Smt6 Astronomi 2-Gerhana

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    Orbit Bumi, Bulan dan

    Gerhana

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    Orbit Bumi dan BulanElips

    Sun

    Bumi

    Moon

    (Eksentrisitas diperbesar)

    Perihelion = posisi

    terdekat Bumi keMatahari

    Aphelion

    Perigee

    Apogee = ?

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    Fenomena

    Fenomena apa saja yang dapat

    teramati terkait orbit bumi dan

    bulan?

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    Fase-ase Bulan

    Apa yang menyebabkan penampakan

    bulan berubah-ubah?

    !ambarkan

    kenampakan

    bulan tiap ase

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    "e# MoonFirst $uarter Full Moon

    Evening Sky

    On morning t#ilight

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    Full Moon %hird $uarter "e# Moon

    Morning Sky

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    Bulan mengorbit bumi dalam periode sideris

    &'()& hari

    &'()& days

    EarthMoon

    Arah tetap di ruang

    angkasa

    Periode *ideris

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    periode sinodisbulan +untuk

    men,apai posisi yang

    sama relati thd

    matahari adl &.(/) hr

    +0 1 month(

    Arah tetap di ruang

    angkasa

    Earth

    Moon

    Bumi mengorbit matahari

    arah ke matahari berubah

    &.(/) days

    Periode *inodis

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    Orbit Bumi dan Bulan

    http://1-eclipses.mp4/http://1-eclipses.mp4/
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    !ambarkan skema gerhana bulan2

    !ambarkan skema gerhana

    matahari2

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    Berdasarkan skema tsb3 menurut

    anda berapa kali dalam setahun4

    5 gerhana bulan

    5 !erhana matahari

    dapat terjadi?

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    Mengapa gerhana tidak terjadi setiap

    bulan?

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    !erhana BulanBayangan

    Bumi ada &41(Bayangan

    parsial

    penumbra

    &(Bayanganpenuh

    6mbra

    7ika Bulan mele#ati umbra bumi gerhana bulan

    7ika seluruh permukaan bulan memasuki 6mbra gerhana

    bulan total

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    !erhana Bulan %otal +1

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    !erhana Bulan %otal +&!erhana bulan

    total dapatberlangsung

    hingga 1 jam 89

    menit

    *elama gerhanatotal3 bulan tampak

    redup3 ber,ahaya

    merah3

    memantulkan

    ,ahaya matahari

    yang dihamburkan

    atmoser bumi

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    !erhana Bulan4 &99&-&91&

    Umumnya ,

    1 atau 2

    gerhana

    bulan tiap

    tahun

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    !erhana Matahari

    :i langit3 Matahari tampak hampir sebesar Bulan +diameter

    sudut hampir sama 0 9(/9

    ;etika bulan le#at di depan matahari3 bulan dapat

    menutupi matahari sepenuhnyagerhana matahari total

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    !erhana Matahari4 &99&-&91&

    Pendekatan1 gerhana matahari total

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    !erhana Matahari %otal

    Prominen,es

    hromosphere and orona

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    Atmoser Matahari %erlihat

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    Eek in,in Berlian

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    !erhana Matahari in,in

    6kuran sudut

    bulan dan

    matahariber>ariasi3

    tergantung

    jarak dari

    bumi

    ;etika Bumi di dekat perihelion3dan bulan di dekat apogee3 terlihat

    gerhana matahari ,in,in(

    Perigee Apogee Perihelion Aphelion

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    !erhana Matahari in,in +&

    ampir total3 gerhana ,in,in )9 Mei 1.@8

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    *yarat terjadinya !erhana +1

    !erhana matahari hanya

    dapat terjadi jika bulan

    mele#ati nodal saat sekitar

    bulan baru

    Orbit Bulan miring terhadap ekliptika sebesar 0 /9(

    !erhana bulan hanya dapat

    terjadi jika bulan mele#ati

    nodal saat mendekati

    purnama

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    *yarat terjadinya !erhana +&

    *iklus *aros:1@ tahun3 11 hari3 @ jam

    !erhana terjadi dalam pola siklis

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    %he *aros y,le

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    %he %idesaused by the

    dieren,e o the Moons

    gra>itational attra,tion

    on the #ater on Earth

    & tidal maima

    E,ess gra>itypulls#ater to#ards the

    moon on the near sideFor,es are

    balan,ed at the

    ,enter o the Earth

    1&-hour ,y,le

    E,ess ,entriugal

    or,e pushes #ater

    a#ay rom the moon

    on the ar side

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    *pring and "eap %ides

    %he *un is also

    produ,ing tidalee,ts3 about

    hal as strong as

    the Moon(

    "ear Full and"e# Moon3

    those t#o ee,ts

    add up to ,ause

    spring tides.

    "ear irst andthird Cuarter3 the

    t#o ee,ts #ork

    at a right angle3

    ,ausing neap

    tides(

    *pring tides

    "eap tides

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    %he %idally-Do,ked Orbit o the Moon

    %he Earth alsoeerts tidal or,eson the moons ro,kyinterior(

    t is rotating #iththe same periodaround its ais as itis orbiting Earth+tidally lo,ked(

    e al#ays seethe same side o themoon a,ing Earth(

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    A,,eleration o the Moons Orbital

    Motion

    Earths tidal bulges areslightly tilted in the dire,tion

    o Earths rotation(

    !ra>itational or,epulls the moon slightly

    or#ard along its orbit(