I

t

BTY,,Cr. Cs. Krpnn u Metognrt"Karegp a,,Apxeolor[.8"

CtygenrcKrr cbBer

Cry4enrcxn *ry6 uo Apxeonorne .flpoQ. A.,I.H. Ctanqo BaxrutHos"

B CEKIUHEBI{ETO HA EAIIKAHIITEYI B MAIIA AsWfl,fIPE3 BEKOBETE

Mamepuanu om llemama HaquoHanHa

cmy d enm cK a Ko Hfi ep eru4ufr

BTY ,,Ce. Ca. Kupun u Memoduil\ 16-18 mail 2012 z.

EVERYDAY LIFE IN THE BALKANS

AND ASIA MINOR THROUGHOUT

THE CENTURIES

Materials from the Fifih National Student Conference

St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo,

16-18 May 2012

BenilKo TupHoBo ,20 13

Z4

CEIT WIIIHATA CWC TEMA OT,,E.flIIOPMCYBAHATA* OA3A HA PAHHI4fl

HEOIIWT B 3AIIAIHA EbIIfAPWfi,:T OtI OT PAO Wfl. W C T PATWTPAO Wfl

Ilempy tlorcauu

(BTY,,Ca. ce. Kupufl u Memoduil")

Egnorpeuenno c ocblrtrecrBfiBaHero ua Heonvrruara peBo/IIoq[,I B

Bnfisxvts r43ToK ce rrpoMeufl I{ HaqlrHbr Ha xffBor Ha HacefleHraeto. Kpaiur-.rrr pe3)4rrar or ro3r,r Ebnbr r{ c[oxeH npo4ec e [PeBpbl4aHero Ha rIoB4]rTe

u c'n6wpatr{Te B 3eMe,4e/rcKo 14 cKoroBbAHo Hace.[eHrre, Koero e cnoco6uocau6 ga cr npbrsrex4a xpana. Tasu [poMsHa npeAno/Iara llocrefleHHonpeMlrHaBaHe B yceAHalr Ha'tmr Ha xrIBor (Hraronor L977,3; Xayntuan2007,l), Koero BoArr Ao [osBara Ha nbpBI4Te tpatitnr cenl4rlla c yctoltvmraapxr{TeKTypa. flrpnouav,afiHure repr/tropvtw, Bbpxy Korlro re ca pa3nofio-xeHr4, ca cpaBHr/rTerrHo orpaHr{rreHil - Ioxen llenasr, IJenrpanHa Auaro-ilws, il Cerepna Mecouoraunx (Diiring 2011, 48-49), roero rpeAronarafiocrpoflBaHero Ha ceflnqara He MHoro Aaleq eAHo or Apyro. CerpseaueroHa re3r4 cenvfir\a rloMex[y cfi c fi'brvn1a Boqvr 4o (poprvrupanero Ha c.[o)KHa

ceilfiuH.a crcTeMa, llr4rlTo cenwua ca MHoro Ilo-f:bcro pa3[o[oxeHrI or Te3I4

npe3 rraneonura. Toea o 6crogtencrBo ocl,rrypfl Ba rtocros :a:avt vr rHreH3I4B -

Hr,I KOHTaKTT4 MeXAy OTAerrHrrTe cefivrula, KOeTO BOArl gO yC6BbPIIIeHCTBaHe

Ha KoMyHrrKarlr4.rrra MexAy orAerrHr4Te o6qecrea. llo roer Hav.wr ce cilataocHoBara Ha rbproBrrflTa, a BcrIr{KI4 HoBrI orKpnrl{.fl MHoro 6'rpao ce pa3-

lpocrpaH.rlear. B ro3rl cMI,tcb/I ce[]IIIIHara c]IcreMa wrpae MHoro BaxHapo/r{ B rroBeuKara eBorrulr4.,r. O6ulecrroro 3anorlBa no-6rpso Aa ce pa3-

BlrBa oT TexFrrrqecKa, TexHorlorrrqecKa, coIII4arIHa I4 KyrITyPHa fneAHa ToqKa,

Koero BoArr Ao nogo6pxaaHe Ha ycnoBuflTa Ha xrfBor. CxegonarerlHo Heo-

n rruua cenrrqHa cr{creMa rrpegcraBlxBa eAI4H or nart-ena.rldMilTe pe3yil-T arvr Ha Heonursara peBolroqTrfi .

Karto ee.Ie or6en-[3ax, EbpBoHarra/IHo ro3l4 HoB BuA cenilqHa c]Icre-MA ,4MA rIOKa.rreH XapaKTeP, HO eKCTeH3vIBHvlflT XaPaKTeP Ha 3eMeAe.rrr{eTo,

nogo6peumre ycroBr4.s Ha xrrBor, crle4Banrr or 6rpsua gervrorpa$cKr{ pac-

Cenuutuomo cucmeMa om ,,6nnopucysaHama" Sasa na Panuux Heonum ... 25

Tex, KaKro ut xp1;i.rfr BbHIrrHr{ Saxropr, BoA.,rr Ao pa3rrr[p.f,Baue Ha rrbpBo-Haqa/rHara rir reprroprx (Togopona, Bartcos 1993,56-57). B cpegara Ha VIIxvur. fip. Xp., r Auaronfiq e sa6ensgauo Haqarloro Ha Heorrnruara eKcrraH-

sna (Dtiring20ll, L22-L23), aycnopeAuo c He.a ce/rrrrlHara cr4creMa ce pa3-

rrpocrlrpa Bbpxy Bce no-ron.rrMa repldropvta.Taxa, npe3 BTopara rrorroBrirna

Ha VII xfin.ilp. Xp., xorato flbpBrre Heorll,rru]r o6rqecrea ce flpecerrBar Ha

Banraucxl,t.rr [oflyocrpoB, Te BbBexAar B 3aBbprreH BIIA Bctr{tlKr( HeorIr{THr4

rocrrlxeHrrfr, .tylrqvt 3a rasw'repilTopvtr (Krau8 2011, 1). Tyx uonogom-nvrre cw wsiwpat oflpeAe/reHlr Mecra or [prlpoAara, Ko]ITo 3a rltpBrd rlbrKopeHHo rrp oMeH.,rr, usrporgafr Kr/r cBorre rro crofl HH rI celru1a c ycrolt.mraapxl4reKrypa (Bailey 2000,39-41). Tona e BpeMero Koraro re rrocrpo.rrBarIrtpBara HeorrilTHa ce/Irqua cr{creMa e I0ror4srovua Erpoua. Tyr raar,r

cl4creMa 6rpso ce pa3pacrBa w Eocrvtra pa3rlBer rro BpeMe ua ,,6xnopncy-BaHara" $asa ua paHHlr.E rreofi]rr. Tasu Qasa e Ha[[r{Ha npegr4MHo B IIeH-

TparrHara qacr Ha Ea.nxaucxn, flonyocrpoB r Bepo.f,rHo e nart-panuatar. HaTepl4ropfi-sra Ha c'bBpeMeH]Ia Bxmapun u e perrcrpwpaua B 3arragHara r4

ceBepuara r)r qacr.

