Post on 12-Mar-2023
SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ADVANCES IN
PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ICAPST -2021
May 27-29, 2021
Book of Abstracts
Edited by
Dr. K. Navaneetha Pandiyaraj
Associated With
Organized by
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
An Autonomous Institution | Approved by AICTE, New Delhi | Affiliated to Anna University
Accredited by NBA| & NAAC with A GradeSri Shakthi Nagar, L & T By - Pass,
Chinniyampalayam Post, Coimbatore -641062, India
Transactions on Plasma Sciences
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| i
Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology (SIET) was established in the
year 2006 by Dr. S. Thangavelu, with the zeal to provide quality Engineering Education to
the young minds and to make them innovative employable Engineers.
Sri Shakthi is accredited by NAAC with A grade and also SIET is the youngest
institution in India, accredited by National Board of Accreditation (NBA) for four courses
namely Mech , ECE, CSE and IT. We have been consecutively recognized as the best
industry connect institute with platinum ranking by the AICTE-CII survey of Industry-
linked technical Institutions for the years from 2014 to 2017 and received awards under
Established Engineering Institution for Electronics & allied courses in 2017 and in 2014
as Emerging Engineering Institution category as close competitor. Sri Shakthi symbolizes
'creative & progressive power' of dynamic youth and is ranked among top 10 percent of
3000 colleges across India to receive National Employability Award and The Times Group
Award for Excellence in Education. We are the pioneer Institute in India, chosen by Indian
Electronics & Semiconductor Industries Association to launch their premier courses on
VLSI design and embedded product design.
The inspirational leaders such as Padmashri A. Sivathanu Pillai, Padmashri R.M.
Vasagam, Mylswamy Annadurai, Dr. Sandeep Garg, P. Venkat Rangan, Mr. Sanjeev
Keskar, Mr. Srikantan Moorthy, A.K.Pattabiraman, Mr. Varadharajan, Ms. Hema Gopal,
Mr. K. Ganesan, Madhusudan Atre, Mr. Vivek Pawar, Kamesh Namuduri, Mr. Jayaram
Pillai, Mr. Veerappan, Mr. Parthasarathy, Mr. VA Shiva Ayyadurai, Kiran Bedi, Prof. John
A Davis, Kavi Perarasu Vairamuthu, Mr. Chetan Bhagat, Mr. Rajesh Nair, Mr. Kannan
Ramamani and Mrs. Anuradha Srinivasan have visited our campus to inspire our
students.
The institute is also collaborated with worldwide universities and industries to
support our mission. Oracle, CISCO, National Instruments, Cadence, Xilinx, Infosys,
Wipro, MindTree, AMI, Siemens, Dassault Systems, TTK prestige, HP Enterprise, Virtusa
Polaris, Gyan Matrix, IESA, NASSCOM, IEI, ISTE, IEEE and ITB are few among them.
The institute currently offers thirteen degree programs in the field of Agricultural,
Automobile, Bio Medical, Bio Technology, Electrical and Electronics, Electronics and
Communication, Computer Science, Food Technology, Information Technology,
Mechanical, Civil, and and master degree programs in the fields of VLSI Design,
Engineering Design, Structural Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Power
Electronics & Drives.
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| ii
FOREWORD
Plasma Science and Technology exploits the reactive unique properties of the
plasma medium to develop novel materials and processes that are difficult to be realized
by conventional means. Plasma technology is extensively used in space, nuclear, bio-
medical, therapeutic and societal applications.
This is the Second time that Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology
is organizing a International conference in the field of Plasma Science and Technology. The
focus of the conference is on recent developments in thermal plasma technology, plasma
surface engineering, dielectric barrier discharges, plasmas in biomedical applications, etc.
The conference would offer an effective platform to discuss the recent developments in the
field of Plasma Science and Technology and chart out future direction. Experts from
International and National laboratories and Universities would be delivering lectures on
various aspects of Plasma Science and Technology. A bound volume of the abstracts of the
papers that would be presented is being brought out, which would provide useful guideline
to young researchers in the field.
I would like to acknowledge the help of the members of the International and
national advisory committee for their valuable suggestions and also the local organizing
committee in successfully organizing this important conference.
Dr. S. Thangavelu
Chairman
Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| iii
MESSAGE FROM CHAIRMAN
I am glad that Department of Physics, Sri Shakthi Institute of
Engineering and Technology is organizing International Conference on
Advance in Plasma Science and Technology during May 27-29, 2021.
Plasma Science is one of the frontier areas of human quest in the
field of science, holding out great promise across the wide spectral issues
of emerging technologies like material synthesis, nano technology,
medicine, environment etc. My firm belief of the prospect of this
conference will provide a great opportunity for the participants who are
working in the area of plasma science and technology to share their
recent innovation and venture through the interaction among
themselves. I anticipate this mutual interaction among the delegates will help to update
the knowledge and create a path way for new collaboration and exploration leading to
development in the emerging area of plasma science and technology.
My best wishes for grand success of the conference.
Dr. S. Thangavelu
Chairman
Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology
Dr.S.Thangavelu
Chairman
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| iv
MESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL
I am delighted to meet you through this page. Education is
not only an act of acquiring knowledge but learning a skill to lead
life and grooming ones personality. Education of the highest order
aims at guiding, inspiring, motivating and leading young men and
women to become successful leaders to serve the country better.
Research is the key parameter to promote the individuality to
horizon. In order to create the best researchers the institution has
been providing to enhance the research activities even from the
budding researchers since its origin.
International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and
Technology, an advent venue of the researchers is planned this year
2021. I hope this forum will provide enlightening contributions from researchers working
in the area of plasma science and technology.
I appreciate the effort made by Department of Physics in organizing this conference
and wish the conference grand success.
With immense pleasure, I welcome all the contributors for this conference.
Dr.A.R.Ravikumar
Principal
Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology
Dr.A.R.Ravikumar
Principal
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| v
DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE
In this age of rapidly changing technologies, it is essential for all
research and teaching professionals to keep abreast of the latest
developments, emerging trends & techniques in the area of expertise.
Certain issues and challenges faced in these areas need to be taken care
of with proper solutions.
In this regard, an Second International conference on Advanced
in Plasma Science and Technology provides an ideal platform to the
research and teaching professionals to share their findings before the
peer members and experts. Also, the various sub-themes of the
conference will offer the delegates ample opportunities to learn new
inventions and incorporate the same in their respective field of
research.
I am very happy and congratulate the conference chair for organizing the conference
on a well thought issue pertinent to the plasma science and technology.
I welcome all external delegates to this conference and wish the conference a grand
success.
Dr. S. Poornachandra
Director
Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering & Technology
Dr. S. Poornachandra Director
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| vi
PREFACE
The Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and
Technology (ICAPST-2021) aims to provide an outstanding opportunity for both academic
and industrial communities alike to address new trends, challenges and emerging
technologies on topics relevant to today’s technological advancements in the area of plasma
science and technology. The conference features invited talks, contributed oral and poster
presentations in various emerging area of plasma science and Technology.
The vision of ICAPST-2021 is to foster communication among researchers and
practitioners working in a wide variety of areas in Plasma science and Technology.
I begin by thanking and applauding to Dr.S.Thangavelu, Founder and Chairman,
Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology for his guidance, insight and
encouragement were indispensable during all aspects of this conference, and without these
grand event would not have succeeded. I am extending my deep sense of gratitude to
Er.T.Dheepan, Secretary and Mr.T.Sheelan, Join Secretary for their valuable suggestion
and kind support in organizing the conference.
I express my profound gratitude to Dr.A.R.Ravikumar, Principal and
Dr.S.Poornachandra, Director Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology for
extending their unlimited support in all aspects without which this conference could not
have been arranged.
I am grateful to Dr.P.V.A. Padmanabhan, President, Power Beam Society of India,
Dr. Anthony B. Murphy, CSIRO Manufacturing, Australia, Dr. Srikumar Ghorui, Laser
and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, India
Dr.R.R.Deshmukh, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Dr. Nilson C Cruz, São
Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, Dr. Rino Morent, Ghent University, Belgium,
Dr.K.Ramachandiran, Dr.G.Shanmugavelautham and Dr.K.Suresh, Bharathair
University, Dr.S.Yugeswaran, Pondicherry University, who have source of strength in
organizing the conference and also giving their timely suggestions and encouragement.
I extremely grateful to Pof. Dr. Steven J. Gitomer, Editor-in-Chief, IEEE
Transactions on Plasma Science for giving an opportunity to publish our conference
selective articles to IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science as an special issue.
I would like to thank everyone who has shown interest in participating the
conference, record my sincere thankful and full appreciation to all the invited speaker who
have readily accepted our invitation and delivered talks and also sending manuscript in
time. We equally thankful to the plasma science and technology community who have
contributed papers for oral and poster sessions.
I deeply thank local, national and internal advisory members for their valuable
suggestions to organize this prestigious event. The conference bring hope that the plasma
community is vibrant to take plasma science and technology forward to higher level in
nation building
Dr.K.Navaneetha Pandiyaraj,
Organizing Chair, ICAPST
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
KEY NOTE ADDRESS
Abstract
ID Title of the abstract
Page
No
KEY
Research Highlights from IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science – 2020 - 2021
Steven Gitomer, TPS Editor-in-Chief
1
PLENARY LECTURES
Abstract
ID Title of the abstract
Page
No
PLE-01
Modelling of Arc Welding: From a Research Tool to Software
for Industry
Anthony B. Murphy, Fiona F. Chen, David G. Thomas, Dayalan Gunasegaram
2
PLE-02
A Novel Variable Frequency APPJ Device and its Unique
Discharge Dynamics
S. Ghorui
3
PLE-03
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation: from fundamentals to
applications
Rosana F. Antônio, Cesar A. Antônio, Lívia Sottovia, Thais G. Matiello, Elidiane C. Rangel, Nilson C Cruz
4
PLE-04 Plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds for nerve regeneration
Rouba Ghobeira, Nathalie De Geyter, Rino Morent 5
INVITED CONTRIBUTIONS
Abstract
ID
Title of the abstract Page
No
INV-01
In situ infrared absorption analysis of silicon nanoparticles
generated by means of atmospheric plasma jets
Jan Benedikt, Maren Dworschak, Jessica Ruhnke, Sadegh Askari
7
INV-02
Plasma Deposition of Advanced Thin Films and
Nanostructured Materials
A. Bendavid
8
INV-03
Diagnostics of Production of Cobalt by Hydrogen Plasma
Technology
Kali Charan Sabat
9
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-04
Capacitively coupled plasma discharges excited by tailored
waveform – a simulation study
Nishant Sirse, Sarveshwar Sharma, Miles Turner
10
INV-05
Bimodal fluctuation dynamics in magnetized complex
astroclouds
Pralay Kumar Karmakar, Dhrubajit Kalita
11
INV-06
Applications of Energetic Neutrals Extracted from Glow
Discharge Plasmas
M. Perumal, Suraj Kumar Sinha
12
INV-07
Controlled Release of drugs from hydrogels by Cold −
atmospheric Plasma mediated Surface Engineering, with
special use of cross linkers
Smruti Prava Das
13
INV-08
Optimizing Surfaces Performance for Technological
Applications: Deposition of Si-Based Films in
Hexamethyldisiloxane Plasmas
Elidiane Cipriano Rangel
14
INV-9
Mechanism of Ampicillin Degradation by Nonthermal Plasma
Treatment with FE-DBD
Hai-Feng (Frank) JI
16
INV-10 Interactions of plasmas with droplets and virus aerosols
Gaurav Nayak, Peter J. Bruggeman 17
INV-11
Non-thermal plasma induced immunomodulation and its role
in treatment of HIV-1 infection
Vandana Miller, Hager Mohamed, Katharina Stapelmann, Fred C.
Krebs
19
INV-12
Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on fabric
weave construction and properties
Rajendra R. Deshmukh, Shital S. Palaskar
20
INV-13
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet and Its Biomedical
Application
Deepak Prasad Subedi, Hom Bahadur Baniya, Rajendra Shrestha, Rajesh Prakash Guragain
21
INV-14 Catallytic Non-Thermal Plasma: An Advanced Oxidation
Process for Air and Waste Water Treatment
C. Subrahmanyam
22
INV-15
FTIR investigations of hydrogenated amorphous carbon
deposited using Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Ioana Cristina Gerber, Ilarion Mihaila, Valentin Pohoata, Ionut
Topala
24
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-16
Plasma-assisted deposition of bifunctional coatings on titanium implants
Monica Thukkaram, Renee Coryn, Mahtab Asadian , Parinaz Saadat Esbah Tabae, Petra Rigole, Naveenkumar Rajendhran, Anton Nikiforov, Jacob Sukumaran, Tom Coenye, Pascal Van Der Voort, Gijs Du Laing 5, Rino Morent, Alexander Van Tongel, Lieven De Wilde, Patrick De Baets, Kim Verbeken, Nathalie De Geyter
25
INV-17
Investigation on post field emission transformation of directly grown GNWs on metallic wires
Rajib Kar, Shreya G Sarkar, Love Mishra, Rashmi Tripathi,
R.O. Dusane, D.S. Patil, Namita Maiti
26
INV-18 Possible application of plasmas as tunable metamaterials
Rajneesh Kumar 27
INV-19
Elimination of Candida Albicans Bacteria by Cold Plasma
Systems
Necdet Aslan
28
INV-20
Plasma-based conversion of molecular precursors for low-
temperature, sustainable synthesis of chemicals and materials
R. Mohan Sankaran
29
INV-21 Anode fireball for making super-hydrophobic nanodot surfaces
Mukesh Ranjan, Siddhart Phukan, Vivek Pachichigar 30
INV-22
On Inactivation of Breast Cancer Cell by Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Jet of Argon with Nitrogen Seeding: Understanding the Effect of Reactive Species and Excitation Frequency
V.C. Misra, B. Ganesh Pai, N. Tiwari, B.S. Patro, S. Ghorui
31
INV-23
Air plasma-water interactions for biomedical/agriculture applications of plasma activated water
Zdenko Machala
32
INV-24
Wastewater Treatment and Nanomaterial Synthesis by Microplasma Technology
K. Suresh, S. Meiyazhagan, E.R. Kavitha, S. Yugeswaran
33
INV-25 Plasma Activated Water as a Source of Green Fertilizer
Lakshminarayana Rao 34
INV-26 Cold plasma applications in food and agriculture
R. Mahendran 35
INV-27
Plasma sprayed multilayered thermal barrier coating systems: An overview
S.T. Aruna
36
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-28
Architect coating microstructures using plasma spraying for energy harvesting applications
Yugeswaran Subramaniam
37
INV-29
A novel plasma assisted recovery of metals from metal bearing solid waste
R. Saravanakumar, K. Ramachandran
38
INV-30
Study on Superhydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of Cotton and PET fabric by DC glow discharge plasma
G. Shanmugavelayutham
39
INV-31
Detoxification of aflatoxins in red chillies (Capsiucm anuum L.) using low pressure cold plasma
S.H.D. Udeshika, A.B.G.C.J. De Silva, T. Dissanayake, S.C. Amarasena, P. Abeysundara, P.N.R.J. Amunugoda
40
INV-32
Evolution of Small Perturbations Into Nonlinear Stationary Structures In Ionospheric Plasma
Swarniv Chandra
41
ORAL AND POSTER CONTRIBUTIONS
Abstract
ID Title of the abstract
Page
No
OP-01
First results of recently developed prototype Magneto-Optic
Current Sensor (MOCS) diagnostic for plasma current
measurements in ADITYA-U tokamak
Santosh P. Pandya, Kumudni Tahiliani, Praveenlal E. V., Sameer Kumar Jha, Lavkesh T. Lachwani, Suman Aich, Surya Kumar Pathak, Rakesh L. Tanna, Joydeep Ghosh, ADITYA-U team
42
OP-02
Effect of asymmetric laser pulse on Laser wakefield
acceleration in underdense plasma
Vivek Sharma, Sandeep Kumar, Niti Kant, Vishal Thakur
43
OP-03
Quantum and relativistic effects on the KdV and envelope
solitons in ion-plasma waves
H. Sahoo, C. Das, S. Chandra, B. Ghosh, K.K. Mondal
44
OP-04
Estimation of Eddy Magnetic Field at Magnetic Probes in
Aditya-U Tokamak
S. Aich, J. Ghosh, T. M. Macwan, R. Kumar, R. L. Tanna, D. Raju, S.
Jha, P. K. Chattopadhyay, E. V. Praveenlal, K. A. Jadeja, K. Patel, K.
Singh, S. Dolui, ADITYA-U team
45
OP-05
Cathode position detection in a transferred arc plasma using
artificial neural network
Shakti Prasad Sethi, Debi Prasad Das, Santosh Kumar Behera
46
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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OP-06
Conceptual Design of Multichannel FEB Detection System to
Study Suprathermal Electron Dynamics during Lower Hybrid
Current Drive (LHCD) in ADITYA-U Tokamak
Jagabandhu Kumar, Santosh P. Pandya, P. K. Sharma
47
OP-07
Efficient terahertz radiation by relativistic self-focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam in magnetized plasma under higher-order paraxial region
Gunjan Purohit, Pradeep Kothiyal, Bineet Gaur, Amita Raizada
48
OP-08
A Comparison Study of Plasma Torch Characteristics Using
Air and Carbon dioxide
V. Yugesh, P. Amarnath, S. Yugeswaran, P.V. Ananthapadmnabhan
49
OP-09
Spatial variation of plasma parameters in a pulsed plasma
accelerator
S. Singha, A. Ahmed, S. Borthakur, N.K. Neog, T.K. Borthakur
50
OP-10
Numerical study on the effect of plasma density on Runaway Electron suppression in the ADITYA-U tokamak
Ansh Patel, Santosh P. Pandya, Tanmay M. Macwan, Umeshkumar C. Nagora, Jayesh V. Raval, K.A. Jadeja, Sameer Kumar Jha, Rohit Kumar, Suman Aich, Suman Dolui, Kaushlender Singh, K. M. Patel, Kumudni Tahiliani, Surya Kumar Pathak, Rakesh L. Tanna, Joydeep Ghosh, Manoj Kumar, ADITYA-U team
51
OP-11
Effect of reduced electric field on the methane conversion in
dbd and arc discharges operated using methane-air mixture: A
simulation study
Ram Mohan Pathak, J. Ananthanarasimhan, Lakshminarayana Rao
52
OP-12
Comparison of performance of cold atmospheric plasma and
two conventional methods for inactivation of the Alternaria sp.
C. Alves-Júnior, L.J.A. de Lima, J. O. Vitoriano, M.C.S. Campêlo, L.C. de Figuerêdo
53
OP-13 Gas plasma sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin
Milad Rasouli, Mahmood Ghoranneviss, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov 54
OP-14
Computational analysis of non-thermal plasma dynamics in a
low pressure continuous DBD reactor for liquid foods
decontamination
M. Dharini, R. Anbarasan, S. Jaspin, Mahendran
55
OP-15
Computational dynamics for DBD plasma system to predict the
reactive species concentration and to evaluate individual
species influence on chlorpyrifos degradation in soybean
R. Anbarasan, M. Dharini, Mahendran
56
OP-16
Numerical simulation of the characteristics of DC glow
discharge confined by mirror and cusp magnetic fields
M.S. Janarthini, V.R. Barath, K. Ramachandran
57
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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OP-17
Hydrophilization of ritonavir drug using pulsed oxygen plasma
treatment for enhanced wettability, solubility and dissolution
Ajinkya M. Trimukhe, Satish V. Rojekar, Rajendra R. Deshmukh, Pradeep R. Vavia
58
OP-18
Room-temperature toluene decomposition by catalytic non-
thermal plasma reactor
KVSS Bhargavi, Debjyoti Ray, Ch. Subrahmanyam
59
OP-19
Ceria nanoparticles synthesis through microplasma array
discharge method and its supercapacitor performance
assessment
E.R. Kavitha, S. Meiyazhagan, S. Yugeswaran, K. Suresh
60
OP-20
Study of addition of aluminum on electrochemical features of
low-reflectivity TiAlN coatings
Aida M. Echavarría, Hernán D. Mejía V, G. Gilberto Bejarano
61
OP-21
Study on Cold Plasma Treatment for Improving the Shelf Life
of Soya Chunks in Food Industry
Thirumalaisamy Anupriyanka, Gurusamy Shanmugavelayutham
62
OP-22
Effect of reduced electric field on toluene dissociation in a
rotating gliding arc discharge: A simulation study
J. Ananthanarasimhan, Lakshminarayana Rao
63
OP-23
Plasma assisted Hopcalite (CuMnOx) catalysis for toluene
removal in an air stream
S. Sonar, J.-M.Giraudon, S.K.P.Veerapandian, J.-F. Lamonier, R. Morent, N. De Geyter, A.Löfberg
64
OP-24
Enrichment of Hydroponic Farming by Paw Spray Gliding Arc Plasma Generator
Khanit Matra, Yottana Tanakaran, Suthida Theepharaksapan, Vijitra Luang-In
66
OP-25
Post-harvest decontamination of rocket leaves through plasma activated water (PAW): effects on quality and shelf-life
Giorgia Gozzi, Beatrice Cellini, Romolo Laurita, Silvia Tappi, Doaa Abouelenein, Sauro Vittori, Vittorio Colombo, Pietro Rocculi, Marco Dalla Rosa, Lucia Vannini
68
OP-26
Solvation of Gaseous Nitrous Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Ozone in the Bulk Water
Mostafa Elsayed Hassan, Mário Janda, Zdenko Machala
70
OP-27
Development of Atmospheric Plasma Spary Coatings of Rare Earth Phosphates on Graphite Substrate
S. Bhandari, N. Tiwari, Y. Chakravarthy, V. Chaturvedi Misra, S Ghorui, T. Mahata
71
OP-28
Studies on the development of rare earth silicate-based environmental barrier coatings by plasma spraying
S. Senthil Kumar, N. Balaji, Easwari Padma, S.T. Aruna
72
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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OP-29
Computational modeling on Cu-Ni alloy evaporation in DC free burning arc plasma
G D Dhamale, Subrat Kumar Das, Satya Prakash Reddy Kandada, R. Abiyazhin, K. Ramachandran, C Balasubramanian
73
OP-30
Radical Generation in Interaction of Thermal Plasma Jet of Air with Water
N. Tiwari, V. C. Misra, S. Bhandari, Y.C. Chakraborty, S. Ghorui
74
OP-31
Efficient electron acceleration in vacuum by using trapezoidal laser pulse envelope
A.K. Pramanik, Niti Kant, Jyoti Rajput
75
OP-32
Combined effect of spatio-temporal dynamics of laser pulse on electron acceleration in relativistic plasma
Proxy Kad, Arvinder Singh
76
OP-33
Fluid Modeling of Plasma Formed via Microwave Gas Discharge in a Cavity Resonator at Low Pressures by Comsol Multiphysics Software
Hadi Yusefnejad, Mohammad Kazem Salem, Mahmood Ghoranneviss, Hadi Zaker Khatir
77
OP-34
The effect of rotating strongly coupled magnetized Quantum plasma on gravitational instability
K Gwala, A K Patidar, R K Pensia, H. Joshi
78
OP-35
Computational optimization of plasma parameters for plasma surface modification of Titanium for dental implant
Bivek Pradhan, Utpal Deka
79
PP-01
Effects of Multi-hollow Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Plasma Treatment on Detoxification of Aflatoxins on Peanut
Seeds
Gebremedhin Gebremariam
80
PP-02
Aiding curative remediation of biodeteriorated archival paper
using oxygen plasma
Salgo Merin Ricki Elenjikamalil, Gauree A. Arolkar, R.R. Deshmukh, Varsha Kelkar-Mane
