Bahasa inggris I semester 3 Keperawatan
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Transcript of Bahasa inggris I semester 3 Keperawatan
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TOPIC 1:
PARTS OF SPEECH AND VOCABULARY
KEGIATAN BELAJAR I
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan mengasah
pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar, Vocabulary,
Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan bidang ilmu
keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu memahami dan menggunakan Vocabulary terkait dengan
bidang keperawatan.
3. Pokok Materi
Functional word
Content word
Pronoun
Verb
Noun
Adjective
4. Uraian Materi
Each word in English belongs to one of the eight parts of speech (Pronoun, Verb,
Noun, Adjective, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Interjection). Each word in
English is also either a content word or a function word.
Content = information, meaning
Function = necessary words for grammar
In other words, content words give us the most important information while
function words are used to stitch those words together.
Content words are usually nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs.
Function words include: auxiliary verbs, prepositions, articles, conjunctions and
pronouns.
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Let us now focus on 8 parts of speech:
EIGHT PARTS OF SPEECH:
1. Verb
2. Noun
3. Pronoun
4. Adjective
5. Adverb
6. Preposition
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection.
1. PRONOUN
Pronoun atau disebut kata ganti digunakan untuk mengganti Noun atau
Pronoun yang lain.
Pronoun digunakan agar kalimat tidak menjadi terlalu rumit dan berulang.
a. Personal Pronoun
Personal Pronoun adalah kata ganti. Daripada menyebut nama orang atau
benda berulang-ulang, bisa diganti menggunakan Personal Pronoun.
Subject
Pronoun
Object
Pronoun
Possessive
Adjective
Possessive
Pronoun
Reflexive
Pronoun
I Me My Mine Myself
You You Your Yours Yourself
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
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We Us Our Ours Ourselves
He Him His his Himself
She Her Her Hers Herself
It It Its Its itself
Examples:
1. I am a Sanitarian.
2. She left me a the campus.
3. This is my book.
4. This book is mine.
5. I see myself in the mirror.
2. VERB
Verb adalah Kata Kerja yang merupakan bagian paling penting dalam
membentuk suatu kalimat,
Verb menerangkan subjek dari suatu kalimat dan menunjukan aksi, peristiwa
atau keadaan.
Verb di sebut juga predikat dari suatu kalimat.
Contoh:
1. Students read a book everyday.
(Verb “read” mendeskripsikan aksi yang dilakukan oleh students setiap hari)
2. In early September, Sanitarian will start an environmental health project.
(Compound Verb “will start” mendeskripsikan aksi yang akan dilakukan
pada suatu waktu di masa depan).
3. I remember my English teacher. She was Miss Carol.
(Verb “remember” menjunkan aksi mental, sedangkan Verb “was” menunjuk
pada seseorang)
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3. NOUN
Noun adalah Kata Benda yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi orang,
binatang, tempat, benda, dan ide abstrak.
Noun biasanya adakah kata-kata pertama yang dipelajari oleh anak.
Contoh
1. Late last year our neighbors bought a goat.
2. Portia White was an opera singer.
3. The bus inspector looked at all the passengers' passes.
4. According to Plutarch, the library at Alexandria was destroyed in 48 B.C.
5. Sanitarians are helpful
4. ADJECTIVE
Adjective adalah kata sifat menerangkan sifat dari Noun atau Pronoun.
Adjective biasanya ditempatkan sebelum noun or pronoun yang
diterangkannya.
Contoh:
Mrs. Morrison papered her kitchen walls with hideous wall paper.
The small boat foundered on the wine dark sea.
The coal mines are dark and dank.
Many stores have already begun to play irritating Christmas music.
A battered music box sat on the mahogany sideboard.
5. Rangkuman
Setiap akata dalam Bahasa Inggris dapat digolongkan kedalam salah satu dari
eight parts of speech (Pronoun, Verb, Noun, Adjective, Adverb, Preposition,
Conjunction, Interjection). Setiap kata dalam Bahasa Inggris juga termasuk Kata
Konten (content words) dan Kata Fungsi (function word)
Terdapat 8 jenis-jenis kata (parts of speech) yaitu Kata Ganti Orang (Pronoun),
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Kata Kerja (Verb), Kata Benda (Noun), Kata Sifat (Adjective), Kata Keterangan
(Adverb), Kata Depan (Pronoun), Kata Penghubung (Conjunction), Kata Seru
(Interjection)
6. Penugasan
Berikan 2 contoh untuk masing-masing Parts of Speech dan buatlah kalimat
menggunakan kata-kata tersebut!
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TOPIC 1:
PARTS OF SPEECH AND VOCABULARY
KEGIATAN BELAJAR II
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
3. Pokok Materi
Adverb
Preposition
Conjunction
Interjection
4. Uraian Materi
Pada Kegiatan Belajar I, kita sudah membahas Parts of Speech yaitu Pronoun,
Vern, Noun, dan Adjective. Pada Kegiatan Belajar II, Kita akan mempelajari
Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, dan Interjection.
5. ADVERB
Adverb adalah kata keterangan yang digunakan untuk menerangkan verb,
adjective, adverb lainya, frase atau klausa.
Adverb menunjukan cara, waktu, tempat, penyebab, atau tingkatan.
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Contoh:
The seamstress quickly made the mourning clothes.
I go to campus everyday
I sleep at 10 o’clock
I study at home
6. PREPOSITION
Preposition atau kata depan menghubungkan nouns, pronoun dan frase
dengan kata-kata lain dalam kalimat.
Kata atau frase yang dirujuk oleh preposisi sebut Object of Preposition
(objek preposisi).
Preposition biasanya menunjukan hubungan yang sementara, spasial dan
logis dari suatu objek.
Contoh:
The book is on the table.
