Bab3 Lap.khusus Eva

BABIIIMETODOLOGI3.1 PengumpulanDataUntuk menganalisa seberapa efisien furnace (F-101 Unit 37 ROPP), dilihat dari seberapa besar panas/kalor pembakaran bahan bakar fuel gas yang ditransformasikan sebagai output energi panas yang diserap furnace dengan seberapa besar energi panas hilang di stack sebagai gas cerobong, Untuk perhitugan tersebut dibutuhkan data-data berupa karakteristik dan kondisi operasi furnace, data NHV (Net Heating Value) dan flowrate bahan bakar/fuel gas beserta komposisinya, serta data operasional lainnya yang diambil dari tanggal 1 Februari sampai dengan 16 Februari 2015,3.2 Pengolahan DataBerikut ini diagram alir singkat beberapa poin yang harus dicari untuk menentukan efisiensi furnace.

Gambar 1. Diagram alir poin-poin perhitungan efisiensi furnaceUntuk menentukan efisiensi furnace, dilakukan perhitungan rasio selisih heat absorb dan heat loss terhadap heat absorb-nya, berdasarkan perumusan berikut ini :

..3.1Heat absorb adalah penjumlahan dari air (udara) and fuel sensible heat correction (Ha + Hf), atomizing sensible heat (Hm), serta LHV bahan bakar

....3.2Dengan perincian sebagai berikut :

...3.3

...3.4

....3.5

....3.6

.3.7Sedangkan Heat loss adalah penjumlahan antara kehilangan panas di gas cerobong (total stack loss) dengan radiant heat loss (Qr)

..3.8

Dengan :

..3.9Dan total stack loss adalah penjumlahan antara gas CO2, uap air, gas N2 dan udara yang berada di stack,

.......3.10Yang masing-masingnya dihitung dengan persamaan di bawah ini :

..3.11

.....3.12

...3.13

...3.14Dengan :

...3.15

.3.16

......3.17

..3.18

...3.19

.3.20

...3.21Data moisture in air dan vapor pressure dihitung dengan persamaan berikut :

.....3.22

...3.24

..3.25

3.26

3.27Keterangan :

Air and fuel sensible heat correction: koreksi panas sensibel udara dan bahan bakar

Atomizing sensible heat

: panas sensibel atomHeat

: panas yang diserap

Heat loss

: panas yang hilang

Excess air

: udara berlebih

Air required

: udara yang dibutuhkan

water vapor

: uap air

: tekanan uap

Moisture in air

: kelembaban di udara

: O2 konten dalam gas buang

: kelembaban relativeCO2 formed

: CO2 yang terbentukBAB IVHASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN4.1 Hasil Berikut ini hasil perhitungan nilai efisiensi furnace 37F101 dan 38F101 ROPP dari tanggal 01 Februari hingga 16 Februari,Tabel 4.1.1Hasil perhitungan nilai efisiensi furnaceTanggal (%)

Unit 37Unit 38

1/2/201584,3654,85

2/2/201581,6956,94

3/2/201584,1356,92

4/2/201583,1366,09

5/2/201584,2179,29

6/2/201584,4358,21

7/2/201584,3361,08

8/2/201584,2062,55

9/2/201584,1761,74

10/2/201583,1161,90

11/2/201583,8458,96

12/2/201584,2458,48

13/2/201584,0654,58

14/2/201583,6357,72

15/2/201583,7956,55

16/2/201583,7056,04

Gambar 1. Kurva nilai efisiensi furnace unit 37 dan 38 pada tanggal 1-16 Februari 2015

4.2 Pembahasan

Berdasarkan perhitungan dan analisa terhadap furnace unit 37 dan unit 38 dari tanggal 1 Februari sampai dengan 16 Februari, didapatkan hasil efisiensi pada 37-F-101 berkisar antara 81,69% 84,43% sedangkan pada 38-F-101 nilai efisiensinya lebih rendah yaitu berkisar antara 54,58% - 79,29%. Perbedaan nilai tinggi dan rendahnya efisiensi furnace ini dikarenakan pengaruh dari beberapa faktor yaitu:

Perbedaan temperatur stack atau temperatur gas keluaran (gas cerobong). Semakin rendah temperatur stack, maka semakin tinggi nilai efisiensi, begitupun sebaliknya semakin tinggi temperatur stack, maka efisiensi yang dihasilkan semakin kecil. Hal ini dikarenakan jika temperatur stack tinggi maka semakin banyak panas yang terbuang ke lingkungan melalui stack, sehingga panas yang diserap oleh bagian internal furnace semakin sedikit dan efisiensi furnace tersebut rendah. Temperatur rata-rata stack furnace unit 37 yakni 291,98oC sementara furnace unit 38 yakni 679,10oC. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan nilai heat loss (panas yang hilang) masing-masing untuk furnace 37 dan 38 rata-rata sebesar 3304,692 dan 8160,138 Btu/lb bahan bakar. Heat loss tersebut merupakan gabungan dari panas yang hilang karena gas cerobong dan radiant heat. Excess air rata-rata di furnace unit 38 lebih besar dari unit 37, dengan nilai masing-masing 5,68% dan 4,17%. Pembakaran dalam furnace memang dioptimumkan agar sempurna, artinya untuk mencegah pembakaran yang tidak sempurna, diinjeksikan udara berlebih dari kebutuhan teoritis, namun kelebihan udara juga dapat menurunkan nilai efisiensi furnace tersebut, karena kelebihan udara di flue gas dapat menambah besar volume furnace, serta pembakaran yang akan diserap untuk menaikkan temperatur udara.

