TEACHER RETIREMENT PATTERN 2017-2027 - Amazon S3

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Education Sector Analytical and Capacity Development Partnership

TEACHER RETIREMENT PATTERN 2017-2027:AN OPPORTUNITY TO IMPROVE TEACHER MANAGEMENT

Working PaperJune 2017

Photo : BKLM MoEC

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Photo : BKLM MoEC

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The PNS teacher retirement wave is a one-time phenomenon that creates a unique opportunity to improve teacher management without the widespread resistance encountered in the past.

Between 2017 and 2027 approximately 749,300 (48.5%) of all Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) civil service (PNS) teachers will reach the mandatory retirement age of 60. For the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA), the pattern is somewhat different, only 24,169 (19%) of their PNS teacher allotment will reach retirement age during that period.

The retirement pattern can address three challenges: equitable distribution of teacher resources, escalating teacher wage bill, and low value derived from high cost of teachers. This paper offers findings, insights, and options to consider considerations

More equitable distribution of PNS teachers. The distribution of PNS teachers is highly uneven between schools, districts, and provinces, but redistribution of serving teachers has been nearly impossible to achieve. However, transferring positions vacated by retired teachers may encounter less resistance. Mapping PNS teacher locations reveals a higher than average concentration of teachers over 50 years of age in cities and in more desirable locations. This concentration can be attributed to a seniority-based teacher management system typical of a civil service model.

ABSTRACT:

This working paper views the teacher retirement pattern as an opportunity to improve the teacher management system and: address inequities in teacher distribution, gradually curb the burgeoning teacher wage bill, and move incrementally towards a sustainable teacher management system. Approximately 48% of civil service (PNS) teachers will reach the mandatory retirement age of 60 between 2017 and 2027, according to the MOEC and MORA administrative databases from January 2017. The wave of PNS teacher retirement is a onetime phenomenon that offers opportunities to reform teacher management without encountering the widespread resistance met by past attempts. In particular, the retirement pattern can help: (i) improve equity of teacher distribution by transferring the vacant positions of retired PNS teachers to less advantaged schools or areas; (ii) reduce the teacher wage bill by not filling all PNS teacher vacancies; and/or (iii) transition to a sustainable teacher management model.

Redistributing PNS teacher positions left vacant by retired teachers opens options for improving the equity of teacher distribution. Four redistribution options for consideration are: (i) from Western to Eastern Indonesia, (ii) within provinces for positions at the senior secondary level, (iii) within districts or cities for positions at the primary and junior secondary levels, and (iv) between schools in the same kecamatan or city ward. At present, there is a moratorium on hiring new PNS teachers, and it is not clear whether this hiring freeze applies to vacancies opened by retiring teachers.

Curtailing the growth in the teacher wage bill. Over the next 10 years the accumulated savings for retiring MOEC and MORA PNS teachers is calculated at just over USD 5 billion. In 2017, the APBN needed to provide approximately USD 12 billion to pay the estimated wage and allowance bill for MOEC and MORA teachers. Since 2005, teacher numbers and remuneration norms have been set without sufficient attention to public financing or classroom performance.

The pace of growth for the teacher wage and allowance bill can be slowed by retiring the PNS position along with the incumbent, gradually, to a set target. Reducing the number of teachers is possible as Indonesia has a very low student to teacher ratio overall, 15:1 for all teachers and 33:1 for PNS teachers only. The very low STR is a result of many factors including an excessive number of small schools, resistance to multi-grade teaching, and staffing standards that load the

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Photo : BKLM MoEC

labor market model, new teachers and current non-PNS teachers are hired nationally, compete for school vacancies, and given 5-year renewable contracts with the school as government employees. One further step in the direction of a labor market is to set base wages nationally, wages that are linked to performance as well as seniority. Teacher benefits could be set by labor market dynamics and reflect the “market price” needed to attract the type of teachers required in specific or undesirable locations.

Enabling a sustainable model for financing the teacher cadre. Rather than deploying teachers on an individual basis, the central government could resource a complement of teacher positions per school based on service standards. Under the current teacher management and financing model teacher positions are assigned, in theory, on the basis of service standards; in practice, some schools are resourced in excess of those standards while others are under-resourced. Over resourcing is not a problem for the school, because teachers arrive fully funded from the national budget as individuals.

The teachers’ remuneration pattern could be restructured to be comprised of two parts: an individual part consisting of her or his salary and a school-based part. The school based part is divided equally among the teachers and is increased incrementally until the number of teachers reaches the national standard. Should the number of teachers exceed the national standard, the portion received by any individual teacher would be reduced. This combination of individual and school-based financing for teachers would act as a disincentive for over-hiring teacher by school management.

education system with under-employed teachers.

Enabling a Sustainable Teacher Management Model. Concerns are growing about Indonesia’s persistently weak performance on all international tests of learning proficiencies in spite of generous public financing (20% of the public budget is allocated to education). The Minister of Finance raised the question about value for expenditure in February 2017 when she voiced questions in a public forum about teacher allowances asking, “are these really improving the quality of teaching?” 1

Over the past 10 years, the student performance improvement rate has been virtually flat; simultaneously the growth in the number and remuneration of teachers has been steep. This disconnection is partially attributable to a teacher management model with roots in the colonial period and to a school financing model with perverse incentives. Indonesian PNS teachers are accustomed to the security of civil service status and its high stability—tenure, predictable emoluments, seniority system—and low accountability. Non-PNS teachers aspire to civil service status and view their low salaries, temporary status, and lack of pensions and other benefits as only a stage in their journey to PNS positions. Therefore, as the institutional culture, tradition, and special interests that characterize the civil servant model for teacher management system are deeply entrenched, any change needs to be both incremental and non-threatening to incumbents

At the very least, the attrition of retiring teachers opens the opportunity to modify the teacher promotion system. Simply adding more stringent filters to the current promotion system and salary structure can improve the quality of teaching. Moving from a strictly seniority system to one based on performance according to some proxies for quality may ultimately lead to improvements in the quality of teaching and learning.

A more fundamental change would be to shift from a civil service to a market-based model. The 2014 Civil Service Reform Act introduced a new type of public employee, namely a “contract-based national government employee.” 2 The teacher retirement pattern can enable a gradual change in the composition of the teaching cadre. Under a

1 Finance Detik. 2017. Begitu juga dengan tunjangan guru yang nilainya mencapai kisaran Rp 25 triliun setiap tahunnya. Akan tetapi, kualitas guru masih dipertanyakan. “Kenaikan tunjangan guru, are these really improving the quality of teaching?,” https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3430353/sedihnya-sri-mulyani-menatap-hasil-apbn-ribuan-triliun

2 Law No. 5/2014 on the Indonesian civil service

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TABLE OF CONTENT

Abstract 2

Executive Summary 2

A. Introduction and Background 5

B. The Retirement Wave 9

C. Insights and Opportunities 10

1.Reducing Inequitable distribution: 10

2. Reducing the PNS and non-PNS teacher wage bill 12

3. Enabling a Sustainable Teacher Management Model 14

ANNEXES 15

Annex 1. Teacher Data Management 15

Annex 2.Teacher Wage Calculation Parameters 18

APPENDICES 24

Appendix 1. MOEC and MORA Teachers by Employment Status 25

Appendix 2. MOEC and MORA Teacher Salary Calculations 2017 – 2027 28

Appendix 3. STR of MOEC PNS Teachers by Province and District– MOEC 30

Appendix 4. STR by Province all levels– MORA 46

Appendix 6. PNS Techer Retirement Pattern MORA 65

Appendix 7. Indicative PNS Teacher Retirement Pattern by Level and Subject MOEC and MORA 2017-2027 in Total 66

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Table 1. Teachers by Ministry and Status as of January 2017

PNS non-PNS TOTAL

MOEC 1,601,271 1,266,708 2,867,979

MORA 124,045 527,216 651,261

Combined 1,725,316 1,793,924 3,519,240

Source: MOEC Dapodik Semester 1, 2016/2017 (accessed 24 May 2017) and MORA EMIS Semester 1. 2016/2017 (accessed 4 April 2017)

Teacher categorization by employment status: The teacher management model categorizes teachers by employment status--PNS or non-PNS--and uses a different management model for each category.

PNS teachers. In January 2017, there were 1,725,316 PNS teachers according to the two discrete MOEC and MORA administrative databases. PNS teacher management follows a national civil service model established more than 70 years ago, which traces its roots back to the colonial period. The number of new PNS teacher positions is set annually by the central government, taking national standards and financing into consideration. School placement for PNS teachers under MOEC is managed by local governments while those under MORA are managed by local branches of the MORA bureaucracy.

The overwhelming majority of PNS teachers (93%) are under the much larger MOEC system. For MOEC PNS teachers, salaries and allowances are financed out of the national budget through direct transfer and transfers to local governments using block and earmarked grants. MORA PNS teacher salaries and allowances are managed by the local MORA office. PNS teachers hold tenured, permanent positions and receive good salaries and benefits in comparison to non-PNS teachers. Career paths for PNS teachers can lead from classroom teacher to school principal, supervisor, and ultimately to a position in the education bureaucracy.

Although they hold national civil service status, many MOEC PNS teachers are closely connected to local government and local elites to whom they owe their school placements, and PNS teachers play an active role in local elections often at the expense of their classroom duties. Teacher management

A. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

Purpose and Perspective: The purpose of this working paper is to provide central level planners with insights on how the civil service (PNS) teacher retirement pattern can contribute to resolving longstanding problems in teacher management, namely: (i) the inequitable distribution of PNS teachers; (ii) the burgeoning PNS teacher salary and wage bill; and (iii) the low value-added and the high cost of the current model for teacher management.

Methodology and Limitations: Data underpinning the insights and options presented below derives from the administrative databases maintained by MOEC and MORA and are current as of January 2017 for MOEC and March 2017 for MORA. The data is based on school self-reporting and while over 96% of schools report their data, it is not independently verified and may be subject to error. Annex 1 describes how the data was obtained, cleaned, managed and analyzed.

The overall pattern of retirement by level, subject specialization, and location described in this report is valid, but the accuracy of specific numbers of teachers retiring each year will increasingly deviate from forecasts over time due to the overall flow of teachers. Each year teachers leave the profession for reasons other than retirement while others enter or attain PNS status. For example, the MOEC administrative data from January 2017 did not include 260,277 teachers who appeared in the 2016 data and included 196,759 new teachers. Without further verification, it is not possible to determine whether these fluctuations are due to reporting errors, normal teacher flow, or both. Therefore, to increase accuracy in the future, the study should be repeated every 3-4 years using the most up-to-date data. Finally, this strictly quantitative analysis does not address issues pertaining to the quality of teaching, teachers’ aspirations, teacher education and training, or international models for teacher management.

Background: Approximately 3.5 million Indonesians teach grades 1-12 in public and private general schools and madrasah (table 1). Appendix 1 reports a detailed breakdown for MORA and MOEC teachers. The Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) is responsible for the general education system while the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA) for madrasah and teachers of religion in general schools.

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reforms that seek to curb PNS teacher numbers, curtail the burgeoning teacher wage bill, or relocate serving teachers are vehemently resisted through unions, public demonstrations, mass media campaigns, and other legitimate means typical of a healthy democracy.

Non-PNS teachers. As of January 2017, there were approximately 1,793,924 non-PNS teachers in MOEC and MORA schools and madrasah. These teachers are casually employed on short term contracts; most are engaged directly by schools or madrasah using School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds or through contributions from parents, religious organizations, or community members; but some are employed by local governments using their own funds. Non-PNS teachers typically lack job security, have lower salaries, fewer allowances, and lower pension benefits than PNS teachers serving in the same school. They have no career path, but most aspire to become PNS teachers.

As most non-PNS teachers are hired by schools, they have a different relationship with local politics than PNS teachers. From the perspective of local government, non-PNS teachers represent a means for staffing schools that has little impact on fiscal space at local levels. On the other hand, non-PNS teachers advocate collectively for teacher management reforms that would facilitate their transition to PNS status or provide equal salary and benefits. The sheer number of non-PNS teachers creates unwelcome pressure on local and national governments to accommodate their demands.

Figure 1 illustrate the proportion of PNS and no-PNS teachers employed in MOEC and MORA schools and madrasah.

Figure 1. Employment Status of MOEC and MORA PNS and non-PNS Teachers

Source: MOEC Dapodik Semester 1, 2016/2017 (accessed 24 May 2017) and MORA EMIS Semester 1. 2016/2017 (accessed 4 April

2017)

Certification and qualifications. PNS and non-PNS teachers alike are further categorized by certification status and academic qualifications. Approximately 55% have passed certification requirements, and teachers with an undergraduate degree (S1) or higher are considered qualified. Table 2 describes the teaching cadre composition according to those categories.

Table 2. Indonesian Teaching Force by Type of School, Employment Status, Certification Status, and Qualifications for MOEC and MORA Combined

Status Sertifikasi Kualifikasi

MOEC & MORA

TOTALStatus Kepegawaian

PNS Non-PNS

Sudah Sertifikasi≥ S1 1,171,815 320,509 1,492,324< S1 100,406 5,966 106,372Total 1,272,221 326,475 1,598,696

Belum Sertifikasi≥ S1 320,315 1,216,737 1,537,052< S1 76,846 218,185 295,031Total 397,161 1,434,922 1,832,083

Total≥ S1 1,492,130 1,537,246 3,029,376< S1 177,252 224,151 401,403Total 1,669,382 1,761,397 3,430,779


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Figure 2. Education Funding by Function, 2017

Source: Ministry of Finance. 2017

Teacher Wage Bill. PNS teacher remunerations depends on rank (17 ranks), seniority at that rank, certification status, and entitlement to additional allowances for family, food, and rank. Starting wages range from of USD 114 a month for novice teachers (rank I/a) to USD 263 a month for senor teachers (rank IV/e). Certified PNS teachers receive an additional incentive equal to their base salary, while non-certified PNS teachers receive an extra USD 20 a month. For example, a certified Teacher with a Master’s Degree, Rank IV/a, and 2 Children would earn around USD 7000 a year. In 2016, the GDP per capita for Indonesia in 2016 was

approximately USD 3500. Annex 2 describes the parameters for calculating teacher wages.