81
PP-03
Excitation of electron plasma wave by self-focused cosh-
Gaussian laser beam in collisionless plasma and electron
accelerations
Gunjan Purohit, Bineet Gaur, Pradeep Kothiyal
82
PP-04
Pulsed plasma electrolytic oxidation as strategy to produce
optical selective surfaces
Richelly Nayhene de Lima, Jussier de Oliveira Vitoriano, Clodomiro Alves-Junior
83
PP-05
Influence of Aluminum Content on The Microstructure,
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialn Coatings
Hernán D. Mejía V, Mauricio A. Franco, Gilberto G. Bejarano
84
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PP-06
Role of Kinetic Alfven Waves and Associated Turbulence
Generation in the Magnetotail Reconnection Region
Neha Pathak, S. C. Sharma, R.P. Sharma
85
PP-07
Influence of Nitrogen Flow Variation on the Structural,
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialvn Coatings
Deposited by Dc Magnetron Sputtering
Francisco Giraldo, Gilberto Bejarano, Jhon J. Olaya
86
PP-08
The effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on
the electrostatic properties of corona charged nonwoven filter
media
M. F. Bekkara, L. Dascalescu, T. Zeghloul, Y. Benmimoun, A.
Tilmatine, M. B Neagoe
87
PP-09
A Study on Sagdeev Pseudo Potential and Electrostatic
Potential of Solitons in Four Component magnetized Dusty
Plasma
Mythili Kailas, T. Pavithra, K. Raghavi, L. Kavitha
88
PP-10
Thin film solar cells materials modification by ion irradiation
in inductively coupled plasma reactor
Krunoslav Juraić, Mario Bohač, Nikša Krstulović, Davor Gracin
89
PP-11
Large amplitude ion acoustic Solitary waves in
multicomponent warm ion quantum plasma with degenerate
electrons
Kishan Kumar, M. K. Mishra
90
PP-12
Effects of transverse electric and magnetic fields on THz
generation by laser filaments in the collisional plasma
Sandeep Kumar
91
PP-13
Rotational properties of annulus dusty plasma in a strong
magnetic field
Mangilal Choudhary, Roman Bergert, Sandra Moritz, Slobodan Mitic, Markus H. Thoma
92
PP-14
Effect of plasma bubbling on textural and engineering
properties of Ready-To-Eat pearl millet flakes and puffs
R. Lokeswari, R. Mahendran
93
PP-15
HASS Study for Stationary Formations in a Four Component
Dense Magnetoplasma with Lateral Perturbations
Souradeep Thakur, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra
94
PP-16
Electron Acoustic Peregrine Breathers in a Quantum Plasma
with One Dimensional Temperature Anisotropy
Payel Ghosh, Arnab Das, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra
95
PP-17
Formation of Nonlinear Stationary Structures in Ionospheric
Plasma
Gobinda Manna, Suman Dey, Amrita Gupta, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Swarniv Chandra
96
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| xv
PP-18
Two Stream Instability and Particle Escape in the Venusian
Ionosphere
Suman Dey, Saptarshi Ghosh, Debjit Maity, Swarniv Chandra
97
PP-19
Plasma Shock Wave in Gamma Ray Bursts; Nonlinear
Phenomena and Radiative Process
Swastik Ballav, Ansuman Das, Sourav Singha, Swarniv Chandra
98
PP-20
Homotopy Study of Spherical Ion-Acoustic Waves in
Relativistic Degenerate Galactic Plamsa
Soumya Sarkar, Anuradha Sett, Suman Pramanick, Tamal Ghosh, Swarniv Chandra, Chinmay Das
99
PP-21
Ion Acoustic Double Layers and Solitons in a Dense Plasma
Around critical regime
Indranil Maiti, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Swarniv Chandra, Shreyasi
Mukherjee, Kuntal Samanta
100
PP-22
Multistability Studies on Electron-Acoustic Wave in a
Magnetized Plasma with Supra-thermal Ions
Rupanjan Banerjee, Jit Sarkar, Soureen Zaman, Lakshita Bageja, Swarniv Chandra
101
PP-23
Rogue Wave Generation through Non-Linear Self Interaction of
Electrostatic Waves in Dense Plasma
Ankur Dey, Trisita Das, Surajit Mandal, Swarniv Chandra
102
PP-24
Transverse fluctuations and their effects on the stable
functioning of semiconductor devices
Biswasaran Panda, Anusree Sen, Sweta Mallik, Swarniv Chandra
103
PP-25
Evolution of Envelop Soliton and associated Instability During
Intense Laser Plasma Interaction: Homotopy Analysis
Ahona Majumdar, Ritwik Ghosal, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra
104
PP-26
Resonant Interactions Between the Fundamental and Higher
Harmonics of Nonlinear Surface Waves in Degenerate Plasma
Amit Ghosh, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Hema Chhibber, Yash Arya, Swarniv Chandra
105
PP-26
Magnetosonic shocks and solitons in Fermi plasma with
quasiperiodic perturbation
Sharry, Debiposad Dutta, Mrittika Ghosh, Swarniv Chandra
106
PP-28
Bifurcaion Analysis of Electron Acoustic Waves in Degenerate
Astrophysical Plasma: Chaos and Multistability
Debapriya Nandi, Dayita Bhattacharjee, Jit Sarkar, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra
107
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| xvi
PP-29
Forced-KdV Solitary Structure and its Evolution into Envelope
Solitons in a magnetised plasma containing degenerate
electrons and Kappa distributed ions
Ankita Dey, Chinmay Das, Jit Sarkar, Jyotirmoy Goswami, Swarniv
Chandra
108
PP-30 Non-linear Wave-Wave Interaction in Semiconductor Device
Jyotirmoy Goswami, Jit Sarkar, Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra 109
PP-31
Semi Lagrangian Method to study nonlinear electrostatic
waves in quantum plasma through Vlasov equation
Chinmay Das, Swarniv Chandra, Basdev Ghosh
110
PP-32 Chirped laser beat wave electron acceleration in vacuum
Kavish Middha, Vishal Thakur, Niti Kant, Jyoti Rajput 111
PP-33
Design of the time-of-flight low-energy analyzer for Aditya-U
Tokamak
Snehlata Aggarwal, Santosh P. Pandya, Kumar Ajay
112
PP-34
Comparative Study of I-V Charactersitics of Plasma-Metal
Junction with the Diodes I-V Characteristics
Sneha Latha Kommuguri, M. Perumal, TH Rishikanta Singh, Suraj Kumar Sinha
113
PP-35
Impact of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on microbial
reduction and physicochemical qualities in coconut
inflorescence sap (Neera)
Latha Sukumaran, Mahendran Radhakrishnan
114
PP-36
Estimation of diameter of a rotating gliding arc discharge using
high speed imaging technique
J. Ananthanarasimhan, Adarsh Raghuram, Lakshminarayana Rao
115
PP-37
Modulational Instability of four elemental dusty plasma
networks
K. Raghavi, L. Kavitha
116
PP-38 Instabilities in Quantum Semiconductor Plasma: A Review
Krishna Sharma, Utpal Deka 117
PP-39
Simulation of electrical characteristics of the dielectric barrier
discharge using SIMULINK: Effect of operating frequency and
gas type
Ram Mohan Pathak, Ananthanarasimhan Jayanarasimha,
Lakshminarayana Rao
118
PP-40
Oxygen-assisted growth of graphene sheet by PECVD process
Neha Gupta
119
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| xvii
PP-41
Effect of reduced electric field in pin-to-water discharge: A
simulation study
N. Punith, Lakshminarayana Rao
120
PP-42
I-V characteristics of a DC Glow discharge Plasma powered by
a two Voltage sources
Thangjam Rishikanta Singh, Suraj Kumar Sinha
121
PP-43
Magnetized Two-Fluid Spin Quantum Plasmas, A new mode,
stability condition and impurity effect
F. Nooralishahi, M.K. Salem
122
PP-44
Investigation of relativistic thermal distribution in the
anisotropic plasmas
F. Nooralishahi
123
PP-45
Turning Dirty Garbage into Clean Environment: A Cokebed
Based Air Plasma Gasification Technology Developed by BARC
S. Bhandari, N. Tiwari, Y. Chakravarthy, V. Chaturvedi Misra,
S.Ghorui
124
PP-46
Polypyrrole grafting on oxygen plasma-processed nylon 6 fabric for gas sensing application
Ashish A. Nimbekar, Rajendra R. Deshmukh
125
PP-47
Adhesion properties of polypropylene fabric treated with atmospheric pressure plasma and coated with polyurethane: Effect of ageing
Shital S. Palasakar, Ravindra D. Kale, Rajendra R. Deshmukh
126
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21
Key Note Address
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 1
KEYNOTE
Research Highlights from IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science –
2020 - 2021
Steven Gitomer, TPS Editor-in-Chief
Los Alamos National Laboratory (ret), Los Alamos, New Mexico USA
Abstract
The IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is in its 49th year of existence. The journal
is a monthly publication of IEEE, falling under the auspices of the IEEE Nuclear and
Plasma Sciences Society. The journal had 567 papers and 4343 pages published in the
most recently completed calendar year (2020).
The journal covers all aspects of the theory and application of plasma science. It
includes the following areas: magnetohydrodynamics; thermionics and plasma diodes;
basic plasma phenomena; gaseous electronics; microwave/ plasma interactions; electron,
ion, and plasma sources; space plasmas; intense electron and ion beams; laser-plasma
interactions; plasma diagnostics; plasma chemistry and processing; solid-state plasmas;
plasma heating; plasma for controlled fusion research; high energy density plasmas;
industrial/commercial/medical applications of plasma physics; plasma waves and
instabilities; dusty plasmas; high power microwave and submillimeter wave generation;
electromagnetic launch science and technology; terahertz science and technology; etc.
The talk will include a brief history and background of the journal, the journal’s
scope, a summary of the journal’s Special Issue derived from the 1st ICAPST, and brief
synopses of a few recently published research articles, highlighted in the journal’s monthly
e-mail blasts. The plasma science subjects represented in these articles include:
pyrolysis/gasification and plasma conversion technology; arcs and MHD; and Industrial,
commercial, and medical applications of plasmas.
The talk concludes with an announcement of the details of the planned IEEE TPS
Special Issue derived from the 2nd ICAPST. The Special Issue has a target submission date
for selected papers of 01 August 2021, and a scheduled publication date of May 2022.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21
Plenary Lecture
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 2
PLE–01
Modelling of Arc Welding: From a Research Tool to Software for
Industry
Anthony B. Murphy 1, *, Fiona F. Chen 2, David G. Thomas 3,
Dayalan Gunasegaram 2
1 CSIRO Manufacturing, PO Box 218, Lindfield NSW 2070, Australia
2 CSIRO Manufacturing, Private Bag 10, Clayton South VIC 3169, Australia
3 CSIRO Data61, Private Bag 10, Clayton South VIC 3169, Australia
* Corresponding Author Email: tony.murphy@csiro.au
Abstract
Arc welding is widely applied to join metal pieces, using the high heat flux provided
by a thermal arc plasma. The heat partially melts the metal pieces to form a weld pool.
When the weld pool solidifies, the pieces are joined.
Arc welding involves all four states of matter: solid, liquid, gas and plasma. In
existing commercial arc welding software, only the solid metal is modelled. The arc plasma
is only incorporated through boundary conditions on the metal surface. Since the plasma,
and therefore the boundary conditions, are strongly affected by the plasma–metal
interactions, extensive experimental calibration is required for every set of welding
parameters.
We have developed a computational model of arc welding that includes the arc
plasma, as well as the solid and liquid metal and the gas, in the computational domain.
While this introduces additional complexity to the model, it dramatically reduces the
requirements for experimental benchmarking. By introducing appropriate simplifications
and integrating the model with a graphical user interface, we have developed a software
package, ArcWeld, that runs on a standard personal computer and can be easily used by
welding technicians and engineers. ArcWeld can model gas–metal arc welding (also known
as metal inert-gas / metal active-gas welding) of steels and aluminium and magnesium
alloys for a wide range of welding parameters and geometries.
In this talk, I will describe the methods used in the model, including the underlying
equations and the approaches used to treat droplet transfer, metal vapour and the mixing
of alloys in the weld pool. I will also discuss how we have adapted the model from a research
tool to a software product suitable for industry. Finally, I will outline our current work on
extending the model to treat wire–arc additive manufacturing.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 3
PLE–02
A Novel Variable Frequency APPJ Device and its Unique
Discharge Dynamics
S. Ghorui 1,2 *
1 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094
2 Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-
400085
* Corresponding Author Email: sghorui@barc.gov.in
Abstract
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets (APPJ) are gaining rapid momentum in recent
days due to its simplicity, cost effectiveness and wide application in areas ranging from
material processing to biomedical application. The study describes development of a very
low cost novel APPJ device and experimentally investigates the strange discharge
behaviour observed in the system in real time. The novel concept deployed in the design,
resulting electrical response and possible discharge mechanisms are addressed. Strange
looking unique discharge patterns in the system are captured in real time through fast
photography and presented under various excitation frequencies. Possible theory behind
observed unique discharge behaviour and effectiveness of the device are probed.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 4
PLE–03
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation: from fundamentals to applications
Rosana F. Antônio 1,*, Cesar A. Antônio 2, Lívia Sottovia 3,
Thais G. Matiello 2, Elidiane C. Rangel 3, Nilson C Cruz 2*
1 Technological Plasmas, Institute of Science and Tecnology, Paulista State University, Sorocaba,
Brazil.
* Corresponding Author Email: nilson.cruz@unesp.br
Abstract
A multitude of process can occur when a voltage is applied between two metallic
electrodes immersed in an electrolytic solution. Under lower voltages, oxygen-containing
negative ions are attracted by the positive voltage producing an oxide layer on the anode.
When the voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of such layer, tiny electric sparks, or
micro-arcs, can be observed moving randomly over the surface of the anode. The energy
delivered by the micro-arcs promotes several processes, including local melting and
evaporation of the coating and the metal, which may result in chemical, structural and
morphological modifications of the substrate without affecting its bulk properties. In this
work, some fundamentals and results obtained with this technique, known as Plasma
Electrolytic Oxidation, Micro-Arc Oxidation or Spark Anodization are presented and
discussed. It has been investigated the influence of treatments performed on titanium,
tantalum, magnesium, aluminum, and carbon steel on physical, chemical and biological
properties of the modified surfaces.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 5
PLE–04
Plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds for nerve regeneration
Rouba Ghobeira 1, Nathalie De Geyter 1, Rino Morent 1,*
1 Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics,
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 – B4, B-
9000 Ghent (Belgium)
* Corresponding Author Email: rino.morent@ugent.be
Abstract
An alerting high incidence of peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) reaching over one
million cases worldwide is still lingering over the centuries. This is due to the fact that
peripheral nerves are not protected like the brain and the spinal cord by a bone tissue and
a nerve-blood barrier, making them susceptible to physical, chemical, thermal and/or
ischemic damages at any anatomic site. Luckily, unlike the central nervous system having
a very limited to no ability of regeneration, the peripheral nervous system is marked by its
regenerative machinery initiating nerve repair up to a certain extent. However, the complex
pathophysiology involved in PNI makes the spontaneous regeneration not always
successful. Therefore, interventions to achieve an effective repair are in most cases
unavoidable. Direct nerve repair is the most efficient therapeutic approach but is limited
to extremely short nerve gaps where a tensionless suturing can still be performed. In the
frequent cases involving bigger nerve gaps, the interposition of a supportive structure is
necessary to span the injured site. The use of autologous nerve graft is currently
considered the gold standard and has stayed so all along the previous 50 years. However,
the autograft is associated with some weighty drawbacks such as donor site morbidity,
use of sensory-only nerve, size and fascicular pattern mismatching, extra surgical step,
possible neuroma formation and a success rate of only 50%. In the last few decades, the
advancements in the multidisciplinary tissue engineering (TE) field have led to the
development of nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) as alternative. Just as most scaffolds used
in different TE applications, NGCs typically consist of a physical scaffolding made up of
natural or synthetic polymeric material possibly amalgamated with biomolecular
components and/or support cells. Nerve gaps of maximum 4.0 cm in humans and 1.5 cm
in rats have been successfully bridged. However, nerve regeneration becomes very limited
or completely absent in bigger gaps and functional repair remains deficient across all gap
sizes. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to tackle large nerve gaps by designing a
novel NGC possessing the ideal topographical, mechanical, chemical and cellular cues
triggering a robust regenerative capacity. From a topographical point of view, one elemental
factor that can guarantee the implant success is the mimicry of the fibrillary architecture
of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is known to govern most of the cellular activities in
the body. Electrospinning is by far the most widely used due to its simplicity, versatility
and affordability. From a biochemical point of view, adding free neurotrophic factors to
NGCs is not enough to support cellular activities. A critical limitation of most NGCs is their
deprivation of immobilized proteins because of their hydrophobic base material surface
lacking protein-binding functional groups. In fact, topographical and biochemical cues are
concurrently recognized by cells at the cell-scaffold interface that plays a primordial role
in the initiation of vital cellular processes such as adhesion and proliferation. However,
given the narrow dimensions of the porous conduits, reaching and modifying the inner
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 6
wall surface without altering the nanofibers delicate structure remain challenging tasks.
To solve this issue, this work focuses on the application of non-thermal plasmas as a route
to bio-activate NGC surface. Plasma treatments are nowadays gaining a great interest in
TE over other traditional surface modification techniques. It is a solvent-free method that
can be highly controlled to incorporate specific functional groups (plasma activation) or
deposit thin polymer coatings (plasma polymerization) on biomaterials thus creating
adequate surfaces for subsequent protein immobilization. Moreover, it is a gas-based
technique that can reach and treat the overall surface of complex and porous scaffolds,
hence NGCs. Relatively simple dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and plasma jet (PJ)
reactors are used in this work to plasma-treat the more complex 3D NGCs in a gradient
way. Overall, it can be concluded that the joint use of the electrospinning technique and
the non-thermal plasma technology in the engineering of NGCs has a great potential in
enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. Particularly, plasma-induced chemistry gradient
along the inner NGC wall offers high promises in bridging critical nerve defects and
ensuring a complete functional recovery. A future translation from in vitro to in vivo will
hopefully constitute a big step towards the clinical use of plasma-treated NGCs.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21
Invited Talks
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 7
INV-01
In situ infrared absorption analysis of silicon nanoparticles
generated by means of atmospheric plasma jets
Jan Benedikt 1, Maren Dworschak 1, Jessica Ruhnke 1, Sadegh Askari 1
1 Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Kiel University, Germany
* Corresponding Author Email: benedikt@physik.uni-kiel.de
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasmas are source of high reactivity. They can be effectively used
for dissociation of precursor gases, where the reactive species can be applied for surface
treatment or in generation of nanoparticles and nanostructured thin films. In this
contribution we report on several rf-driven capacitively coupled atmospheric plasma jets
with dielectric on the electrodes, which can be operated at large applied powers and
elevated gas temperature. The differences between these jets are in the inner diameter of
the plasma channel, electrode geometry (parallel electrode or HelixJet [1] electrode
version), or in the way of the gas injection. Gas mixture of noble gases with silane is used
to generate silicon nanoparticles with size control from ultra-small (< 4 nm) up to range of
several tens of nanometers. The particle size is determined by scanning mobility particle
sizer (SMPS) and by scanning electron microscopy measurements. Different reactive gas
admixtures (H2, CH4) are used to modify the surface passivation of the generated
nanoparticles. The changes of particle passivation and the silane consumption are
monitored by in situ Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR). The
measurements of the nanoparticles are performed in the reflection mode on the metal-
coated silicon wafer that is biased with several kV voltage to enhanced the nanoparticle
deposition yield. Additionally, the measurements of collected particles performed at
different times after the deposition are used to monitor the rate of particle post-oxidation
as function of changes induced by reactive gas admixture. Finally, a fly-through annealing
step with annealing temperatures up to 1100°C has been integrated between the plasma
jets and SMPS or FTIR diagnostics and first results will be reported here.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 8
INV-02
Plasma Deposition of Advanced Thin Films and Nanostructured
Materials
A. Bendavid 1 *,
1 CSIRO Manufacturing, PO Box 218 Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia
* Corresponding Author Email: A.bendavid@csiro.au
Abstract
It has long been recognized that surface engineering can augment drastically the
performance of a material. We at CSIRO have been developing plasma-based thin film
deposition processes over the past three decades. CSIRO employs a range of PVD and CVD
facilities for the synthesis of advanced thin film materials. Our focus is on the application
of thin films and nanostructures science for industrial applications and highly advanced
instrumentation. The latter includes super-high precision coatings on the optics used in
the detection of gravitational radiation in the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave
Observatory (LIGO) experiment. Through changing the functionality of surfaces, we can
enhance optical, biological, chemical, structural, and electrical properties and create
sensors used in gas, SERS active substrates, hybrid electrodes for energy storage and
optical devices. In this paper, our various capabilities with examples of applications are
presented.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 9
INV-03
Diagnostics of Production of Cobalt by Hydrogen Plasma
Technology
Kali Charan Sabat 1 *,
1 Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of
Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
* Corresponding Author Email: kcsabat@gmail.com, drkcsabat@manit.ac.in
Abstract
Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) is an inexpensive, non-intrusive, and most
importantly, it can be easily incorporated to the optical window into the reduction reactor,
without disturbing the course of reduction. This paper reports the optical emission spectra
recorded reduction of cobalt oxide by HP. The predominant lines were observed at around
589.5 nm. These lines lie very close to each other, separated by 0.6 nm. The lines lie so
close that they form a thick line (589.5 line) in the spectra from the spectrometer. The
intensity of the 589.5 line changed during the courses of reduction. The time evolution of
this line followed the trend of the temperature of the HP-cobalt oxide interface. The OES
spectra were measured at a hydrogen flow rate between 1.167 X 10-6 to 2.5 X 10-6 m3 s-
1 at a particular microwave power of 750 W. The intensity of the 589 nm line follows the
trend of the interface temperature. When the reduction of cobalt oxide completes, the
intensity remains at a lower stable value, thus giving rise to the signature of completion.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 10
INV-04
Capacitively coupled plasma discharges excited by tailored
waveform – a simulation study
Nishant Sirse 1, Sarveshwar Sharma 2, Miles Turner 3
1 Institute of Science & Research, IPS Academy, Indore, MP
2 Institute of Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
3 Dublin City University, Ireland
Abstract
Capacitive coupled plasma (CCP) discharges play a key role in microelectronics
device fabrications; particularly in the processes including plasma enhanced chemical
vapor deposition (PECVD) and plasma etching. The surface processing is such discharges
is dominantly driven by a synergy of plasma chemistry and ion flux/ion bombardment
energy onto the substrate. It is noticed that using a waveform other than sinusoidal
waveform also known as “Tailored waveforms” or by changing the driving frequency one
could significantly modify the discharge properties that are beneficial for above
applications. This is due to a change in the electron heating mechanism causing electric
field nonlinearity and higher harmonics generations in the discharge. In the present work,
using particle-in-cell simulation technique, we investigate the lowpressure capacitive
discharges excited by a saw-tooth like waveform at different driving frequencies. Our
simulation results include plasma and ionization asymmetry, DC self-bias generation,
higher harmonics and electron heating mechanism. The effect of driving frequency on the
bulk parameters including electron energy distribution functions (EEDF) will be discussed.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 11
INV-05
Bimodal fluctuation dynamics in magnetized complex
astroclouds
Pralay Kumar Karmakar* and Dhrubajit Kalita
1 Department of Physics, Tezpur University, Napaam-784028, Tezpur, Assam, India
* Corresponding Author Email: pkk@tezu.ernet.in
Abstract
We analyze the evolutionary dynamics of the Dust Acoustic Wave (DAW) and the
Dust Coulomb Wave (DCW) in self-gravitating magnetized viscoelastic spherical dusty
astroclouds on the astrophysical fluid scales of space and time. It consists of the inertial
dust grains with variable charge alongside the non-thermal electrons and ions in a
generalized correlative hydrodynamic framework. A spherical wave analysis yields a unique
generalized quadratic dispersion relation with plasma-dependent multi-parametric
coefficients. The triggered fluctuations are free from the viscoelasticity effects in the weakly
coupled limit (WCL) against the strongly coupled limit (SCL). The electron concentration,
dust charge, and magnetic field act as stabilizing and accelerating agencies. The ion
density and non-thermality parameter show destabilizing and decelerating effects. The
cloud size shows a unique stabilizing feature in the ultra-low frequency domain. Both the
DAW and DCW are dispersive in the short-wavelength (acoustic) regime and non-dispersive
in the long-wavelength (gravitational) regime. The distinctive WCL-SCL scenarios are
explicitly compared and illustratively discussed. Our semi-analytic results show correlative
consistencies in light of the real astronomic circumstances towards bounded structure
formation.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 12
INV-06
Applications of Energetic Neutrals Extracted from Glow Discharge
Plasmas
M. Perumal 1, Suraj Kumar Sinha 1 *
1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
* Corresponding Author Email: sinhasuraj.phy@pondiuni.edu.in
Abstract
In the present work, a model is presented that can estimate nitrogen molecular ion
and neutral velocity distributions for a negatively biased electrode. In typical nitrogen glow
discharge plasma conditions, a large number of energetic N2 (neutrals) are generated inside
ion-sheath by charge-exchange (CX) collisions in a dc glow discharge plasma. In this work,
we present the mechanism of generation and the extraction process of energetic N2, which
requires specific kinetic energy to proceed and activate different surface modifications. The
velocity distribution of energetic N2 is controlled by operating parameters. The sheath
thickness to the collision mean free path is an important parameter in determining the ion
and neutral velocity distribution. This model can also be used for plasma etching, plasma
immersion ion implantation, plasma nitriding, etc. It could be more advantageous and
effective than all plasma-based processing methods by providing greater energy efficiency.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 13
INV-07
Controlled Release of drugs from hydrogels by Cold −
atmospheric Plasma mediated Surface Engineering, with special
use of cross linkers
Smruti Prava Das 1 *,
1 Department of Chemistry, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack-753003, Odisha, India
* Corresponding Author Email: dassmrutiprava@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Hydrogels as a biomaterials have grown widely in recent years as it is resembles
with the living tissue. They can be used as the candidates for drug delivery, tissue
engineering and other biomedical applications. This work comprises of two methods of
drug delivery kinetics introducing variation of pH sensitive hydrogels, drugs and
crosslinkers. In the 1st method atmospheric DBD plasma assisted surface engineering on
fabricated PVA/CMC hydrogel cross linked by TEOS resulted in better bio-responsivity
using Argon, NH3 and a mixture of both gases. Plasma treatment enhanced surface
wettability as well as free energy which is assured by CA and SFE studies. Topographical
changes at the nano level are confirmed from AFM analysis without any adverse effect on
the bulk physical structure. The coupled effects of reactive Ar and NH3 plasmas impinging
on the PCMC shown the high degree of roughness. These hydrogels exhibited pH
responsive swelling with a maximum swelling in neutral medium. IBF release from
hydrogels in SGF & SIF environment verified their potential towards oral drug delivery to
the colon. Diffusion controlled drug released kinetics is predominately established
supporting advantage of plasma mediated interaction on hydrogels. Post plasma treated
hydrogels shown their superior efficiency in bio medical applications.
In 2nd process hydrogels comprising of PVA and SA synthesised for CAP treatment
and used for fabricating an oral controlled drug deliverysystem for the potential anticancer
drug 5FU. Surface hydrophobiciy of fabricated hydrogel was enhanced by coating with
HMDSO plasma using three different carrier gases i,e argon, helium and nitrogen. The
HG@ Ar/HMDSO characterised displaying highest hydrophobicity (CA=1200) indicating
effectual deposition of silicone-like groups on hydrogel surfaces post-HMDSO plasma
coating.
Enhancement of mechanical strength and smart swelling features were also
observed in post plasma treatment. The pH dependence on drug release mechanism
established the probability of hydrogel for colon targeted drug delivery. The release profile
in SGF & SIF confirmed the oral delivery of 5FU to the lower part of gut targeting the colon
for anti cancer therapy.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 14
INV-08
Optimizing Surfaces Performance for Technological Applications:
Deposition of Si-Based Films in Hexamethyldisiloxane Plasmas
Elidiane Cipriano Rangel 1 *,
1 Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba (ICTS), São Paulo State University (UNESP),
Brazil.
