after the operation of proposed civil enclave which will be treated in STP of 50

kl/day capacity.

The water requirement for landscaping will be met through reuse of treated

waste water from STP. There will be zero discharge of treated waste water

outside the proposed civil enclave.



2.17 Sources of Pollution and Its Control

At the proposed Civil Enclave, details of emissions, effluents, solid wastes and

hazardous waste generation and their management are given below:

Source of Emissions – At the proposed Civil Enclave, sources of emissions

will be from Aircraft during taxing and at apron, vehicular emissions from

vehicles engaged in ground operations, vehicular emissions from vehicles

coming for drop and pick up of passengers and stack emission from DG sets

operations during grid power failure.

Effluents Generation and Disposal – From the proposed Civil Enclave, 36

kl sewage will be generated, which will be treated in 50 kld capacity MBBR

based sewage treatment plant. Treated waste water from STP will be used for

flushing and greenery development at the proposed Civil Enclave. There will be

zero discharge of treated waste water from the proposed Civil Enclave.

Solid Waste Generation and Its Management – Approx. 130 kg per day

solid wastes comprising paper, plastic, etc. will be generated from the proposed

Civil Enclave, which will be disposed as per Solid Waste Management Rule 2016.

Hazardous Waste Generation and Its Disposal – Approx. 40 Litres used

oil from maintenance of DG sets will be generated, which will be handed over

to MOEFC/CPCB/PPCB approved recyclers.

2.18 Connectivity

The proposed civil enclave will be approached from NH-70. As per MoU State

Govt will provide connectivity to proposed civil enclave from NH -70.

2.19 Project Cost and Time Schedule for Completion

The estimated cost of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur is Rs. 105 Crores.

The construction of the proposed Civil Enclave will be completed within two

years.



2.20 Manpower Requirement

The total estimated manpower requirement for construction and operation

phases of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur is given in Table 2.2:

Table 2.2: Estimated Manpower Requirement for Proposed Civil

Enclave

Sn. Phase Regular Contract

A. Direct Employment

1. Construction Phase 20 100 to 150

2. Operation Phase 25 70

B. Indirect Employment More than 600

EIA for Development of New Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Description of Environment


CHAPTER – 3

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction

The reconnaissance survey of the area around the proposed Civil Enclave

adjecent to Adampur Airforce Station was carried out on 10th November 2017

and the field studies were carried out for one season during winter season

(from 15th November 2017 to 15th Februrary 2018) to collect baseline primary

and secondary data for the baseline environmental scenario in the study area

for the EIA study.

A comprehensive primary and secondary data collection program was

undertaken to assess the status of baseline environment conditions within the

study area, as per the TOR issued by MOEF&CC for carrying out the EIA/EMP

study for one season from 15 November 2017 to 15 Februrary 2018 during

winter season. The area covered by 10 km radius around the proposed Civil

Encalve site has been considered for the study.

Land, surface and ground water, soil, meteorology, ambient air, ambient noise

constitute the physical environment, while flora and fauna constitute the

biological environment of the study area. Demographic and socio-economic

conditions of the study area were also studied during the study period. The

environmental monitoring was carried out for ambient air quality, water quality,

soil characteristics, noise levels, meteorology, etc. Physical, biological and

socio-economic environmental conditions within 10 km radius study have been

discussed in the following sections.

3.2 Topography And Physiography

The area is part of Bist Doab tract, which is inter alluvial plain between Beas

and Satluj River. Physiographically, the area is characterised by two distinct

features i.e. vast upland plain and Satluj flood plain. The area is mainly drained

by the river Satluj and its tributaries. Bist Doab Canal (Jalandhar Branch) is

flowing in the area. The area is level plain. Topography is having altitude

varying 237 m to 266 m amsl within the 10 km radius study area. The ground

elevation at the site is 245 m to 246 m amsl. The site of the proposed civil

encalve is not affected by flood.



3.3 Geology of the Area

The area is underlain by Sub- recent to Quaternary alluvium comprising sand,

gravel, pebbles, Kankar and clay. Older alluvium occupies the uplands all over

the district except along the river Sutlej. It is also found underlying the younger

alluvium in the flood plains of Sutlej. The older alluvium belongs to lower to

middle Pleistocene age, while younger alluvium belongs to upper Pleistocene

to recent age.

3.4 Soil of the Study Area

The area is occupied by two types of soils a) tropical arid brown and b) arid

brown soils. Tropical brown soils are found in major parts of the district whereas

arid brown soils are found in south western part of the district especially in

Lohian and part of Shahkot block. Along the river Satluj, fluvent type of soil is

found.

3.4.1 Soil Characteristics

To understand the soil characteristics, 8 locations in the study area were

selected for soil sampling. The soil sampling locations are presented in Table

3.1 and shown in Figure 3.1. Composite sampling of soil upto root depth (10

- 15 cm) was carried out at each location.

Table 3.1: Soil Sampling Locations

Code Location Latitude & Longitude

Distance w.r.t. Proposed Civil Enclave Site

(km)

Direction w.r.t. Civil

Enclave

S 1 Damunda (Project Site)

31°25'13.48"N 75°45'46.26"E

- -

S 2 Adampur

31°26'11.59"N 75°43'11.30"E

4.4 WNW

S 3 Kondola

31°25'25.86"N 75°45'22.10"E

0.8 NW

S 4 Daroli Khurd

31°23'58.98"N 75°45'33.92"E

2.1 SSW

S 5 Daroli Kalan

31°24'29.18"N 75°47'3.93"E

2.5 SSE

S 6 Ghurial

31°26'43.28"N 75°47'59.60"E

4.2 ENE





(km)


Enclave

S 7 Pandori Nijjaram

31°27'50.22"N 75°43'22.85"E

5.6 NW

S 8 Hirapur Rorowala

31°23'14.00"N 75°42'54.24"E

5.9 SW

The value of important physical and chemical parameters of these soil samples

are given in Table 3.2. From the tabulated values, the following conclusions

can be made about the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil

samples. Details of soil sampling locations are given in Table 3.2.

Texture: Soil samples from all eight locations are loam and clay loam in

texture.

pH: pH was determined by taking 1:5 ratio of soil and distilled water. pH of soil

in the study area is found to be slightly alkaline in the range of 7.69 to 8.28.

Bulk Density: Bulk density of soil in the study area is found to be in the range

from 1.21 to 1.38 g/cc.

Electrical Conductivity: Electrical conductivity of the soil in the study area is

found to be in the range of 0.068 to 0.233 µs/cm.

Available Nitrogen: Available Nitrogen content of the soil samples in the

study area ranges from 256 to 382 kg/ha.

Available Phosphorous: Available Phosphorous content of the soil samples

in the study area ranges from 23.8 to 51.7 kg/ha.

Available Potassium: Available Potassium content of the soil samples in the

study area ranges from 158 to 230 kg/ha.

Exchangeable Calcium: Calcium content of the soil samples in the study area

ranges from 10.7 to 15.8 meq/100g.

Exchangeable Magnesium: Exchangeable Magnesium content of the soil

samples in the study area ranges from 3.66 to 6.35 meq/100g.



Exchangeable Sodium: Exchangeable Sodium content of the soil samples in

the study area ranges from 0.62 to 1.47 meq/100g.

Organic Matter: Organic matter of the soil in the study area is found to be in the range from 0.54 to 1.14 %.

Figure 3.1: Soil Sampling Locations of the Study Area



Table 3.2: Soil Characteristics of the Study Area

S. No.

Parameters Test Method S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8

1 pH IS -2720(Part 26) 1987(RA 2011)

7.69 7.71 8.11 7.86 7.93 7.78 7.91 8.28

2 Bulk Density, g/cc FAO Chapter 3, ABCTL/SOIL/SOP 1

1.25 1.33 1.21 1.38 1.32 1.26 1.35 1.37

3 Electrical Conductivity, mS/cm

IS -14767:2000 (RA 2010)

0.086 0.124 0.214 0.096 0.112 0.068 0.154 0.233

4 Available Nitrogen, kg/ha IS -14684:1999, Reaff:2008

328 256 361 282 318 382 290 271

5 Available Phosphorous, kg/ha

FAO Chapter 3, ABCTL/SOIL/SOP 2

41.6 28.4 51.7 36.4 47.9 23.8 39.7 42.4

6 Available Potassium, kg/ha FAO Chapter 3, ABCTL/SOIL/SOP 7

252 174 281 173 207 228 158 230

7 Exchangeable Calcium as Ca, m.eq/100g


10.7 13.8 15.8 12.1 13.3 14.8 13.6 11.8

8 Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg, m.eq/100g


3.66 4.71 5.08 6.34 3.87 5.21 4.74 6.35

9 Exchangeable Sodium as Na, m.eq/100g


0.84 1.24 1.47 0.62 1.05 0.71 0.83 1.14

10 Organic matter (%) IS 2720 (Part 22):1972, Reaff:2010

0.78 1.14 0.93 0.67 0.86 0.54 0.73 0.64

11 Texture Classification

Robinson Pipette Method

Loam Loam Clay Loam

Loam Loam Clay Loam

Loam Clay Loam

12 Sand (%) 41.2 38.6 35.6 46.4 31.1 41.4 41.6 31.4

13 Clay (%) 19.8 24.1 38.2 25.6 24.8 32.7 22.3 35.7

13 Silt (%) 39 37.3 26.2 28 44.1 25.9 36.1 32.9 Soil Sampling Locations: S-1:Damunda-Project Site, S-2:Adampur, S-3:Kondola, S-4: Darolikhurd, S-5: Darolikalan, S-6: Ghurial, S-7: Pandorinijjaram, and S-8: Hirapur Rorowala, Date of Sampling: 12 December 2017.



3.5 Hydrogeology of the Study Area

3.5.1 Hydrogeological Set-up

The study of the cross section shows that persistent clay beds occur at various

depths. The first clay bed occurs at the depth of 10- 30m below ground level

varying in thickness from 5 to 15 m. clay is plastic and brown in colour with

little Kankar. Second prominent clay bed occurs between 25 to 65 m and the

third at 65 - 120 m below ground level. The second and third clay beds are very

thick and almost merge together, separated only by thin layers of sand.

Between these two places there is another fourth clay zone within the drilled

depth. The clay is sticky, white buff in colour mixed with little kankar and fine

sand. The first unconfined aquifer is encountered at the depth around 4-6m

below ground level. The aquifer is comprised of medium to coarse sand with

gravel. The thickness of the aquifer diminishes towards south - west direction.

However, its average thickness is around 20 m. Within the first aquifer occurs

a clay bed which is persistent in nature.

Figure 3.2 : Hydrogeological Map of Jalandhar District



3.5.2 Water Level Behavior Pre -Monsoon

During the pre-monsoon period depth to water in the district varies from 6.22m

bgl to 31.59 m bgl. Depth of water level during pre-monsoon (May) are given

in Figure 3.3.

Figure 3.3: Pre-monsoon Period Depth to Water in the District



Post Monsoon During the post-monsoon period depth to water in the district varies from

7.28m bgl to 31.86m bgl. Depth of water level during pre-monsoon (May) are

given in Figure 3.4.

Figure 3.4: Post-monsoon Period Depth to Water in the District



Seasonal Fluctuation

Water level rise upto 2m has been observed in elongated strip passing through

central of the district covering parts of Adampur, Bhogpur, Jallandhar East

Jallandhar west and Rurka Kalan blocks of the district.

Seasonal fluctuation of ground water is shown Figure 3.5.

Figure 3.5: Seasonal Fluctuation of Ground Water in the District



Ground Water Flow Direction The elevation of the water table in the district varies from 205 m to 240 m

above mean sea level. Average gradient of the water table is in the order of

1.08 m/km. Overall flow of ground water is towards south-west direction.

Drinking Water Supply Entire drinking water supply to all the rural as well as urban sectors of the

district is based on only ground water through deep tube wells drilled down to

the depth of 150 m. These tubewells tap aquifer zones from a depth range of

55 m to 143m. On an average 35m thick aquifer is tapped for extracting Ground

water.

3.6 Water Resources and Quality

Water resources of the study area are classified into the following categories:

• Surface Water Resources: Bist Doab Canal (Jalandhar Branch), its

distributaries, minor, natural drains, Rau nala, etc.

• Ground Water Resources: Accumulation of water in deeper strata of ground.

The source of recharging for surface water and ground water in the area are

from the atmospheric precipitation, which is in the form of rainfall and canal,

distributories and minors flowing in the study area.

3.6.1 Surface Water Resources

There is no natural perennial river in the area. The following surface water

sources were observed in the area:

1. Bist Doab Canal,

2. Jandusingha Distributary,

3. Hirapur Distributary,

4. Other distributaries,

5. Rau Nala, and

6. Natural drains which carry runoff during rains.



3.6.2 Ground Water Resources Ground water is the dominant water source in the area. The sources of

recharging of ground water are from precipitation (rainfall) and through canals,

Distributaries and minors flowing in the area. In the area groundwater is drawn

mostly by hand pumps for domestic purpose and by tube wells for agricultural

purpose.

3.6.3 Ground Water Quality in Study Area

The quality of ground and surface water is influenced by surface and sub-

surface environmental conditions. The quantity and quality of water entering

the underground regime is another important parameter which influences

underground water quality.

Water quality in the study area has been studied for assessing the water

environment and to evaluate anticipated impacts of the proposed Civil Enclave.

Based on the reconnaissance survey, sampling locations were finalized keeping

the following criteria as basis:

• drainage pattern;

• location of residential areas representing different activities/likely impact

areas; and

• likely areas which can represent baseline conditions.

A. Water Sampling Locations

For assessing the ground water quality in the study area, water samples were

collected from 8 locations from the study area, i.e. at Damunda (Project Site),

Adampur, Kondola, Darolikhurd, Darolikalan, Ghurial, Pandori Nijjaram and

Hirapur Rorowala. Surface Water Samples collected from Bist Doab canal and

Jandusingha Distributary. The samples were collected and analyzed as per the

procedures specified in 'Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and

Wastewater' published by American Public Health Association (APHA). The

details of ground and surface water sampling locations are given in Table 3.3

are shown in Figure 3.6.



Table 3.3: Ground and Surface Water Sampling Locations



(km)


Enclave

Ground Water Sampling

GW 1 Damunda (Project Site)

31°25'2.44"N 75°45'49.86"E

0.6 S

GW 2 Adampur

31°25'52.23"N 75°43'15.76"E

3.7 WNW

GW 3 Kondola

31°25'16.96"N 75°45'20.00"E

0.6 NW

GW 4 Daroli Khurd

31°24'7.81"N 75°45'26.96"E

2.3 SSW

GW 5 Daroli Kalan

31°24'42.12"N 75°47'5.13"E

2.3 SSE

GW 6 Ghurial

31°26'38.22"N 75°47'44.90"E

3.9 ENE

GW 7 Pandori Nijjaram

31°27'35.80"N 75°43'26.93"E

5.5 NW

GW 8 Hirapur Rorowala

31°23'16.50"N 75°42'43.84"E

6.1 SW

Surface Water Sampling

SW 1 Bist Doab Canal

31°24'57.49"N 75°44'36.98"E

1.4 SW

SW 2 Jandusingha Distributary

31°25'23.80"N 75°43'38.31"E

3.2 W

Samples for chemical analysis were collected in polyethylene carboys. Samples

collected for metal content were acidified with 1 ml HNO3. Samples for

bacteriological analysis are collected in sterilized glass bottles. Selected

physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed for projecting the existing

water quality status in the study area.

B. Characteristics of Ground Water Samples

The collected water samples were analysed for organoleptic & physical and

chemical parameters as parameters described in IS:10500:2012. These surface

water samples were analyzed as IS:2296. Table 3.4 gives desirable and

permissible limits prescribed for potable water in IS:10500: 2012.



Table 3.4: Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water

Sl. No.

Characteristic Requirement (Acceptable

Limit)

Permissible Limit in the Absence of Alternate

Source

Protocol

I Organoleptic and Physical Parameters

i) Colour, Hazen units, Max 5 15 IS 3025 (Part 4)

ii) Odour Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 5a)

iii) pH value 6.5-8.5 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 11)

iv) Taste Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 7&8)

v) Turbidity, NTU, Max 1 5 IS 3025 (Part 10)

vi) Total dissolved solids, mg/l, Max

500 2000 IS 3025 (Part 16)

II General Parameters Concerning Substances Undesirable in Excessive Amounts

i) Aluminium (as Al), mg/l, Max

0.03 0.2 IS 3025 (Part 55)

ii) Ammonia (as total ammonia-N), mg/l, Max

0.5 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 34)

iii) Anionic detergents (as MBAS) mg/l, Max

0.2 1.0 IS 13428

iv) Barium (as Ba), mg/l, Max 0.7 No relaxation

IS 15302

v) Boron (as B), mg/l, Max 0.5 1.0 IS 3025 (Part 57)

vi) Calcium (as Ca), mg/l, Max 75 200 IS 3025 (Part 40)

vii) Chloramines (as Cl2), mg/l, Max

4.0 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 26)

viii) Chloride (as Cl), mg/l, Max 250 1000 IS 3025 (Part 32)

ix) Copper (as Cu), mg/l, Max 0.05 1.5 IS 3025 (Part 42)

x) Fluoride (as F) mg/l, Max 1.0 1.5 IS 3025 (Part 60)

xi) Free residual chlorine, mg/l, Min

0.2 1 IS 3025 (Part 26)

xii) Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max 0.3 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 53)

xiii) Magnesium (as Mg), mg/l, Max

30 100 IS 3025 (Part 46)

xiv) Manganese (as Mn), mg/l, Max

0.1 0.3 IS 3025 (Part 59)

xv) Mineral oil, mg/l, Max 0.5 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 39)

xvi) Nitrate (as NO3), mg/l, Max 45 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 34)

xvii) Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH), mg/l, Max

0.001 0.002 IS 3025 (Part 43)



Sl. No.


Limit)


Source

Protocol

xviii) Selenium (as Se), mg/l, Max

0.01 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 56)

xix) Silver (as Ag), mg/l, Max 0.1 No relaxation

IS 13428

xx) Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l, Max

200 400 IS 3025 (Part 24)

xxi) Sulphide (as H2S), mg/l, Max

0.05 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 29)

xxii) Total alkalinity as Calcium, mg/l, Max

200 600 IS 3025 (Part 23)

xxiii) Total hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l, Max

200 600 IS 3025 (Part 21)

xxiv) Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max 5 15 IS 3025 (Part 49)

III Parameters Concerning Toxic Substances

i) Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, Max

0.003 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 41)

ii) Cyanide (as CN), mg/l, Max

0.05 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 27)

iii) Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max 0.01 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 47)

iv) Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, Max

0.001 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 48)

v) Molybdenum (as Mo), mg/l, Max

0.07 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 2)

vi) Nickel (as Ni), mg/l, Max 0.02 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 54)

vii) Polychlorinated biphenyls, mg/l, Max

0.0005 No relaxation

APHA 6630

viii) Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (as PAH), mg/l, Max

0.0001 No relaxation

APHA 6630

ix) Total Arsenic (as As), mg/l, Max

0.01 0.05 IS 3025 (Part 37)

x) Total chromium (as Cr), mg/l, Max

0.05 No relaxation

IS 3025 (Part 52

xi) Trihalomethanes

a) Bromoform, mg/l, Max 0.1 No relaxation

ASTM D 3973-85 or APHA 6232

b) Dibromochloromethane, mg/l, Max

0.1 No relaxation


c) Bromodichloromethane, mg/l, Max

0.06 No relaxation




Sl. No.


Limit)


Source

Protocol

d) Chloroform, mg/l, Max 0.2 No relaxation


IV Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water

i All water intended for drinking, a) E. coli or thermotolerant coliform bacteria (TCB)

Shall not be detectable in any 100 ml sample

Source: Bureau of Indian Standard Code IS: 10500:2012

The analysis results of ground water samples collected during the study period

are given in Table 3.5.

Colour: The colour of ground water samples was found <1 hazen unit and

meets the acceptable limit of drinking water standards.

Odour: The odour in ground water samples was agreeable and meets the

acceptable limit for drinking water standards.

pH: The pH value of all ground water samples ranges from 7.27 to 7.91 and

meets the acceptable drinking water standards.

Turbidity: Turbidity of water samples was found < 1 NTU unit and meets

acceptable limit at all the ground water sampling locations.

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS in ground water samples range from 166

to 394 mg/l and meet acceptable limit of 500 mg/l in all the ground water

sampling locations.

Total Hardness: Total hardness of ground water samples ranges between 62

mg/l to 240 mg/l and meets acceptable limit of 200 mg/l in all the ground water

sampling locations except Daroli Khurd, where total hardness value is within

permissible limit (600 mg/l) in the absence of alternate source of water.

Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in ground water samples ranges from 88 mg/l

to 248 mg/l and meets acceptable limit of 200 mg/l in all the ground water



sampling locations except Daroli Khurd, where total alkalinity value is within

permissible limit (600 mg/l) in the absence of alternate source of water.

Iron: Iron content in all ground water sample ranges from BDL to 0.21 mg/l

and meets acceptable limit of 0.3 mg/l at all the ground water sampling

locations.

Chloride: Chloride content in ground water samples range from 24 mg/l to

88.1 mg/l and meets acceptable limit of 250 mg/l at all the ground water

sampling locations.

Calcium: Calcium content in ground water samples ranges from 14.4 mg/l to

63 mg/l and meets acceptable limit of 75 mg/l at all the ground water sampling

locations.

Magnesium: Magnesium content in ground water samples ranges from 3.9

mg/l to 28 mg/l and meets acceptable limit of 30 mg/l at all the ground water

sampling locations.

Sulphate: Sulphate content in ground water samples ranges from 10 to 82

mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 200 mg/l at all the ground water

sampling locations.

Nitrate: Nitrate content in ground water samples ranges from 1.2 mg/l to 5.5

mg/l and meet the acceptable limit of 45 mg/l at all the ground water sampling

locations.

Fluoride: Fluoride content in ground water samples ranges from 0.3 mg/l to

0.49 at all locations meets acceptable limit of 1 mg/l at all the ground water

sampling locations.

Phosphate: Phosphate content in ground water samples ranges from <0.01

mg/l to 0.08 mg/l.

Zinc: Zinc content in ground water samples ranges from 0.04 to 0.12 mg/l and

meets the acceptable limit 5 mg/l at all the ground water sampling locations.



Manganese: Manganese content in ground water samples was found BDL

and meets the acceptable limit 0.01 mg/l at all the ground water sampling

locations.

Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water: Total Coliform including

Escherichia Coli (E. coli) was not be detectable in any ground water sample.

Other Parameters : Copper (Cu), Phenolic compounds, Mercury (Hg),

Cadmium (Cd), Selenium (Se), Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Total Chromium (Cr)

contents were found below detection limit (BDL) in ground water samples.

III. Conclusions

The results of ground water samples were compared to Indian Standard

Specification of drinking water IS: 10500:2012. Most of analysed parameters

meets acceptable limit. The ground water resources in the study area were

found fit for drinking purpose.



Figure 3.6: Ground and Surface Water Sampling Locations



Table 3.5: Ground Water Quality in the Study Area during Study Period S.

No.

Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8

1 Temperature °C 25.4 26.1 26.5 25.8 26.4 25.8 27.1 26.2

2 Colour Hazen <1 <1 <1 <1 1 <1 1 <1

3 Odour - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4 pH at 25°C - 7.57 7.63 7.34 7.91 7.48 7.55 7.27 7.49

5 Turbidity NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 1 <1 1 <1

6 Conductivity at 25 °C μS/cm 635 284 393 627 405 680 450 604

7 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 374 166 224 360 230 394 262 336

8 Total Hardness as CaCO3

mg/l 96 90 130 240 144 196 62 206

9 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3

mg/l 144 88 110 248 138 184 146 194

10 Chloride as Cl mg/l 88 31 60 63 24 45 26 69

11 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 59 11 11 17 24 82 29 10

12 Fluoride as F mg/l 0.36 0.3 0.23 0.16 0.29 0.46 0.49 0.4

13 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l BDL (<1)

4.2 2.6 3.5 5.5 2.1 1.2 1.8

14 Ammonia as NH3 mg/l BDL

(<0.05) BDL

(<0.05) BDL

(<0.05) BDL

(<0.05) BDL

(<0.05) BDL

(<0.05) BDL

(<0.05) BDL

(<0.05)

15 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l 0.03 0.07 BDL

(<0.01) 0.05 0.08 0.04 0.10 0.06

16 Sodium as Na mg/l 107 22 33 39 26 67 75 51

17 Potassium as K mg/l 4.8 5 1.1 7 3.3 1.3 1.1 3

18 Calcium as Ca mg/l 14.4 28 31 50 51 63 18 52

19 Magnesium as Mg mg/l 14.6 6 12 28 3.9 10 3.9 17.4

20 Iron as Fe mg/l 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.21 0.08 BDL

(<0.05)

0.08 0.14

21 Manganese as Mn mg/l BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)



S. No.


22 Phenolic compounds

as Phenol

mg/l BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

23 Copper as Cu mg/l BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

24 Mercury as Hg mg/l BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

25 Cadmium as Cd mg/l BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

BDL

(<0.001)

26 Selenium as Se mg/l BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

27 Total Arsenic as As mg/l BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

28 Cyanide as CN mg/l BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

BDL

(<0.05)

29 Lead as Pd mg/l BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

BDL

(<0.01)

30 Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.07 0.03 0.12 0.04 0.17 0.05 0.11 0.08

31 Total Chromium as Cr mg/l BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

32 Nickel mg/l BDL

(<0.02)

BDL

(<0.02)

BDL

(<0.02)

BDL

(<0.02)

BDL

(<0.02)

BDL

(<0.02)

BDL

(<0.02)

BDL

(<0.02)

33 Aluminium as Al mg/l BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

BDL

(<0.03)

34 Total Coliform Count MPN/

100ml

Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent



S. No.


35 Faecal Coliform Count MPN/

100ml

Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

Gound Water Sampling Locations: : GW-1:Damunda-Project Site, GW-2:Adampur, GW-3:Kondola, GW-4: Darolikhurd, GW-5: Darolikalan, GW-6: Ghurial, GW-7: Pandorinijjaram, and GW-8: Hirapur Rorowala

Date of Sampling: 11 & 12 December 2017.



3.6.4 Surface Water Quality in Study Area

During the study period, surface water samples were collected and analysed

from Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha Distributary of this canal. The analysis

results for surface water samples are given in Table 3.6. The characteristics

of surface water samples are described below:

Colour: The colour of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha Distributary water

samples were found <2 hazen unit, respectively.

Turbidity: Turbidity of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha Distributary water

samples was found 2.1 and 2.3 NTU, respectively.

pH: pH of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha Distributary water samples was

found 7.67 and 7.64, respectively.

Total Hardness: Total hardness of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha

Distributary water samples was found 47.1 and 48.1 mg/l, respectively.

Iron: Iron content in Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha Distributary water

samples was found below detection limit.

Chloride: Chloride content of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha Distributary

water samples was found 3.7 and 3.6 mg/l, respectively.

Total Suspended Solids (TSS): Total Suspendeds Solid in Bist Doab Canal

and Jandusingha Distributary water samples was found 22 and 27 mg/l,

respectively.

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS of Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha

Distributary water samples was found 176 and 178 mg/l, respectively.

Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity of Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha


Calcium: Calcium content of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha Distributary




Magnesium: Magnesium content of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha


Sulphate: Sulphate content of Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha Distributary


Nitrate: Nitrate content of Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha Distributary water

samples was found 0.34 and 0.37 mg/l, respectively.

Fluoride: Fluoride content of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha Distributary


Desolved Solid (DO): Desolved Oxygen in Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha


Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD): Biological Oxygen Demand in Bist Doab

canal and Jandusingha Distributary water samples was found 2.1 and 2.2 mg/l,

respectively.

Chemical Oxygen Demand (CDO): Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in Bist

Doab Canal and Jandusingha Distributary water samples was found 12.7 and

12.6 mg/l, respectively.

Total Coliform: Total Coliform in Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha

Distributary water samples was found 3.1x103 and 4.4x103 mg/l, respectively.

Faecal Coliform: Faecal Coliform in Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha

Distributary water samples was found 1.2x103 and 1.3x103 mg/l, respectively.

Conclusions: The results of Bist Doab Canal and Jandusingha Distributary

sample was compared to Indian Standard Specification of Drinking Water IS:

10500:2012. The surface water quality of Bist Doab canal and Jandusingha

Distributary is not fit for drinking and require treatment of water for disinfection.

Table 3.6: Analysis Results of Surface Water Samples

Sn. Parameters Unit Bist Doab Canal

Jandusingha Distributary

1. Colour Hazen <2 <2

2. Turbidity NTU 2.1 2.3



Sn. Parameters Unit Bist Doab Canal

Jandusingha Distributary

3 pH -- 7.67 7.64

4. Total Hardness mg/l 47.1 48.1

5. Iron (Fe) mg/l BDL BDL

6. Chloride (Cl) mg/l 3.7 3.6

7. Conductivity uS/cm 293 296

8. Total Suspended

Solids

mg/l 22 27

9. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 176 178

10. Alkalinity mg/l 93.6 93.1

11. Calcium (Ca) mg/l 11.8 11.7

12. Magnesium (Mg) mg/l 4.3 4.6

13. Sulphate (SO4) mg/l 10.3 10.1

14. Nitrate (NO3) mg/l 0.34 0.37

15. Fluoride (F) mg/l 0.08 0.09

16. Copper (Cu) mg/l 0.01 0.02

17. Manganese (Mn) mg/l BDL BDL

18. Phenolic Compounds mg/l BDL BDL

19. Mercury (Hg) mg/l BDL BDL

20. Cadmium (Cd) mg/l BDL BDL

21. Selenium (Se) mg/l BDL BDL

22. Arsenic (As) mg/l BDL BDL

23. Cyanide (CN) mg/l BDL BDL

24. Lead (Pb) mg/l BDL BDL

25. Zinc (Zn) mg/l 1.62 1.64

26. Anionic Detergents mg/l 0.06 0.07

27. Hexa. Chromium (Cr+6) mg/l BDL BDL

28. Mineral Oil mg/l BDL BDL

29. Pesticides mg/l BDL BDL

30. Aluminum (as Al) mg/l BDL BDL

31. Boron mg/l BDL BDL

32. DO mg/l 7.6 7.7

33. BOD mg/l 2.1 2.2

34. COD mg/l 12.7 12.6

35. Total Coliform MPN/100 ml 3.1x103 4.4x103

36. Faecal Coliform MPN/100 ml 1.2x103 1.3x103

Date of Sampling: 12 December 2017.



3.7 Climatology and Meteorology

3.7.1 Introduction

The meteorological parameters play a vital role in transport and diffusion of

pollutants in the atmosphere. The collection and analysis of meteorological

data, therefore, is an essential component of environmental impact assessment

studies. The long term and short-term impact assessment could be made

through utilization and interpretation of meteorological data collected over long

and short periods, respectively.

3.7.2 Climatology

Climatological (long-term) data is obtained from the closest Indian Meteorology

Department (IMD) station or from any other nearby station, which has been

collecting meteorological data for more than ten years. Climatological data for

proposed site was obtained and the same is discussed in following subsections.

Climatological Data For the Proposed Project A. Seasons The climate of the area is on the whole dry except during the brief south-west

monsoon season. The year may be divided into four seasons. The cold season

is from the middle of November to early part of March. The succeeding period

upto the end of June is the summer season, July, August and first half of

September constitute the South-West monsoon season. The period from middle

September to the middle of November is the post monsoon or transition period.

B. Temperature

Table 3.7 gives the temperatures at Kapurthala IMD station. January is

generally the coldest month with the highest temperature at about 19 oC and

the lowest temperature at about 2.1 oC during the winter season. After

February, temperature begins to rise rapidly. June is generally the hottest

month with the highest temperature at about 44.6oC and the lowest

temperature 20.2oC. Scorching dust laden winds blow on many days in the

summer season and the day temperatures on individual days may reach above

45 oC. Due to increase moisture in the monsoon air, the weather is often sultry



and uncomfortable, in between these rains. As the monsoon withdraws by mid-

September temperatures decrease and night temperature drop rapidly. Highest

and lowest temperatures in the area are given Table 3.7.

Table 3.7: Highest and Lowest Temperatures in the Area

Month Highest Temperature

(oC)

Lowest Temperature

(oC)

Relative Humidity (%)

08.30 17.30

January 22.1 2.1 87 74

February 25.3 3.3 81 70

March 30.9 6.2 78 69

April 39.5 11.4 67 60

May 43.6 16,6 64 57

June 44.6 20.2 66 55

July 41.0 20.2 82 76

August 37.3 20.9 89 83

September 37.4 18.2 83 73

October 35.4 12.4 77 67

November 31.2 6.2 80 66

December 24.5 2.6 84 69

Annual 44.4 2.1 79 68

Source: IMD Station, Kapurthala

Humidity

Table 3.7 also gives the relative humidity (RH) data at Kapurthala IMD Station.

During brief south-west monsoon months and for spells of a day or two in

association with the passing western disturbances high humidity prevails in the

district. In the rest of the year, the humidity is low. The driest port of the year

is the summer season when in the afternoons the relative humidity is 55

percent.

The highest & lowest temperatures and monthly relative humidity are given in

Figures 3.7 and 3.8, respectively.



Rainfall

Rainfall data for the area is given in Table 3.8. Total rainfall received in the

area is 667.3 mm. Rainy months are July, August and September, which

receives 68.4 % rains. On an average, there are 36 rainy days (i.e. days with

rainfall of 2.5 mm or more) in a year in the district. Graphical presentation of

rainfall and rainy days is given in Figure 3.9 and 3.10, respectively.

Table 3.8 : Rainfall Data for The Area

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual 23.6 30.8 34.4 19.8 29.9 44.7 174.4 184.5 97.2 9.7 6.7 11.7 667.3

(1.9) (3.0) (3.1) (2.00 (1.8) (3.0) (7.5) (7.9) (3.5) (0.6) (0.6) (1.1) (36.0)

Note: Rainfall data is given in mm. Values given in pranthices are rainy days.


Figure 3.7: Maximum and Minimum Temperature

Figure 3.8: Monthly Relative Humidity



Figure 3.9: Monthly Rainfall (mm)

Figure 3.10: Monthly Rainy days



Wind Speed

Mean wind speed in the area is given Table 3.9 and shown in Figure 3.11.

Annual average wind speed at Kapurthala IMD station is 3.4 kmph. Highest

average monthly wind speed is observed to be in June (4.9 kmph) while lowest

(2.1 kmph) in November month.

Table 3.9: Wind Speed in the Area

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual

2.8 3.8 4.2 4.2 4.5 4.9 4.0 3.0 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.2 3.4

Wind Direction

Wind direction and wind speed for Kapurthala IMD station at 8:30 hours and

17:30 hours are also given in Table 3.10. Pre-dominant winds are from E-SE

sector to W-NW Sector. Calm period is 24% to 61% of total winds.

Table 3.10: Wind Direction in the Area

Sn Months N NE E SE S SW W NW Calm

1. January 6 0 12 8 2 2 9 9 52

11 0 12 8 4 2 17 9 37

2. February 13 3 13 8 2 2 8 7 44

12 1 13 8 5 1 18 9 33

3. March 13 5 12 8 4 2 9 8 39

26 2 8 7 6 1 18 8 24

4. April 12 2 17 8 4 2 9 6 40

12 1 14 7 4 2 28 8 24

5. May 11 2 10 11 6 2 4 8 46

Figure 3.11: Monthly Wind Speed In the Area



Sn Months N NE E SE S SW W NW Calm

8 1 11 8 4 1 20 9 38

6. June 10 6 14 19 7 2 3 8 31

9 2 12 11 6 1 13 7 39

7. July 4 1 17 16 9 1 2 3 47

12 0 12 12 6 1 13 3 41

8. August 9 2 15 15 4 0 4 3 48

15 1 11 13 5 1 11 5 38

9. September

10 2 7 12 7 3 4 8 47

11 0 10 10 4 2 18 9 36

10. October 9 3 11 6 4 2 5 6 54

19 2 9 5 5 3 19 7 31

11. November 9 1 11 5 3 1 4 5 61

11 0 11 3 3 0 15 6 51

12. December 10 2 11 7 4 2 10 7 47

12 2 6 6 6 2 16 10 40

Annual 10 2 12 10 5 2 6 7 46

13 1 11 8 5 1 17 8 36


Cloudiness: The skies are heavily clouded and over cast on a few days during

the south-west monsoon and for spells of a day or two in association with

passing western disturbances during the cold season. During the rest of the

year, the skies are mostly clear or lightly clouded.