Efisiensi furnace pun dipengaruhi oleh panas-panas yang hilang seperti radiant heat, panas yang hilang melalui casing furnace yang menurunkan nilai efisiensinya.

BABV KESIMPULAN

Berdasarkan perhitungan dan analisa terhadap furnace unit 37 dan unit 38 dari tanggal 1 Februari sampai dengan 16 Februari, didapatkan hasil efisiensi pada 37-F-101 berkisar antara 81,69% 84,43% sedangkan pada 38-F-101 nilai efisiensinya lebih rendah yaitu berkisar antara 54,58% - 79,29%.

Besar kecilnya nilai efisiensi furnace dapat sangat dipengaruhi oleh temperatur stack yang tinggi juga kandungan O2 excess yang lebih tinggi, yang secara keseluruhan menyebabkan banyak panas yang hilang (heat loss tinggi), sehingga menyebabkan jumlah panas yang diserap (diabsorb) furnace berkurang (efisiensi kecil), dibanding sejumlah besar energi panas yang dapat dihasilkan oleh pembakaran bahan bakar.

LAMPIRAN ADATA

A.1 Data Fuel

Tabel A.1.1 Data fuel gasFuel Gas (%Vol)1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

Hydrogen42,4140,0840,0840,0842,2642,2642,2642,26

Nitrogen2,642,252,252,252,992,992,992,99

Methane39,0232,8532,8532,8539,5439,5439,5439,54

Carbon Monoxide0,500,450,450,450,550,550,550,55

Carbon Dioxide1,361,171,171,171,771,771,771,77

Ethane5,456,106,106,105,345,345,345,34

Ethylene2,123,573,573,570,880,880,880,88

Propane2,211,931,931,932,192,192,192,19

Propylene0,470,990,990,990,800,800,800,80

i-Butane0,960,970,970,971,081,081,081,08

n-Butane1,190,930,930,930,870,870,870,87

1+ i Butene0,250,270,270,270,320,320,320,32

Trans-2-Butene0,360,380,380,380,470,470,470,47

Cis-2-Butene0,190,130,130,130,160,160,160,16

i-Pentane0,330,230,230,230,260,260,260,26

n-Pentane0,190,120,120,120,150,150,150,15

Hexane0,350,250,250,250,370,370,370,37

Hydrogen Sulfide--------

Total (%)100,00939393100100100100

Fuel Gas (%Vol)9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

Hydrogen43,3343,3343,3338,3338,3338,3340,4540,45

Nitrogen2,322,322,322,732,732,732,562,56

Methane38,3938,3938,3943,6043,6043,6040,2840,28

Carbon Monoxide0,420,420,420,420,420,420,450,45

Carbon Dioxide1,431,431,432,052,052,052,192,19

Ethane5,685,685,685,385,385,386,026,02

Ethylene2,142,142,140,720,720,721,311,31

Propane2,202,202,202,562,562,562,372,37

Propylene0,760,760,760,590,590,590,780,78

i-Butane0,980,980,981,011,011,011,091,09

n-Butane0,900,900,901,031,031,030,850,85

1+ i Butene0,320,320,320,290,290,290,320,32

Trans-2-Butene0,390,390,390,420,420,420,480,48

Cis-2-Butene0,140,140,140,150,150,150,120,12

i-Pentane0,270,270,270,300,300,300,230,23

n-Pentane0,150,150,150,190,190,190,150,15

Hexane0,240,240,240,230,230,230,350,35

Hydrogen Sulfide--------

Total (%)100,057100,057100,057100100100100100

A.2 Data Flowrate Fuel GasTabel A.1.2 Data fuel gas rateUnit 37

Fuel Gas, Nm3/Hr1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

320,53289,27315,37281,77204,81216,52242,60274,23

Fuel Gas, Nm3/Hr9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

285,23244,12230,13271,92297,99309,22332,02344,85

Unit 38Fuel Gas, Nm3/Hr1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

320,53289,27315,37281,77204,81216,52242,60274,23

Fuel Gas, Nm3/hr1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

162,55178,20188,8359,524,80142,79137,45127,90

Fuel Gas, Nm3/hr9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

125,85131,97185,84184,14163,58136,13190,45195,73

A.3 Tabel Data Perantara Perhitungan Stack GasTabel A.2 Data Perantara Perhitungan Stack GasKomponenBMNHV (Btu/lbs)CO2 formed

