A Review of the Labor Market, Manpower Characteristics and ...
THE MANPOWER STATUS OF BURI WEAVERS IN SAN JUAN, ILOCOS SUR
Transcript of THE MANPOWER STATUS OF BURI WEAVERS IN SAN JUAN, ILOCOS SUR
THE MANPOWER STATUS OF BURI WEAVERS IN SAN JUAN, ILOCOS SUR
A Research Paper
Presented toThe Faculty of the College of Business Administration and
AccountancyUniversity of Northern Philippines
Vigan City
In Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
Carol Jane A. GuillermoMariane Mae S. MatuteJhanine P. ObreroMary Rose B. ViteMichelle V. Vite
BSBA 2-G
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March 2015DEDICATION
To our friends, who were our constant companions
when we were away from home,
who never left us through thick and thin,
this work to you we proudly dedicate.
To our loving parents, who have been our source of inspiration
for their unending love and support,
we proclaim our sincerest gratitude
and also, this work we dedicate to you.
And for the Creator Who made everything possible
Divine guidance and wisdom to us He gave
what we exactly needed for the accomplishment of this project,
This paper, to you God, we humbly dedicate.
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Carol MarianeJhanine
Mary RoseMichelle
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
I. THE PROBLEM
Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. 5
Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………. 6
Scope of the Study……………………………………………………………... 7
Significance of the Study………………………………………………………. 7
Importance of the Study………………………………………………………... 7
Operational Definitions of Terms……………………………………………… 8
Assumptions……………………………………………………………………. 8
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework………………………………………………………… 9
History of Buri…………………………………………………………………. 10
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III. METHODOLOGY
Population of the Study………………………………………………………… 12
Research Instrument……………………………………………………………. 12
IV. PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION, AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
Profile of the Respondents……………………………………………………… 13
Manpower Status of the Weavers………………………………………………. 14
V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary……………………………………………………………………….. 17
Findings………………………………………………………………………… 17
Conclusions…………………………………………………………………….. 18
Recommendations……………………………………………………………. 18
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………….. 19
APPENDICES
A. Research Instrument…………………………………………………… 20
B. Documentation…………………………………………………………. 22
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Chapter I
THE PROBLEM
Introduction
Business plays a vital role in people’s lives and country’s
economy. It concerns about producing or selling goods and
providing services using available resources, whereby the wants
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and needs of the public is being sustained and usually put up for
the hope of earning money or profit. Business is important for it
provides the goods and services needed by the people, creates job
opportunities for employment, and helps the government raises its
revenues. For the business to run successfully one important
factor is manpower.
According to Berger, manpower refers to the total supply of
people available or currently working on a specific job or task.
Having adequate manpower is an important component in the success
of such business.
The kinds of business that need manpower are commerce,
industry, and even some business services. Manpower plays a
pivotal role in any business venture. However, there are some
instances wherein the importance of manpower in such business is
not achieved. According to Joseph, the factors that affect the
manpower are: (1) organizational structure; (2) location; (3)
expansion; (4) outsourcing; (5) business conditions; (6) employee
retention. Manpower shortages can result in production
shortfalls.
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The municipality of San Juan is home to industries and
creative people. The availability of abundant resources
particularly “buri” enabled the people to produce woven items for
their personal use from the pulp of the tree. Buri palm is a
genus of six species of palms native to India, Malaysia, New
Guneia, Indonesia and the Philippines. They are fan palms with
leaves with a long petiole terminating in a rounded fan of
numerous leaflets. Buri is abundant in San Juan and “buri”
weaving is traditional industry in the town. It is a source of
livelihood for most of residents especially women and out of
school youth. The people of San Juan were using “buri” for making
coin purses, pen holders, window blinds, attaché cases, table
accessories, desk organizers, placemats, folders, hats, boxes,
and other novelty items. It can be easily dyed and woven into
many shapes. Due to the up growing demand of “buri” products,
lack of weavers had become the problem.
With the observation made, the student researchers wished to
pursue a study that would help the manpower status of “buri”
weavers in San Juan, Ilocos Sur. They believe that manpower is an
important factor in such business. Therefore, this research would7
give them adequate information that would help them in
formulating solutions for the betterment more so expansion of
their business.
In order to help them, the student researchers formulated a
survey form. This survey form served as a tool in gathering
essential information. Thus, it was used in the study and was
verified and validated. As a matter of fact, they also emphasized
the importance of manpower in business. To support this idea,
according to Thibodeaux, manpower is important in terms of
productivity, safety, options and innovations, costumer relations
and finance, and accountability.