Special Weather Phenomenon

During the cold season, western disturbances after the weather over the area

when thunder storms occur. Dust storms and thunder storms occurs in the

summer season and rain during the monsoon is after associated with

thunder. Special weather phenomena for Kapurthala IMD station is also given

in Table 3.11. Precipitation 0.3 mm or more is for 39.5 days. Fog is observed

only 1.4 days in a year. Dust storm is observed 0.8 day in a year. Thunder is

observed on 0.4 days. Hail and Squall are rare in the area.

Table 3.11: Special Weather Phenomena in the Area

Months PPT 0.3 mm or more

Hail Thunder Fog Dust Storm

Squall

January 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0



Months PPT 0.3 mm or more

Hail Thunder Fog Dust Storm

Squall

February 3.3 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0

March 3.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

April 1.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0

May 2.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

June 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0

July 8.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

August 7.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

September 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

October 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

November 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

December 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0

Annual 39.5 0.1 0.4 1.4 0.8 0.0


3.7.3 Micro Meteorological Data For The Site

Micrometeorology data changes after a few kilometers due to changes in local

topography. Furthermore, IMD data recorded only at 8:30 AM and 5:30 PM for

only eight wind directions with wind speeds over widely spaced ranges is not

of much use in dispersion modeling. Because of these limitations,

micrometeorological data was collected near site round the clock.

The meteorological data, such as, wind speed and direction, ambient

temperature, and relative humidity was collected near the site and is presented

in Table 3.12 for winter season.

Table 3.12: Summary of Micro Meteorological Conditions Near the Site

Parameter Winter Season

Temperature

Max (oC)

Min (oC)

34.2

2.9

Relative Humidity

Max (%)

Min (%)

83.5

69.8

Wind Speed



Parameter Winter Season

Max (kmph)

Min (kmph)

Mean (kmph)

2.9

1.8

2.6

Predominant Wind Direction

Day Time

Night Time

From E towards W Sector

From W towards E Sector

A. Temperature

The maximum ambient temperature recorded near the site during the study

period was 34.2 ˚C, while minimum temperature was recorded as 2.9 ˚C.

B. Relative Humidity

During the study period, maximum relative humidity recorded near site was

83.5% while minimum humidity was recorded as 69.8%.

C. Wind Speed

During the study period, maximum wind speed recorded near the site was 2.9

kmph while minimum wind speed was recorded as 1.8 kmph. Mean wind speed

during the study period recorded as 2.6 kmph.

D. Wind Pattern

During the study period, predominant wind direction during day time were

recorded from East towards West, while during night time winds were from

West to East. Wind rose diagram for Day time and Night time for study period

are shown in Figure 3.12 and 3.13, respectively.

3.8 Ambient Air Quality

3.8.1 Introduction

To study, the baseline air quality scenario in the study area, eight ambient air

quality monitoring (AAQM) stations were selected in the study area in different

directions and at different distances from the proposed Civil Enclave site



keeping in view of the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and

Climate Change (MOEF&CC), Government of India.

3.8.2 Methodology of Monitoring and Analysis

Envirotech APM 460 BL Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS) and Sampler

(Envirotech APM 550)/Ecotech (AAS 127) fine particulate matter were deployed

for ambient air quality monitoring.

The baseline ambient air quality was monitored for the following parameters:

• Particulate Matter (PM2.5);

• Particulate Matter (PM10);

• Sulphur dioxide (SO2);

• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2);

• Ozone (O3);

• Lead (Pb);

• Carbon Monoxide (CO);

• Ammonia (NH3);

• Benzene (C6H6);

• Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP);

• Arsenic (As); and

• Nickel (Ni).

Sampling and Analytical Techniques

PM2.5 and PM10 have been estimated by gravimetric method. Modified West and

Gaeke method (IS-5182 part-II, 1969) have been adopted for estimation of

SO2. Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS-5182 part-IV, 1975) has been adopted for

the estimation of NO2.

Samples for carbon monoxide were analysed using NDIR techniques. The

techniques adopted for sampling and analysis are given in Table 3.13 along

with the minimum detection limits for each parameter.



Figure 3.12: DayTime Wind Rose Diagram



Figure 3.13: Night Time Wind Rose Diagram



Table 3.13: Techniques Used For Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

S.

No.

Parameter Technique Detectable

Limit

(µg/m3)

1. Particulate Matter

(PM10)

Gravimetric [EPA -40 (CFR Part 50)] 2.0

2. Particulate Matter

(PM2.5)

Gravimetric [EPA -40 (CFR Part 50)] 2.0

3. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Improved West and Gaeke 5.0

4. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Modified Jacob & Hochheiser 5.0

5. Carbon Monoxide (CO) NDIR [IS 13270 : 1992] 0.1

6. Ammonia (NH3) Nesslers Method (APHA) 20

7. Ozone (O3) KI Absorption Method 5.0

8. Lead (Pb) AAS Method [IS 5182 (Part 22) :

2004]

0.1

9. Arsenic (As) AAS Method [IS 5182 (Part 22) :

2004]

0.001

10. Nickel (Ni) AAS Method [IS 5182 (Part 22) :

2004]

0.001

11. Benzone (C6H6) Adsorption & Desorption followed by

GC [IS 5182 (Part 11) : 2006]

0.01

12. Benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) Solvent Extraction followed by GC

Analysis [IS 5282 (Part 12) : 1991]

0.001

3.8.3 National Ambient Air Quality Standards

The national ambient air quality standards are given in Table 3.14. Monitored

values for the study have been compared with the National Ambient Air Quality

Standards.



Table 3.14: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

S. No

Pollutant Time Weighted Average

Concentration in Ambient Air

Industrial Residential,

Rural & Other Areas

Ecologically Sensitive

Area (Notified by

Central Government

)

1. Sulphur Dioxide

(SO2)(g/m3)

Annual Average*

50 20

24 Hours**

80 80

2. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

(g/m3)

Annual Average*

40 30

24 Hours**

80 80

3. Particulate Matter (Size Less Than 10 m) or

PM10 (g/m3)

Annual Average*

60 60

24 Hours**

100

100

4. Particulate Matter (Size

Less Than 2.5 m) or

PM2.5 (g/m3)

Annual Average*

40 40

24 Hours**

60

60

5. Ozone O3 (g/m3) 8 Hours* 100 100

1 Hours** 80 80

6. Lead (Pb) (g/m3) Annual Average*

0.5 0.5

24 Hours**

1.0 1.0

7. Carbon monoxide (CO) (mg/m3)

Annual Average*

2 2

24 Hours**

4 4

8. Ammonia (NH3)

(g/m3)

Annual Average*

100 100

24 Hours**

400 400

9. Benzene (C6H6) (g/m3) Annual* 5 5



S. No

Pollutant Time Weighted Average

Concentration in Ambient Air

Industrial Residential,

Rural & Other Areas

Ecologically Sensitive

Area (Notified by

Central Government

)

10. Benzo (a) Pyrane (BaP) particulate phase only (ng/m3)

Annual* 1 1

11. Arsenic (As) (ng/m3) Annual* 6 6

12. Nickel (Ni) (ng/m3) Annual* 20 20 Note:

* Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24

hourly at uniform interval.

** 24 hourly /8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.

3.8.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

For baseline ambient air quality data collection, Damunda (Project Site), Adampur, Kondola, Darolikhurd, Darolikalan, Ghurial, Pandorinijjaram and Hirapur Rorowala were selected for ambient air quality monitoring based as per guidelines of CPCB. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

The ambient air quality monitoring locations were selected for ambient air

quality monitoring based as per guidelines of CPCB. Ambient quality monitoring

locations are presented in Table 3.15 and Figure 3.14.



Table 3.15: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations in the Study Area


Distance w.r.t.

Proposed Civil

Enclave Site (km)

Distance w.r.t.

Proposed Civil

Enclave Site (km)

Environmental Setting

AAQM1 Damunda (Project Site)

31°25'2.44"N 75°45'49.86"E

0.6 S Open Area/ Rural

AAQM2 Adampur 31°25'52.23"N 75°43'15.76"E

3.7 WNW Commercial Area

AAQM3 Kondola 31°25'16.96"N 75°45'20.00"E

0.6 NW Residential Area

AAQM4 Daroli Khurd

31°24'7.81"N 75°45'26.96"E

2.3 SSW Residential Area

AAQM5 Daroli Kalan

31°24'42.12"N 75°47'5.13"E

2.3 SSE Residential Area

AAQM6 Ghurial 31°26'38.22"N 75°47'44.90"E

3.9 ENE Residential Area

AAQM7 Pandori Nijjaram

31°27'35.80"N 75°43'26.93"E


AAQM8 Hirapur Rorowala

31°23'16.50"N 75°42'43.84"E

6.1 SW Residential Area

Description of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations: Description of

ambient air quality monitoring (AAQM) locations is given below:

Near Project Site: The project site is open land close to Damunda/Airforce

base. Environmental settlings around the site are Air force base, rural and

residential activities in the vicinity. The sources of pollution in the area is

domestic fuel burning and wind-blown dust.

Adampur AAQM Location : Adampur AAQM location is located at distance of

3.7 km in West- North West (WNW) direction from the project site.

Environmental settlings are commercial activities. The sources of pollution in

the area are from vehicular emissions, domestic fuel burning, vehicular

emissions from urban area and wind blown dust.



Kondola AAQM Location: Kondola AAQM location is located at distance of

0.6 km in North-West (NW) direction from the project site. Environmental

settlings are residential and rural area in the vicinity. The sources of pollution

in the area are from vehicular emissions, domestic fuel burning and wind blown

dust.

Daroli Khurd AAQM Location: Daroli Khurd AAQM location is located at

distance of 2.3 km in South-Sought West (SSW) direction from the project site.

Environmental settlings around the location are residential and rural in the

vicinity. The sources of pollution in the area are from domestic fuel burning,

wind blown dust.

Daroli Kalan AAQM Location: Daroli Kalan AAQM location is located at

distance of 2.3 km in South-South East (SSE) direction from the project site.

Environmental settlings around the location are residential and rural in the


wind-blown dust and vehicular emissions.

Ghurial AAQM Location: Ghurial AAQM location is located at distance of 3.9

km in North-North East (NNE) direction from the project site. Environmental

settlings around the location are residential and rural in the vicinity. The sources

of pollution in the area are from domestic fuel burning, wind-blown dust and

vehicular emissions.

Pandori Nijjaram AAQM Location: Pandori Nijjaram AAQM location is

located at distance of 5.5 km in North-West (NW) direction from the project

site. Environmental settlings around the location are residential and rural in the


wind blown dust and vehicular emissions.

Hirapur Rorowala AAQM Location: Hirapur Rorowala AAQM location is

located at distance of 6.1 km in South-West (SW) direction from the project

site. Environmental settling are residential and rural activities at and arround

the site. The sources of pollution in the area are from domestic fuel burning,

wind blown dust and vehicular emissions.

.



Figure 3.14: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Loactions



3.8.5 Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

The results of ambient air quality monitoring of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, NH3, O3,

C6H6, BaP, Pb, As, Ni and CO are presented in Table 3.16 to Table 3.23. The

summary of ambient air quality monitoring is given in Table 3.24. The

graphical representation of ambient air quality in the study area is given in

Figure 3.15.

On the basis of tabulated data, the following observations can be made:

Particulate Matter (PM10)

The 24-hourly PM10 concentrations during study period vary in the range of

48.3 g/m3 to 82.6 g/m3. The maximum PM10 concentration was found 82.6

g/m3 while minimum PM10 concentration was 48.3 g/m3. The mean PM10

concentration was 61.4 g/m3 and 98%tile value of PM10 concentration was

80.5 g/m3.

Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

The 24-hourly PM2.5 concentrations during the study period vary in the range

of 29.1 to 55.3 g/m3. The maximum PM2.5 concentration was found 55.3 g/m3

while minimum PM2.5 concentration was 29.1 g/m3. The mean PM2.5

concentration was 38.9 g/m3 and 98% tile value of PM2.5 concentration was

found 54.0 g/m3.

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

The 24-hourly SO2 concentrations during study period vary in the range of 5.10

to 12.4 g/m3. The maximum SO2 concentration was found 12.4 g/m3 while

minimum SO2 concentration was 5.1 g/m3. The mean SO2 concentration was

7.01 g/m3 and 98%tile value of SO2 concentration was 10.8 g/m3.

Nitrogen Oxide (NO2)

The 24-hourly NO2 concentrations during study period vary in the range of 8.5

to 17.7 g/m3. The maximum NO2 concentration was found as 17.7 g/m3 and

minimum NO2 concentration was 8.5 g/m3. The mean NO2 concentration was

12.1 g/m3 and 98%tile value of NO2 concentration was 16.8 g/m3.



Carbon Monoxide (CO)

The 8-hourly CO concentrations during study period vary in the range of 0.10

to 0.53 mg/m3. The maximum CO concentration was found as 0.10 mg/m3 and

minimum CO concentration was 0.53 mg/m3. The mean CO concentration was

0.21 mg/m3 and 98%tile value of CO concentration was 0.43 mg/m3.

Ammonia (NH3)

The NH3 concentrations during study period were found less than 5.0 g/m3

during winter season.

Ozone (O3)

The Ozone concentrations during study period were found less than 5 g/m3


Benzene (C6H6)

The C6H6 concentrations during study period were found less than 0.1 g/ m3


Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP)

The BaP concentrations during study period were found less than 0.01 ng/m3


Lead (Pb)

The Lead concentrations during study period were found less than 0.1 g/m3


Arsenic (As)

The Arsenic concentrations during study period were found less than 1.0 ng/m3




Nickel (Ni)

The Nickel concentrations during study period were found less than 1.0 ng/ m3


3.8.6 Ambient Air Quality Status

National ambient air quality standards are given in Table 3.25. National

ambient air quality standards for industrial, residential, rural & other areas are

met for all monitored parameters at all AAQM locations during winter season.

Figure 3.15: Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area



Table 3.16 : Ambient Air Quality at Project Site (Damunda) (AAQM 1)

S. No.

Date

PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap Ar Ni

µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 µg/

m3

µg/

m3

µg/

m3

µg/m3 ng/

m3

ng/

m3

ng/

m3 I II III

1 27.11.17 59.3 36.8 6.5 11.8 0.23 0.17 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 28.11.17 64.4 41.4 7.4 12.9 0.29 0.22 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 03.12.17 51.1 31.7 6.1 10.6 0.17 0.20 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 04.12.17 65.0 40.3 7.3 12.8 0.22 0.17 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 10.12.17 55.4 34.7 6.6 12.1 0.28 0.26 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 11.12.17 60.7 37.6 7.7 13.8 0.20 0.23 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 17.12.17 63.5 39.4 6.6 12.3 0.26 0.20 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 18.12.17 59.3 36.3 7.4 12.9 0.25 0.19 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 24.12.17 56.3 34.9 8.2 12.7 0.22 0.17 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 25.12.17 65.0 40.3 6.4 11.9 0.25 0.22 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 01.01.18 57.5 35.7 7.1 12.6 0.28 0.20 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 02.01.18 64.6 41.5 6.5 12.5 0.22 0.17 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 08.01.18 59.4 36.8 5.7 11.2 0.20 0.23 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 09.01.18 64.9 40.3 7.3 12.1 0.28 0.22 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 16.01.18 56.6 35.1 6.4 11.9 0.29 0.20 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 17.01.18 51.3 31.8 5.7 10.2 0.17 0.16 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 23.01.18 63.5 39.4 6.6 12.1 0.26 0.23 0.28 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 24.01.18 55.6 34.5 7.6 13.1 0.20 0.17 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 30.01.18 48.5 29.1 5.8 11.3 0.22 0.20 0.26 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 31.01.18 51.8 32.5 5.9 10.4 0.29 0.22 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 06.02.18 64.2 39.8 6.2 14.7 0.19 0.19 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 07.02.18 57.3 35.5 7.1 13.6 0.23 0.17 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 13.02.18 69.1 42.9 7.5 14.2 0.25 0.20 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 14.02.18 61.7 38.2 7.1 12.6 0.19 0.17 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 20.02.18 63.8 39.6 7.6 13.1 0.20 0.23 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 21.02.18 59.6 38.7 6.8 11.3 0.19 0.20 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 69.1 42.9 8.2 14.7 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 48.5 29.1 5.7 10.2 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 59.6 37.1 6.8 12.3 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 67.1 42.2 8.0 14.5 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.17 : Ambient Air Quality at Adampur (AAQM 2)

S. No.

Date

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap Ar Ni

µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3

I II III

1 27.11.17 71.3 47.8 9.7 14.7 0.44 0.36 0.37 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 28.11.17 58.9 39.5 10.6 15.9 0.31 0.32 0.35 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 03.12.17 71.8 48.1 9.3 13.6 0.53 0.35 0.36 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 04.12.17 67.6 45.3 11.5 16.3 0.42 0.42 0.37 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 10.12.17 74.1 49.6 10.3 15.1 0.37 0.46 0.32 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 11.12.17 62.4 41.8 9.1 14.4 0.38 0.37 0.35 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 17.12.17 73.7 49.4 8.8 17.5 0.35 0.43 0.42 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 18.12.17 62.3 41.7 9.4 13.7 0.4 0.47 0.43 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 24.12.17 80.8 54.1 8.8 15.1 0.32 0.35 0.37 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 25.12.17 79.4 53.2 10.5 16.8 0.37 0.44 0.4 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 01.01.18 74.1 49.6 9.2 17.5 0.35 0.3 0.33 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 02.01.18 67.6 45.3 10.3 15.6 0.4 0.35 0.3 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 08.01.18 67.4 45.2 8.5 13.8 0.37 0.36 0.46 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 09.01.18 74.5 49.9 9.8 15.1 0.31 0.35 0.36 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 16.01.18 82.6 55.3 11.3 16.6 0.35 0.3 0.32 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 17.01.18 69.1 46.3 9.9 17.2 0.44 0.35 0.31 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 23.01.18 78.9 52.9 10.1 15.4 0.4 0.35 0.4 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 24.01.18 68.1 45.6 9.3 14.6 0.41 0.4 0.44 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 30.01.18 81.1 54.3 10.7 15.8 0.36 0.4 0.37 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 31.01.18 75.9 50.9 8.9 14.2 0.34 0.47 0.35 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 06.02.18 80.8 54.1 12.4 17.7 0.4 0.34 0.35 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 07.02.18 73.2 49.0 9.6 13.9 0.37 0.35 0.4 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 13.02.18 64.1 42.9 10.1 15.4 0.42 0.37 0.44 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 14.02.18 80.7 54.1 11.2 14.5 0.35 0.4 0.34 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 20.02.18 61.8 41.4 10.8 16.1 0.43 0.35 0.37 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 21.02.18 73.9 49.5 9.6 14.9 0.4 0.37 0.35 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 82.6 55.3 12.4 17.7 0.53 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 58.9 39.5 8.5 13.6 0.30 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 72.2 48.3 10.0 15.4 0.38 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 81.9 54.8 12.0 17.6 0.47 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.18 : Ambient Air Quality at Kandola (AAQM3)

S.

No.

Date

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzen

e Bap Ar Ni

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

mg/m3

mg/m3

mg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3 ng/m3

ng/m3

ng/m3

I II III

1 27.11.17 53.4 34.2 6.7 10.9 0.16 0.22 0.2 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 28.11.17 61.9 37.6 5.4 11.7 0.17 0.2 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 03.12.17 57.6 36.2 6.3 12.5 0.19 0.17 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 04.12.17 60.5 37.7 5.7 13.6 0.22 0.16 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 10.12.17 48.3 30.9 6.3 12.5 0.23 0.16 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 11.12.17 49.7 32.8 5.9 11.8 0.17 0.2 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 17.12.17 51.1 34.7 6.8 13.7 0.2 0.17 0.2 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 18.12.17 67.8 42.4 6.1 12.3 0.19 0.17 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 24.12.17 58.1 37.3 7.6 13.8 0.17 0.22 0.2 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 25.12.17 63.7 42.8 6.4 11.2 0.16 0.16 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 01.01.18 54.8 36.4 7.3 13.5 0.19 0.23 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 02.01.18 67.6 44.3 7.7 12.6 0.22 0.2 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 08.01.18 49.6 32.7 6.8 11.7 0.25 0.17 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 09.01.18 56.2 35.1 5.5 12.8 0.17 0.22 0.2 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 16.01.18 67.8 42.4 7.1 13.3 0.22 0.2 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 17.01.18 61.2 36.5 6.9 12.2 0.19 0.17 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 23.01.18 58.1 37.2 6.3 12.5 0.17 0.16 0.2 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 24.01.18 54.8 35.1 5.9 11.1 0.2 0.19 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 30.01.18 61.5 40.4 7.3 13.5 0.17 0.2 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 31.01.18 56.3 36.0 6.6 12.8 0.19 0.2 0.23 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 06.02.18 67.8 44.5 5.6 10.3 0.16 0.17 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 07.02.18 62.7 40.6 7.5 13.7 0.22 0.22 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 13.02.18 71.8 47.7 8.2 14.6 0.2 0.16 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 14.02.18 56.3 36.2 7.1 12.3 0.17 0.17 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 20.02.18 65.7 41.6 6.8 11.8 0.19 0.2 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 21.02.18 58.9 36.8 6.3 10.5 0.12 0.13 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 71.8 47.7 8.2 14.6 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 48.3 30.9 5.4 10.3 0.12 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 59.4 38.1 6.6 12.4 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 69.8 46.1 8.0 14.2 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.19 : Ambient Air Quality at Darolikalan (AAQM4)

S.

No. Date



I II III

1 29.11.17 58.8 36.6 5.6 11.3 0.22 0.31 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 30.11.17 59.6 38.1 6.9 12.6 0.25 0.3 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 05.12.17 62.3 37.9 5.9 13.6 0.2 0.22 0.31 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 06.12.17 58.5 36.4 9.3 15.9 0.38 0.27 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 12.12.17 61.3 39.2 8.1 13.5 0.27 0.25 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 13.12.17 59.7 35.6 6.3 10.8 0.22 0.27 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 19.12.17 62.7 40.5 7.1 11.8 0.3 0.3 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 20.12.17 66.3 42.4 7.3 13.7 0.33 0.25 0.31 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 26.12.17 58.4 35.7 6.6 11.3 0.31 0.34 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 27.12.17 62.7 40.4 8.1 13.8 0.3 0.25 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 03.01.18 58.1 36.2 7.9 13.1 0.25 0.33 0.26 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 04.01.18 65.9 42.5 6.1 12.8 0.22 0.31 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 10.01.18 65.1 41.7 5.9 9.6 0.35 0.2 0.3 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 11.01.18 55.4 35.5 6.9 12.6 0.3 0.22 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 19.01.18 54.7 35.8 7.4 13.1 0.26 0.22 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 20.01.18 61.6 39.4 6.8 12.5 0.25 0.25 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 26.01.18 57.9 37.1 5.9 10.7 0.22 0.3 0.28 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 27.01.18 62.7 40.5 8.3 14.9 0.21 0.27 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 01.02.18 67.2 43.6 7.9 13.6 0.33 0.3 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 02.02.18 58.2 37.2 6.7 12.4 0.3 0.26 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 08.02.18 56.2 35.5 7.4 13.1 0.27 0.25 0.34 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 09.02.18 62.9 41.3 6.6 12.7 0.3 0.22 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 16.02.18 57.2 36.6 9.4 15.3 0.29 0.33 0.3 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 17.02.18 59.7 37.2 7.9 13.8 0.25 0.27 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 22.02.18 63.6 40.7 8.5 14.2 0.25 0.3 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 23.02.18 62.8 39.2 8.1 13.8 0.2 0.25 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 70.6 36.5 10.0 23.6 0.38 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 54.7 27.1 6.3 15.6 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 59.8 30.4 7.7 18.2 0.27 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 69.4 35.6 9.7 23.0 0.34 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.20 : Ambient Air Quality at Darolikhurd Village (AAQM5) S.

No

.

Date



I II III

1 29.11.17 52.8 32.3 5.7 9.7 0.17 0.17 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 30.11.17 56.4 35.5 6.3 10.3 0.19 0.14 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 05.12.17 61.9 38.7 7.1 13.1 0.17 0.15 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 06.12.17 53.7 34.3 6.8 11.5 0.18 0.15 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 12.12.17 57.3 36.1 7.4 12.8 0.14 0.14 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 13.12.17 61.2 38.6 6.1 10.1 0.19 0.17 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 19.12.17 54.4 34.3 5.4 9.0 0.18 0.14 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 20.12.17 57.6 36.7 6.6 10.6 0.14 0.18 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 26.12.17 61.5 37.6 6.7 9.8 0.17 0.15 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 27.12.17 64.3 40.5 8.5 12.5 0.18 0.19 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 03.01.18 68.9 41.4 5.7 9.7 0.14 0.15 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 04.01.18 55.4 34.9 6.1 10.1 0.17 0.15 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 10.01.18 58.4 36.8 9.7 13.7 0.21 0.18 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 11.01.18 55.7 33.1 7.4 9.9 0.17 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 19.01.18 63.1 41.8 6.3 10.3 0.15 0.14 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 20.01.18 57.1 36.2 5.9 9.9 0.17 0.14 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 26.01.18 53.9 31.6 6.8 10.8 0.14 0.18 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 27.01.18 55.4 34.9 5.1 9.1 0.14 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 01.02.18 62.8 39.6 8.9 12.9 0.15 0.17 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 02.02.18 54.2 32.1 5.6 10.8 0.18 0.19 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 08.02.18 53.1 33.5 7.8 11.2 0.14 0.17 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 09.02.18 62.0 39.1 5.9 9.9 0.20 0.22 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 16.02.18 59.5 37.5 8.1 13.1 0.15 0.18 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 17.02.18 57.7 36.4 7.3 13.3 0.19 0.14 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 22.02.18 61.9 37.2 6.7 11.2 0.17 0.18 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 23.02.18 56.4 35.7 8.2 12.7 0.14 0.21 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 68.9 41.8 9.7 13.7 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 52.8 31.6 5.1 9.0 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 58.3 36.4 6.9 11.1 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 66.6 41.6 9.3 13.5 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.21 : Ambient Air Quality at Ghurial Village (AAQM6) S.

No

.

Date



I II III

1 27.11.17 58.6 35.9 5.2 11.5 0.19 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 28.11.17 55.3 34.8 6.4 12.7 0.22 0.15 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 03.12.17 58.7 36.5 5.9 10.2 0.2 0.14 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 04.12.17 64.2 41.4 7.2 13.5 0.2 0.14 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 10.12.17 57.8 36.5 6.6 11.9 0.19 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 11.12.17 64.3 38.1 5.4 9.7 0.2 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 17.12.17 61.7 36.3 6.3 11.6 0.15 0.15 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 18.12.17 59.1 37.2 5.1 9.4 0.15 0.17 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 24.12.17 62.7 39.5 7.2 12.5 0.19 0.15 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 25.12.17 58.6 36.9 5.9 11.8 0.18 0.14 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 01.01.18 59.2 37.3 6.4 13.7 0.17 0.18 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 02.01.18 61.5 37.7 5.3 10.6 0.18 0.19 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 08.01.18 63.9 40.3 6.3 11.1 0.25 0.19 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 09.01.18 58.8 36.1 5.7 9.6 0.18 0.17 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 16.01.18 57.7 36.4 6.8 12.1 0.15 0.15 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 17.01.18 59.2 37.3 5.8 11.5 0.24 0.21 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 23.01.18 63.8 40.2 7.4 12.7 0.17 0.15 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 24.01.18 64.3 42.5 6.1 10.4 0.18 0.15 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 30.01.18 59.5 38.7 5.4 9.7 0.17 0.15 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 31.01.18 59.7 37.6 5.9 10.2 0.17 0.17 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 06.02.18 63.5 41.3 6.3 12.6 0.26 0.18 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 07.02.18 51.4 32.4 5.9 11.2 0.23 0.20 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 13.02.18 63.5 46.1 7.6 13.9 0.19 0.19 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 14.02.18 67.9 42.8 8.1 13.4 0.19 0.17 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 20.02.18 59.3 37.4 6.8 11.1 0.17 0.17 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 21.02.18 56.4 35.2 7.3 10.6 0.15 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 67.9 46.1 8.1 13.9 0.26 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 51.4 32.4 5.1 9.4 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 60.4 38.2 6.3 11.5 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 66.1 44.4 7.9 13.8 0.26 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.22 : Ambient Air Quality at Pandori Nijjaram (AAQM7)

S.

No. Date


µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

mg/m3

mg/m3

mg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3 µg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3

I II III

1 29.11.17 57.3 34.5 5.7 9.8 0.11 0.14 0.12 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 30.11.17 61.8 38.2 6.4 10.1 0.16 0.12 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 05.12.17 63.9 37.6 5.7 9.4 0.13 0.15 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 06.12.17 64.1 39.7 5.9 9.7 0.12 0.17 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 12.12.17 55.4 34.6 6.2 11.4 0.14 0.13 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 13.12.17 57.2 35.5 5.3 9.7 0.11 0.14 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 19.12.17 61.4 39.1 7.5 12.3 0.15 0.13 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 20.12.17 64.5 41.5 5.3 8.5 0.17 0.13 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 26.12.17 59.6 36.6 5.8 9.3 0.13 0.11 0.12 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 27.12.17 51.2 31.3 6.3 10.3 0.14 0.12 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 03.01.18 62.1 36.5 6.4 12.1 0.18 0.12 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 04.01.18 58.3 36.5 5.6 9.7 0.14 0.11 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 10.01.18 62.8 37.9 7.5 10.6 0.16 0.14 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 11.01.18 57.6 34.7 5.8 8.9 0.15 0.15 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 19.01.18 61.5 38.1 5.5 9.8 0.15 0.11 0.12 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 20.01.18 62.3 39.6 7.1 9.9 0.12 0.13 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 26.01.18 59.2 35.7 6.5 11.1 0.13 0.14 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 27.01.18 61.8 38.3 5.7 9.5 0.15 0.11 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 01.02.18 62.2 39.6 6.1 10.7 0.13 0.17 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 02.02.18 59.7 37.0 6.5 11.5 0.15 0.12 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 08.02.18 62.1 37.5 5.1 9.5 0.11 0.15 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 09.02.18 59.3 36.2 5.6 10.1 0.13 0.11 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 16.02.18 64.2 41.1 6.9 12.6 0.14 0.13 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 17.02.18 61.6 39.2 5.9 10.9 0.14 0.13 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 22.02.18 58.3 35.1 6.1 10.7 0.11 0.14 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 23.02.18 61.1 36.9 6.7 11.1 0.16 0.12 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 64.5 41.5 7.5 12.6 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 51.2 31.3 5.1 8.5 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 60.4 37.3 6.1 10.4 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 64.4 41.3 7.5 12.5 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.23 : Ambient Air Quality at Hirapur Rorowala (AAQM8)

S.

No. Date


µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

mg/m3

mg/m3

mg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3

µg/m3 ng/m3

ng/m3

ng/m3

I II III

1 29.11.17 59.5 35.3 5.9 9.9 0.13 0.10 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2 30.11.17 67.3 41.5 5.7 10.7 0.11 0.14 0.10 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3 05.12.17 57.6 38.1 6.8 8.8 0.12 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4 06.12.17 54.4 35.2 5.8 10.4 0.13 0.11 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5 12.12.17 59.6 36.8 7.3 11.3 0.14 0.14 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6 13.12.17 62.1 37.9 6.3 10.8 0.13 0.12 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7 19.12.17 57.7 36.2 5.7 10.1 0.14 0.13 0.10 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8 20.12.17 61.4 37.9 6.9 8.9 0.15 0.14 0.15 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

9 26.12.17 57.3 36.9 5.4 9.7 0.10 0.11 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

10 27.12.17 58.8 38.9 6.1 10.3 0.10 0.13 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

11 03.01.18 64.7 39.5 5.7 9.7 0.11 0.13 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

12 04.01.18 58.6 35.7 7.6 11.6 0.15 0.14 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

13 10.01.18 63.9 37.1 5.7 10.7 0.14 0.13 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

14 11.01.18 57.2 34.9 5.6 9.6 0.16 0.15 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

15 19.01.18 57.8 35.3 7.3 10.2 0.14 0.14 0.1 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

16 20.01.18 58.2 35.5 6.1 10.7 0.13 0.15 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

17 26.01.18 68.9 42.2 5.8 9.5 0.11 0.15 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

18 27.01.18 56.3 34.3 6.9 11.9 0.13 0.1 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

19 01.02.18 68.4 41.7 5.4 10.8 0.15 0.16 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

20 02.02.18 57.3 34.3 5.8 9.2 0.14 0.13 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

21 08.02.18 63.8 38.9 6.2 11.4 0.13 0.11 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

22 09.02.18 61.6 37.6 5.7 10.7 0.11 0.1 0.1 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

23 16.02.18 58.2 35.5 5.8 9.8 0.10 0.14 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

24 17.02.18 63.5 38.7 5.4 10.4 0.13 0.13 0.12 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

25 22.02.18 61.7 37.6 6.7 12.3 0.12 0.11 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

26 23.02.18 59.5 36.3 6.1 11.1 0.13 0.13 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Maximum 68.9 42.2 7.6 12.3 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 54.4 34.3 5.4 8.8 0.10 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 60.6 37.3 6.1 10.4 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 68.7 42.0 7.5 12.1 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



Table 3.24: Summary of Ambient Air Quality for The Study Area Sl.

No.

Sampling

Locations

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO O3 Pb NH3 C6H6 BaP As Ni

µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3

1. Damunda (Near Project Site)

Maximum 69.1 42.9 8.2 14.7 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 48.5 29.1 5.7 10.2 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 59.6 37.1 6.8 12.3 0.22 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 67.1 42.2 8.0 14.5 0.29 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

2. Adampur

Maximum 82.6 55.3 12.4 17.7 0.53 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 58.9 39.5 8.5 13.6 0.30 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 72.2 48.3 10.0 15.4 0.38 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 81.9 54.8 12.0 17.6 0.47 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

3. Kandola

Maximum 71.8 47.7 8.2 14.6 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 48.3 30.9 5.4 10.3 0.12 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 59.4 38.1 6.6 12.4 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 69.8 46.1 8.0 14.2 0.25 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

4. Darolikalan

Maximum 70.6 36.5 10.0 23.6 0.38 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 54.7 27.1 6.3 15.6 0.20 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 59.8 30.4 7.7 18.2 0.27 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 69.4 35.6 9.7 23.0 0.34 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

5. Darolikhurd

Maximum 68.9 41.8 9.7 13.7 0.24 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 52.8 31.6 5.1 9.0 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 58.3 36.4 6.9 11.1 0.17 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 66.6 41.6 9.3 13.5 0.21 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

6. Ghurial

Maximum 67.9 46.1 8.1 13.9 0.26 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 51.4 32.4 5.1 9.4 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 60.4 38.2 6.3 11.5 0.19 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 66.1 44.4 7.9 13.8 0.26 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

7. Pandori Nijjaram

Maximum 64.5 41.5 7.5 12.6 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 51.2 31.3 5.1 8.5 0.11 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 60.4 37.3 6.1 10.4 0.14 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 64.4 41.3 7.5 12.5 0.18 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

8. Hirapur Rorowala

Maximum 68.9 42.2 7.6 12.3 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Minimum 54.4 34.3 5.4 8.8 0.10 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

Average 60.6 37.3 6.1 10.4 0.13 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

98 %tile 68.7 42.0 7.5 12.1 0.16 <5.0 <5.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0



3.9 Ambient Noise Levels

3.9.1 Introduction

Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. It interferes with speech and

hearing and is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise annoying.

The definition of noise as unwanted sound implies that it has an adverse effect

on human beings and their environment. Noise can also disturb wildlife and

ecological system.

