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SIMPLE PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT

CONTINUOUS

Tenses merupakan perubahan bentuk kata kerja (Verb) oleh karena adanya perubahan keterangan waktu (Adverb Of Time).

I. SIMPLE PRESENTBentuk kalimat yang menunjukkan suatu kejadian yang :- Terjadi pada masa

kini/sekarang- Berulang – ulang/ kebiasaan

rutin- Merupakan kebenaran umum

(general truth)

Pattern:postive

S + Verb – 1( s/es)

Negative

S + do/does + not + infF4

interrogative

do/does + S + inf ?

Time signal- Every week- today- once a week- twice in a day - three times in a week

Pemakaian tobe1 (is, am, are) juga merupakan Simple Present Tense manakala kalimat tidak berpola verbal

II. PRESENT CONTINUOUSKalimat yang menyatakan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung sekarang

Patterns :postive

S + is/am/are + V ing

Negative

S + is/am/ are + not + V ing

interrogative

is/ am/ are + S + Ving ?

Time signal- now - right now- at this moment- at this time- at this present

Contoh: They are having breakfast

now. They are not having breakfast

now. Are they having breakfast

now? He is running at campus at

this present. He is not running at campus

at this present. Is he running at campus at

this present?.

III. PRESENT PERFECT Kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian yang sudah selesai dilakukan sekarang

Pattern:Positive

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S + have/ has +V3/Been + C

Negative S + have/ has + not+V3/Been + C

Interrogative

have/ has + S + V3/Been + C?

Time signal- For, since + time- Since + S. Past (kalimat)Contoh: I have lived here since I was

born. I have not lived here since I

was born Have I lived here since I was

born? I have been a teacher since

1989. I have not been a teacher

since 1989. Have I been a teacher since

1989?Meaningstopfinishnot anymore

Contoh:Rina has slept for three hours .Means: She is not sleeping anymore.

IV. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian yang sudah dilakukan dan masih berlangsung hingga sekarang.

Pattern:Positive

S + have/ has + Been + Ving

Negative

S + have/ has + not+ Been + Ving

Interrogative

have/ has + S + Been + Ving ?

Time signal- For, since + time- Since + S. Past (kalimat)Contoh: I have been living here since I

was born. I have not not living here

since I was born Have I been living here since I

was born?

Time signalSince ForSince + S. Past (S + Vb2)

Contoh: She has been living here

since 1970. I have been writing three

letters since yesterday. They have been working in

that company for five years. Since he was nine, he has

been playing football. Since I was there, she has

been going to another city.

MeaningStill, ContinueKeep

Contoh: She has been sleeping for two

hours. Means : she is still sleeping

Note :Have/has livedHave/has taughtHave/has worked↳ MeaningStill, ContinueKeep

+ time

+ kalimat present

+ kalimat present

+ kalimat present

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Contoh: She has worked there for

three years. Means: She continues working there.

SOAL PENGANTAR01.Dina : Your English skill is very

good.Leo : Thanks, I ____ it for eight years.(A) had studied (B) have studied (C) studied(D) study(E) am studying

02.Angle : may I borrow your pen?Etha : I’m sorry, but I _____ it now.(A) was using (B) use (C) used(D) am using(E) will use

03.A : “When do you go to Yogyakarta?”B : I will go next Friday. In fact, I ___ in Jakarta for five years(A) am living (B) was living (C) have been living(D) had been living(E) am going to live

04.Dimas : Andi, what _____ for?Andi : Oh, I try to find my watch.(A) were you looking (B) do you look (C) have you look(D) are you looking(E) did you look

05.X : ____ many people come here every night?Y : I don’t know exactly(A) Are there (B) Were there (C) Was there(D) There are(E) There were

06.Yunny has been studying English for four years. It means ____(A) She doesn’t study English

anymore(B) She is still studying English

now(C) She wants to study English(D) She wants to study another

subject(E) She finished studying English

07.Nothing ___ since we left the place.(A) has been changed(B) is changed(C) will be changed(D) was changed(E) would be changed

08.Vika : Is your brother sleeping?Jihan : Yes, he ___ for three hours.(A) is sleeping(B) sleeps (C) sleep(D) has been sleeping(E) have been sleeping

09.The quality of the shoes and the shock ___ not very good.(A) is (B) it is(C) to be(D) they are(E) are

