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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GENDER DIFFERENCE AND

CREATIVITY LEVEL TOWARD STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL

AT AKPELNI SEMARANG

IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2016/2017

By:

FitriaWidyarini

S891402025

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

GRADUATE PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

2017

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ABSTRACT

Fitria Widyarini. S891402025. 2018. A Comparative Study of Gender

Differences and Creativity Level toward Students’ Writing Skill at AKPELNI

Semarang in the Academic Year of 2016 / 2017. First Consultant : Dr. Ngadiso,

M.Pd; Second Consultant : Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd. Thesis: English Education

Department, Graduate School, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta.

The objective of this research is to find out whether: (1) female students are

better than male studens in writing skill; (2) students with high creativity have better

writing skill than male students; and (3) there is an interaction between gender

difference and creativity in writing skill.

This comparative research was carried out at AKPELNI Semarang in the

Academic Year of 2016 / 2017. The population of this research is the second-grade

students of Port and Shipping Management Department at AKPELNI Semarang in

the Academic Year of 2016/2017. It consists of 120 students divided into 4 classes,

with 30 students each class.The sample of this research consists of60 students; they

are 30 female students and 30 male students. They were divided by two levels of

creativity and two different genders (male students with high creativity, male students

with low creativity, female students with high creativity, and female students with

low creativity). The sampling technique used is Purposive Sampling, where the

sample is taken based on researcher‘s criteria. The instruments used to collect data

are students‘ creativity test and writing test. The data were analyzed by using

multifactor analysis of varriance (ANOVA 2x2) and tuckey test.

Based on the results of the analysis, the findings of this research are: (1)

female students are better than male students in writing skill; (2) students with high

creativity have better writing skill than female students; and (3) there is no interaction

between gender difference and creativity in writing skill.

Based on the above findings, it can be concluded that the female students at

the second-grade students of Port and Shipping Management Department at

AKPELNI Semarang in the Academic Year of 2016/2017 have better writing skill

than the male students. The effect of gender difference does not depend on the level

of creativity.

Key word: Gender, Creativity, Writing Skill, Comparative Research.

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MOTTO

Never stop

growing.

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DEDICATION

With uncountable thankful to ALLAH,

I dedicate this thesis to my beloved Father and Mother.

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PRONOUNCEMENT

This is to certify that I myself write this thesis entitled ―A Comparative

Study of Gender Differences and Creativity Level toward Students’ Writing

Skill at AKPELNI Semarang in the Academic Year of 2016 / 2017”. It is not

plagiarism or made by others. Anything related to others‘ work is written in

quotation, the source of which is listed on the bibliography.

If then this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to accept any academic

punishment including cancellation of my academic degree.

Surakarta, April

2018

Fitria Widyarini

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All praise and honor be ALLAH SWT who always gives the researcher His

blessings, mercy, and love to accomplish this thesis. Sholawat and Salam will always

be dedicated to the beloved Holy Prophet Muhammad SAW. This thesis is written as

a partial fulfillment of the requirement for getting aGraduate Degree of Education in

English. The accomplishment of this thesis does not run well without help, advice,

suggestion, attention, and contribution from others. The researcher would like to

express her deepest gratitude and appreciation to:

1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty to give permission to

conduct this research.

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2. Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Program of Graduate School

Teacher Training and Education Faculty.

3. Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd., the first consultant, for his best advices, kindness, patience,

uncountable guidance, and correction in accomplishing this thesis.

4. Dr. Abdul Asib, M. Pd., the second consultant, for his time, advice, kindness, and

guidance in writing this thesis.

5. Capt. Achmad Sulistyo, M.M, M. Mar, the Head of AKPELNI Semarang, for

giving the researcher permission and support to conduct the research in his

school.

6. Yusi Rahmawati, M.Pd, the lecturer of AKPELNI Semarang, for her

unconditional help, support, and advice to the researcher in conducting this

research.

7. The second-grade students of Port and Shipping Management Department at

AKPELNI Semarang who have helped the researcher to finish her research and

give a chance to facilitate them in learning writing.

Needless to say, this thesis is still far from being perfect. The researcher will

accept gratefully every comment and suggestion. Hopefully, this thesis will give

benefit for everyone who concerns with experimental research.

Surakarta, April

2018

FitriaWidyarini

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ......................................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................................... ii

LEGITIMATION FROM THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS .................................... iii

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... iv

MOTTO ..................................................................................................................... v

DEDICATION ........................................................................................................... vi

PRONOUNCEMENT ................................................................................................ vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... ix

LIST OF TABLE ....................................................................................................... xi

LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study .................................................................... 1

B. Problem Identification ....................................................................... 4

C. Problem Limitation ............................................................................ 4

D. Problem Formulation ......................................................................... 5

E. Objectives of the Study ...................................................................... 5

F. Significance of the Study.................................................................... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THEORIES

A. Writing Skill ....................................................................................... 7

1. The Definition of Writing Skill .................................................. 7

2. The Characteristics of Written Language .................................... 8

3. Indicators of Writing ................................................................... 10

B. Gender Difference ............................................................................. 13

1. The Nature of Gender Difference ................................................ 13

2. Effects of Gender Difference ...................................................... 17

3. Gender Difference in Writing Class ............................................ 19

C. Creativity ............................................................................................ 21

1. The Nature of Creativity .............................................................. 21

2. Test of Creativity ......................................................................... 25

3. Creativity in Writing Skill ........................................................... 27

D. Gender Diference in Creativity .......................................................... 29

E. Gender Difference in Writing Skill .................................................... 30

F. Review of Relevant Studies................................................................ 32

G. Rationale ............................................................................................. 34

1. Female students have better writing skill than male students ..... 34

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2. The differences between students who have high creativity

and the students who have low creativity on writing skill ......... 35

3. The interaction between gender difference and level of creativity

in writing skill ............................................................................. 35

H. Hypothesis .......................................................................................... 36

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY ............................................................................

A. Setting ................................................................................................. 37

B. Research Method ................................................................................ 37

C. Population, Sample, and Sampling ..................................................... 40

1. Population ................................................................................. .. 40

2. Sample ........................................................................................ 40

3. Sampling .................................................................................... . 41

a. Technique of Collecting the Data ........................................... 42

b. Technique of Analyzing the Data .......................................... 43

c. Statistical Hypotheses ............................................................ 49

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

A. Data Description ................................................................................. 52

B. Normality Test .................................................................................... 61

C. Homogeneity Test .............................................................................. 62

D. Testing Hypothesis ............................................................................. 62

E. Discussion of the Findings ................................................................. 67

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion .......................................................................................... 76

B. Implication .......................................................................................... 76

C. Suggestion .......................................................................................... 77

BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 79

APPENDICES ..........................................................................................................

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1.Scoring Rubric of Writing ...................................................................... 78

Appendix 2 Blue Print and Readability Test ............................................................. 80

Appendix 3 Test Instrument ....................................................................................... 82

Appendix 4.Readability Test Result ......................................................................... 85

Appendix 5.Score of Creativity Test ......................................................................... 89

Appendix 6.Writing Score ........................................................................................ 90

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Appendix 7.Data Description .................................................................................... 91

Appendix 8.Normality Test

.................................................................................................................................... 10

4 ..................................................................................................................................

Appendix 9.Homogeneity Test

.................................................................................................................................... 11

3 ..................................................................................................................................

Appendix 10.ANOVA and Tuckey Test Computation

.................................................................................................................................... 11

5 ..................................................................................................................................

Appendix 12.Observation Letter from AKPELNI Semarang .................................

118

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