ASSESSMENT AND PROGRESS REPORT ON MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

(MDGs) 2 AND 3 IN THE SOUTH-EAST STATES OF NIGERIA.

BY

Dr. ONODUGO IFEANYI CHRIS

DEPT. OF VOCATIONAL TEACHER EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA NSUKKA

08035513652

Chrisfavour2002@yahoo.com

Submitted to

Department of International Development (DFID)

10 Bobo Street, Off Gana Street

Maitama, Abuja

21st January, 2011

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TABLE OF CONTENT.

Title Page.

Table of Contents.

Abbreviations/Acronyms.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1Background

1.2Nigeria and MDGs

1.3Justification for the MDGs Assessment and Conference in the

South East

1.4Objectives.

2.0BACKGROUND ON THE SOUTH EAST STATES: Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi,

Enugu and Imo.

3.0METHODOLOGY

3.1Sources and Nature of Data Collected.

3.2 Methods of Data Collection

3.3Data Analysis

4.0 RESULTS/FINDINGS

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4.1Awareness and Knowledge of MDGs in the SE States.

4.2MDGs Programmes/Projects/Activities

4.3MDGs Funding and Disbursements

4.4Initiatives and Interventions for Achieving MDGs Targets

4.5 Status/Progress in the Achievement of the MDGs Targets.:

Remember to show MDGs performance/achievements using traffic

lights representations.

4.5 Challenges and Limitations: factors that promote/hinder

achievement of MDGs targets.

5.0 POTENTIALS/PROSPECTS FOR ACHIEVING MDGs BY 2015

6.0 LESSONS LEARNT

7.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

REFERENCES

APPENDICES/ANNEXURES

Abbreviations/Acronyms.

CBO Community Based Organization

NACA National Agency for the Control of AIDS

FMWASD Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and Social

Development

FBO Faith Based Organization

GoN Government of Nigeria

MCAT Management Capacity Assessment Tool

NGO Non-Government Organization

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NCPA National Costed Plan of Action

OVC Orphans and Vulnerable Children

PEPFAR U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief

RFA Request for Application

UNAIDS United Nations Program on HIV & AIDS

USAID United States Agency for International Development

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1Background:

In September, 2000, representatives of 189 nations including

149 heads of state and government gathered at the United

Nations Headquarters in New York for the Millennium Summit to

chart a new course for world leaders. That momentous gathering

gave birth to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) aimed at

transforming the lives of world’s people, including reducing

by half the number of people living in extreme poverty. MDGs

embraces global concern for sustainable development and aimed

at promoting a comprehensive approach and a coordinated

strategy’ for tackling development issues which will in the

long run help in bridging the gap between the rich and poor

nations. They are also a commitment by world leaders to give

attention to development concerns.

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) are high level

international development goals tied to eighteen (18) socio-

economic indicators aimed at achieving the transformation of

the living conditions of all people at the turn of the third

millennium. The goals are to be pursued by various countries

aided by supportive collaboration from at least twenty-

three(230 international organisations and are meant to be

achieved or realised in 2015.T he eight MDGs include:

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger ;achieve universal basic

education; promote gender equality and empower women; reduce

child mortality; improve maternal health; combat HIV/AIDS,

malaria and other diseases; ensure environmental

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sustainability; and develop a global partnership for

development. Linked to these eight goals are 21 targets,

namely: Halve between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people

whose in income is less than a dollar; halve between 1990 and

2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger; ensure

that by 2015,children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will

be able to complete a full course of primary schooling;

eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary

education ,preferably by 2015 ,and in all levels of education

not later than 2015; reduce by two-thirds between 1990 and

2015, the under five mortality rate; reduce by three quarter

between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio. Others

include: Halve by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of

HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases; integrate the principles

of sustainable development into country policies and

programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources;

halve by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable

access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation; by 2020,

to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at

least 100 million slum dwellers (Ndace, 2009).

Also, the MDGs has to do with the development of an

open ,predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial

system and commitment to good governance, development and

poverty reduction nationally and internationally; addressing

the special needs of the least developed countries- tarrif and

quota free access for the least developed countries’

exports ,enhanced programme of debt relief for heavily

indebted poor countries and cancellation of official

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bilateral debt and more generous ODA for countries committed

to poverty reduction. It is as well concerned with addressing

the special needs of land locked countries and small

developing states. In addition, it is to deal comprehensively

with the debt problems of developing countries through

national and international measures in order to make debt

sustainable in the long run; in cooperation with developed

countries provide and implement strategies for decent and

productive work for youth; in cooperation with pharmaceutical

companies ,provide access to affordable essential drugs in

developing countries and in cooperation with the private

sector, make available the benefits of new

technologies ,especially information and

communication(Ndace,2009).

1.2 Nigeria and the MDGs:

Nigeria is rich in both human and natural resources. It has a

population of 140 million people, it is the 7th largest crude

oil producer in the world, and has the fourth largest economy

in Africa.

Four decades after independence in 1960, Nigeria remains a

poor country with a per capita income of US S 260 in 2000.At

the dawn of the Third Millennium, approximately 70% of the

population still lived on less than US S 1 a day, an

indication of extreme poverty .Real GDP growth has remained

sluggish, averaging 3.5% per annum since 2000(AFRODAD,2005) .

The overall GDP growth rate rose sharply from 3.49% in 2002

to 10.23% in 2003 and then declined sharply to 6.09% in 2004.

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The sharp increase and fall of the overall GDP growth rate was

attributed to the fluctuating fortune in the oil and gas

sector( NBS,2005).On poverty index, Nigeria is ranked 39th in

Africa and 14th out of 16 countries in West Africa making it

one of the poorest in the continent.( Ndace,2009).Thus, in the

last couple of decades, Nigeria has witnessed a decline in its

economy amid high levels of corruption ,rising unemployment,

debilitating diseases such as HIV/AIDS ,malaria, measles and

tuberculosis ,massive growth in population ,migration of

skilled labour ,weak governance and widespread poverty ,most

especially in the rural areas. The Millennium Development

Goals (MDGs) represent an opportunity for Nigeria to tackle

some of these socio-economic problems that have been deterring

growth (OSSAP-MDG...).

Since Nigeria endorsed the 2000 Millennium Declaration of the

United Nations, the government has taken a wide range of steps

to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). To

demonstrate Government’s commitment to this world project,

Nigeria created a Virtual Poverty Fund in 2005 to support the

sectors directly responsible for implementing MDG projects and

programmes. The Fund received a boost in 2006 with additional

funding to Nigeria by the Paris Club as debt relief amounting

to N110 billion for MDG projects and other pro-poor

initiatives of Government. Again, the Federal Government of

Nigeria (FGN) gave visibility and due emphasis to the MDG

programmes through the establishment of an MDG Office and

appointment of a Senior Special Assistant to the President to

take charge of the Office as well as the establishment of a

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Presidential Committee to assess the implementation of the MDG

programmes in Nigeria. Furthermore, Government has anchored

most of her policies, plans and programmes such as the NEEDS,

7-point Agenda and Vision 20-2020,among others ,on the

Millennium Development Goals( MDGs).

With respect to the achievements of the MDGs so far, reports

have been divergent and uneven. There have been areas of

tremendous success and there have been areas that have not

done so well. The 2004 report which was Nigeria’s first report

on the MDGs states that “based on available information ,it is

unlikely that the country will be able to meet most of the

goals by 2015 especially the goals related to eradicating

extreme poverty and hunger ,reducing child and maternal

mortality and combating HIV/AIDS ,Malaria and other diseases”

all due to wide spread corruption ,conflict over the control

of oil and political instability ,especially in the Niger

Delta Region .With widening inequality and considerable

regional variation in human development as well as abysmally

low Human Development Index, indicators are glaring that

Nigeria may not meet the 2015 deadline( Ugwoke,2009).With an

average annual investment rate of barely 16% of GDP, Nigeria

is far behind the minimum investment rate of about 30% of GDP

required to reach a growth rate of at least 7-8% per annum

required to achieve the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) by

2015. Most of the Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) into the

country is directed at the oil and extractive sectors .Thus,

the economic structure remains undiversified and oil exports

account for 95% of the total export earnings, while the

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manufacturing sector accounts for less than one percent(1%)

(UNDP,2004). However, the assessment of progress on the MDGs

to date by The Presidential Committee on Strategy and

Prioritisation of the MDGs concluded that considerable

progress has been made on a number of goals ,such as Universal

Basic Education and halting the spread of HIV/AIDS. It noted

that Nigeria is faced with significant challenges to meet some

of the goals particularly in the health sector, despite

government reforms and increased investment. In all MDGs-

related sectors, a scaling- up of investments is required to

ensure the 2015 target is met (www.mdgs.gov.ng).

1.3 Justification for the MDGs Assessment and Conference in

the South-East:

The South-East is one the six(6) geopolitical zones of Nigeria

comprising of five(5) states of Abia ,Anambra ,Ebonyi, Enugu

and Imo involved in the implementation of the MDGs projects

and programmes in Nigeria. Constitutionally, all the three

tiers of government, namely, federal, states and LGAs are

empowered to make budget provisions and receive debt relief

funds and other special fund allocations for the purpose of

implementing the MDGs projects and programmes at the various

levels. Thus, the five South East states of Nigeria have been

implementing various MDGs programmes since the endorsement of

the MDGs Declaration in 2000 by the Federal Government of

Nigeria (FGN).

The Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Initiative of the Office

of the Senior Special Assistant to the President on

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MDGs( OSSAP) has been involved in the monitoring of the

implementation of the MDGs across the states with the

production of status reports on progress from 2006 to 2009.

