Circulars, Instruction and Forms, Parts I, II and III

CENSU S \~/1~ 1 ~) 41 -MADl~A. S

CIRCULARS, INSrF.UCTIONS AND FORMS

(PARTS I, II A}~D Il l.)

~lrSulirl ao4 Xnltryst~ • ... _ ... ' >IS:-~ - .----t.:.----- /' .. . r · ~r,. ' ----~~--------~:~:~-~:~~:~---------~-,.----;::::~-~

! -)-------~------~

/ -----------------------~--------------------------------~ (3) (4) ~~--~--~----~-~~~~~-~---~-~~~~------~-~-~-~--~~-~---~~~-~-

1. Circular No.1

2. M .~

3. ft ;~,iJI '1

,'~ ":" , , 4. It

C"; .... .. 6. ff

I. (a) Letter No., Census/4O-:

7. Circular No.7,

I. (.) Letter •• ~i '[ ... ·.'.;1' Census/4~ i

. . ,1 8. C1rculftl' .'.8,1 '.

(a) Press Note,

(b) Letter NO.41 . Cens'Us/40_2~ ,

(e) Lett@r llo.44t Census/40_3, :

9. Circular No.9 ,I (wi th a4dend~ ii

10-2-1940. Changes 1n a!",oQ of taluks. ---

27-2-1940. Census Towns.

2.

~-7

8"- 10 11-4-1940. Special trnc.ts.

15-4-1940.

25-4-1940.

7-5-1940.

23-{,-1940.

Importance of tl;'iely arrangements. 11-13

Enumeration pads-euPI1ly.

Classitic.n.tiort and record of receiI>ts a.nd expenditure. ---

- do -

Age returns - SuCg~st1ons for accurate deterh.1nut1on.

14-'" IfI-19

.1,

31-10-194:0. Local calendar of notable events - .1l.

5-li-1940.

6-6-UMO.

1-(:,-1940. 9-7-l94O}

Use ot.

Gener~l Scheme. _....----_. ____ ' l'l-U

-do- _------.,.------~ .:t~-3f

....0.0-

Formation or CATUroS DfVd.s1ons, eafmuk1ng or statr, etc. ___ ~(,-~~~

(a) Lett"r 1iO.539 Census/40_1,

(b) Letter No.660 Cenhs/4Q-l,

I . 11';';8-1940. Circle SUf.'O rvi sor s. _____ -- 4-'''-'''~

(e) Letter Mo.942 . Census/4()..:; ,

(d) Letter No.62 CensUS/40_9,

ee) Letter No.949 Census/40-1, tI

(t) Letter Ne.606 .Census/40_29 " ,

(,) Letter·No.1466 .... Ceneu,/4<>-1 t "

I "

Town-surveyed 1.I'I\U1Icirall'tie!J. ~ ~- ~ . i

3-8-1940. --- Cio -

29-6-1940.

3-8-194Q.- ?ormi~t1on ot Ce)\sus l)1v18iOtli

• -!

ExplQl1atory/1ns-truet1on~. i---\' ~~

, 19-8-194.0. ..s,,: ,

i i -

: 8-10-1940., ot._~ ~,

~t;~L

. i ~

~-------~-~-~~~~-~~-------~~--~---------~~-~-~~--~~~-~-~~---~~~~~~~~-~~---. . . ~tl). . (2) (3). _ (4) , .,----.. -....... ----.--... ----.. -----~ ... --.. -.......... -..... -.. , .... ----...... -.. -.. -....... ----.... ----... -._ ... ,_.--~ .......

It (Q9nltinued) . {h)~1,etter No.1501

Censua/40';"1,

(i) Letter No.1602 Ceneua/4O-t,

~ •. Circular No.10,

(a) Letter No.847 Cetisus/4o.2,

(b) Letter No.1199 CensWi/49-2 ,

r Ill. Memorandum No.llS? t Census/40-*,

Letter No.1383 Census/tiO-l,

~3. Circular No .11 .•

(a) Letter No.1CSb Census/40-1,

(b) Letter No.1S61 Census/40-l.,

~. Circular No.12,

• Letter. no.luG1 Cenaus/40-7 t

(a) Letter No.loGl, Census/40-15 t

• Letter No.laol CenlJUs/4D-l,

, , .• Letter No.1901 . Census/4Q..l,

• D.O. No.2165 Census/40-4,

dated U::-10-1940. Railway Divisions - ForIdatlon ot.

" It

"

.t

..

tt

..

..

..

,tt

tt

"

14-10-l940. CantolUllents - House __ l_i_s_t_';' __ ~)' _~? ing enumeration.

9-7-1940.

1-8-1940.

[8-9-1940.

~-8-1940 •

3-10-1940.

House Lists - Preparation. _ ,.'1 .. ,,,

Instructions to village . ---~.-----

officers. ------

Paper for rouse Lists -standard of supply. _-._-- I:,q-?l

Miscellaneous instructions on House Lists, ord;.:>rs ot apl~ointmen t of census . il '1~ st.l1rr etc. .---------.

Eousa-numhF;rln~~ c}lf;\l'r;er; - ___ ..."_,, funds for. --- - . - - _, _-

- ~-. -

10-10-1940. Checking of Louse Lists -aevisiop of cl1arg8 lists --House numbering. "19- 8"/.::

~)8-10-19"'10. Charge Llst3 - Custody. _-- i'l.-i3

, -Ft. 16-11.-1940.· Revision or Cbarr,e 1.1;;ts

and issue of orders of &tPPOrintmsnt of census __ ~ ~",,'r . • a f.

31-10-1.940. Manual at_Instructions, iart II, etc.,. distribution. i.~9t

15-11-1940. 311r-pads - Redistribution • ..-..:t~ ~qo

- do - ___ . ~~-.- 'll -q~

16-11-1940. propa.C'looa leaflets -~" ,... - fJistrlbution. ---' ~-'-

~-11-1940. Trftve~U1ng Allowance __ bills - . j. Presentation of. __ . --~' q 5.;"

3O-1f:-1940. Enumerution of Eurol ealis and. Anglo-Indians. - t c

. .

-3-

~ .. ~ ... ~~._---------- .. -~-.. -----.... -... -.. -.......... -.... ---.. ----._--....... -.. --_ .. _ .... --... -_ .. _-_ ......... i~:' ', ... :~ \ . (2) (3) (4) . Jln

j' -.t"'--'--------------·-----------------------------------------.-~-----------,

I '-CirCUlar Letter No.1243 . :.,.",' Cen~us/40-7, dated 2-1-1941. Sea-going vessels - Enumeration. 'lq-Io)..

, 20. Letteir No.2236 3-1-1941. Areas afrected by plague etc. - fD!,-/Dt,. , Census/40-1,

21. Circular No.l3, " 6-1-1941. Provisional totals and custody IO~--I(j of enur.lera,tion pads. -----

22." '14, (with a4dendum dated

::5-1-1941. 30-1-1941) •

Final Note s on the Census. ___ I oq - ~II

23. Circular WemorA.nd1.Ul1

24.

26.

No. 71~-Census/41-1 .. 17-2-1941. Particulars of C}-;arge Lists as finally revised.----------------

Letter No.894 Census/41-~; , .. 19-3-1941 • Rf1cogni tion of f,ood work.

Letter No.111S

Ill-

112>

Census/41-1, " 18-4-1941. Enurner~tion travelling allow-ances. ______ ----- 1J4At )·

26. ManuEll tor Charge SUpe!'1ntendents and Supervisors, Part I. --

27. - Do -

(a~ Englisn 1

-----_._---_._-(b) '1'elueu, ,._____---

(c) Tamil

(d) Kannada - ---- . (e) Malaya1.am ~_

29. Circular Letter ". !~o.

-do- • Part II. _-- "7 ___ "'S"

---~---~-II ef_

_ I.tO

. --,--_ . 11 ,

I ~ 1.

23Q-Census/40-1, dated -4-1940. ~optic essay_

30. the Census in 1941 (General propaganda leaflets)I-

----------

(a) English

(l) !~lugu

--------.-~- -,_ , ___

(c) ·Tamil -,----- --

(cl) Kannada

(.) Il&layalam __ -'- -.- ---- --.. .._ ____ -------__ --.. - 1 IloS'

-r<- ... - ~ 31. Note on the 1941 Census (for Europeans). ------------________ __

, 3~ .• D.O. dated 29th January 1941 to all Collectors - PrE}ss Publicity J- t~3

Ca) Note on the 1941 Census (for .the Press) • .._ ____ ----/3+-.-#~:

... -................... -.. ~ ......... .,_ ....... --.......... '-.. -.. -........ ~.-., .... -.................... .., .. -............ -....... ..,. .... -... ._ ... _.-. ..... --_ ......... .... fJ.),<'ir~'> (2) ., (3) (4)

.... ~'j ~, ••. - .. ~--... ---..... - ......... - ...... ---~------........................ - ................... --........ __._-...... _ ... ---_ _...._ ... - ......... _--. " ,_ fr

fAR t 1:&

% A D,Y' A t I Q I. ~"sna.1atl IPd. 'QI~r\lstlOjlI.

Tabulation or re.ulta.

2. Circular Mo.~ . ~.bulat1on. ' " 19-3-1941" Sorting or results. ---- ,,,.~ .. 'tl 3. ~ t4.q'b()~/4-'-'J ~ ~"'-~-4-' - ·V~t..'Ut(_ ~ -- , ..... ;-f .. Sortlnl Inatruc- ' .

t1onl, "26-3-1941. (wi th list. or achedule4 class.. (!_ ~ _ ~_. ,.. -' _ ~ aDd •• leoted pr1m1t1ve t~1be. and ~~-~ a44.n4um dated Ird April 1941). II •

~ Ilemorand\Uf.l 10 .• 988. Cenaua/41-4b t dated 4-4-1~).41, - 40 - .

(supplementtlr)· 1n.tructions). _ /1,1..

,. Circular MellOr.:n4um 110.1101-C.naua/41-1, '.Ated 10-4-l.941. Paper used for aOJ't1q and i -

allowances to sorting .tafr.~ 1~3-/f,'4-

stora,e ot slip-pads after sort1nc. _ ... -" ...... -

f"~" R tIll

l 0 H M §.

Ca) InRI!tl~'2n Fgrml.

1. C~rcl. (or Charge Abstract For,m. __ ..;..0,.--- lil-/7L_~

2. Inuaerator's Abstract torm. __ --- _______ 11~

8. Sanna4. ______ -------------- ---------.-- ----- 17lt

(b) talmJ.a\1RD 19D1I.

1. rot'll ot sorter'. Ticket tor '.b1. XlII. -----------... y .. ~

2. - Do - Table Xl'l. ------------

3. Porm of tabulation R.g1.ter tor Table III. -----------

17 !1

1'11,

177-/'1ff

,4. 'orm of Compilation a.-Il.,.r tor 'able III (Town. ~- villa._... 179-/fIOl .. _'. el ••• 1f1e4 b7 populat1ot1). ,,'

/f .. 'o:rm ot Compilation Re,1ster tor '.1:>1. XIV (Tribe. and S,_h.dul.4 c •• t.~ . -_ ; /9' I-/f/

~ -. ,:...,,: : ': ,';

.~--~-~-~~-~~~~----~~~~~~~-~-~~~-~~-~-~~--~~~~~~---~-~-~~-~~.-~---~ ~1 ' . " ! " l

# •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• · .. • • • • * .. .. fAn; I .. * • • • • e : iNUMIBAtION. : • • · .. · .. : CIRCULARS ArID INSTRUCTlorfS.· : • • • • * - . - .. \ ......•.....•.................•....•

Frnm

To

Sir,

Office nf the Superintendent of Census Operati()ns, Madras,

Fnrt St. Genrge, dated the lOth February 1940.

D. H. ELWIN, Esq •• O.E.E., I.C.S •• ·Superintendent ()f Census Operatinns,·

M...A...P..JL AS.

All Collectors.

Census, 1941 - Changes in the area of taluks.

~ request that you will be so good as to furnish me at your very early convenience with a statement, in the following form, of the changes, if any, whioh have taken place in the area of the Taluks in your District since the.26th February 1931.

2. If any changes are in contemplation and 'are likely to occur before the 1st Varch 1941. they should be shown in the same form but separately.

3. The p~pulation nf villages transferred from one taluk t~ another can be ascertained from the Village Statistics of 19314

,-----T---------------------~----------------~-----------~--~-~---------, , , 1931. ~ Subsequent : Subsequent ~ PI' e t' : ,I dd . t i . '- e s n. I , I. I a 1 ons. I de duct 1. 0 n;:; _ I t I

: :-----,--------~-~--~--------~----~-------+-----~------~ : : : Area ~ Popu- : Area ~ Popu- Area ~ popu- : Area.: Popu- : No. and : I I I lation. 1 , lation. : lati()n~ ,I lation,,: Date of ~ I 1 1 I' ,.. .. 'Talukl I----.a.--- , ___ J.____ ,_------1 1.-------1 u'.CJ. I I , • t I I I I I I I 1 ... • I , If.'. " I' • I , ,. I san c ~ 1. () n-,

. I , I I (/J ,. I til r • I til I I· I til ling the 'I I I I (J) I(]') I till Q) I{J)IQ)L 1021Q)1 I

1 I Q) I .-I • Q) , r-f I (],) I .-IIi \l.) I .-I I trans fer .1 •• .-lId ...... 1 d I.-Iledl lriledl I I I ~ IS J~I S IdlEI 1"sISI , , t """ I (],) I """ I r~ I ~ I' CD I 1,021 1 ,.~ I t I , II%.. 1 II'<'< I 11%..1 'II=<I I I ,I I I I I I I 1 I , lit .t I I I I If' I I

... _- --"t- -----t--. ---I--- ... ! ... " ... - ..... - -- .... ~- - - ... - - - - .... --- a. ---+ - -- --1- -- -t-- --1------ - --~ . I' I" I r I I I I I f I ,

Sq.M~ : : Sq.M~ : : Sq.M~ : : Sq.M.: :: : I I' , I I I , t I I I I I I I I 1 I I , I I I I t I I I I I I I I til I I I I I I I I 1 I I , I I I I I' I , 1 I I I , I I I

. I , I t I I I I I I I I t I TOTAL ttl' , I , , I I I 1 I t

• I I t I I , " 1 l ' I I ~- ___ ~ _____ j_~.-~ __ ~L ____ ~ ___ 1 ____ L~ ___ l ___ ~ ___ ~ ___ -~ ____ ~ __ J_~ ___ ~ ___ ~

. ,

',1,

I have the honour to be, Sir,

Your most obedient servant,

Sd ~ D. H. _ ELWIN,

Superintendent of Census Operations, Madras 4

"r---'O()QOO()O-----

/True Copy/ . ",uk ~~ MANAGER, CENSUS OFFICE, MADRAS.

202-28-2-40.

"CIRCULAR No.2. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF

CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRA.S,

FORT ST. GEORGE.

FROM

'To

. SIR,

Dated the 27th February 1940.

D. H. ELWIN, ESQ., O.B.E., I.C.S.,

Superintendent ,oj Cen8us Operation8,

MADRAS,

ALL COLLECTORS .

I invite a reference to the list of " census" towns 'Printed in Table V at pages 17 to 24 of Part II, Imperial Tables of Mr. Yeatts' Census Report for 1931, and request you to be so good as to let me know as early as possible whether all the places shown against your djstrict should again be treated as towns in 1941.

I also request information whetber tbere are in your district any other places, which were not treated as towns in 1931, but which have in the past ten years so developerl in urban characteristics as to merit inclusion now in the towns category. In this connexion I enclose for ,your guidance a copy of an unissued letter on this subj~t left as- a sample for me by Mr ~ Yeatts in 1931. The principles explained in that letter shoulg. govern all recommendations for urban classification; but the list of places appended to that letter is not exhaustive.

The information called for herein may kindly be given in the form of a list 'With the grounds for your opinion opposite the name of each place. "Town" has been d~fined as including :-

(1) Every municipality.

(2) All civil lines not included within municipal units.

(3) Every cantonment.

(4) Every other continuous collection of houses inhabited by not less than 5,000 persons which the Provincial Superintendent may decide to treat as a town for census purposes, having regard to the character of the population, the relative density of the dwellings, the importance of the place as a centre ·of trade and its historic asSooiatiotls, and bearing in mind that mere overgrown villages with no urban characteristics should not be treated as towns. In exceptional cases places may be recommended for classification as towns even though their population is slightly below 5,000, provided they have very definite urban qualifications in other respects.

2

For purposes of enumeration each town will be treated as a separate charge,.. and it is therefore necessary that its limits should be precisely defined. Municipalities and Panchayats which have been surveyed as towns will of course present no difficulty; the survey boundaries of the Municipality or Panchayat will be taken as the limit of the charge. But in places which have not been surveyed as towns, though now thought worthy of inclusion as such at the 1941 Census, great care will have to be taken to define the limits of the "charge " precisely. If the boundaries of the town are those of the Revenue village or villages in which it is situated, the name or names of such village or villages. will be a sufficient definition. But if the town limits do not coincide with those of a Revenue village, the boundaries must be described in greater detail-either by natural features, or by the number or name of survey fields, or in some other' distmctive manner.

I would impress upon you the need for particular care in deciding which places should be treated as "towns. " Every census contains a review and comparison of the urban and rural elements of the population; obviously, therefore, every decision to treat an area as a town influences the accuracy and reliability of such reviews or comparisons. The mere fact that a certain place has been constituted a panchayat does not in itself warrant its treatment as a census town; panchayats should not be classed as towns unless they possess. definitely urban characteristics.

I should be glad if you could supply me with information in the form' annexed of any change~ since 1931 in the town areas of your district.

Area in 1931.

Town. Cent

Acre. or Sq.ft.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,


D. H. -ELWIN,

Superintendent of Oensus Operations, JI adraB. "

Subsequent Subsequent Present area. additions. deductions.

Cent Cent Cent Acre. or Acre. or Acre. or

Sq.ft. I Sq.f>, Sq.ft.

,.

. I

3

. Enclosure.

COpy OF LETTEll LEFT :BY MR. YEATTS IN 1931.

1 should be glad of your suggestions on the following point.

2. Ordinarily the population minimum for places treated as towns for the census statistics is 5,000. To qualify for treatment as a town, however, the possession of definite urban characteristics is required. The places mentioned in the enclosed list were not recommended by local officers to be treated as towns at this census.' They now possess however populations exceeding 5,000 or very little below. I 'wish to leave behind me suggestions for my 1941 successor as to possible additions to the list of towns at that census. I should be obliged if you would give me your opinion whether any of these places possess definite urban characteristics and are likely in your opinion to merit treatment as towns in 1941. The unit in question is the true urban aggregation. This may, and frequently does, consist of portions of different revenue villages. Where a definite urban aggngation exists, steps are taken at census time to secure separate enumeration of the urban part regardless of the number of revenue villages which may contribute to it. Thllcs, the possible Chatrapur town contemplated in the list enclosed would consist of Sitaramapalli village and parts of some adjacent ones. Places which are definitely mere overgrown villages should not be considered for town treatment merely on account of a popUlation exceeding 5,000.

Num· ber. (1)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

District.

(2)

Ganjam Plains

Vizagapatam Plains

East Godavari

West Godavari ..

Kistna

Guntur

Nellore

Cuddapah ..

Taluk.

(3)

Chatrapur

Berhampur Chicacole

Tekkali . .

Anakapalle Vizianagram

Amalapuram

Rajahmundry Razole

Bhimavaram

EUore Narsapur Tanuku

Divi

Tenali Bapatla Guntur

Ongole RepalIe

Atmakur Udayagiri

Cuddapah Kamalapuram Rajampet

. ':'-

~'-';'

Place.

(4)

Chatrapur. Purushottapur. Digopohandi. Calingapatam. Amadalavalsa. Varanasi. Kasibugga· Palasa . Mandasa.

Kasimkota. Nellimarla.

Komaragiripatnam. Mummidivaram. Perur. Kottapalle. Manipalle. Razole. B.1>ttapeta.

Gunupudi. Undi. Viravasaramu. AkuVidu. Pulla. Yelamanchili. Velpuru.

Gantasala.

Kattivaram. Chinna Ganjam. Ankireddipalem. Tadikonda. Tanguturu. Nizampatam.*

Atmakur. Udayagiri.

Chennur. Yerraguntla. Koduru.

4,

Num. District. T". Place. ber. (I} (2) (3) (4)

9 Kurnool Pattikonda Pattikonda. Maddikara .

. Dhone Dhone. Kurnool Kodamuru.

Gudur. Markapur Markapur. Cumbum Cumbum. Koilkuntla, Koilkuntla N andikotkur Atmakur.

N andikotkur.

10 Bella.ry . " Sirugu!)pa Tekkalakota.

11 Anantapur .. Gooty Kona Kondla.

12 North Aroot GUdiyattam Darapadavedu. Katpadi.

Walajapet Tiroiri.

13 Salem Krishnagiri Kaveripatnam. Namakkal Paramati. Tiruchengodu Arasiramani.

Idangansalai. Kumarapalaiyam.

14 Coinibatore Avanash! Avanashi. Bhavani Andiyur.

Brahmadesam. Jambai. Kavundappadi. Kurich,chi. Olagadam. Tiruppur.

Coimbatore Kuniyamuttur. Savuripalaiyam. Singanallur~

~~, .. <', TirumalaiyampaIaiyam. Vellalur.

Dharapuram Kangayam. KuIattupaIaiyam. Mulanur. N andavanampaIaiyam. Vellakovil.

Erode Perundura;i. Gobichettipalaiyam Nambiyur.

Siruvalur. Palladam Sulur. Pollachi •• Vettaigarampudur.

15 South Aroot Tirukkoyilur Sendamangalam. Villupuram Kottaikuppam.

16 Tanjore Kumbakonam Maruttuvakkudi.

17 Trichinopoly Musiri Musiri. Perambalur Arumbavaur. U daiyarpalaiyam Vilandai.

18 Madura Dindigul Attur. Tadikombu. Vedasandur·.

Periyakulam Milmangalam. Pannaippuram. Tamaraikkulam. Tirumarasanayakanur. Ammapatti.

Num. her. (1)

19

20

21

22

23

District

(2)

Ramnad

Tinnevelly ..

Nilgiris

Malabar

South Kanara

, .-.

5

Taluk.

(3)

Srivilliputtur

Nanguneri

Srivaikuntam

Tenkasi ..

Tiruchendur

Coonoor

Call cut Chirakkal

Ernad

Palghat •.

Pormani ..

. .

Kottayam Kurumbranad •.

Kasaragod

Udipi - !'

. .

Place.

(4)

Sundarapandiyam. Nattampatti.

Tisaiyanvilai. Rayagiri. Serundamangalam. Viswanathapperi. Parakramapandi. Sawyerpuram. Kilappavur. Vadagarai Kil Pidagai. Chokkampatti. Paramankurichchi.

Ketti.

Chevayur. Allkkod. Payyanur. Kunnimangalam. Feroke. Kondotti. Manjeri. Nilambur. Tirurangadi. Parappangadi. Alattur . Kunisseri. Kotuvayur. Putusseri. Chavakkad. Tirur. Kuttuparamba. Parntalayini. Quiland.

Cherivattur. Nileshwar. Pallikara. Trikaripur. Malpe.

* (P. 3.) N:iza.mpatam was recommended by the district officers for exclusion from the list. Its population has however attained over 6,000 and despite its declining importance it may possibly still be considered. It haa old historic importance.

The inclusion of Kiranur and Alangudi in Pudukottai was at the special request of the State authorities. Their inclusion next time should depend upon a careful sorutiny of their size and urban oharacteristios.

The retention of Rajampet in Cuddapah should be oonsidered. Probably,.however, the low 1931 population is not representative.

7

Circular No.3. OFFICE OF THE SUPbRINTEND~NT OF CENSUS OP ERATI~:mS, MADRf\_S ~

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the ~lth April .1940.

D. H. EVNIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S.,

Superintendent of Census Operations,

M~DRAS,

The Collector of

I have the honour to invite a reference to Mr. Yeatts'

letter to Govermne:''1t, dated the 26th September 1930, printed in

GoO.No.4285 Law (General) Department dated the 8th October 1930,

dealing with certain tracts :in the Presidency to which the

ordinary Census procedure of 1931 was inapplicable.

As you know, the ordinary Census procedure of 1931

consisted in a "preliminary enurJ.e~ation'l which began in the

month. of January during which particulars were recorded of

ev~rybody foubd living in the area allotted to each enumerator,

followed by a 11 final enumeration" on the night of the 26th

February, when this preliminary list was corrected in

accordance with the actual location of the population on that

given night, ab~entees being crossed off the list and

newcomers·added to it. Special treatment had, therefore, to be

accorded to areas where for various reasons it was either

impossible to hold a final on~-night enumeration or else it was

desirable to carry out the' ehumeration during a month other

than January.

The. issue of my general scheme for the conduct of

the Census of 1941 is-awaiting.the orders of the Government of

!~di.a; ,but I <Pave it on the authori ty 'of the Census Commissioner

> -j

C\

- 2 -

,1

that preliminary arrangements may be begun on the basis of

that scheme. In order to save time I· would, therefore, be

glad if you would forthwith consider what areas there are

in your district to which the scheme of operations

briefly described in the following paragraph cannot be

applied.

At the forthcoming Census the procedure of a

"preliminary enumeration" followed by a !lfinal

enumeration" will be dropped. Instead there will only be

a single enumeration,'but it will be of two kinds -

(1) In regard to the great bulk of the house

population which is to be found residing tn its homes,

there will be no attempt at a simultaneous enumeration

at all. The enumeration will be spread over a period of

three weeks in rural areas and two weeks in towns ending -1941,

on the 1st Marcli~ during. which every member of. this

class of the population will be enumerated wherever he i~

found living at the time, purely temporary absences of not

more than two or thtee.days being ignored. Special care .

will be taken to warn individuals, in the event of their

going elsewhere during that period, not to allow themselves

to be enumerated a second time, as also to question all new

arrivals in the enumerator t s area as to 1fvhether they have

already been enumerated elsewhere or not.

(2) This procedure cannot, however, be Safely

applied to the other class of the population which will not·

be found residing in its homes at the' time, namely the

"floating population", consisting of persons lodging in . hotels, Travellers' Bungalows and choultries, boatmen living

on their boats, the houseless poor, vagrants and wandering

tribes. Members of this class of ~he population will have

to be simultaneously enumerated on one'night as before,

namely the night of the 28th February, 1941, this • ....

--3--

simultaneous enumeration 'being done by the same staff of

enumerators, each for the'floating population found within his

o,Vll area. Finally, in order to relate births and deaths to a

given point of time, it will be necessary for the enumerator to

make the round of his area during the daytime of the 1st March,

making the necessary additions or deletions in accordance with

the births or deaths that may have occurred prior to 6.0 A.M.

that morning. Opportunity should also then be taken to make

enquiries of any new arrivals .in the area as to whether they have

been enumerated elsewhere or not.

10

There will thus be three stages in a single enumeration,

the enumeration of the house population over a period of weeks,

the enumerat~on of the floating population on one night, and the

final verification of births and deaths and check up on new

arrivals on one day. It will be appreciated that in many rural

areas the "floating population" will be either non-existent or so

small that it can be readily located in advance at one or more

points. Detail£d instructions on the scheme in general and on

each successive stage in the preliminary arrangGmer:ts will be

issued on receipt of the Government of India's orders 5 but

meanwhile I would"be glad to know as soon as possible whether any

of the areas listed in the Government Order cited will again

have to be treated as exceptional in the light of the revised

procedure described, together with reasons for your recommendations.


Sir, Your most obedient servant,

SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

Circular No.4. OFFIC~ OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPBRATIONS~ MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort 8t .. George,

Dated, the 15th April 1940.

D. H. ~LWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S.,


]\:I A D R A S.

ALL COLLECTORS.

The issue of Census circulars containing instructions

,as,to the preliminary arrangements to be made for the Qensus of , .. l.

1941 is av,1ai ting the', final decisions of the Government of India

on certain points, but I hop~ that it will not ,be long before

I can start sending them out. They'will in the first instance

-, be sent in sufficient numbers to admit of immediate supply to

Revenue Divisional Officers,~ Tahsildars, Deputy ,Tahsildars?

Revenue Inspectors and 1\Iunicipal Commissioners? and I would ask

that they b~ sen,t. out to these persons as' soon as they are

received in your office. I~ you happen to be in, camp, they .. shoul"d b8 so despatched by the Sherishtadar 01;' other officer in

charge at headquarters. There is no need wh~tever for them to

be held up till a specimen has been submitted to you; on the

contrary it i~ kost important that these circulars should reach

at the earliest possible moment the hands of those for whom they

are intended so that they may be studied and put into effect in

good time. I would be 'much ~obliged if you would have this made

clear to your office and issue any Particular instructions you

think necessary to see that it is applied.

2. The Census is to take pla~e in the latter part of

the month of February 1941 and it might appear that there is no

great hurry over making the arrangements for it. This is not

II

- 2 -

the case and I would most' earnestly ask you to combat any such idea.

The 1941 Census is to differ from its predecessors in many important

respects and the evolution of the new procedure will take a great

deal of thought and a great deal of care on the part of all

concerned~ It is my hope that, if the framework of our organisation

can be built up soundly enough on this occasion, the record of it,

permanently preserved, ma~ with but minor modifications serve as

the, framework of all future Census operations, so tRat the work,

once thoroughly done, will not have to be done allover again ten

years hence. Meanwhile, from the immediate point of view of the

present Census, it is of the utmost importance that the initial

stages, namely the formation of the Census divisions, the

provisional appointment of the staff to be in charge of them, and

then the compiling of t0e house lists, should be completed as early

as possible. These operations will require all the scrutiny and

check that officers of every rank and Department can give them,

and it is only when they are complete and thoroug}:J.ly checked that

we shall be in a position to go ahead with the training of our

enumerators to the pitch of efficiency that will be expocted of. them

and with administrative arrangements f.pr the g.;istribution of the

forms on ~Nhich enumeration is to be done.

3. The Census undeniably involves a hca~y addition to the II.

, work of officers of all ranks and many Departments, and the Revenue

Department must inevitably ~ear the brunt of it (outside Municipali

ties) in the initial stages. The new procedure to be introduced at

this Census is intended to simplify matters in many respects, but

the ~ork will be none the less considerable. But it has got to be

done ~ and the sooner each stage is ov~r and done with, the

bette,r. This is particularly so during the unsettled conditions of

a time of war when it cannot be said whether district officers may

not rind extra duties and difficulties on their hands before the

year is out. I would request you porsonally to impress this upon

all officers connected with the Census whom you may come across in

- 3 -

the course of your tours. I shall ~ysclf in due course address the

Heads of Departments, Uunicipal Chairmen and Presidents of District

Boards, requesting them to issue similar instructions to their

subordinates.

4. At the moment I would particularly ask you to

see that my Circular No.2 ,relating to the classification of Census

Towns is dealt with expeditiously. As you probably know, every

Census Town constitutes a s~parate Cens*s division, namely a

I!Chargen~ and, as the first stagE:! in our proceedings is to be the

complete formation of all Census divisions, it will greatly

facilitate matters if a dGcision is rapidly arrived at as to what

places ara to be treated as Towns.

5. Sufficient copies of this circular are enclosed for

distribution to your Revenue Divisional Officers.

I hav(:?- the_ honour to be,

Sir , Your most obedient servant,

SUPERINTENDE~T OF CENSUS OPERA1'IONS, MADRAS.

It;

. Circular No.5. OFFICE. OF TH~ SUPERINTENDENT OF

CEI1SUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, ,Dated, the' -'., April 1940.

D. . H. ELWIN, E sq., O. B • E., I. C ~ S. , , ,'. , . .'


MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS, 1941 - Enumeration pads· ,Supply of.

One of the changes that will be introduced at the

forthcoming census is that the answers to the Census questionnaire

which are recorded during the ,process of enumeration will be recorded

on slips instead of on schedules as has been done hitherto. These

slips will he printed at the Government of India Press, ealcut~a~ .

in pads of 100 slips 'each and distributed,. direct to taluk

he&dquarters with freight prepaid. -

2. Although the issue of,my circular instructions in : .'.'.,... ' ' ~ .. ,

regard to the prelim-t:t;lary arrangements for the Census still 'avJaits

the orders of,Jhe Governrpent'of India the priD:ting_of these

enumeration slips is already far aCl.va:qced and the.iI" ,distribution , ,

to distr.icts will b~gin "so:q!E:? ;t,ime next, month.: 'T_he following I '~ , , I \ .' ,. ' •• : ,__ - • . -

instructions-will govern tn-eir receip.t and preservation; de-brl-led . . ':' ~ ~L L·.· __ ",,~

dir,ecti_?ns for t,he distr-ibution qf pads. to .charge -and circle ,'~ -

officers! §,nd thence to env.merators wil~~i~U0; in: due, c,ourse Tater.

3. I append hereto an extract from my, ge'neral indent for . . ..

pads for all the territories under. my charge, which wiJI show my . ,

rough estimate. of your distric':t_ requirements, 'taluk by· taluk. , ' : " j_'.' "'" • '

/

Pads are being distributed to Taluk Headquarters acco+,ding to this J

estimate and for the time peing thore is no J?eed to trouble as to

. ,.. ...

- 2 -

whether the estimate is adequate or no't. Adjustments 1:

Taluk and another can be made later in the year when w€

a position to estimate requirements more exactly as a I

particulars o~ the number o~ persons contained in each

1.a.141t a:t~ ={"t~E:tte cndttr<!l,tl'dikW'~1n ,:tt1fE!::Iadi..Prd~j:;df ':t.£h~' .tCii'lvlfrrg HlolISetf'L-3;'S:t9{ l§u-~Jfu2'~'~n;$t~\¥d15j!-oil?~ J;i,j-HMhYs~ Iwj_i'i~-~~ ~l~:1f F6r_[d~,~jpr-~-s~n~'I'a];~1. -e'1:~~{@'~~iJar:~'L.r:ctsh<H£~cd?.0v{i tli'J-i _§-)C¥1 cCSiE

correct number o~ pads is received according to the rou

and.tpat they are kept in very safe custody_

4. The pads will be packed in' gunny bags in t

200 weighing approximately.one maund. Receiving office

open the consignments Immediately and check the content

to make sure that the supply is correct. The pads s.hou

placed in safe custody under ~ock and key, preferably i

treasury, and carefully protected aga~nst damp and whit

and, l~til their distribution to authorised enumerators

should be treated, so to speak, as' yaluablBs. A certif

correct receipt of supply should next be made out in-au

one copy sent to the Press and the other to my office. , ,., , " ,,_ ._' _', ',_" "'," .'~ " ~ ., -' "l- i'- ~ .-, -",',' '", ,-I, -',', _l'-_'-~' -

, t, "'j ~ ~ J : _:' .. ~' . 1 ~ i '_, _~ ~ J ... _~~ J..' , •

co'py 'should; co~t~d,n: an addi tional c€:rtiiicat~ of $afe a: . 1 ., __ " ,', " ~ ", ':! , : -'-,' :, ',;, J" " ~-., I' .' '-,: .. ', ," .._;: .. -~ ~:~~~.'~ !' .;: ~,,;; .... -:. ;

custody i.n the manner dctail~' above. Failure to obser.· ,.l~l'l'i~ :',; .e ·~i ,;.r :,C!~,., .;~:_!:: i '-,,'1 .j

precaut:to-n "~ay lead to :mistakes in suppl.y remaining undl

unt:l,l the forms are issued, for enumeration.

5. The code nUmber "-allotted to your district:

in the extract appended. It will be printed on all sli]

to your district. The veri1'ication 01' this code- number

:form part of the check prescribed in para 4 above •.

6. The gunny bags used for packing'the pads sl

returned to the Press in as good a cond1ti'on· as possiblE:

prepaid. Arrangements have been made to resell these b€

certain rate providing, of course, they are good'enough , ,~ .

The bags should therefore be opened and handled with 'the

care and attent.ion. As soon as-the bags a~e ready for d

/6

- 3 -

a statement shqwing the number received and the number returned

with sufficient reasons for differen~e, if any, should be prepared j '. - •

in duplicate ahd_ one copy enclosed as packing note in the ! I

consignment of:--t-he -~unny._bQ.g~_to the press, and the other copy I

sent to my office.


Sir,


SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS. -

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1'('

Circular No.6. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, ~JIADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George; Dated, the 7th May 1940.

D.H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S.,


MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS, 1941 - Classi:(iGation and record of receipts and:-expendi ture.

In his letter No.T.l.!vlisc.92 dated the 3rd Hay 1940 the

Accountant General, Madras has communicated to all Trea_~ury. __ Officers

the rules laid down by the Auditor-Uener.pal for India for the

classification and record of receipts and- expenditure .in connection

with the Census of 1941 and has issued the necessary instructions

thereon; I would earnestly request that these rules-and

instructions be strictly observed by all .concerned. So far-~s is

known at present, all charges in the distr.s will fall under

l1Enumerationtl. I have addressed ,:t~e G,?v6¥-Pillet1i for orders on the

allocation of the cost of census operations in municipal and local

boardi areas and shall intimate to you their orders on receipt.

2. The Accountant General has drawn po~nted attention to

No. 2 of the Audi tor-General I-S_ rules and has expounded the

principle of maximum possible voluntary effort underlying it. The

integration of census activities with ordinary administrative work,

enjoined in this principle, should-be applied not merely to

travelling allowance under rule 4 but also to postage and telegraJ)h

charges under rule. 5 and to stationery charges under rule 7. It

is only in such rare cases-as, for instance, where census

correspondence caruiot be combined with ordinary tappals that -charges

on postage, or. where a E:ID'fJlZ[ non-touring official of Government is

out of pocket on a u,.ourney on census duty that charges on travell-ing

allowance, will lie to the census. Even then such charges cannot

,.

- 2 -

automatically be ma~e a debit to the census grant, but authorisation ("

should be specially obtained from this offi~e for so treating them.

The importance of this rule cannot be overemphasised in that it is

essential to save the already reduced census budget as much

expenditure as possible.

3. A statement ,of charges incurred under the fol=!-owing

heads in your district under 'Enumeration' should be sent to me every

month through the Accountant General, Madras not later than the lOth

of the month following that to which it relates. Treasury Officers

may kindly be instructed .to scrutinize the figures in the statements

carefully with reference to the rules and instructions specified

above before forwarding them to .the Accountant General.

Char_g.§.§_ .

"47 Miscellaneous Departments,-,Statist:i.cs - Census - Central"

B. Enumerat1.Q.niVoted)

~_Egz of ,Establlihmeui§:~

1. District Office

2. Remuneration of census officers.

B.2. Allowanc~li2~oraria et£~

1. Travelling Allowance.

B.3. Contingenc1Q§:

1: Stationery. 2: Postage and telegraph charges. 3: House numbering charges. 4: Freight. 5, Miscellaneous.

~~rinting~anQ_§tationery charges (Voted)

1. Cos t _Qf_p.§:£Q!. g

(a) Enumeration cards~ (b) Instructions to enumerators. (c) Other forms.

2. .ED:..ll ting_£har ge §:

(a) Enumeration cards. (b) Instructions to enumerators. (c) Other forms.

4. In addition to following the procedure for drawing

census charges detailed in Nos.3, 8 and-~ 9 of the Auditor-General's

rules, all drawing officers should please note clearly on the bills

the correct classification of the head of debit.

I have the honour to be, / Sir'

Your m~st ob~'~nt servant,

--r-~ ~ I '\ ;..{ ....

1/ i!? 1./,;7'-, f /" ' . _J?' '""lA-SUPEHINTENDENT OF CENSUS '

(11"C'T, f. 'l'T0T'TC', 1\J!',\nn' ~

•

No.409 Census/40-1. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

From

To

Fort St. George,

Dated, the 23rd May 1940.

D.H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S.,


MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS, 1941 - Classification and record of expenditure - Ref: 1Jly Circular No.6 dated

the 7th May 1940. , ---000---

In his letter No.T-l Mis/175 dated the 17th May 1940 to

all Trea:xury Officers the Accountant General, Madras has

restricted the heads of account for the classification 'and recq~d :~

of expenditure in connection with the com;i_ng census to the STIPe"

heads given in the Central Demand for grants. This restrictiqr

applies only to Treasury Accounts.

For departmenlal purposes it is necessary to have

accounts in more detail and the headings communicated in

para 3 of my circular read above will therefore stand and' the

monthly statement of charges called for t~erein should show

figures classified under these detailed headings.

I have the hDn~ur- to De,

Sir,

Your most obedient serv~nt,

SUPERINTENDENT OF ,CENSUS OP~RATIONS, MADRAS •

. :\ .;

Circular No.7. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDEnT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, l~DRAS,

: l"r om

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 9th May 1940.

D • H. ELWIN, E ~q., 0,. B • E., I. C • S. , Superintendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS. The Commissioner of Coorg.

CENSUS, 1941 - Age returns - Suggestion' for accurate determination of.

The questions that are to be asked at the forthcoming census

have not yet been settled but one or more of them will certainly

relate to "age" which, if possible, is to be recorded in years and

months. But in a vast majority of cases, particularly in rural areas,

the date and even year of birth may not be known. To and the

recollection of age in such cases it has been suggested that local

calendars or tlme~tables of notable occurrences might be drawn up.

In every State an~ District there have always been some events of

such outstanding importance as to leave indefuible impressions on the

minds of those who were alive at the time of their occurrence* Thus

the great famine of, 1877, the Co!onation Durb~r at Delhi in 1911, the

disastrous tidal wave of '1864 which washed away Masulipatam and other . ,. W '>' "

places in Kist~a District, the influenza epidemic of 1918 etc. are" , .

instances of events unforgettable by those who experienced them.

Reference to such public and well-known events may well serve to . stimulate a person's memory and enable the ,enumerator to calculate

,;U

his .. or-her age with some approximate accuracy. I would therefore

request you kindly to compile a ~ocal caiendar for your distri:et for

the last sixty years of such ev~iits at intervals, if possible,' of . .._ .... -

ten to fifteen years, and to communicate a copy to me.

·r have the honour to be, Sir,

Your mo~_./ ~ent. servant,

.I){~ I

SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS •. ' ~

From

To

Sir,

OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

Fort St. Geor.ge, Dated, the 31st October 1940.

D • H. EV,'1l N, E sq., O. B • E ., I. C • S • , Superintendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS 7 194~ ~ Age returns - Local calendar of notable events - Use of.

-1. __

As laid down in my C:r:rcular No.7 dated the 9th Hay

1940 a local calendar of outstanding occurrences has been

compiled in every di strict for use at ·the time of enumeration

as an aid to the recollection of age in cases where the date

and year of birth are unknown. In Part II of my 11,ianual for

Charge Superintendents and Supervi sors 9 'Nb.:ich 'will be issued

shortly, I have said in.my instructions under the census

que~tions relating to 'age' thit every 9harge Superintende~t

will show his Supervisors the calendar of notable local events

applicable to his charge and that age in doubtful case$ should .,., if:' ."':

be ~calculated vl.i ttl intelligent reference to these events.

I therefore reqw:::~st you to be so good as to cOft1municate to all

your Charge Superintendents copies .of the local calendar drawn

up for your district. In certain districts such calendars have

been compileG. for each taluk separately; in such cases it 1-8-01'

course sufficient if the relevant extra'cts are sent to- the'

Charge Superintendents concerned.

I have c the honour to be, Sir,


SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERA'CIONS, MADRA~.

Circular No.8 .. ,. .' ~ :,' , ' ~~. __ .J' " \~:) , OFFICE O:P THE SUPJmINTEltl>~ ~

'CENSUS OPERATIONS, MAPRA~',

FORT ST. GEORClE t

Dated, the 80th 'May 1940.

FBoli'r:

To

D~'H: ELWIN,Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S., . 8tLpe'1'inten~e"it of q ensU8 OperatiOJ:1,8,

~ MADRAS.

, All Collectors

The Co~m.i8sio~er of Coorg

C2nsus of 1941-G~neral Scheme. NOTE.~D6ta"".tndructions as to each step in the proceedings will be issued in

subsequent circulars.

A. General •

. What the Census seeks to do is to find every man, woman and child living iJ:l. the Presidency at a partioular time, to count them and tb record their answers to a series,of

. ~q:deStion:s relating ~'such matters as. their age, means of li~elihood, -degree of educati~n -ail~ 9»'; "'This "·p.r6~eB8 is what is kJl6wn ~s Enumeration. S~bBequently the particulars

- "'.1 ~.;.",...-. ~C,'r .... ,~ ._:) I - . _

in respect of each inl1ividut;U "ill. be ·sorteq. into groups, the groups will be totalled under - , "-.,.. ~ ,.)- , " I" • ~ ,..",_ ',f

various heads, and. w~. shau~;arriVe, at the final statistics which provide information 'of all kinds on which BO manYadministra.iiv-e activities must ultirr\ately be based. - o __ ' __ _

- • I _

. <2.' During the cu'rrent year we are concerned with the' process of Enumeration ,alone. In~~raer to give/effect to it the Presidency must first'be divided into areas'of a size suit~ to be enumerated by a single Enumerator. Each s!l~h area, is .called a n Block." To supervise and. check the work of the enumerators these -bloc~s.-.>'dore then grouped into " Circles" a.rld ~fMh'C~cle'~a.ppointed a Supervisor. An~ in order to co-ordin:~t~,the 'wotk of the 'whole the . circles are iIi their turn grouped into" Chartges," each of "\Vhjch

'is in the· care' of a Charge_ SuperinteAdent. ' . - -- - - -- --- - - -_ - ..

3: Ravrng dem~at~d ~n these cen~us' dl.;I~ioJlS ap.d ~arma.r~d :the.~~ of Enumem~tors; Supe~i~i>r; -arid Charge SiIperi~tendents for them, further' 'prE;cadtlons. are then 'necessary to ebsurethat n() huni~n being is onlitted from·enumeratiori'~hen the time' comes. 'rttese precautlons. take the form of the. making-of iii HoUse 'Lhlt, f~llO'\yed by the nuInoeriIigof the houses so'listeo.''fite house" list' is arawn up;'iii'rural areas Ditlie~1la~ offiCers't arid in tow~~-B municipa}'.emplofe~B, ·w.90 note dow~·.'every place of hum~ - ~den~ in their areas iii order- tlaat noD._e ma.y fail to be visited' by_ t'hEl .enUJ!lerator -latet on. At the same tlme.(and this IS a new depari~ea(thlsCe;~~~Aiey will iota. dOWn ~ respect of each private a,~elling lis~ed :brief particulars' under .th~'~foll~t\tn) heads :- '

(1) the type oi'holise (in order that a. study miroo-ma.de of housirig 'conditions in hotlY town' and ~ areas); ~d·.· . . , . .

.. - . .' " ';' " -''_ ._.- ~ . ~ ~ .' ' -_. ,,- - \ .' (2) the number of adult males and females and, of male and female chIldren (under . 14 years. of age) c~mposing' the household (in order, firstly, t~t the ~omposition of families may be. observed, anI!, se,condls:, that Q,n approxi1?lat& es_tiniate,'may be fraIned ~f _ tbe~ nUmber ~ tOrms .,that will be. :t'~uired on which to do the enumeration of each area)~' ."

. "'._.. :~h~n!::.~heh ~he ~QuSe List,'is co~~lete, in order t~~t e!1.'Y h;o'us~d:~la~ be re~dily ;.~~·~both enumerator,an.a fllPerv181ngo~cer, anumber 18 pamted.on It. . '

,

. '.~~. , . , ,

~ . :..

3

periods of time, yet there is a good deal of change and frequent coming and going amongst its personneL In order to avoid confusion it is safer to enumerate this class of the population simultaneously and, as their number in the various institutions will be fairly

large, it is best to have it done by day. The enumeration of such people will, therefore, be reserved until the end of the enumeration period and they will all be enumerated at the institutions concerned on the morning of the 28th February, the supervisory staff carrying out their check during the course of the day. The enumerator will be careful to enquire of arrivals during the period of enumeration as to whether they have already been enumerated elsewhere.

7. The third bl'oad class of the population may be termed the ., floating population ,. and is unlike the first two clasKes in that it is not to be found in anyone fixed place of residence. To this class belong lodgers in hotels, travellers' bungalows and choultries, and the boatmen who live on canal and river boats, all of whom may move through a number of places in the course of two or three weeks. To this class also belong the people who have no fixed place of abode at all, namely the houseless poor, dwellers in the streets, vagrants and wandering tribes. If we are to be sure of catching everyone of such people, but of not catching him more than once, the only way to do it is to hold a simultaneous enumeration of· them, and the best time is in the evening after dark. So, after the enumerator bas completed his work amongst the "household population" and the "inmates of public institutions" in his block, on the evening of the 28th February 1941 he will proceed to enumerate any of the "floating population " that he finds there. It will of course be understood that over a great part. of the rural area of

, the Presidency there will be very few, if any, members of the " floating population" to b(1 found, and, if there are any, it will usually be possibble to know in advance where they

can be found on that night, so that the enumerator's job will not be a difficult one. It is only in the larger towns that there will be much work for him to do on that night, and in these areas he will have the assistance of Police Officers.

8. l!'inally it will be necessary to correct the Census figures according to the births and deaths. that may have occurrerl up till a given iime. 'rhis time will be sunrise on

the 1st March 1941, and the final task of the enumerator will be during the course of the daytime of March 1st to make enquiries in his block as to whether any births and deaths have occurred before sunrise that morlling amongst the people whom he has enumerated, enumerating any newly-born children and striking off a:r::y persons who have died. While doing so, he will take the -<lpportunity to check any people newly arrived in his block and satisfy himself that all have been enumerated somewhere, or else enumerate them

himself.