B uayvuara nwr ep arypa e H arrrrrrHa nnSopura \w s. 3a 24 cenwuTa, Kor{rocT,rqecTByBaT rrpe3 ,,6anopvtcysaHaTa" Qaea na pa:f,Huq, HeorIr4T n 3ana4ua6urapra. lluQopvra4yr.flTa c Kor{To pa3rroflaraMe e pa3HoBvAHa ,r HepaB-uoctoriua B KaqecrBeHo ,I KonrqecrBeHo orlloureHrle, rrft rato cefiyfilaraca fipof{enufio pa3nytqeH HaqrH (tepenun v31upr,arfi.E, coHgaxuyr.yt cvc-reMlrrd apxeorrorraqecKrr pa3xonxvr) u Bbpxy paslrd:rHa finou1. flopa4r rasnflpvttrfira 3a HfiKor{ cerflfi\a pasrrolaraMe c [o-[ogpo6na nHQopMarUr.rI, Ao-Karo 3a Ap1urrr. He rorrKoBa (O6p. l.)2. BT npeKra roBa HarrrqHr4Te AaHHv ca

AocrarbqHfi, ga ila ce nogrro)Kar Ha auarlrt3, Koltro AaBa BaxHu lrsaogr. OtclloMeuarrIre 24 cenvala 17 ca rrpofreu]r rrpe3 apxeoror[qecKr{ pa3Konrrr,Karo no ro3l4 HarII4H e 3acBl4AererlcrBaHo Harll4qrlero Ha ,,6nnopvlcysa["lrracr. Oc:rasanu're7 cenwula ca orKp[T]r rro BpeMe Ha repeHHrur3Ar{pBa-Hrr.rr, Karo 6xnopttc:lzaHara KepaMr4Ka e HaMepeHa Ha noBT,pxHocrra, T.e. Te

He ca npwgoivnv crparnrpaScKyryt [prdHaArrexHocrra Ha cenilfi]ara KtMorrpeAerreHa Qaaa Ha pauHr,r.fi rreorrrtT ocraBa Hegoyrorrueua. B'rn Bp:bsKa

c roBa, tpx6sa Aa ce ilMa [peAByrA Qarrrr, se B H.rrKorr ceilfifi\a (rorro ca

I{3Krrlorreurae) 6xnoprcyBaHara KepaMr/rKa rrpogtrrxaBa [a c'br.rlecrByBar npe3 crreABarrlara Qasa (,,r'uunopucyraHa"), Karo r,{Ma BTopocrerleH}ra

I Tosu ntnpoc Bce orr1e He e Ha['blIHo pelleH. Mnenilq'ra Ha r3crregoBarenr/rre ca pa3-

Aeileufi, Karo cfiopeA eAflil ra3fi $aaa e nbpBara, AoKaro cnopefi 4pyrrr r-ff npeAcraBn.,rBa

BTOPaTa.2Ta6nurlxa e uspa6oteaa ua 6asara xa rHQoprraaqvfrTa or flocoqenara [r{reparypa.

26 ITempy Vorcauu

ponx (Pavrik, eochadZiev 1984, 202-203; Pavtk, Bakamska 1989,225).Ta-KaBa KepaMWKa e orKplrra B cerrrlqara flepnur, Ernrapuero u Cauapena

6aEx, KolITo He ca BKrIIoqeHrI B To3r4 aHarlrt3, Tut Karo re [pl{HaArre)Kar Ha

crreABarqara Qasa. ffanw B H.EKoe or cnoMeHarvtre 7 uenpoyreull cerII{IrIa

e Harrr'rqHa raKaBa cvffya\vLfl, rrle cTaHe .ffcHo c/IeA [PorrBaHeTo rM rIPe3

apxeofior,lqecKr4 Pa3KorIKr4.

Apyra upo6nevratw-vtma cfiTyatllds c'blqecrByBa rlo orHorlreHrfe Ha ce-

firriltrero lpageuurqa. Cnope4 rrpoflBarenfl, My - 6. HrrurloB - 6nnopw-

cpanara KepaMraKa raM e orKprlra 3aegno c rbMHoprrcyBauara r uali-pau-Hru xopr43ouT - fpageruurqa A (Hnronos 1975,29-30). Crr,rnr,rctuqnrreoco6euocrl{ Ha opHaMeHTrITe, o6a.re rloKa3Bar, rle ra3l4 KepaM}IKa e AocrapaHHa r/t [PeAxox,4a ,,T'bMHopvtcyBaIflaTa" Qasa. Toan npo6/reM 3a II6PBr,(

nrr e sa6en.,r3au or M. rloxagxuee, Kollro cpaBH.,IBa ra3r{ KepaMI,IKa c Kepa-

M[Kara or Kyrrrypara Ansa6erono-B'r,pruurx I, rr4eto HaMfipa aHarlorr[.B pesyrtar Ha roBa na6nrogeuue, ToiI flpeg/Iara eAHo rl{rronoulqecKo Ae/Ie-trvre Ha KepaMrdKara or ro3,r xopr43oHT Ha ,qBe $azw: Ipa4eruurqa A I (c 6ana

pncyura) u lpa4euruwp AZ (c uepna prcyHxa) (9oxagxres 1988, 64). IIoTaswrtpvr.tvtHa BK[rcrrBaM cerruu1ero lpageuu]Il{a B auarlt,r3a. Tyr tpr6ea ga

4o6arx u Qarra, rre roBa cerrl4rrle ce [pocrrlpa B'bpxy orpoMHa repvrropvtfl,KOeTO Me Kapa [a [PeArIoIaraM, rle TaM e HaIII{I{HA XopI43oHTailHA CTpATfi-'

tpaSwx (vecro cpeqaHa [pe3 paHur{x ueonrr). BepoarHo Mqcroro} K'bgero

ca pa3rroloxeHr/r coHAaxnre, o6xeaqa caMo [ePilSepxra Ha celrulero or,,6nnopucyaaHara" $asa, fiopaArr Koero He e orKpI4T KynrypeH ctoiror tazu

Qaaa, a caMo H.rrKo/rKo Qparvreura. Toel,t npo6neu, o6ave, Moxe ga 6r4e pe-

rxeH caMo vpee 6rgeu1lr [poyrIBaHIr.,I.

Kaprorpa$ cKufl't aHarIIr3 IroKa3Ba, qe cefiilqara ca pa3lrofloxeHl{

Aocra HepaBHoMepwo:2 ceiluil\a n Ceaeposana,qHa BttrapNx w 22 cenvr4as loroeanagua Ernrapw.n (O6p.2.). OrctcrBl,Iero Ha cenltula or AaAeHIr.tr

rreprdoA r CeeeposarraAHa Brnrapun ce N'bIDKrr. uarl-ne.Ie Ha Hegocrarbrl-

Horo m3crrelBaue Ha perl,ro]Ia. Apyra [prItIrIHa 3a orc'bcrBrlero Ha cerruu1a

B HenocpeAcrBeHa 6nwocr Ao p. AyHaB BepofiTuo ce,q'brlxl4I,I Ha Herlo4xo-

Asr4r{re yciloBvtfl.3a 3acerlBaue raM. B Iorosauagua Burapilfl. cenfii\ara ca

pa3rro/IoxeHlr IIo cfiep'Hufi. Harrr/rH: 4cenw4ar coQnficro none, 15 cerll4rqa B

6aceirua ua lopua Crpyrua, 2 cexwt4a e 6acelaHa ua Cpegua Crpylrla I{ e[Hocefiru{e s 6acellua ua p. Mecra. Cre4orarerlHo, 6acei*t'w ua fopna Crpy-vra e uarl-rbcro 3aceleH rro BpeMe ua ,,6xnopwcyeauata" Qasa na pannuflHeorrr{T. Tosr Qarr ce [6rrxl,r Ha polqra, Ko.aro I{Ma peKara rlpe3 paHHI4.tI

Heorrr4r (Huronor 1987;Hvrxo.nos 1990; Lichardus-Itten 1993), KaKro I4 Ha

rrpoBeAeHr4re raM rrHTeH3IaBHr rpoyrlBaurx (eohadZiev I 998, 66-68).