The book is beneath the table.
The book is leaning against the table.
The book is beside the table.
She held the book over the table.
She read the book during class.
7. CONJUNCTION
Conjunction adalah kata penghubung yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan
kata, frase, dan klausa.
Contoh:
I ate the pizza and the pasta.
Call the movers when you are ready.
Examples:
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Coordinating conjunction
and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet
Subordinating conjunction
after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than, that, though,
till, until, when, where, whether, while.
Correlative Conjunctions
both...and, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, so...as,
whether...or."
8. INTERJECTION
Interjection adalah kata yang ditambahkan dalam kalimat untuk
menunjukan emosi.
Interjection tidak terkait secara grammar dengan bagian laiinya dalam
kalimat.
Biasanya Interjection diikuti dengan tanda seru.
Interjection jarang digunakan dalam tulisan akademik, kecuali merupakan
kutipan langsung.
Contoh:
Ouch, that hurt!
Oh no, I forgot that the exam was today.
Hey! Put that down!
I heard one guy say to another guy, "He has a new car, eh?"
I don't know about you but, good lord, I think taxes are too high!
5. Rangkuman
Pada Kegiatan Belajar I, kita sudah membahas Parts of Speech yaitu Pronoun,
Vern, Noun, dan Adjective. Pada Kegiatan Belajar II, Kita akan mempelajari
Adverb (Kata Keterangan), Preposition (Kata Depan), Conjunction (Kata
Penghubung), dan Interjection (Kata Seru).
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TOPIC 2: TENSES
KEGIATAN BELAJAR I
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu memahami Tenses dan membuat kalimat serta menulis
sebuah paragraf menggunakan Tenses yang tepat.
3. Pokok Materi
Tenses Timeline
Simple Present Tense
Present Progressive Tense
Simple Past Tense
Past Progressive Tense
4. Uraian Materi
WHAT IS TENSE?
Tense is pattern of Verb forms used to indicate the time.
(Tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menentukan waktu)
In grammar, Tense is the time of a verb's action or state of being, such as present,
past or future.
(Dalam tata bahasa, Tense menunjukan kapan suatu kejadian atau keadaan
terjadi, apakah waktu sekarang, lampau atau akan datang
Example:
No. Tense Meaning
1. I am going to the hospital now. Saya pergi ke rumah sakit sekarang.
2. I went to hospital yesterday Saya pergi ke kampus kemarin.
3. I will go to hospital tomorrow. Saya akan ke rumah sakit besok.
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TENSE TIMELINE
Subject Pronoun To-be Auxiliary verb
Present Past Present Past
I Am Was
Do
Did
You
Are
Were They
We
He
Is
Was
Does She
It
Verb Tense Overview With Examples
Simple Present
Tense
Present
Progressive Tense
Simple Past
Tense
Past Progressive
Tense
I study English
every day
I am studying
English now
I studied
English two
years ago
I was studying
English, when you
called me
Future Tense
with ‘will’
Future Tense with
‘to be going to’
Simple Perfect Tense
I will study
English tomorrow
I am going to study
English tomorrow
I have studied English for two hours
FUTURE PAST
I went to hospital yesterday
I will go to hospital tomorrow.
I am going to the hospital now.
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Explanation Examples
Repeated Action/Habitual action. I visit my uncle every Friday
Facts that are believed to be true.
Generalizations
Cats hate mice.
The sun rises in the morning.
Scheduled events in the near future The plane takes off at 10 o'clock tonight
Form Examples
+ Subject + Verb + Time Signal My mom cooks every day
- Subject + do/does + Not + Verb + Time
Signal
My mom does not cook everyday
? Do/does + Subject + Verb + Time Signal Does your mom cook everyday?
I, you, they, we Do
He, she, it Does
Time signal: Every day, every month, every year
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Explanation Examples
Action that takes place now / at the moment I am working on my computer
Near future I am leaving tomorrow
Form Examples
+ Subject + To be + Verb-ing + Time Signal My mom is cooking now
- Subject + To be + Not + Verb-ing + Time
Signal
My mom is not cooking now
? To be + Subject + Verb-ing+ Time Signal Is your mom cooking now?
I am
you, they, we are
He, she, it is
Time signal: now, at the moment, right now
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SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Explanation Examples
Completed action in the past. She left yesterday.
To talk about an action that started in the
past and stopped recently.
She woke up, had a shower and left.
To talk about an action that started in the
past and is continuing now.
If I had a million dollar, I would help
the poor.
An action taking place in the middle of
another action.
She was playing when the accident
occurred.
Form Examples
+ Subject + Verb 2 + Time Signal My mom cooked yesterday
- Subject + Did + Not + Verb 1 + Time Signal My mom did not cook yesterday
? Did + Subject + Verb 2 + Time Signal Did your mom cook yesterday?
I, you, they, we, he, she, it Did
Time signal: yesterday, last month, two years ago.
PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Explanation Examples
Actions happening at the same time in the
past.
He was reading a newspaper while his
wife was preparing dinner.
Interrupted action in the past. He was reading a book when the light
went off, had a shower and left.
Form Examples
+ Subject + To Be + Verb-ing+ Time Signal My mom was cooking, when he
came
- Subject + To Be + Not + Verb-ing + Time
Signal
My mom was not cooking, when
he came
? To Be + Subject + Verb-ing + Time Signal Were your mom cooking, when
he came?
I, he, she, it Was
you, they, we Were
Time signal: when he came, when you called, yesterday, two days ago
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5. Rangkuman
Tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menentukan waktu.
Dalam tata bahasa, Tense menunjukan kapan suatu kejadian atau keadaan terjadi,
apakah waktu sekarang, lampau atau akan datang. Simple Present Tense dan
Present Progressive Tense untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi saat sekarang,
Simple Past Tense dan Past Progressive Tense menjelaskan kejadian yang terjadi
waktu lampau.