9. Thereafter totals of the population will be struck and (again a new departure at

this Census) totals also of the literate population, and the results will shbl'tly be published.

NOTE.-In certain districts there are t'mcts to which for one 'reason or another, e.g .• their remote and jungl'y nature, the ordinary Census procedure cannot be applied. In these tracts ~"uch special p·rocedure is a.dopted as .~ finally decided on in consII7trdion with the

concerned Collectm's (il'ho have been addressed).

B. Administrative.

10. The District Census Officer will be the Collector of the district and he will be r6!:'ronsible for the carrying out of all the Census arrangements, working through the Revenue Divisional Officers and Tahsildars so far as the rural areas and' towns other than municipalities are concerned, and through the Commissioners so far as concerns municipalities. All servants of Government, both Local and Central, and servants of local bodies are bonnd to assist in the carrying ant of the Census, if called upon to do 80, and to obey the instructions of the District Census Officer. The co-operation of all zalllindars

IS being requested by Government. B

2

4. The mobilisation of the Presidency fOT the Cenilu8 being thus complete, it will

remain to issue formal orders of appointment to the entire enumeration staff and to proceed to give them intensive training in the manner in which they are to carry out their duties and in which to obtain correct replies to the Oensus questionnaire. This training is given by myself to the extent that is possible in the course of my tours, and by Oollectors of districts and Revenue Divisional Officers; as also in their turn by Ch~rge Superintendents and Circle Supervisors to their enumerators. The stage will thus be set for the Census which will be taken during the month of February 1941. But the Census of 1941 will differ from its predecessors in several important respects and it is therefore necessary to rid one's mind of any preconceived ideas based on experience of the Census of 1931.

5. For purposes of enumeration the population of the Presidency may be divided into three broad classes. The first of these is the " Household population" which comprises praetieally the whole of the total population, people who will normally be found living in their own or in other people's homes. People of this class will frequently be .absent from their houses during the day when they go to work in offices or in the fields, .or when they are attending a market in a neighbouring village or a festival at a nearby

(> .1· _ 1 ..:_ _ _ ,.....e

"Peorle 'Nbo are temporaril;)T absent on business or

pleasure but '7ho [u'e e:::pected to be back by the 1st J'!Iarch iJvill be

be found livi_nc; j_n the house or t,'_'l.lcing tll(3ir meals from it during

the pe~'iod of enumer(-lti()n~ but people "'.rho are ai)sent for longer

period::.; and ",'rill not be back l)J the 1st I arch ,,'dl1 not be enumcratod:

as it ",rill be pr9 sumed thEl t the:'l vJill be enumera ted at the place

"1here they are stayinE ~ -f;in:larly people ';.rhe arE visi tin!; the

bloc}.\: and stClying in any of the house s in it un t.il after the

1st ilarch will be enUPForatea in the block: but pt;o111e who a:['e o!lly

on a temporary visi t anc~ expect to be back at their own home's by

the 1st i'.larch yr5_ll not be enumerEl.ted, a~-3 it will be pre sumed that

they 'I.vill be enumerated at their usual place of residence'!. reslulug' UUl.l.U'b --.r..,..., ....... ________________ _

work or business), and the enumerator will have plenty of time in which to do his work and the supervisor;\- staff to check it. It is important to unclerstand that there will be no attempt at a simultaneous enumeration of thi,; class, of the. POl)ulatioll on Olle night, aR

there has been in the past, or even on one day, and thus a great deal of trouble will be saved. But in order to make sure that no person is enumerated twice over and no person is omitted from enumeration altogether, we shall undoubtedly have to rely more than ever on the eo-operation of the public and the vigilance of the enumerator, and it is therefore .of the utmost importance that propaganda should be put in hand as early and as widely' as possible to familiarjl'le the public with the procedure of the Census and to enlist their

~c-operation . 6. The second class of the population is a comparatively small one consisting of the

" inmates of public institutions," such as prisoners in jails and in-patients in hospitals .. This class stands mid-way between the first and the third ~n that, while the number of its members is fairly constant and they may remain in the institutions for considerable

4

1], Formation of blocks, circles and charges.-Detailed instructions will follow in my next (:ircnlar. Meanwhile it may be said that, as the simultaneous one-night enumeration

-Qf the whole population, which has been held at every previous Census, is not going to be undertaken this time, the size of the various Census divisions can be considerably

increased. Instead of first drawing up the house list and then arbitrarily dividing it into

blocks of a certain number of houses each, as has been done hitherto, the blocks and other divisions will be formed at the outset on a rational basis, adhering more closely to

the ordinarily recognised Revenue and Municipal divisions. To each Block, Circle and Ch~1}'fe will be allotted a code number whereby it can be readily identified. Registers will be maintained, presenting a complete record of all Census divisions and their staff.

In rural areas the village, inclusive of its haInlets, .vill forill a single block 01',

where it is too big for one enumerator to handle, will be divided into two or more blof,ks on a readily distinguishable basis, the whole being so arranged as to be conter

minous with the village limits, In towns, blocks will be demarcated according to convenient groups of houses, groups of blocks being so arranged as to be conterminous with tIle limits of -\Va.rds and, where the;r exist, of Town Survey Blocks.

The number of circles to be formed will depend largely on the number of officials that are available to supervise them. In rural areas a circle will consist of one or more complete villages. In towns it will consist of one or more Wards according to the

density of the population 'or, if necessary, a Ward may be divided into two or more Circles.

Every Census " town " is a charge. A multiplicity of charges in the rural areas is

unnecessary as the work d a Superintendent is that of general supervision. The Taluk and the Deputy Tahsildar's Sub-Taluk will, therefore, constitute the charges.

Special Blocks, Circles and Charges may be constituted out of institutions, Railway :and Port premises, colonies of workmen and so on, but only where the number of people residlng in such places is large enough to justify a separate enumerator being appointed. Otherwise such places should be treated as an ordinary part of the village or town jn wilieh they lie and be enumerated along with the rest.

12. Staff.-Broadly speaking the object is twofold-firstly, not t,O cause more of an upheaval in the life and work of officials and the public than can be helped, and secondly, to select such men as are best acquainted with the locality allotted to them and who

normally live or tour in that area. Thus the staff of enumerators will be found from amongst village officers, panchayat and municipal employees, school teachers and clerks of Government offices, assisted, where iecessary, by genuinely keen and interested nonofficials. Circle Supervisors will be Revenue Inspectors and officers, preferably touring ,officers, of all Government departments and Local Bodies in rural areas, and in towns municipal employees, school masters, clerks and resident Government officers. Charge

Superintendents will be Tahsildars and Deputy. Tahsildars, in municipalities the ]\Jfunicipal

'Commissioner and in other towns a senior resident Government officiaL In special blocks, ,circles and charges, the staff will be found from amongst the staff of the institution, premises or colony concerned. Part I of a Manual of Instructions presCl'ibing their preliminary duties, will be issued to Charge Superintendents and Supervisors shortly.

13. House-listing and numb81~ing will be done in a more simple form than in 1931. 'rhe definition 01 a house will remain the same, na'Inely, every dwelling with a separate

main entrance. Descriptive particulars of private dwellings will be noted under the 'broad heads'" Pucka houses," "Kutcha tiled houses " and " Kutcha thatched houses," except in municipalities where a little more detail will be gathered. Details of tht-~

-composition of households will be noted by totals of the four categories comprising eadl

household. A note will also be made of the number of shops in each village or ward.

14. Instructions and forms for the formal appointment of the staff will be issued

later in the year.

5

15. Training of staff will take place in the coming cold weather. Pad II of the )1aL ual of In8tr~ctions desaling with this and ot:her matters, will be issued to Charge Superintendents and Rupervisors later in the year.

16. Enumeration has hitherto been done on large paper schedules containing space for the entry of particulars in regard to a number of individuals. These entries had subsequently to be copied on to slips, one slip for each individual, in order that they might be :.;oried alid compiled. To avoid the extra labour and expense of this copying process,

.enumeration will this time be done direct on to paper slips. These will be bound in pads -of a hundred each. They are being printed at the Government of India Press, Calcutta, .and dist.ributed direct to Taluk Offices in accordance with a tentative forecast of population which has been prepared in this office. Each slip will relate to a sipgle individual. On it will be printed only the numbers of the questions in the Census questionaire ann spaces for recording the answers. To each enumerator will be issued a separate pamphlet c?ntail'ing the questionnaire and brief instructions as to the mode of recording the answers. This pamphlet will be in English or the vernacular language of the enumerator. In order to economise in labour and in space, the answers will be so far as possible recorded by l:3igns and abbreviations,

c. Cone! usion. • 17. Stages in the preliminary armngements.-It is of the utmost importance that the

formation of Census divisions and earmarking of staff should be carried out as quickly as possibl·_3 after the issue of my next circular on the subject. When once it is done, then the whole framework of the Census organisation will be c.omplete and every officer of the Census staff will know the area with which he will have to deal. He can then proceed to familiarise himself with that area and its inhabitants and at the same time to familiarise . the inhabitants with the objects of the Census and the manner in which it is to be carried out. At this stage, too, every officer will have to carry out the most careful check of the boundaries of his area in order to make absolutely sure that no village, hamlet or town quarter has escaped inclusion in some Census division. Thereafter it is important that the house-listing should be quickly completed, for, when -that is done, we shall be ill CL position to know the approximate number of enumeration slips that will actually -be required ill each taluk and the Impply already made to Taluk Headquarters can be re

distributed where necessary. House-listing will, therefore, be put-in hand in each charge as soon as the formation .of Census divisions in that charge has been completed. At this stag-e, again, it will be <;>f great. importance that every officer should most carefully check

the heuse-list of the area allotted to him to see that there are no omissions; and, when once the check has been completed, house-numbering will present no difficulties. During the coming cold weathel' the training of supervisors and enumerators will require all the time that superior officers can give to it. As has been said, a Manual of Instructions will be issued, but ihis can never take the place of personal oral instruction and of demonstration by means of actual enumerations of individuals selected at random. The fact that on this occasion we are to utilise the services of far fewer enumerators should make it

possible to train them both more easily and to a higher pitch of efficiency. The great poju ~ to remember is that by the beginning of next February every detail must have been

-clearly settled and every enumeratpr fully trained, for, when once the actual enumemtion has been begnn, there can be no going back on it and no opportunity for doing it over

-again.

18. Financial arrangements.-Detailed rules have peen issued, but in ge"!leral it may. be said that the vast scale on which the Census has~ to be carried out to cover a subcontinent of the size of India makes it absolutely essential that enumeration should be .done on the widest possible voluntary basis. It will readily be understood that, when the numbers of the Census staff run into hundreds of thousands, the expenditure of even a few annas by or on each member of the staff rapidly amounts to huge totals. It has "Only been possible to carry out the Census in the past by insistence on this principle of

6

voluntary co-operation by all serval1ts of Government and Local Bodies and it need not be said tJ;lat adherence to it is of even greater importance in a time of war. The Census is undoubtedly a heavy addition to the work of all officers, but it is a work of really great

national importance-and there is the comforting reflection that it does not take place more 'often than once in ten years. Every effOl t will be made this time to utilise the

services only of Government and Local Board servants in the areas in which they ordinarily reside or tour, and it is expected that they will carry out their Census duties along with and as part of their ordinary work so that no extra expenditure need be debited to the

Census head.

19. Appreciation of services.-At the conclusion of the CE'nsus, Collectors will be requested to report the names of officials and non-officials who have done particularly good work. Recognition of the work of the former will be accorded in the shape of good service entries in their conduct sheets, and of the latter in the form of Banads.


Sir,


D. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent of Census Operations, Madras.

FOR PRESS INFORMATI.ON

The enclosed Circular No.8 gives a general outline of

the scheme. of operations for the Census of 1941. The most

imp·ortant respect in ·whi;G·h it differs· from any prE}vious C€ns.us

is the fact that on this.· occasion there will ·be . no simultaneous

enumera~ion of the great bulk of the population at all, bu·t only

of.the comparatively small number of inmates of public r •

institutions and of the floating pcipulation, The distindtion

betwe.en these three broad classes of tho population is made

clear in paragraphs 5, 6. and 7 of the Circular. .The main object

of this change in procedure is the avoidance of.unnecessary

trouble and of waste of labour. Hithorto there has been a

"preliminary enumeration", occupying several weeks, during which

every member of the population was quostioned and counted where

he was then found, foll~wed by a simultaneou~ one-night enumeration

·when the preliminary lists Nkn were corrected in accordance with

the actual location of every member of the population on that

given night: ~nyonG w~o had gone away from the plaeo at which - ~ .

he had been questioned and counted during the preliminary

enume,ration was crossed off the list· relating :to that place and was , !

questioned and counted allover aga"in at the .place where he

. happened to be on 'that given night. Nm~ll this involved a great

deal of trouble, because it meant that enumerators haa to be posted

so as to cover every single place where any momber of the -

population might happen to be that night. For instance,

traveller s ·by train had to be enumerated at Railway Stations,

travellers by road at various points on the road, people attending

religious festivals at the temple where. the festival was being held,

and so on •. And next year the enormous growth in attendances at

cin~mas would make matters still more complicated. To cover al'l . ,.

these places a vast staff of enumerators had to be employed, and

- 2 -

this in its turn incroasod the difficulties of training them in

their duties, increased the exponditure on the travelling

allowances paid to them, and magnified the margin of personal

error which inevitably ar.isos frol!l the idiosyncracies of

enumerators in the taking down of the anslimrs to the Census

questionnaire. Moreover, it meb.nt that ~ g.rea~ deal of lapour

was wasted, namely the labour incurred on_the preliminary .

enumeration of: -all thoso people who, Ylhe,n, the final one-night , - .

enumeration c'aine off, ha~ left the places where they had,

origina;I.ly beq'n -emlmeratod and so had to be struck off the

list and enumerated allover again elsewhero. And not only

vvas there very little time ,in which to enumerate such, people

on the final' night, but ther,G vlas practically no pass'! b~li ty ,

for the supervising officers to check more than a fraction

of the work done on that night.

There is thus every reason for avoiding a

simultaneous enumeration to the extent that is feasible, and

all the more reason this time ,in view of the nocessity for

war-time economy and in view of the higher standard of xxxing training which must be given to enumerators to enable them to

deal with the ,new system of enumeration on to uslips" by signs

and abbreviation~ which is described in par~graph 16 of the " ,

- ,

Circular. Nor is the changQ, so startling a,s ,might bo thought, , . ,

for the fact is that in actual practide- there never has been a

simultaneous,enumeration of the Presidency as,a whole. Over

large areas in a number of distr~cts natural conditions are

such that it is quite impossible for enumorators to go round

the areas allotted to them in the course of a single night, and

in such areas the enumeration has always had to be spread over , . a much longer period.

, ' '

It has accordingly been decided to drop the idea of a

simultaneous €numeration at 'the coming Census, except in respect

- 3 ...

of tho inmates of institutions and the floating population.

The facts that in the vast majority of places there are no

institutions at all and that in most areas, excepting big

towns, the floating popUlation is small and easily located makes

it possible greatly to increase the size of the area allotted

to each enumerator with consequent reduction in the numbers of

enumerators, greater ease in training them and saving of

labour and expense.., It may appear that this will introduce a

large el~ment of risk in that members of the household

population who move about during the two or three weeks of

the. Census period may get enumerated twice over at different . place~ or be omitted altogether. But this should not be the

case for, as pointed out in paragraph 5 of the Circular, these

people will be enumerated only at tho places where they are

residing at that time, and, although there may be a great

deal of daily movement amongst thom, it is not likely that

there will be much movement from ono p~ace of residence to . another during that short period, Those that do so move will

be carefully warned and carefully questioned in order to avoid

double enumeration, and every effort will be made during this

preparatory period to spread abroad the idea that every s'ingle

individual should make sure that he does not fail to be

counted once, but not more than once. We shall, in fact,

have to rely on the good sense and civic spirit of the people

of the Presidency, coupled with the diligence and intelligence

of the Census ~taff, and I am confident that the response will

be r~rthcoming. A system of simultaneous enumeration is by no

means an essential feature of a Census: it is not, for instance,

attempted at the census of the United States of America: it

is, in fact, a work of supererogation and it is up to us to show

that we Can make a success of the 1941 Censys without it.

Fort St., George, D Da ted ,. the 5th June 1940 ~ 0

SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS l,

No. 448 Census/40-2. ~FFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

From

'To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 6th June 1940.

D ,H. ELWIN, Esq., O .. B.E., I.C.S .. ,

Superintend~nt of Census Opera-tions,

.MADRAS.

Census of 1941 - General scheme of operations.

!---oOo---

I have the honour to enclose a copy of 'my Circular

,No. "8 relating to,the general'sche~e of opera:t{ions for th~,,·· ,'- '. ,:.". ~ , - ' ' ._", .~/~o:jij::,..: .. :

1941 Census and to,request the favour of your co-operat:L'ohln ..... .

the "conduct of the proceeding s • The local Government will

shortly be issuing a notification directip.g all officers of

Government to afford, on application, their assistance towards

the taking of the Census, and my object in writing this letter, ~~

is to end~avour to secure from the. outset the personal interest

of the officers of your Department in making the Censu&a

success. The services of many'of them will doubtless be

requis;Ltibn~d':~bY c?!lectors for duty as enumerators and as

Circle Supervisors. Hitherto these appointments have usually

been mq_de at a fairly late stage of the proceedings Qw-j-nfl'--to

the fact that the formation of Census divisiQ~ was not

undertaken until a:fter the,compilation of' the House Lists. ,_ ,. ~

This time the order is being reversed and the formation o:f the

divisions ana earmarking of their staff is to be the first

step in the operations. The advantage of this ,is that hath

enumerators and Supervisors will be able to famili<arise

themselves with the areas allotted to them from the beginning, to ,: ,~-', , .,.-

'-.... (",, , -'"'.

int~r-est, the'~ inhabi tants of those areas in what is going on and

to k;ee,p' a ciose ~~a tch o~ the carrying out of each stage in the

preparations •. A general idea of these prelimiua.fY duties is given

in patagraph 17 of the circular. But this initial advantage~an

only be secured if the officers concerned are themselves prepared to

take a genuine interest in the Census. 1ft the course of my tours

I sha~J., with this object in view" end,eavour to meet as many

officers as possible of all Dep~rtmentsj but it would greatly

facilitate my worl( if you would be so good as to issue instructions

now to the senior district officers of your Department to see to

it that all their subordinates do make their best endeavours in the

~arrying out of any Census duties that may be allotted to them and

follow carefully tl1e instructions of their Charge Superintendents,

:;,q:.nd ,if. in the"- cou'rse ,'of your own "tours you would be so kind as to i ..

ta.,ke any opportunity that offers to impress the importance of these

duties upon"them. '" r


Sir,


SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS.

No. 448 Census/40-3. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF , 'CgNSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

, ! •

Fort St. George,

Dated, the 6th June 1940.

D."H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E.,'I.C.S., - • J_

:-, ..

Superintendent 6r' C~nsus Oper~tions,

Census of 1941 - General scheme jf operations.

---000---

MADRAS.

I have the honour to enclose a copy of my

Circular No. 8 for the fa¥our of your perusal and your

interest and to request your valued co-operation in the

carrying out of the Census of 1941'. The taking of a census

of a sub-continent of the size of India is, as you know, a:

very remarkable national effort and its results are of

vital importance in every branch of the nation's

acti~ities. It can only be carried through with the

co-operation both of officers of all Departments of the

state and of Local Bodies and of every member of the public.

The ways in which I would most earnestly request you

personally to assist in this achievement are, firstly, by

issuing instructions to all orflcials under your control

to lend all the assistance in their power in the conduct

of the Census operations in spite of tho extra work which

it must entail for them, and, secondly, by doing as much

propaganda as possible to rouse the enthusiasm of the

- 2 -

':-, .. 'public and tb" 'familiarise' them wi th the objects of t'he' Census

a:nd 'the :'pr'6cedure whereby those objects are to be attainea. . . .-- .~ .,': ;

The x~: actual" organisation of the Census will be carried

out, in rural areas by the staff of the Revenue Department and

in Municipali ti.es by. Municipal Commissioner s , but th~ir work ( •. . .,'. '. <. ' .' . . . ; .... : ':.;",. . ,

will, pe Y~f,'y.., cop.si4erably lightened by your interest and . .- . ." .- . . .. '. '. '. . . ,':. ~T;' :', .:.: . .

co-o.p€~ation, with the help of which I am sure that the

forthcoming Census can be made a real success.


Sir,


SUPEliI}lTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS.

,CJ,rcular No.9. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF

CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

FORT ST. GEORGE,

-,_- {r

Dated the 1st June 1940.

l.l(,UJII.

'1'0

SIR,

D. H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S.,

All Collooto1'8

Superintendent of Genius OperafJions,

MADRAS.

The Commissioner of Coorg

Census of 1941-Formation of Census Divisions, Earmarking of staff, Allotment of Code Numbers and Compilation of Registers.

N oTE.-Throughout this ciroular "Tahsildar" should be taken to mean also a Deputy TahsildaJ. in. independent charge of a taluk, but does not mean a Deputy TahsiliMr in oharge of a sub-taluk within a taluk. It will be obse1'Ved that, in adOJition to being the Charge Superintendent of part of the area included in his taluk,. t;he Tahsildar will also have oertain administrative duties to perform in respect of the whole oj his taluk inclusive of all the oharges in it.

A. General principles.

1. Census divisions must so be formed that they correspond, either singly or in groups to villages, towns and taluks, and within towns, to wards and (only in Municipalities which have been town surveyed) town survey blocks. - They must never over~~p so as to contain parts of one such revenue or municipal division and parts of another. The Agency areas of Vizagapatam and East Godavari must be kept separate from the Plains areas.

2. Full advantage must be taken of the .~act that t,.here will be no simultaneous one-night enumeration of the e)ltire population but o~ly of the comparatively small

numbers of inmates of institutions und of the floating population to make the size of blocks reasonably large, as this will also serve to avoid wastage of enumeration slips. The filEng up of slips with signs and abbreviations will be a quick process. Oircles will also be larger than hitherto, but should not be too large as the Supervisor_ is expected to check at least 20 per cent of the work done by the enumerator. Density of population and distances to be traversed should· be taken into consideration in forming diviSIons.

3. Census staff should be found from officials and, where their assistance is needed, suit&bb and reliable non-officials .. e.g., pensioners, who are either re~id!lnt-in, or whose normal duties require them to tour in, the areas to which they are appointed. / ,

4. The gensus staff will ·be earmarked now and formally appointed later on ow:in-gto the risk of leave and transfers, though Government are issuing instructions for the restriction of transfers. All officers earmarked should begin wor~ at once and, if any (rfficer goes OIl leave or is unavoidably transferred, his successor should carryon with his duties.

5. All servants of Government, both local and central, and of local bodies are liable to Census duties and no general exemptions can be allowed. The services of officers ot some departments, however, should be sparingly used, e.g., Medical and Postal. Police

.. should not be requisitioned at all except to assist the ordinary enumerators in

enumerating the Boating population.

2

B. Details of Divisions and Staff.

NOTE.-Sub-p'aragraph (d) relating to special divisions should be read ~n conjunc .. tion with each of sub-paragraphs (a) to (0).

(a) Charges and Charge Superintendents.--l. Every Municipality: the Municipal Commissioner. "

2. Every place whlch the Collector proposes to recommend for treatment as a

Census town: the most suitable senior resident ,Government official, ~.g., a Sta~ionary Sub-Magistrate or Sub-Registrar, etc.

3. Excluding 1 and 2 above, the rural area ~f a Deputy Tahsildar's sub-taluk: the Deputy Tahsildar.

I

4. Excluding 1, 2 and 3 above, the remainder of the taluk: the Tahsildar.

(b) Blocks and Enumerators.-l. In Municipalities, 'a convenient group of roughly

150 houses, with boundaries clearly defined in terms of street survey, falling within' a ward or (if town surveyed) within a Town Survey Block. Enumerators should first be looked for amongst the ranks of bill·collectors, sanitary and road maistries and lighting superintendents (provided they are sufficiently educated and' competent), Municipal school-teachers and clerks. These may be reinforced by clerks of all Government offices ~nd, if necessary, non-officials.

2. In rural areas, the village, indusive of its hamlets, containing anything up to 150 houses. The enumerator will be the most suitable of the village officers who will have the time and interest to give to his work in the month of February. If the village is too big for one enumerator, it may be divided into two or more blocks on a -clearly

'- . dis.tinguishable geographical or other basis; e.g., the main village might form one block and its hamlets another. Additional enumerators will then be found from amongst assistant karnams, village school-teachers, panchayat clerks and bill-collectors, clerks of .a~;y Gover1?-ment office situated in the village, or non-officials.

3. In Oensus towns other than Municipalities, blocks ·win be formed as in Municipalities, with reference to street or revenue survey and enumerators will be -fonnd from the same classes as in rural are!i8.

(0) Circles and Supervisors.-l. In rural areas, one or more complete villages according to the availability of suitable':' officials tfY" supervise. H possible, not more than two or three villages should be included in a circle, if they are large ones, and not more than :five or six, if they are small. The Revenue Inspector will be the ~upervisor of a, circle comprising those villages in his firka whereof the village officers .are the least competent or zealous. These need not be contiguous but should not,· if possible, be more than five in number. Other circles should comprise contiguous villages :and supervisors be found so far as possible from amongst touring officers. of the following departments: Revenue, Educational, Public Works, Forest, Fisheries, Panchayat, Local Fund Audit, Labour, Co-operative, Agricultural,. Health, Veterinary, Excise, Salt, Registration, Medical, Civil Oourts, Court of Wards and others, as well as officers ()£ Local Bodies, Zamindari officials and officers of departments Dithe Central Government .. If there are not enough of such touring officers to go round, stationary officials and' derks may be made supervisors of circles comprising the villages within a !'~d.i)ls of te1l.

miles from their headquarters. ,

2. In Municipalities a Circle may correspond to a ward, .or may contain two or more complete wards, or else a ward may be divided into two or more circles. Supervisors may first be found from amongst Sanitary Inspectorl'l, Tax Superintendents, Vaccinators, and Birth and Death Registrars, the _ m01'e senior schoolmasters and. If'fmicipal clerks: These may, if necessary, be reinforced by officers and senior cterks of'

G~vernment offices situated within the municipality, both local and central, provided, that touring officers ar~ not requisitioned if their services are- required for Census duties ()utside. - . .

3 - • 3. In Census towns other than Municipalities, Circles will be formed as in Munici. palities and. Supervisors be found from amongst stationary officials of. the varIOus -departments mentioned under rural areas.

(d) Special divisions.-Special blocks may be formed out of Hospitals, Jails, A.sylull1s~ Settlements and other such institutions; Police lines, Railway premises and colonies, Port areas, etc.; colonies of factory workers, Estate coolies, coolies engaged on construction work, wood-cutters in Forest reserves and ~o on; but only where their size justifies it, unless there are reasons of convenience or otherwise which make it desirable that they shouid be dealt with separately. A multiplicity of small blocks is wasteful: e.g., a Central Jail might be made a special division, w'hereas a sub-jail would be treated as part of the ordinary town or village block in which it lies. If any such area is big enough to be divided into more than one block, it will be made a special circle; if into more than one circle, a special charge. A special block which is not part of a special circle will be included in fj,n ordinary circle, and a special circle which is not part of ,a special charge in a!l ordinary charge. Special divisions will be enumerated and generally dealt with by the staff, whether official or non-official, in charge of them, the most suitable men being chosen for the various Census posts. The instructions contained in this and subsequent circulars will apply equally to special divisions and no separate circulars will be issued. '_rhI'ee important classes o£ special divisions require separate mention:-

(i) Cantonments: A clear separation will be made between Cantonments and other are~s and, within a Cantonment, a clear separation ·of strict1y military areas from the remainder. The strictly military region will be put in the hands of .the Officer Commanding and tha l'emainder in those of the Executive Officer (or persons designated br them respectively), and both regions will constitute separate charges.

, {ii) Railway premises: The fact that there is to be no enumeration of travellers by Fail makes it possible to treat railway premises as an integral part of the town' or village in which they lie. But in the case of the bigger station premises and colonies of 'railwny employe~s it will be an advantage to have them enumerated by members of the Railway staff themselves. The Ra~ay Agents will nominate their own officers who will co-operate with the civil authorities in making all arrangements for the enumeration of such Special divisions and will communicate the names of these officers to Collectors. Generally speaking, small rural stations and stations in the smaller towns can be incorporated in the ordi~ary village or 't~~ blocks ... Large stations and j~nctions and eolonies: of Railway emp10yees may be constituted Special divisions, but not unless there are at least 100 or more persons resident in such premises. Similarly, contruction camps and , '.

ballast trains (which have coolies living on them) may be treated as Special divisions. . . (iii) Paris: Except in Major Ports, there will probably not be so many persons

residiu~ within Port limits as to justify the Port being constituted a Special (livision. Exceptiuns may be made where a colony of fishermen may be so situated that it cal}.

most easily he reached by boat.~- In such case the colony can best be included for this particular purpose within Port limits and be enumerated' by the Port sta~. What·-w.e _ are chietly conl'emed with in the case of Forts is the literally floating population, namely persons living 011, board either sea-going ships in harboUl: or canal and river boats. . W.herea considerable number of such boats are likely to be found lying at ll'lllace which is outside but close to Fort limits, those limits may again, be extended to include them and the Pod be made a special bleck. Mgre detailed rules for the" enumex:ation· of sea

going ships will follow to the Collectors concerned.

(e) I~ the Agencies and other wild tract~ it may not be possible to adopt the foregoing proposals for the formation of divisions and appoIntment of sta:II. ' The {lollectors concerned are requested to be so good as to consider what form of organised enquiry should be 'substituted, referring to the'proc~dure adopted at- the Censu~ of 1931. .If paid

agency ia anyw1ier~ ·indispensable, they are requested to 'COm!Uunicate ~ith ... me befo~& -rates a-re" settled.

4

C. Code Number .. These will ultimately be entered on each -enumeration slip. District and Talnk

numbers have already been allotted in -this office and District numbers are already printed at the top of each slip. Taluk numbers will be found_ in the .dist~ibution statement sent 'with my Circular No. 5 of the 24th April. Code numbers for Charges -will be allotted by Collectors in a single series for the district. Outside Municipalities Code numbers for circles and blocks will be allotted by Tahsildars, and within Municipalities by Commissioners, subject to the approval of the Collector, those of circles running in series for each charge and those of blocks running in series for each circle. To take an imaginary instance, the series of numbers" 1-3-4-2-4--120" might mean house No. 120 in block No. 4 (= the village of Rampuram) in Circle No. 2 (= the- villages Ot Rampuram, Sivaputam and Senapet) of charge No.4 (=the sub-tal uk of Lavala) in Taluk No. 3 (= Virala taluk) in District No. 1 (= Konkan district).

D. Procedure. 1. Collectors are requested to divide their districts into charges forthwith, to allot

them Code numbers, to appoint the Charge Supe-rintendents by designation, to communicate these particulars to the officers concerned and to send me as soon as possible a stutement by taluks showing the results. As soon as I receive these statements I will send copies of this and of my previous Circular No.8 for distribution to the Charge Supel'intendent'> of Census towns other than Municipalities and of any Special Charges: sufficient copies of fu_ture circulars regarding preliminary arrangements will also be sent for distribution to these officers.

2. The formation of blocks and circles, earmarking 01 staff and allotment of Code _pumbers should be taken up at once, in Municipalities by the Commissioners, and outside

Municipalities by Tahsildars on the advice of Charge Superintendents, the whole to be subject to approval by Collectors.

3. In forming blocks great care must be taken that all buildings of every description and all other places of human habitation and h~lting places of m~mb~l"s of the floating population be included in one block or another ,and the boundaries be _carefuny checked to see that nothing is left out.

4. Special care is necessary in towns to see that boundaries are precisely defined: ~.g., it is not sufficient to give the name of a st~eet as a boundaI'Y, but it must be a liue

_ 4 ~_' •

running down _the middle of the street. .. . 5, All Census divisions as formed, should be clearly marked out o-n sets of taluk,

town and (where neceBsary~ village maps.

6. When forming special divisions responsible officers should meet and seek the cooperation of the officials or non-officials_ normally)n charge of the places concerned, and should carefully define the limits of the divisions in consultation with them.' The boundaries of census'towns will also require ~areful definitioii~

E. Compilation of Registers.

The registers that will be compiled are, outside municipalities, --the taluk- census _ register, and, within munidpalities, the municipal census registert and 'there will be a .

charge list to -be compiled by every Cliarge Superintendent. J>rinted torms will not b~_ supplied, but the register and list should be drawn up on paper already in the possessi~n of Taluk Officers, Municipal Commissioners and Charge .. Superintendents. The taluk and municipal registers are to be permanently preserved, so should be made- out on durable paper and trtoutIy bound. The charge lists will be in constant use up to the time of the taking of the census, so should also be made out on durable paper.

1. The TaIuk Census Regis_!;er will be compiled in- each TaInk office to cover the whole _:---: taluk (including Stlb-taluks, if any). Its object is to llt_ake ,absolutely certain that llO town, -village (including hatnlets} 01" o~her- place of human' habjta.tion is left out ~f the census network, and also to supply -vari01l8_ kinds of information at a !glance. ~y" other

----------.-

place of human habitation" is meant any plttce where groups of people may be found temporarily residing, such as a constructiop. camp or settlement of shifting cultivators, provided it will probably be still in existence when the census is taken. It will include municipalities, other census towns and villages (etc.), in three separate sections. The register will be retained in the 'l'aluk office, but Revenue Divisional Officers and Collectors are requested to scrutinise it as often as possible in the course or t4eir tours. It will be m the form given in Appendix A, where notes on its compilation have been added.

2. The Charge List will be compiled in duplicate by each Charge Superintendent for his charge, and will be in sections, one for each circle within the charge, in the form. given in Appendix B.

Columns 1 to 4 should be filled in as the formation of blocks, earmarking of staff and allotment of code numbers is completed for eaeh circle. The remaining columns can only be filled in after the house lists h~vE! beeu drawn up. Outside municipalities as soon as columnH 1 to 4 have been ~ompleted for the whole charge, the list should be

forwarded to the Tahsildar of the taluk for confirmation, subject to the' approval of the Collector. When the list has been approved by th€! Collector. it will be returned to the Tahsildar who will fill up columns 1 to 7 in sections II and III of his Taluk Census Regis~ tel' from it. rrhe Tahsildar yill then return the list to the Charge Superintendent who will correct the other copy of the list accordingly ann retain both_ copies with him until the house lists have been drawn up.

In municipalities, when columns 1 to 4 of the Charge List have been completed, the Commissioner will similarly forward one copy of it to the Colledor and, on its return, will fill up columns 1 to 5 (and columns 11 and 12, where introduced) of his Municipal

Census Register. He will also prepare an abstract to send to the Tahsildar of the Taluk supplying the information required for filling up columns 1 to 5 in section I of the ·Taluk

Census Register.

3. The Municipal Census Register will be on the salll_e lines as the Taluk Censll;8, Register, except that it will be compiled ward by ward. In . mu~icipalities where_there has been no town survey, it will be in the form shown in Appendix C. In municipalHies which have been town surveyed additional columns 11 to 16 wil] be opened in which to show for each town survey block the InfOl'matioIl shown f01' each ward as a whole in

columns 6, 7, 9 and 10.

4. In Collectors' olJices.-Collectors are requested to opel! a register showing the taluks in their districts and the charges constituted within each, with their respective code numbers, and to watch for the reeeipt of the respective charge lists. As soon' as any charge list· has been received and approved they· are requested to _ report the fact

to me so that I may s1.lbmit progress rE)ports to the Census Commissioner and the Local Government. They are at the same time requested to report the total number or supervisors in the charge and the total number of enumerators under each language. Collectors are earnestly requested to see that these charge lists are expeditiously but carefully prepared, and that all have been completed not later than the 15th Al;gust 1946, an.-d t;tak~ every opportunity while on tour to scrutinise the work that is being done by the Charg~ Superintendents.

I have the honour t~ .be,

_ Sir,

Your .most obedient servant,

D. a. ELWIN,

Superintendent of Cen8U$_!2pl!!!!t~o""_s

Mad1'lUJ.-

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·Ad~eRjlUDi -to-~e~ ,Nol' •• - datecll8t· Jutte·1940. -reg~rding .' Conipil.tion of kegistera. -

J> .... t.r'Wf

From the .accompanying circular No. 10 regarding preparation of the House. List it will be seen that it is intended to ~corporat& in the m.aking. of the House !Jist a. preliminary count· of the population at its norJD.llpl places

. of resideI?-ce classified under cer1if-in broad headings of religion. It will be neCessary to show t~e rssulta of this count in the T..a.luk and Municipal regist~rs. Acco_rding to the po-tea at the foot of Appendices A and. C to Circular No. 9 8J?ACe should have been left in the Taluk and Municipal Registers for the opening of ~n additional column to show the actual popula:tion as ascertained at 'the Census. In the space so left· Tahsildars and M~nicipal Commissioners are now requested to open a column hea.ded " Household popula.tion a.ccording to ma.in religion," subdividing it into sub-

colun:tns headed Hindus (cla.ssifred und'er Brahmans, Scheduled Ca.stes and Other Hindus), Chl'istians, Muslims, and Othe.rs respectively. Thus:-

Boulebold population according to reliaion.

H.

\ I x. H. . o.

B. s.o. O.H.

I

I

sted that

amongst

there a.re ,'.

This column should in due cqurse be filled up in respect of each Village) y officials Wa.rd an.d Town Survey _Block fr.om the figures given in column 5 of the he Abstracts of the House LISts relatmg to the census blocks of which they are ____ .---'_' -:..~_

villa.ges

composed. ' I...-te;s. There are

CBN8~ OFI'ICE, FORT ST. GEORGE,} &lli JUly 19~O.

of touring officers for

Censut it has boen suggested to rne

r s may· over look the" exi stence . ~ ,"

~-.-.. ~--.----.-~" - -- - ._--'--- _-------enclose a tentative list of ·the vo.rious'touring officQrs from

.'

amongst whom Supervisors m<;lY be selo~ted, though I.d? not claim

that even this list is exhaustive. Within the Revenue Department

itself you will pr6bably be able to find su~table officers

other than ~evenue Inspec~ors, such as Sales Tax Officers and

Minor Irrigation Officers. As regards the selection of

stationary officials and clerks it may be worthwhile pointing out

that it is in the nature of Census duties that they can usually . f'

best be performed out of office ho~rs, in the early mornings or

evenings when people are most likely to be found,.H.t their homes. 'oO. '"'1-''''

2. The several important changes ·'that- are being

No. 539 Consus/40-i. OFF1CE eF', THE SUPERINTENDENT OF ?ENSUS .'~P~ATION~,,, , ~DRAS, "

From

To ',-'

Sir,

, F<?r{St., Ge'oi'ge, "

Dated, the',' 11th June 1940.

CD .. H.,ELWIN';' Esq.;"'O.B'.E." I,.e.s., Sup~rintendent bf Census Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLECT'ORS.

Clrrile Supervisors .. ... - ... oOo--~ .

B (c) 1 In paragraph / of my Circular No.9 it is suggested that

Circle Supervisors should be found so far as possible from amongst .' ,

touring officers of the vari~us Departments, and that, if there ~re

not enough of such touring officers to go round, stationary officials

and clerks may be made Supervisors of circles comp.ri~lng the villages

within a radius of ten miles from their headquarters. There are

many advant,:.ge.s in utilising' the services of touring officers for

these important. supervisory duties, but it has been suggested to me

that there is a' risk that Ta~uk Officers may overlook the 'existence , ... "

of sotne of them I in for~'_;_lating thei.r p'roposals'. 'I acc<?rdingly "

enc16se a tentative list o~ the variotis touring officQrs from

amongst whom Supervisors maY'bo se~octed, though I do not claim

that even this tist is exhaustive. Within the Revenue Department ',:

itself you will pr6bably be' able tQ find su~table officers

other than ~evenue Inspec~ors, such as Sales Tax Officers and

Minor Irrigation Office~s. As regards the selection of

stationary officials and clerks it may be worthwhile pointing out

that it is in the nature of Census duties that they can usually ."

best be performed out of offico hours, in tho early mornings or

evenings when people are most likely to be found<a.t their hokles. .... .,..~ - ..

2. The several important changes that are being

- 2 -, , r

introduc,od ,f3. t ,this Census, in tho enumeration procedure, in the

form of the house list and in the substitution of enumeration slips

for schedules, will require a good deal of explaining to Village

Officers, and it is with the intention of Qssisting the Revenue ", . .. ". :' ,

Department that Circle Supervisors from tho various other Departments ;" ,.: I ., .' , • " , _

are being brought in at an early stage of tho proceedings, this being

made possible by the fact that the Census divisions are being formed

prior to the drawing up of the house list instead of vice versa. The

first part of the Manual of instructions to Charge Superintendents

and Circle Supervi sors, v.rhich will be is sued so soon as the

formation of divisions' in each Charge is complete, vvill contain full

,instructions'as to the enumeration prqco'dure in general and the . . - . '.

. .

making of the house list. I am also addressing a request to Heads

of Departments to ensure that such of their subornina'tes in the . '. "

.. '

districts as are selected for Consus duties get down to them with a "

will from the outset • But this cann'ot affect the general respcmsi-, '

bi~ity of the officers of tho Revenue Department for the efficient

carrying out of all the preliminary arrangements and the training of , . .

all concerned and I would request you to be so good as to see that . Taluk Officers bear this in mind e.

, . 3. As a counterpart,Ef to the utilisation of .the services

of officers of other Departments to assist in these preliminary

stages it is no less important that Village Officers should for their

part be prepared to lend a willing ear to the instructions given them , ..: .

by such officers. The extent to which they will be prepared to do so

without being specifically so ordered is, perhaps, not free from

doubt, and I would request you kindly to consider the issue of

general instructions on these lines to all Village Officers in your . . '

district. I have the honour to be,

Sir, Your mos~. "ed~.e .1\servant,

,. . ) \ , .

II {tt7(~ SUPERINTENDENT OF ~NSUS

OPERATIONS, MADRAS.

List of touring officers of DepD.rtments other than Revenue.

Public Works Department Overseers.

District Panchayat Officers.

Assistant Panchayat Officers.

Inspectors of Local Fund Accounts.

Touring clerks for auditing LOCal Fund Accounts.

Labour Inspectors. L:1.b01T OVOI' 52Sr!3.

Senior Deputy Inspectors of Schools.

Junior Deputy Inspectors of Schools.

Deputy Registrars of Co-operative Societies.

Sub-Registrars of Co-operative Societies.

Senior Inspectors of Co-operative Societies.

Junior Inspectors of Co-operative Societies.

Agricultural Demonstrators.

Health Inspectors.

Touring XXN Veterinary Assistant Surgeons 0

Salt Sub-Inspectors.

Excise Inspectors.

Excise Sub-Inspectors.

Forest Rangers.

Foresters.

Inspectors of Fisheries.

Sub-Inspectors of Fisheries.

Assistunt Inspectors of Fisheries.

Income-~ax Inspectors.

Radio Servicemen.

---000---

No.650 Census/40-l. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, r\:1~DRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George,

. Date~, the 24th June 1940.

D. H. EViVIIJ, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S.,

Superintendent of Census Operntions~

MADRAS.

ALL COLL:'::CTORS.

Municipali ties v;hich have been TO'v,)'n Surveyed -Formation of Census divisions in.

In my Circular No.9 I have said that in this class of

Municipality census divisions should so be formed that they

correspond, ei ther singly or in groups, to 1..vards and Tovm Survey

blocks, the object being that it should be possible to extract

totals of population and housing for each such ]JIunicipal di vi sion,

A complication arises in Cases where a Hunicipality is divided into

Electoral Wards .uhose boundaries do not correspond with those of

its Town Survey divisions but cut across them. In such cases it

is the Town Survey divisions that should be adhered to, rather

than the Electoral boundaries, for Town Survey divisions enjoy a

pe rmanency 'Nhich does not attach to Electoral wards 1fiThose limi ts

are subject to frequent fluctuations. If there are any such

Municipali tie s in your district, I YTOuld be glad :t~ if you would

kindly instruct their Commissioners that census blocks and circles

should correspond, either singly or in groups, to the major and

minor ~ Town Survey divisions rather than to the Electoral Wards.



r-::Jl"\ \ .. ret j /v:jX, 1\')1;\J\.A~ __ ---(>,' ~

for SUPERI NTENDENT OF C:SNSUS OPSRATIONS, HADRAS. .

, No.62 Census/40-9. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, HADRAS,

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 29th June 1940

D. H. EVNIW, Esq., O.B .. E.,. I.G.S.,


MADRAS.

The Collector of.

;ensus of 1941 - Enumerators - Offer of services by studant~ of schools and colleges.

A point stres~ed by the Census Commissioner for India

;in connection v~ri th the forthcoming census is the desirabili ty of

arousing the interest and co-operation of universities and

similar' bodies. He has suggested publicly that students of

economics, statistics or .social science should be encouraged to

volunteer for enumeration duties, in order both to give a lead

to the publi~ and to benefit themselves as giving them active

experience of the technique of enumeration and contacts with

the people which may prove valuable to them in later private

researches. Students of this type would probably be

particul~rly useful in the difficult industrial areas in the \ .

larger towns in which resident and competent enumerators may be

difficult to find.· In such areas the density of the population

may make it necessary to allot a smaller number of houses to

each enumerator than the general average of 150, while the

variety of types to be found there makes it particularly

desirable to appoint enumerators' of an educ~ted and intelligent

type.

The Director of Public Instruction, whom I approAched

for assistance, assures me that ~tudents from a number of

Training Schools and Colleges would be keen and ~nxious to

offer themselves for enumeration duties. He has consulted the

~ .• : ':

authorities concerned and several of them have al-ready replied "

s ta ting the number of such students lMho 1iiould be available.

Others are awaiting the re-opening of their institutions early in'

July before replying. I append a note of the Training Schools

and Colleges in your district which have already volunteered

assistance and of tne nurn'be~ ~f ~nUine!'ator.s" they,

offer to pr~v1de, and will itifo~m you as soon as possible of any

further offers of volunteers from other such institutions.

It will clearly be an advantage to avail ourselves of

these offers, particularly in industrial areas. It is, however,

important'lth~tr \5hiy' sU:6h'J stta~Wf~:~ s'~lo~ld""be 2 '~'~j;~iht~d:"~~~~~~'to~'~":

who can g~ t~li~~f~ ohC1!to: ':t~~e ':)~ ~~~I"ih~~r~ ~ {) ih~' th~ ~~J;k C', aild1 ~:~b~ ~: T

will~;;~~ k~6~·j~Hg~gh; ito"{Aake C~tt'~~~e::i~~~:';f~l;:iiy 't~~iii~f)~ft~'~! t?i~'Yl0 -..,. r. ' ....

areas allotted to them during the period intervening before the

enumeration takes place. I 'would therefore suggest that the

Charge Superintendents concerned should be instructed to meet the

authorities of the several institutions and decide definitely

in consultation with them the individuals to be selected.

No.

I have the honour to' be,

Sir,


SUPERINTENDENT OF C~NSUS : OPERATIONS, .1:1hDRAS~· , i. '

, ~ll9.12£~",,'/*';::, '[,., ',': ",' of volunteers available from Training ,S~l1oo1s a1).~ ,G.ol-].ege$:,fQ:r '~'nume:ration C'

work.

No.942 C~)n./40-2, Offico of tho Superintendent of

Census Operations, Madras.

From

To

D. H. EL~IN Esquire, O.B.~., I.C.S.,

All Collectors.

AU'~~;l_'_st

I;:nniciT'allti(:;';s nhich h':i.V8 bCE.'D TO'_,n ~"3urv.:-:l<?d -F'orr""'l ti on of CcnsL~s ca vi sions - I3loc~\:s.

One or t-TO Comr__')_i 0:; sioncrE:; of T':unici~: c.11 tiC's ,',Thj_ch

hnve been To"rn Surveyec_ have dra';m Ely ccttention to the f(}__ct

that in some c.r sos TO-I'.;n Survey Blocl~s :J.rc~ so ,sEla11 tht:.t

it is not Ylorth -while mal'Linc; c.::?ch such To~;!n Survey Blocl;:

2_ sep2.rD.te Census Block 2nd appOJ_ntinc a sep3.rate enumer8.tor

to it. It i s ~ hO-"T8vcr, be t tor t:-.. <l t e 3.ch 2.nd every To~dn

extr' ctec1 for it. But '7hore the Censu~~ Blocl~ so fOI'!,'8Cl.

If~' ,;I' ~

is .3. very small ()ne, t:Lere is no h,,)rn. in Gronping it -,,'i th

one or Llorc otlv:=:T Census BlocL.:s and put:'::_n~ -cLen t02>st:-~· r

. in Crl3.r c;e of 8. ,::; i.nel e enur,.'2rc'. tor. If there are any such

Municipalities in your district, I would be gl:d if you .'

YTould kindly instry.ct their COD.1nissi')neJ' 8.ccord:Lngly_

I hav:-:: tLe honour to be,

Your T.:.10 S t

From

To

Sir,

OFF!~:m OF' trHE\ aUPERTNTENDI!lNT ~ ,.j OF C=:lJSUS OP:;;RATIONS, l:''>.DRAS,

Fort st. George, Dated the '3rd AUGust 1040.

D. ~i • :G 1 '. [i n ~ E sq., O. B • E ., I. C • [3 • ,

Superintendent of Cc:-~sus Oper:3ticns,

I1ao.rf.\.s.