(lbs CO2/ lbs fuel)H2O formed

(lbs H2O/ lb fuel)N2 formed

(lbs N2/ lbs fuel)

Carbon123,6608,85

H22,016008,9426,36

N22851600001

C11602,742,2513,25

CO28215001,5701,9

CO2444345100

C230,102,931,812,37

C2=28,1204203,141,2811,36

C344,1202902,991,6312,05

C3=42,1199303,141,2811,36

C458,1196903,141,2811,36

C4=56,1196703,031,5511,88

C572,1194203,051,511,78

C6+86,2195003,061,4611,71

H2S34,1193901,880,534,68

Sulphur32,066550203,31

Water180010

A.3 Data Temperatur Stack dan O2 ExcessUnit 37PI DATA9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

Stack Temp295,35275,53290,42294,55295,67296,96299,00299,70

O2 Ekses3,566,124,323,393,564,033,733,81

Unit 38

PI DATA1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

Stack Temp756,09770,27809,11476,87105,30654,14677,69669,39

O2 Ekses5,594,473,488,6217,106,774,924,44

PI DATA9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

Stack Temp661,65675,42762,89762,42765,76703,14798,05817,47

O2 Ekses5,124,653,653,765,355,663,773,50

LAMPIRAN B

PERHITUNGAN ANTARA

B.1 Heat absorb dan Heat LossTabel B.1.1 Data Heat absorb dan Heat LossUnit 37Unit 38

Heat LossHeat AbsorbHeat LossHeat Absorb

3228,8420651,079330,5620665,51

3811,520820,968955,1020797,84

3229,4820788,148955,1020786,91

3509,0620803,077070,9720849,79

3196,2420241,094297,5520755,09

3151,2520236,128471,0920268,96

3170,3720235,557881,3520248,00

3197,4320235,357580,4520243,47

3293,5520806,277966,8120821,23

3518,1820833,387930,9420817,49

3363,6520814,608539,5720808,45

3167,5320102,308348,5420105,48

3204,6720101,089136,6520117,95

3292,1720107,028508,9720123,13

3260,9320121,418743,0520121,69

3280,2220123,048845,520120,38

B.2 Heat TerhitungTabel B.2.1Nilai entalpi pada perhitungan efisiensi furnace unit 37 dan 38 dalam Btu/lbs of fuelTanggalunit 37unit 38

HaHfHmHaHfHm

1/2/2015 145,50 9,24 0 159,95 9,24 0

2/2/2015 171,95 13,66 0 148,82 13,66 0

3/2/2015 141,04 11,75 0 139,81 11,75 0

4/2/2015 155,30 12,42 0 202,03 12,42 0

5/2/2015 142,09 13,49 0 656,09 13,49 0

6/2/2015 138,13 12,48 0 170,97 12,48 0

7/2/2015 137,69 12,36 0 150,14 12,36 0

8/2/2015 137,33 12,51 0 145,46 12,51 0

9/2/2015 141,12 11,67 0 156,07 11,67 0

10/2/2015 167,17 12,73 0 151,29 12,73 0

11/2/2015 148,05 13,07 0 141,91 13,07 0

12/2/2015 135,82 11,46 0 138,99 11,46 0

13/2/2015 137,25 8,81 0 154,11 8,81 0

14/2/2015 141,35 10,65 0 157,45 10,65 0

15/2/2015 138,44 12,88 0 138,72 12,88 0

16/2/2015 139,10 13,85 0 136,44 13,85 0

B.3 Perhitungan Heating Value

Tabel B.3.1Heating Value pada perhitungan efisiensi furnace unit 37 dan 38 dalam Btu/lbs of fuelTanggalUnit 37unit 38

LHVHHVLHVHHV

1/2/20152.496,33 22.750,59 20.496,33 22.750,59

2/2/2015 20.635,35 22.868,29 20.635,35 22.868,29

3/2/2015 20.635,35 22.868,29 20.635,35 22.868,29

4/2/2015 20.635,35 22.868,29 20.635,35 22.868,29

5/2/2015 20.085,51 22.313,88 20.085,51 22.313,88

6/2/2015 20.085,51 22.313,88 20.085,51 22.313,88

7/2/2015 20.085,51 22.313,88 20.085,51 22.313,88

8/2/2015 20.085,51 22.313,88 20.085,51 22.313,88

9/2/2015 20.653,48 22.936,53 20.653,48 22.936,53

10/2/2015 20.653,48 22.936,53 20.653,48 22.936,53

11/2/2015 20.653,48 22.936,53 20.653,48 22.936,53

12/2/2015 19.955,02 22.153,70 19.955,02 22.153,70

13/2/2015 19.955,02 22.153,70 19.955,02 22.153,70

14/2/2015 19.955,02 22.153,70 19.955,02 22.153,70

15/2/2015 19.970,09 22.165,43 19.970,09 22.165,43

16/2/2015 19.970,09 22.165,43 19.970,09 22.165,43

B.4 Data Perhitungan Radiant Heat Tabel B.4.1Nilai Q radian pada perhitungan efisiensi furnace unit 37 dan 38 dalam Btu/lbs of fuelUnit 37