This notwithstanding, the emphasis is not on state –based

impact assessment and progress review to give insight into the

achievement of the MDGS and impact on poverty reduction among

the citizens at the state level .Most of the available MDGs

progress/status reports mainly reflect an averaging of the 36

states data or indicators within the Nigerian federal

structure and do not reflect the status of MDG attainment and

impact on the livelihoods and social conditions of the people

on a state by state basis.

With only five (5) years left until the 2015 deadline to

achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) , the status

of Nigeria with regard to MDGs attainment may be unachievable

by the year 2015 except drastic steps are taken. It would be

helpful in doing so to see where, within the Nigerian states,

there are successes that can be used to catalyse

improvement .On the other hand, it would also be helpful to

identify where efforts are being stalled or are failing with

a view to tackling the identified challenges to enhance the

achievement of the MDGs targets by the year 2015.

It therefore became necessary to carry out an impact

assessment and review of progress made by the South East

States towards achieving the MDGs which will culminate in a

conference of South East States on MDGs .It is envisaged the

output from the assessment survey and conference will

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significantly boost progress towards the achievement of the

MDGs in the South East and Nigeria as a whole.

1.4 Objectives:

The purpose or general objective of the MDGs assessment and

conference was to locate ,extract ,summarise, analyse and

interprete all relevant data and information required in

determining the current status of the MDGs in the South East

Region as well as present findings to stakeholders during the

conference .In other words, it is to disaggregate and measure

the MDGs attainment levels for each state of the South East

Region of Nigeria with a view to suggesting ways of managing

state resources towards achieving these targets.

Specifically, the objectives were to:

1. Locate important reference sources for relevant documents

and materials to provide alternative conclusions and/ or

opinions on Human Development Indices in the South East.

2. Provide an evidence- based indications on the status of

the MDGs in the South East as at January, 2010 using

traffic light representations.

3. Analyse the situation in each state to determine the

factors which boost or hinder progress( particularly

issues around governance ,budget allocation, etc)

4. Identify initiatives and good practices within or

outside the states in the region, in Nigeria and/or

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outside Nigeria that may be useful to showcase for

promoting the achievement of MDGs targets in the Region.

5. Make power point presentation of findings as well as

facilitate the break-out sessions and proceedings of the

conference.

6. Produce both Assessment and Progress Report, and Workshop

Report for submission to DFID.

2.0 BACKGROUND ON THE SOUTH EAST STATES

The South East geopolitical zone is made up of five (5)

states, namely, Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu and Imo

States with eighty-five (85) Local Government Areas

(LGAs) and a population of over sixteen (16) million

people dwelling in over twenty (20) commercial cities and

large towns .The zone is mainly known for its commerce

and trading activities with a preponderance of indigenous

industries that are into manufacturing, fabrication and

agro-allied produce. The agricultural sector thrives very

well in the area because the zone is endowed with fertile

land.Some states within the zone are blessed with solid

minerals and other natural resources such as coal, tin,

columbite, etc. In addition ,two (2) of the South East

States in the zone( Abia and Imo)are producing states and

thus share from the 13% derivation fund given to the oil

producing states in Nigeria( Okauru,2010).

a) Abia State:

b) A nambra State

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c) Ebonyi State

d) Enugu State

e) Imo State

3.0 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Sources and Nature of Data Collected:

The following reference sources were consulted for the purpose

of delivering this assignment:

Database and publications of the National Bureau of

Statistics (NBS).

National MDG Office publications and reports.

National Poverty Eradication Programme Publications and

Reports.

State MDG Offices Publications and Reports.

State Ministries of Poverty Reduction Publications and

Reports.

State Ministries of Environment Publications and Reports.

WHO, UNICEF, UNESCO, UNDP, UNIFEM, UNAIDS and other

international sources of data on development and poverty

reduction.

FAO, HABITATs, IMF, World Bank and other international

environmental organisations publications and Reports.

Other bi-lateral and multi-lateral organisations in the

South East States, including but not limited to the EU,

CIDA, USAID, DFID, etc.

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The nature of data collected was both quantitative and

qualitative. Quantitative data were collected through field

surveys across the five (5) South East States of Nigeria.

These include data relating to MDGs indicators and targets

and Human Development Indices in the respective States of

the South East Region. Qualitative data collected were those

related to awareness of the people about MDGs and their

perceptions about the contributions of MDG to poverty

reduction, employment and their standard of living, among

others.

3.2 Methods of Data Collection:

Different approaches were used in generating data and these

include interviews and desk study. Interviews were

conducted using structured questionnaire to elicit

information from selected respondents in the relevant

Ministries ,Departments and Agencies( MDAs) and other

establishments in the South East States. Questionnaire were

administered essentially for the collection of primary data

during field surveys across the states. On the other hand,

secondary data were generated through desk study involving

the review of published works, technical reports/documents

from various national and state agencies and internal

development and bilateral organisations. These include the

NBS, MDG Offices, UNDP, World Bank, EU and DFID, among

others.

3.3 Data Analysis:

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Data so collected were analysed using descriptive statistics

such as frequency tables, cross tabulations ,bar charts ,

percentages ,averages,among others .Each state data were

analysed and the results presented independently .They were

meant to explain the current MDGs status and attainment

level of the five( 5) South East States of Nigeria.

RESULTS/F INDINGS:

Awareness and Knowledge of MDGs in the South East

States.

MDGs Programmes/Projects/Activities in the State.

MDGs Funding and Disbursements.

Initiatives and Interventions for Achieving MDGs

Targets.

Status and Progress in the Achievement of MDGs Targets

in the State.

Challenges and Limitations: Factors that Promote/Hinder

Achievement of MDGs Targets in the South States.

Potentials/Prospects for Achieving MDGs by 2015 in the

State

Lessons Learnt.

Conclusion and Recommendations.

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ABIA STATE

Historical Development

"Abia" is an acronym formed from the initial letters of four

groups of people, namely: Aba, Bende, lsuikwuato and Afikpo.

These constituted the major groups in the state at its

creation. At the country's independence in 1960, Abia was part

of the then Eastern Region. From 27th May, 1967, it became a

part of the East Central State, created by the then Head of

the Federal Military Government, General Yakubu Gowon. On 3rd

February, 1976, East Central State was split into two

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states(Anambra and Imo) by the Federal Military Government

headed by General Murtala Mohammed.

On 27th August, 1991, the Federal Military Government under

General lbrahim Babangida carved out Abia State from Imo

State, bringing to thirty the number of states in Nigeria.

Furthermore, in October, 1996, the Federal Military Government

under General Sani Abacha created six more states bringing to

thirty-six the number of states in the federation.

During this exercise, four local government areas (LGAs)

namely, Onicha, Ohaozara, Afikpo North and Afikpo South, which

occupy the northeastern corner of the state, were transferred

to the (newly created) Ebonyi State.

Located in the southeastern region of Nigeria, Abia State lies

within approximately latitudes 4� 40' and 6� 14' north, and

longitudes 7� 10' and 8� east. The state shares common

boundaries to the north with Ebonyi State; to the south and

southwest with Rivers State; and to the east and southeast

with Cross River and Akwa lbom States respectively. To the

west is Imo State, and to the northwest is Anambra State.

The state covers an area of about 5,243.7 sq. km which is

approximately 5.8 per cent of the total land area of Nigeria.

With its capital at Umuahia, it has seventeen LGAs, namely:

Aba North, Aba South, Isiala Ngwa North, Isiala Ngwa South,

Ukwa West, Ukwa East, Obingwa, lkwuano, Bende, Arochukwu,

Ohafia, lsuikwuato, Umuahia North, Umuahia South, Ugwunagbo,

Osisioma and Nnochi.

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Geography

Abia State, which occupies about 5,834 square kilometers, is

bounded on the north and northeast by the states of Anambra,

Enugu, and Ebonyi. To the west of Abia is Imo State, to the

east and southeast are Cross River State and Akwa Ibom State,

and to the south is Rivers State. The southern part of the

State lies within the riverine part of Nigeria. It is low-

lying with a heavy rainfall of about 2400 mm/year especially

intense between the months of April through October. The rest

of the State is moderately high plain. The most important

rivers in Abia State are the Imo and Aba Rivers which flow

into the Atlantic Ocean through the Niger Delta.

Infrastructure and economy

Crude oil and gas production is a prominent activity, as it

contributes to 39% of the GDP. Representing 27% of the GDP,

agriculture, which employs 70% of the state workforce, is the

second economic sector of Abia. With its adequate seasonal

rainfall, Abia has much arable land that produces yams, maize,

potatoes, rice, cashews, plantains, and cassava. Abia also has

large crude oil deposits. The manufacturing sector only

accounts for 2% of the GDP.

University and Colleges

There are two universities in the state: the federally owned

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture at Umudike and the

state-owned Abia State University in Uturu. There are two

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tertiary hospitals, the Federal Medical Center in Umuahia and

the Abia State University Teaching Hospital in Aba, which

serve as referral hospitals in the state. The Abia State

Polytechnic is also in the city of Aba. Abia is one of the

more peaceful states of Nigeria and has been a "haven" for

foreign investors. The state's population has grown rapidly

since its creation

4.1.1 Awareness and Knowledge of MDGs:

In Abia State, survey results showed that the citizens are

generally aware of the MDGs in the state. Their sources of

information were found to include radio, television, flyers,

newspapers/magazines, fellow staff/relations/individuals and

conferences/seminars/workshops/conferences. Twenty-five

percent (25%) of the respondents sourced their information

mainly from radio and television while 75% of them got to know

about the MDGs in the state through the other aforementioned

sources .However ,most operators in the relevant MDAs are not

aware of the MDGs and their expected level of participation in

the implementation to achieve the targets.

