Post on 07-Apr-2023
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 1
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 Importance of urban development
Urban area is more vibrant in terms of activities. Because of urbanisation, cities
having high population densities, there is busy life, heavy traffic movement on
roads, polluted environment, people having packed schedule. To minimise the stress
full life of city dwellers, it is necessary to have urban development in context with
designs and physical infrastructure developments in Jadibuti to sustain itself in terms
of node and towns.
Residential areas & the commercial centres are the primary focus of urban
development. Urban development occurs by expansion into unpopulated areas
and/or the renovation of decaying regions.
Urban Development helps cities create sustainable mechanisms for future growth.
Urban development in Jadibuti is the most necessary things now. Communication
and social interaction among large numbers of people occur in development area .
Their main role is being loci of socialization in the city and also they are the stages
where alternative cultures perform in the public realm of the city. They are dynamic
urban spaces which are always subjected to transformations of the city and its
inhabitants.
Space created for use where people can enter for individual or public interests
without social discrimination. If well organised, it will help to enhance cohesion of
community life, positively change the public behaviour, and increase the community
awareness, promote individual identity and have a certain degree of local cultural
meanings.
Urban development is often deemed a practice of expansion when cities spread into
new areas. However, within a city itself, urban development takes on a different
meaning. When compared with Jadibuti node, urban communities can appear to be
the most developed in terms of commercial and business developments, open
spaces, accessibility, city image and faster access to the latest technology.
1.2 Introduction of Jadibuti Node
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 2
Figure: Jadibuti Node
1) About the Jadibuti
History tells that the Koteswor,Narephante, old Thimi gave their contribution in
the growth of the town Jadibuti. It belongs to the ward-35, of Kathmandu
district, with population of 7600 as per the census-2013.
It is also connected to the different road which links to Narephante,Pepsicola,
Bhaktapur and to the Capital city. Jadibuti town is famous for small industries
like Slate dipo and wooden products, Pushpanjali hall, and mainly by Jadibuti
herbal complex, which is the National herbal production centre.
2) Location of Jadibuti
E Th v o f om h
mean sea level is 4268 ft and the eye altitude is 9066 ft.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 3
Figure: Location Map of Jadibuti node
3) Historical Background
The rapid change in Kathmandu valley can be seen by comparing the sattelite images of the
valley taken at different time. The sattelite images of 1967, 1979, 1992, 2001 and 2012 are taken
to study the change in landuse pattern of the site area Manhara, Jadibuti.
The history itself shows there is a gradual change from 1967 till today. Sattelite image 1967
shows that the Manhara river is flowing from Northeast to Southwest. The both sides of the
Manhara river is surrounded by a green belt and only few land are used as a houses. There is no
provision of any bridges or road networks in the Manhara, Jadibuti area.
No permanent structures and built forms available. Only agriculture land is available. Only few
foot trails are found on that time. The route was from old Thimi.
JADIBUTI AREA
(study area)
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 4
Figure: Corona Sattelite Image of Kathmandu, 1967(Source: Genesis Consultancy)
Sattelite image 1979 show changes in landuse pattern near Manhara river, and the road network
was developed which was linked from Koteswor to Bhaktapur of 2 lane; similarly the road was
found to be interconnected to the old Thimi. Built form was fairly developed with the
establishment of Puspanjali hall and establishment of airport as a greatest achievement.
Surrounding ring road was constructed.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 5
Figure: Sattelite Image of Kathmandu, 1979(Source: Mohan Moorti Pant, Khwopa Engineering
College)
Sattelite image 1992 shows, there are variation on landuse pattern near Jadibuti area. Increase in
built form like Jadibuti complex. Buildings & streets are the most visual features found on this
location.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 6
Figure: Sattelite Image of Kathmandu, 1992 (Source: Genesis Consultancy)
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 7
Sattelite image 2001 shows Pushpanjali hall, Jadibuti herb complex was found in that area. The
settlement pattern was changed into cluster settlement on the way to Pepsicola chowk. Children
Park was found behind the existing fuel station. New settlement found near Narephat. Many
agriculturable land was converted into building plots.