Setiap Tense mempunyai fungsi dan bentuk kata kerja masing-masing yang
berubah sesuai dengan keterangan waktu (time signal).
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TOPIC 2: TENSES
KEGIATAN BELAJAR II
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu memahami Tenses dan membuat kalimat serta menulis
sebuah paragraf menggunakan Tenses yang tepat.
3. Pokok Materi
Future Tense with Will
Future Tense with To be going to
Simple Perfect Tense
4. Uraian Materi
FUTURE TENSE WITH WILL
Explanation Examples
Instant decisions I've left the door open; I'll close it.
We use the simple future, when we predict a
future situation
She'll pass the exam. She's
hardworking.
We use the simple future with: "I (don't)
think...", "I expect...", "I am sure...", "I
wonder...", "probably".
It will probably rain tonight
Conditional sentence type one If I have enough time, I'll watch the
film.
Form Examples
+ Subject + Will + Verb 1 + Time Signal My mom will cook tomorrow.
- Subject + Will + Not + Verb 1 + Time
Signal Signal
My mom will not cook
tomorrow.
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? Will + Subject + Verb 1 + Time Signal Will your mom cook tomorrow?
I, he, she, it, you, they, we Will
Time signal: tomorrow, two days later, next moth, next year.
FUTURE TENSE WITH TO BE GOING TO
Explanation Examples
Express plan She is going to Hawaii for the next vacation
Express a prediction 2017 is going to be an interesting year.
Form Examples
+ Subject + To be + going to + Verb 1 + Time
Signal
My mom is going to cook
tomorrow.
- Subject + To be + Not + going to + Verb 1 +
Time Signal Signal
My mom is not going to cook
tomorrow.
? To be + Subject + going to + Verb 1 + Time
Signal Signal
Is your mom going to cook
tomorrow?
I am
He, she, it is
you, they, we are
Time signal: tomorrow, two days later, next moth, next year.
SIMPLE PERFECT TENSE
Explanation Examples
To talk about experiences I have been to Italy.
Past action that has the result in the present. She has read that book.
Action which started in the past and
continued up to now.
I have lived in this town for 12 years.
Form Examples
+ Subject + Have/Has + Verb 3 + Time
Signal
My mom has cooked for two hours.
- Subject + Have/Has + Not + Verb 3 +
Time Signal
My mom has not cooked for two
hours.
? Have/Has + Subject + Verb 3 + Time
Signal
Has your mom cooked for two
hours?
He, she, it Has
I, you, they, we Have
Time signal: For, since
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5. Rangkuman
Tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menentukan waktu.
Dalam tata bahasa, Tense menunjukan kapan suatu kejadian atau keadaan terjadi,
apakah waktu sekarang, lampau atau akan datang. Simple Present Tense dan
Present Progressive Tense untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi saat sekarang,
Simple Past Tense dan Past Progressive Tense menjelaskan kejadian yang terjadi
waktu lampau.
Setiap Tense mempunyai fungsi dan bentuk kata kerja masing-masing yang
berubah sesuai dengan keterangan waktu (time signal).
6. Penugasan
Kerjakanlah latihan dibawah ini!
Latihan 1: Gunakan Simple Present Tense dan Present Continues Tense
1. Every Monday, Sally _____________ (drive) her kids to football practice.
2. Usually, I _____________ (work) as a secretary at ABT, but this summer I
_____________ (study) French at a language school in Paris. That is why I
am in Paris.
3. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John _____________ (sleep) .
4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It _____________ (rain) .
5. I hate living in Seattle because it _____________ (rain, always) .
6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you _____________ (say) because everybody
_____________ (talk) so loudly.
7. Justin _____________ (write, currently) a book about his adventures in Tibet.
I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished.
8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight?
Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I _____________ (go) to a movie tonight with
some friends.
7. The business cards _____________ (be, normally ) printed by a company in
New York. Their prices _____________ (be) inexpensive, yet the quality of
their work is quite good.
8. This delicious chocolate _____________ (be) made by a small chocolatier in
Zurich, Switzerland.
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Latihan 2: Gunakan Simple Present Tense dan Simple Past Tense
1. Look, I _____________ (have) two tickets for the circus.
Look, I _____________ (hold) two tickets for the circus.
2. We _______ (be) there for more than half an hour by the time the show began.
We ________ (wait) there for more than half an hour by the time the show
began.
3. Sam ____________ (sit) in the seat next to me when the clown threw a bucket
of water at me.
Sam _______________ (be) in the seat next to me when the clown threw a
bucket of water at me.
4. One clown was juggling while he _____ (balance) a glass of wine on his head.
One clown was juggling while he ______ (have) a glass of wine on his head.
5. I _______________ (love) the circus ever since I was a child.
I _________ (go) to the circus ever since I was a child.
6. Right now, I _________ (see) two elephants doing tricks in the ring.
Right now, I _________ (look) at two elephants doing tricks in the ring.
Latihan 3: Gunakan Simple Present Tense dan Simple Future Tense
1. Today after I ____________ (get) out of class, I ____________ (go) to a
movie with some friends.
2. When you ____________ (arrive) in Stockholm, call my friend Gustav. He
____________ (show) you around the city and help you get situated.
3. A: Do you know what you want to do after you (graduate)?
B: After I ___________ (receive) my Master's from Georgetown University, I
___________ (go) to graduate school at UCSD in San Diego. I
___________ (plan) to complete a Ph.D. in cognitive science.
4. If it ___________ (snow) this weekend, we ___________ (go) skiing near
Lake Tahoe.