4.1.2 MDGs Programmes/Projects and Interventions:

Abia State Government was able to develop a policy framework

or document called Abia State Economic Empowerment and

Development Strategy (ABSEEDS) and other policies which

present several sectoral strategies that focused on the

achievement of the MDGs.

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In order to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), a

good number of programmes, projects and activities were

embarked upon since 2006 in Abia State .These cut across many

sectors including health ,education, water ,

agriculture ,power and women affairs. Other initiatives and

interventions were the Conditional Grant Scheme( CGS), Quick

Wins, housing and urban development ,capacity building and

youth development projects as well as special interventions

such as the National Poverty Eradication Programme( NAPEP).

The CGS is a mechanism designed by the federal government to

promote active participation of state and local governments in

the realisation of the MDGs .The states are required to make

505 counterpart fund contribution. The Abia State CGS projects

were made up of 127 construction/rehabilitation projects and

the equipping of 87 health centres. Based on M& E

Reports(2010),7.15 of the construction projects have been

started,28% ongoing,61% completed but not in use while 3.9%

only were completed and in use(ie delivering service to the

people. With respect to equipping health

centres/facilities,11.5% of the equipment and supplies have

not been supplied,62.1% have been supplied but not in use

while 26% only have been supplied and put in use. The Quickwin

projects, on the other hand, are designed to achieve the

development of infrastructure in the various sectors of health

,education, water and sanitation,etc. In Abia State, out of

the 116 approved projects under the quickwins, 7% have not

been started,13.7% ongoing, while 79.3% had been completed.

Amidst all the programmes under the health sector in Abia

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State ,only those under immunisation ,HIV/AIDS and malaria

control were carried out. Projects in the education sector

were executed in the area of universal basic

education ,building the capacity of the teachers ,improving

learning skills ,etc. The universal education projects

implemented were with respect to the establishment of youth

centres for boy drop outs, federal teachers scheme, and skill

acquisition centres in the three senatorial zones as well as

capacity building for school based management committees

(SBMCs). The National Teacher’s Institute projects were

carried out in the area of training of primary school

teachers, quality assurance by key stakeholders ,etc. Mass

literacy programmes were carried out through radio

programmes ,advocacy and sensitization of key stakeholders

towards promoting mass literacy for adult and out of school

youths.

4.1.3 MDGs Funding and Disbursements:

Sources of funding for MDGs in Abia State were identified to

come from the Federal Government of Nigeria( FGN), Abia State

Government, Local Governments and the private sector. A bout

53% of the finances came from the federal government, 35%

state government and 12% private sector .In terms of budget

allocation and public spending on MDGs, Abia State Government

appropriated the sum of N137 Million as counterpart fund for

poverty alleviation projects in the state in year 2007.She

also provided a counterpart fund of N240Million in 2008.With

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respect to the CGS-MDGs projects, the state government

appropriated the sum of N300Million and N1Billion in 2009

and2010 respectively. By implication, the Federal Government

of Nigeria(FGN) provided the matching fund for the execution

of the targeted MDGs projects in the state. Budget allocation

and public spending for MDGs projects in Abia State from 2007

to 2010 are summarised in Table1 below.

Table 1:

In the light of the above funding disposition, it is

considered inadequate by the respondents for the achievement

of the MDGs targets in the state by 2015.

4.1.4 Status and Progress in the Achievement of MDGs Targets;

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MDG INDICATORS AND PERFORMANCE: ABIA STATE.

S/N GOAL AND INDICATOR 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

2. ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (%)

94.57 83.07 81.78 82.69 76.93 76.29 70.80 82.6 98.7

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one who reached Grade five (%) completion rate

74.3 71.0 95.70

Grade six Completion rate 20.0 59.7

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old 80.35 82.20 82.28 82.29 82.30 82.33 82.50 82.33 89.3

3. PROMOTION GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER

Ratio of girls to boys in prim. Education(girls per 100 boys)

1.02:0.83

1.02:0.98

1.01:0.99

1.01:0.99

0.97:1.03

0.95:1.05

1.00:0.99

1.01:1.0

Ratio of girls to boys in Sec. Education (girls per 100 boys

1.20:0.83

1.19:0.84

1.01:0.99

1.23:0.81

1.28:0.78

1.26:0.20

1.02:00

Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria Universities (girls per 100 boys

0.90:1.12

0.99:1.01

1.03:0.92

0.83:1.20

0.84:1.

Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector

Proportion of seats held by women in 0 0 0 0 9.09 9.09 9.09 9.09 18.18

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national parliament (%)

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Net enrolment ratio in primary Education

(%)

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one who reached Grade five (%) compl...

Grade six Completion

rateLiterate

rate of 15 – 24 years old

0102030405060708090

100

ABIA STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

199920002001200220032004200520062007

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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20 ABIA STATE JOURNEY TOWARD ACHEIVING MDG GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

Girls (1999)Boys (1999)Girls (2000)Boys (2000)Girls (2001)Boys (2001)Girls (2002)Boys (2002)Girls (2003)Boys (2003)Girls (2004)Boys (2004)Girls (2005)Boys (2005)Girls (2006)Boys (2006)Girls (2007)Boys (2007)

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NET ENROLMENT RATE IN PRIMARY EDUCATION

This is the first indicator for the achievement of

universal primary education in Abia State. From 2005 to 2007,

there has been a progressive increase in the rate; in 2005, it

was 70.80%, it rose to 82.6 in 2006 and again to 98.7 in 2007.

This shows that the state is actually making a positive

progress towards the achievement universal primary education

by 2015. All thing being equal, this will be accomplished by

the state.

Proportion of Pupils Starting Grade one who reached grade five

completion rate:- This indicator in the state of Abia showed

equally a proof of concerted effort by the government of the

state achieve the MDG goal 2 as the rate increased from 71.0%

to 95.70 in 2007. This also shows that the state is on track

towards achieving universal education by 2015.

Grade six completion rate:- Another major indicator for the

achievement of MDG goal 2 “universal education” is the grade

six completion rate another progress is recorded here by the

state, the rate moved from 20.0 in 2006 to 59.7 in 2007. Even

though the rate is slightly above half bearing in mind that

the MDG3 were set in and from 2007 to 2015, we just have 8

years left, if the state maintain the rate of increase from

20.0% in 2006 to 59% in 2007, which is 35.5% definitely they

will achieve the goal before 2015.

Literate rate of 15-24 years old:- For the past eight years

(i.e. 1999-2006) the youth literacy rate has been around 82%,

but there was an increase from 82.33% in 2006 to 89.3% in

28 | P a g e

2007. this also suggest that the state has started making

progress towards achieving universal education by 2015.

Goal 3:- promotion of gender equality and women empowerment in

ABIA state.

Ratio of girls to boys in primary education (Girls per 100

Boys):- The analysis of this indicator in Abia State shows

that in 2006 the ratio of girls per 100 boys was 100:99 but in

2007 it rose to 101:100 indicating that Abia State as 2007 was

at the verge of achieving a gender equality goal based on this

indicator.

Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education (girls per 100

boys):- The figure here also shows that Abia State is nearing

the achievement of the MDG goal 3 on the promotion of gender

equality and women empowerment as the ratio as at 2006 stood

at 100 boys to 97 girls while in 2007 it came at 102 boys to

100 girls.

Ratio of girls to boys in Nigerian Universities (Girls per 100

boys):- There was an increase also in this indicator as the

ratio moved from 0.83:1.20 in 2006 to 0.84:1.0 in 2007. this

also shows that Abia State is in course in achieving the MDG

goal 3 of promotion gender equality and women empowerment.

Proportion of seats held by women in National Parliament (%):-

In Abia State from 1999 to 2003, out of 11 members

representing Abia at the National Assembly non-was a female

showing a 0%. However, between 2003 and 2006 we had 2 females

out of the 11 members from the state giving us a 9.09%. This

figure increase to 2 females between 2007 and 2010 increasing

the proportion to 18.18 percent.

29 | P a g e

This shows that based on this indicator, Abia State might

not be able to meet up with the goal by 2015.

4.1.5 Challenges and Limitations to Achievement of MDGs in

Abia State:

Across the sectors and MDGs, survey results showed that a

number of factors if not checked may hinder the achievement of

MDGs in the state. These were identified to include the

following:

i)Slow rate of commissioning completed projects eg health

centres ,boreholes, schools, etc which adversely affect

delivery of services to the people as well make such

facilities inaccessible to the target communities.

ii) Inadequate manpower especially in health centres and

schools .In some cases where these facilities have

equipment ,materials and supplies ,the absence of adequate

well qualified and experienced staff tend to affect the

quality of services in these health centres and schools.

iii) De-motivated workforce with poor attitude to work

including the execution of MDGs programmes/projects in the

state.

iv)Poor and slow construction works by some contractors who

use sub-standard materials in building the facilities.

v) Low political will and inadequate response to counterpart

funding arrangements by government.

30 | P a g e

vi) Cultural factors and stigmatisation that limit gender

equality and women empowerment as well as the combat of

HIV/AIDS ,malaria and other diseases in the state.

vii)Absence of water supply in most of the health centres

which exacerbate health and sanitation conditions among the

citizens.

viii) Gross inadequate logistics back up in the Ministries,

Departments and Agencies( MDAs) responsible for implementing

most of these MDGs programmes ,projects and activities

especially at the grassroots communities.

ix)Weak capacities of the existing staff of the MDAs which

lead to poor management and implementation of the MDGs

programmes in the state.

