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1989 The Fundamentalist Journal

5-1989

The Fundamentalist Journal, Volume 8, Number 5 The Fundamentalist Journal, Volume 8, Number 5

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the party for a romantic interlude; b) he was drunk;c) he drove off the bridge at considerable speed; andd) his license had expired five months earlier.It discloses how Ted Sorenson, President John F.Kennedy's speechwriter, drafted Sen. Kennedy's ficti-tious explanation of the tagedy for a national TVaudience."People Magazine shares the enthusiasm:"An achievement of reportorial diligence, this booktells a story that the most imaginative crime novelistwould have been hard put to invent. It is a tale ofdeath, intigue, obstuction of justice, comrption andpolitics. It is also one view of why Sen. Edward M.Kennedy was never indicted in connection with MaryJo Kopechne's death . . . readers will find it hard to'put down."

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I Angela E. Hunt asks, "Why ls Adop-tion the Whispered Option?" She opensher heart to reveal how she and her hus-band, Gary, faced the heartache of infer-til ity and followed God's leading to adopt.

?A Profi levv Eva Whitt inotonAnoela Elwe'l| Hunt

38 llfft'iJ,i the Purpit

Leslie R Keylock

39 Wten Christ Comes

John Calvin

44 Family Living

52 I'B::[lfl,'n

56 Ministry Update

59 f.'H'r rrr,o.Stands FirmSteve Coryell

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I Gover story: PaulaAnderson gives a chi ld 'sperspective on adoption in"God's Special Arrange-ment." She knows God"hand-oicked" her for her0arenrs.

18

I n Jerry Falwell CommentsrY lAmaFundamen ta l i s t

12 Perspect iveI - Should a Fal len LeaderBe Restored?Edward G Dobson

DEPARTMENTS

6 You Said lt

I Are you trying to be both father andmother to your children? Can you lookto your church for help and guidance?Donna MacLean offers advice for "TheChurch and the S ing le Parent . "

FEATURES

I t Adopt ion- theItt Whispered Option?

Angera E.rweil Hunt

1 I F;i"^:[::::i Arransement

AA The Single Parent11 Donna Maclean

26 l:x;3il1'*"'

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AA The Eye of the StormJ0 Daniel R. Mitchell

4 Fundamental is tJournal

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I Another slde

In the February issue Ronald E.Hawkins addressed the issue of"Pastor-Should You Resign?" Hevery ably covered every aspect of apastor who is in the throes ofproblems.

But may I present another side?What about the effect of a pastor'sfamily problems on the congfegation?

With young Christians and youngpeople in the congregation needingclear biblical leading, what is to bedone? My husband says to stayfaithful to what the Lord has askedme to do-teach a Sunday schoolclass-and if the Lord felt the pastorwas slipping, He would chastise himand remove him from the pulpit.

What does a congregation dowhen its pastor is no longer true tothe teachings of the Bible? I wishyou would at some time commenton this subject.

B.O.Tbxas

I Somethlng lrom God

I e4joy reading the Fund,amen-talist Journol. I receive somethingfrom God from each issue. Thank youfor your faithfulness in the ministryto which God has called you.

Elizabeth MittelstaedtEditor, Lgd,i,aWest Germany

I PIaln, good Instructlon

I am a Fbith Partner and regular-ly receive, read, and e4joy theJournnl Thanks for the soul foodand plain, good instruction!

After I read "Single Servants"by Howard Erickson (February), Iwondered why he did not includeI Corinthians 7:8. Since the apostlePaul was single, the statement hemade here would be excellent sup-port for the single servant.

a reservation. ..it's just

all of a sudden thereToo often, when it's least expected or least want€d,we find ourselves facing great personal upheavaland tribulations.

In his new book &rprised by Sullering tbmlogian R.C. Sproul loola at the role of this ttyinghuman condition with compassion, sensitivity,and a concem for biblical truth. He deals with suchisues as suicide, the death of a loved one, the fateof the stillbom and the aborted, and the rightnessof trying to avoid sufftring.

StoPised @ Su{fering-because suffering isone appoinment that will never appear on yourcalendar.

H O U S E P U B L I S H E R S , I N C

doesn't make

6 FundamentalistJournal

Also, Jesus, our supreme exam-ple and teacher, was single.

I understand that God institutedmarriage, but He did not order thatevery human being should be mar-ried in order to work out His will inhis life.

Lannie E. PierceRantoul, Il l inois

I Gomplete agreement

This is regarding the article byNorman L. Geisler about "The Bat-tle for the Resurrection" (March). Iam in complete agreement with theviews expressed and appreciate histaking the time to point them out.

I might add that I very much en-joy the magazine and the wide var-iety of material being offered eachmonth. Keep it up. May God richlybless you and the staff.

Beqjamin J. SpechkoCitrus Heights, California

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I Getting the point across

I have just finished reading yourarticle on "Parenting the Prosper-ous" by Larry Kiser. The article dida very goodjob of getting the pointacross of what I believe is a greatproblem in American Christianitytoday.

Keep up the good work, and Ireally appreciate the fine articles inyour magazine.

Dick Chromy, PastorFaith Baptist Church &Christian SchoolSterling, Illinois

P.S. Another thing I like about yourpublication. The articles are notprinted on the back of another ar-ticle. This enables me to save andfile articles for future use withouthaving to decide which article Ineed the most. I get to save both ar-ticles and I l ike that!

FundamentalistPubllsher: Jerry FalwellEdltorlal Boald:Verlo Ackerman . Norman L. GeislerDavid Jeremiah . John RawlingsElmer L. Towns . Jack WyrtzenWendell Zimmerman

Edltor: Deborah Wade HuffCopy Edltor: Earlene R. GoodwinCoordlnatlng Editor: Cindy B. GunterAssoclate Edltors:W. David B€ck . Daniel R. MitchellContrlbutlng Edltor: Ronald E. HawkinsContrlbutlng Wrlt€rs:Angela Elwell Hunt . Kay RaysorEdltorlal Asslstant: Sally DruckenmillerResearch Asslstant: Mariorie L. Futch

Art Direc.tors:Tracy Scrivener o Edwana Coleman VenableSpeclal Sectlon Deslgner:Preaching & Pastoring, Jim Patt€rsonTypographers: Diane M. PageRenae R. BullockNeil Dool€yPhotography: Gathy D. Watson, Mgr.Brian Sullivan

Advertlslng & Markoting :Bill Lockard, Mgr. . Tamara PughSubscrlber Servlces:Connie Schoter, Coord. . Kathy TaylorCover Models:D6bra Loop and daught€r Rebekah

This magazino is committed to the hlstoriclundamentals of the Christian faith, biblical separation,moral absolutes, ths priority of the local church, andworld svangolization. Although no magazine or indivi-dual can speak for the overall Fundamentalist move"msnt, our desire is to crsats a forum lo sncourageChristian leadsrs and statssmen to defsnd biblicalChrislianlty, Wo wlll sxamine mattsrs ol contomporaryinterest to all Christians, providing an op€n discussionot divorgsnt opinions on rslsvant issues. ThgFundomontallrt Journel will also roaffirm our historyand horitago, as well as point the way to the futur6.

Fundamontrllst Journ.l is published monthly, 1 1issuos per year, by Old-Timo Gosp€l Hour. Postago ispaid at Lynchburg, Virginia, and additional maillngotfices. Addrsss all corrosDondsnco to FundsmentallstJournal, Lynchburg, Virginia 24514, (804t 528-4112.Canadlan Olflca: Box 505. RichmondHill, Ont. L4C4Y8.Subscrlptlon: $14.95 a year (1 1 issues) or $2.00 perissue in U.S. Outside U.S. add $5.00 por yoar postagoprepaid U.S. currsncy.Change ot Address: When ord€ring a chang€ ofaddress, plsaso rsturn your old mailing labsl along withthe nsw addrsss, Allow oight wesks for a chango.Advertlslng: Fundamentallst Journal, Lynchburg,Virglni4 24514, (804) 528-4112.Submlsslons: Fundamonlallst Journal doas not ac-cept unsolicitsd manuscripts without prior writton con-sultation with tho €ditors. All corrospondsncs must beaccompaniod by SASE. We assumo no responsibilityfor ths r6turn of unsolicitod manuscriDts. All materialin this issu6 is subject to U.S. and int€rnationalcopyright laws, Permission to rsproduce must bo ob-tained by writing to Fundamentalisl Journal.O 1989 Old-Tim6 GosDel Hour.Neither advartisod products, writers' thoological posi-tions, nor editodal content in Fundamenlallsl Journalshould bo considersd as sndorsed by, nor ths ofticialposition of, tho magazine or Old-Tims Gospel Hour.

Fundamenlall8t Journal is a ,ffiffi;;iiil'E;;;riit'piid WAssociatlon.

POSTMASTER: Sond address changes lo Fun-damenlallgt Journal, Subscribar Ssrvices,Lynchburg, Virginla 24514.

8 Fundamental is tJournal

IFundamentalist

any regard the term Fun-dnmertnlist as the ultimate

IUI in derogatory labels, con-juring up images of foreign madmenand domestic snake-handlers. Themedia are quick to call any wild-eyedfanatic a Fundamentalist. But themisuse of this term should not in-timidate Fundamentalist Christians.

I am clearly proud to call myselfa Fundamentalist. Whv?

Whenl say I am a Fundamentalist,that tells you a great deal about me.You know that I believe in an infal-lible, verbally inspired Bible. Youknow I believe in the deity of JesusChrist. When I say I am a Fun-damentalist, you understand that Iaccept the vicarious Atonement ofChrist when He died on the Crossfor my sins and rose bodily from thetomb. You realize that I expect mySaviour to return at any moment.

When I say I am a F\rndamentalistyou know where I stand on the fivefundamentals of the Christian faith.

The Inerrancy of Scripture.The Bible was not written by men.It was not put together by greatwriters and authors. The Bible is aGod-breathed Book, a Book inspiredby the Holy Spirit, an infallible, in-errant Book. It is the Book of God.

The Deity of Jesus Christ. TheLord Jesus Christ was the God-man,preexistent with God and born of avirgin in the Bethlehem manger. Hewas, is, and ever shall be coequalwith God the Father and God theHoly Spirit in all attributes pertain-ing to deity. Jesus Christ is God ofvery God. That is very important,because as Fundamentalists, with aGod-breathed, authoritative Book,we also have a Saviour who isalmighty God.

The Atonement. You cannot goto heaven without believing in the

10 FundamentalistJournal

substitutionary death of Christupon the Cross. You cannot go toheaven unless you believe that thisDeity, this God-man, about whomthis inspired Book was written, oneday willingly died on that tree foryou. His blood was shed for the sins

When I say I am aFundamentalist,that tells you

a great deal about me.You know where I stand.

of all humanity-from Adam andEve in the Garden of Eden to thelast person who will be born on thisplanet. The blood of Christ is suffi-cient to cleanse from every sin evercommitted by every person whoever populated this planet. JesusChrist, the God-man, died a sub-stitutionary death on the Cross.

The Bodily Resurrection ofClrist. F\rndamentalists believe thatthat three days after His Crucifixion,Jesus rose up from the grave alive.He rose up in a body-the samebody that was nailed to that Cross-with scars in His hands, in His side,in His feet, and upon His forehead.Because Jesus rose in a body we,too, one day will rise from the deadin a body.

The Second Coming of Christ.We believe in the imminent returnof Christ. The only hope for the fam-ily of God, the only hope for God'screation, is that Jesus is comingagain. He is coming soon. He couldcome today. We have believed thatin the church for 2,000 years.

These five fundamentals, our

basic doctrines, center on Christ.Before our Lord left this earth toreturn to the Father He gave us theGreat Commission. Fundamen-talists believe in evangelism and dis-cipleship through the local churchas the proper fulfillment of thatGreat Commission. We are to go intoall the world and preach the gospelto every creature. That is true fordeacons, Sunday-school teachers,ushers, moms and dads, pastors,evangelists, missionaries, choirmembers, business people, doctors,philosophers-for every believer.

We are to tell the world aboutJesus "in season and out of season."That means when people reallywant to hear it and when they don'twant to hear it, when it's popularor when it's unpopular.

We live in a hostile world thatwill do everything possible to get usto compromise our message. But ev-ery Christian must come to theplace in his life where he totallygives himself to the lordship ofChrist, with no turning back. I havecommitted my life and ministry tothe lordship of Christ. I will neverturn back. If the Communists tookover the country today, so help meGod, I would not back up one stepon anything I stand for or preach,if it cost me everything. EveryChristian must come to that degreeof commitment in his life.

If we are going to continue toreach millions of people with thegospel in our lifetime, we must livethe message we proclaim. While westand for the truth, we must alsohave genuine compassion for a lostworld in need of the Saviour, theGod-man, the virgin-born babe inBethlehem's mange4 who died, androse, and is coming again-as it iswritten in His infallible Word. I

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Should a FallenLeader Be Hestored?

he last few years have not been"kind and gentle" to the Evan-gelical and Fundamentalist

church scene. The startling revelationsof sex, money, and power abuse havenot been restricted to a few highly visi-ble television preachers. Reality is thatministers of all kinds have succumbedto spiritual default. It is a problem of in-creasing and discouraging proportions.Almost every week I deal directly or in-directly with these soldiers who havefallen in battle. They are not Elmer Gan-try clones. They are sincere men whohave spent their lives for the gospel, butwho were overwhelmed with tempta-tion. They find their worlds shattered,their families damaged, their reputa-tions destroyed, and the onlyjob theyever e4joyed gone! They have damagedthemselves, disgraced the gospel, andbrought almost irreparable hurt to thosewho trusted and followed them. It maybe years (if ever) before their churchesreturn to emotional and spiritual health.

We are tempted to walk away fromthese broken servants. After all, we donot know what to say or do. Some in thechurch walk away and justify their ac-tion on the basis that these men broughttheir troubles on themselves. While thatis certainly true (Gal. 6:7-8), the mandateof Scripture is still to "restore" fallenbrothers (Gal. 6:1). Understanding thatmandate has become the forum of in-tense debate in the Evangelical church.

What does it mean to restore a fallenpastor? Can he ever rise to leadershipagain? These are not simple questions.We will probably never reach a consen-sus of the functional applications of thisprinciple. I offer my thoughts as a pointof discussion-not an en cathedra, dog-ma. I see the process of restoring fallenleaders as requiring four separate steps.

Restoration to Fellowship. When

by Edward. G. Dobson

12 FundamentalistJournal

ministers default in their personal lives,it is sin. It is not spiritual burnout ormidlife crisis-it is sin against God.David certainly recognized this fact af-ter he had committed adultery withBathsheba and attempted to cover it upby murdering her husband. A casualreading of his psalm of confession (PS. 51)

The degree to whichttblamelessnesstt can be

restored is the samedegree to which

a person can be restoredto public ministryand leadership.

underscores the reality of his sin againstGod. Forgiveness requires repentanceand confession. Only then can fellow-ship with God be restored.

In the aftermath of leadershipdefaults, managing the fallout of the sinrequires much time and effort. The wifeand children are considered. The effecton the congregation is discussed. Theform of the resignation, the severancepay, the congregational meeting, and soon, are considered. However, thegreatest factor is that the minister hassinned. He has sinned against God! Theonly solution for sin is the blood of theLord Jesus Christ (1 John 1:8-9).

Restoration to Worship. Wheredoes a fallen leader turn for help andsupport? He should turn to a localchurch-God's agency for discipline,care, and spiritual growth. After beingrestored to fellowship with God, theleader needs restoration to an assemblyof believers where he and his family canreceive love, care, discipline, and ac-countability. Too often we relegate

fallen leaders to spiritual "purgatory"-a place where they suffer alone until itis safe to invite them back to "heaven"or deliver them over to "hell."

Paul deals with this restoration inland2 Corinthians. In 1 Corinthians heurges the church to discipline an un-repentant immoral brother by puttinghim out of the church. He does so instrong, confrontational, and direct lan-guage (1 Cor. 5). The church follows theinstruction. Then the brother repentsand desires reconciliation. In 2 Corin-thians, Paul admonishes the church torespond and restore this brother. "Suffi-cient to such a man is this punishment,which was inflicted of many. So thatcontrariwise ye ought rather to forgivehim, and comfort him, lest perhaps sucha one should be swallowed up with over-much sorrow. Wherefore I beseech youthat ye would confirm your love towardhim" (2 Cor. 2:6-8).

Restoration to Service. One of themain illustrations of the church in theNew Testament is the physical body.Central to this concept is the idea thatthere are many different members with-in the body who together enable thebody to function. Each of us has aunique and separate contribution to thebody. These contributions are defined interms of spiritual gifts (Rom. 12). C'od hasgiven to each member of the body atleast one spiritual gift. These are notnatural abilities or personality traits, butsupernatural gifts given by the Spirit.Personal fulfillment and joy results whenwe exercise our spiritual gifts. In fact,identification with the body impliesfunctioning within the body (Eph. 4:9-16).

The third step is the restoring ofservice to that percon by giving him op-portunities to exercise his spiritual gif(s).Ttris does not mean leadenhip-rather itinvolves service. To deny such a percon

continued on page 61

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s the alarm clock jarred her into con-sciousness, she automatically reached toshut it off and fumbled for the ther-mometer she kept by the bed. Once her

fingers found it, she stuck it in her mouth andcontemplated how nice it would be to stay inbed and not go to work. She was only workinguntil they had a baby, anyway. After the re-quired three minutes had passed, she removedthe thermometer and stumbled to the bathroomto record the morning's "resting temperature"on the chart her gynecologist had given her.

She reentered the bedroom, gave her sleep-ing husband a playful whack on his behind, andcalled briskly, "Time to get up, oh thou slug-gard." She then padded to the kitchen andpoured a cold glass of orange juice, her break-fast. Her Bible and a daily devotional guide layat the end of the kitchen table and she drewthem to her. She calmly, routinely read theScripture appointed by the devotional guide andthen proceeded to read the little book's dailyillustration.

14 FundamentalistJournal

by Angela Efusell Hunt

1,, ri,, i t if I ii! ;:;.' | {,7' ""'

"God, I u-tould rather there be no charrcefor us to haue chi,Idren than merely a

Ii,ttle charrce. If I'ue got to gi,ae uphauirry a baby, Iet me do it completely."

The challenge at the bottom ofthe page brought her reading to anabrupt halt. The lesson questioned,"What is the biggest difficulty inyour life right now?"

"Oh, Lord," she breathed, "Youknow what it is. Our infertility. Youknow how long and how hard wehave been trying to have a baby. Youknow how often we have prayed,fasted, and prayed. You know aboutthe doctors, the books, the advice,and the pressure.

She slowly read the next sen-tence. 'Ask God not to remove that

difficulty, but to use it to bring youcloser to Him and to others."

Surely these were not the Lord'swords. They belonged to someprofessorial theologian who hadwritten an impersonal spiritualplatitude for JuIy 13. How dare he!How could some unknown writerask her to divulge and renounce herheart's desire?

But deep within, she knew therewas more to it than that. On hercalendar, July 13 was marked,"Tbsts due back from doctor'soffice." It was the day when she andher husband would possibly knowsomething about why they seemedto be the only couple in the worldwho could not produce babies.

Her husband dropped her offat her office later that morning,kissed her good-bye, and remindedher to call the doctor's office afterfour o'clock. The day passed slow-Iy. She glanced at the clock everyhour and tried to pray. Thinking ofthe morning's devotional reading,she murmured a quick compromise."God, I would rather there be nochance for us to have children thanmerely a little chance. If I've got togive up having a baby, let me do itcompletely."

When four o'clock finally ar-rived, she hesitantly dialed thedoctor's number. A nurse put her onhold until the doctor came on the

16 FundamentalistJournal

Iine. He spoke, and she repliedautomatically-as if another personhad entered her body to make civilreplies and thank the doctor for histime and trouble. She hung up andstared at the telephone for a mo-ment, then called out the door toher boss, "Do you mind if I leave alittle early today?" He didn't, so shequickly gathered her belongingsand left. By the time she was outthe door, she was sobbing.

