Satuan Stratigrafi

8/10/2019 Satuan Stratigrafi

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Satuan Stratigrafi


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Satuan Stratigrafi

Dalam Stratigraphic Code of Indonesia (SandiStratigrafi Indonesia), turunan dari Code ofStratigraphic Nomenclature ada 4 jenissatuan stratigrafi utama:1. Chronostratigrafi2. Geochronologi3. Biostratigrafi4. Lithostratigrafi


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Chronostratigraphy

subdivision of the stratigraphic record intobodies of sediment or rock representedby a particular age, separated from

underlying and overlying units byisochronous surfacesurutan kejadian

Mass spectrometry is the most commonlyused technique to measure the ratiobetween different isotopes


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EaES 350-11 7

Chronostratigraphy

Mass spectrometry is the most commonly usedtechnique to measure the ratio between differentisotopes

Many sediments and sedimentary rocks are not suitablefor radiometric dating; indirect ages can sometimes beobtained through dating of associated igneous rocks(e.g., volcanics)

Luminescence dating is a relatively new technique thatallows quartz and feldspar grains up to several 100 kyrto be dated; it is based on the measurement of a minutelight signal that can be released by these grains and thatis proportional to time after burial


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Chronostratigraphy Geochronology

Dalam geologi, dikenal dating (penanggalan) denganmenghitung half life time (masa paruh), suatu unsure radioaktif akan meluruh separuh menjadi unsure lain: uraniummenjadi Pb (dari unsur berbahaya menurunkan unsur bahaya)

Kalium, Argon, Potasium dating umur Pra kambrium s/dpliosen

Karbon dating batuan muda identifikasi untukkehidupan baru (vegetasi). Ex: di bulan.

Umur relatip dengan umur geologi pra kambrium bukugeologi sejarah skala geologi. Ex: cretaceous kapur


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Geochronology

Subdivision of Earth history into timeintervals

Sejarah geologi urutan kejadian


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GEOLOGIC

TIMESCALE


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Geologic Time Scale


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Waktu Geologi & Fosil Indeks

Umur absolute dan Umur relatip Umur absolute bingung, harus mengingat angka

nol hingga jutaan Umur relatip Skala waktu geologi identifikasi

fosil indeks biostratigrafi Fosil indeks fosil penunjuk, guide fosil, fosil pandu

harus mudah dikenal, jumlah telatif banyak, tidakkesulitan ketika dicari, relatif utuh (pakai degree ofcomparation), masih dapat dikenali, tingkatan genus(satu kata)


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Biostratigraphy

Subdivision of the stratigraphic record intosediments or rocks by means of fossilcontent kandungan fosil

Evolution forms the initial basis forbiostratigraphic subdivision, either throughthe development of an increasing numberof new species, or by means of evolutionof one particular species


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Lithostratigraphy

Subdivision of the stratigraphic record intosediments or rocks by means of lithologiccharacteristics and stratigraphicposition Litologi satuan stratigrafi yang umumdigunakan untuk pembuatan peta geologi

sesuatu yang absurb dapat dilihat dilapangan


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A picture to show an example of lithostratigraphy Middle Jurassic rock strata at Elgol


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Dasar penggunaan lithostratigrafi

4. Berbagai jenis lithologi bersifat abadi, tidak akanmengalami perubahan susunan mineralogi,kandungan fosil dan struktur sedimen selama

belum terpengaruh oleh kegiatan endogen ataueksogen.5. Berbagai jenis lithologi terminologinya sudah

dikenal oleh seluruh geologist dan masyarakatpemerhati, sehingga mudah dalam aplikasinya dilapangan batugamping, konglomerat, breksi,batupasir, batulempung


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Dasar penggunaan lithostratigrafi

6. Lithostratigrafi bersifat aplikatif, teknik,maupun ekonomis.

7. Dengan mengetahui jenis litologi, langsungdapat diketahui manfaat dan kegunaan, sifatfisik dan kimia, dan dapat segera diketahuipotensi sumber daya alam dan mineral yangterkandung.


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Lithostratigrafi The formation is the fundamental unit of

lithostratigraphic classification; just as the otherlithostratigraphic ranks (groups, members, beds), itshould be based on field description (i.e., fossil content

and age do not play a role)Mode of deposition (genesis) is not a criterion in thedistinction of lithostratigraphic units; this requiresinterpretation and is therefore likely to undergo revisionover time

Lithostratigraphic units should have some degree ofoverall lithologic homogeneity, although diversity indetail may in itself characterize a lithostratigraphic unit


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Lithostratigrafi Lithostratigraphic units are commonly diachronous , as

opposed to chronostratigraphic units Detailed geologic mapping is usually strongly based on

lithostratigraphy, whereas overview geologic maps

usually show chronostratigraphic units Although objective lithostratigraphic classification should

be as simple and straightforward as possible, realitydemonstrates that this is not always the case; as aresult, in many areas revisions are frequently proposedwhich can lead to extremely complicated and confusingsituations


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Comparison of a lithostratigraphic and a chronostratigraphic correlation andstratigraphic interpretation of two pseudo-wells. After Bashore et al. (1994).

(Reprinted with permission of AAPG, whose permission is required for further use.)


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Comparison of a lithostratigraphic and a chronostratigraphiccorrelation for a series of progradational depositional complexes.

Hiatal surfaces represent time intervals with no significantdeposition. After Frasier (1974). (Reprinted with permission of

AAPG, whose permission is required for further use.)


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Comparison of well log cross-sections correlated on the basis of(A) chronostratigraphy and (B) lithostratigraphy.


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Lithostratigrafi

Satuan lithostratigrafi dikelompokkanmenjadi dua, yaitu: satuan stratigrafi(formal name) dan satuan stratigrafi takresmi (non formal or informal name).

Penggambaran urut-urutan stratigrafi,meliputi tebal masing-masing lapisan,komposisi mineralogi, struktur sedimen,kandungan fosil dan sifat-sifat fisikmencirikan lain kolom lithologi


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Lithostratigrafi Kolom litologi gabungan sistematis dari

kolom lithologi singkapan Kolom lithologi bagian dari kolom

stratigrafi daerah penelitian Bagaimana hubungan keterkaitan antara:

Kolom stratigrafi Kolom lithologi (satuan batuan) Kolom lithologi singkapan


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Kolom lithologi

Kolom stratigrafi suatu daerah yang dipetakansusunan stratigrafis (dua atau lebih) dari kolomlithologi (satuan batuan) suatu daerah yang dipetakan

Kolom lithologi (satuan batuan) Susunan stratigrafi(dua atau lebih) kolom lithologi singkapan batuan yangdijumpai di setiap lokasi pengamatan

Kolom lithologi singkapan batuan hasil pengamatan

secara langsung variasi lithologi (secara stratigrafis) disetiap lokasi pengamatan (dilengkapi dengan hasilanalisa laboratorium)


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Kolom lithologi

Penggambaran urut-urutanstratigrafi, meliputi tebal masing-masing lapisan, komposisi mineralogi,

struktur sedimen, kandungan fosil dan sifat-sifat fisik mencirikan

lain


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Kolom Stratigrafi


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Lithologi bawah permukaan


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Kolom Lithologi

Satuan Stratigrafi

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