t
6 6 /,6 1 9 nZ
AO l6 1 s 6z
SOTGPETECHNIQUESRESCUN
PRoCEEDINGSoFASYMPoSIUM,VIENNA,30MARCH-3APR|L1987oRGANIZEDBYIAEAINco-oPERATIoNWITHUNESco
DEVE1oPMENT
(sr@
q[) TNTERNAT'NAL AroMrc ENERG' AGENcy, vrENNA, 1eB7
F565e
FOREWORD
Theimportanceofanadequatesupplyofusablewaterineveryconrmunitycanhardlybeoveremphasized.Theconsurrl-ptionofwaterhasincreasedinrecentdecades-andisstillincreasingasaconsequenceofgrowthinworldpopulation,thewideruseofirrigationtoimproveug,i"ul**tproductionandrapidexpansionofindustrializa-tion. Furthermore, as a .Jnr"qu"n." of human activities, the number of traditionally
exploitedwaterbodieswhicharecontaminatedhasalsobecomeSfeatef.Tomeettheever-increasingdemands'carefulevaluationandmanagementof
waterresourcesareessentiat.NucteartechniquesusingisotopesareprecisemoderntoolsforStudyingwaterresources.Theycanprovidesolutionstotheproblemoftheorigin, distribution and properties of water in-a given region' especially when they
are used in combination *itr, otrr", tools available to hydrologists, hydrogeologists
and geochemists.
Modern isotopic research is based' on the one hand' on the discovery by
W.F.Libbyinlg46ofthenaturalabundanceofcarbon.l4andtritiumand,ontheother,onH.C.Urey'sexperimentalandtheoreticalworkconcerningthefractiona-tion effects for stable isotopes, which appeared in 1947. Although the first publica-
dons on the natural abundance of isotofes in water appeared within a few years, it
was not until the nineteen-sixties that isotope hydrology became a distinct field of
research.Soon after its establishment in 1957, the International Atomic Energy Agency
entered the field or upfii.utirn of isotope techniques to hydrological problems, in a
periodwhendevelopmentsinthisareawererapidlyoccurring.TheinvolvementoftheAgencywithisotopehydrologyisconne-ctedwiththenameofBryanR.Payne.He retired, after being a staff m#ber for 27 yeats' as head of the IAEA Section of
Isotope Hydrology at the end of 1986. In a special contribution to this symposium
byJ.R.Gat,atribute*"sp"iotohimonbehalfoftheparticipantsforhisworkinisotope hYdrologY.
This Symposium on the Use of Isotope Techniques in- {ater Resources
Development, which took place in Vienna from 30 March to 3 April 1987' was
organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency jointly with the United Nations
Educational,scientificandCulturalorganization.Thefactthatthisistheseventhsymposium on this subject organized by the Agency reflects how useful a tool isotope
hydrologY has become.
Thecontentsoftheseproceedingsillustratethefactthatisotopehydrologyhasbecome mature: a substantial number of the papers are concerned with the solution
ofpractical hydrological problems' It is' however' also encouraging' as rePorted in
several papers, that the development ofnew nuclear techniques is enabling the appli-cation of isotopes other than those used so far in hydrology.
These proceedings contain the papers of 4l oral and the extended synopses of40 poster presentations. It is hoped that they will contribute to progress in isotopehydrology.
EDITORIAL NOTE
The papen and discussions luve been edited by the editorial smfi of thz Intenatiotwl AtomicEnergy Agency to the enew considered necessary for the reader's assistorce. Thc vieyys eqressed. andthe geneml sryle adopted remain, however, the responsibiliry of rte named awtun or participants. Inaddition, the iews are not necessarily those of the governments of the nominating Menber Staes orof the nominating organizaions.
The ue in these Proceedings of panicular designations of cowtries or tenitorics does rct implyany judgenunt by the publisher, the IAEA, as to the legal sutru of such cowtries or terriaies, of theirauthoities and hstitntions or of the delimiution ol thcir boundaries.
The mention of specific cottpanics or of tleir pro&as or brand names bes not irtply anyendorsement or recotunendation on the pan ofthe IAEA.
Awhars are thenselves responsible fur obuining the necessary permksion o reprduce apyigtunaterial from other sources.
;hniques is enabling the appli-
rology.and the extended synopses ofrtribute to progress in isotoPe
,rial snfr of the lntemational Atomici assistance. The views eqressed andtlu naned awhors or panicipants. Inof the nominating Member States or
nwtries or territories does not implyf such cowtries or tenitories, of theirties.or brand nanncs does not impty any
zry permission to reproduce copyright
(rAEA-SM-299 t95) ......