3.9.2 Methodology

To understand the noise environment in the study area, noise survey was

conducted using Sound Level Meter 2031 manufactured by Cygnet Systems.

Noise measurements were carried out at the same location where ambient air

quality was monitored. The 24-hourly sound levels were measured at each

location once during the study period.

3.9.3 Equivalent Sound Energy Level or Leq

In most of the acoustic environments, the sound pressure level fluctuates with

time due to changes in noise generation sources. The fluctuating noise levels

are reported as equivalent sound energy level or Leq. It is defined as the steady

sound pressure levels which would have given the same total energy as the

actual time varying sound pressure level over the given time period.

By recorded noise levels, Leq was computed using the following statistical

relationship:

Leq = L50 + [(L10 – L90) 2/60]

Where L90 = the noise levels exceed 90 percent of the time

L50 = the noise levels exceed 50 percent of the time

L10 = the noise levels exceed 10 percent of the time

It may be noted here that L10, L50 and L90 values can be considered as peak,

average and background sound pressure levels at each of the locations,

respectively.



The details noise levels monitoring locations in the study area are given in

Table 3.25 and Figure 3.16.

Table 3.25: Noise Levels Monitoring Stations in the Study Area


Distance w.r.t.

Proposed Civil

Enclave Site (km)

Distance w.r.t.

Proposed Civil

Enclave Site (km)

Environmental Setting

ANM 1 Damunda (Project Site)

31°25'2.44"N 75°45'49.86"E

0.6 S Open Area

ANM 2 Adampur

31°25'52.23"N 75°43'15.76"E

3.7 WNW Residential Area

ANM 3 Kondola

31°25'16.96"N 75°45'20.00"E

0.6 NW Commercial Area

ANM 4 Daroli Khurd

31°24'7.81"N 75°45'26.96"E

2.3 SSW Residential Area

ANM 5 Daroli Kalan

31°24'42.12"N 75°47'5.13"E

2.3 SSE Residential Area

ANM 6 Ghurial

31°26'38.22"N 75°47'44.90"E

3.9 ENE Residential Area

ANM 7 Pandori Nijjaram

31°27'35.80"N 75°43'26.93"E


ANM 8 Hirapur Rorowala

31°23'16.50"N 75°42'43.84"E

6.1 SW Commercial Area

3.9.4 Day and Night Time Leq Noise levels

Day and night time Leq for ambient noise levels for the study area are given in

Table 3.26. Tabulated results indicate that measured Leq noise levels are

within the limit stipulated for commercial and residential areas at all the

locations. Graphical Presentation of Day & Night Time Noise Levels is shown in

Figure 3.17.



Table 3.26: Day and Night time Leq for Ambient Noise Levels

Locations Day Time

dB(A)

Night

Time

dB(A)

Prescribed Standards

dB(A)

Day Time Night

Time

Damunda 54.7 48.5 55 45

Adampur 61.3 53.9 55 45

Kondola 54.1 43.4 55 45

DaroliKhurd 51.7 39.6 55 45

DaroliKalan 53.0 41.3 55 45

Ghurial 50.9 42.6 55 45

Pandori Nijjaram 49.7 38.5 55 45

Hirapur Rorowala 49.4 38.1 65 55

Figure 3.16: Noise Monitoring Locations of the Study Area



3.10 Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk

The site for proposed civil enclave lies in Seismic Zone III according to zoning

map of India. The proposed civil enclave site is located in high damage risk

zone (MSK VIII).

3.10.1Seismo-Tectonic/Earthquake

The region is slightly vulnerable to earthquake as it is situated on Seismic Zone

- III and has moderate probability of occurrence of severe magnitude

earthquake. The study area lies in the least active and low risk zone as shown

in Figure 3.18.

Figure: 3.17. Graphical Presentation of Day & Night Time Noise

Levels



3.11 Landuse & Land Cover through Satellite Imagery Interpretation

Landuse and land cover for the 10 km study area have been prepared using

False Colour Composite (FCC) scene of IRS P-4 LISS-III. The percentage area

of different categories of land use/ land covers within the 10 km radius study

area is as given in Table 3.27. The study area dominated by agricultural land

(57.7%) followed by open built-up area (18.3 %), open vegetation (16.4%),

waste land (5.6 %), river & water body (1.2 %) and railway & road network

(0.8 %).

Table 3.27: Landuse and Land Cover for 10 km Study Area

Sn. Category of Landuse %age

1. Open Vegitation 16.4

2. Agriculture Land 57.7

3. Railway & Road Network 0.8

Figure 3.13: Seismo-Tectonic/Earthquake in The Area

Figure 3.18: Earthquake Demage Risk Zone for Proposed Civil Enclave

Project Site



Sn. Category of Landuse %age

4. Built up area 18.3

5. Waste Land 5.6

6. River/ Waterbody 1.2

FCC and Landuse and land cover of the study area through satellite imagery is

shown in Figures 3.19 and 3.20, respectively.

Figure 3.19 : FCC for the Study Area



3.12 Traffic Survey on the Approach Roads to Civil Encalve Site

The proposed civil enclave at Adampur will be approached through Adampur to

Hoshiarpur– Phagwara Road and then through Jalandhar- Hoshiarpur Section

of NH-70. As per MoU State Govt will provide connectivity to proposed civil

enclave. Therefore, during the study period, traffic survey was carried at

Adampur – Hoshiarpur road and Jalandhar- Hoshiarpur Section NH 70 and

presented in Table 3.28 and Table 3.29, respectively.

Table 3.28: Traffic Study on Adampur to Hoshiarpur– Phagwara

Road

Time Bus Truck Cars Two Wheelers

Total Vehicles

6.00 to 7.00 2 0 2 12 16

7.00 to 8.00 3 0 4 24 31

8.00 to 9.00 2 0 6 37 45

9.00 to 10.00 0 1 7 48 56

10.00 to 11.00 0 0 4 18 22

11.00 to 12.00 0 2 3 21 26

12.00 to 13.00 0 3 2 14 19

Figure 3.20 : Landuse and Land Cover of the Study Area Through Satellite Imagery




Total Vehicles

13.00 to 14.00 2 0 0 32 34

14.00 to 15.00 3 2 1 18 24

15.00 to 16.00 3 0 0 23 26

16.00 to 17.00 0 0 2 21 23

17.00 to 18.00 0 2 2 23 27

18.00 to 19.00 0 0 3 17 20

19.00 to 20.00 0 1 3 19 23

20.00 to 21.00 0 0 4 9 13

21.00 to 22.00 0 0 2 7 9

22.00 to 23.00 0 0 1 3 4

23.00 to 24.00 0 0 0 0 0

24.00 to 1.00 0 0 0 0 0

1.00 to 2.00 0 0 0 0 0

2.00 to 3.00 0 0 0 0 0

3.00 to 4.00 0 0 0 0 0

4.00 to 5.00 0 0 0 0 0

5.00 to 6.00 0 0 0 9 9

Total 15 11 46 355 427

Table 3.29: Traffic Study in Jalandhar – Hoshiarpur Road


Total Vehicles

6.00 to 7.00 8 6 31 53 98

7.00 to 8.00 11 8 49 75 143

8.00 to 9.00 9 7 53 113 182

9.00 to 10.00 10 9 64 213 296

10.00 to 11.00 8 11 51 187 257

11.00 to 12.00 10 6 46 86 148

12.00 to 13.00 9 13 52 73 147

13.00 to 14.00 7 9 41 82 139

14.00 to 15.00 10 7 37 61 115

15.00 to 16.00 8 12 42 72 134

16.00 to 17.00 9 8 43 87 147

17.00 to 18.00 10 9 56 126 201

18.00 to 19.00 8 11 41 231 291

19.00 to 20.00 7 12 37 116 172

20.00 to 21.00 6 8 43 88 145

21.00 to 22.00 3 6 32 47 88

22.00 to 23.00 2 7 28 23 60

23.00 to 24.00 2 8 22 12 44

24.00 to 1.00 0 9 0 5 14

1.00 to 2.00 0 6 0 0 6




Total Vehicles

2.00 to 3.00 0 0 0 0 0

3.00 to 4.00 0 0 0 0 0

4.00 to 5.00 0 0 8 0 8

5.00 to 6.00 3 5 19 0 27

Total 140 177 795 1750 2862

3.13 Biological Environment

3.13.1Introduction

The term biological environment covers the prevalence of all living forms plants

and animals both terrestrial and aquatic in the study area. Living forms cover a

very wide spectrum of species and even a small area may have thousands of

species if all bacteria, protozoa, worms, insects, plants, animals and birds are

to be included. In the present study, higher taxa (trees, small trees, shrubs,

under shrubs, climbers and grasses) and fauna (mammals, birds and reptiles)

are covered for impact assessment purpose. It is needless to emphasize that

living system is extremely complicated. They are directly affected by changes

in the physical environment but may often either adapt or avoid the adverse

environment.

3.13.2Vegetation in the Study Area

The structure and type of vegetation depends on climatic conditions and

physiography as well as the requirements of the local inhabitants of an area.

Climate of the study area is well suited for the growth of all types of vegetation.

The study area has no forest. The natural vegetation of the area has been

completely altered by anthropogenic activity in long past.

The study area has sparse vegetation, though it includes timber, fruit, avenue

and ornamental trees and shrubs. Herbaceous vegetation includes crops,

pulses, vegetables and grasses of economic importance. Open agricultural land

and field bunds are used most of time for plantation of some tree species.

Table 3.30 gives the list of trees, shrubs and grasses occurring in the study

area with the their physiognomic types and distribution status.



3.13.3Common Crop Plants

Kharif and rabi seasons are used for crop production. In between these two

main crop seasons additional crops may be grown where conditions so permit.

The economics of settlements depend mostly on agriculture. Triticum aestium

(wheat) is the main rabi crops whereas Oryza sativa (dhan) and Zea maize

(makai) are the principal kharif crops. The other crops grown in the study area

are: Pennisitum typoides (bajra), Solanum tubersum (potato), and Gajanus

cajan (arhar). Lens esculents (masar), Horadeum vulgara (barley),

Capsicumfnste scens (chilli), Helianthus annuus (sunflower) and Gossypium

spp. (cotton). Medicago sativa (borseem) is also grown for cattle fodder.

3.13.4Plants Around Crop Field Area

The borders of crop fields are sometime used for the plantation of different

kinds of tree species. Along field borders, Dalbergia Sissoo (shisham),

Eucalyptus hybrid (safeda), Leucaena leucocephala (subabul) and Populus

ephratica (poplar), Azadirachta indica (neem) and Morus alba (shahtoot) are

observed to be the most ubiquitous. Some species of wild plants like Phoenix

sylvestris (khajur), Acacia nilotica (babul), Acacia arabica (kikar), Butia

monisperma (dhak) and Capparis decidue (karil) are also grown on the borders

of crop field.

3.13.5Fruits Trees

Fruit species commonly observed in the study area are Mangifera indica (aam),

Syzygium cumminii (jamun), Zizyphus mauritiana (ber), Emblica officinales

(amla), Aegle marmelos (bel) and Psidium guajava (amrood).

3.13.6Vegetation In Settlements

Human settlements have tree species catering to the needs of populations. The

vegetation in the settlement areas is sparsely distributed in a heterogeneous

manner. The study area has fruit tree species, like, Mangifera indica (aam),

Syzygium Cumminii (jamun), Morus alba (shahtoot), Pasidium guajava

(amrood), Ziziphus mauritiana (ber), Aegle marmelos (bel).

Timber trees such as Azadirachata indica (neem), Dalbergia sisso (shisham),

and Eucalptus hybrid (Safeda) are very common. Acacia nilotica (babul) and

Populus euphratica (poplar) trees are also common in all settlements. Naturally



occurring sacred trees are Ficus religiosa (peepal) and Aegle mermelos (bel).

Acacia catechu (khair), Ficus glomerata (gular), Phoenix sylvestris (khajur),

Cordia dichotoma (lasora), Ailanthus excelsa (mahaneem) and Bauhinia

racemosa (kachanar) are also found at some places.

3.13.7Ornamental Plants

These plants are an important component of the vegetation structure in

urban/residential environments. The study area has many industries where

some species of ornamental plants have been planted. Amongst ornamental

plants grown in the study area are: Nerium odorum (kaner), Bougainvillea

spectabillie (bougnawillia), Hibiscus rosa-sinesis (gudhal), Cassia fistula

(amalatas), Polyalthia longifolia (ashok), Cassia siamea (cassia) and Albizzia

lebbec (kala sirus).

3.13.8Shrubs

Trees constitute the first story and shrubs are the second story of vegetation

in the area. Shurbs are present along the roadsides, crop fields and water

bodies. Among shrubs, Catotropis procera (aak), Cannbis sativa (bhang) and

Sccharum spontaneum (sarkanda), Sccharum ravennae (moonj), Zizyphus

nummularia (jharberi) and Cappans decidue (karil) are most common.

3.13.9Fauna in Study Area

There is no national park or sanctuary in the study area. Wild animals are rare

in the study area.

Table 3.31 gives the name of mammals, birds and reptiles found in the study

area during field survey and from the information collected from villagers and

forest personnel working in the area.

Felis chary (jungli billi), Cants aurelels (siyar), Lepus aphicadates (khargosh)

and Heawardsii (newla) are observed commonly in the study area.

In addition to the existence of mammals, birds and reptiles mentioned in Table

3.31, commonly found domestic animals, such as, cow, bull, buffalo, goat,

sheep, dog, cat, horse, poultry, etc. and lower life forms, such as, ants, spider,

butterfly, bee, wasp termite are also observed in the study area.



The common birds inhabiting in the study area are Eudynahys sootopacea

(koel), Treron phoenicoptera (harial), Columba liviaamelin (kabutar), Milvus

Migrans (cheel), Coracias benghlensis (neelkanth), Corvus macror (kauwa) and

Pavo cristatus (mor).

Table 3.30: List of Tree, Small Trees, Shrubs and Herbs and Grasss

Species

Plant Species Vernacular Name

Form Frequency Ethnobotanical Values

Azadirachta Indica

Neem T VF Medicinal, Timber, Fuel

Acacia arabica Kikar T VF Timber, Fuel

Acacia nilotica Babul T F Timber, Fuel

Aegle marmelos Bel T 0 Food, Timber, Mythological

Bauhinia varegata Kachnar ST 0 Timber, Fuel

Cassia Fistula Amaltas ST 0 Aesthetic, Fuel

Cordia dichotoma Lasora T 0 Timber, Fuel

Dalbergia Sissoo Shisham T F Timber, Fuel

Eucalyptus Hybrid Safeda T VF Timber, Fuel

Emblica officinalis Amla T 0 Medicinal, Food

Ficus religiosa Pipal T F Timber, Mythological

Ficus bengalensis Bargad T 0 Timber, Fuel

Holoptelia integrifolia

Papri T 0 Timber, Medicinal

Morus alba Sahtoot T F Food, Timber

Morus ramphij Philkhan T R Timber, Fuel

Mangifera indica Aam T 0 Timber, Mythological, Fuel

Polyalthia longifolia

Ashok ST 0 Aesthetic / Recreational

Prosopis juliflora Kabuli Kikar T F Timber, Fuel

Phoenix dactylifers

Khajur T F Food, MFP (Fan)

Poplus ephratica Poplar T 0 Timber

Pongamia glabra Karanj T R Timber, Medicinal

Ricinus commusis Andi ST 0 Fuel, MFP (Oil)

Syzygium cumini Jamun T 0 Food, Timber

Tamarindus indica

Imli T R Food, Timber

Terminalia arjuna Arjuna ST 0 Aesthetic / Recreational

Anisomeles Ovata Jangali Tulsi H O Medicinal

Ach ranthes aspera

Chichida H VF Medicinal

Combis Sativa Bhang H O Drugs, Medicinal

Calotopis Procera Aak S O Medicinal



Plant Species Vernacular Name

Form Frequency Ethnobotanical Values

Cappparis decidue

Karil S F Food, fuel

Nerium indicum Kaner S O Aesthetic, Recreational

Datura fatuosa Datura H O Poison, Medicinal

Tribulus terrestris Gokharu H VF Medicinal

Zizyphus numularia

Jhaberi S VF Food, Fodder, Recreational

Cynondon dactylon

Dub G F Fodder

Desmostachya bipinnata

Dab G F MFP (Huts)

Erianpthus munja Munj G F MFP (Huts)

Saccharum spontarleum

Kans G F MFP (Huts)

Cuscuta reflexa Amarbel P R Medicinal

Physiognomics Types (Form) Distribution Status Frequency

T-Tree VF- Very Frequent

ST-Small Tree F-Frequent

H-Herbs O-Occasional

S-Shrub R-Rare

G-Grass A-Absent



Table 3.31: Fauna in the Study Area

Zoological Name Local Name Abundance

Ration

Mammals

Vulpes Hengalensis Lomri R

Vlillivori Caponsis Bijju O

Lepus Aphicadetus Khargosh C

Dandicota Hengakensis Chuha VC

Funamhulus pennanti Gilhari

Taphozous Melanopogon Cha.mgadar O

Felis Chary Jungli Billi C

Harpestes edwarids Nevala C

Cants aurelus Siyar C

Birds (Avifauna)

Buhu zeylonesis Ullu R

Eurlyanahys soolopaoea Koel C

Gyps lengealensis Gidh R

Taccocua leshenaus Jangli Tota C

Coraciav henghalerzsis Nell Kanth R

Starptopella ohlnensls Fakhta C

Pave cristatus Mor C

Trerin pheonicoptera Harial C

Aoridathers tritis Myna C

Wlilvus migrans Cheel C

Falco Spesiz Baj C

Dinopiumhenghalenre Katphora C

Reptiles

Calotes vericolor Girgit C

Gekkao gecko Chhipkilee C

Plyas muoosus Dhamar R

Naza naza Nag R

Jaranus bengalensis Goh C

Ptyas mucous Chuha Saap R

Abundance Rating

R - Rare VC - Very Common

O-Occasional C- Common



3.13.10Rare, Endangered and Threatened Species Within 10 km radius area, no species of flora and fauna have been categorized

as rare, endangered and threatened (RET) species.

3.13.11National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary

There is no wildlife sanctuary, national park or other protected area within 10

km distance from the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur.

3.14 Socio-Economic Environment

3.14.1Introduction

Baseline environmental scenario in the study area with respect to demographic

and socio-economic conditions in the area and the study area has been

discussed in the subsequent sections of this chapter.

The study area comprises settelemnts belongs to Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur

District. Data on number of villages, their land area, number of households and

population in each settlement as well as literacy rate in the study areas has

been obtained from District Census Handbook, 2011 for Jalandhar and

Hoshiarpur Districts.

The growth of infrastructure development activities in an area is bound to

create its impact on the socio-economic aspects of the local population. The

impacts may be positive or negative depending upon the nature of the

development activities. To assess the impacts of the proposed civil enclave

development adjacent to Adampur Airforce Station, on the socio-economic

environment, it is necessary to study the baseline socio-economic status of the

area.

3.14.2 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Jalandhar District

Table 3.32 shows the demographic details of Jalandhar District. Total area of

the district is 2624 sqkm.

In 2011, Jalandhar had population of 2,193,590 out of which male and female

were 1,145,211 and 1,048,379 respectively. Jalandhar District population



constituted 7.91 percent of total Punjab population. In 2001 census, population

of Jalandhar District was at 8.06 percent of Punjab population.

There was change of 11.76 percent in the population compared to population

as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Jalandhar District recorded

increase of 18.96 percent to its population compared to 1991.

The population density of Jalandhar district is 836 people per sqkm as per for

2011. Jalandhar district administers 2,624 square kilometers of areas.

Literacy rate of Jalandhar district in 2011 was 74 % of the total population. If

things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 77.1 %

and 70.6 %, respectively.

Out of the total Jalandhar population for 2011 census, 52.93 percent population

lives in urban area, while 47.07 % population lives rural area. In total 1,161,171

people lives in urban areas of which males are 616,421 and females are

544,750. Sex Ratio in Jalandhar district is 916 as per 2011 census. Similarly

child sex ratio in Jalandhar district was 900 in 2011 census.

Jalandhar District has scheduled castes population of 39.95 %. There is no

scheduled tribes population in the district.

In the Jalandhar District total workers account for 35.31%. Main workers

account for 31.44 % whereas non-workers account for 64.69%. Marginal

workers account for 3.9%.

Table 3.32: Demographic & Occupational Pattern of Jalandhar District

Sn. Details Total Rural Urban

1 House Hold 461635 213682 247953

2 Total Population 2193590 1032419 1161171

3 Total Male Population 1145211 528790 616421

4 Total Female Population 1048379 503629 544750

5 Total Population below 6 Yr 226302 105196 121106

6 Male Population below 6 Yr 120740 55813 64927

7 Female Population below 6 Yr 105562 49383 56179

8 Schedule Caste Population 854444 515342 339102

9 Schedule Caste Male Population 442124 264466 177658




10

Schedule Caste Female

Population 412320 250876 161444

11 Schedule Tribe Population 0 0 0

12 Schedule Tribe Male Population 0 0 0

13

Schedule Tribe Female

Population 0 0 0

14 Literate Population - Total 1622537 728134 894403

15 Literate Population – Male 882581 392867 489714

16 Literate Population - Female 739956 335267 404689

17 Total Worker Population 774472 350042 424430

18 Total Worker Male 639484 291648 347836

19 Total Worker Female 134988 58394 76594

20 Main Worker Population 689592 303843 385749

21 Main Worker Male 586721 262667 324054

22 Main Worker Female 102871 41176 61695

23 Cultivator –Total 81443 76230 5213

24 Cultivator –Male 75668 71074 4594

25 Cultivator –Female 5775 5156 619

26 Agricultural Laborer -Total 52371 46344 6027

27 Agricultural Laborer-Male 43021 38131 4890

28 Agricultural Laborer -Female 9350 8213 1137

29 Household Worker –Total 24842 10145 14697

30 Household Worker-Male 19508 7809 11699

31 Household Worker -Female 5334 2336 2998

32 Other Worker –Total 530936 171124 359812

33 Other Worker-Male 448524 145653 302871

34 Other Worker –Female 82412 25471 56941

35 Marginal Worker –Total 84880 46199 38681

36 Marginal Worker-Male 52763 28981 23782

37 Marginal Worker –Female 32117 17218 14899

38 Non Worker –Total 1419118 682377 736741

39 Non Worker-Male 505727 237142 268585

40 Non Worker –Female 913391 445235 468156

Source: Census Records 2011



3.14.3 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Hoshiarpur District

The part of study area comprise settlement belong to Hoshiarpur District. Table

3.33 shows the demographic details of Hoshiarpur District. Total area of the

district is 3365 sqkm.

In 2011, Hoshiarpur had population of 1,586,625 out of which male and female

were 809,057 and 777,568 respectively. Hoshiarpur District population

constituted 5.72% of total Punjab State population. Out of the total Hoshiarpur

population for 2011 census, 21.11 percent lives in urban regions of district. In

total 334,969 people lives in urban areas of which males are 174,587 and

females are 160,382. As per 2011 census, 78.89 % population of Hoshiarpur

districts lives in rural areas of villages. The total Hoshiarpur district population

living in rural areas is 1,251,656 of which males and females are 634,470 and

617,186 respectively. In rural areas of Hoshiarpur district, sex ratio is 973

females per 1000 males. If child sex ratio data of Hoshiarpur district is

considered, figure is 865 girls per 1000 boys.

Sex Ratio of the Hoshiarpur district is 961 as per 2011 census data. Similarly,

child sex ratio in Hoshiarpur district was 864 in 2011 census.

The population density of Hoshiarpur district for 2011 is 469 people per sqkm.

Average literacy rate in Hoshiarpur district as per census 2011 is 75.61% of

which males and females are 78.85 % and 72.25 % literates respectively.

Hoshiarpur district has scheduled castes population of 35.14 %. There is no

scheduled tribes population in the district.

In the Hoshiarpur District total workers account for 31.5%. Main workers

account for 25.9 % whereas non-workers account for 68.5%. Marginal workers

account for 21.62%.

Table 3.33: Demographic & Occupational Pattern of Hoshiarpur District


1. House Hold 336994 264831 72163

2. Total Population 1586625 1251656 334969

3. Total Male Population 809057 634470 174587




4. Total Female Population 777568 617186 160382

5. Total Population below 6 Yr 168331 134056 34275

6. Male Population below 6 Yr 90280 71880 18400

7. Female Population below 6 Yr 78051 62176 15875

8. Schedule Caste Population 557504 465037 92467

9. Schedule Caste Male Population 284322 236295 48027

10.

Schedule Caste Female

Population 273182 228742 44440

11. Schedule Tribe Population 0 0 0

12. Schedule Tribe Male Population 0 0 0

13.

Schedule Tribe Female

Population 0 0 0

14. Literate Population - Total 1199699 935835 263864

15. Literate Population – Male 637927 496632 141295

16. Literate Population - Female 561772 439203 122569

17. Total Worker Population 499822 385166 114656

18. Total Worker Male 412506 319963 92543

19. Total Worker Female 87316 65203 22113

20. Main Worker Population 411011 311079 99932

21. Main Worker Male 352281 269556 82725

22. Main Worker Female 58730 41523 17207

23. Cultivator –Total 82587 80397 2190

24. Cultivator –Male 77094 75091 2003

25. Cultivator –Female 5493 5306 187

26. Agricultural Laborer –Total 49487 46941 2546

27. Agricultural Laborer – Male 41453 39272 2181

28. Agricultural Laborer – Female 8034 7669 365

29. Household Worker – Total 11952 9295 2657

30. Household Worker – Male 9292 7194 2098

31. Household Worker – Female 2660 2101 559

32. Other Worker –Total 266985 174446 92539

33. Other Worker – Male 224442 147999 76443

34. Other Worker – Female 42543 26447 16096

35. Marginal Worker –Total 88811 74087 14724

36. Marginal Worker – Male 60225 50407 9818

37. Marginal Worker –Female 28586 23680 4906




38. Non Worker – Total 1086803 866490 220313

39. Non Worker – Male 396551 314507 82044

40. Non Worker – Female 690252 551983 138269

Source: Census Records 2011

3.14.4 Demographics Details of the Settlements in the Study Area

The 10 km study area comprise mostly Jalandhar District and partly Hoshiarpur.

Demographic details including data on settlements with number of households,

population as well as literacy in the settlements located in 10 km radius of

Adampur Civil Enclave has been obtained from census records 2011 and

presented in Table 3.34. From the tabulated data following observations can

be made:

A. House Holds

In the settlements located in the study area, there are total 27166 households

as per census records 2011.

B. Population

As per census records, the population of settlements in the study area is

124373. The male population constituted nearly 51.51% persons while the

female population is 48.49% of the total population in the study area.

C. Sex Ratio

As per census records, sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000

males. As per census records, sex ratio in settlements located in the study area

are 941, which is more than from sex ratio for Punjab State (895).

D. Schedule Caste

In the study area, scheduled castes population is 50.25% of the total population

in the study area.

E. Schedule Tribe

In the study area, there is no scheduled tribes population.



F. Literacy

Literate population in the villages in the study area is given in Table 3.34 as

per the census records. In the study area 74.55% is literate, 77.24% amongst

males and 70.6% amongst females.

G. Employment Pattern

The employment pattern in the area is an indicator of number of persons

employed in various sectors. It also indicates the various categories of

employment flourishing in the area. The employment pattern in the settlements

located in 10 km radius of proposed civil enclave is given in Table 3.35.

In the study area, total workers account for 33.63% (53.86% males and

12.16% females) whereas non-workers account for 66.36% (46.12% males

and 87.84% females). Main workers account for 87.4% while marginal workers

are 12.6%.

In the study area, out of total main workers in the study area, other workers

inganged in services, business, mining, household industries account for

67.6%, followed by cultivators account for 17.1 %, agricultual labour accounts

for 15.2 %.

3.14.5 Socio-Economic Status of the Study Area

The study area is a fertile regions. Agriculture is main occupation in the villages

of the study area and growing wheat crop, paddy, sugar cane, fruits and

vegetables etc. However, people in the area are engaged in business,

commerce and services also.

Cropping Pattern

The area is endowed with good fertile soil, adequate ground water and three

growing seasons i.e., rabi, kharif and zayed. Wheat and paddy are main crops

in the area. Other crops are barley, maize, sugarcane, bajra, jowar, vegitable,

fodders, etc. The rabi or the spring harvest consists of wheat, gram, barley,

potatoes and winter vegetables. The Kharif or the autumn harvest consists of

rice, maize, sugarcane, cotton and pulses.



3.14.6Living Standards and Infrastructure

Availability of amenities like education, medical, water supply, communication,

road network, electricity, etc. significantly reflects the level of development of

an area. Information on available amenities in the study area was gathered

during field studies and the same is discussed in the following subsections:

Educational Facilities

Relatively good educational facilities are available in the study area. The

primary level education facilities are available in mostly all the settlement. For

higher education people of the area people approach Jallandhar or Hoshiapur

Cities.

Medical Facilities

In the study area, releatively good medical facilities are available. Most of the

village can access medical facilities at distance of maximum 5 km.

Drinking Water Supply

All villages of the study area have drinking water facility.

Communication

The villages of the study area have phone connections. Mobile network is also

available in the all villages of the study area.

Approach to villages

All the villages up to 250 population in the study area can be approached by

road.

Power Supply

Electricity exists in all the villages for agricultural/all purposes.



3.15 Heritage Structures with Study area

There are no heritage structures within 10 km from the proposed civil enclave.



Table 3.34: Demographic Details of the Study Area

Sr. No

Settlement Name House Hold

Total Population Schedule Cast Schedule Tribe Literates

Person Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

A. Jalandhar District

1. Adampur 4859 20922 11152 9770 3720 3433 0 0 9052 7444

2. Dumunda 447 1880 923 957 262 267 0 0 787 741

3. Kandola 475 1958 1018 940 427 419 0 0 803 655

4. Alawalpur 1715 7815 4156 3659 2545 2310 0 0 3282 2627

5. Arjanwal 368 1695 873 822 504 471 0 0 645 521

6. Badala 88 413 200 213 79 79 0 0 164 155

7. Bhagwanpur 65 302 159 143 129 121 0 0 121 105

8. Bhathe 125 632 335 297 307 271 0 0 250 213

9. Bhel 128 609 316 293 224 208 0 0 269 222

10. Chuhan 19 101 53 48 22 19 0 0 23 22

11. Chuharwali 558 2713 1337 1376 982 1017 0 0 1028 937

12. Daroli Kalan & Daroli Khurd

1124 4767 2320 2447 608 612 0 0 1886 1818

13. Daudpur 39 205 116 89 102 80 0 0 98 64

14. Dhandaur 222 1008 511 497 185 182 0 0 373 315

15. Dhandauri 106 504 249 255 173 187 0 0 192 188

16. Dhirowal 240 900 448 452 250 236 0 0 281 256

17. Dhurial 213 1036 540 496 408 369 0 0 439 367

18. Dode 75 364 190 174 6 4 0 0 145 124

19. Ghurial 506 2151 1091 1060 434 421 0 0 919 803

20. Goalpind 43 200 103 97 38 42 0 0 79 66

21. Haripur 409 1929 978 951 570 560 0 0 778 664

22. Hussainpur 283 1291 628 663 534 577 0 0 495 441



Sr. No




23. Jaganpur 29 140 77 63 17 15 0 0 56 37

24. Jagrawan 86 423 213 210 122 127 0 0 167 133

25. Jalpot 104 447 228 219 107 99 0 0 180 157

26. Jethpur 143 704 358 346 221 215 0 0 261 235

27. Khanpur 138 626 311 315 235 255 0 0 209 190

28. Khiala 37 163 84 79 41 39 0 0 61 53

29. Khichipur 165 788 404 384 212 234 0 0 320 273

30. Khojkipur 211 1043 522 521 284 277 0 0 428 374

31. Kohja 200 968 493 475 220 203 0 0 392 342

32. Kotla 128 583 318 265 202 178 0 0 254 176

33. Kotli Araian 179 721 366 355 239 236 0 0 280 247

34. Kotli Jamiat Singh 126 670 332 338 158 153 0 0 193 172

35. Lesariwala 468 2217 1165 1052 995 887 0 0 790 613

36. Lutera Kalan 163 727 360 367 31 23 0 0 292 264

37. Lutera Khurd 98 455 230 225 142 135 0 0 177 159

38. Mahaddipur 177 846 435 411 246 223 0 0 338 297

39. Mandiala 296 1538 777 761 295 283 0 0 544 481

40. Mehmadpur 96 464 236 228 91 93 0 0 129 117

41. Mirpur 141 661 357 304 42 28 0 0 248 200

42. Nahal 109 512 249 263 189 204 0 0 205 188

43. Najka 117 441 226 215 189 177 0 0 167 132

44. Nauli 217 977 481 496 225 246 0 0 360 335

45. Naurangpur 107 599 310 289 91 93 0 0 221 186

46. Nurpur 980 4748 2552 2196 1263 1098 0 0 1969 1368

47. Padhiana 683 2879 1419 1460 547 524 0 0 1220 1140



Sr. No




48. Pandori Nijran 667 3121 1654 1467 912 815 0 0 1376 1116

49. Pawar 89 444 247 197 209 168 0 0 192 141

50. Raipur 356 1591 770 821 435 447 0 0 616 581

51. Rame Taharpur 7 22 12 10 0 0 0 0 10 5

52. Salala 263 1305 653 652 478 504 0 0 503 444

53. Sarobad 184 922 498 424 299 239 0 0 423 313

54. Shafipur 218 1145 604 541 512 450 0 0 467 341

55. Talwandi Araian 134 641 304 337 220 240 0 0 259 237

56. Talwara 114 506 260 246 233 215 0 0 204 174

57. Udesian 299 1327 669 658 426 421 0 0 530 470

Subtotal 19636 88759 45870 42889 22637 21429 0 0 36150 30439

B. Hoshiarpur District

58. Ahrana 1153 5495 2853 2642 1498 1383 0 0 2100 1777

59. Ajram 649 2933 1523 1410 1085 1023 0 0 1188 971

60. Badowal 207 934 473 461 220 222 0 0 357 330

61. Chattowal 152 749 370 379 212 202 0 0 313 310

62. Chikarial 48 209 109 100 0 0 0 0 89 75

63. Dehra 57 253 123 130 96 104 0 0 94 88

64. Dherian 111 567 305 262 211 179 0 0 245 179

65. Dhurian 126 571 283 288 142 158 0 0 191 176

66. Gagnoli 84 405 214 191 66 67 0 0 168 137

67. Kaira 105 430 205 225 9 10 0 0 155 167

68. Khanaura 530 2714 1434 1280 781 712 0 0 1128 856

69. Khokhar 46 240 117 123 10 8 0 0 87 91



Sr. No




70. Manolian 190 876 458 418 188 173 0 0 347 276

71. Marnaian Kalan 169 777 402 375 158 156 0 0 330 275

72. Meghowal 385 1818 888 930 351 369 0 0 711 673

73. Mona Kalan 443 1979 1013 966 443 459 0 0 749 642

74. Pandori Mehtwan 186 783 381 402 115 121 0 0 309 318

75. Pawal 232 1133 589 544 387 354 0 0 469 377

76. Phadman 163 875 450 425 40 32 0 0 285 243

77. Phuglana 631 3111 1556 1555 1011 1057 0 0 1239 1130

78. Ramdaspur 194 926 459 467 237 265 0 0 372 348

79. Sahari 656 3032 1534 1498 876 839 0 0 1247 1124

80. Sham Chaursi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

81. Simbli 46 215 103 112 7 9 0 0 80 80

82. Talwandi Kanungoian

192 956 493 463 408 393 0 0 349 282

83. Tanuli 345 1663 857 806 367 335 0 0 645 564

84. Taragarh 220 985 504 481 293 273 0 0 405 336

85. Tharoli 121 570 275 295 139 142 0 0 207 192

86. Wahid 89 415 224 191 22 17 0 0 135 122

Sub-Total 7530 35614 18195 17419 9372 9062 0 0 13994 12139

Total 27166 124373 64065 60308 32009 30491 0 0 50144 42578

Source: Census Record-2011



Table 3.35: Occupational Pattern of the Study Area Sr.