Figure: Sattelite Image of Kathmandu, 2001(Source: Genesis Consultancy)
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 8
Sattelite image 2013 shows that there is a rapid changes from 2001, which has destroyed most
part of the agriculturable land into plots and many plots were converted into buildings, residence
and market at Jadibuti and near Manhara river. At the period of 11 years, the land was
completely changed, landpooling project was found to be active towards southern part in
Manhara, Jadibuti area from 2003. Squatter settlement was found at 2007 at the bank of Manhara
river, Jadibuti. The land structure is changed into compact form and mostly green area was
changed into plots.
The road network which is of 2 lane is started to convert into 6 lane highway from Nov, 2008
and end at April 2010 . Slate dipo was found at both the sides of bridge and few near to Jadibuti
chowk. Jadibuti is becoming a urban node for development and a access for transportation from
intersection of roads which is interconnected to old Thimi through Araniko Highway. The green
environment is degrading due to increase in buildings and its surrounding.
Figure: Sattelite Image of Kathmandu, 2013 (Source: Genesis Consultancy)
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 9
1.3 Manhara River of Jadibuti
Figure: Manhara river of Jadibuti
1.4 Growth of the Jadibuti area
The growth of the town Jadibuti during 1967 A.D is of dispersed settlement. After
1979 A.D, the growth started along the Pepsicola and Lokanthali, which give the
birth to the Jadibuti area when there was found to be Jadibuti herbal centre.
The Kathmandu city grew further and the town Jadibuti emerged. As the city grew,
and when there is a provision of accessibility, the Jadibuti town is formed and
extended into cluster settlements. Because of better accesibilty after 2007, a 4 lane
highway with 22 metre width bridge, the system of road is changed and from 2 lane
converted into 4 lane road system.
It belongs to the ward-35, of Kathmandu district, with population of 7600 as per the
census-2013. (CBS,2013). It is well connected by Araniko highway of four lane.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 10
Jadibuti is the main node to enter old Thimi from Pepsicola and enter different
districts.
Chapter 2. Research Background
2.1 Need of the Research
I. Lack of Recreational area
As per the size of the city, it comes under the category ward-35,
Kathmandu district as well as Thimi municipality. But from the municipal
boundaries, there is a lack of proper physical infrastructures and open
spaces in the Jadibuti town; only 0.001% of the total area was shown for
recreational purpose since no land was selected for recreational area by the
governments and the developers.(source: Manhara land pooling
office,Teku)
Though there are land available, but due to poor concentration by the local
infrastructure body in the development process, the squatter and slums,
slate dipo, and others had captured and settled in the selected site area of
the Jadibuti towns. Hence to overcome the shortage of open spaces,
commercial centres, banks and institutions, hotels, convention centres,
museums & exposition centres, medical college and hospitals, apartments
etc. , it is identified that the city is having potential for development of
recreational space with commercial centres and other with basic services
& facilities in terms of the area to build the structures near waterfront &
both sides of highway to sustain for the future developments. The natural
axis manhara river and the man-made axis araniko highway shows great
potential developments, which has exemplifies by the terms of
development in the cities.
2.2 Development potential of the Jadibuti Node
Jadibuti is bounded by manhara river in the eastern side though flowing from
northern side to southern side. Due to the barriers from slums and squatters and
others such community in the selected site area for, it posses a great potential
development. Even though the Kathmandu valley is growing rapidly and its
accessibilty from the road network is proper in terms of development process. The
natural axis manhara river and man-made axis Araniko highway can contribute in
the growth of the Jadibuti towns after giving some following consideration.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 11
i. Strength:
Good road network/ and a Araniko highway
Linkage to Eastern Terai area and China
Present of open land spaces in comparison to other two cities of
Valley.
Strategic locations of prominent views ie. Visual spatial image
ii. Weakness:
Lack of pedestrian & foothpath
Lack of provision like physical infrastructure planning
Lack of commercial centres, business & facilities like parks, greenary preservations, and open spaces etc.