Statement of the Problem
The researchers would like to find out the manpower status
of “buri” weavers in San Juan, Ilocos Sur.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following:
1. What is the profile of “buri” weavers in terms of the
following:
1.1 Personal Profile
1.1.1 Age
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1.1.2 Status
1.1.3 Educational Attainment
2. Manpower status of weavers
Scope of the Study
The scope of this study focuses on determining the manpower
status of “buri” weavers in San Juan, Ilocos Sur.
Significance of the Study
This research will undertake to provide contributors in
solving the problem which is the manpower status of “buri”
weavers in San Juan, Ilocos Sur.
Results and findings of this endeavor would also find
benefits to the following groups:
Weavers. The results of this study would benefit the weavers
to help them lessen their workload and to meet the orders without
rushing.
Businessmen. This study will provide a better service to
satisfy the customer’s wants and needs for “buri” products. It
can also help businessmen to earn more profit which they can used
to widen up or expand their “buri” business.
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Researchers. This study will enhance the research skills and
develop their capabilities in terms of venturing a business.
Importance of the Study
This study would be able to help the middlemen/sellers and
suppliers in sustaining the up growing demand of buri products
from San Juan, Ilocos Sur.
Operational Definitions of Terms
The following terms are defined as they were used in the
study:
Buri (scientific name Corypha Elata). This is a type of fan palm
and like all corypha species will only flower during the end of
its matured life. After producing thousands or up to a million
flowers, which will turn into seeds, it will die.
Manpower. This refers to a power available from or supplied
by the physical effort of human being.
Assumptions
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In the conduct of this study, the student researchers were
guided by the following assumptions:
1. The number of full-time and part-time weavers is measurable.
2. The subjects’ responses to the survey are true measure of
their status.
3. The instrument is valid and reliable.
Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework
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The following related literatures were viewed by the student
researchers to gain insights in the conceptualization and conduct
of the study.
Businesses help the economy grow through innovations of
various sorts. No market economy can thrive without business.
Business has been defined as an organization of the people with
varied skills, which uses the property or talents, to produce
goods and services, which can be sold to others for more than
their costs. Or it may be considered by those who seek to make a
profit. Business also includes any lawful activity carried on
continuously, which involves buying and selling, or
manufacturing, or the rendering of a service for money. Business,
like life, has limited resources and space. It also has
competition. Business practices can evolve, allowing practices
that benefit the business to survive and those that lose them
money to go away.
On Manpower
Manpower refers to the number of people working or available
for work or service. According to Thibodeaux, there are some
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importance of manpower: (1) the more people are available to
work, the faster projects can be completed or the more projects a
company can take on; (2) a good level of manpower thus helps
prevent problems such as burnout and injury; (3) when the level
of manpower in a company is adequate, the business has more
options in how it operates; (4) Good manpower allows companies to
keep the production and delivery promises they make and can
establish and maintain good client relationships; (5) If there is
a large amount of manpower in a company, employees are better
able to band together and lobby for fair treatment, thus,
manpower is an essential tool for keeping companies accountable.
Aside from this, there are also advantages and disadvantages of
manpower.
The advantages of enough manpower are: (1) increases
productivity; (2) ensure the survival and growth of the
organization; (3) improve the quality and quantity of work; (4)
increase the number of clients as the employees deliver quality
work on schedule; (5) increase the profit of the organization due
to quality services. In contrast, the disadvantages of
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insufficient manpower are: (1) low productivity; (2) inability to
meet the need of customers.
History of Buri
The Philippines is endowed with different abundant natural
resources. In such province like Ilocos Sur specifically in the
town of San Juan, there grows many kinds of crops. One of this is
the so-called “Century Plant” or “buri” because it only bears
fruit after 100 years. In terms of industrial and economic
importance, “buri” is one of the most important palm which is the
largest palm found in the Philippines. The “buri” leaf is the
most versatile material used in handicraft industry.
It was in 19th century when the people of San Juan came to
know about that “buri” or “silag” in their vernacular can be made
into useful items like mats and hats. These items are intended
only for their personal use and weaving is just their past time.
