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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
NGHI SON REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL LIMITEDLIABILTY COMPANY
JGCS CONSORTIUM
REPORT OFBIODIVERSITY INVENTORY IN TERMS OF
TERRESTRIAL FAUNA AND FLORA FOR NGHI SONREFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEX PROJECT
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
November 2013
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
NGHI SON REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL LIMITED LIABILTY COMPANY
REPORT
BIODIVERSITY INVENTORY IN TERMS OFTERRESTRIAL FAUNA AND FLORA FOR NGHI SONREFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEX PROJECT
Project OwnerNGHI SON DEFINERYAND PETROCHEMICAL
LLC
Main contractorTECHNIP CONSORTIUM(JGCS CONSORTIUM)
SubcontractorLILAMA EME-EMC
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
November 2013
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
OrdinalNo.
Works Responsibility
1 Responsible for surveying theterrestrial flora
MSc. Phan ThuyHang
2Responsible for surveying theterrestrial fauna (Reptilian andAmphibian)
MSc. Vo Dinh Ba
3Responsible for surveying theterrestrial fauna (Bird andMammalian)
MSc. Dam Minh Anh
4 Responsible for ecological researchand taking the general report Dr. Chu Manh Trinh
5 Responsible for ecological researchand taking the final report Dr. Vo Van Minh
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
MỤC LỤC
PART 1....................................................5RESULTS OF INVENTORY BIODIVERSITY IN TERM OF REPTILIA AND AMPHIBIA..................................................51.1. Survey area.........................................51.2. Survey Methods......................................61.3. Results.............................................6
1.3.1. The composition of reptile and amphibian species..............61.3.2. The distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the project area.....8
PART 2...................................................13RESULTS OF INVENTORY BIODIVERSITY IN TERM OF BIRD AND MAMALIA..................................................132.1. Survey area........................................132.2. Methods............................................132.2.1. Method for Mammalian Survey (records of mammals)......................................................132.2.2. Method for Avian Survey (Records of Birds).....13
2.3. Results............................................14PART 3...................................................19RESULTS OF INVENTORY BIODIVERSITY IN TERM OF TERRESTRIAL FLORA....................................................193.1. Survey area........................................193.2. Methods............................................193.2.1. Content of subject report Biodiversity in the terrestrial ecosystem (botany)........................193.2.2. Method of Field Work...........................19
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
3.2.3. Lab method.....................................203.2.4. Scientific Name Definition.....................20
3.3. Results.............................................203.3.1.The composition of terrestrial flora in project area........................................................203.3.2. Discussion.......................................43
PART 1
RESULTS OF INVENTORY BIODIVERSITY IN TERM OF REPTILIA AND AMPHIBIA
1.1. Survey areaRegional survey was implemented in the surface area of the
Nghi Son refinery-petrochemical complex and neighboring communes:Tinh Hai, Bac Yen, Trung Hieu, Nam Yen Yen, Mai Lam (Fig. 1.1)
Survey transects were set up in different habitat types, including residential area; agricultural area; surface area of the plant – where the plant located; plantation forest and hilly forest; mud and sand on seashore.
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
Figure 1.1. Map of the survey area
To understand the existing and distribution of reptile and amphibian species, field surveys were carried out at many locations with various topography and different ecosystems in theproject area:
(1) Residential area,
(2) Agricultural area,
(3) Surface area of the plant – where the plant located,
(4) Plantation forest and hilly forest.
(5) Mud and sand on seashore
1.2. Survey MethodsAt the above mentioned sites, reptile and amphibian species
were observed directly. Some specimens were collected during the day-time and/or night-time for amphibian species. Along the survey route, we recorded the voices of species to identify theirnames.
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
Interviews were conducted with local people.
Records of species were also based on reptile remains such as skulls, shed-skin cimens found in the houses of local people.
Scientific name, English name and list name of reptiles and amphibians were clarified according to Nguyen Van Sang, Ho Thu Cuc and Nguyen Quang Truong 2009.
Threatened species were determined based on Vietnam red databook, 2007 and Socialist Republic of Vietnam, 2006 and Decree No.32/2006/ND-CP of the Government.
1.3. Results
1.3.1. The composition of reptile and amphibian speciesBased on direct observations and interviews, 19 species (17
genera, 7 families, 2 orders) of reptiles and 10 species (9genera, 5 families, 1 order) of amphibians were recorded in theproject area (table1.1 andtable1.2):
Table1.1.The checked list of reptile and amphibian species
No Scientific name English name
Threatened speciesSDVN2007
ND32/2006
I. ANURA
1. Bufonidae
1. Duttaphrynusmelanosticus Asian common toad, Common sunda toad, Black spined toad
2. Ingerophrynusgaleatus Cambodian toad
2. Michrohylidae
3. Kaloulapulchra Guangdong Rice Frog
4. Michrohylafissipes Ornate Pigmy Frog
3. Dicroglossidae
5. Fejervaryalimnocharis Grass frog, Paddy frog, Rice frog,
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
Asian pool frog6. Hoplobatrachusrugulosus Common lowland frog,
Chinese bullfrog, Taiwanese frog
4. Ranidae
7. Hylaranaguentheri Gunther’s amoy frog,Gunther’s frog
8. Hylaranamacrodactylus Guang dong frog, three-striped grass frog
9. Hylarananigrovittata Black-striped frog
10. Ranajohnsi Johnsi frog
5. Rhacophoridae
11. Polypedatesleucomystax Four-lined Treefrog
Notes: SDVN (2007): Red Data Book of Vietnam 2007: EN:Endangered; VU: Vulnerable.
ND32/2006: The Governmental Decree No 32/2006/NE)-CP: IIB:Limit of exploitation and use.
Table1.2.Reptile Species Composition in the Project Area
No Scientific Name English Name
Threatened SpeciesSDVN 2007 ND32/2006
I. SQUAMATA
1. Agamidae
1. Physignathuscocincinus Indochineses water dragon
VU
2. Calotesversicolor Garden fence lizard
3. Leiolepisguttata Gutta butterfly lizard
2. Geckonidae
4. Gehyramutilata Commom four-clawed gecko
5. Gekko gecko Tockay, Gecko VU
6. Hemidaclylusfrenatus Spiny-tailed
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
House Gecko3. Scincidae
7. Eutropislongicaudata Long-tailed Skink
8. Eutropismultifasciata East Indian brown mabuya,common sun skink
\ 4. Colubridae
9. Ahaetullaprasina Oriental whipsnake
10. Boigamultomaculata Large –spotted cat snake
11. Coelognathusradiatus Copperhead racer, Radiated rat snake
VU IIB
12. Amphiesmastolata Buff-striped Keelback
13. Ptyaskorros Indochineses rat snake
EN
14. Xenochrophis flavipunctatus Yellow-spotted keelback
5. Elapidae
15. Bungarusfasciatus Banded krait EN IIB
16. Bungarusmulticinctus Many-banded krait
IIB
17. Najaatra Chinese Cobra EN
6. Viperidae
18. Cryptelytropsalbolabrix White-lipped pitviper, Bamboo snake
II. TESTUDINES
7. Trionychidae
19. Pelodiscussinensis Chineses of tshell turtle
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
Notes: SDVN (2007): Red Data Book of Vietnam 2007: EN: Endangered; VU: Vulnerable.ND32/2006: The Governmental Decree No 32/2006/NE)-CP: IIB: Limitof exploitation and use (table1.3).
Table1.3. Structure of amphibian and reptile Species Composition
No Animal Class Number ofOrder
Number ofFamily
Number ofSpecies
1 Amphibian 1 5 102 Reptiles 2 7 19
Total 3 3 12
Tables 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 shows that species composition of the herpetology fauna in the project area is not diverse and thatthe population abundance is also very low because of lacking natural habitats. The main habitat types that can be found in this area include plantation forests of Eucalyptus and Acacia foragricultural habitats (e.g. for rice, peanut, sesame). Most of the species found in this area are common or have a wide range.
1.3.2. The distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the project areaThe project split to 6 habitat types:
(1) Residential area,
(2) Agricultural area,
(3) Surface area of the plant – where the plant located,
(4) Plantation forest and hilly forest.