Once home, she dreaded herhusband's arrival. How could shetell him? What could she sav? When

at last she heardhis key in thelock, she ran tomeet him. Onelook at his facetold her that he,too, had calledthedoctor.Noth-ing needed tobe said.

They sat on the edge of their bedand cried together. Suddenly shespoke out in furious determination."I know I was meant to have chil-dren. I just know it! God gave me amother's heart, and He wouldn'thave done that without a reason!"

The knowledge that they wouldnever have biological childrenfueled their desperate desire to beparents. They had time and love toshare. In the midst of their crisis,they decided to adopt. They knewa little about the difficulties ofadoption, the months of waiting,and hours of preparatory paper-work, but they were willing toundergo anything to bring a childinto their home.

The above story is ours, Gary andAngie Hunt's. Many years havepassed since that July 13th, but Irecall those intense feelings vividly.I have prayed that I would not for-get all the emotions we experi-enced, so I could empathize withothers who find themselves incap-able of bearing children.

I had never thought about adop-tion until we announced our plansto adopt. Suddenly, adopted chil-dren and adoptive parents surfacedeverywhere. I found many of myadult friends had been adopted.Many families in our church hadadopted children. Many, many peoplebegan to quietly take me aside and

say, "You know, my wife and I areconsidering adoption. You see, wecan't seem to have ababy and . . . "

Why is adoption the whisperedoption? Why are couples who strug-gle with the pain of infertilityignored by the church and dis-missed by their families? For manyreasons, infertility is on the rise. TheAmerican Fertility Society, based inBirmingham, Alabama, reports thatone in six couples of childbearingage today is infertile (unable toconceive a child after one year ofunprotected intercourse).

Many medical treatments for in-fertility are relatively simple andcan be kept very private. A couplewho has not conceived after oneyear should check with their docto4but keep in mind that it often takessix to eight months for a normal fer-tile couple to conceive.

During the 21 months we tried toconceive, I rode an unbelievableemotional roller coaster. In the lattertwo weeks of my cycle, I would vivid-ly imagine morning sickness and allsorts of pregnancy symptoms. Iwould eat a huge meal and then lookat food and think, 'Am I nauseous?Yes-I think so. I must be pregnant!"

Each time my cycle was delayedfor two or three days (which wasoften, beca,use of my agitated stateof mind), I would confide to myclose friends that I was 99 percentsure I was pregnant. I brought homepregnancy test kits, and I would sitdreamily at work with one protec-tive hand over my tummy. If I hada cold or hay fever, I would deter-minedly suffer and sniff rather thanrisk taking a drug when there mightbe a small unannounced babywithin my body.

Inevitably, however, the physicalreality would manifest itself and myhopes would be snatched away. Foralmost two years I vacillated month-ly between the heights of hope andthe depths of despair.

We found that we had to put thedesire for a pregnancy behind us. Icannot say that I never wonder howit feels to have a baby kick inside thewomb. It must be incredible to knowthat a human life, part of you andpart of your loved one, is growingwhileyou warm and nurture it. Preg-nant women get congratulations,personal attention, and seats on the

bus. They get to wear those wonder-ful tents with bows on top!

But I wanted a child to love, nota season of maternity tents. AdoP-tion is not for everyone, but it wasGod's choice for us-and for me.

We thought that adoption wouldbe reasonably easy. After all, aren'tthere thousands of unwanted chil-dren in the world? Unfortunatelyfor the children, there are. Between50,000 and 100,000 children, mostof them older, handicapped, or fromminority racial backgrounds, wait inthe United States foster care systemto be adopted.

The white healthy infant is themost sought-after and least-available child. According to the Na-tional Committee for Adoption, only10 percent of women who bearbabies out of wedlock today makeadoption plans for their children,compared with approximately 80percent a generation ago. OnlYabout 50,000 women place infantsfor adoption today, and abortionstake the lives of 1.6 million babieseach year.

According to William L. Pierce,president of the National Commit-tee for Adoption, in 1985 approxi-mately 25,000 healthy newbornswere adopted in the United Statesthrough licensed agencies and in-dependent placements. More peo-ple are adopting independentlytoday. A typical agency may placebetween 10 and 25 infants per year.For every available child, 40 coupleswant to adopt. (Other experts citeas many as 100 couples per child.)

But before a couple even beginsto evaluate public versus privateagencies or independent adoption,they should realistically try tovisualize their "ideal child."

Most people want to beginparenting while their child's life isstill young, fresh, and virtually un-touched. We have all heard thatmost of a child's personality isformed by age 6, so we think, "Ifwe're to have input in a child's life,let's get a young child." But 7-year-olds need homes, too. So doteenagers.

If you feel God may be leadingyou to consider adoption, take timeto consider the vast array of chil-dren from which you have tochoose. Don't limit yourself or your

family to one type of child.If you are infertile, allow your-

self time to grieve before you pur-sue adoption. Though I did notrcalize it at the time, I activelYgrieved for three months after thatfateful July 13th. For weeks, oneglance at a baby could reduce me totears. In the midst of a mundaneconversation about the water bill Icould suddenly burst out with, "Itreally isn't fair! Why do I have to gothrough all this to have kids?"

Grief has stages: depression,anger, denial, despair, bargaining,and finally acceptance. (The lengthand severity of grieving varies witheach couple.) Acceptance does notmean that you are happy with thesituation (though, now I can saythat I am), but that you have ceasedto grieve. I went through some ofthe stages during the time we triedto conceive. Others I went throughlater. But by the time we faced asocial worker and solidified ourplans to adopt, we had accePtedGod's plan for us.

Infertile couples, particularly thewomen, oftenfeel a sort ofdesperation tohave a child.The tide of emo-tions that sur-face when aninfertile womanmust contendwith pregnantfr iends, babyshowers, andsmall childrenare not easilysubdued. Oftenfeelings of in-feriority and in-adequacy ariseand may put astrain on themarriage andon other relationships. Many infer-tile women describe themselves as"empty," "worthless," or "hope-less." The Bible records the desper-ation of Hannah, who prayed for achild so fervently that the Priestthought she was drunk, and Rachel,who passionately told her husband,"Give me children, or else I die."

The devotional I read that JulYmorning said to "allow the difficultyto draw you closer to God and to

"There's onIA one thirry better thanhaui,ng the normal thi'W, and that's

hauirry God's u:i,II for Aour li'fe."

perhaps you are experiencingsecondary infertility-you have onechild, but cannot seem to have asecond. If there is a medicalproblem, check with an adoptionagency. You have one valuableasset-parenting experience !

Perhaps you are not infertile, butyou are concerned about socialcauses and would like to adoPt to

others." Infertility must be shared;it cannot be blamed on one percon orthe other. As you believe that Godhas brought you and your spousetogether, you must believe that Hehas allowed this in His wisdom.

Your extended family, too, mustbe considered. If you adopt a child,he or she needs loving, acceptinggrandparents. But like you, thosegrandparents need time to adjust tothe emotions of loss and the joys ofacceptance. They must also realizethat a family is not united by bloodalone, but also by love.

You must share your emotionsregarding infertility with trust-worthy people, but many infertilecouples are unwilling to discusstheir situation with others. They areafraid they will be offered mundaneadvice, or their trouble will be con-sidered too lightly. Erma Bombeckonce said that infertile couples getas much sympathy as a 95-Poundwoman trying to gain weight.

Infertile couples with no chil-dren are usually the first choice ofadoption agencies for infants. But

conti,rtued, on page 43

May 1989 17

eqt

Mama and Daddy told me fromchildhood that I was adopted, andthat made me a special little girl.From earliest memory I recall tell-ing my parents that Jesus chose oneof His lady angels in heaven andsent her down to earth to have me.People always comment about howmuch my mother and I resembleeach other, so I know the hand ofGod was in my adoption. He evenwent to the finest detail of allowingme to have the same appearance asmy beautiful mother.

I belong to my parents just asmuch as if my mother had held mein her womb. A poem about adopt-ed children points out that amother's adopted child was not car-ried in her womb. It was carried inher heart. I know this is true. Manypeople believe that giving birth toa child makes a woman a mother. Idisagree. Motherhood comes fromyears of patience, love, sorrow, hap-piness, and a myriad of other God-given emotions.

Adoption reminds me of the way

Jesus was brought to this earth. Hewas raised by parents chosen forHim by God. I believe Jesus hand-picked my mother and father toraise and nurture me, so I can serveGod on earth just as Jesus servedHim. Psalm 139:16 states, "Thine

secure that they are loved, wanted,and special in the eyes of God andtheir parents, these questions willnot affect them. They will be proudto say, "Yes, I'm adopted." The ques-tions about my adoption neverstopped but they do not bother me.

Sometimes peo-ple are just"nosy," perhapsthinking it willbe a sore spotw i th me. Mypride in adop-tion often sur-prises them.

I praise theLord that I was

not aborted. I wish I could tell everyyoung, unwed mother who wants toabort her child how selfish andwrong that is. God chooses whetherto make life or take it away. No oneelse should make that choice.

Often young girls keep and try toraise their babies on their own. Thethought of placing their little onesup for adoption by "some strangefamily" makes them cringe. Theymay feel that keeping this new lifewill help atone for the wrong thatthey have committed and erase thesin. These girls need to learn thatonly Jesus can erase their sins. Hecan make them new and pure againby His love.

What a wonderful gift a younggirl could give to another couple byallowing them to love the child andnurture it in a Christian home. Asthe Bible says, our parents have usfor only a short while. We do notbelong to them; we belong to Jesus.We are His children because He lovesus more than anyone else does. Sowe can have faith that no matterhow He arranges our "living accom-modations" here on earth, He lovesus and "works all things togetherfor our good."

He knows the number of hairs onour heads. He gave His life on theCross for you and me. At the end oftime He will bring His adopted chil-dren, those who have turned fromtheir sins to Him in saving faith,home to reign with Him in heaven.

I Paula Anderson is director ofcommunicat ions at the PaulAnderson Youth Home in Vidalia,Georgia.

I prai,se the Lord that I u;as not aborted.I wi,sh I could tell euery UouW, unuedmother who Loants to abort her chi,Idhow selfish and wrorry that is.

eyes did see my substance, yet be-ing unperfect; and in thy book allmy members were written, which incontinuance were fashioned, whenas yet there was none of them." Godcreated everything in this world. Hechose to form me outside mymother's womb, and then He gaveme to my parents.

My parents always told me I wasadopted and that God created mefor them. My heart breaks when Isee children who are troubled be-cause they are adopted. They act asif a great sin has been committed,and they confess it to others withshame. These negative feelings mayresult when parents do not presentthe fact of their child's adoptionearly in life. A child should be toldhe is adopted as soon as he is oldenough to understand it. Parentsshould not be ashamed of adoptionor try to hide it. They should con-sider it the Lord's wonderful planfor their family. Jesus has blessedthese parents, choosing their childjust as much as if He had plantedthe baby in the mother.

Some couples do not want theirchildren. The pregnancy may be anaccident and the baby "just anothermouth to feed." Parents who adopthave to wait longer and pray harderto receive their baby. Often theywait many years for an infant to be-come available. An adopted childshould feel especially loved andwanted because the parents had tosearch, pray, and work fortheir baby.

Fliends of adopted children oftenquestion them about their special ar-rangement. But if these children aregrounded in love at home and feel

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The Church and the Single Parent

Car trouble, a beautiful sunset,a tiny finger in need of stitches-all these are hard to bear for thesingle parent. I have heard that"life is what happens along the waywhile you're making other plans. "That is certainly true for those whoplan to rear their children as partof a marriage team but wind updoing it alone. This job of the sin-gle parent, imposed by death ordivorce, is the ultimate oppositesurprise party-as I discoveredwhen I was widowed in my twentieswith the responsibility of twotoddlers.

Demographers predict by 1990more than a third of the childrenborn in the seventies will havespent part of their childhood livingwith a single parent (John Naisbitt,Megatrends, 1982, Warner Books).The growing number of single-parent families necessitates a closelook by the body of Christ. Whatcan the church do to meet theneeds of the single parents in theirmidst? What can the single parentdo to help the church understandhis needs? Four specific areas needour attention.I Think I Can't: The Problem ofFatigue

"You deserve a break today,"

by Donna Maclean

beckons the ad of a fast-foodrestaurant. Even married parentsneed a break sometimes. But forthe single parent there are nobreaks-sometimes not even wel-come f rac tu res . Imag ine l i fewithout a back rub! The sheer phys-ical fatigue of caring for a family byyourself can interfere with the joyof being a parent.

One day my 2-year-old and Iwere drawing faces on a piece ofpaper. I drew a circle for herbrother's face and asked what heneeded.

"Hair . . .eals. . . eyes. . . mouth,"she said as I drew each part. ThenI drew another circle representingmy face and asked, "What doesMama need?" She qu ick lyanswered, "Help!"

I chuckled as I thought abouthow many times I must have said,"I need some help around here!"Physical fatigue probably contribut-ed more to the bitterness I feltabout my situation than any otherfactor.What the Single Parent Can Do

rGetting enough rest and eatingwisely are assets to the physical de-mands of single parenting. Parentand child will feel more able to copewith the demands they face if they

pay attention to these importantareas.

oAny aerobic exercise is a greatstress reducer. During my five yearsas a single parent, I took up jogging.That, combined with all the yardwork I was doing, helped me feelbetter physically than I have feltbefore or since.

rl,et someone in the churchknow what your needs are. By notthinking you have to do everythingyourself, you will feel less pres-sured, and you will allow yourchurch family to be blessed byreaching out to you.

rReserve one afternoon a weekto do something enjoyable withyour children-attend a zoo, goswimming, take a bike ride. Takelittle vacations during the day.These special moments will giveyou greater satisfaction than hav-ing a showmanship lawn or a spot-less house.What the Church Can Do

.One Sunday school class in ourchurch turned our entire half-acreof weeds into lawn. They spentseveral evenings of "social time,"pulling weeds, before they camewith their tractors to till the dirtand plant the grass seed. One manreturned several weeks later to

May 1989 23

plant two trees for us. This was ajob I never could have done bymyself.

oA teen from the church cameto our house one afternoon a weekto baby-sit for my toddlers. Thiswas a welcome break from the un-ending duties of a single parent. Ilooked forward all week to going tothe grocery store or library or evenwashing the car alone.

.As a new widow, I appreciatedthe meals our church family provid-ed for us-but I had no desire forfood. A caring church could send anoccasional meal after the initialtime of grief-a welcome sight to afamily probably surviving on scram-bled eggs!Tea for One: Social Isolation

Life can be lonely for a singleparent, even if he has close friends.He still has to go home to put thechildren to bed alone, fall asleepalone, and wake up in the morningalone. Having children does notnecessarily lessen the loneliness. Attimes it accentuates it.

Beginning to date again is likebeing sent back home in the gameof "Sorry." After all that effort,here you are at "start." It can bea frustrating activity that rocks theboat of fragile stability a single par-ent has achieved at home.

One of my worst experienceswas visiting a singles Bible study. Ihad been assured this group wasnot "predatory," but I found some-thing different. I felt "sized up"from the moment I walked into theroom. Well-meaning churches canbe unintentionally insensitive to thesingle person. A single person canfeel excluded from a "sweetheart"banquet or penalized when the tick-et price is cheaper by the couple.Such social times could be titledto include more than romanticdoubles.

I was fortunate to have manypeople with whom I could talkabout my feelings. Verbalizing gaveconcrete dimensions to mythoughts-from grief over the lossof my husband, to the pleasure ofseeing a cantaloupe grow in thegarden.What the Single Parent Can Do

oSingle parents can take the ini-tiative to host families in theirhomes for a fellowship time. Sun-

24 FundamentalistJournal

Someone wisely told me,

days can be especially lonely. It isa good "family day" to plan forcompany. The children will benefitfrom having a variety of peoplewith whom to interact.

.I was reluctant to invite otherfamilies to our house. I felt sorrv for

Don't try to be bothfather and motherto your children.

"You just be theirmother. Let God be

their father.t'

any man having to spend the after-noon with a house full of womenand children! I also could not figureout how to cook the food, take careof the children, and entertain theguests all at the same time. I wishI had settled for a pot of chili or apizza (and forgotten the four-coursedinner with the china) and invitedtwo families so they could entertainone another. Friends will under-stand your limitations. You all will

benefit from the fellowship youshare.

oBuy two season tickets to asporting event or local drama groupin order to have the built-in antici-pation of an evening out. Invite adifferent person to accompany youeach time. A special incentive willbe that you are providing thetickets.What the Church Can Do

oThe teen group in our churchhosted an annual spaghetti feed forwidowed people in the church. Thiswas a good opportunity to getacquainted with other people, andit made us feel honored. It alsodeveloped a welcome sensitivity onthe part of the young people.

oAs a single parent, I found itdifficult to take vacations with mychildren. I feared traveling on theroad alone. A concerned familycould invite a single parent and child-ren to caravan with them to Disney-land, Yellowstone Park, and so on.

oAn adult Sunday school classplanned a weekend camping tripand invited us to join them. Wecamped next door to friends, andthe men in the group helped set upour tent. It was a weekend I wouldnot have risked alone with twosmall children.

.Develop a singles ministry thatministers to others. Help singles fo-cus on what they can do for othersin and out of their social group.Part of a Parent: Doing a JobThat's Meant for Two

A single parent quickly develops

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tunnel vision. Without a partner tosee things he doesn't see, offensiveattitudes and actions go unnoticed.Most married parents will agreethat often the other partner seesneeds in the child-and in thespouse-that he misses himself.

I remember thinking, What acoinnid.ence! Mg son is i,ntarestcd ineuerything I'm i,nterested i,n. Heliked the same music I did, the sametype of art, books, television pro-grams. I did not realize this "soulchild" had no choice. He had onlymy influence. Once I remarried, hesuddenly developed new interests:basketball, sports celebrities, cars,computers. Up until that point hiseducation lacked an importantingredient-a father.

God's Word says, "Two are bet-ter than one; because they have agood reward for their labour. For ifthey fall, the one will lift up his fel-low: but woe to him that is alonewhen he falleth; for he hath notanother to help him up" (Eccl.4:9-10). A single parent needs that"other" to call on in time of need.What the Single Parent Can Do

oTry to view your childrenobjectively. Ask God to help you seetheir needs. He has promised to be"the father of the fatherless."

oAsk someone close to you forfeedback regarding your children'smanners, respect for authority, andspiritual needs.

oDon't try to be both father andmother to your children. Someonewisely told me, "You just be theirmother. Let God be their father."That thought lifted my heavy bur-den and helped me rely on theLord.

oExpand your horizons. Enrollyourself or your child in a class thatdevelops a new interest for yourfamily-a foreign language, a musi-cal instrument, art lessons.What the Church Can Do

oOffer to be called when the carbreaks down or gets stuck in thesnow. Your offer may never beneeded, but it will give valuablepeace of mind.

oBe the male defender she mayneed on occas ion . One manreturned with me to a store whereI had been treated unfairly. My at-

conti,nued on page 41

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God)s Word, for tbe Fnrnily

by Jack BoYd

Fundamentalist Journal

Dust and perspiration streaked Abigail's face. Her delicatebody oozed weariness as she slid gracefully off her donkey.Her kohl-rimmed eyes surveyed the agitated house servantsuntil she spotted the chief shepherd frowning in the back-ground and clutching his worn staff. A tilt of her veiled

head pulled him to one side."They accepted the gifts, Shema," she said gently.

"Thank you for your bravery in telling me they werecoming." Her voice was low but she knew the rest ofthe servants understood. The fierce-eyed old shepherdpeered at the five donkeys with their empty harness-baskets. He started to speak, but her quick glance cuthim off. "If it makes you feel better, your message savedthe lives of all the men who work beside you."

Shema turned to go, then stopped. "My mistress,your beauty and wisdom is well-known in our village,and even beyond. I am sorry it is you who must facethe one who caused this disaster." Then he continueddown the rocky hillside.