5. Your father ___________ (plan) to pick you up after school today at 3:00
o'clock. He ___________ (meet) you across the street near the ice cream
shop. If something happens and he cannot be there, I ___________ (pick) you
up instead.
6. If the people of the world ___________ (stop, not) cutting down huge
stretches of rain forest, we ___________ (experience) huge changes in the
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environment during the twenty-first century.
7. If Vera ___________ (keep) drinking, she ___________ (lose, eventually)
her job.
8. I promise you that I ___________ (tell, not) your secret to anybody. Even if
somebody ___________ (ask) me about what happened that day, I
___________ (reveal, not) the truth to a single person.
9. She (make) some major changes in her life. She ___________ (quit) her job
and go back to school. After she ___________ (finish) studying,
she___________ (get) a better-paying job and buy a house. She is going to
improve her life!
10. Tom ___________ (call) when he ___________ (arrive) in Madrid. He
___________ (stay) with you for two or three days until his new apartment
___________ (be) available.
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TOPIC 3:LISTENING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR I
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu mendengar dan memahami percakapan dalam Bahasa Inggris
terkait bidang Keperawatan.
3. Pokok Materi
Mendengarkan percakapan antara sesama perawat
Mendengarkan percakapan antara perawat dengan dokter
4. Uraian Materi
Ketrampilan mendengarkan hanya bisa diasah dengan banyak berlatih
mendengarkan percakapan atau pun berbagai audio dalam Bahasa Inggris.
Latihan mendengarkan perlu dilakukan terus-menerus agar ketrampilan
mendengarkan khususnya percakapan dalam Bahasa Inggris terkait bidang
keperawatan dan kesehatan makin mahir.
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Dengarkanlah percakapan dibawah ini, dan isilah bagian yang di
kosongkan!
Mendengarkan percakapan antara sesama perawat
Nurse A : Good __________(1) Nurse, what about the condition of
Patient in __________(2)?
Nurse B : Good morning too nurse, the condition is getting
__________(3).
Nurse A : That’s good, has the __________(4) visited the him?
Nurse B : Not yet, maybe this __________(5).
Nurse A : Has he taken any __________________(6)?
Nurse B : Yes, paracatemol and some __________(7) because she got a
_______________(8) last night.
Nurse A : What about his _____________(9)?
Nurse B : It’s normal now.
Nurse A : Great, let’s __________(10) his condition again.
Nurse B : Ok
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Mendengarkan percakapan antara perawat dengan dokter
Doctor : Are you taking an __________(1) contraceptive?
Patient : No, I am not. I use IUD instead.
Doctor : Do you have any of the following _____________(2) or
diseases? Such as, vomiting and stomached?
Patient : Yes I have, it’s been for __________(4) days I feel pain
in my stomach.
Doctor : Do you __________(5) vegetables?
Patient : Yes, I like __________(6).
Doctor : Are you __________(7) to certain foods?
Patient : Yes, I am allergic to shrimps.
Doctor : How are your __________(8) habits?
Patient : They are __________(9). I pass a stool every morning.
Doctor : What about your bladder habits?
Patient : I have a painful __________(10).
5. Rangkuman
Ketrampilan mendengarkan hanya bisa diasah dengan banyak berlatih
mendengarkan percakapan atau pun berbagai audio dalam Bahasa Inggris.
Latihan mendengarkan perlu dilakukan terus-menerus agar ketrampilan
mendengarkan khususnya percakapan dalam Bahasa Inggris terkait bidang
keperawatan dan kesehatan makin mahir.
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TOPIC 3: LISTENING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR II
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu mendengar dan memahami percakapan dalam Bahasa Inggris
terkait bidang Keperawatan.
3. Pokok Materi
Mendengarkan percakapan antara perawat dengan pasien
4. Uraian Materi
Mendengarkan percakapan antara perawat dengan pasien
Nurse : Hi, Mrs. Daniel. How are you today?
Patient : I am fine __________(1) , thanks.
Nurse : I want to check your condition. How is your __________(2) habit?
Patient : Good, I eat regularly, __________(3) times a day.
Nurse : That’s good, but I think you should __________(4) your eating habit.
Patient : What do you mean?
Nurse : Should eat small __________(5) but frequently.
Patient : Oh I see.
Nurse : We should measure your weight and perform your oral _______(6) too.
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5. Rangkuman
Ketrampilan mendengarkan hanya bisa diasah dengan banyak berlatih
mendengarkan percakapan atau pun berbagai audio dalam Bahasa Inggris.
Latihan mendengarkan perlu dilakukan terus-menerus agar ketrampilan
mendengarkan khususnya percakapan dalam Bahasa Inggris terkait bidang
keperawatan dan kesehatan makin mahir.
6. Penugasan
Dengarkanlah audio dapat berupa percakapan maupun ceramah tentang bidang
keperawatan dalam Bahasa Inggris (dapat dicari di youtube), lalu pahami dan
ceritakan kembali apa yang anda dengarkan!
Patient : Okay.
Nurse : Let me help you to __________(7) your weight.
Patient : Thank you.
Nurse : You also need to __________(8) your teeth after taking meals and
taking a bath.
Patient : Sure.
Nurse : Any questions sir?
Patient : No, thanks
Nurse : Excuse me, I will record your food __________(9) and output
Patient : Sure and thank you.
Nurse : Your welcome sir, take a rest and get __________(10) soon.
Patient : Sure and thank you.
25
TOPIC 4: READING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR I
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu memahami teknik bacaan dan bacaan dalam Bahasa Inggris
terkait bidang Keperawatan
3. Pokok Materi
SQ3R
KWL
4. Uraian Materi
S Q 3 R
The SQ3R Reading Method is used to:
1. It is a way to read academic material such as textbooks, articles, research
studies or manuals that can increase your comprehension of what you are
reading and improve your ability to recall it.