4.1.6 Potentials/Prospects for Achieving MDGs Targets by 2015:

Based on the results of the survey and from the perspectives

of the respondents, it is likely that significant achievements

will not be made towards achieving most of the MDGs targets by

2015 in Abia State. However, there is good prospect for

achieving substantially MDG 5, Target 6 on reducing by 2/3

between 1990 and2015 the under-five mortality rate which in

2010 stood at ....%. in Abia State .Majority of the

respondents also hold the view that there is good prospect for

achieving significantly towards meeting MDGs 5,Target 6 on

reducing by 3/4 between 1990 and 2015 the maternal mortality

rate. In 2010, the maternal mortality rate in Abia state was

recorded as ......%.

31 | P a g e

Furthermore, there is average potential for the achievement of

Goal 6,Target 7 on having halted by 2015, and begun to reverse

the spread of HIV/AIDS as well as weak prospect for the

achievement of Goal 6 Target 8 on having halted by 2015 and

begun the reverse of the incidence of malaria and other major

diseases.

Overall, the picture appear gloomy unless positive and urgent

steps are taken to fast track the achievement of the MDGs

Targets in Abia State.

5.0 LESSONS LEARNT:

Key lessons learnt in the course of the survey hinge on the

gaps with respect to planning, implementation and monitoring

of MDGs programmes ,projects and activities. Over 80% of the

MDGs projects were designed and implemented without the active

participation of the relevant MDAs and the beneficiary

communities as well as the civil society and private sector

in Abia State.

Although most of the communities identify with some completed

projects in their areas/locations, they hardly can identify

the source because of limited branding of MDGs projects. This

poses the problem of ownership and sustainability.

Absence of a functional monitoring and evaluation mechanism

made data generation, tracking, management and reporting on

the achievement of MDGs targets very difficult across all the

MDAs in the state.

32 | P a g e

Limited and weak collaboration between the three tiers of

government( Federal, State and Local Governments) and between

the MDAs in the planning and execution of MDGs programmes made

the achievement of MDGs targets in the state difficult. A

situation where federal MDAs plan and implement MDGs projects

at the state and Local Government levels without effective

advocacy and consultation with the Abia State Government is

counter-productive and undesirable.

6.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.

6.1 Conclusion: Measurable impact of the MDGs programmes,

projects and activities on livelihood and human development

alongside the various targets are not yet properly recorded

and documented in the state. However, a good number of MDGs

projects have been completed and on-going in the State as

established by the Monitoring and Evaluation( M&E) Team from

the Office of the Senior Special Assistant to the President on

MDGs( OSSAP-MDGs)

6.2 Recommendations: In order to fast track the achievement of

the MDGs targets in Abia State ,the following recommendations

are considered necessary based on the results of the survey:

1) There is the need for improved governance through

transparency, accountability and enhanced political will to

guaranty adequate funding, effective service delivery ,

implementation and achievement of MDGs targets in the state.

2. MDAs and Local Government staff should be equipped with

adequate skills through capacity training to enable them

33 | P a g e

effectively implement the MDGs programmes and projects in the

state.

3) A Monitoring and Evaluation( M&E)framework should be

developed and a functional M&E system should be entrenched

within government for effective tracking ,management and

measurement of progress in the achievement of the MDGs.

4) Effective participation of all key stakeholders, the

federal MDAs, State Agencies, Local Government, Civil Society

Organisations( CSOs) and private sector, in the

design ,implementation, monitoring and evaluation of MDGs

projects will ensure maximum results and faster realisation of

the MDGs in Abia State.

5)A participatory community needs assessment involving MDGs

operators and community representatives should form an

integral part of the MDGs implementation process. This will

guarantee community ownership of the completed projects and

their sustainability. A CDD strategy could be used to ensure

effective community involvement and successful project

performance.

6) Projects in such sectors as education, youths

development ,agriculture, environment ,urban and housing

development and women affairs need to be scaled up to fast

track and achieve significantly the MDGs Targets by 2015.

34 | P a g e

ANAMBRA STATE

Anambra is a state in south-eastern Nigeria. Its name is an

anglicized version of the original 'Oma Mbala', the name of

the river now known as Anambra which the state is named after.

The Capital and the Seat of Government is Awka. Onitsha and

Nnewi are the biggest commercial and industrial cities,

respectively. The state's theme is "Light Of The Nation".

Boundaries are formed by Delta State to the west, Imo State

and Rivers State to the south, Enugu State to the east and

35 | P a g e

Kogi State to the north. The origin of the name is derived

from the Anambra River (Omambala) which is a tributary of the

famous River Niger.

The indigenous ethnic group in Anambra state are the Igbo (98%

of population) and a small population of Igala (2% of the

population) who live in the North western part of the state.[3]

Anambra is the eight most populated states in the Federal

Republic of Nigeria and the second most densely populated

state in Nigeria after Lagos State. The stretch of more than

45 km between Oba and Amorka contains a cluster of numerous

thickly populated villages and small towns giving the area an

estimated density of 1,500–2,000 persons living within every

square kilometer of the area.

Anambra possesses a history that stretches back to the 9th

century AD, as revealed by archaeological excavations at

oraukw and Ezira; Great works of art in iron, bronze, copper,

and pottery works belonging to the ancient Kingdom of Nri,

revealed a sophisticated divine Kingship administrative system

which held sway in the area of Anambra from c. 948 AD to 1911.

During the Nigerian/Biafran war, a relief airstrip, was

constructed by Biafran Engineers in the town of

Uli/Amorka(code named "Annabelle"). Extremely dangerous relief

flights took off from Sao Tome and other sites loaded with

tons of food and medicine for the distressed Biafran

population. Uli/Amorka airstrip was the site were brave

American pilots like Alex Nicoll, and scores of others, made

36 | P a g e

the supreme sacrifice in the service of humanity, delivering

tons of relief supplies to the Biafran population.[4] Disgusted

by the suffering and mounting death toll in Biafra from

starvation as well as the continuous harassment of the relief

planes by the Nigerian Airforce, Carl Gustaf von Rosen

resigned as a Red Cross relief pilot and helped Biafra to form

an Airforce of five Minicoin planes malmo MFI-9 stationed at

the Uga airstrip.He named his tiny but effective airforce

"Babies of Biafra" in honour of the babies who died via

starvation inside Biafra.

Old Anambra State was created in 1976 from part of East

Central State, and its capital was Enugu. A further re-

organisation in 1991 divided Anambra into two states, Anambra

and Enugu. The capital of Anambra is Awka.

Awka, the state capital, is also the center of Nigeria's

metalwork and carving industries. Educationally, Anambra is a

centre of excellence. There are the Nnamdi Azikiwe University

(UNIZIK), Awka a federal university with College of Medicine

situated at Nnewi. The UNIZIK Nnewi runs a modern Teaching

Hospital with facilities also at Umunya and Ukpo.

The Anambra State University, formerly known as Anambra State

University of Science and Technology (ASUTECH), with two

campuses, one in Uli, and another at Igbariam; the Federal

Polytechnic, Oko; Nwafor Orizu University of Education

(formerly known as the Nwafor Orizu College of Education),

Nsugbe. Private Universities include The Tansian University,

Umunya and Madonna University, Okija.

37 | P a g e

Literacy rate in the state is comparatively high. Some of the

more notable secondary schools include Dennis Memorial Grammar

School (D.M.G.S) Onitsha; St Christopher's Junior Seminary 3-3

Onitsha; Girls' Secondary School Onitsha; St Charles' Special

Science School (SCSSS), Onitsha; Christ the King college

(C.K.C) Onitsha; Our Lady's High School, Onitsha;

Comprehensive Secondary School Nawfia; Queen Of the Rosary

College (Q.R.C.) Onitsha, St. Monica's College, Ogbunike,

Nnamdi Azikiwe Secondary School, Abagana; St Mary's High

School, Ifite-Dunu; Igwebuike Grammar School, Awka; Lorretto

Special Science school Adazi; Father Joseph Memorial High

School, Aguleri; Girls High School, Umunya, Ajalli Government

School; Community Secondary School Igbariam and many more.

Primary and secondary school enrollment in the state is one of

the highest in the country. Consequently, Anambra state has

the highest number of JAMB candidates going after the limited

number of spaces in Nigeria's tertiary colleges.

METHODOLOGY

A team of three field assistants visited Anambra state. The

entry point of actual contact was the secretary of the MDG

Committee. The chair of the Committee who is also the Anambra

state Commissioner for Economic Planning Commission provided

the lead account of the state progress in terms of MDGs in the

state. The state has a 15-member ANSG MDG-CGS Implementation

Committee composed of 5 Commissioners, 3 permanent secretaries

and 2 LGA Heads of Administration, 2 representatives of the

civil society as well as the SSA(MDGs).

38 | P a g e

The team had a structured instrument for eliciting information

on state MDG activities. The Questionnaire was administered to

five Commissioners or their Permanent Secretary for

completion; another set of questionnaire was administered to

the directors of these MDAs for completion as a backup.

The team also sought for state specific secondary data. In

particular, data/information were obtained from the Anambra

State publication on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs);

ANIDS Website, National Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2003,

2008; Presidential Research and Communication Unit article;

questionnaires.

Data is both quantitative and qualitative.