Encroached by slums and squatters and others in nearby riverside
area
Encroached by slums people to do business like slate and dumping material
Lack of new designs and developments
iii. Opportunity:
Commercially potential zone
Presence of large vacant spaces and open area
Potential of development of landmark
Riverfront development along Manhara river
Strategic views of Jadibuti will be retained/protect
Natural riverfront conservation with green belts
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 12
iv. Threats:
River pollution/ sewage disposal
Lack of urban design guidelines to manage and regulate urban
growth in the study area
Limited scope of prevailing bylaws to address improving these
strategic location
Slums and squatter settlement creating unpleasant scenario in the study area
Lack of awareness and physical matters, destroyed the natural
green belts and converted into concrete jungles
2.3 Issues & Problems
Figure: Dumping site store Figure: Shops like Slate dipo
Figure: Direct dumping in the land Figure: Squatter settlement (encroached)
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 13
Figure: Direct discharge of city sewage Figure: Direct dumping of the solid waste
Chapter 3: Aims, Objectives and Methodology
3.1 Aims
Enhance the share of urban spaces by effective utilization of available land along the river by restoring the natural waterfront: Jadibuti
Redevelopment of the site area of the Jadibuti node to sustain
3.2 Objectives
1. Identification of the potential development in the Jadibuti.
2. Creation of usable open space for recreational purpose, commercial centres and other services and facilities in the proposed area.
3.3 Methodology
Jadibuti as the case area has been selected because the re is a Manhara river which influences of waterfront development pattern. After that selection of stretch has been
done based upon the width, location, surrounding activities etc. , with the aim of area was delineated to carry out the study, in data collection there has primary survey and
secondary data collection has been done. After that in analysis mapping, identification of issues and problems, area analysis,
surrounding Landuse analysis has been done. In next stage after identification of strategies proposal has been given. The Proposal consists for the development of land
along the riverfront and the potential identification for different activities. Main idea behind the proposal is to provide vibrant recreational activities & commercial centres to the city people. Mainly proposal based for pedestrian and ecofriendly use o f activities.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 14
FIGURE: METHODOLOGY DIAGRAM
Basis: Location, Width,
Depth, Surrounding Landuse,
Delineation of river Fronts
(Land available in between
river and adjacent road)
Mapping: Landuse detail,
Area analysis, Ownership &
Encroachments details
Identification of Issues &
Problems
Under utilization of land,
Waste disposal,
Encroachments etc.
Selection of Case Area
Aim & Objectives
Selection of Stretch
Data Collection
Analysis
Identification of
potential land
Creation of usable
Recreational &
Commercial space
Identification of suitable
activities for developed
land
Primary and secondary
data survey(landuse,
data collection);
Manhara landpooling;
ward office
Proposals
Commercial complex
Recreational areas
Pedestrian lane Mixed use
complex
Revenue generation
activities
Corporate houses,
convention centres,
business hotel,
tourism information
centre & ticketing,
banks, show rooms,
shopping complex,
etc.
Parks,
museum &
exposition
centres
Foothpath,
Jogging, Retail shops, restaurants & bar, parking
Integrated office spaces, low rise
apartments, hospitals & college, institutions
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 15
Chapter 4: Identification of the Potential Land
4.1 Surrounding Landuse detail along the Manhara river
One town and two town area is known as major retail commercial zone in the city.
Jadibuti is known from the Jadibuti herbal complex situated at the nodal point as T
junction, commonly said as Jadibuti town. Jadibuti is also famous for Slate dipo and
stone products. The main common reason to identify the Jadibuti towns is its surrounding
landuse.
Residential Landuse is dominant in the other parts of the city. Waterfront are the
backbone for the growth of the city. Among all three cities, Manhara River is passing
through the core area of the city with major Landuse of commercial and Residential.
Maximum lands abutting river is either occupied by slums or used as dumping place in
Jadibuti, Manhara area. Few plots are developed as lanpooling which is not properly
maintained.