The teacher wage bill is part of the overall education fund, which is financed at approximately 20% of the total national budget. In 2017, the education fund was approximately USD 31.3 billion out of a national budget of approximately USD 156.5 billion. The education fund was divided into transfers to regions (USD 20.17 billion) and ministry allocations to MORA (USD 3.7 billion), MOEC, (USD 2.9 billion), MORTHE, (USD 2.9 billion) and 17 other ministries (USD 0.695 billion) (figure 2).

ACDP calculation for estimates of MOEC and MORA teacher salaries and allowances cost the central government he approximately USD 12.0 billion in 2017.3 ACDP calculation approach is included as Annex 2; figures can be found in Appendix 2. Briefly, in 2016, MOEC PNS teachers wages and allowances totaled roughly USD 9.1 billion, and non-PNS teacher salary and allowances came to an additional USD 1.4 billion.4 For MORA PNS teachers in 2017, the wage and allowance bill for teachers amounted to approximately USD 760 million and allowances for non-PNS teachers to roughly USD 800 million.

3 Remuneration for higher education lecturers and professors are not included in this calculation nor are wages and allowances for education staff under 17 other ministries.

4 Assumes 80% of non-PNS teacher wages are paid by schools using BOS funds provided through earmarked national funds channeled through earmarked grants to districts and provinces.

Photo : BKLM MoEC

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Student Teacher Ratios (STR): While the STR for all teachers in grades 1-12 is 15:1 for MOEC and MORA schools combined. The STR figures change dramatically when counting only PNS teachers. The aggregate STR for MOEC PNS teachers assigned to grades 1-12 increases to 32:1 overall ranging from a low of 17:1 in Aceh, Central Kalimantan and Maluku

Table 3a. STR for PNS Teachers for Grades 1-12 for MOEC

Level Students All Teachers PNS Teachers STR All Teachers STR PNS Teachers

SD 25,618,078 1,586,084 940,476 16 27SMP 10,145,405 622,592 345,597 16 29SMA 4,657,786 294,743 163,581 16 28SMK 4,682,913 276,099 95,683 17 49

Total 45,104,182 2,779,518 1,545,337 16 29

Source: MOEC Dapodik Semester 1, 2016/2017 (accessed 24 May 2017)

Table 3b. STR for PNS Teachers for Grades 1-12 for MORA


MI 3,671,108 266,868 49,846 14 74MTS 3,189,990 260,616 48,870 12 65MA 1,383,614 123,777 25,329 11 55

Total 8,244,712 651,261 124,045 13 66

Source: MORA EMIS Semester 1, 2016/2017 (accessed 4 April 2017)

Table 3c. STR for PNS Teachers for Grades 1-12 for MOEC and MORA Combined


SD/MI 29,289,186 1,852,952 990,322 16 30SMP/MTS 13,335,395 883,208 394,467 15 34SMA/MA 6,041,400 418,520 188,910 14 32SMK 4,682,913 276,099 95,683 17 49

Total 53,348,894 3,430,779 1,669,382 16 32


to a high of 51:1 in DKI Jakarta. For MORA, the PNS teacher to student ratio overall is 66:1, ranging from 35:1 in South Kalimantan to 104:1 in West Java. Table 3 includes the overall STR for PNS teachers by level of education for MOEC and MORA combined. Details at the provincial level can be found in Appendices 3 and 4 respectively.

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B. THE RETIREMENT WAVE

Indonesian PNS teaching force by age and projected retirement year. Overall, PNS teachers are older than non-PNS teachers (figure 3).

Figure 3. Proportion of PNS and Non-PNS Teachers below and above 50 Years of Age (%)

Approximately 48% of all PNS teachers will reach retirement age between 2017 and 2027. Analyses of data from MOEC and MORA administrative databases from 2017 reveals that over the next 10 years approximately 48% of MOEC’s PNS teaching cadre will reach 60 years of age, the mandatory retirement age for PNS teachers. For MORA, the pattern is different and only 19% of the PNS teachers will reach 60 by 2027 (Table 4).

Table 4. PNS Teachers Reaching Retirement Age be-tween 2017 and 2027 (%)

Age Groups PNS MOEC PNS MORA

Active (Age 18 - 49) 51.4% 80.2%Retiring (Age 50 - 60) 48.5% 19.5%Retired (Age 61 - 65) 0.1% 0.0%

Unknown (n/a) 0.0% 0.3%Total 100.0% 100.0%


2017)

According to the January 2017 administrative data, that at 48.5% (749,298) of MOEC’s PNS teachers will turn 60 between 2017 and 2027, nearly 73,000 in 2017 and 2018 alone (figure 3). For MORA, the pattern is somewhat different. Out of 124,045 MORA PNS teachers, only 19% (24,169) will reach retirement age between 2017 and 2027.


2017)

Retirement by province. Figure 5 depicts two variables for each province: the number of MOEC PNS teachers retiring between 2017 and 2019 and the proportion of all PNS teachers. Over the period 2017 to 2019, three provinces account 42% of the 53,212 PNS teacher who will reach 60 years of age during that period: East Java (19,555), Central Java (18,916), and West Java (14,741). Projected retirement for all provinces from 2019 - 2027 can be found in Appendices 5 and 6. Table 5 reports the number of teachers retiring by province and the percentage of all PNS teachers in by province. Appendix 7 presents the data on retirement patterns at MOEC and MORA by subject and year.

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Figure 5. MOEC PNS Teachers Retiring 2017-2019 (number) and Proportion of all PNS Teachers by Province (%)

C. INSIGHTS AND OPPORTUNITIES

The wave of PNS teacher retirement offers opportunities to improve teacher management without the widespread resistance encountered in the past. The teacher retirement pattern can address three challenges: equitable distribution of teacher resources, escalating teacher wage bill, and low value derived from high cost of teachers. Key insights from a review of the teacher retirement pattern address those opportunities in a relatively non-confrontational manner.

1. Reducing Inequitable distribution:

The distribution of PNS teachers is highly uneven between schools, districts, and provinces, but redistribution of serving teachers has been nearly impossible to achieve. However, transferring positions vacated by retired teachers may encounter less resistance.

Mapping PNS teacher locations reveals a higher than average concentration of teachers over 50 years of age in cities and in more desirable locations. This concentration can be attributed to a seniority-based teacher management system under a civil service model. At present, there is a moratorium on hiring new PNS teachers. It is not clear whether this hiring freeze applies to vacancies opened by retiring teachers. Assuming that at some point PNS teaching positions left vacant can be filled, four options for improving the equity of teacher distribution by redistributing vacant PNS teacher positions are: (i) from Western to Eastern Indonesia, (ii) within provinces for positions at the senior secondary level,

(iii) within districts or cities for positions at the primary and junior secondary levels, and (iv) Redistribution of primary teachers between schools in the same kecamatan or city ward Equity enhancing options include:

a. From Western to Eastern Indonesia: In general, Eastern Indonesia is less developed in terms of education than Western Indonesia. Transferring vacant positions of retired PNS teachers from west to east would assist the distribution to achieve a more equitable balance over time. The implication is that vacant PNS teacher positions in Java, Sumatra, and Bali, could gradually be transferred to schools in NTT, Sulawesi, Maluku and Papua. Between 2017 and 2019 up to 89,600 PNS positions could be redistributed.

b. Redistribution within provinces: In some cases, the variation in PNS STR within provinces is greater than the variation between provinces. Further analysis at the Provincial level would indicate whether transferring the PNS teacher positions between kabupaten would improve equity within the province. For planning purposes, field verified data should be used to identify over and under-supply of senior secondary level PNS teachers by subject and location. Figure 4 depicts the variation in PNS STR for primary schools at the provincial level for grades 1-6. Not much variation between senior secondary schools.

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Figure 4. Indicative Distribution of MOEC PNS Teachers for SD within 34 Provinces by STR as of January 2017 (Range Median and Quartile)


c. Redistribution within districts: In some cases, the variation in PNS STR at the classroom level within kabupaten or cities appears to be wider than the

variation between provinces. Figure 5 depicts the variation of PNS teachers’ STR within East Java as compared to the median.

Figure 5: East Java MOEC PNS Teacher STR by District and City in January 2017 as of January 2017 (Range, Median and Quartile for all schools)


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d. Redistribution between schools in the same kecamatan or city ward. As senior PNS teachers tend to be concentrated in cities and surrounding areas, equity goals can be supported by redistribution of retired PNS positions within city and around cities. Again, field verification would identify the best locations for the intra-sub-district and option. In this case equity targets are based on proportion of PNS teachers in each school.

For example, in the Duren Sawit kecamatan in East Jakarta there are a total of 104 primary schools and 1749 primary teachers of whom 743 (42%) are PNS teacher. However, 530 of all the PNS teachers in 70 schools are age 50 and over (71%). This creates an opportunity for re-distribution of PNS teacher positions between schools in the same kecamatan based either on Minimum Service Standards (MSS)5 or on STR.

2. Reducing the PNS and non-PNS teacher wage bill

In 2017, the combined national level wage bill was approximately USD 13.5 billion. The Minister of Finance

5 one teacher per class and 1 teacher per school for religion and sports

raised the question about value for expenditure in February 2017 when she voiced questions in a public forum about teacher allowances asking, “are these really improving the quality of teaching?” 6 The pace of growth for the teacher wage and allowance bill can be slowed by retiring the PNS position along with the incumbent, gradually, to a set target. Over the next 10 years the accumulated savings for retiring MOEC and MORA teachers is calculated at just over USD 5 billion (Appendix 10). Table 6 estimates the wages and allowances for PNS teachers 50-60 years of age from 2017 to 2027 using the median salary and allowances of a PNS teacher at level IVa with 2 children. Given the fluidity of teacher flow, estimates of wages more than three years from the base year are increasingly fragile.

The wages and allowances for PNS teachers are mostly associated with seniority, therefore the wage bill for retiring teachers is likely to be higher than for younger teachers. On a year-by-year basis, the wage bill for retiring teachers will vary depending upon the number and seniority of retirees. Finally, as PNS teachers may leave the profession before reaching retirement age, and if replaced are likely to be substituted by younger PNS teachers. The figures in table 6 are median estimates based on 2017 data.

6 Finance Detik. 2017. Begitu juga dengan tunjangan guru yang nilainya mencapai kisaran Rp 25 triliun setiap tahunnya. Akan tetapi, kualitas guru masih dipertanyakan. “Kenaikan tunjangan guru, are these really improving the quality of teaching?,” https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3430353/sedihnya-sri-mulyani-menatap-hasil-apbn-ribuan-triliun

Table 6a. Estimates of Wages and Allowances for MOEC Retiring Teachers by Year between 2017 and 2027


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Table 6b. Estimates of Wages and Allowances for MORA Retiring Teachers by Year between 2017 and 2027 – Medi-an Scenario (USD millions)

Source: MORA EMIS Semester 1. 2016/2017 (accessed 4 April 2017)

Table 6c Estimates of Wages and Allowances for MOEC and MORA Retiring Teachers by Year between 2017 and 2027 – Median Scenario (USD millions)


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3. Enabling a Sustainable Teacher Management Model

The retirement wave is a one-time phenomenon which could ease transition from an unsustainable teacher management model to one that better fits the Indonesian situation from both the financing and professional perspectives. Two of many alternative options for a financially sustainable teacher management are: (i) governance--changing from a civil service paradigm to one that has some attributes of a labor market, and (ii) finance--creating a financial disincentive for over hiring at the school level.

The attrition of retiring teachers opens the opportunity to modify the teacher promotion system. Simply adding more stringent filters to the current promotion system and salary structure can improve the quality of teaching. Moving from a strictly seniority system to one based on performance according to some proxies for quality may ultimately lead to improvements in the quality of teaching and learning

The fundamental challenges to changing the paradigm include teacher expectations and the need to revise legal, regulatory, and bureaucratic frameworks that govern teacher management. The institutional culture, tradition, and special interests that characterize the PNS teacher management system are so entrenched that any change needs to be either non-threatening to incumbents, incremental, or undertaken in response to a compelling crisis. Indonesian PNS teachers are accustomed to the security of civil service status and its high stability—tenure, predictable emoluments, seniority system—and low accountability. Non-PNS teachers aspire to civil service status and view their low salaries, temporary status, and lack of pensions and other benefits as only a stage in their pathway to PNS positions.

The teacher retirement pattern can enable a gradual change in the composition of the teaching cadre from civil servant and non-civil servant to a new category permitted under the 2014 Civil Service Reform Act: “contract-based national government employee.” 7 Teachers could be hired nationally to national certification standards. They could compete for vacancies and be offered 5-year renewable contracts. While their base wages could be set nationally, labor market dynamics could dictate their benefits at the “market price” needed to attract the type of teachers needed in that location.

The current teacher management model contains perverse incentives. Under the current teacher management and financing model teacher positions are assigned, in theory, on the basis of service standards; in practice, some schools are resourced in excess of those standards while others are under-resourced. Over resourcing is not a problem for the school, because teachers arrive fully funded and benefit from the national budget as individuals. Rather than considering teachers on an individual basis, the central government could resource a complement of teacher positions per school based on service standards.

The teachers’ remuneration pattern could be restructured to be comprised of two parts: the individual part comprising salary and benefits; the second part is school based, an incremental sum provided until the number of teachers reaches the national standard. The school based portion is intended to be divided equally amongst all teachers. Therefore, should the number of teachers exceed the national standard, the portion received by any individual teacher would be reduced. This combination of individual and school-based financing for teachers would act as a disincentive for over-hiring teacher by school management.

7 Law No. 5/2014 on the Indonesian civil service

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ANNEXES

1. Teacher Data Management

2. Teacher Wage Calculation Parameters

Annex 1. Teacher Data Management

Data Collection’

The data was obtained from two sources:

1. Data Pokok Pendidikan (DAPODIK) from Pusat Data Statistik Pendidikan (PDSP) of the Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC).

a. Period 1: Semester 1 Academic Year 2015/2016

b. Period 2: Semester 1 Academic Year 2016/2017

Data comparison:

PNS Non-PNS Total PNS Non-PNS Total

Received Date

Data Format

Total Data Received 1,601,494 1,266,718 2,868,212 1,545,375 1,234,504 2,779,879

Duplicate Data(Teachers' ID)

223 10 233 37 195 232

Total Data Used 1,601,271 1,266,708 2,867,979 1,545,338 1,234,309 2,779,647

Total Data Match(Between Data Sources)

1,489,621 1,118,081 2,607,702 1,545,338 1,234,309 2,779,647

Total Data Mismatch(Drop/New)

111,650 148,627 260,277 0 0 0

The Number of Variables of Teachers Profile

10 variables + 9 supplement files (linkable) 26 variables

December 2016 January 2017 & May 2017

Comparison

Data Source

DAPODIK Semester 1 2016/2017DAPODIK Semester 1 2015/2016

Database backup file (.bak) Microsoft Access (.accdb)

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2. Education Management Information System (EMIS) from the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA). Data peri-od was Semester 1 Academic Year 2016/2017 (received date: 29 March 2017).

