Saints and their emblems

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http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030663052

SAINTS ANDTHEIR EMBLEMS

A HISTORYOF ENGLISHGLASS-PAINTINGBy MAURICE and WILFRED DRAKE

Fully Illustrated in colour and halMone

Foolscap folio, £2, 38. net

Aa indicated by its title, this book gives ahistory of the rise, fall and revival of glass-

painting in England, from the thirteenth to

the nineteenth century. Subsequent to the six-

teenth century attention is also given to the

secular glass-paintings of the Continent, Stoiss

and Flemish. The aim throughcyat had been

rather to study small fragments of each period

minutely, eocamining in each case the morereliable evidences of authenticity, and also

drawing the attention of the reader to those less

known evidences which alone can betray the

spurious copy from the original glass. With-

out cumbering the pages with a multiplicity

of examples, the authors have dealt with their

subject closely, with the intimate knowledge

only to be gained by life long study, and with

the hereditary aptness that might be expected

from members of the fourth generation of a

glass-painting famAly in which the craft has

been handed down from father to son for close

upon a centwry.

T. WERNER LAURIE LTD., S ESSEX STREET,STRAND, LONDON

St. Hughn( ( Irenoble

St. Clara.

Montef.'ilco.

St. Bruno,Pnuntler of the Ciiithiisian Order.

St. Hughof Lincoln.

St. Catherineof Siena.

I'lemi.sli Sl;iined ( il.iss Window.W'T. Centui-v.

In a private collection.


By

MAURICE & WILFRED DRAKEAUTHORS OF "A HISTORY OF ENGLISH GLASS-PAINTING"

ILLUSTRATED BY XIL PLATES FROMPHOTOGF \PHS AND DRAWINGS BY WILFRED DRAKE

Wrrii A FOREWORD BY AYMER VALLANCE

:%'':'^t

T. WERNER I

> % « ! HIF

L O N D O N

TD., 8 ESSEX STREET


By

MAURICE & WILFRED DRAKEAUTHORS OF "A HISTORY OF ENGLISH GLASS-PAINTING"

ILLUSTRATED BY XIL PLATES FROMPHOTOGRAPHS AND DRAWINGS BY WILFRED DRAKE

WITH A FOREWORD BY AYMER VALLANCE

G: %

TOARTHUR RIPPON

A TESTIMONY OF GRATITUDE FORTHREE YEARS OF PATIENT HELP

A

CONTENTSList of Plates .

Foreword

Preface....List of Abbreviations .

I. First Part of the Dictionary

IL Second Part of the Dictionary

in. Appendices—1. Patriarchs and Prophets with their Emblems

2. Sibyls with their Emblems

3. Patron Saints of Arts, Trades and Professions

4. Other Patron Saints ....

page

vii

ix

xi

xiii

1

139

231

232

233

235

LIST OF PLATESSS. Bruno and Companions

PLATE

I. SS. Gregory and Clement

II. SS. Laurence and Dunstan ,

III. St. Faith

IV. SS. Patrick, George and Andrew

V, St. Heydrop

VI. SS. Lucy and Justina

VII. St. Martin

VIII. St. Remigius .

IX., X. and XI. MEDIiEVAL ECCLESIASTICAL VeSTMENTS

«Q

. Frontispiece

facing page 28

36

46

52

60

70

84

110

230

VM

FOREWORD

MY friends, Maurice and Wilfred Drake, have been flattering enough to ask me

to write a foreword to their book, and it seems to me that the best manner of

complying is to set forth, as I understand it, the scheme and object of their

work. In this country the great pioneer of the subject of saints and their

emblems was the Rev. Dr Husenbeth. The plan adopted by him is to give in each case

the accredited emblem or emblems of the saints, citing at the same time the source of his

authority. The compilers have developed Dr Husenbeth's method by inserting the names

of places with which the different saints are associated, and by referring, moreover, to the

printed sources where the life of each saint may be found most fully detailed. Cross

references supply, alphabetically, first the name of the saint and his or her proper emblem,

and secondly the emblems themselves, followed by the saint or saints to which they belong.

While fully acknowledging their indebtedness to Dr Husenbeth, the compilers yet claim to

have carried their researches a great deal farther, inasmuch as they have increased his list

of fifteen hundred names to some four or five thousand. By suggesting emblems for saints

who, like St. Britwald or St. Decuman, for example, have no specially personal nor dis-

tinguishing emblem of their own, the extent of the book might have been increased

indefinitely. But after deliberation the idea of doing so was abandoned—and wisely so,

in my opinion. For the value and usefulness of an emblem consists in the fact that it is a

prescriptive historical token, belonging to the recognised language of symbolism. It is

not the habit of the modern mind to express itself in this way. To invent new emblems,

then, where our fathers were content to do without them, would have been the merest

fantasy and affectation. One may invent, but who shall give the novel notion currency ?

Who make it intelligible? Without the stamp of general consensus it is vain. Every

possible care has been taken to ensure accuracy, but it is obvious that in a work of this

character and magnitude some errors must have managed to evade even the most vigilant

revision.

The public may rest assured that this volume is the result of long and conscientious

study ; and, that being so, it may well be expected to vindicate its claim to usefulness as a

guide not only to the craftsman—the glass-painter or the image-maker, for instance—who

requires a convenient list of saints and emblems for ready reference, but even to the more

learned expert and ecclesiologist.

AYMER VALLANCE.

IX

PREFACE

INthe exercise of the handicrafts appertaining to ecclesiastical art the artist and

craftsman often encounter much difificulty in the proper representation of sacred

figures, and more particularly those of the lesser-known saints in the Calendar.

Moreover, the ecclesiologist and antiquary often find the correct identification of

many mediaeval figures by their distinguishing emblems even a more difficult task

than the suitable representation of saints whose names and histories are known.

Valuable as are the Rev. Alban Butler's twelve volumes, and the Rev. S. Baring-

Gould's fifteen dealing with the lives of the saints, they are arranged chronologically,

and in the majority of instances give no hint of any emblems at all. Dr. Husenbeth's

Emblems of the Saints, though admirably arranged, does not go far enough into the

matter for practical use. He only gives about fifteen hundred instances out of many

thousands, and it is very naturally the obscure and little-known saints—just those who

give most trouble to the craftsman, the ecclesiologist and the antiquary—who are un-

represented.

Dr. Husenbeth's alphabetical listing of saints' names, followed by a cross-index,

also alphabetical, of emblems, has been adopted in this volume, as incontestably the

most convenient arrangement. To the saints' names and emblems are appended qualify-

ing initials, feast day or days, and date of death, whenever this could be obtained.

Further, where possible, the locality with which the saint is generally associated is

named, and following each list of emblems are references to volumes wherein his or her

life may be more exhaustively studied.

To all accredited emblems which are already associated with the better-known saints

have been added the names of places where such examples may be seen, and finally, as

an aid to the craftsman only, the authors have ventured upon a new departure. In

cases where there is no known precedent for the use of an emblem they have given

briefly such particulars regarding the saint as may suggest a suitable emblem for identifi-

cation. For this purpose the period or implements of martyrdom have been specified,

and references made to any matters peculiar to his or her descent, teachings, or

manner of life or death.

The compilers desire to thank Mr. H. Tapley-Soper, Exeter City Librarian

;

Mr. Lewis F. Tonar; and Dr. Philip Nelson, M.D,, F.S.A., for the help kindly

afforded them whilst compiling this work.

XI

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSA. . . .

SAINTS & THEIR EMBLEMS

FIRST PART OF THE DICTIONARYSt. Aaron of St. MaloAb. 6th cent. (June 21 and 22).

Abbot of the monastery of

Aleth, now St. Malo, he receivedSt. Malo on his entryinto France.Butter, Lobineau.

St. AaronM. Companion of St. Julius

(July I), q.v.

St. AbachumM. (Jan. 19). Son of SS. Marisand Martha and brother andcompanion of St. Audifax, q.v.

St. AbbanofKill-AbbanAb. 5th cent. (Oct. 27). Abbotof the monastery of Kill-Abban.

Son of Lagnon Dal Cormac of

Leinster and Caoinech Abbadh,sister of St. Ibar, of whom St.

Abban was a disciple. Cdt.

Mart.

St. Abban of Maghar-noidheAb. 6thcent. (Oct. 27). Founderand first abbot of Magharnoidhein Wexford. Son of CormacDalcorb of Leinster and Mella,

sister of St. Coemgen. Butler,

Usher, Colgan, Celt. Mart.

St. Abbo. /See St. Goeric(Sept. 19).

St. Abbs. See St. Ebba(Aug. 25).

St. Abdas of CascarB.M. c. 320 (May 16). Mar-tyred at Ledan in Persia, with

twenty-eight companions.Butter, Sozomen.

St. Abdjesus of CascarB.M. (May 16). Martyred

under King Isdegardes of

Chaldea, together with sixteen

priests, nine deacons, six monksand seven virgins. Butter, LeQuien,

SS. Abdon and Sennenof RomeM. c. 252 (July 30). In fur

tunics, cloaks and hoods, OurLord in clouds placing garlands

on their heads. [Cemetery of

Pontianus.) Rom. Mart.

St. Abel of HainaultC. c. 760 (Aug. 5). Was Bishopof Lobbes. Baring-Gould.

St. Abercius of Hier-apolis

B.C. c. 300 (Oct. 22). Destroy-ing statue of ApoUo;; crosier

brought him by an angel.(Icon.

Sanct.)

St. AbibusM. Companion of St. Gurias

(Nov. 15), q.v.

St. Abra of PoitiersV. c. 400 Pec. 13). Daughterand dBciple of St. Hilary of

Poitiers. Gall. Mart.

St. Abraham, or

Abramas, of Arbela348 (Feb. 14). Sword near him.{Ikon, der Heil.)

St. Abraham of SyriaB. 422 (Feb. 14). A monk of

Cyrus, elected Bishop of Charan.

Gk. Men.

St. AbrahamM. Companion of St. Sapor(Nov. 30), q.v.

SS. Abraham and Maryof EdessaHH. c. 360 (Mar. 15). Clothedin skins. [Attrib. der Heil.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Abramius. SeeSt. Abraham

(Feb. 14).

St. AbrosimusP.M. Companion of St. Milles

(Nov. 10), q.v.

St. AbundantiusD.M. Companion of St.Abundius(Sept. 16) , q.v. Rehcs at Arignac

in Italy. Rom. Mart.

St. Abundius of ComoB.C. c. 468 (Apr. 2). Raising arich pagan's son to life. {Cahier.)

Maurolycus, Molanus, Canisius,

Milan Brev., Rom. Mart.

St. Abundius of Rome6th cent, (Apr. 14). Was Sac-

ristan of St, Peter's.

St. Abundius and Com-panions of RomeMM. c. 304 (Sept. 16) .j Torturedand executed in the Diocletian

persecution. Relics in the AraCoeU church and at SS. Cosmasand Damian in Rome. Rom.Mart.

SS. Abundius andIrenaeus of RomeMM. 258 (Aug. 26). Beheadedand pierced with spears. (Callot.)Ado, Usuardus, Bede, Wandel-bert, Rom. Mart.

St. Acacius of AmidaB.C. 421 (Apr. 9). Canyingsacred vessels. (Ikon.) Openchest with bags of money.(Gueffier.)

St. Acacius of AntiochB.C. 250 (May 8). Warriorwith large cross. (Bonn Minster.)

Golden armour, standard andspear. (Window, Cossey HallChapel.) Thorns in his hand.(Lib. Chronic.) Dead boughin his hand.

(Attrib. der Heil.)

Ruinart, Tillemont.

St. Acca of HexhamB. 740 (Oct. 20). Successor to

St. Wilfred. In episcopal vest-

ments; (Roodscreen, Hexham.)Denvpster, Whitford, Menardus.

St. AccursiusC. 1220 (Jan. 16). Sword in

his breast. ( Ikon.)

St. Acepsimas, B., andCompanions, of HonitaMM. 380 (Mar. 14). St.

Acepsimas was racked andscourged to death. Butter, Sozo-

men, Assemani.

St. AcepsimusB. Companion of St, Azades(Apr. 22), q.v.

St. Achard, or Aicard,of JumiegesAb. c. 695 (Sept. 15). Angeltouching monks with rod.

(Cahier.) Saussaye, Molanus,Rom. Mart.

St. Acharius of Noyon639 (Nov. 27). Was Bishop of

Noyon.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Achas of Thourhout

1220 (June ii). Martyred in

childhood.

St. Acheolus or AcheulM. Companion of S. Achius(May i), q.v.

St. Achillas of Alex-andria

B. 313 (Nov. 7). Master of

the catechetical school andelected Bishop of Alexandria.

Usuardus, Ado, Bede, Rom.Mart.

St. AchillesDr. M. Companion of St. Felix

(Apr. 23), q.v.

St. AchilleusM. 1st cent. (May 12). Com-panion of St. Nereus, q.v. Churchin his hand. (Cahier.)

St. AcindynusM. Companion of St. Victor

(Apr. 20), q.v.

SS. Achius, or Ach, andAcheolus of AmiensMM. c. 290 (May i). St. Achiusa saw, S. Acheolus an instru-

ment resembling a wimble.

(XVI. cent, window, Ecouen.)

Butler.

St. AcyllinusCompanion of St. Speratus, oneof the ScUIitan Martyrs (July 17),

St. Adalbald of

St. AmandC. 652 (Feb. 2).

hand. (Cahier.)

St. Adalberoberg

B.C. 1090 (Oct. 6).

his hand. (Cahier.)

St. Adalbero II. of

Lorraine1005 (Dec. 15). Was Bishop of

Metz.

St. Adalbert ofEgmondCD. c. 750 (June 25). Foun-tain springing from his tomb.

(Cahier.) Rom., Gall., Ger.,

Belg. and Anglican Martyr-

ologies.

St. Adalbert of PragueAbp. M. 997 (Apr. 23). Bap-tizing St. Stephen of Hungary.(Cahier.) Chains at his feet.

(Ibid.) Globe of fire over his

tomb. (Ihid.) Lance with club

at lower end. (Ch. of St. Cath.,

Esslingen,Wurtemburg.) Pierced

with lance. (Arbor Past.) Be-

headed and pierced with three

lances. (Old engraving.) Rom.and Ger. Martyrologies.

St. Adalhardt or

Adelard of CorbieAb.C. 826 (Jan. 2). Giving

alms. (Burgmaier.) Western

Martyrologies.

Church in his

Belg. Mart.

of Wurz-

Church in

St. Adalsendis of Hain-ault

V. c. 714 (Dec. 25). Youngestdaughter of St. Adelbald and St.

Rictrudis. Followed her mothei;

into the convent of Marchiennesafter her father's murder. Gall.,

Belg. and Benedictine Martyr-ologies.

St. Adamnan of lonaAb. 704 (Sep. 23). A monk ;

mitre beside him, the Child

Christ appearing to him fromclouds. (Engraving.) Rom.,Celt, and Scot. Marts., Aberdeen

Breviary.

SS. Adauctus, M., andCallisthene, V4th cent. (Oct. 4). Father anddaughter. St. Adauctus wasmartyred in the Maximian per-

secution. Greek Mencea andMenology ; some Latin Marts.

St. AdauctusM. Companion of St. Felix (Aug.

30), q.v.

St. AdelaV. (Dec. 24). Daughter of K.Dagobert II. and sister andcompanion of St. Irniina, q.v.

St. Adelaide. SeeSt. Adelheid

(Feb. 5).

St. Adelaide ofBergamoM. (Sept. 4). Wife of St. Lupo,

q.v. Crowned, wearing a long

veU. (Salmeggia. Brera. Milan).

St. Adelbert of Magde-burg

981. Was Bishop of Magde-burg.

St. Adelheid of

StrasbourgEmps. 999 Pec. 12 and 16).

Escaping in a boat from prison.

(Cahier.) Church in her hand.(Ibid.) Gall, and Ger. Marts.

St. Adelheid or Alkeidof Villich

V. 1015 (Feb. 5). Towelabout her throat. (Window at

Middleham.) Cologne Kalendar,

Usuardus.

St. Adelelm of BurgosAb. c. 1100 (Jan. 30). Anoble of Lyons who served in

the army before becoming amonk in the abbey of Chaise-

Dieu. Ordained priest byRanco, Bishop of Auvergne,afterwards abbot of Burgos.Baring-Gould.

St. Adeloga ofKitzingen

8th cent. (Feb. 2). Daughterof Charles Martell. Formdress

and first abbess of Kitzengen in

Anspach. Menardus, Ferrarius,

Bene. Mart.

St. Adelphius of

Burgundyc. 670 (Sept. 11). An abbot of

Remiremont.

St. Adelphotheos. See

St. James(May i).

St. Adelphus of

Lorraine5th cent. (Aug. 29). WasBishop of Metz.

St. AdelricC. 973. Fed by angels on anisland. (Cahier.)

St. Adeotatus of

CanterburyAbp. 664 (July 15). Conse-

crated Archbishop of Canter-

bury by Ithamar, Bishop of

Rochester, in 655. Ger., Eng.

and Bene. Marts.

St. Aderitas of Emilia2nd cent. (Sept. 27). Bishop of

Ravenna

St. Adhelm. SeeSt. Aldhelm(May 25).

St. Adjutor. SeeSt. Maxentius

(June 26).

St. Adjutor ofN^ormandyH. c. 1131 (Apr. 30 and Sept. i).

Throwing a broken chain downa precipice. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Butler.

St. Ado of SensC. 874 (Dec. 16). Bishop of

Vienne. Mabillon, Rom. andGall. Maris.

St. Adolar of ErfurtB. 755. Kneeling at feet of St.

Boniface and receiving a mitrefrom him. (XIV. cent, window,Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.)

St. Adolph of Grermany1222 (Feb. II). A Bishop of

Osnaburgh.

St. AdolphusB.C. 831. BuU lying downbefore hun. (Cahier.)

SS. Adrian andEubulus of CaesareaMM. c. 308 (Feb. 3 and Mar. 5).St. Adrian with lions beside him.(Vie et Martyre de St. Adr, 1637.)

St. Adrian ofCanterburyAbp. c. 709 (Jan. 9). AnAfrican by birth. Sent byVitalian from the Niridian mon-astery near Naples to Britain.Bede, Ang. and Ger. Maris.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Adrian of St.

Andrews, B., and Com-panionsMM. 874 (Mar. 4 and May i).

A native of Pannonia. Murderedby Danish pirates in the Isle of

May. Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Adrian of

NicomediaM. c. 304 (Sept. 8). In armour,with hammer, anvil and sword,trampling on a lion couchant.{MS. of fragments.) Hammerand anvil in one hand, swordin other. {Bod. Lib., Oxford.)

Hammer in left hand, sword in

right, anvil near him. {MS.Horae.) Anvil, his wife, St.

Natalia, holding his hands andfeet on it to be chopped off.

{Molanus.) Anvil by his side,

with hand severed on it. {Ikon.)

Arms and legs chopped off,

raven descending. {Der Heyl.

Leb.) Thrown off a cliff into thesea. {Callot.) Brought to landby dolphins. {Cahier.) Bede,

Ado, Hrabanus, Notker, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. AdrianM. Companion of St. Landoald(Mar. 19), q.v.

St. Aed. See St.

Maccartin(Aug. 15).

St. Aeda or Aedeus.See St. Modoc

(Sept. 7).

St. Aedham. See St.

Modoc(Sept. 7).

St. Aelred of Ridal,

YorksAb. 1166 (Jan. 12). Of noble

descent, he was Master of the

Horse to David, King of Scot-

land, and became Abbot of

Revesby, Lines, and after of

Rievaulx. Capgrave.

St. Aelfheagh. See St.

Alphege(Apr. 19).

St. ^Emilian of AragonP.C. c. 574 (Nov. 12). Ashepherd who became a monkat Vergege in Aragon. He wasordained priest by Didymus,Bishop of Tarazona, and died a

recluse at the age of 100 years.

Rom., Spn. and Bene. Marts.

St. ^Emilian of NantesM. c. 726 (June 25). Bishop of

Nantes, he was shot with arrows

in a battle with Saracens. Gall.

Mart.

St. ^milianCompanion of St. Dionysia (Dec.

6), q.v.

St. ^ngus. See St.

Angus(Mar. 11).

St. -^ngus. See St.

Macniss(Sept. 3).

St. Nonius of ToulouseC. 502 (Aug. 30). Bishop of

Aries.

St. AerichusC. (May 18 ?). Dominicanholding a book with a dove onit. {Fra Angelica, Predella.)

St. Aetherius ofToulouse

602 (Aug. 27). Was Bishop of

Lyons.

St. Afra of BresciaM. c. 120. Standing on scaf-

fold, heads of SS. Faustina andJovita at her feet. {Paul Ver-

onese.)

St. Afra of Augsburg,Pen. and CompanionsMM. 304 (Aug. 5). Burnt at

stake. (C. Amberger, AugsburgCathedral.) Surrounded byflames. {Attrib. der Heil.) Herhands tied to a stake. {Lib.

Chronic.) Bound to tree in

flames. {Cahier.) Boiled in

cauldron. {Husenbeth.) Usuar-dus. Ado, Hrabanus Maurus,Rom. Mart.

St. AfricanusM. Companion of St. Terentius(Apr. 10), q.v.

St. Agape of Aquileiaand CompanionsVV. MM. 300 (Apr. 3). Mar-tyred in the Diocletian perse-

cution. SS. Agape and Chioniawere burned, St. Irene shot withan arrow. Bede, Ado, Notker,

Usuardus, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.,

etc.

St. AgapeM. Companion of St. Aphro-disius (Apr. 28), q.v.

St. Agape of CirtaB.M. Companion of St. Antonia(Apr. 29), q.v.

St. Agapetus I. ofRomePope. 536 (Sept. 20). Suc-

cessor to Pope John II. Wasambassador to the EmperorJustinian at Constantinople.

Rom. and Gk. Marts.

St. Agapetus ofPalestrina

Ch. M. 275 (Aug. 18). Scourgedto death. {Der Heyl. Leb.)

Hanging downwardsoverflames.{Old engraving.) Standing be-

tween a mitre and suit of

armour. {Callot.) A lion at his

feet. {Husenbeth.) Rom. Mart.

3

St. Agapitus of Emiliac. 340 (Mar. 16). Bishop ofRavenna.

St. Agapius ofPalestineM. 306 (Nov. 20). Dead ; doveflying out of his mouth. {Cahier.)

Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. AgapiusM. Companion of St. Eusta-chius (Sept. 20), q.v.

St. AgapiusCompanion of St. Secundinus(April 29), q.v.

St. AgapiusM. Companion of St. Timolaus(Mar. 24), q.v.

St. AgapiusM. S)mpanion of St. Timothy(Aug. 19), q.v.

St. Agatha of CataniaV.M. 251 (Feb. 5). Holdingbreast in one hand and pair of

shears in the other. {Fra. Fil.

Lippi.) Knife at her breast.

{Wiggenhall Ch., Norfolk.)

Holding a nipple in pincers.

{Window, Winchester Cath.)

Breasts and shears on ground.{Solitaire.) Pincers in her hand.{Tabl. de la Croix.) Iron hook in

her hands. {Liber Cronic andWindow, Martham Ch., Norfolk.)

On a burning pyre, holding astake. {Window, Munich Cath.)

St Peter healing her woimds.{Cahier.) Breasts in a dish.

{Oratory of Camaldulese, Rome.)Suspended on a cross. (C. daLodi, Brescia.) Executionerscutting off her breasts. {Pitti

Palace, Seb. del Piombo.) Breasts

off, consoled by angels. {Es-

curial, P. Veronese.) Chafingdish by her side. {Attrib. der

Heil.) On a funeral pile. {Cat.

Sand.) Knife in her hand,breasts on a book. {Roodscreen,

Eye.) All Martyrologies.

St. AgathangelusM. Companion of St. Clementof Ancyra (Jan. 23), q.v.

St. AgathoPope. d. 682 (Jan. 10). Em-bracing a leper. {Cahier.)

Anastasius the Librarian.

St. Agatho ofByzantiumH.M. 409 (May 8). Pitcher of

water. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. AgathoclesM. Iron spike, red hot. {Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. AgathocliaM. (Sept. 17). Serving maidento Nicholas, a Christian, and his

pagan wife, Paulina. De-nounced by her mistress, hertongue was cut out and she wasburned to death. Gk. Men.,Mod. Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Agathon

In armour, lance and shield

charged with cross, tramplingon sword. (Ante-chapel, Mag.Coll., Oxon.)

St. AgathoniceM. '- Sister of the deacon Papy-lus and servant and companionof St. Carpus (Apr. 13), q.v.

SS. Agathopus, D., andTheodulus of Tessalon-icaMM. c. 320 (Apr. 4). Mar-tjnred under the governor Faus-tinus, they were thrown into

the sea with stones round their

necks. Gk., Rom. and Russ.

Marts.

St. AgericusB.C. (Dec. i). Infant in acornfield found by an eagle.

{Callot.)

St. Agilius or Agilus ofRebaisAb.C. 650 (Aug. 30). Carry-

ing Our Saviour on his

shoulders. [Cahier.) Mabillon,

Baillet.

St. Agilulf of CologneB.M. c. 770 (July 9). Dead,dove issuing from his mouth.(Cahier.) Ger. Mart.

St. Agleus of CarthageM. (Oct. 15). Mentioned in

the Ufe of St. Fulgentius of

Ruspe, and in a letter of St.

Gregory the Great. Baronius,

Carthaginian Kalendar, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. AglibertM. Companion of St. Agoard(June 25), q.v.

St. AgnedaV.M. Breasts cut off, consoled

by angel. (Escurial, P. Veron-

ese.)

St. AgnellusAb. 596 (Dec. 14). On the

walls of Naples, putting an armyto flight. (Cahier.)

St. Agnes of AssisiV. 1253 (Nov. 16). Sister of

St. Clara (q-v.), with whom she

was co-foimdress of the order

of the Poor Clares. Holding a

lamb. (Engraving, Soc : St.

Augustine.)

St. Agnes of MontePulciano

V. Abs. 1317 (Apr. 20). B.V.

Mary and the Holy Infant ap-

pearing to her. (Old engraving.)

Lamb, lily and book. (St.

Dominic, Orvieto.) On a bier,

raising her foot to St. Catherine

of Siena, who kisses it. (At

Carisbrooke.) In an open tomb,

sick praying round her. (Callot.)

Holy Communion administered

to her by an angel. (Cahier.)

Rom. Mart.

St. Agnes of RomeV.M. c. 304 (Jan. 21). Lambat her feet, sword in hand.

(Ch. chest, Denton.) Lamb in

her hand, sword in throat.

(Roodscreen, N. Elmham.) Lambon book, sword in hand. (Font,

Tavenham.) Lamb led by acord. (Tabl. de la Croix.) Lambat her side, cloth of gold robe.

(Molanus.) Lamb at feet seated,

dove bringing a ring. (Muralpainting, Cawston.) A bleeding

lamb. (Predella, Era Angelica.)

Dagger and palm. (Vienna

Gall., P. Veronese.) Crowned,holding a book, sword at feet.

(yth cent, mosaic, St. AgnesRowie.) Angel covering her

with a garment. (Window,

Gillingham Church.) Angels

covering her with their hair.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Standing onflaming pile, sword through her

neck. (Lamhrecht.) Eng. Kal.,


SS. Agoard and Agli-

bert of CreteilMM. c. 400 (June 25).

Murdered by Vandals. Butler,

Baillet, Le Bceuf, Paris Breviary.

St. Agostino. See St.

Augustine(Aug. 28).

St Agrapard. See St.

Erasmus(June 2).

St. Agricius of

Champagne(June 13). Bishop of Sens.

St. Agricius of Trierc. 335 (Jan. 13). A Bishop of

Treves.

St. Agricola of

Toulousec. 700 (Sept. 2). Bishop of

Avignon.

St. Agricola of Chalons-sur-Saone

580 (Mar. 17). Bishop of

Chalons, he was a friend of St.

Venantius Fortunatus. Buried

at St. Marcellus, near Chalons.

Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. AgricolaM. A slave and companion of

St. Vitalis (Nov. 4), q.v.

St. Agricolaus ofHolland

5th cent. (Feb. 5). Bishop of

Utrecht.

SS. Agripanus andUrsicinus of Le Puy

c. 650 (Feb. i). St Agnpanuswas Bishop of Le Puy.

St. Agrippina of RomeV.M. c. 258 (June 23). Mar-tyred by being stripped andscourged to death. Her body

4

was carried to Sicily and thence

to Constantinople. Gk. Men.,

Rom. Mart.

St. AgrippinusM. Companion of St. Gereon

(Oct. 10), q.v.

St. Agulf of Berri(Mar. 22). An Archbishop of

Bourges.

St. Albert of CrepinTournai

P.H. c. 1140 (Apr. 7). E^lebringing him a Benedictine

habit. (Cahier.) ' Belg. andBene. Marts.

St. Aicard or Achart.

See St. Achard(Sept. 15).

St. Aid. See St.

Maccartin(Aug. 15).

St. Aid of Eacharaidh(Apr. 11). An abbot, he is

titular saint of a parish church,

an ancient abbey and a numberof chapels in Ireland. Colgan.

St. Aidan or Maidoc of

Ferns, IrelandB. c. 632 (Jan. 31). A pupil of

St. David of Menevia. Founderand first Bishop of Ferns.

St. Aidan of Lindis-

farneB.C. 651 (Aug. 31). Giving his

horse to a beggar. (Icon.

Sanct.) Calming a storm andextinguishing fire with prayer.

(Ibid^ Stag crouching at his

feet. (Ibid.) Holding a lighted

torch. (Weyen.) A bishopholding crosier, right hand up-held in benediction. (XV. cent,

window, Wintringham.) Bede,

Ado, York and Aber. Breviaries.

Rom. Mart.

St. Aidan of Ireland768 (Oct. 21). Bishop of Mayo.Butler, Ware, Colgan.

St. Aldus or Aidamus.See St. Modoc

(Sept. 7).

St. Aignan of OrleansB.C. 453 (Nov. 17). With his

sisters offering a deed at ashrine of the B.V. Mary. Lay-ing a foundation stone, aspergein hand. Carried in triumph onmen's shoulders into Chartres.

(Window, N. aisle, His Church,Chartres.)

St. Aigulf of LerinsAb.M. c. 680 (Sept. 3). Ina boat. (Cahier.) Mod. Rom.and Gall. Marts.

St. Ailbe of MunsterAbp. c. 527 (Sept. 12). Crossand book in hand ; wolf beside

him. (Engraving.) Celt. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Aile. See St.

Aeilius^ug. 30).

St. Airy. See St.

Agericuspec. i).

St. Aithilahas of

BethnudraD.M. Companion of St. Acepsi-

mas (Mar. 14), q.v.

St. Alanus de RupeHolding banner of rosary ; theBlessed Virgin holding his hand,{HusenbethJ) Rosary hangingwith one end through a large

ring. {National Gallery.)

St. Alanso. See St.

Ildephonsus(Jan. 23).

St. Alard. See St.

Adalhardt(Jan. 2).

St. Alban of MainzM.' 6th cent. (June 21). Carry-

ing his head. {Churches of SS.Alban and Martin, Cologne.)

Ger. Mart.

St. Alban Kiritine. SeeSt. Boniface Quiritine

(Mar. 14).

St. Alban of VerulamProto-Martyr of Britain. 304(June 22). Tall cross and sword.

{XV. cent, window, Wintring-

ham.) Tall cross, clerical capand sword. {Brass, St Alban's.)

Sword, palm and crucifix. {St.

Mary Schmergasse, Cologne.)

Executioner's eyes dropping outporter's Lives of Saints.)

Saint's head on ground. {Seed,

Binham Priory.) Saint's headin a holly bush. {St Alban'

s

Abbey.) In armour, robe,

coronet, sceptre and Calvarycross. {Glass, BeauchampChapel, Warwick.) Spreading

his cloak, sun radiant abovehim. {Husenbeth.) Young noble-

man, book in right hand,double-barred crosslet of gold

in left. {MS. Hours.) All

Martyrologies.

St. Albert of CitauxAb. 1107 (Jan. 26). Receiving

a white cowl from B.V. Mary.

{Col. milit. Eccl.)

St. AlbertB.C. 1214. B.V. Mary with

angels assisting him at his

death. {Cahier.)

St. Albert of LiegeB.M. 1192 (Nov. 21). Cardinal

seated holding palm ; three

swords on ground before him.

{Burgmaier.) Sword in hand or

plunged in his body. {Cahier.)

St. Albert of Italy1127 (April 5). Was Bishop of

Monte Corvino.

St. Albert of OgnaC. c. 1190. Cutting a stone

with a scythe. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Dove bringing him theBlessed Sacrament. {Cahier.)

St. Albert of Sicily1306 (Aug. 7). Book and lUy.

(Bene. Ch. of Liessies, Hainault.)

Infant Jesus in his arms.{Cahier.) Driving away female

devn with horns and fish's tail.

{Callot.) Crucifix terminatingin lilies. {Cahier.)

St. Albert of SienaH. c. 1180. Holding a hare in

his arms. {Ikon.) Stilling astorm by prayer. {Ibid.)

St. Albert of YercelliB.C. 1200 (April 8). Knife in

hand. {Attrib, der Heil.)

B. Albert the Great of

RatisbonC. 1280 (Nov. 15). Domini-can with mitre and open book.{Predella, Fra Angelico.)

St. Alberta of AgenV.M. 286 (Mar. 11). A sister

of St. Faith. Relics in churchof Benerque, on the Ariege.

The Agen Breviary.

St. Albeus. See St.

Ailbe(Sept. 12).

St. AlbinaM. Companion of St. Paxen-tius (Sept. 23), q.v.

St. Albinus of AngersB. 549 (Mar. i). Curing theblind. {Cahier.) Preachingfrom a pulpit, (ibid.) Usuar-dus, Hrabanus, Wandelbert.

St. Albinus of theLyonnais4th or 5th cent. Was Bishopof Lyons.

St. Albinus. See St.

Witta(Oct. 26).

St. Alcmund. See St,

Alkmund(Mar. 19).

B. Alcuin of ToursP.Mk. 804 (May 19). Bom at

York, 735. A pupil of Arch-bishop Egbert, he became chief

adviser to Charlemagne, andlater his ambassador to KingOffa. He died at Tours. Hra-banus, Usuardus, Gall. Mart,

St. Aldate of

GloucesterB. c. 490 (June 14). A memberof tiie choir of St. Illtyd, S.

5

Wales, he was present at the

massacre of Britons by Hengist

on Salisbury Plain. Geoffrey of

Monmouth, Rees' Essay onEnglish Saints. Locally vener-

ated at Gloucester and Oxford.

St. Aldegund of

OrgonneV. Abs. c. 673 (Jan. 30). Fly-

ing from her parents' house.

{Callot.) Angel appearing to

her. {Ikon.) Walking on water,

angel leading her. {Gueffler.)

Holy Ghost, as a dove, giv-

ing her a nun's veil. {Old

engraving.) Butler, Bollandus,

Mabillon.

St. Aldetrudis of

MaubeugeV. Abs. c. 680 (Feb. 35).

Holding a pot of wax in flames.

{Baring-Gould.) Molanus, Wyon,Miraeus, Menardus, Bollandus,

etc.

St. Aldhelm of

SherborneB. 709 (May 25). Receiving adeed from St. Wulstan. {XV.cent, window, Malvern Priory.)

Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom. andAng. Marts.

St. Aldowin. SeeSt. Bavo

(Oct. i).

St. Aldric of Le MansB. 856 (Jan. 7). Ordained bythe Bishop of Metz, he becamechaplain and confessor to KingLouis the Pious. Consecrated

Bishop of Le Mans, 832. Gall.

Mart.

St. Aldrick ofChampagne

841 (Jime 6). Archbishop of

Sens.

St. Aled. SeeSt. Almedha

(Aug. I).

St. Aleidisinc. Standing behind her

son, St. Bernard of Clervaux.

{Cossey Hall Chap.) Receiving

the H. Viaticum, Our Saviour

appearing to her. {Old engrav-

ing.)

St. Alen. See

St. Adelheid(Feb. 5).

St. Alena of VorstV.M. c. 640 (Jxme 17). Angelencouraging her. {Old engrav-

ing.) One arm torn off. {Cahier.)

Belg. and Gall. Marts.

St. Aletius or Alessio.

See St. Alexis(July 17)-

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Alexander I. of

RomePope. 117 (May 3). Piercedall over with nails. (Cahier.)

Bede, Ado, Hrabanus, Nother,

Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. AlexanderAcoemetusMk. c. 430 (Jan. 15). Proctorof the Byzantine army, he be-

came a monk near Edessa, after-

wards founding the monasteryof the Acoemeti at Constanti-

nople. Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Alexander,Patriarch of Alexandria

C. 326 (Feb. 26). A leadingopponent of the Arian heresyand predecessor of St. Athana-sius. Bede, Usuardus, Ado,Nother, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Alexander ofBergamoM. 300 (Aug. 26). Tramplingon a pagan altar before theEmperor. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Trampling on an idol. (Icon.

Sand.) Crucified. (Old en-

graving.) As a Roman soldier,

holding a palm. (Salmeggia.

Brera. Milan.)

St. AlexanderCarbonariusB.M. 3rd cent. (Aug. 11). St.

Gregory presenting a mitre andcrosier to him as a charcoalburner. (Callot.) As a char-coal burner. (Attrih. der Heil.)

St. Alexander of theClaudian WayB.M. c. 150 (Sept. 21). Be-headed, blindfold, upon theClaudian Way, by order of theEmperor Marcus Aurelius.

Rom. Mart.

St. Alexander, andCompanions, ofHeracleaMM. c. 200 (Oct. 22). St.

Alexander was Bishop of Hera-clea and St. Hercules a soldier.

The Roman Martyrology con-fuses them with St. PhQip of

Heraclea and Companions cele-

brated on the same day. Ado,Usuardus, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Alexander ofJerusalemB.M. 250 (Mar. 18). ACappa-docian bishop, successor to Nar-cissus, in the see of Jerusalem.Imprisoned in the Decian per-

secution, he died in a dungeonat Caesarea. Usuardus, Ado,Mother, Eusebius

St. Alexander NevskiC 1263 (Nov. 23). Son of

Jaroslav II., prince of Novgo-rod and a famous warrior, he

assumed the monastic habit onhis deathbed Russ. Mart.

St. AlexanderM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct. 4), q.v

St. AlexanderM. Companion of St. Caius(Mar. 10), q.v.

St. AlexanderM. Companion of St. Epimar-chus (Dec. 12), q.v.

St. Alexander of LyonsM. Companion of St. Epipodius(April 22), q.v. Was beaten to

the point of death before beingcrucified.

St. AlexanderM. Son of SS. Maximus andPraepedigna (Feb. 18), q.v.

St. AlexanderM. Companion of St. Pater-

muth (July 9), q.v.

St. AlexanderM. (May 29). An ostiarius

and companion of St. Sisinnius.

Was martyred by being draggedthrough brambles and after-

wards burnt.

St. AlexanderM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Alexander theEgyptianM. Companion of St. Timolaus(Mar. 24), q.v.

St. Alexander of GazaM. Companion of St. Timolaus(Mar. 24), q.v.

St. AlexandraPen. Scourging herself. ('t

bosch d. Erem.)

St. Alexandrina4th cent. Spiiming. {yies desSaintes Solitaires.)

St. Alexius, or Alexis, ofConstantinople

C. c. 480 (July 17). Ladderheld in his arms. (Roodscreen,Torbryan.) Lying imder a stair-

case, a Pope standing near him.(XVI. cent, window, Kunst-gewerbe Museum, Berlin.) Pil-

grim asleep under a staircase,servant throwing water on him.(Ibid.) Holding staff and ring,a staircase near him. (Add.MSS., British Museum 18851.).Kneeling before an image of theB.V. Mary. (KunstgewerbeMuseum, Berlin.) Mod. Rom.Mart.

Bl. Aleydis of Scharam-beek

V. 1250 (June II). A Cister-cian nun, she was smitten withleprosy Belg. Mart.

6

St. Alfreda. 8ee

St. Etheldritha(Aug. 2).

St. Alfwold of Sher-

borneB. 1075 (Mar. 25). Was amonk of Winchester before ele-

vation to the bishopric. Re-

nowned for the austerity of his

life. Mayhew, Wm. of Malmes-bury. Bene. Mart.

St. Algeric. See

St. Algericuspec. i)

St. Aleidis, or Alice,

of Villich. See St.

Adelheid(Feb. 5).

St. Alice. See St. Aleidis(N.D.).

St. AlkeldaV.M. Strangled by two womenwith a napkin. (Glass, Middle-

ham Church, Yorks.)

St. Alkmund of DerbyM. 819 (Mar. 19). Crown andsWord. (Husenbeth.) Wm. of

Malmesbury, Simeon of Dur-ham, Thurgot of Durham, Ang.Mart.

SS. Alkmund andGilbert of Hexham780 and 789 respectively (Sept.

7). St. Alkmimd consecratedBishop of Hexham in 767 ; St.

Gilbert, his successor, c. 780.Menardus, Rene.

St. Allen. See St. Elwyn(Oct. 27).

St. AUyre. SeeSt. lUidius

(June 5).

St. Almachus. SeeSt. Telemachus

(Jan. i).

St. Almedha of Breck-nock

V.M. 6th cent. (Aug. i).

Daughter of King Brychan andsister of St. Canoe, she wasmurdered by Saxons on a hiUnear Brecon. Wilson.

St. Alnoth of StoweH.M. c. 727 (Feb. 27). A cow-herd of St. Wereburga, who be-came a hermit near Bugbrook,Northants, and Was murderedby robbers. Wilson, Ferrarius,Bollandus.

St. Alo. See S. EligiusPec. 1).

°

St. AlodiaV.M. Companion of St. Nimilo(Oct. I22), q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Aloysius Gonzaga ofRome

C. 1591 (Jtine 21). Crucifix,

lily and discipline. {Attrib. der

Heil.) In black habit. {Print

by Romney, Butler.) Rom. Mart.

St. Alphaeus of Caper-naum

1st cent. (May 26). Father of

SS. Matthew and James. Gk.Menaea.

SS. Alphaeus andZaccheus of CaesareaMM. 303 (Nov. 17). Scourged,torn with iron hooks, rackedand beheaded in the Diocletianpersecution. Eusebius, Rom.Mart.

St. Alphege of Canter-buryAbp. M. 1012 (Apr. 19). InArchiepiscopal vestments.{XIV. cent, window, New Coll.,

Oxon.) Chasuble fiiU of stones.

{Window, Greenwich Ch.)

Battle-axe. {Arbor Past.)

Devils beating a dead monk.{Cahier.) Sarum Breviary,

Rom. Mart., Ang. Kal.

St. Alphege the Bald ofWessex

951 (Mar. 11). A Bishop of

Winchester.

St. AlpheusL.M. Companion of St. Romanus(Nov. 18), q.v.

St. AlphiusM. Companion of St. Marcus(Sept. 28), q.v.

St. Alphonso Liguori ofNocera

B.C. 1789 (Aug. 2). Raysdarted upon his face from animage of the B.V. Mary.{Cahier.) Reciting the rosary.

{Ibid.) Rom. Mart.

St. Alphonso Toribio ofLima (Peru)Abp. 1606 (Mar. 23). Secondson of the lord of Mogrobejo,bom in Leon, 1538. Made pre-

sident of Grenada by Philip II.,

and Archbishop of Lima, 1581.

Died at Santa, 1606. Cypriande Herrera, Butler.

Bl. AlrunaAbs. (n.d.) Hanging her

mantle on a sunbeam. {Cahier.)

St. Altfried of Hanover875 (Aug. 15). Bishop of

'Hildesheim.

St. Altmann of PassauB.C. 1091 (Aug. 8). Church in

his hand. {Cahier.) Ger. Mart.

St. Alto, or Alton, of

Altmunster (Bavaria)Ab. 760 (Feb. 9, Sept. 5).

Praying before a fountain.

{Cahier.) Butler, Aventimus.

St. Alypius of AfricaB.C. c. 430 (Aug. 15). Bom atTagaste in Numidia. A fellow

student of St Augustine. Mod.Rom. Mart., Tillemont.

St. Amabilis of Riome(Auvergne)

P.C. c. 490 (June 11}. Angelplaying to him. (Weyen.)Angel bringing him relics or avestment. {Cahier.) Hanginghismantle on a sunbeam. {Ibid.)

Bl. AmadeusB.C. 1158. Receiving a whiteglove from his sister. {Cahier.)

Prince in white gloves from B.V.Mary. {Ikon.)

St. Amalberga ofManbebeugeW. 7th cent. (July 10). Hold-ing a picture of the Crucifixion.

{Burgmaier.)

St. Amalberga ofTemsche

V. 772 (July 10). A sieve in

her hand, sturgeon beside her,

trampling on a figure of

Charlemagne. {Baring-Gould.)

A flock of geese around her.

{Ibid.) Belg. Mart.

St. Amandinus of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.

Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v.

St. Amandus ofBurgundy

c. 430 (June 18). Bishop of

Bordeaux.

St. Amandus ofMaestricht

B.C. d. 673 (Feb. 6). Carry-ing a church, dragon holdinglower end of his crosier. {DeLevens der Heylige.) Two menkneeling before him. {DasPast.) Raising to life a manwho had been executed.{Cahier.) Chains in his hands.{Ibid.) In a pulpit. {Lam-brecht.) Bede, Notker, Ger.,

Belg. and Rom. Marts.

St. Amandus of Hessec. 650 (Oct. 26). Bishop of

Worms.

St. Amandus ofRheimsH. 5th cent. (Jime 16). Livedas an anchorite on the estates

of one Ruric, a noble, who built

him a cell near Rochechouart.

St. Amantius ofLombardy

c. 546 (Apr. 8). A Bishop of

Como.

St. AmantiusM. Mother of St. Getulius

(June 10), q.v.

St. AmantiusD.M. Companion of St. Lan-doald (Mar. 19), q.v.

7

St. Amasius of Italyc. 356 (Jan. 23). A Bishop of

Teano.

St. AmastasiaM. Companion of St. Cyrus(Jan. 31), q.v.

St. AmatorB.C. 418 (May i). Hatchet in

hand, tree lying cut down nearhim. {Cahier.)

St. Amatus, or Amet, ofRemiremontAb. c. 627 (Sept. 13). Throw-ing water into a river. {Callot.)

Hangftig his mantle on a sun-

beam. {Cahier.) Devil as araven stealing his bread. {Ibid.)

Causing water to gush out of

a rock. {Ibid.) Ado, Usuardus,Notker, Gall, and Mod. Rom.Marts.

St. Amatus, or Aime, ofSensAbp. c. 690 (Sept. 13). Wasbanished to St. Fursey's monas-tery at Peronne by Thierry III.

and afterwards to a Flemishmonastery, under St Mauron-tius. Died in exile at Breuil.

Rom., Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. Ambrose of Bourgesc. 780 (Oct. 16). Bishop of

Cahors, he died when returning

from a pilgrimage to Rome.His body was afterwards trans-

lated to Bourges. Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Ambrose of MilanB.C.Dr. 397 (Apr. 4 and Dec.

7). Holding a scourge. {Vi-

varini, Venice.) Accompaniedby the angel of St. Matthew.{XV. cent, window, All Souls

Coll., Oxon.) In mitre and copewith scourgeand cross. {National

Gallery, VanderMeire.) Holdinga tower. {Flos Sanctorum.)Holding a beehive. {ArborPastoralis.) A dove near him.{Cahier.) Gk. Mencea, Usuar-dus, Rom. Mart., etc.

Bl. Ambrose of SienaC. 1287 (Mar. 20). Domini-can holding a closed book in his

hands, dove breathing flamesinto his right ear. {Fra Angelica

Predella.)

St. Ame. See St. Amatus(Sept. 13).

SS. Amicus andAmeliusMM. 773. Each holding asword and supporting a crownbetween them. {Cahier.)

St. Ammon of Nitriac. 350 (Oct. 4). A hermit andfriend of St. Anthony. Gk.Mancea, Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSS. Ammon and Zenoof AlexandriaMM. c. 250 (Dec. 20). Romansoldiers, converted and mar-tjTed during the Decian perse-

cution. Rom. Mart., Usuardus.

St. Ammonarium, andCompanions, of Alex-andriaV.MM. 250 (Dec. 12). StAmmonarium was tortured andbeheaded ; her companions werebeheaded without torture. Theysuffered with SS. Epimarchusand Alexander, ^.u. Rom. Mart.,Usuardus.

St. Amoun. SeeSt. Ammon

(Oct. 4).

St. Ampellius of Lom-bardy

672 (July 8). Bishop of Milan.

St. AmphibalusM. 303. Scourged while

boimd to a tree by his bowels.

(Sculp., St Allan's Abbey.)

St. Amphilochius of

IconiumB.C. c. 394 (Nov. 23). Afriend of St. Basil, he succeeded

Faustinus as Bishop of Iconium.

He was the instigator of the

Theodosian laws against Arian-

ism. Rom. and Gk. Marts., Gk.

Mencea.

St. AmphilochiusM. Companion of St. Philetus

(Mar. 27), q.v., and of&cer in aRoman legion.

St. Amplias, and Com-panions, of Asia MinorMM. 670 (Oct 31). Greeted bySt. Paul at the close of his

Epistle to the Romans. Rom.and Gk. Marts.

St. Anacletus of RomePope. M. 1st cent. (Apr. 26 and

July 13). Successor to St.

Linus, first Bishop of Rome andpredecessor of St. Clement. Bede,

Usuardus, Wandelbert, Notker

(on July 13), Hrabanus Maurus(onApr .2g), andAdo (on July 12).

SS. Ananias, Peter,

and Companions, in

PhoeniciaMM. 298 (Feb. 25.) St. An-

anias, a priest, was scourged,

and with St. Peter, his converted

gaoler, exposed to a slow fire

and afterwards drowned with

seven other soldier converts.

Gk. MencBa, Ado.

St. Anastasia of Pal-

mariaV.M. 304 Pec. 25). Burning

at a stake or on a funeral pile.

(Cat. Sand.). Usuardus, Rom.

Mart.

SS. Anastasia the Elder,

v., and Cyrillus ofRomeMM. c. 303 (Oct. 28). St.

Anastasia was tortured anddispatched with a sword in the

Diocletian persecution, and St.

Cyrillus beheaded for giving

her a bowl of water. Gk., Russ.

and Mod. Rom. Marts.

St. AnastasiaM. Companion of St. Basilissa

(Apr. 15), q.v.

St. Anastasius I. of

AntiochPatr. M. 599 (Apr. 21). Anopponent of the Justinian

heresy, he was expelled fromhis see by Justin the Youngerfor twenty-three years. Butler,

Henschenius.

St. Anastasius II. of

AntiochM. 609 (Dec. 21). SucceededAnastasius I. as Patriarch of

Antioch. Was slain by Jews in

a riot. Rom. Mart.

St. Anastasius ofAquileiaM. c. 304 (Sept. 7). A fuller bytrade, he determined upon mar-tyrdom, and painted a cross uponhis house. He was thrown into

the sea, a stone hung about his

neck. His body was recovered

by Asclepia, a Christian of

Salona, where a church wasbuUt over it. Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Anastasius ofAssyriaM. 628 (Jan. 22). Dragged at

the tail of wild horses. (Fresco,

SS. Vincent and Anastasius,

Rome.) Pierced with arrows ona gibbet. (Ibid.) With an axe.

(Jameson.) Head in cowl ona platter. (Baring-Gould.) Hisown Acts.

St. Anastasius of Berri624(May 20). An Archbishopof Bourges.

St. Anastasius of

Lombardy680 (May 30). A Bishop of

Pavia.

St. Anastasius I. ofRome401 (Apr. 27). Succeeded St.

Ciricius as Pope in 399. SS.Jerome and Augustine, Sozo-

men, Theodoret, Rom. Mart.,

etc.

St. Anastasius theSinaiteMk. c. 680 (Apr. 21). A hermit,

author of several ascetic worksfuU of piety and devotion.

Butler, Henschenius.

8

St. Anatalo of Lom-bardy

c. 61 (Sept. 25). Bishop of

MUan.

SS. Anatholia, V., andAudax of ReateMM. c. 250 (July 9). Withtorches and serpents. (Aitrib.

der Heil.) Anatholia delivering

a man from a dragon. (Callot.)

Anatholia breathing on the face

of a lunatic. (Icon. Sand.)

Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Anatolius of

Ciliciac. 400 (Feb. 3). Bishop of

Adana.

St. Anatolius of Con-stantinople

B.C. 458 (July 3)- Conse-

crated by Dioscorus of Alex-

andria as successor to St.

Flavian. Gk. Menem, Russ.

Kal.

St. Anatolius of

LaodicaeaB. 3rd cent. (July 3). Globes

and axithmetical books. (Icon.

Sanct.) Usuardus, Wandelbert

and Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Ancejas, Companionof St. Luceja

(June 25), q.v.

St. Ancharius. See St.

Anscharius(Feb. 3).

St. Andeolus, orAndreolus, of theVivaraisM. 207 (May i). Club in his

hand. (Arbor Past.) Butler.

SS. Andochius, P., andThyrsus of AutunMM. c. 169 (Sept. 24). Hungover a fire. (Callot.) Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Andrew of ChiosM. 1465 (May 29). Martyredat Constantinople.

St. Andrew the Tribuneof CiliciaM. e. 303 (Aug. 19). A Romansoldier martyred in the Maxi-minian persecution, his handsbeing pierced with nails and his

head struck off. Gk. Menem,Russ. and Coptic Kalendars.

St. Andrew the Elderof CreteAbp. c. 732 (July 4). Bom at

Damascus, he became a deaconat Constantinople and wascreated Archbishop of Crete

by Philippicus Bardanes. Gk.Meneea.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Andrew theYounger of CreteM. 767 (Oct. 17). Seized while

painting pious pictures, {fcon.

Sanct.) Gk. Mencea, Rom. Mart.

St. Andrew of FiesoleDn. C. 880 (Aug. 22). OfScottish or Irish descent. Wasdeacon to St. Donatus, Bishopof Fiesole, Butler, Colgan, etc.

Bl. Andrew of HaarlemO.P. Holding a crucifix. {Lib.

SS. Belgii. O.P.)

St. Andrew the ApostleM. ist cent. (Nov. 30). Across saltire and book. (XV.cent, window, Doddiscomhsleigh.)

Holding a cross saltire. [XV.cent, window, Winiringham.)Cross saltire at his back, twofishes in his right hand. (Ivory

statuette, Cossey Hall.) Scroll

with his text from the Creed

:

Et in Jesum Christum Filiumejus unicum Dominum nostrum.

(Fairford.) Nailed to a V-shaped frame. (Bronze gate, St.

Paul, Rome.) Bound on a trans-

verse cross. (Ch. of SS. Nereoand Achilles, Rome.) Tall cross

and book. (Window, Sta.

Croce, Florence.) A Latin cross,

held longitudinally. (Apsewindow, Bourges Cath.) Rom.,Gk., Russ., Copt, and Syr. Marts.

St. Andrew of Rinn(Tyrol)

1462 (July 12). A boy with lily

and sickle. (Baring-Gould.)

St. Andrew Avellino ofNaples

C. 1608 (Nov. 10). Angelssinging the office with mm.ICahier.) Dying on altar steps.

(Ibid.) Contemplating a cruci-

fix. (Husenbeth.) Rom. Mart.

St. Andrew Corsini of

FiesoleB.C. 1373 (Feb. 4). B.V.Maryappearing to him while ,

cele-

brating Mass. (Cahier.) Onhorseback in a battle. (Ibid.)

On clouds. (Ibid.) Betweena wolf and a lamb. (Baring-

Gould.)

St. AndrewM. Companion of St. Peter

(May 15). q-v.

SS. Andronicus andAthanasia of Antioch

CC. c. 450 (Oct. 9). A silver-

smith and his wife who went

into retirement and died at

Scete in Egypt. Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. AndronicusM. Companion of St. Tarachus

(Oct. 11), q.v.

St. Anectus of CaesareaM. c. 310 (June 27). Mar-

tyred by Urban, Governor of

Cappadocia, in the Diocletian

persecution. He was scourgedby soldiers and his hands, feet

and head struck off. Rom.Mart.

St. AnectusM. Companion of St. Codratus(Mar. 10), q.v.

St. Aner of Lorraine5th cent. Bishop of Toul andbrother of St. Apronia.

St. AneurinC. Companion of St. Gwynoc(Oct. 26), q.v.

Angels. The NineChoirs of:

ArchangelsFigure standing in a citadel,

holding a sceptre and resting

on a sword. (Roodscreen, BartonTurf.) Sword and scales.

(Screen, Southwold.) Sun orstar on the breast. (Font,

Norwich Cath.)

St. BarachielArchangel. Lap of his cloak

full of white roses. (Ch. of

the Holy Angels, Palermo, andFaber's Blessed Sacrament.)

St. GabrielArchangel (Mar. 18). Sceptre

and shield, with monogram of

the B.V. Mary. (Roodscreen,

Southwold.) Bearing a lily.

(Pictures of the Annunciation.)

Lantern in his right hand,mirror in his left, of green jasper

with red spots reflecting rays of

lantern. (Painting, Ch. of the

Holy Angels, Palermo.)

St. JehudielArchangel Golden crown in

right hand ; scourge of three

black cords in left. (Ch. of the

Holy Angels, Palermo, andFaber's Blessed Sacrament.)

St. MichaelArchangel (Sept. 29). Inarmour, striking a dragon witha sword. (Screen, Ranworth.)

Piercing a dragon with a lance.

(XV. cent, window, Bampton.)Holding a pair of scales, black

devil in one, white figure in the

other. (Screen, Filby.) As the

last ; devils in one scale, souls in

the other ; one devil fallen out

and scale rising. (Window,Martham.) Weighing souls,

devil depressing one scale.

(Window, Vincent Collection.)

Sword and scales ; two men in

one, millstone in the other,

which a dragon is pulling down.(Bas-relief, Meran, Tyrol.)

Scales ; devil pulling down one,

soul in the other ; the B.V.Mary throwing in a rosary,

which weighs it down. (Islip

and Bexley Churches.) Scales ;

Satan pulling down one side

;

9

St. Michael piercing him witha cross-staff. (Flos Sanct.)

Lance and shield. (Fra An-gelica.) Piercing Satan witha long cross ; a short cross in his

other hemd. (Tabl. de la Croix.)

Trampling on Lucifer; palm

in left hand, lance in right, withbanner at top, white with a red

cross, twisted round the lance.

(Ch. of the Holy Angels, Palermo.

Banner-headed staff or lance.

(East window, Exeter Cath.)

St. RaphaelArchangel. Bearing a staff.

(Murillo, Leuchtenberg Gall.)

Carrying a fish. (Tabl. de la

Croix.) Walletover his shoulder.

(Hours of Anne of Brittany.)

Supporting a vase with his left

hand ; with his right leading

Tobias, who holds a fish by thegiUs. (Ch. of the Holy Angels,

Palermo.) Walking on a river

with a pilgrim's staff. (Callot.)

A gourd bottle. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Staff, fish and gourd.

(Window, Ansford, Somerset.)

St. SealtielArchangel. Hands clasped onhis heart. (Old engraving.) Inthe attitude of prayer. (Ch. of

the Holy Angels, Palermo.)

St. UrielArchangel. Scroll and book.(Attrib. der Heil.) Holding asword across his breast, flames

in his left hand. (Ch. of the

Holy Angels, Palermo.) Holdinga sword, flames at his feet.

(Old engraving.)

AngelsFigure bearing a spear ; almsbox at his girdle ; two children

looking up as to their guardian.

(Roodscreen, Barton Turf.) Inan alb of cloth of gold with acrossed green stole ; holding

children in a white cloth.

(Roodscreen, Southwold, c. 1460.)

Holding organ pipes. (Font,

Norwich Cath.)

Guardian Angelstanding with bare feet on agolden wheel, clothed with red

feathers ; with four purple

wings edged with green. (MS.Hours.)

Angel of JusticeHolding a sword upright. (MS.Hours.)

Angel of MercyHolding a branch with three

white flowers. (MS. Hours.)

St. Chamael.Angd. Staff and cup. (Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. Haniel.Angel. Reed sceptre and

crown of thorns. (Attrib. der

Heil)

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Jophiel.

Angel. Flaming sword ; driv-

ing Adam and Eve out of Para-dise. (Aitrib. der Heil.)

St. ZadkielAngel. Holding Abraham'ssacrificing knife. [Ikon.)

St. Zaphkiel.Angel. A wand in his hand.{Cahier.)

CherubimHand lifted in adoration

;

clothed in feathers. (Rood-screen, Barton Turf ; Font, Nor-wich Cath.) Standing on awheel ; hands folded on breast.

(Roodscreen, Southwold ; win-dows, Odell and Badley Churches.

SeraphimSwinging a thurible ; clothed

with feathers. [Roodscreen,

Barton Turf; Font, NorwichCath.) Standing on a wheel

;

face and hands red, the rest

gold ; scroll in left hand in-

scribed Scs Scs Scs. (Rood-

screen, Southwold.)

ThronesThrone and golden scales.

(Roodscreen, Barton Turf.)

Figure with a tower in his hands

;

belt of golden squares. (Screen,

Southwold.) Seated on goldenfaldstool, and holding on their

knees a radiant star. (Cope at

Mt. St. Mary Coll., Derbyshire.)

DominationsTriple crown and chasuble.


Figure with chalice and Host in

his right hand, globe and cross

in left ; church under his feet.

(Screen, Southwold.)

PrincipalitiesCrowned ;

palm branch in left

hand and vial in right. (Rood-

screen, Barton TurfJ) Standingin a citadel with a sceptre.


PowersChaining and scourging devils.


Figure holding a devil in a

chain, scourging and trampling

upon him. (Screen, Southwold ;

Font, Norwich Cath.)

VirtuesIn green clothing and blue

feathers. (Roodscreen, Barton

Turf.) Figure with croWn in

right hand, censer in left.


St. Angela of FoligniV. 1309 (Jan. 4). Holding the

devil chained. (Cahier.) ALife by Friar Amald.

St. Angela of MericiV. 1540 (May 31). Virgins

ascending a ladder. (Cahier.)

St. Ursula and companions ap-

pearing to her. (Ibid.) Rom.

Mart.

St. Angelus of AlicateP.M. 1220 (May 5). Lilies androses falling from his mouth.(Ikon.) Hung on a tree. (Lud.

Carracci.) Carmelite ; swordplunged in his breast ; holding

book and palm encircled bythree crowns. (Acad. Ghent, T.

Boyermans.) CarmeHte; swordin breast, another across his

head, palm in one hand, bookin other with three crowns on it.

(Solitaire.) Butler, Pafebroke,

etc.

St. AngelusM. One of the seven Fran-

ciscan Martyrs (Oct. 13), q.v.

St. Angilbert of

St. RiquierAb. 814 (Feb. 18). Restoring

a broken pillar by his blessing.

(Cahier.) Gall. Mart.

St. Angradrisma of

BeauvaisV. Abs. 695 (Oct. 14). Marksof smaUpox on her face. (Cat.

Sanct.)

St. Angus of KeldB. Ab. C. c. 824 (Mar. 11).

Book and pen in hand, three

books at his side. (Engraving.)

Celt. Mart., Colgan.

St. Anian. SeeSt. Aignan

(Nov. 17).

St. Anianus ofAlexandria

B. c. 86 (Apr. 25). A shoe-

maker at work. (Cahier.)

Butler.

St. Anianus. See St.

Eneon(Apr. 21).

St. Anicetus of RomeM. Pope. 168 (Apr. 17). Suc-

cessor to St. Pius I., he was anopponent of the Valentinian

heresy and a coadjutor of St.

Polycaip of Smyrna. Rom.Mart., Eusebius.

SS. Anicetus andPhotius of NicomediaMM. c. 305 (Aug. 12). Uncleand nephew, they were throwninto the furnace of the baths of

Nicomedia during the Diocle-

tian persecution. Gk., Russ.,

Mod. Rom. Marts.

St. AnicetusM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Aninas of Meso-potamiaH. (Mar. 16). Was a hermit in

the deserts of the Euphrates.Gk. Mart.

St. Anna of JerusalemPts. 1st cent. (Sept. i). As anaged Woman, at the presenta-

10

tion of Our Saviour in the

Temple. (Rubens, Antwerp

Cath.)

St. Anna. See St. Enda(Mar. 21).

St. Anne, Mother of

the Blessed Virgin(July 26). Teaching Our Ladyto read. (Many instances.)

Standing behind B.V.M. and

Infant. (Window, Cossey Hall.)

Offering fruit to the Infant in

lap of B.V.M. (British MuseumAdd. MS. 17012.) Triple crown

in left hand, book in right.

(MS. Hours.) Holy Child on

her arm, B.V.M. before her.

(Primer 1516.) B.V.M. on her

knee. Infant Jesus on knee of

B.V.M. (MS. Hours.) Carry-

ing Infant Saviour in one arm,

B.V.M. on other. (Brunswick

coins.) Holding out her mantle,

B.V.M. with Infant Christ

before her. (Horce B.V.M.)Meeting St. Joachim at Golden

Gate of Jerusalem. (Window,

Cossey Hall.) Holding a flower-

ing sceptre, B.V.M. on her arm.

(Window, Chartres Cath.)

St. Anno of CologneAbp. C. 1075 (Dec. 4). Churchin his hand. (Cahier.) Rom.and Ger. Marts., Fleury, Surius.

St. Ansanus of SienaM. c. 303 (Dec. i). Palm withcluster of dates, standard of

cross. (Florentine Gallery, S.

Memmi.) Fountain where his

head fell. (Cahier.)

St. Ansaricc. 650 (Sept. 5). Bishop of

Soissons.

St. Ansbald of the Eifel886 (July 12). An abbot of

Prum.

St. Ansbert of RouenAbp. 695 (Feb. 9). Discipline

in his hand. (Burgmaier.)

Chalice in his hand. (Cahier.)

Rom. Mart.

St. Anscharius ofHamburg

B. 865 (Feb. 3). ConvertedDanes near him. (Ikon.) Wear-ing a fur peUsse. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Ger., Scan, and Belg.

Marts., Bollandus, Mabillon.

St. Ansegis of Fonte-nelleAbp. (July 20). Became amonk, c. 788, and was abbotin turn of the abbeys of Flaix,

Luxeuil and FonteneUe. Gall,

and Bene. Marts.

St. Anselm of Canter-buryAbp. 1109 (Apr. 21). B.V.Mary, with Holy Infant ap-pearing to him. (Porter's Lives

Saints and their Emblemsof Saints.) A hill near him.[Cahier.) Exorcising a monlt.[Callot.) Holding the model of

a ship. {Old engraving.) Papalbull m hand. (Cahier.) Rom.and Eng. Marts., Florence ofWorcester, William of Malmes-bury.

St. Anselm of LuccaB.C. 1086 (Mar. 18). Armytaking flight before him.{Cahier.) Canisius.

St. Anskar. SeeSt. Anscharius

(Feb. 3).

St. Ansovinus, orAnsewin, of Camerino

B.C. 840 (Mar. 13). Blessinga bam near him. {Attrib. derHeil.) Rom. Mart., CamerinoBreviary.

St. Anstrude. SeeSt. Austrude

(Oct. 17).

St. Anteros of RomePope. M. c. 236 (Jan. 3).

Successor to St. Pontianus andfounder of the office of notaryin the church. Rom. Mart.,

Usuardus.

St. Anthelm of BellayB.C. 1177 (June 26). Car-

thusian habit, mitre at his feet,

above his head a lamp with theDivine Hand pointing to it.

{Baring-Gould.) As above, butthe Divine Hand kindling the

lamp with a torch. {Ibid.)


St. Anthimius ofMcomediaB.M. 303 (Apr. 27). Savedfrom drowning by an angel.

{Cahier.) Rom. Mart., Ado,Notker, Usuardus, Eusebius.

St. AnthusaM. Companion of St. Athan-asius (Aug. 22), q.v.

St. AntidiusofBesan9onB. c. 411 (June 25). Miracu-

lous fountain near his altar.

{Cahier.) Rom. Mart.

SS. Antiochus andCyriac of SebasteMM. c. 250 (July 15). St.

Antiochus was beheaded byorder of the president, Adrian.

His executioner, Cyriac, con-

verted by his martyrdom. Gk.

Mencea. Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. AntipasM. c. 92 (Apr. 11). Bishop of

Pergamos. Mentioned in Rev.

ii. 13. Gk. Menology, Rom.

Mart.

St. Antonia of CirtaV.M. 300 (Apr. 29). Barrel

near her. {Ikon.) Shut up in

a barrel. {Attrib. der Heil)

St. Antonina of NicaeaM. 4th cent. (Mar. i). Mar-tyred under Maxentius, she wastorn with rakes and drowned in

a sack. Gk. Menoea, Rom. Mart.

St. Antoninus ofApamaeaM. c. 580 (Sept. 2). A stone-

cutter, engaged on building thechiurch of the Holy Trinity at

Apamaea in Syria, he wasmurdered in a riot. Rom. Mart.

St. Antoninus, P., andCompanions, ofCaesareaMM. 308 (Nov. 13). Martyredwith the sword by Fermilian in

the Maximinian persecution.

Rom. Mart., Eusebius.

St. Antoninus ofFlorenceAbp. 1459 (May 10). Domini-can friar, wearing the Pallium.

{Cosimo Rocelli.) Dominicanfriar, mitre near him. {Ikon.)

Drifting down a river in a boat.

{Husenbeth.) Holding a bookin a bag. {Isabella Breviary,

British Museum.) Holding apair of scales, fruit in one scale,

scroU in the other. {Cahier.)

Giving bread or clothes to the

poor. {Ibid.) Butler, Pape-broke, etc.

St. Antoninus, or Anto-nine, of Sorrento

Ab. c. 830 (Feb. 14). Holdingstandard on wall of a city.

{Ikon.)

St. Antoninus ofToulouseCM. 2nd cent. (July 6).

Fountain springing at touch of

his staff. {Cahier.) Fountainobtained by his prayers. {Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. AntoninusM. Companion of St. Victor

(Apr. 20), q.v.

St. Antony the GreatAb. C. 356 (Jan. 17). Staff

like letter T. (Cimabue;Blythorpe Church.) Staff andbell. {Wm. of Cologne.) Staff

and bell, pig with bell about its

neck, book and rosary. {Window,Stoke Pogis Church.) Walkingon fire, pig on either side. {MS,Hours.) Bell in hand. {Window,Sparkham.) T-cross on his

cloak, pig at his side. {Tab. de

la Croix.) Torch and bell.

{Israel van Mecken.) Staff with

two beUs. ij'urin Gall.,

Ferrari.) T-staff piercing devil's

foot, T on his cloak, book andbell in hand, pig with beU at

side. {yVindow, Hautbois, Nor-

folk.) Flames tmder his feet.

{Heures d'Anne de Bretagne.)

Visiting St. Paul the Hermit in

11

his cell. {Velasquez.) Book,staff with bell, pig at feet.

{Window, Abbot's Bickington,

Devon.) Cross-handled staff,

book, pig at feet. {XVI. cent,

window, Arezzo.) Holding awooden spoon. {Fresco, CampoSanto, Pisa.) Life by St. Athan-asius, Sozomen, St. Jerome, etc.,

etc.

St. Antony Cauleas ofConstantinople

Patr. C. 895 (Feb. 12). APhrygian by birth, he contested

the Photian heresy and restored

peace to the church in the East.

Butler, Le Quien.

St. Antony of Tuscany1459 (May 2). Archbishop of

Florence.

St. Antony of PaduaC. 1231 (June 13). Crucifix

in his right hand. Holy Infantstanding on a book in his

left. {Berlin Gallery, Murillo.)

Ibid. Holy Infant seated. {Soli-

taire.) Kneeling receiving theHoly Infant from B.V. Mary.{Alonzo Cano.) Kneeling, theInfant Jesus on a cloud abovehim. {Hueberus.) Flames in his

hand. {Siena School, Vatican.)

KneeUng with globe and cross.

{Murillo.) LUy in his hand.{Raphael.) Lily and book.{Eremite Ch., Padua) Holdinga flask of red liquid in a shrine.

{Raphael.) Raising a dead manbefore a judge. {Cahier.)

Holding aloft the Blessed Sacra-

ment, ass kneeling before him.{Callot.) PreacMng to fishes.

{Ibid) Vanquishing the devil.

{Der Heyl. Leib) In Fran-ciscan habit. {Window, StPetronio, Bologna) Lily in

right hand, holding one foot of

the Holy Infant, who stands

upon a cloud and embraces him.{Old picture)

St. Antony, and Com-panions, of YilnaMM. 1342 (Apr. 14). Threechamberlains to Olgerd, GrandDuke of Lithuania, they wereconverted by the priest Nes-torius, imprisoned and hanged.Butler, Heuschenius.

St. Anysia of Thes-salonicaM. 304 (Dec. 30). Of noble

parentage, she was renownedfor her alms-givings and wasmurdered by being pierced witha sword. Rom. and Gk. Marts.

St. Anysius of Thes-salonica

B. 410 (Dec. 30). Disciple

and successor of St. Anascho-Uus as Bishop of Thessalonica,

which see he occupied during

the massacre under Theodosius.

Rom. and Gk. Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. AnzanoM. 15th cent. Carrying aheart and liver. (AUrib. der

Heil.)

St. ApellesH. 4th cent. Locksmith's tools

about him. (Ikon.) Forge andanvU near him. (Cahier.)

St. Aper of ToulB.C. 5th cent. (Sept. 15). De-livering possessed persons.

{Calht.)

St. Aphraates ofAntiochH. c. 380 (Apr. 7). Striking

water out of a rock. [Gueffier.)

Refusing a rich robe. (Blaise.)

Rom. and Gk. Marts., Theo-doref.

St. Aphrodisius, B., andCompanions, of BeziersMM. 1st cent. (Mar. 22 andApr. 28). On a camel, or acamel near him. (Cahier.)

His head in his hands. (Baring-

Gould.) Ado, Usuardus, Not-

her, Rom., Gall, and Spn. Marts.

St. Aphrodisius of

CiliciaM. (June 21). Was cast to

lions. Gk. Mencea and Meno-logy.

St. AphrodisiusM. (Mar. 14). Companion of

St. Peter, q.v.

St. Apian of CaesareaM. Brother of St. Edesius(April 8), q.v.

St. Apodemus ofSaragossaM. (April 16). Companion of

St. Optatus, q.v.

St. Apollinaris theApologist

B. (Jan. 8). Was Bishop of

HierapoUs. Butler, Eusebius,

Theodoret, St. Jerome, etc.

St. Apollinaris of

RavennaB.M. c. 79 (July 23). Withclub. (Ikon.) Beaten with club

by the devU. (Der Heyl. Leb.)

Standing on hot coals. (Attrib.

der Heil.) As a bearded Greekbishop preaching to sheep.

(Mosaic, St. Apollinaris, Ra-venna.) Angel bringing him a

crown. (Weyen.) Holding a

sword. (Isabella Breviary, British

Museum.) Raven by his side.

(Baring-Gould.) Rom. Mart.

St. Apollinaris of

ValenceB. 520 (Oct. 5). Causing a

stream of water to rise out of

the groimd. (Cahier.) Gall.

and Rom. Marts.

St. ApollinarisM. Companion of St. Timothy(Aug. 23), q.v.

St. Apollinaris SidoniusB.C. 482 (Aug. 23). Appear-ing to a priest. (Cahier.) Writ-ing reUgious poems. (Icon.

Sanct.) Butler, Ceillier, Gall,

and Rom. Marts.

St. Apollinaris Syn-cletica of Egypt

V. 5th cent. (Jan. 5). Daughterof the prefect Anthemius. Dieda recluse at Scete. Butler, Lat.

Mart.

St. Apollo of theThebaidAb. c. 395 (Jan. 25). A re-

cluse, imprisoned by Julian the

Apostate. Palladius, Sozomen,

Bollandus.

St. Apollonia ofAlexandria

V.M. 249 (Feb. 9). Holding atooth in pincers. (Roodscreens,

Ludham, Westhall, Barton Turf,

Lessingham; XV. cent, window,Kingskerswell, Devon.) Pincers

alone. (St. Mary's Ch., Cologne.)

Hammer or tooth extractor in

her hand; clasped book andteeth lying on it. (Roodscreen,

Somerleyton.) Pincers, tooth

and palm. (XV. cent, window,St. Stephens, Norwich.) Boundto a piUar and scourged. (F.

Granacci, Munich Gall.) Rom.Mart.

St. ApolloniusM. 300 (Apr. 5). On a funeral

pile. (Ikon.) Drowned in thesea. (Attrib. der Heil.) Cruci-

fied. {Weyen.)

St. Apollonius theApologistM. c . 185 (Apr. 18). A senatorof Rome, he wrote against the

Phrygian heresy and was mar-tyred under Commodus, his

limbs being broken before de-

capitation. Usuardus, Ado,Notker, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Apollonius ofBresciaB. 2nd cent. (July 7). Linenbrought him from heaven for acorporal. (Cahier.)

St. ApolloniusM. Companion of St. Marcian(June 5), q.v.

St. ApolloniusM. Companion of St. Philemon(Mar. 8), q.v.

St. Apphian, or Apian,of CaesareaM. 306 (Apr. 2). A Lycian,disciple of Eusebius, scourged,racked, burnt and drowned byUrbanus, Governor of Caesarea.

Gk. Mencea and Rom. Mart.

12

St. AppiaM. Companion of St. Philemon

(Nov. 22), q.v.

St. Apronia of ToulV. c. 480 (July 15). Sister of

St. Aner, Bishop of Toul. Gall.

Mart.

St. ApuleiusM. Companion of St. Marcellus

(Oct. 7), q.v.

SS. Aquila and Priscilla

of Asia Minorc. 60 (July 8). Making tents.

(Callot.) Shoemaker's tools,

each holding a sword. (Ikon.)

Bede, Usuardus, Ado, Rom.Mart.

St. Aquilina of BiblisV.M. 293 (June 13). Tortured

and beheaded by the JudgeVolusian in the Diocletian

persecution. Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. AquilinaM. Companion of St. Niceta

(July 24), q.v.

St. AquilinusM. 1220 (n.d.). Sword in his

neck. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Aquilinus of EvreuxB. c. 693 (Oct. 19). As blind

bishop giving alms. (Icon.

Sanct.) Kneeling with his wife

at altar. (Cahier.)

St. Arbogastus ofStrasburg

B. 678 (^y 21). Passing dryover river. (Cahier.) Rom. andGer. Marts., Bosch, Wyon andMenardus.

St. Arcadius of AfricaM. (Jan. 12). Stretched on therack. (Old engraving.) Withlighted taper. (Ikon.) Withdub and sword. (Attrib. der

Heil) Limbs chopped off.

(Gueffier, Lambrecht Blaise.) Asa torso. (Baring-Gould.) Rom.Mart., Bede, Tillemont.

Bl. Archangela ofTridino

V. (n.d.). Receiving basketof bread from a boy. (Print,

Carmelite Fathers, Bruges.)

St. Archelaa, and Com-panions, of Salerno

V. and MM. 285 (Jan. 18).

Tortured and beheaded byLeontius, Governor of Salemo,in the Diocletian persecution.

Salemo Breviary.

St. Archelaus of OstiaD. Companion of St. Censur-inus (Sept. 5), q.v.

St. Archinimus ofMasculaM. Companion of St. Armo-gastes (Mar. 29), q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Archippus

1st cent. (Mar. 20). A com-panion of St. Paul the Apostle.

St. ArdalioM. c. 300 (Apr. 14). An actor,

he professed his faith upon the

stage, and was martyred by fire.

R(ym. and, Gk. Marts.

St. Ar6B.C. (N.D.). Lying down in aboat. (Husmbeth.)

St. Arethas, and Com-panions, ofArabia FelixMM. 523 (Nov. 24). Prince of

Nadjran, beheaded, with three

hundred of his subjects, by DzuNowass. Ethiopic and RussianKalendars.

St. Arethas of RussiaMk. c. 1250 (Oct. 24). A monkat Kieff.

St. AriadneV. (n.d.). Hiding in a rock

from her pursuers. {Ikon.)

SS. Ariald of Lago Mag-giore, and Herlembaldof MilanMM. 1065 (June 27). St. Ariald

in deacon's orders. Was tortured

and drowned by Olivia, niece of

Archbishop Guido. St. Herlem-bald, his brother, was kiUed bythe sword in Milan. Italian

Marts.

St. ArianM. Companion of St. Philemon,

(Mar. 8), q.v.

St. Arigiusc. 615 (Aug. 10). An Arch-

bishop of Lyons.

St. Arilda of Kington(Glos.)V.M. (Oct 30). Murdered byone Muncius. Oldbiiry Church(Glos.) is dedicated to her.

Leland's Itinerary.

St. Aristarchusist cent. (Aug. 4). In episcopal

vestments. {Antechapel, Mag.

Coll., Oxon.) Rom. Mart.,

Usuardtts, also Col. iv. 10.

St. AristeonM. (Sept. 3). Bishop of Alex-

andria in Cificia.

St. Aristides2nd cent. (Aug. 31). A philo-

sopher of Athens.

St. AristionM. (Oct. 17). One of the

seventy disciples and a com-

panion of St. Papias (Feb. 22),

q.v. On a funeral pile.

(Cahier.) Rom. Mart., St.

Jerome, Eusebius.

St. Aristobulusc, 60 (Mar. 15). One of the

seventy disciples, and brother

to St. Barnabas. Rom., Gk. and

Eng. Marts.

St. AristonicusCompanion of St. Expeditus(April 19), q.v.

St. AriusM. Companion of St. MarcianQune 5), q.v.

St. Armagil or ArmelC. 552 (Aug. 16). A monk of

Brittany. Holding hook, withdevilonendofchain. {Roodscreen,

Torbryan.) Wearing chasuble

over armour. {Bened. Ch.,

Romsey.) Dragon bound withhis stole. [Statuary, Hen. VII.Chap., Westminster.)

St. Armogastes andCompanionsMM. c. 463 (Mar. 29). De-capitated in Africa. As a cow-herd. (Gueffier.) Usuardus,

Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Arnald of CataniaAb. 1255 (Feb. 10). An abbotat Padua.

St. Arnoald. SeeSt. Bodagisl

(Dec. 18).

St. Arnoald, or Arnoul,of Metz

B. 640 (July 18). Fish withring in mouth. (Burgmaier.)

Raven canying fish. {Cahier.)

Gall., Ger. and Rom Marts.,

Butler, Mabillon, Bosch, etc.

St. Arnold of JuliersC. 9th cent. (July 18). Was in

priest's orders at AmsWeiler.

St. Arnulf of theArdennesM. (July 24). Martyred at

Monson.

St. Arnulf of IvelinesM. c. 534 (July 18). Mission-

ary to the Frcinks after the

baptism of Clovis. Murderedat Ivelines in the Aquilin forest.

Butler, Cuper.

St. Arnulf, or Arnoul, of

SoissonsC. 1087 (Aug. 15). With abrewer's implement. {Cahier.)

Wolf going before him into a

town. {Icon. Sanct.) Prajring

in a cave. {Callot.) Holding a

bunch of hops. {Cahier.) Butler,

Gall. Mart., etc.

Bl. Arnulf de CornibontofVillarsMk. 1228 (June 30). Bom at

Brussels. Was a lay brother in

the Cistercian Abbey at ViUais.

Bdg. Mart.

St. Arnulph of the

Cevennesc. 1074 (Sept. 19). Bishop of

Gap.

18

St. ArontiusM. (Sept. i). One of the twelvebrothers, q.v.

St. Arrow. See St. Mael-rubha

(Aug. 27).

St. Arsacius of Nico-mediaH. 358 (Aug. 16). Persian bybirth, and keeper of the Em-peror's lions, he was converted

by Licinius. Mod. Rom. Mart.,

Ado, Notker, etc.

St. Arsenius of SceteH. c. 440 (July 19). Weavingbaskets of palm leaves. {Fresco,

Campo Santo, Pisa.) Gk. andMod. Rom. Marts.

SS. Arsiclas andYictoria of CordovaMM. c. 304 (Nov. 17). Crownedwith roses. (C. Kunst. sym.Cat. Sanct.)

St. Artemas of PuteoliM. N.D. (Jan. 25). A boy,

he was martyred by being

stabbed to death with stylae byhis schoolfellows. St. Jerome.

St. Artemius of AntiochM. c. 330 (Oct. 20). Heathentemple in flames. {Die Heili-

genbild.) Crushed between twostones. {Old engraving.) Re-monstrating with the EmperorJulian. {Gueffier.) Butler,

Theodoret.

St. Artemius of Rome3rd cent. Companion of St.

Paulina (June 6).

St. Arthemiusc. 570 (Apr. 28). Bishop of

Sens.

St. AsaphB.C. 6th cent. (May i). Pupil

and successor of St. Kentigem,abbot of Llan Elwy. Butler,

Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Asclas of Hermo-polisM. c. 304 (Jan. 23). Torturedand drowned at Antinoe by the

Governor Arrianus. Baring-

Gould.

St. Asclepiasc. 217 (Oct. 18). Was Bishopof Antioch.

St. AsclepiodotusM. Companion of St. Maximus(Sept. 15), q.v.

St. Ascylus. See

St. Arsiclas(Nov. 17).

St. Asella of Romec. 410 (Dec. 6). Of noble

Roman birth and a pupil of St.

Jerome. Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Aspasius

0- 550 (Jan. 2). Was in priest's

orders at Melun.

St. Asprenius of NaplesB.C. 1st cent. (Aug. 3). Saidto have been baptized and con-secrated bishop by St. Peter.

Rom. Mart.

St. Asterius of AmaseaAbp. c. 400 (Oct. 30). Suc-cessor to EulaUus and a father

of the Church. Butler, Photius,

etc.

St. Asterius of OstiaP.M. 222 (Oct. 21). Flungover a bridge into the Tiber byAlexander, Prefect of Rome.Usuardus, Nother, Bede, Ado,Wandelhert, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. AsteriusM. (Aug. 23). Brother andcompanion of St. Claudius, q.v.

Tortured to death by Lysias,

Pro-consul of Cilicia.

St. AsteriusC. (Aug. 7). Companion of

St. Marinus (Mar.| 3), q.v. Ofsenatorial ranlc. He was be-

headed.

St. Asyncritus of

HyeaniaB.M. (Apr. 8). Companion of

St. Herodion, q.v., and Bishopof Hyrcania, where he suffered

martyrdom.

St. Athala. SeeSt. Attala

(Dec. 3).

St. AthanasiaW. Abs. 880 (Aug. 14). Weav-ing at loom, star over her.

(Callot.) Star on breast. (Die

Heil.) Our Lord appearing to

her. [Gueffier.)

St. AthanasiaC. c. 450. Companion of St.

Andronicus (Oct. 9), q.v.

St. Athanasius ofAlexandria

Patr. B.C.D. 373 (May 2).

As Greek Archbishop, with the

paUiiun, standing between twocolumns, open book in hand.

[Painting at Alexandria.)

Heretics under his feet. {Old

engraving.) In a boat on the

Nile. (Cahier.)

St. Athanasius of Italy872 (July 15). A bishop of

Naples.

St. Athanasius of

JerusalemD.M. c. 453 (July 5). Murdered

in the Eutychian riots, insti-

gated by the monk Theodosius.

Rom. Mart.

St. Athanasius of thePoloponesus

9th cent. (Jan. 31). Bishop of

Methone.

SS. Athanasius andAnthusa of TarsusMM. 257 (Aug. 22). Anthusa,a native of Seleucia, convertedby Athanasius, Bishop of Tar-sus, became a recluse. Bothwere mart5T:ed under Valerian.

Mod. Rom. and Gk. Marts.

St. AthanasiusM. Convert and companion of

St Zosimus (Jan. 3), q.v.

St. AthenogenesM. N.D. (July 14). Exe-cutioner attempting his Ufe.

{Icon. Sand.)

St. Athilda. SeeSt. Alkelda

(N.D.).

St. Athracta of Con-naught

V. 6th cent. (Feb. 9). Ofnoble birth, she was the daughterof Talan, of the family of

Dalaradia, and sister of St.

Coeman. Colgan, Lanigan.

St. Attala of StrasburgV. Abs. 741 (Dec. 3). Dead,with one hand cut off. {Attrib.

der Heil) Fr., Ger. and Bene.Marts.

St. AttalusM. 177 (June 2). On a red-hot

stool. {Chris. Kunsfsymb.)

St. Attalus of Italy626 (Mar. 10). An abbot of

Bobbio.

St. AttalusM. Companion of St. Pothinus

(June 2), q.v. Was tortured andthrown to wild beasts.

St. Atticus425 (Jan. 8). Succeeded St.

Chrysostom as Patriarch of

Constantinople. Rom. and Ger.

Marts., Usuardus, Sozomen, etc.

St. Attilan1009 (Oct. 5). Bishop of Za-morra.

St. Aubert. SeeSt. Ansbert

(Feb. 9).

St. Aubert or AutbertB.C. 669 (Dec. 13). With baker'speel. (Dalmatic, Ghent Cathe-

dral ; Roodscreen, Wolborough.)Ass, with panniers of bread,

purse on its neck. (Husenbeth.)

St. Aubin. SeeSt. Albinus

(Mar. I).

14

St. Auctor6th cent. (Aug. 10). Bishop of

Metz.

St. Auctor5th cent. (Aug. 20). Bishop of

Treves.

St. AudaxM. Gaoler and companion of St.

AnathoHa (July 9), q.v.

SS. Audifax andAbachum, of RomeMM. 270 (Jan. 19). Tied to

stake and torn with hooks.

(Old engraving.) Butler, Bollan-

dus, Tillemont, Chatelain, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Audoen. See

St. Ouen(Aug. 24).

St. Audobertc. 700 (Feb. 9). Was Bishop of

Senlis.

St. Audomarus. See

St. Omer(Sept. 9).

St. Audry. SeeSt. Etheldreda

(June 23).

St. Aufried1008 (May 3). Bishop of

Utrecht.

St. Augulus of BritainB.M. (Feb. 7). Described as

being martyred either at

Augusta (possibly London) or

at St. Albans. Butler, Hen-schinius, etc.

St. AuguriusD.M. Companion of St Frus-tuosus (Jan. 21), q.v. Biimtto death in the Valerian perse-

cution.

St. Augusta of Serra-valle

V.M. c. 300 (Mar. 27). On afuneral pile, holding a sword.(Attrib. der Heil.) Ferrarius.

St. Augustine of Can-terbury

B.C. Apostle to the English.

604 (May 26). Baptizing Ethel-bert, Kmg of Kent. (Porter's

Lives of Saints.) Obtaining byprayer a fountain for baptizing.

(Cahier.) Ado, Hrabanus, Bede,Rom. and Eng. Marts.

St. Augustine of HippoB.C.Dr. 430 (Aug. 28). Hold-ing tall cross and flaming heart.

(XV. cent, window, Wintring-ham.) Holding flaming heart.

(Altar-pieceby Wohlgemuth.) One,or two, arrows crossed in heart.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Washing feet

of Christ, who appears as a pil-

grim. (Cahier.) Holding a

Saints and their Emblemsheart pierced with an arrow.(National Gallery.) With aneagle. {Die Heiligenbild.) Childwith spoon on seashore, at his

feet ; crosier head ending in

a flower. (XVI. cent, window,Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.)

Child before him with a shell.

(Callot.) A light from heaven,with the word " Veritas." (Old

engraving.) All Marts.

St. AugustineM. Brother and companion of

St. Sanctianus (Sept. 6), q.v.

St. Augustusc. 550 (Oct. 7.) Was Abbot of

Bourges.

StAuld. /See St. Aldate(June 14.)

St. Aule. SeeSt. Augulus

(Feb. 7.)

St. Aunarius or AunaireB. c. 605 (Sept. 25). Of dis-

tinguished family, he left theCourt of Gontran, King of

Burgundy, to study under Sya-garius. Bishop of Autun, andwas consecrated Bishop of

Auxerre, c. 570.. Butler, Labbe,

Bailleit.

St. Aurea of ParisV. Abs. c. 666 (Oct. 4). Hold-ing a nail. (Cahier.) In the

sea, a millstone hung round her

neck. (Callot.) Drawing hotcoals out of an oven with her

hands. (Cahier) Butler, Usuar-dus, Gall, and Mod. Rom.Marts., Felibien.

St. Aurea of OstiaV. A companion of St. Cen-surinus (Sept. 5), q.v.

St. Aurelian of AriesAbp. C. 551 (June 16.) Founderof a great monastery at Aries, in

which he was aided by K.Childebert. Butler, Le Cointe,

etc.

St. Aurelian(May 8). Bishop of Limoges.

St. Aurelius of CarthageAbp. 423 (July 20). A friend

of St. Austin, he was promotedfrom the archidiaconate of Car-

thage in 388. Butler, Baronius,

BaUlet, etc.

SS. Aurelius andSabagotha, of CordovaMM. 852 (July 27). Husbandand wife, parents of SS. Flora

and Mary (Nov. 24), they were

martyred by Moors. Rom. andSpn. Marts.

SS. Aureus, B., andJustina, V., of MaintzMM. 451 (June 16). St.

Aureus martyred at an altar.

(Cahier). Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Auspicius of Gaul(Aug. 2). A bishop of Apte.

St. Austell of CornwallC. c. 620 (June 28). As ahermit, with rosary and staff.

(Sculpture, St. Austell's Ch)

St Austin. SeeSt Augustine

(Aug. 28).

St. Austrebertha ofFlanders

V. 704 (Feb. 10). Cleaning

out an oven with her sleeves.

(Cahier.)

St. Austremonius ofAuvergneM. c 330 (Nov. i). Bishop of

Clermont, and apostle to Au-vergne. St. Gregory of Tours,

Tillem, Baillet.

St. Austrude of LaonV. Abs. c. 750 (Oct 17).

Daughter of St. Salaberga. Gall,

and Bene. Marts., Mabillon,

Bulteau.

St. Autbert668 pec. 13). Succeeded Alde-

bert as Bishop of Cambrai. Rom.

,

Gall, and Belg. Marts., Suvius.

St. AuthaM. Companion of St. Ammon-arium pec. 12), q.v.

St. AutonomusB.M. 4th cent. (Sept. 12).

Killed at the altar of his churchat Sora in Paphlagonia. Gk. andMod. Rom. Marts.

St. AuxentiusM. 307 pec. 13). Raven find-

ing his martyred head. (Cahier.)

Husenbeth.

St. AuxentiusH. in Bithynia. c. 470 (Feb.

14). Son of Abdas, a Christian

of Persia. Sozomen.

St. Auxentius of Mop-suestiaB. Early 4th cent. pec. 18).

Refusing to sacrifice to Bacchus.(Icon. Sanct.) Baring-Gould.

St. Auxibius of CyprusB. of Lotias. c. 102 (Feb. 19).

He was baptized and ordained

by John Mark, after the mar-tyrdom of St. Barnabas. Rom.Mart.

St. Avangour. See

St. WalburgisV. (Feb. 25).

St. Aventine ofChateaudun

B.C. 540 (Feb. 4). Taking athorn from abear'sfoot. (Ikon.)

Gall, and Rom. Marts., Usuardus.

15

St. AventineH.M. 8th cent. (June 7).

Martyred at Larbouste. Carry-

ing head in his hand. (Baring-

Gould.) Gall. Mart.

St. Avertanus of

TuscanyO.M.C. i6th cent. (Feb. 25).

St. Avertine ofTouraineD.C. 1189 (May 5). Heattended St. Thomas of Canter-

bury in exile and died at Vinzay.

Butler.

St. Avia or AvezeV.M. (May 6). Legends say

that she was tortured by the

Huns and exposed to Uons at

Cologne. Gall. Mart.

St. AvitusAb. c. 530 (June 17). Dis-

covered in soHtude by shepherd.

(Gueffler.) Raising a monk to

life. (Cahier.) Bearded, holdingbook and staff. (Statue, Chartres

Cath.) Bede, Ado, Usuardus,Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Avitus of VienneB.C. 524 (Feb. 5 and Aug. 20).

Son of Hesychius, B. of Vienne,whom he succeeded in 490.Rom., Gall. & Ger. Marts.,

Usuardus.

St. Avoice. SeeSt. Hedwig

(Oct. 17).

St. Avy. See St. Avitus(June 17).

St. Aya, Countess ofHainault

7th cent. (Apr. 18). Wife of

St. Hydulph, and relative of SS.

Aldegund and WaJtrudis. Belg.

Mart.

St. AygulfasB.C. c. 840 (Sept. I.) A hindnear him (Cahier.) Husenbeth.

St. Ayou. SeeSt. Aigulf

(Sept. 3).

SS. Azades and Com-panionsMM. c. 350 (Apr. 22). Mar-tjnred in Persiaby order of Sapor.Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus,Lozo II. qto 14.

St. BabolenAb. c. 671 (June 26). Heserved the diocese of Paris in

conjunction with St. Fursey andwas appointed first Abbot of St.

Maurs. Rom., Gall, and Belg.

Marts.

St. Babylus of AntiochB.M. c. 250 (Jan. 24.) Threeboys with hun. (Cahier.) Rom.Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. BacchusM. Companion of St. Sergius

(Oct. 7),g'.t;. Scourged. [Statuary,

Chartres Cath.)

St. Bademus of PersiaAb. M. 376 (Apr. 10). Hefounded a monastery near Beth-

lapeta, where he was martyredby the sword.

St. BainB. c. 711 (Jime 20). Abbotof St. Vandrilles, and fifth Bishopof Terouanne. He translated

the body of St. Amatus to Douai.

St. Baithenc. 601 (June 9). An abbot of

lona. Baring-Gould.

St. BalbinaV. 130 (Mar. 31). Chains of

St. Peter in her hand. {Paint-

ing. St. Balbina, Rome.) Kissing

captive's chains. (Gueffier.)

Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. Baldechilde. SeeSt. Bathild

(Jan. 30).

St, Balderic of RheimsC. c. 650 (Oct. 16). Brother of

St. Bova, and son of Sigebert I.,

he founded a monastery at

Fauquemont, near Rheims. Gall.

Mart.

St. Baldomerus. SeeSt. Galmier

(Feb. 27).

St. BaldredB.C. c. 608 (Mar. 6). He suc-

ceeded St. Mungo as Bishop of

Glasgow, and died at Laudon.King, Lesley.

St. Baldus. SeeSt. Bond

(Oct. 29).

St. BaldwinO.P. N.D. B.V.M. offering

him drink from two vessels.

{Lib. S.S. Belgii O.P.) Husen-

Bl. Baldwin of LaonM. 6th cent. (Jan. 8). Arch-

deacon of Laon, he was the sonof Basus, a noble, and St. Sala-

berga, and brother of St. Astruda.

Ger. and Gall. Marts.

St. BalthazarK. 1st cent. (Jan. 11 and Dec.

25). One of the Magi. Bearded,

robe trimmed with ermine, offer-

ing a covered cup to the HolyInfant. {Lucus v. Leyden,

Antwerp Mus.) Col. Brev.

St. BaltherH. c. 750 (Mar. 6). Said to

have lived as a solitary on the

Bass Rock. He is said to

be identical with St. Baldred,

q.v. His relics, together with

those of St. Bilfred, were trans-

lated, in 1104, to the shrine of the

Venerable Bede. Eng. and Scot.

Marts., M. Westminster, Turgot

of Durham, etc.

St. BarachisiusMk. M. Companion of St.

Jonas (Mar. 29), q.v.

St. Baradatus of SyriaH.C. c. 460 (Feb. 22). A con-

temporary of Theodoret, Bishopof Cyr, he hved in a cell made of

trellis-work. Gk. Men.

St. BarbaraV.M. c. 300 (Dec. 4). Holdingtower and palm. {Window,Wrangle, Lines) Holding towerand palm. {Windows, Mont-morency and Auch.) Carrying

a tower. {Window, Wintring-

ham.) With a three-windowedtower. {Molanus.) Holding amonstrance in left hand, torch in

right, wreath on head, supporting

a church as a crown. {Window,Cossey Hall.) With toWer,

trampling on a Saracen, lambin front carrying a long feather.

{Flemish Horae. ) With a tower,

carrying peacock's feather.

{Munich Gal.) Tower andchalice. {Ghirlandajo, Berlin Gal.)

Tower building near her, bookand pabn. {Haarlem, Van Eyck.)Tower with chaUce and Host in

doorway. {Heures, F. Quentin,

1552, St. Dominic, Siena.)

Tower, her head Wreathed withroses. {Roodscreen, St. Gregory,

Norwich.) Tower and palm.{Roodscreen, Somerleyton.) Hold-ing a sword, tower at side, chalice

and Host above. {German prayerbook.) ToWer with chalice in

window. [M. Grunewald.)Tower at entrance, holdingchahce and Host. {MunichGall., Holbein.) Ring and palm.{Add. MS., British Museum.)Spear and palm. {ViennaGallery, P. de Pistoja.) Burntwith torches. {Old etching.)

Wearing crown set with a triple

tower. {Museum, Rouen.)Cannon at her feet. {St. Maria,Formosa, Venice.) Tied to astake, pierced with spears andburnt with torches. {XVI. cent.

window, St. Patrice, Rouen.)Hung head downwards and tornwith rakes. {Ibid.)

St. Barbasceminus,B., and CompanionsMM. 346 (Jan. 14). Succeededhis brother, St. Sadoth, in thesee of Selencia and Ctesiphon.Accused as an enemy of thePersian religion, imprisoned byKing Sapor II., tortured and putto sword. Acta. Mart., Orient,per Steph., Assemani, T. i, p. 3.

St. Barbatus of Bene-vento

B.C. 682 (Feb. 19). Orderinga tree to be cut down. {Cahier.)

Rom. Mart.

16

Bl. Bardo of MainzAbp. 1053 (June 10 and 11).

Tomb with cripples and crutches.

{Cahier.) In a pulpit. {Cahier.)

St. BarhadbesciabasD.M. 354 (July 24). Racked

and decapitated at Arbela byOlder of K. Sapor II. Assemani,

T. I, p. 129.

SS. Barlaam andJosaphat, of CaesareaMM. 304 fNov. 27). Praying in

a cave. (Callot.) Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Barloke, or Burlok,

of NorburyAb. Bareheaded, with short

crosier or baculum {XV. cent,

window, Norbury Ch., Staffs.)

St. BarnabasAp. M. c. 53 (June 11). Hold-ing St. Matthew's Gospel.

{Bonifacio.) Stoned. {Callot.)

Pressing stone to breast. {Tab.

de la Croix.) Burnt to death.

{Der Heyl. Lib.) Three stones.

Fire near him. {Old engraving.)

St. Barr, Barrochus, or

BarrusB.C. c. 620 (Sept. 25.) Accord-ing to legends he was a com-panion of St. David. He wasthe first Bishop of Cork, and died

at Cloyne. Colgan, G. Camb.

St. BarsanuphiusH. c. 550 (Feb. 6 and Apr. 11).

A companion of St. Doritheus,he left the monastery of St.

Seridou and hved alone in aremote cell near Gaza. Evat-rius, Bulteau.

St. Barsabias of Persia,Ab., and CompanionsMM. 342 Pec. II and Oct. 20).

A disciple of St. Eugenius, tor-

mented and martyr^, togetherwith ten of his monks, by orderof Sapor. Butler.

St. Barsas of EdessaB.C. 2370 (Jan. 30). Banishedto the Isle of Aradus by theAryan Emperor Valens, andfrom thence to Egypt. Rom.Mart.

St. Barsimaes, orBarsaumusB.M. c. 114 (Jan. 30). Hewas the third Bishop of Edessa,mart3Ted by Lysias in the reignof Trajan. Rom. Mart., Gk.Men.

St. Bartholomew theApostle

c. 50 (Aug. 24). Holding a knifeand a flayed human skin. {XIV.cent. window, Grappenhall,Cheshire.) Flaying knife in

hand. {XV. cent, window,

Saints and their EmblemsWintringfiam.) Knife and book.{Window, N. Tuddenham)Knife in hand, trampling ondevil. {Fhs. Sanct.) HealingArmenian princess. {Notre Dame,Paris.) Boimd to a pillar.

{Gates of San Paolo.) Scroll with" Credo in Spiritum Sanctum."{Window, Fairford.) Rom. Mart.

St. BartholomewH. 1182 (June 24). A monk of

Durham who Uved for forty-two

years on the Island of Fame.Wilson.

St. BartholomewAb. looi (Nov. II.) Support-ing a pillar, the rope for erect-

ing it being broken. {Cahier.)

St. BarypsabasH. N.D. (Sept. 10). Legends saythat he carried a Holy Rehc (a

bowl, containing the Blood of

Christ), to Sancreon in Catarra.

Gk. Men.

St. Basil of AmaseaB.M. c. 322 (Apr. 26). Executed

for having saved a Christian

maiden from the EmperorLicinius. Rom. and Copt. Marts.,

Gk. Men.

St. Basil of AmcyraM. 363 (Mar. 22). Tom by alioness. {Chris. Kunstsymb)Lioness by his side. {Ikon.)

Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Basil the GreatAbp. CD. 379 (June 14).

Church in hand. {Cahier.) Doveperched on arm, a hand giving

him a pen. {Callot.) Before afire. {Attrib. der Heil.) Columnof fire, dove at his head. {Old

engraving.) Giving food to a poor

man. {Cah^ier.) St. Mercvuius

appearing to him holding alance. {Cahier.) Mod. Rom.Mart., Ado, Usuardus.

St. Basil the Lessc. 952 (Mar. 26). Brought to

land by dolphins. {Cahier.)

SS. Basil and Emmelia,of Cappadocia

c. 350 (May 30). Parents of SS.

Basil the Great and Gregory

Uyssen.

SS. Basilides andCompanionsMM. c. 296 (June 12). Soldiers

decapitated at Rome for refus-

ing to persecute the Christians.

Rom. Mart., Bede, Usuardus,

Ado.

St. BasilidesM. Companion of St. Plutarch

(June 28) q.v. Butler.

St. Basiliscus of PontusM. c. 312 (Mar. 3). Bishop of

Comana, decapitated at Nico-

media, with others, by the tyrant

Maximinus Daia. Palladius,

Sozomen.

SS. Basilissa andAnastasiaMM. c. 66 (Apr. 15). Burjmigmartyrs. {Callot.) Feet, handsand head cut off. {Gueffier.)


St. Basilissa ofNicomediaV.M. c. 309 (Sept. 3). A child,

exposed to the Uons in the arena,

who would not molest her. SheWas then taken outside the city

and executed. Rom. Mart., Gk.Men.

St. BasilissaM. Companion of St. Julian

(Jan. 9), q.v.

St. Basilla of RomeV.M. 3rd cent. (May 20). Mar-tjnred on the Salarian Way, herrelics were discovered in 1654,at the catacomb of St. Cjriacus.

Rom. Mart., Usuardus, Ado,Notker,

St. BasinusB. c. 672 (Mar. 4). Abbot of St,

Maximin and Bishop of Treves.

He was a friend of St. Willibrod;

Treven, Colgan, Molandus.

SS. Bassa of Larissaand CompanionsMM. c. 304 (Aug. 21). Wife of apagan priest, she was martyredwith her three young sons, in

whom she had instilled the

Christian faith. Gk. Men., Rom.Mart.

St. BassianB.C. c. 413 (Jan. 19). A hindwith her two fawns near him.{Cahier.) Raising a child to life.

{Cahier.) Rom. Mart.

St. BathildQ. (Jan. 26 and 30). Before altar

of B.V.M., two angels supporting

a child on ladder. {Burgmaier.)

Child with cross appearing to

her. {Blaise) Broom in her

hand. {Cahier.) Ladder, angels

on it inviting her to heaven.

{Cahier.) Church in hand.

\Cahier.) Producing a fountain

with her wand. {Cahier) Rom.Mart.

SS. Bathus, P., andYerca, and CompanionsMM. c. 3^0 (Mar. 26). A priest

and his wife who, with their four

children and some others, wereburned in their church by the

Goths. Their relics were con-

veyed into Rumania. Gk.

Men.

St. Bavo of GhentH. c. 654 (Oct. i). Presenting

himself to St. Amand while

giving alms. {National Gallery,

Rubens) Sword and sceptre,

hooded hawk near him. {De

Levens der Heyl) In a hollow

17

tree. {Cahier) Great stone

in his arms. {Ikon) With asmall wagon. {Chris. Kunst-symb) Healing a man run overby a wagon. {Burgmaier) Withstaff and glove. {Dalmatic,

Ghent Cathedral) Church in

hand. {Cahier) Falcon on his

hand. {Statue, Ghent Cathedral)

Rom., Gall., Belg., York, Sarumand Hereford Marts., Mabillon)

St. BayaV. Companion of St. Maura(Nov. 2), q.v.

St. Bazas. SeeSt. Zabdas

(Feb. 19).

St. Bean of LeinsterB. c. 1012 (Dec. 16.) AppointedBishop of Mortlach by PopeBenedict VIII. Rom and Celt.

Marts., Dempster, Colgan.

St. Bearaidhe. SeeSt. Wiro(May 8).

St. BeataM. Sister of St. Sanctianus

(Sept 6). q.v.

SS. Beatrix, Y., andCompanionsMM. c. 303 (July 29.) Cordsin left hand, candle in right.

{MS. Horae) Strangled with arope. {Callot) A rope in herhand. {Ikon) Finding the twobodies of her martjTred brothers,

SS. Simplicius and Faustinus.

{Cahier) Butler, Ado, Usuardus,Notker, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Beatus of ThunH. 7th cent. (May 9). Legendsstate that he went to Switzer-

land from Britain with SS.

Columbanus and Gall, and Uvedin a cave on the Lake of Thun.Ger. Mart.

St. BecanAb. (Apr. 5). Son of Murchadeand Cula, of Mimster, contem-porary with St. Columbkille.

In the Life of St. Molossus he is

named among the twelve apostles

of Ireland. Colgan.

St. Beccelin. SeeSt. Bertelin

(Sept. 9).

The Yenerable BedeC. c. 734 (May 27). Holding upa pitcher ; Hght from heaven.

{Old engraving) As a moiik,

holding pen, inkhom and book.

(Window, Tiverton) In darkblue habit, holding a book.

{Window, Durham Cathedral)

St. Bede of GavelloMk. 883 (Apr. 10). He refused

a bishopric, and died at GaveUo,his body being afterwards trans-

lated to St. Benignus, Genoa.

Gavello.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Bega, or Bees, ofCumberland

V. c. 680 (Sept. 6 and Nov. i).

She founded monasteries at

Copeland, Heorthu and Hartle-

pool. Aher., Wilson, Dempster.

St. Beggha or BeggaW. Abs. c. 650 (Dec. 17). Asabbess, crowned, holding amonastery. {Chorographia SanctaBrabantice.) Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. Belina of Landre-ville

V.M. 1153 (Feb. 19). A peasantgirl, stabbed to death by a noblewhilst protecting her chastity.

St. BellinusB.M. 1149 (Nov. 26). SucceededSinibald in the see of Padua,and was assassinated by hire-

lings of a noble who had beenforced by the Bishop to paytithes. Rom. Mart., Ferrata.

St, Benedict of MonteCassinoAb. 543 (Mar. 21). Devil eachside of him, one pierced by his

crosier. {Roodscreen, St. Andrew,Burlingham.) Cup on book.

(Arbor Past.) Cup breaking,

liquor spUt. {Columnae milit.

Eccl.) Cup with serpents onbook. [Lib. Cronicarum.) Ravenat his feet, cross in his hand.{Tab. de la Croix.) Raven withloaf in beak. [ColumncB milit.

Eccl.) RoUing in thorns. [Cat.

Sanct.) Raven on stick in

his hand. {Window, Gouda Ch.)

With a pitcher. {Chris. Kunst-symb.) With a baU of fire.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Bell brokenby devil. {Cahier.) Book in left

hand, bundle of rods in right.

{A. de Fiesoli.) Cross in hand,

raven at side. {St. Benedict's

medal.) Presenting his heart to

B.V.M. {Palais de Com., Lyons.)

Asperges brush. {Perugino.) Sieve

at feet. {Crosier, E. Bergholt.)

A broken sieve. {A. W. Zingaro,

Naples.) Rom. and Bene. Marts..

Gk. Men., Bede, St. Gregory II.

St. Benedict of AnianAb. 821 (Feb, 12). Giving the

habit to St. William of Aquitaine.

{Acad. Bologna, Guercino.) Rom.Mart.

St. Benedict Biscop of

CanterburyAb. 690 (Jan. 12). In episcopal

vestments, holding crosier andopen book. {XV. cent, window,

Wintringham.) Standing byRiver Tjme, two monasteries in

sight. {Print by Hollar.) William

of Malmesbury, Bede, Montalam-bert.

Bl. Benedict, JosephLabre '

C. 1783 (Apr. 16). Beggar shar-

ing aims with other poor.

{Cahier.)

St. Benedict of

HungaryM. 9th cent. Eagle hovering

over his body, thrown into the

River Waag. {Cahier.) Husenbeth.

Bl. Benedict ofPalermoC. 1589 (Apr. 3). Negro in

Franciscan habit, in his handan inflamed heart. {Old engrav-

ing.)

St. Benedict II.Po. 685 (May 7.) A Roman bybirth, he succeeded Pope Leo II.,

was crowned, 684, and reigned

nine months. Rom. Mart.

St. Benedict XI.Po. 1304 (July 7). Bom at

Treviso, 1240, succeeding Boni-

face VIII. in 1303, he pacified

Denmark and reconciled Venice

and Padua. Reigning only

eight months, he died at

Perugia.

St. Benet, or Benezet,of Avignon

C. 1184 (Apr. 14). Builder of

the famous bridge across the

Rhone at Avignon, upon whichhe was sepultured. Bollandus,

Papbroke.

St. Benignus ofArmaghAbp. 468 (Nov. 9.) Abbot of

DrumUas, and disciple of St.

Patrick, whom he succeeded in

the see of Armagh. Celt. Mart.,

Colgan, Ware.

St. Benignus of DijonM. c. 180 (Nov. i). Idol before

him fallen and broken. {Calbt.)

Holding a key. {Coin of his

Abbey, Piedmont.) Dogs by his

side. {Ikon.) Cross saltire be-

hind him. {Cahier.) Rom., Ger.

and Gall. Marts., Usuardus,Bede.

St. Benignus of RomeM. (Apr. 3). In armour onhorseback with banner. {Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. BenignusDn. Companion of St. Vincent

(June 6), q.v.

St. BenjaminDn. M. c. 450 (Mar. 31). Trans-fixed with stake. {Callot.) Gk.Men., Mod. Rom. Mart., Theo-

doret.

St. Bennet. SeeSt. Benedict Biscop

(Jan. 12).

St. BennoB.C. 1106 (June 16). With twokeys, fish hanging to them, sup-

ported by an angd. {Bavaria

Pia.) Fish on a hook and twokeys. {Bilder Legende.) Fish,

with church key in mouth.{Attrib. der Heil) Fish, with

18

key tied round its neck, his eyes

picked out. (Cahier.) Rom. and

Bene. Marts.

St. BerachAb. c. 615 (Feb. 15). Baptized

by St. Froeck, founded monas-

tery of Clon-Cairpthe ia Ireland.

Celt. Kal.

St. BerchariusAb. M. 685 (Oct. 16). A barrel

near him. (Cahier.) Gall, and

Bene. Marts.

St. BereniceM. Companion of St. Domrina(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. BerlindaV. (Feb. 3). A cow near her.

(Cahier, Meerbeeke Ch.) Molanus,Usuardus, Wyon.

St. Bernard of

ClairvauxAb. 1153 (Aug. 20). White dogat his feet. {Window, Cossey

Hall.) White dog with red back.

(Attrib. der Heil.) B.V.M. andInfant appearing to him. (Der

Heyl. Leb.) Three mitres on abook. (Garofalo.) With devil

on chain, white dog at foot.

(Isab. Brev., Brit. Mus.) B.V.M.with Infant appearing to himand giving him milk from her

breast. (Primer 1516 and Stained

Glass.) With a beehive, and"Doctor Mellifluus." (Dresden

Gallery.) Writing, angel holding

his crosier. (A. Mochetti.)

KneeUng, receiving Christ fromthe Cross in his arms. (Window,Vincent Collection.)

St. Bernard of MenthonC. 1008 (June 15). Escaping bya window from his father's

mansion. (Cahier.) Binding evil

spirit. (F. Baromaeus.) Prisoner

in castle, delivered by St.

Nicholas. (Cahier.) Rom. Mart.

St. Bernard of TironioC. 1109 (Mar. 12). Turner'slathe and tools. (Ikon.) A woldbringing him a strayed sheep.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Asleep, mslight falling from his hand.(Cahier.)

St. Bernard de Alzira,

and CompanionsMM. c. 1180 (Aug. 21). Son of

a Moorish prince, baptized byAbbot GrimaJd, near Lerida,

decapitated with his two sisters

in a wood by Moors. Span, andCist. Marts.

Bl. Bernard PtolemyC. 1348 (Aug. 21). As abbot withcrosier, in the curve of which ai«

two olive branches rising out of

three mounds, surmounted by a

cross. (Cahier.) Holding three

mounds surmounted by a banner,with figure rising from a crown.

(Raphael) Holding three mounds

Saints and their Emblemssurmounted by cross banner.{Siena Sch., Vatican.) Vision ofmonks led up ladder by aagels.

(Colum. milit. Eccl.)

St. Bernardin of SiennaC. d. 1444 (May 20). Holdingradiant I H S. in right hand,open book in left wifii "Patermanifestari nomentuum homini-bus " ; three mitres at foot.

{National Gallery, A. Bonvicino.)

Holding a banner with I H Sradiant. (P. Laurati, GoldenLegende, Caxton, Cat. Sand.,Lib. Chron.) B.V.M. appearingto him over the gate of a prison.

{Callot.) Book in right hand,three mitres at feet, radiant IH Sin left hand. (Flemish window.)

Bl. Berno920 (Jan. 13). Abbot of Climy.Baring-Gould.

St. BernulfM. c. 850 (Mar. 24). Bishop ofAste.

St. BernwardB. c. 1022 (Nov. 20 and Oct. 26).

Church in hand. {Cahier.)

Church in hand. (Crosier,

Hildesheim Cath.) Short cross in

his hand. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Hammer, making a chalice.

Making a jewelled cross, angel

finishing it for him. (Passionael.)

Rom. Mart., Suvius.

St. Beronike. SeeSt. Veronica

(July 12).

St. BertelinH. c. 750 (Sept. 9). Disciple of

St. Guthlac, hved in the forest

near Stafford and was buried in

Croyland Abbey. Wyon, Men-ardus, Wilson, Capgrave.

St. BerthaW. Abs. c. 725 (July 4). Kneel-

ing with daughter at altar.

(Gueffler.) Church in hand.

(Cahier.) St. Peter directing her

where to find water for her

monastery. (Cahier.) Gall, andBelg. Marts.

St. BerthaV.M. 7th cent. (May i). Abbessof Avenay, in the diocese of

Chalons-sur-Mame.

Bl. BerthaMother of St. Rupert (May 15),

q.v.

St. Bertham of Orkneyc. 839 (Apr. 6). Bishop of Kirk-

Wall. Baring-Gould.

St. BertholdAb. c. 1142 (July 27). Fishes

coming to him. (Bavaria Pia.)

Angel with fish on a plate.

(Acta Sanct.) Carrying fish and

bread. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. BertiliaW. 687 (Jan. 3.) ,

She btiilt the

great church at Marolles, in

which she was buried. Belg.

and Gall. Marts., MS. at Marolles

St. BertiliaAbs. c. 706 (Nov. 5). Appointedfirst abbess of Chdles by QueenBathild. Rom. Gall., Bene.Marts.

St. Bertinus of St. OmerAb. c. 709 (Sept. 5). A boat inhis hands. (Cahier.) Rom., Bene.,

Gall., Sarum, York and HerefordMarts.

St. BertoaraV. c. 689 Pec. 12). Of nobleparents, she founded a monas-tery at Bourges, under the ruleof St. Columbanus, where shedied. Gall Mart.

St. BertranB. c. 623 (July 3). Appointedarchdeacon by St. Germain,afterwards succeeding Balde-gisU in the see of Mans. Pape-broke, Baillet, Gregory of Tours.

St. Bertrand ofComminges

B. c. 1123 (Oct. 16). Trained in

the Abbey of Escale Dieu, hebecame a soldier, but returnedto a religious life, becomingCanon of Toulouse and Bishopof Comminges. Gall. Mart.

St. BertuinB.C. c. 650 (Nov. 11). Fivechurches near him. (Cahier.)

St. BertulfAb. c. 700 (Feb. 5). Changingwater into wine. (Ikon). Shipin hand. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Eagle sheltering him from rain.

(Christ. Kunstsymb.) Givingalms. (Cahier.) Usuardus, Bede.

St. BesasM. A Roman soldier and com-panion of St. Julian (Feb. 27), q.v.

St. Bettelin. SeeSt. Bertelin

(Sept. 9).

St. BeunoAb. C. c. 650. (Apr. 21). Anative of Powys, he foundedmonasteries in Anglesey and at

Cljmnoc in Caernarvon, where hewas buried.

St. Beuve. See

St. Bova(Apr. 24).

St. BeztertB.M. 1046 (n.d.) a sword andstones. (Cahier.)

St. Biagio. See

St. Blaise(Feb. 3.)

St. BibianaV.M. 363 pec. 2). Dagger andpalm. (St. Bibiana, Rome.)

Branch in her hand. (Cahier.)

Bound to a pillar, scourged. (P.

da Cortona, St. Bibiana, Rome.)

Rom. Mart., Ado, Nother.

19

St. Bilfred or BillfrithH. A goldsmith, companion of

St. Balther (Mar. 6 and Feb. 19),

St. BilhildW. Abs. c. 716 (Nov. 27).

Church in hand. (Cahier.) Ger.,

Gall, and Bene. Marts.

St. Binen. SeeSt. Benignus

(Nov. 9).

St. BirinusB.C. c. 654 pec. 3). HoldingchaUce, flagon and sacred wafer.

(Xll.^cent. window, Dorchester

Abbey] Oxford.) Walking on sea,

carrying Blessed Sacrament.(Callot.) Giving sight to thebUnd. (Icon. Sanct.) Rom. andHereford Marts., Bede Hi. 7,

Wend., F. Wore, H. Hants.

St. BlaiseB.M. c. 316 (Feb. 3). Wool-combin hand, (Coins of Ragusa. Win-dow, Christ Ch. Cath., Oxford.)

Extracting thorn from child's

throat. (Frecso, St. Clement,

Rome.) Two wool-cards by his

side. (Arbor Past.) Torch in

hand. (Lib. Chron., Primer, 1516.)

Crosier and taper. (Bonn. Cath.)

Tom with iron combs, pinioned

with rope. (XVI. cent, window,Montmorency.) Chorister holding

a taper by him. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Blessing wild beasts. (Cahier.)

Bird bringing him food. (Callot.)

Boar's head brought him in

prison. (Das Passional.) Dis-

covered hy hunters in cave.

(Gueffier.) In cave, faWn by him.(Blaise.) Two wool-combs anda book. (XV. cent, window,Payhembury, Devon.) A wool-comb, wearing mitred tiara.

(XV. cent, window, Ludlow,Salop.) Rom. Mart.

St. Blaitamac andCompanionsMM. 793 (Jan. 19). An abbotin Scotland who, refusing to be-

tray the treasures of his church,

was, together with all his monks,put to death by Danish pirates.

Walfridus Strabo, Canisius

Antig. Led., etc.

St. BlandaM. Companion of St. Calepodius.

(May 10), q.v.

St. BlandinaV.M. 177. Companion of St.

Pothinus (June 2), q.v. Tied to

pillar, hon and bear. (Callot.)

Ox near her (Attrib. der Heil.)

Tossed by bull in amphitheatre,(Old engraving.)

St. BlaneB. c. 580 (Aug. 10). A pupil, in

Ireland, of SS. Comgall andKenneth, he returned to Scot-

land in a boat without oars andafterwards became Bishop of

Bute. Colgan, Leland.

Saints and their EmblemsSt, Blazey or Blazius.

Bee St. Blaise(Feb. 3).

St. Bleiddan. SeeSt. Lupus

(July 29).

St. BlidaN.D. Mother of St. Walstan.Crowned, holding book andpalm. {Roodscreen, St. James,Norwich.)

St. BodagislC. 588 (Dec. 18). Husband of

St. Oda and fatherof St.Amoald,he built the monastery of St.

Martin aux Chenes. G. Tours,

via. 22.

St. BoisilC. d. 664. (Feb. 23). Prior of

Melrose and teacher of St.

Cuthbert, his remains were trans-

lated to Durham.

St. BolcanAb. N.D. (July 4). A disciple of

St. Patrick and Abbot of

Kilmore, where he was buried.

Colgan.

St. Bolcan. SeeSt. Olcan

(Feb. 20).

St. Bolio of ProvenceC. 985 (May 22). A soldier andprotector of his country against

the Moors. Acta Sand.

St. BoloniaV.M. c. 362 (Oct. 16). Amaidenof ExpiUy, Haute Mame, tor-

tured and put to death by anofficer of Julian the Apostate.

Gall. Mart.

St. Bon. SeeSt. Bonitus

(Jan. 15.)

St. Bona or BovaV. O.M.C. 1207 (May 29 andApr. 24). Short double-barred

cross in her joined hands.

(Atirib. der Heil.)

St. BonaventuraB.CD. 1274 (July 14). Kneelingbefore radiant crucifix (Hue-

berus.) As bishop holding

cardinal's hat. (Louvre, P. de C.

Roselli.) As friar, cardinal's hat

near him. (Solitaire.) As Fran-ciscan friar, holding pyx.

(Spagna.) Blessed Sacramentover his head. (Crivella.) Re-ceiving the Holy Eucharist fromangel. (Callot.) Receiving rosary

from B.V.M. (Cahier.) Rom.and Frans. Marts.

Bl. BonavittaC. 1375 (Mar. i). A blacksmithof Lugo in Italy. Baring-Gould.

St. BondPen. c. 620 (Oct. 29). Havingunintentionally caused the

death of his parents, he pro-

ceeded to Sens, where St. Arte-

mius gave him his staff, withinstructions to plant and waterit daily. "When this dry staff

shall put forth buds and flowers,

then shall thy sin be forgiven

thee." Gall. Mart.

St. Bonet. See

St. Bonitus(Jan. 15).

St. Boniface of Italy6th cent. (May 14). Bishop of

Ferento.

St. Boniface of

LausanneB. 1265 (Feb. 19). Son of a gold-

smith at Cantersteen, trained

in the Cistercian monastery of

Cambre, near Brussels, he after-

wards taught at Paris andCologne before his consecration

as Bishop of Lausanne. Molanus.

St. Boniface of MainzM. Abp. 755 (June 5). Inpontificals, with pallium andcrosier, three kings before him,placing crowns on two of them(Mayence Oath.) Book pierced

with sword. (Coins of Abbey of

Fulda, Arbor Past.) With ascourge. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Hand reaching him a cross.

(Burgmaier.) Beaten to deathwith a club. (Der Heyl. Leb.)

Sword on a book, striking waterout of ground with archiepis-

copal cross. (De Levens der

Heyl.) As bishop felling anoak. (Church, Munich.) Angelbringiag him a fish, behind luman axe laid at the foot of an oak.

(Old engraving.) Rom. Mart.,

Bede, Usuardus, Hrabanus, Ado.

St. Boniface QuiritineB. c. 650 (Mar. 14.) Said to

have been an Israelite descendedfrom St. Radia, sister of theApostles Peter and Andrew, hewas Bishop of Ross in Scotlandand founder of 150 churches,including that of St. Peter at

Rosmarkyn, in which he wasburied. Butler, Aber. Brev.,

D. Camerarius, H. Boece.

St. Boniface of RomeM. 290 (May 14). A servant to

Aglae, daughter of the pro-consul Acacius, he was torturedand decapitated, Rom. Mart.,Gk. Men.

St. Boniface I. of RomePo. C. 422 (Oct. 25). Successorto Zosimus in the Pontificate.

Mod. Rom. Mart., Butler, Bede,Baronius, etc.

St. Boniface lY.Po. C. 615 (May 25.) Dedicat-ing the Pantheon. (Cahier.)

Rom. Mart.

St. Boniface of RussiaM. Abp. 1009 (June 19). Walk-ing throughfireunhurt. (Cahier.)

20

St. Boniface of TarsusM. c. 307 (May 14). Reedsthrust under his nails. (Callot.)

In cauldron of boiling oil.

(Old engraving). Rom. Mart.,

Gk. Men., Butler.

St. Boniface, of Treves,

and CompanionsMM. c. 303 (Oct. 4). This

legend of martyrdom was prob-

ably founded on the discovery

of relics in 1071. A cross stands

before the church of St. Paulinus

on the site of the supposedmartyrdom, but the whole story

is probably apocryphal. Gall,

and Ger. late Marts.

St. BonifaceDn. M. Companion of St.

Liberatus (Aug. 17), q.v.

St. BoninsegnisC. Dominican, two-handed sawcleaving his head, palm in

hand. (Predella, A . da Fiesoli.)

St. Bonitus of ClermontB.C. d. 710 (Jan. 15). He wasChancellor to King Sigebert III.

of Austrasia, Governor of Pro-

vence, and succeeded hisbrother,

St. Avitus II., as Bishop of

Clermont in Auvergne. Butler,

Bollandus, le Cointe an 699.

SS. Bonosus andMaximilian, of AntiochMM. 363 (Aug. 21). St. Bonosusprajdng under a tree. (T'bosch.)

Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus.)

St. Boris. SeeSt. Romanus

(Sept. 5).

St. Bosa of North-umbria

B.C. 678 (Mar. 9). OntherecaUof St. Wilfred he was ordainedBishop of York by St. Theodoreof Canterbury in 678, retiring

in favour of his predecessor in

700, and again replacing him onhis second removal. Wilson,Bede.

St. Botulph, or Botolph,of Boston (Botulph'sTown)

Ab. 655 (June 17). Church or

monastery in hand. (Newcourt'sRep.) Seated, book in left hand,right raised ; bishop on either

side below, a church with star

and crescent above it. (Ch.

House, Westminster.) Butler,

Rom., Bene. andEng. Marts.

St. Botvid of SwedenM. HOC (July 28). Formtainwhere his blood falls. (Cahier.)

Swed. Mart.

SS. Bova and Doda, of

RheimsW. and Abbesses. 673 (Apr.

24). St. Bova, sister of St.

Saints and their EmblemsBaldine, was founder and first

abbess of the nunnery of theBlessed Virgin at Rheims. Shewas succeeded by her niece, St.

Dodo. Butler, Flodoard, Bol-

landists.

St. BradanB.C. 7th cent. (Oct. 20). Re-puted to be the deventh bishopof the Isle of Man, he has given

his name to Kirk Bradan, nearDouglas. Baring-Gould.

St. BraulioB.C. 646 (Mar. 26). Bishop of

Saragossa, and an intimatefriend of St. Isidore of Seville.

Butler, Rom. and SaragossaMarts.

St. Breacha, or Breague,of Hayle

V. 5th or 6th cent. (June 4).

A disciple of St. Patrick anda missionary from Ireland to

Cornwall, she landed at Reyverand lived as a recluse on theeast bank of the River Hayle.She is described as a companionof St. la (Oct. 27), q.v. Butler,

Ancient Exeter Mart., Borlaseand Leland.

St. Bregwin of Canter-bury

Abp. C. 762 (Aug. 26). AnAnglo - Saxon disciple of St.

Theodore, consecrated Arch-bishop of Canterbury on thedeath of Cuthbert. Wilson,

Menardus, Mayhew.

St. Brendan (the Elder)of ClonfertAb. 578 (May 16). Addressingmonks, with a branch in his

hand. (Passionel.) Butler, Celt.

Mart.

St. Brice of ToursB. 443 (Nov. 13). In crimsonrobe. {XV. cent, window,Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) Carrying

coals in vestments, infant onground near him. {Callot,

Gueffler.) Canying coals in cope,

archiepiscopal cross in hand.

{Window, Langley Hall,Norfolk.)

Delivered from prison by angdand St. Peter. {Cahier.) Fire

in his lap. {Weyen.) Burningcoals in his hand. {Husenbeth.)

Butler, Rom. and Gall. Marts.,

Fortunatus, Bede, St. Gregory of

Tours, Ado, Usuardus, etc.

St. Bridget of HollandO.P. N.D. Receiving the sacred

stigmas. {Lib. SS. Belgii O.P.,

Woodchester.)

St. Bridget, or Bride, of

KildareV. Abs. 523 (Feb. i). Holding

a cross and casting out a devil.

{Old engraving.) Flames over

her head. {Cahier.) Bam near

her. {Attrib der Heil.) Bunchof com in her hand. {Passionel.)

Branch in hand. {Cahier.)

Hanging her mantle on sun-

beam. {Cahier.) Laying herhand on altar. {Cahier.) Kned-ing, pan of milk in hands, cowat her side. {Cahier.) As abbess,

cow by her side. {Seal Coll. Ch.,

Abernethy.) Restoring a man'shand cut off. {Burgmaier.)

Butler, Bollandists, etc.

St. Bridget of SwedenW. 1373 (Oct. 8). Cross, capand wallet. {Lib. Cronicarum.)Pilgrim's staff and bottle. {ArborPast.) Crowned, crosier, bookand chain in hands. {Roodscreen,

Westhall.) Taper dropping waxon her hand. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Holding a heart marked withcross. {Cahier.) Our Saviourappearing to her with symbolsof Passion. {Primer 1516.)

Red Jerasalem crucifix in herhand. {Attrib. der Heil.) Kneel-ing before a crucifix and devUflying off. {Callot.) Crowned,dove over her head, open bookbefore her. {Oratorium Finstead,

Roodscreen, Kenn.) Crownedfigure appearing to her. {Husen-beth.) Rom. Mart., Heylot.

St. BridgetV.M. Companion of St. Maura(July 13), q.v.

St. Brieuc or Brieruc.

See St. Brioch(May i).

St. BrinstanB. 934 (Nov. 4). Successor toTrithestan as Bishop of Win-chester. Wm. of Malmesbury,Godwin.

St. Brioch, or Brio-

machus, of BrittanyB.C. c. 502 (May i). Fierypillar above him. {Chris. Kunst-symb.) Carrying three purses.

{Cahier.) Treading on dragon.

{Window, St. Serge Angers.)

Butler, Baring-Gould, Lobineau.

St. Brithwald ofWessexc. 1045. Described as " Bishopof Wilton."

St. Britwald of Canter-buryAbp. 731 (Jan. 9). Abbot of

Glastonbury, he resigned andcame to the little monastery of

Reculver in Thanet, whence hewas consecrated Archbishop in

693. Butler, Bede, Wm. of

Malmesbury, Roger of Hoveden,Matthew of Westminster.

St. BritwinAb. 733 (May 15). Abbot of

Beverley, he received and enter-

tained till his death St. Johnof Beverley after his retirement

from the bishopric of York.Wilson, Mayhew, Menardus,

John of Tynemouth.

21

St. Bronacha, orBronanna, of Ireland

V. Abs. N.D. (Apr. 2). Abbessof KUl-sechis, she became titular

saint of the parish of Kill

Bruncha (Dromore). Butler,

Colgan.

SS. Brothen andGwendoline, of Wales

7th cent. (Oct. 18 or 15). St.

Brothen is said to be the founderof Llanfrothen. Two churchesare dedicated to St. Gwendoline,Llanwydddan (Montgomery-shire) and Dolwyddelan (Car-

narvonshire). Her festival is

sometimes given as Aug. 22.

Nothing is known of their lives.

The Memorial of Ancient British

Piety (London, 1761).

St. Bruno of CologneC. iioi (Oct. 6). Seated, withmitre and crosier at his feet

and an olive branch in his hand.{Old Flemish stained glass

panel.*) Crucifix with leaves

and flowers at the ends. {Tab.

de la Croix.) Crucifix before

him, scroU with "0 bonitas"

issuing from his mouth. {Baring-

Gould.) Cross fohated withoHve leaves. {Ibid.) Crucifix

on a palm branch. {Choro.

Sacra Brabantice.) Crucifix,

foUage springing from it. {Col.

mint. Eccl.) Star on his breast,

crucifix in his hand, globe underhis feet. {Attrib. der Heil:)

ChaHce and Host in his hand.{Cahier.) Rom. and CarthusianMarts.

St. Bruno of Grermany1155 (May 17). A bishop of

Wiirzburg.

St. Bruno of Piedmontc. II22 (July 18). Was nomi-ated Bishop of Segni by PopeGregory VII. Butler, Mabillon,Marchesi, Solier.

St. Bruno, of Prague,and CompanionsMM. 1008 (Feb. 14). A monkof Magdeburg and kinsman to

Ditmar, Bishop of Prague, hesucceeded St. Adalbert as

missionary to the Lithuanians,

who cut off his hands and feet

and murdered his eighteen com-panions. Rom. Mart.

St. Bruno of the RhineAbp. 965 (Oct. 11). Archbishopof Cologne.

St. Bruno. SeeSt. Boniface

(June 19).

St. Brynjolf, or Brynoth,of Sweden

1317 (Feb. 6 or May 9). Son of

iUgoth Folctmg, he was twenty-third Bishop of Skara. Butler,

Benzelius, Messenius.

* See Frontispiece.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Bucolus of AsiaMinor

c. 100 (Feb. 6). Bishop of

Smsnma.

St. Budoc of BrittanyB. 7th cent. (Nov. 19 andDec. 9). Reputed to be a son of

Azenor, Countess of Goelo, andto have been at one time Abbotof Youghal. He was probablya recluse at Porspoder or Plowin(Leon) before he became Bishopof Dol. Gall. Mart.

St. Burchard ofWiirzburg

B.C. 754 (Oct. 14). Sacred Hostin hand. (Ikon.) Episcopal

, vestments. (Antechap., Mag.Coll., Oxon.) Butler, Rom. and

^Ger. Marts.

St. Burgundofara. SeeSt. Fara

Pec. 7.)

St. Burian, or Buriana,of Cornwall

V. (June 4). Of Irish birth, shewas probably a companion of

St. la (Oct. 27), q.v. KingAthelstan built a church andcollege in her honour at or nearthe Land's End. Butler, Borlase,

the Rev. J. Adams, in No. 14 of

the Journal of the Royal Institu-

tion of Cornwall, 1873.

St. BuridasCh. M. Companion of St.

Romanus (Nov. 18), q.v.

St. Buryan. SeeSt. Burian

(June 4).

St. Cadfarch of WalesC. c. 550 (Oct. 24). Son of

Caradoc Vreichvras and brotherof SS. Thangwn and Maehtlu, heis said to have studied under St.

Iltutus, and to have foundedchurches at Penegos andAbererch. Baring-Gould.

St. Cadoc, or Cadocus,of WalesAb. c. 540 (Jan. 24). A son of

St. Gundleus, of Wales, andhis wife Gladusa, he studied

under St. Tathai at Gwent,afterwards founding the mon-asteries of Llancarvan and Llan-

iltut. Butler, Usher, Capgrave,

Chatelain.

St. Cadroe or CadoreAb. c. 975 (Mar. 6). Of Scots

birth, son of the Laird of Foker-strach, he took the monastichabit of St. Bennets (Loire),

afterwards reforming the mon-astery of St. Clement at Metz.

Butler, Heuschenius, Mabillon,

Calmet.

St. Caecilius ofCarthage

C. 211 (Junes). Of pagan birth,

he was converted at Rome,

afterwards himself converting

St. Cyprian. Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Caecilius, of Spain,

and CompanionsMM. ist cent. (Feb. i). St.

Caecilius was Bishop of Elvira.

St. CaeciliusB. (Feb. i). Companion of St.

Torquatus (May 15), q.v.

St. Caesaria of Ariesv. c. 530 (Jan. 12). She wasSuperior of a convent erected

by her brother, St. Caesarius,

at Aries, battered down byTheodoric. Baring-Gould.

St. Caesarius of AriesB. 542 (Aug. 27). Hid in a cave,

angels extinguishing flames in

a burning city. {Icon. Sanct.)

Met by people with tapers.

(Callot, Gueffier.) As a child,

giving his clothes to the poor.

(Weyen.) Rom. and Gall. Maris.

St. Caesarius ofBithynia

C. 369 (Feb. 25). Physician toJiilian the Apostate and brotherof St. Gregory Nazianzen.Butler, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.

SS. Caesarius, Dn., andJulian, P., of TerracinaMM. c. 300 (Nov. i). Throwninto the sea in a sack during theDiocletian persecution. Butler,

Rom. Mart., Bede, Ado, Nother,

Fronto le Due Sacramentary of

St. Gregory.

St. CaesariusM. Companion of St. Victor(Apr. 20), q.v.

St. Caesidius of theAbruzzi

P.M. 310 (Aug. 31). Martyredat Transaqui.

St. Cagnoald, or Cagnov,of Laon

B. c. 635 (Sept. 6). Son of

Agneric, Count of Meaux, andbrother to SS. Faro and Fara,with whom he was converted bySt. Columbanus, and succeededRichebert, Bishop of Laon.Gall., Bene, and Paris Marts.

St. Cainec. SeeSt. Kenny

(Oct. II).

St. CaiusPo. 296 (Apr. 22). He suc-ceeded St. Eutychian in the

Eapal chair, and encouraged St.

ebastian and other contem-porary martyrs. His ownsufferings during two years ofpersecution obtamed for him thetitle of martyr, though it doesnot appear that he suffered aviolent death. Butler.

St. Caius of Lombardyc. 85 (Sept. 27). Bishop ofMUan.

22

SS. Caius andAlexanderMM. c. 171 (Mar. 10). Men-tioned by Eusebius {lib. v.,

c. 16) as being Eumenians bybirth, and as suffering at

Apamoea. Rom. Mart., Ado,

Notker.

SS. Caius and Cre-

mentius, of SaragossaCC. MM. 304 (Apr. 16). Mar-tyred under Dacian in the Dio-

cletian persecution with SS.

Optatus and Eucratia (Apr. 16),

q.v. Notker, Rom., Spn. amPortuguese Marts.

SS. Caius, Palatine, ofRome, and Com-panionsMM. (Mar. 4). St. Caius, anofficer of the Palace, was mar-tyred by drowning. St. Pala-

tme and twenty - six fellow-

soldiers suffered with him.Bede, Usuardus, Ado, Notker,

Rom. Mart.

St. CaiusM. Companion of St. AmpHus(Oct. 31), q.v.

St. CaiusCompanion of St. Crispus (Oct.

4), q.v.

St. CaiusCompanion of Dionysius of

Athens (Oct. 3), q.v.

St. CaiusM. Companion of St. Expeditus(Apr. 19), q.v.

St. Caj'etan of ThiennaC. 1547 (Aug. 7). Lily in hand.{Ikon.) Opening his breast, in-

flamed and winged heart appear-ing to him. {Col. milit. Eccl.)

Infant Jesus placed in his armsby B.V.M. {Cahier.) Butler,

Rom. Mart.

St. Calais, or Carilephus,of MaineAb. 542 (July 1). As a monk,digging the ground, his cloakhanging on a tree. {Statuary,

Chartres Cath.) Butler, Mabillon.

St. Calepodius ofRomeM. 222 (May 10). Thrown inthe Tiber. {Old engraving.)

Rom. Mart.

St. Calimerus ofLombardyB.M. 2nd cent. (July 31).Bishop of Milan.

St. Callinice. SeeSt. Aquilina

(July 24).

St. CallinicusM. Companion of St. Thyrsus(Jan. 28). q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Calliopa or Calliope

M. 2nd cent. (June 8). Hotiron applied to her breast.

{Callot.) Mod. Rom. Mart.,

Gk. Men.

St. Calliopus of CiciliaM. 304 (Apr. 7). Cracifiedhead

downwards. {Cahier.) Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Calliotus, See

St. Callixtus(Oct. 14).

St. CallistheneV. (Oct. 4). Daughter and com-panion of St. Adauctus, q.v.,

she escaped from MaximinianEersecution disguised as a boy.

he recovered the body of herfather and built a church over it

at Ephesus. Gk. Mencsa andMenology.

St. Callistratus of

ByzantiumM. c. 304 (Sept. 26). Supportedby two dolphins in the sea.

{Callot.) Rom. Mart.

St. Callixtus of RomeP.M. 222 (Oct. 14). Red robe,

with tiara, {Window, Wiggen-hall, Norfolk.) Thrown into awell. {Statuary, Chartres Cath.)

Thrown into a well with a mill-

stone round neck. {Passionel.)

Spring of water near. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Mfllstone tied to his

neck. {Weyen.) Blessing achurch. {Cahier.) Butler, Bede,

Ado, Usuardus, Papebroke, Tille-

mart, etc.

St. Calocerus of Emilia2nd cent. (Feb. 10). Bishop of

Raveima.

St. Calupan, orCalupanus, of ClermontH. 576 (Mar. 3). In a cave with

animals. {Cahier.)

St, CamerinusCh.M. Companion of St.

Luxorius (Aug. 21), q.v.

St. Camilla of AuxerreV. 437 (Mar. 3). A recluse at,

or near, Ecoulives.

