757

AUTHOR INDEX

Abbott, T., 216 Abell, S. K., 740 Abernathy, D.B., 621 Abowitz, K., 583 Adedeji, A., 300, 520, 521 Afenyadu, D., 304 Affiri, M. 12 Aguero, F. 626 Ahluwalia, P., 507, 508, 509 Ahmad, A., 507 Ahmed, A. S., 96, 380, 502 Ahola, S. 199 Aittola, H. 200 Ajulu, R., 299, 300, 301 Akashi, Y., 670, 676 Ake, C., 208, 299, 544 Akrawi, M., 8, 10, 116 Akuzawa, M., 395, 396 Alexander, R., 46, 300, 317, 469 Ali, S. A., 381 Allen, D., 284, 286, 287, 660, 733 Allende, S., 223 Allsopp, D. H., 648 Almond, G. A., 94, 619 Alper, S., 649 Altbach, P. G., 190, 192, 197, 502 Althaus, D., 287 Althusser, L., 99 Altieri, E., 643 Amadeo, J., 712 Amer, J. M., 382, 384 Amin, S , 295 Anderson, L., 586 Andor, L., 226 Angrist, J., 587

Angus, J., 103 An-Náim, A. A, 378, 380 Antorak, R. F., 649 Appadurai, A., 96, 315, 316, 317, 322,

324, 325, 507 Appelbaum, P., 735 Appiah, K., 301, 305, 507, 508, 509,

512Apple, 110, 118, 120, 256, 584, 593, 599, 640, 706, 733, 734 Arenas, A., 590 Argyle, M., 344 Arjmand, R., 385 Armani, L., 648 Arnaut, A., 591 Arnold, V. 23, 33 Arnove, R., 18, 46, 434, 440 Aronowitz, S., 241, 705 Artel, C., 328 Arthur M., 570 Ash, M. S., 733 Ashante, 512 Ashby, E., 152 Ashcroft, B., 507 Ashraf, S. A., 381 Ashton, D., 80, 302, 304, 519, 546,

717Aspin, D., 17 Astiz, F., 18, 600 Atkinson-Grosjean, 467 Avanesov, V., 409 Aviram, A., 7 Aylwin, P. 223 Ayubi, N., 379 Aziz, A. A., 385

758 AUTHOR INDEX

Babalola, A. 529, 533 Babha, H , 634 Bacon, F., 337 Badie, B., 379 Baeg, I., 155 Bagnall, N., 717 Bak, P., 625 Baker, 18, 31, 282, 651, 735 Bakhtin, M. M., 288 Ball, S., 120, 733 Balla, J., 647 Balzer, H. D., 245 Banks, D., 400 Banya, K., 154 Barazangi, N. H., 381 Barbagli, M., 718 Barber, B., 3, 18, 432, 658 Barlow, M., 457 Barton, L., 644, 735 Baudelot, C., 718 Bauman, Z., 195 Baumert, J., 328, 329 Baxi, U., 391 Bayart, J., 300, 482 Beatty, B. R., 284, 288 Beck, U., 733 Becker, G., 5 Beeley, B., 380 Behar, L., 649 Beit-Hallahmi, B., 344 Bell, D., 317 Benadusi, L., 716, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 727 Benavot, A., 593 Bender, W. N., 650 Benveniste, L., 594 Bereday, G., 37, 39 Berger, P. L., 96, 380 Bergquist, W., 284 Berlinski, J., 223 Bernstein, B., 705 Berrio, J.R., 37 Berry, B., 665 Bertin, N., 341 Beshir, M. O., 247 Bettinger, E., 587

Bhabha, H., 301, 508, 509, 513 Biddle, B., 240 Biklen, D. P., 651 Billington, J., 697 Bilotkach, V., 230 Blackmore, J., 99 Blomqvist, J., 13 Bloom, E., 587 Blossfeld, H.-P., 718 Blunden, R., 717 Bochner, S., 652 Bogolubov, L., 712 Boli, J., 101 Boli-Bennett, J., 613 Bonal, X., 460, 472 Bond, P., 298, 299 Boone, M., 282, 283, 288 Borcelle, G., 338 Boreham, N., 72, 76 Borevskaya, N., 587, 588 Boron, A. A., 131 Bosworeth, B., 119 Bottery, M., 256 Boucher, L., 452 Bourdieu, P., 413, 705, 745, 746, 748 Bourke, S., 648 Bowen, J., 16 Bowles, S., 413, 705 Bowman, M. J., 624 Bradley, D. P., 649 Brady, L., 662, 664, 665, 668 Bray, M., 10, 11, 17, 37, 46, 95, 502,

587, 588 Brecher, J., 439, 475 Bretherton, C., 379 Brian, F., 570 Britain, I., 575 Britzman, D. P., 288, 741 Brock, C., 502 Brock-Utne, 117, 304, 306, 502, 533, 549, 561 Brodbelt, S., 4 Brown, A., 76, 78, 302 Bruhn, K., 131, 619 Brunner, J. J., 223 Bryan, T., 650, 740

AUTHOR INDEX 759

Bryce, J., 616 Buffoni, F., 718 Buganov, V., 707 Buhlmahn, E., 333 Bulgren, J., 648 Bullivant, B. M., 212 Bullock, L. M., 649 Burbules, N. C., 44, 461 Burchell, G., 147 Burgess, E. W., 746 Burke, I., 153 Burley, H., 660 Burstein, P., 356 Bybee, R., 737 Cadriel, C., 139 Calabrese, A, 735 Caldwell, B.J., 670, 672 Callahan, R., 282 Campbell, A., 663 Campos, J. E., 519, 546 Canaan, J. E., 283 Canning, M. P., 408, 415, 420 Capano, G., 716, 728 Capecchi, V., 716 Capella, J.-R., 222 Carlin, P., 674, 676, 680 Carnochan, S., 733 Carnoy, M., 32, 44, 96, 118, 120, 257,

434, 502, 588, 590 Carpecchi, V., 726 Carroll, A., 648 Casey, M., 672 Cassella, C., 660 Castells, M., 96, 295, 320 Castles, S., 209 Catoe, S., 665 Cauthino, M., 651 Cavallo, D., 131 Ceausescu, N., 225 Center, Y., 652 Cerini, G., 721, 724, 726 Chan, M.T., 173, 260 Chapman, J., 17 Chatterjee, P., 507, 508 Chavez, L. F., 750 Chen, M. R., 648

Cheng, Y. C., 165, 166, 167, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 258, 259, 260, 273

Cheru, F., 296, 297, 298, 299 Cheung, W. M., 167, 177 Chinkin, C., 297 Chu, Ke-young, 119 Ciolek, M., 367 Clare, J., 673 Clark, B. R., 289 Claude, R., 391 Claycomb, C., 646 Clayton, T., 626 Cleary, P., 342 Cleverley, J., 249 Clignet, R., 503 Clyne, M., 211 Coates, R. D., 648 Cobalti, A., 716, 718 Cobb, C. D., 588 Coffield, F., 72 Cohen, E. G., 436 Colebroo, J., 575 Coleman, P., 589, 590, 746 Collier, P., 294, 295, 519, 523 Collins, S., 119 Combe, T., 527 Connell, R. W., 413, 633, 705 Conversi, D., 209 Convery, A., 343 Cook, B. G., 651 Coombs, F., 3, 6, 9, 11, 17, 18, 502 Cooner, D., 660 Cooper, F., 481, 482 Copans, L., 286 Corbo, V., 229 Corni, G., 521 Cornia, G., 519, 526 Cornwell, R., 298, 300 Corrales, J., 421 Corsiglia, J., 738 Cortesao, L., 733 Cowan, W. M., 70, 362 Cowen, R., 42, 618 Cox, R., 96, 100 Crane, D., 316

760 AUTHOR INDEX

Crisp, B. F., 619 Cristol, D., 660 Cross, R. T., 739 Crossley, M., 41, 44, 46 Cruz, J. E., 139 Crvenkovski, K., 8 Cuban, L., 423, 424 Cummings, W.K., 97, 519 Currie, J., 254, 268 d’Arbon, T., 674 Dabalen, A., 527, 528, 529 Dadlez, S., 660 Dale, R., 94, 99, 255, 297, 460, 462,

472, 604 Dalin, P., 6, 424 Dällenbach, J.-F., 198 D'Alonzo, B. J., 648 Darling-Hammond, L., 411 Daun, H., 94, 100, 222, 257, 384, 385,

422, 615 David, P.A., 70 David, C., 483 Davies, L. Harber, 636, 639 Dawkins, J., 318 Day, C., 673 De Graaf, N. D., 747, 749 De Grandpr , M., 345 de Laeter, J., 736 Deane W., 212 DeBoar, G. E., 737, 738 Dei, G. J., 644 Dekkars, J., 736 Delanty, G., 45, 190, 192, 196, 733 Delavault, H., 347 Demerath, P., 752 Dempster, N., 282, 283 Denison, E. F., 518 Deno, S., 651 Derrida, J., 197 Deshler, D. D, 648 Dewey, J., 58 DiMaggi, P, 749 Dimitriadis, G, 733 Dirlik, A., 507 Dissanayake, W., 733 Doden, R., 648

Dogan, M., 209 Dollar, D, 109, 294, 295 Dolowitz, D., 356 Donahue, D., 400 Dopp, S., 472 Dore, R., 502 Dougherty, C., 717 Douglas, C., 648 Dow, K. L., 315, 318, 320, 322, 323,

324, 325, 423, 557 Doyle, D. P., 240 Draxler, A., 53, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62 Drexler, K. E., 55 Drori, G. S., 736, 737, 739 Drucker, P., 60, 254 Du, R., 250 Dube, S.C., 208 Duffield, M., 98, 101, 103, 379 Duignan, P., 674, 679 Duke, D., 650 Duncan, D.J., 674 Dunn, J., 149 Eckstein, M. A., 23, 24, 42, 43 Edgar, A., 368, 376 Edwards, S., 96, 256 Eickelman, D., 384, 385 Eickelmann, D., 378 Einhorn E. S., 447 Eisenstein, S., 698 Eisner, E. W., 711 El-Amin, C., 660 Elmore, R., 678 Elrbaum, B., 652 Elu, J., 155 Elwood-Salinas, S., 660 Emily, B., 570 Engelberger, J., 54 Engestrom, Y., 70, 72 Ensel, W. M., 747 Epstein, E.H., 37, 39, 41, 614, 619,

622, 623 Ereky, K., 54 Eshanova Z., 370 Eshiwani, G. S., 247 Espinoza, O., 223, 224, 225, 228, 229 Establet, R., 718

AUTHOR INDEX 761

Evans, K., 65, 72, 79, 82, 412, 423, 429, 660

Evers, C., 6 Ewers, C., 8, 9 English, F.W., 567 Fabian, J., 509 Fadeeva, D., 708 Fagerlind, I., 368 Fairbank, J. K., 249 Farnen, R.F., 620 Farnsworth, P. T., 53 Faundez, J., 352 Fazackerley, A., 345 Fensham, P. J., 735, 737 Ferguson, G., 412, 557 Fernig, L., 7 Ferron, J. M., 650 Feynman, R. P., 55 Fidler, B., 665 Fieler, A., 651 Filippov, V., 409 Fink, D., 423 Finn, C. E. J., 240 Fischman, G., 734 Fisher, D., 467, 636 Fiske, E. B., 586, 588, 590 Fitzsimons, P., 733 Flap, H. D., 747 Fleming, G.P., 678 Flockton, L., 673 Flowers, N., 390 Floyd, R., 660 Foley, D.E., 626 Fontana, M., 296 Foray, D., 70 Forlin, C., 648 Foster, P., 502, 621 Foucault, M., 101, 103 Foursatié, J., 194 Fox, V., 132 Frasca, T., 131 Fraser, S., 23 Freakley, M., 282 Frederick, C., 481 Freeman, C., 96 Frei, E., 223

Freire, P., 502, 521 Fuchs, D., 651, 652 Fujii, K., 402 Fujimura-Fanselow, K., 343 Fukuyama, F., 236, 443 Fullan, M., 589, 591, 610, 672 Fuller, A., 66, 502, 583, 589, 591, 592 Furlong, C., 281 Shaw, G. B., 570 Gabriel, S., 332 Gal, R., 13 Gallagher, J. J., 739 Galt, V., 648 Gardner, H., 181, 436 Gardner, D. P., 239 Garretón, M. A., 223 Gartner, A., 651 Garvar-Pinhas, A., 652 Gellert, C., 151 Geoffrey, Dutton, 575 Geo-JaJa, M. A., 110, 111, 119, 523,

527, 529, 533, 538, 545 George, S., 459, 649 George, E., 570 Gerbe, R., 72 Gerber, M., 651 Gershberg, A. I., 585, 586, 589 Gevurkova, E., 697, 708, 709 Gewritz, S, 256 Gibson, K., 631, 651 Giddens, A., 75, 96, 99, 112, 118, 290,

443, 444, 448, 504, 614 Gilbert, A., 196 Gill, S., 100 Gillborn, D., 283 Gillette, A., 8, 17 Gintis, H., 413, 705 Giordano, G., 648 Giroux, H., 439 Glass, G. V., 588 Glick, J. E., 750 Goh, K.S., 259, 264, 272 Gold, A., 285 Goldberg, D., 506 Goldblatt, D., 503 Goldman, M, 249, 360

762 AUTHOR INDEX

Goldstein, P. A., 649 Goldziher, I., 378 Gonzales, S., 660 Gonzalez, L. E., 223, 224, 225 Goodlad, J., 659, 665 Goodman, R., 33 Goodrum, D., 737, 739 739 Gopinathan, S., 257, 259, 260, 264,

265, 271 Gorbachev, M., 446 Gordon, C., 99 Gore, J. M., 665 Gough, N., 734, 738 Gow, L., 647 Graham-Brown, S., 635 Graney, K., 375 Grant, N., 209, 373, 696, 697 Green, A., 3, 195, 198, 256, 297, 303,

304, 426, 684, 717, 723 Greene, M., 711 Gregorian, V., 378 Grieshaber-Otto, J., 463, 465, 469,

470, 471, 475, 476 Griffin, K., 96, 100 Griffiths, G., 507 Grimes, B, 551 Grit, K., 193 Gronn, P., 285 Grossberg, L., 510, 511 Groves, M., 328 Grubb, W., 717 Grund, S., 661 Grundy, S., 659, 665, 666 Gu, M., 43 Guare, R. E., 288 Gui, Q., 37 Gunning, J., 523 Gupta, S., 119 Gurr, D., 103 Guttman, C., 462 Habermas, J., 94 Hacking, M., 737 Haddad, W., 53, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62 Hadfield, M., 673 Hagstrom, W.O., 621 Hahn, C. L., 399

Hall, S., 297, 301, 508, 509, 660 Hallak, J., 257 Hallinger, P., 672 Halls, W. D., 37 Haltre, J., 648 Hammond, R., 660 Hammouda, H. B., 102 Handy, C. B., 284 Hannan M. T., 444 Hans, N., 39, 344 Hanson, M., 434, 582, 585 Hanushek, E., 119, 418 Haq, K., 518 Harber, C., 635, 636, 639 Harby, M., 12 Harding, S., 738 Hardy, S. G., 648 Hargreaves, A., 281, 288, 290 Harlen, W., 739, 740 Harris, A., 65, 287, 674 Hartley, D., 197 Hartridge, D., 222 Hartz, L., 444 Harvey, D., 284, 317 Has, K., 540 Hatton, M., 17 Haus, L., 225 Havighurst, R. J., 39 Havrylyshyn, O., 230 Hawes, H., 10, 13, 16, 17 Hayashi, S., 395, 396 Hayhoe, R., 43 Haynes, J., 94, 378, 379, 380 Hearnden, A., 449 Heflin, L. J., 649 Hegarty, S., 643 Heidegger, G., 72 Heilbroner, R., 542 Held, D., 35, 36, 45, 46, 236, 294, 299,

432, 443, 503, 504, 505, 506 Heleniak, T., 408 Heller, M., 557 Henderson, J., 95, 660 Hendrich, 68, 72 Henry, M., 256 Henry, J., 570

AUTHOR INDEX 763

Hepburn, M.A., 620 Herbart, J. F., 449 Hernes, G., 58 Hesselbein, F., 680 Hettne, B., 101 Heyneman, S. P., 15, 587 Hickling-Hudson, 121 Hickox, M., 717 Higginson, J. H., 24 Hill, P., 673 Himel, M., 660 Hinkson, J., 317, 322 Hirsch, D., 17, 427, 465 Hirst, P., 95, 101, 379 Ho, W.K., 265 Hobsbawm, E., 443 Hodkinson, P., 81 Hoffmann, B., 72 Holmarsdottir, H. B., 561 Holmes, B., 378, 412 Holsinger, D.H., 619 Hölttä, S., 199 Hoogvelt, A., 295, 297, 504, 520, 521,

615Hoppers, W., 17, 116 Horton, P., 319 Hoskyns, C., 343 Houston, D., 646 Hovey, H., 162 Howard, J., 214 Hudson, D. M., 210, 213, 648, 694 Hughes, M. T., 652 Hultin, M., 339 Humboldt, W. von , 191 Huntington, S., 380 Huq, K, 529 Hurd, P. d., 737, 740 Hurvitz, N., 377 Husen, T., 9, 12, 13, 16, 17 Husén, T., 338 Hussein, M. G., 385 Hutcheon, L., 507 Hutchins, T., 662 Hyug, B I, 155 Iglesias, E. V., 520 Ignatieff, M., 621

Iliescu, I., 225 Ilon, L., 111, 119 Immerwahr, J., 162 Ingersoll, R.M., 673 Inglehart, R., 95, 99, 282 Inkeles, A., 614, 689 Inoki, T., 56 Irina, J., 160 Ismagilova, N., 375 Issitt, M., 75 Izquierdo, M., 437 Jaballah, H., 385 Jacobs, S., 643 James, S., 644 Jameson, F., 317, 733, 735, 742 James-Wilson, S., 288, 644 Janowitz, M., 746 Jansen, J., 247 Jarrar, S. A., 380 Jarvis, P., 192, 195, 196, 617 Jayal, N. G., 101, 102 Jayasuriya, J., 14, 17 Jelin, E., 618 Jenkins, L., 651 Jennings, Z., 14, 17 Jobbing, A., 648 Jobbins, D., 342 Jobert, A., 719, 725 Joekes, S., 296 John, M. Synge, 570 Johnson, H., 2, 4 Johnson, B., 65, 70, 72, 82, 83, 249,

661Jones, P., 119, 148, 559, 561 Jullien, M.-A., 23, 337 Jupp, J., 211 Kabir, H., 12, 17 Kachur, J., 474 Kahl, R., 330 Kamberelis, G., 733 Kamens, D. H., 593 Kampmeier, 69 Kanaev, A., 368 Kandel, H., 13, 17, 37, 58 Karumanchery, L. L., 644 Katz, J., 39

764 AUTHOR INDEX

Kauffman, J. M., 644, 651, 692 Kaunda, K., 157 Kavale, K. A., 651 Kavanagh, M., 663 Keast, D. A., 197 Keating, J., 717 Keep, E., 78 Kelleher, M., 679 Keller-Herzog, 296 Kelly, 66, 502 Kelsey, J., 231 Kemmemer, F., 95 Kendrick, J. W., 518 Kennedy, P., 446, 576 Kenway, J., 316, 346 Kerr, C., 613 Kersh, N., 72, 79 Keynan, H. A., 383 Keys, C. W., 740 Khattab, N., 751 Khor, M., 299, 300 Kickert, W., 322 Kidder, U., 540 Kiesler, S., 285 Killick, T., 519 Kimmel, M., 634 King, E., 39, 40, 113, 116, 117, 344,

406, 587 Kipp, S., 211 Kirby, M., 217 Kirchner, J.W., 625 Kirdar, U., 518, 529 Kisiliov, A., 419 Kitaev, I. V., 244 Klaus, D., 549, 554 Klieme, E., 328 Klinge, M., 198 Klinger, J. K., 652 Knight, S. Wiseman, 660 Knost, P., 243, 244, 450 Kobayashi, T., 58 Kogan, M., 200, 338 Kohn, A., 594 Koike, K., 56 Kolodko, G. W., 226 Koloskov, A., 697, 708, 709

Komesaroff, L., 662 Kondratjeva, M.A., 244 Kontiainen, 79 Kooimann, J., 95, 101, 102 Kramer, M., 379 Kraut, R., 285 Kremer, M., 587 Kreuger, R., 672 Krönner, H., 56 Kuehn, L., 457, 586 Kurganskaia, V., 373 Kwesi, Kwaa Prah, 551 Kyle, W. C., 735, 741 Ladd, H. F., 586, 588, 590 Lahtinen, I., 199 Lakoff, S., 131 Laksmanan, A., 99 Lal, D., 221 Lall, S., 304 Lamb, S., 749 Lambert, L., 660 Lane, B., 586, 590 Lankshea, C., 72 Larrivee, B., 649 Larsen, K., 472 Lash, S., 317 Lasky, 288 Lasswell, H., 6 Lather, P., 283 Lauglo, J., 583, 584, 593 Lawlor, H., 502 Le Cornu, R., 661 Leahy, C., 660 Leclerq, J.-M., 37 Lecos, M., 660 Lee, E. F. J., 43, 50, 208, 260, 264, 271 Lehmann, O., 690 Leithwood, K., 592, 600, 601, 610,