7. RESULTS/FINDINGS

Sectoral Strategies as stipulated in SEEDS and MDGs are not

robustly outlined. The SEEDS is outdated and not in use at the

MDAs

The state does not know for sure where it stands in terms of

MDG targets though the Universal targets are clearly well

stated in a state pamphlet listing projects executed under the

CGS which have diffuse /more or less direct impact on MDG

targets.

There is no dedicated state funding or state initiatives

directed at MDG targets. MDG related funding trail is limited

39 | P a g e

to the payment of counterpart cash contributions to the CGS

and other development partners in the state

There was a serious lack of baseline information and real data

for monitoring progress against the MDG target or for

planning. All the MDAs had eventual recourse to the NDHS or

some national publication which even then they were slow or

reluctant to release.

Just as stated, the state claimed there was an upward rise of

impact of the MDGs in the region and Anambra State, even then

there is no evidence of any sort to show but if there were the

state has no way of knowing other than the elongating list of

projects and programmes under the CGS

Regarding the documentation of the projects and programmes in

the direction of addressing the MDGs, the state is obviously

underselling itself with projects and programmes undertaken by

the state, the LGAs, the development partners of the state

being undocumented

The team confirms that the EU, GHAIN, SuNMaP, the World Bank,

SFH are few of the international donors/development partners

that are active in the state.

The questionnaire show a general awareness of the creation and

knowledge of the MDGs, but informal discussions show that the

overall awareness and knowledge of the MDGs are patchy and not

well spread.

More awareness is therefore needed; apart from fever may be

the observed impact. In Anambra State, allocations for the

40 | P a g e

MDGs project have been in tandem matching and released on

yearly basis (2006 – 2009). Challenges include poor data base

and monitoring and Evaluation mechanism; No definite policy on

and public-private sector partnership; poor coordination

between the tiers of government; Limited human capacity to

implement the MDGs projects; among others.

Achievements in Anambra State under the MDGs include: -

Construction of 538 VIP toilets; Drilling of 186 solar-powered

boreholes; Supply of Antimalarial drugs to 138 Primary Health

Centres; Training of 250 Medical Doctors, Pharmacists and

Nurses; Improvement of Emergency Obstetric Care; Supply of

Medical Equipment to 105 Primary Health Centres; Supply of ICT

and other skills equipment to 10 Youth Skills Centres;

Construction of 10 Youths/Skills Centres. The implementation

of the MDGs in the State is manifest mostly in health, water

resources and youths development.

Anambra State in 2010 had a net enrollment of 876948 primary

school pupils with 416801 or 47.5% as males while 460147 or 52.5%

were females. These figures show a 5% disparity between male and

female enrollment.

It was observed that a total of 754064 pupils start grade 1 to

reach grade 5. Out of this figure of 358626 or 47.6% were males

while 395438 or 52.4% were females. The figures above also show

that 5% more of the female pupils than the males finish grade 1 -

5.

The figure below show students enrollment at the secondary school

level sex and class between2007/08and2010/1141 | P a g e

                        JSS 1-3                                  

SS 1-3

   YR          MALE             FEMALE                   MALE    

FEMALE         TOTAL

2007/08      42259              49987                      19879

27807           139932

2008/09      41036              47346                      22564

35134           146080

2009/10      38089              44478                      21577

27581           131869

2010/11      35435              39087                      22257

24961           121692

FIGURES FOR THE STATE CONTROLLED TETIARY INSTITUTIONS  IN

2008/2009

Nwafor Orizu College of Education

N. C. E. Programme                      MALE            

FEMALE          TOTAL

                                                    

65                   604                 669

Total for the students of the B.Ed Programme   =       

1606   .

ANSU,Uli                                  

                                                  

42 | P a g e

MALE            FEMALE            TOTAL

                                                   

8562               7330                 15892

LITERACY RATE OF 15 - 24 YRS BY SEX AS AT 2006

MALE (age group)

                                  LITERATE              NON

LITERATE      TOTAL

  15 - 19                          248866                     

5610                  254476

  20 - 24                          203022                     

5269                  208291

FEMALE

  15 -19                           241469                     

5835                  247304

  20 - 24                         217379                     

7375                  224754

43 | P a g e

MDG INDICATORS AND PERFORMANCE: ANAMBRA STATE.

S/N GOAL AND INDICATOR 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

2. ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (%)

97.32 90.55 91.16 91.21 87.82 88.13 85.10 85.10 96.8

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one who reached Grade five (%) completion rate

70.3 97.7

Grade six Completion rate 28.8 51.8

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old 61.25 81.20 79.80 79.45 79.09 78.38 78.60 94.0

3. PROMOTION GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER

Ratio of girls to boys in prim. Education(girls per 100 boys)

1.05:0.95

1.03:0.97

1.17:0.85

1.03:0.82

1.03:0.97

0.98:1.02

1.00:1.00

Ratio of girls to boys in Sec. Education (girls per 100 boys

1.51:0.66

1.52:0.66

1.33:0.75

1.29:0.78

1.04:0.96

0.93:1.08

0.98:1.03

Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria Universities (girls per 100 boys

1.01:0.99

1.16:0.86

1.22:0.82

1.09:0.92

1.09:0.92

Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector

Proportion of seats held by women in 7.14 7.14 7.14 7.14 14.29 14.29 14.29 14.29 21.43

44 | P a g e

national parliament (%)

45 | P a g e

Net enrolment ratio in primary

Education (%)

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one

who reached Grade five

(%) completion

rate

Grade six Completion

rateLiterate

rate of 15 – 24 years

old

0

20

40

60

80

100

ANAMBRA STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

199920002001200220032004200520062007

46 | P a g e

0

5

10

15

20

25ANAMBRA STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT Girls (1999)Boys (1999)Girls (2000)Boys (2000)Girls (2001)Boys (2001)Girls (2002)Boys (2002)Girls (2003)Boys (2003)Girls (2004)Boys (2004)Girls (2005)Boys (2005)Girls (2006)Boys (2006)Girls (2007)Boys (2007)

47 | P a g e

48 | P a g e

ANAMBRA STATE PROGRESS REPORT

Goal 2: Achieve Universal Education

2.1. Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (a/o):- From the data

generated from Berue of statistics shows and increase from

35.10 percent in 2005 and 2006 to 96.8 percent in 2007. it

entails that based on this indicator, Anambra State is on

course in achieving universal education by 12015.

2.2. Grade six completion rate:- The completion rate increased from

28.8 percent in 2006 to 51.8% in 2007 suggesting that progress

is also being made towards the achievement of universal

primary education in Anambra State.

2.3. Literate rate of 15-24 years old:- the data generated from

National Bureau of statistics shows a decline from 79.09 in

2003 to 78.38 in 2004, and 78.60 in 2005 to 78.38 in 2006 but

increased from 78.3 in 2006 to 86.6 percent in 2007.

This shows that there is a hope of achieving a 100% rate by

2015 in Anambra State.

Goal 3: Promotion of Gender Equality and Women Empowerment:-

3.1. Ratio of girls to boys in primary education the date

generated for this analysis shows a ratio of 0.98:1.02 in

2006 and 1:1 in 2007 which implies that for this indicator,

Anambra State had achieved the goal of promotion of Gender

equality in 2007.

3.2. Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education:-

49 | P a g e

For 2005 the ratio stood at 1.04-0.96, in 2006 the ratio stood

at 0.93-1.08 and genially in 2007, 0.98-103 which show that

the girl to boys is at on increase.

3.3. Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria University:- For 2005 the

ratio stood at 1.22-0.82, In 2006, 1.09-0.92 and in 2009, 1.09

– 0.92. The analysis shows that there are more girls than boys

into the Nigeria University.

3.4. Proportion of seats held by Women in National parliament:-

In 1999 the ratio of women in national parliament was 7.14%

and it increased to 14.29% in 2003 and again increased to

21.43% in 2007. The continuous increase cannot get a balance

of 50 by 2015.

EBONYI STATE PROCESS REPORT.

Goal 2: Universal Educaiton Achievement.

2.1 Net enrolment ratio in primary Education%:- From the data

generated from the ministry of Education and national buerreu

of statistics shows that there is fluctuation in their

education achievement which stipulates that they have less

programme to embark on.

2.2. Proportion of pupils stontary grade one who reached grade five

%:- The data shows that in 2006, the ratio stood at 68.2 and

in 2007, it increased to 98.5. This shows that the pupil who

started from grade one and reached to grade five are on the

increasing sode.

50 | P a g e

2.3. Grade six complexion rate:- In 2006, the ratio was 23.5 and In

2007, it increased to 33.6. The above data shows that there is

an increase in the grade six complexion rate in the state.

In 2003, the ratio was 64.37 to 66.28 in 2004, 67.30 in 2005

and in 2006, 85.9. The date generated from the Ministry of

Education and national buareu of statistic shows that there is

an increase in the literate rate of 15–244 years old.

Goal 3:- Promotion of Gender Equality and Empower:-

3.1. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary Education %:- The data

generated shows that a ratio of 1.02-0.98 in 2005, 1.03 – 0.97

in 2005 and 0.95-1.06 in 2007. this shows that from this

analysis, Ebonyi State had achieve an increase in the

promotion of girls to boys Primary Education.

3.2. Ratio of girls to boys in Secondary Education:- In 2005, the

ratio shows 1.02 –0.99, In 2006, 1.03-0.97, in 2007, 0.95-

1.06. The data here shows that the girls are higher than boys

in the Secondary Education in Ebonyi State.

3.3. Ratio of girls to boys into Nigeria Universities:- The data

generated from national bureau statistics shows that there is

an increase. The ratio shows that in 2005, 0.57-1.75, In 2006,

0.59-1.68 and in 2007, 0:57-1.76. this means that the girls

admitted into the Nigerian University is higher then the boys.