Targeted blight removal and beautification of the areas surrounding the waterfront may
become necessary so as to create a more receptive context for new investment.The
landuse around the Jadibuti is found to be mostly the retail shops with groceries and
shutters to do business. There is found to be a water purifying office located at 400 m
from the Jadibuti chowk towards Lokanthali; and similarly there is the automobile
maintainence and repairing centre with wooden furniture and some few local lodge found
nearby Puspanjali hall. The landuse pattern seems few commercial centres only with
residential developments as a case of urban sprawl.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 16
Pepsicola
Koteswor Bhaktapur
Figure: Street network
4.2 Reason behind the selection of Jadibuti
Among all three cities, Jadibuti has been selected for the development of available land
and the private lands by landpooling abutting the river.
1. There is possibilities, that the selected site Jadibuti will be developed in the sense
of basic services, amenities and facilities, physical infrastructure and other
provision which can be developed and became a common business districts for
business and development.
2. This river transverse the selected site area Jadibuti and the city.
3. Maximum activity can be concentrated along the manhara river due to a raniko
highway and accessible of proper roads from different districts.
4. Available land along the manhara river accessible by roads.
5. There are many such possibilities to grow, develop and design the Jadibuti area
for its sustainability, but few things should be taken into consideration like urban
districts, local infrastructure planning, preservation of greenary belts and river
conservation and new designs.
6. Land reclaimed by riverfront development will largely be allocated for free and open
public use; more than 25% of riverfront land will become public infrastructure and,
recreational parks.
Jadibuti Urban
node
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 17
7. The manhara riverfront will enhance the distinctive character of Jadibuti towns,
significantly improving the quality of life for residents and enhancing Jadibuti
value as a destination for institutions, investment, education opportunities, and
tourism; and from the conservation and preservation point of view.
8. This design studio studies the landscape redevelopment of the riverside market
place to revitalize the environment for commercial, recreation and tourism
benefits.
9. The place serves as public realm that displays local characters and helps to
promote the place to outsider.
Components of a waterfront:
The key components considered for waterfront development are set out below:
Recreational amenities / Entertainment Park area Commercial complex
Landscaping Paths
Seating facilities River conservation
Figure: Canary Wharf, London- Waterfront development pattern
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 18
Figure: Kongens Nytorv Square serving as the gateway to Nyhavn, Copenhagen's top waterfront.
4.3 Delineation of the Study area
For the development of land abutting river corridor, different land use has been identified
i.e. vacant land, encroached land and developed land along the river. Most important
things have been found that all lands are available either in between the river and
adjacent road or in between river and pure residential area. As per the existing land use
along the river, area has been delineated for study purpose according to the following
considerations:
1. Land which comes in between existing roads (running parallel to the river)
2. At some locations plot boundary of residential plots has been considered for delineation. (the action of indicating the exact position of a border or boundary)
A. Existing area classification under the Delineated area
Under the delineated area there are four types of land use i.e. land for circulation,
vacant land is used for dumping, encroached land under slum and developed area
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 19
through land pooling. In area calculation circulation area has not considered. There
would not be any intervention in circulation area.
OBSERVATIONS
Municipal is not showing interest in waste management due to which
Manhara river became a waste dumping site.
20% of the land along the river is occupied by slum people.
Developed lands by land pooling are not well maintained and individually
fragmented for residence purpose rather than commercial purposes .
Manhara river is accessible through roads.
Residential activities are dominant along the river.
POTENTIAL
Since this river passes through the city with major commercial & residential
zones, riverfront can be developed for recreational purpose, so that people can
spend some leisure period.
Riverfront are encroached by slum settlements, after rehabilitation of slums,
river berms can be developed for recreation purpose.
Since river is passes through the area with dominant landuse & high density,
there is more chance of getting users.
Minimum & Maximum width of the river is varying from 40 M to 60 M, so
after stream line the water course by construction of retaining wall, reclaimed
land can be generated for the further development.
Due to the dominancy of Residential Landuse, average land value along the
land pooling area and others area varies from Rs. 10 lakh per Aana to 15 lakh
per Aana.