670, 672 Lelièvre, C., 591 Lemanowski, V., 735 Lemieux, V., 591 Lenin, V., 696 Lenz, K., 648 Leonardi, R.L., 716 Lerner, D., 6

AUTHOR INDEX 765

Leslie, L., 269, 467 Leung, A., 271 Levandovski, A., 709 Levin, H., 428, 437 Levine, D.H., 619, 620, 622 Levinson, B., 288, 436 Levy, D. C., 131, 619 Lewis, M., 660 Li, J., 249 Liedman, S., 151 Liess, E., 660 Lin, N., 747, 750, 753 Lindsay, G., 646 Lingard, B., 100, 256, 733 Lingens, H. G., 330 Linz, J., 625 Lipset, S. M., 689 Lipsky, D., 651 Lisovskaya, E., 619 Little, J. W., 591, 646 Livingstone, D., 705 Lockheed, M., 418, 519, 521, 523, 526 Logue, J., 447 Looney, R., 4 Loury, G., 746 Lubbers, R. F. M., 57 Lucas, T., 660 Lundmark, V., 285 Lundvall, B.-A., 65, 70, 72, 82, 83 Lunt, I., 285 Lupart, J. l., 646 Luschen, G., 3, 6, 9, 11, 17, 18, 502 Lyotard, J.-F., 197 MacBeath, J., 282, 407 Macintosh, D., 13 Mader, P., 661 Madigan, T. J., 745 Magida, M., 358 Mahathir, M., 208 Maimunah, S., 385 Mainwaring, S., 618 Makdisi, G., 377, 381, 384 Makoni, S. B., 552 Malkova, Z., 14 Mallison, V., 378 Mamdani, M., 507

Mangan, J., 502 Mangum, G., 111, 523, 533 Manley, M, 59 Mannin, M., 101 Marc-Antoine J., 37 Marcuse, H., 414 Marginson, S., 44, 57, 254, 256, 318,

670, 672 Marshall, T. H., 448, 518 Martin, D., 380, 472, 660 Martínez, R., 138 Martin-Jones, M., 557 Maseko, S., 299, 300 Maskin, V. V., 586 Masquelier, A., 378 Massialas, B. G., 380 Mastropieri, M. A., 647, 648, 649 Maxine G., 513 May, S., 510 Mayer, M., 96, 300, 454 Mayes, P. B., 288 Mazrui, A., 300, 305, 306 Mazurek, K., 643, 647 Mbeki, T., 297, 299 Mbembe, A., 507 McCarty, L., 439 McCoy, J.L., 618 McCullough, M., 665 McDermott, R., 285 McDowell, D., 10, 115 McEwan, P. J., 588, 594 McGarry, J., 209 McGaw, B., 329 McGhee, M., 282, 283, 288 McGinn, N. F., 94, 100, 101, 102, 419,

422, 585, 591, 619 McGrew, A., 36, 379, 503 McIntosh, C., 38 McLaren, P., 511, 734 McLaughlin, D., 670 McLean, M., 378, 405, 692 McLuhan, M., 423 McNay, M., 739 McGrath, S., 113, 116, 117 McWilliam, E., 288 Mead, G. H., 746

766 AUTHOR INDEX

Mehrangiz, N., 619 Meijer, C. J., 643 Melchers, R., 471 Mellor, E., 643 Meloen, J. D., 620 Menem, C. S., 131 Mennerick, L.A., 619 Menzies, T., 592 Mercer, K., 511 Merritt, R.L., 716 Messner, D., 96, 99 Meyer, J., 444, 593, 625 Michaels, W., 576 Mike, H., 599 Millar, R., 737, 740 Miller, G., 55, 209, 648 Mina, L., 139 Minson, J., 694 Mintrop, H., 619 Mishina, I., 710 Mitchell, D., 6 Mitter, W., 1, 2, 5, 7, 17, 343, 367 Mohr, J., 749 Mok, K.H., 174, 177, 254, 264, 268,

271Mollis, M., 44 Molnar, A., 473 Monchar, P.H., 622 Monkman, K., 461 Moock, P., 408 Moodley, K., 306 Moos, L., 282 Morales-Gómez, D. A., 131 Morgenthau, H.-J., 621 Morris, P., 119, 121, 472, 735 Morriss, S.B., 259 Morrow, R., 94, 96, 120, 733, 734 Morse, W. C., 650 Morsi, M. M., 385 Moscati, R., 724 Mostert, M. P., 651 Moulián, T., 223 Muganda, C., 300 Mukopadhyay, T., 285 Mulford, W., 670 Mumford, L., 53

Murdock, G. P., 622 Musarskii, M. M., 586 Mwinsheikhe, H. M., 557, 560 Myers-Scotton, C., 559 Nabeshima, Y., 395, 396 Naik, J., 14, 17 Najcevska, M., 635 Nakajima, N., 37 Nash, M., 621 Nasr, S. H., 383 Nasson, B., 502 Ndoye, M., 520, 529 Neave, G., 320 Needler, M.C., 619 Neidhart, H., 674 Nekhwevha, F., 503 Nelson, S., 288 Nelson, M., 357 Newson, J., 467 Ngwane, Z., 513 Niall, B., 575 Nickel, J. W., 362 Nicolas, G., 383 Niemi, R.G., 620 Ninnes, P., 734, 739 Nisbet, R., 194 Niyozov, S., 370, 380 Noah, H. J., 23, 24, 42, 43 Norris, N., 75 Ntuli, P., 304 Nussbaum, M., 440 Nyang, S. S., 379 Nyerere, J., 152 O’Neil, J., 240 Obanya P., 549 Ochs, K., 24, 26, 28, 32, 33 Offe, C., 95, 98 Okuma-Nyström, M. K., 384 Olson, L., 643, 740 Olssen, M., 147 Oni, B., 384 Onwioduokit, E. A, 525 Ooman, T.K., 210 Orata, P., 12 Ordorika, I., 138 Ornstein, A. C., 240

AUTHOR INDEX 767

Osborne, M. D., 735, 737, 740 Osbourne, A., 342 Oscar, W., 570 Osler, A., 389 Ostrovskii, V., 709 Overy, R., 697, 709 Oxfam, 112 Ozga, J., 325 Pai, S., 101, 102 Palomba, D., 341 Panov, V., 453 Park K., 395, 396, 746 Perkins, C., 114 Parry, L., 282, 283 Partridge, 372, 373, 374 Passeron, J-C., 413, 705, 746 Passow, H., 415 Patrinos, H. A., 99 Patterson, M., 285 Paulston, R. G., 41, 422 Pearson, 474 Pedhazur-Schmelkin, L., 652 Peng, L., 249 Pennycook, A., 306 Pereira, L., 585, 591 Perraton, J., 503 Perronet, J.-R., 59 Perry, C., 662 Pescador, O., 41 Peters, J., 659, 661, 662 Phillips, D., 24, 25, 26, 28, 32, 33 Phillipson, R., 210, 306 Piburn, M. D., 735 Picht, G., 330 Pierre, J., 96, 101, 102 Piji, S. J., 643 Pithers, R. T., 648 Pitts, D., 399 Pius XII, 345 Plank, D.N., 619 Polanyi, 65 Pong, S.-L., 749, 751 Pope Pius XI, 345 Popen, S., 282 Popkewitz, T. S., 99, 100, 423 Porter, J., 576, 636

Post, D., 624, 749 Postman, N., 423 Power, T., 677 Prah, K. K., 551, 552, 553, 554 Prakash, G., 507, 509, 514 Prazauskas, A., 368 Preobrazhenskii, A., 706, 710 Preston, B., 673 Prichett, L., 115 Prophet, R., 557 Prosser, 423 Psacharopoulos, G., 4, 11, 116, 427,

594Purnell, S., 646 Purpel, 423 Putnam, R. D., 747, 753 Qorro, M., 555 Quirke, L., 471 Rahman, A., 12 Rainbird, H., 65, 73 Rama, G., 14 Ramirez, F., 613 Ramsden, 423, 424 Rassool, N., 306 Readings, B., 194 Reagan, T., 247 Recum, H., 10 Reimers, F., 435, 521 Renaut, A., 191 Renaut, A., 191, 196 Rennie, L., 737 Rheingold, 290 Rhoades, G., 139, 144 Rhodes, G., 254 Rhoten, D., 32, 44 Richards, S. B., 649 Richmond, A., 210, 739 Riddell, A., 304 Riehl, C., 670, 672 Rifkin, J., 52 Riley, R. W., 158, 282 Rival, L., 619 Rivarola, M., 583, 589, 591, 592 Rizvi, F., 256, 733 Roach, V., 645

768 AUTHOR INDEX

Robertson, S. L., 100, 103, 112, 255, 317, 443, 457, 460, 462, 472, 613

Robins, 196 Robinson, J., 751 Robison, J., 659 Robson, M., 662 Rodriguez, A. J., 739 Rojas, P., 229, 594 Romero, C.A., 223 Rondinelli, D. A., 419 Roos, J.P., 201 Root, H. J., 519 Rose, R., 147, 688 Ross, A., 738 Rossiter, C., 444 Roth, 96 Rothblatt, S., 151 Roucek, J., 14 Roy-Campbell, Z. M., 552, 554 Rozanski, M., 602, 605 Rubagumya, C., 551, 557, 559, 561 Rubenson, K., 467 Rudduck, J., 663 Runciman, W.G., 622 Rust, V. D., 41, 242, 243, 244, 449,

450Ryba, R., 341 Rybakov, B., 706, 710 Sabo, D., 317 Sachs, J., 661 Sadler, M., 24, 33, 37 Safire, W., 216 Safran, W., 209, 210 Saha, L. J., 752 Said, E., 507, 508, 513 Saint, 160 Sakamoto, A., 82 Sakharov, A., 707 Sale, K., 281 Salmi, J., 634 Samoff, J., 3, 25, 297, 356, 502, 615 Samuel, J., 502 Sánchez, R., 437 Sandholtz, J., 660 Sandiford, P., 37 Sanger, M., 470, 475

Santiago, P., 673 Sanz, F., 44 Sarchielli, G., 725 Saroyan, M., 371 Sartori, G., 615 Sassen, S., 209 Sasso, G. M., 651 Saul, J. R., 96 Sauvé, 230, 231, 465, 471 Savelev, S. G., 586 Sawano, Y., 17 Saxby-Smith, 72 Scanlon, D., 648 Schacht, J., 378 Schack, G., 660 Schelling, F. W. J., 191 Schemo, D. J., 329 Scherlis, W., 285 Schiefelbein, P., 435 Schilit, J., 649 Schirokova, G., 243, 453 Schizzerotto, A., 716, 718 Schmidt, M., 288 Schmookler, J., 518 Schneider, H., 99, 101, 746 Schröder, G., 332 Schugurensky, D., 131, 460, 461, 467 Schultz, T. W., 5, 246, 518, 542 Schulz, W., 690 Schumaker, J. B., 648 Schumm, J. S., 652 Schwartz, S., 222 Schweisfurth, M., 636 Schwille, J., 620, 688, 712 Scott, P., 194, 650 Scruggs, 647, 648, 649 Sealey, R., 662, 665 Sean, C., 570 Secchi, C., 716, 724 Secombe, M. J., 210, 211, 213 Selvaratnam, V., 259 Semmel, M., 651 Sen, A., 540 Senge, P. M., 289, 592 Seban, A., 153 Sergiovanni, T. J., 289

AUTHOR INDEX 769

Serpell, R., 554 Shabad, S., 619 Shadriko, V. D., 693 Shain, F., 348 Shaker, E., 472, 473 Shakespeare, W., 570 Shavit, Y., 718 Shchetinin, V. P., 586 Shchetinov, Y., 709 Sheldon, K., 240 Sherman, M., 159 Shibata, M., 33 Shibuya, M., 41 Schiefelbein, E., 435 Shiman, D., 399 Shor, I., 428 Siddique, N. A., 102 Silins, H., 670 Sinclair, S., 231, 282, 463, 465, 469,

471, 476 SinclairG., 663 Singer, P., 676 Sinyavsky, A., 446 Sklair, L., 96, 612 Skutnabb-Kangas, T., 210 Slaughter, S., 144, 269, 467 Slayton, J., 733 Slomczynski, K. M., 619 Smedley, L., 659, 663, 665, 666 Smith, D.H., 614, 648, 659, 689 Smolicz, J. J., 210, 211, 213 Smyth, J., 288 Snively, G., 738 Snow, D., 647 Soete, L., 96 Sokolovski, S., 369 Soumaré, A., 41 Spiewack, M., 329 Spry, G., 679 Srinivasan, T. N., 223 Stalin, J., 697 Stanat, P., 328 Stange, E.-M., 331 Stanley, J. C., 711 Starobinskaia, G., 708 Starratt, R. J., 288, 289

Stasz, C., 717 Steedman, H., 717 Stellwag, H., 4 Stepan, A., 625 Steuwe, R., 334 Stevenson, H. W., 751 Stewart, S., 637 Stigle, J. W., 751 Stigler, J. W., 751 Stiglitz, J., 317, 506 Stoer, S. R., 733 Stoll, L., 423 Story, J., 96, 100 Streeck, W., 717 Stromquist, N.P., 338, 339, 340, 461 Sugrue, C., 281 Summy, R., 322 Sung, J., 519 Suppes, P., 711 Sutherland, M. B., 346 Sutton, M., 288, 436 Sveiby, K., 56 Sweet, R., 717 Switlick, D. M., 649 Tabachnick, R., 423 Tabb, W., 222 Tadadjeu, M., 555, 563 Tai, R. H., 750 Tait, K., 648 Takala, T., 522 Talbani, A., 381, 382 Tan, J., 15, 261, 262, 264, 270, 271 Tanzi, V., 119 Taylor, R., 97, 198, 256, 290, 315,

322, 362, 583, 649 Tedesco, J., 14 Teese, R., 724, 748 Teitel, L., 660 Teo, C.H., 273 Tesla, N., 54 Thomas, R.M., 46, 101, 652 Thomas, H., 570 Thompson, N., 281, 379 Tibawi, A. L., 384 Tibbet, S., 506 Tibbitts, F., 397

770 AUTHOR INDEX

Tiburcio, L., 521, 523 Tickly, L., 44 Tiffin, H., 507 Tikly, L. L., 294, 295, 297, 302, 306,

502Tjaden, G. S., 50, 52 Tjiptoheriyanto, P., 208 Tobias, A., 287 Toennies, F., 614 Toffler, A., 52 Toktomyshev, S., 374 Tomazos, D., 659 Tomlinson, 649, 733 Torney-Purta, J., 437, 620, 688, 690,

712Torres, C., 18, 44, 46, 94, 96, 120, 131,

461, 467, 733, 734 Touraine, A., 193 Townsend, T., 98, 273 Trattner, W. I., 447 Treagust, D., 740 Treder, D. W., 650 Trewin, D., 212 Trigwell, 423 Troshkina, N., 409 Trotsky, 702 Trow, M., 151 Tsang, W.K., 261 Tsie, B., 300 Tsui, K. T., 174, 177 Tumarkin, N., 706 Tung, C.-H., 168 Turner, D. A., 88 Turner, B. S., 380 Unwin, L., 66, 76 Urry, J., 317 Vail, C. O., 650 Vale, P., 299, 300 Valenzuela, A., 618 Välimaa, J., 198, 199 Van Daele, H., 37 Vanleuven, D. M., 648 Varas, A., 618 Varenne, H., 285 Vaughn, S., 649, 652 Vaugn, J. C., 747

Vente, R. E., 208, 594 Verba, S., 94, 619 Verhoeven, M., 119 Verspoor, A., 519, 521, 523, 526 Vincent, K., 389 Vinogradov, V., 693 Voskresenskaia, N., 405,692 Waite, D., 282, 283, 284, 286, 287,

288Walker, J., 6, 660 Wallerstein, I., 614 Walling, B., 660 Wang, C., 37 Ward, J., 647, 652 Warnoch, F., 378 Waters, M., 96, 379, 443 Watson, K., 44, 119, 306, 502, 574,

589, 591, 610 Weaver, J. A., 735 Weber, M., 287, 289, 614 Wehlage, G., 423 Weil, A., 625 Weiler, H. N., 9, 98, 421 Weiner, H., 471 Weingartner, C., 423 Weinstein, M., 738 Welch, A. R., 7, 44, 617 Wellington, J., 76 Wells, A. S., 733, 734 Welsh, T., 94, 102, 419 Wenger, 65 Werth, N., 697 Wesolowski, W., 98 West, L., 586 Westley, D., 551 Whit, S. J., 576 White, R. E., 282, 508, 614 Whittaker, R., 342 Whitty, G., 256 Whyte, J., 346 Wichmann, J., 450 Wignaraja, G., 304 Wilczenski, 649, 650 Wilensky, H., 447 Williams, C., 2, 17, 622, 684 Willis, P., 705

AUTHOR INDEX 771

Wilson, D.N., 45, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 417, 418, 733

Winzer, 642, 643, 647 Wiseman, A., 18, 317, 660 Wisniewski, L., 649 Wolf, T., 230 Wolfensohn, J., 304 Woodhouse, H.R., 626 Woodward, T., 473 Woodward, H., 663 Wordsworth, W., 502 World Bank, 519, 529 Wright, H., 513 Wypjewski, J. A., 431 Xiao, J., 249 Yahia, O., 383 Yanow, D., 358 Yearwood, B., 660 Yeatman, A., 318, 319, 661 Yew, L. K., 208

Yoloye, E. A., 247 Youdell, D., 283 Young, R., 7, 621 Yu, J., 37 Yung, C.S.S., 43 Zajda, J., 1, 3, 17, 696, 692 Zakharova, E., 708 Zariski, R., 719 Zebadua, 131Zeng, 749 Zhang, R., 37 Zharova, L., 710 Zigmond, N., 651, 652 Zine, J., 644 Zitner, A., 289 Zogla, 583, 591 Zouain, G., 385 Zubenko, V., 223 Zymek, B., 33 Zyrianov, P., 707

773

SUBJECT INDEX

1910 Revolution, 436 1922 NSW primary syllabus, 575 1987 Education Reform Bill, 659 19th century India, 568 28-country study, 438 A Nation at Ris, 239 AAPDF, 358 abilities, 78 ability to reason (‘Aql), 378 aboriginal education, 600 Aboriginal people, 354 absolute, 633 academic accountability, 599 academic achievement, 2, 327, 341,

426, 437, 588, 644 academic autonomy, 193, 199 academic calendar, 437 academic culture, 142 academic curriculum, 727 academic degrees, 163 academic elite, 330 academic performance, 408, 411, 417 academic principles of the universities,

241academic quality, 162 academic standards, 426, 724 academic, 157, 327, 334, 411, 607 Academics, 143 Academy of Education, 708 academy, 241 acceptance of immigrants, 438 Access education reforms, 417 access on the basis of class, 471 access to education, 471 access to schooling, 370

access, 406, 417, 420, 686 accountabilit, 639, 672 accountability framework, 178 accountability measures, 434 accountability, 92, 141, 142, 149, 153,

162, 165, 166, 167, 173, 178, 180, 189, 421, 586, 595, 644, 648, 658, 673, 676, 737, 741

accountable, 246, 591 Accounting, 138 Accreditation of Prior Experiential

Learning, 342 Accreditation procedures, 410 accreditation, 141 accredited teacher education program,

601acculturated pupils, 623 acculturated students, 623 accumulated labor, 745 achievement outcomes, 652 achievement, 327, 334, 411, 636 acquired knowledge, 381 acquired, 381 acquisition of valued speaking skills,

751active citizenship, 712 active support of parent, 590 actively participate, 590 adaptation, 490 Adaptive Education, 483 adjustment policies, 520, 522, 529, 530 adjustment, 113 administration and governance grant,

604administration, 138

774 SUBJECT INDEX

administrative control, 592 administrators, 436, 439 adopted, 245 adopting curricular, 582 Adult and Continuing Education, 60 adult education, 474 adult learners, 65 adult learning processes, 82 adult learning, 60, 68 adult training centres, 726 Advanced, 578 advantaged peers, 435 advertising, 158 Advisory Committee on School-based

Management, 168 Advisory Committee on Teacher

Education and Qualifications (ACTEQ), 169

Affirmative Action Act, 353 affirmative action legislation, 356 Affirmative Action Policy

Development Forum (AAPDF), 358 affirmative action, 92, 249, 351, 352,

353, 685 affluent areas, 606 Afghanistan, 344, 378, 385, 689 Africa, 43, 109, 113, 114, 117, 122,

125, 126, 157, 159, 246, 481, 517, 520, 528, 533, 547, 563, 582

African children, 483 African countries, 346 African decision makers, 482 African educationists, 549 African higher education, 152 African history, 481 African languages, 549, 551, 553 African majority language, 554 African missionary converts, 552 African National Congress (ANC), 357 African nations, 545, 574 African neo-colonial borders, 553 African parents, 550 African policy makers, 160 African schools, 550 African societies, 528 African text-book marke, 550