Data Processing

Data initially obtained must be processed or organised for analysis. Stages of data processing:

1. Converting data from database format (e.g: .bak; .accdb; .mdb) into statistical software/SPSS format (.sav)

2. Checking data requirement for the data analysis, including variable identification

3. Cleaning data from duplication, incomplete and unrealistic data.

4. Merging between data file (teachers data file with school data file)

5. Grouping data into new data group needed by analysis.

Variables Original Data Recode DataTeachers Qualification Belum S1 < S1

D4

≥ S1S1S2S3

Employment Status CPNS

PNSPNSPNS DepagPNS DiperbantukanGTY/PTY

Non PNS

Honor Daerah TK.I ProvinsiHonor Daerah TK.II Kab/KotaTenaga Honor SekolahGuru Bantu PusatGuru Honor SekolahKontrak Kerja WNALainnya

Certification Status Sertifikat Pendidik (PSPL)

Sudah Sertifikasi

Sertifikat InduksiPendidikan dan Pel Prof (PLPG)Pelatihan Profesi Guru (PPG)Portofolio (PF)LainnyaLainnya Kepala SekolahLainnya GuruLainnya Laboranbelum Belum Sertifikasi

Data Cleaning

17


Once processed and organized, the data may be incomplete/missing, contain duplicates, or unsual amounts. Stage of data cleaning:

1. Remove duplicate value

The duplicate teachers’ data was identified by teachers’ ID (ptk_id), while the duplicate school data was iden-tified by school ID (sekolah id).

2. Estimate the missing data

The missing data were estimated using the other existing variable.

3. Recode the unusual amounts

The unusual amount (e.g: age below 18 or above 65) were recoded into “n/a”.

18


Annex 2.Teacher Wage Calculation Parameters

Salary Calculation and Assumption:

• There is no teacher individual salary data, therefore we need to predict it using civil servant salary rank table with several assumptions. Using this data, we are able to calculate civil servant teacher basic salary but not the non-civil servant one.

• The actual salary calculation is count some family incentives and the year teacher spent on that rank. Howev-er, since we do not have the data on how many years that they already spent on their latest rank and family members they have, we use only starter salary on each of the rank and with some limited of family incentive (based on data availability). The amount starter salary in each rank is on Table 1.

Table 1 Civil Servant Starter Salary Based on Rank

Rank Amount (Rp)I/a 1,486,500I/b 1,623,400I/c 1,692,100I/d 1,763,600II/a 1,926,000II/b 2,103,300II/c 2,192,300II/d 2,285,000III/a 2,456,700III/b 2,560,600III/c 2,668,900III/d 2,781,800IV/a 2,899,500IV/b 3,022,100IV/c 3,149,900IV/d 3,283,200IV/e 3,422,100

• In addition to the basic salary based on table 1, we use also use certification status to calculate teacher salary. By the rule, the certified civil servant (PNS) teacher will receives additional incentive that equal to one month of their salary. For the non-certified civil servant teacher, central government provides another type incentive that called as “tamsil” or extra income. The amount of this extra income is Rp. 250,000. The formu-la for civil servant salary is:

Certified salary = X *2

Non-certified salary = X + Rp. 250,000

Where: X is the starter salary that we get from table1.

• The certification incentive is also receive by the certified non-civil servant teacher. The incentive amount is depending whether their certification are already being equivalency (impassing) or not. For the one who have certification equivalency, the teacher will receive one month salary that equal to civil servant salary

19


with the same year experience and educational background, whereas the one without equivalency will re-ceive fix amount Rp.1,500,000. Based on the salary rank and certification status, we only able to predict the salary of civil servant (both certified and not) and the certified non-civil servant teacher. Salary formula for certified non-civil servant teacher that we use:

X if they have already impassing their certification and Rp. 1,500,000 if not.

X is also from table 1.

• Another type of teacher that is the civil servant candidate (CPNS), they are the new teacher or just convert-ed their status from non-civil servant to civil servant. This status is a kind of probation status, where teacher spent a year before they have to join 3 week of civic training and become civil servant. During this period they are only receive 80% of their salary and they are also receive 80% of certification allowance if they are already certified. Salary formula for civil servant teacher candidate that we use:

Certified civil servant teacher candidate salary =X * 0.8 * 2

Non-certified civil servant teacher candidate salary =X * 0.8

• From total more than 2,7 million of teacher (table 2), we only to predict around 54% of it (the yellow column is the total of teacher that we cannot predict their salary).

Table 2 Teacher by Status

Certified Non Certified MissingNon PNS 132,380 964,656 137,273 1,234,309PNS 1,055,240 381,011 53,601 1,489,852CPNS 4,879 46,606 4,001 55,486

Total 1,192,499 1,392,273 194,875 2,779,647

Certification StatusEmployment Status

Total

• The other challenge that we faced in predicting teacher salary is the missing rank status for many civil ser-vants teacher. There are 26,339 both civil servant and the candidate of it that have missing rank data (table 3). We need to make several assumptions using combination of age and education level for these missing data.

Table 3. Number of missing rank data

Available Missing

PNS 1,485,600 4,252 1,489,852CPNS 33,399 22,087 55,486Total 1,518,999 26,339 1,545,338

RankEmployment Status

Total

The assumptions are slightly difference for the certified and non-certified teacher, the assumptions are:

1. Certified Teacher, the assumptions are:

§ If the education level less than bachelor, by regulation to be certified, their rank should at least IV/a, therefore I assume all the teacher with non-bachelor degree but certified have IV/a rank

20


§ For all others education level (bachelor, master or PhD) if the age is 50 and over, we also assume their rank is IV/a

§ For Teacher below 50 years old, we assume the lowest rank that they can have based on their education level (if they have bachelor degree, the rank is III/a; if they have master de-gree, the rank is III/b and if they have PhD, the rank is III/c)

2. Non-certified teacher, the assumptions are:

§ For teacher above 50 years old, I assume their rank is III/d because the rule said all teacher with IV/a rank will be certified.

§ For Teacher below 50 years old, we assume the lowest rank that they can have based on their education level (If they have no bachelor degree, the rank is II/a; if they have bachelor degree, the rank is III/a; if they have master degree, the rank is III/b and if they have PhD, the rank is III/c)

§ For civil servant candidate, they assume to be III/a because they requirement for teacher recruitment should have at least bachelor degree.

3. Missing Certification Status, the assumtions are:

§ If they have no bachelor degree, the rank is II/a

§ if they have bachelor degree, the rank is III/a;

§ if they have master degree, the rank is III/b

§ if they have PhD, the rank is III/c

• Family Incentives for PNS or they called “Tunjangan Melekat” contain of:

1. Tunjangan Istri/Suami for PNS Teachers

§ PNS Only

§ 10% x Basic Salary

§ Regulation: ???

2. Tunjangan Anak for PNS Teachers

§ PNS Only

§ 2% x Basic Salary x Number of Children

§ Regulation: ???

3. Tunjangan PNS (Tenaga Kependidikan)

§ PNS only, based on Teachers’ Rank and Role (e.g: Teacher, Principal)

§ Regulation: Perpres No. 58 Tahun 2006

21


4. Tunjangan Umum for CPNS (PNS candidate)

§ CPNS only, based on Teachers’ Rank

§ Regulation: Perpres No. 12 Tahun 2006

5. Tunjangan Beras for PNS Teacher

§ PNS Only

§ 10 kg x Number of Family Member x Rp. 7,242

§ Regulation: Peraturan Dir. Perbendaharaan No. PER-3/PB/2015

6. Others (based on their role/function/placement):

a. Tunjangan Struktural

b. Tunjangan Fungsional

c. Tunjangan Daerah

d. Tunjangan Terpencil

e. Tunjangan Lain

f. Tunjangan Kompen

g. Pembulatan

h. Tunjangan PPh

• Based on the last database from PDSP (Semester 1 Academic Year 2016/2017), we do not have the data for counting all family incentive. Therefore, we used some assumtion to create the data/variable based on data availability. The assumptions are:

1. Mariage Status

§ Age < 30 : Not Married

§ Age ≥ 30 : Married

2. Number of Children

§ Age < 30 : no child

§ 30 ≤ Age ≤ 35 : 1 child

§ Age > 35 : 2 child

22


3. Total Family Member

§ Family Member = Employee (PNS) + Wife/Husband + Number of Children

• Example for Salary Calculation

Condition : Certified Teacher, Master Degree, Rank IV/a, 2 Children.

Calculation :

Basic Salary (Rank IV/a) = 2,899,500Rp

Allowances:1. Certification (1 x Basic Salary) = 2,899,500Rp 2. Tunjangan Istri (10% x Basic Salary) = 289,950Rp 3. Tunjangan Anak (2% x Basic Salary x No. Children) = 115,980Rp 4. Tunjangan PNS (Teacher, Rank IV/a) = 289,000Rp 5. Tunjangan Beras (10 kg x Family Member x Rp. 7,242 = 289,680Rp 6. Tunjangan Struktural = n/a7. Tunjangan Fungsional = n/a8. Tunjangan Daerah = n/a9. Tunjangan Terpencil = n/a10. Tunjangan Lain = n/a11. Tunjangan Kompen = n/a12. Pembulatan = n/a13. Tunjangan PPh = n/a

Potongan:1. potpfk10 = n/a2. POT PPH = n/a3. PTTABRUM = n/a

Total Salary (per month) = 6,783,610Rp Total Salary (per year) IDR = 91,086,430Rp Total Salary (per year) USD = 7,007$

Note : PNS Teacher will receive 13 times total salary (basic salary and allowances) plus 1 time basic salary for one year.

• Non-PNS Salary

1. Based on the last database from PDSP (Semester 1 Academic Year 2016/2017), we do not have the data for Non-PNS Salary. Therefore, we used some estimation to create the data/variable based on data availability. The estimation are:

1. Inpassing Non-PNS Teachers

§ 50% x PNS starting salary (based on teachers rank)

2. Not Inpassing Non-PNS Teachers

§ Rp. 750,000/month

• Allowance for Non-PNS Teachers:

23


1. Certification Allowances for Certified Non-PNS Teachers

a. Already impassing their certification = equal to PNS certification allowances (based on their rank)

b. Not Inpassing their certification yet = Rp. 1,500,000

2. Insentif Tunjangan Fungsional for all Non-PNS Teachers = Rp. 300,000

(PMK No.168/PMK.05/2015 dan Juknis Pemberian Insentif GBPNS Kemendikbud Tahun 2016)

24


APPENDICES

1. Teacher Employment Status

3. Teacher Salary Calculations

4. STR by Level – MOEC

5. STR by Level – MORA

6. PNS Teacher Retirement Pattern MOEC

7. PNS Techer Retirement Pattern MORA

8. PNS Teacher Retirement Pattern by Subject MOEC and MORA

9. Retiring PNS Teacher Salary Calculations

25


Appendix 1. MOEC and MORA Teachers by Employment Status

PNS Non-PNS

S1 1,061,225 150,599 1,211,824< S1 99,469 3,371 102,840Total 1,160,694 153,970 1,314,664

S1 310,196 932,026 1,242,222< S1 74,447 148,185 222,632Total 384,643 1,080,211 1,464,854

S1 1,371,421 1,082,625 2,454,046< S1 173,916 151,556 325,472Total 1,545,337 1,234,181 2,779,518

Sudah Sertifikasi

Belum Sertifikasi

Total

Status Sertifikasi KualifikasiMOEC


A. MOEC Teachers by Certification, Qualification and Employment Status

TOTAL CERTIFICATION QUALIFICATION

S1 PNS Non-PNS

< S1 PNS Non-PNS

Total

S1 PNS Non-PNS

Belum Sertifikasi

< S1 PNS Non-PNS

1,464,854

222,632 74,447 148,185

102,840 99,469 3,371

2,779,518

1,242,222 310,196 932,026

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

1,211,824 1,061,225 150,599

1,314,664

Sudah Sertifikasi


26


B. MORA Teachers by Certification, Qualification and Employment Status

PNS Non-PNS

S1 110,590 169,910 280,500< S1 937 2,595 3,532Total 111,527 172,505 284,032

S1 10,119 284,711 294,830< S1 2,399 70,000 72,399Total 12,518 354,711 367,229

S1 120,709 454,621 575,330< S1 3,336 72,595 75,931Total 124,045 527,216 651,261

Status Sertifikasi KualifikasiMOEC


Sudah Sertifikasi

Belum Sertifikasi

Total


S1 PNS Non-PNS

< S1 PNS Non-PNS

Total

S1 PNS Non-PNS

Belum Sertifikasi

< S1 PNS Non-PNS

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

280,500 110,590 169,910

Sudah Sertifikasi

284,032

367,229

72,399 2,399 70,000

3,532 937 2,595

651,261

294,830 10,119 284,711

Source: MORA EMIS Semester 1. 2016/2017 (accessed 4 April 2017)

27


C. MOEC and MORA Teachers by Certification, Qualification and Employment Status

PNS Non-PNS

S1 1,171,815 320,509 1,492,324< S1 100,406 5,966 106,372Total 1,272,221 326,475 1,598,696

S1 320,315 1,216,737 1,537,052< S1 76,846 218,185 295,031Total 397,161 1,434,922 1,832,083

S1 1,492,130 1,537,246 3,029,376< S1 177,252 224,151 401,403Total 1,669,382 1,761,397 3,430,779

Status Sertifikasi KualifikasiMOEC & MORA


Sudah Sertifikasi

Belum Sertifikasi

Total


S1 PNS Non-PNS

< S1 PNS Non-PNS

Total

S1 PNS Non-PNS

Belum Sertifikasi

< S1 PNS Non-PNS

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

1,492,324 1,171,815 320,509

Sudah Sertifikasi

1,598,696

1,832,083

295,031 76,846 218,185

106,372 100,406 5,966

3,430,779

1,537,052 320,315 1,216,737


28


Appendix 2. MOEC and MORA Teacher Salary Calculations 2017 – 2027

Estimation of MOEC Teacher Wages (PNS & Non-PNS) at National Level

IDRStatistics N Mean Median Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Total Gap with Previous Year