St. Camillus of LellisC. 1614 (July 14). Ministering

to the sick. (Colum. milit. Eccl.)

Christ receiving his soul.

{Cahier.) Christ from the cross

embracing him with one arm.

{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Mart.,

A Life by Cicatello.

St. CamionB.C. 5th cent, (n.d.) Concealed

by cobwebs. {Italia Sacra.)

St. Cammin, or Camnun,of IrelandAb. c. 653 (Mar. 25). Great

fire near him. {Cahier.) Butler,

Usher,

St. Candida or WhyteM. 4th cent. (Sept. 20). Scourgedat a stake. {Callot.)

St. Candida of RomeM. 3rd cent. Companion of St.

PauUna (Jtme 6), q.v.

St. Canicus. See

St. Kenny(Oct. II).

St. Cantiana or

CantianillaM. Sister and companion of St.

Cantius (May 31), q.v.

St. CantianusM. Mother and companion of

St. Cantius (May 31), q.v.

SS. Cantius and Com-panions, of RomeMM. c. 290 (May 31). Of noblebirth, and grandchildren of theEmperor Carus, they fled to

AquUeia from the Diocletian

persecution but were capturedat Aquae Gradatal (since called

San Cantiano), and decapitated.


St. Jerome, Ado, Hrabanus,Notker, Usuardus, etc.

St, Canute, Protomartyrof DenmarkK.M. 1086 (Jan. 19). Dagger,lance and arrow. {Ikon.) Kneel-ing before altar. {Husenbeth.)

Life by Allnoth of Canterbury,

A.D. 1105, Butler, Rom. Mart.,

etc.

St. Canute, Lavard ofSchleswigM. 1130 (Jan. 7). Hewas secondson of Eric the Good, King of

Denmark, and succeeded Henry,King of the Sclaves. He wasmurdered by Me^us, his

nephew, and canonised, 1171.Butler, Schleswig and Scandi-

navian Breviaries.

St. Caprais, or Cap-rasius, of LerinsAb. c. 430 (Jime i). An angel

announcing his approachingdeath. {Cahier.)

St. Caprasius of AgenM. c. 286 (Oct. 20). As a youthhe was a witness of the martyr-dom of St. Faith and was con-

verted by her heroism. He wasexecuted by the sword with twocompanions, Primus andFelician(June 9), q.v. Rom. and Gall.

Marts., Ado, Usuardus, etc.

St. Caradoc of WalesH. 1124 (Apr. 13). In chain

mail, church in one hand, spear

in other, coronet over his hoodof mail. {Dugdale, AshmoleanMuseum, Oxford.) Butler, Cap-grave, Menardus, Geoff., Cam-brensis, etc.

28

St. Carantog, or

Carantocus, of WalesAb. c. 550 (May 16). A brotherof St. Tyssul, he foimdedthe Church of St. Leangrannoyin Cardiganshire. Wytford s

Anglican Mart., John of Tyne-mouth, etc.

St. Caraunus of

ChartresM. 5th cent. (May 28). Carry-

ing a saint's head. {Window,Chartres Cath.) Curing a blind

man. {Ibid.) Butler, Rom. andGall. Marts., Baillet, etc.

St. Carileff, orCarilephus, of Clermont

P.C. c. 540 (July i). A recluse

of Aninsole, near Le Mans, hewas discovered by King Childe-

bert, who gave him the land onwhich was founded the abbeyof St. Calais. Usuardus,Hrabanus, Ado.

St. Carilippus, orCarlippus, of CiciliaAb. M. (Apr. 28). A companionof St. Aphrodisius, q.v. Smallbarrel in his hand. {Cahier.)

Buffalo kneeling to him . {Ibid.

)

Rom., Gall, and Spn. Marts.,

Ado, Usuardus, Notker, etc.

St. Carlo. SeeSt. Charles Borromeo

(Nov. 4).

St. CarmeloB.C. N.D. In white habit of

the Order of Mercy, writingunder the influence of a visionof the B.V.M. {Zurbarau.)

St. Carnech of IrelandAb. c. 530 (May 16). Brotherof SS. Ronan and Brecan, heruled an abbey not far from.Lifford, near Loch Foyle. Celt.

Mart.

St. Carneus of Brittany(Nov. 15). A monk of Dinan.

St. Caro. SeeSt. Caraunus

(May 28).

St. CarolineV. N.D. Holding a thistle.

{German painting.)

St. CarpophorusM. 304 (Aug. 27). Body guardedby wolves. {Callot.)

St. CarpophorusM. One of the Quotuor Coro-nati (Nov. 8), q.v.

St. Carpus, B., andCompanions, ofPergamosMM. c. 251 (Apr. 13). St.

Carpus, Bishop of Thyatira,with his deacon and servant,

was tortured £ind burnt to

Saints and their Emblemsdeath by Valerius, Governor of

Asia Minor, in the Decian per-

secution. Butler, Ado, Nother,

Eusebius, Tillemonf, etc.

St. Carpus of Troas1st cent. (May 26 and Oct 13).

Bishop of Beroea in Thrace. St.

Paul makes reference to him(2 Tim. iv. 13). Rom. Mart.,

Ado, Usuardus, Nother.

St. Carthagh (the

younger) of LismoreB. 637 (May 14). A native of

Kerry, he founded Raheny Mon-astery, and on his expulsion byBlathmac founded the see andmonastery of Lismore. Butler,

Colgan, Usher, Tallaght andother Celt. Marts., etc.

St. Casilda of BurgosV. 1126 (Apr. 9). Breadchanging into roses in her lap.

{Ihon.)

St. Casimir, Prince ofPoland

1483 (Mar. 4). Crowned, holding

a lily. {Pitti Gall., C. Dolci.)

Praying at church door at night.

(Blaise.) Butler, Henschenius,

A Life by Zachary Ferrier, c.

1519-

St. Cassian of Autunc. 350 (Aug. 5). Bishop of

Autun.

St. Cassian of ImolaM. 359 (Aug. 13). Stabbed byhis scholars. {Bavaria Pia.)

Butler, Roman and Latin Marts.

St. Cassian of UmbriaB.M. c. 303 (Aug. 13). Bishopof Todi.

St. CassiusM. Companion of St. Gereon(Oct. 10), q.v.

St. Castor of CoblentzP.C. 4th cent. (Feb. 13). Saving

a sinking ship. {Ihon) Cologne,

Belg. and Treves Marts.

St. Castor of Gaulc. 420 (Sept. 21). Bishop of Apt.

St. CastoriusM. (July 7). Companion of St.

Claudius, q.v. Sculptor at workupon a statue. (Callot.)

St. Castrensisc. 450 (Feb. 11). Bishop of

Volterra.

St. Castricianus of

Lombardy136 (Dec. i). Bishop of Milan.

St. Castulus of EomeM. c. 286 (Mar. 26). Chamber-lain of the Palace to Diocletian,

he was denounced to the Prefect

Fabian, who after torture buried

him in a pit full of sand. Rom.Mart.

St. Castus, and Com-panions, of PicardyMM. c. 264 (May 15). Weremartyred at Clermont.

SS. Castus and Emilius,

of CapuaMM. c. 250 (May 22). Martyredin Africa, probably in theDecianpersecution, their relics mayhave been translated at the

time of the Vandal invasion.

St. Austin refers to them in asermon preached on their

festival. Butler, Mart, of St.

Jerome.

SS. Castus and Secund-inus, of CampaniaBB. MM. (July i). Said to

have suffered martyrdom at

Gaeta, but their names appearto have been first conjoined byBaronius. The acts of these

saints are untrustworthy andprobably a forgery of the loth

century. Mad. Rom. Mart.

St. CastusM. Compajiion of St. Felix

(Mar. 13), q.v.

St. CataldusB. 7th cent. (May 10). Alearned Irish monk, he waschosen Bishop of Tarentum onhis return from a pilgrimage

from Jerusalem. Butler, Lives

by Bartholomew Moronus andAntony Caraccioli.

St. Catellus of Cam-pania

617 (Jan. 19).

Casteliamare.

Bishop of

St. Cathan of ScotlandB.C. c. 600 (May 17). Buriedin the Isle of Bute, his relics

were so famous that the island

was sometimes called Kilcathan.

Butler, Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Catherine ofAlexandria

V.M. 307 (Nov. 25). Wheel set

with hooks. {East window,Exeter Cath.) Wheel and sword.{Window, Auch.) Broken wheeland palm. {Cima de Conegliano.)

Wheel held by Maximin, saint

trampling on him. {Windows,Westminster Abbey and WestWickham.) Wheel, sword point

entering it. {Roodscreen, Bur-lingham St. Andrew.) Crowned,kneeling on wheel. {ViennaGallery.) Double-spiked wheel,

two men under it ; angel break-ing it with hammer. {MS.Hours.) Broken wheel and palmheld by an angel ; saint crownedwith white flowers. (BernardinoLuini.) Crowned, with palmand wheel. (Window, Wintring-ham, Yorks.) Crowned, withsword only, trampling on Maxi-min. (XVI. cent, window, VyneOratory, Basingstoke.) Wheel

24

at her feet, another springing

from a cross behind her.

(Church of St. Louis, Cologne.)

Two wheels supported by post.

(Church of St. Cumbert, Cologne).

With palm between two wheels.

(Giotto.) Sword and book.

(Roodscreen, Filby.) Espoused

to Our Blessed Saviour. (Gros-

venor Gallery, Perugino.)Crowned, with bridal-veil andring, wheel beside her. (Ghir-

landajo.) Carried by angels to

Mt. Sinai. (Fresco by Lucini

Brera, Milan.) Holding spiked

wheel, a bunch of three flowers

above it. (Old monastic seal.)

Crowned, and carrying twocrowns. (Flos. Sane.) Lamband palm. (Turin Gallery,

Guide.) Hail striking downher torturers. (A ttrib. der Heil.)

Palm and staff. (Bonn. Cath.)

Palm and book. (Roodscreen,

Edingthorpe.) Dove over her.

(Fresco, Catfield.) Butler, etc.,

and all Martyrologies.

St. Catherine of

BolognaV. Abs. 1463 (Mar. 9). Carrying

the Holy Infant Jesus. (Ikon.)

Holding a brush and a paintiag

of the Crucifixion. (Engraving.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Catherine Flisca of

GenoaW. 1510 (Sept. 15). Daughterof Gracomo Fieschi, nephew of

Pope Innocent IV., and wife to

Julian Adomo, who adopted apenitential life and became re-

nowned for her fasting andworks of charity. Rom. Mart.

St. Catherine of BicciO.S.D. V. 1589 (Feb. 13). InDominican habit, with a crownof thorns, St. Philip appearingto her. (Italian engraving.)

Christ embracing her from thecross. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom.Mart.

St. Catherine of SienaV. 1380 (Apr. 30). Crucifix

upon a heart. (Liber Croni-carum.) Crowned with thornsby Christ. (Acad. Venice, F.Bissalo.) Receiving crown of

thorns and rosary from InfantSaviour. (Sasso Ferrato, Rome.)Crowned with thorns, cross andflowers in right hand, heartwith cross upon it in left. (Isa-

bella Breviary, Brit. Museum.)St. Dominic appearing to herwith other founders of religious

orders. (Cahier.) Espousal to

the Infant Saviour. (Pitti

Gallery, Fra Bartholomeo.) Ex-changing hearts with OurSaviour, angel holding crownand crown of thorns. (Acad,Florence, Ghirlandajo.) Crucifix,

lily and palm behind open bookin right hand, flaming heart withI H S in left, three crowns over

Saints and their Emblemsher supported by angels. {Epist.

Devot de St. Catherine, Wood-chester.) Crowned with thorns,cross m her hand. {ArhorPast.) Crowned with thorns,crucifix, inflamed heart. (AndrL)Holding an inflamed heart.

{Buffalmacco.) Lily at her feet,

rays from stigma in her hand.{Vienna Gallery, P. Pistoja.)

Dominican nun, lily in hand.(National Gallery, A. Bor-gagnone.) Dove above her.

(Cat. Sanct.) Stigmas, lily andbook. (Fresco, Ch. of St.

Dominic, Siena.) Ring in herhand. (Ikon.) Convertingrobbers. (Jameson.) Rom. andall other Marts.

St. Catherine ofSweden

V. 1381 (Mar. 22) Abbessholding lily. (Old engraving.)

Dressing a poor man's Wounds.(Callot.) A hind at her side.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Blessed Sacra-

ment brought to her death-bed.

(Gueffier.) Danish, Norwegianand Swedish Kalendars, Rom.Mart.

St. Ceadda of LichfieldB. 672 (Mar 2). Episcopal robes

and mitre, book in right hand,pastoral staff in left. (St. Chad's

Church, Shrewsbury.) Butler,

Rom., Ang., Scot, and Irish

Marts., Two Lives by Ven. Bedeand Robert of Gloucester.

St. Ceadmon ofWhitbyMk. c. 680 (Feb. 11). Formerlya cowherd, he entered the com-munity of Whitby, writing in

a book of music. (Engraving.)

Eng. Mart., Bede.

St. Ceallach. See

St. Celsus(Apr. 6).

St. Ceallach. See

St. Kellach(May I.)

St. CeciliaV.M. 220 (Nov. 22). Crown,wreath of flowers and palm.

(Roodscreen, Filby.) Wreaths of

roses in left hand and on her

head, sword in right hand.

(yVindow, Gillingham.) Green

wreath and pahn. (Roodscreen,

Burlingham, St. Andrew.)

Wreath of roses on head, taJl

spring of almond leaves and

flowers in hand. (Roodscreen,

Trimingham.) Wreaths, on

head and in hand, of white roses

and lilies. (Roodscreen, N.Elmham.) Wreath, on her head,

of lihes and red roses. (Predella,

B.A.deFiesoli.) Seated, wreath

on head, singing to angel, play-

ing organ. (Painting, de Vois.)

Wreath of flowers on head, right

hand on sword. (Window,

Martham Church.) Spring of

white flowers in hand. (DentonCh., Chest.) Organ pipes in

hand. (Bologna Gall., Raphael,Arbor Past, and Tab. de la

Croix.) Holding crown. (IX.

cent, mosaic, St. Cecilia, Rome.Boiled in cauldron. (Cat.

Sanct.) Seated with paJm andbook. (Florence Gallery, Cima-bue.) With violin. (Roodscreen,

Kenton.) Appearing to PopePaschal I. (Ancient fresco,

given by Cam^ani.) Showingan angd to Valerian. (Gueffier.)

Harp. (Husenbeth). Threewounds in her neck. (Husen-beth.) Holding pair of organs,

angd blowing organ beUows.(Jameson.)

St. Cecilianus ofSaragossaM. (April 16). Companion of

St. Optatus, q.v.

St. Cecilius, SeeSt. Caecilius

(June 3).

St. CeddBp. of London. 664 (Jan. 7.) Amissionary from Lindisfame to

the Midland English, he wasconsecrated Bishop of London,afterwards retiring to hismonas-tery of Lastingham, where hedied of the plague. Butler, Eng.Mart., His Life by Ven. Bede.

St. CelerinaM. Companion of St. Celerinus

(Feb. 3), q.v.

St. Celerinus, Dn., andCompanions, of AfricaMM. 3rd cent. (Feb. 3). Readerand afterwards Deacon in theChurch of Carthage, he re-

ceived orders from St. Cyprian.Rom. and Latin Marts.

St. Celestine I. of RomePo. 432 (Apr. 6). Dove at his

ear. (Hulme.) Butler, Tillemont,

Ceillier, Rom. Mart.

St. Celsaus of Breslau1252 (July 16). A missionary

to Silesia.

St. Celsus of ArmaghAbp. 1128 (Apr. 6). Grandsonof Abp. Moeliosa of Armagh, hewas consecrated bishop in 1105before reaching the canoniccd

age, and was later (1121) ap-

pointed to Dublin. Butler,

Rom. and Celt. Maris., ArmaghChronicle.

St. Celsus of RhenishPrussia


Treves.

St. CelsusM. Companion of St. Julian

(Jan. 9), q.v.

25

St. Celsus or CelseM. Companion of St. Nazarius

(July 28), q.v.

St. Cenen. See

St. Keyne(Oct. 8).

SS. Censurinus andQuiriacus of Ostia252 (Sept. 5). Of prefectorial

rank, St. Censurinus, with the

deacon Archelaus, Aurea, avirgin, and seventeen of their

gaolers, were baptized by the

priest Maximus, confirmed bythe Bishop Quiriacus, and mar-tyred by the orders of Gallus.

Rom. Mart.

St. Censurius ofAuxerre

c. 500 (June 10). Bishop of

Auxerre.

St. Ceolfrid of Wear-mouth

Ab. 716 (Sept. 25). A friend andcoadjutor and successor of St.

Benedict Biscop. When on apilgrimage to Rome, he died at

Langres, in the diocese of Lyons,where he is stiU venerated.

Gall. Mart., Dempster's Scottish

Menology, Bede.

St. Ceolwulf of EnglandK. Mk. 767 (Jan 15 and Mar 14)

.

A patron of the Venerable Bede,by whom the History of the

English was dedicated to him.Abdicating the kingdom of

Northumbria, he died in retire-

ment at Lindisfame. Old Eng.Marts., Bede, Florence of Wor-cester, Wm. of Malmesbury,Henry of Huntingdon, Simeon

of Durham.

St. Cerbonius ofPiombino

B. c. 575 (Oct. 10). Bear licking

his feet. (Gueffier.) Rom. Mart.

St. CerealisM. Companion of St. GetuUus(June 10), q.v.

St. Ceslas of PolandC. 1242 (July 20). Dominicanrestoring drowned youth to hfe.

(Painting by Comans.) Fiery

cloud over hun. (Cahier.) Butler,

Longinus, Matthew de Miacovia,

etc.

St. Chad. SeeSt. Ceadda

(Mar. 2).

St. Chaeremon of

NilopdlisB.M. 256 Pec. 22). Mentionedin a letter from St. Dionysius

to the bishop of Antioch as afugitive from Alexandria in the

Decian persecution. Rom.Mart., Usuardus.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Charalampius, P.,

and Companions, ofMagnesiaMM. 202 (Feb. lo). Sufferedmartyrdom before the governorLucianus by flaying. Withhim suffered two soldiers andthree women. Baring-Gould,.

St. CharissimusM. Companion of St. Romulus(July 6), g.v.

St. CharitasM. Sister of St. Fides (Aug. i),

q.v.

St. Charitina of Pontusy.M. 290 (Oct. 5). Angel ex-tinguishing funeral pUe. {A ttrib.

der Heil.) Pair of tongs. {Chris.

Kunst) Gk. Men., Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Charito, or Chariton,of PalestineH. c. 340 (Sept. 28). Handsmanacled ; serpent drinkingout of a cup. {Columnae milit.

Eccl.)

St. CharityV.M. (Aug. i). Legendarydaughter of St. Sapientia (Aug.i), q.v. As a child holding asword. [Attrib. der Heil.)

Bl. Charlemagne, or

St. Charles the Great,Emp. of France

814 (Jan. 28). His remains wereenshrined at Aix-la-Chapelle,

where the Antipope Paschal HI.decreed his canonisation. Heis venerated as a saint in manychurches in Germany and theLow Countries. All Europeanhistories and French andGerman Martyrologies.

St. Charles Borromeo,Cardinal Abp. of Milan

1584 (Nov. 4). In cardinal's

robe and lace-edged cotta,

casket and crucifix on a table

near hitn. {XVI. cent, window.)Communicating plague patients.

{Louvre, Bologna Gallery.)

Kneeling at altar, rope roundhis neck. {Le Brun.) Butler,

Rom. Mart., Lives by CardinalAustin Valerio, Bp. Charles

Bascape of Novara and Peter

Gussano of Milan.

Bl. Charles the GoodM. 1124 (Mar. 2). Count of

Flanders, he was son of St.

Canute, King of Denmark, andAdelheid, and was murdered in

the Church of St. Donatus,Bruges. (Baring-Gould.) Her-mann Greven, Molanus, Belg.

Mart.

St. Chef of DauphineAb. 575 (Oct. 29). Of goodfamily, he entered the monasticlife under St. Caesarius of Aries,

and later founded a monasteryat Vienne, wherein he becamea recluse until his death. Butler,

Rom. Mart., a Life by Ado.

St. ChelidoniusM. Companion of St. Emether-ius (Mar. 3), q.v.

St. Cheron. SeeSt. Caraunus

(May 28).

St. Chier. SeeSt. Kiara

(Oct. 16).

St. Chilien. SeeSt. Kilian

(Nov. 13).

St. ChioniaV.M. Companion and sister of

St. Agape (Apr. 3), q.v.

St. Chlodulf, orCholdoarus of Metz

B.C. c. 696 .(June 8). Bene-dictine^monk, with royal in-

signia. {Die Heyligenbildes.)

Instructing the poor. {Burg-maier.) Nails in his hand (as

patron of nail-makers). (Baring-

Gould.) Butler, Rom. and Gall.

Marts.

St. Christiana ofGeorgiaV.M. Apostle to the Iberians.

4th cent. (Dec. 15). Captiveconverting a king. Pillar heldup by angel while she prays.

(Cahier.) Rom. Mart.

St. Christiana. SeeSt. Oringa

(Apr. 15).

St. Christina theWonderful of Belgium

V. 1224 (Jioly 24). Bom atBrusthem, near St. Trond, in

Hesbain, many legends are told

of her insensibility to pain andexposure. She died in theConvent of St. Catherine. Belg.,

Gall., Bene, and Cist. Marts.

St. Christina of BolsenaV.M. 295 (July 24). A scroll.

{Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.)Holding an arrow, and tramplingon a pagan, (Roodscreen, Kenn.)Millstone at her side, two arrowsin hand. (Lucus v. Leyden.)Man shooting an arrow at her.

(Callot.) Pierced by threearrows. (Roodscreen, N. Elm-ham.) In prison breaking idols.

(Icon. Sanct.) MOlstone roundher neck. (Venice, VincenziaCalena.) Serpent round herwrist. (Tab. de la Croix.)

Hand resting on millstone.

(Munich Gal., J. Schoreel; also

XVII. cent. Flemish stainedglass.) A knife. (Ikon.) A pairof tongs, (Attrib. der Heil.)

Sword in her bosom. (Bissolo,

26

Treviso.) Arrow and sceptre.

(Roodscreen, Eye.) A tower or

burning kiln at herside. (Baring-

Gould.) Butler, Gk. Men., Copt,

and Rom. Marts.

St. Cristopher of LyciaM. c. 250 (July 25). As giant

wading through river with

Infant Jesus on his shoulder.

(Window, Cossey Hall.) Asabove, but the Holy Infant with

three heads. (Sedgeford Ch.)

As above, also hermit with

lantern. (Fresco, St. John,Winchester.) As above, withstaff. (XV. cent, window, Win-tringham.) As above, hermitwith lanthom in background.(Hemling, Boisseree Gal.) Kneel-ing, executioner with sword byhim. (Tintoretto, S.M. dell'

Orto, Venice) Butler, Rom.Mart., Ado, Usuardus.

St. ChristopherM. Companion of St. Victor

(Apr. 20), q.v.

St. Chrodegang ofMetz

B.C. 766 (Mar. 6). A native

of Hesbain in Brabant, he wasmade Chancellor of France byCharles Martel, at whose deathhe was elected Bishop of Metz.

Belg. and Metz Marts., Molanus,Hermann Greven.

St. Chrodingus. SeeSt. Roding

(Sept. 17).

St. ChromatinsC. Companion of St. Tiburtius(Aug. II), q.v.

St. ChronidesM. Companion of St. Philetus(Mar. 27), q.v.

St. ChronionM. Companion of St. Julian(Feb. 27), q.v.

SS. Chrysanthus andDaria of RomeMM. c. 250 (Oct. 25). (Thefollowing emblems apply toSt. Chrysanthus only.) Stoned.(Callot.) Buried alive. (Oldetching.) Pit near him with mud.(Ikon.) Buried alive, stones onhim. (Passionel.) Axe andtorch. (Attrib. der Heil.) Sewnup in the skin of an ox. (Cahier.)

Mod. Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.,Wandelbert, Usuardus.

St. Chrysogonus ofRomeM. 304 (Nov. 24). Fishes hold-ing up his body in the water.(Hulme.) Carried to heaven byangels, who bear a sword andpalm. (Guercino.) Beheaded andthrown into the sea. (Hmenbeth.)Rom. Mart., Usuardm, Ado,Carthaginian Kalendar.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Chrysolius ofCominesB.M. 302(Feb.7). An Armenian,he accompanied SS. Piatus andQuentin in their mission toFrance and Belgium, and is saidto have founded the first sanc-tuary of the B.V. Mary inFlanders. Molanus, Ferrarius.

St. Chrysostom. SeeSt. John Chrysostom

(Jan. 27).

St. ChrystetaM. Companion of St. Vincent(Oct. 27), q.v.

St. Chudd. SeeSt. Carthagh(May 14).

St. Chuniald. SeeSt. Conald

(Sept. 24).

St. Cianan. SeeSt. Kenan

(Nov. 24).

St. Cilinia of Laon5th cent. (Oct. 21). Mother of

St. Remigius.

St. Cineria. SeeSt. Kennera

(Oct. 29).

St. CisellusCh. M. Companion of St.

Luxorius (Aug. 21), q.v.

St. Citha. See St Sitha(Apr. 27).

St. CittinusM. (July 17). One of theScillitan martyrs and a com-panion of St. Speratus, q.v.

St. Clair, or Clarus, of

Le YexinP.M. c. 894 (Nov. 4). In monas-tic habit, head in his hands.

(St. Maclou, Rouen.) Butler,

Usuardus, Gall and Rom. Marts.

St. Clara, or Clare, of

AssisiV. Abs. 1253 (Aug. 12). Tall

cross fixed in a turban on groundand trampling on scimitar.

{French engraving.) Blessed

Sacrament in hand. {Molanus.)

Crosswith crosslets like asperges.

{Old painting, Assisi.) Mon-strance in hand. {Roodscreen,

Trimingham, and many other

instances.) Presenting her heart

to the B.V. Mary. {Palais Com.,

Lyons.) Lily in her hand. {M.

d'Arezzio, P. Capanna.) Butler,

Franciscan Annals.

St. Clara of MonteFalco

V. 1308 (Aug. 18). Three balls

in her right hand, Uly in her

left, instruments of the Passion

on her breast. {Acta Sand.)As above, but with a crosier in

right hand. {Callot.) Holdingthree nails. (Weyen.) Holdingscales, one with one globe, onewith two, yet evenly balancing.

{Cahier.) Butter, Rom. Mart.

St. Clara of RiminiMatr. 1346 (Feb. 10). After hersecond widowhood she devotedherself to a life of renunciationand austerity. Rom. Mart.

St. Clare. See St. Clara(Aug. 12).

St. Clarius. SeeSt. Clair

(Nov. 4).

St. Clarus of LectoureB.M. (June i). Bishop of

Lectoure.

St. Clarus of the Loirec. 320 (Oct. 10). Bishop of

Nantes.

St. Clarus of VienneAb. 733 (Apr. 26 or Jan i ?)

Appeasing the flooded watersof the Rhone. (Cahier.) {N.B.The Bollandists suggest that

several saints of this name havebeen confounded, so that aJl

lives under this name—^as also

St. Clair (Nov. 4)—are veryconfused and unreliable.)

St. Clateus ofLombardyM. 1st cent. (June 4). Bishopof Brescia.

St. Claude. SeeSt. Claudius

(June 6).

St. Claudia of UmbriaMatr. c. no (Aug. 7). OfBritish nationality and said to

be daughter to Caractacus, shemarried the senator AulusPudens, and died at Sabinumin Umbria. Wilson's, AnglicanMart.

St. ClaudiaM. Companion of St. Alexandra(Mar. 20), q.v.

St. ClaudianM. Companion of St. Victorinus

(Feb. 25), q.v.

St. Claudius ofBesanQonAbp. 696 (June 6). Doffing his

episcopal vestments. {Callot.)

Holding a taper. (Cahier.)

Blessing a kneeling boy or

raising him to life. (Tab. de la

Croix, Solitaire.) Bowels woundround windlass (possibly in

error for St. Erasmus). (Jehande Brie, 1521.) Prisoners near

him, their chains falling off.

(Cahier.) Raising a dead monkto life : horseman near him.

(Stained glass, XVI. cent.)

Butler, Henschenius, Mabillon.

27

St. Claudius and Com-panions, of AegeaMM. 285 (Aug. 23). Nailed tostakes. (Cahier.) Butler, Mart.of St. Jerome, Acts of SS.Claudius and Asterius.

St. Claudius of Rome,and Companions

c. 300 (July 7). Nicostratus,

gaoler to St. Sebastian, wasconverted by the healing of his

dumb wife, Zoe. With him werebaptized his brother Castor,

Claudius, his brother Victorinus,

and his sons FeUcissimus andVictorian. The bodies of Zoeand TranquilUnus being throwninto the Tiber after their mar-tyrdom, the above, with St.

Symphorian, searched for andburied them, afterwards beingracked and thrown into the sea

by Fabian, Governor of Ostia.

Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus.

St. ClaudiusM. Companion of St. Julia

(July 21), q.v.

St. ClaudiusM. Brother of St. Maximus(Feb. 18), q.v.

St. Claunus. SeeSt. Mochua

(Jan. I).

St. Cledog of WalesK.M. c. 482 (Aug. 19). Grand-son of Brychan of Brecknockand a brother of St. Pedita.

Murdered by a jealous rival

at Clodock in Herefordshire.

Wilson, Capgrave, Whitford.

St. Cleer of CornwallC. (n.d.) In episcopal vest-

ments. (Window, St. Noets.)

St. ClementPope M. c. 100 (Nov. 23).

Mitre, triple cross, anchor in

hand. {Roodscreen, Westhall.)

Tiara, triple cross, anchor at

feet (Denton Ch.) Kneeling at

altar, acolyte with tiara on book.

(Ch. St. Cunebert, Cologne.)

Holding an anchor. (XII. cent,

mosaic, St. Clement's, Rome.{XV. cent window, Ludlow.) Asabove, lamb over fotmtain nearhim. (Cahier.) Thrown froma ship, anchor round his neck.

(Fresco by Bonafratellis, 1572.)With double cross. (Roodscreen,

Houghton le Dale.) Floating withanchor round his neck. (Callot.)

Praying before a fountain.

(Aitrib. der Heil.) Butler, Rom.Mart., Gk. Men., Bede, Ado,Notker.

St. Clement, Patriarchof Alexandria217 (Dec. 4). A native of Athens,

he studied under Pantoenusin the catechetical school of

Alexandria, afterwards succeed-

ing him. He was tutor to

Saints and their EmblemsOrigen and St. Alexander, anddied at Alexandria in the reign

of Caraculea. Butler, Usuardus,Potter, Eusebius, Jerome.

St. Clement, B., andCompanions, of AncyraMM. d. c. 300 (Jan. 23). Mar-tyred in the Diocletian persecu-

tion with great brutality, beingtorn with hooks and St.

Clement's teeth and jaw brokenwith a large stone. Butler,

Chatelain.

St. ClementB. c. 60. Companion of St.

Appelles (Apr. 22), q,v.

St. ClementC. Companion of St. Justus(June 5), q.v.

St. CleonicusM. Companion of St. Basiliscus

(Mar. 3), q.v.

St. CleophasDisciple, ist cent. (Sept. 25).

Girded habit and pilgrim's staff.

Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.,

Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus,Notker.

St. Clethus of theAbruzzi

c. 600 (Jime 13). Bishop of

Aquila.

St. Cletus. SeeSt. Anacletus

(Apr. 26).

St. Cliutauc. SeeSt. Cledog

(Aug. 19).

St. Clodoaldus. See

St. Chlodulf(June 8).

St. Clothilda, or

Clotildis, of ToursQ. c. 540 (June 3). Causing afoimtain. {Cahier.) Church in

hand. (Ibid.) Battle in the

distance. (Ibid.) In royal robes,

angel with shield charged with

fleurs-de-lis at her side.

(Jameson.) Butler, Rom. andGall. Marts., Gregory of Tours.

St. Clotsendis of

MarchienneV. Abs. c. 700 (June 30).

Daughter of St. Rictrudis andSt. Adalbert and sister to SS.

Eusebia, Adalsendis andMauvontius, she succeeded her

mother as abbess of Marcliiennes.

Belg. and Bene. Marts.

St. Cloud. SeeSt. Chlodulf

(June 8).

St. Clydog. See

St. Cledog(Aug. 19).

St. Cocovatus. SeeSt. Cucuphas

(July 25).

St. Codratus and Com-panions, of CorinthMM. c. 258 (Mar. 10). Bomwhilst his mother was a fugitive

from the Decian persecution, hegrew up in the desert and wasthere joined by other youngfugitive Christians. They weretaken by the governor, Jason,

and executed at Corinth. Rom.Mart.

St. Coelestius ofLorraine

c. 320 (Oct. 14). Bishop of

Metz.

St. Coelfrith. SeeSt. Ceolfrid

(Sept. 25).

St. Coemgall. SeeSt. Comgall(May 10).

St. Coemgen ofGlendalough

B. 618 (June 3). Of good Irish

family, he was baptized by St.

Cronan and studied under St.

Petrocus. Having founded themonastery of Glendalough, hewas later consecrated bishop of

the cathedral which was built

near the abbey church. Butler,

Celt. Mart.

St. Coemgen. SeeSt. Congan

(Oct. 13).

St. CointhaV.M. 249 (Feb. 8). Dragged byher feet and stoned. (Christ.

Kunst.)

St. Colette of GhentV. Abs. 1447 (Mar. 6). Holdingcrucifix and hook. (Engraving.)

Dead Christ placed in her armsby B.V. Marv. (Cahier.) SS.Francis and Clare appearing to

her. (Ibid.) Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Colman of CloyneB. An associate of St. Brendonof Clonfert, and pupil of St.

Jarlath of Tuam. He was thefirst bishop of Cloyne.

St. Colman of DromoreB. c. 650 (June 7). Son of Daire,of the royal blood of Cashd,and founder of a monastery atDoire-Mor in Munster. AberdeenBreviary, Celt. Mart.

St. Colman ofKillruadh

B. (Oct. 16). A disciple of St.

Aelbhe of Emly, he founded achurch at Kilroot. Celt. Mart.,Scottish Menology, AberdeenBreviary.

28

St. Colman ofStockerauM. 1612 (Oct. 13). Hung on a

gibbet. (Bavaria Pia.) Hungon a gibbet, man cutting thigh

off. (Das Passiowe/.) As pilgrim,

with rope in hand. (Attrib, der

Heil.) Butler, Colgan, Ger.

Marts.

St. Colman of TempleHanborough

c. 632 (Oct. 27). Of the family

of Fiachra, he was abbot of

Seuboth-foly, in the diocese of

Ferns,and a friend of St. Maidoc.

Celt, and Tallaght Marts.

St. Colman of Wicklow659 (Dec. 12). Abbot of Glen-

dalough. Butler, Colgan, Irish

Kalendar.

St. Colman Elo. ofLandElo.Ab. C. 610 (Sept. 26). Monastichabit ;

pilgrim's cap, staff,

gourd and wallet ; a rope aroundhis neck, and gibbet near him.(Engraving.) (Possibly an error

for St. Colman of Stockerau.)

Butler, Usher.

St. Colman MacDuachof Connaught

B. c. 630 (Oct. 29). A relative

of St. Cohnan of Temple Han-borough, both being descendedfrom Eochaidh Breac. Colgan,

Celt. Mart.

St. ColmanP.M. Companion of St. Kilian

(July 8), q.v. (N.B.—There areninety-six St. Cohnans in theMartyrology of Donegal alone,

besides many others dsewhere.Moreover, most of the Acts andLives are fuU of fables of themost monstrous description, sothat much confusion exists asto the identity of many of thesaints of this name.)

St. Colme. SeeSt. Columba

(June 9).

St. Colmoc of Scotlandc. 1000 (June 6). Bishop of

Orkney.

St. Colodoc. SeeSt. Kenan

(Nov. 5.)

St, Columba of CordovaM. 853 (Sept. 17). Sister toAbbot Martin of Cordova, sheentered the convent of Tabanosand was beheaded by the Moorsand her body thrown into theGuadalquivir. Butler, Suyskenthe Bollandist, Mod. Rom. andSpn. Marts.

St. Columba ofCornwallV.M. N.D. (Mar. 16). Believedto have been one of the companyof St. Ursula. Anglican Mart.

PLAfE I

ST. (ll'J'XIOHY. Pope. ST. C'r.l':.\rRNT Carrlinnl.

I\ood>oreen. .'^(. Mary Steps Cliurch, Exeter-

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Columba of lona^- 597 (June 9). Devils fijdngfrom him. {Cahier.) Butler,Rom. Mart., Usmrdus, Nother,Bede, etc.

St. Columba ofMunsterAb. 548 (Dec. 12). A native ofLeinster, he was founder andfirst abbot of Tyrdaglas Mon-astery.

BL Columba of ReatiV. 1501 (May 20). Dove, lily

and book. {Ch. St. Dominic,Perugia.)

St. Columba ofSt. Columb (Cornwall)V.M. (Nov. 13). Described byCamden as "a very piouswoman and a martyr." Accord-ing to Whittaker, she was putto death by a heathen king atTrekyning, near St. Columb.Challoner's Memorial of BritishPiety or British Marfyrology,London, 1761 (Oct. 23.)

St. Columba of SensV.M. 274 (Sept. 17.) Palm in

right hand, bear led by chain in

left. (Ch. St. Columba, Cologne.)

Bear approaching one side, manstruck down on the other.

(Ibid.) In chains. (Callot.)With crucifix. (Tab. de la

Croix.) On funeral pUe, angel

above, doud quenching ilames.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Crownbrought by angel. (Cahier.)

Bear devouring man at her feet.

(Das Passionel.) Crowned, hold-

ing hook. (XV. cent, window,Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.)


Usuardus, Ado, etc.

St. Columba of SensV.M. 273 (Dec. 31). Of Spanishbirth, she came to Gaul with

SS. Beatus, Sanctianua andAugustine, where she was bap-tized at Vierme, and was be-

headed by order of Aurelian at

Sens. Butler, Rom. and Gall.

Marts., Usuardus, Ado, etc.

St. Columban, or

Columbanus, of BobbioAb. C. 615 (Nov. 21). Taminga wild beast. (Icon. Sanct.)

In bear's den, foimtain near

him. (Attrib. der Heil.) Sun-

beams above him. (Die Heil.)

Kneeling among wolves. Strik-

ing water from rock. (Cahier.)

Crucifix, ends bearing leaves

and flowers. (Ibid.) Butler,

Usuardus, Ado, Roman andCistercian Marts., etc.

St. Columkille. See

St. Columba(June 9).

St. Comgall of BanchorAb. 601 (May 10). Red-hotstone in his hand. (Ikon.)

Angel bringing him fruit.

(Attrib der Heil.) Butler, Celt..

Mart., Aberdeen Breviary, Col-

gan, etc.

St. Comgan. SeeSt. Congan

(Oct. 13).

St. Commodus of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.


St. Conald of SalzburgC. (Sept. 24). A Scottish mis-

sionary to Germany and com-panion of St. Rupert, Bishop of

Salzburg. Butler, Colgan.

St. Conall of Ireland(May 22). Abbot of Ennis-Chavil in Tyrconnel. Butler,

Colgan.

St. Concord of SpoletoP.M. 178 (Jan. 2). Fed by angel

in dimgeon. (Cahier.) Butler,

Bollandus, Tillemont.

St. ConcordiaV.M. c. 255. A servant andcompanion of St. HippoljH;us

(Aug. 13), q.v. ; beaten to deathwith leaded whips. Scourgedat stake with leaden scorpions.

(Callot.)

St. ConcordiusM. Companion of St. Zeno(Sept. 2), q.v.

St. Congall of Ireland(July27). Abbot of labhnallivin,

on Lough Erne, of which parish

he is the patron saint. Butler,

Colgan.

St. Congan of ScotlandAb. c. 750 (Oct. 13). Brotherto St. Kentigema and uncle to

St. FiUan, who buried him in

lona. Aberdeen Breviary,

Tamlacht and Donegal Marts.

(Aug. 2).

St. Conogan of Brittany6th cent. (Oct. 13). Bishop of

Quimper.

St. Conon of IconiaM. c. 275 (May 29). Drawinga chariot with horses. (Callot.)

Butler, Tillemont, etc.

St. Conon of IconiumDn. M. 275 (May 29). Suffered

by fire, with his twelve-year-old

son, by Domitian. Rom. Mart.,

Ado, Usuardus.

St. Conon of the Isle of

ManB. 648 (Jan. 26). First Bishop

of Sodor and Man and tutor to

St. Fiacre. Butler, Leslie.

St. Conon of Sicily

1236 (Mar. 28). A monk at Nesi.

St. Conrad ofConstanceB.C. 976 (Nov. 26). Chalice

with spider over it. (XVII. cent,

stained glass.) Castiag out

devils. (Callot.) Giving theasperges attended by angels.

(Bavaria Pia.) Curing a lunatic.

(Das Passionel.) Walking upona lake. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom.and Ger. Marts., etc.

St. Conrad. See

St. Cuno(June I).

Bl. Conrad of PlacenzaC. 1351 (Feb. 19). Small birds

fluttering around him. (Ikon.)

Cross with birds upon it.

(Menologium St. Francisci.)

Stags and animals around him.(Cahier.)

St. Conran of Kirkwall7th cent. (Feb. 14). Bishop of

Orkney. Butler, Lesley.

St. Constabilus, or Con-stablis, of CaviaAb. (Feb. 17). Driving off afleet of pirates. (Cahier.)

S. ConstansM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct, 4), q.v.

St. Constant of Irelandyyy (Nov. 13). A priest andanchorite near Lough Erne.Butler, Colgan.

St. Constantia of Romec. 300 (Feb. 18). Daughter of

Constantine the Great, she washealed of scrofula at the tombof St. Agnes. Acts of St. Agnes.

St. ConstantineEmp. c. 335 (May 21). Inimperial robes, holding lancesurmounted with the Labanun.(Statue, Lateran.) Gk. Men.

St. ConstantineM. (July 27). One of the sevensleepers of Ephesus, q.v. Aclub. (Musaeum Victorium,Rome.)

St. Constantine ofGovan, Protomartyr ofScotland

c. 576 (Mar. II). Of RoyalBritish blood, he took partin St. Columba's mission to thePicts, and was murdered by in-

fidels. Butler, Colgan, AberdeenBreviary.

St. Constantine ofLanguedoc6th cent. (Apr. 12). Bishop of

Gap.

St. Constantine II. ofScotlandK.M .c. 874 (Apr. 2). Was slain

by Hinguar, a Danish barbarian,and buried in lona. Butler,

Lesley.

St. Constantius ofPerugiaB.M. c. 170 (Jan. 29). Cast in

a fire and decapitated. (Cahier.)

Saints and their EmblemsSt. ConstantiusM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct. 4), n.v.

St. ConvoyonofRhedonAb. c. 868 (Dec. 28). Bom at

Comblessac, near St. Malo, hewas ordained by Reginald,Bishop of Vannes, as Abbot of

Rhedon. He died at Plelan.

Gall, and Bene. Marts., Mabillon.

St. ConynC. Knight in armour with ashield : or, nine torteaux, three,

three and three. [Crypt, GhentCath.)

St. CopresH. 5th cent. A companion of

St. Patermuth (July 9), q.v.

With garden tools. (Cahier.)

St. Corbican ofFlanders

C. 8th cent. (June 26). AnIrish immigrant to the LowCountries, where he lived anddied a solitary. Belg. and Gall.

Marts.

St. Corbinian ofTreisingen

B. c. 730 (Sept. 8). Bear forced

to carry his baggage after hav-ing devoured his mule. (Bilder

Legende, Iron.) Butler, Rom.and Ger. Marts., Surius,

Mabillon.

St. Cordula of CologneV.M. 451 (Oct. 22). An apocry-phal saint. She is reputed to

have been a companion of St.

Ursula, but to have fled themassacre, only to be killed nextday when leaving her place of

concealment. Rom. and Lubeck-Cologne Marts.

St. Corentin, or Coren-tinus, of Devon

H. 401 (Dec. 12). Honoured,according to Butler, in Devonand Cornwall. He lived ahermit at the foot of Mt.Menehent (sic) in Devon. Butler,

Borlase.

St. Corentin ofQuimperB. c. 460 (Dec. X2). Striking

water from a rock. (Weyen.)

At a fountain, bucket withfish at his side. (Baring-Gould.)

Gall. Mart., Butler, Mabillon,

Lobineau.

St. Cormac of Cashel

908 (Sept. 14). A King of

Munster, he was killed fighting

against Flan, King of Meath.

Butler, Colgan, Ware.

St. Cormac of IrelandAb. (Dec. 12). Described as anabbot of great sanctity, his

tomb is shown in his chapel onEilean Mor off the coast of

Argyllshire. Btitler, Usher.

St. Cormac II. of

Scotland1122 (Aug. 15). Bishop of

Murtlach.

St. Cornelius theCenturion

B. of Caesaria. ist cent. (Feb.

2). Baptized by St. Peter, hewas later consecrated Bishopof Caesaria. Rom. Mart., Acts,

c. 10.

St. Cornelius of Civita

VecchiaPo. M. 252 (Sept. 14). Cowsaround him. {Cahier.) Holdinga horn. {Ch. St. Mary, Cologne.)

Horn of unction and tall cross.

(Wilhelm.) Horn of unction andtriple cross. {Window, Cossey

Hall. Roods creen, Portlemouth.)

Holding a sword. (Ikon.)

Horn mounted on stand withfoot. Baptizing. (Cahier.)

Butler (on Sept. 16), Rom. Mart.,

York and Sarum Breviaries,

Eusebius.

St. Cornelius of GhentM. (Feb. 16). His reUcs, dis-

covered in the catacombs of

Rome, were given to the Jesuit

Church, Ghent, by Pope Inno-

cent X.

St. Corona of EgyptM. c. 177 (May 14). Hands andfeet fastened to four trees.

(Callot.) Tom asunder betweentwo trees. (Old Engraving.)

St. CoronatusM. N.D. Lance in hand. (Chris.

Kunst.)

St. Cosmas of GazaB. c. 780 (Oct. 14). Fosterbrother to St. John Damasceneand consideredto hold thesecondplace among the poets of the

Greek Church. Gk. Mencea andMenology.

SS. Cosmas and Damianof CiliciaMM. c. 297 (Sept. 27). Redgowns, surgical instruments in

their hands. (Lorenzo, Florence

Gal.) With rods of Aesculapius.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Each holding

an arrow. (Weyen.) Crucified,

stoned and shot with arrows.

(Passionel.) Cosmas, a palm,Damian, a pestle and mortar.(Tintoretto, Venice Acad.)Attending man in bed withblack leg. (Northwick Gal.,

A. da Fiesoli.) Holding vases.

(Nat. Gal., M. von Liesborn.)

Holding caskets. (British

Museum.) Holding vases anddarts. (Callot.) Holding goldcaskets with small compart-ments. (Predella, A. da Fiesoli.)

Hung on a beam and tom withhooks. (Der Heyl. Leb.) Butler,

Ado, St. Gregory of Tours,

Bede, Usuardus, etc.

30

St. CosmasMk. M'. (Mar. 20). Companion

of St. John, q.v.

St. Cougat or Covat.

See St. Cucuphas(July 25).

St. Crapard. See

St. Erasmus(June 2).

St. CrementiusC. Companion of St. Caius

(Apr. 16), q.v.

St. Crescens of Galatiac. 100 (June 27). A disciple of St.

Paul, mentioned in the Second

Epistle to Timothy. Probably

owing to Galatia being mis-

spelt Gallia, he is sometimesconfused with Crescens, first

bishop of Mainz, and St. Cres-

cens of Vienne. Rom. Mart.

St. Crescens of ViennaB. ist cent. (Dec. 29). Holding

the model of a church. (Cahier.)


St. CrescentiaM. Nurse of St. Vitus (June 15),

q.v., and wife of St. Modestus.

St. Crescentianus andCompanions, ofCarthageMM. 258 (Sept. 14). Martyred

in the Valerian persecution, with

three companions, on the sameday as St. Cjrprian. Ado,

Notker, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Crescentius of

FlorenceC. 424 (Apr. 19). Attending the

sick. (Ikon.)

St. Crescentius of RomeM. c. 320 (Sept. 14). Flying to

Perugia, with his father andmother, from the Diocletian

persecution, he was arrested,

beaten with rods and sent in

chains to Rome, where he wasdecapitated. Rom. Mart.

St. CrescentiusM. Companion of St. Boniface

(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. CrescentiusM. Companion of St. Romulus(jTily 6), q.v.

St. CrewennaCompanion of St. la (Oct. 27),

q.v.

St. Crispin of AndalusiaM. c. 302 (Nov. 19). Bishopof Ecija.

SS. Crispin andCrispinian, of SoissonsMM. 287 (Oct. 25). Tied to a

tree and flayed alive. (Das

Passional.) Two shoemakersat work. (Callot.) Holding

Saints and their Emblemsstrips cut from a hide. {A ttrih.

)

der Heil.) Shoemakers' toolsnear them. {Ikon.) Thrownfrom a bridge with millstonesround their necks, {Solitaire.)All Martyrologies.

St. Crispinaof ThebesteM. 304 (Dec. 5). Martyred withthe sword by Anulinus, Pro-consul of Northern Africa.Butler, Rom. Mart., CarthaginianKalendar, Mabillon, Usuardus,Ado, etc.

SS. Crispus and Cainsof Corinth

ist cent. (Oct. 4). They werebaptized by St. Paul, and St.Caius is mentioned in three ofhis Epistles (Acts xviii., i Cor.i. 14 and Rom. xvi. 23). St.

Crispus, a tower at his side.

{Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.)Ado, Nother, Rom. and otherLatin Martyrologies.

St. Cronan of IrelandAb. c. 640 (Apr. 28). A nativeof Munster and founder of themonastery of Roscrea. Celt.

Marts.

St. Cronan of Balla.

See St. Mochua(Jan. i).

St. CtesiphonB. (Apr. i). Companion of St.


St. Cuan. SeeSt. Mochua

(Jan. I).

St. Cuby of CornwallB. 6th cent. (Nov. 8). Of nobleBritish family, he took part in

a mission to Wales, where three

churches are dedicated to him,besides the better known onein Cornwall. He also foundedthe great monastery at Holy-head. {Baring-Gould.) A Memoirby the Rev. J. Adams, in No. 8

of the Journal of the RoyalInstitution of Cornwall, 1867.

St. Cucuphas, orCucubas, of Barcelona

M. c. 303 (July 25). An African

by birth, he came with St. Felix

(Aug. i), q.v., to Caesarea in

Mauretania. Trading with Bar-celona, he was arrested there,

racked and decapitated. Butler

and all Latin and Spanish Maris.

St. Cumin of IrelandB. 682 (Aug. 19). Son of

Fiachna, King of West Munster,

he was Abbot of Keltra, in

Lough Derg, later being ad-

vanced to a bishopric. He died

at Bobbio, in Italy. Butler,

Usher, Cave, Ceillier, Mabillon,

etc.

St. Cumine of lonaAb. 669 (Oct. 6, Feb. 24). Anephew of St. Cumin, he was

elected to succeed Abbot Suibneof lona in 657. Dempster (on

Oct. 16), Fitz-Simon, Irish

Kalendars.

St. Cummian Fada ofKilcummin

Ab. 662 (Nov. 12). A monkof Columba, he was probablyeducated in the monastery of

Durrogh, which he left to

found and become first abbot at

Disert-Chuimin, nowKUcumminin King's County. Celt. Mart.

St. Cunera of RhenenV.M. 5th cent. (June 12).

Strangled by her executioners.

{Lambrecht.) Molanus, Cologne

and Lubeck Marts.

St. CunegundesEmpress. 1040 (Mar. 3). Walkingover hot ploughshares. {Callot^

Walking over hot ploughsharesand carrying one m her hand.{Hans Burgmaier.) Holding the

same lily with St. Henry. {Pitti

Gal., Mancini.) Holding modelof the Church of St. Stephen orof the Cathedral at Bamberg.{Attrib. der Heil.) Hanging hergloves on sunbeam. {Cahier.)

St. Cuniald. SeeSt. Conald

(Sept. 24).

St. Cunibert of CologneAbp. 663 (Nov. 12). Church in

hand. {Munich Gal., B. deBrujn.) Dove at his ear. {XV.cent, window, Kaiser Friedrich

Museum, Berlin.) Dove on his

head. {Church of St. Cunibert,

Cologne.) Rom. and Ger. Marts.,

Ado, Usuardus, Wandelbert.

St Cunine Fioun. SeeSt. Cumine

(Oct. 6).

St. Cuno of TrevesAbp. M. 1066 (June i). Ap-pointed by his uncle, Abp. Anusof Cologne, to the archbishopric

of Treves against the populardesire, he was waylaid at Bide-

burg by Count Dietrich, boundwith chains, thrown from arock, and finally stabbed to

death. Treves Mart., Usuardus,Molanus, Canisius, etc.

St. Cury. See

St. CorentinPec. 13).

St. Cuthbert of

LindisfarneB. 687 (Mar. 20). Bearing the

head of St. Oswald. {Statue,

Durham Cath. Windows, Oxford

Cath. and Wintringham.) Swansby his side. {Ikon.) Otters

serving him. {Christ. Kunst.)

Table. with three loaves, angel

near it. {Cahier.) Pillars of

hght above him. (ibid.) Butler,

81

Bede, Usuardus, Ado, Hrabanus,Maurus and almost all Mar-tyrologies.

St. Cuthburga ofWimborne

V. Q. Abs. 720 (Aug. 31).

Sisterto St. Cyneburga and KingJua of Wessex, she was marriedto Alfred, K. of Northumbria,but entered the conventual Ufeat^ Barking, afterwards found-ing the monastery of Wimborne.Butler, Wm. of Malmesbury,Sarum Breviary.

St. Cuthman ofSteyning

C. c. 750 (Feb. 8). A shepherdbom in Devonshire or Cornwall,he founded and built the churchof his name at Steyning in

Sussex. Bearded, holding achurch in both hands. {Engrav-ing.) Butler, Bollandus, anancient Anglo-Saxon Kalendarin the Abbey at Fecamp.

St. CutiasM. Son of SS. Maximus andPraepedigua (Feb. 18), q.v.

St. Cybar, or Cybard, ofPerigord. SeeSt. Eparchius

(July I).

St. Cyby. See St. Cuby(Nov. 9).

St. Cyndeus ofPamphylia

P.M. c. 250 (July 11). A priest

of Sida, tortured and burnt todeath in the Diocletian per-secution. Gk. Mencea andMenology, Mod. Rom. Mart.

SS. Cyprian and Justinaof AntiochMM. 304 (Sept. 26). {Cyprian.)Burning books of magic.{Callot.) Devil flying away withhim. {Cahier.) Gridiron andsword. {Attrib. der Heil.) Burntin cauldron with St. Justina.{Das Passionel.) As a Greekbishop, holding palm and sword,books underfoot. {Jameson.)Butler, Baronius, Ceillier, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Cyprian of CarthageB.M. 258 (Sept. 16). HoldmgpaJm, mitre at his feet. (P.

Veronese, Brera. Milan.) De-capitated. Butler, Rom. Mart.{Statuary, Charires Cath.)

SS. Cyprian and Felixof Carthage

BB. MM. c. 482 (Oct. 12),

St Cyprian, Bishop of Uniziba,and St. Felix, of Abbirita, weremassacred, with nearly five

thousand other African Chris-

tians, by Moors in the Vandalpersecution under Huneric.Rom. and Latin Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Cyprian ofDordogne

c. 581 (Dec. 9). He was abbotof Perigueux.

St. Cyprian of Toulonc- 565 (Oct. 3). Sword andcrosier ; a tower near him.(XF/. cent, stained, glass.)

St. CyprianM. Companion of St. Codratus(Mar. 10), q.v.

St. CyrM. 292 (Jan. 31). Holding abunch of herbs. (Cahier.)

St. Cyr, or Cyriacus, ofTarsus

Ch.M. 304 (June 16). Standingwith his mother, St. Julitta,

both holding pahns. (Sea^ of

the Convent of St. Quiricus.)

Dashed by judge against steps

of tribunal. (Callot.) Riding awild boar. {Der Heyl. Liber.)

Butler, Ruinart, all Rom. Marts.

St. Cyra. See St. Kiara(Oct. 16).

St. CyraCompanion of St. Marana (Aug.

3). q--"-

St. Cyrenia. SeeSt. Cyriacus

(June 16).

St. CyriacM. c. 250. Companion of St.

Antiochus (July 15), q.v.

St. Cyriacus of Jeru-salem

B.M. 284 (May 4). Plunged into

a cauldron. (Callot.) Collecting

money in dish for poor pilgrims.

(Ch. of the Benedictines, Liessies.)

Palm in hand, holding a chaineddevil. (Bonn. Cath.) Cross orthree crosses in hand. (Cahier.)

Dragon or devil under his feet

or chained near him. (Attrib.

der Heil.) Crown near a girl,

freed by him from the devil.

(Ibid.)

St. CyriacusH. (Sept. 29.) Drawing waterfrom well. (Peres des Deserts.)

St. Cyriacus, Dn., andCompanions, of RomeMM. c. 303 (Aug. 8.) Tied to astake with hot pitch poured onhis head. (Callot.) Si. Jerome,Rom. Mart., Sarum and YorkBreviaries, etc.

St. CyriacusM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. CyriacusM. Companion of St. Satyrus

(Jan. 12), q.v.

St. CyrilC 1224 (n.d.) Angel handinghim two tablets from a cloud.

(Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Cyril of AlexandriaPatr. d. June 444 (Jan. 28).

The B.V. Mary appearing to

him. (Callot.) Butler, Rom.Mart., Tillemont, Ceillier, etc.

St. Cyril of Caesarea(Cappadocia)

Ch.M. (May 29). A child, hewas put to the sword in either

the Decian or Valerian persecu-

tion. Butler, St Jerome, Florus,

Ruinart, Henschenius.

St. Cyril of CreteB.M. c. 304 (July g). Broughtbefore the governor, Agrianus,

during the Maximinian persecu-

tion, he was drawn in a cart bybuUocks to the place of execu-

tion and burnt to death. Gk.Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Cyril of JerusalemB. d. 389 (Mar. 18). Purse in

hand. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom.Mart., Gk. Men., Sozomen,Theodoret, etc.

SS. Cyril (Abp.) andMethodius of Moravia

CC. c. 880 (Dec. 22). St. Cyril

with Bulgarian converts roundhim. (Ikon.) St. Cyril bearded,in philosopher's long habit.

(Baring-Gould.) St. Methodiusin archiepiscopal vestments,holding a pictvure of the LastJudgment. (Baring-Gould.)

Both saints holding a church.

(Cahier.) Butler, Henschenius,Kohlius, Rom. and Slav. Marts.,

etc.

St. CyrilM. Companion of St. Mark(Mar. 29), q.v.

St. Cyrilla of RomeV.M. c. 258 (Oct. 28). Holdinghot coals in her hand. (Weyen^Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus,Wandelbert.

St. CyrillusM. Companion of St. Anastasia(Oct. 28), q.v.

St. CyrinaV.M. Companion of St. Juliana(Nov. 1), q.v.

St. CyrinusM. Companion of St. Alphius(May 10), q.v.

St. CyrinusM. Companion of St. Basilides

(June 12), q.v.

St. CyrinusM. Companion of St. Theogius(Jan. 3), q.v.

St. Cyrus of CarthageB. N.D. (June 14). This name is

said to have been inserted in the

82

Modern Roman Martyrology byBaronius on account of its being

mentioned on one occasion bySt. Augustine. Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Cyrus of Piedmontc. 334 (June 29). Bishop of

Genoa.

SS. Cyrus and John of

EgyptMM. 250 (Jan. 31). St Cyrus,

a physician of Alexandria, andSt. John, an Arabian, with four

women, were tortured and be-

headed at Canope. Butler,

Bollandus, Ancient Greek Acts.

St. Dabius, SeeSt. Davius

(July 22).

St. DadasM. Companion of St. Maximus(Apr. 13), q.v.

St. Dadon. SeeSt. Oven

(Aug. 24).

St. DafrosaW. 361 (Jan. 4). Wife of Flavian

the Martyr and afterwards of

one Faustus, who also suffered

for the faith in the reign of

Julian the Apostate. Rom.Mart., Bede, Ado, Notker,

Maurolycus.

St. Dagaeus587 (Aug. 18). Bishop of

Iniscaoin-Deghadh in Ireland.

St. Dairchilla. SeeSt. Moling

(June 17).

St. Dalmatius of Con-stantinople

Ab. c. 440 (Aug. 3). Formerlyin the Theodosian Guards, hewas persuaded by St. Isaac,

an abbot of Constantinople, to

enter his monastery, where hesucceeded St. Isaac as abbot onhis death. Menology of the

Emperor Basil, Syriac andArmenian Kalendars.

St. Dalmatius ofLombardy

M. 304 (Dec. 5). Bishop of

Pavia.

St. Damasus of RomePo. C. 384 pec. II). Holdinga ring. (Weyen.) Holding ascreen with " Gloria Patri," etc.,

on it. (Cahier.) Church doorbehind him. (Ibid.) Butler,

Rom. Mart., St. Ambrose,Rufines, Theodoret.

St. DamianM. Companion of St. Cosmas(Sept. 27).

St. DamienH. Companion of St. Zebinas(Feb. 23), q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Damhnade ofIreland

\V. (Jtme 13). Titular saint ofthe counties of Fermanagh andCavan.

St. DanielM. (Oct. 13). One of the sevenFranciscan Martyrs, q.v.

St. Daniel Stylites ofConstantinople

H. c. 489 (Dec. 11). Living ona pillar. {Cahier.) Butler, Rom.Man., Gk. Men., ThedorusLector, Evagrius, Theophanes, etc.

St. Daniel of Gerona(Spain)

H.M. (Apr. 24). Beheaded atAries. Spn. Marts.

St. Daniel of LodiM. Church in his hand. (Cahier.)

SS. Daniel, P., andVerda, Y., of Persia

MM. 344 (Feb. 21). Torturedand decapitated in the provinceof the Razicheans during thereign of K. Sapor II. Butler,

Syriac Acts by St. Maruthas.

St. Daniel of VeniceC. 1411 (Mar. 31). A Germanmerchant who lived in thecloisters of the convent of St.

Matthias at Venice. He wasassassinated by robbers. Mar-tyrology of Camaldoli, Bucelinus.

St. Daniel of Wales545 (Nov. 23). Ordained first

Bishop of Bangor by St.

Dubricius. Butler, Usher.

St. Daniel. SeeSt. Deiniol

(Dec. 10).

St. DanielM. Companion of St. Elias (Feb.

16), q.v.

St. DariaM. (Oct. 25) Companion of St.

Chrysanthus, q.v.

St. Darlugdach of

IrelandV. 526 (Feb. i). A friend of St.

Bridget and an inmate of that

saint's monastery at KUdare.

St. Dathy. SeeSt. Nathy

(Aug. 9).

St. Datius of MilanB. c. 552 (Jan. 14). Bishop of

Milan. After the capture of that

city by the Goths he escaped to

Constantinople. Rom. and Latin

Marts.

St. DativaM. Sister and Companion of St.

Dionysia (Dec. 6), q.v.

St. DativusM. Companion of St. Neme-sianus (Sept. 10), q.v.

St. Datus of RavennaB. c. 185 "(July 3). Said to havebeen the seventh bishop of

Ravenna, after St. Apollinaris,

and the successor to St. Probus.

Rom. Mart, only since 1608.

No ancient authority.

St. David of MunkdorpAb. c. 1060 (July 15). Hanginggloves on sunbeam. [Cahier^

St. David. SeeSt. Nathy

(Aug. 9).

Bl. David, K. ofScotland

1153 (n.d.) Banner chargedwith a harp. {Cahier.) Churchin his hand. (Ibid.)

St. David of Thessa-lonica

H. c. 650 (June 26). A hermit,

celebrated for his virtues andeloquence. Rom. Mart., Gk.Men.

St. David of WalesAbp. c. 544 (Mar. i). Preachingon a Ml, dove on his shoulder.

(Callot.) Butler, Giraldus Cam-brensis, Rom., Celt., Scot, andEng. Marts.

St. DavidM. Companion of St. Romanus(July 24J, q.v.

St. Davinus or DaviusC. 1651 (June 3). Bearing across on his shoulder. (Cahier.)

Vine growing on his grave,

(Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Davius ofScotland

N.D. (July 22). Of Irish birth,

he preached in Scotland and is

patron of the parish ofDomnachCluanna, co. Down, and of

Movean, in the Highlsinds.

Butler, Colgan.

St. Declan of Ireland450 (July 24). Baptized by St.

Colman, he preached before thearrival of St. Patrick, who ap-pointed hitn first Bishop of

Ardmore. Butler, Colgan, Usherand Bosch.

St. Decuman, or Dege-man, of Somersetshire

H.M. c. 706 (Aug. 27). Of noble

parentage, tradition states that

he floated across the Severn Seaon a faggot of rushes. A churchis dedicated to him at Watchet.Wilson, Wyon, Ferrarius, Bol-

landists.

St. I)eicolus of

BurgundyAb. c. 600 (Jan. 18). A native

of Ireland, he left that cotmtry

with St. Columban and lived

with him in East Anglia andat Luxen (France). He was

88

the founder of the Abbey of

Lure. Butler, Rom. Mart., Eng.Kalendar.

St. Deiniol of Walesc. 545 Pec. 10 or Nov. 23). Sonof Dunawd Fyr, he assisted his

father in the establishment of

a monastery at Bangor, beingmade first Bishop when Bangorwas raised to a see. Butter,

Geo-ffrey of Monmouth, Usher, etc.

St. Dell. SeeSt. Deicolus

(Jan. 18).

St. Delphine of AptW. 1369 (Nov. 26). Wife of St.

Elzear (Sept. 27) , q.v. FranciscanMart.

St. Delphinus ofBordeaux

B. c. 380 (Dec. 24). Holding achurch. (Weyen.) Rom. andGall. Marts., St. Ambrose.

St. Demetrius of Egypt231 (Oct. 9). Bishop of Alex-andria.

St. Demetrius ofSpoleto

C. (n.d.). Golden rays aroundhead. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Demetrius ofThessalonica

M. c. 300 (Aug. 14 or Oct. 8).

Holding a lance and arrow.(Ikon.) Devil appearing asscorpion in prison. (icon.

Sancf.) Bede, Ado, Notker,Hrabanus, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Denain. SeeSt. Deuthlin

(July 14).

St. Denick. SeeSt. Devinic

(Nov. 13).

St. Denis. SeeSt. Dionysius

(Oct. 9).

St. Dentlin of HainaultCh. 7th cent. (July 14). Boywith a hawk on his wrist.

(Shrine of^St. Vincent Madelgar,Soignies ; Roodscreen, Holne.)

Belg. and Cologne Marts.

St. Denysa. SeeSt. Dionysia

(May 15).

St. Denyw. SeeSt. Thenew

(July i8)-

St. DeocharusAb. N.D. Open tomb exhaling

a sweet odom:. (Bavaria Pia.)

St. Deodatus of Italy473 (June 27). Bishop of Nola.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Deodatus of Nevers

B.C. 679 (June 19). Healing amadwoman. {Ikon.) Reachinghis hand towards thunder-clouds. (Aitrib. der Heil.)

Church in hand. (Cahier.) Gall.

Mart.

St. Deodatus of Orleans6th cent. (Apr. 24). Abbot of

Blois.

St. Deogratias of

CarthageB. d. C.456 (Mar. 22). Renownedfor his acts of mercy towardsGenseric's Roman captives sold

into slavery in Africa. Rom.Mart.

St. Deruvian. SeeSt. Decuman

(Aug. 27).

St. Deseri. SeeSt. Desiderius

(May 23).

St. Desideratus of Berri6th cent. (May 8). Bishop of

Bourges.

St. Desideratus of theJura

4th cent. (July 27). A Bishopof Besangon.

St. Desiderius ofChampagne

c. 621 (Oct. 27). Bishop of

Auxerre.

St. Desiderius of

Gruienne634 (Nov. 15). Was Bishop of

Cahors.

St. Desiderius ofLangres

B.M. c. 407 (May 23). A native

of Genoa martjrred during the

Vandal conquest of Champagne.Usuardus, Ado, Rom. and Gall.

Marts.

St. Desiderius ofYienneB.M. 612 (May 23). Strangled.

(Callot.) Rope in hand. [Ikon.)

Butler, Henschenius, Rom. andGall. Marts.

Bl, Desideriusc. 1150 (n.d.). Keeping the

cattle of his monastery. {Cahier.)

St. Desir. See

St. Desiderius(May 23).

St. DeusdeditC. 6th cent. (Aug. 10). Celestial

palace appearing to him.{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Deusdedit. See

St. Adeodatus(July 15).

St. Deusdedit of Italy

834 (Oct. 9). An abbot of

Monte Casino.

St. Deusdedit ofRome

618 (Nov. 8). Successor to

Boniface IV. in the papal chair.

Rom. Mart., Anastasius the

Librarian.

St. Devinic of ScotlandB. c. 580 (Nov. 13). Wasmissionary to Caithness. Demp-ster, Adam King, David Oamer-arius, Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Devota of MonacoV.M. 3rd cent. (Jan. 27^. Doveflying from her mouth. {Cahier.)

Dove guiding the vessel withher relics. {Ibid.) And her Acts.

St. Dewi. SeeSt. David

(Mar. I).

St. Dichul. SeeSt. Deicolus

(Jan. 18).

St. Didacus, or Diego,of Alcala

C. 1463 (Nov. 13). Infant

Jesus in his arms. {Cahier.)

Cross in hand. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Cross brought by angel.

{Hueberus.) Cross on his shoul-

ders, tunic full of roses. {Louvre,

Murillo.) Angels cooking for

him, the saint in an ecstasy.

{Jameson.) Drawing a child

from oven imhurt. {Cahier.)

Butler, Mark of Lisbon, Sedulius,

St. Didier. SeeSt. Desiderius

(May 23).

St. DidymusM. Companion of St. Theodora(Apr. 28), q.v. Crucified, withflesh torn. {Ikon.) Treading onserpents. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Die. SeeSt. Deodatus

(June 19).

St. Diego. SeeSt. Didacus

(Nov. 13).

St. Diey. SeeSt. Deicolus

(Jan. 18).

St. DignaV.M. c. 256 (June 14). Tomwith iron hooks. {Cahier.)

SS. Digna and Emeritaof Rome

VV. MM. 3rd cent. (Sept. 22).

Tortured to death by the judge,

Gaine, in the Valerian persecu-

tion. Rom. Mart., The Saints'

Acts.

St. DignaM. Servant and companion ofSt. Afra (Aug. 5), q.v.

34

St. DignaM. Servant of St. Hilaria (Aug.

12), q.v.

St. Dimas, See

St. Dismas(Mar. 25).

St. DiodorusM. (Feb. 25). Companion of St.

Victorinus, q.v. He was burnedalive during the Decian per-

secution.

St. Diogenes ofFlanders

B.M. 407. Bishop of the joint

diocese of Cambray and Arras,

he was martyred by the Vandals.

St. Diomede of NicaeaM. c. 304 (Aug. 16). A physician

of Cflicia, who was arrested

during the Diocletian persecu-

tion and died on the way to

trial. Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Dionysia and Com-panions, of AfricaMM. 484 pec. 6). Victims of

the Vandal persecution underHuneric. Rom. Mart., Usuardus.

St. DionysiaM. Companion of St. Epimar-chus (Dec. 12), q.v.

St. DionysiaV.M. Companion of St. Peter

(May 15), q.v.

St. Dionysius the Great,of Alexandria

B.C. 264 (Nov. 17). Convertedto Christianity in the school of

Origen, he succeeded Heraclasas head of the catechetical

school, later becoming elected

to the bishopric of Alexandria.Butler, Rom. Mart., Ado,Usuardus, Eusebius, Tillemont,

Bie, etc.

St. Dionysius theAreopagite of Athens

B.M. 1st cent. (Oct. 3). A grid-

iron. {Antechapel. Mag. Coll.,

Oxon.) Butler, Tillemont, Cave,Bede, Ado and all Martyrologies.

St. Dionysius ofAugsburgBM. 303 (Feb. 26). Brotherto St. Hilaria (Aug. 12) andfather to St. Afra (Aug. 7), hewas converted, with them andothers, by St. Narcissus, bywhom he was ordained theirpriest or bishop. Ger. Mart.

St. Dionysius of CorinthB.C. c. 180 (Apr. 8). His writ-ings are referred to by Eusebius,who cites him as his authorityfor the statement that SS.Peter and Paul suffered at thesame time in Italy. Gk. Men.(on Nov. 29), Rom. Mart.,Usuardus, Molanus, etc.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Dionysius of Kieff

1180 (June 26). Was Archbishopof Sugdaea in Bulgaria, whencehe was expelled, and going toNijni Novgorod, there foundedthe Peischericon monastery.Russ. Kalendar and the Bol-landists.

St. Dionysius ofLombardy

Early 4th cent. (May 25).Bishop of Milan.

St. Dionysius of ParisB.M. 272 (Oct. 9). Beheaded.{Pantheon, Paris.) Our Saviourcommunicating him in prison.{Window, St. Pierre, Chartres.)

Carrying his mitred head inhis hands. {Arbor Past, andTab. de la Croix.) Caxiying atonsured head, his own headon and mitred. {Formerly atHempstead Ch.) Bareheaded,canying another bare head.{E. window, St. Mark's, Bristol.)

In white chasuble, canying ahead with mitre and halo.

{Window, Methley, Yorks.)With his head, mitred, on abook. {Ch. of St. Catherine,

Esslingen.) Carrying his head,mitred ; two angels holding acrown above him. {RheimsCath.) Canying mitre withupper part of his head in it,

lower part on his shoulders,

bleeding. {Isabella Breviary,

Brit. Mus.) Tied to a cross-

shaped tree, mitre on his head,

two maUets on ground. (S.

aisle, Si. Denis, Paris.) Mitredhead in hand, an angel guidinghim. {Window, St. Pierre,

Chartres.) Butler and all

Western Marts.

St. Dionysius of Rome269 (Dec. 26). Successor to St.

Sixtus in the Papal Chair, heaccused St. Dionysius of Alex-

andria of heresy. Rom. Mart.,

Eusebius.

St. DionysiusM. (July 27). One of the seven

sleepers of Ephesus, q.v. Alarge nail. {Museum Victorium,

Rome.)

SS. Dionysius, Aemilianand Sebastian of LesserArmeniaMM. N.D. (Feb. 8). Of these

saints nothing is known, thoughthey figure in many Martyr-

ologies. BoUandus substitutes

for their last acts the acts of SS." Aemilian, Hermippus andDionysius." Rom. Mart., Jerome,

Bede,Nother. Ado, Usuardus,etc.

St. DionysiusM. Companion of St. Codratus

(Mar. 10), q.v.

St. DionysiusM. Companion of St. Hilary

(Mar. 16), q.v.

St. Dionysius of TripolisM. Companion of St. Timolaus(Mar. 24), q.v.

St. DionysiusM. Another companion of St.

Timolaus (Mar. 24). q.v.

St. DioscorusM. N.D. (Feb. 15). Sides burnt

with torches. {Callot.)

St. Disen, or Disibod-us,

of MaintzB.C. 674 (Sept. 8 or July 8).

In abbot's vestments, holding

the model of a church. {Engrav-

ing.) Butler, Surius, Hrabanus,Maurus, Solier, etc.

St. Dismas, the peni-tent thief

33 (Mar. 25). Angel receiving

his soul. {Cahier.) TaU cross

by his side. {Aitrib. der Heil.)

Baronius, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Dizier. SeeSt. Desiderius

(May 23).

St. Dochonna. SeeSt. Machar

(Nov. 13).

St. Docmael of

PembrokeH. 6th cent. (Jime 14). Underthe name of St. Toel, a titular

saint of the church of PomeritJandy near Trequier. Butler,

Chatelain.

St. DodaV. Companion of St. Bova(Apr. 24), q.v.

St. Dodolin7th cent. (Apr. i). Bishop of

Vienne.

St. Domangart of Slieve

DohartB. Early 6th cent. (Mar. 24).

Son of Euchodius, K. of Ulster,

and founder of a monasteryon the promontory of Slieve

Slainge. Irish Marts.

St. Dominic of BolognaC. 1221 (Aug. 4). Lily in hand,star over his head. {Pitti Gal.,

B. Angelico.) Lily in hand, star

on his head. {A. Baldovinetti.)

Lily in hand, star on his breast.

{Public Gal., Siena.) LUy in

hand, star on his forehead.

{Vienna Gal., D. Feti.) Dogsetting fire to a globe with atorch. {Tab. de la Croix.) Lily

in one hand, monastery in the

other. {Miss, Praedicatorum,

Venice, 1504.) Lily and book.

{Buffalmacco.) Cross and rosary.

{Chorographia Sacra Brabantice.)

Lily in right hand, statue of

B.V. Mary on book in left,

{Lovabo dish, Cossey Hall.)

Angel bringing bread for himand his community. {Cahier.)

35

Book and pilgrim's staff. {MS.Hours.) Rosaries in hand, star

on forehead. {Vienna Gal.,

Caravaggio.) TaU staff withcrucifix, dog firing a globe.

{Lucas V. Leyden.) Receiving

the keys from St. Peter. {Fresco,

St. Maria, St. Minerva, Rome.)Holding scroll with the words :

" Timete Deum, quia veniet hora

judicii ejus." {Juan de Joanes.)

Facing the devil to hold a candle

for him to write. {Lubleyras.)

Receiving commission to preachfrom SS. Paul and Peter. {Nic-

colo Pisano.) Walking with abishop over thorns. {Gueffier.)

Spanow near him. {Ikon.)

Kneeling before B.V.M. and SS.

Catherine and Cecilia. {Der

Heyl. Leb.) Sword in hand,books burning. {Fra Angelica,

fresco L. Spada, Bologna.) Tak-ing part in battle. {Cahier.)

All Mariyrologies.

St. Dominic ofCampania

1031 (Jan. 22). An abbot of

Sora.

St. Dominic de Calzadaof Castile

H.C. 1109 (May 12). Cockperched on his hand. {Cahier.)

A bridge and fortified town.{Old seal, Cahier.)

St. Dominic ofLombardy

c. 600 (Dec. 20). Bishop of

Brescia.

St. Dominic Loricatusof San Severino

C. 1060 (Oct. 14). Scourginghimself in the cold, his coat of

mail lying on ground. {Soli-

tudo.) Butler, A Life by St.

Peter Damian.

St. Dominica ofTropea

V.M. 4th cent. (July 6). ACampanian by birth, martyredin the Diocletian or Maximianpersecution. Baronius.

St. DominicaM. Sister and companion of St.

Indract (Feb. 5), q.v.

St. Dominick. SeeSt. Modomnoc

(Feb. 13).

St. Domitian ofArmenia

B.C. c. 600 (Jan. 10). A friend

of the Emperor Maurice, hebecame Bishop of Melitene anddied at Constantinople. Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Domitian of theJura

4th or 5th cent. (July i).

Abbot of St. Rembert.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Domitian ofMaestrict

B. c. 560 (May 7). Bom in

France,hewas Bishop ofTongresbefore his election to the see

of Maestrict. He is patron of

Huy on the Meuse, where his

body hes buried. Belg. Marts.

St. Dommoc. BeeSt. Modomnoc

(Feb. 13).

St. Domnan of Ross-shire

M. c. 600 (Apr. 17). An Irish

missionary to Scotland, mur-dered at Loch Ewe by pirates.

Tallaght and Donegal Marts.,

Cashel Kalendar.

St. Domnina of CiliciaM. c. 304 (Oct. 12). A nativeof Anazarbus tortured in the

Diocletian persecution till shedied of exhaustion. Rom. Mart.,

Gk. Men.

St. Domnina of SyriaV.H. c. 460 (Mar. i). Recordedby the Bishop Theodoret as

renowned for her austerity andgood Works. Gk. Menologium.

St. Domnina, and Com-panions, of SyriaMM. 305 (Oct. 4). Capturedwhen flying from the Diocletian

persecution, theydrowned them-selves. Gk. Men., Eusebius,

St. Ambrose.

St. Domninus ofLanguedoc

300 (Feb. 13). Bishop of Digne.

St. Domninus of theLyonnais

c. 536 (Nov. 3). Was Bishopof Vienne.

St. Domninus of ParmaM. 304 (Oct. 9). An ofi&cer of the

Court of Maximian Herculeusat Milan, murdered during his

flight to Rome. Butler, Tille-

mont, the Saint's Acts.

St. Domnohus, or

Domnolus, of Le MansB. 581 (May 16). Holding the

plan of a monastery. {Gueffier.)

St. Donald of ScotlandC. c. 716 (July 15). Led areligious hfe with his nine

daughters in the Glen of Ogilvy,

Forfarshire. Aberdeen Breviary,

Scottish Kalendar.

St. Donata(July 17). One of the Scillitan

Martyrs, companion of St.

Speratus, q.v.

St. Donatella of AfricaM. c. 305 (July 30). Burnt on agridiron. [Callot.)

SS. Donatian andRogatian of NantesMM. c. 286 (May 24). Twobrothers of noble birth mar-tyred by being racked, their

heads pierced with lances anddecapitated. Butler, Ruinart,

Tillemont and Ceillier.

St. Donatian ofRheims

B. c. 380 (Oct. 14). Sword andlance. {Ikon.) Holding wheelset with tapers. {Cahier, Crypt,

Ghent Cath.) Butler, Flodoard

and Molanus.

St. DonatianM. Companion of St. Montanus(Feb. 24), q.v.

St. Donatianus, andCompanions, of Africa

BB. CC. c. 483 (Sept. 6). Bishopsof the province of Byzacene,banished by Huneric to Corsica.

Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus.

St. Donatus of ArezzoB.M. 362 (Aug. 7). Holdingsword and palm. (Ikon.) Treestruck by Ughtning behind him.(Attrib. der Heil.) Freeing awell from a dragon. [Der Heyl.Leb.) In armour, weU near,

holding crosier. [Window, Ket-teringham.) Reading in cave.

(Callot.) On horseback, threaten-

ing dragon with crosier. (Cahier.)

Butler.

St. Donatus of EvroeaB. c. 387 (Apr. 30). WasBishop of Chamaezephyra anda contemporary of St. Donatusof Arezzo, with whom he hassometimes been confused. Gk.Men. and Rom. Mart., Sozomen.

St. Donatus, orDonatian, of Fiesole

B.C. c. 874 (Oct. 22). Irish

wolfhound at foot. (Altar

Cath., Fiesole.) Butler, Rom.Mart., Colgan.

St. Donatus ofMunstereifel

M. (June 30). Venerated in thediocese of Cologne. Holding apalm branch ; church struckby lightning near him. (Baring-Gould.)

St. DonatusM. One of the twelve brothers(Sept. i), q.v.

St. DonatusM. Companion of St. Placidus(Oct. 5), q.v.

St. Donevaldus. SeeSt. Donald

(July 15)-

St. DonulusM. One of the Seven FranciscanMartyrs (Oct. 13), q.v.

36

St. Dorbhene Fada713 (Oct. 28). Abbot of lona,

he was descended from Loam,uncle of St. Columba. Celt,

and Scot. Marts.

St. Dorotheus the

Theban of EgyptH. c. 380 (June 5). Living as a

recluse on the road from Nitria

to Alexandria, he was noted

for his austerity. Butler, Pal-

ladius, Sozomen, Gk. Men.

St. Dorotheus of TyreB.M. 362 (Junes). Beaten withclubs. (An old Greek Menologyat the Vatican.) Scourge in his

hand. (Ikon.) Butler, Gk. Men.,Rom. and Russ. Marts.

SS. Dorotheus andGorgonius ofJSTicomediaMM. 303 (Sept. 9 and Mar. 12).

Two of&cials in the palace of

Diocletian, who, with one Peter,

a woman named Maxima, andMigdo, a priest, were tortured

and strangled for the faith.

Butler, Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuar-

dus, Eusebius.

St. Dorothy ofCappadocia

M. c. 303 (Feb. 6). Roses in

her lap, posy in hand. (Siena

Acad.) Crown of roses, basketof roses before her. ^(/. Melem.Boisseree Gal.) Holding paJm,roses and apples from Paradise.

(Vandyck.) With fruit andflowers. (Roodscreen, N. Elm-ham.) Tail bunch of flowers.

(Roodscreen, Trimingham.) An-gel bringing her fruit. (Darm-stadt Gal. ) Floral wreath in onehand, palm in other. (Solitaire.)

Child presenting basket of three

apples and three roses. (Primer,

1516.) Tied to a stake, side

burned with a torch. (Callot.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Dositheus ofPalestine

Mk. c. 530 (Feb. 23). Page to

an officer in the army, he wasconverted and entered the mon-astery of St. Serides. PeterCalesinus and Ferrarius.

St. Dotto of OrkneyAb. 6th cent. (Apr. 9). Founderand first abbot of a great mon-astery in the Orkney Islands.

Butler, Donald Monroe.

St. Drausius, orDrausinus, of Soissons

B. Late 7th cent. (Mar. 5).

Pupil and successor to St.

Anseric, Bishop of Soissons.

St. Droctoveus ofSt. Germain

Ab. c. 576 (Mar. 10). Of Bur-gundian birth, he was a pupilof St. Germain at Autun, suc-

ceeding him as abbot of the

PLATE [I,

ST. T.ATIRF^NCR. D.M. ST. Dr'NSTAN. Ah p.

XV, Century Window, Trullchurch,

Somerset,

XV Century Window, Ludlo\

Saints and their Emblemsmonastery of SS. Cross andVincent, afterwards St. Ger-main des Prds. Butler, Rom.and Gall Maris., Usuardus,Maurolycus and MabiUon.

St. Drogo, or Druon, ofYalenciennes

H. 1186 (Apr. 16). Tendingsheep. [Attrib. der Heil)Butler, Rom. Mari., Molanus,Papebroke.

St. Droseri. SeeSt. Desiderius

(May 23).

St. Drostau of ScotlandAb. C. c. 809 (July 11). Anephew and pupil of St.

Columba, he foimded chiirchesin Glen esk and at Kildrostan,near El-gin. Butler, Dempster,Wilson, Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Drotte. SeeSt. Droctoveus

(Mar 10).

St. Drugo. SeeSt. Drogo

(Apr. 16).

St. Dubricius of WalesAbp. C. 524 (Nov. 14). Holdingin his left hand two crosiers

and an archiepiscopal cross.

(Dugd. G. II., Ash. Mus.,Oxford.) Butler, Alford, Leland,

A Life by Benedict of Gloucester.

St. Dubtach of Ireland513 (Oct. 7). Archbishop of

Armagh.

St. Dula of NicomediaV.M. n.d] (Mar. 25). Servant

to a soldier, who murdered her.

Rom. and most ancient Western

Marts.

St. Dulas of CiliciaM. Early 4th cent. (June 15).

A native of Zephsninum, tor-

tured to death by the prefect,

Maximus. Gk. Men. and Rom.Mart.

St. DulcissimusM. Companion of St. Romulus

(July 6), q.v.

St. Dumhade of

IrelandAb. 717 (May 25). Abbot of St.

Columbkai's great monastery,

he is the titular saint of Kill-

clocair, co. Armagh.

St. Dunstan of Canter-

buryAbp. 988 (May 19). Seizing

devil with pincers. (Window,

Bodleian Lib., Oxford; Rood-

screen, Gt. Plumstead.) Kneeling

before Christ. {Picture in Bod-

leian Oxford Hist. Angl. Serift.,

1647. ) Dove hovering nearmm.{Saxon, MS., Claud Brit. Mus.)

At an altar, dove at his ear.

{Old engraving.) Troop of angels

before him. {Ikon.) Pla3dng onharp. {Lives of Saints by F.

Porter.) Crucifix speaking to

him. (Ibid.) All Martyrologies.

St. Duthac of Scotlandd. 1253 (Mar. 8). Of illustrious

Scottish family, he becamebishop of Ross. Butler, Aberdeen

Breviary, Leslie, Dempster.

St. Duvian. SeeSt. Decuman

(Aug. 27).

St. Duynwen. SeeSt. Thenew

(July 18).

St. Dwywan. SeeSt. Decuman

(Aug. 27).

St. Dyfrig. SeeSt. Dubricius

(Nov. 14).

SS. Dymphna, orGenebern, of Grheel

V.P. MM. c. 650 (May 15).

St. Dymphna beheaded by tiie

King, her father. {Callot.)

Sword in hand, piercing the

devil. {Old engraving.) Leadingthe devil boimd. {Atirib. der

Heil.) At Mass, her father

denouncing the priest. {Soli-

tudo.) Praying in a cloud sur-

rounded by a group of lunatics,

bound with golden chains.

{Altar-piece at Gheel.) Butler,

Rom. and Belg. Marts.

St. Eadbert of Lindis-

farneB. 698 (May 6). Successor to

St. Cuthbert in the see of Lin-

disfame. He is sometimes con-

fused with St. Egbert of lona(Apr. 24), q.v. Rom. and Eng.

Marts., Bede.

St. Eadburge of KentAbs. 751 (Dec. 12). Foimdress

of a church in honour of SS.

Peter and Paul at Menstrey

in the Isle of Thanet, into whichshe caused to be translated

the body of her predecessor, St.

Mildred (Feb. 20), q.v. Butter,

Capgrave, Thorne.

St. Eadgithe. See

St. Editha(Sept. 16).

St. Eanswide of

FolkestoneV. Abs. c. 650 (Aug. 31 and

Sept. 12). Two fishes on a half

hoop. {Corp. seal, Folkestone.)

Crown, crosier and book, a fish

on either side of her. {Mayor-

alty seal, Folkestone.) Standing

on a fish ; holding staff and

palm. {Ivory Panel. British

Mus.) Butler, Capgrave, Harps-

field, Alford, Wilson (on Sept.

12), Wyon, Menardus and the

BoUandists (on Aug. 31).

87

St. Earcongotha ofFaremoutier

V. Abs. c. 670 (Feb. 23).

Daughter of Ercombert, King of

Kent and a nun in the Frenchcommunity at Faremoutier.

Bede, Bene. Mart.

St. Easterwin of

WearmouthAb. 785 (Mar. 7). Nephew andcoadjutor of St. Benedict Biscop

(Jan. 12), q.v. Montalembert s

Life of St. Benedict Biscop.

St. Eata of HexhamB. 685 (Oct. 26). First abbotof Mehose, he was consecrated

first bishop of Hexham, whenthe see was divided from that

of York. Dempster (on May 7),

Menardus, Bede.

St. Ebba, first Abbess of

ColdinghamV. 683 (Aug. 25). Holding aknife. {Cahier.) Butler, Wilson,

Whitford, Bede.

St. Ebba of Coldingham,Abs., and CompanionsMM. c. 874 (Apr. 2). Attackedin her abbey by Danes, she andhermmsmutilated their features

before falling into the hands of

the pirates. She is not to beconfused with St. Ebba, foun-

dress of Coldiagham Abbey(Aug. 25), q.v. Butler, Matthew

of Westminster, Baronius.

St. Eberhardt ofAustria1164 (June 22). Archbishop of

Salzburg.

Bl. Eberhardt ofSchaflfhausen

Mk. nth cent. (Apr. 7). Sonof Eppo, Count of Nelburg andgrandson of St. Stephen, Kingof Hungary, he founded the

Benedictine abbey at Schaff-

hausen.

St. Eberhardus. SeeSt. Erhard

(Feb. 9).

St. Ebrulfus of

NormandyAb. C. 596 pec. 29). Bom at

Bayeux of good family, hefounded the monastery of

Ouche, endowed by KingCluldebert. Butler, Bulteau,

Mabillon, Guillaume of Gem-blours, Rom., Gall and Bene.

Marts.

St. Ecian, or Echenus,of Ireland

B.C. c. 577 (Feb. II). Ploughdrawn by stags. {Ikon.)

St. Edana, orSt. Edaene,of Ireland

V. (July 5). Titular saint of

the parish of New Tuamia in

Saints and their Rmblemsthe diocese of Elphin and of

another in that of Tuam. But-ler, Colgan.

St. Edanus. SeeSt. Modoc

(Sept. 7).

St. Edburge ofWinchester

V. c. 680 Pec. 21). Daughterof Kiag Edward the Elder, she

died a nun, and was buried at

St. Mary's, Winchester. Butler,

Leland, Willium of Malmesbury.

St. Edburge. SeeSt. Idaberga

(June 20).

St. Edelburga. SeeSt. Ethelburga

(July 7)-

St. EdelburgeV. Abs. 625 (July 7). Holdinginstruments of the Passion.

[Callot.)

St. Edelwald. SeeEthelwold

(Mar. 23).

St. Edesius ofAlexandria

M. 304 (Apr. 8). Her legs andfeet Wrapped in burning cloths.

(Gueffier.) Butler, Eusebius.

St. Edgar, K. of

England975 (July 8). King of Mercia,

he was chosen King of all

England on the death of his

brother Edwy, in 959. Bede,

Wm. of Malmesbury, Anglican

Marts, (on May 24 and June 8).

St. Edimund. See

St. Osmund(Dec. 4).

St. Edith of Aylesbury(Sept. 16). Daughter to Earl

Fewald, she died a nun at

Aylesbury. Butler.

St. Edith of PolesworthAbs. c. 964 .(Sept. 16 or July 15).

She was probably a sister of

Athelstan, who married her to

Sithric, the Danish King of

Northumbria. After her

husband's death she is said to

have become abbess of Poles-

worth in Warwickshire. She

is sometimes confused with SS.

Edith of Wilton and Aylesbury,

q.v. Baring-Gould, Matthew

of Westminster, Florence of

Worcester.

St. Edith of WiltonV. 984 (Sept. 16). Nun with

royal insignia washing beggar's

feet. {Ikon.) Butler, Capgrave,

Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom,

Mart., Sarum Kalendar and

Breviary.

St. Edmund of BurySt. Edmunds

870 (Nov. 20). Pierced witharrows. {Roodscreen, N. Wal-sham; Diptych in poss. Earl of

Pembroke.) Arrows in hand.

(Roodscreen, Ludham ; Rood-

screen and font, Stalham; Pulpit,

Hempstead; Window, N. Tttd-

denham.) Kneeling, holding upa quiver of arrows to heaven.

{Window, Saxlingham Ch.)

Arrow and globe. (Chest, DentonCh.) Arrow and sceptre.

(Screen, Barton ; Roodscreen,

Rackheath ; Roodscreen, Trim-ingham.) Two arrows andsceptre. (Fresco, WhaddonChurch ; Font, Taverham.)

Arrows and cord. (Brooke.)

Wolf guarding his body. (Callot.

)

Bound to tree pierced with

arrows. (Font, Conley.) Bearseated by him. (Burgmaier.)

Butler, Rom. Mart., Nother,

Wandelbert, Surius.

St. Edmund of Canter-bury

Abp. C. 1242 (Nov. 16). Mak-ing a vow before an image of the

B.V.M. (Callot.) The Infant

Christ appearing to him. (Ibid.)

St. Thomas of Canterburyappearing to him. (Gueffier.)

Child Ij^g at his feet. (Cahier.)

B.V.M. giving him a ring, or

the saint placing a ring on her

hand. (Ibid.) Butler, Rom. andGall. Marts.

St.Edus. iS^ee St. Modoc(Sept. 7).

St. Edwald. See

St. Ewald(Oct. 3).

St. Edward of EnglandK.M. 979 (Mar. 18). In royal

robes, holding a cup. (Rood-

screen, Burlingham St. Andrew.)Stabbed on horseback. (Callot

and F. Porter.) Between twomen with swords, one stabbing

him in the shoulder. (Old

engraving.) Holding daggerand cup. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Dagger and sceptre. Daggerand falcon. (Roodscreen, Trim-ingham.) Short sword. (Chest,

Denton; Font, St. James, Nor-wich; Font, All Saints, Nor-wich.) Cup and serpent. (Burg-

maier.) Butler, Eng. Kalendar,

Rom. Mart.

St. Edward the Con-fessor of Westminster

K.C. 1066 (Jan. 5 and Oct. 13).

Giving a sealed scroU to akneeling cleric. (Window, Great

Malvern.) Giving his ring to St.

John, disguised as a beggar.

(XV. cent, window, Ludlow.)

As a king, holding sceptre andring. (XV. cent, window, Win-tringham and many other in-

88

stances.) Sceptre, ring andpurse. (Roodscreen, Burlingham

St. Andrew.) Giving ring to twopilgrims. (Window, St. Laur-

ence, Ludlow.) Carrying a sick

man. (Attrib. der Heil.) Hold-

ing St. John's Gospel. Crownedby two bishops. (Passionael.)

Butler, Florence of Worcester,

Wm. of Malmesbury, Matthew

of Westminster, Rom. Mart.

St. Edwin, K. of

NorthumbriaM. 633 (Oct. 4). Son of Alia,

King of Deira, converted andbaptized at York in 627, he waskilled in battle against Penda,

K. of Mercia, and CadWallo of

Wales. Butler, Wilson, Bede,

Alford, Wm. of Malmesbury.

Bl. Eelko Liaukaman of

HollandAb. 1332 (Mar. 22). Shaking

roses out of his vestments.

(Baring - Gould.

)

Norbertine

Mart.

St. Efeso. SeeSt. Ephesus

(Jan. 15).

St. Efflam of Plestin in

BrittanyC. 6th cent. (Nov. 6). In royal

robes, treading on a dragon.

(Baring-GouldJ) Lobinean Gall.

Marts.

St. Egbert of lonaP. Mk. C. 729 (Apr. 24). Withchalice and Host. (Cahier.)

Preaching to monks. (Ibid.)

Ang. Mart. Bede.

St. Egbin. SeeSt. Ethbin

(Oct. 19).

St. Egwin of WorcesterB.C. 717 (Jan. 11). Fish withkey in its mouth. (Cahier, andon an ampulla found in the

Ribble.) Butler, St. Britwald,

Matthew of Westminster, F. of

Worcester, Ang. Mart.

St. Ehrenfried1025 (May 21). Count Palatine

and father of Queen Richeza of

Poland.

St. Einbetta, and Com-panions, of Strasburg

VV. (Sept. 16). Companions of

St. Ursula of Cologne (Oct. 21),

left behind her at Strasburg.

St. Eingan. SeeSt. Eneon

(Apr. 21).

St. Einne. SeeSt. Enda

(Mar. 21).

St. Elchut. SeeSt. Iltutus

(Nov. 6).

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Eldad. SeeSt. Aldate

(June 14).

St. Eldrad of Italy871 (Mar. 13). An abbot of

Novalese.

St. Elaphius of Chalons-sur-Marne

B. 580. Son of a noble namedLeo, of Limoges, he was sum-moned by Sigebert, K. of

Austrasia, to occupy the see of

Chalons. St. Gregory of Tours.

St. Elesbaan of

AbyssiniaK.C. c. 530 (Oct. 27). As Kingof Ethiopia gaining a victory.

{Icon. Sand.) Praying before

a cross, his crown on the ground.{Cahier.) Butler, Baring-Gould,

Mod. Rom. and AbyssinianMarts.

St. Elesmo. SeeSt. Adelelm

(Jan. 30).

St. Eleucodius ofEmilia

112 (Feb. 14). Bishop of

Raveima.

St. EleusippusM. Brother and companion of

St. Spensippus (Jan. 17), q.v.

St. Eleutherius ofNicomedia

M. 303 (Oct. 2). A Christian

soldier accused of firing Domi-tian's palace and executed. Rom.Mart., Ado, Notker, Usuardus.

SS. Eleutherius, B., andAntia, Matr. of ReatiMM. c. 135 (Apr. 18). The so-

caUed Acts of St. Eleutherius

and St. Anti his mother are a

forgery, and the very existence

of the saints is problematical.

L'Abbe Guerin and Pere Giry,

however, give their martjrrdom

in detail. St. Jerome and Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Eleutherius ofRomePo. M. c. 192 (May 26). AGrecian by birth and deacon of

the Church of Rome under St.

Anicetus, he succeeded St. Soter

in the pontificate. Butler,

Eusebius, Tillemont.

St. Eleutherius of

SpoletoAb. c. 585 (Sept. 6). Possessed

boy brought to him. {Callot.)

Raising boy to life. [Icon.

Sana.) Praying over possessed

boy. {Gueffier.) Butler.

St. Eleutherius of

TarsicaM. c. 308 (Aug. 4). A chamber-

lain to the Emperor Maximilian,

beheaded for the faith. Rom.

Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Eleutherius ofTournai

B.M. 531 (Feb. 20). Holdinga scourge. {Cahier.) Heatedoven. {Ikon.) Angel freeing

him from stripes. {Attrib. derHeil.) Holding model of church.{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Mart.,Usuardus, Molanus.

St. EleutheriusM. Companion of St. Dionysius(Oct. 9), q.v.

St. Elfgyva of Shaftes-bury

Q. of England. 971 (May 3 and18). Queen to Edmund theMagnificent and mother of Edwyand St. Edgar, she retired tothe convent of Shaftesbury after

K. Edmund's death. Wm. ofMalmesbury, Florence of Wor-cester, Roger of Horedon, Ang.Mart.

St. Elfleda of Glaston-buryW. loth cent. (Oct. 23). Akinswoman of K. Athelstan andfriend of St. Dunstan. Usuardus,Alford (on April 13 and 14).

St. Elfleda of RomseyV. Abs. c. 1030 (Oct. 29). Adaughter of Ethelwold, a friend

of K. Edgar, by whom she wassent to Romsey Abbey after

her father's death. She suc-

ceeded Elwina as abbess of

Romsey. Capgrave, Mayhew,Menardus and Challoner,

Wilson (on Jan. 20 and Oct.

28).

St. Elfleda of WhitbyV. Abs. 716 (Feb. 8). Daughterof Oswy, K. of Northumbria,she succeeded St. Hilda as

Abbess of Whitby. Holdingchurch and abbess' staff. (£w-graving.) Menardus, Ferrarius,

Bede and Wm. of Malmesbury.

St. Elias, and Com-panions, of CaesareaMM. 309 (Feb. 16). Egyptianstortured and martyred by the

governor, Firmihan. Butler,

Rom. Mart., Eusebius.

St. Elias of JerusalemB. Companion of St. Flavian

(July 4), q.v.

St. EliasP.M. Companion of St. Peleus

(Sept. 19), q.v.

St. Elier. See

St. Helerus(July 16).

St. Eligius, or Eloi, ofNoyon

B.C. 659 or 665 Pec. 1).

Horseshoe in right hand. {Hen.

VII. Chap., Westminster.)

Hammer and crosier in hands.

89

{Roodscreen, Potter Heigham.) Asbishop, hammer in one hand,shod horse's leg in other.

{Roodscreen, Hempstead.) Fetters

on his legs. {Cahier.) Fountainprocured by him. {Ibid.) Work-ing as a goldsmith. {Callot.)

Bishop with chaUce andhammer.{Molanus.) Bishop with saddle

near him. {Der Heyl. Leb.)

In armour with plumed cap,

holding sword, hammer andanvil, lion at feet. {Window,Stoke Pogis.) Forging a horse-

shoe. {Attrib. der Heil.) Anvil,

hammer and crown on it. {DeLeuens der Heyl.) Standingat anvil. {Florence Acad., Botti-

celli.) Angel bringing him gold.

{Pilgrim's token.) Mitred, crosier

in left hand, hammer in right.

{Seal of Paris Goldsmiths.) Pre-

senting a shrine to King Dago-bert. {Belli Arti, Florence.)


Surius, Fleury, Rivett, etc.

StElin. >S'ee St. Helena(July 31).

St. Elizabeth1st cent. (Nov. 5). Holdinginfant St. John. {Roodscreen,

Houghton le Dale.) SalutingB.V.M. {Roodscreen, Gately.)

'Dying in desert, angels feedingher child. {Solitude.)

St. Elizabeth ofHungary

W.Q. 1231 (Nov. 19). Crowned,holding two crowns. {XVI. cent,

window, Antwerp Cath.) Givingclothing to crippled child.

{Munich Gal. , Holbein. ) Doublecrown in herhand. {MS. Hours.

)

Double crown on a book, givingalms. {Tab. de la Croix.)

Triple crown in her hand.{Roodscreen, Torbryan.) Withthree crowns. {Molanus.)Crowned, holding a church.{Statue, Marburg Cath.) Basketof bread, flagon of wine. {Ikon.)

Holding basket of roses, threein her hand. {Window, VincentCollection.) Roses in her robe.{Fra Angelico.) Rose andsceptre. {XV. cent, window,Ludlow.) Crowned, holding twocrowns, giving alms to a beggarkneeling at her feet. {XVI. cent,

window.) All Mariyrologies.

Bl. Elizabeth ofHungary

V. 1338 (May 6). Daughter ofAndrew of Venice, who becameKing of Hungary in 1297, andgrandniece of St. Elizabeth ofHungary, she died in the mon-astery of Toss.

St. Elizabeth ofPortugal

Q- 1336 (July 8). Carrying roses

in her lap in winter. {Callot.)

As a nun of the third order of St.

Francis. {Attrib. der Heil.) A

Saints and their Emblemsbeggar near her. (JfeM.) Arose in her hand. Large jugin her hand. (Cahier.) Butler,

fanning the Bollandist, etc.

St. Elizabeth ofSchonau

V. Abs. 1165 (June 18). Tramp-ling on a dragon. Butler, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Elmo. SeeSt. Adelelm

(Jan. 30).

St. Elmo. See St PeterGonzales

(Apr. 15).

St. Elmo. SeeSt. Erasmus

(June 2).

St. Eloy. SeeSt. Eligius

Pec. I).

St. Elphege. See

St. Alphege(Apr. 19).

St. Elpidius of AnconaAb. c. 450 (Sept. 2). Vine in

leaf, in winter. {Icon. Sanct.)

St. Elpidius and Com-panionsMM. c. 362 (Nov. 16). Ofsenatorial rank, they are said

to have been dragged at the

tails of wild horses. The place

of martyrdom is not known andthe accounts do not agree as to

date.

SS. Elvan, B., and Myd-wyn, C, of Glastonbury

c. 198 (Jan. i). Dispatched byKing Lucius of Britain on anembassy to Pope Eleutherius

in 179, St. Elvan was con-

secrated bishop and Mydwynteacher. St. Elvan later becamefirst Archbishop of London, andboth saints were buried at

Avalon. Ferrarius, Matthew of

Westminster, Geoffrey of Mon-mouth, Ang. Mart.

St. ElwynCompanion of St. la (Oct. 27),

q.v.

St. Elyned. See

St. Almedha(Aug. I).

St, Elzear of Apt,Count of Ariano

1323 (Sept. 27). Knotted cord

and lily ; coronet at his feet.

(Callof.) Small cross in hand.

(Cahier.) Butler, Surius, Rom.,

Gall, and Franciscan Marts.

St. Embert of Hainaultc. 700 (Jan. 15). Bishop of

Cambrai.

St. Emerentiana ofRomeV.M. 304 (Jan. 23). Foster-

sister of St. Agnes. Stones in

her lap. {Tab. de la Croix.)

Butler, St. Jerome, Bede, etc.

St. Emeric of AlbaRegia (Hungary)

C. 1032 (Nov. 4). B.V.M. andInfant appearing to him. {Burg-

maier.)

St. EmeritaV.M. c. 256. Companion of

St. Digna (Sept. 22), q.v. Torchand sceptre. {Lib. Cronicarum.)Tom with iron hooks. (Cahier.)

SS. Emetherius andChelidonius of NavarreMM. (Mar. 3). Roman soldiers

put to the sword at Calahorraon the Ebro. Butler, the

Mozarabic, Evora and ToledoBreviaries, all Rom. Marts.

St. EmidianAb. c. 560 Minding cattle.

(Cahier.)

St. EmidiusB.C. Baptizing St. Polisia.

(Cahier.)

St. Emilian ofS. EmilionH. 767 (Nov. 16). A boar nearhim. (Ikon.) Gall. Marts.

St. Emilian of SpainAb. C. 574 (Nov. 12). In armouron horseback. (Cahier.)

SS. Emilian, B., andHilarion, Mk., of Treviin UmbriaMM. 303 (Jan. 28). St. EmiUanwith sword, beam near him.(Attrib. der Heil.) St. Emilianthrown into a cauldron of

boiling lead. (Cahier.)

St. EmilianaV. Companion of St. Tarssilla

Pec. 24), q.v., and aimt of St.

Gregory the Great.

SS. Emilias, D., andJeremias of CordovaMM. 852 (Sept. 15). Pupils in

the Basilica of St. Cjrprian, putto the sword by Moslems. Rom.and Spn. Marts.

St. EmiliusM. Companion of St. Castus(May 22), q.v.

St. EmillianM. Companion of St. Antonia(Apr. 29), q.v.

St. Emma of CarinthiaW. 1043 (June 29 and 30).Daughter of Count Engelbertof Peillenstein, she founded adoubtle monastery of Bene-dictines at Gurk. Butler, Pape-broke.

40

St. EmmeliaWife of St. Basil (May 30), q.v.

St. Emmeran of

RatisbonM. c. 652 (Sept. 22). Woundedon the back with lance. (Attrib.

der Heil.) Wounded with lance

and beheaded. (Der Heyl.

Leb.) With a ladder. (GermanMS. book, 1530.) His hands andfeet chopped off. (Passionael.)

Butler, Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Emygdius of AscoliB.M. 303 (Aug. 5). Holdingmodel of the town of Ascoli.

(Cahier.)

St. Encratia, orEncratida, of Sargossa

V.M. 304 (Apr. 16). Tied to awheel ; breasts cut off ; heart

torn out. (Gueffi^.) Nailed

through the forehead to a stake.

(Cahier.) Crowned by an angel

after martyrdom. (Ibid.) Ado,Notker, Rom., Spn. and Port.

Marts.

St. Enda, or Endeus,of Aran-More

Ab. c. 540 (Mar. 21). Only sonof Conall, King of ErgaU, andbrother of SS. Libens andFanchia, he founded ten monas-teries on Irish More in the ArranIslands. Butler, Colgan andCelt. Marts.

St. Eneon of WalesH.C. c. 590 (Apr. 21). A Scot-

tish chieftain who retired into

North Wales and built a churchat Lh3m, near Bangor. Butler,

Powers History of Wales, Brown-Willis' Survey of Bangor.

St. Engbracht. SeeSt. Engelbert

(Nov. 7).

St. Engelbert ofCologne

Abp. M. 1225 (Nov. 7). InarchiepiscopaJ vestments (his

tomb in the Chapel of the ThreeKings at Cologne). Crosier in

his right hand, upraised swordtransfixing a crescent moon in

his left. (Stained glass, GrosvenorThomas Collection.) Rom. andGer. Marts.

St. Engelmund ofVelsen (Holland)

p. 8th cent. (June 21). Causinga fountain to spring up. (Cahier.)

The Haarlem Breviary.

St. Engelram ofLorraine

1291 (Oct. 28). A bishop of

Metz.

St. Englat of TarvesAb. 966 (Nov. 3). No details

of this saint's life are known.

Besides references given bythe authorities below, a welland ford in his native villagebear his local name of St.

Tanglan. Adam King, AberdeenBreviary, Dempster.

St. Eugratia. SeeSt. Encratia

(Apr. i6).

St. Enoch. SeeSt. Thenew

(Jtdy i8).

St. Enna. See St. Enda(Mar. 2i).

St. Ennodius of PaviaB. 521 (July 17). Married, andof illustrious family in Gaul, heembraced celibacy and tookdeacon's orders under St.

Epiphanius of Pavia, whom hesucceeded in the see. Butler,

Mod. Rom. Mart.

Bl. Enrichus de SusoC. 1365 (Sept. 5). Dominican

;

a large gold cross, crowned, onhis breast. {Predella, Angelico

da Fiesoli.)

St. Eogain of ArdstrawB. c. 558 (Aug. 23). Of Irish

birth, he was captured bypirates in childhood and takento Britain with St. Tigemach.Released there, he was again

captured and sold into slavery

in Brittany. Later, returning

to Ireland, he founded the

monastery of Ardstraw andbecame bishop. Celt. Marts.

St. Eogain. SeeSt. Eugenius

(Aug. 23).

St. Epaenetusc. 60 (July

15J.A disciple of

St. Paul, who, it is claimed, wasBishopof Saximumum in Spain.

St. Epaphras of PhrygiaB.MT 1st cent. (July 19). Afellow-labourer with St. Paul,

said to have been Bishop of

ColossEe. Rom. Mart., Col. i. 7

St. Eparchius of

Angoul^meP. Mk. 581 (July i). Bom at

Perigord, of noble parents, he

entered the monastery of

Sedaciae, later founding the

Abbey of St. Cybard, near

Angouleme. Usuardus, Mod.


St. Eparcus. See

St. Cybar(July I)-

St. Ephesus of PisaM. c. 350 (Jan. 15). In blue

robe embroidered with stars,

kneeling unharmed in a fiery

furnace, from which flames

destroyhis executioners. {Fresco,

Campo Santo, Pisa.} As a

Saints and their Emblemswarrior, receiving from St.

Michael a white standard withred cross. {Fresco, SpinelloAretino, Campo Santo, Pisa.)Mrs Jameson.

St. Ephrem the Syrianof Edessa

Dr.C. c. 378 (Feb. i and July 9).Pillar of hght before him. (Soli-

tudo.) Laid out for burial.

{Gk. painting, Vatican.) Writ-ing in book, rosary over wrist,scomrge at feet. {Print byRomney, Butler.) Rom. Mart.(on Feb. i), Butler, Bede,Palladius, Theodoret, Sozomen,etc. (on July 9).

St. Ephysius of CagliariM. 3rd cent. (Jan. 15). Crossappearing to him. (Cahier.)

Appearing in sky over a fleet

threatening Caghari. {Ibid.)

St. EpimachusM. Companion of St. Gordian(May 10), q.v. Holding a nail.

{Attrib. der Heil.)

SS. Epimarchus andAlexander ofAlexandria

MM. c. 250 (Dec. 12). Burntto death. {Icon. Sanct.)

Cut with razors. {Gueffier.)

Chains in hand, flames behindhim. {Aniechap., Mag. Coll.,

Oxon.) Rom. Mart., Eusebius.

St. Epiphanius of

SalamisAbp. C. c. 403 (May 12). Bomat Eleutheropolis, he becamea disciple of St. Hilarion, anddied, on his return, from a dis-

pute with St. Chiysostom re-

specting Origenism. Butler, Gk.

Men., Russ. Kalendar, Rom.Mart., Ado, Bede, Usuardus, etc.

St. Epiphanus ofPavia

B. 497 (Jan. 21). Exorcising

a woman. {Callot.) Butler,

Ennodius, Bollandus andMarroni.

SS. Epipodius andAlexander of Lyons

MM. 177 (Apr. 22). Twostudents of good family tor-

tured to death at Lyons. St.

Epipodius was racked and be-

headed. Butler, St. Gregory of

Tours, Ruinart, etc.

St. EpistimeM. Companion of St. Galactic

(Nov. 5), q.v. 1

St. Eppalets. See

St. Hippolytus(Feb. 3).

St. Equitius of

AbruzzoAb. 540 (Aug. 11). When alayman, his austerity and sanc-

tity gained him a dispensation

41

from the Pope to preach in theprovince of Valeria. He after-

wards founded and ruled theconvents of nuns, and his relics

arein the Church of St. Laurencein Aquila. Butler, St. Gregory

of Tours.

St. ErasmaV.M. Companion of St. Serapia

(Sept. 3), q.v.

St. Erasmus, or Eramo,of Gaeta

B.M. c. 303 (June 2). Windlassin his hand, bowel wound roundit. {Roodscreen, Hempstead.)Windlass, as above, at his feet.

{St. Michael's at Plea, Norwich.)

Windlass in hand. {Font,

Buckenham ; Window, Sand-ringham.) Executionerswindinghis bowel round a windlass.

{Sculpture, Norwich Museum.)As the last, but naked and tied

to a tree ; two executioners.

{Sculpture at Leffe, nearDinant.)

Bowels roimd a windlass, before

a statue of Hercules. {Pietro

Valentini, Vatican.) Bowels ona gridiron. {Bonn Cathedral.)

Hung up by the hands and torn

with a three-pronged hook.

{Caspar Crayer.) Crown broughthim by a bird whilst in prison.

{Gueffier.) Hot cuirass put uponhim. {Callot.) Windlass nearhim. {Ibid.) Melted lead pouredover him. {Old etching.) Boiling

cauldron behind him. {Old

engraving.) Raven bringing himbread. {Cahier.) Ado, Notker,

Hrabanus, Rom. Mart.

St. Erasmus, or Elme, of

SyriaB.M. 4th cent. (Nov. 25). Afugitive on Mt. Libanus, prob-

ably martyred in the licinian

persecution. Butler, Rom. andRuss. Marts.

St. Erastus1st cent. (July 26). Possibly adeaconwith St. Paul at Ephesus.{Acts xix. 22 and 2 Tim. Hi. 20.)

Or possibly one of the early con-

verts who was pubUc treasurer

at Corinth. {Rom. xvi. 23 andActs xviii. 2). Rom. Mart.,

Ado and Usuardus.

St. Ere of SlaneB. 513 (Nov. 2). A friend of

SS. Patrick and Bridget, con-

secrated Bishop of Slane c. 465.

Celt. Marts, (also on Oct. 2).

St. Erembert ofGascony

c. 690 (May 14). A bishop of

Toulouse, who went into retire-

ment as a monk at Fontenelle.

St. Erembert ofHanover

c. 800 (July 9). Bishop of

Minden.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Erentrude ofSalzburg

V. Abs. c. 718 (June 30). Cruci-

fix and inflamed heart appear-

ing to her. {Burgmaier.) Churchin her hand. (Cahier.)

St. Ergoule. SeeSt. Gudule

(Jan. 8).

St. ErhardB.M. (Jan. 8). Baptizing St.

Odila at font. (Bilder Legende.)

With an axe. (Ikon.) Sur-

rounded by cripples. {Cahier.)

St. Erhard of RatisbouAb. C. d. 753 (Feb. 9). KneeUngamongst sheep. (Cahier.) But-

ler, Merssaeus.

St. Eric of SwedenK.M. 1151 (May 18). Fountainwhere his blood fell. (Cahier.)

King in armour, holding abanner charged with three

crowns, two and one. (Pas-

sionael.) Butler, Scheffer, Hen-scheniusyRom. and Scand. Marts.

St. Erkembode742 (Apr. 12). Bishop of

Therouanne.

St. Erkonwold ofLondon

B. 693 (Apr. 30). Brother of

St. Ethelburga, for whom hefounded the convent of Barkiag.

Bede, Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom.Mart., Salisbury Missal.

St. Erlulph of YerdunB.M. 830 (Feb. 10). A Scottish

missionary to Germany, slain

by infidels at Eppokstorp.Butler, Krantzius.

St. Ermelind of BrabantV. c. 580 (Oct. 29 or Feb. 3).

Angels round her corpse.

(Cahier.) Expelling a devU froma man's mouth. (Baring-Gould.)

Belg. Maris.

St. Ermengold of Spain1035 (Nov. 3). Bishop of Urgel.

St. Ermenilda of ElyQ. Abs. c. 700 (Feb. 13).

Daughter of Sexburga, Q. of

Kent and mother of St. Were-burga. Abbess' staff and book,

crown at feet. (Engraving.)

Wytford, Maurolycus, Ferrarius,

Canisius, etc.

St. Ermine of HainaultB. Ab. 737 (Apr. 25). Bom at

Erclie, near Laon, he succeeded

St. Ursmar as Abbot of Lobbes.


St. Erminold of

RatisbonAb. M. c. 1121 (Jan. 6). Thefirst Abbot of Prufening, near

Ratisbon, where he was stabbed

by one of his monks. Ger. Mart.

St. Ermo. SeeSt. Erasmus

(June 2).

St. Ernan of DrumhomeMk. 640 (Dec. 22). A nephewof St. Colomba, whom he joined

in his mission to the Picts andScots. On his return he retired

to the monastery of Drum-holme in Donegal. Dempster,

King, Aberdeen Breviary (on

above date) ; Celt. Marts, (on

Jan. I.

St. Ernan of Rathmew634 (Aug. 18). A serving-boy

in the monastery of Clonmac-nois. Life of St. Columba.

St. ErnestM. 1148 (N.D.). His bowels

fastened to a stake. (Cahier.)

St. Errew. See

St. Maelrubha(Aug. 27).

St. Erthad. SeeSt. Yarcard

(Aug. 24).

St. Eskill of Strengnas(Sweden)

B.M. nth cent. (June 12).

Chaplain to St. Sigfried of Yorkon Ms mission to the Swedes, hewas stoned to death beside LakeMalar. Swedish Kalendar.

St. Ethbin of IrelandC. c. 625 (Oct. 19). Carrying

Our Lord disguised as a poorleper. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom.and Gall. Marts.

St. Ethelbert ofE. Anglia

K.M. 793 (May 20). Son of

Ethelred, K. of the East Angles,

he was murdered by order of

K. Ofta. Butler, Cologne, Lubeckand Anglican Marts., Matthewof Westminster, Florence of Wor-cester, Wm. of Malmesbury, etc.

St. Ethelbert of KentK. d. 616 (Feb. 24). Our Lordappearing to him with angels

bearing instruments of the Pas-sion. (Burgmaier.) Butler, Rom.Ang. and Ger. Marts., Bede, etc.

St. EthelbertM. (Oct. 17). Mother and com-panion of St. Ethelred.

St. Ethelburga ofBarking

V. Abs. 7th cent. (Oct. 11).

Daughter of K. Ofta and sister

of St. Earconwald of London,she became first Abbess of

Barking Abbey. Butter, Bede,Leland.

St. Ethelburga ofFaremontier

V. Abs. c. 695 (July 7). Halfsister to SS. Sethrida, Sexburga,

42

Etheldreda and Wilburga, she

succeeded the first named as

Abbess of Faremontier. Butler,

Gall, and Mod. Rom. Marts.,

Bede.

St. Etheldreda of ElyV. Q. Abs. 679 (June 23 and

Oct. 17). Holding Ely Cathedral.

(XV. cent, window, Ludlow.)

Crowned, holding crosier. (XV.cent, window, Langport; Rood-

screen, Upton,Norfolk; Oxburgh;

Window, Norbury, Derbyshire.)

Crowned, holding crosier andbook. (Roodscreen, BurlinghamSt. Andrew.) Crowned, with

crosier and budding staff.

Crowned, with crosier and book.

(Roodscreen, Westhall.) Asleep,

tree blossoming over her. (Lan-

tern, Ely Cath.) Standing before

an open chest. (Burgmaier.)

Book in right hand, lily in left.

(Benedictional of St. Ethelwold.)

DevU flying before her. (Old

engraving.) A ten-leaved sun-

flower. Black habit under a

royal mantle of light piirple

lined and edged WiSi ermine;book in right hand, crosier in

left. (MS. Hours.) Salisbury,

Hereford, York, Sarum and Ref.

Ang. Kalendars, Butler, Bede,

Rom. Mart.

St. Etheldritha ofCroyland

V.'R. c. 834 (Aug. 7). Kissing acrucifix held in her arms. (Print,

Butler.) Mayhew, John of

Brompton.

SS. Ethelred andEthelbert, of Kent

MM. 670 (Oct. 17). Sons of

Ermenred, brother of Ercom-bert, murdered by Thunor, anofficer of K. Egbert. Whitford,

Wilson, Winchester Mart. Wm.of Malmesbury, Matthew of

Winchester, etc.

St. Ethelwold of FameP.H. 699 (Mar. 23). Was twelveyears in retirement at Fame,where he died, but was buriedat Lindisfame and his remainstranslated to Durham in 995.Butter, Menardus, Mayhem,Bede, etc.

St. Ethelwold of Lindis-fame

Ab. B. 740 (Feb. 12). Ministerto St. Cuthbert in Fame, hewas afterwards made Abbot of

Mailros and later Bishop of

Lindisfame. Wilson, Simeon of

Durham, Wm. of Malmesbury.

St. Ethelwold ofWinchester

B.C. 984 (Aug. i). A companionof St. Dunstan, when he Wasconsecrated by St. Alphege of

Winchester and later Abbot of

Abingdon and Bishop of Win-chester. Butter, Wilson, Menar-dus, Wyon, Greven, Molanus, etc.

SaintsSt. Etherman. SeeSt. Ernan

(Dec. 22).

St Etto of DompierreB.C. c. 670 (Jioly 10). Oxen andcows about him. Touching adumb man with his staff.

{f2,dhier.)

St. Eubulus of OaesareaM. 308 (Mar. 7). A native of

Mangansea and companion to

St. Adrian (Mar. 5). Eusebius,Rom. Mart.

St. Eubulus. SeeSt. Methodius

(Sept. 18).

St. EubulusCompanion of St. Nymphas(Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Eucherius of LyonsB.C. c. 450 (Nov, 16). AfterSt. Irenaeus, probably thegreatest light of the Church of

Lyons. He was a monk atLerins before his election to thesee. Rom. and Gall. Marts.,

Usuardus, Wandelbert, Ado.

St, Eucherius ofOrleansB.C. 743 (Feb. 20). WatchingCharles Martel in the flames of

Hell. (Baring-Gould.) In his

sepulchre ; a serpent markedwith the arms of France writh-ing beneath it. (Ibid.) Butler,

Rom. Mart., Bede, Notker,

Hrabanus, Henschenius.

St. Eucherius of TrevesB. 450 (Dec. 8). Standing overan open tomb ; devil issioing

from it. (Callot.) Presenting themodel of a church to Our Lord.(Gateway, Treves.)

St. Eudeo, Eudes, orOdo, ofUrgel

1122 (July 7). Hanging

and their Emblems

B.C.his mantle(Cakier.)

on a sunbeam.

St. Eudocia,orEudoxia,of Heliopolis

M. 2nd cent. (Mar. i). Con-verted by the monlc Germanus,she was baptized by the bishop,

Theodotus, entered the mon-astic life and Was martjnred bythe sWord under the governor,

Valerius. Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Eudoxius of

MeliteneM. c. 311 (Sept. 5). Entertaining

soldiers who have come to seize

him. (Icon. Sanct.) Mod. Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Euermodus. See

St. Evermod(Feb. 17). Breaking prisoners'

chains by sprinkling them with

Holy Water. (Cahier.)

St. Eugendus of theJura

Ab. c. 510 (Jan. i). Abbot of

Condate, he rebuilt the mon-astery in stone, and erected ahandsome church dedicated to

SS. Peter, Paul and Andrew.Butler, Chifflet.

St. Eugenia of EgyptV.M. 258 Pec. 23). Mentionedby St. Avitus as having suffered

in the Valerian persecution.

Butler, Lives of SS. Proius andHyacinthus (Sept. 11).

St. EugeniusB.M. 275 (Mar. 4). Pushed into

the sea. (Callot.) With club.

(Ikon.) Ox near him. (Cahier.)

St. EugeniusDr.C. c. 401 (Nov. 17). Raisinga dead man to life by sprinkling

him with Holy Water. (Cahier.)

St. Eugenius ofCarthage

B. 505 (July 13). After suffer-

ing under Antony, Bishop of

Tripolis, in the Arian persecu-

tion, he died in exile near Albi.

Butler, Tillemont, Ceillier, Mod.Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Eugenius ofIreland

B. 618 or 570 (Aug. 23). FirstBishop of Ardfrath, earlier seatof the see of Derry. Butler,

Usher, Ware.

St. Eugenius ofLombardy

N.D. (Dec. 30). Bishop of Milan.

St. Eugenius of ParisM. 275 (Nov. 15). A disciple

of St. Dionysius, who suffered

martyrdom at Paris soon after

his master. His rehcs weretranslated to Toledo in 1148,which has sometimes causedconfusion between him andEugenius, Archbishop of Toledo,who died in 637. Butler.

St. EugraphusM. Companion of St. Menas(Dec. 10), q.v.

St. Eulalia of BarcelonaV.M. 303 (Feb. 12). Dove issu-

ing from her mouth. (Baring-

Gould.) Ljdng covered withsnow before a rack. (Ihid.)

(N.B.—This saint is often con-foimded with St. Eulalia of

Merida (Dec. 10), 5'.?;. The aboverepresentations would applyequally Well to the legendarymartjnrdom of either.) Butler,

Rom. Mart., Usuardus.

St. Eulalia of MeridaV.M. 303 (Dec. 10). Burnt to

death. (Icon. Sanct.) Crucified.

(Callot.) Crucified over a fire.

(Old engraving.) Cross. (Ikon.)

48

Dove. (Chris. Kunst.) Flames.(Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.)Butler, Usuardus, Rom. andSpn. Marts., etc.

St. EulaliaM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

SS. Eulampius andEulampia, ofNicomediaMM. c. 350 (Oct. 10). Burnttogether at stake. (Weyen.)Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Eulogius ofAlexandria

Patr. B. c. 606 (Sept. 13). Headof a monastery and churchdedicated to the Blessed Virgin

at Antioch, he was elected

Patriarch after the death of St.

John IV. in 579. Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Eulogius ofConstantinopleM. (July 3). Beyond references

in Usuardus and the RomanMartyxology under this date,

nothing is known of this saint.

(Baring-Gould.)

St. Eulogius of CordovaP.M. 859 ^ar. 11). With swordand lance. (Ikon.) Rom. Mart.

St. EulogiusDn. M. Companion of St.

Fructuosus (Jan. 21), q.v.

St. EumeniaM. Servant of St. Hilaria

(Aug. 12), q.v.

St. Eumenia. SeeSt. Eunomia

(Aug. 5.)

St. Eunan of Ireland(Sept. 7). The monastery of

Raphoe, founded by St.

Columb and restored by St.

Adamnan, being raised to anepiscopal see, St. Eunan wasits first bishop. Butler.

St. Eunathas ofScythopolis

V.M. c. 308 (Nov. 13). A com-panion of St. Antoninus, q.v.,

she was scourged and burntaMve.

St. EunomiaM. Companion of St. Afra(Aug. 5), q.v.

St. Eunomius of LesinaB. Companion of St. Sabine(Feb. 9), q.v.

St. Eunurchus (Query,Evurtius of Aries ?)

C. 340 (Sept. 7). Dove on his

head. (Husenbeth.)

St. Euphebius of Italyc. 280 (May 23). Bishop of

Naples.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Euphemia ofChalcedonia'

V.M. 303 (Sept. 16). A book.

(Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.)

Crowned, lily in right hand,paJm in left ; lion at her side,

her wrist in its mouth. {Cre-

mona and Manfegna.) Burntalive, angels coming to her.

(Ca^foif.) Wheel near her. {Ikon.)

A bear. {Chris. Kunst.) Wildbeasts round her. {AUrib. der

Heil.) Transfixed by sword.

{Passionael ; Der Heyl. Leb.)

Surrounded by serpents.

{Cahier.) Cross over her head.

{Ibid.) Between two serpents.

{Husenbeth.) Putting the devil

to flight. {Cahier.) Held bysoldiers and beaten on the

mouth with a mallet. {Butler.)

Russ. Kalendar, Usuardus, Noi-

ker, Wandelbert, Gk. Men., Rom.Mart.

St. Euphrasia of EgyptV. c. 410 (Mar. 13). Tramplingon the devil. {Callot.) DevUthrowing her into a well. {Soli-

tudo.) A nun, canying a stone.

{Gueffier.) Rom. Mart., [Gk.

Men., Bollandus.

St. Euphrasia ofNicomedia

V.M. 303 (May 18). Soldier

with sword near. {Ikon.)

St. EuphrasiusB. (Jan. 14). Companion of

St. Torquatus (May 15), q.v.

St. Euphrosyne ofAlexandria

V. c. 470 (Jan i). In the habit

of a monk. {Ikon.) Rom, Mart.

St. Euplius of CataniaDn. M. 304 (Aug. 12). A deaconof Sicily racked and decapit-

ated in the Diocletian persecu-

tion. Butler, Baronius, Tille-

mont, Rom. Mart.

St. EuprepiaM. Servant of St. Hilaria (Aug.

12), q.v.

St. Euprepia. See

St. Eutropia(Aug. 5).

St. Euprepius of Venice2nd cent. {kag. 21). Bishop of

Verona.

St. EupropiusM. Companion of St. Basiliscus

(Max. 3), q.v.

St. Eupsychius I. of

CaesareaM. 2nd cent. (Sept. 7). Said to

have suffered under Hadrian

by being torn with iron hooks

and transfixed with a sword.

He is sometimes confused with

the following saint. Gk. Men.,

Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Eupychius II. of

CaesareaM. 362 (Apr. 9). Martyredunder Julian the Apostate for

taking part in the destruction

of the temple of Fortune. Butler,

Sozomen, Mod. Rom. Mart., Gk.

Men.

St. Eusanias of FusconeM. c. 305 (July 9). A native

of Apulia and a hermit, mar-tyred with his brother and sister.

Ferrarius, Bollandists.

St. Eusebia of BergamoV.M. (Oct. 29). Relics, with aninscription? discovered in 1401in the Church of St. Andrew at

Bergamo, and since included

by Baronius in the RomanMartyrology. Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Eusebia of Hamage(Belgium)

Abs. c. 680 (Mar. 16). Daughterof St. Adalbald of Douai (Feb. 2)

and St. Richtrudis, sent on thedeath of her father to the con-

vent of Hamage, where she

succeeded her grandmother, St.

Gertrude, as Abbess. Molanus,Wyon, Menardus, Gall. Mart, of

Saussaye.

St. Eusebius of Aschia(Syria)

H. c. 400 (Feb. 15). Mentionedby Theodoret in his Philothens

as a hermit whom he hadvisited. Gk. Men., Theodoret.

St. Eusebius ofCaesarea

B.M. 370 (June 21). Elected

Bishop of Caesarea whilst yet

unbaptized, he submitted him-self to the instruction of St.

Basil, who succeeded him.Usuardus, Notker and Sozomen.

St. Eusebius and Com-panions, of Gaza

MM. c. 362 (Sept. 8). Threebrothers and their cousin mar-tyred by the mob at Gaza for

participating in the destruction

of the Mamon temple. Sozomen,Rom. Mart.

St. Eusebius ofPalestine

M. c. 304 (Aug. 14). A priest

racked and beheaded by Maxen-tius in the Maximian persecu-

tion. Butler, Mart, of St. Jerome,Acts of the Saint.

St. Eusebius of RomeM. Late 3rd cent. (Aug. 14).

Speaking without his tongue.

{Ikon.) Leaden club. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Butler, Membritius,Usuardus.

St. Eusebius ofSamosata

B. 379 (June 21). Tile in his

hand. {Ikon.) Tile thrown on

44

his head by a woman fromwindow. {Callot.) Stoned. {Der

Heyl. Leb.) Butler, Theodoret,

Ceillier, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Eusebius of SicilyPo.C. 310 (Sept. 26). Successor

to St. MarceUus in the Papal

Chair, he was banished byMaxentius into Sicily, where he

died. Butler.

St. Eusebius of SyriaAb. Late 4th cent. (Jan. 23).

Wearing a heavy chain. {Vies

de SS. Peres des Deserts.) Butler,

Theodoret.

St. Eusebius of

VercelliB. c. 374 (Dec. 15). Of Sardi-

nian parentage, he was ordained

by St. Sylvester and banished

by Constantine in the Arianpersecution. Butler, Tillemont,

Ceillier, Baronius, Rom. Mart.

St. EusebiusM. Companion of St. Aphro-disius (Apr. 28), q.v.

St. Eusebius of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.

Censarinus (Sept. 5), q.v.

St. EuseusH. 14th cent. (n.d.). Shoe-

maker's tools about him. {Ikon.)

St. Eusoye. SeeSt. Eusebia

(Mar. 16).

St. Eustachius, or

St. Eustace, and Com-panions, of Rome

MM. 119 (Sept. 20 and Nov. 3).

Stag with cross between his

horns. {XVI. cent, window, St.

Patrice, Rouen.) As huntsmankneeUng before a stag. {Baring-

Gould.) Wading a ford, wildbeastsgoingbefore him on bank.){MS., St. Wulfran's, Abbeville.)

Wading a ford, children on thebank carried ofl[ by wild beasts.

{Bodleian, Oxford.) Warrior withhis two sons. {Pitti Palace, N.Soggi.) Burnt in a buU of brass.

{XVI. cent, window, St. Patrice,

Rouen ; Statuary, Chartres Cath.)

Blowing a bugle horn. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Wading river, twochildren in his arms. {Statuary,

Wells Cath.) Butler, Baring-Gould, all Marts, (but some-times on Sept. II and 15).

St. EustachiusM. 1342 Companion of St.

Anthony (Apr. 14), q.v.

St. Eustatia of SaintesV.M. 3rd cent. (May 21). Saidto have been converted by St.

Eutropius (Apr. 30), whom sheburied after his martjrrdom,subsequently being murderedby her own brother. Baring-Gould.

St. Eustasius of LuxeuilAb. 625 (Mar. 29). Apostle ofNorth Gaul. Canying a youngblind woman, St. Salaberga(Sept. 22). (Cahier.) Butler, Ado,Nother, Rom., Gall, and Bene.Marts.

St. Eustasius. SeeSt. Eustace

(Mar. 29).

St. Eustathius ofAntioch

Patr. c. 336 (July 16). Presentat the Council of Nicaea, butafterwards deprived of his

bishopric and banished by theArian Council. Baring-Gould,Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus,Theodoret, Sozomen, etc.

St. Eustella. SeeSt. Eustalia

(May 21).

St. Eustochium ofBethlehem

V.M. 419 (Sept. 28 and Nov. 2).

Holding a lily ; a gold-fringed

veil on her head. {Nat. Gal.)

Seated in a cave ; a roUedpalliasse beside her ; crucifix

and rosaty in her lap. {Engrav-ing.) Butler, Molanus, Mod.Rom. Mart., Greven, Canisius

and Ferrarius (on Feb. 20I,

Carmelite Kalendar (on Mar. 2).

St. Eustochius of ToursB. 461 (Sept. 19). Successor to

St. Brice in the see of Tours, hebuilt the church of SS. Gervasius

and Protasius in that city.

Butler, St. Gregory of 'Tours,

Baillei, etc.

St. EustochiusM. Companion of St. Elpidius

(Nov. 16), q.v.

St. Eustorgius I. ofLombardy

4th cent. (Sept. 18). Tenthbishop of Milan, he is mentionedby St. Athanasius for his re-

sistance to Arianism. Rom. andMilanese Marts.

St. Eustorgius II. ofLombardy

518 (June 6). Bishop of Milan.

SS. Eustratius andOrestes of ArmeniaMM. 305 pec. 13). St.

Eustratius burnt on gridiron.

{Vat. Lib., Cat. Sanct.)

St. Euthymius the

Great of PalestineAb. 473 (Jan. 20). An Armenianof Mditene, he was madebishop of the wandering tribes

by Juvenel, Patriarch of Jeru-

salem, lived sixty-eight years

in the deserts, and died superior

of a Laura between Jerusalem

and Jericho. Greek, Latin andSyriac Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Euthymius, Bishopof Sardis

M. c. 827 (Mar. 11). Exiled toPatalarea by the EmperorNicephorus, and beaten to deathwith cow-hide scourges byMichael the Stammerer. Rom.Mart., Gk. Men., Leo the Gram-marian, Cedrenus, Zonaras, etc.

St. EutropiaV.M. Sister of St. Nicasiuspec. 14), q.v. Torch in hand.[Ikon.)

St. Eutropia. SeeSt. Wilgefortis

(July 20).

St. EutropiaM. Companion of St. Afra(Aug. 5), q.v.

St. EutropiusB. M. 308 (Mar. 3). Metal shoeswith nails through them. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Green tree near him.{Chris. Kunst.) SkioU clovenwith sword. {Ikon.)

St. Eutropius ofSaintes

M.B. 3rd cent. (Apr. 30). Youthtaking leave of an aged king,his father. {Window.SensCath.,and Tab. des Peintres Prim.)Rom. and Gall. Marts. , Usuardus,Ado, Notker, etc.

St. Eutropius ofVaucluse

c. 488 (May 27). Bishop of

Orange.

St. Eutyches or

Eutychiusc. 80 (Aug. 24 and May 28).

A disciple of St. John the Divineand St. Paul. The May festival

given in the Greek Menologymay possibly commemorateanother saint, a martyr, of thesame name. Gk. Menaa andMenology, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. EutychesM. Companion of St. Maro(Apr. 15), q.v.

St. EutychianusPo. 283 (Dec. 8). A Tuscan bybirth, he succeeded St. Felix

in the Papal Chair. Rom. Mart.,

Usuardus.

St. EutychiusM. Companion of St. Placidus

(Oct. 5), q.v.

St. Evantius of Isere586 (Feb. 3). Bishop of Vienna.

St. Evaristus of RomeB.M. 108 (Oct. 26). Mangernear him. {Cahier.) Butler,

Ado, Eusebius, Tillemont,

Mabillon, Rom. Mart.

St. Eve. See St. la(Oct. 27).

45

St. EvelasiusM. Companion of St. Fausta(Sept. 20), q.v. Sawed in a chest.

(Callot.)

St. Evellius of RomeM. c. 65 (May 11). Was con-verted at sight of martyrdomof St. Torpes of Pisa (May 17),q.v.

St. Eventius. SeeSt. Juventius

(Feb. 8).

St. EverardC. Church in his hand. {Cahier.)

St. Evergislus, orEvergisl, of Cologne

B.M. c. 425 (Oct. 24). Piercedwith an arrow, or javelin, byrobbers. {Cahier.)

St. EverildisB. In episcopal vestments.{Window, St. Everildis' Church,Nether Poppleton, Yorks.)

St. Everildis of EnglandV. c. 650 (July 9). Seeking toenter a nimneiy with two othervirgins, Bega and Wiildreda, shewas sheltered by St. Wilfred.Butler, Solier {the BoUandist).

St. Evermar of BelgiumM. c. 700 (May i). A native ofFriesland, murdered on pilgrim-

age to the shrine of St. Servaisat Maestricht. Belg. Marts.

St. Evermod ofPrussia

1178 (Feb. 17). Bishop ofRatzeburg. Breaking prisoners'

chains by sprinkling them withHoly Water. {Cahier.)

St. Evermund ofNormandy

Ab. Fdr. 6th cent. (June 10).

Bom at Bqi^eux, he founded andbecame first Abbot of the Abbeyof Fontenay. Gall, and Bene.Marts.

St. Evertius of AriesB. c. 390 (Sept. 7). Vide St.

Eunvurchus. Proclaimed Bishopby the appearance of a dove.{Icon. Sane'.) As a cook, wear-ing an apron. {Painting, St.

Peter, Touraine.)

St. Evodius of AntiochB. c. 66. (May 6). First Bishopof Antioch after St. Peter. Hasbeen described as a martyr, butthere is no evidence as to themanner of his death. Philippians

iv. 2, all Western Marts.

St. Evodius of Toulousec. 400 (Nov. 12). Was Bishopof Le Puy.

St. Evotiusof SaragossaM. (Apr. 16). Companion to St.

Optatus, q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Evre. See St. Aper

(Sept. 15.)

St. Evronie. SeeSt. Apronia

(July 15).

St. Evroul. SeeSt. Ebrulgus

(Dec. 29).

St. Evurtius. SeeSt. Evertius

(Sept. 7).

St. Ewald the Black ofWestphalia

P.M. c. 693 (Oct. 3). Sword andchalice. {Fresco, Cologne.)

Sword and palm. {Fresco, Si.

Cuniberi, Cologne.) Lamb onbook. {Cahier.) Light shining

down from heaven upon himand his brother, St. EwaJd theWhite. {Attrib. der Heil, andCahier.) Butler, Bede, Rom. andGer. Marts.

St. Ewald the White ofWestphalia

P.M. c. 693 (Oct. 3). Beatenwith clubs. {Bart, de Bruyn of

Cologne.) Exorcising possessed

woman. (Ibid.) Chalice and book.{Frescoes, Cologne.) A large club.

{St. Cunibert, Cologne.) Butler,

Bede, Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Ewe. See St. la(Oct. 27).

St. Expeditus ofMelitena (Armenia)

M. (Apr. 19). Treading on acrow. {Cahier.) Costumed as aRoman legionary holding palmand small cross inscribed" Hodie " ; under his foot araven, on a scroU issuing fromits mouth the words " Cras,

Cras.'

' {Engraving.

)

St. Exuperantius ofEmilia

418 (May 30). A Bishop of

Ravenna.

St. ExuperantiusD.M. Companion of St. Sab-rinus (Dec. 30), q.v. Canyinghis head in his hand. {Window,Vincent Collection.) Naked,boimd to a tree. {Ibid.) Boiled

in a cauldron. {Ibid.)

St. Exuperius of

ToulouseB. c. 415 (Sept. 28). Holding anasperge. QVindow, Toulouse

Cath.) Holding a plough.

{Husenbeth.) Butler, Usuardus,


St. Fabian of RomePo.M. 250 (Jan. 20). Dove byhis side. {Molanus.) Withsword. {Attrib. der Heil.) Withclub. Kneeling at a block.

Tiara and dove. {Baring-Gould.)