All Collectors

Census, 1941 - Formation of Ce~sus Divisions Circul:---,r ~Tc.', da.ted the Is t JunE: 194:0.

I'ly attention has just been clI'ann to an error vTJJich I

have made in fru~ing the illustrative entries in Arpendix A,

Talul~ Census Register, Suction II - Census To'.'m:3 ot:18l' tllQn

Lh:.nicipali ti,?s, Colurm 7 - Blocks and in Appendix C, :,~un1:cipal

Ce:'lSUS Rs::;ister, Colur"ll '-1 - Blocks. In these colFr,Yls :;: hi'<.VO

sho-.-m the Coele .~Junb8rs of Dlocks 2.S rllYll1ing in Ft si:V',:le series

f or t-"jO ,,[1101'-' of :'-, i,,]:-,1"Q') ~y-.C't,,::,.·'Q' o_f vl_ .......... ,,~ 'CJ __ . .! ~., ..... , _'; . .l. .. :;. V_-t. _ in [}. separs. te .::eri"-; s for

r~n in series for eac~ c~rcle. I rerret the error, b~t in point

of fact it rsally dOGS not m&tter which system is &(l()}Jtc~d_ , -;,'

PQrticul,s.rly ::.2 it is u!lli~=e]_y that any ",'lard c,'rill cons~L;)t of more

and

body of the

S1_:;Jcr:Lnt snciea t s I

circl:'.J.ar rat~,er

'-:ill

thc~ ill u --::i,pc, Ll ve entric s

to go :KEN: to the expense of j_ssni:::vs iJ_n :::-;rrab.1fJ1 to 8.11 rccip:~_"~nts

O ""J. tll.O::> C -~ -n C''''' 1 .-. r " c .L J. l.> ~,:", , so "ion.ld llref(:';r to le::~vc; it as 'i. -'c is 7 ~JLJ.t Jould

request you to issue suitD~lG i~str~ctions in the event o~ any

Charge Sunerinte~dent referrin~ the question to you.

I h::tY0 t:18 honour to be

Sir,

Your rno~t obedient servant

«J . //\ M,IAA ---

v ~.

For SUPERIT-!TZIJDU:T " ~.,~ -

.•.. "

, Letter No .605 Census!40-29. OFFICE OF THE SUP:CRINTT~NDENT OF CEnSUS OPERATIONS', MADRAs.,

From

To

Sir,

Fort st. George, Dated the 19th August 1940

D. H. Elwin, Esq., O.B.E .. , I.C.S.,

Superintendent of Census Operations, Uadras

All Collectors

Census -- 1941 - Enumerators - Urdu-speaking - appointment of.

I find from the particulars of Charge Lists furnished

by one or t'rlO Collectors thD-t n very fei,'[ Urdu-speaking enumerators

are amongst those who have been earmarked. I fenr that the expense

of translating and printine copies of the enumerator's Booklet of

Instructions in Urdu for a smnll number of Urdu-speaking enumerators,

YJ'Ould be too great, \vhile the intrusion of 'i,

a limited number of

enumeration slips '.7i th entries in Urdu would vnstly complicate

the processes of sorting and tabulation. I request you, therefore,

kindly to confine your choice of enumerators to persons kno'.'dng

either-English, Tamil, Telugu, :Halayalam or Kanar€se only.

in any predominantly Muslim locality it is desirable that

Where---

enumeration should be done by Muhar'illlD..dan enur.1eratdrs, will you , .; .. -

please choose _ ~lIuharamadans who are conversant vli th one of these

other languages? If none are availo.ble., a non-liTuhamrnadan.

enumerator might be appointed wi th one pr more unofficial Jluhammac1ari

assistants to a~cor.'1pany him on his rounds. If c:ny Urdu-spE?aking

enumerators have already been selected, they mn.y kindly be

replaced and the 13.nguClge in 1'Tliich the Dooklot of Instructi_Q.ris is ,--~,/; -"'

required for their substi tutes be reported to ~h_i.s ofi"ice.

I have the honour to be

Sir,


" t.'"

No. 1466 Census/40~1. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT_ OF CBNSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS, .

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 8th October 1940.

D.H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S., Superintendent of Census Operations,

]liIADRAS •

The Collector of Chingleput.

CENSUS, 1941 - Uninhabited villages - Treatment of in the census divisions.

Ref: Your letter R.O.C.No.579/40-B.7 dated 4-10-1940.

Th~ main reason for the formation of blocks in terms of

villages is to preserve the identity of every village, so that the

series of code numbers relating to the concerned block will readily

identify each enumeration slip with the village to which the

individual enumerated belongs. Uninhabited villages may, therefore,

be divided into two classes, namely those in which it is possible

that persons may be found residing next February, and those in

which there is no likelihood of any persons being found. An

uninhabited village of the first class should be constituted a

separate block and be given a distinct block number, but may be

grouped with ,the nearest inhabited block and placed under the , "t .. - un

enumerator of the latter block. Anltinhabited village of the second

class may, as you suggest, simply be entered in the Charge-List

next to the nearest inhabi ted block wi th a note to the effe-ct that

:it is uninhabited, but need not be made a separate block Or be

-given a separate cod-e number.

Copy to all other Collectors.

I have the honour to 1?e-.," Sir, __ ."

Your most obedi~t servant, _.,

SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, ~~DRAS. _.!Iy,' -

No.1501 Census/40-1. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS,. MADRAS,

Fort st. George, Dated, the 12th October 1940.

From

To

Sir,

D.H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C .. S., Superintendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS, 1941 - Formation of special Railway divisions •.

This subject was dealt with in my Circular No.9 dated the 1st June 1940, according to which the initiative in the formation of any special Railw~y blocks, circles or charges that might be necessary was left to the civil authori ties. ~ The intention was that, if the civil authorities considered it necessary that any such speCial divisions should be formed, they should seek the co-operation of the Railway authorities, and form the divisions in consultation with them: the Railways, for their part, would nomin~te certain officers to co-operate with the civil authorities in forming the divisions and appointing enumeration staff for them •.

From what I have, seen of Charge .Lists in the course of my recent tours I gather that it is only in a very few cases that it has been thought necessary to make any special Railway divisions, and in these cases I presume that the consent and co-operation of the local Railway authorities has been.obtained. But I am not sure whether the fact that these divisioris have. _ been formed has been in all case s communicated to the of-ficers _.'---'--nominated by the Railway Companies -whom- (in the case of theMadras and Southern Mahratta Railway at any rate) I understand to be the Railway District Engineers. For_ I have just received from the Nadras and Southern Mahratta Railway a li.st of 65 stations in which they say that they will themselves undertake enumeration, 'and I understand from them ·that this list has been"·_ compiled in their off'i~e'and that it is not based on, any reports received from Collectors. I' do not know whether the South India~ Railway. Company have also prepared any such list for their stations or not.

It is obviously necessary to avo~d arty confusiQn between the census divisions formed by the civil authorities and those which the_ Madras and Southern Mahratta pr any of -the' other -Railway Companies propose to form. I think it probable that of'--. the 65 stations' inc-louded in the Madras, and Southern Ivlahratta Railway list many have already been included in the -.~FdinaI'~- -civil blocks and circles fprmed by the civlT authoritiea. --/----I request, therefore, that you will as soon as possib~~~inrorm the officer nominateJi by the Railway Company with-which your' district is concerned of' any specia~ Railway divisions which it has been found necessary to form in your district and-make it clear that it· is' only in these divisions that it is -desired that the Rail1!'lay authori ties should themselves conduct the enumer/atfo_n.

Copy to all Rai~ ways.

for SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OP?~ATIONS, MADRAS.

No.1502 Census/40-l. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF ... CENSUS OPERATIONS ~ MADRAS,

From

To

Fort St. Ge.orge, . Date~~ the 14th October 1940~

D.H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S., . Superintendent of Census Operations,

IIJIADRAS.

The Collector's of Malabar·,. The Nilgiris ~ Chingleput and Trichinopoly.

The Commissioner, Corporation of ·Madras.'

CENSUS, 1941 - Cantonments -House-Listing and Enumeration.

In my Circular No.9 dated theIst June 1940 I said that no special instructions would b,e issued in regard to the enumeration of special di vi.sions, vvhich include Cantonments, but that the normal procedure would apply and that .the processes of House Listing and Enume.ration would'be carried out by'the staff of the special division ~n question. In normal times I do not think that any difficulty should arise in applying the normal procedure to Cantonments. House Lists can be·prepared for military areas as well as for any other areas. It is only residential quart~rs that need be e~tered in the lists andi of these:) all separate 'living quarters can pe entereo. as "private dwellings ll , while barracks in which a number of men are housed· can sui tably be entered as IT insti tutions" • 'iTvhere the houses already have military numbers, these can be entered in column 1 of the House List form instead of· census serial numbers. Enumeration, too, according~ to the revised procedure should present no difficulty. A period of two weeks is available in which to conduct it and, cantonments being efficiently organised umdts~ there should be no trouble over finding the necessary enumeration stafr and carrying out the enumeration at the times most qonvenient to the military authorities ..

Present times are not normal in that the military scene is one of constant change and movement. Units are being raised and transferred and it is impossible for the mi~itary authorities to forecast what the position will be in F~bruary next. But the very fact that any such forecast is impossible makes it equally impossible to devise any special procedure YlThich vlould cover all eventuali ties. The only course ':l therefor~, is so far as possible to adhere to the normal procedure on the assumption that the position next February will be much the same as it is now, but at th€ same time to make the normal procedure as fluid as possible so·as to cause the least inconvenience to the Tllili tary authori ties. The followingcsuggestions are, therefore,:! offered in the hope that they may facilitate matters:-

(1) In all matters relating to the census it is desirable that arrang~ments should be made and correspondence conducted vd th the officers commanding stations rather than "Nith those commanding units as the latter are liable to movement from one station to another;

(2) The military census staff may be appointed now by designation and not by name, names bei_ng supplied only very -

- 2 -

shortly before the enumeration actually takes place. The training of military enumerators may also bo loft ,to the last possible moment when a special class should be held for them by some responsible civil officer;

," . :' :', (3) House Lists should be prepared now on the 'as~ump::t;i,:6n that present condi tions will cont.:i-liu8' to obtain next FeDru~rY., They can be corrected and brought into line with the a¢-tual 'c6nditions then obt$.ining immediately before the enUmeration takes place;

(4) As regards the ~numeration of members of miiitary uni ts, what vve . are' chiefly, congerned to ensure is that overy man is counted once and included in our figures provided he is still alive on the 1st March~ it matters little where he is counted. Officers commanding units which arc not lik~ly to move during the enumeration PQriod may, therefore, arrange for the enumeration to be conducted on any date convenient to them during the second half of FebruarY,and may enumerate all their personnel at one and the same time, ignoring the instructions as to the enumeration of the "inmates of institutions" and "floating population" on the morning and evening of the 28th February. As soon as the enumeration has been conducted, the slip-pads may bo handed over to the'nearest civil authority to be ,designated 'by the Collector of the district. Thereafter it 'will' only remain for' the ~:K':X'*:x officer comElanding the unit to report to the said civil authority any corrections that 1J.1C1-ybe necessary with reference. to sunrise on the 1st March, ~nd this he can' do Wherever-th~ unit may be in th~ event of its h~v~n.g' been moved meanwhile. Finally, under' special instructions recoived from the Census Commissioner which are,of all~India ~pplication, ' the. enumeration of any units' vvl1ich are likely to move out of thei.r' 'station after, the 1st ,February. and ,before the 1st ~[arcr will' be ~?nducte'd at tpeir s.tatioh before- ,they move.

, 1 would be glad if. you vrould kin,d1.y communicate the contents of 'this letter to the officers cOJ;rimarrding the military 'st,ations' in Iyour district and lot me' know~. rvhether any further

, spe.Gl.fl.l difficulties ari.se. I may me,ntfop,tjla't the Government of ,India, have. ,ruled' -that all :6xpondi ture ~ on e,riumeration (which ,includes, House Listing etc.) ibn cantonments should be met by the ci~li~~ry,arithoritie~.

I, have the honour to be,

Sir,


SU~ER:I,NTbNDENT OF C~NSUS " ,OPERAT IONS, MADRaS.

Circular lI{o. 10. O:nICE ~F TIm ,SUP~TEND~NT OF'

CENSUS' Ol'ERATIQNB, MADRAS, \, •• "'., 1-"

FORT ST. ,GEORG&,

Dated the 9th July' 1940.

FROM

To

'SIR,

D. H. ELWIN: ESQ., O~B.E., I.C.S.,

Superintendent ofo Qensus Operations,

ALL COLLECTORS

THE COMMISSIONEiR. OF COOBa

CENSU~ of 1941-· Preparation of the H~use;List., NOTE.-The contents of this' cir~ular apply gener_ally to ~oth' rural areas, CensuS

towns other than M,u11,-icipalities a.nd M,unicipu.lities, except, where some .differ, , ences ~'n d;tail h;ave been specified" and also to speetal divisions. .. Taksildar "

'as U8ua~ also means a. Deputy Tahsilda:r, in independent charge of a Taluk ..

House Lists will be pr~pared 'ill -~ach Charge so' soon as tlie formation of, Census divis~ons and earmarking of staff is c~mpl~t~ fOi; that ~harge.; Outside M;unicipalitie~

they will be prepared by t1).~ Village"Officers;' within Municipalities by the most suita.ble ' !~U;iii6ipal,~inplo~ees):' ,prefera.blY of the, ,status of Oircl~ 81,lpervi~or; in Special di~isiQns· by'tl{e' sta,fI \0£ th~ divislon con~~ed.." -

,. "~ '~' " .

2. A separate Hous~ tist ~ 'pe prepared fo~ each ceusus block, but the -~rial 'numbers allotted to the houses in the lists will run in' ~" single series for the whole of 1,t

village or the whole\ of a" town ward, as the case may ~:·:-'.·That IS -to sa.y, the' person ma.king the H'()tise List will complete, the listing of a.11 the houses to' be listed:-ill"one _ _ . I , 1

block and then I go to the ne:xt, block aI:\d, beginning on :1' separate sheet of paper, :will list all the houses to be li~ted ,in' that blpck, but, will continue a sin~le serieS-of' numbers !i'om pne blo~k to the, next until ,the list has yeen completed fo!, ihe, whole village or ward.' In Municipalities wpich have beeurTovifi' slir'ti3yed the ward referreq to will be the Town Survey Ward or J)ivisio:q, not' th~ electora! ward. ,.,," '.,

3. In Municipalitie&-' which. have a complete arid up-to-date system- of· M;uni~i:p~L ntlmbers, Covei"ing all the houses in the Municipality, the M;unicipal numbers of -the ,. houses may be us~d and entered ill coliimn 1. of the House List in~ead of census serial numbers. Other JY.(unicipalities. may consider the desirability of taking the opportunity of the making of the Ho~se List to bring' their M1!nicip'al numberin~ system. up-to.,;date. But it must be remembered that the census deniiition of 1i. " house .', (see pa.ragra.ph 8 (a)' (i) below) wi}! not always corres~nd, t~ the ;M unlciHaldefinition o'f a' house, anQ.

;- where more than one censu~ '~'housfl'," 'is' contain.ed·in 'a ' Municipal-hoose-1r~;specia.i· " census sub-number ID'!lst be allotted to each such censUs house; Similarly, any house to.

be ,entered in the House List which has not been given a ::M;unicipal numbeJ"~ust.oo-. \' , . - --~--=-- .' allotted, a census sub-number. ' " ','

4. 'While the ,H~use, List' is being made 'o~t for each' blook~ the enumerator of that-' block (if he is someone other t;han the ViHage Ofiice;r or Municipal employee roakingeout the- list) should make a pOInt of accompanying the, person who is drawing up the list in order to acquaint himself. with all the ,houses in his block and n::take- sure tha.1f nothing is, omitted. ' " , , --., I, , ./ '

t _, r"

5. After the list has been 'prepa.l'e(i an.d the. Abstract of 'it, p:lade out by 'the: Village <OfiiceI" or ::M;l1nicipal en;tployee ' c'otlcetned, it should be kept)n safe custody either: by the

.village ' Karnam ,or el~e' in the M ~jcipal 'Office uhtil ~hortl,. ~ b~f6ra', the ~tual ~'riod of

-e:r:mmeration. "" ~en ,it; will be', ha.'1lded over to th~ $lum~rator of' the' ,block concerned', together wikh.;'the , e.tium~~ation "slijl .. pads. It win,' 'holy,~yer~ ~lWlays l>~ ,j-open 'to inspection .and ckeck' by su~iqt officers, and;' will require', B!U :the Sbro;~iAiY' that· can 1.be given it by Divi~io.r,.al 9:a;~r,~;; Ch~rge,Supe~intendents ~n(l Citcle SU:~~!~~O slmul~ check I a. portion of 'th~ et'ltri€~ whenever they. happen to b,e visiting t'ge '~i;mi, anq_ Imllk;€ it. note' under'the'ir i'nitials in the list showing tlle houses. whic.h ,they have 'CJlecltEl~;::}Jorrebti6ris may ais~', where necessary, ,be rriade' under, th~i:r' initials~' houses"' wi.·0l.1gi.Y;:~~~~4 ~eing .$t~ck out with all the entrjes relat~ng to them anq hOl)ses wrongly omitte(Vpeil!:f(~e~teJ;'ed ,in their proper· places; any house so entered should he' giVen a sub-number.' "

'. I _ • r ,:- ! " .' \ .' , '. . ,,_ , " ~ '.<j _.'

" 6. Printed forms will not be J?'upplied for the House List which should be made 'out

<>n pape~ already ilf "t~e':h~rids of Village .or 'Muni~ipal ?:oocers. , 7.' DivIsiorial Officers should personally' instruct Clfarge Superintendents in th~

,manner (explained :b~low) in which the ,work s4ould. be 'don&~~taltip,g t~~m 'wit4 them :and ~ra\Yi.ng· up' before them ,a: specimen, list for a portion of '~ ~~l~ct~d °Villa-ge, 01'- to~ . . 'These officers in the4" turn' should instruct their, Supervis<?rs apd, rIpe' Village . O,~ce~s lill -their 1m'isdictions 'in the ~me manner,. arid' Municipal ¢ommission~s s)io~ld' ,do likeWise

, with 'their .subol"dina.t~s. ' ,InstructiiH;l should begin at, the earliest, ~pl~ rilOment so " ~, I' ", ~ , : • ...., ~-I' , 1 "-

,tha~ ,the WOrk tllay be correctly <,lone' from' the o'utfjet. . . ," " , ,"

.' - ./ ' .f >, ,._ I : r 8. The Hous~ List will be in the form shown in Appendix I, -the 1:otm:jor use 1U

,. ~...' • ; • ,.;; I " '

Municipalities differing slightly as sho~n in noie 2 to the' App'endix, The,f~~g are, .detailed instructions for its prepa~ation:- - , ", '

.' ,,<a) :The qlJ.~J, 4o~~s that wiD. ,~ entered hl the liSt ar~ hou~ ordinarily :residences, " i~e., houes in' 'which bu~ 'beings live,' Wlte ,their, ~ and sleep. '

,; " ~: ,J .... ",: " , • _ ' • ' "~ • • , - }

-suGh h-ou.ses sit1aa~ed within 'Railway,; Port or !Jthe:r such ,limitS, w,here these limjts have . not' been con,stituted spe~ial divisions, will' be entered in the ordina'l:'Y Rouse List of tfi~ 'I '. " I ,. ',I •

block.) B;6uses ordinarily used,' as re,sidences are of t~o kinds: Private d~ellings _and , .Ites.i.dentia,l Public Institutions., ' ,-'- ,,: ' "-;.~,. :,', ,,' '

• c •• ,' - - ,"',:",' - - T' \T ~'<f'f_' _" .. , ::-=-:~ , .. ~~~;o',,~,,-:,I~''''L' t (i). Privaw 'dwellings :LAU ' th~-'private ' d/we1liugs <ln~";t~~';ib~:~<~'~ehtei:'ed

,'llrat,in series' iri, th~ Iis( ,To the~~ ·will ,_ap.ply the iG~sp;~, d~tililti#:1it;k ,'~ 'ho~~e' 'I which is t~ same as i~,~ i931 ~ n~me~y 1 ev'~i.Y d~e~i:Qg ,with; ~ a _ separat~ main, entrance. Thja .definition cOiit~in!il, ,three: criterIa,"~' dwelling;? "[separate" and !' main." ,,' Dwell'.. C

. ' ,", "', .~ r , , ", " ' , '~,

in~ " means: that ,it ',~ '~ place where; hnnlan, 'beiri~ ,have; thW'f abode. Thus ;ruined ' , hoUses. ,.ci1;tle .. shedg~; s.ta.~1e.s aud Oll~h()llseg, ~re not indu'd~d." i But, .iInop<Hlpied, ,heu"as'

whiCh '.are fit fo!.:. Q'ccupation and -hou~k ~hich 8xe-'under' c9Pst:ructign )n:td '''wnt''1)~ably ,h~ tini~hed pefor~,.the ,Census is ta.ken, j;;hR,~~d be;included. '. :' ,~pa!a~'$ tilimns--llia{ , th~ occupants, <?! the' dwelling should n~f In' or~r.;,:.:ttJ; reach' 'It. haove t.o trav:erse any -room. , .or h~1) used' for living pprpose.s.' by occupants of ,ano~het dwelling. Thw; th~ enffa~:

UlSiY, be from a street or y~rd, all~yway or landing used: ~ ;,~()~Qn"w~~; n..~~~J. .. !:ntt UlU;st e not b~ from a; livi:qg-rpom or h3J),)\1)#9~,( ~Pcch.~bour~, ~~~h,4.:~~~~:' li\Ti~~, p~os.e.s.· <,i .Main ., ~e&ns that th~ ;~i ¢'~~,,:~~~~::'~tna.t· regularly -used .. -by~p~n;ons\-enteri:ug tl1.~' d~elling . al;ld that it~sho~!d__:l)i ~:;~~:!!4~:of,.& rlormf;\l ~d Ieeegnisab1&, type. , Thus ~nrlep,e~-de:pt a.ccess, by a. window,. 'a:~i-i~4oor or<rlIole-.i'1r t~ilr wall'- would not justify th~ rating.,'()f ~ dw~lli~g as' a Census ~f .l;lQuse ": nor, would, ,the ~ presence o~,:.a.,nev;er or .rarely used dOOl:. \ ,

,; , ; ~

Every pri"Vate dwelling that satisfies, this> ,de,finition will ,have ~,a a~a.i$~ 'entry , iIf tX,lun;uls: ,,}", and'.z slid the name of its prineipal'o&;upatll. wil{be b~' ',in' Cdlu'riui S; ~;~f", '~at,h, sep&l(ate :tlat; in a block of flak, ~ eaeh Separate q'u~~t '.in 8" ~ol~e'>liA6 or line: ';Of, se"~nts' ,; godoWn$ in a bungalow 'compQvuu' and' so on: . ':Briv{l;te':ib\r~llittga: ''o/iIJ.' ~clu4e "1ihy' s~aire ~mt~nii~l' q~iters ·oc~upi~a. 'by 'm~mbets ",01' !h~C""sta1f,id_;4:mitrc'ifisMtUtibn~~ ,such as hoSpitai~ ~nd :;lths, Railw~y and' P()t:t premises ~n:d ,so on,r:when such,'qua~rs, are"entered in ,th~,",lig.t~, th~itia1iure~'o,f the.' qua.t:tfu;s shoutd"ml~ be :entelied i~ ',column 3

;-alo:p.g' ",,jth ,th~ Iiam~ or th~' princiipal oooupa.~t.." 'Fmate :(fweglhgs Win' a~ 'include such '~r~tttises as hotelti J' IDt1'g'ing.rhoffiles" and -:-~"Ve'h : Qffroes ; ,Or' shops if tlhe owner, or j>r.:opi;W~~

• '" • :, • '. : F

3

and his family or a· watchman or caretaker permanently resides in sueh -premises and has not got a separate home of his own elsewhere .. (In suoh cases·& ·hotel or ;lodging~ house will receive two entrfes in the list, first as a private dwelling in columns ]: ,t~ 5·

. and 7, and again at the end' of the \ list as a plaee where mernber~ of the floating population are likely to be found in columns 3 and 6 ·only. Si~ilarly in, such cases a shop will' receive two entries, one as a private dwelling in columns 1 tq 5 and 7, and again as a shop in column e.) When separate families ocoUPY parts of the same h~use and their rliffererlt dwellings cannot be rated as distinct Census .~ houses," the whole house will receive a single entry, but the head of each of the separate families living in it should be entered in column 3 and the connected particulars in respect of, each family be entered separately in columns 4 and 5. Temporary dwellings, such as huts erected in the fields for the use of persons watching crops, need not be entered; nor need the huts of members of wandering tribes who move from place to place. ,

(ii) Residential Public- Institutions :-Any residential public institutions in the block will be entered in series in the list after all the private dwellings have been entered. Under this heading come hospitals, jails 'and other such institutions in which people actually reside, though they aTe not permanent residents of the institutions in question,

I namely, the in-pati:ents, prisoners, etc. 'l'hey do not include office buildings, factories, workshops, Railway stations or Port godowns and so on which, though occupied during the day, cannot be classed as residential buildings. As stated in the previous paragraph .:my sepa~ate residential quarters o~cupied by the staff of !:iuch institutions and premises will be separately entered in columns 1 and 2. All the remaining buildings of such institutions, e.g., the wards of a hospital or prisoners' blocks in a jail, will be lumped together and a single entry be made' in respect of each institution. This will be given a serial

number in.colum~ I"and its name and description will be noted in column 3, but it :will not r€'ceive any.entry in column 2. A temple .:maVi -be classed as a rel;!id~ntial pubbc

<.\natitu..tion a!ld entered in columns 1 and 3 if there ~r~ pe:p'!ons regularly residing ~,on the . t6m:pl~, p~.tQisea; otherwi~e it. need net be entered at all, unless it happens to come un{lef sub-pa'ragraPh . (b) , below. '

(b) Apart from houses ordin~arily used as residences the ~ Dnly other places to be entered in the liRt are places where members of the "floating population' L·are, likely to be ,found, such as a hotel or choultry, a boat-stand or any premises on which the houseless poor and vagrants are accustomed to spend the night. These will all 'be entered togetter at the end of the House List for the block after the ,Public Institutions, and, like Public Institutions, will be entered by name ana' ilescription in column 3, but will not be given any entry _ in . column 1 or 2. Amongst them will be included the names of a~ny streets in which vagrants and poor people are likely to be found sleeping.

(c) Column 4 is o?ly to be filled up in respect of people normally residing in private dwellings (only those entered in column 2) ; that is to sa.y, it will show the usual resident popUlation of each such house, or numbe~ of people whom you would ordinarily expect to find living there:- This will iucl_ude both members of the family and thek

.servants residing in the same hQuse. Only the total number 'of residents under ~ each ,of the four heads need .be given. Where more than one family occupies the same _h~use.~. particulars should be entered in respect of e~ch family separately. Childreh- WIll be boys_ 'and girls up.der 14 years of age; others will be treated as adults. No entries should b.~

made in column 4 in respect of the occupants of public institutions entered in- eol"limn, 3 or of the floating population.

(d) In column {5 a.gainst each household popUlation shown in column 4 will be entered the religion to .which the members or majority of members of that household helong. It will be entered under the following headings only, entries being made by

. n1.eans of the initial letters shown in brackets after each heading :-Hindu sub-divided into Brahman (B), Scheduled Caste (S.C.) ~nd Other Hindus (O.H.), Chri~ian (X),

I Muslim (M), and' Others (0). N a entries need be made in this column in respect of ihe inmates of·· institutions and members of the floating population to be shown in column 6. A list of th~ Scheduled Castes in· the Presidency is givel)._, in Appendi~ III..

~ -__ --=--

bl

4

(e) In column 6 entries will be made in respect of' (i) the occupants of residentia.l public inatitutions ent~red in cohimn"3 who are not permanently resident there, namely tha inrpatients in hospitals, prisoners' in jails and so on, and '(ii) members of the " floating population .. such as lodgers in hotels and choultries and persons li~ely to be fOllnd at the places mentioned'in paragraph (b) above. '1'he number 'to be ' entered is the average number of such persons likely to be found in each, such place in' the month of February. In' making these entries under head (ii) the definition of "floating populati9n " given in my Circular No. 8 must be carefully borne in mind. People should not be included who, although they may happen to stay for a night or two in the bloc~, are really members of th«iJ "household population" who will be enumerated at their homes elsewhere; e.g., cartmen who come for a night to. a cart-stand and return next day t'o their own place.

<I) In cE>lumn 7 entries will again only be made' In respect of private dwellings entered in column '2. A" :fl'ukka 'house" is one ha1'ing walls o_f brick, stone or concrete, whatever the nature of the roof may be. A" Kutcha house " is one having walls of mud or any still less durable material. All pukka houses will be shown in one column (except in Municipalities where they will be shown in two columns according as to wh~ther they have one .or more storeys. In Municipalities detached or garden bungalows will also be shown in a separate column). ~utcha ho11ses are divided into two classes, those with tiled roofs and those with thatched roofs. Some houses may be partly pukka and partly kutcha, or partly tiled and party thatched. In such cases it is the general construction. of, the ma~or portion of the house that should be taken into consideration.

(g) In column 8 a note wiu be made of each.shop in the block as the person making the house-list comes to it. All that we want to know is the total number of shops iIi. the block. It does. not matter whether th~ shop is part of a dwelling-house or a separate shop premise, or whether it has received an entry in any other column or not. Only recognisable shops of a more or less permanent nature should' be entered. Temporary or movable booths or stalls should not be entered. Tea-s~ps, coffee hotels, toddy~shops and lodginghom;es where no sale~ of material goods are made but only of food or drink. to be consumed on the premises should be omitted. In the case of markets containing a number of shops, if the market is a permanent one wherei~ shop-owners regular]y- carry -o:q business in more or less permanent structures, the total number of such shops in it should be e;!tered. If the market is only held at int~rvals and stall-holders in it come and go, no entry should be made in respect of it at all. i

9. A9. ~oon as the House List' has been completed, for each block, an Abstract of it will be prepared for that block. This will be in th<e form giv-~n in Appendix II. In col:l1mn 1 will be entered the total number of buildings to which serial numbers have been all?tted in the block, i.e., the total number of private dwellings a.nd public resi~

dential institutions in the block. In column 2 will be entered the total number of private dwelJings only. In column 3, whose heading. differs from that of the' cOJ;responding column of the House List itself, will be entered only the names of the principal occupants of European and Anglo-Indian households '(if' anyL which 'for linguistic reasQn.s it is desirab~e that an English-speaking Oircle S1,lEervisor should himself enumerate. In columns 4, 6, 7 and 8 will be entered the totals of the corresponding. columns in the Ht)llS~ List. In column 5 will be entered' the total number of 'members of. the household· popula_..tion of private dwellings under each religion heading, thus. e,g.,

B.21, O. H. 89,

X. 15,

etc. Outside J\1;unicj.palities the Abstract will be checked. by Revenue Inspectors and

Oircle Supervisors and. forwarded to the Charge Superintendent who, aft~r receipt and scrutiny 'of all, the Abstracts relating to ,his charge, will_ fill up rromAilre:m the columng in both copies., of hi's tlharge List which have so far be~n left blank and then forward the Abstracts, together with: one copy of his Charge List! to the Tahsildar. In -filling up the figure of enumeration pads required' (column 7 of the Charge, . Lis.t) the total

5

of" the figures in columns 4 and 6 of the Abstract should be taken to the next higher 100 and djvided by 100. The T'ahsildar, if satjsfied -that the entries have been correc~ly:_.

made, will then fill up all the columns in Sections II and III of his Taluk Census Register which have till then been ~eft blank and will forward the copy of the Charge List to the Collector who will retain it with him for use in connexion with the re-distribution of

l - . " slip-pads, regarding which further instructions will follow. The abstracts will be returned by the Tahsildar to t},le concerned Charge Superintendents.

In Municipalities the Commissioner, on receipt of all the Abstracts relating to hi::! Municipality, will similarly fill up all the remaining columns in his Charge Lists and 'Municipal Census Register and forward one copy of the Charge List to the Collector. He will at the same time forward to the Tahsildar of the Taluk a statement giving the information which he will require 'for filling up the blank columns in Section I of his Taluk Census Register.'

In filling up the population columns in the Taluk and Municipal Census Registers, Tahsildars and Municipal Commissioners should compare the totals so arrived at Vfith the actual popUlation of the village or -town at the census of 19~1, and, if 'there is ~~ny very big difference between that figure and the estimate now arrived at, should investigate and satisfy themselves that the present figure is approximately correct.

10. In ordel" that Village Officers may clearly ubderstand how the House List is to be prepared, I would suggest that the substance of paragraphs 8 and 9 (first portion) and the Appendices to this Circular should be translated into the vernacular and' issued to all Village Officers (along with the District Gazette or otherwise), together with any further instructions which local circumstances may appear to you to render necessary.

11. As each Oharge List is received complete, Collectors are requested to ,report the fact to me, together with the total population of the Oharge and the number of slip-pads

:/ re4liired, for its 8J?umera.tion:


Sir,

Your most ob-edient servant,

D. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent of Census

Operations, Madras.

Note.-Special Inst-ruction :-Population of Hamlets :

, For purposes of public health operations the Government desire to have separate information as to the popuJation of hamlets which are included in Revenue villages an9. rural towns. This information is not required for census purposes proper, but can be gathered without difficulty from the figures of Household PopUlation w:hich are to be entered in c91umn 4 in the course of drawing up the House List. In ,villages and rural towns to which hamlets are attached, 'therefore, the Village Officers should be careful to make a note of the serial numbers of all the private dwellings comprising ea~ll ,,Sut:ln hamlet; this should not be difficult as the houses comprising each hamlet--will doubtless be listed together in a group: 'Then, at the time of preparing the Abstract of the House List the Village Officers should make a. separate note of the total Household Population cf eat.' h hamlet under the four, categories' shown in column· 4 of the House List and make a separate report of these tl)tals, together with the name of the village and hamlet; concerned, to the Revenue Inspector. A list of all hamlet!?_ and their popUlations shourd be consolidated in the Taluk Office and repor,ted to the Collector who will be requested to commu~icate a, copy of it to the Director of P:ublic Health who is being/asked to correspond.,direct with Collectors on the subject. It may be especially noted that these

'detajls of hamlet popUlations are not to be entered in the Abstract of the House List but only to be reported separately.

6

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1 Adi-Andhra. 2 Adi-Dravida.

Raoe, tribe or caste.

3 Adi-Karnataka. 4 Ajila. 5 Aranadan (also ·P.T.) 6 Arunthuthiyar. 7 Baira. 8 . Bakuda. 9 Bandi.

10 Bariki. 11 Battada. 12 Bavuri. 13 Bellara. 14 Byagari. 15 ChI\ehati. 16 Chakkiliyan. 17 Chalavadi. 18 Chamar. 19 Chandala. 20 Cheruman. 21 Dandasi. 22 Devandrakulath&n. 23 Dombo (also *P.T.). 24 Ghasi. 25 Godagali. 26 Godari. 27 Godda. 28 Gosangi. 29 Haddi. 30 Hasl's. 31 Holeya. 32 Jaggali. 33 Jambuvulu. 34 Kadan (also *P.T.). 35 Kalladi. 36 Ka~an. ;n Karimpalan (also *P.T.).

418 Kattunayakan (also *P.T.). " 39 Kodalo. ;'40 Koosa .

. J'; 41 Koraga. . 42 Kudiya (also *P.T.). 43 Kudubi (also *P.T.).

APPENDIX III.

List of Scheduled Olasses.

44 Kudumban. 45 Kuravan.

Ra.ce, tribe or caste.

46 Kuriehchan (also *P.T.). 47 Kuruman (also *P.T.). 48 Madari.

14;9 Madiga. 50 Maila. 51 Mala. 52 Mala Dasu. 53 Malasar (also *P.T.). 54 Matangi. 55 Mavilan (also *P.T.) .. 56 Moger (other than the Non-Brahman Hindu Moger). 57 Muehi. 58 Mundala. 59 Nalakeyava. 60 Nayadi. 61 Pagadai. 62 Paidi. 63 Painda. 64 Paky. 65 Pallan. 66 Pambada. 67 Pamidi. 68 Panehama. 69 Paniyan. 70 Panniyandi. 71 Pano (also *P.T.). 72 Paraiyan. 73 Paravan. 74 Pulayan. 75 Puthirai ,Vannan. 76 Raneyar. 77 Relli. 78 Samagara. 79 Samban. 80 Sapari. 81 Semman. 82 Thoti. 83 Tiruvalluvar. S4 Valluvan. 85 Valmiki. 86 Vettuvan.

... P. T.=Primitive Tribe.

No· •. ';,·847· Cen':/40~2' " . "

Offico' Of the Sup·erin't'0~~a;@~;,.;;~~j:t:,' Census. Operi.tions" Madra fL.:' ,

From

To

Cll'r '-) ,

D. H. ELDIN Zsquiic, D.E.E., I.C.S.,

Sup~.ri~t8n~~nt of CODSUS Op0rations, ~adras.

The Collectors of Mollore and E~st God~v2ri.

DRted, Fort st. GeorGe, tho 1st Au~ust IS40.

Censu s - ~l_S41 - Prep Cl.r '" t -!_nn () f EC)U:3(: Llr_' ts -In~tructions to vill~~e officers.

District Ga~ette or ot~~r~ise I

so f:OA.r 8~,S I

It ~/JOulcL T 5 -L

if tra.ns:1,atio s into alJ_ tJ-",t5 vcrr,l.acul.:::r;:; V~8-::'(:; (LO;l(; here , !~

and if co~'·ies ';Gre then is';~!u:::;d froYl hcr(~ ~«.11 (:~i.:3tricts.

Bl D.t 1· t '~rou'·l -j l:1'T ')', UP ,;:, va I',T 1,~ .... ", ir,{ I'" h." r::c'" \I,.. ....l... ... , ~ ~_ \ t.. ~_ ........ , -"_ C. t~ I L ....... c_'- J L ......... ~ _I. " - ,'L~' t .... on the census

budget, as the nUBbcr_o r copies rcquir~~ ~i~ht run into some -....

thO"lC8~(1~ n~~ c'~ ct1'~ctl L.. ._:. ". '- l. .. ._..,. t"'" C .1. 1.....J... ::. _L.~ p, 2nd ~udgct rrovision unfortunately

does not 8xi.st to r.s.e.-:::t i.t. Gone Collector.:.:: have,- I unc~urstG:nd.,

locally and for their di stri bution il:' the f orr] of' cyclo.stJ::,~~' _- ...,'.

- -~,.,.

-1 f'1.L . f . . . . h D' t ' t G . t . ea_ e GS ~ l lnCOr}"Oratlon J.n tl.8 lS -r,lC azet .,e lS , .....

. tl,l!tr

c(:nsidered impr,_ ctic.stble, and I \ Vlould reqilE,~ you~ if .

~ossib10, kindly to do the same. On tto other h2nct it is a' . " ~ ":,~;~

.. r,qct th~t ora.l instruction is usually far TilOrS effe-ctiv:e- than"~wf,t~ c,, .. - ~~r~{" :.

the sUbstance of my circular No. 10 is incor~oratcd

in tbc Lc.nual of Instructions to Ch,."O.rgo SUf0ri::1te;n/tf'::lts

. nei S1.lDr.rvi SOT ~. p,_ rt- I 1r'~-' .... h -,d' 1 (1 . ..L"_~ __,," s - ";:.,,, OJ _ ~ -I .~ ... .:.. C .. -'- \. _L -1_ . ..J_

+- 'j-l ]" C I ..... n r r, "1'0'1 f " .-, 1 _ .... '. ... ,t t· r r, n" ] + i c' V' . . . ~.J :r-_. ~ .j l,... \:,.. {:.,.. ...L t_, ~ ,.,(... .I • t OJ.. , ........... ' " Li....... " .I..L

1J~: -: ~- -:::1 f' .ll-C' \T1)1:: '. l.., _L _,. \... • J t, • M

'T 4 . + .. -, 1.1 .• -.) v ~ 5

the hOYFnn' to

No.i199 Census/40·2. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDEN'I' OF CE~SVS OPERATIONS , .. MAPRAS ,

From

T.o " , ~:.~:J _. '"

, .,' ::Sir;'

.' Fort,·;8t: '--George ~ Da.;ted,,-\.the 28th Sep~~mber 1940.

..... • L "'I •

! .• -.

D·.~!r~ ELWIN'; Esq •. , Q,~B·.E~, ·I.C.S~,9 ," ·S.: .

Sup.~linterident of C.e'nsus" 'Q:perations, M.I\PRAS~

. ' CENSUS, 19'511..- H6use 1i s t s - Paper~ -·for -

Standard of supp~y,. ., '. ,. ( .

a;': te.I).~erlCy. ..... i.~. ~~b's<erv~ble' in some. d4:·strict's·' to .. 'i3~P§1ct • , .... • ,- '/ • "r ,_... l.

9-11,. -a:t;'ti3~~le:s o} ~ s ta ticme"ry '·~.eq.J.l~~d·' in ,conne'c'TI;i/\~i th the ,~: ~ ',' .~. • • ; ,'J, ~ 'i,. :.

:. :... , ... : ......

comin:g:: ,d;erislis to' be', suppli'ed at the cost of. the Ce-ntra'l ". r' '. _. ~.. '" • , ". '.". ':'1- ~-

GOVl3tnrhent. Xhis tendency mU's't be .;check~a· and the"co.rr·ect? . , :' , , .: ~ .' ',t 0 ", "" ",.... " ' " ,. ,. ':; ._ ."

PO"Sl tJorL'~explafn~d!9-l1" 'c·6n~erriea.. , .: \ l :" (_ """ .'..

Und~r J)a:r.a 3' of -0.0. No .1598 Develop111ent':: da.ted th~ , ' •• r _' '. :::: ..... .:-~~ "' ..

~ l .~.\ '.~ ~ :-.: ~. ~f'-T',' • _

:8th) ;July ~94~}'District Boa·r'd'S should p"Tovi.q·e f'rom their.,fund't3·--• .... 0'; " ":' ~ '. .. ~ .~ . ,.. . . ~ • " -

p~t,t~~ :~ta:tJoner'Y .~~. ::~·~r·ta-in':L'6·~h~~:·. art~·Cles req~.ire_:l. ,.fo]?, . '. -;. ." ~ ,.' I - .. ' . , \,. ! - - .

,. cen~\1,$: WOrk in 'thei,r .jur'fsdic_tions.. J?e·tty sta ~iQnerY ,.vvij_l' ~'i ( ~. 1: - . ".: .' .~. ... -'; ~ . .,J ::. - • j

include''-''pens,: in)~,,, blotting' -fl~~er :etc. ~·t-:e·~.~ t~ho:q.g,h no t:"wri ~i.ng. " ......, . ,," -. _.,

paper ,which·-·~-1-.11 con;sll t~te .,~a ,fairly 4eayy" item 'of' .. -. .:' - '.. ....'\! ~ .~", I ~_,.... ..' ~.:'""" ,. . • , - ~

exp'endi ture., Of the wri t'j~ng PJ~;p,~_r:, ;req~ire~~l1ts· ·tha t quar~·~.L l-y :- ' J ,. ._ )._ L -.

whi6h is ,;required' for ta,luk cen~\l~'" ~~~i,.$.te.r'&~ char~e, 'l~sts e~6': -. '.' .'( _ ~' ., ,7"" _. ~.,_ :~.' .( ...... ~., .. ~\~ .• .-:_. ; ,;

should ~ ,like, 'paper f.or census' corre.sp.ondence, be tr~.a:ted' as • ... ~ '-, ;' ... • .... •• __ ,:. ~ I ,0, .

incidental to qr,dinary adrilinist:r~ti:on,r'.:~,s'· th.e.p'e :r?,g.i·'$ters· ar~r .- h ., \ • ."1 ~.:, ' ..... • • ~~ _ (' ._ ,._ _' ~_

comp,iled i'art\~lY :fo~~ provincial purpo~~'S.;. SQ, ,t:00~ the 'pape~'r. ":, ,'. (~,I, ... ~.~ ~ • I ',. t" • ,_ ." ;'_ ~~~';., t.~... ~ 3 ,_ _ ,· .. _t~_..,r.,.,~

required fQr ext9:"acting 'the". :po'puTa-tion. ,q:(' hamlets in Revenu.e , ~ ,_. , ;_-. ,.' ~_ ,'j" \ • .,t ~ v ~ ..... ~.-~ - , r~,.,·. .

:villages ,.an9, rural to~ns;, ·.,f-igure·s 'wh~9!h;" as .~&«.i:il:x

specifi~allY e'~pl-aiIfe~ ~n',.the' ~~~'giaJ_, ';~st;u:ct'i'c5n,'~ ~i; ~t1)tf note ~ppe'ndeJ to. mY·Circul'a:r.·No~·':~O, .da:ted t~h~ .. 9:th.JlllY.-!f§'40,

- ' , . ,': ; ~

'. " 1 '

are required, p~;'e~y fo~ -provinc.i,~l, ,J):qrp'o's'if,s . and J;l.et 'for . . ~ , ___ "

c'ehs'u~ P~~?,os";:;.~" propel:' _. ~"It thu~ follows'.- 'tha tit -lis bnly ~he:.'1' " ~ - "

supply of paper: for llouse li'st~J~' that rieed J>_e<arranged a,t tl},~ - .. '. !_...--'_. "-t-: .• ' -~' M .t '. ..'. .... ,,' ~ • • 0 _/I'"

cost of the C~ntl"fl'r UOV61'nment. ; lIn the .case 'of\ Cantonments', • ~ .. ~ (. .. t~

municipali ties arid other ar..eas trea,t~.d as municipali t;ies; ,'. such,.

- 2 -

as Mettur Townsh'~J?: in Salem District·, even this expenditure' on paper

for'house lists wiil not E lie to the census b~dget~ as under the

existing orders all .~onting~pt char~es:, includ'ing paper, shou1d be

borne by the 'local bodies .c,onc~rned • . I~ •

In 1930 paper wa,s O~equired not only for the )louse list's , .. " ~ . -.'- . . ... , .~ '., ,

but also· fqr. the rough enumer·ation schedules. There will be no ";"'~:1';-\"'~~~' ~.~\.~. ,;_' ,y,:",~ <':' _' '~" - • -',:' • 1-' t· \:':~ '\", :.1

'rough ·::€n~~;~.~'t'd:\Ji: this" time, K$Q' i~q1J{r~fnerits:: of paper ~~ould be

very. :~6;{'~~~~~:r~~lY 'less~ ''''.1 .have ·~.6;~ordin~lY 'maNe" a "smaller provision

in"the current :census bl1dget f0r this putpo~e ~

In view of the fact that the normal 'supply of paper to

distric'bs 'has now be'eri' greatly rest)::.!fct~g; '::t t i's probab~B .. that _" 1(. ;.. :' •

di stTict off:l.cials are not in, po sse s siqn."of suff:~ci'erit quanjt~ tie's . ..- ~ •• t

of the ordinarily adnii'ssible surplus' 'stock t'o di ve~t. it, as, the-y , tt \ •.

did in 1930 ~ towards the req:uire.ments .?:~. -cpap:er 'for house Ii sts -~;nd . .~. .~, ~. ' .,." :'~ '. ~ -- .

thereby relieve the strain on tn€;!, 'census budget .. - For this reason

r have he,en.-\ try.lng t~ .e;volve .. ~~ xxxUx sa'tisfactory standar.d .o·f

gene'ral supply •. ' A f~.w. districts -'have, '90nipleted house-listing ,and '. ' ..

the actual con,sumption of paper in those di'·stricts provides ,a. . ~. ' ~

suitable basis. In .. one"taluk, wnich,.-thougp.. small in extent, may

not unf.airly be :rega~ged as ;typicpJ" bn~'~eAm -and~ nine quires of t .,' , ,', "-: ,'- . _ +, •

. :paper h~ve been used. 'MakiiYg a broa.di~':a:l1owance of a' 'Inarg;i..n ,-of ~ .-. . ~ " ,: ".; . .

eleven quir.es"~ the s'tandard .. ~t ~,equirements of this' :taluk h?-ve . ,,' ;' , .' . '.

been f~,xed at t1Nq reams". ,Thy,~~ .. are 1 .. 82 villages; iIl .. th.;L,s taluk ~nCl.

the average p~r vil'lage works out ·;to 5~ 'Dr 6 she'ets o.f Eiouble' " . ,.: ,',. , ..... :. ~

Foolscap ,size. This rat:e·' .. ··is·:.-'borne. out·by the. ;a,c±u~l 'C[1:lantities, " .. , " \~'\, ... ,'.,:" ,., J i._,,_ • __ ~

\lsed .fh other taluks whe.reirt the' house ... lists 'have_ ,pee'n drawn--::up~' .- ,.~" )'!

I have-' 'th~refo.re deci'dea to adopt this rate' as\~the :~itchid~r.d "01' \

sup.ply and, i.tru'st that you will ·shaie' ~y yi'ew of t ts" .Feason~~lene-S's. May I :therefqre request'· you -to .be so' .good C3.S ):0 conf9rm to. this

. 1,'., • _. _

standard in~ tfl'e preparattori. of indentS"1'dr pape-r;:-.fo-r _:~~"S.Ef-1:rst~

It ~w.ould considerably conquce ,to economy i~,i$h:I;

the demand for a s~pplemental 'sup'plY· of p~pe~ f.o;r .l1.6use~·<iistEi' could be. combih~d with the next an'riua:l:- indent f~r the Hui~~ /' statiioncr'y 1 'but:, as some district'S' 'have f\::l t;·:'thef ~eed :for' al).

immedi:a,te;r a'ddltional s'1lPply, I have _~a:drJ3s.s-G;(d,':G()iT~;rnment; t6:, - I \ .~ "'. ,,/

author_j_S?~', ,:the\ Superint~nd.ent of ,stCj..tiortery, Madrt;isl," to cOID:P-fY"-. . ' .. -. '. ," .