3.4. Proportion of seats held by women in national Parliament:- The

data generated from national bureau statistics shows that the

ratio is constant. Since the ratio from 1999-2007 remains

11.11.

51 | P a g e

MDG INDICATORS AND PERFORMANCE: EBONYI STATE.

S/N GOAL AND INDICATOR 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

2. ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (%)

84.20 85.48 84.31 83.35 80.24 75.00 57.7 90.9

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one who reached Grade five (%) completion rate

68.2 98.5

Grade six Completion rate 23.5 33.6

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old 58.6 62.46 63.41 64.37 66.28 67.30 85.9

3. PROMOTION GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER

Ratio of girls to boys in prim. Education(girls per 100 boys)

1.01:0.99

1.02:0.98

1.02:0.99

1.02:0.98

1.03:0.97

0.95:1.06

Ratio of girls to boys in Sec. Education (girls per 100 boys

0.98:1.02

1.29:0.77

1.01:0.99

1.07:0.93

1.05:0.95

0.95:1.05

Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria Universities (girls per 100 boys

0.55:1.83

0.57:1.76

0.57:1.75

0.59:1.68

0.57:1.76

Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector

52 | P a g e

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament (%)

11.11 11.11 11.11 11.11 11.11 11.11 11.11 11.11 11.11

53 | P a g e

Net enrolment ratio in primary

Education (%)

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one

who reached Grade five

(%) completion

rate

Grade six Completion

rateLiterate

rate of 15 – 24 years

old

0

20

40

60

80

100

EBONYI STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

199920002001200220032004200520062007

54 | P a g e

0

5

10

15

20

25

EBONYI STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

Girls (1999)Boys (1999)Girls (2000)Boys (2000)Girls (2001)Boys (2001)Girls (2002)Boys (2002)Girls (2003)Boys (2003)Girls (2004)Boys (2004)Girls (2005)Boys (2005)Girls (2006)Boys (2006)Girls (2007)Boys (2007)

55 | P a g e

IMO STATE

Imo State is one of the 36 states of Nigeria and lies to the

south of Nigeria with Owerri as its capital and largest city.

Imo State came into existence in 1976 along with other new

states created under the leadership of the late military ruler

of Nigeria, Murtala Muhammad, having been previously part of

East-Central State. The state is named after the Imo River.[3]

Part of it was split off in 1991 as Abia State, and another

part became Ebonyi State. The main cities in Imo State are

Owerri, Orlu and Okigwe. The Orashi River has its source in

this state. The local language is Igbo and Christianity is the

predominant religion. Imo state was created at Ngwoma.

Imo State lies within latitudes 4°45'N and 7°15'N, and

longitude 6°50'E and 7°25'E with an area of around

5,100 sq km.[4] It is bordered by Abia State on the East, by

the River Niger and Delta State on the west, by Anambra State

to the north and Rivers State to the south. Besides Owerri,

Imo State's major towns are Isu, Okigwe, Oguta, Orlu, Mbaise,

Mbano, Mbieri, Orodo and Orsu.

The state is rich in natural resources including crude oil,

natural gas, lead, zinc.[5] Economically exploitable flora like

the iroko, mahogany, obeche, bamboo, rubber tree and oil palm

predominate. However with a high population density and over

farming the soil has been degraded and much of the native

vegetation has disappeared.[4]

56 | P a g e

This deforestation has triggered soil erosion which is

compounded by heavy seasonal rainfall that has led to the

destruction of houses and roads

Location

Imo State derives its name from Imo River, which takes its

course from the Okigwe/Awka upland. It lies within latitudes

4°45'N and 7°15'N, and longitude 6°50'E and 7°25'E. It

occupies the area between the lower River Niger and the upper

and middle Imo River. The state is bounded on the east by Abia

State, on the west by the River Niger and Delta State; and on

the north by Anambra State, while Rivers State lies to the

south. Imo State covers an area of about 5,100sq km.

Religion

There is freedom of worship in Imo State and religion occupies

a central place in the lives of the people. The people are

predominantly Christians of different denominations. Some

people in the state still practice traditional religions.

Relief and Drainage

Imo State is underlain by the Benin Formation of coastal plain

sands. This formation, which is of late Tertiary age, is

rather deep, porous, infertile and highly leached. In some

areas like Okigwe, impermeable layers of clay occur near the

surface, while in other areas, the soil consists of lateritic

material under a superficial layer of fine grained sand.

Rivers are few with vast inter fluves which are characterized

by dry valleys that carry surface drainage in periods of high

rainfall. The phenomenal monotony of the terrain may be

accounted for by the absence of any tectonic disturbances and

57 | P a g e

by the homogeneity of the rock structure.

The main streams draining the state are Imo, Otamiri, Njaba

and Ulasi rivers, all of which have very few tributaries. With

the exception of Imo River, which runs through the area

underlain by the Imo Shales? Other rivers rise within the

coastal plain sands. Generally, river valleys constitute the

major physical features, which are often marshy.

Rainfall

The undulating nature of the interfluves gives rise to

numerous depressions especially in the northeast Rainfall

distribution is bimodal, with peaks in July and September and

a two week break in August. The rainy season begins in March

and lasts till October or early November. From March to May,

there are violent storms which destroy crops and houses.

Rainfall is often at its maximum at night and during the early

morning hours. However, variations occur in rainfall amount

from year to year. Annual rainfall varies from 1,990 mm to

2,200. 

Temperatures

Temperatures are similar all over the state. The hottest

months are January to March, with the mean annual temperature

above 20°C. The influence of the harmattan lasts for about

nine weeks (i.e. from late December to late February).Imo

State has an average annual relative humidity of 75 per cent

which is highest during the rainy season, when it rises to

about 90 per cent. The high temperature and humidity

experienced in the state favour luxuriant plant growth, which

produce the Imo State's rich and beautiful vegetation of the

58 | P a g e

tropical rain forest.

Vegetation

Economic trees like the iroko, mahogany, obeche, gmelina,

bamboo, rubber and oil palm pre dominate. But due to high

population density, most of the state has been so farmed and

degraded that the original vegetation has disappeared. Thus

farmers are forced into marginal lands, a situation aggravated

by the rising demand for fuel-wood. Deforestation has

triggered

59 | P a g e

off acute soil erosion especially in the Okigwe Orlu axis.

Population & Land Use

Imo State has a population of about 4.8 million persons. The

population density varies from 230 persons per sq. km. in

Oguta/Egbema area, to about 1,400 persons per sq. km. in

Mbaise, Orlu, Mbano and Mbaitoli areas. This high population

density has led to intensified pressure on land, forests and

other natural resources, leading to increasing rural poverty

which is characteristic of densely populated rural

areas.Fallow period rarely exceeds one year and in some areas

continuous cropping is the rule. Low crop yield and loss of

land to erosion have combined to induce people to migrate in

search of jobs and even farmland in other parts of the

country.

Rural Settlement Patterns

The population of Imo State is predominantly rural. Some of

the most densely settled areas of Nigeria are found in Imo

State, where a direct relationship exists between population

density and the degree of dispersal of rural settlement.

60 | P a g e

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MDG INDICATORS AND PERFORMANCE: IMO STATE.

S/N GOAL AND INDICATOR 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

2. ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (%)

90.00 89.90 88.83 86.75 86.70 86.16 83.50 84.4 96.8

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one who reached Grade five (%) completion rate

77.7 96.4

Grade six Completion rate 22.2 64.6

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old 74.82 67.60 75.58 77.59 79.60 83.61 35.00 92.7

3. PROMOTION GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER

Ratio of girls to boys in prim. Education(girls per 100 boys)

0.97:1.03

0.95:1.05

0.95:1.05

0.95:1.05

0.99:1.01

0.88:1.14

1.02:0.98

Ratio of girls to boys in Sec. Education (girls per 100 boys

1.23:0.81

1.17:0.85

1.01:0.98

1.15:0.87

1.21:0.83

1.17:0.85

1.07:0.93

1.10:0.91

Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria Universities (girls per 100 boys

1.02:0.98

1.04:0.96

1.08:0.92

1.05:0.94

1.08:0.92

Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector

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Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament (%)

0 0 0 0 8.33 8.33 8.33 8.33 15.38

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Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (%)

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old

0102030405060708090

100

IMO STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

199920002001200220032004200520062007

64 | P a g e

Ratio of girls to boys in prim.

Education (girls per 100 ...

Ratio of girls to boys in Sec.

Education (girls per 100 ...

Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria

Universities (girls...

Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricu...

Proportion of seats held by

women in national parliament...

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18IMOSTATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN

EMPOWERMENT

Girls (1999)Boys (1999)Girls (2000)Boys (2000)Girls (2001)Boys (2001)Girls (2002)Boys (2002)Girls (2003)Boys (2003)Girls (2004)Boys (2004)Girls (2005)Boys (2005)Girls (2006)Boys (2006)Girls (2007)Boys (2007)

65 | P a g e

IMO STATE PROGRESS REPORT

Goal 2: achieve universal education.

2.1 net enrolment ration in primary education %:- From the data

generated from the ministry of education and National bureau

and statistics show on increase from 84.4% in 2006 and 96.8%

in 2007. This entails that based on this indicator, Imo State

is on course in achieving Universal Education by 2015.

2.2. Proportion of pupil starting grade one who reached ground five

(%) completion rate:-The completion rate goes 77.7 in 1999

while in 2007, it increased to 96.4. This shows an increase

which implies that Imo State can achieve the goal in 2015.