* Corresponding Author Email: elidiane.rangel@unesp.br
Abstract
Studies conducted on plasmas established from the organosilicon compound
hexamethyldisiloxane, HMDSO, diluted in noble (Ar) and reactive (O2) gases are discussed
here. The high vapor pressure of this compound makes its application in plasma processes
simple as well as cost effective. Besides, it also allows obtaining different Si-containing
structures (silicon oxide, organosilicon, silicon oxycarbide, etc.) that are the basis for the
construction of a series of technological devices. Therefore, in order to demonstrate the
versatility of this combination of deposition methodology and precursor compound, some
experimental results are presented. In the first of them, the polyamide 6, PA-6, a material
widely used in the packaging and automotive industries, and which presents structural
swelling problems by water absorption, was coated in plasmas of mixtures of HMDSO, O2
and Ar. The analysis of the chemical structure of the resulting films revealed an
organosilicon material, with crosslinking degree dependent on the proportion of O2 in the
plasma atmosphere. The receptivity of the coated PA-6 towards water was substantially
reduced, a fact of relevance in the performance of practical devices made from this
material. In the metallic surfaces corrosion’s field, studies have been carried out to
increase the life span of devices made from these materials. For this purpose, thin films
were deposited in low pressure plasmas composed of HMDSO, Ar and O2. In order to
partially oxidize the structure of the as-deposited films, characterized as organosilicons,
and then to form a SiOxCyHz / SiOx bilayer, they were subjected to oxygen plasmas. The
effect of the (O2) plasma power on the oxidation of the film structure and on the formation
of SiOxCyHz / SiOx bilayers was evaluated. Different bilayers were formed, depending on
the plasma excitation power, but all the coatings, individual (SiOx and SiOxCyHz) or
intercalated (SiOxCyHz / SiO), increased the corrosion resistance of carbon steel. However,
the improvement was more significant when the oxidative plasma generated a bilayer with
non-porous SiOx film, which protects the organosilicon just below it from complete
oxidation. Another methodology for deposition of corrosion protective films was also
evaluated. In this case, gradual SiOxCyHz-SiOx films, without interfaces, were produced
on the surface of carbon steel, in plasmas of HMDSO, O2 and Ar mixtures. The deposition
was initiated with the condition that resulted in SiOx film and was changed, without
interrupting the plasma, for the one that promoted the deposition of organosilicon films.
The effect of the number of interleaved layers (2 to 4) and of the final layer thickness on
the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the systems prepared on carbon
steel was evaluated. The elevation in the number of interleaving has been shown to provide
greater augmentation in the corrosion resistance (of up to 6 orders of magnitude) than the
increment in the layer thickness, attributing to carbon steel a better corrosion performance
than the presented by Ti. Furthermore, the mechanical performance of the gradual films
was intermediate between those observed for the organosilicon and the silica. In the
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 15
dentistry area, superhydrophobic or antibiotic doped films were deposited on dental
prothesis (Ti). It was evaluated the adhesion and proliferation of biofilms on the surface of
the coated implants. The cytotoxicity and the corrosion resistance of the coated Ti were
also evaluated. Film deposition has not induced any toxic effect towards osteoblastic cells,
increased the corrosion resistance of Ti and significantly decreased biofilm formation, a
combination of results which impacts success chances of the dental treatment. Using a
deposition methodology that combines sputtering and PECVD, silicon-based films doped
with TiO2 or CeO2 were deposited from mixtures of HMDSO, O2 and Ar. The analysis of
the chemical structure and elemental composition revealed the incorporation of Ti or Ce
in the Si-based films, characterized as silicon oxycarbides. In addition to structural
changes, it was observed that the films doped with metal oxides became photocatalytic
with incidence of ultraviolet radiation, degrading 100% of a methylene blue dye solution
in 90 min. All the obtained results are discussed in terms of the effect of the plasma
parameters on the deposition kinetics of the films. Optimizing Surfaces Performance for
Technological Applications: Deposition of Si-Based Films in Hexamethyldisiloxane Plasmas
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 16
INV-9
Mechanism of Ampicillin Degradation by Nonthermal Plasma
Treatment with FE-DBD
Hai-Feng (Frank) JI 1,*
1 Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Disque 507
Philadelphia, PA 1910, USA.
* Corresponding Author Email: hj56@drexel.edu
Abstract
This research focused on determining the effectiveness of nonthermal atmospheric
pressure plasma as an alternative to advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for antibiotic
removal in solution. For this study, 20 mM (6.988 g/L) solutions of ampicillin were treated
with a floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma for varying treatment
times. The treated solutions were analyzed primarily using mass spectrometry (MS) and
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The preliminary product formed was
Ampicillin Sulfoxide (AMP S-Oxide), however, many more species are formed as plasma
treatment time is increased. Ampicillin was completely eliminated after 5 minutes of air-
plasma treatment. The primary mechanism of ampicillin degradation by plasma treatment
is investigated in this study.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 17
INV-10
Interactions of plasmas with droplets and virus aerosols
Gaurav Nayak 1 *, Peter J. Bruggeman 1 *
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
* Corresponding Author Email: pbruggem@umn.edu
Abstract
Plasmas in or in contact with water have been extensively investigated in the context
of plasma-aided decomposition of recalcitrant organic pollutants in water for
environmental remediation. However, plasma treatment of bulk liquid is not always energy
efficient. The rate limiting step is mostly due to the transport limitations of short-lived
reactive species into the liquid bulk and secondary unwanted reactions. The use of
microdroplets and aerosols enhances the efficiency of plasma treatment of organics in
water. This is due to the increased reactive species fluxes into the liquid further enhanced
by the larger surface to volume ratio of the solution.
We explored the relative importance of short-lived plasma-produced radicals, such
as O· and H· atoms, singlet oxygen, solvated electrons and ions, besides ·OH radicals,
responsible for the decomposition of formate, a model organic compound in water
treatment studies, dissolved in droplets. Enhanced formate decomposition was observed
with increasing droplet residence time in electronegative plasmas (He/O2, He/H2O and
He/Ar/H2O) with a 70% reduction in the formate concentration within ∼15 ms, while
remarkably an inverse trend was observed in the electropositive plasmas (He, He/H2 and
He/Ar), with >75% decomposition within ∼5 ms. A one-dimensional reaction-diffusion
model was able to reproduce the experimentally obtained formate decomposition by ·OH
transport using measured gas-phase ·OH densities in He/H2O plasma as input for the
model. We showed that the formate oxidation was ·OH flux limited at lower gas phase OH
concentrations, while diffusion limited at higher H2O concentrations in the plasma. Similar
oxidation effects were observed in He/O2 plasma, ascertaining the role of O· radical in the
formate oxidation. We also showed for electropositive plasmas that solvated electrons
and/or ions injected into the droplet were dominantly responsible for plasma-induced
chemistry in the droplet. Results suggested that the charged species lead to the formation
of H· or ·OH radicals near the droplet interface via secondary reactions, enabling further
decomposition of formate in the droplets.
Motivated by such rapid oxidation of formate in droplets, we investigated the
successful inactivation of aerosolized porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
(PRRS) virus in air streams using a volume dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) embedded in
a laboratory-scale test tunnel. Using infectivity tests and reverse transcriptase quantitative
polymerase chain reaction, we showed a 3.5 log10 reduction in the viable virus titer during
in-flight treatment by the DBD under all operating conditions within a few milliseconds,
timescales relevant for typical HVAC conditions. We identified both short-lived species
such as ·OH radicals and singlet oxygen and peroxynitrous acid chemistry at low pH in
the virus-laden droplets responsible for the observed inactivation of virus aerosols by
plasma.
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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This material is based upon work supported by the University of Minnesota, the
National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY 1903151 and the Army Research Office
under Grant No. W911NF-20-1-0105.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-11
Non-thermal plasma induced immunomodulation and its role in
treatment of HIV-1 infection
Vandana Miller 1, Hager Mohamed 2, Katharina Stapelmann 2, Fred C. Krebs 1
1 Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Institute for Molecular Medicine & Infectious
Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
2 Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
* Corresponding Author Email: vmiller@coe.drexel.edu
Abstract
Effective control of HIV-1 infection can be achieved through the application of life-
long antiretroviral therapy. (ART), which prevents disease progression by inhibiting viral
replication. When ART is discontinued, however, patients progress to AIDS due to
reactivation of HIV-1 infection from viral reservoirs throughout the body. HIV-1 infection
persists in these individuals due to various dysfunctions of the immune system. To
overcome these immune dysfunctions, we propose an immunotherapy based on non-
thermal plasma (NTP). NTP, which is an emerging technology with immunomodulatory
effects, is being used worldwide for the treatment of other diseases and conditions. The
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generated by NTP induce oxidative stress in
cells and push them toward immunogenic cell death (ICD), characterized by release or
display of various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are known to
enhance local and systemic immune responses. In studies relevant to HIV-1 infection, we
investigated the roles played by T cells and monocytes in shaping the extracellular RONS
concentrations associated with NTP exposure. We also demonstrated that NTP exposure of
T cells that carry the latent HIV-1 genome resulted in increases in ICD markers
calreticulin, HSP70, and HSP90, as well as increases in key molecules involved in antigen
presentation. NTP-exposed T cells were also efficiently phagocytosed by THP-1
macrophages in co-culture. A vision for clinical translation of this approach will be
discussed.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 20
INV-12
Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on fabric
weave construction and properties
Rajendra R. Deshmukh 1 and Shital S. Palaskar 2
1 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
2 Bombay Textile Research Association, L. B. S. Marg Ghatkopar (W), Mumbai 400086, India
* Corresponding Author Email: rr.deshmukh@ictmumbai.edu.in
Abstract
Atmospheric pressure plasma treatment modifies the surface of textile materials at
nano level. The effectiveness of plasma surface modification is closely associated with
fabric weave construction, surface structure and type of fabric. Adhesion properties of
three different polypropylene (PP) fabrics with a polyurethane (PU) coating have been
investigated with respect to different plasma treatment time and power. Peel off strength
was measured as the force required to separate coating layer from fabric. Statistical
analysis of the peel off strength was performed by ANOVA. A substantial increase in
adhesion of PU on plasma-treated samples was observed. It is shown that the plasma
treatment parameters as well as the textile structure play an important role in adhesion
improvement. Further, it is observed that the effectiveness of the plasma treatment is
closely linked to the structure of the textile fabrics.
Similarly, three different mulberry silk fabrics were modified with low temperature
atmospheric pressure plasma using helium and oxygen gases. Dyeing properties of plasma
treated silk fabrics were investigated. The dye adsorption capacity of plasma treated silk
samples was improved by 6-17% as compared to untreated samples in all the 3 varieties
of silk. It was found that the degree of plasma surface modification and dyeing properties
of silk fabric are closely linked to weave and GSM of fabric.
Various characterization techniques such as contact angle, X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy etc were used to
understand the change in surface hydrophilicity, surface chemistry, surface morphology
of fabrics respectively. It is found that atmospheric pressure plasma treatment enhances
the surface properties without affecting the bulk properties.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 21
INV-13
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet and Its Biomedical Application
Deepak Prasad Subedi 1, Hom Bahadur Baniya 1, 2, Rajendra Shrestha 3,
Rajesh Prakash Guragain 1
1 Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Kathmandu University, Kavre, Nepal. 2 Department of Physics, Trichandra College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
3 Department of Science and Humanities, Nepal Banepa Polytechnic Institute, Nepal.
* Corresponding Author Email: deepaksubedi2001@yahoo.com
Abstract
In recent years, the atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) has been extensively
studied for their potential biological and medical applications. APPJs have been
established as suitable sources of low-temperature and non-equilibrium plasmas. This
paper reports the diagnostics of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet and its biomedical
application. The discharge was generated by a high voltage power supply (0-20 KV) at an
operating frequency of 10-30 kHz. The plasma was characterized by optical emission
spectroscopy and electrical measurements using voltage and current probes. Electron
temperature (Te) and electron density (ne) were calculated from the emission spectra. The
effect of the discharge on the hydrophilicity of PET, a widely used biomedical material, was
also investigated. The plasma treated polymer sample was characterized by contact angle
measurement and FTIR analysis. Our results showed that (APPJ) can be effectively used
to enhance the hydrophlicity of the PET films and thus promote their biomedical
suitability. Water contact angle on PET reduced from 77° for control sample to 25° after
60s of plasma jet exposure. FTIR analysis of the plasma-treated PET films showed that
plasma treatment introduces hydrophilic functional groups on the polymer surface. The
main objective of this research was to investigate the antimicrobial property of the plasma
jet. The inactivation of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells was found to increase with
the treatment time in plasma. The viability of isolated neutrophils was found to be
decreasing with the increase in exposure time of APPJ.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 22
INV-14
Catallytic Non-Thermal Plasma: An Advanced Oxidation Process
for Air and Waste Water Treatment
C. Subrahmanyam
Department of Chemistry, IIT Hyderabad
* Corresponding Author Email: : csubbu@iith.ac.in
Abstract
Plasma, the fourth state of the matter only after solid, liquid and gas is a partially or fully ionized gas consisting of various particles, such as electrons, ions, atoms, and
molecules. For the quantitative description of plasma, the term of temperature is usually used. Thermal plasma is a state, where almost all its components are at thermal equilibrium. In nonthermal plasmas (NTPs), temperature (i.e. kinetic energy) is not in thermal equilibrium, and differs substantially between the electrons and the other particles (ions, atoms, and molecules). In this sense an NTP is also referred to as a ‘‘nonequilibrium plasma’’ or a ‘‘cold plasma’’. Because of the small mass of electrons, they can be easily accelerated under the influence of an electric field. The temperature of electrons typically ranges from 10 000 K to 250 000 K (1–20 eV). These highly energetic electrons produce free radicals from parent molecules in multi-step physical and chemical processes.
Among the AOPs, application of electric discharge plasma is of particular interest to the scientific community, as it can generate a wide spectrum of multiple reactive species, intense electric fields, UV radiation and shock waves. Electrical phenomena occurring in ionized gases involve physicochemico-biologically reactive ions, radicals, and molecular species. Because of this, NTP has potential applications in every area of science and technology. Due to the fast response, it has typical applications like removal of high dilute air pollutants like volatile organic pollutants, NOx and soot in diesel exhaust and also applied for the sterilization of air and water. NTP based indoor air cleaners have been and proved to be effective for the removal of noxious gases, even under highly dilute conditions. This technique can be practiced on a large scale through a proper design of the plasma reactors and in order to improve the efficiency of the processes, combination catalysts/absorbents is necessary. Addition of a suitable catalyst improves the performance of the technique by synergy due to plasma excitation and catalytic action.
This presentation will focus on the following:
➢ The development of plasma reactors capable of operating in air and water in an efficient way, and to obtain the fundamental understanding on the parameters that influence the efficiency of electrical discharges in air/aqueous environment
➢ to investigate the interaction between plasma and catalysts in aqueous environment, and to arrive at a fundamental understanding of the catalyst activity in the presence of discharge
➢ on the basis of the experimental investigations carried out, to optimise the discharge conditions and the catalysts preparation procedures in order to obtain a synergetic effect between the plasma and the catalysis
➢ to evaluate the efficiency of the investigated method of pollution abatement of model pollutants and extend the approach for antibacterial studies
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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References
1. Roland, U.; Holzer, F.; Kopinke, F.D.; Appl. Catal.B: Environ. 2005, 58, 217. 2. Roland, U.; Holzer, F.; Kopinke, F.D.; Appl. Catal.B: Environ. 2005, 58, 227. 3. Kraus, M.; Eliasson, B.; Kogelschatz, U.; Wokaun, A.; Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2001, 81, 294. 4. Subrahmanyam, Ch.; Magureanu, M.; Renken A.; Kiwi-Minsker, L.; Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 2006, 65, 150. 5. Subrahmanyam, Ch.; Renken A.; Kiwi-Minsker, L.; Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 2006, 65, 157.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-15
FTIR investigations of hydrogenated amorphous carbon
deposited using Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Ioana Cristina Gerber 1, Ilarion Mihaila 2, Valentin Pohoata 1, Ionut Topala 1
1 Faculty of Physics, Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Alexandru Ioan Cuza
University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I No. 11, Iasi, 700506, Romania
2 Integrated Center of Environmental Science Studies in the North-Eastern Development Region
(CERNESIM), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I No. 11, Iasi, 700506, Romania
* Corresponding Author Email: itopala@gmail.com
Abstract
Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) is a new method [1,2] for low temperature
deposition of hydrogenated amorphous carbon as analogues for dust in diffuse interstellar
medium (DISM). Compared to the materials deposited using other methods (e.g.
condensation, physical vapour deposition, plasma deposition, combustion and pyrolysis,
pulsed laser deposition), the physical and chemical properties, as well the microscopic
aspects of DBD analogues are different, making them suitable for laboratory astrophysics
studies.
In this paper we discuss the infrared absorption features of the a-C:H products, in
context of spectral features of selected objects in interstellar medium. Calculation of mass
absorption coefficient and deconvolution of 3.4 um band and 6.2 um band, together with
the use of appropriate literature values for CH3, CH2 and C=C groups absorption strength,
allows to subtract relevant quantities such as CH2/CH3 ratio, H/C ratio or sp2/sp3 ratio.
Then a comparison of the DBD carbon dust analogue with other products, as well the
carbonaceous materials in diffuse interstellar medium is possible, using spectra
comparison and ternary diagrams.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 25
INV-16
Plasma-assisted deposition of bifunctional coatings on
titanium implants
Monica Thukkaram 1, Renee Coryn 1, Mahtab Asadian 1, Parinaz Saadat Esbah
Tabae 1, Petra Rigole 2, Naveenkumar Rajendhran 3, Anton Nikiforov 1, Jacob
Sukumaran 3, Tom Coenye 2, Pascal Van Der Voort 4, Gijs Du Laing 5, Rino Morent 1,
Alexander Van Tongel 6, Lieven De Wilde 6, Patrick De Baets 3, Kim Verbeken 7,
Nathalie De Geyter 1
1 Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering
and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium
2 Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent
University, Belgium
3 Soete Laboratory, Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Construction and
Systems (EEMMeCS), Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium
4 Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
5 Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent
University, Belgium
6 Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of
Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
7 Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and
Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium
* Corresponding Author Email: Nathalie.DeGeyter@ugent.be
Abstract
It is well known that the success of orthopedic titanium implants strongly depends
on (1) successful integration of the implant into bone and (2) the prevention of microbial
infections at the implant location. Within this context, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO)
was performed in this work to deposit TiO2 coatings enriched with Ca, P and Ag on medical
grade titanium to improve its surface properties and its antibacterial efficacy while
maintaining normal biological functions and thus to enhance the performance of
orthopedic titanium implants. After PEO treatment, the Ti surface was converted to
anatase and rutile TiO2, hydroxyapatite and calcium titanate phases. In addition, the
presence of these crystalline phases was even further increased with an increased amount
of silver in the coatings. The generated PEO coatings also exhibited a more porous
morphology with an enhanced surface wettability, roughness, and microhardness. In vitro
antibacterial assays indicated that the Ag-incorporated coatings greatly inhibited the
growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by releasing Ag+ ions. Moreover, the
antibacterial efficacy was improved by increasing the Ag content in the coatings resulting
in a maximal 6-log reduction of E. coli and a maximal 5-log reduction of S. aureus after 24
hours of incubation. Moreover, the in vitro cytocompatibility evaluation of the coatings
demonstrated that the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast (MC3T3) cells on the PEO-
based coatings were significantly enhanced compared to untreated Ti and that no
significant impact on their cytocompatibility was observed when increasing the amount of
Ag in the coating. In conclusion, the developed coatings with favorable physico-chemical
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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and mechanical properties along with controlled silver ion release can offer an excellent
antibacterial performance and osteocompatibility and can thus become a prospective
coating strategy to face current challenges in orthopedic implant strategies.
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INV-17
Investigation on post field emission transformation of directly
grown GNWs on metallic wires
Rajib Kar 1, Shreya G Sarkar 2,3, Love Mishra 2, Rashmi Tripathi 4, R.O. Dusane 4,
D.S. Patil 4, Namita Maiti 1,3
1 Laser & Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085
2 Accelerator & Pulse Power Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085
3 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai-400094
4 Department of Metallurgical Engg. & Materials Science, IIT Bombay, Mumbai-400076
Abstract
Development of miniature X-ray is of paramount importance in medical science.
Carbon nanomaterials seem to be ideal candidate for that purpose. Not only carbon
nanotubes (CNTs) but graphene nanowalls (GNWs) can also be the desired nanostructure.
In this work, (GNWs) have been deposited by microwave plasma CVD (MPECVD) on
different metallic substrates like Fe, Inconel and Kovar. Their topographical information
have first been obtained though electron microscopy and subsequently GNWs underwent
field emission. During the process two different I-V characteristics have been observed.
Further investigations revealed that GNWs underwent a drastic structural transformation
during field emission causing a drastic change in their I-V characteristics. The study will
highlight the deposition mechanism, their field emission characteristics and will shed light
on the possible cause of their post field emission transformation.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-18
Possible application of plasmas as tunable metamaterials
Rajneesh Kumar 1 *,
1 Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.
* Corresponding Author Email: rajneeshipr@gmail.com
Abstract
An increasing amount of research work has been recently focusing on negative
refractive index mediums or Metamaterials (MMs). In reported experimental
demonstrations, most of researchers used a mesh of conducting wires, so called, artificial
plasma to get the negative electrical permittivity (-) for microwave to near IR range and
spit-ring resonators for negative permeability (-µ). The composite effect of both allows
negative refraction. In spit of long research history, there are some problems and
challenges in the matamaterials are still not resolved such as problems in fabrication,
composite metamaterials can be fabricated for particular frequency or narrow frequency
region so there is no controllability in fabricated matamaterials, and there is no way to
switch right handed mediums to left handed mediums and vice-versa. Above mentioned
problems can be solved by using plasma as a medium for electromagnetic wave. Hence, in
this communication, possibility to make tunable metamaterial using plasma is described.
In the first approach, artificial plasma is replaced by real plasma and composite effect of
real plasma and ring-oscillators is studied for different frequencies of microwave. In the
second approach, instead of ring resonators, ferromagnetic grains in plasma medium
should show negative refraction at particular frequency, consequently, in third approach
electron spin of plasma can be controlled by external magnetic field and magnetic
permeability can be become negative. In such a way plasmas become metamaterials for
broad range of frequencies. An experimental realization of mentioned approaches is a
difficult tasks hence an numerical analysis for such experimental will be provided. In stead
of composite MMs, plasma can be used in photonic crystals as well to get negative
refractions. Hence, a photonic crystal of copper rods of diameter 2 mm and lattice constant
of 10 mm for x-bend microwave is fabricated and experiments are carried out to measure
the flat and forbidden bends for 18 GHz. Positive and negative refraction are studied by
creating defaults or removing copper rods from photonic crystal. To improve the
controllability of photonic crystal, a central copper rod is replaced by plasma column, is
formed by Micro-hollow cathode discharge (MHCD) at atmospheric pressure. It is also
studied that plasma column is formed in between transmitter and photonic crystal, flat
and forbidden bends are interchanged at a particular angel. Therefore, switching ON and
OFF the plasma column, microwave propagation in photonic crystal can be controlled.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-19
Elimination of Candida Albicans Bacteria by Cold Plasma Systems
Necdet Aslan 1 *,
Yeditepe University, Physics Department, Istanbul Turkey
National Metrology Institute-Plasma Division, Istanbul Turkey
* Corresponding Author Email: naslan@yeditepe.edu.tr
Abstract
Candida albicans (CA) is a pathogenic yeast that is a common member of the
human gut flora. They are found in the gastrointestinal tract, the mouth, and the male
and female genitals are part of our natural microorganisms that commonly live in or on
our bodies. Although mostly it causes no problems, sometimes it’s possible for overgrowths
which lead to infections. This is mainly due to CA’s resistance to antifungal drugs and skin
creams which may have side effects as well. In vivo and vitro studies show that the UV
light and cold plasma applications can efficiently eliminate these patogenic bacteria. Cold
plasma systems can be produced in atmospheric pressures by employing a high voltage
power supply, different gas injection systems and carefully designed electrode structure.
In this study, two different plasma systems are used to activate CA infected acrylic disks
that are used in dentistry. Pınitially, pre-cleaned acrylic discs were transferred into the CA
solutions which were adjusted to 108cfu/ml and incubated at 37oC for 24h. Then they are
treated by two different cold plasma facilities, namely dielectric barrier discharge and
plasma jet system. It was shown that both plasma treatments display excellent inactivation
effects on CA biofilms on the acrylic discs.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
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INV-20
Plasma-based conversion of molecular precursors for low-
temperature, sustainable synthesis of chemicals and materials
R. Mohan Sankaran 1, *
1 Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-
Champaign
* Corresponding Author Email: rmohan@illinois.edu
Abstract
Non-thermal, atmospheric-pressure plasmas offer a unique reactive environment
for the synthesis of chemicals and materials. Electrical energy is coupled to a gas leading
to the formation of highly energetic species including electrons, ions, and reactive radicals,
without heating the gas. Reactions may be carried out near ambient conditions, compatible
with soft (i.e., polymeric) materials or simple liquids (i.e., water). Since the chemistry is
driven by electrons or ions, impurities are limited and no solid catalyst is required. The
reactions are kinetically controlled and chemicals and materials can be synthesized
without being constrained by thermodynamic equilibrium. In this talk, I will present two
recent efforts from my group to develop non-thermal, atmosphericpressure plasma-based
systems for the synthesis of technologically-important chemicals and materials. First, we
have devised an electrolytic cell with one of the metal electrodes replaced by a microplasma
jet formed at the surface of a liquid. Solvated electrons, one of the strongest reducing
agents, are produced at the plasma-liquid interface, which can be used to reduce nitrogen
and produce ammonia at much lower pressures and temperatures and remotely at small
scales as compared to the well-known Haber-Bosch process.1,2 Second, we have used a
dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) to treat thin films of liquid precursors in a process we
term “plasma-enhanced chemical film conversion” or PECFC.3,4 In contrast to vapor
deposition techniques, thin films are synthesized by converting the precursor film which
overcomes the adsorption barrier and substrate interactions and reduces materials
wastage.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 30
INV-21
Anode fireball for making super-hydrophobic nanodot surfaces
Mukesh Ranjan 1, Siddhart Phukan 1, Vivek Pachichigar 1
1 PSED, Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India,
* Corresponding Author Email: ranjanm@ipr.res.in
Abstract
Electron sheath and fireball has been the topic of recent investigations. Electron sheath occurs when the current drawn by the electrode or wall is larger than that which can be provided by the random electron motion. When the sheath potential reaches the necessary potential for excitation of neutral atoms (few eV below ionization potential for Argon), the sheath glows. If this sheath potential reaches above the ionization potential, the sheath breaks down in its own plasma with plasma potential higher than the ambient potential, hence establishing a double layer. This double layer is visually observed as a glow with a sharp boundary, also known as the fireball. In the current work using permanent magnets cusp arrangement, effective electrode collection area is reduced by restricting the electron movement to obtain the electron sheath and larger fireball. The anode fireball and the bulk plasma are separated by a double layer visible as a sharp boundary of the anode fireball. The electrons from the bulk region are accelerated to ionization potential by the double layer. These accelerated electrons produce the glow and plasma inside the droplet shaped fireball. In the bulk plasma, the electron temperature is found to be 3 to 4 eV and the typical plasma density is in the range of 1x109 cm-3. The plasma density in the fireball is about an order of magnitude higher than that of the bulk plasma.