African universities, 152 African vernaculars, 552 African-Americans, 687 Africans, 245, 354, 363 Afro-Caribbean boys, 90 aggression, 631 Agricultura, 485 agricultural revolution, 52 agriculture competition, 544 Agüero, 618, 624, 625, 626 AIDS patients, 439 AIDS, 247, 495 aims, content, practices, outcomes, 185 air brushing, 703 Akan, 553 Akim, 553 Akuapim, 553 Al-Azhar, 384 Alberta, 473, 608 alienation, 198, 414, 424 Allah, 371 Almond, 686, 688 Alternative curricula, 405 alternative non-elected continental

governing structure, 457 America, 144, 159, 618 American agriculture, 543 American colonies, 543, 544 American consumers, 544 American Council for Education, 464 American Economic Association, 246 American educational system, 689 American farm subsidies, 544 American Federation of Teachers

(AFT), 451 American higher education, 242 American model, 135 American model, the 193 American Peace Corp, 560 American society, 616 American television, 501 American universities, 193 American, 736, 751 Americanisation, 134, 375 Americans with Disabilities Act of

1990, 353

SUBJECT INDEX 775

Amharic, 551 Amnesty International USA, 399 analogy, (qias), 378 analysts, 141 anarchism, 584 ANC African National Congress, 492 Ancien Régime, 591 andragogy, 51 anglicisatio, 569 Anglo-Irish literature, 571 Anglo-Irish texts, 570 Anglo-Irish writers, 569 annual growth rate, 495 annual inflation rate, 433 anti-British sentiment, 569 antidiscrimination language, 360 anti-discrimination, 685 anti-hierarchical school, 690 anti-intellectual, 577 anti-positivism, 17 anti-racism, 634 antiviral medicines, 439 apartheid government, 552 Apollo Group, 472 Appiah, 506 applied research, 461 Apprenticeship, 244 approach, 180 Arab States, the 41 Arab traders, 493 Arabic alphabet, 382 Arabic letters, 382 Arabic schools, 384 Arabic, 383 arabo-islamic culture, 380 Arbitu, 723 Archaeology of Knowledge, 694 Archaeology of Knowledge, The 490 architecture, 138 Argentina, 59, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135,

137, 144, 402, 435 Argentinian economy, 514 Aries, 452 Aristotelian perception, 190 Aristotle, 615, 685, 686 Aristotlean syllogism, 85

Arizona State University, 473 Arnove, 110, 582 art and literature knowledge, 752 Article 1.3 ‘exclusion’, 471 artificial intelligence, 631 ascriptive characteristics, 685 Asia Pacific Free Trade Agreement APEC, the 612 Asia, 43, 384, 385, 582 Asian Miracle, 518 Asian schools, 751 Asian societies, 44, 751 Asian Tigers, 518, 521 Asian-Pacific regions, 504 Asia-Pacific, 166, 393 Asociación Argentina de Educación

Comparada, 40 Asociación Colombiana de Educación

Comparada, 40 Asociación de Pedagogos de Cuba, 40 ASP created School Councils Consejos

Directivo, 589 Asperger’s syndrome, 642 assessing by, 667 Assessment Improvement Monitor

(AIM), 737 assessment of democratisation, 626 assessment, 28, 66, 67, 248, 346, 624,

626assessments of democracy, 616 assimilation of contraries, 513 assimilation, 24, 348 assimilationist, 378 Assistantship, 485 Association for the Advancement of

Science, 736 Association of African Universities, the 153 Association of Independent Schools of

Victoria, 662 Association pour le Développement

des Échanges Internationales et de la Comparaison en Éducation, 40

asymmetries in development, 458 attainment, 406

776 SUBJECT INDEX

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 642

attitude, 78, 170, 623, 690 attractors, 632 attributes, 78 austerity programs, 521 austerity, 524 Australasia, 43 Australia, 40, 59, 67, 157, 250, 356,

358, 386, 415, 472, 580, 608, 647, 658, 659, 660, 663, 668, 670, 736, 739

Australian Catholic primary schools, 677

Australian child, 575 Australian educational system, 574 Australian educators, 482 Australian history syllabuses, 568 Australian history, 575 Australian public schooling, 575 Australian schools, 667 Australian soldiers in World War 11,

568Australian States, 575 Australian text lists, 580 Australian, 568 Austria, 67, 396 authentic, 60 authoritarian regimes, 461 authoritarian schools, 635 authoritarian, 248, 690 authority of the monarchy, 569 authority, 194, 240, 582, 694 Automated Process Control, 54 autonom, 461 autonomous schools, 589 autonomous, 508 autonomy, 138, 141, 142, 157, 179,

196, 200, 237, 240, 249, 334, 586, 591

availabilitity, 487 Aymara, 623 Azerbaija, 378, 450 Bacon, 569 Badakhshan Autonomous Province

(MBAP), 371

Bakke case, 357 balance their budgets, 605 balanced budget, 605 balanced control, 592 Balewa, 524 balkanisation, 467 Balkans, the 635 Baltic Republics, 242 Baluchistan, 11 Bangkok, 394 bargaining units, 587 barriers in employment, 353 barriers to learning, 680 barriers to trade, 467 Bashkirs, 373 Basic Curriculum, 417 basic education basic education, 127, 471, 466, 524,

549basic Islamic education, 382 Basic Law, the 330 basic righ, 588 basics, the 451 Basis for Choice, 74 Bauman Moscow Higher Technical

School, 244 Bauzon, 619 Bayart, 481, 482, 489, 490, 492, 493,

496BBC News, 483 BBC, 493 behavioural disorders, 642, 649 behavioural problems, 603 Bello, 439 Bely Dom, 699 Bemba-speaking families, 554 beneficiaries of the Act, 354 Bereday, 449 Beruf, 67, 74 Bhabha, 512 Biasini Commission, 720 Biedendorf, 335 biennio unico, 720 bilingual programs, 239 bilingual, 623 bilingualism, 750

SUBJECT INDEX 777

biology, 345 Biotechnology, 55 Bismarck, 447 bloated education administrations, 599 board lockouts, 606 Board of National Education, 574 boarding schools, 249 boards, 605 Bok, 241 Bolivi, 622 Bologna agreement, 342 Bologna Declaration, 238 Bologna University, 384 Bolshevik coup, 699 Boma, 489 Boomerang Book of Australian Poetry,

576Bosnia-Herzegovina, 635 Boss, 726 Botswana, 123, 557 bottom up, 584 bottom-up strategies, 582 Bourdie, 747 Bourdieu, 413, 747, 748, 749 Bowling Alone, 753 brain drain, 157 Brazil, 40, 41, 135, 136, 432, 433, 436,

633Brazzaville, 152 breeding, 375 Brickman, 449 Britain, 37, 72, 413, 483, 586 British authors, 580 British Colonial Government, 530 British colonial period, 493 British Columbia, 472, 608 British culture, 569 British Empire, 575 British imperialist culture, 575 British male authors, 569 British public school education, 575 British rule, 569 British, 378 Briton, 429 Brock-Utne, 247, 552 Brong, 553

budgetary cuts, 459, 526 budgetary deficits, 433 Buenos Aires, 133 building, 110, 114 Bulgaria, 688 Burbules, 144 Burkina Faso, 402, 590 Burundi, 561 business management, 250 Business Processes Resource Centre,

56Business Processing Reengineering, 56 Buzo, 576 CAD, 54 Cain and Abel, 538 Cairo, 384 Calcutta, 501 California Institute of Technology, 56 California, 237 Calvert, 462 Cambodia, 402, 432 Cambridge Certificate, 484 Cambridge School Certificate, 484 Cameroon, 124, 482 Canada, 37, 39, 40, 50, 59, 61, 358,

459, 460, 466, 470 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 600, 603, 608, 609, 646, 648

Canada’s Employment Equity Act, 357 Canadian and International Education,

38Canadian Association of University

Teachers, 474 Canadian Centre for Policy

Alternatives, 472 Canadian Charter of Rights, 354 Canadian Department of Foreign

Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT), 467

Canadian education, 457, 459 Canadian Employment Equity Act

(EEA) of 1986, 354 Canadian employment equity

legislation, 363 Canadian Human Rights Commission,

354

778 SUBJECT INDEX

Canadian school boards, 471 Canadian teachers, 648 Canadian traditions, 457 Cape Palmas, 151 Capek, 54 capital accumulation, 459 capital resources, 542 capital, 155, 413, 417, 427, 505 Capitalisation, 541 capitalism, 16, 118 capitalist democratisation, 617 capitalist economy, 149, 157, 164 capitalist political economy, 149 Cárdenas, 132 Cardinal Newman, 194 career decisions, 681 Caribbean, the 458 caring, 78 Carlin, 671 Carnoy, 112, 587 CASAS, 553, 554 case, 492 cash crops, 494 castes, 52 Catholic Church, 679 Catholic education authorities, 675,

681Catholic Education Office (CEO), 671 Catholic education, 670 Catholic Educational Leadership at

Australian Catholic University (ACU), 670

Catholic identity, 671 Catholic primary, 671 Catholic principals, 670, 680 Catholic schooling, 679 Catholic schools, 345, 670, 671, 674,

676, 677, 678, 681 Catholic students, 345 Catholic values in the schools, 585 Catholic, 247 Catholics, 586 cattle, 494 CEDEFO, 717 Center for Quality Assurance in

International Education, 464

Central America, 431, 460 Central Asia sub-region, 368 Central Asia, 367, 370, 372, 373, 375,

376Central Asian nationalities, 373 central curriculum, 238 Central Europe, 243, 450, 453 central government, 582 central platform approach, 180, 185 central state, 240 Central, 244, 688, 706 centralisation of functions, 240 centralisation policies, 591 centralisation, 91, 405, 582, 600, 734 centralisation/decentralisation, 18 centralised financing, 434 centralised model, 594 centralised, 587, 595 centralising regulations, 240 centralist authority, 421 Centre Europ en Pour L’Enseignement

Sup rieur – European Centre for Higher Education, 338

Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society (CASAS), 551

Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (CERI), 464, 466

Chagga Chiefs, 482 Change, 711 changing schools, 165 charismatic leadership, 621 charms omamori, 749 charter school, 473, 588 Charters, 586 cheating in examinations, 636 Chemistry, 138 Chernov, 701 Chiapa, 432 Chicago School, 470 Chief Mushota, 489 chief, 489 child soldiers, 637, 638 child, 390 child-centred curriculum, 461 child-centred, 243 childhood education, 169

SUBJECT INDEX 779

children rights, 380 children with special needs, 649, 650 children’s educational attainments, 749 Chile, 237, 435, 472, 587, 588, 604,

625Chilean program, 587 China, 43, 58, 149, 159, 165, 166, 177,

248, 250, 394, 493, 586, 588, 749 Chinese Communist Party, 249 Chinese Education and Research

Network, 249 Chinese educational policies, 249 Chinese government, 249 Chinese language, 249 Chinese society, 249 Chinese traditions, 43 Chinese universities, 249 choice, 236, 241, 242, 427, 586, 603,

687, 690 Chomsky, 459 Christian, 380, 386, 584, 752 Christianity of Ethiopia, 493 Christianity, 190, 344, 481, 614 Chronicle, The 157 Chukotskyi Autonomous District, 588 Church Missionary Society, 151 church schools, 574 church, 189, 591 Church, the 191, 198 Chuvash, 373 ciCerwa, 553 CIDA (Canadian International

Development Agency), 433 ciNyanja, 553 citizen participation, 615 citizen trust, 688 citizen-building institution, 626 citizens as, 461 citizens, 125, 144, 439, 447 citizenship education, 368, 434 citizenship law, 374 citizenship, 343, 374, 375, 413, 438,

506, 626, 712 civic commitment, 461 civic culture, 712 civic education, 237, 368, 398, 461

civic engagement, knowledge, 690 civic knowledge, 438 civic nationalism, 622 civics education, 690 civil liberties, 360, 687 Civil Rights Act, 356 civil rights struggle, 356 civil rights, 360, 685 civil servants, 527 civil society, 367, 466, 692 civil sphere actors, 386 civil war, 493 Civil War, 700 Civil War, the 701 civilising the natives of Africa, 489 class conflict, 428 Class inequality, 413 class relations, 633 class structure, 428 class system, 415 Class Warfare, 457 class, 78 class, 81, 117, 381 classica, 450 classical economists, 433 classical liberalism, 149 classical texts, 574 Classics, 571 classics, the 152, 575 classification, 492 classroom environment, 408 classroom interaction, 424 classroom management, 88 classroom pedagogy, 423 classrooms, 50, 51, 494 close study of texts, 577 Coalition of Service Industries

(USCSI), 468 coastal region of China, 250 Coca-Colonisation, 432 Codd, 147 code-mixing, 559, 560, 563 codes of customary law, 489 code-switching, 559, 560, 562, 563 coeducation, 345 Coffield, 81

780 SUBJECT INDEX

cognition, 65 cognitive and ontological models, 379 cognitive constructs, 75 cognitive psychology, 741 cognitive, 62 cognitivist, 424 Coleman, 750 collaboration skills, 170 collaborative school university

partnerships, 665 collaborative, 60 collapse of the Soviet Union, 242, 504 collect taxes, 489 collective memory, 362 collectivist demands, 752 collectivist, 144, 589 College, Oxford, 24 Colombi, 39 Colombia voucher recipients, 588 Colombia, 435, 436, 585, 587, 594,

626colon, 574 colonial Africa, 482 colonial enterprises, 489 colonial experiences, 377 colonial government framework, 245 colonial government, 484, 492 colonial interventions, 490 colonial masters, 545, 550 colonial officials, 482, 484, 489 colonial period, 378, 481 colonial powers, 245, 553 colonial strategies, 378 colonial times, 567 Colonial-based education systems, 245 colonialism, 153, 376, 614, 626 Colonialism, 490 colonialists, 525 colonies as sources of raw materials,

543colonies of the Empire, 568 colonies, 506 colonisation, 151 Coloquio Internacional, 384 colour, 353, 508 Coloured mixed race, 354

Coloured people, 363 Columbia University Centre for the

Study of Human Rights, 399 COMENIUS, 238 command, 242 comment, 271 commercial basis, 458, 471 commercialisation of education, 111 Commercialisation, 158 commercialised, 241 Commercialism in Education Research

Unit (CERU), 473 Commission for Economic Reform

(CER), 408 Commission on Human, The 402 Committee for Educational Innovation,

243commodification of education, 469,

475commodification of knowledge, 112 commodification of life, 380 commodification, 120 commodification, 125, 194, 475 commodifying, 476 commodities, 18, 137, 380, 414, 601 commodity flows, 505 common core curriculum, 717 common curriculum base, 721 common framework, 238 Common Market of the South

MERCOSUR, 460 common middle school, 717 common primary schooling, 237 common schooling experience, 237 Common Sense Revolution, 599, 608 communal farms, 244 communication skills, 51, 62, 163, 170 communication technology, 144 communication, 53, 626 communism, 25, 615, 688, 693, 706 communist countries, 688 communist education system, 406 communist ideology, 243, 405 communist morality, 696 communist regimes, 687 communitaria, 144

SUBJECT INDEX 781

community college, 62 community control, 592 community development officer

(CDO), 590 community development officer, 595 community participation, 595 community schools, 450 community support, 181 community values, 593 community, 125, 127, 168, 176, 177,

178, 180, 181, 247, 526, 621, 626, 753

community-wide, 171 Comparative & International

Education Society of Canada, 39 Comparative & International

Education Society, 39 comparative advantage, 542 comparative analysis, 43 comparative assessments, 327 Comparative Education Research

Centre, 43 comparative education research, 38,

367, 375 Comparative Education Review, 38,

41, 42 Comparative Education Society in

Europe, 39 Comparative Education Society of

Asia, 40 Comparative Education Society of

Hong Kong, 40 Comparative Education Society of the

Philippines, 40 comparative education, 1, 23, 35, 37,

38, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 446 comparative international testing, 740 comparative study, 751 comparative testing, 593 compassionate leadership, 676 compatible credit systems, 238 compensatory education, 415 compensatory legitimation, 421 compensatory mechanisms, 420 compensatory programs, 435, 437 competence, 163, 177, 413, 438

concrete obstacles, 4 conditionalit, 521 conditionality, 522 confederated system, 600 conflict ‘styles’, 638 conflict analysis, 638 conflict avoidance, 421 conflict mapping, 638 conflict resolution, 630, 632, 638 conflict, 413, 630, 633, 638, 639 conformity, 349 Confucianism, 248 Congo, 482, 489, 496Congo-Kinshasa, 493 Congregational mosques, 381 Congress of, 699 CONICET, 143 connecting activities, 532 consciousness, 452 consensus (ijma), 378 consequences, 120 Conservatism, 445 Conservative Party, 601 conservatives, 637 conspicuous consumption, 414 Constitution, 139 constraints, 173 constructivist pedagogy, 690 constructivist, 367 consumer commodities, 414 consumer culture, 414 consumer demands, 236 consumer ideals, 380 consumer, 414, 461, 471, 543 consumption abroad, 464 consumption, 162 containmen, 492 contemporary educational reform, 236 contemporary globalisation, 343, 626 content knowledge, 438 content of instruction, 437 content, 425 content-based standards, 738 context and culture, 578 contextualised multiple intelligences

(CMI), 181

782 SUBJECT INDEX

contextualised, 185 continuing education, 56, 62, 169, 173,

604Continuing Vocational Training

(CVT), 78 continuities, 711 continuity between home and school,

751continuous assessment, 485 continuous quality improvement

(CQI), 163 contracting factories, 432 contracts, 149 contradictions, 599 control of teachers salaries, 595 control over the funding, 605 control, 414, 427, 492 controlled education systems, 465 Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, the 390 Convention on the Rights of the Child,

340Convention on the Rights, the, 390 convergence, 43, 50, 60, 112, 118 cooperation, 638 cooperative efforts, 636 Copenhagen, 340 Copperbelt towns, 489 core content, 382, 595 core languages, 551 core skills, 74 core values, 196 corporal punishment, 635 corporate enterprises, 138 corporate restructuring, 432 corporate values, 155 Corporation, 56 corporatisation of university, 473 corporatisation, 137, 138 correct, 376 correctness, 426 corruption, 493, 636 cost effectiveness, 193 cost-benefit analysis, 417 Cote d’Ivoire, 124, 522

Council of Canadians, 469 Council of Education Ministers of

Canada, 464 Council of Europe, 238, 341, 347 Council of Europe, The 397 Council Vatican II, 345 countries, 149, 157, 244 coupling theory, 185 cover, 588 creativity, 181, 189, 640 creativity, numeracy skills, 170 creativity, sensitivity, emotional

intelligence, 78 creolisation, 509 creolised cultures, 508 crisis of enunciation, 513 critical consciousness, 709, 711 critical discourse analysis, 694 critical literacy, 577 critical pedagogy, 636 critical reasoning, 383 critical reflection, 427 critical science education scholarship,

741critical theories, 413 critical thinkers, 164 critical thinking skills, 170 critical thinking, 68, 163, 389 crop production, 539 cross-border cultural exchange, 618 cross-border services trade, 464 cross-curricular competencies, 328 cross-curricular, 402 cross-national analyses, 45 cross-national school effectiveness

studies, 615 cross-training, 55 Cuba, 40 Cuban, 485 cul-de-sac, 194 cult of the ‘hero’, 633 cultural artifacts, 746 cultural backgrounds, 196 cultural capital, 413, 426, 705, 748,

749, 750 cultural constraints, 173, 178

SUBJECT INDEX 783

cultural consumption, 749 cultural difference, 510 Cultural differences, 668 cultural diversity, 207, 209, 215, 217,

218, 372, 389, 426 cultural domain, 194 cultural dominance, 153 Cultural Globalisation, 148 cultural heritage, 439 cultural identity, 198 cultural imperialism, 691 cultural impositions, 144 cultural integration, 127, 237, 250 cultural interruption, 640 cultural mainstream, 622 cultural nationalisation, 373 cultural platforms, 179 cultural pluralism, 368 cultural processes, 235 cultural production, 501, 513 cultural reproduction theory, 413, 436 cultural reproduction, 705 cultural resources, 749 Cultural Revolution, 249 cultural stereotypes, 367 cultural studies model, 577 cultural transformation, 414, 648 cultural transformation, 639 cultural values, 163 cultural, 244, 413, 417, 427, 680, 705,

745, 751 cultural’ capitals of the world, 502 culturalist, 426 culturally biased, 690 culturally dominant groups, 617 culturally, 644 culture of peace, 636 culture of the school, 590 culture of, 637 Culture shock, 693 culture, 52 culture, 58, 66, 71, 78, 112, 191, 401,

510, 580, 615, 680 culture-making, 367 cultures, 375, 386 Cunningham, 427

Current Issues in Comparative Education, 38

curricula, 163, 434, 593 curricular centralisation, 593 curricular dimensions, 425 curricular guidelines, 28, 402 curricular standards, 425 Curriculum and Examinations, 571 Curriculum and Standards Framework