Abigail remembered that morning when the news ar-rived of the soldiers' blazing anger at Nabal, her hus-band. Of course, the servants knew better than to talkto Nabal directly. Only Shema had the courage to senda maid with a message for the young mistress of thehouse: Dauid and, his TTLen are condng to annihilnte thisentire house. Possibly the wife of Nabal could. . .

Abigail modestly acknowledged her youth and phys-ical beauty, but she was even prouder of her ability toweigh and balance two opposing ideas and still comeup with a wise solution. She knew well enough that oldNabal was aware of her keen mind, but he married herbecause of her beauty and never allowed her intelli-gence to be displayed. He acted as if she were a mind-less trinket. Nevertheless, many times she had beenforced to quietly intercede with merchants when hisdrunken shouts threatened to lose an entire year's woolsales. She had few friends because everyone she knewhad at one time or another been berated by her surlyhusband.

But this was different. Vastly different. This time shehad taken her husband's role in talking to the leader of aguerrilla band, and she had given away her husband'sgoods without asking permission. No woman could med-dle this way in her husband's business, particularly ifthat husband was as contemptible and petty as Nabal.He would use her interference as a pretense for divorceor even imprisonment, Abigail knew she was totally atNabal's mercy. . . and he never showed mercy.

Tlvo years before, David the son of Jesse instructedhis men to protect Nabal's shepherds and flocks when

David's tired and shabby army camped at Carmel. But,of course, Nabal refused to acknowledge the help. Andnowthat enraged arrny was marching to seekvengeance.

Abigail glanced fearfully at the room where herhusband should be working. She called one of the

house servants, a young boy, who almost fell as helooked at her. "Hadlai, where is your master?"

The wiry, ruddy-faced boy sucked in a nervousbreath. "Will you see him now? I mean . . . right now?"

Abigail frowned at the question. "Of course. I'vejust returned . . . and I have to speak to him." Shelocked her fingers together to keep them from trem-bling. "He is my husband."

The boy pulled at a thread on his cloak. "Mistress,Nabal is with his friends. . . up there." He noddedtoward the large hall of the main house.

Abigail's face was a mask of revulsion as she peeredat the room used primarily for Nabal's drunken par-ties. Without a word she turned and walked quickly toher own apartment.

Ttvilight filtered through the fluttering curtainsat her bedroom window as Abigail wearily pulled offher riding veil. She walked out onto her balconyand listened to the yells and laughter coming fromthe banquet room. Tbni,ght or tomorrout morni,ng?No, tonight Nabal will be drunk, and he mi.ght haueme ki.lled os an enample to his guests. She turned ata soft step.

"Mistress," her youngest maid said tentatively, "willDavid's men attack?" The terrified girl stood clench-ing and opening her hands.

Abigail sighed and waited before answering. "No,Milcah," she said slowly. "David the son of Jesse willnot attack. . . this time."

The girl took a deep breath. A tiny smile flickeredaround her lips. "Mistress," she said carefully, "whatdid this David look like? I mean," she continued quick-ly, "was he tall, or fat. . . or what?"

Abigail glanced angrily at the young girl. Mg life ishanging by a narrow ribbon, and thi.s child, wants toknow about. . . Then Abigail shook her head. If I werethat age, so would I, particularly if I had heard someof the stories circulating about the great lead,er Dauid.She poured some water into the basin next to her bedand splashed some on her face.

"He is as handsome as the stories say." She heardthe girl catch her breath. "He is kind, and he thinksof his men before himself." Abigail's concentrationwavered. Why couldn'tmyfather haue gottennl,e satne-one like that, instead of thi.s Nabal? His name ?neurtsFool, and that is an eract descri,ption. Why couldn'ti.t haue been. . . Daui.d? She stared out into the darken-ing night.

"Mistress?" The maid waited, unsure of herself."What will happen now? I mean, to you? Our masterasked about you at the evening meal."

Abigail closed her eyes to force some reasoning intoherjumbled thoughts. She opened them to find the girlpeering at her in confusion.

"I will be praying all night, and in the morning I willspeak to your master about the gifts to David the sonof Jesse." Startled, the maid's hands flew to her mouth."Now, go to bed." The girl turned, glanced at the dreadon her mistress's face, then ran from the room crying.

Slowly Abigail picked up her mirror and stared at

conti,nued on page 42

May 1989 27

THE FUND

BY wtt t tAM E. Ntx

undamentalism was bornout of a doctrinal con-troversy that accompaniedthe rise of Modernism andLiberalism as they chal-lenged traditional Chris-tianity nearly a centuryago. Challenges came fromstudies in higher criticism,comparative religions, andscience. The ultimate issuein this controversy con-cerns whether Christians,

who have a supernatural religion, will be over-powered by those who have only a secular andhumanistic philosophy of life. The challenges maychange in specific applications, but the centralissues remain the same. In their strugglesFundamentalists have rallied around the "greatfundamentals" of the Christian faith.

That the struggle is theological and doctrinalmay be seen in the words of Curtis Lee Laws, edi-tor of The Watch,man-Eraminen who wrote in

A BLEND OF "COMMON-SENSE'' DOO

July 1920, "We suggest that those who still cling tothe great fundamentals and who mean to dobattle royal for the fundamentals shall be called'Fundamentalists.' " Laws was not appealing to apolitical, social, economic, or denominationalgroup. He was recalling a series of books entitled TheFundnmentols published between February 1910 andthe spring of 1915.

Amzi C. Dixon served as chairman of an editori-al committee comprised of three laymen (Henry P.Crowell, Thomas S. Smith, and D.W. Potter) andthree clergymen (Reuben A. TLrrrey, Louis Meyer,and Elmore Harris). They concentrated ontrad,itional doctrines wi,th innoaatiue applicationsand not on innoaatiae dnctrines usith tradi,ti,onalapplicati,ons. The Fund,amentak were sentwithout charge to "every pastor, evangelist,missionary, theological professor, theologicalstudent, Sunday-school superintendent, Y.M.C.A.and Y.W.C.A. secretary, in the English-speakingworld, so far as the addresses of all these can beobtained." In aII, about three million books weredistributed with the "compliments of two Christian

EXCERPTS FROM T

The Coming of Christ

The return of Christ is a fun-damental doctrine of the Chris-tian faith. lt is embodied in thehymns of hope; it forms the cli-max of the creeds; it is the sub-lime motive for evangelistic andmissionary activity; and daily it isvoiced in the inspired prayer:"Even so, come, Lord Jesus."

It is peculiarly a Scripturaldoctrine. lt is not, on the onehand, a dream of ignorant fanat-ics, nor, on the other, a cre-ation of speculative theologians;but it is a truth divinely re-vealed. and recorded in theBible with marked clearness. em-phasis and prominence.

Charles R. Erdman. D.D.

28 FundamentalistJournal

The Bodily Resurectionof Ghrist

The resurrection of JesusChrist from the dead is thecorner-stone of Christian doc-trine. . . . lt was the most oromi-nent and cardinal point in theapos to l i c t es t imony . . . .Theresurrection of Jesus Christ wasthe one point that Peter empha-sized in his great sermon on theDay of Pentecost. His wholesermon centered in that fact. ltskey-note was, "This Jesus hathGod raised up, whereof we all arewitnesses" (Acts 2:32).

The crucif ixion loses itsmeaning without the resurrec-tion. Without the resurrection, thedeath of Christ was only theheroic death of a noble martyr.With the resurrection, it is theatoning death of the Son of God.It shows that death to be of suffi-cient value to cover all our sins,for it was the sacrifice of the Sonof God.

R.A. Torrey, D.D.

Inspiration

We mean by Inspiration thatthe words composing the Bibleare God-breathed. lf they are not,then the Bible is not insoired atall, since it is composed only andsolely of words.

Let is be stated . . . that lherecord for whose inspiration wecontend is the original record-the autographs or parchmentsof Moses, David, Daniel, Matthew. Paul or Peter. as the casemay be, and not any particulartranslation. There is no trans-lation absolutely without error,nor could there be, consideringthe infirmities of human copyists,unless God were pleased to per-form a perpetual miracle to se-cure it.

AMENTALSRINE AND PERSONAL APPLICATION

laymen," Lyman and Milton Stewart of LosAngeles.

Ernest R. Sandeen identifies Fundamentalism asbasically an alliance between a DispensationalPremillennialism made popular by John NelsonDarby (1800-1882) and the Scofield Reference Bible(1909, 1917) and a doctrine of biblical inspirationthat entailed an inerrant Bible as the product ofPrinceton Calvinists. His penetrating analysis failsto account adequately for other broad-basedinfluences already present in the American churchthat helped produce a climate of opinion for the"common-sense" Fundamentalist theology thatemerged from The Fundamentals.

THE FUNDAMENTALS ARE AS RELEVANTAS EVER. THEY PROVIDE A MODELOF WORK AND WITNESS THAT HASLASTING VALUE.

Attempts to identify the precise doctrinal con-tent and source of the "great fundamentals" havemet with little success. Stewart G. Cole's biasedThe History of Fund,amentalism (1931), incorrectlyidentifies the "five fundamentals" as "The Fun-damentals of the Fhith as Expressed in the Articlesof Belief of the Niagara Bible Conference" (1878).His error has been perpetuated even though thesearticles are 14 in number. The theological disposi-tion is Dispensational Premillennialism.

Others relate the "great fundamentals" to reso-lutions of the Presbyterian General Assembly in1893 and 1910 when it adopted the only five-pointstatement made by a denomination or group rele-vant to early Fundamentalism. It names "the iner-rancy of the Scripture, virgin birth, substitutionaryatonement, physical resurrection, and miracle-working power of Christ as essential Christian doc-trines." The theological stance reflects PrincetonCalvinism.

William L. Pettingill published The ChristianFundamentak: A Bri,ef Rnuiew of "Those Thi,ngsWhich Are Surely Belieued, Among Us" (1941).

IE FU'VDAME,VTALS

The oervasive evidence ofverbal inspiration stares one inthe face at the opening ofevery page of the Bible. lt is nota "few texts," here and there, onwhich it depends, but it "stands"rooted in the whole body of theWord of God. He who knowswhat the Jews understood by theexpression, "the oracles of God,"a divinely oracular Book, differ-ent from every other-a Book ofGod's own "Testimony"-willknow that no other conception ofits contents could orevail thanthis, that it was "divinely in-spired," having "God" as itsAuthor, and truth without error asits matter.

L.W. Munhall, M.A., D.D.

The Virgin Birth ofGhrist

Doctrinally, it must be repeat-ed that the belief in the Virginbirth of Christ is of the highestvalue for the right apprehensionof Christ's unique and sinlesspersonality. Here is One . . . who,free from sin Himself, and not in-volved in the Adamic liabilities ofthe race, reverses the curse of sinand death brought in by the firstAdam, and establishes the reignof righteousness and life. HadChrist been naturally born, notone of these things could be af-firmed of Him.

James Orr D.D.

The Deity of Ghrist

The proof-texts and passagesdo orove that Jesus was es-teemed divine by those whocompanied with Him; that He es-teemed Himself divine; that Hewas recognized as divine bythose who were taught by theSpirit; that, in fine, He was divine.But over and above this Biblicalevidence the impression Jesushas left upon the world bears in-dependent testimony to His deity,and it may well be that to manyminds this wil l seem the mostconclusive of all its evidences.

Benjamin B. Warfield, D.D., LL.D.

The Atonement

We can form no conceotionof the cost at which He laid asidesome of His divine attributes tobecome incarnate. We can formbut little conception of the cost atwhich He died for the world. . . .When a man sacrifices his life hedoes but sacrifice a few days oryears; he does but lay it downearlier instead of later. But Christdid not choose between dying atone time rather than another: Hechose between dying and notdying. Thus, viewed in any lightwhatever, the voluntary sufferingsof Christ surpass our powers ofthought and imagination, reach-ing infinitely beyond all humanexoerience.

Franklin Johnson, D.D., LL.D.

May 1989 29

These are eight articles written for The SundnySchool Times which treat inspiration, the VirginBirth, deity of Christ, Atonement, necessity ofChrist's Resurrection, New Birth, Second Comingof Christ, and eternal state of the saved and lost.

Jerry Fblwell reflects another widely acceptedview. He sees them as the inspiration and infall-ibility of Scripture, deity of Christ (including HisVir$n Birth), substitutionary Atonement ofChrist's death, literal Resurrection of Christ fromthe dead, and literal return of Christ in the SecondAdvent.

In reality the single most influential expressionof the "great fundamentals" is The Fund,amentals.Ninety in number, they were written by 64 authorsrepresenting various denominations from six coun-tries. With this broad spectrum, it is unrealistic toexpect that every Fundamentalist would agreewith every article. Their balanced approachemphasizes essentials and de-emphasizes nonessen-tials so that various abbreviated lists could bedrawn from them as circumstances required.

he balanced approach in TheFundamentals is more than amere uniting of the Dispensa-tional Premillennialists and thePrinceton Calvinists for thecommon assault against Liber-alism. It underscores a commit-ment to the Scripturescharacteristic of America'swestward expansion in thenineteenth century as well asthe approach used to defendtraditional Christianity against

a number of aberrant theologies that were spring-ing up in America even before Darby first came toNorth America. Moreover, it brings laypeople intothe entire process of transmitting and defendingthe Christian faith.

Three emphases show the balanced format ofThe Fundamentak. Scripture is defended in29 articles, 31 treat other doctrines, and another30 contain personal testimonies, attacks on variantforms of unbelief, the relation of science andreligion, as well as appeals to evangelism andmissions. This approach, following the composition

30 FundamentalistJournal

of the editorial committee, provides a model forinvolving laypeople with professional scholars andclergy in spreading and defending the Christian faith.

Defense of the Scriptures forms the hub of theargument inThe Fundnmentals. Other doctrines com-prise a wider circle, and a series of practical and per-sonal applications make up an outer ring. The inspiredand inerrant Scriptures are foundational, and all other

BEING DOCTRINAL WITHOUT BEINGDOCIRINAIRE, THE FUNDAMENTALSARE A "COMMON.SENSE'' APPROACHTO THE CHRISTIAN FAITH.doctrines and applications are built upon thisfoundation. Being doctrinal without being doc-trinaire, The Funda.mentals are a "common-sense"approach to the Christian faith.

Five articles define the extent and proof of in-spiration of Scripture, the witness of Christ, whatScripture says of itself, testimony from the organicunity of the Bible, and the role of fulfilled prophe-cy. Fifteen articles deal with higher criticism, itshistory and interpretations of specific passages, theMosaic chapters of Genesis, modern negations ofScripture, the unitary authorship of Isaiah, and theBook of Daniel. Seven articles are concerned withthe value and witness of Scripture, and two treatarchaeological confirmation of the Bible.

The Princeton Calvinist view on the inspirationand authority of Scripture appears in these arti-cles, but it is incorrect to assume that Baptists andothers beyond the Presbyterian fold timidly fol-lowed it. At the "grass roots" level, a sentimentprevailed that was common to many groups ofMethodists, Baptists, Presbyterians, and othersfrom Virginia, New England, and Kentucky. It isseen in the slogan, "Where the Scriptures speak,we speak; where the Scriptures are silent, we aresilent."

Norman H. Maring, following an exhaustivestudy of the matter, shows that while Baptist be-lief in the inerrancy of the Bible was widespread,

the strict sense of the Princeton approach was ex-ceedingly rare among Baptists in America in theIate nineteenth century.

The second emphasis in The Fundnmentak has31 articles on other Christian doctrines. Of thirteencore articles, two deal with the existence of God,seven are concerned with Christ (His deity, VirginBirth, and Resurrection from the dead), and fourare apologetics for Christianity. These articles aremost judicious and well-argued. J.C. Ryle's arlicleemphasizes the universal church to the exclusionof the local church. This unusual emphasis sug-gests Darby's position on the church-not the viewof most Fundamentalists who are firmly committedto the Iocal church in its various denominationalexpressions.

Tlvo articles present God the Holy Spirit as apercon related to individuals rather than as a mereforce in the church. They reflect a Keswickinfluence. Fifteen others treat salvation, regenera-tion, sanctification, personal consecration, futurejudgment, and the premillennial return of Christ.Of these, only two articles deal with the premillen-nial return of Christ. Both were written by moder-ate rather than Dispensational Premillennialists.AII these areas reflect judicious restraint and balance.

THE FUNDAMENTALS PROVIDEA MODEL FOR INVOLVINGLAYPEOPLE WITH PROFESSIONALSCHOLARS AND CLERGY INSPREADING AND DEFENDING THECHRISTIAN FAITH.

The third emphasis in The Fundnmentalsincludes 30 articles dealing with practical applica-tion of doctrines. Personal rather than institutionalinvolvement is stressed. The first five volumesconclude with a personal testimony. Thereafter,seven articles attack false teachings: MillennialDawn, Mormonism, Christian Science, Spiritualism,

Roman Catholicism (2 articles), and Socialism.Five articles address the relationship of science tothe Christian faith. All but eight of the remainingarticles cover miscellaneous topics.

olume 12 has seven articleson evangelism and missionsand a list of "most in-dispensable books." Differ-ent lists of 15 books areprovided by nine Christianleaders: William J. Erdman,Charles R. Erdman. ClelandB. McAfee, James M. Gray,C.I. Scofield, W.H. Griffith-Thomas, John H. Hunter,R.A. Tbrrey, and John M.Maclnnis. They identify

basic tools to assist readers.In 1958 most of the original articles were re-

vised as The Fundnmentals fm TbdaA. In their80th year, the doctrinal themes of The Fundnmen-tals are as relevant as ever. By placing emphasis onessentials rather than nonessentials, they providea solid basis for responsible Christian libertywith diversity while unifying the Christian churchat its most common level. The Fundnmentakprovide a model of work and witness that has last-ing value.

The Fundnmentals blend a "common-sense"doctrinal approach with personal application builtupon the foundation of the inspired and inerrantScriptures. This approach has been used recentlyin the three summit meetings of the InternationalCouncil on Biblical Inerrancy. There the inspiredand inerrant Scriptures are foundational.Various doctrines must be based on the authori-tative Scriptures and reflect traditional Chris-tian doctrine. Personal and public applicationsand apologetic stances are to be drawn from thatcontext.

I lVilliam E. Nix is executive director of theHillcrest Institute and Career and Life ManagementSystems in Dallas, Tbxas, and of the LearningSkills Center in Dallas, lbxas, and La Jolla,California.

May 1989 31

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undamentals, like marriagevows, are foundational prin-ciples. They are, in the finalanalysis, what makes aChristian a Christian and nota Hindu, or for that matter, aLiberal in the nineteenth-century German tradition.This fact was so well-reasonedby John Grecham Machen(Chri.sti,anity and Li.beral-ism) that even Liberals hadto admit that historic

orthodoxy was on the side of the Fundamentalist."Make no mistake," admitted the Liberal KirsoppLake, "it is we [Liberals] who have departed fromthe tradition not [the Fundamentalists]" (7heReligi,on of Yesterday and Tbmorcou, p.61). Buteven to this day, Fundamentalists have to remindthe radical fringe of this fact.

The Christian church has always been interest-ed in the fundamentals of her faith. Luke tells ushe took up his pen to lay down the essential factsof the life and ministry of Jesus. Paul summarizessix "fundamentals" to Timothy, his young protege(1 Tim. 3:16). The early church, in its battles withcults, heretics, and schismatics, was compelled todraft, first, the Nicean (e.o. 325) and then theChalcedonian (e.o. 430) Creeds. To this day thesecreeds serve as standards of orthodoxy forProtestants and Catholics alike regarding thedoctrines of the Ttinity and the two natures ofChrist. Calvin's Insti,tutes were intended to explainfundamental principles every Christian shouldunderstand in order to interpret the Scripturescorrectly. Under Cromwell, in England, RichardBaxter, John Owen, and nine other clergy werecommissioned to draw up a catalog of fundamen-tals to be approved by Parliament.

