What do Terrorists Want ??

The GoalsWhat do Terrorists Want ??Religious GoalsMengubah kebijakan dan sistem politik di Moslem majority countries -> Groupe Islamique Arm of AlgeriaMengubah kebijakan luar negeri other countries -> Al QaedaBeberapa kelompok berusaha merealisasikan hukum suatu agama menjadi hukum publik -> Abhinav Bharat of India

Minority group berusaha mendapatkan hak yang lebih besar atau bahkan otonomi khusus untuk kelompok agama mereka karena mereka menghadapi diskriminasi (Filipina)Majority group kadangkala bertujuan mengusir kelompok agama minoritas dari suatu wilayah tertentu Ethnic/nationalist GoalsEtnis minoritas menggunakan cara-cara teror dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh otonomi atau bahkan kemerdekaan penuh -> Euskadi Ta Askatasuna of Spainmore limited goals = policy changes to ending of discrimination -> Moro National Liberation FrontPolitical system changes to accommodate greater representation in ruling circle

Etnis mayoritas menggunakan cara-cara teror dengan tujuan menekan minoritas agar mereka tidak membuat negara baru sendiri -> Ulster Defence AssociationAtau agar mereka tak bergabung dengan negara tetangga yang beretnis samaIdeological GoalsLeft wing want to promote greater equality, opposed to hierarchy and differences in economi wealthMereka ingin mengubah nature of political systemAtau minimalnya mengubah political leadershipLeftists di Amerika Latin dan Eropa Barat pada 1960an melawan ketidakadilan akibat kapitalisme di ranah domestik dan globalBaader-Meinhof Group, Naxalite/Communist Party of India (Maoist)

Right wing want to prevent socialism and other political viewsThey targeted migrants, because they oppose foreign religions, foreign cultures, different races -> Ku Klux Klan, Nationalsozialistischer UntergrundCombinations of ObjectivesLeftist group & drug cartels in ColombiaKeduanya sama-sama melawan pemerintah dan sama-sama mendapat keuntungan saat pemerintah lemah

Religious & ethnicityCase of Chechnya

Religious, ethnicity, and social classCase of Northern Ireland

Anti-colonial groups in the old European empire see their struggle as both nationalist and as part to resist domination and exploitation by capitalist class in the colonizing powerGovernment TerrorismGovernment is using violence as part of attempts to preserve policies, the political system, and especially the leadershipGovernment also using violence to avoid threats to the integrity of the state

Domestic versus International TerrorismDomestic terrorists attack targets in their own country and avoid foreign property and personnelThey seek to bring about changes in the policies of their government, in the political leadership, or in the political systemThey may to create a new satate or, at least, join to a neighbouring state

International terrorists want to change the foreign policy of the foreign governmentAl Qaeda attacks in Madrid (2004) and London (2005) were intended to convince Spanish and British governments to withdraw their military support for US in the Middle EastThey also want to stop Western support of the repressive regimes in Middle East countriesWho Becomes a Terrorist?Frederick J. Hacker (1976) classified terorrists as crazies, criminal, or crusaders

Crazy? = there is no evidence that persons suffering from mental disorders are overrepresented in the various terrorist groups, even though there may be individuals with problems in some groupsCriminals (opportunists)? = mungkin saja, white merchants might join the KKK since it provided useful personal contacts in businessCrusaders? = the believers usually have higher level of commitment