Rapid developments in metal/semiconductor nanofabrication technologies have seen an exciting and emerging trend towards the development of the periodic nanodot structures for Photonics and Magnetism applications. In the current work, we have demonstrated a highly economical technique using plasma fireball as explained earlier for making nanodot patterning over large area. This device is not only capable for making nanodot pattern over large area, but also capable to make nanoparticles in another mode. The discharge properties of the device and parameters for making nanodot patterns will be presented. Since fireball has an order higher plasma density, the ion flux plays a very crucial role in pattern formation. Higher plasma flux produces smaller nanodots patterns due to redeposition of the eroded material from the surfaces. Nanodots pattern produced on GaSb surface found to have super-hydrophobic behavior with a water contact angle of 150o and highly light absorbing in nature. In this way the produced fireball in our device can be used to produce super-hydrophobic nanodots surfaces for various applications like sensing application and photovoltaic.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 31
INV-22
On Inactivation of Breast Cancer Cell by Atmospheric Pressure
Cold Plasma Jet of Argon with Nitrogen Seeding: Understanding
the Effect of Reactive Species and Excitation Frequency
V.C. Misra 1,3, Ganesh Pai B 2,3, N. Tiwari 1,3, B.S. Patro 2,3, S. Ghorui 1,3
1 Laser & Plasma technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-
400085
2 Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085
3 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400095
* Corresponding Author Email: vandana@barc.gov.in
Abstract
Use of nuclear radiation in treatment of different types of cancer is well established.
However, while treatment it damages the normal cells also to a significant extent. A
radioactive source imparts its effects through only three agents, namely helium ions,
electrons and electromagnetic waves. Notably, the energies of these agents from a
particular radionuclide are fixed and very high (~MeV). High energy significantly limits the
available interaction time with the cells. Also, when it interacts it may cause substantial
damage to the DNA of the healthy cells due to high energy. The ideal condition could be
getting the effect of ionizing radiation by extending the time of interaction at low energy.
In cold plasma treatment, reactive species play a very important role in inactivation of
cancer cells. While investigation with argon plasma jets have been already reported in
literature, effect of operating frequency and nitrogen seeding in the plasma and associated
control on the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have been rarely probed.
The study uses a recently developed novel cold atmospheric pressure plasma device
and investigates the effect of radicals in the plasma and establish their influence on
inactivation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The results are presented for operating
frequencies ranging from 11 kHz to 26 kHz and interaction distance 5 mm to 15 mm. For
fixed gas flow rates, a significant impact of different operating frequencies and treatment
distance are brought out. OES has been used to identify active species. Correlation with
specific active species and optimum operating conditions for best cell inactivation
efficiency for MCF-7 breast cancer cells are established.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 32
INV-23
Air plasma-water interactions for biomedical/agriculture
applications of plasma activated water
Zdenko Machala 1 *,
1 Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
* Corresponding Author Email: machala@fmph.uniba.sk
Abstract
Understanding physical, transport and chemical processes of the cold plasma-liquid
interactions is crucial for the control of the chemical composition and biomedical effects
of water and water solutions activated by air plasma for emerging applications in
biomedicine and agriculture. The plasma discharge regime, deposited power, and gas flow
conditions determine the plasma properties. The plasma-liquid interface surfaced area and
the type of chemical species with their characteristic solubility then control the transport
of species and consequently their concentrations in water. Various gaseous and aqueous
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced by three types of non-thermal
air plasma sources interacting with water: streamer corona, transient spark and glow
discharge; providing different chemistries and thus different properties of plasma activated
water. Examples of successful applications of such plasma activated water/media for
water or surface bacterial disinfection, biofilm treatment, dentistry, urinary tract infection
treatment, melanoma cancer cell viability reduction and apoptosis induction, as well as
plant growth promotion will be shown.
Supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency APVV-17-0382, and
Slovak Grant Agency VEGA 1/0419/18.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 33
INV-24
Wastewater Treatment and Nanomaterial Synthesis by
Microplasma Technology
K. Suresh 1,*, S. Meiyazhagan 1, E.R. Kavitha 1, S. Yugeswaran 2
1 Surface & Environmental Control Plasma Lab, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University,
Coimbatore–641046, Tamilnadu, India.
2 Applied Thermal Plasma Laboratory, Department of Physics, Pondicherry University,
Puducherry–605014, India
* Corresponding Author Email: ksureshphy@buc.edu.in
Abstract
The dimension of 1 mm or less plasmas generated by electrical discharge is denoted
as microplasma. Its one of the methods of non-thermal plasma having properties like high
electron density, high stability, continuous flow etc. Due to these unique properties and
low power consumption, chemical free with portable reactor design, microplasma has
gained wide applications in various fields such as wastewater treatment, nanomaterial
synthesis surface treatment, ultraviolet radiation source and biomedical applications. This
topical presentation aims to provide a depiction of the microplasma and its applications in
wastewater treatment and nanomaterial synthesis, performed at laboratory scale. The high
energetic electrons in microplasma produce numerous reactive radicals such as reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in aqueous solution during the
interaction process, which can react with the pollutants and subsequently degrade it. The
pollutants may be dyes, pharmaceutical and phenolic compounds. In the similar way, ROS
and RNS play crucial role in nanomaterial synthesis. The nanoparticles produced from the
liquid precursors are mainly through the reduction mechanism due to the reactive
radicals. Hence, microplasma method is an environment friendly and sustainable method
for wastewater treatment and nanomaterial synthesis.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 34
INV-25
Plasma Activated Water as a Source of Green Fertilizer
Lakshminarayana Rao 1 *,
1 Center for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore -560012
* Corresponding Author Email: narayana.rao@gmail.com
Abstract
Nitrogen is a vital nutrient for plants. In large-scale industrialized farming, nitrogen
is supplied through fertilizers which are predominantly produced from fossil fuels. Given
the need to reduce the use of fossil fuels, researchers look to plasma-activated water (PAW)
as a possible alternative fertilizer that is more eco-friendly. In this talk, I will highlight on
how cold plasma can selectively transfer reactive nitrogen species into PAW. Successful
application of plasma-activated water (PAW) as an alternate source of nitrogen for
agricultural application requires low specific energy consumption. I will discuss how a
dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor can be used for the generation of PAW
having low specific energy (SE). The SE to produce N in PAW was 3.26 GJ/kg of N, which
is 68% lower than the lowest value reported to date for DBD-PAW systems.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 35
INV-26
Cold plasma applications in food and agriculture
R. Mahendran 1,*
1 Centre of Excellence in Nonthermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,
Thanjavur, India
* Corresponding Author Email: mahendran@iifpt.edu.in
Abstract
Food and agricultural processing require massive growth to feed the increasing
world population and meet the demand for safe food. Consumers are looking for a quality
product with increased shelf life. Various nonthermal preservation technologies are
emerging to cater to this issue. One such technique is cold plasma, which can maintain
the safety of the food and improve the quality of agricultural products. Plasma can be used
both in the pre and post-harvesting stages of the agri-food chain to increase overall
production. The possible use of cold plasma on food and agricultural processing starts
from water, soil, seed, and plant treatments and continues till the processing of different
commodities such as leaves, roots, fruits, spices, nuts, food grains, and other food
products. The reactive species composition in plasma forms the primary reason for
producing desirable changes on biological commodities and also in increasing shelf life
(microbial reduction). It utilizes different mechanisms such as surface etching, oxidation,
photo-oxidation, functional group formation, and structural modification on
microorganisms and commodities. The application of plasma on food and agricultural
products includes chemical degradation, pesticide removal, seed tolerance, plant growth,
microbial reduction, enzyme inactivation, disinfestation, allergen removal, toxin
degradation, extraction & quality improvements, and functional property modifications.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 36
INV-27
Plasma sprayed multilayered thermal barrier coating systems: An
overview
S.T. Aruna 1,*
1 Surface Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Aerospace
Laboratories, HAL Airport Road, Bengaluru-560017, India
* Corresponding Author Email: aruna_reddy@nal.res.in
Abstract
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) play a decisive role in protecting the hot structures
of modern turbine engines in aerospace as well as utility applications. To meet the
increasing efficiency of gas turbine technology, worldwide research is focused on designing
new architecture of TBCs. Prominently, bi-layered, multi-layered and functionally graded
TBC structures are recognized as favourable designs to obtain adequate coating
performance and durability. These TBCs are mainly fabricated by atmospheric plasma
spraying (APS) as it is more economical over the electron beam physical vapor deposition
(EB-PVD) technology. The present talk encompasses the structure, characteristics,
limitations and future prospects of bi-layered, multi-layered and functionally graded TBC
systems fabricated using plasma spraying. Also, the work carried out in the author`s
laboratory on plasma sprayed bilayered TBCs will be presented.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 37
INV-28
Architect coating microstructures using plasma spraying for
energy harvesting applications
Yugeswaran Subramaniam 1 *
1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry – 605014, India
* Corresponding Author Email: yugesh.phy@pondiuni.edu.in
Abstract
Atmospheric plasma spraying is one of the promising thermal spraying techniques
which has been successfully utilized from past few decades to produce a wide range of
ceramics, metal alloys and cermet coating microstructures for different applications.
Typical plasma sprayed coating microstructures comprise of interconnected lamellas,
pores, voids, cracks and incompletely melted feedstock particles. These are inevitable in
plasma sprayed coating microstructures. In the recent times, these unique features of
plasma sprayed microstructures have facilitated its use in some non-conventional
applications such as catalytic electrodes, sensors, thermoelectric device and micro-
electronic devices. The typical benefits of plasma spray technology such as high
temperature process, bulk area coverage, ambient conditions, easy operation, rapid
solidification, porosity, inter connected pores, durability and good coating adhesion entitle
the production of efficient energy harvesting coating microstructures. Additionally, the
porosity and as well as the surface to volume ratio of the coating microstructures can be
tuned by modifying the conventional plasma spray process. This work is reconnoitering
the potential of plasma spraying to fabricate architected coating microstructures for clean
energy production sector.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 38
INV-29
A novel plasma assisted recovery of metals from metal bearing solid waste
R.Saravanakumar and K. Ramachandran
Department of Physics Bharathiar University
Coimbatore – 641046, INDIA
* Corresponding Author Email: rams@buc.edu.in
Abstract
Rapid industrialization depletes the reserves of high-grade metal ores. The recovery of metals from low grad ores is expensive and involves large quantity of chemicals, which lead to secondary wastes. Industrial as well as domestic wastes, which contain significant amount of metals in a heterogeneous form, are generated in several thousand tons every
year and most of them have been land filled /discarded without effective treatment and recovery of metals. These metal bearing wastes are one of the potential sources (artificial ore) for mining of metals. However, the improper disposal and mismanagement of metal bearing wastes cause serious health and environmental issues. Conventional methods such as bio, hydro and pyro metallurgical methods employed to treat metal bearing wastes are either slow or not environmental friendly. Aluminothermic process used to reduce metal oxides is economical as well as eco-friendly. An additional energy or heat is always advantageous to supplement the aluminothermic process, which ensure the complete reaction between oxides available in the waste and aluminium (Al) granules supplemented as well as sufficient metal-slag separation.
A plasma assisted aluminothermic process for the reduction of metal oxides and recovery of metals from metal bearing solid waste is developed. This process employs the heat generated by the plasma arc to ignite and sustain the aluminothermic reaction between metal oxides, which have standard Gibbs free energy of formation more than that of aluminium oxide, available in the waste and aluminium granules supplemented. The products of this process are metallic mixture, slag and the nanopowder. Slag and nanopowder contain either aluminium oxide or mixture of aluminium oxide and other oxides, which have standard Gibbs free energy of formation more than that of aluminium oxide. This process could be used to recover metals such as Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, Zn, Mn, Si, Ti, Ag etc from the waste in a single step, a short time and an environment-friendly manner.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 39
INV-30
Study on Superhydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of Cotton and
PET fabric by DC glow discharge plasma
G. Shanmugavelayutham
Assistant Professor, Plasma Processing Laboratory, Department of Physics,
Bharathiar University, Coimbatore- 641 046, Tamilnadu, INDIA
* Corresponding Author Email: sgsvelu@buc.edu.in
Abstract
Superhydrophobic nature of the fabrics namely PET (Polyethyleneterephthalate) and cotton was improved by DC glow discharge plasma. Surface modification was done by using oxygen plasma to create non polar bonds responsible for superhydrophobicity. The modified PET fabric surface was characterized by various techniques such as Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Further the superhydrophobic properties were calculated by using static contact angle measurements. That PET fabric was used for oil-water separation application. The natural extract coated cotton fabric was plasma treated and it was characterized by contact angle, ATR-FTIR and FESEM. Antibacterial studies for the superhydrophobic surface was also observed by agar diffusion method. The result reveals that oxygen plasma treatment of the fabric by DC glow discharge plasma promoted the superhydrophobic nature to fabric. To increase the hydrophilicity of the cotton fabric it was activated by oxygen plasma. The plasma treatment activated the polar bonds in the surface of the fabric. Further the fabric was coated with natural extracts and compared with mordant (Ferrous sulphate) to confirm the antibacterial activity. The plasma treated cotton fabric was characterized by contact angle, ATR-FTIR and FESEM. From this observation, it was concluded that the DC glow discharge plasma effectively modifies the surface properties of the fabric which could be better tool for manufacturing antibacterial textiles and in oil-water separation.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 40
INV-31
Detoxification of aflatoxins in red chillies (Capsiucm anuum L.)
using low pressure cold plasma
S.H.D. Udeshika 1, A.B.G.C.J. De Silva 2, T. Dissanayake 2, S.C. Amarasena 2,
P. Abeysundara 3, P.N.R.J. Amunugoda 2,*
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri
Lanka.
2 Industrial Technology Institute, Sri Lanka.
3 MAS Innovations Private Limited, Biyagama, Sri Lanka
* Corresponding Author Email: neville@iti.lk
Abstract
Aflatoxins are considered as mycotoxins and these compounds are carcinogenic,
neurotoxic, and toxic to the endocrine or immune system of humans. One way of aflatoxins
appears in the food chain due to the infected spices. This study was carried out to evaluate
the efficacy of low pressure Cold Plasma technology on detoxification of Aflatoxins in red
chilli (Capsicum anuum L.). Low Pressure Cold Plasma Treatment was carried out using
300W, 30 L vacuum plasma chamber operated at radio frequency with a parallel plate
capacitively coupled plasma configuration and treatment gas was atmospheric air. Air
supply rate was set as 120 cm3/min maintaining the pressure between 0.35 mbar – 0.45
mbar. Low pressure (0.5mbar pressure) Cold Plasma treatment was applied for pre-
determined aflatoxins contaminated chilli powder sample at 3 different exposure times as
3, 6 and 9minutes at 37˚C. The initial and final aflatoxins content was evaluated by using
LCMS/MS method. Possible chemical changes in chillie powder after plasma treatment
were evaluated using Attenuated Total Reflectance- Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR Bruker Tensor 27 IR spectrometer). Water activity and moisture
level of chilli powder significantly reduced with increasing treatment time. The level of
aflatoxins in chilli powder showed significant reduction under all three CP treatment
conditions while no significant differences were observed among the three treatments. The
lowest AFB1 level was reported in the 3mins treated sample (95% reduction). AFB2, AFG1
and AFG2 level in the three treatments were below the lowest detectable level (1.6μg/kg).
Both aerobic plate count and yeast and mould count of all the treated samples were
significantly reduced when compared with the initial untreated sample and confirmed te
microbiological quality of the treated samples under acceptable level. Low pressure cold
plasma treatments significantly changed the colour parameters of lightness (L*, a*,b*),
Chroma and Hue angle of the chilli powder where the colour got drastically lighter with
increasing treatment time. SEM images confirmed modifications of the surface of chillie
powder. This study shows the potential in reducing aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and
AFG2) contamination of red chillie powder using low pressure cold plasma.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 41
INV-32
Evolution of Small Perturbations into Nonlinear Stationary
Structures in Ionospheric Plasma
Swarniv Chandra 1,2,3,*
1 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin
Dinajpur, India, 733121.
2 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, 700032.
3 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India, 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
Ionospheric Plasma introduces nonlinear perturbations in regular EM wave
propagation which in turn affects the signal transmission and receiving in a highly
nonlinear manner. Often the signals are distorted by a varied degree of nonlinearity. The
wireless communication mechanism is affected by small perturbations which take gigantic
rogue wave structures with possibility of damaging the sophisticated equipment. In order
to study the evolution of rogue wave type solitons starting from initial small amplitude
perturbations, we have considered a three component electron ion plasma system with
degeneracy pressure as well as quantum diffraction effects. A solitary wave structure is
formed due to the interplay of nonlinear and dispersive forces. Such a formation under the
action of an external force gets modified and the stability criteria is altered. In this paper
we have studied how the solitary wave structures behave under the action of an external
force. Next we study how the nonlinear effects cause an amplitude modulation and the
envelop soliton is formed. Such an envelop soliton is studied by the nonlinear Schrodinger
equation that we derive in the later part of the work. We have carried out simulation studies
to compare with analytical findings of other workers. Quantitative study by way of
Dynamical system and Lyapunov exponents is carried out to understand the effect of
parameters on the chaotic scenario of the problem.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21
Oral Contributions
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 42
OP-01
First results of recently developed prototype Magneto-Optic
Current Sensor (MOCS) diagnostic for plasma current
measurements in ADITYA-U tokamak
Santosh P. Pandya 1,*, Kumudni Tahiliani 1,*, Praveenlal E. V.1, Sameer Kumar Jha1,
Lavkesh T. Lachwani1, Suman Aich1, Surya Kumar Pathak1,2, Rakesh L. Tanna1,
Joydeep Ghosh1,2 and ADITYA-U team1
1 Institute for Plasma Research, Near Indira Bridge, Bhat, Gandhinagar – 382428, India.
2Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India.
* Corresponding Author psantosh@ipr.res.in, kumud@ipr.res.in
Abstract
Plasma current measurement is a direct evidence to determine the merit of a plasma
discharge in tokamaks, and important for basic control and machine protection.
Conventionally, the plasma current measurement is performed by inductive sensors such
as Rogowski coil or an array of pick-up coils. However, there are a few drawbacks
associated with these techniques such as drift of integrator for long operation,
electromagnetic interference and radiation-induced noise in case of nuclear plasma
operation. Magneto-Optic Current Sensor (MOCS) based on the principle of Faraday effect
in the single-mode optical fiber (SMF) have been deployed on plasma devices. In this
technique, the plasma current is directly estimated by measuring the rotation angle of the
linearly-polarized light passing through the SMF loop nearly enclosing the plasma current
channel. A simple but efficient prototype MOCS diagnostic has recently been developed for
the ADITYA-U tokamak that can measure the plasma current with the sensitivity of ≤0.5
kA and temporal resolution of ≤100 µs. In this paper, we report the characterization of the
system in a lab setup environment and also the first results of plasma current estimation
in the range from 20kA to 150 kA obtained for deuterium plasma discharges. In the
tokamak environment, it has been observed that the system is responding to the toroidal
and vertical fields induced during the plasma operations. In addition, the birefringence
property of the SMF as well as mechanical vibration can also affect the current estimation.
However, the analysis presented herein shows that an application of the background
correction can aid in recovering the shape of the plasma current besides having
birefringence of SMF and its effect. The preliminary results show a reasonable agreement
with a conventional Rogowski coil method and reported herein.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 43
OP-02
Effect of asymmetric laser pulse on Laser wakefield acceleration
in under dense plasma
Vivek Sharma 1, Sandeep Kumar 2, Niti Kant 1, Vishal Thakur 1,*
1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab,
India
2 Department of Physics, Manav Rachna University, Sector 43, Aravalli Hills, Faridabad, 121004
Haryana, India
* Corresponding Author Email: vishal20india@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
The wakefield excitation and electron acceleration is investigated in the presence of
asymmetric laser pulse in an under-dense plasma. For this purpose, 1D model of laser
wakefield acceleration is revisited. The analytical expressions for the longitudinal wake-
potential and wakefield generated behind the laser pulse and for electron density
perturbations are obtained and discussed for asymmetric laser pulse. The results show
that the wake-fields excited by laser pulses are strongly dependent on the asymmetric
pattern of the laser pulse, on plasma density, laser pulse intensity, pulse duration and its
wavelength. A brief discussion about 3D PIC simulation of laserwakefield acceleration is
also presented. These results could be very useful as a starting point for optimization
studies for a real LWFA experiment.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 44
OP-03
Quantum and relativistic effects on the KdV and envelope
solitons in ion-plasma waves
H. Sahoo 1*, C. Das 2, S. Chandra 3,*, B. Ghosh 1, K.K. Mondal 4*
1 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University Kolkata-700032, India
2 Department of Mathematics, Govt. General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur–
733121, India
3 Department of Physics, Govt. General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur– 733121,
India
*Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032, India
4 Sovarani Memorial College; Jagatballavpur, Howrah-711408, India
* Corresponding Author Email: himangshusahoo@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the linear and nonlinear behavior of ion plasma waves
in a two-component plasma containing ions and dust particles. We have studied the linear
dispersion characteristics, nonlinear KdV solitons and amplitude modulated envelop
solitons. Such ion plasma wave modes in dust-ion plasma has been theoretically
investigated by incorporating quantum diffraction and relativistic effects. Numerical
analysis of the linear dispersion relation with variations of different parameters have been
carried out. By employing reductive perturbation technique the KdV equation describing
the small amplitude solitary profile have been studied. Using the standard multiple scale
perturbation method, a nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation has been derived by
including quantum and relativistic effects, which describes the nonlinear evolution of the
ion plasma waves in dust-ion plasma. Numerically we have examined the growth of
modulational instability of the wave. The wave is found to become modulationally unstable
beyond certain critical wave number. The critical wave number and the instability growth
rate is shown to depend significantly on the relativistic motion of plasma particles and the
quantum diffraction effect. We have also carried out a symbolic simulation analysis with
physical parameters. The results presented in the paper are expected to be helpful for
understanding the propagation of finite amplitude ion-plasma waves in some laboratory
and astrophysical plasma systems.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 45
OP-04
Estimation of Eddy Magnetic Field at Magnetic Probes in Aditya-
U Tokamak
S. Aich 1,2,*, J. Ghosh 1,2, T. M. Macwan 1,2, R. Kumar 1, R. L. Tanna 1, D. Raju 1,2, S.
Jha 1, P. K. Chattopadhyay 1,2, Praveenlal E. V. 1, K. A. Jadeja 1, K. Patel 1, K. Singh 1,2, S. Dolui 1,2, ADITYA-U team 1
1 Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382428, India
2 Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra − 400094, India
* Corresponding Author Email: suman.aich@ipr.res.in
Abstract
Magnetic diagnostics play a crucial role in diagnosing tokamak plasma. One of the
major advantages of using magnetic diagnostics is the ease of fabrication as well as
maintenance, though these diagnostics are very much sensitive to all other magnetic fields,
linked. In a tokamak like machine, where magnetic field is the major factor for the working
of the machine, the configurations of these additional fields at the locations of the magnetic
diagnostics are not very easy to understand and hence, to figure out. A more complicated
situation appears when the nearby structural conducting bodies contribute to this
additional magnetic field of the magnetic diagnostic by means of eddy currents. Though it
is not always needed to discard the additional values from these magnetic fields, especially
when these data are used by taking subtractions, or ratios etc., where the similarly affected
magnetic probes are chosen for the data, sometimes a precise estimation of the magnetic
fields due to the expected sources only is mandatory. In the lastly mentioned situations,
an estimation of the contribution in the magnetic field from all the unknown sources is
necessary and that is the motivation of this work. This work describes all the possible
reasons for these additional fields and hence try to figure out the order of magnitude of
magnetic field from all the unknown sources, which are nothing but eddy sources. Finally,
experimental data are taken from one kind of magnetic diagnostics, which are Mirnov
probes, and numerical values of the eddy fields at the probe locations are estimated on the
basis of the approach, discussed in this work. As a consequence, this work conclude with
some interesting outcomes.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 46
OP-05
Cathode position detection in a transferred arc plasma using
artificial neural network
Shakti Prasad Sethi 1,2,*, Debi Prasad Das 1,2, Santosh Kumar Behera 1,2
1 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751013 India
2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
* Corresponding Author Email: shaktiemt@gmail.com
Abstract
In a transferred arc plasma system, the position of the cathode is difficult to detect
during the smelting process as it remains inside the cylindrical anode. Depending on the
position of the cathode, efficiency of smelting operation is measured such as productive
smelting, optimum electrical energy transfer. External position detection using a position
detecting device fails due to cathode degradation and breakage during operation. Also
conventionally, the voltage signal provides an indication of cathode position with respect
to the anode. However, as plasma is very dynamic, the voltage signal fluctuates and
changes due to variation in current and the medium. Therefore, accurate estimation of
cathode position during plasma operation in a arc plasma furnace is very challenging.
In this paper, artificial neural network based machine learning technique is
proposed to accurately detect the position of the cathode in a direct current (DC)
transferred arc plasma system. Experimentally, measured voltage, current signal, and
their statistical features are used to train the artificial neural network (ANN). The output
of the ANN provides more accurate position information and is also compared to the
traditional voltage related position information. Experiments were conducted in a 15kWatt
DC plasma system and cathode position detection results are shown.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 47
OP-06
Conceptual Design of Multichannel FEB Detection System to
Study Suprathermal Electron Dynamics during Lower Hybrid
Current Drive (LHCD) in ADITYA-U Tokamak.
