LRCW 4 Late Roman Coarse Wares,

Cooking Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean Archaeology and archaeometry

The Mediterranean: a market without frontiers

Edited by

Natalia Poulou-Papadimitriou, Eleni Nodarou and Vassilis Kilikoglou

BAR International Series 2616 (I)2014

Volume I

Published by

ArchaeopressPublishers of British Archaeological ReportsGordon House276 Banbury RoadOxford OX2 7EDEnglandbar@archaeopress.comwww.archaeopress.com

BAR S2616 (I)

LRCW 4 Late Roman Coarse Wares, Cooking Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean: Archaeology and archaeometry. The Mediterranean: a market without frontiers. Volume I.

© Archaeopress and the individual authors 2014

Cover illustration: Early Byzantine amphora from Pseira, Crete (photo by C. Papanikolopoulos; graphic design by K. Peppas).

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TRANSPORT AND STORAGE POTTERY FROM PRINIATIKOS PYRGOS – CRETE:

A PRELIMINARY STUDY

VERA KLONTZA-JAKLOVA

Institute of Archaeology and Museology, Faculty of Art, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

vera.klontza@gmail.com

Priniatikos Pyrgos, a small limestone headland in the southwest corner of the Gulf of Mirabello in East Crete is rare in having clear evidence for activities continuing from the Final Neolithic through the Minoan periods and Iron Age into Classical, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine and Venetian times, before modern agricultural exploitation. Archaeological research began with Edith Hall’s brief excavation in 1912. Priniatikos Pyrgos was included in Barbara Hayden’s Vrokastro survey project in the 1980s. In 2005 and 2006 M. Tsipopoulou and B. Hayden co-directed a rescue excavation for the 24th Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities. Since 2007 the project has been directed by B. Molloy and B. Hayden under the auspices of the Irish Institute of Hellenic Studies at Athens. It was evident from the start that the Late Roman/Early Byzantine contexts represented very important phases. Architectural features and related pottery were recovered in all trenches. Pottery collected includes cooking, storage, transport and fine table ware of the main habitation period, which dated from the second half of the 7th to the early 9th centuries AD. The aim of this paper is to present the assemblage of late Roman/early Byzantine transport and storage pottery found at Priniatikos Pyrgos.

KEYWORDS: PRINIATIKOS PYRGOS, MIRABELLO BAY, CRETE, EARLY BYZANTINE AMPHORAE, STORAGE VESSELS, HARBOUR.

Goals of the paper

The first goal is to introduce the site itself, which can already be presented as being a key locus on Crete for the study of almost continuous use and settlement not only during prehistoric and Classical times but also from the late Roman period to the Early Modern times.

My other aim is to present the assemblage of Early Byzantine period transport and storage vessels found at Priniatikos Pyrgos and explore its relationship with other contemporary sites on Crete and further afield where applicable.

Introducing the place

Priniatikos Pyrgos is a limestone headland jutting out from a long beach at the southwest corner of the Gulf of Mirabello in North-East Crete (Fig. 1).

The headland rises to ca. 2.5m above the beach to both east and west. The northern edge is 1-2m higher and formed of large limestone outcrops. The east side is made up of rubble, tamarisk branches and the eroding walls of ancient buildings, which appear on the edge of the headland. The west side of the headland is bordered by boulders disappearing into the sea and by soil and cultural sediments (up to 3m in height). Further south, the headland gradually slopes down into the flood plain.

It is certain that the local geomorphology has changed over the millennia, obscuring and destroying evidence for

much ancient occupation. (Hayden 2000, 147-148; 2007–2008, 18-19; Kalpaxis et al. 2006, 135-137).

History of research

The first trenches on the Priniatikos Pyrgos promontory were placed by Edith Hall in 1912 after she finished her excavation at Vrokastro. Her Priniatikos Pyrgos field activities were brief but uncovered impressive Minoan pottery (EM II-LM I) and extensive later occupation, classified by her as Roman (Hayden 2000, 147-148).

No further intensive archaeological investigation took place before the 1970s when Prof. C. Davaras designated the site as belonging to ‘Archaeological Zone A’ due to the extremely dense spread of pottery from all periods visible on the surface of the promontory (Hayden 2000, 149). In the later 1980s Priniatikos Pyrgos was included in B. Hayden and J. Moody’s Vrokastro survey project (Hayden et al. 1992; Hayden 2003; 2004; 2005).