Faktor1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

Qr 409,93 412,71 412,71 412,71 401,71 401,71 401,71 401,71

Unit 38Faktor9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

Qr 413,07 413,07 413,07 399,10 399,10 399,10 399,40 399,40

B.5 Data Stack Loss FurnaceTabel B.5.1Stack Loss pada perhitungan efisiensi furnace unit 37 dan 38 dalam Btu/lbs

Unit 37

Faktor1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

CO2 271,39 286,60 290,65 286,03 269,57 272,02 274,80 278,26

Water vapor 574,19 613,14 597,60 599,18 573,98 576,13 581,59 588,52

N2 1.467,88 1.528,96 1.549,48 1.526,07 1.460,43 1.473,05 1.487,35 1.505,13

Udara 505,45 970,09 449,04 685,07 490,56 428,35 424,92 423,80

Total 2.818,92 3.398,79 2.886,77 3.096,35 2.794,53 2.749,54 2.768,66 2.795,72

Faktor9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

CO2 285,61 263,95 280,21 281,66 282,87 284,28 286,28 287,04

Water vapor 605,80 579,21 599,79 581,55 585,13 591,19 592,72 594,78

N2 1.548,66 1.436,85 1.520,82 1.502,38 1.508,54 1.515,64 1.523,18 1.526,98

Udara 440,41 825,10 549,76 402,84 429,03 501,97 459,35 472,02

Total 2.880,48 3105,11 2.950,58 2.768,43 2.805,57 2.893,07 2.861,53 2.880,81

Unit 38

Faktor1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

CO2841,34872,38924,92499,1683,78695,19724,59714,20

Water vapor1.757,391.756,071.835,641.094,78299,341.498,951.519,111.489,09

N24.208,534.304,014.537,702.576,89477,513.538,923.675,503.627,32

Udara2.113,381.609,931.244,142.487,443.035,212.336,331.560,451.348,13

Total8.920,638.542,398.542,406.658,273.895,848.069,387.479,647.178,74

Faktor9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

CO2720,09737,68851,57841,76846,13765,03888,01913,82

Water vapor1.519,181.545,551.753,061.692,251.734,701.581,611.779,701.823,64

N23.671,243.753,124.276,744.158,394.177,963.812,544.357,004.471,16

Udara. 1.643,231.481,521.245,131.257,041.978,761.950,691.318,941.237,47

Total7.553,747.517,878.126,507.949,448.737,548.109,878.343,658.446,09

B.6 Correction Factor for RH

Tabel B.6.1Correction for RH pada perhitungan efisiensi furnace unit 37 dan 38

Unit 37

Correction For RH1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

Moisture in Air 0,023 0,023 0,023 0,023 0,023 0,023 0,023 0,023

Lbs of wet air / Lbs of fuel required 16,15 16,19 16,19 16,19 15,85 15,85 15,85 15,85

Lbs of moisture / Lbs of fuel 0,375 0,377 0,377 0,377 0,368 0,368 0,368 0,368

Lbs of H2O / Lbs of fuel 2,50 2,48 2,48 2,48 2,47 2,47 2,47 2,47


Moisture in Air0,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,023

Lbs of wet air / Lbs of fuel required16,2616,2616,2615,8115,8115,8115,7815,78

Lbs of moisture / Lbs of fuel0,3780,3780,3780,3680,3680,3680,3670,367

Lbs of H2O / Lbs of fuel2,532,532,532,442,442,442,442,44

Unit 38


Moisture in Air0,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,023





Moisture in Air0,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,0230,023




B.7 Correction Factor for Excess AirUnit 37

Correction for excess air1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

Lbs of excess air / Lbs of fuel 4,33 8,01 3,66 5,67 4,15 3,60 3,53 3,48

O2 content in flue gas 4,16 6,57 3,62 5,12 4,07 3,62 3,57 3,53

% excess air 27,48 50,64 23,13 35,83 26,83 23,23 22,82 22,50

Total Lbs of H2O / Lbs of fuel 2,61 2,67 2,57 2,62 2,57 2,56 2,56 2,55

Tabel B.7.1Correction for excess air pada perhitungan efisiensi furnace unit 37Correction for excess air9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

Lbs of excess air / Lbs of fuel3,607,274,583,313,514,093,713,80

O2 content in flue gas3,566,124,323,393,564,033,733,81

% excess air22,7045,7928,8521,4122,7126,4524,0824,69

Total Lbs of H2O / Lbs of fuel2,622,712,642,522,532,542,532,53

Unit 38

Correction factor in excess air1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015



% excess air40,3830,0622,0477,41494,2353,0934,1529,89


Correction factor in excess air9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015



% excess air35,9631,7123,4024,3138,0841,1324,3422,25


B.8 N2formed pada Flue GasTabel B.8.1Perhitungan N2 formed pada flue gas furnace unit 37 dan 38 dalam lb/lb fuelUnit 37N2 formed1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