Butler, Eusebius, St. Jerome,

Rom. Mart.

St. Fachnan of IrelandB. c. 590 (Aug. 14). Abbot of

Darinis Moelanfaidh (co. Water-ford), he became Bishop of

Rosscarberry. Celt. Marts.

St. Facundo. See

St. John of Sagahun(June 12).

SS. Facundus andPrimitivus of Galicia

MM. 304 (Nov. 27). Sons of

St. Marcellus, tortured and de-

capitated by the praetor Atticus.

Rom. Mart.

St. Failbhe of ScotlandAb. (Oct. 6). According to

Baring-Gould, there were five

Scottish abbots of this name.St. Failbhe, son of Pipan, suc-

ceeded St. Cumine the Whiteas Abbot of lona, c. 669, being

himself succeeded by St.

Adamnan. St. Failbhe the

Little, also an Abbot of lona,

succeeded St. KiQen in 748.Another St. Failbhe the Little

was Abbot of Clonmacnois anddied in 711. A fourth St.

Failbhe was successor to St.

Maelrubha of Apurcrossan in

722 and perished by shipwreckin 732. Failbhe, Abbot of Er-

dairs, died in 766. Dempster,Ferrarius.

St. Faine. SeeSt. Fanchea

(Jan. i).

St. Faith of AgenV.M. c. 287 (Oct. 6). Holdinga gridiron. {French stained glass,

Grosvenor Thomas Collection.)

Sword and gridiron. {Brass,

Newton, Northants.) One arm oniron bed. {Window, Winchester

Cath.) Seated, crowned, on iron

bed with book. {St. Lawrence,Norwich.) Bundle of rods in

her hand. Butler, Rom. Mart.,Sarum, York and HerefordBreviaries.

SS. Faith, Hope andCharity

VV. M:M. 120 (Aug. i). Threechildren holding swords.{Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Fanchea of IrelandV. 6th cent. (Jan. i). Possiblyan abbess, she is venerated at

Rosairthir in the diocese of

Clogher and at KiUiaine on theborders of Meath. Butler,

Chatelain.

St. Fara of MeauxV. Abs. c. 650 Pec. 7). Anear or ears of com in her hand.{Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon, Rom.Mart.

St. Fargean. SeeSt. Ferreolus

(June 16).

46

St. Faro of MeauxB.C. c. 672 (Oct. 28.) Brother

to SS. CagnoaJd (Sept. 6), q.v.,

and Fara pec. 7), q.v., he suc-

ceeded Gundoald as Bishop of

Meaux. Butler, Mabillon, DuPlessis, Usuardus, Wandelbert,

Gall, and Rom. Marts.

St. Fausta of OyzicumM. c. 305 (Sept. 20). In cauldron

of melted lead. {Callot.) Being

cast into a cauldron of melted

lead. {Combs Church.) Hungup,hands and feet sawed off, in-

structing Evdasius (Sept. 20).

{Gueffier.) Holdiag nails.

{Cahier.)

St. Faustian ofEmilia


Bologna.

SS. Faustinus, P., andJovita, Dn., of Brescia

MM. c. 120 (Feb. 15). Brothers.

Habited as deacons. {Brescia

churches.) Angel drawing themout of water. {Callot.) Butter,

Bede, Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. FaustinusM. Companion of St. Beatrix

(July 29), q.v. Shield bearingthree lilies. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Faustus304 (Sept. 8). With bunch of

arrows. {Attrib. der Heil.) De-fending the city of Brescia

besieged. {Grazio Cossale,

Brescia.)

St. Faustus ofAlexandria

Dn.M. 304 (Nov. 19). A com-panion of St. Dionysius theArchbishop in his exile. Whenan old man he was beheadedin the Diocletian persecution.

Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. Faustus and Com-panions, of Cordova

MM. c. 310 (Oct. 13). Torturedand burnt before the governor,Eulogius. Butler, Ruinart, Pru-dentius. Ado, Usuardus, Mod.Rom. and Spn. Marts.

St. Faustus of RiezB. c. 490 (Sept. 28). A nativeof Britain or of Armorica, hesucceeded St. Maximus as Abbotof Lerins,and was elected Bishopof Riez, c. 452. Baring-Gould(on above date), Maurolycus,Ferrarius, Greven and Saussaye(on Jan. 16).

St. FaustusCompanion of St. Dion3rsius of

Alexandria (Oct. 3), q.v.

St. FaustusM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

T.ATi: III

ST. FAETH. V.M.

XV Century Window.In a private collection.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Febroma of Syria

V.M. c. 304 (June 25). Crownand sword. (Ikon.) Mod. Rom.Mart., Gk. Mmeea and Men-ology.

St. Fechin. SeeSt. Fiachna

(Apr. 29).

St. Fechin of Foure(Ireland)

d. 664 of the plague (Jan. 20).

Raising horses to Ufe. [Cahier.)

Butler, Bollandus and Colgan.

St. Fedlimid of KilmoreB.C. c. 550 (Aug. 9). Veneratedin the diocese of Kilmore, he is

said to have been brother to St.

Dermot, and Bishop of Clunes,

near Lough Erne. Colgan, Ware,Celt. Mart.

St. Felan. See St. Filan(Jan. 9).

St. Felician of FologniB.M. 287 (Jan. 24). Hands andfeet bored through. (Chris.

Kunst.) Tongs and hook.

(Attrib. der Hetl.) Offering to

God a model of the town of

Foligni. (Cahier.)

St. Felician of MindenB.M. c. 250 (Oct. 20). Probably

identical with St. FeUcian of

Foligni (Jan. 24), Whose reUcs

were translated to Minden in

Westphalia, c. 965. Rom. Mart.

St. FelicianusM. A brother of St. Primus

(June 9), q.v., he was martyred

with St. Caprasius (Oct. 20), q.v.

St. FelicissimusC. Companion of St. Rogationus

(Oct. 26), q.v.

St. Felicitas, W., andher seven sons of Rome

MM. c. 164 (Nov. 23 and July

10). Holding book and palm,

smrounded by her seven sons.

(St. Felicita, Florence.) In

cauldron of boiling oil. (Villa

Magliana, Raphael.) Swordwith seven heads on blade,

(MS. Hours.) Beheaded With

her seven sons. (Der Heyl.

Leb.) Sword and seven

children. (Chris. Kunst.) Butler,

Ruinart, Tillemont and Rom.Mart.

St. FelicitasM. Companion of St. Perpetua

(Mar. 7), q.v.

St. Felicula of RomeV.M. 81 (June 13). Foster-

sister of St. PetroniUa (May 31),

racked and suffocated in a sewer

byoneFlaccus. Bede,Usuardus,

Ado, Rom. Mart.

St. FelinusM. Companion of St. Gratian

(June i), q.v.

St. Felix of Aquitaine584 (July 8). Bishop of Nantes.

St. Felix CantalicioO.M.C. 1587 (May 21). Carry-ing the Infant Christ. (Attrib.

der Heil.) Jesus as a child

putting a loaf into his wallet.

(Murillo.) Wallet on his shoul-

der. (Cahier.) Sack over his

shotdderinscribed"Deog>'a^/as."

(Baring-Gould.) Leading an ass

laden with a sack. (Ihid.)

Giving St. Philip Neri to drinkfrom a bottle in the street.

(Ibid.) Butler, Pafebroke.

St. Felix of DunwichB. 646 (Mar. 8). Episcopalvestments, three rings on right

hand. (Roodscreen, Ranworth.)Butler, Bede, Wm. of Malmes-bury, Rom. and Gail. Marts.,

Sarum Breviary.

St. Felix of GeronaM. c. 303 (Aug. i). Tradingwith St. Cucuphas (July 25) to

Barcelona, he was arrested there


tion, taken to Gerona and there

tortured and executed for re-

fusing to adore idols. Butler

and all Rom. and Spn. Marts.

St. Felix of Emilia429 (Dec. 4). Bishop of Bologna.

St. Felix of LombardyC. c. 380 (Oct. 8). A Bishop of

Como.

St. Felix II. of Lorraine731 Pec. 22). Bishop of Metz.

St. Felix the Confessorof Nola

p. 266 (Jan. 14). In cave closed

by cobweb. (Ikon.) Carrying

Bishop Maximus out of prison.

(Cahier.) With broken earthen

vessel, or potsherds. (Attrib. der

Heil.) An angel striking off his

chains. (Baring-Gould^ Withabimchof grapes. (Ibid.) Witha spider. (Ibid.) Butler, Tille-

mont and Bede.

St. Felix the Martyr ofNola

3rd cent. (Jan. 14). Fastened

to a bed of sea-sheUs; angel

bringing him a crown. (Callot.)

St. Felix of PincisB.M. N.D. SchoolbojTS stabbing

him with iron styles and strik-

ing him with their tablets.

(Das Passionael.)

St. Felix I. of RomePo.M. c. 274 (May 30). Ananchor. (Huesnbeth.)

St. Felix II. of RomePo. 365 (July 29). Was madePope in 355 by Constantius onthe expulsion of Liberius for

resistance to Arianism, he washimself expelled on liberius'

return in 357 and died in retire-

ment. Ado, Usuardus, Rom.Mart.

47

St. Felix of SaragossaM. Companion of St. Optattis

(Apr. 16), q.v.

St. Felix of SpalatoB. c. 304 (May 18). Torturedby and executed with the swordby Diocletian on his retirement

to Spalato. Usuardus, Notker,

Ado and Rom. Mart.

St. Felix of SutriP.M. 257 (June 23). Martyredunder the Prefect Turcius byhaving his face beaten in witha boulder. Baronius, Bollandusand Rom. Mart.

St. Felix of Trierc. 426 (Mar. 26). Bishop of

Treves.

St. Felix of TunisM. (Nov. 6). Died in prison

the night after his trial. Ado,Usuardus, Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Fehx of ValoisC. 1212 (Nov. 20). White stag,

cross between its horns. (Col.

milit. Eccl.) Broken chain in his

hand. (Ibid.) B. Trinity giving

him a scapular with a cross

upon the breast. (Attrib. der

Heil.) B.V. Mary and angels

singing in choir. (Cahier.) Redand blue cross on scapular andcloak. (Attrib. der Hetl.) Sitting

by a fountain, stag drinking.

(Jameson.)

St. Felix of VenossaB.M. 303 (Oct. 24). Bishop of

Tubzacene in Africa, he wasbrought to Italy and martyredin the Diocletian persecution.

Butler, Ado, Bede, Hrabanus,Baronius, Ruinart, Neapolitanand Rom Marts, and Gk. Men.

SS. Felix, P., andAdauctus of Ostia, orRome

MM. c. 304 (Aug. 30). The priest

Felix, being led to execution in

the Diocletian persecution, wasjoined by a stranger, who also

confessed himself a Christian,

and the two were beheadedtogether. His real name neverhaving been discovered, he hasbeen called Adauctus from his

joining St. FeUx. Ado, Usuardus,

Rom. Mart.

SS. Felix and Fortun-atus of AquileiaMM. 296 (June 11). Twobrothers tortured and beheadedby the prefect, Euphemius,for refusing to sacrifice to

Jupiter. Greven, Molanus,Maurolycus and Canisius (on

May 14) ; Usuardus, Notker,

Ado and Rom. Mart, (on abovedate).

SS. Felix and Regulaof Zurich

MM. Late 3rd cent. (Sept. 11).

Brother and sister. Carrying

Saints and their Emblemstheir heads in their hands.(Window, Vincent Collection.)

Naked, bound to a tree. {Ibid.)

Boiled in a cauldron. {Ibid.)

St. Felix, P., and Com-panions, of Valence

MM. c. 212 (Apr. 23). The priest

FeUx and two deacons beingsent into Gaul by St. Irenaeus

of Lyons were denounced to the

governorComehusand beheadedfor breaking an amber statue

in the Temple of Jupiter at

Valence. Ado, Notker, Rom.and Gall. Marts.

SS. FelixMM. Two of the twelve brothers(Sept. i), q.v.

St. FelixM. c. 169. Companion of St.

Andochius (Sept. 24), q.v.

St. FelixM. Companion of St. Caleposius

(May 10), q.v.

St. Felix of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.


St. FelixB.M. Companion of St. Cyprian(Oct. 12), q.v.

St. FelixM. Companion of St. Hilaiy

(Mar. 16), q.v.

St. FelixM. Companion of St. Januarius

(July 10), q.v.

St. FelixCh. Companion of St. Maurus(June 16), q.v.

St. Felix of MilanM. Companion of St. Nabor(July 12), q.v.

St. FelixDn.M. Companion of St.

Narcissus (Mar. 18), q.v.

St. FelixM. Companion of St. Neme-sianus (Sept. 10), q.v.

St. Ferannan. SeeSt. Forannan

(Apr. 30).

St. Ferdinand III. of

CastileK. 1252 (May 30). Armedknight with a greyhound.{Window, Chartres Cath.) As aking, with a cross on his breast.

{Ikon.) Key in hand. {Cahier.)

On horseback, a Moorish prince

kneeUng to him. {Seville Cath.)

Butler, Papebroke, Rom. andSpn. Marts., etc.

St. Fergus of GrlamisB. c. 750 (Nov. 17). An Irish

bishop who crossed over to the

West of Scotland, foundedchurches at Wick, Halkirk

Limgley and elsewhere, anddied at Glamis. He is possibly

identical with St. Fergus Cruith-

neach of the Donegal andTaHaght Martyrologies xmder

Sept. 8. Dempster, King, Aber-

deen Breviary.

St. Ferreolus of

Limousinc. 595 (Sept. 18). Bishop of

Limoges.

St. Ferreolus. See

St. Ernan(Dec. 22).

St. Ferreolus of VienneM. c. 304 (Sept. 18). Loadedwith heavy chains. {Callot.)

Chains faUing oft. [Icon. Sand.)

Gibbet near him. {Ikon.)

Broken chain in hand. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Passing the Rhonesupported by two angels.

{Cahier.) Butler, Ruinart, Ceil-

lier, Tillemont, Ado, Usuardus,

Rom. and Gall. Mart.

SS. Ferreolus, P., andFerrutius of BesanconMM. c. 212 (Jime 16). St.

Ferreolus holding needles anda scourge of chains. (Burgmaier.)

St. Fiachna of IrelandC. c. 650 (Apr. 29). A native

of Desies, in Munster, and amonk of Lismore, he is titular

saint of the parish of KiU-Fiachna in the diocese of Ard-fert. Butler, Colgan.

S. Fiacre of BreuilH.C. c. 650 (Aug. 30). Diggmgin a garden. {Callot.) Hermitkneehng with beads. {Ikon.)

Spade and open book. XVI.cent, window, St. Patrice, Rouen.)Hind at his feet. On a stoneseat. Spade in one hand,woman accusing him of sorcery.

{Cahier.) Monk preaching tobirds. {XVI. cent, window, St.

Patrice, Rouen.) An old manwith spade before a bishop.

{Ibid.) Butler, Rom. and Gall.

Marts., Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Fiari. SeeSt. Phaebadus

(Apr. 23).

St. Fidelis of ComoM. c. 285 (Oct. 28). A nativeof Milan, baptized by St. Mater-nus, beaten and beheaded inthe Maximinian persecution.Milan Kalendar, Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Fidelis of Sigmar-ingenM. Fr. 1622 (Apr. 24). Withclub set with spikes. {Ikon.)

A whirlbat. {Christ. Kunst.)Rom. Mart.

St. Fidelis of Spainc. 570 (Feb. 7). Bishop ofMerida.

48

St. FidelisM. (Mar. 23). Beaten with rods.

{Husenbeth.)

St. Fidentius of Venice(Nov. 16). Bishop of Padua.

St. FidesV.M. (Aug. i). Legendarydaughter of St. Sapientia, q.v.

As a child, holding a sword.

{Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Fidharleus of

Ireland762 (Oct. i). An abbot of

Raithen. Butler, Colgan, Celtic

Kalendars.

St. Fidolus of Troyesc. 540 (May 16). A slave of

noble birth, he was taken into

the Abbey of Celle, where he suc-

ceeded St. Aventine as Abbot.


St. Fiech of IrelandEarly 6th cent. (Oct. 12). Adisciple of Dabtach, the bard,

baptized and made Bishop of

Sletty by St. Patrick. Celt.

Marts.

St. Filan of ScotlandAb. 7th cent. (Jan. 9). Suc-

ceeded his teacher, St. Mimgo,as Abbot of Fife. AberdeenBreviary.

St. Filomena. SeeSt. Philomena

(Aug. 10).

St. Fina of TuscanyV. 253 (Mar. 12). Poor, and aparalytic, she is said tahave beenwarned of her death by a vision

of St. Gregory. She is speci-

ally venerated at Geminiani.

A Life by John de Geminiani.

St. Finan, or Finian, the

Leper of IrelandAb. c. 610 (Mar. 16). A disciple

of St. Brendan and founder of

the Abbey of Inisfallen (co.

Kerry.) Butler, Usher, Colgan.

St. Finan of LindisfarneB. 661 (Feb. 17). Successor to

St. Aidan in the Northumbrianmission from lona. Baptizinga kneeling king. {Engraving.)

Colgan, Bede, Eng. Mart.

St. Finan of Munsterp. (Apr. 7). A disciple of St.

Brendan and founder of the

monastery of Ceanethich. But-

ler, Colgan.

St. Finbar of CorkB. 623 (Sept. 25). A native of

Connaught, said to have accom-panied St. Madoc to Britain

and St. David to Rome. Demp-ster, Celt. Marts., AberdeenBreviary.

St. Finbar of LeinsterAb. (July 4). Founder of

Crimlen Monastery betweenKinselech and Desies. Butler,

Colgan,

SS. Fingar and Piala, ofCornwall or BrittanyMM. c. 430 (Mar. 23). A brotherand sister of Irish nationalitytaken and sold into slavery byCaractacus. Wilson's AnglicanMart, (on above date), Colgan(on Feb. 23).

St. Finian of UlsterB.C. c. 560 (Sept. 10). At hisprayers, rocksfallingoninvaders.(Cahier.) Butler, Colgan, Usher.

St. Finnian of ClonardB.C. c. 552 pec. 12). A nativeof Leinster, celebrated for hismany foundations of churchesin Wales. Usher, Colgan, Celt.

Marts.

St. Finnian. SeeSt. Frigidian

(Mar. 18.)

St. Fintan of ColenaghAb. 6th or 7th cent. (Feb. 17).Crossing the sea on his cloak.(Cahier.) Sprinkling harvestersand fields with Holy Water.(Ibid.) Bede, Ado, Usuardus,Rom. Mart.

St. Fintan of IrelandAb. 634 (Oct. 21). Founder of

the monastery of Teach-munnuin Leinster. Butler, Usher,

Colgan, Scot. Breviary (as St.

Mundus).

St. Firmilian ofCaesarea

B. c. 269 (Oct. 28). A nativeof Cappadocia and student of

philosophy under Origen, he be-

came Bishop of Caesarea c. 232.

Gk. Menma and Menology, St.

Jerome, Bede, Florus, Ado andHrabanus.

St. Firminus I ofAmiensB.M. 287 (Sept. 25). Carryinghis head mitred. (MS. Hours.)

Mitred head on ground, swordnear it. (Burgmaier.) Trees andflowers blooming as his relics

pass. (Cahier.) Butler, Tille-

mont, Rom. and Gall. Marts.,

Sarum, York and HerefordBreviaries,

St. Firminus II. ofAmiens

B.C. (Sept. i). Son of Faus-tinian, Prefect of Gaul, who wasbaptized by St. Firminus I., hebecame third Bishop of Amiens.Butler.

St. Firminus ofLanguedoc453 (Oct. 11). Bishop of Uzes.

St. Firminus ofLorraine

496 (Aug. 18). Bishop of Metz.

o

Saints and their EmblemsSS. Firmus andRusticus of VeronaMM. c. 304 (Aug. 9). Angelbringing them food in prison.

ifluserKieth.)

St. Flannen of KillaloeB. Late 7th cent. (Aug. 28 orDec. 18). Son of K. Turlough of

Thomond and first Bishop ofKillaloe, the see being endowedby his father. Celt. Marts.

St. Flavia DomitillaV.M. (May 12). Companion ofSt. Nereus, q.v. Standing be-tween her chamberlains, SS.Nereus and Achilleus. (Rubens,S.M. delta Vallicella, Rome.)

St. FlaviaM. Sister and companion of St.

Placidus (Oct. 5), q.v. Stand-ing with a heavy weight tied toher feet. (Callot.) In Benedic-tine habit, with palm and crown.(Perugino, Perugia.)

St. Flavian ofAquapen-denteM. 380 (Dec. 22). Branded onthe forehead. (Cahier.) Rom.Mart.

St. Flavian of Con-stantinopleAbp. M. 449 (Feb. 18). Suc-cessor to St. Proclus, he wasfatally bruised and kicked ata church council held atEphesus. Rom. Mart.

SS. Flavian and Elias ofAntiochBB. 518 (July 4). Patriarchs,respectively, of Antioch andJerusalem, banished by theEmperor Anastasius during theEutychian controversy. Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. FlavianM. Companion of St. Montanus(Feb. 24), q.v.

St. Flisca. SeeSt. Catherine Flisca

(Sept. 15).

St. Flora of CordovaV.M. 851 (Nov. 24). Holdingher head cut off in her hand,flowers growing from her neck.(Fosbrooke'sMonachism.) Butler,

Rom. and Spn. Marts.

St. Florebert of

Flanders746 (Apr. 25). Bishop of Liege.

St. Floregius of EhodesN.D. (July I or 5). Described as

Bishop of Estaing, he is said to

have died at Vercelli on his

return from a papal council at

Rome. The date of his death is

unknown and his very existence

problematical. Gall. Mart.

49

St. Florence of IrelandPec. 15). Was an abbot of Ben-chor. Butler, Colgan, Celt. Marts.

St. Florentia of PoitiersV. 367 pec. i). Said to havebeen baptized by St. Hilary, she

died in retirement at CombM.Gall. Mart.

St. Florentia of SevilleV. c. 630 (June 20). Bom at

Carthagena, she was sister to

SS. Leander and Isidore, bothof whom addressed treatises to

her. Rom. and Spn. Marts.

St. Florentine of Trierc. 250 (Oct. 17). Bishop of

Treves.

St. Florentinus ofVindemialis

B.C. 5th cent. Killing a dragonwith a cross. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Florentius ofGlonneAb. C. 415 (n.d.). In a boatsteered by an angel. (Cahier.)

St. Florentius of IsereB.M. 258 (Jan. 3). Bishop ofVienne.

St. Florentius ofStrasburg

B.C. 675 (Nov. 7). WUd beastsabout him, or coming to his hut.(Callot.) Curing a blmd princess.

(Icon. Sanct.) Bear keepingIds sheep. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Hanging his mantle on sun-beam. (Cahier.) Church in his

hand. (Ibid.)

St. Florentius ofThessalonicaM. 4th cent. (Oct. 13). Burntto death in a brazier. (Cahier.)

Gk. and Mod. Rom. Marts.

St. FlorentiusM. Companion of St. Gereon(Oct. 10), q.v.

St. FlorentiusDn.M. Companion of St. Nica-sius Pec. 14), q.v.

St. Florian of LorchM. c. 250 (May 4). Right handresting on millstone. (Murillo,

Hermitage, D. Petersburg.)

Pouring water on a burninghouse or city. (Mon. St. Florian;Bilder Legende.) Stone abouthis neck and thrown into ariver. (Attrib. der Heil.) Hisbody guarded by an eagle.

(Cahier.)

St. Florus of Lodeve(Languedoc)

B.C. c. 480 (Nov. 3). Causinga stream to rise out of theground. (Cahier.) Butler,Saussaye.

SaintsSt. Flosculus ofAquitaine


Orleans.

St. Foelan. SeeSt. Filan

(Jan. 9).

St. Foillan of Fosses, in

HainaultM. 655 (Oct. 31). Brother to

SS. Ultan and Fursey, he be-came instructor to the Abbeyof St. Gertrude of Nivelle andwas murdered by infidels in

the forest of Sonec, Hainault.Builer, Bede, Menardus, Mol-anus, Usher, Rom., Belg. andGall. Marts., etc.

St. Foix. SeeSt. Paternus

(Apr. 15).

St. Forannan ofWaulsor

Ab. 982 (Apr. 30). Standing ona cross on water. {Old engrav-

ing.) Rom. and Belg. Marts.

St. ForgelM. N.D. Chains broken miracu-lously and himself delivered

from prison. (Gueffier.)

St. Fortchern of TrimB. A companion of St. Loman(Feb. 17), q.v. He is said to

have been the son of Tigridia,

sister of St. Patrick.

St, FortunatusM. 250 (n.d.). a pair of shears.

(Ikon.)

St. Fortunatus of RomeM. (Feb. 3). His body was dis-

covered in the cemetery of St.

Calixtus at Rome in 1606 andtranslated to the Jesuit Churchat Antwerp in 1622. Rom. Mart.

St. Fortunatus ofUmbria

537 (Oct. 14). Bishop of Todi.

St. FortunatusM. One of the Twelve Brothers(Sept. i), q.v.

St. FortunatusM. Brother of St. Felix (JuneII), q.v.

St. FortunatusDn.M. Companion of St. Felix

(Apr. 23), q.v.

St. Foster. SeeSt. Yedast

(Feb. 6).

St. Frances of RomeW. 1440 (Mar. 9). Foundress of

the Order of the Collatines (or

Oblates). Basket of bread, angel

by her side. {Vatican, F. Bar-bteri.) Angel by her side in

dalmatic. (Ikon.) Angel kneel-

ing, open basket of bread at her

and their Emblemsfeet. {Turin Gal., Guercino.)

Infant Jesus placed in her armsby B.V. Mary. (Cahier.) Con-templating Hell. {Baring-Gould.)

Butler, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Francis of AssisiC. 1226 (Oct. 4). Founder of

the Franciscan Order. Crownedwith thorns, stigmas on hands,feet and side, bearing the cross.

{Roodscreen, Stalham.) Ibid.

Preaching from wagon, dis-

playing stigmas in Ms hands.{Old seal.) Friar, carrying across. {Turin Gal., Procaccini.)

Winged crucifix appearingto him. {Roodscreen, Kenn.)Infant Jesus in manger appear-ing to him. {Cahier.) Cross in

right hand, lighted lamp in

left, trampling on a serpent withan apple in its mouth, an in-

flamed heart above him. {Etch-

ing, -private coll.) Globe at his

feet. {Attrib. der Heil. (Lily

in hand. {Ikon.) Kneeling in

Franciscan habit, receiving thestigmata from a winged cherub.{XVI. cent, window, Seville

Cath.) Propping up the LateranBasilica. {Gueffier.) Ascendingin fiery chariot. {Christ. Kunst^Preaching to a sultan. {UpperChurch, Assisi.) Preaching to

birds. {Louvre, Giotto.) Witha lamb. (Ibid.) Receiving HolyInfant from B.V. Mary. (L.

Caracci.) Roses springing fromhis blood. {Florence, Ghirlan-

dajo.) Causing water to issue

from a rock. {Upper Church,Assisi.) Rays of red light (or

streams of blood) from woundsin a crucifix to the saint's

hands, feet and side. {Window,St. Gudule,Brussels ; Roodscreen,Bradninch.) Butler, Rom. andFrans. Marts., etc.

St. Francis of GirolamoS.J. 1716 (May 11). Bom atGrottaglia, he was ordainedpriest in 1666 and spent his life

in mission work among thepoor of Naples. Rom. Mart.

St. Francis Borgia ofRome

C.S.J. 1572 (Oct. 10). Kneelingbefore B. Sacrament. {ViennaGal. , A rtois. ) Baptizing Indiansor Japanese. {Cahier.) Car-dinal's hat near him. {Ibid.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Francis Caraccioloof Naples

C. 1608 (June 4). Founder ofthe Order of Regular ClerksMinors. Bom at Villa SantaMaria, he was smitten withleprosy at the age of twenty-two, but was cured on enteringthe priesthood. He died atAgnone, whence his relics weretranslated to Naples. Rom.Mart.

50

St. Francis of PaulaC. 1508 (Apr. 2). Founder of

the Order of Minims. The wordCharitas appearing to him in

letters of light. {Callot.) Stand-

ing on his cloai on the sea.

{Louvre.) Staff, cracifix and

rosary. {Chorographia Sancta

Brabantice.) Holding a skull.

{Print after Guido.) Butler, Rom.Mart.

St. Francis de SalesBishop of Geneva. 1622 (Jan.

29). Sacred Heart crowned with

thorns in a glory above him.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Heart in

hand. {Ibid.) Butler, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Francis Solano ofLima

C. 1610 (July 24). Indians

round him. {Ikon.) Butler,

Rom. and Fran. Marts.

St. Francis Xavier of

PampelunaS.J. 1552 (Dec. 3). Pilgrim's

staff and beads. {Pitti Gal.,

C. Dolce.) Holding lily, ex-

claiming " Satis est Domine,satis est." {Callot.) Dying on a

mat in a shed, angels bringing

a crown. {His Life, DrydenTj

Carrjdng an Indian on his

shoulders. {Cahier.) Butler,

Dryden, Turselin, Rom. Mart.

Bl. Francisca Ambrosiaof Brittany

V. N.D. Wearing ducal coronetand holding cnicifix {Print,

Carmelite Friary, Bruges.)

Franciscans (7) ofMoroccoMM. I22I (Oct. 13). St. Daniel,

Franciscan Provincial of Cala-bria, with six companions, mis-

sionaries to Morocco, was set

upon in Centa by the mob,dragged before the King Maho-met, and mart3rred by his orders.

Butler, Chalippe's Life of St.

Francis, F. Wadding's Annalsof the Franciscan Order.

St. Frannan. SeeSt. Forannan •'

(Apr. 30).

Bl. Frederic of LifegeB. 1121 (May 27). Elected bythe chapter of LiSge to succeedBishop Obert in opposition to

Alexander, invested by theEmperor Henry V. He is said

to have been poisoned by theCount of Louvain, and is vener-ated as a saint in the diocese of

Liege. Greven, Rom.] Mart, of

1624.

St. Frederick ofUtrechtB.M. 833 (July 18). Stabbedby two assassins. {Callot.)

Pierced with two swords. {Ikon.)

Mabillon, Utrecht, Belg., Gall,

and Rom. Marts.

SaintsSt. Frediano. SeeSt. Frigidian

(Mar. i8).

St. Fremund ofEnglandK.M. c. 796 (May II). Said tohave been the son of Offa, K.of Mercia, and to have beenmurdered by one Oswy. C7sm-ardus, Eng. Mart.

St. FriardusH. 590 (Aug.i). Watering smalltree. (Cahier.)

St. Frideswide ofOxford

V. c. 750 (Oct. 19). Crowned,holding book and sceptre.{Window, Oxford Cath.) Crosierand book, ox lying near her.{Magdalen Coll., Oxford.) But-ler, Wm. of Malmesbury, Leland,Mahillon, Sarum and HerefordKalendars, Rom. and Ang.Marts.

St. FridianB.C. 578 (Mar. 18). Rowedover a flooded river. {Cahier.)

St. Fridolin ofSickingenAb. d. 538 (Mar. 6). Pilgrimwith staff and book {Coins ofGlarus.) Dead man rising froma grave. {Burgmaier.) Butler,

Molanus, Greven, Canisius,

Ang. and later Scot, and Irish

Marts.

St. Frigidian, orFridianus, of Lucca

B. 578 (Mar. 18). As an Augus-tine monk with a mitre. {Ikon.)

Butler, Rom. and Celt. Marts.

St. Frithom. SeeSt. Adeodatus

(July 15).

St. FrobertAb. Late 7th cent. pec. 31).

Infant in his mother's lap.

{Cahier.)

St. Frodobert of TroyesAb. 7th cent. (Jan. 8). Founderof the monastery of La Celle,

near Troyes, and of the church

of St. Peter. Ger. and Gall.

Marts., a Life by his disciple

Lupellus.

St. Froilan of Spain1006 (Oct. 5). Bishop of Leon.

St. Fronto of EgyptAb. 2nd cent. (Apr. 14). Arecluse living in the deserts of

Nitria with his brethren. Hehas been confused with St.

Fronto of Perigueux, perhaps

owing to the antedating of that

saint's life.. Usuardus, Ado,

Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Fronto of PerigueuxB. 4th cent. (?) (Oct. 25). TheLife of St. Fronto is so full

of anachronisms and impossi-

and their Emblemsbilities that very little reliance

can be placed upon its details.

Thus, he is said to have been acontemporary of St. Peter andto have been dispatched bythat apostle on a mission to

Aquitaine. It seems probablethat he actually was Bishop of

Perigueux shortly before the

Arian, Patermus, who was de-

posed in 362. Ado, Usuardus,Hrabanus, Gall, and Rom. Marts.

St. Fronto of SaragossaM. (Apr. 16). Companion of St.

Optatus, q.v.

St. FrontoM. Companion of St. Theo-dotus (May 18), q.v.

St. Fructuosus ofPortugalAbp. C. 665 (Apr. 16). Doefollowing him. {Husenheth.)

Butler, Rom. and Sfn. Marts.

St. Fructuosus of SpainB.M. (Jan. 21). Singing on his

fimeral pile. {Cahier.)

St. Frumentius ofEthiopia

B.C. Ap. c. 360 (Oct. 27),Elevating the Host. {Weyen.)

Butler, St. Athanasius, Sozomen,Tillemont, Rom. and AbyssinianMarts.

St. Fulbert of Orleans1028 (Apr. 10). Bishop of

Chartres.

St. Fulcran of LodeveB. 1006 (Feb. 13). A pupil andsuccessor to Theorodic, Bishopof Lodeve, by whom he wasordained. Bollandus, Gall.

Mart.

St. Fulgentius of AfricaB.C. 533 (Jan. i). Church in

his hand, trampling on heretics.

{Old engraving.) Butler, Latin

Mart.

St. Fulk of ToulouseB. 1231 pec. 25). Bom of

wealthy parents at Marseilles,

he spent his youth in the

southern Courts. On the deathof his patrons he retired from

the world, and entered the

Cistercian Order, being elected

Abbot in 1200. Gall. Mart.

St. Fulguinus of

FlandersB. c. 855 (Dec. 14). A blood

relation, on his father's side, to

Charlemagne, he was elected

Bishop of Tarvenna, nowTherouanne, in French Flanders.

Mabillon, Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. Fursey of PeronneAb. C. d. 650 (Jan. 16). Angel

defending him against the devil.

{Passionael.) Oxen at his feet.

{Baring-Gould.) Causing foun-

tain to spring up by a blow from

51

his staff. {Ibid.) Beholding a

vision of angels. {Ibid.) Be-

holding a vision of Hell or

Purgatory, {Ibid.) Butler,

Bede, Rom. Mart., Eng.

Kalendar.

SS. Fusca, v., andMaura of KavennaMM. 3rd cent. (Feb. 13). Trans-

fixed with swords. {Callot.)

Holding a spear. {Baring-

Gould.) Baronius, Rom. Mart.

St. FuscianusM. Companion of St. Victorius

Pec. 11), q.v.

St. FusculusB. (Sept. 6). Companion of St.

Donatianus, q.v.

SS. Fyncara andFindocha, of ScotlandVV. c. 730 (Oct. 13). Two of the

Nine Maidens who lived withtheir father, St. Donald, in the

Glen of OgUvy. Aberdeen Brevi-

ary, David Camerarius. (St.

Fyncara, on Aug. 21 ; St. Fin-

docha on May 31).

St. Gabinius of RomeP.M. 296 (Feb. 19). In prison

with doors open. (Callot.) Twooxen crouching near him.

{Cahier.) Fountain rising imderhis staff. {Ibid.) Beholding avision of the world in flames.

{Ibid.) Usuardus, Bede, Notker,

Rom. Mart.

St. Gaetan. SeeSt. Cajetan

(Aug. 7).

St. GaianeV.M. Companion of St. Rhip-sime (Sept. 29), q.v.

SS. Galaction andEpisteme, of PhoeniciaMM. 285 (Nov. 5). St. Galac-

tion with tongue plucked out.

{Icon. Sanct.) Mod. Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Galactorius of

BeamM. 507 (July 27). Bishop of

Lescar.

St. GalatasCompanion of St. Expeditus(Apr. 19), q.v.

St. Galdin. SeeSt. Gaudinus

(Apr. 18).

St. Galdus. SeeSt. Gaud

(Jan. 31).

St. Galla of RomeW. c. 346 (Oct. 5). Womanwith long beard. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Butler, St. Gregory,

Baronius, Sirmond, Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Gallicanus of EgyptM. c. 362 (June 25). Washingpoor men's feet, ipici engraving.)

Hanging his armour on a cross.

\pires des Deserts.)

St. Gallus of AuvergneB.C. c. 553 (July i). Angelbringing him an alb or whitechasuble. (Cahier.) DeUveringthe city of Clermont from plague

by his prayers. [Gueffier.)

Butler, Menardus, Bucelinus,

Saussaye, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Gallus ofSwitzer-land

Ab.C. 646 (Oct. 16). In cave,

wild beasts running away.{Icon. Sand.) Bear carrying

wood for him. (Das Passionael.

)

Hand on bear's head. [Weyen.)Hermit with loaf and staff.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Giving gold

vessels to the poor. {Gueffier.)

Seated, holding a cambutta,bear with log or staff at his side.

{Cath. St. Gall.) Asleep in cell,

bear eating his food. {Peres

des Deserts.) Giving bread to abear standing on its hind legs.

{Ivory carving.) Butler, Ado,Notker, Usuardus, Mabillon,

Rom., Ger. and Gall. Marts.

St. Galmier of LyonsDn.C. d. c. 650 (Feb. 27).

Pincers or locksmith's tools.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Anvil nearhim. {Cahier.) Butler.

St. GamalielC. istcent. (Aug. 3). Appearingto Lucian in a dream. (Callot.)

Butler.

St. Gamelbert of

BavariaP.C. 787 (Jan. 27). Baptizing achild. (Cahier.) In an oratory

surroimded by sheep. {Ibid.)

St. Gaston. See

St. Yedast(Feb. 6).

St. Gatian of ToursB.C. c. 301 (Dec. 18). Sowingseed. {Weyen.) In a cell saying

Mass. (Gueffier.) Leading a flock

of sheep. (Window, Evreux.)

Butler, St. Gregory of Tours,


St. Garibald of Bavariac. 1252 (Jan. 8). Bishop of

Ratisbon.

St. Gaspar, one of the

Magiist cent. (Jan. i). Offering a

gold cup to the Holy Infant.

(L. V. Leyden, Antwerp Mus.)

St. Gaucher. See

St. Goucher(Apr. 9).

St. Gaud of EvreuxB. d. 491 (Jan. 31). For forty

years Bishop of Evreux, he

retired to and died at Scicy,

near Coutances.

St. Gaudentius of

LombardyB.C. c. 410 (Oct. 25). Chosenand ordained Bishop of Brescia

against his will, as successor to

St. Philastrius, by St. Ambroseof Milan. Butler, Ceillier, Cave,

Labbe, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Gaudentius of

NovaraB. d. 418 (Jan. 22). Holdingthe model of a church. (Cahier.

)

St. Gaudentius ofRiminiB.M. 359 (Oct. 14). Administer-

ing the Holy Communion.(Husenbeth.)

St. Gaudentius ofTuscanyM. c. 370 (June 19). Bishop of

Arezzo.

St. GaudentiusM. 8th cent. Shepherd withcrook, a sheep at his feet.

(Cahier.)

St. Gaudinus of MilanCard. Abp. 1176 (Apr. 18).

Successor to Archbishop Hubertof Milan in 1176, he held thearchbishopric through the Em-peror Barbarossa's ten years'

campaign against it, and diedin the pulpit at Mass. Butler,

Henschenius, Breviary of Milan,Rom. Mart.

St. Gaudiosus of

Campania7th cent. (Oct. 26). Bishop of

Salerno.

St. Gaudiosus of Lom-bardy

c. 445 (Mar. 7). A Bishop of

Brescia.

St. Gaugeric ofFlandersB.C. c. 619 (Aug. 11). Ordaineddeacon by St. Magneric of

Triers, and later elected Bishopof the united see of Cambraiand Arras. Butler, Chatillon,

Bosch, etc.

St. Gautier. SeeSt. Walter

(Apr. 8).

St. GebhardB.C. 995 (n.d.) Curing andgiving a staff to a lame man.(Cahier.) B.V.M. and HolyInfant appearing to him. (Burg-

maier.) Church in his hand.(Cahier.)

St. Gelasinus ofPhoeniciaM. 297 (Aug. 26 or Feb. 27).

A comedian of Heliopolis who,having been baptized in jest in

a warm bath on the stage, pro-

52

fessed himself a Christian andwas stoned to death by the mob.Butler, Theodoret, Gk. Men.

St. Gelasius of

PiacenzaC. Early 5th cent. (Feb. 4).

A yoimger brother of St.

Olympius, who died as a chUd.

Breviary of Piacenza.

St. Gelasius of RomePo.C. 496 (Nov. 21). An African

by descent, he succeeded PopeFelix II. in 492. Butter, Florus,

Usuardus, Ado, Anastasius the

Librarian, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Gemellus, or Genel-

lus, of AncyraM. c. 362 (Dec. 10). Crucified.

(Cahier.) Nails driven into his

head. (Ibid.)

St. GeminianofModenaB.C. c. 450 (Jan. 31). Receiving

model of the city of Modenafrom an angel, to present to

Christ. (Dresden Gal., Correggio.)

Model of city in his hand. (Coins

of Leo X. and Clement VII.)

Model of city in right hand, stafi

with baU at top in left. (Coins

of D'Este.) Holding mirror

before his breast in which is

reflected the B.V. Mary. (Attrib.

der Heil.) DevU cast out, stand-

ing near him. (Chris. Kunst.)

Cross appearing in the air.

(Cahier.)

St. GeminianusM. Companion of St. Lucia(Sept. 16), q.v.

St. Gemma of SaintesV.M. N.D. (June 20 and Aug.16). Reputed to be the daughterof a heathen noble named Catul-

lus, beaten to death by her

father. Gall. Mart., Saintes

Breviary.

St. GemretaB. In episcopal vestments.(XIV. cent, window. New Coll.,

Oxon.)

St. Gendulph. SeeSt. Gundulf

(June 17).

St. Genebald of LaonB. c. 555 (Sept. 5). Husbandof the niece of St. Remigius, bywhom he was persuaded to leave

her for the life of a recluse.

Saussaye, Greven, Hincmar of

Rheims, Parisian and Gall.

Marts.

St. Genebern orGenebrardM. Manservant and companionof St. Dymphna (May 15), q.v.

St. GenerosaOne of the Scillitan Mart5n:s.

Companion of St. Speratus

(July 17). i-1'-

CO

g- o

CO ra

a<.Jan

o

St. Genes, or Grenesius,of Auvergne

C. c. 657 (June 3). Was Bishopof Clermont.

St. Genesius of AriesM. c. 320 (Aug. 25). A secretarythrowing down his tablets.

(Cahier.) Rom. and Gall. Marts.,Acts of St. PauHnus of Nola.

St. Genesius of RomeM. 303 (Aug. 26). A playerbaptized on the stage, angels

near him. {Callot.) Playing aviolin on the stage. {Ibid.)

Player holding a sword. (Ikon.)

With clown's cap and beUs.

{Combe-in-Teignhead Church,Devon.) Butler. Ruinart, Tille-

mont, Rom. Mart.

St. GenesiusM. Companion of St Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Genevieve, Duchessof Brabant

C. N.D. In a cave, a hind nearher. {Ikon.)

St. Genevieve of

NanterreV. 512 (Jan. 3). Shepherdessspinning. {Guerin.) Holding acandle, devil on her shoulders

with a pair of bellows. {Gothic

sculpture, Paris.) As above, butwith keys hung on her arm.

{Tabl. de la Croix.) Holding a

candle lighted by an angel, devil

trying to extinguish it. {Callot.)

Keys, lighted candle and palm.

{Bilder Legende.) Angel lighting

a candle in her hand. {MS.Hours, 1508.) Devil at her feet

with bellows. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Restoring sight to her mother.

{Ch. of St. Gervais, Paris.) Amedal hung from her neck.

{^omb of Childeric, Cochet.)

Bread in her lap. {Baring-

Gould.) The weU of Nanterre

at her side. {Ibid.) Butler,

Bollandus, Tillemont, all Latin

Marts.

St. Gengulf, or Gengaul,of VarennesM. c. 760 (May 11) A Bur-

gundian nobleman in the Court

of Pepin the Short, who wasmurdered by his wife's lover.

Rom., Liige and Prague Marts.

(on above date), Cologne Mart.

(on May 13), Brussels, Tournai

and Bruges Breviaries (on

Oct. 12).

St. GentianusM. Companion of St. Victoricus,

pec. 11), q.v.

St. Genuine of Italyc. 640 (Feb. 5). Bishop of Savio.

St. Genulph, or Gengulf,

of Cahors (?)760 (Jan. 17 and June 17). Afountain. {Callot.) Shield with

Saints and their Emblemscross. {Ibid.) Lance or javelin.

{Attrib. der\Heil.) A spit. {IbidI)

Sword in his hand, Well before

him. {BurgmMier.) Bollandus,

Rom. Mart.

St. Geoffroi. SeeSt. Godfrid

(Nov. 8).

St. George of Auvergne(Nov. 10). Bishop of Le Puy.

St. George of Cap-padocia

M. c. 303 (Apr. 23). In armouron horseback, with sword andspear, dragon at feet. {XV. cent,

window, Doddiscombsleigh.) Inarmour, with sword and shield,

dragon at feet. {XV. cent, win-

dow, Wintringham.) Holdinga poison cup {San Giorgio,

Rome.) White banner with red

cross. {Mabuse.) Standing in

armour, spear piercing a dragon,cross and white banner on top.

{Roodscreen, Hempstead.) Stand-ing in armour, piercing dragonwith spear handle. {St. John,Norwich.) Standing in armour,cross on armour and shield,

striking dragon with sword.

{Parclose, Ranworth.) As above,but with spear cross topped.{Roodscreen, Filby.) Standing,

dragon at side. {Arbor Past.

Idol of Apollo falling before

him. {Gueffier.) Mounted withsword, broken spear anddragon at foot, princess in back-ground. {Raphael, Louvre.) All

Marts.

St. GeorgeofLanguedocc. 880 (Nov. 9). Bishop of

Lodeve.

St. George of Lesbosc. 816 (Apr. 7). A Bishop of

Mitylene.

St. George of Lvcaonia6th cent (Apr. 4). A hermit onMt. Malceus.

St. George of Paph-lagoniaB.C Early gth cent. (Feb. 21).

Bom at Amastris, he embracedthe life of a recluse, and whenelected Bishop of Amastris re-

fused the office and was taken

by force to Constantinople,

where he was consecrated bySt. Tarasius. Late Greek Men-ologies.

St. George of Pisidiagth cent. (Apr. 19). Bishop of

Antioch.

St. George of Toulousec. 650 (Nov. 2). A Bishop of

Vienne.

St. Georgia of ClermontV. c. 490 (Feb. 15). Flight of

doves accompan3dng her corpse.

{Cahier.) St. Gregory of Tours,

GaU. Mart.

53

St. Gerald of AuvergneC. c. 909 (Oct. 13). Coimt of

Aurillac.

St. Gerald of Oezinac,Count of Aurillac929 (Oct. 13). Church in his

hand. {Cahier.) Butler, Surius.

St. Gerald of BeziersB. 1123 (Nov. 5). Entering the

monastery of Sta. Maria deCassiano, he was elected Prior

and later succeeded Arnold as

Bishop of Beziers. Montpellier

Breviary, Gall. Mart.

St. Gerald of CreonAb. 1095 (Apr. 5). A monkfrom the abbey of Corbie, nearAmiens, who founded and be-came Abbot of Sauve Majeure,near Creon. Butler, Papebroke.

St. Gerald of MayoAb. B. 732 (Mar. 13). Of Eng-lish birth, he became a moiikin the Irish monastery of Mayo,later being elected Abbot andBishop. He founded the see of

Mayo and the abbey of Tempul-Gerald in Connaught. Butler,

Colgan.

St. Gerald of Portugal1109 (Dec. 5). Archbishop of

Braga.

St. Gerana. SeeSt. Gerald

(Nov. 5).

St. Gerard of BrogneAb. 959 (Oct. 3). St. Peter

consecrating his churchbynight.{Icon. Sanct.) St. Peter or St.

Eugenius appearing to him.(Cahier.) Church in his hand.(Ibid.) Butler, Mabillion, Rom.and Belg. Marts.

Bl. Gerard of ClairvauxMk. 1138 (June 13). Secondbrother of St. Bernard andcellarer of Clairvaux. Gall.

Mart.

St. Gerard of HungaryB.M. 1046 (Sept. 24). With alance. (Attrib. der Heil.) Butler,

Surius, Mabillon.

St. Gerard of Italy1119 (Oct. 30). Bishop of

Potenza.

St. Gerard of MonzaC. 1207 (N.D.) Forked stick

bearing a bvmch of cherries in

his hand, wooden bowl andspoon at his feet. (Acta Sanct.)

Saying Mass. (CaUot.) Givingfood to the poor. {Cahier^

Directing builders. (Ibid.)

Branch with ripe cherries.

(lUd.)

St. Gerard of ToulB.C. d. 994 (Apr. 23). Thuriblein hand. (Cahier.) Butler,

Henschenius.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Geresimus ofPalestineAb. 475 (Mar. 5). Lion withbasket in mouth near him.(Ikon.) Lives of St. Euthymiusand St. Quiriacus. Rom. Mart.

St. Gerebald ofNormandy

c. 620 (Dec. 7). Bishop of

Bayeux.

St. Geremar of BeauvaisAb. c. 658 (Sept. 24). Of a noblefamily in Beauvais, he lived

as a recluse for some years onthe banks of the Seine, nearRouen, but later founded andbecame Abbot of the monasteryof Flay. Butler, MaUllon,Rom., Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. Gereon and Com-panions, of CologneMM. c. 286 (Oct. 10). Throwninto well. {Icon. Sanct.) War-rior in armour with sword.[Ikon.) Warrior in armour withspear, shield and pabn. {Old

convent seal.) Holding an arrow,

and clad in red surcoat, chargedwith " a cross humetie between

four cross crosslets or," shield of

the same. {Northwick Gal., hy

Wm. of Cologne.) Shield with

a cross charged with " nine

roundels between four eagles

displayed." {Husenbeth.) Ado,Usuardus, Sarum, York andHereford Breviaries, Ger. andMod. Rom. Marts.

St. Gerhardt of

Switzerland1195 (Aug. 27). Bishop of

Constance.

St. GerlachH. d. c. 1170 (Jan. 5). In

hollow tree. {Ikon.) Thorn in

his foot. {Die Heiligenbild.)

Ass near him. {Attrib. der Heil.

)

Cologne, Ger. and Gallo-Belgic

Marts.

St. Gerlandus of Sicilyiioi (Feb. 25). Bishop of

Girgenti.

St. Germain of Con-stantinople

Patr. c. 732 (May 12). Son of

the senator Justinian, Bishop

of Cyzicus and successor to

John, Patriarch of Constan-

tinople. Gk. Men., Gall, and

Mod. Rom. Marts.

St. Germain of the Isle

of ManB. c. 450 (Julys). First Bishop

of Man and founder of the

Church of Kirk-Jarman, near

Peel, where he lies buried.

Joscelin's Life of St. Patrick.

Bl. Germaine Cousin of

PibracV. 1601 (June 15). Minding

sheep. {Cahier.) Flowers in her

apron. {Many pictures.) Plant-

ing her distaff to keep her sheep

while she went to Mass. {Cahier.)

With distaff and spindle, sheepat her side. {Baring-Gould.)

Mod. Gall. Marts.

St. German. SeeSt. Germanus

(Feb. 21).

St. Germana. SeeSt. Grimonia

(Sept. 7).

St. Germanicus of

SmyrnaM. c. 168 (Jan. 19). Lion fawn-ing upon lum in amphitheatre.

(Callot.) Going before wild

beasts to the amphitheatre.

{Cahier.) In armour, with spear

and shield tramphng on an evil

spirit. {Sculp., Xanten Cath.)

Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Bede,

Rom. Mart.

St. Germanus of

AuxerreB. 448 (July 31). As a hunter.

{Ikon.) Raising an ass to hfe.

{Der Heyl. Leb.) Tramplingon tyrant Maximus, wild beasts

killed about him. {Old carved

stalls.) Dragon with seven headsled bound by him. {MS. Hours.)

Bede, Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Germanus of CapuaB.C. c. 540 (Oct. 30). Sent bythe Pope Hormisdas on amission to the Eastern Empire,he suffered persecution fromthe heretics. Butler, Baronius,

St. Gregory the Great.

St. Germanus of theDoubs407 (Oct. 11). Bishop of Besan-gon.

St. Germanus of ParisB.C. 576 (May 28). St. Peter,

with keys, appearing at his bed-side. {Callot.) Extinguishingfire by his prayers. {Ikon.) Keyin hand, Hght falHng fromheaven. {Solitaire.) Chains in

his hand. {Cahier.) Lying on abed. {Attrib. der Heil.) Butler,

Bouillart, Lobineau, Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Germanus ofPicardyB.M. (May 2). Bishop of

Amiens.

SS. Germanus, Ab., andRandoald, Po., ofMunsterthalMM. c. 666 (Feb. 21). Germanuscarrying a lance. {Burgmaier.)

Butler, Bollandus, BasleKalendar.

St. GermanusM. c. 308. Companion of St.

Antoninus (Nov. 13), q.v.

54

St. GermanusB. Companion of St. Dona-

tianus (Sept. 6), q.v.

St. GermanusM. Companion of St. Peregrinus

(July 7). i-^-

St. Germar. See

St. Geremar(Sept. 24).

St. Germerius of

Languedocc. 560 (May 16). A Bishop of

Toulouse.

St. Germoc, or GermoeK. Companion of St. Breacha

(June 4), q.v.

St. Gernad of ElginC. c. 934 (Nov. 8). Of Irish

nationaJity, he settled as a

recluse in Elgin. Adam Kingalone describes him as Bishop

of Moray. Adam King, Demp-ster, Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Geroisme. See

St. Jerome(Sept. 30).

St. Gerold of the TyrolH. c. 970 (Apr. 19). Wearinga crown. {Cahier.)

St. Geronimo. See


St. Gerontius of Lom-bardy

5th cent. (May 5). Bishop of

MUan.

St. Gertrude of HamageW. Abs. c. 655 Pec. 6).

Daughter of Theobald, Lord of

Douai, mother of Sigebert, hus-

band of St. Bertha, and foimd-ress of the convent of Hamage.Belg. Marts.

St. Gertrude of NivellesV. Abs. c. 664 (Mar. 17). Hold-ing a loaf. {Roodscreen, Wol-borough.) Two mice climbingher crosier. {XVI. cent, window.)Kneeling by sea, holding a lily.

(Callot.) Mice or rats about her.

{Chorographia Sancta Braban-tice.) Two mice at feet, devil at

her side. {DeLevensderHeylige.)Fiery tongues over her head.{Biider Legende.) Crown broughther by an angd. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Spinning, mice runningup and down her distafi.

{Primer 1516). Butler, Bede,

Usuardus, Ado, Rom. Mart.

St. Gertrude ofRodalsdorf

V. Abs. 1292 (Nov. 15). Sevenrings on right hand, heart withfigure of Christ in left. {Revue

de I'Art ChrHien.) Butler, Rom,and Bene. Marts.

St Gerulf of DronghenM. c. 748 (Sept. 21). Son ofLuitgild, Lord of Merendre, hewas stabbed by his uncle. Belg.Maris.

SS. Gervasius, orGervase, and Protasius,Protomartyrs of Milan

ist cent. (June 19). The first,

kneeling, executioners scourg-ing him. {XII. cent, window,LeMans.) The second, kneeling,an executioner decapitating himwith sword. [lUd.) One withscourge loaded with lead, theother with a sword. {CalloL)

Standing each side of tree

growing in a tub, each in adalmatic, holding book andpalm. (Solitaire.) Butler, Tille-

mont, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Getulius and Com-panionsMM. Decap. at Rome c. 124(June 10). A Christian living

at Gabu during Hadrian'spersecution. The vice-consul,

Cerealis, was sent to arrest him,but was himself converted.

With two companions,they weresentenced to be burnt, butGetulius' pile, being wet, wouldnot light, and his executioners

beat him to death with vine-

poles. Butler, Tillemont, Rom.Mart.

St. Ghislain of HainaultC. c. 681 (Oct. 9). Founder of

the monastery of Ursidongus,

now St. Ghislain, he also per-

suaded St. Waldetrude to foundthe nunnery of SS. Peter andPaul at Mons. Butler, Fleury,

Rom. Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. Gibrian of RheimsP.C. 6th cent. (?) (May 8). Heis said to have been a brother

of St. Tressian (Feb. 7), and to

have settled as a recluse near

the River Cole, a tributary of

the Mame. Flodoard, Gall.

Mart.

St. Gilbert of CaithnessB. d. 1240 (Apr. i). Archdeaconof his native district of Moray,

he was appointed Bishop of

Caithness on the murder of

Bishop Ardan. AberdeenBreviary, Hector Boece and DavidCamerarius.

St. Gilbert of Lemp-ringham

Ab. 1189 (Feb. 4). Church in

his hand. (Cahier.) Rom.,Ang.,

Belg., Bene, and Cist. Marts.

St. Gilbert the PilgrimN.D. Dying on his knees, sheep

Ijang around him. [Cahier.)

St. Gildard of

NormandyC. c. 526 (June 8). Was Bishop

of Rouen for fifteen years, and

Saints and their Emblemsassisted at the Council ofOrleans in 511. Butler, Pom-meraye, etc. With St. Medard inthe Rom. Mart, and Paris andSarum Breviaries.

St. Gildas ("the Scot")of Glastonbury

C. d. 512 (Jan. 29). Son ofCaunus, King of a provincein North Britain, he lived inretirement in the Hebrides,whence he was driven byOrcadian pirates, escaping byway of the Isles of Ronech andEcni to Glastonbury. Butler,

Alford, Lobineau, Wm. ofMalmesbury.

St. Gildas. SeeSt. Aneurin

(Oct. 26).

St. Gildas the Wise ofBrittany

Ab. c. 570 (Jan. 29). A bell

near him. (Cahier.) Butler,

Fleury, Bollandus, Mahillon, etc.

St. Gildwin of Brittany1077 (Jan. 27). A canon of Dol.

St. Giles of St. Omer's,Ghent

O.P. N.D. Regarding tomb-stone on his brother's grave.

(Lib. SSM. Belgii.)

St. Giles of ProvenceAb. c. 712 (Sept. i). Hindlying at his feet. (Roodscreen,

Lessingham and elsewhere.) Hindwith forefeet on his knee, theother knee pierced with anarrow. (Roodscreen formerly at

Gt. Plumstead.) Wounded hindleaping up to him. (Font, Nor-wich Cath. : Window, Sand-ringham.) Shot with an arrow,hind Ijdng by him. (Cat. Sanct.)

Seated, arrow m his breast

;

hind with her forefeet on his

knees. (MS. Hours.) Standing,

a book in his right hand, his

left Wounded by an arrow whenprotecting the hind. (Brit. Mus.,

A . Durer.) Imposing his handsover King Charles Martel.

(Molanus.) Rom. and Gall.

Marts., York and Sarum Brevi-

aries.

St. Gingue. See

St. Gengulf(May 11).

St. Girolamo. See


St. Gisela. See

St. Isberga(May 21).

St. GisellaQ. 1095 (N.D.) Broom in hand.(Cahier.)

55

St. Gislbert of theMarnenth cent. (Feb. 13). Bishopof Meaux.

St. GisleriusC. N.D. As a bishop, with aking, holding up model of achurch between them. (MS.Hours.)

Bl. Gizur of Iceland1118 (May 28). Son andsuccessor to Isleif, first Bishopof Skalholt, the metropolitanseat of Iceland. NecrologiumIslandicum, Kristin. Saga., St.

John of Holar.

St. Glastian of ScotlandB.C. d. 830 (Jan. 28). A nativeof Fife, distinguished for his

virtues and charities during thelast war between the Picts andScots. He died at Kinglace in

Fifeshire. Butler, Adam King,Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Gleb. See St. David(Sept. 5).

St. Glodesind of MetzV. c. 608 (July 25). Daughterof Wintrio, Duke of Austrasia,

her bridegroom was arrested

on her wedding day and cast

into prison, where he died, andshe entered a convent at Metz.Usuardus,Bene. and Gall. Marts.

St. Glyceria of HeracleaV.M. c. 177 (May 13). A maidenof Thrace, tortured by orderof the governor, Sabinus, beinghung up by her hair and beatenfor refusing to Worship idols.

She was martyred at Heraclea.

Gk. Men., Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. GoarB.C. N.D. His mitre supportedin air. (Icon. Sanct.)

St. Goar of TriersP-C. c. 575 (July 6). Threehinds near him. (Ikon.) Hator mantle on a sunbeam. (Ibid.)

An earthen vessel or jug.

(Atirib. der Heil.) Devil on his

shoulder. (Gueffier.) Devil onhis shoulder, earthen vessel in

his hand. (Reginald Scot.) Caus-ing an infant to speak. (Gueffier.)

Butler, TJsuardus, Ado, Rom.Mart.

St. Goban, or Gobain, ofPicardy

P.M. c. 650 (June 20). AnIrishman ordained priest bySt. Fursey. He founded theChurch of St. Peter at Montd'Hermitage, now St. Gobain,where he was murdered byGerman barbarians. Butler,

Papebroke, Gall. Mart.

St. Gobrian.St. Gibrian

(May 8).

See

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Gobrian of Vannes

B. 725 (Nov. 3, 10 or 16). ABreton by birth, he entered theabbey of St. Gildas the Wise at

Rhuys, later being consecratedby Genevius II., Archbishopof Dol, as successor to Morvan,Bishop of Vannes. Gall. Mart.

St. Godard. SeeSt. Gildard

(June 8).

St. Godard of RouenAbp. In archiepiscopaJ vest-

ments, holding a cross, ij^aiy

Chapel windows, Rouen Cath.)

St. Godebertha of

NoyonV. 670 (Apr. 11). Holding aring or receiving one fromSt. EHgius. (Cahier.) Gall, andBelg. Marts.

St. Godefroi, SeeSt. Godfrid

(Nov. 8.)

St. Godelieva ofGhistelles

V.M. 1070 (July 6). Rope roundher neck orm her hand. {Ikon.)

Strangled with a cloth. [Acad.,

Bruges.) With two crowns.

[Cahier.) Belg. Mart.

St. Godfrey, or Godfrid,

of AmiensB.C. 1118 (Nov. 8). Servmgthe sick. [Callot.) A dead doglying near him. (Gueffler.) Em-bracing a poor man. [Weyen.)

Butler, Surius, Gall. Mart.

Bl. Godfrey of Kappen-berg

C. 1127 (Jan. 13). Dish of

loaves in his hand. [Cahier.)

Church in his hand. [Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. Godrick of DurhamH. ii79(May2i). A hermit andpilgrim who settled finally at

Finkley in Eskdale, where his

hermitage eventually becamethe site of a large priory. Butler,

Molanus, Bollandus, Eng. andMonastic Marts.

St. Goelen. See

St. Gudule(Jan. 8).

St. Goeric, or Goery, ofMetz

B. 642 (Sept. 19). His eyes

lying before him on a book onthe ground. [Cahier.) Angelholding his eyes before him ona cloth. [Burgmaier.)

St. Goeznou of BrittanyB. c. 675 (Oct. 25). Of Cornish

descent, and possibly a son of

St. Tudy and brother of St.

Maughan, he built a monasteryand church near Brest, and was

killed by a mason's hammerfaUing from a scaffold at Quim-perle. Breviaries of Leon, Dol

and St. Brieuc.

St. GohardBM. 843 (n.d.) Beheaded at

her altar. [Cahier.)

St. Golf See

St. Gengulf(May 11).

St. Golinduc of SyriaM. Early 7th cent. (July 13).

Wife of a native of HierapoUs,

tortured and martyred by the

PersianMagiforher Christianity.

Gk. and Russ. Mencms. Her

Life by Stephen of HierapoUs.

St. Golwen of BrittanyB. 6th cent. (July i). A bishop

of St. Pol-de-Leon, who resigned

his see to hve as a hermit near

St. Didier. Gall. Marts. Vener-

ated at St. Pol de Leon.

St. Gomerc. 774 (Oct. 11). Angel pointing

outasohtudeforhim. [Gueffler.)

St. Gondebert, or

Gombert, of SensB. 676 (Feb. 21). Our Lordtelling him to dedicate his

church to the B.V. Mary.[Cahier.)

St. GoneriusH. c. 6th cent, (n.d.) SayingMass before a falling altar.

[Cahier.)

St. Gonsalvo ofAmaranto

P.C. c. 13th cent. (Jan. 10).

Beggar at his feet. [Flos. Sanct.)

A bridge in his hand. [Baring-

Gould.) His Life, by Didacusde Rosario. Venerated at Ama-ranti.

St. Gontran or GuntramK.C. 593 (Mar. 28). In a cavefull of money. [Cahier.)

SS. Gordian andEpimachusMM. 362 (May 10). St. Gordian,a magistrate, was beheaded at

Rome, and buried in the sametomb as St. Epimachus, whosebody had been brought fromAlexandria, Where he suffered

martyrdom by being burnt in

lime. All Western Martyrologiessince 6th cent.

St. GordianM. Companion of St. Macrobius(Sept. 13), q.v.

St. GordianaV. Companion of St. Tarsilla

(Dec. 24), q.v., and aunt of St.

Gregory the Great.

St. Gordius of CaesareaM. c. 310 (Jan. 3). A centurionwho reigned during the Dio-

66

cletian persecution. On his re-

entering Caesarea hewas tortured

with leaden scourges and fire,

and finally decapitated. Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Gorgo of ToursM. N.D. (Mar. 11). His body,

discovered near that of St.

Cecilia, Was translated to Toursin 847. The Roman Mart, nameson this date another Gorgo,

martyred at Antioch, of whomno more is known. Bollandus,

Gall. Mart.

St. GorgoniaMatr. c. 371 (Dec. 9). Onlydaughter of St. Gregory Nazian-zen and his wife St. Nonna.Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. (on

Feb. 23).

St. GorgoniusM. Companion of St. Doro-theus (Sept. 9 and Mar. 12), q.v.

St. GoriusM. Companion of St. Marcian

(June 5), q.v.

St. Goslin of Lombardy1061 (Feb. 12). An abbot at

Turin.

St. Gothard of Hildes-heim

B.C. 1038 (May 4). Standingbefore a bishop. [DerHeyl. Leb.)

Dead rising from tombs in his

church. [Cahier.) His cloak

hung on a sunbeam. [Husen-

beth.) Ger. Kalendar.

St. Gotteschalk of

MecklenburgPrince. M. 1066 (June 7).

A prince of the Sclaves Who,calling on Adalbert, Archbishopof Bremen, to aid him in con-verting his people, was stabbedat the foot of the altar atLenzen.Butler, Adam of Bremen, Hel-mold, Cologne Breviary.

St. Goucher ofLimousinAb. 1130 (Apr. 9). Abbotof Aureil (?), he was the friend

and colleague of St. Stephenof Grandmont. Butler, Hen-schenius.

St. Goule. SeeSt. Gudule

(Jan. 8).

St. Gower. See St. Goar(July 6).

St. GracianB.C. N.D. As Bishop, holdinghis crosier with crook turnedinwards hke that of an abbot.[MS. Horce.)

St. Grata of BergamoV. c. 300 (Sept. 4). Companionof SS. Lupo and Adelaide, q.v.

Carrying the head of St. Alex-ander of the Theban legion.

[Salmeggia Brera, Milan.)

Saints and their EmblemsSt. GratiaM. Companion and sister of St.

Bernard of Alzira (Aug. 21), q.v.

SS. Grratian and Felinus,of AronaMM. (June i). Relics at Arona,but the Acts of SS. Gratian andFelinus.in the Arona Pcissionale,

are said to be extracted fromthose of SS. Florentinus andCompanions, of Perugia (also

June i). These Acts themselvesbeing of doubtfid origin, thevery existence of SS. Gratianand Felinus is a matter of con-jecture. Baronius, Rom. Mart.

St. Gratus of Beamc- 550 (Oct. 19). Bishop of

Cleron.

St. Gratus of Bun7th cent. (Oct. 8). A I

Chalons-smr-Saone.

St. Gregory ofChampagne

530 (Dec. 19).

jundylishop of

c.

Auxerre.Bishop of

St. Gregory and Com-panions, of Constanti-nopleMM. 726 (Aug. 9). St. Gregory,

head of the Imperial bodyguard,with others implicated in the

killing of an image-breaker, wasbeaten and dec^itated by the

Emperor Leo. Gk. Men., Rom.Mart.

St. Gregory of LangresB.C. d. 541 (Jan 4). Angelopening church door for him at

midnight. (Gueffier.) Chains in

his hand. {Cahier.) Butler,

Gregory of Tours, Rom. Mart.,

etc.

St. Gregory of NyssaB.C. c. 390 (Mar. 9). Episcopal

vestments, holding book (Ante-

chap., Mag. CoU.,Oxon.) Butler,

Theodoret, his own Works, Letters

of St. Gregory Nazianzen and all

Marts.

St. Gregory the Greatof Rome

Po. Dr. 604 (Mar. 12). Redcope, tiara and patriarchal staff.

\XV. cent, window, Riom, Puyde Dome.) In papal vestments,

holding patriarchal cross. (XV.

cent, window, Wintringham.)

Tall cross and book. (Rood-

screen, Ludham.) Double-barred

cross, writing at lectern, dove

at liis ear. (Roodscreen,

HougUon-le-Dale.) Triple cross

and tiara. (Roodscreen, Lessing-

ham.) Eagle. (Liber Cron.)

Our Saviour appearing to him

at Mass. (Chapel of St. Gregory,

Rome.) Ibid. Our Saviour

scourged, supported by two

angels with scourge and rod.

(Heures, par J. Callot, 1522.)

Ibid., with instruments of His

H

Passion. (Lambrecht.) Dove athis ear, or on his forehead, orhovering over his shoulder.

(Many instances.) Chained to arock. (Attrib. der Heil.) AllWestern Martyrologies.

St. Gregory II. of RomePo.C. 731 (Feb. 13). Ordainedsub-deacon by Pope Sergius I.,

heiacted as treasurer and

Ubrarian underfour Popes beforebeing himself elected to theHoly see. Rom. and other

Western Martyrologies.

St. Gregory III. ofRome

Po. 741 (Nov. 28). Statues of

emperors thrown down by anearthquake ; holy images set

up by his orders. (Icon. Sanct.)

Anastasius the Librarian, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Gregory X. of RomePo.C. d. 1276 (Feb. 16). Bomat Placentia, he Was archdeaconof Liege when elected to thePapal Chair, which had beenvacant for three years, since

the death of Clement IV. But-ler, Rom. Mart.

St. Gregory YII. ofSalerno

Po. C. D. 1085 (May 25).

Dove on his shoulder. (Cahier.)

St. Gregory of Spain(Apr. 24). Bishop of Elvira.

St. Gregory of SpoletoP.M. c. 303 pec. 24). Called

to heaven by an angel. (Icon.

Sanct.) Butler, Surius, Baronius,

Rom. Mart.

St. Gregory ofSwitzerland

Ab. ,996 (Nov. 8). Of Englishdescent, and said to have beenbrother to King Athelstan.

When Abbot of Einsiedeln hereceived St. Wolfgang on his

retirement. Bene. Marts.

St. Gregory of ToursB.C. 596 (Nov. 17). A fish

in his hand, or near him.

(Gueffier.) Shrine or reliquary

in his hand. (Cahier.) Butler,

Surius, Rom., Gall, and Bene.

Marts., etc.

St. Gregory of UtrechtB.C. 776 (Aug. 25). Giving

alms. (Cahier.) Butler, Mabil-

lon, Fleury, Stilting the Bol-

landist, etc.

St. Gregory the Illu-

minator of ArmeniaB. Ap. c. 331 (Sept. 30). Suc-

cessor to the Apostles Thaddeus,Bartholomew and Jude in

Armenia. He suffered great

tortures under K. Tiridates,

whom afterwards he converted.

Butler, Surius, Stilting, Rom.Mart., etc.

67

Bl. Louis BarbadigoGregory of Venice

1697 (June 15). Sent by theRepublic of Venice to the Con-gress of Munster, where hecame into favom: with the PapalNuncio, he was made Bishop of

Bergamo, Cardinal and thenBishop of Padua. Butler, a Lifeby Austin Riccheni.

St. Gregory Nazianzen,or Theologas, of Con-stantinopleCD. Abp. 389 (May 9). Read-ing, Wisdom and Chastityappearing before him. (Callot.)

Butler, Hermant, Tillemont,

Ceillier, etc., and all Martyr-ologies.

St. Gregory the Thau-maturgus of Caesarea

B.C. c. 270 (Nov. 17). Drivingdevils out of heathen temple.

(Callot.) Planting his staff onthe bank of a river. (Cahier.)

Usuardus. Ado, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Grimbald ofWinchester

Ab. c. 903 (July 8). A monkof St. Bertin, who, entertaining

K. Alfred on his way to Rome,was invited to England in 885and ofiered, but declined, thesee of Canterbury. He becameabbot of the secular canonsof Newminster at Winchester.Capgrave, Saussaye, Wyon, Men-ardus, etc., Rom. and Bene.Marts.

St. GrimoaldSdn. M. Companion of St.

Reyiuldis (July 16), q.v.

St. Grimonia ofChapelles

V.M. (Sept. 7). An Irish maidenmartyred in her retreat in

Picardy. Venerated, with herfeUow-martyr, St. Proba, at

Henin Lietard, near Douay.Butter, Stilting.

St. Grisante. SeeSt. Chrysanthus

(Oct. 25).

St. Gualbourg. SeeSt. Walburgis

V. (Feb. 25).

St. Gualfard of YeronaH. 1127 (Apr. 30). Stone cof&nby him. (Ikon^

St. GudeliaV.M. N.D. (Sept. 29). Her headflayed. (Icon. Sanct.)

St. Gudula of BrusselsV. 712 (Jan. 8). Holding alantern. (Roodscreen, WalpoleSt. Peter.) Lantern, devil trying

to extinguish it. (Munich Gal.

,

Jan Schoreel.) Angel lighting

Saints and their Emblemsher lantern and driving awaythe devil. (7. Zurich.) Angel

lighting her lantern, devil trying

to blow it out with bellows.

{Choro. Sancta Brabantics.) Atwisted taper, devil blowing at

it with bellows. (Burgmaier.)

Weaving at a loom. (Chris.

Kunst.) Butler, Hubert of

Brabant, Gallo-Belg. and Col.

Marts., etc.

St. Grudwall of BrittanyB.C. 7th cent. (June 6). Abbotof Plecit in Wales, he journeyed

via Cornwall and Devonshire

(where he is said to have foundeda monastery) to Brittany, wherehe succeeded St. Malo as Bishopof Aleth. His relics were trans-

lated to Ghent. Butler, Wyi-

ford, Henschenius, Lobineau,

Bollandists, etc.

St. Gruennoleus. See

St. Winwaloe(Mar. 3).

St. Guichard. SeeSt. Gohard

N.D.

St. Guido of AnderlechtC. c. 1012 (Sept. 12). Angelsdriving his oxen whilst he prays.

(Cahier.) An ox or horse lying

down near him. [Statue, Ander-lecht Ch.) In pilgrim's habit,

with horse, ox and harrownear him ; in his hand twopaJms. [Baring-Gould.) Butler,

Surius, Belg. and Mod. Rom.Marts.

St. Guido of SpiresAb. C. 1046 (Mar. 31). Fortyyears Abbot of Pomposa. Hisrelics were translated to Spires

by the Emperor Henry III.

Butler, Henschenius.

St. Guignole. SeeSt. Winwaloe

(Mar. 3).

St. Guigo. SeeSt. Gengulf

(May II).

Bl. GuinandusO.P. N.D. Cask of wine at his

feet. [Liber Sand. Belgii O.P.,

Woodchester.)

St. Guinefort. SeeSt. Cucuphas

(July 25).

St. Guinger. SeeSt. Fingar

(Mar. 23).

St. Guinoch. SeeSt. Winnock

(Apr. 13).

St. Guirald. SeeSt. Gerald

(Nov. 5).

St. Gulwall. See

St. Gudwall(June 6).

St. Gummar of LierreC. c. 774 (Oct. II). Obtaining

water from rock. [Icon. Sand.)

Replanting a felled tree.

[Cahier.) Butler, Surius, Rom.,Belg. and Gall. Marts.

St. Gumtramnus of

BurgundyK.C. c. 593 (Mar. 28). Findinga treasure and giving it to the

poor. [Callot.) Three chests of

treasure open before him, globe

and cross on one of them. [Burg-

maier.) Butler, St. Gregory of

Tours, Baillet, Fredegarius.

St. Gundebert, orGumbert, of RheimsM. 8th cent. (Apr. 29). Brotherto St. Nivard, Archbishop of

Rheims (Sept. i), he foundedthe convent of St. Peter at

Rheims and a monastery at

Avesnes. Rheims Breviary.

St. Gundleus of WalesK.H. c. 529 (Mar. 29). A prince

of S. Wales, father of St. Cadoc(Jan. 24) and St. Keyne (Oct. 8).

Butler, Usher, Capgrave, Hen-schenius.

St. Gundulf of Berric- 560 (Jime 17). A Bishop of

Bourges.

St. Gundulf of Limburgc. 680 (July 16). Bishop of

Maestricht.

St. GundulfM. Companion of St. Reyneldis

(July 16), q.v.

St. Gunifortis of PaviaM. N.D. (Aug. 22). Of nobleScottish descent, when boundon a mission to Italy he wasshot with arrows at Milan andleft for dead, but recoveredsufficiently to get to Pavia,where he died. Dempster'sScottish Menology, Rom. Mart.

St. GuntherB.C. 938 (N.D.) Presenting aslipper to the Emperor Otho.[Cahier.)

St. GuntherH. 1045 (N.D.). Communicatedby a bishop on his deathbed.[Cahier.)

St. Gunthiern ofBrittany

Ab. 6th cent. (July 3). Of nobleWelsh blood, he crossed toBrittany and went into retire-

ment on the Isle de Groie, after-

Wards founding a monastery atQuimperle, where he died.

Butter, Lobineau.

58

St. Guntildac. nth cent. Scythe in hand ;

cows and fountain near her.

[Cahier.)

St. Guntramnus. See

St. Guntran(Mar. 28).

St. Gurias and Com-panions, of EdessaMM. 299 (Nov. 15). Christians

of Edessa, tortured and de-

capitated by the governor,

Antoninus, in the Diocletian

persecution. Mod. Rom. Mart.,

Gk. Men.

St. Gurvall. SeeSt. Gudwall

(Jime 6).

St. Guthagon of

OostkerkeH. (July 3). Said to have beenthe son of a Scottish king whodied a recluse at Oostkerke.

His relics were enshrined byGerard, Bishop of Toumai, in

1059. Butler, Colgan, Molanus,Belg. Marts.

St. Guthlac of CroylandP.H. 714 (Apr. II). Putting

devils to flight. [Lives of

the Saints, F. Porter.) Devilsmolesting, an angel consoling

him. [Solitudo.) Scourge in

his hand. [Cahier.) Wmp in

his hand, serpent at his feet.

[Sculpture, Croyland Abbey.)

St. Bartholomew appearing to

him. [Cahier.) Wyon, Menardus,Eng. and Rom. Marts., etc.

St. Guy. See St. Guido(Mar. 31).

St. Guy. See St. Vitus(June 15).

St. Gwenael ofLandevenec

Ab. 6th cent. (Nov. 3). Sonof Runelin, a noble of Quimper,he entered themonasteryof Lan-devenec, under St. Winwaloe,whom he eventually succeeded.Menardus, Vannes, St. Pol-de-Leon and Quimper Breviaries,

Gall. Mart.

St. GwendolineAbs. Companion of St. Brothen(Oct. 18), q.v.

St. Gwerir of Liskeard9th cent. (Apr. 4). A hermitat Ham-Stoke, near Liskeard.K. Alfred is said to have beenhealed of a painful disorder bypraymg at his tomb, erectedby St. Neot. Ferrarius, AnEnglish Mart, of 1608.

St. GwymerCompanion of St. la (Oct. 27),q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Gwynlliw

K.C. of Wales. 6th cent. (Mar.

29). A church (St. Woolo's) is

dedicated to him at Newport,Mon.

SS. Gwynoc andAneurin, of Wales

CC. c. 6th cent. (Oct. 26).

St. Aneurin, or Gildaswas, sonof Caw, prince of Strathclyde,

who was driven from Scotland

by the Picts and settled in

Anglesea. St Gwynoc was a sonof St. Aneurin. Baring-Gould.

St. GwythianM. Companion of St. la (Oct.

27), q.v.

St. Gybrian, SeeSt. Gibrian

(May 8).

St. Habbakuk. SeeSt. Abachum

(Jan. 19).

St. HabentiusMk. M. Companion of St. Peter

(June 7), q.v.

St. Hadelin of Cellos,

Belgiump. c. 690 (Feb. 3). A disciple

of St. Remaclus (Sept. 3), whoaccompanied his master into

the monastery of Stavelo onhis resignation of the bishopric

of Tongres. Ado, Wyon, Men-ardus, Liege and Cologne Maris.

St. Hallward of NorwayM. c. 1050 (May 14). A halbert.

{Baring-Gould.) Scand. andUtrecht Maris.

St. Hansewin. SeeSt. Ansovinus

(Max. 13).

St. Harold of DenmarkK.M. 986 (Nov. i). In his reign

and by his assistance Adalbag,

Archbishop of Bremen, founded

three bishoprics in Jutland andbuilt a great number of churches.

Langebeck, Adam of Bremen.

St. Hebedjesus. See

St. Abdjesus(May 16).

St. HeddaoftheWestSaxons

B. 705 (July 7). A monk of

Whitby, consecrated Bishop of

the West Saxons by Theodoreof Canterbury in 676. Builer,

Bede, Wm. of Malmesbury,

Solier, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Hedwig of SilesiaW. Duchess. 1243 (Oct. 17).

Church and statue of B.V.

Mary in her hands. {Lib.

Cronicarum) Washing the feet

of the poor. {Calloi.) Cross in

hand. {Lib. Pastoralis.) Bare-

footed, shoes in herhand. {Ikon.)

Carrying picture of B.V. Maryand Child. {Ibid.) Christ cruci-

fied blessing her. {Aifrib. derHeil.) In a religious habit,

crown and mantle of princess

near her. {Ibid.) Crowned andveiled, her shoes in her hand.{Baring-Gould.) Builer, Surius,

D'Andilly, Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Hegesippus ofJerusalem

C. c. 180 (Apr. 7). A Jew bybirth, he wrote a history of theChurch in five volimies, fromthe death of Christ to his

own day, which history is nowlost. Usuardus, Ado, Noiker,Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. Heimerad ofBavaria

p. 1019 (June 28). Bom a serf

in Swabia, he became ordainedpriest, made a pilgrimage to

Rome and Jerusalem, after-

Wards quartering himself onthe abbey of Herzfeld. Refus-ing to join the order or obeyits regulations, he was beatenand ejected, meeting with thesame treatment at the Courtof the Empress Cunegunda andfrom Bishop Meinwerk of Pader-bom. He died at Hasungen,and is popularly canonised, butis not included in the RomanMartyrology. Ger. Mart., a Lifeby Egbert of Herzfeld.

St. Helena ofConstanti-nople

Empress, c. 328 (Aug. 18).

Crowned, holding an open book.{XV. cent. Flemish window,Shrewsbury.) Crowned, holding

book and supporting a large

cross. {XVI. cent, window, St.

Mary's, Cologne.) Crowned,embracing a large cross. {Col-

chester seal.) Double-barred or

Jerusalem cross. {Formerly in

St. James's, Norwich.) Holdinga nail over a cup, hammer below.

{Coestveldt Gal., Domenichino.)

Cross, stafE and book. {Fresco,

Eaton Ch.) Church of Jerusalemin her hand. {Aiirib. der Heil.)

Butler, Usher, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Helena of SwedenW.M. c. 1150 (July 31). Con-verted by St. Sigfrid, apostle

of West Gothland, she made apilgrimage to Rome and wasmurdered by her relations on her

return. Butler, Bollandisis,

Swedish Mart.

St. HelenaCompanion of St. la (Oct. 27),

q.v.

St. HelenusB.C. c. 350 (n.d.) Mounted ona crocodile, or killing one bythe sign of the cross. {Cahier.)

59

St. Helerius, or Helier,

of JerseyH.M. 6th cent. (July2i6). Con-verted by St. Marculf (May i),

he became a recluse in the Isle

of Jersey, where he was mur-dered by infidels. Butler, Bol-

landisis, Rennes and Coniances

Breviaries, Evreux Mart.

St. HeliM. Companion of St. Macro-bius (Sept. 13), q.v.

St. Heliconis of CorinthM. 244 (May 28). She is said

to have suffered under theconsuls Gordian and PhiUp, buther Acts being a forgery, hervery existence is doubtful.Menology of the Emperor Basil,

Gk. Men.

St. Heliodorus of AltinoB. 4th cent. (July 3). A friend

and companion of St. Jeromein his journey through Thrace,Bithynia and Pontus. As Bishopof Altino,heattended thecouncilof Aquileja, speaking against

Arianism. Rom. Mart.

St. Helladius of ToledoB. 632 (Jan. 8). Canyingfaggots or straw to an oven.{Cahier.)

St. Hemma. SeeSt. Emma

(June 29).

St. Henrick. SeeSt. Eric

(Mar. 13).

St. Henry of BavariaArmour and mantle, sceptre,

sword and mitre-shaped crown.{Stained glass, Grosvenor ThomasCollection.) Armour, mantleand orb. {XVI. cent, window,Vyne Oratory, Basingstoke.)

St. Henry II. ofGermanyEmp. 1024 (July 15). Holdinga lily with St. Cunegundes.{Piiti Gal., Mancini.) Holdinga globe with dove upon it.

{Burgmaier.) Holding a churchand palm ; devils in the air.

{Calloi.) Asleep, St. Wolf-gang appearing to him. {DerHeyI. Leb.) Church and sword.{Bart, de Bruijn.) Holdingcathedral of Bamberg and asword. {Altar-piece by Wohlge-muth.) Lajdng down sceptre

and crown before an abbot.{Cloisters, Si. Vanne, Verdun.)Rom. and Ger. Marts., etc.

St. Henry the Dane ofNorthumbriaH. 1127 (Jan. 16). Pilgrimspraying round his tomb.{Bavaria Pia.) In his hermitage,wearing a coat of mail. {Cahier.)

Butler, Capgrave, Bollandus,

Eng. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsBl. Henry of Treviso

1315 (Jime 10). A native ofBolsano, he worked as a day-labourer at Treviso, where hebecame renowned for his holylife and is popularly canonisedas St. Rigo. Butler, Fleury,Bollandists, a Life by Dominic,Bishop of Treviso.

St. Henry of XJpsalaAbp. M. 1151 (Jan. 19). AnEnglishman by birth, he wentto Norway with his kinsman,Nicholas Brakspear (the apostleof Norway, afterwards PopeAdrian IV. ) ,and

,going to preach

in Finland, was stoned to deathby barbarians. Butler, Johnand Olaus Magnus, Bollandus.

Bl. Henry a CalistrisO.P. N.D. B.V.Mary appearing,angel offering him a pyx. [Lib.

SS. Belgii O.P., Woodchester.)

Bl. Henry Zdek ofMoravia

1151 (June 25). Bishop of

Olmutz.

St. HeraclidesM. (June 28). A catechumen,mart5n:ed with the sword, anda companion of St. Plutarch,

q.v.

St. Heraclius ofChampagne

c. 522 (June 8). Bishop of Sens.

St. Herbland. SeeSt. Hermeland

(Nov. 25).

St. Herculanus ofPerugiaB.M. 549 (Mar. i). Templeof ApoUo falling before him.{Icon. Sanct.) Benedictinewearing mitre. {Ikon.) A knife.

{Cahier.) Usuardus, Ado,Nother,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Herculanus of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.


St. HerculesM. A Roman soldier and |'com-

panion of St. Alexander (Oct.

22), q.v.

St. Heribert of CologneAbp. C. 1022 (Mar. 16). Ob-taining rain by his prayers.

{Attrib. der Hetl.) St. Henry,Emp., kneehng before him.

{Old engraving.) Church in his

hand. {Cahier.) A Life byLambert of Deutz. Ger. Marts.

St. HerlembaldM. Companion of St. Ariald

(June 27), q.v.

SS. Herlinda andReinilda, of MaeseyckVV. Abs. 9th cent. (Mar. 22).

Churches in their hands.

{Cahier.)

St. Hermagoras ofAquileja

B.M. 1st cent. (July 12). Chosenpastof of Istria by St. Mark

;

ordained first Bishop of all Italy

by St. Peter, and beheaded in

prison, at Aquileja, with his

archdeacon, Fortunatus. Ado,Notker, Usuardus, Rom. Mart.,

etc.

Bl. Herman Joseph ofCologne

B.C. 1226 (Apr. 7). Infant

Jesus in his arms. {Cahier.)

Christ appearing to him withan ox. {Ikon.) Presenting anapple to a picture of the B.V.M.{Sculp., St. Mary Cap., Cologne.)

Presented by an angel to B.V.M.{Vienna Gal., Vandyke.) Pen,red cross and rosebud in his

right hand ; two rings in his

left, painting materials before

him. {Quentin Matsys.) Ink-

horn, pen-case andwriting-book.{Attrib. der Heil.) Butler,

Bollandus.

St. Hermas of PhilippiM. 1st cent. (May 9). A com-panion of St. Herodion (Apr. 8),

he is mentioned by St. Paul in

his Epistle to the Romans(xvi. 14), and is said to havebeen Bishop of Philippi andbrother to Pope Pius I. Butler,

Usuardus, Menology of the

Emperor Basil, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Hermeland of

Aindre, BrittanyAb. c. 750 (Mar. 25 or Nov. 23).

Driving away caterpillars fromtrees. {Cahier.) Vessel full of

wine. {Ibid.)

St. Hermengild ofSevilleK.M. 586 (Apr. 13). Kingbearing an axe. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Beheaded in prison.

{Burgmaier.) Butler, Ado,Notker, Rom. and Spn. Maris.

St. Hermes of RomeM. c. 132 (Aug. 28). On horse-

back, casting a devil out of awoman led by a man with arope. {MS. Hours.) Devilissuing from a child's mouth.{Ibid.) Butler, Ancient WesternMarts.

St. Hermes of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.


St. HermesDn.M. Companion of jSt.

Philip (Oct. 22), q.v.

St. Hermias of Cap-padocia

M. c. 166 (May 31). A soldier

tortured and beheaded atComana in the reign of MarcusAurelius Antoninus. Rom. Mart.,Gk. Men.

60

St. Hermione of

EphesusV.M. c. X-L7 (Sept. 4). Adaughter of St. Philip (probably

St. Philip the Deacon), rnar-

t3n:ed at Ephesus under Trajan.

Gk. Men.

St. HermogenesM. Companion of St. Expeditus

(Apr. 19), q.v.

St. HermogenesM. Companion of St. Menas(Dec. 10), q.v.

SS. Hermylus, D., andStratonicus, ofBelgradeMM. 313 (Jan. 13). A deacon

and his converted gaoler

scourged with knotted willow

rods and drowned in the Danubeby order of Licinius. Gk. Men.

St. Hero of AntiochB.M. c. 128 (Oct. 17). A deacon,

who succeeded his master, St.

Ignatius, after his martyrdom.Usuardus, Ado, Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Herodian and Com-panions, of ThessalyBB. MM. ist cent. (Apr. 8).

A kinsman of St. Paul and first

Bishop of Thessaly, martyredby his face being crushed withstones and finally stabbed witha sword. His companions wereAsjmcritus, Phlegon and Hermas(May 9). Rom. xvi. 14, Gk. Men.and Rom. Mart.

St. HerundinaV. Companion of St. Romula(July 23), q.v.

St. Herve, or Hervaeus,of BrittanyH. c. 373 (June 17). Blind.

{A ttrib. der Heil. ) A wolf leadinghim. {Baring-Gould.) Frogsnear him. {Ikon.) Gall. Marts.

SS. Hesperus and Zoe,of PamphyliaMM. 2nd cent. (May 2). Twoslaves, husband and wife, atAttalia, converted by their sons,Cyriac and Theodulus, withwhom they were racked andburnt alive by their master,Catulus. Gk. Men.

St. Hesychius ofMajamaMk. c. 380 (Oct. 3). Discipleand heir to St. HUarion, withwhom he was expeUed fromGaza. Life of St. Hilarion, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Hesychius ofToulouse

3th cent. (Mar. 16). Bishop of

Vienne.

St. HesychiusM. Companion of St. Peregrinus(July 7), q.v.

Pr.ATE V.

ST. HEYDROP. B.C.

XVI. Century Stained Glass Medallion.

In a private collection.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Hesychius

B. (Mar. i). Companion of St.


St. Hewald. SeeSt. Ewald

(Oct. 3).

St. HeydropB.C. N.D. Three cruets on abook. {Crypt, Ghent Cath.) Asbishop, with cope, holding three

cruets on a book. {XVI. cent,

stained glass medallion.)

St. Hidulphus. SeeSt. Hildulfus

(July II).

St. Hiersetha ofChittlehampton, Devon

N.D. (July 8). Holding a churchtower. {Modern window, Exeter.)

In abbess' robes, holding a plan,

men at work erecting buildingbehind her. {Ibid.) In abbess'robes. {Painting formerly at

Chittlehampton Ch.)

St. Hierome, orHieronymus. SeeSt. Jerome

(Sept. 30).

St. Hilaria, and Com-panions, of AugsburgMM. 301 (Aug. 12). Burnt to

death by pagans. {Cahier.)

Acts of St. Afra (Aug. 5). Ado,Usuardus, Hrabanus, Maurus,Rom. Mart., etc.

St. HilariaM. Mother and companion of

St. Afra (Aug. 5), q.v.

St. Hilarion of Con-stantinople

C. Ab. 845 (June 6). In monas-tic habit, with long hair, one

leg bare to the thigh ; shrine

near him. {XVI. cent, window.)

St. Hilarion of Cj^prusH. 371 (Oct. 21). Riding an

ass, exorcising a devil. {Fresco,

Campo Santo, Pisa.) Clothed

in skins. {Ikon.) Pile of wood or

fimeral pUe. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Holding an hour glass. (Weyen.)

Vanquishing dragon by sign

of the cross. {Fresco, CampoSanto, Pisa.) Butler, Ado,

Hrabanus, Maurus, Sozomen,

Fleury, Rom., Gk. and Russ.

Marts.

St. HilarionMk. Companion of St. Emilian

(Jan. 28), q.v.

St. HilaryPo. 468 (Sept. 10). In blue

robe, with tiara. {Window,

Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) Usuardus,

Ado, Anastasius the Librarian,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Hilary, B., and Com-panions, of AquilejaMM. 285 (Mar. 16). Hilary,

Bishop of Aquileja, Tatian, Jus

deacon, with Felix, Largus andDionysius, three Christian

fellow-prisoners, were tortured

and put to the sword by orderof the governor, Beronius.Usuardus, Bede, Rom. Mart.

St. Hilary of AriesAbp. C. 449 (May 5). Conse-crating a virgin to God ; doveat his ear. {Callot.) Dove overhis head. {Gueffier.) Tillemont,

Hrabanus, Maurus, Notker,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Hilary of PoitiersB.C. 368 (Jan. 13). Holdingopen book of the Gospel. (G.

Campi, St. Ilario, Cremona.)On an island, driving awayserpents. {Callot.) Bishop withthree books. {Gueffier.) Child

in a cradle at his feet raised to

life by him. {Passionael.)

Butler, Tillemont, Ceillier.

St. Hilda of WhitbyV. Abs. 680 (Nov. 17). Abbesswith crosier, a priest elevating

at an altar on each side, anda bird near the Host. {Seal of

Hartlepool.) Holding a modelof her abbey. {Engraving.)

Bede, Durham Missal and Gall.

Mart, (on this day). YorkKalendar (on Aug. 25).

St. HildebertB.C. 686 (n.d.) Hanging his

gloves on sunbeam. {Cahier.).

St. Hildegard of FranceQ. 783 (Apr. 30). Of Swabiandescent, she was wife of theEmperor Charlemagne andmother of Charles, Pepin andLouis. She is venerated at St.

Gall. A Life by the Monk of

Eginhardt of St. Gall.

St. Hildegardis of

BingenV. Abs. 1179 (Sept. 17). Angeldriving away evil spirits.

{Weyen.) Church in her hand.

{Cahier.) Cross appearing at

her death. {Ibid.) Surroundedby beggars. {Ibid.) Butler,

Cave, Stilting, Rom. and Ger.

Marts., etc.

St. Hildegund of

SchonauV. 1188 (Apr. 20). As a pilgrim,

in man's clothing. {Ikon.) Angelon horseback attending her.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Canisius,

Molanus, Wyon, etc.

St. Hildelitha of

Barking, EssexV. Abs. c. 720 (Mar. 24).

Teacher and successor to St.

Ethelburga, first Abbess of

Barking. Bede, Ancient Ang.Marts, and Gall. Mart.

61

St. Hildulfus of TrevesAbp. C. c. 707 (July 11). Exor-cising a boy. {Ikon.) Butler,

Usuardus, Wyon, Greven, Treves,

Lubeck-Cologne and Gall. Marts.

St. Hillonius. SeeSt. Tillo

(Jan. 7).

St. Hiltrudis of LiessiesV. c. 780 (Sept. 27). Lamp andbook, crown of roses. {Ch. of

Benedictines, Liessies.)

St. Hippolytus of PortoB.M. 3rd cent. (Aug. 22).

Companion of St. Timothy(Aug. 22), q.v. Sitting in chair

inscribed with his two Greekcycles of eight years each.

{Statue, Vatican.) Usuardus,Menology of Basil (on Aug. 29),

Rom. Mart.

St. Hippolytus of RomeM. 252 (Aug. 13). In armour,bearing paJm. {Alessandro

Bonvicino.) Bearing a lance.

{St. Laurence without the Walls,

Rome.) Holding a sieve. {Ibid.)

Tied to a tree and tornwith hooks. {Der Heyl. Leb.)

Dragged and torn by horses.

{Bruges Cath.) Holding twokeys, as a gaoler. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Burying body of St.

Laurence. D. {Window, N.D.de Lorette, Paris.) Holding aninstrument resembling a curry-

comb. {Florence Acad.) Rom.Mart., Gk. Men., etc.

Bl. HippolytusGalantini of Florence

1619 (Mar. 20). Founder of theInstitute of Christian Brothers.

St. Holofius. SeeSt. Olaf

(July 29).

St. Homobonus ofCremona

C. 1197 (Nov. 13). Distributing

money and food, flasks of winenear him. {Pal. Reale, Venice,

Bonifazio.) Prostrate and deadbefore altar. {Cahier.) Angelsmaking garments for him. {Icon.

Sanct.) Butler, Surius.

St. Honestus ofPampeluna

P.M. Ap. c. 270 (Feb. 16).

A native of Nimes convertedand ordained by St. Satuminus.St. Firminus I. (Sept. 25) washis pupil. Toulouse, Amiens andPampeluna Breviaries, Wytford,Usuardus.

St. Honoratus, orHonor6, of Amiens

B.C. c. 660 (May 16). A nativeof Ponthieu and titular saint

of the Carthusian monastery at

Abbeville. Butler, Lefevre,

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Honoratus of Aries

B.C. 435 (Jan. i6). Mitre andcrosier brought him on anisland. (Calloi.) Preaching in a

pulpit. {Gueffier.) Commandingwater to flow from a rock.

(Colum. milit. Eccl.) Expelling

serpents from an island with his

staff. [Raring-Gould.) Butler,

A Life by St. Hilarius of Aries.

St. Honoratus of

Lombardy570 (Feb. 8). Bishop of Milan.

St. HonoratusM. One of the Twelve Brothers

(Sept. i), q.v.

St. Honorina of

ConflansV.M. N.D. (Feb. 27). Relics

translated to Conflans c. 912.

Nothing more is known of this

saint. Some Gall. Marts.

St. Honorius of Canter-buryAbp. C. 653 (Sept. 30). Holdinga baker's peel. {Roodscreen,

Wolborough.) Baker's peel, withthree loaves on it. {Solitaire.)

Consecrating St. Birinus. (Early

window, Dorchester Ch., Oxon.)

Butler, Capgrave, Bede, Rom.Mart.

St. Honorius ofLombardy586 (Apr. 24). Bishop of

Brescia.

St. HopeV.M. Companion of St. Faith

(Aug. i), q.v.

St. HormisdasPo. 523 (Aug. 6). A Campaniansuccessor to St. Symmachus(July 19) in the Papal Chair.

Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Hormisdas of PersiaCM. c. 420 (Aug. 8). A camelnear him. (Weyen.) Keepingcamels. (Gueffier.) Butler,

Theodoret, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. HormisdasM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct. 4), q.v.

St, Hospicius of Villa-

francaH. 681 (Oct. 15). Voluntarily

in prison, chained. (Cahier.)

Bl. Hrabanus Maurusof MainzAbp. 856 (Feb. 4). An illustri-

ous writer of the 9th century,

educated in the monastery of

Fulda and later at Tours imderB. Alcuin (May 19). He waschosen Abbot of Fulda in 822and Archbishop of Mainz in 847.His Life by Rudolph of Fulda.

St. Hrosnata of TopiM. 1217 (July 14). A Bohemiannoble at the Court of Ottocar,

founder of the Norbertine mon-astery of Topi, to which later

he retired himself. Taken byenemies when inspecting theabbey property, he was throwninto a dungeon and murdered.Norbertine and Bohemian Marts.

St. Hubert of LifegeBp. 727 (Nov. 3). Stag on abook. (Coins of Dudry of

Juliers.) Ibid., crucifix be-

tween its horns. (Munich Gal.,

Wilhelm von Koln.) Stag withcrucifix between its horns.(Callot.) /6j«?., bounding beforeahimterkneeUng. (MS. Hours.)Stag, book and crosier. (NationalGal.) Angel bringing him astole. (Freude Miniature, c.

1500 , Heures d'Anne de Bretaf;ne,

and Burgmaier.) Butler, Mabil-lon, Le Cointe, Ado, Usuardus,Notker,] Sarum and YorkBreviaries, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Hubland. SeeSt. Hermeland

(Nov. 25).

St. Hugh of Champagne1141 (Aug. 10). Bishop of

Auxerre.

St. Hugh of ClunyAb. C. 1109 (Apr. 29). Suc-cessor to St. Odilo, Abbot of

Cluny. Butler, Papebroke, Ceil-

lier, Mabillon, Rom., Gall, andBene. Marts.

St. Hugh of GrenobleB.C. 1132 (Apr. i). Raising anexecuted man to life. (Old

engraving.) Holding a stem withseven stars. (Flemish window.*)Threeflowers in his hand. (Ikon.

)

A mitre. (Attrib. der Heil.) Alantern. (Husenbeth.) Angelprotecting him from lightning.

(Die Heiligenbid.) Wytford,Greven, Gall, and Rom. Marts.,

etc.

St. Hugh, Bishop ofLincoln

C. 120 (Nov. 17). Angel pro-tecting him from lightning. Inerror for St. Hugh of Grenoble (?)

.

(Cahier.) Infant Jesus appear-ing to him in the Sacred Hostwhen saying Mass. (Ibid.)

Swan beside him, chalice inhand, from which issues theInfant Jesus. (Flemish window,XV. cent.*) Butler, Surius,Rom. Mart., Sarum Breviary, etc.

St. Hugh, the Martyr ofLincoln

1255 (Aug. 27). A child, nailedupon cross. (Jameson.) Ibid.,

standing with palm and cross.

(Ibid.) Butler, Hearne, MatthewParis, Wilson, etc.

St. Hugh of Normandy730 (Apr. 9). Bishop of Rouen.

* See frontispiece.

62

Bl. Hugo of VaucellesMk. 1236 (Mar. 29). Dean of

Cambrai, he retired to the

monastery of Vaucelles to avoid

preferment. Gall. Mart.

St. HugolinM. One of the seven Franciscan

Martyrs (Oct. 13), q.v.

St. HumbelineV. Abs. 1141 (N.D.) Standingbehind her brother, St. Bernardof Clairvaux (Aug. 20). (Choir

window, Lichfield Cath.) Life of

St. Bernard.

St. Humbert ofHainault

C. Ab. 680 (Mar. 25). Angelmarking a cross on his forehead.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Star on his

forehead. (Chris. Kunst.) Abear. (Ibid.) Stag takingrefuge under his mantle, whichlies on the ground. (Cahier.)

Obtaining a fountain by prayer.

(Ibid.) Belg. Fran, and Ger.

Marts.

St. Humphrey ofPicardy

871 (Mar. 8). Bishop of The-rouanne.

St. HunnaN.D. A piece of Unen in his

hand. (Ikon.)

St. Huvar. SeeSt. Herve

(June 17).

St. Hyacinth ofCaesareaM. Early 2nd cent. (July 3).

Refusing to eat food that hadbeen offered to idols, he diedof starvation in prison. He is

said to have been chamberlainto the EmperorTrajan. RussianKalendar, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Hyacinth ofPaphlagoniaM. (July 17). A native of

Amastris tortured for hewingdown a sacred tree. He diedin prison of his injuries. Gk.Men. and Russ. Kalendar (on

July 18). Mod. Rom. Mart.(on above date).

St. Hyacinth of PolandC. (O.P.) 1257 (Aug. 16).

Sailing on the sea on his cloak.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Curing thebite of a scorpion. (Malosso ofCremona.) Restoring a drownedyouth to life. (Bologna, Brizzio.)

Ciborium, and image of B.V.Mary. (Mayence Museum.)Crossing the Dneister withciborium and image of B.V.Mary. (Louvre, Leandro Bas-sano.) B.V. Mary with HolyInfant appearing to him. (L.

Caracci.) Butler, Cuper the

Bollandist, Rom. Mart., etc.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. HyacinthM. Companion of St. Protus(Sept. ii), q.v.

St. Hyacintha ofViterbo

V. 1640 (Jan. 30). Holding ascourge. {Engraving, SocietySt. Augustine.) Rom. Mart.

St. HyginusPo. M. d. 142 (Jan.; II). Suc-cessor to St. Telesphorus asPope, A.D. 139, he is describedas a martyr, probably onaccount of the persecutionduring his life rather than themanner of his death, which doesnot appear to have been aviolent one. Butler, TiUemont.

St. Hymelin of Yisse-naeken

p.p. 8th cent. (Mar. 10). AnIrishman and near relative of

St. Rumbold, who died at Visse-

naeken inBrabant whilst return-

ing from a pilgrimage to Rome.Aberdeen Breviary, Rom. andAng. Marts.

St. Hymerius of Italyc. 560 (Jtme 17). Bishop of

AureUa.

St. HypatiusB.M. c. 350 (Aug. 29). Draggmga dragon by his crosier into agreat fire. (Cahier.)

St. Hypatius of Paph-lagoniaB.M. 325 (Nov. 14). As Bishopof Gangra he attended the

Council of Nicaea, on his return

from which he was stoned to

death by the Novatians. Gk.Men., Rom. Mart.

St. HypatiusM. Companion of St. Leontius

(Jime 18), q.v.

St. HypatiusM. Companion of St. Theodulus

(Jan. 14), q.v.

St. HyperechiusM. Companion of St. Marcian

(June 5), q.v.

SS. la and Breacha,

of CornwallVV. 6th cent. (Oct. 27). la,

the daughter of an Irish noble-

man, and Breacha, educated in

a monastery foimded by St.

Bridget, were missionaries to

Cornwall landing with others

at Pendinas. Calloners' British

Mart.

St. la, and Companions,

of PersiaMM. c. 360 (Aug. 4). A Greek

slave who, with her converts,

was beaten to deathwith knotted

apple boughs and wire scourges

under King Sapor. Gk. Acts,

Rom. Mart.

St. laderusM. Companion of St. Neme-sianus (Sept. 10), q.v.

St. lago. See St. James(July 25).

St. Ibar of LeinsterB. c. 500 (Apr. 23). Uncle toSt. Abban of Magharhoide, heis said to have been consecratedbishop by St. Patrick and to

have biult a monastery atBeg-erinon the coast of Leinstre.

Butler, Usher, Colgan, TallaghtMart.

St. Iberga. SeeSt. Isberga

(May 21).

St. Ida of HerzfeldtW. c. 813 (Sept. 4). FiUing atomb with food for ^the poor.

{Gueffier.) Dove over her head.{Burgmaier.) Carrying a church.(Husenbeth.) Butler, Uffing,Suysken the Bollandisi, Ger,

Marts.

St. Ida of JSTivelles1231 (n.d.) Our Saviour receiv-

ing her tears. (Cahier.)

St. Ida of Soissonsc. 1250 (Mar. 25). An abbessof Argensolles.

St. Ida, or Idda, ofToggenburg

Cts. 1226 (Nov. 3). Raven withring in its beak. (Ikon.) Stagwith flames on its horns.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Ger. Maris.

St. Idaberga of CaisterV. c. 650 (June 20). Daughterof Penda, K. of Mercia, andsister to St. Cuneberga. Butler,

Leland, Capgrave, Henschenius,Papebroke, etc.

St. Iduberga, or Itta, ofNivelles

Matr. 652 (May 8). Wife of

St. Pepin of Louden (Feb. 21),

and mother of St. Begga (Dec.

17) and St. Gertrude (Mar 21).

Gall., Belg. and Bene. Marts.

St. Idus of Leinsterc. 500 (July 14). A disciple

of St. Patrick and Bishop of

Athfadha. Butter, Colgan.

St. Ignatius of

ByzantiumPatr. 878 (Oct. 23). Successor

to St. Methodius as Patriarch

of Constantinople, he wasdriven from his see by Bardasbut restored by the EmperorBasil. Butler, Baronius.

Bl. Ignatius Azeredo,and Companions, of

PalmaMM. 1570 (July 15). Superior

of the Jesuit mission to Brazil,

murdered aboard ship, off the

68

Canary Islands, with thirty-

nine companions, by FrenchCalvinists. Rom. Mart.

St. Ignatius Loyola of

RomeC. 1556 (July 31). Founder of

the Society of Jesus. I H S onhis breast or within rays in his

hand. (Ikon.) His hand on the

book of his constitutions, I H Sabove him in light. (WarwickCastle, Rubens.) Christ appear-

ing to him, bearing His cross.

(Cahier.) His Life by Gonsalvo,

Pinius the Bollandist, Butler,

Rom. , Bruges and Treves Marts.

,

etc.

St. Ignatius Theo-phorus of Antioch

B.M. 108 (Feb. i). Regardinga crucifix, hon at side. (Ante-

chap. , Mag. Coll. , Oxon. ) Stand-ing between two Uons. (IX.

cent. Greek MS.) In chains.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Holding aheart with IH S upon it. (Mola-

nus.) Fiery globe in his hand.(Sandringham Ch.) Heart withI H S torn out by Uons. (Paint-

ing, Ribera.) A red heart in

hand, with I H S over it in gold

letters. (Predella.Fra Angelica.)

Eusebius, TiUemont, Ceillier,

Butler, Rom, Mart., etc.

St. IgnatiusM. Companion of St. Celerinus

(Feb. 3), q.v.

St. Ildefonsus ofToledoAbp. 667 (Jan. 23). Whitecope or vestments brought himby the B.V. Mary. (ViennaGal., Rubens and MadridGal., Murillo.) Butler, Mabillon,Fleury, Rom. Mart.

St. lUidius of ClermontB.C. c. 380 (June 5). Raisingthe dead. (Weyen.) St. Gregory

of Tours, Branche, Savaron,Butler.

St, Iltutus, or Iltyd, ofWales

Ab. 6th cent. (Nov. 6). Asoldier in K. Arthur's army.Converted by St. Cadoc(Jan.24),and St. Dubricius (Nov. 14).

He was founder and first Abbotof Lantwit monastery. Butler,

Usher, Alford, Leland, etc.

Bl. ImeldaV. c. 1333 (n.d.) Sacred Hostappearing to her. (Cahier.)

St. Immilion. SeeSt. Emilian

(Nov. 16).

Bl. ImneriusC. N.D. Dominican,dove breath-ing flames flying to his mouth,book in left hand. (Predella,

Fra Angelica.)

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Ina, King of the W.S axons

730 (Feb. 6). Founder of the

bishopric of Sherborne, Wells

Cathedral and Glastonbury

Abbey. Ferrarius, Wm. of

Malmeshury, Eng. Mart.

St. IndalesiusB. (May 15). Companion of St.

Torquatus (Apr. 30) ,q.v.

SS. Indract andDominica, of Glaston-

buryMM. c. 700 (Feb. 5). Brother

and sister of Royal Irish birth,

they settled as hermits near

Glastonbury, where they weremurdered by robbers. Wm. of

Malmeshury, Cafgrave, Ancient

Eng. Marts.

St. IngenuinusB.C. Driven by soldiers into

exile. [Bavaria Pia.)

SS. Injuriosus, C, andScholastica, ofAuvergne

c. 388 (May 25). A husbandandwife noted for their chastity

and venerated in Auvergneas " Les Deux Amants." St.

Gregory of Tours, Gall. Mart.

SS. Inna, Rima andPinna2nd cent, (n.d.) Fastened to

stakes set in frozen water.

{Cahier.)

St. Innocent I.

Po. 417 (July 28). Angel bring-

ing him a crown. (Weyen.)

Butler, Anastasius the Librarian,

Rom. Mart.

St. Innocent of Maine542 (June 19). A native of LeMans, he was baptized, educated

and ordained by St. Victorius.

He succeeded St. Principius as

Bishop of Le Mans. Le MansBreviary, GaU. Mart.

St. Innocent of

Piedmontc. 350 (Apr. 17). Bishop of

Tortona.

St. Innocent of Siberia1731. (Nov. 26). A Bishop of

Irkutsk.

St. InnocentiaV. Daughter of SS. Severus andVincentia (Feb. i), q.v.

St. IphigeniaV. ist cent (Sept. 21). Bap-tized by St. Matthew [Callot.)

St. Irchard. See

St. Yarcard(Aug. 24).

St. Irenaeus of

HungaryB.M. 304 (Mar. 24). Bishop of

Sirmium in Pannonia, he wasracked and beheaded and his

body thrown into the River

Boswethe by order of the

governor, Probus, in the Dio-

cletian persecution. Butler,

Henschenius, Ruinart.

St. Irenaeus of LyonsB.M. 202 (June 28). Book or

casket. {Antechap., Mag. Coll.,

Oxon.) A Ughted torch in his

hand. (Cahier.) Butler, Tille-

mont, Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc.

SS. Irenaeus, D., andMustiola, of TuscanyMM. 275 (July 3). Irenaeus

was tortured and died on the

rack at Clusina. Mustiola, awealthy Christian lady, wasscourged to death for visiting

him in prison. Usuardus, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. IrenaeusM. Companion of St. Abundius(Aug. 26), q.v.

St. Irene, Empress of

Constantinople1124 (Aug. 13). Wife of JohnCommenus, Emperor of the

East. She founded the mon-astery of the Saviour at Con-stantinople. Gk. Men.

St. Irene of SantaremM. 653 (Oct. 20). Stabbed with

a dagger. (Cahier.) As a Bene-dictine nun, pregnant, with

a sword through her throat.

(Baring-Gould.) Mod. Rom.,Spn. and Port. Marts.

St, Irene of Thessa-lonica

V.M. 290 (Apr. 5). Sister andcompanion to St. Agape (Apr.

3),^'.!:;. Idols at her feet. (Ikon.)

Horse near her. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Holding a sword. (Ibid.)

St. IreneM. Companion of St. Marcian

(June 5), q.v.

St. IreneM. Companion of St Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

Bl. Irmgard of Colognev. c. 1680 (Sept. 4). Daughterof the Count of Zutphen, she

spent her Ufe in seclusion andpilgrimages, smd at death be-

queathed all her lands to the

churches of SS. Peter and Pan-taleon at Cologne. Greven,

Molanus, Canisius, Acta Sanc-

torum, Ger. Maris., etc.

SS. Irmina and Adela,of TrevesVV. 720 Pec. 24). St. Irminawith a church in her hand.(Cahier.) Gall, and Ger. Marts.

St. Isaac of CordovaMk. M. 851 (June 3). Angelleading him. (Old engraving.)

Lying on doorstep, two keysin his hand ; man praying overhim. (P&res des Deserts.)

64

St. Isaac of BethSeleucia

B. Companion of St. Sapor

(Nov. 30), q.v.

St. IsaacMk. M. Companion of St.

Theodulus (Jan. 14), q.v.

Bl. Isabel of FranceV. 1270 (Aug. 31). Daughter

of Louis VIII. and Blanche of

CastUe, she founded the nunnery

of the Humihty of Our Ladyat Longchamps. Holding lily,

crown encircling left wrist.

(Engraving.) Butler, Du Cange,

Joinville, etc.

St. IsaiasH.M. Companion of St. Sabbas

(Jan. 14), q.v.

St. Isapostolos. See

St. Constantine(May 21).

St. Isberga, or Iberque,

of ArtoisV. c. 800 (May 21). Daughterof Pepin the Short and sister

of Charlemagne, she founded

and retired into the nunnery of

St. Peter at Aire or Yberghe, in

Artois. Artois Breviary, Gall,

and Belg. Marts.

St. Ischyrion of

AlexandriaM. 250 pec. 22). Stake thrust

into his bowels. (Gueffier.)

Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. IsiahM. Companion of St. Ehas(Feb. 16), q.v.

St. Isidora of EgyptV. (May i) Servant to animnery at Tabenna in UpperEgypt. Gk. Men.

St. Isidore ofAlexandria

P.Mk. c. 404 (Jan. 15). Madehospitaller by St. Athanasius,

he suffered persecution fromLucius the Arian and fromTheophilus. He died at Con-stantinople. Butler, Palladius,

Socrates, Sozomen, Theodoref,

etc.

St. Isidore of Egyptp. Mk. c. 44.9 (Feb. 4). A monkfrom his childhood, he becameSuperior of a monastery in thevicinity of Pelusium. He wasgreatly venerated by St. Cyril

and ms contemporary prelates.

Butler, Photius, Tillemont, Bol-landus, etc.

St. Isidore theHusbandman ofMadrid

C. 1170 (May 10). Prayingbefore a cross, angel ploughingwith white oxen near him.(Bilder Legende.) Hoe or rakein hand, {pitti Gal., St. dePesaro.) Butler.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Isidore of Sc6t6

P.H. c. 391 (Jan. 15). Plough-ing, or his plough hdd by anangel. [Cahier.) Obtaining afountain with his spade. {Ibid.)

Butler, Tiliemont, Rom. Mart.

St. Isidore of SevilleB. 636 (Apr 4). With a penand hive of bees. {Baring-

Gould.) Butler, Usuardus, Rom.and Spn. Marts.

St. IsmaelM. Companion of St. Manuel(June 17), q.v.

St. Isoie. SeeSt. Eusebia

(Mar. 16).

St. Isychius of Toulouse494 (Nov. 12). Bishop of Vienne.

St. Isychius II. ofToulouse

c. 565 (Nov 12). Bishop of

Vienne.

St. Ita. See St. Ytha(Jan. 15).

St. Ithamar of Kent656 (June 10). A native of

Kent, ordained Bishop of

Rochester by Archbishop Hono-rius. His relics were translated

by Bishop Gundulf of Rochester

(1077-1107). Bede, Menardus,Bucelinus, Eng. Mart.

St. ItisbergeV N.D. iKlding a serpent.

{Old engraving.)

St. Itta. See St. Ida(Sept. 4).

St. Ivan of BohemiaH. 910 (June 24). Crown near

him. {Cahier.) Hind near him.

{Ibid.) Horse near him. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Bohemian Kalendar,

Prague Breviary.

St. Ives. See St. la(Oct. 27).

St. Ives of ChartresB.C. 1115 (Dec. 23). Preaching

to clergy. {Cahier.) His ownletters, Gall. Marts.

St. Ives, Ivia or Ivo, of

HuntingdonB.C. 7th cent. (Apr. 25). Foun-tain flowing from his tomb.

{Cahier.) Wm. of Malmesbury,

Butler, Camden, Harpsfield, Ang.

Mart., etc.

S. Ives of BretagneC. 303 Deed with seaJ in his

hand. {Cahier.) A dove flsang

round him. (ibid.) Wearingfurred robes, and lawyer's

bonnet. {Emboli, Florence Gal.)

Jameson.

St. Jacob of Dijon8th cent. (June 23). Bishop

of Toul, on his return from a

pilgrimage to Rome he died.

kneeling at the tomb of St.

Benignus at Dijon. LangresBreviary, Gall. Marts.

St. James the GreatApostle. 1st cent. (July 25).

Holding a sword. {XV. cent,

window, Wintringham.) Pil-

grim's hat and staff, holdinga book ; his robe embroideredwith shells, both bivalve andunivalve. {Window, Doddis-combsleigh.) Pilgrim with staff

and shell. {Roodscreens at

Worsted and Edingthorpe.)Staff, shell, hat and wallet.

{Roodscreen, Blofield; window,N. Tuddenham.) Staff andwallet with shell upon it.

{Roodscreen, Ringland.) As achild, with staff and wallet.

{Roodscreen, Houghton-le-Dale.)

Staff and book. {Roodscreen,

Ranworth.) Holding a large

shell. {XV. cent, window,Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin ;

Brass, St Albans.) On a whitecharger, conquering Saracens.{Carreno de Miranda.) Bannerwith cross sword of Calatrava.

{Cahier.) Keys in his hand{Ibid.) A sword. {Molanus.)

Beheaded with a sword. (Ch.

of SS. Neres and Achilles,

Rome.) Leaning on sword.{XV. cent, window, KunstgewerbeMuseum, Berlin.) With scroll

:

" Qui conceptus est de SpirituSancto natus ex Maria Virgine."

{Window, Fairford.) TheGospels,and all Martyrologies.

St. James the LessApostle. 1st cent. (May i). Afuller's club in his hand. {Rood-

screens at Ranworth, Lessingham,

Blofield, Worstead, Ringland,

Tunstead, etc. , and countless other

instances.) Club at his feet.

(Lambrecht.) Club and book.{XV. cent, window, Wintring-

ham.) Withahalbert. {Window,Ludlow.) Child with a toy mill

in his hand. {Parclose screen,

Ranworth.) Child with palmbranch. {Roodscreen, Houghton.le-Dale. ) Brains beaten out witha fuller's club. {Der Heyl. Leb.)

Saw in his hand. {West window,Melbury Bubb.) Scroll with :

<' Ascendit ad Coelos, sedit addexteram Dei Patris omni-potentis." {Window, Fairford.)

The Gospels andi all Martyr-ologies.

St. James de la Marcaof Ancona

O.M. 1476 (Nov. 28). Cup withserpent by it. {Cahier.) Rom.and Frans. Marts.

Bl. James of MesaniaC. N.D. Dominican inscribing

IH S on his breast with a stylus.

{Predella, Fra Angelico.)

St. James of Meso-potamia

520 (Oct. 29). Bishop of Sarug.

65

St. James of NisibisB. c. 350 (July 15). Standingon a wall invoking heavenagainst a host, ^ires desDeserts.) Butler, Theodoret,

Genuadius, Tiliemont, Ceillier,


St. James the Penitentof Palestine

6th cent. (Jan. 28). In or neara sepulchre. {Solitudo.) Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

St. James the Penitent(another)

5th cent. On a mountain pray-ing in chains. (P^res des Deserts.)

St. James Intercisus ofPersiaM. 421 (Nov. 27). Sawn in

pieces. {Cat. Sanct.) Feet andhands chopped off. {Das Pas-sionael.) Rom. and Copt. Marts.,

Gk. Men.

St. James of SclavoniaC. 1483 (Apr. 20). A nativeof Dalmatia and lay-brother in

the Franciscan monastery of

Bitecto. Butler, Papebroke.

St. James of TarantaiseB.C 5th cent (Jan. 16). Abear drawing a plough. {Ikon.)

Bollandus.

St. James of YorkDn.C. c. 650 (Aug. 17). Acompanion of St. Paulinus in

the Northumbrian mission, healone maintained the faith at

York after the pagan missionwhich followed the battle of

Hatfield in 633. Mayhem's Bene.Mart., Memorial of British

Piety, 1761 (on Oct. 18).

Bl. James of UlmMk. (Oct. 12). Pilgrim, soldier,

monk and glasspainter, he wasa son of Theodoric, a merchantof Ulm. He made a pilgrimageto Rome in 1432, afterwardsserving under AJphonso of

Aragon, and later entered theDominican monastery of Bo-logna, where he died. Melloni's

Acts of Bolognese Saints, LeandroAlberto.

Bl. James (another)C. N.D. Dominican holding ablossoming lily in a gold pot.

{Predella, Fra Angelico.)

Bl. James (another)C. N.D. Dominican, red heartmarked " J.H.V.S." in his ri^ht

hand, scapular held back withleft to show a red woimd in

his right side. {Predella, FraAngelico.)

St. JamesMk. N.D. Holding the instru-

ments of the Passion. {Weyen.)

Query : Is this Bl. James of

Ulma?

Saints and their EmblemsSt. JamesD. Companion of St. Marian(Apr. 30), q.v.

St. Jane Frances deChantal of AnnecyW. Abs. 1641 (Aug. 21). Hold-ing a heart with I H S. (Cahier.)

Lives by Beaufils, De Maupasand Morsollier, Rom. Mart.

St. Jane. See

St. Joanna(Feb. 4).

St. JanuariaOne of the Scillitan Martyrs.

Companion of St. Speratus

(July 17), q.v.

St. Januarius, and Com-panions, of Africa

N.D. (July 10). Said to havebeen decapitated in Africa.

SS. Nabor and FeUx are vener-

ated as Mauretanian soldiers

at MUan and Cologne, bothplaces claiming their relics.

Rom. Mart.

St. Januarius, B., andCompanions, ofBeneventoMM. 305 (Sept. 19). In ep»is-

copal robes, holding palm, withVesuvius behind him (Jame-son.) Thrown into a fiery fur-

nace. [Spagnolette.) Tied to a

tree. [Chris. Kunst.) Heatedoven beside him. [Cahier.)

Surrounded by wild beasts.

[Ikon.) Vials with his blood onbook of the Gospels. [Church

in Spain.) Praying in the midstof flames. [Weyen.) Lighting

a fire. [Husenbeth.) Holdingsword and crosier. [Antechap.,

Mag. Coll., Oxon.) Bede, Butler,

Tillemont, Stilting, Rom. Mart.,

etc.

St. JanuariusM. One of the Twelve Brothers

(Sept. i), q.v.

St. JanuariusM. Companion of St. Faustus(Oct. 13), q.v.

St. Jarlath of TuamB. c. 560 (Dec. 26). A native

of Connaught, educated andreceived into holy orders byBeguinus, Archbishop of

Armagh, he founded and wasfirst Bishop of the diocese of

Tuam. Butler, Colgan, Ware,Usher, Celt. Mart.

St. Jarman. See

St. Germain(July 3)-

St. JasonCompanion of St. Sosipater

(June 25), q.v.

St. JeremiahM. Companion of St, Elias

(Feb. 16), q.v.

St. JeremiasM. Companion of St. Emilias

(Sept. 15), q.v.

St. JeremiasMk. M. Companion of St.

Peter (June 7), q.v.

St. Jerome the GreatDr. 419 (Sept. 30). A doctor,

holding pen and book, Uon at

his feet. [XV. cent, window,Wintringham.) Beating his

breast with a stone. [Window,Montmorency.) Cardinal's hat

and robes. [Roodscreens.Lessing-

ham and Rusion, and countless

other examples.) Ibid., withinkhom, scroll, cross, staff andlion at his feet. [Roodscreen,

Houghton,-le-Dale.) Ibid., Honleading up to him. [National

Gallery.) Lion beside him.

[Perugino.) With an ink bottle.

[Roodscreen, Morston.) Carry-

ing a church. [Vivarini.) Stonein his hand. [Raphael.) Trum-pet sounding in his ear. [Ribera.

)

Crucifix-headed staff, Hon at

his feet. (Massaccio.) Extract-

ing thorn from Hon's foot.

[Naples, Coll. Antonio da Fiore.)

Writing, two angels by him,hour-glass, etc. [Pitti Pal.)

Reproved in a vision by the

words :" Ciceronianus es."

[Domenichino.) Holding a skull.

[B. Lanini, Turin Gal.)

Kneeling on thorns, or wearinga garment woven with thorns.

[Attrib. der Heil.) All Mar-tyrologies.

St. Jerome Emiliani of

VeniceC. 1537 (July 20). Founder of

the Congregation of the RegularClergy at Somascha. Chain andball near him. [Ikon.) DeHver-ing a possessed chQd, chain in

his hand, B.V. Mary and HolyInfant appearing to him. [Col.

Milit. Eccl.) In black habit

and mantle, holding key andshackbolt. [Gal., Northwick.)

Butler, Helyot, Rom. Mart.

St. Jeron of Egmond-op-Zee

M. 856 (Nov. 7). Priest withsword and hooded falcon on his

hand. [Attrib. der Heil.) Priest's

cassock over armour, falcon onhis left hand ; right hand hold-

ing up cassock to show right

leg in armour. [Roodscreen,

Suffield.) Priest's cassock, falcon

on his left hand. [Roodscreen,

N. Tuddendam.)

St. Joachim, Father of

the B.V. Marj^(Mar. 20). Meeting St. Anneat the Golden Gate of Jerusalem.[Missale Sarisb., 1534.) Lead-ing the B.V. Mary as a child.

[Ikon.) Basket with doves anda staff. [Attrib. der Heil.) Angelannouncing the birth of theB.V. Mary. [Cahier.)

66

St. Joachim of SiennaC. 1305 (Apr. 16). Bom of the

noble family of the Pelacani,

he was received into the order

of the Servites by St. PhiUp

Beniti at the age of fourteen.

Butler, a Life by Attavanti,

Giani's Annals

St. Joan of ArcM. 1430. Bareheaded, in

armour, with long tunic or kilted

skirt embroidered with fleurs-

de-lis ; banner with Annuncia-

tion or the words, Jesus, Marie.

[Popular representations, Rouen.

)

St. Joanna1st cent. (May 24). Ointmentbox. [Attrib. der Heil.) Lambnear her ; cross in her arms.

[Ikon.) Carrying a pitcher in a

basket. (Molanus.) Luke viii. 3and xxiv. 10.

Bl. Joanna de UrbeVeteri

V. Lily, discipHne and rosary.

[St. Dominic, Orvieto.) Infant

Jesus holding a ring on her

hand. [Cahier.)

St. Joanna of Valois,

Q. of France1505 (Feb. 4). Foundress of the

Order of the Annunciation, 1500.Crowned ; habit of the Armun-ciation *

; crucifix and rosary.

[Ch. Bene., Liessies.) The same,holding the Infant Saviour bythe hand, a basket on His arm.[Tabl. de la Croix.) Cup of wineand basket of bread. [Rood-

screen, Upton.) In white veU, acovered vase in her right hand,three loaves in her left. [Fresco,

Barnham Broom.) Holding upcrown in left hand. [Fresco,

Eaton Ch.)

St. Joannicius ofBithynia

Ab. 846 (Nov. 4). Bom at

Maricat, he became a soldier,

and in his youth Hved a profli-

gate Hfe, but after his con-

version retired to Mt. Olympus,and afterwards founded a mon-astery on Mt. Antides. Butler,

Papebroke, Surius, Rom., Gk.and Russ. Marts.

St. Joavan, or Joevin,of Brittany

B.C. (Mar. 2). A disciple of St.

Paul de Leon, whom he accom-panied into Armorica, where heafterwards became a hermit in

the Islede Baz. Butler, Lobineau,a Life by Albert [le Grand.

St. Jocundus II. ofPiedmont

860 (Dec. 30). Bishop of Aosta.

* Black veil, white cloak, redscapular, and brown habit with across. A cord for' girdle. FrenchMart., etc.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Jodoc of BrittanyH. 668 (Dec. 13). Two oratories,

saint kneeling before one. {Soli-

tudo.) Crown at his feet. {Christ.

Kunst.) Striking a spring of

water under his staff. {Das

Pastoral.) Pilgiim with crucifix

staff. (Burgmaier.) Pilgrim

reading. {St. Marys, Cologne.)

Boats arriving with provisions.

(Cahier.) Staff with piece of

string tied loosely about the

top. {MS. Hours.) Hand fromheaven blessing his chalice.

{Cahier.) Two chapels near him.{Ibid.) Mabillon, Gall, and Rom.Marts.

St. John the DivineApostle, ist cent. (Dec. 27).

Cup with serpent issuing from it.

{Roodscreens at Ranworth andWorstead and countless other

instances.) As a child with pjilm,

cup and serpent. {Houghton-le-

Dale.) /6i<?., and an eagle. {East

Ruston.) Palm branch, scroll

and eagle. {Exeter Cath.) Eagleon barrel or cauldron. {Rood-

screen, Oxburgh.) Palm and aneagle on a clasped book. {UpperHardres,Kent.) Blessing a child.

{Pulpit, Boizen.) Mounted onan eagle. {Marseilles, Raphael.)

Stepping into a grave. {Vatican,

MS. Greek Menology.) Writingthe Apocalypse in the Isle of

Patmos. {Lucas van Leyden.)

Ibid., devil upsetting his inkbottle. {MS. Hours.) Ibid.,

devil attacked by the saint's

eagle. {MS. of Fragments.)

An old man in Mass vestments,

lifted up to heaven by ourBlessed Saviour out of his grave

at the foot of the altar of

Ephesus. {National Gallery.)

Holding a ship. {XV. cent,

window, Malvern Priory.) Scroll

with :" Passus est sub Pontio

Pilato, crucifixus, mortuus et

sepultus." (iVindow, Fairford.)

All Martyrologies.

St. John the Almonerof Alexandria

Patr. 619 (Jan. 23). Wallet

in hand. {Ikon.) Loaf androsary. {Husenbeth.) Giving

alms to a cripple, (ibid.)

St. John Baptist(Jime 24). Staff; and book, onwhich rechnes a'nimbed lamb.

{XV. cent, window. All Saints,

York.) TrampUng on a serpent.

{XV. cent, window, Malvern

Priory.) Lambonabook ; small

cross, close cap, tunic of camel's

hair, cape feistened by two

leather thongs crossed. {Par-

close screen, Ransworth.) Lambon book. {Screen, Worstead.)

Lamb and cross on book.

{Roodscreen, Burlingham St.

Andrew.) Lamb and cross.

{Roodscreen, Attleborough.)

Lamb. {Window, Kimberley.)

Lamb's trotters. {Pitti Pal..

Soggi.) Lamb and locust.

{Tabl. de la Croix.) Lamb, cross

and sword. {Tomb, Bamberg.)His head on a dish. {Husenbeth.)

Leather girdle, mantle over,

barefooted and with wings.

{Baring-Gould.) Cross headedstaff with streamer, " EcceAgnus[Dei." {Ibid.) All Mar-tyrologies.

St. John of BethSeleuciaM. Companion of St. Narses(Nov. 30), q.v.

St. John of BeverleyB. 721 (May 7). Shrine at his

side. {Arbor Past.) York andSarum Kalendars, Rom. andEng. Marts.

St. John of BridlingtonPr. C. 1379 (Oct. 10). Monk in

brown habit and blue cloak

with crosier. {XV . cent, window

,

Morley, Derby.) Monk holding

a fish. {Pulpit, Hempstead.)Butler, Surius.

St. John of BurgundyAb. c. 405 (Jan. 28). A nativeof Langres, he became a monkat Lerins and later foundedthe Abbey of Reomay, nowMoutier St. Jean, tmder the

rule of St. Macarius. Butler,

Bollandus.

St. John the Calybite ofConstantinopleH. c. 450 (Jan. 15). A beggardiscovering himself to his

parents on his death -bed.

{Callot.) Loaded with chains.

{Ptres des Deserts.) Butler,

Baronius, Bollandus, Papebroke,

Chatelain, etc.

St. John of Campania(Apr. i). Bishop of Naples.

St. John Cantius ofCracow

P.C. c. 1473 (Oct. 20).jGiving

his garments toj the poor.

{Cahier.) Lives by Adam Opatoffand Peter Skarga, Rom. Mart.

St. John Capistran of

VillachC. 1456 (Oct. 23). Holding andpointing to a crucifix. {Lib.

Cronic.) Banner in his handwith I H S heading troops.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Red cross

on his breast. {Ibid.) Red cross

on his breast and one foot ona turban. {Cahier.) Star's rays

descending upon him. {Ibid.)

Lives by Christopher of Variso

and Gabriel of Verona ; Butler,

Mod. Rom. Mart., etc.

St. John Cassian of

MarseillesAb. 5th cent. (July 23). AScythian by birth, he madeseveral pilgrimages to the Nile

deserts, afterwards retiring to

67

Massilia, where he founded twomonasteries, one dedicated to

St. Victor. Gall. Mart., Gk.Men. (on Feb. 28.)

St. John of Chinon in

TouraineP.C. 6th cent. (June 27). ABreton, who went into retire-

ment at Chinon after takingpriest's orders. Butler, ToursBreviary, Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. John Chrysostom ofConstantinopleAbp. Dr. 407 (Jan 27 and Sept.

14). ChaHceandbookof Gospels.

{Rubens.) Beehive. {Ikon.)

Angel by him. {A ttrib. der Heil.)

St. Paul near him. {Cahier.)

Butler, Socrates, Theodoret,

Tillemont, Stilting, etc., and all

Martyrologies.

St. John Chuzibitaof Palestine

6th cent. (Oct. 28). Bishop of

Caesarea.

St. John of Citta di

PennaAb. H. 6th cent. (Mar. 19).

Pear-tree blossoming in winter.

{Cahier.) Usuardus, Ado,Notker,Bede, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. John Climachus ofMount SinaiAb. 606 (Mar. 30). With aladder. {Attrib. der Heil.) Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

St. John Colombina ofSiena

C. 1367 (July 31). Foimderof the Order of the Jesuati.

A dove. {Cahier.) Butler, Cuper,Helyot, Rom. Mart.

St. John of the Cross ofCastile

C. 1591 (Nov. 24). Picture of

the B.V. Mary in his hand.{Attrib. der Heil.) Carmelite,

large cross on his shoulders.

{Revue de I'Art Chritien.) OurSaviour appearing, bearing Hiscross. (Cahier.) CarmeUte,with pen and MS. looking at acrucifix {Spn. engraving.) Car-meUte, bearded, with bookand pen. {R. Lenieux.) Lives

by the monks Honoratus andDositheus, Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. John Damascen ofPalestine

Mk.P. 780 (May 6). Holdinga vase. {Arbor Past.) Asleep,

B.V. Mary appearing to him.{Callot.) Carrying a basket.

{Ikon.) Carrying several baskets.{Blaise.) Holding his hand,cut off. {Ikon.) B.V. Maryrestoring his hand, an axe in

his other. {Cahier.) Butler,

Fleury, Papebroke, Ceillier, Gk.Men., Mod. Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. John the Dwarf ofScet^H. c. 450 (Sept. 15 or Nov. 9).

Instructor to St. Arsenius

(July 19) , who was tutor to the

ImperiaJ brothers, Arcadius andHonorius. Butler, Tillemont, Gk.

and Russ. Marts.

St. John of LycopolisH. 394 (Mar. 27). A native of

the Lower Thebaid and a car-

penter by trade, he retired to

the deserts at the age of forty

and became, after St. Antony,the most renowned of all thesohtaries. Lives by Ms con-

temporaries, Evagrius and Pal-

ladius, Rufinus, Butler, mostLatin Marts.

St. John of Emilia^- 495 (JaJi- 12). A Bishop of

Ravenna.

St. John of EphesusM. (July 27). One of the seven

sleepers, q.v. With a club.

(Musaeum Victorium, Rome.)

St. John of FrenchFlanders

B. 1130 (Jan. 27). Made Bishopagainst has wUl by Pope Urban,he was distinguished by the

sanctity of his hfe. He died

blessing a congregation who hadassembled at his death-bed.

Baring-Gould.

St. John, or Facundo, of

SalamancaC. 1479 (June 12). Chalice andHost in his hand. (Cahier.)

Cup and serpent. [Ibid.)

Tramphng on the world and the

devil. (Ibid.) One or moreswords at his feet. (Ibid.) HisLife by B. John of Seville, Butler,

Papebroke, etc.

St. John Francis Regisof Toulouse

C. 1640 (June 16) Bom at

Font Couverte (Narbonne), he

entered the Society of Jesus at

the age of nineteen, becomingcelebrated for his eloquence

as a missionary. He died andwas buried at Louvesc in the

VUay. A Life by Ptre Daubenton,

Rom. Mart.

St. John of God of

GranadaC. 1550 (Mar 8). Founder of

the Order of Charity. Pome-granate, cross at top, in his

hand. (Statuary, St. Peter's,

Rome.) Alms chest hung up.

(Attrio. der Heil.) Alms chest

hung from his neck. (Cahier.)

Crown of thorns on his head.

(Ikon.) Two cups hung round

his neck. (Ibid.) Washing OurSaviour's feet as a pilgrim.

(Cahier.) Carrying head in a

wallet. (Ibid.) Carrying sick

persons. (Ibid.) Butler, Baillet,

Helyot, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. John of the Gothsof Kertch

B.M. c. 800 (June 26). Lancein his hand. (Ikon.)

St. John the Good of

MantuaC. 1249 (Nov. 23). Our Saviourinviting him to kiss His wounds.(Cahier.)

St. John of the GrateB. 1163 (Feb. i). A Breton,

educated imder Peter, Abbotof CeUe, and later consecrated

as Bishop of St Malo. Losinga lawsuit with the monks of

Marmontiers, he was deprivedof his see for a time, and lived

in retirement under the pro-

tection of St. Bernard of Clair-

vaux, but was restored on the

death of Pope Lucius IL Gall.

Mart.

St. John Gualberto ofPassignanoAb. 1073 (July 12). Founderof the Order of VaUombrosa.Clothing his monks at VaUom-brosa. (Dibdin's Decameron I.

85.) Standing on the devil,

cross and T-staf£ sent on devU's

hand. (Missale Valles Umbrosce).

Image on crucifix bending to-

wards him. (Callot.) Picture

of Our Saviour in his hand.(Attrib. der Heil.) Church in

his hand. (Cahier.) Butler,

Cuper, Rom. Mart.

St. John of HolarB. 1121 (Apr. 23). Son of oneOgmimd, a wealthy Icelander,

he was educated by BishopIsleif of Skalholt and was con-

secrated by the Bishop of Lundas first Bishop of Holar. TheGunnlaugr Saga.

St. John of JaninaC. N.D. Chains and sword.(Cahier.)

St. John-Joseph of theCross of Naples

C. 1734 (Mar. 5). Bom in theisland of Ischia, he joined theFranciscans at Naples at theage of sixteen, became Superiorof the monastery of Piedimonted'Agula, and died in the con-vent of St. Lucia at Naples.

Rom. Mart.

St. John, and Com-panions, of JerusalemMM. 797 (Mar 20). Twentymonks dwelling in the lauraof St. Sabas, suffocated by fires

Ughted at the entrance of thelaura by Arabs from the desert.

The Contemporary Acts by St.

Stephen of St. Sabas.

St. John of Lodesano1106 (Sept. 7). Bishop of

Gubbio.

St. John of LombardyM. c. 683 (July 11). A Bishop

of Bergamo.

St. John MarkDp. ist cent. (Sept. 27). Adisciple of SS. Paul and Barna-

bas. Acts xii. 12, 25; xiii.

5, 13 ; XV. 36

St. John of MathaAb. C. 1213 (Feb. 8). Founderof the Order of Trinitarians.

B. Trinity giving him a scapular,

with a cross upon his breast.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Broken chain

in his hand. (Ikon.) Fettered

slaves near him. (Ibid.) A Life

by Robert Gaguin, Butler, Helyot,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. John of MatheraAb. 1139 (n.d.). Driving awaythe devil with a wand. (Col.

Milit. Eccl.)

St. John Nepomucenof Prague

P.M. c. 1393 (May 16). Stand-

ing on a bridge. (Statue on the

bridge, Prague.) Bridge andriver near him. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Padlock, and finger

on his lips. (Of frequent occur-

rence in Bohemia and Austria.)

Empress confessing to him,stars roimd his head. (TurinGal., D. Cresfi.) His bodysurrounded with hght floating

on a river under a bridge.

(Cahier.) In prison, manacledhand on a Bible, two angels

above with fingers on their hps.

(Old painting.) In surphce

and purple stole, canon's fur

liripipit and doctor's fom:-

homed biretta ; his finger on his

hp, and seven stars around his

head. (Baring-Gould.) Butler,

Papebroke, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. John of NicomediaM. c. 284 (Jan. 31). Tearinga paper off a temple. (Callot.)