Jagabandhu Kumar 1,*, Santosh P. Pandya 1, P. K. Sharma 1
1 Institute for Plasma Research, Baht Gandhinagar-382428
* Corresponding Author Email: jagabandhu.kumar@ipr.res.in
Abstract
To drive plasma current non inductively, a lower hybrid current drive (LHCD)
system with a passive - active multijunction (PAM) antenna for injecting lower hybrid wave
has been designed, fabricated and to be integrated with ADITYA-U Tokamak. A
suprathermal electron population in the energy range of a few keV to several hundreds of
keV is generated with the injection of the lower hybrid wave. These suprathermal electrons
interacting mainly with ions and electrons result in Hard X-Ray emission called Fast
Electron Bremsstrahlung acronym as FEB emission. A single channel FEB detection
system is being used in the earlier experiment of LHCD in ADITYA-U tokamak. However,
the single channel detection system can’t provide a radial emissivity profile of HXR
intensity distribution. In order to determine a radial emissivity profile, a multichannel FEB
detection system is designed for ADITYA-U tokamak. This paper describes the detailed
conceptual design for the selection of suitable detectors, optimization of the collimators,
shielding geometry, and low energy filtering cut-off. In the present design analysis, the
soller collimator concept is considered over a simple pinhole camera system due to its
several advantages. In order to optimize the multichannel FEB system parameters for the
best performance, detailed forwarded modelling has been performed using a code
described in. The signal to background ratio at each detector location has been estimated
for several plasma parameters and reported herein.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 48
OP-07
Efficient terahertz radiation by relativistic self-focusing of cosh-
Gaussian laser beam in magnetized plasma under higher-order
paraxial region
Gunjan Purohit 1,*, Pradeep Kothiyal 1, Bineet Gaur 1, Amita Raizada 1
1 Laser Plasma Computational Laboratory, Department of Physics DAV (PG) College, Dehradun,
Uttarakhand-248001, India
* Corresponding Author Email: gunjan75@gmail.com
Abstract
An analytical and numerical study have been carried out for the emission of
Terahertz (THz) radiation in the magnetized and rippled density plasma by a self-focused
cosh-Gaussian laser beam. This study has been done in non-paraxial region with
relativistic nonlinearity. Due to relativistic change of electron mass, the laser beam
becomes focused in the plasma. THz radiation is produced due to interaction of cosh-
Gaussian laser beam with electron plasma wave under the appropriate phase matching
conditions. Due to strong coupling between self-focused laser beam and pre-existing
density ripple, nonlinear current produced which generate the THz radiation. The
expressions for the beamwidth parameters of cosh-Gaussian laser beam and the electric
vector of the THz radiation have been obtained and solved these numerically. The self-
focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam and its effect on the generated THz amplitude has
been studied for typical laser and plasma parameters. Numerical study has been carried
out at various values of the decentered parameter, incident laser intensity, magnetic field,
and relative density. The results have also been compared with paraxial region as well as
Gaussian profile of laser beam. The numerical results show that the self-focusing of cosh-
Gaussian laser beam and amplitude of THz radiation enhances in the nonparaxial region
than that of the paraxial region. It is also observed that the focusing of cosh-Gaussian
laser beam in magnetized plasma and the amplitude of THz radiation increases at higher
values of decentered parameter.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 49
OP-08
A Comparison Study of Plasma Torch Characteristics Using
Air and Carbon dioxide
Yugesh V 1,*, Amarnath P 1, Yugeswaran S 1, Ananthapadmnabhan PV 2
1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry–605014, India
2 President, Power beam Society of India, India
* Corresponding Author Email: yugeshv@gmail.com
Abstract
The plasma torch is the key component of thermal plasma assisted material processing
system. DC non-transferred arc plasma torch is more popular than AC, RF or microwave
plasma torches due to its ease of operation and it is widely used in high temperature
material processing applications. The characteristics of the plasma jet emanating from the
plasma torch is depend on many factors including discharge current, type of plasma
forming gas, gas flow rates, gas injection configuration, torch geometry etc. Air and carbon
dioxide is widely used as a plasma forming gases in high temperature applications.
Compared to conventional gases air and carbon dioxide are shown good performance and
it is economically cheaper too. This experimental study focuses on the comparison of the
carbon dioxide and air on the arc voltage, electro-thermal efficiency, average enthalpy and
operating regime of the plasma torch operated at atmospheric pressure. Customized low
power DC plasma torch used in this study consists of tungsten cathode and an anode.
Carbon dioxide and air are used as plasma forming gas along with a feeble amount of
argon. The plasma torch was operated over a wide range of current (100-175A) with fixed
gas flow rate. The voltage fluctuation and electro-thermal efficiency of the plasma torch
were measured and results are compared. It has been found that carbon dioxide has a
strong influence than air on the arc voltage fluctuation and electro-thermal efficiency and
operating regime of the plasma torch
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 50
OP-09
Spatial variation of plasma parameters in a pulsed plasma
accelerator
S. Singha 1,*, A. Ahmed 1, S. Borthakur 1, N.K. Neog 1, T.K. Borthakur 1
1 Centre of Plasma Physics - Institute for Plasma Research Sonapur-782402, Kamrup (M), Assam,
India
* Corresponding Author Email: sumit.singha@cppipr.res.in
Abstract
The plasma stream of pulsed plasma accelerator devices, in general, possesses high
density, high speed as well as substantial amount of high heat flux. It has drawn a greater
interest for probable plasma technologies such as thruster application, basic studies of
high-speed plasma, material plasma deposition, for generation of various radiation sources
such as X-Ray and UV, plasma bubble formation, etc. In recent times, the high-density
pulsed plasma has been demonstrated as a potential source of high heat flux to study
plasma surface interaction and related issues relevant to large fusion plasma devices like
ITER. In this study, helium plasma stream is generated in a coaxial plasma accelerator by
applying a high voltage from a 200 kJ pulsed power system. Understanding of the plasma
stream parameters are important for further study of various phenomena and its
utilization for applications. The present work aims at measuring the electron temperature
and density of helium plasma produced in a pulsed plasma accelerator. The plasma is
diagnosed by an in-house built, battery-operated Triple Langmuir probe arrangement and
translating it along axial direction precisely from 8 to 40 cm inside the plasma stream away
from the electrode end. By varying experimental conditions, the plasma temperature and
density are measured at different spatial position of the stream. The measured maximum
electron temperature and corresponding density are around 33 eV and 5 x 1020/m3
respectively for a discharge voltage of 12 kV at a distance of 8 cm from the exit of the
electrode. It is observed that the value of parameters decreases with the increase in the
axial distance away from the electrode end.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 51
OP-10
Numerical study on the effect of plasma density on Runaway
Electron suppression in the ADITYA-U tokamak
Ansh Patel 1, Santosh P. Pandya 2,*, Tanmay M. Macwan 2, Umeshkumar C. Nagora 2,
Jayesh V. Raval 2, K.A. Jadeja 2, Sameer Kumar Jha 2, Rohit Kumar 2, Suman Aich2,
Suman Dolui 2, Kaushlender Singh 2, K. M. Patel 2, Kumudni Tahiliani 2, Surya
Kumar Pathak 2,3, Rakesh L. Tanna 2, Joydeep Ghosh 2,3, Manoj Kumar 2, ADITYA-U
team2
1 1School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, India
2 Institute for Plasma Research, Near Indira Bridge, Bhat, Gandhinagar – 382428, India.
3 Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India.
* Corresponding Author Email: psantosh@ipr.res.in
Abstract
Runaway Electrons (REs) generated during plasma disruptions in fusion grade
tokamaks have the potential to severely damage the plasma-facing components. Designing
optimal plasma discharge scenarios for RE suppression in future experiments requires
interpretative modelling of current experiments. Multiple experiments have been carried
out on ADITYA-U tokamak to design optimal plasma discharge scenarios for RE avoidance
and suppression. In this paper, we study two representative pairs of ADITYA-U plasma
discharges. In the first pair of discharges, the effect of a lower ratio of peak electric field
during breakdown to the pre-fill pressure is shown on RE generation. In the second pair
of the representative discharges, plasma density was increased by gas puffs during the
flap-top phase which is shown to suppress RE generation. We simulate these plasma
discharges using the PREDICT code to study the dynamics of runaway electrons. The
results are consistent with the Hard X-Ray diagnostic observations for both the pair of
representative discharges. Additionally, the lowest RE-current is obtained in the
discharges with a low ratio of the peak electric field during breakdown to the pre-fill
pressure and high plasma density during the flap-top phase due to gas puffs. The
suppression of REs is demonstrated by showing the effect of increasing plasma density on
the separatrix in momentum space between thermal electrons and REs.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 52
OP-11
Effect of reduced electric field on the methane conversion in dbd
and arc discharges operated using methane-air mixture: A
simulation study
Ram Mohan Pathak 1, Ananthanarasimhan J 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1*
1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
* Corresponding Author Email: narayana.rao@gmail.com
Abstract
This work investigates the effect of reduced electric field on methane conversion in
an atmospheric pressure simple coaxial dielectric barrier discharge reactor and arc
discharge. The study is performed using simulation of entire plasma-chemical kinetics of
the species using CHEMICAL WORKBENCH. About 450 reactions including all electronic
type and chemical processes were considered for the plasma-chemical kinetics study. The
results reveal that high electric field, > 50 Td, is important for DBD plasmas to achieve
good conversion, while for arc plasma, the reduced electric field < 40 Td is sufficient to
achieve good conversion of methane.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 53
OP-12
Comparison of performance of cold atmospheric plasma and two
conventional methods for inactivation of the Alternaria sp.
C. Alves-Júnior 1,2,*, L.J.A. de Lima 1, J. O. Vitoriano 1,2, M.C.S. Campêlo 3,
L.C. de Figuerêdo 3
1 LABPLASMA- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid
2 Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Departament of Mechanical Engineering, Campus
Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP: 59078-970. Natal-RN
3 LABFUNGI, Department of Biosciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid
* Corresponding Author Email: clodomiro.jr@ufersa.edu.br
Abstract
In this paper, the inactivation of Alternaria sp., is investigated using cold
atmospheric plasma (CAP) and the results compared with two conventional techniques,
namely (i) sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) and (ii) quaternary ammonium
compounds (QAC). CAP generated by a pulsed corona discharge device was evaluated
against suspension of spore of Alternaria sp. (5x10³ conidia.mL-1) inside a test tube. The
results were compared with conventional techniques of water disinfection by NaDCC (200
ppm and 400 ppm) or QAC (1000 ppm). Except treatments of 1 and 3 minutes (10 kV) and
1 minute (20 kV), all other plasma treatment conditions were effective in Alternaria sp
spore inactivation. In conventional treatment, only sanitizer NaDCC400, whose
concentration is 8 times the WHO reference value, presents complete inactivation in this
study. Cold plasma at atmospheric pressure in a liquid medium may be an alternative to
costly disinfection and unhealthy chemical sanitizers since plasma treatment was efficient
to achieve an inactivation rate of approximately 3.699 log CFU/ml (death of 99.999% viable
CFU) of fungi
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 54
OP-13
Gas plasma sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin
Milad Rasouli 1,2, Mahmood Ghoranneviss 2,3, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov 4
1 Institute for Plasma Research and Department of Physics, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Plasma Medicine Group, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Tehran, Iran
4 School of Chemistry and Physics and QUT Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland
University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia
* Corresponding Author Email: miladrasouli@outlook.com
Abstract
The current situation of ovarian cancer oncotherapy has created a major problem
for the health system. Due to the limited therapeutic results of conventional modalities,
the majority of efforts in ovarian cancer treatment studies focus on new therapeutic
strategy achievement. Gas plasma offering a promising alternative to conventional ovarian
cancer therapies owing to its multimodal nature. Physico-chemical agents generated in the
interaction of plasma plume with air, solution, and biological targets lead to a suitable
platform for modern oncology. Here, we examine the efficacy of physical parameters of gas
plasma simultaneously with carboplatin on A2780 CP and GCs as ovarian cancer cells and
normal cells. Our result revealed that plasma combats carboplatin resistance and induces
selective responses between the malignant and normal cells. These effects are further
related to molecular intracellular mechanisms by monitoring the expression of Bax and
Bcl-2. Compared to carboplatin, gas plasma is able to target cancer cells whereas normal
cells are unaffected. Further, we found H2O2 concentration enhances with increasing
discharge voltage and conclude it is one of the important factors in the gas plasma action
mechanism.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 55
OP-14
Computational analysis of non-thermal plasma dynamics in a low
pressure continuous DBD reactor for liquid foods
decontamination
Dharini M 1, Anbarasan R 1, Jaspin S 1, Mahendran 1,*
1 Centre of Excellence in Non-Thermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,
Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Thanjavur, India
* Corresponding Author Email: mahendran@iifpt.edu.in
Abstract
An indigenous DBD, low pressure non-thermal plasma system was developed for
continuous liquid foods decontamination. A 2- Dimensional computational model for the
non-thermal plasma system was built using COMSOL Multiphysics to predict the reactive
species concentration for any given condition. The objective of the current study is to
correlate the intensities of species obtained from Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES)
with the modeled species concentration for the similar experimental condition. The
modeling was done based on the input independent parameters such as the electrode
diameter (20 cm), electrode distance (1.5 cm) and applied voltage (1, 1.5 and 2 kV). As an
initial step the strongest intensities of the reactive species observed to be present in the
optical emission spectra such as OI, NI, NO and O3 were taken for modeling. The possible
chemical equations for the generation of selected reactive species were assumed and the
corresponding data were collected from literature. For these experimental assumptions
and conditions, the concentration distribution of reactive species was predicted.
Additionally, the microbial reduction results obtained for different process parameters
were correlated with the concentration distribution of reactive species to interpret the
influence of every individual reactive species on the microbial inactivation.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 56
OP-15
Computational dynamics for DBD plasma system to predict the
reactive species concentration and to evaluate individual species
influence on chlorpyrifos degradation in soybean
Anbarasan R 1, Dharini M 1, Mahendran 1,*
1 Centre of Excellence in Non-Thermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,
Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Thanjavur, India
* Corresponding Author Email: mahendran@iifpt.edu.in
Abstract
Cold plasma contains reactive species, free electrons and UV radiation which are
responsible for the food processing applications such as microbial reduction, disinfestation
and decontamination. The intensity of each plasma component has its own impact on
specific food application and the generation of these components are purely depend on the
system configuration and the set operational parameters. This study deals with the
development of a 2D computational model for a low pressure (50–75 mmHg) DBD air
plasma system to predict the reactive species concentration and to assess its effect on
chlorpyrifos degradation at different power levels. For the experiment, soybean seeds with
different chlorpyrifos concentration of 1 ppm, 2 ppm and 3 ppm were treated at 25 W, 50
W and 100 W power levels in plasma system. During the experiment, OES data were
collected for selecting the predominant reactive species (OI, OIII, ArII, NI) for modeling
using COMSOL Multiphysics software. For each species, the feasible chemical reactions
were assumed with necessary data such as electron density and energy to fed into the
model. After computation, the reactive species concentration data were compared with the
OES data to check the effectiveness of the developed model at different power level. In
addition, the pesticide decay at different power levels were correlated with the reactive
species concentration to assess the influence of each species on the degradation. From the
study it was found that cold plasma treatment at 100 W power level reduced more than
50% chlorpyrifos from soybean and significant difference in the reactive species
concentration were observed in both OES and computed data.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 57
OP-16
Numerical simulation of the characteristics of DC glow discharge
confined by mirror and cusp magnetic fields
M.S. Janarthini 1, V.R. Barath1, K. Ramachandran 1,*
1 Plasma Modeling and Simulation Laboratory,Department of Physics, Bharathiar University,
Coimbatore
* Corresponding Author Email: rams@buc.edu.in
Abstract
One of the oldest problems in plasma physics is analyzing the effect of magnetic
field on the plasma behaviour. This analysis is highly essential in plasma fusion research
and for the enhancement of several desirable features of various plasma discharge sources
employed in several technological applications. Laboratory plasma sources, due to their
unique characteristics and easy accessibility, mainly support these fundamental studies,
out of which direct current (DC) glow discharge is the best suitable candidate. In the
present work, a 2D axisymmetric model based on drift diffusion approach is developed to
simulate the effect of magnetic field on argon DC glow discharge plasma. The plasma is
confined by applying magnetic field with mirror and cusp configurations. The effect of
magnetic field on transport coefficients of charged species in the tensor form is included
in the model. DC glow discharge is simulated at two different magnetic field configurations
for different coil currents, coil separation distances, number of coil turns, etc. The effect
of magnetic field on the number density of charged species, electron temperature,
ionization rate and electrostatic potential is presented and discussed.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 58
OP-17
Hydrophilization of ritonavir drug using pulsed oxygen plasma
treatment for enhanced wettability, solubility and dissolution
Ajinkya M. Trimukhe 1, Satish V. Rojekar 2, Rajendra R. Deshmukh 1,
Pradeep R. Vavia 2
1 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology,
Mumbai, 400019, India
* Corresponding Author Email: rr.deshmukh@ictmumbai.edu.in
Abstract
In the present study, pulsed oxygen plasma treatment (POPT) was employed to
transform hydrophobic drug-ritonavir powder into hydrophilic one. A low pressure RF
rotating plasma reactor was used to accomplish the hydroxylation of ritonavir by applying
5/20ms optimized plasma pulse with 200 cc/min flow of oxygen through plasma regime.
Pulsed oxygen plasma treated ritonavir showed improved wettability, solubility and
dissolution rate. In contrast to untreated ritonavir, the solubility improved by 5.87 times
for 30 min POPT ritonavir. Intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of 30 min plasma-treated
ritonavir was found to be 1.95 time’s higher than the untreated ritonavir. Increase in
wettability was observed with increase in plasma treatment time as evident from contact
angle study. Drug samples were characterized by variety of techniques. The ATR-FTIR
demonstrated a broad peak of -OH at 3300 cm-1, mass spectra exhibited distinct
hydroxylated fragments of 737 m/z (+16 Da) and XPS atomic concentration showed an
increased oxygen concentration in the survey spectra from 9 to 12%. In addition, the
hydroxylation of POPT ritonavir has shown improved negative zeta potential which led to
increased solubility. No physico-chemical changes between POPT and untreated ritonavir
have been found in the DLS, DSC, XRD, NMR and SEM studies. The ability of pulsed
oxygen plasma treatment to enhance the wettability, solubility and dissolution efficiency
of hydrophobic drugs was therefore seen in this study.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 59
OP-18
Room-temperature toluene decomposition by catalytic non-
thermal plasma reactor
KVSS Bhargavi 1, Debjyoti Ray 1, Ch. Subrahmanyam 1,*
1 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India-
502285.
* Corresponding Author Email: csubbu@iith.ac.in
Abstract
The present work studied the decomposition of a model VOC, toluene, in a packed-
bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor. 2.5% MOx/γ-Al2O3 (M = Mn, Co)
catalysts prepared by wet impregnation method were utilised for packing. They were
characterised by BET, TPD (CO2 and NH3) and TEM to understand the metal-support
interaction and physicochemical properties. The influence of varying input toluene
concentration (between 50 and 200 ppm) and different packing conditions (surface
modifications of γ-Al2O3 with Mn and Co oxides) on the conversion of toluene, product
selectivity of CO and CO2 and ozone formation is studied. Surface-modified γ-Al2O3 showed
improved CO2 selectivity compared to γ-Al2O3 and bare plasma. CoOx/γ-Al2O3 effectively
decomposed 50 ppm toluene (95% at 3.3 W) with about 70% CO2 selectivity. MnOx/γ-Al2O3
and CoOx/γ-Al2O3 displayed the same conversion effect at higher toluene input. Almost
98% carbon balance and suppressed ozone formation were observed using surface-
modified γ-Al2O3, signifying the necessity of integrating metal oxide to achieve effective
conversion and maximum selectivity towards the desired products. The mean electron
energies and energy electron distribution function were also calculated using BOLSIG+
software. The high-performance packed-bed DBD system packed with supported 2.5%
MOx/γ-Al2O3 offers a promising approach to using highly active transition metal oxide-
based catalysts for VOCs removal.
Figure (a) Influence of γ-Al2O3 metal oxide supported catalysts on the conversion of
toluene. (b) Lissajous figures with different catalyst packing
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 60
OP-19
Ceria nanoparticles synthesis through microplasma array
discharge method and its supercapacitor performance
assessment
E.R. Kavitha 1, S. Meiyazhagan 1, S. Yugeswaran 2, K. Suresh 1,*
1 Surface & Environmental Control Plasma Lab, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University,
Coimbatore–641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
2 Applied Thermal Plasma Laboratory, Department of Physics, Pondicherry University,
Puducherry–605014, India
* Corresponding Author Email: ksureshphy@buc.edu.in
Abstract
Ceria (CeO2), one of the rare earth materials, possess remarkable properties
imparting wide applications in various fields of energy, industry, medicine, environment,
information so on. In the present study microplasma array method is used for the
synthesis of ceria nanoparticles (NPs) from cerium nitrate precursor solution. Microplasma
plume was ignited with a high voltage ac power supply on the precursor solution using
Argon gas as the plasma medium. The high energetic electrons in the plasma plume
generate highly reactive metastable OH radicals, which further combine with electrons to
form OH- ions. Hence, the cerium ions in the electrolyte solution were easily hydrolyzed to
form ceria NPs. The crystalline structure, phase purity, size, shape and elemental
composition of the synthesized NPs were identified by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM,
TEM and EDAX analysis. The obtained results revealed the formation of pure cubic phase
CeO2 NPs with crystalline size of 3 nm and the formation of ceria NPs was also confirmed
through Raman spectroscopy. Agglomerated CeO2 nanoparticles of spherical shapes with
narrow size (about 4 nm) distributions were analyzed from SEM and TEM images. The
electrochemical performance of ceria NPs was investigated through cyclic voltammetry
analysis through an electrochemical workstation. The present study highlights the
synthesis of high yield ceria NPs through a single, rapid and amicable process without the
use of any extra chemicals and treatments for the application of a three-electrode
supercapacitor system.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 61
OP-20
Study of addition of aluminum on electrochemical features of
low-reflectivity TiAlN coatings
Aida M. Echavarría1, Hernán D. Mejía V1, Gilberto Bejarano G1
1 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales – CIDEMAT, Facultad de
Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
* Corresponding Author Email:: aida.echavarria@udea.edu.co
Abstract:
Different surface treatments have been use to improve the corrosion resistance of
surgical instruments that are repeatedly subjected to sterilization processes. TiAlN coating
is proposed to decrease the reflectivity of metallic instruments, that can affect the field of
vision of surgeons during medical procedures, but without neglecting the protective
properties of the steels from which they are manufactured. According to the above, in this
work a low reflectivity coating of TiAlN was deposited on AISI 420 steel, by direct-current
unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique, measuring reflectivity by ultraviolet-visible
spectroscopy. During the deposition process, a variation in the aluminum content was
made, to evaluate its influence on the electrochemical properties of the material.
Morphological features of the coatings were analyzed using transmission (TEM), scanning
electron (SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopies. Chemical composition and phases
formation were evaluated by through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction techniques. Electrochemical
properties were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and
potentiodynamic polarization. The increase in the aluminum content led to denser
structures and the formation of TiN, AlN and Al2O3 phases, which contributed to the
decrease in the reflectivity of the coatings by 60%, and in turn to a current density of two
orders of magnitude lower than AISI 420 steel, also exhibiting more positive potentials
than this, and guaranteeing greater resistance to corrosion of this substrate.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 62
OP-21
Study on Cold Plasma Treatment for Improving the Shelf Life of
Soya Chunks in Food Industry
Thirumalaisamy Anupriyanka 1, Gurusamy Shanmugavelayutham 1,*
1 Plasma Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore- 641046,
Tamil Nadu, India
* Corresponding Author Email: sgsvelu@buc.edu.in
Abstract
Food safety is a critical public health issue for consumers and the food industry
because microbiological contamination of food causes considerable social and economic
burdens on health care. Dry food systems with low water activity are often susceptible to
fungal contamination and their safety remains a challenge for processors. Compared to
several conventional and non-thermal approaches (for example, UV light, gamma
irradiation, pulsed light), cold plasma treatments act rapidly against molds, require low
energy input, and have a relatively milder impact on quality. Cold plasma treatment is a
promising intervention in food processing to boost product safety and extend the shelf-life.
The activated chemical species of cold plasma act rapidly against micro-organisms at
ambient temperatures without leaving any known chemical residues. The present work is
to modify the surface of soya chunks by using DC glow discharge plasma to prevent the
fungus and to extend the shelf life. The preliminary studies were carried out for shelf-life
extension and quality retention of foods by cold plasma treatment. Yeast and mold for
untreated and plasma treated soya chunks at different plasma treatment time were
observed. The proximate composition analysis and untreated and plasma treated were
studied for improvement of shelf life of soya chunks.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 63
OP-22
Effect of reduced electric field on toluene dissociation in a
rotating gliding arc discharge: A simulation study
Ananthanarasimhan J 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1,*
1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012
* Corresponding Author Email: narayana.rao@gmail.com
Abstract
This work investigates the effect of reduced electric field on dissociation of toluene
diluted in N2 plasma, in a rotating gliding arc discharge. The study is performed by
simulating the entire known plasma-chemical kinetics processes of various species using
CHEMICAL WORKBENCH. Towards this a mechanism is developed, where in, about 200+
reactions are added, which includes all the electronic type and chemical processes of N2,
toluene and their dissociated species. The developed mechanism is also validated with a
literature work reported for pulsed glow discharge plasma. In this work, simulation was
carried out for toluene concentration of 200 and 400 ppmV. The results reveal that, the
conversion at less residence time of order ≈ms needs reduced electric field of > 60 Td.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 64
OP-23
Plasma assisted Hopcalite (CuMnOx) catalysis for toluene removal
in an air stream
S. Sonar 1,2,*, J.-M.Giraudon 1, S.K.P.Veerapandian 2, J.-F. Lamonier, R. Morent 2,
N. De Geyter 2, A.Löfberg 1
1 UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France
2 Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent,
Belgium
* Corresponding Author Email: shilpasonar01@gmail.com
Abstract
There is widespread concern about air pollution caused by volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) such as toluene, which are harmful to human health and are emitted
primarily from different industries and automobile exhaust emissions. Among various VOC
abatement methods, non-thermal plasma (NTP) stands as an out- standing technology due
to its wide adaptability and fast reaction time under ambient conditions. However, using
NTP alone causes the formation of some unwanted by-products, low CO2 selectivity and
high energy consumption. Recently, a new technique is being developed consisting of a
sequential adsorption plasma catalysis (APC) process. It offers an innovative approach to
solve the problem of VOCs pollution, especially when VOC is present in low concentrations.
The main advantages of an APC system are: operating at ambient temperature and
atmospheric pressure, the improvement of the CO2 selectivity, the suppression of by-
products formation and finally, low energy consumption.