(5) Mud and sand on seashore
Distribution of amphibians and reptilesindifferenthabitatsispresented in table1.4 and table1.5):
Table1.4. Distribution of amphibian Species in the Project Area
No Scientificname Englishname
Habitat(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
I. ANURA I
1. Bufonidae
1. Duttaphrynusmelanosticus Asian common toad,Common sunda toad,Black spined toad
x x x
2. Michrohylidae
2. Kaloulapulchra Guangdong Rice Frog
x x x
3. Michrohylafissipes Ornate Pigmy Frog x x
3. Dicroglossidae
4. Fejervaryalimnocharis Grass frog, Paddy frog, Rice frog, Asian pool frog
x x x x x
5. Hoplobatrachusrugulosus Common lowland frog, Chinese bullfrog, Taiwanese frog
x x x
4. Ranidae
6. Hylaranaguentheri Gunther’s amoy frog, Gunther’s frog
x x
7. Hylaranamacrodactylus Guang dong frog, three-striped grass frog
x x x
8. Hylarananigrovittata Black-striped frog x
9. Ranajohnsi Johnsi frog x
5. Rhacophoridae
10. Polypedatesleucomystax Four-lined Treefrog
x x x
Total 8 7 5 5 1
Notes: (1): Residential area; (2) Agricultural area; (3) Surface area of the plant; (4) Plantation forest and hilly forest; (5) Mud and sand on seashore.
Table1.5.Distribution of Reptile Species in the Project Area
No Scientificname Englishname
Habitat(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
I. SQUAMATA
1. Agamidae
1. Physignathuscocincinus Indochineses waterdragon
x x
2. Calotesversicolor Garden fence lizard
x x
3. Leiolepisguttata Gutta butterfly lizard
x
2. Geckonidae
4. Gehyramutilata Commom four-clawedgecko
x
5. Gekko gecko Tockay, Gecko x x
6. Hemidaclylusfrenatus Spiny-tailed HouseGecko
x x
3. Scincidae
7. Eutropislongicaudata Long-tailed Skink x x x x
8. Eutropismultifasciata East Indian brown mabuya, common sunskink
x x x x
4. Colubridae
9. Ahaetullaprasina Oriental whip snake
x x x
10. Boigamultomaculata Large –spotted catsnake
x x x
11. Coelognathusradiatus Copperhead racer, Radiated rat snake
x x x
12. Amphiesmastolatum Buff-striped Keelback
x
13. Ptyaskorros Indochineses rat snake
x
14. Xenochrophisflavipunctatus Yellow-spotted keelback
x x
5. Elapidae
15. Bungarusfasciatus Banded krait x x
16. Bungarusmulticinctus Many-banded krait x
17. Najaatra Chinese Cobra x x
6. Viperidae
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18. Cryptelytropsalbolabrix White-lipped pitviper, Bamboo snake
x x
II. TESTUDINES
7. Trionychidae
19. Pelodiscussinensis Chinese softshell turtle
x
Total 16 7 2 13 1
Notes: (1): Residential area; (2) Agricultural area; (3) surface area of the plant; (4) Plantation forest and hilly forest; (5) Mud and sand on seashore
Table1.6. Diversity of herpetology fauna based on habitat typesin the project area
No
Classanimal
Species quantity
Residentialarea
Agricultural area
Dumpinggroundarea
Plantation forestand hillyforest
Mud andsand onseashore
1 Amphibian 8 7 5 5 12 Reptiles 16 7 2 13 1
Total 24 14 7 18 2
Table 1.6 shows that the herpetology fauna is not diverse. However, this area is houses a number of 7 threatened species (24.13% of the total species number, Table 1.7). It is important to note that the range of animals overlaps in different habitat types and it also depends on the seasons.
Table1.7. Threatened amphibian and reptiles Species Recorded inthe Project Area
No Scientific name English name SDVN 2007 ND32/2006
1. Physignathuscocincinus Indochineses waterdragon
VU
2. Gekko gecko Tockay, Gecko VU
3. Coelognathusradiatus Copperhead racer, Radiated rat snake
VU IIB
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4. Ptyaskorros Indochineses rat snake
EN
5. Bungarusfasciatus Banded krait EN IIB
6. Bungarusmulticinctus Many-banded krait IIB
7. Najaatra Chinese Cobra EN
Notes: SDVN (2007): Red Data Book of Vietnam 2007: EN: Endangered; VU: Vulnerable. ND32/2006: The Governmental Decree No32/2006/ND-CP: IIB: Limit of exploitation and use.
Table 1.7 shows that 7 threatened species are listed in the Vietnam Red Data Book (2007) and the Government Decree No 32/2006/ND-CP.
NEW SPECIES OF ADDITIONAL SPECIES COMPOSITION IN PROJECT AREAGehyra mutilata:
Pelodiscus sinensis: Interview
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
Hylarana macrodactylus Eutropis multifasciata
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
PART 2
RESULTS OF INVENTORY BIODIVERSITY IN TERM OF BIRD AND MAMALIA
2.1. Survey areaThe field work was conducted from October 8-12, 2013 in the
following communes: HaiThuong, Hai Yen, Mai Lam, TinhHai and NghiSon (Depth water Nghi SonPort area).
Survey transects were set up in different habitat types: coastal areas, residential area, rice fields, andhilly forest. The diameter of the survey area varies from 8 km from the main plants.
Survey duration: 7:30-18h per day from 8thto 12thOctober 2013.
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Method for Mammalian Survey (records of mammals)Mammalian survey was carried out at almost all the locations
in theNghi Son petrochemical project area including 5 communes: HaiThuong, HaiYen, Mai Lam, TinhHai and Nghi Son with the area ofabout 6.400ha.
Mammals were recorded through direct observation, from identifying their tracks, droppings, feeding evidences, claw-marks or other signs. The main biota types included tidal beach, rice-field, shrubs, hills and mountains.
Several interviews were conducted with local hunters, mammalian trappers, long-lived local residents and shops selling wild animals. Color photographs were used to confirm the occurrence of mammal species in the area.
In addition, species were also identified by hunting trophies (e.g., skulls, skins, tails and other mammal parts), that were displayed in hunter’s houses.
Specimens of small mammals were collected by traps or nets.
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The names of the mammal species were identified according toCorbet and Hill (1992), Dao VanTienand Dang Huy Huynh (1994), Le Vu Khoi (2000).
2.2.2. Method for Avian Survey (Records of Birds)Birds were recorded through direct observation or from their
calls. Specimens of some small bird species were collected by using mist nets (sizes 3x1 2m and 3x1 8m) to catch and identify them but were then released to the natural environment. Doubtful bird specimens were brought to the laboratory for further identification.
Interviews were conducted with local hunters, trappers, long-lived local residents and shops selling wild animals. Color photographs were used to support species identification.
In addition, species were recorded through hunting trophies such as feathers from a bird’s wing, bird’s beak, bird’s legs andother bird parts that were displayed in local hunters’ houses.
Bird species were identified by using the literature cited as below :
- “A field guide to the birds of Thailand and South-East Asia” (Craig Robson, 2000) and “The Birds of Vietnam” (Nguyen Cu,Le TrongTrai, and Karen Philipps 2000).
- Taxonomy follows Inskipp et al. (1996).- Name of species according to Vo Quy and Nguyen Cu (1999)
and Sibley and Monroe (1990).- Evaluation of threatened species based on the Red Data
Book of Vietnam (2007);- The Governmental Decree No 32/2006/ND-CP (2006).
2.3. ResultsBased on direct observations and interviews, 15 species (8
families, 5 orders) of mammals, 54 species (14 families, 5 orders) of birds, 22 species (7 families, 1 order) of reptiles and 11 species (4 families, 1 order) of amphibians were recorded in the project area. However, the diversity of migration birds
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
was deficient due to the survey time which did not coincide with the migration season, especially the water birds that often search for food at coastal alluvial beaches and the mangrove forest. The main habitat type of the Nghi Son refinery-petrochemical complex zone is agricultural land. The total area of the Nghi Son refinery-petrochemical complex is 340 ha and the study area covered 6.400ha (including surrounding communes).