Rise in price of land in jadibuti landpooling area( In 2001, the land price of
front location is Rs. 5,00,000 per Aana and backside location was Rs. 3,00,000
per Aana, but in today’s context, after landpooling the price of land is
increased and near highway, the price of land is Rs. 10,00,000 per Aana and
the back side plot rate is Rs. 8,00,000 per Aana( as per local brokers).
Linkage of roads with eastern terai and china shows potential development
along highway from trade, culture, socio-economic point of view for
sustainability of this area for commercial and recreational activites.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 20
B. Existing Slum Settlement within the Delineated area
Manhara river, Jadibuti is easily accessible; passes through the residential zone and
availability of land. These factors are responsible for the generation of livelihood to
the poor people. Because of these factors poor people have been encroached the land
abutting river. There are around 900 poor people living in ~0.5Ha of land along the
river. This settlement has been seen all along the river from North to South sides. The
existing slum settlement has opened slate dipo as well as the dumping material store
nearby the Manhara river.
C. Traffic flow Analysis along Jadibuti area
Traffic flow analysis is most necessary to calculate the flow in the peak hour as well
as day hour to understand and predict how much people travel from this highway to
reach their destinations and the most important thing is to know how much the
busiest road is- in the sense to know the accessibility and potentiality of these
Jadibuti area.
By traffic flow analysis, we can design the waterfront development pattern in
Jadibuti area by making a provision of the basic services and facilities with the help
of designs to preserve the city image of Jadibuti as well as these trafic data will help
us to know the actual information about flow of automobiles per day, which will be
the helpful data for designing process.
(Source: According to the Traffic police, Koteswor, the per day flow of vehicles
from different districts within the route of Bhaktapur, Pepsicola, old Thimi meeting
at Jadibuti and similarly from different districts entering from Kalangki to Koteswor
to Bhaktapur and from Baneswor entering to Araniko highway through Jadibuti,
found to be 50,000)
Increasing number of private and public vehicles necessitate the construction of
overhead crossing and also available of Jadibuti chowk.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 21
Morning flow: 10 -10:30 am
Vehicles moving from Koteshwor to Bhaktapur (145) is more than Bhaktapur
to Koteshwor (94) in the morning
Evening 5:00 – 5:30 pm
Koteshwor to pepsicola(61) is less than Pepsicola to Koteshwor and
Bhaktapur(67)
From Bhaktapur to Koteshwor(63) is less than Koteshwor to Bhaktapur(116)
From Two wheeler Four wheeler >four wheeler
A to B 86 53 6
B to A 51 36 7
A to C 39 17 5
B to C 23 09 1
C to A & B 47 18 2
Total 246 133 21
(sum total:400)
Table 1: Morning time: 10.00 am to 10.30 am (Denotation: A-Koteshwor, B-Bhaktapur,
and C- Pepsicola)
Assuming No. of Automobiles (2W, 4W, >4W) be 500 as 100% (base index) at different
interval of time, then at peak hour (morning), the flow of traffic is 80%, from the above
data.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 22
Figure: route showing point of observation towards the destination
Afternoon flow: 2:00-2:30 pm
From Bhaktapur to Koteshwor(35) is less than Koteshwor to Bhaktapur(37)
From Koteshwor to pepsicola (20) is less than pepsicola to Koteshwor and Bhaktapur
(42).
From Two wheeler Four wheeler >four wheeler
A to B 20 12 5
B to A 17 15 3
A to C 15 13 1
B to C 9 11 2
C to A & B 19 16 7
Total 80 67 18 (sum total: 165)
Table 2: Afternoon time: 2.00 pm to 2.30 pm (Denotation: A-Koteshwor, B-Bhaktapur,
and C-Pepsicola)
Assuming No. of Automobiles (2W, 4W, >4W) be 500 as 100% (base index) at different
interval of time, then at afternoon, the flow of traffic is 33%, from the above data.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 23
Figure: route showing point of observation towards the destination
Evening flow: 5:00 -5:30 pm
From Two wheeler Four wheeler >four wheeler
A to B 83 39 7
B to A 46 15 2
A to C 39 27 3
B to C 14 07 1
C to A & B 16 11 3
Total 198 99 16 (sum total: 313)
Table 3: Evening time: 5.00 pm to 5.30 pm (Denotation: A-Koteshwor, B-Bhaktapur, and
C-Pepsicola)
Assuming No. of Automobiles (2W, 4W, >4W) be 500 as 100% (base index) at different
interval of time, then at evening, the flow of traffic is 62.6%, from the above data.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 24
Figure: Traffic flowing from different routes
D. SERVICE RADIUS
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 25
The picture shows that the public vehicles are easily from the sites. All of the four pockets have
two bus stops at Jadibuti chowk and near fuel station. The bus stop at Jadibuti chowk requires 1
minute walking distance from the Puspanjali hall and aprroximately 10 minute from the
Pepsicola chowk. The total area of the study area is 161678.66 sq. meters (317-12-3-1.82).