Ado, Usuardus, Notker,Eusebius,Lactantius, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. John OldratusC. 1159 (n.d.). Angel givinghim a purse. (Col. Milit. Eccl.)

St. John de Prado ofSpain

P.M. 1636 (May 24). A nativeof Leon sent by the Order of theBarefooted Observantin Fran-ciscans as a missionary toMorocco, where he was tortured,

scourged and burnt at the stake.

Butler.

St. John of E-heimsC. c. 570 (n.d.) Holding achained dragon. (Attrib. derHeil.)

St. John Ribeira ofSpain

1611 (Jan. 6). Patriarch of

Antioch and Archbishop of

Valencia.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. John of RomeP.M 362 (June 23). A priest

beheaded under the EmperorJulian. His head was pre-

served in the Church of St.

Sylvester at Rome, where, in

course of time, it came to beknown as the head of St. Johnthe Baptist. Usuardus, Ado,Nother, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. John I., Pope ofRomeM. 526 (May 27). A Tuscan bybirth and successor to St.

Hormisdas in the Papal Chair,he was thrown by Theodoricinto prison, where he died. Ado,Hrahanus, Rom. Mart.

St. John (the Silent) ofArmenia

B.C. c. 558 (May 13). Fingerupon his mouth. {Cahier.)

Luminous cross appearing tohim. {Gueffier.) Butler, Godeau,Rom. Mart.

St. John the Thauma-turgus of Polybotum

C. 8th cent. Pec. 5). Drivingthe devU out of people. (Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. John of UmbriaM. 6th cent. (Sept. 19). Bishopof Spoleto.

St. John of UrticaC. 1163 (n.d.) Nettles in his

hand. {Attrib. der Heil.)

SS. John and Paul, ofRomeMM. 362 (Jime 26). As Romansoldiers, holding sword andpalm. (Jameson.) Rom. Mart.

Bl. JohnC N.D. Dominican church in

his right hand, golden rays fromhis left. (Predella, Fra Angelico.)

Bl. John AgniO.P. Walking on the sea. {Lib.

Sanct. Belgii O.P., Wood-chester.)

Bl. John de Britto of

PortugalM. 1693 (Feb. 4). Bom at

Lisbon, he became a page to

Dom Pedro, heir to the throne

of Portugal. Joining the Society

of Jesus, he was sent to the

Indian Mission and was tortured

and beheaded at Marava. Rom.Mart.

Bl. John Marinoni of

NaplesC. 1562 pec. 13). Bom at

Venice, where he served in the

Church of St. Pantaleon. Hebecame a canon of St. Mark's,

and later entered the Theatin

Order, accompanying St.

Cajetan to Naples to foimd the

convent of St. Paul, where he

died. A Life by Bonaglia, St.

Andrew Avellino, Butler.

Bl. John of Metz1162 (Feb. 27). An abbot of

Gorze.

Bl. John Sarcander ofSilesia

P.M. 1624 (Mar. 10). Bom at

Skotsochan in 1576, he becamea priest at Holleschan, where hewas murdered for refusing todivulge the secrets of the Con-fessional. Rom. Mart.

St. John Scholasticus.

See St. John Climachus(Mar. 30).

Bl. John SterlinusO.P. Choir of angels playing tohim. {Lib. Sanct. Belgii O.P.,Woodchester.)

Bl. John William ofBelgium

P.H. 1241 (Feb. 10). Founderof the Abbey of the Olive, nearBinche in Hainault. Thoughimcanonised, he is venerated as

a saint in Belgium.

St. JohnM. Companion of St. Abundius.(Sept. 16), q.v.

St. JohnM. Companion of St. Anthony(Apr. 14), q.v.

St. JohnM. Companion of St. Cyms(Jan. 31), q.v.

St. Johas of Russia1471 (Nov. 5). Archbishop of

Novgorod.

St. Jonas the Gardenerof EgyptMk. 4th cent. (Feb. 11). Foreighty-five years a monk in themonastery of Muchon, wherehe served as gardener. The Life

of St. Pachomius, Rom. Mart.

SS. Jonas andBarachisius of PersiaMks. MM. 327 (Mar. 29).

Under a screw press. {Callot.)

Jonas plunged into frozen water.

(Cahier.) Butler, Ruinart, Title-

mont, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

Bl. Jordan of SaxonyC. 1237 ^^^- 13)- Kneehngwith open book before a statue

of B.V. Mary and Holy Child.

{Window, Milan Cath.) Domini-can; skull in his hand. {Pre-

della, Fra Angelico.)

St. Joris. See

St. George(Apr. 23).

St. Josaphat Konce-vitch of Poland

1623 (Nov. 12). Archbishop of

Polotsk.

69

St. JosophatM. Companion of St. Barlaam(Nov. 27), q.v. An axe fixed in

his hand. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Joseph1st cent. (Mar. 19). Husbandof B.V. Mary. Bearing a rod

with flowers at top. {PittiGal.,

Guercino.) The same, but lilies

at top. {St. Maria, Florence ;

Fresco, Ghirlandajo.) With a Uly.

{Ikon.) Carpenter's square andtools. {Ibid.) Carrying the

Holy Infant and bearing astaff in leaf at top. {Die Heil.)

All Martyrologies.

St. Joseph ofArimathaea

C. ist cent. (Mar. 17). A linen

cloth. {Lorenzetti. A cad. , Siena.

)

With thorn and vase. {XV. cent,

window at Ludlow.) Box of

ointment and budding staff.

{Window, St. Cove.) Buddingstaff. {Nat. Gal., A. BonvincinoT)

Rom. Mart.

St. Joseph, or Joses,

Barsabas the JustB.C. 1st cent. (July 20). One of

the seventy-two disciples. Hold-ing a cup of poison. {Callot.)

Cmld blowing soap bubbles.

{Parclose screen, Ranworth.)

Child holding three stones orloaves. {Roodscreen, Houghton-le-Dale.) Butler, Eusebius, Rom.Mart.

St. Joseph Calasanctiusof Rome

C. 1648 (Aug. 27). Founder of

the Poor Regulars of the piousschools of the Mother of God.Holding lily, mitre and car-

dinal's hat before him, B.V.and Holy Infant appearing.

{Col. Mint. Eccl.) Rom. Mart.

St. Joseph of CupertinoC. 1663 (Sept. 18). Raisedabove the ground before animage of the B.V. Mary.{Cahier.) Rom. and FranciscanMarts.

St. Joseph the Hymn-writer

C. 833 (Apr. 3). Bom in Sicily,

he entered the monastic hfe in

Thessalonica, emigrating thence,via Constantinople, to Rome.Taken by pirates, he was for

some years a slave in Crete, andhis later years were devoted to

the writing of hymns. A Lifeby Theofhanes, Neale's Hymnsof the Christian Church.

St. Joseph of LeonissaC. 1612 (Feb. 4). A Capuchinmissionary to the Christian

galley slaves at Pera, where hewas tortured by the Moham-medans and banished. Butler,

Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Joseph of Palestine

C- c. 356 (July 22). A Jew of

Tiberias, taken under thepatronage of Constantine after

his conversion. He foundedchurches at Discaesarea, Caper-naum and elsewhere. St.

Epiphanius, Rom. Mart.

St. Joseph of Beth-catuba

P.M. (Mar. 14). Companion of

St. Acepsimas, q.v. Was im-prisoned and scourged daily

for three years, finally beingracked to death.

St. Josse. See St. JodocPec. 13).

St. JovinusM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct. 4). q.v.

St. JovitaDn.M. Companion of St.

Faustinus. (Feb. 15), q.v.

St. JucundusLe. M. Companion of St.

Nicasius (Dec. 14), q.v.

St. Judas, or Quiriacus,

of AnconaB.M. 133 (May 4). Greek ponti-

fical habit. {Old coins of the

city of Ancona.) [N.B. :—^Muchconfusion exists between this

saint and St. Cyriacus of Jeru-salem (also May 4), q.v.] Hra-banus, Notker, Mart, of St.

Jerome.

St. Jude or ThaddeusAp. M. ist cent. (Oct. 28). Along cross. {XV. cent, window,Wintringham.) An oar. {Hulme.)

A boat in his hand. {XV. cent,

window, Blythborough, Suffolk ;

Parclose screen, N. Walsham ;

Roodscreens at Ringland, Lessing-

ham,Belaugh, Worstead,Swafield,

etc., and many other instances.)

Child holding a boat. {Ran-

worth and Houghton-le-Dale.) Aboat hook. [Ed. Kinesman'sLives of Saints.) Bearded, hold-

ing a closed book. {Window,Duomo, Milan.) Carpenter's

square. {Tabl. de la Croix.)

A fuller's bat. {Roodscreen,

Aylsham.) A ship with sails in

his hand. {Roodscreen, Blofield.)

Canying loaves or fish. {Fair-

ford Ch.) A club. {Brass, LynnSt. Margaret's, and window,Melbury Bubb.) An inverted

cross. {Ikon.) MedalHon of OurSaviour in hand, or on his

breast. {Attrib. der Heil.) Ahalbert. {Husenbeth.) Scroll

with: " Carnis Resurrectionem."

{Window, Fairford.) All Mar-tyrologies.

St. JudithW. Companion of St. Salome(June 29), q.v.

St. Julia of CorsicaV.M. 443 (May 23). Richly

dressed, holding a paJm. {A . del

Sarto, Berlin Gal.) Hangingon a cross. {Callot and Gueffler.)

Dove fljmig from her mouth.{Cahier.) Ado, Notker, Usuardus,

Rom. Mart.

St. Julia, or Juliana, of

NormandyV. Abs. 8th cent. (Oct. 11).

A young servant girl, admittedunder protest to the conventof Pavilly by the Abbess Bene-dicta, whom she succeeded. Herrehcs were translated to Mon-treuU, with those of St. Austre-

bertha, predecessor of Bene-dicta. Gall, and Bene. Marts.

SS. Julia and Claudius,

of TroyesMM. 275 (July 21). St. Claudius

is said to have commanded aGothic inroad into Gaul, duringwhich St. Jidia was carried

off from Troyes. Having con-

verted her captor and twentyother Germanic chieftains, she

returned with them to Troyes,where the whole party weremartyred by the Prefect Elidius.

Compare the legend of SS.

Luceja and Ancejas (June 25),Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. JuliaV.M. Maidservant and com-panion of St. Eulaha (Dec. 10),

q.v.

St. Julian and Com-panions, of AlexandriaMM. 250 (Feb. 27). St. Juhan,aiaicted with gout and unableto walk, was placed withSt. Chronion on two camels,

scourged through the city andburnt during theDecian persecu-tion. St. Besas, a soldier, wasbeheaded for endeavouring toprotect them from the crowdon their way to execution.Butler, Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. Julian Anabarbus.See St. Julian of Cilicia

(Mar. 16).

St. Julian of AncyraP.M. c. 323 (Sept. 13). Red-hot hebnet placed on his head.{Ikon.) Martyr before his judges.{Zurbaran.)

St, Julian of CastileC. 690 (Mar. 8). A historianand Archbishop of Toledo.Butler, St.- Ildefonso of Toledo.

St. Julian of CiliciaM. c. 250 (Mar. 16). Flowinghair, rich secular habit withsword, holding palm. {Jameson.)Led bound on a dromedary.{Callot.) Butler, Tillemoni,Rom. Mart.

St. Julian of CuencaB.C. 1207 (Jan. 28). Makingbaskets. (Cahier.)

70

St. Julian of EmesaM. 312 (Jime 9). Nail in his

head. {Ikon.)

St. Julian HospitatorH. 9th cent. (N.D.). Stag near

him. {Ikon.) Ferrying poor

travellers over river. {Gallori

Palazzo Pitti.) Receiving a

young leper as he lands from

a boat, (ibid.) A boatman in a

barge carrying Our Lord as

a poor man. {Cahier.) An oar.

{Husenbeth.) A hawk. {Ibid.)

St. Julian of LombardyC. c. 324 (Oct. 12). Bishopof Lodi.

St. Julian, first Bishopof Mans

C. 3rd cent. (Jan. 27). Drivingaway a dragon. {Attrib. der

Heil.) A foimtain {Christ.

Kunst.) Temple of Jupiter over-

thrown. {Ikon.) Banner andpalm. {Attrib. der Heil.) Inpontificals, foimtain sprin^gat the point of his crosier,

woman with a pitcher at his

feet. {Window, Abbaye duPre-leMans.) Bollandus, Butler,

Tillemont, Rom. Mart.

St. Julian Sabas ofMesopotamiaH. c. 378 (Oct. 18). Hearinga voice from heaven. {Gueffler.)

Butler, Theodoret, Bulteau,

Fleury, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Julian of SyriaH. c. 370 (July 6). A sail-

maker and pupil of St. Ephrem(Feb. I and July 9), q.v., re-

nowned for his sanctity. Butler,

Sozomen.

St. Julian of VienneM. c. 304 (Aug. 28). Crucified.

{Gueffler.) In armour, helmetat his feet, Maltese cross hungabout his neck, palm and sword.{Statue, Bourges Museum.)Butler, Tillemont, Si. Gregory of

Tours.

SS. Julianand Basilissa,

of Egypt313 (Jan. 9). Angel pointingout their names in the Book ofLife. {Gueffler.) Holding thesame lily stem. {Baring-Gould.)Butler, Canisius, Rom. Mart.,Gk. Men.

St, JulianM. Companion to St. Caesarius(Nov. i), q.v.

St, JulianM. Companion to St. Gregory(Aug. 9), q.v.

St. JulianM. Companion to St. Montanus(Feb. 24), q.v.

St. JulianCompanion to St. Theodulus(Feb. 17), q.v.

11, A I L V I

ST LUCY. V.M. ST. JDSTINA. V.M.

Rood.screen. JrJeavitree Church, Devon.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Juliana Falconieriof Florence

V. 1341 (June 19). Sacred Hoston her heart. {Acad. Florence.)

Prajdng before the B. Sacra-

ment. {Old engraving. A Lifeby Giani, Bonanni, Papebroke,

Rom. Mart.

St. Juliana of Li^geV. Abs. 1258 (Apr. 5). Holdinga monstrance. {Vies des Sies.

Femmes.) Angel showing hera half moon. (jCahier.) Baring-Gould, Belg. Marts.

St. Juliana ofNicomediaV.M. c. 309 (Feb. 16). Dragonheld in a chain. {Roodscreen,

N. Elmham.) Scourging devil,

rope round his neck. {Pulpit,

Hempstead ; Roodscreen. Kenn.)Holding the devil in chains.

{Arms of Santillana; windowsat Martham and Wighton.)Hanging by her hair. iCahier.)

Sword and palm. {Solitudo.)

Breast being burnt. {Gueffler.)

In a cauldron over a fire.

{Cahier.) In a cauldron beforea judge. {Callot.) Butler, Bede,

Chaielian.

SS. Juliana of CyrinaW. MM. (Nov. i). Burnt to

death together. {Cahier.)

St. Julitta, or Juliana,

of TarsusM. c. 303 (July 30). Oxen nearher. {Ikon.) Fountain springing

from her blood. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Standing with her son,

St. CjT, each bearing a palmbranch. {Seal, Conv. St. Quiricus,

Asti.) Baring-Gould, Rom., Gk.

and Russ. Marts.

St. Julius I.

Po.C. 332 (Apr. 12). A Ronianby birth, he received the Arian

deputies sent to accuse St.

Athanasius,' and in 341 called

the councU at which St.

Athanasius, Marcellus of

Ancyra and other orthodox

prelates were declared innocent.

Butler, Baronius, Tillemont,

Fleury, Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Julius of BulgariaM. c. 302 (May 27). Encouraged

to martyrdom by Hesychius.

{Callot.) Passing over a lake

upon his cloak. Butler, Ruinart,


St. Julius of SaragossaM. (Apr. 16). Companion of

St. Optatus, q.v.

St. Julius of RomeM. 192 (Aug. 19). A senator con-

verted by St. Eusebius, beaten

to death with cudgels in the

reign of Commodas. Mariyr-

ologiumParvum, Ado, Usuardus,

Rom. Mart.

SS. Julius and Aaron,of WalesMM. 304 (June 22 and July i).

Two citizens of Caerleon, said to

have been torn to pieces in the

Diocletian persecution. Therewere formerly

—

c. 1223—twochurches in Caerleon dedicated

to saints bearing these names.Ado, Gildas, Butler, Geoffrey

of Monmouth, Rom. Mart.

St. Junian of LimogesH. c. 500 (Oct. 16). When aboy, ran away from home, to

become a pupil of St. Amandusof Rheims. Paris Mart, (on

Nov. 15), Limoges Directory andGall. Marts, (on above date).

SS. Justa and Rufina,of SevilleW. MM. c. 304 (July 19).

Destroying an image of Venus.{Icon. Sanct.) Kneeling, palmin hand, broken earthen vessels

at their feet. {Murillo.) Onecarrying two earthen vessels.

{F . Zurbaran.) Butler, Maldonat,Ado, Usuardus, etc.

St. Justin the Apologistof RomeM. c. 167 (June i and Apr. 13).

Presenting his Apology to the

Emperor Marcus Aurelius.

{Callot.) His Life by Marand,Butler, Eusebius, Ceillier, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Justin of LouvresCh.M. (Oct. 18). Martyred underthe Prefect Rictus Varus whenon a journey to Amiens for

refusing to betray his father

and brother, who, travelling

with him, had hidden them-selves. Butler, Bede, Tillemont,

Fleury.

St. Justina of

AntiochM. (Sept. 26). Companion of St.

Cyprian, q.v. Vanquishing the

devil by the cross. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Lily in hand, setting

a cross on the devil's head.

{Callot) Burnt with St. Cyprianover a fire. {Husenbeth.)

St. Justina of PaduaV.M. 304 (Oct. 7). Palm ; uni-

corn at her feet. {Vienna,

Bordinico.) Crowned, swordin her breast, holding a palm.

{Carpaccio ,Brera, Milan.) Swordthrough both breasts. {Rood-

screen, Heavitree Ch., Devon.)

Butler, Tillemont, Helyot, Rom.Mart.

St. JustinaV.M. Companion of St. Aureus

(June 16), q.v.

St. JustinaV.M. Companion of St. Maura(Nov. 30), q.v.

71

St. Justinian of WalesH.M. c. 540 (Aug. 23). Ofnoble Breton family, he emi-

grated to Wales after being

oradined priest, and becameafhermit under the patronage of

St. David. Whitford, a Life

by John of Tynemouth.

St. JustinusM. Companion of St. Boniface

(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. JustusN.D. Secular habit, wearingchaplet of flowers, holding swordand palm. {XVI. cent, window,Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.)

St. Justus of KentAbp. C. c. 627 (Nov. 10). ARoman monk sent by St.

Gregory to the English mission

in 601, consecrated Bishop of

Rochester in 604, he succeeded

St. Mellitus as Archbishop of

Canterbury in 624. Butler,

Bede, Rom. Mart.

St. Justus. SeeSt. Justin

(Oct. 18).

St. Justus of LimogesP.C. c. 370 (Nov. 27). Limoges,

Perigueux and Poitiers Brevi-

aries, Bollandus (on above date),

Saussaye (on Nov. 26).

St. Justus of LyonsAbp. c. 390 (Sept. 2). Believing

himself accessory to the deathof a man who had soughtsanctuary, been delivered byhim to custody, and murderedby the mob, St. Justus resigned

his archbishopric and died in

retirement in Egypt. Butler,

Stilting, Tillemont, Fleury, etc.

St. Justus of Spain6th cent. (May 28). Bishopof Urgel.

St. Justus of ToulouseM. 178 (May 6). A Bishop of

Vienne.

SS. Justus and Pastor,

of AlcalaMM. 304 (Aug. 6). Scourgedtogether. {Callot.) With swords.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Prints of

their knees on a stone. {Ibid.)

St. Justus drowned with lead

to his neck. {Ikon.) Cross

appearing to hun. {Cahier.)

Butler, Prudentius, Flores, etc.

St. Juthwara of

SherborneV. (Jan. 6). Sister of St.

Sidwell of Exeter. Holdingher decapitated head in herhands. {Roodscreen, Hennock.)

Bl. Jutta of BelgiumW. 1228 (Jan. 13). Nun holding

a red-hot tripod. {Ikon.)

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Juvenal of Umbria

B. 376 (May 3). {Styled amartyr by St. Gregory the Great.)

Sword between his teeth. {Chris.

Kunst.) Walking on water.

{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Breviary.

SS. Juventinus, or

Juventine, andMaximus of AntiochMM. 363 (Jan. 25). Officers in

the foot guards of Juhan theApostate scourged and be-

headed in prison for refusing

to sacrifice to idols. St. Chry-sosfom, Butler, Theodoret.

St. Juventius of PaviaB.C. 2nd cent. (Feb. 8). Historturers killing each other

in a tempest. {Icon. Sand.)Standing before shrine of SS.

Gervasius and Protasius.

{Gueffier.) Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. Ke. 8ee St. Kenan(Nov. 5).

St. KebiusB.C. 4th cent. (Apr. 25). Anative of Cornwall who wasordained Bishop of St. Hilary of

Poitiers and returned to preachpenance in his native country.

Butler, Borlase, Leland.

St. Kellach of IrelandB.M. c. 650 (May i). Abdi-cating the throne of Connaught,he was ordained Priest andBishop of Killala by St. Kieran.

Expelled from his diocese byGuaire, his successor as Kingof Connaught, he retired to anislet in Lough Conn. Thencehe was taken to the mainlandand murdered. Irish Marts.

St. Kenan, or Kea, ofCleder, in Brittany

B. 6th cent. (Nov. 5). Bell in

hand. {Cahier.) Lobineau, Gall.

Mart.

St. Kenan of Duleek,Ireland

B.C. 489 (Nov. 24). Ploughdrawn by eight stags. {Cahier.)

Butler, Usher.

St. Kenelm of MerciaK.M. 826 pec. 13). Kingholding a lily. {Statuary, Wells

Cath.) Butler, Higden, Wm. of

Malmesbury, Sarum Breviary,

Ang. Mart., etc.

St. Kenerin. 8eeSt. Kieran

(Mar. 5).

St. Keneth of theGowerH. c. 550 (Aug. i). Said to havebeen the illegitimate son of aWelsh prince set afloat in acoracle on the day of his birth.

The legend says he was carried

by seagulls to the Gower Penin-

sula, where he spent his Ufa as

a hermit. Wilson, Bollandus,

Capgrave.

St. Kennera of GalwayV. N.D. (Oct. 29). Frequently

confounded with St. Cunera

(June 12). She was probably

a recluse. Kirk-Kinner, in Gal-

way, takes her name. Aberdeen

Breviary, Scottish Marts.

St. Kennocha of

ScotlandV. c. 1007 (Mar. 13). Heiress

to a noble family, she became a

sohtary and hved a Ufe of great

severity and is buried in the

church of Kyle. Butler, AdamKing, Scone Chronicle, Aberdeen

Breviary.

St. Kenny of KilkennyAb. 59^ (Oct. 11). Son of the

bard Laidec, he studied in Walesunder the abbot Docus and in

Ireland under St. Finian, andlater founded the monasteryof Achad-bho. Butler, Usher,

Adamnan, Ware, Aberdeen Brevi-

ary, Celt, and Rom. Marts.

St. KentigernaW. d. 728 (Jan. 7). Daughterof KeUy, prince of Leinster,

and mother to St. Filan (Jan.

9), she died in retirement in

the island of Inchelrock.

Butter, Colgan, Aberdeen Brevi-

ary.

St, Kessoge, or

Mackessoge of ScotlandB.C. 560 (Mar. 10). Arrowsand bent bow. {Acta Sanct.)

Soldier with bent bow andarrow in it. {Butler.) Butler,

Dempster, David Camerarius,

Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Kentigern ofGlasgow

B. 601 (Jan. 13). Of royal

blood among the Picts, placedin Culross monastery rmder St.

Servanus and, as Bishop, sent

missionaries to Iceland. Hold-ing a salmon, a ring in its gills.

{Acta Sanct.) Holdmg a ploughdrawn by two deer or a deerand a wolf. {Cahier.) Butter,

Leland, Usher, Hector Boetius,

Leslie, etc.

St. Kerrian. SeeSt. Kieran

(Mar. 5).

St. Kevin. SeeSt. Coemgen

(June 3).

St. Keyne of WalesV. c. 490 (Oct. 8). Daughterof the Welsh prince, Breachan,she hved in retirement at

Kejmsham, near Bristol, after-

wards returning to Wales, whereshe died. Butter, Wilson, Wytford,Cafgrave, Alford, etc.

72

St. Kiara of IrelandV. 680 (Oct. 16). Daughter of

an illustrious family in Munster,

she was appointed by St. Fintan

(Oct. 21) to estabhsh a nunnery

at Tech-telle, in West Meath.

Celt. Marts.

St. Kieran of CornwallB. c. 552 (Mar. 5). Bom in

Cape Clear Island, he became

founder and first Bishop of the

see of Ossoiy, later retiring to

Perranzabuloe, in Cornwall,

where he died. Butler, Usher,

Colgan, John of Tynemouih,

Celt. Marts., etc.

St. Kieran of IrelandAb. 549 (Sept. 9). Son of acarpenter, he was bom in

Connaught and educated by St.

Finnian of Clonard. After a

sojoum imder St. Nemi in

Lough Ome and St. Enda of

Aran-more, he founded the

monastery of Clonmacnois,

where he died. Butler, Usher,

Ware, Suysken the Bollandist,

Aberdeen Breviary, Rom. andCelt. Marts.

St. Kilian of

AubignyP.C. 7th cent. (Nov. 13). AnIrishman and kinsman of St.

Fiacre, he was sent by St. Faxoof Meaux to preach in Artois.

He died and is enshrined at

Aubigny. Butler, Colgan, LeCointe, Mabillon.

St. Kilian and Com-panions, of WurzburgMM. 688 (July 8). Apostle of

Franconia. Sword and crosier.

{Coins of Wurzburg.) Holdingcross ;1 sword under his feet.

{Bilder Legende.) Dagger andsword. {Attrib. der Heil.) Mar-tyred by sword ?and spear.

{Der Heil. Leb.)"^

Ibid., twoswords. {Lambrecht.) Butter,

Mabillon, Bollandus, Rom. andGer. Marts., etc.

St. Kinga. SeeSt. Cunegund

(July 24).

St, Kinnia, or Kinnea,of Ireland

V. c. 400 (Feb. i). Nothing is

known of this saint beyond atradition that she was baptizedand received the veil at the

hands of St. Patrick. Her relics

were venerated at Louth, in

Ulster. Butler, Jocelin, Colgan,

Bollandus.

St, Knut. SeeSt. Canute

(Jan. 19).

St. Kummermiss. SeeSt, Wilgefortis

(July 20).

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Kuln. SeeSt. Kilian

(July 8).

St. Kyle. SeeSt. Kennocha

(Mar. 13).

SS. Kyneburge, W.,Kyneswide andKynedride, W., ofPeterborough

7th cent. (Mar. 6). Daughtersof Penda, K. of Mercia. St.

Kyneburge married Alfred, sonof Oswy, K. of Bemicia, andon his death entered the nunneryof Dormundcaster with hersisters, whence their relics weretranslated to Peterborough.BuUer, Bede, Capgrave, Wm. ofMalmesbury, Eng. Mart., etc.

St. Kynederyn. SeeSt. Kentigern

(Jan. 13).

St. LactantiusOne of the ScUlitan Martyrs.Companion of St. Speratus(July 17), q.v.

St. Lactean of ClonfertAb. 622 (Mar. 19). A friend of

St. Mochoe-mog of Kilkenny,and foimder of the Abbey of

Clonfert, where he died. Bol-

landus, Celt. Marts.

St. Lactean of Kerryc. 560 (n.d.) A contemporaryof St. Senan of Iniscathy. TheChurch of Lis-lachtin, co.

Kerry, perpetuates his name.

St. Ladislas ofHungary

K.C. 1095 (June 27). Kingholding an ensign before his

army. (Callot.) Defended bytwo angels. {Gueffier.) Rosaryand sword in hand. (Cahier.)

Church in hand. (Ibid.) Bring-

ing water out of a rock for his

troops. (Ibid.) Holding animperial globe marked withcrosses, ^bid.) Butler, Pape-broke, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. LaetusB.M. Companion of St. Dona-tianus (Sept. ,6), q.v. Was burnt

aHve by Huneric in the Arianpersecution.

St. Laetusp. Companion of St. Vincent

(Sept. i), q.v.

St. Lalo. See

St. Ladislas(June 27).

St. Lamalisse of ArranC. 7th cent. (Mar. 3). Lived

in the Isle of Arran on the west

of Scotland, where, according

to Butler, a neighbouring islet

bears his name. Butler.

St. Lambert, or Laudus,of MaestrichtB.M. c. 709 (Sept. 17). Epis-

copal vestments, holding swordand open book. (Windovi), St.

Mary's, Shrewsbury.) Stabbedwith javelins. (Callot.) Refus-ing a cup at table of Pepin.

(Icon. Sanct.) Abruptly leaving

the same. (Gueffier.) Prayingbefore a church ; city on fire.

(Bavaria Pia.) Beaten with aclub. (Der. Heyl. Leb.) A lance

or dart. (Attrib. der Heil.)Cairy-ing hot coals in folds of his

surplice for a thurible. (Ch. of St.

Bavon, Ghent.) Luminous cross

over his dead body. (Cahier.)

Bede, Ado, Hrabanus, Usuardus,Wandelbert, Mod. Rom. Mart.,

etc.

St. Lambert theHusbandman, ofSaragossaM. (Apr. 16). Companion to St.

Eucratia, q.v. His head in his

hands. (Baring-Gould.)

St. Landelin of CrespinAb. 686 (Jtme 15). Dying in

sackcloth and ashes, devil

carrying away his former com-panion. (Old engraving.) Churchin hand. (Cahier.) Fountainspringingfrom his crosier. (Ibid.

)

Butler, Mdbillon, Rom., Belg.

and Gall. Marts.

St. Landoald of Ghent,P.O., and CompanionsMM. 8th cent. (Mar. 19). Sentby Pope Martin to assist St.

Amandus (Feb. 6) in his missionto the Low Countries, he foundedthe Church of St. Peter at

Wintershoven, where he died, his

rehcs being translated to St.

Bavon's Church, Ghent, in 980.Belg., Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Landrada ofMunster Bilsen

V. Abs. c. 708 (July 8). Crosscoming down to her. (Cahier.)

Saussaye, Belg. Marts.

St. Landric of Alsacec. 700 (Apr. 17). Bishop of

Metz. Son of SS. Vincent Madel-gar and Waltrudis.

St. Landric, orLandericus, of Paris

B.C. c. 660 (June 10). Openrazor on a book. (Burgmaier.)

A cock near him. (Cahier.)

Butler, Henschenius, Papebroke,Paris Breviary, etc.

St. Lantbert of theLyonnais

c. 688 (Apr. 14). Bishop of

Lyons.

St. LargusM. Companion of St. Csoiacus(Aug. 8), q.v.

73

St. LargusCompanion of St. Hilary (Mar.

16), q.v.

St. Laserian of IrelandB.Ab. 638 (Apr. 18). Educatedby St. Muran (Mar. 12), he wasordained priest by St. Gregorythe Great. Succeeding St.

Goban as Abbot of LeighEn, hefounded and became first Bishopof that see. Butler, Colgan, Celt.

Mart.

Bl. Latinus of BresciaB. 2nd cent. (Mar. 24). Domini-can wearing a cardinal's hat.

(Predella, Fra Angelico.)

St. Laudo or Laudebert.See St. Lambert

(Sept. 17).

St. Laudry. SeeSt. Laudric

(June 10).

St. Laudus. See St. Lo(Sept. 21).

St. Launomar, orLaumer, of Chartres

Ab. 593 (Jan. 19). Countingmoney. (Cahier.) Boy keepingsheep. (Ibid.) Driving awaywolves from pursuing a hind.

(Ibid.) Barrel at his feet. (Statu-

ary, Chartres Cath.) Butler,

Bollandus, MabiUon, Chatelain,

Gall. Mart.

St. Laurence of Canter-buryAbp. 619 (Feb. 2). Showing K.Edbald the stripes inflicted

on him by St. Peter. (Porter's

Lives of the Saints.) Butler,

Bede, Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Laurence O'Toole ofDublinAbp. 1180 (Nov. 14). Lightover the Church of Eu, where hewas buried. (Gueffier.) Butler,

Surius, Rom. Mart.

St. Laurence ofLombardyAbp. 512 (July 27). Archbishopof Milan.

St. Laurence of RomeDn. 258 (Aug. 10). Deaconholding gridiron. (Gand,Ferrari; Screens at Worstead,Ludham, Hempstead and Ran-worth; Window, N. Tuddenham.)Extended on gridiron. (St.

Lawrence, Norwich.) Pahn andcrucifix. (Nat. Gal.) Palm, hotgridiron near him. (Ikon.)

Deacon with thurible, standingon a gridiron. (Vivarini.)

Deacon with clasped book andgridiron. (Window, NetUe-stead.) Church and book ; longcross headed staff. (St. LawrenceWithout the Walls, Rome.)

Saints and their EmblemsWearing dalmatic embroideredwith flames, holding bag of

money. (Fra Angelica , Chap.Nicholas F.) Distributing moneyfrom a bag in his hand. {Fra

Angelica.) All Martyrolagies.

St. Laurence of SpoletoB. c. 576 (Feb. 3). Sumamedthe Illuminator, he is said to

have come from Syria in thereign of Diocletian, when he waselected to be Bishop of Spoleto.

Ballandus.

St. Laurence Justinianof Venice

Patr. 1455 (Sept. 5). Distribut-

ing Church vessels in a famine.

(7/ Prete Genavese, Venice.)

Cross in hand. (Cahier.) Ram.Mart.

St. LaurenceM. Companion of St. Celerinus

(Feb. 3), q.v.

St. LaurenceM. Brother of St. Pereginus

(June 3), q.v.

St. Laurian of SevilleB.M. 6th cent. (July 4). Be-headed and giving his head to besent to Seville. (Cahier.)

St. Lazarus of Con-stantinopleMk. C. c. 870 (Feb. 23). Paint-

ing pictures for churches withhis hands burnt. [Zanaras.)

Anastasius the Librarian, Rom.Mart.

St. Lazarus ofMarseillesB.M. (Dec. 17). Sailing to

Marseilles. (fVeyen.) Bishopwith a small coffin on his right

arm. (Saliiaire.) Ram. andGall. Marts.

St. Lazarus of MilanB. c. 449 (Feb. 11). Very little

is known of this saint exceptthat he was consecrated Bishopof Milan before 440, in the timeof the Gothic invasion, andwas the first bishop to order

htanies to be used in the

churches of Milan. Ballandus,

Rom. Mart.

St. Lea of RomeW. c. 384 (Mar. 22). A rich

Roman matron distinguished

by the austerity and humilityof her life. Butler, St. Jerame,Rom. Mart.

St. Leander of SpainB.C. 596 (Feb. 27). Apostleto the Visigoths. Bl. Virgin

and Holy Child appearing to

him. [Old engraving) Holdingenflamed heart. (Cahier.) Witha pen. (Baring-Gould.) With aboy athis side. (Ibid.) Bede,Ada,Notker, Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. Lebbseus.

St. Jude(Oct. 28).

See

St. Lebuinus of

DeventerP.C. 773 (Nov. 12). Priest in

chasuble, holding cross andbook and treading on a spiked

club. (Baring-Gould.) A Life

by the Monk Hucbald, Butler,

Mabillan, Surius, Gall., Ger.

and Belg. Marts.

St. Leger. See

St. Leodegar(Oct. 2).

St. Leo of Champagnec. 540 (Apr. 22). Bishop of Sens.

St. Leo (the Great)Pope. 461 (Apr. 11). SS. Peter

and Paul menacing Attila.

(Callot.) On horseback, Attila

and soldiers kneeling before

him. (Der Heyl. Leb.) Praj^ngat the tomb of St. Peter.

(Statuary, Chartres Cath.) Bede,

Hrdbanus, Notker, Ram. Mart.,

Gk. Men.

St. Leo II.Pope. 684 (June 28). Embracinga beggar. {(Cahier.) Ram. Mart.

St. Leo III.Pope. 816 (June 12). Holdingan asperge. (Cahier.) Men try-

ing to pluck out his eyes andtongue. (Cahier.) St. Peterblessing him and giving hima pallium. (Mosaic, Lateran.)

Cologne, Lubeck and Rom.Marts.

St. Leo IV.Pope. d. 855 (July 17). Drivingaway a dragon. (Cahier.) Rom.Mart.

St. Leo IX.Pope. 1054 (Apr. 19). Visiting

the sick. (Burgmaier.) Blessing

a church from a distance.

(Cahier.) Ram. Mart.

St. Leo of RouenAbp. c. 900 (Mar. i). Apostleof Bayonne. Bishop, holdinghis head in his hands (at

Bayonne). Gall. Mart, (on abovedate) ; Saussaye and Ferrarius(on Mar. 3).

St. Leo the Wonder-Worker of Sicily


Catania.

St. LeoM. One of the Seven FranciscanMart3rrs (Oct. 13), q.v.

SS. Leo and Pare-gorius, of PataraMM. 3rd cent. (Feb. 18). St.

Paregorius having been mar-tyred, St. Leo was arrested forpraying at his tomb, scourgedand executed, and his bodythrown down a precipice. But-ler, Ruinart, Ballandus.

74

St. Leobard of

MarmoutierH. c. 583 (Jan. 18). Of noble

parentage in Auvergne, he lived

a recluse at Marmoutier, where

he was frequently visited by his

friend, St. Gregory of Tours.

St. Gregory of Tours, Gall. Mart.

St. Leocadia of ToledoV.M. 303 (Dec. 9). Appearing

to St. Ildefonsus from her

tomb. (Hospital, Sta. Cruz.)

Praying in prison. (Callat.)

Tower and sword. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Usuardus, Notker, Ado,

Rom. and S-pn. Marts.

St. Leocritia of

CordovaV.M. 859 (Mar. 15). A Moslemconvert harboured by St.

Eulogius (Mar. 11), but dis-

covered in his house and putto death four days after the

martyrdom of St. Eulogius. ALife of St. Eulogius by Alvar.

St. Leodegar of AutunB.M. 678 (Oct. 2). Holdingan augur. (Roodscreen,Ashton.)

His eyes plucked out. (Callot.)

Tongue cut out. (Icon. Sanct.)

Tongue in his hand. (Revue deI'Art ChrStien.) Pickaxe in his

hand. (Ikon.) Bodkin in his

hand. (Weyen.) Hook withtwo prongs in his hand. (Coins

of Lucerne.) Gimlets in his eyes.

(Baring-Gould.) Pincers hold-

ing his eyeballs. (Ibid.) Ada,Usuardus, Mabillan, SarumBreviary, Rom., Gall, and Ger.

Marts.

St Leofe. SeeSt. Lioba

(Sept. 28).

St. Leonard of LimogesH. c. 559 (Nov. 6). Ox lyingnear hun. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Releasing prisoners from stocks.

(Cat. Sanct., Burgmaier.) Chainsor manacles with lock. (Font,

Taverham.) Chains and crosier.

(Screen, Westhall.) Brokenfetters, with a lock. (Liber

Cranic.) In a cave, chains nearhim. (Icon. Sanct.) Fetters inhis hand. (Roodscreen, Hemp-stead ; Window, Sparham. , And.del Sarto, Vienna Gal.) Obtain-ing a fountain by prayer.(Cahier.) Manacles and book.(MS. Hours.) Abbot holdingfetters. (Formerly in St. John's,Maddermarket, Norwich.)Standing, with chain in hand,before Clovis and his queen onhorseback. (Passianael) Youthmounting ladder, St. Leonardholding him by a chain. (DasPassianael.) A vane in his hand.Camden's Britain.) Surius,Butler, Baronius ; Sarum, Yorkand Hereford Breviaries, Rom.and Gall. Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Leonard of PortMaurice

C.O.M. 1751 (Nov. 26). Enteredthe Minorites at the age of

twenty-one, and became notedas a conductor of missions as

well as for the austerity of his

mode of hfe. Rom. and Fran-ciscan Maris.

St. Leonard de Reresbyof Tryberg, Yorks

13th cent. (Nov. 6). Said to

have been fonnerly veneratedin Yorkshire. In chains andfetters. {Window formerly inTryberg Church.) 17th cent.

Memoirs of Sir John Reresby of

Thryberg.

St. LeonidasM. Companion of St. Marcian(June 5), q.v.

St. Leonides ofAlexandriaM. c. 202 (Apr. 22). A philo-

sopher, and father of Origen theGreat, imprisoned and beheadedby Laetus, Governor of Egypt.Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius, etc.

St. LeonillaM. Grandmother and com-panion of St. Speucippus (Jan.

17), q.v.

St. Leonorius ofBrittany

B.C. c. 530 (July i). Hanginghis mantle on a sunbeam.{Cahier.) Driving twelve stags

in plough. {Ibid.) Bell in hand.

{Ibid.) Butler, Usuardus, Lobi-

neau, Leon Breviary, etc.

St. LeontiaM. Companion of St. Dionysia

pec. 6),^.f.

SS. Leontiusc. 530 (Aug. 21) and Leontius

II., 585 (Nov. 15), of Aquitaine.

Bishops of Bordeaux.

St. Leontius and Com-panions, of PhoeniciaMM. c. 135 (June 18). Three

soldiers at Tripolis, executed bythe order of Hadrian for refus-

ing to sacrifice to the gods.

Theodoret, The Life of St. Euthy-

mius (Jan. 20), Rom. Mart.,Gk.

Men., Russ. Kalendar.

St. Leontius of

Saintonge626 (Mar. 19 or Nov. 17). Bishop

of Saintes.

St. LeontiusM. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Angel

near him, holding a bottle.

{Cahier.) Scourged to death.

{Ibid.)

St. Leopold IV. of

AustriaC. 1136 (Nov. 15)- In Mar-

grave's apparel, holding a

^church. {Bilder Legende, Burg-maier.) Ibid.,c\mxcla. and banner.{Coins of Carinthia ; Hergott's

House of Austria.) In armour,rosary in hand. {Vienna Gal.)

Butler, Surius, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Lerconius of

Champagnec. 665 (Apr. i). Bishop of

Troyes.

St. Lesin. SeeSt. Licinius

(Feb. 13).

St. Lethard. SeeSt. Liuthard

(Feb. 24).

St. Leu. See St. Lupus(July 29).

St. Leucius of Apulia(Jan. 11). A Bishop ol Brindisi,

St. LeuciusM. Companion of St. Thyrsus(Jan. 28), q.v.

St. Leudomer ofChalons-sur-Marne

c. 583 (Oct. 2). Brother andsuccessor to St. Elaphius, q.v.

The Rev. S. Baring-Gouldstates that his emblem is an eye.

Saussaye, Gall. Marts.

St. Leutfried, Leu-fredus, or Leufroi, of

EvreuxAb. 738 (June 21). A child or

children near him. {Cahier.)

Fountain springing imder his

staff. {Ibid.) Butler, Usuardus,

Mabillon, Rom., Gall, and Bene.

Marts.

St. Leuthiern ofCornwall and Brittany

6th cent. (Oct. 17). A disciple

of St. Ruadan of Lothra (April

15), said to have died at St.

Ludgran, in Cornwall, whencehis reUcs were translated to

Brittany in the 6th century, and,

with those of St. Levan, to Paris,

in 965. Mabillon, Bollandists.

St. Leutwin of Trier(Sept. 29). Archbishop of

Treves.

St. Levan, or Levian,

of TreguierB.C. 6th cent. (Oct. 17). Anative of Cornwall who emi-

grated to Brittany, where hewas consecrated Bishop. Hiscell was at Trezardac, nearTreguier, and he is invoked in

Brittany on behalf of deformedchildren. Bollandists (on abovedate) ; in The Memorials of

British Piety (on Dec. 24) ; in

Brittany (on Sept. 12).

St. LevanM. (Oct. 27). A companion of

St. la, q.v. Murdered by pagan

75

Saxons. A spring and baptistry

are dedicated to him at Land'sEnd.

St. Lewinna, or Lewine,of Sussex

V.M. 7th cent. (July 24). ABritish maiden martyred by the

Saxons. Her relics were trans-

lated, in 1058, from Seaford,

in Sussex, to St. Winoc's Abbeyat Berghe, in Flanders. Butler,

Solier, Alford.

St. Liafdag ofDenmarkM. c. 980 (Feb. 3). Bishop of

Ripe.

St. Liafwin. SeeSt. Livinus

(Nov. 12).

St. Libentius of

Oldenburgd. 1013 (Jan 4). An Archbishopof Bremen.

St. Liberata. SeeSt. Wilgefortis

(July 20).

St. Liberatus of Africa,

Ab., and CompanionsMM. 483 (Aug. 17). The abbotand six monks of a monasteryat Capsa in Byzacene martyredin the Arian persecution underHimeric. After imprisonmentin chains they were set afloat

in a fire-ship, but, the vessel

failing to bum, were broughtashore and beaten to death withclubs. Ado, Nother, Rom. Mart.

St. Liberatus thePhysician of Africa, andCompanionsMM. c. 484 (Mar. 23). A phy-sician of Carthage exiled withhis wife during the Arian per-

secution under Huneric. Victor

of Utica, Rom. Mart.

St. LiberiusPope. 366 (Sept. 23). Successorto Pope Justius I. Banishedto Thrace for refusing to con-

demn St. Athanasius at therequest of the Arian Emperor,Constantius, he later lapsed

into Arianism and was recalled

to Rome. Wandelbert, Athana-sius, Theodoret, Sozomen, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Liberius of RavennaB. c. 206 (Dec. 30). Successorto St. Datus as Bishop of

Ravenna. Three bishops of

this name are venerated at

Raveima as saints. St. Liberius

II. died in 351 and St. Liberius

III. c. 37^. One or more of

the three is commemorated at

Ravenna on April 29. Rom,Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Liborius of LeMans

B. 397 (July 23). Small stones

on a book. (Chris. Kunst.)

A peacock. [Ibid.) Butler,

Tillemont, Fleury.

St. Licinius of AngersB.C. Count of Anjou. c. 618

(Feb. 13). Cup with serpent

above it. (Cahier.) Butler,

Bollandus, Usuardus, Rom. andGall. Marts.

Bl. Lidwyna of

SchiedamV. 1433 (Apr. 14). Receiving alily on a branch in blossomfrom an angel. (Old engraving ;

Cahier.) Butler, Thomas d

Kempis, Papebroke, Molanus,Rom. and Belg. Marts.

St. Liebert of FlandersM. 835 (July 14). Bom at

Mechlin, he entered the mon-astery of St. Rumbold, of whichhe became Abbot. He wasmurdered in the Norman in-

vasion, at the altar of St. Tron,

whe^e his reUcs are preserved.

Life of St. Rumbold, Belg. andGall. Marts.

St. Liefard, or Lifard, of

OrleansAb. 6th cent. (June 3). Withhook and crutch-shaped stick

piercing dragon at his feet.

(XIV. cent, window, Chartres.)

St. Lienus. See St. Leo(Nov. 12).

St. Lietbert, or Liebert,

of CambraiB. 1076 (June 23). Succeeded

his uncle, Gerard, as Bishop of

Cambrai. A Life by Rudolph

of Cambrai, Belg. and Gall.

Marts.

St. Lieu. See St. Lupus(July 29).

St. LinusPope. M. c. 67 (Sept. 23and Nov. 26). Accordmg to

Irenaeus, was the first Bishop of

Rome and direct successor to

St. Peter. Usuardus, Bede,

Wandelbert, Rom. Mart.

St. Lioba of GermanyAbs. c. 779 (Sept. 28). A con-

nection by blood of St. Boni-

face, she was bom at Wimbome,where she entered the mon-astery. On emigrating to

Germany she was settled by St.

Boniface in a monastery at Bis-

choffsheim, where she was held

in hi^h esteem by King Pepin

and his son Charlemagne. But-

ler, Hrabanus, Mabillon, Rom.,

Ger. and Bene. Marts.

St. LitteusM. Companion of St. Nemesi-

anus (Sept. 10), g.v.

St. Liuthard of SenlisB.C. c. 680 (Feb. 24). Chaplain

to Bertha, wife of St. Ethelbert,

K. of Kent, he officiated at St.

Martin's Church, Canterbury,

where he died. Life of St.

Ethelbert, Butler, Bede, Wm. of

Malmesbury.

St. Livinus, or Lieven,

of GhentB.M. 657 (Nov. 12). Holdinghis tongue in pincers. (Cope,

Ghent Cath.) Holding pincers.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Handsand feet cut off. (Passionael.)

Striking on a fountain with his

crosier. (Cahier.) Childrenroundhim. (Ibid.) His tongue thrownto dogs. (Ibid.) Rom. andBelg. Marts.

St. Livrade. SeeSt. Wilffefortis

(July 20).

St. Lo, or Laudus, ofCoutances (Normandy)

B. c. 568 (Sept. 21 and 22).

Fiery dove over his head at

mass. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom.Mart.

St. Lolan of RomeB.C. 5th cent. (Sept. 22). Anephew of St. Serf, bom in

Palestine, he came to Romeand was appointed doorkeeperof the Roman Church. AberdeenBreviary, Scot. Marts.

St. Lolan of Scotland1039 (Sept. 22). A counsellor

of K. Duncan, by whose advicethe Danes were defeated at

Kinghom and Culross. DavidCamerarius.

SS. Loman and Fort-chem, of IrelandBB. 433 (Feb. 17 and Oct. 11).

St. Loman is described as anephew of St. Patrick. First

Bishop of Trim, co. Meath, hebaptized St. Fortchem, whosucceeded him in the bishopric.

Butler, Jocelin, Colgan, Usher.

St. Lomer. SeeSt. Launomar

(Jan. 19).

St. Longinus ofJerusalem

M. ist cent. (Mar. 15). Onhorseback, helmeted, with longspear. (XV. cent, window. Fair-

ford.) Soldier with spear.

(Roodscreen, Suffield ; Mantua,And. Mantagua ; Statue, St.

Peter's, Rome.) Spear in onehand ; pointing to his eye withthe other. {Window, St. Peter's

Mancroft, Norwich.) Dragon athis feet. (Ikon.) Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Loo. See St. Eligius(Dec. i),

76

St. Louis of FranceK.C. 1270 (Aug. 25). Holding

crown of thorns and cross.

(Font, Stalham.) Three nails

in his right hand, standard of

the cross in his left. (Callot.)

Crown of thorns encircling three

nails, and holding two sceptres.

(Tab. de la Croix.) Dove over

his head ; Ulies of France.

(Roodscreen, Foxley.) Crown of

thoms, nails and sword.

(Madrid Gal., C. Coello.) Cross

in right hand, cloth or veil in

Mt.' (Roodscreen, Gately.) Royal

mantle, green, ermine cape

;

three nails and spear-head in

right hand, pilgnm's staff in

left. (Roodscreen, Suffield.) Onhorseback in armour ; shield

and standard charged with

fleurs-de-lis. (Window, Chartres

Cath.) Crowned, bearing a

sceptre with a lUy and giving

alms. (Flos Sanctorum.) Pil-

grim's staff. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Cross upon his sleeve. (Die

Heiligenbild.) Entertaining poor

at table. (Burgmaier.) Ibid.,

and washing their feet. (Der

Heyl.Leb.) Holdingtwo sceptres,

one terminating with a hand in

attitude of benediction. (XV.cent. window, KunstgewerbeMuseum, Berlin.) In blue robe,

seme e de Us. As the last , holding

crown of thoms in right hand,

hand-headed sceptre in left.

(Window, St. Martin-es-Vignes,

Troyes.) {Window, Le Mans.)


St. Louis of ToulouseB. 1297 (Aug. 19). Friar hold-

ing a chasuble, beggar kneeling

before him. (Callot.) Washingthe feet of the poor. (Icon.

Sanct.) Franciscan bishop in

cope with fleurs-de-lis, crownat his feet. (Louvre, C. Roselli,

Turin Gal., M. d'Alladio.)

Three crowns at his feet. (Ikon.)

Holding a flower. (Weyen.)Holding a board with the letters

I.N.R.I. (Burgmaier.) Francis-

can^habit under a cope ; crosier

and book. (Window, AargauCh.) Butler, Fleury, Piniusthe Bollandist, Rom. and Gall.

Marts.

St. Louis Bertrand ofValencia

C. 1581 (Oct. 9). Dominican,holding in one hand a cup witha serpent issuing from it and acrucifix in the other ; two angels

standing before him, one withan open book, the other withthree loaves on a dish. (Old

engraving.) Holding a pistol

with a crucifix instead of abarrel. (Cahier.) Butler, Ton-ron, Rom. Mart.

St. Louis Gonzaga. SeeSt. Aloysius

(June 21).

Bl. Louis MorbioliC. 1485 (n.d.) Banner withcrucifix on it. (Cahier.)

St. Loye. SeeSt. Eligius

(Dec. I).

St. Luaid, or Luanus.See St. Molua

(Aug. 4).

St. Lubentius of CobernP.C. 4th cent. (Oct. 13). Bap-tized and adopted, when a cliild,

by St. Martin of Tours, andordained priest by St. Maxi-minus. According to his Lifein the Amstein Passionale hewas sent by St. Paulinus tofetch the body of St. Maxi-minus from Aquitaine, and onhis;,death his body, set afloaton the Rhine, ascended the riverto Dietkirchen, where his rehcsare preserved. Venerated atTreves. Amstein Passionale.

St. Lubin of ChartresB. 587 (Mar 14). Administeringextreme unction to a saint.

{Statuary, Chartres Cath,) As ashepherd. Drivinga cart througha ford. {Window, Chart.)

Gall. Mart., his translation inthe Rom. Mart, (on Sept. 15).

St. LucanusM. N.D. (Oct. 30). Holding hishead cut off. {Weyen.) Hang-ing his mantle on a sunbeam.{Cahier.)

SS. Luceja, V., andAucejas, of RomeMM. 301 (June 25). St. Luceja,

a Christian maiden, is said to

have been carried away fromRome in one of the incursions

of the Alemanni. She succeededin converting her captor,

Aucejas, who aiter twenty years

returned with her to Rome,where both were arrested byorder of the Prefect Aemilius

and decapitated for their faith.

Ado, Usuardus, Hrabanus, Rom.Mart.

SS. Lucia, W., andGreminianus of RomeMM. c. 304 (Sept. 16). St.

Lucia, a patrician widow, wasdenounced by her own son,

Euprepius, during the Diocletian

persecution. St. Geminianus,

a pagan, converted by her con-

stancy under torture, is com-memorated with her. Butler,

Sticker the Bollandist, Sarumand York Kalendars, Rom.Marts.

St. Lucian of AntiochB.M. 31a (Jan. 7). Consecrat-

ing on his own breast, Ijang onpotsherds in prison. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Lying on potsherds

in prison. {Guefier.) His body,

brought on shore by a dolphin.

Saints and their Emblems{Cahier.) Chalice and Host.{Baring-Gould.) A dolphin at

Ids side. {Ibid.) Butler, Eusebius,

Rufinus, Tillemont, St. Jerome,Theodoret, Rom. Marts.

St. Lucian of BeauvaisB. 3rd cent. (Jan. 8). His headin his hands. {Baring-Gould.)

Butler, Tillemont, Bollandus,Bede, Ado, Notker, Rom. andEng. Marts., etc.

SS. Lucian and Marcian,of NicomediaMM. 250 (Oct. 26). Two con-verts from idolatry racked,tortured and burnt to deathunder the proconsul Sabinusin the Decian persecution. But-ler, Ruinart,Tillemont, Usuardus,Hrabanus, Mod. Rom. Mart., etc.

St. LucianM. Companion of St. Mac-robius (Sept. 13), q.v.

St. LucianM. Companion of St. Pere-grinus (July 7), q.v.

St. LucillaV.M. Companion and daughterof St. Nemesius (Oct. 31), q.v.

St. Lucina of RomeMatr. 1st or 4th cent. (Jime30). Stated in the Rom. Mart,to have been a disciple of theapostles who ministered to themin prisonand buried the martyrs,but another saint of the samename is mentioned in the Actsof SS. Sebastian and Marcellusas being baptized with the

household of the prefect Nico-

stratus and as finding andburjdng the body of St.

Sebastian. Usuardus, Ado,Rom. Mart.

St. Lucius of BritainK.C. 2nd cent. (Dec. 3). Threesceptres tipped with crosses.

{Lib. Cronicarum.) Idol falling

from a broken column. {Burg-

maier.) BuUer, Usher, A Iford,Baronius, Tillemont, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Lucius of RomePope. M. 253 (Mar. 4). Ban-ished by the Emperor Gullus

immediately upon his succession

to the Papal Chair, he later

returned to Rome. The mannerof his death is not stated, buthis body, recovered from the

catacombs, is now in the Churchof St. Cecilia, at Rome. Butler,

Eusebius, St. Cyprian, Tille-

mont, Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. LuciusM. Companion of St. Mon-tanus (Feb. 24), q.v.

St. LuciusM. Companion of St. Nemesi-

anus (Sept. 10), q.v.

77

St. LuciusM. Companion of St. Ptole-

maeus (Oct. 19), q.v.

St. Lucy of BolognaO.S.D. N.D. See St. Lucyof Syracuse, first emblem.{Husenbeth.)

St. Lucy of SyracuseV.M. 303 Pec. 13). Her eyes

in a dish or salver. {Bologna,

Vitalis ; Titian; Dom Vene-

ziano, Florence Gal.) This

emblem is said to belong also

to St. Lucy of Bologna. Eyeson a book. {Roodscreen, Eye.)

Eyes on a shell. {Baring-Gould.)

Presenting her eyes on a dish

to the B.V. Mary ; a daggerin her hand. {Razzi, Turin Gal.)

A skull with eyes. {Calendar

of the Prayer Book.) Wound in

her neck, poignard in hand.

(C. Dolce, Florence Gal.) Raysof Ught issuing from wound in

her neck. {Baring - Gould.)

Standing in fire, a swordthrough her neck. {Lam-)brecht.) Sword through herneck. {Roodscreen, Heavitree.)

Sword on her left shoulder.

{Roodscreen, Eye.) In a caul-

dron over a fire. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Cup and palm branch.{MS., Brit. Museum.) Holdinga lamp. {Carotto.) Two oxenunable to drag her along. {DasPassionael.) Holding three

crowns. (Weyen.) Tormentedby devils. {Husenbeth.) Withpincers. {Ibid.) Kneeling at

the tomb of St. Agatha, whoappears to her. {Cahier.) AllMarts.

St. Lucy of VerdunV. 1090 (Sept. 19). Holding adagger. {Window, St. Stephen's,

Norwich.) Butler, Dempster,Camerarius, Lahier, etc.

St. Ludger of MiinsterB. Apostle of Saxony. 805(Mar. 26). Sajdng his breviary.

(Ikon.) A swan. {Attrib. der

Heil.) A church in his hand.{Ibid.) Butler, Mabillon, Surius,

Bollandus, Usuardus, Rom.,Treves and Bene. Marts.

St. Ludmilla ofBohemiaW.M. 927 (Sept. 16). Veil in

her hand. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Strangled with veil. {St.

Laurence Ch., Nuremberg.)Ferrarius, Greven, Canisius.

St. Ludolf ofMecklenburgM. 120 1 (Mar. 29). Bishop of

Ratzeburg.

St. Ludwig of SwabiaCh.M. 1429 (Apr. 30). A Swisschild said to have suffered ritual

murder by Jews. His relics

are in the Church of St. Vitus,

Ravensburg. Chronicles of

Oeningen and Ravensburg.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Lugidas. 8e,e

St. Molua(Aug. 4).

St. Luglian ofMontdidierM. Companion of St. Lugliusof Lillers (Oct. 23), q.v.

St. Luglus of LillersB.M. c. 800 (Oct. 23). Holdingmodel of a house in flames.

(Ca/sj'er.)

St. Luican of IrelandC. (July 27). Titular saint of

the parish of Kill-luicain.

Butler.

St. Luidhard. SeeSt. Liuthard

(Feb. 24).

St. Luke the Evangelistist cent. (Oct. 18). A wingedox beside him. An ox lying

near him. (Roodscreen, EastRuston.) Painting a portrait

of the B.V. Mary. (Raphael,

Rome ; J. van Eyk, Munich ;

Rizzi, Aguado Gal., etc.) Bya sick man in bed. [Pulpit,

Botzen.) Holding a picture of

the B.V. Mary. [Attrih. der

Heil.) With painting materials.

[Ikon.) As a physician. [Mol-

anus.) All Martyrologies.

St. Luke of DemenaAb. 993 (Oct. 13). Expelhngan army of Arabs. (Cahier.)

St. LukeDn.M. Companion of St.

Pauhnus (July 12), q.v.

St. Lullus, or Lullon, of

MainzAbp. 786 (Oct. 16). Of EngUshbirth, and a cousin to St. Boni-

face, he was educated at Mahnes-bury Abbey. On being madedeacon he went to Germany to

act as archdeacon to St. Boni-

face, whom he succeeded onhis resignation from the arch-

bishopric. Butler, Mahillon,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Luman. See

St. Loman(Feb. 17).

St. Lunaire. See

St. Leonorius(July I)-

St. Luperculus, or

Lupercus, of Tarbes3rd cent. (June 28). Popularly

believed to have been a bishop

at Eauze martyred in the

Decian persecution, but it is

difficult to separate him from

the St. Luperculus who wasdecapitated, with eighteen com-panions, at Saragossa by Decianthe Governor under Diocletian

c. 304. It is possible that

they are the same saints whomay have preached at Eauze(anciently Elusa) and thence

journeyed into Spain to his

mart5T:dom. Gall. Marts. Com-memorated at Tarbes on Mar. 5.

St. Lupercus of

SaragossaM. Companion of St. Optatus

(Apr. 16), q.v.

SS. Luperius (6th cent.)

and Luperius II. (c. 800)of Venetia

(Dec. 2). Bishops of Verona.

St. Lupicinus of

CondateAb. c. 480. Brother and com-panion of St. Romanus (Feb. 28)

,

q.v.

St. Lupicinus ofVenetia

6th cent. (May 31). Bishop of

Verona.

St, Lupo of Bergamo,and CompanionsMM. c. 300 (Sept. 4) Wearinga royal crown. (Salmeggia.Brera,

Milan.)

St. Lupus of Chalons-sur-Saone

B. c. 610 (Jan. 27). Canonisedby Pope John VIII. in 890.

Baring-Gould.

St. Lupus of SensAbp. 623 (Sept. i). A diamondfalling in his chahce at Mass.(Callot.) A writing from heavenfalling near him at Mass.(Cahier.) Finding a buriedtreasure. (Ibid.) Church in hand.(Ibid.) At an altar, giving a dia-

mond to K. Clotaire. (Der Heyl.

Leb.) Extinguishing a fire by his

prayers. (Gueffier^ A wagonat his door, laden with wineobtainedbyprayer. (Passionael.)

Cup in hand containing adiamond. (Ikon.) Butler, Ado,Usuardus, Surius, Velde the

Bollandisf, Rom. and Gall.

Marts., etc.

St. Lupus of Toulouse6th cent. (Sept. 25). Bishopof Lyons.

St. Lupus of TrovesB- 479 (July 29). Protectingthe city of Troyes againstAttila. (Gueffier.) Bede, Hra-banus, Rom. and Gall Marts.

St. Lutgardis ofFlanders

V. 1246 (June 16). Cisterciannun, blind. (Ikon.) Arm of acrucifix extended towards her.

(Old engraving.) Our Saviourwith woimd in His side appear-ing to her. (Gueffier.) Thuriblenear her. (Cahier.)

78

St. Luxorius ot

Sardinia, and Com-panionsMM. 303 (Aug. 21). A soldier

and two boys scourged and

beheaded at Forumtrajenois by

order of the prefect Dahnatius

in the Diocletian persecution.

Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Lycerius of Lacerda6th cent. (Aug. 27). , Bishop of

Conserans.

St. LydiaofPhilippiist cent. (Aug. 3). The first

European convert of St. Paul.

The Acts of the Apostles, xvi.

and Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. LydiaM. Wife of St. Philetus (Mar.

27), q.v.

St. Lydwid. See

St. Lidwyna(Apr. 14).

St. Mabena, or Mabyn,of Cornwall

V. Abs. (n.d.) Sister of St.

Morwenna. Crowned, holding

palm and hook. (XV. cent,

window, St. Neots.)

St. Macarius ofAlexandriaM. 250 Pec. 8). A Libs^an

burnt to death in the Decianpersecution. Usuardus, St.

Dionysius of Alexandria, Rom.Mart.

St. Macarius theYounger, of Alexandria

394 (Jan. 2). A lamp or lantern

near him. (Ikon.) Fhes sting-

ing him in the desert. (Das

Passional.) Driving away the

devil with a cross. (Colum.

milit. Eccl.) WaUet (of sand)

on his shoulders. (Cahier.)

Vial of oil at his girdle. (Ibid.)

Naked but for a girdle of ivy

leaves. (Predella , Fra A ngelico.

)

Touching a skull with his stcifE.

(Campo Santo, Pisa.) Hyenaand young beside him. (Baring-

Gould.) Butler, Rufinus, Tille-

mont, Bollandus, Life of St.

Palladius, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Macarius (the

Egyptian) ofAlexandriaAb. 391 (Jan. 15). When amonk, being falsely accusedby a woman who afterwardsconfessed him innocent, hebecame revered as a saint andbecame a recluse in the desert

of Scet6 to escape from popularesteem. Here he becamea friend of St. Macarius the

Yoimger, with whom he wasexiled by Lucian, the Arianbishop of Alexandria under the

Emperor Valens. Rufinus, Sozo-

men, Socrates, Cassian, Rom.Mart., etc.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Macarius of Antioch

B.C. I0I2 (Apr. lo). Hismitre or crosier on the ground.{Gueffier.) Holding a heartsurmounted by three nails,

(Cahier.) Molanus, Raderius,Rom. and Belg. Marts.

St. Macarius ofJerusalem

B. c. 335 (Mar. lo). CreatedBishop of Jerusalem, a.d. 314,he attended the Nicene Council,where he opposed the Ariandoctrine. Eusebius, Theodoret,Socrates, Rom. Mart.

St. Macarius ofPalestineB. c. 350 (Jime 20). Mentionedin a letter from St. Athanasiusto the solitaries of Egypt. Hewas Bishop of Petra. Rom. Mart.

St. Macarius of RomeH. N.D. Two Hons digging his

grave. {Chris. Kunst.) In alion's den. (T bosch derEremyten.)

St. MacariusM. Companion of St. Eudoxius(Sept. 5), q.v.

St. MacariusM. Companion of St. Sjmi-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Maccai of ScotlandAb. 5th cent (Apr. 11). Adisciple of St. Patrick, whoflourished in the Isle of Bute.

Butler, Lesley.

St. Maccail of IrelandB. 490 (Apr. 25). When at

Usny Hill, Westmeath, he re-

ceived the profession and gavethe veil to St. Bridget and her

companions.

St. Maccald of the Isle

of ManB. 498 (Apr. 25). An Irish

freebooter converted by St.

Patrick. He is said to havebeen represented in a cock-

boat with a blazing star over

his head, in the ancient armsof the see of Sodor and Man.Butler, Colgan, Celt. Mart.

St. Maccallin of NamurAb. 978 (Oct. 6). An Irishman

who crossed over to Boulogne

with St. Cadroe in 945. Hefirst became Abbot of a St.

Michael's Abbey in Hainault

and later founded and becameAbbot of Waulsort, between

Dinant and Givet. Colgan,

Frodoard, Life of St. Cadroe.

St. Maccallin of

Scotlandc. 497 (Sept. 6). Bishop of Lusk.

Donegal Mart., MS. Acts, Trin.

Coll., Dublin.

St. Maccarthen of

IrelandC. 506 (Mar. 24 and Aug. 15).

An early disciple of St. Patrick,

by whom he was made Bishopof Clogher. Butler, Colgan,

Usher, Ware, Kalendar of

Cashel, Donegal, TaUaght andother Celt. Marts.

St. MacedoM. Son of SS. Philetus andLydia (Mar. 27), q.v.

SS. Macedonius, Theo-dulus and Companions,of PhrygiaMM. 363 (Sept. 12). Burnton a gridiron. (Callot.) Soc-

rates, Sozomen, Gk. Men., Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Macedonius of SyriaH. Early 5th cent. (Jan. 24).

A hermit noted for his austerty.

By his representations, throughEleutherius, Chamberlain to theEmperor Theodosius, the city

of Antioch was spared, after

the Emperor had condemned it

to be burnt and laid waste. But-ler, St. Chrysostom, Theodoret,

Gk. Men.

St. Machar, or Macker,of Scotland

B. 6th cent. (Nov. 13). Sonof Fiachna, prince of Ulster,

he was baptized by St. Colman.and ordained Bishop by St.

Colimiba, who sent him on amission to the Picts, and whomhe afterwards accompanied,when exiled from Ireland, by theSynod of Teilte. David Camer-arius, Dempster, Adam King,Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Machutus. SeeSt. Maclovius

(Nov. 15).

St. Mackessoge. SeeSt. Kessoge

(Mar. 10).

St. Maclovius, or Maclu,of Brittany

B.C. c. 627 (Nov. 15). Child

at his feet. {Old Sarum Missal.)

Curing a blind nobleman.{Cahier.) Child floating on a

sod on the water. {Ibid.) Butler,

Colgan, Usher; Sarum, Yorkand Hereford Kalendars ; Rom.,Bene, and Gall. Marts.

St. Macnisius, or

Macniss, of Ireland513 (Sept. 3). A disciple of

St. Olcan (Feb. 20) and first

Bishop of Connor. Butler,

Colgan, Ware, Welde the Bol-

landist ,' Celt. Maris.

St. MacraV.M. 303 (Jan. 6). Pincers or

shears. {Ikon.) Holding her

excised breast on a book.

{Baring-Gould.) Breasts on a

plate. {Ibid.) Bollandus,Rheims Breviary ; Rom. andGer. Marts.

79

St. Macrina the

Elderc. 312 (Jan. 14). Grandmotherof St. Gregory Nyssen and St.

Basil the Great. Two stags

near her. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Gregory Nazianzen's Life of

St. Basil.

St. Macrina the

YoungerV. 379 (July 19). Eldest child

of St. Basil the Elder and St.

Emmeha, the sister of St. Basil

the Great. St. Gregory Nyssen,

Bosch the Bollandist ; Gk. Men.,

Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Macrobius andCompanions, of PontusMM. c. 323 (Sept. 13). Wereprobably soldiers banished byLicinius to Tomi, in Pontus,

where they sufiered by the

sword, except St. Gordian, whowas burnt, and St. Valerian,

who was murdered whilst pray-ing over the bodies of his com-panions. Jerome, Hrabanus,Greek Menologies, Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Madelberta of

MaubeugeV. Abs. c. 705 (Sept. 7). Deviltempting her at her prayers.

{Burgmaier.) Belg. and Gall.

Marts.

St. Madelgisilus. SeeSt. Maguil

(May 30).

St. Madern, Maden or

Madron, of CornwallH. N.D. (May 17). Patron of

one or possibly two parishes in

the diocese of St. Malo and of achapel and well near the Land'sEnd, this last famous for thecures wrought upon cripples,

one of which Bishop HaU of

Exeter attests in his last visita-

tion, in 1641. Butler, Lobineau.

St. Madir. SeeSt. Emeterius

(Mar. 3).

St. Mael and Com-panions, of IrelandBB. 5th cent. (Feb. 6). Fourbrothers, said to have beennephews of St. Patrick. St.

Mael was Bishop of Ardagh;

St. Melchus, his coadjutor ; St.

Munis founded the church of

Forgney, Longford, and St.

Rioch a monastery on the island

of Inishbojin in Lough Ree.

Colgan, Jocelyn's Life of St.

Patrick, Sarum Mart, and Irish

Kalendar.

St. Maelor. See

St. Maglorious(Oct. 24).

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Maelrubha, orMulrew, of AbercrossanMk. M. 722 (Apr. 21 and Aug.27). Of Irish royal blood, heentered the monastery of

Bauchor under St. Comgall,and later founded Apurcrossan,in Meams, where, according to

the Irish accounts he died anatural death. The Scottish

narrative, however, describes

him as being murdered by theNorthmen. Colgan, AberdeenBreviary ; Celt, and Scot. Marts.

St. Maen of BrittanyAb. c. 550 (June 21). A nephewof St. Sampson of Dol and abbotof a monastery at Gael, wherehe received the Armoricanprince, Juthael, when he wassent prisoner to K. Childebert,

Menardus, Saussaye, Lohineau,Dol and St. Malo Kalendars.

The MagiSS. Balthazar, Gaspar andMelchior, q.v.

St. Maglorius of DolB.C. c. 575 (Oct. 24). Givingthe Holy Communion to anangel. (Weyen.) Mitre resigned.

{Gueffier.) Communicated by anangel. (Cahier.) Butler, Lobin-

eau, Baillet, New Paris Breviary,


St. Magneric of Trierc. 596 (July 25). A disciple of

St Nicetius (Dec. 5), whom hesucceeded as Archbishop of

Treves.

St. Maguil of PicardyH. c. 685 (May 30). An Irish

companion of St. Fursey, withwhom he journeyed into France.

He Uved and died a recluse in

the district of Monstrelet, andhis remans were translated into

the church bearing his namenear St. Riquier. Butler,

Henschenius, Mabillon, Pape-broke.

St. Magnoald, or

Magnus, of SuabiaAb. c. 655 (Sept. 6). Transfixing

a dragon with his pastoral staff.

{Baring-Gould.) Notker, Ger.

Marts.

St. Magnobod ofAngersB. c. 670 (Oct. 16). Son of anoble at the Court oi^Clothair II.,

he was educated under St.

Licinius, who sent him to Rometo fetch some reUcs of St. Johnthe Baptist. Shortly after his

return he was elected Bishop,

on the death of St. Licinius.

Gall. Marts.

St. Magnus of ItalyB.M. 666 (Jan. i). Crosier,

reptiles and monsters at his

feet. {Bavaria Pia.) Martyred

by sword and club. {Der Heyl.

Leb.) Surroimded by serpents

and wild beasts. {Ikon.) Boy

keeping sheep. {Die Heili-

genbild.) Angel giving him gold.

{Ibid.)

St. Magnus of MilanB. 660 (Nov. 5). Building

churches. {Cat. Sand.) Hold-ing model of a church. {Cahier.)

St. Magnus of theOrkneysB.M. 1104 (Apr. 16). Son of

Erlendr, Earl of Orkney, andThora, his wife. He was slain

by pagan Norwegians underHakon, in the reign of Duncan,K. of Scotland. Butler, Lesley,

Hunter, Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Magnus of Venetiac. 960 (Oct. 6). Bishop of

Oderzo.

St. MahanesM. Companion of St. Sapor(Nov. 30), q.v.

St. MaharsaporM. 421 (Nov. 27). A Persian

prince tortured, imprisoned andstarved to death in the persecu-

tion of Isdegerdes. Butler.

St. Maidoc. SeeSt. Aidan

(Jan. 31).

St. Maidoc of IrelandB. d. 632 (Jan. 31). Bom in

Connaught, he passed into

Wales, where he lived imderthe direction of St. David. Later,

returning to Ireland, he foundeda number of monasteries andchurches, and died Bishop of

Ferns. Butler, Usher, Colgan,

Chatelain.

St. Maidocus, orMaidoes. See St. Modoc

(Sept. 7).

St. Maieul, or Majolus,of Cluny

Ab. 994 (May 11). Hand fromheaven bringing him gold coins.

{Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon, Rom.and Bene. Marts.

St. MainAb. N.D. (Jan. 15). A British

bishop, founder of an abbeyin Brittany, where he] died.

Butler.

St. Mainboeuf. SeeSt. Magnobod

(Oct. 16).

St. Maire. SeeSt. Marius

(Jan. 27).

St. Maixent. SeeSt. Maxentius

(June 26).

St. MajoricusM. Son and companion of St,

Dionysia (Dec. 6), q.v.

SO

St. Malachy of ArmaghAbp. 1148 (Nov. 3). Presenting

an apple to a king, thereby re-

storing his sight. {Icon. Sanct.)

Instructing a king in a cell.

{Gueffier.) Rom. Bene, and Celt.

Marts.

St. Malchion of Antiochp. c. 280 (Oct. 28). Chosen to

conduct the discussion with

Paul of Samosata at the coimcil

called to consider his heresies.

EusAius, St. Jerome, Gk. Men.

St. MalchusM. 250 (July 27). One of the

Seven Sleepers of Ephesus.

An axe. {Musaeum Victorium,

Rome.) Keeping flocks in the

desert. {Cahier.) Butler, St.

Gregory of Tours, Cuper, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Malchus of LismoreB. c. 1130 (Aug. 10 or Oct. 6).

A monk of Winchester raised

to the see of Lismore. St.

Malachy was one of his disciples.

Celt. Marts.

St. Malchus of SyriaMk. Late 4th cent. (Oct. 21).

A native of Maronia, takenprisoner by the Saracens, whodeserted him in the desert.

St. Jerome, Gk. Men., Rom.Mart.

St. MalchusM. Companion of St. Priscus

(Mar. 28), q.v.

St. Malkallin. SeeSt. Maccallin

(Oct. 6).

St. Malo. SeeSt. Maclovius

(Nov. 15).

St. MamertinusC. 5th cent. Exhorting monks

;

lying on a mat in his ceU. {DerHeyl. Leb.) Kneeling before St.

Germanus. {Passionael.)

St. Mamilian of SicilyB. 5th cent. (Sept. 15). Bishopof Palermo.

St. MammaeaM. Companion of St. Marcellus(Aug. 27). q.v.

St. Mammas ofCaesareaM. c. 275 (Aug. 17). Wildbeast licking Mm. {Icon. Sanct.)

Doe near him. {Cahier.) Hold-ing his bowels in his hands.{Ibid.) Trident in his hand.(Ibid.) Butler, Sozomen, St.

Gregory Nazianzen, Gk. Men.,Russ. Mart.

St. Mammertus ofVienneAbp. C. 477 (May 11). Withlighted taper in a procession.{Old engraving.) Butler, Ceillier,

Gall, and Rom. Marts,

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Manaccus orMancus

C. (Aug. 3). In episcopal vest-ments. {XV. cent, window,Si. Neois.)

St. Manaen of AntiochPt. c. 70 (May 24). Mentionedas a prophet or teacher withSS. Barnabas and Simeon.Acts xiii. 1, Rom. Mart.

St. Mang or MagnusC. 660 Under a creib-tree, for-

bidding a bear to touch thefruit. {Der Heyl. Leb.) Curingthebhnd. {Cahier. Passionael.)

St. Mans. SeeSt. Magnus

(Apr. 16).

St. Mansuetus ofLombardy

Late 7th cent. (Feb. 19). Bishopof Milan. He was present at theRoman Sjmod held under St.

Agatho in 680, and his reUcsare preserved in the Church of

St. Stephen at Milan. Rom.Mart.

St. Mansuetus, orMansuy, of Lorraine

B.C. c. 375 (Sept. 3). Raisinga young noble to life. (BavariaPia.) Bishop preaching to

people. (Callot.) Tramplingon a pagan figure, a youngnoble at his side. {His owntomb.) Calmet, Butler, Bollandus,Dempster, Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. MansuetusB. Companion of St. Dona-tianus (Sept. 6), q.v.

St. Mantius of PortugalM. 6th cent. (May 15). Said

to have been murdered by the

Jews at Evora for refusing to

worship " false gods." TheActs are fabulous. Commemo-rated at Evora on May 21.

St. Manuel, B., andCompanions, of

ChalcedonMM. 362 (June 17). Swordacross his breast. (Arbor Past.)


St. Manvaeus of

Normandyc. 480 (May 28). Bishop of

Bayeux.

St. Maodhog. See

St. Maidoc(Jan. 31).

SS. Marana and Cyra,

of BeraeaRR. 5th cent. (Aug. 3)- In

majitles and caputia, heavy

chains on their shoulders.

('Tbosch der Erem.) Theodoret,

Menology of Basil, Mod. Rom.

Mart.

St. Marcella ofAlexandriaM. 202 Companion of St.

Potamiana (June 28), q.v.

St. Marcella of RomeW. 410 (Jan. 31). Styled

by St. Jerome " the glory of

the Roman ladies." She wasscourged by the Goths underAlaric, and died in the arms of

St. Principia. Butler, Baronius,Bollandus, Rom. Mart.

St. MarcellianusM. Twin brother of St. Marcus(June 18), q.v.

St. Marcellina of MilanV. 397 (July 17). Sister of St.

Ambrose the Great. Smallcross in her hand. (Cahier.)

Butler, St. Ambrose, Cuper the

Bollandist, Rom. Mart.

St. Marcellinus ofAuvergne

(June 7). Bishop of Puy.

St. Marcellinus ofCarthageM. 413 (Apr. 6). A tribune,

Secretary of State, and friend

of St. Augustine, he was im-prisoned by the IDonatists andtaken from prison by night

and slain by the GeneralMarinus. SS. Augustine andJerome, Mart, of Salazar, Rom.Mart.

St. Marcellinus ofEmilia346 (Oct. 5). Bishop of Ravenna.

St. Marcellinus of GaulB. 4th cent. (Apr. 20). Bishopof Embrun, he is said to haveconverted the last pagan in the

city by a miracle. St. Gregory of

Tours, Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Marcellinus of Italy(Jan. 9). A Bishop of Ancona.

St. Marcellinus of

Picardy(Jan. 9). Episcopal vestments,

crosier in his left hand. (Lady

Chapel, Rouen Cath.)

St. Marcellinus ofRomePope. M. 304 (Apr. 26). Suc-

ceeded St. Caius as Pope in 296,


tion. Though styled a martyr,

the Tiberian Calendar puts himamong those Popes who were

not put to death for the faith.

He is celebrated jointly with

St. Anacletus, q.v. Butler,

Usuardus, Hrabanus, Bede, Rom.Mart., etc.

SS. Marcellinus, P., andPeter, of RomeMM. c. 304 (June 2). In priestly

habits, baptizing St. Paulina.

(G. Gatti. Cremona.) Butler,

Papebroke, Hrabanus, Maurus,

Rom. Mart., etc.

81

St. Marcellus of theAcoemetes

Ab. C. 488 (Dec. 29). A native

of Apanaea, he became third

abbot of the Acoemetan monas-tery at Constantinople foundedby Alexander the Syrian. Butler,

Surius, Bulteau, Helyot.

St. Marcellus ofChalons-sur-Saone

M. 179 (Sept. 4). Buried alive

up to his waist. (Icon. Sanct.)

Overturning a statue of Jupiter.

(Weyen.) Butler, Wandelbert.

Hrabanus, Ado, Notker, Gall,

and Rom. Marts.

St. Marcellus of LeonM. c. 298 (Oct. 30). Takingoff his centurion's belt. (Cahier/)

Tom between two trees. (Ibid.)

Butler, Usuardus, Baronius,Surius, Ruinart, Tillemont, Rom.and Spn. Marts.

St. Marcellus of ParisB. 436 (Nov. i). Holding adragon captive by his stole

aroimd its neck. (Statuary,

Chartres.) Window, St. Ouen,Rouen.) Butler, Surius, Usuar-dus, Gall, and Rom. Marts., etc.

St. Marcellus of RomePope. M. d. 310 (Jan. 16).

KneeKng in a stable. (Callot.)

Ass and crib near him. (Ikon.)

Butler, Bede, Ado, Notker, Rom.Mart.

St. Marcellus of SyriaB.M. c. 389 (Aug. 14). Bishopof Apamoea, he was foremostin enforcing the edicts of Theo-dosius against paganism, andwas burnt to death whilst

destro3dng the temple of Aulone.Theodoret, Sozomen, Gk. Men.,Rom. Mart.

St. Marcellus of YosgesLate 6th cent. (Apr. 9). Bishopof St. Die.

St. Marcellus andApuleius, of PlacentiaMM. 1st cent. (Oct. 7). Possibly

identical with Nicetas andAquila, disciples of SimonMagas. till their conversion bySt. Peter. But they' are prob-ably apocryphal. Sarum, York,Hereford and Durham Kalen-dars, Rom. Mart.

SS. Marcellus,

Mammaia and Com-panions, of EgyptMM. 303 (Aug. 27). A tribune,

his wife and their two sons,

martyred with thirteen com-panions by the governor Culei-

anus in the Diocletian persecu-

tion. After being ineffectually

exposed to wild bears and fire,

they were beheaded. St. Jerome,Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart., etc.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. MarcellusM. Companion of St. Elpidus(Nov. i6), q.v.

St. MarcellusDn.M. Companion of St.

Sabinus (Dec. 30), q.v.

St. Marciaii of Con-stantinople

P.C. c. 476 (Jan. 10). Bom at

Constantinople of a Romanfamily, and related to the Im-perial house. In spite of his

desire to live in humble retire-

ment, he was ordained priest

by AnatoUus the Archbishop,and later became treasurer to

the Church of Constantinople.Butler, Sozomen, Tillemont,

Surius, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Marcian and Com-panions, of EgyptMM. Early 4th cent. (June 5).

Ten martyrs in the Diocletianpersecution, exposed in a waUedpound tin they died of thirst.

St. Jerome, Ado, Usuardus,Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Marcian of Emiliac. 127 (May 22). Bishop of

Ravenna.

St. Marcian of SicilyM. 3rd cent. (June 14). &shopof Syracuse.

St. Marcian of SyriaH.C. c. 387 (Nov. 2). Withcattle, at his monastery.(Cahier.) Butler, Theodoret,

Rom. Mart.

St, MarcianM. Companion of St. Abundius(Sept. 16), q.v.

St. MarcianM. Companion of St. Lucian(Oct. 26), q.v.

St. MarcianM. Companion of St. Marcus(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. MarcianM. Companion of St Nicander(June 17), q.v.

St. Marciana of TortosaV.M. c. 300 (Jan. 9). Tom bya wild bi^. {Callot.) Leopardsand lions round her. (Ikon.)

A leopard and an ox near her.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, Bol-

landus, Rom., Spn. and Ger.

Marts.

St. Marculf, or Marcou,of Normandy

538 (May i). Touching thechin of a sick person afflicted

with scrofula. (Baring-Gould.)

Butler, Usuardus, Marts, of

Coutances and Evreux and other

Gall. Marts.

SS. Marcus andMarcellianus, of RomeMM. 286 (June 18). Twinbrothers of noble Roman family,

imprisoned and condemned to

be beheaded by Chromatius,

lieutenant of the Prefect of

Rome. They escaped but wereretaken, bound and nailed to

a wooden post for a day, andthen thrust through with lances.

Butler, Tillemont, Baronius, all

Latin Marts.

SS. MarcusandMarcian,of EgyptMM. c. 304 (Oct. 4). Twobrothers tortured to death in

the Thebaid with a multitudeof other Christians. Fleury,

Eusebius, etc.

St. Mard. 8eeSt. Medard

(June 8).

St. Margaret of AntiochV.M. 4th cent. (July 20).

Cross and book. QCV. cent,

window, Wintringham.) Issuing

from a dragon. [Lucas v.

Leyden, Munich Gal.) A girdle

in her hand or near her.

[Cahier.) Piercing a dragon.[Roodscreens at Ranworth, N.Walsham, Filby, Lessingham /

Font at Taverham and manyother instances.) Trampling ona dragon. [East window, Exeter

Cath.) Piercing a dragon with along cross. [Roodscreen, West-

hall.) As the last, and tramplingon him. [Corporation seal,

Lynn.) Dragon behind, lambbefore her. [Arbor Past.)

Dragon at her feet ; cross andpalm. [Andrea del Sarto, Duomo,Pisa.) Dragon near her ; angel

protecting her. [Pew, Brington.)

Issuing from a dragon ; end of

her robe in its mouth. [MS.Hours.) Dragon chained at herfeet. [Ikon.) Keeping sheep.

[Cahier.) All. Marts.

St. Margaret " ofEngland " of Auvergne

V. d. c. 1150 (Feb. 3). Nunin prison. [Passionael.) Butler,

Dom. Beaunier, her MS. Lifeat Clermont.

Bl. Margaret of CastelloV. N.D. lily and heart. [Ch.

of St. Dominic, Perugia.)

St. Margaret of

CortonaPen. 1297 (Feb. 22). In anecstasy ; two angels supportingher ; Our Saviour appearingin glory. [Pitti Gal., Lanfranc.)Cross and instruments of thePassion. [Ikon.) Franciscannun, a Httle dog at her feet.

[Pitti Pal., Rome; Ch. of St.

Salvatore in Lauro.) Contem-plating a corpse. [Baring-Gould.) A skull at her feet anda dog plucking at her robe.

[Ibid.) Butler, Bollandus,Ferrarius.

82

St. Margaret of RoskildeM. 1176 (Oct. 25). Wife of

Herlaug, a noble living at

Ranesj5, in Zealand, she was

found hanging from a beamand refused Christian burial

as a suicide. Her husband

being convicted of her murder,

her body was exhumed and

enshrined in Roskilde Cathedral.

Danish Chronicles.

St. Margaret of

ScotlandQ. 1093 (June 10). Holding

a black cross. [Bonn. Cath.)

The same, and visiting the sick.

[Callot.) Sceptre and book.

[Seal of Prior of Pluscardine.)

Praying her husband Malcolmout of purgatory. [Cahier.)

Butler, Fordun, Hearne ; Scot.

Marts.

Bl. Margaret Colonnaof Rome

V. 1284 (Dec. 30). Left anorphan when very young, she

was persuaded by her brother,

Giacomo Colonna, to enter ahouse of the Poor Clares. Sheafterwards accompanied herbrother on a pious pilgrimageto the tombs of the apostles.

Mod. Rom. Mart. Beatified

in 1847.

Bl. Margaret MaryAlacoque of Autun

V. 1690 (Oct. 17). An inmateof the Convent of the Visitation

at Paray-le-Monial, celebratedfor her visions, on one of whichthe festival of the Sacred Heartwas founded in 1765. She wasbeatified in 1864. Her ownMemoirs and a Life by PlreDaniel.

Bl. Margaret ofHungary

V. p.S.D.) d. 1271 (Jan. 28).

Stigmas, cross, hly, book

;

crown at her feet. [Ch. of St.

Dominic, Perugia.) Praying atnight, a globe of fire over herhead. [Cahier.) Butler, a Lifeby the Dominican Guerinus.

Bl. Margaret ofLouvainV.M. 1220 (Sept. 2). Servantto a citizen household inLouvain, she was stabbed andthrown into the River Dyle for

refusing to join the murderersof her master and mistress.Butler, Rom. and Belg. Marts.

St. MariaM. Companion and sister of St.

Bemard de Alzira (Aug. 21), q.v.

St. Mariamne ofPalestine

V. 2nd cent. (Feb. 17). Sisterof St. Philip the apostle,she was present with St. Bar-tholomew at his martyrdom at

Saints and their EmblemsHierapolis and, after buryinghis body, accompanied St.

Bartholomew into India. Gk.Mart.

St. Marian and Com-panions, of NumidiaMM. 259 (Apr. 30). St Marianhanging by thumbs, weight tohis feet. (Calloii. Old engrav-ing.) Butler, their authenticActs, Rom. Mart.

Bl. Marianna of PeruV. 1645 (May 26). Also knownas Bl. Marianna of Jesus, andthe Lily of Quito, she devotedher hfe to self-mortification,living as a recluse in a chamberof her own house and becomingrenowned for her sanctity.Many miracles are ascribed toher intercession. Beatified in1850. Rom. Mart.

St. Marina of BithyniaV.R. c. 750 (June 18). Inmonk's habit, canying a childin her arms. {Fresco, CampoSanto, Pisa.) Nursing a childin a hermitage. (Attrib. derHeil.) Drawing a wood cartto a monastery. (Ibid.) Kneel-ing at an open tomb, dove de-scending to her. (Der HeyI. Leb.)Butler and late Latin Marts.(on above date) ; Bollandusand Rom. Mart, (on July 17)

;

Gk. Men. (on Feb. 12).

St. Marina, SeeSt. Margaret

(July 20).

SS. Marinus andAsterius of CaesareaMM. c. 272 (Mar. 3). St. Marinusbeing beheaded for the faith,

Asterius, or Astyrius, a Romansenator present at his mar-tyrdom, carried away the bodyon his shoulders to give it

decent burial, for which act,

according to Rufinus, he too

was beheaded. Butler, Ruinart,

Rufinus, Eusebius.

St. Marinus of CiliciaM. c. 304 (Aug. 8). An old man,brought before the GovernorLysias at Anazarbus, stripped,

beaten and otherwise tortured

before decapitation. Gk. Men.and Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Marinus of S. MarinoDn.C. c. late 4th cent.

(Sept. 4). Mason's hammer andtools. (Christ. Kunst.) Twooxen near him. (Das Passional.)

Bollandus, Wytford, Rom. Mart.

St. Marinus of RomeM. 282 (Dec. 26). A senator,

said to have been arrested,

tortured, and finally decapi-

tated by the prefect Marcian in

the reign of Numerian. Usuar-

dus, Ado, Notker, Wandelbert,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St, MarinusM. Companion of St. Januarius

(July 10), q.v.

St. MarisH- 555 (June 19). A cock nearhim. (Ikon.)

St. Maris of SyriaAb. 5th cent. (Jan. 25). Arecluse noted for the austerityof his life during thirty-seven

years in one small damp cell,

where he was visited by Theo-doret. Theodoret.

St. MarisM. Husband and companion of

St. Martha and father of SS.Audifax and Abachum (Jan. 19),q.v.

St. Marius of AvenchesB- 593 (Dec. 31). A historianof Burgundy between the years

455 and 581, he was present atthe Council of Macon with SS.Palladius of Saintes, Praetex-tatus of Rouen and Evantius ofVienne in 585. Gali. Mart.

St, Marius of DauphineAb. 555 (Jan. 27). Abbot ofLaval-Benois, now St. May inDauphine, where he was burieduntil the demoUtionof the abbey,when his reUcs were translatedto Forcalquier. Butler, Bol-landus.

St. Mark the EvangelistM. 68 (Apr. 25). Winged lion

at his side. (Roodscreen, E. Rus-ton and many other instances.)

Seated, a fig-tree behind him.(Venice, A. Busati.) Strangled.(Primer 15 16. Cat. Sanct,

Lambrecht.) In a cardinal's

hat, extracting a thorn from alion's foot. (Pulpit, Botzen.)

Dragged by the neck. (DerHeyI. Leb.) All Marts.

St. Mark of AthensH. 4th cent. (Mar. 29). Angelbringing him the B. Sacramentin a spoon. (Die Heiligenbild.)

Wolf bringing him a ram'sskin. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Mark of JerusalemB.C. c. 150 (Oct. 22). MadeBishop of Jerusalem by theRomans after the destruction

of the city, he was the first

Gentile occupant of the see.

Butler, Usuardus, Ado, Notker,


St. Mark of LuceraB. c. 328 (June 14). A native

of Aecana in Apulia, he wassummoned before John, Bishopof Lucera, to answer a chargeof immorality, but cleared him-self, and later succeeded John as

Bishop. Venerated at Bojano,Beneventum and Lucera.

St. Mark of RomePope. C. 336 (Oct. 7).

Messengers bringing him a silver

88

chahce and paten from theEmperor Constantine. (Pas-

sionael.) Butler, Baronius,

Bosius, all Marts.

SS. Mark, B., and Cyril,

Dn., of SyriaMM. 362 (Mar. 29). St. Mark,Bishop of Arethusa, after

being cruelly tortured for de-

stroying a pagan temple, wasset free that he might not enjoy

the martyrdom he desired. St.

Cyril, a deacon of HeUopolis,

was killed, and afterwards muti-lated, for pulling down idols.

Butler, Gk. Menologies (St. Markonly). Mod. Rom. Mart. (St.

Cyril only). Bollandus, Theo-

doret, Socrates, St. GregoryNazianzen (both saints.)

St. Marnan of ScotlandB.C. 620 (Mar. 2). Tutor to theNorthumbrian princes Oswaldand Oswy, and titular saint of

the Church of Aberkurdure. Hedied at Annandcile. Butter,

Aberdeen Breviary.

St. MarnanusMk. Companion of St. la(Oct. 27), q.v.

St. Marnock ofKilmarnock

B.C. 6th cent. (Oct. 25). Adisciple of St. Brendan, whodied at KUmamock. Life ofSt. Brendan, Scottish Kalendars,Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Maro and Com-panions, of ItalyMM. Late ist cent. (Apr. 15).Exiled for the faith to theisland of Ponza, they werereleased by the Emperor Nerva,but suffered martyrdom underTrajan, St. Maro being crushedunder a rock at Teramo ; St.

Victorinus suspended in thesulphur fumes from LakeCotylia, and St. Eutyches putto the sword. Mod. Rom. Mart.(on above date) ; Usuardus andAdo give St. Victorinus onSept. 5.

St. Maro of SyriaH.Ab. 433 (Feb. 14). Attaminggreat sanctity as a recluse,

he was ordained priest in 405.The monastery of St. Maro, inthe diocese of Apamaea, wasbuilt over his tomb. Butler,

Theodoret, Tillemont, etc.

St. Marrow. SeeSt. Maelrubha

(Aug. 27).

St. MarsTempted by the devil disguisedas a woman. (XV. cent, window,Riom Cath.)

St. Martha of AstorgaV.M. 240 (Feb. 23). Her handschopped off. (Old engraving.)

Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Martha of Bethany

V. ist cent. (July 29). Holdingasperge and Holy Water vessel,

a dragon behind her. (ZF7.cent, windows at St. Mary's,Shrewsbury and Montmorency.)Holding a ladle, keys at hergirdle. {Isabella Breviary, Brit.

Museum.) Vanquishing adragon with a crucifix. {DerHeyl. Leb.) Binding a dragonwith her girdle. {Cat. Sanct.)

The Gospels and all Marts.

St. MarthaM. Wife and companion of St.

Maris and mother of SS. Audi-fax and Abachum (Jan. 19), q.v.

St. Martial of LimogesB.C. 3rd cent. (Jtme 30).

Apostle of the Limousin. AtMass ; St. Valeria bringing himher head and dying at his feet.

{Vatican, Spadari.) Raising the

dead. {Der Heyl. Leb.) Ex-tinguishing fire with his crosier.

{Callot.) Butler, St. Gregory ofTours, New Paris Breviary,


St. Martial of SaragossaM. (Apr. 16). Companion of St.

Optatus, q.v.

St. MartialisM. Companion of St. Faustus(Oct. 13), q.v.

St. Martian, orMartianus, of Athens

H. c. 400 (Feb. 13). Temptedby the courtesan Zoe in thedesert, he converted her to

Christianity. Butler, Bollandus,

Gk. Men. Kneeling over acrucifix, rosary in hand. {Print,

Butler.)

St. MartianaM. Companion of St. Susaima(May 24), q.v.

St. Martin of LeonP.C. 1221 (Feb. III. St. Isidore

appearing to him. (Cahier.)

St. Martin of Portugalc. 580 (Mar. 20). Archbishopof Braga. St. Gregory of Tours.

St. Martin of RomePope. M. 655 (Nov. 12). Seenthrough prison bars. {Weyen.)

Holding a piece of money.{Coins of Cleves.) Raising adead child to hfe. {Vienna Gal.,

L. Baldi.) Church and crosier,

three geese at his feet. {XVI.cent, window, St. Mary's,

Shrewsbury.) Episcopal vest-

ments and open book. {Rood-

screen, Gt. Plumstead.) A goose

by his side. {Husenbeth.) SayingMass, deacon ministering, baUof fire over his head. {Louvre,

E.LeSesseur.) Butler, Baronius,

Fleury, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Martin of SiguenzaB|). 1200 (n.d.) Angel, bearing

his head near his tomb. (CahierT)

Broom in his hand. {Ibid.)

St. Martin of TongresH. c. 276 (June 21). Chainedto a rock. {Ikon.)

St. Martin of Toulouse2nd cent. (July i). Bishop of

Vienne.

St. Martin of ToursB.C. 397 (Nov. 11). A youngtribune on horseback, dividing

his cloak with a sword to share

it with a beggar. {Windsor,

Van Dyck ; Window, OxfordCath., and many other instances.)

All Western Marts.

St. Martin of TrierM. c. 210 (July 19). Bishop of

Treves.

St. Martin of VertouAb. c. 601 (Oct. 24). A nativeof Nantes ordained deacon byFeUx, Bishop of that city. Hefounded the Abbey of Vertouand a nunnery at Durieu, wherehe died. Many miraculouslegends have clustered roimdhis hfe, which has, moreover,been much confused with thatof St. Martin of Portugal.Usuardus, Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Martina of RomeV.M. c. 255 (Jan. i). Her face

torn with hooks. {Old engraving.)

Holding a barbed fork withtwo prongs, a temple falling

in ruins about her and lictors'

fasces near her. {Rome, P. daCortona.) Lightning destroyinga temple of Diana. {Ikon.) Apair of tongs. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Funeral pile extinguished byrain. {Ibid.) Butler, Bollandus.

SS. Martinian andSaturianMM. c. 438 (Oct. 16). Draggedby wild horses. {Gueffler.)

Parvum Martyrologium ; Ado,Usuardus ; Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. MartinianM. (July 27). One of the SevenSleepers of Ephesus, q.v. Anaxe. {Musaeum Victorium,

Rome.)

St. MartinianM. Companion of St. Processus

(July 2), q.v.

St. MartinianusC. ist cent. (n.d.). SS. Peterand Paul striking a rock for

water to baptize him. {Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. MartinianusH. c. 400 (Feb. 13). A dolphin.{Chris. Kunst.) Standing on arock in the sea. (/Aom.) Temptedby a woman. {Gueffler.) Lyingon a hearth, burning. {Cahier.)

St. MartinsAb. c. 527 (n.d.). Digging acave to live in. {Cahier.)

84,

St. MartyriusLe. M. Companion of St.

Sisinnius (May 29), q.v.

Bl. Marulius(?)C. Dominican, bimch of three

flowers or leaves in his right

hand, golden crucifix in left.

{Predella, B. Angelica de

Fiesoli.)

St. MarususM. Companion of St. Gereon

(Oct. 10), q.v.

St. Maruthas of

MesopotamiaB.C. Early 5th cent. (Dec. 4).

Bishop of Tagrit and a father

of the Syrian Church, he

obtained permission from

Isdegerdes to build manychurches in Persia. Butler,

Socrates, Sozomen, Photius,

Ceillier, etc.

The Blessed VirginMary

(Mar. 25). The usual repre-

sentations of Our Lady are too

well known to require refer-

ences, but at the end of thefollowing list are four xmusualinstances for which references

are given. Emblems : A lily

{lilium candidum), a star, anenclosed garden, a sealed foun-

tain, a closed gate, a sealed

book, a burning bush ; whiteveil, blue robe, star on right

shoulder. Violet or grey robesafter the Crucifixion. Sun overher head, crescent moon underher feet. Crown of seven ortwelve stars. Unusual repre-

, sentations : Carrying twofishes on a dish, a pitcher of

water in her other hand. {St.

Godard's Ch. , Hildesheim.)Bearing a globe surmounted bya cross, a seraph on either side.

{Mosaics, Vienna and Trieste.)

Bearing a bunch of keys.{Statue, Poitiers.) Crowned,suckling the Holy Infant. {XV.cent, window, Lyte's Cary.)

Holding a pear. {Statuary,

Chartres Cath.)

St. Mary the Sorrowfulof BelgiumM. c. 1290 (June 18). A youngrecluse accused of theft andbarbarously executed by beingthrown into a pit and a stakedriven through her breast. Herbody was afterwards exhumedand enshrined at Wolowe-St.-Pierre. Belg. Marts.

St. Mary of Cabeza12th cent. (n.d.). Flask of oil

and a lantern or torch. {Cahier.)

St. Mary of Cleophasist cent. (Apr. 9). (Sometimescalled St. Mary of James.)With her children, SS. JamesMinor, Alpheus, Simon and

PLATE VII.

ST. MARTIN. B.C.

XVI. Century Window, Shrewsbury.

Saints and their EmblemsJude. [XV. cent, window, all

Souls Coll., Oxon.) Seated withher children, St. Jude with aboat, St. Simeon with a fish,

St. James the Less with a toymill, and St. Joseph Barsabaswith a cup. [Screen, Ranworth.)As above, but St. James bearinga palm branch. St. Jude aboat, St. Joseph Barsabas threeloaves and St. Simeon a fish.

(Roodscreen, Houghion-le-Dale.)With two of her children.

[Window, Gt. Malvern Priory.)

Holding a book. [XVI. cent,

window, Montmorency.) Rom.Mart.

SS. Mary, Pen., andZozimus, Mk,, of Egypt

5th cent. (Apr. 2). St. Marycovered with her long whitehair. [MS. Hours ; Statue,

Ecouis Ch., Normandy.) Asabove, and holding three loaves.

[Roodscreen, Kenn.) Lying dead,a lion digging her grave. [P. daCortona, Pitti Pal.) Scourg-ing herself, a skuU before her.

[Guercino, Alton Towers.) Re-ceiving B. Sacrament fromZozimus in the desert. [Fresco,

Campo Santo, Pisa.) Zozimusdiscovering her. Butler, Pape-broke, Rom. Mart.

St. Mary of JerusalemMatr. 1st cent. (June 29).

Mother of St. Mark and aimtof St. Barnabas, it was in herhouse that the Holy Eucharist

first was celebrated and OurLord appeared to the disciples

after lie Resurrection. Rom.Mart.

Bl. Mary of OigniesR. 1213 (June 13). Prostrate

before a crucifix, an angel at

her side. [Baring-Gould.) TheB.V. Mary sheltering her fromrain with her mantle. [Ibid.)

Butler, Papebroke, Mod. Belg.

Marts.

St. Mary of RomeV.M. c. 303 (Nov. i). A slave

to the senator Tertullus, tor-

tured by fire in the Diocletian

persecution. By the connivance

of the soldier in charge she

escaped and hid herself amongrocks till the persecution wasover, but is reckoned among the

martyrs on account of the suffer-

ings she endured. Butler, Bede,

Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. Mary MagdalenPen. ist cent. (July 22). Boxof ointment in her hand. [Rood-

screens at Oxborough, Lessing-

ham, Ludham, N. Walsham,

Bramfield, Yaxley ; and^ manyother instances.) Vase in left

hand, book in right. [Seal, St.

Mary Mag. Hospital, Win-

chester.) Covered cup. [Murilh,

Lucas van Leyden.) Holding a

boat and an open book. [Church

chest, Denton.) Preaching to

K. Rend at Marseilles. {Jiotel

de Cluny.) Holding crucifix;

open book before her, with skull

upon it. [Guido Rent.) Skull

in her hand or at her feet.

[Murillo.) Angels taking her to

heaven. [Der Heyl. Leb.) Cov-ered with her hair. [Baptistery,

Florence.) At the entrance to a

cave, ointment box on a bookat her feet. [Bologna Gallery.)

Receiving the Holy Communionfrom St. Maximin. [Window,Cossey Hall Chapel.) All Maris.

St. Mary Magdalen dePazzi of Florence

V. 1607 (May 25). Receivingthe B. Sacrament from OurLord. [Die Heiligenbild.) TheB.V. Mary giving her a whiteveil. [Ibid.) Inflamed heart

and crown of thorns. [Ikon.)

St. Augustin inscribing on herheart the words " Verbum caro

factum.") [Attrib. der Heil.)

Angel presenting her to OurSaviour. [Luca Giordano.) OurSaviour placing an espousal

ring on her hand. [Cahier.)

Crowned with thorns and em-bracing a cross ; rays falling

on her from a monstrance.(Husenbeth.) Nim kneeling

before a crucifix on which rays

fall from heaven ; flames issu-

ing from her breast. [Romney.)Butler, Baert the Bollandist,

Rom. and Carm. Marts.

St. MarjPen. Niece and companion of

St. Abraham (Mar. 15), q.v.

St. MaryCompanion of St. Flora (Nov.

24), q.v.

St. MaryM. Companion of St. Gregory(Aug. 9), q.v.

St. Maternian ofChampagne

4th cent. (Apr. 30). Bishop of

Rheims.

St. Maternus of TrevesB.C. c. 346 (Sept. 18). Churchwith three towers in his hand.

[Attrib. der Heil.) Three mitres,

one on his head, two on a book.

[St. Louis, Cologne.) Crosier

and pilgrim's staff. [Attrib. der

Heil.) Preaching from a pulpit.

[Husenbeth.) Ado, Usuardus,

Rom., Gall, and Ger. Marts.

St. Mathilda, or

Mathildis, Queen of

Germany968 (Mar. 14). Holding a bagof money for alms. [Husenbeth.)

Church in her hand. [Cahier.)

Kneeling at an altar. [Ibid.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. MathildaCts. 1033 Wife of St. Ehren-

fried (May 21), q.v.

85

St. Mathurinus of

MontargisP.C. c. 380 (Nov. 9). Exor-

cising a girl. [Add MSS., Brit.

Mus.) In a chasuble, a covered

vessel in his left hand. [Soli-

taire.) Chains or handcuffs

near him. [Cahier.) Butler,

Saussaye, Baillett, New Paris

Breviary.

St. Matrona of

BarcelonaV.M. (Mar. 15). Emigrating

to Italy, she settled in the

Campagna, where she wasarrested for carrying a crucifix

about with her, thrown into

prison and starved to death.

St. Matrona of Thessa-lonica

V.M. (Mar. 15). Slave to a

Jewess who, discovering her to

be a Christian, beat her to death.

Greek Menology (on Mar. 27).

St. MatthewAp. Evan. M. (Sept. 21). Anangel near him. [Very frequent

. indeed.) Angel crowned. [Rood-

screen. E. Ruston.) Angelholding his inkstand. [Callot.)

Angel deUvering a soul frompurgatory ; the saint wearinga tiara. [Pulpit, Botzen.) Acarpenter's set-square. [XV.cent, window, Wintringham.) Asquare. [Solitaire.) A T-square.

[Font, Stalham ; Screens, Irstead

and N. Walsham.) Leaning ona short sword. [Roodscreen,

Ranworth.) J6t(f., with a dolphinat his feet. [Heures, par J.Quentin, 1522.) A money bag.[Roodscreens, N. Walsham, Wor-stead, Ringland.) Three moneybags. [Window, Norbury.)Table with money on it.

[Cahier.) Money box. [Rood-

screen, Aylsham.) Triple moneybox. [Melbury Bubb.) Chainedmoney box. [Roodscreen, Caw-ston.) TaU wooden cross. [Fair-

ford.) Halbert, book and ink-

h.oin.[Tabl.dela Croix.) Battle-

axe. [Roodscreen, Beeston Regis.)

Axe and book. [Roodscreen,

Blofield.) [N.B.—The last three

instances may possibly beerrors for St. Matthias, Apostle(Feb. 24). Scroll with words

:

" Et vitam eternam Amen."[Window, Fairford.) All

Martyrologies.']

St. Matthew of

BeauvaisM. Late nth cent. (Mar. 27).

A knight of Agnetz, near Cler-

mont, who accompanied the

Bishop of Beauvais on theCrusades. Taken prisoner bythe Saracens, he chose beheadingrather than apostasy. A Lifeby Guibert, of Nogent-sous-

Coussi ; Gall. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Matthias the ApostleM. (Feb. 24). A saw. (ZF. cent,

window, Winiringham.) A hal-

bert. {XVI. cent, window, Auch.)His head cloven with a halbert,

(Ch. of SS. Nereo and Achilles,

Rome.) Holding a sword by thepoint. (Cosimo Roselli, Florence

Gal.) Bearing a halbert. (Rood-

screens, Fairford, Aylsham,Ringland, Blofield, Tunslead ;

Font, Stalham.) Leaning on asword. (Roodscreens, Hunstantonand Southwold.) A hatchet.

(Brass, St. Margaret's, Lynn.)Book and scimitar. (MelburyBubb.) Sword piercing his back.

(XV. cent, window, Kunst-gewerbe Museum, Berlin.) Astone in his hand. (Die Heili-

genbild.) A carpenter's square.

Isdb. Brev., Brit. Mus.) [N.B.—This last instance may possibly

be an error for St Matthew,Apostle (Sept. 21). Scroll with :

" Sanctam Ecclesiam CaiholicamSanctorum Communionem."(Window . Fairford. ) A II Martyr-ologies.']

St. Maud. SeeSt. Mathilda

(Mar. 14).

St. MaudatusH. 7th cent, (n.d.) In a boator skiff. (Cahier.)

St. Maudez, orModiteus, of Brittany

Ab. 6th cent. (Nov. 18). OfIrish birth, he entered the mon-astery of Dol, in Brittany, after-

wards being sent by St. Tugdualto the Abbey of Trecor. Hedied in retirement near Enez-Gloz, in the diocese of Trequier.

Le Grand Lobineau, Leon Brevi-

ary, Gall. Marts.

St. MaugerC. 676 (n.d.) Church in|hand.

(Cahier.)

St. Maughold. See

St. Maccald(Apr. 25).

St. Maugold. See

St. Magnoald(Sept. 6).

St. Maur of Emilia7th cent. (Jan. 20).^ 'Bishop |of

Cesena.

St. Maura ofChampagne

V. 9th cent. (Sept. 21). Ofnoble birth, she was renownedfor her sanctity and good works,

chief amongst which was the

conversion of her own father.

Her Life by St. Prudentius of

Troyes, Butler, Goujet, Mezangui,

Gall. Mart.

SS. Maura, or Maur, andBaya of ScotlandVV. loth cent. (Nov. 2). St,

Maura was a recluse living at

Kill Maur in Ayrshire, in the

reign of K. Donald VI. St.

Baya, a friend of K. Donald,

was another soUtary, Uving onthe Island of Cumbrae, whereshe was visited by St. Maura.

Adam King (on above date),

Dempster (on Nov. i), Aberdeen

Breviary (on Nov. 3).

SS. Maura and Bridget

of BeauvaisVV. MM. 5th cent. (Jan. 15

and July 13). Twin daughters

of Ella, K. of Scotland andNorthumbria, and sisters to

St. Espian. On their return

from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem

all three were beheaded bybarbarians near Creil. Guerin

and Giry, Gall. Marts.

SS. Maura and Justina,

of ConstantinopleVV. MM. (Nov. 30). St Maurabefore a crucifix.J (Ikon.)

St. MauraM. Wife and companion of St.

Timothy (May 3), q.v.

St. MauriceAb.C. 1185 (n.d.) Shutting uprooks in a granary. (Cahier.)

St. Maurice and Com-panions, of AgaunumMM. c. 286 (Sept. 22). Warriorin armour, with a banner bear-

ing or, a lion rampant gules.

{Windows, Strasbourg and LyonsCathedrals.) As the last, butbanner and shield bearing gules

an escarbuncle of eight points or.

(XV. and XVI. cent, window.Angers.) Butler, Ruinart, Tille-

mont, Baillet, all Western Maris.,

etc.

S. Maurice and Com-panions, of ApameaMM. c. 298 (Feb. 21). Seventy-one soldiers expelled from their

legion for Christianity duringthe Maximinian persecution.

St. Maurice's son, Photinus,

was beheaded, the others beingtortured by fire and tied to

stakes in the marshes of Apamea,where they died by starvation

and the attacks of insects.

Theodoret, Gk. Mencea and Mart.

St. MauriceM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Maurilius of AngersB.C. c. 437 (Sept. 13). Con-secrated by St. Martin of Tours ;

dove descending upon him.

(Gueffier.) Holding a fish withtwo keys in its mouth ; calUngdown lightning upon idols.

(Icon. Sanct.) Fish with keysof the Church in its mouth.(Attrib. der Heil.) Two keys.

(Weyen.) Raising a boy to life.

(Cahier.) Staff with dove at

top instead of a crook. (Pro-

86

cessional cross in possession of

the Due d'Aumale.) Butler,

Bollandus, Hrabanus, Ado,

York Kalendar, Gall, and Rom.

Marts., etc.

St. Maurilius of FerraraB. Being beheaded. (Guercino,

Ferrara Art Gall.)

St. Mauricius. See

St. Machar(Nov. 13).

St. Maurontius of

DouayAb. 706 (May 5). Sceptre and

church. (St. Amatus Douay.)

Belg., Gall, and Bene. Marts.

St. Maurontius of

Languedocc. 786 (Oct. 21). Bishop of

Marseilles.

St. Maurus of Burgundyc. 383 (Nov. 8). Bishop of

Verdun.

St. Maurus of GlanfeuilAb. 584 (Jan. 15). Saving St.

Placidus from drowning by his

hair. (St. Miniato, Florence.)

With a crosier going towardsthe WAter. (Attrib. der Heil.) St.

Benedict appearing in a glory

to him. (Cahier.) With pair

of scales, or a spade. (Ibid.)

Benedictine, bareheaded, withbook and crosier. (XIV. cent,

window, S. choir clerestory,

Evreux Cath. ; Roodscreen,

Wolborough.) Butler, Mabillon,

Odo of Glanfeuil, St. Gregory

the Great.

SS. Maurus, P., andFelix, Ch., of Spoleto

6th cent. (Jime 16). St. Maurus,a priest of Caesarea, emigratedto Italy with his infant sonFeHx and settled betweenTeramo and Narni, the presentSan Fehce, in the diocese of

Spoleto, where their reUcs are

stiU venerated. A Life byUghellus.

St. Maurus of Ostia(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com-panion of St. Censurinus, q.v.

St. Mauxe. SeeSt. Maximus

(May 25).

St. MawesB.C. (May 17). As a school-

master. (St. Mawes' Ch., Corn-wall.)

St. Maxellend ofCambraiV.M. 7th cent. (Nov. 13). Amaiden of Arras who vowedherself to the religious life andwas killed by Hardwin, hersuitor, in an attempt to abducther. Gall. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Maxentia ofBeauvais

V.M. 6th cent. (Nov.20). Whitehabit and pilgrim's hat, crucifix

on her knees, (frint, Butler.)

Butler, Wilson, Aberdeen andBeauvais Breviaries.

St. Maxentius, or

Maissent, of PoitouAb. c. 515 (Jime 26). Birdsflying about him. (Cahier.)

Rom., Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. MaxentiusM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. MaximaM. Wife of St. Montanus(Mar. 26), q.v.

St. MaximaM. Companion of St. Donatella

(July 30), q.v.

St. MaximaM. Compaaion of St. Doro-theus (Sept. 9), q.v.

St. Maximian of BagaeB.C. 5th cent. (Oct. -3). Thrownfrom a high tower. (Gueffier.)

Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Maximian of Emilia556 (Feb. 22). Appointed Bishopof Ravenna by the EmperorJustinian against the will of

the inhabitants, he waited their

consent before seeking ad-

mission to the see which heheld ten years, and even at his

death was regarded as a saint.

Rubaens' Hist. Ravennae, Rom.Mart.

St. MaximianM. (July 27). One of the SevenSleepers of Ephesus, q.v. A club.

{Musaeum Victorium, Rome.)

St. MaximilianM. 296 (Mar 12). Son of aChristian soldier in Numidia,he refused to be enrolled in the

Roman army on accoimt of the

pagan worship expected of him,

and was decapitated. Butler,

Ruinart.

St. MaximilianM. Companion of St. Bonosus(Aug. 21), q.v.

St. Maximinus of MiscyAb. 520 (Dec. 15). Nephew of

Euspicius, Archdeacon of Ver-

dun and founder of the abbey

of Miscy, near Orleans, whom he

succeeded as second abbot.

Mabillon, Rom., Gall, and

Bene. Marts.

St. Maximinus of

ProvenceAbp. N.D. (June 8). Founder

and first Archbishop of the

diocese of Aix. Maurolycus

describes him as an apostle of

Our Lord. His relics are at the

Dominican monastery of St.

Maximin, near Aix. Butter,


St. Maximinus of TriersB. 349 (May 29). ReceivingSt. Athanasius at Triers. {Callot.)

Bear at his side. {Ikon.) Com-manding a bear to carry his

baggage. {Gueffier.) Butler,

Tillemont, Calmet, SS. Hilaryand Athanasius.

St. Maximus and Com-panions, of BulgariaMM. 287 (Apr. 13). Threemartyrs in the Diocletian per-

secution, interrogated by theproconsul Gabinus at Silistria

and scourged and beheaded in

their native village of Ozobia.

Gk. Men., Rom. and Spn. Marts.

St. Maximus ofCampaniaM. c. 358 (June 12). Bishop of

Naples.

St. Maximus of Egypt281 Pec. 27). Bishop of

Alexandria.

St. Maximus Homolo-getes of Constantinople

C. 662 pec. 30). Secretary of

State to^the Emperor HeracUus,he distinguished himself by his

staimch opposition to the Mono-theUstic heresy. On the deathof the Pope St. Martin (Nov. 12),

he was arrested at Rome,brought to Constantinople for

trial, beaten and exiled to

Sarmatia, where he died. TheSaint's Acts, Butler, Baronius,

Baillet, etc.

St. Maximus, B., ofJerusalem

c. 358 (May 5). Blinded of oneeye and lamed by hot irons

in the Maximian persecution.

Later converted from the Arianheresy, he was the first to sign

the recognition of St. Athan-asius at the Council of Jerusalemin 349. Sozomen, Theodoret, St.

Jerome, Rom. Mart.

St. Maximus of LydiaM. c. 251 (Apr. 30). A merchantarrested in the Decian per-

secution, interrogated byOptimus, proconsul of Asia,

and stoned to death at Ephesus.

Butler, Surius, Baronius, Hen-schenius, Ruinart, Fleury, Tille-

mont, Mod. Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Maximus, and Companions, of Marcian-opolisMM. c. 311 (Sept. 15). Con-demned in the Maximian per-

secution by Teres, Governor of

Thrace, to be beaten with rods,

mutilated and beheaded. Gk.

Men. and Mod. Rom. Mart.

87

St. Maximus of NolaB.C. 250 (Jan. 15). Bunch of

grapes on a bramble. {Attrib.

der Heil.) An old man, carried

on the shoulders of St. FeUx of

Nola (Jan._i4). {Baring-Gould.)

St. Maximus of RiezB. 460 (Nov. 27). Rousing

the dead. {Icon. Sanct.) Hiding

in a forest. {Gueffier.) Holding

the model of a church. {Cahier.)

Butler, Tillemont, St. Gregory

of Tours, Rom. and Gall. Marts.,

etc.

St. Maximus of BorneP.M. 3rd cent. (Nov. 19).

Stoned to death. {Gueffier.)

St. Cyprian, Usuardus, Ado,

Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Maximus and Com-panions, of RomeMM. 295 (Feb. 18). SS. Maxi-mus and Claudius were brothers

to St. Caius Pope and St.

Gabinius, and both wereattached to the Court of

Diocletian. St. Susanna, V.M.(Aug. 11), daughter of St.

Gabinius (Feb. 19), havingrefused to obey the Emperor'srequest that she would marryGalerius Caesar, her two imcles,

with Praepedigna, Maximus'wife, and their two sons, Alex-

ander and Cutias, were burntahve at Cimiae as Christians,

Gabinius and Susanna beingimprisoned and later suffering

matryrdom also.

St. Maximus of Sicily598 (June 9). Bishop of

Syracuse.

St. Maximus of TurinB. c. 466 (June 25). A doenear him. {Cahier.) Butler,

Ceillier, Rom. Mart.

St. Maximus of Venetia2nd cent. (Aug. 2). Bishop of

Padua.

SS. Maximus, B., andVenerandus, D., ofNormandyMM. Early 6th cent. (May 25).

Brothers, natives of Brescia,

preaching the gospel in France,they were seized and beheadedby infidels at Acquigny, nearEvreux. Butler, Trigan, LeBrasseur's Histoire d'Evreux,

Gall. Marts.

St. MaximusM. Companion of St. Castus(May 15), q.v.

St. Maximus of OstiaA gaoler and companion of

St. Censminus (Sept. 5), q.v.

St. MaximusM. Companion of St. Juven-tius (Jan. 25), q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. MaximusMk. M. Companion of St.

liberatus (Aug. 17), q.v.

St. MaximusM. Companion of St. Valerian(Apr. 14), q.v.

St. May. See St. Marius(Jan. 27).

St. Mayeul. SeeSt. Maieul

(May II).

St. Mazota, or Mayota,of Abernethy

V. 7th cent. (Dec. 23). Amaiden living with a certain

St. Brigit in Ireland, whom she

accompanied to Abernethy to

found a church to the B.V.Mary. Dempster, AberdeenBreviary.

St. Mechtildes ofSuabiaV. Abs. 1301 (Apr. 10). OurLord giving her His heart.

(Cahier.) Angels bringing herthe H. Viaticum. (Ibid^ Butler,

Chatelain, a Life by the AbbotEngelhard.

St. Medan. SeeSt. Meldan

(Feb. 7).

St. Medard of NoyonB. 545 (June 8). Kneeling, a

dove over his head. (Callot.)

Eagle sheltering him from rain.

(Chris. Kunst.) Leaving foot-

marks on a stone. {Ikon.)

Beggar near him. [Cossey Hall

C^/'e/.) Torch in hand. (Cahier.)

A colt or horses near him.

(Ibid.) Three white doves abovehim. (Ikon.) An ox. (Husen-

beth.) All Rom. Marts.

St. Mederic of Parisp. Ab. c. 791 (Aug. 29).

Teaching his monks. (Callot.)

Holding chains with caltrops.

(Weyen.) Stars descending to-

wards him. (Cahier.) Butler,

Mabillon, Rom. Mart.

SS. Medran and Odranof Ireland

CC. 6th cent. (July 7). Twobrothers, natives of Muskeny,who left their home to join

St. Kieran (Mar. 5) at Saigir.

St. Medran remained at Saigir,

but St. Odran was sent bySt. Kieran to Leitir, wherehe founded the monastery of

Leitir-Odran, in which he died.

Acts of St. Kieran, Celt. Marts.

St. Meen. >SeeSt. Maen(June 21).

St. Meinrad, or Mein-hard, of GermanyH.M. c. 863 (Jan. 21). As a

tonsured moiJc holding a

wooden cup. (XVI. cent, win-

dow, Kunstgewerbe Museum,

Berlin.) Two ravens pursuinghis murderers. (Das Passional^

Two ravens by his side. (Ikon.)

Baring-Gould, an Authentic

Life in the monastery of

Einsiedeln.

St. Meinulf of BodichenAb.C. c. 857 (Oct. 5). Holdinga church, a stag lying by him.

(Cahier.) Bollandus, Lubeckand Cologne Marts.

St. Meinwerk ofPaderborn

B.C. 1036 (June 5). Churchin hand. (Cahier.) Receivingglove from St. Henry, Emperor.(Ibid.)

St. Mel. See St. Mael(Feb. 6).

St. Melania theYounger, of Jerusalem

Matr. 439 (Dec. 31). Churchin her hand. (Cahier.) Rom.and Gk. Marts.

St. Melanius of RennesB.C. 530 (Jan. 6). His body in

a boat going against the stream.(Cahier.) Driving out the devil.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, Bol-landus, St. Gregory of Tours,Lobineau, Morice, Rom. andGall. Marts., etc.

St. Melanius. SeeSt. Maen

(June 21).

St. Melas of EgyptB.C. 4th cent. (Jan. 16). Bishopand head of the monastic settle-

ment of Rhinoclusa, on theborders of Palestine. Sozomen,Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Melchiades, Pope314 (Dec. 10). Successor to

Pope Eusebius in 311, duringthe reign of Maxentius, heoccupied the Papal Chair duringthe first three years of Con-stantine's reign. Butler, Euse-bius, St. Optatus, St. Augustine,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Melchior. One ofthe Magi

1st cent. (Jan. 6). Offering

a jewelled cup to the HolyInfant. (L. v. Leyden, AntwerpMus.) Jameson.

St. MelchuB. Brotherof St. Mael(Feb. 6),

q.v.

St. Meldan of PeronneB. Late 6th cent. (Feb. 7).

An Irish bishop who left his

native land and died at Peronne.His Acts have been lost, butmany churches are dedicatedto him. Life of St. Fursey.

St. Meletius the Great,Patriarch of AntiochCM. c. 381 (Feb. 12). Red-hot helmet and cuirass. (Cahier.

)

88

Butler, Socrates, Sozomen, Theo-

doret.

St. Meletius of PontusB. c. 320 (Dec. 4). Sumamed" Attic Honey," both from his

name and his eloquence. Hetook refuge in Palestine for

seven years from the Diocletian

persecution, afterwards return-

ing to his diocese. Usuardus,

Ado, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Meletius, and Com-panions, of RomeMM. N.D. (May 24). The Acts

of these saints, which are fabu-

lous and utterly unreliable,

state that they were 252 in

mmiber, and that when slain

they utterly vanished. Their

very existence is apocryphal.

St. MeleusippusM. Brother and companion of

St. Speusippus (Jan. 17), q.v.

St. Melitina of Marcia-nopolis

V.M. (Sept. 15). Holding asword ; idol overthrown before

her. (Ikon.)

St. Melito, Bishop ofSardes in LydiaM. c. 175 (Apr. i). Borne onhis mother's shoulders. (Cahier.)

Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius.

St. Melkus. SeeSt. Melchu

(Feb. 6).

St. Mellitus ofCanterburyAbp. 624 (Apr. 24). A Romanabbot sent to England by St.

Gregory to assist St. Augustine,by whom he was ordained thefirst Bishop of London. Hefounded St. Paul's in 604, andWestminster Abbey in 609, andsucceeded St. Laurence at

Canterbury as third Archbishopin 619. Butler, Bede, Le Neve,Capgrave, Rom. and Eng. Marts.

St. Mello of RouenB.C. Early 4th cent. (Oct. 22).

In episcopal robes, holding across. (Lady Chapel windows,Rouen Cath.)

St. Mellor of CornwallM. c. 411 (Jan. 3). Son of

MeUan, a prince of Cornwall,who was murdered by his

brother Rainald. St. Mellor wasfirst maimed of his right handand left foot, and later mur-dered by his uncle's orders.

Eng. Mart. ; Usuardus (on

Oct. I).

St. Memmius ofChampagne

3rd cent. (Aug. 5). Bishop of

Chalons.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Memorius, P., andCompanions, ofBreuilleMM. c. 451 (Sept. 7). Said to

have been a deputation sent

by St. Lupus, Bishop of Troyes

(July 29), to meet Attila on his

invasion of Burgundy, by whomthey were massacred at Breuille.

The story is probably apocry-

phal, being founded on fabulous

Acts. Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Menas and Com-panions, of AlexandriaMM. c. 308 (Dec. 10). St Menaswas a senator and philosopher

of Alexandria, and secretly aChristian. The Emperor Maxi-minus sent to arrest him his

officer Hermogenes, who wasconverted by the sight of his

miraculousheaUng after torture,

and the two, together with St.

Menas' servant Eugraphius,were executed with the sword.

The Acts are valueless, and thewhole story probably apocry-phal. Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Meneve, or

Meneleus, of AuvergneAb. c. 730 (July 22). Of anArgevin family allied to theEmperor Charlemagne, heentered the monastery of Cor-

meri (now St. Theofrede's),

later founding the Abbey of

Menate, near Clermont. Butler,

Usuardus, Mabillon, Baillet.

St. Mengold of BelgiumM. c. 892 (Feb. 8). Count of

Huy, he was murdered by someknights of the Court. His relics

are preserved in the Church of

Our Lady, of Huy, of whichtown he is second patron.

St. Menna of FontenoyV.R. Late 4th cent. (Oct. 3).

An angel visiting her. {Baring-

Gould^ Gall. Marts.

St. Mennas, Patriarch

of Constantinople552 (Aug. 25). Nominated byJustinian and consecrated

Patriarch of Constantinople byPope Agapetus in opposition

to the Bishop of Trebizonde,

who was selected by the EmpressTheodora. Gk. Menology andMod. Rom. Mart.

St. Mennas of Lybua(Dec. 10). The Church of St.

Mennas, built at Constantinople

by Justinian, is said to be dedi-

cated to this saint, whose relics

were translated thither.Baronius, Surius, Butler (under

Nov. 12).

St. Mennas of PhrygiaM. c. 304 (Nov. II). Handscut off, eyes out. {Weyen.)

In armour, bareheaded, leaning

on sword. {Paul Veronese.)

Butter, Surius, Tillemont,

Usuardus, Bede ; Sarum, York,Durham and Hereford Brevi-

aries ; Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Mennas of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.


St. Menodora and Com-panions, of BithyniaW. MM. c. 305 (Sept. 10).

Three sisters, two of whomwere tortured and beaten to

death and the third burnt at thestake by Fronto, Governor of

Bithynia under Galerius. Gk.Menem and Menology, Russ.Kalendar, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Menulf of Berri(July 12). Bishop of Bourges.

St. MercuriaM. Companion of St. Ammon-arium (Dec. 12), q.v.

St. Mercurial of ForliB. 2nd cent. A dragon. {Picture

by Cigoli.) Jameson.

St. Mercurius ofCaesareaM. 3rd cent. (Nov. 25). Angelgiving him a sword. {Callot.)

Attacking Julian the Apostatewith a lance. {Cahier.) Gk.Menem, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Mere. SeeSt. Marius

(Jan. 27).

St. MerewennaSister of St. Morweima of

Cornwall, q.v.

St. Meriadoc, orMeriasek, of Brittany

c. 1302 (June 7). Havingstripped himself of his estates,

which he gave to the poor, hebecame celebrated as a recluse

and was consecrated Bishopof Vannes. Butler, Henschenius,

Lobineau, Boase and Courteney's

Bibliotheca Cornubiensis.

St. Merita. See

St. Emerita(Sept. 22).

St. Merocles of

Lombardy315 (Dec. 3). Bishop of Milan.

St. Merri. See

St. Mederic(Aug. 29).

St. Merwinna of

Hampshire993 (Oct. 29). An Abbess of

Romsey.

St. MesminAb. c. 520. Holding a serpent.

{Weyen.)

St. Mesmin. See

St. Maximinuspec. 15).

89

St. Methodius, Patr. ofConstantinople899 (June 14). Picture of LastJudgment. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Gk. Menem, Rom. Mart.

St. Methodius, sur-

named Eubulus, of TyreB.M. c. 312 (Sept. 18). Origin-

ally Bishop of Olympus in

Lycia, he was translated to Tyreafter the martyrdom of St.

Tyraimis (Feb. 20), and wasmartyred at Chalcis. Butler,

St. Jerome, Photius, Ceillier,

Stilting, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. MethodiusAp. Brother and companionof St. Cyril (Mar. 9), q.v.

St. MetrodoraV.M. Companion of St. Meno-dora (Sept. 10), q.v.

St. Metrophanes, Patr.

of Constantinoplef'- 325 (June 4). Bishop ofByzantium and first Patnarchof Constantinople. Gk. Men.,Rom., Syriac and Russ. Marts.

St. Meubred ofCornwallH.M. N.D. YeUow cap, staff,

holding a head in right hand.{XV. cent, window, St. Neots.)

St. Meuge. SeeSt. Memmius

(Aug. 5).

SS. Meuris and Thea,of PalestineMM. c. 305 (Dec. 19). Twowomen of Gaza tortured todeath in the Diocletian per-secution. Butler, Life of St.

Porphyry (Feb. 26).

St. Meven. SeeSt. Maen

(June 21).

St. Michael de SanctisC. N.D. (May 23). Trinitarianhabit, two angels holding amonstrance before him. {En-graving, Pasqualoni.)

St. Mida. SeeSt. Ytha

(Jan. 15).

St. Migdop. Companion of St. Dpro-theus (Sept. 9), q.v.

St. Milburga ofWenlock, Salop

V. Abs. 722 (Feb. 23). Flockof wild geese flying at hercommand. {Lives of the Saints,

F. Porter.) As above, and hold-

ing a church in her hand.{Husenbeth.) Wm. of Malmes-bury, Hapsfield, Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Mildgytha, orMilgidra, of Canterbury

V. Late 7th cent. (Jan. 17).

Daughter of Merewalf Princeof Mercia and St. Ermenburga,and sister to SS. Mildred andMilburga, she lived and diedin retirement in the monasteryof Estrey, near Canterbury,built by Egbert, King of Kent.Butler, Menardus, Wilson, Cap-grave, Bollandus, etc.

St. Mildred of ThanetV. Abs. c. 680 (Feb. 20and July 13). Abbess' robes,

holding a lamp. {Engraving.)

Molanus, Saussaye, Cafgrave,Wilson, Gall., Belg. and Ang.Marts.

St. Miletus of Trierc. 470 (Sept. 19). Bishop of

Treves.

St. Militades. SeeSt. Melchiades

(Dec. 10).

St. Milgithe. SeeSt. Mildgytha

(Jan. 17).

St. Milles, B., and Com-panions, of PersiaMM. 341 (Apr. 22 and Nov. 10).

St. MUles, Bishop of Susa, withhis priest Abrosimus and adeacon, Siva, arrested in thepersecution of Sapor, were sent

to Makeldager to be tried byHormisdas, where St. Milles

was stabbed and his companionsstoned to death. Butler, Sozomen,Evodius, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Milvida. SeeSt. Mildgytha

(Jan. 17).

St. Miniato, or Minias,of Florence

M. 3rd cent. (Oct. 25). Crowned,holding two javelins, lily andpalm. {Picture of Giotto School.)

Crowned, holding Greek cross.

{XI. cent, mosaic, St. Miniato,

near Florence.) Javelin, lily andpalm. {In his church near

Florence.) Jameson.

St. Mitrius of AixM. 3rd cent. (Nov. 13). Bearinghis head in his hands. {Window,Aix Cathedral.)

St. Mnason of Cyprusist cent. (Jime 25). A Cj^rianby birth. Mentioned as oneof the hosts of St. Paul at

Jerusalem. {Acts xxxi. 16

;

Rom. xvi. 21). Confused in the

Rom. Mart, with St. Jason.

St. Mochoemoc of

LiathmoreAb. c. 750 (Mar. 13). Bom in

Connaught, died 13th March655. {Butler.) Irish Gen. Marts.,

Colgan.

St. Mocholmoc. SeeSt. Colman

(June 7).

St. Mochtalugh, or

Mochteus, of LouthB. 535 (Aug. 19). Adam, Usher,

St. MochuaDied aetat 99 at Dayrinis c. 500(Jan. i). Son of Cronan, a noble,

served in the army underhis prince ; settled at TeachMochua ; said to have foundedthirty churches. Irish Mart.,

Bollandus.

St. MochuaAb. (Jan. i). Third son of

Beyan, made monk by St.

Congal. Founded the monasteryof Balla, Connaught. Bollandus^

St. Mochudu. SeeSt. Carthagh(May 14).

St. Mochumma. SeeSt. Machar

(Nov. 13).

St. Modan(Aug. 30). A hermit of Kill

Modan.

St. Modan of MelroseAb. (Feb. 4) Aberdeen Breviary,

Boetius, Lesley.

St. Moderan730 (Oct. 22). A Bishop of

Rennes. Rennes Kalendar, Ferr,

St. Modesta of TrevesV. Abs. c. 680 (Nov. 4). Nieceof St. Modoald and Bl. Itta.

Rom. Gall, and Bene. Marts.

St. ModestusM. c. 480 (Feb. 24). KneeUngbefore executioner with up-raised sword. {Window, Chartres

Cath.)

St. ModestusM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. ModestusM. Companion of St. Vitus

(June 15), q.v. Plunged in acauldron. {Statuary, Chartres

Cath.)

St. Modez. SeeSt. Maudez

(Nov. 18).

St. Modoald of TrevesAbp. c. 640 (May 12). Holdinga church. {Cahier.)

St. Modoc, or Modoccus,Bishop of Ferns

c. 632 (Sept. 7). Dempster.

St. Modomrioc of OssoryC. c. 500 (Feb. 13). An Irish-

man, pupil of St. David inWales Celt. Marts.

90

St. Modvald. See

St. Modoald(May 12).

St. Modwenna of

IrelandV. Abs. c. 650 (July 6). Redcow by her side. {Ant. image.

Burton - on - Trent. ) Teachingyoungprincessto read. {Cahier.)

In Benedictine habit, holding

staff and book. {Jameson.)

Scot, and Celt. Marts.

St. Moedoc. See

St. Modoc(Sept. 7).

St. Moeldadc. 650 (May 13). An Abbot of

Monaghan.

St. Mogue. SeeSt. Maidoc

(Jan. 31).

St. MolachC. c. 650 (June 25). Bishop of

Ross.

St. Molaisre. SeeSt. Laserian

(Apr. 18).

St. MolingC- 697 (June 17). A Bishop of

Ferns.

St. Moloc. SeeSt. Molach

(June 25).

St. Molua of Ireland606 (Aug. 4). An Abbot ofClonfert.

St. MonacellaV. N.D. Prajdng in a bower.{Carving, Penant-Melangell Ch.,

Montgomery.)

St. Monachius of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.


St. Monas249 (Oct. 12). Bishop of Milan.

St. Monau of StAndrews, ScotlandAdn. CM. 874 (Mar. i). Slain,

with 6000 other Christians, byinfidels. Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Moncain. SeeSt. Mochua

(Jan. i).

St. Mondez. SeeSt. Maudez

(Nov. 18).

St. Monegunda, orMone, of ToursW.R. c. 570 (July 2). Blessinga barrel of vinegar. {Cahier^Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Monessa of IrelandV. c. 456 (Sept. 4).

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Mongunna

V. c. 650 (July 5). An abbessin Ireland.

St. Monibulusc. 550 (Nov. 18). An abbot of

Lagny.

St. Monica of OstiaW. 387 (May 4). Mother ofSt. Augustine. Standing behindSt. Augustine, kneeling. (S^.

Augusiin, Siena.) Girdle orscarf in hand. (Cahier.) Re-ceiving monstrance from angel.(Bourg. Notre Dame de Broce.)Handkerchief and book. {Tabl.de la Croix.) Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Moninna of IrelandV. Abs. 518 (July 6). Is saidto have received the veil fromSt. Patrick, and with nine otherwomen to have built a churchat Roskerry, near Carlingford,afterwards settling in thewestern isles of Ireland, andfinally at Beg-Erin, in WexfordHarbour. Her church is nowcalled KiUevy, near Newry.Butler, Colgan, Celt. Marts.

St. Monitor of France(Nov. 10). Bishop of Orleans.

St. Monon of NassauH. 7th cent. (Oct. 18). A Scot-tish recluse living in theArdennes, who was murderedin his cell by robbers. A churchis dedicated to him near St.

Andrews, in Scotland. Butler,

Molanus, Usuardus.

St. Montanus and Com-panions, of CarthageMM. 259 (Feb. 24). A body of

Christians arrested during acivil conspiracy and imprisoned,without food or water, for somedays, and then beheaded. But-ler, Ruinart, Tillemont, Surius,

Bollandus, Rom. Mart.

SS. Montanus, P., andMaxima of PannoniaMM. N.D. (Mar. 26). St.

Montanus, a priest at Sirmium,with his wife Maxima, wasdrowned in a river or lake, prob-

ably during the Mciximianpersecution. Bede, St. Jerome,Rom. Mart.

St. Morenna. SeeSt. Modwenna

(July 6).

St. Morwenna ofCornwall

V. c. 450 (July 6). Sister of

SS. Merewenna and Mabena.In abbess' robes, with long cross,

her hands on shoulders of ayoung princess holding a bookat her side. {Window, Morwen-stow Church.) As a mm, right

hand in benediction. {Fresco,

Morwenstow Church.)

St. MosentiusM. Companion of St. Satyrus

(June 12), q.v.

St. Moses, Ab., andCompanions, of EgyptMM. 5th cent. (Feb. 7). Theabbot and six monks of a com-munity at Sc6t6 killed in their

cells during an Arab raid.

Wytford and most other WesternMarts.

St. MosesH. Companion of St. Zebinas(Feb. 23), q.v.

St. Moyses of AfricaM. Late 3rd cent. (Dec. 18).

Mentioned in a letter from St.

ComeUus to Fabius of Antiochas " Moyses, the blessed witness

who but lately endured a glori-

ous and wonderful martyrdom."Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. Moyses theEthiopian of Scet6Ab. M. c. 350 (Aug. 28). Asa Moor. {Ikon.) Stabbed with aknife. {Attrib. der Heil.) Carry-ing four boimd robbers on his

back. {Cahier.) Gk. Men., Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Mullen. SeeSt. Moling

(June 17).

St. Mulruby. SeeSt. Maelrubha

(Aug. 27).

St. Mummolin ofFlanders

B. 683 (Oct. 16). Spent his

youth in the monastery of

Luxeuil under St. Eustasius.

Sent on amission to the Morini,

he founded a monastery, wherenow stands St. Omer, and suc-

ceeded St. EUgius as Bishopof Toumai. Butler, Mabillon,

Molanus, Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. MummulusAb. C. 678 (N.D.) Shrine in his

hand. {Cahier.)

St. Mundus, or Munde,of Scotland

862 (Apr. 15). Is said to havegoverned a large monastery andto have founded others in

Argyleshire, of which district

he was formerly regarded as

principal patron. Several

churches there are dedicated

to him. Butler, King.

St. Mungo. See

St. Kentigern(Jan. 13).

St. Mungo, or MunB. Brother of St. Mael (Feb. 6),

q.v.