2.3 Grade six completion rate:- The data only shows that ratio of

roo6 and 2007 with ratio of 22.2 and 64.6 respectively, it

shows an increase which implies that the progress is being

made towards the achievement of Universal Primary Education in

Imo State.

2.4. Literate rate of 15-24 years old:- The date generated from

Nation bureau of statistic shows the ratio of 35.00 in 2005

and 92.7 in 2006. This shows that the increase was more than

100% within year which implies that Imo State had achieved the

Universal Education in 2007.

Goal 3:- Promotion of Gender Equality and Women empowerment:-

3.1. Ratio of girls to boys primary education:- The data from the

analysis indicates the ratio of 0.99-1.01 in 2005, 0.88-1.14

in 2006 and 1.02-0.98 in2007 which implies that Imo State had

achieved that goal of promotion of gender equality in 2007.

3.2. Ratio of girls in secondary education:- In 2005 the ratio was

1.17-0.85, 2006, 1.07-0.93 and in 2007, 1.10-091. This shows

66 | P a g e

that the ratio of girls and boys in secondary education

fluctuate which means it is not gender constant. This implies

that the goal of promotion of gender equality had not be

achieved.

3.3. Ratio of girls to boys in Nigeria University:- The Ratio shows

1.08 –0.92 in 2005, 1,05-0.94 in 2006 and 1.08-0.92 in 2007.

This shows that the data is unstable which implies that Imo

have not achieved the promotion of gender Equality.

3.4. Proportion of seats held by women in National Parliament:- The

data shows that in 2006 it was 8.33 and 15.38 in 2007. This

shows an increase in the women representing Imo State at the

national parliament are on an increase which implies that Imo

State will achieve the promotion on women empowerment goal by

2015.

ENUGU STATE

Enugu State is a mainland state in southeastern Nigeria. Its

capital is Enugu, from which the state - created in 1991 from

the old Anambra State - derives its name. The principal cities

in the state are Enugu, Udi, Oji and Nsukka.

Enugu State is one of the states in the eastern part of

Nigeria. The state shares borders with Abia State and Imo

State to the south, Ebonyi State to the east, Benue State to

the northeast, Kogi State to the northwest and Anambra State

to the west.

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Enugu, the capital city of Enugu State, is approximately 2½

driving hours away from Port Harcourt, where coal shipments

exited Nigeria. Enugu is also located within an hour's drive

from Onitsha, one of the biggest commercial cities in Africa

and 2 hours drive from Aba, another very large commercial city

, both of which are trading centers in Nigeria. The average

temperature in this city is cooler to mild (60 degrees

Fahrenheit) in its cooler months and gets warmer to hot in its

warmer months (upper 80 degrees Fahrenheit) and very good for

outdoor activities with family and friends or just for

personal leisure.

Enugu has good soil-land and climatic conditions all year

round, sitting at about 223 metres (732 ft) above sea level,

and the soil is well drained during its rainy seasons. The

mean temperature in Enugu State in the hottest month of

February is about 87.16 °F (30.64 °C), while the lowest

temperatures occur in the month of November, reaching 60.54 °F

(15.86 °C). The lowest rainfall of about 0.16 cubic

centimetres (0.0098 cu in) is normal in February, while the

highest is about 35.7 cubic centimetres (2.18 cu in) in July.

The name of State derives from its capital city, Enugu. The

word "Enugu" (from Enu Ugwu) means "the top of the hill". The

first European settlers arrived in the area in 1909, led by a

British mining engineer, Albert Kitson. In his quest for

silver, he discovered coal in the Udi Ridge. Colonial Governor

of Nigeria Frederick Lugard took keen interest in the

discovery, and by 1914 the first shipment of coal was made to

68 | P a g e

Britain. As mining activities increased in the area, a

permanent cosmopolitan settlement emerged, supported by a

railway system. Enugu acquired township status in 1917 and

became strategic to British interests. Foreign businesses

began to move into Enugu, the most notable of which were John

Holt, Kingsway Stores, British Bank of West Africa and United

Africa Company.

From Enugu the British administration was able to spread its

influence over the Southern Province of Nigeria. The colonial

past of Enugu is today evidenced by the Georgian building

types and meandering narrow roads within the residential area

originally reserved for the whites, an area which is today

called the Government Reserved Area (GRA).

From being the capital of the Southern Provinces, Enugu became

the capital of the Eastern Region (now divided into nine

States), the capital of now defunct Federal Republic of

Biafra, thereafter, the capital of East Central State, Anambra

State, (old) Enugu State, and now the capital of the present

Enugu State through a process of state creation and diffusion

of administrative authority.

The State Government and the Local Government are the two

levels of government in Enugu State and in all other states of

Nigeria. Sullivan Chime is the current executive governor for

the whole of Enugu State. He was elected by the people of

Enugu State in April 2007[4] and was sworn into office on May

29, 2007.[5] The governor is above a group of commissioners who

he has placed as heads of ministries that oversee various

69 | P a g e

portfolios such as Health and Housing; both the governor and

the commissioners form the Executive Council of Enugu State.

Government House, Enugu is where the government of the state

is based.

Economically, the state is predominantly rural and agrarian,

with a substantial proportion of its working population

engaged in farming, although trading (18.8%) and services

(12.9%) are also important. In the urban areas trading is the

dominant occupation, followed by services. A small proportion

of the population is also engaged in manufacturing activities,

with the most pronounced among them located in Enugu, Oji,

Ohebedim and Nsukka.

Every community in Enugu State has at least one

Primary/Elementary school and one Secondary school, funded and

run by State Government. There are also large numbers of

private nursery, primary and secondary schools in Enugu State.

Nigeria's First Indigenous University, University of Nigeria,

Nsukka (UNN), is located in Enugu State. The state also hosts

the Enugu State University of Science & Technology (ESUT),

Institute of Management and Technology (IMT), Enugu State

College of Education Technical, Enugu, Caritas University,

Amorji-Nike, Renaissance University, Ugbawka; Federal

Government College Enugu, Federal School of Dental Technology

& Therapy College of Immaculate Conception, Enugu; Queen’s

School Enugu a Preeminent high school for girls in the Eastern

region; Special Science Boys' Secondary School Agbani, Nkanu

West l.g.a; [St. Patrick's Secondary School], Emene;Bigard

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Memorial Seminary, Enugu; Awgu County College, Nenwe; Corpus

Christi College, Achi; Our Saviour Institute of Science and

Technology, Enugu; and the Federal College of Education, Eha-

Amufu Seat of Wisdom Secondary School Trans Ekulu Enugu. There

are also a host of private computer schools and training

centres concentrated in Enugu and Nsukka.

Enugu State has a population of over 3.3 million people and

counting. It is home to the Igbo of south-eastern Nigeria.

1.0 Awareness and Knowledge of MDGs:

Survey results showed that over 85% of the citizens in EnuguState are aware of the Millennium Development Goals( MDGs).According to the respondents, about 75% of them sourced theirinformation on MDGs from the radio, television,newspapers/magazines as well as conferences ,seminars ,workshopsand meetings. However, 17% of those interviewed got theirinformation from either fellow staff, relations, friends orindividuals that are associated with them in one way or the other.Only 7.4%of them sourced their information from flyers thatcontained information on MDGs. This scenario notwithstanding,majority of the people do not have good understanding of thebackground, objectives and modus operandi of the MDGs.

2.0 MDGs Programmes/Projects and Activities:

In Enugu State, there is evidence of state and somesectoral policies and/or policy frameworks developed over theyears which embody the key elements of the Millennium DevelopmentGoals( MDGs). These include such documents as the Enugu StateEconomic Empowerment and Development Strategy( SEEDS), MediumTerm Sectoral Strategy( MTSS), Medium Term DevelopmentPlan( MTDP) and the 4-Point Agenda of the present governmentadministration .There is evidence of such sectoral policies andstrategies as the Health Strategy Plan and the Education, Waterand Agricultural Development Policies respectively.

71 | P a g e

Most of the MDGs programmes,projects and activitiesimplemented in Enugu State are anchored on the above policyframeworks. Based on the results of the survey, a variety of MDGsprojects have been executed as well as on-going at differentlevels in the state. About 50% of the respondents opined thatsuch projects as the Conditional Grant Scheme( CGS), MaternalCare Health( MCH) and Midwifery Service Scheme(MSS) were beingimplemented in the state. Furthermore, 22.2% of those interviewednoted that the Keke NAPEP and Micro-credit Scheme andAgricultural Loan Revolving Scheme were some of the MDGs projectsimplemented in Enugu state while 27.8% of them identifiedfederally MDGs executed projects. It is possible that suchprojects as the Constituency Quickwins and Conditional Cashtransfer projects, among others are being executed in the statewhich the respondents were not aware of at the time of thissurvey.This could be attributed to the low participation orinvolvement of most of the MDAs and other stakeholders in theplanning and implementation of the MDGs in the state. Majority ofthe respondents perceived the participation of the citizens inthe MDGs programmes,projects and activities as poor.

In terms of strategies for the implementation of MDGs in thestate, majority of the respondents were agreed thatadvocacy,community mobilisation,contracting as well asprocurement and distribution were important strategies employedin delivering MDGs in the state. Monitoring andevaluation,tracking and management and field visits appear to bevery weak or lacking.

3.0 Initiatives and Interventions for Achieving MDGs Targets:

With respect to Goal 5 on improving maternal healthcare, thefollowing initiatives are being implemented in Enugu State:

Free maternal healthcare programme aimed at reducingmaternal and under-five morbidity and mortality rate.