2017 2,772,651 49,022,202Rp 47,251,632Rp 33,828,581Rp 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 135,921,457,532,651Rp n/a2018 2,743,717 48,775,765Rp 45,671,430Rp 33,743,270Rp 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 133,826,894,893,892Rp 2,094,562,638,759-Rp 2019 2,696,068 48,145,048Rp 44,310,100Rp 33,625,198Rp 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 129,802,324,055,106Rp 4,024,570,838,786-Rp 2020 2,636,210 47,317,522Rp 44,116,026Rp 33,446,820Rp 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 124,738,925,175,919Rp 5,063,398,879,187-Rp 2021 2,563,289 46,257,845Rp 42,604,568Rp 33,183,808Rp 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 118,572,225,380,436Rp 6,166,699,795,484-Rp 2022 2,487,355 45,092,848Rp 41,093,110Rp 32,853,910Rp 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 112,161,921,009,889Rp 6,410,304,370,546-Rp 2023 2,407,472 43,811,071Rp 36,055,660Rp 32,439,249Rp 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 105,473,926,177,646Rp 6,687,994,832,244-Rp 2024 2,315,093 42,261,808Rp 14,400,000Rp 31,872,251Rp 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 97,840,014,956,530Rp 7,633,911,221,116-Rp 2025 2,224,278 40,718,059Rp 14,400,000Rp 31,249,975Rp 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 90,568,282,610,537Rp 7,271,732,345,993-Rp 2026 2,137,740 39,250,954Rp 14,400,000Rp 30,614,204Rp 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 83,908,334,458,020Rp 6,659,948,152,517-Rp 2027 2,047,159 37,699,073Rp 14,400,000Rp 29,890,202Rp 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 77,175,995,705,565Rp 6,732,338,752,455-Rp

USD (Kurs: $ 1 = Rp 13,000)Statistics N Mean Median Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Total Gap with Previous Year

2017 2,772,651 3,771$ 3,635$ 2,602$ 800$ 8,303$ 10,455,496,733$ n/a2018 2,743,717 3,752$ 3,513$ 2,596$ 800$ 8,303$ 10,294,376,530$ -161,120,203 $ 2019 2,696,068 3,703$ 3,408$ 2,587$ 800$ 8,303$ 9,984,794,158$ -309,582,372 $ 2020 2,636,210 3,640$ 3,394$ 2,573$ 800$ 8,303$ 9,595,301,937$ -389,492,221 $ 2021 2,563,289 3,558$ 3,277$ 2,553$ 800$ 8,165$ 9,120,940,414$ -474,361,523 $ 2022 2,487,355 3,469$ 3,161$ 2,527$ 800$ 8,165$ 8,627,840,078$ -493,100,336 $ 2023 2,407,472 3,370$ 2,774$ 2,495$ 800$ 8,165$ 8,113,378,937$ -514,461,141 $ 2024 2,315,093 3,251$ 1,108$ 2,452$ 800$ 8,165$ 7,526,154,997$ -587,223,940 $ 2025 2,224,278 3,132$ 1,108$ 2,404$ 800$ 8,165$ 6,966,790,970$ -559,364,027 $ 2026 2,137,740 3,019$ 1,108$ 2,355$ 800$ 8,165$ 6,454,487,266$ -512,303,704 $ 2027 2,047,159 2,900$ 1,108$ 2,299$ 800$ 8,165$ 5,936,615,054$ -517,872,212 $

Estimation of MORA Teacher Wages (PNS & Non-PNS) at National Level

IDRStatistics N Mean Median Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Total Gap with Previous Year

2017 644,435 31,533,341Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,781,078Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 20,321,188,476,506Rp n/a2018 642,850 31,504,588Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,751,142Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 20,252,724,440,796Rp 68,464,035,710-Rp 2019 640,709 31,451,657Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,700,794Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 20,151,359,444,500Rp 101,364,996,296-Rp 2020 638,056 31,384,733Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,641,918Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 20,025,217,344,946Rp 126,142,099,554-Rp 2021 631,308 31,203,927Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,489,147Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 19,699,288,510,526Rp 325,928,834,420-Rp 2022 627,505 31,093,538Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,401,917Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 19,511,350,503,682Rp 187,938,006,844-Rp 2023 622,266 30,943,659Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,291,681Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 19,255,186,681,220Rp 256,163,822,462-Rp 2024 615,613 30,749,176Rp 14,400,000Rp 27,148,359Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 18,929,592,453,090Rp 325,594,228,130-Rp 2025 607,569 30,488,128Rp 14,400,000Rp 26,959,213Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 18,523,641,522,812Rp 405,950,930,278-Rp 2026 597,027 30,117,320Rp 14,400,000Rp 26,687,979Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 17,980,853,249,534Rp 542,788,273,278-Rp 2027 585,597 29,666,159Rp 14,400,000Rp 26,352,259Rp 10,500,000Rp 106,147,762Rp 17,372,413,989,114Rp 608,439,260,420-Rp

USD (Kurs: $ 1 = Rp 13,000)Statistics N Mean Median Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Total Gap with Previous Year

2017 644,435 2,426$ 1,108$ 2,137$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,563,168,344$ n/a2018 642,850 2,423$ 1,108$ 2,135$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,557,901,880$ -5,266,464 $ 2019 640,709 2,419$ 1,108$ 2,131$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,550,104,573$ -7,797,307 $ 2020 638,056 2,414$ 1,108$ 2,126$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,540,401,334$ -9,703,238 $ 2021 631,308 2,400$ 1,108$ 2,115$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,515,329,885$ -25,071,449 $ 2022 627,505 2,392$ 1,108$ 2,108$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,500,873,116$ -14,456,770 $ 2023 622,266 2,380$ 1,108$ 2,099$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,481,168,206$ -19,704,909 $ 2024 615,613 2,365$ 1,108$ 2,088$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,456,122,496$ -25,045,710 $ 2025 607,569 2,345$ 1,108$ 2,074$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,424,895,502$ -31,226,995 $ 2026 597,027 2,317$ 1,108$ 2,053$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,383,142,558$ -41,752,944 $ 2027 585,597 2,282$ 1,108$ 2,027$ 808$ 8,165$ 1,336,339,538$ -46,803,020 $

29


Estimation of MOEC & MORA Teacher Wages (PNS & Non-PNS) at National Level

IDRStatistics N Minimum Maximum Total Gap with Previous Year

2017 3,417,086 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 156,242,646,009,157Rp n/a2018 3,386,567 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 154,079,619,334,688Rp 2,163,026,674,469-Rp 2019 3,336,777 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 149,953,683,499,606Rp 4,125,935,835,082-Rp 2020 3,274,266 10,405,500Rp 107,941,762Rp 144,764,142,520,865Rp 5,189,540,978,741-Rp 2021 3,194,597 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 138,271,513,890,962Rp 6,492,628,629,904-Rp 2022 3,114,860 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 131,673,271,513,571Rp 6,598,242,377,390-Rp 2023 3,029,738 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 124,729,112,858,866Rp 6,944,158,654,706-Rp 2024 2,930,706 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 116,769,607,409,620Rp 7,959,505,449,246-Rp 2025 2,831,847 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 109,091,924,133,349Rp 7,677,683,276,271-Rp 2026 2,734,767 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 101,889,187,707,554Rp 7,202,736,425,795-Rp 2027 2,632,756 10,405,500Rp 106,147,762Rp 94,548,409,694,679Rp 7,340,778,012,875-Rp

USD (Kurs: $ 1 = Rp 13,000)Statistics N Minimum Maximum Total Gap with Previous Year

2017 3,417,086 800$ 8,303$ 12,018,665,078$ n/a2018 3,386,567 800$ 8,303$ 11,852,278,410$ -166,386,667 $ 2019 3,336,777 800$ 8,303$ 11,534,898,731$ -317,379,680 $ 2020 3,274,266 800$ 8,303$ 11,135,703,271$ -399,195,460 $ 2021 3,194,597 800$ 8,165$ 10,636,270,299$ -499,432,972 $ 2022 3,114,860 800$ 8,165$ 10,128,713,193$ -507,557,106 $ 2023 3,029,738 800$ 8,165$ 9,594,547,143$ -534,166,050 $ 2024 2,930,706 800$ 8,165$ 8,982,277,493$ -612,269,650 $ 2025 2,831,847 800$ 8,165$ 8,391,686,472$ -590,591,021 $ 2026 2,734,767 800$ 8,165$ 7,837,629,824$ -554,056,648 $ 2027 2,632,756 800$ 8,165$ 7,272,954,592$ -564,675,232 $

30


Appendix 3. STR of MOEC PNS Teachers by Province and District– MOEC

A. STR of MOEC PNS Teachers by Province

The number and % of PNS and non-PNS MOEC teachers (SD, SMP, SMA/SMK) by province

Province Number of TeachersNum

Students

Number

of

Schools

STR

(PNS)

Frequency Percentage

PNS Non-PNS Total PNS Non-PNS Total

Aceh 51,461 37,356 88,817 57.9% 42.1% 100.0% 860,248 5,109 1 : 17Bali 30,313 17,684 47,997 63.2% 36.8% 100.0% 766,324 3,160 1 : 25Bangka Belitung 10,194 4,204 14,398 70.8% 29.2% 100.0% 260,037 1,117 1 : 26Banten 41,580 53,302 94,882 43.8% 56.2% 100.0% 2,021,916 6,978 1 : 49Bengkulu 18,285 9,050 27,335 66.9% 33.1% 100.0% 377,037 1,980 1 : 21D.I. Yogyakarta 23,877 15,892 39,769 60.0% 40.0% 100.0% 554,552 2,651 1 : 23D.K.I. Jakarta 30,281 42,814 73,095 41.4% 58.6% 100.0% 1,550,827 4,782 1 : 51Gorontalo 10,170 5,216 15,386 66.1% 33.9% 100.0% 226,750 1,353 1 : 22Jambi 28,693 17,308 46,001 62.4% 37.6% 100.0% 628,425 3,425 1 : 22Jawa Barat 178,514 191,741 370,255 48.2% 51.8% 100.0% 7,831,792 28,550 1 : 44Jawa Tengah 180,566 140,916 321,482 56.2% 43.8% 100.0% 5,202,110 24,681 1 : 29Jawa Timur 189,716 168,431 358,147 53.0% 47.0% 100.0% 5,325,068 27,050 1 : 28Kalimantan Barat 37,944 23,708 61,652 61.5% 38.5% 100.0% 996,210 6,119 1 : 26Kalimantan Selatan 32,014 14,571 46,585 68.7% 31.3% 100.0% 612,451 3,778 1 : 19Kalimantan Tengah 27,757 11,524 39,281 70.7% 29.3% 100.0% 475,798 3,741 1 : 17Kalimantan Timur 24,695 18,181 42,876 57.6% 42.4% 100.0% 697,516 2,840 1 : 28Kalimantan Utara 6,316 3,213 9,529 66.3% 33.7% 100.0% 129,895 684 1 : 21Kepulauan Riau 10,082 11,166 21,248 47.4% 52.6% 100.0% 360,306 1,400 1 : 36Lampung 53,125 40,153 93,278 57.0% 43.0% 100.0% 1,417,784 6,794 1 : 27Maluku 23,839 8,201 32,040 74.4% 25.6% 100.0% 405,634 2,675 1 : 17Maluku Utara 12,540 6,403 18,943 66.2% 33.8% 100.0% 267,541 1,999 1 : 21Nusa Tenggara Barat34,273 36,869 71,142 48.2% 51.8% 100.0% 854,303 4,521 1 : 25Nusa Tenggara Timur46,912 44,797 91,709 51.2% 48.8% 100.0% 1,348,847 7,193 1 : 29Papua 17,996 9,997 27,993 64.3% 35.7% 100.0% 593,033 3,191 1 : 33Papua Barat 8,666 4,264 12,930 67.0% 33.0% 100.0% 207,305 1,398 1 : 24Riau 42,560 41,841 84,401 50.4% 49.6% 100.0% 1,271,770 5,340 1 : 30Sulawesi Barat 11,312 9,684 20,996 53.9% 46.1% 100.0% 278,026 1,830 1 : 25Sulawesi Selatan 72,253 49,701 121,954 59.2% 40.8% 100.0% 1,703,402 8,918 1 : 24Sulawesi Tengah 28,970 14,940 43,910 66.0% 34.0% 100.0% 594,223 4,004 1 : 21Sulawesi Tenggara 26,507 16,531 43,038 61.6% 38.4% 100.0% 572,485 3,396 1 : 22Sulawesi Utara 23,852 10,396 34,248 69.6% 30.4% 100.0% 475,940 3,288 1 : 20Sumatera Barat 53,680 26,289 79,969 67.1% 32.9% 100.0% 1,081,714 5,391 1 : 20Sumatera Selatan 55,621 45,501 101,122 55.0% 45.0% 100.0% 1,573,844 6,708 1 : 28Sumatera Utara 100,825 82,408 183,233 55.0% 45.0% 100.0% 3,045,309 13,891 1 : 30

Total 1,545,389 1,234,252 2,779,641 55.6% 44.4% 100.0% 44,568,422 209,935 1 : 29

31


B. STR of MOEC PNS Teachers by District

Average of STR (PNS)

Average of STR (Total)

Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Prop. Aceh 16 10 860248 51461 37356Kab. Aceh Barat 13 8 29638 2328 1401Kab. Aceh Barat Daya 15 9 24211 1589 1192Kab. Aceh Besar 15 9 49513 3380 1944Kab. Aceh Jaya 12 9 14153 1152 437Kab. Aceh Selatan 14 8 38927 2766 1816Kab. Aceh Singkil 23 13 27986 1215 864Kab. Aceh Tamiang 22 14 53914 2419 1505Kab. Aceh Tengah 13 8 32629 2424 1433Kab. Aceh Tenggara 21 13 43136 2086 1179Kab. Aceh Timur 21 11 70087 3365 2911Kab. Aceh Utara 20 10 104971 5364 5671Kab. Bener Meriah 15 8 24403 1662 1415Kab. Bireuen 15 8 63806 4187 3867Kab. Gayo Lues 16 12 17695 1098 430Kab. Nagan Raya 15 10 26708 1819 914Kab. Pidie 15 8 64077 4174 3556Kab. Pidie Jaya 12 6 21167 1709 1783Kab. Simeulue 15 8 19630 1292 1298Kota Banda Aceh 17 13 43198 2517 757Kota Langsa 18 12 28991 1610 803Kota Lhokseumawe 20 12 34882 1743 1275Kota Sabang 10 7 6432 632 247Kota Subulussalam 22 13 20094 930 658