In this study, the APC system is divided into two steps: i) toluene from dry air is
adsorbed on the ad- sorbent and/or catalyst in the absence of plasma; ii) without the use
of external heat, catalytic reactions are initiated by the plasma. The synergetic effect of the
combination of catalyst and plasma resulted in the rapid oxidation of VOC. In this way,
the energy consumption occurs only during the second step. For an APC system, material
need to be bifunctional, i.e act as adsorbent with good adsorption capacity and as catalysts
with good redox properties. Hopcalite (CuMnOx) is a porous amorphous material well
known for total oxidation reactions (CO, VOC). Thus, Hopcalite can be an effective
candidate as a bifunctional material in an APC process, serving as an adsorbant in the
storage phase and as a catalyst in the NTP discharge.
In this work, Hopcalite is used (2 g) for the removal of toluene (500 ppm) from dry
air (0.2 L.min-1) by an APC process. We report the influence of different process parameters
such as the effect of toluene storage time spans (t1) and of NTP discharge power (P) on the
performances of the APC process in terms of catalytic and energetic performances (Figure
1). These parameters influence product selectivity and yield by changing the interactions
between the catalyst and the plasma species. The optimized experimental conditions lead
to a good CO2 selectivity (80-90 %), CO2 yield (71-79 %) and low energy cost (3.6 kWhm-3).
Furthermore, the process was repeated several times on the same material in order to
study the stability of Hopcalite. Different characterizations (such as XPS, XRD, and
Raman) on fresh and used Hopcalite have been performed which con- firmed the excellent
stability of the material.
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 65
The results pave the way for the use of the APC technique for environmental
applications to remove low concentrations of pollutants from air.
Figure 1: Schematic diagram of sequential adsorption plasma catalysis (APC) for toluene
abatement.
*****************
C6H5CH3 + 18O 7CO2 + 4H2O
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 66
OP-24
Enrichment of Hydroponic Farming by Paw Spray Gliding Arc
Plasma Generator
Khanit Matra 1,*, Yottana Tanakaran 1, Suthida Theepharaksapan 2,
Vijitra Luang-In 3
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Srinakharinwirot University,
Ongkharak, Nakhonnayok, 26120, Thailand
2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Srinakharinwirot
University, Nakhonnayok, 26120, Thailand
3 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University,
Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
* Corresponding Author Email: khanit@g.swu.ac.th
Abstract
Gliding arc has been one of the most well-known plasma generators due to its ability
to generate energetic electrons, ions, excited atoms, and molecules at the atmospheric
environment. These species, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactive nitrogen
species (RNS), are beneficial for biomedical and agricultural applications. In this time, the
effect of non-thermal air plasma on hydroponic farming has been proposed. A gliding arc
plasma generator was designed for plasma activated water (PAW) spray generation, as
shown in Fig. 1a). A PAW spray was operated at 36 kHz at 8, 10, and 12 kV by a custom-
made AC high voltage power supply. Four hydroponic plots were treated by PAW spray at
different conditions for 10 minutes, 3 times a day for 9 days. The experiments were
triplicated for each plot. The experimental results presented that the plasma-treated
hydroponic plots had a better growth rate than the controlled group. The best condition
was found in the PAW spray generated at 8 kV source voltage, which could obtain the
longest average height and width of sprouts, 11 and 10 cm, respectively, as illustrated in
Fig.1b). Moreover, its average dried weight was also significantly greater than that of the
controlled group for 1.28 grams. It was found that the organic matters in water were
improved by plasma treatment. The highest contents of O2 and N2 were found in the PAW
spray generated at the source voltage of 10 and 8 kV, respectively, which were more than
that of the controlled group for 2.40 and 2.67 times, respectively. Moreover, the electrical
conductivity, pH, and COD could be improved by air plasma. It could be confirmed that
the plasma treatment could be effectively applied for hydroponic farming, and the PAW
spray generated by gliding arc plasma generator could enhance the amount of organic
matter in treated-water, which is essential for plant growth stimulation.
a)
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 67
b)
ig. 1 (a) The schematic drawing of PAW spray gliding arc plasma generator, and (b)
comparison image of green oak sprout between the control plot and the plot spayed by
PAW generated at 8 kV.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 68
OP-25
Post-harvest decontamination of rocket leaves through plasma
activated water (PAW): effects on quality and shelf-life
Giorgia Gozzi 1, Beatrice Cellini 1, Romolo Laurita 3, Silvia Tappi 1,2, Doaa
Abouelenein 4, Sauro Vittori 4, Vittorio Colombo 2,5, Pietro Rocculi 1,2, Marco Dalla
Rosa 1,2, Lucia Vannini 1,2
1 Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich, 60,
Cesena FC, Italy
2 Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, via Q. Bucci
336, Cesena, FC, Italy
3 Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Via Saragozza 8, Bologna,
Italy dSchool of Farmacy, University of Camerino, Italy
4 School of Farmacy, University of Camerino, Italy
5 Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research for Advanced Mechanics and Materials,
University of Bologna, Via Saragozza 8 Bologna Italy
* Corresponding Author Email: giorgia.gozzi2@unibo.it
Abstract
Ready-to-eat vegetables offer great advantages to consumers due to their nutritional
value and convenience, although they are an ideal substrate for microbial growth. Rocket
(E. sativa) is appreciated by consumers for its pleasant bitter flavor and its high content of
vitamins C and K, Calcium, fibers and glucosinolates. The major post-harvest problems of
rocket are wilting, senescence and microbial spoilage which limits its shelf-life. Also
decontamination from pathogenic microorganisms is a critical aspect for food safety. In
the food industry, fresh rocket is usually washed with chlorine sanitizers (e.g. NaOCl,
ClO2) to limit degradative processes and the microbial growth. However, this procedure
releases on the rocket leaves several by-products including chloramines which are
potentially harmful to human health.
Plasma Activated Water (PAW), obtained by exposing water to cold plasma
discharges, could be an alternative method for the decontamination of fresh rocket. In this
contest, the aim of this study was to use PAW for the decontamination of fresh rocket
leaves to extend their shelf-life without affecting their quality characteristics.
PAW was generated with distilled water exposed to a Microsecond Pulsed Corona
device for 4 minutes. Subsequently, rocket leaves were washed with PAW for 2, 5, 10 and
20 min then dried and finally stored at 4°C up to 10 days in PP bags under ordinary
atmosphere. The load of spoilage microbiota on rocket salad treated with PAW was
compared to those washed with sodium hypochlorite solution (100 ppm). Also, the effects
of PAW washing on product quality traits were evaluated by measuring pH, color
parameters and the content of some bioactive compounds.
Data showed that PAW resulted in an immediate reduction of 1-1.5 log CFU/g for
the target microbial groups. Sodium hypochlorite, which is the reference sanitizer,
exhibited a similar efficacy to the PAW against mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria,
while its activity against Enterobacteriaceae was higher than PAW. During storage at 4°C,
cell loads of the spoilage microbiota increased suggesting that survivors were able to repair
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 69
damages. However, the same trend was detected also for rocket samples washed with
sodium hypochlorite. Moreover, minimal variations in the qualitative parameters were
observed. Overall, these results showed that PAW can be a promising innovative post-
harvest treatment to preserve perishable foods such as ready to eat vegetables.
The present work is part of the research activities developed within the project
“PLASMAFOOD - Study and optimization of cold atmospheric plasma treatment for food
safety and quality improvement” founded by MIUR - Ministero dell’Istruzione
dell’Università e della Ricerca – PRIN Progetti di Ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale,
Bando 2017.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 70
OP-26
Solvation of Gaseous Nitrous Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Ozone
in the Bulk Water
Mostafa Elsayed Hassan 1, Mário Janda and Zdenko Machala 1*
1 Division of Environmental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius
University, Mlynská Dolina, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
* Corresponding Author Email: machala@fmph.uniba.sk
Abstract
Atmospheric air plasmas created in contact with water generate “plasma-activated
water” (PAW) containing various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), e.g.,
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) anions, and ozone (O3), as well
as other shortlived species. It has been reported by several groups that the PAW solutions
are effective in killing and inactivating bacteria, having potential applications in
biomedicine. PAW is considered as an example of the outcome of plasma-liquid interaction,
where the RONS from plasma are transported into the water. The solvation potential of
gases into liquids is given by Henry’s law solubility coefficient 𝑘𝐻 which describes the
solubility of the gas species in liquids, e.g., water. Plasma long-lived RONS: H2O2, HNO2,
and O3 have 𝑘𝐻 of ≈ 9 × 102, 4.8 × 10−1, and 10−4 mol m3 ⁄ Pa, respectively. It means that
the solubility of RONS generated in the gas phase varies markedly and even if their gaseous
concentrations are equal, concentrations achievable in the aqueous phase differ
significantly. The transport mechanism of HNO2, H2O2, and O3 into the bulk water is
investigated here. The comparison of highly soluble H2O2 with the medium and weakly
soluble HNO2 and O3 species can lead to a better understanding of the transport
mechanism of gaseous RONS into the water and will enable optimization of the plasma-
liquid interaction systems. The concentration of the transported HNO2 into the water as
(NO2-) is measured using the UV-Vis absorption spectroscopic technique. In the gas phase,
HNO2 is partially decomposed into NO and NO2 (NOx). The concentration of HNO2 and NOx
in the gas phase is measured using electrochemical gas sensors and the UV-Vis absorption
spectroscopic technique. Due to the transport of HNO2 into the water (aqueous phase),
there is a depletion in the gas phase. The theoretical highest decrease of HNO2
concentration in the gas is determined by Henry’s law coefficient. It was found out that the
measured concentration of HNO2 in the bulk water is 3 orders of magnitude higher than
that of O3. This result corresponds to the ratio of HNO2 and O3 Henry’s law coefficients.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 71
OP-27
Development of Atmospheric Plasma Spary Coatings of Rare
Earth Phosphates on Graphite Substrate
S. Bhandari 1,2, N. Tiwari 2, Y. Chakravarthy 2, V. Chaturvedi Misra 2, S Ghorui 1,2,
T. Mahata 1,3
1 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, INDIA
2 Laser & Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, INDIA
3 Powder Metallurgy Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai- 400085, INDIA
* Corresponding Author Email: subhb@barc.gov.in
Abstract
Rare earth (RE) phosphates are considered to be protective coating material for
thermal insulation and high temperature corrosion application by virtue of its unique
properties like chemical inertness, low thermal conductivity and high melting point. Some
of the rare earth phosphates are found to be highly compatible with molten uranium.
Present paper focuses on the development of RE phosphate coatings with the immediate
targeted application of molten containment of and a possible extension of nuclear waste
handling. The present paper also reports a complete process for synthesis of thermal spray
grade powders of YPO4 and plasma spray deposition. YPO4 were synthesized from the
yttrium oxides by reaction with orthophospheric acid. X-ray diffraction, FTIR and Raman
spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized powder. As synthesized powder
was then converted to plasma spray grade powder. The optimized plasma spray deposition
process parameters have been obtained using CFD simulation study. Plasma spray
deposition was done on graphite coupons. Plasma sprayed coating was investigated using
scanning electron microscope and EDAX. Results reveal that good quality YPO4 coating
can be developed using atmospheric plasma spray process.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 72
OP-28
Studies on the development of rare earth silicate-based
environmental barrier coatings by plasma spraying
S. Senthil Kumar 1, N. Balaji 1, Easwari Padma1, S.T. Aruna 1,*
1 Surface Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Aerospace
Laboratories, HAL Airport Road, Bengaluru-560017, India
* Corresponding Author Email: aruna_reddy@nal.res.in
Abstract
Currently, there is a great interest in replacing the hot sections of gas turbine
engines made of heavy cobalt- or nickel-based superalloys with SiC/SiC ceramic matrix
composites (CMCs). However, a major concern is the sensitivity of Si-based ceramics to the
combustion environment as the protective silica scale greatly interacts with hot water
vapor to form gaseous silicon hydroxides, resulting in catastrophic erosion of CMCs.
Furthermore, the CMCs suffer from severe hot corrosion in molten salt and calcium
magnesium aluminum silicate. To protect the CMC based turbine materials from the above
issues, silicate based environmental barrier coating coatings (EBCs) possessing corrosion-
resistant properties at high temperatures must be enforced on them. The present study
reports the preliminary studies carried out on the preparation and characterization of Yb-
2Si2O7 and Y2Si2O7 powders and plasma sprayed coatings for EBC application. The main
emphasis is on the synthesis of Yb2Si2O7 and Y2Si2O7 flowable powders and plasma
spraying of the powders.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 73
OP-29
Computational modeling on Cu-Ni alloy evaporation in DC free
burning arc plasma
G D Dhamale 1,*, Subrat Kumar Das 1 , Satya Prakash Reddy Kandada 1,2,
R. Abiyazhini 3, K. Ramachandran 3, C Balasubramanian 1,2
1 Atmospheric Plasma Division, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India-382016
2Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India-400085
3Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India-641046
* Corresponding Author Email: gayatri.dhamale@ipr.res.in
Abstract
Cu-Ni alloy is an industrially important alloy material as it possess good corrosion
resistant property and has high mechanical strength. Additionally, this alloy material at
nano dimensions has further enhanced properties. DC free burning arc plasma is one of
the techniques used for nanomaterial synthesis by evaporating the anode (or workpiece)
material2,3. To predict the process of nanoparticle formation and optimization of the
process parameters, knowledge of plasma generation is not enough. The process of
plasma-electrode interaction and energy transfer from arc to anode material is also an
essential part to study the workpiece evaporation4. The relative ratio of Cu and Ni in the
alloy is crucial in deciding the various properties. During plasma synthesis, this ratio is
decidedly influenced by the evaporation rate of anode feed materials. Present work
underlines a possible reasoning for final composition obtained for Cu-Ni nanoparticles
synthesized in a free burning arc reactor. Here we reports a two dimensional, axi-
symmetric, steady state computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of a free burning
arc setup involving arc-electrode interaction for CuNi alloy workpiece. Alloy material with
nickel at 95 atomic percent and copper at 5 atomic percent is taken as the precursor. An
interaction of free burning arc plasma with anode is presented. An energy equation solved
in solid anode mainly consists of the heat generation due to thermal conduction and Joule
heating effect. For this, a current continuity between the arc and anode is modeled in the
present simulation. Study discusses a temperature distribution obtained from CFD
simulation in the anode material and its influence on evaporation rates of the copper and
nickel from its precursor. Simultaneous experimental study shows a drastic dissimilarity
in final composition of the alloy nanoparticles from its precursor. Results are discussed in
the light of the differences in vapor pressure of alloying elements including diverse
thermophysical properties of them.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 74
OP-30
Radical Generation in Interaction of Thermal Plasma Jet of Air
with Water
N. Tiwari 1, V. C. Misra 1,2, S. Bhandari 1,2, Y.C. Chakraborty 1, S. Ghorui 1,2
1 Laser & Plasma technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-
400085
2Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094
* Corresponding Author Email: subhb@barc.gov.in
Abstract
The study attempts understanding the salient features of interaction of thermal
plasma jet of air with water under different operating conditions. Plasma jet emanating
from thermal plasma torches is first characterized for it gas phase kinetics through Optical
Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and fast photography diagnostics. Species generated in the
plasma jet are identified using OES. Temperature of the plasma jet is measured using
Boltzman Plot Technique. Simulated spectra generated from LIFBASE software matched
with experimental spectra for second positive series of nitrogen provided rotational
temperature of the air plasma. Images were recorded using high speed camera and
analysed using image analysis software. Intensity contours plotted for the plasma jet image
gave details about vivid internal structure in the plasma jet. Interaction of thermal plasma
jet with water generates different radicals and affects PH level of water. Concentration of
NOx in the water is measured using standard test strip.PH level of water is measured using
PH meter. Significant concentration of radicals measured and it has been observed that
PH value increases with time of plasma treatment. Obtained results may be very useful in
waste water treatment.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 75
OP-31
Efficient electron acceleration in vacuum by using trapezoidal
laser pulse envelope
A.K. Pramanik 1, Niti Kant 1, Jyoti Rajput 1,*
1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144411,
India
* Corresponding Author Email: jyoti_physics@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
In the present paper, we have investigated efficient electron acceleration by using
trapezoidal laser pulse envelope in vacuum. MeV electrons have been injected axially to
the front of a trapezoidal short laser pulse. In all calculations, the front end of each pulse
is presumed to have caught up with the electron at t = 0 at the coordinate origin. The
dynamics arise from analytic and numerical solutions to the relativistic Newton-Lorentz
equations of motion of electron in the field of the pulse. Electron energy gain have been
calculated for initial laser phase varying from 0° to 360°. In one case 5𝜋 6 ⁄ is the optimizing
phase for 0 ≤ 𝜂 ≤ 5𝜋 and in other two cases 5𝜋 ≤ 𝜂 ≤ 25𝜋 and 25𝜋 ≤ 𝜂 ≤ 30𝜋, 𝜋 6 ⁄ is the
optimizing phase. For the optimum set of laser parameters, we have observed electron
energy gain up to GeVs.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 76
OP-32
Combined effect of spatio-temporal dynamics of laser pulse on
electron acceleration in relativistic plasma
Proxy Kad 1,*, Arvinder Singh1
1 Department of physics, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar-144011,
Punjab, India
* Corresponding Author Email: proxykad59@gmail.com
Abstract
This paper presents the spatial and temporal dynamics of high power Gaussian
laser pulse in relativistic plasma. At higher intensities, the self-focusing and self-
compression of laser pulse take place due to the variation in the mass of plasma electrons
moving with speed comparable to the speed of light. The two non-linear coupled differential
equations for spatial and temporal pulse width parameters have been obtained using the
moment theory approach. These equations have been solved numerically using Runga-
Kutta method. The variation in the spatial and temporal pulse width parameters with the
distance of propagation are then used to calculate the energy gained by the electrons,
which are trapped by the excited electron plasma wave during laser-plasma interaction. It
is predicted that spatio-temporal dynamics play an important role in electron acceleration
in relativistic plasma.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 77
OP-33
Fluid Modeling of Plasma Formed via Microwave Gas Discharge in
a Cavity Resonator at Low Pressures by Comsol Multiphysics
Software
Hadi Yusefnejad 1, Mohammad Kazem Salem 2, Mahmood Ghoranneviss 3*, Hadi
Zaker Khatir 4
1 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Tehran, Iran
* Corresponding Author Email: ghoranneviss@gmail.com
Abstract
Microwave discharge in gases under various physical and technical conditions is a
well-known and much-studied problem. Cavity resonators are widely used in microwave
filters and multiplexers due to their high-quality factors and high power handling
capabilities. Microwave argon discharge in cavity filter under different pressures and input
power in room temperature is investigated numerically. In this paper, we studied the effect
of input power and gas pressure on microwave discharge characteristics and power
handling in cavity resonators. In off-mode, the resonance frequency was 2.3 [GHz] with a
1.5 [dB] loss. By increasing input power the GDT turned ON and introduced a significant
loss. Increasing P_in, resulted in higher n_e and thus larger conductivity and higher loss.
Results showed that increasing the gas pressure led to an increase in the n_emax,
T_emax, collisional power loss, ionization rate and discharge time. We find that breakdown
time is about 1.5 [ns].
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 78
OP-34
The effect of rotating strongly coupled magnetized Quantum
plasma on gravitational instability
K Gwala 1, A K Patidar 2, R K Pensia 3 and H. Joshi 4
1 Department of Physics, Pacific University Udaipur, (Raj)313003 India
2 Department of Physics, Govt. PG. College Mandsaur, (MP) 458001 India
3 Department of Physics, Govt Girls P G College, Neemuch (MP) 458441, India
4 Department of Physics, Govt Girls P G College, Ujjain (MP) 456001, India
* Corresponding Author Email: kratigwala28@gmail.com
Abstract:
We have investigated in this paper, the gravitational instability criterion is modified
by rotating strongly coupled magnetized quantum plasma. In parallel mode gravitational
Instability is modified by quantum plasma. In perpendicular mode gravitational instability
criterion modified in the presence of magnetic field, rotation, and quantum plasma.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 79
OP-35
Computational optimization of plasma parameters for plasma
surface modification of Titanium for dental implant
Bivek Pradhan1*, Utpal Deka1
Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, Sikkim -737136,
India
* Corresponding Author Email: bivekpradhan66@gmail.com
Abstract
The plasma surface treatment of titanium is found to increase the osseointegration
time in past researches and has found to be a very efficient method. This paper presents
a theoretical background for the surface treatment of the Ti as bioimplant. The effect of
ion flux and emission of secondary electron from the wall of titanium surface forms a
plasma sheath, henceforth efficiency of plasma sheath in controlling the flow of heat from
plasma to the titanium metal is studied for bone implant osseointegration. Here we have
used N2 plasma which hits the titanium surface at appropriate temperature such that wall
emits secondary electrons. This study is done via considering a 1D fluid model with
electrons and ions generating a flux relation which is solved numerically. The comparison
between hot plasma(α=1) and cold plasma(α=0.001) for surface treatment of titanium is
studied and have calculated the time required to reach the bond energy of 4.94eV for Ti-N
bond formation.
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21
Poster Contributions
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 80
PP-01
Effects of Multi-hollow Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Plasma Treatment on Detoxification of Aflatoxins on Peanut
Seeds
Gebremedhin Gebremariam 1
1 Department of Food Process Engineering and Postharvest Technology, Ambo University, Ambo,
Ethiopia.
* Corresponding Author Email: 3gebre24@gmail.com
Abstract
The objective of this research was to assess the decontamination efficiency multi-
hollow surface dielectric barrier discharge treatment on aflatoxins of peanuts. Levels
aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) in peanut seeds after the cold plasma treatment were
measured by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence
detector and compared to untreated peanuts. Results indicate that the total number of
aflatoxins were reduced by 98.4% from treatment (10L/min for 7 min). Moreover. The
results suggest that multi-hollow surface dielectric barrier discharge technology is a
promising method for aflatoxin detoxification in peanut and other food products.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 81
PP-02
Aiding curative remediation of biodeteriorated archival paper
using oxygen plasma
Salgo Merin Ricki Elenjikamalil 1, Gauree A. Arolkar 2,3, R.R. Deshmukh 2,
Varsha Kelkar-Mane 1, *
1 Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400098, India
2 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India
3 Department of General Engineering, Terna Engineering College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706,
India
* Corresponding Author Email: drvkelkar@mu.ac.in
Abstract
Plasma technology is an innovative environment friendly process that can be an
alternative measure to aid the conventional methods for conservation and restoration of
archival material. Deterioration of archival documents is attributed to several
environmental causes such as microbial contamination, effect of environment, humidity
and temperature. The main aim of this study was to use oxygen plasma treatment to
achieve a reduction if not complete removal of microbial contamination from paper
substrates to be used as a method for conservation and restoration of archival material. In
the study a fixed number of fungi and bacteria were spread on paper substrates and were
subjected to the oxygen plasma treatment. The reduction in microbial load was
subsequently determined. The reduction in microbial load due to the oxygen plasma
treatments were compared as a function of power and time. The effect of oxygen plasma
on treated/untreated papers were characterized using Scanning electron microscopy and
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy by attenuated total reflectance. The FTIR results
indicated that the plasma treatment did not adversely affect the paper surface. The
cleaning of paper using oxygen plasma treatment was successfully carried out. This study
recommends use of oxygen plasma at 60W for 5 mins for complete abatement of micro-organisms from the paper surface.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 82
PP-03
Excitation of electron plasma wave by self-focused cosh-Gaussian
laser beam in collisionless plasma and electron accelerations
Gunjan Purohit 1,*, Bineet Gaur 1, Pradeep Kothiyal 2
1 Department of Physics, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand-248001, India
2 Department of Mathematics, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand-248001, India
* Corresponding Author Email: gunjan75@gmail.com
Abstract
The excitation of electron plasma wave by an intense short laser pulse is relevant to
electron acceleration process in laser plasma interaction. In this work, self-focusing of an
intense cosh-Gaussian laser beam in collissionless plasma have been studied in the
presence of relativistic and ponderomotive nonlinearities. Further, the effect of self-
focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam on the excitation of electron plasma wave as well as
electron acceleration have been explored. This study has been carried out under
nonparaxial-ray approximation, where the eikonal and nonlinear dielectric constant are
expanded up to fourth power of r (r is the distance from the axis of beam). Analytical
expressions for the beam width parameters and intensity of cosh-Gaussian laser beam as
well as electron plasma wave have been set up and solved numerically. The energy of the
accelerated electrons has also been obtained. Strong self-focusing of the cosh-Gaussian
laser beam in plasmas excites a large amplitude electron plasma wave, which further
accelerate the electrons. The well-established laser and plasma parameters have been
taken in numerical computation. The results have been compared with paraxial ray
approximation, Gaussian profile of laser beam and only with relativistic nonlinearity.
Numerical results show that the focusing of cosh-Gaussian laser beam, the amplitude of
electron plasma wave, and energy gain by electrons enhances in non-paraxial region, when
relativistic and ponderomotive nonlinearities are simultaneously operative. In addition, it
is also observed that the electron plasma wave is operated more efficiently by the cosh-
Gaussian laser beam than Gaussian laser beam, which accelerate the plasma electrons to
higher energies.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 83
PP-04
Pulsed plasma electrolytic oxidation as strategy to produce
optical selective surfaces
Richelly Nayhene de Lima 1, Jussier de Oliveira Vitoriano 2,
Clodomiro Alves-Junior 1,2,*
1 Postgraduation program in materials science and engineering, Federal Rural University of
Semiarid, 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil.