No.

Name of

Settlements Total Workers

Total Main

Workers Cultivators

Agricultural

Labour

Other

Workers

Marginal

Workers Non Workers

Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

A. Jalandhar District

1. Adampur 6281 1235 5727 924 83 9 184 18 5460 897 554 311 4871 8535

2. Dumunda 421 63 379 52 91 2 21 1 267 49 42 11 502 894

3. Kandola 519 81 421 47 100 6 65 8 256 33 98 34 499 859

4. Alawalpur 2376 513 2132 406 51 9 214 82 1867 315 244 107 1780 3146

5. Arjanwal 512 25 505 22 172 3 9 0 324 19 7 3 361 797

6. Badala 110 1 110 1 65 0 29 0 16 1 0 0 90 212

7. Bhagwanpur 92 7 87 6 9 0 7 0 71 6 5 1 67 136

8. Bhathe 193 59 171 40 13 2 15 4 143 34 22 19 142 238

9. Bhel 195 23 194 23 56 4 82 4 56 15 1 0 121 270

10. Chuhan 37 17 37 17 16 0 19 17 2 0 0 0 16 31

11. Chuharwali 707 169 687 142 100 12 66 44 521 86 20 27 630 1207

12. Daroli Kalan & Daroli Khurd

957 146 820 118 201 11 82 11 537 96 137 28 1363 2301

13. Daudpur 60 6 60 5 7 0 27 1 26 4 0 1 56 83

14. Dhandaur 253 49 215 29 66 2 11 1 138 26 38 20 258 448

15. Dhandauri 132 33 124 29 23 2 16 0 85 27 8 4 117 222

16. Dhirowal 246 65 240 60 45 0 29 10 166 50 6 5 202 387

17. Dhurial 244 63 228 44 49 7 33 2 146 35 16 19 296 433

18. Dode 96 3 80 1 71 0 3 1 6 0 16 2 94 171

19. Ghurial 438 80 383 64 114 9 34 12 235 43 55 16 653 980

20. Goalpind 57 15 33 6 16 2 1 0 16 4 24 9 46 82

21. Haripur 478 201 461 186 65 13 141 105 255 68 17 15 500 750

22. Hussainpur 389 52 379 45 48 6 53 6 278 33 10 7 239 611

23. Jaganpur 53 22 48 9 18 2 18 0 12 7 5 13 24 41

24. Jagrawan 134 17 96 9 51 1 3 1 42 7 38 8 79 193

25. Jalpot 106 48 85 9 29 0 4 0 52 9 21 39 122 171

26. Jethpur 171 22 153 15 32 2 18 9 103 4 18 7 187 324



Sr. No.

Name of Settlements

Total Workers Total Main Workers

Cultivators Agricultural

Labour Other

Workers Marginal Workers

Non Workers


27. Khanpur 172 11 171 11 22 1 1 0 148 10 1 0 139 304

28. Khiala 32 7 32 7 13 0 9 0 10 7 0 0 52 72

29. Khichipur 224 37 139 11 75 0 0 0 64 11 85 26 180 347

30. Khojkipur 258 65 256 61 79 1 14 0 163 60 2 4 264 456

31. Kohja 280 53 268 51 69 4 67 24 132 23 12 2 213 422

32. Kotla 176 29 171 29 12 2 2 2 157 25 5 0 142 236

33. Kotli Araian 200 11 194 9 43 0 39 1 112 8 6 2 166 344

34.

Kotli Jamiat

Singh 183 57 181 57 33 1 47 44 101 12 2 0 149 281

35. Lesariwala 680 111 592 68 57 4 197 36 338 28 88 43 485 941

36. Lutera Kalan 222 143 219 142 89 33 20 11 110 98 3 1 138 224

37. Lutera Khurd 107 26 78 19 28 0 2 0 48 19 29 7 123 199

38. Mahaddipur 225 23 222 15 66 2 30 1 126 12 3 8 210 388

39. Mandiala 463 109 448 71 217 6 141 15 90 50 15 38 314 652

40. Mehmadpur 146 62 146 35 36 1 62 23 48 11 0 27 90 166

41. Mirpur 197 21 190 17 11 2 10 0 169 15 7 4 160 283

42. Nahal 136 13 136 13 18 0 8 5 110 8 0 0 113 250

43. Najka 142 66 112 33 5 1 84 28 23 4 30 33 84 149

44. Nauli 273 27 250 12 82 2 4 0 164 10 23 15 208 469

45. Naurangpur 204 33 203 29 99 5 42 15 62 9 1 4 106 256

46. Nurpur 1573 528 1406 226 38 10 63 19 1305 197 167 302 979 1668

47. Padhiana 725 179 641 86 152 5 23 6 466 75 84 93 694 1281

48. Pandori Nijran 820 234 772 221 179 21 41 1 552 199 48 13 834 1233

49. Pawar 132 35 110 19 17 2 31 6 62 11 22 16 115 162

50. Raipur 393 45 331 40 128 5 4 0 199 35 62 5 377 776

51. Rame Taharpur 9 1 9 1 2 0 3 0 4 1 0 0 3 9

52. Salala 342 129 342 128 51 1 54 21 237 106 0 1 311 523

53. Sarobad 309 13 309 11 60 1 119 1 130 9 0 2 189 411

54. Shafipur 330 27 323 23 18 4 37 5 268 14 7 4 274 514

55. Talwandi Araian 171 9 170 7 35 2 39 0 96 5 1 2 133 328



Sr. No.

Name of Settlements



Labour Other


Non Workers


56. Talwara 150 28 84 3 17 1 0 0 67 2 66 25 110 218

57. Udesian 345 44 330 42 74 5 38 0 218 37 15 2 324 614

Sub Total 24876 5191 22690 3806 3416 226 2415 601 16859 2979 2186 1385 20994 37698

B. Hoshiarpur District

58. Ahrana 1531 387 1414 290 357 47 244 136 813 107 117 97 1322 2255

59. Ajram 806 296 650 129 133 20 152 23 365 86 156 167 717 1114

60. Badowal 245 22 201 9 50 1 18 1 133 7 44 13 228 439

61. Chattowal 155 24 142 21 39 2 8 0 95 19 13 3 215 355

62. Chikarial 45 13 41 10 9 1 4 0 28 9 4 3 64 87

63. Dehra 66 4 22 4 4 0 0 0 18 4 44 0 57 126

64. Dherian 178 10 178 10 38 0 79 2 61 8 0 0 127 252

65. Dhurian 155 66 129 48 30 0 69 35 30 13 26 18 128 222

66. Gagnoli 139 36 135 34 53 0 8 2 74 32 4 2 75 155

67. Kaira 72 5 61 4 36 1 1 0 24 3 11 1 133 220

68. Khanaura 827 175 815 150 174 4 262 102 379 44 12 25 607 1105

69. Khokhar 64 8 63 7 46 1 1 0 16 6 1 1 53 115

70. Manolian 245 69 228 59 82 5 37 27 109 27 17 10 213 349

71. Marnaian Kalan 216 29 199 16 83 1 19 8 97 7 17 13 186 346

72. Meghowal 500 77 402 63 127 7 5 7 270 49 98 14 388 853

73. Mona Kalan 544 130 505 87 177 10 165 61 163 16 39 43 469 836

74. Pandori Mehtwan

185 25 180 13 64 1 3 2 113 10

5 12 196 377

75. Pawal 315 28 273 24 89 1 152 16 32 7 42 4 274 516

76. Phadman 262 178 184 51 85 25 49 21 50 5 78 127 188 247

77. Phuglana 794 129 717 78 157 14 314 35 246 29 77 51 762 1426

78. Ramdaspur 237 84 218 74 94 7 11 2 113 65 19 10 222 383

79. Sahari 772 143 640 127 139 50 69 23 432 54 132 16 762 1355

80. Sham Chaursi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

81. Simbli 53 7 42 5 17 0 4 1 21 4 11 2 50 105



Sr. No.

Name of Settlements



Labour Other


Non Workers


82. Talwandi Kanungoian

269 56 250 25 40 0 37 4 173 21 19 31 224 407

83. Tanuli 408 70 389 56 143 5 112 27 134 24 19 14 449 736

84. Taragarh 258 32 254 30 64 0 82 17 108 13 4 2 246 449

85. Tharoli 146 13 146 13 2 0 40 6 104 7 0 0 129 282

86. Wahid 143 26 139 19 65 0 56 16 18 3 4 7 81 165

Sub Total 9630 2142 8617 1456 2397 203 2001 574 4219 679 1013 686 8565 15277

Total Study

Area 34506 7333 31307 5262 5813 429 4416 1175 21078 3658 3199 2071 29559 52975

Source: Census Record -2011

EIA for Development of New Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -1

CHAPTER – 4

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

& MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction

The assessment of potential environmental impact consists of comparing the

expected changes in the environment with or without the proposed civil enclave

at Airforce Base at Adampur. The main aim of assessment of environment

impacts is to identify the nature and significance of anticipated environmental

impacts. This chapter assesses the nature, type and magnitude of the potential

impacts likely on the various relevant physical, biological, social and cultural

components due to the proposed civil enclave. The environmental, biological,

ecological and social impacts can be direct as well as indirect. The direct area

of influence includes the construction sites for the project and surrounding area.

The impacts on various environmental components can occur at any of the

following stages of the project planning and implementation:

(i.) planning and design stage;

(ii.) construction stage; and

(iii.) operation stage.

This chapter discusses the identification and appraisal of various environmental

impacts due to the planning, design construction and operation of the proposed

civil enclave at Adampur. The construction and operation phases of the

proposed civil enclave will comprise various activities, each of which may have

adverse or beneficial impact on environmental parameters. Various anticipated

environmental impacts during the construction and operation phases on the

environmental parameters have been studied to evaluate and estimate its

impact on the environment. The environmental impacts can be categorized as

either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are attributable

directly to the project, secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly

induced and typically include the associated impacts and changed pattern of

social and economic activities by the proposed civil enclave.



The design, construction and operational phases of the proposed civil enclave

at Adampur comprises various activities each of which may have an impact on

some or other environmental parameters. Various environmental attributes

during the construction and operation phase haves been studied/analyzed to

estimate the overall impacts on the surrounding environment.

Due to the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, water environment, air

environment, noise, land environment, ecological environment and socio-

economic factors are identified as the significant environmental components

likely to be affected. The anticipated impacts on the environmental components

are identified, quantitatively/qualitatively evaluated, predicted and discussed

below with suitable mitigation measures.

Methodology for Qualitatively Assessment of Environmental Impacts

The anticipated environmental impacts due to the proposed civil enclave at

Adampur may be beneficial or adverse, short or long term (acute or chronic),

temporary or permanent, direct or indirect and local or regional. Adverse

environmental impacts include such impacts which can lead harm to living

resources, atmosphere, damage to human health, birds & animal, vegetation,

land & water resources, hindrance to activities in place, harm of quality for use,

reduction of amenities, damage to physical structures, etc. Environmental risk

is also evaluated based on its likelihood and significance for each identified

potential environmental impact due to proposed activities for the proposed civil

enclave in the area. For the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, the impacts

assessment has been carried out in the following three steps:

• Step 1 : Identification of interface between project activities and

environmental receptors

• Step 2 : Identification of potential environmental impacts

• Step 3 : Evaluation of significant environmental impacts

In Step 1, based on the project description and environmental baseline

conditions, a detailed matrix of activities and environmental receptors has been

prepared. Based on project activities and baseline environment conditions at

and around the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, it is determined whether an

interface exists between project activity and an environmental receptor.



In Step 2, on the basis of interface identified in Step 1, potential environmental

impacts due to the proposed civil enclave are identified. The environmental

impacts may be beneficial or adverse, direct or indirect, reversible or

irreversible and short-term or long-term as given, as per criteria given in Table

4.1.

Table 4.1: Impact Assessment Rating Matrix

Impact Criteria

Nature of

Impact

Beneficial Positive

Adverse Negative

Duration of

Impact

Short term Impacts shall be confined to a stipulated

time

Long term Impacts shall continue till the end of project

life

Impacted Area Localized Impacts shall be confined within 10 km

radius

Regional Impacts shall continue beyond 10 km radius

In Step 3, all the potential environmental impacts are evaluated and a qualitative

evaluation is carried out. An impact level is rated as “low”, “medium” or “high”.

The impact rating is based on two parameters, i.e. “severity of environmental

impacts” and “likelihood of occurrence of the environmental impacts”.

• Severity of Environmental Impact: The severity of an environmental

impact is a function of a range of considerations including impact

magnitude, impact duration, impact extent, compliance of prescribed legal

framework and the characteristics of the receptors/ resources; and

• Likelihood of Occurrence of Environmental Impact: How likely is the

impact (this is particularly an important consideration in the evaluation of

unplanned/ accidental events).

The significance of each environmental impact is determined by assessing the

impact’s severity against the likelihood of the environmental impact occurring,

as summarized in the environmental impact significance assessment matrix

provided in Table 4.2.



Table 4.2: Impact Assessment Rating Matrix

Impact

Severity

Impact Likelihood

Unlikely (e.g.

not expected

to occur

during the

project

lifetime)

Low Likelihood

(e.g. may occur

once or twice

during the

project lifetime)

Medium

Likelihood (e.g.

may occur every

few years)

High Likelihood

(e.g. routine,

happens several

times a year)

Slight Negligible

Impact

Negligible

Impact

Negligible

Impact

Negligible

Impact

Low Negligible

Impact

Negligible

Impact

Negligible to

Minor Impact

Minor Impact

Medium Negligible

Impact

Minor Impact Minor–Moderate

Impact

Moderate

Impact

High Minor

Impact

Moderate Impact

Major Impact Major Impact

Notes:

Negligible Impact : Defined as magnitude of change comparable to natural variation

Minor Impact : Defined as detectable but not significant

Moderate Impact : Defined as insignificant; amenable to mitigation; should be

mitigated where practicable

Major Impact : Defined as significant; amenable to mitigation; must be

mitigated

The one of primary purpose of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur is to

facilitated air connectivity to Jalandhar/Hoshiarpur and region. Accordingly,

keeping in view the current and future requirement, proposed terminal building,

taxiway and apron at proposed civil enclave are proposed.

The likely impacts of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur would be due to:

• Pre-construction Phase

• Construction phase, which would be mainly regarded as temporary or short

term; and

• Operation phase, which would have long-term and permanent impacts.

The construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave at

Adampur comprise of various activities, which have been considered to assess

the anticipated impact on one or other environmental parameter as described

in the following sections:



The mitigation measures for adverse environmental impacts have been

suggested as applicable regulatory requirements on environmental and socio-

economic issues and are intended to meet the following objectives:

• Prevent air, water, soil and noise pollution during construction & operation

phases;

• Adopt environmental and social enhancement measures;

• Encourage the socio-economic development in the region.

The anticipated environmental impacts of the proposed civil enclave at

Adampur and corresponding mitigation measures for construction and

operation phases have been described in the following sub-sections:

4.2 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Pre-Construction

Phase

The pre-construction phase will involve completion of necessary legal

formalities with respect to environmental clearances, site surveys/design and

bidding of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur. The construction of the

proposed civil enclave will require equipment and machinery, requisite skilled,

semi-skilled manpower & labour. The supervision and project management will

be undertaken by Airports Authority of India.

4.3 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase

The construction phase will mainly consist of transportation of earth for filling,

machinery and construction materials to be used for construction, clearing and

levelling of land, construction of terminal building, taxi way apron, etc and

associated works as per approved design, etc. Proposed terminal building will

be constructed through pre-cast and pre-fab structures.

4.3.1 Topography & Physiography

Topography of the area is plain. For construction of the proposed civil enclave

at Adampur, no major cutting and filling will be required. Earth, if required, will

be procured from authorized earth suppliers. The construction works for the

proposed civil enclave will be confined within encumbrance free 40 Acres land,



which has been transferred by State Govt. to AAI. Hence, the anticipated impact

on the topography during construction phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Topography & Physiography

Nature of Impact Adverse

Duration of Impact Long term

Impacted Area Localized

Likelihood of Occurrence Low

Severity of Impact Low

Significance of Impact Low

Mitigation Measures

• Land clearing at the site will be kept to the absolute minimum practicable;

• Construction site would be designed to minimize filling of the earths; and

• Borrowing of earth if required will be ensured only from approved borrow

area having valid environmental from District Level Environmental Impact

Assessment Authority (DEIAA).

4.3.2 Land Use Pattern

For construction of the proposed civil enclave, total 40 Acres land is required,

which has been transferred by State Govt. to AAI. The land use pattern of the

40 Acres land is currently open land, which will be changed permanently,

however this impact will be localized. The impact on the land use pattern of the

area during construction phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Land Use pattern





Severity of Impact Slight

Significance of Impact Negligible



Mitigation Measures

• Land clearing for construction site will be kept to the absolutely minimum

practicable;

• The filling and cutting of soil would be kept minimum; and

• Construction debris and waste generated during construction activities will

be collected and disposed in environmental sound manner as per applicable

rules depending upon type of wastes.

4.3.3 Soil Quality

At the time of construction, some amount of debris, cuttings of construction

materials, etc, may be generated at the construction site. Wastes and debris

generated at the site will be collected time to time and disposed suitability to

avoid contamination of earth.

During the construction phase, hydraulic lube oil, fuels and lubricating oils

would be stored near the proposed construction site. There is possibility of spills

of such oils during loading, unloading, storing and handing. During construction

phase, waste oil shall be generated as and when lubricating oil will be changed

from engines of DG sets and construction machineries. Used oil will be collected

and stored in leak proof drums and sent to be used oil recyclers. The used oil

drums will be properly identified with a label in Punjabi and English. Used oil

generated shall be handed over to authorised recyclers for treatment and reuse.

Other solid wastes, like debris, metal pieces, cotton wastes, electrical wires

cuttings, etc so generated will be collected & segregated and will be disposed-

off as per standard practices.

The overall impact on soil quality during construction phase is summarized as

hereunder:

Environmental Impact Rating Soil Quality


Duration of Impact Short term







Mitigation Measures

• Compaction and stabilization will be ensured during filling to ensure that no

loose soil is washed away with runoff during rains,

• Restoration of land surface with the site condition and contours, prior to

initiation of construction activities,

• Wastes, fuel, oil drums, used oil, etc. would be collected and disposed

properly,

• Dust bins will be placed at requisite locations at the construction site and

there will be segregation of wastes before disposal,

• No demolition wastes will not be generated, as the project is green field

project. Construction wastes like metal cutting, glass, aluminum pipes and

sheets etc will be sent for recycling. Small quantity of construction debris

generated from construction site will be used for filling at the site.

Management of construction debris will be as per Construction and

Demolition Waste Management Rules 2016.

• Used oil from maintenance of DG sets engines and construction equipment

will be collected separately in drums and will be handed over to the

authorized used oil recyclers by the Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB)

as per the CPCB guidelines. List of authorized used oil recyclers is already

available at PPCB website,

• e-wastes generated at the civil enclave will be collected and disposed to

authorized e-waste recyclers as per e-Waste Management Rules 2016.

• Approx. 15 kg per day municipal wastes, like, plastic, paper, packing waste,

bottles, oil contaminated cottons and clothes, food wastes from labour

camp, etc. will also be generated and may contaminate soil of the site, if

not disposed properly. These wastes will be collected, segregated and

disposed as per Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016.

4.3.4 Drainage Pattern

For construction of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, total 40 Acres land

will be used which is adjacent to existing Airforce Base. Proper slope and storm

water management system will be provided at the site to maintain natural

drainage and runoff movement at the site and surrounding areas. The

anticipated impact on the natural drainage pattern during construction phase

is rated as:



Environmental Impact Rating Drainage Pattern







Mitigation Measures

• Slope and storm water management shall be provided to maintain drainage

and flow of runoff in the drain.

• Drainage at the site will be maintained as per drainage counter at the site,

therefore, no flooding will be occurred at and around the proposed civil

enclave during and after construction of terminal building, taxi way and

apron.

4.3.5 Flood and Natural Disaster

The proposed civil enclave site is not geographically vulnerable to floods. During

the construction of the proposed civil enclave, natural drainage will be

maintained properly by storm water management.

The impact from the flood due to construction of the proposed civil enclave is

rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Natural Disaster- Flood






Significance of Impact Minor



Mitigation Measures

• Area within the site for construction of the proposed proposed civil enclave

shall be graded properly;

• Natural drainage will be maintained in the surrounding.

• Construction of storm water drainage channels will not allow water logging

at the site and in surrounding area;

4.3.6 Water Resources

During the construction phase of the proposed civil enclave, approx. 10-20

kl/day water will be required depending upon the type of construction activities.

The water requirement will be met through bore well to be drilled after

obtaining permission from competent agency. The construction will be

completed within in approximately 24 months time. The construction water

requirement would be temporary in nature depending nature of construction

activities. Therefore, the impact on the water resources during the construction

phase would be temporary and variable in nature. The overall impact on water

resource during construction phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Water Resources







Mitigation Measures

• Continuous efforts will be made to optimize/reduce water usage,

• Continuous attempts will be made to avoid wastage and leakage of water,

• Record of water consumption on a daily basis will be maintained,

• Reuse of treated waste water for greenery and landscaping.



4.3.7 Water Quality

Water will be required for construction purposes during the period of

construction especially for concreting and compaction of excavated earths. The

water requirement will be met by extracting ground water from borewell to be

drilled at the proposed civil enclave.

Anticipated impacts on water quality during construction phase may be due to

sewage and wastes generated from the construction site. The wastewater

(sewage) generated during construction phase will be mainly from domestic

activities. At the construction site 80 to 100 skilled, semiskilled and labour will

be required for construction activities depending construction activities.

Wastewater generated from domestic purposes will be minimal as most of the

workers will be from the local area.

During the construction phase, excavated loose soil used for foundation, taxi

way and apron may be washed out from the site with runoff during rainfall,

which may increase the turbidity and suspended solids in runoff from

construction site. However, this impact may last when first rain is over as loose

soil will be stabilised after first rainfall. Therefore, this impact will be temporary

in nature.

The overall impact during construction phase on water quality is summarized

as the follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Water Quality







Mitigation Measures

• Excavation and site clearing work will be planned during non-rainy season,

• All debris and wastes from the construction site will be collected and

disposed off suitably,



• Silt traps will be provided to prevent the discharge of excessive suspended

solids,

• Oil trap will be provided in the drainage line to prevent contamination of

runoff by any oil spillage from construction machineries,

• To prevent contamination from spillage of oil, storage areas will be made

by cemented floor, bunded and will be cleaned at regular intervals,

• Wastewater generated from the domestic activities (kitchen/toilet) will be

treated in septic tank after passing through oil trap followed by soak pit,

and

• Used oil and oil contaminated cotton & clothes will be given to authorised

used oil recyclers.

4.3.8 Ambient Air Quality

The potential sources of air emissions during construction phase of the

proposed civil enclave will be as follows:

• Dust from earth works (during site preparation & excavation),

• Emissions from the operation of construction equipment and machines for

compaction,

• Fugitive emissions from vehicles running to the construction site,

• Fugitive emissions during the unloading of cement bags,

• Fugitive emissions during mixing of cement with other building materials,

• Emission for DG sets to be used temporarily during construction phase,

• Air emissions other than dust arise from combustion of hydrocarbons. The

pollutants of concerns are NO2, SO2, CO, un-burnt hydrocarbons and

particulate matter (PM10 & PM2.5).

The impact of construction activity on ambient air quality is a cause for concern

mainly in the dry months due to settling of dust particles. The main sources of

dust emissions during the construction period will be the movement of

equipment at the site and dust emitted during the levelling, grading,

earthworks, and other construction related activities. The dust emitted during

the above mentioned activities will depend upon the type of soil being

excavated and the humidity levels. The impact is likely to be for short duration

and confined to vicinity of the construction site. The composition of dust in this

kind of operation is however mostly coarse particles, inorganic and non-toxic in

nature and these are not expected to travel long distance before settling.



Exhaust emissions from vehicles and equipment deployed during the

construction phase also result in marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NO2,

unburnt hydrocarbons and particulate matter (PM10 & PM2.5). The impact will,

however, be reversible, marginal, and temporary in nature.

The impact of construction activities on ambient air would be temporary and

restricted to the construction phase. The impact will be confined within the

project boundary and is expected to be negligible outside the project

boundaries. Proper up-keep and maintenance of vehicles, sprinkling of water

at construction site, etc. are some of the proposed measures that would greatly

reduce the impact on the air quality during the construction phase of the

proposed civil enclave.

During the excavation, earth, unloading of cement bags and mixing of cement

with other building materials, fugitive dust emissions may be emitted at the

construction site. It may be noted that these emissions would be in the form of

coarse particulate matter and will be settled down ultimately in the closed

vicinity of the construction site.

Emissions from the DG sets may cause localised impact on ambient air quality

for short duration as these will be operated during grid power failure. DG sets

will be operated only in case of grid power failure. Adequate height of stacks

will be provided to the DG sets as per guidelines of CPCB to facilitate the

dispersion of flue gases in the atmosphere.

As construction activities will be mainly confined to the project site only for a

short duration, hence the impact on the ambient air quality during construction

phase is rated as given below:

Environmental Impact Rating Ambient Air Quality




Likelihood of Occurrence High





Mitigation Measures

• Dust suppression systems (water spray) will be used as per requirement at

the construction site;

• Construction materials and earth will be fully covered during transportation

to the construction site by road;

• Standard prescribed by the CPCB/PPCB for stack height and emissions from

DG sets will be complied with;

• Preventive maintenance will be carried out for vehicles and pollution check

will be mandatory on periodic basis all the vehicles approaching to the

construction site;

• Earth moving equipment, typically a bulldozer with a grader blade and

ripper, will be used for excavation work;

• Monitoring of ambient air quality/source emission will be carried out as per

details given in Chapter 6 or as stipulated by the MoEF&CC/ PPCB.

4.3.9 Noise Levels

During the construction phase of the proposed civil enclave, noise will be

generated from various sources. Some major sources of noise generation

during construction phase of the proposed civil enclave are listed below:

• Generation of noise during movement of vehicles carrying materials and

loading & unloading activities,

• Generation of noise from construction machines, pavers, concrete mixer,

compactor, rollers and other construction machines,

• Generation of noise from vehicle movement,

• Generation of noise during concreting, and pavement, etc,

• Noise from the mechanical operations at the site, and

• Generation of noise from DG sets at works site.

All the above-mentioned sources at the proposed construction activities will be

intermittent and would be experienced occasionally. It may also be noted that,

most of the construction activities will be carried out during the daytime only.

The expected noise levels from these activities are given hereunder in Table

4.3:



Table 4.3: Typical Noise Levels of Construction Equipment

Particulars Noise Levels dB(A)

Earth Movers

Front End Loaders 72-84

Tractors 76-96

Scrapers, Graders 80-93

Pavers 86-88

Trucks 82-94

Material Handlers

Concrete mixers 75-88

Concrete pumps 81-88

Stationary Equipment

Pumps 69-71

Generators 70-80

Resultant Noise Level

The combined effect of above sources can be determined as per the following

equation:

Lp(total) = 10 log (10(Lp1/10) + 10(Lp2/10) + 10(Lp3/10) + ……..….)

Where: Lp1, Lp2 and Lp3 are noise pressure level at a point due to different sources in dB

(A).

For an approximate estimation of dispersion of noise in the ambient air from

the source point, a standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation

is used. The sound pressure level generated by noise sources decreases with

increases distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional

decrease in sound pressure level from the source is expected due to

atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the transmission path. The

noise level generated from a source would decrease with increase in distance

from the source because of the wave divergence.

For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogenous loss of free

medium, noise levels at various locations can be calculated due to different

sources using model based on the first principles as per the following equation:



Lp2 = Lp1 – 20 log(r2) – 8

Where: Lp2 and Lp1 - Sound Pressure Level (SPLs) at points located at source

and at distances of r2 from the source respectively in dB (A).

The resultant maximum noise level for the above sources as calculated using

combined effect equation is 85 dB(A). Assuming no environmental attenuation

factors, noise modelling has been done, which shows noise level will mingle with

the baseline noise level within short distance. Noise modelling results for

construction phase have been given in Table 4.4 and shown in Figure 4.1:

Table 4.4: Noise Modelling Results

Area Permissible Limits (Day

Time)

Distance from

Source

Silence Zone 50 dB (A) 141.3 m

Residential 55 dB (A) 79.4 m

Commercial 65 dB (A) 25.1 m

Industrial 75 dB (A) 7.9 m

The noise produced during construction phase will have temporary impacts on

the existing ambient noise levels at the project site but restricted to small

distance (maximum upto 142 m) and only during daytime within the civil

enclave. Therefore, the impact of noise levels on surrounding area will be

insignificant during the construction phase.

Figure 4.1: Attenuation of Noise from Source during Construction

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0

Distance from Source (m)

Noi

se L

evel

s dB

(A)

Resultant Noise Level Background Noise Level



The general noise level due to construction activities, such as working of earth

moving equipment and machinery installation, may sometimes go up to 85

dB(A) at the work site during day time. The workers in general are likely to be

exposed to an equivalent noise level of 75-80 dB (A) in an eight (8) hour shift

for which all statutory precautions as per law will be implemented. Use of

proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) will further mitigate adverse

impacts of noise on the workers, if any. The impacts can be further minimized

and made insignificant by using standard practice of construction. The present

noise level, monitored in the study area, is well within the standards of noise

level. Hence, the impact on the noise level during construction phase is rated

as given in the table below:

Environmental Impact Rating Noise Level







Mitigation Measures

• Provision of rubber padding/ noise isolators to DG sets and construction

machines

• Preventive maintenance of the machine/ equipment will be carried out;

• Provision of silencers to modulate the noise generated by machines;

• Provision of protective devices like ear muff/ plugs to the workers; and

• Monitoring of ambient noise level/ source emission will be carried out as per

details given in Chapter 6 or as stipulated by the CPCB/ PPCB.

4.3.10 Terrestrial Ecology

During the proposed civil enclave, no trees will be felled as State Govt has

provided required land free from all encumbrances. Further, shrubs and ground

flora will also be cleared for construction of the proposed civil enclave.

Therefore, marginal impact is anticipated on terrestrial ecology during the

construction phase.



The overall impact on the terrestrial ecology due to construction activities is

rated as:

Environment Impact Rating Ecology





Severity of Impact Minor

Significance of Impact Significant

Mitigation Measures

• Landscaping from construction phase to strengthening flora in the area; and

• Indigenous species will be selected which will be suitable for local climacteric

conditions.

4.3.11 Occupational Safety and Health

During construction phase of the proposed civil enclave, the personnel working

at the site may be exposed to physical hazards, like, dust, noise, fugitive dust

emissions, welding fumes, working at height, handling of heavy loads, falling

objects underneath of temporary structures, working on unguarded moving

machine, hammering and cutting without PPEs, etc. These are most

occupational hazards at the proposed civil enclave construction site and may

have potential adverse impacts on the Occupational Safety and Health. Hence,

overall impact is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Occupational Safety & Health









Mitigation Measures

General Occupational Health and Safety Measures

• Provide effective dust suppression measures during earth work.

• Dust-proof masks will be provided to personnel working in areas with high

dust levels;

• Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for machinery will be used;

• Mandatory use of relevant Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) for all

workers. Workers will be provided with helmets, safety boots, eye and ear

protection and snug fitting gloves, safety belt, goggles, as appropriate;

• Sanitary facilities like toilets and bath rooms will be provided and workers

will be instructed use them;

• Housekeeping at the work site will be maintained well.

• Solid wastes generated at the site will be collected and disposed as per

standard practices.

• Motivational, warning and informatary signage and poster related

occupational health and safety will be displayed at strategic locations

• Do and Don’ts will be provided at critical equipment and for machineries .

• Pre-employment and periodic medical examinations will be conducted for all

personnel and specific surveillance programs will be initiated for personnel

potentially exposed to health hazards.

4.3.12 Socio-Economic Environment

The construction phase of the proposed civil enclave will have beneficial

impacts on social environment as private land acquisition is not involved directly

as State Government has transferred 40 Acres land to AAI for construction of

the proposed civil enclave.

During construction phase significant increase in income of local people is

expected as local unskilled, semiskilled and skilled persons will gain direct or

indirect employment during construction phase. Since the immigration of work

force during construction phase is likely to be very small, the social impacts on

demography, literacy, health care, transport facilities and cultural aspect are

expected to be insignificant.



Economic Impacts

The relatively short-lived economic impacts of the construction stage are likely

to be experienced in local area for the duration of construction phase as

workers make everyday purchases from local traders in nearby areas. This is

likely to give a short-lived stimulus to the shopkeepers/traders that will

disappear as soon as the construction is complete. Noticeable, flow-on

economic impacts will be experienced in other sectors of economy as a result

of purchase of construction materials and the payment of wages and salaries

to the personnel engaged in the construction of the proposed civil enclave.

Hence, impact on economic impacts is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Resettlement Issues

Nature of Impact Beneficial


Impacted Area Regional


Severity of Impact High

Significance of Impact Moderate

Employment

During the construction of the proposed civil enclave, 60 to 70 skilled and

semiskilled and unskilled workers will get direct employment opportunity for

about one year, which will have beneficial impact on the socio-economic

conditions of the area. Therefore, overall positive impacts are anticipated on

socio-economic environment during construction phase. Furthermore, local

skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labourers will get indirect employment also

during the construction phase. This may also result in a steep rise in wages of

workers in the surrounding villages. Several other opportunities for locals will

be available in terms of supply of construction materials & machinery, vehicles

and other essential commodities, petty contracts, etc. Hence, overall impact on

employment is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Employment







Severity of Impact Medium


Mitigation Measures

• Preference will be given to locals for direct and indirect employment

opportunity;

• Local suppliers for machineries and construction materials will be given

preference;

• Local transporters will be preferred for transportation of machinery/

earth/materials;

• To train unskilled local work, short term skill development course will be

organized in the area.

Influx of Construction Workers

Although the construction contractors are likely to use unskilled labour drawn

from local area, use of specialized road construction equipment will require

trained personnel not likely to be found locally. Sudden and relatively short-

lived influxes of construction skilled workers to communities near the proposed

civil enclave may have the potential to ‘skew’ certain demographic variables

and the traditional social coherence. Hence, overall impact due to influx of

construction workers is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Influx of Construction Workers







4.4 Operation Phase

During operation phase, the proposed civil enclave will comprise mainly

following activities:



• Operation of proposed terminal building

• Operation of taxiway and apron for parking of 2 (two) aircraft and taxiway

• Increase in passengers/visitors/staff movement at departure and arrival of

terminal building;

• Vehicle movement at proposed civil enclave for drop and pick up;

• Operation of DG sets;

• Operation of HVAC in proposed terminal building; etc

During the operation of the proposed civil enclave, the following sources of

pollution are anticipated:

• Exhaust emissions in the form of particulate matters, NO2, SO2 CO and

unburnt hydrocarbons will be emitted from aircrafts movement (take-off,

landing and taxing), vehicular movement, and operation of DG sets;

• Wastewater from domestic usages which include, dine outlets, washing

hands, toilets and urinals, etc;

• Energy consumption for HVAC and lightings in new construction buildings.

• Solid waste from aircrafts, passengers, visitors, staff, cargo handling,

sewage treatment plant (STP), waste lubricating oil from machinery/

equipment, etc;

• Accidental spillage of fuel oil, if any.

The anticipated environmental impacts of the proposed civil enclave and

corresponding mitigation measures for operation phase have been described in

the following sub-sections.

4.4.1 Topography and Physiography

During operation phase of the proposed civil enclave, no impact is anticipated

on the topography and physiography of the area. Hence, no mitigation measure

is required.

4.4.2 Water Resources

Total water requirement at the proposed civil enclave is estimated as 80 kld,

which will be met through bore wells to be drilled after obtaining permission

from the competent authority. Waste water generated from the proposed civil



enclave will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and reused for

greenery purposed.

The overall impact on water resources during operation phase is rated as

follows:

Environment Impact Rating Water Resources







Mitigation Measures

• Continuous efforts will be made to reduce water consumption using less

water required cisterns;

• Water efficient urinal and toilets will be provided in the proposed terminal

building.