2. With the SQ3R method, your active involvement in the reading process is
required – in fact, it is demanded! Reading textbooks is hard work. But the
SQ3R method can make that work less difficult and perhaps, even a little more
interesting.
Why SQ3R?
Evidence of the success of this method has been obtained from several studies.
In one experiment several sections of a how-to-study class measured their reading
ability (reading rate and comprehension accuracy) on a test that dealt with the
26
history of Canada. They were then given practice in the use of the SQ3R Method
for several days, after which they took another comparable reading test. Before
training in SQ3R, the average reading level for the classes was at only 34%, but
after training, it was at the 53%.
In another experiment, two quizzes of equal difficulty were prepared. For the
first quiz, the students studied their own way, but for the second quiz, they were
shown how to predict quiz questions with the SQ3R method. The average number
of errors on the first quiz was 15, but on the second quiz the average was only 6.
Steps in the SQ3R Method
The title for this new higher-level study skill is abbreviated to make it easier to
remember and to make reference to it simpler. The acronym SQ3R stands for the
steps that the student follows in using the method: Survey, Question, Read,
Recite, Review. A description of each of these steps is given below.
1. Survey
Skim the following: the title of the chapter, the introduction, the
table of contents and any illustrations, charts or graphs and the
summary paragraph. Note any unknown vocabulary and find a
definition. Most importantly, skim the section headings and the first
sentences of each paragraph to find the main points that will be
developed. This orientation should not take more than a few
minutes (make a conscious effort to look only at the headings, etc.)
but will help you to organize the ideas as you read them later.
2. Question
Turn the first heading, or the first sentence of the first paragraph,
into a question. This will arouse your curiosity and so increase your
active involvement and comprehension, and the question will make
important points stand out while explanatory detail is recognized as
such. Turning a heading into a question can be done instantly upon
reading the heading, but it demands a conscious effort on your part
to make this a query for which you must read to find the answer.
3. Read
Read to answer that question, i.e., to the end of the first headed
section. This is not a passive plodding along each line, but an active
search for the answer. Underline only key words--never whole
paragraphs. Use a dictionary if necessary to look up unfamiliar
27
vocabulary. The reader should definitely have in mind what he
wants to learn as he reads each section and not just passively read it
line by line.
4. Recite
Having read the first section, look away from the book and try
briefly to recite in your own words the answer to your question
(aloud, if possible). If you can do this you know what is in the
section; if you can’t, skim the section again and repeat the exercise
of reciting. An excellent way to do this reciting from memory is to
jot down cue phrases in outline form on a sheet of paper. Make
these notes very brief!
Now repeat steps 2, 3, and 4 on each subsequent headed section.
That is, turn the next heading into a question, read to answer that
question, recite the answer and check your accuracy. Read in this
way until the entire chapter is completed, taking very brief breaks
between sections as needed.
5. Review
When the chapter or selection has thus been completely read, look
over your notes review the points and their relationship to one
another. Check your memory by reciting the major points under
each heading and the sub- points under each major point. You can
do this by covering up the notes and trying to recall the information.
Review daily during the period of time before your exam.
Summary
These five steps of the SQ3R Method, if applied and practiced, should result in
an increase in reading comprehension, an improved ability to identify important
points and better retention of the material. You should also discover one other
worthwhile outcome: happily, test questions will seem familiar, because the
headings you turned into questions are usually the points the instructor will
emphasize on exams!
*Sources: University of Illinois website and Fraser, L. (1996). Making your mark (5th ed.)
December 2002
28
K W L
KWL is intended to be an exercise for a study group or class that can guide
you in reading and understanding a text. You can adapt it to working alone, but
discussions definitely help. It is composed of only three stages that reflect a
worksheet of three columns with the three letters:
What we
Know
What we
Want to know
What we
Learned
K stands for Know
▪ The first stage is think first about the topic, then list, what you know about
the topic before reading! This provides you with a background to the new
material, building a scaffold to support it. Think of it as a pre-reading
inventory.
▪ Brainstorm! Before looking at the text, think of keywords, terms, or phrases
about the topic, either in your class or a study group.
▪ Record these in the K column of your chart until you cannot think of more.
▪ Engage your group in a discussion about what you wrote in the K column.
▪ Organize the entries into general categories.
W stands for Will or Want
The second stage is to list a series of questions of what you want to know
more of the subject, based upon what you listed in K.
▪ Preview the text’s table of contents, headings, pictures, charts etc. Discuss
what you want to learn
▪ List some thoughts on what you want, or expect to learn, generally or
specifically. Think in terms of what you will learn, or what do you want to
learn about this.
▪ Turn all sentences into questions before writing them down. They will help
you focus your attention during reading.
▪ List the questions by importance.
29
L stands for Learned
The final stage is to answer your questions, as well as to list what new
information you have learned. Either while reading or after you have finished.
▪ List out what you learn as you read, either by section, or after the whole
work, whichever is comfortable for you.
▪ Check it against the W column, what you wanted to learn
▪ Create symbols to indicate main ideas, surprising ideas, questionable ideas,
and those you don’t understand!
*Sources: http://www.studygs.net/texred3.htm
5. Rangkuman
Ada beberapa metode atau teknik membaca diantaranya SQ3R, KWL, 5W1H,
Skimming and scanning Technique. Kegiatan belajar ini fokus kepada dua teknik
yaitu SQ3R dan KWL. SQ3R adalah singkatan dari Survey (survey), Question
(bertanya), Read (membaca), Recite (merangkum), Review (Tinjauan kembali).
Teknik ini sangat bermanfaat jika kita ingin mendalami dan memahami suatu
bacaan.