H27.735,726.597,847.193,026.426,674.925,365.207,005.834,336.594,86

N2253,72195,15212,76190,09183,61194,11217,50245,85

C128.393,5621.572,9323.519,0221.013,2518.384,2019.435,4421.777,0124.615,71

CO91,3074,1680,8572,2364,1767,8476,0285,92

CO2--------

C26.965,137.035,657.670,336.853,124.360,634.609,985.165,395.838,72

C2=2.322,833.530,133.848,583.438,55616,08651,31729,78824,91

C34.031,023.177,033.463,623.094,602.552,362.698,313.023,403.417,51

C3=771,531.466,671.598,981.428,62839,12887,10993,981.123,54

C44.870,683.884,604.235,023.783,822.822,682.984,083.343,603.779,45

C4=1.830,061.610,321.755,581.568,541.388,591.468,001.644,861.859,27

C51.515,94920,851.003,91896,95763,72807,40904,671.022,60

C6+1.212,63781,70852,22761,42819,10865,94970,271.096,75

H2S--------

Total59.994,1350.847,0355.433,9149.527,8737.719,6439.876,5044.680,81

Lb/Lb Fuel12,1712,2012,2012,2011,9611,9611,96

N2 formed9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

H2 7.032,66 6.019,04 5.674,23 5.931,34 6.499,92 6.744,77 7.642,78 7.938,13

N2 198,41 169,82 160,09 222,59 243,92 253,11 254,86 264,70

C1 24.858,74 21.275,83 20.057,01 26.915,37 29.495,48 30.606,55 30.361,43 31.534,74

CO 68,25 58,41 55,06 65,06 71,30 73,99 85,12 88,41

CO2 - - - - - - - -

C2 6.459,66 5.528,63 5.211,91 5.833,06 6.392,22 6.633,01 7.969,47 8.277,45

C2= 2.086,52 1.785,79 1.683,49 669,26 733,42 761,04 1.486,80 1.544,26

C3 3.570,87 3.056,19 2.881,12 3.961,35 4.341,09 4.504,62 4.477,86 4.650,91

C3= 1.110,19 950,18 895,75 821,66 900,42 934,34 1.326,33 1.377,59

C4 3.789,98 3.243,73 3.057,91 3.920,69 4.296,53 4.458,38 4.552,53 4.728,46

C4= 1.730,31 1.480,92 1.396,08 1.669,00 1.828,99 1.897,88 2.180,04 2.264,28

C5 1.089,57 932,53 879,11 1.211,87 1.328,04 1.378,06 1.147,52 1.191,87

C6+ 739,95 633,30 597,02 676,04 740,84 768,75 1.256,11 1.304,66

H2S - - - - - - - -

Total 50.505,09 52.735,11 45.134,37 42.548,78 51.897,29 56.872,15 59.014,49 62.740,85

11,96 12,25 12,25 12,25 11,92 11,92 11,92 11,89

Unit 38

N2 Formed1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

H23.923,014064,444.306,801.357,51115,463.433,843.305,633.075,77

N2128,67120,22127,3940,154,30128,01123,23114,66

C114.399,1913.289,5014.081,954.438,64430,9512.817,0212.338,4811.480,51

CO46,3045,6848,4115,261,5044,7443,0740,07

CO2--------

C23.532,224.334,144.592,591.447,59102,223.040,132.926,622.723,12

C2=1.177,972.174,652.304,33726,3314,44429,52413,48384,73

C32.044,241.957,132.073,84653,6759,831.779,441.713,011.593,89

C3=391,27903,51957,39301,7719,67585,01563,17524,01

C42.470,062.393,012.535,71799,2666,171.967,901,894,431.762,70

C4=928,08992,001.051,15331,3232,55968,09931,95867,14

C5768,77567,26601,09189,4617,90532,45512,57476,93

C6+614,96481,55510,26160,8419,20571,06549,74511,51

H2S--------

Total30.424,7431.323,1133.190,9010.461,79884,1926.297,2125.315,3723.555,05

12,1712,2012,2012,2011,9611,9611,9611,96

Total Flue Gas41.918,5743.166,2445.740,2414.417,351.218,8136.249,2234.895,8132.469,31

N2 Formed9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

H23.103,023.253,854.582,124.016,653.568,172.969,414.384,034.505,60

N287,5591,80129,28150,73133,90111,43146,19150,24

C110.968,4311.501,5716.196,6918.226,8616.191,7313.474,6617.415,8617.898,77

CO30,1131,5844,4744,0639,1432,5748,8350,18

CO2--------

C22.850,202.988,744.208,793.950,103.509,052.920,214.571,434.698,19

C2=920,64965,391,359,47453,22402,61335,05852,86876,50

C31.575,571.652,162.326,592.682,592.383,071.983,182.568,582.639,80

C3=489,85513,66723,35556,42494,29411,35760,81781,90

C41.672,261.753,542.469,362.655,062.358,611.962,822.611,412.683,82

C4=763,46800,571.127,381.130,231.004,03835,551.250,511.285,18

C5480,75504,12709,91820,67729,03606,70658,24676,49

C6+326,49342,36482,11457,81406,69338,44720,53740,51

H2S--------

Total23.268,3224.399,3434.359,5235.144,4031.220,3425.981,3735.989,2736.987,19

12,2512,2512,2511,9211,9211,9211,8911,89

Total Flue Gas32.060,5633.618,9547.342,7148.479,4643.066,4735.839,6549.663,0551.040,12