• Efforts will be made to stop wastage and leakage of water;

• Sewage and domestic waste water will be treated in Sewage Treatment

Plant

• Treated waste water will be used for greenery & landscaping at the


4.4.3 Water Quality

Total estimated wastewater generation during the operation phase is 36 kld,

which will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of capacity 50 kld. After

treatment, treated wastewater is reused for flushing and horticulture purposes.

No wastewater will be discharged outside the proposed civil enclave premises.

The overall impact on water quality during operation phase is rated as follows:











Mitigation Measures

• Collection of waste water and treatment of waste water in Sewage

Treatment Plant (STP);

• Efficient operation of STP will be ensured.

• Avoid spillage of fuel and lube oil and storing them on concrete floor.

• Solid waste collection and disposal as per Solid Waste Management Rule

2016.

• Regular testing and analysis of treated waste water from STP to ensure

effectiveness of STP and compliance of discharge standards.

4.4.4 Soil

Approx. 130 kg per day solid wastes will be generated during operation of the

proposed civil enclave, which will be collected, segregated and managed by

external agency for disposal as per Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016.

Hence, the impact on the soil will be insignificant as an organized solid waste

collection and disposal practices will be followed at the proposed civil enclave.

The overall impact on soil quality during operation phase of the proposed civil

enclave is rated as follows:








Mitigation Measures

• Municipal solid waste collection bins will be placed at strategic locations in

the proposed terminal building;



• Agency will be hired for disposal of solid wastes as per the provisions of the

Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016;

• Solid waste generated from the proposed civil enclave is transported in close

containers;

• Used lubricating waste oil and oil contaminated clothes, etc is collected

separately in containers and is sold to authorized recyclers as per

CPCB/Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB) guidelines.

4.4.5 Ambient Air Quality

During the operational phase of the proposed civil enclave, the intermittent air

emissions will be generated from aircraft engines during approach, landing,

taxiing, take-off and initial climb, which is termed as reference Landing and

Take-off Cycle (LTO cycle). The air pollutants of concern from the aircrafts

emissions are un-burnt Sulphur Dioxide, Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxide

(CO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) as per ICAO guidelines.

For power back up at the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur, 2 DG sets of 150

KVA capacities each will be available, which will be sufficient during operation

of proposed terminal building and other associated facilities. Exhaust emissions

comprising NO2, SO2 and particulate matter in small quantity will be generated

from the operation of DG sets, which will be operated only to meet the power

requirement during grid power failure.

Vehicular emissions will also be generated at the proposed Civil Enclave at

Adampur from the operation of vehicular traffic as ground support vehicles,

passengers pickup and dropping vehicles. These vehicles are mainly diesel and

petrol driven and are source of mainly CO, HC and NO2 emissions.

For prediction of anticipated impact of emissions from the proposed Civil

Enclave at Adampur, estimation of emissions load from Aircraft LTO, DG sets

and vehicles is essential. The emissions load estimation from various emission

sources has been carried out in following subsection:

Aircraft Emissions

Airport Air Quality Manual 2011 of International Civil Aviation Organization

(ICAO) has been referred for the aircraft emissions, which states emissions for



various types of aircraft based on one LTO cycle for SO2, NO2, CO and HC

pollutants. The referred emission rates for one LTO have been converted to

g/sec based on the duration of one LTO cycle in seconds. As per International

Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), time and thrust setting for Reference LTO

Cycle is 32.9 minutes (1974 seconds). During peak hour, it is considered that

there will be total 2 LTO (2 LTO for each Aircraft) the proposed Civil Enclave at

Adampur, which includes all types of aircrafts. For aircraft emissions estimation

purpose, LTO cycle emissions from A 320 types of aircrafts have been

considered.

The estimated aircraft emissions for the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur are

given in Table 4.5.

Table 4.5: Estimated Aircraft Emissions for Civil Enclave at Adampur

Parameter Units Type of Aircraft and Emissions

Type of Aircraft - A 320 ATR 72

Emissions per LTO Cycle

SO2 Kg/LTO cycle 0.77 0.2

HC Kg/LTO cycle 0.57 0.29

CO Kg/LTO cycle 6.19 2.33

NOX Kg/LTO cycle 9.01 1.82

Total Emissions

SO2 g/s 0.39 0.10

HC g/s 0.29 0.15

CO g/s 3.14 1.18

NOX g/s 4.56 0.92

Assuming that during peak hour, there will be LTO (1 each type of aircraft).

The total emissions based on 1 LTO are calculated for above two types of

aircraft.

SO2 g/s 0.39 0.10

HC g/s 0.29 0.15

CO g/s 3.14 1.18

NOX g/s 4.56 0.92

Total Emissions

SO2 g/s 0.49

HC g/s 0.44

CO g/s 4.32



Parameter Units Type of Aircraft and Emissions

Type of Aircraft - A 320 ATR 72

NOX g/s 5.49 (Source : Airport Air Quality Manual 2011, ICAO)

Emissions from the Operation of DG Sets

Two DG sets of 150 kVA capacity each will be installed at the proposed Civil

Enclave to meet the power requirement during grid power failure. Approx 36

litres/per hour HSD will be consumed by one DG set.

The exhaust emissions comprising mainly NO2 and SO2 will be generated from

the operation of DG sets to be operated in the event of grid power supply

failure. Intermittently particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO) and un-

burnt hydrocarbons will be emitted during operation of DG sets. Exhaust

emissions from DG sets will be intermittent source of emissions as DG sets will

be operated only during grid power failure. Stack height of each DG set will be

as per the CPCB standard.

The estimated exhaust emissions characteristics from the 150 kVA DG set are

presented in Table 4.6.

Table 4.6: Emissions from DG Set Stack

Sn. Parameters DG Set Stack (150 kVA)

1. Stack Height Above Building (m) 10

2. Stack Dia. (m) 0.15

3. Flue Gas

• Temperature (oC) 298

• Velocity (m/s) 12.6

• Volume Flow Rate (Nm3/h) 410

4. Concentration of Pollutants

• SPM (mg/ Nm3) 45.3

• SO2 (mg/ Nm3) 314.6

• NOx (mg /Nm3) 252.2



Emissions from Vehicular Movement

Vehicular emissions will also be generated from the operation of ground support

vehicles within proposed civil enclave and vehicular traffic for pickup and

dropping of passengers the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur. These vehicles

will be mainly diesel and petrol driven and emit mainly CO, HC and NO2. The

peak hourly vehicular movement 120 vehicles (including the ground service

vehicles, two wheelers, buses and light duty vehicles mainly cars and light

carriage vehicles) is expected. The emissions from the diesel and petrol driven

vehicles have been calculated based on the CPCB emissions standards for

Bharat Stage –III/IV. The estimated vehicular emissions at the proposed Civil

Enclave at Adampur are given in Table 4.7.

Table 4.7: Estimated Vehicular Emission At the Proposed Civil Enclave

Emission Rate of Pollutants (g/s)

CO HC NO2 PM

0.18 0.13 0.42 0.01

Total emissions from aircrafts, DG sets and vehicles movement the proposed

Civil Enclave at Adampur are given in Table 4.8.

Table 4.8 : Total Emission Sources and Emission Rates

Sources Emission Rate of Pollutants (g/s)

SO2 NO2 CO HC

Aircraft 0.49 5.49 4.32 0.44

DG set 0.021 0.023 -- --

Vehicular -- 0.42 0.18 0.13

Total 0.511 5.933 4.5 0.57

Note: All above emissions sources are not continuous sources.

4.4.5.1Air Pollution Modelling

There will not be any continuous emissions source at the proposed Civil Enclave

at Adampur. Air Flights and vehicular movement will remain intermittent at the

proposed civil enclave. DG sets will be also operated intermittently in the event

of grid power failure. For air pollution dispersion modelling DG sets have been

considered continuous source of emissions. For obtaining short-term

incremental ground level concentration (glc) isopleths, Breeze Air Suite

dispersion model based on Industrial Source Complex Model (ISC-ST3)



developed by USEPA was used. The ISC-ST3 model for emission sources uses

the steady state Gaussian plume equation for single/multiple continuous

elevated sources. Calculations are made at user specified regular

rectangular/radial grid points or at specified special receptors for any averaging

time period as well as for entire period of input meteorology. The model uses

Pasquill-Gafford (for rural and urban areas) or Briggs for urban area dispersion

parameter correlations and Briggs plume rise correlation for calculating short-

or long-time incremental glc values at each grid point and these are then used

for plotting the isopleths over the entire grid. Rectangular grid with 500 m grid

point distance is used up to a distance of +5,000 m in X and Y directions with

stack coordinate as (O, O). For aircrafts and vehicular emissions, multiple

volume sources are considered while for DG set stack point model source is

considered.

4.4.5.2 Source Characteristics

The estimated emission details for DG sets are given in Table 4.8.

4.4.5.3 Atmospheric Stability

The persistence of atmospheric stability class has been estimated using hourly

monitored wind velocity data along with compiled data for sunrise, sunset, solar

insolation for day-time and cloud cover for night-time for the site.

4.4.5.4 Mixing Height

The knowledge of the site-specific mixing height (convective stable boundary

layer and inversion height or nocturnal boundary layer) is crucial in a realistic

adoption of appropriate plume rise and vertical dispersion parameters. In the

absence of site specific mixing heights, “Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative

Capacity of Atmospheric in India” published by Environmental Monitoring and

Research Centre, India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, 2008, has been

referred for hourly mixing heights.

4.4.5.5Presentation of Results

For the short-term simulations for point emission sources, the concentrations

were estimated on around 400 receptors to obtain an optimum description of



variations in concentrations over the site in 10 km radius covering 16 directions.

The incremental concentrations are estimated for the study period representing

winter season. The results ground level concentrations for SO2, NO2 and

Particulate Matter (PM) are presented in Table 4.9.

Table 4.9: Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations

Pollutant Maximum Incremental

Levels, (µg/m3)

Distance

(km)

Direction

SO2 2.1 (-500, -500) 0.707 SW

NOx 1.6 (-500, -500) 0.707 SW

PM 0.5 (-500, -500) 0.707 SW

Predicted Concentrations

GLCs values presented in Table 4.9 reveals that the assuming that both DG sets

will be operated continuously, maximum incremental short term 24 hourly ground

level concentrations of SO2, NO2 and PM likely to be encountered are 2.1 µg/m3,

1.6 µg/m3 and 0.5 µg/m3, respectively during study period. The ground level

concentrations will be encountered at a distance of 0.707 km in SW direction

from the proposed Civil Enclave Adampur. Isopleths for predicted ground level

concentrations for SO2, NO2 and PM are given in Figure 4.2 to 4.4, respectively.

The air pollution dispersion modelling predictions indicate that the maximum

ground level concentrations for SO2 and NO2 are likely to be well within the

prescribed limit of 80 µg/m3 for industrial, residential, rural and other area.

However, it is important to mention that flights, vehicles and DG sets will not be

operated continuously. DG sets will be operated only during grid power failure.

Therefore, anticipated impacts will be much below to the predicted ground level

constructions.

Resultant Concentrations

The maximum incremental GLCs due to the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

for SO2, NO2 and particulate matter (PM) when added to baseline air quality

monitoring results carried during study period, resultant concentrations for

monitored parameters remains below the stipulated National Ambient Air Quality

Standard. Based on the predicted concentrations of various pollutants due to

operation of proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur, it can be inferred that low



impact is anticipated on the ambient air quality of the area, suitable mitigation

measures are taken.

Hence, overall impact on ambient air quality during operation phase is

summarized as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Air Quality







Mitigation Measures

• Compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of

aircrafts by preventive maintenance and monitoring;

• Stack heights of DG sets will be 10 m from ground level;

• Proper traffic management plan will be prepared to ensue that there is no

traffic congestion at in front of proposed terminal building. It will help in

reduction of vehicular emissions from the proposed civil enclave.

• Ground vehicles at the civil enclave will be maintained and have a “Pollution

Under Control” certificate;

• Development of greenery and landscaping at the proposed civil enclave for

improving ambient air quality.

• Monitoring of ambient air quality/ source emissions will be carried out as

per monitoring plan.



Figure 4.2: Predicted Level Concentrations for SO2



Figure 4.2: Predicted Level Concentrations for NOx



Figure 4.3: Predicted Level Concentrations for PM



4.4.6 Noise Levels

During operation phase of the proposed civil enclave, landing, take-off and

taxing of various types of aircrafts and apron will be major sources of noise

emissions. However, landing and takeoff will be on existing runway of Indian

Airforce. In the civil enclave aircraft emissions will be only through taxing. The

effects of aircraft noise to receptors at the point of interest on the ground

fundamentally depend on the following factors:

• Effective Perceived Noise Level (EPNL) at the point of interest on the ground

during every aircraft movement;

• Type of aircrafts;

• Flight paths of aircraft during take-off and landing; and

• Number of LTO during the given period of time.

Local topography and weather also affect sound propagation generated during

take-off and landing of aircrafts.

Noise Levels for Various Aircraft

The Effective Perceived Noise Level from various aircraft are given below:

Sn Type of Aircraft Arrival EPNdB Departure

EPNdB

1. ATR 72 103.2 99.5

2. A 320 98.6 95.3

To predict the impact on the existing noise levels in the study area due to the

operation of proposed Civil Enclave, Integrated Noise Model (INM) developed

by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Office of Environment and Energy,

USA has been used. This model has inbuilt information on the various types

aircrafts.

Aircraft noise modelling through integrated noise model (INM) uses (1)

computation of the flight-segment geometric and physical parameters; (2)

flight-segment noise-level interpolation process; (3) atmospheric absorption

adjustment; (4) acoustic impedance adjustment; (5) flight-segment noise-

fraction adjustment for exposure-based metrics; (6) aircraft speed adjustment



for exposure-based metrics; (7) updated lateral attenuation adjustment; (8)

ground-based directivity adjustment for observers behind start-of-takeoff-roll,

as well as for computing metrics associated with run-up operations; (9) new

helicopter noise modelling capabilities and associated adjustments (including

advancing tip mach number, lateral directivity, static directivity and static

duration adjustments); (10) metric computation process; and (11)

development of a recursively-subdivided irregular grid methodology, which is

used for computing noise contours.

Aircraft Noise Modelling Results

The predicted noise levels and influenced area due to aircrafts movement at

the proposed Civil Enclave are given in Table 4.10.

Table 4.10: Noise Levels And Area of Influence

Sr.

No.

Noise

Levels

Area of

Influence

(km2)

Remark

1. 80.0 0.02 Predicted noise levels confined within the

boundary of the proposed Civil Enclave

2. 75.0 0.11 Predicted noise levels confined within boundary

of proposed Civil Enclave

3. 65.0 0.74 The predicted noise levels fall within boundary

of proposed Civil Enclave

4. 55.0 1.34 About 1.1 km2 of area with these noise level is

out side the boundary of proposed Civil Enclave

5. 50.0 1.97 About 1.7 km2 of area with these noise level is

out side the boundary of proposed Civil Enclave

The noise levels from 65-85 dB(A) will be confined within the boundary of the

proposed Civil Enclave. The noise levels of 55 dB(A) cross the boundary and

affect 1.1 km2 of area out-side boundary of Civil Enclave. The noise levels of

50 dB(A) cross the boundary and affect 1.7 km2 of area out-side the boundary

of Civil Enclave. The background noise levels range from 38.1-61.3 dB(A) at

nearby villages/settlements which are located 0.6 km to 6.1 km from boundary

of the proposed Civil Enclave. The impact of noise levels due to the operation

of the proposed Civil Enclave within permissible levels. Further, noise mitigation



measures to be implemented at and around the proposed Civil Enclave will

further reduce the noise levels in nearby settlements.

DG Sets

For power back up 2 DG sets of 150 kVA capacities each will be available at

proposed civil enclave to meet the power requirement in the event of grid

power failure. DG Sets will be provided with acoustic enclosures as per CPCB

guidelines. Therefore, noise level will be essentially within 75 dB(A), as per

prescribed noise standards.

It is evident from the above discussions that generation of noise level from

aircraft landing and take-off operation will be for a short duration (few seconds)

with in the premises of Airforce Base. Hence, the overall impact on noise levels

is rated as follows:

Impact Rating Noise Level







Mitigation Measures

• The compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of

aircrafts by preventive maintenance and monitoring,

• Proper traffic management has been prepared to ensure that there is no

traffic congestion at the proposed civil enclave. It helps in reduction of

vehicular noise emissions from the proposed civil enclave,

• DG sets have been provided with acoustic enclosure as per CPCB guidelines,

• Terminal building will be sound proof,

• Ground staff will wear earplug while attending the aircraft,

• Green belt, landscaping and boundary at the proposed civil enclave act as

barrier for noise;


monitoring plan and Airport Noise Standards stipulated by Ministry of



Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India’s

Notification No G.S.R. 588 (E) Dated 18.06.2018 will be complied.

4.4.7 Traffic Management and Parking Facilities

The proposed civil enclave will be located 1.2 km from link road between

Jalandhar-Hoshiarpur Section on NH 70 and Phagwara-Hoshiarpur road. State

Govt will construct approach road from proposed civil enclave to Adampur link

road. At the proposed civil enclave traffic management will be provided in such

a way no traffic congestion during passenger drop and pick up. At the civil

enclave parking facilities will be provided for 150 cars.

At the arrival and departure, there will be proper traffic management. After

construction of the proposed civil enclave, there is no possibility of traffic

congestion, as proper traffic management has been designed. Hence, overall

impact on traffic management during operation phase after construction of

proposed civil enclave is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Traffic Management




Likelihood of Occurrence Moderate



Mitigation Measures

• All vehicles will be parked in designated parking area only;

• Road crossings will be well marked and signalled.

• Informatory and warning signages will be retro reflective type provided,

clearly visible in the night.

• Marshals will be deployed to guide the vehicles and stop vehicles to avoid

traffic jam at arrival and departure of the proposed civil enclave.



4.4.8 Terrestrial Ecology

For proposed civil enclave, no trees will be felled as State Govt. has provided

required land free from all encumbrances. It is proposed that landscaping and

green belt will be developed on 82673 sqm (51.1% of total area) at the


There, reversible moderate impact is anticipated for terrestrial ecology due to

the proposed civil enclave.

Greenery and landscaping will be developed at the proposed civil enclave. For

irrigation of green belt, treated waste water from STP will be available and

used. This has positive and long term beneficial impact on terrestrial ecology

of the area. Hence, overall impact on terrestrial ecology during operation phase

is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Terrestrial Ecology







Mitigation Measures

• Landscaping/ plantation/greenery will be increased after new terminal

building.

• Indigenous species of trees will be planted after new terminal building

4.4.9 Heritage Structures

There is no heritage, historical or archaeological structure in the area around

the proposed civil enclave. Therefore, no impact is anticipated due to

construction of proposed civil enclave at Adampur. Hence, no mitigation

measure is required.



4.4.10 Occupational Hazards and Safety

The most significant occupational hazards from operation of the proposed civil

enclave may include; collisions with moving ground service vehicles, or taxing

aircraft, high noise levels near aircraft, jet engine hazards, sucking of person in

to aircraft jet engine, fire in terminal building, etc. The overall impact on

occupational hazards and safety during the operation phase is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Occupational Hazard & Safety







Mitigation Measures

• Operators and workers will be certified with access to airfield operations.

Workers involved in the operation of aircraft support equipment will be

familiar with safety procedures applicable to apron and taxiway traffic,

including communications with the air control tower;

• Operators will be provided safety signs and pavement markings for ground

support vehicle circulation and parking areas in ramps, taxiways and any

other areas with a risk of collision between ground vehicles and aircraft.

Delineated safety areas include high risk locations, such as jet engine

suction areas to protect aircraft service workers;

• All workers involved in luggage and cargo handling, whether as a regular or

incidental aspect of their work function, will trained in the use of proper

lifting, bending and turning techniques to avoid back injury or extremities.

Particular attention is placed on the handling of luggage and cargo in aircraft

holds which often do not have adequate standing height (requiring special

lifting or pushing techniques) and which may present tripping and slipping

hazards;

• Workers will be provided with appropriate Personal Protective Equipments

(PPEs), such as knee pads, when accessing cargo holds;

• Safety features of ground support vehicles will be maintained, including

back-up alarms, moving part guards and emergency stop switches



• The frequency and duration of worker assignments to heavy lifting activities

will be mitigated through rotations and rest periods;

• Operators will have facility for mechanizing luggage handling activities, such

as the use of conveyors that extend into the cargo holds; and

• Operators will be trained on the prevention of heat stress, including the

identification of early symptoms and management techniques (e.g.

hydration, rest). Workers will be provided with the necessary clothing and

fluids to prevent weather related stress.

• Firefighting facilities will be provided in the proposed terminal building.

General Safety Measures

• Shield guards or guard railings will be installed at all belts, pulleys, gears

and other moving parts;

• Conveyors and similar machinery will be provided with a means for stopping

them at any point;

• Elevated platforms & walkways, and stairways & ramps will be equipped

with handrails, toe-boards and non-slip surfaces;

• Electrical equipment will be grounded, well insulated and conform to

applicable codes;

• Employees will be provided with hard hats, safety boots, eye and ear

protection and snug fitting gloves, as appropriate;

• Procedures will be strictly enforced for the storage, handling and transport

of explosives, flammable and hazardous materials.

General Health Measures

• Necessary control measures like ear muff and ear plug, high visible vest

with refractive tape will be provided to ground staffs at the proposed Civil

Enclave.

• Personnel required to work in areas of high temperature and/or high

humidity will be allowed to take frequent breaks away from these areas;

and

• Pre-employment and periodic audiometric medical examinations will be

conducted for personnel potentially exposed to high noise areas.



4.4.11 Impacts to Socio-Economic Environment

Operation phase of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur will open additional

direct and indirect job opportunities in the area and region. Further, it will

attract more and more tourist, commercial and developmental activities in the

area. Therefore, positive impacts are anticipated on socio-economic

environment during operation phase of the proposed civil enclave.

Employment and Economic Growth

The proposed civil enclave will result in a boost in trade, tourism and

commercial activities in the region. This will improve direct and indirect

employment opportunities, revenue generation, commercial and industrial

activities; therefore, resulting in positive impact on the employment and

economic growth of the region. Hence, overall impact during operation phase

is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Employment & Economic

Growth



Impacted Area Regional



Significance of Impact Moderate

EIA for Development of New Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Analysis of Alternative


CHAPTER-5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 Introduction

The consideration of alternatives of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur is one

of the more proactive sides of environmental assessment - enhancing the project

design through examining options instead of only focusing on the more defensive

task of reducing adverse impacts of a single design. This calls for the systematic

comparison of feasible alternatives for the proposed civil enclave at Adampur,

technology and operational alternatives. Feasible alternatives are compared in

terms of their potential environmental impacts, capital and recurrent costs,

suitability under local conditions and institutional, training and monitoring

requirements.

Examining feasible alternative means of carrying out a task involves answering the

following three questions:

(i) What are the alternatives?

(ii) What are the environmental impacts associated with each alternative? and

(iii) What is the rationale for selecting the preferred alternative?

5.2 Alternative of Project Site

The Airforce base at Adampur is not open to civilians except some high

government officials flights on government work. Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur,

Kapurthala etc having more the 10 Lakhs population, is not connected by air for

civil air passengers. Therefore, there is urgent need for the proposed civil enclave,

out-side the Airforce Base at Adampur for easy operation of flights for air

passengers to promote tourism, trade and commerce in the area. The site covering

40 Acres area for the proposed civil enclave at Adampur has been selected

adjacent to Airforce Base. The 40 Acres encumbrance free land has been handed

over by the State Govt of Punjab to AAI for the construction of the proposed civil

enclave.



5.3 Alternative for Proposed Terminal Building

At the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, construction of centrally air-conditional

proposed terminal building of modular design with all modern facilities and

amenities is proposed as per the layout plan. The terminal building covering an

area of 5000 sqm will be designed for 150 arriving and 150 departing passengers

at a time with recommended area specifications and to match the level of Service

as per International Airport Transport Association’s (IATA) recommendations. The

building will be provided with aesthetically appealing & soothing interior decoration

matching the modern structure.

5.4 Alternative for Energy Conservation Measures

During design and construction of the proposed terminal building at the proposed

civil enclave at Adampur necessary measures will be taken for conservation of

energy in line with “Energy Conservation Building Code–2017” and “National

Building Code 2016”. The important energy conservation measures planned for

proposed terminal building are described below:

• Proposed Terminal building will be designed and constructed for GRIHA Rating

4 star,

• Use of Energy Efficient building material & glass,

• Use of LED lamps instead of GLS lamps,

• Use of Solar Backed up Light Emitting Diode Lamps instead of par lamps,

• Energy efficient HVAC system,

• Solar passive techniques for terminal building,

• Use of 5 star BEE energy efficiency rating electrical equipments,

• Microprocessor-based Building Management System (BMS) will be installed for

minimization of energy consumption,

• Automatic lighting on/ off control system will be provided in the airport area

for optimum utilization of energy.

It is proposed that 100 KW solar power generation plant will be established at the

proposed civil enclave to produce clean energy.



By adopting above measures about 30% energy will be saved the proposed civil

enclave.

5.5 Alternative for Green Building

It is proposed that all works necessarily will achieve 4 stars GRIHA Rating. GRIHA

is an acronym for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment. GRIHA is a

rating tool that helps to assess the performance of their building against certain

nationally acceptable benchmarks. It evaluates the environmental performance of

a building holistically over its entire life cycle, thereby providing a definitive

standard for what constitutes a ‘green building’. The rating system, based on

accepted energy and environmental principles, will seek to strike a balance

between the established practices and emerging concepts, both national and

international.

5.6 Sanitary Fixtures And Toilet Accessories

All water closets will be wall hung with concealed dual flushing cistern and in

lodders and staff toilets WC will be provided with dual flushing cistern. Under

counter/ circular above counter wash basins with battery operated auto sensor

pillar taps will be provided.

• Flat back wash basins with CP brass self-closing pillar tap will be provided in

lodders and staff toilets.

• Semi stall urinal with battery operating auto sensor flush valves.

• Frosted Glass urinal portion with metal clips.

• CP adjustable shower with Diverter and spout in rest room's and VIP toilet.

• Vitreous china recess toilet paper holder.

• Automatic soap dispenser on wash basins (Stainless steel).

• Automatic air purifier (Stainless steel).

• Toilet tissue paper holder (Stainless steel).

• Automatic electrically operated hand drier (Stainless steel).

EIA for Development of New Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Environmental Monitoring Plan


CHAPTER 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

6.1 Statutory Compliance /Returns

The Airports Authority of India will submit required statutory

returns/compliance reports for the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur as per

the following schedule:

• Submission of half yearly compliance report in respect of the stipulated prior

environmental clearance’s terms and conditions in hard and soft copies to

the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

(MoEF&CC) on 1st June and 1st December of each calendar year

• Submission of environmental statement for the financial year ending 31st

March to the concerned regulatory authority on or before 30th September

every year.

• Submission of Water Cess returns in Form 1 as per Rule 4 (1) of The Water

(Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Rules 1978 on or before the 5th of

every calendar month.

6.2 Environmental Monitoring

It is essential that an effective Environmental Monitoring Plan be designed and

followed to ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and

environmental management plan during construction and operation phases of

the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur. Suitable mitigation measures will be

taken in case monitored parameters are exceeding the stipulated limits. As part

of post project monitoring, Airports Authority of India will collect and monitor

following data regularly:

• Compilation of emission inventory to quantify airport sources and the

contribution to baseline emissions

• Compilation of the emission inventory for aircraft sources will be

undertaken.

• Continuous noise level monitoring by online integrated noise meters within

civil enclave premises. This noise meter will be connected to central

monitoring station where all the data is stored and processed.



6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring

Ambient air quality parameters recommended for construction and operation

of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur are PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2 and CO.

These are to be monitored at designated locations starting from the

commencement of construction activities. Ambient air quality monitoring data

will be generated twice in a week once in a season during construction phase

and operation phase at all identified locations in accordance to the National

Ambient Air Quantity Standards.

6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring

The parameters relevant for analysis of quality of treated waste water from STP

are pH, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, BOD, COD, oil & grease,

etc. The sampling and analysis of ground water quality will be carried out in

accordance with the Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification - IS

10500:2012.

6.2.3 Noise Levels Monitoring

The measurements of noise levels would be carried out at the boundaries of

the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur in accordance to the Ambient Noise

Standards formulated by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

(MoEF&CC). Noise level would be monitored on twenty-four hourly basis. Noise

will be recorded at “A” weighted frequency using a slow time response mode

of the measuring instrument.

Monitoring Protocol And Measurement Procedures For Airport Noise

Zone

Monitoring Protocol And Measurement Procedures to comply Ministry of

Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India’s Notification

No G.S.R. 588 (E) Dated 18.06.2018 for Airport Noise Standards are given

below:



1. Objective

The objective of this document is to specify suitable requirements and

procedure for carrying out monitoring of ambient noise level around due to

aircraft. A proper database is essential for planning and executing suitable noise

control programme for airports in the country.

This protocol is applicable to all civil airports which operate for passenger and

cargo operation.

The central pollution control board has developed guidelines on requirement

and procedure for monitoring ambient noise level due to aircraft in June 2008.

As per noise mapping studies, the guidelines on requirement and procedure for

monitoring ambient noise level due to aircraft needs to be modified considering

international practices and upcoming airport noise standards. The guidelines on

requirement and procedure for monitoring aircraft noise (protocol) for existing

and upcoming airport noise zone is given in the noise index.

2. Noise Index

• It is proposed that day and night average sound levels(leq) shall be used to

be know the sound exposure on residents/zones due to aircrafts and for

land use planning and control around airports by development authorities.

• The measurement of aircraft noise will be according to airport noise

standard, the unit will be in dB(A) in Leq for day and night periods. The

measurements of units are as per the timing given below

• Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.

• Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

• dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in

decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing.

• “Decibel” is a unit in which noise is measured.

• “A”, in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of

noise and corresponds to frequency response characteristics of human ear.

• Leq: It is energy mean of the noise level, over a specified period.

• All civil airports have to follow the civil aviation requirements specified for

the airports for noise mapping, monitoring and action plans and

amendments thereof.



3. Event Detection

• different event detection techniques can be used depending on the

situations, as given below:

• Event may be considered to start and end 10 dB below the A- weighted

maximum sound pressure level of an aircraft operation.

• Event may be considered above a threshold value, which may be kept 5dB

above the background sound level.

• Events of less than 10 seconds duration shall not be recorded as these may

be from sources other than aircraft movements. experience shall also be

used to differentiate and exclude noise from sources other aircraft

operations.

4. Site Selection

• The site shall be so selected to minimize disturbances from other sources

for proper event detection.

• The minimum A-weighted maximum sound pressure level from aircraft

movements shall be at least 15 dB above the background noise level.

5. Type Of Monitoring Stations

• Monitoring stations should be permanent for all runaway approaches. For

mobile monitoring it can be either mobile vans mounted or portable noise

monitoring terminal can be used as temporary stations.

6. Number and Locations of Monitoring Stations

• At least two permanent stations shall be installed per runaway.

• The permanent monitoring stations shall be located on both sides of the

runaway, at the neatest residential area/silence zone and as far as possible

under the flight paths of the aircrafts.

• In addition, temporary stations shall be used for specific noise monitoring

activity under the flight paths, where noise levels are expected to be higher.

7. Instrumentation

• The instrument system, shall meet the requirement for a class 1 instrument

specified in IEC 61672-1(2002) Class 1.



• Noise monitoring station shall consist of a weatherproof microphone, a data

storage and analysis device and information transmission system such as a

land line phone / GSM (global system for mobile communications).

8. Installation Of Sound Level Meter

• Sound level meter shall be installed in flat terrain having no excessive sound

absorption characteristics such as thick, matted or tall grasses, shrubs, or

wooded areas.

• No obstructions significantly influencing the sound field from the aircraft

shall exist within a conical space above the point on the ground vertically

below the microphone.

• The cone is defined by an axis normal to the ground and by half angle of

80 degrees from this axis. The microphone height shall be at least 4 m,

preferably 10 m, above the ground level.

9. Meteorological Measurement

• Meteorological parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, relative

humidity, air temperature and occurrence of rain shall be recorded.

10. Noise Monitoring

• Noise monitoring shall be carried out continuously for 24 hours a day, 365

days a yr in permanent stations.

• In temporary stations, noise shall be monitored continuously for minimum

7, as per requirements.

11. Parameters To Be Monitored

• One second sound level (Leq i) shall be recorded for 16 hrs day time (6.00

AM to 10.00 PM) and for 8 hrs night time (10.00PM to 6.00 AM) shall be

monitored.

12. Data Reporting

• The noise monitoring data shall be regularly compiled, documented and

published by the Authorities designated by the Ministry of Civil Aviation.



6.2.4 Soil

During construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave at

Adampur, soil may be contaminated if suitable mitigation measures are not

taken. Therefore, composite sample of soil will be collected and analyzed during

construction and operation phases.

Environmental monitoring plan for various environmental parameters is given

in Table 6.1:



Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan for the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

Environmental Component

Project stage Parameter Standards Locations Duration/ Frequency

Air Construction Phase

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO

National Ambient Quality Standards

At proposed Civil Enclave, Adampur Damunda and Kondola

Continuous 24-hourly, once in season

Operation Phase PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO

National Ambient Quality Standards

At proposed Civil Enclave, Adampur Damunda and Kondola

Continuous 24-hourly, once in season

Water Quality Construction Stage

Parameters as per IS 10500:2012

As per potable water quality standards (IS 10500)

One sample at the Proposed Civil Enclave

Once in six months during the construction phase

Operation Phase Parameters as per IS 10500:2012

As per potable water quality standards (IS 10500)

Proposed Civil Enclave

Once in six months during the operation phase

Treated Waste Water from STP

Operation Phase pH, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD, Oil & Grease

As per prescribed standards

One sample of treated waste water at outlet of STP

Once in month

Noise Construction Phase

Day and Night Time Noise Level in dB (A)

As per National Noise standards

4 locations on the boundary of proposed Civil Enclave

Once in season during the construction phase



Environmental Component

Project stage Parameter Standards Locations Duration/ Frequency

Operation Phase Day and Night Time Noise Level in dB (A)

As per National Noise standards

Terminal building arrival and departure, Boundary of the proposed Civil Enclave

Once in season during the operation phase

Soil Construction Composite sample

from the site for

Physio-chemical

parameters

As per EMP At proposed Civil Enclave

Pre and Post

Monsoon for 3

years

Operation Composite sample

from the site for

Physio-chemical

parameters

As per EMP At proposed Civil Enclave

Pre and Post

Monsoon for 5

years



6.3 Environmental Reporting System

Monitoring and evaluation are critical activities in implementation of

environmental management measures. The reporting system will operate

linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest rung of the implementation

system reporting to the Airports Authority of India. All reporting by the

contractor will be on a monthly basis.

The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental

components may be clubbed together and submitted to the Airports

Authority of India monthly during the implementation period. The operation

stage monitoring reports may be half yearly and annually provided the

project Environmental Completion Report shows that the implementation

was satisfactory.

Responsibilities for overseeing will rest with the Airports Authority of India.

Capacity to quantitatively monitor relevant environmental/ecological

parameters would be an advantage but monitoring will primarily involve

ensuring that actions taken are in accordance with contract and

specification clauses, and specified mitigation measures as per the

Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

During the implementation period, a compliance report may include

description of the items of EMP. It would also report to the management

about actions taken to enforce compliance. It may however, be noted that

certain items of the EMP might not be possibly complied with for a variety

of reasons. The intention of the compliance report is not to suppress these

issues but to bring out the circumstances and reasons for which compliance

was not possible. This would help in reinforcing the implementation of the

EMP.

The photographic records will also be established to provide useful

environmental monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal

contract monitoring. Reporting and Monitoring Systems for various stages

of construction and related activities have been proposed to ensure timely

and effective implementation of the EMP.



The reporting system has been prepared for the following phases of the

proposed Civil Enclave, viz:

• Pre-construction stage

• Construction Stage, and

• Operation Stage

6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost

The budget for environmental monitoring for construction and operation

phases of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur has been estimated and

presented in Table 6.3. The construction phase monitoring period for the

civil enclave has been considered for 1 years while for operation phase

monitoring period has been taken for 5 years.