(CSF), 736 curriculum change, 170 curriculum components, 238 curriculum co-ordinator, 671 Curriculum Development Council, 170 Curriculum Development Institute, 177 curriculum development, 49, 50, 59,

63, 112, 167 curriculum for competitiveness, 116 curriculum framework, 170, 171 curriculum guides, 170 curriculum integration, 60 curriculum leaders, 601 curriculum materials, 692 curriculum modes, 170 curriculum modifications, 648 Curriculum Overload, 410 curriculum planning, 736 curriculum reform, 57, 425 Curriculum reforms, 405 curriculum reforms, 423 curriculum standardisation, 18 curriculum standards reforms, 738 curriculum standards, 742 curriculum theorising, 734 curriculum, 68, 119, 170, 194, 237,

327, 346, 394, 396, 425, 427, 580, 595, 706

customers, 149 cutbacks, 461 Cuttington College, 151 CVT, 66 cyber technology, 196 cybernetwork, 753 Cyrillic alphabet, 372 Czech Republic, 688 Czechoslovakia, 40

784 SUBJECT INDEX

daily lives, 749 Dakar, 152 Dale, 469, 609 Dalton-Plan schools, 450 Davos, 460 Dawe, 576 Deakin University, 662 debate and reasoning, 514 debt repayment, 523 Decade for Human Rights Education, The 391 Decade for Women, Equality, Development and Peace, the 340 decentralisation in education, 421 decentralisation of finance, 585 decentralisation of school

administration, 237 decentralisation of, 419 decentralisation, 11, 91, 110, 111, 126,

172, 180, 409, 419, 421, 582, 687 decentralise, 433 decentralised education, 408 decentralised educational system, 600 decentralised system, 727 decentralised, 237, 587 decision-making model, 421 decline of state powers and authority,

236declining enrolment adjustments, 604 declining family size, 749 deconcentration, 419, 434, 582 deconstruction, 425 deconstructivis, 653 decreased government funding, 471 Decree No. 1, 417 Decreti del Presidente della

Repubblica (DPRs), 718 defence curriculum, 635 defence, 356 defining moment, 568 definition of democracy, 685 definitions of globalisation, 57 deglobalisation, 613 degrees of democratisation, 688 delegation, 419 deliberative democracy, 640

Deliverable goals, 3 democrac, 636, 712 democracy, 109, 132, 155, 376, 389,

405, 493, 612, 613, 624, 629, 639, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690

democratic attitudes, 688 democratic behaviour, 688, 689 democratic behaviour, 690 democratic citizenry, 155 democratic citizenship, 439 democratic communities, 438, 644 democratic concepts, 687 democratic development, 113 democratic ideals, 133 democratic principles, 626 democratic process, 685 democratic scenario, 82 democratic schooling, 690 democratic schools, 690 democratic society, 427 democratic values, 125, 127, 622 democratic, 81, 434, 593, 690 democratisation of school systems, 434 democratisation, 613, 617, 618, 620,

624, 625, 626, 684, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691

Democratization in Latin America A Citizen Responsibility, 618

demokratía, 615 denationalisation, 126 Denmark, 37, 39, 237, 587 Denominational School Board, 574 Department of Education, Training and

Youth Affairs (DETYA), 739 Department of Labour, 358 dependency rate, 495 dependent capitalist development, 434 deregulation, 111, 433 designated groups, 354 determination, patience, ‘emotional

intelligence’, 78 determining, 237 de-traditionalisation, 127 detrimental to the education of

children, 751 developed countries, 43, 159, 347, 495

SUBJECT INDEX 785

developed nations, 426 developing countries, 111, 118, 126,

160, 163, 339, 347, 483, 586, 619 developing nations, 112 developing world producers, 544 developing world, 159, 544 developmen, 636 development and maintenance of

professional standards, 602 development economics, 59 development objectives, 126 development of college, 383 development of the whole person, 381 development policies, 113 development strategy, 156 development, 111, 113, 117, 123, 150,

158, 375, 525 developmental needs, 180, 185 developmental typology, 23 devolution of power, 10, 582 devolution, 419 DeVry institute, 472 diachronicity, 190 dialectic, 46, 406 diamond, 494, 619 differences, 341, 349, 513, 749 differentiated roles, 91 differentiation, 52, 243, 375, 453, 635 digital divides, 63, 483 digital information technology, 497 DiMaggio, 749 dimension of leadership, 673 dimensions of knowledge, 438 dimensions, 376 diploma di maturità, 722, 728 direct financial aid, 493 directly to schools, 582 disabilities, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647,

648, 649, 650, 651, 653, 655 Disability Discrimination Act of 1992,

353disability labels, 647 disability, 81, 352, 649 disadvantaged rural schools, 416 Disadvantaged Schools Programme,

415

disadvantaged schools, 412 disadvantaged students, 644 disaggregating, 200 disciplinary society, 17 disciplinary techniques, 492 discipline, 454, 490, 602, 638, 695 discourse analysis, 414, 695, 712 discourse of decentralisation, 419 discourse, 46, 110, 112, 389, 490, 690,

694, 691 discourses, 18, 74, 81, 414, 492, 640,

741, 742 discrimination of the past, 361 discrimination, 91, 340, 353, 367, 375,

411, 644, 650, 685 discriminatory practices, 422 discursive practices, 694 disempowered teachers, 420 disenfranchised groups, 356 dispersed authority, 583 dispute resolution (DR) rules, 469 distance education programs, 472 distance education, 159 distribution, 242 distributional justice, 119 distributional, 120 District Commissioner, 484, 489 divergence, 118 diverse, 644 diversification in education, 409 diversification, 243, 453, 728 diversity of Irish society, 574 diversity of learner needs, 17 diversity, 18, 153, 352, 408, 420, 426,

427, 634, 640, 668, 733, 740 divide and rule policy, 552 divided schools syndrome, 370 division, 377 doctoral graduates, 137 doctors, 138 documentary techniques, 492 domestic producers, 543 domestic regulation (Article VI), 463 dominant aesthetic sensibility, 511 dominant cultural mainstream, 623 dominant culture, 623

786 SUBJECT INDEX

dominant discourse, 692 dominant discourses, 694, 741 dominant economies, 506 dominant education, 514 dominant ideology, 426, 626, 646 dominant masculinity, 633 dominant North, 502 dominant paradigms, 35, 41, 45 dominant values, 705 dominating religion, 385 domination, 427 donor agency, 245, 524 donor-generated country plans, 245 Draft on Public, 409 drama, 576 drop-outs rates, 14, 644 dualistic school system, 237 Duhalde, 132 Duma, the 702 Durham University, 152 Dutch educational system, 749 Dutch, 239 Dzerzhinski, 700 Eaglestone, 568, 580 Eamon De Valera, 569 early childhood programs, 435 early learning grant, 604 early retirement packages, 248 East Africa, 160, 247, 248 East Asia, 472 East coast, 493 east European, 574 East German regime, 615 East Germany, 452 Easter Rising, 568 Eastern Cape Province of South

Africa, 513 Eastern Europe, 25, 31, 149, 157, 449,

635, 688 Eastern European countries, 706 Eastern European, 244, 546, 582 Eastern Inter-Lacustrine, 551 ecology, 454 economic adjustment, 520 economic and social processes, 752 economic autonomy, 196

economic backgrounds, 428 economic capital, 745, 751 economic collapse, 370 economic colonialism, 134 economic commodities, 457 economic context, 133 economic crisis, 133, 137 economic democracy, 616 economic determinism, 426 economic development, 135, 339, 539,

540, 545, 546, 689 economic enterprise zones, 432 economic equality, 616 economic exploitation, 438 economic globalisation, 148, 432, 460 economic globalism, 443 economic growth, 156, 525 economic hegemony, 134 economic imperatives, 157, 412 economic inequality, 633, 686, 705 economic injustices, 633 economic integration, 460, 488 economic interdependence, 57 economic interests, 550 economic marginalisation, 379 economic neoconservativism, 110 economic opportunities, 616 economic policies, 111, 134, 144 economic productivity, 238 economic rationalism, 109, 147 economic reform, 125 economic regression, 126 economic restructuring, 110, 131 economic sovereignty, 505 economic strategies, 131 economic transformation, 524 economic, 18, 110, 181, 235, 370, 459,

505, 521 economically developing South, 509 economically less-developed, 501 economically-developed parts of the

world, 506 economically-developed world, 502 economically-less-developed parts of

the world, 502 economicism, 119, 121

SUBJECT INDEX 787

economic-political globalism, 733 economics, 138, 160, 241 economy, 235, 433 edge of chaos, 632 Edison schools, 473 educated Africans, 492 education agenda, 599 education aims, 169 Education Amendments Act of 1972,

353Education and Conflict Complexity

and Chaos, 630 Education and Manpower Bureau

(EMB) , 171, 177 education as a commodity, 475 education as a public good, 475 Education at a Glance, 339 Education Commission Report, 173 Education Commission, 166, 167, 168 education curriculum standards, 741 education decision-makers, 246 education discourses, 733 education environment, 172 education expenditure, 122 education finance, 595 Education for All by the Year 2000,

494, 496 Education for All by the Year 2015,

496Education For All planning process,

496education for all, 126 education for citizenship, human

rights, democratic tolerance, 690 education for democracy, 684, 691 Education for Development, 485 education for peace, 636 education funding, 533 Education in the South, 503 education indicators, 125 education initiatives, 638 education innovations, 177 Education International, 474 education outcomes, 528 education output, 528 education performance, 125

education policies, 418, 434, 673 Education Policy Analysis, 339 education policy documents, 409 education policy research, 63 education policy, 26, 91, 109, 116,

117, 126, 316, 393, 394, 400, 407, 503

education programs, 662 Education Quality and Accountability

Organization, 607 Education Quality Improvement Act,

601, 606 education quality, 112, 184 Education Reform Act, 31 education reform, 111, 112, 119, 121,

127, 167, 170, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 184, 185, 406, 417, 428

Education reforms, 422 education schemes, 470 education sector, 246 education standards, 409, 411 education system, 88, 419, 491 education system, the 91 education systems, 46, 92, 109 education, 26, 58, 122, 127, 156, 158,

160, 162, 165, 166, 171, 178, 199, 380, 397, 401, 405, 435, 482, 513, 588, 717, 736, 749

educational achievement, 90, 751 educational aims, 169 educational attainment of mothers, 749 educational attainment, 689, 749 educational change, 166, 169, 243, 444 educational choices, 503 educational decentralisation, 408, 420,

585educational decision-making, 633, 638 educational development policies, 59 educational development, 33, 90 educational dilemmas, 427 educational discourse, 490, 510 educational effectiveness, 184 educational environment, 178 Educational expenditure, 122 educational finance, 585

788 SUBJECT INDEX

educational funding, 586 educational globalisation, 614 educational goals, 412 educational imperatives, 428 educational inequality, 14, 370, 411,

413, 420 educational innovation, 185 educational inputs, 123 educational leadership, 672 educational management companies,

473educational manifestos, 424 educational marketisation, 470 educational mission, 136, 674 educational opportunities, 2, 9, 119 educational outcomes, 113, 644, 727 educational paradigm, 7 educational planning, 1, 8, 9, 16 educational policies, 1, 10, 15, 27, 33,

50, 59, 245, 250, 337, 339, 341, 344, 349, 389, 422, 461, 739

educational policy documents, 425 educational practice, 167, 181 educational privilege, 427 educational problems, 16 educational progress of children, 751 educational provision, 434 educational quality, 17, 461 educational reform agenda, 237 educational reform tradition, 237 educational reform, 237, 250, 427,

452, 458, 734 Educational Reform, 423, 424, 485 educational reforms, 9, 181, 243, 412,

413, 453 educational relevance, 184 educational research, 172 educational researchers, 174 educational resources, 568 educational services ‘exporting’

nations, 474 educational services market, 471 educational services trade, 471 educational services, 136, 150, 236,

457, 471, 472 educational services, 472

educational spending, 586 educational standards, 453 educational strategies, 521 educational strategy, 11 educational structure, 135, 689 educational system in Russia, 587 educational systems, 110, 348 Educational Testing Service (ETS),

607, 608 educational transformation, 406 Educational vouchers, 236 educational, 127, 160, 165, 181, 406,

636Educazione Comparata, 38 edupreneurs, 462, 467, 470, 472, 473,

476EEA, 354 EEO legislation, 353 effective education, 637 effective environment, 179 Effective schooling, 422 effective teaching, 177 effectively, 259 effectiveness, 154, 165, 166, 171, 172,

184, 185, 650, 651 efficacy, 78, 126, 438, 622, 647, 651 efficiency indicators, 123 efficiency of society, 747 efficiency, 126, 142, 149, 153, 154,

236, 406, 461, 585, 598 efficient education, 658 egalitarian communication, 552 egalitarian ideology, 436 egalitarian logic, 371 egalitarian schools, 584 egalitarian Soviet society, 705 egalitarian, 144, 589 egalitarianis, 427 egalitarianism, 367 Egypt, 12, 157, 384, 385 Egyptian Group for Comparative

Education, 40 Elementary and Secondary Education Act, the 415 elementary education, 381 elementary, 604

SUBJECT INDEX 789

eligibility for student loans, 469 elimination of unfair discrimination in

employment, 354 elite high schools, 414 elite secondary schools, 448 elite, 133, 117, 161, 237, 248, 452,

493, 509 elite, the 135 elitism, 407 Eltsin, 701 emancipatory dialogue, 646 emancipatory outcomes, 510 emancipatory project, 429 emancipatory promises, 653 emancipatory spirit, 371 emancipatory, 413 embedded nature, 751 emergence, 753 emerging middle class, 486 emerging nations, 627 emerging, 160 EMO, 473 emotional difficulties, 649 emotional stresses, 676 empathy, 78 emphasis on cooperative and group

learning, 751 Empi, 697 empirica, 192 employment discrimination, 351 Employment Equity Act (EEA), 354,

363employment equity legislation, 351 Employment Equity Plan, 359 Employment Equity Review Tribunal,

354employment equity, 351, 363 empower parents through choice, 587 empowering pedagogy, 424 empowerment, 50, 195 encounters, 638 encyclopaedist principles, 378 enforcemen, 539 engaged citizenship, 438 engagement, 429 Engineering, 138

England, 237 England, 26, 33, 39, 67, 74, 91, 345,

386, 466, 543, 608 English Education Act, 568 English Literature, 568, 569 English schools, 502 English syllabuses, 567, 580 English, 239, 432, 552, 561, 572, 601,

622, 623, 561 enhanced, 433 Enlightenment, 1, 17, 367, 507 Enlightenment, the 189 Enlightenment, The 192 enrolment growth, 528, 529 enrolment rates, 123, 615 enrolment, 151, 264, 525, 619 enslavement of children, 438 entrepreneuralism, 461 entrepreneurial culture, 414 entrepreneurial institution, 196 entrepreneurship, 157, 599 environment, 44, 70, 72, 88, 152, 177,

617environmental degradation, 633 environmental education, 461 environmental influences, 88 environments, 65 ENWS (European Network for

Women’s Studies), 347 epistemology, 85 Epp, 635 EQAO, the Education Quality and

Accountability Office, 602 equal access, 652 equal achievement, 347 equal distribution, 687 Equal Employment Opportunity for

Women Act of 1986, 353 equal employment opportunity, 351,

352, 353 equal gender rights, 438 Equal Opportunities Directorate, 358 equal opportunities, 345, 347, 407 equal opportunity, 334 equal participation, 347, 584 equalisation, 484

790 SUBJECT INDEX

Equality and equity policy issues, 13 equality before the law, 352 equality for women, 348 equality in education, 413 equality of educational opportunities,

435equality of educational opportunity,

14, 428 equality of educational, 12 equality of opportunity, 685, 687 equality, 4, 111, 155, 343, 371, 415,

610, 616, 686, 690 equitable classrooms, 436 equitable outcomes, 18, 435 equitable school financing formula,

595Equity in Education Tax Credit, 602 equity issues, 117, 606 equity of access, 12 equity of admissions policies, 92 equity, 126, 155, 406, 407, 415, 417,

420, 453, 458, 461, 595, 610, 638, 642, 643, 648, 653, 726, 727

equivalence, 409 eradication of all difference, 569 ERASMUS, 239 erosion of high paying jobs, 432 Escuela de Vecinos de Venezuela, 619 Escuela Nueva (EN), 594 Escuela Nueva New School, 436 escuelas, 138 ESL classes, 605 ESL students, 602, 605 ESL, 578 ESRC, 65 Essex, 151 ethical responsibility, 654 Ethiopia, 124 Ethiopia, 521 ethnic contradictions, 373 ethnic fragmentation, 371 ethnic groups, 371, 374, 621 ethnic identities, 376, 489 ethnic identity, 371, 375 ethnic integration, 241 ethnic languages, 368

ethnic minority students, 588 ethnic polarisation, 375, 376 ethnic representation, 163 ethnic Russians, 372, 373 ethnic values, 621 ethnic/national identity, 367 ethnicitie ethnicity, 14, 367, 375, 407, 436, 621,

630, 685 ethnicity, religion, tribalism, 634 ethnocentri, 690 ethnocentrism, 2, 367 ethnosciences, 738 ethos, 196 EU education, 31 EU, 66, 73 Eurasian identity, 707 Eurasianism, 707 Euro languages, 550 Europe, 37, 58, 67, 150, 189, 250, 386,

445, 447, 448, 452, 472, 582, 738, 749

European and world perspectives, 571 European Bureau of Lesser Used

Languages and the Council of Europe’s Charter, 348

European citizenship, 343 European Community (EC), 474 European Community, 71 European Community/European, the

341European countries, 586, 638 European Course Transfer System

(ECTS), 239 European Course Transfer System, 239 European Development Fund, 493 European education, 484 European identity, 238 European slavers, 493 European societies, 237 European traders, 544 European Union (EU), 327 European Union, 236, 238, 239, 247,

397, 505, 506 European universities, 198 European welfare state, 445

SUBJECT INDEX 791

Europeans, 481 EUROSTAT Statistical Office of the

European Communities, 339 evaluation changes, 595 evaluation criteria, 437 evaluation, 32, 248, 333 examination process, 491 examination system, 636 examination, 85, 483, 492 examinations, 338 excellence in education, 415 Excellence Movement in Education,

240excellence, 197, 318, 408, 598 exchange project, 239 exchanges of pupils, 238 exclusionary, 639 ex-colonial language, 550, 554, 563 Executive Order 11246 of 1972, 353 Executive Order 8802, 356 exemplars, 170 existential intelligence, 181 exogenous, 245 Expenditures Reduction Program, 409 experiential forms of learning, 594 Experiential Learning around the

World, 82 experimental schools, 244 experts, 383 explicit skills, 78 exploitation, 81, 427 export, 150 expressive returns physical health,

mental health, and life satisfaction, 753

ex-Soviet Central Asia republics, 369 ex-Soviet citizens, 369, 693 extended families, 751 Extension 1, 578 Extension 2, 578 extension of the social, 505 external debt, 433 external environment, 675, 677 external stakeholders, 530 Extraversion through democracy, 493 Extraversion, 481

factors of production, 432 facultades, 138 faculty, 439 fair labour practices, 432 false consciousness, 414 familial strategies and decisions about

schooling, 503 family environment, 622, 751 family income, 415, 587 fanaticism, 613 Fanti, 553 faqih, 381 farming, 481 father’s occupation, 749 fault line metaphor, the 624 feasibility studies, 246 Federal Program on Developments in

Education Federalnaia programma razvitiia obrazovaniia, The 409

Federal Republic of Germany, 453 Federation, 574 fee-based courses, 471 feelings of efficacy, 438 fee-paying scheme, 458 fees, 133 female invisibility, 634 female literacy programs, 436 female senior leaders, 677 female skills, 78 female students, 436 female teachers, 436 female, 78, 91, 361, 638, 675 feminine, 633 feminism, 454 Feminist texts, 571 feminists, 454 fetishised commodity, 508 field independent approach, 531 film texts, 574 filter-effect theory, 624 finance, 161, 504 financial autonomy, 585 financial extraversion, 493 financial formulas, 586 financial incentive, 458 financial resources, 749

792 SUBJECT INDEX

financial responsibilities for public education, 603

financial responsibility, 582 financial restrictions, 610 financial support for private, 599 Finland, 199, 329 Finnish university, the 198 Fiqh (legal theory of Islam), 378, 383 Fire on the Snow, 576 first order languages, 551 fiscal decentralisation, 419 Fiscal stabilisation, 433 five pillars of Islam, 382 flexible academic calendar, 435 Florida, 237 focus interviews, 671 Ford, the 400 foreign capital, 433 Foreign Direct Investment (FDIs), 112 foreign direct investment, 464 Foreign Education Conditions, 38 foreign student, 464 foreign universities, 250 foreign-controlled educational

enterprises, 465 foreigner-owned schools, 587 formal democratic procedures, 461 formal groups, 753 formal schooling, 461 former Soviet republics, 591 former Soviet Union, 242, 380, 587 Former USSR Republics, 368, 369,

385former Zaire, 509 former, 236, 688 formerly citizens of the USSR, 376 for-profit higher education institutions,