Prop. Bali 25 16 766324 30313 17684Kab. Badung 33 18 113500 3411 2907Kab. Bangli 20 13 40998 2078 1121Kab. Buleleng 23 16 127789 5582 2524Kab. Gianyar 26 16 92811 3554 2364Kab. Jembrana 26 17 47267 1810 945Kab. Karang Asem 18 14 78478 4389 1284Kab. Klungkung 17 13 35844 2152 626Kab. Tabanan 17 11 69238 4062 2041Kota Denpasar 49 22 160399 3275 3872Prop. Bangka Belitung 25 18 260037 10194 4204Kab. Bangka 30 19 57912 1946 1146

32




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kab. Bangka Barat 27 18 37431 1403 723Kab. Bangka Selatan 28 18 36269 1296 701Kab. Bangka Tengah 25 20 33497 1362 298Kab. Belitung 22 17 32895 1505 391Kab. Belitung Timur 16 14 21922 1370 233Kota Pangkalpinang 31 20 40111 1312 712

Prop. Banten 49 21 2021916 41580 53302Kab. Lebak 33 19 229286 6972 4955Kab. Pandeglang 30 17 225208 7426 6195Kab. Serang 42 21 261162 6156 6366Kab. Tangerang 78 25 532027 6855 14174Kota Cilegon 33 18 77949 2394 2006Kota Serang 43 23 133945 3140 2774Kota Tangerang 60 22 323221 5375 9164Kota tangerang Selatan 73 22 239118 3262 7668

Prop. Bengkulu 20 13 377037 18285 9050Kab. Bengkulu Selatan 16 13 33974 2099 507Kab. Bengkulu Tengah 13 11 20683 1541 385Kab. Bengkulu Utara 24 13 56199 2327 2061Kab. Kaur 21 13 25078 1189 741Kab. Kepahiang 18 13 24381 1324 496Kab. Lebong 17 13 20287 1219 344Kab. Muko-muko 23 13 35379 1561 1148Kab. Rejang Lebong 24 16 53506 2260 1140Kab. Seluma 20 14 36193 1785 828Kota Bengkulu 24 16 71357 2980 1400

Prop. D.I. Yogyakarta 23 14 554552 23877 15892Kab. Bantul 24 15 134113 5697 3471Kab. Gunung Kidul 19 12 98638 5266 2659Kab. Kulon Progo 16 11 64848 3976 1721Kab. Sleman 27 15 157729 5798 4834Kota Yogyakarta 32 16 99224 3140 3207

Prop. D.K.I. Jakarta 48 20 1550827 30281 42814Kab. Kepulauan Seribu 22 13 4314 198 131Kota Jakarta Barat 60 21 328918 5500 9875Kota Jakarta Pusat 48 21 162446 3394 4467Kota Jakarta Selatan 48 21 339971 7090 9434Kota Jakarta Timur 45 21 473306 10420 11609

33




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kota Jakarta Utara 66 22 241872 3679 7298

Prop. Gorontalo 22 14 226750 10170 5216Kab. Boalemo 22 13 29035 1307 906Kab. Bone Bolango 19 14 29574 1550 635Kab. Gorontalo 26 17 74442 2880 1621Kab. Gorontalo Utara 23 13 25017 1091 875Kab. Pohuwato 20 14 28003 1377 696Kota Gorontalo 21 17 40679 1965 483

Prop. Jambi 21 13 628425 28693 17308Kab. Batang Hari 20 14 50398 2549 1167Kab. Bungo 23 15 63534 2734 1519Kab. Kerinci 14 8 38114 2631 1936Kab. Merangin 22 12 67128 3083 2323Kab. Muaro Jambi 20 14 66332 3280 1366Kab. Sarolangun 23 13 53082 2341 1786Kab. Tanjung Jabung Barat 25 15 55289 2229 1536Kab. Tanjung Jabung Timur 17 13 37277 2163 609Kab. Tebo 24 14 57947 2440 1639Kota Jambi 33 19 120238 3641 2767Kota Sungai Penuh 12 8 19086 1602 660

Prop. Jawa Barat 42 20 7831792 178514 191741Kab. Bandung 52 25 600823 11664 12162Kab. Bandung Barat 42 21 262123 6185 6191Kab. Bekasi 63 23 510760 8140 14082Kab. Bogor 82 26 866098 10596 23063Kab. Ciamis 24 15 166669 6992 4114Kab. Cianjur 44 20 407326 9270 11047Kab. Cirebon 40 21 349252 8771 7606Kab. Garut 43 20 469643 10943 12566Kab. Indramayu 39 19 285715 7295 7425Kab. Karawang 50 26 399372 8063 7573Kab. Kuningan 25 17 185208 7395 3690Kab. Majalengka 26 17 190432 7370 3910KAB. PANGANDARAN 23 13 56259 2418 1795Kab. Purwakarta 36 21 168188 4706 3257Kab. Subang 35 18 255661 7216 6721Kab. Sukabumi 51 23 386151 7523 9374Kab. Sumedang 26 17 185648 7215 3906Kab. Tasikmalaya 31 17 275465 8908 7134

34




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kota Bandung 41 20 458860 11075 11701Kota Banjar 27 17 34504 1259 823Kota Bekasi 74 23 450582 6067 13139Kota Bogor 49 23 211210 4267 4811Kota Cimahi 37 22 101005 2718 1804Kota Cirebon 33 19 78902 2384 1877Kota Depok 75 24 284512 3804 8077Kota Sukabumi 35 19 67439 1934 1568Kota Tasikmalaya 29 19 123985 4336 2325

Prop. Jawa Tengah 28 16 5202110 180566 140916Kab. Banjarnegara 27 16 129828 4841 3208Kab. Banyumas 33 18 260195 7988 6483Kab. Batang 27 16 101410 3790 2477Kab. Blora 25 14 131041 5228 4061Kab. Boyolali 24 14 135664 5756 3774Kab. Brebes 38 19 264808 6919 7309Kab. Cilacap 37 18 289061 7800 8471Kab. Demak 33 17 146843 4451 4271Kab. Grobogan 37 18 208108 5640 5662Kab. Jepara 28 16 147962 5296 3851Kab. Karanganyar 23 15 128845 5683 3000Kab. Kebumen 29 17 209997 7274 5251Kab. Kendal 30 16 149457 5027 4130Kab. Klaten 25 14 186455 7552 5784Kab. Kudus 23 15 107137 4661 2633Kab. Magelang 28 16 156707 5666 4411Kab. Pati 24 14 156175 6625 4303Kab. Pekalongan 27 17 129384 4738 2930Kab. Pemalang 38 19 235603 6274 5907Kab. Purbalingga 27 17 134803 4908 2925Kab. Purworejo 24 14 122087 5159 3452Kab. Rembang 23 15 85533 3791 2075Kab. Semarang 26 16 137482 5247 3368Kab. Sragen 25 14 146483 5770 4506Kab. Sukoharjo 23 14 122724 5304 3759Kab. Tegal 35 19 223163 6315 5431Kab. Temanggung 26 15 101416 3920 2643Kab. Wonogiri 22 12 144637 6471 5280Kab. Wonosobo 26 17 121046 4611 2606

35




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kota Magelang 24 15 37848 1575 971Kota Pekalongan 28 17 45983 1648 1075Kota Salatiga 26 15 40337 1566 1104Kota Semarang 44 19 274507 6242 8304Kota Surakarta 28 15 135442 4803 4180Kota Tegal 27 16 53939 2027 1321

Prop. Jawa Timur 27 15 5325068 189716 168431Kab. Bangkalan 38 17 172725 4514 5537Kab. Banyuwangi 30 16 224951 7492 6682Kab. Blitar 21 13 131900 6309 3742Kab. Bojonegoro 24 14 151163 6384 4777Kab. Bondowoso 19 11 97248 5028 3801Kab. Gresik 34 16 145777 4232 5081Kab. Jember 36 17 328728 9103 10548Kab. Jombang 28 16 163781 5846 4455Kab. Kediri 28 17 191413 6770 4511Kab. Lamongan 23 12 132237 5765 5678Kab. Lumajang 27 15 128943 4850 4009Kab. Madiun 18 13 82952 4616 1967Kab. Magetan 16 11 82634 5286 2026Kab. Malang 35 17 322514 9294 10015Kab. Mojokerto 26 15 134539 5187 3868Kab. Nganjuk 23 14 152181 6580 4007Kab. Ngawi 18 13 109104 5908 2631Kab. Pacitan 17 11 72069 4145 2459Kab. Pamekasan 24 11 108221 4501 5805Kab. Pasuruan 33 18 202020 6038 5395Kab. Ponorogo 18 12 114422 6201 3460Kab. Probolinggo 29 14 134279 4559 5161Kab. Sampang 32 13 125180 3884 5558Kab. Sidoarjo 43 20 309153 7253 8244Kab. Situbondo 24 10 93406 3963 5019Kab. Sumenep 21 9 103507 4942 6166Kab. Trenggalek 19 13 89985 4797 2291Kab. Tuban 26 14 133432 5085 4156Kab. Tulungagung 22 13 149163 6739 4950Kota Batu 26 16 30818 1197 780Kota Blitar 27 17 39598 1456 836Kota Kediri 31 18 68290 2205 1689

36




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kota Madiun 18 14 39353 2157 617Kota Malang 38 18 161786 4235 4766Kota Mojokerto 32 18 33969 1047 849Kota Pasuruan 29 17 39459 1348 935Kota Probolinggo 24 16 39556 1641 900Kota Surabaya 53 20 484612 9159 15060

Prop. Kalimantan Barat 25 16 996210 37944 23708Kab. Bengkayang 23 15 57229 2468 1286Kab. Kapuas Hulu 19 13 51189 2666 1292Kab. Kayong Utara 21 15 24289 1166 408Kab. Ketapang 31 15 99775 3269 3348Kab. Kuburaya 26 16 91465 3508 2243Kab. Landak 28 16 83620 3033 2222Kab. Melawi 22 13 42508 1898 1294Kab. Mempawah 20 15 43057 2136 669Kab. Sambas 26 17 112431 4396 2179Kab. Sanggau 28 17 88024 3186 2096Kab. Sekadau 24 15 42355 1802 1004Kab. Sintang 28 16 91694 3219 2353Kota Pontianak 37 21 123491 3376 2646Kota Singkawang 25 18 45083 1821 668

Prop. Kalimantan Sela-tan 19 13 612451 32014 14571Kab. Balangan 11 9 18498 1609 508Kab. Banjar 18 13 67684 3713 1640Kab. Barito Kuala 17 12 45048 2662 966Kab. Hulu Sungai Selatan 12 10 30224 2479 625Kab. Hulu Sungai Tengah 14 11 35894 2517 846Kab. Hulu Sungai Utara 11 8 23989 2278 584Kab. Kota Baru 27 15 59680 2214 1756Kab. Tabalong 17 12 41687 2407 1214Kab. Tanah Bumbu 26 15 56237 2192 1576Kab. Tanah Laut 20 14 54286 2731 1186Kab. Tapin 14 12 27251 1942 292Kota Banjarbaru 25 16 41920 1664 912Kota Banjarmasin 31 18 110053 3606 2466

Prop. Kalimantan Ten-gah 17 12 475798 27757 11524

37




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kab. Barito Selatan 14 9 25159 1850 901Kab. Barito Timur 11 8 19642 1817 656Kab. Barito Utara 14 10 28187 2042 731Kab. Gunung Mas 14 11 25016 1779 502Kab. Kapuas 16 11 56584 3485 1553Kab. Katingan 16 13 34260 2106 503Kab. Kotawaringin Barat 25 17 49978 2013 995Kab. Kotawaringin Timur 30 16 86535 2872 2423Kab. Lamandau 13 11 15817 1234 220Kab. Murung Raya 16 11 24879 1511 671Kab. Pulang Pisau 11 9 22633 1990 511Kab. Seruyan 25 13 30762 1245 1075Kab. Sukamara 13 11 10322 775 148Kota Palangka Raya 15 13 46024 3038 635Prop. Kalimantan Timur 28 15 697516 24695 18181Kab. Berau 24 14 46764 1973 1342Kab. Kutai Barat 22 10 35469 1629 1947Kab. Kutai Kartanegara 22 15 142752 6555 3102Kab. Kutai Timur 30 16 69426 2284 2030KAB. MAHAKAM ULU 27 10 6811 255 429Kab. Paser 25 14 51513 2095 1466Kab. Penajam Paser Utara 22 16 33846 1565 605Kota Balikpapan 42 21 120504 2903 2724Kota Bontang 35 17 34983 1004 1099Kota Samarinda 35 20 155448 4432 3437

Prop. Kalimantan Utara 19 13 129895 6316 3213Kab. Bulungan 17 12 28681 1658 749Kab. Malinau 15 10 16651 1141 605Kab. Nunukan 24 14 37422 1590 1010Kab. Tana Tidung 9 7 4461 520 86Kota Tarakan 30 20 42680 1407 763Prop. Kepulauan Riau 29 14 360306 10082 11166Kab. Bintan 21 14 29917 1429 642Kab. Karimun 28 14 47646 1711 1576Kab. Kepulauan Anambas 19 10 9657 515 451Kab. Lingga 12 9 17598 1486 566Kab. Natuna 15 10 15719 1032 602Kota Batam 78 22 196633 2533 6442Kota Tanjungpinang 31 19 43136 1376 887

38




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Prop. Lampung 26 15 1417784 53125 40153Kab. Lampung Barat 23 13 49137 2176 1540Kab. Lampung Selatan 32 18 160486 5079 3999Kab. Lampung Tengah 26 15 206396 7797 5969Kab. Lampung Timur 27 15 157873 5921 4600Kab. Lampung Utara 23 13 110964 4818 3468Kab. Mesuji 28 16 35404 1254 934Kab. Pesawaran 22 14 69404 3171 1885KAB. PESISIR BARAT 25 14 28591 1134 972Kab. Pringsewu 22 15 76054 3435 1759Kab. Tanggamus 24 14 92625 3932 2680Kab. Tulang Bawang 34 16 73074 2172 2395Kab. Tulang Bawang Barat 27 15 47343 1780 1329Kab. Way Kanan 25 14 79468 3243 2570Kota Bandar Lampung 34 18 189788 5511 4959Kota Metro 24 15 41177 1702 1094