For a hundred years or more Protestant Chris-tianity has been preoccupied with the fundamen-tals of the faith. This is not surprising, given thesituation inherited from the previous century. Inthe year that D.L. Moody died, Liberalism was atthe height of its power. From major academiccenters to Modernist pulpits, the very fabric oftraditional Christianity was being systematicallyshredded. The biblical account of Creation was

rejected in favor of Darwinism. The story of theFall of man in Genesis 3 was considered primitivefolklore. The Religion of the Old Testament took itsplace in the general evolution of the ancientworld. In the New Testament Jesus preached pro-found truths with a German accent. The father-hood of God, the brotherhood of man, and theinfinite value of the human soul were the greatdoctrines He was said to proclaim. With thismodern conception came a general suspicion of thesupernatural. The Virgin Birth and bodily Resur-rection of Jesus were incredible and His miraclesirrelevant. In theology we could no longer talk ofthe facts of Christianity, but only of values.

Devout Christians rightly discerned that theywere confronted with real heresy. The central pointwas that Religion was substituted for God. A.G. Hebertsummarizes: "The Old Testament was seen as theprimary source of materials for reconstructing theevolution of religion in Israel from animism topolytheism. . . to monotheism. The stories in Genesiswere ransacked for traces of primitive animism; inthe earlier history of Israel in Canaan, Yahweh wasworshipped as a tribal god like Chemosh of Moab. . . . Inall this, the point that was not seen was that thisreconstruction of biblical religion was poles apartfrom the faith which the men of the Biblebelieved. . . . The account which the Liberals gave ofthe course of the history was . . . falsified by theirmisunderstanding of the faith of the Bible"(Fundamentalism and the C hurch of Go d, pp. 78- 79).

During these dark days God moved upon thehearts of two wealthy laymen from California,Lyman and Milton Stewart. They established the BibleInstitute of Los Angeles (now BIOLA University).They founded the Stewart Evangelistic Fund.Robert Dick Wilson and W.H. Griffith-Thomas weresent out to the mission field to encourage missionariesin their faith. They funded the republication ofW.E. Blackstone's Jesus Is Coming, which warnedof perilous days ahead. But one of their mostambitious and long-lasting contributions was thepublication of a series of 12 pamphlets entitledThe Fundamentak: A Tbsti,mony of the Ttuth.

The Stewarts deposited a trust fund of $300,000with Ziles Kellogg of Los Angeles and J.S.McGlashan of Chicago, who were trustees of thefund. Thomas Stephens, editor of the MoodyChurch Herald, was the business manager.

These pamphlets were to be sent free of chargeto Christian workers around the world. The timehad come for a restatement of the fundamentals ofChristianity. Faithful believers were challenged topray daily for the work, that the truth might goforth and unbelief be overcome. Louis Meyerwrote, as he took over the work, that theirpurpose was threefold: to strengthen the saints,defend the truth, and convert sinners.

By the completion of the third volume the com-mittee had received over 10,000 letters of appreci-ation from all over the world. Even adversecriticism was received with encouraqement since it

May 1989 33

indicated they were scoring points against the enemy.In a preface to the last volume the "two lay-

men" reported that they had published and circu-lated over 2.5 million coples of the 12 volumes.

In addition, they had so many requests for theearlier volumes that they had to reprint an additional250,000 copies. In all, approximately 500,000 copieshad gone to various parts of Great Britain, anotherhalf million were sent to other foreign countries,and the remaining were sent throughout the UnitedStates. By this time the vast majority of Protestantmissionaries and Christian workers had received them.

These were extremely difficult days for Conser-vative Christianity. The impact of "Modernism," asit came to be called, was being felt everywhere.Just two years before the publication of TheFundnmentak, the Roman Catholic church hadcondemned all critical theories regarding the datesand origins of the biblical books and had excom-municated the chief exponents of such radical ideas.

A glance at the contributors to the first volume ofThe Fundamentals also shows the breadth of concernwithin Protestantism. These included James Orrof the United Free Church College, Glasgow;B.B. Warfield, Princeton Theological Seminary;G. Campbell Morgan, Westminster Chapel, London;R.A. Tbrrey, Bible Institute of Los Angeles;A.T. Pierson, well-known dispensationalist writer;Canon Dyson Hague of London, Ontario; andHoward Kelly, famous physician from Johns Hopkins,Baltimore. Other contributors to the series includedrepresentative leaders from among Episcopalians,Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterians. They includedtheologians, rectors, Egyptologists, authors, editors,vicars, chancellors, attorneys, evangelists, andmissionaries. The articles range from high scholarlyinteraction with Modernist views to personaltestimonies of conversion experience.

Their purpose was to defend the truth anddestroy error. Of the 90 essays, 4l are polemicsagainst higher criticism, evolution, socialism, andcontemporary cults. The remaining 49 are positivestatements of fundamental doctrines. The centraltheme throughout is Jesus Christ.

tewart Cole has aptly summa-rized the impact of The Fun-da,mentak in his Hi,story ofFund,amentalism. "The far-reaching influence of TheFundamentals can scarcelybe measured. The books werewelcomed by tens of thou-sands of churchmen. TheIanguage in which the themeswere delivered stirred insympathetic readers, first,anxiety for the well-being

of the historic faith, and then spirited defense ofthe old gospel. . . . During five of the six yearsthese publications were in process of dissemina-tion, frequent Bible and prophetic conferences

34 FundamentalistJournal

were interspersed throughout the country to fanthe flame of religious discontent into open reac-tionism. . . . The Fundnmenfols having accom-plished their leavening work, . . . conservativesbecame the fundamentalist movement."

hen Curtis LeeLaws, editor ofthe prominentBaptist paper TheWatchman-Erami,rwr; coinedthe word Fun-damentali,st in hiseditorial of July1920, it was ex-plicitly reminis-cent of TheFunda.mentals.

There he defined the term to describe those ready "todo battle royal for the fundamentals." He used theterm to speak of "aggressive conservatives" who werecalling for a return to the fundamental truths ofhistoric Christian faith. For him, this meant a returnto the ancient landmarks of strict Baptist life.

EVERY GENERATION STANDS IN THEGAP TO CONNECT THE PAST WITHTHE FUTURE.

During the war with Liberalism in the NorthernBaptist Convention, the central concerns had to dowith the authority of Scripture, the person andwork of Christ, and the reality of personal conver-sion. The millennial question was still very muchopen to debate among Baptists. (It is fair to saythat it still is!) Even though the editorial commit-tee of The Fundumentak was predominantly pre-millennial, there was a conspicuous absence of anyattempt to "push" this issue. Of the ninety articles,only three even treat the subject of the SecondComing of Christ at all. Despite Earnest Sandeen'sarguments to the contrary, the Millennium was nota central issue and was not included in the series,since it would tend to be divisive. The committeewas desirous of speaking for a united coalition ofConservatives. Curtis Lee Laws was safe in iden-tifying with this work, because it represented thefundamental core of which he was part.

The following year, when the Liberal Christi,anCentury redefined the term Fundamentali,sm tctrefer exclusively to millennialism "with a newname," Laws was understandably furious.Although the charge was not true, it was veryeffective. The identification with millennialismproved fatal to the Fundamentalist cause withinthe convention. By obscuring the real issues, theLiberals came off looking like Moderates, and theConservatives looked like Radicals. This ploy

worked to effectively break up the majority coali-tion of Conservatives. As a result, the Liberalsgained control and the convention was doomed.

odpy, the same battle is raging.Again the questions are thesame as those raised years ago,by Harry Emerson Fosdick andClarence E. Macartney: "ShallFundamentalism Win?" or"Shall Unbelief Win?" Thegame, unfortunately, is still thesame. Only the players havechanged. Inerrancy, the personand work of Christ, and thereality of personal salvationare st i l l the central con-

cerns of Fundamentalism. The legacy of Lyman andMilton Stewart still serves to light the way for thosewho choose to champion the cause of God and truth.

Francis Schaeffer was dying when he rose tostand before the students of Liberty University forthe last time. Looking across the packed audito-rium he labored to speak. There was a hush as wewaited to hear this man whose now frail bodyformed a living link between Old Fundamentalismand the New. We sensed what he already knew.Soon he would belong to the ages. This was hismoment. His mantle was in the feeble hand heraised over the anxious assembly.

"You," he said, "can changethe course of history."

Francis Schaeffer had walkedwith the Fathers of Fundamental-ism. His life and ministry incar-nated its highest ideals. Duringits darkest days he had held ittogether from his distant outpost.Having run well, having kept thefaith, he had one final task. Now,as his Lord had done centuriesbefore to an equally bewilderedgathering of followers, he wassaying, 'As my Fb,ther hath sentme, even so send I you." Everygeneration stands in the gap toconnect the past with the future.The apostle Paul voiced this truthand added to it when he said,'As a wise masterbuilder, I havelaid the foundation, and anotherbuildeth thereon. But. . . takeheed how he buildeth thereupon.For other foundation can no manlay than that is laid, which isJesus Christ" (1 Cor. 3:10-11).

Paradoxically, the Foundationis alreadg and not get laid. T'rue,the foundation is Jesus Christcrucified. But it is left to eachsuccessive generation to securethat same foundation for thenext. Fbilure to do this will result

in what Dale Moody once styled "a generation ofrootless wonders."

What Flancis Schaeffer taught us that day is as basicas the Great Commission. It is that the work of the"two laymen" along with the spiritual giants who havegone before served only to secure the foundationfor one more generation. The Spiritual Awakening ofthe seventies and eighties was the fruit of their greatwork, not ours. The true test of our success willbe measured by what we leave our children. TheFundamentalist movement is not about the preserva-tion of personal prejudice, but a commitment tohistory-that which is and that which is yet to be

THE FOUNDATION IS JESUS CHRISTCRUCIFIED, BUT IT IS LEFT TO EACHSUCCESSIVE GENERATION TO SECURETHAT SAME FOUNDATION FOR THE NEXT.made. It brings a cosmic perspective to all that wouldotherwise be rendered as meaningless as so muchstardust. It treasures the Foundation of truth andis committed to preserving it at all cost for those whocome behind.

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PROFILE

Kw@ WkKeeKmg&wwA Tlue Champion

he looked all alone, a slip ofa gir l in a wheelchairperched on a high platform

above the gathering of college stu-dents. No pulpit obscured the viewThe audience simply saw Eva, herchair, and her guitar.

Eva Whittingfon is unable tostand to address an audience; shehas never used a pulpit to hidebehind, or needed a lectern tograsp. She simply sits in her chairwith nothing between her and herlisteners-that is the way Eva likesit, the way she ministers best.

Eva is a simple Southern girl.Her conversation is punctuatedwith occasional "ya'lls" and similar-ly comfortable phrases. She is atease. Her sense of humor bubblesthrough where least expected, andthe tales she tells about growing upwith five brothers bring a happysense of camaraderie to themeeting.

'At 17 years of age I hadachieved all my dreams," she tellsher listeners. "But I realized thatalthough I had been led to Christ atan early age, I had never made HimLord of my life. I realized I had beenserving God with my head and seek-ing His hands-what He could do forme. I learned I needed to serve Godwith my heart and seek His face.Ttvo nights later, on a snowy road,I was in a car crash."

Eva learned she would neverwalk again. For over three monthsshe lived in the hospital and won-dered what terrible thing she haddone to deserve her fate. "I have ahard time believing God put me ina wheelchair," she admits, "but Iknow God uses things for good."

Cards and flowers surroundedEva in her hospital room, but shefound her bedroom at home to be

by Angela EIweII Hunt

36 FundamentalistJournal

"Who is Jesus to me?He's my seewity,

my hope,He's my comfofi,and the answer

to my questions,"

a lonely place. Her friends stoppedcoming by. Her boyfriend driftedaway. The once athletic girl neededhelp simply changing her clothes.

She found that she had losteverything that had given herpleasure-her friends, her fiance,basketball, and cheerleading. Ttviceshe tried to commit suicide. Finallyshe stopped trying to take her ownlife and simply gave it to God.

She enrolled as the first hand-icapped student at Gardner WebbCol lege and was the col legehomecoming queen in 1982. She

chose to major in music education,even though when she enteredschool she "didn't know a half notefrom a quarter note."

After graduation Eva had fourjob offers waiting. She chose towork with the Fellowship of Chris-tian Athletes. Today she overseesFCA in five North Carolina counties,and she often finds herself workingdirectly with public and privateschool coaches and students. She isan organizer and a planner, but sheoften takes time from her busyschedule to travel and speak togroups about the hope she hasfound in Christ.

She speaks an average of threetimes each week, and a few years agoshe spoke at her own high school'sgxaduation ceremony. Eva has learn-ed that if she is careful not to offendthe sensitivities of school principals,other doors open up to her. "Jesusis a gentleman," she says.

'At the end I always open it upfor questions and often people willask, 'Do you hate God?' or 'Do youblame God for anything?' Thenyou've got an open door and no-body can say anything because thestudent is asking your opinion."

Eva lifts weights and plays ten-nis in her free time, Her athleticawareness and abilities have beenan important part of her influencewith young people.

How important is athletics toyoung people? Eva laughs. "Justlook at the leaders in a school-justabout every one of them plays ath-letics at some time. Ask just aboutany young person what he'd like tobe when he grows up and he'll say,A pro athlete.' That's why I thinkFCA is so good. It's pumping themost positive thing into young peo-ple at a time when they are themost easily influenced. Sports andmusic are the two things really

r,ying for our young people's interest."Our young people need to be

challenged more, disciplined more,and of cource they need to be loved.The kids I work with always say, 'I

was told to do this, but nobody toldme why.'They don't see the reasonwhy. They need to be reminded thatprivilege carries responsibility."

Whenever she sees a young per-son or a coach who is hurting, Evashares about Jesus. "Who is Jesusto me? He's my best buddy in thewhole world. He's my security, myhope. He's my comfort when I'mdepressed, and the answer to myquestions.

"One high school football playerirked me to death. I had to beg Curtisto go to the FCA national conference-literally beg. One day I went upthere and found Curtis in the mid-dle of a Bible study. He got up outof the Bible study, ran straight overto me, and, big guy that he was, hehugged me, crying, 'Eva, you lovedme more than I loved myself. Youknew I needed this.'"

Eva also works with al lcoaches-saved and unsaved."Those coaches teach all day longand coach all night long. Many ofthem are hurting. They need to bereminded that their job is impor-tant. So many times they think,'The job is important if we win.' Butthat's not true. The job is importantbecause they are molding character.They need to be reminded of thatoften." Eva visits with them, dropsthem notes, and prays that she'll bethere if they need her.

Throughout her work, Eva triesto present Jesus as real. "I want toshow Jesus for who He is and re-veal His character, The Lord con-tinues to teach me that throughBible-reading we see Jesus as He is.Once you see Jesus as He is, nobodyhas to tell you what to do. You knowwhat to do-His Spirit will showyou. When you see Him high andlifted up, you know to fall down.

As the meeting draws to a close,Eva sings the story of the old violinat auction. The violin was practical-ly worthless until the fiddler pickedit up and played a beautiful tune.Eva's sweet and pure voice ringswith the truth of the song, "Theworthless violin became a preciousthing indeed-the violin is me." I

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May 1989 37

THUNDER IN THE PULPIT

John CalvinGreat Protestant Reformer

hose in the secu-lar world who donot know or love

God's Word have suc-ceeded in picturing JohnCalvin, the historical Re-former and leader ofGeneva in Switzerland.as a dour, joyless grinch.

As a result Calvin isone of the most neglect-ed figures on the stateuniversity campuses ofthe nation. Even Bible-believing Christians, whoshould know better thanto believe such a lieabout such an influentialChristian, frequently buyinto the vision of whatone scholar has called"the stony gpayness" towhich Calvin has been"so wrongly consigned."

No one who has hadthe privilege of feastingon the modern transla-tion of Calvin's master-piece, The Insti,tutns ofthe Christian Religi.on,by Ford Lewis Battles,could ever call Calvin or his writingsdull. Just to read what he has to sayin the opening pages about the earlyfathers of the church is to be im-pressed by the wealth and depth ofhis knowledge of Nstorical theology.

Since this month marks the325th anniversary of Calvin's death,and 1989 is also the 380th anniver-sary of his birth, Evangelical Chris-tians are fortunate that a state uni-versity professor who is thoroughlyat home in the Evangelical worldand one of the foremost Americanscholars of the Renaissance and

Reformation has recently complet-ed a new book on Calvin that helpsto rescue the great Reformer fromthe prison of neglect.

William J. Bouwsma, Sather pro-fessor of history at the University ofCalifornia, Berkeley, is the author ofJohn Calain: A Sirteenth CenturyPortrait (Oxford University Press,1988). Liberal Baptist theologianHarvey Cox of Harvard has said it"now stands as the best biographyof Calvin avai lable," thoughprospective readers need to realizethat it is an intellectual life,not a biography in the usual sense.

Even the Neu: York Times Book

This month isthe 325thanniversaryof the deathof John Calvin,the first and oneof the glreatestEvangelicaltheologians,most profoundbiblical thinkenand the subjectof an importantnew biographyby William J.Bouwsma.

Review, congenitallyblind to the enormousquantity of quality reli-gious writing Evangel-ical Christians produce,this past year includedBouwsma's book amongthe some 250 books itchooses annually ascandidates for thedozen best books of theyear.

Working closely with the H.H.Meeter Center for Calvin Studies atCalvin College and Seminary inGrand Rapids, Michigan, Bouwsmahas scoured parts of Calvin's enor-mous Iiterary output earlier biog-raphers neglected and discoveredfacts about Calvin that make virtu-ally every earlier account of his lifeinaccurate.

For example, Bouwsma finds inthe letters of Calvin indisputableproof that he was not the father ofjust one child who did not surviveinfancy, as other biogpaphies claim.

Calvin was almost born in theby Leslie R. Keylock

38 FundamentalistJournal

church. His father, Gerard Cauvin,was a combination of legal counseland office manager for the bishopof Noyon, a small town northeast ofParis almost halfway to the Belgianborde4 and John was, we now know,the fourth of five children, all sons.

Calvin's mother, Jeanne le Franc(or Lefranc), the daughter of aprosperous local innkeeper, diedwhen he was about 5, and his fatherremarried. Intending John at firstfor an ecclesiastical career, Gerardgot him financial aid from thechurch and arranged for his educa-tion with relatives of the bishop.

As soon as he had completed hiselementary education, Calvin leftfor the University of Paris, where hestudied liberal arts and received hisM.A. in L527 at the age of 18.

Calvin's father quarreled withchurch leaders and decided thatJohn should study law instead oftheology, so in 1528, while still ateenager, Calvin headed south ofParis to study law in Orleans andBourges under some of the top le-gal professors of the day.

When Calvin was 21, his fatherdied. He had been excommunicatedfor disobedience to church leaders,but the sons were nevertheless ableto get him buried in "holy ground."

John was now free to follow hisown interests, so he studied in Parisunder some of the greatest Hu-manists of the day and wrote a com-mentary on a work by the Romanphilosopher Seneca.

Though Bouwsma questions thefact, Calvin himself in later yearsexplicitly says he underwent a "sud-den conversion" sometime in 1532,though he does not give us anydetails.

Since many of the Humanistscholars who were his friends werebecoming "Protestants" at thistime, it is not at all unlikely that hebecame a believer in Christ at thatpoint. He appears to have helpedhis friend Nicholas Cop, the newlyelected rector of the University ofParis, write the notes for his orationon the feast of AII Saints thatdefended justification by faith. Socontroversial was that speech,however, that both Cop and Calvinwere forced to flee. Calvin was 23.

When in the following year hedecided to resign his posts in the

Catholic church, as had several ofhis friends, Calvin was actually ar-rested and jailed for heresy for twoshort periods.

He was clearly under some dan-ger, for he assumed the pseudonymMartianum Lucanius during the

When he decidedto resign his posts

in the Catholic ehureh,Calvin was arrested

and jailed for heresy.

time he later spent in Basel intenselystudying the Bible, theology, andthe early church fathers. He alsocompleted the first edition of hisInsti,tutes at this time.