St. MunuAb. 635 (Oct. 21). A leper of

Taghmon, in Ireland.

91

St. Muranc. 650 (Mar. 12). An Irish

Abbot.

St. Murdach of

ArgyleshireH. (Oct. 5). A hermit who,

according to Dempster, " had

a poor habitation near a lake

in Argyleshire, called Kihnur-

dach. Dempster, Scottish Men-ology.

St. Muredach of KillalaB. (Aug. 12). A contemporaryof St. Columba, he is also de-

scribed as the first Bishop of

Kill Aladh, now KjUala. Butler,

Ware, Celt. Marts.

St. Murray. See

St. Maelrubha(Aug. 27).

St. Musa of RomeV. c. 560 (Apr. 2).

St. MustiolaMatr. Companion of St.

Irenaeus (July 3), q.v.

Bl. MutiusH. N.D. Bell, stafi and beads.

{Library, Strasbourg; Glass ant.

Molsheim.) Devil showing himburied treasure. {Cahier.)

St. Mybard, H. SeeSt. Meubred

(N.D.).

SS. Nabor and Felix, ofMilanMM. c. 304 (July 12). In com-plete armour. {Sammacchini,Bologna Gal.) In secular cos-

tumes. {Mosaic, St. Satiro

Chapel.) Butler, Solier.

St. NaborM. Companion of St. BasUides

(June 12), q.v.

St. NaborM. Companion of St. Januarius,

(July 10), q.v.

SS. Narcissus, B., andFelix, D., of GeronaMM. 4th cent. (Mar. 18). Hor-nets issuing from St, Narcissus'

tomb. {Baring-Gould.) Rom.Mart.

St. Narcissus ofJerusalem

B. c. 216 (Oct. 29). Stabbed in

the back whilst saying Mass.{Das Passional. ) Changing HolyWater into oil for church lamps.

{Gueffier.) Pitcher of water byhim. {Ikon.) Angels taking

his soul to heaven. {Chris.

Kunst.) Holding a thistle in

bloom. {Weyen.) Holding anosegay. {Cahier.) Usuardus,

Ado, Butler, Eusebius, Tillemont,

Rom. Mart.

St. NarcissusM. Companion of St. Amplias(Oct. 31), q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Narses, B., andCompanions, of PersiaMM. 343 (Nov. 30). St Narses,

Bishop of Sgiaxchadata, decapi-

tated, with his disciple Joseph,in the persecution of Sapor II.

With them suffered St. John,Metropolitan of Beth Seleucia,

St. Isaac, a priest of Hvilsar,

and St. Uhanan, a young clerk,

who were stoned to death, SS.

Papas and Guhschiatazades, andothers. BuUer, Gk. Men., Rom.Mart.

St. NarzalisOne of the SciUitan Martyrs.Companion of St. Speratus(Feb. 17), q.v.

St. Natalia ofNicomediaW. c. 304 (Sept. 8). Holdingthe feet of her husband, St.

Adrian (Sept. 8), on an anvil.

(Molanus.) A Hon by her side.

(ikon). See St. Adrian (Sept. 8).

St. Natalia. SeeSt. Sabagotha

(July 27).

St. Nathalan of

AberdeenBp. C. d. 452 (Jan. 8). Oneof the apostles of Scotland, it

was by his means that the

country was preserved from the

Pelagian heresy. He was the

founder of two churches in the

diocese of Aberdeen. Butler,

Adam King, Aberdeen Breviary,

Hector Boetius, Sfotswood, etc.

St. NathanielR. N.D. Devil tempting him.

[Husenheth.)

St. Nathy of Irelandp. c. 615 (Aug. 9). Placed at

Achonry by St. Finnian of

Clonard (Dec. 12), he foundedthere a celebrated school, of

which St. Fechin (Jan. 20) wasa distinguished scholar. Butler,

Colgan, Ware, Celt. Marts.

St. NazariusN.D. Bearing a palm ; churchof Lorsch held up in his cloak.

{Seal of the Provost of Lorsch.)

SS. Nazarius and Celsusof MilanMM. c. 68 (July 28). Walkingon the sea. (Hulme.) Nazariusbearded, Celsus a young man,both in armour. (Titian, St.

Nazaro e Celso, Brescia.) Manand boy walking on the sea.

{Callot.) Butler, Tillemont,

Pinius, Rom. Mart.

St. NazariusM. Companion of St. Basilides

(June 12), q.v.

St. Nebridius ofBarcelona

6th cent. (Feb. 9). Bishop of

Egara.

St. Nectan or NeightonM. (May 18 or June 17). Inepiscopal vestments. {Tower,

Hartland.)

St. Nectarius ofBurgundy

6th cent. (Sept. 13). A Bishopof Autun.

St. Nemesianus andCompanions, of AfricaBB. MM. c. 257 (Sept. 10).

Nine bishops of Northern Africa,

beaten and sent to forced labourin the marble quarries, wheresome of them died of their

sufferings. Working in a marblequarry. {Callot.) Rom. Mart.

St. Nemesion, orNemesius, and Com-panions, of AlexandriaMM. c. 250 pec. 19). St.

Nemesion burnt with twothieves. {Icon. Sanct.) Bearinga cross on his shoulder. {Cahier.

)

Butler, Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

SS. Nemesius, Dn., andLucilla, v., of RomeMM. 254 (Oct. 31). A father

and daughter beheaded for thefaith. Their relics were trans-

lated, with those of SS. Sym-phronius, Olympius, Exuperiaand Theodulus, to the Church of

St. Maria Nova. Usuardus,Ado, Anastasius the Librarian,

Rom. Mart.

St. Nenn, Nennius orNennidhius, of UlsterAb. 6th cent. (Jan. 17). Blackrobes, book in left hand, achurch near him. {Engraving.)

Butler.

St. Nennocha ofBrittanyAbs. c. 467 (June 4). A nativeof Britain, she is said to haveemigrated into France withSt. Germanus of Auxerre (July

31), and to have hved in retire-

ment near Quimperle, where sheis principally venerated. Butler,

Colgan, Chatelain.

St. NeonM. Brother and companion of

St. Claudius (Aug. 23), q.v.

St. Neot of CornwallC. c. 877 (July 31). Palmer'shat, cross-handled staff androsary. {XVI. cent, window, St.

Neot's, Cornwall.) Rescuing adoe from the hunter. (Ibid.)

Ploughingwith fourstags. {Ibid.)

John of Glastonbury, Capgrave,Mabillon, Bollandus, etc., also

Butler (on Oct. 28).

SS. Nereus andAchilleusMM. (May 12). In secular

habits, standing with their

mistress, St. Flavia Domitilla

92

(May 12). {Rubens, S. M. delta

Vallicella, Rome.) Butler, Euse-

bius, Rom. Mart.

St. NestaboM. Companion of St. Eusebius

(Sept. 8), q.v.

St. Nestor of Sida in

PamphyliaB.M. 251 (Feb. 27). Praising

God upon the rack. {Callot.)

Crucified with ropes. {Old

engraving.) A cross. {Ikon.)

Butler, Bede, Ado, Usuardus,

Notker, Bollandus, Rom. Mart.

St. NestorM. Companion of St. Eusebius

(Sept. 8), q.v.

St. Nicander of EgyptM. c. 302 (Mar. 15). Martyredfor attending to the wants of

the Christians in prison during

the Diocletian persecution. Gk.

Men., Rom. Mart.

SS. Nicander andMarcian, of ItalyMM. 304 (June 17). Twosoldiers of Antino, tried andbeheaded by the GovernorMaximus in the Diocletian per-

secution. Butler, Mabillon,Ruinart, Rom. Mart.

St. Nicander of EgyptM. Companion of St. Marcian(June 5), q.v.

St. NicanorDn.M. d. c. 76 (Jan. 10). Anative of Cyprus and one of thefirst seven deacons appointedby the Apostles. He was tor-

tured and executed in the reignof Vespasian. Rom. Mart.

St. Nicasius, and Com-panions, of EcosMM. 286 (Oct. 11). St. Nicasiusin armour under a red mantlewith a white cross. {Bosier.)


St. Nicasius ofNormandy

N.D. Episcopal vestments andcross, right hand raised inblessing. {Lady Chap, window,Rouen Cathedral.)

St. Nicasius, Abp., andCompanions, of RheimsMM. c. 407 pec. 15). Carryingupper part of his head, withmitre, in his hands. (/. v.

Schoreel, Munich Gal.) Mar-tyred before his church. {Cahier.)

Butler, St. Gregory of Tours,Surius (on Dec. 14), Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Nicephorus ofAntiochM. 260 (Feb. 9). In a tub withholes, through which execu-tioners torment him. {Callot.)

A crown in his hand. {Cahier.)

Butler, Ruinart, Tillemont.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Nicephorus ofConstantinople

Patr. 828 (Mar. 13). Son of

Theodore, a secretary to theEmperor Constantine Coprony-mus, who resigned his office

on the Emperor declaring him-self against the Church. St.

Nicephorus, taken into favourby the Empress Irene, dis-

tinguished himself by his fer-

vour against the iconoclasts, andsucceeded St. Tarasius (Feb. 25)as Patriarch of Constantinople.Later, expelled by Michael theStammerer, he died in exile.

Butler, Fleury, Ceillier.

St. NicephorusM. Companion of St. Victorinus(Feb. 25), q.v.

SS. Nicetaand Aquilina,of LyciaMM. 3rd cent. (July 24). Twosisters, sent to seduce St. Chris-

topher from the Faith, whowere themselves converted byhis teachings, and suffered mar-tyrdom. The legend is prob-ably apocryphal. Usuardus,Ado, Notker, Gk. Rom. Mart.

St. Nicetas of BithyniaAb.C. 824 (Apr. 3). A co-

adjutor of St. Nicephorus, (Mar.

13) and Abbot of Medidion onMt. Olympus, he was twicebanished, and then imprisonedby Leo the Armenian. Releasedon the succession of Michael theStammerer, he entered a her-

mitage near Constantinople anddied in retirement. Butler,

Surius, d'Andilly, Papebroke,

Fleury, etc.

St. Nicetas ofNicomediaM. c. 304 (Sept. 12). Veneratedat Venice as a son of the Em-peror Maximian, converted by adream of Our Lord crucified.

Many miracles are said to havepreceded his death after tor-

tiures inflicted by his father.

The Acts are fabulous and the

whole story probably apocry-

phal. Relics at the Ch. of St.

Raphael at Venice. Equilinus,

Pder de Natalibus.

St. Nicetas of Paph-lagonia

C. c. 838 (Oct. 6). A patrician

attached to the Court of the

Empress Irene, he was madePrefect of Scily and assisted

in the translation of the relics

of St. Euphemia. Later, assum-

ing the monastic habit, he wasexpelled his monastery for

opposing iconoclasm, and died

in exile at Catisia. Gk. Menemand Menology.

St. Nicetas the GothM. c. 372 (Sept. 15). Burnt

on a funeral pile. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Butler, Surius, Socrates,

Sozomen, Stilting, Gk. Men.,Russ. and Mod. Rom. Marts.

St. Nicetius of DoubsEarly 7th cent. (Feb. 8).

Bishop of Nancy.

St. Nicetius of Gaul4th cent. (May 5). A Bishopof Vienne.

St. Nicetus of LyonsB.C. 573 (Apr. 2). A Bur-gundian by birth, he succeeded

his uncle, St. Serdot, as Bishopof Lyons. Many miracles are

related of him and his relics

are enshrined at his church (St.

Nizier) at Lyons. Butler, Rom.Mart.

St. Nicetus of TrevesB.C. 566 (Dec. 5). When anabbot he is said to have re-

proved King Thierry for his iU

manner of me, and on the see

of Treves falling vacant theKing presented him to it. Heattended the Council of Cler-

mont, the fifth Council of

Orleans in 549, and the secondCouncil of Paris in 551. Butler,

Bulteau, Bede, Usuardus,Gregory of Tours, Rom. Mart.

St. Nicholas the Mystic,Patr. of Constantinople

925 (May 15).

St. Nicholas of theStudium of Constan-tinople

Ab. C. 868 (Feb. 4). Bom in

Crete, he was sent to Con-stantinople at the age of ten,

where he entered the order of

the Acoemetes in the monasteryof the Studiimi. For opposing

the iconoclasts he and his abbot,

St. Theodore, were scourged,

exiled and imprisoned. On the

accession of Michael the Stam-merer he was elected Archi-

mandrite of the Studium, apost he held, with two inter-

mitting periods, until his death.

Gk. Men.

St. Nicholas of MyraAbp. C. c. 342 (Dec. 6). Draw-ing a ship to the shore with arope. (XIII. cent, window,

Lincoln Cath.) Three children

in a tub at his feet. {XVI. cent,

window, St. Vincent, Rouen.)

Three purses at his feet. {Fra

Angelico, Perugia.) Threechildren coming from a chest

opening at command of the

saint. {Cath. Chartres.) Threegolden balls on book. {RomanImperials coins, Capitol, Botti-

celli, G. Bianchi, A. Scaccorie,

Primer 15 16. ) Same in his hand.

{Coins of Freiburgh.) Same at

his feet. {Dibdin's Decameron.)

Same on his knee. {Tab. des

Peintres Primatifs.) Same onbook before him, kneeUng.

{Pitti Pal., A. del Sarto.) Threeloaves on book. {Tomb of St.

Sebald, Nuremberg.) Six balls

marked on a book. {Ikon.)

Three golden apples. {Husenr

beth.) Handing money or

bread through a window to

three poor maidens. {Fra

Angelico.) Anchor or ship.

{Chris. Kunst.) Church in his

hand. {DieHeiligenbild.) Bishopwithout a mitre. {Ca,t. Sanct.

and Molanus.) Angels bringing

him mitre and paUivun. {CahierT^

Acts xxvii. 5. All Eastern andWestern Marts.

St. Nicholas I. of RomePope. 867 (Nov. 13). A Romanby birth, he was ordained sub-

deeicon by Sergius, deacon byLeo, and, much against his will,

was elected Pope in succession

to Benedict. Anastasius the

Librarian, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Nicholas of SwedenB.C. 1391 (May 9). Bearded,writing in a book, mitre at his

side. Butler, Chronicle of the

Bishops of Lincopen.

St. Nicholas, or Nicetas,

the Pilgrim of TraniC. 1091 (June 2). Bearing across. {Cahier.)

St. NicholasM. One of the Seven FranciscanMartyrs (Oct. 13), q.v.

Bl. Nicholas AlbergatiB.C. 1443 (n.d.) OUve branchin his hand. {Cahier.)

Bl. Nicholas of BrugesO.P. N.D. Holding a lily. {Lib.

Sanct. Belgii, Woodchester.)

Holding a fish. {Ibid.)

Bl. Nicholas von derFlueH. 1487 (Mar 22). A shepherdboy of Unterwalden, he tookpart, as a captain, in the cam-paign against Zurich, and waslater elected Governor of Obwal-den. At the age of fifty heretired from the world to ahermitage at Melchtal, where heis said to have existed twentyyears without sohd food.

Venerated in Unterwalden.

St. Nicodemus1st cent. (Aug. 3). The Christian

Pharisee and senator of Jeru-salem,who assisted at Our Lord'sburial, and embalmed His body.Butler, Photius, St. John Hi. 5 ;

vii. 50, and xix. 39. With alarge urn. {Lorenzetti Acad.,

Siena.)

St. Nicolas Tolentino ofAncona

C. 1306 (Sept. 10). As a hermitof St. Augustin, stars roimd his

head. {Revue d'Art Chretien.)

Sun and stars on his breast.

{PiUi Gal., C. Dolce.) Staff

Saints and their Emblemstipped with a star. [J^iher

Cronic.) Holding bowl withgold and a lily. {Die Heili-

genbild.)IDevil beating him

with a club. (Der Heyl. Leb.)

Crucifix entwined with a lily,

globe underfoot. (Jameson.)Crucifix and hly. [Solitaire.)

Arms cut ofE long after death,and bleeding. (Cahier.) Part-ridge on his hand. (Ibid.)

Angels singing with or beforehim. (Weyen.) Dish with apartridge on it. {Cahier.)

Holding out his girdle to soulsin purgatory. {Ibid.) Fountainobtained by fixing a reed in theground. {Ibid.) Led by anangel. {Baring-Gould.) Pur-gatory open beside him. {Ibid.)

Butler, Rom. and AugustineMarts.

St. Nicoletta. SeeSt. Colette

(Mar. 6).

St. Nicomede of RomeP.M. c. 90 (Sept. 15). Clubset with spikes. {Attrib. derHeil.) Butler, Bede, Notker,

Ado, Wandelbert, York, Sarumand Hereford Kalendars, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Nicon Metanoite ofGreece

C. 998 (Nov. 26). Of noblefamily in Pontus, he fled pri-

vately, in youth, to a monastery,where he lived in great austerityfor twelve years, afterwardsbecoming a missionaiy in

Armenia and Crete. He died in

Peloponnesus. Butler, Baronius,Greek and Rom. Kalendars.

St. NicostratusM. Companion of St. Claudius

(July 7), q.v.

St. JSTilammon of EgyptH. N.D. (Jan. 6). A hermit nearPelusimn who, when selected

Bishop of Geres by the PatriarchTheophilus, prayed that Godwould relieve him of so high aposition. He died before theprayer was finished. Butler,

Sozomen, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Nilus the Younger,of Calabria

Ab. 1005 (Sept. 26). Holdinglamp, unlighted but containingoil. ijkon.) Figure of Our Lordblessing him from a cross.

{Domenichino.) HeaHng a pos-

sessed boy with oil from churchlamp. {Fresco, Grotta Ferrata,

Domenichino.) Butler, Baronius,Fleury, Rom. and Bene. Marts.

St. Nilus of Constanti-nople

A.C. c. 450 (Nov. 12). AGalatian, pupil of St. JohnChrysostom,who becamePrefectof Constantinople, which post

he resigned to become a hermit

in the deserts of Sinai. Butler,

Tillemont, Fabricius, Gk. Men.,Rom. Marts.

St. NilusB.M. Companion of St. Peleus

(Sept. 19), q.v.

St. Ninian, or Ninyas, of

PerthB. 5th cent. (Sept. 16). Anoble kneeling at his feet, crownon the ground. {Engraving.)

Chain hanging from wrist.

{Statuary, Worcester Cath.)

St. Ninnock or NimienAbs. 8th cent. (n.d.). A stag

lying at her feet. {Cahier.)

St. Nissen of IrelandAb. (July 25). He was baptizedand ordained by St. Patrick,

who appointed him Abbot of

Mountgarret, co. Wexford, of

which place he is titular saint.

Butler, Colgan.

St. Nithard of SwedenP.M. c. 840 (Feb. 3). A nephewof Bishop Gauzbert, he accom-panied Ms uncle on his missionto Sweden, where he was slain

for his denunciation of Thorand Odin. Lifeof St. Anscharius,Adam of Bremen.

St. Nivard, or Nivon, ofRheimsAbp. c. 673 (Sept. i). Of theroyal family of Austrasia, hewas brother to St. Gundebert,and was elected Archbishop of

Rheims about the year 649.Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Nizier. SeeSt. Nicetius

(Apr. 2).

St. Noalven. SeeSt. Noyala

(July 6).

St. NonnaMatr. c. 374 (Aug. 5). Motherof St. Gregory Nazianzen.

St. Nonnosus ofMt. SoracteAb. 6th cent. (Sept. 2). Amountain before him in theclouds. {Callot.) Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Nonnus ofMesopotamia

c. 468 (Dec. 2). Preaching toSt. Pelagia. Pen. {Menologyof St. Paul.) Baptizing St.

Pelagia. {Das. Pass?)

St. Norbert of Magde-burg

Abp. 1134 (June 6). Founderof the Norbertine Order. Hold-ing up chalice with Host in hisright hand. {Vatican, Fil.Bigioli.) Angel holding mon-strance before him. {Old en-

94

graving.) Episcopal vestments

brought him by the B.V. Mary.

{Callot.) Holding jointly with

St. Thomas Aquinas a mon-strance in his left hand, a long

cross and olive branch in his

right. {Painting, convent of St.

Leonard's-on-Sea.) Chalice with

a spider in it. {Ikon.) Devil

chained at his feet. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Assassin attempting

his hfe with a dagger in the

confessional. {Gueffier.) Hold-

ing a ciborium. {Butler.) Butler,

Rom. and Norbertine Marts., etc.

St. NothburgaW. 8th or 9th cent. (n.d.). Withnine children ; or with eight

on her arm and the ninth deadat her feet. {Ikon.)

St. Nothburga of theTyrolV. 1315 (Sept. 14). Carrying

bread and sickle. {Attrib. der

Heil. ) Ibid. , and a heavy weightlying near her. {Bavaria Pia.)

As a nun. {Attrib. der Heil.)

In a cornfield, sickle or scythenear her. {Bilder Legende.)

Tyrolese peasant girl, with keysat her side. {Paintings, Tyrol.)

In cornfield, Tyrolese peasant's

dress, bunch of keys at girdle

and sickle in her hand. {Tyrolese

pictures.)

St. Nothelm of Canter-bury

Abp. c. 740 (Oct. 17). Successorto Archbishop Tatwin aboutthe year 736. He is said to haveaided the Venerable Bede in his

Ecclesiastical History. Bede,Greven, Bollandus.

Bl. Notker Balbulus ofSt. GallMk. 912 (Apr. 6). A native of

Thurgau who at an early ageentered the monastery of St.

Gall and became distinguishedfor his musical talent and know-ledge of divinity. A Life byDean Eckhardt, St. Gall.

St. Novatus of Romep. 151 (June 20). Son of theSenator Pudeus and brotherto SS. Timothy, Pudentianaand Praxedes (July 21). Ado,Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. Noyala of Brittanyy.M. N.D. (July 6). Veneratedin the diocese of Vaimes, thepopular tradition being thatshe was a British maiden whofloated over to Brittany withher nurse on the leaf of a tree.

A chapel dedicated to her atPontivy was remarkable in theeighteenth century for a series

of paintings representing herwalking to Pontivy with herhead in her hands after herdecapitation at Beignan. Sup-plement to Saussaye's Gall. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSS. Nunilo and Alodia,of SpainW. MM. 851 (Oct. 22). Twodaughters of a Christian womanmarried to a Moor at Huesca.On the persecution of Abderah-man breaking out they werebrought before the Cadi of

Huesca and executed in prisonwith the sword. Relics atLeger, in Navarre. Rom. andS-pn. Marts.

St. Nympha of TuscanyV. 5th cent. (Nov. 10). Avirgin of Palermo who fled

into Italy from the Gotiis anddied at Siena. Relics at theChurch of St. Trypho (Nov. 10).

now St. Austin at Rome.Butler.

SS. Nymphas andEubulus

1st cent. (Feb. 28). Two friends

of St. Paul. St. Nymphas, aLaodicean, is mentioned in theEpistle to the Colossians and St.

Eubulus in the Second Epistle

to St. Timothy as being withSt. Paul at Rome.

St. NymphodoraV.M. Companion of St. Meno-dora (Sept. 10), q.v.

St. Octavius and Com-panions, of TurinMM. c. 286 (Nov. 20). Threemartyrs mentioned in a sermonattributed to St. Ambrose butprobably written by St. Maxi-mus of Turin.

St. Ocycellus. See

St. Ascylus(Dec. 23).

St. Oda of Li^geW. 723 (Oct. 23). Church in

her hand. {Cahier.) Belg.

Marts.

Ven. Ode of BrabantV. 1158 (Apr. 20). Daughterof one Wibert, a man of goodposition, she is said to have cut

ofi her own nose to avoid amarriage forced on her by her

father, afterwards becoming aNorbertine canoness in the

priory of Bonne Esperance in

Hainault, where she died. Nor-bertine and Belg. Marts.

St. Odhran of lonaAb. 563 (Oct. 27). Abbot of

lona andTyfamham, co. Meath.

Oronsay is named after him, as

also Killoran in Colonsay. Irish

and Scot. Marts.

St. OdilaV.M. c. 451 (n.d.) Praying at

an altar. (Cahier.)

St. Odilia.

St. Othiliapec. 13).

See

St. Odilo, Abbot ofCluny

1040 (Jan. 1). Two cups or

goblets. {Cat. Sanct.) Address-mg his monks. (Callot.) Bannerwith red and white cross uponit. (Cahier.) Regarding a skull

at his feet. {Ibid.) Contem-plating purgatory. {Ibid,) TheEmpress AUce kissing the hemof his robe. {Butler.) SayingMass, purgatory opening besidethe altar, its sufferers extend-ing their hands towards him.{Baring-Gould.) Butler, Ma-billon, Rom. Mart.

St. Odo of CanterburyAbp. c. 960 (Feb. 7 and July 4).Bom of Danish parents in EastAnglia. Ordained priest atRome ; made Bishop of Wiltonby King Athelstan, and later

succeeded Wulfhelm as Arch-bishop of Canterbury. Butler,

Wm. of Malmesbury, Florence

of Worcester, an eleventh-century

Life by Osborn of Canterbury orEadmen, a disciple of St. Anselm.Molanus, Greven, Saussaye,

Wytford, Bollandus, etc., etc.

St. Odo, Ab., of ClunyC. 943 (Nov. 18). Strippinghimself to clothe the poor.

{Weyen.) Abbot holding ashort cross. {Colum. milit.

Eccl.) Mabillon, Rom., Gall, andBene. Marts.

St. OdoofUrgelB. 1122 (July 7). See St,

Eudeo.

St. Odo. See St. Eudeo(July 7).

Bl. Odo, B., of Cambrai1113 (June 19). Bom at Orleans,

he taught philosophy at Toidimtil offered the charge of theschool at Toumai. Convertedto religion by perusal of St.

Augustine's works, he settled in

the ruined Abbey of St. Martin,adopting the Benedictine rule.

Thirteen years later he waselected Bishop of Cambrai, butwas ejected by the townsfolk,

and died in retirement in theAbbey of Auchin. Gall, andBelg. Marts.

Bl. Odo of GhentO.P. N.D. Ray of light shining

on him. {Lib. Sanct. Belgii,

Woodchester.)

St. Odran of IrelandM. c. 451 (Feb. 19). Chariot-

driver to St. Patrick, he over-

heard a plot against his master'slife and, changing places withhim, was assassinated in his

stead. Jocelyn's Life of St.

Patrick, Tamlacht and DonegalMarts.

St. OdranV. Brother of St. Medran(July 7). <!•"

95

St. Odrian ofWaterfordB. N.D. (May 8). Titular saint

of Waterford. Ware's Irish

Bishops.

St. Odulph, Canon of

UtrechtC. 9th cent. (July 18). Dishin his hand. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Butler, Bollandists.

St. Oduvald of MelroseAb. C. d. 698 (May 26). AScottish nobleman of Laudon,who entered and became Abbotof the Abbey of Melrose. Butler,

Chronicles of Scone andElphisfon.

St. Olaf, Olave or Olaus,

of ISTorwayK.M. 1030 (July 29). King,crowned and seated, holdingcross and battle-axe. {Seal of

St. Olave's, Herringfleet, Suffolk.)

Halbert and loaf. {Screen,

Barton Turf.) Ladder seen byhim in a vision. {Cahier.)

Sceptre and sword. {ArborPast.) Dagger in his hand.{Ikon.) Rom., Norm., Dan.,Swed. and Ang. Marts.

St. Olaille. SeeSt. Eulalia

(Feb. 12).

St. Olcan of IrelandB. c. 500 (Feb. 20). Bishop ofDercan, co. Antrim, he is said

to have baptized one Saran,a chief, who had incurred themalediction of St. Patrick, andto have fallen under that saint's

displeasure. Wytford, Lives of

St. Patrick, Tamlacht andDonegal Marts.

Bl. Oldegar of Spain(Mar. 6). Bishop of Barcelonaand Archbishop of Tarragona.

St. Oliva of AnagniV.M. 2nd cent. (Junes). Hang-ing by her hair over a fumace.{Cahier.)

St. Olon. See St. Odilo(Jan. I).

SS. Olympas andTertius

1st cent. (Nov. 10). Two dis-

ciples of St. Paul the Apostle.

St. Olympias of Con-stantinopleW. c. 410 (Dec. 17). Kneeling,skull, crucifix, book and rosaryat her feet. {Butler.) Letters ofSt. John Chrysostom, Sozomen,Butler, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

SS. Olympias andMaximus, of PersiaMM. 251 (Apr. 15). Holdingcrowbars. {Baring - Gould^Hrabanus, Usuardus, Ado, Not-ker, Mod. Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Olympius of Ostia

(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com-panion of St. Censurinus, q.v.

St. Omer of ArtoisB.C. c. 670 (Sept. 9). RoUingin thoms. (Cahier.) Shrinenear him. {Ibid.) Causing waterto spring up for baptizing asick child. (Ibid.) Butler,

Mabillon, BoUandists, Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Omobuono ofCremona

N.D. Beggar at his feet. (B.

Montagna, Berlin Gal.) Filling

flasks at a stream. [SS. Egidioe Omobuono, Cremona.) Jameson.

St. Onesimus ofEphesusB.M. 107 (Feb. 16). Stonedto death. {Callot.) Epistle to

the Ephesians.

St. Onesimus of Picardyc. 360 (May 13). Bishop of

Soissons.

St. Onesimus, Dp. ofSt. Paul

c. 95 (Feb. 16). A Phrygianslave to Philemon of Colossas,

and later the bearer of St. Paul's

Epistle to the Colossians. Heis said to have suffered underDomitian. Butler, Bede, Ado,Usuardus, St. Jerome, Coloss. iv.,

Rom. Mart., etc.

SS. Onesiphorus andPorphyry, of ParosMM. ist cent. (Sept. 6). St.

Onesiphorus, a disciple of St.

Paul, was taken with his servant

Porphyry, at Paros, in the Hel-lespont, and martyred by beingtied to the tails of wild horses.

Bede, Usuardus, Hrabanus,Wandelbert, etc. ; Epistle to St.

Timothy [i. 16-18 ; iv. 19).

St. Onolaus, or Onslow.See St. Winwaloe

St. Onuphrius, Onuphreor Onofrio, of EgyptH. 4th cent. (June 12). Coveredwith his long hair, crown,sceptre, and money at his feet.

{Spanish Gal. , Louvre, Jameson.)Hairy man with girdle of palmleaves. {Buffalmacco.) Clothedin skins. {Die Heiligenbild.) Onhis hands and feet, pursued byhounds. {Ibid.) Angel bringing

him bread. {T'bosch der Erem.)Angel blessing him. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Angel bringing himfood in a bowl. {Husenbeth.)

Clothed with leaves. {Ikon.)

Butler, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Opportuna ofMontreuil

V. Abs. c. 769 (Apr. 22). B.V.Mary appearing to her on her

death-bed. {Callot.) Casket and

crosier. {Add. MS. Brit. Mus.)Inflamed heart in her hand.

(Solitaire.) Appearing to a

drowning man and saving him.

(Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon.

St. Optatus of

MilevumB.C. c. 380 (June 4). Tramplingon the enemies of the faith.

(Callot.) Butler, Tillemont, Rom.Mart.

St. Optatus and Com-panions, of SaragossaMM. 304 (Apr. 16). Eighteenmartyrs under the GovernorDacian in the Diocletian per-

secution. With them suffered

St. Encratia, and two others,

SS. Caius and Crementius, died

under a second torturing. Butler,

Prudentius.

St. Orcas or OziasN.D. Holding a bird with its

head downwards. (Window,Heydon Ch.)

Bl. Ordoric of UdineO.S.F. 1331 (Jan. 14). Bomat Pordenone, he entered theFranciscan Order at an early

age and spent sixteen yearsin a mission to the FarEast, including China, Japanand Thibet. Bollandus, Mac-Farlane's Romance of Travel.

St. Orens. SeeSt. Oriens(May i).

St. Orestes of TyanaM. c. 304 (Nov. 9). Dragged bywild horses. (Cahier.)

St. OrestesM. Companion of St. Eustratus(Dec. 13), q.v.

St. Orgonne. SeeSt. Aldegund

(Jan. 30).

St. Oriens, or Orientus,of Auch

B. 439 (May i). Bom at Hues-car, in Spain, he sold his pro-perty, gave the price to thepoor, and became a hermit in

the valley of Lavedan. WhenBishop of Auch he was sent asan ambassador from Theodoricthe Ostrogoth to the Romcingeneral, Aetius. Rom. and Gall.

Marts.

Bl. Oringa or ChristinaV. d. 1310 (Jan. 10). Bom atSta. Croce of poor parents, shekept cattle on her brother'sfarm, where she became re-

nowned for her pilgrimages andpiety. Acta Sand.

St. OsburgaCrowned, holding book andsceptre. (Window, LiverpoolCathedral.)

96

St. Oskull. See

St. Eskill(June 12).

St. Osmanna ol

St. BrieucV. 7th cent. (Sept. 9). Of anillustrious Irish famUy, she em-

braced the solitary hfe in

Brittany. Her rehcs were at

the Abbey of St. Denis, but

part of them were dispersed bythe Calvinists in 1567. Butler,

Capgrave, Suysken.

St. Osmund of SalisburyB. 1099 (Dec. 4). Book of the

SanunUseinhishand. (Cahier.)

Church in his hand. (Husen-

beth.) Btitler, Wm. of Malmes-bury, Sarum Kalendar, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Oswald, K. ofNorthumbriaM. 642 (Aug. 5). Holding adish. (Statuary, Wells Cath.)

Sceptre and cross. (Coins of

Berg. St. James Norwich;Arbor Past.) King preachingfrom a pulpit. (Hornchurch,Essex.) Blowing a horn. (Win-dow, Durham Cath.) Holdinga ciborium, thereon a raven witha ring in its bill. (Window,Vincent Collection.) Dove overhis head. (Ikon.) Butler, Bede,Saxon Chronicle, Sarum andYork Kalendars, Scot., Rom.and Belg. Marts.

St. Oswald of YorkAbp. 992 (Feb. 29). Drivingthe devil oft a large stone.

(Lives of Saints, F. Porter.)

Maurolycus, Florence of Wor-cester, Wm. of Malmesbury,Wilson, Wyon, Menardus,Romsey Chronicle, etc.

St. Oswin, K. ofDeira

M. 651 (Aug. 20). Holding aspear. (Brass of AbbotDelamere.)Spear and sceptre. (Seal ofTynemouth Priory.) Butler, Cap-grave, Bede, Alford, etc.

St. Osyth of EssexV.M. Late 7th cent. (Oct. 7).Carrying her head in her hand.(XV. cent, window, \ LongMelford; Seal of St. 'OsythChick.) Crown on a table beforeher. (Weyen.) A stag near her.(Cahier.) Butler, Alford, Leland;Brussels, Lubeck and CologneMarts.

St. OtgerCompanion of St. Plechelm(July 15). q-v.

St. Othilia of AlsaceV. Abs. 772 (Dec. 13). Holdinga lUy and receiving from herfather, Adalric, the key of hisnew convent at Hohenburg.(Hohenburg, Dr Von Pfeffinger.)

Saints and their EmblemsAbbess with two eyeson a book.*

{frimer 1516.) Abbess with twoeyes lying at her feet.* \yimimGal., Cignarola.) Holding acup or chaHce. {Solitudo.)

Praying for the soul of herfather. {Passionael.)

St. Othmar of St. GallAb. c. 759 (Nov. 16). Keg ofwine in his hand. {Liber Cronic.)Monks building monastery nearhim. {Passionael.)

St. Otho of ArianoH. 1120 (n.d.) Falcon perchedon a cottage. {Ikon.) Falconperched on his cell. {Cahier.)

St. otto, or Otho, ofBamberg

B. Apostle of Pomerania.1139 (July 2). Making arrowsinto naUs at a forge. {Chris.

Kunst.) Holding arrows. {DieHiligenbild.) Holding arrowsand a knife. {German picture.)

Butler, Surius, Bollandists, Rom.and Ger. Marts.

St. Oudard. SeeSt. Odo

(June 19).

St. Oudoc, or Oudoceus,B., of LlandafF

C. Late 6th cent. (July 2).

Nephew of St. TeUo, secondBishop of Llandaif, whom hesucceeded in the see. Butler,

Wharton, Usher, Lohineau,Wilson, Wytford, etc.

St. Ouen of RouenB. 683 (Aug. 24). Blessing

a chUd, standing by a well.

{Window, Rouen Cathedral.) Ashipwreck near him. {Ibid.)

Open book and pastoral staff,

right hand blessing. {XV. cent,

window, St. Ouen, Rouen.) Hiscoffin in a boat. {Cahier.) Cross

appearing in the air. {Ibid.)

Butler, Surius, Bollandists, Rom.and Gall. Marts.

St. Ouil. SeeSt. Augulus

(Feb. 7?|

St. Owen of LastinghamMk. Late 7th cent. (Mar. 4).

Accompanied Queen Ethel-

dreda from East Angha andbecame the governor of her

household. Renoiracing the

world, he entered the monasteryof St. Chad at Lastingham,

where he died, St. Chad having

foretold his death. Bede; Ang.

and Bene. Marts.

* There is possibly some confusion

between this saint and St. Lucy,who has the same symbol (though

not the same abbess' s robes) andwhois commemorated on the same day.

This confusion may bear on the

tradition that St. Othiha was bornbUnd, but recovered her sight at

baptism. Butler, Mabillon, Ado,Molanus, Rom. Mart.

N

St. Oyend. SeeSt. Eugendus

(Jan. iT

St. Ozias. See St. Orcas(N.D.)

St. Pachomius of EgyptAb. c. 348 (May 14). Angelappearing to him. {Callot.)

Angel bnnging him a monasticrule. {Cahier.) Walking amongserpents. {Ibid.) Butler, Tille-

mont, Ceillier, Helyot, Pape-broke, Bede, Usuardus, Ado,Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Pacian of SpainB. 4th cent. (Mar. 9). Bishopof Barcelona and religious

writer. Some of his works are

still extant. His son, FlavinsDexter, Chamberlain to theEmperor Theodosius, was anintimate friend of St. Jerome.Butler, St. Jerome, Ceillier, Tille-

mont. Ado, Nother, Rom. Mart.

St. PacificusC. 1721 (n.d.) Cross and lily.

{Cahier.)

St. Padarn of VannesB. 560 (Apr. 15). Bom in

Brittany, he emigrated to Walesand entered the college of St.

Iltutus, afterwards foimding thesee of Llanbodam, in Cardigan-shire, of which he became first

Bishop. Twenty-one years later

he returned to Brittcmy andbecame Bishop of Vannes, but,

unable to agree with the otherArmorican bishops, he tookrefuge with the Franks anddied in retirement. John of

Tynemouth, Porter, Wytford,A Iford.

St. PaesisM. Companion of St. Timolaus(Mar. 24), q.v.

St. Pair. SeeSt. Paternus

(Apr. 15).

St. Palsemon of EgyptH.C. 4th cent. (Jan. 11). Re-ceiving St. Pachomius. {P&res

des Deserts.) Winding off skeins

of thread. {Cahier.) Life of

St. Pachomius.

St. PalladiaM. Companion of St. Susanna(May 24), q.v.

St. Palladius of Orleans634 (Apr. 10). Bishop of

Auxerre.

St. Palladius, or Pallais,

of SaintesB. c. 600 (Oct. 7). Was present

as Bishop of Saintes at the

synod of Paris in 573. He also

erected the churches of St

Martin and SS. Peter and Paulat Saintes, and translated

97

thither thebody of St. Eutropius(Apr. 30). Gregory of Tours,

Gall. Marts.

St. Palladius, Apostleof Scotland

B. c. 450 (July 6). Episcopalvestments, red cope and gloves.

{Engraving.) Butler, Usher,

Keith, Bollandists.

St. Palladius of SyriaH. Late 4th cent. (Jan. 28).

A friend of Simon the Ancient.The only legend surviving of

his Ufe is that he is said to havecaused a dead man to point outhis murderer. Theodoret.

St. Pallets. SeeSt. Hippolytus

(Feb. 31.

St. PalmatiusM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. PalmatiusM. Companion of St. Cale-

podius (May 10), q.v.

St. Pambo of NitriaAb. 385 (Sept. 6). A pupil of

St. Antony the Great. Afterleaving his master he settled

in the Nitrian deserts, where helived by making baskets, onlyleaving his cell when desired bySt. Athanasius to visit Alex-andria and confute the Arians.Butler, Palladius, Rufinus, Sozo-men, Tillemont, etc.

St. PamboM. Companion of St. Marcian(June 5), q.v.

St. Pamphilius of theAbruzzi

7th cent. (Apr. 28). Bishop of

Solmona.

St. Pamphilus, P., andCompanions, ofCaesareaMM. 309 (June i). A razorin his hand. {Attrtb. der Heil.)

Butler, Ceillier, Eusebius, St.

Jerome, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Pancharius ofNicomedia

M. 3rd cent. (Mar. 19). Asecretary to the EmperorMaximian. Refusing to re-

nounce his faith, he wasscourged and put to the swordby his master's orders. Gk.Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Pancras, or

Pancratius, of RomeM. 304 (May 12). Banner, withcross and palm. {Engraving.)

Sword and stone in his hands.{Die Heiligenbild.) Youthcrowned ; holding book andpalm ; Saracen underfoot.{Brass of Prior Nelond Cow-fold.) Boy, with sword and

Saints and their Emblemspalm. [Baring-Gould.) Butler,

St. Gregory of Tours, Rom. Mart,

St. Pancras of TaorminaB.M. istcent. (Apr. 3). Apostle

of Sicily. Said to have been sent

by St. Peter to preach the

Gospel in Sicily, where he wasstoned to death for throwing

idols into the sea. Ado, Notker,


St. PansemnePen. Companion of St. Theo-phanes (June 10), q.v.

St. Pantaenus. Fatherof the Church ofAlexandria

C. 216 (July 7). Lecturing

from a pulpit. (Icon. Sanct.)

Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius,

Ceillier, Ado, Notker, Rom.Mart.

St. Pantaleon ofNicomediaM. c. 305 (July 27). Bound to

an ohve-tree, has uplifted handsnailed to the trunk. (Jatneson.)

As the last, with sword at feet.

{Pictures, Venice.) Healing asick child. {P. Veronese, St.

Pantaleon, Venice.) Nail throughhis hands into his head. {Lib.

Cronic.) Pushed from a rock

with a pitchfork, (Callot.)

KiUed with a club. {Der Heyl.

Leb.) Stone tied to his neck,

{Attrib. der Heil.) Sword andvase. (Cath., Bonn.) Butler,

Bosch, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Pantalus of BasleB.M. 451 (Oct. 12). Is said to

have accompanied St. Ursula

and her virgins down the Rhineto Cologne. His hfe is probablyapocryphal, no mention of it

being known before 1155. Acta

Sanct., Ferrarius, Lubeck-

Cologne Mart.

St. Papas of PersiaCompanion of St. Narses(Nov. 30), q.v.

St. Papas of LycaoniaM. c. 300 (Mar. 16). Mar-tyred in the Maximian persecu-

tion by being scourged andthen driven through the streets

of Laranda with horseshoes

nailed to his feet. Gk. Men.,

Rom. Mart.

St. Paphnutius of

EgyptB.Cf. c. 350 (Sept. 11). Workingin the mines. {Callot.) Angelgiving hitn a monastic rule.

(Ikon.) Butler, Stilting, Copt,

and Rom. Marts.

St. Paphnutius of the

ThebaidM. c. 303 (Sept. 24). Bound to

a paim-tree. {Icon. Sanct.)

Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. (on

Sept. 25).

St. Papias of PhrygiaB. Early 2nd cent. (Feb. 22).

Bishop of Hierapolis, where he

was visited by the daughters

of St. Phihp the Apostle. Hewrote a work, " Tlie Interpreta-

tion of Our Lord's Declaration."

Eusebius, St. Jerome, Rom. Mart.

St. PapiasM. Companion of St. Peregrinus

(July 7). ^-v-

St. PapiasM. Companion of St. Paul

(Jan. 18), q.v.

St. PapiasM. (Feb. 25). Companion of St.

Victorinus, q.v. Was cast into

the sea with a stone about his

neck during the Decian per-

secution.

St. Papoule. SeeSt. Papulus

(Nov. 3).

St. Pappian of SicilyM. c. 250 (June 28). Martyredat Mylas during the Decianpersecution by being stretched

between four posts and beaten,

and then cast into boihng oil.


St. Pappolus ofLorrainec. 600 (Nov. 20). Bishop of

Metz.

St. Papulus of ToulouseP.M. 3rd cent. (Nov. 3). Mar-tyred at Louragais, a small

territory in Languedoc, nineleagues from Toulouse. Acts of

St. Saturninus of Toulouse, Gall.

Marts.

St. PapylusDn.M. Companion of St. Carpus(Apr. 13), q.v. Holding a cmb,pyre near him.

St. PapyriusM. Companion of St. Boniface(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. Paracodius ofToulouse

c- 239 (Jan. i). Bishop of

Vienne.

St. PardulphusAb. 737 (n.d.). Curing theblind. {Cahier.)

St. ParmenasDn. Late ist cent. (Jan. 23).One of the first Seven Deacons.

St. Parre. SeeSt. Patroclus

(Jan. 21).

St. Parthenius ofLampsacus

B.C. 4th cent. (Feb. 7 or May13). Killing a mad dog withsign of the cross. (Attrib. derHeil.) A Life by his contem-porary, Christinus of Lampsacus,Gk. Men.

98

St. Paschal I., Pope of

Rome824 (May 14). Successor to

Pope Stephen IV., he becamecelebrated for his care of the

churches in Rome and also dis-

covered the body of St. Cecilia in

the catacomb of Praetextatus.

Anastasius the Librarian, Rom.

Mart.

St. Paschal Baylon of

Villa RealeC. 1592 (May 17). Vision of

chahce and Host. {Ikon.)

Franciscan before the B. Sacra-

ment, his staff and bundle on

the ground. {Painting, Domeni-

chino.) As the last, B.V. Maiyappearing to him. (Hueberus.)

Keeping sheep. {Cahier.) But-

ler, Papebroke.

St. Pascharius of the

LoireB.C. 7th cent. (July 10).

Bishop of Nantes.

St. Paschasius Radbertof Soissons

C. c. 865 (Apr. 26). A pupil of

St. Adalhardt of Corbie (Jan. 2),

with whom he journeyed into

Saxony and founded the

monastery of New Corbie. St.

Adalhardt dying in 826, wassucceeded by Abbots Wala andIsaac, St. Radbert succeeding

Abbot Isaac. Butler, Sirmond,Menardus, Ceillier, Rom. andBene. Marts.

St. Paschasius ofToulouse

c. 313 (Feb. 22). A Bishop of

Vienne.

SS. Pasicrates andValentio, ofDoros-toriumMM. N.D. (May 25). Twosoldiers, natives of Silistria,

tried and beheaded by thepraetor Pappian. Usuardus,Ado, Notker, Gk. Men. (onApr. 24).

St. Pastor of Romep. 2nd cent. (July 26). Saidto have been the brother of

Pope Pius I. and to havewntten the Acts of SS. Puden-tiana and Praxedis. The aboveActs, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Pastor. SeeSt. Justus

(Aug. 12).

St. Pastor of AlcalaM. Brother of St. Justus(Aug. 6), q.v.

St. Paterius ofLombardy


Brescia.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Patermuth andCompanions, of EgyptMM. N.D. (July 9). SS. Pater-muth and Copres, two hermitssaid to have been condemnedby the Emperor Julian, thefirst to be cast into a fiery

furnace and the second to havehis tongue torn out by hotpincers, were miraculously de-Uvered from the fire. St. Alex-ander, a soldier standing by,was converted by the miracle,

and aU three were put to deathby the sword. Menology ofBasil, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.(on Dec. 17).

St. PatermuthesM. Companion of St. Peleus(Sept. 19), q.v.

St. Paternus ofAvranches

B.C. c. 565 (Apr. 15). Serpentsabout him. {Chris. Kunst.)Bringing water out of a rock.

{Cahier^ Butler, Mabillon,Fleury, etc.

St. Paternus. SeeSt. Padarn

(Apr. 15).

St. Patiens of MetzB. c. 152 (Jan. 8). In his

episcopal vestments. {XVI.cent, window. Metz Cath.) Hra-banus, Notker, Cologne and Rom.Marts.

St. Patiens ofthe Rhonec. 480 (Sept. 11). An Arch-bishop of Lyons.

St. Patier. SeeSt. Paternus

(Apr. 15).

St. Patricia of NaplesV. 7th cent. (Aug. 25). On a

pilgrimage with two com-panions. {Callot.)

St. Patrician ofScotland5th cent. (Nov. 28). Bishop of

Sutherland.

St. Patricius of BithyniaB.M. N.D. (Apr. 28). Bishop

of Prusa, he was condemned byJulius, proconsul of Bithjmia,

to be thrown into a vat of

boiling water, whence he wastaJcen out and beheaded. Butler,

Ruinart, Masschio, Canisius,

Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. (on

May 19).

St. Patrick, Apostleand Patron Saint of

Ireland465 (Mar. 17). Trampling on

serpents. {Molanus.) Chasing

reptiles. {Arbor Past.) Driving

serpents from a cave. {Callot.)

Serpents at his feet. {Ikon.)

A fire before him. {Attrib. der

Heil.) Font near him. {Cahier.)

Devil holding him in a fire,

angelj protecting him. {Pas-

sionael?) Butler, Bede, Usuardus,

Ado, etc., and all Western Marts.

St. Patrobas of

PateoliB. One of the Seventy, andcompanion of St. Philologus

(Nov. 4), q.v.

St. Patroclus of TroyesM. c. 272 (Jan. 21). Finding across in his hermitage. {Cahier.)

Bollandus.

St. Paul the Apostle of

RomeM. 65 (June 30, and his con-

version on Jan. 25). Holdinga sword, covering his right eyewith his hand. {XV. cent,

window, Doddiscombsleigh.)

Holding book and sword. {X.

cent, mosaic, Vatican; Rood-screens, Filby and Edingthorpe.)

Holding two swords. {Statue,

St. Sebalds, Nuremberg, Primer1516.) Resting on sword.{Roodscreens, Aylsham, Lessing-

ham, Belaugh ; Font, Stalham.)Holding a sword. {Roodscreens,

Tunstead, Ranworth, etc.) Threesprings where his head bounded.{Attrib. der Heil.) All. Marts.

St. Paul de Leon ofBrittany

B.C. 573 (Mar. 12). Fish witha beU in its mouth near him.{Cahier.) With a bell. {Baring-

Gould.) Cruse of water and loaf

.

{Ibid.) Driving a dragon into

the sea. {Ibid.) Butler, Bol-

landists, Lobineau, Le Cointe,

Breviary of Nantes, etc.

St. Paul of Constanti-

nopleB.M. c. 350 (June 7). Stole

in his hand. {Ikon.) Strangled.

{Blaise.) Butler, Socrates, Sozo-

men, Tillemont, Baert the Bol-

landist, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.,

St. Paul the New, of

ConstantinopleM. 766 (July 8). A layman who,protesting against iconoclasm,

had his nose cut oft by order of

the Emperor Constantino Cop-ronymus. Three days later,

ordered to trample on images

of Our Lord and His Mother,

he refused, whereupon he wasblinded and dragged over the

stones of the market-place imtil

he died. Baring-Gould. Vener-

ated at Venice.

St. Paul of the Cross of

RomeC. 1775 (Oct. 18). Founder of

the Passionists. Bom of the

noble family of Montferrat,

he joined the army, but, finding

he had missed his vocation,

retired and embraced the re-

ligious Ufe. Canonised 1867.

Mod. Rom. Mart.

99

St. Paul of CyprusM. c. 760 (Mar. 17). Condemnedby the governor TheophanesLardotyrus to be racked andotherwise tortured, and finally

buried alive for refusing to

stamp on a crucifix in the per-

secution of the iconoclasts. Gk.

Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Paul, the First

Hermit of Egypt342 (Jan. 15). 'Lions digging

his grave near him. {Fresco,

Campo Santo, Pisa.) Ravenbringing him a loaf. {Rood-

screen, Wolborough.) Dividing

a loaf with St. Anthony. {Cat.

Sanct.) Wearing a cloaJc of

palm leaves. {Solitudo.) Cloakof box leaves. {Molanus.) Close-

fitting garment of woven green

palm leaves. {Fra Angelico,

Predella.) His Life by St.

Jerome, Mod. Greek and Latin

Marts, (on above date) ; Bede,

AncientRom. and Cologne Marts.

(on Jan. 10) ; York Breviary

(on Jan. 29).

St. Paul the Simple, of

EgyptH. c. 350 (Mar. 7). A labourerfrom a village in the Thebaid,who became one of the first

disciples of St. Anthony. Pal-ladius, Rufinus, Sozomen, Gk.Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Paul and thirty-six

Companions, of Eg3rptMM. N.D. (Jan. 18). Thirty-seven Christian noblemen whodivided themselves into fourseparate bands, headed by SS.

Paul, Recombus, Theonas andPapias, going north, south,

east and west, to preach the

fospel. Arrestedbythegovemor,S. Paul, Theonas and their

companions were condemned to

be burnt, St. Recombus' partyto be beheaded and St. Papias'

party to be crucified. Butter,

Ruinart.

St. Paul of FranceEarly 5th cent. (Feb. i). ABishop of Trois-Chateaux.

St. Paul of LatrusH. 956 (Dec. 20). Son of anofficer in the Grecian fleet, onhis father's death he placedhimself under the instruction

of the Abbot of Carya, on Mt.Latrus, where he became arecluse, being himself elected

Abbot of the laura. Butler,

Papebroke, Fleury.

St. Paul of NarbonneB.C. ist cent. (Mar. 22). Said

to be the same with Sergius

Paulus the proconsul, convertedin the island of Cjrprus by St.

Paul the Apostle. St. Jerome,Gall, and Rom. Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Paul I. of Rome

Pope. 767 (June 28). A Romanby birth, ordained deacon byPope Zacharius, together withhis brother Stephen, whom hesucceeded in the Papal Chair.

Anasiasius the Librarian, Rom.Mart.

St. Paul of IcelandB. 1211 (Nov. 19). Educatedin England, he was the nephewof Thorlac, whom he succeededas Bishop of SkaJholt. Icelandic

Necrology, Saga of the Bishops.

St. Paul of VerdunB. c. 631 (Feb. 8). Holding a

taper. (Cahier.) Working at anoven. [Ibid.) Butler, Hen-schenius, Usuardus, Bollandus,

Rom. Mart.

St. PaulM. Brother of St. John (June

26), q.v.

St. PaulM. Companion of St. Pam-philus (Jtme 1), q.v.

St. PaulM. Companion of St. Peter

(May 15), q.v.

St. PaulC. Companion of St. Thea(July 25), q.v.

St. PaulM. Companion of St. Theo-dulus (Jan. 14), q.v.

St. Paula of BethlehemW. 404 (Jan. 26). Pilgrim

leading her daughter. (Callot.)

Book, black veil fringed with

gold. {Nat. Gal.) Sponge in

hand. (Cahier.) Prostrate before

the cave of Bethlehem. (Ibid.)

Butler. Ado, Usuardus, St.

Jerome, Rom. Mart.

St. Paula Barbata of

Avita in SpainV. N.D. (Feb. 20). Woman with

a long beard obtained by prayer.

{Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Paulina of RomeM. 3rd cent. (June 6). Cast

into a pit and covered with

stones.

St. Paulinus, Patriarch

of AquileiaC. 804 (Jan. 28). Bom near

Frinli, he was brought up as ahusbandman. Self - educated,

he attracted the attention of

Charlemagne, whose councils he

attended at Aix-la-Chapelle,

Ratisbon and Frankfort. But-

ler, Bollandus, Ceillier, etc,

St. Paulinus, B., andCompanions, of LuccaMM. ist cent. (July 12). St.

Pauhnus is traditionally_de-

scribed as having been ordained

Bishop by St. Peter and sent to

Lucca, where, with the priest

Severus and a deacon namedLuke, he was tortured and slain

by the governor Anulinus in

the persecution of Nero. Thewhole story is probably apocry-

phal, dating from the discovery

of his alleged sarcophagus at

Lucca in 1261. Mod. Rom.Mart.

St. Paulinus of NolaB. c. 431 (Jvine 22). Preaching

to the poor. (Callot.) Giving

alms ; spade at his side. (Old

engraving.) Holding model of

a church. (Cahier.) Butler,

Tillemont. Ceillier, Remondi,

Rom. Mart.

St. Paulinus of TrevesB. 360 (Aug. 31). Succeeded

to the see of Treves on the

death of his former instructor,

St. Maximian. He was banished

to Phrygia, where he died for his

opposition to the Arian heresy.


St. Paulinus of YorkAbp. C. 644 (Oct. 10). Hold-

ing church on a book, a stone

cross beside him. (Engraving.

)

Butter, Bede, Ado, Notker, Yorkand Hereford Breviaries, Rom.Mart.

St. Peditac. 480 Sister to St. Cledog

(Aug. 19), q.v.

St. Pedrwn. See

St. Padarn(Apr. 15).

St. Pega, Pege or Pee,

of NorthantsV. 719 (Jan. 8). Sister to St.

Guthlac of Croyland (Apr. 11),

she lived for some time in retire-

ment in Northamptonshire, in

the village of Pequirk (formerly

Peagkirk), but died on a pil-

grimage at Rome. She wastitular saint of a church andmonastery in Pegeland, whichSt. Edward the Confessor united

to Croyland. Butler, Harpsfield,

Felix of Croyland, Florence of

Worcester, Ordericus Vitalis,

Ang. Marts., etc.

St. PegasiusN.D. (Nov. 2). Bound to a pile

of wood to be burnt. (Icon.

Sanct.)

St. Pelagia of

AntiochV.M. 311 (June 9). Is said to

have committed suicide at the

age of fifteen, either by drown-ing or by throwing herself fromthe roof of a house,* whenarrested by soldiers in the

Numerian persecution.

* See footnote to St Pelagia thePenitent of Antioch (Oct. 8). But-ler, Janningthe Bollandist, Eusebius,

St. Chrysostom, Gh. Men., Rom.Mart., etc.

100

St. Pelagia the Penitent

of Antiochc. 457 (Oct. 8). Baptized, St.

Nonnus standing by her. (Das

Pass.) Listening to St. Nonnuspreaching. (Menology of St.

Paul.) As a religious, praying

before a church. (Ihid.) Kneel-

ing ;jewels on the groimd

before her. (Callot.) Taking off

a necklace, mask at her feet.

(Cahier.) Dead in her cell.

(Solitudo.) Falling from a roof

or window. (Ikon.*) Standing

in a baptismal font, a bishop

baptizing her. (Passionael.)

In a font. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Pelagia of TarsusV.M. 3rd cent. (May 4). In a

bvdl of brass over a fire. (Callot.)


St. Pelagius of Phrygiac. 360 (Mar. 25). Bishop of

Laodicoea.

St. Pelagius ofConstanceM. 3rd cent. (Aug. 28). Plungedinto boiling oil before being

beheaded. (Cahier.) Wearingcap and fur-lined cloak, holding

palm and sword. (Window,Vincent Collection.)

St. Pelagius of CordovaM. c. 924 (June 26). Righthand cut off, sword in his left.

(Arbor Past.) Red-hot pincers.

(Ikon.) Rom. and SpanishMarts.

St. Pelagius of RomePope. N.D. Wearing a single

tiara. (XIV. cent, window. NewCollege, Oxon.)

St. Peleus, B., andCompanions, of EgyptMM. 310 (Sept. 19). The Chris-

tians condemned to the minesin Palestine having built little

oratories for the continuanceof their worship, their leaders,

SS. Peleus, NUus and Elias,

Egjrptian priests, and St. Pater-

muthes, a learned layman, wereburnt alive, and the others

separated by the orders of

Galerius, and again exiled to

labour apart in distant mines.Butler, Eusebius.

St. Pellegrini LaziosiC. 1345 (Aug. i). Our Saviourfrom the cross embracing himwith one arm. (Cahier.)

Bl. Pepin of LaudonC. c. 646 (Feb. 21). Son of

Carloman, husband of St. Idu-

berga (May 8) and father of

St. Gertrude of Nivelles (Mar.

17), q.v. Locally venerated at

NiveUes. Butler, Bollandus,Dom Bouquet.

* Probably an error for St. Pelagiathe Virgin of Antioch (June 9), q. v.

Butler, Ado, Menardus, UsuardtK,Gk. Men., Rom. Mart., etc.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Peregrine of NeversM. 3rd cent. (May 16). Bishopof Auxerre.

PeregrinusB.M. N.D. Preaching from aneminence. {Callot.)

SS. Peregrinus andLaurence, of ArezzoMM. c. 250 (June 3). Twopatrician brothers arrested in

the Decian persecution andbrought before Tiburtius,governor of Arretium, whooffered to set them free if theywould undertake not to pro-pagate the gospel. On theirrefusal they were beheaded.Usuardus, Notker, Hrabanus,Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Peregrinus, andCompanions, ofDurazzoMM. 2nd cent. (July 7). Aparty of ItaUans who, fljdngfrom the persecution of Trajan,declared their faith at Durazzoand were loaded with chains,taken in a boat on the Adriatic,and thrown overboard. Gk.Meneea and Menology.

St. Pernelle. SeeSt. Petronilla

(May 31).

St. PerpetuaM. 1st cent. (Nov. 4). Wife of

St. Peter and mother of St,

Petronilla. Some Latin Marts.

St. Perpetua, and Com-panions, of CarthageMM. c. 203 (Mar. 7). St. Per-

petua with a wild cow by herside. iCahier.) Ladder guardedby a dragon. {Ibid.) Butler,

Tillemont, Ceillier, Ruinart, St.

A ugustine of Hippo, Rom. Mart.

,

etc.

St. Perpetuus ofLimburg630 (Nov. 4). Bishop of

Maestricht.

St. Perpetuus of ToursB.C. 491 (Apr. 8). Directing

the bmlding of a church.

{Callot.) Butler, Florus, etc. (on

above date) ; Usuardus andRom. Mart, (on Apr. 2).

St. Perreuse. See

St. Petrock(June 4).

St. Peter the Apostle65 (June 29). Holding a key.


ham, and Roodscreens at Eding-

thorpe, Tunstead, Lessingham

and Stalham.) Crucified head

downwards. {Church of SS.

Neres and Achilles, Rome;Vatican, Giotto.) Three keys.

{X. cent, mosaic, Vatican.) Bookand two keys. {XII. cent, mosaic,Cath., Palermo; XV. cent, win-dow, Doddescombsleigh, Devon.)As the last ; book with words," Credo in Deum Patrem omni-potentem." {Roodscreen, Trunch.)Keys and scroU, with sameextract from the Creed. (F«i>-

ford.) Throned as a bishop.{Gian Bellini, Venice.) Keyand double-barred cross. {Seal

of convent, Lorsch.) Keys andchurch. {Ivory triptych, Brit.

Mus.) Two golden keys. {Win-dow, Stamford, Northants.) Onegold and one silver key. {Screensat Swafield and Wesiwick.)Keys and closed book. {Carving,Ypres Museum, Bromyard Ch.,

etc.) Holding a church. {Figureformerly on E. end of NorwichCath.) Holding church andtrampling on a devil. {Statue,

Old Carfax, Exeter.) Bannerwith six roses, three keys in his

hand. {Mosaic, Lateran.) Onekey, papal robes and tiara andcrossleted crosier. {XVI. cent,

window, Kunstgewerbe Mus.,Berlin.) In pontificals, withpallium, but crowned as a king ;

church in his right hand andtwo keys in left. {Mural paint-ing formerly in St. Magdalen'sHospital, Winchester.) Keysand cross. {Benedictional ofSt. Ethelwold.) Keys held backto back so as to appear like aninverted cross. {Ckilgrove Ch.)Chained, in prison. {Roodscreen,

Biofield.) Weeping, cock crow-ing near him. {Guido, Pitti

Pal.) Scroll with :" Credo

in Deum patrem omnipotentemcreatorem codi in terrae." {Win-dow, Fairford.) AllMartyrologies.

St. Peter of AlcantaraC. 1562 (Oct. 19). Franciscanfriar, cross in his apron orbefore him. {Ikon.) A cross

made of boughs. {Revue deI'Art ChrStien.) Walking onwater with a lay brother, astar over his head. {MunichGal., C. Coello.) Cross of

Ught before him. {Hrabanus.)Scourge and instruments of

penance. {Colum. milit. Eccl.)

Dove at his ear. {Chris. Kunst.)Kneeling ; dove over his head.{Murillo, Aguado Gal.) Butler,

Helyot, Wadding, Rom. Mart.

St. Peter of AlexandriaB.M. 311 (Nov. 26). Our Lordappearing to him as a child in

tatters. {Callot.) Embracinghis executioners. {Weyen.) Inallusion to the Arian heresy.Butler, Eusebius, Theodoret,

Tillemont, Ceillier, Surius, Rom.Mart.

St. Peter of AstiC. N.D. (June 30). With aspade. {Baring-Gould.) Fer-rarius, Acta Sanct. Locallyvenerated at Asti.

101

St. Peter of theCampagna

1105 (Aug. 3). Bishop of Anagni.

St. Peter of CanterburyAb. 608 (Jan. 6). A disciple

of St. Gregory the Great andfirstAbbotof St. Austin's, Canter-

bury, he was drowned in the

harbour of Ambleteuse. Butler,

Bede, Eng. and Gall. Marts.

SS. Peter, Aphrodisiusand Companions, ofCarthageMM. N.D. (Mar. 14). Accordingto the Roman Martyrology,these saints suffered in theVandal persecution, but theevidences are very uncertain.

Aphrodisius is more probablyEuphrosius, and it is not clear

that St. Peter was ever associ-

ated with him. Bollandists,

Baronius, Rom. Mart.

St. Peter, P., and Com-panions, of CordovaMM. 851 (June 7). St Peter,

a priest, Walabons, a deacon,and four monks, Sabinian,Wistremund, Habentius andJeremias, presenting themselvesbefore the Mussulman Cadi ofCordova and declaring them-selves Christians, were all be-headed, St. Jeremias, an oldman, being scourged before his

death. Spanish and Rom. Marts.

St. Peter of Emilia405 (July 31). A Bishop ofRavenna.

St. Peter of KieffB. 1328 (Aug. 24). ConsecratedBishop of Kieff, and finding thatcity deserted owing to theMongol invasion, he removedthe see to Vladimir, and thence,imder the advice of Ivan I., toMoscow, where he fovmded theCathedral Church of the Assump-tion in the Kremlin. Muravieff,Russ. Kalendar.

St Peter and Com-panions, of LampsacusMM. 250 (May 15). St. Peterwas martjrred under Optimus,proconsul of Asia Minor, bybeing broken on the wheel andthen beheaded. SS. Andrewand Paul were stoned to death,and St. Denysa, or Dionysia,beheaded. Butler, Ruinart, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Peter of SavoyAbp. 1174 (May 8). A nativeof Dauphine, at the age oftwenty he took the Cistercianhabit at Bonnevaux, his examplebeing followed by his father andtwo brothers. In 1128 he was ap-pointed first Abbot of Tamies,and in 1142 was elected Arch-bishop of Tarentaise. In 1155he resigned his charge and

Saints and their Emblemsretired to a Cistercian monas-tery in Germany, but was re-

called to Taxentaise. Afterbeing sent on an embassy to theKing of England, he died atBellevaux. Butler, Le Nain,Rom., Gall, and Cistercian Marts,

St. Peter of SebasteB.V. 387 (Jan. 9). Son of St.

Basil the Elder and St. Emilia,and * grandson of St. Macrinathe Elder, he was brother toSS. BasU, Gregory of Nyssaand St. Macrina the Yoimger.Consecrated priest by his

brother, St. Basil, in 370, hebecame Bishop of Sebaste tenyears later and attended thegeneral council at Constantinoplein 381. Butler, Rufinus, Theo-doret, Tillemont, Gk. Men., Rom.Mart.

St. Peter Arbuez, ofSaragossaM. 1485 (Sept. 17). An In-

quisitor, beatified by PopeAlexander VII. in 1664 andcanonised by Pius IX. in 1867.

St. Peter BalsamM. 311 (Jan. 3). Was rackedand crucified at Aulane bySeverus, Governor of Palestine,

in the Maximinian persecution.

Butler, Ruinart, Bollandus,

Tillemont, Eusebius, Gk. Men.,Rom. Mart.

St. Peter Celestine ofRome

Pope. C. c. 1296 (May 19).

Tiara ; friar's habit ; dove athis ear. [Benedictine Ch.,

Liessies, Hainault.) Butler,

Papebroke, Rom. Mart.

St. Peter Chrysologus,of RavennaAbp. 450 (Dec. 4). SS. Peter

and Apollinaris presenting himto Pope Sixtus III. (Cahier.)

Dish in his hand. [Ibid. ) Butler,

Rubeus, Ughelli, Muratori, Rom.Mart.

St. Peter Damiani, ofFaenza

Card. B. 1072 (Feb. 23). Her-mit, with a cardinal's hat byhis side. (Ikon.) Praying before

a cross ; mitre and cardinal's

hat on the groimd. (PSres des

Deserts.) A scourge. (Aifrib.

der Heil.) Butler, Fleury, Hen-schenius, Ceillier, Rom. Mart.

St. Peter the Deacon of

Rome605 (Mar. 12). A monk of St,

Gregory the Great. (Mar. 12),

who saved his master's writings

from incendiaries after lus

death.

St. Peter Gonzales, or

St. Elmo of SpainC.O.P. 1246 (Apr. 15). Lying

in his mantle on hot coals.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Walking onthe sea with fire in his hand.{Cahier.) Dominican with ablue candle. (Baring-Gould.)

Butler, Touron, Bollandists,

Rom. and Sfn. Marts.

St. Peter IgneusB.C. 1088 (n.d.) Walking un-

hurt through pile of burningwood. (Cahier.)

St. Peter, the Martyr,of Milan

O.P. 1252 (Apr. 29). In blackhabit, holding a sword. (XV.cent, window, attributed to Bl.

James of Ulm, St. Petronio,

Bologna.) Knife in his shoulder.

(Fresoli.) Knife in his head.(Roodscreen, Hennock.) Knifein his head, sword in lus breast.

(XVI. cent, painting, d'Agin-

court.) As the last, and holdinga pahn. (Brera, Cima da Coneg-liano.) Head cleft with acurtal axe, dagger in left breast.

(Baring-Gould.) Killed by asword, three crowns over his

head. (Ch. of St. Dominic,Orvieto.) Three crowns on apalm branch. (Cahier.) Gashin his head, palm in his hand.(B. Angelica, Pitti Gal.) Kneel-ing, sabre at his feet. (Guercino,

Milan Gal.) Stabbed, and his

skuU cloven. (E. window. LongMelford.) Martjn-ed in a wood ;

angels appearing. (Giorgione,

Nat. Gal.) Writing " Credo " onthe ground with his blood, at

his martyrdom. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Large knife, or scimitar,

and book. (Roodscreen, Portle-

mouth.) Butler, Papebroke, Rom.and Dominican Marts.

St. Peter Nolasco, ofSpain

1256 (Jan. 31). Founder of theOrder of Our Lady of Mercy.St. Peter the Apostle appearingto him, crucified head down-wards. (Zurbaran, Madrid.)Angel showing him theHeavenlyJerusalem. (Ibid.) Olive branchin his hand. (Cahier.) Ray oflight on a bell ; image of B.V.inside. (Ibid.) Two angelscarrying him to the altar.

(Claude Mellan.) Chain in his

hand. (Colum. milit. Eccl.)

Chain and banner with redcross. (Sassoferrato.) Bannerwith red cross. (Raphael.)Butler, Baillet. Heylot. Rom.and Spn. Marts., etc.

St. Peter Paschal ofSpainB.M. 1300 (Dec. 6). Martyredat the aJtar. (Cahier.) Swordthrough his neck. (Ibid.) TheHoly Infant Jesus speaking tohim. (Ibid.) Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Peter of Poitou1112 (Apr. 4). Bishop ofPoitiers,

St. Peter Regalati of

AquileriaC. 1456 (May 13). In his

thirteenth year he entered the

Franciscan Order at VaUadolid,

and on a more rigorously ascetic

branch of the Order being

founded near Aquileria he

joined it, and later succeeded

its founder as head of the

Order. Butler, Henschenius.

St. Peter the Spaniardof BabuceH. N.D. (Mar. 11). Of noble

family in Spain, he was brought

up to the profession of arms.

On the day of his marriage heexperienced religion, and, taking

ship for Italy, built himself a

cell in the Campagna, and died

in retirement. Bollandus, Rom.Mart.

St. Peter Thomasius of

ConstantinopleM. 1366 (Jan. 29). An arrow.

(Ikon.) An olive branch.(Cahier.)

Bl. Peter Aldobrandinic. 1000 (Feb. 8). CardinalBishop of Albano.

Bl. Peter Cambian ofPiedmontM. 1365 (Feb. 2). A Dominicansent by the Pope as Inquisitor

General to Piedmont in 135

1

and stabbed by heretics in thecloister of the Franciscan con-vent at Susa. Rom. Mart.

Bl. Peter of CastelnauMk. M. 1209 (Mar. 5). Of anillustrious family in Montpelier,hebecame Archdeaconof Mague-lonne and was appointed papallegate to the southern provincesof France. Following on his

excommunication of Raymond,Count of Toulouse, for theAlbigensian heresy, he was mur-dered with a lance at St. Gilles

on the Rhone. Saussaye, Bene.Mart.

Bl. Peter Gambacortaof PisaH. 1435 (June i). Founderof the Hermits of St. Jerome.St. Jerome appearing to him.(Colum. milit. Eccl.) Bollandists(on June 14), Helyot, Butler,Rom. Mart.

Bl. Peter of LuxemburgCard. B. 1387 (July 2). Sonof Guy of Luxemburg, Countof Ligny, and Matilda of Chatil-lon, Countess of Saint-Pol, hewas given a canonry in theCathedral of Notre Dame, atParis, at the age of eight, andwas made Cardinal and Bishopof Metz at fourteen. His relics

are at Avignon. Ferrarius,Molanus, Bollandists (on above

102

Saints and their Emblemsdate) ; Butler and, Saussaye (on

July 5) ; Greven and Canisius

(on July 13).

Bl. Peter of SpainC. 1109 (Aug. 2). Dominican

;

the letters I H S on his closed

Hps. {Predella, Fra Angelica.)

BL Peter the VenerableAbbot of Cluny. 1156 (Dec. 25).

Of noble family in Auvergne,he was presented in childhoodto St. Hugh of Cluny (Apr. 29),and later became Pnor of

VezeUa. On the forced resigna-

tion of Pontius, Abbot of Cluny,he was selected as his successor

by Pope CaUixtus II., but wasafterwards turned out again byPontius, who resumed control

of the abbey by force. On his

excommunication and im-prisonment Peter returned to

the abbey, which he held till

his death. Rom. and Gall. Maris.

St. Peter the ExorcistM. Companion of St. Marcel-linus (June 2), q.v.

St. Peter of NicomediaCompanion of St. Dorotheus(Sept. 9), q.v.

St. Peter of PhoeniciaM. Gaoler and companion of

St. Ananias (Feb. 25), q.v.

St. Petrock of CornwallAb.C. 6th cent. (June 4). Hold-ing church, crosier in left hand.(Pulpit, Kenton, Devon.) Butler,

Capgrave, Lobineau, Colgan,

Borlase, York and Mod. Eng.Marts.

St. Petronilla of KomeV. 1st cent. (May 31). Holdingkeys. (Roodscreen, Ashton-on-

Teign.) Raised from her sick-

bed by St. Peter. {Masaccio,

Brancacci Chap.) Kneeling at

the feet of Christ in Paradise.

{Mosaic, St. Peter's, Rome.) Keyand clasped book. {Roodscreens,

N. Elmham, Trimingham.) St.

Peter with her at table. (Der

Heyl. Leb.) Holding a broom(Tab. de la Croix.) Receiving

the Holy Viaticum. (Callot.)

Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Rom.Mart.

St. Petronius of

BolognaB.C. c. 440 (Oct. 4). Bearded,

holding model of city of Bologna

with its two leaning towers.

(L. Costa, Bologna Gal.) Pray-

ing for the city to Our Saviour

in B.V. Mary's arms. (Guido,

Bologna Gal.) Butler, Rufinus,

Ceillier, etc.

St. Petronius of

Lombardy5th cent. (Sept. 6). Bishop of

Verona.

St. Phaebadius of GaulC. c. 392 (Apr. 25). Bishop of

Agen, he was a strenuousopponent of Aiianism at theCouncils of Rimini (359), Paris

(360), and Saragossa (380).

Butler, Tillemont.

St. Pharaildis of GhentV- 745 (Jan. 4). Gosling at herfeet or in her hand. (Molanus.)

A hen by her side and plate of

eggs ia her hand. (Statue, Brainele Comte.) Loaves in her hand.(Baring-Gould.) Molanus, Belg.

and Ger. Marts.

St. Philastrius of

LombardyB. c. 390 (July 18). A travelling

preacher and firm opponent of

Arianism, he vigorously opposedAuxentius at MUan imtil the

arrival of St. Ambrose as Bishopof that city, later becomingseventh Bishop of Brescia.

Butler, Surius.

SS. Phileas and Philo-

romus, of EgyptMM. 304 (Feb. 4). Phileas,

a noble of Thmuis in Egypt,being elected Bishop of thatcity, was tried in Alexandriaduring the Diocletian persecu-

tion. Pluloromus, a tribune,

being present, was so movedby his courage that he an-

nounced himself a Christian,

and they were beheaded to-

gether. Butler, St. Jerome,Eusebius, Rufinus, Rom. Mart.

SS, Philemon andAppia, of ColossaeMM. 1st cent. (Nov. 22). St.

Philemon is said to have beenconverted by St. Paul the

Apostle, arrested, with his wife,

Appia, during the festival of

Diana, buried up to their waists

in the soil and starved to death.


St. Philemon and Com-panions, of EgyptMM. c. 311 (Mar. 8). The tradi-

tion is that St. Appolonius, ahermit, being on his trial for

the faith before the judgeArianus, St. Philemon, a famousmusician, came to insult him,but, together with the judge andother onlookers, was converted

by the mart3n:'s meekness andconstancy imder trial. The saint

and his converts were all throwninto the sea together. The wholestory is probably apocryphal.

Butler, Rufinus, Palladius,

Usuardus.

St. Philetus and Com-panions, of lUyriaMM. 2nd cent. (Mar. 27).

Philetus, a senator, his wife

Lydia and their sons, Macedo,and Theoprepius, with Chro-

nides, a registrar, are said to

108

have been condemned by the

general, Amphilochius, to beplvinged into boiling oil. Theirdelivery by a miracle converted

their executioner, who was mar-tyred with them by the EmperorHadrian. Gk. Men., Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Philibert of

JumiegesAb. 684 (Aug. 22). Stilling astorm at sea. (Callot.) An ass

standing by him. (Husenbeth.)

Butler, Mabillon.

St. Philip the ApostleM. ist cent. (May i). Holdinga basket of loaves. (XV. cent,

window, Wintringham.) Boundto a T-shaped cross. (Ch. of

SS. Nereo and Achillea, Rome.)Crucified head downwards.(Gates of San Paolo, Rome.)Holding a long cross. (Albert

Diirer.) Basket in hand. (Rood-

screens, N. Walsham, Marsham.)Basket with bread. (Ringland,

Irstead, Lessingham, Tunstead,

Belaugh, Warstead. Biofield.)Two loaves and across. (Window,N. Tuddenham.) A knottedcross. (Wilhelm.) Tall cross.

(Brass, St. Margaret's Lynn;CoinsofBrabant, PietraPerugino,

etc., etc.) Three loaves in his

hand. (Roodscreen, Trunch.)

Cross and money in his hand.(Tab. de la Croix.) Tall cross

and book. (Diirer.) Devilsdriven away and idols over-

thrown from an altar by thecross. (Attrib. der Heil.) Serpentdriven from beneath an altar

of Mars. (Fil. Lippi, Sta. Croce,

Florence.) Spear and doublecross. (Husenbeth.) Tall cross

and scroll with his sentencefrom the Creed, " Inde venturas

est judicare vivos et martuos."

(FairfordCh.) AllMartyralogies.

St. Philip of Agyrap. 5th cent. (May 12). Son of

the Syrian Theodocius and his

wife Augia, he entered the

Church, and at twenty-onemadea pilgrimage to Rome, where hewas ordained priest by the Popeand sent on a mission to Sicily,

where he settled and died at

Agj^a. Usuardus, Ferrarius,

Rom. Mart.

St. Philip, and Com-panions, of AdrianopleMM. 304 (Oct. 22). St. PhiUp,Bishop of Heraclea, with thepriest Severus and Hermes, adeacon, were nailed to stakes

and burnt alive by order of thegovernor Justinus in the Dio-cletian persecution. Butler,

Mabillon, Ruinart, Tillemont,

Fleury, Rom. Mart.

St. Philip of AlexandriaM. 3rd cent. (Sept. 13). Fatherof St. Eugenia of EgyptfDec. 25), he was first Prefect

Saints and their Emblemsand then Bishop of Alexandria.He is said to have been assassin-

ated by hirelings of Perennius,

who, pretending to be Chris-

tians, murdered him in Church.Usuardus, Noiker, Rom. Mart.

St. Philip of Toulouse578 (Feb. 3 or Nov. 28). Bishopof Vienne.

St. Philip Beniti ofTodi

C. 1285 (Aug. 23). Two angels

with Ulies holding three crownsover his head. Ifiahier.) Withhis staff causing water to flowfor the baths which bear his

name. (Ibid.) Giving a garmentto a leper. (Florence Gal., A.del Sarto.) .Healing a possessedwoman. (Ibid.) Mitre and tiara

before him. (Piili Pal.)

Butler, Cuper the Bollandist,

Rom. Mart.

St. Philip the Deaconist cent. (June 6). Baptizingthe Ethiopian eunuch. (Salvator

Rosa.) Beside the eunuch in his

chariot. (Flemish grisaille panelin private possession.) AllMartyrologies.

St. Philip Neri of RomeP.C. 1595 (May 26). Founderof the " Congregation of Ora-

torians," 1551. Lily by his side

;

angel with open book on oneknee before him. (Statue, St.

Peter's, Rome.) B.V. Marysupporting the roof of his

chapel. (Cahier.) Childrenabout him. (Ibid.) Rosary in

hand. (Tab. de la Croix.) A Life

by A. Galloni, Butler, Papebroke,

Rom. Mart.

S. Philogonius ofAntioch

B. 322 (Dec. 20). A bishop, as

a lawyer, writing. (Icon. Sand.)Butler, St. Chrysostom, Gk. Men.,Rom. Mart.

SS. Philologus andPatrobusBB. 1st cent. (Nov. 4). TwoChristians of Rome mentionedby St. Paul and said to havebeen two of the Seventy disciples.

St. Philologus is described as

Bishop of Sinope, and Patrobus,

or Patrobulus, of PuteoH.

St. Philomena of RomeV.M. 303 (Aug. 10). LUy, palmand javelin. (Sabatelli, St.

Francesco, Pisa.) JaveUn andscourge; an anchor under hei

feet. (Statue, St. Gervais, Paris.)

Guerin and Girys " Vies des

Saints," Jameson.

St. Philomena of SanSeverino

V. N.D. (Julys). Her body wasdiscovered under the altar of

St. Laurence's Church at SanSeverino in 1527, and enshrined

by Bishop Antonio de Monte.

Her festival is observed locally

on the first Simday in July.

Ferrarius, Bollandists, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Philomenus of

AncyraM. c. 274 (Nov. 29). Feet,

hands and head pierced withnails. (Cahier.)

St. PhilonillaR. Companion of St. Zenais

(Oct. II), q.v.

St. PhiloromusM. Companion of St. PhUeas(Feb. 4), q.v.

St. Phink. See

St. Fyncara(Oct. 13).

St. PhlegonB.M. (Apr. 8). Bishop of Mara-thon and companion of St.

Herodion, q.v.

St. Phocas of AntiochM. c. 320 (Mar. 5). Serpentstwined roimd him. (St. Mark's,Venice.) Holding a serpent.

(Husenbeth.) All Latin Marts.

St. Phocas of PontusM. 2nd cent. (July 14). WasBishop of Sinope. His Acts are

described as a deliberate forgery,

and only distort and make un-rehable the little known of his

Ufe. At an early date his reUcs

were believed to be at Vienne, in

the County of Toulouse. St.

Jerome, Florus, Ado; Gk., Russ.

and Coptic Menceas, and all

Latin Marts.

St. Phocas theGardener of SinopeM. 303 (July 3). As a gardener,holding spade. (St. Mark's,Venice.) With a sword. (Ikon.)

Butler (on above date) ; Bol-landists (on Sept. 22).

St. Phoebe of Cenchreaist cent. (Sept. 3). A deaconessof the Church of Cenchrea, andpossibly a convert of St. Paul,by whom she was commendedto the Christians in Rome ashaving " been a succourer ofmany, and of myself also."

Rom. xvi. I, 2 ; Ado, Usuardus,Rom. Mart.

St. PhotinusM. Son and companion of St.

Maurice (Feb. 21), q.v.

St. PhotiusM. c. 305. Nephew of St.

Anicetus (Aug. 12), q.v.

St. PhronimiusB. N.D. Episcopal vestments,holding pastoral staff and book.(XVI. cent, window, Metz Cath.)Westlake.

St. PialaM. Companion of St. Fingar(Mar. 23). q.v.

104

St. PiammonH. N.D. Spinning. (Pires des

Deserts.) Ringing his chapel

bell. (Cahier.) His chapel

surroimded by boats. (Ibid.)

St. Piatus, Piat or

Piaton, Apostle of

TournayP.M. c. 287 (Oct. i). Carrying

his head cut oft. (Husenbeth.)

His body pierced with nails.

(Cahier.) Monk, bareheaded

;

book in right hand, maniple

on left wrist. (Window over

entry to his chapel, Chartres

Cath.) Butler, Stilting, Ado,

Usuardus, Tillemont, York and

Hereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart.

St. Pierius of

Alexandriap. c. 312 (Nov. 4). Sumamedthe Younger Origen from his

extensive learning and educa-

tional powers. According to

St. Jerome, he died in Rome,having survived the Diocletian

and Maximian persecutions,

but other accounts say that hewas martyred with his brotherIsidore. Usuardus, Ado, Euse-bius, St. Jerome, Rom. Mart.

St. Pigmanian, orPigmenius, of Rome

P.M. 373 (Mar. 24). Drownedin Tiber. (Gueffier.)

St. PiligrinusB.C. 991 (n.d.) Baptizingneophytes. (Cahier.)

St. Pinitus of Cretec. 180 (Oct. 10). Bishop of

Gnossos in the time of Dionysiusof Comith, who wrote him aletter on Church discipline

which, with St. Pontius' reply,

has been conserved. Ado,Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. PinnaCompanion of St. Inna, q.v.

St. Pionius, P., andCompanions, of SmyrnaMM. 251 (Feb. i). A priest

of Smyrna, racked and burntto death at the stake, withothers of his congregation, byPuintilian, proconsul of Smyrna,m the Decian persecution.Butler, Tillemont, Bollandus,Ruinart, Rom. Mart.

St. Piran. SeeSt. Kieran

(Mar. 5).

St. Pirminus ofRichenau

Ab. B. 753 (Nov. 3). Drivingserpents before Mm. (DasPassionael.) Driving serpentsthrough a river. (Passionael.)Serpents turned round him.(Attrib. der Heil.) Hrabanus,Rom., Gall, and Bene. Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Pius I., Pope ofRome

157 (July 11). Holding anoval medallion with I H S onit. {Weyen.) Butler, TiUemont,Rom. Mart.

St. Pius V.Pope. C. 1572 (May 5). Feet ofa crucifix withdrawn as the saint

tries to kiss them. (Cahier.)

Reciting the rosary. (Ibid.)

A fleet in the distance. (Ibid.)

Rom. Mart.

SS. Placidus andSigisbert, of OrisonsMM. 7th cent. (July 11).

Founders of the Abbey of

Disentes in 621. A local prince,

offended by the foundation,struck off St. Placidus' head.St. Sigisbert, who buried his

companion, is beUeved to havedied in 636. He is regardedas the apostle of the Orisons.BoUandists, Chur. Breviary.

Locallyvenerated in the Grisons.

St. Placidus, Ab., andCompanions, of SicilyMM. 541 (Oct. 5). Himg upby his heels over smoke. (Callot.

)

Pointing to his mouth with thetongue torn out. (Cahier.)

Holding a hair shirt. [Weyen.)A crescent or turban. Butler,

Usuardus, Ado, Hrabanus, St.

Gregory, Mabillon, Rom. Mart.

St. PlacidusM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Plato of AncyraM. c. 306 (July 22). Brotherof St. Antiochus (July 15), hewas tortured by fire and be-

headed by Agrippinus, Prefect

of Galatia. Rom. Mart, (on

above date) ; Gk. Menology (on

Nov. 18).

St. Plato of Constanti-

nopleAb. C. 813 (Apr. 4). Son of

the noble Sergius and Euphemia,his wife, he was educated byhis uncle, a treasurer of the

Emperor. At the age of

twenty-four he entered the

Monastery of the Symbols, and,

escaping the persecution of

Constantino Copronymas, wasoffered the bishopric of Nico-

media by St. Tarasius (Feb. 25),

but refused it and becameAbbotof the Monastery of the Sac-

cudion. Twelve years later,

being near his death, of an in-

curable iUness, he resigned his

charge to his nephew, St.

Theodore of the Studium

(Nov. 11). Butler, Papebroke,


St. Plato.

St. Piatus(Oct. i).

See

St. Plautilla of RomeMatr. 66 (May 20). Receivinga blood-stained veil from thehands of St. Paul. (Giotto,

St. Peter's, Rome.) Baptizedby St. Peter. (Cahier.)

St. Plechelm ofRuremund

B. 732 (July 15). An EnglishSaxon of noble family, bom in

the Scottish portion of Nor-thumbria. Taking orders, hemade a pilgrimage to Rome,and with St. Wiro (May 8) andSt. Otger the deacon conducteda mission into Lower Germany,where he is specially veneratedat Ruremund as the apostle

of Guelderland. Butler, BoUan-dists, Treves, Utrecht, Cologne,

and Belg. Brev. and Marts.

St. Plutarch and Com-panions, of Alexandria

202 (June 28). Pupils of the

school of Origen, martyred in

the persecution of Severus. It

is recorded that St. Origenvisited St. Plutarch in prison,

but the manner of his deathis not known. St. Serenus wasburnt aJive, as also were twowomen, SS. Herais and Mar-cella, the latter being the motherof St. Potamiana (see SS.

Potamiana and Marcella.) SS.

Hero and Heraclides wereexecuted with the sword, andS. Severus tortured and be-

headed. St. Basihdes, execu-

tioner of St. Potamiana, con-

verted by her sufferings, wasalso put to the sword. Butler,

Eusd)ius, Palladius, St. Jerome,Ado, Usuardus, Nother, Rom,Mart.

St. Poemen, or Pastor,

of SceteH. c. 451 (Aug. 27). Perhapsthe most celebrated soUtaiy of

the deserts of Scetd. Famedfor his gentleness and the

austerity of his life, he has beenstyled "The L^np of the

universe and the patron of

monks." Butler, BoUandists,

TiUemont, Gk. Men., Mod. Rom,Mart., etc.

St. PolianusM. (Sept. 10). Companion of

St. Nemesianus, q.v. Workingin a marble quarry. (Callot.)

St. PolicroniusB.M. (Feb. 17). Boimd to astake and stoned. (Callot.)

St. PolisiaBaptized by St. Emidius.

(Cahier.)

St. PoUio, Lector andCompanions, of

Pannonia304 (Apr. 28). St. Pollio holding

ajeweUedcup. (Muralpainting,

105

cemetery of Pontianus, Rome.)Butler, Ruinart.

St. Polycarp of SmyrnaB.M. c. 166 (Jan. 26). Tramp-ling on pagan. Antechap.,Mag.Coll., Oxon.) A funeral pyrenear him, dove hovering over it.

(Hulme.) Stabbed, and burntto death. (Callot.) Stabbedbefore or in a hot oven shapedlike an ox. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Burnt at a stake. (Lambrecht.)

Pile of wood in flames near him.(Ikon.) Butler, Eusebius, St.

Jerome, TiUemont, Ceillier, Rom.Mart.

St. Polychronius andCompanions, of PersiaMM. 251 (Feb. 17). A bishopof Babylon, with his priests anddeacons, battered to death withstones in the Decian persecu-tion. Rom. Mart.

St. PolychroniusH. Companion of St. Zebinas(Feb. 23), q.v.

St. PolycrosueH. Logs of wood on his headand shoulders, a monk readingby him. (P^es des Deserts.)

St. Polyeuctus ofArmenia

M. 259 (Feb. 13). A Romanofiicer who, declaring himselfChristian, was tortured andexecuted at MeUtene. Butler,


St. PompeiusM. Companion of St. Pere-grinus (July 7), q.v.

St. Pomponius ofItaly

c. 536 (May 14). Bishop ofNaples.

St. Pontianus of RomePope. M. c. 236 (Nov. 19).Successor to Pope Urban in

230, he was banished by MaxL-minus, in 235, to Sardinia, wherehe died a year later. Usuardus,Ado, Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. Pontianus ofSpoletoM. c. 180 (Jan. 14). Li a denwith hons. (Gueffier.) Angelsfeeding him. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Pontius, or Ponte, ofCimella

M. c. 258 (May 15). Son of thesenator Marcus and JuUa, hiswife, he was martjnred in theAlps in the Valerian persecution.His reUcs were translated fromCimella to the monastery ofTomieres, in Languedoc, after-

wards head of the see of St.

Pons de Tomieres. BuUer,BoUandists, Usuardus, Rom.Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Poppo of Stavelot,

BelgiumAb. 1048 (Jan. 25). Restoring

to life a man killed by a wolf.

{Ikon.) Butler, Bollandus, Rom.Mart.

St. Porcarius, Ab., andCompanions, of

ProvenceMM. 736 (Aug. 12). Abbotand monks of the monas-tery on the Isle of Lerins, mas-sacred in a Saracen invasion.

Gall, and Mod. Rom. Marts.

St. PorphyrinsM. N.D. (Sept. 15). A comediandeclaring lumself a Christian

before the Emperor Julian.

[Gueffier.)

St. Porphyrins of GazaB.C. 420 (Feb. 26). Of noble

famUy in Thessalonica, at the

age of twenty-five he went to

Egypt and entered a famousmonastery of Scet^. Five years

later, on a pilgrimage to Pales-

tine, he fell sick at Jerusalem,

where he was ordained priest,

and later, against his will, wasmade Bishop of Gaza. Butler,

Tillemont, Fleury, Chatelain,

Greek and Latin Marts.

St. Porphyrins ofCaesareaM. Companion of St. Elias

(Feb. 16), q.v.

St. Porphyrins of RomeM. Companion of St. Onesi-

phorus (Sept. 6), q.v.

St. Portianns ofAnvergne

Ab. C. 527 (Nov. 24). Breakinga cup of poison, serpent issuing

from it. [Gueffier.)

St. Posidonins of AfricaB.C. c. 500 (n.d.) Praying in acave illuminated by a streamof light ; basket of fruit before

him. [Pires des Deserts.)

St. Posidins, orPosidonins, of Calama,in Nnmidia

B.C. c. 432 (May 17). Paganidols broken down before hun.{Die Heiligenhild.) Butler, St.

Augustine, Papebroke, Ceillier.

St. Potamiana theYounger, of Alexandria

V.M. c. 303 (June 7). Sur-

named the Younger, to dis-

tinguish her from St. Pota-miana (June 28). Like her sheis said to have been a slave girl

and to have been martyred byimmersion in boiling pitch, at

the request of her master, in

the Maximian persecution. Pal-ladius, Gk. Men.

SS. Potamiana, V., andMarcella of AlexandriaMM. 202 (June 28). Motherand daughter, companions of

St. Plutarch (June 28), q.v.

Both burnt at the same stake.

{Callot.) St. Potamiana with a

crown in her hand. {Cahier.)

St. Potajtniana's breast cut off

and held in her hand. {Old

engraving.)

St. Potamon of

EgyptB.M. c. 341 (May 18). Bishop

of Heraclea, he was lamed andbUnded of one eye in the

persecution of Maximinus Dazaand clubbed to death under

Gregory, the Arian successor

to St. Athanasius. Butler,

Rufinus.

St. Potentianus, Abp.,of SensKneeUng, an executioner near

him. {Statuary, Chartres Cath.)

St. Pothinns, B., andCompanions, of LyonsMM. 177 (Jtme 2). Members of

the Church of Lyons, tortured

by fire and thrown to wild

beasts in the arena in the per-

secution of the Emperor MarcusAurelius. Butler, Eusebius. all

Western Marts.

St. Potitus of PisaM. Companion of St. Ephesus(Jan. 13), q.v.

St. PourcanusAb. 7th cent, (n.d.) Cupbreaking in his hand and a ser-

pent falhng from it. * {Gueffier.)

St. Praejectus, andCompanions, ofAnvergneMM. 074 (Jan. 25). Bishop of

Clermont, he was murdered, onhis return from the Court of

K. Childeric, by assassins in-

cited by one Agritius. Rodbert,

a Saxon, stabbed him, and oneof his companions dashed outhis brains with a back sword.Rehcs in the Abbey of Flavigny.

Butler, Bollandus, Mabillon.

St. PraepedignaM. Wife of St. Maximus(Feb. 18), q.v.

St. PraesidiusB. Companion of St. Dona-tianus (Sept. 6), q.v.

St. Praetextatus ofRouenAbp. M. 586 (Feb. 24). Incur-

ring the displeasure of QueenFredegonda, he was persecuted,

and finally assassinated, by herorders, whilst celebrating matinsin his church. BuUer, St.

* See Portianus (ante).

106

Gregory of Tours, Fleury, Daniel,

Rom. Mart.

St. Pragmaticus of

Burgundyc. 520 (Nov. 22). Bishop of

Autun.

SS. Praxedes andPudentiana, of RomeVV. MM. c. 150 (July 21).

Holding coins. {IX. cent, mosaic,

St. Prassede, Rome.) Takmg up

the blood of martyrs with a

sponge. {Pomerancio, Rome.)

St. Praxedes only. Standing be-

fore a tower. {Weyen.) Holding

a branch and basin. {Cahier.)

Butler, Bede, Rom. Mart.

St. Prest. See

St. Praejectus(Jan. 25).

St. Priamian of the

MarchesM. (Feb. 23). Bishop of Ancona.

St. Priest or Priels. See


St. PrimitivusM. Brother of St. Facundus(Nov. 27), q.v.

St. PrimitivusM. Companion of St. Getulius

(June 10), q.v.

St. Primitivus ofSaragossaM. Companion of St. Optatus(Apr. 16), q.v.

St. PrimolusM. Companion of St. Montanus(Feb. 24), q.v.

SS. Primus andFelicianns, of RomeMM. c. 286 (June 9). Com-panionsof St.Caprasius(Oct. 20),

q.v. Exposed to lions. {Husen-beth.) Angel visiting them in

prison ; one nailed to a post,

the other chained by his

neck to the wall. {Callot.)

St. Primus : Melted lead pouredinto his mouth. {Gueffier.)

Butler, Bollandus, Surius, Hen-schenius, Tillemont, all Rom.Marts.

St. PrimusM. Companion of St. Theognis(Jan. 3). q.v.

St. Principius ofSoissons

B. 5th cent. (Sept. 25). Sonof Emilius, Count of Laon andeldest brother of St. Remigiusof Rheims (Oct. i), he succeededEdibius as Bishop of Soissons.

Lives of St. Remigius andSidonius Apollinaris ; Rom. andGall. Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Prior of EgyptH. Late 4th cent. (June 17).

A native of Egypt and one of

the earliest disciples of St.

Anthony. Butler, BoUanciisis,

Palladius, Gk. Men.

St. Prisca of RomeV.M. c. 275 (Jan. 18). Lionat her side

;psJm in her hand.

ICallot.) Two Uons at her feet.

(Ikon.) Between two Uons.

(Husenbeth.) An eagle near her.

(Die Heiligenbild.) A sword in

her hand. (Attrih. der Heil.)

Refusing to worship idols.

(Gueffier.) Butler, Chatelain,

Rom. Mart.

St. Priscilla of RomeMatr. 1st cent. (Jan. 16).

Mother of St. Pudens (2 Tim.iv. 21), father to SS. Praxedesand Pudentiana (July 21). Rom.Mart.

St. Priscilla or PriscaWife of St. Aquila (July 8), q.v.

St. Priscus and Com-panions, of CaesareaMM. c. 259 (Mar. 28). ThreeChristians tortured and thrownto wild beasts during theValerian persecution. Butler,

Eusehius, Rom. Mart.

St. Priscus of CapuaM. 1st cent. (Sept. i). Is said

to have been the owner of the

house in which Our Lord in-

stituted the Blessed Sacrament,to have followed St. Peter to

Rome, and to have been mar-tyred at Capua. Rom. Mart.

St. Privatus of Mende,FranceB.M. c. 3rd cent. (Aug. 21).

Beaten to death by soldiers in

a cave. (Callot.) Praying in acave before a cross. (Icon.

Sanct.)

St. Prix. See


St. Prix. 8ee

St. Pretextatus(Feb. 24).

St. ProbaCompanion of St. Grimonia

(Sept. 7), q.v.

St. Probus of Emiliac. 173 (Nov. 9). Bishop of

Ravenna.

St. ProbusM. Companion of St. Tarachus

(Oct. 11), q.v.

SS. Processus andMartinian, of RomeMM. ist cent. (July 2). Bothbound to a hurdle. (Valentino,

St. Peter's, Rome.) Baptized

by St. Peter the Apostle.

(Trevisani, St. Peter's, Rome.)Scourged with scorpions. (Ikon.)

Butler, Tillemont, Crevier, Rom.Mart.

St. Prochorus ofNicomediaB.M. 1st cent. (Apr. 9). Oneof the first Seven Deacons, he is

mentioned in the Acts of theApostles with St. Stephen andSt. Philip. He was martyredat Antioch. Usuardus, Ado,Nother, Maurolycus, Gk. Men.,Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Proclus of Con-stantinopleAbp. C. 447 (Oct. 24). Anative of Constantinople anddisciple of St. John Chrysostom,he was ordained deacon andpriest by Atticus, and fromBishop of Cyzicus became Arch-bishop of Constantinople.

Butler, Marcellinus, Constantino-

politan and Russian Kalendars,Rom. Mart., etc.

St. ProclusM. Companion of St. Theodulus(Jan. 14), q.v.

St. ProcopiusAb.H. 1053 (July 4). A stag

taking refuge near him. (IkonTj

Kneeling before crossedbranches of a tree, a hind byhim ; crown and sceptre at his

feet. (L. Caracej.) Felling a tree.

(P^es des Deserts.) Veneratedat Prague on above date. Men-ardus, Surius and Bucelinus (on

April i).

St. Procopius ofCaesarea

Le.M. 303 (July 8). Incense

forced into his hand. (Icon.

Sanct.) Cross appearing to him.

(Cahier.) Thrown down from ahorse like St. Paiil. (Ibid.)

Butler, Eusebius, Usuardus,

Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Procopius of

AlexandriaDecapitated. (Statuary, Chartres

Cath.)

St. Proculus of BolognaM. c. 445. Leaning on sword.

(L. Monaco, Florence Acad.)

Sword and banner with cross.

(Francia.) Axe in hand.(Bolognese -paintings.) His headin his hands. (Ibid.) Jameson.

St. Proculus of

Burgundyc. 530 (Nov. 4). A Bishop of

Autun.

St. Proculus of VeronaB. 4th cent. (Mar. 23). Visiting

SS. Fironus and Rusticus (Aug.

9) in prison, he was arrested

at his own request, but, after

being beaten, was set free bythe consul Anulinus on account

107

of his extreme age. Mod: Rom.Mart.

(on above date) ; Mauro-

lycus, Greven and Canisius (on

Dec. 9).

St. Projectus. See


St. Prosdecimus, or

Prosdochinus, of PaduaB.C. c. 103 (Nov. 7). Blessing

a church in his hand. (Cahier.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. ProsdoceM. Companion of St. Domrina(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. Prosper of AquitainC. c. 455 (June 25). A laymanof Riez and secretary to St.

Leo the Great (Apr. 11), hedistinguished himself by a de-fence of St. Augustine writtenagainst the doctrines of St.

John Cassian. Rom. Mart.

St. Prosper of Emilia5th cent. (June 25). Bishop of

Reggio. During his twenty-twoyears' episcopate he is said to

have sold all his possessions for

the benefit of the poor. He wasburied in his own Church of St.

ApoUinaris at Reggio. Baring-Gould.

St. Protasius ofLombardy

352 (Nov. 24). Bishop of Milan.

St. ProtasiusM. Twin brother and com-panion of St. Gervasius (June19), q.v.

St. Protasus ofSwitzerland

650 (Nov. 6). A Bishop of

Lausanne.

St. Proterius, Patriarchof Alexandria

M. 457 (Feb. 28). Ordainedpriest by St. Cyril, he opposedDioscorus, his successor, onwhose deposition he was elected

to the see of Alexandria. Drivenbysome of Dioscorus' supporters

to take sanctuary in St. Quir-

inus' Church, he was stabbedto death in the baptistry, andhis body torn to pieces andbtimt. Butler, Evagrius, Theo-doret, Henschenius, Gk. Men.,etc.

SS. Protus andHyacinth, of RomeMM. 257 or 304 (Sept. 11).

Two eunuchs, servants of

Philip, Prefect of Egypt andfather of St. Eugenia (Dec. 25),

who are said to have professedChristianity with her and to

have been martyred underValerian or Diocletian. Butler,

Usuardus, Bede, Wandelbert

;

York, Sarum and HerefordKalendars, Rom. Mart., etc.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. ProtusM. Tutor and companion of St.

Cantius (May 30), q.v.

St. Prudentius of SpainN.D. (Apr. 28). Bishop ofTaragona. His life is full offables and miracles, and is veryuntrustworthy. Sfanish Marts.

St. Prudentius ofTroyesB.C. 861 (Apr. 6). A Spaniarddriven by the Moorish invasioninto France, where he waselected Bishop of Troyes ; hedistinguished himself by his

writings against predestination.Butler, CeilUer, Gall. Marts.

St. PsalmodH. d. c. 589 (Mar 8). Bom inIreland, he emigrated to Franceand became an anchorite nearLimoges, where he acquired agreat reputation for sanctityand miracles. Butler, EvereuxMart.

SS. Ptolemseus andLucius, of RomeMM. c. 165 (Oct. 19). St.

Ptolemseus, confessing himself

a Christian, was condemned to

death by the Prefect Urbicius.

St. Lucius, an onlooker at his

trial, commented on the sen-

tence as unjust and was be-headed with him. Butler, Ado,Usuardus, Notker, Eusebius, etc.

St. PubliusB.M. N.D. (Jan. 21). SucceededSt. Dionysius the Areopagite as

second Bishop of Athens, andafter his martyrdom was suc-

ceeded by St. Quadratus. Butler,

Le Quien.

St. Publius of Zeugma,in SyriaAb.H. (Jan. 25). Weighingsomething put into a scale byanother hermit. {Pires desDeserts.) Butler, Theodoret,

Rosweide.

St. Publius of SaragossaM. Companion of St. Optatus(Apr. 16), q.v.

St. PudensM. (May 19). A Roman senatorwho received St. Peter into his

house. He was the father of

SS. Pudentiana and Praxedes,and is mentioned by St. Paulin the Second Epistle to St.

Timothy. Rom. Mart.

St. PudentianaV.M. (May 19). Sister of St.

Praxedes (July 21), q.v. Cupin one hand, sponge distilling

drops of blood in the other.

{Print, after Correggio.)

St. Pulcheria of Con-stantinopleEmps. 453 (Sept. 10). Bearingsceptre and lily. (Ca/M)

Tablet with word. [Cahier.)

Butler, Sozomen, Tillemontt

Stilting, Pinius, Gk. Men.

St. Pulcherius. SeeSt. Mochoemoc

(Mar. 13).

St. Quadratus ofAthens

B.C. c. 130 (May 26). A dis-

ciple of the Apostles whose" Apology," a defence of theChristian religion, induced theEmperor Hadrian to relax his

persecution of the Church. But-ler, Eusebius, Tillemont, Gk.Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Quartus of BerytusB. 1st cent. (Nov. 3). A Chris-

tian of Corinth, he is said tohave been one of the Seventy,and later Bishop of Ber3rtus.

Usuardus, Notker, Russ. Kalen-dar, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

SS. Quatuor Coronati,of RomeMM. 304 (Nov. 8). Fourbrothers holding office in Romeunder Diocletian. Refusing tosacrifice to Aesculapius, theywere scourged to death withleaded whips and their bodiescast to the dogs, but were savedby the Christians and buriedon the Lavican Way. Usuardus,Bede, Ado ; Sarum, York, Here'ford and Durham Kalendars

;

Rom. Mart.

The Quatuor Coronatiof RomeMM. 304 (Nov. 8). SS. Severus,Severianus, Carpophorus andVictorinus, brothers. As car-

penters, with rule, square andother tools at their feet. [Old

painting.) Butler, Usuardus,Bede; Sarum, York and HerefordBreviaries, Rom. Mart.

St. Quay. SeeSt. Kenan

(Nov. 5).

St. Queranus. SeeSt. Kieran

(Sept. 9).

St. Quinidius ofVaucluse

c. 578 (Feb. 15). Bishop ofVaison.

St. Quintian of Aveyron527 (Nov. 10). A Bishop ofRodez.

St. Quintilian ofAuvergne527 (Nov. 13). Bishop ofClermont.

St. QuintilianM. Companion of St. Maximus(Apr. 13), q.v.

108

St. Quintilian of

SaragossaM. Companion of St. Optatus

(Apr. 16), q.v.

St, Quintin, or Quentin,

of AmiensM. 286 (Oct. 31). Broken wheel

at his feet (Callot.) Hands in

stocks, nails in his shoulders.

{MS. Hours.) A spit. {French

and Flemish pictures.) Spit in

ring hand, in left a red heart

with a white cross on it. {Glass.

Labarte's Hist, des Arts In-

dustriels.) Nailed in a chair

by his hands and thighs.

{Cahier.) As a deacon. {Mo-lanus.) His body washed upfrom the sea. {Icon. Sanct.)

Hands and feet fettered. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Angel removing his

fetters. {Weyen.) In military

costume, holding two spits. Orholding a palm, two spits

through his shoulders. {Baring-

Gould.) Boiled in a cauldron.

{Window, Chartres Cath.) Butler,

Surius, Tillemont, Usuardus,Ado, Notker, Wandelbert;Sarum, York and HerefordBreviaries, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Quintin of ToursM. Late 6th cent. (Oct. 4).

A ijative of Meaux who emi-grated to Paris, where the wifeof his master had him assassin-

ated for rejecting her overtures.Tours Breviary, Gall. Marts.

St. Quiquenvat. SeeSt. Cucuphas

(July 25).

St. Quiriacus of TrevesP.C. c. 362 (Aug. 23). Stabbedin the back. {Der Heil. Leb.)

Holding one hand cut oft.

{Attrib. der Heil.)

St. QuiriacusB. Companion of St. Censurinus(Sept. 5), q.v.

St. Quiricus. SeeSt. Cyriacus

(June 16).

St. Quirinus of CroatiaB.M. c. 309 (Jime 4). A mill-

stone. {A.Durer.) Thrown intoa river tied to a millstone.

{Gueffler.) Butler, Surius, Ruin-art, Tillemont, Usuardus, Notker,Rom. Mart.

St. Quirinus ofRome

M. 269 (Mar. 25). He wasexecuted with the sword inprison and his body thrown intothe Tiber, whence it was re-

covered by a priest namedPastor and buried in the ceme-tery of Pontianus, whence it

was translated to Tegemsee inBavaris. Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Quirinusthe Tribuneof RomeM. 130 (Mar.

30J.In complete

armour, holdmg standard

charged with nine roundels.

{German -picture, Jameson.)

Shield charged with six roundels.

{Atirih. der Heil.) His tonguecut out and thrown to a hawk.{Ibid.) Dragged by horses.

{Ibid.) Shield with nine roundels;

palm, horse and hawk near him.

{Boisseree Gallery.) Usuardus,

Ado, Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Quirinus. See

St Judas of Quiriacus(May 4).

St. QuirinusM. Companion of St. Nicasius(Oct. 11), q.v.

St. Quiteria of GasconyV.M. N.D. (May 22), Tradi-

tionally beUeved to have beenthe daughter of a prince in

Spanish Galicia who. retreat-

ing to the valley of Aire to live

as a recluse, was beheaded bya body of soldiers sent in

search of her. Bordeaux Brevi-

ary, Gall., Spanish and Portu-

guese Marts.

St. Quodrultdeus of

Naples5th cent. (Oct. 26). A Bishop of

Carthage deprived of his see,

stripped of Ws goods and exiled

to Naples in the Vandal per-

secution under Genseric. Rom.Mart, (on above date) ; Ado (on

Nov. 28) ; Neapolitan Kalendar

(on Feb. 19).

St. Quoquofatis. See

St. Cucuphas(July 25).

St. Radbod of UtrechtB.C. 918. (Nov. 29). B.V. Maryassisting him at his death.

{Cahier.) Butler, Usuardus,

Molanus, Mabillon, Bene.

Marts.

St. Radegund of

AugsburgV. Late 13th cent. (Aug. 13).

A serving maid, two wolves

by her. {Ikon.) Wild beasts

about her. {Ibid.) Visiting the

sick. (Icon. Sanct.) Raderus,

Acta Sanct. LocaJly venerated

ia Suabia and Augsburg.

St. Radegund of

PoitiersQ. 587 (Aug. 13). Crowned,

mantle with fleurs-de-lis. {Win-

dow, St. Radegund, Poitiers.)

Ibid., her sceptre tipped with a

fleur-de-lis. (Ibid.) Ibid.,

crosier and book. {Seal of her

abbey, Bradsole, Kent.) Ibid.,

veiled, captive kneeling holding

broken fetters. (Jameson.) OurSaviour speaking to her.

(Cahier.) In a field of ripe oats.

(Ibid.) Holding a cross. (Ibid.)

Chain round her ; holding adiscipline. (Weyen.) Whiteheaddress, tunic with fleur-de-

lis, mantle with castles.

(Windows, St. Radegund,Poitiers.) Crowned, city of

Poitiers behind her, model of

it in her hands. (N. aisle, St.

Radegund, Poitiers.) Crown at

her feet. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Gall., Belg. and Rom. Marts.

St. Radulphus ofBourgesAbp. C. 866 (June 21). Ofthe Royal blood of France, sonof the Count of Cahors and Lordof Turenne, he was made Arch-bishop of Bourges in 840. Dur-ing his occupation of the see

he founded seven monasteries.

Butler, Mabillon, Ado, Ceillier.

St. Ragnbert, orRembert, of BrouM. 675 (Jime 13). Son of DukeRadbert, he was murdered byassassins instigated by Ebroin,

mayor of the jialace, under K.Thierry, by being run throughwith a lance. Breviary of St.

Rembert's Abbey, Gall. Marts.

St. Ragnfried, orRagenfredis, ofValenciennes

Abs. c. 803 (Oct. 8). Daughterof St. Regina (July i) and first

Abbess of Denain, an abbeyfounded by her mother.

St. Ragnulf, Rainouor Rainofle, of Louvain

V. 7th cent. (July 14). Edu-cated at the Court of Dagobert,she ran away from a marriagearranged for her and tookshelter in the woods, where she

died. ReUcs at Aincourt, nearLouvain. Belg. and Gall. Marts.

St. RaineldisV.M. c. 680 (July 16). Draggedalong the ground by her hair.

(Callot.)

Ven. Raingarda of

AuvergneW. 1135 (June 26). Of noble

Burgundian family, on becom-ing a widow she entered the

Benedictine monastery of

Marsigny, where she became so

celebrated for the austerity andhumiUty of her life as to behonoured as a saint in Auvergne.

Butler, D Andilly.

St. Rainwold of

WestphaliaAb. looi (Jan. 7). Our Saviour

holding a lighted taper to his

eyes, when asleep, to cure himof blindness. (Cahier.)

St. Ralph. See

St. Radulphus(June 21).

109

St. Ranieri. See

St. Regnier(July 17)-

St. Raymond Nonnatusof Barcelona

Card. 1240 (Aug. 31). In the

habit of Our Lady of Mercy,

and crowned with thorns.

(Cahier.) Padlock on his hps.

(Ibid.) Moors or ransomedslaves around him. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Three or four crowns.

(Cahier.) Butler, Pinius, Helyot,

Rom. Mart.

St. Raymond of

CalatraveAb.C. 1163 (Feb. i). Founderof the Order of Calatrava.

Holding a baimer with cross-

sword, and trampUng on aturban. (Cahier.) Cistercian

Breviary.

St. Raymond ofCatalonia

C. O.S.D. 1275 (Jan. 23). In aboat, his cloak for a saU.

(Bologna Gal., L. Caracci.) Keyin hand. (Cahier.) B.V. Marywith Holy Infant appearing to

him. (Husenbeth.) Butler,

Bollandus, Rom. Mart.

Bl. Raymond Lulli ofMajorcaH.M. 1315 (June3o). A courtier

at the Court of King James of

Spain, he entered the Churchand spent his life in missions to

the Moors, by whom he wasstoned to death at Bona. A LifebySamarobrina, 1511. Veneratedin Majorca as patron saint of

the island.

St. Raynald of Umbria1225 (Feb. 9). Bishop of Nocera.

St. RecombusM. Companion of St. Paul

(Jan. 18), q.v.

St. RedemptaV. Companion of St. Romula(July 23), q.v.

St. Regina of BurgundyV.M. 251 (Sept. 7). In a boiling

cauldron, torches appUed to her.

(Callot.) Bound to a cross,

torches applied to her sides.

(Der Heil. Leb.) A chainedprisoner praying, dove on lumin-ous cross appearing to her.

(Bilder Legende.) Lambs orsheep about her. (Ikon.) Dove?Lymg to her. (Weyen.) Dovefljdng to her with a crown.(Cahier.) Fountain on the place

of her martyrdom. (Ibid.)

Peasant with book and hoe,

sheep and oxen about her.

(XVI. cent, stained-glass medal-

lion.) Butler, Saussaye, Suyskenthe Bollandist, Rom. and Gall.

Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Kegina, or Reine, ofFlanders

Matr. Late 8th cent. (July i).

Wife of Adalbert and motherof St. Ragnfried (Oct. 8), whomshe installed as first Abbess of

her Abbey of Denain. Molanus,Miraeus, Saussaye, Belg. Marts.

Bl. ReginaldO.P. 13th cent, (n.d.) KneeUngand offering his scapular to theB.V. Mary. {Ch. Carmelites,

Paris.)

St. Reginswinda ofLaufFen

V.M. c. 846 (July 15). Daughterof Ernest, a steward of theforest of Spessart, she wasstrangled as a child and throwninto the Neckar by one of herfather's servants. Specially

venerated in the diocese of

Wmrzburg. Ger. Marts.

St. Regnfledis. SeeSt. Wilgefortis

(July 20).

St. Regnier of DalmatiaM. 1180 (Aug. 4). Archbishopof Spalatro.

St. Regnier of PisaH. iioi (July 17). Bull nearhim. {Die Heil.) Dying in acoarse penitential habit. {CampoSanto, Pisa.) Angel annoimcingthe pardon of his sins. (Cahier.)

Recovering his sight at thefoot of a crucifix. {Ibid.) Stonedby a devil. {Fresco, Pisa.)

Jameson.

St. RegulaV.M. Sister of St. Felix (Sept.

11). Canying her head cut off.

{Window, Vincent Collection.)

Bound' to a tree, naked. {Ibid.)

Boiled in a cauldron. {Ibid.)

St. Regulus of AriesB. 4th cent. (Mar. 30). Kneelingbefore the executioner, a mitreat his feet. {Altar, St. Regulus,

Lucca.) Releasing captives fromchains. {Baring-Gould.) Frogsabout him. {Chris. Kunst.) Afoimtain near him. {Attrib. der

Heil.) A stag by him. {Ibid^j

Butler, Tillemont, Gall, and Rom.Marts.

St. Regulus of Irelandc. 788 (Oct. 16). Was Abbot of

Mac-Mis on Lough Derry. Celt.

Marts.

St. Regulus of ScotlandB. 8th cent. (Oct. 17). Said

to have been a native of Patrasand to have brought the relics

of St. Andrew to Scotland in

the reign of the Emperor Con-stantius. Dempster, Camerarius,Aberdeen Breviary, Celt. Marts.

St. ReinildaV. Companion of St. Herlinda(Mar. 22), q.v.

St. ReinoldusC. 960 (n.d.) Hammer in his

hand. {Ikon.) In armour.

{Chris. Kunst.)

St. Remaclus, or

Remade, of SpaB.C. c. 664 (Sept. 3). Exhorting

monks. {Abregi de la Vie SS.)

Church in hand. {Cahier.)

Ass laden with stones. {Ibid.)

A wolf at his side. {Baring-

Gould.) Ado, Wandelbert, Hra-

banus, Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Rembert ofGrermanyAbp. C. 888 (Feb. 4). Praying

near a battle. {Cahier.) Dis-

tributing pieces of the sacred

vessels to the poor. {Ibid.)

Butler, Mabillon, Henschenius,

Rom. Mart.

St. Remigius ofNormandy

c. 771 (Jan. 19). Bishop of

Rouen.

St. Remigius, or Remi,of RheimsAbp. 533 (Oct. i). Carrying the

holy oils. (Formerly in Chartres

Cath.) Birds feeding from his

hand. {Gueffier.) Dove bringing

him the holy chrism. {Arbor

Past.) Ibid., and Clovis kneeling

before him. {Statuary, Chartres.)

Ibid., fand Clovis in the font.

{Passionael.) Baptizing the

kneeling Clovis, dove with halo

hovering between them. {Flem-

ish stained-glass medallion.) De-livering a possessed man. {DasPassional.) Contemplating theveil of St. Veronica. {Burg-

maier.) Butler, Fleury, Ceillier,

Suysken ; Sarum, York andHereford Breviaries; Gall, andRom. Marts.

St. Renatus ofCampania

5th cent. (Oct. 6 or Nov. 12).

Bishop of Sorrento.

St. Renovatus of Spainc. 633 (Mar. 31). Was abbotof a monastery at Caulianabefore his election as Bishop of

Merida. Relics at the Church of

St. Eulalia, Merida. Span, andMod. Rom. Marts.

St. Reolus of OrbaisB. 693 (Nov. 23). Successorto St. Nivard as Bishop of

Rheims. Gall. Marts.

St. Reparata ofFlorence

V.M. 3rd cent. (Oct. 8). Hold-ing crown, book, and bannerwith red cross. {A. Gaddi,Florence Gal.) Dove issuingfrom her mouth. {Cahier.)

St. RepositusM. One of the twelve brothers(Sept. i), q.v.

110

St. RespicmsM. Companion of St. Trypho

(Nov. 10), q.v.

St. Restituta of

CampaniaV.M. c. 272 (May 27). An angel

over her head. {Attrib. der\Heil.)

St. Restituta of IschiaV.M. 3rd cent. (May 17). Stand-

ing in a burning shij) imhurt, the

fire destroying the incendiaries.

{Gueffier.) Papebroke. Specially

venerated at Naples. Rom. Mart.

St. Restitutus of AfricaM. 3rd cent. Pec. 9). Bishop of

Carthage.

St. RevocatusM. Companion of St. Perpetua

(Mar. 7), q.v.

St. Reyneldis, V., andCompanions, of

HainaultMM. 7th cent. (July 16).

Daughter of St. Amalberga andsister of St. Gudula, with whomshe embraced the reUgious Ufe.

She was murdered at Saintes

during the Hunnish invasion.

Belg. and Gall. Marts.

St. ReynolfaR. N.D. Angel conversing withher. {Solitudo.)

St. Rhais of AlexandriaV.M. c. 308 (Sept. 5). A girl

of twelve who, seeing a bodyof martyrs on their way to

execution, afiiimed herself aChristian and was executed withthe sword. Gk. Menology.

St. RhenusM. Companion of St. Montanus(Feb. 24), q.v.

SS. Rhipsime andGaiane, of ArmeniaW. MM. c. 268 (Sept. 29).

A Roman maiden and herinstructress who fled from the

Diocletian persecution andwere tortured with fire and cutto pieces in Armenia on therefusal of St. Rhipsime to marrythe tjrant Tiridates. ArmenianLives of the Saints ; Rom. Mart. ;

Gk. Men. (on Sept. 30).

St. RhodaHolding a palm. {XV. cent,

window, Langport.)

St. Richard of ApuliaB.C. c. 6th cent. (June 9).

Blessing the town of Andri, of

which he holds a model. {Cahier.)

St. Richard ofChichesterB. 1253 (Apr. 3). Book andepiscopal staff, chalice lyingon its side at his feet. {Engrav-ing.) A cross in his hand.{Cahier.) Ploughing. {Callot.)

PLATE VI

1

ST. REMIGIUS OF RHEIMS,

XVI. Century Stained Glass Medallion.In a private collection.

Kneeling, a chalice before him.{Husenbeth.) Butler, Capgrave,Papebroke, Eng. and Rom. Marts.

St. Richard of Lucca,K., of Wessex

C. c. 722 (Feb. 7). Pilgrim;

crown at his feet. {Arbor Past.)

As a pilgrim, with his two sons.

{Burgmaier.) Praying for therecovery of his sick son at awayside cross. (Lives of Saints,

Oxford.) Rom., Gall, and SarumMarts.

St. E-ichardaAb. 896 (n.d.) Handhng red-

hot ploughshares. {Cahier.)

St. Richarius of Abbe-ville

Ab. 7th cent. (Apr. 26). Fleurs-de-lis on his habit. [Baring-

Gould.) Butler, Alcuin, Hen-schenius, Usuardus, Wandelbert,Rom. Mart.

Bl. Richeza, Q., ofPoland

1063. Daughter of St. Ehren-fried (May 21), q.v.

St. Rictrudes ofMarchiennesAb. 688 (May 12). Church in

her hand. (Old engraving.)

Butler, MabiUon, Papebroke,Gall., Bene, and Belg. Marts.

St. Rieul. SeeSt. Regulus

(Mar. 30).

St. Rigo. SeeBl. Henry of Treviso

(June 10).

St. Rigobert of RheimsAbp. c. 750 (Jan. 4). A goose

near him. (Baring - Gould.)

Butler, Bollandus, Flodoard,

Rom. Mart.

St. RimaCompanion of St. Inna, q.v.

St. Rioch, or RiochusB. Brother of St. Mael (Feb. 6),

q.v.

St. RiquierAb. 645 (n.d.) Holding twokeys. (Cahier.) Fountain spring-

ing under his staff. (Ibid.)

St. Riquier. See

St. Richarius(Apr. 26).

St. RitaW. 1456 (n.d.) St. JohnBaptist appearing to her.

(Cahier.) Miraculous woundin her forehead. (Ibid.) Figs

and roses near her or in her

hands. (Ibid.)

St. Robert of DaleAbbey

13th cent, (n.d.) Shooting a

stag with a bow. (XV. cent,

window, Morley Ch., Derbysh.)

Saints and their EmblemsPloughing with two stags.

(Ibid.)

St. Robert of Knares-borough

H. 1239 (Sept. 24). Threaten-ing the devil with an asperge.

{Husenbeth.) Leading a cow.(ZF. cent, window in Knares-borough Ch.) Locally veneratedin Yorkshire.

St. Robert of MolemeAb. mo (Apr. 29). B.V. Marygiving him a ring. (Cahier.)

Butler, Rom., Gall, and Bene.Marts.

St. Robert of New-minster

Ab.C. 1159 (June 7). Holdinga church. (Husenbeth.) Butler,

Le Nain, Bollandists, Wytford,Capgrave, Molanus, Wyon.

St. Robert of SalentumC. 1341 (n.d.) Holding aninflamed heart pierced withtwo nails ; a cross appearingin the sky. (Colum. milit. Eccl.)

St. Robert Grostete1253 (Oct. 9). Bishop of Lincoln.

St. Robert of Rheims.See St. Rigobert

(Jan. 4).

Bl. Robert of ArbrisselFdr. 1116 (Feb. 24). Founderof the Order of Fontevrault.

Coat of mail next his skin.

(Ikon.) Our Lord crucified andSS. Mary and John appearing

to him. (Col. milit. Eccl.)

Butler, Lobineau, Chatelain.

Bl. Robert of ChaiseDieu

Ab.C. 1067 (Apr. 24). Soldiers

building his cell. (Cahier.)

Chahce and Host in his right

hand, palm in left. (Solitaire.)

His soul ascending as a globe

of fire. (Cahier.) Hanging his

gloves on a sunbeam. (Ibid.)

Church in his hand. (Ibid.)

Butler, MabiUon, Chatelain.

St. RocchusM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Roch of MontpellierC. 1327 or 1348 (Aug. 16).

Pilgrim pointing to plague spot

on his thigh. (XV. cent, window,

Litfleham, Devon; Roodscreen,

Stalham.) Pilgrim with plague

spot on his leg ; dog with loaf

in mouth beside him. (Venice

Gal., Tintoretto.) Ibid., angel

pointing to it. (Leuchtenburg

Gal., Carotto.) Pilgrim with

staff only. (Pitti Pal, A. del

Sarto.) Pilgrim, dog hcking his

wound. (Die Heiligenbild.) Pil-

grim with plague-spot and angel

holding a tablet with the words

:

" Eris in pesto patronus." Butler,

Pinius, Berthier, D'Andilly,

Mod. Rom. Mart.

Ill

St. RodingusAb. c. 680 ^ept. 17). FoimdedAbbey of BeauHeu in Argonne.Drawing gold coins from the

water with his crosier for apoor woman. (Cahier.) Butler,

Menardus, MabiUon.

St. RogatianM. Brother and companion of

St. Donatian (May 24), q.v.

SS. Rogatianus andFelicissimus ofCarthageCC. Late 3rd cent. (Oct. 26).

Mentioned by St. Cyprian as

having witnessed a good confes-

sion for Christ. Ado, Usuardus,Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. RogatusMk. M. Companion of St.


St. Roger of TodiC. d. 1236 (Mar. 5). A disciple

of St. Francis of Assisi, by whomhe was highly commended for

the spirit of charity he pro-cessed, and by whom he wassent into Spain. Butler, Wading,Henschenius.

Bl. Roger of Berri1368 (Mar. i). Archbishop of

Bourges.

St. Rognvald. SeeSt. Ronald

(Aug. 20).

St. Rolenda of GerpinesV. 5th cent. (May 13). Daughterof the Frankish prince Desi-

derius, she fled from marriagewith a Scottish noble to join

St. Ursula at Cologne, but fell

sick and died at Gerpines, nearNamur. Relics at Gerpines.

Dempster, Belg. Marts.

St. Romana of BeauvaisV.M. c. 303 (Oct. 3). Said to

have been a Roman maiden con-

verted by St. Peter the Apostle,

who was martyred wititi St.

Lucian (Jan. 8) at Beauvais. HerLife is apocryphal. Gall. Marts.

St. RomanusH. 5th cent, (n.d.) Stonesshowered upon him by the devil.

(Gueffier.) Loaded with chains.

(Ph'es des Deserts.)

St. Romanus of AntiochM. 304 (Nov. 18). Strangled in

prison. (Cahier.) Cross in

hand, standing before a river.*

(Chris. Kunst.) Dragon boundat his side * ; two personsby him,one holding the dragon's chain.

(Sculpture formerly at Porte

Boubreuil, Rouen.) See also

St. Romanus of Lucca (Aug. 9).

Butler. Ruinart, Tillemont,

Usuardus, Ado, Eusebius, Gk.Men., Rom. Mart., etc.

* The last two instances are thusassigned by Husenbeth, probably in

error for St. Romanus of Rouen (Oct.

23)-

SaintsSt. Romanus of AutunH. 546 (May 22). In his handa basket of bread hanging to acord with a bell at the other

end. {Cahier.)

St. Romanus of LuccaM. 258 (Aug. 9). His tongue

cutout.* (Icon. Sand.) Holdinga pitcher or jug. (Weyen.)

St. Romanus of RouenAbp. 639 (Oct. 23). Dragonwith his stole about its neck.

{XIV. cent, window, St. Ouen,

Rouen.) Stopping an inundationwith his cross. (Cahier.) Dragonor gargoyle by his side. (Attrib.

der Heil.) Butler, Le Cointe,

Gall, and Mod. Rom. Marts.

SS. Romanus andDavid, of VisigorodMM. 1015 (July 24). Honouredas patrons of Muscovy, their

remains were translated to

Visigorod in 1072. Butler,

Russian Marts.

SS. Romanus andLupicinus, of Condate,Jura

c. 460 (Feb. 28). Two brothers

who founded the monastery of

Condate and the nunnery of LaBeaume in the Jura. Butler,

Mabillon, St. Gregory of Tours,

Tillemont, Bulteau, Rom. andBene. Marts., etc.

St. Romaric of LuxeuilAb. 653 (Dec. 8). A courtier

in the reign of Clothaire II.,

he sold his estates for the poor,

founded two monasteries in the

Vosges and entered the Bene-

dictine Order at Luxeuil, after-

wards becoming Abbot of his

own abbey at Remiremont.Butler, Mabillon, Bulteau, Gall,

and Rom. Marts.

St. Romble. See

St, Romulus(Sept. 5).

St. Romedius andCompanions

CC. N.D. Three pilgrims, a

bear with them. (Bavaria Pia.)

St. Rompharius of

Normandyc. 586 (Nov. 18). Bishop of

Constances.

St. Romuald of ItalyAb. 1027 (Feb. 7). Founder of

the Order of the CamaldoU.Pointing to ladder with monksascending upon it to heaven.

(Vatican Gal., A. Sacchi.)

Vision of monks ascending twoand two without a ladder.

(Attrib. der Heil.) Holding the

model of a monastery. (Cahier.

)

* Possibly intended for St.

Romanus of Antioch (Nov. 18).

Butler, Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

and their Emblems\2L V,

Finger on his Up. (Baring-

Gould.) Butler, St. Peter Damian,

Rom. Mart.

St. Romula and Com-panions, of RomeVV. 6th cent. (July 23). Arecluse dwelling in a small

community in Rome who wasstruck with paralysis. St.

Gregory the Great relates somemiracles which happened onher death-bed. ReUcs at St.

Maria Maggiore at Rome. Rom.Mart.

St. Romulus of BourgesAb. 5th cent. (Dec. 25). Bornin Brittany, he settled in Berri,

where he foimded the Monas-tery of St. Peter at SouUgny,

and died at Sancerre. Bourges

Breviary, Gall Mart.

St. Romulus of Fiesole,

B., and CompanionsMM. c. 70 (July 6). Baptizingconverts. (Altar-piece, Allori,

Fiezole Cath.) Rom. Mart.

St. Romulus of GreeceM. c. 119 (Sept. 5). A chamber-lain to the Emperor Trajan, who,remonstrating against the exile

of soldiers who were Christians,

was beaten with rods and be-

headed. Russ., Armenian, Rom.and Gk. Marts.

St. Romulus of DiapolisCompanion of St. Timolaus(Mar. 24), q.v. In mitre andcope ; arrow broken in his

head. (Weyen.)

St. Ronald of theOrkneysM. 1158 (Aug. 20). Grandson of

Earl Thorfinn of Orkney andbrother to St. Magnus (Apr. 16),

he made a pilgrimage to Pales-

tine and was murdered at

Calder, in Caithness, by the out-

law Thorbiom. LocaUy vener-

ated in the Orkneys. OrkneyingaSaga.

St. Ronan of BrittanyB.H.. 6th cent. (June i). Hook-ing the devil's leg with his

crosier. (Cahier.) Devil biting

the staff of his crosier. (Ibid.)

Bede, Colgan. Specially vener-

ated at Quimper.

St. Rosalia of SicilyV. 1160 (Sept. 4). Writing her

name on the waU of a cave.

(Bilder Legende.) BasiUan mmholding double Greek cross.

(Baring-Gould.) Angel offering

her a basket of flowers. (Ibid.)

Young girl with flowing hair,

her dress sown with wild pinks.

(Engraving.) Wearing manipleand stole and holding a book.

(Engraving.) B.V. Mary pre-

senting her with a chaplet of

roses. (Vienna Gal,, V. Dyck.)

112

Crown of white roses.

cent, stained glass, Amesbury,

Wilts.) Embracing a distafE.

(Husenheth.) Book and palm.

(Andrea da Salermo.) Specially

venerated at Palermo. BuUer,

Stilting, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Rosaline of

ProvenceV. i329.(Juneii). Food for the

poor changed into roses in her

lap. (Blaise.) Holding a re-

Uquary containing two eyes.

(Cahier.)

St. Rose of LimaV. 1617 (Aug. 30). Nun of the

third order of St. Dominic,

with a garland of roses on her

head. (Pitti Gal., C. Dolce.)

Crowned with thorns and hold-

ing a rose on which is the figure

of Our Saviour. (Murillo.)

The Holy Infant in a nosegay of

roses. (Bilder Legende.) Silver

crown, with sharp points on her

head and a rose in her hand.

(Ikon.) Her Life by Hansen.

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. RoseofViterboV. c. 1252 or 1261. (Mar. 8 andSept. 4). Nun of the third order

of St. Francis, with roses in her

hand or apron. (Ikon.) Locally

venerated at Viterbo. Butler,

Suysken, Wading, Rom. andFranciscan Marts.

St. RosulaM. Companion of St. Cres-

centianus (Sept. 14), q.v.

St. Rotiri. See

St. Rusticus(Sept. 24).

St. Rouin. SeeSt. Rodingus

(Sept. 17).

St. Ruaddan ofIrelandAb. 584 (Apr. 15). Bom in

Leinster, he founded and be-

came first Abbot of the Monas-tery of Lothraen, whence hewas advanced to a bishopric.

He is known as one of the twelveapostles of Ireland. KilkennyRegister, Butler, Colgan, Celt,

and German Marts.

St. Rudbert. SeeSt. Rupert

(Mar. 27).

St. Ruderick, P., andSalomon, of CordovaMM. 857 (Mar. 13). St.

Ruderick, a pnest of Cabra, wasdenounced as a Christian by his

brother, a Moslem. Waiting his

trial, he met St. Salomon in

prison, and they were decapita-

tated together. St. Eulogius,

Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Rudesind, or

Rosinde, of PortugalB.C. 969 (Mar. i). Church in

his hand. (Cahier.) Mitre andsword near. {Ibid.) Span, andBene. Marts.

Bl. Rudolf of BerneCh.M. 1287 (Apr. 17). Holdinga knife or penknife. {Cahier.)

St. RufinM. Companion of St. Wulfhad(July 24), q.v.

SS. Rufina andSecunda, of RomeVV. MM. 257 (July 10). Float-

ing in the sea ; a weight tied

to their necks. {Callot.) Throwninto the Tiber. {Husenbeth.)

Carrjdng bundles in their hands.{Cahier^ Butler, Pinius, Tille-

mont, Rom. Mart.

St. RufinaV.M. Sister and companionof St. Justa (July 19), q.v.

SS. Rufinus andValerius, of SoissonsMM. c. 297 (June 14). Twooverseers of the taxes in theterritory of Soissons who fled

from the persecution of Dio-cletian and Maximian. Over-

taken by the prefect Rictovarus,

they were scourged with leaden

whips and beheaded. Butler,

Tillemont, Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Rufus of Alsacec. 400 (Nov. 7). Bishop of

Metz.

St. Rufus, or Rufin, of

IrelandH. (Apr 22) Mentioned as

one of the principal saints buried

in the Church of Glendalough.

He is said to have been ordained

a bishop before his death.

Butler, Colgan.

St. Rufus (of Philippi?)B.M. c. 116 (n.d.) An axe.

{Attrib. der Heil.)

SS. Rufus and Zosimus,

of PhilippiMM. c. 107 (Dec. 18). Men-tioned as martyrs by St. Poly-

carp in his epistle to the Phihp-

pians. Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. Rufus of Romeist cent. (Nov. 21). One of the

disciples of St. Paul.

St. Rufus of Toulouse(Nov. 12). Bishop of Avignon.

St. RufusCompanion of St. Expeditus

(Apr. 19), q.v.

St. Rule. See

St. Regulus(Oct. 17).

St. RumaM. Companions of St. Arethas(Nov. 24), q.v.

St. Rumbold, orRumold, of MechlinB.M. 775 (July i). An assassin

lying behind him with a hoe.

(De Levens der Heilige.) Mar-tyred before a chest of money.{Burgmaier.) A child near him.{Cahier.) Butler, Bollandists.

St. Rumon of TavistockB.C. N.D. (Jan. 4). A bishop,

but of what see is not known.He was formerly venerated at

Tavistock, Devonshire, wherethe church was dedicated to

him by Ordulf, Earl of Devon-shire, before the year 960. But-ler, Wilson, William ol Malmes-bury.

St. Rumwald ofBrackley

(Nov. 3). Son of the King of

Northumberland and grandsonof Penda of Mercia. The yearfollowing his death, at an early

age, his relics were translated

to Brackley, Northants, andlater to Buckinghamshire.Butler, Leland.

St. Rupert of SalzburgB.C. 718 (Mar. 27). BaptizingTheodon, Duke of Bavaria.

(Callot.) A salt-box in his hand.{Coins of Salzburg.) Holding abasket of eggs, (ibid.) Tubof salt in his hand. {Burgmaier.)

Church in his hand. {Cahier.)

Butler, Canisius, Henschenius,

Mabillon, Bulteau, etc.

St. Rusticus of

AuvergneB. c. 450 (Sept. 24). A parish

priest in the dioceseof Auvergnewho was elected to succeed

Bishop Venerandus in that see.

Butler, Baillet, Rom. Mart.

St. Rusticus of

NarbonneB. 461 (Oct. 26). Son of the

Bishop Bonosus, he entered the

monastic Ufe at the suggestion

of St. Jerome, was ordained

priest by Proculus, Bishop of

Marseilles, and about 427 waselected Bishop of Narbonne.Rehcs at Narbonne. Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Rusticus of Trierc. 574 (Oct. 14). Bishop of

Treves.

St. Rusticus of Ostia(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com-panion of St. Censurinus, q.v.

St. RusticusM. Companion of St. Dionysius

(Oct. 9), q.v.

St. RusticusM. Companion of St. Firmus(Aug. 9). q.v.

118

St. RusticusM. Companion of St. Liberatus

(Aug. 17), q.v.

St. Rutilius of AfricaM. 3rd cent. (Aug. 2). De-scribed byTertiJlian as a Chris-

tian who, fearing death, Uvedin hiding during the persecution

of Severus ; but when arrested

he made bold confession of the

faith and was martyred. Rom.Mart.

St. SabagothaM. Wife and companion of St.

AureUus (July 27), q.v.

St. Sabas of CappadociaAb. 532 (Dec. 5). An apple in

his hand. {Col. milit. Eccl.)

Living in a cave. {Gueffier.)

Butler, Assemani, Rom., Gk.and Russ. Marts.

St. Sabas (the Goth) of

CappadociaM. 372 (Apr. 12). Boiled in

cauldron. {Callot.) Hung byhis hands upon a fig-tree. {Ikon.)

Thrown into a river. {Gueffier.)

Bunch of thorns in his hand.{Cahier.) Butler, Gk. Men.,Rom. Mart.

SS. Sabbas, Isaias and38 CompanionsMM. 273 (Jan. 14). Anchoretsof Mt. Sinai, martyred by atroop of Arabians. Butler,

Bulteau.

St. SabielM. Companion of St. Manuel(June 17), q.v.

St. Sabina of RomeW. 2nd cent. (Jan. 30). Hold-ing palm and crown. {St.

Zaccaria, Venice.) Dragged uptemple steps by executionerwith drawn sword. {F. Zucchero,

St. Sabina, Rome.)

St. SabinaV. Sister of St. Sabinian

(Jan. 29), q.v.

St. SabinaV.M. (Aug. 29). Companion of

St. Serapia (Sept. 3), q.v.

St. SabinaM. Companion of St. Vincent(Oct. 27), q.v.

St. Sabinian ofChampagne

c. 300 (Dec. 31). Bishop of Sens.

SS. Sabinian, M., andSabina, V., of France

c- 275 (Jan. 29). St. Sabinianwas tortured with fire andexecuted with the sword at

Vienne in the reign of AureUan.St. Sabina arrived at Troyesafter his martjTdom, where she

was baptized and died. Butler,

Bollandus,

Saints and their EmblemsSt. SabinianM. One of the twelve brothers

(Sept. i), q.v.

St. SabinianMk. M. Companion of St.

Peter (June 7), q.v.

St. Sabinus, B., andCompanions, of AssisiMM. 304 (Dec. 30). His handschopped off. [Callot.) Handschopped off ;

giving sight to a

youth. [Gueffier.) Overthrowing

an image of Jupiter. (Icon.

Sand.) In armour in battle.

(Molanus.) Butler, Baronius,

Surius, Ado, Rom. Mart.