In the early years of the 21st century the necessity for a rescue excavation became obvious as wave erosion on the western edge of the promontory was threatening to destroy important archaeological features; in particular two kilns appeared unlikely to survive another winter without intervention (Hayden 2007-2008, 18-19). This excavation clearly demonstrated that the stratigraphic sequences are very complicated and further excavation was required to reach even a basic interpretation of the archaeological contexts concentrated on this promontory (Hayden and Tsipopoulou 2012).

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In 2007 B. Hayden therefore initiated what has proved to be a fruitful cooperation with the Irish Institute of Hellenic Studies in Athens and since then excavations have been directed by B. Molloy and B. Hayden. Excavation has now stopped, after 6 field seasons, in order to facilitate the study and publication of the contexts and finds excavated to date.

Thus far most of the headland has at least been tested. (Fig. 2) Trenches in areas G and H, and later Trench III, were placed along the west edge. On the top of the promontory the trenches of area A were opened, followed, further north, by Trench I and the much larger Trench II, while, on the eastern side, Trench IV was excavated. Occupation at the site began in the late Neolithic and continue during almost the entire Minoan period (from EM to LM IA). After this there appears to have been an interruption in occupation but the site was subsequently re-occupied, leaving almost continuous evidence from the Geometric Phase up to the Ottoman period (Molloy et al., in press).

Trenches – the Roman and Byzantine phases

Evidence for Roman occupation is vestigial to date but occupation during the First Byzantine period was obvious, mainly in Trenches I, II, IV and in the trenches of area A. (Fig. 2) In Trench II it was related to substantial architectural units. Byzantine Building 1 is a multi-phase building incorporating an apsidal shape, indicating it may be part of a larger ecclesiastical structure. The ‘apse’, C 13, and a pit, C156, are the earliest components of the building. The building was extended in several phases and finally collapsed sealing habitation levels of the first half of the 8th century AD, dated by a coin of Leon III (Sidiropoulos 2012; personal communication) (Fig. 3). There were 2 graves (probably ossuaries) excavated (Bridgford et al. in press) on its north side and 3 graves, as yet unexcavated, on its east side. Byzantine Building 2 to the north of Building 1 had almost completely collapsed but its southernmost part was quite well preserved. It was also a multiphase structure. Rooms of larger buildings uncovered in trenches A4000 and A6000 were again dated to the Early Byzantine period but discovering their exact relationship to Byzantine Building 1 represents one of the goals for next field project. A floor, related to the collapsed and very disturbed walls of Trench I, was also dated to the Early Byzantine period and part of a large Early Byzantine building was excavated in Trench IV. However, pottery dated to this horizon is spread over all excavated areas (Hayden and Tsipopoulou, 2012; Molloy et al., in press; Klontza-Jaklova et al. 2009, Klontza-Jaklova, in press; www.priniatikos.net).

Pottery – Late Roman and Byzantine phases

Priniatikos Pyrgos could be described as one of the most successful settlement locations in all of Crete, given its history of almost continuous inhabitation over five millennia. This is, ironically, both its greatest worth and

biggest problem. Its importance in understanding the settlement history of the region is obvious, with so much repeated use, but this also means that the contexts are disturbed and mixed, making stratigraphic sequences very complex. The pottery is extremely fragmentary, which does make study even harder (Klontza-Jaklova 2011; in press).

An additional problem for this study is the lack of fully published Byzantine sites, especially from eastern Crete, with the notable exception of Poulou’s important work (Albani and Poulou-Papadimitriou 1990; Poulou-Papadimitriou 1995; 2011 Poulou-Papadimitriou and Nodarou 2007). The dating of each feature, unit or find had to be processed very carefully by combining many different data. On the other hand, there were a few well sealed horizons, which could be dated stratigraphically, and even some where coins were found (Klontza-Jaklova 2011; in press) and the methodology applied during field work and post-excavation processing ensured that the data obtained is of the highest possible quality and accuracy (Molloy et al. in press; Klontza-Jaklova in press).