But as time passed by, they realized that this can be their
source of livelihood, and “buri” weaving can finance their daily
needs. Generations had passed, the development of “buri” crafts
came to existence, new items were produced and designs were
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improved. The production of “buri” crafts tend to increase and
other designs and items were formed like bags, fashion hats,
fans, place mats, wine bags, packaging of soaps, table
accessories, pen holders, coin purses, and other novelty items.
In 2003, with the technical assistance of Department of
Trade and Industry (DTI), the “buri” strips were dyed with
different colors. It was on 2004 when former President Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo pro launched “One Town One Product” (OTOP) which
made “buri” as the official product of San Juan registered under
OTOP. Through trade fairs and exhibitions, the finished products
are brought in Heritage Village in Vigan City, Manila, La Union,
Ilocos Norte, Boracay, and even reach abroad through indirect
exporting.
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Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
Population of the Study
The “buri” weavers in San Juan, Ilocos Sur were the subjects
of the study. There are twenty (20) weavers involved in the
study.
Research Instrument
The data-gathering instrument was survey questionnaire form
which focused on manpower status of “buri” weavers. The weavers
were asked about the number of years they were engaged in weaving
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and their age bracket. The same instrument was used to determine
the full-time and part-time weavers, the characteristics needed
in weaving, how they learnt weaving, activities in weaving they
are involved in, the trainings they attended, and if they want to
undergo trainings or workshops.
Chapter IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND PRESENTATION OF DATA
Profile of the Respondents
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Table 1 shows the profile of the weavers according to their
age, status, and educational attainment.
Table 1
Respondents Age Status EducationalAttainment
1 54 Married High School Undergrad.
2 55 Married Elementary Graduate
3 60 Widowed College Undergraduate
4 16 Single High School Student
5 44 Married High School Graduate
6 20 Single College Student7 49 Married College Graduate8 57 Single Elementary
Graduate9 54 Single Elementary
Graduate10 87 Married Elementary
Undergrad.11 50 Single College Graduate12 47 Married College Graduate13 51 Married College
Undergraduate14 60 Widowed Elementary
Graduate15 52 Single Elementary
Graduate16 62 Single Elementary
Graduate17 32 Single College Graduate18 50 Married Elementary
Graduate19 45 Married Elementary
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Graduate20 57 Widowed High School
Graduate
Table 1 shows the profile of the students according to their
age, status, and educational attainment. In terms of their
status, there are eight (8) Single, nine (9) Married, and three
(3) Widowed. In terms of their educational attainment, there are
eight (8) weavers who are elementary graduate, one (1) elementary
undergraduate, one (1) high school undergraduate, two (2) high
school graduate, one (1) high school student, two (2) college
undergraduate, four (4) college graduate, and one (1) college
student.
Manpower Status of Weavers
Table 2 shows the manpower status of the weavers according
to their working status, trainings attended, how they learnt
weaving, and the activities in weaving they are involved in.
Table 2
Respondents
Part-timeWeaver
Full-timeWeaver
Weaversattendedtraining
s
Weaversdon’t wantto undergotrainings
How didthey learntweaving?
What activitiesin weaving theyare involved
in?1 Family
Occupation & Own
Dyeing, Weaving, Trade Fairs, Designing
2 Family Occupation & Own
Dyeing, Weaving, Designing
3 Family Occupation & Own
Weaving
4 Family Occupation &
Weaving
5 Family Weaving
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Occupation & Own
6 Family Occupation& Own
Dyeing, Weaving, Middlemen, Trade Fairs, Designing
7 Own Weaving8 Family
Occupation & Own
Weaving
9 Own Dyeing, Weaving, Designing
10 Own Dyeing, Weaving11 Family
Occupation & Own
Dyeing, Weaving
12 Family Occupation & Own
Dyeing, Weaving, Lining, Middlemen,Trade Fairs, Designing
13 Family Occupation & Own
Dyeing, Weaving, Designing
14 Own Dyeing, Weaving, Designing
15 Family Occupation & Own
Dyeing, Weaving, Designing
16 Family Occupation & Own
Dyeing, Weaving, Designing
17 Family Occupation
Dyeing, Weaving, Middlemen, Trade Fairs, Designing
18 Own Dyeing, Weaving19 After
MarriageDyeing, Weaving, Designing
20 Family Occupation
Dyeing, Weaving, Trade Fairs, Designing
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Figure 1
Working Status of Weavers
Part-time WeaversFull-time Weavers
The graph shows the percentage of part-time and full-time
weavers. 45% of weavers are part-time and 55% of them are full-
time.