St. Sabinus of CanosiB. c. 566 (Feb. 9). An agedman, blind, and receiving a cupfrom King Totila. [Cahier.)

St. Gregory the Great.

St. Sabinus of EmiliaB. 4th cent. (Jan. 17). ARoman by birth, he was forty-

five years Bishop of Piacenza,

during which time he attended

the Councils of Nicaea andAquileija. St. Gregory the Great,

Rom. Mart.

St. Sabinus of Sicily8th cent. (Oct. 15). Bishop of

Catania.

SS. Sabinus andEunomius, of LesinaBB. (Feb. 9). His body, dis-

covered in 1597, was translated

to the Church of the Annunciataat Naples. Baring-Gould.

St. Sacerdos ofLimousin

c. 530 (May 5). A Bishop of

Limoges.

St. Sadoth, B., and 128Companions, ofSeleuciaMM. 342 (Feb. 20). His pre-

decessor, St. Simeon, Bishop of

Ctesiphon (Apr. 17), appearingto him on a ladder and beckon-ing him up to heaven. [Gueffier.

)

Butler, Bollandus, Ruinart,

Assemani, Rom. Mart.

St. Sair. See St. Serf(Apr. 20).

St. Salaberga of LaonAb. 654 (Sept. 22). As a youngbUnd girl, carried in the armsof St. Eustasius of Luxeuil(Mar. 29). Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Salaun of BrittanyC. 1358 (Nov. i). A beggar of

weak intellect who, challengedby some soldiers, declared him-self to belong to neither of their

parties, but " to Mary." Thetradition says that a white lily

grew from his mouth after

death. Albert le Grand. Vener-ated at N.D. de Follgoat.

SS. Salome, V., andJudith, W., of Bavaria

9th cent. (June 29). Variousconflicting histories exist ofthese saints. It seems probablethat St. Judith was an Englishwidow, a princess, and that St.

Salome was a maiden of royalblood akin to her. It is beUevedthat the former was actuallyQueen Edburga of Wessex,hving in seclusion under anassimied name after her ejectionfrom England. Locally canon-ised at Alteich, in Bavaria.Asser, Wm. of Malmeshury,Bene, and Ger. Marts.

St. Salome, Wife ofZebedee

ist cent. (Oct. 22). With herchildren, SS. James the Greatand John the Evangelist. {XV.cent, window. All Souls Coll.,

Oxon.; Parclose screen, Ran-worth.) Holding a vase of oint-ment. (Weyen.) Usuardus,Ado., Gk. Men. and Rom. Mart.

St. SalomonM. Companion of St. Ruderick(Mar. 13), q.v.

St. SaluatorCompanion of St. Octavius(Nov. 20), q.v.

St. Salvator of HortaC. 1567 (n.d.) a young tree

in his hand. (Ikon.) As agardener. (Aitrib. der Heil.)

Walking on hot coals. {Chris.

Kunst.) Surrounded by cripples

and poor. {Cahier.)

St. Salvius of FlandersB.M. 8th cent. (June 26).

Murdered with an axe at thecastle of Brevitic, near Valen-ciermes, by one Winegard, sonof his host. Rom., Gall, andBelg. Marts.

St. Salvius ofLanguedoc

B. 584 (Sept. 10). SeventhBishop of Albi, he was celebratedfor his generosity to the poor,

and for redeeming a numberof prisoners taken from Albiby Mommolus. Butler, St.

Gregory of Tours, Gall, andRom. Marts.

St. Salvius of PicardyB.C. Late 7th cent. (Jan. 11).

Successor to Bishop Ado of

Amiens. Relics at Montreuil,whither they were translatedfrom Amiens Cathedral. Butler,

Baillet, Bollandus, Rom. Mart.

St. Samarevis. SeeSt. Maelrubha

(Aug. 27).

St. SamonasM. Companion of St. Gurias(Nov. 15), q.v.

114

St. Sampson of DolB. c. 564 (July 28). In ablue robe. {XV. cent, window,

Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) A cross

near him. {St. Sampson's Church,

Cornwall.) Dove over his head.

{Cahier.) Butler, Mdbillon,

Solier, Gall, and Rom. Marts.

St. Sampson Xeno-dochus of Constanti-

nopleP- 530 (June 27). Bom of

patrician family at Rome, he is

said to have cured the EmperorJustinian of Constantinople of adisease by his touch, and to

have refused any reward except

a building for conversion into

a hospital. Gk. Men., SyrianMart.

St. Samthana of IrelandV. Abs. 738 (Dec. 19). Foun-dress of themonastery of Cluain-

bronach. Butler, Colgan.

St. SamuelM. One of the seven FranciscanMartyrs (Oct. 13), q.v.

St. SamuelM. Companion of St. Elias(Feb. 16), q.v.

St. Sanctianus, andCompanions, ofSoissonsMM. 273 (Sept. 6). Twobrothers and their sister, Spani-ards, who came to Soissons andwere condemned to executionby the sword of the prefect

Aurehan. Gall. Marts., Usuardus(who gives St. Beata on July 29).

St. SanctusM. Companion of St. Pothinus(June 2), q.v.

St. Sandocus ofToulouse

7th cent. (Dec. 10). Bishop of

Vienne.

St. Sapienta and Com-panionsMM. (Aug. i). The legendstates that St. Sapienta, withher three daughters. Fides, Spesand Charitas, were martyred by" Antiochus, prefect of Romein the reign of Hadrian." Faithwas beaten, thrown into moltenpitch and beheaded ; Hope cast

into a furnace, but, being un-hurt, was slain with the sword,as also was Charity, who wasfollowed by their mother. TheRev. Baring-Gould suggests thatthe legend is derived by vulgartradition from the foundation,by Justinian, of the Church of

Sta. Sophia at Constantinople.Sophia, Latinised, becameSapientia, and the threedaughters of wisdom beingFaith, Hope and Charity, tradi-

tion has ascribed personalities to

Saints and their Emblemsthe four virtues. See SS. Faith,

Hope and Charity (Aug. i).

Usuardus, Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Sapor, and Com-panions, of PersiaMM. (Nov. 30). A bishop of

Beth-nictor and members of

his flock tortured and martyredin the persecution of Sapor II.

Assemani, Butler.

St. Sara of LybiaV.Abs. Late 4th cent. (July 13).

An abbess in Scete noted for her

purity and asceticism. Some of

the Greek Menceas.

St. Sativola. SeeSt. Sidwell

(Aug. 2).

St.SatorM. One of the twelve brothers

(Sept. i), q.v.

St. SaturianM. Companion of St. Martinian(Oct. 16), q.v.

SS. Saturninus, P.,

Davitus and Com-panions, of AfricaMM. 304 (Feb. 11). A priest,

with members of his congrega-

tion, tried at Carthage underthe proconsul Anulinus. Two,both named Felix, died of their

wounds, but the others survived

their tortures, only to die in

prison. Butler, Bollandus,

Ruinart, Rom. Mart.

SS. Saturninus andSisinus, of RomeMM. 304 (Nov. 29). Beheadedat Rome in the reign of Dio-

cletian, and buried two miles

from the city on the road to

Nomentum. Rom. Mart.

St. Saturninus of

SaragossaM. (Apr. 16). Four saints of

this name were companions of

St. Optatus, q.v.

St. Saturninus of

ToulouseB.M. 275 (Nov. 29). A bull

at his feet. {Husenheth.)Dragged by a wild bull. [Statu-

ary, Chartres Cath.) Strangled.

(Icon. Sand.) Skin torn off.

(Weyen.) Tom with iron hooks.

{Das. Pass.) Butler, Tillemont,


St. SaturninusM. Companion of St. Pere-

grinus (July 7), q.v.

St. SaturninusM. Companion of St. Perpetua

(Mar. 7), q.v.

St. SaturusM. Companion of St. Armo-gastes (Mar. 29), q.v.

St. Satyrius of MilanC. c. 392 (Sept. 17). Elderbrother of St. Ambrose of Milan(Apr. 4andDec. 7),who preachedhis funeral oration. He was alawyer, and at one time a prefect,probably of Liguria. Milaneseand Rom. Marts.

St. Satyrus and Com-panionsMM. (Jan. 12). Said to havebeen beheaded for making thesign of the cross and overthrow-ing an idol at Antioch or Achaia.Nothing is known of his com-panions or the date of their

martyrdom. Baring-Gould, AllMarts.

St. SatyrusM. One of the twelve brothers

(Sept. i), q.v.

St. Sauve. SeeSt. Salvius

(Jan. II).

St. Savin of TarbesM. 5th cent. (Oct. 9). Instruct-

ing the young son of the Countof Poitiers. [XV. cent, painting,

St. Saviour's Ch., Lourdes.)

Assiuning the Benedictinehabit. [Ibid.) A bUnd manrecovering sight by touchinghis dead body. [Ibid.) Savinga drowning horse and man byprayer. [Ibid.) Gall, and Bene.Marts.

St. SavinaV. (Jan. 30). Giving alms to acripple. [Der Heyl. Leb.)

St. SavinianB.M. c. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Be-headed at the altar. [Cahier.)

Bl. Schetzelo ofLuxemburg

C. 1138 (Aug. 6). A hermitliving in the Ardennes to whomSt. Bernard, finding him nearly

naked, sent some clothing, whichhe refused to wear. Loccdly

venerated at Luxemburg. Belg.

and Cistercian Marts.

St. Scholastica of MonteCassino

V. Abs. 543 (Feb. 10). Darkblue habit, abbess's staff andbook. [XV. cent, window,Merton Coll., Oxon.) Crucified

in her hand, her soul departing

in the form of a dove. [Tab.

de la Croix.) Lily ; dove at her

feet or held to her bosom.[Jameson.) Kneeling before St.

Benedict's cell. [Cat. Sanct.)

See references given for her

brother, St. Benaiict (Mar. 21).

St. ScholasticaWife of St. Injuriosus (May 25),

q.v.

St. Scholasticus. See

St. John Climachus(Mar. 30).

115

St. ScubicolusM. Companion of St. Nicasius(Oct. 11), q.v.

St. Seachnal. SeeSt. Secundinus

(Nov. 27).

St. Sebaldus, King ofDenmarkH. c. 750 (Aug. 19). As apilgrim. [Coins of Nuremberg.)Pi^rim preaching. [Solitudo.)

Pilgrim holding up a piece or

money. [Bur^maier.) Pilgrim ;

church in his hand. [HansSebald Beham, DUrer, Lib.

Cronic.) Two oxen near him.[Ikon.) Crossing the Danube onhis cloak. [Jameson.) Curinga bUnd man. [Cahier.) Vener-ated at Nuremberg. Ger. Marts.

St. Sebastian of RomeM. 303 (Jan. 20). In armour,holding a long arrow and shield.

[XV. cent. Flemish window,Shrewsbury.) Holding paJm andthree arrows. [St. Pietro,

Perugia.) Bound, ^pierced bythree arrows. [Perugino,

Florence Gal.) In armour, hold-

ing cross and two arrows.

[Hotel de Cluny, Paris.) Bound,angels withdrawing arrows fromhis wounds. [Vandyck, Petro-

grad.) Boxmd to a tree pierced

with arrows, i^ont, Colney.)

Shield and three arrows. [St.

Mary's, Cologne.) In armour,holdinga bow. [MS. , Brit. Mus.

)

Kneelmg, holding up twoarrows. [Pitti Gal., Guercino.)

Standing with a hly by him.[Spanish Gal., Louvre.) AllWestern Marts.

St. Sebbi, or Sebba, K.of the East Saxons

C. 697 (Aug. 29). Tenth Kingof the East Saxons. He resigned

the crown after a thirty years'

reign and entered a monasteryunder Saldhere, successor to

St. Erkenwald (April 30), Bishopof London. His tomb in oldSt. Paul's was destroyed in theGreat Fire of London. Butler,

Alford, Bede, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. SecundaM. Companion of St. Donatella

(July 30), q.v.

St. SecundaV.M. Sister of St. Rufina(July 10), q.v.

St. SecundaOne of the SciOitan Martyrs.Companion of St. Speratus(July 17), q.v.

St. Secundinus ofIreland

B. 448 (Nov. 27). A nephewand disciple of St. Patrick whobecame Bishop of Dimshaglin,CO. Meath. BuUer, Colgan,

Ware.

Saints and their EmblemsSS. Secundinus andAgapius, of NumidiaBB. MM. 259 (Apr. 29). Re-called from exile by Valerian

to be imprisoned, tortured andexecuted at Cirta. Rom. Mart.

St. Secundinus of

Tuscany(Feb. II). A Bishop of Troja.

St. SecundinusB.M. Companion of St. Castus

(July I), q.v.

St. SecundulusM. Companion of St. Perpetua(Mar. 7), q.v.

St. Secundus, P., andCompanions, ofAlexandriaMM. 356 (May 21). Martyredby command of the Arian bishop

George whilst keeping the Feast

of Pentecost. Rom. Mart.

St. Secundus of AstiM. 119 (Mar. 30). Angel bring-

ing the B. Sacrament. [Attrib.

der Heil.) A sword. {Ihid.)

Angels burying him. {Chris.

ifMwsi.) Clouds over him. [Ikon.)

Church in his hand. {Cahier.)

Molanus.

St Secundus of Spain1st cent. (May 2). Bishop of

Avila.

St. SecundusB. (May 11). Companion of St.


St. SegniB.C. (n.d.) Raising a horse

to Ufe. (Cahier.)

St. Seine. SeeSt. Sequanus

(Sept. 19).

St. Seiriol of AngleseyC. Bearded, in skuU cap, hold-

ing book, rosary and crosier.

{Window, Penmon Priory.)

St. SeleniadesM. Companion of St. Marcian

(June 5), q.v.

St. SeleucusM. Companion of St. Elias

(Feb. 16), q.v.

St. Senan, or Sennan, of

IniscathyB. Ab.C. 554 (Mar. 8). Bomin county Clare, he entered the

monastic hfe under the AbbotCassidan, was consecrated

Bishop, and founded a monas-tery on Iniscathy, at the mouthof the Shannon. It is claimed

that he travelled in Brittany,

where he is known as St. San6.

Butler, Colgan, Albert le Grand,

Irish Marts.

St. Senan of WalesH. 7th cent. (Apr. 29). Ahermit in North Wales. It is

uncertain whether St. Sennen,

in Cornwall, is named after

him, or the St. Senan who is

described as a companion of

St. la (Oct. 27) by Baring-

Gould. Alford, Ferrarius, Bol-

landists, Ang. Mart.

St. SenanAb. Companion of St. la

(Oct. 27), q.v.

St. Sendon. See

St. Sindulphus(Oct. 20).

St. SennenM. Companion of St. Abdon(July 30), q.v.

St. SenorinaV. Abs. N.D. Frogs silent at

her command. {Cahier.) Vessel

standing by her. {Ibid.)

St. SeptimusM. One of the twelve brothers

(Sept. i), q.v.

St. SeptimusMk. M. Companion of St.


St. Sequanus of LangresAb. c. 580 (Sept. 19). Bomin Burgundy, he entered the

monastery of Riom after taking

priest's orders, and later built

and became first abbot of

another monastery at Segestre,

near the source of the Seine,

where he died. Butler, St.

Gregory of Tours, Mdbillon,

Baillet.

Bl. Seraphina of PistojaW. Abs. 1478 (Sept. 8).

Daughter of Guido, Count of

Urbino, she was married byproxy to Sforga of Pistoja at

the age of fourteen. Falsely

accused of infideUty, she left

her husband, and entered aconvent of the Poor Clares,

where she died. FranciscanMart.

SS. Serapia andErasma, of RomeW. MM. c. 121 (Sept. 3).

Praying by martyrs' bodies

;

an angel standing by them.{Callot.) St. Serapia with tablet

or book. {Weyen.)

SS. Serapia and Sabina,of RomeMM. c. 126 (Sept. 3). St. Sabinawas a rich widow of Umbriawho, with her servant, St.

Serapia, a native of Antioch,was arrested by the governorBeryllus at the beginning of the

persecution of Adrian. St.

Serapia was beaten to deathwith clubs. Her mistress, re-

leased for a time on account of

her position, was martyred the

following year. Butler (on

Aug. 29).

116

St. Serapion of

AlexandriaM. c. 249 (Nov. 14). Thrownoft a house. {Callot.) Thrownout of a window. {Ikon.)

Usuardus, Ado, Eusebius, Rom.

Mart.

St. Serapion of AlgiersM. c. 1240 (Jan. 31). Cmcified

and disembowelled. {Cahier.)

Butler.

St. Serapion of AntiochB. c. 211 (Oct. 30). Eighth

Bishop of Antioch, he was a

firm opponent of the Montaneheresy, and was celebrated for

his writings on the subject.

Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Euse-

bius, Rom. Mart.

St. Serapion of ArsinoeAb. (Mar. 21). He is said to

have governed 10,000 monksdispersed in the deserts andmonasteries near Arsinoe.

Butler, Canisius, Palladius,

Sozomen.

St. Serapion theSindonite, Mk., andCompanions, of EgyptMM. 388 (Mar. 21). Soldhimselfas a slave, first to a comedian,

and later to a Manichseanof Lacedemonia, with the object

of converting them and their

famiMes. After studying at

Rome, he returned to Egj^t,where he died in the desert.

Butler, Palladius, Henschenius.

St. SerapionM. One of the Seven Sleepers

of Ephesus (Jime 27), q.v. Atorch. {Musaeum Victorium,

Rome.)

St. Serapion of SicilyM. c. 304 (Sept. 12). WasBishop of Catania.

St. Serapion ofThmuis

B. 4th cent. (Mar. 21). He is

said to have suffered for oppos-ing Arianism in the reign of

Constantius. He wrote several

epistles, euid a treatise on the

titles of the Psalms. Butler,

Photius, Sozomen, Tillemont,

Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc.

St. SerapionM. (Feb. 25). Companion of

St. Victorinus, q.v. Beheadedduring the Decian persecution.

St. Serenus of CelleP.C. c. 650 (Oct. 2). Said to

have been a cowherd. Ordainedpriest by Pope John IV. andto have brought the reUcs of

SS. Fabian and Sebastian to

Celle. His life is full of ana-

chronisms. Specially veneratedat Troyes. Usuardus, Ado,Greven, Canisius, Saussaye.

St. Serenus theGrardener of HungaryM. 307 (Feb. 23). A Greek bybirth, beheaded for rebuking aRoman lady and confessinghimself a Christian. Butler, St.

Jerome, Wilson, Rom. Mart.

St. SerenusM. Companion of St. Plutarch(June 28), q.v.

St. Serf, or Sernan, ofthe Orkneys

B. 5th cent. (Apr. 20). A dis-

ciple of St. Palladius and Apostleand first Bishop of the OrkneyIslands. Butler, Lesley, Aberdeenand Culross Kalendars.

St. Sergius of CaesareaM. c. 290 (Feb. 24). Angelhealing Ms wounds. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Shoes with spikesinside them. (Ikon.) Bede,Usuardus, Ado, Rom. and Ger.Marts.

SS. Sergius andBacchus, of SyriaMM. c. 250 (Oct. 7). Romanofficers bearing palms. (Revuede I'Art ChrStien.) St. Sergiusholding a cross to his breast

;

also holding a white shield

charged with a golden " cross

flory." (Si. Serge, Angers.)

Scourged by executioners 01

Maximin. (Statuary, Chartres

Cath.) Butler, Theodoret, G.

Gregory, Bede, Gk. Men., Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Sergius I. of RomePope. 701 (Sept. 9). A nativeof Palermo and son of amerchcint, he succeeded PopeConon in 687. Anastasius the

Librarian, Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. Sergius of RussiaAb. H. 1392 (Sept. 25). Bomat Rostoff, he became a recluse

in the forests of Radonege,

,

and later received priest's

orders from Athanasims, Bishopof Volkjmia. With his ownhands he built a wooden churchin the forests, which becamethe foundation of Troitzka

Abbey, the most celebrated

and wealthiest monastery in

Russia. Russian Kalendar.

St. SergiusMk. M. Companion of St.

John (Mar. 20), q.v.

St. Sernin. See

St. Saturninus(Nov. 29).

St. Servanus. See

St. Serf(Apr. 20).

St. Servatus, or Servais,

of MaestrichtB. 384 (May 13). Lying in an

open tomb. (Callot.) Angel

Saints and their Emblemsleading him and bringing hima crosier and mitre, ((^ahier.)

Causing a fountain to springup. {J.hid.) Holding a silver

key. (St. Mary's, Cologne.)Key in his hand ; dragon at his

side. (De Leuens der Heylige.)Asleep in the sun ; an eagleshading and fanning him. (DerHeyl. Leb.) Praying before acrucifix ; dragon behind him.(Husenbeth.) Butler, Hen-schenius, Belg. and Mod. Rom.Marts.

St. ServiusM. Companion of St. Liberatus(Aug. 17), q.v.

St. Servulus ofRome

C. 590 pec. 23). A beggarIjdng on a pallet listening tothe scriptures read to him

;

angels above with celestial

music. (Cahier.) Rom. Mart.

St. Sethrida of BrieV. Abs. 7th cent. (Jan. 10).

A daughter of the wife of Anna,King of East AngUa, whocrossed over to France, whereshe entered and became Abbessof the convent of Brie. Bede,Haupsfield.

SS. Seven Franciscansof MoroccoMM. 1221 (Oct. 13). A partyof five Franciscan missionarieshaving suffered for the faith

in Morocco in 1220, seven of

their brethren went to taketheir places in the following

year. Their names were Daniel,

Samuel, Angelus, Donulus, Leo,Nicholas and Hugolin. Appre-hended in Ceuta, they weretaken before the king Mahometand beheaded. Butler, Wading,Rom. Mart.

SS. Seven Sleepers ofEphesus

c. 250 (July 27). Seven youngmen asleep in a cave. (Chapel

of St. Edward the Confessor,

Westminster.) Seven men asleep,

an angel guarding them. (Icon.

Sanct.) The following separate

emblems are given in theMusaeum Victorium, Rome

:

SS. John, Constantine andMaximian, each with a club

;

SS. Martian and Malchus, withaxes ; St. Serapion, a torch

;

St. Dionysius, a large naU.Butler, Ctiper, St. Gregory of

Tours, Rom. Mart.

St. Severian of

ScythopolisB.M. c. 452 (Feb. 21). Mas-sacred by the soldiers of the

Eutychian monk, Theodosius,

for his efforts to prevent thespread of the Eutychian heresy.

Butler, Evagrius, Rom. Mart.

117

St. Severian of SebasteM. c. 300 (Sept. 9). Hung upwith stones to his feet. (Ikon.)

Russian Kalendar, Gk. Men.,Rom. Mart.

St. SeverianM. Companion of St. Victor

(Apr. 20), q.v.

St. SeverianusM. One of the Quatuor Coronati(Nov. 8), q.v.

St. Severinus ofAgaunum

Ab. d. 507 (Feb. 11). HeahngK. Clovis. (Old engraving.)

Rays of light descending onhim. (Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon,Surius, Bollandists, Chatelain,

Rom. Mart.

St. Severinus ofBurgundy

B.C. c. 420 (Oct. 23). A Bishopof Bordeaux, of which city he is

a patron. He is sometimes con-fused with St. Severinus of

Cologne. Butler, St. Gregory of

Tours, Baillet.

St. Severinus ofCologneAbp. c. 403 (Oct. 23). Cele-

brated for his strenuous opposi-tion to the Arian heresy. Heis said to have known by revela-

tion of the death of St. Martinof Tours. Butler, St. Gregory of

Tours.

St. Severinus of Trier4th cent. (Dec. 21). Bishop of

Treves.

St. Severinus of Viennap. Ap. 482 (Jan. 8). Visionof angels. (Callot.) Church in

his hand. (Capitular seal.)

Preaching to the people. (A ttrib.

der Heil.) Superintending thebuilding of a church. (Pas-sionael.) Angels singing andpla5dng musical instrumentsabove him. (Weyen.) Butler,

Tillemont, Bollandus, Rom. andGer. Marts.

St Severus ofAvranches

B. 6th cent. (Feb. i). A horseby his side. (Ikon.) A boy,mares beside him. (Baring-

Gould.) Gall. Marts.

St. Severus ofBarcelonaB.M. 633 (Nov. 6). Nail in his

head and hand. (Chris. Kunst.)Rom. and Spn. Marts.

St. Severus of NaplesB. 5th cent. (Feb. 15 orApr. 30).Obtaining a declaration froma dead man. (Cahier.) Rom.Mart.

St. Severus, B.C., andCompanions, ofRavenna

c. 390 (Feb. i). Bishop holdinga shuttle. (Baring-Gould.)

Saints and their EmblemsWeaver's loom and implements.

(Das Pass.) Dove on his

shoulder. {Cahier.) Rom. Mart.

St. Severus of Valeriap. c. 800 (Feb. 15). Priest of

a church in the district of

Valeria between the Tiber and

the Velino. A legend told of him

by St. Gregory recalls another

of St. Severus of Naples that a

dead man was recalled to life

to make a confession. Relics

translated to Meyfeld, near

Coblenz, c. 980. Si!. Gregory the

Great, Rom. Mart.

St. Severus of ViennaP.C. 5th cent. (Aug. 8). Hold-

ing a devU in a chain. {Cahier.)

St. SeverusM. Companion of St. Dionysia

(Dec. 6), q.v.

St. SeverusP.M. Companionof St. Paulinus

(July 12), q.v.

St. SeverusP.M. Companion of St. Philip

(Oct. 22), q.v.

St. SeverusM. One of the Quatuor Coronati

(Nov. 8), q.v.

St. Sexburga of KentQ. Abs. 699 (July 6). Bearing

a palm branch. {JiVindow, Wal-

pole Ch.) Butler, Capgrave, etc.

St. Sezin of BrittanyB. Early 6th cent. (Mar. 6).

Traditionally beheved to havebeen bom in Ulster in 402, to

have studied at Rome, to havebecome a bishop and to havedied in Brittany at the age of

one hundred and twenty-seven

years. He is titular saint of

Guic-Senzi, in the diocese of

St. Pol de Leon. Colgan, Albert

leGrand. Venerated in Brittany.

St. Sidonius. See

St. Appolinaris(Aug. 23).

St. SidroniusM. c. 270 (July 11). He is said

to have suffered in the persecu-

tion of AureUan at Rome,whencehis reUcs were translated to

Meissen, near Ypres in Belgium,

by Adela, Countess of Flanders,

in 1067. Lubin, Rom., Gall,

and Belg. Marts; Butler (on

Sept. 8).

St. Sidwell, or Sativola,

of ExeterV.M. c. 740 (Aug. 2). Scythe

and weU. (E. window, Exeter

Cath., All Souls Coll., Oxford.)

Her head in her hands. [Rood-

screen, Plymtree.) Oliver's

History of Exeter. Commemo-rated at Exeter on Nov. i.

St. SifridusB.C. N.D. Church in his hand.(Cahier.)

St. Sigebald of Lorraine741 (Oct. 26). Bishop of Metz.

St. Sigebert of EssexK.M. 637 (Oct. 29). Successor

to Earpwald, King of the EastSaxons, he resigned his crownand entered a monastery. Leav-ing it on its invasion by Penda,King of Mercia, he entered the

battie hne armed only with awand, and was killed, together

with his successor, Ecgric.

Bollandists (on above date)

;

Menardus, Colgan and Bene.

Marts, (on Aug. 7) ; Wilson andAlford (on Sept. 26).

St. Sigebert II. of MetzK.C. 656 (Feb. I). Church in

his hand. {Cahier.) Butler,

Calmet, Gall. Marts.

St. Sigfried of SwedenB. 1002 (Feb. 15). Known as

the Apostle of Sweden, hefounded the cathedral of Mexioand many other churches.

Butler, Bollandus, Beuzelius,

Mabillon, Cologne Kalendar,Ger. Mart.

St. Sigiranus. SeeSt. SiranPec. 4).

St. SigisbertCM. Companion of St. Placidus

(July II), q.v.

St. Sigismund of PragueK.H.M. 517 (May i). Drownedin a well by barbarians. Hold-ing a sword, his two sons byhim, a well behind him. {Burg-

maier.) Usuardus, Ado, Nother,

Hrabanus, Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Silan. SeeSt. Silave

(May 17).

St. SilansB.C. 1094 (n.d.) Two angels

with him. {Cahier.)

St. Silas, or Sylvanus, ofMacedoniaAp. 1st cent. (July 13). Men-tioned under the name of

Sylvanus in the Epistles of St.

Paul as one of the Elders of theChurch in Jerusalem, and accom-panied SS. Paul and Barnabason their return to Antioch. SeeActs XV. 22, 32 ; xvi. 37 ; xvii. 14,

40 ; xviii. 5 ; 2 Cor. i. 19

;

1 Thess. i. i ; i Peter v. 12 ;

Rom. xvi. 22, etc., etc. AllMartyrologies.

St. Silave of LuccaB.C. iioo (May 17). An Irish

monk and abbot of St. Brendan,who became Bishop of Lucca.Butler, Colgan.

St. Silin. See St. Sulien(Nov. 8).

St. SilvanusB.M. (Feb. 20). Devoured bya lion. {Callof.)

118

St. Silvanus of Ahun,FranceM. Early 5th cent. (Oct. 16).

Watering flowers. (Husenbeth.)

St. SilveriusPope. M. 538 (June 20). Hold-

ing a model of a church.

{Cahier.)

St. Silvester of Trani,

ItalyMk. d. 1185 (Jan. 2). A monkof the Order of St. Basil in the

Convent of St. Michael at Bari,

of whom many miracles are

related. Locally venerated at

Trani. Baring-Gould.

St. Silvester GozzoliniAb. 1267 (n.d.) Infant Jesus

appearing to him as in the

stable at Bethlehem. {Cahier.)

St. Silvin of ThirouanneB.C. 718 (Feb. 17). Casting

out a devil. {Old engraving.)

Holding a taper. {Cahier.)

Butler, Mabillon, Bollandus,

Chatelain.

St. Simeon, Bishop ofJerusalemM. 107 or 116 (Feb. 18). Cruci-

fied. {Callot.) As a child, withhis mother and brothers ; afish in his hand.* {Screen, Ran-worth.) A child with a fish.*

{Roodscreen, Houghton-le-Dale.)

St. Simeon of PolironaH. 1016 (July 26). A stag near

him. {Cahier.) Bene, and Rom.Marts.

St. Simeon of Seleucia

and CtesiphonB.M. c. 341 (Apr. 21). Sonof a fuller and a disciple of

Papas, Bishop of Ctesiphon,

he was taken in chains before

King Sapor and beheaded, with

a himdred fellow-martjTS. Ado,Usuardus, Sozomen, Rom. Mart.,

Butler (on April 17).

St. Simeon Meta-phrastes, of Constanti-nople

C. loth cent. (Nov. 27). Bomof an illustrious family at Con-stantinople, he journeyed to the

island of Crete at an early age,

and there began the collection

of lives of the saints with whichhis name is stiU Eissociated.

Bollandus, Surius, Gk. Men.,Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Simeon the Old of

SyriaAb. d. c. 460 (Jan. 26). AsoUtary who, being joined bya large number of disciples,

founded a monastery at MountAmanus near Antioch. Theo-

doret.

* Probably an error by confusion

with St. Simon the Apostle. Butler,

Eusebius, Tillemont, Rom. Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Simeon the Prophetof Jerusalem

ist cent. (Oct. 8). Holding the

Holy Infant in his anns. {Arbor

Past.) Usuardus, Ado, Rom.Mart.

St. Simeon Salus of

EmesaH.C. 6th cent. (July i). Blow-ing bladders to appear as afool, children pointing at him.

{Callot.) Pretending to cure

bhnd with vinegar, to pass for

a fool. {Icon. Sand.) Butler,

Evagrius, Bollandists, Gk. Men.

St. Simeon StylitesC.H. 459 (Jan. 5). On a pillar

{Lib. Cronic.) Kneeling on theground and scourging himself.

{T'bosch.) Butler, Theodoret,

Tillemont, Evagrius, etc.

St. Simeon Stylites theYounger, of AntiochH. 592 (Sept. 3). Entered the

monastery of Thaumastore as achild, and later followed the

example of St. Simeon Stylites

the Elder by living sixty-eight

years on the summit of pillars

within the monastery. Butler,

Evagrius, fanning, Rom. Mart.

(on above date) ; Gk. Men. (on

May 24).

St. SimeonM. Companion of St. Sapor(Nov. 30), q.v

St. Similian of Brittany4th cent. (June 16). Bishop

of Nantes.

St. Simon the ApostleM. 1st cent. (Oct. 28). A ship.

{Roodscreen, Ipplepen.) An axe.


ham.) Pierced with a sword.

{Ch. of SS. Nereo and Achilles,

Rome.) A fish in his hand.

{Screens at Ranworth, Blofield,

Worstead, N. Walsham and

Aylsham.) Two fishes. {Swafield,

Belaugh, Tunstead.) An oar.

{Southwold, Lessingham; Font,

Stalham.) A fuller's bat.

{Ringland, Cawston.) A saw.

{Satterley, Primer 1516.) Sawedthrough longitudinally. {Callot.)

A fish on the leaves of a closed

book held with the edges of

leaves upwards. {Roodscreen,

Trunch.) An old man, bald,

with rounded beard. {Baring-

Gould.) Holding his text from

the Creed: "Remissionem pecca-

torum." {Fairford.) AllMartyr-

ologies.

St. Simon of TrentCh.M. 1472 (May 24). Child

with cross at his side. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Child with pabn and

long bodkin. {A. Caracci.) Achild crucified, a man cuttmg

his breast. {Old engraving.)

Strangled, and pierced with a

bodkin. {Passionael.) Butler,

Martenue, Rom. Mart.

St. Simon Stock ofBordeaux

P.C. c. 1265 (May 16). Stockof a tree near him. {Engraving.)

Scapular in hand. {Ikon.)

Souls freed from purgatory.

{Cahier.) Butler, Leland, Pape-broke, etc.

St. Simpertus, orSindebert, of Augsburg

B.C. 809 (Oct. 13). Personspraying at his tomb ; wolfbefore it with live child in its

mouth. {Bavaria Pia.) Womankneeling before him ; wolf witha live child in its mouth. {DasPass.) Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Simplician of MilanB.C. c. 400 (Aug. 16). Discours-

ing with St. Augustine.

{Gueffier.)

St. Simplicius of AutunB. 5th cent. (June 24). Suc-cessor to Hegemonius as Bishopof Autun, when, according to

St. Gregory of Tours, he wasonly a layman. Tradition saysthat he proved his fitness for

the post by miracles. St.

Gregory of Tours, Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Simplicius of Berric. 480 (Mar. i). An Archbishopof Bourges.

St. Simplicius of RomePope. 483 (Mar. 2). Bom at

Tivoli, he succeeded St. Hilaryin 468. His papacy was markedby many controversies, notablywith the Emperor Leo, andwith Acacius of Constantinople.

Evagrius, Rom. Mart.

St. Simplicius of

Toulousec. 400 (Feb. 3). Bishop of

Vienne.

St. SimpliciusM. Companion of St. Beatrix

(July 29), q.v. A shield bearing

three lilies. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. SimpliciusM. Companion of St. Cale-

podius (May 10), q.v.

St. SinaDn.M. Companion of St. Milles

(Nov. 10), q.v.

St. Sihinus. See

St. Sennen(Oct. 27).

St. Sindulphus of

RheimsP.C. 7th cent. (Oct. 20). Anative of Aquitaine who wentinto retreat at Aussonce, near

Rheims. Relics translated to

the Abbey of HauteviUiers.

Butler, Mabillon, Flodoard, Rom.Mart.

119

St. SiraV.M. 588 (June 8). A rope in

her hand. {Ikon.) Dogs abouther. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Siran of BerriAb.C. 655 Pec. 4). A nativeof Bern, cup-bearer to Clo-

thaire II., who took orders andbecame archdeacon at Tours.After a pilgrimage to Rome hefounded two monasteries in

the diocese of Bourges, one of

which, now St. Sirans, hegoverned till his death. Butler,

Mabillon.

St. Sirenus of Toulousec. 630 (Aug. 2). Bishop of

Marseilles.

St. SisinusM. Companionof St. Satuminus(Nov. 29), q.v.

St. Sisinnius, Dn., andCompanions, of theTyrolMM. c. 397 (May 29).

Three natives of Cappodociawho placed themselves underSt. Ambrose at Milan, whodispatched them to Trent, whereSt. Vigilius ordained St. Sisin-

nius deacon, St. Martyrius lector,

and St. Alexander ostiarius,

and sent them on a mission to

the Tjorol, where they werebeaten to death and their bodiesburnt by the mountaineers.Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Sisoes, or Sisoy, ofEgyptH. c. 429 (July 4). A celebrated

hermit of the deserts of theThebaid. As a young man heretired to Scete, where heoccupied himself by basket-

making. After a life of greathumility he died at Clysma,near the Red Sea. Butler, Tille-

mont, Bollandists (on abovedate) ; Gk. Men. (on July 6).

St. Sitha, or Zita, ofLucca

V. 1272 (Apr. 27). Rosary andlarge key. {Roodscreen, N.Elmham.) Rosary, bag andkeys. {Ibid., Barton Turf.)

Rosary. {Church chest, Denton.)

Pitcher in hand. {Cahier.)

Two keys and three loaves.

{Mells Ch., Somerset.) Keysand book. {Roodscreen, Plym-tree.) Basket of fruit on herarm. {Window, Winchester

Cath.) Bag with a book.{Window, Winchester Coll.

Library.) Key and bag withbook. {Roodscreen, Somerleyton.)

Three keys and book. {XV.cent, window, Langport.) Bookand rosary. {Ibtd., Westhall.)

Two keys. iyVindow, Norbury,Derby.) Praying at a well.

Saints and their Emblems{Blaise.) Bread in her apronchanged to flowers. {Cahier.)

Butler, Papebroke, Rom. Marl.

St. Sixtus of RomePope. M. 127 (Apr. 6). Crimsonrobe. (XV. cent, window,Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) Ado,Nother, Rom, Mart., etc.

St. Sixtus II. of RomePope. M. 258 (Aug. 6). AGreek by birth, successor to St.

Stephen and twenty-fifth Popeof Rome. St. Cyprian styles

him a peaceable and excellent

prelate. He only occupied thePapal Chair one year, beingmurdered in a cemetery duringthe Valerian persecution.

Butler, Eusebius, St. Cyprian,Rom. Mart.

St. Sixtus III.Pope. 440 (Mar. 28). A nativeof Rome, who succeeded PopeCelestin I. in 432 and was thepredecessor of St. Leo theGreat. During his occupationof the Papal Chair the recon-

ciliation took place betweenSt. Cyril of Alexandria andJohn, Patriarch of Antioch.

Rom. Mart.

St. SraaragdusCompanion of St. Cyriacus(Aug. 8), q.v.

SS. Socrates andStephen, of WalesMM. c. 364 (Sept. 17). Saidto have been martyred at

Monmouth, but particulars of

their lives and deaths are

lacking. Bede, Notker, Hrabanus,Usuardus, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. SolaH. 790 (Dec. 3). The EmperorCharlemagne presenting himwith a monstrance. (Passionael.)

St. Solangia of BourgesV.M. c. 881 (May 10). Patron-ess of Bourges. Stabbed or

beheaded before crucifix ; sheep

and a distaff near her. (Cahier.)

Gall. Marts.

St Solemnis of ChartresB. c. 509 (Sept. 25). Blessing

Clovis. (Statuary, Chartres.)

Casket or rehquary in his hand.(Weyen.) Holding a lantern.

(Cahier.)

St. Solina of ChartresV.M. 3rd cent. (Oct. 17). AChristian maiden of Aquitainewho fled her home, her parents

being heathens, and was takenand martyred at Chartres.

Chartres Breviary, Gall. Marts.

St. Solomon of BrittanyK.M. 874 (June 25). Wimblesin his eyes. (Seal of Solomonde Kergouavec.)

St. Solomon of HungaryK.C. 1080 (n.d.) a crown andarms near him. (Cahier.)

St. Solomon. See

St. Salaun(Nov. I).

St. Solus of SolenhofenH. 790 (Dec. 3). An Englishmanwho followed St. Boniface into

Germany and was ordainedpriest by him. He went into

retirement in Bavaria, whereCharlemagne gave him a grant

of the land around his cell.

Relics at Solenhofen. Mabillon,

Ger. Marts.

St. Sophia of ItalyV.M. 3rd cent. (Apr. 30). Mar-tyred at Firmo, in Italy, whereher relics are enshrined in thecathedral. Butler, Ferrarius,

Rom. Mart.

St. Sophia and herdaughterMM (Sept. 18). Their breasts

cut oft and variously tortured.

(Icon. Sanct.)

St. SophroniaR. N.D. Birds dropping flowers

on her corpse. (Ikon.) Writingher name on a tree. (Solitudo.)

St. Sophronius ofJerusalem

Patr. 638 (Mar. 11). Bom at

Damascus, he was elected to bePatriarch of Jerusalem, wherehe was sumamed the Sophist.

On the Persian invasion of

Jerusalem by Chosroes, he fled

to Alexandria, and took shelter

with St. John the Almsgiver till

he could return to his see. Butler,

Bollandus, Gk. Menologies.

SS. Sosipater and JasonBB. ist cent. (June 25). Men-tioned as kinsmen by St. Paulin his Epistle to the Romans(xvi. 21), and also in Actsxvii. 4. St. Sosipater is said

to have become Bishop of

Iconium and St. Jason of

Tarsus. Ado, Usuardus, Gk.Men., Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Sosthenes of CorinthC. ist cent. (Nov. 28). A Jewof Corinth seized and beatenby Gallic in the insurrectionof the Jews against St. Paul.

He is said to have been theruler of the synagogue, to havebeen converted and to havecollaborated with St. Paul in

the First Epistle to the Corin-thians. Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

SS. Sosthenes andVictorMM. 3rd cent. (Sept. 10).

Burnt alive together. (Cahier.)

St. SoterPope. c. 177 (Apr. 22). Suc-ceeded St. Anicetus in 173.He has been styled a martyr,but the manner of his deathor persecution is not stated.

Butler, Eusebius.

120

St. SoterM. Companion of St. Boniface

(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. Soteris of RomeV.M. 4th cent. (Feb. 10). Of

patrician birth, she declared

herself a Christian in the

Diocletian persecution and wasbeaten, tortured and beheaded.

Butler, Tillemont, Usuardus,

Ado, Rom. Mart.

St. Sozon of Pompeio-polisM. c. 304 (Sept. 7). Shoes with

spikes through them. (Attrib.

der Heil.) Gk. Men.

St. SperandeaofCingoliV. Abs. 1276 (Sept. 11). Said

to have been the sister of St.

Ubaldus. She was bom at

Gubbio and became Abbess of

the Benedictine nunnery at

Cingoli. Venerated at Cingoli.

BoUandists, Ferrarius.

St. Speratus, and Com-panions, of Carthage,the Scillitan Martyrs

c. zoo (July 17). Six men andsix women beheaded at Carthageunder the proconsul Satuminus,in the persecution of Severus.Relics at Lyons. Ado, Usuardus,St. Jerome, Rom. Mart.

St. SpesV.M. Legendary daughter of

St. Sapienta (Aug. i), q.v. Asa child, holding a sword.(Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Spes of Nursia, ItalyAb.C. (Mar. 28). Dove issuing

from Ms mouth at his death.(Cahier.) St. Gregory the Great,

Rom. and Bene. Marts.

St. Speusippus, andCompanions, ofLangres

(Jan. 17). Three brothers,born at one birth, burnt to

death at Cappadocia, with their

grandmother, Leonilla, in thereign of Marcus AureUus. Relics

at Langres in France. Butler,

Rosweide, Bollandus, Chatelain.

St. Spiridion of CyprusB.C. 348 (Dec. 14). In a cell,

holding rosary and book witha skuU near him. (XVI. cent,

window.) Needles for puttingout his eyes. (Attrib. der Heil.)

Giving a poor man an eel whichchanges into gold. (Callot.)

Butler, Rufinus, Socrates, Sozo-men, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Stachys of Constan-tinople

B. 1st cent. (Oct. 31). Men-tioned in St. Paul's Epistle to

the Romans. The RomanMartyrolo^ calls him Bishopof Byzantium, and says he wasordained by St. Andrew. Rom.Mart., Gk. Men.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Stanislaus of CracowB.M. 1079 (May 7). Martyredat the altar. {Callot.) Summon-ing a dead man to appear beforehim. (Cahier.) Butter and Rom.Mart, (on^above date) ; Greven,

Molanus, Canisius, Cologne,

Luheck and, Prague Marts, (onMay 8).

St. Stanislaus Kotskaof Poland

C. S.J. 1568 (Nov. 13). Twoangels communicating him.

(Vienna Gal. , A rtois. ) An angelat his side. (Attrib. der Heil)Caressing the Infant Saviour.{Pomerancia.) Butler (on abovedate) ; Rom. Mart, (on Aug. 15).

St. Staurocinus of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.

Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v

St. StephanidaM. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Tom be-tween two palm-trees. {Cahier.)

St. Stephen theProtomartyrD. 1st cent. (Dec. 26). Holdingpalm, stones on his head andshoulder. {Carpaccio, Brera,

Milan.) Banner charged withlamb and cross, stones on his

head. (Florence Gal.) Deaconholding stones in a napkin.

(Screen, Ranworth.) Stones in

his dalmatic. (B. de Bruijn.)

Ibid., one stone wounding his

head. (MS. Hours.) Stones in

his robe. (Arbor Past.) Stonesin his hand. (Screen, Hemp-stead.) Five stones on a book.(Screen, Herringfleet.) Twostones in one hand, one on his

head ; palm in the other hand.

(Tabl. de la Croix.) All Martyr-

ologies.

St. Stephen, B., andCompanions, ofCalabriaMM. ist cent. (July 5). Is said

to have been ordained Arch-

bishop by St. Paul and to havebeen put to the sword with

others of his flock imder the

governor Hieracos. Venerated

at Reggio. Metaphrastes, fan-ning, Gk. Men.

St. Stephen Harding of

CiteauxAb. 1134 (Apr. 17). B.y. Maryappearing to him with the

Infant Saviour. (Colum. milit.

Eccl.) Butler, Le Nain, Cister-

cian Annals, Rom. and Gall.

Marts., etc.

St. Stephen the

Younger of Constanti-

nopleM. 764 (Nov. 28). Dedicated

to religion by his parents before

his birth, he entered the Monas-

tery of St. Auxentius, near

Chaldecon, at the age of sixteen,

and became Abbot at thirty.

Q

After many trials his brainswere dashed out with a club

and his body torn to pieces bythe mob in the iconoclastic

persecution of ConstantineCopronymus. Gk. Men., Rom.Mart.

St. Stephen of Die, in

FranceB.C. 1209 (Sept. 7). Devilsappearing whilst he preaches.

(Cahier.)

St. Stephen of Grand-montAb. (Feb. 8). Founder of theOrder of Grandmont. Son of

the Viscount of Thiers in

Auvergne, he lived for forty-

six years in great austerity as

a recluse in the neighbourhoodof Limoges. His many disciples,

after his death, founded the

Abbey of Grandmont, where his

reUcs were enshrined. Rom.Mart.

St. Stephen of HungaryK.C. 1038 (Sept. 2). Carryinglegate's cross. (Revue de I'ArtChretien.) Standard with figure

of B.V. Mary. (Cahier.) Churchin his hand. (Ibid.) Standardwith a cross. (Husenbeth.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Stephen of ItalyAb. 6th cent. (Feb. 13). Anabbot of a monastery neeir Rieti,

renowned for the sanctity emdhumility of his hfe. He died

in extreme poverty, all his

bams and their contents being

burnt by his enemies. Butler,

Rom. Mart.

St. Stephen I. of KomePope. M. 257 (Aug. 2). Stabbedin the back before an altar.

(Der Heyl. Leb.) Sword in his

breast. (Weyen.) Baptizing

St. Lucilla, who recovers her

sight. (Cahier.) Obtaining the

destmction of the temple of

Mars by hghtning. (Ibid.)

Butler,Tillemont, Ado, Usuardus,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Stephen of ServiaK.M. 1333 (Nov. 11). Underthe title of Stephen Milutin II.

he reigned forty-six years over

Servia. Amongst other churches

he founded that of St. Stephen

the Protomartyr at Banja, in

which he was buried. Slav.

MencBas.

St. Stephen of SwedenM. gth cent. (Jime 2). Bishop

of Norrtelge.

St. Stephen of SyriaM. 479 (Apr. 25). Bishop of

Antioch.

St. Stephen of ToulouseC. c. 512 (Feb. 13). Bishop

of Lyons.

121

St. StephenM. Companion of St.^Socrates

(Sept. 17), q.v.

St. StratoM. (Sept. 9). Tom between twocedars. (Cahier.)

St. StratonicusM. Companion of St. Hermylus(Jan. 13), q.v.

St. Stremoine, SeeSt. Austremonius

(Nov. i).

St. Sturmi of FuldaAb. C. 779 (Oct. 16). Orderingtrees to be felled for buildinghis abbey. (Cahier.) Mabillon,Rom., Bene, and Ger. Marts.

St. Successus ofSaragossaM. Companion of St. Optatus(Apr. 16), q.v.

St. Sulien of Wales andBrittanyAb. Late 6th cent. (Nov. 8).

The Welsh tradition is that hesettled in Bardsey, founded thechurches of LlansUin and Wrex-ham, and died Abbot of Llan-carvan. The Bretons say heemigrated to Aleth, now St.

Malo,'"" and died Abbot of amonastery at St. SuHac. St.

Malo, Breviary (on above date) i

Leon Breviary (on July 29)

;

in Wales (on Sept. i).

St. Sulpicius of Belgium(Jan. 27). Bishop of Ghidain.

St. Sulpicius le Debon-naire of BourgesAbp. d. 644 (Jan. 17). Of noblefamily in Berri, he becameArchbishop of Bourges in 624,where, during his archbishopric,

he founded the monastery of

St. Sulpitius. Butler, Bollandus,Mabillon.

St. Sulpicius the Piousof BourgesAbp. 591 (Jan. 17). Visiting

the sick. (Callot.) Butler, Rom.Mart.

St. Sulpicius Severus ofBourges

B. c. 430 (Jan. 29). Bom of anillustrious and wealthy Romanfamily in Aquitaine, upon thedeath of his wife he entered theChurch and became a disciple

of St. Martin of Tours, whoselife he wrote. His most im-portant work was the abridg-

ment of sacred history from thebeginning of the world downto his own day. Butler, Bol-landus, Baronius, Rom. Mart.,etc.

St. Summereve.St. Maelrubha

(Aug. 27).

See

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Sunniva of Norway

Late loth cent. (July 8). Re-

garded with her brother (?)

St. Alban, as protomartyrs of

Sweden, but her story, which is

a purelylegendary Scandinavian

version of that of St. Ursula

and the eleven thousand virgins,

makes her of Irish birth. ReUcstranslated from the island of

Selja to Bergen in 1170. Greven,

Molanus, Canisius, Ferrarius,

Norwegian Kalendar, etc.

St. Sura of DordrechtV.M. c. nth cent. (June 8).

Holding a cutlass or fish knife.

[Cahier.)

St. Suranus of ItalyAb. M. 7th cent. (Jan. 24).

An Abbot in Umbria, noted for

his gifts to the poor, who wasmartyred by the Lombards.Butler, St. Gregory.

St. Surin. SeeSt. Severinus

(Oct. 23).

St. Susanna of Eleu-theropolis

V.M. c. 363 (Sept. 20). Daughterof a pagan priest, she was in-

structed and baptized by aChristian priest caUed Sylvanus.

In a popular timiult in the reign

of Julian she was seized by the

rabble and her breasts cut ofi.

Gk. Men.

St. Susanna of RomeV.M. c. 295 (Aug. II). Holdingsword and palm. (Statue,

Fiamingo, St. Maria di Loretto.)

Crown and sword. (Ikon.)

Crown and sceptres before her.

(Weyen.) Ado, Usuardus, Rom.Mart.

St. Susanna and Com-panionsMM. (May 24). Bearing palms

;

a child by each saint also bear-

ing a palm. (Calloi.)

St. SusannaM. Companion of St. Archelaa

(Jan. 18), q.v.

St. Swenfrewi. SeeSt. Winifred

(Nov. 3).

St. Swibert, or Swide-bert, the Elder, of

KaiserwoerthB. Ap.C. 713 (Mar. i). Apostleof the Frisians. Star on his

breast or in his hand. (Attrih.

der Heil.) Holding up a star.

(Munich Gal., B. de Bruijn.)

Star in the curve of his crosier.

(Pictures, Dusseldorf.) Preach-ing in a pulpit. (Lambrecht.)

Butler, Henschenius, Fleury,

Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Swithin of

WinchesterB. 862 (July 15). Cross in his

right arm. (Husenbeth.) Hold-

ing scroll with a seal, cloud

distilling drops in background.

(Engraving.) Butler, York andSarum Kalendars, Rom. Mart.

St. Syagrius of AutunB. 600 (Aug. 27). A Gaul

by birth, he became Bishop of

Autun about 560, where hedistinguished himself by ability

and learning. To him St.

Gregory the Great recom-mended the missionaries whoaccompanied St. Augustine to

England, granting the bishopric

of Autun precedence of aUothers in France after that of

Lyons. Butler, Ado, Usuardus(on above date) ; later Marts.

(on Sept. 2).

St. Sylvanus of GazaB.M. 311 (May 4). One of

those victims of persecutions

in Palestine who were sent to

labour in the copper mines.

Being too old to work, he wasbeheaded, with thirty-eight

others in Uke case, on the sameday. Usuardus, Gk. Men.,Rom. Mart.

St. Sylverius ofPandataria. SeeSt. Silverius

(June 20).

St. Sylvester ofBurgundy

526 (Nov. 20). Was Bishop of

Chalons-sur-Saone.

St. Sylvester of RomePope. c. 335 (Dec. 31). Hold-ing a sm^ dragon, its mouthentwined with three threads,

a weU at his feet (Jameson.)Holding a chained dragon.(Revue de I'Art Chretien.) Bap-tizing Constantine the Great.

(Callot.) Ox Ij^ng by his side.

(Das. Pass.) Tiara, doublecross and scroll ; female figure

bearing a label with " Silvester

. . . see me tua salva pee."

(Roodscreen, Houghton-le-Dale.)

Angel appearing Avith cross andoUve branch. (Gueffier.) Bede,


St. Sylvester Gozzoliniof AnconaAb. 1267 (Nov. 26). Corpsein a coffin before him. (Colum.mint. Eccl.) Butler, Helyot.

St. SylviaPen. c. 409(n.d.) Small earthenpan near her. (Cahier.)

St. SymmachusPope. 514 (July 19). Electedsuccessor to Pope Anastasiusin rivalry to Laurence, bothpontiffs being consecrated on

122

the same day. Theodoric de-

cided in Symmachus' favour,

biit later summoned him for

trial on various charges before

a council of ItaUan prelates.

On hisway to trial he was stoned

by the mob, but the charges

not being proven he was re-

instated. Anastasius the Librar-

ian, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Symphorian andCompanions,^ of

AntwerpMM. N.D. (Feb. 28). Fourteen

martyrs of Rome whose bodies,

removed from the catacombs

of SS. CaUixtus and Irene, were

translated to the Church of the

Jesuits at Antwerp, in 1650

-

Baring-Gould.

St. Symphorian of

AutunM. 270 (Aug. 22). Bound, aboutto be decapitated. (Statuary,

Chartres Cath.) Encouraged byhismother on hisway to mart5n:-

dom. (Callot.) Companion of

St. Timothy (Aug. 22), q.v.

Usuardus, Ado, St. Jerome,Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St SymphorianM. Companion of St. Claudius

(July 7), q.v.

St. SymphorosaofTivoliM. c. 125 (July 19). Thrownin a pit before the tyrant.

(Der Heyl. Leb.) Thown into

water, a stone tied to her neck.

(Blaise.) Her seven sons mar-tjred before her. (Cahier.)

Hung up by her hair. (Ibid.)

Butler, Ruinart, Ceillier, Rom.Mart.

St. Syncletica of Egyptv. d. c. 300 (Jan. 5). Bom at

Alexandria of wealthy Mace-donian parents, and heiress to

their estates, she gave her

fortune to the poor, cut off her

hair and consecrated herself

to religion in the deserts of

Scet^ under St. Macarius of

Alexandria. Butler, Rosweide,Rom. Mart.

St. Syntyche1st cent. (July 22). A memberof the Church of Philippi, she

is mentioned by St. Paul as

one who was his fellow-labourerin the Gospel. Rom. Mart.

St. Syra of TroyesV. c. 650 (June 8). Holding abroken halter and palm. (En-

graving.) Butler, Colgan. Vener-ated at Troyes.

St. Syrus of PaviaB. c. loi (Sept. 12). Raisinga widow's son to life. (Cahier.)

St. Tabbs.(Aug. 25).

See St. Ebba

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Taczko. SeeSt. Hyacinth

(Aug. i6).

St. Talarican ofScotlandB.C. 6th cent. (Oct. 30).

Described in the AberdeenBreviary as an Irishman whowas made a bishop by PopeGregory. Several churches in

Aberdeen, Moray and Ross are

dedicated to him. Dempster,King, Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Tancha of TroyesV.M. N.D. (Oct. 10). Thedaughter of a farmer at St.

Ouen, near Arcis, found mur-dered in a thorn thicket in

defence of her chastity. TroyesBreviary, Gall. Mart.

St. Tanco of VerdunB.M. c. 813 (Feb. 16). Abbotof Amabaric in Scotland, heemigrated to Germany, andlater became Bishop of Verdim.He was murdered by beingstabbed with a lance. Butler,

Lesley, Wyon.

St. Tanglan. SeeSt. Englat

(Nov. ^.

St. TanguidusAb. c. 590 (n.d.) His headsurrotmded by fire. (Cahier.)

St. Tarachus, and Com-panions, of AnazarbusMM. 304 (Oct. 11). A Romanwho had served in the army,tortured by Maximus, Governorof Cihcia, and thrown to wild

beasts in the arena with twocompanions. Butler, Ruinart,


St. Tarahata. SeeSt. Athracta

(Feb. 9).

St. Tarasius of Con-stantinople

Patr. C. 806 (Feb. 25). Pictures

of saints about him. [Ikon.)

Emperor at his death-bed. [Old

engraving.) Serving the poor

at table. [Cahier.)

St. Tarkan. See

St. Talarican(Oct. 30).

St. Tarsilla of RomeV. 6th cent. pec. 24). OurLord calling her to heaven.

{Gueffier.) Vision of Our Lord

ajid Saints appearing to her.

[Callot.) Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Tatta. See St. Tanco(Feb. 16).

St. TatianD.M. Companion of St. Hilary

(Mar. 16), q.v.

St. TatianM. Companion of St. Mace-

donius (Sept. 12), q.v.

St. TatianaV.M. (Jan. 12). Exposed to

wild beasts. [Callot.)

St. Tatwin of Canter-buryAbp. 734 (July 30). A Bene-dictine monk of Brenton, in

Mercia, and successor to St.

Britwdd as Archbishop of

Canterbury. Under him wasconfirmed the precedence of

Canterbury over York. Fer-rarius, Bede, Bollandists.

St. Taurinus of EvreuxB. 5th cent. (Aug. 11). Drivingwild beasts from the gates of

Evreux. [Reliquary, Church

of St. Taurin, Evreux.)

St. Taurinus of Ostia(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com-panion of St. Censurinus, q.v.

St. Tearnech. SeeSt. Devinic

(Nov. 13).

St. Tecla or TeathorCompanion of St. la (Oct. 27),q.v.

St. Teilo of LlandaffB. c. 580 (Feb. 9). Holding abell on short chain. [Engraving.)

Butler, Harfsfield, Bollandus,

Cafgrave, Wytford, Eng. Mart.

St. Telemachus of

RomeH.M. 404 (Jan. i). A sohtary

who journeyed to Rome to

preach against the gladiatorial

combats and, entering the arena,

was struck down and torn to

pieces. Butler, Bede, Theodoret,

Rom. Mart.

St. Telesphorus of

RomePope. M. c. 139 (Jan. 5). Aclub. [Attrib. der Heil.) Butler,


St. Telmo. See

St. Peter Gonzales(Apr. 15).

St. TereciusM. Companion of St. Dionysia

(Dec. 6), q.v.

St. Terentius of Alsacec. 440 (Oct. 29). Bishop of

Metz.

SS. Terentius andAfricanus, of AfricaMM. 247 (Apr. 10). Curing

a blind man. [Cahier.) St.

Terentius with a church in Mshand. [Ibid.)

St. Teresa of SpainV. 1582 (Oct. 15). Flamingarrow piercing her heart. [En-

graving.) In biretta, as a Doctor

of the Church ; holding penand book, a dove at her ear.

123

[Baring-Gould.) Holding penand book ; an angel by herwith arrow and heart. [Statue,

Vatican, F. Valle.) PaJm ; OurLord crowning her. [Fil. Lipfi.)

Kneehng with arms extended,

a dove over her head. [LeBrun.)

Crucifix and hly ; holding aheart with I H S. [Bramantino.)

Crucifix with diamonds on the

sacred woimds. [Ikon.) Plead-

ing for souls in purgatory.

[Rubens, Antwerp.) Crownedwith thorns ; instruments of

the Passion. [Spanish Gal.,

Louvre.) Pen in right hand,book and flaming arrow in left.

[Engraving.) Inflamed heart

in her hand. [Attrib. der Heil.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. TertiusCompanion of St. Olympas(Nov. 10), q.v.

St. TertuUaV.M. Companion of St. Antonia(Apr. 29), q.v.

St. TescelinC. Early 12th cent. (n.d.).

Standing by his son, St. Bernard(Aug. 20). [Window, CosseyHall.)

St, Tetricus ofLangres

B. 572 (Mar. 18). Son of St.

Gregory of Langres (Jan. 4)and great-imcle of St. Gregoryof Tours. He succeeded his

father, by popular election, as

Bishop of Tours. St. Gregory of

Tours, Gall. Mart.

St. TeuteriaV. 7th cent, (n.d.) Concealedby a cobweb. [Bagatta admis-sanda Orbis.)

St. Thaddeus, Disciple.

See St. Jude(Oct. 28).

St. Thais of EgyptPen. 348 (Oct. 8). In a cell.

[Solitudo.) Burning her jewels

and ornaments [Passionael.)

Butler, Rowseide, D'Andilly,

Bulteau.

SS. Thalassius andLimnseus, of SyriaHH. 5th cent. (Feb. 22). St.

Thalassius, a hermit in thediocese of Cyrus in Syria, hadfor pupil the youth Limnseus,

who afterwards became adisciple of the hermit Maro andwas distinguishedbyhischarities

to the blind. Butler, Theodoret.

St. Thalelseus of SyriaH. c. 460 (Feb. 27). A hermitwho built a small hut, and later

a barrel, in which he lived beside

a heathen shrine, seeking to

convert pagan worshippers byhis asceticism. Theodoret, Gk.Mencea.

Saints and their EmblemsCt. Thallelseus, andSompanions, of CiliciaMM. 284 (May 20). A physicianof Anazarbus who, fljang fromthe persecution of Numerian,took refuge in an olive planta-

tion, but was taken, tortured

and cast into the sea at Aegae.On reaching the shore, he wasbeheaded, with two of his execu-

tioners, who had shown com-passion on him in his sufferings.

Baronius, Gk. Mencea, Mod.Rom. Mart.

St. Tharsicus of RomeM. 255 (Aug. 15). An acolyte

who, bearing the sacramentto Christian prisoners in theValerian persecution, was set

on by the mob and beaten to

death. He was buried in thecemetery of St. Calixtus, his

sepulchre being adorned andinscribed by Pope St. Damasus(Dec. 11). Ado, Usuardus,Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Thea, and Com-panions, of CaesareaW. MM. 308 (July 25). Awoman of Gaza brought to trial

at Caesarea before the GovernorFirmilian. An onlooker, St.

Valentina, seeing her scourged

and racked, cried out against

the judge, and they were burnttogether. A companion, St.

Paul, was beheaded whUstpraying for his executioners.

Eusebius and Rom. Mart, (on

above date) ; Gk. Men. (on July15 and 17).

St. TheaM. Companion of St. Meuris(Dec. 19), q.v.

St. Thean, or Theaulon,of Belgium

Ab. c. 702 (Jan. 7). Workinggoldsmith, a book before him.(Cahier.) Chalice in one hand,abbatial staff in the other.

(Baring-Gould.) Crosier andchalice. {Acta Sanct.)Butler, Bollandus, Bulteau,

Cologne, Ger. and Belg. Marts.

St. Thecla of GermanyV. Abs. 8th cent. (Oct. 15).

A nun of Wimbome Abbey whoaccompanied St. Lioba (Sept. 28)

to Germany when summonedthither by St. Boniface (June 5)

,

by whom she was made Abbessof Kitzingen on Maine on the

death of St. Adeloga (Feb. 2).

Wyon, Wilson, Rom. and Ger.

Marts.

St. Thecla of SeleuciaV.M. 1st cent. (Sept. 23).

(Protomartyr of her sex.) Wear-ing a violet robe and holding

a palm. [Lorenzo Costa, BolognaGal.) Burnt to death. {Callot.)

Fire extinguished by rain, alion near her. (Gueffler.)

Dragged by bulls opposite ways.

[Old engraving.ySeTpents twinedround her arms. (Weyen.)

Globe of fire in her hand or

near her. (Cakier.) Lion at her

side ; cross in her hand. (Ibid.)

Unhurt amidst wild beasts.

(I kon.) Butler, Tillemont,

Stilting; Sarum, York andHereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart.

SS. Thecla, V., andJustina, C, of Sicily

3rd cent. (Jan. 10). St. Thecla,

a native of Lentini, wasarrested by the governorTertullus for burying the bodiesof martyrs and visiting themin prison. His sudden deathset her at Uberty, and with herfriend, St. Justina, she wasenabled to resume her works of

mercy, among them being the

concealment of Agatho, Bishopof Lipari, on one of her farms.

Venerated at Lentini. Baring-Gould.

St. TheclaM. Companion of St. Archelaa(Jan. 18), q.v.

St. TheclaM. Companion of St. Timothy(Aug. 19), q.v.

St. Theliau. SeeSt. Teilo

(Feb. 9).

St. Themistocles ofLyciaM. (Dec. 21). Iron caltrops nearhim. (Attrib. der Heil.)

St. Thenew, orTheneukes, of Scotland

Matr. 574 (July 18). Daughterof a chieftain living near Edin-burgh, and mother of St.

Kentigem. She is titular saint

of St. Enoch's—formerly St.

Theneuke's—Churchat GlasgowA berdeen Breviary.

St. TheobaldB.C. N.D. In episcopall vest-

ments. (Pulpit, Hempstead.)

St. Theobald of SensC. d. 1066 (July I). Shoe-maker's tools, (ikon.) Twoswans near him. (Baring-Gould.) Butler, Ger. and Gall.

Maris.

Bl. Theobald of Yauxde Cernay

Ab. 1247 (July 8). Son of

Bouchard de Montmorenci, hewas bom at the castle of Marliand trained to arms. He tookthe Cistercian habit at Vauxin 1220, and became Abbot ofthat community in 1234. Butler,

Le Nain, Bollandists (on Dec. 8).

St. Theodard of hihgeB.M. c. 668 (Sept. 10). A swordin his skull. (Cahier.) Veneratedat Liege and Maestricht. Mod.Rom. Mart.

124

St. Theodard of

NarbonneAbp. c. 893 (May i). Is said

to have been a just and good

prelate. His seat was con-

tested,but St. Theodard received

the papal sanction and his

adversary was excommunicated.Henschenius, Gall. Marts.

St. Theodehilda of SensV. 6th cent. (June 28). Daugh-ter of Clovis, King of the

Franks, from whom she received

a grant of land at Sens, whereshe founded the convent of

St. Pierre-le-Vif, in which she

died. Bollandists, Gall. Mart.

St. Theodora of

AlexandriaPen. 460 (Sept. 11). DevUtaking her hands. (Cahier.) In

the habit of a monk ; womanwith child in cradle accusing her

of being its father. (Passionael.)

In the habit of a monk. (A ttrib.

der Heil.) Gk., Russian, Coptic

and Mod. Rom. Marts.

St. Theodora of Con-stantinopleEmps. c. 867 (Feb. 11). Hold-ing a ring. {Weyen.) Butler,

Bollandus.

St. Theodora of BomeV.M. 117 (Apr. i). Sister of

Hermes, Prefect of Rome underHadrian, she accompanied herbrother to trial and encouragedhim during his tortures.

Brought before AureUan, shewas beaten and executed. Ado,Usuardus, Notker, Rom. Mart.

SS. Theodora, Y., andDidymus, of AlexandriaMM. 303 (Apr. 28). St. Theo-dora with a veil over her face.

(Cahier.) Ado, Usuardus, Rom.Mart.

St. Theodore Tyro ofAmasea

M. 306 (Nov. 9). Boimd to apost, his sides torn with hooks.{Window, Chartres.) Our B.Saviour appearing to him inprison. (Callot.) Firing thetemple of Cybele with a torch.

(Window, Chartres Cath.) Crossin hand. (Cahier.) Crucified.

(Ibid.) Crowned with thorns.(Ikon.) A funeral pUe. (Attrib.

der Heil.) On a white horse.

(Cahier.) Soldiers with a torchor by a furnace. (Baring-Gould).Butler, Papebroke, Usuardus,Ado, Bede; Sarum, York andHereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart.,etc.

St. Theodore of Canter-bury

Abp. 690 (Sept. 19). Adrian,Abbot of a monastery nearNaples, being proposed by PopeVitalian as Archbishop of

Canterbury as successor to

Wighard, declined the honourand suggested St. Theodore, aGreek of Tarsus, then living

at Rome. Under his rule Canter-bury obtained precedence overYork. He was the last foreign

missionary to occupy themetropolitan see. Bede, Wytford,Rom. Mart.

St. Theodore of Emilia4th cent. (May 19). A Bishopof Lucca.

St. Theodore ofHeracleaM. 319 (Feb. 7). Roman generalwith sword and dragon. {DieHeil.) Butler, Jos. Assemani,Rom. Mart.

St. Theodore of LybiaB.M. c. 310 (July 4). Bishop of

Cyrene, he was tortured andput to death for striking anidol with his shoe when com-manded to offer incense beforert. Gk. Mencea, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Theodore ofSiceon

B.C. 613 (Apr. 22). Ordainedpriest by the Bishop of Anas-tasiopolis, he founded a monas-tery near an ancient chapel of

St. George. Elected, againsthis will, as Bishop of Anastasio-polis, he held the see ten yearsbefore his resignation wasaccepted and he was enabledto return to Siceon. Butler,

Henschenius.

St. Theodore of theStudium at Constanti-nople

Ab.C. 826 (Nov. 11). Enteredthe monastic life under his

uncle, Plato of Constantinople.

He was beaten and banished

by the Emperor Constantine

Porphyrogenitus for opposing

his illegal marriage to Plato's

kinswoman, Theodota. Recalled

by the Empress Irene, he becamehead of ttie monastery of the

Studitmi. Butler (on Nov. 22) ;

Gk. and Russ. Menceas (on abovedate) ; Mod. Rom. Mart, (on

Nov. 12).

St. TheodoreB.C. 613 (Sept. 19). On horse-

back ; a crocodile under his

feet. (Columns, Piazetta,

Venice.) As the last, but spear-

ing a dragon with three heads.

{Coins of Monserrat.) Trampling

on the devO. {Callot.)

St. TheodoreM. Companion of St. Maurice

(Feb. 21), q.v.

SS. Theodore, Julian

and CompanionsMM., (Sept. 4). Burnt to death

in a furnace. {Husenbeth.)

Saints and their EmblemsSS. Theodore, C, andTheophanes, B.C., ofConstantinople

9th cent. (Dec. 27). Twobrothers of Jerusalem, exiledby Leo the Armenian to anisland in the Euxine. Return-ing to Constantinople on thedeath of Leo, they were im-prisoned, and again exiled byMichael Balbulus. By his sonTheophilus they were scourged,and again banished. Two yearslater, recalled to Constantinople,they were pubUcly scourged, andiambic verses were cut on theirforeheads till St. Theodore diedof his sufferings. From themanner of his death he is sur-

named " Grapt " or " The In-scribed." St. Theophanes, sur-

viving him, was later electedBishop ofNice. Butler, Baronius,Fleury, Rom. Mart.

St. Theodoret ofAntioch

P.M. 362 (Oct. 23). Torturedto the point of death and thenbeheaded by the governorJulian, uncle to the Emperorof that name. Butler, Sozomen,Mabillon, Theodoret, Baillet,

Ruinart, etc.

St. Theodoric ofRheimsP.H. 533 (Jtily I). Eagleshowing him where to build amonastery. {Cahier.) Flodoard,Usuardus,Maurolycus, Mabillon,BoUandists, Gall, and Mod. Rom.Marts.

St. Theodoric II. ofOrleans

B. 1022 (Jan. 27). Bom atChateau Thierry, he was at-

tached to the Court of Robertthe Good, later being elected

successor to Amulf, Bishop of

Orleans. He died, on a journey,

at Tonnerre, where his kinsman.Count MUo, built the Churchof St. Michaelj^over his body.Bollandus.

St. Theodorus. JSee

St. Theodore(Dec. 27).

St. Theodosia ofCaesareaV.M. 308 (Apr. 2). A book.{Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.)

A stone in her hand. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Ado, Eusebius, Gk.Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Theodosia of Con-stantinople

V.M. 726 (May 29). A nunamong the crowd of womenimplicated in an image-breakingriot in the time of the EmperorLeo the Isaurian {see St. Gregory,Aug. 9). With others, she wasdriven by the soldiery into theshambles, where she was struck

125

with a ram's horn in the throat,

and died of the wound. Gk.Mencea.

St. Theodosius of

AntiochH. c. 412 (Jan. 11). His hair

grown down to the ground.

{Cahier.) A coffin before him.{Ibid.) Hour-glass in his hand.{Ibid.)

St. Theodosius theCoenobiarch ofJerusalem

H. d. 529 (Jan. 11). Giving acord to a kneeling man. {Callot.)

Multipljdng wheat for monas-tery. {Cahier.) Bags of moneyby him. {Ibid.) Iron rings onhis neck and arms. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Receiving a traveller

in his hermitage. {Gueffler.)

Butler, Surius, Bollandus, Gk.Men., Rom. Mart., etc.

St. Theodata and herthree sons, of McoeaMM. 318 (Aug. 2). Heatedoven. {Chris. Kunst.) In acauldron of boiling oil. {Cahier.

)

St. Theodata of ThracePen. M. d. 642 (Sept. 29).

Scourged, racked and stonedto death by Agrippa, Prefectof Philippopolis, in Thrace, for

refusing to sacrifice to Apollo.

Butler, Stephen Assemani.

St. Theodotus ofLaodicea

B. 334 (Nov. 2). Successor to

Stephen, a Bishop of Laodicea,who abjured the Faith in thepersecution of Diocletian, hefell later into the Arian heresy,

and was concerned in the hbel-lous attack upon Eustathiusof Antioch. Ado, Usuardus,Rom. Mart.

SS. Theodotus andFronto, of AncyraMM. c. 304 (May 18). St Theo-dotus with torch and sword.{Ikon.) Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. TheodotusM. Companion of St. Maximus(Sept. 15), q.v.

St. TheodulaM. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Hangingby her hair to a cjrpress to whichher feet are nailed. {Attrib.

der Heil.)

St. Theodulus theStyliteH. c. 410 (May 28). Seated onthe top of a pillar. {Weyen.)Baring-Gould, Gk. Men.

St. Theodulus of SinaiM. c. 400 (Jan. 14). Devil withbeU at his feet. {A ttrib. der Heil.

)

As the last, the saint withsword and crosier. {Coins ofbishopric of Sion.) Rom. andGer. Marts.

Saints and their EmblemsSS. Theodulus andJulian, of CaesareaMM. 308 (Feb. 17). Burnt at a

stake. {Gueffier.) Nailed to a

cross. [Cahier.) St. Theodulus

with a ring in his hand. {lUd.)

Rom. Mart.

St. TheodulusM. Companion of St. Agathopus

(Apr. 4), q.v.

St. TheodulusM. Companion of St. Leontius

(June 18), q.v.

St. TheodulusM. Companion of St. Mace-donius (Sept. 12), q.v.

St. Theognis and Com-panionsMM. d. c. 320 (Jan. 3). Sonof the Bishop of Cyzicus. In

the persecution of Licinius he

was scourged and cast into the

sea at Cyzicus with SS. Primusand Cyrinus. St. Jerome, Bede,

Usuardus, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart.

St. Theonas of

AlexandriaAbp. C. 300 (Aug. 23). Suc-

cessor to St. Maximus as

Patriarch of Alexandria, in

which city a church was dedi-

cated to him by St. Alexander.

Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius,

Ceillier, etc.

St. TheonasM. Companion of St. Victor

(Apr. 20), q.v.

St. TheonasM. Companion of St. Paul

(Jan. 18), q.v.

St. Theonestus ofMacedonia

B.M. c. 485 (Oct. 30). Bishopof PhiUppi, he was exiled bythe Vandal King Huneric andcame to Rome, where he wassent on a mission to Germanywith St. Alban of Mainz(Jime 21) and others. On his

return to Italy, with one com-panion, they were arrested andput to death. Venerated at

Mainz and Altino. MainzBreviary, Rom. Mart.

St. TheonillaM. 3rd cent. (Aug. 23). Hungup by her hair and scourged.

[Cahier).

St. Theophanes of Con-stantinople

Ab. C. 818 (Mar. 13). Left

an orphan with large estates,

under the guardianship of the

Emperor Constantine Coprony-mus, on his marriage he foundedtwo monasteries, one of whichhe governed himself. UnderLeo the Armenian he was re-

moved, scourged, and banished

to Samothrace, where he died.

Butler.

St. Theophanes of Mt.DiabenumH. c. 300 (Sept. 9). A hermitupon Mount Diabenum whowas scourged in four separate

persecutions, but each time wasallowed to return to his cave,

which he occupied seventy-

five years before his death.

Gk. Menem and Menology.

SS. Theophanes, H.,

and Pansemne, Pen., ofAntioeh

N.D. (June 10). A hermit nearAntioeh and a woman re-

claimed by him from a life of

ill-fame, who joined him in his

life as a recluse and was buried

in the same grave. Gk. Mencsa.

SS. TheophanesB.C. Companion of St. Theo-dore (Dec. 27), q.v.

St. Theophilus of

AntioehB.C. c. 190 (Dec. 6 and Oct. 13).

A pagan convert who succeeded

Eros as Bishop of Antioeh in

the reign of Marcus AureUus.

He became celebrated as awriter on doctrine, and of his

works three books addressed to

his friend A5rtolycus have sur-

vived. Butler, Eusebius, Tille-

tnont, Rom. Mart.

St. Theophilus thePenitent of Cilicia

C. c. 538 (Feb. 4). Bound witha white cord kneeUng before

the B. V. Mary, devU at his side.

(Window, Grand Andely.) Devil

forced by B.V. Mary to ^veup a compact made with him.[Cahier.)

St. Theophilus theYounger of Cyprus

M. 790 (July 22). A senator of

Constantinople sent by theEmperor Constantine against

an Arab fleet attacking Cyprus.Taken prisoner, he was im-prisoned and exhorted to abjurethe faith, and on his persistent

refusal was beheaded. Rom.Mart, (on above date) ; Gk.Menaea (on Jan. 30).

St. Theophilus ofPalestine

c. 200 (Mar. 5). Bishop of

Caesarea.

St. TheophilusM. (Feb. 6). Companion of St.

Dorothy of Cappadocia, q.v.,

by whom he was converted.

St. Theophorus. SeeSt. Ignatius

(Feb. i).

St. TheopistaM. Wife and companion of St.

Eustachius (Sept. 20), q.v.

126

St. TheopistusM. Son and companion of St.

Eustachius (Sept. 20), q.v.

St. TheoprepiusM. Son of S^. Philetus and

Lydia (Mar. 27), q.v.

St. Theoritgitha of

BarkingV. 7th cent. (Jan. 26). A nunof Barking under St. Ethel-

burga (Oct. 11), praised by the

Venerable Bede for her humiUty.

Bede, Ang. Mart.

St. Theotimus thePhilosopher

B. Early 5th cent. (Apr. 20).

Educated in the philosophical

schools of Greece, he renouncedheathenism and became Bishopof Tomi, in Scythia. He becamecelebrated for his defence of

Origen at the sjmod held for the

condemnation of his works at

Constantinople towards theclose of the fourth century.

Sozomen, Socrates, Rom. Mart.

St. Theotontius, orTheotinus, of Coimbra

C. 1166 (Feb. 18). A cross in

his hand. [Cahier.) Forbiddingthe Queen of Portugal to enter

monastery. [Ibid.)

St. TheotychusM. Companion of St. Philemon(Mar. 8), q.v.

St. Theuderius. SeeSt. Chef

(Oct. 29).

St. Thibault. SeeSt. Theobald

(July I).

St. ThiemonB.M. iioi (n.d.) His bowelstorn out. [Cahier.)

St. Thierry. SeeSt. Theodoric II.

(Jan. 27).

St. Thillo. SeeSt. Thean

(Jan. 7).

St. Thivisiau. SeeSt. Turiaf

(July 13).

St. Thomas the ApostleM. ist cent. pec. 21). Holdinga spear or lance. [XV. cent,

window, Ludlow, and manyother instances. ) Spear and book.[XV. cent, window, Wintring-ham.) Pierced with a spear.

[Ch. of SS. Nereo and Achilles,

Rome.) Receiving a girdle fromthe B.V. Mary. [Raphael, Vati-

can; Fra Bartolomeo ; Molanus;Granacci, Florence Gal.) Acarpenter's square. [Raphael;Israel van Kecken, MS. Hours.)

Saints and their EmblemsTouching our B. Saviour'swounds. (i?M6e»s, Antwerp

;

Fresco, St. Albans.) Bearingan arrow. (Husenbeth.) Scroll

with his text from the creed :

Descendit ad inferna, tertia

die resurrexit a mortuis. {Fair-

ford.) All Martyrologies.

St. Thomas AquinasDr.C. 1274 (Mar. 7). Star onhis breast. {B. Angelico, Pitti

Gal.) As the last ; rays issuing

from a book in ms hand.(Benozzo Gozzoli, Louvre.) Cruci-

fix speaking to him. {F. Vanni,Pisa.) Sun on his breast. {Giov.

Ang. da Fiesole, Vatican ) Doveat his ear. {Arbor Past.) Doveon his shoulder. {Lib. Cronic.)

ChaUce and Host. {Molanus.)

With two wings. {Cahier.)

Holding a monstrance jointly

with St. Norbert. {Convent

of St. Leonards-on-Sea.) Girdedby angels when asleep. {Cahier.

)

Pen and book. {Butler's Lives.)

A Life by Bartholomew of Lucca,Butler, Bollandists, Rom. Mart.,

etc.

St. Thomas a Becketof CanterburyAbp. M. 1170 (Dec. 29). Upperpart of his head cut off and held

in his hands. {Statuary. Wells

Cath.) Crosier with battle-axe

head. {Roodscreen, Sfarham.)Archiepiscopal cross withpallium. {Screen, Attleborough.)

Washing a leper's feet. {Burg-

maier.) Sword in his head, or

mitre. ,{Ikon.) Sword across

the back of his head. {Arbor

Past.) Sword inverted ; archi-

episcopal cross. {Mural paint-

ing, Stake-Charity Church,

Winchester.) Martyred at the

altar. {Christchurch Cath.,

Oxford.) Receiving a red

chasuble from the B.V. Mary.{Cahier.) Sarum, York andHereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart^

St. Thomas Cantelupeof Hereford

B.C. 1282 (Oct. 2). A son of

William, Baron Cantelupe, bomat Hambledon in 1218, he

studied first under his uncle,

Walter, Bishop of Worcester,

and later in Paris and Orleans.

On his return to England he

was elected Chancellor of

Oxford University, and later

Chancellor of England under

Henry III. He was also Canon

and Precentor of York, Arch-

deacon of Stafford, Canon of

Lichfield, London and Hereford,

besides holding eight parish

livings. In 1275 he succeeded

John Le Breton as Bishop of

Hereford. Becoming involved

in litigation, he was excommuni-

cated by Archbishop Peckham

of Canterbury, and, crossing

over to Rome to lay his case

before Pope Martin IV., was

there seized with illness, anddied. His bones were broughtto England and enshrined in

Hereford Cathedral Butler,

Capgrave, Harpsfield : Sarumand York Breviaries, Rom Mart.

St. Thomas Lauder ofScotland

1476 (Nov. 4). A Bishop of

Dunkeld.

St. Thomas of YillanovaAbp. C. 1555 (Sept. 18). Bishopwith a wallet in his hand, andbeggars about him. {Murillo.)

As a boy, dividing his clothes

with four poor boys. {Ibid.)

Butler, Pinius, Rom. Mart.

Bl. Thomas Canti-pratanus

B.C. O.P. 13th cent. (n.d.).

Adoring our B. Saviour appear-ing in the ciborium. {Lib.

Sand. Belgii, Woodchester.)

Bl. Thomas of CoriC. 1729 (n.d.). Christ appearingto him and caressing him at

Mass. {Cahier.)

Bl. Thomas ofLancasterM. 1321 (Mar. 22). A cousin-

germain to Edward II., it wasat his order that Gaveston wasexecuted at Coventry. Later,

falling into the hands of

the King, he was beheaded at

Pontefract. Greven, Canisius,

Ferrarius.

St. ThomassusC. 1337 (n.d.) CarmeUte carry-

ing water turned into wine.

(Cahier.)

StThorlac of IcelandB. 1193 (Dec. 23). Son of

Thorhallr and Halla, he waseducated by Eyjolf the priest

at Odda, ordained deacon byBishop Magnus, and priest byBishop Bjom at Holar, after

which he went to study at

Paris and Lincoln. Retmmngto Iceland he fovmded a monas-tery at Thykkubae, and in 1178was consecrated Bishop of Skal-

holt by Archbishop Eysteinnof Nidaros, which see he held

for fifteen years before his death.

Danish Mart. Venerated in

Iceland (on June 29).

St. Thraseas of AsiaMinorM. c. 171 (Oct. 5). A Bishopof Sm5niia.

St. Thrasilla. See

St. Tarsilla(Dec. 24).

St. ThurianB.C. 749 (n.d.) Boy keepingsheep. {Cahier.) Dove on his

shoiJder. {Ibid.)

St. ThutaelM. (n.d.j Sawed in pieces onacross, (ikon.)

127

St. Thyrsus and Com-panions, of PhrygiaMM. 250 (Jan. 28). ThreeChristians, tortured to death

by Combritius, Governor of

Bithynia, in the Decian persecu-

tion. Butler, Sozomen, Rom.Mart (on above date) ; Gk. Men.(on Dec. 14).

St. ThyrsusD.M. Companion of St. Ando-chius (Sept. 24), q.v.

St. ThyrsusM. Companion of St. Boniface

(Oct. 4), q.v.

St. TibbaV. (Mar. 6). Kinswoman andcompanion of St. Kyneburgha,q.v. She was venerated in

Rutlandshire as a recluse.

Butler, Camden.

St. TibuldusC. 1150 (n.d.) Sweeping achurch. {Cahier.)

St. Tiburtius of RomeM. 286 (Aug. 11). Walking onred-hot coals. {Attrib. der Heil.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. TiburtiusM. Companion of St. Valerian

(Apr. 14), q.v.

St. Tigernach of IrelandB. 6th cent. (Apr. 5). Kneehngat entrance of a cave. {Engrav-

ing.) Butler, Usher, Henschenius,Aberdeen Breviary.

SS. Tigris, or Tigrius,

P., and Eutropius, Le.,

of ConstantinopleMM. c. 404 (Jan. 12). A priest

and eunuch mart37red in therevolt against Arsacius for

usurping the patriarchate of

Constantinople, held by St.

John Chrysostom. St. Tigris

was racked and scourged, andSt. Eutropius, after grievoustortures,died in prison. Sozomen,Socrates, Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Tilberht. SeeSt. Gilbert

(Apr. I.)

St. Tilloine or Tilman.See St. Thean

(Jan. 7).

St. Timolaus and Com-panions, of CaesareaMM. 303 (Mar. 24). Eightyoung men Christians who pre-

sented themselves with boundhands before Urbanus, Governorof Caesarea, during the Dio-cletian persecution, declaringthemselves Christians, and wereallbeheaded together. Eusebius,Rom. Mart., Gk. Men.

St. Timon of CorinthD.M. ist cent. (Apr. 19). Burntto death. {Callot.)

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Timothy of EphesusB.M. 97 (Jan. 24). A club.

{Window, Neuwiller.) A club

and a stone. (Atirib. der Heil.\

Stoned to death. {Lambrecht.)

Butler, Tillemont, Rom. Mart.

St. Timothy, B., andCompanions, of GazaMM. (Aug. 19). Martyred miderUrbanus, Governor of Palestine,

St. Timothy was burned to

death over a slow fire, and SS.

Thecla and Agapius thrownto wild beasts. The latter sur-

viving, stones were tied to his

feet and he was cast into thesea. Butler, Eusebius, Assemani,Gk. Men.

St. Timothy and Com-panions, of RomeMM. c. 311 (Aug. 22). Scourgedto death. [Der Heyl. Leb.)

Butler, Tillemont, Baillet, Rom.Mart.

SS. Timothy andApoUinaris, of E-heimsMM. Late 3rd cent. (Aug. 23).

St. Timothy, on a mission to the

East, was scourged before Lam-padius. Governor of Rheims.ApoUinaris, a bystander, con-

verted by his sufferings, wastortured and beheaded withhim. Ado, Usuardus, Flodoard,


SS. Timothy, Le., andMaura, of the ThebaidMM. 286 (May 3). Funeral

pile. (Ikon.) Brazier of fire be-

tween them. (Cahier.) Gk.

Men., Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Titian of Lombardy526 (Mar. 3). Bishop of Brescia.

St. Titus. SeeSt. Clement

pec. 4).

St. Titus of PalestineB. Ap. 1st cent. (Jan. 4).

His face bright and beaming(Attrib. der Heil.) Bareheaded,in chasuble, with plain pastoral

staff. (Antechap., Mag. Coll.,

Oxon.) All Marts.

St. Tochanna. SeeSt. Machar

(Nov. 13).

St. Tochumra of

IrelandV. (June 11). Titular saint of

the parish of Tochumracht, orKillfenora, in Munster. Butler.

St. Toel. See

St. Docmael(June 14).

St. Tooley. SeeSt. Olaf

(July 29).

St. Torpesius, or Torpet,

of PisaM. c. 68 (May 17). As Romanwarrior, holding banner with ared cross. {Duomo, Pisa.)

Beheaded by an executioner.

(Ibid.) His corpse in a boatsteered by an angel. (Cahier.)

With a boat. (Baring-Gould.)

Hrabanus, Ado, Rom. Mart.

St. Torquatus andCompanions, of SpainBB. 1st cent. (May 15). Sevenapostles said to have been sent

by SS. Peter and Paul to preachin Spain. Driven out of Cadiz,

they settled near Algeciras.

Usuardus (on above date) ;

Compostella Missal (on May 7).

\_N.B.—^All the seven are also

commemorated separately, St.

Torquatus only on this day.]

St. ToscanoV. N.D. Book and rosary.

(Bosio).

St. Tosso, or Tozo, ofAugsburg

B.C. c. 661 (Jan. 16). Lightedtorch and rosary. (Bavaria Pia.)

St. TotnanD.M. Companion of St. Kilian

(July 8), q.v.

St. Tradlius or Tradwall.

See St, Triduana(Oct. 8).

St. Trallen or Tralleu(Ibid.)

St. Tranquillinus ofRomeM. 286 (July 6). Converted bySt. Sebastian (Jan. 20), he is

said to have been baptized bythe priest Polycarp and ordaiaedpriest by Pope St. Caius. Hewas stoned to death whilepra5dng at the tomb of St. Paul.

Ado, Usuardus, Notker, Rom.Mart., etc.

St. Tredwell orTreddles. SeeSt. Triduana

(Oct. 8).

St. Tresain, or Tresanus,of Mareuil

P.C. 6th cent. (Feb. 7). Witha budding staff. (Baring-Gould.)Flodoard, Colgan, Avenay Brevi-ary, Gall. Mart.

St. Triduana ofScotlandV. (Oct. 8). Tradition states

that she came with St. Regulusfrom Constantinople bearing therehcs of St. Andrew to Scotland,and that she died at Restalrigin Lothian. Her church therewas destroyed at the Reforma-tion. She was formerly invokedby sufferers from sore eyes.

Arbuthnot, Dempster, AberdeenBreviary.

128

St. Trojanus of

SaintongeB. 532 (Nov. 30). Elected

Bishop of Saintes in 511, he

became celebrated for his

virtues. Some of his corres-

pondence with Eumerius,Bishop of Nantes, on the subject

of baptism, still survives.

Usuardus, Ado, Gall, and Rom.Marts.

St. Trond. SeeSt. Trudo

(Nov. 23).

St. Tropez. SeeSt. Torpesius(May 17).

St. TrophimaV.M. N.D. (July 5). Her bodyis said to have been discovered

on the shore of the Bay of

Salermo in amarble[sarcophaguscarved with an inscription in

hexameters containing her

name. Baring-Gould. Vener-ated at Amalfi.

St. Trophimus of AriesM. c. 270 (Dec. 29). In episcopal

vestments. (Statuary, Aries.)

Carrying his own eyes pluckedout. (Chris. Kunst.) Gk. Men.,Rom. and Gall. Marts.

St. Trudbert of BresgauH.M. 643 (Apr. 26). Founderof the monastery of his name in

the Miinsterthal, near Staufen,he was murdered whilst asleep

by his head being cleft with anaxe. Usuardus, StrasburgBreviary. Venerated in theBlack Forest.

St. Trudo of BelgiumAb. 698 (Nov. 23). Fountainspringing under his staff.

(Cahier.) Church in his hand.(Ibid.) Usuardus, Wandelbert,Florus, Rom. and Belg. Marts.

St. Trumwin of thePicts

B. 686 (Feb. 10 or Dec. 2).

A monk of Whitby ordain«ibishop and sent on a missionto the Pictish tribes. He diedat Whitby, where he is buried,in St. Peter's Church. Dempster,Bede.

St. Truyen. SeeSt. Trudo

(Nov. 23).

SS. Tryphsena andTryphosa, of RomeVV. MM. 1st cent. (Nov. 10).

St. Tryphasna with an ox orbull near her. (Cahier.) Rom.xvi. 12; Rom. Mart.

SS. Trypho andRespicius, of ApamseaMM. 250 (Nov. 10). Nativesof a Phrygian village nearApamaea, taien in the Decian

Saints and their Emblemspersecution and sent in ironsto Nicaea for trial before thegovernor Aquilinus. They weretortured, exposed naked tofalling snow, and finally be-

headed. St. N5anpha, a virgin

of Palermo, who died at Siena,is sometimes associated withthem, through being buriedin the same grave. Ruinart,Rom. Mart.

St. Tryphon and TwelveCompanions, ofAlexandriaMM. c. 250 (July 3). Feetnailed to the ground. [Callot.)Hung up ; burnt with torches.[Old engraving.) St. Tryphondragged by a horse. [DasPass.)

St. Tryphonia of RomeW.M. c. 150 (Oct. 18). Tradi-tionally described as the wifeof Decius Caesar, convertedto Christianity by that per-

secutor's sufferings and death.The Acts are worthless andthe whole story apocryphal.Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart.

St. TryphosaM. Companion of St. Tryphaena(Nov. 10), q.v.

St. Tugdual, Tugduval,Tual, Tudal or Tudwal,of Tregnier

B. c. 564 (Nov. 30). In papal(sic) vestments, a dragon at his

feet. {Baring-Gould.) Gall.

Marts.

St. Turiaf, or Turiac, ofBrittany

B. c. 749 (July 13). Bom in

the diocese of Vannes, he waseducated at Dol, of which see

he became Bishop about the

year 733. Rehcs at St. Germaindes Pres, Paris. Butler, Lobineau,

Bollandists.

St. Turibius. See

St. Alphonso(Mar. 23).

St. Turibius of AstorgaB.C. c. 460 (Apr. 16). Carrying

fire in his rochet. [Cahier.)

Rom. and Spn. Marts.

St. Turninus of the

NetherlandsC. Late 8th cent. (July 17).

An Irish priest who came over

to the Netherlands with St.

Foillan (Oct. 31). and con-

ducted a mission in the neigh-

bourhood of Antwerp. Relics

near Liege. Butler, Colgan.

SS. The TwelveBrothers of Bene-ventumMM. c. 303 (Sept. i). Natives

of Carthage tortured and sent

to Italy in chains for execution.

Arontius, Honoratus, Fortun-atus and Sabinianweremartyredat Potentia on Aug. 27 ; Janu-arius and Fehx I. at Venusia onAug. 28 ; Vitahs, Sator andRepositas at Vehnianum

; andDonatus and Felix II. on Sept. i

atSentianum. Butler, Baronius,

Rom. Mart.

St. Tychicus1st cent. (Apr. 29). One of thedisciples of St. Paul.

St. Tygria of MaurienneV. 6th cent. (June 25). Tradi-tion states that she travelled

from the Cottian Alps to Alex-andria, whence she brought afinger of St. John the Baptist,

over which Gunthram, Dukeof Burgundy, buUt the Cathe-dral of St. Jean de Maurienne,where the relic is enshrinedwith an arm of St. Tygria.Baring-Gould.

St. Tygrius. SeeSt. Tigris

(Jan. 12).

St.Tyllo. A^eeStThean(Jan. 7).

SS. Tyranno, B.,

Zenobius and Compan-ions, of TyreMM. 304 (Feb. 20). EgyptianChristians martyred at Tyrein the Diocletian persecution.

They were scourged, . exposedto wild beasts in the arena, andfinally slain with the sword andthrown into the sea. Butler,

Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. UbaldescaV. N.D. Palm and Holy Waterstoup. (Bosio.)

St. Ubaldus of GubbioB. 1160 (May 16). Cross, orbanner with cross in his hand.[Cahier. ) Butler, Ferrarius,

Rom. Mart.

St. Udalric. SeeSt. Ulric

(July 4)-

St. XJgo of Tuscany1184 (Sept. 8). Bishop of

Volterra.

St. UgolinaV. c. 130 (n.d.). In a cave, wear-ing a coat of mail. (Cahier.)

St. UhananM. Companion of St. Narses(Nov. 30), q.v.

St. Ulmar. See

St. Yulmar(July 20).

St. Ulphia of AmiensV. 8th cent. (Jan. 31). Praying,

a frog near her. (Cahier.)

St. Ulpian of TyreM. 304 (Apr. 3). Racked andscourged before the governor

129

Urbanus, he was sewn in a sack

with a dog and a viper andthrown into the sea. Butler,


St. Ulric of AugsburgB. c. 973 (July 4). Asleep ; twoangels before him, one with the

B. Sacrament, the other withcrosier and chaUce. (Der Heyl.

Leb.) Angel bringing him achalice and cross. (Bilder

Legende.) Angel bringing across to him whilst on horse-

back in battle. (Icon. Sanct.)

Fish on book. (Husenbeth.)

A fish in his hand. (Lib. Cronic,

A. Durer.) Giving a coat to apoor man. (Attrib. der Heil.) St.

Simpertus appearing to him.(Cahier.) A mad dog at his side.

(Baring-Gould.) Ger. and Rom.Marts.

St. UlricH. d. 1154 (Feb. 20). Bomnear Bristol, he was ordainedpriest and retired to Hesel-

borough in the county of Dorset,

where he hved as a recluse until

his death. Holding a book.(Engraving.) Butler, Harpsfield,

Matthew of Paris, Henry ofHuntingdon.

St. Ulric. SeeSt. Wulfric

(Feb. 20).

St. Ultan of FossesC. c. 686 (May i). Brother to

SS. Fursey and FoUean. Hetravelled with the last namedinto France and founded themonastery of Fosses, near Liege,

on an estate granted him bySt. Gertrude of NiveUes. Hewas murdered by robbers in

the forest of Sonce in Hainault.

St. Ultan of IrelandB. 656 (Sept. 4). First Bishopof Ardbraccan, co. Meath, hewas renowned for his charitytowards foundling children.

Butler, Colgan.

St. Ultius. SeeSt. Wulsin

(Jan. 8).

Bl. UmbertC. N.D. Dominican ; long nail

or stylus in his right hand, bookin left. (Predella, Era Angelica.)

St. Uncomber. SeeSt. Wilgefortis

(July 20).

St. Urban I., ofRome

Po. M. 230 (May 23). Scourgedat a stake. (Callot^ Beheaded,idol falling from a brokencolimm. (Der Heyl. Leb.) Bap-tizing Valerian and Tibertius.

(Cahier.) Butler, Tillemont, Rom.Mart.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Urban of Langres

B. 5th cent. (Jan. 23). A vine

beside him. (Molanus.) Bookwith wine-vessel on it. {Church,

Tyrol.) Grapes on a missal

;

triple cross. (Marling Church,

Tyrol.) Open missal ; twobunches of grapes under it.

(Si!. Peter's, Tyrol.) Confusing

him with the Pope St. Urban.

(May 25).

St. UrbanM. Companion of St. AmpUas(Oct. 31), q.v.

St. Urban of SaragossaM. Companion of St. Optatus

(Apr. 16), q.v.

St. Urbanus of Abruzzigth cent. pec. 7). Bishop of

Chieti.

St. Urbicius of

ClermontB. 312 (Apr. 3). A senator

who left his wife, was ordained

priest and became Bishop of

Clermont. His wife pursuing

him, he reUnqmshed the epis-

copate and entered a monastery!

Si. Gregory of Tours, Gall. Marts.

St. Urbicius of Lorrainec. 420 (Mar. 20). Bishop of

Metz.

St. Urith. See

St. Hiersetha(July 8).

St. Ursicinus of

lUyricum (?)B.M. 67 (Aug. 14). Carrying

his head, cut off, palm branches

sprouting from his neck. (Die

Heil.)

St. UrsicinusM. Companion of St. Agripanus

(Feb. i), q.v.

St. Ursinus of Berric. 280 (Nov. 9). Bishop of

Bourges.

St. Ursmar of HainaultB. 713 (Apr. 19). Casting

out a devil. (Old engraving.)

Appearing in the air to cavalry.

(Cahier.) Butler, Henschenius.

St. Ursula and Com-panionsW. MM. c. 451 (Oct. 21).

Holding an arrow and white

banner with red cross. (Car-

paccio.) Arrow ; virgins pro-

tected beneath her cloak. {XV.cent, window, Hault Hucknall,

Derby.) Protecting a multitude

of persons, many being clerics

of high rank, with her cloak

held up by angels. {XVI.

cent. Flemish window, Grosvenor

Thomas collection.) Two arrows.

(Burgmaier.) Three arrows.

(XV. cent, window, Wintring-

ham.) Crowned, with book and

arrow. {Window, Munich Cath.)

Crowned with flowers, and hold-

ing a dove. (Brusasorci, Louvre.

)

Holding a very long arrow.

(St. John's de Sepulchre, Nor-

wich.) Triple crown, sceptre

and palm ;protecting virgins

with her mantle. (Seal of the

Drapers' Company, London.)

Shot with an arrow, virgins

slain around her. (Cat. Sanct.)

Shot by five arrows, naked to the

waist. (Roodscreen, Torbryan.)

In a ship with a Pope, bishop

and others, being shot at by an

archer on the shore. (Das Pass.)

Landing from a ship, or with a

ship near her. (Chris. Kunst.)

Dove at her feet. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Butler, Usher, Wandel-

bert; York, Sarum, Hereford

and Durham Breviaries; Gall,

and Rom. Marts., etc. etc.

St. Ursus of Emilia396 (Apr. 13). Bishop of

Ravenna.

SS. Ursus, and Yictor,

of SoleureMM. c. 300 (Sept. 30). Thebansoldiers with banner and sword.

(Die Heil.) Ado, Usuardus,

Rom. Mart.

St. UthoH. N.D. Discovered in his cell

by a hunter. (Bavaria Pia.)

Hanging an axe on a sunbeam.(Cahier.)

St. Vaast or Yaat. See

St. Yedast(Feb. 6).

St. YalensD.M. Companion of St. Pam-philus (June i), q.v.

St. YalentinaV.M. Companion of St. Thea(July 25), q.v.

St. Yalentine of PassauB. c. 440 (Oct. 29). Sent bythe Pope on a mission to Passau,

he returned to Rome, confessing

failure, but was consecrated

Bishop of Passau, and returned

to his labours. Again failing

in his efforts, he retired to theRhaetian Alps and built achapel and monastery at Maisin the Tyrol, where he died.

Relics at Passau. Rom. Mart.(on above date). Venerated at

Passau (on Jan. 7).

St. Yalentine of RomeP.M. 269 (Feb. 14). A priest

bearing a sword. (Ikon.) Hold-ing a sun. (Cahier.) Givingsight to a blind girl. (Gueffler.)

Butler, Henschenius, Bede,


St. Yalentine ofTerracina

B.C. 312. Raising a dead boyto life. (Attrib. der Heil.)

180

St. YalentioM. Companion of St. Pasicrates

(May 25), q.v.

St. YalentiusM. N.D. A scythe. (Ikon.)

St. YaleriaM. (Apr. 28). Wife of St.

Vitahs, q.v. Executioner stand-

ing over her with a sword.

(XII. cent, window, Le Mans.)

Refusing to worship an idol.

(Ibid.)

St. Yaleria of LimogesV.M. c. 250 (Dec. 9). Presenting

her decapitated head to St.

Martial, saying Mass. (Window,

Limoges Cath., Vatican, Spa-

darino.) Bearing her head with

coronet in her hand. (Window,

Limoges Cath.)

St. Yalerian, Bishop of

Abbeuza, in Africa457 (Dec. 15). Lying on the

grotmd exposed to the air.

(Gueffier.) Rom. Mart.

St. Yalerian, and Com-panions, of RomeMM. 229 (Apr. 14). Our Saviouranimating him to suffer. (Icon.

Sanct.) Seeing an angel nearSt. Cecilia. (Cahier.) Butler,

Baronius.

St. YalerianM. Companion of St. Marcellus

(Sept. 4), q.v. He was racked,

torn with iron hooks, and be-

headed atToumus on the Saone,

between Dijon and Chalons.

St. Yalerius ofCampania

C. c. 500 (Jan. 16). Bishop of

Sorrento.

St. Yalerius ofSaragossa

B. Early 4th cent. (Jan. 28).

Suffering from an impedimentin his speech, he employed St.

Vincent (Jan. 22) to speak for

him at his trial in the Decianpersecution, when St. Vincentwas executed and St. Valerius

exiled. Rom Mart, (on abovedate). Also celebrated on Jan.

19, 22, 23 and 29.

St. Yalerius of TrierB. Late ist cent. (Jan. 29).

Sent with SS. Eucherius andMatemus by St. Peter to preachthe Gospel in Gaul. St. Valerius

succeeded the first named onhis death as Bishop of Treves,and was himself succeeded bySt. Matemus. Most ancient

Martyrologies.

St. Yalery of PicardyAb. 622 (Apr. I and Dec. 12).

Boy keeping cattle and learning

to read. (Cahier.) Butler,

Mabillon, Ado, Usuardus, Rom.Mart.

SaintsSt. Valpurge. SeeSt. Walburgis, Abs,

(Feb. 25).

St, Yaltrude. SeeSt. Waltrudis

(Apr. 9).

St. Vandrille of

FontanelleAb. c. 667 (July 22). A yoiing

noble, a kinsman of Pepin of

Lauden, who after marriageagreed, with his wife, to enter

rdigious houses. He spent someyears as a monk at Bobbio, andin 648 established the great

monastery of FontaneUe in

Normandy known by his name.Rom., Gall, and. Bene. Marts.

St. Vaneng ofFontanelle

C. c. 688 (Jan. 9). He wasmadeGovernor of a part of Neustriain Normandy, now known as

Pays de Caux, by Clothaire III.

Later he assisted St. Vandrille

in building the churches of SS.

Peter and Paul at Fontanelles,

and founded the Church of

Holy Trinity at Fecamp.Butler, Mabillon, Bollandus.

St. Yannus of YerdunB.C. 525 (Nov. 9). A monkchosen Bishop of Verdun c. 498,who occupied the see till his

death in 525. He is patron of areformed order of Benedictines

imder the title of SS. Vanneand Hydulphus. Butler, LeCointe.

St. Yarns of EgyptM. c. 290 (Oct. 19). A flail in

his hand. [Attrib. der Heil.

;

Window, St. Cuthbert's, Wells.)


St. Yasius, or Yaise, of

SaintongeM. c. 500 (Apr. 16). A rich

yoimg noble of Saintes whospent his income in relieving

the poor. His uncle, Proculus,

resenting his liberality, seized

some of his lands, and on St.

Vasius appealing to King Alaric

for redress set on him andmurdered him. On the site of

his martyrdom was foimded the

priory of St. Vaise. Saintes

Breviary.

St. Yaudru. See

St. Waltrudis(Apr. 9).

St. Yauge, or Yorech, of

Cornwall. See

St. Yougas(June 15).

St. Yautrude. See

St. Waltrudis(Apr. 9).

and their EmblemsSt. Yedast of Arras

B. 539 (Feb. 6). A wolf witha goose in its mouth, i^ooj.

Earl Stonham.) A wolf before

him in a thicket. {Das Pass.)

Curing a bUnd man. (Cahier.)

Butler, Henschenius, Rom., Gall.,

Belg. and Sarum Marts.

St. Yeerle. SeeSt. Pharaildis

(Jan., 4).

St. Yenantius ofCamerinoM. c. 250 (May 18). Plan of

Camerino in his hand. {Cahier.)

Causing a foimtain to spring up.

{Ibid.) Banner ; a wall nearhim. {Attrib. der Heil.) Butler,

Bollandists, Rom. Mart.

St. YenantiusFortunatus of Poitiers

B. c. 600 (Dec. 14). An Italian,

bom near Treviso and educatedat Ravenna. Being cured of aninflammation of the eyes by theintercession of St. Martin of

Tours, he came to that city to

visit the relics. Going thenceto Poitiers, he entered the priest-

hood and succeeded Plato as

Bishop of that city c. 594. St.

Gregory of Tours, Gall. Marts.Specially venerated at Poitiers.

St. Yenantius of Toursc. 500 (Oct. 13). Lions abouthim. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. YenerandBrother of St. Maximus (May25), q.v.

St. Yeneranda, orYenera, of Troyes

V.M. 150 (Nov. 14). In a ship

on fire. {Weyen.) In a cauldronof boihng pitch ; cross in herhand. {Cahier.) Bearing palmon which are three crowns.{Ibid.)

St. Yenerius of OstiaA gaoler and companion of St.


St. YenerusH. 7th cent. Raven bringinghim food. {Cahier.)

St. Yennole. SeeSt. Winwaloe

(Mar. 3).

St. Yeranus of

Champagne6th cent (Oct. 19). Bishop of

Chalons.

St. YercaM. Wife and companion of St.

Bathus (Mar. 26), q.v.

St. Yerdiana of TuscanyV.R. 1242 (Feb. i). As aVallambrosan nun, serpents

feeding from her basket. {Jame-son.) Menardus, Ferrarius,


181

St. Yerelde. See

St. Pharaildis(Jan. 4).

St. Yerena of

SwitzerlandV. 3rd cent. (Sept. i). B.V.

Mary appearing at her death.

{Der Heyl. Leb.) Crown of

thorns on her head. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Large double-toothedcomb and infant's feeding vessel

with spout, or a flagon. {Window,Argau Church, Konigsfelden.)

Houses washed away ; figure

at the window of a prison.

{Husenbeth. ) Comb in one hand,porringer in the other ; wreathof roses on her head. {Hermonument, Zurzach Church.)

Usuardus, Notker, Wandelbert,

Rom. Mart.

St. Yerinna. SeeSt. Berenice

(Oct. 4).

St. Yeronica Giuliani ofCitta di Castello

V. Abs. (July 9). Holdinga heart marked with a cross.

{Cahier.)

St. Yeronica of RomeMatr. ist cent. (Feb. 4 orMar. 25). Holding a veil im-pressed with the countenanceof the Redeemer. {Vault,

Divinity School, Oxon) ; Window,Malvern Priory, and many other

instances.) Holding sacr«i veil,

standing between SS. Peter andPaul. {Ugo de Car-pi, Vatican.)

Butler, Ferrarius, Bollandus.Almost all Marts.

Bl. Yeronica of MilanV. 1497 (Jan. 13). Daughterof a peasant near Milan, shebecame a nun in the Augustinianconvent of St. Martha at Milan,where she became celebratedfor her sanctity. Butler, Bol-landus, Rom. Mart.

St. YeronusC. 9th cent. (n.d.). Pilgrim

;

woman near mm pouring outwater. {Attrib. der Heil.)

St. YestinaOne of the SciUitan Martyrs.Companion of St. Speratus(July 17), q.v.

St. YeturnisOne of the SciUitan Martyrs.Companion of St. Speratus(July 17), q.v.

St. Yictor of Arcis-sur-AubeH. 7th cent. (Feb. 26). Bomat Troyes, he took Holy Orders,but later became a hermit atSatumiac, now St. Vitre, nearArcis, where he died. Butler^Henschenius.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Yictor of MarseillesM. 304 (July 21). In armourholding pennon, and. shield

charged with an escarbuncle.

(FflM der Goes, Glasgow Gal.)

Chain mail, with spear andshield. (Window, Sirasburg

Cath.) Trampling down a paganaltar. (Aiirib. der Heil.) Hisfoot cut off. {Icon. Sand.)Millstone and sword. (Molanus.)

In armour ; banner with cross

in right hand, a windmill in

left. (Solitaire.) Armour, swordand windmill. (Roodscreen,

Torbryan.) Butler, Ceillier, Tille-

mont, Fleury, Cuper, Gall. Marts.

St. Victor (the Moor) ofMilan

M. 303 (May 8). His foot ona broken altar. (His church at

Cremona, A. Campi.) Burntin an oven or metaUic bull.

(Ikon.) As a Moor. (Aiirib.

der Heil.) Thrown into afurnace. (Old engraving.) But-ler, Bollandisis.

St. Victor of PortugalM. N.D. (Apr. 12). A catechumenat Braga who was tortured anddecapitated for refusing to offer

flowers and incense to an idol.

Braga, Evora and CompostellaBreviaries, Rom. Mart.

St. Victor of RomePope. M. 201 (July 28). AnAfrican by birth, and successor

to Pope Eleutherius. Themanner of his death is notstated, though he is described

as a martyr. Hrabanus, Maurus,Rom. Mart, (on above date) ;

Ado, Usuardus and Notker (on

Apr. 20).

SS. Victor, and Susanna,of MouzonMM. N.D. (Feb. 9). Brother andsister, peasants at Mouzon.Susanna having resisted the

lord of Mouzon in attemptingher chastity, he had her bUnded,and murdered her brother for

defending her. Bollandus.

Locally venerated at Mouzon,near Sedan.

St. Victor, and Com-panions, of NicomediaMM. 303 (Apr. 20). Bystandersat the martyrdom of St. Georgewho were converted by his

sufferings, and executed by the

sword. Span, and Mod. Rom.Maris.

St. VictorM. 177. Companion of St.

Corona (May 14), q.v.

St. VictorM. (Sept. 14). Companion of

St. Crescentianus, q.v.

St. VictorM. Companion of St. Gereon(Oct. 10), q.v.

St. VictorM. Companion of St. Neme-sianus (Sept. 10), q.v.

St. VictorCompanion of St. Sosthenes(Sept. 10), q.v.

St. VictorCompanion of St. Ursus (Sept.

30), q.v.

St. VictorM. Companion of St. Victorinus

(Feb. 25), q.v.

St. Victoria of RomeV.M. 253 (Dec. 23). Obtainingthe destruction of a dragon byprayer. (Icon. Sand. Leaningon a sword, dragon at her side.

(Old missal.) Angel exhortingher to a vow of virginity.

(Cahier.) Pierced with arrows.

(Ibid.) Butler, Ado, Rom. Mart.

St. VictoriaM. Companion of St. Arsiclas

(Nov. 17), q.v.

St. Victorian, and Com-panions, of AfricaMM. c. 484 (Mar. 23).- A nativeof Adrumetum and Governorof Carthage tortured to death,with four others, two beingbrothers of Aquae Regia and twomerchants of Carthage, in thepersecution of Huneric. Butler,


St. Victoricus, andCompanions, of AmiensMM. c. 303 (Dec. 11). Victoricus

and Fuscianas, two missionaries

to Gaul, lodged at Amiens withone Gentianus, and instructed

him in the faith. After varioustortures under Rectius Varusthey were pierced with arrowsand then beheaded. Relics at

Amiens. Butler, Usuardus, Ado,Notker, Rom. and Gall. Maris.

St. VictorinusH.C. N.D. His hands in thecleft of a tree. (Cahier.)

St. Victorinus ofDiospolisM. 284 (Feb. 25). Bruised to

death in a mortar. (Ikon.) Hisleg or foot cut off. (Die Heili-

genbild.) Pagan ajtar over-turned. (Aiirib. der Heil.)

Barmer and globe. (Ibid.) But-ler, Henschenius, Bede, Ado,Rom. Mart.

St. Victorinus of PettauB.M. 303 (Nov. 2). Bishop of

Pettau, in Upper Pannonia,now in Styria, he is styled oneof the pillars of the Church bySt. Jerome. Butler, Tillemont,

Usuardus, St. Jerome, Rom.Mart.

St. VictorinusM. One of the Quatuor Coronati(Nov. 8), q.v.

182

St. Victorinus of RietiP.M. 2nd cent. (Sept. 5). Hungby the heels over sulphurous

vapours. (Cahier.) Ado, Usu-

ardus, Notker, Rom. Mart.

St. VictorinusM. Companion of St. Castus

(May 15), q.v.

St. VictorinusM. Companion of St. Claudius

(July 7)' 9'-'^-

St. VictorinusM. (Apr. 15). Companion of

St. Maro, q.v. Martyred bysuspension in the sulphurous

exhalations of Lake Cotylia.

Compare St. Victorinus of Rieti

(Sept. 5).

St. VictorinusM. Companion of St. Sym-phorian (Feb. 28), q.v.

St. Victorius ofChampagne

c. 490 (Sept. i). Bishop of Sens.

St. VictoriusM. Companion of St. Montanus(Feb. 24), q.v.

St. Victricius ofNormandy

C. c. 407 (Aug. 7). Bishop of

Rouen.

St. Vie. See St. Vougas(June 15).

St. Vigilius ofChampagneM. 689 (Mar. 11). A Bishop of

Auxerre.

St. Vigilius ofLombardy

c. 550 (Sept. 26). Bishop of

Brescia.

St. Vigilius of TrentB.M. c. 405 (June 26). Successorto Abundantius as Bishop of

Trent, he sent SS. Sisinnius andhis companions (May 29) on themission to the Tyrol in whichthey were martyred. St.

VigiUus himself was stoned to

death bypagan peasants. Butler,

Baillet, Surius, Mabillon, Rom.Mart.

St. Vignevelly. SeeSt. Winwaloe

(Mar. 3).

St. Vigor of BayeuxB. 537 (Nov. i). A native of

Artois, educated by St. Vedastof Arras (Feb. 6), he succeededContestus as Bishop of Bayeux.Rehcs at St. Requier, near Pon-thieu. Surius, Usuardus, Rom.and Gall. Maris. Venerated at

Bayeux on Nov. 5.

St. Vimin. SeeSt. Vivian

(Jan. 21).

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Vincent of AgenM. 3rd cent. (June 9). He is

described as a Levite, and wasprobably a deacon who preachedthe faith in Gaul. Seized bypagans at Agen, he was extendedbetween stakes, scourged andbeheaded. Butler, St. Gregory

of Tours.

St.Vincent of Calahorra,in SpainM. 303 (Apr. 19). Martyred in

the Diocletian persecution bybeing suspended on high by arope around his feet and thendashed down upon flints. Usu-ardus, Ado, Notker, Rom. andSpan. Marts.

St. Vincent of LeonAb. M. c. 555 (Mar. 11). Abbotof St. Claudius at Leon, hewas taken in theVandal invasion

of Spain, beaten and throwninto prison. Condemned to

death by King Hermandic, his

skull was cleft by a sword.

Ramirus, his prior, and twelvemonks suffered with him. Bol-

landus, Bene, and Leon Marts.

St. Vincent of LerinsP.C. c. 445 (May 24). A native

of Toul, author of the " Com-monitorium adversus Haere-

ticos." St. Eucherius of Lyonsdescribes him as a brother of

Lupus of Troyes. Butler, Pafe-broke, Ceillier, Molanus, Rom.Mart.

St. Vincent of

SaragossaD.M. 304 (Jan. 22). Bound to a

tree; executionerswithironhook.

{Luini, Brera, Milan.) Dpngon a bed of roses. (Window,

Bourges.) With an iron hook.

{Windows at Sparham, Sail,

and St. Peter,Hungate, Norwich.)

Bookandewerorjug. (Vestment,

Wardour Chapel.) Two ewers

on a book. (Windows, Doddes-

combsleigh and Payhembury,

Devon.) Bowels torn with a

hook, and his body burnt on a

gridiron. (Cat. Sanct.) Tomwith hooks and burnt with

torches. (Lambrecht.) A grid-

iron with spikes. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Raven driving wild

beasts from his dead body.

(Windows, Bourges and Chartres

Cathedrals.) Left hand on a

millstone. (Flos Sanct.) Ibid.,

a rope through it. (Fra Angelico,

Predella.) Two ravens piloting

the ship with his relics. (Husen-

beth.) Crow, or raven, on a

millstone. (Jameson.) Deacon

with pahn, a crow by his side.

Angels breaking his chains in

prison. (Legenda Aurea.) Canoe

in his hand. (Cahier.) Three

ewers and a book. (Roodscreen,

Torbryan.) All Western Martyr-

ologies.

St. Vincent Ferrer ofBrittany

C. O.S.D. 1419 (Apr. 5). Domi-nican ; Our Saviour appearingto him in glory ; a boy kneelingbefore him ; a cardinal's hat.

(Solitaire.) Sun, with mono-gram, IH S, in his hand. (Ikon.)

With wings, a crucifix in his

hand. (Murillo.) Jewish andSaracen converts around him.(Attrib. der Heil.) A hly. (Old

engraving.) Crucifix and openbook. (Passionael.) I H Son his heart. (Baring-Gould.)

With wings ; a trumpet in his

hand. (Cahier.) Butler, Hen-schenius, Papebroke, Rom. Mart.

St. Vincent Madelgarof Soignies

C. 677 (July 14). Count of

Hainaidt, husband of St. Wal-trudis (Apr. 19) and father of SS.

Landric (Apr. 17), DentUn (July

14) and Aldetrude (Feb. 25),he founded monasteries at Mau-beuge and Soignies, in the latter

of which he died. Belg. Marts.

St. Vincent de Paul ofFrance

C. 1660 (July 19). Founder of

the Sisters of Charity and theOrder of Lazarists. Ransomedslaves around him. (Chris..

Kunst.) Infant in his arms.Sister of Charity at his feet.

(Husenbeth.) Surrounded bySisters of Charity. (His ownchurch, Paris.) Instructing thepoor. (Colum. milit. Eccl.)

Butler, Rom. Mart.

St. Vincent and Com-panions, of AvilaMM. c. 304 (Oct. 27). Executedwith his two sisters at Avila byDacian, Governor of Spain, for

refusing to adore an image of

Jupiter. Rom. Mart.

SS. Vincent, B., andLaetus, P., of TarbesMM. N.D. (Sept. i). Veneratedat Tarbes and Libisosa as

aposties of the south of Franceand the Pyrenees. Rom. andSpan. Marts.

Bl. VincentC. N.D. Dominican ; flames

in his left hand. (Fra Angelico,

Predella.)

St. VincentiaWife of St. Severus (Feb. i), q.v.

St. Vindician of ArrasB. c. 669 (Mar. 11). A youthkneeUng before him. (Old

engraving.) Baring-Gould,Arras Mart.

St. Virgilius of AriesAbp. c. 618 (Mar. 5). A native

of Aquitania and inmate of

the monastery of Lerins, he waselected Bishop of Aries in 588,

and is said to have consecrated

183

St. Augustine of Canterbury onhis departure for the Enghshmission. Bene, and Gall. Marts.

St. Virgilius of SalzburgB.C. 780 (Nov. 27). A churcnin his hand. (Coins of Salzburg.)

Butler, Mabillon, Ware, Colgan,


St. VisorioM. 950 (N.D.) With twoacolytes. (Cahier.)

St. Vitalian of CapuaB. c. 7th cent. (July 16). Abishop of Capua who went into

retirement on Mount Catanzaro,

where he was buried. Miracles

were ascribed to his tomb, whichwas formally identified by PopeCallixtus II. in 1122. CapuaBreviary, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Vitalina ofAuvergneV. c. 390 (Feb. 21). Veneratedat Antonne, near Riom, and at

Metz. Nothing is known of

her Ufe, but St. Gregory relates

a legend of her speaking fromher tomb to St. Martin of Tours.Gregory of Tours.

St. Vitalis of Austriac. 730 (Oct. 20). Bishop of

Salzburg.

St. Vitalis of GazaMk. Early 7th cent. (Jan. 11).

Conducting a mission amongthe courtesans of Alexandria, heincurred suspicion and diedbefore his vindication was com-plete. Gk. Meneea.

St. Vitalis of RavennaM. ist cent. (Apr. 28). Husbandof St. Valeria and father of SS.

Gervasius and Protasius. Stand-ing in a weU-shaped pit, menstoning him. (XII. cent, window,Le Mans. ) Buried ahve in a pit.

(Der Heyl. Leb.) Buried in apit under earth and stones.

(Baroccio, Brera, Milan.)Stoned. ((Attrib. der Heil.)

Stones in his lap ; between twoyouths, each with a stone in

his hand. (Old engraving.) Witha whirlbat * (Ikon.) Butler,

Fortunatus, Rom. Mart.* Possibly in error for St. Vitalis

of Bologna (Nov. 4).

St. VitalisM. One of the Twelve Brothers(Sept. i), q.v.

SS. Vitalis andAgricola, of BolognaMM. c. 304 (Nov. 4). St Vitalis

as a horse-soldier with a stan-

dard. (Venice, Carpaccio.)

Thrown into a river. (Callot.)

A club set with spikes. (Attrib.

der Heil.) Buried aJive.* (Ibid.)

Thrown into a pit and stoned.*(Der Heyl. Leb.) St. Agricolabound to a post. (Callot.)

Crucified with many nails.

(Ibid.)

* Probably confusing him withSt. Vitalis of Ravenna Apr. 28).

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Yitonus. SeeSt. Vannus

(Nov. 9).

St. Vitus of SicilyCh.M. c. 303 (June 15). Youthwith a cock beside him. {Statue,

St. Vitus' Cath., Prague.) In acauldron over a fire. (Basetti of

Verona, Munich.) Cock, orcockatrice, perched on a book.{Lib. Cronic.) Youth bearinga palm, cock crowing beside

him. {Cahier.) Boiled in acauldron. {Statuary, Charires

Cath.) Holding a vessel of

boiling oil. {Attrih. der Heil.)

A wolf or Hon beside him. {Ikon.)

Fire behind him ; angel bringinghim a crown and palm. {Old

engraving.) Holding a dog in aleash. {Cahier.) Butler, Pape-broke, Usuardus,Ado, Hrabanus,Rom, Mart.

St. Viventine ofUmbriaM. 273 (Feb. 14). Bishop of

Teramo.

St. Yiventius ofChampagne

c. 380 (Sept. 7). A Bishop of

Rheims.

St. Yivian of Saintonge5th cent. (Aug. 28). Bishop of

Saintes.

St. Yivian of ScotlandB.C. c. 615 (Jan. 21). Con-secrated bishop whilst amemberof an abbey in Fife. He foundedthe Abbey of Holywood. Butler,

Adam King, Aberdeen Breviary,

Scone Chronicle.

St. YivinaAbs. 1170 (Dec. 17). Churchin her hand. {Cahier.)

St. Yladimir of RussiaEmperor C. 1015 (July 15).

The first Christian ruler of

Russia. Russian Kalendarand Histories.

St. Yohi. See

St. Walhere(June 23).

St. Yolusian ofTouraineC. c. 400 (Jan. 18). WasBishop of Tours.

St. Yorech. SeeSt. Yougas

(June 15).

St. YorsettaV. Companion of St. Einbetta(Sept. 16), q.v.

St. Yougas, or Yie, of

BrittanyB. 6th cent. (June 15). Said

to be an Irish bishop whosettled in Brittany, the tradi-

tion being that he crossed fromIreland to France on a floating

rock. Gall Marts. Venerated

at Treguenec, in Brittany.

St. Yulganus of ArrasB.C. c. 680 (Nov. 2). An angelnear him. {Cahier.) Butler,

Colgan, Belg. and Gall. Marts.

St. Yulmar of HainaultAb. c. 689 (July 20). Livingin a hollow tree, peasant bring-

ing him a loaf. {Callot.) In acell, with a board for a bed andmallet outside. {Ibid.) Rom.,Gall, and Belg. Marts.

St. Yulpian. SeeSt. Ulpian

(Apr. 3).

St. Yulsin. SeeSt. Wulsin

(Jan. 8).

St. WalabonsD.M. Companion of St. Peter

(June 7), q.v.

St. Walaric. SeeSt. Yalery

(Apr. I).

St. Walburgis, orWalburga, of Swabia

V. Abs. 779 (Feb. 25). Oilexuding from her tomb.{Bavaria Pia.) Oil flasks, orthree ears of com. {Ikon.)

Three flasks on a book, anangel bringing her a fourth.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Oil droppingfrom her hand. {Husenbeih.

On the seashore ; oil flask on abook ; her hand raised towardsa departing ship. {Burgmaier.)Small vial. {St. Columba's Ch.,

Cologne.) Five ears of com.){Der HeyI. Leb.) Crowned ;

book in left hand, palm in right.

{Convent seal, Eichstadt.) Seatedat convent door, reading. {Bilder

Legende.) KneeKng before theB. Sacrament. {Attrib. der Heil.)Church in her hand. {Oldengraving.) Oil flask on a book.{Fames Ch., Belgium.) Butler,

Henschenius, Bede, BenedictineKalendar.

St. Waldetrude. SeeSt. Waltrudis

(Apr. 9).

St. Waldus. SeeSt. Gaud

(Jan. 31).

St. Walfrid of TuscanyAb. c. 765 (Apr. 17). A nativeof Pisa who foimded and be-came first Abbot of the Monas-tery of Monte Virido, nearVolterra. Wyon, Menardus,Ferrarius (on above date) ; Bene-dictine Kalendar (on Feb. 15).

St. Walfroy StylitesC. 594 (n.d.) Living on apillar. (Cahier.)

St. Walftrudis. SeeSt. Wilfreda

(Sept. 9).

184

St. Walhere of HainaultP.M. N.D. (June 23). Bom at

Bouvines, near Dinant, on the

Meuse, he became Archdeaconof Onhaye, and was murderedby his nephew, the parish priest

of Hastiere, who beat out his

brains with an oar in a boat.

Saussaye, Belg. Marts.

St. Wallen. See

St. Waltheof(Aug. 3).

St. Walovay. See

St. Winwaloe(Mar. 3).

St. WalstanoflSTorfolkC. 1016 (May 30). Crowned in

royal robes, holding a scythe

and styled " Opifer." {Screen,

Burlington St. Andrew.) Crownedwith scythe. {Statue, Gressford

Ch., Denbighshire.) Leaning ona straight staff with a scythe

blade tied to it. {Formerly in

St. James Ch., Norwich.) Scytheand sceptre. {Screen, Ludham.)Ibid., two calves below him.{Screens, Barnham Broom andSparham.) As the last ; withan ermine cape. {Church chest,

Denton.) Butler, Capgrave,

Blomfield.

St. Walter of AnconaAb. 13th cent. (June 4). ARoman by birth, he foundedand became first Abbot of theMonastery of San ServiHanoin the diocese of Fermo. Relics

in St. Mark's Ch., San Serviliano.

Butler, Papebroke.

St. Walter of JSTormandyAb. c. 1150 (June 4). An Englishmonk who became the thMy-fourth Abbot of FonteneUe.He was the fortieth saint of thathouse. Butler, Chatelain.

St. Walter of PicardyAb. 1099 (Apr. 8). A nativeof Picardy, he entered the Bene-dictine monastery at Rebais,in the diocese of Meaux, andwas made Abbot of St. Germain'sat Pontoise. Butler, Bollandists,

Henschenius, Gall. Mart.

Bl. Walter vanBierbeeke of BelgiumMk. c. 1220 (Jan. 22). A knightof noble birth, related to Henry,Duke of Louvain. Returningfrom the Crasades, he enteredthe Cistercian monastery of

Hemmerode, where he died.

Baring-Gould.

St. Waltheof, orWalthen, of Scotland

Ab. C. c. 1160 (Aug. 3). Cister-

cian restoring a blind man tosight. {Husenbeth.) Knedingat a block at sunrise. {Ibid^,

St. Gangericus (?) appearing tohim. {Cahier.) Our InfantSaviour in his hands at the

Saints and their Emblemselevation of the Host. {lUci)Butler, Bollandists, Dempster,Ang. Kalendars.

St. Waltrudis of MonsW. Abs. 686 (Apr. 9). Ofieringher husband a crucifix andrefusing a crown of roses.

{Bavaria Pia.) Abbess protect-ing children under her mantle.{Old engraving.) Ransomingcaptives. {Cahier.) Church in

her hand. {Ibid.) Butler,

Mabillon, Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. Wandregislus. SeeSt. Yandrille

(July 22).

St. Wasnulf, or Wasnon,of Conde

C. 651 (Oct. i). A Scottishpriest invited by Count Vincentof Hainault to conduct a missionin the Netherlands. He diedand was buried at Conde.Butler, Molanus, Bollandists.

St. Wast or Wat. SeeSt. Yedast

(Feb. 6).

St. Waudru. SeeSt. Waltrudis

(Apr. 9).

St. Wenceslas ofBohemiaK.M. 938 (Sept. 28). Tramplingon fire. {Antechap., Mag. Coll.,

Oxon.) Plumed hat, sword andalms bag, cripple kneeling at his

feet. {Window, Stoke Pogis Ch.)

Warrior in armour with astandard. {Vienna Gal., J.da Modena.) His coffin bornein the air by angels. {Cahier.)

Two angels carrjring a golden

cross before him. {Ibid.)

Radislas kneeUng asking his

pardon, angel appearing above.

{Callot.) King in armour

;

white eagle on a red banner.

{Attrib. der Heil.) Reaping comfor altar bread. {Callot.) Stand-

ing for a child at the font.

{Burgmaier.) Carrying or ac-

companying a shrine. {Cahier.)

Butler, Suysken, Rom. Mart.

St. Wendelin of TrevesH. 1015 (Oct. 21). Keepingsheep ; dog at his feet. {Bilder

Legende.) Keeping sheep ; dogin a leash. {Der Heyl. Leb.)

KneeUng at a shrine with beads

;

dog at his feet. {Husenbeth.)

Oxen near him ; dog at his

feet. {Burgmaier.) Ger. Marts.

St. WeonardH. Holding closed book andaxe. {Window, St. Weonard's,

Hereford.)

St. Werburga ofChesterV. Abs. 699 (Feb. 3). Holding

a veiled pastoral staff and

church ; crown at her feet.

(fingraving.) Butler, Bede,

Leland, Ang. Mart,

St. Werenfrid ofHolland

P.C. c. 760 (Nov. 7). A shipwith a coifin in it in his hand.{Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, Surius,Mabillon, Bollandists.

St. Werner ofOberwesel-on-RhineCh.M. 1287 (Apr. 19). Apeasant boy martjnred by theJews. {Ikon.) Carrying a hod.{Cahier.) Baring-Gould. Vener-ated in the diocese of Treves.

St. White. SeeSt. Candida

(Sept. 20).

St. Wigbert of Hesse-CasselAb. C. 747 (Aug. 13). AnEngUsh monk who accompaniedSt. Boniface on his mission into

Germany, and was made by himAbbot of the monasteries of

Fritzlar and Ortdorf in Hesse-Cassel, posts he resigned beforehis death. Butler, Mabillon,Solier.

St. Wigterp of Bavariac. 654 (Apr. 18). Bishop of

Augsburg.

St. Wilfreda of WiltonAbs. loth cent. (Sept. 9).

Wife of K. Edgar and motherof St. Edith of Wilton (Sept. 18),

after whose birth she retired

to Wilton, where she received

the veU from Ethelwold, Bishopof Winchester. Wilson, Usuardus,Wm. of Malmesbury (on abovedat^ ; Menardus and Bucdinus(on Sept. 13).

St. Wilfrid of YorkAbp. 709 (Oct. 12). Holdingship and archiepiscopal staff.

(Engraving.) Baptizing pagans.{Icon. Sanct.) Baptizing pagans

;

idols broken before him.{Masculi Encomia Coelituum.)

Archbishop holding a book,ruined tower behind him.{Baring-Gould.) A shield beatingazure, three estoiles or. {Ibid.)

Butler, Bede, Mabillon; Yorkand Hereford Breviaries; Rom.Mart.

St. Wilganus. SeeSt. Yulganus

(Nov. 2).

St. Wilgefortis ofPortugal

V.M. N.D. (July 20). With longtresses of hair and a beard,

holding T-cross. {Henry VII.Chapel, Westminster.) Crucified

with ropes, red robe tied roimdher ankles, mantle extended

;

with a beard obtained by prayer

for protection of her chastity.

{Roodscreen, Worstead.) Cruci-

fied with ropes, blue robe

;

mantle and beard as above.

{MS. Hours.) Nailed to a cross,

135

crowned, without a beard. Rom.,Span., Port., Belg., Gall andGer. Marts.

St. WillbettaV. Companion of St. Einbetta(Sept. 16), q.v.

St. Willebold of

BerkheimCt. C. 1230 (Nov. 2). Pilgrim

with staff treading on a dragon.{His shrine at Berkheim.)

Venerated in the diocese of

Constance.

St. Willebrord ofUtrechtAbp. 739 (Nov. 7). Placingthe foot of his cross in a barrel.

{Lambrecht.) Water cask nearhim. {Attrib. der Heil.) Baptiz-ing Pepin. {Gueffier.) Crescenton his breast. {Cahier.) Carry-ing a child on his shoulders.

{Ibid.) Archbishop holding amodel of the Church of Utrecht

;

barrel of wine and fountainof water at his feet. {Baring-

Gould.) Usuardus, Ado, Bede,Hrabanus, Bene, and Rom.Marts.

St. Willehad, or Wil-head, of Bremen

B. 789 (Nov. 8). Overturningidols. {Attrib. der Heil.) Butler,

Mabillon, Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Willferder. SeeSt. Wilfrid

(Oct. 12).

St. William ofAquitaineMk. H. 812 (May 28). Wearinga coat of mail. {Callot.) Receiv-ing the habit from St. Benedictof Anian (Feb. 12). {Guercino,

Bologna Acad.) Monk's habitover chain mail, chains on his

shoulders ; holding book andstaff, weapons at his feet.

{XVI. cent, window.)

St William of BourgesAbp. 1209 (Jan. 10). Prajdngbefore the B. Sacrament.{Gueffier.) Holding a mon-strance ; tears on his cheeks.{Baring-Gould.) Butler, LeNain, Bollandus, Surius, Gall.

Mart.

St. William of EskilleAb. C. 1203 (Apr. 6). A flamingtorch on his grave. {Attrib.

der Heil.) St. Genevieve appear-ing to him. {Colum. milit.

Eccl.) Holding model of achurch. {Old engraving.) Butler,

Surius, Papebroke.

St. William of Melevalin Italy

H. 1157 (Feb. 10). Founder of

the Order of Guhelmites. Bene-dictine with armour near himand sword in his hand. {Ikon.)

Shield near him, with fourfleurs-de-lis. {Old engraving.)

Hermit in coat of mail and

Saints and their Emblemschains bearing a cross staff, onearm ending in a crescent. (Burg-

maier.) Butler, Helyot, Rom.Mart.

St. William of MonteYirgine

Ab. 1142 (June 25). Fotmderof the Order of the Congregationof Monte Virgine. A wolf athis side. (Attrih. der Heil.)

Praying before image of theB.V. Mary and Holy Child.

(Colum. milit. Eccl.) Trowelin one hand, lily and passionflower in the other ; wolffollowing him with panniers of

stones. {Old fainting.) Butler,

Helyot, Papebroke, Rom. Mart.

St. William ofMontpellier

C. N.D. Lily growing out of his

mouth in his grave, Ave Mariain gold upon it. {Chris. Kunst.)

St. William Firmatus ofMortain

P.H. 1090 (Apr. 24). Burninghis arm in a fire. {Attrih. der

Heil.) Raven guiding him to

the Holy Land. {Ibid.) A ring.

{Chris. Kunst.)

St. William ofNormandy

1237 (July 29). Bishop of St.

Brieuc.

St. William Longswordof Normandy

Kr. M. 943 Pec. 17). Sonof Rollo, Duke of Normandy,he was murdered on an island

in the river at Pecquigny byAmulf , Count of Flanders. Gall.

Mart. Venerated at Rouen.

St. William of NorwichCh.M. 1144 (Mar. 24). Child

crucified. {Arbor Past.) Child

crowned with thorns, holding

two naUs, knife in his left side.

{Roodscreen, Worstead.) Child

bound to two posts, one foot

nailed, Jews mocking him, onestabbing his left side and catch-

ing blood in bowl. {Screen,

Loddon.) Three nails in his

head and three in his right hand

;

hammer in his left. {Formerly

at St. John's, Norwich.) Largecross held in his right arm,

three nails in left hand, bleeding

wounds in his hands and feet.

{Roodscreen, Eye, Suffolk.) But-

ler, Cafgrave, Ang. Marts.

St. William de Cellone

of OrangeCt. Benedictine habit, bookwith a casque on it, red dragonby him. {XVI. cent, window,Montmorency.)

St. William Ternpier of

Poitou1197 (Mar. 27). Bishop of

Poitiers,

St. William of

RochesterM. Early 12th cent. (May 23).

A baker of Perth who, returning

from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem,

was murdered with a hatchet

at Rochester by his companion,

a foundhng whom he had be-

friended. Capgrave, Ang. Marts.

St. William of RoskildeB. 1067 (Sept. 2). An English-

man, chaplain to King Canute,

sent by him to Denmark,where he became Bishop of

Roskilde. Butler, DanishKalendars.

St. William the Lion ofScotland

1204 (n.d.) Old man with longbeard and rough coat, chains

round his arms and waist, lion's

head-skin for a helmet ; longstaff in his left hand, clasped

book in right. {Painting, Convent

of Trin. Friars, Aberdeen.)

St. William of YorkAbp. C. 1154 (June 8). Whitechasuble, green dalmatic, witharchiepiscopal staff. {Window,Morley, Derby.) Archiepiscopalcross. {Window, N. Tuddenham ;

Roodscreen, Wolborough.) Shield

with eight lozenges. {Muralpainting, St. Alban's.) Butler,

Papebroke, Drake's History of

York.

St. Willibald ofEichstadt

B. c. 786 (July 7). Bishopdirecting the building of achurch. {Der Heyl. Leb.) Re-ceiving grant of land from aking to build a monastery.{Bavaria Pia.) The words, Spes,

Fides, Charitas, on his breast.

{Ikon.) A broken glass. {Attrib.

der Heil.) Crosier and pilgrim's

staff. {Lives of Saints, Oxford.)

Woodman before him felling

a tree. {Burgmaier.) Throwinga paper into a fire. {Cahier^Butler, Mabillon, Bollandists.

St. WilligisB.C. ion (n.d.) a whitewheel on a red groimd. {Ikon.)

Holding a church. {Cahier.)

St. Wilmer. SeeSt. Yulmar

(July 20).

St. Winebald ofHeidenheim

Ab.C. 760 pec. 18). Seated,trowel in his hand, a churchbuilding near him. {JBurgmaier.

)

Crosier and pilgrim's staff.

{Lives of Saints, Oxford.) Butler,

Mabillon.

St. Winfred.St. Boniface

See

(June 5).

St. Winifortis. See

St. Gunifortis(Aug. 22).

St. Winifred of

HolywellV.M. 7th cent. (Nov. 3). Bookand paJm, a head at her feet.

{Statuary, Hen. VII. Chap.)

Carrying her head cut off.

{Holywell Chapel.) Beheadedbefore an altar. {Cahier.)

Carrying her head and a sword ;

stream at her feet. {Engraving.)

Butler, Baronius, A Iford ; Sarumand Hereford Kalendars, Rom.Mart.

St. Winin. See

St. Finian(Sept. 10).

St. Winnoc of FlandersAb. 717 (Nov. 6). Of royal

birth, he left Brittany in his

youth, with three companions,

and crossed over into Cornwall,

later placing himself under St.