Cenuwryomo cucmeMa om ,,6trnopucylaHoma" Sasa ua Paurtun Heonum ... 27

Bne.rarreuu.e fipaB$.6aceiln'tt na Cpe4Ha Crpyua, Kb4ero BbrrpeKrir

BrIoxeH[Te ycwrvrfr. Ha r3crlegoBare.rrrdre (Grgbska-Ku1owa, Kulow 2007,

280-283), orKplrrr(Te celfiil\a ca MarrKo na 6poli. .feuo rasl,t repr{roprrfl He

e MHoro yAo6na 3a 3ace/IBaHe rro BpeMe Ha paHHr4.rr Heorrr4T r/rrr]r rlBK ce-

nwl\ala ca rpygHo orKprrBaeMr. Bepoxrno neyAo6crBara ca cb3[a[eHl,r or[OBrIUIeHaTa BIIaXHOCT [Pe3 TO3I4 IIeP}loA, KO.ITO BOAI,I AO [OBI4IIIaBaHe Ha

[oAnorlBeur{re BoAr{ fi sa1narsnaHero na xpalirpevH}rre repacr (goxagxu-ea 2007,56; eohadZiev 2003, 443). Cnegrr or IIaBoAHeHT{e ca KoHcrarrrpa-Hu trper cerilnilIara frnr6nrr (Pavfrk, eochadZiev 1984, 195), Kpaimwqtr(Tchohadjierr, Bakarnska 1990, S7\,KpevvrKoBrlil (feoprnen 1975,28) u Oxo-geu (laueqoBcKrd 2009,48), a B cerr[lr1ero Kosa.reso ca fipoy.reur4 KaHan]r corBoAHr4re.rrua QyHxrlnx (Lichardus-Itten et aL.20A2, I l5). fipyra fipvrqu*a3 a oTcT,cTB r{eTo Ha Cerulll{a e aIryB7r.al.J'ufrT a v HeraTrf BHI{Te TeKToHcKI[ ilBVL-

)KeHI,I.fi, B Pe3y/rTaT Ha KOI{TO Cen[qaTa Ca 3aTpy[aH]r oT ceAr4MeHTr{, KoeTotn rtpaByr rpyAHo orKpr{BaeMr (Yoxa4x ves 2007, 5 5; Demoule, Lichardus-Itten 1994, 580). [o6rp rpr(Mep npe[craBrrfiBar cenrrlara Kpairnvr\vt et

flepunr, Korrro ca 3arpyflaurd or Ae6en rrrtacr Hanocrr' flogo6nn cefirili\aHe Morar ga 6tgar sa6efifrsarrn Ha rroBbpxHocrra, Te Morar 4a 6r4ar or-Kpvrru caMo c/rf{aliuo (t{oxaA)KreB 2A07,55). Herqo froBerre, nalt-paHnrrecrpoilrenHr xoprr3 oH Tyr Ha cenfiir\ar a f rnaluwx ( Pavrik, eo chadiiev 1 984,L96) wllepunr (eochadZiev 1983, 34) ceHaMlrpar rroA cbBpeMeHHoro H,rBoHa [oAfrorrBen[Te BoAI,I, a fipofrBaHero I4M e [orITrI HeBb3MoxHo. Bepo-.ETHocrra Herrpofreuffre xopr43onTr[ B cerrnqero flepurx Aa rrprrHaArrexarKtM ,,6sfloprdcyBauara" Qasa e ro[,rMa, rrri xaro [pofrenrrre xoprr3oHTrlca or Harrarroro Ha ,,TbMHopffcpanara" Qasa. Tyr rpn1na Aa c[oMeua, rre

cpeAHoro reqeH[e na p. CrpyMa e eAr{H or uaft-arrrrBHrrre cerir3Mr{trnrr pa-fiour e Enpona (fropgauona, BereB, fipeuoncrn 2A02,405), a Br4coKara ce-I4sMr,ftIHOCT rrpeAr43BrrKBa CBnarlr4rrtra, Kor4To MoraT Aa 3aTpyfiaT cenl,tlllaTa.Or 4pyra crpaua, rp.r6ra ga ce o6rupHe BHr{MaHyre w Ha Qaxropnre, Kor4To

Blryrfl.flT [pr{ yH}rrqoxaBanero ua o6errure. Cpeg rxxuait-utBecrur/t ca 3e-

MegerrcKara paS ora, ep ozu frr a ( Lichardus - Itten et aI. 2002, 102) n Me aHApr,r -

pauero Ha peKlrre (fena4nera 1991, 8;,{rurrpon L992,38). Manxrxr 6polZcerurula B Ao/IrrHara na p. Mecra, KaKTo vt s Co$witcKoro lro/Ie, ce [brlxr,IHali-se.Ie Ha He3aAoBo.rII{TerIHoro I{3crIeABaHe.

l. TonorpaQraCenrrqata or ,,6.afloprcyBauara" Qasa, uo4o6uo Ha BcrrtIKI/t ceffiIula

oT PaHH,I.f, HeorrrlT, ca PasIIg4Q2KsgIt B'bpxyHr{cKa He3arrr4BHa perrHa Tepaca,

IraMrrpar4a ce B firronopoAHo rrofle, s 6nwsocr [o BoAor,r3TorrHrrK c nureitua

28 Ilempy Yorcanu

no4a. O6exrlrre ce orKprrBar Ha reprlTopldqra Ha cbBpeMeHHfi cenvrqavlnu,r3BbH T.trx, Ho HeAarleq, o6nxHoseuo ua 2-3 KM or celwilI1:ara. Tosu QartnoKa3Ba,.re yAo6uNTe 3a 3ace[Baue Mecra npe3 paHHId.s HeorII4T cayyo6uvt3a x[Beeue r4 AHec. Pascro.guuero Mex[y 2 cruxpounu cefivrl\a, xato He-

Becrrluo il Barceso - oKorlo 10 ru, rIoKa3Ba, qe olrrl/tMarlHara repllToprlfl Ha

eAHo cerxu1e e c pagllyc 5-6 rla (tloxagxuen 2007,56-57). flpe4n I/t3rPax-

AaHero Ha celrilIara repeHbr e 6wrrrroArorB.su. Cne4N or raKaBa nPaKTIiIKa

ca perrdcrpfipalr^il B cerllrlero HesectrHo, KbAero nog nalt-paHHrlrl crPo-[TerIeH xoprl3oHT e KoHcrarrlpaH T6H'rK cnolt ot onoxaPeua Pacr]ITerlHocr(feuagr,rena 1991,6). Haft-nepoxrHo pacr,lrerlHocrra e ofioxaPeHa or rr6P-

Br4Te sacellHvrwl npe[,l [ocTPofiBaHeTo Ha ce[nqeTo.Crtpelreuuara uanMoDcKa BrIco.II,IHa e I(sBecrHa npx 19 ceflfirqa or

,,6tnopwcyBanara" Saaa. floseqeto cenvfi\a ot 3auagua Eurapux ca Pa3-fiofloxeHr4 BrrcoKo, Karo HaAMopcKara vIM BldcoqrHa e Mexgy 500 r 700 rvr.