Composition and distribution of Mammalian, bird, reptile andamphibian species were recorded at the project area as shown in the tables below:
Table 2.1. Composition and distribution of Mammal Species in theproject area
No Scientific Name English Name Ecosystem(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
I. SCANDENTIA TREE-SHREWS
1. Tupaidae Tree-Shrews x
1 Tupaiabelangeri Common Tree-Shrew
II. SORICOMOPHA INSECTIVORES
2. Soricidae Shrews
2 Crociduraattennuata Grey Shrew x x
3 Suncusmurinus House Shrew x x
III. CHIROPTERA BATS
3. Hipposideridae Trident Bats
4 Aselliscusstoliczkanus Stoliczka’s TridentBat
x x
4. Pteropodidae Fruit Bats
5 Macroglossusminimus Common Long-TonguedFruit bat
x x
IV. PHOLIDOTA PANGOLINS
6 Viverrazibetha Large Indian Civet x x
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5. Herpestidae Mongooses
7 Herpestesjavanicus Small AsianMongoose
x x
8 Herpestesurva Crab-EatingMongoose
x x
V. RODENTIA VIII. RODENTS
6. Sciuridae Non-FlyingSquirrels
Callosciurinae Non-Flying Squirrels
Subfamily
9 Callosciuruserythraeus Palla’s Squirrel x
10 Callosciurusinornatus Irrawaddy Squirrel x
7. Spalacidae Bamboo Rats
11 Rhizomyspruinosus Hoary Bamboo Rat x
8. Muridae Rats
12 Muscaroli Ryukyu Mouse x x x
13 Musmusculus House Mouse x
14 Rattuslosea Lesser Rice-FieldRat
15 Rattustanezumi House Rat x x
Total 0 5 3 6 10
Notes: (1): tidal mud flat; (2): residential area; (3):agricultural area; (4): shrub area; (5): plantation forest andhilly forest.
Table 2.2. Distribution of Bird Species in the project area
No Scientific Name English NameEcosystem
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)I. GALLIFORMES
1. Phasianidae
1 Francotinuspincadeanus ChineseFrancolin
x x
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II. CORACIIFORMES
2. Alcedinidae
2 Alcedoatthis CommonKingfisher
x x x
3. Halcyonidae
3 Halcyon smyrnensis White-throatedKingfisher
x x x
4 Halcyon pileata Black-cappedKingfisher
x x
III. CUCULIFORMES
4. Centropodidae
5 Centropussinensis Greater Coucal x x x x
6 Centropusbengalensis Lesser Coucal x x x x
IV. COLUMBIFORMES
6. Columbidae
7 Streptopeliatranquebarica Red CollaredDove
x x x x
8 Streptopeliachinensis Spotted Dove x x x x
9 Treroncurvirostra Thick-billedGreen Pigeon
x x
V. CICONIIFORMES
7. Scolopacidae
10 Tringanebularia CommonGreenshank
x
11 Actitishypoleucos CommonSandpiper
x x
8. Charadriidae
12 Himantopushimantopus Black-wingedStilt
x x
13 Charadriusdubius Little RingedPlover
x x
14 Charadriusalexandrinus Kentish Plover x
9. Laridae
15 Sterna sp. Tern x
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10. Accipitridae
16 Milvusmigrans Black Kite x x
11. Falconidae
17 Falco severus Oriental Hobby x x
12. Podicipedidae18 Egrettagarzetta Little Egret x x x x x19 Casmerodius alba Great Egret x x x x x20 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egre x x x x x21 Ardeolabacchus Chinese Pond
Heronx x x
22 Butoridesstriatus Litle Heron x
23 Nycticoraxnycticorax Black-crownedNight Heron
24 Laniuscollurioides Burmese Shrike x x x x x25 Corvusmacrorhynchos Large-billed
Crowx
26 Hypothymisazurea Black-napedMonarch
x x x
27 Dicrurusmacrocercus Black Drongo x x x x
28 Dicrurusleucophaeus Ashy Drongo x x x x
29 Culicicapaceylonensis Grey-headedCanaryflycatcher
x x x
30 Copsychussaularis OrientalMagpie Robin
x x x x x
31 Sturnusnigricolis Black-collaredStarling
x x
32 Acridotherestristis Common Myna x x x x
33 Acridotherescristatellus Crested Myna x x x x
34 Parus major Great Tit x x x
35 Hirundorustica Barn Swallow x x
36 Hirundodaurica Red-rumpedSwallow
x x
37 Pycnonotusjocosus Red-whiskeredBulbul
x x x x
38 Pycnonotussinensis Light-ventedBulbul
x x x
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39 Pycnonotuscafer Red-ventedBulbul
x x x x
40 Pycnonotusaurigaster Sooty-headedBulbul
x x x
41 Pycnonotusfinlaysoni Stripe-throatedBulbul
x x
42 Alophoixuspalidus Puff-throatedBulbul
x x
43 Cisticolajuncidis ZittingCisticola
x x x x x
44 Priniasubflava Plain Prinia x x
45 Orthotomussutorius CommonTailorbird
x x x x
46 Orthotomusatrogularis Dack-neckedTailorbird
x x x x
47 Macronousgularis Striped TitBabbler
x x x
13. Nectariniidae
48 Dicaeumconcolor PlainFlowerpecker
x x x
49 Dicaeumcruentatum Scarlet-backedPlowerpecker
x x x
50 Nectariniajugularis Olive-backedSunbird
x x x
51 Aethopigasiparaja CrimsonSunbird
x x x
52 Arachrotheralongirostra LittleSpiderhunter
x x
14. Passeridae
53 Passer montanus Eurasian TreeSparrow
x x x x x
54 Anthusrichardi Richard'sPipit
x x x
Total 21 36 28 37 37
Notes: (1): tidal mud flat; (2): residential area; (3): agricultural area; (4): shrub area; (5): plantation forest and hilly forest.
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Table 2.3. Diversity of Vertebrate Fauna based on habitattypes in the project area
No Animal Class
Species quantity
tidal mudflat
residential area
agricultural area
shrubarea
plantation forestand hillyforest
1 Mammal 0 5 3 6 102 Bird 21 36 28 37 373 Reptile
4 Amphibians
Total
Results at Table 3.1 and 3.2 shows that the composition of vertebrate animals (animals and birds) in the project area has low abundance and diverse. These can be explained by the low diversity of living conditions for species, mainly artificial forest such as eucalyptus plantations and agricultural ecosystem ... However, most of the animals found in the project area have distributed widely scope and without species in the list of threatened species in Vietnam.
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Result reportinventory biodiversity in term of terrestrial fauna and flora for Nghi Son refinery and petrochemical complex project
PART 3
RESULTS OF INVENTORY BIODIVERSITY IN TERM OF TERRESTRIAL FLORA
3.1. Survey areaRegional survey was implemented in the area of 64km2,
including dumping ground area of the Nghi Son refinery-petrochemical complex and neighboring communes: Tinh Hai, Bac Yen, Trung Hieu, Nam Yen Yen, Mai Lam
Survey transects were set up in different habitat types, including residential area; agricultural area; dumping ground area; plantation forest and hilly forest; mudand sand on seashore.
3.2. Methods
3.2.1. Content of subject report Biodiversity in the terrestrial ecosystem (botany)
Define the ecosystems in 64km2 in and around the factoryarea.
List of flora species categories for each ecosystem.Describe type of vegetation cover for each ecosystem.Lists of useful floral species: timber trees, medicinal
trees, plants for human food, and cattle, plants for constructionmaterial, plants for making handicrafts, ornamental trees, resin trees, tanin trees, attar trees etc.
Reckon botany categories in the regional ecosystem.Describe floristic composition types according to each
ecosystem.Define valuable and rare species stipulated in Vietnam Red
Data Book (2007), Vietnam Red List as IUCN (2007) and Government Decree No. 32/2006 ND-CP about valuable and rare zoology and botany, endemic species (if any) expressed in the species distribution map.
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Define exotic and threatened species (if any).Compare with the result in the previous evaluation of flora
terrestrial ecosystems to find out the changes remarkably to suggest solutions to restrict negative impacts, manage, protect and minimize impacts from project operations
3.2.2. Method of Field WorkSecondary data collection: inherit the involved previous
studies. Primary data collection:Interview people about socio-economic matters and other
issues;Take notes, take photographs and measure co-ordinates by
GPS, collect samples of strange and unknown name plants in the field.
Investigate and collect plant samples followed the classical method in botanical study (Klein, 1979; Nguyen Nghia Thin, 1997, 2007):
Take notes: Sample number, sampling date, sampling place and collector.
Take notes: Plant characteristic, colors of trunk, leaves, flower, fruit, form of life and habitat.