CONTENTS
THERMAL WATER STUDIES (Session I)
Caract6risation isotopique des eaux thermomin6rales des Alpes du
nord franco-italiennes (IAEA-SM-299/5 1)
J. Dary, M. Droy, C. Jttsserand, M' Pasqrnlono' G'M' Ztppi
Hydrology of Rotorua geothermal aquifer, New Zealand
3
25
47
C.B. Taylor, M.K. Stewan
GeochemistryofthermalfluidsintheYangbajainarca(Tibet/china)(rAEA-SM-299t136)F. Piovesana, G. Scatdifio, K. Zteng, G'M' Ztppi
GROLINDWATER DATING (Session II)
Field study on the initial raC content as a limiting factor in r4C
groundwater dating (IAEA-SM-299/38)
H. Ddn, C. Sonntag, W. Regenberg
Isotopic and geochemical srudies investigating the genesis of carbon
isotope content in young groundwaters (rAEA-SM-299/43)
L. EichingerGroundwatei dating with helium isotopes (IAEA-SM-29914)
S.M. Weise, H. Moser
Simulation du transport du carbone 14 du CITD dans les aquifOres
captifs par rme approche convectodispersive (AEA-SM-299/68)
J.-M. Garnier
Silicon-32 in different aquifer types and implications for
groundwater dating (IAEA'SM-299172)
K. Frohlich, T. Fru*e, R. Gellermann,
. 105
73
87
rn
149
167
D. Hebert, H. Jordart
IfYDROLOGY OF ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS (Session III)
ModernandfossilgroundwaterinanaridenviroDment:alookatthehydrogeolory of southern Oman (IAEA-SM-299/15)
t.O. darn, P. Fitz, O.P. Quinn, P'W' Rippon' H'
SaWid Barghash bin Ghalib al Said
Nash,
Groundwater evaporation from East Saharian depressions by means
of deuterium and oxygen-l8 in soil moisfirre (IAEA-SM-299137)
D. Christrnann, C. Sonntag
Sources of recharge to the basal Nubian sandstone aquifer,
189
Butana region, Sudan (AEA'SM-299lll7) 205
W.G. Darling, W.M. Edmwds, D.G. Kinniburgh, S. Kotoub
Stable isotopic composition of groundwater of central Californiaas an indicator of mid-Pleistocene tectonic evolution(rAEA-SM-29n2r) ...225G.H. Davis, T.B. Coplen
Evaporative enrichment of deuterium and rtO in arid zone irrigation(IAEA-SM-299|r25) 241
H.J. Simpson, M.S. Harnza,.I.W.C. White, A. Nada, M.A. Awad.
Oxygen-I8 and deuterium distribution in rainfall, runoff and groundwater
in a small semi-arid basin: the Aravaipa Valley in the Sonora Desert,
Arizona (IAEA-SM-2 99 I 135)
E. Adar, A. Long
FIELD STI]DIFS WTIII EI\TVIRONIMENTAL ISOTOPES(Sessions [V, V, Yf)
Isotopic geochemistry of the Engadine mineral springs of Scuol-Tarasp,
Switzerland (IAEA-SM-299 I I 13)
U. Schotterer, U. Siegenthaler, H. Oeschger, T. Riesen, I. Miiller,K. Kelts
Isotopic evidence for the different origins of the Tulum valleygroundwaters (San Juan, Argentina) (IAEA-SM-29912\ .....M.C. Albero, M. Levin, H.O. Panarello, P. Iahn, E. Garcia
Estudio isot6pico de la cuenca de Oruro-Caracollo (Bolivia)(rAEA-SM-299/11)J. Lizarazu, J.-F. Aranyossy, V. Orsag, J.C. Salazar
Estudios isotopico e hidrogeologico en el suroeste de la
Repriblica Dominicana (IAEA-SM-299/31)J.F. Febillet, E. Bueno, K.-P. Seiler, W. Stichler
Determination of the flow regime of Quaternary and Pliocene
layers in the Great Hungarian Plain (Hungary) by D, rtO, laC and
noble gas measurements (IAEA-SM-299139)
J. Dedk, M. Srute, l. Rndolph, C. Sonntag
Utilisation du tragage isotopique naturel de l'azote 15 pour la mise
en 6vidence de mdlanges dans les aquifbres complexes(rAEA-SM-299/50)
.... 317
257
277
287
301
335
......... 351
C. Joseph, B. Donille, M. Soulii, F. Touet
Mouvements de I'eau dans la zone non sahrrde et alimentation de la-
nappe de la craie de Champagne' France (IAEA-SM-299153)
P. Vachier, L. Dever, J''C' Fontes
Apports des analyses isotopiques d la connaissance de l'origine des
eaux soutenaine. a*. Ls plaines alluviales (IAEA-SM-29/61) ......."