Selain SQ3R dapat juga menggunakan teknik KWL yang merupakan singkat
dari Know (apa yang diketahui), Want (apa yang ingin diketahui), Learn (apa
yang dipelajari). Teknik ini sangat efektif karena sebelum membaca, kita perlu
menggali informasi apa yang kita telah ketahui terlebih dahulu tentang topik yang
akan dibaca, kemudian mencari tahu informasi apa yang ingin kita dapat dari dari
bacaan tersebut serta menemukan dan mempelajari informasi tersebut.
6. Penugasan
Carilah bacaan tentang keperawatan, lalu gunakan teknik SQ3R atau KWL,
kemudian buatlah ringkasan!
30
TOPIC 4: READING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR II
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu memahami teknik bacaan dan bacaan dalam Bahasa
Inggris terkait bidang Keperawatan
3. Pokok Materi
5 W & 1 H
Skimming anda scanning technique
4. Uraian Materi
5 Ws and 1 H
5 W's and an H: to help me understand details of what I read.
A sk detailed questions to go with the main ideas.
▪ For each of the main ideas that you have identified in a reading, ask
yourself questions starting with the 5 Ws and 1 H question words.
W ho
▪ Identify the characters in the reading and make a list of them.
▪ Draw connecting lines between the characters and describe to yourself the
relationship between the characters.
W hat
▪ Identify the events or actions and make a list of them.
▪ Draw connecting lines between the events or actions to show the
31
relationship between them.
▪ Draw connecting lines between the characters and the events as you
describe to yourself the relationship between them.
Where
▪ Identify all the places in the reading and make a list of them.
▪ Draw connecting lines between places, events and characters as you
describe to yourself the relationship among them.
W hen
▪ Identify all the time factors in the reading and make a list of them.
▪ Draw connecting lines between time factors, places, events and characters
as you describe to yourself the relationship among them.
Why
▪ Identify causes for events of actions and make a list of them.
▪ Draw connecting lines from the causes to effects on the characters, events,
places, or times as you describe to yourself the relationship among them.
How
▪ Identify the way events took place and make a list of them.
▪ Draw connecting lines between the way events took place and other
factors as you describe to yourself the relationship among them.
SKIMMING AND SCANNING
Skimming dan Scanning adalah dua teknik membaca cepat yang
dapat membantu kita dalam membaca dan memahami teks yang banyak dan
panjang secara cepat. Teknik ini memiliki proses yang sama namun dengan
tujuan yang berbeda.
Skimming adalah teknik membaca cepat dengan memindahkan mata
dengan cepat pada teks dengan tujuan untuk memndapatkan HANYA IDE
UTAMA dan gambaran umum mengenai isi dari suatu bacaan.
Skimming dapat dilakukan untuk 1000 kata per menit.
32
Skimming bermanfaat untuk tiga situasi dibawah ini:
1. Pre-reading (Pra-membaca)
Skimming lebih mendalam dari preview simple dan memberikan
gambaran yang lebih akurat tentang teks yang dibaca
2. Reviewing (Meninjau kembali)
Skimming meninjau kembali teks yang telah dibaca.
3. Reading (Membaca)
Skimming sering digunakan untuk membaca cepat suatu teks dengan
tujuan tertentu namun tidak perlu melihat secara detail informasi
pendukung dari suatu teks.
Langkah-langkah dalam melakukan Skimming:
1. Bacalah judul karena dengan membaca judul, kita dapat dengan mudah
mengetahui isi bacaan dengan cepat.
2. Bacalah sub-judul dengan cepat, jika ada. Lihatlah hubungan dari setiap
sub-judul.
3. Baca seluruh paragraf pertama sampai selesai.
4. Bacalah kata pertama dari setiap paragraf berikutnya.
a. Idea utama dari kebanyakan paragraph ada di kalimat pertama
b. Jika penulis mulai dengan pertanyaan atau anecdote, maka kalimat
terakhir dari paragraf merupakan ide utama.
5. Perhatikan gambar, chart atau grafik
6. Perhatikan kata atau kalimat yang di garis miring atau di pertebal
7. Baca ringkasan, kesimpulan, atau paragraf terakhir sampai selesai
Scanning adalah teknik membaca cepat dengan tujuan untuk mencari
informasi spesifik dengan cepat. Fokuslah mencari informasi spesifik yang
anda butuhkan dan abaikan informasi yang tidak relevan.
Skimming dapat dilakukan untuk 1500 kata atau lebih per menit.
Scanning bermanfaat untuk mencari informasi spesifik seperti nama,
data, statistic, fakta tanpa membaca seluruh artikel sampai selesai.
33
Langkah-langkah dalam melakukan Scanning:
1. Tentukan informasi spesifik yang ingin dicari.
2. Antisipasi jawabannya dan petunjuk yang menolong anda untuk mencari
jawabannya. Sebagai contoh, jika mencari tanggal suatu kejadian, maka
bacalah dengan cepat bacaan tersebut dengan fokus pada angka.
3. Gunakanlah sub-judul atau petunjuk lainnya untuk membantu anda
menemukan informasi spesifik yang dicari.
4. Baca secara selektif dan lewati bagian yang tidak relevan.
5. Jika menemukan kalimat yang memuat informasi yang dicari, maka bacalah
sampai selesai.
6. Dalam scanning, banyak bagian dalam bacaan yang harus dilewati tanpa
harus membaca dan memahaminya. Fokuslah hanya mencari informasi
yang diinginkan.
5. Rangkuman
5 W dan 1 H adalah metode membaca menggunakan kata Tanya yaitu What,
When, Where, Why, Who dan How. Metode ini dapat menolong pembaca untuk
memahami secara detail suatu bacaan. Karen mereka akan menggali pertanyaan
dan menemukan jawabannya melalui bacaan tersebut.