Figure 2
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Trainings Attended by Weavers
Weavers attended trainingsWeavers don't want to undergo trainings
The graph shows the percentage of weavers who attended trainings.
There are 30% of weavers who attended trainings and 70% of them don’t
want to undergo trainings.
Figure 3
0
5
10
15
20 How did they learn weaving?
OwnAfter MarriageTraining
The graph shows that:
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o 14 out of 20 of them learned weaving because it’s theirfamily occupation;
o 1 out of 20 of them learned weaving after weaving;o none of them learned weaving through training from LGU;o 16 out of 20 of them learned weaving o their own, using
their skills and experience.Figure 4
DyeingWeavingLining
MiddlemenMarketingDesigning
0 5 10 15 20 25
Activities In Weaving They Are Involved In Dyeing
WeavingLiningMiddlemenMarketingDesigning
The graph shows that 15 out of the 20 respondents are
involved in dyeing “buri” strips; all of them are involved in
weaving different styles of “buri” products; 1 out of 20
respondents are involved in lining; 3 out of 20 respondents are
in charge in selling and dealing with the customers; 5 out 20
respondents are joining trade fairs; and, 12 out of 20
respondents are involved in designing “buri” crafts.
Chapter V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
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This study focused on the manpower status of “buri” weavers
in San Juan, Ilocos Sur in order to sustain the growing demand of
“buri” products.
The Survey Questionnaire form was used in this study. An 8-
item questionnaire was used to determine the percentage of part-
time and full-time weaver, how they learned weaving, how long
they have been weaving, the characteristics needed in weaving,
those who had attended training and those who are willing to
undergo workshop.
Findings
The findings of this study are summarized as follows:
1. According to the respondents, the characteristics they must
possess are patience and being artistic. Weavers also need
to manage their time most especially to those part-time
weavers.
2. The respondents learned weaving through their experience by
watching their parents or relatives making “buri” crafts and
also because this is their family occupation.
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3. Fifty five percent (55%) of the weavers are full-time
because it is their primary source of income.
4. The top three activities in weaving they are involved in
are dyeing, weaving, and designing.
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the researchers conclude
that there is a need for additional weavers and proper manpower
planning to sustain the up growing demand of “buri” products in
San Juan, Ilocos Sur.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusion of the study, the following
recommendations are proposed:
1. The LGU should give benefits to the weavers.
2. The pioneer weavers should encourage youth to join
trainings/workshops in weaving.
3. The researchers recommend that “buri” weavers in different
barangays should develop more their skills since some of
them are only engaged in weaving.
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REFERENCES
A. BOOKS
Garcia, R. et. al., 1994. Business Organization and Management:R. M. Garcia Publishing House, pp. 6.
B. WEBLIOGRAPHY
Thibodeaux, W. (Demand Media) “The Importance of CompanyManpower”, Retrieved on February 28, 2015http://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-company-manpower-
23763.html
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Joseph, C. (Demand Media) “Factors Affecting Manpower”, Retrievedon March 1, 2015 from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/factors-affecting-manpower-3943.html
Amitabh Shukla (2009) Business: “The role of Manpower inBusiness”, Retrieved on February 28, 2015http://www.paggu.com/business/the-role-of-manpower-in-business/
APPENDIX ARESEARCH INSTRUMENT
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
I. GENERAL INFORMATION
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Name (Optional):
_____________________________________________________
Address:
_________________________________________________________
____
Age: ________
Education:
_________________________________________________________
__
Status: _________
II. WORK INFORMATION
1. Are you a part-time weaver?
__Yes __No
2. How have you learnt weaving?
__ Family Occupation
__After marriage
__Training
__Own
Others:________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________
3. How old are you when you started weaving?
___________________________________
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4. How long have you been working?
___________________________________
5. What do you think are the characteristics needed of a
weaver in this kind of work?
____________________________________
____________________________________
6. Which activities in weaving are you involved in?
___ Dyeing “buri” strips
___ Weaving
___ Lining
___ Middleman
___ Marketing/exhibition/trade fairs
___ Designing
7. Did you attend any training-workshop related to weaving? If yes, kindly specify.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ 8. If none, do you want to undergo trainings and
workshops?
__________________________________________________________________
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Mariane taking the interview to Mr. Esrom Asuncion,President, Weavers Association, about the current status
Mary Rose and Carol while taking the interview to theweaver in Brgy. Bannuar during the conduct of the