Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien dengan Crohn’s Disease

Rumentalia Sulistini, S. Kep, Ns, M. Kep

MA KMB I Jurusan Keperawatan

Poltekkes Depkes 2010

Definisi

• Suatu penyakit peradangan granulosa kronik yang sering berulang

• Menyerang ileum

http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/crohns/

Cause

• Tidak diketahui dengan pasti • Reaksi sistem imun tubuh• Faktor yang mempengarugi : genetik ,

sistem imun dan lingkungan

Simptom

• Nyeri abdomen pada area kanan bawah • diare. • Perdarahan rektal• Kehilangan berat badan • Masalah kulit dan demam• Arthritis,• Anemia

Pemeriksaan diagnostik

• Pemeriksaan darah ( anemia , Leukosit tinggi inflamasi

• Faces sample, perdarahan / infection in the intestines.

• x-ray film menggunakan barium • sigmoidoscopy or a colonoscopy. untuk

melihat inflamasi / perdarahan• biopsy,

Komplikasi

• fistulas, • Komplikasi nutrisi - Deficiencies of proteins,

calories, and vitamins• arthritis,• skin problems, • inflammation in the eyes or mouth, • kidney stones,• other diseases of the liver and biliary system.

Treatment

• obat• Suplemen nutrisi• surgery, / kombinasi ke tiganya

Tujuan pengobatan :• Mengontrol inflammation,• Memperbaiki defisiensi nutrisi• Mengurangi simptom (abdominal pain,

diarrhea, and rectal bleeding)

Drug Therapy• Anti-Inflammation Drugs mesalamine,

Sulfasalazine.• Cortisone or Steroids. • Immune System Suppressors. • Infliximab (Remicade). This drug is the

first of a group of medications that blocks the body’s inflammation response.

• Antibiotics. : ampicillin, sulfonamide, cephalosporin, tetracycline, or metronidazole.

• Anti-Diarrheal and Fluid Replacements. Ex. diphenoxylate, loperamide, and codeine.

Surgery• Surgery becomes necessary when

medications can no longer control symptoms.

• Surgery is used either to relieve symptoms that do not respond to medical therapy or to correct complications such as blockage, perforation, abscess, or bleeding in the intestine.