Specimens were pressed in a newspaper, soaked in 96oC spirit, packed in nylon and dried, stored and given a specified scientific name in the lab.
Standard quadrats (10mx10m) were established according to Whitaker (1972) and Fransisco Dallmier (1998) to study the vegetation in each ecosystem (identify species, measure at chest height (1.3m) plants having 10cm and above diameters and count the number of individual.
3.2.3. Lab methodThe specimens were flatly pressed on old 24x42 cm squared
newspaper in temperatures between 50-700C, ensuring the samples dried gradually, not crispy and fired.
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3.2.4. Scientific Name DefinitionAnalyze samples and identify the scientific name of plant
species by morphological comparison method, based on specialized documentation from Vietnam, France and China, books and other relevant documents used in previous studies for a socio-economic project in Thanh Hoa.
Compare with the results of previous study by the Centre for Environmental – Geo and Terrestrial Planning in pre-construction phase of project
3.3. Results
3.3.1.The composition of terrestrial flora in project areaSurvey results in the study area has identified 447
terrestrial plant species belonging to 110 families, 4 phylum.
Table 3.1. The checked list of terrestrial flora species inproject area
No. Scientific Name Vietnamese Name
Usedvalue
Ecosystemclassificat
ion
I. LYCOPODIOPHYTA NGÀNH THÔNG ĐẤT
1.Lycopodiaceae Họ Thông đất
1 Lycopodium cernuum L. Thông đất 5 1, 2
2 L. complanatum L. Thông đất lá dẹt 5 1, 2
2.Selaginellaceae Họ Quyển bá
3 Selaginella biformis A.Braunex Kuhn
Quyển bá 1, 2
4 S. monospora Spring Quyển bá đơn bào tử 1, 2
5 S. rolandi-principis Alston Cỏ hoa đá 1, 2
II.POLYPODIOPHYTA NGÀNH DƯƠNG XỈ
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3. Adiantaceae Họ tóc vệ nữ
6 Acrostichum aureum L. Ráng 4
7 Pteris cadieri Christ Quyết đuôi phiến lệch 5 1, 2
8 P.linearis Poir Ráng sẹo gà dải 2 1, 2
9 P.multifida Poir Quyết đuôi xẻ nhiều 2 1, 2
4. Aspleniaceae Họ Tổ điều
10 A.scortechinii Bedd. Ráng can xi 1, 2
11 Blechnum orientale L. Ráng dưà 5 1, 2
5.Cyatheaceae Họ Dương xỉ mộc
12 Microlepia marginata(Hout.) C.Chr.
Ráng vi lân 1, 2
13 M.pilosusa Wall. Ex C.Presl. Ráng vi lân lông mịn 1, 2
14 Pteridium aquilinum (L.)Kuhn.
5 1, 2
15 Histiopteris incisa (Thumb.)J.Sm
Ráng ngũ vị 1, 2
6.Gleicheniaceae Họ Guột, Tế 1, 2
16 Dicranopteris dichotoma (Thunb.) Bernh.
Ráng tây sơn 2 1, 2
17 D.linearis (Burm.f.) Under W.
Guột 5, 8 1, 2
7.Polypodiaceae Họ Ráng
18 Colysis digitata (Baker) Ching
1, 2
8.Schizeaceae Họ Bòng bong
19 Lygodium conforme C.Chr. Bòng bong to 1, 2
20 L.flexuosum (L.) Sw. Bòng bong dịu 2 1, 2, 6
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21 L.japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. Bòng bong Nhật 2 1, 2, 6
22 L.microphyllum Cav. Bòng bong lá nhỏ 2 1, 2
III. PINOPHYTA NGÀNH THÔNG
9.Araucariaceae Họ Bách tán
23 Araucaria columnaris (G.Forst.) Hook.
Bách tán 1,5
6
10.Cuppressaceae Họ Trắc bách diệp
24 Thuja orientalis L. Trắc bách diệp 1,5
6
11.Pinaceae Họ Thông
25 Pinus merkusiana Cool et Gaus.
Thông nhựa, thông 2 lá 1, 6 1
IV.MAGNOLIOPHYTA NGÀNH NGỌC LAN
A.MAGNOLIOPSIDA LỚP HAI LÁ MẦM
12. Acanthaceae Họ Ô rô
26 Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. Thanh táo 2 6
27 Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. Cát đằng thơm 2
28 T.grandiflora Roxb. Dây bông báo 2 1, 2
13. Amaranthaceae Họ Rau dền
29 Amaranthus lividus L. Dền tía 3 6, 7
30 A.hybrydus L. Dền đuôi chồn 2,3, 9
6, 7
31 A.spinosus L. Dền gai 9 3, 6, 7
32 A.tricolor L. Dền canh 3 5, 6
33 A.viridis L. Dền xanh 3 3, 6
34 Archyranthes aspera L. Cỏ xước 2 3, 6
35 Celosia argentea L. Mồng gà 2, 5 3, 6
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14. Anacardiaceae Họ Đào lộn hột
36 Allospondias lakonensis (Pierre) Staf
Dâu da xoan 1, 3 2, 6
37 Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) Burtt etHill
Xoan nhừ 1 2
38 Dracontomelon duperreanum Pierre
Sấu 1, 3 6
39 Mangifera reba Pierre Xoài 1, 3 6
40 Pegia sarmentosa (Lec.) Hand-Mazz.
Sấu leo 2
41 Rhus chinensis Muller 2
42 Semecarpus tonkinensis Lec. Sưng Bắc bộ 2
43 Toxicodendron succedanea (L.) Mold.
Sơn rừng 6 2
15.Ancistrocladaceae Họ Trung quân
44 Ancistrocladus tectorius (Lour.) Merr.
Dây Trung quân 2, 5 1, 2
16. Annonaceae
45 Annona squamosa L. Mãng cầu 2, 3 6
46 Annona muricata L. * Mãng cẫu xiêm 2, 3 6
47 Artabotrys petelotii Merr. Công chúa 2
48 Dasymaschalon rostratum Merr.et Chun
Mao quả 5 2
49 Desmos chinensis Lour. Hoa dẻ 5 1, 2
50 Polyalthia cerasoides Benth.Et Hook.
Nhọc lá nhỏ 1 2
51 Uvaria microcarpa Champ.et Bù dẻ quả nhỏ 2 2
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Benth.
