Tujaan PebelajaranaMengetahui dan memahami:
• Defenisi dan Klasifikasi vitamin dan mineral
• Funsi dan perannya bagi ternak non ruminansia
VITAMIN• Organic nutrients needed in small quantities to perform specific functions;
• Do not provide energy but are necessary in the use of energy.
• Helping regulate body functions, keeping the body healthy, promoting resistance.
• The deficiency of a vitamin can lead to disease or death.
• Classified as fat soluble and water soluble
CLASSIFICATIONFAT
SOLUBLEWATER SOLUBLE
• Stored in the fat and released as they are needed by the body.
• Can be stored for extended periods.
• Absorbed through lymphatic tissues
• Need precursor, pro-vitamin
• C, H, O• Only for complex organism
A – D – E - K
• Dissolved by water. • As water passes through the body.
• need to be consumed every day by monogastric animals.
• Absorbed through portal vein
• Most doesn’t need precursor
• C, H, O, N some have S and Co
• For complex and simple organism
C – B (IB – IIB)
VITAMIN A• Benefit: Maintenance of normal vision and night vision, Essential for immune system, Necessary for growth; induces differentiation of cells
• Deficiency: Fairly common; results in night blindness and eye disease, dry pimply skin, increased infections, and kidney stones
VITAMIN DBenefit: • Helps to maintain constant levels of calcium in the blood
• Important in insulin and prolactin secretion, muscle function, immune and stress response, melanin synthesis, and cellular differentiation
• Vital for kidney and parathyroid gland function
• Necessary for healthy bones
Deficiency:• Disease is rickets, symptoms include soft bones and teeth
Toxicity:• Toxic in doses larger than 1,000-1,1500 I.U.s daily for a month or longer; produces nausea, weakness, and irritability
• May lead to brain or liver damage, jaundice, and the destruction of red blood cells
VITAMIN EBenefit:• Protects vitamin A from oxidation during digestion
• Enhances immune response• Inhibits carcinogens from reaching target sites • Can stop neurological problems associated with cystic fibrosis, liver disease early in disease process
• Detoxifies free radicals, prevents damage to cell membranes
• Prevents LDL cholesterol from turning into damaging oxidized LDL, which initiates buildup of arterial plaque which can lead to heart disease
VITAMIN KBenefit:• Helps blood coagulate • In conjunction with vitamins A and D helps body build bone protein
• Given as injection to newborns to help blood clot, sometimes to women before labor or to patients before and after surgery
VITAMIN C (ascorbic acid)Benefit:• Activates liver-detoxifying systems • Antioxidant to inactivate highly reactive oxygen species; protects against damage to lipids and other molecules
• Inhibits formation of carcinogenic compounds• Protects cellular functions• Enhances function of key white blood cells involved in the destruction of bacteria
• Protects vitamin E• Integral to maintenance and building of collagen• Vital to bones and teeth, blood vessels, healing of wounds, and iron absorption
• Helps metabolize several amino acids and hormones
BiotinBenefit:• Key role in metabolizing fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
• Part of a number of enzymes in which it functions as a carboxyl carrier
• Manufactured in lower digestive tract by bacteria
ColinBenefit:• Helps maintain central nervous system • Precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter• Involved in production and metabolism of fats and cholesterol
Vitamin B (Folic acid, folate)• Used by body to break down and synthesize amino acids
• Helps synthesize nucleic acids, which are needed to build new cells, particularly red blood cells
• Involved in a variety of reactions in amino acid and nucleotide metabolism
• Recommended for women of childbearing age; helps prevent neural tube birth defects
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)• Enables body to use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (to provide energy), and amino acids
• Influences metabolism of DNA, NAD, NADP • Aids nervous system and digestive tract function and promotes healthy skin
Pantothenic Acid• Necessary for adrenal cortex function • Part of chemistry of coenzyme A, which is vital to metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and involved in making fatty acids, cholesterol, acetylcholine, steroid hormones, and nerve regulators
Top Related