Table 6.2 - Cost of Environmental Monitoring for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

Component Stage Item Unit Unit Cost Quantity Total Cost

(Rs)

Air

Construction Ambient Air Quality

monitoring at construction

site in tandem with

construction activities at 3

sides boundary of the

proposed Civil Enclave

Continuous 24-

hourly, twice a

week once in every

season during

Construction Phase

Rs 5,000/-

per

sample

9 45000

Operation Six monthly monitoring of DG

sets emissions

One sample every

six month for 5

years

4,000/-

per

sample

10 40000

Ambient air quality

monitoring during operation

phase at 4 locations

Continuous 24-

hourly, twice a

week once in

season for 5 years

5,000/-

per

sample

60 300000

Water

Construction Ground water at the site for

construction period

Pre and Post

Monsoon

Rs 6,000/-

per

sample

2 12000

Operation

Ground Water at Site for 5

years of operation phase

Pre and Post

Monsoon

Rs 6,000/-

per

sample

10 60000

Treated waste water from

outlet Sewage Treatment

Plant (STP) for 5 years of

operation phase

Every 6 Months

Rs 3000/-

per

sample

10

30000



Component Stage Item Unit Unit Cost Quantity Total Cost

(Rs)

Noise

Construction

At equipment yard No. of Samples 3,000/-

per

sample

As and

when

necessary

60000

Ambient noise levels

monitoring at construction

site in tandem with

construction activities at 4

sides boundary of the

proposed Civil Enclave

One day hourly

measurement, once

in 6 months for 5

years

3,000/- 60 180000

Operation Terminal building arrival and

departure, take off and

landing side of boundary

One day hourly

measurement, once

in 6 months for 5

years

3,000/-

per

sample

40 120000

Soil Construction Composite sample from the

site for Physio-chemical

parameters

Pre and Post

Monsoon

Rs 5,000/-

per

sample

4 20000

Operation Composite sample from the

site for Physio-chemical

parameters

Pre and Post

Monsoon for 5

years

Rs 5,000/-

per

sample

10 50000

Total 917000

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan


CHAPTER – 7

RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Introduction

Hazard Analysis involves the identification and quantification of various probable

hazards (unsafe conditions) that may occur at the proposed civil enclave at

Adampur. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the identification and

quantification of risks, the equipment/facilities and personnel exposed, due to

accidents resulting from the hazards present at the proposed civil enclave at

Adampur.

Hazard occurrence the proposed civil enclave at Adampur may result in on-site

implications, like:

• Storage of HSD for DG sets operation;

• Leakage of flammable materials, like, HSD followed by fire;

• Bomb threat at terminal building, and aircraft; and

• Natural calamities like, earthquake, high winds, etc.

Other incidents, which can also result in a disaster at the proposed civil enclave

at Adampur, are:

• Agitation/forced entry by external group of people;

• Sabotage;

• Air raids; and

• Crashing of aircrafts i.e. while landing or take-off.

Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard identification and analysis. It involves

the identification and assessment of risks to the people exposed to hazards

present. This requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible

accident scenario, vulnerability of populations, etc. For emergency response

planning, risk analysis is carried out for worst case scenarios.

7.2 Approach for the Risk Analysis

Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of various type accidents



consisting of an event or sequence of events. The risk analysis assessment study

covers the following:

• Identification of potential hazard areas;

• Identification of representative failure cases;

• Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire and explosion;

• Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and

the impact zones from the accidental scenarios;

• Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster

mitigation points of view;

• Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident

possibilities; and

• Preparation of disaster management plan (DMP), on-site and off-site

emergency response plan.

7.3 Hazard Identification

7.3.1 Introduction

Preliminary hazards analysis is based on the philosophy "Prevention is better than

cure". Identification of hazards at the proposed civil enclave at Adampur is of

primary significance in the risk analysis, quantification and cost-effective control

of accidents. A classical definition of – hazard states that hazard is in fact the

characteristic of system that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the

components of a system need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential

for initiating or propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events, which can

be termed as an accident. Hazard identification has been carried out in the

purview of following:

• Identification of hazards based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of

Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 (as amended in 2000); and

• Identification of hazards due to handling and storage of HSD based on

qualitative/quantitative techniques.

7.3.2 Identification of Hazards Due to Storage of HSD for DG Sets Operation

At the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, HSD will be stored and handled for DG

sets operation. It is essential to have comprehensive information on High Speed

Diesel (HSD) will be handled at the proposed civil enclave at Adampur. An



understanding of their physico-chemical properties of HSD will help for hazard

identification.

High Speed Diesel (HSD)

High speed diesel is a mixture of straight run product (150 °C and 350 °C) with

varying amount of selected cracked distillates and is composed of saturated

hydrocarbons (primarily paraffins including iso, and cycloparaffins), and

aromatic hydrocarbons (including napthalenes and alkylbenzenes). Its exact

composition depends on the source of crude oil from which it is produced and

the refining methods used.

Physical properties of high speed diesel are as given below:

Boiling point/Range : 215 – 376 oC

Physical state : Liquid

Appearance : Yellowish Brown

Vapour pressure : 2.12 to 26mm Hg at 21 oC

Odour : Perceptible odour

Solubility in water @ 30 deg.C : Insoluble

Specific gravity : 0.86 - 0.90 at 20 °C

Pour Point : 6 - 18 °C

Flammability : Yes

LEL : 0.6%

UEL : 6%

Flash point (oC) : 32 (°C)

TDG Flammability : Class 3

Auto Ignition Temp : 225 °C

HSD presents a moderate fire hazard. On heating, it can cause pressure rise

with risk of bursting and subsequent explosion. It also forms explosive mixture

with air particularly in an empty container.

7.3.3 Identification of Hazards Based on MSIHC Rule, 2000

Manufacturing, Storage, Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 (amended

in 2000) has been enforced by Govt. of India under the Environment (Protection)

Act, 1986. For the purpose of identifying hazard installations the rules employ



certain criteria based on toxic, flammable and explosive properties of chemicals.

MSIHC Rule is applicable for storage of HSD at the proposed civil enclave at

Adampur.

7.3.3.1Hazardous Conditions

An accidental release of HSD for DG operation from day tank or barrels may

result in formation of fixed or spreading pool of released qualities. In case of

immediate ignition, a pool fire will result. Delayed ignition may result in

explosion or flash fire, if quantity of explosive mass is sufficient and some

confinement is present.

Pool Fire

A leak or spill of sufficient quantities of petroleum product will result in an

accumulation of petroleum product on the ground. If ignited, the resulting fire

is known as spreading or fixed pool fire. In case any object comes in contact

with the flame above the pool, it will be severely damaged or destroyed and

personnel exposed to flame will suffer extensive burn injuries. Objects and

personnel outside the actual flame volume may also be affected or injured by

radiant heat. The extent of damage or injury depends on the heat flux and

duration of fire and exposure. If a large area of the body receives second and

third degree burns, it can result in fatalities.

The extent of injury to people depends on the heat flux and duration of

exposure. The extent of damage to personnel and property depends on the size

of the pool and the duration of fire.

Thermal Effects

In case of fire, thermal effect is likely to cause injury or damage to people and

objects. A substantial body of experimental data exists and forms the basis for

thermal effect estimation. The consequence caused by exposure to heat

radiation is a function of:

• Radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2];

• Exposure duration [sec];

• Protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).



The following damage distances for thermal radiation have been used:

37.5 kW/m2 : Damage to process equipment. 100% fatality in 1min. 1%

fatality in 10sec.

12.5 kW/m2 : First degree burn for 10 sec exposure

4.0 kW/m2 : First degree burn for 30 sec exposure

Vapour Cloud Explosion/Flash fire

Vapour cloud explosion scenarios have been considered for confined (over

pressure scenario) as well as non-confined scenario (flash fire).

If a released HSD is not ignited directly, the vapour cloud will spread in the

surrounding area towards wind direction. The drifting cloud will mix with air.

As long as the vapour concentration is between the lower and upper explosion

limits, the vapour cloud may be set on fire by an ignition source. In case of

delayed ignition of a vapour cloud, two physical effects may occur: a flash fire

(non-confined) over the whole length of the flammable vapour cloud; a vapour

cloud explosion (confined) which results in blast wave, with typical peak

overpressures circular around the ignition source. For generation of

overpressure effects, some degree of confinement of the flammable cloud is

required. The extent of injury to people & damage to property or environment

depends on the cloud size, explosive mass in the cloud and the degree of

confinement at the time of ignition.

Delayed Ignition & Explosion

In case of delayed ignition of a natural vapour cloud, two physical effects may

occur:

• A flash fire (non confined explosion) over the whole length of the explosive

vapour cloud;

• A vapour cloud explosion (confined explosion) that results in blast wave, with

typical peak overpressures circular around the ignition source. For

generation of overpressure effects, some degree of confinement of the

flammable cloud is required.



The following Table 7.1 gives damage criteria with respect to the peak

overpressures resulting from a blast wave:

Table 7.1 Damage Effects due to Overpressures

Peak Overpressure Damage Type

0.830 bar Total Destruction

0.350 bar Heavy Damage

0.170 bar Moderate Damage

0.100 bar Minor Damage

The Table 7.2 below gives an illustrative listing of damage effects caused by

peak overpressure.

Table 7.2: Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures

Peak Overpressure

(Bar)

Failure

0.005 5 % Window Shattering

0.02 50 % Window Shattering

0.07 Collapse of a roof of a tank

0.07-0.14 Connection failure of panelling

0.08-0.1 Minor Damage to Steel Framework

0.15-0.2 Concrete block wall shattered

0.2 Collapse of Steel Framework

0.2-0.3 Collapse of self framing Steel panel building

0.2-0.3 Ripping of empty oil tanks

0.2-0.3 Deformation of a pipe bridge

0.2-0.4 Big trees topple over

0.3 Panelling torn off

0.35-0.4 Piping failure

0.35-0.8 Damage to Distillation Column

0.4-0.85 Collapse of pipe bridge

0.5 Loaded Train Wagon overturned

0.5 Brick walls shattered

0.5-1.0 Movement of round tank, failure of connecting

piping

(Source: TNO)



7.3.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA)

At the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, HSD may be released as a result of

leak from barrels/day tank, causing possible fire and explosion resulting damage

human and property in the surrounding area. This section deals with the question

of how the consequences of the release of such substances and the damage to

the surrounding area can be determined by means of models. Maximum Credible

Accident analysis encompasses certain techniques to identify the hazards and

calculate the consequent effects in terms of damage distances of heat radiation,

vapor cloud explosion, etc. Depending upon the effective hazardous attributes

and their impact on the event, the maximum effect on the surrounding

environment and the respective damage caused can be assessed.

The proposed civil enclave at Adampur may mainly pose flammable and explosion

hazards due to unwanted release or leakage of HSD from barrels. Consequence

analysis is basically a study of quantitative analysis of hazards due to various

failure scenarios. It is that part of risk analysis, which considers failure cases and

the damage caused by these failure cases. It is done in order to form an opinion

on potentially hazardous outcome of accidents and their possible consequences.

The reason and purpose of consequence analysis are many folds like:

- Estimation of consequence distances;

- Design Criteria.

- Protection of other installations;

- Emergency Planning; and

The results of consequence analysis are useful for getting information about all

known and unknown effects that are of importance when some failure scenario

occurs and also to get information as how to deal with the possible catastrophic

events.

7.3.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis

HSD will be stored in day tank of DG sets and barrels only, hence possibility of

fire and explosion in day storage tank is negligible. The selected scenarios for

consequence calculations are given in Table 7.3.



Table 7.3: Selected Scenarios for Consequence Calculations

Scenario

No.

Description Outcomes

1. Leakage of HSD from day tank

followed by Immediate/delayed ignition

Pool Fire/ Vapour

Cloud Explosion/

Flash Fire

Note: Vapour Cloud Explosion (Confined) and Flash Fire (Non-confined)

Model Used For Consequence Analysis

The consequence analysis studies involve a large number of calculations for

which established computing aids are essential. PHAST software of DNV has

been used to perform the consequence calculations. PHAST is a consequence

and risk assessment software for calculation of physical effects (fire, explosion,

atmospheric dispersion) of the escape of hazardous materials. PHAST software

allows detailed modelling and quantitative assessment of release of pure and

mixtures of liquid and gaseous chemicals.

Scenario-1: Leakage of HSD from day tank Followed by Immediate/

delayed ignition

On release of HSD from day tank of DG set, HSD will be spread on the ground

and spread pool of HSD will be formed. On early or delayed ignition, spread

pool fire will be observed. Consequence calculations for release HSD from day

tank followed by fire have been carried out as per the details given below:

• Pool Fire Heat Radiation On ignition of spreading pool, thermal radiation distances will be as given:

Radiation Level

Thermal Radiation Level Distances (m)

4 m/s – B 3 m/s – D 2 m/s - E

37.5 kW/m2 5.12 4.90 4.69

12.5 kW/m2 16.43 15.44 13.99

4 kW/m2 25.53 24.89 23.79

Thermal radiation radii from spreading pool fire are shown in Figure 7.1.



Vapour Cloud Explosion: In the event of delayed ignition after release of

HSD, vapours of HSD will be generated from the surface of spreading pool and

dispersed into the atmosphere towards prevailing wind directions. However, no

vapour cloud explosion will be occurred:

Flash Fire In the event of delayed ignition, vapours of HSD will be generated from the

surface of spread pool and dispersed into the atmosphere towards prevailing

wind directions. The distances of HSD vapours within the UFL and LFL are

given below:

Concentrations Distances (m)

3 m/s – B 3 m/s – D 2 m/s - E

UFL 0.49 0.49 0.59

LFL 8.69 10.01 9.43

Flash Fire Envelope distances will be as given below:

Concentrations Flash Fire Envelope Distances (m)

3 m/s – B 3 m/s - D 2 m/s - E

Furthest Extent 8.69 10.01 9.43

Flash fire envelope distances are shown in Figure 7.2.



Figure 7.1: Thermal Radiation Radii From Spreading Pool Fire



Figure 7.2: Flash Fire Envelope Distances

Figure 7.2: Flash Fire Envelope for Spreading Pool of HSD



7.3.6 Risk Mitigation Measures

The risk mitigation measures will be taken at the proposed civil enclave at

Adampur are as given below:

• Check list for operators for checking safety system and equipment is

prepared and check records kept in safe custody.

• Handling of HSD as per SOPs under the supervision of trained personnel,

• Prompt action in the event of an accidental release of HSD is essential.

• Where there is a possibility of a HSD spill, provisions have been made to

ensure as follows: (i) the spread of the spill is limited; (ii) non-flammable

absorbent material is available for immediate use; (iii) ignition sources can

be quickly removed; and (iv) the area is well ventilated.

• Fire-fighting facilities will be provided near storage and handling of HSD as

per bye laws.

• Fire-fighting facilities will be tested as per schedule.

• Fueling in DG sets ‘day tank’ will be done under the supervision of trained

operator.

• Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)” will be followed while filling HSD in

DG sets.

• Disaster Management Plan will be prepared and updated regularly.

• Mock drills will be conducted regularly involving all concerned agencies.

7.4 Disaster Management Plan

The important aspect in emergency management is to prevent by technical and

organizational measures, the unintentional escape of hazardous materials out

of the facility and minimize accidents and losses.

Emergency planning demonstrates the organization's commitment to the safety

of employees and increases the organization's safety awareness. The format

and contents of the Disaster Management Plan have been developed taking

into consideration the regulatory guidelines, other applicable documents and

accepted industry good practice principles formulated as a result of lessons

learned in actual emergencies requiring extensive emergency response. A plan

can work smoothly and effectively only if the instructions are correctly and

promptly followed and action taken at various levels is well coordinated.



7.4.1 Objective of Emergency Planning

The objective of the disaster management plan is to describe the emergency

response organization, the resources available and response actions applicable.

It deals with various types of emergencies that could occur at the proposed civil

enclave at Adampur with the response organization structure being deployed in

the shortest time possible during an emergency. Thus, the objectives of

emergency response plan can be summarized as:

• Rapid control and containment of the hazardous situation;

• Minimizing the risk and impact of an event/accident; and

• Effective rehabilitation of the affected persons, and prevention of damage

to property.

To effectively achieve, the objectives of emergency planning, the critical

elements that form the backbone of the plan are:

• Reliable and early detection of an emergency and careful planning;

• The command, co-ordination, and response organization structure along

with efficient trained personnel;

• The availability of resources for handling emergencies;

• Appropriate emergency response actions;

• Effective notification and communication facilities;

• Regular review and updating of the plan; and

• Proper training of the personnel.

7.4.2 Categorization of Emergencies

The emergencies at the proposed civil enclave at Adampur can be classified

under several headings. These headings are listed below together with a

description of the type of emergency.

i. Fires on the Ground

Fire on the ground can be aircraft related and non-aircraft related. Fire involving

aircraft can be at any location on the taxiway or apron area where the aircraft

is parked. Non-aircraft related fire involves mainly the terminal buildings and



HSD storage, etc.

ii. Natural Disasters

The proposed civil enclave at Adampur is located in Seismic Zone III as per

seismic classification. Seismicity is not a serious natural hazard for the proposed

civil enclave at Adampur. However, necessary design measures have been taken

for making structure earthquake proof.

7.4.3 Key Functions of Airport Director and Other Supporting

Organizations/Agencies/Services for mitigation of emergency at the

proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

Concerned officers and other external supporting organizations/ agencies/

services will be called upon as necessary to mitigate crisis depending on the

nature of emergency. Table below summarizes the general key functions of

Airports Authority of India (AAI) and other supporting organizations/ agencies/

services during crisis at the proposed civil enclave at Adampur.

Sn Organization//Agencies/

Services

Key Functions

1. Airforce Fire Service • Fire-fighting operations

• Post-accident fire protection

• Evacuate injured passengers to

hospitals

• Support structural fire-fighting and

evacuation

• Support mitigation of dangerous

foods accidents/incidents

• Inform fire brigade at Airforce

Station.

2. Terminal Building

Management

• Activate Key Officials and other

external agencies/services such as

hospitals, panel doctors, ambulance

services,

• Activate the Emergency Response

and Interaction Centre (ERIC)

Group



Sn Organization//Agencies/

Services

Key Functions

• Set up the Emergency Coordination

Centre (ECC), Friends and Relatives

Reception Centre (FRRC)

• Passenger facilitation and business

recovery at terminal buildings

• Support terminal building

evacuation

3. Engineering • Provide technical support and

assistance

• Support recovery efforts

4. Local Police • Guarding of site and preservation of

evidence at the proposed Civil

Enclave including eye-witness

accounts and photography.

• Maintain law and order at the side.

7.4.4 Emergency Operations/Coordination Centers Established for

Mitigation of Emergencies

During a major disaster such as severe fire outbreak at terminal building, the

various emergency operations will be established immediately to mitigate the

disaster.

The emergency operations and coordination centers at Airforce Station/Civil

Enclave will comprise Crisis Management Centre (CMC), Emergency

Coordination Centre (ECC), and Friends and Relatives Reception Centre (FRRC).

Each of them has its own functions and roles to perform during the crisis:

i. Crisis Management Centre (CMC)

Established by the AAI, the Crisis Management Centre is to function as an

overall overseeing and controlling authority of the crisis mitigating process

during a major on ground fire. The committee of the Crisis Management Centre

comprises the following permanent and supporting members:



The functions of the CMC include:

a. Formulate strategic plans and policies, as well as engage in high level

decision making for the mitigation of crisis.

b. Control, coordinate and support operations during an Incident.

c. Oversee the work and progress of protracted fire-fighting and rescue, and

salvage operations.

d. Liaise with the airline concerned, local authorities, ministries, and

governmental departments for support.

e. Arrange and provide welfare to the staff involved in the mitigation of crisis.

f. Regulate the release of information to the public on the facts of the aircraft

disaster.

g. Issue press releases and organize press conferences.

h. Ensure that the post-accident operations are completed expeditiously so

that the proposed Civil Enclave can resume normal operations in the

shortest possible time.

ii. Emergency Coordination Centre (ECC)

Located near to Entry Gate, the Emergency Coordination Centre will be

established by the Airport Director, during a major disaster, to coordinate the

response and functions of the external supporting organizations, agencies, and

services involved in the mitigation of the emergency.

The committee of ECC comprises the following officials:

• Terminal Manager - Chairman

• Engineering In-charge - Alternate Chairman

• Manager - Civil

• Manager - Electrical

• Security Officer

• CISF Representative

• Police Representative

Functions of the ECC include:

a. Support incident site fire-fighting and rescue operations through liaison and

coordination with the external organizations/agencies/ services.



b. Facilitate mobilization of external resources to the crash site, such as issuing

emergency passes and arranging with Apron Control for "Follow-me"

vehicles.

c. Arrange and facilitate visits by the VVIPs to the site (if any).

iii. Assembly Area (AA)

Assembly area is an area set up near the incident site to temporarily receive

the uninjured casualties until the arrangements to transport them to the

Hospital is made. Two Assembly Areas (AA) will be near parking in front of

terminal building.

iv. Friends and Relatives Reception Centre (FRRC)

The FRRC serves as a secure area, away from the attentions of the media, for

the friends and relatives of those involved in an accident. The documentation

process within the FRRC helps to confirm who was on the site/aircraft and

facilitates the reunion.

On receiving the "Fire" message, Terminal Director will set up the FRRC.

The staff shall man the FRRC, and the police shall take charge of the security

of the area.

At the FRRC, the airline staff shall:

• Attempt to verify the identity of the visitors on entry;

• Conduct documentation and briefing;

• Update with the latest information including passenger manifest, that has

been officially cleared;

• Provide care and comfort including refreshments;

• Arrange for doctors and/or CARE officers through ECC on a need basis.

Command structure and communication flow among various emergency /

coordination centers is given below:



7.4.5 Media Management

Airport Director – Chairman and his team shall take the lead to handle all press

matters. They are single point media interaction. They will be responsible for

developing the overall information management plan, with emphasis on

strategies to manage the information flow. They will also be responsible for the

preparation of press releases and the organization of press conferences.

All press personnel will first be directed to Airport Director 's Media Centre. At

the Media Centre, press briefing, communications and transportation service

for taking the press personnel to and from the accident site, when permissible,

will be arranged/provided.

No unauthorized persons shall be allowed in the Media Centre. Only members

of the press, free-lance reporters and photographers wearing a valid pass

issued by Airport Director will be admitted to the Media Centre, or transported

to the scene of the accident.

7.4.6 Emergency Procedures

7.4.6.1Fires on the Ground (Aircraft Related Fires Occurring in Aircraft

Movement Areas)

An aircraft can catch fire while it is taxiing in the movement area or parked.

Such a scenario can arise from a defect or malicious act, and may develop into

a major disaster.

When the aircraft on the ground on fire is sighted, Airport Fire Service through

the crash alarm communication system will be informed and provide details of

Command Structure and Communication

CMC

ECC FRRC



the aircraft fire, for example:

• Location of aircraft;

• Nature of fire (e.g. undercarriage fire, engine fire);

• Number of Persons on Board (POB); and

• Presence of dangerous goods, if known.

The Air Traffic Controller shall give clearance to the responding fire vehicles to

enter the runway/taxiway as soon as possible.

If the fire is large and has caused extensive damage to the aircraft and external

resources are required to aid in the mitigation process, the Air Traffic Controller

shall declare "Aircraft on Fire".

The standard text and format used for the "Aircraft on Fire" message shall be

as follows:

AIRCRAFT ON FIRE:

Aircraft Operator;

Aircraft Type & *Flight Number; Location of Aircraft;

*Nature of Fire (e.g. undercarriage fire, engine fire);

*Number of Persons on Board (POB);

*Any Dangerous Goods on Board.

(*The information shall be provided if it is available and applicable.)

The use of the phrase "Aircraft on Fire" is to give distinction and therefore avoid

confusion between aircraft crash and aircraft on the ground on fire.

7.4.6.2Fires on the Ground (Fires Involving at Proposed Civil Enclave,

i.e. Non-Aircraft Related Fires)

Fire may occur at any of the part of the Proposed Civil Enclave. If out of control,

such a fire may cripple the key Proposed Civil Enclave facilities and disrupt the

normal operations.

During a fire occurrence, however small it may appear to be, any person

discovering it shall:



Raise the fire alarm via the nearest manual call point. If no manual call point

is readily available, raise the alarm by other available means.

Inform the Fire Service immediately of the exact location of the fire via the

following telephone numbers.

Operate a suitable fire extinguisher where readily available, or any water

hose reel within range. [*Note: Attempt to put out the fire using a fire

extinguisher shall only be carried out if the fire is small (i.e., at incipient

stage) and does not pose any danger to the operator. Also take note that

water shall not be used on fire involving liquid such as HSD, as well as on

energized electrical equipment unless such equipment has been de-

energized.)

On receipt of a structural fire call, the Fire Operator shall request the caller

to provide the following details:

• Location of fire;

• Type of fire;

• Name of caller;

• Telephone number of caller.

7.5 Training and Education

Regular training would be provided to all personnel who have a role in planning

and operational response to an emergency. The main goal of training for

emergencies is to enable the participants to understand their roles in the

response organization, the tasks associated with each position and the

procedures for maintaining effective communications with other response

functions and individuals.

The training objectives are:

• To familiarize personnel with the contents and manner of implementation

of the plan and its procedures,

• To train personnel in the performance of the specific duties assigned to

them in the plan and in the applicable implementation procedures,



• To keep personnel informed of any changes in the plan and the

implementing procedures,

• To maintain a high degree of preparedness at all levels of the Emergency

Response Organization,

• Train new personnel who may have moved within the facility organization;

• Test the validity, effectiveness, timing and content of the plan, and

• Update and modify the plan on the basis of experience acquired through

exercises and drills.

7.6 Mock Drills and Exercises

Mock drills constitute another important component of emergency

preparedness. They refer to the re-enactment, under the assumption of a mock

scenario, of the implementation of response actions to be taken during an

emergency. Emergency drills and integrated exercises have the following

objectives:

• To test, efficacy, timing, and content of the plan and implementing

procedures;

• To ensure, that the emergency organization personnel are familiar with their

duties and responsibilities by demonstration;

• Provide hands-on experience with the procedures to be implemented during

emergency; and

• Maintain emergency preparedness.

The frequency of the drills would vary depending on the severity of the hazard.

However, drills would be conducted once in a year. Scenarios may be developed

in such a manner as to accomplish more than one event objective.

Drills and exercises will be conducted as realistically as is reasonably

practicable.

Planning for drills and exercises would include:

• The basic objectives,

• The dates, times and places,

• The participating organizations,

• The events to be simulated,



• An approximate schedule of events,

• Arrangements for qualified observers, and

• An appropriate critique of drills/exercises with participants.

Evaluation of drills and exercises would be carried out which would include

comments from the participants and observers. Discrepancies noted by the drill

observers during the drill shall be pointed out during the drill.

The individual responsible for conducting the drill or exercise would prepare a

written evaluation of the drill or exercise. The evaluation would include

assessments and recommendations on:

• Areas that require immediate correction;

• Areas where additional training is needed;

• Suggested modifications to the plan or procedures; and

• Deficiencies in equipment, training, and facilities.

The evaluation of a drill or exercise shall be submitted to the terminal manager

for review and acceptance who shall then determine the corrective actions to

be taken and assign the responsibility to appropriate personnel.

The Safety In-charge would track all approved drill and exercise corrective

actions as a means of assuring that corrections are made in a reasonable

amount of time, and shall advise the Terminal Manager of the status of

implementation of corrective actions.

Records of drills, exercises, evaluations, and corrective actions would be duly

maintained.

7.7 Updating of Emergency Plan

The proposed Civil Enclave Emergency Plan and implementing procedures

would be reviewed and updated to ensure compliance with relevant regulations

and applicable state and local emergency plans.

The need for updating is based on following aspects:



• Written evaluations of mock drill exercises which identify deficiencies or

more desirable methods, procedures, or organizations;

• Changes in key personnel involved in the organization;

• Changes in the facility organization structure;

• Changes in regulations;

• Recommendations received from other organizations and state agencies.

7.8 Social Impact Assessment and R&R Action Plan

For proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur, 40 Acres land has been transferred by

State Government of Punjab and handed over to Airports Authority of India.

No displacement of person is involved in the project. Therefore, Social Impact

Assessment and R&R Action plan is not required as there is no project affected

person because of no land acquisition. The anticipated impacts on socio-

economic environment due the proposed Civil Enclave have been identified and

assessed in Chapter 4 of the EIA report.

7.9 Public Hearing for Establishment of Civil Enclave at Adampur

The public hearing for establishment of Civil Enclave at Adampur in Jalandhar

Distt, Punjab was conducted by Punjab Pollution Control Board on 28 Nov 2018

at the Site. The Action Taken Report for issues raised in public hearing and

other details of the Public Hearing are given in Annexure 2.

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Project Benefits


CHAPTER- 8

PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 General







region with maximum numbers of its people settled abroad. There is no airport

in the region to provide air connectivity to NRIs and local people. The proposed

civil enclave adjunct to Adampur Air Base will provide air connectivity to the

region by operating commercial flights under UDAN/regional connectivity

scheme.

8.2 Direct and Indirect Benefits

The direct and indirect benefits of the proposed Civil Enclave are as follows:

Direct Benefits

▪ Air connectivity to Doaba Jalandhar Region covers major cities of Punjab

state like Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala, Nawashahar, Sultanpur Lodi,

Dasua, Phagwara, Banga and Nakodar.

▪ Increase in economy as it will boost tourism, trade and commercial activities

in the region.


region.

Macro Level Benefits

▪ Direct and indirect employment opportunity to people.

▪ More business and industrial opportunities

▪ Saving in travel time

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Environmental Management Plan


CHAPTER 9

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1 Introduction

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has identified environmental

impacts those are likely to arise during construction and operation phases of

the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur. The Chapter 4 of this report has

examined both adverse and beneficial impacts on each physical, biological and

socio-economic parameters of environment during construction and operation

phases of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur. The environmental impact

assessment has examined the extent to which these impacts would be

mitigated through the adoption of standard practices, guidelines and complying

with regulatory requirements. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

describes both best practice measures and site specific measures. The

implementation of EMP is aimed at mitigating potential environmental impacts

associated with the construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil

Enclave at Adampur.

9.2 Environmental Management Measures

9.2.1 Soil

Construction Phase

During the construction phase of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur, the

following measures shall be adopted to minimize adverse impacts in soil:

• To prevent the soil contamination through the leakage or spillage of fuel oil,

oil containers will be stored and handled carefully on cement lined floor,

• All metal, paper, plastic wastes, debris and cuttings shall be collected from

the site as soon as particular construction activity is over.

Top Soil Management The top-soil from all areas to be permanently covered shall be stripped to a

specified depth of 150 mm and stored in stockpiles of height not exceeding 2 m.



At least 10% of the temporarily acquired area shall be earmarked for storing top

soil.

The stock pipe shall be designed such that the slope does not exceed 1:2

(Vertical to Horizontal), and the height of the pile be restricted to 2 m. to retain

soil and to allow percolation of the water, the edge of the pile shall be protected

by fencing. Stockpiles will not be surcharged or otherwise loaded and multiple

handling will be kept to minimum to ensure that no compaction will occur. The

stockpiles shall be cover with gunny bags or tarpaulin.

It shall be ensured by the contractor that the top soil will not be unnecessarily

trafficked either before stripping or when in stockpiles.

Top soil shall also be utilized for landscaping and plantation at the proposed

civil enclave.

Operation Phase

Approx. 130 kg/d solid waste will be generated from the proposed Civil Enclave

in the form of paper, plastics, polyethylene bags and food waste, etc. Solid

wastes from the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected in waste bins.

Approx. 15 kg sludge generated from STP will be used as manure for greenery

and landscaping development.

The solid wastes handling and disposal services will be outsourced by Airports

Authority of India to authorized agency to ensure proper disposal of solid waste

generated at the proposed Civil Enclave. AAI will ensure that solid waste is

being managed and disposed as per Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016.

9.2.2 Water Quality

Construction Phase

The following mitigation measures will be adopted to avoid impacts on water

quality during construction phase of the proposed Civil Enclave:

• Efforts will be made to conserve the water;

• Appropriate sanitation facilities (septic tank) to be provided for the

construction workers to reduce impact on water quality.



• The construction wastes will be collected and disposed suitably.

• Control of spillage of fuel oil and storage of oil barrels on cemented floor.

• Waste oil generated during maintenance of construction equipment will be

collected and disposed to PPCB approved waste oil recyclers for recycling

and reuse.

• Runoff from fuelling area, vehicle parking areas, etc. will be passed through

oil interceptor.

Operation Phase

The following measures will be taken to protect water quality at the proposed

Civil Enclave during operation phase:

• Sewage generated at the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected and sent

to sewage treatment plant for proper treatment and disposal.

• Municipal wastes generated at the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected

and disposed suitability as per standards practices and Solid Waste

Management Rule, 2016.

• Used oil generated at the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected and

disposed to PPCB approved waste oil recyclers for recycling and reuse.

I. Sewage (Waste Water) Management

Sewage generated from the proposed civil enclave will be treated in well-

designed Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)

type sewage treatment plant of 50 KLD capacity will be installed at the proposed

Civil Enclave.

I. Design Details of STP - MBBR Technology

Advanced technology of Fixed Film biological processes having large surface

area for bio-mass to grow have been used in the past to reduce both the reactor

volumes as well retention times. Further developments in this field have led to

development of Moving bed Technology in which the Moving Bed media are

made of small plastic materials which are freely moving and non-clogging type.

The basic idea behind the Moving Bed Reactor development is to have a

continuous operating non-clogging bio film reactor which requires (1) no back-



washing, (2) has low head loss and (3) high specific bio film surface area. This

is achieved by having the biomass to grow on small carrier elements that move

along with the water in the reactor.

The movement within the reactor is generated by aeration in the aerobic

reactor. These bio-film carriers are made of special grade plastic having density

close to that of water.

Apart from making the plant compact, the moving bed reactor employing fixed

film principle of the attached growth process makes the plant more user-

friendly because it does not require sludge recycle. The absence of sludge

recycle frees the operator from the enormous task of measurement and

monitoring MLSS levels in the tank and adjusting recycle ratios continuously,

due to fluctuating inlet COD loads.

Due to fixed film nature these plants can accept shock loads much better than

those employed for suspended growth process. Moving Bed Reactor are

generally tall (6 m and above) thereby reducing the cross-sectional area

further. As a rule of thumb the bio-reactor can be accommodated in only 10%

area that is required for conventional aeration tanks.

One more attraction of this technology is that it produces much smaller quantity

of sludge and what is more, this sludge requires no further treatment such as

digestion, due to the fact that it produces digested sludge which does not smell

like that in conventional plant.

II. Sewage Treatment Plant Design Calculations

The design calculations for 50 kl/d MBBR Technology based sewage treatment

plant for proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur are given in Table 9.1.