. ~..,~~(h 'spe.c:i~~l ipden~s frQ~~.di ~tric~s. _a;~d ~their ord~rs': are, .

expected shor~lyo

Office of the Superintehdent of Census. Operations, Madras.

MEMORANDUM No.1157 census!40-l

Dated Fort st. George, the 26trrA~gust 1940.

subject: Miscellaneous.

1. HOUSE LISTS.

71

(a) The date by which House Lists should be completen throughout

the Presidency and Taluk and Municipal Registers made up is the

30th september, 1940. In order to avhieve this it is intended that

Circle Supervisors of all Departments should assist in ·t·he ir' ;prepa

'"ration in accordance with the instructions contained in Part I of 1 the Manual of Instructions for Charge Superintendents and Super-

visors of which additional copies are now being distributed. In

the larger Panchayat areas the co-operation of suitable Panchayat /

employees. should be obtaIned to ass ist the Village Officers 'in the

preparation of the +ists.

(b) If Village Officers require to .-be supplied with . paper 1"cr

the 'preparation ~f' the lists;, supplies should. in the tirst. instance

be made from Taluk Offices, 'calculated strictly according to the

number of sheets of paper required for each viJ.l_age in consideration -

of the number of houses which it cont'ains. If TalUk Officei \

stocks of paper are thereby materially depleted, Tahsildars may \ ~--

t'hen submit an indent to the coll~ctor to make good the quantity ./

actu"allY issued. Colle c tors are~ reque s te d t~o conso Iia...a t.e sUch;-... - ~ - - _-

indents for thei'r districts and inforr;n me of tp_e total .quaz:ti:t-r-~

requir,ed. If Collectors find it necessary to recoup their stocks

at once, I will endeavour to meet their indents forthwith. Other

wise it would be saving in freight expenses if they could postpone

recoupment UJ;1t i1 when making their annual -indent for theJ~normal

supplies of paper for 1941-42, an arrangement for which Government

- 2 -

sanction will be req_uested in Que course. The utmost economy

in the issue of paper is earns-s·tlyroquested ..

(c) Column (8) !..- 'S'hops,; .This col:u.mn has occasioned

some difficulty. It is intende d. mere ly as a __ c.onvenient place

for noting down any shop in the block so that the total of the

entries in it may represent the total number of shops in the

block~ It may be regarded. as separate from the other columns in

the list and the entries in it as unconnected with them, though

for convenience of checl{i~1g it may be as well that each shop shoula_

be entere d in thi s column more or le s s in the pos i tion where j_ t is

found to be :1n 'the blocl{". Where there is a bazaar street contain-

ing a number of shops which are r.lot part of 6.~velling-houses and.

so do not receive an antr~T L1 any otJ::.er folumn of the Ij.st:, it is

enough if the totaJ. number of such shops is entered. in column (8) 0

2. ORDERS OF AP?OH!TNJEi'JT OF CENSUS STl\FF.

Formal or<rers o:!' uppointment of census staff are aot required

until shortly before the "eime 'tiihen t~1e cenSU3 is actuCl.lly taken •. . ' .

The form of the appointment o'.'"'der for enumerators will, therefore f

be incorporated in the Enumerator I s Booklet of Instructlons which

will be supplied. for issue to every enu.'11er[\tor 2.bout, t1l8 ond 0::'

October" The form for the appo·intmer ... t. of :::hal~ge Superintendents

and Supervisors will simila~ly be incorporated in pa~t II of their

Manual of Instructions which will be fl<ssued 8:;:' the same t. im'? 0 For

the present it is e:.1ough j_f Super vj. sors al~e informed of the ir /

selection for appointmen-c and. instructed as to their preliminary!,

duties in connectj_on with tho preparat.ion and checl{ cf the l:::.ouse-

1 ists •

3. CENS US TOWNS - REVENUE VII,LAGE COM.POS IT ION OF -.. ME'l'HOD OF SHOWING STAT ::rS'l' 1GS OF :?OPULAT IeiJ AND HOUSING IN THE TAIJUK CENSUS REGISTERS~

The question has arisen whether in the- case of towns which

are composed of more thau one Reyenue' villagA statisttcs of PO}?U-

lation and. housing should. be shown ir:.. Taluk Census Registers for

- 3 -r;. -,

,Gch such R~v$nue: village separately as well as for 'ihe town as 1 .I..~ -. .

"S;. wnole. The census is chiefly interested in towns from the point

Q,f,ylew of the ,distinction that can be drawn between the 'town

dw~lling and the country-dwelling populations. The unit for which

st<;l:tistics of town popul3.tion and housing should be presented

Should, therefore, be the town proper, that is to s~y, the whole

urban aggre.:;::.:.tion vvhose inhabitants can be regarded as sharing in

the life of the town. At the same timG these statistics will

be of gre a ter inters st if t11ey can be pre s ente d separ a to ly for

the various arez',s into which the town is cUvided rather than for

the t~wn as a whole. But Revenue village boundaries' in the midst

of towns are purely artificial d.ivisions, bearing no relation

tOe town life, and may c.ut across s.JGreets and even t'i1rough houses,

so that no purpose is served by adopting their boundaries as the

divisions of the town. '(lihere a town has been surveyed, the survey

di vis ions are of course the obvious divisions to adopt in accord-

an.ce with the instructions which have alreudy been issued. Where

a town has not been surveyed, the most suitable divi~ions to

adopt in the absence of others are the electoral' '.Yards, 'if they

exist" though even'these have the disadvantage of l8.cl{ingper'-

mane,ncy. where, however, electoral Yiards do not form compact

gro.ups, the.ir ad9ption as uni.ts fof' statistics will present ob

vious administrative difficulties and in such 'cases thB only

reco.urse ,is to presen,t the sta:tistics for t'J:i8 :town as a single

whole.c. The following rules shOUld, therefore, govern the 'presen

tation of statistics of tovms in the Taluk Census Re'gis'tlerst'::_,-

(1) Where the boundaries of the town coincide with those: of

the Revenu·e villages of which it is composed, no separate statis-

tics need be shown for each of those villages but 'ortly- for: the

town itself, the statistics of the town being presented in

Section II of the Register accord.ing to surv·ey divisions where

they exist, or else according to electoral Wards if thi~ :1s

administratively convenient: otherwi..se they may be· pre:;enti3d for

the town as a single whole.

- 4 -

( 2) Where the boundaries of the ,~ ,

town do not coincide wi ttl.'

those of the Revenue villages of which it is composed and groups

of houses or hamlets are left over which are outside the town

boundaries but within the village boundarie.s" then the town

proper should. be tre ated as a separate unit and i ts sta~tistics

should be presented in section II in the same way e,s described"

in Sub-paragraph (1) abovE? J~s' regards the groups of houses

or hamlets which are left over, these should be treated as the

rural area~ of ~he villages concerned and statistics iri respect

of them should 'be shown separately for each village of which the

town is compo~ed, the names of such villages being,entered in

section III of the Register followed by the words "excluding' the

portion incl:uded .in such-and-such Town ll • In this way a clear

distinction will be preserve d between the urban and rural popu.:..

lations. In order to simplify the extr<lction of t_he figures for

the rural port ions of ~ such villages it would be an advantage to

form those portions into ~ separate census blocks, although~ for the

sake of convenience these blocks could be retained, under the

charge of the Town Ch~rge superintendent.

If similar ci~cumstances exist in respect of any Municipali

ties, the same instructions should be followed. Similar

principles should also be folldwed in respect of any places such

as large re~idential Universities or Colleges, Settlements, etc.

which are so situated that pnrts of thorn lie in more than one

Revenue village: the University, College, settlement, etc •. should

be treated as a distinct unit·and figures be shown separately for

it, the figure~. for the remaining rural port ions of the villages

concerned being shown opposite the names of the villages after

which should be added the words'"excluding the portion included ,. ,

in Such-and-such University, e'tc.'"

4. HOUSE NUlVIB::RING.

Some officers have suggested that it would be an advantage

if numbers were painted on houses simultaneously with the prepa

ration of the house lists. There is no great objection to this,

- 5 -

e(~ept that the discovery of mistakes in the house lists in the

course of' subseq_uent checking might lead to difficulties if the num-

bere had already been permanently painted on the houses. If it

is desired to put numbers on the houses during the preparation of

the house lists, it would, on the whole, be bettor if the numbers

were only written on the houses in the first instance in chalk or

charcoal and the painting of them were done lr'-ter. Instructions

as to 1Il0use numbering cannot be issued until ['.fter the local

Government have passed orders on the financial arrangements to be

made in connection with the adjustment of costs debitnble to

Local B02.rds c:.nd MuniCipal Counc ils. ThE:;sG orders are awaited and

men.nwhile no expenditure should be incurred on the purchase of

tar etc. for numbering purposes.

5. CHARGE LISTS - DESCRIPTION OF CENSU3 BLOCKS

A common defect in Charge Lists is the omission of adequate

descriptions of the boundaries of blocks in villages which have

been divided into more than one block Qnd, p.s.rticulD.rly, in

towns. Detailed and accurate description is admittedly difficult,

though in some Charge ~ists it has been successfully achieved. The

need for definition is two-fold: firstlY, in order that when the

Village Officer sets out to mru{e the house lists for each block he

should know which area is to be included in which block;' and,

se condly, with an eye to the future, in order that a-t the next

census in 1950 the then Charge superintendent should be able to see

at a glance how the blocks were formed in 1940 and w ill not have to

do the work allover again. It is, therefore, not enough to des

cribe a block by saying merely "Village So-and-so - part" or

merely "Ward NO.IIl, nor is it enough to rely on the census serial

numbers of the houses to describe the contents of the block. Some

description by means of well-known landmarks in a village, or of

stree~ names or MuniCipal or Panchayat house-numbers in a town,

should be attempted.

SUPERINTENDENT. To all Tahsildars including DY. Tahsildars

in independent charges. Copy to all Collectors and Revenue Divisional Officers.


~Fort St. George, Dated, the 3rd October 1940.

From

To

Sir,

D.H. ELWIN, Esq., D.B.E., I.C.S., Superintendent of Census Operations,

]aADRAS.

The Collect-Dr of Coimbatore.· ...

i CENSUS, 1941 - House-numbering - "Funds

for meeting charges on.

Ref ~ Your letter No • 423 0/4 U";C4 dated 24-9-'1940.

I shall shortly be issuing a circular of instrucitions

on house-numbering and, until it is received, no need will

ari~~.for materials for house-numbering.

2. In G.O.No.2247 Development dated the 20th

September 1940 Government have approved of my proposal that

District Boards and Municipalities should meet from the very

beginning all the enumeration charges allocated to them in G.O.

No.1598 De;velopment dated the 8th July 1940. I made this . ~i- I '~,"

proposal because, if these charges were to be paid from census

funds in the first instance, they could not be. recouped to the

census budget later, as, under the existing rules of audit, all

recoveries have to be credited as receipts under a separate

revenue head and not treated as abatement of charges. I would

therefore request you to take particular care that none of the

charges apportioned to the local bodies is met from Government

funds.

3. In munici.pal areas the municipalities themselves

will arrange to provide the necessary articles for enumeration.

In respect of non-municipal areas the District Board may be

addressed to supply every Tahsildar with the articles due, if

it can find it convenient to do so~ or else to advance a

reasonable sum to each Tahsildar to purchase the articles

required and render accounts later. In the latter case it was

- 2 -

ordered in 1930 As a measure of facility for concurrent check

that, instead of placing large sums of money at the disposal " .

of Tahsildars, the. District· Boards· might,. advance a sufficient

sum· to each Tahsildar, say Rs.50/- to Rs.I00/-, to be recouped

whenever required. I would commend the same procedure this time.


Sir,


-- . for SUPEf.UNTENDENT· OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS.

Copy to:

All other Collectors.

The Secretary to the Government of Madras,. Development Department.

"Circular No. 1I~ OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF


FROM

To

D. H. ELWIN, ESQ., O.B.E., I.e.S.,

Superintendent of 0 eMUS Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

FORT ST. GEORGE,

Dated the 10th October 1940.

NOTE.-Sufficient copies of this Oircular are enclosed for distribution to Revenue Divisional Officers, Charge Superintendents and Revent~e Inspectors together with some spare copies.

SIR,

SUBJECTS:

A. Checking of HOUle Lists.

B. Revision of Charge Usts.

C. House Numbering.

A. Checking of Ho~~e Lists.

House lists should- by now have been prepared for every census block throughout the Presidency, but their preparation cannot be regarded as complete until they have been carefully checked by the supervisory staff. In carrying out this check the most important point to be remembered is that the House List is primarily intended as a guide to the enumerator when he comes to do the enumeration next February. People are going to be enumerated at the places where they are found to be residing at that time. The vast majority of people will be found residing in private dwellings; a few in residential institutions; while a few more have no :fixed places of residence and can only be enumerat,ed at the places where they sleep. It is accordingly only these three classes of places that should be entered in the list (except, of course, for the shops which are being counted now - -in tha course of preparing the house lists and for which the separate column 8 has been~ provided). The House List should, therefore, contain, first, a complete list of all the privB,te dwellings in the block at which the enumerator will have to enumerate the members of the household population during ~he two or three weeks prior to the 28th February; next, any residential institution in the block whose inmates are to be enumerated on the 28th February morning; and, last, any place in the block where members of the fioaf;ing population are likely to spend the night and be eflUmerated that same evening. It should not contain any non-residential buildings at which nobody will-be enumerated, unless they are places where members of the floating population may be found or shops entered in column 8, as the entry of such buildings will only mislead the enumerator.

2

Every Charge Superintendent should satisfy himself that all the House Lists for his charge have been properly checked ,before the 15th November at the latest, and should himself do as much checking as possible. Collectors are requested to obtain certificates to this effect from all Charge Superintendents in their- districts and to inform me as soon as all have been received.

B. Revision of Charge Lists.

] - ~ uw tila,t figures of normal population are available frOID the House Lists for 'lc'udl 1)lock, it may be found that some blocks have been formed which are too big for a single -enumerator to handle. In the absence of previous experience it is difficult to say exactly how many people anyone enumerator can deal within the time a.llotted, but the figure of 150 houses was laid down as a rough guide to the maximum which anyone enumerator ,can reasonably be expected to visit. At the rate of 5 or 6 persons pel' house this maximum works out to between 750 and gOO individuals. If, therefore, it is found that the number

-of individuals in any block is much in excess of these figures? the block should be divided ,into two and an additional enumerator be appointed. The series of code numbers for the blocks in the circle concerned should then be correspondingly l'eviBed. Blocks should never be given sub-numbers, such as 2 (a), 3 (i), etc.

~. '1'11e enumeration slips will ultimately be sorted III &everal central abstraction ·offices by staff specially recruited for the purpose. '1'his staff may have no local knowledge (If th,~ districts from which the slips are received and the only way in which they will be able to identify the place to which each slip belongs will be by the series of code numbers appearing on the slip with reference to the block descriptions given in the Charge Lists. It is therefore essential that the description of each block given in the Charge List should be absolutely clear and self-contained. For instance, hamlets must be distinguished from ,their parent villages by underlining the name of the parent village in red ink; where a village bas been divided into more than one block, the words" Part of village so-and-so" should be entered against each of the block descriptions; in towns the name or number of the Ward or Town Survey Block in ",hich each census block lies should be shown against it; and so on.

Revision of Charge Lists on, the foregoing lines should be completed by the 30th November at the latest, by which date all Charge Lists should have been resubmitted 1',)1' fiJlal sCl'utiny by Collectors who are requested to inform me as soon as aU have been finally approved. Careful preparation of. t~.e Charge Lists will obviate the labour and ,expense of having them printed in the districts.

C. House Numbering.

1. House llumbering is done purely for purposes of identification in ~rder that the ,enumerator may easily be able to find his way round his block and may not omit any of the houses at which he is to enumerate the occupants.

2. In the case of Municipalities or Panchayats in which it has been decided that existing Municipal or Panchayat House numbers can be used instead of census numbers, the only numbers that will have to be painted on houses will be any -additional census numbers or sub-numbers that have had to be allotted. In the strictly military areas in Cantonments and in the case of Railway premises buildings which have already got military or Railway numbers need not have census numbers painted on the~: the military or Railway numbers should be entered in column 1 of the· House List- instead of a census serial number. Everywhere else ~he, number to be painted on each house will be the serial number entered in column 1 of the House List.

3. Tlie houses to be numbel~ed are the private dwellings and residential institutions .entered in the House List. Places where members of the flo_ating population are likely -to b.e fou~d have not been given any numbers in column i of the List and so wiU-not have any number painte,d on them, unless they happen also to fall under the categories -of private dwellings or residential institutio!}s. Any building which falls under both these

3

.qategciries together will have both numbers painted on it, e.g., an institution in which _ f _, .'

members of the staff permanently reside in addition to the " inmates" of the institution

who come and go.

1. -:\Iunicipl11 officials in the municipalities and village officers eli,:;ewhere should do the _numbering.' In Panchayat' areas Panchayat employees may be called upon to assist the village officers. 'l'hey should take the House Lists with them and refer to them as they

·arnve at each building.

5. Numbers should be marked with common tar. 'rahsildars, Municipal Commissioners and Executive OffiLers of Cantonments should arrange to distribute this to villages, J 1I un ieipal divisions and cantonment areas respectively. It should be used as economically ,as is compatible with attaining the object set out in paragraph 1. In G .0. No. 1598.

Development, dated the 8th July 1940 Government have ordered that charges incurred in districts on hou,se numbering and in the local purchase of lights, ink, petty stationery, .etc., should be debited to District Board funds and that in Municipalities all such contingent expenditure should be met by the municipalities concerned; in the case of cantonments the Government of India have declared that all charges incurred on this census in cantonments should be paid from the cantonment funds concerned. It should be particularly noted that these' local bodies should meet from the very beginning all the charges allocated to them and that Government funds should on no account be used on ,their behalf. In municipal and cantonment areas the Administrations themselves will ttl l"uLge to provide the necessary articles for house numbering. In respect of other areas the District Boards concerned should be addressed to supply every Tahsildar with the

.articles due, if convenient, or else to advance a reasonable sum to each Tahsildar to ,purchase the articles l'eq uired and render accounts later.

6. Numbers should be in }<jnglish figures and should be at least four iIlches long. B)'w.;lleR f01" making them can be mad~ of a piece of the ,leaf stem of a palmyra or of the flower stem of a coconut palm or of a piece of stick with a rag, wrapped round and over Oil;:' end. NUlllben; should always be placed in front of a house and on its most conspjcuous part, which js usually that next the doorway. 'rhey should be high enough up to be out of the reach of children and cattle and in a position sheltered as much as possible

'frOID rain. Any old census numbers which are still visible should be obliterated. \Vhere there is any risk of confusion of census numbers with municipal numbers, the former :should be distinguished by having the letter ' C ' written above or before them.

7. If the mud walls of a house are too uneven to enable the numbers to be clearly painted, a smooth place should be made with fresh mud and the number marked on this when dry. If the walls are too black for tar numbers to show clearly, a round patch

about a foot in diameter should be whitewashed and the number afterwards marked upon

.that.

8. All house-owners should be directed to see that the numbers on their houses are

·on no account obliterated.

D. \iVhen a house has no wall or door upon which the number can be marked, it should be written upon a piece of wood or tin or on a brick; this should be given to the house,owner with instructions to preserve it carefully until the census is over.

10. House numbering should be begun so soon as the House Lists in each area have 'been checked and made as accurate as possible, i.e., not later than the 15th November.

The materials required for it should be got ready in advance. Once it is begun, it should

he carried througb' promptly and completed at the very latest by the 15th December.

q,\

4

11. All officers on the census staff should make a point of inspecting numbering work 'at every opportunity, especially in towns and large villages where houses are more closely packed and narrow lanes are frequent, rendering numbering more difficult. They should note particularly

(1) that every private dwelling and residential institution is numbered, (2) that the 'numbers agree with those in column (1) of the House List, and (3) that they are clearly marked.

Any place which has escaped numbering' and which should be numbered should be given a sub-number. Thus, if it comes between Nos. 28 and 29, it should be numbered 28-A and entered in the House List between Nos. 28 and 29.

I have the hOllpur to be,

Sir.


D. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent of Oen8U8 OperatiOM, Madras.


From

To

Sir,

Fort st. George, Dated, the 28th October 1940.

D • H. . ELWI N? E sq., O. B • E ., I. C • S • , Superintendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS - 1941 - Charge Lists - Custody.

One Collector has drawn my attention to the fact that

according to the instructions in· para 9 of my Circular No. 10 of

the 9th July 1940 all Charge Lists, on completion, were to be

forwarded to Collectors who would retain them for reference in

connection wi th the distribution of slip-pads, .and has enquired

whether Charge Lists so received should now be r·eturned to Charge

Superintendents for revision in accordance with the instfuctions

now issued in section B of my Circular No. 11 ~ax of the. 10th

October 1940.

When issuing the instructions in paragraph 9 of my

Circular No. 10 I had not anticipated that revision of Charge

Lists would be required to the extent that my later inspections

suggest that.it will be. I am afraid, therefore, that any

Charge Lists which have already been received complete will have

to be returned, not only for revision, but also because Tahsildars

and Municipal Commissioners will need them for reference in

connectioJ:1 with the issue of the formal orders of appointment of

census staff about which instructions will be issued shortly.

The information of which Collectors will want to be

in possession in connection with the distribution of slip-pads

will be the total population of each Charge according to the

House Lists and the estimated number of slip-pads required

for it. With a view to issuing the formal orders of appointment

of Charge Superintendents (which have to be signed by Collectors)

they will also require to know the name and designation of each

- 2 -

Charge Superintendent and the code numbers and

description of his Charge - information which they

doubtless c.lready possess. Vlhere, therefore, Charge

Lists have already been received complete, Collectors

are requosted to make a note of this information and

to· return the Charge Lists f-orthwi tho Where Charge

Lists have not yet been received, Collectors are

requested to instruct Charge Superintend.ents not to

send them in until revision and issue of formal

orders of appointment are complete, but for the time

being only to sand a report of the total popUlation

and number of slip-pads required in each Charge,

this information being forwarded to me as quickly as

possible.

I have the honour to Be,

Sir,

·Your·most obedient servant,

SUPERINTENDENT OF GEN SUS OPERATIONS, N~DRAS.

No. 1861 Census/4~1. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPLRATIONS, MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 16th November 1940.

D.H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S., Superintendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

The Collector of West Godavari, Ellore.

CENSUS - 1941 - Revision of Charge Lists and issue of orders of appointment of census staff.

Ref: Your letter Rc.A.1.No.939-40 (Part VII), dated 13-11-1940.

The instructions in my Circular No. 11 dated the

10th October 1940 contemplate changes in the number of

blocks and Enumerators only, and even these are not likely

to be many. I do not want to hold up the issue of the

formal orders of appointment until after the final approval

of the Charge Lists, if ~t can be avoided. I would

suggest, therefore, that only in cases where a change in

the number of blocks is proposed should the issue of the

formal orders of appointment be deferred until after you

have finally approved the Charge Lists, and I take it that

this will only affect Enumerators.

2. When reporting completion of revision of charge

lists I may please be informed of the revised number of

enumerators.

Copies to all Collectors.



for SU?ERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPBRATIONS, MADRAS.

Circular No. 12.

FROM

To

D. H. ELWIN, ESQ., O.B.E., l.e.S.,

Superintendent of C ensU8 Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLEC'l'ORS.

OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDE.NT or-


FORT ST. GEORGE,

Dated. the 31st October 1940 •.

N OTE.--Sufficient copies of this Circular are enclosed for distribution to Revenue -Divi

sional Officers, Charge Supe'rintendents and Revenue Inspectors, together with some

spare copies. It is requested that they be distributed as quickly as possible.

SIR,

SUBJECTe'l.

A. Manual of Instructions for Charge Superintendents and Supervisors, Part II, adi Enumerittor's Booklet of Instructions-Distribution.

B. Classes of Instruction for EnQmerators.

A. I. The above publications will shortly be ready for issue and will contain complete'

instructions a.s to all the further stages in the census. The Manual has been pI'inted in English and the J?ooklet in English, Tamil, Telugu, Malayarlam and Kanarese. One eopy .of the Manual and one English copy of the Booklet (intended for reference in conjullction with the Manual) will be issued to -every Charge Superintendent and Supervisor. To each enumerator will be issued one copy of the Booklet only in the language_ ~n which he requires it. Charge Superintendents' and Supervisors' copies of ,th~ -M-anual and English Booklet should be issued to them by the most expeditious means. Enumerators should be given their Booklets at the classes of instruction to be held at various centres within each Charge by the Charge Superintendent:' but if the area of the Charge is such that it will take· too long for the Charge Superintendent to reach all his enumerators in this way. then the -Booklets may be issued to them through the most suitable agency.

II. The forms 6f the formal orders of appointment of Charge Superintendents andSupervisors will be found printed on the copies of the Manual, and those of Enumeratorsml the Booklet. These forms will not apply in Indian States to which the Census Ac~ c

2

itself does not apply. But the Darbars of the States can obviously enforce obedience to any orders,they issue. They are, therefore, requested either to alter the forms in a suitable manner or to cyclostyle or print their own separate orders of a,ppointment, and it is. suggested that they should be signed by the Dewans of the States. In British India the authorities by whom the orders have to be signed are as follows :-

1. For Charge Superintendents by

(i) the Commissioner, Corporation of Madras, -vvithin the City of Madras,

(ii) Collectors within their districts, and

(iii) the Agents to Government in the Agencies of East Godavari and Vizagapatam.

2. For Supervisors and Enumerators by

·dictions,

(i) The Commissioner, Corporation of Madras, within the City of Madras,

(ii) Commissioners of M;unicipalities within their Municipalities,

(iii) Tahsildars and Deputy Tahsildars in independent charge within their Juns-

(iv) Managers of Estates managed by the Court of Wards or under the Guardians and Wards Act, VIII of 1890, as amended by Act IV of 1926, within the Estates concerned,

~nd

(.v) The Executive Officer in Cantonments.

III. In order tp facilitate the signing of the orders by the respective authorities and to expedite the distribution of the publications the following procedure will be followed :-

1. To the Oommissioner, Oorporation of Madras, will be is~ued ,the full number of Manuals and Booklets required: for the entire census staff of the City, and theU: distribution will be entrusted to him. . . ' .'

2. To Collectors will be issued sufficient copies of the ;Manual and English Booklet for all Charge Superintendents within their districts, together with spare copies for their own use and for the use of 'Reven,ue Divisional Officers. Collectors are requested to have the orders of appointment on the Manuals filled lip and one copy each of the Manual and English Booklet issued as 'quickly as possible to every Charge Superintendent in their districts. The orders of appointment on these copies of the English Booklet will, of course, be left blank.

3. To Tahsildars and Deputy Tahsildars in independent charge will be' issued suffi-cient copies of the Manual and Booklet for all the Supervisors and Enumerators' within their taluks, including those employed in· Munidpalities, Estates and Cantonments. On receipt of these consignments. Tahsildars and. Deputy Tahsildar-s in independent charge ~hould proceed as follows ;-

(i) If there is a Municipality or Cantonment within their Taluks, they should_, first separate the number of Manuals and Booklets required for the Supervisors '~~d Enumerators in that Municipality or Cantonment and despatch them at once to the M;unicipal Commissioner or Executive Officer concerned, leaving the orders of appointment on these copies blank. '

(ii) If there is an Estate managed by the Court of Wards or !tnder the Guardians and Wards Act within their Taluks, they should separate the number of copies required for the Supervisors and Enumerators within the limits of that Estate, fill up the order~ ()f appointment on those copies and get them signed as quickly as possible by the Manager ()f the Estate, and then distribute them to 'the Supervisors and Enumerat~rs, concerned in the wanner laid down in paragraph I above,

3

(iii) They should then fill up and sign the order'S of appointment on. ap the,,:remaining copies of the Manual and 1300klet . (except the English Booklets int~nded f?l:' the use of Supervisors which may be left blank) and distribute them in the same manner.

4. In order to fill up the orders of appointment on the lY.I;anuals and Booklets refe)t'ed, to in sub-paragraphs (ii) and (iii) above, Tahsildars and Deputy Tahsildars in independent charge will require to have in their possession the charge lists relating to all the Charges in their Taluks (other than Municipalities and Cantonments). They should, therefore. obtain these Charge Lists in advatice and keep them ready.

5. lVlunicipal Commissioners should, on receipt of their consignments from Taluk Offices, fill up and sign the orders of appointment and distribute the copies to their staff.

6. Executive Officers in Cantonments, on receipt of their consignments from Taluk Offices, should do likewis~ in respect of the Enumeration Staff .of the non-military areas; but in respect of the Enumeration .Staff of the strictly military' areas need not proceed to fill up the order,S of !1Ppointment or to distribute the cop:ies at once, but may retain them until shortly before the period of enumeration begins when it will be possible for them to know exactly what the personnel of their enumeration staff will be.

IV. It is of the utmost importance that (except in the strictly military areas in Cantonments) all copies of the Manual and Booklet should reach the hands of those for whom they are intended, pa,rticularly Charge Superintendents and Supervisors, as quickly as possible. All officers concerned in their distribution are requested to make a special effort to achieve this and to see that these instructions have been understpod and all

,necessary preparations have been made in advance.

B.

1. Various changes have been introduced in the 1941 census questionnaire, including a particularly exhaustive series of questions relating to employment, while the system of recording the answers to the questions on slips instead of schedules ,and the use of symbols and abbreviations are entirely new. We have this time far fewer enumerators to train ~than we had in 1931 and they are mostly men possessing local knowledge of their blocks It should, therefore, be possible both ,to get theIll -together more easily and to train them to a higher pitch of efficiency than before. But it must be recognized that the 1941 enumeration will present greater difficulties' than before and that enumerators will definitely require more thorough trainiu'g. In imparting this training it is suggested that blackboards might be borrowed from local schools on which the form of the enumeration slip could be

. drawn and on which demonstration enumerations could be carried out. Enumerato;s should also be made to practise for themselves by drawing the form of the sliE on any odd pieces of paper and filling it up (but it i~ not permissible to m~ke use of enumeration slips themselves, for this purpose).

,2. All Charge Superintendents should take the earliest opportunity of holding cla,sses' for their enumerators at which first to give them a general idea of how the enumeration is to be done and of what information the various questions are intended to secure. Then, after an interval and shortly before the census comes off, they should again hold classes for their enumerators in order to clear up any d,oubts or difficulties that may have occurred to them. All Supervisors should also see that their enumerators have fully understood the instructions which they have received.

3. Revenue Divisional Officers are particularly requested to assist by themselves holding as many classes for enumerators as possible and by resolving any difficulfies of local

. application w.hich may be felt by the Charge Superintendents and Supervisors within their jurisdictions.

4

4. Collectors are requested to satisfy themselves, by calling for such reports as they think fit, that the traini~g of all enumerators within their districts is proceeding with' thoroughness and that every step in the preliminary arrangements has been finally-completed before the end of the month of January.


Sir,


P. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent of Census Operations,.,

JYIadTas.

}I'ort S·t. G0~orge,

Da too, the l5th NoveLlber ].940.

From

To

Sir,

D.B. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.e.S., Superintendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

Subject:- Redistribution oE supplies of sJ_.i.p-pcHls bl':;b.'een di~)tricts :-).rl(_~~ i:8~1 ul:§s .

In. rs.rc-lgrapll J .. 3 of' the il1.str<J.ctions to Charge

Il,",-struct 1_ c_,ns for Char C~C SupC':rintcnclen t S :::l.nd Supervi s or s ~

of

th(·~ di_str:Lct \~dJ_J_ dec:i.(Le the total l'lJ.Y.'1ber of slip-pads that,

':-lsL.:Ln,g ::"on to d_G this ~ it has i'j_rst to ~Je d l2cided I'lllether

?ny redistribution of the supplies of slip-pads alrea~y made

to 7; {lu}\:: Is necesso.ry ",,_s bet1xeen ()l1.e talnk ane; a.nother~ D.net

further 2.3 bet~een one district and anot!~r.

In my original instructions in regard to the

o stj_Elation of the number of s~l_ip-pads required i'or each

census block I had said that the total population of tho

block should be taken to the next highe~ 100 and be divided

by 100. It has since 9 however, become clear that the supply

o:f' paclE3 ·hr.iJ.l not suffice foT' distribution on this sc.::::_le and

in the same paragraph of my instructions in Part II of the

]~anual I am now saying that to the total population of the

block should be added roughly 2~1b and the figure so arrived at

h J 'I 1 t k t oI-h' ~t'· 1 c)l-- hO r7C:: 100 ~ S OU_G J8 2.pen 0 ~ e ne~ nlg~er 00, 0, a or ,pans

being broken up ~here necessary into sm2ller pads containing

multiples or 25. As a result it YJill not be possible to say

exactJ_y how many pads vIill be required for each Chaj_"'ge until

the a~tual distribution of them to blocks is worked out by

1.-) (-,

Chargo SUgerintendents. But \iTO do not :,;Tclnt to '\:vai t for t·his

to be? dono and 80 ~ in allotting 8u}Jpl:L 0) s . to Char ge 8, ):lUst

proceed on the principle of allotting a certain proportion of

pads per thousand of the population. ...

"'"7l-' P "'J"l'T Cflt.,l ·,,,,l ("ll)l·"tJ· "~'lS Y"lr _:t(" .... ~'1 .L:.J_X,_ •. ,,; _ ~.~l· (_.i..__ C c;.._L .__~ _-,-_':""A.. _l}.!.. J.ll.C'.U •. -:~ • ...J 4 .... tho npiphbourhood

311.0"1/,; th::.t the: .proportion of p;~,ds roq_Ui::e~;:i' ~cco:;-'cj_nc: to th00

. ,. t t· . reVl30Q lDS rue-lons LS

J: ~JoulcJ. ]_i!:zs 7 J::C }.lo;;~ible 9 to

to at le~st 11 DG~ loce.

1 ·-L 1;·.rnJ __ e l_n tl18

f"' C).!...

It 1 s c::_car? t:wrefoI'(;,

'.',rill be noccc;s.sa::::'y beb!een talu}<cs.

I w01_-;_1e.1 request Y01)_') therefore 3 not to tal-::-.c any

Rction for the ~r8s8nt in regard to the allocation of slip-

you r0ceive a further -

corliim.nicntion l'l'om ee \71li.ch I vdll ::;end so .::;oon Ct.;_:;· r~ .. gur(~s

of' c.hargo popuJ.ation ClI'C:? ::~uf'fic:iently corlI'1e-t:;c 10:C

district:_:: to en~lblo Irm to form a reasonable o_-;t,j_lllc:tO o:f ,:"Chat

rcc1istribution '/Jill be n.occssary as beb'TGc:tl one ()isi.rict and

8_~-lothGr 0 I hU_V8 alreclc' y ') :Ln my letter ~\To .lC385 Census/~C-l?

dated the 28th October :l940 ~ urged the i:mportance 01:~. thE':::;o

i:'igures b\._d:.rtg sent in as q1.lickly as :TOU possibly ca.n.


Your most ~,...b-edier~.t. servant,

SUPERINTENDi2:NT OF CENSUS OP~RATI ons, II;IADRAS.

ql

VERY URGENT AND IMPORT.ANT.

No .1661 Census/40-15 .• OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPER-,~TIONS, MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 30th December 1940.

D .H.. ELlJiIIN, Esq., G..B.E-." I.C.S., Superintendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

The Collector of

CENSUS, 1941 - Redistribution of slip-pads betYleen districts and taluks.

Ref: My letter No·.1661 census/40-7b

' dated the 15th November 194 •

------Restrictions on the supply of paper make it essential

that the supply of enumeration slip pads should be restricted to

l~ pads per thousand of the Taluk population as reported from

the House Lists. Local experimental calculations show that this

rate should suffice for distribution to blocks in accordance

with the instructions issued in paragraph 16 of Section III of

the Manual of Instructions for Charge Superintendents and

Supervisors, Part II. Figures of population according to the

House Lists are nOyq complete for' nearly all Taluks in the

Presidency and I have calculated the supplies of pads required

for each Taluk and append a statement showing the redistribution

that must be effected as between the Taluks in your district and,

. in some cases, as betvTeen Ta+uks in your d1 strict and those in

another district. I request you to be so good as to see that

the Tahsildars concerned give effect to the necessary

redistributions at the earliest possible moment and that

redistribution has been completely effected by the 15th January

at the very latest.

2 •. This scale of distribution is not as liberal as

could be desired, but it is absolutely necessary that we should

make do with it and I would request you to impress upon

Tahsildars that, if minor local shortages occur during the course

of enumeration, they must' be made good by trans~er of surplus

No.1851 Census/40-l. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTEfIDENT OF CENSUS OPER.ATIONS, :MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort st. George, Dated, the 15th November 1940.

D. H. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S., Superintendent o~ Census Operations,

NlADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS, 1941 - Propaganda leaflets - Distribution o~.

I propose to issue early in January next, for

distribution to the literate public, propaganda leaflets

in English and in the main Indian languages of this

Province, briefJ_y explaining the aims and advantages of

the census in general, the system of procedure evolved

for the coming census in particular and the directions

in which the cooperation o£ the people is solicited.

These leaflets will be trRnslated and printed in the

various languages in :Madras and supplied to Taluk

Officers direct. I request you to be so good as to let

me know as early as possible, and not later than the

1st December 194.0, the total number of copies ~equired

in each language in each Taluk at an average rate of not

more than, say, two copies per village with a more

liberal allowance for towns.


Sir~


SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIO!S, l\II.ADRAS.

No.1901 Census/40-1. OFFIC:C OF THE SUP~RnJT~lm::NT OF CENSUS OP3RATIONS, :MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 29th November 1940.

D .H.ZViHN, Esq., O.B .B., I.C .S., Superintendent of Census Operations,

l.IADRA3.

The Collector of South Kanara, l\lANGALORE.

C~HSUS, 1941 - Travelling Allmrance bills of census officers - Presentation or.

Ref: Your letter No.2742-B.3-40 dated 16-11-1940.

Under G.O.Ho.2247 Developr.1ent dated the 20th

Septenber 1940 the travelling allov.Tance of census officers

should be lioited strictly to actual, out-of-pocket expenses,

but instances have come to my notice wherein claimants have

sought to circumvent this order by putting in clair:ls at full

rates and supporting them with the necessary certificates of

actual expense s. 1-:Iy reason for requiring the travelling

allowance bills of census officers to be sent through you is,

prinarily, for the sake of satisfying myself fron your

countersignature that the cluims ~a~e on the strength of

actua.l expe·nse certificates are reasona~ Ie accorc~ing to the

local conditions obtaining in the district and, secon~arily,

for the sake of observing a,,-~ministrative propriety as Y01! a.re

the District Census Officer. I "w"t:'.ld therefore request yot'.

to be so [Dod as to ha.ve all census travelling allbvlance bills

scrutinised in your office and· any excess clair.ls pruned dovIn

to the extent neces~ary, before transmitting them to ne.

o w. x x x

for SUPERINTEHDENT.

Copy of para 1 to all other Collectors.

.;I) ,'.

D.O.No. 2165 Cen~,us/40-4. OFFIC::: OF THE SUPERINTJ:;NDErJT OF CENSUS :OPERATIONS', rfiADRAS,

Fort St~ George, Da ted.J the 30th December 1940.

1941 Census·_ Enumeration -Europeans and Anglo-Indians.

Up till an4 at the census of 1921 all

Europeans and .\nglo-Indians living in the Presidency "Flere

enumerated, not by the ordinary enumer2.tor on, the ordinary

fo'rin of enumeration sehedule, but by thG i S::iue. to them of

special Household Schedules 1J!hich they "rere left to fill up

f~~ themselves. At the census ,of 1931 this special,

procedure was discontinued in thl~ Ci ty of I~Iadras and. in the

Civil and l\f.lili tary .Station, Bangalore where everybody 1j~~S ~ ~ . ~

enumerat~d \'by the ordinary enumerators in exactly the .. same

1JJay: but the issue of Household Schedules ;;"a~·) continued:

over all the rest of the Presidency~ At the present census,

as you knovl, \',Je are not going to use "schedule'S". on: wh,ich

to do the enumeration at all, but II slips" which· $.r.e. to be

filled up very largely by means of certain prescribed

symbols and abbrev-iations, a task "\Jhich defini tely 'requires . , .

preli~ina:ry study and training and 'iT! th which pri vat.e •.

indi vid~'als will be evon less reacl,Y to be bothered thap

th~y'~~ed to be with the filling up of their Household

Schedules. It is,. therefore, all the. more des~rable that

everybody, without exception, should be enumeratedpy the

regular enumerators in the same Y,lay.

The ch~nge of procedure in Madras and

Bangalore in 1931 was effected without opposition largely

ovdng to the co-operation of certain Associations, suS.h ~s·

the European and XHgx~ Anglo-Indian Associations, and to

the issue of printed copies of a note for householders

stating the ways in wh~ch their. co-operation was desired

· - 2 -

and containing notes on the census questions. I hope that

the;e '~i.l1 be no bpposi tion to the change of procedure

throughout the rest of the Presidency on this occasion but,

seeing that it l,s an innovation, T ~think it will be as vrell

mo prepare the ground befor~.hand.· I have, therefore,

~XK~KX~ prepared a note similar to that issued in Madras

and Bangalore in 1931 and am having it.printed, and I~think

it would b~ a good thing to distribute copies to the

Europeans and Ang1o';"Indians residing in your district.

Will you very kindly let me know at your earliest

convenience how many copies you require for distribution in

your district?

In addition to this I would be very

grateful if, in places where there are a large number of

Europ_ean and Anglo-Indian residents, you would yourself

undertake some propaganda, either individua~ly or through

any local Association' or other. organisation that there may

be,. to explain

(1) that the issue of Household Schedules for

people to fill up for themselves has this time become

impossible owing to the fact that schedules are not being

used for enumeration at all, 1?ut slips, the filling up of

which is a somewhat,intricate business requiring preliminary

study and practise whic~ onlr ~ .. trained enumerator can.

successfully do and with which householders will not want

to be bothered;

(2) that to appoint special European or

Anglo-Indian enumerators to e:t:lumerate Europeans and Ango

Indians only would so vastly complicate matters as to be

impracticable; and

(3) that in 1931 the Europeans and Anglo-Indians

in~HR Madras City and in Bangalore were all enumerated by

- 3 -

by the ordinary enumerators on the ordinary forms and no

objections were ra.+sed to this procedure which had the

support of influential bodies such as the European and

Anglo-Indian KXHB Associations.

Yours sincerely, /'1 _

Collector of

Circular Letter No. 1243 Census/40-7 OFFIm 011', THE SUP.BBIN'rJ~lmBR~\or

CENSUS OPERATIONS.. MADRks,;_ .. _

FROM

To

SIR,

FORT ST. GEORG-E,: •.

Dated the 2nd J anuarll 1941_

D. H. ELWIN, ESQ., O.B.E., I.C.S.,

Superintendent of Oensus Operations,

MADRAS.

THE COLLECTORS OF MARITIME DISTRICTS,

THE COMMISSIONER, CORPORATION OF MADRAS.

CENSUS of 1941.-Enumeration-Sea-going vessels.

A. The foJIowing will be the scheme for the enumeration of sea-going vessels

1. Ships of the Royal Indian Navy .-Officers and members of crews who are-' quartered ashore will be enumerated by the regular enumerator of the block concerned. Those quartered on board ship will be enumerated by the Port Enumerator when the ship is at its base en or soon 'after the 1st March 1941. The Port Enumerator should seek the cO-operation of the C~mmanding. Officer to fix a suitable time.

2. Ocean~going vessells.-Only such vessels as are in Port on the 1st March 1941 will be included in the enumeration. . The Port Enumerator will enumerate the crews and passengers of any such vessels at his Port.

3. Coasting vessds.-All such vessels which are In Port or which are plying between one Indian Port 'and another on the 1st March 1941 will be enumerated. Th~

Port Enumerator will enumerate the crews and passengers of any such vessels which are in his Port on that date (provided, of course, that those who have homes ashore have· not already been enumerated at their homes). Vessels which are at sea on the 1st March will be enumerated at the first Port at which they touch after that date. As some of-them may be at sea for as long as 20 days between one Port and another, it will be necessary for the Port Enumerator to remain on duty for a period of 20 days from the 28th February, i.e., until the 19th March, and to question the Masters of such vessels arriving at his Port during that period as to whether .their vessels have already been enumerated efsewhere or not, and, if not, to enumerate them himself. When the Port Enumerator enumerates any coasting vessel either on the 1st March or subsequently, he should give the Master a slip of paper on which he should write the name of the Port, the word " Enumerated" and the date and sign it, and tell him to preserve it until ,the enumeration period is OVer and to produce it if questioned by the enumerator at any other Port whichhe may touch at subsequently.

2

B. Port Enumerators , ,_"' r" .' '" , ~ !.- ,'- _"" . • " By "the' couitesy-of the Presidency Port Officer and the' Port Officers of Minor Ports,

Port- 'Eri:inneratOrB.wm be found from amongst the Port sta.ff as shown in the statement below:-

Name of Port at whioh Enumerators Person who oan be appointed as are necessary to be stationed. Enumerator.

(1) (2)

1 Baruva .. Wharf Supervisor

'2 Calingapatam

3 Bimlipatam

4 Cocanada

5 Masulipatam

6 Cuddalore

7 Porto Novo

8 Tirumalavasal

9 Tranquebar

10 Negapatam

11 Topputh urai

12 Adirampatnam

13 Ammapa'nam

14. Tondi

15 Devipatnam

16 Pamban .•

17 DhanuBhkodi

18 Kilakarai

19 Kulasekharapatnam

'20 Ponnani

21 CaUcut

22 Badagara

-23 KaUayi ..

24 Tellicherry

25 Cannanore

26 Azhlkkal

Do.

Do_

Do.

One of the staff in the Port Office, Masulipatam.

Wharf Supervisor

Port Conservator

Assistant Port Conservator

Two Wharf Supervisors


Port Conservator


Port Conservator

Do.

Do.

Wharf Supervisor

Do.

Light-keeper and Signaller


A clerk in the Port Office, Tellicherry.

Light-keeper aud Signa;ller

EstiIIl&te of maximum number of pel'son.

likely to be enumerated. (3)

100

100

300

50

]00

100

50

50

500

50

50

50

50

50

250

50

26

300

1,000

100

60

600

50

160

27 K asaragod Assistant Port Conservator

28 Mangalore Four clerks

.. I

.. \

120

1,500

~ , Name of Port at wht~h Enumerators are neceBsarY ~ be Iftationed.

(1)

29 Mulki

30 Malpe

31 Hangarkotta.

32 Coondapoor

33 Baindur

3

" . "

Person who can be appointed as Enumerat.or.

(2)


Port Conservator and Wharf Supervisor.

Port Conservator

Port Conserva.tor and Wha.rf Supervisor.

Assistant Port Conserva.tor

\

' E.llinate;ormaXiIll~d , number 9f,pel'llOn8 , likely to be enumerated.

, (3) , ,

lOQ

600

120

600

100

NOTE.-(l) Vadarevu baa not been inoluded in the list as it is reported that no ships are DOW calling there.

(2) At Podo Novo aod Azhikkal it is report-ed that no member of the Port Staff can he spared for duty lIB enumerator. The Collectors of the districts in which these ports lie are requested to arrange for the appointment of any suitable per80IIJI lIB enumerators at these two Ports. ~ suitable official may. perhapa, be found fIom amongst the Customs Staff.

(3) At Tondi, Kilakaraiand Kulaaekharapatnam it is reported that the Pan Conservators have already been given census appointments in connection with the enumeration of the ebore·living population. Their work in this connection should be over by the 1st March and there is presumably no objection to their continuing as enumerators of sea-going vessels from the 1st March onwards.

(4) The Commissioner, Corporation of MadrllB, and the Collector of Tinnevelly are being addressed as to arrangements for the same sYlltem of enumeration at the Porta of MadrllB and Tutioorin.

Collectors of Maritime Districts are requested to get into touch with the Port Officers of the Ports in. their districts forthwith, to ascertain from them the names and designations of the persons who are to be appointed Port Enttmwrators and to report these names to me

.(1.$ soon as possible.

c. Instruction Booklets and Manuals

These will be supplied to Collectors from my office, -On receipt of the reports asked for above, and Collectors will be requested to see to the filling up of the formal order of

.appointment forms and their distribution to the staff concerned.

, .. _ ,1). Enumeration slip-pads

These will also be supplied from my office in accordance with the scale shown In

the statement above, along with the Instruction Booklets_

E. Code Numbers

Every slip used for the enumeration of sea-going vessel's must have inscribed on It the Code numbers of the district, taluk and charge -in which it lies. No circle or block numbers need be inscribed but, instead of them, an abbreviation in the form of the first ~

three letters of the name of the Port should be written on each slip after the district, taluk and charge numbers. This will serve to distinguish the slips from th~se used ,on shore.

F. Reporting of totals and disposal of slips used

(a) As the majority of vessels will be enumerated on the 1st March itself, the provisional totals of the persons so enumerated should be reported by the Port Enumerator to the Charge Superintendent of the charge in which the Port lies on the 2nd March, so that they can be incorporated in the provisional totals for the cha(ge.