J. Sarrot'ReYnauld
Isotopic studies on sea water intrusion and interrelations between
water bodies: some field examples 0AEA-SM'299176\
S.M. Rao, S.K. lain, S'Y' Navada' A'R' Nair' K' Shivanna
Phreatic-confined discontinuities and restricted flow in confined
groundwater systems (IAEA-SM-299/80)
E. Mazor, L- Kroitoru
Recherches isotopiques sur les eaux souterraines des formations
calcairesdanslaDobroudjamdridionale(Roumanie)(rAEA-SM-299ttu)A. lenu, F.D. Davidescu' A' Sldvescu
Environmental isotope study of the deep groundwaters in
northern Switzerland (IAEA-SM-299/ 1 t4) " " : " " " "'
367
381
403
427
439
. 455
W. Balderer, W. Rauen, W' Stichler
IsotoPic analYsis of groundwater flow systems in a wet alluvial fan,
southern NePal GAEA-SM-299/118)D.I. Siegel, D.T. Jet*ins
Isotopic investigations oi g'o"nO'""t"r in the Culde-Sac Plain' Haiti
(IAEA-SM-2ggt132)R. Gonfiantini, M' Simonot
PRECIPITATION.SURFACE'GROI.]NDWATER RELATIONSHIPS :
(IAEA-SM-299/81) ...
J.R. Gat
POLLUTION (Sessions VII and VIID
Enseignements relatifs aux performances d -une
fitiBre classique de
traitement d'eau potable iors les retombdes de l'accident de
Tchernobyl (IAEA-SM-29919) " " " "W.J. Masschelein, R' Goos'ens' H' Delville' J' Genot' R' Hallew
Runoff hydrograph unAyJs in agricultural watersheds by oxygen-l8
(IAEA-SM-299/14)i.n. kopo&o, J.C. Maninez' l' Mortatti
The isotopic composition of p'""ipitution and groundwater in Canada
(IAEA-SM-299t17)i. rrrrr, R.t. Dimmie, S'K' Frape' K' o'Shea
V"riuUitity (in time) of the isotopic composition of precipitation:
consequences regarding the isotopic composition of hydrologic systems
..... 475
483
..507
... 52r
... 539
....551
Deuterium content of European palaeowaterscomposition of fluid inclusions trapped in
as inferred from isotopiccarbonate cave deposits
(rAEA-SM-299t99)K. Rozanski, M. Dulinski
Conclusions from a ten year study of oxygen-lg inand runoffin Sweden (IAEA-SM-299fi07) ......J.O. Burgman, B. Calles, F. Westman
ARTIHCIAL TRACERS (Session D0
The use ofradioisotope tracers to identify thein a dam (IAEA-SM-29913) .........J.F. Easey, G.L. Hanna
precipitation
location of seepage areas
d€terminationsahrr€s
un exemple d'emploi
Etude comparative de deux mdthodes de traceurs pour lades paramltres hydrodynamiques des aquifAres poreux(r.AEA-SM-299t54)
B. Gaillard, P. Calmels, R. Margrita, A. Bourg, p. peaudecerf,J.-P. Sauty
A survey of applications of non-radioactive but neutron activatablegroundwarer tracers (IAEA-SM-299/123) ...IU.A. Jester, D.C. Raupach
SEDIMENT IRANSPORT (Session D
Investigation of sediment transport in the Austrian part of theDanube using environmental isotopes (IAEA_SM-Z}}[/) ....D. Rank, M. Kralik, K. Augustin-Gyuits, F. Maringer,V. Rajner, L Kurcz
Les jauges nucl6aires en dynamique sdd.imentaire:dans l'6tude du diferlemenr (IAEA-SM_2ggl57)B.F. Long, E. Hudier
Study of the evolurion of dredged material discharges by means ofradioactive tracers (IAEA-SM-2 ggl7 l)
Caillot, G. Courtois, p. Gourlez, R. Hoslin, J. Massias,G. Sauzay
On the river processes methodological approach: experience with theRiver Musone, Ialy (IAEA-SM-299/96)I. Becchi, G.S. Tazioli
F. Toh, A.M. Quesney,
69565
579
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
Evolucidn isot6pica y quimica del agua subterrdnea del acuifero
protundo de Bahia Blanca (Argentina) (IAEA-SM'299/1P)
A.G. Bonorino, H.O. Pararello, M.C. Ahero
Use of.7Be and r37Cs for sourcing sediments in catchment sodies oferosion and deposition: a modelling application (IAEA-SM-29914P) .....-..