10.Tono : Why don’t you come early? I ___ for two hoursNora : I am sorry(A) will wait(B) will be waiting(C) have been waiting

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(D) had waited(E) wait

PEMBAHASAN SOAL PENGANTAR

01.Pembahasan:Present perfect Since/ For + waktu (for eight hours)(Kalimat lain Present )↳ present perfect have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect)↳ present perfect cont.have/has + been+Vb-ing (Prest Perf Cont)I have studied it for eight yearsBut I am using it now

Jawaban : B

02.Pembahasan:Present continuous :right now at 10 pm / amnow at this presentat 5 o’clock now

is/am/are + Vb-ing

↳ present continuousJawaban : D

03.Pembahasan:Present perfect continuous Since/ For + waktu (for eight hours)(Kalimat lain Present )↳ present perfect have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect)↳ present perfect cont. have/has + been+Vb-ing (Prest Perfect Cont)In fact, I have been living for five years.

Jawaban : C

04.Pembahasan:

Present continuousright nownowat five o’clockat this present

is/am/are + Vb-ing↳ present continuousJawaban : D

05.Pembahasan:Simpe presentevery dayevery nighttwice a weekthree times a year↳ Vb1 / is, am, are

She / he / it + Vb1 (e/es)Jawaban: A

06.Pembahasan:Meaning present perfect cont.Have / has + been + Vb-ing↳ still (present)↳ continue + Vb-ing↳ keep + Vb-ingJawaban: B

07.Pembahasan:Present perfectSince + kalimat past (S + Vb2 + was/were)↳ have / has + V3/been (Present perfect)↳ have / has + been + Vb-ing (pres perfect cont)Nothing has been changed since we left.

Jawaban : A

08.Pembahasan:Present perfect continuousSince/ For + waktu (for eight hours)(Kalimat lain Present )↳ present perfect

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have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect)↳ present perfect cont.have/has + been + Vb-ing (Prest Perft Cont)

He has been sleeping for three hours.

Jawaban: D

09.Pembahasan:Simple presentI/We Vb1/amYou Vb1/areThey, we Vb1/are

She Vb1 + es/s/is He Vb1 + es/s/isIt Vb1 + es/s/is

The quality it isJawaban: A

10.Pembahasan:Present perfect cont.Since/ For + waktu (for eight hours)(Kalimat lain Present)↳ present perfect have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect)↳ present perfect cont. have/has + been+Vb-ing (Pres. Perf. Cont)

I have been waiting for two hours.

Jawaban : C

SOAL – SOAL LATIHAN01.Some animals ___ during the

winter and only ___ in spring.(A) do not eat, come out(B) do not eat, will come out(C) will not eat, will come out(D) will not eat, come out(E) are not eating, are coming out

02.Every night the watchman ___ around the building every half an hour.(A) walks (D) walking(B) is walking (E) to walk(C) to be walking

03.Andi : I didn’t see your sister. Where

is she?Roy : She’s studying in AustraliaAndi : Oh, how long has she been

there?Roy : ___.(A) Last year (D) By next year(B) A year ago (E) Yesterday(C) Since last year

04.Is the rescue team still looking for survivors of the plane crash?’“Yes, they ___ the area for hours, but they have not found any yet.’(A) searched(B) will be searching(C) were searching(D) had searched(E) have been searching

05.“Do you often go to restaurants?””No, it ___ quite a long time since I went to a restaurant with my friends”(A) has been (D) was(B) would be (E) had been(C) is being

06.“What a beautiful voice. She is talented singer.”“She ___ since she was a child.(A) sang(B) sings(C) is singing(D) had been singing(E) has been singing

07.Several hotels in this region are closing down’That because tourism itself ___ since last year’(A) Is not declining(B) had not declining(C) has n’t been declining

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(D) was n’t declining(E) didn’t decline

08.Anwar was promoted as president of your company last week, wasn’t he? I’m glad he was; he ___ in this company for years.’(A) had worked(B) has been working(C) was working(D) would work(E) worked

09.Do you hear something?”“Yes, somebody ___ at the door”(A) knocks(B) knocked(C) is knocking(D) has knocked(E) was knocking

10.Kiki usually sits next to Doni, but now he ___ next to Didi.(A) sat (D) is sitting(B) has sat (E) was

sitting(C) would sit