(b) The Port Enumerator should retain all the enumeration slips with him until the 19th March when he should hand them Over to the Charge Superintendent of the charae

to

.in which the Port lies together with a report of the number of persons enumerated

//)/

Sub!:1~q]le.~t .to the .,lst Marcp. .' The 'Charge S'Upe~iriteqaeiit . should . immediately forward' :th&<r~poD1; to 'the Gollector' of the' di~t~iet ;w~ is req~ested £0 c~9:\i<laJ;e t&e ·~epo.rts fOr his aistrict and forwa.rd the figures to me ~ forthwith.

(c) The Charge Superintendent, if he is not the Tahsildar or Municipal Commissioner,. will forward the slips to" the Tahsildar or : Municipal Commi~sioner for disposal ln,

accordance with the gene~al instnlCtions to be issued regarding the disposal of slips.


Sir,

" Your most .obedient serVl\'llt,

D. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent of C ens,u8. Operations,

Mad/TaB ..

GoP7 of' let •• r lfo;2~:;36-oen.u./4O-J., dated 3rd JanuaF'l' 1941, from the Superintendent of Census Operations, Madras, to ,be C.~le.tor or Bellary.

_ .... .-........

Subject. Cen.us of areas affected by plarru~ etc.

Reference. Your letter R.C.No.l285/40-Ql, dated 24th :Cec€;:~~ber 1940.

The principle to be o1)served in relard to the enum.era

tlon ot' persons who have eV/I!cuated their home. owing to the

prevalence of plaGue and ,~iho are I1vlnf: in t~mpor"lry structure.

away f'rom th£ir permanent hot:,flS 1s as fo110'\'/81-

The intention of tht! present census 1s to secure a

record of the normal population of each area. Pla~"';Ue 1. ot

hafhazard incidence and we do not '?Tant to show a village or

town as unilli-::"lb1t€'d simply because it l.a.p;.eHs to be tempora-.

r.11y evacuated in lIebruRry. Th.e object, therefore, is to'

relate the population or sueL a. vil1t,\ge of to ,n to the village

or to; in in which they nor!!Jfllly dwe.Ll. This can only be done

if tl,€ series of code numbers inscr1.bed on tbe enu.;.;.terntlon

slips of per ;;:ons ~"'ncuated frOI.; the v1.11~ee or to".vn 1;:; 1c.1.entica:

wi tll tLa ser1ez rc latin;; t() _ the vil1a2f.' or 'to\'in conc~rned.

So,

(1) where 1-.fu"sons are living in teu1fJoraJ"Y hut.

clo •• to the1.r reru.anent residences, these huts should be

trfHlted as 'art of the block in wIncb tLe lJermanent residenc ••

are situated. The huts should be numbered in orcter to 14.nt11

them and to pr~Y€nt any OInisslons, but when th€ enuulSl'"ator

conl.. to post the n:um.ber of occu~:1ed houses in -bi s Enl.:lmerator'.

Ab8tra;"t, he sho1U.cl poat ,the number or houses normally oecup1.,

in th.e v1llage Vropoer and not the nluaoor of tem: orary hut ••

(2) Where a rer,ular plag:u.(': caDLI> has been f'or~led,

then, it at all possible, it stould be t'orraed 'into 'blocks so

that all tLe persons fro:;" a.ny one village or town are' grouped

Il)4

together in one or more blocks, and to such blocks sho~d be

allotted the same Code Numbers as those or the village or town

in which the persons normally dwell. If' persons from var.1ous

villages and towns are all inextricably mixed up in one camp,

then the only resource will be for the enumerators of each such

village and town to seek out and enumerate the persons normally

resident in their own blocks in the village of town proper,

using the series of code numbers already allotted to those blocks.

In that case it will not be necessary to form the camp into new

blocks und circles or to allot special code numbers to them.

The huts in such a camp should be numbered, but again it will

be the number of houses normally occul'ied in his block in the

villaee or town proper that should be posted in the Enumerator's

Abstract and the number of huts which he ha.s visited in the camp.

(3) It possible, the same persons should be continued

as enumerators and supervisors who have already been appointed

for the villages or towns concerned. This should be possible,

as they will presumably have evacuated to tbe same huts or camps

along with the rest. I~ it is not possible, other suitable

persons must be found.

2. During the last :fortnight of JanUary charges .. ul:erin

tendents lrhould visit all towns and villages in their charges

where plague 1s prevalent and work out a scheme on the above

lines :for the proper enUilleration or the persons afrected. the

numbering of' temporary huts and camps need not be done until

the end of the month if there is a likelihood that th~ persons

will. have returned to their permanent residences by ~-the beginning

ot the enumeration period.

3. The above rules should be applied, mutA$!s mutandis I

to any other eases or evacuation and temporary res1,dence. (

(Sd.) D. H. El~1n, Superintendent ot Qansua

Operations, Kad~as.

Circular No. 13. OFFICE OF ~HE SUPERINTENDENT OF"


FORT ST. GEORGE,

Dated the 6th January 1941.

FROM

To

. D. H. ELWIN, ESQ., O.B.E., I.C.S.,


MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

THE COMMISSIONER,. CORPORATION OF MADRAS'.

(Sufficient copies of this circular are enclosed for distribution' to all r:L'ahsildars and Municipal aO~lmnissioners together with some spare copies.)

SIR,

CENSUS o.F 1941-PROVISIONAL TOTALS ~ND CUSTODY O~ , ENUMERATION SLIp·-PADS

[NOTE.~In this Ci'l"cular Tahsilda'l", as usual, includes a Deputy Tahsildar in independent charge.]

Everyone is naturally interested in knowing the results of the census as soon as possible after it has .. been taken: On previous occa~ions provision_al totals have been worked out under great pressure and a good deal of money has been spent-on telegraphing them from, one office to another .. On 'this occasion it is proposed ,to allow a little more time for the more careful prepa.ration of,.,the -totals ,fL}J.d to economize by communicating them by post'" instead of by telegram. But we do not want to waste any time' over getting them out ~n_d we want to make them as accurate as we possibly -can, so _I aha!l be most grateful. if the following instructions are very carefullyfollowed:

. A .. DUties of Tahsildars and Muni~ipal Commissioners

.' '. !, -

The Municipal Commissioner is responsible for the preparation of the totals for the. whole area included in the muniQ~pality. If any special charge has been formed within municipal limits, the Q?~niissi~ner ~hould arrange beforehand with the Charge Superintendent to send him his charge, circle and block abstracts together with his charg~Jist_ as expeditiously as possible after tJle rst'March. Ii there is a milit~ary a;~a i; tllel~~ality, the Commis:;;loner should similarly gBt into touch with the Charge Srlpe~i;p.tB-I1aent of' that area-see IiIpBcial note (1) at the end of this circular. _~ ._- -

c _

The Tahsildar is responsible for the prepar~tion of the .totals for all ~he areas. in his taluk outside municipalities, incluQing census. towns and any spBcial charges that may have been formed. He should make advance arrangements with all the Cha:r;.ge Superintendents concerned to send him their charge, circle and block abstracts together with their charge lists as quickly as possible _c;dter the 1st March, paying particul~r attention to any areas where coro~unications may, owing to the n~tur~. of the ~unt!y, be slow .or difficult. Tahsildars should not fail to be at their. headquarters durln~(tk per,iad of the receipt and despatch of the tot~ls and personally supervise~ the proceedings.

/

2:

On receipt of such charge, circle and block abstracts the first duty of the Tahsildar Dr Commissioner will be to have them very carefully checked in his office by two clerks working independently and a third over-checking their work. They must make sure that there is present an Enumerator's abstract and a circle abstract lor every block and circle entered in the charge list; that every block in each circle has' been entered in the circle abstract concerned; that every circle has been entered III the cha.rge abstract; and that all the totals have been correctly posted :lnd added.

When Tahsildars and Municipal Commissioners are satisfied that all the charge abstracts with which they are concerned (including that for their own charge) are correct, they will proceed as :tollows :-

I. TOTAliS OF POPULATIOK, LITERATE POPULATION AND OCCUPIED ROUSES.

1. They will send to the Collector of the district together with all the charge abstracts with which they are concerned a report in the following form :-

T.A.LUK OR MUNICIPAL REPORT.

District _________ _ Taluk or Municipality _________ _

Tota.l population of each Total literate population of Charge number Charge. each CharlZe. Number of

and oocupied housall description.

Male. I Female. I Male. I Female. I in eaoh Charge. Total. Total.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

,

,

I

Taluk or Municipal Total. .

NOTlIis.-(a) In column (1) will be entered every Charge in the Municipal or Taluk area in order andi the ligures for each will be entered opposite it in oolumns (2) to (4) while at the foot of the form will be entered the totals for the whole Municipal or Taluk area.

(b) Only the totals of Population, Literate Popul_on and Oocupied houses need be reported to the Collector at this stage. Totals of children of school-going ,a,ge will be dealt with

, separately as instruoted in paragraph II below. . (c) The form of the report to the Collect-or should be made out in a.dvance· and very cArefUlly

checked to see that no Charge has been omitted and that arrangements have been complet.ed with every Charge Superintendent concerned for the reoeption of his Charge totals and Abstraots.

(d) In paragraph 20 on page 7 of the Manual of Instroctions for Charge Superintendents and Supervisors, Part II, I have said that .. Charge Abstraots should, where necessary, be despatched to Taluk Ofl'l.cera not Jater than the following evening", i.e., the, evening of the 3rd March. Both TahsilQars_and Municipal Commissioners should have all the Charge AbstraQts with which they are ooncerned in their ha._~ds by the 4th March at tne late~ should send their Reports to the ColI~or not later tha.n the 5th Ma.rch. if at aU pc)ssibte.

II. TOTALS OF CHILDREN OF SCHOOL-GOING AGE.

These will be separately reported to the Collector after the 'rep6rt- prescrIbed in , 'paragraph 1 abQve ha.s been sent. The information required by the Educational depart:.' ment is the number of boys and girls of school-going age in every municipality, t~and village separately. In the case of municipalities and towns this information will be immediately available from the charge abstrac~s, seeing that each municipality a.nd town is a separate charge. (If there is any special charge within a municipality or town, the figures for that charge should, of course, be added' to those of the municipal or town· -charge). In the case of rural areas, the figures will have _to be coQ).pHe'il in the Taluk office-for each -v-illage separately from the E~umeratbrrs ab~tracts, ;s ordered by Govern- /' ment in G.O. No.· 2470, Development, dated. the 18th October 1940. A coinplete list of all the towns . and villages in the taluk, showing the figures of children of ~choolgoing age against each, should be expeditiously compiled in the rraluk office and f()!:warded

3

to the Collector after the preparation and despatch of the report in paragraph 1 above has been completed. Municipal Commissioners need only rePo:rt the figures for their municipalities as a whole. .

B. In Collectors' Offices

1. General.-Collectors are requested kindly to nominate a gazetted officer who will be at headquarters dur-ing the ,period of the receipt and despatch of the totals and who will be responsible. for seeing that reports are promptly obtained from 'l'ahsildars and Municip3>1 Commissioners and that district totals are correctly prepared ;1nd expeditiously despatched to the Census Commissioner and to this office.

This officer's first duty will be to see that the taluk and municipal reports are very carefully checked with the charge abstracts which accompany them. He will then see to the preparation of a district statement in the following form :-

___________ District Statement.

I Charge Total population in each Total literate popUlation Number numoer Charge. ~n each Charge. of

Taluk or Municipality. and occupied deeorip-

1 Female. I I Female. I houses in tlon. Male. Total. Male. Total. each

Charge. ( 1) (.2) (3) (4) (G)

,

District Total .. .1 I _ NOTEs.-(a) The form of this statement should be prepared in advanoe in duplicate.

(b) In oolumn (1) should be entered first the name of the Taluk and then the name of any Munioipality in the Taluk, leaving space between them for the entry in column (2) of every Charge in such Taluk or Municipality. The figures for eacq.£harge sepMately will be entered in COluDms (3), (4) and (5), .and at the foot will be posted the totals for €he distriot as a whole.

(0) Absolute accura.oy in the preparation of this Statement is essential.

2. Report to the Census Commissioner for India.-The only figures to be reported to the Census Commissioner for India, New Delhi, are the district totals of (1) total· . , .

population (male, female, total) and (2) total literate population (male, fem,ale, total). It is not necessary to report figures separately for each taluk and municipality, and it -is not necessary to report figures o!_ occupied houses at all. The report should 1>e despatched

. by post as soon as it is ready-not later, I hope, than the -t; th March, and sholllCLsta.t~. very clearly poth the district and province to which it relates.

3. RepoTt to this office.-Collectors are requested to despatch a co~y_of the i'eport to the Census Commissioner simultaneously to this office. If the duplicate copv of the district statement is at the same time ready, they are requested to send it to this office along with the copy of the report to the Cen.sus Commissioner. If its preparation would cause any delay, they are requested to send to this office first the copy of the repo~t ,to . the. Census Commissioner and then the duplicate copy of the djstrict state:z:nent so soon as it is ready.

4'. Report to .the Director of Public Instruction.-Collectors are requested to watch for the receipt of the lists and reports of children of school-going age referred to in paragraph A II above from Tahsildars and, Municipal Commissione:rs and, when they are eomplete for the district, to forward them to the Director of Public Instruction.

to7

4

C. Custody of Enumeration Slip.pads

In accordance with· the instructions in paragraph 11 on page 4 of the Manual of Instructions for Charge Superintendents and Supervi.sors, Part II, Supervisors are to>

forward the slip-pads relating to their circles to the Tahsildf\I_ or Municipal Commissioner t , as the case may be. Tahsildars and Municipal Commissioners must very carefully wat~h

the receipt of the pads, checking them, as they come in, (1) with the---cir-cle issue statement to see that all pads issued to the circle have been retmned, and (2) with the charge· lists of all the charges with which they are concerned to see that the pads have been returned from all the circles in each charge. Instructions las to the final disposal ~f the pads will be issued later. For the time being Tahsildars and Municipal Commissione~s should arrange tbe circle consignments in groups for each charge a~d store them in a safe placein their offices, taking great care to see that they suffer no damage.


Sir,


D. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent of Census Operations, Madras.

SPECIAL NOTEs.-(l) To Collectors of districts in 'Which there are cantonments or military detachments.

Collectors of these districts are pa:r:ticularly requested to obtain the -co-operation of Officers Commanding units to ensure the prompt reporting of provisional totals and delivery 'of slip-pads. Formerly the Oharge Stlperintendents of strictly military areas alone reported their provisional totals direct to Collectors, !but it wiU probably-- Ba_ve time and trouble jf their reports are sent to the QommissioI)eI! of the nearest municipaIity~" along with the-rest, and the foreg~ing instruction,s provide! for this. .

(2) To Tahsilda:rs and l\IIunicipal Commissioners of Maritime districts.

In paragraph F (a) of ,my Circular I;6fter No. l:a43~Census/40-7 J dated the 2nd' January 1941, regarding the enumeration of sea-going vessels I have said that Port Enumerators should 'report the totals of the persons they have enumerated on the 1st March to the Charge Superintend-ent of the Charge in which the Po~t lies on the 2nd March itself, so that they can be included in the provisional totals of that charge. Tahsildars and Municipal Com~issioners, if they are not ~l3mselveB the Charge Superintendentsconcerned, should 'satisfy themselves that, the Cna.-rge Superintendents ~ concem.-ed, ~v..~ . made arrangements with the Port Enumerators 'for'the reporting of these totals so that,

~ -they may not be lost sight of.

VERY URGENT AND IMPORT ANT OFFIcE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT 01'

CENSUS OPE:a.A.TIONS, MADRAS, , • ...,.~ • .:' • >

FORT -ST~ GEORGE,

Dated, the 25th January 1941.

CIRCULAR No. 14

To

ALL CHARGE SDPERINTENDEN,TS.

FINAL NOTES ON THE CENSUS

I. Enumeration procedure

I fear that in the minds of some enumerators who remember the census procedure of 1931 there still lingers the idea that there is to be a "final census" during the" daytime of the 1st March and that on that day they will have to cancel the slips"of any persons whom they have enumerated who happen to be absent from their block and will have to enumerate any newcomers who happen to be present in the block on that day whether they have been previously enumerated elsewhere or not. This idea is totally erroneous and it is most important to ensure that every enumerator unders.tan~_~ that there is to be no " final census" ;' that, when a person haS' once been enume:rated, the only circumstance under which the slip relating to that person will be cancelled will be in the event of that person's death before sunrise on the 1st March; and that the only newcomers who will be enumerated on the 1st March will be either newly-born babies or strangers who have come to stay in the block- and who have by some chance not already been enumerated elsewhere.

II. Question 3-Race, tribe or caste

It is not necessary to record more than one of these. In the case oll Hindus ~he correct entry is caste, unless the person does not observe caste, in which case "no caste " should be entered. It is understood, however, that at this census some persons " will desire to return themselves under such titles as Aryans, Andhras, Dravidians, etc. Th&e is little object in reeording strch names, as the entry of-a cs-ste p.ame or the words " no caste" will itself be sufficient to stamp the individual asan Indian, while all other relevant particulars such as mother-tongue, district of birth, etc., will be separat~ recorded. If, howevs!, any individual particularly desires to return himi'se1!~-under --~ny such title, there is no objection to recording that title first, provided that his caste is entered after it. If he says he does not obsenre caste, the words '-' no caste -" should be entered after it.

III. Question 4-Religion

The intention is to record only the major heads of religion. If, however, ~ Christian desires to have his particular sect of Christianity recorded, there is no- objection to entering it, provided the initial letter C (or its corresponding vern!1cular equivalent)r is

entered first.

2

- --IV. ~e.t1C?D -S:"":A.e of a married woman at birth of first child " ~. - ~.-

. - _- -._.~ ---

If the woman's eldest child, is living and the present age ofl that child is known, the best way- of aniving- at the 8lI&Wer to this question is to deduct the present age of that eldest child from the present age of the mother. Age need only be entered in y-ears in answer to this question.,

V. Question 9-Are you wholly or partly dependent~on anyone else?

This is an important question and is a perfectly simple one if the enumerator, ,when asking it " will think only of the person whom he is questioning as a separate individual, apart from anyone el5e. The question is 'has that individual himself or herself got any income in cash or kind of his own or her own apart from anyone else, and, if so,

. is it sufficient for bis or her support?' In the case of joint families the question is whether the individual has got an active share in the joint property whose fruits he is actively enjoying; if so, he ~s either independent or partly dependent. Whether he i8 independent or partly dependent depends on whether his share, if it were divided from the rest, would be sufficient to support himself entirely 01' not. 'l'hus, all the members of a joint family may be classed as independent, if their individual shares would be sufficient for their individual support, even though the joint property is not divided. Or, again, aU the members may be partly dependent on each other, if their individual shares, if divided, would not suffice for their individual support.

D. H. ELWIN,

Supwriniendenf of Census Operatiuns, . Madras.

NOTE :-Suffieient copies of this circular are - being /le11,t_ direct to Tahsildars frJ_r di8tributi~n to all Charge Superintendents in their taluks. They' should be distributed at once ~out the least delay and Charge Superintendents should make ~8;_re--that' all' their enmne-rt¥tO'r8 -are informed of t,hese instructions before the enumeration begins.

2,002--29-1-41.

Addendum to circular No. 14, dated the 25th January 1941.

Final notes on the Census.

Qucstio'flllS.-In the case of Muslims the mother tongue should be recorded as either' Urdu or Hindi or Hindustani according to the individual's desire. It is only if the mother-tongue is stated to be Hindustani that the initial letter H should be entered. If Urdu or Hindi is returned by the individual, the word should be written in fulL

MADRAS,

30th January 1941

D. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent, OCn.sU8.

/1 1-

Addendum to circular No. 14, dated the 25th January 1941. bruary 1941.

Final notes on the Census.

. . Question 18.-In the case of Muslims the mother tongue should be recorded as either; Urdu or Hindi or Hindustani according to the individual's desire. It is only if the mother-tongue is stated to be Hindustani that the initial letter H should be entered. If Urdu or Hindi is returned by the individual, the word should be written in full.

enjoined

th

blocks I

MADRAS, D. H. ELWIN,

30th January 1941 Superintendent, Oensus. sors;

,ffice in

:-s have

the figures of population as originally reported from the

house-lists had been found incorrect and had to be revised

subsequently# As correct and up-tp-date figures of the

finally revised charge ~ists are required for purposes of my

report, all Tahsl1dars are requested to furnish not later than

the 25th February 1941 in the tabblar form below the

particulars called for therein in respect of all the Charges

contained within the territmrial limits of their Taluk:-. . .

~~-~-~~ ~~--~~~----~~-~---- ~-~~-- ~-----.--~~---~~-~-~-~~------

Code ':Name l' No.of No: of- of 'cir-' charge. charg .cles.

Total tor the Taluk

No. of No. of No.of Super- blocks enumevisors rators

To a~l Tahsl1dars. Copy to &11 Collectors.

Population accotding to House Lists. ---.......... --Household 1.e.col.4 of House List.

_ .... -_ ... _ .. -,.---.. Estimated no. of inmates of Institutions and of floating pOpulation i.e., col.6 of HOuse List.

for StTPERtR'rENDENT.


II 1.-

CIRCULAR ~ "Fort St. George, IEMORANDUM No.7l2 Census/4l-l dated the 17th February 1941.

CENSUS, 1941 - Particulars of charge lists as finally revised.

As a result of the revision of charge lists enjoined

in section B of this office Circular No. 11 of the lOth

Oc~ober 1940 there have been changes in the number of blocks

and in some cases in the number of circles too, and

consequently in the numbe~ of enumerators and supervisors;