17.Apiaceae Họ Hoa tán
52 Anethum graveolens L. Thì là 2, 3 6
53 Centella asiatica (L.)Urb. Rau má 2, 3 3, 6
54 Cnidium monnierii(L.) Cuss. Giần sàng 2, 3 3
55 Coriandrum sativum L. Rau mùi 2, 3 6
56 Eryngium foetidum L. Mùi tầu 2, 3 7
57 Hydrocotyle chevalieri (Chern.) Tardieur
Rau má chevalier 2, 3 5
18.Apocynaceae Họ Trúc đào
58 Alyxia siamensis Craib. Ngôn thái 2
59 Alstonia scholaris R.Br. Sữa 5 2, 6
60 Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don
Dừa cạn 2 6, 7
61 Cerbera manghas L.ex Gaertn. Mật sát, óc mướp 11 6, 7
62 Ervatamia hoabinhnensis Ly Ớt rừng 2 1, 2
63 Plumeria rubra L. Đại 2, 5 6
64 Strophanthus caudatus (Burm.f.) Kurz
Sừng trâu 2 1, 2
65 S.divaricatus (Lour.)Hook.etArn.
Sừng dê đuôi 2 2
66 Tabernaemontana bovina Lour. Lài trâu 2 2
67 Xylinabariopsis napeensis (Quint) Metc
Dây bói cá 2 2
68 Wrightia pubescens R. Br. Thừng mực lông 1 2
69 W.tomentora (Roxb.)Roem & Schult
Thừng mực 1 2
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19. Araliaceae Họ Nhân sâm
70 Aralia armata (Wall.) Seem. Đơn châu chấu, Cẩm ràng
2, 5 2
71 A.dasyphylla Miq. Đơn châu chấu 2, 5 2
72 Polyscias filicifolia Balf. Đinh lăng 2, 5 6
73 Schefflera octophylla (Lour.) Hams
Chân chim 2, 3 6
20. Asclepiadaceae Họ Thiên lý
74 Streptocaulon griffithii Hook.f.
Hà thủ ô trắng 2 123
75 Toxocarpus ovalifolius Tsiang
Tiêu quả lá xoan 1, 2, 6
76 T. wightianus Hook. & Arn. Tiêu quả Wight 1, 2
77 Tylophora harmandii Cost. Đầu dài 2 2
21. Asteraceae Họ Cúc
78 Ageratum conyzoides L. Cứt lợn 2 3, 6, 7
79 Artemisia campestris L. Ngải cứu biển 2 7
80 A. japonica Thunb. Ngải cứu rừng 2, 3 2
81 A. vulgaris L. Ngải cứu thường 2 6
82 Aster ageratoides Turcz. Cúc lá ba gân 2 2
83 Bidens pilosa L. Đơn buốt 2 2, 3, 6
84 Blumea balsamifera (L.)DC. Từ bi xanh 2 2, 3
85 B.lanceolaria (Roxb.)Druce var.Spertabilis (DC.) Rand
Xương sông 2, 3 6
86 Carpesium abrotanoides L. Cẩu nhi 2, 3 2, 3
87 Crassocephalum crepodioides Rau tầu bay 2 2
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(Benth.)Moore
88 Dichrocephala integrifolia (L.f.) Kuntze
Lưỡng sắc 2
89 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Nhọ nồi 2 3, 6
90 Elephantopus scaber L. Cúc chân voi nhám 2 3, 6
91 E. mollis H.B.K Cúc chân voi mềm 2 3, 6
92 Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. Cây rau má lá rau muống 3, 6
93 Enhydra fructuans Lour. Rau ngổ 2,3, 9
4
94 Erechtites hieracifolia (L.)Raf. ex DC.
Hoàng thất 2, 3 3
95 E.valerianifolia (L.) DC. Rau tàu bay lá xẻ 3
96 Eupatorium odoratum L. Cộng sản 2 1, 2, 3
97 Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers. Rau khúc 3 6
98 Grangea maderaspatana (L.)Poir
Cải đồng 2, 3 6
99 Gynura auriculata Cass. Kim thất 2 3
100
G .lycopersicifolia DC. Kim thất 2, 3 3
101
G. pseudochina (L.) DC. Rau bầu đất 2, 3 3
102
Lactuca indica L. Bồ công anh 2, 3 2, 3, 6
103
Launaea sarmentosa (Willd.) Sch.-Bip. exKuntze
Diếp biển 3 6, 7
104
Pluchea indica (L.) Less. Cúc tần 2 6, 7
10 Siegesbeckia orientalis L. Hy thiêm 2 3
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5
106
Solidago virgaurea L. Cúc giải độc 2, 5 3
107
Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.)A.Gray
Quỳ dại 2, 5 3, 6
108
Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham Bông bạc 1, 2 3
109
Wedelia biflora (L.)DC. Sơn cúc biển 2 3
110
W.chinensis (Osb.) Merr. Sài đất 2 2, 3, 6
111
Xanthium inaequilaterum DC. Ké đầu ngựa 2 2, 3, 6
112
X.strumarium L. Ké 2 2, 3, 6
22. Bignoniaceae Họ Núc nác
113
Oroxylon indicum (L.) Vent. Núc nác 2, 3 6
23.Bombacaceae Họ Gạo
114
Bombax ceiba L. Gạo 2 6
115
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. Bông gòn 2 6
24.Brassicaceae
116
Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes L.
Su hào 3, 4 6
117
B. juncea L.) Czern. Cải canh 3 6
118
B.oleracea L.var.capitata L. Bắp cải 3, 4 6
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25. Capparaceae Họ Màn màn
119
Cleome chelidonii L. * Màn màn hoa tím 2 3, 6
120
Cleome viscosa L. * Màn màn hoa vàng 2 3, 6
26. Caprifoliaceae Họ Kim ngân
121
Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kim ngân 2 2
27.Caricaceae Họ Đu đủ
122
Carica papaya L. Đu đủ 2,3, 9
6
28. Cassuarinaceae Họ Phi lao
123
Cassuarina equisetifolia Forst.
Phi lao 1, 5 7
29.Cactaceae Họ Thanh long
124
Cereus peruvianus (L.) Mill. Xương rồng khế 5 6, 7
125
Hylocereus undatus (Haw) Britt.et Rore
Thanh long 3 6
126
Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw
Xương rồng bẹt, Vợtgai
6, 7
30. Celastraceae Họ Dây gối
127
Salacia cochinchinensis Lour.* Chóc mao 2, 3 1, 2
31. Ceratophyllaceae Họ Rong đuôi chó
128
Ceratophyllum demersum L.* Rong đuôi chó 5 4
32.Chenopodiaceae Họ Rau muối
12 Chenopodium ficifolium Sw. Rau muối 2, 7
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9 3, 7
33. Combretaceae Họ Bàng
130
Quisqualis indica L. Dây giun 2 2
131
Terminaria catappa L. Cây bàng 1, 5 7
34.Connaraceae Họ Dây khế rừng
132
Cnestis palala (Lour.) Merr. Dây khế 2
133
Rourea minor (Gaertn.) Leenh.
Tróc cẩu 2
134
R.oligophlebia Merr. Lủa ít gân 2
35. Convolvulaceae Họ Bìm bìm
135
Argyreia capitata (Vahl.) Choisy
Dây bạc thau 2 2
136
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Rau muống 3, 9 4
137
I .batatas (L.) Poir.in Lamk.
Khoai lang 2,3, 9
5, 6
138
I. biflora (L.) Pers Bìm hai hoa 5 6
139
I. pes-caprae (L.) R.Br. Rau muống biển 2 7
36.Crassulaceae Họ Thuốc bỏng
140
Kalanchoe pinnata (Lamk.) Oken
Trường sinh 2 6
37.Cucurbitaceae Họ Bầu bí
141
Gymnopetalum cochinchinensis
Cứt quạ 2 2
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(Lour.) Kurz
142
G. laxum (Wall.) Cogn. Thư tràng 2 2
143
Cucurbita pepo L. Bí đỏ 3 5, 6
144
Benincasa hispida (Thunb)Cogn.
Bí đao 3 5, 6
145
Lagenaria siceraria (Molina)Stande
Bầu 3 5, 6
146
Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. Mướp 3 6
147
Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.)Spreng.
Gấc 2, 3 6
148
Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour.
Qua lâu ba mũi 2
149
Zehneria indica (Lour.) Keraud.
Dưa chuột dại Ấn 2
38.Dilleniaceae
150
Dillenia heterosepala Finet et Gagnep.
Lọng bàng 1 2
151
Tetracera scandens (L.) Merr.
Dây chạc chìu 2, 5 1, 2
39.Dipterocarpaceae Họ Dầu
152
Hopea odorata Roxb. Sao đen 1, 5 6
40.Ebenaceae Họ Thị
153
Diospyros decandra Lour. Thị 3 6
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154
D.eriantha Champ.ex Benth. Thị lọ nồi 1 6
155
D. kaki L.f. Hồng 3 6
41.Elaeagnaceae
156
Elaeagnus latifolia L. Nhót 3 6
42.Euphorbiaceae Họ Thầu dầu
157
Alchornea rugos (Lour.) Muell.-Arg.
Bọ nẹt gợn 2 2
158
A.tiliifolia (Benth.)Muell-Arg.
2
159
Antidesma ambiguum Pax & Hoffm.
3 2
160
Aporosa dioica (Roxb.)Muell.- Arg.
1, 2
161
Aporosa sphaerosperma Gagnep.
Thàu táu hạt tròn 1, 2
162
Breynia augustifolia Hook.f. 2 2
163
B. fructicosa (L.) Hook.f. Bồ cu vẽ thường 2 1, 2
164
Bridelia monoica (Lour.) Merr.* Đỏm lông 1, 2
165
Claoxylon longifolium (Blume)Endl. Ex Hassk.
Mọ lá dài 2
166
Euphorbia antiquorum L. Xương rồng 6
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167
E. hirta L. Cỏ sữa lá lớn 2 3, 6
168
E. hypericifolia L. Cỏ sữa lá nhỏ 2 3, 6
169
E. tirucalli L. * Xương khô, cành giao 6
170
Glochidion assamicum (Muell.-Arg.)Hook. f.
Sóc assam 2
171
G.daltonii(Muell.-Arg.) Kurz Bọt ếch lá kiếm 2
172
G.eriocarpum Champ. Bọt ếch có lông 2 2
173
Homonoia riparia Lour. Rì rì 2 4
174
Hura crepitans L. Vông đồng 2 6
175
Macaranga denticulata (Blume) Muell.