Rennovation of health facilities.

Procurement of ACTS drugs and anti-malarial drugs.

For Goal 6 that focuses on the prevention of mother- to- childtransmission(PMTCT), the following programmes run in the state:

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IPT- Intermittent preventive Treatment of Malaria inPregnancy.

HCT- HIV counselling and testing.

TBL- Tuberculosis and Leprosy programmes.

With respect to the initiatives and interventions that address Goal1 on eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, the listed programmesbelow are being implemented in Enugu State:

Fadama 111 that encourages small and medium scale irrigatedfarming all the year round in fadama land and flood plains inthe state.

Commercial Agricultural Development Project(CADP) with theprimary goal of enhancing agricultural production, foodprocessing and marketing for increased farm income and povertyreduction through the commercialisation of agriculture.

Agricultural mechanisation projects including tractor hiringservices.

Erosion control and climate change programme.

73 | P a g e

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MDG INDICATORS AND PERFORMANCE: ENUGU STATE.

S/N

GOAL AND INDICATOR 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

2. ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (%)

74.90 77.85 79.81 77.40 78.88 79.85 79.90 79.9 97.0

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one whoreached Grade five (%) completion rate

59.6 62.7 95.7

Grade six Completion rate 40.4 19.9 44.7

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old 61.33 70.9 72.09 72.38 72.68 73.27 74.20 96.2

3. PROMOTION GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER

Ratio of girls to boys in prim. Education (girls per 100 boys)

0.95:1.05

1.02:0.99

0.98:1.02

0.98:1.02

0.98:1.02

1.01:0.99

Ratio of girls to boys in Sec. Education (girls per 100 boys

1.24:0.80

1.22:0.82

1.22:0.82

1.18:0.85

1.16:0.86

1.98:2.02

1.02:0.98

Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria Universities (girls per 100 boys

0.82:1.22

0.92:1.09

1.02:0.98

0.87:1.15

0,84:1.19

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Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament (%)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.09

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Net enrolment ratio in primary Education (%)0

102030405060708090

100

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

ENUGU STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATION

199920002001200220032004200520062007

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0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 ENUGU STATE JOURNEY TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDG GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT Girls (1999)

Boys (1999)Girls (2000)Boys (2000)Girls (2001)Boys (2001)Girls (2002)Boys (2002)Girls (2003)Boys (2003)Girls (2004)Boys (2004)Girls (2005)Boys (2005)Girls (2006)Boys (2006)Girls (2007)Boys (2007)

78 | P a g e

79 | P a g e

Goal 2:- Achieve Universal Education.

2.1. Net Enrolment Ratio in Primary Education%:- From the data

generated from the ministry of education and national bureau

of statistics shows that the ratio in 2005 was 79.90, 2006,

79.9 and in 2007, 97.0. This shows that there is an increase

in the emolument ratio in primary education in Enugu State and

the achievement of universal education by 2015.

2.2. Proportion of pupils starting grade one who reached grade five

(%) completion ratio:- The rate increased from 62.7 in 2006 to

95.7 in 2007. This shows that the pupil completion grade five

are on an increase.

2.3. Grade six completion rate:- Here, the data shows that there is

a speedy increase from 19.9 in 2006 to 44.7 in 2007. The grade

six completion rate are on increase.

2.4. Literate rate of 15-24 years old:- The ratio shows 74.20 in

2005 and in 2006, 96.2. The data shows that there is a hope of

achieving 100% increase by the 2015 in Enugu State.

Goal 3:- Promotion of gender equality and women empowerment.

3.1. Ratio of girls to boys in primary education:- The data

generated for this analysis shows a ratio of 0.98-1.05 in 2006

and 1.1 in 2007 which implies that for this indicator Enugu

State had achieved the goal of promotion of gender equality in

2007.

3.2. Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education:- The ratio

states 1.98-2.02 in 2006 and 1.02 – 0.98 in 2007. This

indicator shows there is decline in the ratio of girls to boys

in secondary education which implies that Enugu State had not

achieve the goal of promotion of gender equality in 2007.

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3.3. Ratio of girls to boys into Nigeria University %:- The ratio

in 2005 shows 1.02-0.98, 2006, 0.87-1.15 and in 2007, 0.84-

1.19. The data stipulates decline in the boys to girls into

the Nigeria University which implies that Enugu State is

unable to achieve the goal of promotion of gender equality in

2007.

3.4. Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament:- In

Enugu State, from 1999 to 2006 there was no women in national

parliament but in 2007 the ratio came up to 9.09. This implies

that based on this indicator, Enugu State might not be able to

meet up to the goal by 2015.

NET ENROLMENT IN PRIMARY EDUCATION ACROSS SOUTH EASTSTATES

STATE 2004 2005 2006 2007ABIA 76.29 70.80 82.6 98.7ANAMBRA 88.13 85.10 85.10 96.8EBONYI 80.24 75.00 57.7 90.9ENUGU 79.85 79.90 79.9 97.0IMO 86.16 83.50 84.4 96.8

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ABIA ANAMBRA EBONYI ENUGU IMO

0102030405060708090

100

NET ENROLMENT IN PRIMARY EDUCATION ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

2004200520062007

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one who reached Gradefive

(%) completion rate ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

STATE 2006 2007ABIA 71.0 95.70ANAMBRA 97.7EBONYI 68.2 98.5ENUGU 62.7 95.7

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IMO 96.4

ABIA ANAMBRA EBONYI ENUGU IMO

0102030405060708090

100

Proportion of pupils Starting Grade one who reached Grade five

(%) completion rate ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

20062007

Grade six Completion rate ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

STATE 2006 2007ABIA 20.0 59.7ANAMBRA 28.8 51.8

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EBONYI 23.5 33.6ENUGU 19.9 44.7IMO 22.2 64.6

ABIAANAMBRA

EBONYI ENUGU

IMO

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Grade six Completion rate ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

20062007

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

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STATE 2004 2005 2006ABIA 82.33 82.50 82.33ANAMBRA 78.38 78.60 94.0EBONYI 66.28 67.30 85.9ENUGU 73.27 74.20 96.2IMO 83.61 35.00 92.7

ABIA ANAMBRA EBONYI ENUGU IMO

0102030405060708090

100

Literate rate of 15 – 24 years old ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

200420052006

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Ratio of girls to boys in prim. Education (girls per 100 boys)ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

STATE 2004 2005 2006 2007Girls Boy Girls Boy Girls Boy Girls Boy

ABIA 0.97 1.03 0.95 1.05 1.00 0.99 1.01 1.0ANAMBRA 1.03 0.82 1.03 0.97 0.98 1.02 1.00 1.0

0EBONYI 1.02 0.99 1.02 0.98 1.03 0.97 0.95 1.0

6ENUGU 0.98 1.02 0.98 1.02 0.98 1.02 1.01 .99IMO 0.95 1.05 0.99 1.01 0.88 1.14 1.02 0.9

8

ABIA ANAMBRA EBONYI ENUGU IMO0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

Ratio of girls to boys in prim. Education (girls per 100 boys) ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATE

Girls (2004)Boys (2004)Girls (2005)Boys (2005)Girls (2006)Boys (2006)Girls (2007)Boys (2007)

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Ratio of girls to boys in Sec. Education (girls per 100 boys) ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

STATE 2004 2005 2006 2007Girls

Boy Girls

Boy Girls

Boy Girls Boy

ABIA 1.28 0.78 1.26 0.20 1.02 00ANAMBRA 1.29 0.78 1.04 0.96 0.93 1.08 0.98 1.03

EBONYI 1.07 0.93 1.05 0.95 0.95 1.05

ENUGU 1.18 0.85 1.16 0.86 1.98 2.02 1.02 0.98IMO 1.21 0.83 1.17 0.85 1.07 0.93 1.10 0.91

ABIA ANAMBRA EBONYI ENUGU IMO0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Ratio of girls to boys in Sec. Education (girls per 100 boys) ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

Girls (2004)Boy (2004)Girls (2005)Boy (2005)Girls (2006)Boy (2006)Girls (2007)Boy (2007)

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Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria Universities (girls per100 boys)

ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

STATE 2004 2005 2006 2007Girls Boy Girls Boy Girls Boy Girls Boy

ABIA 0.99 1.01 1.03 0.92 0.83 1.20 0.84 1.ANAMBRA 1.16 0.86 1.22 0.82 1.09 0.92 1.09 0.92

EBONYI 0.57 1.76 0.57 1.75 0.59 1.68 0.57 1.76

ENUGU 0.92 1.09 1.02 0.98 0.87 1.15 0,84 1.19IMO 1.04 0.96 1.08 0.92 1.05 0.94 1.08 0.92

ABIA ANAMBRA EBONYI ENUGU IMO0

0.20.40.60.81

1.21.41.61.82

Ratio of girls to boys in to Nigeria Universities (girls per 100 boys)

ACROSS SOUTH EAST STATES

Girls (2004)Boy (2004)Girls (2005)Boy (2005)Girls (2006)Boy (2006)Girls (2007)Boy (2007)

88 | P a g e

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament (%)

STATE 2004 2005 2006 2007ABIA 9.09 9.09 9.09 18.18ANAMBRA 14.29 14.29 14.29 21.43EBONYI 11.11 11.11 11.11 11.11ENUGU 0 0 0 9.09IMO 8.33 8.33 8.33 15.38

89 | P a g e

ABIA ANAMBRA EBONYI ENUGU IMO

0

5

10

15

20

25

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament (%)

2004200520062007

90 | P a g e