but these changes have not been communicated to this office in

respect of all charges. Furthermore several Tahslldars have

been applying for additional enumeration slip-pads saying that

the figures of population as originally reported from the

house-lists had been found incorrect and had to be revised

subsequently_ As correct and up-tp-date figures of the

finally revised charge lists are required for purposes of my

report, all Tahsildars are requested to furnish not later than

the 25th February 1941 in the tabular form below the

particulars called for therein in respect of all the Charges

contained within the territmrial limits of their Taluk:-

" " "

~~~~~~~ ~~~~-~--------~---~ --~~-- ------.--~-~-----~~----~-----Code No~ of" charge.

Name i' No. of ot "cir-" charg "Cle.,

Total tor the Tal.uk .

No. of No. of No.of Super- blocks enumevisors rators

To a~l fahsl1dars. Copy to ~l Collectors.

Population accotding to House Lists. ........ -.. _.-.-Household 1.e.col.4 of House List.

_ ...... _----_ ...... _ Estimated no. of inmates of Institutions and of .floating population 1.e., col.6 ot HOuse List.

No.894 Census/41-2. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS I l4ADRAS I

From

To

Sir,

I ~

Fox-t st. George, Dated, the 19th March 1941.

D.H'. ELWIN, Esq., O.B.E., I.e.5., Super1ntendent of Census Operations,

MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

CENSUS, 194~ ~ Recognition of good work.

Ref: G.O.No.P.1060 Development dated 8-5-194

Now that the Census has been carried through to a

successful conclusion I invite rererence to para 19 ot my

Circular No. 8 dated the 30th May 1940 and request you to be

so good as to let me have a list of the names of those who

have done particularly good work in your district. In

calling for the necessary reports from Tahs11dars and

Municipal Commissioners special stress may kindly be 1a1d on

the condition qualifying for recognition, namely, particularly

good work and not merely satisfactory or even ordinarily good

work. I find it necessary to make this observation because

recently one Municipal Commissioner has sent me a list

containing as many as 53 names which, of course, I have had

to return for revision. If correet standards of judgement

be applied, I think that not more than 10 per taluk and

5 per municipality of average size would, at a liberal

estimate, merit special mention, even though I know that

very many subordinates have carried out their census duties

conscientiously and satisfactorily. In the case of

non-o£ficials who have given their services voluntarily to

the census, however, we should be more liberal in the grant

or certificates. I should be glad, therefore, 1r- you would

kindly compile a list on these lines and send it to me as

early as possible~

for SUPERINTENDENT. 6Il~

I lit,

No. 1118 Censu;s/4l:']' r, OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, HADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Government House, Mount Rd., ~ated, the 18th April 1941.

D.H. ~LWIN, Esq., O.B·.E., I.C.S'., " ; f

" '


MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS c'

CENSUS ~ 1941 ,-, T~!liJ..':'J.8:r:a tlon -, Trav8111~g 'Allowance.

In po~nting out, in, sub-,paragraph l under

paragraph 12 of my Manur,J_ fo):' Charge Superintendents and.

Supervisors~ Part II, the need for disposing of all claims

for travelling allowance from the census ftmds as quickly

as possible, I had made it clear to all concerned that the

six months I limi t ordinarily admissib~,e Ul,lde:r the rules of

aud1t should not be taken advantage of in the case of the

census 'and had laid down that all census officers should

be ,'directed" to submi t their travelling allowance bills not

later than wi thin one or tVIO months of the1r claims becoming

due. Insistence on this restricted· tim.e'~limi t has noVi . become even more neQ8Ssat'y as, in view of the-limited

'.

tabulation san~tioned for the. present, I contemplate closing

,down my office by the end of May next and as all accounts

qonnec'ted with the census vvill have to be settled wi thin

that period.

20 The census enume:-ation work came to a stop

on the 2nd March 1941 and there could have been no travelling

on census business since then. Any travelling allowance bills

- 2 ...

for reasonable journeys ought to have been submitted

by now., particularly in view of the warning referred to . \

above. I have theretore deei4ed that no travelling "

allowance bill. received tor the first time atter the

30th Apr1i 1941 will b. consi~ered. In the case ot

bills under correspondence on audit points and ot those

presented betore the 30th April 1941 but unavoidably

.held up with higher' officers tor detailed scrutiny

the time limit for reaching my office will be

extended to the 10th May 1941; but every effort should

be made to expedite the diaposal of these bills also.

I would most ea~nestly request you to give me your kind

cooperation in carrying out my decision by issuing the

necessary instructions to all concerned.

for SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, .MADRAS.

Copy to.the Secretary to the Government ot Madras, Development Department. . ..

Copy to the Census Commissioner tor India, New Delhi.

MANUAL FOR CHARGE SUPERINTENDENTS AND SUPERVISORS.

P_o\.RT I

I. INSTRUOTIONS TO SUPERVISORS.

1. Meet your Oharge Superintendent and take clear and complete instructions from him regarding the General Scheme of the Census,:, and in particnlar regarding the system of enumeration and method of hous~-listing described in the Appendices to this Manual.

2. Ascertain from him the precise boundaries of your circle and those of the blocks contained in it and the names of their enumerators. See these boundaries marked on the taluk, town or village maps. Make a note of the names of the Supervisors of circles adjoining yours.

3. Ascertain what is meant by the system of Code Numbers as described in paragraph C of my circular No.9 and make a careful note of the Code Numbers of your district, taluk, charge and circle and of the blocks contained in your circle.

4. Visit your circle and meet your enumerators. Verify in company with them the boundaries of their respective blocks and make sure that no place of human habitation has been omitted from one or other of them, that the boundaries are clearly defined and that the enumerators know exactly what areas they are to deal with. If possible, arrange to meet the supervisors of the adjoining circles and verify the circle boundaries with them to see that they coincide.

5. Explain to your enumerators and .to any influential people living in the area what the system of enumeration will be, as set out in simple language in Appendix A, taking particular care to see that they understand the distinction between the "household population" who live in private dwellings, the" inmates of residential public institutions" and the" floating population". See whether any particular diffi~lllties occur to them and explain them or note them for reference t.o your Oharge Superintendent. Ask them to give all the publicity possible to the scheme amongst the inhabitants of the circle, pointing out in particular that all the nationbuilding activities of Government depend Ultimately upon the information collected at the census, that the information collected in respect of any individual will bB kept absolutely secret and cannot be produced in c6urt, and that it is the duty of everybody to see that he is enumerated once and not more than once. .

6. Explain to your enumerators the system of Code Numbers and see that each notes down the correct series of numbers relating to his block, namely the district, taluk, charge, circle and- block nnmbers. (Instructions as to how and when these numbers are to be • inscribed on the enumeration slips will be issued later in Part II of this Manual).

7. If your circle is in a Municipality, it may he yom' personal duty to prepare the House List. If you are not preparing it yourself~ you must instruct the Village Officer or Municipal employee who is to prepare the list in the manner in which he is to do it. as descrjbed in Appendix B.

/Ib

I

8. If yon are not preparing the House List youreelf, accompany the officer who is doing it while he prepares the list f01\ at least a portion of his village. And if the officer who is preparing the List is not the enumerator of the block, make sure that the enumerator also accompanies him while he prepares it. Make su~e that they realise the distinctions between private dwellings (which include residential quarters attached to' institutions and also hotels, lodging-houses etc. which have people permanently living in them-in fact, any place where permanent residents are to be found residing), residential public institutions and places where members of the floating population .are likely to be found (which again include hotels, lodging-houses etc. for a second time). See that all private dwellings are entered first in the list, then any residential public institutions and last of all any places where members of the floating popUlation are to be found. Explain any local difficulties to them.

9. When the House List of a block is complete, check it carefully and see that the Abstract of it is properly prepared and sent to the Charge Superintendent. Pay particular attention to column 6 of the Abstract and see that the fignre entered in it is as accurate a forecast as possible of the number of inmates of institutions and of the floating population likely to be .found in the block in February next.

10. Instructions as to House Numbering will be issued later in the year to your Charge Superintendent. It will be your duty to make sure that your Village Officers or Municipal employees understand how it is to be done and do it correctly.

11. The taking of a census is a very important feature in the life of every nation, but in a country so big as India we cannot afford to have a census at all unless everybody is prepared to take a voluntary part in it and to shoulder the burden of census work in addition to his ordinary duties. When there are auch all enormous number of officers taking part as Charge Superintendents and Supervisors, claims for travelling allowance are apt to assume vast proportions and it is absolutely necessary to keep them as low as possible. The following two rules will, therefore, govern the grant of travelling allowance for census duties :-

(1) Touring Officers who are in receipt of fixed monthly travelling allowance cannot claim any extra travelling allowance for cenSllS duties provided that those duties lie within the area in which they are normally expected to tour in the course of their ordinary work. They should comb!ne their census duties with their ordinary work when it takes them to the area concerned~ If their census duties take them outside that area t they may claim travelling apowance for the portions of their journeys lying outside that area only, and' such travelling allowance' will be limited to what are considered ·to be fair actual expenses..-- .

(2) Stationary officials who are not in receipt of fixed monthly travelling allowance may claim travelling allowance for tours on census work'which take them beyond a radius of 5 miles from their headquarters~ but such travelling allowance will be limited to what are consldered to be fair'a.ctual expenses. Officers are earnestly requested to make their claims as moderate as is possible in consonance with the efficient discharge of their census duties.

II. INSTRUOTIONS TO CHARGE SUPERINTENDENTS.

1. As a. Oharge Superintendent you have received copies of my Circulars NOl!l.- 8, 9 and 10 and will receive a subsequent circular on House

3

Numbering, which explain fully all the preparatory stages in the (JenSlla arrangements. Your duty is to exercise a general supervision over the supervisors and enumerators in your charge and you are responsible for seeing that they understand what they have to do and that they do it correctly and promptly. You should inspect some of the work done by each of your supervisors aud prescribe such reports as you think fit for seeing that they carry out each stage of their work in good time. Any supervisor who fails to do his work properly should be reported to the Divisional Officer for punishment by the head of his office. '

2. Yon should see that all your supervisors and enumerators have sufficient supplies of pens, ink and paper. Pen and ink can usually be borrowed, if not already in possession. Paper for .the making of the House Lists should be found from the stock already in the hands of village officers and Illunicipal employees which they use in the course of their ordinary duties.

3. You must pay particular attention to the careful maintenance of. your Charge List and to the instructions regarding its subm~ssion to the rl'ahsildar or Collect OJ? as the case may be.

. N.B. :-Part II of this Manual will be issued later in the year and will deal with the Census questionnaire, the method of filling up the enumeration slips and of inscribing the Code Numbers on them, and the manner in which the checking of enumeration and striking of preliminary totals are to be carried out. '

APPENDIX A.

The system of enumeratio~: Explan&tion to enumerators. 1. What is done at the census is to catch .avery man, woman and

child, to count them, to ask them certain questions and to write down their replies. This is what is called" enumeration" and the person who does it is' an "enumerator". , You have been appointed enumerator of a particular area which is called your "block ", and your duty is to enumerate the people whom you find in your block according to the following rules.

2. These people may be divided into three classes:-

(1) the household population who live in private dwellings, (2) the inmates of residential public institutions and (3) the floating population.

(1) The household population :who live in private dwellings in your block include not only the members of the family living in each such house but also their servants and any relations or friends who may be staying with them. People of this class may often-go away frQm their houses during the day or at night or even for several days and nights in order to go either to their work or to their fields or to a market in another village or to a festival at a temple nearby or for some other reason like that; but the place at which you can most easily find them is the house in which they are'usually staying, and that is the best place at which to enun1erate them. So people of this class will be enumerated only at the places where they are usually living during the period of enumerationnot at their offices or places of work or business, and not when travelling either by train or on the road. Nearly all the people in your block will be household popUlation Ii ving in private dwellings, because any place where

\

4

permanent residents are usually to be found living, eating and sleeping, is the private dwelling of those residents. You will, therefore, n~ed plenty of time in which to enumerate them. So in villages the enumeration of this class of the population will last for three weeks, beginning on the 9th ,February next, and in towns for two weeks, beginning on the 16th :February. It is important to understand that the.re will be no attempt at a simultaneous enumeration of this class of the popUlation on one night, ' as there has been in the past, or even on one day. During those two or three weeks you must visit all the private dwellings in your block in the order in which they have been entered in the House List and enumerate the people whom you find living in them. It is very important that everybody should be enumerated once and so you must be careful to ask who are all the people living in each house you visit or taking their meals from that house. But it is equally important that nobody should be enumerated twice over in two different places, and so, before you enumerate anybody, you must always ask whether he has already been enumerated in any other place, and, if he has, you must not enumerate him again yourself. Also, whenever you enumerate a person, you must tell that person, or make sure that some other responsible member of the household tells him, that he has been enumerated by you and that, if he goes away to any other place, he must not allow himself to be enumerated a second time by any other enumerator. Now there will be some people who usually live in the houses in your block who will be absent at the time when you visiL the houses. rrhe rule about such people is that, if they are only temporarily absent, that is to say, if they are expected to be back by the 1st March, you must enumerate them as if they were present: but if they have gone away for a longer time and will not ,be back by the 1st March, then you must not enumerate them, because they win be enumerated at the other place where they are staying. And you will also find visitors stopping in the houses in your block who do not usually live there but who have come to stay there from some other place. r:rhe rule about these people is that, if they are staying for a fairly long time in your block, that is to say, u:p.til after the 1st March, then you must enumerate them: but if they are only temporarily stopping in your block and expect 'to be back at their own homes by the 1st March, then you must not enumerate them, because they will be enumerated at the other place where they usually live.

(Important Note :-It will be observed that the definition of "tmnporary" absence and oj Hternporary" visit which has now been adopted, namely absence or visit not extending beyond the 1 st MWJ'ch, is different from the definition originally adopted in pa'J"agraph A-5 0/ my Oircular No.8 of the 80th May in which temporary absence or visit was defined as absence or visit "for not more than some two or three days or nights. " The revised definition has been adupted in order to secu~·e uniformity throughout the whole of India in regard to the treatment of absentees and visitors from one Province or' State' tv another, and rnust be strictly followed, pa'rticularty in regard to MadTasis who are absent in another Province or Btate and to people from other Provinces or States who are visiting Madras at the time 0/ the enwmeration. 'The criterion must always be '''will the absentee or visitor have retu/rned to his usual place 0/ residence by the ,1st March or not ?") ~ ~

(2) There may be no residential public institutions, such as hospitals, jails, leper or lunatic asylums, in your block, but, if there are any, then theinmates of such institutions are the in-patients in hospital, the prisoners in jail and so on. rrhese people may stay in the institutions for long or short periods, but there will always be some coming in and some going out and so it is safest to enumerate all of them at one and the same time. rfhls will

5

be done on the morning of the last day of the enumeration period, namely the 28th February, and you must wait t.ill then before you go to the institution and enumerate the inmates on that morning. Some of the inmates however, who have only recently come to the institution \Yill be nlembers of the household population either of your block or of some other lJlock who will all-eady have been enumerated at their own homes, so -you must be particularly careful to ask them whether they have already been enumerateu or not. If any inmate is leaving the institution that day, you should enumerate him and warn him not to allow himself to be enumerated again at the place to which he is going.

(3) The floating population means ihe people whom you will not find staying in any fixeu place of residence in your block and wp-o are constantly moving from one place to llnother. rfhey are people such as lodgers in hotels, choultries and 'l'ravellers' Bungalows who stop there for a night or two and then go on to some other place. They are people who have no fixed place of abode at all. Buch as poor people who live in the streets, beggars who wander from place to place and members of wandering tribes. And they are people who live permanently on canal and river boats and have no hOUles on the land. rrhe only way to make sure of catching such people is to go to the places where they are likely to be sleeping at night, and in order to make sure that they are not enumerated more than once in different places they must be enumerated all together on one night. So on the evening of the 28th ITebruary after the time when lamps are lit you must visit all the places in your block where members of the floating population are likely to be found sleeping, (Le., all the places noted at the end of your House List) and you must enumerate them on that one night. But you must remember that many of the people who are stopping for that night in your block may be members of the household popUlation of some other block who will already have been enumerated at the places where they usually live. So before you enumerate any such people you must always make sure that they really are members of the floating population and must first ask whether they may have been staying for Borne time in a house in any other block during the two or three preced~ ing weeks and whether they have already been enumerated by any other enumerator.

3. Next it will be necessary on the following day, the 1st March, to go round all the houses in your block ~uring the daytime and find out whether anyone of the people whom you had previously enumerated has since died before sunrise that Inorning and whether any baby has been newly born in those houses since the time when you previonsly enumerated the occupants. You must go not only to the private dwellings, in your block but al~o to the residential public institutions which you have ellullierated. If anyone whom you had previously enumerat.ed has died~ you lllUst _make a note of his name and house-number on a separate piece of paper and keep it to show to your supervisor when you meet him to adJ up the totals on the following day; and if any baby has been newly born since you enumerated the members of the household.,. you must enumerate that baby on a fresh slip just like anyone else. And while you are going round the houses on that day, you must take the opportunity to enquire whether any person has newly come to stay at any house who was not there at the time when you previously enumerated the people in that house, and, if so, you must question him as to whether he has been enumerated· anywhere- else or not; and if he has not, then you must enumerate him yourself.

N. B :-All the time that you are enumerating any of the people in your block you must carry the House List of your block with you. In

6

column 4 of that List you will find the number of members of the household population who ordinarily live in each private dwelling in your block, and ill column 6 you will find an estimate of the number of inmates of the residential public institutions in your block and of the number of members of the floating population whom you are likely to find at the various places. These figures will serve as a guide to you as to the number of people whom you are likely to have to enumerate at each place, but they will not necessarily represent the actual number of people whom you will have to enumerate, because those figl1res were noted down when the House List was prepared several months before and it is certain that there will have been changes since then; some people will have gone away, others come, some died and Borne infants been born.

APPENDIX B. Preparation of the House List.

1. A separate House List will be prepared for each census block, but the serial numbtlrs allotted to the houses in the lists will run in a single series for the whole of a village or the whole of a town ward, as the case may be. That is to say, the person makiug the House List will complete the listing of all the houses to be listeu in OlIe block and then go to the next block and, beginning on a separate sheet of paper, will list all the houses to be listed in that block, but will continue a single seNes of num~ bers from one block to the next until the list has been completed for the whole village or ward. In Municipalities which have been Town surveyed the ward referred to will be the Town Survey Ward or Division, not the electoral ward.

2. The House List will be in the form shown in Appendix I, the form for use in Municipalities differing slightly as shown in note 2 to the Appendix. The following are detailed instructions for its preparation ;-

(a) The only houses that will be entered in the list. are houses ordinarily used as residences, i.e., houses in which human beings five, ta.ke their meals and sleep. (Any such houses situated within Railway, Port or other such limits,:where these limits have not been constituted special divisions, will be entered in the ordinary House List of the block). Houses ordinarily used as residences are of two kinds: Private dwellings and R~sidential Public Institutions.

(i) Private dwellings --All the private dwellings in the block will be entered first in series in the list. To these will apply the Census definition of a "house" which is the same as in 1931, namely, every dwelling with a separate main entrance. This definition contains three criteria; "dwelling", "separate" and "main."; Dwelling means that it is a place where human .beings have their abode. Thus ruined houses, cattle-sheds, stables and out-houses are not included. But unoccupied houses which are fit for occupation and, houses which are under construction and will probably be finished before the Census is taken should be included. HSeparate" means that t4e- occupants of the dwelling should not in order to reach it have to traverse 'any room or hall uset! for living purposes by occupants of another dwelling. ThuB the entrance may be from a street or yard, alleyway or landing used in common with neighbours, but must not be from a living .. rooill. or hall which such neighbours occupy or share for living purposes. "Main" means that the separate entrance should be that regularly used by persons entering the dwelling and

7

that it should be an entrance of a normal and recognisable type. Thus independent access by a window, a trap-door or a hole in the wall would not justify the rating of a dwelling at a Census "house" : nor would the presence of a never or rarely used dooor.

Every private dwelling that satisfies this definition will have a separate 9Iltry in columns 1 and 2 and the name of its principal occupant will be noted in column 3: e. g., each separate fiat in a block of fiats, each sepa-. rate quarter in a Police Hne or line of servants' godowns in a bungalow com .. pound and so on. Private dwellings will include any separate residential quarters occupied by members of the staff of public institutions, such as hospitals and jails, Railway and Port premises and so on : when such quarters are entered in the list, the nature of the quarters should also be entered in column 3 along with the name of the principal occupant. Private dwellings will also include such premises as hotels, lodging-houses and even offices or shops if the owner. or proprietor and his family or a watchman or caretaker permanently resides in such premises and has not got a separate home of his own elsewhere. (In such cases a hotel or lodging-house will receive two entries in the list, first as a private dwelling in columns 1 to 5 and 7, and again at the end of the list as a place where membe:rs of the floating popUlation are likely to be found in columns 3 and 6 only. Similarly in such cases a shop will receive two entries. one as a private dwelling in columns 1 to 5 and 7, and again as a shop in column 8). When separate families occupy parts of the same house and their different dwellings cannot be rated as distinct Census "house," the whole house will receive a single entry, but the head of each of the separate families living in it should be entered in column 3 and the connected particulars in respect of each family be entered separately in columns 4 and 5. Temporary dwellings, such as huts erected in the fields for the use of persons watch~ ing crops, need not be entered; nor need the huts of members of wander~ ing tribes who move from place to place.

(li) Residential Public Institutions :-Any residential public institntions in the block will be entered in series in the list after all the private d \VeIlings have been entered. U uder this heaQ_ing come hospitals, jails and other such institutions in which people actually reside, though they are not permanent residents of the institutions in question, namely, the in-patients, prisoners, etc. They do not include office buildings, factories, workshops, Railway stations or Port godowns and so on which, though occupied during the day, cannot be classed as residential buildings. As stated in the previons paragraph any separate residential quarters occupied by the staff of such institutions and premises will be separately entered in columns 1 and 2. All the remaining buildings of such institutions, e.g., the wards of a hOf:pital or prisoners' blocks in a jail, will be lumped together and a single entry be made in respect of each institution. This will be given a serial number in column 1 and its name and description will be noted in column 3, but it will not receive any entry in colnmn 2. A temple may be classed as a residential public institution and entered in columns 1 and 3 if there are persoD8 regularly residing on the temple premises; otherwise it need not be entered at all, unless it happens to come under sub-paragarph (b) below. 0; ., -

(b) Apart from houses ordinarily used as residences the only other places to h,e entered in the list are places where members of the "floating population" are likely to be found, such as a hotel or choultry, a boat~stand or any premises on which the houseless poor and vagrants are accustomed to spend the night. These will all be entered together at the end of the

8

Honse List for the block after the Public Institutions, and, like Public Institutions. will be entered by name and description in column 3, but will not be given any entry in column 1 or 2. Amongst them will be included the names of any streets in which vagrants and poor people are likely to be found sleeping.

(c) Oolumn 4: is only to be filled up in respect of people normally residi.ng in private dwellings (only those entered in column 2): that is to say, it will show the usual resident population of each such honse, or num?er of people whom you would ordinarily expect to find living there. This will include both members of the family and their servants residing i.n the same house. Only the total number of residents under each of the four heads need be given. Where more than one family occupies the same house, particnlars should be entered in respect of each family separately. Children will be boys and girls under 14 years of age; others will be treated as adults. No entries should be made in column 4 in respect of the occupants of public institutions entered in column 3 or of the floating population.

Cd) In column 5 against each household population shown in column 4 will be entered the religion to which the members or majority of members of that household belong. It will be entered under the foJlawing headingo only, entries being ma{1f~ by means of the initial letters shown in brackets after each beading :-Hinrlu sub-divided into Brahman (B), Scheduled Caste (S.C.) and other Hindus (O.H.), Christian (X)~ Muslim (M), and Others (0). No entries need be made in thi.s column in respect of the inmates of institutions and members of the floating population to be shown in colUlpD 6. A list of the Scheduled Castes in the PresideDcy is given in Appendix III.

(e) In column 6 entries will be Illade in respect of (i) the occupants of residential public institutions entered in column 3 who are not perma~ nenny resident there, namely the in-patients in hospitals, prisoners in iails and so on, and (ii) members of the "floating population" such as lodgers in hotels and choultries and persons likely to he found at the places mentioned- in paragraph (0) above. The number to be entered is the average number of such persons likely to be found in each such place in the month of February. In making these entries under head eii) the definition of "floating population" given in my Circular No. 8 must be carefully horne in/mind. People should not -be included who, although they may happen to stay for ~ night or two in the block, are really members of the " houseliold population" who will be enumerated at their homes elsewhere; e.g., cartmen who come for a night to a cartMstand and return next day to their own place. '

(I) In column 7 entries will again only be made in respect of private dwellings entered in column 2. A" Pukka house" is one having walls of brick, stone or concrete, whatever the nature of the roof may be. A "Kutcha house" is one having walls of mud or any still less durable material. All pukka houses will be shown in one column (except in Municipalities where they will be stown in two 90lumns according as to whether they have one or more storeys. In :Municipalities detached or garden bungalows will also be shown in a separate column). Kutcha houses are divided into two classes, those with tiled roofs and those with thatched roofs. Some houses may be partly pukka and partly kutch~, or partly tiled and partly thatched. In such cases it is the general construction of the major portion of the house that should be taken into consideration.

9

(g) In column 8 a note will be made of each shop In the block as the person making the house-list COlnes to it. All that we want to know is the total number of shops in the block. It does not matter whether the shop is part of a dwelling-house or a separate shop premise, or whether it has received an entry in any other column or not. Only recognisable shops of a more or less permanent nature should be entered. Temporary or movable booths or stalls should not be entered. Tea-sJ:1ops, coffee hotels, toddy-shops and lodging-houses where no sales of lnaterial goods are made but only of food or drink to be consumed on the premises should be omitted. In the case of markets containing a number of shops, if the market is a permanent one wherein shop-owners regularly carryon business in more or less permanent structures, the total number of such shops in it should be entered. If the market is only held at intervals and stall-holders in it come and go, no entry should be made in respect of it at all.

3. As soon as the Honse List has been completed for each block, an Abstract of it will be prepared for that block. This will be in the form given in Appendix II. In column 1 will be entered the total number of buildings to which serial numbers have been allotted in the block, i.e., the total number of private dwellings and public residential institutions in the block. In coLump_ 2 will be entered the total number of private dwellings only. In column 3, whol'3e heading differs from that of the corresponding column of the House List itself, will be entered only the names of the principal occupants of European and Anglo-Indian households (if any) which for linguistic reasons it is desirable that an English-speaking circle supervisor should himself enumerate. In columns 4, 6, 7 and 8 will be entered the totals of the corresponding columns in the House List. In column 5'will be entered the total number of members of the household popUlation of private dwellings under each religion heading, thus, e.g.,

B.21, O. H. 89,

X.15, etc.

Note.-Special Instruction :-Population 0/ Hamlets:

For purposes of public he,alth operations the Government desire to have separate information as to the population of hamlets.which are included in Revenue villages and rural towns_ This information is not required for census purposes proper, but can be gathered without difficulty from the figures of Household Population which are to be entered in column 4 in the course of drawing up the House List. In villages and 'rural towns to which hamlets are attached, therefore, ~he Village Officers should be careful to Iuake a note of the serial numbers of all the private dwellings- comprising each such hamlet; this should not be difficult as the houses comprising each hamlet will doubtless be listed together in a group. Then, at the time of preparing the Abstract of the House List the Village Officers should make a separate note of the total Household Population of each hamlet under the four categories shown in column 4 of the House List and make a separate report of these totals, together with the nalIl:e of the village and hamlet concerned, to the Revenue Inspector. A list Qf all hamlets and their populations should be consolidated in the Taluk Office and reported to the Collector who will be requested to communicate a copy of it to the Director of Public Health who is being asked to correspond direct with Collectors on the subject. It may be especially noted 'that these details of hamlet populations are not to be entered in the Abstract of the House List but only to be reported separately.

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12

APPENDIX III.

List of Scheduled Clas'ses.

Race, tribe or caste.

1 Adi- Andhra. 2 Adi-Dravida. 3 Adi-Karnataka. 4 Ajila. 5 Aranadan {also ·P.T.) 6 Arunthuthiyar. 7 Baira. 8 Bakuda. 9 Bandi.

10 Bariki. 11 Battada. 12 Bavuri. 13 Bellara. 14 Byagari. 15 Chachati. 16 Chakkiliyan: 17 Chalavadi. 18 Chamar. 19 Chandala. 20 Cherurnan. 21 Dandasi. 22 Devendrakulathan. 23 Dombo (also ·P.T.) ~4 Ghasi. 25 Godagali. 26 Godari. 27 Godda. 28 Gosangi. 29 Raddi. 30 RasIa. 31 Holeya. 32 Jaggali. 33 Jambuvulu. 34 Kadan (also ·P.T.) 35 Kalladi. 36 Kanakkan. 37 Karimpalan (also ·P.T.) 38 Kattunayakan (also ·P.T.) 39 Kodalo. 40 Koosa. 41 Koraga. 42 Kudiya (also ~P.T.) 43 Kudubi (also ·P.T.) 44 Kudumban.


45 Kuravan. 46 Kurichchan (also ·P.T.) 47 Kuruman (also ·P.T.) 48 Madari. 49 Madiga. 50 Maila. 5! Mala. 52 Mala Dasu. 53 Malasar (also ·P. T.) 54 Matangi. 55 Mavilan (also ·P.T.) 56 Moger (other than the Non-Brahman

57 Muchi. 58 Mundala. 59 Nalakeyava. 60 Nayadi. 61 Pagadi. 62 Paidi. 63 Painda. 64 Paky. 65 Palla.n. 66 Pambada. 67 Pamidi. 68 Pancharna. 69 Paniyan. 70 Panniyandi. 71 Pano (also ·P.T.) 72 Paraiyan. 73 Paravan. 74 Pulayan. 75 Puthirai Vannan. 76 Raneyar. 77 Relli. 78 Samagara. 79 Samban. 80 Sapari. 81 Semman. 82 Thoti. 83 Tiruvalluvar. 84 V ll11uvan. 85 Valmiki. 80 Vettuvan.

• P. T. :::::Primitive Tribe.

Ananda Press. Madrab.

Hindu Mog~r).

MANUAL FOR CHARGE SUPERINTENDENTS AND SUPERVISORS.

flo

PART II

~eries of Goae Cf'los. relating to Circle Charge

GDiscriet - fI aluli - Charge *Cirele.

~naer seefion 2 of foe fnaian Census 8I ef, 1939, 90U are

C 6 . f a Supervisor of the Circle f fl' fi fC (Jere 9 app0In e . ------~ 0 W Ie De Charge SupeTintendent for the Charge

6 . f (7!) a (Ji\' 6' 1 t:. 'f f . the town of .............. . a aue series 0 "-'0 e Tlum ers re al.es, S1 ua e In h t e rural area

in/of ff aluH .......................................... ..

of C9Disfrief .............................................. .

~ignafure ... __ ........ , ............................... , ..... .

GDatea ................................... 1940. <DDes i g nat ion ............................ " ............... __ .

• This will be left blank in orders or.a,ppoilltments of Charge Superintendents.

1

I. INSTRUOTIONS TO SUPERVISORS.

1. As a Supervisor you are responsible for the thoroughness and accuracy of the enumeration done within your cirqle and for the careful and prompt filling up and sendihg in of the final returns of population. Your formal order ot appointment 'is on the front page of this Manual. You must keep this Manual carefully and, in the event of your being transferred or otherwise ceasing to hold your census appoint-men t, you must return it ~t once to your Charge Superintendent for ~orrection of the appointment order and re-issue to your snccessor.

Duties during the months of J'anuary and ~arly February. 2. Classes of instruction for enumerators in regard to the meanings

of the census questions and the method of filling up the en nmerati.on slips will, so far as possible, be held by myself, by Revenue Divisional Officers and by Charge Superint,endents, but, it will equally be your duty to see that yuur ennmerators have thoroughly understood their ills~ructions. You must therefore carefully study the'Flnumerator's Booklet, of which you have received a copy, along with the additional instructions in Appendix I to this Manual, and take every opportunity du~ing the month of January to explain these instructions to your enumerators. You should also make them practise how to fill up an enumeration slip by drawing "the form of it (see Enumerator's Booklet) on a elate or on any piece of paper and by putting the questions to any person who happens to be passing by and watching your enumerators record the anSWt)fS

to them. 3. The Enumerator's Booklets intended for the enumerators of yonr

circle will be handed over to them at the classes of il1eteuc~ion refelTeu to above or otherwise distributed to them. Each Booklet will bear on it the Form of appointment of t.he enumerator concerned, together with the series of Code Numbers relating to his block. You should make sure that each enumerator has been given his proper Booklet and that the series of Code N ambers on it is correct, and impress upon him that the Booklet must be very carefully preserved: if any Booklet is lost or destroyed, ask your Charge Superintendent for another to replace it.:

4. The enumeration slip pads intended for your circle will be handed over to you by your Oharge SU,perinten'dent in the last week of the month of January together with a Circle Issue Statement showing the number of pads to be given to each.enumerator and the size of the pads. This Statement will be in the form given in Appendix III. You will sign a receipt for the pad8 in the form given at the foot of the Statement aud give it to your Charge SuperIntendent·. The Issue Statement you will retain with you. Then, durin~ the first week of February, you will Bumffir>n your enumerators together to meet you at some central and convenient place within the circle and hand the p:l.\ls over to them, taking their signatures in the 18sue_Statem~nt in token of receipt.

5. At the time of handing over the pads you will also show your enumerators how to fill in on the slips the series' of Oode N urn bers relating to their blocks, and will watch them while they actually write the numbers on as many as possible of all the slips contained in their pads. Make sure that erich enumerator gets the series (jf numbers right for his block and that he writes them on the slips very neatly. If any enumerator has more than one block in his charge. see that he writefi the correct series of Numbers on the slips intended for each of his blocks respectively.

, , ~"" ~t. the same time you should finally satisfy yourself that your enumerators have no doubts in their minds as to the method of ennmeration, as to the meaning of the questions, or 0.8 to the method of writing _the answers on the slips. Impress upon them that they must not assume that, because they are acquainted with any person whom they have "to' enllDlerate, they can fill up

the slip regarding him without personally asking him the questions. They must actually put the questions to him (or, if he is absent, to some near relative of his) and record the answers as given out. If you or any of your enumerators doubt the accuracy of any answer given by a person, first explain to him clearly the nature of the infornlation required. When he has been made to understand this, you should accept the "answer which 1je then gives, whatever your opinion of its accuracy may be. But if you consider the answer to be deliberately false,' point out to the perso[l that he is liable to punishment for giving false information a'nd, if he still persists in it, accept his answer without further dispute and report the matter to your Oharge Superintendent.

7. It will also at that time be your duty to see that any houses which have been newly built or newly occupied in your circle since the time of tb.~ preparation of the House Lists are entered in the House Lists in order that they may not be omitted when the time for enumeration comes.

Duties during the period of enumeration. 8, During the period of enumeration you must be continually on the

move within your circle in order to check the work of your enumerators as follows :-

(i) During the first two or three days make a point of inspecting the work of each enumerator to make sure that he has made a good start on th~ enumera· tion of the household population. '

(ii) As soon as an enumerator, completes all the slips in any of his pads he will hand the pad over to yon and you lnust make a note of the fact in the Oircle Issue Statement. When he does so, you should go through all the slips in the pad to see whether there are any obvious mistakes or omissions. If the enumerator shows you that any slip in the pad has ~een spoiled, you should write across it ill lal'ge letters the word" Cancelled " and initial it. ,

(iii) Taking any such completed pads you should then visit as many as pos'3ible of the houses in the block- and personally check the answers recorded in as many of the slips as possible. There is no need to wait until your enumeratllrs have completed all their work amongst the household population, but you should be carrying out your check concurrently throughout the period of enumeration. You must personally check the entries in at least 20% of the Slips relating to your circle.

(iv) If by any chance you find that any enumerator is running short of slips and will not have enough to complete the enumeration of his block, you should immediately ask your Charge Superintendent for a further supply of slips. If, however, his stock is exhausted, you should take a pad from another enumerator who is likely to have an excess of slips and very careful1y separate frOIn it the requisite number of slips, taking a, round number of them in multiples of 10. Make a note on the back of the pad of the number of slips removed from h, and then stitch the slips which you have separated very carefully together and hand them over to the enumerator who requires them. Make a note of the transaction in the :Remarks column of the Circle Issue Statement. Do not, however, on any account hand out any loose single slips to any of your enumerators. If the slips which you have separated have already had their series of Code Numbers written on them, yon must see that the enumerator to whom they are given corrects the block number on each such slip neatly and legibly. '

\ ' '" (v) By the morning of the 28th Februa,ry you must make sure that your

enumerators have c'ompleted all their work amongst the household population and have handed over to you 'all the pads' which they have so far completed.

, (vi) On the ~orning, of; 'the 28th' Feb~uary visi't any residential public institutioJ}s in your circle and check the work which the enumerators are doing there, taking pEtrticular care W see that recent arrivals who have already ooen

8

enumerated at their homes are not eI;lumerated a second time and that the special rules in the Enumerator's Booklet regarding the enumeration of in·patients in hospital, prisoners in jail etc.~ are observed.

(vii) On that same evening you will have to go to the places in your circle where most members of the floating popuLation are likely to be found and see that their enumeration is correctly carried out. You must be particularly careful to see that there is no confusion beLween genuine members of the floating population and other temporary visitors or travellers who will already have been enumerated as members of the household population at their usual places of residence.

(viii) During the daytime of the- Iht March see that your enumerators make the round of all the houses in their blocks and yourself make a raudom check at as many houses as possible to see that deaths prior to sunrise have been noted, that babies newly born prior to sunrise have been enumerated and that strangers who have come to stay at any of the houses snbsequent to the date on which the members of the household were enumerated have been qnestioned as to whether they have been eUUIIlel'ated anywl18re else, and, if they have not, have been enumerated t.here on that day.

(ix) If yours is a rural area you will have to send in two progress reports of your work to your Ohal'ge Superintendent, the first on the 16th February and the second on the 22,rd February: if it is a town area you will have to I!end in only one report on the 23rd ]february. These reports will be in the form given in Appendix IV (fJrinted forms will not be issued for these reports).

Duties on the 2nd Ma.rch. 9. On the morning of the 2nd March your enumerators should meet you

at the same central place at which you originally handed oVl:'r their pads to them, bringing with them any pads remaining in their hands and also the House Lists of their blocks. You will have to bring with you all the completed pads which have already been surrendered to you by the enumerators, and also the Enumerator's and Circle Abstract forms whicll will have been supplied to you by your Oharge Superintendent. You will then proceed as follows:-

(i) You will verify that each enumerator has in his hands all the pads that you have issued to him.

(ii) You will then receive the report from each enumerator of any deaths that have occurred up to sunrise un the previous morning amongst the people whom he has enumerated and will tell the enumerator to find the slip relating to each such individual who has died, and across that slip you will write in large letters the word "Deceased H and initial it. At the same time you will see that the enumerator makes the necessary changes ill the slips relating to the relatives of the dece:ased person : e.g., if a husband has died, his wife should now be shown as widowed instead of married against QUestion 5 ; if a child has died, the number of children surviving to the mother in Questfon 7- win have to be altered. A similar alteration will have to be made in the case of the mother in Question 7 if any of your enumerators has on the 1st March enumer· ated a newly born child: see that this is done. . (iii) You will then .make yo~r enumerators go through all their slips and

in the, case of every slip relating to a Female, whether adult, child or infant, i.e~, every slip which has the letter F (01' its Vernacular equivalent) written in the bottom right-hand cornel', you will make them cut off that triaugular righthand bottom corner very neatly along the printed lille. Slips relating to Males, i.e., those which have the lett€r M (or its Vernacular equivalent) ,written in that corner, must be left intact exactly as they are, For the purpose of c~utting off the 'corners of Female slips you should tell your enumerators in advance to bring with them a pair of scissors and had better provide yourself with one or \WO pairs also in case the enumerators forget: scissors can easily be borrowed

for the occasion. You n1ust keep a sharp eye on your enumerators while they are doing. the cutting, for the absenc~ of the corner iF} going to make all the difference between a male and female slip in the subsequent stageS of sorting.

(iv) While the enumerators are going through their slips and cutting off the corners they can at the same time make a preliminary count of the totals of the population of their blocks. Separate totals will be extracted for

(a) Total number of Males+ (b) Total number of Females, (0) Total number of Literate Males, (d) Total number of biterate Females,

in the form of the Enumerator's Abstract which is shown in Appendix V l Printed forms of this Abstract will be snpplied to you by your Charge Superintendent. Literates will be only those in whose slips t,he name of a script has been entered against Question No. 20, i.e., those who can both read and write. Totals of children of schof)l-going aile, i.e., of 5 years of age and over but under 10 years of age, will at the same time be extracted separately for Boys and Girls. Slips across which you have written the word H Deceased" will of course not be included in the coun t at sll.

(v) While making this prelilninary count the enumerators should at the same time tick off on their House Lists each private dwelling and residential public inetitution in which they have actually enumerated any persons as they come to the slips relating to it, in oruer that it may be possible to arrive easily at the totals of occupied private dwellings and residential public institutions which were found to be actually occupieu at the time of the enumeration, these totals added together representing the total of occupied houRes.

(vi) This preliminary count should be noted down and totalled up on a piece of loose paper which the enumerator should hand over to you. You will then hand over that enumerator's pads to another enumerator who will again count the slips and add up the totals all another piece of loose paper which he will hand over to you. Finally you should count the slips and add up the totals yourself. If your totals agree with those of the two enumerat,ors, they should be considered to be correct and be entere-d in the Enumerator's Abstract. If the three totals do not agree, they must be added again until they do.

(vii) 'rhe totals of occupied private dwellings and residential public institutions will then be extracted from the houses ticked off in the House Lists and be entered in the Abstract and the rest of that form will be completed.

10. When all the Enumerator's Abstracts have been correctly completed, you should arrange them according to the sedal numbers of the block~ and stitch them carefully together. From these Abstract~ you will then prepare the Circle Abstract with the help of your two beAt enumerators who will assist you to check it. 'l~his will be in the form given in Appendix VI and a printed form of it will be supplied to you in January along with the Enumerator's Abstract forms. As soon as it is complete you should send or take it, together with the bundle of Enumerator's Abstracts, to your Oharge Superintendent on the evening of the 2nd March itself.

11. Finally you should arrange the pads of your circle in the order in which they appear in the Oircle Issue Statement and place on top of them your copy of that Statement finally corrected to show how many pa.ds of each size were actually used by each enumer1}tor. The pads and Statement should then be forwarded to the Tahsildar of the Taluk or the Municipal Oommissioner, as the case may be. Your duties will then be over. .

II. INSTRUCTIONS A.S TO TRAVELLING ALLOWANCE. 12. The rmes relatiui to claims for Travelling Allowance laid down in

paragraph 11 of Part I of this Manual will continue to apply. These rules have since been approved by Government in G. o. No. 2247 Development dated the

20th September 1940, an extract from which will be found in Appendix VIlt. The need for keeping down claims for travelling allowance to the lowest possible limit is j nstifiable even in ordinary circumstances in view of the nature or an Indian census, its dimensions and limited financial resources, but it is obviously much more so at a time like the present. All claimants shoulu therefore be specially ins: ructed to restrict their claims strictly to actual. out-of-pocket expenses. It wonl,l be very helpful indeed for purposes of audit. if countersigning officers themsel ves would scrutinise all claims carefully according to these rules and cut down excessive claims at the very source.

It is also essential that claims for travelling allowance be dealt with and disposed of as quickly as possible. All census officers should therefore be directell to submit their travelling allowance bills not later than within one or two months of their claims becoming due. In a temporary department like the cen .. sus the six months' limit ordinarily admissible under the rules of audit cannot be taken advantage of.

The head of account to which the travelling allowance chargeable to census should be taken is "47 Miscellaneous Departments-Census-Central-B. Enumeration-2. Travelling allowance (Voted)" and it should be clearly noted on the travelling allowance bills concerned.

III. DUTIES OF CHARGE SUPERINTENDENTS. 13. Ynur duty is to exercise a general supervision over the enumerators

and Supervisol's in your Charge and you are responsible that the instructions set out above are followed in every circle under your control.

14. Your formal order of appointment is on the front page of this Manual and has been signed by the Collector. The copies of this Manual intended for the Supervisors in your Oharge are being issued to you by the Tahsildar of your Taluk, by whom the Supervisors' formal ord~rts of appointment will have been signed, unless your Charge is a Municipality, in which case YOU I as Com ~ missioner, will yourself sign the orders. Along with them you will receive an English copy of the Enumerator's Booklet for issne to each Supervisor for his own use: the Enumerator's appointment order forms on these booklets will, of course, be left blank. At about the same time you will receive from the Tahsildar the requisite number of Enumerator's Booklets for all the Euumerators in your Charge. The Enumerator's formal orders of appointment will also have been signed by tht~ rrahsildar, unless again your Oharge is a Municipality in which case you. as Commissioner, will sign the orders. As soon as you receive the copies or this Manuar intended for your Supervisors you should distribute them as quickly as possible, together with the English copy of the Enumerator's Booklet inLenued for each. rrhe Enumerator's Booklets should be issued to the Enumerators at the classes which you will hold at various cen tres in your Charge or, if you cannot get all round your Charge soon enough, should be distributed to them. through the most suitable agency. All recipi~nts of c1)pies of the Manual or Booklet should be told to pre~erve them" very carefully and; in the event of their being transferJ,"ed o.r otherwise ceasing to hold their ceusus appointments, to return the copies to yon at once So that the appointm~mt order forms can be corrected and the copies be re-issued to their seccessors.

15. You B4.ould yourself carefully study all the instructions regarding the meaning of the Gensu!!' questions and the method of filling up the enumeration slips and then hold classes" of instruction for your Supervisol's and Enumerators at as many centres in your Oharge as .possible. You should also attend the instruction class which I shall myself hold at one of the centres in your district of which notice will be sent you. You should make your Enumerators practise the filling up of slips in the way described -in paragraph 2 above. Remember that this form of enumeration is an innovation and that enumerators will require more careful training than at previous censuses. It may at first sight appear difficult, but it" was successfully tried out in ODe Indian State

6

in 1931 and, if they could make a success of it then, we can surely do 80 now. Remember also that there is to be only a single round of enumeration on'this occasion, although it is spread over two or three weeks, and that. when once it is over, there will be no time for correcting the work that has been done or for doing it over again and. therefore, that, every enumerator must be thoroughly trained and ready by the time the ennmeration begins.

16. The Oollector of your district will decide the total number oE, enumeration slip-pads that are to be allotted for use in your Oharge. When this has been decided, the pails will be issued to you by the rrabsildar of your 'raluk. These pads will all be pads of 100 slips each, but, in order to avoid waste of slips, you will have to divide Bome of them up into pads of 25, 50 and 75 slips each in accordance with the following instructions :-

On receipt of the pads it will be your duty to decide how many pads -are to be allotted to each of the blocks in your Charge. In order to do this you should take the total population of each block accOt'ding to the figures given In the House List and add roughly 2~% to it so as to bring it up to the nearest round figure ending in 25, 50, 75, or 100. In making these calculations you must use your discretion as to whether yon can allow rather more or rather less slips to each block according to the total number of pads that have been supplied to you. You must not, of conrse, exceed that total, but at the same time the number of slips supplied to each enumerator must include Bome margin over and above the actual figure of population provided by the House List. The size of this margin will depend on the number of slips available and the nature of the locality in which the block lies-e.g., a block where a large number of members of the fI._oating population are likely to be found should be allowed a bigger margin than one where only members of the Household Population will be found whose numbers are fairly constant. In any case make up the number to a round figure in multiples of 25.

Then prepare a Circle Issue Statement for each Circle in your Charge in the form given in Appendix 1[[, showing the number of pads to be issued to E'ach block according to whethee they are c6mplete pads of lUO slips each, or smaller pads of 25, 50, or 75 each. eN 0 printed forms will be issued for this Statement).

Finally you must carefully divide up the necessary nnmber of full size pads into as many smaller pads of 25, 50 and 7;) as may be needed. In doing so, carefully remove the metal tag which holds the pad together so as not to damage any of the slips and, when making up one of the smaller pads, tag or stitch it together with a piece of cardboard or stout paper at the bottom. If the number of pads supplied to you permits, you should retain a few spare pads with you for ·use in case of emergency, supposing at the time of enumeration it were found that the supply of pads in any circle was running short.

On no account should loose slips ever be issued to enumerators, as they are certain to-be lost or damaged. '_

You must complete these arrangements by the 1.5th January at the latest and keep each set of pads ready with its Circle Issue Statement until the last week of January when you should hand them over to your Supervisors. 'V'hen doing so, yon must take a receipt from each Supervisor as shown at the foot of the form in Appendix III, showing the total number of pads of each size issued tc him.

17. Printed forms of the EnumeratQr's Abstract, Circle and Charge Abstracts, will be issued to you during the month of January. You should issue one copy of the Oircle Abstract form and the requisite number of Enumerator's Abstract forms to each of your SuperTisors at the time that you hand over the 'pads intended for their circles to them and retain the Charge Abstract form with lOU.

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18. During the enumeration period you should inspect Borne 'of the work done by each Supervisor in your Charge, paying particular attention to any who are less intelligent than others or who incline to be lazy. Be sure that their progress reports [see paragraph 8 (ix) above] reach you and take prompt action if there is any undue delay or scamping of work on the part of any of them.

19. After the census has been taken, you must See that all the Circle Abstracts and Enumerator's Abstracts for your Charge reach you promptly. checking their arrival with the aid of your Charge List. Then make out your own Charge Abstract and see that it is very carefully checked. If your Charge is It Municipality, you will retain the Charge Abstract and the Circle and Enumerator's Abstracts with you for Municipal use and will forward certain information from them to the Collector of the District in a form which will be presc.ribed later. If your Oharge is a Town other than a Municipality or a rural area, you will forward your Charge Abstract, together with all the Circle and Enumerator's Abstracts, to the Tahsildar (or Deputy Tahsildar in independent charge) of the Taluk, and your duties will be over.

Tahsildal's (and Deputy Tahsildars in independent charge) will, on receipt of the Charge Abstncts etc. from all the Charge Superintendents in their Taluks (except Municipalities). retain them with them and compile from them certain information in a form which will be prescribed later and submit it to the Collector of the District.

20. There will not on this occasion be such great urgency about the publication of the results of the census as there has been in the past and totals of population and housing will be communicated by post instead of by telegraln. Bnt this does not mean that the preparation of the totals can be delayed. but only that it should be more carefully checked. Circle and Enumerator's Abstracts should be despatched to Charge Superintendents on the evening of the 2nd March itself, and Charge Abstracts should, where necessary. be despatched to Taluk Officers not later than the following evening. Instructions as to the Bubmission of information to the Oollector will follow.

APPENDIX 1. Supplementa.ry instructions for enumerators on the questionnaire.

Question. 1. Name. The census is not really interested in people's names. For instance, it is

not interested in the fact that Ramaswamy is a married man, aged 311, etc .• but all it really wants to know is what is the total n umber of married men. aged 30, etc., in each place. The name of the individual is, therefore, only recorded for purposes of identification and check. So you need only enter the simplest name by which the person can be readily identififld.

Question 8. Race, tribe or caste. In recording the aUl!!wers to this question we want. so far as possible, to

avoid any kind of controversy as to the proper title of any particular caste, but at the same time we want the caste name to be clearly reco~nisable. So stick to tbe instruction given against this Question in the Enumerator's Booklet. Take particular care in recording the caste of members of the Sc{teduled Castes and Backward Olasses (a list of the Scheduled Castes was incorporated in Pat't [ of this Manual aud a lillt of the Backward Classes is printed as Appendix I [ to this book). The tribe to which a member of a hill tribe belongs must be clearly recorded. In the case of persons other than Hindus it is enough to record broadly the community to which the person belongs, e.g., Muslim, Sikh, Jain etc. In the case of Hindus remember, that a man who calls himself" Rao " may be either a Brahmin or a Balija, and one who styles hi.mself "Pi.llai". ~ma.y

8

be 8 Vellala or a Pariah, so do not enter such vague general terms. Nor should names be entered whiQh are mere names of occupations, such as Talayari, nor naIlies which merely signify the native country of a person. such a8 'l'ondaiman. And, if the answers are being recorded in English, do not translate caste names into their English eqnivalents, e.g., for a man who declares his caste as Kaikolan, the word Kaikolan should be entered and not the translation" Weaver ".

Excommunicated persons should be entered as belonging to the caste from which they were excommunicated. When any person's parents belong to two different castes, enter him as being of his mother's ('aste. It a person says that he does not observe caste, do not press him to declare a caste, but enter "No caste." Indian Ohristians should not be pressed to declare a caste unless they belong to a Scheduled or Backward Caste.

Question' 4. Religion. It is unlikely that there will be any tabulation of sub·sects of religion,

so it is only the major head of religion that need be recor'ded. It does not matter ~f the answers to both Questions 3 and 4 are the same, e.g., in the case of Sikhs, J ains, etc. Particular care should be taken in respect of hill-tribesmen to ascertain whether they are Hindus or whether they worship tribal gods.

Question 5 . .Llfarried, unmarried, widowed or divorced. The answer to this question is to show the civil condition of the person