First Stay in Geneva, 1536-1538. After further travel, Calvindecided to go with his brother An-tonie and his half sister Marie toStrasbourg or Basel to study. Warbetween France's King Francis I andthe emperor, Charles V, made himcircle south through Geneva, wherethe forceful Guillaume Farel per-suaded him that it was God's will forhim to stay and help the newly Prot-estant city.

The Church of Saint Peter,where Calvin was to give his com-mentaries on most of the books ofthe Bible, was the site of his firstlectures on Paul's letters. A yearIater the city magistrates electedhim a preacher, but they did notoffer him a salary!

Numerous controversies came toa head. however. when Calvin andFbrel wrestled with the newly elect-ed city council members over whohad the right to determine churchpolicy on such questions as excom-munication and the practice of theLord's Supper. Each side refused tocompromise, and the council finallybanished the Reformers and gavethem three days to leave the city.

Calvin spent the next three yearsin Strasbourg, where he becamepastor of the French refugee churchand traveled to Germany on a num-ber of important church confer-ences. He married Idelette de Bure,the widow of a man he had won

from Anabaptism. They had fourchildren, none of whom survivedmore than a few days, before shedied in 1549.

Return to Geneva, 1541. Politi-cal and religious chaos paralyzedGeneva until finally those who hadsupported Calvin returned to powerand called him back. From then un-til his death 23 years later Calvinwas what we would today call aworkaholic. Among the many de-bates he engaged in was thecelebrated examination of MichaelServetus for heresy, specifically,denial of the doctrine of the Thinity.Those today who are Calvin'sstrongest critics usually point to theburning of Servetus as an exampleof Calvin's bigoted intolerance.They usually forget, however, thathe had no political authority. Onlythose who had been born in Genevacould hold government office. Asmoderator of what came to becalled the Council of Pastors, Calvincould only give evidence that Serve-tus was a heretic. Though he pledfor a penalty less than death, theGenevan city council followed thestandard practice of the day forsuch heresy-burning at the stake.

Calvin's work load eventuallytook its toll. From 1558 on he wasin bad health, but he continued hispattern of one meal a day, almost300 sermons and 200 lectures ayea4 and about three hours of sleepa night. Suffering from a variety ofailments, he died about 8 p.m. onMay 27,1564, at the age of 54. ThusProtestantism lost one of thegreatest leaders it has ever had.

I Leslie R. Keylock is associateprofessor of Bible and theology atMoody Bible Institute in Chicago,and director of Moody Write-to-Publish conference.

When GhristGomes Backby John Calain

Jesus Christ must appear fromheaven. It is one of the basic con-victions of our faith.

His coming must not be useless.We should, therefore, Iook for

May 1989 39

it, wait for our redemption andsalvation.

We must not doubt that He willcome back. That would violate allthat our Lord Jesus Christ did andsuffered. Why did He descend intothis world? Why was He clothed inhuman flesh? Why was He exposedto death? Why was He raised fromthe dead and lifted into heaven? Itwas to gather us into His kingdomwhen He appears.

So the coming of our Lord is toseal and ratify everything He didand endured for our salvation. Thatshould be more than enough to giveus the strength to resist all thetemptations of this world.

But we are so weak we cannottrust what God says to us. So Paul in2 Thessaloniars 1:6-10 gives us anoth-er argument so we will be evenmore convinced. God, he says, "willdo what is right: he will bring suf-fering on those who make you suffeqand he will give relief to you whosuffer and to us as well. He will dothis when the Lord Jesus appearsfrom heaven with his mighty angels,with a flaming fire, to punish thosewho reject God and who do notobey the Good News about our LordJesus. They will suffer the punish-ment of eternal destruction, sepa-rated from the presence of the Lordand from his glorious might, whenhe comes on that Day to receiveglory from all his people and honorfrom all who believe. You too will beamong them, because you have be-lieved the message that we told you."

God will not, then, allow Himselfto be despised by those who scornthe gospel and pay no attention toHis heavenly majesty. He does notwant to let those He has createdresist Him. If God is that interestedin our salvation, we should beequally interested.

Yet we still are so full of distrustthat we continue to doubt.

When the Bible says that Godwill not permit His majesty to betrampled on by human beings,however, it should fill us with con-fidence. If God so joins His gory andour salvation, the two are insepara-bly tied together. Since God has toassert His majesty against the prideand rebellion of human beings, is itnot also infallibly certain that Jesuswill come back to give us release

40 Fundamental istJournal

and rest?Note that Jesus cannot maintain

the glory of His Father unlessHe declares Himself to be ourRedeemer. These things cannot beseparated. He cannot forget Hisglory, and He cannot forget oursalvation.

Jesus cannotmaintain the glory

of His Father unlessHe declares Himselfto be our Redeemer.

He cannot forgetHis glory, and

He cannot forgetour salvation.

When He uses His power to de-stroy those who resist Him, He willeven more so punish those whohave made His followers suffer un-justly.

This is what Paul means whenhe says that Jesus will come to pun-ish those who reject God and whodo not obey the Good News aboutour Lord Jesus. It is as if he said,"Here are your enemies who perse-cute you. Now will you questionwhether God notices your sufferingenough to pity you and apply theremedf Do you think God will nottake account of His glory and is notwilling to maintain it? Although op-ponents persecute you because youadhere to the gospel, God is yourprotector."

Paul says Jesus Christ will come"with his mighty angels, with aflaming fire." Wh54 So that the ene-mies of the truth will suffer theirpunishment before God and beforethe face of His majesty. We cannever understand what will be thetorment of unbelievers, such is thehorrible punishment prepared forthem. For since His majesty is ines-timable, their torment must also beincomprehensible to us.

In addition, when Paul speaks of"those who reject God and who donot obey the Good News about ourLord Jesus," he is speaking of all

those who do not wish to believethe gospel. If they protest that suchis not their intention, the deed issuch, all the same. In this way weare taught that we cannot serveGod acceptably unless in the firstplace we believe the gospel and ac-cept all that is contained there tohumble us. In short, faith is theprinciple service that God asks ofus. Faith is not simple assent of themind to what we are taught, butalso we must bring the heart andthe affections. For if we were onlyconvinced that the gospel is areasonable doctrine and meanwhilewe did not at all relish it andperhaps it even displeased and an-gered us, would that be obedience?Certainly not.

Let us learn, then, in order toobey God, not only to regard thedoctrine of the gospel as good andholy, but to love it, and also to joinreverence with love.

Also, Paul says that when Christreturns, it will be "to receive gloryfrom all his people and honor fromall who believe." Paul does not addthis sentence without cause. Forwho are we to endure the presenceof the Son of God when He comesin burning fire and flames? WhenHe comes with strength beyond ourunderstanding, alas! shall we notmelt before Him like snow in thesun? Shall we not be reduced tonothing? Even the mention of thisdivine glory of Jesus Christ wouldbe enough to sink us into thedepths. But Paul shows us that if weare of the number of the faithful,and we believe the gospel today, wedo not need to fear when JesusChrist appeam, nor be frightened bythe majesty that will then be shin-ing in Him.

And how is this? Because, Paulsays, Jesus will come to receiveglory from all His people and honorfrom all who believe.

How are we worthy that the Sonof God should thus unfold Hismajesty and show Himself withsuch terror against those who areHis creatures? We certainly are not,but He wills to do it because Heloves us.

I Adapted from The DeityChri,st. Copyright 1950, WilliamEerdmans Publishing Company.

ofB.

Single conti,rtu,ed from page 25

tempts with the manager had notachieved a result, but-aggravatingas it was-the presence of a manwas all that was needed.

olnclude the children of singleparents in your activities. Even girlsneed to know how to fish!

rPray for the single parent ifyou see discipline problems and, ifyou must confront them, do it inlove.The God Who Is. . . Where?:Spiritual Crises

Nothing tested my faith andcommitment to the Lord as much asbeing a single parent. As JoniEareckson Tada says, "a goodsplash of ice-cold suffering" canwake us out of our spiritual slum-ber. My greatest spiritual battleswere with worry and fear-aboutsickness, burglaries, fire, the unex-pected. As Mark Twain said, "Ihave known a great many troublesin my time, but most of them neverhappened." Worry was a giant Ihad to conquer.

As I learned to trust God, I sawHe often met my needs in the mostunexpected ways. At times I longedfor the phone to ring and hearsomeone say, "What can I do tohelp you?" I learned to repeat, "Mysoul, wait thou only upon God; formy expectation is from Him"(Ps. 62:5). I was God's responsibili-ty. I could tell Him my needs and letHim provide the answer.

One difficult responsibility forme was making important decisionsalone. I had always thought thiswould be fun, and it was-for abouttwo weeks. Then it became fright-ening. We all need the security ofaccountability. It helped me to real-ize God was my husband (Isa. 54:5)and I could discuss my needs withHim in prayer.

Having a consistent devotionaltime was a struggle, even though Iknew it was essential to my spiritual survival. I would not haveattempted what seemed The Im-possible had I not known a personaltime with God was my lifeline tosingle-parent sanity.

Another important victory wasin learning to accept my limitations.One day I noticed the piano wouldlook better if it were moved just

two inches to the right. I pushed. Ipulled. It would not budge. I stoodback to take another look anddecided I liked it just the way it was!What the Single Parent Can Do

oKeep ajournal to record yourstruggles and blessings. It is a safeway to vent your thoughts and feel-ings, and will encourage you as yousee how God has met your needs.

oDon't forsake church atten-

dance, even when getting the chil-dren ready and out the door seemslike a monumental task. Begin pre-paring Saturday night if necessary.

olook up all the passages in theBible relating to widows or thefatherless. These special promiseswill be a source of strength as yourecognize your uniqueness to God.What the Church Can Do

.Assure the single parent of

Aduertiserlent

o

o

o

o

O

a

O

O

O

O

o

Court WatchA monthly analysis and update on court rulings on matters of religionand public policy.

More and more cases involving churcly'state matters are ending up incourt. A number of court rulings have encroached on religious free-dom for many years now. Cunent cases before different courts in theland touch on almost every aspect of religious life.

This newsletter will distill and consolidate all the information and pro-vide analysis by some of the best judicial scholars in the nation.

Court Watch keeps you up to date on major judicial rulings concern-ing churcty'state issues and related matters; church schools, taxation issues,school and public prayer, religious symbols on public land, religious issuesin textbooks, creationism, etc.

Analysis of what each ruling means, what effect it will have on churchesand society.

Backgound on judges and each judicial circuit. (Some are much morehostile to religious issues than others.)

Status of pending cases. Which circuit cases are in. If rulings are beingappealed. What chance.s are of a successful appeal.

Subscribers receive telephone number where they may request informa-tion about a specific case. If the information carurot, for any reason,be relayed in a newsletter, an individual response will be given.

Judicial outrage of the month. Our courts have not been the institu-tions of uncommonly wisdom. A brief review of each month's outra-geous ruling.

Current newsletter focuses mainly on the upcoming Supreme Court rulingwhich may modify or overturn the infamous Roe vs. Wade abortion de-cision. (According to court watchers, there may be a few surprises.)Other cases covered include the l lth Circuit court ruling prohibiting in-vocations before high school football games; ruling instructing a teacherto remove a Bible from his desk. (Other literature was allowed.) Cur-rent April newsletter is free with subscription.

Subscription $40 a year. Court Watch, P.O. Box 5051, Inverness, FL32650

your prayers. Ask to be informed ofspecific prayer needs. One womanpromised to pray for me for a yearafter my husband's death. I count-ed on her prayers

oSit with the single parent inchurch and help with the childrenif needed, so he can worship witha minimum of interruptions. It maybe the only such time of the weekfor peaceful meditation on the Lord.

oShare meaningful Christianbooks from your home library thathave helped encourage you in yourChristian walk.

The church and the single parentplay important roles in their mutu-al success. The efforts put forth bythe church family will be gfeatly ap-preciated, and those who make thateffort will be blessed as the instru-ment through which God's faithful-ness has been expressed.

I Donna Maclean is a free-lancewriter in Federal Way, Washington.

Wife continued front, page 27

a face layered with fear. The eyesshe saw knew they had done theunforgivable: she had gone againsther husband's expressed will. At thesound of breaking glass from thebanquet hall, she cried out anddropped the mirror. Two tearsformed shiny rivulets down her face.

Suddenly she slapped her dress-ing table. No. If this i,s to be my la,stni.ght, then it ui.Il be a ni,ght of themind and the spirit, not a night ofqui,uering tears. I haue dorw u;hathnd tn be dnne. I hnue saued, thn LiuesoJ a hundred peoTsle. If I am to go,I usill go uith prid,e i,n my actiorts.

First she bathed, then gatheredher best clothes. Finally, shekneeled on the balcony and spoketo her God about her life. It was aprayer interrupted by long silences,but silences built on the confidenceand memories of the Sacred Writ-ings she heard at feast days and inher own home. Although therewere questions, they were not

accusations. She felt no sense oftime. The stars moved at the paceof a burning candle. Her hands layfolded and steady in her lap as shewatched the glow in the eastern skygradually open to suffuse her bal-cony. . . and the banquet hall. Thesun was high before the door to thebanquet hall slammed open, and adisheveled Nabal staggered downthe hill.

Abigail's smile was almost pity-ing as she rose and walked fromher balcony.

So Dauid receiued of her handthnt u,tluinh shn hnd, brought hirn, andsaid unto her, Go up i,n peace tothirw house; see, I haue acceptedthyperson. And Abigai,l canne to Nabal;and, behold, he held a feast in hi,shouse, li,ke the feast oJ a ki,ng; and,Nabal's heart u;as vnerrA usithinhim, for he was aerg dtrunken:u:herefore she told hi,m rnthi,ng, Inssor nlore, until the morning li,ght.But it came to pass in the morning,when the wine usas gone out ofNabal, and his wife had told hi,mthese thirrys, that hi.s heart di.edwi,thin hi,m, and he became as astorrc. And it came to pass about tendays after, that the Lord smoteNabal, thnt hE di,ed. And u,th.en Dauidhpardthat Nabalwas dnad, h.e said,Bl,essed, be the Inrd, that hath pkad-edt]rc cause of mg reproonhfromth,ehnrd, of Nabal, anl, hnth kept his ser-uant from eai,l: for the Lord hathreturned the usi,ckedness of Nabalupon hi,s ou;n head. And Dauid sentand, com,manBd with Abigail, b takeher to hi,m to u,tife. And when theseruants of Dauidu)ere corne to Abi-gail to Ca;r-rnel, they spake unto h.er,sayi,ng, Daui,d sent us unto thee, totake thee to hi,m to u:iJe. And, sheairose, and bowed herself on her faceto the earth, and sai,d, Behold, letthine handmaid be a seraant towash the feet of the seraants of rnAIord. And Abigail hastened, andarose, and rod,e upon an ass, withfiue dnmsek of hers that u:ent afterher; and she u,rcnt after the rlessen-gers of Daui,d, and became his usife.

I Jack Boyd is a professor of mu-sic at Abilene Christian University,Abilene, Texas. This article will ap-pear in his book One God, OnnWoman, to be published by AbileneChristian University in 1990.

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Adoption continued from page 17

help a neglected child or to inhibitthe population growth. There areagencies that will work'with you,and you can begin to find them bysearching your yellow pages.Remember-most agencies are try-ing to find homes for children, notchildren for homes.

Children are children, no matterwhat their bodies are like, whatcolor their skin is, or where theyhave come from. All children needperrnanency and consistency, and nomatter what your situation, if youcan provide those things, there willbe an agency willing to talk to youabout adopting one of their waitingchildren.

If you want to adopt a child toprovide a playmate for your biologi-cal children or to replace a child youhave lost through death or divorce,think again. Each child deserves tobe adopted just for himself, not be-cause of any other child's influenceor role. Any good social worker

will try to discern why parents wantto adopt, and they will be consider-ing the child's best interests.

While you are pondering yourreasons for adoption and parent-hood, perhaps you should considerthat God may intend for you to re-main childless. Recently, I had theopportunity to interview RexellaVan Impe, wife of the well-knownevangelist Jack Van Impe.

When I asked Dr. and Mrs. VanImpe if they had children, there wasan awkward silence. Dr. Van Impeshook his head no. "We have a cat,Finaca," he joked.

I would have ignored the silenceand moved on, but Rexella stopped."Could I add something about hav-ing children? It is not God's will thatI have children. He had somethingdifferent for me. There's only onething better than having the normalthing, and that's having God's willfor your life. I could never get upfrom my knees after beggi,ng forchildren until I put that as a tag onthe end of my prayer, 'But, God,

more than anything, I want Yourwill.' So He gave me His will, andthat was to be childless and barrenas far as the physical, but He's givento us thousands upon thousands ofspiritual children. That was the bet-ter thing for our house."

Through infertility you may findthat adoption is a higher calling, alarger challenge to call on God'sgrace. You may decide to meet thechallenge medically or throughfoster parenting. Or like Rexella VanImpe, you may learn that you are tobe a spiritual parent alone. But nomatter how infertility is viewed, itis a condition that strikes at thedeepest heart of those who ex-perience it. But you and your spousecan face anythingGod allows-if youface it together.

I The Hunts are the parents of twochildren adopted from Korea.Victor Books recently releasedAngela Hunt's Tlre Adopti,onOption, a practical guidebook foranyone interested in adoption.

Z Ptease send me information about Wotd of Life Bible lnstitute's unique one-year cotlege prqgram.

GhristianEducation-At WhatGost?by Tim and Beaerly LaHaye

All over the countrywe find that rising tuitionmakes it difficult for manysingle-income families toafford to send their chil-dren to a Christianschool, even when it isrun by their own church.Should a Christianmother work outside thehome if that is the onlyway the family canfinance their children'stuition costs at Christianschool?

There are really twoanswers to that ques-tion. First, consider theage of your children.There is no real substi-tute for "mother con-stancy" during the firstfew years of a child'slife. So, if any of yourchildren are preschoolers,or unless you have animmediate family mem-ber to provide childcare, you should trustGod to provide anothermeans to enable yourolder children to attenda Christian school.

Perhaps you could

work part time, or workat home, or apply fora school scholarship,or even adhere to atighter budget thateliminates other, lessimportant things. Butyoung children need amother to be with themwhen they get homefrom school. Until tu-ition tax credits orvouchers are made possi-ble for Christian schools,most parents will haveto sacrifice dearly toprovide their childrenwith the Christianeducation that is becom-ing a greater necessityevery year.

Second, how impor-tant is the mind of yourchild? It is all but impos-sible for your child notto be influenced bywhat he learns and fromwhom he learns it dur-ing those 35 hours eachweek (or 1,365 hourseach year) in school.

Fifty years ago, thatwas not as crucial as itis today. Most teachers(the third most influen-tial people in the life ofa child) were basicallysupportive of the valuesyou teach at home andat church. That is nolonger true. Tbday, manyteachers are "changeagents" who want touse the public schools tofill the minds of theircharges with humanisticand secular thoughtsthat are hostile to Chris-tianity and your moralvalues.

If your child's mind isimportant to you (andnext to his soul, hismind should be numbertwo), you should be will-ing to pay any price toprovide your "preciouspossession" with a good,Christian education. I

I Don't Suppose I'maVery Classy Woman

he "Cosby" showwas over. My family

and I had watchedClaire Huxtable handleher usual lawyerly af-fairs, her family crises,and five individual chil-dren. At day's end sheregally reclined on thecouch and with a gen-teel "come hither"gesture enticed her hus-band, Cliff, to snugglewith her. There she sat,after a demanding andhectic day, cheek-to-cheek with her doctorhusband in his designersweater.

"She's too classy tobe real," I announced tono one in particular.

My husband raisedhis eyebrows. "I mean,have you ever thoughtabout it?" I continued."There's not a real

mother alive who is thatclassy."

I don't suppose wemothers can help it. Un-classiness is simply anoccupational hazard.

Classy women nevershow their toes in pub-lic. Real mothers go bare-foot as often as they can.

Classy women are al-ways dressed up. Realmothers don't combtheir hair before lunchon Saturday, and theywear their paintingclothes around thehouse if no one is com-ing over.

Classy women neveryell. Real mothers getexcited and scream theirheads off when theirkids are bleeding, play-ing in a football game, ordoing something theyare not supposed to do.