1 2
176
Mallotus apelta (Lour.)Muell.-Arg.
Bùng bục trắng 2
177
M.barbatus Muell.-Arg. Bùng bục 2 1, 2
178
M.philippensis (Lamk.)Muell.-Arg.
Cánh kiến 2, 6 2
179
M.paniculatus (Lamk.) Muell.-Arg.
Bùng bục nâu 2
180
Manihot esculenta Crantz Sắn, Củ mỳ 3, 4 5, 6
181
Phyllanthus emblica L. Me rừng 2, 5 2
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182
P. reticulatus Poir. Phèn đen 2 2, 6
183
P. urinaria L. Chó đẻ 2 3, 6
184
P. vigratus Forst. 2 3, 6
185
Sapium discolor(Champ.ex Benth.) Muell.-Arg.
Sòi tía 1, 2 2
186
S.sebiferum (L.) Roxb. 1, 2 2
187
S. rotundifolium Hemsl. 1 2
188
Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.
Rau ngót 2, 3 6
43.Fabaceae Họ Đậu
189
Acacia auriculaeformis A.Cunn. Ex Benth.
Keo lá tràm 1 1
190
A.magnum Willd. Keo tai tượng 1 1
191
Adenanthera microspermaTeijmet Binn.
Muồng ràng ràng 1 1
192
A. pavonina L. Trạch quạch 1 2
193
Albizia corniculata (Kost.) I.Niels.
Muồng móc 1 2
194
Arachis hypogea L. Đậu phụng 3 5
195
Bauhinia bracteata(Benth)Baker
Dây cánh dơi 2, 5 2
19 B.hirsuta Weinm. Móng bò lông 2, 5 2
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6
197
B. scandens L. Móng bò leo 2, 5 2
198
Caesalpinia minax Hance Vuốt hùm 2
199
Crotalaria juncea L. Lục lạc sợi 2 3
200
Desmodium gangeticum (L.)DC. Thóc lép 2 2, 3, 5
201
D.heterocarpon (L.) DC. Thóc lép dị quả 2 2, 3
202
D.trifolium (L.) DC. Hàn the ba hoa 2, 3, 5
203
D.velutinum (Willd.) DC. Thóc lép nhung 2, 3, 5
204
Dolichos lablab L. Đậu ván 3 6
205
Derris trifoliata Lour. Cóc kèn 7
206
Erythryna variegata L. Vông nem 2, 5 6
207
Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Merr.
Đậu tóp mỡ lá to 2, 3
208
Glycine soja Sieb.et Zucc. Đậu tương 3, 4 5
209
Leucoena leucocephala(Lamk.)de Wit.
Keo dậu 7 1
210
Mimosa pigra L. Mai dương 6, 7 4, 6
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211
M. pudica L. Trinh nữ 2 3, 6
212
Pueraria montana (Lour.)Merr.
Sắn dây núi 2
213
Sophora javanica L.f. Hoa hoè 2 6
214
Uraria crinita (L.)Devs. Ex DC.
Hầu vĩ 3
215
Vigna radiata (L.) Wilezek Đậu xanh 2, 3 6
216
V.unguiculata (L.) Walp. Đậu đen 2, 3 6
44.Goodeniaceae Họ Hếp
217
Scaevola taccada (Gaetn.) Roxb.
Hếp 2 7
45.Guttiferae (Clusiaceae) Họ Bứa
218
Cratoxylon formosum (Jack.) Dyer
Thành ngạnh dẹt 1 2
219
Cratoxylon cochinchinensis (Lour.) Blume
Thành ngạnh 1 2
220
Garcinia cowa Roxb. Tai chua 1, 3 2
46.Icacinaceae Họ Thụ đào
221
Iodes cirrhosa Turcz. Tử quả 2 2
47.Ixonanthaceae Họ Hà nu
222
Ixonanthes reticulata Jack. Đà nam 1 2
48.Juglandaceae Họ Hồ đào
22 Engelhardtia Chẹo 1 2
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3 roxburghianaWall.
49.Labiatae Họ Bạc hà
224
Coleus amboinicus Lour. Húng chanh 3 6
225
E.ciliata (Thunb.) Hyland. Kinh giới 3, 7 6
226
Mentha aquatica L. Húng láng 2,3, 7
6
227
Ocimum basilicum L. Húng quế 3 6
228
O. tenuiflorum L. Hương nhu tía 7 6
229
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton
Tía tô 3, 7 6
50. Lauraceae Họ Long lão
230
Actinodaphne pilosa (Lour.) Merr. *
Bộp lông, Bồ đệt 2
231
Alseodaphne mollis W.W.Sm. Sụ lông mềm 1, 7 2
232
Beilschmiedia laevis Allen Chắp trơn 1, 7 2
233
Casssytha filiformis L. * Tơ xanh 2 1, 2, 6
234
Cinnamomum bonii Lecomte Re Bon 1, 7 2
235
C. kunstleri Ridl. Re kun 1, 7 2
236
Litsea balansae Lecomte Bời lời Balansa 1, 7 2
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237
L.cubeba (Lour.) Pers. Màng tang 1, 7 2
238
L.lancifolia (Roxb.ex Nees) Hook.f.
Bời lời lá mác 1, 7 2
239
L.umbellata (Lour.) Merr. Bời lời 1, 7 2
240
L.verticillata Hance Bời lời lá mọc vòng 1, 7 2
51.Leeaceae Họ Gối hạc
241
Leea guinensis G.Don Gối hạc 2 2
52.Lecythidaceae Họ Lộc vừng
242
Barringtonia acutangula Gaertn.
Lộc vừng 1, 5 6
53.Loranthaceae Họ Tầm gửi
243
Helixanthes parasitica Lour. Tầm gửi ký sinh 2 6
54.Magnoliaceae Họ Ngọc lan
244
Manglietia conifera Dandy Mỡ 1 1
245
M.dandy (Gagnep.) Dandy Dạ hợp 1, 5 6
246
Michelia champaca L. Ngọc lan vàng 1, 5 6
55.Malvaceae Họ Bông
247
Abelmoschus moschatus Medi. Bụp vang 2 7
248
Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet 2 6, 7
24 Hibiscus mutabilis L. Phù dung 2, 5 6
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250
H. tiliaceus L. Tra làm chiếu 2 7
251
H. rosa-sinensis L. Dâm bụt 2, 5 6
252
Helicteres angustifolia L. Tổ kén hẹp 2, 5 2, 6
253
H. hirsuta Lour. Tổ kén lông 2, 6
254
Kydia calycina Roxb. Bò ké dài 3, 5
255
K. glabrescens Mast. Bò ké nhẵn 3, 5
256
Sida acuta Burm.f. Ké hoa vàng chồi 2 3, 5, 6
257
S. rhombifolia L. Ké hoa vàng thoi 2 3, 5, 6
258
S. subcordata Span. Ké hoa vàng lá tim 2 3, 5, 6
259
Urena lobata L. Ké hoa đào 2 3, 5, 6
56.Melastomataceae
260
Blastus cochinchinensis Lour.
2
261
Medinilla petelotii Merr. Me mái Petelo 2
262
Melastoma candidum D.Don Mua vảy 2 2
263
M. malabathricum L. Mua 3 2
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264
Memecylon edule Roxb. Ran, Sầm bù 2
265
Memecylon umbellatum Burm. f. *
Sầm tán 3 1, 2
266
Osbeckia chinensis L. Mua tép 2
57. Meliaceae Họ Xoan
267
Khaya senegalensis (Desr) A.Juss.
Xà cừ 1, 5 6
268
Melia azedarach L. Xoan nhà 1 6
58. Moraceae Họ Dâu tằm
269
Broussonetia papyrifera (L.)L’Her’. ExVent.
1, 9 2, 6
230
Ficus auriculata Lour. 3, 5 2
191
F. benjamina L. 5 2
152
F.fulva Reinw. ex Blume Ngái lông vàng hoe 2
113
F. heterophylla L.f. 2 2
74 Ficus hirta Vahl. Ngái lông 2
35 F. hispida L.f. 2
4 F.pubilimba Merr. 1, 5 2
43 F. religiosa L. 1, 5 6
82 Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner
2 2
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121
M. fruticosa (Roxb.) Corner 2 2
160
Morus alba L. Dâu tằm 2, 9 7
199
Streblus asper Lour. * Duối nhám 6
238
Streblus ilicifolius ( Vidal) Corner
Duối ô rô 1 2
277
Trophis scandens (Lour.) Hook. etArn.