248Forward Looking Strategies, 340 Foundation Grant, 604 Foundation, 400 four-model taxonomy of SBM

approaches, 592 Fourteenth Amendment of the

Constitution, 360 fragmentation approach, 553

fragmentation, 376 France, 13, 23, 37, 39, 40, 68, 142,

199, 237, 345, 386, 402, 452, 454, 472, 483, 494, 591, 600, 688

free elections, 687 free market economics, 148 free market ideology, 118 free market values, 250, 599 free market, 140 free public schools, 586 Free Trade Agreement (FTA), 460 Free Trade Area of the Americas

(FTAA), 460 free trade, 433, 457, 460 Freedom House, 687, 689 freedom of speech, 193 freedom, 155, 390, 691 free-enterprise economics, 239 free-enterprise, 236 free-market economy, 241 free-market entrepreneurialism, 131 free-market model, 242 free-market, 144, 591 free-time programs, 244 Freinet schools, 450 French colonial policy, 152 French Revolution, 700 French society, 746, 748 French speaking school boards, 601 French teachers, 591 French university students, 748 French, 190, 239, 378 FTAA draft chapter on services, 469 FTAA, 469, 470, 475, 476 full inclusionists, 645 full-fee charging institutions, 470 function, 522 funding allocations, 610 funding system, 610 fund-raising by parents, 602 fund-raising, 606 future effectiveness, 165 Future of Work, 73 future-oriented, 413, 429 G7, the 459 G7/8, 609

SUBJECT INDEX 793

Gallipoli campaign, 568 Gambia, 124 Gates, 360 GATS article 1, 469 GATS challenge, 471 GATS negotiators, 466 GATS rules, 458, 472, 474 GATS, 141, 462, 464, 465, 466, 467,

469, 470, 474, 475, 476 GATS/WTO, 476 GDP, 494, 495 GDR, the 446 Gemeinschaft, 614, 621 gender bias, 342 gender differences, 90, 91, 342, 426 gender discrimination, 362 gender group, 346 gender issues, 337 gender relations, 633 gender segregation, 634 gender, 43, 78, 91, 163, 338, 339, 340,

341, 343, 344, 345, 347, 349, 352, 381, 407, 436, 675, 727

gender, race, 685 gender-based violence, 633 gendered violence, 630 General Agreement on Tariffs and

Trade (GATT) , 458, 460 general education curriculum, 644 General Electric, 56, 431 generalisation theory, 623 Generic Skills, 170 genetics, 55 genocide, 400 geograph, 575 Geography, 58 Georgia, 242 German Democratic Republic (GDR),

615German education, 335 German idealism, 191 German schools, 329 German society, 333 German universities, 191 German Volksschule, 448 German, 190, 239, 402, 449, 482

German, The 711 Germany, 25, 26, 28, 29, 33, 37, 39,

66, 67, 74, 76, 142, 237, 328, 329, 332, 335, 447, 449, 483, 717, 723, 747

Gesamtschule, 330 Gesellschaft, 614, 621 Ghana, 113, 124, 157, 522, 551, 553 Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, 124 Giddens, 454 Girls and Women in Education, 339 girls decreased, 749 girls’ attainment, 346 girls’ education, 344, 345 girls’ school achievement, 346 girls’ school performance, 346 global advantage, 235 global agenda, 643 global apartheid, 114 global capitalism, 114 global civilisations, 707 global commerce, 141 global communications network, 235 global competition, 111 global competitiveness, 119 global culture, 113 global culture, the 426 global developments, 445 global economy, 125, 159, 428, 431,

444global education, 389 global electronic finance market, 235 global focus, 58 global forces, 432 global governance, 236, 443 global impact, 482 global inequalities, 121 Global inequality, 109 global inequality, 18 global influences, 58, 92 global interdependence, 327 global issues, 389 global labour market, 120 global landscape, 734, 741 global liberalisation, 113 global market, 18, 154, 157, 335

794 SUBJECT INDEX

global markets, 110, 126, 127 global mass culture, 501 global order, 46 global perspective, 337, 338, 399 global political liberalism, 443 global political, 443 global professional market, 141 global relations, 235, 454 global relevance, 181 global religions, 614 global restructuring, 49 global security’, 17 global stratification, 36 global tension, 631 global trade agenda for education, 476 global trade organisations, 141 global trade, 111, 115 global village, 111, 114, 126, 613, 752 global world, 663, 672, 676 globalisation dialectic, 742 globalisation from below, 439 globalisation imperatives, 116 globalisation of educational policy, 59 globalisation of higher education, 154 globalisation policy, 118, 154 globalisation process, 112, 613 globalisation theory, 507 globalisation, 18, 35, 36, 37, 44, 45,

46, 49, 50, 56, 62, 91, 92, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 125, 132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 140, 144, 147, 148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 157, 159, 162, 163, 165, 166, 171, 178, 181, 182, 184, 185, 189, 195, 196, 199, 207, 208, 209, 214, 216, 217, 218, 235, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 346, 347, 348, 349, 367, 375, 379, 389, 439, 443, 505, 506, 612, 613, 614, 615, 617, 618, 620, 623, 626, 633, 734, 736, 740, 741

globalised capitalism, 432 globalised conditions, 155 globalised market, 158 globalised society, 165 globalised world models, 379

globalised world, 740 globalised, 121 globalising effect, 341 Globalising forces, 235 Globalising processes, 235 Globalising tendencies, 31 globalising, 737 globalism, 734, 735, 742 goal of education for all, the 113 goals of education, 639 goals, 357 good education, 598 good governance, 339 Good Governance, 493 good teachers, 119 governance is, 540 governance of education, 599 governance, 539 governance, 539, 543 governed, 599 government ‘intervention’, 460 government control, 609 government schools, 587 government spending, 246 governmental authority, 463, 465, 466 governmental authority, 470, 471 graduate programs, 162 graduate unemployment, 163 graduation rates, 153 grammar books, 552 grand narrative, 110 Grand Narratives, 413, 429 grant-maintained schools, 586 grants certification, 601 graph 1, 114 grass-roots group, 598 grass-roots pro-public education group,

601grassroots stakeholders, 437 Great Britain, 39, 447, 454 great deal, 270 Great Tradition, The 570 Greece, 66, 74 greed, 636 Gross Domestic Product GDP), 519 Gross Enrolment ratio, 494

SUBJECT INDEX 795

Group of Eight (G-8), 158 group, 339, 584 groups, 341, 343, 344, 347, 454 Guangdong Province, 586 guarantee accountability, 433 guidelines and timelines, 606 Guidelines for National Plans of

Action for Human Rights Education, 392

Gulf states, 385 gymnasia, 414 Gymnasien, 244, 245 Gymnasium, 244, 330, 334, 448 gymnaziia, 418 habitus, 746 Hadith (the traditions), 383 Hard-to-teach students, 588 hardwood, 494 harmonious societies, 636 headbands hachimaki, 749 headmasters, 592 health care services, 435 health care, 524 Heaney, 576 Hegelian dialectic, 369 Hegelian sense, 32 hegemon, 693, 705 hegemonic position, 197 hegemony, 144, 406, 458, 694, 696 Held, 486 heliocentricism, 613 Hemispheric Secretariat on Education

(HSE), 475 Hemispheric Social Alliance (HAS),

475heredity, 55 heritage languages, 595 hidden, the 706 hierachalisation, 510 hierarchalising structures, 512 high culture, 574, 748 high school students, 55, 438 high standards, 598 Higher Education and Developing

Countries Peril and Promise, 156 Higher Education Committee, 244

higher education expenses, 142 higher education in China, 250 Higher Education in Europe, 338 higher education institutions, 149, 151,

244, 246, 250, 355, 364, 384 higher education Islamic colleges and

universities, 381 higher education policy, 132, 159 higher education programs, 150, 155 higher education sector, 355 higher education, 132, 133, 134, 139,

140, 142, 147, 154, 155, 156, 157, 159, 160, 161, 163, 189, 199, 238, 241, 245, 338, 373, 386, 474

higher fees for community use of schools, 602

Higher School Certificate in New South Wales, 577

Higher School Certificate, 575 Highly Indebted Poor Country (HIPC),

494highly motivated students, 586 high-quality education, 610 Hindu community, 501 hiring personnel, 582 hiring, 240 Hirsch, 464 Historical Archives Institute, 244 historical studies, 42 historical traditions, 235 historical, 451 history curriculum, 635, 692 history of Islamic education, 383 History of the Fatherland, 709 History plays, 575 history school textbooks, 712 history, 454 HIV infection rates, 247 HIV positive, 495 HIV, 247, 394 HIV-positive teachers, 248 holistic approach, 62 Holland, 586 Holmarsdottir, 561 Holocaust, 400 homo academicus, 194, 196

796 SUBJECT INDEX

homo mercantalis, 196 Homo Sovieticus, 369, 406 homogeneity, 571, 752 homophobia, 633 Hong Kong Institute of Education,

174, 177 Hong Kong SAR Government, 167 Hong Kong SAR, 168, 169 Hong Kong society, 185 Hong Kong, 158, 165, 166, 173, 174,

177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 184, 185, 690, 749

host societies, 386 House of Representatives People’s

(Deputies), 704 household, 122 human and social right, 475 human capital formation, 524 human capital theory, 17, 121, 488 Human Capital theory, 246 Human capital, 2, 542 human capital, 61, 135, 160, 538, 633,

750human development, 119, 538, 539,

540, 541, 545, 546 Human Development the, 518 human dimension of development, 517 human economic development, 119,

125human economic development, 127 human intelligence, 181, 542 human intelligences, 181 human resource development, 517,

524, 546 human resource management, 364 human resources, 28, 520, 542 human rights curriculum, 399 Human Rights Education The 4th, 399 Human Rights Education and Human

Rights Treaties, 392 Human Rights Education Handbook, The 399 human rights education movement,

400Human Rights Education

Programming, 392

human rights education programs, 393 human rights education, 392, 396, 402,

690Human rights education, 398, 400, 403 human rights perspective, 386 human rights violations, 633 human rights, 380, 389, 390, 391, 393,

394, 396, 397, 398, 400, 401, 402, 403, 412, 510, 613, 634, 639, 642

Human rights, 395, 399 Human Security, 397 human-development, 42 humanisation, 405 humanise education, 243 humanistic education, 450 humanistic ideals, 484 humanistic, 371 humanitarian aid, 493 Humanitarian Aid, 493 humanitarian education, 637 humanitarian groups, 237 Humanities University, 244 Humboldtian, 191, 194 Humboltian model, 198 hunting and gathering age, 52 hybrid identity, 640 hybridisation, 244 hybridity, 508, 513, 639 Hyperglobalisers, 504, 505 hyperglobalists, 36, 46 I.Q. tests, 14 Ibo, 551 ICT, 58, 63 ideas, 626 identical twins, 87, 88 identities, 44, 509, 634 identity crisis, 405 identity, 401, 616, 620, 634, 639, 693,

705ideological competition, 379 ideological competitiveness, 235 ideological differences, 697 ideological factors, 193 ideological repositioning, 692, 706 ideological reproduction, 695, 711 ideological struggle, 700

SUBJECT INDEX 797

ideological transformations, 1 ideological values, 617 ideology, 16, 110, 111, 112, 118, 121,

160, 190, 193, 405, 454, 617, 638, 650, 653, 711

IEA assessment studies, 15 IEA, 626 Ijaza (permission), 383 IJED, 119 il riordino dei cicli, 718 Iliescu, 229 illiteracy rates, 14 illiteracy, 487 illiterate adults, 494 ILO Convention Concerning

Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries, 369

ILO/JASPA, 522 imagination, 426 Imam, 371 IMF stabilisation, 530 IMF, 134, 139, 140, 154, 236, 433,

493, 521, 530, 545 immigrant youth, 750 Immigrants, 574 impact of education, 185 impacts of globalisation, 741 imperial education, 575 implements of iron, 539 implicit political agendas, 567 improvements, 432, 593 in rural schools, 415 incentive pay, 435 incentive schemes, 244 Incentives to Learning in the

Workplace, 81 incentives, 155 inclusion, 648, 650 inclusion, inclusive schooling,

inclusive education, 642 inclusionary movement, 654 inclusive ideology, 643 inclusive practices, 653 inclusive schooling, 643, 644, 645 increase in cost sharing, 585 increased authority, 592

Increasing girls’ and women’s participation in basic education, 338

indebtedness, 433 independence, 378, 490 India, 12, 39, 52, 159, 493, 501 Indians, 354, 363 indicators, 119 indigenisation of education, 510 indigenisation of policy, 32 indigenisation, 29 indigenous children, 435 indigenous educational systems, 112 indigenous elite, 373 indigenous forms of schooling, 614 indigenous minorities, 348 Indigenous peoples, 369 indigenous population, 115, 624 indigenous resources, 181 indigenous worldviews, 612 indigenous, 10, 348, 375, 508, 738 individual achievement, 379, 751 individual behaviour, 689 individual differences, 407 individual interest, 236 individual, 492 individualisation in education, 181 individualisation, 181, 185, 414 individualised instruction, 243 individualism, 140, 235, 379 individualist demands of the school,

752indoctrination, 193 Indonesia, 384, 385, 432 industrial age, the 52 Industrial Age, the 53 Industrial Revolution, the 192 industrial, 542 ineducable, 483 inequalities in education, 13, 17 inequality debate, 414 inequality, 18, 70, 81, 112, 115, 119,

249, 367, 370, 375, 411, 426, 429, 686, 687, 713

inequity, 18, 127, 458, 644 inflation, 406, 433 informal contacts/sources, 747

798 SUBJECT INDEX

informatics funnelling services, 532 Information Age, the 49, 50, 53 information age, the 52 Information and Communications

Technologies, 51 Information Literacy (IL), 483 information technology (IT), 50, 57,

148, 165, 166, 171, 172, 176, 184, 367, 483, 532

Information Technology for Learning in a New Era, 171

information technology skills, 170 informed citizens, 674 initial teacher training, 401 innovation, 150, 157, 176, 196, 658,

729innovative Links Project, 665 Innovative Links Project, the 661 innovative pedagogy, 423 innovative thinking, 163 Inquisition, 377 in-service teacher education, 435, 660 Institute for International Education,

158Institute of Scientific Investigation,

138Institute of Sociology, Russian

Academy of Sciences, 415 institutions of higher learning, 561 institutions of, 241 instruction in local languages, 249 instructional quality, 163 instrumental economicism, 118, 119,

122instrumental rationality, 379 instrumental wealth, power and

reputation, 753 integration of academic and manual

work, 485 integration, 113, 115, 386 integrationist, 378 integrative educational complexes, 244 intellectual disabilities, 642, 649 intellectual, 381 intellectuals, 144 Intelligence Reframed, 181

Intelligence transfer, 181 intelligence, 176 intensification i, 505 interaction patterns within families,

750interactionist, 413, 423 Inter-Cultural Competencies, 57 interests of parents, 750 inter-ethnic conflict, 367, 375 inter-ethnic inequality, 375 inter-ethnic tensions, 374 interface effectiveness, 165 Interim Anthology of Verse, 570 intermediate or secondary education

post-Quranic schools, 381 internalisation, 32 international agencies, 119 International Association for the

Evaluation of Educational Achievement, 625

International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement IEA), 341

international averages, 438 International Business Schools, 472 international comparison, 329 International Covenants on Human

Rights, 390 International Education Review, 38 International Evaluation of Educational

Achievement (IEA), 437 international exchanges, 568 international financial institutions, 439 international financial, economic, and

trade institutions, 609 International Forum on Globalization IFG), The 475 International Institute for Education

Planning, 514 international institution, 457 International Journal of Educational

Development, 38, 42 international language, 555, 563 International Monetary Fund International Monetary Fund (IMF),

131, 433, 486, 582, 609

SUBJECT INDEX 799

International Monetary Fund, the 517 international organisations, 236 international policy framework, 457 international redistribution of income,

4international reform efforts, 167 international relations, 235 International Review of Education, 38 international social movements, 439 international students, 157, 471 international terrorism, 613 international testing, 341 international universities, 157 International Women’s Year, 340 internationalisation, 29, 46, 157 Internet technology (IT), 342 Internet, 342, 367, 432, 483 Internet, the 45, 159 interperson, 634 interpretive skills, 438 interpretive/qualitative research, 6 interruptive democracy, 639 inter-societal violence, 634 intolerance, 634 intra-personal intelligence, naturalist

intelligence, 181 intra-republican confrontation, 374 intrinsic, 194 investment in ‘human capital’, 471 investor-to-state mechanisms, 469 investor-to-state, 469 Iran, 378, 379, 385 Iraq, 378, 636 Ireland, 67, 400, 567, 568, 569, 572,

580Irish history, 568 Irish language, 569 Irish mind, the 569 Irish school curricula, 569 Irish society, 570 Irish text lists, 576 Irish values and beliefs, 569 ISESCO, 380 isiXhosa, 561, 562 Islam, 371, 377, 380, 383, 386, 614 Islam´s origin, 378

Islamic centres of learning, 151 Islamic classic components, 383 Islamic conceptualisation of

knowledge, 381 Islamic cultur, 384 Islamic doctrine, 378 Islamic education, 378, 386 Islamic higher education institution,

378Islamic higher education, 377 Islamic moral values and norms, 377 Islamic Organization for Education,

Science and Culture, 380 Islamic preferences, 344 Islamic principles, 383 Islamic revival, 379 Islamic scholars, 160 Islamic universities, 59, 160 Islamic University, 160 Islamic values and identity, 386 Islamic-orientation religious schools,

450Ismaili Shi, 371 Israel Ministry of Education, 55 Israel, 55, 751 issues of globalisation, 44 istituti tecnici, 721 istituto d’arte, 718, 722 istituto magistrale, 718 Istoriia Otechestva 1900-1940 History

of the Fatherland, 709 Istoriia Otechestva History of the

Fatherland, 706, 710 Istoriia Otechestva, 709 Istoriia Rossii History of Russia, 702,

707Istoriia Rossii, Konets XVII-XIX Vek

History of Russia, 707 Istoriia, 695 Italian higher education system, 728 Italy, 37, 237, 238, 452, 716, 717, 718,

719, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727, 747

ITI Education Corporation, 472 Ivy League universities, 159 Jamaica, 58

800 SUBJECT INDEX

Japan, 25, 33, 39, 40, 56, 57, 58, 343, 394, 401, 518, 624

Japan, 749 Japan, Austria, 393 Japanese Comparative Education

Society, 39 Japanese schools, 395, 396 Japanese, 751 JICA (Japan International Cooperation

Agency), 433 job skill training, 546 job skills, 525 job-related outcomes, 461 joint development, 238 Journal of Comparative Education, 38 Journal of Research in Science

Teaching (JRST), 735 jumping into the sea, 269 Junior Certificate English Syllabus,

571Junior Cycle Level, 571 junior secondary school, 718 junior secondary schooling, 719 junior secondary, 716 jurisdiction, 235 just society, 440 justice, 155, 390, 439 K-12 schools, 162 K-12, 400 Kandel Report, 58 Karachi Plan, 12 Kazakhstan, 368 Kenya, 157, 247, 348, 402, 590, 595 Kenyata, 492 key competences, 72, 74, 76, 78 Key competences, 73 key functions, 595 Key Learning Areas, 170 key skills, 75, 78 Keynesian national welfare state, 459 KGB, 700 Khazar University, 450 Khuen, 462 Kirgistan, 372 Kirgiz, 373

Kiswahili, 514, 550, 551, 555, 556, 560, 561

knowledge capital, 50 knowledge commodification, 126 knowledge economy, 113, 150 knowledge management, 56, 60, 65 knowledge power, 173 knowledge society, 60, 137, 674 knowledge workers, 49, 50, 51, 55, 59,

62Knowledge workers, 63 Knowledge/skills innovation, 31 knowledge-based economy, 70 knowledge-based economy, 70 Korea, 134, 394 Korean Comparative Education

Society, 39 korennye narody, 369 Kosovo, 635 Kursk region, 371 Kyrgyz, 376 Kyrgyzia, 374 Kyrgyzstan, 368 l’obbligo formativo, 721 labelling theories, 631 labour market, 238 labour mobility, 50 labour unions, 439 Lancaster, 151 language and discourse, 512 language and linguistic diversity, 552 language grant, 604 Language Law, 373 language of globalisation, 149 language of instruction, 383, 550, 554,

555, 557, 561, 563 language of internationality, 372 language of scholarly production, 432 language policies, 375 language teachers, 173 language teaching, 167 language training, 238 languages of immigrants, 348 languages of instruction, 549 languages, 346, 372