Prop. Maluku 18 13 405634 23839 8201Kab. Buru 18 13 31063 1751 676Kab. Buru Selatan 22 14 18182 836 469Kab. Kepulauan Aru 18 15 23814 1302 298Kab. Maluku Barat Daya 17 15 21060 1238 193Kab. Maluku Tengah 15 11 86700 5747 2332Kab. Maluku Tenggara 15 12 26362 1740 461Kab. Maluku Tenggara Barat 18 14 31459 1736 583Kab. Seram Bagian Barat 17 12 48484 2896 1076Kab. Seram Bagian Timur 21 16 29413 1376 470Kota Ambon 16 13 72651 4489 1211Kota Tual 23 14 16446 728 432

Prop. Maluku Utara 23 14 267541 12540 6403Kab. Halmahera Barat 16 12 26454 1682 551Kab. Halmahera Selatan 33 17 57655 1731 1724Kab. Halmahera Tengah 15 11 12325 808 330Kab. Halmahera Timur 19 14 19286 1009 361Kab. halmahera Utara 27 17 40812 1490 846Kab. Kepulauan Morotai 22 13 14072 629 444Kab. Kepulauan Sula 22 14 23385 1070 647KAB. PULAU TALIABU 41 16 14651 359 543Kota Ternate 17 14 38439 2251 488Kota Tidore Kepulauan 14 10 20462 1511 469

39




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Prop. Nusa Tenggara Barat 24 12 854303 34273 36869Kab. Bima 23 8 104541 4629 8764Kab. Dompu 21 9 57809 2715 3782Kab. Lombok Barat 27 14 100901 3719 3242Kab. Lombok Tengah 25 13 136000 5360 5205Kab. Lombok Timur 29 14 194323 6623 7023Kab. Lombok Utara 29 15 37606 1299 1227Kab. Sumbawa 22 12 83424 3780 3388Kab. Sumbawa Barat 19 13 24828 1303 681Kota Bima 15 8 30648 2041 1759Kota Mataram 30 18 84223 2804 1798

Prop. Nusa Tenggara Timur 29 15 1348847 46912 44797Kab. Alor 26 11 48287 1888 2538Kab. Belu 28 15 53659 1904 1700Kab. Ende 22 12 63087 2819 2580Kab. Flores Timur 22 13 58350 2616 1962Kab. Kupang 27 13 85362 3192 3466Kab. Lembata 23 13 28925 1265 981KAB. MALAKA 29 14 51729 1794 1996Kab. Manggarai 40 20 96072 2413 2313Kab. Manggarai Barat 33 16 68302 2084 2278Kab. Manggarai Timur 35 14 77091 2216 3405Kab. Nagakeo 20 12 35039 1763 1169Kab. Ngada 23 14 39504 1686 1199Kab. Rote-Ndao 20 14 34758 1700 764Kab. Sabu Raijua 25 17 23126 909 458Kab. Sikka 26 14 75403 2879 2602Kab. Sumba Barat 37 17 38207 1025 1188Kab. Sumba Barat Daya 63 24 110038 1746 2899Kab. Sumba Tengah 23 13 21376 919 667Kab. Sumba Timur 30 15 67050 2216 2287Kab. Timor Tengah Selatan 31 16 122856 3942 3913Kab. Timor Tengah Utara 24 13 66462 2733 2391Kota Kupang 26 16 84164 3203 2041

Prop. Papua 40 25 593033 17996 9997Kab. Asmat 43 28 20619 483 252Kab. Biak Numfor 29 19 39022 1364 722

40




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kab. Boven Digoel 28 18 13793 499 273Kab. Deiyai 21 13 6993 341 207Kab. Dogiyai 62 33 16024 260 226Kab. Intan Jaya 48 29 3746 78 50Kab. Jaya Wijaya 40 27 35444 891 422Kab. Jayapura 24 16 33384 1382 706Kab. Keerom 19 13 12224 629 298Kab. Kepulauan Yapen 24 19 25230 1061 271Kab. Lanny Jaya 52 35 19153 368 174Kab. Mappi 50 29 27433 547 400Kab. Memberamo Raya 54 38 8093 151 63Kab. Membramo Tengah 69 37 6045 88 76Kab. Merauke 25 17 51828 2048 920Kab. Mimika 39 18 50316 1282 1460Kab. Nabire 27 17 36720 1355 855Kab. Nduga 40 33 5384 135 26Kab. Paniai 47 27 16967 360 266Kab. Pegunungan Bintang 21 19 3147 147 22kab. Puncak 59 25 4213 72 94Kab. Puncak Jaya 30 26 6204 204 37Kab. Sarmi 26 16 9369 362 227Kab. Supiori 14 13 6277 440 62Kab. Tolikara 72 40 20774 287 236Kab. Waropen 19 11 6698 348 236Kab. Yahukimo 113 59 39973 353 330Kab. Yalimo 45 30 9578 213 104Kota Jayapura 26 18 58382 2248 982

Prop. Papua Barat 28 16 207305 8666 4264Kab. Fak-Fak 15 12 17537 1178 305Kab. Kaimana 25 17 14005 562 271Kab. Manokwari 29 18 37745 1284 820Kab. Manokwari Selatan 37 15 5563 149 224Kab. Maybrat 20 14 6145 313 111Kab. Pegunungan Arfak 83 24 8584 103 251Kab. Raja Ampat 19 15 13872 749 172Kab. Sorong 18 14 21720 1199 347Kab. Sorong Selatan 22 15 12589 576 287Kab. Tambrauw 23 15 5379 229 134Kab. Teluk Bintuni 29 16 15022 521 425

41




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kab. Teluk Wondama 21 15 7983 377 165Kota Sorong 29 19 41161 1426 752Prop. Riau 29 15 1271770 42560 41841Kab. Bengkalis 29 15 127815 4339 4255Kab. Indragiri Hilir 27 14 112872 4181 3914Kab. Indragiri Hulu 26 14 87587 3353 2820Kab. Kampar 26 14 152288 5811 5038Kab. Kepulauan Meranti 21 12 35569 1688 1354Kab. Kuantan Singingi 19 11 64404 3447 2186Kab. Pelalawan 31 16 76717 2479 2441Kab. Rokan Hilir 39 16 132590 3387 4759Kab. Rokan Hulu 35 15 114028 3304 4277Kab. Siak 31 16 100647 3262 2850Kota Dumai 30 17 61528 2067 1628Kota Pekanbaru 39 18 205725 5242 6319

Prop. Sulawesi Barat 26 13 278026 11312 9684Kab. Majene 16 12 37259 2289 890Kab. Mamasa 23 9 39781 1693 2572Kab. Mamuju 30 14 60259 1986 2249KAB. MAMUJU TENGAH 37 15 24896 675 1034Kab. Mamuju Utara 28 16 33986 1205 913Kab. Polewali Mandar 24 15 81845 3464 2026Prop. Sulawesi Selatan 22 13 1703402 72253 49701Kab. Bantaeng 16 10 33828 2159 1286Kab. Barru 14 10 34083 2372 1048Kab. Bone 23 13 130431 5749 3917Kab. Bulukumba 23 13 78235 3340 2838Kab. Enrekang 17 11 45123 2689 1483Kab. Gowa 31 18 133962 4366 3220Kab. Jeneponto 26 14 69231 2708 2326Kab. Kepulauan Selayar 16 9 27649 1765 1199Kab. Luwu 26 14 79744 3071 2656Kab. Luwu Timur 28 17 57030 2043 1301Kab. Luwu Utara 30 14 64495 2147 2308Kab. Maros 23 15 66647 2856 1695Kab. Pangkajene Kepulauan 22 13 67867 3057 2314Kab. Pinrang 24 14 74987 3075 2428Kab. Sidenreng Rappang 19 13 53158 2738 1356Kab. Sinjai 18 11 49541 2772 1709

42




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kab. Soppeng 12 9 39023 3189 1175Kab. Takalar 21 12 58523 2787 1901Kab. Tana Toraja 24 15 62708 2607 1677Kab. Toraja Utara 27 16 66182 2485 1739Kab. Wajo 19 11 62344 3360 2089Kota Makassar 39 20 278197 7125 6775Kota Palopo 20 15 38902 1899 711Kota Parepare 17 13 31512 1894 550

Prop. Sulawesi Tengah 20 13 594223 28970 14940Kab. Banggai 20 13 72877 3696 1973Kab. Banggai Kepulauan 17 11 25715 1481 910KAB. BANGGAI LAUT 23 12 15087 669 604Kab. Buol 20 14 34917 1776 671Kab. Donggala 24 15 66398 2801 1672Kab. Morowali 18 13 25319 1390 631Kab. Morowali Utara 19 12 23713 1234 787Kab. Parigi Moutong 29 16 85884 2916 2520Kab. Poso 15 11 44608 3073 929Kab. Sigi 18 12 45815 2569 1271Kab. Tojo Una-Una 16 13 32272 1970 443Kab. Tolitoli 25 15 46404 1841 1232Kota Palu 21 16 75214 3554 1297

Prop. Sulawesi Tengga-ra 22 13 572485 26507 16531Kab. Bombana 21 12 31714 1507 1126Kab. Buton 18 11 27358 1503 993Kab. Buton Selatan 29 14 21705 756 747Kab. Buton Tengah 33 15 25065 762 894Kab. Buton Utara 15 12 15998 1067 241Kab. Kolaka 22 12 47214 2113 1695KAB. KOLAKA TIMUR 26 11 25226 974 1283Kab. Kolaka Utara 19 13 25363 1302 653Kab. Konawe 24 13 55011 2258 1854Kab. Konawe Kepulauan 29 14 7979 278 300Kab. Konawe Selatan 24 14 64476 2653 1833Kab. Konawe Utara 19 12 15806 813 470Kab. Muna 20 14 58800 2889 1452Kab. Muna Barat 24 13 20166 843 728Kab. Wakatobi 16 11 23199 1488 626

43




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Kota Baubau 18 14 36600 2000 556Kota Kendari 21 16 70805 3301 1080

Prop. Sulawesi Utara 19 14 475940 23852 10396Kab. Bolaang Mongondaw 23 14 42501 1871 1167Kab. Bolaang Mongondaw Selatan 20 14 12844 645 297Kab. Bolaang Mongondaw Timur 18 13 12812 699 280Kab. Bolaang Mongondow Utara 14 12 14753 1022 195Kab. Kep. Sangihe 13 9 21705 1656 743Kab. Kepulauan Sitaro 13 11 12526 982 191Kab. Kepulauan Talaud 11 9 17538 1532 430Kab. Minahasa 19 13 58116 3103 1325Kab. Minahasa Selatan 20 13 42852 2122 1115Kab. Minahasa Tenggara 19 14 23213 1239 381Kab. Minahasa Utara 22 14 38973 1801 1001Kota Bitung 28 19 39457 1431 695Kota Kotamobagu 24 17 26183 1101 462Kota Manado 26 17 92026 3563 1778Kota Tomohon 19 14 20441 1085 336

Prop. Sumatera Barat 20 13 1081714 53680 26289Kab. Agam 18 13 88584 4890 2006Kab. Dharmasraya 20 13 41278 2055 1022Kab. Kepulauan Mentawai 24 12 22666 931 960Kab. Lima Puluh Koto 16 12 68213 4217 1367Kab. Padang Pariaman 19 13 87483 4689 2130Kab. Pasaman 23 14 60786 2692 1528Kab. Pasaman Barat 28 16 83021 2965 2294Kab. Pesisir Selatan 21 12 101088 4930 3427Kab. Sijunjung 19 13 46912 2418 1143Kab. Solok 19 13 72295 3836 1869Kab. Solok Selatan 16 11 32530 2026 906Kab. Tanah Datar 16 13 65174 4116 907Kota Bukittinggi 26 17 35128 1370 742Kota Padang 26 16 171761 6541 4371Kota Padang Panjang 17 14 14349 844 215Kota Pariaman 15 13 23006 1515 252Kota Payakumbuh 23 15 35066 1545 725Kota Sawah Lunto 12 10 11846 969 174Kota Solok 18 15 20528 1131 251

44




Sum of Σ student

Sum of PNS

Sum of Non-PNS

Prop. Sumatera Sela-tan 29 15 1573844 55621 45501Kab. Banyuasin 29 16 142478 4865 3849Kab. Empat Lawang 28 14 49844 1762 1888Kab. Lahat 22 11 82136 3660 3810Kab. Muara Enim 28 16 117522 4176 3142Kab. Musi Banyuasin 33 16 132394 4011 4036Kab. Musi Rawas 24 15 73111 3010 1927Kab. Musi Rawas Utara 42 17 35364 841 1295Kab. Ogan Ilir 20 13 74779 3753 1961Kab. Ogan Komering Ilir 28 15 141984 5063 4255Kab. Ogan Komering Ulu 24 14 73352 3000 2162Kab. Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan 25 13 65025 2559 2386Kab. Ogan Komering Ulu Timur 24 15 109646 4632 2882Kab. Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir 56 19 41535 741 1477Kota Lubuk Linggau 27 16 49875 1870 1164Kota Pagar Alam 19 12 27387 1419 820Kota Palembang 37 20 316872 8591 7257Kota Prabumulih 24 14 40540 1668 1190

Prop. Sumatera Utara 28 16 3045309 100825 82408Kab. Asahan 31 18 133971 4280 3318Kab. Batubara 30 18 80690 2679 1841Kab. Dairi 26 17 79417 3078 1610Kab. Deli Serdang 38 19 340939 9075 8693Kab. Humbang Hasudutan 20 15 56620 2828 837Kab. Karo 21 15 83439 3931 1572Kab. Labuhan Batu 33 19 94002 2814 2253Kab. Labuhan Batu Selatan 36 18 57930 1625 1558Kab. Labuhan Batu Utara 30 16 73038 2423 2134Kab. Langkat 27 16 184473 6859 4458Kab. Mandailing Natal 23 13 95857 4163 3463Kab. Nias 35 16 42752 1227 1523Kab. Nias Barat 25 12 26525 1082 1046Kab. Nias Selatan 49 16 98092 1991 4316Kab. Nias Utara 28 12 39781 1402 1960Kab. Padang Lawas 26 16 49724 1877 1282Kab. Padang Lawas utara 25 15 50323 1978 1391Kab. Pakpak Bharat 15 11 11722 792 322Kab. Samosir 18 13 36256 1985 844Kab. Serdang Bedagai 30 17 123277 4055 3150Kab. Simalungun 24 15 171311 7157 4148Kab. Tapanuli Selatan 22 14 61300 2768 1590

45


Aver

age

of S

TR

(PN

S)

Aver

age

of S

TR

(Tot

al)

Sum

of Σ

st

uden

tSu

m o

f PN

SSu

m o

f N

on-P

NS

Kab.