TlsrxrcqeHile rtpar,fi eAHo ceDIIrIe or ropHoro reseHl4e Ha p. CrpyMa cnafr'MopcKa Buco.tu:rra uag 800 ur. Cenrrgara or Ceseposana4Ha BuraPwfr vI

cpe[Horo reqeHlre na p. CtpyMa ca pa3rlo[ox(eHl4 cpaBHItTerIHo H]IcKo, Ha

oKo.rro 200 ivr H. e. Cenilil{e c HaAMopcKa BI{coqI4Ha IroA 150 ira, He e Perlt-crpilpano. fopeupe4ctaBeHl4Te Saxru [oxa3Bar, rle HaAMoPcKara Bilco.t.v-

Ha Ha cefivrn\aTa e [PaBo[Po[OPqnOHarIHa Ha HaAMopCKaTa BTICOqtIHa Ha

perlHoro Kopr4To, Ao Koero ca pa3nonoxeul{. Tut rato [oBealero celrrrrr1a

ca pa3nonoxeHr{ B ropHoro retleHlze Ha peKr{Te Crpyrvra uYIcxT,p Moxe Aa

ce 3aKrlroqu, qe rrpe3 ,,6xnopvtcyBaHara" Qasa e npegfloql{TaHo ropHoro re-qeHr,re Ha peKr4Te. B 6acelina Ha p. CtpyMa clloMeuarara 3aKoHoMeprlocr

flpo4brrxaBa Aa e Barrr{AHa npffi IIenIdfl paHHoHeonrITeH llepilog (9oxagxu-ee 2007,56).

flnourra Ha fioBeqero ceruula BaPI4pa Mex4y l0 u20 gxa. I4sxzm're-

HI/te fipaBrr cerruillara Konageno,.4peuroeo, Cnawtwa r fpageruHl{Ila, Kor-To rlMar nag 50 AKa Irnolq. Ctuqo raKa I4 celturyara,flonrcroro,llpw.6ofr.wEneruurqa, KoI4To rlMar trrroul 4o 5 gra.

B rpr cerIIaIIIa or ,,6rnopucyBaHara" Qasa n 3ana4ua Blonrapws. e 3ac-

BrdAere/IcrBaHa yKpenlITe/IHa cl4creMa: Epexauu, BaKceno w VInnngentTm.

B nrpnoro ce[rlilIe u e orKp]ITa qpe3 reoMarHr{Tuo I,I3clIeABa[e, B'rB BTo-

poro - tlpe3 apxeolorilqecKo rrpoyqBare (pasxonrr), a r rpetoro I{ qpe3

ABara Meroga. B cennqero Kosa,Ieeo e [poyrleu KarIa/I, rolZro otPaxAa ce-

/rlrr{ero or IoxHara My crpaHa (Lichardus-Itten et aL.2002,117). Tosu xa-Ha/r, ocBeH 3a rpenax Ha BoAara Moxe Ea uv..a m ot6pawvtrerlua Qynrqrrrx.OcseH rrpu c[oMeHarrlTe rpu ceilws\a yKpen]ITerIHa cl4creMa e orKPrITa I4 B

cenuuero ,{peHxono - frpneruxvl ttvlBvt, Ho ro e o6}rrasano [pe3 eAI'Ia rro-

Cenut4nama cucmeMa am ,,6nnopucysa*qma" fiaso xa Pauuus Heonum ... 29

K'bcua Qasa ua pafi:avrff Heorrr{r (fpe6cra-Kynoaa, 3n4apos 2011, 43-45). [oHeoTAaBHa Ce CMrITarrIe, qe eAI{ECTBeHOTO yKperIeHO PaHHOHeO,II4THO CerII{-

ule n 3anagua Burapn.r e Baxceso (eohadZiev 2003,444). Tona ce AbrlxruIaBHo Ha He,4ocrarbqnoro flpofrBaue B Ta3rI HacoKa. Hart-repoxrHo, aKo

flpofrBaHr,rflTa [pog6rrxar, IItre 6tgar orKp]ITrLr Apyrvr cefiw4la c HarIrItIHa

yKpe[r{Tenna c}rcreMa. flocrpomanero Ha ra3l{ cl{creMa cBrlAerencrBa 3a

HanilqreTo Ha H.rIKaKBa BbrrIIrHa o[acHocT, Ko.ETo He e saAbrIXI4Te/IHo [a e

aHTpo[orenHa, muariKl,t rrpeflBl,rg xldBorl4HcKoro pa3lroo6paarae [pe3 K'bc-

Hara flparcropr/rs (goxagxrea 2007, 70-71). Crrqo raKa, flocrPofiBaHeroHa raKaBa crcreMa rrpegflofiarafialflrrtile ua 4o6pe opraHr3l,IpaHo ,I ctpyx-Typl{pauo o6qecrro B I{KoHoMI4rIecKo vr couvalrno orHoIIIeHre, Koero

I,tMa floreH\wafi Ea nocrpofi TaKoBa c60P6xeHvre. o6nrgoBeHo, c Bb]IIlHao[acHoCT Ce CBT,P3Ba fi HalUrilteTo Ha o[oXaPeHr xoPIiI3OHTrI, KaTo TaKbB

e orKpr{T B yKperreHoro ce[lrIqe Bpexanr. O6a'Ie, ryx rpx6ra Aa roco-qa, tte fioxapbT MOxe Aa Bb3HI,lKHe KaKTo cnyrairHo, TaKa ,1 yMrlilrlleHo, a

Qarroprr Moxe Aa 6r4e KaKTo BtHIrreH, TaKa,r Bbrpelrreu (or ceruuleto).Cne4onare/Iuo, aKo H.EMa Apyrfi AoKasarerlcrBa, He Moxe Kareropl4trHo Aace rBbpAlr, qe fioxaptT e [peA[sBI{KaH or BIHIIIeH Qaxtop. HanpaneunataHalrws [oKa3Ba, rle HI{TO eAHO OT CTIOMeHaT[Te yKPeIIeHfi Cerilfi\A He [PeA-craBrr.EBa cerrrtrrlua Morr{[a. Cxe4onate]rno, He e sagbnxilTerluo yKperIeHI{-

Te cenrula Aa ce rpeBtpuar (ga EpepacHar) n cenuqurl Mort,rfiff, Te Morar Aa

cn ocT aHaT [rIocKI{ cenilIl\a.