Although three intensive study seasons have been completed (2011-2013), it must be emphasized that all the results presented here should be taken as preliminary. It is possible to recognize the main horizons of settlement in late antiquity. There are Early Byzantine horizons, of the 5th century AD to the first half of the 7th century AD and from the second half of the 7th century AD, through the 8th century AD, to the beginning of the 9th century AD, included in this study.1 In addition there are horizons from the 9th to 11th century AD and from the 12th century AD to the beginning of 13th century AD. Venetian and Ottoman presence at Priniatikos Pyrgos has also been documented (Hayden and Tsipopoulou 2012; Molloy and Duckworth (eds.) in press; Klontza-Jaklova 2011).

The Early Byzantine pottery is being studied both quantitatively and qualitatively. To date there are preliminary studies of types of fabrics and of the typology of the main distinctive objects, not only to classify them in their own right but, more importantly, in order to use this information for further study of the site in all its complexity (the approach used is similar to that in Poulou- Papadimitriou 2013a).

The first pottery groups being studied are those wares which can document the foreign contacts of Priniatikos Pyrgos and those which can determine and refine the chronology. These are mainly Red slipped (or burnished) fine wares, with Phocaean and African types dominant, but Cypriot and Attic also present (Molloy et al., forthcoming; Klontza-Jaklova 2011). The other group

1 Architectural contexts allow even more accurate dating of individual context but these nuances are not always recognizable in pottery. For detailed stratigraphy of the site, cf. Klontza-Jaklova, in press; Molloy et al. forthcoming.

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studied so far is the collection of amphorae2. The first results are presented in this paper.

The amphorae are very fragmentary, making study slow and difficult. Ceramic sherds are spread all over the site but there are some significant concentrations of amphorae fragments documented. Two of the most significant groups are in Trench A6000, where most were body sherds of relatively small size, and in Trench IV, which produced some complete vessels and significant torsos. It seems that the concentration in Trench A6000 represents collected rubbish, while the amphorae of Trench IV are in their primary location. A significant volume of very fragmentary amphorae sherds was found within a floor packing stratum of Byzantine Building 1 of trench II (analyses of this material and statistics in Klontza-Jaklova in press). A substantial proportion of an amphora was also found in Pit C156 predating the final floor of Byzantine Building 1’s Room 1, whose construction layer was described as C26 (Fig. 9).

This amphora has a very broad belly, cylindrical neck, with rounded thickened rim, and arched handles, flattened in section. The fabric is reddish yellow and quite fine, with very fine white inclusions and silver mica sparkles. The closest parallels are the amphorae described by J. Hayes (1992, 71) as types 35 -38 (an almost identical shape is shown in Fig. 23.4). J. Hayes (1992, 71) suggests these types date to “8th (and rather later?) c. AD” but in Priniatikos Pyrgos a fragment of this type of amphora was buried in a pit under floor packing, containing a Leon III coin (as mentioned above), from a building abandoned very early in the 9th c. AD. It was observed that the vessel looks relatively large, closer to the 7th c. size of amphorae than to the smaller, 8th c. AD types. Further research will test if size can be used as a chronologically significant characteristic for globular amphorae of 7th –9th c. AD.3

The earliest amphorae of LRA2 type (Riley 1982, 122) have a narrow rim with rounded lip; these are made from medium to coarse fabrics of reddish yellow color with significant quantities of limestone grains and quartz inclusions (Fig. 4). These amphorae seem to have made their appearance in the course of the 4th century AD in Athens (Vogt 2000, 83). In the 5th c. they were still rare in Carthage (Riley 1979, 1982). Before the 3rd quarter of the 5th century AD they seem to have been rare in the Aegean (e.g. Chalcidice, Papadopoulos 1989, 86). They represent a significant part of the amphorae assemblage of the 6th c. AD from Argos (Abadie-Reynal 1989, 52). A kiln producing this type of amphorae was found, by survey, in the Argolid, where it was dated from the 5th to the 7th c. AD (Zimmerman Munn 1985). Another possible production centre could be on the island of Cos (Poulou-Papadimitriou and Nodarou 2007; Poulou-

2 In 2013 Dr. Elli Tzavella was involved in the project as expert in transport pottery. 3 At present the observation that 7th c. amphorae tend to be larger than their successors of the 8th c. is merely subjective. However, further research may provide a metrical relationship between size and date which can be statistically tested.