Tap

anul

i Ten

gah

2414

7429

130

4223

28Ka

b. T

apan

uli U

tara

2314

8436

437

1021

76Ka

b. T

oba

Sam

osir

2014

5214

326

5210

63Ko

ta B

inja

i25

1664

968

2600

1584

Kota

Gun

ungs

itoli

2214

3689

316

4910

35Ko

ta M

edan

6021

5060

9384

8515

882

Kota

Pad

ang

Sidi

mpu

an23

1651

018

2260

1031

Kota

Pem

atan

gsia

ntar

3117

7730

724

8320

40Ko

ta S

ibol

ga26

1829

910

1139

512

Kota

Tan

jung

Bal

ai28

2035

777

1265

535

Kota

Teb

ing

Ting

gi28

1741

106

1471

913

Gran

d To

tal

2715

4456

8422

1545

389

1234

252

46


Appe

ndix

4. S

TR b

y Pr

ovin

ce a

ll le

vels

– M

ORA

Prov

ince

Dist

rict

PNS

Non

-PN

STo

tal

Σ st

uden

tST

R (P

NS)

STR

(Tot

al)

Aceh

Aceh

Bar

at56

256

41,

126

11,2

0220

10Ac

ehAc

eh B

arat

Day

a34

619

854

45,

897

1711

Aceh

Aceh

Bes

ar1,

241

1,14

22,

383

24,6

9420

10Ac

ehAc

eh Ja

ya16

828

545

34,

032

249

Aceh

Aceh

Sel

atan

512

722

1,23

49,

379

188

Aceh

Aceh

Sin

gkil

6817

123

92,

717

4011

Aceh

Aceh

Tam

iang

288

544

832

9,74

134

12Ac

ehAc

eh T

enga

h58

973

01,

319

11,6

9220

9Ac

ehAc

eh T

engg

ara

414

575

989

9,71

623

10Ac

ehAc

eh T

imur

711

897

1,60

822

,111

3114

Aceh

Aceh

Uta

ra1,

032

1,68

02,

712

24,2

0923

9Ac

ehBe

ner M

eria

h38

351

589

87,

984

219

Aceh

Bire

uen

1,33

11,

268

2,59

929

,935

2212

Aceh

Gayo

Lue

s12

116

028

12,

265

198

Aceh

Kota

Ban

da A

ceh

646

307

953

16,3

3825

17Ac

ehKo

ta L

angs

a35

143

178

210

,316

2913

Aceh

Kota

Lho

kseu

maw

e26

961

888

710

,813

4012

Aceh

Kota

Sab

ang

9543

138

1,35

014

10Ac

ehKo

ta S

ubul

ussa

lam

7621

529

13,

288

4311

Aceh

Nag

an R

aya

272

289

561

4,77

918

9Ac

ehPi

die

1,50

11,

430

2,93

126

,003

179

Aceh

Pidi

e Ja

ya61

054

41,

154

10,4

4017

9Ac

ehSi

meu

leu

9220

930

12,

503

278

Bali

Badu

ng7

124

131

2,13

630

516

Bali

Bang

li0

44

35#D

IV/0

!9

Bali

Bule

leng

168

409

577

6,68

140

12Ba

liGi

anya

r7

3340

364

529

Bali

Jem

bran

a24

728

753

47,7

6631

15

47


Prov

ince

Dist

rict

PNS

Non

-PN

STo

tal

Σ st

uden

tST

R (P

NS)

STR

(Tot

al)

Bali

Kara

ngas

em86

8316

92,

164

2513

Bali

Klun

gkun

g20

3858

900

4516

Bali

Kota

Den

pasa

r33

340

373

6,50

719

717

Bali

Taba

nan

1412

614

01,

744

125

12Ba

ngka

Bel

itung

Bang

ka12

535

648

156

5345

12Ba

ngka

Bel

itung

Bang

ka B

arat

5019

524

529

1658

12Ba

ngka

Bel

itung

Bang

ka S

elat

an16

117

133

1675

105

13Ba

ngka

Bel

itung

Bang

ka T

enga

h37

137

174

2721

7416

Bang

ka B

elitu

ngBe

litun

g51

7012

112

3124

10Ba

ngka

Bel

itung

Belit

ung

Tim

ur22

4062

840

3814

Bang

ka B

elitu

ngKo

ta P

angk

al P

inan

g13

510

824

337

4428

15Ba

nten

Kota

Cile

gon

212

1,15

11,

363

15,0

0071

11Ba

nten

Kota

Ser

ang

220

1,07

51,

295

15,6

9671

12Ba

nten

Kota

Tan

gera

ng36

92,

372

2,74

141

,104

111

15Ba

nten

Kota

Tan

gera

ng S

elat

an38

31,

816

2,19

936

,841

9617

Bant

enLe

bak

477

5,15

35,

630

61,0

7812

811

Bant

enPa

ndeg

lang

685

4,73

75,

422

64,7

5495

12Ba

nten

Sera

ng45

44,

403

4,85

768

,983

152

14Ba

nten

Tang

eran

g79

75,

672

6,46

911

3,02

214

217

Beng

kulu

Beng

kulu

Sel

atan

122

202

324

2,96

624

9Be

ngku

luBe

ngku

lu T

enga

h11

827

038

83,

324

289

Beng

kulu

Beng

kulu

Uta

ra12

131

543

64,

393

3610

Beng

kulu

Kaur

6017

023

02,

225

3710

Beng

kulu

Kepa

hian

g14

123

737

84,

911

3513

Beng

kulu

Kota

Ben

gkul

u36

131

167

28,

994

2513

Beng

kulu

Lebo

ng69

141

210

1,72

925

8Be

ngku

luM

uko

Muk

o27

117

144

1,99

174

14Be

ngku

luM

ukom

uko

7636

544

14,

014

539

Beng

kulu

Reja

ng L

ebon

g14

127

341

44,

102

2910

Beng

kulu

Selu

ma

9830

540

33,

215

338

48


Prov

ince

Dist

rict

PNS

Non

-PN

STo

tal

Σ st

uden

tST

R (P

NS)

STR

(Tot

al)

DI Y

ogya

kart

aBa

ntul

611

805

1,41

616

,907

2812

DI Y

ogya

kart

aGu

nung

Kid

ul47

698

41,

460

13,5

5828

9DI

Yog

yaka

rta

Kota

Yog

yaka

rta

191

308

499

5,86

831

12DI

Yog

yaka

rta

Kulo

n Pr

ogo

434

246

680

6,42

115

9DI

Yog

yaka

rta

Kulo

npro

go0

33

10#D

IV/0

!3

DI Y

ogya

kart

aSl

eman

606

876

1,48

219

,012

3113

DKI J

akar

taKe

pula

uan

Serib

u56

4710

375

113

7DK

I Jak

arta

Kota

Jaka

rta

Bara

t65

91,

865

2,52

450

,311

7620

DKI J

akar

taKo

ta Ja

kart

a Pu

sat

141

285

426

5,77

641

14DK

I Jak

arta

Kota

Jaka

rta

Sela

tan

1,27

62,

534

3,81

059

,843

4716

DKI J

akar

taKo

ta Ja

kart

a Ti

mur

1,75

82,

116

3,87

461

,952

3516

DKI J

akar

taKo

ta Ja

kart

a U

tara

749

887

1,63

627

,528

3717

Goro

ntal

oBo

alem

o11

319

430

73,

575

3212

Goro

ntal

oBo

ne B

olan

go13

218

231

43,

437

2611

Goro

ntal

oGo

ront

alo

324

525

849

9,67

430

11Go

ront

alo

Goro

ntal

o U

tara

5213

819

02,

358

4512

Goro

ntal

oKo

ta G

oron

talo

299

267

566

6,88

523

12Go

ront

alo

Pohu

wat

o17

822

340

14,

087

2310

Jam

biBa

tang

hari

241

545

786

7,86

633

10Ja

mbi

Bung

o34

059

793

710

,033

3011

Jam

biKe

rinci

561

779

1,34

09,

033

167

Jam

biKo

ta Ja

mbi

491

919

1,41

020

,169

4114

Jam

biKo

ta S

unga

i Pen

uh22

418

440

83,

524

169

Jam

biM

eran

gin

277

876

1,15

311

,945

4310

Jam

biM

uara

Jam

bi10

817

228

02,

964

2711

Jam

biM

uaro

Jam

bi20

154

474

56,

967

359

Jam

biSa

rola

ngon

8614

322

92,

716

3212

Jam

biSa

rola

ngun

160

629

789

6,52

941

8Ja

mbi

Tanj

ung

Jabu

ng B

arat

209

855

1,06

411

,560

5511

Jam

biTa

njun

g Ja

bung

Tim

ur13

177

590

67,

361

568

49


Prov

ince

Dist

rict

PNS

Non

-PN

STo

tal

Σ st

uden

tST

R (P

NS)

STR

(Tot

al)

Jam

biTe

bo19

81,

085

1,28

313

,959

7111

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Band

ung

575

5,63

76,

212

93,6

5816

315

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Band

ung

Bara

t49

94,

011

4,51

063

,897

128

14Ja

wa

Bara

tBe

kasi

498

5,03

55,

533

79,7

6116

014

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Bogo

r1,

090

10,0

5711

,147

231,

647

213

21Ja

wa

Bara

tCi

amis

1,02

63,

128

4,15

451

,856

5112

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Cian

jur

751

3,73

24,

483

76,3

9910

217

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Cire

bon

1,00

73,

921

4,92

875

,285

7515

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Garu

t88

57,

332

8,21

711

8,26

113

414

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Indr

amay

u64

83,

014

3,66

249

,022

7613

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Kara

wan

g35

02,

359

2,70

955

,708

159

21Ja

wa

Bara

tKo

ta B

andu

ng48

21,

602

2,08

434

,907

7217

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Kota

Ban

jar

117

472

589

7,706

6613

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Kota

Bek

asi

360

2,96

93,

329

51,9

7614

416

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Kota

Bog

or31

81,

127

1,44

527

,188

8519

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Kota

Cim

ahi

157

554

711

9,88

563

14Ja

wa

Bara

tKo

ta C

irebo

n24

139

663

710

,197

4216

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Kota

Dep

ok32

32,

900

3,22

360

,599

188

19Ja

wa

Bara

tKo

ta S

ukab

umi

195

618

813

12,0

2462

15Ja

wa

Bara

tKo

ta T

asik

mal

aya

291

1,54

41,

835

26,8

3392

15Ja

wa

Bara

tKu

ning

an66

21,

860

2,52

236

,227

5514

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Maj

alen

gka

832

1,92

02,

752

37,7

2145

14Ja

wa

Bara

tPa

ngan

dara

n24

51,

050

1,29

514

,688

6011

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Purw

akar

ta27

61,

332

1,60

825

,866

9416

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Suba

ng51

01,

955

2,46

531

,989

6313

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Suka

bum

i72

86,

681

7,40

912

5,06

417

217

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Sum

edan

g48

01,

492

1,97

226

,328

5513

Jaw

a Ba

rat

Tasik

mal

aya

1,02

65,

025

6,05

180

,429

7813

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Banj

arne

gara

729

1,81

62,

545

35,6

9049

14Ja

wa

Teng

ahBa

nyum

as1,

059

2,14

13,

200

53,1

1950

17

50


Prov

ince

Dist

rict

PNS

Non

-PN

STo

tal

Σ st

uden

tST

R (P

NS)

STR

(Tot

al)

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Bata

ng59

71,

225

1,82

227

,732

4615

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Blor

a18

71,

504

1,69

121

,887

117

13Ja

wa

Teng

ahBo

yola

li92

12,

124

3,04

541

,037

4513

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Breb

es64

73,

724

4,37

175

,725

117

17Ja

wa

Teng

ahCi

laca

p81

62,

402

3,21

853

,854

6617

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Dem

ak97

54,

005

4,98

070

,032

7214

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Grob

ogan

446

2,36

12,

807

42,4

2395

15Ja

wa

Teng

ahJe

para

387

4,50

64,

893

74,6

4219

315

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Kara

ngan

yar

469

934

1,40

319

,917

4214

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Kebu

men

760

2,23

82,

998

39,2

9252

13Ja

wa

Teng

ahKe

ndal

326

1,62

81,

954

31,6

7597

16Ja

wa

Teng

ahKl

aten

627

1,02

41,

651

23,1

7737

14Ja

wa

Teng

ahKo

ta M

agel

ang

114

8620

03,

158

2816

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Kota

Pek

alon

gan

293

692

985

16,6

7157

17Ja

wa

Teng

ahKo

ta S

alati

ga16

917

033

95,

563

3316

Jaw

a Te

ngah

Kota

Sem

aran

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068

5115

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Kota

Sib

olga

9518

327

83,

392

3612

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Kota

Tan

jung

Bal

ai13

149

963

08,

959

6814

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Kota

Teb

ing

Ting

gi53

221

274

3,52

466

13Su

mat

era

Uta

raLa

buha

n Ba

tu23

11,

223

1,45

420

,200

8714

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Labu

han

Batu

Sel

atan

7891

899

615

,164

194

15

63


Prov

ince

Dist

rict

PNS

Non

-PN

STo

tal

Σ st

uden

tST

R (P

NS)

STR

(Tot

al)