B.9 H2O formed pada Flue GasTabel B.9.1H2O formed pada flue gasfurnace unit 37 dan 38

Unit 37

H2O formed1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

H22.623,572.237,662.439,522.179,601.670,441.765,951.978,722.236,65

N2--------

C14.821,553.663,333.993,803.568,293.121,853.300,363.697,984.180,03

CO--------

CO2--------

C21,013,521,023,781,116,14997,22634,53670,81751,63849,61

C2=261,73397,76433,64387,4469,4273,3982,2392,95

C3545,27429,76468,52418,61345,26365,00408,97462,29

C3=86,93165,26180,17160,9794,5599,95112,00126,60

C4548,81437,70477,19426,35318,05336,23376,74425,85

C4=238,77210,10229,05204,65181,17191,53214,61242,58

C5193,03117,26127,83114,2197,25102,81115,20130,21

C6+151,1997,46106,2594,93102,13107,97120,97136,74

H2S--------

Total10.484,388.780,069.572,118.552,286.634,637.014,017.859,058.883,50

Lb/Lb Fuel2,132,112,112,112,102,102,10

H2O formed9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

H22.385,132.041,361.924,422.011,622.204,452.287,492.592,052.692,22

N2--------

C14.221,303.612,883.405,914.570,545.008,675.197,345.155,715.354,96

CO--------

CO2--------

C2939,97804,49758,40848,79930,15965,191,159,661,204,48

C2=235,10201,22189,6975,4182,6485,75167,53174,00

C3483,03413,41389,73535,85587,22609,34605,72629,13

C3=125,09107,06100,9392,58101,46105,28149,45155,22

C4427,04365,49344,55441,77484,12502,35512,96532,78

C4=225,76193,22182,15217,76238,63247,62284,43295,42

C5138,74118,74111,94154,31169,10175,47146,12151,77

C6+92,2678,9674,4484,2992,3795,85156,61162,66

H2S--------

Total9.273,417.936,827.482,159.032,919.898,8010.271,6810.930,2511.352,64

2,102,152,152,152,072,072,072,072,07

Unit 38

H2O Formed1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

H21.330,491.378,461.460,65460,4039,161.164,591.121,111.043,15

N2--------

C12.445,142.256,712.391,27753,7373,182.176,472.095,211.949,52

CO--------

CO2--------

C2513,98630,68668,28210,6414,87442,38425,86396,25

C2=132,73245,03259,6481,841,6348,4046,5943,35

C3276,52264,74280,5388,428,09240,70231,72215,61

C3=44,09101,80107,8734,002,2265,9263,4659,04

C4278,32269,64285,7190,067,46221,74213,46198,61

C4=121,09129,43137,1543,234,25126,31121,59113,14

C597,8972,2376,5424,132,2867,8065,2760,73

C6+76,6760,0463,6220,052,3971,2068,5463,78

H2S--------

Total5.316,935.408,755.731,271.806,50155,524.625,504.452,804.143,17

2,132,112,112,112,102,102,102,10

H2O Formed9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

H21.052,391.103,541.554,031.362,251.210,151.007,081.486,851.528,07

N2--------

C11.862,561.953,102.750,383.095,132.749,542.288,152.957,413.039,41

CO--------

CO2--------

C2414,74434,90612,43574,79510,61424,93665,20683,65

C2=103,73108,78153,1851,0745,3637,7596,1098,76

C3213,13223,49314,72362,87322,36268,26347,45357,09

C3=55,1957,8881,5062,7055,6946,3585,7288,10

C4188,42197,58278,24299,16265,76221,16294,24302,40

C4=99,61104,45147,09147,46131,00109,02163,16167,68

C561,2264,1990,40104,5092,8377,2583,8286,14

C6+40,7142,6860,1157,0850,7142,2089,8492,33

H2S--------

Total4.091,714.290,596.042,086.117,015.434,014.522,156.269,786.443,63

2,152,152,152,072,072,072,072,07

B.10 CO2 Formed in Flue Gas

Tabel B.10.1 Hasil Perhitungan CO2 Formed in Flue GasCO2 formed1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