. .. t\l

, , . a -

Er."

Fundamentalist Journal

Classy women readonly newspapers andl0-pound books on theNeu York Times best-seller list. Real mothersread the comics firstthing in the morning andpicture-books at bed-time. All other readingcomes from dog-earedbooks about how to feedand discipline their chil-dren properly.

Classy women do noteat leftovers from theirchildren's plates or lickthe spoon after mixingchocolate icing. Realmothers do, and con-sequently gain two poundsper child per year forthe rest of their lives.

Classy women cookexotic entrees like lamband goose. Real mothersmake tons of spaghetti,order truckloads of pizza,and know that thin ham-burgers are more popu-lar than fat ones.

Classy women neverlose their dignity. A realmother lets her kidsdance outside in the rainif it's not thundering,

and she will even dancealong if the neighborsare out of sight.

Classy women don'tcry as they look throughbaby pictures or watchtheir kids get shots atthe doctor's office. Suchthings turn real mothersinto blubbering idiots.

Classy women neversay words like potty.Real mothers will yellthem at home, butwhisper them discreetlywhen the family eats out.

Classy women don'tever sit cross-legged on thecouch and watch tele-vision, Real mothers slumpin front of the televisionoften and know all thecharacters on "SesameStreet," "Mr. Roger'sNeighborhood," and'Alf."

Classy women don'tknow the words to thealphabet song and "IfYou're Happy and YouKnow It." Real motherswill sing these songs any-where, anytime, withouta shred of embarrassment,if singing will keep the kidsfrombeating on each other.

Classy women don'tknow how to change di-apers, feed a bullfrog,or stop a nosebleed. Realmothers know about theseimportant things, eventhough they may notknow what's happeningon Wall Street with theDow Jones Average.

I used to want to bea classy woman. I spenthours designing my hair,my wardrobe, my man-ners. I thought it wasimportant that a Christi-an woman radiate theelegance of a daughterof the King. But thentwo little childrenbounced into my life andmy priorities suddenlyshifted. It became moreimportant

to raise happy, healthy, patted her sweaty sideGod-fearing children. and decided I would en-

Last month my joy the day evendaughterandlandseveral though I was tired, hot,other kids signed up for and surrounded by buzz-a trail ride on horseback. ing flies and"What's the name of squealing kids. I held mythis horse?" I asked as I head high-I was asswung into the saddle. close to Classy as I had

Our guide grinned. been in years."Classy."

What a horse. I I Angela E. Hunt

conditions and prices,their salary was notsufficient for theirneeds. But they resolvedto trust the Lord tosupply, without appealingto their mission board.

One daughter was in-dignant at their inadequateincome, but the Goforthsassured her that "totrust God for what was

in Australia. The letterenclosed 50 pounds, 30to be used for work inChina, but 20 for per-sonal needs.

Mrs. Goforth handedthe letter to her daugh-ter, saying, "Shall wenot believe that God willundertake for us? Itseems to me as if ourFather were beside us

Supply Every Needllosalind Goforth,I f wife of the greatpioneer missionaryto China JonathanGoforth, was a prayerwarrior in her ownright. She firmly be-lieved and faithfullyproclaimed, "There isnothing too greatfor God's power.There is nothing

answered Rosalind Gotorthprayer."

In Hou; I Know GodAnsuters Prayer, Mrs.Goforth recorded numer-ous remarkable petitionsand answers. Here is oneof them.

Returning to Canadaat the time of WorldWar I, the Goforthsfaced a great financialcrisis. Because of war

May 1989 45

y mother wasterribly old-

fashioned. I loved hervery much, of course,and still do-but frankly,I don't know how I sur-vived my childhood. Shemade me pick up mytoys every night beforeshe would tell me a bed-time story. Can you imag-ine the damage done

to my sensitivepsyche? She refused toallow me to express my-self by finger-paintingon the walls, and sheinsisted I behave in thegrocery store. Mysiblings and I werenever driven to school-Mom believed in thevirtue of walking.And our menus werealways the sameboring meat-vegetable-

potato combination.(Candy, soda, and chipswere reserved for specialoccasions.) Sometimes Ifelt like a penitentiaryinmate.

As I grew (you'll findthis unbelievable). I wasexpected to wash dishes,run the vacuum, lend ahand with the laundry,and even keep my room

tidied. My old-fashioned motherrefused to recognizethat I had moreimportant thingsto do. Instead, sheinsisted on show-ing me how tocook, clean, andmend. If she hadmanaged her owntime more ef-ficiently, shewouldn't havehad to run aslave-labor camp,but no, she wasalways visitinga sick neighbor,stitching paja-mas on the oldsewing machine,or giggling onthe front porchwith Dad. Sonaturally, we

kids got stuck.In addition to our

chores, we were also ex-pected to do well atschool. Unlike so manvmodern parents,however, my motherseemed mainly con-cerned with our be-havior grades and howhard we were trying inclass. None of us wasever given a reward ofmoney or gifts for earn-ing an A or B. With her

attitude, I'm surprisedwe managed to do aswell as we did.

To be honest, mymother did not have theslightest idea how toraise children, and Icould never understandwhy my friends liked tohang around our house.Mother told us the silli-est stories about herown childhood and wasforever helping us to puton plays, pop corn, ormake paper dolls fromthe mail-order catalogs.Our basement graduallybecame the neighbor-hood meeting place be-cause, obviously, Momwanted to spy on us. Myfriends seemed to loveit, but of course I washumiliated. What girlwants her mother insuch close proximity, es-pecially one as old-fashioned as mine?

If she had devotedherself to an outsidecareer, maybe life wouldhave been less dreary.Each of us could havehad our own personaltelevision set, instead ofhaving to gather aroundthe battered console inthe living room. Wecould have visited exoticlocales on vacations. Butno, Mom preferred tolimit herself to doingDad's secretarial work,taking occasional knit-ting classes, and playingwith our baby sister. Sheseemed happy, but therewere always too manybills, and as far as I wasconcerned she complete-ly wasted her potential.

There were other

Just an Old-Fashioned Mom

saying, 'My child, takethis hundred dollars asan earnest of what I amgoing to do for you."'

With tears in hereyes, the daughter

passed the letter backand said. "Mother. wedon't trust God halfenough! "

I Bernard R. DeRemer

The above-mentioned book as Indiana 46576. Jonathanwell as others by Jonathan Gqforth is available fromand Rosalind Goforth are Bethany House Publishers,available from Bethel Publish- 6820 Auto Club Road, Min-ing, 1819 S. Main, Elkhart, neapolis, Minnesota 55438.

46 FundamentalistJournal

they feel, for I had thevery same problem. Mymother was outrageouslyold-fashioned, and Ithank God for that everyday. She had the courageof her convictions, thelove to see them through,and the wisdom to knowthat eventually her chil-dren would understand.

Someday I hope to bejust like her.

I Joan W. Anderson

problems, too, especiallyas I reached my teens.My mother had to knowwhere I was going, whoI was going with, andwhen I would be home-every time I left thehouse, but especially if Iwanted to drive the car.And in addition to weeklychurch attendance andvisiting the elderly rela-tives, my siblings and Iwere also expected toearn extra money bybaby-sitt ing or workingafter school to help with

our expenses. With allthe restrictions sheheaped on us, I wonderthat we had any fun at all.

Ttue, my mother wasnever too busy to talkwith me, but her viewson life were so archaicthat our conversationwas usually pointless.She regarded lying andstealing as wrong, smokingas foolish, underagedrinking as illegal, drugsand premarital sex asdangerous and immoral.Largely due to her

eighteenth-centuryattitudes, I reached adult-hood wi lhout ever beingarrested, expelled fromschool, or getting intoserious trouble of anykind. In fact, I enjoyedlife wholeheartedly,loved God, and had manyfriends. Obviously, I'dbeen severely repressed.

Now I'm married withchildren of my own, andsometimes they regardm,e as repressive and be-hind the times. I can un-derstand exactly how

Tou Onl.y Haue One Mother T

We only haue one mother,Patient, \ind, and vue,No other friend in all

the worldWill be so true to you.For all her love

and \indnessShe as(s nothing in return,Should all the world

forsa\e youTo mother )ou can turn.

Many sleepless hoursyou'ue caused her

tVhen you were cross or ill.Mony a tear she's shed

for youTho, grown you cause them

still.So euery time you leave herOr whether )ou corne or go,Giue her a fund word

and a \iss.h's what she craues I \now.

Tou can only haue onemother,

|t{one else can ta\e her place.Tou will \now how much

you need herWhen you miss her louing

face.

Be careful how youanswer her,

Choose euery word you sa1.Rrmember she is stdll

your motherTho she be growing gray.

Tou can only have one mother,O ta\e, her to your heart.Tou cannot tell how soon

the timet*hen death you two will part.Many heortaches )ou'ue

caused herWhile you were out in sin.Many a prayer she's breathed

for 1ou,That God would bring you in.

Let her \now you loue herdearly,

Cheer and comfort hereach day.

Tou cannot find anothermother

Ylhen she has passed awayWen death has claimed her

monal bodyAnd she's at rest beneath the sod,Rrmember all her louing counsel,And the appeal for you,

she's made to God.

Composed by L.G. Mullirs on Mother'sDay 1944, F'latwoods, Kentucky.

Help! I Need AMother's Club

f n th is age of scal leredf families and stand-offish neighbors, a wom-an flounders looking formothering insights andclose friendships. Thecoffee klatches of yearsago, where motherslearned the art of raisingchildren from each other,no longer exist. Manywomen cannot dependon their husbands tomeet all their fellowshipneeds-fostered by theisolaticln

of constant conversationwith preschoolers. WhenI was caught in just thatsituation, a mothers'club at a nearby churchprovided a forum forproblem solving, a sourceof friendships, and asiesta from mothering.

Why have a mothers'club? Mothers' clubshelp women practicescriptural commands.Through the catharticlaughter over little Jim-my's coloring

May 1989 47

on the wall, a motherreleases the hostilitiesthat build up and turnher into a screamer. In-stead, mothers en-courage one another inlove and good works(see Heb. 10:24).

Few churches findways to implement Paul'sadvice to Titus that olderwomen should "teachthe young women. . . tolove their husbands, tolove their children" (Titus2:4). Within this informalformat those with godlyattitudes and approachesbecome apparent andsoon hold mentor posi-tions. These advisors maynot necessarily be older,but through reading booksor watching their ownparents they have ac-quired greater maturity.

Families uproot fre-quently at the earlystages of marriage, andcouples easily drift awayfrom the Lord as theytry to find a churchhome "like the old one."A mothers' club furnish-es an opportunity tohelp women establishtheir commitment both

to the Lord and to theirfamilies.

Mothers' clubs usuallymeet on weekdays, sowomen do not have totake special weekendtime from their husbands.

What makes themwork? Group participationand consistent child careoutrank all other factors.The group membersmust be able to interactwith each other. Avaried calendar meetsdivergent needs: craftprojects, field trips,roundtable discussionswith ministers, cake-decorating classes, exer-cise sessions, churchkitchen cleanup, bikerides and bowling, spe-cial speakers, finance ornutrition discussions.Bible studies, recipesharing, and serviceprojects.

A two-hour sessioncan be split betweenstudy and play, butwhatever the program,an uninhibited at-mosphere of confidencewithin the group promotessharing. Changing chair-women for programs, de-

votions, and baby-sittingevery six months en-sures a variety andprecludes burnout.

Care of the little oneslooms large in impor-tance, for a mother whocomes expecting relieffeels demoralized ifpressed into baby-sittingservice instead. A sug-gested minimum contri-bution for child careenables the mothers topay a group baby-sitter,thus lightening the taskof procuring sitters. Askchurch members to sug-gest possible sitters suchas Social Securityrecipients, unemployedmothers, or lonelygrandmothers.

How does a churchstart one? Discuss theidea with severalmothers. After receivinga favorable response,form a nucleus to spon-sor a Saturday get-together (so dads canbaby-sit). Send invita-tions to anyone whomay be interested. Forthe introductory meet-ing, choose a program tocreate interest-perhaps

a grandiose tea, a house-warming, or a specialspeaker. Designate partof each meeting for de-votions and prayer, toclarify your purpose andgoals and to set the tonefor the meetings.

To identify needs inyour program, evaluatethe group every fewmonths. Ask the groupwhat program they wouldlike to repeat, what pro-gram they would neverwant repeated, whatprograms should beadded, and whatchanges should be made.

Blessings of mothers'clubs spill over intoother areas, such asseasonal couples' activi-ties that provide a non-threatening atmospherefor unbelieving hus-bands. Most importantly,at a time when mothersoften burn out from lowself-esteem and apathy,they find their leader-ship abilities, their inter-personal relationships,and their commitment tothe Lord flourishing.

) Jan Johnson

Thapped at the Bottomof the Sea, by Frank E.Peretti, is a stirring ad-venture for juniors, withan emphasis on the for-giveness and provisionsof God.

The author presents afamily struggling over

the loss of the mother.In the midst of theirdespair, the ties betweenthe father and daughterslowly deteriorate. The girlis sent away. Her plane ishijacked, and ultimatelycrashes in the sea.

While trapped at thebottom of the sea, the girlrenews her faith in Godand love for her father.Despite life-threateningcircumstances, Godmiraculously brings thefamily back together(Crossway Books, 144pp., $4.94).

1 Lorrie M. Arrington

Family BookshelfFamily fime Bible

Stories by Anne de Graaf.Detailed illustrations andsimple language makeGod's Word come alive inthis set of six books. Herethe author covers thetime period from Creationthrough the days of thejudges. She emphasizesthe great love God had forHis people and brings tolife the ways God tookcare of these specialchildren through theyears, always giving

them the choice be-tween doing good andbad, always wantingthem to become all theywere meant to be.

These stories are short.Young readers can readthem on their own, orparents can use them fordevotions with the non-reader. An excellentresource for the Christianhome (Zondervan Books,about 31pp. ea., $4.95 ea.).

I Jean Beck

48 FundamentalistJournal

THE ADOPTION OPTIONby Angela Elwel l Hunt

This book is full of encouraging,hopeful information about theadoption process for inf'ertile cou-ples. The Adopti,on Opt'iort, is both ahandbook and a persclnal recount-

ing of the au-thor 's s tory inadopting two in-ternational chil-dren.

Angela Huntg i ves coup lesvaluable data todigest as theysearch God's wil l

for their families. With numerous il-Iustrations, she unfolds touchingpersonal struggles, allowing thereader to feel the deep sadness acouple experiences when they real-ize they are infertile-and the joy

and love they feel when the babiesfinally come. The most practical ap-plication about the book is thestress on commitment in child-rcaring.

The 1l chapters cover a widerange of subjects, including homestudy, the wait, facing the public,and the future of adoption.

Although the book is not exclu-sively for couples considering inter-national adoption, it does concludewith a challenge to consider inter-national adoption. Christian fami-l i es exposed to t he adop t i onexlrerience, and those consideringadoption, wil l benefit from thisbook. The author expresses her ownf'eelings throughout, yet the book isbalanced with impressive research,including a thorough list of adoptionagencies. This is a serious guide ofresource information on adoption(Victor Books, 150 pp. , $5.95) .Melanie Lockard

r i I i r i r t l , l r l i r , ; j l l l t r : r j : j

PARENT POWERby David R. Mi l ler

In an age when children controlparents, undermine their authority,and usurp their power, Parent Rtuerreminds us that God gives parentsthe authority to raise their children.

All too often par-ents lose thei rauthority by giv-i ng i n t o t hechild's whims ordesi res, opt ingfor the least time-consuming andmost convenientmeans of disci-

pline, or following the advice of "ex-perts" with whom they disagree.

David Miller encourages parentsto focus on God, the source of allpower. "Being a godly parent meansthat we are sensitive to the still sma,llvoice of God as He speaks to usabout our children. . . . Power inChristian parenting results from be-ing the kind of parent God wouldhave us be. Power in Christianparenting is knowing what is expect-ed of us. Power in Christian parent-ing worksl" (p. 23).

Parent Poue:r contains a wealthof information for those seeking as-sistance in the child-rearing process.David Miller covem each stage of de-velopment, from parenting the veryyoung, to school-age children, kidsin the "tween" years, and theteenager. He presents the charac-teristics of each stage in a cogent,concise manner, followed by recom-mendations for dealing positivelywith specific, common problems.

The author encourages parentswho feel they have already failedand that it is too late to retrieve

An excerpt fromTHE ADOPTION OPTION

Many people who do not un-derstand adoption cannot seemto accept the fact that when youadopt a child, you are the legal,moral, spiritual, and emotionalparents. There's a beautiful poemfamil iar to many adopt iveparents:

Not flesh of my fleshNor bone of my bone,But still miraculously my own.Never forget for a single

minute,You were not born under my

heart but tt thrror,,r*o,r.

Rearing, disciplining, and nur-turing a child in a godly home in-volves a lifetime of commitment.Adoptive parents earn the title of"mother" and "father."

We've also had people comeup and shake our hands and say,"We think what you're doing isso admirable." If they want tothink I'm a saint, that's fine, butthe simple truth is that we need-ed our children fully as much asthey needed us. We're not heroes.We don't have the means or theknowledge to rid the world of or-phans and unwanted children.Our desire to have these childrenwas not totally unselfish. Theircoming filled deep needs anddesires within us.

May 1989 49

their power. He offers assistance forlocating the sources of the poweroutage-a prerequisite for correct-ing the problem. Once the sourcesare identified, the process of restor-ing the power can begin. Miller re-minds us, however, that "recon-necting the parent power is nevereasy, but the same love that pulledthe power plug is capable of mak-ing the connection again" (p. 53).

Christian parents should rememberthat they have a God who is thesource of all power.

Single parents will find a chapterdevoted to their specific situation.The book is highly recommendedfor parents of any age child, as wellas teachers, youth workers, coun-selom, and anyone dealing with chil-dren (Accent Books, 204pp., $7.95).Pauline Donaldson

lJ1{1|0lvsAcRrFtcEs

It's a fact. Pagan sacrificesand rituals iire back. Otherbooks on the New Age Move-ment have um.usked its theo-krgical deceptions. UnholySucifices shows how the NewAge plan to eliminate "humanweeds" is rapidly on the movein science, rnedicine, govem-ment, and the media.

'l'he

authors document these hor-rors but also give a messagrof hope and specilic ways tocounter the threat. $8.95At your Christ ian bookstore. ( lVai l ordersadd $1.00 for postage and handling.)

GRIISSWAY Bt|lIKSA DIVISION OF GOOD NEWS PUBLISHERSWESTCHESTER ILLINOIS 60I54

PAULdePARRIE,& MARY P RI DE,

50 Fundamentalist Journal

An excerpt fromPARENT POWER

The Bible tells us that Godis a God of power (Psalm 62:11;Matthew 19:26). The Creatorof the universe, the Alpha andOmega, God is the source of allpower.

God has provided parentswith a Comforter, the HolySpirit, to walk along beside usand share our burdens for ourchildren. The work of the HolySpirit leads us in making thosedecisions about our childrenthat are not clearly spelled outin Scripture. When we areasked to make a decision aboutattendance at a movie, a datefor a teenager, or how to discipline an uncommon child, weare to rely on the Holy Spiritfor guidance. As we rely uponprayer and the Bible, we willknow our decisions are soundbecause the Holy Spirit cannotencourage us to do somethingthat is contradicted in the Bible.

Butwe are to make the de-cisions under God.

We are not to place theopinion of "experts" over theleading of the Holy Spirit. Noone has the right to tell par-ents that what they feel theHoly Spirit is leading them todo is wrong-unless it isagainst a Biblical principle.

Booknotes

THE HEALTHY HECTIC HOMEby Marshal l Shel ly

Pastors frequently emphasizethe importance of preaching andteaching within the context of apassage or chapter from the Bible.Many pastors have difficulty adapt-ing that important principle to theirfamily lives.