2. Crparurpa$ws.B'rpxy o6uara ne6ennua ua ryntypuure unacrose Ha cenfiLrlara o6-

pbrqaM fIo-MarIKo BHI4MaH,re, rui rato noBeqero or rgx ca Harpynaul4 rrpe3

[pyril uepr{oArr finv, erroxvr, KoIrTo He ca [pe4Mer Ha roBa Id3crIeABaHe. Hali-qecro cpeilIarara raKaBa ge6enrua Ha Ir/IacroBere e Mexgy L ttr 2 rvr. flercerrrrrrla umar 2-3 r"r o6u1a ge6enuua Ha fi[acroBere, a rplt cenrfllla, KorITo

rrpeAcraBrr.rrBar r,r3KrrloqeHlre, r{Mar oT 3,80 Ao 4,20 u. crqo TaKa, rlt3Krllo-rleur{e flpeflcraBrrflBafi eguocnoirHoro cerrrdrr{e Karrreuur, Koero rua o6qafre6ennsaHa KyrrrypHilfrfinacr cauo 0,70 Lr. Tosli anarrw3 [oKa3Ba, qe noBe-rrero cefinula or Aa[enara Qasa n 3auagua Ernrapx ca fiflocKrr (egnocnolirnr

r{ MHorocrloituvt),a MarrKoro ua 6pofi ceflffrrlHrr Morrrrrfi, B cpaBueHrre c resrlor Tpaxvtn, ca HilcKn* Cne4onarerluo resl{ cenvfi\a cneil, ,,6s,nopucynauara"

Qasa ca oflzraaaufi 3a cpaBHI4TerIHo KparDK rrepr4oA, Koero He [o3Borr.,rBa

rlarpyfiBaHero Ha MorrIHr{ KyilTypun II/Ia€ToBe. Tosr Qarr e [p.,rKo cB6p-3aH c rouorpaQcKlrre npoMenlr, KoI4To Hacrr,rrBar [pe3 BTopara [orIoBI{-Ha Ha Heorrr4Ta, B pe3yrrTaT Ha Kor4To ce flo[yrraBa T. Hap. xoPr43oHTa/IHa

30 Ilemplt Yoxarut

crp arrrpaQua ( goxa gx wes 2007, 57 - 5 8; e ohadZiev 2003, 443) . Tyr rpx6n agagoiasa, ve QopnarpaHero Ha cellfiIqna Mor[/Ia r3rIcKBa cneqila/Iuvl eKo-

noudvHl4 yctror,ltfr - nonxo4.trrq peneQ, KlIuMar vr rto.l^Bvt (Rosenstock 2006,

115-117), a re He caHanv.tuvrBrtrfl.nana repl4Topl{.{ ua 3ana4ua Etnrapra.Moxe Aa ce Kaxe, qe ce/Iilrqara c rorlrlMa rrflotq H.f,Mar rorlrMa o6qa

ge6enuua Ha KyrrrypHrrre rl/racrose. ylsxnrcqeulde npaBrl cenruleto Cna-

Tvtna, Koero I4Ma KaKTo ro/IsMa flrlorq, TaKa u rorqMa o6qa ge6enuua ua

KIIITyPHI/ITe IIla cToB e.

Auanuarr Bbpxy ge6enwuara Ha ,.6.snopracyeaHrl.E" rynryperr nnacrHa cefivutfara AaBa BaxHr{ vrgr.o4n. flose.rero ceilut\a rlMar raKbB uracr c

ge6enwua or 0,50 4o 1,50 ru. Tlaxnlo.reHlle npaBflT HqKor e4uocnorlnw cefiw.-

n1a c 4e6envna fia ,,6nnopwcyBant fl" fl/Iacr uog 0,50 tvr. Bue.ratfleul4e upa-B.flT cenuu{ar:a ftnr6HWK vr Cnarwua, npl4 KoI4To ro3ld IIrIacr HaABIIIIIaBa

2,00 ur, KaKTo r4 cerrlrilIara Kosaqeso r Epexaxr, rrp]I Korrro rola [ocrrl-ta2,60-2,80 rvr. Trn Karo rrocrteAHl,rTe ABe celuula ca or cpeguoro reqeHme

ua p. CrpyMa, Moxe Aa ce 3aKrlloqil, .re rau ,,6xnopl4cyBaHara" $asa rMano-IlpoA'brrx,ITerrHo c'brqecTByBaHe oTKoIIKoTo Ta3,1 B rOPHoro reqeH]Ie Ha

peKara u CoQulacroro nofie. 3a crxaneuvle Huro eAHo or cnovreua:rr,rte 4

ce/rr{rrla He e Ilffnocruo uy6nnrynaHo3, rropanlit Koero He Morar Aa ce u3TrbK-

Har rroBerre rr3Bogrr. fly6nwxysaHero Ha BcI{qKr{ pe3yrlTarl{ or pasKorIKI{Te

6upemwno MHoro or npo6nervu,lTe FIa ,,6xnopucynaHara" $asa, oco6eno sa

ueliuara B'brpeurHa xpoHorrorllq.

ffe6 enwuat a wa,,6 anopwcryBautr.fr." Kynrypeu TLIracr e rlpaBorrpollopqffo-Ha.rIHa ua 6pofi .,6snopucwauu" crpomtenHr xoDusourr. Cenuulara or ra3,I

Sasa ua pa:anufl, Heo/rrrr c'b4'bpxar I wnwZ ,,6anopwcyBanvl" crporlTenHlr xo-pyr3oHTa, Karo re3rr c 2 xopxaoHTa ca rloBeqe. 7lsrnrc.reHl4e flpaB.ar cerwfi\araKosaqeso vrftn:.,6uwK, Korrro cb4bpxar (noue) 4, pecnerrrsmo 7 ,,6nnopw-

cyBanvr" xoprr3ouTa . flpu rrtpBoro cerilrqe, 6pon Ha paHHoHeo/IIdrHrITe xo-

pyr3or:Tw orrle He e.rrceH, rrrl raro apxeorrorrqecKvtflT Marepvafi e B nPoqec Ha

o6pa6orra. Tosil npo6nevr u1e ce pefitrl crleA HeroBoro geralinno r3crle[BaHe.

Herqo rroBeire, raM e perrdcrpl4paHa xoprl3onranHa c"rparutpa$ua (Lichardus-

Itten et at. 2002, 105), xaro uaft-pauuoro cenutqe uMa MarrKW pa3Mepld I{ epasrrorloxeHo s 6nfisocr Ao peKara. ,{oraro [o-KbcHo, rlpe3 nepilo4a Ic, ce-

[firrleTo 3HatII4TerrHo ce Pa3urI{P.EBa B 3anaA}Ia IOCOKa, KaTO Te3I{ Pa3MePI4 Ce

3ana3Bar Ao Kpaf, rra ctrrlecrByBaHero uy (lpe6cra-Kyriosa 2008, 57).

Tnlt rato s 3anagua Ernraprx, paHur.ar HeorII4T MI{HaBa npea noue 3tlasu ua pasBl4Tile (tloxagxnes 1990, 6-L7), HflKolI cenffqa or,,6xnopucyna-

I HanmqHvr ca caivro rpeABapvITerIHvr fiy1nwKar1rrtw.

