SENGWA – ZIMBABWE’S COAL TO LIQUIDS (CTL) COAL FIELD?

WHERE IS IT?

SENGWA FROM GOOGLE EARTH

HOW MUCH OPEN-CAST COAL?

Inherent Moisture

%

Ash %

VolatileMatter %

Sulphur % Calorific Value

MJ/kg

Ash FusionTemperature

SwellingNumber

2.6 29.2 18.7 0.30 16.7 >1400°C <0.5

TYPICAL ANALYSIS -

Pulverised fuel? No – flame not radiant

Unsatisfactory for power station boilers

Chain grate stokers?

No – for the same reason

Unsatisfactory for industrial boilers

Coke production? No – no coking properties

Useless for coke production

Quality domestic fuel?

No – poor washability

Unsatisfactory for domestic grates

Gasification for bulk chemicals, ammonia, liquid fuels?

Ideal, as already demonstrated by testing

No swelling properties, high ash fusion temperature, low sulphur

SO –– WHAT IS THIS COAL GOOD FOR?

Using Sengwa coal for CTL – a major opportunity

Sengwa coal’s non-swelling, high ash fusion features are ideal for CTL

Sasol were planning a 80,000 bbl/day new plant - the Mafutha project

This has come to a halt:Market uncertainty - a new 400,000 bbl/day oil refinery plannedCopenhagen Accord - the SA Government is pledged to tax CO2The Waterberg coals for Mafutha have unsuitable propertiesThere is insufficient water in the area of the coalfield

None of these objections apply to Zimbabwe and the Sengwa coal field

THE CTL PROCESS -

This is an environmentally benign flowsheet with zero liquid effluent, generating less carbon dioxide than a power station burning the same amount of coal.

Zimbabwe has not signed the Copenhagen Accord, and so there is no obligation to sequester the carbon dioxide emitted

THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT?

•Positive impact on balance of payments – at 40,000 bbl/day there will be at least a $1 billion annual fuel import saving from 2018 onwards, excluding revenue from exports

•Energy Security – no liquid fuel supply crises for the next 70+ years

•Job creation (from the Mafutha data) -Over 20,000 direct jobs at the peak period of

constructionEstimated 4,600 direct permanent jobsApprox 2,500-3,000 indirect permanent jobs to support the

venture. The town at Sengwa would be the size of Kwekwe

•Skills development – a large percentage of the 20,000 staff required for construction will have to be trained. This will create skills for the further development of Zimbabwe

WHAT WOULD A CTL OPERATION AT SENGWA DO FOR ZIMBABWE?

THE COAL IS THERE…The Sengwa mine in 2008

AND THIS IS WHAT IT MIGHT LOOK LIKE…. Sasol 2 and 3 at Secunda

THANK YOU