Skimming dan Scanning adalah dua teknik membaca cepat yang dapat
membantu kita dalam membaca dan memahami teks yang banyak dan panjang
secara cepat. Teknik ini memiliki proses yang sama namun dengan tujuan yang
berbeda.
6. Penugasan
Carilah bacaan tentang keperawatan, lalu gunakan teknik 5W 1H atau
Skimming and scanning technique, kemudian buatlah ringkasan!
34
TOPIC 5: SPEAKING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR I
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu membuat percakapan dan berbicara dalam Bahasa Inggris
terkait bidang Keperawatan
3. Pokok Materi
Membuat percakapan
4. Uraian Materi
Making Conversation in English
One of the hardest steps in learning a foreign language is finding the
confidence to start a conversation. This is especially difficult when the other
person is a native speaker. Here are some tips to help you break the ice.
Opening lines
The first step is to break the ice (start the conversation). You can introduce
yourself with: "Hello, my name is..." or try a more relaxed approach like "Hi,
I'm..." You can follow up your greeting with a simple question like "Where do
you come from?" or a comment on the weather if you're outside, e.g. "It's really
cold today isn't it?"
It's a good idea to start with something easy and impersonal to help you build
your confidence. The subject of weather is an easy one that everyone in the world
is able to talk about!
Suitable Topics
35
A good way to keep a conversation going is to talk about something you've
got in common. For example if you meet someone at a party, you could ask them
how they know the host. Or if you're standing in line for the bus, you could sigh
and say "Don't you just hate waiting in line!"
After that, the best thing to do is to ask your new friend about him or herself:
"Where do you work?" or "What do you like to do in your spare time?" are good
questions when getting to know someone. Remember, everyone likes to talk
about themselves!
Appropriate Responses
To keep a conversation going it's important to respond to what people say, for
example "That must be interesting!" or "Really? I've never tried that." You could
also repeat what the person says and ask a follow-up question, like "You lived in
Paris? For how long?"
Ending of conversation
If you want to finish the conversation, you can say good bye or you can
politely excuse by telling that you need to do something else.
Starting a conversation with a colleague:
In the office, you use slightly more formal English, such as these common
expressions:
▪ Hi, John. How are you doing?
▪ How’s your day going?
▪ We’re sure having a busy/slow day today.
▪ Have you heard the news about ________?
▪ (on Friday): Have you got any plans for the weekend?
(on Monday): How was your weekend?
36
Contoh Percakapan:
Conversation between patient and nurse:
asking for and responding advice
Patient : Good morning nurse.
Nurse : Good morning, what can I do for you?
Patient : I need some advice. Yesterday, after having lunch, I saw some
red spots in my skin. Some are big and some are small. The big
red spots are around my arms and legs. The small red spots are
around my chest. They are itchy and I my eyes are swollen.
Nurse : Let me check first. Ok, I think you should see the doctor. I think
you are allergic to something. What did you eat yesterday?
Patient : I ate a plate of shrimps.
Nurse : I think you are allergic to shrimps.
Patient : What should I do?
Nurse : You had better see a doctor.
Patient : What do you suggest? Do I see the general practitioner or the
dermatologist?
Nurse : You might see the general practitioner and he will refer you to a
dermatologist.
Patient : Ok. Thank you nurse.
Nurse : Before you leave, I advise you to drink a lot of water and if you
want to eat shrimps, you must take some medicines first.
Patient : Thank you for your advice.
Nurse : You’re welcome and get well soon.
5. Rangkuman
Percakapan dimulai dengan salam pembuka (opening lines), lalu ketika
pembicaraan sedang berlangsung berikanlah respon yang tepat (appropriate
response) untuk menunjukan bahwa kita mendengarkan apa yang mereka
katakan. Lalu untuk megakhiri percapakan (ending of conversation) dapat dengan
37
dilakukan dengan mengucapkan salam perpisahan atau meninggalkan percakapan
secara sopan dengan mengatakan bahwa akan melakukan pekerjaan lainnya.
6. Penugasan
Buatlah percakapan dengan teman dengan topik keperawatan atau kesehatan!
38
TOPIC 6: SPEAKING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR II
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu membuat percakapan dan berbicara dalam Bahasa Inggris
terkait bidang Keperawatan
3. Pokok Materi
Mempraktekan percakapan
4. Uraian Materi
Dalam melakukan percakapan dalam Bahasa Inggris ada beberapa hal yang
perlu diperhatikan yaitu intonasi (intonation), pelafalan (pronounciation), dan
bahasa atau kata yang di pakai (language or vocabulary). Intonasi harus sesuai
dan pelafalan harus jelas. Bahasa dan kata yang dipilih pun haru sesuai dengan
konteks.
Praktekanlah percakapan di bawah ini dengna intonasi dan pelafalan yang
tepat!
Conversation between patient and nurse:
asking for and responding advice
Patient : Good morning nurse.
Nurse : Good morning, what can I do for you?
Patient : I need some advice. Yesterday, after having lunch, I saw some
red spots in my skin. Some are big and some are small. The big
red spots are around my arms and legs. The small red spots are
39
around my chest. They are itchy and I my eyes are swollen.
Nurse : Let me check first. Ok, I think you should see the doctor. I think
you are allergic to something. What did you eat yesterday?
Patient : I ate a plate of shrimps.
Nurse : I think you are allergic to shrimps.
Patient : What should I do?
Nurse : You had better see a doctor.
Patient : What do you suggest? Do I see the general practitioner or the
dermatologist?
Nurse : You might see the general practitioner and he will refer you to a
dermatologist.
Patient : Ok. Thank you nurse.
Nurse : Before you leave, I advise you to drink a lot of water and if you
want to eat shrimps, you must take some medicines first.
Patient : Thank you for your advice.