Cenut4uama cucmeMa om ,,6xnopucynaHama" $asa ua Pauuun Heanum ...

Hara" $asa npo4'r.[xaBar Aa cblllecrByBar rn [pe3 c/re4Balrlrre Sasr. Cne4o-BaTerrHo, B T.rrx ca oTKpr4Trr r4 JIPyrrr paHHoHeonr4THr{ cTPorITerIHI4 Xop[3oHTI4.

Tyx tpx6ra Aa c[oMeHa, qe eAr[HcrBeHo B Ao[tlHara ua Cpegna Crpyvra 6x-rropl4cyBaHara Qasa [poAr,rDKaBa Aa c'bulecrByBa Eo Kpafi Ha paHHrl-fi Heo-

/rrdr, ycflopeAuo c ,,TbMHopl{cyBanata" Qasa Ha ceBep (flepnr.rena 1994,271;Pernideva 2007,213; Lichardus-Itten et al. 2002, 130). flo rasu rprdtrrrHa, raM

ocBeII ,,6nnopwc:yzaHpr" He ca orKprmr4 [pyrr{ paHHoHeorIItTH}I xop}I3oHTI{.

B 6 cexmqa ca npofreHrr paHHoHeorwrrnvl xopI4soHTI4 or crIeABarIIa-

ra {a:a (,,t'rvruopucynaua"), KorlTo rlexar Bbpxy ,,6nnopwcysauure". Tesl,r

xoprl3oHTr4 ce xapaKrepil3vrpar c vepBeHo-, qepHo- N ra$rnoprlcyBaHa Ke-

paMrrKa. C auo B cerlil rlero lpageuruilqa, B'bpxy,,TbMuoprdc yvanilfi." xopfl -

3Orrr rrexar orrle ABa paHHoHeorrvtr:Hwxopttr3oHTa (uonrxpotvtuoprcyaaHu),Korrro uprrHaplexar Ha flocnelHara Qasa Ha paHHrrff Heorrrrr. Tasn Qaaae HarrrrqHa caMo B Ceneposanagua Brnrapvlfr vr npe[craBrlfiBa flocleflHarapauHoHeolrrna Qasa (K'r'n.ren, Hlrxonon 1981, 12; t{oxa4xraen 1990, 17).

Msoro go6pa crparrrpaQcKa cr4ryartryrfl, e perutcrpupana B cerrrrilIero Kpe-MTIKoBIIT{, KtAero Mexfiy,,6 xnopncyr,rHnfl" ]I,,TbMHop vrcyr.a:r.vrx" ttltacre Kor{crarrrpaH crparr{rpa$cxu xfiaryc, rorZro .,IcHo rr4 pasrpauuqana (fe-oprrreB 1975,20-25). B cenrulero KoraqeBo e rpoyqena rbMnopyrcyBanaKepaMrdKa (vepeeHo B6pxy qepBeuo n raQxeo Bbpxy xaQaro) or reproAaKosaqeso ib (Lichardus-Itten et

^1.2002,121). Ho rasrd KepaMr,{Ka ce cpe-

rrla 3aeAHo c 6xnopucyBauara, Karo r4Ma BTopocrefienua $yuxgwn.Tx ce

pa3[I4qaBa KaKTo Ha IIB.rrr, TaKaw cflopeA crwrtr.crvt.turte ir oco6enoctlr orcraprleBcKara rtMHop ficpana KepaMr4Ka, xapaKTepHa 3a cne4Barqara $asaHa paHHrir.'I HeorrvrT, ceBepHo or KpecnencKoTo ge$rne. Bepoxruo c/reA rI.E-

rrocrHara ny6nwxa4vtfi Ha cerrr4lrlero KosaqeBo ra3r4 cyrryarlvrfr rr{e craHero-rcna. E4uucrneHo B celIuqero Kparhnrrry4 e [poyireu eAr{H crpor4TeneH

xopr43oHT, roliro e [o-paHeFI or ,,6nnopwcyBaH[Te" (irexr nog rxx), a cpe[orKprdrara B lrero KepaMr4Ka He ca Harrr4qHl,r prICyBaHu Qparnaeurr (9oxag-xrdeB, 6ax'rlrcra, Hfinoe 2007,182-185). B HafrHara /fltTeparypa cr,rrlecr-B)TBA HATICH CIIOP _ EAIWI TO3}I XOPI43OHT NPCACTABII-EBA EAHA IIO-PAHHA

Qasa ua paHHr{.fl Heorrrlr v'utfi He (eochadZiev 2000, 253;Hvxonor 1999, 60;Hraronos 2011, 37). Bepoxruo 6:rgequre npofrBanr{.fi rqe peuar vr ro3wupo6eu. B 4pyrr 9 cenuula e orKpI{Ta panHoHeonyrrHapficyraHa KepaMr4Ka

or ,,TbMHoprrcyBaHara" Qa3a, no 6es qceH crparrrpaQcrr KoHTeKcr yrnvt B

paa6rprau [/racr, KtAero 6xnopwcyeanara KepaMr4Ka e cMeceHa c rro-KT,c-

Ha PaHHoHeorrrrTr{a pilcyBaHa KePaMr{Ka.

Cne4osarerrno R 3anagua Brmapun or Bcr4rlxrd 24 cenwup or ,,6s-nopilcyBafiara" Qasa, 16 npogt nxaBar Aa c'brr(ecTByBar r4 rrpe3 c/re4Barr-{a-

31

32 llempy Vorcautt

Ta ,,TbMHopvtcysa*a" Qasa. Te npegcraBnflBar oKorro 670/o o'r o6t4wn 6poitpaHHoueorr vtr:Hfi cerfllul a c,,6.ff lto pficyr,anw" xoplitsoHTla. O ctauaru r e ulruce HaMrrPaT B IoxHaTa rracT Ha I43crIeABaHaTa rePI4TOPI4fi, K'b[ero TbMHOPU-

cyBaHara ,,MoAa" He ce pa3Bt Ba, ilfivr re [pecraBar Aa c'bulectnyrar. Bne-qarfleHrre flpaBr{ $axrrr,'re r fopua Ctpyrrla, cneg ,,6.f,noprlcyBauara" Qasacauo 3 cerrrqa cfl]Ipar [a cblllecrByaBar, a ocraHarlllTe [Pog'bnxaBar cb-ulecrByBaHero clr ff npes c/IegBaqara Qasa.

Brpxy 10 cenuula o'r ,,6anopucyBanara" Qasa e perllcrPrlPaHo tro-

K6cHo 3acerlBaHe tlpe3 K:bcH]L HeorIIlT. Te npegcraBll.EBar oKorlo 42 o/o,Koe-

TO fIOKa3Ba, qe nOBerIe OT IO/IOBTIHaTa aHaIII{3v\pAHVI CenIiIIIIa nPe3 KbCHI{.'I

Heo/rr{T, Bege He ca o6rtra'r,ann. Karte c[oMeHax [o-rope, ToBa e fleprloA,

Koraro rouorpaQrffTa Ha cerllalrlara ce [poMeHn. flpawa Bfieqar/Ieune Qa-KTbr, qe ceiluu1ara c Ha/rrqeu ,,6snopucysaH" firacr or CoQrlrcKoro rlo/Ie

vrresfior CeseposanagHa B'rnrapra ue ca o6ntaBaHl{ npe3 KbcHI{, HeorIrIT.