SUBJECT INDEX 801

Latin America, 14, 43, 122, 131, 136, 140, 433, 434, 435, 458, 520, 582, 619

Latin American countries, 463, 546 Latin American nations, 474 Latin American, 546 Latino adolescents, 750 Latino minority group, 750 Latvian teacher, 591 laurea di dottore, 724 laurea specialistica, 728 laurea, 728 Law on Education, 692 laws of supply and demand, 433 le riforme mancate, 718 leaders of educational institutions, 672 leadership competence, 169 Leadership Dimensions, 679 leadership responsibilities, 678 leadership role, 169, 438, 675, 681 League of World Universities, 133 learned curriculum, the 425 learned incompetence, 177 learning abilities, 76, 78 learning biographies, 65 learning classroom, 423 learning context, 751 learning disabilities, 642, 651 learning enterprise, 49, 53, 113 learning environment, 79, 81, 654 learning intelligence, 181 learning materials, 184 learning opportunities grant, 604 learning outcomes, 65, 80, 127 learning problem, 549 learning process, 80 Learning Society, 72 learning society, the 81 learning success, 81 learning to learn, 166 learning, 65, 72, 81, 166, 167, 179,

181, 658 learning/teaching paradigm, 424 Least Developed Countries, 494 Leaving Certificate English, 570 Leavisite ideology, 570

Leavisite tradition, 577 Leavisite, 572 Lebanon, 378, 385 legal responsibility, 605 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and

Transgender Rights, 400 less academically oriented students,

586less widely spoken languages, 239 liberal definition of democracy, 685 liberal model, 197 liberal norms, 379 liberal political system, 652 liberal reform agenda, 453 liberal reform, 452 liberal states, 356 liberal, 428 liberalisation of import policies, 433 liberalisation of their governments, 546 liberalisation, 235 liberalism, 147 liberalizzazione degli accessi, 722 liberation, 492 Liberia College, 151 Liberia, 151, 159, 635 Library of Congress, 140 licei tecnici, 721 licei, 721, 722, 724 licensing qualifying teacher’s test, 601 licensing, 602 liceo artistico, 718 liceo classico, liceo scientifico, liceo

linguistic, 718 liceo, 721 lifelong learning, 51, 61, 62, 66, 72,

81, 166, 169, 171, 184 lifestyle, 126, 746 Lilliput Strategy, 439 Lilliputians, 439 limit public spending, 587 limited agricultural capacities, 543 Lincoln College, 24 lingua franca, 372 LINGUA, 238 linguistic diversity, 372 linguistic environment, 549

802 SUBJECT INDEX

linguistic identities, 371 literac, 689 literacy skills, 644 literacy, 327, 434, 611, 689, 738 literacy, 599 literate, 483 literature of England, 568 literature review, 42 literature, 574, 575, 578 living standards, 250 living wage, 439 loans, 493 local accountability, 601 local authorities, 585 local autonomy, 91, 92 Local chiefs, 489 local communities, 10, 427, 584 local community, 383, 621 local contingencies, 580 local flora and fauna, 594 local initiatives, 249 local knowledge, 738 local needs, 610 local policy making, 245 local power lords, 376 local primary schools, 662 local responsibility, 434 local school districts, 240 local village culture, 752 local village, 752 localisation framework, 185 localisation, 180, 181, 185 localism, 582 locally focused, 254 logic of globalisation, 488 logic of internationalism, 488 LOITASA (Language of Instruction in

Tanzania and South Africa), 550, 552, 555

London Association of Comparative Education, 40

low English proficiency, 750 lower-class, 588 low-income countries, 614 low-income families, 586 low-income students, 689

low-intensity warfare, 524 loyal Chief, 489 Lughah the Arabic language, 383 lumpy globalisation, 497 Lycée, 448 lyceums, 414 macroeconomic decisions, 594 macroeconomic problems, 406 macroeconomic, 120 macro-level structures, 690 macro-sociological, 110, 413 madrasa education, 383 madrasa proper, 383 madrasa, 378, 383 Madrassa, 385 Magadan, 244 magnet schools, 31 mainstream societies, 626 major international donor, 433 Makdisi, 383 making financial decisions, 582 Malawi, 124, 522 Malay ethnic group, 751 Malaysia, 158, 751 Mali, 494, 551 management strategies, 679 managerial models, 461 managerialism, 194 Manhattan Project, 53 manpower crises, 533 manpower policy, 533 manual labour, 432 manufacturing, 543 maquiladora assembly plants, 431 marginalisation, 46, 510, 633 marginalised rural youths, 624 marginalised, 367 market access (MA) Article XVI), 463 market access, 474 market approach, 459 market economics, 633, 636 market economy, 149, 408 Market forces, 109 market forces, 112, 119, 126, 235,

236, 379, 520 market ideas, 379

SUBJECT INDEX 803

market ideology, 110 market linkages, 406 market mechanism, 162, 461 market model, 154 market practices, 607 market principles, 427 market share, 471 market strategies, 582, 594 market, 159 market, the 127, 197 marketable commodity, 461 market-driven economic imperatives,

238market-driven reform, 251, 427 marketing roles, 673 marketing, 158, 162 marketisation of education, 16, 112 marketisation, 15, 110, 112, 119, 121,

126, 138, 367, 459, 476 market-oriented economy, 235, 249 market-oriented schooling, 17 market-oriented, 380 marketplace, 433, 747 markets for goods manufactured, 543 markets for manufactured goods, 544 Marshal, 518 Marshall Plan for Africa, 544 Marx, 506, 711 Marxist theory, 615, 616 Marxist-Leninism, 405 Marxist-Leninist hegemony, 712 Marxist-Leninist ideology, 712 Marxist-Leninist interpretations, 693 Marxists, 164, 616 masjid-khan complex, 383 Mass education, 248 mass literacy, 372 mass media, 349, 624 mass schoolin, 689 mass schooling, 685, 689 mass-scale production, 432 material inequality, 686 mathematical skills, 91 mathematically innumerate, 487 mathematics, 51, 91, 328 mathematics, science, technology, 62

maturitá, 723, 724 MBA degrees, 472 McCarty, 440 means to an end, 274 Measures to Combat Sexual

Harassment at the Workplace, 342 mechatronic environment, 54, 55 Media contexts, 571 media, 677 medicine, 138 medieval university, 190, 191 Mediterranean, 493 medium of instruction, 372, 514, 561 Memmi, 490 men of the book, 484 MERCOSUR, 476 meritocratic assumptions, 653 meritocratic outlook, 249 meritocratically acquired, 748 metanarratives, 1, 17 metaphor, 17, 640, 666, 696 metaphorical thinking, 426 meta-thinking, 181 methodological cluster, 78 Mexican junior high school, 436 Mexican public universities, 142 Mexican workers, 431 Mexican, 139, 472 Mexico City, 138, 340 Mexico, 58, 67, 131, 132, 134, 135,

136, 139, 140, 142, 143, 144, 328, 431, 433, 435, 619

MFN, 469 Michel Foucault, 490 micro and small enterprises, 117 micro planning, 10 micro-economic theory, 70 micro-level research, 72 Middle Ages, 192 Middle Ages, the 59, 189 middle class children, 92 Middle East countries, 384 Middle East, 385, 546 Middle East, the 59 Middle Eastern nations, 546 middle-class lifestyle, 141

804 SUBJECT INDEX

migrant status, 750 milieu, 693 militarism, 633 military regime, 525 Military-Revolutionary Committee,

699Millenium round/GATS 2000

negotiations, 473 minerals, 494 mines of South Africa, 496 minimal standards of competency, 426 minimal standards, 333, 410 Minister of Education, 693 Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione,

725Ministero di Lavoro, 725 Ministry of Education, the 133 Ministry of General and Professional

Education (MGPE), 408 Ministry of Higher Education, 693 minorities, 249, 250, 361, 367, 369,

372, 377, 378, 422, 686 minority languages, 348 minority schools, 386 Mismatch Hypothesis, 529 misogyny, 633 mission, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194,

195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 201 missionaries, 247, 481, 552 Missionary influence, 552 mistreated and discriminated against,

362mobile students, 44 modern culture, 379 modern democracy, 685 modern discourse, 752 modern madrassa, 384 modern state, 506 modernisation project, 191 modernisation theory, 246, 689 modernisation, 51, 71, 384, 519, 532,

614, 689 modernised intermediate Islamic

education Medresh, Madrassa, (Arabic school), 381

modernisers, 637

modernity project, the 197 modernity, 1, 17, 189, 192, 371, 376,

379, 452, 506, 507, 712 modes of supply, 464 MOE, 260, 272 Moldavia, 242 Mombasa School Improvement

Programme, 590 moment of enunciation, 512 Moments of Freedom, 509 Monbusho, 57 monetarism, 147 monetary entitlements, 587 monetary incentives, 436 Mongolia, 394 monopolies and exclusive service

suppliers (Article VIII), 463 Montessori schools, 450 moral citizens, 245 moral development, 449 moral education, 191 moral/ethical basis, 654 Morocco, 153, 635 Moscow, 244, 591 mosque (Masjid), 381 mosque, 383 most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN)

(Article II), 463 mother tongue, 554, 555, 563 mother’s role, 344 MOVA (Movimiento de Alfabetizacão

de Jovens e Adultos), 436 movements of people, 235 Mozambique, 521, 522 MSE, 117 multi-centred approaches, 88, 90, 92 multi-centred theories, 89, 91 multi-centredness, 86 multicultural education, 348, 510 multicultural Irish society, 574 multicultural science, 738 multicultural society, 348 multicultural, 434 multicultural-global efficacy, 440 multiculturalism, 2, 44, 207, 210, 211,

212, 215, 217, 218, 347, 510, 634

SUBJECT INDEX 805

multiculturalist textbooks, 690 multi-dimensional, 613 multi-dimensionality of the process,

613multidisciplinary analysis, 46 multi-ethnic communities, 374 multi-ethnic community, 371 multi-ethnic, 368 multi-faceted curriculum, 425 multilateral agencies, 582 Multilateral Agreement on Investment

(MAI), 460 multilateral funding organisations, 247 multilateral institutions, 493 multilateral organisations, 141 multilateral treaties, 236 multilaterial agencies, 459 multilevel analysis, 46 multilevel frameworks, 18 multi-level studies, 46 multi-level system of certification, 245 multi-media materials, 176 multinational companies, 432 multi-national corporations, 18 multinational corporations, 459 multinational identities, 376 multinational industry, 235 multiple ‘realities’, 711 multiple abilities, 436 multiple belongings, 639 multiple dimensions of leadership,

673, 680 multiple discourses, 647 multiple expertise, 185 multiple intelligences, 181 multiple networking, 184 multiple regression analyse, 437 multiplying connections, 511 multi-skilling, 55 multitude of dialects, 552 municipalities, 582 Muslim community, 377 Muslim countries, 379 Muslim education scholars, 384 Muslim education, 381 Muslim girls, 345

Muslim NGOs, 384 Muslim schools, 386 Muslim supra-identity, 376 Muslim women, 345 Muslim, 378, 380 Muslims, 160, 377, 384 mutualism, 584 myth, 623 NAFTA agreement, 609 NAFTA, 236, 469, 476, 604 Nairobi, 340 Namibia, 503, 552, 561 Namibian Ministry of Education, 552 Nanotechnology, 55 Nanyang, 260 narrative, 712 Nation builders, 706 nation building, 518 nation state, 734 nation, 110, 114, 621 National Academy of Science’s

National Science Education Standards, 736

national allegiance, 237 National Assessment of Educational

Progress (NAEP), 335 national assessment, 582 National Association for Research in

Science Teaching (NARST), 740 National Autonomous University of

Mexico, 132 National Autonomous University of

Mexico, 138 national boundaries, 78 National Committee for International

Trade in Education (NCITE), 464 national competency standards, 333 national consciousness, 620 national consensus-formation, 434 national constitutions, 459 National Council for Curriculum and

Assessme, 571 National Council for the Social Studies

(NCSS), 399 National Council of Higher Education,

248

806 SUBJECT INDEX

National Council of Scientific and Technical Investigations (CONICET), 133

national cultures, 44, 143, 368 national curricular standards, 434, 593 national curriculum, 26, 247, 386, 402,

582, 587 National curriculum, 333, 396 national decentralisation reform

movement, 249 national differences, 238 National Doctrine on Education Growth Doktrina, The 409 national economies, 432 National Education Association (NEA), the 451 National Education Performance

Monitoring Taskforce (NEPMT), 737

national education policy, 525 National education standards as part of

a comprehensive quality management system for schools, 333

National education standards, 332 National Examination Board of

Tanzania, 563 national examination, 409, 417 national funding for education, 587 national goals, 411, 726 national government, 595 national heritage, 244 national history, 568, 580 national identities, 568 national identity, 44, 143, 343, 367,

553, 692, 706, 712 national language, 550 National Library, 140 national origin, 353 national overseas aid agencies, 433 National Plan of Action for the UN

Decade for Human Rights Education, 395

national policy, 241 national schools network, 660 National Science Council, 736

National Science Education Standards, 737

National Science Education, 738, 739 national sovereignty, 127 national standard curriculum, 395 national standards, 334, 411, 587 National standards, 335 national strategies, 117 national symbols, 623 national teachers unions, 587 national treatment (NT) (Article XVII),

463nationalism, 2, 152, 367, 375, 524,

569, 621, 634, 694, 696, 711 nationalist movement, 482 nationalistic civics, 634 nationalistic curriculum, 634 national-oriented schools, 450 nation-building processes, 544 nation-building, 123, 367, 518, 545 nation-state, 46, 115, 144, 191, 198,

236, 368, 379, 380, 461, 506, 545, 614

nation-state, the 45 Native Authority Ordinance, 488 Native Authority, 489 native population of India, 568 native-born youth, 750 NATO, 459 natural fertility, 495 natural resources, 542 nautchno-obrasovatel’ny kompleks –

NOK, 244 NCITE, 468 needs on non-English speaking

students, 602 negative conflict, 638 negative relationship, 751 Neglected Dimension, 518 neighborhood movement, 619 neighbourhood school, 241 neo-capitalism, 367 neoclassical economic theories, 433 neocolonialists, 533, 545 neoconservative education, 740 neoconservative, 742

SUBJECT INDEX 807

neoconservativism, 118, 125, 127, 734 neoliberal adjustment models, 523 neoliberal agenda, 462, 603 neoliberal approach, 526 neoliberal corporate stat, 459 neoliberal economic perspectives, 132 neoliberal economic policies, 434 neoliberal economic, 599 neoliberal educational change, 472 neoliberal educational policies, 469 neoliberal era, 154 neoliberal faith, 598 neoliberal global vision, 141 neoliberal globalisation, 144 neoliberal groups, 236 neoliberal ideas, 147 neoliberal model of higher education,

140neoliberal model, 585 neoliberal models, 18 neoliberal perspective, 143 neoliberal policies, 144, 458, 459, 584 neoliberal political ideology, 586 neoliberal principles, 140 neoliberal shift, 142 neoliberal social and educational

policy, 476 neoliberal social policy, 460, 470 neoliberal social, 466 neoliberal society, 144 neoliberal state, 461 neoliberal views, 380 neoliberal, 110, 119, 433, 583, 636,

740, 742 neoliberalism, 144, 195, 433, 524, 583,

584, 588, 594, 734 neoliberalism, 149, 199, 235, 476, 593 neoliberalism-neoconservativism, 120 neoliberals, 599 Netherlands, 238, 239, 449, 747, 749 Netherlands, The 328 new ‘red brick’, 151 new anarchy, 530 New Atlantis, 337 new borderless order, 504 New Britain Islanders, 482

new constitutionalism, 459 New Critics, 577 new curriculum, 599, 606 new economy, 504 new form of social capital, 753 new global economy, 114 new globalisation, 347 new hegemony, 413 new history texts, 709 New Ideology, 711 New International Economic Order

(NIEO), 4 new Ireland, 571 new Irish state, 569 new paradigms, 163 new pedagogies, 163 new racism, 520 New Right, 147 new school textbooks, 699 new senior English syllabuses, 576 New South Wales, 671 New South Wales, Australia, 567 New Zealand, 250 New Zealand, 59, 472, 568, 586, 608 Newman, 192 NGO groups, 474 NGO, 134, 394, 396, 397, 398, 399,

400, 401, 402, 636 Ngoni Native Authority School, 489 Nguni, 551 Nicaragua, 586, 588, 619 Nigeria, 122, 157, 160, 517, 522, 525,

526, 528 Nigerian African development, 519 Nigerian Comparative Education

Society, 40 Nigerian education, 518 Nigerian parents, 526 Nigerian Renaissance, 530 Nigerian schools, 527 Nike, 432 nineteenth century Africa, 544 NKVD (Narodny Kommisariat

Vnutrennykh Del, the Soviet secret police), 700, 708

nobility, 591

808 SUBJECT INDEX

non-adjusting nations, 523 non-Christian, 752 non-coercive society, 584 non-European, 508 nonformal education, 116, 638 non-formal learning, 66, 67, 70, 74,

342non-formal, 70, 72 Non-Governmental Organisation, 40 non-governmental, 391 non-hierarchical, 584 non-indigenous population, 374 Non-linearity, 631 non-refundable tax credit, 602 non-tariff barriers to trade, 463 non-violent normality, 637 non-Western, 752 non-White racial groups, 363 non-White, 354 Nordic universities, 190 normalisation process, 491 normalise children, 491 norms for performance, 433 North Africa, 59, 385 North America, 58, 157, 386, 457, 472,

582, 749 North American culture, 623 North American Free Trade

Agreement NAFTA, 457, 460, 612 North Eastern Tanzania, 482 North Rhine-Westphalia, 334 Northern Humanistic Lyceum, 244 Northern Rhodesia, 490 North-South division, 504 Norway, 237, 450, 452 nostalgia for the past, 376 No-Sweat [Shop], 439 Novye Russkie, 427 Nownes, 585 NSW Board of Studies, 578 NSW Department of Education, 575 NSW HSC English text list, 576 NSW, 574, 575 NT, 469 number of languages in Africa, 554 numeracy, 599

Nursing, 485 Nyanja, 554 Nyanja-speaking families, 554 Nyerere, 492 object of representation, 512 occupational biographies, 72, 76, 77,

79, 83 occupational competences, 74 occupational identity, 67 occupational mobility, 68, 70, 72 October Revolution of 1917, 702 October Revolution, the 699 OECD directorate, 466 OECD Trade Directorate, 462 OECD, 16, 17, 60, 122, 328, 333, 379,

464, 472, 523 OECD/PISA assessments, 737 OECD/US Forum on Trade in

Educational Services, 464 Office of Academic Affirmative

Action, 359 Office of Faculty Equity Assistance,

359Office of the U.S. Trade

Representative, 464 official curriculum, the 425 official languages education, 600 official state language, 372 Ohio, 237 old Asiatic society, 506 old civilisations, 502 oligarchies, 686 Olum-e Naqli narrative knowledge,

384On Teaching and Learning About

Human Rights in Schools, 397 On the Use of the State Language in

State Institutions, 373 One Dimensional Man, 414 online cross-border, 472 on-line education communities, 44 Ontario College of Teachers, 601, 602,

608Ontario College of teachers, 607 Ontario education, 600, 604, 610 Ontario government, 602

SUBJECT INDEX 809

Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 607, 610

Ontario MET, 605 Ontario Principals Council OPC, 607 Ontario Schools Tracking Reports, 602 Ontario schools, 600 Ontario teachers unions, 606 Ontario, 467, 598, 599, 600, 601, 603,

609, 611 Ontario’s publicly supported education

system, 609 OOPEC, 725 open marketplace, 236 opportunities, 160, 724 opportunity costs, 436 oral histories, 594 Order of Things, The 694 Organisation for Economic

Development and Co-operation, 60 Organisational constraints, 666 Organization for Economic

Cooperation and Development (OECD), 141, 327, 338, 609

Organization of American States OAS, 473

Organization of the Islamic Conference, 160

orientations, 454 Oromo/Borana, 551 orphaned child, 495 orphans, 495 Outcome-Based Education OBE, 531,

532, 534 outcomes of education, 327 overarching cultural narratives, 574 overloaded curriculum, 410 overseas enrolment of students, 250 overseas markets, 158 overseas students, 158 ownership, 149, 638 Oxfam, 124, 496 Oxford Book of Australian Schooldays, The 575 Oxford University, 91 Oxford, 24, 33 paid employment, 522

Paige, 328 Pakistan, 378, 379, 384, 385, 689 Palestinian high school students, 751 Pan-American context, 475 Pan-American continent, 460, 470, 476 Pan-American, 459, 475 pandemic, 495 Papua New Guinea, 482, 554, 752 paradigm shift, 1, 6, 166, 184, 644 paradigm shifts, 6, 18 paradigm, 184 paradigmatic shift, 60 paradigms, 184 parallel employment equity policies,

356parental assistance, 247 parental choice in education, 240 parental choice, 236 parental concern, 751 parental contributions, 586, 587 parental education, 749 parental involvement, 451 parents and the community as

stakeholders, 601 parents, 111, 237, 241, 242, 589, 603 parents’ roles, 599 parliament of global capital, 459 partial inclusionists, 645 participation rates, 124, 436 participative democracy, 639 participatory citizens, 437 participatory communities, 429 participatory democracy, 583, 584,

589, 590, 612, 712 Partido Accion Nacional PAN, 132 Partido de la Revolución Democrática