Papadimitriou and Didioumi 2010). LRA2 amphorae then appeared around all the Mediterranean (e.g. Bonifay and Pieri 1995, 109-111) There are still some present in contexts of the first half of the 7th century AD at Eleutherna (Vogt 2000, 83). The origin of this amphorae type remains a matter for discussion. Limestone inclusions indicate that they originated in geological conditions rich in sediments. Typologically the fragments presented here (Figs. 4, 5, 6) belong to the late phase of LRA2 production (Pieri 2005; Poulou-Papadimitriou 2013b).

A number of small fragments of the commonest amphora type throughout the eastern Mediterranean in Early Byzantine contexts, the so-called late globular Aegean amphora (Poulou-Papadimitriou 2013a, 116-20), were identified (again with no complete reconstructed profile) (Riley 1979, 212-16; Hayes 1992, 64). This type of amphora is extremely variable (Figs. 7, 8). In Priniatikos Pyrgos they are usually made from three different fabrics. The main type, of sandy buff to orange colour, is an almost fine or medium-coarse fabric of soft texture with fine white and black, limestone, quartz and, occasionally, a few mica inclusions. The other two fabrics are coarser with all the above mentioned inclusions, but less well mixed. One contains at most a rare flake of mica and the other one is extremely rich in mica (and even the occasional presence of schist inclusions was noted). These two types appear in reddish yellow tones with a pinkish buff surface, or in yellowish red and red colours. The vessels have cylindrical necks, usually with simple, or slightly edged or rounded rims, broad shoulders and their bodies are ovoid or cylindrical. Their handles are asymmetrical and ridged and the bodies are covered in shallow, sometimes regular, wheel ribs.

In Priniatikos Pyrgos these amphorae appear in strata dated to the 8th c. AD (Klontza-Jaklova, in press) and there are parallels from other Cretan excavations, mainly from Pseira (Albani and Poulou-Papadimitriou 1990; Poulou-Papadimitriou 2011; 2013b) and Knossos (Hayes 2001).

This type of amphora was widely spread in Crete, the Aegean and the East Mediterranean (Vroom 2005, 60-61). This was probably due to a change in the logistics of Byzantine maritime transport half way through the 7th c. AD, as mentioned by N. Poulou-Papadimitriou (2013b). These late globular Aegean amphorae are related to both late LRA13 and survivals of LRA1 types. LRA 13 types and their production were documented in Cyprus (Demesticha 2003), where they were produced from the Justinian period up to the Arab conquest campaigns of the 8th c. (Demesticha 2003, 474). Other proven production centres (evidenced by the presence of serpentines and pyroxenes in the fabrics) occur in Seleucia-Pieria, and in Rhodes (Peacock and Williams 1986; Riley 1979, 212) Late globular Aegean amphorae, together with survivals of LRA1 and late LRA2 types appear in Pseira (Poulou-Papadimitriou 2011; 2013b), making its pottery collection the closest parallel to Priniatikos Pyrgos.

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Although their initial dating range was established as 5th-7th century AD (Vogt 2000, 84-85; Demesticha 2003; 2005; Yangaki 2004-2005; 2005; Bonifay 2004, 151-153), their production continued and developed (Poulou-Papadimitriou, 2011; 2013a; 2013b). Amphorae of this type changed over time (Hayes 1992, 71; Poulou-Papadimitriou 2001; 2013a, 116-120; Demesticha 2003) and their later types started to appear in archaeological contexts, initially as very problematic items impossible to date. In Crete they were firstly systematically described and defined by Natalia Poulou (Albani and Poulou 1990; Poulou-Papadimitriou 2001) and securely dated to the 8th century AD. This category of amphorae is the most common at Priniatikos Pyrgos, the same phenomenon is seen at Pseira (Poulou-Papadimitriou 2001, 245-246). Their stratigraphic position at Priniatikos Pyrgos clearly supports this ascertainment.