Bertinus (Sept. 5), who sent

him to found a monastery in

French Flanders, where he died,

atWormhout. ReUcsatBergues.Rom., Gall., Belg. and Bene.

Marts. Venerated at Bergues.

St. Winock of ScotlandB.C. c. 838 (Apr. 13). A prom-inent churchman and adviser

to King Kermeth II. Butler,

Adam King, Henschenius, Aber-

deen Breviary.

St. Winwaloe ofLandeveneek(Brittany)Ab. 6th cent. (Mar. 3). Carried

from the altar by his disciples.

{Cahier.) Making signals of

approaching fleet of pirates.

{Ibid.) Bell, fishes coming upat its sound. {Acta Sanct.)

Standing by the sea ; children

behind him. {Old engraving.)

Robbers arrested while he prays.

{Cahier.) Praying whilst armiesare engaged. {Ibid.) Church onhis shoulder. {Roodscreen, Portle-

mouth.) Butler, Bollandus, Hen-schenius, Baillet, Lobineau.

St. Wiro of RoermundB. 7th cent. (May 8). An Irish-

man, ordained Bishop at Rome,who obtained a grant of landfrom Pepin of Herstal, on whichhe bviilt a cell, where he died.

His reUcs were translated to

Roermund in 1341. Butler, Bol-

landists, Rom. and Belg. Marts.

St. Wistan of MerciaK.M. 849 (June i). Son of

Wimund and grandson of

Witlaf, King of Mercia, heinherited the crown whilst yet achild, and was murdered by his

uncle, Bertulf, at Wistanstow.Butler, Wm. of Malmesbury,Capgrave, Ang. Marts,

im

Saints and their EmblemsSt. WistremundMk. M. Companion of St. Peter(June 7), q.v.

St. Witen. SeeSt. Guido

(Mar. 31).

St. Withburga ofDereham

V. 743 (Mar 17 and July 8).

Church in her hand. {Roodscreen,

Barnham Broom.) Church in-

scribed Ecclia de Estderham in

her hand, two does at her feet.

[Screen, Burlingham St.A ndrew.

)

Crowned, with crosier and book.(Screen, Ranworth.) Butler,

Leland, Ely Chronicle.

St. WivinaAbs. 1170 (n.d.) Holding abook and taper lighted by anangel. {Cahier.)

St. Wolbod of Belgium1021 (Apr. 21). Bishop of Liege.

St. Woolo. SeeSt. GwynlliwSt. Wolfgang ofRatisbon

B. 994 (Oct. 13). Church in

his hand. {Bilder Legende.)

By his side. (Ikon.) Holdinga hatchet. [Attrih. der Heil.)

Church and hatchet. [Burgmaier,

Molanus.) Tormented by devils.

(Cahier. ) ChUd near him holding

an imperial crown. (Ibid.)

Striking a fountain from the

ground with his crosier. (Ibid.)

Young Emperor with the wordsPost Sex above him. (Attrib.

der Heil.) Butler, Mabillon,

Rom. and Ger. Marts.

St. Wolstan. See

St. Wulstan(Jan. 19).

SS. Wulfhad and Rufin,

of StaffordshireMM. c. 638 (July 24). Sons of

Wulfhere, King of Mercia, andbrothers of St. Werburga(Feb. 3), they are said to havebeen murdered by their father

at the cell of St. Chad. Butler,

Leland, Cuper, Ang. Mart.

St. Wulfhilde of

BarkingV. Abs. c. 990 (Dec. 9). On her

refusal to marry King Edgar he

nominated her Abbess of Bark-

ing, upon which nunnery she

settled twenty of her villages.

She also founded the monastery

of Horton in Dorsetshire. Butler,

Capgrave, Wm. of Malmesbury,

John of Tynemouth.

St. Wulfram of SensAbp. 720 (Mar. 20). A young

king (or prince, possibly the

son of King Radbod of Fries-

land) near him. (Attrib. der

Heil.) Baptizing the son of

King Radbod. (Gueffler.)

Usuardus, Wyon, Rom. andGall. Marts.

St. Wulfric of DorsetP.H. 1154 (Feb. 20). Bom at

Lenton, near Bristol, he entered

Holy Orders, and later retired

to a ceU at Hasebury, in Dorset,

where he died. Wilson, Bene-dictine Kalendar.

St. Wulfrida orWulfruda. SeeSt. Wilfreda

(Sept. 9).

St. Wulgan. SeeSt. Vulganus

(Nov. 2).

St. Wulmar. SeeSt. Vulmar

(July 20).

St. Wulphlag of PicardyP.H. 7th cent. (June 7). Anative of Ponthieu, married,

with three daughters, who after

a pilgrimage to Jerusalem wentinto seclusion as a hermit at

Regnie I'Ecluse, where he died.

Relics at St. Sauve, at Montreuil,

sur-Mer. Gall. Marts. Vener-ated in the diocese of Amiens.

St. Wulpurgis. SeeSt. Walburgis

(Feb. 25).

St. Wulsin of SherborneB.C. d. 973 (Jan. 8). MadeAbbot of St. Peter's at West-minster by St. Dunstan, andlater advanced to the bishopric

of Sherborne. Butler, Capgrave,

Harpsfield, Matthew of West-

minster, Wm. of Malmesbury,Ang. and Bene. Marts.

St. Wulstan ofWorcester

B.C. 1095 (Jan. 19). Handinga scroU with large seal to St.

Aldhelm. (XV. cent, window,Malvern Priory.) Fixing his

crosier in St. Edmund's tomb ;

devil behind him with hook.

(Lives of Saints, Porter.) Heal-

ing a bUnd man. (Cahier.)

Butler. Capgrave, Wm. of

Malmesbury, Florence of Wor-cester, Ang., Rom. and Ger.

Marts.

St. Wulvella ofCornwallV. N.D. Crowned, holding

abbess's staff. (Window,Laneast Ch.)

St. Wunebald. See

St. Willibald(July 7)-

St. Wyden. See

St. Guido(Sept. 12).

St. Wymer. See

St, Gwymer(Oct. 27).

18T

St. XenaAbs. 5th cent. (Jan. 24). Cross

of stars over her dead body.(Cahier.)

St. Xistus. See

St. Sixtus(Apr. 6).

St. Xystus. See

St. Sixtus III.(Mar. 28).

St. Yacintha. SeeSt. Hyacintha

(Jan. 30).

St. Yarcard of ScotlandB. c. 450 (Aug. 24). A native

of Kincardine, ordained by St.

Teman, Bishop of the Picts,

about the reign of Malcolm I.

The Aberdeen Breviary states

that he visited Rome and re-

ceived the benediction of PopeGregory I., an obvious ana-

chronism. Dempster, Cuper,Butler, Aberdeen Breviary.

St. Ytha of IrelandV. Abs. 569 (Jan. 15). Bomat Nandesi, co. Waterford, of

noble family, she foimded areligious house at the foot of

Mount Luach, Limerick. 5m/-ler, Bollandus, Colgan.

St. Ywi of WiltonD. Late 7th cent. (Oct. 6),

Son of a British chief and anEnglish mother, he was edu-cated near Lindisfame andordained by St. Cuthbert.Going on a pilgrimage to theshrines of the saints in Brittany,

he fell Ul, and died on landing.

His body was sent back to

England and buried at Wilton,near Salisbury. Wilson, Cap-grave, Saussaye, Menardus, etc.

St. Yvo of Treguier1335 (May 22). Giving almsto the poor. (Cahier.) Elevatingthe Sacred Host, appearing in

flames. (Old engraving.) A cat.

(Baring-Gould.) Butler, Pape-broke, Lobineau, Rom. Mart.

St. Zabdas, or Zambdas,of Jerusalem

B. 304 (Feb. 19). Mentionedby Eusebius as a Bishop of

Jerusalem. He is said to havebaptized a portion of theThebsmlegion. Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

St. Zachaeus ofJerusalem

B. c. Ill ((Aug. 23). Describedby Eusebius as fourth Bishopof Jerusalem. He is sometimesidentified with the Zacchaeuswho climbed a tree to see OurLord go by. Ado, Usuardus,Rom. Mart.

St. ZachaeusD.M. Companion of St.

Romanus (Nov. 18), q.v.

Saints and their EmblemsSt. Zacharias ofJerusalem

Patr. 631 (Feb. 21). He is

said to have carried the true

cross to Persia during the con-

quest of Constantinople byChosroes, and to have returned

with it in 629. Gh. Men.

St. Zacharias of KomePope. 752 (Mar. 15). A Greekby birth, he was ordained priest

at Rome, where he succeeded

Pope Gregory III. in 941. Byhis efforts peace was concludedwith the Lombards, besieging

Rome at the time of his acces-

sion to the Holy See, and shortly

after his death Pepin wascrowned King of France. AAo,Maurolycus, Notker, Molanus,Butler, Fleury, Rom. Mart.

SS. Zacharias andEhzabeth

1st cent. (Nov. 5). The parentsof St. John the Baptist. St.

Zacharias holding a lighted

taper. (Stalls, Windsor.) Gospel

of Si. Luke, Rom. Mart.

St. Zawster. SeeSt. Yedast

(Feb. 6).

St. Ze. See St. Etto(July 10).

St. Zebinas and Com-panions, of SyriaHH. 5th cent. "(Feb. 23). St.

Zebinas, a hermit in Sjma, andthree of his disciples mentionedby Theodoret for the austerity

of their discipline. Theodoret,

Gk. Men.

St. ZebinasM. Companion of St. Antoninus(Nov. 13), q.v.

Bl. Zegherus InsulensisC. O.P. N.D. Holding up anarm. (Lib. Sand. Belgii, Wood-chester.)

SS. Zenaida andPhilonilla, of TarsusRR. ist cent. (Oct. 11). St.

Zenaida with a nail or thorn

in her foot. (Chris. Kunst.)


St. Zenas1st cent. (Sept. 25 and Apr. 17).

A lawyer and disciple of St.

Paul mentioned in the Epistle

to Titus (iii. 13). Gk. Men.

St. ZenasM. Companion of St. Zeno(June 23), q,v.

St. ZenoM. N.D. Reproaching anemperor for worshipping Ceres.

(Icon. Sanct.) Stone in his

hand. (Weyen.) Holding fish-

hooks.* (Ihid.)

* Probably by confusion with St.

Zeno of Verona (Apr. 12).

St. Zeno of NicomediaM. 304 (Dec. 22). Holding abook of the Gospels. (IX. cent,

mosaic, St. Praxedes, Rome.)

St. Zeno of SyriaMk. H. c. 419 (Feb. 10). Ahermit mentioned by Theodoretas living in an old rock-cut

tomb near Antioch. Theodoret.

St. Zeno of YeronaB.C. 380 (Apr. 12). Fishing

rod and line, and with a fish.

(His church, Verona.) Fish at

end of his crosier.''' (Morando and

Liherale of Verona.) Fishing.

(Cat. Sanct.) Exorcising apossessed woman. (Hid.) But-ler, Rom. Mart.

SS. Zeno and Con-cordius, of NicomediaMM. 362 (Sept. 2). St Zenoand his two sons, Concordiusand Theodore, with Patemus,a tribune, his wife Theodota,with seventy-nine companions,are said by their Acts to havesuffered at Nicomedia underthe apostate Julian. The Actsare apocryphal. Rom. Mart.

SS. Zeno and Zenas,of ArabiaMM. 304 (June 23). St. Zeno,a soldier in Arabia, desiring

martyrdom, confessed himself

a Christian before a magistrate.

Zenas, his servant, followed himand kissed his chains, and thetwo were executed together.

Baronius, Gk. Men.

St. ZenoM. Companion of St. Ammon(Dec. 20), q.v.

St. ZenoM. Companion of St. Eudoxius(Sept. 5), q.v.

St. ZenoM. Companion of St. Eusebius(Sept. 8), q.v.

St. ZenoM. Companion of St. Victor(Apr. 20), q.v.

St. Zenobius ofFlorence

B.C. (May 25 and Oct. 20).

Raising a child to life. (Hisshrine, by Ghiberti.) Casting outdevils. (Old engraving.) Treecoming into leaf as his relics

are carried by. (Cahier.) Butler;

Rom. Mart.

St. ZenobiusM. Companion of St. Tyrarmio(Feb. 20), q.v.

St. Zephyrinus ofRome

Pope. 219 (Aug. 26). Holdinga monstrance with the B.Sacrament. (Weyen.) Bede,Eusebius, Rom. Mart.

188

St. Zita. See St. Sitha(Apr. 27).

St. Zoe of RomeM. c. 286 (July 5). Burnt to

death. (Callot.) Himg by her

hair to a tree over smoke.

(Gueffier.) Mod. Rom. Mart.

St. ZoeM. Companion of St. Hesperus

(May 2), q.v.

St. Zoilus and Com-panions, of CordovaMM. c. 350 (June 27). Tortured

and beheaded with twenty-nine

companions in the persecution

of Diocletian. Rom. and Span.Marts.

SS. Zosimus, H., andAthanasius, of CiliciaMM. c. 290 (Jan. 3). Theysuffered under Diocletian in

Cilicia. St. Zosimus, a hermit,

had his ears cut off and wasplunged into a cauldron of

molten lead, after which heconverted and baptized Athan-asius, and then died in his cell.


St. Zosimus of RomePope. 418 (Dec. 26). A Greekby birth and successor to PopeInnocent I. Baring-Gould, Rom.Mart.

St. Zosimus ofSyracuse

B. c. 660 (Mar. 30). Withbeggars about him. (Ikon.)

Butler, Baillet, Gk. Men.

St. ZosimusAb. c. 440 Companion of St.

Mary of Egypt (Apr. 2), q.v.

Bringing the B. Sacrament toSt. Mary of Egypt. (Window,Cossey Hall.)

St. ZosimusM. Companion of St Rufus.pec. 18), q.v.

St. Zoticus of Cumanain CappadociaB.M. c. 204 (July 21). Describedby Eusebius as a strenuousopponent of the Montane heresymart3Ted in the persecution of

Severus. Butler, Eusebius.

St. ZoticusM. Companion of St. Macrobius(Sept. 13), q.v.

St. ZoticusM. Companion of St. Victor(Apr. 20), q.v.

St. ZuirardH. c. 1020 (N.D.). Seated in ahoUow tree covered with thorns.

(Ikon.)

St. Zuwarda. SeeSt. Sura

(June 8).

II

SECOND PART OF THE DICTIONARYAbbess

in black habit, under royal robesin blue habit, holding staff and bookcrowned, holding pabn and bookcrowned, holding staff .

holding a lambholding lamb, lily and bookthe Holy Ghost bringing her a veil

with staff and book, crown at feet

with staff and church .

standing behind her brother St. Bernardwalking on water assisted by an angel

Acolytewith tiara on book, near himwith two acoljrtes beside him

Agnus Deiin her armsin his lap

on a book in his hands

Almsgiving alms to the poor

St. Etheldreda. Q. (Oct. 17.)— Scholastica. V. (Feb. 10.)— Mabena. V. (n.d.)

— Wulvella. V. (n.d.)

— Agnes of Assisi. V. (Nov. 16.)— Agnes of Monte Pulciano. (Apr. 20.)— Aldegund. V. (Jan. 30.)— Ermenilda. Q. (Feb. 13.)— Elfleda. V. (Feb. 8.)— Humbeline. V. (n.d.)— Aldegund. V. (Jan. 30.)

— Clement.— Visorio.

Pope. M.M. (n.d.)

(Nov. 23.)

— Joanna. Q. (May 24.)— John Baptist. (Jime 24.)

lUd.

St 2.)

giving alms to poor cripples

to a kneeling beggarto three maidens, through a window

Alms Bagand sword

Alms Boxhung to his neck

Altarbefore altar of B. V. Mary; angels supporting child

on ladder

beheaded at an altar .

carried by his disciples

dead before an altar

at an altar, dove at his ear

dying on steps of an altar

at a fiery altar, dove overheadhis foot on broken pagan altar

fountain and altar near himher hand on an altar .

king murdering priest at altar, saint near

kneeling before an altar

139

Adalhard. Ab. C. (Jan.— Basil. Abp. (June 14.)— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

— Bertulph. Ab. (Feb. 5.)— Gregory. B.C. (Aug. 25.)— Gumtramnus. K.C. (Mar. 25.)— Homobonus. C. (Nov. 13.)— Medard. B.C. (June 8.)— PauHnus. B.C. (June 22.)— Thomas. Abp. C. (Sep. 18.)

— John. Patr. (Jan. 23.)— Savina. V. (Jan. 30.)— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)

— John. C. (Mar. 8.)

— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.)— Gohard. B.M. (n.d.)

— Sarinian. B.M. (n.d.)

— Winifred. V.M. (Nov. 3.)— Winwaloe. C. (Mar. 3.)— Homobonus. C. (Nov. 13.)— Dunstan. Abp. (May 19.)— Andrew. C. (Nov. 10.)— Lo. B. (Sep. 21.)— Victor. (May 8.)— Antidius. B. (June 25.)— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)

— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.)— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.)— John. C. (Mar. 8.)— MathUda. Q. (Mar. 14.)

Saints and their EmblemsAltar

—

continuedkneeling at an altar, acolyte with crimson bookwith her daughtera rope around his neckwith his wife .

Ijdng before an altar

martyred at an altar

at Mass, showing purgatory beside an altar

pra3mig before an altar

saying Mass at a falling altar .

serpent driven from under altar of Marsstabbed in back before an altar

trampling on an altar .

trampling on a pagan altar

Anchorin his hand ....in his hand, lamb and fountain near .

floating with anchor round necknear him ....thrown from ship, anchor round neck .

and scourge, at her feet

with an anchor

Angelannouncing his approaching death to himappearing to saint

with S. Cecilia near himwith cross and oUve branchat her side, saint prostrate before crucifix

bearing his head at tomb . <

beckoning himblowing pair of organs in her handbringing him bowl of foodbringing him breadbringing him a chasublebringing him a crosier

bringing him crosier and mitrebringing him a cross

bringing him a cross (saint on horseback in battle)

bringing a crown to saint

bringing him crown and palm .

bringing him fish

,, • . •

bringing him food in prison

bringing her fruit

bringing him gold

bringing him Blessed Sacramentbringing him a vestmentabove a cloud, quenching her flaming pile

bringing her the Blessed Sacramentbringing him the Blessed Sacrament .

giving the Blessed Sacrament to an angel

consoUng her ....conversing with hercovering her with garmentsin dalmatic, at her side

defending him against the devil

drawing them out of water

driving away evil spirits

driving oxen, saint pra3dngencouraging her i . . .

exhorting her . .

140

St. Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— Bertha. W. Abs. (July 4.)— Charles. Abp. (Nov. 4.)— Aquilinus. B. (Oct. 19.)— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.)— Aureus. B. (June 16.)

— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.)— Stanislaus. B.M. (May 7.)— Stephen. P.M. (Aug. 2.)

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.)

— Odila. V.M. (n.d.)

— Gonerius. H. (n.d.)

— PhiHp. Ap. M. (May i.)

— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.)— Alexander. M. (Aug. 26.)

— Victor. M. (July 21.)

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)

Ihii.

Ibid.

St. Nicholas. B.C. (Dec. 6.)— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— Philomena. V.M. (Aug. 10.)— FeUx. Pope. M. (May 30.)

— Caprais. Ab. (June i.)— Aldegund. V. Abs. (Jan. 30.)

— Pachomius. Ab. (May 14.)— Regnier. H. (July 17.)— Valernian. M. (Apr. 14.)— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.)— Mary. R. (June 28.)— Martin. B. (n.d.)

— Gregory. P.M. (Dec. 24.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Gallus. B.C. (Juty I.)— Abercius. B.C. (Oct. 22.)— Servatius. B. (May 13.)— Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.)

-Ulric. (July 4.)— ApoUinaris. B.M. (July 23.)— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.)— Felix. M. (Jan. 14.)— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.)— Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.)— Boniface. Apt. M. (June 5.)— Comgall. Ab. (May 10.)— Firinus. M. (Aug. 9.)— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.)— Secundus. M. (Mar. 30.)— Amabilis. P.C. (June 11.)— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.)— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.)— Bonaventura B.C.Dr. (July 14.)— Mark. H. (Mar. 29.)— Maglorius. B.C. (Oct. 24.)— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)— Rejmolfa. R. (n.d.)— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.)— Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.)— Faustinus and Companions. MM..

(Feb. 15.)— Hildegardis. V. Abs. (Sep. 17.)— Guido. C. (Sep. 12.)— Alena. V.M. (June 17.)— Victoria. M. (Dec. 23.)

Saints and their EmblemsAngel—continued

extinguishing her funeral pile .

feeding her dpng child in desertfeeding him in prison .

freeing him from stripes

giving her basket of flowersgiving him goldgiving her a monstrancegiving him a swordhanding him two tablets from cloudheaUng his woundshelping him make a jewelled cross

holding his crosier, saint writingholding crown over himholding her crown and crown of thornsholding his inkstandleading her on water ,

leading monks up ladder near himlighting her candle, devil blowing it

lighting lantern, devil fleeing .

near himnear him with bottle .

on horseback attending heropening a church door at nightnear her, pra3dng over martyrspla5dng an organ, saint singingplaying to himpresenting lily .

presenting model of Modenapresenting a pyxreceiving his soul

removing his chainsremoving his fetters

saving hun from drowningshowing him a desert

steering his boat(the symbol of S. Matthew) at side

touchmg monks with rodveiling hervisiting them in prison

with fish on a plate near himwith his eyes, in a cloth

with open book ; lily at his side

with scroll " Eris in pesto paironus"

with shield (fleur-de-lis) at her side

Angelsappearing to him

>> •

before himbringing him crownbringing mitre and pallium

bringing the Viaticum .

cooking his foodcovering her with their hair

defended by two angels

extinguishing flames of burning city

fed by angels on an island

feeding himholding monstrance before saint (in Trinitarian habit)

holding three crowns over his headnear himround hertaking his soul to heaventwo, beside himtwo, carr3dng him to altar

two, carrying him over river

two, giving him the Blessed Sacrament

two, one with the Blessed Sacrament, the other with

chalice and crosier .....two, one with open book, the other with three loaves on

a dish ....two, supporting a child on ladder near her

two, supporting her

141

St. Charitina. V.M. (Oct. 5.)— EUzabeth. W. (Nov. 5.)— Concord. P.M. (Jan. 2.)— Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.)— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)— Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.)

— Monica. W. (May 4.)— Mercurius. M. (Nov. 25.)— Cyril. C. (n.d.)

— Sergius. M. (Feb. 24.)— Bernward.— Bernard.— Dionysius.— Catherine.— Matthew.— Aldegimd,— Bernard.— Genevieve— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.)— Vulganus. B.C. (Nov,

B. (Nov. 26.)

Ab. D. (Aug. 20.)

B.M. (Oct. 9.)

V. (Apr. 30.)

Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)

V. Abs. (Jan. 30.)

C. (Aug. 21.)

V. (Jan. 3.)

2.)— Leontius. M. (n.d.)— Hildegund. V. (Apr. 20.)— Gregory. B.C. (Jan. 4.)— Serapia. V.M. (Sep. 3.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Amabilis. P.C. (Jime 11.)— Lidwyna. V. (Apr. 14.)— Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.)— Henry. O.P. (n.d.)

— Dismas. (Mar. 25.)— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.)— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)— Anthimius. M. (Apr. 27.)— Gomer. (Oct. 11.)— Florentius. Ap. C. (n.d.)

— Ambrose. B.C.D.— Achard. Ab. (Sep. 15.)— Menna. V.R. (Oct. 3.)— Primus and Comps. MM. (June 9.)— Berthold. Ab. (July 27.)— Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.)— Phihp. P.C. (May 26.)

— Clothilda. Q. (June 3.)

Fursey. Ab,Sevennus. P.

Dimstan. AbpFrancis. S.J.

Nicholas. Abp,Mechtildas. V.Didacus. C.

Agnes. V.M.Ladislas. K.Caesarius. B.

C. (Jan. 16.)

Ap. (Jan. 8.)

(May 19.)

(Dec. 3.)

C. (Dec. 6.)

Abs. (Apr. 10.)

(Nov. 13.)

(Jan. 21.)

(June 27.)

(Aug. 27.)• Adelric. C. (n.d.)

Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.)

Michael. C. (May 23.)• Philip. C. (Aug. 23.)

Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.)• Ermelind. V. (Oct. 29.)• Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.)

Silans. B.C. (n.d.)

Peter. C. (Jan. 31.)• Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.)

Stanilaus. C. (Nov. 13.)

Ulric. B. (July 4.)

Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)

BathUd. Q. (Jan. 26.)

Margaret. Pen. (Feb. 22.)

Saints and their EmblemsAngels—continued

with him, singing the office ....with emblems of the Passion, and Our Saviour, appearing

to him ......Anvil

armour, hammer and sword ....crown and hanmier on it .

and forge near himnear him ......with severed hand on it

Animals. {8m Beasts)

Appearingangels appearing to himappearing in the sky, over a fleet

appearing to S. Lucian, in a dreamS. Armand appearing to him .

S. Bartholomew appearing to himS. Cecilia appearing to himB.V. Mary appearing to him .

B.V. Mary and angel with pyx appearing to himB.V. Mary at deathbed of saint

B.V. Mary and Infant Christ appearing to him

a celestial palace appearing to himthe Cross appearing at her deathbed .

the Cross appearing to him)> ti ...

crucifix, and SS. Mary and John appearing to himenflamed and winged heart appearing to himSS. Francis and Clare appearing to herGangericus appearing to him .

S. Genevieve appearing to him

.

hell appearing to him .

The Holy Infant appearing to himThe Holy Infant in manger appearing to him

St. Andrew. C. (Nov. lo.)

— Ethelbert. K. (Feb. 24,)

— Adrian.— Eligius.

— Apelles.— Galmier.— Adrian.

M. (Sep. 8.)

B.C. (Dec. I.)

H. (N.D.)

Dn. C. (Feb.

M. (Sep. 8.)

27.)

in the sky, to cavalry .

S. John Baptist appearing to herOur Saviour appearing to her .

Our Saviour, with angels and s3mibols of theappearing to him

Our Saviour, with an axe, appearing to himOur Saviour, with S3mabols of the Passion, appearing

to her ....Our Saviour (with a boy) appearing to HimOur Saviour, in a ciborium, appearing to himOur Saviour, at Mass, appearing to him

Our Saviour, as a poor child .

Our Saviour, in prison

St. Peter, appearing at his bedside

St. Peter, or St. Eugenius appearing to himSt. Simeon beckoning him up a ladder .

St. Simpertus appearing to himSt. Thomas of Canterbury appearing to himWisdom and Chastity appearing to himSt. Wolfgang appearing to him .

the world in flames appearing to him .

Applegiving it to a blind king ....in his hand ......offering an apple to the Holy Infant in His mother'sarms (saint as a boy). ....

Applespalm, and roses .....three golden apples, in his hand

142

Passion

Fursejr. Ab. C. (Jan 16.)

- Ephysius. M. (Jan 15.)

- Gamaliel. C. (Aug. 3.)

- Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

Guthlac. P.H. (Apr. 11.)

Paschal. Pope. (May 14.)

Cyril. Patr. (Jan. a8.)

• Henry. O.P. (n.d.)

Verena. V. (Sep. i.)

Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.)

Emeric. C. (Nov. 4.)

Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.)

Rasrmond. C. (Jan. 23.)

Stephen. Ab.Deusdedit. C.

Hildegardis. V.Ephysius. M.Geminian. B.CRobert. Fdr.

(Apr. 17.)

(Aug. 10.)

Abs. (Sep. 17.)

(Jan. 15.)

(Jan. 13.)

(Feb. 24.)• Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.)

Colette. V. Abs. (Mar. 6.)

Waltheof. Ab. C. (Aug. 3.)

Wilham. Ab. C. (Apr. 6.)

Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.)

Edmund. Abp .C. (Nov. 16.)

Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

Silvester. Ab. (n.d.)

• James. Ap. (July 25.)

Ursmar. B. (Apr. 19.)

Rita. W. (N.D.)

Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.)

Tarsilla. V. (Dec. 24.)

Ethelbert. K.Herman. B.C.

(Feb. 24.)

(Apr. 7.)

Bridget.

Vincent.

Thomas.Gregory.Thomas.Peter. B.M.Theodore. M,

W. (Oct. 8.)

C. (Apr. 5.)

B.C. (N.D.)

Pope. D. (Mar.

C. (N.D.)

(Nov. 26.)

(Nov. 9.)

12.)

- Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)- Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.)- Sadoth. B.M. (Feb. 20.)- UMc. B. (July 4.)

Edmund. Abp. C. (Nov. 16.)

Gregory. Abp. C.Dr. (May 9.)- Henry. Emp. (July 15.)- Gabinus. P.M. (Feb. 19.)

- Malachy. Abp. (Nov. 3.)- Sabas. Ab. (Dec. 5.)

Bl. Herman Joseph C. (Apr. 7.)

- Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)- Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)

ArmSaints and their Emblems

burning his arm in a fire

one arm torn oS . . .

Armourin armour ....with armour near him, sword in his handwith banner (lion rampant gules)

with banner (with nine roundels)

in a battle in armour .

a bearded warriorbearing palm .

in complete armourwith crosier, a well near himhanging it on a cross .

with hammer and swordhelmet at feet, Maltese cross at his neckholding sword and windmillon horseback .

on horseback with bannerwith long arrow and shield

with mantle and orb .

with mantle, sceptre, mitre and swordwith red surcoat with white cross

with robe, coronet, sceptre and Calvary cross

with rosarywith shield, spear and palmwith shield and spear, trampling devil

with standard and spear

standing, piercing devil

with sword, and dragon at feet

a sword in his handwith white eagle on red banneras a youth

Armshis arms cut off

his arms and legs cut off

Armyappearing in the sky to an army

it >i

king with ensign leading an armyfleeing before him

Arrowand banner with red cross

broken in his breast

each holding an arrow .

flaming, in her heart

and globe

in hand

in hand, wearing red surcoat

and lance

lance, and dagger

long, with shield and armour

and sceptre

aimed at his breast

and virgins, beneath her cloak

wounding his knee

in her hand, trampHng on a pagan

Arrowsand bent bowin his hand

in her handsl3ring on ground near a forge

pierced with five arrows

St. WiUiam. P.H. (Apr. 24.)— Alena. V.M. (June 17.)

— Reinoldus. C.

— William.— Maurice.— Quirinus— Sabinus.— Nazarius.— Hippolytus— Nabor. M,

H.M.M.B.MM.

(N.D.)

(Feb. 10.)

(Sep. 22.)

(Mar. 30.)

(Dec. 30.)

(July 28.)

M. (Aug. 13.)

(July 12.)— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.)— Gallicanus. M. (June 25.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— JuHan. M. (Aug. 28.)— Victor. M. (July 28.)— Emilian. Ab. C. (Nov. 12.)— Benignus. M. (Apr. 3.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)— Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.)

Ibid.

St. Nicasius. M. (Oct. 11.)— Alban. M. (June 22.)— Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.)— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.)— Acacius. B.C. (May. 8)— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Theodore. M. (Feb. 7.)— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)

— Celsus. M. (July 18.)

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.)

— James. Ap. (July 25.)— Ursmar. B. (Apr. 19.)— Ladislas. K. (June 27.)— Anselm. C. (Mar. 18.)— Agnellus. Ab. (Dec. 14.)

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.)— Romulus. S.dn. (Mar. 24.)

SS. Cosmos and Dalmian. MM. (Sep.

St. Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Peter. M. (Jan. 29.)— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.)— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)— Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.)— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.)

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 23.)— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.)

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)

— Kessoge. B.C. (Mar. 10.)— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)— Faustus. M. (Sep. 8.)— Otto. B. (July 2.)— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.)

— Otto. B. (July 2.)— Ursula. V.M. (Oct, 21.)

148

Saints and their EmblemsArrows

—

continuedpierced with arrows

pierced with three arrowsand sceptre

three arrowstwo, crossed in a heart, in his hand

Asleepan eagle fanning him ,

under a staircase

under a tree

St. Wolfgang appearing to himOur Saviour holding a taper to his eyeshis lamp faUing from his hand

Aspergilland basin in hand, dragon behind herin his hand

taking up martyr's blood with it

threatening devil with it

in his hand, angels attending himin his hand, a dead man near himin his hand, harvesters near himprisoners with broken fetters near him

Assand crib, near himkneeling to Blessed Sacrament held by saint

laden with stones near himlying before himnear him

,, . • •

riding an ass, exorcising a devil

with panniers of bread, purse on its neck

Axecleaving his head, dagger in handhanging on a sunbeam near himheld by Our Savoiur before himin his hand

in his hand, viper under foot .

laid at foot of an oak, angel bringing himand torch, in his handsin his hand, felled tree near himand church, in his hands

Baker's Peelin his hand

Ballssix, or nine, on a shield

three, in his handthree, in her hand

Bannerand church, in his handand cross swordand figure of B.V. Mary in his handsand globe

and sword

a fish

St. Sebastian.

Saints and their EmblemsBanner—continued

holding it at head of legion

planting it on wall of a city

cross and palm.in her handin his handin his hand, near city wall

in his hand, trampling on a turbansword and cross

charged with cross and four eagles

charged with crucifix .

diarged wilji an escarbuncle and shield

diarged witb a harpcharged with the rosary, B.V. Mary holding his handred, charged with white cross .

red, charged with white eagle .

white, charged with red cross .

charged with a cross .

charged with a dovecharged with lamb and cross (stones oncharged with red Uon rampantcharged wilhi nine roundels (in armourdiarged with I H Swith a radiant I H Swith a red cross

with a red cross, crown, and bookwith seven stars

with six roses .

with three crownsof the Thebian legion

and spear, in armourand windmill .

Bannersand swords

Baptizedand receiving her sight

by St. Emidiusby St. Matthewby St. Peter

on a stage, angels near himSt. Nonnus standing by her

Baptizinga child

a kinga kneeUng womanan Ethopian eunuchClovis, sacred dove hovering near

Constantine the Great

convertsEthelbert of KentIndians (or Japanese) converts

King Radbod's son

neophjrtes

pagansPepin .

S. LuciUaS. Odila

S. Polisia

South American natives

Theodore of Bavaria •

Valerian and Tibertius

Barnblessing a barn,

near her

Barrelblessing a barrel

eagle rising out of it .

foot of cross in it

his head)

St. Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.)— Antoninus. Ab. C. (Feb. 14.)— Pancras. M. (May 12,)— MonaceUa. V. (n.d.)

— Ladisias. K.C. (July 27.)— Venantius. M. (May 18.)

— Raymond. Ab. C. (Feb. i.)

— Proculus. M. (n.d.)

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)— Louis. C. (n.d.)— Victor. M. (July 21.)— David. K. (n.d.)— Alanus de Rupe. O.P. (n.d.)— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.)— Wenceslas. M. (Sep. 28.)— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.)— Ubaldus. B. (May 16.)— Michael. Archangel.— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.)— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.)•— Quirinus. M. (Mar. 30.)— John. C. (Oct. 23.)— Bernardin. C. (Ifciy 20.)— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.)— Reparata. V.M. (Oct. 8.)— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.)— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Eric. K.M. (May 18.)— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.)— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.)— Victor. M. (July 21.)

— Ursus and Companions. MM. (Sep.

30.)

— Othaia. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.)— Polisia. (n.d.)— Iphigenia. V. (Sep. 21.)— Plautilla. Matr. (May 20.)— Processus. M. (July 2.)— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.)— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

— Gamelbert. P.C. (Jan. 27.)— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.)— Finan. B. (Feb. 17.)— PhiUp. Dn. (June 6.)— Remigiis. Abp. (Oct. i.)

— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.)— Romulus. M. (July 6.)— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.)— Francis. O.S.J. (Oct. 10.)— WuHram. Abp. (Mar. 20.)— Piligrinus. B.C. (n.d.)

— WiUrid. B.C. (Oct. 12.)— WiUibrod. B.C. (Nov. 7.)— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.)— Erhard. B.M. (Jan. 8.) \— Emidius. B.C. (n.d.)

— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)— Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.)— Urban. Pope. M. (May 25.)

— Ansovinus. C. (Mar. 13.)— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)

— Monegunda. W.R. (July 2.)— John. Ap. (Dec. 27.^

— Willebrod. Abp. (Nov. 7.)

145

Saints and their EmblemsBarrel—continued

inhishandgl .

near hernear him

n ...shut up in a barrel

at his feet

in a barrel, with skull and cross

of wine, at his feet

in his hand

Basinand branch in hand

Basketin her handin his handin lion's mouth at his side

of bread in her hand .

>i • •

of bread and flagon of wineof bread and bell on a cordof eggs, in his handof flowers

of flowers, offered by an angelof fruit.

of loaves, in his hand .

of roses

with pitcher in it

with three apples and three roses

Basketsmaking

,, • • -

Battleappearing, in the air, to cavalry

army fleeing before him

in battle]]

in battle

in a battle, in armour .

in a battle, fiery cloud over his heada battle in the distance

an Ethiopian king gaining a battle

on a horse in the sky, near a battle

at his prayer rocks fall on the enemyprajdng near a battle .

jt •

repelling Arabs in battle

Battleaxeand cross ....in his hand

,, ....as head to his crosier .

Beamand sword in his hands

Bearand lion near her, saint tied to pillar

saint approaching a man struck down by bearat his side

carrying his baggage .

carrying woodchained, by her side

devouring man at her feet

drawing a plougheating his food, bear in cell asleep

erect, saint feeding it .

fawning on her

.

forbidding a bear to take apples

his hand on its head .

keeping his sheeplicking his feet

St. Carilippus. Ab. M. (Apr. a8.)

— Antonia. V.M. (Apr. 29.)— Becharius. Ab. M. (Oct. 16.)

— Hermeland. Ab. (Mar. 25.)

— Antonia. V.M. (Apr. 29.)— Launomar. Ab. (Jan. 19.)— Rosaha. V. (Sep. 4.)— Guinandus. O.P. (n.d.)

— Othmar. Ab. (Nov. 4.)

— Praxedes. V.M. (July 21.)

— Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.)— John. Mk. (May 6.)— Gerasimas. Ab. (Mar. 5.)— Archangela. V. (n.d.)

— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.)— Ehzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Romanus. H. (May 22.)— Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.)— Dorothy. V.M. (Feb. 6.)— Rosaha. V. (Sep. 4.)— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.)— Phihp. Ap. M. (May i.)

— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.)— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)

— Julian.— Arsenius.

Saints and their EmblemsBear—continued

near herseated near himtaking a thorn from foot of bearwith baggage on its back near himwith three pilgrims

Bear's Denin a bear's den, fountain near him

BeardedBearded woman

Beasttaming a wild beastwild beast licking himwith its young ones, near him

Beastsdriving wild beasts from gate of EvreuxwUd beasts fleeing from cavewild beasts near his hutin a cave with himnear herexposed to wild beasts

Beatenwith a club

with club by devil

with clubs

to death with a club

with leaded whips

Bedin her hand, or at her side

lying on a bedl3ring on a bed, man reading to him

Beehivein his handin his hand, and scroll with " Doctor Mellifluus

'

near him . . . . .

Beggaras a beggar, meeting his parents at his deathbed

embracing a beggarat his feet

near hernear himsharing alms with a beggar

sharing his cloak with a beggar

Beggarsarotmd heraround himferrying them across river

Beheadedand pierced with spear

and pierced with three lances

and thrown into the sea

by a king

in prison

with her seven sons

and thrown into a fire .

147

St. Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. i6.)

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)— Aventine. B.C. (Feb. 4.)— Maximinus. B. (May 29.)— Romedius & Companions. MM. (n.d.)

— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)

— Wilgefortis. V.M. (July 20.)— Galla. W. (Oct. 5.)— Paula. V. (Feb. 5.)

— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)— Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.)— Macarius. (Jan. 2.)

— Taurinus. B. (Aug. 11.)— GaUus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.)— Caluphanus. H. (Mar. 3.)— Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.)— Tatiana. VM. (Jan. 12.)— Primus. M. (Jtme 9.)— Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.)

SS. Adrian & Eubulus. MM. (Mar. 5.)St. Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.)— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.)— Blandina. V.M. (June 2.)

• Lambert. B.M.Apollinaris. B.MDorotheus. B.M.Ewald the White.Boniface. Abp.Concordia. M.

(Sep. 17.)

(July 23.)

(June 5.)

, M. (Oct. 3.)

M. (June 5.)

(Aug. 13.)

Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.)

Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)

Servulus. C. (Dec. 23.)

Ambrose. B.CDr.Bernard. Ab. D.John Chrysostom.

(Apr. 4.)

(Aug. 20.)

(Jan. 27.)

— John. H. (Jan. 15.)— Leo. Pope. (June 28.)— Gonsalvo. P.C. (Jan. 10.)— John. C. (Mar. 8.)— Omobuono. (n.d.)— Elizabeth. Q. (July 8.)— Medard. B.C. (June 8.)— Benedict. C. (Apr. 16.)— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.)

— Hildegardis. V. Abs. (Sep. 17.)— Zosimus. B. (Mar. 30.)— Julian. H. (n.d.)

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.).— Procopius of Alexandria— Maurihus. B. (n.d.)

SS. Abundius and Irenseus. MM,(Aug. 26.)

St. Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.)— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.)— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.)— Hermengild. K.M. (Apr. 13.)— Felicitas. M. (Nov. 23.)— Constantius. B.M. (Jan. 29.)

Saints and their EmblemsBell

and tau staff .

and torchbroken by devil

carried by devil near himfishes answering a bell .

with image of B.V.M. inside it

in fish's mouth, near himin his hand

near himon chain in his hand .

on cord, basket of bread at the other endstaff, and beadsringing his chapel beU, boats surrounding him

Bellsand clown's capstaff with two bells on it

Bellowsdevil using bellows to extinguish taper,

devil with bellows on shoulders

Benedictine habitwith armour near him, sword in handwith book and crosier .

holding book with casque on it

with mitrewith royal insignia

and tiara

holding palm and crown

Bieron a bier, St. Catherine kissing it

the sick pra3nng around hera chUd restored to health by touching him

Birdbringing him crown in prison .

bringing him food

»» • •

bringing him a letter and gold boxcarrying a fish .

finding his headon his handin his hand, head downwards .

hovering over martjnr's body .

perched on roof of his cell

with ring in its biU

>i »» • •

on his shoulder

at his side .

,, • • .

on his wrist

,, ...on his wrist (saint as a boy)

Birdsdropping flowers on her corpse

feeding at her feet

feeding from his handsflock of birds accompan3ang her corpse

preaching to birds

pursuing his murderers

.

round himshutting birds in a granarysmall birds, hovering near himtwo, hovering over ship containing his relics

three, hovering over hun

Birettawearing the biretta, holding pen and book, dove at her

6ai • • • • •,•

148

Ab. C. (Jan. 17.)

(Mar. 21.)

)

I7-)

St, Antony,lUi.St. Benedict. Ab— Theodulus. B.C. (Jan. 14.)— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.)— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.)— Paul. B.C. (Mar. 12.)

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan,— Kenan. B.C. (Nov. 5.)— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.)

— Gildas. Ab. (Jan. 29.)— Teilo. B. (Feb. 9.)— Romanus. H. (May 22.)

— Mutius. H. (n.d.)

— Piammon. H. (n.d.)

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.)

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.)

— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.)— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)

— William. H. (Feb. 10.)— Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.)— William. Ct. (n.d.)— Herculanus. B.M. (Mar. i.)

— Chlodulf. B.C. (Junes.)— Peter. Pope. C. (May 19.)— Flavia. NM.. (Oct. 5.)

— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.)

Ihid.

St. Philip. C. (Aug. 23.)

Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)

Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)

Paul. H.C. (Jan. 15.)

Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)

Amoald. B. (July 18.)

Auxentius. M. (Dec. 13.)

Julian Hospitator. H. (n.d.)

Orcas. (n.d.)

Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)

Otho. H. (n.d.)

Ida. Cts. (Nov. 3.)


David. Abp. (Mar. i.)

Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.)Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)

Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

Jeron. C. (Nov. 7.)

Dentlin. Ch. (July 14.)

Sophronia. R. (n.d.)1

Sibylla SamiaRemigius. Abp. (Oct. i.)

Georgia. V. (Feb. 15.)

Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

Meinrad. H.M. (Jan. 21.)

Maxentius. Ab. (June 26.)

Maurice. Ab. (n.d.)

Conrad. C. (Feb. 19.)Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)

Medard. B. (June 8.)

— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)

Saints and their EmblemsBishop

as a bearded (Greek) bishop, preaching to sheepas a bishop

carried out of prison by a bishopon either side of him .

(Greekj, with palm and sword, books underfootwith kmg, holding model of church between them(as a lawyer) writing ....saint standing before a bishop .

walking on thorns with a bishop

Blessed Virgin Maryand angels m choir near himappearing to him, the saint writingappearing at her deathbed

appearing at his deathbedappearing to him at Massappearing over gate of his prisonappearing to himassisting at his death .

giving her a white veil

giving him a chasuble .

giving him episcopal vestmentsgiving him a girdle

giving him mUk from her breastgiving him a white cowlholding his hand, with banner of the rosaryimage of B.V. Mary and ciborimn in his handsimage of B.V. Mary darting rays on his face

kneeling bound before B.V. Mary, devil at his side

led by him in childhoodoffering him drink from two vessels

offering her heart to B.V. Maryofiering his heart to B.V. Maryoffering him a ring (or vice versa)

offering his scapular to B.V. Marypicture of B.V. Mary in his handpresenting a chaplet of roses to herpresenting a ring to himrestoring his hand, cut off

saluting her ....sheltering her from rain with her mantlesupporting the roof of his chapel

with an angel, giving him a pyximage of the B.V. Mary, and book, in his handsimage of the B.V. Mary, and church, in her hands

image of the B.V. Mary, and banner, in his handsimage of the B.V. Mary, saint kneeling before it

Blessed Virgin Mary and Holy Infantappearing to saint

before her, the saint offering fruit to the Holy Infant

B.V. Mary kneeling, receiving the Holy Infant from himHoly Infant in her arms, saint praying to Him .

Holy Infant placed in his arms by B.V. Mary .

praying before an image of the B.V. Mary and Holy Infant

Blessinga bam....•••Charles Martel . . . .

.

149

St. Apollinaris.

— Aristarchus— Cleer. C.— Gemreta.— FeUx. C.— Botulph.— Cyprian.— Gislerius.

— Philogonius. B— Gothard. B.C,

M. (July 23.)

(Aug. 4.)

(N.D.)

M. (n.d.)

(Jan. 14.)

Ab. (June 17.)

M. (Sep. 26.)

C. (N.D.)

(Dec. 22.)

(May 4.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)

— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.)— Carmelo. B.C. (n.d.)

— Opportuna. V. Abs. (Apr. 22.)— Verena. V. (Sep. i.)

— Radbod. B.C. (Nov. 29.)— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.)— Bernardin. C. (May 20.)— Paschal. C. (May 17.)— Albert. B.C. (n.d.)

— Mary. V. (May 25.)— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)— Norbert. B.C. (June 6.)— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.)— Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.)— Alberic. Ab. (Jan. 26.)— Alanus de Rupe. O.P. (n.d.)

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.)— Alphonsus. B.C. (Aug. 2.)— TheophUus. C. (Feb. 4.)— Joachim. C. (Mar. 20.)

O.P. (n.d.)

AbsAb.Abp.O.P.

(Aug. 12.)

(Mar. 21.)

C. (Nov.

(N.D.)

— Baldwin— Clara. V— Benedict.— Edmund.— Reginald.— John. (Nov. 24.)— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)— Robert. Ab. (Apr. 29.)— John. Mk. (May 6.)— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.)— Mary. R. (June 23.)— Philip. P.C. (May 26.)— Bl. Henry. O.P. (n.d.)

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Hedwig. W. (Oct. 17.)— Stephen. K.C. (Sep. 2.)— Edmund. B. (Nov. 16.)

— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.)— Ajnsehn. Abp. (Apr. 21.)— Cyril. C. (Jan. 28.)— Emeric. C. (Nov. 4.)— Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.)

— Bl. Henry. O.P. (n.d.)

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.)— Jerom. C. (July 20.)— Leander. B.C. (Feb. 27.)— Stephen. Ajj. (Apr. 17.)

Sibylla. Tiburtina.

St. Raymond. C. (Jan. 23.)— Anselm. B.C. (Apr. 21.)— Anne. Matr. (July 26.)— Antony. C. (June 13.)— Petronius. B.C. (Oct. 4.)— Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.)— William. C. (June 25.)

16.)

— Ansovinus.— Giles. Ab.

C. (Mar.

(Sep. I.)

13.)

Saints and their EmblemsBlessing

—

continneda churcha kneeling boy

.

a virgin, dove at his ear

Blindher eyes on a bookbUnd bishop giving ahnsbUnd, a wolf leading himCistercian nun, blind .

giving an apple to a blind kingreceiving a cup from Totila

restoring sight to the blind

Blockkneeling at a block

Bloodman catching his blood in a bowlwriting " Credo " in blood, on the ground

Blowing Bladderschildren pointing at himas a child blowing bubbles

Boarnear himriding a wild boar

Boar's Headbrought him in prison

Boardand mallet, outside his cell

Boatand open book, in her handsan angel steering his boatdead, in a boat, going against the streamdead, in a boat steered by an angel

drifting down stream in a boatescaping in a boat from prison

in a boat ....,, ....

in a boat, his cloak for sail

in a boat on the Nile .

in his hand ....in his handlying in a boatrowed on flooded river

in a sailing boat

Boatsarriving with provisions, near himsurrounding his chapel

Bodkinin his handand palm, in his hands

Bookin a bag, in his hand .

with cup on it .

with double crown on it

his eyes on a book (on the ground)

fish on a book

St. Callixtus. Pope.— Claudius. Abp.— Hilary. Abp. C.

M. (Oct.

(June 6.)

(May 5.)

14.)

— Othilia. V. (Dec. 13.)— Aquilinus. B. (Oct. 19.)— Herve. H. (June 17.)— Lutgardis. V. (June 16.)

— Malachy. Abp. (Nov. 3.)— Sabinus. B. (Feb. 9.)— Albinus. B.C. (Mar. i.)

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.)— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)— Maclovius. B.C. (Nov. 15.)— Mang. C. (n.d.)— Pardulphus. Ab. (n.d.)

— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.)— Terentius. M. (Apr. 10.)— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.)— Vedast. B.C. (Feb. 6.)— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.)

— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.)— Waltheof. C. (Aug. 3.)

— William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)— Peter. (Apr. 29.)

•Simeon. H.C.Joseph. B.C.

(July I.)

(July 20.)

— EmUian. H. (Nov. 16.)— Cyr. M. (June 16.)

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)

— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.)

- Mary. Pen. (July 22.)- Florentius. Ab. C. (n.d.)

- Melanius. B.C. (Jan. 6.)

Torpesius. M. (May 17.)

Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.)

Adelheid. Emps. (Dec. 12.)

Aigulf. Ab. (Sep. 3.)

Maudatus. H. (n.d.)

Rajnnond. C. (Jan. 23.)• Athanasius. B.C.D. (May 2.)

Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)

Torpesius. (May 17.)

Bertinus. Ab. (Sep. 5.)• Ar6. B.C. (n.d.)

Fridian. B.C. (Mar. 18.)

Lazarus. B.M. (Dec. 17.)

Jodoc. H.Piammon.

(Dec. 13.)

H. (N.D.)

Leodgar. B.M. (Oct. 2.)

Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.)

Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.)Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 12.)Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.)Simon. M. (Oct. 28.)

150

Saints and their EmblemsBook—continued

five stones on a book .

in his handin his hand, with three crowns on it

Holy Infant standing on a book in his handwith lamb on it

and lUyopen book, and lanternopen book, three mitres at his feet

of Sarum use in his handand scroll

with Agnus Dei on it, in his handpierced with a sword .

rays issuing from it

with stones on it

with sword on it

with three flasks of oil on it

with three cruets on it

with three mitres on it

with three, or six, gold balls on it

with two ewers on it .

with a dove on it

with teeth on it

with a wine vessel on it

of music, saint writing in it

Booksburning his books . . . .

books in hand, three books and pen at his side

three books, in his handunderfoot, (Greek) bishop with palm and swordfour open, in his lap, a star over them.

Bottlegourd shaped .

and shears

angel with a bottle near him .

giving drink from a bottle to S. Philip Neri(pilgrim's) and staff

it • •

Boughdead bough in his handof almond leaves and flowers .

of cherries, in his hand

Boundto a cross-shaped tree, mallets at feet .

to a stake, biunt with a torch

to a T cross ....to a tree ....with cord, devil at his side, before the B.V.M.

11 ...naked, to a tree

Bowand arrows in his handsin armour, holding a bow

Bowelsfastened to a stake

in his handstorn outwound round windlass

Bowerpraying in a bower

Bowlhis blood caught in a bowl by a man .

of food brought by angel

of water, net over it ; boy with fish on a plate

of gold, and lily, in his hands .

wooden bowl and spoon at his feet

St. Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.)— Ukic. H. (Feb. 20.)— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.)— Antony. C. (Jtme 13.)— Ewald the Black. P.M. (Oct. 3.)— Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.)

SibyUa. Persica.

St. Bemardin. C. (May 20.)— Osmund. B. (Dec. 4.)— Uriel. Archangel.— John Baptist. (June 24.)— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)— Thomas. Dr.C. (Mar. 7.)— Liborius. B. (Jiily 23.)— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)— Walburgis. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.)— Heydrop. B.C. (n.d.)— Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Aerichus. C. (May 18.)— Apollonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.)— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.)— Ceadmon. Mk. (Feb. 11.)

— Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.)— Angus. Ab. C. (Mar. 11.)— Hilary. B.C. (Jan. 13.)— Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.)— Thomas Aquinas. (Mar. 7.)

— Raphael. Archangel— Cosmas and Companions. MM.— Leontius. M. (n.d.)

— Felix. O.M.C. (May 21.)— Bridget. (Oct. 8.)— James. Ap. (July 25.)

— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Gerard. C. (n.d.)

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)— Philip. Ap. M. (May i.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)— Paphnutius. M. (Sep. 24.)— Theophilus. C. (Feb. 4.)— Exuperantius. M. (Dec. 30.)

SS. Felix and Regula. MM. (Sep. 11.)

St. Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)

Kessoge. B.C.

Sebastian. M.(Mar. 10.)

(Jan. 20.)

Ernest. M. (n.d.)

Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.)

Thiemon. B.M. (n.d.)

Claudius. Abp. (June 6.)

Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)

Monacella. V. (n.d.)

William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)

Onuphrius. H. (June 12.)

Anthony. C. (June 13.)

Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.)

Gerard. C. (n.d.)

151

Saints and their EmblemsBox

of colours ....of ointment, in her handof money, in his hand .

of money, hanging from his neck

Boy. {See also Child)as a boy, dividing his clothes with others

at his side

as a boy, cruciiied

exorcising a boyas a boy, holding arms, book and palmas a boy keeping sheep

kneeling before him

it •

as a boy minding cattle, with bookmounting ladder by a chainpossessed, near himrestoring a boy to Ufa

" a

It •

restoring a drowned boy to life

with fish in his handwith mares round him .

with his mother and brothers near himleprous boy kneeling to herwashing the head of a beggar boy

Boysthree boys with himfour, receiving some of his clothes

her seven boys mart3nred before herher seven boys martyred with her

Bramblemiraculously bearing grapes, near him

Branchand basin in her hand .

in her handJ, I •

in his hand, saint addressing monksof myrtle in her handolive branch in his hand

with three white flowers

olive branch in his hand, mitre and crosier at his feet

Brancheskneeling at crossed branches, crown and sceptre at feet .

crosier, with two olive branches arising out of threemounds and a cross at top . . . .

Brandedon forehead ......

Brazier. {See also Bull of Brass)between them......burnt in a brazier .....

Breadand fish, in his hand .

and sickle ....angel bringing bread .

as a hermit with loaf of breadbasket of bread and flagon of winebrought him by raven .

dish of loaves in his handgiving to three maidens through windowgiving to the poorfilling a tomb with bread for the poor

162

St. Herman. C. (Apr. 7.)— Mary Magdalen. (July 22.)

— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 21.)

— John C. (Mar. 8.)

— Thomas.— Leander.— Tescelin.— William.— Hildulfus— Pancras.— Launomar.— Magnus,— Thurian.— Claudius.— Vincent.— Vindician,— Valery.— Leonard

Ap. C. (Sep. 18.)

B.C. (Feb. 27.)

C. (N.D.)

Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)

Abp. (July II.)

M. (May 12.)

Ab. (Jan. 19.)" I-)B.M. (Jan.

B.C. (N.D.)

Abp. (June 6.)

C. (Apr. 5.)

B. (Mar. 11.)

Ab. (Dec. 12.)

H. (Nov. 6.)— Eleutherius. Ab. (Sep. 6.)

Ibid.

St. Mansuetus. B.C. (Sep. 3.)— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Ceslas. C. (July 20.)— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.)— Severus. B. (Feb. i.)

— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.)— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)

Ibid.

St. Babylus. B.M. (Jan. 24.)— Thomas. C. (Sep. 18.)

— Symphorosa. M. (July 8.)— FeUcitas. W.M. (Nov. 23.)

— Maximus. B.C. (Jan. 15.)

— Praxedes. V.M. (July 21.)— Bibiana. V.M. (Dec. 2.)— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)— Brendan. Ab. (May 16.)— Sibylla Libyca.— Nicholas. B.C. (n.d.)— Peter. M. (Jan. 29.)— Peter. C. (Jan. 13.)

Angel of MercySt. Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.)

— Procopius. Ab. H. (July 4.)

— Bernard. C. (Aug. 21.)

— Flavian. M. (Dec. 22.)

— Timothy and Companions. MM.(May 3.)— Florentius. M. (Oct. 13.)

— Berthold. Ab. (July 27.)— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)— Godfrey. C. (Jan. 13.)— Nicholas. B.C. (Dec. 6.)— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.)— Ida. W. (Sep. 4.)

Saints and their EmblemsBread

—

continuedInfant Christ putting a loaf in his wallet

in her laploaf of bread in her handloaf of bread in raven's beak

and pitcher

receiving basket from a boythree loaves on a book]

three loaves on a book brought by an angel

three loaves on a table, angel near

with three loaves, saint covered with her hair

saint in hollow tree, man bringing loaf of bread

in his wallet .....Breaking

idols

m pnsonthe statue of Apollo

Breastburnt by executioner .

using his own breast as an altar

holding her breast, shears on groundhot iron apphed to her breast .

pierced with five arrowspierced with a sword

Breastscut off ...cut off, saint consoled by angels

cut off, saint tied to a wheelon a dish

and shears, in her handin her handon a bookon a book, knife in her hand

Bridgeand fortified town near him

in his hand .....standing on a bridge . . . .

thrown from bridge, millstones round their necks

floating near a bridge....Broom

in her hand

in his handsweeping church with a broom

Bucketand fish, at his side

Buildingdirecting the building of a church

Bullat his feet

lying before himnear himtorn by wild bull

tossed by a bull

kneeling to him168

St. Fehx. O.M.C. (May 21.)— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)— Sibylla Ciunana.— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.)— Paul. H. (Jan. 15.)

Abdias. Pt.

St. Archangela. V. (n.d.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.)— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.)— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.)— John. C. (Jan. 23.)

— MeUtina.— Wilfrid.— Willehad.— Christina.— Abercius.

V.M. (Sep. 15.)

B.C. (Oct. 12.)

B. (Nov. 8.)

V.M. (July 24.)

B.C. (Oct. 22.)

— JuUana.— Lucian.— Agatha.— CaUiope.— Ursula.— Justina.

V.M. (Feb. 16.)

B.M. (Jan. 7.)

V.M. (Feb. 5.)

M. (June 8.)

V.M. (Oct. 21.)

V.M. (Oct. 7.)

— Sophia and Companions. MM.(Sep. 18.)— Agneda. V.M. (n.d.)— Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.)— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)

Ihii.

St. Potamiana. V.M. (June 28.)— Macra. V.M. (Jan. 6.)— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)

— Benet of Avignon. (Apr. 14.)— Dominic. H.C. (May 12.)— Gonsalvo. P.C. (Jan. 10.)— John. M. (May 16.)

SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM.(Oct. 25.)

St. John. M. (May 16.)

26.)— Bathild. Q. (Jan.— Gisella. Q. (n.d.)— PetroniUa. V. (May 31.)— Martin. B. (n.d.)— Tibuldus. C. (n.d.)

— Corentin. B. (Dec. 12.)

— Severinus. P. Ap. (Jan.— Willibald. B. (July 7.)— Hieretha. (July 8.)

8.)

Adolphus.SaturninusSylvester.

Adolphus.Regnier.

Marciana.Blandina.Carihppus,

B.C. (n.d.)

B.M. (Nov. 29.)

Po. C. (Dec. 31.)

B.C. (N.D.)

H. (JUIV17.)V.M. (Jan. 9.)

V.M. (June 2.)

Ab. M. (Apr, 28.)

Saints and their EmblemsBull (of brass)

burnt in

Bull (papal)in his hand

Bullstorn by

Bundlesin their hands .

Buriedalive, stones on himto his waistin a well

Burninghis books

Burntalive together .

angels near herat the stake

by paganshis legs and feet in burning cloths

in a brazier

in a bull of brass

in a furnace

in a pan, with S. Justinaon a gridiron

to death

together at stake

with torches

with two thieves

and stabbed, at stake .

Buryingthe body of St. Lawrencemart3n:s' bodies

Bushburning .....burning, before him ....his head in a holly bush

Caltropson ground near him ....

Calvestwo, at his feet ....

Camelnear him .....riding a camel, or near it . . .

Candle. {See also Taper)and cords, in her handsin her hand, devil with bellows on her shoulder

lighted by angel, devil blowing at it .

154

St. Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)

— Victor. M. (May 8.)

— Pelagia. V.M. (May 4.)— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.)

— Ansehn. Abp. (Apr. 21.)

— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.)

— Rufina and Companions. W. MM.(July 10.)

— Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.)— Marcellus. M. (Sep. 4.)— VitaUs. M. (Apr. 28.)

— CjTprian. M. (Sep. 26.)

SS. JuUana and Cyrina. W. (Nov. i.)

St. Sosthenes and Companions. MM.(Sep. 10.)— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.)— Afra. M. (Aug. 5.)— Hilaria. M. (Aug. 12.)— Edesius. M. (Apr. 8.)— Florehtius. M. (Oct. 13.)— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)— Pelagia. V.M. (May 4.)— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.)

SS. Theodore and Julian. MM. (Sep. 4.)

St. Cjrprian. M. (Sep. 26.)— Donatella. M. (n.d.)

— Eustratius. M. (Dec. 13.)— Laurence. D.M. (Aug. 10.)— Alexander and Companions. MM.(May 29.)— Barnabas. Ap. M. (June 16.)— Eulalia. V.M. (Dec. 10.)— Potamiana and Companions. MM.— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.)— Theodulus. M. (Feb. 17.)— Timon. D. (Apr. 19.)

(July 5.)

and Eulampia. MM.— Zoe. V.M.SS. Eulampius

(Oct. 10.)

St. Barbara. V.M.— Nemesion. M.— Polycarp. B.M.

— Hippol3rtus. M.— Basilissa. M.

(Dec. 4.)

(Dec. 19.)

(Jan. 26.)

I. (Aug. 13.)

(Apr. 15.)

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.)Moses. Pt.

St. Alban. M. (June 22.)

— Themistocles. M. (Dec. 21.)

— Wulstan. C. (May 30.)

— Hormisdas. C. (Aug. 8.)— Aphrodisius. M. (Apr. 28.)

— Beatrix. V.M. (July 29.)— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)

Ibid.

Saints and their EmblemsCannon

at her feet ....Canoe

in his hand ....Cap

wearing clown's cap and bells .

wearing a cap and wallet, cross in handwearing yellow cap, a head in his handscap and fur-lined cloak, sword in handskull cap, holding rosary, book and staff

skull caps ....Captive

saint, converting a kingwith broken fetters kneeling before her

Captivestheir chains falling from themransoming themrelieving them of their fetters

a ft

Cardinal's Hatat feet of saint (as a hermit)on the ground near him

in his hand (as a bishop)

on his head

and mitre, before himnear himnear him (as a friar)

on his head, palm and three swords at his feet

Carmelite Habitwith pitcher ....with sword in his breast

writing at desk . . . .

Carpenter'ssquare .

and tools, at their feet

Carried by Angelsto Mt. Sinai

over the sea

Carryingfour men, on his back .

his mother carrying the saint .

the Holy Infant, on his shoulders

an Indian, on his shoulders

Maximus out of prison

Our Saviour, disguised as a leper

Our Saviour, on his shoulders .

a sick mantwo children, across a stream .

a yoxmg blind womanSt. Luke, on his shoulders

St. Matthew, on his shoulders .

Cartdriving a cart through a ford .

in his hands ....preaching from a cart .

with wood, drawing it towards monastery

Cask. {See Barrel)

Casket .....and crosier ....and crucifix, on table .

St. Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.)

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Meubred. H. (n.d.)

— Pelagius. M. (Aug. 28.)— Seiriol. C.

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep.

27.)

St. Christiana. V. (Dec. 15.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)

— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.)— Waltrudis. Abs. (Apr. 9.)— Evermodus. B.C. (n.d.)— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.)

— Peter. B.— Francis. C— Vincent. C.— Bonaventura.— Jerome. Dr.— Latinus. B.— Joseph. C.— Francis. O.S.J. '(Oct— Bonaventura. B.C.D.

(Feb. 23.)

(Oct. 10.)

(Apr. 5.)

B.C.D (July 14.)

(Sep. 30.)

(Mar. 24.)

(Aug. 27.)- - 10.)

(July 14.)— Albert. B.M. (Nov. 21.)

— Thomassus. C. (n.d.)— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.)— Carmelo. B.C. (n.d.)

— Joseph. C. (Mar. 19.)— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 21.)— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.)— Thomas. Ap. (Dec. 21.)

SS. Q. Coronati. MM. (Nov. 8.)

St. Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)

M. (Aug. 28.)

(Apr. I.)

(July 25.)

(Dec. 3.)

(Jan. 14.)

(Oct. 19.)

C. (Aug. 30.)

— Moyses. Ab.— Melito. B.M,— Christopher.— Francis. C.— Felix. P.C.— Ethbin. C.— Agilius. Ab.— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.)— Eustachius. (Sep. 30.)— Eustasius. Ab. (Mar. 29.)

Jeremias. Pt.

Isaias. Pt.

St. Lubin. B. (Mar. 14.)— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Marina. V. (June 18.)

— Irenaeus. B.M.— Opportuna. V.— Charles. Abp.

(Jtme 28.)

Abs. (Apr. 22.)

(Nov. 4.)

155

Saints and their EmblemsCaskets

in their hands .

Catnear him

Caterpillars

driven from trees

Cattletending cattle

and fountain near her, scythe in handnear him

Cauldronboiling cauldron behind himof boihng oil .

burnt in a cauldron

in a cauldron of melted lead

in a cauldron, torches applied to her

Cavein a cave

>> • •

in a cave full of moneycutting her vow on the entrance

digging a cave .

discovered by hunters in a cavefed from basket by monkin a cave, angels extinguishing flames in burning city

in a cave, basket of fruit before himin a cave, closed by cobwebin a cave, hind near her

in a cave, sajang Massin a cave with animals

in a cave, wild beasts fleeing .

in coat of mail, in cavekneeling before a cave .

kneeling before a cave at Bethlehemlions in a cave with himliving in a cave, chains near himliving in a cavepraying in a cave

)»

reading in a cavesoldiers beating him in a cave .

with cross and skull . .

Cellasleep in a cell, bear eating his food .

built by soldiers

doing penance in a cell

in a cell, wearing coat of mail .

in a cell, rosary, book and skull beside himin his cell, receiving a man . .

156

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM.(Sep. 27.)

St. Yvo. C. (May 22.)

— Hermelandi Ab. (Nov. 25.)

Armogastes. M. (Mar. 29.)

Bl. Desiderius. (n.d.)

Emidian. Ab. (n.d.)

Marcian. H.C. (Nov. 2.)

Guntilda. V. (n.d.)

Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.)

Etto. B.C. (July 10.)

Erasmus.Boniface.

Emilian.Felicitas.

Afra. M.Cecilia. V.MC3niacus. B.M

B.M. (June 2.)

M. (May 14.)

B.M. (Jan. 28.)

W.M. (July 10.)

(Aug. 5-)

(Nov. 22.)

(May 4.)

30.)Exuperantus. M. (Dec.

Felix. M. (Sep. 11.)

Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)

Modestus. M. (June 15.)

Pelagius. M. (Aug. 28.)

Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)

Regula. V.M. (Sep. 11.)

Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.)

Theodata. V.M. (Aug. 2.)

Veneranda. V.M. (Nov. 14.)

Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.)

Fausta. M. (Sep. 20.)

Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.)

Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.)

Paul. H. (Jan. 15.)- Gontran. K.C. (Mar. 28.)

Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)• Martins. Ab. (n.d.)


Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)

Caesarius. B. (Aug. 27.)Posidonius. B.C. (n.d.)

Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.)

Genevieve. Due. C. (n.d.)

Gatian. B.C. (Dec. 18.)

Calupanus. H. (Mar. 3.)

Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)

Ugolina. V. (n.d.)

Tigernach. B. (Apr. 4.)

Paula. W. (Jan. 26.)

Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.)

Leonard. C. (Nov. 6.)

Sabas. Ab. (Dec. 5.)

Arnulf. B.C. (Aug. 15.)

Barlaam. M. (Nov. 19.)

Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.)

Privatus. B.M. (Aug. 21.)

Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)

Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)

Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.)Thais. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

Henry. H. (Jan. 16.)

Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.)• Tlieodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)

Saints and their EmblemsCell

—

continuedkneeling before St. Benedict's .

in a cell nearly surrounded by the seawild beasts near his cell

a bird perched over his cell

Censerin his handand rodnear her

Chafing Dishat her side

Chainwearing a heavy chain .

with beU, in his hand .

on his wrist

Chainedin prison

a • • •

to a rackto a rockvoluntarily

Chainsand ball near himand banner in his handand crosier

and fetters

and fetters near him .

and manacles with locksangel striking them off.

at his feet

breaking prisoners' chains by aspergingbroken, in his hand

crosier and bookfalling off him

crowned

falling off prisoners

in chainsin his hand, flames behind himin chains with cross staff terminating with a crescent

in her handin his hand

loaded with chains

on their shoulders

relieving captives from chains .

round arms and waist, lion skin helmetround her, scourge in handscourge and needles . . _

throwing broken chains down precipice

wearing coat of maU, chains on his shoidders

with caltrops, in his handand sword ....

Chain Mailcoronet over hood, spear and church in his hand

Chairnailed to a chair through hands and thighs

sitting in a chair with inscribed cycles on it

Chalice. {See also Cup)and abbot's staff

and bookand book of Gospels

and crosier

and crosier brought by two angels

and paten, brought by messenger

with serpent issuing from it

157

St. Scholastica. V. Abs. (Feb. lo.)

— GudwaU. B.C. (June 6.)— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.)— Otho. H. (N.D.)

— Gerard. B.C. (Apr. 23.)

Aaron. Pt.

St. Lutgardis. V. (June 16.)

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)

— Eusebius. Ab. (Jan. 23.)— Teilo. B. (Feb. 9.)— Ninian. B. (Sep. 16.)

— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.)— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar.— Martin. H. (June 2.)— Hospicius. R. (Oct. 15.)

12.)

9-)

23-)

— Jerom. C. (July 20.)— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.)— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.)— Leonard. C. (Nov. 6.)— Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov.— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.)— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.)— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr— Euermodus. B.C. (n.d.)

— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.)— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.)— John. C. (Feb. 8.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.)— Forgel. M. (n.d.)— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.)— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.)— Epimarchus M. (Dec. 12.)— William. H. (Feb. 10.)— Balbina. V. (Mar. 31.)— Amandus. B.C. (Feb. 6.)— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)— Gregory. B.C. (Jan. 14.)— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.)— John. H. (Jan. 15.)— Romanus. H. (h.d.)

SS. Marana and Cyra. RR. (Aug.

St. Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.)— William. K. (n.d.)

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Ferreolus. P.M. (June 16.)— Adjutor. H. (Apr. 30.)— WiUiam. H. (May 28.)— Mederic. P. Ab. (Aug. 29.)— John of Janina. C. (n.d.)

— Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.)

— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)— Hippolytus. B.M. (Aug. 22.)

— Thean. Ab. (Jan. 7.)— Ewald. P.M. (Oct. 3.)— John. B.C.Dr. (Jan. 27.)— Thean. Ab. (Jan. 7.)— Ukic. B. (July 4.)— Mark. Po. C. (Oct. 7.)— John Evan. (Dec. 27.)

3.)

Saints and their EmblemsChalice

and hammer, saddle near himand Host appearing to himand Host, in his hand .

and Host in right hand, palm in left

and swordand Host, in her handhis chalice blessed from heavena diamond falling into a chalice

flagon and HostHost and orbin entrance to towerin her handin his hand

Ijdng on its side at his feet

making a chalice with hammer

silver chalice and paten brought by messengerswith Infant Christ issuing therefrom .

with Host>» • • • •

with spider in it

with spider over it .

Chamberlainsstanding between two .

Changingwater into oil ...water into winean eel into gold

Chapelringing bell of his chapel, boats round it

Chapelstwo, near him....

Charcoal Burnerreceiving mitre and crosier from St. Gregory

Chariotascending in a fiery

}y • • •

saint harnessed with horses to a chariot

in a chariot with eunuch

Chasubleand triple crownangel bringing him a chasuble .

filled with stones

held by friar near him .

receiving a chasuble from B.V.M.

Cherriesin his hand .....

Chestcontaining bags of money near himkilled before a chest of moneyopen chest before herthree children issuing from a chest

Cheststhree chests of treasure open, globe and cross on one

Childas a child, blowing bubblesas a child, carr3nng a hodas a child, crucified

as a child, giving his clothes to the pooras a child, holding sword

St. EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.)

— Paschal. C. (May 17.)— Egbert. Mk. C. (Apr. 24.)— John. C. (June 12.)

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.)

— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.)— Ewald. M. (Oct. 3.)— Clara. V. (Aug 12.)

— Jodoc. (Dec 13.)— Lupus. Abp. (Sep. i.)

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.)

Dominations.St. Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.)— Othilia. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.)— Ansbert. B.C. (Feb. 9.)— Richard. B. (Apr. 3.)— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.)— Bernward. B. (Nov. 20.)

— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.)

— Mark. Pope. C. (Oct. 7.)— Hugh. B. (Nov. 17.)— Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.)— Thomas. C.Dr. (Mar. 7.)— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.)— Conrad. B.C. (Nov. 26.)

— Flavia. V.M. (n.d.)

— Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.)— Bertulf. Ab. (Feb. 5.)— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.)

— Piammon. H. (n.d.)

— Jodoc. H. (Dec. 13.)

— Alexander. B.M. (Aug. 11.)

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

Elijah. Pt.

St. Conon. M. (May 29.)— Philip. D. (June 6.)

Dominations.St. Gallus. B.C. (July i.)— Alphege. B.M. (Ap. 19.)— Louis. B.C. (Aug. 19.)— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.)— Ildefonsus. B.M. (Jan. 23.)

— Gerard. C. (n.d.)

— Acacius. B.C. (Apr. 9.)— Rumbold. B.M. (July i.)— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)

— Gumtramnus. K.C. (Mar. 28.)

— Joseph. B.C. (July 20.)— Werner. Ch. M. (Apr. 19.)— Hugh. Ch. M. (Aug. 27.)— William. Ch.M. (Mar. 24.)— Caesarius. B. (Aug. 27.)— Spes. V.M. (n.d.)

158

Saints and their EmblemsChild—continued

as a child, with cross and nails

as a child, with cross near himas a child, with cup, serpent issuing from it

as a child, with hawk on wrist

as a child, with pahn and bodkinas a child, with staff and wallet

as a chUd, with three stones, or loaves.

as a child, with toy mill in handat his feet a chUdat his feet, carrying fire in his lap

baptising a child

baptising a child near a spring

blessing a child

extracting thorn from throat of a child

giving clothes to a crippled child

her (£ild dying in desert, angel feeding it

in cradle at his feet

in his armsin his mother's lap

Ijnng at his feet

near him

near him, floating on a sod in the waternear him, holding Imperial crownnear him, sword in handon his shoulders

Our Saviour, as a child, speaking to himpresenting basket of three apples and three roses

restoring a child to Ufe

standing for a child at the font

with the Child Christ on his shoulders

as a chUd, with palm .

with spoon, on seashore, at his feet

Childrenbehind himcarried off by wild beasts

nine, in her armsone, on her knee, another before her

pointing at him blowing bubbles

roimd himft * *

seated with her four children

seven sons, palm and bookthree children holding swords

three children in a tub at his feet

three children issuing from a chest or tub

two children and two saints with pahns

two children with swords

under her mantle

M ...with her four children

carrying two children over a stream .

Choristerholding taper by him ....

Chrismatoryin his hand . • •

dove bringing him a chrismatory

Church. (See also Model)a church in their hands

and banner .....and palm .....and sceptre .

. .: r , ' -^

and spear in his hand, coronet ever hood of cham mail

and statue of B.V.M. in her hands

and sword .....159

to her

St. WiUiam. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)— Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.)

John. Ap. (Dec. 27.)— Dentlin— Simon.— James.— Joseph— James. Ap— Maclovius.— Brice. B.— Gamelbert.— Omer. B.C.— Ouen. B.— John. Ap.— Blaise. B.M.— EUzabeth. Q

Ch. (July 14.)

Ch. M. (May 24.)

Ap. (July 25.)

B.C. (July 20.)

(May I.)

B.C. (Nov. 15.)

(Nov. 13.)

P.C. (Jan. 27.)

(Sep. 9.)

(Aug. 24.)

(Dec. 27.)

(Feb. 3.)

(Nov. 19.)— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.)— HUary. B.C. (Jan. 13.)— Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13.)— Frobert. Ab. (Dec. 31.)— Edmund. Abp. C. (Nov. 16.)

Ab. (June 21.)

B.M. (July I.)

B.C. (Nov. 15.)

B. (Oct. 31.)

7-)

— Leutfried.— Rumbold.— Maclovius.— Wolfgang.EUjah. Pt.

St. Willebrord. Abp. (Nov.— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.)— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)— Bassian. B. (Jan. 19.)— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.)

— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.)— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)— Christopher. M. (July 25.)— James. Ap. (May i.)

— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.)

— Winwaloe. Ab. C. (Mar. 3.)— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)— Nothburga. W. (n.d.)— Salome. (June 29.)— Simeon. H.C. (July i.)

— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.)— Philip. P.C. (May 26.)— Mary. (Apr. 9.)— Felicitas. W.M. (July 10.)— Faith and Companions. W.(Aug. I.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)

Ibid.

St. Susanna and Companions. MM.(May 24.)

SS. Justus and Pastor. MM. (Aug. 6.)

St. Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.)— Waltrudis. Abs. (Apr. 7.)— Mary. (Apr. 9.)— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)


MM.

— Remigius.Ibid.

Abp. (Oct. I.)

SS. Cyril and Methodius. CC. (Dec. 22.)

St. Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.)— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)— Maurontius. Ab. (May 5.)— Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.)— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.)— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)

Saints and their EmblemsChurch

—

continuedblessing a church ....blessmgfa church, in his hand .

blessing a distant churchdirecting the building of a church" Ecclesia deEstderham " in her hand, two does at feet

(Ely Cathedral) in her handin both hands, beardedin her hand and abbess' staff .

in his hand (as a Margrave)in her hand, geese fl5ang near him''

in his hand, stag near himin his hand, trampling on devil

in his hand, trampling on heretics

of Jerusalem, in her handof Lorsch, in his cloak

of Utrecht, in his hand, barrel and fountain at his feet

on book, stone cross near him .

struck by lightning, pahn in his hand .

supported by a bishop and king near himthree towered, in his handunder their feet, chalice and orbwith light over it ... .

presenting model of church to Christ .

(Whitby Abbey) in her handon his shoulder ....of Nuremburg, in his hand, pilgrims habitof Marburg, in her hand

Church Doorbehind him .....praying at church door at night

Churchesbuilding .....five churches near him....two in sight ; standing by river

Church Towerin her hand .....

Ciboriumand statue of B.V. Mary, in his handsin his hand .....Our Saviour appearing in it .

with a raven on it, a ring in its bill

Cistercian Habita nun, blind .....restoring a bhnd man....

Citadelstanding with sceptre in citadel

with sceptre and sword

Cityblessing model of a city in his handof Ascoli, in his hand ....of Bologna, in his handof Brescia, defended by himof Foligni, oflEering it to Godof Poitiers, behind her, crown at feet .

of Troyes, protecting it . . .

fortified city and bridge near himon fire, saint praying before a church .

on walls of a city, invoking Heaven against armyon walls of Naples, defeating enemy .

planting a banner on walls of a city .

holding a banner near city wall

on fire, saint pouring water from an ewer into it

Cloak. {See Mantle)

Clothinggiving clothing to monksgiving his clottiing to the poor

160

St. Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 14.)— Prosdecimus. B.V. (Nov. 7.)— Leo. Pope. (Apr. 19.)— Perpetuus. B.C. (Apr. 8.)

— Withburga. V. (Mar. 17.)— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)— Cuthman. C. (Feb. 8.)— Elfleda. V. Abs. (Feb. 8.)— Leopold. C. (Nov. 16.)— Milberga. V. Abs. (Feb. 23.)— Meinulf. Ab. C. (Oct. 5.)— Paul. Ap. M. (June 29.)— Fulgentius. B.C. (Jan. i.)

— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.)— Nazarius. M. (July 28.)— Willebrord. Abp. (N0V.I7.)— Pauhnus.— Donatus.— Gislerius.—

• Maternus.Dominations.St. Lawrence.— Eucherius.— Hilda. V.— Winwaloe.— Sebaldus.— Elizabeth.

Abp. C. (Oct.

M. (June 30.)

C. (N.D.)

B.C. (Sep. 18.)

10.)

Abp. (Nov. 14.)

B. (Dec. 8.)

Abs. (Nov. 17.)

(Mar. 3.)

H. (Aug. 19.)

Q. (Nov. 19.)

— Damasus. Pope. C. (Dec. 11.)— Casimir. Prince. (Mar. 4.)

— Magnus. B. (Nov. 5.)— Bertuin. B.C. (Nov. 11.)— Benedict. Ab. (Jan. 12.)

— Hieraetha. (July 8.)

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.)— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.)— Thomas. O.P. (n.d.)— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)

— Lutgardis. V. (June 16.)— Waltheof. Ab. C. (Aug. 3.)

Principalities.

Archangels.

St. Richard. B.C. (June 9.)— Emygdius. B.M. (Aug. 5.)— Petronius. B.C. (Oct 4.)— Faustus. M. (Sep. 8.)— FeUdan. B.M. (Sep. 17.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Lupus. B.C. (July 29.)— Dominic. H.C. (May 12.)— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.)— James. B. (July 15.)— Agnellus. Ab. (Dec. 14.)— Antoninus. Ab. C. (Feb. 14.)— Venantius. M. (May 18.)— Florian. M. (May 4.)

— John. Ab. (July 12.)— John. C. (Oct. 20.)— Ado. Ab. C. (Nov. 18.)— Ulric. B.C. (July 4.)— Caesarius. B.C. (Aug. 27.)

Saints and their EmblemsCloud

fiery cloud over his headin a cloud (surrounded by lunatics) with golden chainsquenching flaming pile, angel above herreaching his hand towards a thunder cloud

Cloudsabove himdropi)ing water near himstanding on clouds

Clown's Capand bells

Cluband stone, in his handand sword

>> • •

beaten by devil with a club

»» ••

in his hand

killed by a club

large club in his hand .

leaden club in his handclub in his hand, p3rre near himspiked club in his hand

trampling on a spiked club, book and cross in hand

Clubsbeaten with clubs

killed at altar with clubs

Coalshot coals, drawn from oven by her handsin her hands .

in his vestmentin his surplice, as acol3rte

standing on hot coals .

walking on hot coals .

i> •

Coat. (See also Clothing)dividing his coat with sword, beggar near himgiving coat to beggarwearing coat of mail

of mail, in ceUof mail only

Cobwebclosing a cave, saint within

concealed by a cobweb

Cockbeside himcrowing near himcrowing, the saint weepingnear him

perched on his hand

St. Ceslas. C.— D3miphna.— Columba.— Deodatus.

(July 30.)

V.M. (May 15.)

V.M. (Sep. 17.)

B.C. (June 19.)

— Secundus. H. (Mar. 30.)— Swithin. B. (July 15.)— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.)

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.)

— Timothy. B.M. (Jan 34.)

;

— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.)— Magnus. B M. (Jan. i.)— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.)— Christopher. M. (July 25.)— Simon. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— James. Ap. (May i.)— Eugenius. M. (Mar. 4.)— Andeolus, M. (May i).— Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.)— Boniface. B.M. (June 5.)— Constantine. M. (n.d.)— Eugenius. B.M. (Mar. 4.)— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.)— John. M. (July 27.)— Maximian. M. (July 27.)— Telephorus. Pope. M. (Jan. 5.)— Bomface. B.M. (June 5.)— Magnus. M.— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)— Ewald. P.M. (Oct. 3.)— Eusebius. M. (Aug. 14.)— Papylus. Dn. M. (Apr. 13.)— Fidelis. M. (Apr. 24.)— Nicomede. P.M. (Sep. 15.)— Vitalis. M. (Nov. 4.)— Lebuinus. P.C. (Nov. 12.)

— Dorotheus. B.M. (June 5.)— Ewald. P.M. (Oct. 3.)— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.)— Autonomus. B.M. (Sep. 12.)

— Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.)— Cyrilla. V.M. (Oct. 28.)— Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13.)— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.)— ApoUinaris. B.M.' (July 23.)— Salvator. C. (n.d.)

— Tiburtius. M. (Aug. 11.)

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.)

— Ulric. B.C. (July 4.)— Dominic. C. (Oct. 14.)— William. H. (May 28.)— Henry. H. (Jan. 16.)

— Robert. Fdr. (Feb. 24.)

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.)— Camion. B.C. (n.d.)

— Teuteria. V. (n.d.)

— Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.)— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)^— Paul. Ap. M. (June 29.)— Landric. B.C. (June 10.)— Maris. H. (June 19.)— Dominic. H.C. (May 12.)

161

Saints and their EmblemsCockatrice

on book in his hand . . . . .

Coffinbefore him ......his coffin borne by two angels in the air

corpse in a coffin before him . . . .

his coffin in a boat . . . . .

in his right hand . . . . .

in a ship, in his hand . . . . .

of stone, near him . . . . •

Coltnear him ......

Combcurry-comb, in his hand . .

large double-toothed comb and flagon .

wool-comb, in his hand . . . •

Combstorn with iron combs . . . . .

Communion, The Holy (see also The BlessedSacrament)

administered to him by an angel

administered to him by a bishop on his deathbedadministered to him by two angels

administered to her by St. Zozimusadministering the Holy Communionadministering, B.V. Mary appearing to himadministering to plague patients

administering to St. Mary of Egyptreceiving it at her deathbed

Convertsnear himBulgarian converts near him .

Indian, or Japanese, converts near himSouth American converts near himPagan converts near himDanish converts near him

Cookwearing apron .

Copebrought by B.V.M.mitre, scourge and cross

Cordand arrowsgiving a cord to kneeling manknotted cord and lily, coronet at his feet

Cordsin left hand, candle in right

Cornbunch of com in her handears of corn in her handreaping corn .

three, or five, ears of comstanding in a field of ripe corn

Cornucopiaand three nails in her hand

Coronetat his feet, lily and knotted cordnun with ducal coronet and crucifix

over hood of chain mail, spear and church in his handCorporal

linen for a corporal brought him from heaven .

Corpsem a coffin before him . . . , ,

summoning a corpse to appear before himdiscovering the corpses of her two brothers

162

St. Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.)

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)— Sylvester. Ab. (Nov. z6.)

— Ouen. B. (Aug. 24.)— Lazarus. B.M. (Dec. 17.)— Werenfrid. P.C. (Nov. 7.)— Gualfard. H. (Apr. 30.)

— Medard. B.C. (June 8.)

— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.)— Verena. V. (Sep. i.)— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)


— Bonaventura. B.C.Dr. (July 14.)— Maglorius. B.C. (Oct. 24.)— Gunther. H. (n.d.)

— Stanislaus. C. (Nov. 13.)— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.)— Gaudentius. B.M. (Oct. 14.)— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.)— Charles. Abp. (Nov. 4.)— Zosimus. Ab. (Apr. 2.)— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.)

— Romulus. M. (July 6.)— Cjrril. C. (Dec. 22.)— Francis. O.S.J. (Oct. 10.)— Louis. C. (Oct 9.)— Wilfrid. B.C. (Oct. 12.)— Ancharius. B. (Feb. 3.)

— Evortius. B. (Sep. 7.)

— Ildefonsus. B.C. (Jan. 23.)— Ambrose. Dr. (Apr. 4.)

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)— Elzear. C. (Sep. 27.)

— Beatrix. M. (July 29.)

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)— Fara. V. Abs. (Dec. 7.)— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.)— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)— Walburge. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)

Sibylla Cimmeria.

St. Elzear. Ct. C. (Sep. 27.)— Francisca. V. (n.d.)— Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.)

— Apollomus. M. (July 7.)

— Sylvester. Ab. C. (Nov. 26.)— Stanislaus. B.M. (May 7.)— Beatrix. M. (July 29.)

Saints and their EmblemsCow. {See also Cattle)

at her side

at her side ; pan in hand, kneelingleading a cow .

near herred cow at her side

Cowlwhite, given him by B.V. Mary

Cradlechild in cradle, saint dressed as a monkin her hand ....

Crawlingon hands and feet

Crescenton his breast ....on his turban ....

Cripplegiving alms to a cripple

giving clothes to a cripple

heahng a cripple

Cripplesat his tomb with crutches

round him ....*) • • • .

Crocodileat his horse's feet

riding a crocodile

Crossabbot, holding short cross

a hand offering him a cross

and battle-axe .

and bookand book, trampling on spiked club

and flowers in right hand, heart withand money, in his handand sceptre

appearing at her deathbedappearing to herappearing to him

at wayside cross, praying

banner and palmbanner and swordbearing a cross on his shoulder

bearing a cross on his shoulders, timic

bearing the cross, crowned with thorns

between horns of stag .

,, >} •

between horns of white stag

black cross in her handbrought by angel

bound to a T cross

Calvary cross and swordcap and wallet

carried by friar

discovered in cell

double cross

double cross and spear

double barred cross and key .

double Greek cross (Basihan nun)

dragon killed with cross

driving away devils with cross

embracing large cross .

cross-handled staff and rosary .

hanging his armour on a cross

holding a cross, casting out a devil

in her hand

cross m

full of roses

left

St.Perpetua. M. (Mar. 7.)— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)— Robert. H. (Sep. 24.)]— Berlinda. V. (Feb. 3.)— Modwenna. V. Abs. (July 6.)

— Alberic. Ab. C. (Jan. 26.)

— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.)

Sibylla Samia.

St. Onuphrius. H. (Jime 12.)

— Willebrord. Abp. (Nov. 7.)— Placidus. M. (Oct. 5.)

— John. Patr. (Jan. 23.)— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.)

— Bardo. Abp. (June 10.)— Salvator. C. (n.d.)— Erhard. B.M. (Jan. 8.)

Theodore.Helenus.

B.C.B.C.

(Sep.

(N.D.)

19.)

- Ado. Ab. C. (Nov. 18.)- Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)- Olaf. K.M. (July 29.)- Margaret. V.M. (JiUy 20.)- Lebuinus. P.C. (Nov. 12.)- Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)- PhiUp. Ap. M. (May i.)

- Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)- Hildegardis. V. Abs. (Sep. 17.)- Landrada. V. Abs. (July 8.)- Ephysius. M. (Jan. 15.)- Procopius. Le. M. (July 8.)- Richard. K.C. (Feb. 7.)- Pancras. M. (May 12.)- Proculus. M. (n.d.)

- Davinus. C. (June 3.)- Nemesion. M. (Dec. 19.)- Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.)- Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)- Hubert. B. (Nov. 3.)- Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)- Felix. C. (Nov. 20.)- Margaret. Q. (June 10.)

- Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.)- Philip. Ap. M. (May i.)

- Alban. M. (June 22.)- Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)

- Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)- Patroclus. M. (Jan. 21.)

- Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)- Phihp. Ap. M. (May i.)

- Paul. Ap. M. (Jime 29.)- Rosaha. V. (Sep. 4.)- Florentinus. B.C. (n.d.)

- Macarius. (Jan. 2.)

Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.)

Neot. C. (July 31.)- Gallicanus. M. (June 25.)• Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)

Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.)

163

Saints and their EmblemsCross

—

continuedin his handin his hand, raven at feet

in his right hand, veil in left .

large crowned cross on his breast

legate's cross, in his handlily and book, crown at her feet

lily and rosary

luminous cross over his body .

luminous cross with dove appearing to her

making a jewelled cross, angel helping himof boughsof stars, over her body,of the Passion

patriarchal

prajdng before a cross, crown on the groundred and blue cross, on scapular

saltire, and booksaltire, at his back, two fish in his handsaltire, behind himsawn on a cross

short double-barred cross in joined handsshort cross in his handsmall cross in hand

small cross with " Hodie," and palm •

standing on a cross, on water .

stone cross near him .

surmounting a crosier, two olive branches arising outof three mounds

tall cross and booktall cross and flaming heart

tall cross and horn of unctiontall cross at his side

tall cross, in turban on ground, scimitar underfoottall wooden cross

tall cross on his cloak, pig at side

triple cross and mitre, anchor in his handwith birds on it

with crosslets like asperges

with I.N.R.I. at top, and bookwith large cross as warrior

cross of asperges

Crossletdouble barred, and book

Crowbarsin his hand ....

,, ....Crown

and arms, near himand censer ....and sceptre at feet, cross of asperges .

and sceptre, money at feet

and sceptres, near herand scourge

and sword

at his feet

St.Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.)— Benedict. Ab, (Mar. 13.)

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)— Enrichus.— Stephen.— Margaret.— Dominic.— Lambert.— Regina

C. (Sep. 5.)

K.C. (Sep. 2.)

V. (Jan. 28.)

C. (Aug. 4.)

B.M. (Sep. 17.)

V.M. (Sep. 7.)

Bernward. B. (Nov. 20.)

— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.)— Xena. Abs. (Jan. 24.)

Sibylla Cimmeria.Sibylla Hellespontina,

St. Gregory,— Elesban.— Felix. C.— Andrew.Ibid.

St. Benignus.— Thutael.— Bona. V.— Bernward.— Marcellina.— Elzear. Ct— Expeditus.— Forannan.

Pope. D. (Mar. 12.)

K.C. (Oct. 27.)

(Nov. 20.)

Ap. M. (Nov. 30.)

M. !•)(Nov.

M. (n.d.)

(May 29.)

B. (Nov. 20.)

V. (July 17.)

(Sep. 27.)

(Apr. 19.)

(Apr. 30.)

C. (Oct. 10.)

C.

M.Ab.— Paulinus. Abp.

— Bernard. C. (Aug. 21.)— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.)— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.)— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.)— Dismas. (Mar. 25.)— Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. 12.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.)— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— Conrad. C. (Feb. 19.)— Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. 12.)— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.)— Procopius. Ab. (July 4.)

— Alban. (June 22.)

— Maximus. M. (Apr. 15.)— Olympias. M. (Apr. 15.)

at her feet, city of Poitiers behind herat her feet, cross, lily and bookat her feet, staff and bookat his feet, as a hermitat his feet, as a pilgrim

book and banner with red cross

brought by angel

brought by angel, saint lying on sea shells

brought by bird, in prison

— Solomon.Virtues.

St. Procopius.— Onuphrius.— Susanna.— Jehudiel.— Alkmund.— Catherine.— Febronia.— Elesbaan.— Ivan. H.— Radegund.— Margaret.— Ermenilda.— Jodoc. H— Richard.— Reparata.— ApoUinaris— Columba.— Gertrude.— Felix. M.— Erasmus.

K.C. (N.D.)

Ab. (July 4.)

H. (Jime 12.)

V.M. (Aug. II.)

ArchangelM. (Mar. 19.)

V.M.V.M. (June 25.)

K.C. (Oct. 27.)

(June 24.)

Q. (Aug. 13.)

V. (Jan. 28.)

Q. Abs. (Feb. 13.)

(Dec. 13.)

K.C. (Feb. 7.)

V.M. (Oct. 8.)

B.M. (July 23.)V.M. (Sep. 17.)

V. Abs. (Mar. 17.)

(Jan. 14.)

B.M. (June 2.)

164

Saints and their EmblemsCrown

—

continuedcrosier and book, fish on either sidedouble crown in her handdouble crown on book .

golden crown in his handheld between them, each with a swordImperial crown held by child .

in habit, crown and mantle near herin her handin his handin left handnear a girl, freed from devil

of seven or twelve stars

on anvil, and hammer .

on groimd, king kneeling to himon table before hertriple crown and chasubletriple crown in hand, and bookwreath of flowers and palmencircling left wrist, Hly in handlaying down crown and sceptre

Crown of Thornsand cross, in his hand .

and flaming heart, in her handand emblems of the Passionand reed sceptre

and spear in her hand .

in a veil, in her hand .

receiving a crown of thorns and roses from the HolyInfant

Crownedand nailed to a cross

canying two crowns

holding book .

holding book and pahn»> It

holding a churchholding crosier

,, . . .

holding crosier and book

,, j> ^•

holding crosier, book and chain

holding a lily

holding a monastery .

holding palm and bookholding palm and wheelholding pahns and vials

holding a rose

kneeUng on wheelwith a Hon at her side, her hand in its mouthwith triple tower

Crowned byan angel (the saint dead)

Our Saviour ....two bishops, St. John's Gospel in his hand

Crowned with Thorns

St. Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.)— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)

lUd.St. Jehudiel. Archangel.

SS. Amicus and Amelius. MM. (n.d.)

St. Wolfgang. B. (Oct. 31.)— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.)— Potamiana. V.M. (Jime 28.)— Nicephorus. M. (Feb. 9.)— Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.)— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.)

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.)

St. Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.)— Ninian. B. (Sep. 16.)— Osyth. Q.M. (Oct. 7.)

DominationsSt. Anne. Matr. (July 26.)— Ceciha. V.M. (Nov. 22.'

Bl. Isabel. V. (Aug. 31.)

St. Henry. Emp. (July 15.)

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)— Mary. V. (May 25.)— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)— Haniel. Angel.

Sibylla Delphica.

Ihid.

St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)

— Mary. B.V. (Mar. 25.)— WUgefortis. V.M. (July 30.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.)— Gerold. H. (Apr. 19.)— Lupo. M. (Sep. 4.)— Blida. (n.d.)— Mabena. V. (n.d.)

— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov.— Etheldreda. Q. Abs— WulveUa. (n.d.)— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct— Withburga. V. (Mar. 17.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Casimir. Prince. (Mar. 4.)— Beggha. Abs. (Dec. 17.)— Mabena. V. Abs. (n.d.)

19.)

(Oct. 17.)

I7-)

— Catherine.

PrindpaUties.St. Rose. V.— Catherine.— Euphemia.— Barbara.

V.M. (Nov. 25.)

(Aug. 30.)

V.M. (Nov. 25.)

V.M. (Sep. 16.)

V.M. (Dec. 4.)

and bearing the sacred stigmat

by Our Saviour

embracing the cross

a heart on her handholding a heart and book

nosegay in her hand, the Holy Infant therein

165

— Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.)— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.)

— John. C. (Mar. 8.)— Rajraaond. Card. (Aug. 31.)— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.)— Verena. V. (Sep. i.)— WilUam. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Mary. V. (May 25.)

lUi.St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)

Ihid.

St. Rose of lima. V. (Aug. 30.)

Saints and their EmblemsCrowning

two kings

Crownsand sceptres, before hercarrpng two crowns

carrying three crowns in her handcarr57ing triple crown .

two, brought by angel, another at foot

three, encircling book and palmthree at his feet

three in her handthree, held overhead by two angels

three, on palmthree of four, near himthree, over his head

Crosierand book, wearing a crown

and book, ox near her .

and budding staff

and casket

and church, in right handand church, three geese at his feet

and hammerand inkhornand palUumand pilgrim's stafi

and reptiles at his feet

and taper

brought him by an angelshort crosier in his handcrown, and book, fish on each side

crowned, holding book and chain

devil caught by leg with crosier

drawing gold coins from water with his crosier

fish at end of crosier

in armour, with a well near himnear waterone devil pierced by crosier, another standing by himstar in curve of crosier .

with battle-axe head .

with crook turned hke an abbot's

and sword

Crosierstwo, in left hand. Archbishop's cross in right

Crucified

and disembowelleda child, crucified

his flesh torn .

head downward

man cutting his breast

over fire

stoned, and pierced with arrowstwo mallets at his feet

with many nails

with ropes

St. Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)

Susanna. V.M. (Aug. 11.)

Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)

• Elizabeth. Q- (Nov. 19.)

Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.)


Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)

Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)

• Angelus. P.M. (May 5.)

Louis. B. (Aug. 19.)

Elizabeth of Hungary (Nov. 19.)

Philip. C. (Aug. 23.)

Veneranda. V.M. (Nov. 14.)

Raymond. Card. (Aug. 31.)

Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.)

Etheldreda.

Withburga.Frideswide.

Etheldreda.Opportuna.Petrock. Ab.Martin. PopeEligius. B.C.

Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)

V. (Mar. 17.)

V. (Oct. 19.)

Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)

V. Abs. (Apr. 22.)

(June 4.)

M. (Nov. 12.)

(Dec. I.)

Bede. C. (May 27.)

Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)

Maternus. B.C. (Sep. 18.)

Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.)


Abercius. B.C. (Oct. 22.)

Barloke. Ab. (n.d.)

Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.)


- Ronan. B.H. (June i.)

Radingus. Ab. (Sep. 17.)

Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.)

Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.)• Mauros. Ab. (Jan. 15.)

Ab. (Mar. 21.)

B.C. (Mar. i.)

Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)

B.C.

Benedict.

Sinibert.

Thomas.Gracian. B.C. (n.d.)

Cyprian. B.M. (Sep. 16.)

Engelbert. Abp. M. (Nov,

Januarius. B. (Sep. 19.)

7-)

166

— Dubricius. Abp. C. (Nov. 14.)

— Alexander of Lyons. M. (Apr. 22.)— Apollonius. M. (Apr. 5.)— Julian. M. (Aug. 28.)— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.)— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.)— Serapion. M. (Jan. 31.)— WilMam of Norwidi. Ch. M. (Mar.24.)— Didymus. M. (n.d.)— Calhopus. M. (Apr. 7.)— Gemellus. M. (Dec. 10.)— Peter. Ap. M. (June 29.)— Philip. Ap. M. (May i.)— Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.)— EulaUa. V.M. (Dec. 10.)

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM.St. Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)— Vitalis. M. (Nov. 4.)— JuHa. V.M. (May 23.)— Nestor. B.M. (Feb. 27.)— Wilgefortis. V.M. (July 30.)

Saints and their EmblemsCrucifix

and casket, on table .

and ducal coronetand enflamed heart appearing to herand open book in his handand pahnarms of crucifix extended to herbending towards him .

blessing herblessing himcontemplating a crucifix

embracing her .

embracing him with one arm .

ending in leaves and flowers

in her hand, dove overheadin right hand, book with Holy Infant standing on it in

his left ....kneeling before crucifix, devil fljring off

kneeUng before a radiant crucifix

kneeling, offering a crucifix to her husbandHly, and discipline

lily and palm, and open book in right handpointing to it .

and book ....in her arms, kissing it

prostrate before crucifix, angel at her side

recovering his sight at foot of crucifix .

red crucifix, in handspeaking to him

II ...stabbed before crucifix, distaff near herstaff, and rosary

standing before herterminating in lilies in his handthe feet withdrawn from his kiss

upon a heart in her handwith diamonds on the sacred wounds .

with lily entwined, in his handand rosary, in her lap (in a cave)

before him, lion at his side

kneeling over crucifix, rosary in hand .

in her lap, saint wearing pilgrim's hat . _

winged crucifix appearing to him, saint receiving

stigmata ......Cruets

three, on a book .....two, in his right hand.....

Crutchcrutch-shaped stick, piercing a dragon with it .

crutches brought to his tomb by cripples

Cuirassred hot, placed on him. . . . .

Cupand dagger in his handand palmand serpent

serpent issuing, and crucifix

and staff .

a poison cup in his handblind, receiving a cup from K. Totila

breaking, Uquid spilt .

broken, serpent issuing therefrom

covered cup . •

dragon issuing from it .

in his handII

. . . •

in one hand, bloody sponge in the other

jewelled cup in his handnail in hand over a cup, hammer below

167

St. Charles. Abp.— Francisca. V.— Erentrude. V.— Vincent Ferrer.

— Lawrence. D.— Lutgardis. V.— John Gualberto.— Hedwig. W,— Nilus. Ab.

(Nov. 4.)

(N.D.)

Abs. (June 30.)

C. (Apr. 5.)

(Aug. 10.)

(June 16.)

Ab. (July 12.)

(Oct. 17.)

(Sep. 26.)

Andrew. C. (Nov. 10.)

Catherine. V. (Feb. 13.)

Camillus. C. (July 14.)

Pellegrino. C. (Aug. i.)

Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)

Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.)

Scholastica. V. Abs. (Feb. 10.)

Antony. C. (June 13.)


BonaVentura. B.C.Dr. (July 14.)

Waltrudis. (Apr. 9.)

Aloysius Gonzaga. C. (June 21.)

Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)

John Capistran. C. (Oct. 23.)

Colette. V. (Mar. 6.)

• Etheldritha. V. (Aug. 7.)

Mary. R. (June 28.)

Albert. C. (Aug. 7.)


Dimstan. Abp. (May 19.)

Thomas Aquinas. (Mar. 7.)

• Solangia. V.M. (May 10.)

- Francis. C. (Apr. 2.)

Maura. V.M. (Nov. 30.)- Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.)

- Pius V. Pope. C. (May 5.)

- Catherine. V. ' (Apr. 30.)• Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)- Nicholas of Tolentino. C. (Sep. 10.)

- Eustochium. V. (Sep. 28.)

- Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.)

- Martian. H. (Feb. 13.)- Maxentia. V. (Nov. 20.)

- Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

— Heydrop.Ibid.

B.C. (N.D.)

St. Liefard. Ab. (June 3.)— Bardo. Abp. (June 10.)

— Erasmus. B.M. (Jime 2.)

— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)— Chamael. Angel.— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Sabinus. B. (Feb. 9.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Portianus. Ab. C. (Nov.— Mary Magdalen. (July 22.)— John Evan. (Dec. 27.)— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)— Joseph Barsabas. B.C.— Pudentia. V.M. (May 19.)— PoUio. Le. (Apr. 28.)— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.)

24.)

Saints and their Emblems

his hands manacled

Cup

—

continuedof wine in her handon bookrefusing 'a cuplat table

serpent drinkirig at cup ;

serpent issuing from it

serpent near it

winged serpent issuing from it

with diamond in it

with serpent above it .

broken, on a bookwooden cup, in his handjewelled cup, in his hand

Cupshanging from his neck .

two, in his handsjewelled cups, presenting them to the Holy Infant

Cutlass, or Fish Knifein her hand .....

Cycles(Greek) inscribed on his chair .

Daggerand cup in his handand falcon

and palmit

and sceptre

and swordin her handin his handin hand, wound in neckin left hand, head cloven

lance and arrowstabbed with .

,, ...Dalmatic

angel in dalmatic at her side .

in dalmatic, with book and palm

>> >>

Dart. {See Lance)

Dartsand vases, in their hands

Deaconas a deacon

in mitre and cope, broken arrow in his breast

with stones in napkin .

Dead. {See also Corpse)his body beaten by the devil .

his body guarded by a bird

his body guarded by a wolf

his body guarded by wolveshis body in a ship, sailing against the streamhis body washed up by the sea .

her body with one hand cut off

a flight of doves following her bodylying in an open tomb, sick pra3ring around herhis body borne by angels in the air

his body in a coffin, in a boat .

DeathbedB. Sacrament brought to her at her deathbedB.V. Mary appearing to her

B.V. Mary appearing to himOur Saviour appearing to him

St. Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)

— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.)— Chariton. H. (Sep. 38.)

— John a Facundo. C. (June 12.)

— James of Marchia. C. (Nov. 28.)

— John. Evan. (Dec. 27.)— Lupus. Abp. (Sep. i.)

— Licinus. B.C. (Feb. 13.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)

— Meinrad. H.M. (Jan. 21.)

— Pollio. Le. M. (Apr. I28.)

— John of God. C. (Mar. 8.)— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.)

The Magi.

St. Sura. V.M. (June 8.)

— Hippolytus. B.M. (Aug. 22.)

K.M. (Mar. 18.)

(Jan. 21.)

(Dec. 2.)

(Mar. 18.)

(July 8.)

(Sep. 19.)

(July 29.)

— Edward.lUd.St. Agnes. V.M.— Bibiana. V.M.— Edward. K.M,— Kilian. B.M.— Lucy. V.— Olaf. K.M— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.)— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.)— Irene. V.M. (Oct. 20.)— Solangia. V.M. (May 10.)

— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.)— Gervasius. M. (June 19.)— Protasius. M. (Jime 19.)

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep. 27.)

St. Faustinus. M. (Feb. 15.)— Stephen. M. (Dec. 26.)— Blaise. B. (Feb. 3.)— Vincent. M. (Jan. 22.)— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)— Romulus. Sdn. (Mar. 24.)— Stephen. M. (Dec. 26.)

Alphege. B.M. (Apr. 19.)

Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)

Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)

Carpophorus. M. (Aug. 27.)

Melanus. B. (Jan. 6.)

Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)Attala. V. Abs. (Dec. 3.)

• Georgia. V. (Feb. 15.)

Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.)

Wencfeslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)

Ouen. B. (Aug. 24.)

Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.)

Opportuna. V. (Apr. 22.)

Verena. V. (Sep. i.)

Radbod. B.C. (Nov. 29.)Canaillus. C. (July 14.)

168

Saints and their EmblemsDeed

devil giving up deed to himgiving a charter to a kneeling cleric

(papal bull) in his handreceiving deed from St, Wulstan(with seal) in his hand

Defending a Citythe city of Bresciathe city of Troyesthe walls of Naples

Deliveringa child from an oven .

a city from plague, by prayera man from a dragon .

St. Bernard, from a castle

a princess from a dragon

Deviland world, trampled by him .

as a goat near himas raven, stealing his breadas scorpion, appearing in prisonas young woman, tempting himat his feet

beating him with a clubhis bell broken by devil

blowing out her candle, angel lighting

casting out a devil

it

carr3ring away his former companioncast out, near himcast out of a boycast out of a man by cross

cast out of a woman .

cast out of a woman, led by ropecaught by leg with his crosier

chained, at his feet

chained, led by herchained, in his handcrosier end piercing headdepressing scale, pierced with angel's staff

driving away the devil

driven away by cross

>i It

driven away with wanddriving devil off large stone

flying away with him .

freeing a girl from devil, crown near

giving up a deed to himheld down by his staff

holding a chained devU

holding her handsholding him in fire, angel protecting himin one scale, a soul in the other

issuing from a child's mouthissuing from a man at massmocking hernear himon chain

»>

on chain, white dog at his feet

on his shoulder

pierced by her swordscourging a chained devil

seized with his pincers

tau cross piercing foot of devil

tempting her at prayers

tempting him .

threatening it with an aspergill

St.Theophilus. Pen. (Feb. 4.)— Edward the Confessor. K.— Ansehn. Abp. (Apr. 21.)— Aldhehn. B. (May 25.)— Ives. C. (n.d.)

— James. B. (July 15.)— Faustus. M. (Sep. 8.)— Lupus. B.C. (July 29.)— Agnellus. Ab. (Dec. 14.)

Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.)

Gallus. B.C. (July i.)

Anatolia. M. (July 9.)

Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)

George. M. (Apr. 23.)

• John. C. (June 12.)

• Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.)

Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.)

Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.)- Albert. C. (Aug. 7.)

Michael. Archangel.Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.)

- Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)- Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)- Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)

Melanius. B.C. (Jan. 6.)

• Silvin. B.C. (Feb. 17.)

Ursmar. B.C. (Apr. 19.)

Landelin. Ab. (June 15.)

Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.)Hildulphus. B.C. (July 11.)

• Linus. Po. M. (Sep. 23.)

Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.)

Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.)

Ronan. B.H. (June i.)

Norbert. Abp. (June 6.)

Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.)

C3n:iacus. B.M. (May 4.)

Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)• Michael. Archangel.Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.)

Justina. V.M. (Sep. 26.)

Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.)

John. Ab. (n.d.)

Oswald. Abp. (Feb. 29.)Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.)

Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.)

Theophilus. Pen. (Feb. 4.)

John. Ab. (July 12.)

Angela. V. (Jan. 4.)

Severus. P.C. (Aug. 8.)

Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.)

Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.)

Michael. Archangel.Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.)

Gaudentius. B.M.Gertrude. Abs. (Mar. 17.)

Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.)

Armagil. Mk. (Aug. 16.)

Ronan. B.C. (June i.)

• Bernard. Ab. Dr. (Aug. 20.)

Goar. P.C. (July 6.)

• Djnnphna. V.M. (May 15.)• Juliana. V. (Feb. 16.)

Dunstan. B.C. (May 19.)


Madelberta. V. Abs. (Sep. 7.)• Nathaniel. H. (n.d.)

Robert. H. (Sep. 14.)

169

Saints and their EmblemsDevil

—

continuedthrowing her into a well

throwing stones on himtrampling on a devil .

trampling on a devil, flaying knife in handtrampling on a devil, holding spear and shield

with bell, at his feet

with bellows, on her shoulder .

with candle, saint writing

with hook, tomb with crosier in it near

Devilsappearing, saint preachingbeating dead monkcasting out devils

ti •

cast out by his cross .

i) •

disturbing his prayers .

driven from pagan templeflying from himputting devils to flight

scourging chained devils

tormenting him

Diamondfalling in his chalice

in his chalice .

Diggingin a garden

his cloak hanging from a tree

Disciplinein hand

with lily and crucifix .

Discoveredin cave by huntersin solitude by shepherd

Dishcollecting money in it

her eyes in it .

in his hand

partridge in it

silver dish (broken) in his handwith cowled head on it

Distaffand spindle, sheep near herembracing a distaff

mice on it .

spinning with it

Doefollowing him .

near him

rescued from hunter

Doestwo does at her feet, church in her hand

Dogat his feet

at his side

dead, near himgreyhound, at his side

in leash

Irish wolfhound, at his feet

170

St. Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.)— Romanus. H. (n d.)

— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.)— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.)— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.)— Theodulus. M. (Jan. 14.)— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.)

— Stephen. B.C.— Alphege. B.M.— Conrad. B.C.— Zenobius. B.C.— Macarius. H.

(Sep. 7.)

(Apr. 19.)

(Nov. 26.)

(May 25.)

(Jan. 2.)— Philip. Ap. (May i.)

Cuthbert. 'B.C.— Gregory. B.C.— Columba. Ab.Ibid.

St. GuthlacChoir of PowersSt. Wolfgang. B.C.

(Mar. 20.)

(Nov. 17.)

(June 9.)

H. (Apr. II.)

(Oct. 31.)

— Lupus.Ibid.

Abp. (Sep. I.)

St. Fiacre. C. (Aug. 30.)— Salvator. C. (n.d.)

— Calais. (July i.)

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Ansbert. B.C. (Feb. 9.)— Dominic. C. (Oct. 14.)— Aloysius. C. (June 21.)

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)— Avitus. Ab. (Jime 17.)

- Csndacus. B.M. (May 4.)- Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)- Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)- Odulph. C. (July 18.)- Peter. Abp. (Dec. 4.)Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.)

- Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)- Anastasius. M. (Jan. 22.)

Germaine. V. (June 15.)Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.)Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)

Fructuosus. Abp. C. (Apr.Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.)Maximus. B. (June 25.)Neot. C. (July 31.)

— Withburga. V. (Mar. 17.)

16.)

Wendelin. H.Benignus. M.Godfrey. B.C.Ferdinand. K.Vitus. Ch. M.Donatus. B.C.

(Oct. 21.)

(Nov. I.)

(Nov. 8.)

(May 30.)

(June 15.)

(Oct. 22.)

Saints and their EmblemsDog—continued

licking his woundsmad dog, killed by sign of cross

mad dog, near himsmall dog at her feet (Franciscan nun)white dog at his feet .

with loaf in its mouth near himwith torch, firing a globe

Dogsnear her . . . .

his tongue thrown to dogs

Dolphinbringing his body to shore

brought to land by a dolphin . .

leaning on sword, dolphin at his feet .

near him . . . .

Dolphinsbringing his body to landbrought to land by dolphins .

supported by dolphins in the sea

Dominicana boy before him, Our Saviour appearing to himdove breathing flames in his right ear .

cup with serpent issuing, and crucifix .

with dove on bookwith flames in left handfriar, wearing pallium .

crowned with thorns .

with I H S on his lips

.

with large gold cross, crowned, on his breast .

with nail and book in his handnun, lily in hand ....restoring a drowned youthwith roses on her headwith three flowers in right hand, golden crucifix in left

wearing a cardinal's hatwith blue candle in his hand .

with mitre and open bookwith two-handed saw in his handwith golden rays issuing from his left hand

Dovea dove near himnear him, saint wearing tiara .

at her ear, saint wearing biretta

at his ear

it

at his ear near altar

at his side

breathing flames in his right ear

bringing the Blessed Sacrament to himbringing her a crown .

bringing her a ring

bringing him a gold boxdescenmng to her

fiery dove over his headgiving her a nun's veil .

guiding a vessel

hovering near himissuing from her mouth

issuing from his mouth

lily, and booknear hernear him

St. Roch. C.— Parthenius.— Uhic. B.— Margaret.— Bernard.— Roch. C,— Dominic.

(Aug. i6.)

C. (Feb. 7.)

(July 4-)

Pen. (Feb. 22.)

Ab. D. (Aug. 20.)

(Aug. 16.)

C. (Aug. 4-)

— Sira. V.M. (June 8.)— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.)

— Lucian. B.M. (Jan. 7.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)— Lucian. B.M. (Jan. 7.)— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.)

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Basil. H. (Mar. 26.)— Callistratus. M. (Sep. 26.)

— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.)— Ambrose. (Mar. 20.)— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)-— Aerichus. C. (May 18.)— Vincent. C. (n.d.)— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.)— Catherine. V. (Feb. 13.)— Peter. C. (Aug. 2.)— Enrichus. C. (Sep. 5.)— Umbert. C. (n.d.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Ceslas. C. (July 20.)— Rose. V. (Aug. 30.)— Marulius. C. (n.d.)— Latinus. B. (Mar. 24.)— Peter. C. (Apr. 15.)— Albert. C. (Nov. 15.)— Boninsegnis. C. (n.d.)

Bl. John. C. (n.d.)

St. John. C. (July 31.)— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.)— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)— Celestine I. Pope. (Apr. 6.)— Cimibert. Abp. (Nov. 12.)

Pope. D. (Mar. 12.)

(Oct. 19.)

(Mar. 7.)

(May 19.)

M. (Jan. 20.)

(Mar. 20.)

— Gregory.— Peter. C.— Thomas. Dr.C— Dunstan. Abp.— Fabian. Pope.— Ambrose. O.P.— Albert of Ogra. (n.d.)

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.)— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)— Remigius. B.C. (Oct. i,

— Marina. V. (June 18.)— Lo. B. (Sep. 21.)

)

Aldegund. V.

Devota— Dunstan.— Devota.— EulaUa.— Reparata— Agapius.— Agilulf

V.MAbp.V.M.V.M.

. V.MM.

B.M.C.— Spes. Ab.— Columba. V.

— EulaHa. V.M

Abs. (Jan. 30.)

(Jan. 27.)

(May 19.)

(Jan. 27.)

(Feb. 12.)

(Oct. 8.)

(Nov. 20.)

(July 9)(Mar. 28.)

(May 20.)

(Dec. 10.)— Ambrose. C.Dr. (Apr. 4.)

171

Saints and their EmblemsDove

—

continuedon bookon cross appearing to her, a prisoner near

on globe

on her headon his arm, a hand giving him a penon his head

on his shoulder

on his staff

over her head\

over his head

over his head, and a column of fire

over two priests, near herpreaching on hill, dove on his shoulderflying round him

Dovesflight of doves accompan3ring her corpse

three doves in a basketthree doves over him .

Draggedat the tail of wild horses

by a horse

by her feet and stonedby horses

by the neckby a wild bull .

up temple steps by a man with sword

Dragonat her feet

at his feet

at his side

at his side, key in his handbehind, aspergill and basin in her handbehind, lamb before herbound with her girdle .

chained

chained at his side, two men holding chainchained, near himdestroyed by prayer

dragged into a fire

driven away by himdriving a dragon into the sea .

driving a dragon awayguarding a ladderholding a chained dragonholding a dragon, stole round its neck

holding lower end of his crosier

issuing from a dragon .

killed with his cross

as a king, trampling a dragon .

delivering man from dragonpierced with crutched stick, and bookpierced with his speardriving a dragon from a well .

as a pilgrim, trampling a dragonstruck with his sword .

St. Aerichus. C. (May i8.)

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.)

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)

— Catherine. V. (Nov. 25.)

— Basil. Abp. (June 14.)

— Cunibert. Abp. (Nov. 12.)

— Eunurchus. C. (Sep. 7.)— Evertius.— Gregory.— Severus.— Thurian.— Maurilius— Bridget.— Catherine.— Ida. W.

B. (Sep. 7.)

Pope. CD. (May 25.)

B. (Feb. I.)

B.C. (N.D.)1

B.C. (Sep. 13.)

W. (Oct. 8.)

V.M. (Nov. 25.)

(Sep. 4.)

Hilary. Abp. C. (May 5.)— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)— MauriUus. B.C. (Sep.'^ia.)

— Medard. B. (June 8.)— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.)— Sampson. B.C. (July 28.)

— Basil. Abp. (June 14.)— Hilda. V. Abs. (Nov. 17.)— David. Abp. (Mar. i.)

— Ives. C. (n.d.)

— Georgia. V.— Joachim. C.— Medard. B.

Saints and their EmblemsDragon

—

continuedtrampling on a dragontransfixed by pastoral staff

vanquished with her crucifix .

with seven heads, led bound by himwith three heads, pierced with spear

Driving awaya fleet of pirates

an army of Arabscaterpillars, from a tree

a female devil with horns and fish's tail

serpents ....Dromedary

bound to a dromedary

Drownedin the sea ' .

with leaden weights tied to himwith stone tied to her neckdrowned boy, at his feet

Drowningin a river ....

DyingB.V. Mary appearing to Saint .

in a shed ....in 'penitential habitin*sackcloth and asheson altar steps

Our Saviour appearing to receive his soulthe Blessed Sacrament brought to her .

Eagleabove him ....at her side ....at his feet ....bringing him a Benedictine habitfinding infant in cornfield near himguarding his bodyhovering over his body, floating in river

issuing from a barrel .

near her ....near him ....on book ....screening him while asleep

sheltering him from rain

>* yf ' •

showing him a site for a monasteryat his side ....

Eelgiving poor man a golden eel .

Eggsplate of eggs in hand, hen at her side .

Emblems of the Passionin hand

Emperorappearing to a young Emperor (Henry), the words " Post

Sex " above him ....at his deathbed ....baptising the Emperor Constantine

(Henry) kneeling to himkneeling, B.V. Mary and Holy Infant appearing

presenting a monstrance . .

remonstrating with the Emperor Julian

reproaching an Emperor

178

St. Elizabeth. V. Abs. (June i8.)

— Magnoald. Ab. (Sep. 6.)— Martha. V. (July 29.)— Germanus. B. (July 31.)— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.)

— Constablis. Ab. (Feb. 17.)— Luke. Ab. (Oct. 13.)— Hermeland. Ab. (Nov. 25.)— Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.)— Hilary. Abp. C. (May 5.)— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.)

— JuUan. M. (Mar. 16.)

— Apollonius. M. (Apr. 5.)— Justus. M. (Aug. 6.)— Sjnnphrosa. M. (July 18.)— Ceslas. C. (July 20.)

— Pigmanian. P.M. (Mar. 24.)

— Opportuna. V. (Apr. 22.)— Radbod. B.C. (Nov. 29.)— Francis. C. (Dec. 3.)— Regnier. C. (July 17.)— Landelin. Ab. C. (June 15.)— Andrew. C. (Nov. 10.)— Camillus. C. (July 14.)— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.)

— John. Ap. (Dec. 27.)— Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.)— Theodoric. P.H. (July i.)— Albert. P.H. (Apr. 7.)— Agericus. B.C. (Dec. i.)— Florian. M. (May 4.)— Benedict. M. (n.d.)— John. Ap. (Dec. 27.)— Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.)]— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.)— John. Ap. (Dec 27.)— Servatius. B. (May 13.)— Bertulf. Ab. (Feb. 5.)— Medard. B. (June 8.)— Theodoric. (Jan. 27.)— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.)

— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.)

— Pharaildis. V. (Jan. 4.)

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Bernard. Ab. (Aug. 20.)— Edelburge. V. Abs. (July 7.)— James. Mk. (n.d.)

— Teresa. V. (Oct 15.)

— Wolfgang. B. (Oct. 31.)— Tarasius. Patr. (Feb. 25.)— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.)— Heribert. B.C. (Mar. 16.)

Sibylla Tiburtina.

St. Sola. H. (Dec. 3.)— Artemius. M. (Oct. 20.)— Zeno. M. (n.d.)

Saints and their EmblemsEscaping

from a window.in boat, from a prison .

Ewerin his hand ....in his hand, devil on shoulder .

large, in her hand

Ewerstwo or three, on a book

Exchanging hearts with Christangel holding crown and crown of thorns

Executionerattempting his life

at his side, saint kneeling

a I

Exorcising a boy

a dragon, by sign of the cross

a girl .

possessed persons

a possessed woman

a demon (saint on ass's back)

a demon, crouching on a stone

a nobleman's servant .

Extracting a thornfrom a bear's pawfrom a child's throat .

from a lion's paw

Eyeon each face of a stone

as an emblem .

his right eye covered with his handpointing to his eye

Eyeson a book, or at her feet

on a book on the groundof his executioner dropping out

his eyes in a cloth held by angels

gimlets in his eyes

in his handplucked out

plucked out, and hands cut off

in a reliquary .

on a shell, book, or dish

wimbles in his eyes

Faggotscarrjnng them to an oven

Falcon. {See also Hawk)a boy with a falcon on his wrist

and daggeron his handhooded, on his wrist

perched on his cell

on his wrist

Fasceslictor's fasces near her

Fawnnear him in a cave

St. Bernard. C. (June 15.)— Adelheid. Emps. (Dec. 12.)

— Romanus. M. (Aug. 9.)— Goar. P.C. (July 6.)— Ehzabeth. Q. (July 8.)

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. zz.)

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)

— Athenogenes. M. (July 14.)— Christopher. M. (July 25.)— Modestus. M. (Feb. 24.)— Potentianus. Abp. (n.d.)

— Eleutherius. Ab. (Sep. 6.)— Hildulphus. Abp. (July 11.)— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.)— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.)— Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov. (

— Aper. B.C. (Sep. 15.)— Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.)— Linus. Pope. M. (Sep. 23.)— Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.)— Ewald the White. P.M. (Oct. 3.)— Epiphanus. B. (Jan. 21.)— Phihp. C. (Aug. 23.)— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

— Aventine. B.C. (Feb. 4.)— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)—• Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.)

•)

Zacharius. Pt.

St. Laudomer. B.— Paul. Ap. M.— Longinus. (Mar.

(Oct. 2.)

(June 30.)

15.)

Othilia. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.)

Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.)

Alban. M. (June 22.)

Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.)

Loedegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.)

Trophinus. M. (Dec. 29.)Benno. B.C. (June 16.)

Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.)

Mennas. M. (Nov. 11.)

Rosaline. V. (June 11.)


Acheolus. M. (May i.)

Solomon. K.M. (June 25.)

- Helladius. B. (Jan. 8.)

Dentlin. Ch. (July 14.)Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)

Julian Hospitator. H. (n.d.)

Jeron. C. (Nov. 7.)

Otho. H. (n.d.)

Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.)


174

Saints and their EmblemsFeather

lamb carrying long feather, by her side

peacock's feather and tower in her hand

Fed by an angelin prison ....with her dying child, in the desert

Fed by angels....by angels on an island

Felling a treeas bishop, felling an oak

Feetand hand, cut off

and hands, cut off

hands, and head, cut off

nailed to ground

Ferrying travellers over a river

Fettersbroken, in his handon hands and feet

on his legs

Fire(ball of) fire near hitn .

before himbehind himcarrjring fire in his lapcarrying fire in his rochet

cloud of fire overhead .

column of fire near, dove at his headextinguished by rain, lion near herextinguishing it with his crosier

great fire near himhis arm in it .

hung over it

in his hand, walking on sea

near him . .

piUar of fire above himround his headstanding in a fire, sword in her necksuppressing a fixe by prayer

,, >» '

,, ti •

tongues of fire, on her headthrowing a paper into a fire

thrown into a fire

walking on fire, pig on either side

walking through fire unhurt .

,, )) •

Firebrand. {See Torch)

Firepanand knife

Fishand bread, in his handand bucket, at his side,

angel bringing it to himangel bringing fish, axe laid at

angel bringing fish on plate

at end of his crosier

carried by a raven

hanging to two keys .

as a child, holding a fish

in his hand

foot of

in his hand or on a book

oak

St. Barbara.lUd.

V.M. (Dec. 4.)

St, Concord. P.M. (Jan. 2.)— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.)

— Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.)— Adebric. C. (n.d.)

— Boniface. Abp. M. (Jime 5.)

— Emmeran. B.M. (Sep. 22.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— James. C. (Nov. 27.)— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.)— Basilissa. M. (Apr. 15.)— Tryphon. M. (Julys.)

— JuUan Hospitator. (n.d.)

- Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.)

• Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)

Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.)

- Benedict. (Mar. 21.)

Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.)

Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.)

Brice. B. (Nov. 13.)

Turibius. B.C. (Apr. 16.)

• Ceslas. C. (July 20.)

- Basil. Abp. (June 14.)- Theda. V.M. (Sep. 23.)• Martial. B.C. (June 30.)

Cammin. Ab. (Mar. 25.)• WiUiam. P.H. (Apr. 24.)• Andochius. M. (Sep. 24.)• Peter. C. O.P. (Apr. 15.)

Barnabas. Ap. (June 11.)

Brioch. B.C. (May i.)

• Tanguidus. Ab. (n.d.)

• Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)

Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.)

Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)

Lupus. B.C. (Sep. 1.)

Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.)

WUhbald. B. (July 7.)

Constantius. B.M. (Jan. 29.)


Boniface. Abp. M. (June 19.)

Peter. B.C. (n.d.)

Abraham. Pt.

St. Berthold,— Corentin.— ComgaU.— Boniface.— Berthold.— Zeno. B.C.— Arnoald. B.

Ab. (July 27.)

B. (Dec. 12.)

Ab. (May 10.)

Abp. M. (June 5.)

Ab. (July 27.)

(Apr. 12.)

(July 18.)— Benno. B.C. (Jan. 16.)— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.)— Gregory. B.C. (Nov. 17.)— John. C. (Oct. 10.)— Nicholas. O.P. (n.d.)

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.)— Ulric. B. (July 4.)

175

Saints and their EmblemsFish

—

continuedon a book, and two keyson a vertical bookstaff, and gourdTobias with fish near Archangelwith bell in its mouth .

with key in its mouth .

with key tied to its neckwith ring in its mouthwith two keys in its mouthunder her feet .

(a sturgeon) at her side

(a salmon) with a ring in its gills

giving an eel to a poor man

Fishesanswering a bell near himcoming to him c

supporting his body in the wateron either side, crown, crosier, and book in her handspreaching to fishes

two on a dish, pitcher in her handtwo. in his handtwo, on a half hoop

Fish-hooksin his hand ...

Fishing-rodin his hand

Flagonchalice and Host in his hand .

of wine, basket of breadand large double-toothed comb

Flailin his hand

Flamesin his handand sword at her feet .

and sword, in hand, or at feet

elevating the Host, in flames .

hanging over flames, head downwardsissuing from her breast

in his handof a city near him, angels extinguishing themover her head .

pra3dng in flames

stabbed in midst of flames

surrounded by flames .

walking through flames

watching Charles Martel in flames

behind him, saint holding chains

Flaskof oil, and lantern

of red liquid, held in a shrine .

Flasksfilling flasks at a streamthree flasks of oil on hook, angel bringing her a fourth

Flayed aliveat the stake ......

Flaying knifein his hand ......

Fleetof pirates, driven away by himof pirates, signalled by him ....of ships, in the distance ....

176

St. Benno. B.C. (Jan. i6.)

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.):

— Raphael. Archangel.

IhiA.

St. Paul. B.C. (Mar. 12.)

— Benno. B.C. (Jan. 16.)

— Egwin. B.C. (Jan. 11.)— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Benno. B.C. (Jime 16.)

— Amoald. B. (July 18.)

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep.

— Amalberga. V. (July 10.)— Kentigern. B.C. (Jan. 13.)— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.)

12.)

— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.)— Berthold. Ab. (July 27.)— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 4.)— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.)— Antony. C. (June 13.)— B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.)— Andrew. Ap. (Nov. 30.)— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.)

— Zeno. M. (n.d.)

— Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.)

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.)— EHzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Verena. V. (Sep. i.)

— Varus. M. (Oct. 19.)

Antony of Padua. C.• Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)• Uriel. Archangel.Yvo. C. (May 22.)

• Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.)

Mary. V. (May 25.)Vincent. C. (n.d.)

Alexander. M. (Jan. 15.)

Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)

Januarius. B.M. (Sep. 19.)Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.)Afra. M. (Aug. 5)Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.)Eucherius. B.C. (Feb. 20.)

Epimarchus. M. (Dec. 12.)

Mary of Cabeza. (n.d.)• Antony. C. (June 13.)

Omobuono of Cremona.Walburges. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.)

SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM.(Oct. 25.)

St. Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.)

— Constabilus. Ab. (Feb. 17.)— Winwaloe, Ab. (Mar. 3.)— Pius. Pope. C. (May 5.)

Saints and their EmblemsFleurs-de-Lis

on his habit . . . . ,

on her tunic . . . ,

on his shield . . . . ,

on her mantle . . . . ,

Fliesstinging him in the desert

Floating in the seawith an anchor round his neck,with weights tied to their necks

Flower. (/See also Lily, Rose)in her hand . . . . ,

in his hand . . . . .

ten-leaved simflower in her hand

Flowersbasket of flowers in her hand, roses in her lapbirds strewing her body with .

branch with three white flowersgrowing from her neck, head in hand .

in her apron . . . . .

iy • • • • •

three, in her hand . . . .

three, in his hand . . . .

three in his hand, and crucifix

wreath of flowers on her head .

Fontwith Clovis in it

dipping his hand into a font .

near him . . . . .

standing at a font, for a child .

standing in a font, bishop near

Foothis foot cut off . . . .

Footprintsleaving his footprints on a stone

Foreheadbranded on the forehead

Foresthiding in a forest

Forgeand anvil near himand arrows \ya\% near himmaking horseshoes . .

a goldsmith's forge at his side

Forkwith two barbed prongs, fasces near her

Fountainand barrel at his feet .

and cows near her, scjrthe in handnear his head (on the ground) .

and lamb near him, anchor in handbucket, and fish at his side

flowing from his tomb .

in a bear's den, foimtain near himnear him I .

near him, stag drinking

near his altar .

obtaining it by prayer .

St. Richardius. Ab. (Apr. 26.)— Joan of Arc. M.— WilUam. H. (Feb. 10.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)'

— Macarius. C. (Jan. 3.)

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— Rufina and Companions. (July 10.)

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)— Louis. B.C. (Aug. 19.)— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)— Sophronia. R. (n.d.)

Angels of MercySt. Flora. V.M. (Nov. 24.)— Germaine. V. (June 15.)— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.)— Germaine. V. (June 15.)— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.)— MaruUus. O.P. (n.d.)— CeciUa. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

— Remigius. Abp. (Oct. i.)— Erhard. B.M. (Jan. 8.)— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.)— Wenceslas. M. (Sep. 28.)— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

— Victor. M. (July 21.)— Victorinus. M. (Feb. 25.)

— Medard. B. (June 8.)

— Flavian. M. (Dec. 22.)

— Maximus. B. (Nov. 27.)

— Apelles. H. (n.d.)— Otto. B. (July 2.)— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.)

lUi.

St. Martma. V.M. (Jan. i.)

— Willebrord. Abp. (Nov. 7.)— GuntUda. (n.d.)

— Ansanus. M. (Dec. i.)

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— Corentin. B. (Dec. 12.)— Ives. B.C. (Apr. 25.)— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.)— Julian of Mans. B.C.— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.)— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.)— Antidius. B. (Jime 25.)— Antoninus. C. (July 16.)— Apollinaris. B. (Oct. 5.)— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.)— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— ClothUda. Q. (June 3.)— Humbert. C. (Mar. 25.)

177

Saints and their EmblemsFountain

—

continuedobtaining it by prayer

obtained by a reed in the groiind

praying before a foimtain

procured by him

procuring it, with his crosier .

procuring it, with a staff

springing, near himspringing, from her bloodspringing, from his tombspringing, where his blood falls

three fountains springing, where his head falls

Foxeswith fiery tails, turned into a cornfield

Franciscan Habit»j • "

carr3ring a cross

»» • •

with cross in his arms .

habit under his cope, crosier and bookholding a chasublekneeling before the B.V. Mary, two virgin saints near

him ....'''a negro, with enflamed heart in handa nun, with roses

a nun, with small dog at her feet

with pyx in his hand .

receiving the stigmata .

Frogsaint praying, frog near her

Frogsabout him

,, • . •

near her

Fruitangel bringing her basket of fruit

and flowers

basket of fruit in cave before himin one scale, scroll in other

offering fruit to Infant Jesus .

Fuller's Club or Batin his hand

Furtunics, cloaks and hoodswearing fur pelisse

fur-lined cloak

»> • •

Furnacehanging over a furnace by her hair

in a furnace

kneeling in a furnace .

thrown into a furnace .

Gardeneras a gardener .

178

(Jan. 15.)

(Nov. 6.)

(Sep. 9.)

C. (Aug. 23-)

(Sep. 10.)

St. Isidore. H.— Leonard. H.— Omer. B.C.— Philip Beniti.

— Nicolas. C.— Alto. Ab. (Feb: 9.)— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. I.)

— Engelmund. P. (June 21.)

— Augustine. B.C.— Landelin. Ab.— Livinus. B.M.— Servatius. B.C.— Fursey. Ab. C— Gabinus. P.M.— Riquier. Ab— Trudo. Ab.

(May 26.)

(June 15.)

(Nov. 12.)

(May 13.)

(Jan. 16.)

(Feb. 19.)

(n.d.)

(Nov. 23.)— Venantius. (May 18.)— Julitta. V.M. (July 30.)— Adalbert. CD. (June 25.)— Botvid. M. (July 28.)

— Eric. K.M. (May 18.)— Paul. Ap. (June 30.)

Samson

St. Antony. C. (June 13.)— Louis. B. (Aug. 19.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.)

lUd.St. Louis. B. (Aug. 19.)

Ihid.

St. Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Benedict. C. (Apr. 3.)— Rose. V. (Mar. 8.)— Margaret. Pen. (Feb. 22.)— BonaVentura. B.C.D. (July 14.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

— Ulphia. V. (Jan. 21.)

— Herve. (June 17.)— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.)— Senorina. V. Abs. (n.d.)

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)

Ihid.'

St. Posidonius. B.C. (n.d.)— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.)— Anne. (July 26.)

— Eugenius. M. (Mar. 4.)— James. Ap. (May i.)— Simon. Ap. (Oct. 28.)

SS. Abdon and Sennen. MM. (July 30.)

St. Anscharius. B. (Feb. 3.)— Pelagius. M. (n.d.)— Ives of Bretagne. C.

— Oliva. V.M. (June 3.)— Theodore and Companions.(Sep. 4.)— Ephesus. M. (Jan. 15.)— Victor. M. (May 8.)

— Salvator. C. (n.d.)— Fiacre. C. (Aug. 30.)— Phocas. (July 3.)

MM.

Saints and their EmblemsGates

(of Gaza) on his shouldersturreted gateway, in his hand .

Geesearound her ....fljring near her, church in her handthree, at his feet, church and crosier in hand

Giantwading river with Infant on his shoulders

Gibbethanging from it, pierced with arrows .

hanging from it, thigh pierced with spear

near him ....Gimlets

in his eyes ....Girdle

angels bringing them girdles, whilst asleep

B.V. Mary giving it to himof B.V. Mary, lowered by her to saint

in her hand ....of ivy leaves around himor scarf, in her hand .

taking off his (centurion's) girdle

Girlexorcising a girl

exorcising a girl, crown near himher hands on the shoulders of a girl

Glassa broken glass in his hand

Globeand arrow ....and banner ....and chalice, in their handsand cross ....and cross, on one of three chests

at his feet ....fired by dog, with torch in its mouth .

his soul ascending in the form of a globe

one foot on a globe, star on his breast\

imperial, marked with crosses, in his handof fire, in her handof fire, in his handof fire, over his head .

of fire, overhead at Massof fire, over his tomb .

praying at night, globe of fire overhead

receiving white globe from B.V. Mary .

standing on globe, with sword and scroll

vision of globe in flames

with cross, seraph on either side

with dove on it in his hand

Globesbalancing two, in scales

three, surmounted by a banner .

three, surmounted by a cross, in his crosier

Gloveand staff . • *

/-c*\

receiving a glove from St. Henry (Emp.)

receiving a white glove from his sister

rod and scourge

Gloveshanging his gloves on a sunbeam

Samson.Ezekiel. Pt.

St. Amalberga. V. (July'io.)— Milberga. V. Abs. (Feb. 23.)— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.)

— Christopher. M. (July 25.)

— Ferreolus. B.M. (Sep. 18.)— Colman. M. (Oct. 13.)— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.)

— Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.)

— Thomas of Aquin and Companions.(Mar. 7.)— Stephen. Ab. (Apr. 17.)— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.)— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.)— Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.)— Monica. W. (May 4.)— Marcellus. M. (Oct. 30.)

— Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov. 9.)— C3niacus. B.M. (May 4.)— Morwenna. V. (July 6.)

— WiUibald. B. (July 7.)

— Edmund. K.M.— Victorinus. M.Dominations.St. Antony. C.— Gumtramnus— Francis. C.— Dominic. C.— John of the Cross— Nicolas Tolentino.

(Nov. 20.)

(Feb. 25.)

(June 13.)

K.C. (Mar. 28.)

(Oct. 4.)

(Aug. 4.)

C. (Nov.(Sep. 10.)

24.)

— Ladislas. K. (June 27.)— Thecla. V.M. (Sept. 23.)— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.)— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.)— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.)— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.)— Margaret. V. (Jan. 28.)— Amadeus. B.C. (n.d.)

Sibylla Er3rthrea.

St. Gabinus. P.M. (Feb. 19.)


St. Henry. Emp. (July 15.)

— Clara. V. (Aug. 18.)


lUi.

St. Bavo. H. (Oct. i.)

— Meinwerk. B.C. (June 5.)— Amadeus. B.C. (n.d.)

Sibylla Tiburtina.

St. David. Ab. (July 15.)— Cunegimdes. Emps. (Mar. 3.)— Hildebert. B.C. (n.d.)

— Robert. Ab. C, (Apr. 24.)

179

Saints and their EmblemsGroat

devil in shape of goat, near him

Goldsmithwith book before him .

working as a goldsmith

Gooseat his feet

in wolf's mouth, near himnear himin her hand, or at her feet

Gospelof St. John, in his handof St. Matthew, in his hand

Gourdseated under it

on a staff, and fish in hand

Granaryshutting rooks in it .

Grapesin his hand ....growing on a bramble near himon missal in his hand .

two men with pole and bunch of grapes

Gravelooking into a grave

stepping into it

vine growing on his gravetwo lions digging his gravea lion digging her grave

Gridironin her handand sword, in his hands

his bowels on'^a gridiron

burnt on a gridiron

burnt on a gridiron, bowels torn with hookas a deacon, holding a gridiron

as a deacon, with thurible, standing on gridiron

Habitwoman in monk's habit

presenting a habit to St. William of Aquitainereceiving a habit from St. Benedict (Feb. 12)

Hailstriking down her tonnentors .

Haircovered with her long and flowing hair

covered with his hair

covered with white hair, holding three loavesdragged by her hair

hanging by her hair, nailed to cypress

hanging by her hair

hanging by her hair and scourged

hanging by her hair over furnace

hanging by her hair to tree over smokehis hair grown down to the groundlong hair and beard

Hair shirtin his hand .....

180

St. Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.)

— Thean. Ab. (Jan. 7.)— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.)

— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.)— Vedast. B. (Feb. 6.)— Rigobert. Abp. (Jan. 4.)— Pharaildis. V. (Jan. 4.)

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.)— Barnabas. Ap. (Jvme 11.)

Jonas. Pt.

St. Raphael. Archangel.