(PRD), 132 Partido Revolucionario Institucional

(PRI), 132 Partito Communista Italiano – PCI,

720Partito Socialista Italiano–PSI, 720 partners external stakeholders, 527 partnership arrangements, 608 partnerships with business and

industry, 599

810 SUBJECT INDEX

patriarchy, 436 patriotic symbols, 688 patriotism, 237, 438, 640, 696, 706,

711, 712 peace education, 461, 630, 636 peace, 114, 371, 390, 454, 635 peasants, 432 pedagogical discourse, 426 pedagogical discourses, 424 pedagogical renewal, 728 pedagogical universities, 244 pedagogical, 680 pedagogy, 28, 181, 429, 455, 510 peer culture, 346 Pentagon Theory, 181, 185 Pentagon, the 181 People for Education, 598, 601, 606,

608people with disabilities, 354 People’s Deputies, 699 perestroika period, 244 perestroika restructuring era, 693 perestroika, 446 performance goals, 153 performance standards, 411, 648 permanent dispositions, 745 Peron, 59 Persian Gulf, 493 personal capital, 753 personal competences, 66, 81 Personal Competencies, 57 personal contacts, 747 personal development, 91 personal knowledge, 71 personalised attention, 435 Peru, 435, 622, 623, 624, 625 Peruvian culture, 622 philosophy of Islamic education, 381 physical education, 345 Physical punishment, 635 Piaget’s developmental stages, 491 PISA test results, 335 PISA, 30, 33, 328, 329 PISA-E, 328 Plan for Comparative Education, 23

Planirovanie Prepodavaniia Istorii Planning of Teaching History, 707

planned fertility, 495 Platform for Action, 340 platform theory, 179, 185 Plato, 615 pluralis, 380 pluralism, 424, 243, 453, 634, 709 pluralist democracy, 372, 694, 712 pluralistic culture, 652 pluralistic democracy, 427 poetry texts, 576 Poetry, 576 Poland, 39 policy analysis, 18 policy borrowing, 24 policy borrowing, 25, 33, 355 policy borrowings, 503 policy changes, 147, 158, 164 policy decisions, 337 policy development, 165, 179 policy doc, 245 Policy Entrepreneurs, 418 policy environment, 164 policy formation process, 245 policy implementation, 4 policy implications, 401 policy issues, 2 policy learning, 355 policy maker, 92 policy making, 92, 173, 725 policy of the State, 193 policy recommendations, 168 policy reforms, 1 Policy reforms, 435 policy research, 59 Policy Sciences, 6 policy shift, 18 policy strategies, 110 policy tool, 161 policy transfer, 355 policy-makers, 117, 166, 425, 437 policy-making, 3, 50, 176 political conservatives, 241 political constraints, 173 political control, 584

SUBJECT INDEX 811

political corruption, 546 political cultural values, 623 political culture, 110 political democracy, 616, 618 political democracy, economic

democracy, 615 political dimensions, 426 political efficacy, 625 political elites, 599 political empowerment, 125 political environment, 18, 165, 622 political equality, 684 political freedom, 545, 546 Political Globalisation, 148, 443 political hegemony, 198 political imperatives, 726 political independence, 245 political landscape, 132 political liberalism, 236 political messages, 636 political paradigm, 193, 194 political radicalism, 444 political right, 598 political socialisation, 684 political socialisation, 690 political sphere, 193 political status, 372 political transition, 177 political units, 236 political vacuum, 706 political values, 621 political-military entrepreneurs, 494 politico-economic imperatives, 16 politics of education reforms, 414 politics of education, 28, 111 politics of language, 351, 364 Politics, Society, and Democracy Latin

America, 618 polysemous nature of decentralisation,

583polytechnical education, 452 polytechnical orientation, 244 polytechnical school, 452 popular culture, 574 populism, 583, 584, 589, 593 populist, 577

Port Moresby, 482 portfolios, 157 Porto Alegre, 475 Portugal, 66, 68, 74, 76 Portuguese Comparative Education

Society, 40 positive discrimination, 92 positivism, 17, 41 Post Secondary Education Student

Opportunity Act, 2002, 467 Post Structuralist theory, 578 post-adjustment education systems,

526post-Cold War, 530 post-colonial creation, 368 Post-colonial globalising, 614 post-colonial government, 246 Post-Colonial Studies Reader, The 507 post-colonialism theory, 507 post-colonialism, 114, 507 postcolonialism, 44 post-communist countries, 688 post-communist elite, 710 post-communist history, 711 post-communist identity, 707 post-communist nations, 688 post-communist revival, 707 post-communist Russia, 414, 422, 428 post-communist systems, 691 post-communist transitional period,

706post-communist, 706 post-compulsory education, 413 post-compulsory schooling, 725 post-compulsory years, the 717 post-compulsory, 725 post-conflict humanitarian education,

640post-conflict reconstruction, 630, 638 post-conflict, 637, 638 post-Fordism, 113, 117 post-Fordist, 506 post-globalisation, 118 postgraduate levels, 238 post-hegemonic paradigms, 429 Postiglione, 250

812 SUBJECT INDEX

post-industrial, 335 post-madrasa institutions, 381 postmodern alternative, 197 postmodern thought, 574 postmodern/poststructural approaches,

741postmodernism, 7, 41, 197, 507 postmodernist challenge, 429 post-modernist education, 1, 17 Postmodernist throught, 651 postmodernist, 426, 429, 650 postmodernists, 197, 198, 413 postmodernity, 428 post-SAP era, 525 post-secondary education policy, 50 post-secondary education, 159 post-secondary education, 51, 59, 62 post-Soviet consciousness, 711 post-Soviet education reforms, 405 post-Soviet education structure, 692 post-Soviet history, 692, 698 post-Soviet Russia, 693 post-Soviet society, 367 post-Soviet transitional period, 371 post-Soviet, 694 post-structuralism, 7 post-structuralist, 1, 17 postwar boom, 459 post-war Keynesian economics, 459 potential market, 250 poverty, 18, 113, 115, 125, 329, 411,

520, 633 poverty-related conflict, 633 power in education, 240 power of the market, 598 power relations, 81 power, 117, 144, 193, 197, 200, 419,

713Power/Knowledge, 694 power-based discipline, 638 practical education, 529 practical knowledge, 2 practices of surveillance, observation

and classification, 491 practices, 181 practicum, the 659

praxical pedagogy, 511 prayer Majlis, 381 prayer tablets ema, 749 pre-madrasa, 381 Premier of Ontario, 598 pre-modern times, 493 preparation for the workforce, 599 pre-Renaissance European culture, 384 preservation of culture of origin, 386 pre-service teacher education, 169 pre-service teacher trainee, 483 pre-service training, 395 Presidency of the Council of Ministers,

723President Kennedy, 356 President of the USSR, the 702 President Roosevelt, 356 presidential executive orders, 360 presidential rule, 694 PRIDE, 141 Primary completion rate, 494 primary education, 124, 525 primary enrolment, 122 primary groups, 621 primary level, 595 primary products, 494 primary rural schools, 594 primary school integration, 237 primary school teacher, 483 primary school, 91, 249, 483, 485, 525,

561, 590 primary schools, 122, 247, 526, 751 primary subsector, 246 primary teacher organisations, 237 principals, 673, 676, 681 principalshi, 671, 673 principalship, 672, 674, 675, 678, 681 principles of jurisprudence, 378 principles, 378 Prior Learning Assessment, 62 private companies, 606 private education programs, 472 private education, 247, 448 private educational institutions, 470 private educational providers, 458 private enterprises, 413, 459, 606

SUBJECT INDEX 813

private entrepreneurs, 607 private forms of education, 464 private good, 475 private higher education, 159 private initiative, 236 private Islamic schools, 386 private lyceums, 418 private online university, 472 private provision of schooling, 582 private religious schools, 602 private school tax credits, 470 private school tradition, 450 private schooling, 449 private schools, 236, 385, 414, 427,

435, 449, 451, 586, 587, 588, 622 private sector, 599, 607 private student, 469 private tutoring, 418 private universities, 147, 161, 163, 472 private, 160, 243, 247, 248, 471, 585,

623, 687 privately sponsored religious schools,

378privatisation in the public sector, 461 privatisation initiatives, 473 privatisation of educatio, 475 privatisation of education, 476 privatisation of public schooling, 586 privatisation, 18, 110, 123, 125, 133,

134, 138, 144, 161, 199, 459, 591, 609

privatisation/marketisation of education, 475

privatising forces, 476 privatising trends, 458 privileged students, 415 problem solving competences, 66 problems in learning, 642 problem-solving skills, 170 procedures, rules, 492 process information, 542 process of democratisation, the 619 process of globalisation, 110 processes of democratisation, 627 processes, 690

production and distribution process, 541

productive resource, 746 productivity criteria, 461 productivity of schooling, 238 professional control, 592 professional culture, 171 professional degrees, 250 professional development, 169, 401,

435, 658, 662, 667, 681 Professional Learning Program (PLP),

606professional learning program, 601 Program for International Student

Assessment PISA, 327, 339 Programa de Primas al Desempeño del

Personal Académico de Tiempo Completo, 141

Programme for International Student Assessment, 737

programs grant, 604 Progressive Conservative, 599 progressive education era, 450 progressive inclusion, 642 progressive laws, 356 progressive populism, 584 progressivist, 371 promotion procedures, 437 Prophet, 383 Prospects, 38 Protestant ethic, the 614 Protestant, 247 Provincial Ministry of Education and

Training, 601 Provision of Education for All by the

Year 2000, 486 Provision of Education for All, 494 provision of educational services, 471 Prussia, 23 pseudemocracies, 686 psychoanalytic theories of education,

741psychological services, 244 psychomotor ‘skills’, 62 public corruption, 520 public education system, 439

814 SUBJECT INDEX

public education, 451, 458, 461, 469, 593, 598

public educational systems, 458 public enlightenment, 439 Public funding of education, 534 public funding, 586, 602 public funds, 470 public good, 461 public health, 138 public higher education, 153 public institutions, 470 public life, 751 public policies, 358 Public school supporters, 602 public school systems, 433 public schooling, 585 public schools, 247, 385, 451, 587 Public Service Act of 1984, 353 Public Service Act, 353 public service positions, 482 public services, 465, 466 public subsidies for private education

institutions, 470 public subsidies, 470 public subsidy to education, 471 publicly owned corporations, 599 Puerto Rico, 622, 623, 625 punishment regimes, 634 punishment, 491 Puno area, the 622 pupil accommodation grant, 604 pupils as clients, 601 purchasing power, 522 purposive action, 747 pursuit of knowledge, the 194 qango, 607 Qualifying Teacher’s Test, 606, 607 qualitative analysis, 80 qualitative data, 671 qualitative methods, 42 qualitative reforms, 410 quality assurance, 162, 165, 167, 168,

178, 465 quality control, 248 Quality Education Fund QEF, 172 Quality education reforms, 417

quality education, 18, 127, 136, 168, 172, 406, 674

Quality in Education, 15 quality indicators, 334 quality of education, 124, 172, 334,

487, 520, 585 quality of education, 695 quality of facilities, 487 quality of life, 677, 681 quality of public schools, 461 quality of schools, 241 quality of teachers, 184, 663 quality of teaching, 172 quality of Zambia’s schooling, 495 quality outcomes, 123 quality, 15, 111, 118, 122, 123, 127,

147, 149, 158, 163, 166, 171, 176, 177, 189, 327, 406, 424, 533

quality, the 418 quangos, 602 quantitative data, 671 quantitative methods, 42 Quaranic schools, 381 Quarterly Review of Comparative

Education, 38 quasi-competences, 78 Québec City, 460 Quechua, 622, 624 Quran, 378, 381, 382, 383 Quranic education, 382 Quranic schools, 381, 385 Quranic suras verses, 382 Quranic, 385 R&D, 461 race, 14, 90, 352, 353, 367, 375, 505,

506racial conflicts, 397 Racial Discrimination Act of 1975,

353racial discrimination, 356 racial domination, 426 racial integration, 242 racial, ethnic, 426 racialised state, 506 racism, 2, 90, 367, 615, 634, 686 radical decentralisation policies, 582

SUBJECT INDEX 815

radical decentralisation, 586 radical restructuring, 644 radical right, the 450 radical, liberal, socialist, 454 radio play, 576 raising of the children, 751 raising school funds, 434 Ramsey Review Quality Matters, 659 range of abilities, 645 rational knowledge, 381 rationalism, 378 rationality, 506 raw materials, 544 RCA, 56 RCA-Thomson Electric, 431 reading literacy, 328 Reaganism, 147 Reagan-Thatcher era, 459 realities, 427 Realpolitik, 446 recitational style, 382 reconciliation, 637 reconstructing relationships, 637 Reconstruction and Development

Program RDP, 357 recreational reading, 571 recruitment officers, 158 Recruitment officers, 158 Red Terror Krasny terror, The 703 Red Terror, 698, 700 redistribution of political, 505 Reds, the 701 Reflective learning, 76 reflexitivity, 118, 127 reform agenda, 237 reform movement, 450 reform policies, 172 Reformation, the 190, 449 reforming education, 181 reforms, 135, 165, 178, 389, 742 refugees, 635, 637, 638 regime of truth, 1, 17, 414 regime of truth, 695 regional African language, 555, 563 regional autonomy, 727 regional differences, 595

Regional disparities, 250 Regional inequality, 725 regional trade agreements RTAs, 469 regional trade agreements, 460 regional/kinship-based, 376 regionalism, 726 registers teachers, 601 regulatory mechanisms, 433 reification of power, 427 reification, 414 relative poverty, 633 religious education co, 678 religious education co-ordinator, 671 religious education co-ordinators, 675 religious endowment, 378 religious fundamentalism, 584 religious identities, 45, 376 religious learned men, 377 religious matters, 385 representative democracy, 243 Repressions, 703 reproduction theories, 705 reproduction, 427, 428, 631 reproductive education, 429 Republic of Bashkortostan, 374 Republic of the Congo, 509 Republic, Norway, 690 research and development, 53 research methodology, 671 research priorities, 6 research questions, 671 research, 137 research-educational complexes, 244 research-intensive universities, 472 resistance, 490, 510 resolution techniques, 638 responsibility, 240 responsible citizenship, 611 restrictions on human capital

development, 546 revealed intrinsic knowledge, 381 reverse discrimination, 357 Revista Española de Educación

Comparada, 38 revolution, 406 revolutionaries, 492

816 SUBJECT INDEX

revolutionary radicalism, 445, 446 revolutionary reactionism, 445 Revolutions of the University, an

Essay on the Modernisation of Culture, 202

rewriting history, 706 rhetoric of decentralisation, 604 rhizomatic methods, 511 Right to Human Rights Education, The 392rights groups, 439 rights of citizen, 155 rights of individuals, 584 rights of women, 340 rights, 125, 402, 624 Rises in tuition fees, 471 rising income levels, 250 Rivers State in Nigeria, 502 Riyadiyat arithmetic, 383 Robot Institute of America, 54 robot, 54 robotics, 54 role in school finance, 240 role models, 436, 712 role of education, 502 role of globalisation, the 134 role of parents, 437 role of teachers, 434 role of the State, 375 role of the state, 433, 434 role that social capital, 751 Roman Catholic Church, 570 Roman Catholic Separate Schools,

601, 602 Roman Catholicism, 569 Roman Empire, 57 Rossum’s Universal Robots, 54 RoutledgeFalmer, 630 rulemaking, 539 Rules of law, 539 rural communities, 493 rural family, 590 rural population, 689 rural, 417, 435 Russia Federation, the 405

Russia, 37, 157, 405, 406, 408, 410, 412, 413, 414, 415, 419, 425, 427, 428, 243, 453, 586, 587, 588, 692, 693, 695, 698, 700, 701, 702, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712

Russian education, 426 Russian Empire, 696 Russian exodus, 373 Russian exodus, the 372 Russian Federation, 406, 408, 409,

417, 421, 692 Russian Federation, the 712 Russian government, 242 Russian interpretation, 694 Russian language, 368 Russian modern history, 698 Russian national identity, 713 Russian Orthodox Church, 706 Russian people, 244 Russian revolution, the 452 Russian school textbooks, 694 Russian school, 407 Russian society, 693, 695, 699 Russian upper secondary schools, 692 Russian-speaking minorities, 374 Rwanda, 493 Safe schools, 635 safe talk, 557, 558, 563 safety net, 123 Sahara, 493 salaries, 136, 141 samoosas, saris and steelbands, 510 São Paulo, 436 SAP measures, 528 SAP, 519, 521, 524, 527, 528, 530,

533Saudi Arabia, 378, 379 savings and investment process, 541 Scandinavia, 447, 584 sceptics, 36, 504, 505 schema, 28 scholastic capital, 749 School accountability, 178 school achievements, 339 school and university partnerships,

659, 666, 667

SUBJECT INDEX 817

School and university partnerships, 663

school attendance, 91 school autonomy, 178, 434, 658 school boards, 240, 606 school cafeteria management, 471 school choice, 473, 691 school community, 671, 724 school continuance rates, 437 school control, 240 School Councils, 589 school curriculum in Australia, 574 school curriculum, 90, 169, 341, 372,

402, 407, 424, 595, 630 school decision-making, 437 school development, 184 school education in NSW, 568 school education, 169 school effectiveness, 2, 168 school enrolments, 525 school examinations, 346 school financing, 436 school governance, 168, 658 school history textbooks, 693, 712 school infrastructure, 435 school leaders, 679 School leadership, 673 School Management Initiative, 167 school management, 171 school markets, 427 School Network on Human Rights,

398School of Art, 138 School of Music, 138 School of Professional Studies, 138 school outcomes, 643 school performance, 615 school policy, 237 school principals, 167, 169 school public expenditure, 495 school quality, 587 school reform, 450 school restructuring, 652 school subject, 567 school system, 166, 653 school uniform, 345

school’s mission, 673 school-based approach, 179, 180, 185 school-based changes, 176 school-based civic learning, 532 school-based curriculum models, 426 school-based curriculum project, 662 school-based curriculum, 171, 405 school-based inequalities, 411 school-based initiatives, 172, 176 school-based innovations, 11, 172 school-based management, 165, 172,

176, 177, 178, 179, 180 school-based needs, 179 school-based workshops, 662 schooling as violence, 635 schooling cycles, 718 schooling scuola media unica, 716 school-leaving certificate, 723 school-leaving examinations, 156 school-level decision-making, 405 schools of law Madhahib, 377 Schools We Need, The 610 science and technology, 137, 599 science education reform documents,

737Science Education Standards, 736 science education, 735, 742 Science for All, 735, 737, 739, 740,

742science skills, 335 Science Wars, 738 science, 51, 53, 237, 328, 345, 644,

736scientific education of girls education beyond reproach?, The 338 scientific literacy, 735, 737, 739, 742 scientifically illiterate, 487 scuola media unica, 717, 718, 719, 721 scuole secondarie superiori, 718, 723,

726Second World War, 379, 489 secondarie superiori, 718, 727 secondary curricula, 593 secondary education systems, 604 secondary education, 91, 136, 155,

166, 238

818 SUBJECT INDEX

secondary enrolment, 525 secondary level, 243 secondary school leavers, 487 secondary school, 561 secondary schooling, 243, 453, 716,

717secondary schools, 398, 450, 567, 671,

677, 693, 716, 717, 718, 721, 722, 725, 726, 727, 728

secondary, the 402 second-class citizens, 373 Secretary General of UNIP, 484 Section 9.2, 354 sector studies, 245 secular authoritarian, 585 secular bodies, 574 secular law, 378 secular schools, 587 secular state-sponsored schools, 378 secular Western NGOs, 380 secular, 235, 385 segregated classrooms, 648 segregated schooling, 634 segregation, 588, 650 ‘self’ and ‘other’, 514 self, the 493 self-actualising, 184 self-confidence, 80 self-determination, 439, 525, 686 self-directed learning, 62 self-directed, 60 self-esteem, 636 self-government, 545 self-management skills, 170 self-management, 78, 584 self-managing schools, 586, 673 self-organisation, 631 self-pace academic growth, 594 self-paced, 60 senior secondary schooling, 716, 720 senior secondary schools, 728 sense of nationhood, 439 Sensitive dependence on initial

conditions, 631 service commodities, 457 service provider, 465

service providers, 463 service providers, 471 services trade liberalisation in

education, 475 SES disadvantage, 18 SES, 417, 422 Sesotho, 551 SESS Science Education in Secondary

Schools, 560 Setswana, 551 settler and missionary ideology, 552 sex differences, 749 sex, 353 sexism, 686 sexual abuse, 633 shadow economy, 431 Shakespearean texts, 569 Shakespearean tragedies, 575