Table 9.1: Design Calculation for MBBR Technology based STP

(50kl/d)

I. Sewage Characteristics for Design of STP

i Average Flow m3 /day 36

ii Design Flow m3 /day 50

iii No of hrs to calculate hourly

flow

hr 16

iv pH 7.5-7.8



v TSS mg/l 250

vi BOD mg/l 300

vii COD mg/l 500

II. Desired Treated Water Characteristics

i. pH 7.5 to 8.0

ii. TSS mg/l <30

iii. BOD mg/l <20

iv. COD mg/l <0

III. Coarse Bar Screens

i Design Flow m3/day 50

ii Design Flow m3/hr 3.125

iii No of Units Nos 1

iv Velocity at Peak Flow m/s 0.9

v Open Area Required m2 0.000965

vi Liquid Depth in Screen

Channel

m 0.5

vii Clear Width Required m 0.001929012

viii Width of each Clear Opening mm 10

ix. No of Openings Nos 0.192901235

x. Provide Nos. of Openings Nos 8

xi Size of MS Bar mm 10

xii. Width of Screen Channel m 0.4

xiii Angle of inclination - 45o

IV. Oil And Grease Chamber - 1 No



iii Detention Time Minimum 2

iv Volume Required m3 0.1042

v Provided SWD m 0.6

vi Provided dimension (Length) m 0.75

vii Calculated dimension (width) m 0.23

vii Provided dimension (width) m 0.75

viii Dimensions of Oil &

Grease Chamber

m 0.75 x 0.75x0.6 SWD

V. Equalization Tank - 1 No




ii Design Flow m3/hr 3

iii Detention Time hr 6

iv Volume Required m3 18

v Provided SWD m 2.5

vi Provided Dimension (Length) m 3

vii Calculated Dimension (Width) m 2.40

viii Provided Dimension (Width) m 2.75

ix. Dimensions of

Equalization Tank

m 3.0x2.5x2.5 SWD

ix. Provided Volume m3 20.625

VI. MBBR Reactor - 1 No

i Design Average Flow m3/day 50

ii Design Flow m3/hr 3

iii No of Units Nos 1

iv Incoming BOD mg/lit 300

Kg/Day 15

A. Calculation of Media

i Surface area of Media (MBBR

Type) considered

sqm/Cum

400

ii Loading Rate for sewage

waste

Kg/day/cum

6

iii Volume of Media Required cum 2.500

iv Tank Dimension

v Volume Required for reactor m3 7.5

vi No of Units Nos 1

vii Volume Required for one

reactor

m3

7.5

viii Provided SWD m 2.5

ix. Provided dimension (Length) m 2

x. Calculated dimension (Width) m 1.5

xi. Provided dimension (Width) 2

xii. Dimensions of MBBR Reactor m 2.5x2.0x2.5 SWD

xiii. Provided Volume of One tank m3 10

B. Air Requirement

i Required Oxygen Rate Kg/Kg BOD 1

ii Required Oxygen / unit Kg/day 15

iii Correction Factor - 0.85

iv Required Oxygen with Corr

Factor

Kg/day 17.65



v Oxygen % in the

Atmospheric Air

23.2

vi Theoretical Air Requirement Kg/day 76.1

vii Density of Air Kg/m3 1.201

viii Theoretical Air Requirement m3/day 63.33

ix. Standard Oxygen Tfr

Efficiency

%

15

x. Field Capacity - 0.95

xi. Actual Air Requirement m3/day 444.45

xii. Actual Air Requirement m3/hr 27.78

xiii. Capacity of Diffuser m3/hr/m 5

xiv Required No. of Diffusers No 5.6

xv No. of Diffusers to be

Provided

No

8

xvi Blower Capacity Provided for

MBBR Reactor

m3/hr 80

xvii Blower Capacity Provided for

Equalization tank

m3/hr 40

xviii Total Blower Capacity provided

m3/hr 120

VII. Secondary Tube Settler -

1 No



iii No of Units No 1

iv Surface loading rate m3/m2/hr 2

v Required area of tube settler m2 1.5625

vi Provided Depth of tube settler m 2.75

vii Provided dimension (Length) m 2

viii Inlet Baffle m 0.6

ix. Provided dimension (width) m 1.75

Dimensions of Secondary

Tube Settler

m 2.0x1.75x2.75 SWD

VIII

.

Filter Feed Sump- 1 No.



iii Detention Time hr 2

iv Volume Required m3 6.25

v No of Units Provided No 1



vi Provided SWD m 2.75

vii Required Plan Area m2 2.27

viii. Provided dimension (Length) m 2

ix. Provided dimension (Width) m 1.75

x Dimensions of Filter Feed

Sump

m 2.0x 1.75x2.75m

SWD

xi Provided Volume m3 9.625

IX. Pressure Sand Filter - 1

No.


ii Design Filtration Hour Hr. 16

iii Design Flow m3/hr 3.125

iv No of Units Provided No 1

v Loading Rate on filter m3/m2 hr 15

vi Required Working Dia mm 515.00

vii Working Dia Provided of

PSF

mm

600

viii Height on Straight mm 1500

X. Activated Carbon Filter - 1

No.


ii Design Filtration Hour Hr. 16

iii Design Flow m3/hr 3.125

iv No of Units Provided No 1

v Loading Rate on filter m3/m2 hr 15

vi Required Working Dia mm 515.00

vii Working Dia Provided of

ACF

mm

600

viii Height on Straight mm 1500

XI. UV Disinfection System


ii Unit No. 1

iii Capacity m3/hr 1

XII. Sludge Drying Beds



iii Influent BOD mg /L 300



iv Effluent BOD mg /L 20

v BOD removed mg /L 270

vi Quantity of excess sludge kg /kg BOD

removed

1.67

vii Quantity of excess sludge kg /d 2.545

viii Specific gravity of sludge 1.05

ix. Sludge Dying Beds No 3

x. Provide Sludge Dying Bed m 3.0x1.0x1.0+FB

Technical Specifications of The Mechanical Equipment of STP

1) Twin Lobe Blower

Capacity - 120 m3/hr at 4000 mm WG

Type - Twin Lobe Roots blower

Make - Everest/Beta/Equivalent

Motor - 10 HP Kirloskar/Crompton/ABB

Accessories - Silencer, air filter, pressure gauge, relief valve

2) MBBR Reactor

MOC - MS, 5mm thick, with 2mm internal FRP coating

Size - 2.5m x 2.0m x 2.5m+0.5 Free Board

Supporting Structure - Provided MS channels/girders

Shape - Rectangular with hopper bottom

Provided with - Ladder, Platform with railing (lengthwise)

Media MOC - PVC/HDPE

Type - MBBR Modules

3) Diffusers

MOC - PVC/HDPE Tube, neoprene rubber, SS fittings

Type - Sleeve type, fine bubble diffusers

Make - MM Aqua/Micro

Qty - 8 Nos.

4) Tube Settler

MOC - MS, 5mm thick with 2mm internal FRP coating

Size - 2.0m x 1.75m x 2.75m

Supporting Structure - Provided MS channels/girders

Provided with - Ladder, Platform with railing (lengthwise)

Shape - Rectangular with hopper bottom

Tubes - Low maintenance HDPE/PVC TubeDek Media



5) Pressure Sand Filter

MOC - FRP Vessel with MPV

Shape - Cylindrical

Size - 600 mm x 1500 mm

Backwash - Provided

Supporting structure- Provided

Media - Graded Gravels

6) Activated Carbon Filter

MOC - FRP Vessel with MPV

Shape - Cylindrical

Size - 600 mm x 1500 mm

Backwash - Provided

Supporting structure- Provided

Media - Activated Carbon packing

7) Sewage Transfer Pump

Capacity - 5lps at 15 m head

Type - Non Clog, Self Priming sludge pump

Make - Stork/Kirloskar/Grundfos

Motor - 2 HP IP-55, TEFC 3 Phase Induction Motor

Make - Kirloskar/Crompton/Equivalent

Accessories - Base frame, drive coupling, foundation bolts,

coupling guard, motor cover etc.

Numbers - Two Sets (1W + 1S)

8) Filter Feed Pump

Capacity - 5 lps at 15 m head

Type - Non Clog, Self Priming pump

Make - Stork/Kirloskar/Grundfos

Motor - 2 HP IP-55, TEFC 3 Phase Induction Motor

Make - Kirloskar/Crompton/Equivalent

Accessories - Base frame, drive coupling, foundation bolts,

coupling guard, motor cover etc.

Numbers - Two Sets (1W + 1S)

9) UV Disinfection System

Capacity - 50kl/day

Make - Austin / PW

MOC - SS

Quantity - One



10) On-line Digital pH Meter

pH Sensor - Online

Type - Gel-Filled

Make - Toshniwal/Equivalent

pH- Display - Digital

Make - Countronics/Equivalent

Numbers - One Set

11) Electronic Flow Meter

Name of product - Electronic flow-meter

Type - On-Line Digital

Make - Manas/Aster/Equivalent

Quantity - One

III. Process Description of STP

A. Pre-Treatment

The raw sewage is passed through a bar screen for removal of floating matter.

Removal of such floating / coarse matter is essential because it can otherwise

choke pipelines /pumps, etc, and hinders the normal operation of the treatment

plant. The screens are made of mild steel bars, placed at equal intervals. The

raw sewage is passed through the screens, wherein the floating matter, any

large particles are trapped in the bars. The inclination of bars is kept such that

manual raking becomes easy.

Before the sewage is collected in the equalisation tank the sewage is passed

through oil & grease removal chamber also, where free floating oil & grease

present in the raw sewage is trapped and collected.

B. Equalization Tank

Bioreactor are more efficient under uniform flow conditions. Equalization basin

will be used for temporary storage of diurnal or wet-weather flow peaks. Basins

provide a place to temporarily hold incoming sewage during plant maintenance

and a means of diluting and distributing batch discharges of toxic or high-

strength waste which might otherwise inhibit biological secondary treatment.

Flow equalization basin will be variable discharge control, typically include

provisions for bypass and cleaning, and may also include aerators. Cleaning



may be easier if the basin is downstream of screening and grit removal. From

equalisation tank the sewage will be pumped into the biological reactor on

average flow basis through pumps.

C. Grit Removal

Pre-treatment will include a grit channel or chamber, where the velocity of the

incoming wastewater is adjusted to allow the settlement of sand, grit, stones,

and broken glass. These particles are removed because they may damage

pumps and other equipment. For small sanitary sewer systems, the grit

chambers may not be necessary, but grit removal is desirable at larger plants.

Grit chambers come in 3 types: horizontal grit chambers, aerated grit chambers

and vortex grit chambers.

D. Biological Treatment

The main pollutants in the raw sewage are represented in the form of Bio-

chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The

ammonical nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorous present also represent

as polluting substances. The bacterial ability to synthesize the organic matter

to harmless end products like carbon di-oxide and water molecules are utilized

to treat the raw sewage.

The bio-reactions are carried out in controlled environment in the bio-reactor.

The bio-reactor comprises of a tank, fitted with aeration grid. The bacterial

activity needs dissolved oxygen, to synthesize the organic matter. This is

supplied by passing air in the form of small bubbles. The air is passed at the

bottom of the tank, so that complete volume of tank is utilized. Oxygen

dissolves in liquid, which can now be used by the bacteria. The bacterial

population is present on the media, which forms an integral part of the reactor

system. The media is made of small polypropylene elements. Millions of such

pieces are present in the reactor. A very large surface area is available for the

bacterial population to grow. The bacteria grow on the plastic media, by using

the organic content in the raw sewage, and the dissolved oxygen available. Due

to constant aeration, the media is set in whirling motion, so that continuous

mixing takes place.



The bacterial layer growth on the media surface increases to a certain extent,

and then gets sloughed off after a specific period. This phenomenon is called

sloughing. This creates new surface for further bacterial growth. Sloughing

takes place only after complete growth and subsequent dyeing - off of the

bacterial layer and hence the sloughed off material is completely digested.

Ammonical nitrogen is completely converted into nitrate nitrogen, in the

bacterial synthesis. About 50-60% of the phosphates are also assimilated in the

organic synthesis. Nitrogen and phosphorous are utilized as micronutrients in

the bacterial activity. The bacterial reaction is carried out in two stages for

maximizing the BOD removal efficiency. Hence, two such reactor are provided

in series. Within the reactor, arrangements are made to retain the plastic media

in place.

Air supply is done through perforated stainless steel pipes. Use of stainless steel

pipes ensures that no maintenance is required. The treatment process is mainly

based on the principle of Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) and consists mainly

of the following components:

Media which provides surface area for the growth of micro organisms.

Air Grid System which ensures high oxygen transfer efficiency to meet

The oxygen demand exerted by the micro-organisms and the fluidized state the

media. The system comprises of the following main units:

• Moving Bed Bio Reactor

• Tube Settler

Moving Bed Bio Reactor

The Moving Bed Bio-reactor tank consist of an air grid place at the bottom of

the tank which helps in including oxygen transfers from the air to the effluent

through the air blowers and at the same time maintains the media with

attached bacterial culture in suspension. It is here that bacterial culture utilizes

this oxygen to biodegrade the organic matter in the effluent and also for their

endogenous respiration, resulting in the production of simpler end products.

The mixed liquor consisting of old and new bacterial cells are then sent to the

Tube Settler.



Operation of Moving Bed Bioreactor Process

MBBR is a moving bed bioreactor treatment system. The media on which the

growth takes place in kept in fluidized state by aeration, Influent is continuously

fed to the reactor and the treated effluent is discharge from the system by

overflow. The high concentration of bacterial growth on the media hastens the

process of BOD/COD treatment, thereby making the system very compact.

Generally, two stages are sufficient to achieve the desired reduction.

Tube Settler

Settling tank with the tube modules is a unit in which solid liquid separation

occurs under the gravity.

Sludge Removal

The sloughed biomass must be removed before the treated sewage can be

disposed off. Hence a tube settler is provided. The tube settler is equipment in

which the Bio-mass removed & suspended solids are settled under action of

gravity.

The sludge formed in the process of bio-degradation, is drained to the sludge

holding tank from where through pump is fed to filter press for dewatering. The

filtrate from filter press is drained back to receiving sump by gravity. The

dewatered sludge will be removed manually. This sludge is very good soil

conditioner & hence can be used as manure.

Disinfection

The treated sewage is then disinfected to kill the pathogens /E-Coli coli forms,

so that it becomes fit for disposal on surface. UV disinfection will be used to

achieve desired levels of disinfection. Small residual chlorine also ensures

that there is no re-growth of E-coli, till the final disposal point.

The schematic diagram for MBBR based sewage treatment plant is given in Figure 9.1.



9.2.3 Solid Waste Management

Construction Phase

During the construction phase, the following measures will be taken for solid

waste management:

• All metal, wooden, paper, plastic wastes, debris and metal cuttings shall be

collected from site as soon as particular construction activity is over and

disposed in suitable manner.

• Municipal wastes generated will be collected and disposed in

environmentally sound manner.

Operation Phase

The following mitigation measures will be taken for management of solid waste

during operation phase of the proposed Civil Enclave.

• Solid wastes management at the proposed Civil Enclave will be carried out

as per Solid Wastes Management Rule, 2016.

• Solid wastes will be collected in designated waste bins based on their types,

placed at the strategic locations in the proposed civil enclave.

Approx. 70 kg/d solid waste will be generated from the proposed Civil Enclave.

The solid waste handling and disposal services will be outsourced to authorized

agency to ensure disposal of solid waste generated from the proposed Civil

Enclave. Solid waste generated in the aircraft will also be disposed off at the

designated waste collection points from where the agency will pick up the

garbage bags.

The authorised agency, collect the garbage from designated bins in the

proposed Civil Enclave. The wet garbage of the aircraft comprising of left over

food in the tray from the security gates of flight kitchens will also disposed off

at the specified place.

The collected garbage will be transported in covered container and will arrange

to disposed off after segregation of recyclable wastes as per provisions of Solid

Waste Management Rule 2016. After collection of garbage, garbage bins will



be disinfected every day by sprinkling disinfectant powder by the agency.

Weekly washing of garbage bins will also be carried out by this agency.

After collection of waste, solid waste management plan will be followed by

authorized agency is as given below:

• Segregation of recyclable and non recyclable wastes.

• Disposal of recyclable wastes for recycling.

• Composting of biodegradable organic of wastes for captive use.

• Disposal of segregated wastes to common municipal waste landfill site.

9.2.4 Air Quality

Construction Phase

During the construction phase, only marginal deterioration of ambient air

quality is expected at the construction site due to operation of construction

equipment and machineries, dust emissions from loading and unloading of raw

materials, cement and soils, dust emissions from the batch plant, fugitive

emissions from vehicle movement, etc. However, this deterioration will be

temporary in the nature during construction phase. The following measures will

be adopted during construction phase to mitigate the impact on ambient air

quality:

• Installation of batch mix plant (if required by the contractor) at isolated

place and providing cover shed around the plant,

• Providing dust suppression system in loading and unloading area,

• Pollution Under Control Certificate will be mandatory for all vehicles

approaching to the site. Any vehicle not meeting the vehicular pollution

standards will not be allowed within the construction site and for the

construction activity;


ABC Techno Labs Private Limited 9-17

Figure 9.1: Schematic Diagram for MBBR Based Sewage Treatment Plant

Raw Sewage



Operation Phase

Major pollutants from the proposed Civil Enclave operation will be emitted from

aircraft exhaust, vehicular traffic as ground support, pickup and dropping at the

proposed Civil Enclave and from DG sets. The major pollutants are mainly Nitrogen

di-oxide and Carbon monoxide besides particulates and sulphur di-oxide. The

baseline ambient air quality levels in the project area are within the permissible

limits as specified as National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The following

methods of abatement of pollution will be employed for the air pollution control at

the source level during operation phase of the proposed Civil Enclave:

⚫ Shut down combustion engines when not in use,

⚫ Single engine taxing and reduced taxing is effective in reducing emissions of

HC and CO from aircraft,

⚫ Height of the stack for DG sets will be kept as per CPCB guidelines,

⚫ Proper car parking facilities and traffic flow to avoid traffic congestion, and

⚫ Providing suitable green belt to reduce the impact of air pollution.

9.2.5 Noise Levels

Construction Phase

During the construction phase, noise will be generated through the operation of

construction machines, excavators and DG sets. The following measures will be

taken into consideration to mitigate the noise at the construction site:

• Provision of silencers on the construction machineries,

• Noise standards will be strictly enforced for vehicles, equipment, and

construction machineries, etc ,

• All construction equipment used for an 8-hour shift will conform to a standard

of less than 75 dB (A).

• Vehicles and construction equipment with internal combustion engines without

proper silencer will not be allowed to operate at the construction site.



• If required, machineries producing high noise, such as concrete mixers,

generators etc, shall be provided with noise shields and their usage timings can

be regulated,

• Shock absorbing techniques will be adopted to reduce vibration and noise.

• Machineries and vehicles will be maintained regularly, with particular attention

to silencers and mufflers, to keep construction noise levels to minimum.

• Workers in the vicinity of high noise levels shall wear earplugs, helmets and be

engaged in diversified activities to prevent prolonged exposure to noise levels

of more than 90 dB(A) per 8-hour shift.

Operation Phase

DG sets will be provided with acoustic enclosures to control the noise levels. The

proposed terminal building will be sound proof. Further, greenery will be developed

at the proposed Civil Enclave, which works as noise barrier.

9.2.6 Vehicle Parking and Traffic Management

The passenger capacity of proposed terminal building will be designed for 150

arriving and 150 departing passengers at one point of time. The car parking facility

will be provided for at least 150 cars on 11000 sqm area allocated for parking.

Vehicle parking and traffic management plan for proposed Civil Enclave are shown

in Figure 9.2.

The proposed civil enclave at Adampur will be approached through Adampur to

Hoshiarpur– Phagwara Road and then through Jalandhar- Hoshiarpur Section of

NH-70. As per MoU State Govt will provide connectivity to proposed civil enclave.

Therefore, during the study period, traffic survey was carried at Adampur –

Hoshiarpur road and Jalandhar- Hoshiarpur Section NH 70.

9.2.7 Measures and Materials used for Reduction in Carbon Foot Print

During construction and operation phase of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

for minimization/avoidance of greenhouse gases emissions, the following

mitigation measures are suggested:



• Burning of fossil fuels will be reduced by optimizing operation of DG sets.

• Harnessing Solar Power up to maximum possible extent.

• Use of LED lights

• Use of energy conservation measures for the proposed terminal building.

• Plantation of trees and shrubs

Figure 9.2: Vehicle Parking and Traffic Management Plan



9.2.7.1Energy Conservation Measures

During design and construction of proposed Civil Enclave necessary measures will

be taken for conservation of energy in line with “Energy Conservation Building

Code –2017” and “National Building Code 2016”. The important energy

conservation measures proposed for proposed terminal building are described

below:

• The proposed terminal building will be designed and constructed for GRIHA

Rating 4 Star,

• Use of Energy Efficient building material & glass,

Wall Construction U Value (0.077 Btu/h-ft2 oF)

Roof Construction U Value (0.046 Btu/h-ft2 oF)

Glass properties Glass with U value (0.28 Btu/h-ft2 oF) and

SHGC 0.20

Window to gross wall ratio 47%

• Lighting shall be optimized by extensive use of day lighting, energy efficient

lamps of LED, occupancy sensors, intelligent lighting controls etc. to meet

ECBC/ GRIHA norms. Decorative / MS / GI poles with LED/Metal Halide/HPSV

luminaries shall be used for the street lighting and external lighting shall be

designed for 10-20 Lux level.

• Use of Solar Backed up Light Emitting Diode Lamps instead of par lamps,

• Energy efficient HVAC system,

• Solar passive techniques for terminal building,

• Use of 5 star BEE energy efficiency rating electrical equipment,

• Microprocessor-based Building Management System (BMS) will be installed for

minimization of energy consumption through centrally monitor the status, the

Air Conditioning units and Water supply pumps, tank levels, flow switches, etc.

• Automatic lighting on/ off control system will be provided in the proposed civil

enclave area for optimum utilization of energy.

• It is proposed that 100 KW solar power generation plant will be established at

the proposed Civil Enclave to produce clean energy.



By adopting above measures more than 30% energy will be saved.

9.2.7.2 GRIHA Rating 4 Star for Proposed Terminal Building

Airports Authority of India has planned for green building certification for proposed

terminal building under Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA)

organization. Out of possible 104 points for Criterion as per GRIHA Dashboard,

minimum 81 to 90 points will be achieved for 4 Stars GRIHA rating.

9.2.7.3 100 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted SPVPP

AAI has planned for to install 100 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted Solar

Photovoltaic Power Plant (SPVPP) at the proposed Civil Enclave. Bills of materials

for 100 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted SPVPP are given in Table 9.2:

Table 9.2: Bill of Materials for 100 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted SPVPP

Sn. Item Description Specifications Indicative Make

1. Solar Module Solar Module of Minimum 310

Wp Manufactured on

Automated Production Lines

with greater than 16 % module

efficiency (DC Capacity = 100

kWp)

Trina or

equivalent

2. Module Mounting

Structure

G.I. Sheets with Excellent

Corrosion Resistance

Standard Make

3. Power Conditioning

Unit (Inverters)

Power Conditioning Unit with

MPPT Charge Controller and

above 98% Efficiency Inverter

Fronius or

equivalent

4. Cables DC Cable – 1C x 4sq mm, Cu Polycab – AC

SIECHEM – AC AC Cable – as per detailed

design

5. Protection Devices Lighting Arrestors

Earthing Protection

Ellipse or

Equivalent

6. HDEP Pipe Underground HT Cable Laying Standard Make

7. Data Logging + DG

Synchronization +

SolGriD-Power Management

System

RelyOn Solar



Sn. Item Description Specifications Indicative Make

Reverse Power

Controller

Details of Solar Module Features • 310-320 Wp Multi Crystalline Solar Module from reputed supplier. • With more than 15% module efficiency. These are used in MW Solar Farms

• 72 Cells modules with low iron anti refractive coated glass gains additional 2%

energy.

• Superior resistance to PID (potential induced degradation)

• Upto 25 years true liners power output warranty.

• 10 years global workmanship warranty.

Details of solar module are given in Table 9.3.

Table 9.3: Details of Solar Modules

Peak Power (Pmax) 315 Wp

Max Power Current (Imp) 9.10 A

Short Circuit Current (Isc) 8.55 A

No. of Cells 72

Max Power Voltage (Vmp) 36.9 V

Open Circuit Voltage (VoC) 45.4 V

Tolerance 0, +5

Module Efficiency (%) 16.2

Weight 25 kg

Glass High Transmission Low Iron Tempered glass

Frame Anodized Aluminum alloy with twin wall profile

Junction Box IP 65/IP 67, 3 bypass diode

Invertors: In this system outdoor type PCU (invertors) technology:

• Enhance power output than conventional inverter – 6-8 %



• Designated to withstand in extreme weather conditions

• Design life of 12-15 years

• Greater than 98.3 % efficiency at peak power

• Harmonics below 1.8 %

• Degree of protection IP 66

• Cooling : Regulated air cooling

• Data logging system allow continuous monitoring of the energy generation

• Able to run in synchronization with Diesel generator in case of grid failure.

Module Mounting Structures Fixed mounting type structures will be provided.

• G.I. sheets that have excellent corrosion resistance.

• Capable of withstand high wind speed upto 150 kmph

Module Mounting Structures 1) Reverse Power Control a. Continuous monitoring of load and taking corrective action on power from

solar power system

b. Ensures that power does not flow into the grid – critical where net metering

is not in yet rolled out

c. Response and corrective action in less than one minute.

d. Maximum power drawn from solar system

e. Consumption from grid can be brought down to as low as 1% of the load.

2.) Real Time Remote Monitoring of system parameters a. Access through internet

b. Graphical presentation

3.) Alerts a. For information

b. For corrective action



4.) Weather Monitoring a. Measurement of radiation, temperature and comparison with generation

b. Available in charts and line diagram

5.) Performance Calculations a. Ready availability for PR (performance ratio), Radiation yield (kWh/m2/day),

PLF (plant loading factor)

6.) Local Storage Continuously storing data will be available on local memory chips or on pen drive for ready reference.

9.2.8 Rain Water Harvesting

The proposed civil enclave is located in medium rainfall area with 667 mm mean

annual rainfall. At the site, static water level is approx. 10 m. Therefore, rainwater

recharge pits are proposed at the proposed civil enclave.

At the proposed civil enclave, rainwater harvesting will be provided as per central

Ground Water board guidelines.

The following precautions will be taken while constructing a recharge well.

• Depth of well will be 3 meter above from ground water aquifers

• There should not be any contaminated

• Recharge well will be properly covered after construction.

• Overflow pipe for the recharge pit will be provided to avoid water logging

around the recharge well in case of overflow.

• The boulder packing should be done by skilled people in order to avoid caving

or collapse of recharge well.

• Sufficient concrete / brick lining should be provided and make sure that water

is not entering into the recharge well from the sides as this may lead to

collapse.



Rain Water Harvesting Calculations: Annual Rain fall : 667 mm

Peak Hourly Rain fall : 45 mm/hr

Static Ground Water Level at the site: 10 m below ground level

Rainwater harvesting calculations for the proposed Civil Enclave are given in Table 9.4. Table 9.4: Rainwater Harvesting Calculations for Proposed Civil Enclave

S. No.

Description of Area

Area (Sq. M)

Runoff coefficient as per CGWA

Peak Hourly

Rain fall mm/hr

Retention time

Capacity of

Recharge tank in 15 min

Total Volume of Water Available for Rain Water Harvesting (cu. m/15 min)

1. Roof Top & Paved Area

39967 0.85 45 15 382.2

2. Open Area 39235 0.30 45 15 223.6

3. Green Area 82673 0.20 45 15 152.1

Grand Total

161875

789

Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design

Particulars Values Unit

Peak hourly rate taken @ 45 mm/hr for 15 min

duration 789 Cum

Volume of recharged Runoff through RWH pit in 15 min 30.625 Cum

No. of recharge pit required 25.8 Nos

Say 26 Nos

Rain water harvesting pit design for the proposed Civil Enclave is shown in Figure

9.3.



9.2.9 Green Belt and Landscape Plan for proposed Civil Enclave

The proposed Civil Enclave has limitation for green belt /plantation because of

aviation safety and bird hazards. However, to minimize the impact of noise and

vehicular emission during take off and landing of aircraft, green belt/plantation is

proposed on 82673 sqm area (51.1 %) at the proposed Civil Enclave. Green

belt/plantation in the nearby area will also be carried with the help of local

community involvement. Large canopy trees and fast growing small trees of

indigenous species will be selected for plantation. It is proposed to plant 4000

trees sapling at the proposed Civil Enclave. Landscaping plan for proposed Civil

Enclave is given in Figure 9.4.

Only indigenous trees will be planted as a part of green belt/plantation. Based on

ecology studies, important indigenous trees species for green belt/plantation are

as given in Table 9.5 and Table 9.6:

Table 9.5: The List of Trees for Green Belt/Plantation

Sn Botanical Name Common Name

1. Azadirachta Indica Neem

2. Bauhinia varegata Kachnar

3. Cassia Fistula Amaltas

4. Cordia dichotoma Lasora

5. Dalbergia Sissoo Shisham

6. Holoptelia integrifolia Papri

7. Polyalthia longifolia Ashok

8. Pongamia glabra Karanj

9. Terminalia arjuna Arjuna

Table 9.6: The List of Shrubs Landscaping

Sn Botanical Name of Shrubs (Multi branch and Good Foliage)

1. Allamanda Cathartica 2. Acalypha Wilkinseana 3. Bismarkia (0.45 Stem height) 4. Magnolia champaca 5. Calliandra Breviceps 6. Cycas Revoluta (0.40 Stem height) 7. Crytostachys Renda 8. Ficus Panda



9. Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis 10. Hibiscus Snowflake 11. Ixora 12. Jasminum grandiflorum 13. Latania Rubra 14. Morraya Exotica 15. Nerium Oleander 16. Schleichera oleosa 17. Tecoma Gaudichaudi 18. Tabermontana Coronaria



Figure 9.3: Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design for Proposed Civil Enclave



Figure 9.4: Green Belt and Landscaping Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave



9.2.10 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment

During the construction phase of the proposed Civil Enclave, about 80 to 100

skilled, semiskilled and unskilled workers will get direct employment opportunities,

which will have beneficial impact on the socio-economic conditions of the area.

The following suggestions are given below to strengthen the beneficial impacts:

• Local people will be given preference for employment,

• All the applicable guidelines under relevant acts and rules related to labour

welfare and safety shall be implemented during the construction work

activities,

• Proper sanitary and drinking water facilities will be provided to workers living

in the construction camps within the premises of the proposed Civil Enclave,

• Worker engaged in high noise construction machines shall be provided with

ear-muff and ear plugs,

• Helmets will be provided to the workers engaged in the construction activities,

• Safety belts will be provided to the workers engaged in the construction

activities at heights,

• Safety slogan and warning board about the safety will be displayed at the

strategic locations of construction areas.

Construction Camps

The mitigation measures for construction camps are as given below:

▪ Water supply and toilet facilities at construction camps will be provided to the

workers,

▪ Domestic waste generated at the construction camp will be disposed properly.

9.2.11Fire Protection Measures

At the proposed Civil Enclave, the following fire fighting facilities will be provided:

• Fire Alarm and Detection System

• Fire Fighting and Sprinkler System



At the proposed Civil Enclave, the necessary fire fighting systems will be provided

as per statutory requirements.

9.3 Environmental Management Plan

The Airports Authority of India (AAI) will be responsible for the implementation of

mitigation measures suggested in EMP for construction and operation phases of

the proposed Civil Enclave. Environmental Management Plan for the proposed Civil

Enclave is presented in Table 9.7.

9.3.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC)

An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be headed by Assistant General

Manager supported by adequate number of personnel having sufficient educational

and professional qualification and experience to discharge responsibilities related

to environmental management including statutory compliance, pollution

prevention, environmental monitoring, preventive maintenance of pollution control

equipment and green belt development & maintenance. Organogram for

Environmental Management Cell is given Figure 9.4.

Environmental Management cell will implement and review the compliance of the

stipulated conditions specified in Environmental Clearance and Consent for

Establishment. The cell will be responsible to obtain Consent to Establish (CTE)

and Consent for Operate (CTO) under Water Act and Air Act from PPCB.



Assistant General Manager (EMC)

Deputy Manager

(Utility)

STP Technician

Deputy Manager

(Environment)

Technician Environmental

Figure 9.5: Organogram for Environmental Management Cell



Figure 9.4: Landscaping Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave



9.3.2 Training

The environmental management cell of AAI would responsible for the

implementation of mitigation measures described in the EMP. Personnel working

at the site need to be trained for the effective implementation of the environmental

issues. To ensure the success of the implementation of mitigation measures, there

is a high requirement of training and skill up-gradation of personnel.

As part of the construction and operation, training programs have been worked

out for capacity building needs of the personnel. The program consists of number

of training modules specific to target groups. The training would cover the basic

principles and postulates of environmental assessment.

Looking into the potential requirements of each of the target groups, the following

training modules have been suggested for construction and operation phases as

part of the EMP.

For Construction Phase:

Module I : Environmental Overview

Module II : Environmental Regulations and Acts Relevant to Construction

Activities

Module III : Environmental Impact Assessment During Construction at Airport

Module IV : Environmental Sound Construction Management at Airport

For Operation Phase:

Module I : Airports and Environmental Issues

Module II : Environmental Regulations and Acts Relevant to Operation of

Airport

Module III : Source of Pollution at Airport

Module IV : Environmental Impact Assessment during Operation of Airport

Module V : Environmental Management Plan for Airport

Module VI : Noise Mitigation at Airport

Module VII : Planning of environmentally Sustainable Operation of Airport

Module VIII : Long Term Environmental Issues in Airports Management



Table 9.7 : Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur

S. No.

Environmental Aspect/Issue

Management Measures Responsibility

Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

I. Construction Stage

Activities to be carried out by the Contractor.

C.1 Site Clearance

C.1.1 Filling by Earth For leveling of land at proposed Civil Enclave, minimum

cutting and filling will be ensured. Simultaneous to

filling compaction and water sprinkling will be carried to

suppress dust emissions.

Contractor EMC of AAI

C.1.3 Construction Wastes

Disposal

The pre-identified disposal locations will be a part of

comprehensive waste disposal and solid waste

management plan to be prepared by the Contractor in

consultation AAI.

Contractor will ensure that any spoils of material

unsuitable for fill will not be disposed off near any water

course, agricultural land, and natural habitat like grass

lands or pastures.

All waste materials will be completely disposed and the

site will be fully cleaned and certified by Environmental

Expert of AAI.


C.1.4

Stripping, stocking

and preservation of

top soil

The top soil from all areas to be permanently covered

will be stripped to a specified depth of 150 mm and

stored in stockpiles. A portion of the area at the

proposed civil enclave will be earmarked for storing

topsoil. The locations for stock piling will be pre-

identified in consultation and with approval of




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

Environmental Expert of AAI. The following

precautionary measures will be taken to preserve them

till they are used:

(a) Stockpile will be designed such that the slope does

not exceed 1:2 (vertical to horizontal), and height of the

pile is restricted to 2 m. To retain soil and to allow

percolation of water, the edges of the pile will be

protected by silt fencing.

(b) Stockpiles will not be surcharged or otherwise

loaded and multiple handling will be kept to a minimum

to ensure that no compaction will occur. The stockpiles

shall be covered with gunny bags or vegetation.

(c) It will be ensured by the contractor that the top soil

will not be unnecessarily trafficked either before

stripping or when in stockpiles.

Such stockpiled topsoil will be utilized for covering all

disturbed areas including borrow areas top dressing or

filling up of plantation and landscaping area.

C.1.5 Accessibility

The contractor will take care that vehicles brining man

and materials approaching to the site, are not disturbing

local road and public access.


C.2 Procurement of Construction Materials

C.2.1 Earth for Construction

Filling

During dry seasons frequency of water sprinkling will be

increased in the settlement areas and Environmental

Expert of AAI will decide the numbers of sprinkling

depending on the local requirements.




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

C.2.2 Quarry Operations

The contractor shall procure aggregate materials from

approved quarries by the Department of Geology Mining

and District Administration and having valid consent of

operated from PPCB and environmental clearance from

DEIAA.


C.2.3

Transporting

Construction

Materials and Haul

Road Management

Contractor will maintain all roads, which are used for

transporting construction materials, equipment and

machineries as précised. All vehicles delivering fine

materials to the site will be covered to avoid spillage of

materials.

All existing roads used by vehicles of the contractor or

any of his sub-contractor or suppliers of materials, will

be kept clear of all dust/mud or other extraneous

materials dropped by such vehicles.

Contractor will arrange for regular water sprinkling as

necessary for dust suppression of all such surfaces.

The unloading of materials at construction site in/close

to settlements will be restricted to daytime only.


C.2.4 Construction Water

The contractor will source the requirement of water

preferentially from ground water from bore well to be

drilled after obtaining permission from competent

authority. A copy of the permission will be submitted to

AAI prior to initiation of construction.

Contractor/AAI EMC of AAI



S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

The contractor will take all precaution to minimize the

wastage of water in the construction phase of proposed

civil enclave.