Nurse : You’re welcome and get well soon.
5. Rangkuman
Dalam melakukan percakapan dalam Bahasa Inggris ada beberapa hal yang
perlu diperhatikan yaitu intonasi (intonation), pelafalan (pronounciation), dan
bahasa atau kata yang di pakai (language or vocabulary). Intonasi harus sesuai
dan pelafalan harus jelas. Bahasa dan kata yang dipilih pun haru sesuai dengan
konteks.
6. Penugasan
Praktekanlah percakapan yang sudah anda buat dengan teman dengan topik
keperawatan atau kesehatan!
40
TOPIC 7: WRITING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR I
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu menulis Asuhan Keperawatan dalam Bahasa Inggris.
3. Pokok Materi
Mahasiswa memahami format Asuhan Keperawatan dalam Bahasa Inggris
4. Uraian Materi
Pelajarilah format Asuhan keperawatan di bawah ini:
Template of Nursing Care Report
NURSING CARE REPORT
I. Patient’s identity
Name : ___________________________________________
Age : ___________________________________________
Sex : ___________________________________________
Address : ___________________________________________
Nationality : ___________________________________________
Education :
___________________________________________
Occupation : ___________________________________________
Marital Status : ___________________________________________
Religion : ___________________________________________
Date of Assessment : ___________________________________________
Source of Information : ___________________________________________
Date of Admission :
___________________________________________
II. Patient’s history
1. Patient’s chief complaint on admission:
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Patient’s current medical case history:
41
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Patient’s past medical case history:
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Patent’s family medical history:
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Medical diagnosis:
_____________________________________________________________________
6. Intervention:
_____________________________________________________________________
III. Current Assessment (Before and after admission)
1. Perception and health maintenance:
____________________________________________________________________
2. Nutritional metabolic pattern:
a. Hospital dietary
_________________________________________________________________
b. Food intake
_________________________________________________________________
c. Liquid intake
_________________________________________________________________
3. Elimination Pattern
a. Bowel movement
_________________________________________________________________
b. Bladder
_________________________________________________________________
4. Activity and exercise pattern:
Self Care 0 1 2 3 4
Eat / Drink
Take a bath
Toileting
Get Dress
Bed mobilization
Movement
Body Alignment and Range of Motion
*Note: 0: independent, 1: using aid, 2: dependent, 3: dependent and using
aid, 4: depend on oxygen
5. Sleeping and Resting Pattern
_________________________________________________________________
6. Perceptual Pattern
a. Vision
________________________________________________________________
b. Hearing
_______________________________________________________________
c. Taste
________________________________________________________________
d. Sensation
________________________________________________________________
42
7. Relationship Pattern
(Communication, relationship with others, financial support)
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
8. Stress Management
(Changes have happened in patients’ life recently)
____________________________________________________________________
9. Norms and Believe
(Patients’ view about religion and religious activities, etc)
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
DATA ANALYSIS
No Data Etiology Problems
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
NURSING PLAN
No. Diagnosis Purpose Intervention plan Rationale
IMPLEMENTATION
No. Date Preparation Implementation Signature
EVALUATION
No. Date Nursing
diagnosis
Evaluation
Subjective Objective Analysis Planning
43
5. Rangkuman
Laporan keperawatan terdiri dari beberapa bagian yaitu identitas pasien
(patient’s identity), riwayat pasien (patient’s history), pengkajian terkini (current
assessment), analisa data (data analysis), diagnosa keperawatan (nursing
diagnosis), rencana keperawatan (nursing plan), implementasi (implementation),
dan evaluasi (evaluation)
44
TOPIC 8: WRITING
KEGIATAN BELAJAR II
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.
2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu menulis Asuhan Keperawatan dalam Bahasa Inggris.
3. Pokok Materi
Mahasiswa menulis Asuhan Keperawatan dalam Bahasa Inggris
4. Uraian Materi
Dalam menulis laporan asuhan keperawatan, ada beberap hal yang perlu
diperhatikan:
Writing tips
Ensure the statements are factual and recorded in consecutive order, as they
happen. Only record what you, as the nurse, see, hear, or do.
Do not use jargon, meaningless phrases, or personal opinions (e.g., “the
patient's vision appears blurred” or “the patient's vision appears to be
improving”). If you want to make a comment about changes in the patient's
vision, check the visual acuity and record it.
Do not use an abbreviation unless you are sure that it is commonly
understood and in general use. For example, BP and VA are in general use
and would be safe to use on records when commenting on blood pressure
and visual acuity, respectively.
Do not speculate, make offensive statements, or use humour about the
patient. Patients have the right to see their records!
45
If you make an error, cross it out with one clear line through it, and sign.
Do not use sticky labels or correction fluid.
Write legibly and in clear, short sentences.
Remember, some information you have been given by the patient may be
confidential. Think carefully and decide whether it is necessary to record it
in writing where anyone may be able to read it; all members of the eye care
team, and also the patient and relatives, have a right to access nursing
records.
5. Rangkuman
Dalam menulis laporan asuhan keperawatan, ada beberap hal yang perlu
diperhatikan yaitu informasinya harus faktual dan ditulis secara sistematis, jangan
menggunakan singkatan atau istilah yang tidak lazim, jangan menambahkan
pernyataan yang tidak perlu, jika membuat kesalahan langsung di silang jangan
ditanda-tangani jangan di hapus, tulislah dengan tulisan yang jelas dan dapat di
baca serta pertimbangkan beberapa informasi rahasi yang perlu ditulis atau tidak
karena informasi tersebut bisa saja tidak boleh diketahui oleh banyak orang!
6. Penugasan
Buatlah suatu kasus dan tulislah laporan keperawatan menggunakan format
yang ada serta memperhatikan tips penulisan laporan keperawatan!