2 2
59.Myrsinaceae Họ Đơn nem
278
Ardisia chinensis Benth. Cơm nguội 2
60. Myrtaceae
279
Baeckea frutescens L. Chổi xễ 2,7, 8
2
280
Cleistocalyx circumcissa (Gagnep.) Phamh.
Trâm ô 1,2, 3
6
281
Cleistocalyx nervosum DC. * Vối 6
282
Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.
Bạch đàn Úc 1,4, 7
1
283
E.exserta F.Muell. Bạch đàn liễu 1,4, 7
1
284
E. robusta J.E.Sm. Bạch đàn đỏ 1,4, 7
1
285
Psidium guajava L. Ổi 3, 7 6
286
Psidium littorale Raddi. * Ổi sẻ 2, 3 6
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287
Rhodamnia dumetorum (Poir.) Merr. *
Tiểu sim 1, 2
288
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.)Hassk.
Sim 3, 2 1, 2
289
Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.
Sắn thuyền 1, 6 2
61. Nyctaginaceae Họ Hoa giấy
290
Brougainvillea spectabilis Willd
Hoa giấy tím 5 6
291
B.spectabilis var.lateritia Lemaire
Hoa giấy đỏ 5 6
62. Oleaceae Họ Hoa nhài
292
Jasminum lanceolaria Roxb. Nhài mác 2 6
293
J. pedunculatum Gagn. Nhài cuống 2 6
294
J.subtriplinerve Blume Chè vằng 2 2, 6
295
Osmanthus matsumuranus Hayata
Mộc cọng 2 6
63. Onagraceae Họ Cỏ Mương
296
Ludwidgia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven *
Cỏ mương 4
64. Oxalidaceae Họ Khế
297
Averrhoa bilimbi L. Khế ngọt 2, 3 6
298
A. carambola L. 2, 3 6
299
Oxalis acetosella L. Chua me đất 2, 3 3, 5, 6
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300
Oxalis corniculata L. Chua me đất hoa vàng 2, 3 3, 5, 6
65.Passifloraceae Họ Lạc tiên
301
Adenia heterophylla (Blume) Koord.
Dây quạ đen khác lá 2
302
Passiflora foetida L. Lạc tiên 2, 3 6
66. Pedaliaceae Họ Vừng
303
Sesamum orientale L. Vừng, mè 2, 6 5, 6
67.Piperaceae Họ Hồ tiêu
304
Piper betle L. Trầu không 2,3
6
305
P. lolot C.DC. Lá lốt 3, 7 6
68.Plantaginaceae Họ Bông mã đề
306
Plantago major L. Bông mã đề 2, 3 6
69.Plumbaginaceae Họ Đuôi công
307
Plumbago zeylanica L Bạch hoa xà 2, 5 2
70.Polygonaceae Họ Rau răm
308
Polygonum barbatum L. Nghể râu 2 2, 3, 5
309
P. chinense L. Thồm lồm 2 2, 3, 5, 6
310
P. hydropiper L. Nghể răm 2, 3 4, 5, 6
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311
P. odoratum Lour. Rau răm 2, 3 6
312
Rumex nepalensis Spreng. Chút chít Nêpan 2 3, 5
313
R. wallichii Meisn. Chút chít 2 3, 5
71.Portulacaceae Họ Rau sam
314
Portulaca oleracea L. Rau sam 2, 3 3, 5, 6
315
P. quadrifida L. Sam nhỏ 2, 3 3, 5, 6
72.Rhamnaceae Họ Táo ta
316
Sageretia rugosa Hance Chanh châu nhám 2
317
Ventilago calyculata Tul. Dây đồng dài 2
318
V. leiocarpa Benth. Dây đồng bóng 2
319
Ziziphus oenoplia (L.) Mill. Táo rừng 2
73.Rhizophoraceae Họ Đước
320
Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr.
Xăng mã 1, 6 2
74.Rosaceae Họ Hoa hồng
321
Prunus armeniaca L. Mơ 3, 5 6
322
P. persica L. Đào 3, 5 6
323
P. salicina Lindl. Mận 3, 5 6
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324
Rosa chinensis Jacq. * Hoa hồng 6
325
Rubus alceaefolius Poir. Mâm xôi 2, 3 2, 6
326
R.cochinchinensis Tratt. Ngấy hương 2, 3 2
327
R.leucanthus Hance Mâm xôi bóng 2
328
R.moluccanus L. Mâm xôi góc tù 2
75.Rubiaceae Họ Cà phê 2
329
Canthium dicocum (Gaertn.) Teysm. &Binn.
Găng đôi 2
330
Hedyotis auricularia L. An điền 2
331
Ixora coccinea L. Trang, Đơn đỏ 5 2
332
Lasinthus balansae (Drake) Pit.
Xú hương Balansa 2
333
Morinda umbellata L. Mặt quỷ 2
334
Mussaenda cambodiana Pierre ex Pit.
Bướm bạc Cambodia 2 2
335
Paederia lanuginosa Wall. Mơ lông 2 6
336
Psychotria rubra (Lour.) Poit.
Lấu 2 2
337
Randia dasycarpa (Kurz) Bakh.f.
Găng trắng 1 2
33 Uncaria homomalla Miq. Câu đằng đồng 2 2
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339
Wendlandia acuminata Cowan Chà hươu 2
76. Rutaceae Họ Cam
340
Clausena excavata Burm.f. Hồng bì dại 2, 3 2
341
Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck. Bưởi 3 6
342
C.limonia Osbeck. Chanh 3 6
343
C. nobilis Lour. Cam sành 3 6
344
Euodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr.*
Ba chạc 2
345
Murrauya panicunata (L.) Jack.
Nguyệt quế 2, 5 6
346
Severinia monophylla (L.) B.C. Tan
Gai xanh 3 1, 2
347
Zanthoxylum avicenniae (Lam.) DC.
Muồng truổng 3 2
77. Sapindaceae Họ Bồ hòn
342
Allophylus caudatus Radlk. Ngoại mộc 7 2
343
Cardiospesmum halicacabum L. Dây tầm phong 2 2, 3
344
D.longan Lour. Nhãn 1, 3 6
345
Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. Chanh dành 1 2
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346
Litchi chinensis Sonn. Vải 1, 3 6
78.Sapotaceae Họ Hồng xiêm
347
Eberhardtia tonkinensis Lecomte
Mắc niễng Bắc 1 6
348
Planchonella obovata (R. Brown) Pierre *
Chòi, Mộc 2
79. Saururaceae Họ Diếp cá
349
Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Rau giếp cá 2, 3 6
80.Scrophulariaceae Họ Hoa mõm chó
350
Scoparia dulcis L. Cam thảo nam 2 3, 5, 6
351
Lindernia crustacea (L.) F.Muell. *
Lữ đằng 3, 5, 6
81.Simaroubaceae Họ Thanh thất
352
Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. Sầu đâu rừng 2 2
353
Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Bách bệnh 2 2
82.Solanaceae Họ Cà
354
Datura metel L. Cà độc dược 2 3, 5, 6
355
Lycianthes biflora (Lour.)Bitter
Cà hai hoa 2 3, 5, 6
356
Solanum erianthum D.Don Cà hoa lông 2 3, 5, 6
357
S. torvum Sw. 3, 5, 6
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358
S. diphyllum L. Cà dại, tiêu dại 3, 5, 6
83.Sterculiaceae Họ Trôm
359
Pterospermum diversifolium Blume
Lòng mang lá đa dạng 1 2
84.Theaceae
360
Camellia sinensis L. * Chè 6
85.Thymelaeaceae Họ Trầm
361
Wikstroemia indica (L.) C.A.Mey
1, 4 1, 2
86.Tiliaceae Họ Đay
362
Grewia asiatica L. Cò ke á 4
87. Ulmaceae Họ Du 2
363
Trema orientalis (L.) Blume Hu đay 1, 4 2
88. Urticaceae Họ Gai
364
Boehmeria malabarica Wedd. Bọ mắm 2
365
Elatostema balansae Gagn. Cao hùng Balansa 2
89.Verbenaceae Họ Cỏ roi ngựa
366
Callicarpa rubella Lindl. Tu hú đỏ 2
367
Clerodendrum chinense (Osbeck) Mabb.