2 Postgraduation program in Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do
Norte,59078-970, Natal, Brazil
* Corresponding Author Email: clodomiro.jr@ufersa.edu.br
Abstract
Porous alumina (PA) films have been investigated and utilized in numerous areas
including drug delivery, sensors and biosensors, molecular separation and energy
generation and storage. Coletores solares de elevado desempenho são aqueles em que as
suas superfícies apresentam elevada seletividade, absorvendo praticamente toda radiação
solar incidente e não a reemitindo termicamente ao ambiente externo. Neste trabalho, nós
utilizamos oxidação por plasma eletrolítico produzida por tensão pulsada (PPEO) para
produzir superfícies porosas, de maneira controlada, em alumínio. O controle da
porosidade se fez pela variação da largura de pulso (Ton) e tempo de tratamento, mantendo
constante o tempo de repetição do pulso (Toff). The microstructure and phase composition
of the films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction
(XRD). Using short pulses (Ton) with smaller time of treatment resulted in pores more
uniform size and higher density. These results positively influenced the reflectance and
thermal efficiency of the surfaces.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 84
PP-05
Influence of Aluminum Content on The Microstructure,
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialn Coatings
Hernán D. Mejía V 1,*, Mauricio A. Franco 1, 2, Gilberto Bejarano G 1
1 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales – CIDEMAT, Facultad de
Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
2 Grupo de Electromagnetismo Aplicado, Universidad EAFIT, Cra 49 No. 7 Sur-50, Medellín,
Colombia
* Corresponding Author Email: hdario.mejia@udea.edu.co,
Abstract
4140 steel is widely used in the manufacture of machinery and equipment parts
subject to oscillating loads, such as pumps, motor shafts and crankshafts, connecting
rods, spindles, axles, nuts, and bolts; of components of forming tools and dies such as
draw rings, and ejector pins; and of load transfer elements subjected to high torque and
contact stresses, such as pinions and gears used in the automotive, aeronautical, and
metal-mechanic industry. These manufactured items must withstand high loads and
operate under severe conditions, leading to the wear, corrosion, and deterioration of the
steel in relatively short times. To reduce wear and increase the hardness of this type of
steel, a TiAlN coating was developed, varying the power of the Al target to improve its
mechanical and tribological properties. The microstructure, and chemical and phase
composition, were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XDR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning and
transmission electron microscopy (SEM / TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
(EDX) and photoelectronic X-ray spectroscopy (XPS). Roughness was determined using
atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hardness and Young's modulus were evaluated by Knoop
micro indentation measurements. Finally, tribological properties were evaluated using the
ball-on-disk test method. It was found that, initially, hardness increases, and wear
coefficient decreases with the increase in the Al / Ti ratio (i.e., the increase in the
aluminum content), going from 9.7 to 17.2 GPa and from 2.7x10-6 to 1.7x10-6 mm3 / N.m,
respectively. Likewise, an improvement was observed in the resistance to cracking and
plastic deformation of the coatings. However, above an Al / Ti ratio of 0.83 the hardness
drops to 15.4 GPa and the wear coefficient increases to 6.5x10-6 mm3 / N.m, due to the
precipitation of the hexagonal AlN phase, which exhibits lower mechanical and tribological
properties than TiN and TiAlN. All coated samples exhibited higher hardness and wear
resistance than uncoated AISI 4140 steel.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 85
PP-06
Role of Kinetic Alfven Waves and Associated Turbulence
Generation in the Magnetotail Reconnection Region
Neha Pathak 1,*, S. C. Sharma 1, R.P. Sharma 1
1 Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India
2 Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
* Corresponding Author Email: npsneha90@gmail.com
Abstract
Turbulence plays a crucial role in space plasmas. There are lots of observation of
kinetic Alfven waves in the framework of turbulence and magnetic reconnection. The
present study is concerned with the role of ion scale localized structures in particle
acceleration in magnetotail reconnection sites. Here, we have derived the field evolution
equations of kinetic Alfven waves, taking into account the density modification and
magnetic field fluctuations. Moreover, numerical techniques and analytical model are used
to solve dynamical equations for magnetopause parameters. The main emphasis of the
present study is on the development of ion scale structures having the important role in
turbulence and energetic particle generation at reconnection sites.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 86
PP-07
Influence of Nitrogen Flow Variation on the Structural,
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Tialvn Coatings
Deposited by Dc Magnetron Sputtering
Francisco Giraldo 1,*, Gilberto Bejarano 1, Jhon J. Olaya 2
1 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales –CIDEMAT-, Universidad de
Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 N° 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
2 Engineering Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Colombia
* Corresponding Author Email: francisco.giraldom@udea.edu.co
Abstract
Titanium alloys such as Ti6Al4V are commonly used for the manufacture of
orthopedic and dental implants due to its high corrosion resistance, biocompatible
character, and low modulus of elasticity. However, its low hardness and resistance to wear
leads to a short life of the parts made of this alloy when it is subjected to friction conditions,
such is the case of joint implants. An alternative is plasma nitriding, which by diffusion of
nitrogen on the surface of the substrate forms different phases of titanium nitride,
increasing its hardness and resistance to wear. However, this surface treatment takes
place at temperatures higher than 650C and negatively influences the microstructure and
properties of the substrate. Additionally, it can generate deformations in the parts and
implants to be nitrided. The purpose of this research work was to deposit a nitride coating
of the same titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) to obtain a substrate surface with similar chemical,
microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties to that exhibited by the nitrided
titanium alloy substrate, and thus replace the thermochemical plasma nitriding treatment.
In this research, TiAlVN coatings were deposited on Ti6Al4V alloy substrates using an Ar
/ N2 mixture and varying the nitrogen gas flow to study its influence on the microstructure,
chemical and phase composition and on the mechanical and tribological properties of the
coated samples. The observations made by SEM and AFM showed a columnar growth of
the coatings that became denser with the increase of the N2 gas flow together with a
reduction of the roughness and the grain size. Microstructural measurements carried out
by TEM and XRD evidenced the formation of α-Ti and -Ti, as well as of the TiN phase with
FCC structure, very similar to those obtained by other researchers in plasma nitrided
titanium alloys. There is no evidence of the formation of phases such as VN, AlN. The
hardness of the Ti6Al4V coated samples increased from 4 GPa to 19.5 GPa with the
incorporation of nitrogen into the TiAlVN coating and the wear rate decreased by an order
of magnitude. All coatings showed greater hardness and wear resistance compared to
uncoated titanium alloy. These results suggest that the developed TiAlVN coatings exhibit
great potential for possible applications in the biomedical field, particularly for the coating
of orthopedic and dental implants, among others.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 87
PP-08
The effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on the
electrostatic properties of corona charged nonwoven filter media
M. F. Bekkara 1, 2, L. Dascalescu 1, T. Zeghloul 1, Y. Benmimoun 2, A. Tilmatine 3,
M. B Neagoe 1
1 Institut PPRIME, UPR 3346, CNRS - Université de Poitiers - ENSMA, IUT d’Angoulême, 4 Avenue
de Varsovie, 16021 Angoulême, France
2 LSTE Laboratory, Mustapha Stambouli University, Mascara, BP 305, 29000, Algeria
3 APELEC Laboratory, Djilalli Liabes University, Sidi Bel Abbes, 22000, Algeria
* Corresponding Author Email: fethi.bekkara@gmail.com
Abstract
Fibrous polymeric filter media are increasingly used for filtration and air pollution
control. The performance of these filters is very high when they are electrically charged by
corona effect because they can attract and capture submicron particles efficiently. The aim
of this work is to verify whether the surface treatment of the filter media with a dielectric
barrier discharge DBD plasma can improve the filter’s ability to be electrically charged by
corona. Thus, DBD parameters such as voltage level, frequency of excitation signal and
duration of exposure to DBD were studied. Samples of filter media were charged by corona
before and after DBD treatment; then, a measurement of the filter surface electrical
potential was carried out using an electrostatic probe. The results showed that the DBD
surface treatment of the filter media before corona charging strongly improves the filter
electrostatic properties, provided that a certain threshold of plasma energy is not exceeded.
Corona current density study and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the
filter showed that the improvement was due to the elimination of the back-corona
discharge phenomenon by an increase in the wettability of the filter media.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 88
PP-09
A Study on Sagdeev Pseudo Potential and Electrostatic Potential
of Solitons in Four Component magnetized Dusty Plasma.
Mythili Kailas 1, Pavithra T 1, K. Raghavi 1, L. Kavitha 1
1 Department of physics, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, central university of Tamil Nadu,
Thiruvarur 610101, India
* Corresponding Author Email: mythukailas@gmail.com
Abstract
The Nonlinear dynamics and its wide range of applications in laboratory plasma and
space plasma has increased the curiosity of Researchers. In short span of time, solitons
have become the major interest of Physicists. We investigate the nonlinear profile of
plasmonic solitons with four components consisting of hot electrons, cold electrons, hot
ions and hot protons. In this framework, a couple of equations of motion is derived by
invoking Reductive Perturbation Technique and the resultant m-KdV is solved by Sine
Cosine Method. Here, we analyze the effect of Sagdeev Pseudo Potential and its variation
with different system parameters and the characterstics of solitons are found. Further, the
relation between electrostatic potential and Sagdeev Pseudo Potential is elucidated with
Mach Number.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 89
PP-10
Thin film solar cells materials modification by ion irradiation in
inductively coupled plasma reactor
Krunoslav Juraić 1, Mario Bohač 1, Nikša Krstulović 2, Davor Gracin 1
1 Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
2 Institute of physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
* Corresponding Author Email: kjuraic@irb.hr
Abstract
Thin films of metal oxides such as TiO2, ZnO and SnO2 have application in
photovoltaic devices (solar cells) because of very good optical and electrical properties. They
are transparent in the visible part of the spectrum and have improved electrical
conductivity if they are doped. For example, ZnO:Al and SnO2:F (transparent conductive
oxides) are widely used as front electrode in thin-film solar cells, for example, amorphous
silicon solar cells. Nanostructured TiO2 thin films are used as a hole transport layer in new
generation solar cells: dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells.
Structural, optical and electrical properties of metal oxide thin films can be
improved by various postdeposition treatment such as thermal treatment, chemical and
physical etching. In this work, we will present results of metal oxides thin films
modification by irradiation with ions produced in inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactor
and additionally accelerated by the DC bias voltage.
Series of nanostructured TiO2, ZnO and SnO2 thin film samples prepared by
magnetron sputtering will be irradiated by various ions (H,He, Ar,…) produced by RF
discharge in ICP reactor and accelerated with bias voltage in a wide range. Obtained
structural, optical and electrical modifications will be characterized by scanning-electron
microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS spectroscopy
(transmittance and reflectance) and electrical conductivity measurements.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 90
PP-11
Large amplitude ion acoustic Solitary waves in multicomponent
warm ion quantum plasma with degenerate electrons
Kishan Kumar 1, M. K. Mishra1,
1 Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur -302004, India
* Corresponding Author Email: kishanjindal08@gmail.com
Abstract
A multicomponent degenerate quantum plasma comprising of non-degenerate
warm light nuclei, stationary heavy nuclei and relativistically degenerate electrons is
considered to study the large amplitude ion acoustic solitary waves (IASWs). The Sagdeev’s
pseudo-potential approach has been adopted for existence of large amplitude IASs and the
Mach number domain ( ) Ml M Mh is determined numerically in term of various plasma
parameters. Here the upper limit of Mach number is found at M 1. It is seen that only
compressive (positive pulse) solitary waves can propagate in present plasma system. The
effect of different plasma parameters such as electron to ion number density ( e ),
degenerate electron density ( k ), relativistic factor ( ), temperature ratio ( ) and Mach
number ( M ) on the basic property of solitary wave are also determined. The corresponding
phase trajectory is also drawn in the existing domain. Our result may be helpful to
understand the basic characteristic of nonlinear solitary waves propagating in
astrophysical object such as white dwarfs and neutrons stars.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 91
PP-12
Effects of transverse electric and magnetic fields on THz
generation by laser filaments in the collisional plasma
Sandeep Kumar 1
1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T. Road, Phagwara 144411, Punjab,
India
* Corresponding Author Email: sanphymagic@gmail.com
Abstract
We proposed a novel scheme of terahertz (THz) generation from laser filaments in
collisional plasma in the presence of static electric and magnetic fields. The static electric
and magnetic fields are applied perpendicular to each other as well as to the direction of
propagation of lasers. The generation of THz waves is due to the coupling between various
nonlinear terms like nonlinear velocity and density of plasma electrons. This nonlinear
coupling also results in the enhancement of nonlinear current density which further leads
to the enhanced resonant THz waves. The applied external magnetic and electric fields also
provides enhancement in the transverse components of nonlinear current.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 92
PP-13
Rotational properties of annulus dusty plasma in a strong
magnetic field
Mangilal Choudhary 1, *, Roman Bergert 2, Sandra Moritz 2, Slobodan Mitic 2,
Markus H. Thoma 2
1 Institute of Advanced Research, The University for Innovation, Koba, Gandhinagar, 382426,
India
2 I.Physikalisches Institut, Justus–Liebig Universita¨t Giessen, Henrich–Buff–Ring 16, D 35392
Giessen.
* Corresponding Author Email: mangilal.choudhary@iar.ac.in
Abstract
The collective dynamics of an annulus dusty plasma formed between a co-centric
conducting (non-conducting) disk and ring configuration is studied in a strongly
magnetized radio-frequency (rf) discharge. A superconducting electromagnet is used to
introduce a homogeneous magnetic field to the dusty plasma medium. In absence of the
magnetic field, the dust grains exhibit thermal motion around their equilibrium position.
The dust grains start to rotate in anticlockwise direction with increasing magnetic field (B
> 0.02 T), and the constant value of the angular frequency at various strengths of the
magnetic field confirms the rigid body rotation. The angular frequency of dust grains
linearly increases up to a threshold magnetic field (B > 0.6 T) and after that its value
remains nearly constant in a certain range of magnetic field. Further increase in magnetic
field (B > 1 T) lowers the angular frequency. Low value of the angular frequency is expected
by reducing the width of the annulus dusty plasma or the input rf power. The azimuthal
ion drag force due to the magnetic field is assumed to be the energy source which drives
the rotational motion. The resultant radial electric field in the presence of a magnetic field
determines the direction of rotation. The variation of floating (plasma) potential across the
annular region at given magnetic field explains the rotational properties of the annulus
dusty plasma in the presence of a magnetic field.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 93
PP-14
Effect of plasma bubbling on textural and engineering properties
of Ready-To-Eat pearl millet flakes and puffs
R. Lokeswari 1, R. Mahendran 1, *
1 Centre of Excellence in Non-Thermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,
Thanjavur.
* Corresponding Author Email: mahendran@iifpt.edu.in
Abstract
Ready-to-eat millet grain flakes and puffs are gaining importance in the modern era
because of their nutritional and health benefits. In the current work, air plasma has been
generated and bubbled into pearl millet during soaking followed by analysing its flaking
and puffing characteristics. The voltage of 180, 200, and 220 V with airflow rates of 10
and 12 lph for 1 and 2 h was used to treat pearl millet samples. An increment in
conductivity, total soluble solids, and reduction in pH of the soaked medium was observed
with the bubbling of plasma. The plasma exposure exhibited an improvement in the pearl
millet’s flaking and puffing properties. The significant changes (P < 0.05) in moisture
content, expansion volume, bulk density, color, crispiness, and hardness were observed
in flaked and puffed samples. An increase in expansion ratio of pearl millet flakes and
puffs from 4.2 to 8.30 and 4.9 to 9.5, decrease in bulk density of flakes and puffs from
0.36 to 0.11 kg/m3 and 0.14 to 0.06 kg/m3 respectively was noticed with the plasma
bubbling. The textural properties like the crispiness of the flakes and puffs elevated, and
hardness was reduced with the given treatments. The decrement in yellowness index and
increase in whiteness index was observed in both flaked and puffed samples with the rise
in exposure time. The synergistic effect of plasma reactive species in combination with
hydration aids in improving grain properties and helps in diversifying the utilization of
millet grains.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 94
PP-15
HASS Study for Stationary Formations in a Four Component
Dense Magnetoplasma with Lateral Perturbations
Souradeep Thakur 1,*, Chinmay Das 2,4, Swarniv Chandra 3,4
1 Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, 100007.
2 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, India, 733121.
3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, India, 733121
4 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India, 700032.
* Corresponding Author Email: souradeepthakur@gmail.com
Abstract
For this theoretical study, we considered a dense plasma containing electrons,
positrons, ions and dust particles in a background magnetic field. We also introduced a
stationary gravitational field alongside collisional effects for the heavier species (ions and
dust particles). Such plasmas are found in magnetars, black hole accretion disks, etc. The
quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model was used to construct the governing equations of
the plasma. The relativistic degeneracy pressure is the equation of state for the electrons
and positrons. This is somewhat of a standard consideration for such dense plasmas under
consideration. Effects due to the exchange correlation potential were considered for the
electrons and positrons. We employed the reductive perturbation technique (RPT) to obtain
the Zakharov–Kuznetsov (ZK) equation describing stationary structures in a three
dimensional ion acoustic wave with minimal lateral perturbations. The solutions are
plotted against various plasma parameters including the quantum degeneracy parameter,
the relativistic degeneracy parameter, magnetic field strength, gravitational acceleration,
and exchange correlation parameters. The results thus obtained can potentially explain
certain phenomena observed in astrophysical systems. As for laboratory plasmas, our
findings (in a low gravity regime) can potentially interpret several observations in laser-
plasma interactions as well as plasma semiconductors. Our newly developed symbolic
simulation technique (HASS) sheds light on the gradual evolution of stationary formations
in the system.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 95
PP-16
Electron Acoustic Peregrine Breathers in a Quantum Plasma with
One Dimensional Temperature Anisotropy
Payel Ghosh 1*, Arnab Das 1, Chinmay Das 2, Swarniv Chandra 3,4*
1 University of Calcutta, West Bengal- 700073
2 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal-
733121, India
3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal-
733121, India
4 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India -700032
* Corresponding Author Email: Wb.prityghosh@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In the work we study the formation of electron acoustic KdV solitons and its gradual
nonlinear evolution into a peregrene soliton in a dense plasma at finite temperature with
quanum effects. The plasma is such that there is anisotropy along the direction of wave
propagation. Such an anisotropy is due to the initial disturbance incorporated in the
system. We made use of the finite temperature fluid model equations presented by Eliasson
and Shukla and carry out a reductive perturbation analysis for the stationary structures.
Finally we study the dynamical properties of the system as well as the bifurcation analysis
and obtain the chaotic nature of the system. The theoretical study will help in predicting
possible characteristics in laser plasma interaction and beam plasma experiments.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 96
PP-17
Formation of Nonlinear Stationary Structures in Ionospheric
Plasma
Gobinda Manna1#, Suman Dey1, Amrita Gupta1, Jyotirmoy Goswami2, Jit Sarkar2,
Swarniv Chandra2,3,4*
1 Department of Physics, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India,
731235;
2 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India, 700032;
3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur,
India, 733121
4 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: gobinda2all@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work we consider weakly relativistic degenerate plasma in the planetary
ionosphere and studied the formation and nature of solitary structure, electrostatic double
layers (DLs) etc. As we considered weak relativistic degeneracy, only electrons get
accelerated and are the key to the stationary structures. We implemented Sagdeev’s
pseudopotential method, Standard Gardner equation and accordingly identified regimes
where solitary formation and DLs may be observed. We studied the parametric influences
on solitons and DLs. Further we studied oscillatory Rossby solitons in ionospheric plasma.
The results might be helpful in the interpretation of many high energy atmospheric
phenomena observed in ionospheric plasma.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 97
PP-18
Two Stream Instability and Particle Escape in the Venusian
Ionosphere
Suman Dey 1,3, Saptarshi Ghosh 2, Debjit Maity 1, Swarniv Chandra 4, *
1 Department of Physics, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India,
731235.
2 Department of Physics, Narasinha Dutt College, Howrah, West Bengal, India, 711101;
3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur,
India, 733121.
4 Insitute of Natural Science and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: ssuman7226@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work we try to design a theoretical model for the Venus atmosphere where
the two-stream instability leads to momentum transfer and amounts to subsequent escape
of Hydrogen and Oxygen ions from the ionosphere. We employ the quantum hydrodynamic
model and obtain the linear dispersion relation for which the two-stream is studied.
Further the interaction of solar wind with the Venus atmosphere has been studied with
the data from ASPERA-4 of Venus Express (VEX). The data supporting the fact that two-
stream instability provides sufficient energy to accelerate ions to get rid of the Venus
gravity so that the ions can leave the atmosphere of Venus.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 98
PP-19
Plasma Shock Wave in Gamma Ray Bursts; Nonlinear Phenomena
and Radiative Process
Swastik Ballav 1,3, Ansuman Das 1, Sourav Singha 1, Swarniv Chandra 2,*
1 Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal-721302, India
2 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi,
West Bengal-733121, India
3 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India, 700032.
* Corresponding Author Email: swastikballav2017@gmail.com
Abstract
Since Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are related to extreme explosions in the universe,
it provides a unique setup to study various space plasma phenomena. The GRB spectra
supplies with wide range of information regarding the various nonlinear interactions and
associated structures. In this work we study the generation of shock fronts and its
properties in a plasma. Such a plasma shock is the aftereffect of an explosion of which the
prompt emission of GRBs are the signatures. The shock fronts are studied analytically by
deriving the KdV-Burger’s equation. The solution of KdV-Burgers equation via the ‘Cole-
Hoff transformation’ is studied alongside the usual ‘hyperbolic-tangent method’. The
dynamical properties of the shock solitons are studied further to second our findings and
find the stability and any possibility of chaos. The results will help to interpret the stellar
plasma properties from data.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 99
PP-20
Homotopy Study of Spherical Ion-Acoustic Waves in Relativistic
Degenerate Galactic Plasma
Soumya Sarkar 1, Anuradha Sett 2, Suman Pramanick 3, Tamal Ghosh 4,
Swarniv Chandra 5,*, Chinmay Das 5,*
1 National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, 575025
2 University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700073
3 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302
4 Visva-Bharati University, Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India, 731235;
5 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India, 733121.
# Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: sarkarsoumya65@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work, we start with the ion-acoustic waves in stellar plasma with degenerate
matter. We use the reductive perturbation technique to derive the Spherical Kadomtsev-
Petviashvili (SKP) equation. We next employ Homotopy Aided Symbolic Simulation (HASS)
to study the evolution of the spherical solitary wavefront. We compare the results obtained
by HPM and RPT. To understand how the system behaves we transform the evolutionary
equations into dynamical system. The phase portraits and the super periodic waves reflect
on the intricate processes within the plasma and determine the stability criteria and
possible situations of chaos. The work will find applications in many astrophysical
observations like electrostatic wave modes, gamma-ray bursts, double layers, solitons etc.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 100
PP-21
Ion Acoustic Double Layers and Solitons in a Dense Plasma
Around critical regime
Indranil Maiti 1,*, Jyotirmoy Goswami 2, Swarniv Chandra 3, *, Shreyasi Mukherjee 1,
Kuntal Samanta3
1 Visva Bharati University, Bolpur,Santiniketan, West Bengal, India, 731235;
2 Jadavpur University, Kolkata,West Bengal, India,700032.
3 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India,
733121.
* Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: indranilmaiti16@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
-By employing both perturbative and non-perturbative technique we study the small
as well as large amplitude stationary formations of ion acoustic waves in a plasma
containing relativistically degenerate electrons. We derive the expressions for double layers
and solitons following the Sagdeev’s pseudopotential approach. Such a stationary
structure becomes interesting around the critical density. To study the nonlinear
formations around the critical region we obtained the modified Korteweg de-Vries (KdV)
equation and analyzed its parametric dependence. These findings will help in laser plasma
interactions regarding the relaxation time and the energy context. Short pulse lasers and
its applicability in various plasma applications may be predicted on these findings.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 101
PP-22
Multistability Studies on Electron-Acoustic Wave in a Magnetized
Plasma with Supra-thermal Ions
Rupanjan Banerjee 1,*, Jit Sarkar 2, Soureen Zaman 3, Lakshita Bageja 3,
Swarniv Chandra 4,5
1, Rajabazar Science College, Calcutta University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700009
2 Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032
3 Sri Venkateswara College, Delhi University, New Delhi, Delhi, India, 110021
4 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, India, 733121.
5 Institute of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata,700032
* Corresponding Author Email: rupanjanbanerjeemay1998@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
The propagation of electron acoustic solitary waves is investigated in magnetized
two temperature electron plasma with supra-thermal ions. By using reductive perturbation
technique the Korteweg de-Vries (KdV) equation is derived. Later solving this equation, a
solitary wave solution has been obtained. These are mainly in astrophysical plasmas where
changes of local charge density temperature and energy of particles produce considerable
effects on the plasma system. The effects of supra-thermality, density, and Mach
number on solitary structures are studied in detail. The results show that the supra-
thermal index (κ) and ion to electron temperature ratio (σ) alters the regime where
solitary waves may exist. To obtain the different parametric regimes corresponding to
soliton stability and situations leading to chaos, we carry out this dynamical system and
bifurcation analysis.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 102
PP-23
Rogue Wave Generation through Non-Linear Self Interaction of
Electrostatic Waves in Dense Plasma
Ankur Dey 1,*, Trisita Das 1, Surajit Mandal 1, Swarniv Chandra 2,*
1 Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032,
1,2 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India,
733121.
* Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: ankurdey59@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work we start with the quantum hydrodynamic model equations for two
temperature populated electrons in a dense plasma with quantum effects. We obtain the
KdV equation for electron acoustic mode. Assuming the generated EAW mode interacts
nonlinearly with itself a rogue wave type envelop soliton is produced which is described by
the non-linear Schrodinger equation. To study the stability criteria we transform the KdV
and NLS equations into its dynamical system counterparts and analyse the phase portraits
and carry out the bifurcation analysis. The possibility of hyperchaos is discussed with
reference to rogue waves. The finding will be helpful in laser plasma interactions,
microelectronics as well as beam plasma physics and fusion technology.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 103
PP-24
Transverse fluctuations and their effects on the stable
functioning of semiconductor devices
Biswasaran Panda 1, Anusree Sen 1, Sweta Mallick 1, Chinmay Das 2
Swarniv Chandra 2, *
1 St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata. West-Bengal 700073, India
2 Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India,
733121.
* Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: biswasaranpanda78@gmail.com swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In order to obtain stable operation of semiconductor devices, every measure to
counter the nonlinear effects and associated breakdown needs to be taken care of. To
neutralize these effects, external stability factors are to be employed. The intrinsic
nonlinearity in a semiconductor plasma results in the generation of solitary waves.