Or npegcraBenilfl ananfis Morar [a ce ]I3Be[ar c/Ie[HrITe ussoglr. HaTepr{Toprr.Eta ua 3anagna Ernrapu.E Eocera ca [pofleHw24 cenn:lrla or ,,6s'fiopvrcyBaHara" Qa3a Ha paHHrIg HeorIlIT, xalo nari-rorlsMa KouqeuTpa\wfr e

sa6enssauas 6acefiua na fopHa Ctpyua. Bcrqrn cemlqa ca pa3[ofioxeHllB'bpxy repvffoprrtfr c r,pw6nntwrerlHo eAHaKBr{ yclror.vrs' Kor[To no3Borlf,Bar

rrpaKTrrKyBaHero Ha 3eMeAerllre r{ cKoroB'bgcrBo. Pagnvt tus.ce sa6erqssar rCbBPeMeHHaTa Ha[MOpCKa Br{COqfHa, KO.fITO 3ABI4Cvl OT BI/tCOtItr4HaTa Ha pe-

KaTa, AO KO.TITO CefiUL\ATa Ca Pa3IIO/IOXeH,I, IIIIOIIITa Ha Ceflrqara, Koqro 3a-

Brtcrl or 6poa ua xlfrerrrrre Ir HyxHoro I4M fipocrpaHcrBo wnanil.tfiero Ha

yKpeIII4TeIIHa CrICTeMa, KO.flTO SABfiCvl OT HanI4qr{eTO Ha B'bHIIIHa OITaCHOCT,

KaKTO r,I OT TIOTeH\fiaila Ha HaCe/IeHI{erO Aa nOCTPOil yKPe[[eHI{e. fIOSe-rrero cermrla ca rrrtocKu,T'bit Karo re He cavtHTeH3r{BHo o6utananr upes

cleABarrlrrre neprrogl{ I{ efloil{ Ha KbcHara npal4croplr-s. flo ra3}I IIp}IqI4Ha

w r'rrafiKwfiT 6pofi waxurrHrl celtrqurl Morl{fiIr ctbIIIo ca HucKtl. HarZ-'{ecto

cpeulaHara ge6enuna ua ,,6xnopwcyBarnfl," Ky/ITyPeH rlrlacr Ha cerIIlIIIa-

Ta e Mex4y 0,50 u 1,50 rvl. flpanr Bneqarrleuue Qarttt, qe cem{ulara orCpegna Ctpyvra lrMar no-Ae6en taxrs flrlacr, Koero cBlr,qererlcrBa, qe raM

,,6xnopwcyBaHara" $asa uvra no-flpogbnxnrenHo cblrlecrByBaue. Bpoaraa ,,6nnopwcyBatwre" xopl/t3oHTl/t Ha ce[rllqara e B fipgKa BpB3Ka c ge6e-

nvrnara Ha KyrrrypHnfl finacr. Tui xaro ro3,I n/Iacr rrpil iloBerrero cerII4IrIa

e cpaBHrrrerlHo rbn'bK, Te ,IMar l-2 taxvrga xoPIt3oHTI,I. flpoyreur ca Hr-Ko/IKo cerrr4rrla, Konro ruar ge6en KyrITypeH IIrIacr or ,,6xnopucyBaHara"

$asa, cneAoBarenuo rofl.rlM 6poil crpourelturxoprr3oHT]I, Ho 3a cbxarlenre

Cenuu4Hama cucmewa om ,,6xnopucysaHama" $asa na Pauuux Heonum ... 33

pe3yilTarfiTe or pa3Ko[Krdre ue ca rty6n rKWaHfi.Ilpea nropara rrorroB]ruaHa paHHr4.E HeorrrlT ceBepHo or KpecHeucKoro geQr,rne Hacrb[Ba ,,T6MHo-pr{cyBaHara" Qa3a, AoKaro Ha lor or geQNnero npo4T nxaBa Aa c'brrlecr-oyza ,,6xnopvrcyBanara" Qasa Ao Kparl Ha pannvta Heonr{T. Ilo'rrra Bcr{tIKr4

cerll4rqa Ha replrroprr.frTa,*ra Ko.rITo HacrbrlBa HoBara ,,Moga", fipo4brlxaBarAa c'brrlecrByBar r rrpe3 crregBarrlara Qasa. flo-ron.surara qacr or aHarlfi-

3r{paHrrre cenmutra He ca o6masaHrr rrpe3 KbcHr fr, Heortutr. Oco6euo tesrlor Co$lo,,rcKoro rrorre r Ceeeposaflagua Ernrapltx, KtAero pa:anvr.A HeorrrlT

MrrHaBa ripe3 orr{e eAHa, pec[eKTrrBHo 4ne Qasn. Beporttro raM KbcHr{.rrr

HeOTIIIIT HaCTT,UBa IIO-K'bCHO.

B saxnrcqeHrle, Mora Aa Kaxa, qe c ro3rl atJ.alrvtg Aalev He ce ce peua-Bar BClIqKr4 Bbflpocr, cB'bgauvI c'bc cenvfi\Hara cl4creMa ot ,,6anopilcpaEa-ra" Qasa n 3anagHa E1r-,nrapraa, a HarrpoTyrB - B'b3Hr4KBaT orrle rloBeqe. Aua-rlrl3'br vI 3aKrlloqe:uusra qe:rpa6ra flocrofiHHo ga ce o6noB.rrBar cne4 [po-f{BaHero wny6nwrcyBaHero Ha Bc.rrKo eAHo HoBo cerrrrqe, Karo ce BKrrrorrar

HoBorroryreHr{Te AaHHrr. flo rosu HaqrlH KaprrHara Ha nalt-pauHara ce-

nllu{Ha crICTeMa rrle craBa Bce rro-.f,cHa. flogo6eu aHarrr{s 6wrpn1eano Aa ce

uzpa6o'rw, KaKTo 3a crre[Barqure $asr raK W 3a c'bceAur{le o6nacrr,r, KaroIIo To3r4 Haqr,rH Mo)Ke Aa ce [PocIIeA]I pa3[PocTPaHeH[eTo Ha cenr4rr{HaTa

clrcreMa u pa3Bvruero Ha orge.fiH]rre Kyrrrypu. Taxrn anarrilB 6w v,orln ga

fiocryxff rrPrr eAHa [peq]r3Ha ilePwo4ilsa\xs, t cr4HxpoHr{3arl}1.s Ha paHHo-Heo/IXTHrdre Kynrypvt B ll.flrra l0rolasroqua Enpona.

III{TEPATYPA

Bangona 2007l. B. Ban4ona. HeonrrHo cerrrdrrle a Eepcun, Krccrenguxcxo:pa3KonKlr npez 2007 r. - Apxeonorwn, 2007, l - 4, 102- 11 4.

Ban4ona 2008: B. Bangosa. CoHgaxHr apxeolorxarecKr4 npof{BaHrrfl Ha

Heo[r/rTHoTo ce/rr4qe e c. EepcuH, o6tsluna KrocreHAnn. - B: Apxeofiorr(qecKn oT-Kpwr w fr ,r p a3KorrKrd np ez 2007 . C o Qux, 2008, 42 - 46.