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Labu

han

Batu

Uta

ra14

188

11,

022

15,4

4111

015

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Lang

kat

535

3,16

13,

696

47,5

4789

13Su

mat

era

Uta

raM

anda

iling

Nat

al29

31,

258

1,55

126

,811

9217

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Nia

s Bar

at2

57

4322

6Su

mat

era

Uta

raN

ias S

elat

an17

5370

724

4310

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Nia

s Uta

ra15

3045

314

217

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Pada

ng L

awas

232

972

1,20

416

,173

7013

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Pada

ng L

awas

Uta

ra15

61,

057

1,21

315

,415

9913

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Pakp

ak B

hara

t52

104

156

1,27

725

8Su

mat

era

Uta

raSe

rdan

g Be

daga

i12

21,

160

1,28

220

,424

167

16Su

mat

era

Uta

raSi

mal

ungu

n18

21,

392

1,57

422

,165

122

14Su

mat

era

Uta

raTa

panu

li Se

lata

n16

775

492

111

,492

6912

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Tapa

nuli

Teng

ah19

974

594

412

,215

6113

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Tapa

nuli

Uta

ra41

6210

31,

119

2711

Sum

ater

a U

tara

Toba

Sam

osir

1722

3944

126

11

64


Appe

ndix

5. P

NS

Teac

her R

etire

men

t Patt

ern

MO

ECPN

S Te

ache

r (SD

, SM

P an

d SM

A/SM

K) b

y Ag

es -

Prov

ince

Leve

l (Ra

nk O

rder

)

Prov

ince

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

201

7

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

201

8

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

201

9

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

0

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

1

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

2

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

3

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

4

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

5

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

6

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

7

18 -

49

year

s old

61 -

65

year

s old

unkn

own/

unr

ealis

tic

age

Tota

l All

Teac

hers

Tota

l Re

tirin

g Te

ache

rs

(201

7-20

27)

% re

tirin

g te

ache

rs o

f al

l tea

cher

s

Prop

. D.K

.I. Ja

kart

a1,

037

1,70

62,

044

2,18

12,

307

2,12

32,

363

1,92

71,

730

1,53

31,

198

10,0

9438

030

,281

20,1

4966

.5%

Prop

. Bal

i75

01,

145

1,40

41,

533

1,96

81,

831

2,39

82,

271

1,92

01,

684

1,42

311

,940

442

30,3

1318

,327

60.5

%Pr

op. J

awa

Teng

ah3,

407

6,99

98,

510

10,8

2110

,928

11,2

8411

,994

11,5

229,

903

10,2

638,

728

76,0

9211

41

180,

566

104,

359

57.8

%Pr

op. J

awa

Tim

ur3,

529

7,30

58,

721

11,1

3712

,043

12,2

9113

,479

12,2

6810

,315

10,0

778,

443

79,9

7712

56

189,

716

109,

608

57.8

%Pr

op. J

awa

Bara

t2,

270

5,33

07,

141

9,47

210

,355

11,3

3313

,127

12,3

9710

,552

10,9

589,

881

75,6

0689

317

8,51

410

2,81

657

.6%

Prop

. D.I.

Yog

yaka

rta

595

1,11

61,

298

1,52

91,

553

1,42

61,

320

1,32

81,

099

1,22

61,

129

10,2

2927

223

,877

13,6

1957

.0%

Prop

. Lam

pung

779

1,51

81,

933

2,26

32,

359

2,66

93,

203

3,47

53,

414

3,47

03,

041

24,9

7821

253

,125

28,1

2452

.9%

Prop

. Sum

ater

a U

tara

1,69

63,

031

3,99

54,

844

4,91

15,

034

5,63

75,

195

5,42

35,

357

4,91

950

,710

703

100,

825

50,0

4249

.6%

Prop

. Sum

ater

a Ba

rat

732

1,37

31,

730

2,02

32,

097

2,30

23,

220

2,90

82,

910

3,14

42,

835

28,3

7726

353

,680

25,2

7447

.1%

Prop

. Sum

ater

a Se

lata

n66

81,

365

1,74

72,

083

2,07

32,

007

2,87

02,

883

3,03

13,

334

3,39

730

,137

260

55,6

2125

,458

45.8

%Pr

op. S

ulaw

esi U

tara

409

671

873

800

846

914

1,14

01,

179

1,23

21,

287

1,15

113

,297

512

23,8

5210

,502

44.0

%Pr

op. K

alim

anta

n Ba

rat

511

1,02

01,

318

1,48

61,

553

1,36

01,

903

1,89

21,

871

1,91

71,

840

21,2

5615

237

,944

16,6

7143

.9%

Prop

. Jam

bi36

369

994

71,

182

1,24

31,

201

1,47

01,

383

1,30

41,

385

1,34

416

,158

131

28,6

9312

,521

43.6

%Pr

op. B

ante

n38

590

31,

146

1,48

11,

673

1,75

02,

211

2,00

41,

894

2,16

02,

314

23,6

3623

041

,580

17,9

2143

.1%

Prop

. Nus

a Te

ngga

ra B

arat

756

1,00

81,

231

1,38

81,

538

1,26

61,

650

1,57

71,

559

1,49

91,

290

19,4

9512

434

,273

14,7

6243

.1%

Prop

. Nus

a Te

ngga

ra T

imur

703

1,17

81,

437

1,58

31,

655

1,38

71,

994

2,11

92,

444

2,68

62,

448

27,2

4927

246

,912

19,6

3441

.9%

Prop

. Sul

awes

i Sel

atan

1,03

11,

625

2,14

82,

575

2,97

92,

726

3,70

03,

542

3,47

33,

047

2,99

942

,364

395

72,2

5329

,845

41.3

%Pr

op. K

alim

anta

n Se

lata

n40

579

01,

035

1,17

11,

145

1,16

41,

493

1,44

81,

354

1,50

81,

616

18,8

6520

032

,014

13,1

2941

.0%

Prop

. Ben

gkul

u21

742

258

969

966

957

770

672

678

184

484

111

,208

51

18,2

857,

071

38.7

%Pr

op. K

alim

anta

n Ti

mur

202

363

493

631

705

774

1,10

11,

159

1,26

91,

454

1,35

115

,180

121

24,6

959,

502

38.5

%Pr

op. B

angk

a Be

litun

g89

155

227

335

360

367

470

389

501

498

462

6,34

01

010

,194

3,85

337

.8%

Prop

. Ace

h69

71,

304

1,70

41,

921

2,05

51,

721

2,10

81,

743

1,77

71,

909

1,97

832

,530

122

51,4

6118

,917

36.8

%Pr

op. R

iau

393

746

1,02

61,

225

1,32

01,

350

1,68

71,

745

1,81

71,

901

1,94

727

,381

193

42,5

6015

,157

35.6

%Pr

op. S

ulaw

esi T

enga

h28

250

157

768

273

168

51,

100

1,31

61,

379

1,42

81,

416

18,8

5118

428

,970

10,0

9734

.9%

Prop

. Gor

onta

lo10

719

221

628

934

031

736

437

637

040

439

16,

798

51

10,1

703,

366

33.1

%Pr

op. K

alim

anta

n Te

ngah

212

438

547

590

701

665

1,04

496

31,

127

1,23

21,

184

19,0

504

027

,757

8,70

331

.4%

Prop

. Mal

uku

256

473

508

614

667

503

715

768

883

975

999

16,4

3636

623

,839

7,36

130

.9%

Prop

. Sul

awes

i Bar

at15

716

222

827

431

026

538

639

541

836

740

37,

938

81

11,3

123,

365

29.7

%Pr

op. S

ulaw

esi T

engg

ara

350

478

504

629

721

600

787

729

860

958

986

18,8

986

126

,507

7,60

228

.7%

Prop

. Kep

ulau

an R

iau

6214

517

318

119

025

933

329

532

642

539

97,

292

11

10,0

822,

788

27.7

%Pr

op. P

apua

158

175

242

251

282

261

442

562

648

772

842

13,2

7180

1017

,996

4,63

525

.8%

Prop

. Pap

ua B

arat

6086

116

149

129

130

209

234

307

388

368

6,46

919

28,

666

2,17

625

.1%

Prop

. Kal

iman

tan

Uta

ra33

6794

104

144

116

139

166

224

232

235

4,76

01

16,

316

1,55

424

.6%

Luar

Neg

eri

00

00

00

02

00

112

00

153

20.0

%Pr

op. M

aluk

u U

tara

7113

714

820

219

217

224

025

632

835

833

610

,088

102

12,5

402,

440

19.5

%

65


Appe

ndix

6.

PNS

Tech

er R

etire

men

t Pat

tern

MO

RA

PNS M

ORA

Teac

her (

MI, M

TS, M

A) b

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s - P

rovin

ce Le

vel

Prov

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ing

Teac

hers

in

201

7

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Teac

hers

in

201

8

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

201

9

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

0

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

1

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

2

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

3

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

4

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

5

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

6

Retir

ing

Teac

hers

in

202

7

18 -

49

year

s old

61 -

65

year

s old

unkn

own/

unr

ealis

tic

age

Tota

l All

Teac

hers

Tota

l Re

tirin

g Te

ache

rs

(201

7-20

27)

% re

tirin

g te

ache

rs o

f al

l tea

cher

s

Aceh

2244

6081

136

140

229

313

371

480

487

9,26

28

4511

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2,36

320

.2%

Bali

11

32

48

815

1324

3147

20

058

211

018

.9%

Bang

ka B

elitu

ng1

01

20

00

69

1118

267

00

315

4815

.2%

Bant

en12

2124

3542

3758

4911

015

517

02,

880

13

3,59

771

319

.8%

Beng

kulu

915

1618

1210

1523

2752

571,

077

12

1,33

425

419

.0%

DI Y

ogya

karta

1833

4447

5985

6487

8610

210

11,

590

20

2,31

872

631

.3%

DKI J

akar

ta13

2325

3685

8910

114

017

719

020

03,

556

31

4,63

91,

079

23.3

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ront

alo

1011

1618

2221

1917

3636

2786

50

01,

098

233

21.2

%Ja

mbi

1020

2825

2421

3638

6091

822,

789

12

3,22

743

513

.5%

Jaw

a Ba

rat

8714

716

320

923

327

833

545

057

168

784

810

,519

738

14,5

724,

008

27.5

%Ja

wa

Teng

ah68

143

122

166

225

200

297

356

413

637

725

14,2

183

3517

,608

3,35

219

.0%

Jaw

a Ti

mur

6410

610

716

217

218

526

230

639

965

478

613

,857

833

17,1

013,

203

18.7

%Ka

liman

tan

Bara

t12

1617

2423

2032

3039

6258

1,34

81

01,

682

333

19.8

%Ka

liman

tan

Sela

tan

821

3626

3643

6067

8910

817

54,

238

29

4,91

866

913

.6%

Kalim

anta

n Te

ngah

49

713

239

2026

2738

461,

650

00

1,87

222

211

.9%

Kalim

anta

n Ti

mur

58

317

146

913

2131

4580

12

097

517

217

.6%

Kalim

anta

n Ut

ara

00

00

01

00

35

598

00

112

1412

.5%

Kepu

laua

n Ba

ngka

Bel

itung

01

30

10

00

42

710

30

012

118

14.9

%Ke

pula

uan

Riau

22

35

59

814

1212

2635

40

045

298

21.7

%La

mpu

ng16

2327

2421

3540

6371

106

143

2,26

91

82,

847

569

20.0

%M

aluk

u8

1312

1318

614

1422

2333

1,13

41

221,

333

176

13.2

%M

aluk

u Ut

ara

35

43

57

1115

2330

331,

479

196

1,71

513

98.

1%Nu

sa T

engg

ara

Bara

t35

2537

2529

3427

3271

7175

2,19

72

12,

661

461

17.3

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sa T

engg

ara

Tim

ur2

138

814

1323

2231

4455

791

00

1,02

423

322

.8%

Papu

a0

13

12

62

711

812

248

02

303

5317

.5%

Papu

a Ba

rat

10

31

34

95

715

1226

10

032

160

18.7

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au12

1112

1916

1929

3156

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1,76

71

112,

136

357

16.7

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law

esi B

arat

00

32

68

612

1124

251,

134

00

1,23

197

7.9%

Sula

wes

i Sel

atan

3533

3451

5057

6772

101

149

191

4,20

12

45,

047

840

16.6

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law

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enga

h11

1021

2719

2329

3256

8183

1,89

91

112,

303

392

17.0

%Su

law

esi T

engg

ara

712

1913

711

1023

2839

561,

350

10

1,57

622

514

.3%

Sula

wes

i Uta

ra4

412

76

1312

1515

2517

572

00

702

130

18.5

%Su

mat

era

Bara

t40

3957

7158

5088

9411

514

818

64,

194

22

5,14

494

618

.4%

Sum

ater

a Se

lata

n23

1819

1818

2431

3545

8911

42,

083

00

2,51

743

417

.2%

Sum

ater

a Ut

ara

1830

5155

7410

088

111

142

174

164

3,96

71

94,

984

1,00

720

.2%

66


Appe

ndix

7. I

ndic

ativ

e PN

S Te

ache

r Ret

irem

ent P

atte

rn b

y Le

vel a

nd S

ubje

ct M

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and

MO

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017-

2027

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tal

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OEC

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P In

dica

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PNS

Teac

her R

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by S

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2027

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tal

Ag

am

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Ba

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on

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In

gg

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Ba

ha

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Sa

stra

In

do

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Bio

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ko

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11

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Prop

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Prop

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13Pr

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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Prop

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72


ACDP

ACDP SecretariatMinistry of Education and CultureNational Office for Research and Development (BALITBANG)E Building, 19th FloorJl. Jend. Sudirman Senayan, Jakarta 10270Phone : (021) 578-51100, Fax: (021) 578-51101 Email : [email protected] Website : www.acdp-indonesia.org

The Government of Indonesia (represented by the Ministry of Education and Culture, the Ministry of Religious Affairs, and the Ministry of National Development Planning / BAPPENAS), the Government of Australia, through Australian Aid, the European Union (EU) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) have established the Education Sector Analytical and Capacity Development Partnership (ACDP). ACDP is a facility to promote policy dialogue and facilitate institutional and organisational reform to underpin policy implementation and to help reduce disparities in education performance. The facility is an integral part of the Education Sector Support Program (ESSP). EU’s support to the ESSP also includes a sector budget support along with a Basic Education Minimum Service Standards capacity development program. Australia’s support is through Australia’s Education Partnership with Indonesia. This policy issue has been prepared with grant support provided by the Government of Australia and the European Union, through ACDP.

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