Mò hoa trắng 5, 6
368
C. infortunatum L. 5, 6
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369
C.japonicum (Thunb.) Sweet Mò Nhật 2, 5 5, 6
370
Lantana camara L. Hoa ngũ sắc 2, 5 2, 3, 5, 6
371
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl.
Đuôi chuột 2, 3, 5, 6,7
372
Vitex rotundifolia L.* Từ bi biển 7
90.Vitaceae Họ Nho
373
Cissus triloba (Lour.)Merr. Dây chìa vôi 2 2
B. LILIOPSIDA LỚP LOA KÈN
91.Agavaceae Họ Agao
374
Agave sisalana Per. Dứa sợi 2, 4 2, 3
375
Dracaena fragran(L.)Ker.-Gawl.
Huyết giác 2, 5 2
92.Amaryllidaceae Họ Náng
376
Curculigo capitulata (Lour.)Kuntze
Cồ nốc đầu 2 2
377
C. tonkinensis Gagnep. Cồ nốc Bắc 2
378
Crinum ensifolium Roxb. Ngọc trâm xẻ 2, 5 6
93.Alismataceae Họ Rau mác
379
Sagittaria sagittaefolia L. Rau mác 4, 5
94. Araceae Họ Ráy
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380
Acorus calamus L. Thuỷ xương bồ 2, 4 4, 6
381
A. gramineus Soland Thạch xương bồ 2, 5 4, 6
382
Alocacia macrorrhiza (L.) G.Don
Ráy 6
383
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott
Khoai nước 9 5, 6
384
Pistia stratiotes L. Bèo cái 2, 9 4
114.Arecaceae Họ Cau dừa
385
Areca catechu L. Cau 2, 3 6
386
Cocos nucifera L. Dừa 1,3, 8
6
387
Phoenix humilis Royle Chà là 2
388
Livistona saribus (Lour.) Merr. ex A.Chev.
Cọ 8 6
95. Asparagaceae Họ Thiên môn đông
389
Sansevieria trifasciata Prain * Lưỡi hổ 6
96.Commelinaceae Họ Thài lài
390
Commelina bengalensis L. Cỏ đầu rìu 5, 6
391
C. communis L. Thài lài trắng 5, 6
97.Convallariaceae Họ Tỏi đá
392
Ophiopogon chingii F.T.Wang Cao cẳng lá nhỏ 2
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98. Cyperaceae Họ Cói
393
Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. et Schult
Năn 4
394
Cyperus elatus L. Cói mào 9 4
395
Cyperus radians Nees et Mey. ExNees*
Cú xạ 3, 7
396
Fimbristylis sericea (Poir.) R. Br.*
Cỏ quăn xanh 7
397
Kyllinga hyalina (Vahl) T. Koy.* Bạc đầu thấu quang 7
99.Dioscoreaceae Họ Củ nâu
398
Dioscorea cirrhosa Prain et Burkill
Củ nâu 6 2
100.Eriocaulaceae Họ Cỏ dùi trống
399
Eriocaulon bonii Lecomte Cỏ dùi trống Bon 3, 5
400
E. duthiei Hook.f. Cỏ dùi trống Duthi 3, 5
101.Heliconiaceae Họ Mỏ két
401
Heliconia psittacorumSesse & Moc. *
Mỏ két 5 6
402
Heliconia rostrata Ruiz & Pav. * Hoa chuối tràng pháo 5 6
102. Liliaceae Họ Hành
403
Allium ascalonicum L. 3 5, 6
404
A. sativum L. 3 5, 6
40 Dianella ensifolia (L.) DC. Hương bài 2, 7 2
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103.Marantaceae Họ Hoàng tinh
406
Phrynium dispermum Gagnep. Lá dong nếp 10 6
407
P.placentarium (Lour.)Merr. Lá dong gói bánh 10 6
104.Musaceae Họ Chuối
408
Musa paradisiaca L. Chuối tiêu 3 6
105.Orchidaceae Họ Lan
409
Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw.
Lan đoản kiếm 5 6
106.Pandanaceae Họ Dứa dại
410
Pandanus humilis Lour. Dứa dại nhỏ 6
411
P. tonkinensis Mart. Dứa dại Bắc 6
107.Poaceae Họ Hoà thảo
412
Apluda mutica L. 9 1, 2, 3
413
Arundo donax L. Sậy núi 8 1, 2
414
Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss Tre gai rừng 8 6
415
Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Cỏ may 2 2, 3, 5, 6,7
416
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf *
Sả 6
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417
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. 9 3, 5, 6, 7
418
Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum (L.) Willd.*
Cỏ chân gà 3, 5, 6, 7
419
Digitaria petelotii Henry* Tú chình 7
420
Dendrocalamus patellaris Gamble
Giang 8 3
421
Echinochloa colona (L.) Link.
Cỏ lồng vực 9 5
422
Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Cỏ mần trầu 9 3, 5, 6, 7
423
Imperata cylindrica(L.) P.Beauv.
Cỏ tranh 8, 9 1, 2, 6
424
Ischaemum indicum (Houtt) Merr.
Cỏ lông sương 9 1, 2, 3
425
Microstegium vagans (Steud.)A.Camus.
Cỏ lá tre 9 1, 2, 3
426
Miscanthus nepalensis (Trin.) Hack.
Lách 1, 2, 3
427
M.floridulus (Labill.) Warb.ex Schum.etLauterb.
Chè vè 8 1, 2, 3
428
M. japonicus Gagnep. Chít 8 1, 2, 3
429
Neohouzeaua dulloa A.Camus Nứa 8 5, 6
430
Oryza sativa L. Lúa 3, 9 5
431
Paspalum conjugatum Berg Cỏ công viên 9 3, 6
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432
Paspalum viginatum Sw.* San sát, Cỏ ống 7
433
Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth
Cỏ bờm ngựa 3, 9 1, 2, 3
434
Saccharum officinarum L. Mía 3 6
435
S. spontaneum L. Lau 1, 2, 3
436
Setaria barbata (Lam.) Kunth Cỏ sâu róm 1, 2, 3, 5
437
Spinifex littoreus (Burm.f.)Merr.
Cỏ chông 7
438
Thysanolaena latifolia (Roxb.) ExHornem.) Honda
Đót 8 1, 2
439
Zea mays L. Ngô 3, 9 5, 6
108.Pontederiaceae Họ Lục bình
440
Eichhornia crassipes (Mares)Solms
Lục bình, Bèo Tây 9 4
109.Smilacaceae Họ Khúc khắc
441
Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana (Kunth)Maxim.
Khúc khắc 1, 2
442
Smilax china L. * Kim cang Trung Quốc 1, 2
110. Zingiberaceae Họ Gừng
443
Curcuma longa L. * Nghệ 6
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444
Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe
Địa liền lá hẹp 2 6
445
Zingiber officinale Roscoe Gừng 2 6
446
Z. rufopilosum Gagnep. Gừng lông hung 2 6
447
Z. zerumbet (L.) Sm. Gừng gió 2 6
3.3.2. Discussion
The diversity of terrestrial flora species in the project area is not affected by local threats, except of some invasive species not only directly affect the environment but also cause damage to the conservation and such as health and life of the community. The project area has discovered several species of invasive alien plants following: Mimosa pigra L., Lantana camara L.,Imperata cylindrica. Eupatorium odoratum L., Leucaena leucocephala., Eichhornia crassipes.
The plants mainly in Chuot Chu Mountain are Eucalyptus, Pinus merkusiana, Acacia auriculaeformis, Acacia magnum. Under the floor is wood floors shrubs, vines and grass. Eucalyptus trees with floor dust is dispersed as Melastoma candidum, Saccharum spontaneum,Miscanthus japonicus, M. Floridulus, Dicranopteris linearis, Eupatorium odoratum,Ischaemum indicum, Imperata cylindrica.
Waste disposal area and the entrance to the project area formerly aquaculture sector in Lach Bang River. The vegetation inthis area consists of Imperata cylindrica, Oryza sativa, Ischaemum indicum, Microstegium vagans, Miscanthus nepalensis, M. floridulus, Saccharum spontaneum and Thysanolaena latifolia.
The crops in this area are mainly short-term agricultural crops such as rice, potatoes, corn and peanuts. Also, in the
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