as it actually is at the time of enumeration. If, when asked if he is married, a man says" yes", he should next be asked whether his wife is living, as the vernacular answer to the first question may not always show whether he is married or a widower. In filling up this answer you should not question the validity of any marriage or be guided by your own notions of what is or is not a marriage, but should accep't the statement made by the person or, in the case of children, by their relati ves. A woman who has never been married in any form must be shown as unmarried even though she is a concubine.

Question 6. Age. At this census we are trying' to obtain much more precise information

about people's ages. This should now be possible because in recent years the recording of births has been made much more universal and accurate. So, whenever the actual date of birth is known, age is to be recorded both in years and months. Whenever possible, therefore, reference should be made to the Birth Register or Register of Unprotected Persons in order to detarmine a person's age.' Note that there should invariably be an entry for years, whether it is a number or, in the case of infanta, a O. When a person is unable to give his age, he should he asked whether he remembers any of the notable' local events of which a calendar has been compiled for your district and shown to you by your Charge Superintendent, and should be asked what was his age at the time that event took place, from which you can calculate his age now. A list of the Tamil, Tel ugu, Malayalam and Kanarese years corresponding to the English years will be found in Appendix VII. If it is not possible to find out the age by any means or enquiry, then the enumerator should estimate it from the person's ~ppearance. , Questions 7 and 8. Number oj children born to a married woman, number

surviving and age of woman at birth 0/ first child. . The reasons for including these two new questj,ons in the .questionnaire

are briefly these...:-In India what is known as the "population problem" is of great importance. All sorts of administrative provi8ions~ long-range plans fo·r buildings, roads, schools, water-supplies, etc,; as well as broader matters of national policy, have to be based on reasonable forecasts of population one or more generations ahead. In order to make such forecasts we want to know the tendencies which are at present displayed in the !D~tter of birthe of children, e.g.,

9

at what age do women begin to bear ~hildren, how many children have on the average been born to women of various ages an~ how many usually Burvive, and so on. The answers to these two questions will help us to make approximate estimates of how the population is likely to increase or decrease in different areas in the years to com~.

By " children born" is meant only children born alive. Still-births should not be counted. Great ,care must be taken that ll{) offence is given in asking these questions and that is why they have been put in such a form that, if any woman is unwilling to answer them herself, they can be asked of her husband or other male relative. But at the same time it is very important to get accurate replies, because otherwise our subsequent calculations and forecasts will be falsified. It is particularly important that the woman's age at birth of her first child should be correctly recorded and, if it cannot be, then it is better not to en ter any age at all but to write " Not known" instead. Do not cross-examine the woman but make use of the aids to determination of age which have been mentioned in the instructions on QUestion 6 abo vee

Question 9. Whollj or partly dependent. Owing to the strength of the family system in India it is frequently the

case that several persons depend upon the labours or earnings of one. At the same time various members of the household may make some kind of contribution towards the family maintenance as a whole. We want to find out to what extent these practices prevail and the real total number of people who are actually supported indirectly by each of the various occupations.

The best way to put the question will be first to ask •• Do you support yourself entirely?" If the answer is U Yes", then the person is' not dependent at all. If he says" No". then ask him "Do you regularly contribute anything in cash or in kind towards the support of yourself or the family ?" If he says " Yes", then he is only partially dependent. If he says "N 0 ", then he is wholly dependent.

Note that the contribution which he makes must be in cash or in kind. The m~re performance of work for the household is not enough, but it must be work that brings in a reward or wages in cash or in kind to the person who does it. Thus, a boy who looks after his father's cattle is not 'a contributor, but only if he is a regular cowherd who earns pay in cash or in kind.

Note also that the contribution must be a Bufficiently regular one. rrhus, a woman who now and again sells cakes of her own baking is not thereby a regular contributor to the maintenance of the family, but only if she bakes and sells cakes regularly (though not necessarily every day). But there are, of course, certain means of livelihood which only bring in a reward once or twi.ce during the year, e.g., agriculture which gains its reward when the crop is Bold, and such contributions should be treated as regular. -

! A contributor to the maintenance of the family need not actoally work

with body or mind: e.g., he"'may be a retired official who draws a pension or a private person who gets his income from in vestments.

In the case of co-parceners a person should be reg,arded a'S a contributor if he has a share which can be definitely attributed to him in a means of livelihood which actually exists and functions in fact and not merely in expectation, even

,if that share has not been reduced to Rupees, annas and pies or their equivalent. Whether such a co-parcener is partly dependent or not dependent at all must depend on whether his share is sufficient to support himself entirely or not.

A schoolboy with a free studentship should be shown as wholly dependent; but if he has a cash scholarship which goes towarde hi~ maintenance at home or in a hostel, he is partially dependent. '

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Qu,estion 10. If 80, means of livelihood of person on whom dependent. Note that the means of livelihood to be entered in answer to this question

. is the means of livelihood of the other person on whom the person enumerated is wholly or partially dependent: it is not the means of livelihood of the person enumerated himself. We want precision in answering this question, just as we do in answering Question 14 below. So, in entering the means of livelihood be precise and follow the instructions given against Question 14 below, except that it is only the principal means of livelihood that is to be entered here and not any subsidiary means.

Question 11. Do you employ (a) paid assistants (b) members 0/ house .. hold? If so, how many?

What the question seeks to ascertain are the general conditions under which a person pursues his means of livelihood, whether single-handed or with paid help or with the assistance of members of his household or with both. What we are really' concerned with here is the extent to which employment is given by individuals in the pursuit of their private enterprises, namely their individual occupations or small business and industrial concerns. We are not here interested in the extent to which employment is given by large-scale organisations such as Government or Companies. There are three important points to bear in mind :- \

(1) The question only relates to paid assistants or members of the household employed in the pursuit of the person's means of livelihood, it e., in the work which he does to earn his living. Wholly dependent people have no means of livelihood and so obviously do not employ anybody in pursuit of it. Domestic servants, whether they are' paid servants or unpaid members of the family, are usually concerned only with a person's mode of life and not with his method of earning his living and so should not be included, unless, in addition to their domestic work, they also definitely assist the person in his means of livelihood.

(2) Regularity of employment is also important. A person who is employed only for a few days in the, year should not be included. But if the means of livelihood is itself only pursued at certain seasons of the year, e. g., agriculture, then a person who is regularly employed during those seasons will be included. ..

(3) As regards elI\ployment of members of the household it must be noted that this includes all members of the household who regularly assist the head of the household in his work although he does not pay them anything for their assistance. This is in contrast to Question 9 above where a person is only CODsi .. dered partially dependent if he or she makes a contribution in cash or kind.

If a person has more than one mesns of Ii velihood in the pursuit of which he employs assistants, the question should be asked only in regard to the means of livelihood in pursuit of which he employs most assistants.

In the case of a person who hlS partners or co·sharers in -a small business or industrial enterprise, it is only the principal who should be shown as employing the employees of the enterprise. rrhe partners or co-sharers should not also be shown as employing the same employees.

Question 12. Are you in employment now g

Bein~ in employment is here to be understood in a very broad Bense. The question re8011y means "Have you got a'means of livelihood of your own and, if 80, are you exercising it?' I The means of livelihood need not neces~arily be some kind of work, but will include any means by which the person usually maintains himself, such as by drawing a pension or even profe~aiona.l begging.

The word "now" means "Are you in possession of this means of livelihood now during the period of enumeration?" But it does not mean thai the person must be actually exercising his means of livelihood a.t the time of enumeraiion1

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for there are serveral kinds of means of livelihood which are nQt exercised continuously throughout the year, for instance agriculture: if a person regularly maintains himself by agricultural work at the proper seasons of the year, he should be treated as being in employment now even if he has no agricultural work to do at the season in which the enum'eration is taking place. Similarly with people who regularly maintain themselves by picking up casual work every now and then j if they are regularly maintaining themselves by this work, they should be treated as being in employment, even if they have not got any work on hand at the time when they are being enumerated. So also with people who have got a job but who are on leave or holiday at the time when they are enume~ rated : they should not be shown as unemployed.

Question 13. in search of employment. What the question seeks to ascertain is whether a person who is un

employed is actively in search of employment or at least actively desires to get employment. It applies only to unemployed people, so does not apply to persons who are already in employment but who would like to get a better or a different kind of job. It will be understood that there are many people who are not in employment but who are not in search of it either. for instance old people who are dependent on their families, students at school, married women who keep house for their familes, etc. People who regularly maintain themselves by getting casual labour every now and then should not be' regarded as being in search of employment simply because they have no casual work on hand at the time of enumeration, for their regular means of livelihood, casual labour, nu'turally includes intervals when they have no work on hand_.

Question 14. Means oj livelihood. The question seeks to ascertain what is a person's principal means of

livelihood, that which he normally and regularly follows and which produces most 'of the income,by' which he maintains himself, and what are any subsidiary means of livelihood that he may have which also contribute to his maintenance but to a lesser extent. It obviously does not apply to people who are wholly dependent and have no means of livelihood at all, but it does apply to people who are partially dependent within the meaning of Question 9,

Means of livelihood includes anything that brings irt an income in cash or in kind, not necessarily actual work but also such sourceS of income as a pension or private in vestments.

It is very important indeed that yon should take great pains to find out and record the exact nature of any means of livelihood given. In no case is precision more necessary than here. Occupations are apt to be loosely described and the information which has been gathered at previous censuses has never been anything like as accurate as it should have been. At this census we want to make a real effort to record means of livelihood so exactly that we shall have no difficulty in fixing each person's exact position in the list of occupations._ For example :--

If a p~rson says he livea by cultivation, 'you must ascertain and enter whether (a) he <)ultivates his own land, or (b) l'ents land from another person and cultivates it, or (c) receives rent for land of his own which another person cultivates or (d) rents land from another and sublets it in his tUl'n j and in the case of_ persons coming under (b) you must distinguish between those who culti~ vate on valam and those who pay a fixed rent. It a person q.oes cultivation work for hire on land belonging to others, he should be ,distinguished as either a farm servant hired for a long period or a mere day~labourel·.

When a person cultivates part of his land and sublets part, he should be shown on the top line as a cultivating landowner, and on the next line as a non-cultivating landowner, if he gets the gr.eater part of hi!;! income from the land which he cultivates himself, and vice versa. Persons whoile

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income is derived from the rent of houses or land in towns should be distinguished from those who derive it from agricultural land.

Growers of special products, snch as coffee, cardamoms, cocoanuts, betel, areca, tobacco, flowers, fruit and vegetables, should be shown as such and not merely as cultivating landowner or tenant as the case may be.

Whatever kind of work a person does, the exact nature of that work must be recorded. Wherever large gangs of coolies are employed on earthwork of any kind, enter not only the word 'C Earthwork H but also the nature of the under~ taking in connection with which it is being done, e.g., railway, road, canal. tank, etc. A smith must be asked if he works in gold, silver, brass. tin, aluminium, or bell metal; and a bangle-maker whether he makes his bangles of glass, clay or lac j a carpenter must be asked if he makes ploughs or carts or furniture; and a worker in leather whether he makea boots or saddles or bags. A man who also sells the articles which he make5 should be entered as· "maker, and seller" of those articles. In the case of boatmen, distinguish between those who ply their boats on the sea and those who sail upon canals or river~. Where an occupation is given aS'spinning or weaving, you m nst also set down the textile spun or woven, e.g., cotton, wool, silk etc. If the spinning or weaving is by hand. this should be stated, and the number of handlooIDs should be asked and recorded. Thus a typical en~ry would be uCotton handloom weaver .••... 6Iooms" ; or "Silk handloom weaver , ..... 4 looms". '

In the case of persons engaged in Banking or Money-lending precise information is required to show whether the person is (1) an officer, employe.e etc. of a joint·stock bank or co-operative bank, or (2) a munim, agent or employee of an indigenous banking firm or (3) an individual money-lender.

In the case of shopkeepers and traders state clearly and precisely the articles in which they do business. .

A person who says that he lives by "service" should be asked whether the service Which supports him is private, local board, municipal, railway or Government service, etc .• and you must record not only the department but the person's rank in it. You must note in the case of a clerk the profession of his employer; you must say whether a pensioner is a military or a civil pensioner; and in the case of domestic servants whether a man is a butler, cook, gardener, dogboy or driver.

Again, a person who says that he lives by '" .cooly " must be questioned further until you have ascertained the kind of labour upon which he is most frequently employed, e.g., agriculture, mica mining, gold mining, work in a cotton mill or an iron foundry or a tannery etc. Having ascertained this you must further find out whether the labour which the man does is, skilled or unskilled and, "if it is skilled labour, you must record the exact nature ·of it.

In no ,ea.se should va,gue expressions such as cultlvat'ion, trade, oooly or servioe, a.ppear on the slip. It is far better to reoord t09 much detail ra.ther than too little.

Question 15. Does this means of livelihood exist throughout the year? llnot, jor what part of the year? .

The majority of means of livelihood are undoubtedly exercised throughout the year and we are assuming that in the case of a person who is not dependent on anyone else at all his prinCipal means ,.of li-relihood is one which, he does exercise throughout the year. But we want further information in regard to subsidiary means of livelihood (other than agricultural) that are only exercised for part of the year or from time to time.

So, in the case of a person who is. not dependent on anyone else at all. see whether h,e has returned any subsidiary means of livelihood in answer to QuestioD 14 as well as. his principal means of livelihood and ask him this question

13

with reference to that subsidiary means of livelihood only, provided it is not an agricultural one. If he has returned more than one subsidiary means of liveli~ hood, ask this question only with reference to the first of such subsidiary me~ns of livelihood and not the remaining ones. Remember that a person may have more than one means of livelihood which is exercised throughout the year, e.g., land-owning and money-lending. ,

In the case of a partially dependent person ask this question only with reference to the principal means of livelihood which he has retul'ned in answer to Question 14.

If the means of livelihood is exercised for part of the year only, the number of months during which it is eXE:'rcised iu each year should be roughly calculated and entered. When the proportion of the year in which it is exercised varies from year to year, the answer should be given with respect to the 12 months preceding the time of the en umeration.

Question 18. 1/ you are employed by someone else, what is his business ~ What this question seeks to ascertain is whether the person is working on

his own account and for himself, or whether he is working for someone else who pays him cash wages for his work. Note pat·ticularly that this question ouly refers to people who are paid wages in cash, not in kind. Nate also that it refers only to people who are paid wages or salary: a person may by his work produce articles which he sells for cash, but this is not the same thing as being paid cash wages.

A person may both work for himself for part of his time and also work for an employer for part of his time, e.g., a doctor who has private practice but who is also employed as medical officer on a tea estate. In such a case his means of livelihood will be shown as U Doctor" against Question 14 and the correct entry against this question will be ,. Tea planting". Note that this question should be put to persons ~ngaged in specialised branches of agriculture such as tea-planting, dairy-farming etc., but not to persons 'engaged in ordinary a.griculture.

N ate particularly that it is the employer's business that is to be enter_ed here, not the work which the person enulnerated himself does. though of course these may sometimes be one and the same. And be careful to enter the exact nature of the ~mployer'B business and not to use vague, general terms. If the person enumerated is employed by a big Company having several branches of activity, we want to know what is the particular branch of activity in which the person is employed. Question 1". Were you born in this District? 1/ not in what District?

Ninety per cent of the inhahitants of mostilistricts are sure to have been born in the district in which they are being enumerated. If they were born outside that district but within the Madras Presidency, all that need be put is the district in which they were born; it is not necessary to add the words "Madras Presidency." But if they were born in any Province or'State outside the Madras Presidency, then we want to record the names of both the district and the State or Province in which they were born. It is not possible to include in this book a list of all the districts in all the Provinces and States in India, so particular care must be taken in such cases to ascertain and enter the district and State or Province of birth as exactly as possible. In the caee of people born outside India altogether, enter only the name of the country of birth as that country was before the present War began. •

Special care is required in the case of persons born in a locality commonly described by a name other than that of the district, e.g., Malayalis often describe their birth place as Malayalam, a term which includes the States of Travancore and Cochin, as well as the district of Malabar. 'And Cochin again itself comprises both British Oochin ati well as Coeb.in State.· Similarly Rajaputana,

14

Central India, etc., are general terms which include many separate States and estates. In all such cases the exact district and State m nst be ascertained. Persons born at sea should be shown as such.

Question 18. Mother-tongue. , Note that this column is to be filled up even in the case of infants and

dumb persons who cannot speak at all. In addition to the main languages -Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kanarese, Oriya and Hindustani-there are many languages and dialects of. lesser importance, such as Konkani, Tulu, Sourashtra, Badaga, Khond, Sa vara, Gadaba etc. If anyone of these lesser languages is the langnage spoken in the household of the person enumerated, it is this language which should be entered in answer to this question, even if the person enumerated also knows one of the main languages mentioned above.

Question 19. Other Indian languages in common use. Note that the question only relates to Indian languages. The important

point is that it must be a language which is- in common use by the' person enumerated in addition to his mother-tongue. It is not enough that he should merely know the language or even speak it occasionally. He must use it habitually if it is to be entered here. '

Question 20. Oan you both read and write ~ If so, what script do you write 1 Oan you only read?

If a person is literate, it is the script in which he is literate that we want to know. Only one such script should be entered and this will usually be the script of the language given in answer to Question 18 or Question 19.

A person should not be entered as literate unless he can both write a letter to a friend and read the answer to it. Young children should not be entered as literate if they can only read and write a few words of a language with difficulty. If a person can only read, do not enter the script which he can read, but simply put a P.

It is particularly important in the case of Hindustani to ascertain the character in which the person writes it, whether English characters or otherwise. Similarly in any area where English characters are used for writing a vernacular langnage, e.g., Khond, you must find out \yhat characters the person uses. If Englili'h characters are used, enter this fact in brackets after the name of the script.

Question 21. How far have you read? Give any examination pass~d. 'fhe usual reply to the que~tion "How far have you read ?" is "Up to

such-and~such a form or standard." But what we want to know is the highest examination which the person has actually passed t so do not be content with recording merely the standard "up to" which he has studied.

Question 22. Literacy in English. Here again literacy in English means ability. both to read and to write a

letter in English. Young children and others who can only read and write a few words of English with difficulty, or who can only sign their names in English characters, should not be treated as literate in English.

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APPENDIX II. "

List of backward classes other than Scheduled castes.

1. Agasa. 2. Ambalakaran. 3. Annadan. 4. Are Mahrati. 5. Atagara.. . 6. Atchukatlavandu. ? Badaga. 8. Bagata. 9. Balolika.

10. Bestha. 11. Bhandari. 12. Bilb-va. 13. Bondili. 14. Boya. 15. Chaptegara. 16. Chattadi (including Satani

and Chattada Vaishnava). 17. Chenchu, 18. Dasari. 19. Devadiga. 20. Devalkar. 21. Devanga. 22. Dommara. 23. Dudekula. 24. Enadi. 25. Galada Konkani. 26. Gowda. 27. Gandla. 28. Ganika. 29. Gatti. 30. Gavara. 31. Godaba. 32. Gondo. 33. Gudiga"ra. 34. ,Hegde. 35. Idiga (including SetH· Bali

ga, Bevaras and Sri Sayana).

36. Illuvan (Ezhuvan). 37. Irula. 38. J andara. 39. Jangam. 40. J atapu. 4-1. Jhetty. 42. Jogi. 43. Kabbera. 44. Kadaiyan. 45. Kaduppattan (Malabar). 46. Kalava:n.thula. 47. KaHan. 48. Kalingi. "'9. Kani or Kaniyan and

Kanisa or Kaniyar.Panikkar.

50. Kannadiyan. 51. Kapu. 62. Kavutbiyan. 53. Kelasi

54. Kbarvi. 55. Khatri. 56. Khodala. 57. Kolaries or Muniyanies. 58. Konda Dora (Criminal

tribe). 59. Konda Dora (Aboriginal

tribe). 60. Kondh. 61. Koracha. 62. Kota. 63. Koteyar (Sheragara, Ksha-

triya of South Kanara). 64. Kottiya. 65. Koya. 66. Kumbara.

, 67. Kuruba. 68. Kurumba. 69. Kusavan. ?O. Labbai. 71. Lambadi. 72. Madi vala. 73. Madugar or Medavar. 74. Malayali. 75. Male. 76. Mangala. 77. Ma ppiUa. 78. Mahratta (Non-Brahman). 79. Marati of South Kanara

district (hill tribe). 80. Maravan. 81. Maruthuvar. 82. Melakudi or Kudiyan. 83. MoiIi. 84. Modi Banda. 85. Muduva. 86. Mukkuvan. 87. Mutracha. 88. Muttiriyan. 89. Nagaram. 90. N akkale. 91. Nalkedaya. 92. Namdev Mahratta. 93. Odda.n (Donga). 94. Odde. 95. Odiya. 96. Oriya. 97. Padayachi (V;illayan Kup·

lla.m). 9S. Pamula. 99 •. Panan (Malabar~.

100. Pangadikara. 101. Panisivan. 102. Panniar or Pannayar. 103. Parkavakulam (Surithiman,

Malayaman. Natbaman, Moopanar and Nainar).

104. Pattanavan.

105. Patnulkaran. 106. Pedke. 107. Peruvannan. lOS. Picchigunta. 109. Poraya. 110. Pulluvan. 111. Pusala (Pusalavadu). 112. Rajapuri. 113. Reddi (Ganjam). 114. Saliyan. 115. Savara. 116. Sedan. 117. Sembadavan. 118. Senaithalaivar (Senaikuda-

yan.) 119. Sholagar (including Pani). 120. Sourashtra. 121. Sugali (Sukali). 122. Tsakala. ' 123. Tatapu. 124. Telikula. 125. Tholuva N a i eke rand

Vettalakara N aicker. 126. Thoriyan. 127. Tigala (Tigla). 128. Toda. 129. Togata. 130. Tondaman. 131. Uppara. 132. UraH Goundan. 133. Vada Balija. 134. Vaduvan (Vadugan). 135. VakkaUga. 136. V alai ya.n. 137. Van nan. 138. Vanniyakula Kshatriya (in

Tamil districts), Agnikula Kshatriya (in Telugu districts),

139. Velakatalavan. 140. Yadava. 141. Yerukula. 142. Adi-Dravida., Adi-Andhra,

Adi-Karnataka or AdiKerala Christians, that is to say, Christians who were themselves or whose parents on both the paternal and maternal sides were members of any of the scheduled classes and who belong to families that continue to live under conditions similar to those of the scheduled class concerned.

16

APPEl(DIX lIt". Oircle Issue Statement.

Series of Code numbers of Cbarge -N ( 0" T 1 k Town ......... •••.•• arne 0 lstrlct .. , ....................... a u ............ , ................ ( :J D I . or ~ura area.

Series of Code numbers of Circle - - ~ ............................. .

Name and designation ' , of C• cIa S p '. r ............................. . _ 1f U erV1SO . '. .. .

" .... it." "' .......... " ...... " ..... II • . ~

Number of pads intended for each block in the circle according to sizes :-

Block No. Enumerator's Date on (Here enter all Pads of -Pads of signature in which handed

REMARKS. blocks in 100 smaller token of back by serial order). slips. size. receipt. enumerator.

I I I - I

I

I ..

. . \ -

-

-Here enter number of such pads and in brackets the number of slips they contain, whether

25, 50 or 75.

. Supervisor's Receipt form :-

I'

.-

". .r

Total number of pads received according to sizes

Date oj receipt ............................... ..

Date on which finally returned to} (to be filled'up after finaJ recefpt.l .

Pads or Pads of Pads of j;adiJ 'of 100 slips. 75 slips. 50 slips. 25 slips.

, r .'. J~,d. . .

Signature of Supervistlr.

Taluildar ~-':"""":'-:;--;:;,-----:~;--- ............... ···.t·" ... · ....... , •. , .. ,., .. , .•. ".,t. Municipal Commi:sitlner

17 APPENDIX IV.

Supervisor' 8 Progress Report. (To be submitted to the Oharge Superintendent in rural areas on the 16th

and 23rd Febl.'uary, and in town areas on the 23rd february only). Number and ~description of Circle and name and designation of Cirole

Supervisor .. _._ ..... -._ .. _ ................... , ....... ' ... , ..... ,-_ .... , ............ -_ ..... ,

Block No. Date of Super- No. completed No. of slips visor', ini tial Total No. by enumerator (Here enter inspection at of pads and handed personally

all blocks in~ beginning of issued to back to checked by Remarks. the circle in enumeration enumerator. Supervisor Supervisor serial order) period~ up-to-date. up-to-date. _.

1

L=-= ~

l I ~

-

l APPENDIX V.

F,orm 01 Enumerator's Abst1-act. Series of Code Numbers for Block

Name of District." .................... III .... Taluk .......................... Town Village' .......... , •. , .. ,. .......... ~ ..................... .

Dat. on which enumeratiOJil of Household Population began ........................................... ~ ••••.

do. do. do. ended .......... , ...... , ...................... "" •• "'" ••• ~--~--~----------

100s·1 75r. I 505·1 255. NUDlber of slip-pads used

I I - I If any extra slips were issued in the course or enumeration, note the number of such

slips here ....................................................... .

Ab8traot 0/ Population Of Block.

Total numlJer of Males I Females

Total Jlumber of Lit.ratel (Question 20)

\ Males I -.. I

Tt'>tal number of Occupied Houses (Private dwellings + Residential Institutions)

Total

Females.

Teta) number oC Children of School-going age (5 years of age aad above but under 10)

sirnat'QI' of Enumerator.

Total

Boys I Girls Total

'--I~

Checked and found corred.

I

1 • ~

I -Q

f • 1 (1) ....

I> ~ -0 ~ ....

H -.. 0 ~ ~ ..... ""

0 ~ ~

....

= m

0 ~ ~

Pol \.. .0 ~ S p., .._ = ell q) Z ..... . ~ <I)

"C 0 0

0 ~ 0

~ .... IIo! <I)

r;{).

• • • • · · · · : · · · · ci ~ 0

I,-I

ci 4) ... as ';i ... a ~

't:' S • • ·

· • • · · · · • • • · · · • • · · · ·

• · .w = 'i ~ · • •

• • • .. " ·

· • · " · · • ·

18

"'" .' 0&>,0 1II. III 4)bI)

~d _-_0

~r -~,g O..d ~'ii

�---- - --- ---~I---- ---- ----

-1------"----1- - ----.-- ---'I--~-I-----J

'sasnoH paldnooo

pq0.L

-------1- - _1'-___ 1

.; .... 0

E-t () .. --- -as d

iii t 0 ........ II) ........ ';! ~.!! a '38- II)

o 0 t::I:t

f-I~ --- ---

- ---1--- 1----1----1

..,; G) -cC )1

I----"'""'ii-----I---- --- --- ----1- ---

------ ----------- ----

~ ---- ---- ------ ------"'4) , ...... ~..c:I-; ._ .

0Q .... ... tI .t:, • "4)11\4). ......

..c:::! • ... IIl- C1! 9"'(1) ... -·a .. ·e~ ~ .

.d ,8 11)'" . -"a 0' 11)' 4),,~ --. -go ... () . 0-· ... ... u-it° ....

J:Q U

. .-t 'ootI c:n 1"""1 .. i ~ ~ ~ 0-~

~

~

:S @ · · · · '"

· • · • • • · · · .. • · · · ... · • "

· ~ o

: § .. ..... · -~ : .~ : ! ;6, · ~'. · . · .. · · · ·0

-+=>

~ c .~ ~ .. " t co • ,.....,

"C ~

~ -... U1 ~

19

APPENDIX VII. Table of Oomparative Ohronology.

Note I-If a person gives his or her birth as a Tamil, etc., year it can easily be turned into the corresponding English year and the age ascertained.

English. --year.

(1) 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910

Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam ~an.arese yea:s be- year begingmmng at vanable ning August. dates about April.

(2) (3)

14. Vikrama 1055 15. Vishu 1056 16. Chitrabanu 1057 17. Svabhanu 1058 18. Tarana 1059 19. Parthiva 1060 20. Vyaya 1061 21. Sarvajit 1062 22. Sarvadhari, 1063 23. Virodhi 1064 24. Vilrriti 1065 2a Khua 1066 26. Nandana 1067 27. Vijaya 1068 28. Jaya 1069 -29. Manmatha 1070 30. Durmukhi 1071 31. Hevilambi 1072 32. Vilambi 1013 33. Vikari 1074 34. Sarvari 1075 35. Plava 1076 36. Subhakrit 1077 37. Sobhakrit 1078 38. Krodhi 1079 39. Visvavasu 1080 40. Parabhava, 1081 41. Plavanga 1082 , 42. Kilaka 1083 43. Saumya 1084 44. Sadharana 1085

English year.

(1)

1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 lQ21 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 lQ38 1939 1940 1941

APPENDIX VIII.

Tamil! Telugu and Malayalam Kanarese years ba- year begin

_ ginning at varia~le ning August dates a bout Apnl.

(2) (3)

45. Virodhikrit 1086 46.' Paridhavi - 1087 47. Pramadicha 1088 .48. Ananda 1089 49. Bakshasa 1090 50. Nala 1091 51. Pinga1a 1092 52. Kalayukti 1093 53. Siddharthi 1094-54. Raudri 1095 55. Durmati 1096 56. Dundhubi 1097 57. Rudirodkari 1098 58. RaktRkshi 1099 59. Krodhana 1100 60. KshRya 1101

1. Prabhava. 1102 2. Vibhava 1108 -g. Sukla. 1104 4. Pramoduta 1105 5. Prajotpatti 1106 6. Angirasa 1107 7. Srimukha 1108 8. Bha va 1109 9. Vuva 1110

10. Dhatu 1111 11. Is'W'ara 1112 12. Bahudha-nya 1113 13. Pramadi 1114 14. Vikrama 1115 15. Vishu 1116

Extract from G. O. No. 2247 Development Department, dated the 20th September 1940.

Trav()lling allowance of census officers. (i) Travelling allowance of Government officials for journeys undertaken solely and

exclusively for census work will be treated as census expenditute under rule 4 of the AuditorGeneral's rules. No allowance of any kind will be granted for journeys within a radius of five miles from headquarters. In pursuance of the well-known principle that th, census is a piece of public service undertaken in the interests of all communities and that both officials and non-officials alike should give theit help free wherever possible, travelling allowance will not be paid according to the full rates of the Travelling Al1ow~nce Rules but will be limited to' what will be considered as reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. 'in the ~ase of touring officials in receipt of fixed monthly travelling allowance census travelling allo;wance will be paid only for those porti~ns o~ their journeys OR census duty that lie outside their- sphere of ordinary work.

(ii) Travelling allowance of local board and municipal servants deputed to census duty will, as usual, be debited to local and munioipal funds respectively.

(iii) In t\te case of others the amount actually expended will be paid. from census funds up to a maximum of 14 ann as a day for SuperTisors who are of the grade of revenue inspectors (Rs. 55-70) and Re. 1-10-0 a day for Charge Superintendents whQ are of the grade of Deputy Tahsildars (Rs. 120-165) agreeably to the rates of daily allowance prescribe,d iIi Annexure I to the Madras Travelling Allowance Rules for such officers draWing the average pay of their respective scales. ' ~ . :.. ' . : , ..

Note :-As laid down in rule 4 of the Auditor-General's :-rules- _all. claims for tral'elling allowance on Ce-RSUS duty will be -preferred on separate bills. The billa of Government servants and non· officials will be scrutinised and countersigned by me (Sup-erintendent of Centua: Operations, Madras) ~e{ore pr.esentation at the treasury, while thOle of loci} board and municipal servanti·will be dealt with by~the Revenue Divisional Officers ~llc~rna4 u ill 1931.

Ananda Press, Madras.

2\rt,,,~~sb- ~ ~w-oes ~o~e.:>(:)~~ ,~ I..-.-J

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I ........•.••...•..• , ... -., ........ ~ .. ~ ....... ~

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ANANDA PRESS, MADRAS-

Circular Letter No. 230 Census/40-1. OFFIC'.:_~ OF TH:!: SUPEHINT::::IIDSNT OF C =~~;SU8 OP::l:BATIOIrS ~ T.~ADRAS 1

Fort St. George,

Dated? the April lS40.

From

D. H. ELWIN, Esq., e.n.E., I.C.S.,

Superintendent of Census Operations~

]'.: A D R A So -----... _-----

To

Sir~

As ~art of, or as an accompaniment to, the Heport on the

forthcoming Census, I have been instructed to prepare a synoptic

essay which will be a brief, but so far as possible, comprehensive

description of life and conditions in ttds Presi(:.ency during the

ten years that have elapsed since the last Census, together with

an indication of those tendencies and trends 'iv-hich may throw

light on future probabilities of development. The eSSaY will not

touch on politics, but practically every other aspect will have

its place.

2. The essay will not take the form of an Administration

Report and the material for it iNill largely have to be gathered

during the course of my tours during the current year~ but as a

basis for it I am anxious to have any information that your

Department will be good enough to give me in regard to the life,

conditions and tendencies of the Presidency in so far as concerns

the activities of the Department. The information that I vmnt,

however, is not from the point of view of the progress of these

Departmental activities in themselves - that information I can

gather from the Administration Reports of the Department -; it is

rather from the point of view of the reactions of the public to

- 2 -

those activities, the extent to which the public is disposed to

.take advantage of those acti vi ties, and the light VJhich tho~

reactions throw on the state and development of the public

mentality. To t~k~ a simple. instance, the amount of crime'

~~cvrring in a ye~r may be ~pgardeo as a ~aasure of the

preventive and detective ability of the Police Force; but it may

also be regarded as a measure of tho criminality, or willingness

to abide by the law, of the public - and it is this latter point

of view that I now ask you to adopt.

3. Information of this kind is only to be gleaned from

personal observation and reflection, but, as a foundation on

which to bUild, I have extra.cted and enclose certain statistics

(together wi th some notes) rs1atil1g to your Department 'i.Rrhich,

I thinl-{, ,nay possi~JlJr be in themse:'!8S sugg3stive or ma;)T provoke

further I'eflection 011 simil.ar lj nl'jS.. The~' (~O nut pY.'et8nd to cover

-the whoJ.c:: r::;_,-",ld ~nci_ I &m qui to I'Gcidy to ~}s i',old t::1al; some of them

.." .,_ Q l' lea~;t d.(; noJ~

g!'oups of stE:.tlsU.cs w'hicb aT (3 signj_fic::ir:..t :<:rcll:;' 0 ther aspects.

letter and its enclosure be cir~ulated to seiect and cxperienco~

offic2x's of your De'partment ~ and their' r8])110s "00 forwarded to

mE. wi tl;_ your com:r;lcmts, i: you 1.'11.11 he so kind? If you vITi11 let

me know now many copies you require for circulation, I wi~l

supply them.

4. It may seem very oarly in the day for me to be making

these enquiries? 'IJL~t I do se now for tno J.'eaf)ons~ the first, t.o.at

tho information ~ill be of tho greatest value to ms in prosecuting

further enquir:'os in thf~ course of :my tours l.ater in the year; the

second, that. ovving to the W2.r the 1 ii'e ai.ld condi tions of the

Presidency may only too r8adily_to'l1.d to become at least

temporarily abnormal, whoreas it is to the normal tendencies

- 3 -

that I wish to look~ iE the e:;:pcctation that they will

shortly be restored.

I havo t~e honour to be,

THE ,CENSUS I'N 194'1

"-

'; ,There will' be, a census of the population all over India in

February next. This is not a new thing and it is .not a IQ.ea.sure

that is being undertaken specially for the 'Sake of the war, for a.

. census has,' beim taken regularly every tell-- years for the last 70

years.

At the cs_usus we do not merely count the number of.the people

but 'ev~i:y ~8iug_1~ persol~ is abked a 'Series' of qu~tions 'r~lating ~o .sUch .IWt1;tere as their ,!lge, ,community, religion, language, occu,pa

;tiQ~::~andard of' education and other important details ~nd their ,answers ate recorded. , ~The information so obtained is totalled up

-JUl' Ma~h area in th~ _iP~~p.cy a.nd is essential to .those who, have

, to )P},,~ the ,~iJ;lis~ation {)f the country. Before Government call-

,decide_ ~b~~~ toJl~ild~:roa,d-9r ,a tank or a hospi.tal or a school; what prQ:viai(},Q. ~ ]lla-ke fOf Wa;ter .. ~tq4iJy, fall:l.ine relief, prev6J;ltioll of .. epideJIlics qwltother such Ithin,g-s; they cle~rly-hav,e to kniw MW_ ~f);n.y pe(lpl~ j®re, ~e ,~ each_ a_rea" wb~t kind _of peopl~, what

WOJ,l;k:th..ey (lo,a~d so o~. And ~the information is required nO,t:'only ,'ky GG':Vttr~~nt, but by U:niversities, scholars 'and all 'sorts of inte-re~' ~rso~~' alld~rganiza.tio~s who se?k to' follow_ th~ weltare aM, .pr~gress of the );>eople. , '. _ -

The' reQ.ordlng _ of the an~wers to the&e questioml, . ore pri~t'ed '':~~ 'fi!illS _ is .. --ealted "e!l~e~on'" and ,the officers who do it-are ca.n~. ,', enwqerators '~'. : B:ut it is no u~~ their asking these

, ,.qUestiOllf:; u.ijl~s the people ,thero~lves are' will!ug to- ,give )rue

, ;Quswers t..Q the)Il; for it IS only ~he p~ople themselves who call ,give

Uf; ~ iniormatio;tl that we 'want and it is GaviQusly no u~e c~Jlect:

,dna it.t\t ,aU·unr~s it :is true. AU ·the cens~~prQ~e¢in__gs are leg~ '·ll~ei"by ,the ~C~USUS- Act and -qnder, "that .A.c.t:-'eYtU:y ~-8(ffi'-iS"1fo~nd~ , to. answer- the CeniUS questions, truthfully, or else is li~ble to

p~n~hrneht. _B~~t we. do not ·for a moment· want to hav~lect~ ,

( I,

TELUGU.]

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~ -"'~llAS': PlUNTBP :BY 'rHBI...:SUPElUNTENI;>El;N'P, GOVERNMENT rinSS.

D.O.No. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

Fort st. George, n!:J+t:ln +hlC> "Ot-h .T!:i""'~"''' ,Q41

NOTE ON THE 1941 CENSUS

1. The work done 80 far The whole country has been divided up into census areas caned blocks, circles and

cha.rges a.nd a. staff of Enumerators, Supervisors and Charge Superintendents has been a.ppointed to the respective divisions. A House List has been drawri up for each separate diVision showing aJ.I the pla.ces in which people live and at which they will be enumerated when the time comes, in order that no place may be omitted. rrhe houses so.listed have been numbered. The entire census staff is being trained in the. manner in. which the enumera.tion is to be carried out.

2. Enumeration

By enumeration is meant the putting of a series of questions which have been a.pprov~d by the Government of India to every single man, woman and child in the country and the recording of their answers OIP printed paper slips which are being used,.' for the first time on this occasion in order to facilitate the sorting and tabulating~ of the information afterwards. To secure speed in the process of sorting the answers· will be recorded largely by meaDS of symbols and abbreviations .

. , The. Cellsus The census will take place in the month of February 1941 and will be spread over

a period of roughly three weeks in the rural areas and two weeks in towns, beginning on the 9th and 16th February respectively and closing on the 1st March. During this period people will be enumerated at the houses where they are usually residing at the time; Anyone who is temporarily absent from his usual place of. residence will be enumerated there only if he is expected to be back there by the 1st March. Similarly, a temporary visitor staying in the house will be enumerated there only if he is not expected to be back at his own usual place of residence by the 1st March. On the 1st March iiselt the record of the enmneration will be corrected in accordance with any births or deaths that have taken place during the period of enumeration, and enquiries' wilr be made to verify whether any stranger who has come to reside in the house since the enumeration period began has been already enumerated elsewhere or not.

4. The Enumerator .

The enumerator will probably be a municipal employee and will pay one visit to- th~ house during the period of enumeration when he will enumerate the people resid~.gAhere, and another visit on the 1st March when he will simply enquire- as to the occurreIlCe of any births or. deaths and the arrival of any strangers. He is an honorary worker who

2

has to carry out his census duties in· addition "to his ordinary municipal or other work.

He will usually be an Indian who may feel diffident in his approach. He will have

upwards of a thousand people to enumerate in the given period and it will not always

be easy for him to find them. A friendly reception will give him confidence and expedite his work, and it is hoped that every householder will do everything possible to assist the enumerator when he calls by sparing the time to give him the information he requires and, i'f necessary, by letting him have access to a table and writing facilities. '

5. Notes on the Questions NO'l'lIl.-The questions ha.ve to be asked and the answers recorded in respeot of every :man, wo:mah and

. child, hut it is not, of oourse, necessary that they should be put to every mdividual separately: the head of the household c~ well give the required information on behalf of all the members of the family.

QUESTION I-Name.-Names are recorded only for purposes of identification and check. Census enumeration deals with facts and not with personalities. All the' 'infor. mation obtained in answer to the questions is treated as very] strict{y -confidential.

QUESTION 3-Race or nationality.-Changes in national boundaries cOnsequent upon the present war should be ignored in stating nationality. Naturalized Briti~~ subjects will have the fact of naturalizatIon recorded after the entry of their race. '

QUESTION 4-Religion.-Sects of religion will not be recorded. For all Christians the entry of the initial letter C will be the correct answer.

QUESTION 6-Age.-Age will be entered in years and months as it will be on the 1st March 1941..

"

QUESTIONS 7 AND 8r-Number oj children born to a married woman and numbe~ sur· vivi'!lg.-Her age ~ birth of first child. (Only to be asked in regard to married' women who have had children).-These are questions that have never been asked at any previous·

census and may at first sight cause surprise. Their obje'ct is to-make it' possible to arrive' at reliable forecasts of the way in which the population is likely to increase" 'or decrease in the various areas within the next generation or twp. Such forecasts can be made with

real closeness only on an estimate of the numbers of women betweep. certain ages and

the tendencies revealed by the number of children "born to them 'and the numb~r that -- ... ..._ .

survive. The making of such forecasts is of great importance in· ,a country such as this wherein the population problem is acute, rrhis· information is not, of course, of

importance in the case of Europeans and foreigners who ,do not make their homes III

the country, but it is undesirable to make distinctions. ..

QUESTION 9-A re 'V0u wholly or partly dependent on an,yone else? -This is, an

important question on whose answer others depend. The first question' to ask yourself is II Do I earn anything in cash or in kind?" If you do not, then you must, be wholly'

D.C.No.

3.


Fort St. George, +,",0 ~Q+h Ta""Q""~r lQ4J_

/31

dependent on· somebedy else. If you do, then ·the.. next question to ask 'yourself is." ;00 I earn enough io support myself entirely ot 'not?" If you do, then you are independent. If you do not; then you must be partly dependent -on somebody else. Earnings in cash or kind need not necessarily be in the f-orm of 'wa.ges or salary: they cover income from investments or a. pension.

,QUESTION ll-Do you e~Pto1J (q) paid a8sis,tants, (b) members of your M'U8ehQld? If so, how many?-The question is-do you personally employ anybody to assist you in ear:ning your living? ,pomestic servants do not assist you in earning your living, but only in running the household, so .should not be included in the answer. The employees of Government or a. municipality or a big business 'concern l;IJ'e employed by Go~ernment or the municipality or the company concerned and are not employed personally by you, so

. .. they should not be included amongst your employees either. What the question seeks to ascertain is the extent of employment given by individuals. In the case of a small business concern in which there ar~ one or two partners, it is only the managing partner who should have himself entered as empIoying the emplpyees of the concern.

QUESTIONS 12 AND l3-Are you in errtploy,ment now? If not, arel you in. search of it? . If 80, /01' ,hoJ-V, ~0rtg have you been in search .of it,? ~Not to be. asked in respect of persons

under 16 years of age}.-The questions seek to ascertain,the extent ,of genu.ine unemploy~ IDent in India: we want to know how many people there are who are really in need f)f employment. Any attempt to state a pr~cise definition of employment inevitably results in confusion. So the question " Are you in employment now?" is to be taken in its broadest sense to mean. "Have you got an individual means ,of livelihood of your' own and are you pursuing or enjoying it now?" Means of lIvelihood again covers riot merely a job but such things as private means or a pension. . The question " Are you in search of employment?" is not. intended to cover a person who has alTeady __ got 80- job. but would like a better ~ne or a person who is already earning enough to support himself but would like to add to' his eatIiings, so it is only to be asked of people who have not already got employment.

QUESTION 14-' Means of livelihood in order of importance (i.e., in the order in which they contribute to the person's incoIDV .. -The answers should be as precise as pos~ible : the more cle&rly and unambiguously the means of livelihood is described, the bettel'. AIl independent person may frequently have more than one means of livelihood, e.g" a salaried job and an income from investments. Partly dependent persons must have some partial means of livelihood, frOID which to derive their partial contribution to their maintell;:t.D.,ce.,

A wholly dependent person has no means of livelihood.

QUESTION 15-Does this means oj livelihood exist throughout the year? If not, for what part of the year? iOn~y to be asked in,regard to the means, of livelihood of a perSoD shown as partly dependent agains~ Question 9 or in regard to the fust of any subsidiary means of livelihood returned by an independent person in answer to Question 14).-What

the question seeks :to ascertain is the extent to which part.time· occupations are pursued.

It is not asked in regard to the principal means of livelihood of an independent person &8 It is presumed that this lasts all the year round. Income from investments, though it may accrue only once a year, should be treated as " ex.isting throughout:the year."

QUESTION 16-1/ you are e1!"ployed by someone else, what is his business?" Employed " here means only II employed on cash wages or, salary. ' , Precision is wanted in this answer too: e.g., if you are employed in a particular branch of a :firm~

we want ·to know what that branch deals in.

QUESTION 17-Were you b~rn in this district? If not, in what dist;ict ?-For those born outside India only the country of birth is wanted. Town, county, etc., are not

required.

QUESTION 18-Mother tongue.-i.e., the language first spoken from infancy.

-QUESTION 19-0ther Indian languages in common use:-Note that this only refers

to Indian languages and that the language must be one which is in regular use ': m.ere knowledge of a language lef not enough.

, QVESTION 20-Can you both read and writc11 r 'so)' what script do you ~-write? dan you only read ?-~iteracy means ability' to read and write a letter from or to a friend.

In the c~se of literate people the correct answer to this question wiU normally be the ,name of their J)1oth'er tongue '(see Question 18), even though in the case of those whose

mother tongue i~ English the' fact that they are literate in English will again be .recorded in answer to Question 22-, Are you literate ill English 1 ,

-. , I, , , "

_ QUESTION 21-How far have you read? Give any examination passed.--The oorrect . - - 1

a,nswer is, the highest exam~nation which the person has actually passed. It is the' standard of general education that is primarily wanted here. ,

NO'rE.-Of the questions not mentioned above Question 2 is MX and Question 5r Oivil condition: Question 10 is If you a.re 'Wholly or partly dependent on somebody else, 'What is that person's means of livelihood! - ,,' --

Will you please read through these notes and have your answer ready belorehand, &S' this ,will greatly expedite the work of the enumerator-when he calls? _

MADRAS, - .... :6. H. ELWIN, 8rd January 19~1. -S~peril1t'end(}nt of o ensus-Operations.:

,. '-I .

D.O.No. OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, ~!ADRAS,

Fort st, George, Dated, the 29th January 1941.

CENSUS - PRESS PUBLICITY.

I enclose a copy of an English note on the Census

which I aD issuing to Madras newspapers today. I also

enclose English and vernacular copies of the propaganda

pamphlet which has already been issued to all Tahsildars

for distribution, but which might also with advantatle

receive Press publicity. Will you please distribute these

urgently to any newspapers that are published in your

district for what use they can nake of them? If any more

copies are required; please let me know.

Yours sincerely,

Collector ot

NOTE ON THE 1941 CENSUS.

1. The work done so far.

The whole country has been divided up into census areas called blocks, circles and charges and a staff of Enumerators, Supervisors and Charge Superintendents has been apPointed to the respective divisions. A House List has been drawn up for each separate division showing all the places in which people live and at which they will be enumerated when the time comes, in order that no place may be omitted. The houses so listed have been numbered. The entire census staff is being XXXiK.'" trained in the manner in which the enumeration is to be carried out.

2. Enumeration.

By enumeration is meant the putting of a series of questions which have been approved by the Government of India to every single man, woman and child in the country and the recording of their answers on printed paper slips which are being used for the first time on this occasion in order to facilitate the sorting and tabulating of the information afterwards. To secure speed in the process of sorting the answers "vill be recorded largely by means of symbols and abbreviations.

3. The Census.

The census will take place in the month of February 1941 and will be spread over a period of roughly three weeks in the rural areas and two weeks in towns, beginning on the 9th and 15th February respectively and closing on the 1st March. " During this period people will be enumerated at the houses where they are usually residing at the time. Anyone who 1s temporarily absent from his usual -place of residence will be enumerated there only if he is expected to be back there by the 1st March. Similarly, a temporary Visitor staying in the _ house will be enumerated there only if he is not expected to be back at his own usual place of residence by the 1st March. Inmates of residential institutions, such as hospitals and jail~, will be enumerated on the morning of the 28th February, and the floating popUlation (namely vagrants, beggars and travellers who have not already been enumerated at their homes) on that same evening after dark. On the 1st March itself the record of the enumeration will be corrected in accordance with any births or deaths that have taken place during the period of enumeration, and enquiries will be made to verify whether any stranger who has come to resiDe in the house since the enumeration period began has been already enumerated elsewhere or not. But there will nbt on this occasion be any simultaneous enumeration of the entire population on any single day or night. The passengers and crews of oeeaR-going vessels will be enumerated in harbour on the 1st :March, and those of coasting vessels at the ports at which they touch from then onwards.

4. The Enumerator.

The enumerator will probably be a Government or municipal employee and will pay one visit to each house during the period of enumeration when he will enumerate the people residing there, and another visit on the 1st March when ne will simply enquire as to th~ occurrence of any births or deaths "and the arrival of any strangers. He is an honorary worker who has to carry out his census duties in addition to his ordinary municipal or other work. He will have upwards of a thousand people to enumerate in the given period and it

will not always be 0asy for him to find them. A friendly reception will expect! te his l'vork, and it is hoped that every householder \7ill do e\Terything possible to assist the enume when he calls by sparing the time to give him the information he requires and, if necessary, by letting him have access to a table and writing facilities.

5. Notes on the Questions.

NOTE.- The questions have to be asked and the answers recorded in respect of every man, woman and child, but it is not, of course, necessary that they should be put to every individual separately: the head of the household can well give the required information on behalf of all the members of the family.

QUESTION 1 - Name o - NamGs are recorded only for purposes of identification and check o Census enumeration deals with facts and not with personalities. All the information obtained in answer to the questions is treated as very strictly confidential.

QUESTION 2 - Sex.

QUESTION 3 .. l~:ace , tribe or caste. - It is only necessary to record one of these.. In the case of Hindus the correct entry is caste, or, if the individual docs not observe caste, the words "No caste". (For Distril...!t of birth and Mother tongue entries see Questions 17 and 18). 11uslims and Indian Christians will be entered as such, unless they belong or belonged to any or the Backward or Scheduled Classes in which case- inforQation as to their class is required for administrative purposes. In other -cases the nationality, community, race or tribe will be entered. In the case of Europeans changes in national boundaries consequent upon the present war should be ignored mn stating nationality. Naturalise& British subjects will have the fact of naturalization recorded after the entry of their race_

QUESTION'4 - Religi.on.- The re1igion to be entered is that in which the individual personally belipes. It is not intended to record sects of religion. If a Christian desires his particular denomination to be entered, this will be done after the entry of the letter C standing for Christianity.

QUESTION 5 '.~ Civil condi tion.

QUESTION 6 - Age.- Age will be entered in years and months as it will be on the 1st March 1941.

QUESTIONS 7 AND 8 -·Number of children born to a married woman and number surviving.- Her age at birth or first child. (Only to be asked in regard to married women who have had children).- These are questions that have never been asked at any previous census and may at first sight cause surprise. Their object is to make it possible to arrive at reliable forecasts or the way in which the population is likely to increase or decrease in the various areas within the next generation or two. Sv.ch forecasts can b~;' made with real closeness only on an esti~ate of the numbers of women between certain ages and the tendencies revealed by the number of children born to them and the nunwer that turvive. The making of such fore~asts is of great iraportance in a country such as this wherein the popUlation problem is acute.

QUESTION 9 - Are you whoilily or partly dependent on anyone else?- This 1s an important question on whose answer others depend. The .first question to ask yoursel:f is "Do I"earn anything in cash or in kind?" If you do not, then you must be

- 4 .-

QUESTION 15 _. l)oes this "_~E:;2J-LS of li"v(;~_j_hGod ox.ist throughout the year? !f not 7 for w'hqt purt of tho year? (Only to bo asked in reg~rd to the ue~ns of livolihood of a porson shovm as partly dependent against Question 9 or in rogard to the first of any subsidiary moans of livelihood . returned by an indopendent person in anSv'lcr to Question 14).-What tho question seeks to ascertain is tho extent to which part-time occupations are pursued. It is not asked in regard to the principal neans of livelihoou of an independent person as it is presumed that this lasts all the year round. Income from investments, though it may accrue only once a year, should be treated as "existing throughout the yoar,li as also agricultural occupations o

QUESTION 16 - If you are grnployed m:X.1rn:Dl'1.:':jJ~ by someone else, what is his business? - IIEmpili.oyedll here means only "employed on cash wages or salary." Precision is wanted in this ans~er too: e.g., if you are employed in a particular branch of a firt1~ VIC vmnt to knovl what that branch deals in.

QUESTION 17 ... Y/ere you bOl'n in this district? If 'not, in what district?- If born outside the Madras Presidency but in Indi"tt, both the namE) of the Province or StatE: a':::ld the district of that Province or State should be entered. For those born outside India only th,:; country of birth is vranted. Toym, county, ctc~,. are not required.

QUEST.ION 18 .;. Mother tonguG •. in e _, the lu:nguage fir st spoken fram infancy. In the case of Muslims the language \vill be entered as Urdu or Hindi or Hindustani (abbreviated to H) according to tbo indlvidual?s desiro.

QUESTION 19 - Other Indian langl.l~ges inr com.rnon use .. - Note that this only refers to _I_:"l9-_:h@_languages and that the language must be one which is in regular usC'!: mGro knowlodge of a language is not enough.

QUESTION 20 .• Can you both rc, ..... d and vvrite? If so, what script do you wi'i te? Can you only read?- L:l_ teracy m8ans abili ty to read and write a letter from or to a friend. In the case of li terate poople the correct answer to this questIon VJill normally be the name of their mother tongue, or rbther Indian language in common use. Only one language need be entered. A person who can only read (whether hand-vvriting or printed ma-i.;ter) but cannot vITite will be entered as Partly literate.

QUESTION 21-- How far have you read? Give any examination passed.- The correct answer is the hj.ghest examination which the person has actually passed. Technical qualifications should be recorded.

QUESTION 22 - Aro you Ii terate in Engl:i.sh?

-Will you please read through those notes and have your answeri ready beforehand, as this will greatly expedite the ii~ork of the enumerator when he calls,?

~~DRAS, ~ 29th January 1941, ~

D. H. ELWIN,

Superintendent of Census -- .-~+." . v 1-1::;;.1. ••.. " ..... ~.vJ.J.;:, ,

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II.

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Circular Letter No.947 Census/41-1" OFFICE OF THE SUPERINl'.ENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS,

From

To

Sir,

Fort St. George, Dated, the 19th March 1941.

D.H. ELWIN, Esq~, O~B.E.9 I~CoSo, Superintendent of Census Operatio~s,

:MADRAS.

ALL COLLECTORS.

Census of 1941 - Tabulation of results.

I am very much indebted, ani would like to express my thanks,

to District Officers for their co-operation which has alone made

possible the successful completioa of the enumeration stage in the

census at a time of pecmliar difficulty.

The next stage in the census is the detailed sorting and

compilation of all the information collected, and this has hitherto

been done in a few b~g specially organised offices both in Madras City

and in other centres of the Presidency. This year, howeve:;-, tne

Government of India have reluctantly decided that finances will riot

at present permit of carrying out the usual full and detailed process

of sorting and compilation, that they must postpone i·t until a future

date, iand that for the time being they must limit the proceedings to

a single, simplified sorting of the enumeration slips designed to

afford only such information as to the composition of the population

by sex and community as will make it possible to compile the

Village Statistics and a few of the most important statistical tables.

The sorting pr~cess involved is a simple one which can be carried out

in a short space of time, although absolute accuracy and careful

supervision are essential~ For the conduct of this sorting the

organisation of big, speCial offices would be a wholly unnecessary

extravagance, and the places in which it can best be done are clearly

the Ta1uk and Municipal Offices in which, under the instructions in

paragraph C of my Circular No. 13 of the 6th January 1941, the

enumeration slip'-pads are now being collected and arranged. At the

same time it would be a wholly unjustifiable imposition to ask

Taluk and MuniCipal Office establishments as a whole to carry out the

sorting as a further voluntary duty in addition to their ordinary work

~. 2 -

particularly at a time when the jamabandi season is begi~~ing. I have,

therefore, submitted to Government the following scheme: ...

(1) That sor~ing should be done in Taluk and Murlicipal

Offices during the six days of the Easter holidays from the 10th

to the 15th April when at least some office space and furniture can

be made available.

(2) That the services of one Taluk or Municipal clerk in

each office should be deputed to superintend the proceedings on

payment of an allowance of Rs'.lO/-, subject to the gen~ral •

supervision of the Tahsildar of Municipal Commissioner.

(3) That sorters should be paid an allowance of Rs.5/- each

and should be appointed by Tahsildars and Municipal Commissioners disengaged

from amongst/~5~~ clerks of the Taluk, Municipal or any other

local office who volunteer for the job, or from amongst any other

suitable persqns such as school-masters, ex-Settlement Department .

clerks, Village Officers and intelligently literate non-officials.

The nuaber of sorters to be employed in each office will be fixed

by me, and a specific out-turn of work will be prescribed.

(4) That I should supply all the instructions and printed

forms required and re-imburse the offices concerned for the plain

paper actually used •

. Government have been so good as to agree to this scheme and

orders to effectuate it are under issue. I am myself engaged on

drafting the necessary instructions both as to general procedure

and as to the sorting process in detail and hope to issue these very

shortly. As I do not wish to add to the work of district offices

any more than 1s unavoidable, I intend to issue these instructions

direct to Tahsildars and MuniCipal Commissioners and to conduct all

the proceedings in direct correspondenee with them. I will,

however, send copies of all important communications to you and

would be most grateful if you would be so kind as to extend your

co-operation still further to the extent of taking such steps as you

think necessary to ensure that my instructions are satisfactorily

carried out by your subordinates.

/4·1

- 3 -

When once the sorting is done and the completed forms

have been despatched to me from Taluk and Municipal Offices on

the 15th April, the storage and safe custody of the enumeration

slips will be the only thing left to be done, and as to this

instructions will tollow in due course.


Sir,


sum RINTENDENT 0 F CENSUS OPERA'£.I0NS, MADRAS.

Circular l~o. l---:l'a~ulatio!l_ OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF

CENSUS OPERATlO_~S, MADRAS,

FORT ST. GF.oRGE,

To

SIR,

Dated the 19th March 1941.

D. H. ELWIN, ESQ., O.B.E., I.C.S., Supe1'inteiulent of Census Opemt.i01ts,

MADRAS.

Ali Tahsildars (including Deputy Tahsildars in independent charge) and all Municipa.l Commissioners (including Executive Officers in charge of MunicipaHties).

Census of 1941-Sorting of results ..

1. My thanks are due to a,ll those Taluk and Municipal Officers who, in spite of their manifold other duties and in a time of peculiar difficulties, have so readily assisted in carrying through the enumeration stage of the census to a successful conclusion.