Maximum 10 minutes require from the edge point of the site. It needs 2 min from the edge of site
and 2 min from Dial Community to reach the bus stop near fuel station.
S.No Description Year Remarks
1 Jadibuti complex 1979-1992 1981/82
2 Puspanjali hall 1967-1979 1979
3 Park 1998-2001
4 Squatter settlement 2001-2012 2007
5 Dial community 2007
6 Fuel station 1992-1998 1998
7 Slate dipo 2001-2012
8 Dumping site 2001-2012
9 Manahara 2001-2012 2003
AREA AROUND BUS STOP
SERVICE RADIUS
COMMON BUS STOP
Figure: service radius
Figure: showing the road and footpath
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 26
Table 4: Services & facilities in the
study area
The people from the site of left region come to the Jadibuti chowk for public vehicles and
remaining site to bus stop at fuel station. Both the bus stop remains common route connected by
bridge.
Figure: Lack of footpath and divider in the road for safety
Figure: City image from different perspectives
land pooling
10 Ghat (ritual place) 2013 2013
11 Residence (dispersed) from 1967
12 Residence
(cluster/compact)
1979-2013 1979
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 27
Chapter 5: Analysis
5.1 Perspective behind the Proposal
Within the study area there are only three types of landuse (except road network) i.e.
vacant land, encroached land (slums, existing buildings and religious structures) and
developed land as land pooling.
Other than these lands, reclaimed land can be generated by construction of retaining wall
throughout the river. After cleaning of vacant land and rehabilitation of slums; available
land can be used as a public spaces under which different types of activities can be
proposed for recreation. Proposed activities can be of two types :
a) Purely social purpose i.e. recreational activities without fees and
b) For the purpose of revenue generation i.e. recreational activities with fees. Activities
for the generation of revenue will be helpful in return back of investments involved in
development.
Figure: Perspective diagram for Proposal
Study area
Reclaimed land
Vacant land
Encroached land
Deveoped land
by land pooling
Land for development for social
purpose
Street furnitures Public convenience Pedestrian lane
Recreational
purpose (without
fees)
commercial
purpose
(with fees)
Retail shops, Institutions, Apartments, museums,convention centres etc. on street parking lots (source for revenue
generation)
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 28
S.No. Proposals Benefits
A
Land filling
It will helpful in reclaiming land along the river berms.
B
Waterfront park & foothpath
Waterfront Park & footpath: these two elements are running parallel to the river, offers a unique vista to the people towards water body. Along the river, people can walk. This segment along the river will be as active as a public street.
It can be the place for social integration.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
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C
Proposal of following activities
1
Gaming zone
It will be a children
attraction zone, profit/revenue earning, software based gaming area, it will be active recreational area
2
Retail shops
It can be for stationary
items, snacks shops, book shops, and handloom or handicraft shops.
3
Hoarding for advertisement
It will helpful in
getting revenues from city level commercial shops or malls.
4 Flower garden or park In this garden there will be different types of flower plants with landscape design.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 30
5 Restaurants
In this restaurant
sitting area will be near to riverfront.
6
Museums & exposition centres
To organized cultural
activities & getting fees from that.