The most numerous and variable group at Priniatikos Pyrgos are amphorae of the same type but later in date. They should be dated to the second half of the 8th and early 9th c. (Figs. 11-14). They have plain or very roughly profiled rims (thickened, edged or underlined), narrow cylindrical or slightly conical necks, broad shoulders and ovoid bodies with rounded bases, sometimes with a ‘button’ in the center. Handles are massive, ordinarily of oval shaped section, and bodies are commonly covered by shallow and wide wheel grooves, although some do have smoothed surfaces. The fabrics are also very varied. There are fabrics identical with Hayes type 35: soft and fine with the occasional presence of limestone or other minerals but rich in very fine micaceous particles (Hayes 1992, 71). These fabrics are usually yellowish red, reddish yellow, orange brown or red but also yellow buff. They are usually well fired and thin-walled in comparison with their ancestors of the previous horizon. These amphorae, with neck diameters of 5-6cm and heights of 45-50cm, are smaller than their ancestors. This type of amphora was found at Pseira where it was the commonest type (Poulou-Papadimitriou 2001, 245), in Gortyn and Heraklion (Poulou-Papadimitriou 2001, 246, footnotes 73-75; 2008, 154, fig. 2), and in Melos, Olympia, Argos, Sparti, Corinth and Constantinople They have also been found in Italy at Orando, Rome and Ravenna (Poulou-Papadimitriou 2001, 245-246). The closest, indeed almost perfectly matched, parallels are the amphorae from Pseira (Poulou-Papadimitriou 2001, fig. 21a, b; 2013b; personal communication)

There were also sherds of vessels which were produced in the Kalo Chorio-Istron region. These are thick walled vessels - amphorae, bowls and jugs made from medium to coarse fabrics, in tones of brownish or yellowish red, with inclusions of granodiorite, which is a key indicator of local pottery, from prehistoric to modern times (Nodarou and Moody, in press). Their surface is smoothed and richly decorated by combing in horizontal lines and waves (Fig. 14). This type of decoration is common for the period from the late 7th up to the 10th c. AD in the eastern Mediterranean. However, our exemplars seem to be of local production given that kiln wasters have been found (Fig. 15).

A large vessel, c. 1.5m in height, was found in Byzantine Building 2, cemented into the floor (Figs. 16-19). It has a plain, slightly thickened rim, of diameter 32.8cm, a cylindrical neck, horizontal shoulders with shallow irregular groves and a narrow ovoid body with a narrow, elongated base, the extremity of which is rounded (Fig. 18). This vessel was probably in use throughout the building’s ‘lifetime’. The setting of the feature is stratigraphically dated to the 7th century AD. The vessel was broken by wall collapse which smashed its upper part (Figs. 16, 17). The collapse is dated to the 8/9th century AD (Klontza-Jaklova, in press). The vessel was made from medium-coarse fabric of red colour with black and white, inclusions. Its surface is smooth and was covered in a white buff slip, probably after the vessel was set in place as it occurs only on the visible part of the vessel, being absent both from the lower part, cemented into the floor, and from the side next to the wall. A linear motif, made after the vessel was fired, was incised on the shoulder (Fig. 19). There are some parallels in Saraçhane but no motif is identical or even similar (Hayes 1992, 78, 79, fig. 28.1-6). A colleague, E. Dafi, informed us about similar motifs on a pithos or amphora found in the island of Santorini. No published parallels were found apart from the large vessels from Eleutherna (Themelis 2002, 106, fig. 132).

A similar, less well preserved (the upper part of the vessel is missing) and, as yet, not securely dated, feature was discovered in trench A6000 (Hayden and Tsipopoulou, 2012).

Directly behind this cemented-in storage vessel was a funnel with a turned-in thickened rim, a wide conical body and a rounded lower part concluding in a conical stem, which was broken (Fig. 20). The fabric differs from that of the amphora/pithos; although its colour is identical, the inclusions are larger and have different colours (mainly reddish brown grains, probably siltstone). Similar funnels, without handles, have been found, such as that from Acium, which was dated to 5/6th century AD by coins (Amari, this volume).

This permanent storage feature is clearly a dominant element but there were also fragments of smaller storage jars documented. There is thus a lack of parallels. One such example was a body sherd of a barrel shaped hand-made vessel, decorated with a relief band between neck and shoulders and remnants of fine combed wave decoration (Figs. 21-22). The fabric is medium coarse and rich in white, brown and black rounded inclusions, with calcite pits on the surface. It was found in Trench IV, in context C526, which was part of a floor deposit. It was accompanied by fragments of globular amphorae dated to the 8th c. (Tzavella 2013).

Conclusions

Even a preliminary study makes it clear that Priniatikos Pyrgos was connected with many different places both on the island and overseas, given that the majority of transport pottery was imported.