II. The detailed sorting of all the information obtained at a census has hitherto been done in special offices organized for the purpose in several cEmtres of the Presidency. This time, owing to war-time financial stringency, the Government of ]}::tdia 11a"\'8 decided that sorting and compilation of the results must for the present be drastically regtricted to only what is necessary for the preparation of the Village Statistics and a'few of the most important statistical tables showing population by sex and community from the vil"lage unit upwards. The sorting to be done is a quick and simple proc13ss,-though one which demands absolute accuracy and careful supervision. It ,can best be carried out in Taluk and Municipal Offices where, under the instructions in paragraph C of my Circular No. 13 of the 6th January 1941, the enumeration sl:ip-pads are now be\ng collected and arranged. It is at the same time too big a piece of work to be imposed upon 'I'aluk and Munjcipal estahlishments as a purely voluntary job to be undertaken concurrently with their ordinary duties. The Madras Government have accordingly sanctioned a scheme for the conduct of the sorting in T'aluk and Municipal offieeR during the Easter- holidaYR by a specially selected staff qn payment of allowances, and for details of the scheme I refer you to the orders issued in G.O. No. Press 522, Development Department, da.ted the 17th Marcb 1941.

III. .. Detailed in'structions as to the sorting process are under preparation -and will be iSf'lue,d shortly together with the necessary forms to the individual who in each office is selected to supervise the work. This individual will from now on be referred to' as the Sortir,g Supervisor. Meanwhile your duties are as follows :-

1. To satisfy yourself that all the slip-pads used in -the enumeration of all. the Charges, Circles and Blocks with which you are concernec} have been duly received in your ~:rffi.ce and -carefully. arranged in serial order qf blocks within cir~les and of circles within charges; and that all the relevant Enumerator's, Circle al!9. Charge Abstractsare in your possession and arranged in corresponding order, together with tJre Charge' Lists concerned.· .

2. To select an efficient and intelligent clerk for appointment as. Sorting Supervisor. If the· Executive Authority of a Municipality is, himself prepared to unaertake the duties of Sorting Supervisor, so much the better. Elsewhere there will be obvious advantages in selecting the clerk who has been in personal charge of census papers all along, provided he is otherwise suitable. The Sorting Supervisor will receIve an allowanc,e of Rs. 10 for his work.

, . '3. To decide what office space arid furniture will be set aside for the purpOAe during the Easter holidays. In order to determine this you should proceed on the assumption that the sorters will work in pairs, each pair sitting together at a single table, and that ~ach pair of sorters will 1)e expected to sort 15,000 enumeration slips· dOTing the six 'days' period of the Easter holidays. The number of sorters to be

2

employed In your office will, therefore, be Any small number of slips left over should bt· spread amongst all the sorters equally provided that the maximum number of &lips aUotted to anyone pair of sorters does not exceed: 16,000. If possible, space sh')ald l·e found in' your own office as this will mean the least shifting about of ~urniture and enumeration pads. If this is not possible, space should be found in the rooms allotted to any other Government or Local Board office situated in the same building as your own. It is only as a last resort that you should look for space outside your own building and, if it is absolutely necessary to do so, then the room chosen should be situated as close to your own office as possible and should be one, such as a school-room, which you can obtain free of rent. All the furniture required by the sorting staff should be earmarked in advance. "

4. To select the number of Sorters s'tated above. Any moderately intelligent and quick literate person should make an efficient sorter, whose duties will broadly be to read through the enumeration slips with reference to the entries r,elating to sex and community and to note each in the appropriate column of the forms to be provided. As stated in the Government Order sorters should be chosen in the first place from amongst clerks of the taluk. municipal or any other office situated in the place' whQ can be spared from other duties during the Easter holidays and who volunteer for the 'work; or from amongRt such persons as school-masters, ex-settlement clerks. village officers not engaged on jamabandi work or suitable non-officials. Sorters should be selected and informed of their selection as soon as possible. Each sorter will receive an allowance of Rs. 5 for th" six days' work provided he completes the prescribed outturn in that time. In addition to sorters one person should be chosen to act as an attender, whose principal duties will be the distribution and collection of slip-pads to and from the sorters and the ruling of the necessary manuscript forms. To the attend'er will be paid an allow&nce of Rs. 2.

5. To make provision for the loan of plain white paper, blotting-paper, pens, ink and pencils from current office stock. Each sorter will require a pencil and each pair of sorters will reqnjre a pen, ink and blotting paper. About one quire of plain white paper should. suffice for an office of average size.

I V. (a) The name of the individual selected as Sorting Supervisor should be reported directly to me immediately. ' "

(b) Thereafter a report to the effect that all the arrangements prescribed in subparagraphs 1, 3, 4 and 5 abov.:3 have been completed.' should be bent direct to me not later than the 1st April.

(t:) DetajJod iUf:>tructions as :to the sorting process, together with rhe necesFlary forms, will be sent direct to the Sprting Supervisor as soon as poseible.

(d) When he receives them, you should satisfy yourself tha~ he has' fully under-stood them. ' . -

(e) During the actual sorting perioe} you should satisfy yourSelf that every'thing is proceeding smoothly and be ready to resolve any, major difficulties that may arise.

(f) After the sorting if> over you should satisfy yourself that the Sorting Supervisor has despatched all the completed forms to my office not later than the 16th April.

«(I) You f.h. nid tl:en see that all t1e enumeration slip-padR are again. stored in a -safe place pending the receipt of further instructions as to their final safe-custody.

(h) Finally, you should prepare a report in duplicate stating the quantity of plain paper actually used and the total amount (" the allowanCe! ... due 1;0 be paid to t,}le Sorting Supervisor, Sorters and Attender, and submit one copy to the Collector of your district and one copy direct to, me not later than the 17th April. In deciding the amount of allowances pay:able you should mnti:e any deductions from the prescribed rates that )OU

think necessary on account of bad work or of failure to co!llplete the prescribed out;. turn in the time allowed.

(i) In everything connected with the sorting proceedings you, should Ieme~].her th;:lt the amoum of money which the Government of India have s-anctioned- h--meet their cost if! very stricti:; limitE-d a,nd that economy is of absolutely paramount importa,nce.

D. H. ELWIN,

Supf!rintendent of _ Census Ope1'ations, ~f ad"'as.

Copy to Collectors and lteTeriue Divisional O~ce:ts.:

OFFICL OF TffE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS"

Fort st. George, ~!ORANDUM No. 980 Census/41~1 dated 24-3-1941

VILLAGE STATISTICS, 1941.

THE Madras Government have sanctioned the publication

of' the 1941 Village Statistics in the same form as those or 1931 and your co-operation is requested in ~urnishing me with

the material required for their preparatlon~

All figures both of Population, Religion and

Occupied Houses will be tabulated in my orfiee and you need not

ooncern yourself with the figures at all~ What I require are

the following two things:-

1. A copy of the 1931 Village Statistics or your Taluk

with the list of MuniCipalities, Towns.and, Villages brought up to

date as it stood on the 1st March 1941.

2. A statement based on this revised list providing the

information necessary for br1nging up to date, and in some

respects adding to, the footnotes that were printed in the

1931 Village Statistics of your Taluk.

1. This revisecl l1st 1s required verY urgently, as to . . compilation has/be begun here as soon as the results of the

Sorting reach me after the Easter holidays. All that 1s necessary

is to take a copy of' the 1931 Village Statistics of your Taluk

and correct it so as to show the Municipalities, Census Towns

and Villages in serial, alphabetical order as they stood on the

1st :March, distinguishing them into Government, Inam and

Zamindari as betor,. In doing th1s you should compare the list

with the Census Char~e Lists hf your Taluk so as to make sure

that they correspond. (a) ·In the. ca·se or Municipa11ties the

number of Wards shoUld be shown: in ¥~c1pa11tles which have

been fown Surveyed 1 t 1s the number of ~own Survey Wards tba t we

want to know as census divisions have been tormed 80 as to . . .

correspond to Town Survey divisions where they exist.

(b) In Census Towns the number of Wards should also

be shown, if the Town is divided into Wards.

(0) In the case of new census Towns you should

indicate all the villages of which the Town 1s composed, if it

1s composed ot more than one village. If in forming the Town

boundaries the rural portions of any villages have been

excluded from the Town, you should indicate which are the

villages of which portions have so been excluded.

(d) In the case of homonymous villages the name ot the

nearest Town or large village should be added in brackets as

instructed in tpe footnote to Section III of Appendix A on

page 7 of my Circular No.9 dated the 1st June 1940.

(e) Any new villages formed since 1931 must be added

to the list, and any changes between Inhabited and Uninhabited

villages must be indicated.

The above revision can be carried out in your own

office and you are requested to have it done as expeditiously

as possible and to send the revised list direct to' me so as to

reach me not later than the lOth April. My address with eftect 5th

trom the/April will be "Superintendent ot.Census Operations,

Government House, Mount Road, Madras."

2. Xhere is less urgency about the statement providing

material tor the compilation of the footnotes to the 'Village

Statistics and the statement should be sent to me through the

Collector ot your district, but the sooner you can prepare 1t, the

better, and it should reach me not later than the 30th April,

as the Statistics must be published betOl'e the :e. of May. ~he

information required is as tol~ows:-

(f1) trp to date information .on the .$&me 'Un .... as in

1931 in regard to important tpade ee~re~, market days, religious

festivals and 'cattle fairs. etc.

(b) New information, not included 1ft 1931, on tbe

·:3 -tollowing points in regard to both !4un1oipe,11 ties., Census Towns

and villages -

(1) .Those which have protected water-supplies OZ' . . I

dra1nage systems.

(i1) Those which are liable '4» r,cy:larJ.,'t ;egurunc .. ~

floods.

(111) Those in which malaria 1s known to be endemic or

afflicts a comparatively large percentage of tho people.

(iv) !Iose in whioh, or in whose neighbourhood, there

are important Archaeol&giaal Mon~ents, spsci!y1ng the name and

Da~ -<)'f the xnonlllElQAt concerned.

SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERAT :rONS, !UDRAS.

~o all Tahsildal's (ineluding Deputy Tahsildars in indepe~nt t!.bar$~).

to all Colla~~ who &re requested to be so good as te sczut1nise the sta.tements sub.1-ttQ.d.4:.A them ~ T..aluk Ot:r1eors und~r pa~_ph 2 ab<rvG and' to-el\sure t'hat they reaob. _ Jl.O.t. lat4\r than. the 30th Apr11..

OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF

CENSUS OPEBATIONS, MADRAS,

FORT ST. GEORGE,

Dated the 25th March 1941.

• SORTING INSTRUCTIONS.

A. Introductory

Although for the sake of clarity these instructions have been drafted at some length, when once you have understood them thoroughly you will find that sorting is quite a simple process. Remember that sorting is to be begun and finished within the six days of the Easter holidays: no more time is available for it and it cannot be done over again. It is therefore essential that everything should be made read". beforehand and that you should yourself thoroughly master these instructions in ltdvance: If, after studying them {~arefully, you feel doubts about any points, first discuss them with your Tahsildar or 1\1; unicipal Commissioner, and then, if you are still not clear about them, write direct to me immediately, so that I can let you have a reply before Easter, for there will be no time for making references when once sorting has begun. And remember that it is absolutely necessary to observe the strictest economy in all things.

B. Your Preparatory Duties

1. Ascertain frop:! your Tahsildar or Municipal Commissioner the office space and rurniture that he has decided to reserve for the sorting, and on the afternoon of the 9th April see that the requisite tables and chairs are placed in position in the roo;n (s) allotted and that a sufficient supply of plain paper, blotting paper, pens, ink :and pencils is ready fOl' use.

2. At the same time satisfy yourself that you have ready to hand the Charge Lists, and the Enumerator's, Circle and Charge Abstracts, of all the Charges with which you have to deal, and that all the enumeration slip-pads are conveniently arranged in order of blocks, circles and charges ready for sorting. _- _

3. Ascertain the names of your Sorters and arrange for them all to attend early on the morning of the 10th April. If possible, hold a class for them in advance and explain how gorting is to be do_~e.

4. Ascertain who is to be your Attender and get him to prepare in advance in manuscript on plain paper a sufficient number of Sorter's Sheets for the first day's work (see Appendix III and section C below).

c. The Object of Sorting "

1. Our object is to produce the figures of popUlation require9· for filling up a pair of Sorter's Tickets No. Xln for each cens~s circ~e and a .pair of Softer'S Tickets No. XIV _ for each census charge. One of each pall' of tIckets wIll show t~e male population and the other the female population) and it is very important indeed !that the figures ,of male and female popuJation should be kept distinct throughout the ~rocee-dings, that, each tjcket should have its sex clearly marked upon it and that figure, or-males should never be entered on a female ticket or vice versa. It is equally impbrtant that each ticket should have clearly marked upon it the Code Numbers and descriptive details of the census divisions to which it relates. The printed forms of these tickets are being supplied to you in sufficient numbers along with these instructions, and sample forms of them on a reduced scale with illustrative entries will be found in Appendices I and II, of which sufficient spare caples are sent herewith for distribution to pairs of Sorters for their guidance.

2

II. SORTER'S TICKET No. XIII.

1. This ticket is to show either the male or the female population (as the case may be)

according to community for each block in the circle, totals being struck for the circle a" a whole at the foot of the ticket. (Of course, if there are too many blocks in the circle t.o be entered on one form, you must go on to another; or, if you have not enough forms, rule lines on the back of the ticket and complete the circle there.) Intermediate totals ha ve also to be struck for each village in the circle, if it is a rural area, _or for each ward in the circle, if it is a town area, the village or ward total being entered immediately after the figures for the blocks of which it is composed. ('1'0 the heading of column 2 of the printed form, " Name of Village", should be added" or No. of Ward" as in the Appendix.) If a town is not divided into wards, only the town total need be struck. (If rhne is more than one circle in a town ward, t.hen circle totals should be struck at the font of each circle ticket and the ward total should be struck at the foot of the last of the circle tickets comprising the ward with a note stating the code numbers of all the' circles contained in the ward.)

2. All entries, whether they are figures for individual blocks or totals for the village, ward or circle, must be made in double rows, the entries in the lower row always having a ring drawn round them. This is because we have to show separate figures for Household Population (including Inmates of Institutions) and for Floating Population respectively.

I

The top row of entries always relates to Household Population (including Inmates of Institutions) and the lower row to Floating Population. Entries of Floating Population rl1Uf:lt always have a ring drawn round them.

3. In the printed forms supplied to you the heading of the third column reads" Name of Mauza ,;. This heading must be scored out and " Number of Occupied Houses " be substituted, as shown in the Appendix. And in this column must be entered the number of Occupied Houses in each block, totals being struck for the village, ward and circle as in the case of popUlation totals. Figures of Occupied Houses, however, need orily be entered in the Male Sorter's Ticket and need not be copied again into the female ticketthis is the only difference in the method of filling up the male and female tickets. These figures should be obtained from the Enumerator's Abstract of the block concerned.

4. In the printed forms. supplied to you you will also find that tlw_ h~ading of the fourth column reads" Serial No. of M;auza ". This heading must also be scored out and " rI'otal of all communities" be substituted, again as shown 'in the Appendix. By" fI'ot<:ll of all communities" is meant the total of all the figures entered in the community columns to the right of the fourth column. Add up the figures under all the community headill~s in each horizontal line and post the total in the fourth column, keeping the figures of Household and Floating Population separate and drawing a ring round the latte! as usnal: Similarly, add up the community totals for the villa.ge, ward or circle and pm;t them in the fourth column.

5. You will also find in the printed forms supplied to you that the last column on the right-hand side which is shown in the Appendix and headed " Others" is not there at all. But there is plenty of space for it and all you have to do is to rule a vertical line down the form, continue aU the horizontal lines across to the edge of the form and enter the heading " Others " at the top.

6. 'As regards the community headings you will see that-(a) All Hindus have to be shown either as Brahmans or as Scheduled Castes or as

~1thers (i.e., other Hindus). Everyone, therefore, in whose slip the letter " H " has been entered against Question 4, Religion, must be entered under one or other of these three sub-columns according to the entry made in his case against Question 3. But there is ODe exception to this rul~, namely, members of the, Selected Primitive Tribes of which separate lists are being sent you herewith for issue to each pair of Sorters. All members of these Primitive Tribes, i.e., persons in whose slips the name of one of the tribes has l?een entered against Question 3, will be enter-ed in the column headed '" Primitive Tribes", no matter what their religion may be, and will not be' included under the heading " Hindus". In the Scheduled Caste column are to be entered only persons who are members of one of the Scheduled Castes specified in the lists which have been

3

printed along with the lists of Selected Primitive Tribes. (There may, of course, be local v:::lliations in the names of these Scheduled Castes which should be allowed for.) Under the third sub-column, Hindus-Others, will be entered all Hindus (apart from members of the Selected Primitive Tribes) who are not either Brahmans or mem.bers of the Scbedulad Castes, including any persons in whose slips "No Caste" has been entered against Question 3. Arya Samajists and Brahmos should also be entered in this subcolumn.

(b) All Christians have likewise to be shown as either Indian Christians or AngloIndians or Others (i.e., Other Christians). So everybody in whose slip the letter C has been €~tered against Question 4, Heligion, must be shown under one or other of these three sub-columns according to the entry made in his slip against Question 3 (again excepting members of the Selected Primitive Tribes). '1'here should be no difficulty about Indian Christians and Anglo-Indians, but you must note that all other Christians,

,whatever their race or nationality, will come under the third sub-column, ChristiansOtilers; so most Europeans and other foreigners will be shown here, though not necessarily all.

(0) All persons in whose slips the letter I has been entered' against Question 4, Heligion, will be entered under the heading Muslims, no matter what may have been entered against Question 3.

Cd) There should be no difficulty about Sikhs, Jains, Parsees, Buddhists or Jews.

(e) In the Primitive ,]lribes column, as stated in sub-paragraph (a) above, will be entered all those in whose slips the name of any of the Selected Primitive Tribes has been entered against Question. 3, no matter what the entry against Question 4 may be. It may be that in some circles there are members of two or more'different Tribes. In :'iuch cases it is not necessary to distinguish between one Tribe and another in Ticket No. XIII (this will be done separately in Ticket No. XIV for which see paragraph, III below) : it is the total of all the members of all the Tribes in each block, 'etc., which' should be entered here.

(j) In the last column, headed " Others", which you have to open as instructed in sub-paragraph 5 above, is to be entered anyone' who does not come under any of the other community headings.

7. Points to note:-

(i) that every member of the population without exception must be included under the appropriate column in either the Male or the Female Sorter's Ticket No. XIII.

IIi) that the method of filling up the Female Ticket is identical with that of filling nr- the Male Ticket, except that figures of Occupied Houses need not be entered in the Female Ticket.

(iii) that figures of Floating Population l1.mst always be entered on a separate line and must always have a ring drawn round them, whether they are individual block figures or totals for a village, ward or circle.

(iv) that at the top of every 'l'icket, Male or Female, must be filled in the name and code number of the district, the name of the taluk, the number of the circle and the sex of the Ticket in the spaces' provided in the printed form. And, in additien t? these, the code number and description of the Oharge nlUst be written in the ll1id_(.Ue of the other headings as shown in the Appendix.

(v) that when block and circle totals are entered, they should be compared with the figures in the Enumerator's and Oircle Abstracts concerned. If the figures are jdentical, well and good. If there is only a small difference, you may assume that your figures are more correct than the Provisional Totals entered in the Al:>"tracts. But if the difference is large, then you must at once investigate the cause of it, e.g., it is possibJe that a pad or a whole block may have been omitted somewhere. After circle totals have been completed for all the circles in any charge, you should; for purposes of check, add them up and compare the. result with the Provisional Charge Total 'shown in the Charge Abstract; and if there is a big discrepancy, you must iri:vestigate the cause of it before passing your circle totals as corrent.

14'1

4

III. SORTERl'S TICKET No. XIV.

1. This is entirely different from Sorter's Ticket No. XIII and IS not to be confused. with It in any way. It is simply intended to show the number of members of each of the Selected Primitive Tribes included in the list who have been enumerated in your areaif, indeed, there are any, for in many areas there will, of course, be none at all. 'You will find in the printed list that mention has been made of the areas in which each Tribe is most commonly found. Members of the Selected Primitive Tribes will already have been included in the penultimate column of Ticket No. XIII-but there they are shown all together in a lump, whereas here separate figures have to be given for each Tribe.

2. There is no need to show figures for Scheduled Castes in Ticket No. XIV at all, so the words "or Scheduled Caste' , appearing in the headings of the. printed forms ~hould be ignored entirely.

3. Ticket No. XIV should also be prepared in pairs, one for Male tribesmen and the other for Female. A pair of such Tickets should be prepared for each Charge: if there is not room for entering all the figures for a Charge on one printed form, you must go on to another.

4. No distinction need be made between Household Population and Floating Popula tion in this Ticket.

5. In addition to filling in the code number and name of the district, the name of the Taluk and the sex of the Ticket in the spaces provided in the printed form, the code Humber and description of the charge must be written in the middle at the top of the form as in the case of Ticket No. XIII. In the space marked Circles at the top of the form should be entered the code numbers of the circles entered in the Ticket.

6. Only those circles in the charge need be entered in which members of the Tribes have actually been enumerated: there is no need to make nil entries for circles in which no tribesmen are found. First write" Circle No. 0' across the top line in the form. Then enter the names of any Tribes represented in the circle in the columns h~aded " Name of Tribe", one Tribe per column. There is no need to enter the names of Tribes which are not represented in the circle at aU; and of course you will rarely find representatives of more than two or three Tribes in anyone charge, though :five columns are provided.

7. Then in the next line, under the name of the Tribe, enter the Block Number in which its members occur, and in the adjoining column headed "Number of persons" enter their number. Remember that only Males are to be entered in one of the pair of Tickets and only Females in the other. There is no need to enter any block in which no members of the Selected Primitive Tribes have been enumera,ted at all.

8. After .you have entered all the blocks in the circle in which Tribesmen have been found. strike the circle total for each Tribe in the next line. Then go on to the next circh and repeat the process, writing " Circle No. "across the Ticket and entering the names of the Tribes found in the circle afresh. Continue thus until you have entered 311 the circles in the charge in which Tribesmen have been enumerated.

D. How to Produce the Figures \

1. s~e?i· will work in pairs, one going through the slips in tilepads and .reading out the descrip . on of the in~ividual enumer~te~ ~n eac~ slip (he will ~e referre~ 'to as the Reader) 0 and th ,other notmg down the mdIVldual III the appropnate c01lr'nn of the Sorter's Sheets (h~ will be referred to as the Writer).

\ , ~

2. The form of ~e Sorter's Sheet is given in 4Ppendix III, of wnich spare copies are als? sent herewith ~r distribution to pairs of smters for their guid~nce. It is shown

~there as it will look after it has been completely filled up

with all the entries for a block, checked and totalled.~

5

8. Sortet'~ ~4~ts will be. filled up .Ul p,airs (1:\8 in the cal3e of SQder's Tickets), p:rae. for Males, a.nd the other for Fema.les. A ~pa.rate pair of, Sheets will be used for each pen<;us b~k. They will be made out ill I;lla:J::mscript on plain paper by the Attender. On, every shEilet :pl:tlst be enter,ed the sex .of the sheet and the series of Code numb.era relating. to the District. Taluk, Charge, Circle and Block.

4. The el1umeration slip-pads will not be broken up, but .will be kept intact as they are throughout the sorting of the ·slips.

5. The Reader will take the first of the pads used iu the enumeration of the blo~kand' wri~l~ in pencil at the top of, the top slip " Pad 1 :'. He will then go through all the slips, in the pad, one at a time. On each slip he will write in pencil at the bottom its seriaJ. number in'the pad, the series running from 1 to 100 or whatever it may be, and, as hedoes so, be will read out the serial number which he bas written followed by the Name •. Sex and Community of the person enumerated in the slip thus-

" NQ, l-Ramaswami Ayyar-Male-Brahman " _" No, 2-Kamachi Ammal-Female-Brahman ", " No.3-Abdul Sattar-Male-Muslim" etc., etc.

In doing this the Reader must look first at the name entered against Question 1 at the· top of the slip, then at the bottom right-hand corner of the slip to see whether the corner has bef'D cut off or not (i.e., whether it is a female or a male), and finally at the entries. &!~a!Dst Questions 4 and 3 to see what community the individual belongs to. In determin-jug community he must, of course, follow the instructions in regard to th~ communityheadings in Sorter's Ticket No. XIII given in paragraph II 6 above.

6. The reason for reading out the name of the individual is that it will afford a, check as to the correct sex of the slip, because mistakes are sure to have been made in' some cases in the treatment of the bottom right-hand corner by the enumerator-he mayhawl mistakenly cut off the corner when the slip is really a male slip, or he may haveleft the corner intact when the slip is really a female slip and it should have been cut off. If any such mistake is noticed, the Sorters should _at once inform you and you' must decide with reference to the other entdes in the slip (e.g., the Means of Livelihood) ,--vhether the 'slip is really male or female. The mistake must also be -corrected there and' then-if the slip is really female but the corner has not been cut off, it must be'cut 6fr now; if it is really a ma.le slip but the corner has been cut off by mistake, the letter M ronsL be boldly written in pencil as close to ,the missing corner as possible.

7. Except in such cases the Reader need not pay . .any attention to any of the otherentries in the slip at all.

S. U the entries made against Questions 4 and 3 leave a doubt as to what community heading the person should properly be put under, the \immediately refe{Sorters mus~hedoubt to you and you must decide then and there which is the correct heading and that heading must be entered in pencil on the slip against the Question concerned.

9. The Reader must also distinguish between the slips relating to Household Populaticl\ (including Inmates of Institutions) a.nd those relarting to Floa_ting PopUlation. This. wiU- not be difficult as in all slips relating to memb~rs of the_ !=fouselli.>lcI _ Popilla tion:-(including Inmates of Institutions) a house nnmber will have been entered against the>

asteris1, in the top left-hand corn~r of the slip, whereas in slips relating to meIllbers of' , the Floatit1g Population there will be no house number at all. Moreovei;-lrfOating' . PO}:lllation slips will usually be found only in the l!ist of the pads used in the enumeration· of the block. "«Thenever the Retider comes to a Floating Population slip, he must add the-

". --, ~ ,

wore} ,,.. Floating M;;to the other deseriptive details which he reads out.. . ~ ~

10. While the ~er'reads out the slips, the. Writer notes them down in the appro-d _-

prYi.t~ cl>luimls' in his ]fim"' of" &orter's Sheets, Ma.~ &'1' FenutJe 'as the case may. be. . ~e-fiM:~es:th&Pad Nunibet_at tlie-.,top of ~ cOlumn in whi~he is about· to- make ,-an entJY 8t,d draws' a Iiue acr()Ss tlie ~()lumn ahove aind. below this number. (Th-ere is no need"

6

t • .., enter the Pad Number in all the columns but only in those in which slips oontained in that; particular pad have to be entered.) He then notes' each individual in' the proper <l( lumn by entering there the serial number of the slip relating to that individual. Each .entry of a serial' number will thus represent a single individual. 'l'hese entries are to be made in vertical lines downwards, and, after reaching the bottom of the Sheet with -one Ijne, the Writer will continue in a new line immediately adjoining it. After filling up all the space allotted to one community, he should continue on the reverse side of the Sheet, writing the name of the community at the top of his entnes there, as illustrated

<>n the reverse side of Appendix III.

11. The Writer must also distinguish between Household PopUlation and. Floating .Population by drawing a ring round every serial number which. relates to a member of the -Floating Population.

12. He must all the time be particularly careful to enter Males only in the Male Sheet :and Females only in the Female Sheet. On looking at the Appendlx you will see that there are many omissions in the series of numbers entered in it: these n.umbers are, o()f course, those relating to Females and :would have been entered ill the other Sheet of the pair.

13. In entering members of the Selected Primitive Tribes the name of the Tribe O()r Tribes concerned must first be written in the space below the heading of the last column in the Sheet and the serial numbers be entered under the name of the Tribe to' which -the persons belong. It is of course only necessary to enter the names of those Tribes, if any, whose members have actually been enumerated in the block, so the heading should -be left blank until any such Tribal slip is encountered.

14, When this first reading has been completed, the pad must be read through again for purposes of check. For this purpose the pad, is now given to the Writer and the Sorter's Sheets are given to the Reader. It is the Writer who now reads out all the slips in the pad in exactly the same way as the Reader did at first and, while the Writer is .,aging so, the Reader puts a tick against each serial number in the sheet .as he, comes to ,it. Any mistakes that come to light mus~- be immediately set right. In the. Appendix ,you will see that all the pads in the block ~ave been re-read and checked in this manner."

15. After the first pad has thus been read and re-read and the entries map_e and -checked, the Reader takes the second pad, writes on top of the top- slip " Pa,u"2 " and proceeds to read it through in exactly the same way, beginning a fresh series of serial numbers for the slips in it from 1 to 100 as before. The Writer continues to enter the 'serial number of each individual in the same vertical columns downward as before, but first of all writes "Pad 2 " across the column with a line above and below it, before making any entries for the second pad in that column.

16. The second pad is then re-read for purposes of check in the same ,way as tlle first. And so on with all the remaining pads used in the enumeration of the block. It does not matteJ: whether a pad is a full pad of 100 slips or a' smaller pad of 25, 5'0 or 75 -slips 1 or just a collection of a few slips stitched together. Every pad, whatever, its size, should be given ~ Pad Number and a fresh ser,ies of serial numbers -should be given to. Jhe slips in..:.=i.t, ~I:tether the series runs from 1 to 25, 1 to 50, 1 to 75 or 1 to 100 etc.

17. Finally the block totals are struck for each community and entered on tb.e.....back -of 1.he Sheet as shown on the reverse side of the Appendix. In order to arrive at th~in. .the -total of the individuals in each vertical column should first be stiuck and en~r.~(:,at the foot of the column, distinguishing the Floating ~opulation ~o~l,by drawing.~g round it as usual, thus-" 16 + ® ", where 16 is the total of Household Populati~ Brahmans entered in the second column and ® the number of Floating Popu~h· Brahmans. 'Remember that each: serial nutnber represents one ~le i.ndividual; o~ and 'that it is the ictal. of itidividua1s that' we '$t~ not :the arithmetical total of aB'jtJ.e serial numbers. ~en ott the bft.ek of the'~t' are' entered the names of aU the communities actmJ.Uy

7

::found in the block and. against each are entered the vertical column totals for that community. These are added to arrive at ifhe community totals for ~he block under .Household and Floating PopUlation respectively. Each Sorter should work out the block totals in turn and note his result on a separate piece of paper. The two results should ,then be compared and any discrepancy reconciled before entering them in 'the Sheet.

18. When the totals ate ready, the Sorters must immediately inform 'you and you must watch them enter the totals }n the Sorter's Tickets. When entering the totals of ;members of the Selected }lrimitive Tribes jn the Tickets, care must be taken to ente! the total of each Tribe separately in Sorter's Ticket XIV together 'With the name of the Tribe, but in Sorter's Ticket XIII it is only the total of the members of all the Tribes ·together that need be entered and no Tribal names need be entered at all.

19. After the block totals have been entered in the Tickets, the pads and Sorter's :Sheets should be handed over to you to be dealt with as instructed in section E below.

20. Experiments conducted here have shown that a pair of Sorters should in six days ·be able to sort roughly 15,000 slips according to this system. It is not expected that on ,the first day they will be able to sort as many as 2,500 slips, but they should be able to make up for any deficiencies during the succeeding days and the quickest Sorters may be ·called on to help the ,slower pairs. An account should be kept of the number of Slip9 sorted by each pair on each day, and you are responsible for ensuring that the whole number of slips in your office is completely finished by the last day.

21. 'A point to note is that it will obviously be an advantage if each pair of Sorters is given one or more complete circles to deal with during the sorting period. They should alse be given "the relevant Enumerator's and Circie Abstracts at the outset.

22. You may also use your discretion in varying the amount of space allotted to the various communities in making out the columns in the Sorter's Sheetj. If ift particular

,-areas the popUlation is known to consist almost entirely of oot more than one or two 'communities, more space should be allotted to those communities and the space all(otted to other communities be cut down or omitted altogether ~ith a view to economizing in t.he use of paper. .

E. Your Further Duties

L Random over-check.-After the pads and Sheets relating to any block have been handed over to you, you should carry out a check of the entries made in the Sheets in -respect of two or three slips in each pad. This will be simple enough, as both Pad Number and Slip serial number will have been entered both in the pad and in the sheet.

2. -Extraction of sample slips.-As you know, the detailed sorting of all the information contained in ,all the slips has been deferred to a :(uture date.,. but it-is hoped to do SOille sorting now in my office in Madras of some of the other items of information contained in some, of the slipi!. For this purpose I require to be sent me one out of every fifty of the slips sorted in your office to serve as a " sample" of the population as a whole. After the pads have been handed back to you by the Sorters, the~efore, and you have

-made your over-check, you must proceed to extract two slips from every pad of 100 slips and one slip from every pad of 25, 50 or 75. The slips which yoo are-to-extract are those bearing the serial numj>~z: 5 in th~ case of pads of 25, 50 or 75- -slips, and those bearing the serial numbers :5 and 55 in the case of pads of roO. __ ,-It -does not matter vyhether these slips happen to be male or female, or of wha;'f age, community. etc., they m~e, You must simply extract these sHps from the pads carefully, so as not to tear the separate ,~em into male and female slips and keep them apart -«ith you. You need t ol'dinar~" extract any slips from smaller collections of slips th~ ,may have been

·used in t~e course·"'ac....enumeration, .as it is not essenti~l that there shyilld be exactly on~ sample slIp for every ~. used, but If there are a large number of suqh smaller collections

.. of slips in your office, then yon can take 'out slips at random from them to make up the t:equired number of samples.. On the, last,_ day you shortld bundle up the ~ample sli~)

iiee1:iH:b18 j It the la~'h lil'l.~together with a note stating thE

nUmber of samples vlhich you have collected by sexes."'"

-------- -~

8

. 3. TempomT1/ 8r,MQge of pads after ~orting.-As the pads are handed ba.ck to you,.. you must, ba.ve them I'e-arranged in serial· order of blocks, circles and charges as they were origmally piaoing along with the· pads of each block the Sorter's Sheets and Enumerator's Abstract of .that· bklck, and with each circle and charge the relevant circle· and charge Abstra.ots. Then have them stored in some safe place pendiQ.g further' instructions as to their final custody.

F. Your Final Duties

1. On the morning of the 16th April you must report to your Tahsild~r' or Municipal: Commissioner and under his .supervision despatch to me-

(a) The Charge Lists of the charges in your area.

(b) All the completed pairs of Sorter's Tickets arranged III serial order of circles, fol' each charge.

(c) All the sample slips which you have collected together with the note stating their number llY sexes.

(d) A brief note on the following two points :-

(j) Any special difficulties which Y,ou encountered during the sorting and how you resolved them.

(ii) If in' any· village or town an unusually large Floating Population has been· en~era.ted; the reason for it, e.g., a religious festival, cattle fair, influx of toddy tappers,. etc. Nate that persoIlB enumerated Dn board sea-going vessels should be counted as'· :fi( ating popUlation of the Port at which they were enumerated and your note should contain mention of the number of such persons so enumerated.

My address with effect from the 9th April will be "Superintendent of Census". 9~ra.tions, Government House, Mount Roa.d, Madras."

2. You must at the same time report to your Tahsildar or Municipal Commissioner-·'

(a) the total quantity of plain paper used in the course of sorting; and

(b) the number of slips sorte~ by each pair of Sorters and whether .all ~ave __ ~arned' their fnIl allowances by dint of good work and completion of the full number of slips.

allotted to them. r

3. Provided you have carried. out your work: correctly so as to obvilRe any further' 'refel'ences about it, yonr duties will then be over.

D. H, ELWIN, Superintendent of Census' Operations, M_adras •.

, I ~r 0-

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~ I ~ -:,.rl~ ':::. ;,..rl~ ':::.;,.. ;"'IIQI~;'" ':::,.;,..;,..;,.. ':::. ':::.I"'"~ I:T '<II "CI l!') Ie t- "CI '" 0 0 "CI 00 0 M 10 <0 t- 0 .... '"d '.

0> iii iii ""coo Q! ......................... """" ol . .... :l; Poi .... P-i P-i

I=C! ..... ~ ':::. ;,.. ~ ;,.. ':::. ~ ;,.. ':::. ':::,. ;,.. ;,.. 1"'1':::. ':::. ':::.. ':::. ':::. ':::. ~ ':::. ':::.. ':::. :Is ;,.. ':::,. ; ':::.1 "CI .... 0 "" ... "" IQ ... 0> ° .... "CI IN "" IQ .... 0> ° "" 'O!; "" 10 <0...... ;._t-

cO .... ""...,IQIQIQt- ........... oooo,:l.c .......... ~~ -.!'t-t-t-c:I>j e<I Poi

.... 0

. .0 '"' ~ . . "'" . 1 . ...... o:Q .M 0 •• 0 ·z ZZ~Zt; c.!-... ..!<I ~ bO..!<I·~ -..., go ~~~ 03 .::

p:j66~A "'OCP Eo!

12

;€) +

'::::.10 ..... +

'::::.0;; +,

~ ,,0> -C'I ~ ';(E) + + + +

'::::.~ ~ '::::. ..... '::::. ..... ~ .. ~_,.

"" \ "

" + + + + ~" J :+' ,--~ '::::.'" ;,9 '::::.~ ;@ '::::.~ ,~ ~ foe -e ~ ~ ;€) .....

+ + + + + + + + + + + '::::. ... 1)

+ + '::::.~ 00 'CD- "",-,....., '::::. ... '::::.~ '::::....., '::::.~ '::::.0> '::::.<:<4 -....,_ -: "'t '::::.~ '::::.10 '::::.«:> '::::. ..... <:<4 eN <:<4 eN

II II II II II II II II

'" '" .~ Q) .., ~

OJ ri .., '" .,

0 'tl .£: ;.a ,~ 'tl ~ ., 6 tEl Q)

~ :g ] ,~ 6 '" ., ... ..... .8 'tj

~ Q) '" ., bO .:: ~ ::l 'tl

~ 0 0 ~ ....

tEl ~ ~ ~ ~ " 0 :a U)

. {Ir)

" ([,'

ADDENDUM TO THE SORTING INSTRUCTIONS.

In nodification of sub-paragraphs (b) and (f) of'

paragraph 6 in Section II relating to Sorter's Ticket No. XIII it

LIST OF SCHEDULED CLASSES.

Race, tribe or "ste.

I. Adi-Andhra, 2. Adi-Dravida.

, 3. Adi-Karnataka. 4. Ajila. 5. Arunthuthiyar. 6. Baira. 7. Bakuda. 8. BandL 9. Bariki.

10. Battada. 11. Bavuri. 12. BeHara. 13. Byaga.ri. }4.. Chachati. 15. Chakkiliyan. 16. Chalavadi. 17. Chamar. 18. Chandala. 19. Cheruman. 20. Dandasi. 21. Devendrakulathan. 22. Ghasi. 23. Godagali. 24. Godari. 25. Godda. 26. Gosangi. 27. Haddi.· 28. Hasla. 29. Ho]eya. 3(}. J aggali. 31, Jambuvulu. 32. Kalladi. 33. Kanakkan. 34. Kodalo .. 35. KOOia. 36. Koraga. 37. Kndumban. 38, Kuravan..

--- •. _ - z


39. Madari. 40. Madiga. 41. Maila. 42. Mala. 43. Mala Dasu. 44. Matangi. 45. Moger {other than the Non-Brahman

Hindu Moger.} 46. Muehi.

,47. Mundala. 48. Nalakeyava. 49. Nayadi. 50. Pagadai. 51. Paidi. 52. Painda. 53. Paky. 54. Pallan. 55. Pambada. 56. Pamidi. 57. Panchama. 58. Paniyan. 59. PanniyandL 60. Paraiyan. 61. Paravan. 62. Pulayan. 63. Puthirai Vannan. 64. Raneyar. 65. ReUi. 66. Samagara. 67., Samban. 68. Sapari. 69. Semman. 70. Thoti. 71. Tiruvalluvar. 72. Valluvan. 73. Valmiki, 74. Vettuvan.

mId be

ld

of

livide

- i.e .. ,

; column

and

RSH may

lS should

.1

a.re not

under

left

.ny

,Indian

In the

not come

se

introduce sub~headings in the Sorter 1 s Sheet for liE 0 & A.Rs" under

the two headings "Others", sufficient space being allowed for

this purpose when ruling the formo

MADRAS, D. H .. ELWIN,

3rd April 1941. Census Superintendent.

Name of tribe.

I Aranadan 2 Badaga .. 3 Bagata .. 4 Chenchu ..

, .5., Potn.})o

6 Gadaba 7 Gond 8.Jatapu 9 Kadan

10 Kaniyan .. 11 Karimpalan 12 Kattunayakan 13 Kond

14 Konda Dora

15 Kota 16 Koya

17 Kudiya .. 18 Kudubi " 19 Kurichchan

, .'."

12

,,-.. - Distrlots in which commonly found.

Malabar (Ernad)_., '

~,Nil~is. "'. ',Y~~apatam Agency and Plains.

Yiza.gapatam Agency and PlainsJ East Godavari Agency and Plains, West Godavari, Kistna, Guntur, Cuddap4h, Kurnool, Bellary and Anantapur.

.... V~agapatam Agency and Plains. , '.. Vizagapatam Agency and Plains. ',' ;V~4gapatam'Agency and Plains.

;' '. .Vi~apatam Agency and Plains. Y';", Mmlabar and Coimbatore.

Coimbatore and Nilgiris. Mala.bar. Malaibar.

. . Vizagapatam Agency. and Plains, East . GOdavari Agency and Plain8)' Kistna and

:" .~, Nilgiris. ';. Vizittapatam Agency and Plains" 'East Goda:' ~ati Agency and Plams, West Godavari and

Fr; .; Ki'stna. ,Ai 'Nilglris.

Yizagapatam Agency and Plains, East Goda" va:d Agency and Plains, West·, G,odavari, , Kistna and Guntur. South Kanara.

, ~~~.l ":~! )j~po. "'~:r.i· .Malabar.

20 Kuruman ' ".'_' D(jl

21 Malasar .. :' ~,;::.:Coi~atore and Malabar. 22 Marathi of South KalWA (hilL '·Sotith Kanara, Bellary, Chingleput a,nd Coimba-

tribe.) , "tore. 23 Mavillan .. 24 Pano 25 Poroja 26 Saora

27 Sholagar .. 28 Toda

'- ~ -..

--- --,.---,-- --_ --~ - -

·Malabar. 'Vizagapatam Agency. Vizagapatam Agency and Plains. Vizagapatam Agency and Plains, and East

Goda_vari Plains Coimbatore and Nilgiris. Nilgiris.

It I

ADDENDUM TO THE SORTING INSTRUCTIONS.

In modification of sub-paragraphs (b) and (f) of'

paragraph 6 in Section II relating to Sorter's Ticket No. XIII it

has since been decided that Europeans and Allied Races should be

shovm separately. By" Allied Races" is meant Americans and

inhabitants of the British Dominions and Colonies who are of

European descent. It will therefore be necessary to sub-divide

the two colUl'llns in Sorter's Ticket No. XIII head !trothers" - i.e .. ,

the column head.ed 1l0thers ll under "Christians" and the last column

headed "Others" - into two sub-colur.ms, name~y "Europeans and

Allied Races" and "Others" as shoV'm below:-

t---Christ~-;~--'-'----; '--- .-~ , I Indian Angme- -IOthers 1

i ?hrist- Indians. !E:"& ! Others --I 11 ans . I A R I ' t----1-----t=.:~·; -1 For "Europeans and Allied Races" the

- ---, f __ Othe,::_

~! • & I: Others .Rs.

I abbreviation nEe & A.Rs" may

be used. All Europeans and Allied Races who are Christians should

. be entered in the sub-column liE. & A .Rs." under the general

heading "Christians". All Europeans and Allied Races who are not

Christians should be entered in the sub-column "E. & A.Rs" under

the last column "Others'!. In the sub-column "Othe:'sll now left

under the general heading "ChristiE .. ns" should be entered any

Christian who is neither an Indian Christian nor an Anglo-Indian

nor an Europ.ean or Allied Race e.g., a Christian Burman. In the

last sub-column "Others" should be entered anyone who does not come

under ~RY of the other columns in the form, e.g., a Japanese

Confucian.

In order to extract these separate figures for

Europeans and '~llied Races it will similarly be necessary to

introduce sub-headings in the Sorterls Sheet for "Eo & A.Rs" under

the two headings "Others", sufficient space being allowed for

this purpose when ruling the formo

MADRAS, D .. H .. ELWIN,

3rd April 1941. Census Superintendent.

OFFICE OF THE SUPERInTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIons, MADRAS,

Goverru:1ent House, Mount Road,

OFFICI; OF TEL SUPBRINT:GITDSnT OF CENSUS OPLRjI.TIONS, LIADRb_S,

Fort st •. George ,. LILUORb.JJDUlJ No._988 Census/41-45 dated 4-4-1941. ---

CENSUS, 1941 - Sorting of results~

Ref: Your letter IJo .. C3-4614/41 dated 2-4-1941.

Ib'~

As the systen of sorting nmv Gl10pted is entirely

different fro~ the one originally intended, the rules for sorting

printod on the reverse of the forns of Sorterts tickets for

Tables XIII and XIV will not Apply and nny be ignored.

:for SUPERINTEnDENT.

To the Cot1nissioner of C8.1icut Liunlcipality.

Copy to all other I:Iunicipal COtm,issioners and' Tahsildars for information and guidance.

will. be reimbursed from my office. As sorterts sheets are to

be of folio size onl.y, a sheet of,doubl.e foolscap paper will

suffice for two blocks. The account of paper to be rendered

should therefore conform strictly to this rate. The

quantities thus due to all taluks and muniCipalities in each

district will be consolidated in my office and sent in one

lot to the Treasury Depllty Collector for distribution in the

most convenient manner later without any further expense to

my budget by • ., way of transit charges.

(b) Allowances to Sorting Staff: The total amount of

allowancos due to be paid to the Sort1ng Supervisor" 8qrters

and Attender must on no account exceed the total cost of the

staff sanctioned to your office.. Any deductions made on


Governnent House, Hount Road,

CIRCULAR MEMORANDUM No.llDl Census/41-1 dated 10-4-1941. --- .. 000 ...... -

CENSUS, 1941 - SORTING OF RESULTS.

Ref: My Circular No.1-Tabulation, dated 19-3-1941 • .... ...

I invite ,your attention to para·IV~of my Circular

cited above under which you should prepare a report in duplicate

showing'the quantity of,paper actually-used in the course of

sorting and the allowances due to be paid ,:to the Sorting,

Supervisor, Sorters and Attender and send one copy: to, the

Collector cjf your district and , the other to oe not later'than

the 17th' April 1941. In order to enable you to do this I',have

laid down,~n para 2 under section F of my Sorting Instructions

dated the 25th March '1941 that the Sorting Supervisor should , '

furnish you with the necessary particulars.. Before adopting

these particulars in your report you should scruti~se then

according to the instructions given below:-

(a) Pa}2er used in the COUl:.§Lof sorti,M: In accordance " ,

with para 1 "(5)' of G.O.'No.P.522 Development ·dated the 17th "r'

March .. 1941 the paper actu~lly used :for sorter" s sheets alone

will'be reimbursed from my office. As sorterts sheets are to

be of fol.io size only, a sheet of_double foolscap paper will

suffice for two blocks. The account of paper to be rendered

should therefore conform strictly to this rate. The

quantities thus due to all taluks and municipalities in each

district will be consolidated in my office and sent in one

lot to the Treasury Deppty Collector for distribution in the

most convenient manner later without any :further expense to

my budget by K~ way of transit charges.

(b) Allowances to Sorting Staff: The total amount of

allowances due to be paid to the Sorting Supervisor" S~rters

and Attender must on no account exceed the total cost of the

staff sanctioned to your office... Any deduction~ made on

( .

\'JX - 2 -

account .of bad \lark or of failure to cOL1ple to .the pre scr.i bed

out-turn in the tine allowed should be shown separately with

reasons explained brj,efly. In cases of change of incunbency in

Sorters during the period 'of _.sorting the allm"fances due should be

apportioned on the basis of the out-turnc Your staterae'nt of

these allowances w:fl~'be ckecked in oy office and, if .found

correct, an order . sanctioning then will issue. On the

authority of' this order you should draw the allowances on a

bill debitable to "47 Miscellaneous Departments - Statis~ics

Census - Central - Ca Abstraction and Compilation - 'I. Pay of

Establishment (Voted)" and pay the part'fes concerned. You.

should furnish a certificate of such paynerit to this office,

not later than the 10th !,:1ay 1941.

2. The documents oreered to be sent under Y,9ur

supervision in parn 1 under section F of ny Sorting Instructions

dated the 25th Mf:trch 1941 should be despatched by the" cheapest . _iI. "

means of transit. v~ere the collections of these documents

are large enot:.gh' 'to' he -s-ent 'by railway parcel they should be"

bookelit with freight to pay. in cases. of despat'ch 'by railway' , ~

parcel it will conduce to econony if the Corm1iss~oners of

MuniCipalities situated at taluk headq~arters can arrange to

send their packages to the Tahsildars concerned for being

includ'ed in their parcels, but particular care should be -

taken in the taLuk offices to keep the two sets of documents'

di stinct and se'para te in the combined package so

for SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS.

To All Tahsildars and Municipal Commissioners.

Copy to all Collectors and Revenue Divisional Officers.

Circular No.2-Tabulation. OFFICE OF TH:; SUP:WRINT~NDENT OF

~To .

'Sir,

", CLN8U;:; OP:GRATIONS, i:.ilADRAS, ' GO~RNlLNT HODSE, MOUNT ROAD P.O.

,Dated t}le; 6th i.f ~~ Y , 1941.

, ' . ',-

D .• H •. EIJTHN,.Esq •. , ,O.B.E:.'? I,!:9~"S.~·:5 .. '. .-, ....

All :Tahsiidars (including Deputy Tahsildars in independent charge) and all Nlunicipal"Comrnissibners "(iricluding·· Executive.Offic~rs in charge of Municipalities).

Subjec~: Storage of slip-pa~s after sorting •

. 1'0 The sorting of enumeration slips in Thluk and Munici·pal .. o.ff·tees has np":cr been completed and it only rer.lai1).s to store the slip-pads until such time as they are requirf.il for further detailed sorting. Sorting returns 1.7\fere in mOElt': <;~s.es carefully prepared and promptly submitted and my .tha;!lks are. 'due. tq Tahsildars and' Municipal Commissioners for the interest ',,'hich they 'have taken on

: ,the sorting process. The names ;,)f those sorting supervisors whose work has been .judged here to have been most effl:-,ciently- and punctually done will be communicated to ColJectors for the awa'rd' of·· red entries in. their conduct sheets. .

2. In G.O. No.Ms.'8l3, Development"I)Department? dated :t~~ the 29~h April 1941, Governrllen t have dire cted .. ~ha t ,

(i) Pads of enumeration slips sorted 'in 'J.'aluk Office·s sho:Uld he arranged in sealed paper packets and st'ored' on open racks iri:the record rooms of Taluk office~;- and '

, . (2) p'ads now stored i~).f1fh:i,cipal·.'offices should' }'be ·trans:f)u:E ferred to' the nearest Taluk office 'and st()r~d there.' aloritfvdth . the other pad$, arranged in seal~d paper packets.-· . ' '. .. , ' " ., ;

3. Municipal Commissi.oners: 'shouiii forth~,:r:i. th ·transfer . all the pads 'which have been. sorted in'their off'ices to the nearest Taluk office and should depute a clerk 'who is farrd',liar wi tli. the arrangement of the pads to assist thE;1 Talukoffice staff ip packihg them in the manner described in the follovJ'ing paragraph.

4. All pads should, after sorting, have been arranged in serial order of Charges, Circles anq Blocks. First·take the pads relating to a single brock, wrap the sorttn!§ sheets used in the

"sorting of that block round them and tie them together. Do the same xm~x vlith the pads relating to all the other blocks in one circle, and then arrange the block bundles in serial order of blocks) tie them together, wrap them up i;t:'l brown paper and.seal them, so that you have a sealed paper parcel for the circle 'as a whole. Parcels should be sealed in the presence of the Tahsildar. On the outside of the parcel should be clearly written th~ name and code numbers of the district and taluk and the code numbers and description of the Charge and Circle, together V'rith a note of the number of blocks in the circle. When the pads have all been made up into separate parcels for each circle in the charge, arrange the parcels in serial

))o'_' -

\ \3 t»

-2-

order of cireles on the racks in the record room. Then go on to the pads relating to the next charge, deal with them tn the same way and place the circle parcels for each charge together in a cr'oup on the racks in serial order of charges.

5. Brown paper for packing should be found in the first instance from Taluk oftice stock, but a supply consolidated for the whole of each district will be made to the Collector by the Superintendent of Staiionery along with the annual supplies of stationery (Qffic made to districts, and the Collector will be requested to reimburse ~. £rom this stock for the quantities actually used. This supply will ' be at census expense and will be calculated at the rate of 3 D.F. sheets of brown paper'per census circle. Collectors are requested to arrange for the distripution of this supply to Taluk otfices in the mO'st, convenient manner so that no extra expense by way of trans1 t charges will fallon the census budget.

6. All Houset Lists should be collected, placed in serial o~der of blocks for each circle and tied together in a bundle for each circle.' They should then be placed on the racks along with the circle parcel of pads.

7. Enumerators', Circle and Charge Abstracts should be destroyed as soon as the information in regard to literates required by the Director of ~ublic Instruction has been extracted from them and reported to the Collector of the district.

S. All Charge Lists, both Taluk and MuniCipal, will be returned to Taluk offices from this office at the end of this month. They should be very carefully preserved along with the relevant circle parcels of pads in Taluk offices.

9. All Cen$us Registers, both Taluk and MuniCipal, will ~lso be returned to Taluk offices from this ,offiee at the end of this month. Tahsildars should return Municipal Census Registers to the Municipalities concerned for their custody and use. Taluk Census Registers should be kept for reference in Taluk offices.

10. A compl,ete list, of the census records referred 'to in the foregoing paragraphs 4 to 8 should be made out in triplicate in Taluk offices and be signed by the Tahsildar in token of the fact that all the records are present ~nd correct. One copy should be submitted to the Secretary to the Government of Madras, Development Department, through the Collector of the District; one copy should be submitted to the Collector for custody; and one copy ~hould be kept in the Taluk office and b$ signed by the incoming incumbent in token of correct receipt whenever there is a change of Taluk officer. The ,list should contain,

the n~bers and descriptions of (1) '+'he Charges ':vhose records are in custody in the raluk

office; A~ -(2.) a certificate that the relevant 6harge List 1s pr_e

sent for each such charge;

, (3) the number of circle parcels of pads that have bes'n-' packed and kept for each Charge; and

(4) the number of bundles of House Lists that are in custody for each Charge.

11. All these records should be inspected once a quarter to ensure that they are in tact and tree trom damage by white ants or damp, and a quarterly certificate to this effect should be submitted to the Colleetor of the District by all Taluk Officers.

12. It is most important to remember that all census records must be treated as strictly confidential and that no{shOu~a De ~~on allowed to have access to them without the authority of Government. They cannot be produced as evidence in either Criminal or Civil Courts of Law.

SUPERINTEmoENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS. ,.._..

Copy to Collectors who, with reference to paragraph 10, are requested to forward one copy of the list to Government and to retain a copy themselves; and, with reference to paragraph 11, are requested to prescribe a quarterly return of safe custody from Taluk Officers.

No.1478 Census/41-1 OFFICE OF THE SuPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS,

From

To

Sir,

Government House, Mount Road, Madras, Boa ted the, Ya.y 194:l:..

D. H. Elwin Esq., O.B.E., I.C.S., Sup,.rintendent ~r Census Operations, Uadras.

The Collectof of

Census, 1941 - Sorting of results - reimbursement of paper used for sorter's sheets.

Reference:- GQO. No.522 Development dated the 17th March 1941.

In sub-paragraph 5 under paragraph 1 of the G.O. cited

above it 1s clearly stated that the paper actually used for sorter's

sheets a.lone w111 be reimbursed by me, and this was made clearer

still in paragraph lea) of my Circular Memorandum No.l101 Census/

41-1 dated the 10th April 1941 to all Tahsl1da:t:-s and Municipal

Commissioners. None the lees several Tahs11dars have, in their

reports under paragraph IV(h) of my Circular No.1-Tabulation dated

the 19th March 1941, claimed other articles of stationery as vlell.

Again, I explained for purposes of check, in paragraph

l(a) of my Circular Memorandum No.110l Census/41-l dated the lOth

April 1941, that a sheet of double foolscap paper would sU£fice

.for two blocks; but some Tahsildars and Munic1pal Commissioners

have asked for paper in excess of this rate on the plea. that it had

not been communicated sufficiently in ad~ance tor them to adopt.

I have, however, been stressing frequently the paramo~t need for

the utmost economy in all matters connected with the census and in

my circulars and instruotions about sorting too I have repea.ted it.

The.officers in charge of sorting operations should have, therefore,

realised their responsibility trom these warnings and should have

been as sparing as poss1ble in the use of paper tor sorterts sheets.

In fact, two or three Tahs11dars have done so well as to manage

without any plain paper at all by using obsolete forms for the

purp.ose. I regret, therefore, that with l'ny extremely restrioted

budget I cannot arrange tor supply of anything more than the Qunat1ty

-2- .

of paper admissible at the above rate. I should be glad if Y01"'

would kindly oake the position clear to all Tahsildnrs and l.lunicip3.1

Co~issioners in your district.

I sond herE'.l'';"vi th reans of double foolscap paper,

16 lbs., due to your distri~t as shovm below:-

Taluk and Municipality. i

l Total nunber of blocks as coor.lunicated from

i the f*nally fe

Nunber of sheets of paper @ one for every t,"ro blocks.

I vised 'charge list • . ------.--------.------------------~------------------~--------.-----

I

i I I

i' I I I

i ;

\

Total

or .

I I I

I \ t I j

I I

I I I , ,

rearn,s~

I request you to be so good as to acknowledge receipt of '

this supply and h~ve it distributed to the Tahsildars and Municipal

Commissioners concerned in the most convenient manner'lnter without

any ru.rther expense to my budget by way of transit"charges. . .

.,. For SUPERINTENDENT.

•........................•.... , .. * 4 .. .. * : CARl III : * .. ~ * : [ 0 H M §. : .. . • • • * (n.) ! _ Enumeration Forms. w

* * • * : (b) Tabulnt10n Forms. : * * · .. .. * •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

.,.. o

::

1-3 ·0 g--.

.~ ~.t-3 ... 0

iI_ I

--

. ~

~

i· ()

:"

---

- -- --- _.

i

t

-

~-------- -------1---__:--------- - .------~---

~ 0'

'" til

§. .. _----_--~I-------;;: 1.1 ... ~ 8' ... .",.

g"

:!l o a

.... "'" c " " ; .. !:O tl ~

cO-;:T

'" ~ a ..

.Q ,~' c .w

~

/

~ 0 .... g:o :- ,

~

" ,

...

f j

l'i e·

District ____ --------

Tahsil __ ----------i ,---

\

HI Name Name Serial No. Buddhists. Jews.

Blook of of of Sol ~o. Village. Mauza. Ma,uza. I Brahmans.

~I

FORM OF' ENUMERATOR'S ABSTRAOT. ~

Series of Code Numbers for Block

Town Name of District· ______ Taluk.-,-____ _ Village

Da.t~ on which enumeration of Household Population began _______ _

Do. do. do. ended, ______ ~ _____ __

1008. 758. 50s. !lit 258.

Number of slip-pads used r '_

If any extra slips were issued in the cou,rae ~t-~nunieration, note the..n.mnber of such -slips here _______ ------_

Abstract 0/ Population 0/ Block.

Males.

Total number of

Total number of Literates , (Question' 20).

Fema.les.

Males.

Total number of Occupied Houseo (Pri va,te dwellings + Residential I~stitution81·

Total.

-

Females. Total.

-,.---

-

-

Boys. I Girls. I Total.

Total number of Children of School-going _age (5 years uf age and above'but under 10). -'I

Checked a.nd found oorrect.

s~ 0/ Enumerawr.

Primitive Tribes.

.. Block ~o.

S· 1" (ti) l~l' (25) lze 133 S X '"2 T'

Distriot, __________ _

TahsiI _________ _

I Name Na.me of of

HINDUS. I Serial No. I Village, i Mama, Mcuz", I Brahmans. ' t s I oas e ,

- - - ------~- 1-

I of I Soheduled

,---i---I----I I

I

, I I I ------1------' I

i __ '..:.__j ---

I

--I ---

I i I _J

- - - ---

i

\ ---I

, I

--I _.-- ---i I

! i

--I

I --! ! I

-I i

--I , I i i

! ---

I --. -I

I I I --: ,

I -I

I

I --I

i I I

I --I

·1-- .. I--".--,~--- 10----"

-I -I ---

, i

Tested andrpassed as correct.

Signed _______ _

Other Hindu,.

Supe1'1:isOT. ~'------~------•

Table XIII.--Sorter's Ticket.

Circle No., _______ _

Sex, __________ _

p.reees .• / Buddhists,

ClWB~WlS. p, Muslims,

Indian I Anglo. I Sikhs. Jains, Jews. Other,. T

Christi"DB, Indiaus'--I ,

I -

I I --- --- -.

I

----

---

--- --

---

1-------- --

--

--

-

--- -

--

--

-.-- ~~ .... ~H._ .

----_-

I I

s~~ _________ _ Sorter.

D~ ____________ __

Table XIV.-Sorter's Ticket.

Distriot _______ _ Oiroles ________ _

Tahsil, ______ _ Sex,, ___________________ __

Name of Tribe or Scheduled Number Name of Tribe or Soheduled Number Name of Tribe or Soheduled Number Name of Tribe or Scheduled Number Name of Tribe or Soheduled Number ea.,te. of persone. Oaste. of persons. Oaste. of persons. Oaste. of persons. • CaBte. of persons.

---- -

--- - ---

----

-------

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Total Total Total \ Total GRAND TOTAL . Tested and passed as oorreot.

Sigfled _____ _ s~or.

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signed _____ _

'Dated _____ _ Sorter.

Table IIV.--Sorter's 'ficket.

Diatriot. _______ _ Cirol,""-_______ _

TahsLL' ______ _ Se""-_________ _

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---~~-- --- --------- ---

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SwpetWor . Dated._'---____ _

Signed, __ -'--__ _ Sorter.

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TABLE III. -Com]

Page of Tahsil. Tabulation Under 000. 500 to 1,000. 1,000 to 2,000.

Register.

Number. Population. Number. Population. Number. Population,

--- --

10-

.

MGIPC--S5-VII·7-12·3.\U-5,OOO-(2).

TABLE III. -Compilation Register (T owns and Villages Classified by

VILLAGES WITH A POPULATION OF

Page of , Tah~il. Tabulation Under GOO. 600 to 1,000. 1,000 to 2,000. 2,000 to 6,000. 5,000 to 10,000. 10,000 to 20,O(

Register.

Number. Population. Number. Population. Number. Population. Number. Population. Number. Population. Number. Popul

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KGIPC-·SS-Vll·7-12-341-O,OOO-(2).

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Circulars, Instruction and Forms, Parts I, II and III

Documents

Transcript of Circulars, Instruction and Forms, Parts I, II and III