H2--------

N2--------

C15,871,574,461,124,863,554,345,383,801,714,019,104,503,325,090,34

CO75,4461,2866,8159,6953,0356,0662,8171,00

CO2205,39159,47173,85155,33180,57202,33228,70

C21,649,781,666,491,816,821,623,251,032,871,091,941,223,491,382,98

C2=642,05975,761,063,78950,44170,29180,03201,72228,01

C31,000,23788,32859,44767,87633,32669,54750,20848,00

C3=213,26405,40441,97394,88231,94245,20274,74310,56

C41,346,301,073,741,170,601,045,88780,21824,83924,201,044,67

C4=466,76410,71447,76400,06354,16374,41419,52474,21

C5392,50238,42259,93232,23197,74209,05234,23264,76

C6+316,88204,27222,70198,97214,04226,28253,55286,60

H2S--------

Total CO2 formed12,180,1610,444,9811,387,2110,174,007,469,328,077,009,050,1210,229,83

2,472,512,512,512,372,422,422,42

Unit 37CO2 Formed9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

H2--------

N2--------

C15140,604399,684147,645565,906099,446329,206278,516521,15

CO56,3948,2745,5053,7658,9261,1470,3373,05

CO2192,18164,48155,06262,65287,83298,67342,60355,84

C21530,061309,531234,511381,641514,081571,121887,681960,62

C2=576,73493,61465,33184,99202,72210,36410,96426,85

C3886,05758,34714,90982,941077,171117,741111,101154,04

C3=306,87262,64247,59227,11248,88258,26366,61380,78

C41047,58896,59845,231083,711187,601232,331258,361306,99

C4=441,32377,71356,07425,68466,48484,06556,02577,51

C5282,10241,44227,61313,77343,85356,80297,11308,59

C6+193,36165,49156,01176,66193,59200,89328,24340,93

H2S--------

10653,249117,798595,4610658,8111680,5712120,5712907,5413406,34-

2,522,122,333,072,682,542,612,54-

B.12 Data Properties Pembakaran

Unit 37

Faktor9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

Vapor Press (psi)0,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,7302

Relatif humidity7575757575757575

T stack295,35275,53290,42294,55295,67296,96299,00299,70

563,63527,96554,76562,18564,20566,52570,20571,45

atomizing steam

T ambient (oC)3232323232323232

89,689,689,689,689,689,689,689,6

T fuel gas (oC)27,9129,0329,3827,6824,8826,8329,1930,21

82,2384,2584,8981,8376,7980,2984,5486,38

Cpudara0,240,240,240,240,240,240,240,24

Cp fuel gas0,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,525

Radiant Loss (%)22222222

Combustion Air & Others1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

Vapor Press (psi)0,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,7302


T stack282,73292,95296,59292,43286,14288,43291,03294,25

540,91559,30565,86558,38547,05551,17555,85561,65

atomizing steam

T ambient (oC)3232323232323232

89,689,689,689,689,689,689,689,6

T fuel gas (oC)25,3330,0227,9928,7029,8328,7628,6328,79

77,5986,0382,3983,6585,6983,7783,5483,82

Cpudara0,240,240,240,240,240,240,240,24

Cp fuel gas0,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,525


Unit 38


Vapor Press (psi)0,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,7302


T stack756,09770,27809,11476,87105,30654,14677,69669,39

1392,961418,491488,39890,36221,551209,451251,841236,90

atomizing steam

T ambient (oC)3232323232323232

89,689,689,689,689,689,689,689,6

T fuel gas (oC)25,3330,0227,9928,7029,8328,7628,6328,79

77,5986,0382,3983,6585,6983,7783,5483,82

Cp udara0,240,240,240,240,240,240,240,24

Cp fuel gas0,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,525



Vapor Press (psi)0,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,73020,7302