The llealthy lIecti.c llome is writ-ten for pastors ' ' in context . ' '

Balancing family, ministry, and apersonal life requires careful plan-ning and a recognition that pastor-ing is done only within the context

of the family. Fellowship with friendgtime with family, and emphasis onstudying God's Word really canmake a pastor's home "hectic." It isrefreshing to see such a transparentrecognition of the challenges ofmodern ministry (Word Publishing,189 pp., $10.99). David R. Miller

GUARDIANS OF THE GREATcoMMtssroNby Ruth A. Tucker

Most have heard of the greatmissionary statesmen David Living-stone and William Carey. Much hasbeen written about their exploits,and they are looked up to by thosepursuing missions today. But whatof Mrs. Livingstone or Mrs. Carey?Little is usually said of the wives ofmissionaries, or for that matter,about the many single women whohave gone into missions work.

This book, by the author ofFrom Jetasalem to Irian Jaya, is acompilation of an impressive arrayof short profiles, under a variety oftopics, which well chronicles therole of women in modern missions.The downside to this coverage isthat in her attempt to shed light onthe women of missions and whatthey faced, the author tends to por-tray these stories with a predom-inantly negative undercurrent,although she does attempt to inter-ject positive elements. Regardless,this book is valuable reading for thestudent of missions (Zondervan, 27 8pp., $15.95). Howard Erickson

ffi

ALL THAT WAS EVER OURSby Elisabeth Elliot

Elisabeth Elliot went to the mis-sion field a single woman and latercolabored in Ecuador with her hus-band Jim. After J im's death,Elisabeth and her young daughterlived in the jungle and ministered tothe Indians who had killed her hus-band and four other men. Her sec-ond husband. Add. died of cancer.

Now married to Lars Gren andliving on the coast of Massachusetts,she is a grandmother, a popularspeaker, and a witness.

Elisabeth's earthly father was aneditor who taught her the differencebetween good and bad writing. Herheavenly Fbther has taught her muchabout life. Through All That WasEuer Ours readers can benefit fromwhat both fathers have taught her.

All That Wss Euer Ours is, in thewords of the authol "essays on greatthemes-Hope, Tluth, Freedom,and such" and "essavs on lesser

themes-nostalgia, boredom, spon-taneity." They rise from the every-day life of one individual who tries"to see things, to understand things,to learn from them"; an individualwho tries "to interpret the meaningof the visible in terms of the Invisi-ble, for it is on that level that allthings find their ultimate meaning"(Fleming H. Revel l Company,173 pp., $10.95). Kay Raysor

51

What is the essence of trueChristianity? Yes, it is faith nChrist as one's Lord and Savior.But it is equally a living, dy-namic faith which transformsevery area of our lives withGod's truth, freedom, justice,and love. True Christianilyoffers a bold and inspiring visionfor all who seek to know thereality of the living God. $5.95At your Christian bookstore. (Mail ordersadd $1.00 for postage and handl ing.)

GRIISSWAY B||I|KSA DIVISION OF GOOD NEWS PUBLISHERSWESTCHESTER. ILLINOIS 60154

JOHI\I W WHITEHEADMay 1989

PAilOM AND ilDOIAI. PDOPI.DPastors are peo-

ple with specialprivileges andunique perils. Theyare charged withspecial responsibil-ities and will beuniquely account-able to God. Saidthe great apostlePauI, "Let theelders that rulewell be countedworthy of doublehonour, especiallythey who labour inthe word and doc-tr ine" (1 Tim. 5:17).

Pastors are im-portant men.Speaking of thepastoral office,Edward T. Hiscoxwrote: "The peoplenaturally contemplatethe office with feelingsof reverence, and conse-quently regard the in-cumbent with very greatdeference, to say theleast, The young, in aspecial manner, considerwhat he says as true,and what he does asright. The position com-mands high regard, forthe minister is lookedupon not only as ateacher, but as an exam-ple" (The New Di.rectoryfor Baptist Churches).

Pastors are importantcounselors for couplescontemplating marriage,important confidants forChristian business peo-ple making life-changingdecisions, and importantcomforters for thosewho are sorrowing overthe loss of loved ones.

Pastors are im-periled men. The

recent, well-publicizedministerial scandals re-mind us of the perilsstalking pastors. Preachersare vulnerable.

The peri,L of success.Satan is a master atsetting up people for afall. The pastor must becareful of the flattery,the fame (even if local-ized), and the favor heencounters in the courseof his ministry. Aswelled head oftenshrivels the heart, and ahaughty spirit replaces ahumble servant's care-fulness. Our Lord said,"Woe unto you, whenaII men shall speak wellof you!" (Luke 6:26).

The peril of ser.Immorality is the mortalenemy of the ministry.The availability of por-nography, the appeal ofquestionable televisionprogramming, and theattractiveness of some

women church memberscan all undermine thepastor who is not alertto his weaknesses. Thethought life of thepastor must be cleanand holy. He must rejectthe temptation tofantasize.

Pastors must be dis-creet in their relation-ships with men, women,and children. His lovefor his wife must beunquestioned. Hisloyalty to his wife mustbe unswerving. Hishome must reflect whathe preaches.

The peril of softness.Too many preachers areoverweight and under-exercised. There is greatperil in allowing oneselfto live a sedentarylifestyle.

We preachers canwax eloquent whenpreaching against smok-ing, alcohol, and drugs.

But what about gluttony?What about a lifestyle thatincludes no physicalexercise, no dietary dis-cipline, and no properrest? Tlagically, manypreachers die in their40s and 50s from strokes,heart attacks, and othersicknesses brought on byunwise physical habits.

The body is the templeof the Holy Spirit. Paulsaid, 'And every man thatstriveth for the masteryis temperate in allt h i n g s . . . . I k e e p u n d e rmy body, and bring itinto subjection" (l Cor.9:25, 27). A quiet timefor worship and a halfhour for walking oughtto be imperatives forevery pastor, every day.

Pastors are impelledmen. "For though Ipreach the gospel, I havenothing to glory of: fornecessity is laid upon me;yea, woe is unto me, if Ipreach not the gospel!"(1 Cor. 9:16). Pastorsshould be driven men,driven by a supreme lovefor Christ, impelled by thepower of the indwellingHoly Spirit.

Discouragement andopposition will surelythreaten the pastor. Butsupernatural power ishis to keep him going.He is also impelled byhis congregation. Alex-ander Maclaren said itwell. "The encourage-ment of the minister isthe conversion andgrowth of the hearers,"

Pastors are indeedspecial people.

) Paul N. ThsseII

52 FundamentalistJournal

Learning How to DintotheMrdffiof OodPart 3fferns such as signi- -/ficant nouns and /N-their qualifiers,verbs, and preposi-tions, Certain thingsin the text are ofspecial importanceby the position they oc-cupy in the passage orby the way in whichthey are emphasized.Tirrn again to 2 Kings5:1-4 and see if you candiscover something withspecial prominence.

Did you observe thedetailed description ofNaaman in verse 1? Didyou notice the nounsand verbs employed todraw our attention tohim, and the phrase inthe third line with itsqualifying adjective topoint out that he was "agreat man"? Did younote the significance ofthe contrasting preposi-tion "but" in the lastsentence in verse 1?

The Holy Spirit seemsto indicate that the manwho had reached thepinnacle of success wasnow afflicted with adisease that wouldreduce all his glory tonothing and make himan object of pity.

Obserae li,terary pat-

"httle maid" in verse 2.How old do you supposethe girl was? The Bibledoes not state her age,but verse 2 tells us that"she waited on Naaman'swife." She had beengiven certain responsibil-ities in the home, whichshe dutifully fulfilled, Alittle child cannot serve,but has to be waited on.From the brief descrip-tion, we can be surethat she was not in herlate teens.

The passage also con-tains a significant repeti-tion. "Leper" and"leprosy" occur at theend of verses I and 3.This repetition empha-sizes Naaman's sad stateand helps us see thatthe little maid was notcarried away captive andbrought into Naaman'shome by chance. Hewho had given victoryto Aram throughNaaman also had Hishand upon the girl,and permitted her inHis providence to besnatched away fromher parents. God didnot spare her fromdeep sorrow and trial.He allowed this choiceservant, even in herearly years, to tastethe bitter cup of anguishin order that, in Hisown time and way, thegreat need of a greatman might be metthrough an insignificantbut special individual.

Do you feel weakand insignificant andwonder how God couldever use you? Rememberthe young girl andrealize that you couldbe just the personthe Lord delights to use.

I James Braga. Nextmonth, the conclusion.

If we are to becomestudents of the Bible wemust observe what theBible says. As you followalong in our study of2 Kings 5:1-4, these sugges-tions will help you be moreobservant of the content.

Use the interuogatiues-tuho, what, uthen, ushere,u;hy, andh,tytn-as you lookat the text. Ask your-self, "Who is referred toin these verses?" Naaman,his wife, and the younggirl are the principal in-dMduals mentioned. Applythe other interrogativesto the passage and seewhat else you can find.

No doubt you havediscovered that Naamanwas no ordinary in-dividual. Because of hisposition in the army andbecause of his valor, hewas held in high esteem.Although he was com-mander of the army ofthe Aramians, his vic-tory in warfare,unbeknownst to him,was not by his ownprowess or bravery, butwas entirely of theLord's doing. All hissuccess and honor,however, were offset bythe fact that he had nowbecome a leper.

The heroine of ourstory was wrested fromher parents and herhome at an early age.You can imagine theunspeakable anguishthat came upon her.When the girl Iearnedabout her master'saffliction she gave assur-ance to "Mrs. Naaman"that her husband wouldbe healed if he would goto the prophet in Samar-ia, but said nothingabout her own release.Her one and only concernwas for her master.

Note i,mportant

terns such as compari-sozr^s, or items that beara similarity with othersin the text; contrasts,or items that are theopposite of others in thetext; repetiti,orts ofsignificant words orphrases in the passage;and order or progres-sion, or development ofitems or concepts insome organized form.The Scriptures aboundin literary patterns.These elements ofcomposition do notappear in the divineIibrary by accident. Eachhas a special place andpurpose in the Word ofGod. By taking note ofliterary patterns we areable to make valuablediscoveries. Carefully ex-amine the text for thesepatterns.

Notice the contrastbetween the "greatman" in verse 1 and the

May 1989 53

Jack Hopson Pastors 200'Year.0ld Church"There are other

200-year-old churches,"says Jack Hopson, pastorof Marcus Hook BaptistChurch in Linwood, Penn-sylvania, "but, frankly,there aren't many othersstill preaching the gospel

the way they once did. It'sremarkable that a church200 years old is stillindependent, fundamen-tal, and still honoringChrist with the preachingof His gospel."

On its 200th Anniver-sary Sunday this month,Marcus Hook BaptistChurch will dedicate itsnew Family Life Center,complete with gymnasium,kitchen. classrooms.missionary housing, andauditorium.

But the future, not thepast, excites the church'spastor of only 21 months."I have a burden to helpthis church become themodel church it can be,"Hopson said. "We find ourgoals in the principlesfound in Acts chapter 2:to spread the gospel, sub-mit to biblical authority,strive for spiritual matur-

ity, seek to discover theuse of our spiritual gifts,participate in sacrificialgiving, spend timetogether, and to seek Godand expect Him tomultiply and save peopleout of this sin-sick world."

A converted Catholic,Jack Aloysius Hopson wascalled into the ministrywhile golfing. "It soundsstrange," he admits, "butI was out there practi-cing my golf and wonder-ing what I was doing withmy life. I had been savedonly four months, andI thought about 1 Kings19:9 and the man of Godwho was in the wrongplace. After strugglingfor several weeks I be-gan to prepare for theministry."

Hopson, now 44, haspastored a countrychurch, a city church, andplanted a church. Hespent time in evangelisticwork and served as a vicepresident of MaranathaBible College beforeaccepting the call of the1,OOO-member MarcusHook Baptist Church."The best thing aboutthese people," he says, "istheir teachable spirit.There's a fervency for thethings of the Lord, and areal desire to be led by ateaching shepherd."

One of his first acts aspastor was an aggressivevisitation program. Hevisited 40 shut-ins in hisfirst week and 250 churchfamilies in l0 weeks-He then challenged hispeople to follow hisexample and continue aneffective visitationprogram.

To train men for the lay

ministry, Hopson insti-tuted a "Men for Mis-sions" program. Theprogram divides the worldinto 12 areas, and 12 menin the church have eachbeen assigned one partic-ular area to oversee.They are to keep up withcurrent events in theirgeographical region,correspond with and prayfor missionaries who servein that region, andinterview potential mis-sionaries who desire thesupport of the church.

Jack and his wife,Kathie, also feel a greatburden for America.They hope to begin WIN(Women IntercedingNationally), a ministrydesigned to "win Ameri-ca back to its Judeo-Christian heritage byenlisting 1,000 interces-sors in every county inthe country in the nextfive years."

Why women? "Womenseem to have more time tospend in prayer than mendo. We want to challengethem to plead with God toturn His people back toHimself."

As a pastor, Hopsonfinds that his work mustbe balanced. "Three areasburden my heart," he ex-plains, "administration,edification, and interces-sion. In administration wemust make plans, pickpeople to carry them out,and monitor the progressof the overall ministry. Foredification we mustpreach the Word to equipand build up the saints.A preacher must expound,explain, and expect results.

"Finally, a preachermust pray for his people,

his principal leadership,and for his plans to cometo fruition. But prayingisn't easy. The Devil goeswith us on our knees andtries to keep us fromthis important part ofministry. All three must bebalanced."

I Angela E. Hunt

CHURCHNEWS

This year marks the35th anniversary of inter-national broadcasting forTbans World Radio.The first broadcast wasaired over a 2,500-watttransmitter from Tbngierin February 1954 to thepeople of Spain. Today,TWR broadcasts the gospelto 80 percent of the worldin 82 languages fromseven strategically locatedtransmitting sites.

Tfans World Radio willhighlight its 35th anni-vemary at banquets sched-uled in major U.S. citiesthis year. A special mediapresentation will focus ofTWR's outreach aroundthe world.

Looking to the future,TWR plans to expand itsprogramming schedule byadding several newlanguages ayear. In a jointresearch coordinationeffort with internationalbroadcasters FEBC, HCJB,and SIM (Radio EL!VA),TWR is working towardreaching every major lan-guage group in the worldwith gospel programmingby the year 2000.

54 FundamentalistJournal

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certain boundaries limithis refugee ministry. Inmany cases, he does nothave the necessarylanguage training, while,in others, a general dis-trust of Americans andChristianity by Hindus andMuslims hinders his work.

But the Gardners'ministry is more thanjust working with ref-ugees. The family alsohelps pastor Rodney Kiddin the Freie BaptistenGermeinde (IndependentBaptist Church), In 1988Steve began an AWANAprogram for the church'syoung people. The groupis one of the first of itskind in Germany and hasan average attendance ofmore than 20 children.

"Since its beginningin September, the childrenhave memorized versesand heard practical princi-ples from God's Word,"Gardner said. "I'm lookingforward to seeing someboys and girls trustChrist as Saviour."

Gardner added thatreaching Germany's youthis the key to turning the

Gardners Reach Refugeesthrough German Mission

The scene is a busydowntown shopping areain south-central WestGermany. AII around youthe buzz of automobilesand pedestrian trafficcreates a sort of or-ganized confusion.

You are a refugee with-out a real country to callyour own. The prospectsof execution or imprison-ment await you in yournative land. On theother hand, there are noguarantees governmentofficials will let you stay inGermany either.

You are lonely andconfused. Most of all,you need a friend in thisstrange place.

While the story maysound incredible, it is areality for thousands ofpolitical and religiousrefugees flooding WestGermany every year. For-tunately, many have foundthe friendships they needin Liberty Baptist Mission-

aries Steve and ClaudiaGardner.

The Gardners arrivedin West Germany inNovember of 1986 withtheir two daughters,Ashleigh and Lindsay.While they intended tolimit their ministry tochurch-planting and dis-cipleship, God began open-ing doors with Germanrefugees from countriessuch as Iran, Tirrkey, Syria,Lebanon, and Ethiopia.

"Whenlstartedamin-istry to the refugees, Iviewed it as only temporary until I was equippedto do more with Germans,"Steve said. "However,after working with them,I don't see myself walk-ing away from them."

The Gardners distrib-ute clothes and sometimesfood to needy refugees,attempting to reach spiri-tual needs by meeting thephysical needs first. ButSteve confesses that

nation to Jesus Christ."Those over 35 or 40

years old are usually sosteeped in tradition thatit takes a personal tragedybefore they would everconsider giving their livesto Christ," he said.

Among his triumphs in1988, the Alabama-bornGardner saw years of lan-guage training pay off, ashe preached his first ser-mons in German. But eventhough the experience helda special excitement forhim, he admits thereis room for improvement.

"Because their wordorder is so unnatural, Isometimes pause in thewrong place in asentence,"Steve said. "They [thecongregationl have beenkind to not laugh duringthe sermons, but I do seean occasional grin."

In general, the Germanculture accepts only theLutheran or Roman Catho-lic faiths, while Baptistsand other Protestantsare regarded with suspi-cion. The government alsocontrols all television andradio outlets, makingevangelism through themedia virtually impossible.

However, the Gardnersand other members of theFreie Baptisten Gemeindeuse open-air literaturedistribution to reach thelost and publicize thechurch. On the firstSaturday of each month,the church holds a booktable on the main walkingstreet in Mannheim.

"The church book ta-ble is the best channel ofcommunication we havecome up with for gettingthe gospel and informa-tion about the church outto the masses in a personalway," Gardner said.

Robert Bunn

56 FundamentalistJournal

in the unity of the faith,and the knowledge ofthe Son of God, unto aperfect man, unto the

measure of the statureof the fulness of Christ."

BBGoes to Kenya MissionDean of Women

Eleanor Hendersonwas never the type to doanything on the spur ofthe moment. Her friendsdescribe her as a quiet,private woman. Maybethat's why they were soshocked when she an-nounced that she was giv-ing up a secure position atLiberty University tobecome a short-term mis-sionary to East Africa.

Eleanor had been aresident dorm supervisorat Liberty while attendingthe seminary in Lynch-burg. From there shemoved up to the job ofLiberty's dean of women,where she stayed for eightyears. But she could neverquite escape the feelingthat the Lord was movingher in another, unknowndirection.

In 1987 while attendinga conference in Urbana,Illinois, she finally realizedthat God's unknown direc-tion was for her to becomea missionary to Kenya. Shehanded in her resignationat Liberty and movedout to the Rift ValleyAcademy in Kijabe, Kenya.

Eleanor is working atRift Valley on a two-yearterm for Africa Inland Mis-sions in New York. Theschool operates for mis-sionary children, and hasan enrollment of 500.Eleanor teaches Sth grade,while serving as a dormparent for senior girls.

While her decision mayhave come as a shock toher friends, Eleanorexpressed her calling inher first prayer letter fromAfrica. "There were somany emotional attach-ments with Liberty Uni-

versity after workingthere for ten years, so itwasn't easy to leave," shewrote. "But on the otherhand, the assurance in myheart of your prayers andthe confidence in God'scall has given me muchpeace."

Recently, the AlumniAssociation of LibertyUniversity honored herwith the annual EagleAward for ChristianService. The award isgiven to outstandinggraduates of LU whohave shown a clear-cuttestimony for Christ.The award is just oneexample of the respectEleanor gained amongher peers.

"She is the most givingand thoughtful person I'veever met," said BeckyTfaeger, a long-timefriend. "Of course, that'swhat she's doing overthere." Vernon Brewer,her boss and present deanof student affairs at LU,described her as "compas-sionate and a servant."

Despite leaving thecomfort of her job atLiberty and strugglingwith being a single womanon the mission field,Eleanor has never takenher eyes off hercalling-investing in theIives of others, equippingand building them up forwhatever the Lord callsthem to do.