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But it is abundantly clear that the area of Istron-Kalo Chorio was also producing its own pottery by employing the clay sediments of this area’s river benches and alluvium. These clays were used not only for the vessels used by local populations (storage, cooking and table ware) but also for production of transport containers.

The study of Priniatikos Pyrgos transport and storage pottery is a major task for the coming study seasons. Our first efforts are being put into reconstructing the vessels, their quantitative analyses, the definition of the fabrics used and typological analyses. Petrographic analyses will follow, following the direction of previous academic studies. Environmental surveys are also planned (and on a small scale already started) in order to establish the sources of local clays (Fig. 22).

Acknowledgments

This paper owes its existence to Dr Barbara Hayden’s and Dr Barry Molloy’s faith in my ability to coordinate the study of the post-Roman pottery of Priniatikos Pyrgos, the excellent initiation into the complexities of this topic I received from Dr Harriet Blitzer and the help and encouragement given to us by Dr Natalia Poulou who has remained close to our project throughout. I am deeply appreciative of Dr Sue Bridgford’s cooperation in the field (where we have worked together harmoniously for four field seasons) and of her editorial help with my papers and articles. My colleague Kilian Mallon’s participation in the subsequent study was essential in bringing it to fruition. My thanks are also addressed to all students, graduate students and colleagues who have participated in the Priniatikos project and made this study possible.

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Poulou-Papadimitriou, N. 2001. Βυζαντινή κεραμική από τον ελληνικό νησιωτικό χώρο και από την Πελοπόννησο (7ος-9ος αι.): Μια πρώτη προσέγγιση. In Vryonis, S. V. (ed.), Οι Σκοτεινοί αιώνες του Βυζαντίου (7ος - 9ος αιώνας, Πρακτικά 9ου διεθνούς συμποσίου, Εθνικό Ίδρυμα Ερευνών. Ινστιτούτο

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Web pages:

www.priniatikos.net

http://www.museum.upenn.edu/new/research/Hayden/index.shtml

http://www.myseum,upenn.edu/new/research/Exp_Rese_Disc/Mediterranean/Vrokastro/index.sh

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Fig. 1. Location of Priniatikos Pyrgos

Fig. 2. Plan of Priniatikos Pyrgos excavation

Fig. 3. Leon III silver milliaresion (2:1)

Fig. 4. LRA2 amphora fragment (1:3) (cat. nr. 10-6837)

Fig. 5. Deeply ribbed sherd (1:3) (cat. nr. 10-6696)

Fig. 6. Deeply ribbed sherd (1:3) (cat. nr. 10-7162)

Fig. 7. 8th c. amphora (1:4) (cat. nr. 06-0356)

Fig. 8. Amphora (1:4) (cat. nr. 09-6450)

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Fig. 9. 8th c. AD amphora (1:10) (cat. nr. 10-6835)

Fig. 10. Late globular Aegean amphora (8th-early 9th c. AD) (1:10)

(cat. nr. 06-0529)

Fig. 11. Late globular Aegean amphora (8th-early 9th c. AD) (1:10)

(cat. nr. 06-05222)

Fig. 12. Late globular Aegean amphora (8th-early 9th c. AD) (1:10)

(cat. nr. 09-6627)

Fig. 13. Late globular Aegean amphora in situ (1:10) (cat. nr. 09-6627)

Fig. 14. Fragment of locally produced amphora (1:4) (cat. nr. 08-6380)

..

Fig. 15. Kiln waster (1:3) (cat. nr. 05-0045)

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Fig. 16. Amphora/pithos cemented in the floor, before excavation. Upper part broken by wall collapse. (C545,

cat. nr. 09-6624)

Fig. 17. Amphora/pithos cemented in the floor after exposition. (C545, cat. nr. 09-6624)

Fig. 18 Drawing reconstruction of amphora/pithos cemented in floor (1:10) (cat. nr. 09-6624)

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Fig. 19. Sgraffito on neck of amphora/pithos (1:1) (cat. nr. 09-6624)

Fig. 20. Funnel (1:4) (cat. nr.09-6656)

Fig. 21. Fragment of storage jar (drawing reconstruction) (1:3) (cat. nr. 10-6744)

Fig. 22. Fragment of storage jar (drawing reconstruction) (1:3) (cat. nr. 10-6744)

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Fig. 23 Prospection in Kalo Chorio region 2011 (stream of “Kalo Potami”).