T stack661,65675,42762,89762,42765,76703,14798,05817,47

1222,961247,751405,211404,361410,371297,661468,491503,45

atomizing steam

T ambient (oC)3232323232323232

89,689,689,689,689,689,689,689,6

T fuel gas (oC)27,9129,0329,3827,6824,8826,8329,1930,21

82,2384,2584,8981,8376,7980,2984,5486,38

Cp udara0,240,240,240,240,240,240,240,24

Cp fuel gas0,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,5250,525


B,12 Total Flue Gas dalam lbs

Unit 37

Total Flue Gas1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

82658,6770072,0776393,2368254,1451994,3954967,5161589,9869618,42

S

Unit 38Total Flue Gas9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

72661,7662188,9858626,3971589,0178451,5281406,7486578,6389924,45

B.13 Air Required (dalam lbs)Unit 37

Air Required1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

H210062,908582,709356,948360,036407,076773,447589,508578,82

N2--------

C136943,7728069,2430601,3527341,0223920,2725288,0728334,7732028,30

CO118,6996,41105,1093,9183,4288,1998,82111,70

CO2--------

C29059,749151,469977,018914,045672,005996,336718,777594,58

C2=3024,184596,015010,614476,77802,10847,97950,131073,98

C35245,344134,094507,024026,843321,253511,163934,184447,02

C3=1004,491909,522081,771859,981092,481154,951294,091462,78

C46341,325057,505513,734926,293674,953885,094353,164920,61

C4=2381,552095,582284,622041,221807,041910,372140,532419,56

C51972,771198,351306,451167,26993,881050,711177,301330,76

C6+1578,181017,351109,12990,961066,021126,981262,761427,36

H2S--------

Total77732,9365908,1971853,7364198,2948840,4851633,2557854,0265395,47

Lb/lb fuel15,7715,8215,8215,8215,4815,4815,4815,48

Air Required9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

H29,148,337,829,777,381,237,715,698,455,328,773,829,941,9910,326,20

N2--------

C132,344,5027,682,6726,096,8235,020,4638,377,5139,823,1739,504,2241,030,86

CO88,7275,9371,5884,5892,6996,18110,65114,93

CO2--------

C28,402,267,191,246,779,277,587,228,314,538,627,7410,366,1110,766,71

C2=2,716,522,324,992,191,80871,33954,86990,831,935,722,010,53

C34,646,573,976,863,749,045,154,695,648,825,861,615,826,806,051,97

C3=1,445,401,237,081,166,211,069,751,172,291,216,451,726,801,793,53

C44,934,324,223,133,981,205,104,495,593,815,804,525,927,116,156,16

C4=2,251,731,927,191,816,792,171,952,380,152,469,812,836,982,946,62

C51,417,921,213,551,144,031,577,071,728,251,793,351,493,341,551,05

C6+963,01824,21776,99879,83964,171,000,491,634,771,697,95

H2S--------

Sum68,359,2858,506,6255,154,9767,237,0773,682,4076,457,9781,304,5084,446,50

15,8815,8815,8815,4415,4415,4415,4115,41

Unit 38

Total Flue Gas1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

41918,5743166,2445740,2414417,351218,8136249,2234895,8132469,31

Total Flue Gas9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

32060,56 33618,95 47342,71 48479,46 43066,47 35839,65 49663,05 51040,12

Unit 38Air Required1/2/20152/2/20153/2/20154/2/20155/2/20156/2/20157/2/20158/2/2015

H25,103,185,287,175,602,441,765,89150,194,466,864,300,084,001,07

N2--------

C118,735,2417,291,3918,322,475,775,25560,7216,676,6316,053,9914,937,66

CO60,1959,3962,9319,841,9658,1655,9952,10

CO2--------

C24,594,455,637,545,973,711,882,92132,963,954,383,806,743,542,03

C2=1,533,652,831,263,000,09945,6318,80559,21538,33500,89

C32,660,062,546,712,698,57850,5977,852,315,492,229,042,074,04

C3=509,401,176,311,246,46392,8825,61761,65733,21682,23

C43,215,863,115,553,301,331,040,5886,152,562,082,466,432,294,92

C4=1,207,751,290,931,367,91431,1742,361,259,831,212,791,128,46

C51,000,45738,21782,23246,5623,30692,91667,04620,65

C6+800,34626,71664,09209,3224,99743,20715,46665,71

H2S--------

Total39,420,5940,601,1843,022,2313,560,631,144,8834,050,3932,779,0830,499,77

15,7715,8215,8215,8215,4815,4815,4815,48

Air Required9/2/201510/2/201511/2/201512/2/201513/2/201514/2/201515/2/201516/2/2015

H24,036,524,232,725,960,595,225,004,641,603,862,715,702,905,861,04

N2--------

C114,271,3714,965,0721,074,0323,715,5521,067,5817,532,3122,660,3323,288,66

CO39,1541,0557,8157,2850,8842,3463,4765,23

CO2--------

C23,707,333,887,535,474,485,138,004,564,323,798,405,946,196,111,06

C2=1,198,611,256,871,769,95590,06524,18436,221,110,361,141,15

C32,050,212,149,863,027,473,490,713,100,962,580,603,342,353,435,03

C3=637,76668,76941,75724,42643,54535,55990,521,017,99

C42,177,172,283,003,214,953,456,723,070,762,555,463,399,903,494,17

C4=993,531,041,821,467,111,470,821,306,601,087,341,627,351,672,47

C5625,63656,04923,841,067,98948,73789,53856,60880,36

C6+424,91445,56627,45595,81529,29440,47937,73963,74

H2S--------

Total

30,162,1831,628,2944,539,4345,532,3640,448,4333,660,9346,637,7147,930,90

15,8815,8815,8815,4415,4415,4415,4115,41

Efisiensi Furnace

Heat Loss

Heat Absorb

Ha

Hm

Hf

LHV

Radiant Heat Loss

Stack Loss

Water vapor

N2

udara

CO2

H2O

Excess air

CO2 and N2 formed in flue gas

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

_1493305881.unknown

_1493437917.unknown

_1493438174.unknown

_1493438892.unknown

_1493475556.unknown

_1493438904.unknown

_1493438505.unknown

_1493438781.unknown

_1493438793.unknown

_1493438486.unknown

_1493438072.unknown

_1493438114.unknown

_1493437999.unknown

_1493438010.unknown

_1493437952.unknown

_1493307137.unknown

_1493307682.unknown

_1493437899.unknown

_1493308047.unknown

_1493307555.unknown

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Bab3 Lap.khusus Eva

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Transcript of Bab3 Lap.khusus Eva