C.J. Barnes, G.J. Burch, R.D. Barling, R.G. Grayson, I.D. Moore
Interrelations between the surface waters of Danube, karst waters and
thermal springs of Bad Deutsch Altenburg (IAEA-SM-299/6P)
P- Hacker
Characterization of deep groundwater in south Germany and Upper Austria
by means of isotopic and hydrochemical investigations
(IAEA-SM-299/8P) 705
B. Bertleff, .1.E. Goldbrunner, W. Stichler, J'N. Andrews, G- Darling
ModEles hydrog6ologiques et g6ochimiques de genbse et de protection
des eaux min6rales carbogazeuses: application au site de
Chevron (Belgique) 0AEA-SM-299/10P) ..
E. Inurent, R. lilollastRelative discharge of the Amazon River and its main tributaries
as measured using 1EO values (IAEA-SM-29/12P) ...'........ 708
L.A. Martinelli, J. Mortafi, R.L. Yia6ria, E. Matsui, J.E. Nchey
Isotopic variation of oxygen in the water of the River Solimdes/Amazon
and its tributaries (IAEA-SM-299113P) ..........- 710
J. Monati, L.A. Martinelli, E. Matsui, R.L. Victdia, l.E. Richey
The isotopic composition of sulphate from pyrite oxidation
703
701
712
s93
605
623
707
(rAEA-SM-299n6P)R.M. Qureshi, P. Fritz, R. Nicholson
Sulphate-water oxygen isotope exchange as a tool for dating
old groundwaters (IAEA-SM.299I18P)R.J. Dimmie, P. Fritz, S.K. Frape, F.W. Render
Isotopic evolution of aqueous sulphate in northern Chile water
(rAEA-SM-299119P) 715
R. Aravena, O. Suatki, P. Fritz, H. Pefin, W- Rauzrt
Determinaci6n de filtracione^s en la presa de Golillas aplicando
trazadores radiactivos (IAEA-SM-299 l22P)
L. &inchez, E. Obando, G. Jimdnez
Radiocarbon dating in a karstic coastal aquifer in tropical climatic
conditions (IAEA-SM-29 l23P)
D.M. Aretlano, J.R. Fagwtdo, l. Silar, P. Jilek
Dynamic study of karst water (IAEA-SM-299126P) -.-...----...-.723L. Blaha, J. Hladtk, J. ed<a
714
7t7
................. 721
.l; .. , .l
'....,
."!. -
.'" ,:'
-: :,.:
Stable isotope study of dissolved components in some mineral andthermal waters in Czechoslovakia (I"AEA-SM-299i28P) ..........J. Hladtkovd, T. Pates, V. Smejlcal
Determination of transmissivity and dispersion in a confined chalkaquifer by simulation of field experiments with three tracers(rAEA-SM-299t30P)M. lensen, S. Genders
Examination of the storage behaviour of a small basin in fracturedPalaeozoic rock using environmental isotope and dye tricertechniques (IAEA-SM-299142P) ... 728A. Herrmann, J. Koll, R.G. Rau, M. Schdniger, P. Maloszewski,W. Rauert, W. Stichler, C. Izibundgut
The change of 2H and r8O contents of water seeping throughsand columns under different experimental conditions(rAEA-SM-299 t45P) .... 730D. Klot7, P. Maloszewski, H. Moser, lA. Silchler
Isotope-hydrological and hydrochemical study to investigate thepenetration of pollution into a deep aquifer (IAEA-SM-200/46P) ............ 732W. Rauert, W. Stichler, S. lAeise, M. Wolf, G. Andres, R. Egger, t. Rietzler
Single- and multi-well tracer investigations in fractured crystallinerock (IAEA-SM-299/47P) ........A. Kdki
Environmental isotope studies on groundwater from the crystallinebedrock in Finland (IAEA-SM-299148P) .......... 7?16T. Kanl@tnen, LT. Kulekonen, P.W. Lahermo, P.A. Nurmi
Essai de typologie du fonctionnement hydrique de diff6rents sols iI'aide du traqage isotopique naturel (IAEA-SM-291SBP) ......737P. M6rot
Teneurs en chlore 36 et problbmes de circulation des eaux profondes dusocle de Suisse septentrionale (IAEA-SM-299159P) ............. 73gJ.L. Michelot, W. Balderer, D. Elmore, J.-C. Fontes, P.W. Kubik, S. Soreau
Tragage isotopique des mouvements de l'eau en terrain fluvioglaciaire:6tude int6grde i l'dchelle d'une parcelle d'un sous-bassin et
Groundwater taC activity as affected by initial water-rock
interactions in a carbonatic terrain with deep water tables:
Judean Mountains, Israel (IAEA'Sl\4'299l82P) " " " " " " "L. Kroitoru, L Carmi, E' Mazor
Recent applications of isotope geothermometers (IAEA-SM-299/85P) """L. Bolognesi, P. Noto, C' Panichi
Hydrodynimic and hydrochemical behaviour of the aquifer in the-panaio
river alluvial fan (po valley, Italy) (IAEA-SM-29/87P) .........