She also has neverforgotten her "calling"verse, Ephesians 4:12-13."For the perfecting ofthe saints, for the workof the ministry, for theedifying of the body ofChrist: Till we all come

April

7- LU Baccalaureate ServicesAt TRBC

8- LU Graduation11-31- "Sounds of Liberty" travel to

Australia15-26- LU Modulars I and ll

19- Dr Falwell speaks at conferenceon Epiritual Awakening, SiloamBaptist Church, Easley, SouthCarolina

20- Liberty Godparent HomeCelebration

StudentOrganizesSupportGroup

The Bible commands inGalatians 6:2, "Bear yeone another's burdens,and so fulfil the law ofChrist." Sarah Liddell, aLiberty Universitystudent, has organized anencouragement group todo just that.

Sarah, a junior fromFlushing, Michigan, losther father to cancer a yearand a half ago. Sheremembers wanting totalk to someone whounderstood what she wasgoing through during thattime.

So, in the fall semesterof 1988, Sarah startedan encouragement groupon campus for anyone whohad lost an immediatefamily member. Sarahfelt she could be anencouragement toothers because she couldrelate to what theywere going through.

The meetings are at-tended mainly by collegestudents. However, someolder adults and highschool students are nowbecoming involved.

The group meets in theReligion HaIl on campusevery Thursday night."Here," Sarah says, "wetalk to each other abouthow we're feeling thatweek." The group praystogether, and some whomay not be grieving asmuch comfort those whoare going through a moredifficult time.

Sarah calls the peoplein her group each week,along with others who

may have just lost aloved one, and invitesthem to come to themeetings. She says,"The main purpose ofthe group is simplyto bear one another'sburdens."

By listening to oneanother, and sharingwith others each week,Sarah's group providesmembers with a worth-while experience to helpthem as they go througha difficult time in theirlives. Here they receivea "special" kind of car-ing and understandingthat only other groupmembers can give.

Thmara L. Pugh

May 8 is an importantday in the lives of 1,000students who will gradu-ate as the "Class of '89"

from Liberty University.Sixty-five of the 75

available Liberty majors

will be represented atthe ceremonies, as wellas students from all ofthe 50 states. There willalso be graduates fromseveral foreign countries,such as Africa, Canada,and England.

W. A. Criswell, pastorof First Baptist Churchin Dallas, Tbxas, will givethe commencement ad-dress. The graduates andtheir families will alsotake part in baccalaure-ate services at ThomasRoad Baptist Church onMay 7.

TLP

Liberty University Observesl6th Annual Gommencement

58 FundamentalistJournal

NEWS

Yww&w Www&ww$&wwWw WKwm

ev. W.N. Otwel l is nostranger to controversy andthe criminal justice system

in Texas. He is once again battlingwhat he considers unnecessarygovernment intrusion into his minis-try. Since last fall Otwell has repeat-edly been ticketed by inspectorsfrom the health department forhanding out homemade sandwichesto the homeless street people ofFort Worth, Tbxas.

Every Sunday since last Septem-ber Otwell and his followers havebeen feeding the needy at a parkcal led the Fort Worth WaterGardens, about three blocks fromthe city's business district. The love-ly outdoor park is full of cascading,man-made waterfalls, and many ofthe city's street people sleep there.Otwell and his followers hold Sun-day worship services in the park,and the food giveaway effort is anoutgrowth of that ministry.

Health inspectors from the cityof Fort Worth have written Otwell16 separate citations because he ispassing out the free food without acity permit. Each citation carries afine of $192.50. The city objects be-cause Otwell's sandwiches are madein the kitchens of his church mem-bers and not under city-approvedconditions.

"It's right to do it. I have perfectpeace, and I feel good in my con-science about what I'm doing. Idon't think I'm breaking any law. Inthe sight of God and the Constitu-tion of the United States, I think I'mstanding clean," said Otwell.

According to Otwell the severaldozen homeless who show up eachweek for the worship service gettheir only "real meal" of the weekwhen the service is over. A largepart of what makes Otwell so deter-

"I feel like whatf'm doing is right,and by the grace

of God I mayhave to go to jail,

but I'll do it becauseI'm right.tt

mined to continue in the face ofofficial disapproval is his unbendingbelief he is right. "I feel like whatI'm doing is right, and by the graceof God I may have to go to jail, butI'l l do it because I'm right," Otwellsaid.

Why not just pay the $25 fee andget the city permit? Otwell claimsthe fee is not the problem. He be-lieves the requirements of meetingcity standards for preparing thesandwiches he gives away would betoo costly under the guidelines of apermit. "If you got a permit you'd

have to go out of business becauseyou couldn't afford to continueoperating," said Otwell.

Otwell is standing his ground onthis issue because he feels the cityhas no business requiring a churchto get a permit of any kind. Otwellheads a tiny independent Fun-damentalist church in nearby Mans-field, Tbxas. Because its services areheld at the Water Gardens he callsit "The Church at Fort Worth."

So far Otwell has ignored morethan $3,000 worth of citations fromthe Fort Worth Department ofHealth. Ramon Guajardo, an assis-tant city manager in Fort Worth,says the city plans to continue issu-ing tickets to Otwell every time in-spectors determine there is aviolation. 'As long as he or anyother individual violates an or-dinance, and he has been properlyinformed of the violation, and thereis no correction, we will cite him,"Guajardo said.

"Our ordinance does not distin-guish between a church group or aprivate group dispensing food.Therefore it's our interpretation theordinance applies to all. At somepoint in time the citations will bebrought up for a [court] hearing.They will probably be posted for tri-al, and he'll be given an opportuni-ty to appear before the judge andplead his case," said Guajardo.

Recently Otwell also beganoffering free lunches to a group ofhomeless people who live in sever-al abandoned railroad warehousebuildings on Forth Worth's drearysouth side. During the week he andsome of the men from his churchpull up in a motor home and servehot chocolate, coffee, crackers, andsteaming hot potato soup from a bigstainless steel pot.

May 1989 59

Slowly they begin to stir andgather around, some waking upfrom a nap on the hard gravel park-ing lot. Others come from inside therun-down buildings, full of brokenglass and debris, which they nowcall home. A young couple appears.The mother is holding a small, palebaby. The little child looks sick andhardly moves.

These are definitelv Otwell's

"I have perfect peace.In the sight of God

and the Constitution."

people. A reporter with a notebookarrives, and the street people leavethe food line to approach him. "Ifyou're here to give the reverend

another ticket, we'll flip your carover," said one woman. Otwell saidon one occasion he had to get in be-tween those in the soup line and ahealth inspector who came to issuehim a citation.

Guajardo has received calls andletters from citizens voicing supportfor what Otwell is doing. He has alsoheard from people who support thecity's position. Guajardo says he hasnot been keeping track of the num-ber of calls and letters on each sideof the issue.

Asked if he has any empathy forwhat Otwell is doing for the home-less in Fort Worth, Guajardodeclined to comment. Would itmake the city look bad to arrest aminister for giving away free foodto the homeless and the needy? "Ithink that's a matter of opinion. Ithink we're obligated to take the ap-propriate steps to deal with some-one who violates a city ordinance.I don't think the city looks bad ar-resting the violator of a city or-dinance," said Guajardo.

Otwell says he expects to begiven a court date soon. But heplans to ignore any efforts to makehim appear before a judge on the is-sue. And he maintains he will notpay any of his fines under any cir-cumstances. In 1986 Otwell defieda state district judge's court orderand fled Tbxas for several weeks toavoid arrest. At the time, state offi-cials, including the Texas attorneygeneral, were trying to close a homefor troubled boys Otwell was oper-ating at his church.

The state was trying to close Ot-well's boys home because he re-fused to get a state license thatwould allow him to keep it open.

I Steve Coryell

' 'ELECTRIFYING..."

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eryan

Restored conti,nued from page 12

service is to deny him the joy of exer-cising his God-given spiritual gifts. Todeny him service is to abort the overallfunctioning of the gifts within the body.

Restoration to Leadership. The laststep of restoration is the most con-troversial. Many within the Evangelicalchurch believe that once a leaderdefaults, he can never lead again. Infact, they encourage fallen leaders toseek secular employment. Others arguethat no matter what the person hasdone, he can and should be restored tothe same or a similar position of leader-ship. I think the balance is somewherebetween the extremes of restoringeveryone and restoring no one. Considertwo biblical principles.

First, the nature of the sin. While allsin is sin, there are different degrees ofsin and different consequences. In at-tempting to resolve the issue of leader-ship, we must examine the nature andextent of the sin. Some pastors nevercommitted adultery but they have beenemotionally entangled with someone tothe point where resignation was neces-sary. Some pastors fall prey to one en-counter. Others have carried on affairsfor years with one or more people intheir congregations. It appears that acontinued lifestyle of sexual sin over aperiod of time would disqualify a per-son from leadership, since his reputationcould not be sufficiently restored(1 Tim. 3), whereas those who fall preyto one emotional or physical encountermay be restored.

The second principle concerns ourunderstanding of what it means for apastor to be "above reproach." Obvious-ly, moral default violates that principleand necessitates a person's stepping outof public leadership. Can that be fullyrestored? Probably not. But if we wereto apply that principle in its fullestsense, there would be no one inany pul-pit anywherel The degree to which"blamelessness" can be restored is thesame degree to which a person can berestored to public ministry and leader-ship. Much of that is determined by theperson, the circumstances, and theprocess of restoration that was followed,With discipline, accountability, love, for-giveness, and time, some fallen leaderscan be restored to public ministry andleadership. However, I am not the oneto make final judgment. I can be in-volved in restoring them to fellowship,

worship, and service, but only God canrestore them to leadership-in His tim-ing and place. I must be hesitant to con-demn that restoration lest I be guilty offighting against God.

Answers or Questions? I suspectthat by now I have raised more ques-tions than I have answered. I am con-cerned about the rising tide of spiritualdefeat. I am concerned about maintain-ing the highest standards of integity in

the ministry. But I am also concernedthat we do not lose our perspective onthe overriding theme of Scripture-gace, redemption, and forgiveness. I amconcerned that we do not forget thatthe Scriptures are filled with saints whofailed, repented, and were restored tofellowship, service, and leadership.

I Edward G. Dobson is pastor of Cal-vary Church in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

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62 Fundamentalist Journal

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New Group ofSouthern Baptist ModeratesPresses for Change

N A S H V I L L E ,T e n n . ( R N S ) -C o n s e r v a t i v eSouthern Bapt istPresident JerryVines of Jackson-ville. Florida. an-

nounced his willingness to be nomi-nated for a second one-year termwhen the Southern Baptist Conven-tion meets in Las Vegas in June."I've been trying in these eightmonths to hit the theme of ourpriority-personal evangelism, beinga witness to Jesus," Vines told the7O-member executive committee.

Meanwhile, according to theModerate group, the Conservative"takeover" ofthe Southern BaptistConvention has reaped nothing butdistrust, character assassination,and distraction from soulwinning.

Before the meeting, spokesmenfor a centrist gfoup held a press con-ference to say they were tired of be-ing labeled "Liberals, Moderates,and skunks" and wanted to rally laysupport for a more "broad-based"Southern Baptist Convention.

Baptists Committed to the SBC,as the group is called, stopped shortof endorsing a candidate of its own,but left the impression that Vineswill not go unchallenged. Theycalled for an end to the "domina-tion of the SBC by any group" andpleaded for traditional Baptistcooperation in worldwide missions,a network of funding being threat-ened by continued Baptist divisive-ness, they argued. "For 10 yearswe've been told by a group of peo-ple that if you don't confess yourfaith in a certain way, you don'tqualify for participation in leader-ship in the SBC," said Rev. DanielVestal of Atlanta, one of seven Bap-

tists who spoke at the press confer-ence. "That destroys trust. . . .It 'stime for laymen to stand up and say,'Enough is enough."'

Southem Baptists Plan forGonservative Lobby inWashlngton

N A S H V I L L E ,T e n n . ( R N S ) -Southern Bapt istleaders approvedplans for a Washing-ton lobbying effortthat will be Conser-

vative in tone, despite argumentsthat the effort is too costly and ap-pears vindictive of Moderates andother Baptist groups.

The Southern Baptist Commis-sion's executive committee voted42-27 to establish a ReligiousLiberty Commission, but its fate willdepend on votes at two consecutiveannual meetings of the denomi-nation.

One observer warned thatSouthern Baptists' influence on na-tional legislation will be reduced ifit breaks away from its traditionalcoalition with other Baptists. "Wethink Southern Baptists are prettybig stuff, but I don't think folks inWashington think that," Rev. KeithParks, head of the Foreign MissionBoard, cautioned the executivecommittee before the vote. 'And itlooks like we're not cooperativewith other Baptists, much less otherdenominations."

The action means the SouthernBaptist Convention will probablyshift most of its funding from theBaptist Joint Committee on PublicAffairs, a church-state relationslobby whose stand against schoolprayer and other issues has made ittoo Liberal for many people in thedenomination.

"We'll get more than enoughmoney to make up for the cuts,"Rev. James Dunn, director of Bap-tist Joint Committee, predicted af-ter the vote.

Committee officials believe stateBaptist conventions, local churches,and Moderate organizations like theSouthern Baptist Alliance and Bap-tist Committee to the SBC willpledge money to fill the void.

Gongress LobblesSupreme Gourt forRoe V. Wade Reversal

The U.S. SupremeCourt is receivingconsiderable pro-life pressure fromCapitol Hill law-makers.

TWelve senatorsand 98 House members recentlyurged the High Court to overturn itslandmark decision legal iz ingabortion-on-demand.

In two friend-of-the-court briefs,the lawmakers asked the justices touphold a 1986 Missouri antiabortionlaw that was struck down in a low-er court last July.

Among other things, the lawdeclared that the "life of each hu-man being begins at conception" andbanned the use of public funds forcounseling women about abortion.

'Abortion has been accepted inour society up to the last day of theninth month for the most frivolousreasons," said Rep. Robert Dornan.

Rep. John LaFalce, one of 27Democrats signing the congressionalbriefs, said Rne u. Wad,e representsan improper mixture of judicial andlegislative power.

"The courts have said to thelegislative bodies that they are in-competent to act in this area," heexplained.

C,''.

64 Fundamental is tJournal

ffi"Pregame PrayerUnconstitutional

of Appeals for the

Prayer beforehigh school games isan unconstitutionalreligious practice,an appeals courthas ruled.

The U.S. Courtllth Circuit de-

filed suit on behalf of the Jagers,and earlier this year the appealscourt ruled in their favor.

Writing the majority opinion,Judge Frank Johnson said theschool district failed two parts of acommon three-part Supreme Courttest to determine whether a school-sponsored religious activity is con-stitutional.

First, Johnson said, the prayersclearly had a "secular purpose." Sec-ond, he said the pregame prayers-heard over school-owned soundequipment at a school-sponsoredactivity-conveyed a message thatthe district "endorsed the religiousinvocation."

Thejudge agreed, however, thatthe district was not excessively "en-tangling the church and state sinceanyone-students, teachers, par-ents. ministers. or staff members-could give the invocation."

The court's decision is expectedto be appealed to the U.S. SupremeCourt.

Galifornia Supreme GourtDismisses "GlergyMalpractice" Suit

(RNS)-In dis-missing what hasbeen described asthe nation's firstclergy malpracticesuit, the CaliforniaSupreme Cour t

ruled recently that people who arenot licensed as counselors or ther-apists cannot be held legally liablefor failing to provide proper care oradvice.

The court voted unanimouslyto dismiss the case against GraceCommunity Church of Sun Valley.The church was sued by Walter andMaria Nally, whose son, Kenneth,committed suicide in 1979 afterreceiving counseling by pastorsthere.

termined that prayer in DouglasCounty, Georgia, prior to schoolfunctions amounts to a governmen-tal endorsement of religion.

The case arose after Doug Jagerand his father, William, asked theschool district to discontinue pre-game prayers, a part of football inthe county since 1947.

The Jagers and district officialsfailed to reach a compromise, andthe father and son sought help fromthe American Civil Liberties Union.ACLU attorney Jeffery Branlett

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ffi@ww&ffi& fuw&ffiwwwffi usually make the coffee in myS department. At first my motiveU for getting the coffee makerinstalled was totally self-serving. Iliked a cup or two first thing in themorning and sometimes another atmid-morning. Soon others weredrinking it, and I eqjoyed theirthanks for keeping the cupboardstocked with coffee and filters. Praisetasted almost as good as the coffee.

Later, it became more like achore, especially when someone,not meaning to sound insensitive,would say, "Hey, we're out ofcoffee. Are you going to makemore?" Suddenly I felt overworkedand unappreciated.

Being the department "coffeesteward" confirmed something Ihave always known-and somethingthe Scriptures confirm. Althoughtaking the initiative to get thecoffee enterprise going often lookedmore like servanthood than leader-ship, such endeavors end up reallybeing neither, and yet, in anothersense, both.

When Jesus washed His disciples' feet, He was giving them amagnificent lesson about servant-hood and leadership. The discipleswere arguing about who was thegreatest among them. Was it be-cause they were, by process ofelimination, trying to find out whowas the least among them and theone who should get up and washthe feet of the rest of them? If I un-derstand the story correctly, theycould go no further with theproceedings of the Passover mealuntil someone did what had to bedone-perform the ceremonialwashing. Jesus took the leadershiprole of getting thejob done. Leader-ship at its best is taking the initia-tive to serve. That is the kind ofleadership others follow.

A well-known Christian periodicalrecently suprised me by publishing

by Wightman Weese

66 FundamentalistJournal

an article in which seven or eightChristian leaders, people most of uswould know, presented in a coupleof paragraphs their ideas of thequalifications for Christian leader-ship. The surprise for me was thatonly two mentioned, even in a cur-

A true leader continuesto be a servant, even

after he has failed. If hecantt serve at the top, hewill serve at the bottom.

sory fashion, the idea that Christianleadership involved servanthood, aqualification Christ gave on severaloccasions as the primary charactertrait of "the greatest among us."

I realize that the article mayhave been heavi ly edi ted toeliminate repetitive material, so Imay be wrongly impugning thesecelebrity types. I hope I am. But ifI 'm not, I think I am beginning tounderstand why we in the churchare experiencing a leadership crisis.

It reminded me of a story thatfilled the news almost 30 years ago.In 1961 a man named John Profumowas forced to resign his cabinet postand his seat in the British Parlia-ment because of a sex scandal. Thestory nearly brought down HaroldMacmillan's Conservative govern-ment. Scandals in government werenothing new, but this one rocked thenation and the world because it pos-sibly compromised British security.

It was especially sad for Profumo,a graduate of Harrow and Oxford,who had not only a distinguishedwar record, but at 25 had becomethe youngest member of Parliament."Rich, handsome, and urbane,"Newsweek magazine (June 19, 1972)called him.

But that was not the end of thestory. Accordingto Newsweek, when

the furor was ovel Profumo placed acall to the director of Ttrynbee Hall, asettlement house in London's EastEnd. "Myname isJohn Profumo, andI wonder if you would let me comeand work for you." For years, Profu-mo spent four days a week at thesettlement house, caring for winosand down-and-outers. One day aweek he did social work among theinmates of Grendson Prison. Shy anddeeply upset at firct, Profumo blos-somed over the years into a dedicat-ed and skilled social worker. Therehe remained in obscurity until 1972when the queen of England visitedlbynbee Hall to dedicatea newwing.Duringthe occasion she spoke brieflywith Profumo. She shook his handwarmly and wished him well withhis life and work.

The lesson is clear. John Profumoconsidered himself a public servant,a minister in the purest sense of theword. Nothing about his scandal-his failure, his fall from high office-changed that fact. He was first andlast a public servant, whether as acabinet minister and a member ofParliament or as a prison counseloror a rescue mission worker.

I don't know what has happenedto John Profumo since the 1972report, but the man seemed to havewon not only the queen's respect butsociety's as well. And mine.

A true leader continues to be aservant, even after he has failed. Ifhe can't serve at the top, he willserve at the bottom, because his ser-vant's heart marks him for leader-ship wherever he goes.

Leadership, ministry, andservanthood-we talk much aboutthese qualities in the church today.And how beautiful it is when allthree of them appear in a person, allat the same time!

I Wightman Weese is an editorwith Tlndale House Publishers andteaches at Wheaton College, Whea-ton. Illinois.

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