Ban4ora 2010: B. Baugosa. ApxeonorruecKr,r npofrBa:r.vrff Ha Heorrr4rHoro

ce.[r{qe r c. Eepcun, o6quua KrccreHgr,rn. - B: Apxeo[orr{r{ecKrlr o'rKpvrryrr r{ pa3-KorKr4 npes 2009, CoQur, 2010, 39-41.

faner4orcrr 2008: I' lanerloncxr'r. ApxeororrqecKr4 pa3KonKil Ha paHHoHe-

orrrrrHo certr{u{e e M. Banora (,{onHlrre x'rxra) rpala c. Oxogen, o6r4nHa Bpaqa. - B:

ApxeonoruvecKr4 orKprrrufl il pa3KonKr npe3 2007. Co$vs, 2008, 30-35.faner;orcxu 2009: f. faHeqoscrN. ApxeonoriaqecKrl pa3{o[Kr4 Ha paHHoHe-

orrmrHo ce/rr4rqe e Ia. Banora (,[onHure nnxu) rparl ceno Oxoqen, o6quua Bparla. -B: Apxeonoruvecrvr orKpvrrwfl rr pa3KorrKrr npes 2008. CoQrx, 20A9,44-49.

34 Ilempy Voxauu

fenaguera I99l: B. leuagrera. ApxeonorrvecKvl Aa:alafi 3a fioce[rrrrdeH xr/t-Bor B MecrHoc:rra,,Mou1enu" xpair ceno Heeecrnuo, KrocreHArr/rcKo. -l4seectmnw.aVlcropvttecxtr uyzefi Krocren4rn, iII, 1991, 5-18.

feoprrer 1975: l.IzI. leopruea. CrpatrrpaQrr I4 xapaKrep H ar<yfirpara Ha npa-r4cropr{qecKoro cefifirrle e c. Kpeunxorrlra, Co$l,r,rcxo. - Apxeonorws1975,2,17-30.

fpe6cra-Kynona 2004: M. Ipe6cxa-Kynona. Kynrypnn npoMetr,r s l0rosa-ragHa B'rnrapua rpe3 Bropara rrorroBr4Ha na VI xun. IIp.Xp. - B: (peg. B. Huxo-nos, K. Brvrapoe, IL Kanven), flparcroprvecra Tpaxna. CoQur-Crapa 3aropa,2004,133-145.

Ipe6cra-Kyroea 2005: M. lpe6cra-Kynoaa. Congaxur rpofrBaHrrq Ha

paHHoHeo[rrHo ceryrrqe vpyt c. I4nvtugeu4vl rvr. Bprruuux/Macoreq. - B: Apxeo-lrornrrecK?r orKprrrvrfl rr pa3Ko[Krr upes 2004. Co$rx, 2005,4I-43.

Ipe 6cxa-Kynoea 2007: M. lpe6 cra- Kynoe a. ApxeonorrvecKrr pa3KorKr Ha

fipaffcropilqecKoro cerilrqe rcpafi c. Wnxugeaqw, ru. Maconeq, o6u{rua Crpyux-ur. - B: ApxeonorrvecKr4 orKpr{rvrfl.ilpazKonKr4 lrpe3 2006. CoSnn,20A7,42-43.

Ipe6cra-Kyrora 2008: M. lpe6cra-Kynona. Pannoseonr,rruara Kyrrypa B

[orrvlHara Ha Cpegua Crpyvra, IorosanagraBlonrapua. - B: flparcroprtqecKyr rpo-ynBaHrr.fl r Euraprx: Hosnre rpeArI3BKarerlcrBa. Co$ra, 2008, 56-65.

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38 ITempy Vorcauu

Trrc Srrtr,rnnrut NrrwoRK FRoM THE

"Wurrr Pn rNrBp" PuAsE oF THE Eanr,v NEourruc rN

WestnnN Bur.cenra: Top o c RAprry AND SrRetrcRAPHY

Petru Ciokany(Sf. Cryril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo)

Summary

The Neolithic settlement network, which represents one of the most im-portant products of the "Neolithic revolution," is introduced in SoutheasternEurope at the same time with the neolithization process in the second haif ofthe 7'hMillennium BC. This network reaches its prosperity during the ,,WhitePainted Phase" of the Early Neolithic in the central part of the Balkan peninsula.

This article deals with topography and stratigraphy of the settlements

from the ,White Painted Phase" in Western Srrlgaria. The above mentionedsettlements are 24. Seventeen out of them are archeologically excavated whilethe rest are not yet white painted potsherds are discovered there on the sur-face. The settlements are located in Western Bulgaria the highest concentrationbeing observed in the Upper Struma area. All the settlements are located ina territory with relatively similar environmental conditions, which allows thepractice of agriculture and stock-breeding. The differences can be noticed inthe current altitude, the settlement size and the employment of fortification.

Most of the settlements are flat because they are not inhabited inten-sively after the ,,White Painted Phase". Therefore, even the few settlementmounds are rather low. Most of the settlements reveal an average of 1 mthickness of the ,,white painted' culturaL layer, which contains 1-2 build-ing horizons. The settlements from the Middle Struma area stand out withthe thickness of the ,,white painted" culturai layer, which indicates that the

,White Painted Phase" had a longer existence there. The reason perhaps isthe fact that during the second half of the EarlyNeolithic, the ,JMhite Painted

Phase" continued to exist in the Middle Struma area, while the ,,Dark Paint-ed Phase" occurred to the north. In the territory where the new ,,fashion"occurred, most of the settlements from the ,,White Painted Phase" continuedto exist during the next phase. In these settlements the ,,dark painted" hori-zons appeared over the ,;white painted" ones. Most of the settlements fromthe ,IMhite Painted Phase", especially those in Sofia field and NorthwesternBulgaria, were not.inhabited any longer during the Late Neolithic.

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O6p. Z. Kapma Ha cenut4ama om ,,6nnopucyaauama" Sasa e Sanadna Eonzapun:.

Fig. 2. Map of settlements from the "White Painted Phase" in Western Bulgaria.

7. Koaaqeeo (Kovachevo);2. I4nundel4u (Ilindentsi);3. Epetrauu (Brezhani);4.

flpenrcoeo (Drenkovo); 5. Eneunuqa (Elahnitsa); 6. Mypcaneeo (Mursalevo); 7.

Barcceeo (Valcsevo); 8. flynuu4a (DuPnitsa);9. Raueuurc (Kamenik); 10. Heeecmuuo(Nevestino); 11. Eepcun (Bersin); 12. Muwrcoeu,u (Shishkovtsi); li. fionucmoao(Dolistovo); 14. Kpailrut4u (Kraynitsi); 15. Canapeeo (Saparevo);16. fonodnurc(Galabnik); 17. Hezoaauqu (Negovantsi); 18.Ilpu6oil (Priboy); 19. Munrcoew4a

(Milkovitsa); 20. Cnamuna (Slatina);21. Eyxoeo (Buhovo); 22. Kpenuxoequ(Kremikovtsi); 23. Oxoden (Ohoden); 24. lpadewnur4a (Gradeshnitsa).