Considering the current propagating along the semiconductor, and some lateral
perturbations arising out of the finite boundary, a KdV Burgers soliton is obtained, and its
features are studied with influences of various parameters. Now, by controlling these
parameters, the KdV-B soliton can be regulated, resulting in the stable operation of the
semiconductor device.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 104
PP-25
Evolution of Envelop Soliton and associated Instability During
Intense Laser Plasma Interaction: Homotopy Analysis
Ahona Majumdar 1, Ritwik Ghosal 1, Chinmay Das 2,4, Swarniv Chandra 3,4,5
1 St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata. West-Bengal 700073, India
2 Dept of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, WB, India, 733121
3 Dept of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India, 733121
4 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032
5 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: ahonaphysics@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this theoretical study we investigate the amplitude modulation and formation of
envelop soliton in a quantum plasma with relativistic degeneracy pressure expressions as
it interacts with a strong laser beam. We have made use of homotopy perturbation
technique to find out the modulation instability of an electrostatic wave with different types
of nonlinearity. We identified the range of wave number in which such nonlinearity is
important. Further we have analyzed the formation of envelop soliton of waves localized in
space. The importance of the relativistic contribution of streaming particles is discussed
alongside the parametric influences experienced by the plasma particles. Along with these
some associated instabilities have been studied. The results obtained here will be helpful
in interpreting different phenomena that arises in laser plasma interaction.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 105
PP-26
Resonant Interactions Between the Fundamental and Higher
Harmonics of Nonlinear Surface Waves in Degenerate Plasma
Amit Ghosh 1,*, Jyotirmoy Goswami 2, Hema Chhibber 3, Yash Arya 4,
Swarniv Chandra 2,5,6,*
1 St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata. West-Bengal 700073, India
2 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India 700032
3 Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar- 143005, India
4 Department of Physics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007
5 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur,
India 733121
6 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: itsmeamit98@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
By using quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model with appropriate boundary
conditions Nonlinear self-interaction of an electrostatic surface wave on a otherwise
homogeneous semi-bounded plasma with degeneracy effects is investigated. It has been
found that a part of the second harmonic generated through self-interaction does not have
a true surface wave feature but propagates obliquely away from the plasma-vacuum
interface into the bulk of the plasma. Such a situation is obtained in laser plasma
interation during surface etching, plasma processing etc. In this paper, we study the
harmonics generation phenomenon and its conversation rate when an intense laser is
incident on an unmagnetized plasma. The dense plasma displays quantum diffraction
effects and other quantum statistical effects. We made use of perturbative analysis for the
field quantities. The findings will help workers dealing with laser plasma interaction so as
to enhance the tendency of harmonic generation and energy localizations.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 106
PP-27
Magnetosonic shocks and solitons in Fermi plasma with
quasiperiodic perturbation
Sharry 1,*, Debiposad Dutta 2, Mrittika Ghosh 3, Swarniv Chandra 4,5,*
1 Dept of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, 143005
2 Dept of Physics, Vidyasagar University Rd, Rangamati, Midnapore, West Bengal, India 721102
3 Dept of Physics, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, India,700131
4 Dept of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India, 733121
5 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: ksharry799@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
Magnetosonic shocks and solitons are studied in Fermi plasma with degeneracy
pressure. Using reductive perturbation method (RPM) we derived the KDV-Burgers
equation and studied the properties of shocks and solitons. We further extended the work
to non-linear self-interaction and the formation of rogue waves corresponding to extreme
energy which are studied by nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). Additionally, we
analyzed the multidimensional solitons and their stability by the Hamiltonian
transformation. Variational estimates were made for the NLS equation. Quasi-periodic
perturbations are studied with reference to the dynamical systems (DS) corresponding to
the non-linear evolutionary equations. The work will find application in semiconductor
plasma as well as stellar plasma with sufficient amount of viscous drag.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 107
PP-28
Bifurcaion Analysis of Electron Acoustic Waves in Degenerate
Astrophysical Plasma: Chaos and Multistability
Debapriya Nandi 1,2,*, Dayita Bhattacharjee 2, Jit Sarkar 3, Chinmay Das 3,4,
Swarniv Chandra 2,3,5,*
1 Modern Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hoogly, India.
2 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India 700032
3 Dept of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, 700032
4 Dept of mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India,
733121
5 Dept of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India, 733121
* Corresponding Author Email: dpriyamou@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
Bifurcation Analysis and Dynamical system studies were carried out to find out the
stability regime and chaotic scenario in electron-acoustic waves in relativistic degenerate
plasma. We employ the quantum hydrodynamic odel and obtain the Korteweg-de Vries
equation describing the nature and characteristics of solitary structures. We study the
amplitude modulated envelop soliton formed due to external perturbations by analyzing
the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. To stud the stability factors and the parametric range
for such stability we carry out dynamical system study and bifurcation analysis. This work
will find application in theoretically predicting the stable modes in many solar plasma and
stellar plasma applications.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 108
PP-29
Forced-KdV Solitary Structure and its Evolution into Envelope
Solitons in a magnetised plasma containing degenerate electrons
and Kappa distributed ions
J Sarkar 1, A Dey 2, C Das 1,3, A Marick 1, V Raj 4, S Chandra 1,5,6
1 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India 700032
2 Department of Physics, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, India, 700017
3 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin
Dinajpur, 733121
4 Department of Physics, Reva University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064
5 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur,
India 733121
6 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: ankitaankidey@hotmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this paper, we have studied the electron acoustic waves in a magnetised plasma
containing Kappa distributed ions which are streaming with high velocity within the
plasma and under the action of external force. We employed homotopy perturbation
method (HPM) to obtain the graphical plots of solitary structures and its evolution into an
envelop soliton. Analytically, We obtained the linear dispersion relation and studied its
characteristics. Further, we derived the KdV equation using the reductive perturbation
technique and studied the parametric dependence on the KdV solitary profile. These
findings augment the homotopy results. The analytical and simulation results thus
obtained will be helpful in interpretation and identifying EAW modes in such a plasma
system.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 109
PP-30
Non-linear Wave-Wave Interaction in Semiconductor Device
Jyotirmoy Goswami 1,*, Jit Sarkar 1, Chinmay Das 1,2, Swarniv Chandra 1,3,4,*
1 Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India 700032
2 Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin
Dinajpur, India 733121
3 Department of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur,
India 733121
4 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: jyotirmoygoswami09@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
A semiconductor device with heavy doping under consideration is kept in forward
biased condition. There are oppositely propagating electron and hole currents. These two
streams interact among themselves and the resulting instability causes recombination
which supplies additional energy to the system. Such thermal energy creates statistically
distinguished cold and warm electrons. The warm electrons providing the restoring force
and the cold electron supplying the necessary inertia creates a low frequency electron
acoustic mode which in turn collides with the oppositely propagating hole plasma waves.
The two waves interact non-linearly and a subsequent phase shift is created. In terms of
the signal transmission and operation of the device such a theoretical study have
important attributes.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 110
PP-31
Semi Lagrangian Method to study nonlinear electrostatic waves
in quantum plasma through Vlasov equation
Chinmay Das1,2 , Swarniv Chandra1,3,4 and Basdev Ghosh1,4
1 Dept of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, 700032
2 Dept of mathematics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India,
733121;
3 Dept of Physics, Government General Degree College at Kushmandi, West Bengal, India,
733121;
4 Institute of Natural sciences and Applied Technology, Kolkata, India 700032
* Corresponding Author Email: chinmaydas.mtmh@gmail.com, swarniv147@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work we used the semi Lagrangian method and the Vlasov code to study the
instabilities in a quantum plasma with one dimesional temperature anisotropy. Taking the
Fermi Dirac type of distribution function and using the code we studied the gradual
evolution of density and electric field in a degenerate plasma with quantum diffraction
effects. In this collisionless plasma adiabatic compression will be along the direction of
wave propagation and will lead to such temperature anisotropy of the electron distribution
that varies with the wave motion. The findings will find application for dense plasma at
finite temperature as in laser produced plasmas, fusion plasma as well as solar plasma.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 111
PP-32
Chirped laser beat wave electron acceleration in vacuum
Kavish Middha 1, Vishal Thakur 1, Niti Kant 1, Jyoti Rajput 1,*
1 Department of Physics, Lovely Professional University, G.T. Road, Phagwara 144411, Punjab,
India.
* Corresponding Author Email: jyoti_physics@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Electron acceleration scheme due to the beating of two linearly polarized lasers of
finite spot size at an arbitrary angle in a vacuum has been investigated. The interference
at certain angles due to these lasers with slightly different frequencies interacting at any
arbitrary angle has been studied. Due to the constructive interference between these
lasers, their resultant electric and magnetic field points out in a particular direction, where
the electron is injected for effective trapping and noticeable acceleration has been observed.
Along with this, a periodic frequency chirp plays a crucial role in the improved acceleration
of electron. In this way, electron energy is enhanced more conveniently.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 112
PP-33
Design of the time-of-flight low-energy analyzer for Aditya-U
Tokamak
Snehlata Aggarwal 1, Santosh P. Pandya 1, Kumar Ajay 1
1 Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat village, Near Indira Bridge, Gandhinagar – 382 428.
* Corresponding Author Email: snehlata@ipr.res.in
Abstract
The design of the time-of-flight low-energy analyzer (TOFLEA) for Aditya-U Tokamak
is presented. TOFLEA utilizes the Time of Flight technique to detect the low energy charge
exchange (cx) neutrals escaping from magnetized tokamak plasma. The TOFLEA system
contains a chopper disc, a flight tube and a detector housing unit. The neutral flux
escaping the plasma is first mechanically chopped into short bunches by using a slotted
rotating chopper disc and then, after traversing a sufficiently long flight path through a
flight tube, it is incident on secondary emission surface and registered by detector. Photons
will overtake the neutrals during their flight time and hence photon signal can be
eliminated from the neutral signal. The Charge-exchange neutral particle flux is estimated
for TOFLEA system for Aditya-U tokamak and it is observed that gating time of few micro-
seconds is sufficient for obtaining detectable signal. A synthetic signal and hence, the
arrival time distribution is estimated, based on the present design of TOFLEA. The
described TOFLEA is proposed for determination of core ion temperature on the Aditya-U
tokamak.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 113
PP-34
Comparative Study of I-V Charactersitics of Plasma-Metal
Junction with the Diodes I-V Characteristics
Sneha Latha Kommuguri 1,*, Perumal M 2, TH Rishikanta Singh 3,
Suraj Kumar Sinha 4
1 Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry-605014
* Corresponding Author Email: kommugurisnehalatha@gmail.com
Abstract
The plasma-material interaction defines the governing mechanisms, plasma
characteristics and operating regime. This Plasma-metal junction can be produced in the
laboratory plasmas using DC glow discharge. The I-V characteristics of the plasma-metal
junction depends on the type of the metal we use for the interactions with the plasma and
different metals have their different properties. On the other side Diodes (PN diode, Zener
diode and Schottky diode with forward bias and reverse bias has extensive applications in
electronic circuits. The most important diode characteristic is its current-voltage (I-V)
relationship and these I-V curves are generally used as a tool to determine and understand
the basic parameters of the device. The mechanism of the current in diode junctions is
usually defined by its energy band diagrams. The I-V characteristics of the Plasma-metal
junction is compared with the I-V characteristics of the diode to know the analogies of both
pm-junction and various diodes. These may explain the relationship of these both
quantatively and qualitatively. This may have the future scope in the plasma technologies
and it may have benefit in semiconductor technology applications.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 114
PP-35
Impact of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on microbial
reduction and physicochemical qualities in coconut inflorescence
sap (Neera)
Latha Sukumaran 1, Mahendran Radhakrishnan 1,*
1 Centre of Excellence in Nonthermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology,
Thanjavur
* Corresponding Author Email: mahendran@iifpt.edu.in
Abstract
Reduction of microbial population is important in neera to preserve the
physicochemical qualities. In this work the impact of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on
the antimicrobial activity and physicochemical qualities of coconut neera was studied. The
sap of 25 ml were exposed into high-voltage plasma at 30, 35, 40 kV for 5, 7.5 and 10 min
respectively. The plasma treated neera stored at 4°C and analyzed for total bacteria, lactic
acid bacteria, Bacillus, yeast and physicochemical qualities with the storage period of 24
h. The treatment of 35 kV at 7.5 min showed the highest log reduction and less impact on
physicochemical properties of neera sample. At the end of the storage (24 h) the log
reduction were 0.45±0.15, 0.05±0.12, 0.47±0.10, 0.47±0.05 for total bacteria, Bacillus,
lactic acid bacteria, yeast. Further, pH of 5.07±0.45, total soluble solid of 15.46±0.58 ̊ Brix,
total acidity and color difference of 1.38±0.06 mg/L, 2.6±0.19 ∆E* were found in treated
sample. Moreover, the increasing voltage and time in this study affected the
physicochemical quality of neera in storage. The voltage of 35 kV at 7.5 min effectively
reduced the microbial population in neera than the 35 kV at 10 min. The reduced microbial
growth affected the natural fermentation and extends the shelf life at 4°C.
*****************
Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 115
PP-36
Estimation of diameter of a rotating gliding arc discharge using
high speed imaging technique
Ananthanarasimhan J 1, Adarsh Raghuram 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1,*
1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012
* Corresponding Author Email: narayana.rao@gmail.com
Abstract
This work investigates the variation of diameter of the plasma arc in a rotating
gliding arc discharge. The gliding arc discharge has varying V-I regimes and the plasma
volume created keeps changing as the arc rotates between the electrodes. These are
affected by the flow dynamics i.e., the Reynolds number and the flow field maintained in
the gliding arc reactor. This necessitates for measuring the physical morphology under
different flow conditions. In this work, the diameter of the discharge when it is near the
shortest and the longest gap is measured using gaussian fit approach. The usage of
gaussian fit approach is also validated using standard calibration procedure. Analysis was
carried out on the images taken using the high-speed camera. This work proposes reliable
method to estimate thickness of a rotating arc, without using any sophisticated
equipment’s such as iCCD camera to capture spatial and temporal emission
characteristics of the discharge. The results shows that the arc diameter is strongly
influenced by the flow conditions such as transitional and turbulent flows used in this
work.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 116
PP-37
Modulational Instability of four elemental dusty plasma networks
K. Raghavi 1, L. Kavitha 1,*
1 School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India -
610005.
* Corresponding Author Email: raghavikanakaraj26@gmail.com
Abstract
Dust in plasma is a major hindrance for many scientific activities that occur in
space, fusion, etc… One of the crucial property that makes sense for such hindrance is its
non-linearity. Existence of solitons proves the condition of non-linearity and by enabling
the significance of such solitons, non-linearity can be minimized to an extent. Our own
selves conceptually probed the four elemental dusty plasma network and the four elements
are charge modified (positive and negative) dust fragments, two elements of electrons and
non thermal ions modelled by Boltzmann distributions. The nonlinear reductive
perturbation technique is employed and we derived the Non Linear Schrodinger (NLS)
Equation, which governs the nonlinear dynamics of the plasmic system. Further we invoke
the modulational instability analysis to inspect the stability of plasmic solitons and the
instability / stability regions are highly explored.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 117
PP-38
Instabilities in Quantum Semiconductor Plasma: A Review
Krishna Sharma 1,*, Utpal Deka 2,*
1 Department of Physics, Sikkim Govt Science College Chakung, Sikkim, 737121, India
2 Department of Physics, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University,
Majitar, Sikkim -737136, India
* Corresponding Author Email: ksdhungel@gmail.com, utpal.d@smit.smu.edu.in
Abstract
The growing demand for nano-sized and efficient semiconductors leading to a
technological revolution in quantum technology has unleashed into the development of
new types of compound semiconductors of nano-scale. However, the physical phenomena
limiting their efficiency requires more study into the charge transportation phenomena.
The study of instabilities like drift instability, modulation instability, etc of the waves
excited in a semiconductor plasma due to various force field configurations with the
inclusion of quantum effects has gained recent attention as the solid state plasma in a
semiconductor satisfies the condition for quantum plasma. The different types of
instabilities, its mechanism and effect in a semiconductor quantum plasma has been
studied in detail and presented in this article. Most of the works that has been carried out
to study the instabilities have used the Quantum Hydrodynamic model. The important
quantum effects that are highlighted in most of the work includes the Bohm potential,
exchange potential, Fermi degenerate pressure in the nano-sized quantum
semiconductors. This review work may be relevant to all who wants to have an insight on
various instabilities in semiconductor quantum plasma.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 118
PP-39
Simulation of electrical characteristics of the dielectric barrier
discharge using SIMULINK: Effect of operating frequency and gas
type
Ram Mohan Pathak 1, Ananthanarasimhan Jayanarasimha 1,
Lakshminarayana Rao 1*
1 Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
* Corresponding Author Email: narayana.rao@gmail.com
Abstract
This work investigates the effect of operating frequency and the gas type on electrical
characteristics of a simple coaxial dielectric barrier discharge plasma. An equivalent
electrical circuit representing the dielectric barrier discharge configuration is created using
SIMULINK and the electrical characteristics are simulated. The inter electrode gap was
varied as a parameter for a fixed applied voltage. The electrical characteristics were
obtained for different operating frequencies between 50 Hz and 1 MHz. Two different gases
namely, Argon and Methane, were studied. The discharge voltage, current, Lissajous
pattern, applied discharge power and gas discharge power were determined using
simulations. Simulation results reveal that for a given voltage, on increasing the operating
frequencies of the discharge increases the amplitude of the current.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 119
PP-40
Oxygen-assisted growth of graphene sheet by PECVD process
Neha Gupta 1,*
1 Department of Applied Sciences, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Rohini, Delhi-
110086
* Corresponding Author Email: nehagpt2105@gmail.com
Abstract
An analytical model to investigate the effect of oxygen gas addition to the
fluorocarbon/hydrogen gas mixture on the growth characteristics of the graphene sheet
synthesized via PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) process is developed.
The present model accounts the first order differential equations for the kinetics of all the
plasma species, formation of carbon clusters, formation and growth of graphene nuclei,
and growth of vertically oriented graphene. These first order differential equations are
solved simultaneously using typical glow discharge parameters and it is observed that
oxygen gas addition significantly affects the growth characteristics of the graphene sheet
i.e., height and the growth rate of the graphene sheet decreases upon oxygen addition to
the fluorocarbon/hydrogen gas mixture. It is also found that the oxygen addition results
in decrease of the number density of graphene sheets. The results of the present
investigation are in concurrence with the existing experimental observations.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 120
PP-41
Effect of reduced electric field in pin-to-water discharge: A
simulation study
Punith N 1, Lakshminarayana Rao 1
1 Center Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
* Corresponding Author Email: nehagpt2105@gmail.com
Abstract
Pin-to-water discharges are prominent arrangements for generation of plasma
activated water. This work investigates the effect of reduced electric field in an atmospheric
pressure pin-to-water discharge under dry/humid conditions. The study is performed
using simulation of entire plasma-chemical kinetics of the species using CHEMICAL
WORKBENCH. About 559 reactions are added in the mechanism which includes all the
electronic and chemical type processes. The study reveals that high electric field will have
most of applied energy lost to the vibrational relaxations. It is also attempted to estimate
the fraction of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species that can be formed by varying the
applied electric field.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 121
PP-42
I-V characteristics of a DC Glow discharge Plasma powered by a
two Voltage sources
Thangjam Rishikanta Singh 1,*, Suraj Kumar Sinha 1
1 Pondicherry University, Pondicherry-605014
* Corresponding Author Email: th.rishikanta@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work we present the flow plasma species in a diode dc glow discharge plasma
system powered with two different power supplies. The I-V characteristics plotted for the
voltage applied using these two power supplies for understanding role of charge flow in
exciting instabilities and consequently leading to formation of double layers. The glow
discharge plasma experiment is performed inside a cylindrical vacuum chamber made of
stainless steel (model SS304) with tungsten as anode and stainless steel as cathode. The
first power supply (V1) biased between the cathode and the grounded chamber is used to
ignite the discharge. The dc glow discharge plasma is sustained by application of constant
voltage bias at V1 = 550V. The second power supply (V2) is biased positively to anode with
respect to the grounded chamber. Increasing voltage V2 from 0 V to 200 V in steps and the
variation of current across the two resistors, connected in series with power supplies
respectively, recorded for different pressures.
As we increase the pressure, there occurs frequent collisions between the charged
particles and neutrals that increases the ionization rate, charge exchange and thermal
instability. The number of electrons, which are majority charge carriers is increased and
consequently current value is also increased. This process would really be helpful to
understand the basic mechanism in glow discharge.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 122
PP-43
Magnetized Two-Fluid Spin Quantum Plasmas, A new mode,
stability condition and impurity effect
F. Nooralishahi 1, M.K. Salem 1,*
1 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran,
Iran
* Corresponding Author Email: salem.mohammadkazem@yahoo.com
Abstract
In this paper, we derive a set of equations of two-fluid plasma (electron-positron)
based on the quantum magnetized hydrodynamic (𝑄𝑀𝐻𝐷) model, which separately
describes electron-positron. We consider electronpositron as two different species of
particles and take a path for discussion which is different from the usual path, and in this
way, we obtain new dispersion equations and new modes. Next, we use the non-spin and
spin plasma separately and analyze the parallel and perpendicular propagation for the
propagation of linear perturbations. Then, we discusse about the stability and instability
of dispersion modes, range of thems and calculated a cut-off wavelengthfor for propagation
of spin waves in the plasma including electron- positron as two separated fluids. Finally,
we study the Fermi polaron problem of one moving positron impurity immersed atop the
bath consisting of electrons in one-dimensional grids. We apply a variational approach
with non-Gaussian states after separating the impurity and the background by the Lee-
Low-Pines transformation and obtain the ground state for a fixed total momentum via
imaginary time evolution for the variational parameters.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 123
PP-44
Investigation of relativistic thermal distribution in the
anisotropic plasmas
F. Nooralishahi 1,*
1 Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran,
Iran
* Corresponding Author Email: salem.mohammadkazem@yahoo.com
Abstract
In this paper, we derive a set of equations of two-fluid plasma (electron-positron)
based on the quantum magnetized hydrodynamic (𝑄𝑀𝐻𝐷) model, which separately
describes electron-positron. We consider electronpositron as two different species of
particles and take a path for discussion which is different from the usual path, and in this
way, we obtain new dispersion equations and new modes. Next, we use the non-spin and
spin plasma separately and analyze the parallel and perpendicular propagation for the
propagation of linear perturbations. Then, we discusse about the stability and instability
of dispersion modes, range of thems and calculated a cut-off wavelengthfor for propagation
of spin waves in the plasma including electron- positron as two separated fluids. Finally,
we study the Fermi polaron problem of one moving positron impurity immersed atop the
bath consisting of electrons in one-dimensional grids. We apply a variational approach
with non-Gaussian states after separating the impurity and the background by the Lee-
Low-Pines transformation and obtain the ground state for a fixed total momentum via
imaginary time evolution for the variational parameters.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 124
PP-45
Turning Dirty Garbage into Clean Environment: A Cokebed Based
Air Plasma Gasification Technology Developed by BARC
S. Bhandari 1*, N. Tiwari 1, Y. Chakravarthy 1, V. Chaturvedi Misra 1, S Ghorui 1
1 Laser & Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India
* Corresponding Author Email: subhb@barc.gov.in
Abstract
Rapid industrial development and urbanization tremendously enhance the quantity
of solid waste produced as well as lead to reduction of natural energy resources. The need
for an efficient, safe and cost effective technology for waste management becomes highly
essential. Air plasma gasification technology provides a proficient and economical method
to process wide ranges of wastes including municipal, bio medical, industrial, radioactive
and other solid wastes. Due to presence of ions, electrons, radicals, active species and
highly concentrated thermal energy air plasma technology provides superior thermo
chemical environment for gasification of solid waste. A 60 kW triple torch coke bed based
air plasma gasification system has been developed at BARC. The overall process and
experimental results have been presented in this paper. A comprehensive 3D
Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model of the coke bed based air plasma gasification
system has been developed. The temperature and velocity profiles inside the plasma
gasifier have been simulated in 3D computational domain. Conversion efficiency as high
as 99 % is observed for variety type of solid waste including MSW, plastic waste, cellulosic
waste and ion exchange resins. The composition of the flue gas from stack has been
measured and found to be within permissible limits. It was successfully demonstrated that
coke based air plasma gasification is an innovative, cost effective and eco-friendly solid
waste treatment technology.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 125
PP-46
Polypyrrole grafting on oxygen plasma-processed nylon 6 fabric
for gas sensing application
Ashish A. Nimbekar 1,2, Rajendra R. Deshmukh 1,*
1 Department of Physics, Institute of chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India
2 Deccan Education Society’s Kirti College, Dadar (W), Mumbai-400028, India
* Corresponding Author Email: rr.deshmukh@ictmumbai.edu.in
Abstract
Smart textile or conducting fabric is an innovative material in 21st century. Smart
textiles are really smart as they can sense and respond to the environment. They have
many features such as high strength, light weight, flexibility, durability, etc. along with
their conducting nature. Such conducting fabrics can be synthesized by depositing
conducting material like graphene, CNT, conductive nanoparticles, conducting polymer,
etc. on the surface of non-conducting textiles like polyester, nylon, silk, cotton, etc. by
using various methods. In this work, we have synthesized polypyrrole (PPY) grafted nylon
6 fabrics by in-situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole monomer using FeCl3 as an oxidant
and sodium salt of DBSA as a dopant. For better adhesion and deposition of PPY on nylon
6 fabric, we have treated the surface of nylon 6 fabric with low pressure radio frequency
oxygen plasma prior to PPY grafting. Such nylon 6 based conducting fabrics have been
characterized using ATR-FTIR, XPS, SEM, and sheet resistance measurement. It is seen
that oxygen plasma treatment improves conductivity, uniformity in grafting and also
responsible for strengthening interfacial bonding of PPY on nylon 6 fabric. Ammonia gas
sensing response of these plasma pretreated and PPY grafted nylon 6 fabrics has been
investigated and they showed good sensing response.
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Second International Conference on Advances in Plasma Science and Technology (ICAPST), 2021, Coimbatore, India
ISBN 978-93-90853-30-4 | ICAPST’21| 126
PP-47
Adhesion properties of polypropylene fabric treated with
atmospheric pressure plasma and coated with polyurethane:
Effect of ageing
Shital S. Palasakar 1, Ravindra D. Kale 2, Rajendra R. Deshmukh 3*
1 Bombay Textile Research Association, L B S Marg, Ghatkopar (W), Mumbai 400086, India.
2 Department of Fibres and Textile Processing, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh
Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
3 Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga,
Mumbai 400019, India.
* Corresponding Author Email: rr.deshmukh@ictmumbai.edu.in
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) tape by tape fabric was modified with atmospheric pressure non
thermal plasma (APNTP) with an aim for improved hydrophilicity and adhesion to
polyurethane (PU) coating. The major drawback of plasma surface modification is “ageing”
of the modified surface with respect to time. In this study polypropylene fabric was
subjected to atmospheric pressure plasma treatment and effect on adhesion properties of
plasma treated and polyurethane (PU) coated fabric was studied with respect to ageing
behaviour up to 4 weeks. Change in adhesion with respect to ageing time was analysed by
statistical significance test ANOVA. Helium plasma treated and coated PP fabrics showed
significant improvement in the adhesion strength compared to untreated samples. Surface
morphological and chemical changes were analysed using scanning electron microscope
and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy respectively. Contact angle measurements were
carried out to analyse changes in surface wettability.
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