7 Public convenience
All design will be for
all types of users i.e. children, old age, disable person
Table 5: Perspectives behind the proposal
5.2 Available land along the river for Development
Along the river there are four types of land is available i.e. unused vacant land, developed
by MLP, encroached land and reclaimed land. Along the river total land generated is
around 16 Ha for the development of river front which constitutes 39% of land is unused
vacant land, 28% of land has been encroached, 7% of land is reclaimed and only 27% of
land has been developed by MLP. Along the river encroachments include Mix Landuse,
Slum settlements, Temple & Parking space under study area. (MLP-Manhara Land
pooling)
5.3 Why Jadibuti: A critical Analysis
The analysis is mainly focussed from the development point of view. Why and how the
Jadibuti node, which is also the transit point to enter different districts can be redeveloped
in different provision of physical infrastructure to sustain it as a city junction in the
highway developed towns.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 31
The place like Jadibuti is a emerged town nearby the highway side and when there is a
provision of road facility , the city will developed due to its accessibility along the cities
and towns. Hence taking these concept, we can say that if the redevelopment is there
nearby, then there is the possibilities of development of physical infrastructure provision
like basic public services, facilities, business centres and institutional arrangement in that
locality.
There are many such possibilities to grow, develop and design the Jadibuti area for its
sustainability like other towns, but few things should be taken into consideration like
urban districts, local infrastructure planning, preservation of greenary belts and river
conservation and new designs.
To form a urban city image, there should be the provision of good infrastructure
developments and new design in the Jadibuti node if and only if the local infrastructure
planning body as well as policy making body gives priority to the important city nodes
like Jadibuti to be redeveloped.
As well as the Manhara land pooling which is focussed from the fragmentation of landuse
for individuals for the residence purpose should be defragmented and potential for
commercial development through groupism or land lease through public private people’s
partnership model for its future developments and sustainability.
While analysing, we should have a strong point, that why we have taken the Jadibuti
node, which is also the important city node of the districts which links different routes
following Valley to eastern terai and China.
The main critical things is to observe the most important requirement to form a good
image of the cities. Here are few things to be taken under consideration, and they are:
a) Accessibility
The Araniko Highway is the highway which is serving its facilities in
transportation and this highway is a reason to develop a new society in the
highway locality. Hence accessibility is a point which describes that its a tool
which is helping to grow a cities within nearby highway or we can say if there is
the facilities like road or street network, then there is the most probability of new
development as a society to be formed as a city or towns.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 32
b) Landmark
Jadibuti place itself is a landmark with different composition in the area. The
main importance of the Jadibuti is manhara river is flowing along the Jadibuti
with its importance from the religious and purity point of view.
The development pattern of the surrounding areas has created to form Jadibuti as
a landmark of the cities. Hence by redeveloping the Jadibuti nodes from the urban
design point of view, the cities can be transformed into a newer form by creating
recreational facilites with basic services, commercial centres, institutional
arrangement like corporate buildings and preserving greenary with along the
river and preserving the Jadibuti images which would be sustaining from the
development point of view and as a Landmark of the cities image.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 33
]
c) District Nodes
Jadibuti is playing an important role after the development of Araniko highway in
the districts to link different districts from the nodal point of view. The place
Jadibuti is a city junction to link Koteswor, Pepsicola along with old Thimi,
Narenphante along with Lalitpur district, Bhaktapur and Capital city and linking
to different districts through Araniko highway in the sense of trade market,
cultural and socio-economic to preserve the locality by development of physical
infrastructures which will automatically helps to sustain the cities like Jadibuti
and other river corridor area. Hence, The main objective of this redevelopment
proposal is to strengthen the commercial and recreational activities which reflects
character, social, culture and identity of the place.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 34
d) Function with City Image
The role of the Jadibuti nodes is playing important from the different point of
view like accessibility, landmark, district nodes etc. which is helping the Jadibuti
society itself in the rapid development process.
There are many things to be known while proposing any places. The analysis
should be strong enough to defence in the sense to preserve the society as well as
to preserve the spirit of the place to identify why actually Jadibuti is taken as a
study area to be redeveloped from the urban design and conservation point of
view. Hence there should be following things to be taken under consideration:
1. Examine the physical dimensions of the Jadibuti concerning its level with
nearby urban rivers and the functions that affect this level
2. Investigate and to establish the key reasons for the existence of factors”
3. The node itself is functioning as a landmark and hence to preserve the city
image, there should be the proper designs which will help towns or nodes
like Jadibuti to grow and sustained with feasible designs.