M. Pellegrinr, G.S. Tazioli, A' Tnvatti
Study of groundwater recharge in shallow and deep aquifers in the .
Lower Kelantan River Basin with environmental isotopes' Malaysia
725
726
734
748
..75r
(rAEA-SM-299/91P) ..
D.B. Mohamad, R.M. Ali, F.S. Chong, Y. Yurtsever, R' Gonfiantini'
G. CalfIsotopic stuOies of fresh-saline groundwater, Outokumpu' Finland
(rAEA-SM-299t96P)P.C. SmalleY, R. Blomqvist, A' Rdhetm
Isotopic investigations of groundwater in the area north-west of
Faisalabad, Pakistan (IAEA-SM-299 l97P)
M.I. Saiiad, S.D- Hussain, R' Waheed' K'P' Seiler
Application of a radioactive tracer method for the study of sediment'ornrpoa
beginning in rivers and the marine nearshore zone
(IAEA-SM-299|IO2P) ."""1""""A. Owczarczyk, St. Szpilowski, R' Wierzchnicki' A' Michalik'
lA. Bannik, T. Basirlski
Environmental isotopes suggest a recharge model
supplying Jwaneng mine, Botswana (IAEA-SM
B.T. Verhagen
Underground processes deduced from radioactivity measurements
in,groundwater (IAEA-SM'299I llzP) " " " " " " "H.iL Looslt, B.E- I*funann, H' Oeschger' D'F' Rauber
A stable isotope reconnaissance of groundwater resoutces in the
Kathmandu Valley, Nepal (IAEA-SM-299I l19P) " " " " " " "'D.T. Jenkins, C.K. Sharma, J'M' Hassett
Environmental tritium as a tool in groundwater recharge investigations
(IAEA-SM-29q I lzOP\ ....
d'un bassin versant (IAEA-SM-299167P)S. Hami.d, M. Dray, A. Ferhi, J.-M. Dorioz
L'alimentation des aquifdres fissur6s en Afrique deI'Ouest soudano-sah6lienne (COte d'Ivoire, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger)(IAEA-SM-299t70P)J.P. Jourda, M. Dray, J. Sarrot-ReynauLd, A.N. Savadogo, G.M. Zuppi
'The lakes of central Queen Maud Land (East Antarctica): their recentisotope hydrologic characteristics, origin and evolution(IAEA-SM-299t74P\
for the well field-iggttosl) .......
'754
758
763
766
'769
. 771
. 773
. 775
. 779
..781
..783
.....739
..... 743M.R. Delcore
Environmental radionuclide tracers of transport and diffusion in
organic rich soil of the unsaturated zone (IAEA-SM-2991124P) ""'W.R. Schell, C.D. MasseY
Comparison of isotopic composition of different forms of calcite
prlcipitated from fresh water (IAEA-SM-299/13 lP) " " " " " " " " "'t tl'hnnr .l Pudie - I. Kraicar Bronie , D. SrdoER. Haberlandt, D. Haendel, W.D. Hermichen^ G. Strauch. Il. Wnnd
746
Dating old groundwater: the rritL D:----G. Hut -
_.--_..-.jr: the Milk River aquifer (AEA_SM _Zgg/l3gp) .
":1}ff:lhT;fit'#,:lapohanspirarion characrerisdcs or anGu weizu -sms a neutron probe IAEA _sni;);;;p) ........
Chairmen of Sessions
*:*Ti" of trre ffi;J;;:rs.:
of participants .............Author Index ......... -Index of papers .rd p;;;;.';;
787
789
... 79s,.................. 795.,....,.,,........ 797.................. 8tl.................. 815 THERMAL WATER STUDIES
(Session I)
Chairman
P. FRITZCanada
Top Related