C.3 Construction Work

C.3.1 Drainage and Flood

Control

Contractor will ensure that no construction materials

like earth, stone, or appendage disposed off so as not

to block the flow of water in natural drainage.


C.4 Pollution

C.4.1 Water Pollution

C.4.1.1 Water Pollution from

Construction Wastes

The Contractor will take all precautionary measures to

prevent the wastewater generated during construction

from entering into streams or water bodies.

All waste arising from the proposed Civil Enclave site

will be disposed off in the manner that is acceptable to

the Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB).


C.4.1.2 Water Pollution from

Fuel and Lubricants

The contractor will ensure that all construction vehicle

parking location, fuel/lubricants storage sites, vehicle,

machineries and equipment maintenance and refuelling

sites will be located as per approved construction site

layout plan.

Contractor will ensure that all vehicle/machineries and

equipment operation, maintenance and refuelling will

be carried out in such a fashion that spillage of fuels

and lubricants does not contaminate the ground. Oil




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

interceptors will be provided for vehicle parking, wash

down and refuelling areas as per the design provided.

Contractor will arrange for collection, storing and

disposal of oily wastes to the pre-identified disposal

sites. All spills and collected petroleum products will be

disposed off in accordance with MoEF&CC and PPCB

guidelines.

C.4.2 Air Pollution

C.4.2.1 Dust Pollution

The contractor will take every precaution to reduce the

level of dust from construction sites involving earthwork

by sprinkling of water, encapsulation of dust source and

by erection of screen/barriers.

Alternatively, only crushers licensed by the PPCB shall

be used to procure materials.


C.4.2.2

Emission from

Construction Vehicles,

Equipment and

Machineries

Contractor will ensure that all vehicles, equipment and

machineries used for construction are regularly

maintained and confirm that pollution emissions levels

comply with the relevant requirements.

The Contractor will submit PUC certificates for all

vehicles/equipment/machineries used for the project.

Monitoring results will also be submitted to AAI as per

the monitoring plan.


C.4.3 Noise Pollution



S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

C.4.3.1

Noise Pollution: Noise

from Vehicles, Plants

and Equipment

The contractor will confirm the following:

• All plants and equipment used in construction shall

strictly conform to the MoEF&CC/CPCB/PPCB noise

standards.

• All vehicles and equipment used in construction will

be fitted with exhaust silencers.

• Servicing of all construction vehicles and

machineries will be done regularly and during

routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of

exhaust silencers will be checked and if found

defective will be replaced.

• Limits for construction equipment used in the

project such as compactors, rollers, front loaders,

concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and

saws shall not exceed 75 dB (A) (measured at one

meter from the edge of equipment in the free field),

as specified in the Environment (Protection) rules,

1986.

• Monitoring shall be carried out at the construction

sites as per the monitoring schedule and results will

be submitted AAI.


C.5 Safety

C.5.1 Personal Safety

Measures for Labour

The contractor will provide:

• Protective footwear and protective goggles to all

workers employed on mixing asphalt materials,

cement, concrete etc.




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

• Welder's protective eye-shields to workers who are

engaged in welding works

• Earplugs to workers exposed to loud noise, and

workers working in crushing, compaction, or

concrete mixing operation.

• Adequate safety measures for workers during

handling of materials at site are taken up.

• The contractor will comply with all regulations

regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working

platforms, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe

means of entry and egress.

• The contractor will make sure that during the

construction work all relevant provisions of the

Factories Act, 1948 and the Building and other

Construction Workers (regulation of Employment

and Conditions of Services) Act, 1996 are adhered

to.

• The Contractor will mark ‘hard hat’ and ‘no smoking’

and other ‘high risk’ areas and enforce non-

compliance of use of PPE with zero tolerance.

C.5.3 Risk from Electrical

Equipment(s)

The contractor will take all required precautions to

prevent danger from electrical equipment and ensure

that:

• No material will be so stacked or placed as to cause

danger or inconvenience to any person or the public.

• All necessary fencing and lights will be provided to

protect the public in construction zones.




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

• All machines to be used in the construction will

conform to the relevant Indian Standards (IS) codes,

will be free from patent defect, will be kept in good

working order, will be regularly inspected and

properly maintained as per IS provision.

C.5.4 Risk Force Measure

The contractor will take all reasonable precautions to

prevent danger to the workers and public from fire, etc.

resulting due to construction activities.

The contractor will make required arrangements so that

in case of any mishap all necessary steps can be taken

for prompt first aid treatment. Construction Safety Plan

prepared by the Contractor will identify necessary

actions in the event of an emergency.


C.5.5 First Aid

The contractor will arrange for :

• a readily available first aid unit including an

adequate supply of sterilized dressing materials and

appliances as per the Factories Rules in every work

zone

• availability of suitable transport at all times to take

injured or sick person(s) to the nearest hospital

• Equipment and trained nursing staff at construction

camp.


C.5.6 Informatory Signs

and Hoardings

The contractor will provide, erect and maintain

informatory/safety signs, hoardings written in English

and Bengali language, wherever required at the

construction site.




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

C.6 Archaeological Property

C.6.1

Chance Found

Archaeological

Property

All fossils, coins, articles of value of antiquity, structures

and other remains or things of geological or

archaeological interest discovered on the site shall be

the property of the Government and shall be dealt with

as per provisions of the relevant legislation.

The contractor will take reasonable precautions to

prevent his workmen or any other persons from

removing and damaging any such article or thing. He

will, immediately upon discovery thereof and before

removal acquaint the Environmental Expert of AAI of

such discovery and carry out the instructions for dealing

with the same, waiting which all work shall be stopped.

The AAI will seek direction from the Archaeological

Survey of India (ASI) before instructing the Contractor

to recommence the work in the site.


C.7 Labor Camp Management

C.7.1 Accommodation

Contractor will follow all relevant provisions of the the

Building and the other Construction Workers

(Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service)

Act, 1996 for construction and maintenance of labour

camp.

The contractor will maintain necessary living

accommodation and ancillary facilities in functional and

hygienic manner at the construction site.




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

C.7.2 Potable Water

The contractor will construct and maintain labour

accommodation in such a fashion that uncontaminated

water is available for drinking, cooking and washing.

The Contractor will also provide potable water facilities

within the precincts of workplace in an accessible place,

as per standards set by the Building and other

Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and

Conditions of Service) Act, 1996.

The contractor will also guarantee the following:

a) Supply of sufficient quantity of potable water (as per

IS) in workplace/labor camp site at suitable and

easily accessible places and regular maintenance of

such facilities.

b) If any water storage tank is provided that will be

kept such that the bottom of the tank at least 1mt.

from the surrounding ground level.

c) Testing of water will be done every month as per

parameters prescribed in IS 10500:2012.

Environmental Expert of AAI will be required to inspect

the labour camp once in a week to ensure the

compliance of the EMP.


C.7.3 Sanitation and

Sewage System

The contractor will ensure that :

• the sewage system for the camp are designed, built

and operated in such a fashion that no health




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

hazards occurs and no pollution to the air, ground

water or adjacent water courses take place

• separate toilets/bathrooms, wherever required,

screened from those from men (marked in

vernacular) are to be provided for women

• adequate water supply is to be provided in all toilets

and urinals

• all toilets in workplaces are with dry-earth system

(receptacles) which are to be cleaned and kept in a

strict sanitary condition

• night soil is to be disposed off by putting layer of it

at the bottom of a permanent tank prepared for the

purpose and covered with 15 cm. layer of waste or

refuse and then covered with a layer of earth for a

fortnight.

C.7.4 Waste Disposal

The contractor will provide garbage bins in the camps

and ensure that these are regularly emptied and

disposed off in a hygienic manner as per the Solid Waste

Management practices.


C.8 Contractor’s Demobilization

C.8.1

Clean-up Operations,

Restoration and

Rehabilitation

Contractor will prepare site restoration plan. The clean-

up and restoration operations are to be implemented by

the contractor prior to demobilization. The contractor

will clear all temporary structures; dispose all garbage,

night soils and POL wastes as per Waste Management

practices.




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

All construction zones will be left clean and tidy, at the

contractor's expense, to the entire satisfaction to the

Environmental Expert of AAI.

II Operation Stage

O. 1 Air Pollution

Compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO

during operation of aircraft by preventive maintenance

and monitoring. Stack heights of DG sets will be

provided as per the CPCB guidelines. Proper traffic

management will be prepared to ensue that there is no

traffic congestion at proposed civil enclave. It will help

in reduction of vehicular emissions from the proposed

civil enclave. Vehicles at the proposed civil enclave will

be maintained and will have a “Pollution Under Control”

certificate. Development of greenery and landscaping at

the proposed civil enclave will be helpful in improving

ambient air quality. Monitoring of ambient air quality/

source emission will be carried out as per monitoring

plan.

Airport Operator EMC of AAI

O. 2 Water Pollution

Continuous efforts will be made to reduce water

consumption using less water required cisterns. Pour

flush toilets are used at proposed civil enclave, which

require (much) less water. Efforts will be made to stop

wastage and leakage of water. Reused treated waste

water for greenery and landscaping at the proposed

Civil Enclave. Provision has been made for rain water

harvesting through rain water collection tanks.

Collection of waste water and treatment of waste water

in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Regular testing and




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

analysis of treated waste from STP to ensure

effectiveness of operation of STP and compliance of

discharge standards.

O. 3 Soil

Approx. 130 kg per day solid waste is generated from

proposed Civil Enclave, which is collected, segregated

and handed over to external agency for disposal as per

Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016. Municipal waste

collection bins will be placed at strategic locations in the

proposed civil enclave. It is ensured that agency hired

for disposal of solid wastes is disposing solid waste as

per the provisions of the Solid Waste Management Rule,

2016. Solid waste generated from the proposed civil

enclave is transported in close containers. Used

lubricating waste oil and oil contaminated cloths etc are

collected separately in containers and are sold to

authorized recyclers as per PPCB guidelines.


O. 4 Noise Pollution

All standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation

of aircraft by preventive maintenance and monitoring

are complied. Proper traffic management plan is

prepared to ensue that there is no traffic congestion at

proposed civil enclave. It helps in reduction of vehicular

emissions from the proposed civil enclave. DG sets is

provided with acoustic enclosure as per PPCB

guidelines. Terminal building is sound proof. Ground

staff wears earplug while attending the aircraft. Green

belt, landscaping and boundary at the proposed civil

enclave act as barrier for noise. Monitoring of ambient




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

air quality/ source emission will be carried out as per

monitoring plan.

O. 5 Energy Conservation

Use of Energy Efficient building material & glass. LED

lamps are used instead of GLS lamps. Energy efficient

HVAC system are provided. Solar passive techniques

are used for terminal building, star BEE energy

efficiency rating electrical equipment will be installed at

the proposed Civil Enclave.

Microprocessor-based Building Management System

(BMS) will be installed for minimization of energy

consumption. Automatic lighting on/ off control system

will be provided in the proposed civil enclave area for

optimum utilization of energy.


O. 6 Terrestrial Ecology Landscaping/ greenery will be developed at the the

proposed civil enclave. Airport Operator EMC of AAI

O. 7 Traffic Management

All vehicles will be parked at designated parking area

only. Road crossings are well marked, signalled and

informatory and warning signages will be retro

reflective type provided, clearly visible in the night.

Marshals are also deployed to guide the vehicles and

stop vehicles


O. 8 Occupational Hazards

and Safety

General Safety Measures

Electrical equipment are grounded, well insulated and

conform to applicable codes. Employees are provided

with hard hats, safety boots, eye and ear protection and

snug fitting gloves, as appropriate.




S. No.



Construction

Agency

Supervision/

Monitoring

General Health Measures

Necessary control measure like ear muff and ear plug,

high visible vest with refractive tape are provided to

ground staffs at the proposed civil enclave. Personnel

required to work in areas of high temperature are

allowed to take frequent breaks away from these areas.

Pre-employment and periodic audiometric medical

examinations are conducted for personnel potentially

exposed to high noise areas.



9.3.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism

In order to ensure that grievances and complaints by local people on any aspect of

the environmental and social impacts during construction and operation phases of

the proposed project will be addressed in a timely and satisfactory manner and that

all possible avenues will be available to resolve their grievances (if any),

mechanisms for Grievances Redressal will be setup. Environmental Management

Cell will also work as Grievances Redressal Cell (GRC).

Any complaint received from local area regarding environmental and social issues

will be forwarded to General Manager (EMC), who will promptly take decision and

give instructions to implement necessary measures to resolve the complaints or

grievances. To ensure effectiveness of mitigation measures monitoring will be

done regularly.

9.3.4 Reporting and Monitoring System

Reporting system provides the necessary feedback for project management to

ensure quality of the work and that the programs are on schedule. The rationale

for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the mitigation

measures proposed as part of the Environmental Management and Action Plan

gets implemented during construction and operation phase of the proposed Civil

Enclave.

The reporting system will operate linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest

step of the implementation system to the project management and will report to

AAI.

The monitoring and evaluation are critical activities in implementation of the

project. Environmental monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether

activities are going according to the plans. It provides necessary feedback for

management to keep the program on schedules.

For the project all reporting by the contractor will be on weekly basis. The AAI



environmental cell will be responsible for preparing targets for each of the

identified EMAP activities.

The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental

components may be clubbed together and submitted to the AAI monthly during

the each phase of implementation period. At the end of implementation, monthly

progress report on environmental issues may be discontinued.

During the construction period, a compliance report may include description of the

items of EMAP, which were not complied by any of the responsible agencies. It

would also report the management and field actions taken to enforce compliance.

It may however, be noted that certain items of the EMAP might not be possibly

complied with in the field due to a variety of reasons. The intention of the

compliance report is not to suppress these issues but to bring out the

circumstances and reasons for which compliance was not possible. This would help

in rationalizing the implementation of the EMAP during the remaining duration of

implementation. Solutions for further effective implementation should also come

out as a result of the compliance monitoring reports.

Photographic records will also be established to provide useful environmental

monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal contract monitoring.

Reporting and Monitoring Systems for various stages of construction and related

activities will be proposed to ensure timely and effective implementation of the

EMAP.

The reporting by the contractor will be a monthly report like report of progress on

construction and will form basis for monitoring.

• Monitoring of facilities at construction camps

• Monitoring of air, noise, soil and water parameters

• Monitoring of survival of plantation

• Monitoring of cleaning of drains



9.4 Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives

Under Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) as specified under Ministry of

Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC) Office Memorandum vide

F.NO. 22-65/2017-IA-III dated 1st May 2018, AAI has allocated budget of Rs 1.6

Crores (more than 1.5 % of total project cost for green field) for Corporate

Environmental Responsibility Initiatives for surrounding areas of the proposed Civil

Enclave. The proposed activities under CER will be undertaken in consultation

District Collector.

Sr.

No.

CER Activities Target Year Approx. Amount

(Rs. Lakhs)

1. Skill Development Program in

Dumunda, Kandola, Daroli Kalan,

Daroli Khurd, Adampur

2019-2020 30

2. Computers and Digital class rooms

for Schools in Dumunda, Kandola,

Daroli Kalan, Daroli Khurd,

Adampur

2020-2021 50

3. Solid Waste Collection Pits in

Dumunda, Kandola, Daroli Kalan,

Daroli Khurd, Adampur

2021-2022 15

5. Community Toilets in Adampur,

Dumunda, Kandola

2022-2023 40

6. Solor Lightings in Dumunda,

Kandola, Daroli Kalan, Daroli Khurd,

Adampur

2022-2023 25

Total 160

Above Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives works will be undertaken

in consultation with District Collector. Therefore, Corporate Environmental

Responsibility Initiatives activities may be changed as desired by District Collector

and local people’s needs and priority at that time.



9.5 Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

For implementation of EMP during construction and operation phase of the

proposed Civil Enclave, budget for implementation of mitigation measures and

environmental management plan to mitigate the potential adverse impacts Aare

summarized in Table 9.8. Total budget of Rs 1.26 Crores has been kept for

implementation of environmental management plan during construction and

operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave. Recurring Cost of Rs 0.21 Crores

per annum has been kept for EMP implementation. Estimated budget for

environmental monitoring plan is given in Table 6.3 in Chapter 6. Total budget of

Rs 0.092 Crore (refer Chapter 6) has been kept for environmental monitoring

during construction and operation phases. Therefore, total budget for

implementation of EMP and environmental monitoring at the proposed Civil

Enclave at Adampur is estimated as Rs 1.35 Crores.



Table 9.8: Budget for Implementation of Environmental Management Plan

Components Stage Items Total Cost (Rs) Recurring Cost per

Annum (Rs)

Air Construction Dust Management with Sprinkling of

Water 200000

200000

Covers for Vehicles Transporting,

Construction Materials 30000

10000

Shed for de-dusting of cements bags 75000 0

Water Construction

Sanitary Facilities for Construction

Workers 200000

50000

Operation

Oil & Grease Traps 30000 20000

Storm Water Management 5000000 500000

Operation of STP 1500000 300000

Construction

Safety

Construction Facilities to Workers 200000 100000

Soil Construction Preservation of top soils 80000 0

Cement Flooring at Fuel Storage

Yard 10000

0

Waste

Management Construction

Bins for collection of waste from

sites 500000

100000

Operation Waste Collection and Segregation 400000 100000

Operation Rainwater Harvesting 3000000 300000

Noise Construction Ear Plugs and Muff 20000 2000

Operation Ear Plugs and Muff 30000 3000

Construction Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 200000 30000



Components Stage Items Total Cost (Rs) Recurring Cost per

Annum (Rs)

Occupational

Health &

Safety

First Aide and Medical Check up

100000

30000

Landscaping Operation Landscaping within proposed civil

enclave and Green Belt/plantation at

the Civil Enclave

1000000

300000

Total 12575000 2045000

Say Rs 1.26 Crores Rs 0.21 Crores

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Summary And Conclusions


Chapter 10

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

10.1 Introduction



and Nakodar. Its population is well over 40 Lakhs. Doaba region is the richest and

biggest contributor to the manufacturing hub of sports goods, hand tools, valves,

casting and has lately transformed into educational & medical hub generating

medical tourism. Doaba Jalandhar Region is most NRI concentrated region with

maximum numbers of its people settled abroad and needs improved air

connectivity in the region.

In view to provide air connectivity in the region, a MOU has been signed between

Govt. of Punjab, Civil Aviation Department and Airports Authority of India for

development and operationalization of civil enclave adjacent to Adampur Airforce

Station.

The proposal for grant of Terms of Reference (ToR) for establishment of Civil

Enclave at Adampur, Jalandhar District in Punjab State by M/s Airports Authority

of India, was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra-2) in its

meetings held on 30-31, 2017 and TOR was finalized vide letter no. F. No. 10-

61/2017-IA-Ill dated 7th December, 2017.

10.2 Description of Project

10.2.1Importance of the Proposed Civil Enclave

Doaba Jalandhar Region covers major cities of Punjab like Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur,

Kapurthala, Nawashahar, Sultanpur Lodi, Dasua, Phagwara, Banga and Nakodar.

Its population is well over 40 Lakhs. Doaba region is the richest and biggest

contributor to the manufacturing hub of sports goods, hand tools, valves, casting

and has lately transformed into educational & medical hub generating medical

tourism. Doaba Jalandhar Region is most NRI concentrated region with maximum

number of its people settled abroad and needs improved air connectivity.



10.2.2 Broad Scope for Proposed Civil Enclave

The scope of work for the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur is given below:

• Construction of Apron of dimension 120 m x 112 m, suitable for the parking of

2 nos. of AB 320 type of aircraft in power in/power out configuration with 3.5

m wide shoulders all around the apron along suitable GSE area of dimension

30m x 50 m.

• Construction of linked taxi track dimension of 115 m x 18 m with 3.5 m

shoulders on either side of the taxi track.

• Terminal Building covering 5000 sqm area will be constructed through pre-

engineered/pre-fabricated structure for 300 peak Hour Passengers (150 Arrival

+ 150 Departure)

• Car parking for 300 cars will be located on 11000 sqm area.

• Construction of perimeter road of 3.5 m width all along the boundary wall inside

operation area.

• Horticulture and gardening works on city and airside of terminal building.

• Provision of water storage and water supply scheme and rain water harvesting

system

• Storm water drains will be provided to operational/non-operational areas.

• Provision of sewage disposal system and garbage disposal system

The proposed terminal building will necessarily achieve 4 stars GRIHA Rating. Land for Proposed Civil Enclave - For proposed civil enclave, total 40 Acres

land has been transferred by Government of Punjab. The current land use of civil

enclave is agriculture and fellow land and same will be permanently changed for

development of civil enclave. The land for proposed civil enclave is free from all

encumbrances.

Total power requirement is estimated as 175 kW for the proposed terminal building

and other facilities at the proposed civil enclave at Adampur. During operation

phase, one DG set of 150 kVA capacity and one standby fitted with acoustic

enclosure will be installed for emergency power generation during grid power

failure.



HVAC System requirement at the proposed terminal building at the proposed civil

enclave is estimated as 125 TR. To meet the air conditioning requirement, two

screw chilling tower unit of 125 TR will be installed.

Total water requirement is estimated as 80 kl per day. Water requirement will be

met through tube well which will be drilled at the site after obtaining necessary

permission from competent Authority. The water requirement for landscaping will

be met through reuse of treated waste water from STP. There will be zero

discharge of treated waste water outside the proposed civil enclave.

Approx. 130 kg per day solid wastes comprising paper, plastic, etc. will be

generated from the proposed Civil Enclave, which will be disposed as per Solid

Waste Management Rule 2016.

10.3 Description of Environment

Topography and Physiography: The area is part of Bist Doab tract, which is

inter alluvial plain between Beas and Satluj River. Physiographically, the study area

is almost an open plain.

Geology: Geologically, the area is underlain by sub- recent to Quaternary alluvium

comprising sand, gravel, pebbles, kankar and clay.

Soil Characteristics: The area is occupied by two types of soils a) tropical arid

brown and b) arid brown soils. Tropical brown soils are found in major parts of the

area. Soil are loam and clay loam in texture.

Water Resources: There is no perennial river in the study area. Bist Doab Canal,

Jandusingha Distributary, Hirapur Distributary, Other distributaries, Rau Nala are

flowing in the area and natural drains exist, which carry runoff during rains.

Water Quality: Ground water samples were analysed from Damunda (Project

Site), Adampur, Kondola, Darolikhurd, Darolikalan, Ghurial, Pandori Nijjaram and

Hirapur Rorowala. The results of ground water samples were compared to Indian

Standard Specification of drinking water IS: 10500:2012. Most of analysed

parameters meets acceptable limit. The ground water resources in the study area

were found fit for drinking purpose. The surface water quality of Bist Doab Canal



and Jandusingha Distributary is not fit for drinking and require treatment of water

for disinfection.

Micro Meteorology: The maximum ambient temperature recorded near the site

during the study period was 34.2 ˚C, while minimum temperature was recorded

as 2.9 ˚C. Maximum relative humidity recorded near site was 83.5% while

minimum humidity was recorded as 69.8%. Maximum wind speed recorded near

the site was 2.9 kmph while minimum wind speed was recorded as 1.8 kmph.

Mean wind speed during the study period recorded as 2.6 kmph. Pre-dominant

wind direction during day time were recorded from East towards West, while

during night time winds were from West to East.

Ambient Air Quality: Ambient air quality monitoring have been carried out at

eight locations during winter season for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, NH3, O3, C6H6, BaP,

Pb, As, Ni and CO. National ambient air quality standards for industrial, residential,

rural & other areas are met for all monitored parameters at all AAQM locations.

Noise Level: Noise measurements were carried out at 8 locations. Measured day

and time Leq noise levels are within the limit stipulated ambient noise standards.

Biological Environment - There is no wildlife sanctuary, national park or other

protected area within 10 km distance from the proposed Civil Enclave. Within 10

km radius area, no specie of flora and fauna has been categorized as rare,

endangered and threatened (RET) species.

10.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Topography & Physiography: Topography of the area is plain. For construction

of the proposed civil enclave at Adampur, no major cutting and filling will be

required. Earth, if required, will be procured from authorized earth suppliers.

Mitigation Measures

• Land clearing at the site will be kept to the absolute minimum practicable; and

• Construction site would be designed to minimize filling of the earth.



Land Use Pattern: For construction of proposed civil enclave, total 40 Acres land

is required, which has been transferred by State Govt. to AAI. The land use pattern

of the 40 Acres land pattern is currently open land, which will be changed

permanently, however this impact will be localized.

Mitigation Measures

• Land clearing for construction site will be kept to the absolutely minimum

practicable; and

• The filling of soil would be kept minimum;

• Open land at civil enclave will be covered with landscaping and

horticulture/plantation.

Drainage Pattern: At the proposed civil enclave, proper slope and storm water

management system will be provided to maintain natural drainage and runoff

movement at the site and surrounding areas.

Water Resources: During the construction phase of the proposed civil enclave,

approx 10-20 kl/day water will be required depending upon the type of

construction activities. The water requirement will be met through bore well to be

drilled after obtaining permission from competent agency. The construction will

be completed within in approx. 24 months time. The construction water

requirement would be temporary in nature depending nature of construction

activities. Therefore, the impact on the water resources during the construction

phase would be temporary and variable in nature.

Mitigation Measures

• Continuous efforts will be made to optimize/reduce water usage,

• Continuous attempts will be made to avoid wastage and leakage of water,

• Record of water consumption on a daily basis will be maintained,

• Reuse of treated waste water for greenery and landscaping.

Water Quality: Total estimated wastewater generation during the operation

phase is 32 kld, which will be treated in 50 kld capacity Sewage Treatment Plant



(STP). After treatment, treated wastewater will be reused for horticulture

purposes. No wastewater will be discharged outside the civil enclave premises.

Mitigation Measures

• Collection of waste water and treatment of waste water in Sewage Treatment

Plant (STP);

• Avoid spillage of fuel and lube oil and storing them on concrete floor.

• Regular testing and analysis of treated waste water from STP to ensure

effectiveness of STP and compliance of discharge standards.

Soils: Approx. 130 kg per day solid waste will be generated during operation of

the proposed civil enclave, which will be collected, segregated and managed by

external agency for disposal as per Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016. Hence,

the impact on the soil will be insignificant as an organized solid waste collection

and disposal practices will be followed the proposed Civil Enclave.

Mitigation Measures

• Municipal solid waste collection bins will be placed at strategic locations in the

civil enclave;

• Agency will be hired for disposal of solid wastes as per the provisions of the

Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016;

• Solid waste generated from the civil enclave will be transported in close

containers;

• Used lubricating waste oil and oil contaminated clothes etc will be collected

separately in containers and will be sold to authorized recyclers as per

CPCB/PPCB guidelines.

Ambient Air Quality: During the operational phase of the proposed civil enclave,

sources of emissions will be from Aircraft during taxing and at apron, vehicular

emissions from vehicles engaged in ground operations, vehicular emissions from

vehicles coming for drop and pick up of passengers and stack emission from DG

sets operations during grid power failure.



Mitigation Measures

• Compliance of standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of aircrafts

by preventive maintenance and monitoring;

• Stack heights of DG sets will be as per the CPCB guidelines;

• Proper traffic management plan will be prepared to ensure that there is no

traffic congestion in front of proposed terminal building. It will help in reduction

of vehicular emissions from the civil enclave.

• Ground vehicles at the civil enclave will be maintained and will have “Pollution

Under Control” certificates;

• Development of greenery and landscaping at the civil enclave for improving

ambient air quality.

• Monitoring of ambient air quality/ source emissions will be carried out as per

monitoring plan.

Noise Levels: During operation phase of the proposed civil enclave, landing, take-

off and taxing of various types of aircrafts are major sources of air emissions.

Aircraft noise modelling has been carried out using integrated noise model for the


The noise levels from 65-85 dB(A) will be confined within the boundary of the

proposed Civil Enclave. The noise levels of 55 dB(A) cross the boundary and affect

1.1 km2 of area out-side boundary of Civil Enclave. The noise levels of 50 dB(A)

cross the boundary and affect 1.7 km2 of area out-side the boundary of Civil

Enclave. The background noise levels range from 38.1-61.3 dB(A) at nearby

villages/settlements which are located 0.6 km to 6.1 km from boundary of the

proposed Civil Enclave. The impact of noise levels due to the operation of the

proposed Civil Enclave within permissible levels. Further, noise mitigation

measures to be implemented at and around the proposed Civil Enclave will further

reduce the noise levels in nearby settlements.

Mitigation Measures

• The compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of

aircrafts by preventive maintenance and monitoring,



• Proper traffic management plan will be prepared to ensure that there is no

traffic congestion at the civil enclave. It will help in reduction of vehicular noise

emissions from the civil enclave,

• DG sets will be provided with acoustic enclosure as per CPCB guidelines,

• Terminal building will be sound proof,

• Ground staff will wear earplug while attending the aircraft,

• Green belt, landscaping and boundary at the proposed civil enclave will act as

barrier for noise;

• Green belt/plantation in the nearby settlements


monitoring plan.

Terrestrial Ecology: Greenery and landscaping will be developed on 82673 sqm

area (51.1% of total area) at the proposed civil enclave. For irrigation of green

belt, treated waste water from STP will be available and used. This will be positive

and long term beneficial impact on terrestrial ecology of the area.

Mitigation Measures

• Landscaping/ plantation/ greenery will be developed.

• Indigenous species of trees will be planted for green belt and landscaping.

Socio-Economic Environment: The proposed civil enclave will open direct and

indirect job opportunities in the area and region. Further, it will attract more and

more commercial and developmental activities in the area. Therefore, positive

impacts are anticipated on socio-economic environment during construction and

operation phase of the proposed civil enclave.

10.5 Analysis of Alternatives

During design and construction of the proposed civil enclave, alternatives for

energy conservation, GRIHA Rating 4 star terminal building, reuse of treated waste

water from STP, energy efficient materials for terminal building, green belt and

landscaping on 51.1% area have been analyzed and adopted in design.



10.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan

To ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and

environmental management plan proposed civil enclave, environmental monitoring

plan have been prepared for ambient air quality, water quality, soil characteristics

and noise monitoring.

Suitable mitigation measures will be taken in case of monitored parameters are

exceeding the stipulated limits. The estimated budget of Rs 0.092 Crores has been

kept for environmental monitoring during construction and operation phases of


10.7 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

Hazard occurrence at the proposed civil enclave may result in on-site implications,

like, fire at the HSD day tank for DG sets followed by fire, bomb threat at terminal

building, cargo terminal & aircraft and natural calamities like, earthquake, flood,

etc. Other incidents, which can also result in a disaster at the proposed civil enclave

are agitation/forced entry by external group of people, sabotage, air raids; and

aircraft crash while landing or take-off.

Disaster management plan has been prepared comprising key functions of

proposed civil enclave, other supporting organizations/agencies/services for

response during emergency at the proposed civil enclave.

10.8 Project Benefits

The direct and indirect benefits of the proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur are as

follows:

▪ Batter infrastructure facilities for passenger,

▪ Increase in regional economy as it will boost trade and commercial activities in

the region.


region.



▪ Boost in religious tourism and more people to travel in the state

▪ Employment opportunity to people.

▪ More business and industrial opportunities.

10.9 Environmental Management Plan

The Airports Authority of India will be responsible for the implementation of

mitigation measures identified in Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for

construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave. There will be

Environmental Management Cell (EMC) at the proposed civil enclave to look after

day to day basis implementation of mitigation measures for construction and

operation phases.

An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be headed by Assistant General

Manager supported by adequate number of personnel having sufficient educational

and professional qualification and experience to discharge responsibilities related

to environmental management including statutory compliance, pollution

prevention, environmental monitoring, preventive maintenance of pollution control

equipment and green belt development & maintenance.

Environmental Management cell will implement and review the compliance of the

stipulated conditions specified in Environmental Clearance and Consent for

Establish. The cell will be responsible to obtain Consent for Operate under Water

Act and Air Act from PPCB.

In order to ensure that grievances and complaints by local people on any aspect of

the environmental and social impacts during construction and operation phases of

the proposed civil enclave will be addressed in a timely and satisfactory manner

and that all possible avenues will be available to resolve their grievances (if any),

mechanisms for Grievances Redressal will be setup. Environmental Management

Cell will also work as Grievances Redressal Cell (GRC).



Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental

management plan including monitoring, has been kept as Rs 1.35 Crores for the

proposed Civil Enclave for construction and operation phases.

EIA for Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab Disclosure of Consultant Engaged


CHAPTER 11

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

11.1 Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

Airports Authority of India entrusted, M/s ABC Techno Labs India Private

Limited, for carrying out EIA/EMP studies for the Development of Proposed Civil

Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited, an ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS

18001 Certified Company and NABET (QCI) Accredited Environmental

Consultancy Organization. The office of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

is located at Chennai as per details given below:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

#400, 13th Street, SIDCO Industrial Estate (North Phase),

Ambattur, Chennai – 600098

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited is accredited by NABET (QCI)in the

following Sectors:

Sector

Number

Sector Name Category

1. Mining of minerals (Opencast only) A

(i) Mining (Open cast and Underground) B

3 Irrigation projects only A

4 Thermal Power Plant A

8 Metallurgical industries (sec. ferrous only) B

9 Cement Plants A

10 Petroleum refining industry A

15 Leather/skin/hide processing industry A

21

Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye

intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates

excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic

organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals

and

chemical intermediates)

A

22 Distilleries A

24

Pulp & paper industry excluding manufacturing of

paper from wastepaper and manufacture of paper

from ready pulp without bleaching

B



Sector

Number

Sector Name Category

28

Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals

(As per threshold planning quantity indicated in

column 3 of Schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989

amended 2000)

B

29 Airports A

31 Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/

Areas, export processing

zones(EPZs), Special economic zones

(SEZs), Biotech parks, Leather

complexes

B

33 Ports, harbours, jetties, marine terminals, break

waters and dredging

A

34

Highways, Railways, transport terminals, mass rapid

transport systems

A

36 Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) B

37 Common municipal solid waste management facility

(CMSWMF)

B

38 Building and large construction projects including

shopping malls, multiplexes, commercial complexes,

housing estates, hospitals, institutions

B

39 Townships and Area development Projects B

11.2 Expertise of ABC Techno Lab India Private Limited

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited is the first firm to be accredited by

NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education and Training), Quality

Council of India, as an EIA Consultant. We are equipped with in-house, spacious

laboratory, accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing &

Calibration Laboratories), Department of Science & Technology, Government of

India. Since establishment our focus is on sustainable development of Industry

and Environment based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality,

R&D and most important is satisfying customers need. The company has

successfully completed more than 100’s projects of variety of industries, in the

field of pollution control. ABC is also dealing in the projects of waste

minimization and cleaner production technology. Our team of technocrats and

scientists are well experienced to deal with the Designing, Manufacturing,

Fabrication, Installation and Commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater Treatment

Plants, Sewage Treatment Plants, Combined Treatment Plants.



ABC Techno lab own a well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who

are looking after our well-equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including

analysis of physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the

requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and our clients.

11.3 NABET Accredited Environmental Experts Team for EIA Study

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited carried out EIA studies for Development

of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar, Punjab. The

multidisciplinary team comprising NABET accredited experts in the field of land

use, air pollution control, air quality modeling & meteorology, water pollution

control, ecology & bio diversity, noise/ vibration, socio economy, hydrology,

geology, soil conservation, risks & hazard and solid & hazardous wastes

management were deployed as team to carried out EIA studies for

Development of Proposed Civil Enclave at Adampur Air Force Base, Jalandhar,

Punjab. Details of team members with their role and responsibility are given in

Table 11.1:

Table 11.1: NABET Accredited Team for EIA Study

S. No. EIA Coordinator / FAE Name of the Expert/s

I. EIA Coordinator Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

II. Functional Areas

1. AP* Mrs. Vijayalakshmi

2. WP* Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan

3. SHW* Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

4. SE* Mr. Sushil U. Meshram

5. EB* Mr. Abhik Saha

6. HG* Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan

7. SC* Mr. Sameer Despande



S. No. EIA Coordinator / FAE Name of the Expert/s

8. AQ* Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

9. NV* Ms. Vijayalakshmi

10. LU* Mr. J Srinivas Rao

11. RH* Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

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