Hence, the functions and city image play a important role to preserve the
natural belts with river conservation along with urban river like Manhara. The
functional importance should be understood before designing any new
redevelopment strategy to stabilize the society in the different function and
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 35
city image to preserve its own identity and hence demanding for new basic
services, facilities and amenities with proper infrastructure planning.
Figure: Urban image of Jadibuti
Figure: Landmark- A Jadibuti herbal complex, Jadibuti node
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 36
Chapter 6: Design Studio Proposals
I. Perspective behind the proposal
Total available land can be divided for the purpose of Waterfront Park,
pedestrian lane, public & semi-public, commercial and for recreation.
Land distribution has been taken according to UD Guidelines for Public &
semi-public and commercial use but this can be varying as per the
available land and surrounding Landuse.
For land allocation major emphasis has been given on the activities which
will be benefited to the social purpose. In commercial, retail shops are
allowed. Parking lots will be provided as per the proposed activities.
II. Potential of developable land for different activities
Potential of the available land has been decided by considering three factors
a) surrounding Landuse, b) accessibility and c) area of the land available for
the development.
III. Comparison: Existing landuse Vs Proposed landuse
Compared situation details with existing landuse and proposed landuse are
listed under table below:
S.No. Existing landuse Proposed landuse
1
Lack of new designs & developments
Arrangement of new designs with physical
provision with developments
2
20% of the land along
the river is occupied by slum people.
New developments
targeting for recreational and commercial purposes
3 River is used only for Used for recreational
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 37
dumping purpose and parks
4
Developed lands by land pooling are not well maintained.
Introducing new
designs with infrastructure provisions helps to
sustain all lands
Table 6: comparison: existing landuse Vs proposed landuse
IV. Proposal detail (Space management)
Integrated office spaces (governmental offices)
Museum and exposition centres with riverside cafe at the top
portion
Lower apartments
Medical college and hospitals
Corporate houses
Institution and education centres
Shopping complex
Retail shops
Business hotel
Convention centres
Banks services and facilities
Mix-use complex
Tourism information centre and air ticketing
Show rooms
Parks and greenary
Under mix-use complex there are other services and facilites inside it. They are enlisted below:
1. Underground parking facilities
2. Jewellary shops, wide range of clothing stores, cinema hall, gadget shops, accessories,
fastfood,
3. Cyber cafe, gaming zone etc.
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 38
Chapter 7: Recommendation
1. Parking space should be provided as per the requirements of different activities.
2. There should be public convenience at a distance of 200 meter.
3. In recreational zone, there should be a dust bin at each 100 meter.
4. Hoardings for advertisement will be towards ro o y; h wo y
provision of pamphlets for advertisements. Hoardings will be in mono color.
5. Proper pedestrian spaces should be provided for safety and security feeling.
6. Greenary space should be provided to preserve natural beauty and its surrounding
image.
7. To preserve the image of the Jadibuti node and its settlement, there should be the sustainability of such physical infrastructure provisions by local infrastructure planning or concerned parties.
8. Environment action plan should be formulated to prevent from pollution and
waste disposal
9. Noise barrier should be provided for different buildings located both sides of
highway.
10. Parking spaces near the roads are charged for the maintainence of area by municipalities
11. Community involvement should engaged to develop their own towns as in Nepali sayings: “Aafno gaun aafai banau” (Build-Our-Village-by-Ourselves)
12. Horns are strictly prohibited in the proposed area.
13. Encouragement to people to follow traffic rules
Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
Page 39
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Urban Redevelopment Pattern: A Study of Jadibuti Node
Amit Pokhrel (Regd.No.: 035-3-3-03881-2012; M.Sc. Urban design & Conservation; Batch: 2012-2014)
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ENCLOSURES
PROPOSED DESIGNS