Shaping Futures, 412 Sharia law, 377 Sharia, 378, 381, 383 Shi‘ism, 377 Shi’ites, 378 shifts, 184 Shona speakers, 552 Sierra Leone, 151, 493 Singapore, 158 single-centred approach, 89 single-centred, 92 single-centredness, 86 single-parent families, 751 Sira the biography of Mohammed, 383 skill needs, 126 skill recognition, 70 skill requirements, 528 skills recognition, 80 skills taxonomies, 110 skills, 53, 71, 72, 110, 154, 626 slave trade, 482, 493 slavery, 400, 544 slaves, 482 Slovakia, 397 small schools, 605 small-numbered, 369 social and environmental

sustainability, 475

SUBJECT INDEX 819

social and financial help, 751 social and psychological consequences

of the conflict, 752 social background, 345, 749 social capital, 745, 746, 750, 751, 753 social change, 193, 412, 426, 625 social citizenship, 155 social class divisions, 237 social class lifestyles, 413 social class, 14, 407, 414, 436, 634 social connections, 750 social consciousness, 626 social constraints, 173 social construction, 578 social contacts, 746 social control, 539, 746 social criticism, 640 social democracy, 615, 616, 618, 626 social development, 91, 459 social dislocations, 118 social diversity, 407 social economy, 127 social efficacy, 122, 521 social equality, 193, 454, 616 social equity, 125, 471, 486 social exclusion, 632, 633 social fragmentation, 718 social hierarchy, 415, 428 social inclusion, 125 social inequality, 18, 83, 413, 418,

428, 476 social infrastructures, 520 social integration reform agenda, 242 social intelligence, 181 social justice, 109, 111, 113, 126,

389, 439, 688 social justice, civil rights, 642 social mobility, 414 social networks in cyberspace, 753 social networks, 747 social organization, 747 social philosophy, 164 social polarisation, 458 social practice, 378 social programs, 467 social relationships, 746, 750

social reproduction, 750 social resources, 750 social rights, 193 Social Sciences, 138 social sector, 521 social solidarity, 706 social spending, 433 social status, 427 social stratification, 411 social studies curriculum, 395 social theorist, 501 social transformations, 401, 412, 692 social welfare issues, 241, 242 social welfare, 250 social, 46, 78, 123, 155, 196, 244, 370,

414, 625, 686 social, economic, 198, 426 social, political, 178 social, religious and political

associations, 753 social/human capital, 518 social-class bias, 452 social-class, 242, 452 Social-Darwinist competition, 599 socialisation, 625, 690 socialism, 448 socialist ideals, 454 socially constructed, 650 socially just, 644 societal self-regulation, 746 society of individuals, 753 society, 58, 143, 155, 192, 335, 493,

621, 705 society-centred, 524, 534 society-oriented, 531 socio-cultural influences, 735 socio-cultural politics, 550 socio-economic context of schools,

435socioeconomic development, 519, 524 socio-economic educational disparities,

17socio-economic inequities, 613 socio-economic landscape, 131 socioeconomic mobilisation, 518 socioeconomic needs, 517, 531

820 SUBJECT INDEX

socio-economic transition, 370 socio-economic, 119, 588 sociolinguistics, 550 Sociological Imagination, The 411 sociologists, 413 sociology of education, 748 sociology of scientific knowledge SSK, the 738 socio-political environment, 335 socio-political trends, 6 Sodruzhestvo Nezavisimykh

Gosudarstv (SNG):, 702, 704 Sounding, 570 South Africa, 40, 59, 113, 157, 351,

354, 357, 358, 363, 439, 489, 503, 510, 545, 560, 562, 635

South African apartheid schooling, 634 South African classroom, 562 South African Constitution, 354, 363 South African EEA, 358 South African University, 359 South Australia, 661, 671 South Korea, 40, 751 Southeast Asia, 149 Southeastern Asian, 546 Southern African Development

Community SADC, 157 southern cotton, 543 Southern Rhodesia, 489 southern states, 356 sovereignty, 236 Soviet economies, 546 Soviet education, 407, 426 Soviet history, 710 Soviet model, the 446 Soviet Muslim population, 371 Soviet regime, the 413 Soviet sociologists, 705 Soviet system of education, 405 Soviet totalitarian regime, 693 Soviet Union, 236, 243, 343, 345, 445,

446, 447, 449, 450, 453 Soviet, the 712 Sovietisation, 446 Spain, 38, 472 Spanish, 623, 624

Special Administrative Region SAR, 166, 177

special classrooms, 642 Special Drawing Right’s SDR, 525 special education, 167, 172, 642, 643,

644, 645, 646, 647, 649, 650, 652, 653

special needs, 646, 647 special schools, 244, 642 specialisation of labour, 539 specialised production, 542 specialised teachers, 605 specialist teachers, 673 specialistica, 728 specific type of subjectivity, 567 speeding up of information, 505 spetsna, 699 spiritual dimensions of the person, 381 sponsorship initiatives, 473 Sri Lanka, 394 St. Lucia, 622, 623, 625 St. Petersburg, 244 stabilisation, 522, 534 Stability Pact for South Eastern

Europe, 397 Staff Affirmative Action Plan, 359 staff appraisal, 246 staff development, 184 stakeholders, 167, 383, 530, 532, 584 Stalin, 704, 706, 709, 710 standardised funding formula, 605 standardised procedures, 461 standardised testing, 401 standardised tests, 434, 435, 594 standards-based curricula, 739 Standing Conference of the Education

and Cultural Ministers of the States KMK, 333

Starfish’ model, 76, 78 State control of Education, 574 State Education Standard document

1998, 409 state frontiers, 235 state language dilemma, 372 state language, 373 state level, 240

SUBJECT INDEX 821

state monopoly, 687 state of the art, 599 state paradigm, 242 state powers, 506 state projects, 506 state school, 243, 385 state schooling, 237 state system of education, 569 state territories, 235 state universities, 244 State, 193, 197, 199 state, 370, 433, 505 state, the 189, 192, 196, 198, 199, 506 state-centred development strategies,

379state-run schools, 381 Status and Quality of Teaching and Learning in Australian Schools, The 739status of teachers, 434 Status of Women, 340 steel import restrictions, 544 stereotypes, 510 stimulus generalisation theory, 622 stimulus, 623 strata, 117 strategic challenges, 3 strategic educational responses, 630 strategic outcomes, 668 Strategies for Gender Democracy

Women and the European Social Dialogue, 342

stratification, 46, 426, 427, 635, 718 stress, 424 strong cultural norm, 751 structural adjustment frameworks, 520 structural adjustment measures, 617 structural adjustment policies, 433,

534, 614, 615, 617 Structural Adjustment Programs, 110,

487, 519, 523 structural adjustment, 459, 493, 517,

521, 526, 533 structural adjustments, 139, 140, 142 structural constraints, 173 structural factors, 685

structural typology, 26, 28 structural, 113, 178, 680, 686 structural, social, political, 179 structural-institutional reform, 244 structuralism, 7 student assessment, 408, 410 student differences, 649 student drop-outs, 414 student learning, 667 student loans, 470 student personal locus of control, 750 student strong commitment to family,

750student-centred pedagogy, 575 students school performance, 750 students with disabilities, 647, 649,

654students with special needs, 650, 652 study circles Halqa, 381 study place, 378 study skills, 170 subalternist scholar, 509 subalternit, 509 subethnic, 376 subject guides, 170 sub-national forces, 18 subordinate role, 345 subordinate, 509 Sub-Saharan Africa, 109, 150, 160,

245, 384, 494 Sub-Saharan African nations, 247, 488 Sub-Saharan, 493 subsistence farmers, 502 Sudan, 39, 116, 635 suffrage, 685 Summer Institute of Linguistics SIL,

553Sunnism, 377 supplementary nutrition, 435 supraethnic, 376 supraethnic/subethnic, 376 supranational organisations, 110 supra-national, 458 surveillance, 414, 491, 737, 741, 742 survey methods, 86 surviving in the bush, 514

822 SUBJECT INDEX

Sussex, 151 sustainable, 636 Swaziland, 523, 561 sweatshop conditions, 438 Sweden, 237, 386, 452, 454, 587 Switzerland, 40, 472 syllabus committee, 579 syllabus, 567 Sylvan Learning Systems, 472 Sylvan, 472 symbolic capital, 745 symbolic language, 358 symbolic violence, 413 synchronicity, 190 synthetic learning sogo-gakushu, 396 system of public schools, 574 tabula rasa, 344 tacit skills, 65, 66, 67, 79, 81 Tafsir Quranic exegesis, 383 Taiwan, 38, 43, 134, 158, 635, 749 Tajik, 368, 373, 376 Tajikistan, 368, 371, 372 Taliban, 344, 689 Tanzania, 124, 247, 489, 490, 496,

522, 550, 555, 557, 560 Tanzanian government, 514 Task Force on Higher Education and

Society, 156 Task Force on Higher Education in

Developing Countries, 161 Tasmania, 671 Tatars, 374 taught curriculum, the 425 Tawator, 383 Tawhid unity of God, 383 tax collectors, 484 tax credit, 603 tax incentive, 458, 469 taxes for education, 610 teacher accountability, 417 teacher attitudes, 648, 653 teacher biases, 411 teacher contracts, 587 teacher education programs, 174, 659 teacher education, 659 teacher professionalism, 661

teacher qualifications and experience grant, 604

teacher qualifications, 412 teacher quality, 167, 169 Teacher Renewal Through

Partnerships Program, 662 teacher resistance, 653 teacher strikes, 606 teacher training institute, 245 teacher training, 112, 334, 494, 574 teacher, 662 teachers' attitudes, 647 teachers' roles, 647 teachers’ autonomy, 461 teachers’ collective voice, 434 teachers’ salaries, 514, 582 teacher-student social relations, 690 teacher-training programs, 395 Teaching About Human Rights, 399 Teaching and Learning Research

Network, 65 teaching English as a second language,

250Teaching for Human Dignity, 399 teaching materials, 487 teaching practices, 178 teaching profession, 169, 177 teaching strategies, 563 Technical and Vocational Education

and Training, 49 technical assistance agencies, 433 technical efficiency of education, 585 technical transformation, 198 Technical University, 244 Technical/Professional Competencies,

57technical/vocational curriculum, 729 techniques of production, 542 technocratic model, 81, 82 technocratic, 81, 177 technological developments, 676 technological education, 55, 60 technological globalisation, 196 technological literacy, 57 technological modernisation, 51, 62 technological society, 644

SUBJECT INDEX 823

technological, 432 technological, economic, social,

political, cultural, 181 technologies of power, 492 technology centres, 142 technology, 51, 55, 137, 142, 237 technology, mathematics, 53 technoscience, 737 technoscientific society, 740 telecommunications, 432 teleological goals, 405, 421, 428 Tennyson, 569 tenth century, 383 territorial authority, 235 tertiary education, 169, 248, 525, 555,

563tertiary educational sector, 471 tertiary institutions, 487, 526 tertiary level of education, 600 tested curriculum, the 425 testing regimes, 742 testing services, 471, 474 text lists for high school students, 575 text lists, 569, 579, 580 textbooks, 434, 692 textiles, 543 Thatcher policies, 608 Thatcherism, 147 theocratic, 585 theology, 152, 192 theory of conflict, 638 theory of globalisation, 613, 614 Third International Mathematics and

Science Study TIMSS, 327 Third International Maths and Science

Study TIMSS, 737 Thomson Corporation, 472 three language model, 555 TIMSS, 30, 33 Title IX, 353 Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act,

353Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, 360 Title VII, 353 TMI, 63

todos somos iguales (we are all equal), 436

tolerance, 371, 389, 397, 634 top-down decision making, 582 Toronto City Summit Alliance, 598 Toronto, 600 total quality management TQM), 163 totalitarianism, 687 Toyotism, 432 Tracking Surveys, 608 trade agreements, 457 trade in educational services, 462 trade in primary products, 493 trade in services, 463 trade in uncut diamonds, 493 trade liberalisation agenda, 463 trade liberalisation, 110 trade restrictions, 543 trade unions, 237 traditional cultural practices, 749 traditional heritage, 369 traditional Islamic elementary

education Quranic school), 381 traditional Islamic intermediate

education Medresh, Madrassa, 381 traditional madrasa, 385 traditional public schools, 586, 588 traditional right wing, 599 traditional role, 601 traditional schooling, 66, 427 traditional schools, 451 traditional Xhosa manhood initiation

rituals, 514 traditionalist Islam, 377 training services, 474 transactions between nations, 235 transculturation, 508 transfer of financial res, 585 transferable skills, 78 transformation of international

structures, 459 transformation of space and time, 235 transformation, 80, 166, 179 transformationalists, 36, 505 transformatory content, 637 transitional societies, 621

824 SUBJECT INDEX

transmitted traditions, 381 transnational agencies, 613 transnational agendas, 609 transnational communities, 440 transnational companies, 112 transnational corporations, 110, 235,

250, 439 transnational education, 112 trans-national effects, 92 transnational migration, 432 transnational movements, 614 transnational networks, 504 transnational social movements, 440 transnational, 376 transparency, 638 transportation grant, 604 transportation hubs, 432 transportation systems, 235 Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), 642 Trinitron, 56 tripartism, 459 triplisation movement, 185 triplisation paradigm, 185 triumph of traditionalism, 377 Trotsky, 699, 703 trust, 438, 626, 747 tsar Nicholas, 702 tsarist okhranka, 700 tuition fee cost recovery, 470 tuition fees, 161, 162, 163 tuition rates, 151 Tumen District, 588 Tunis, 152 Turkey, 39, 58, 345, 378, 385 Turkmen, 372, 376 Turkmenistan, 368, 372 tutorial, 472 TVET curricula, 50, 62 TVET curriculum reform, 57 two branches, 377 U. S. Agency for International

Development, 617 U.S. Civil Rights Act, 353 U.S. Department of Commerce, 158,

464U.S. Department of Education, 464

U.S. higher education, 144 U.S. legislation, 355 U.S. National Research Council, 50 U.S. Supreme Court, 357 U21 Global, 472 Uchebnye Materialy k Teme Velikaia

Otechestvennaia Voina Sovetskogo Soiuza, 708

Uchitleskaia Gazeta, 371 Uchreditelsoe sobranie Constituent

Assembly, 700 UCT, 157 Uganda, 12, 116, 160, 248, 495 Ugandan enrolment levels, 247 Ugandan Ministry of Education and

Sports, 248 Ugandan war effort, 493 UK, 42, 73, 75, 90, 153, 635, 659, 667,

717UK, 658 UK, the 66 Ukraine Council for Comparative

Education, 40 Ukraine, 242 ulama influence, 378 ulama, 383 umma, 377 UN Decade for Human Rights

Education, 400 UN Report, 494 UN, 236 unchallenged, 208 undemocratic system, 248 underclass, 413 Underemployment, 522 underfunding, 530 undergraduate programs, 161 undergraduate, 238 Understanding Human Rights, 397 unemployment rates, 61, 528 unemployment, 370, 406 unequal chances, 435 unequal educational, 428 unequal schools, 435 UNESCO Annual Statistical Report,

434

SUBJECT INDEX 825

UNESCO, 12, 40, 122, 124, 156, 157, 161, 247, 347, 379, 384, 461, 483, 487, 496, 517, 523, 526, 617, 636

Unexus, 472 unfair competition, 470 UNICEF, 522 unified school structure, 237 uniform national system, 237 uniformity, 18 Unimates, 54 unions, 434 UNIP, 488 United National Independence Party

UNIP, 484 United Nations Decade for Human

Rights Education 1995-2004, 389 United Nations Development

Programme, 42 United Nations Educational, Scientific

and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), 338

United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa (UN-NADAF), 114

United Nations Organisation, The 340 United Nations principles, 343 United Nations World Conferences,

347United Nations, 338, 391, 459 United States, the 393 unity in diversity, 238 universal access to education, 461 universal basic common nine-year

school, 237 universal culture, 394 Universal Declaration of Human

Rights, 390, 400 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the 340 universal literacy, 461 universal primary education UPE, 247 universal primary education, 12, 434 Universal primary education, 13 universal, 685 universalised standards, 502 universalism, 582

universality, 378 Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA),

132Universidad Nacional Autónoma de

México UNAM), 132 Universitas 21 U21, 472 universitas magistrorum et

scholarium), 190 universities, 132, 159, 193, 384 university admission, 249 university degrees, 238 university education, 472 university employment equity policies,

351University Grants Committee UGC,

169University of Amsterdam, 239 University of Buenos Aires, 139 University of Cape Town, 157 University of Hong Kong, 43 University of Minnesota Human Rights Education Series, the 399 University of Paris, 190 University of Phoenix, 472 University of Sarajevo, 635 University of Sydney, 663 University of Technology Sydney, 662 University of Turku, 198 University of Uppsala, The 198 University of Western Cape, 551 University of Western Sydney

Macarthur, 663 university students, 438 university, 190, 192, 194, 196, 197,

198, 199, 200, 201 university-bound streams, 607 university-industry partnerships, 137,

142UPE, 247, 249 Upper House Verkhovny Sovie, 704 Upper House Verkhovny Soviet, 698 upper middle class areas, 606 upward social mobility, 428 urban areas, 594 urban centres, 250 urban-based education, 436

826 SUBJECT INDEX

urbanised work force, 486 Uritski, 703 Uruguay, 398 US Department of Education, 651 USA (United States), 157, 158, 237,

239, 250, 329, 345, 351, 358, 399, 401, 435, 438, 451, 459, 506, 604, 608, 643, 646, 648, 747, 750, 753

USAID United States Agency for International Aid, 433

user fees to textbook service, 471 user fees, 247, 595 USSR, 2, 39, 692, 693, 701 usu al-figh, 378 utilit, 378 Uzbekistan, 368, 372, 373 Uzbeks, 368 value for money, 149 value system, 386, 574 valued institutions, 746 values education, 371, 634 values of social equity, 127 vast land, 481 Venezuela, 40, 619 Verba, 686, 688 VET, 66, 67, 68, 74, 78 Veterinary Training, 485 Victoria, South Australia, 671 Victorian CSF, 737 Vietnam, 432 violation of women’s rights, 375 violence, 635, 636, 637 Violent schools, 635 virtuality, 51 visible minorities, 354 VNIK, 243 vocational activities, 594 vocational education, 33, 726, 728 vocational school program, 723 Vocational school, 722 vocational training, 244, 342, 461, 716,

727Voie Africaine, 555 voluntary contributions, 595 vospitanie, 418 voting behaviour, 438

vouchers, 451, 458, 587 VSAT, 671 Vserossiiskaia chrezvychainaia

komissiia VCHK—All-Russian Extraordinary Commission, 700

Waldorf schools, 450 Wales, 67, 91 waqf deed, 383 Waqf, 378 war of Independence, 569 Warwick University, 56 Washington consensus, 458 wasteful spending, 599 welfare provisions, 459 welfare state, 18, 591 welfare state, the 118, 448, 454 welfare State, the 198 welfare, the 199 Weltanschauung of modernity, 405 West Africa, 147 West coast, 493 Western art and literature, 752 Western capitalism, 613 Western cultural imperialism, 380 Western Europe, 157 Western Europe, 37, 43, 237, 428, 452,

453, 544 Western linguists, 554 Western model education, 427 Western paradigm, 375 Western racism, 529 Western science, 738 Western societies, 751 Western tradition, 43, 152 Western tradition, the 445 Western universities, 190, 384 Western Universities, 488 Western University, 359 Western world view, 380 Western world, 670 Western world, the 151 Westernied global curricula, 15 Western-oriented norms, 613 White House, 699 White Russia, 242 White students, 588

SUBJECT INDEX 827

Whites, the 701 Wilshire, 194 window of opportunity, 363 Winter Palace, 699 Winter Palace, the 705 witchcraft, 481 Women and Poverty, 342 women in society, 344 women of child-bearing age, 495 women, 250, 354, 633, 686 women’s access, 338 women’s peace, 633 women’s studies, 347 women’s work, 78 work environment, 78 work-based learning, 532 working class children, 92 working classes, 237 working collective, 584 workplace bureaucracies, 461 workplace environment, 66 Workplace Learning, 65 work-to-rule, 606 World Bank Planning for Education,

486World Bank, 25, 44, 109, 114, 123,

139, 140, 141, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 246, 247, 338, 339, 379, 433, 434, 439, 462, 464, 486, 488, 496, 506, 519, 521, 522, 523, 528, 530, 545, 582, 587, 609, 614, 672, 687

World Bank, The 134, 503, 51 World Bank’s donor agenda, 521 world community, 613 World Conference on Women, 340 World Congresses of Comparative

Education, 40 World Council of Comparative

Education Societies, 35, 46 World Development Report, 115

World Economic Forum, 460 World Education Forum WEF, 475 World Education Report, 122, 523 world markets, 134 World Social Forum of Porto Alegre

and New Dheli, 460 World Social Forum, 475 world system theory, 614 World Trade Organization (WTO),

158, 460, 462, 457, 609 World War I, 568 World War II, 588, 704 world wide acceptability, 486 World Wide Web, 63, 568 worldwide spheres of interest, 235 WTO secretariat, 463, 465, 471 WTO, 114, 465 Wyndham Scheme, 575 xenophobia, 397 Yearbook of Education, 338 Yeats, 569 Yeltsin, 417, 703, 704, 710 York, 151 Yoruba history, 513 Yoruba, 551 young people, 493 youth with disabilities, 652 Yugoslavia, 338 Zambia, 123, 494, 522, 523, 489, 496 Zambia’s copper export, 494 Zambian chiefs, 482 Zambian educated, 484 Zambian education system, 488 Zambian University, 484 Zhukov, 704 Zimbabwe, 489, 496, 552, 635Zinoviev, Kamenev, Rykov, Bukharin,

703Zoologica, 138 Zulu-speaking, 501