— Maurice. Ab. (n.d.)

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.)— Maximus. B.C. (Jan. 15.)— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.)

Joshua.

St. Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Giles. O.P. (n.d.)

— John. Evan. (Dec. 27.)— Darinus. C. (June 3.)— Macarius. H. (n.d.)— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.)

— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.)— Laiu-ence. D.M. (Aug. 10.)— Dionysius. M. (Oct. 3.)— C3rpnan. M. (Sep. 26.)— Erasmus. B.M. (Jime 2.)— Donatella. M. (n.d.)— Eustratius. M. (Dec. 13.)— Macedonius. M. (Sep. 12.)— Laurence. D. (Aug. 10.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Laurence. D.M. (Aug. 10.)

Ihid.

St. Euphrosyne. V. (Jan. i.)— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.)— Marina. V. (June 18.)— Benedict. Ab. (Feb. 12.)— William. H. (May 28.)

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)

— Mary Magdalen. (July 22.)— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.)— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.)— Raineldis. V.M. (July 16.)— Theodula. M. (n.d.)

— JuUana. V.M. (Feb. 16.)— Symphorosa. M. (July 18.)— Theonilla. M. (Aug. 23.)— OUva. V.M. (June 3.)— Zoe. M. (July 5.)— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.)— Wilgefortis. V.M. (July 30.)

— Placidus. M. (Oct. 5.)

HalbertSaints and their Emblems

and loaf

book and inkhornin his hand

Halterpahn and (broken) halter

Hammerand chalice, saddle near him .

and crown, on his anviland crosier

and three nails, in his handarmour, anvil and swordcup, and nail

in her handin his handmaking a chalice with hammer

" i> •

Handa celestial hand, giving him coinsa hand on the end of his sceptrea hand reaching him a crossher hand cut off

his hand, severed on anvilholding a hand, or glovelapng a hand on an altarone cut off, held in the other .

»> i» •

Handsand feet, bored throughand feet, cut off

and feet (of St. Adrian) on an anvil .

painting pictures with his hands burntcut off .

»> • • • •

cut off, his eyes outhis hands in the cleft of a tree

tied to posts

tied to a stake

Handcuflfenear him ....

Handkerchiefand book ....strangled with it . . .

Hangingby her hair, over a furnace

by her hair and nailed to cypress-tree .

by his hands and torn by three-pronged hookby his hands, weight tied to feet

by his heels over smokeby his heels over a sulphurous lake

by his thumbsdownwards, over flames

from a beam and torn with hooks

from a gibbet, thigh pierced by spear .

from a tree ....head downwards, torn with rakes

over a fire ....with her hands and feet cut off

with stones tied to his feet

Harein his arms

St. Olaf. K.M. (July 29.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)— Hallvard. M. (May 14.)— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.)

— Syra. V. (June 8.)


IhiA.

Ibid.

St. WilUam. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.)— Apollonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.)— Reinoldus. C. (n.d.)— Bernward. B. (Nov. 20.)— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.)

— Maieul. Ab. (May 11.)— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)— Attala. V. Abs. (Dec. 3.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)

Sibylla Tiburtina.

St. Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)— John Damascen. B.C. (May 6.)— Quiriacus. P.C. (Aug. 23.)

— Felician. B.M. (Jan. 24.)— James Intercisus. M. (Nov 27.)— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.)— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.)— Natalia. W. (Sep. 8.)— Lazarus. M. (Feb. 23.)— Martha. V.M. (Feb. 23.)— Sabinus. B.M. (Dec. 30.)— Mennas. M. (Nov. 11.)— Victorinus. H.C. (n.d.)— Quintin. B. (Oct. 31.)— Afra. M. (Aug. 5.)

— Mathurinus. C. (Nov. 9.)

— Monica. W. (May 4.)— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.)

— OUva. V.M. (June 3.)— Theodula. M. (n.d.)— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.)— Placidus. M. (Oct. 5.)— Victorinus. P.M. (Sep. 5.)— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.)— Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.)

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM.(Sep. 27.)

St. Cohnan. M. (Oct. 13.)— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.)— Barbara. V.M. pec. 4.)

SS. Andochius and Th3n:sus. MM,(Sep. 24.)

St. Fausta. M. (Sep. 20.)— Severian. M. (Sep. 9.)

Albert of Siena. H. (n.d.)

181

Saints and their EmblemsHarp

on his banner....in her hand ....in his hand ....

)> • • • •

Harrowwith ox and horse near him

Hathanging it on a sunbeamwearing palmer's hat, cross-staff and rosarypilgrim's hat, holding staff and shell .

>> ,,

pilgrim's hat, with white habit .

pilgrim's hat, carrying the cross

Hatchetand church, in his handin his hand ....

J J • • •

in his hand, trees cut down near him .

Hawk. (/See also Falcon)boy with a hawk on his wrist

his tongue thrown to a hawk

Headcarrpng the upper part of his head in his handscarrying a mitred head

carrjdng a tonsured headcarrying her own head

carrying her own head, flowers

carrying his own headgrowing from

from„ palms sproutingcarrying the head of St. Alexandercarrjdng the crowned head of St. Oswaldcarrjring upper part of a mitred headcloven with halbert

cloven with sword

coroneted head in her handcowled head, on a platter

giving his head to be sent to Seville

his hands nailed to his headhis head in a holly bushhis head (mitred) on the ground, swordher head on the ground near heron the ground near himon the ground, fountain behindon the ground, three springs issuing therefrompresenting her head to St. Martial at Massa raven finding his headcarrying a head in his wallet .

182

neck

neck

near him

St. David of Scotland. K. (n.d.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

David. Pt.

St. Dunstan. Abp. (May 19.)

'— Guido. C. (Sep. 12.)

— Goar. P.C. (July 6.)— Neot. C. (July 31.)— James. Ap. (July 25.)— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.)— Maxentia. V. (Nov. 20.)— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.)

— Wolfgang. B.— Matthew. Ap.— Matthias. Ap.— Amator. B.C.

— Dentlin. Ch.— Quirinus. M.

(Oct. 31.)

(Sep. 21.)

(Feb. 22.)

(May I.)

(July 14.)

(Mar. 30.)

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)— Firminus. B.M. (Sep. 25.)— Leo. Abp. (Mar. i.)— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)— Noyala. V.M. (July 6.)— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.)— Regula. V.M. (Sep. 11.)— SidweU. V.M. (Aug. 2.)— Winifred. V.M. (Nov. 3.)— Juthwara. V. (Jan. 6.)— Flora. (Nov. 24.)— Alban. M. (June 21.)— Aphrodisius. M. (Apr. 28.)— Aventine. H.M. (June 7.)— Caraimus. M. (May 28.)— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)— Exuperantius. Dn. M, (Dec. ^0.)— Clair. M. (Nov. 4.)— Felix. M. (Sep. 11.)

M,M,

- LambertLucanus.

• Lucian. B.Mitrius. M.Piatus. P.M.Proculus. M.Boninsegnis,

(Apr. 16.)

(Oct. 30.)

(Jan. 8.)s(Nov. 13.)

(Oct. I.)

(N.D.)

C. (n.d.)

Ursicinus. B.M. (Aug. 14.)- Grata. V. (Sep. 4.)- Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.)- Nicasius. Abp. (Dec. 15.)- Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.)- Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 3.)- Thomas. Abp. (Dec. 29.)- Valeria. V.M. (Dec. 9.)- Anastasius. M. (Jan. 22.)- Laurian. B. (July 4.)- Pantaleon. M. (July 12.)- Alban. M. (June 22.)- Firminus. B.M. (Sep. 15.)- Winifred. V.M. (Nov. 3.)- Alban. M. (June 22.)Ansanus. M. (Dec. i.)

Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.)Valeria. V.M. (Dec. 9.)Auxentius. M. (Dec. 13.)

John. C. (Mar. 8.)

Saints and their EmblemsHealing. {See also Restoring)

an Armenian princessa sick child

a man run over by a wagonKing Clovis

a cripple

raising St. Petronilla from a sick beda monk, crushed by a fallen buildingan epileptic child (with oil from a lamp)

Heartand Uly in her handand liver, in his hand .

flaming, and crown of thornsflaming, a crucifix appearingflaming, and tall cross .

flaming and winged, appearing to himflaming, in her hand

tt >>

flaming, in his handf> )>

flaming, over himflaming, pierced by two nails

his heart, marked with I H S, torn out by lions

in her handin his handin his hand, pierced with arrowin his hand, surmounted by three nails

in one hand, seven rings on othertransfixed with two arrows, in his handmarked with a cross in her hand

it >i

marked with a cross in left hand, cross and flowers in

right

marked with I H S, in her handmarked with I H S, in his handmarked with J.H.U.S., in his hand, wound in side

marked with a white cross in his handof a miser, in money chest near him .

presenting her heart to the B.V.M.presenting his heart to the B.V.M.receiving Our Saviour's heart .

Sacred heart crowned with thorns above himexchanging hearts with Our Saviour .

Hearthlying on a burning hearth

Heathen Converts. {See Converts)

Hellcontemplating a vision of hell

Helmetand cuirass (red hot) .

red-hot helmet

Henat her side, plate of eggs in her hand

Heraldry. {See Shield)

Herbs(bunch) in his hand

Hermitin a cave

I....

discovered by a htmter

in coat of mail, with chains and staff

Avith loaf and staff

with rosary and staff .

a hermit with lantern, following him

Hidestrips of, in their hands

St. Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.)— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

— Severinus. Ab. C. (Feb. 11.)— Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.)

—: Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar, ai.)

— Nilus. (Sep. 26.)

— Margaret. V. (n.d.)—. Anzano. M. (n.d.)

—, Mary. V. (May 25.)—.Erentrude. V. Abs. (June 30.)— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.)— Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Opportuna. V. Abs. (Apr. 22.)

BL Benedict of Palermo. C. (Apr. 3.)

St. Leander. B.C. (Feb. 27.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Robert. C. (n.d.)

— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.)— Jane Frances. W. (Aug. 21.)— Francis. B.C. (Jan. 29.)

Bl. James. O.P. (n.d.)

St. Macarius. B.C. (Aug. 10.)— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Nov. 15.)— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Veronica. V. Abs. (July 9.)

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.)

Bl. James. O.P. (n.d.)

St. Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)— Antony of Padua. C. (June 13.)— Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. la.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Mechtildas. V. Abs. (Apr. lo.)

— Francis. B.C. (Jan. 29.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)

— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.)

— Ansehn. B.C. (Mar. 18.)— Fiu-sey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.)— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.)

— Meletius. Patr. M. (Feb. 12.)— Juhan of Ancyra. M. (Sep. 13.)

— PharaUdis. V. (Jan. 4.)

— Cyr. M. (Jan. 31.)

— Paul. (Jan. 15.)— Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.)— Utho. H. (N.D.)-

— William of Maleval. (Feb. 10.)— Callus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)— Austell. C. (June 28.)

— Christopher. M. (July 25.)

SS. Crispin and(Oct. 25.)

Crispinian. MM.

188

Saints and their EmblemsHill

preaching on a hill, dove on his shoulder

preaching from a hill ....Hind

and two fawns near himat her side .....at his feet .....

,, .....at his side .....one forefoot on his knee, other pierced with arrownear him .....near her in cave

Hindsthree, near him

Hodin his hand ....

Hoein his hand ....and book, oxen near herin his hand ....man behind him with a hoe uplifted .

Holy waterchanging it into oil for church lamps .

Holy water vesseland aspergill, dragon at her feet

and pahn in her hands

Hookand tongs, in his handin her hand ....in his hand ....two-pronged, in his hand

Hooksbound to tree, a man with hooks near himbound to a tree and torn with iron hooksher face torn with hookshanging from a beam by hooks .

torn with iron hooks .

Hoophalf-hoop, with two fishes on it

Hops(bunch) in his hand

Hornblowing a horn,horn and book .

in his handit •

mounted on a stand(of unction) and tau cross, in his hand

Hornstwo, on her headdress . . . ,

Hornetsissuing from his tomb . . . ,

Horseat her side . . . . .

at his side . . . . .

dragged by a horse . . . ,

,, . . . ,

giving it to a beggar . . . .

ox, and harrow, near himrestoring a dead horse to life .

shoeing a horse . . . .

thrown from his horse by a light from heaven

184

St. David. Abp. (Mar. i.)

— Peregrinus. B.M. (n.d.)

— Bassian. B.C. (Jan. 19.)— Catherine. V. (Mar. 2a.)

— Fiacre. H.C. (Aug. 30.)— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.)

— Procopius. H. (July 4.)— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.)

— Aygulfas. B.C. (Sep. i.)

— Ivan. H. (June 24.)— Lupus of Sens. B.C. (Sep. i.)

— Genevieve. Due. C. (n.d.)

— Goar. P.C. (July 6.)

— Werner. Ch. M. (Apr. 19.)

— Fiacre. (Aug. 30.)— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.)— Isidore of Madrid. C. (May 10.)— Rumbold. B.M. (July i.)

— Narcissus. B.C. (Oct. 29.)

— Martha. V. (July 29.)— Ubaldesca. V. (n.d.)

— Felician. B.M. (Jan. 24.)— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.)

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.)— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.)


St. Digna. V.M. (June 14.)— Emerita. V.M. (Sep. 22.)— Satuminus. B.M. (Nov. 29.)

— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.)

— Amulf. B.C. (Aug. 15.)

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.)— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.)— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.)

Ihid.

Sibylla Cimmeria.

St. Narcissus. B.M. (Mar. 18.)

— Irene. V.M. (Apr. 5.)— Severus. B. (Feb. i.)— Ivan. H. (June 24.)— Tryphon. M. (July 3.)— Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.)— Guido. C. (Sep. 12.)— Segni. B.C. (n.d.)— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.)— Paul. Ap. (June 30.)— Procopius. Le. M. (July 8.)

Saints and their EmblemsHorses

dragged at the tail of wild horses

near him, torch in his hand] .

restoring dead horses to life

On Horsebackan angel on horseback attending herin armourin armour with banner

in armour, sword and spear, dragon at feet

in battle .....in battle, angel bringing him a cross .

Clovis and Queen on horseback, saint with chainwith a crocodile at his feet

dividing his cloak with sword, beggar at his feet

exorcising a womanwith helmet and long spear

a Moorish prince kneeling to himAttila and soldiers kneeling to himstabbed on horseback .

threatening a dragon with his crosier

on a white horse

Horsemenappearing in the air to him

Horseshoeforging a horseshoein his hand

Horseshoesnailed to his feet

Host, The Sacredappearing overhead to her

elevated by priest, a bird on either side, near her

in flames, elevated by himin his handin his hand, elevating it

on her heart

Houndssaint on all fours, pursued by hounds

near her

Hour-glassin his hand

,....

Housemodel of burning house in his hand

thrown from a house-top

falling from a house-top

Houseswashed away, saint at prison window

Hunteras a hunter

rescuing a doe from a hunter

a hunter finding him in cell

as a hunter, kneeUng before a stag

Huntersand hounds, pursuing himdiscovering him in cave

Hurdlebound to it . .

Hut. (See Cell)

St. Anastasius.

Hippolytus.M. (Jan. 22.)

M. (Aug. 13.)— Martinian. M. (Oct. 16.)— Orestes. M. (Nov. 9.)— Quirinus. M. (Mar.?3o.)

— Medard. B. (June 8.)— Fechin. Ab. (Jan. 20.)

— Hildegund. V. (Apr. 20.)— Emilian. Ab. C. (Nov. 12.)— Benignus. M. (Apr. 3.)— VitaUs. M. (Nov. 4.)— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.)— Uhic. B. (July 4.)— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.)— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.)— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.)— Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.)— Longinus. M. (Mar. 15.)— Ferdinand. K. (May 30.)— Leo. Pope. (Apr. 11.)— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.^— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.)

— Ursmar. B. (Apr. 19.)


lUd.

St. Papas. M. (Mar. 16.)

I7-)

Bl. Imelda. V. (n.d.)

St. HUda. V. Abs. (Nov.— Yvo. B.C. (May 22.)— Burchard. B.C. (Oct. 14.)— Fnunentius. B.C. (Oct. 27.)— Juliana Falconieri. V. (June 19.)

— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.)— Sira. V.M. (June 8.)

— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.)— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)

— Luglus. B.M. (Oct. 23.)— Serapion. M. (Nov. 14.)— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

— Verena. V. (Sep. i.)

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)— Germanus. B. (July 31.)— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.)— Neot. C. (July 31.)— Utho. H. (n.d.)

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)

— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.)— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)

— Processus. (July 2.)

Saints and their EmblemsHyena

and young, beside him

Iceplunged in ice .

tied to stakes on the ice

Idol. {See also Statue)broken and falling, near him .

,, ,> • _ "

falling from a broken column near himfalling from a column .

overthrown, sword in her handrefusing to worship an idol

trampling on an idol .

Idolsat her feet

breaking them, in prison

overturned by his cross

overturned near his font

overturning idols

procuring lightning on idols

refusing to worship idols

Incenseforced into his hand

Indiancarr3n[ng an Indian on his shoulder

Indiansbaptizing Indians

round him ....Infant

infant ....found by eagle in cornfield

in cradle, brought to herin his arms ....in his arms. Sister of Charity at his feet

on ground near him .

,, ...speaking at his commandas an infant, on his mother's kneeas an infant, dashed against steps of tribune

Infant, The Holyappearing in the Sacred Hostappearing to her in a bunch of roses

appearing to himtt • •

appearing to him in manger

caressed by him

in her armsit • •

in her arms, a basket in her handin his arms

in his arms, as be kneels

in his arms at Masscarried on his shoulder, across a streamespoused to heron his shoulder, with three headson one arm, B.V. Mary on other

presenting crown of thorns and roses

putting a loaf into his wallet .

received from B.V. Mary by saint

speaking to him

St. Macarius. (Jan. 2.)

— Jonas. M. (Mar. 29.)

SS. Inna and Companions, (n.d.)

St. Philip. Ap. (May i.)

— Benignus. M. (Nov. i.)

— Lucius. K.C. (Dec. 3.)— Urban! Pope. M. (May 25.)— MeUtina. V.M. (Sep. 15.)— Valeria. M. (Apr. 28.)— Alexander. M. (Aug. 26.)

— Irene. V.M. (Apr. 5.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Philip. Ap. (May i.)

— Wilfrid. B.C. (Oct. 12.)— Willehad. B. (Nov. 8.)— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Prisca. V.M. (Jan, 18.)

— Procopius. Le. M. (July 8.)

— Francis. O.S.J. (Dec. 3.)

— Francis. O.S.J. (Oct. 10.)— Francis. (July 24.)

Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.)

Agericus. B.C. (Dec. i.)

Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.)

Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13).

Vincent. C. (July 19.)

Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13.)

Frobert. Ab. (Dec. 31.)

Goar. C. (July 6.)

Frobert. Ab. (Dec. 31.)

Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.)

Hugh. BRose. V.Adamnan.Edmund.Silvester.

Francis

Antony.StanilausMary. B.V.Catherine. V,

C. (Nov. 17.)

(Aug. 30.)

Ab. (Sep. 23.)

B.C. (Nov. 16.)

Ab. (n.d.)

C. (Oct. 4.)

C. (June 13.)

C. (Nov. 13.)

(Mar. 25.)

Abs. (Mar.

Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.)

Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.)

9-)

Didacus. C.

Herman. C.

Joseph. C.

Simeon. Pt.

Antony. C.

Waltheof. Ab,Christopher.

Catherine.

Christopher.

Anne. V.Catherine.

FeUx. C.

Cajetan. CFrances. W,Antony. C.

Peter. B.M.

(Nov. 13.)

(Apr. 7.)

(Mar. 19.)

(Oct. 8.)

(June 13.)

C. (Aug. 3.)

M. (July 25.)

V. (Apr. 30.)

M. (July 25.)

(July 26.)

V. (Apr. 30.)

(May 21.)

(Aug. 7.)

(Mar. 9.)

(June 13.)

(Dec. 6.)

186

Saints and their Emblems

in his hand, dragon at his side

in his hand, a Ught from heaven on himreceiving a key from her father

Keysand church, in his handand loaves, in her handat girdle, ladle in her handat her side

bimch of keysin his handof heaven brought by St. Peter

one gold and one silver

on her arm, devil on her shoulder

receiving them from St. Peter .

three keys in his handtwo, and fish, on a booktwo, a fish hanging to themtwo, in a fish's mouthtwo, in his hand

Kingbaptizing a king

beheaded by a king

Infant, The Holy—continuedstanding on open book in his handflames in his hand, kneeling before the Holy. Infant .

presenting an apple to the Holy Infant, in His mother'sarms ......

Inkhornin his handand crook in his handangel holding his inkhornhalbert, and bookpen-case, and book

Instruments(surgical) in his hand .

(musical) in her hand .

Invoking. {See Procuring)

Islandfed by an angel on an island .

receiving mitre and crosier on an islandwith serpents on an island

Javelinlily and pahn in her handsor lance in his handpierced by a javelin, or arrow .

Javelinstwo, lily and palm in his hand

Jawboneof an ass, in his hand .

Jewelsburning her jewels

on grotmd, saint praying

Jug. See EwerKey

and double-barred cross in his handand clasped book in her handand rosary in her handand shackbolt in his handin fish's mouth in his handin his hand

St. Antony. C. (June 13.)

Ibid.

Bl. Herman Joseph. C. (Apr. 7.)

St. Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.)— Bede. C. (May 27.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)

Ibid.

St. Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.)

— Cosmas. M. (Sep. 17.)— Cecilia. V. (Nov. 22.)

— Adelric. C. (n.d.)— Honoratus. B.C. (Jan. 16.)— Hilary. B.C. (Jan. 13.)

— Philomena. V.M. (Aug. 10.)— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.)— Evergislas. B.M. (Oct. 24.)

— Miniato. M. (Oct. 25.)

Samson

St. Thais. Pen. (Oct. 8.)— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Petronilla. V. (May 31.)— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.)— Jerom. C. (July 20.)— Egwin. B.C. (Jan. 11.)— Benignus. M. (Nov. i.)— Ferdinand. K. (May 30.)— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.)— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Rajmiond. C. (Jan. 23.)— Servatius. B. (May 13.)— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)— OthiUa. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.)

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.)— Martha. V. (July 29.)— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.)


St. James. Ap. (July 25.)— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)— Dominic. (Aug. 4.)— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Benno. B.C. (Jan. 16.)

Ibid.

St. Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.)— Isaac. Mk. (June 3.)— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Riquier. Ab. (n.d.)

— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.)— Finan. B. (Feb. 17.)— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.)

187

Saints and their EmblemsKing

—

continuedblessing a kingin a cell with a king .

converting a captive king

witli cross and battle-axe

with cross on his breast

with ensign before his armyEthiopian king gaining a victory

giving an apple to a blind king

healing King Clovis

as a king, bearing an axeking kneeling to him, his crown on the groundking murdering a priest at Mass near herking preaching from a pulpit .

King Radislas kneeling to him for pardonas a king, trampling on a dragonpreaching to an Ethiopian kingreceiving grant from a kingsaint as a bishop, with a king, holding a churchshowing his stripes to King Ebdalda young king near himKing Totila kneeling before him

Kingsthree, before him, saint crowning two of them

Kissingcaptive's chains . . . .

a crucifix . . . . .

Kneesthe print of their knees left on a stone

Knifeand arrows, in his handand bookand firepan

and fish, in her handand flayed human skin, in his bandsat her breast .

in her hand

in her hand, her breasts on a bookin^his hand ' .

»» • •

in his head, trampling a devil

in his headin his shoulder

in his side, two nails in his handof sacrifice, in his handsmall, in his handstabbed with a knife .

Labarum (Chi Rho monogram)surmounting his lance....

Ladderwith angels on it, inviting her upwardsappearing to him in vision

with child on it, supported by two angels before altar

guarded by dragonin his hand

pointing to it, with monks ascending

St. Simeon beckoning him up ladder

virgins ascending a ladder near heryouth mounting it, saint leading him by a chain

Ladlein her hand, keys at girdle

Lamb. {8ee also Agnus Dei)and cross, in her arms....and cross, in his lap ....and cross, on book ....and fountain near, anchor in his hand .

188

St. Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.)— Malachy. Abp. (Nov.— Christiania. (Dec. 15.)— Olaf. K.M. (July 29.)

3.)

— Ferdinand— Ladislas.— Elesbaan.— Malachy.— Severinus.— Hermengild— Ninian. B.— Dymphna.

K. (May 30.)

K. (June 27.)

K.C. (Oct. 27.)

Abp. (Nov. 3.)

Ab. C.

M. (Apr. 13.)

(Sep. 16.)

V.M. (May 15.)


Wenceslas. M. (Sep. 28.)

Efflan. C. (Nov. 6.)

Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— WiUibald.— Gislerius.— Laurence.— Wulfram.— Benedict.

B. (July 7.)

C. (N.D.)

Abp. (Feb. 2.)

Abp. (Mar. 20.)

Ab. (Mar. 21.)

— Boniface. Abp. M. (Jtme 5.)

— Balbina. V. (Mar. 31.)— Etheldritha. V. (Aug. 7.)

SS. Justus and Pastor. MM. (Aug. 6.)

St. Otto. B. (July 2.)— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.)Abraham.St. Sura. V.M. (June 8.)— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug.— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Ebba. V. Abs. (Aug. 25.)— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)— Albert. B.C. (Apr. 8.)— Herculanus. B.M. (Mar.— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug.— Peter. M. (Apr. 29.)Ibid.

St. William. Ch. M. (Mar.— Zadkiel. Angel.— Rudolf. Ch. M. (Apr. 17.)— Moyses. Ab. M. (Aug. 28.)

24.)

24.)

24.)

— Constantine. Emp. (May 21.)

— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.)— Olaf. K.M. (July 29.)— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.)— Perpetua. M. (Mar. 7.)— Alexis. (July 17.)— Emmeran. M. (Sep. 22.)— John. Ab. (Mar. 30.)— Romnald. Ab. (Feb. 7.)— Sadoth. B.M. (Feb. 20.)— Angela. V. (May 31.)— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.)

— Martha. V. (July 29.)

— Joanna. Q. (May 24.)— John Baptist. (June 24.)Ibid.

St. Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)

Saints and their EmblemsLamb

—

continuedand locust, in his armsand palmat her feet, dove bringing a ringat her feet, sword in her handat her side

>j • • .

at his side

before her, dragon behinda bleeding lamb in her arms

^ it ti •

in her arms, sword in her throatleading it by a cordlily and book in her armson book in his handon book, and sword in her handscarrying a long feather, beside her

Lamp. {See also Lantern)book, and crown of roses

Divine hand lighting it with torchDivine hand pointing to it above himfalling from his hand, saint asleep

healing boy with oil from a lampin her hand

,, . • •

in his handlighted lamp in his handlighted, and cross, in his hand

Lance. {See also Spear)and arrow in his hand .

and shieldl

and sword

attacking Julian the Apostate with a lance

dagger, and arrow in his handsin his hand

if - '

or dart in his handor javelin in his hand .

pierced with a lance

pierced with lance in backSt. Mercurius appearing with lance

surmounted with the Labarumwith club at lower end of it

Lancespierced with three lances

two, crossed

Lanternand flask of oil in her hands

and mirror, in his hands

and open bookdevil blowing it out

in her handin his hand .

>. •

near him

Latheturner's, and tools near him

Lawyerbishop as a lawyer

St. John Baptist. (June 24.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)

Ibid.

Ibid.

St. Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.)

Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)~ V.M. (Sep. 7.)

V.M. (Jan. 21.)

Regina— Agnes.Ibid.

St. Agnes.— Ewald.— Agnes.— Barbara.

V. Abs. (Apr. 20.)

P.M. (Oct. 3.)

V.M. (Jan. 21.)

V.M. (Dec. 4.)

— Hiltrudis. V.— Anthelm. C.

Ibid.

St. Bernard. C.— Nilus. Ab.— Lucy. V.M.— Mildred. V.— Macarius. C.— Nilus. Ab.— Francis. C.

(Sep. 27.)

(June 26.)

(Mar. 12.)

(Sep. 26.)

(Dec. 13.)

Abs. (Feb. 20.)

(Jan. 2.)

(Sep. 26.)

(Oct. 4.)

Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.)

Michael. Archangel.Donatian. B.

Eulogius. P.M.Mercurius. M.Canute. K.M.Coronatus. M.Gerard. B.M.Germanus. Ab.Hippolytus. M.

(Oct. 14.)

(Mar. II.)

(Nov. 25.)

(Jan. 19.)

(N.D.)

(Sep. 24.)

M. (Feb.

(Aug. 13.)

21.)

— John. B.M. (June 26.)

Lambert. B.M.Longinus. M.Matthias. ApOswin. K.M.Thomas. Ap.Lambert. B.M.Genulph. B.C.

• Adalbert. Abp.Emmeran. M.

(Sep. 17.)

(Mar. 15.)

(Feb. 24.)

(Aug. 20.)

(Dec. 21.)

(Sep. 17.)

(Jan. 17.)

M. (Apr. 25.)

(Sep. 22.)

Basil. Abp. (June 14.)

Constantine. Emp. (May 21.)

Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.)

Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.)

Benignus. M. (Nov. i.)

— Mary of Cabeza. (n.d.)

— Gabriel. Archangel.

Sibylla Persica.

St. Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.)

Ibid.

St. Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.)

Solemnis. B. (Sep. 25.)

(Apr.

(Sep.

— Macarius. (Jan. 2.)

Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.)

Philogonius. B.C. (Dec. 20.)

189

Saints and their EmblemsLead

molten, poured in his mouth .

molten, poured over him

Leavesclothed with leaves

clothed with palm leaves

Legbare to thigh, in pilgrim's habitbare to thigh, in monastic habitcut off .

cut off at the thigh by executioner

Legswrapped in burning linen

Leopardsand lions round her

Lepercarrying Our Saviour disguised as leper

embracing a leper

receiving one from a boatwashing the feet of a leper

kneeling at her feet

Letterbrought him by dove . . . .

Lightfrom heaven falling on him

over a church near himray of light on bell, image of B.V. Mary inside

ray of light shining on himshining on him in a cavefrom a monstrance falling on her

Lightningangel protecting him from it .

striking idols near himstriking a temple near her

Lilyat her side ....and book in hand

and bowl of gold in his hand .

and church, in his handand discipline in his handsand heart in her hand .

and knotted cord, coronet at his feet .

and sceptre ....and sickle ....and veil (gold fringed)

at her feet, rays from stigmas in her handat his side, angel with book near him .

candidum lily in her handcross, and book, crown at her feet

cross, and rosary in his handdove, and bookgrowing out of his mouth in a grave .

in her handin her hand, as an abbess

in her hand, kneeling by sea

in her hand, with St. Henryin her hand

in his hand, and motto, " Satis est Domine satis est

in his hand, star on his breast

in his hand, star overheadin his hand, with St. Cunegundeslamb, and book in her hands .

190

St. Primus. M. (June 9.)— Erasmus. B.C. (June 2.)

— Onuphrius.— Paul. H.

H. (June 12.)

(Jan. 15.)

— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.)

— Hilarion. Ab. C. (June 6.)— Victorinus. M. (Feb. 25.)— Cobnan. M. (Oct. 13.)

— Edesius. M. (Apr. 8.)

— Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.)

— Ethbin. C. (Oct. 19.)— Agatho. Pope. (Jan. 10.)

— Julian. H. (n.d.)

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 39.)— Elizabeth of Hungary. (Nov. 19.)

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)

— Bede. C.— Ewald. M.— Laurence.— Peter. C.— Odo. O.P.— Posidonius.

(May 27.)

(Oct. 3.)

Abp. (Nov,

(Jan. 31.)

(N.D.)

B.C. (N.D.)

14.)

— Mary of Pazzi. V. (May 35.)

— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.)— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.)


St. Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Aloysius Gonzaga. C. (June 21.)— Margaret. V. (n.d.)— Elzear. Ct. C, (Sep. 27.)— Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. 10.)— Andrew. Ch. (July 12.)— Eustochium. V.M. (Sep. 28.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Philip. P.C. (May 26.)

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.)St. Margaret. V. (Jan. 28.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Columba. V. (May 20.)— William. C. (n.d.)— Clara. V. (Aug. 18.)— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.)— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.)— Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.)— Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.)— Casimir. Prince. (Mar. 4.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Nicholas. O.P. (n.d.)— Francis Xavier. S.J. (Dec. 3.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)

Ibid.

St. Henry. Emp. (July 15.)— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.)

Saints and their EmblemsLily—continued

palm, and javelin

presented to her by an angel .

two javelins, and palm in his handsand crown, encircling her wrist

Liliesand roses, issuing from his mouthshield charged with three Ulies

Limbscut off

Linenbrought him from heavenin her handburning, wrapped around his legs

Lionand bear, tied to pillar near herat her side

at her side, cross in her hand .

at her side, fire extinguished by rain

at her side, her hand in its mouthat her side, palm in her hand .

at his feet

,, ...at his side

at his side, leaping at his kneedigging her graveextracting thorn from foot of Hon

fawning, in the amphitheatre .

tearing himtrampling on a couchant lion

winged, at his side

Lionesstorn by, or at his side

Lionsand leopards, round her

beside themdigging his graveexposed to lions

ji

in a den of lions

in den of lions, fed by an angel

near him

two, digging his grave

Loaf. (See Bread)

Lockon his lips

Locustand lamb

Logon his shoulder

Loomnear himweaving at a loom

St. Philomena. V.M. (Aug. lo.)

— Lidwyna. V. (Apr. 14.)— Miniato. M. (Oct. 25.)

Bl. Isabel. V. (Aug. 31.)

St. Angelus. P.M.— Faustinus. M.— SimpUcius. M.

(May 5.)

(July 29.)

(July 29.)

— Basilissa. M. (Apr. 15.)— Emmeran. B.M. (Sep. 22.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.)— James Intercisus. M. (Nov. 27.)— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.)— Martha. V.M. (Feb. 23.)— Sabinus. B.M. (Dec. 30.)

Apollonius. B. (July 7.)

Sunna. (n.d.)

Edesius. M. (Apr. 8.)

— Blandina. V.M. (June 2.)— Natalia. W. (Sep. 8.)— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.)

Ibid.

St. Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.)— Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.)— Agapetus. Ch.M. (Aug. 18.)— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.)

Daniel. Pt.

St. Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.)— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.)— Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.)— Mark. Evan. (Apr. 25.)— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.)— Silvanus. B.M. (Feb. 20.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Mark. M. (Apr. 25.)

— Basil. (Mar. 2.)

— Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.)

Adrian and Eubulus. MM. (Mar. 5.)

(Jan. 15.)

M. (Aug. 18.)

B.M. (Feb. I.)

SSSt. Paul. H— Agapetus.— Ignatius.

Daniel. Pt.

St. Macarius. H. (n.d.)

— Primus & Companions. MM. (June 9.)— Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.)

Joel. Pt.

St. Venantius. Ab. (Oct. 13.)— Macarius. H. (n.d.)

— Raymond. C. (Aug. 31.)— John Nepomucen. (May 16.)

— John Baptist. (June 24.)

— Polycrosne. H. (n.d.)

— Severus. B. (Feb. i.)

— Athanasia. Abs. (Aug. 14.)— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.)

191

Saints and their EmblemsMallet

and board, outside his cell

Malletson ground ; saint tied to cross-shaped tree

Manbehind him, with hoe uplifted .

cutting his thigh off

dead man rising from gravekneeling before her, with broken fetters

leaning over a dead manrestoring a man killed by wolf

shooting an arrow at her

winged (emblem of St. Matthew) at his side

winged man (as an emblem)with sword, near her

MangerHoly Infant in it, appearing to him

in her handnear him

Manipleon left wrist, and book, saint as a monk

Mantleand crown near herarmour, sceptre, mitre and swordas a sail, in a boatB.V. Mary sheltering her from rain

children under her mantlecrossing a river on his mantle .

crossing the sea on his mantle .

dividing it between four boys .

dividing it with a beggardividing it, with sword.full of white roses

as a child, giving his mantle to the poorhanging from a sunbeam

of palm leaves

placed on a fire

protecting virgins under her mantlespreading it, on the groundstanding on it, on the sea

with fleur-de-lis (saint) crownedhanging on a tree, the saint digging

giving his mantle to a leper

Mantlesand caputia (wearing them)

Maskat her feet

Medallionhanging at her neckof Our Saviourwith I H S, in his hand

Menfour, bound on his backtrjdng to pluck out his eyes

two, kneeling before him

Miceon her distaff .

two, at her feet, devil near hertwo, climbing her crosier

St. Vubnar. Ab. (July 20.)

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)

— Rumbold. B.M. (July i.)— Colman. M. (Oct. 13.)— Stanislaus. B.M. (May 7.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Severus. B. (Apr. 30.)— Poppo. (Jan. 25.)— Christina. V.M. (July 14.)— Ambrose. B.C.Dr. (Apr. 4.)— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 21.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)

— Silvester. Ab. (n.d.)

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

Sibylla Cumana.St. Evaristus. B.M. (Oct. 26.)

— Piatus. P.M. (Oct. I.)

— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.)— Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.)— Ra3miond. C. (Jan. 23.)— Mary. R. (June 23.)— Waltrudis. Abs. (Apr. 9.)— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.)— Fintan. Ab. (Feb. 17.)— Thomas. B.C. (Sep. 18.)'^

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.)

Ibid.

St. Barachiel. Archangel.— Caesarius. B.C. (Aug. 27.)— Alruna. Abs. (n.d.)— Amabilis. P.C. (June 11.)— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.)— Eudeo. B.C. (July 7.)— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.)— Goar. P.C. (July 6.)— Gothard. B.C. (May 4.)— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.)— Lucanus. M. (Oct. 30.)— Paul. H. (Jan. 15.)— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 15.)— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.)— Alban. M. (June 22.)— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.)— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Calais. Ab. (July i.)— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.)

SS. Marana and Csrra. RR. (Aug. 3.)

St. Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— Pius. Pope. (July 11.)

— Moyses. Ab. M. (Aug. 28.)— Leo. Pope. (June 12.)— Amandus. B.C. (Feb. 6.)

—- Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.)

Ibid.

Ibid.

192

Saints and their EmblemsMillstone

and swordat her side, two arrows in her handin one scale, two men in the otherleft hand on it, rope through it

right hand on it

round her neckround her neck, in the seathrown into river with one tied to himtied to his neck"

Millstonesround their necks, thrown from a bridge

Mineworking in a mine

it • •

>j • • •

Mirrorin left hand, lantern in right ,

Mitreand crosier, at his feet

St. Victor. M. (July 21.)

— Christina. V.M. fjuly 24.)— Michael. Archangel.— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Florian. M. (May 4.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.)— Quirinus. B.M. (Jan. 4.)— Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 14.)

SS. Crispin and(Oct. 25.)

St

Crispinian. MM.

II.)

and sword, at his feet

and tiara, before him .

and triple cross, anchor in his handat his feet, and palm .

at his feet, above him a lamp. Divine handat his feet, kneehng before executioner

armour, mantle, sceptre and swordas an Augustine monk, with mitreas a Benedictine, with mitre .

book, and pastoral staff

cope, scourge and cross

as a Dominican, with open book and mitre

in his hand, with upper part of head in it, the other

part in situ ....near him ....on the groundpresented to him by St. Gregoryreceiving it from St. Boniface .

standing between mitre and a suit of armoursupported in air, near himat his side, saint writing

Mitreson a book .....one on his head, two on book .

three at his feet, I H S within circle of rays in his right

hand....••Model

of a bridge, in his handof Bamberg Cathedral, in his handof a burning house, in his handof a city, in his hand .

of city of Ascoli, in his hand .

of city of Bologna, in his handof city of Foligni, in his hand . .

of city of Modena ; angel presenting it

of a church ; saint presenting it to Christ

of church of Jerusalem, in her hand .

of church of Lorsch, in his cloak

of church of Utrecht, in his hand

of " Ecclesia de Estderham " in her hand

of Ely Cathedral, in her hand .

of a monastery, in his hand

of Whitby Abbey, in her hand

Monasteriestwo in the distance ; River Tyne near him

2B 193

Paphnutius. B.C. (Sep.— Polianus. M. (Sep. 10.)— Nemesianus. B.M. (Sep. 10.)

— Gabriel. Archangel.

— Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.)— Macarius. B.C. (Apr. 10.)— Rudesind. B.C. (Mar. i.)

— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.)— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— Cyprian. B.M. (Sep. 16.)

pointing to it — Anthelm. B.C. (June 26.)

Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.)

Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.)

Frigidian. B. (Mar. 18.)

Herculanus. B.M. (Mar. i.)

Ceadda. B. (Mar. 2.)

Ambrose. D. (Apr. 4.)

Albert. C. (Nov. 15.)

Dionysius.

Adamnan.Maglovius.Alexander.Adolar. B.

Agapetus.Goar. B.C

B.M. (Oct. 9.)

Ab. (Sep. 23.)

B.C. (Oct. 24.)

B.M. (Aug. II.)

(n.d.)

M. (Aug. 18.)

(N.D.)

— Nicholas. B.C. (May 9.)

— Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.)— Maternus. B.C. (Sep. 18.)

— Bernardin. C. (May 20.)

— Gonsalvo. P.C. (Jan. 10.)— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)— Luglus. B.M. (Oct. 23.)— Richard. B.C. (June 9.)— Emygdius. B.M. (Aug. 5.)— Petronius. B.C. (Oct. 4.)— Felician. B.M. (Jan. 24.)— Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.)— Eucherius. B. (Dec. 8.)— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.)— Nazarius. M. (July 28.)

Willebrord.

Withburga.Etheldreda.Dominic. CDomnolius.Romuald.Hilda. V.

Abp. (Nov. 7.)

V. (Mar. 17.)

Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)

(Aug. 4.)

B.C. (May 16.)

Ab. (Feb. i.)

Abs. (Nov. 17.)

Benedict. Ab. (Jan. 12.)

Saints and their EmblemsMoney

a coin in his hand

and cross, in his handsaint in a cave full of moneycollecting money in a dish

counting moneydrawn from water with his crosier

a hand giving him seven coins from heavenon a table at his side

throwing it into a river

bowl of money and lily in his hands .

bag of money in handit II • " •

Money Bagsnear him ....one, or three, in his hand

Money Boxhanging at his necktriple, chained in his hand

Monkexorcising a monkwoman ckessed as a monk

II ti ' * '

with a child on her arm

Monksan angel touching monks with rod near himascending to heaven by ladder near himbuilding church near himpreaching to monks

preaching to monks, in a cell

teaching monks

Monogram. {See Motto)

Monstranceand torch in her handsan angel presenting it to saint

carried by two angels before himheld conjointly with St. Norbertin her hand

in his hand

in his hand, tears on his cheekskneeling before it

presented to him by Emp. Charlemagnerays from it, falling on herrays from it, on her heart

Mooncrescent moon underfoot, sun overheadangel showing her a crescent moon

Mooras a Moor

as a Moor, with banner and shield

preaching to a Moorish sultan

Moorish prince kneeling to himtrampling on a Moor .

Moorsaround him

trampling on them

St. Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. la.)

— Philip. Ap. (May i.)

lUd.St. Gumtramnus. K.C. (Mar. 25.)— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.)— Launomar. Ab. (Jan. 19.)— Rodingus. Ab. (Sep. 17.)— Maieul. Ab. (May 11.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.)— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.)— Mathilda. Q. (Mar. 14.)— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)

— John. C. (Mar. 8.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. ai.)

— Anselm. Abp. (Apr. 21.)— Euphros3nie. V. (Jan. i.)— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.)— Marina. V. (June 18.)

Achard. Ab. (Sep. 15.)- Romuald. Ab. (Feb. 7.)

Othmar. Ab. (Nov. 16.)

Egbert. Mk. C. (Apr. a4.)

Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.)

Remaclus. B.C. (Sep. 3.)

Mamertinus. C. (n.d.)

Mederic. P. Ab. (Aug. 29.)

— Barbara.— Monica.— Norbert.— Michael.— Thomas.— Clara. V,

V.M. (Dec. 4.)

W. (May 4.)

Abp. (June 6.)

C. (May 23.)

Dr.C. (Mar. 7.)

Abs. (Aug. la.)

5.)— JuUana. V. Abs. (Apr.— Bonaventure. B.C.D.— Zephyrius. Pope. (Aug. 26.)— William. Abp. (Jan. 10.)— Walburgis. V. (Feb. 25.)— Sola. H. (Dec. 3.)— Mary. V. (May 25.)— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.)

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.)St. Juhana. V. (Apr. 5.)

Adrian.

Moyses.Victor.

MauriceFrancis.

Ferdinand. KBarbara. "V.M.

Pancras.

Catherine

Abp. (Jan. 19.)

Ab. M. (Aug. 28.)

M. (May 8.)

M. (Sep. 22.)

C. (Oct. 4.)

(May 30.)

(Dec. 4.)

M. (May 12.)

V.M. (Nov. 25.)

Raymond. Card. (Aug. 31.)Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.)

Optatus. B.C. (June 4.)

194

Saints and their EmblemsMortar

bruised in a mortax

Motto" Ascendit ad Coelos, sedit ad dexteram Dei Patris

omnipotentis"

"Ave Maria " (on a lily, in his mouth)" Carnis resurrectionem " (on a scroll) .

" Charitas " (appearing to hun)" Cras. Cras " (on scroll from a raven's mouth, saint

trampling on it) .

" Credo in Deum Patrem omnipotentem " (on a book)" Credo in Deum Patrem omnipotentem creatorem coeli in

terrae " (on a scroll)...." Credo in Spiritum Sanctum " (on a scroll)" Credo " (writing it in blood on the ground) .

" Deo gratias " (on a sack on his shoulder)" Deponet dominus omnes iniquitates vestras "

.

" Descendit ad inferna tertia die resurrexit a mortuis(on a scroU) .....

" Deus dixit en filius meus es tu, ego hodie genui te " (on

a scroll) ....." Doctor Mellifluus " (on a scroll)" Ecce Virgo concipiet et pariet Filium " (on a scroll)" Ecclia de Estderham " (on church in her hiand)" Educam vos de Sepulchris vestris popule meus " (on

scroll) ...." Eris in pesto paironus " (on a scroll)

" Et accedam ad vos in judicio et era testis velox" (on

a scroll) ...." Et erit reguum Dni. Amen " (on scroll)

" Et in Jesum Christum Filium ejus unicum Dominumnostrum " (on a scroll)

" Et vitam eternam. Amen" (on a scroll)

" Eum odium habueris dimitte " (on a scroll)

" Gloria Patri " (on a screen in his hand)" Hodie " (on a small cross)" Inde venturus est judicare vivos et mortuos " (on scroll)

"IHS" (on his lips)

" I H S " (on a medallion) in his hand .

" I H S " on a tablet, in his hand" I.N.R.I " (on a board)" I.N.R.I " (on a cross) . . .

" In valle Josaphat judicahit omnes gentes"

" Invocahuntur omnes eum et servient ei " (on a scroll)

" Meia Paros " (on her dress) .

" mors, ero mors tua; ero morsus tuus infernel

(on a scroll) ....." Opifer " on scroll, saint crowned" 0eoToyto9 " (on a tablet in her hand) .

" Passus est sub Pontio Pilato crucifixus, mortuus

sepultus " (on a scroll) .. .

•,,

" Paler manufestari nomentum hominibus"

" Patrem invocabitis qui fecit et condidit Coelos " (on a

scroll) . . • •.

•

" Post Sex " (above a young Emperor) near him" Qui conceptus est de Spiritu Sancto natus ex Maria

Virgine " (on a scroll)

" Qui edificat in caelum ascensionem " (on a scroll)

" Remissionen peccatorum " (on a scroll)

" Scs Sis Scs " (on scroUs) . • •

" Sanctam Ecclesiam Cathohcam Sanctorum Com-

munionem " {on scr6\l) • • •

" Satis est Domine satis est " (and holdmg a lily)

"Silvester . . . see me tua salva pee " {iemale mth scvoU.)

" Spes, Fides, Charitas " (on his breast)

" Suscitabo filios tuos" -...:„, „>

'' Timete Deum, quia veniet hora judtctt e^us (on a scroll)

" Verbum caro factum " (on her heart) .

Mounds ^ ^ ,

three, surmounted by banner, figure ansmg out of a

crown . • •,. ./

three, surmounted by a cross (m the curve

crosier) . • • • •

'195

et

of his

St. Victorinus. M. (Feb, 25.)

— James. Ap. (May i.)— William of Montpellier. (n.d.)— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.)

— Expeditus.— Paul. Ap.

M.M.

(Apr. 19.)

(Jime 30.)

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.)— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.)— FeUx. O.M.C. (May 21.)

Micaiah.

St. Thomas. Ap. (Dec. 21.)

David. Pt.

St. Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.)

St. Withburge. V. (July 8.)

Daniel. Pt.

St. Roch. C.

Zephaniah. Pt.

Abdias. Pt.

(Aug. 16.)

30.)

21.)

St. Andrew. Ap. (Nov.— Matthew. Ap. (Sep.

Malachy. Pt.

St. Damasus. Pope. C. (Dec.— Expeditus. M. (Apr. 19.)— Philip. Ap. M. (May i.)— Peter. C. (Aug. 2.)— Pius I. Pope. (July 11.)— Bernardin. C. (May 20.)— Louis. B. (Aug. 19.)— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)

Joel. Pt.

Michaiah. Pt.

Sibylla Cumana.

Hosea. Pt.

St. Walstan. C. (May 30.)— Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. 10.)

II.)

— John. Evan.— Bernadin. C.

Jeremiah. Pt.

St. Wolfgang. B.

— James. Ap.Amos. Pt.

St. Simon. Ap.Seraphim.

(Dec. 27.)

(May 20.)

(Oct. 31.)

(July 25.)

(Oct, a8.)

St. Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.)— Francis. S.J. (Dec. 3.)— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.)— WilUbald. B. (July 7.)

Zacharias. Pt.

St. Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Mary. V. (May 25.)


lUd.

Saints and their EmblemsMountain

before him in a cloud

Mouthpointing to his mouth, tongueless

his finger on his mouth

a padlock on his lips

Musicwriting in a book of musicinstruments of music near her .

Nailheld in her handheld in her hand over cup, hammer belowheld in his handholding a large nail

in her foot

in his headin his head and handthrough his hands, and into his head

Nailedto a V-shaped frameto stakes ....through forehead to stake

Nailsbody pierced with nails

feet, hands and head pierced with nails

forging nails from arrowsheld in her handheld in his handholding heart surmounted by nails

holding pincers and nails

holding three nails

holding three, and cornucopia .

holding three, and cross bannerholding three, spear, and pilgrim's staff

holding two, knife in his side .

holding two, piercing a flaming heartpierced all over with nails

piercing his headpiercing his head and handspiercing his shoulders, hands in stocks

three, piercing his head and right hand, hammer in left

through shoes of metal. ....Naked

and boiled in a cauldron

and bound to a tree

to the waist, pierced with arrows

Napkinwith stones in it, in his hands .

strangled by two women with a napkin

Neckkerchief around her necksword through her neck, on a p3rre

sword through his neck

three wounds in her neckwound in her neck, dagger in hand

Necklacetaking it oft, mask at her feet .

Needlesand chain scourge, in his hands

196

St. Nonnosus. Ab. (Sep. 2.)

— Placidus. Ab. (Oct. 5.)— John Nepomucen. M. (May 16.)— Romuald. Ab. (Feb. 7.)— John the Silent. (May 13.)— John Nepomucen. M. (May 16.)— Raymond. Card. (Aug. 31.)

— Ceadmon. Mk. (Feb. 11.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

— Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.)— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.)— Epimachus. M. (n.d.)

— Dionysius. M. (July 27.)— Zenaida. R. (Oct. 11.)— Julian. M. (June 9.)— Severus. B.M. (Nov. 6.)— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) .||

— Andrew. Ap. M. (Nov. 30.) j|— Claudius and Companions. (Aug. 23.)— Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.)

— Piatus. P.M. (Oct. I.)— Philomenus. M. (Nov. 29.)— Otto. B.C. (July 2.)— Fausta. M. (Sep. 20.)— Chlodulf. B.C. (Junes.)— Macarius. B.C. (Apr. 16.)

Sibylla Libya.St. Clara. V. (Aug. 18.)

Sibylla Cimmeria.St. Loviis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)

Ihid.

St. William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)— Robert. C. (n.d.)— Alexander. Pope. (May 3.)— Gemellus. M. (Dec. 10.)— Severus. B.M. (Nov. 6.)— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)— William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 3.)

—• Exuperantius. M. (Dec. 30.)

|— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)

SS. Fehx and Regula. MM. (Sep. 11.)

St. Exuperantius. M. (Dec. 30.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.)

Stephen.Alkelda.

D.M.V.M.

(Dec. 26.)

(n.d.)

— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.)— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)'— Aquilinus. M. (n.d.)— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.)— CeciUa. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

— Ferreolus. P.M. (June 16.)

Saints and their EmblemsNegro. {See also Moor)

in Franciscan habit, flaming heart in his hand

Nettlesin his hand . . . . ,

Nosegayin her handin his hand

of roses ; Holy Infant in centre

Nunas a nun

carrying a stone ....in prison .....of the third Order of St. Francis . \

Vallambrosian nun, serpents feeding from her basketwith royal insignia ....Cistercian nun, blind ....

Oarin his hand

Oildropping from her handchanging water into oil for church lampshealing a boy with oil from a church lamp

Orb. {8ee Globe and Mound)Organ

angel plashing it, saint singing .

Organspair of, in her hand, angel blowing them

Organ-pipesin their hands....in her hand ....

Ottersserving him, or at his feet

Ovenburnt in an oven

canying faggots to an ovencleaning it, with her sleeves

heated oven, near her .

heated oven, near him>i it

saving a child from an ovenworking at an ovendrawing hot coals with her hands from oven

Oxat his side

and horse, with harrow near himnear her

near her, crosier

near himand book in her hand

sewn up in the skin of an oxwinged ox, beside him .

St. Benedict. C. (Apr. 3.)

— John of Urtica. C. (n.d.)

— GennEiine. V. (June 15.)— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.)— Maruhus. O.P. (n.d.)— Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.)— Rose. V. (Aug. 30.)

— Adalsendis. V.— Nothber^a. V.— Euphrasia. V.— Margaret. T.— EUzabeth. Q.— Verdiana. V.R.Edith. V.Lutgardis.

(Dec. 25.)

(Sep. 14.)

(Mar. 13.)

(Feb. 3.)

(July 8.)

(Feb. I.)

(Sep. 16.)

V. (June 16.)

— Julian Hospitator. (n.d.)— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)

Noah.St. Simon. M. (Oct. 28.)

— Walburgis.— Narcissus.— Nilus. Ab.

V. Abs. (Feb. 25.)B. (Oct. 29.)

(Sep. 26.)

— CeciUa. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

lUd.

Angels.

St. Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.)

Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.)Victor. M, (May 8.)

HeUadius. B. (Jan. 8.)

Anstrebertha. V. (Feb. 10.)

Theodota. V.M. (Aug. 2.)

Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.)

Januarius. B.M. (Sep. 19.)

Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.)

Paul. B. (Feb. 8.)

Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.)

Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.)• Guido. C. (Sep. 12.)

Blandina. V.M. (June 2.)

JuUtta. V.M. (July 30.)• Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.)

Tryphaena. W.M. (Nov. 10.)

Frideswide. V. (Oct. 19.)

Eugenius. B.M. (Mar. 4.)

Guido. C. (Sep. 12.)

Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.)

Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.)

Medard. B. (June 8.)

Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.)

Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.)

197

Saints and their EmblemsOxen

and dog, near himat his feet

near her, book and hoe in her handsnear himtwo, near him .

two, yoked to her

Padlockon his Ups

>» • *

Painting Pictureswhilst seized by executioners .

with his hands burned

Paint-boxand brush

Palacecelestial, appearing to him

Palliumas a friar, wearing the palliimi

receiving the pallixun from St. Peter

Palmand book in her hand .

and book, saint crownedand book, encircled by three crownsand book, saint in dalmatic

), J) •

and book, with her seven sons

and broken halter in her handand chained bear near her

and church of Lorsch, in his handsand crucifix

and dagger

ft • •

and Holy Water stoup

and long bodkinand ring

and small cross, with motto, " Hodie"

and spear

and staff

and sword

and sword (as Greek bishop), books underfoot

and sword, carried by angels to heavenand torch

and tower in her handand vial, crownedbanner, and cross

branches sprout

in her handJt

in his hand

ng from his neck, head

in his hand, and chained devil

in his hand, carrying his headin his hand, church struck by lightning

in his hand, in armourin his head, head gashedin his left hand, chahce and Host in right

hly, and javelin

lily, and two javeUns

and mitre, at his feet

roses, and apples

shield, and spear

tooth, and pincers

with cluster of dates, and standard of the Crosswith three crowns on it

wreath of flowers, and crown

PalmsRoman of&cers holding palmstwo, in his hand

198

in his hand

St. Wendelin. H. (Oct. 21.)

— Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.)

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.)— Etto. B.C. (July 10.)

— Gabinus. P.M. (Feb. 19.)— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.)— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)

— Ra3miond. Card. (Aug. 31.)— John Nepomucen. M. (May 16.)

— Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.)

— Andrew. M. (Oct. 17.)— Lazarus. M. (Feb. 23.)

— Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.)

— Deusdedit. C. (Aug. 10.)

— Antoninus, Abp. C. (May 10.)— Leo. Pope. (June 12.)

— Catherine. V.M.— Blida. (n.d.)

(Nov. 25.)

— Angelus— Gervasius.— Protasius.— FeUcitas.— Syra. V.— Columba.— Nazirius.— Laurence.— Agnes. V.M.— Bibiana. V.M— Ubaldesca. V.— Simon. Ch. M— Barbara. V.M.— Expeditus. M.— Barbara.— Catherine.— Donatus.— Susanna.

Cyprian

P.M. (May 5.)

M. (June 19.)

M. (June 19.)

W.M. (July 10.)

(June 8.)

V.M. (Sep. 17.)

(N.D.)

D. (Aug. 10.)

(Jan. 21.)

(Dec. 2.)

(N.D.)

(May 24.)

(Dec. 4.)

(Apr. 19.)

(Dec. 4.)

(Nov. 25.)

(Aug. 7.)

(Aug. II.)

(Sep.

V.M.V.MB.M.V.M.M 26.)— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.)— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.)

Ibid.

Principalities.

St. Pancras. M. (May 12.)— Ursicinus. B.M. (Aug. 14.)— Rhoda. (n.d.)

— Sexburga. Q. Abs. (July 6.)— Cosmas. M. (Sep. 27.)— Cyr. M. (June 16.)— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.)

Boninsegnis. C. (n.d.)— Donatus. M— Hippolytus.— Peter. O.P.— Robert. Ab— Philomena.

(June 30.)

M. (Aug. 13.)

(Apr. 29.)

. C. (Apr. 24.)

V.M. (Aug. 10.)— Miniato. M. (Oct. 25.)— Cyprian. B.M. (Sep. 16.)— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)— Gercon. M. (Oct. 10.)— ApoUonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.)— Ansanus. M. (Dec. i.)— Vereranda. V.M. (Nov. 14.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

— Sergius and Companions. (Oct. 17.)— Guido. C. (Sep. la.)

Saints and their EmblemsPan

of milk, in her hand, cow at her^sidesmall earthen pan, near her

Papertearing a paper from the door of a templethrowing a paper into the fire

with writing on it, falling from heaven

Peacocknear him .....

Peal (Baker's)in his hand .....

,, .....Pear

in her hand .....Pen

and book .....and books in his hands, three books at his side

hand reaching him one....in his hand .....

,, .....Pen Case

inkhom and book ....Pestle

and mortar .....Physicians .....Pickaxe

in his hand

Pictureof B.V. Mary and Child in handin his hand ....of the B.V. Mary, in his hand .

of the Crucifixion, in her handof the Last Judgment, in his handof Our Saviour, in his handpainting a picture of B.V. Marypainting a picture of the Crucifixion .

presenting an apple to picture of B.V. Mary

painting, with burnt handsseized whilst painting a picture

Picturesof saints around him .

Piercedby arrow or javelin

by lance in backby sword . . • •

• • • •

• " •

by sword, in the back .

by three arrows

by two swords . *• i."

through knee by arrow, hind agamst hxm

with stake . . • •

Piercinga dragon . • • •

dragon with spear, saint m armour

three-headed dragon with spear

Pigwith bell on its neck .

St. Bridget. W. Abs. (Feb. i.)

— Sylvia. Pen, (n.d.)

— John. M. (Jan. 31.)— Willibald. B. (July 7.)— Lupus. B.C. (Sep. i.)

— Liborius. B. (July 23.)

— Aubert. B.C. (Dec. 13.)— Honorius. B.C. (Sep. 30.)


St. Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)— Angus. Ab. C. (Mar. 11.)— Basil. B.C.Dr. (June 14.)— Bede. C. (May 27.)— Leander. B.C. (Feb. 27.)

— Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.)

SS. Cosmas and Damian. M. (Sep. 27.)

St. Luke. Ap. (Oct. 18.)— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)


St. Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.)

— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.)— Methofius. Patr. (June 14.)— John. C. (Nov. 24.)— Amalberga. W. (July 10.)— Methodius. Abp. (Dec. 22.)— John. Ab. (July 12.)— Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.)— Catherine of Bologna. V. Abs.(Mar. 9.)— Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.)— Lazarus. Mk. C. (Feb. 23.)— Andrew. M. (Oct. 17.)

— Tarasius. Patr. (Feb. 25.)

— Evergislas. B.M. (Oct. 24.)— Emmeran. M. (Sep. 22.)— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.)— Tusca. V.M. (Feb. 13.)— Maura. V.M. (Feb. 13.)— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)

— Frederick. B.M. (July 18.)

— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.)

— Benjamin. Dn. M. (Mar. 31.)

— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.)

— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.)


Pile. {See Pyre)199

Saints and their EmblemsPilgrim

with a coin in his handwith crucifix staff

as a pilgrim

asleep under staircase

with crown at his feet

a dog licking wound on his leg

leading a girl .

in man's clothes

Our Saviour as a pilgrim, his feet washed by saint

with plague-spot on his leg, dog with loaf

with a staff, gourd and wallet, rope round his neckwith rope in his hand .

with staff, trampling on dragonwith two companions .

a woman near, pouring out waterin white habit, crucifix on her knees

Pilgrimspra3dng at his tombthree, with beartwo, giving ring to saint

Pilgrim's Staff. {See Staff)

Pillarheld up by angel, saint prajring

living on a pillar

near heron a pillar

restoring broken piUarscourged at a pillar

seated on it

supporting it .

tied to it, a lion and bear near hertied to it, and scourgedtied to it

standing between two pillars

Pillar of Lightabove himbefore himpillars of light above him

Pincersand nails, in her hand .

devils tormenting her with pincers

holding his eyeballs

in her hand

in his handred-hot pincers

near himwith tooth, in her handwith tongue, in his handin his handseizing the devil with his pincers

Pistolwith crucifix in place of barrel

Pitmuddy pit near him ....thrown into a pit .

)» • t • •

Pitchpoured on his head, at the stake . ,

Pitcher. {See also Ewer)and loaf .....and loaves .....and two fishes in dish....

200

St. Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.)— Jodoc. H. (Dec. 13.)— Fridolin. Ab. (Mar. 6.)

— James. Ap. (July 25.)— Raphael. Archangel.— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.)— Alexis. C. (July 17.)— Richard. K.C. (Feb. 7.)— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.)

— Paula. W. (Jan. 26.)

— Hildegund. V. (Apr. 20.)

— Augustine. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.)

— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.)— Colman. Ab. C. (Sep. 26.)

— Colman. M. (Oct. 13.)— Willebold. Ct. C. (Nov. 2.)

— Patricia. V. (Aug. 25.)— Veronus. C. (n.d.)

— Maxentia. V. (Nov. 20.)

— Henry. H. (Jan. 16.)— Remedius and Companions.— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.)

(N.D.)

— Christiana. (Dec. 15.)— Daniel. H. (Dec. 11.)— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.)— Simeon Stylites. H. (Jan. 5.)— Walfroy. C. (n.d.)

— Angilbert. Ab. (Feb. 18.)— Bibiana. V.M. (Dec. 2.)— Theodulus. H. (May 28.)— Bartholomew. Ab. (Nov. 11.)— Blandina. V.M. (June 2.)— Apollonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.)— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.)— Athanasius. B.C.Dr. (May 2.)

— Brioch. B.C. (May i.)— Ephrem. Dr.C. (July 9.)— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.)

Sibylla Libyca.— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)— Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.)— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)— Macra. V.M. (Jan. 6.)— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.)— Pelagius. M. (June 26.)" "

" C. (Feb. 27.)

B.M. (Feb. 9.)

B.M. (Nov. 12.)

B.C. (May 19.)

— Galmier.— Apollonia.— Livinus.— Dunstan.Ibid.

St. Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)

— Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.)— Symphorosa. M. (July 8.)— Vitalis. M. (Apr. 28.)

— Cyriacus. M. (Aug. 8.)

— Paul. B.C. (Mar. 12.)

Abdias. Pt.


Saints and their EmblemsPitcher—continued

as a Carmelite with pitcherholding it up, light from heaven on himin a basketin his hand

near himof water, near him

Pitchforkpushed from rock with pitchfork

Plan. {See also Model)in her hand, men at workin his handof Camerino, in his hand

Plantswatering them .

Ploughdrawn by stags

t}

held by angel .

in his handyy •

drawn by twelve stagsdrawn by eight stags .

drawn by two stagsdrawn by a deer and a wolf

Ploughsharein her hand, walking on othersred-hot, in her handred-hot, walking over it

Pointingto his mouth, tongueless

Pomegranatewith cross at top, in his hand

Potof wax, held in flames

Potsherdsaround them .

l3dng on potsherdslying on potsherds, in prison .

Prayingat a church door, by night

at a well

before a church, city on fire

before crucifix, dragon behind himby bodies of martyrs .

in a cavenear a battle

pillar upheld by angel, saint praying

Priestexhorting her . . . . ,

appearing to him . . . ,

Prieststwo elevating Host at her side, dove overhead

Preachingdevils nearfrom an eminencefrom a pulpit

to fishes

to frogs

to monks

to sheep

2C

St. Thomassus. C. (n.d.)

— Bade. C. (May 27.)— Joanna. W. (May 24.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Romanus. M. (Aug. 9.)— Agatho. H.M. (May 8.)— Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.)

— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)

— Hieraetha. (July 8.)— Domnohus. B. (May 16.)— Venatius. M. (May 18.)

— Silvanus. M. (Oct. 16.)

— Robert of Dale Abbey, (n.d.)— Ecian. B.C. (Feb. 11.)— Isidore. C. (Jan. 15.)— Exuperius. B. (Sep. 28.)— Richard. B.C. (Apr. 3.)— Leonoras. B.C. (July i.)— Kenan. C. (Nov. 24.)— Kentigern. B.C. (Jan. 13.)Ibid.

St. Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.)— Richarda. Abs. (n.d.)— Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.)

— Placidus. Ab. (Oct. 5.)

— John of God. C. (Mar. 6.)

— Aldetrudis. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.)

SS. Justa and Rufina. VV. MM.(July 19.)

St. Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.)— Lucian. B.M. (Jan. 7.)

— Casimir. C. (Mar. 4.)— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.)— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.)— Servatus. B.C. (May 13.)•— Serapia. M. (Sep. 3.)— Barlaam. M. (Nov. 19.)— Rembert. Abp. C. (Feb. 4.)— Christiana. V. (Dec. 15)

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)— ApoUinaris. (Aug. 23.)

— Hilda. V. Abs. (Nov. 17.)

— Stephen. B.C. (Sep. 7.)— Peregrinus. (n.d.)

— Albinus. M. (Mar. i.)— Antony. C. (June 13.)— Herve. H. (June 17.)— Egbert. Mk. C. (Apr. 24.)— Mamertius. C. (n.d.)

— Odilo. Ab.— Remaclus.— ApoUinaris.

(Jan. I.)

B.C. (Sep. 3.)

B.M. (July 23.)

201

Saints and their EmblemsPreaching

—

continuedto the Courtto the poor

to birds

to a sultanfrom a wagon, bearing the stigmata

Precipicethrowing broken chains from it

thrown from one, into the sea .

Presentingan apple, to picture of the B.V. Maryan angel, to Valerian .

a habit, to St. William of Aquitainehis heart, to B.V. Marya shrine, to K. Dagoberta slipper, to an emperorSS. Peter and ApoUonaris presenting him to Pope

Sistus III. .....Prince

baptizing a prince ....Moorish prince kneeling to himpreaching to Moorish prince

Princessin background ; broken spear and dragon at his feet

kissing his robe ....teaching a princess to read

Prisonin prison chainedat window of prison

bars, saint seen through themchained, in prisondelivered from prison .

in prison, brealang idols

with doors openfed by angel in prison

praj^ng in prison

delivered from prison by St. Nicholas

Prisonersrelieving them from their chains

relieving them from chains, by asperging

Pulpitin a pulpit

lecturing from it

preaching from it

Purgatorycontemplating it ... .

prajnng Malcolm, her husband, out of purgatorysouls released by him from purgatory .

Pursein his hand

brought him by an angelsceptre, and ring

Pursesthree, at his feet ....three, in his hand ....

Pyrebound to wooden pyredragon burning on it .

holding stake on it .

202

St. Mary Mag. (July 32.)— Chlodulf. B.C. (Junes.)— Paulinus. B. (June 22.)— Fiacre. H. (Aug. 30.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

Ibid.

Ibid.

St

Saints and their EmblemsPyre

—

continuednear him

>• •

near him, dove over it

on flaming pyre, sword through her neckonit .

on it, holding swordrain extinguishing it

singing, upon it

walking through pyrePyx

in his hand (as Franciscan friar)

Quarryworking in a quarry |.

Queenforbidding a queen to enter monastery

Quiverof arrows, in his hand

Backchained to it .

Isring covered with snow before it

stretched on it

Rainobtaining rain by prayer

Raising to Lifean ass .

a boy .

a child

a child in cradle

a man, before a judgea man, from gravean executed mana rich pagan's sonhorses .

a widow's son .

a drowned youth>i •

theMead

a monk, horseman near hima man, killed by a wolf

Rakein his handor woolcomb, in his hand

Ravenat his feet

at his side

bringing him foodbringing him a letter and gold boxbringing him a loaf

carrying away a fish

devil as raven stealing his breaddriving wild beasts from his bodyfinding his headguiding himhovering over saint, his legs and armson a millstone .

on a stick in his hand .

trampling on a ravenwith ring in its beak, near her .

on a ciboriima, in his hand

chopped off

St. ApoUonius. M. (Apr. 5.)— Theodore T3rro. M. (Nov. 9.)— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.)— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)— Aristion. M. (Oct. 17.)— Nicetas. M. (Sep. 15.)— Augusta. V.M. (Mar. 27.)— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.)— Fructuosus. B.M. (Jan. 21.)— Peter Igneus. B.C. (n.d.)

— Bonaventura. B.C.D. (July 14.)

— Nemesianus. B.M. (Sep. 10.)— Paphnutius. B.C. (Sep. 11.)— Pouanus. M. (Sep. 10.)

— Theotontius. P.C. (Feb. 18.)

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)

— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.)— Eulaha. V.M. (Feb. 12.)— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.)— Nestor. B.M. (Feb. 27.)— Vincent. M. (June 9.)

— Heribert. B.C. (Mar. 16.)

— Germanus. B. (July 31.)— Valentine of Terracina. B.C.— Bassian. B.C. (Jan. 19.)— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. la.)— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.)— Hilary. B.C. (Jan. 13.)— Antony. C. (June 13.)— Fridohn. Ab. (Mar. 6.)— Amandus. B.C. (Feb. 6.)— Abundius. B.C. (Apr. 2.)— Fechin. Ab. (Jan. 20.)— Ssrrus. B. (Sep. 12.)— Ceslas. C. (July 20.)— Mansuetus. B.C. (Sep. 3.)— lUidius. B.C. (Junes.)— Martial. B.C. (June 30.)— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.)— Poppo. Ab, (Jan. 25.)

— Isidore. C. (May 10.)— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— ApoUonaris B.M. (July 23.)— Venerus. H. (n.d.)

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)— Paul. H. (Jan. 15.)— Arnoald. B. (July 18.)— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Auxentius. M. (Dec. 13.)— WilUam. P.H. (Apr. 24.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. ai.)— Expeditus. M. (Apr. 20.)— Ida. Cts. (Nov. 3.)

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)

208

Saints and their EmblemsRavens

pursuing his murdererstwo, piloting ship with his relics

Raysdarted on his face

descending on himof glory, round his headof gold, from his left handfrom a star, descending on himfrom a crucifix, to the saint's hands, feet and side

Razorin his hand .....open, on book ....

Razorscut with .....

Reaping hookcutting corn with it .

,, ....Reed

and sponge, in her handreeds thrust under his nails

Refusinga rich robe .....a queen to enter monasteryto sacrifice to Bacchus

Relicshis rehcs passing a tree which bursts into blossom

Reliquaryin his hand

Rescuedfrom drowning, by angel

Rescuinga drowning mana sinking ship .

Restoring. {See also Healing)a broken pillar, by blessing it

a horse to life .

a lunatic

a mad womana man's hand cut off .

sight to a blind man .

sight to blind mensight to a blind noblemansight to blind persons .

sight to a girl .

sight to her mother

RingB.V. Mary presenting it to him

and palmand staff, staircase near himOur Saviour placing a ring on her hand

giving it to two pilgrims

in fish's mouthin her hand

in his hand

St. Meinrad. H.M. (Jan. 21.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)

— Alphonso. B.C. (Aug. 2.)

Bl. Odo of Ghent, (n.d.)

St. Demetrius of Spoleto. C. (n.d.)

Bl. John. C. (n.d.)

St. John. C. (Oct. 23.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

— Pamphilus. P. (June i.)

— Landric. B.C. (June 10.)

— Epimachus. M. (Dec. 12.)

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.)

Sibylla Agrippa.St. Boniface. M. (May 14.)

— Aphraates. H. (Apr. 7.)— Theotontius. P.C. (Feb. 18.)— Auxentius. B. (Dec. 18.)

— Firminus. B.C. (Sep. 26.)— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.)

— Solemnis. B. (Sep. 25.)

— Authimius. M. (Apr. 27.)

— Opportuna. V. Abs. (Apr. 22.)— Castor. P.C. (Feb. 13.)

— Angilbert. Ab. (Feb. 18.)— Segni. B.C. (n.d.)— Conrad. B.C. (Nov. 26.)— Anatolia. M. (July 9.)— Deodatus. B.C. (June 19.)— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.)— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.)— Terentius. M. (Apr. 10.)— Vedast. B. (Feb. 6.)— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.)— Simeon. H.C. (July i.)— Maclovius. B.C. (Nov. 15.)— Mang. C. (n.d.)

— Pardulphus. Ab. (n.d.)— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.)— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)

— Edmund. B.C. (Nov. 16.)— Robert. Ab. (Apr. 29.)— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.)— Alexis. C. (July 17.)Bl. Joanna de Urbe Veteri. V.St. Mary. V. (May 25.)— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.)— Arnoald. B. (Jidy 18.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Godebertha. V. (Apr. 11.)— Theodora. Emps. (Feb. 11.)— Damasus. Pope. C. (Dec. 11.)

204

Saints and their EmblemsRing—eontinued

in his hand .....j> • • . . •

in raven's bill.....sceptre, and purse ....

Ringsthree, on his right hand(of iron) on neck and armsseven on one hand, heart in the other .

Riverangel and pilgrim walking on it

appeasing the flooded Rhone .

before him .....crossing the Danube on his mantlecrossing over a river ....crossing, with ciborium and image of B.V. Marystanding by it

thrown into it .

two angels supporting him over it

near him .....wading across it, carrying two children

throwing water into a river

wading across it, carrying the Infant Saviour .

Robbersarrested during his prayerconverting .....four, carried on his back

Robeblue (before the Crucifixion)

crimsongrey or violet (after the Crucifixion)

blue ....refusing a rich robe

Rockchained to a rock

hiding in it .

obtaining water from it

pitchforked off it

standing on it, in the sea

Rocksfalling on invaders, saint prapng

Rodand censer

and table of the Law .

flowering, in her handflowering, in his hand .

in his handof Aesculapius in their hands .

Rodsbeaten with rods . . . •

bundle of, and book . . • •

bundle of, in her hand

Rooffalling from roof . . • •

of a chapel, supported by B.V. Mary .

Rooksshutting rooks in a granary .

Ropearound her neck . . . •

around his neck, kneeling at altar

given to poor man . . . •

205

St. Theodulus. M. (Feb. 17.)

— William. P.H. (Apr. 24.)

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.)

— FeUx. B. (Mar. 8.)

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)

— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Nov. 15.)

Raphael. Archangel.Clarus. Ab. (Apr. 26.)

Romanus. M. (Nov. 18.)

Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.)

Arbogastes. B.C. (July 21.)

Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.)

Benet. Ab. (Apr. 14.)

Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.)

Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.)

John. M. (May 16.)

Eustachius. (Sep 20.)

Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.)

Christopher. (July 25.)

— Winwaloe. H. (Mar. 3.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Moyses. M. (Aug. 28.)


St. Sixtus. Pope. M. (Apr. 6.)


St. Sampson. B. (July 28.)— Aphraates. (Apr. 7.)

— Gregory. P.CD.— Martin. H. (June 21.)— Adriadne. V. (n.d.)

— Aphraates. H. (Apr. 7.)— Columbanus.— Corentin. B.— Gummar. C.

— Amatus. Ab,Moses.St. Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.)

Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)

(Dec. 12.)

(Oct. II.)

(Sep. 13.)

— Finian. B.C. (Sep. 10.)

Aaron.Moses.

Sibylla Hellespontina.

St. Joseph. C. (Mar. 19.)— Zaphkiel. Angel.


St. Fidelis. M. (Mar. 23.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)

— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.)

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)

— Philip. P.C. (May 26.)

— Maurice. Ab. (n.d.)

— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.)— Charles. Abp. (Nov. 4.)— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)

Saints and their EmblemsRope

—

continued

Saints and their EmblemsSaint

St Agatha, appearing at her tombSt. Andrew with her .

St. Antony, dividing a loaf with him .

St. Athanasius, received by himSt. Augustine, discoursing with himSt. Augustine, writing " Verbum caro factum

heart ....St. Bartholomew, appearing to himSt. Benedict, appearing to himSt. Cecilia and angel, appearing to himSt. Cunegundes holding lily, with him .

St. Dominic appearing (with other founders) to

St. Domitilla (their mistress) with them

StSt

St

St

St

St.

St.

St.

St.

St. EUgius. presenting a ring to herSt. Eugenius, appearing to himSt. Ewald (the White), with light shining on himSt. Genevieve, appearing to himSt. Germanus, kneeling before himSt. Henry, Emp., kneeling before him .

Ildefonsus, appearing to her from a tombIsidore, appearing to him .

Jerom, appearing to him .

John Baptist, appearing to her_ .. John (infant) in her arms .

burying the body of St. LaurenceSt. Luke, showing portrait of B.V. Mary to her

Matthew, on his shoulders .

Maximin, giving her the Holy CommunionMercurius, appearing to himNonnus baptizing her

receiving St. Pachomiusbaptizing St. Paulina .

St. Peter, appearing at his bedside

St. Peter, appearing to himSt. Peter, appearing to him (crucified head downwards)

Peter, at her table .

Peter, blessing and giving him a pallium

Peter, consecrating his church at night

Peter, delivering him from prison .

Peter, indicating water for her monastery

„.. Philip Neri, receiving a flagon from himSt. Placidus, saved from drowning by himSt. Thomas of Canterbury, appearing to himSt. Ursula, appearing to her .

St. Valeria, bringing him her head at Mass

kneeling before St. Boniface

kneeling before St. Benedict's cell

visiting St. Paul, H., in his cell

St. Wolfgang, appearing to himSt. Zosimus, administering the Holy Commumon to her

St.

St.

St.

St.

St.

St.

on her

her

St. Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)

Sibylla Europa.St. Paul. H. (Jan. 15.)— Maximinus. B. (May 29.)— Simplician. B.C. (Aug. 16.)

— Mary. V. (May 25.)

(Apr. II.)

(Jan. 15.)

(Apr. 14.)

(July 15.)

Apr. 30.)

MM.

II.)

(May

(Oct. 3.)

16.)

Pope

SaintsFrancis and Clare, appearing to her .

Peter and ApoUinaris, presentmgfthe samt to

Sixtus III. . . • ,:,.. X.-

Peter and Paul striking rock, for water to baptize hrni

Salmonwith a ring in its gills . • • •

Saltboxin his^iand . . • •

Saracen. {See Moor)

Saviour, Ourappearing to her . . • •

appearing to her, with an angel

appearing to him (bearing His Cross) .•

appearing and inviting saint to kiss His wounds

appearing and blessing her from Cross .

appearing and calling her to heaven .

appearing and crowning her . . •

207

— Guthlac. H— Maurus. Ab.— Valerian. M.— Henry. Emp— Catherine. BSS. Nereus and Achilleus.

12.)

St. Godebertha. V. (Apr,— Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.)— Ewald the Black. P.M.— William. Ab. (Apr. 6.)— Mamertinus. C. (n.d.)

— Heribert. Abp. C. (Mar— Leocadia. V.M. (Dec. 9.)— Martin. P.C. (Feb. 11.)— Peter of Pisa. H. (June i.)

— Rita. W. (N.D.)— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.)— Hippoljrtus. M. (Aug. 13.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 28.)

Isaiah.

St. Mary. Pen. (July 22.)— Basil. Abp. (June 14.)— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)— Palaemon. H.C. (Jan. 11.)— Marcellinus. P. (June 2.)— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)— Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.)— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.)— Petronilla. V. (May 31.)— Leo. Pope. (June 12.)— Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.)— Brice. B. (Nov. 13.)— Bertha. W. Abs. (July 4.)— Felix. O.M.C. (May 21.)

Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.)

Abp. C. (Nov. 16.)

V. (May 31.)

B.C. (June 30.)

B. (n.d.)

Scholastica. V. (Feb. 10.)


Henry. Emp. (July 15.)

Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.)

Colette. (Mar. 6.)

Peter. Abp. (Dec. 4.)

Martinianus. C. (n.d.)

- Kentigern. B.C. (Jan. 13.)

Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.)

Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.)

Mary of Pazzi. V. (May 25.)

Ignatius. C. (July 31.)

John. C. (Nov 23.)

Hedwig. W. (Oct. 17.)

Tarsilla. V. (Dec. 24.)

Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.)

— Edmund.— Angela.— Martial.— Adolar.

Saints and their EmblemsSaviour, Our

—

continuedappearing and crowning her with thornsappearing and curing his bUndnessappearing and embracing her from the Cross

appearing and embracing him from the Cross

appearing and giving him the Holy Communion in prison

appearing and receiving her tears

appearing and receiving his soul

appearing and speaking to herappearing as pilgrim, saint washing His Feet

appearing on the Cross, with B.V. Mary and St. Johnappearing to her and extending one armappearing to her and giving her His heartappearing to her with wound in His side

appearing to him as a poor child

appearing to him at Mass

appearing to him in glory

appearing to him in prison

appearing to him in his tormentappearing to him, on the Appian Wayappearing with angels and symbols of His Passionappearing, with His cross

appearing, with symbols of His Passionsaint carrying Him (disguised as a leper)

saint carrying Him on his shoulderssaint exchanging hearts with Himsaint kneeling at His feet

Sawin his hand

(two-handed) cleaving his head

Sawnhands and feet sawn off

in a chest

asunder

on a cross

through, longitudinally

Scalesdevil in one, a white figure in the otherfruit in one, scroll in othergolden scales

in his hand,, . .

with one, and two, globes in them

Scapulargiven him by the Holy Trinity

offering it to B.V. Maryin his hand

Scarsof small-pox on her face

of plague, on his leg

of razors, on his head .

sword cuts, across his headin her neck

Sceptreand arrow, in her handsand arrowsand bookand churchand cross

and crown, money at his feet

and dagger

208

St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Rainwold. Ab. (Jan. 7.)— Catherine of Ricci. V. (Feb. 13.)— Bernard. Ab. (Aug. 20.)— Pellegrini. C. (Aug. i.)— Dionysius. B.C. (Oct. 9.)— Ida of Nivelles. (n.d.)

— Camillus. C. (July 14.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Augustine. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.)— John. C. (Mar. 8.)

Bl. Robert. Fdr. (Feb. 24.)

St. Lutgardis. V. (June 16.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Lutgardis. V. (June 16.)— Peter. B.M. (Nov. 26.)— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.)— Thomas. C. (n.d.)

— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.)— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.)— Valerian. M. (Apr. 14.)— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)— Ethelbert. K. (Feb. 24.)— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Ethbin. C. (Oct. 19.)— Agilius. Ab. C. (Aug. 30.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Dunstan. B.C. (May 19.)

— Achius. M. (May i.)— James. Ap. (May i.)— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.)— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.)— Boninsegnis. C. (n.d.)

— Fausta. V.M. (Sep. 20.)— Evelasius. M. (n.d.)— James. M. (Nov. 27.)Isaiah. Pt.

St. Thutael. M. (n.d.)— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.)

— Michael. Archangel.— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.)Thrones.St. Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.)— Publius. Ab. H. (Jan. 25.)— Clara. V. (Aug. 18.)

Felix. C. (Nov. 20.)

John. C. (Feb. 8.)

Reginald. O.P. (n.d.)

Simon. Pr. C. (May 16.)

Augradrisma. V. (Oct. 14.)Roch. (Aug. 16.)

Epimarchus. M. (Dec. 12.)Peter. M. (Apr. 29.)Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)

Christina. V.M. (July 24.)Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)Margaret. Q. (June 10.)Maurontius. Ab. (May 5.)Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)Onuphrius. H. (June 12.)Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)

Saints and their EmblemsSceptre—continued

and lily

and rose

and shield

and spear

and sword in hand

and torch in her handmitre, sword and armour(of reed) and crown of thornson a table before her .

ring, and purseterminating with a fleur-de-lis

terminating with a handflowering, the B.V.M. in her armslajTing down his sceptre and crown

Sceptresand crowns, before herin their hands, standing in a citadel

holding three, cross-tipped

holding two, one terminating in a hand

Scholarsstabbed by scholars

stabbing him with their styles .

Schoolmasteras a schoolmaster

Scimitarand book . . . . .

,, , . . . .

under foot, tau cross in turban on the ground

Scorpiondevil as, appearing in prison .

Scorpionsscourged with leaden scorpions

Scourgeand anchor, at her feet

and crown in handin her hand

>i

in her hand, chain round her

in his hand

in his hand, with mitre, cope and cross

in his hand, serpent at his feet

Scourgedat the stake

tied to a pillar

to death

while bound to a tree by his bowels

with leaden plummets

by orders of Maximin

Scourgesand swords ; near him

2D

St. Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. lo.)— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)— Gabriel. Archangel.— Oswin. K.M. (Aug. 20.)

Archangels.St. Olaf. K.M. (July 29.)^ Emerita. V.M. (Sep. 22.)— Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.)— Haniel. Angel.— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.)— Edward. K.C (Oct. 13.)— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)— Anne. (July 26.)— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)

— Susanna. V.M. (Aug. 11.)

Principalities.

St. Lucius. K.C. (Dec. 3.)— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)

Cassian. M.FeUx. B.M.

(Aug. 3.)

(n.d.)

Mawes. B.C. (May 17.)

Cassian. M. (Aug. 3.)

Felix. B.M. (n.d.)

Peter Martyr. (Apr. 29.)

Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.)

Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. 12.)

— Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.)

Processus and Comps. MM. (July 2.)

— Philomena. V.M. (Aug. 10.)— Jehudiel. Archangel.— Hyacintha. V. (Jan. 30.)

Sibylla Agrippa.

St. Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)— Dorotheus. B.M. (June 5.)— Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.)— Ferroleus. B.M. (June 16.)— Gervasius. M. (June 19.)— Peter. Card. B. (Feb. 23.)— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.)— Ambrose. Dr. (Apr. 4.)— Guthlac. P.H. (Apr. 11.)

— Bacchus. M. (Oct. 7.)— Candida. M. (Sep. 20.)

— Concordia. V.M. (Aug. 13.)— Timothy. M. (Aug. 22.)

— Urban. Po. M. (May 25.)— ApoUonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.)— Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.)

— Leontius. M. (n.d.)

— Amphibalus. (n.d.)

— Bibiana. V.M. (Dec. 2.)

SS. Sergius and Bacchus. MM. (Oct. 7.)

St. Processus, M. (July 2.)

209

Saints and their EmblemsScourging

a chained devil

chained devils ....herself.....himself, coat of mail on groundhimself, kneeling

Screenwith " Gloria Patri " in his hand

Screw-pressunder a screw-press

Scroll ^and book in hand

,, ^• • •

and seal, cloud|dropping waterhanding sealed scroll to St. Aldhelmin left hand, sword in right

in one scale, fruit in other

Sculptorat work on statue . .

Scytheand sceptre, two calves at his feet

cutting a stone with it

in her hand, cows and fountain near

*i- *» •

in her hand, well near herin his hand ....in his hand, saint crownedrecovering if from a stream

Seabeheaded and thrown into the sea

floating on the sea

man and boy walking on the sea

pushed into the sea

standing by the sea, children near him .

thrown into the sea from cliff .

walking on the sea with B. Sacrament .

walking on the sea, on his cloak

It ft •

walking on the sea, star overheadwalking on the sea (with another saint)

standing on his cloak, on the sea

»* tt *

Seashorekneeling on it, holding a lily .

standing on it, flask on book in her handwalking on it, a child at his feet with spoon

Seedsthree, in his hand, a thread round his thimib

Seraphon each side, globe with cross .

Serpentabove a cup in his handand cup n his handat her feiet

at his feet, scourge in his handdrinking at cup, saint's hands manacleddriven from under altar of Marsin her handin his handissuing from broken cup 1

issuing from chaUce in his handtt >» •

marked with arms of France beneath tombround her wrist

twined round himwith apple in its mouth,under his foot

under his foot, saint carr3nng axeissuing from a loaf of bread, at his side

St. JuUana. V. (Feb. i6.)

Powers.St. Alexandra. Pen. (n.d.)

— Dominic. C. (Oct. 14.)— Simeon. H.C. (Jan. 5.)

— Damasus. Po. C. (Dec. 11.)

— Jonas. M. (Mar. 29.)

Micaiah.

St. Uriel. Archangel.— Swithin. B. (July 15.)— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.)

Sibylla Erythrea.

St. Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.)

— Castorius. M. (July 7.)

— Walstan. C. (May 30.)— Albert of Ogra. (n.d.)

— Guntilda. (n.d.)

— Nothburga. Abs. (Sep. 14.)— Sidwell. V.M. (Aug. 2.) 4v

— Valentius. M. (n.d.)

— Walstan. C. (May 30.) -

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) ^

— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.)— Rufina. M. (July 10.)— Nazarius. M. (July 28.)— Eugenius. M. (Mar. 4.)— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.)— Fintan. Ab. (Feb. 17.)

Bl. John Agni. O.P. (n.d.)

St. Peter Alcantara. (Oct. 19.)— Celsus. (July 28.)— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.)— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) ,

,

— Gertrude. V. (Mar. 17.)— Walburgis. V. (Feb. 25.)— Augustin. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.)

Seth.


St. Licinius. B.C.— Edward. K.M.Sibylla Persica.

St. Guthlac. P.H.— Chariton. H.— Phihp. Ap. ]V— Itisberge. V.— Mesnin. Ab,

(Feb. 13.)

(Mar. 18.)

(Apr. II.)

(Sep. 28.)

L (May i.)

(n.d.)

(n.d.)

210

— Portianus. Ab. C. (Nov. 24.)— John. Ap. Evan. (Dec. 27.)— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)— Eucherius. B.C. (Feb. 20.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Phocas. M. (Mar. 5.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Barbatus. B.C. (Feb. 19.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. ai.)

Saints and their EmblemsSerpents

and torches, in their handsand wild beasts, near himaround herat his feet

two, one on either side of her>> >>

driving away .

a • •

if • •

feeding from her basketon an island with serpentsround her armstwined round himsurrounded by them

Shearsand bottle, in his handin her handin his handon the ground near her

Sheepa bear tending them for himaround herand distaff near herin oratory round him .

kneeling amongst them

near him, and crookpreaching to themstrayed, brought by wolf to himtending them .

tending them, dog at his feet

tending them in desert

tending them, crook in his handleading a flock of sheep

Shellan escallop shell in his haton his cloak

Shells^

on his hat and cloak .

lying on shells, angel bringing crown

Shepherdas a shepherd

witijj dogdiscovering him in solitude

Shepherdessas a shepherdess

»»

spinning

Shield. , ^ „

charged with " Azure, an anchor in pale, Or

charged with " Azure, sernie of arrows points

Or, feathered Argent" ' ' 'j'

charged with " argent, three arrows gules two and one .

charged with " argent, three arrows palewtse, points in

base, gules " . • • • •

211

SS. Anatolia and Audax. MM. (July 9.)

St. Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.)

— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep 16.)— Didymus. M. (Apr. 28.)— Pachonius. Ab. (May 14.)— Paternus. B.C. (Apr. 15.)— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.)— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.)— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.)— Hilary. B.C.— Patrick. B.C. (Apr. 15.)— Pirminius. Ab. B. (Nov. 3.)— Verdiana. V.R. (Feb. i.)— Hilary. B.C. (May i.)— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.)— Pirminius. Ab. B. (Nov. 3.)— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.)

— Cosmas. M. (Sep. 27.)— Macra. V.M. (Jan. 6.)— Fortunatus. M. (n.d.)— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.)

— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.)— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.)— Solangia. V.M. (May 10.)— Gamelbert. P.C. (Jan. 27.)— Erhard. Ab. C. (Feb. 9.)— Gilbert the Pilgrim, (n.d.)

Amos. Pt.

St. Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.)— Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.)— Drogo. H. (Apr. 16.)— Germaine. V. (June 15.)— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.)— Pas.(3ial. C. (May 17.)

H. (Oct. 21.)

M. (July 27.)

M. (n.d.)'i

Pec. 18.)

Wendelin— Malchus.— Gaudentius.— Gatian. B.C

— James. Ap.lUd.

(July 25.)

St. James. Ap. (July 25.)— Felix. M. (Jan. 14.)

Malchus. M. (July 27.)

Drogo. H. (Apr. 16.)

Paschal. C. (May 17.)

Lubin. B. (Mar. 14.)

Gaudentius. M. (n.d.)

Gatian. B.C. (Dec. 18.)

Wendehn. Ab. (Oct. 21.)

Avitus. Ab. (June 17.)

— Germaine.— Margaret.—' Genevieve.— Solangia.

V. (June 15.)

V.M. (July 20.)

V. (Jan. 3.)

V.M. (May 10.)

in base.

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)

— Ursula. V.M.— Sebastian. M.

Ibid.

(Oct. 21.)

(Jan. 20.)

Saints and their EmblemsShield

—

continuedcharged with " azure, two arrows saltire-wise in chief a

crown, all or " (Bury St. Edmunds Abbey) ,

charged with " parly per pale, sable and argent three letters

B, two and one, counterchanged ' (Bridlington Priory) .

charged with " barry of six, argent and azure, over all in

bend a pilgrim's staff or " (Sempringham Priory)

charged with " azure three bars argent on a chief of the

second a pale between two gussets, dexter and sinister,

of the first, on an escutcheon of the second a cross

crosslet fitchh gules." (Winchcomb Abbey)charged with " gules in fess point a bell argent within an

orle of garbs or" .

charged with " Or three bendlets gules on a chief of the field

two lions counter-rampant of the second, supporting

a torteau inscribed I H S" (St. Gregory's Priory,

Canterbury)......charged with " gules, a bezant between three crowns or

"

charged with " gules, three bezants, two and one, the first

charged with a lion rampant argent; the second with

a dragon salient of the last, and the one in base with a

demi-king regally vested and crowned proper"

charged with " a cross"

charged with " azure, a cross argent ".

charged with " sable, a cross argent " (Canterbury

Abbey) ......charged with " gules, a cross argent, charged in the midst

with a lion couchant gardant azure, mitred or" .

charged with " sable, a cross argent ; in the dexter canton

a pastoral staff erect or, ensigned with a cross patSe of

the second, surmounted by a pall of the last; in the

sinister canton a lily slipped argent ".

charged with " argent a cross gules ".

charged with " on a cross between four eaglets displayed

nine roundels".....charged with " cheeky, gules and vert, a cross and bardure

or" .

charged-with." gules, a cross and bordure or"

charged with " gules, a cross between four covered cupsargent"......

charged with " gules, a cross between four lions rampantargent " (Fountains Abbey) ....

charged with " argent, a cross crosslet in saltier sable"

chaxgedwith." gules, a cross flory argent"charged with " a cross flory or"charged with " gules a cross flory or" .

charged with " gules, a cross flory or within a border azure,

crucilly of the second " (Croyland Abbey)charged with " azure, a cross flory or between four lions

rampant argent " (St Cuthbert's Mons. Durham)charged with "gules, a cross humetei between four cross

crosslets or, within a border azure, sem6e of arrow headsargent"......

charged with " paly of nine, or and gules, on a chief of the

second a cross patSe argent ".

charged with " argent, gutiSe de sang, a cross patie gules"

charged with " azure, a cross patSe between four crowns or"

charged with " Or, a cross patonce gules, between fourCornish choughs proper "

.

charged with " azure, a cross patonce, between five martlets

or" .

charged with " Or, a tau cross azure ".

charged with " argent, a cross pommSe gules ".

charged with " azure, a cross potent argent between fourletters A, Or"

charged with " azure a cross potent, counter-changed or

and argent " .

charged with " azure, a cross potent, fitchie or" .

charged with " argent, a cross sable between twelve guttis

de sang ".

charged with " per pale, gules and argent, a cross potent

and quadrate in the centre, between four crosses patie all

counterchanged " (See of Lichfield)

212

St. Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)

— John. C. (Oct. 10.)

— Gilbert. Ab. (Feb. 4.)

— Kenelm. K.M. (Dec. 13.)

— Mildred. Ab. (Feb. ao.)

Gregory. Pope. CD. (Mar. 12.)

Ethelbert. K. (May 20.)

• Ethelbert. K. (Feb. 24.)

Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.)

Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)

Augustine. B.C. (May 26.)

Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)

— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.)— George. M. (Apr. 23.)

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)

— Victor. M.— Maurice. M. (July 10.)

— Richard. B. (Apr. 3.)

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)— Julian. M.— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.)— Sergius. M. (Oct. 17.)— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)

— Guthlac. H. (Apr. 11.)

— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.)

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)

— Raymond. C. (Jan. 23.)— Anselm. B.C.D. (Apr. 21.)— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)

— Edmund. Abp. C. (Nov. 16.)

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.)— Anthony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.)— Michael. Archangel.

— Albinus. B. (Mar. i.)

— Ethelwold. (Aug. i.)

— Ethelred. M. (Oct. 17.)

— Anselm. Abp. (Apr. 21.)

Ceadda. B. (Mar. 2.)

Saints and their EmblemsShield—continued

charged with " azure, a chain in chevron, with a ring onthe dexter and a horselock on the sinister between three

mitres, all Or" {Eveshaxa. Nbh&y) . . . St. Egwin. B.C. (Jan. ii.)

charged with " per chevron, sable and argent ; over all acrucifix, proper " . . . . . — Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)

charged with " per chevron, sable and argent, between alily and palm in saltire issuing from a crown or, a mullet

of six points gules, in base, on a mound vert, a dog sejant

holding an orb, and in his mouth a torch flamed proper " Ibid.

charged with " argent three Cornish choughs proper twoand one'' ...... St. Thomas. B.M. (Dec. 29.)

charged with " gules {or azure) a covered cup, Or" . — Dunstan. B.C. (May 19.)

charged with " azure, a crown pierced with two arrows insaltire, Or " (Bury St. Edmunds Abbey) . . — Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)

charged with " argent, a crown transfixed with a pastoral

staff sable, within a bordure of the last sem^e of bezants " — John. B.C. (May 7.)

charged with " gules, three crowns two and one. Or " (St.

Oswin's Abbey, Tynemouth) . . . . — Oswin. K.M. (Aug. 20.)

charged with " azure, three crowns two and one. Or "(BurySt. Edmunds Abbey) . . . . — Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)

charged with " gules, three crowns two and one. Or" . — Ethelbert. M. (May 20.)

. — Etheldreda. V. Abs. (June 23.)

charged with " or, three crowns gules, two and one " (St

Osyth's Priory, Essex) . . . . — Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.)

chaxgedwith" gules, three crowns in pale. Or ". . — Ethelred. M. (Oct. 17.)

charged with " azure, three crowns, two and one, the lower

pierced with an arrow palewise, point in base, Or"

. — Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)

charged with " azure, three crowns, each transfixed with

two arrows saltirewise, all Or " (Bury St. EdmundsAbbey) . . . . . . Ibid.

charged with " four eagles displayed between nine

roundels " . . . . . .St. Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)

(and banner) charged with " an escarbuncle ". . — Victor. M. (July 21.)

charged with " azure, three estoiles, two and one. Or" . — Wilfrid. Abp. (Oct. 12.)

charged with " sable, a fess enhanced argent ; in chief three

women's heads, couped below the shoulders, proper, vested

of the second, crowned. Or ; in base an ox argent passing

a ford proper

"

. . . . — Frideswide. V. Abs. (Oct. 19.)

charged with " four fleurs-de-lis"

. . . — William. H. (Feb. 10.)

chaxgedwith " azure, semie de fleur-de-lis ". . —Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)

charged with " vert, a flower-pot argent, with gillyflowers

gules leaved proper" (Our Lady's Inn, London) . B.V.Mary. (Mar. 25.)

charged with " argent, on a base gules, a font azure, from

which a naked man issuant, proper, crowned or, inscribed

•Ethel-berf" St. Augustine. B.C. ((May 26.)

charged with " argent a gridiron sable"

. . — Lawrence. M. (Aug. 10.)

charged with " azure, in fess point a heart proper, winged

or transfixed with a sword argent, kilted of the third " B.V. Mary. (Mar 25.)

chsLTgedvath" gules, two keys in saltire argent ". . St. Peter. Ap. (June 29.)

ch&Tged mih " gules, three flaying knives, erect in fess, „ ^, ,. ,, „ .

argent, handlelor" ...... -Bartholomew. Ap. (June 24.)

charged with " azure, in bend a ladder argent, between six^t / * ^

lioncels rampant. Or" . . -. •- Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.)

charged with" gules, three leopards, faces reversed psant,mnt ^\

de lis, two and one. Or "{See of Ueveford) . . -Jhomas. RC. (Oct. 2.)

charged vnth" argent, a lily and pot proper" . • B-V_Mary. (Mar. 25O

-,i,ovSo,i «n+v, " fhrfip lilies" ... St. Faustmus. M. (July 29.)

charged with three Mtes . _ Simplicius. M. (July 29.)

chavg^vnth" Or, a lion rampant" . . • -Maurice. M. (July 10.)

charged with " gules, seven mascles Or. three, three and

one• (Ulverscroft Priory, Leics.) . . • — George. M. (Apr. 23.J

^argedynih'-gules.nine.mascles.Or,three,three,twoand _ ^^^^^^ ^^ York. B.C. (June 8.)one • • •

'. • 1 ' n T.

charged with " azure, three scourges erect %n fess. Or, each ^ ^ ^^^ ^with three lashes " . • ^ '

, , ' ^ 7•"

charged with " azure, a mitre transfixed by an Archt-

efiscopal cross in pale and two pastoral staves m _ ^^^^^.^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^saltire. Or .

•,

*, ,.

' ' "

Oswald K M (Aug. =,.)

charged with " per pale or and gules •,

-^

• — ^^^^^^- ^'"- ^^"8- 5-^

charled with " argent, paHy per pale in dexter seven

crosses, two, one, two, one, one gules, m sinister three^ ,.^ ^ .

arrows azure, points upwards palewise- . • — bebastian. ivi. U"*"- ^-^

213

Saints and their EmblemsShield

—

continuedcharged with " ermine, a -pile gules "

.

charged with " quarterly, argent and . . . a fteur de-lis

in each quarter ".

charged with " quarterly, gules and or, four lions rampant,

counterchanged " (Owen ap Griiiith of Wales)

charged with " gules, a saltire argent " (Covenham Mons.Lines. ......

charged with " azure, a saltire. Or" .

charged with " azure, a saltire argent, between two

mitres in -pale and two crowns in fess " (Charly Priory)

charged with " azure, a saltire ermine, between four fleurs-

de-lis. Or" .

charged with "or, a saltire sable ".

charged with " argent, a saltire gules " (Bened. MonsRochester)

charged with " azure, three escallop shells, two and one,

Or, (St. James's Abbey, Reading)charged with " azure, three snakes coiled. Or, two and one

(Whitby Abbey) ....charged with " vert, a heron argent, drinking from

well. Or" .

charged with " gules, two swords in saltire \hilted. Or(See of London) ....

charged with " gules, a Trinity, Or " (Holy TrinityPriory, Ipswich) ....

charged with " gules, a wheel argent ".

charged with " azure, a spiked wheelargent^'charged with gules, a [Catherine) wheel. Or (or argent)

"

armour, and long'arrowand sceptre .....spear, and palm ....and spear, trampling devil

Shipin a burning ship

in a burning ship, fire destroying her crewin a ship held up by two angelsin his handwith a coffin in it, in his handdrawing it to shore with a ropein his hand

piloted by two ravenssaving a sinking ship .

thrown from it, anchor round his neckwrecked near him

Shipsappearing in sky over himdriving off pirate shipsin distance, rosary in his handmaking signals to a fleet of ships

Shoemakerat work . . . ,

Shoemakerstwo, at work . . . ,

St. Richard. B. (Apr. 3.)

— WiUiam. H. (Feb. 10.)

— Amphibalus. M. (n.d.)

— Andrew. Ap. (Nov. 30.)— Alban. M. (June 23.)

— Erkonwald. B. (Apr. 30.)

— Hugh. B.C. (Nov. 17.)— Osmund. B.C. (Sep. 4.)

— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.)

— James. Ap. (July 25.)

— Hilda. V. Abs. (Nov. 18.)

— Hugh. B.C. (Nov. 17.)

— Paul. Ap. (June 30.)

— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.)— Willigis. B.C. (n.d.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)— Gabriel. Archangel.— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.)

— Veneranda. V M. (Nov. 14.)— Restituta. V.M. (May 17.)— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.)— Ansehn. Abp. C. (Apr. 21.)— Werenfrid. P.C. (Nov. 7.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)— Simon. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— Anselm. Abp. (Apr. 21.)— Bertulf. Ab. (Feb. 5.)— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— Wilfrid. Abp. (Oct. 12.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Castor. P.C. (Feb. 13.)— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)— Ouen. B. (Aug. 24.)

— Ephysius. M. (Jan. 15.)— Constablis. Ab. (Feb. 17.)— Pius. Pope. C. (May 5.)— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.)

Shoesin her hand, barefootedwith spikes inside themwith spikes through them

It tt

Shovelbaker's shovel, or peel

214

— Anianus. B. (Apr. 25.)

SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM. (Oct.

25.)

St, Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.)— Sergius. M. (Feb. 24.)— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 5.)— Sozon. M. (Sep. 7.)

— Honorius. BiC. (Sep. 30.)— Aubert. B.C. (Dec. 13.)

ShrineSaints and their Emblems

inihis hand

kneeliag at a shrinenear him

near him, his leg bare to thigh, monastic habitpresenting it to K. Dagobert .

Shuttle(weaver's) in his hand

Sickleand bread in her handand Uly .....

Sieveat his feet ...in her hand, a sturgeon beside herin his hand .....

Singingto an angel, playing an organ .

on his funeral pile ....Sisters of Charity

round him .....Skin

human skin, and flajring knife in his handsewn up in an ox's skin

wearing a tiger's or goat's skin

Skinsclothed in .... .

Skullin his handat her feet, dog plucking her robe

at his feet

,, ...before her, saint scourging herself

book, and rosary, in his cell

on a book, in her handsaint in a cask, with skull and cross

in his hand . .

touching it, with his staff

with eyes in it at her feet

crucifix, rosary and book, at her feet

Slavesransomed, around him .

Slingin his hand

Slipperpresenting it, to an Emperor .

Soldier. See Warrior

Soldiersbeating him, in a cave

building his cellj

driving him into exile .

eating around him

Sowing Seed .

Spadein his hand

» • • •

in his hand, a woman accusmg hun

and open book

at his side, saint giving ahns .

215

St. Wenceslas. C. (Sep. 28.)— Gregory. B.C. (Nov. 17.)— Mummulus. Ab. C. (n.d.)

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)

— Wendehn. C. (Oct. 21,)— Hilarion. Ab. C.- (June 6.)— Omer. B.C.— Hilarion. Ab.— EUgius. B.C.

(Sep. 9.)

C. (June 6.)

(Dec. I.)

— Severus. B.C. (Feb. i.)

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.)— Andrew. Ch. (July 12.)

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Amalberga. V. (July 10.)— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.)

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Fructuosus. B.M. (Jan. 21.)

— Vincent. C. (Jtdy 19.)

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.)— Chryanthus. M. (Oct. 25.)Sibylla Tiburtina.

St John Baptist. (June 24.)— Abraham. H. (Mar. 15.)— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.)— Onophrius. H. (June la.)

— Francis. C. (Apr. a.)— Margaret. Pen. (Feb. 22.)— Jerome. Dr. (Sep. 30.)— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.)— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.)— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.)— Mary. Pen. (July 22.)— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)

Bl. Jordan. C. (Feb. 13.)

St. Macarius. (Jan. 2.)— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)— Oljraipias. W. (Dec. 17.)

— Vincent. C. (July 29.)

David.

St. Gunther. B.C. (n.d.)

— Privatus. B.M. (Aug. 21.)— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.)— Ingenuinus. B.C. (n.d.)

— Eudoxius. M. (Sep. 5.)

— Gatian. B.C. (Dec. 18.)

— Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.)— Peter. C. (June 30.)— Phocas. M. (July 3.)— Fiacre. H.C. (Aug. 30.)

lUi.St. Paulinus. B. (June 22.)

Saints and their EmblemsSpear. {See also Lance)

armour, and standard ....and church, in his hand, coronet over hood of mail

and crown of thorns in her handsand double cross in his hand .

in her handin his handin his hand (at the Crucifixion)

long (saint on horseback)

and palmpierced with a spear

pierced with a spear, and beheadedpiercing a dragonpiercing a dragon with three headsand sceptre, in his handand shield, wearing chain mailshield, and palmand shield, trampling on devil .

Spearedand beheaded .

>> " • •

Spiderover mouth of his caveover a chalice, in his handin a chalice

hiding saint by spinning' its web

Spikeof iron, red-hot, near himin his hand

Spikesthrough his shoes

Spinningin a desert

with mice on her distaff

with a sheep near her .

as a shepherdess, spinning

with five maids around her

Spitin his hand .....in one hand, heart in the other

Spitstwo, through his shoulders

Spongebloody sponge, in one hand, cup in other

in her hand .....on a reed, in her hand

Spoonangel giving him the Holy Communion with a spoonheld by a child at his feet

a wooden spoon, and bowl, at his feet

a wooden spoon in his hand

Spring. {See also Fountain)of water near him

near him, saint praying

St. Acacius. B.C.— Caradoc. H.Sibylla Delphica.

St. Philip. Ap.— Fusca. V.M.— Thomas. M.— Longinus. M.Ibid.

St. Barbara.— Thomas.— Abundius.

(May 8.)

(Apr. 13.)

M. (May i.)

(Feb. 13.)

(Dec. 21.)

(Mar. 15.)

V.M. (Dec. 4.)

M. (Dec. 21.)

(Aug. 26.)— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.)— Oswin. K.M. (Aug. 20.)— Victor. M. (July 21.)— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.)

— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.)— Emmeran. M. (Sep. 22.)— Abundius. M. (Aug. 26.)

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.)— Conrad. B.C. (Nov. 26.)

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.)— Teuteria. V. (n.d.)

— Camion. B.C. (n.d.)

— Agathocles. M. (n.d.)

— Dionysius. M. (July 27.)

Sergius. M. (Feb. 24.)

Sozon. M. (Sep. 7.)

Alexandrina. (n.d.)

Piammon. H. (n.d.)

Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar.

Solangia. V.M. (May 10.)

Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)

Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.)

I7-)

Genulph.Quintin.

B.C. (Jan. 17.)

M. (Oct. 31.)

Ibid.

St. Pudentiana. V.M. (May 19.)— Paula. W. (Jan. 26.)

Sibylla Cumana.

St. Mark. H. (Mar. 29.)— Augustine. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.)— Gerard. C. (n.d.)


— Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 14.)— Corentin. B.C. (Dec. 12.)— Clement. Po. M. (Nov. 23.)— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.)— Julian of Mans. B.C.— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.)— Fehx. C. (Nov. 20.)— Apollinaris. B. (Oct. 5.)— Antoninus. C. (July 16.)— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.)— Humbert. C. (Mar. 25.)— Isidore. H. (Nov. 6.)— Omer. B.C. (Sep. 9.)— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.)

216

Saints and their EmblemsSquare

carpenter's, in his hand

and tools, at their feet

Stabbedin the backin the back, at Massand burntbefore crucifix, distaff near herwhilst on horsebackwith javelins .

in left side, his blood caught in a bowlby schoolboys .

by two men

StablekneeUng in a stable

Staffwith ball top, and model of city in his handsbell, and beads

.

and book, crown at her feet

and bottle

(budding) and crosier .

(budding) in his hand .

and church, both veiled, crown at her feet

cross staff, crescent-end to one armcrucifix and rosary

and cupwith dove at top of it .

fish, and gourd.

and glove, in his handsin his hand

>>

(knotted) and scrip

in left hand, clasped book in right

and loaf, saint as a hermit

and open bookand palm(pastoral) book, and mitre

(pastoral) and ship, in his hand(pastoral) transfixing a dragon with it

(patriarchal) in his hand(pilgrim's) and book in his hand(pilgrim's^ and crosier .

(pilgrim's) and rosary .

(pilgrim's) in left hand, three nails m right

planting it on a river bankplanting it, sheep near her

procuring fountam with it

procuring water with it

and ring, staircase near himterminating in a tau cross

terminating in a star ,

tied to a scythe blade .

touching dumb man with it

walking on river with pilgrim's staff

with two bells on it .

plain pastoral staff

Stagwith cross between its horns

drinking at fountain, saint near

at her feet

at his feet . ,. • ^ ,

as a huntsman, kneehng before

near her

near him

2£

it

St. Joseph. €. (Mar. 19.)— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.)— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.)— Thomas. Ap. (Dec. 21.)

SS. Q. Coronati. MM. (Nov. 8.)

St. Quiriacus— Narcissus.— Polycarp.— Solangia.— Edward.— Lambert.— William.— Cassian.— Frederick.

. P.C. (Aug. 23.)

B. (Oct. 29.)

B.M. (Jan. 26.)

B.M. (May 10.)

K.M. (Mar. 18.)

B.M. (Sep. 17.)

Ch. M. (Mar. 24.)

M. (Aug. 13.)

B.M. (July 18.)

— Marcellus. Pope. M. (Jan. 16.)

— Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.)— Mutius. H. (n.d.)— Ermenilda. Q. Abs. (Feb. 13.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.)— Tresain. P.C. (Feb. 7.)— Werburga. V. Abs. (Feb. 3.)— Wilham. H. (Feb. 10.)— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.)— Chamael. Angel.— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.)— Raphael. Archangel.— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

— Christopher. M. (July 25.)— Raphael. Archangel.

Baruch. Pt.

St. William. K. (n.d.)

— Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)

— Bamabus. Ap. M. (Jime 16.)

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— Ceadda. B. (Mar. 2.)— Wilfrid. Abp. (Oct. 12.)

— Magnoald. Ab. (Sep. 6.)— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.)

— Fridolin. Ab. (Mar. 6.)

— Matemus. B.C. (Sep. 18.)

— Francis. S.J. (Dec. 3.)

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)— Gregory. B.C. (Nov. 17.)

— Germaine. V. (June 15.)

— Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.)

— PhiHp. C. (Aug. 23.)

— Alexis. C. (July 17.)


— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.)

— Walstan. C. (May 30.)

— Etto. B.C. (July 10.)



— Titus. B. (Jan. 4.)

— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.)


— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.)

— FeUx. C. (Nov. 20.)

— Ninnock. Abs. (n.d.)

— Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.)


— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.)

— Julian. Hospitator. (n.d.)

— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.)

217

Saints and their EmblemsStag

—

continuednear himnear him, church in his handsheltered under his mantle

shot with his bow _ .

taking refuge near himwith flaming horns, near her

Stagseight, drawing his plough

four, in a ploughin a ploughnear himploughing with two stags

twelve, in a plough

two near her

Staircasenear him, saint holding staff and ring

lying under it, asleep .

Stakeburning at a stake

her hands tied to it

scourged at it .

stoned at a stake

transfixed with it

tied to it, and pierced with spears

tied to it, and torn with hooks

Standard

Star

{See Banner)

on breast or overheadon his breast

on his breast, or in his hand .

over her

on his forehead

Starscross of, over her body .

falling overhead .

overhead, or on his breast

seven, growing from a stem in his handseven, or five, around his heada nimbus of stars

Statueof Apollo, falling before himof Apollo, saint destroying it .

of Hercules, martyred before it

of Jupiter, overturning it

as a sculptor, at work on it .

of Bacchus, saint refusing to sacrifice to it

Statuesfalling before him

Stepsdashed against them by a judge

dragged up them by executioner

Stickwatering a dry stick in the ground

Stigmatabearing the sacred stigmata

with lily and book in her handsreceiving the sacred stigmata .

it • •

rayed, on her hand

St. Simeon. H. (July 26.)

— Meinulf. Ab. C. (Oct. 5.)

— Humbert. C. (Mar. 25.)

— Robert of Dale Abbey.— Procopius. Ab. H. (July 4.)

— Ida. Cts. (Nov. 3.)

— Kenan. H. (Nov. 24.)

— Neot. C. (Julysi-)— Ecian. B.C. (Feb. 11.)

— Conrad. C. (Feb. 19.)— Robert of Dale Abbey, (n.d.)

— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.)

— Macrina. W. (Jan. 14).

— Alexis.

Ibid.

C. (July 17.)

St. Anastasia.— Afra. M.— Concordia.— Justus. M,— Policronius.— Benjamin.— Ischyrion— Barbara.— Theodore,

25.)V.M. (Dec.

(Aug. 5.)

V.M. (Aug. 13.)

(Aug. 6.)

B.M. (Feb. 17.)

D.M. (Mar. 31.)

M. (Dec. 22.)

V.M. (Dec. 4.)

M. (Nov. 9.)


St. Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.)— Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)— Nicholas.— Thomas.— Sivibert.— Athanasia— Humbert.

C. (Sep. ID.)

Dr.C. (Mar. 7.)

B.C. (Mar. i.)

W. Abs. (Aug. 14.)

C. (Mar. 25.)

— Xenia. Abs. (Jan. 24.)— Mederic. P. Ab. (Aug. 29.)— Nicholas. C. (Sep. 10.)— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.)

— John Nepomucen. (May 16.)


St. George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Abercius. B.C. (Oct. 22.)— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.)— Marcellus. M. (Sep. 4.)— Sabinus. (Dec. 30.)— Castorius. M. (July 7.)— Auxentius. B. (Dec. 18.)

— Gregory. Pope. (Nov. 28.)

— Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.)— Sabina. W. (Jan. 30.)

— John. H. (Mar. 19.)

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Margaret. V. (Jan. 28.)— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)

Bl. Bridget of Holland, (n.d.)

St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.)

218

Saints and their EmblemsStilling a Tempest

by prayer

j> • .

at sea....Stocks

hands in them, nails in his shouldersreleasing prisoners from stocks

Stolein his handaround a dragon's neck

Stoneon his headand club in his handcutting it, with a scythelarge stone in his armsin her handin his hand

ti • •

in his hand, an eye on each face of it

near himsaint as a nun, carrjring it

on his shoulderpressing it, to his breast

red-hot, in his handtied round his neck, in a river

sitting on it .

and sword in his hand .

tied to neck

Stonesat his feet ....on a book, in his hand(as a child) with three stones in his handdevil throwing them on himfive, on a booktied to his feet

in his chasublein his handin her lap

in his lap, between two boys with stones

on his head and shoulders

and sword ....crushed between two stones

Stonedby executioners

by a devil

and dragged by her feet

at a stake

Stoolseated on a red-hot stool

Stoup(of Holy Water) and palmfm her hands

Strangled

with a cloth

St Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.)

Albert of Siena. H. (n.d.)

Philibert. Ab. (Aug. 22.)

Quintin. M.Leonard. H.

(Oct. 31.)

(Nov. 6.)

— Paul. B.M. (June 7.)— Romanus. Abp. (Oct. 23.)— Marcellus. B. (Nov. i.)

— Armagill. C. (Aug. 16.)

— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.)— Timothy. B.M. (Jan. 24.)— Albert. C. (n.d.)— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)— Theodosia. V.M. (Apr. 2.)— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.)— Zeno. M. (n.d.)

Zacharias. Pt.

St. Jerome. Dr. (Sep. 30.)— Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.)— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.)— Barnabas. Ap. M. (June 16.)— Comgall. Ab. (May 10.)— Florian. M. (May 4.)— Fiacre. H. (Aug. 30.)— Pancras. M. (May 12.)— Callixtus. P.M. (Oct. 14.)— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)— Symphrosa. M. (July 18.)

Saints and their EmblemsStrangled

—

continuedin prison

with a ropeand stabbed with a bodkinby two women, with a napkinwith her veil .

Striking waterfrom a rock

Sunon their breasts

a • •

in his handwith I H S, in his handoverhead, crescent moon underfootradiant above, saint spreading his cloak

Sunbeamabove himhis gloves on a simbeam

1] •

hanging his axe on a sunbeamhanging her gloves on a sunbeamhanging his gloves on a sunbeam

hanging her mantle on a sunbeam

hanging his mantle on a sunbeam

mantle hung on a sunbeam

Suppressinga fire, in a burning towna fire, with crosier

a fire, by prayeran inundation, with his cross

the flooded Rhone

Surcoatred, an arrow in his handred with white cross on it

Swannear him

,, • • .

Swansat his side

two, near him .

Sweeping a Church .

Swordacross his breast

across his breast, flames in his handacross his head, another in his breast

and alms bag .

angel giving

armour, mitre and mantleand bannerbanner, and cross

and bookand book (open)

on bookand chalice

St. Romanus. M, (Nov. i8.)

— Beatrix. M. (July 29.)— Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.)— Alkelda. V.M. (n.d.)

— Ludmilla. V.M. (Sep. 16.)

— Aphraates. H. (Apr. 7.)

Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov.— Corentin.— Paternus.— Gummar.— Ladislas.— Amatus.

B. (Dec. 12.)

B.C. (Apr. 15.)

C. (Oct. II.)

K. (June 27.)

Ab. (Sep. 13.)

21.)

Archangels.

St. Nicholas. C. (Sep. 10.)

— Thomas. Dr.C. (Mar. 7.)— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.)— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.)


St. Alban. M. (June 22.)

— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)— Hildebert. B.C. (n.d.)

— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.)

Bl. Utho. H. (N.D.)

St. Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.)— David. Ab. (July 15.)— Hildebert. B.C. (n.d.)

Bl. Alruna. Abs. (n.d.)

St. Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.)

— AmabiUs. P.C. (June 11.)— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.)— Eudeo. B.C. (July 7.)— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.)

— Lucanus. M. (Oct. 30.)— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.)— Gothard. B.C. (May 4.)

— Florian. M. (May 4.)— Martial. B.C. (June 30.)— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.)— Romanus. Abp. (Oct. 23.)— Clams. Ab. (Apr. 26.)

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)— Nicasius. M. (Oct. 11.)

Hugh. B.C.Ludger. B.

(Nov. 17.)

(Mar. 26.)

— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.)— Themistocles. C. (July i.)

— Tibuldus. C. (n.d.)

Manuel. B. (June 17.)• Uriel. Archangel.Angelus. P.M. (May 5.)

• Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)• Mercurius. M. (Nov. 25.)

Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.)

• Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)

• Proculus. M. (n.d.)


Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.)Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)

Ewald the Black. P.M. (Oct. 3.)

220

Saints and their EmblemsSword—continued

and crosier

cap, and fur-lined cloakas a child, holding i1|

and church, in his handscleaving his headand club, in his hands .

>> >) •

and crown, in her handswith crown of thorns on hilt

and crosier, devil with bell at his feetand dragon, saint in armour

»> >)

executioner with sword, near herand flames, at her feet

flaming sword in hand .

on a funeral pile, holding swordand gridiron in hand .

held by saint (as a player)

holding it, by its pointin her breast .

in his breast

in his breast, knife in his headin her hand

in her hand, idol overthrown near herin her hand, lamb at her feet

in her hand, piercing devil with it

in her hand, trampling on Maximinin his hand

in his hand, a beam near him .

in his hand, saint in black habit

in his hand, a child near him .

in his hand, his right hand cut off

in his hand, a well behind himin his hand, a well near himin their hands, supporting a crown between themin his head

i> . • •

and lance in his hands

,, )» '

leaning on a swordleaning on it, dolphin at his feet

and millstone in his handsand mitre, at his feet

naked, in her handnear himholding sword, one eye

and palm

and palm, saint carried

palm, and crucifix

pierced with a sword

covered with his hand

by angels to heaven

piercing book in his handas a priest, with sword

and rosary in his hands

and sceptre

and sceptre, hooded hawk near himand scroll, in her hand

St. Cj^rian. B.M. (Sep. i6.)

— Januarius. B. (Sep. 19.)— Pelagius. M. (Aug. 28.)— Faith. V.M. (Aug. i.)

— Spes. V.M. (n.d.)

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.)— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 3.)— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.)— Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.)

— Febronica. V.M. (June 25.)— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.)— Theodulus. M. (Jan. 14.)— Michael. Archangel.— Theodore. M. (Feb. 7.)— Valeria. V. (Apr. 28.)— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)— Jophiel. Angel.— Augusta. V.M. (Mar. 27.)— Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.)— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.)— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.)— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Accursius. C. (Jan. 16.)— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.)— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.)— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.)

Europa. Sibyl.

St. Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.)— MeUtma. V.M. (Sep. 15.)— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.)

AbrahamSt. Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.)— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.)— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.)— Phocas. M. (July 3.)— Protasius. M. (June 19.)— Emihan. B.M. (Jan. 28.)— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.)

EUjah. Pt.

St. Pelagius. M. (June 26.)— Sigismund. K.H. (May i.)— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.)

SS. Amicus and AmeMus. MM. (n.d.)

St. Theodard. B.M. (Sep. 10.)— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)— Donatian. B. (Oct. 14.)— Eulogius. P.M. (Mar. 11.)— Proculus. M. (n.d.)

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)— Victor. M. (July 21.)— Rudesind. B.C. (Mar. i.)

Sibylla Er3rthrea.

St. Abraham. B.M. (Feb. 4.)— Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.)— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.)— Susanna. V.M. (Aug. 11.)— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.)— Alban. M. (June 22.)— Fusca. V.M. (Feb. 13.)— Maura. V.M. (Feb. 13.)— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.)— Albert. B.M. (Nov. 21.)— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.)— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.)— Ladislas. K. (June 27.)— Olaf. K.M. (July 29.)— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.)

Sibylla Er3rthrea.

221

Saints and their EmblemsSword—continued

with seven heads on blade

spear and dragon, princess behind himand stone, in his handand stones, in his handsin her throat, lamb in her hand !

and tower, in her handthrough her neck, on a flaming pile

through his neck

,, • •

upright, in handand vase in his hand .

and wreath of roses, in her handand windmill, in his hand

Swordsthree children with swordsthree, at his feet

two, in his handstwo men with swords, one stabbing himand sceptres, standing in citadels

Tablewith money on it

with sceptre on it ,

serving poor at table .

Tables of the Lawand rod ....

Tabletin her hand ....

,, • • . •

Tabletsscholars beating him with their tablets

throwing down tablets

two, handed him by an angel from a cloud

Taming a Wild Beast

Taperchorister holding taper beside himand crosier, in his handsdevil blowing it with bellows .

dropping wax on her handheld by Christ, to his eyes

hghted by an angel

lighted, in his hand

lighted, in his hand (in a procession)

Tapersmet by people carr5ring tapers .

a wheel set with tapers in his hands

Teachingthe B.V. Mary to readteaching St. Evalasius

Tears on his Cheeks

Templebuilding, near himfalling about her(of ApoUo) falhng before him .

(of Jupiter) falling before him .

pagan temple, in flames near himstruck by lightning, near her .

struck by lightning, near him .

Tentsmaking tents

Texts. {Sm Mottoes)

St. Felicitas. W.M. (July lo.)

— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Pancras. M. (May 12.)— Beztert. B.M. (n.d.)

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)— Leocadia. V.M. (Dec. 9.)— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.)— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.)— Aquilinus. M. (n.d.)

Angel of Justice.

St. Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Victor. M. (July 21.)

— Faith and Comps. W. MM. (Aug. i.)— Albert. B.M. (Nov. 21.)— Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.)— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.)

Archangels.

St. Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.)— Tarasius. Patr. (Feb. 25.)

Moses.

St. Serapia. V.M. (Sep. 3.)— Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. 10.)

Felix. B.M. (n.d.)

Genesius. M. (Aug. 25.)

Cyril. C. (n.d.)

Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)


Ibid.

St. Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)— Rainold. Ab. (Jan. 7.)— Wivina. Abs. (n.d.)— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.)— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.)— Paul. B. (Feb. 8.)— Silvin. B.C. (Feb. 17.)— Zacharius. (Nov. 5.)— Mammertus. Abp. (May 11.)

— Caesarius. B. (Aug. 27.)— Donatian. B. (Oct. 14.)

— Anne. Matr. (July 26.)— Fausta. M. (Sep.20.)

— William. Abp. (Jan. 10.)

Zacharias. Pt.

St. Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.)— Herculanus. B.M. (Mar. i.)— Julian. B.C. (Jan. 27.)— Artemius. M. (Oct. 20.)— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.)— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.)

SS. Aquila and Priscilla. MM. (July 8.)

222

Saints and their EmblemsThistle

in her handin his hand

Thornin her footin his foot .

"

\

extracting it, from a lion's pawextracting it, from a bear's paw

Thornsbunch, in his handin his handrolling in thorns . ]

walking, with a bishop, over thorns

Threadwound twice round his thumbwinding off skeins of thread . \

Throwninto a river, millstone tied to himfrom a bridge, millstones roimd their necks

from a cliff, into the seainto a river

into the seafrom a ship, anchor around his neckfrom a tower .

into water, stones tied to her neckfrom a windowdown steps, by a judge

Thumbshanging by his thumbs, weights at feet

Thuriblein his hand ......clothed in feathers, holding thuribles . . \

in his hand, standing on a gridironnear her ......

Tiarawearing a tiara, an angel near him delivering a soul from

purgatorywith a dove at his side

and friar's habitand mitre, before him .

with two woolcombs in his handand red robe .

single tiara

and triple cross, anchor at his feet

Tilein his hand .....thrown by woman at a window, striking his head

TombdevU issuing from open tomb, saint standing over it

filling it witii provisions for the poor .

fixing crosier in St. Edmund's tomb, devil with hooknear him ....

flaming torch on his tombfountain springing from his tombglobe of fire over his tombhis tomb, with cripples and crutches near it

lying in an open tomb,, , . .

_

Ijnng in open tomb, sick praying around it

of St, Peter, saint pra3dng at it

pilgrims pra3ang around his tombreposing m her tomb .

with serpent (marked with the arms of France)

beneath it ......223

St. CaroUne.— Narcissus.

V.

B.

(N.D.)

(Oct. 29.)

— Zenaida. R. (Oct. 11.)— Gerlach. H. (Jan. 5.)— Jerom. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.)— Aventine. B.C. (Feb. 4.)

— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.)— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.)— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.)— Omer. B.C. (Sep. 9.)— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.)

Seth.

St. Palaemon. H.C. (Jan. 11.)

— Quirinus. B.M. (Jan. 4.)SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM.

o ^5.)St. Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Calepodius. M. (May 10.)— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.)— Vitalis. M. (Nov. 4.)— Eugenius. B.M. (Mar. 4.)— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov.— Maximian. B.M. (Oct. 3.)— S3miphorosa. M. (July 18.)— Serapion. M. (Nov. 14.)— Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.)

— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.)

B.C. (Apr. 23.)

(Oct.

23-)

— GerardSeraphim.St. Lawrence. D.— Lutgardis. V.

(Aug. 10.)

(June 16.)

Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.)Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.)

• Peter. Pope. C. (May. 19.)Philip. Ap. M. (Aug. 23.)Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)

Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 14.)Pelagius. Pope, (n.d.)

Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.)

— Eusebius.

Ibid.

B. (June 21.)

St. Eucherius. B. (Dec. 8.)— Ida. W. (Sep. 4.)

— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.)— William. Ab. C. (Apr. 6.)— Adalbert. CD. (June 25.)— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr.— Bardo. Abp. (June 10.)

— Deocharus. Ab. (n.d.)— Servatius. B. (May 13.)— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.)— Leo. Pope. (Apr. 11.)— Henry. H. (Jan. 16.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

— Eucherius. B.C. (Feb. 20.)

23-)

Saints and their EmblemsTongs

and hook, in her handpair of tongs, in her hand

Tonguehis tongue cut out

in his handin pincers, in his handpointing with a sword to his tonguehis tongue thrown to dogshis tongue thrown to a hawk .

his tongue torn out

Toolsgardener's, in his handslocksmith's, near him

mason's, in his handspainter's near him

shoemaker's, near him

goldsmith's, near himshoemaker's, near them

and turner's lathe, near him .

weaver's implements, near him

Toothin her handin pincers, in her hand

Torchand axe in his handsand bell in his handsburnt with a torchflaming, in her hand

aflaming, in his hand

flaming, on his gravein her handin his hand

in his hand, firing a temple with it

in his hand, a horse near him .

and monstrance, in her hand .

and palmand rosary

and sceptre

and sword

Torchesapplied to her (saint in a cauldron)apphed to her sides

applied to his sides

hanging, and burnt by torches*

and serpents, in their hands

Tornasunder, between two trees

between two palm-treeswith iron hooks

with iron hooks (at a stake)

his tongue torn outwith woolcombs

St. Fehcian.

Saints and theirTossed by a BullTowel '

' ' *

about her throat

Towerand chalicewitii chaUce and Host, in door or windowin his handholding towers in their handsand palm, in her hand, her head wreathed with rosesand peacock's feather .

vvimiu&eb

ruined tower near himstanding before a towerand sword, in her handsthrown from a high towerburning, at her side .

Town. {See City)

Tramplingon a crowon a devil

on a devil, spear and shield in his handon a dragon

on her father .

on figure of Charlemagne, sieve in her handon fire

on a heathen kingon heretics

on heretics, church in his handon a Uonon Maximinon Maximuson a paganon pagan altar, before an Emperoron a pagan, arrow in her handon a pagan, young noble at his sideon a Saracen .

aon a scimitar .

on a serpent, with apple in its mouthon serpents

on a turbanon a woman

Treasuredevil showing him buried treasure

finding buried treasure

near him

Treeblossoming, his relics passing it

bound to it by his bowels, and scourgedbound to a cross-shaped tree .

bound to it, in flames .

bound to it, and flayed aUve .

bound to it (man with iron hooks near him)bound to a pahn-tree .

bound to it, pierced with arrows

bound to a tree

EmblemsSt. Blandina. V.M. (June 2.)

— Adelheid. V. (Feb. 5.)— Alkelda. V.M. (n.d.)— Ludmilla. V.M. (Sep. 16.)— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.)

— Barbara. V.M.Ibid.

St. Ambrose. Dr.Thrones.St. Barbara. V.M.Ibid.

St. Wilfrid. Abp.— Praxedes.— Leocadia. V.M.— Maximian. B.C.— Christina. V.M.

(Dec. 4.)

(Apr. 4.)

(Dec. 4.)

(Oct. 12.)

(Dec. 9.)

(Oct. 3.)

(July 24.)

2P 225

— Expeditus. V.M. (July 24.)— Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.)— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.)— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19 )— Brioch. B.C. (May i.)— EUzabeth. V. Abs. (June 18.)— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.)— Amalberga. V. (July 10.)— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.)— Boniface. Abp. M. (Tuneio)— Salvator. C. (n.d.)— Tibertius. M. (Aug. 11.)— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28 )— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.)— Athanasius. B.C. (May 2.)— Optatus. B.C. (June 4.)— Fulgentius. B.C. (Jan. i.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— Germanus. B. (July 31.)— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.)— Alexander. (Aug. 26.)— Christina. V.M. (July 24.)— Mansuetus. B.C. (Sep. 3.)— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.)— Pancras. M. (May 12.)— Clara. Abs. (Aug. 12.)— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.)— Didjrmus. M. (n.d.)— Raymond. C. (Feb. i.)

— Kenehn. K. (Dec. 13.)

— Mutius. H. (n.d.)

— Gumtramnus. K.C.— Lupus. Abp. (Sep. i.)

— Acadus. B.C. (Apr. 9.)

— Firminus. B.C. (Sep. 26.)— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.)— Amphibalus. (n.d.)

— Dionysius. B.M.— Afra. M. (Aug. 5.)— Crispin. M. (Oct. 25.)— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.)— Paphnutius. M. (Sep. 24.)— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)— Januarius. B.M. (Sep. 19.)— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.)

Saints and their EmblemsTree

—

continued(cypress-tree) hanging by her hair, her feet nailed to it

felled, lying near him, hatchet in his handfelling a tree

his hands in cleft of a tree

hanging from a tree

hanging by her hair, over smokehanging by his hands to a fig-tree

in a hollow tree, covered with thorns

in a hollow tree, a man bringing him a loaf

(of Jesse) in her hand .

living in a hoUow tree .

man before him feeling a tree .

near himordering men to cut down a tree

over her, saint asleep .

praying beneath a tree

replanting a felled tree

saint as a bishop, felling an oak-tree

seated before a fig-tree

smaU tree in his hand .

tree-stock, near hima tree struck by lightning, behind himwatering a small tree .

writing her name on it

Treesbeing felled, near him .

bound to four trees

driving caterpillars from trees .

torn between two trees .

torn between two cedars

torn between two palms

Tridentin his hand .....

Trowelin his hand, a church building near himin one hand, hly and passion-flower in the otherin his hand .....

Trumpetwinged trumpet in his handsounding in his ear ....

Tubof salt, in his hand ....with three children in it, at his feet

tormented in a tub with holes in it .

Unicornat her feet .....

Vanein his hand .....

Vaseand book .....earthen vase in his handin his hand .....

ii • • • • •

of ointment, in her handand sword .....supporting a vase, Tobias with fish near him .

large vase, or urn, near him

Vasesand darts, in their hands

Veilangel bringing her a veil

wearing black veil with gold fringe

bridal veil and ring ; wheel at her side

veil and crown of thorns, in her hand .

226

— Gummar.— Boniface.— Mark. M— Salvator.

St. Theodula. M. (n.d.)

— Amator. B.C. (May i.)

— Procopius. Ab. (July 4.)— Victorinus. H.C. (n.d.)

— Angelus,. M. (May 5.)— Zoe. M. (Julys-)— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.)— Zuirard. H. (n.d.)

— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.)

Sibylla Erythrea.

St. Bavo. H. (Oct. i.)

— Gerlach. H. (Jan. 3.)— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.)— Willibald. B. (July 7.)— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 5.)— Barbatus. B.C. (Feb. 19.)— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct 17.)— Bonosus. H. (Aug. 21.)

C. (Oct. II.)

Abp. M. (June 5.)

(Apr. 25.)

C. (N.D.)

— Simon. P.C. (May 16.)— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.)— Friardus. H. (Aug. i.)

— Sophronia. R. (n.d.)

— Sturmi. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)— Corona. M. (May 14.)— Hermeland. Ab. (Nov. 25.)— Corona. M. (May 14.)— Marcellus. M. (Oct. 30.)— Strato. M. (Sep 9.)— Stephanida. M. (n.d.)

— Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.)

— Winebald. Ab. C. (Dec. 18.)— William. Ab. (June 25.)— Fiacre. C- (Aug. 30.)

— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.)— Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.)

— Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)— Nicephorus. M. (Feb. 9.)

— Justina. V.M. (Oct. 7.)

— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.)

— Mary. Pen. (July 22.)— Goar. C. (July 6.)— John. Mk. (May 6.)— Mathurin. C. (Nov. i.)— Salome. Matr. (Oct. 22.)— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.)— Raphael. Archangel.— Nicodemus. (Aug. 3.)


St. Menna. V.R. (Oct. 3.)— Paula. W. (Jan. 26.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)Sibylla Deljdiica.

Saints and their EmblemsVeil

—

continueddove giving her''a nun's veil

pld-fringed veil, lily^in her handin her hand . ~ .

marked with the face of Christ in her handsSS. Peter and Paul on either side of herstrangled with a veil

(of St. Veronica) contemplating it

white veil given to her by B.V. Mary

Veiled ....church and staff, crown at her feet

Vesselcovered vessel, in his left handof wine in his handof gold, at her feet

of wine, on a book

Vesselscarrying sacred vessels

earthen vessels, broken, near thema messenger bringing him a chalice and paten(sacred vessels) giving them to starving poor

Vestmentsepiscopal, brought to him by B.V. Mary

»> >t '

It It

putting off episcopal vestments|

angel bringing him vestments .

Vialin her hand ....of oil, at his girdle . |.

crowned, holding vials and palms

Viaticumreceiving the Holy Viaticmnreceiving it, from angels

Vinebeside him ....growing on his grave .

in leaf (in winter)

Violinin her hand ....playing it, on a stage .

Viperunderfoot, axe in his hand

Vision. {See Appearing)

Visiting the Sick

VTagonhealing a man run over by wagon

in his handsof wine, near himpreaching from a wagondrawing it towards a monastery

driving it through a ford

Walking onfire . •

fire, pig on either side

hot coals

t>'

the sea

the sea, in armour

St. Aldegund. V. Abs. (Jan. 30.)

— Eustochium. V.M. (Sep. 28.)

— Ludmilla. W.M. (Sep. 16.)

Matr.— Veronica.

Ibid.

St. Ludmilla— Remigius

(Feb. 4-)

W.M.Abp.

(Sep. 16.)

(Oct. I.)

Mary of Pazzi." V. (May 25.)

— Theodora. V. (Apr. 28.)

— Werburga. V. Abs. (Feb. 3-)

-^ Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov. 9.)— Hermeland. Ab. (Nov. 25.)

;

— Senorina. V. Abs. (n.d.)

— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.)

— Acacius. B.C. (Apr. 9.)

SS. Justa and Rufina. MM. (July 19.)

St. Mark. Pope. C. (Oct. 7.)— Ansbert. B.C.— Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.)— Laurence. Patr. (Sep. 5.)— Rembert. Abp. C. (Feb. 4.)

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)— Ildefonsus. B.M. (Jan. 23.)— NorbeTt. Abp. (June 6.)— Claudius. B.C. (June 6.)— Gallus. B.C. (July i.)

— Walburgis. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.)— Macarius. (Jan. l2.\

Principalities.

St. Petronilla. V. (May 31.)— Mechtildes. V. Abs. (Apr. io.;J5

— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.)— Davinus. C. (Jime 3.)

—lElpidius. Ab. (Sep. 2.)

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.)

— Barbatus. B.C. (Feb. 19.)

— Crescentius. C. (Apr. 19.)— Leo. P.C. (Apr. 19.)—' Margaret. Q. (June 10.)— Radegund. V. (Aug. 13.)— Sulpicius. Abp. (Jan. 17.)

— Bavo. H.Ibid.

St. Lupus.— Francis— Marina.— Lubin.

(Oct.ii.)

Abp. (Sep. I.)

C. (Oct. 4.)

V. (June 18.)

B. (Mar. 14.)

— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 19.)— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.)— Salvator. C. (n.d.)

— Tibertius. M. (Aug. 11.)

BLJohnAgni. O.P. (n.d.)

SS. Nazarius and Celsus. MM. (July 28.)

227

Saints and their EmblemsWalking on

—

continued

the sea, carrying the Blessed Sacrament

the sea, on his cloak

the sea (a youth)

water, angel leading her

water, lay brother with hima river, dry shoda river, with pilgrim's staff

Wallet .

cross, and cap .

in his handin his hand, beggars near himand scroll

over his shoulder

with a head in it

Wandin his hand

Warrior .

as a warrior

m armourin armour, with shield

St. Michael giving him a whitewith fleece spread before himwith large cross

standard with red cross

with his two sons

with sword, near her .

Washing the feetof a leper

of Our Saviour (who is as a pilgrim)

of the poor

Watering Flowers

Weaver's Loom

Weightnear hertied to his feet

tied to his feet, saint hanging by thumbstied to her feet

Wellnear him . _ .

drawing water from it .

freeing a well from a dragonof Nanterre, at her side

in a well, men stoning himnear her, scythe in her handnear him, in armour with crosier

St. Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.)— Fintan. Ab. (Feb. 17.)— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.)

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.)

— Celsus. M. (July 28.)

— Aldegund. V. Abs. (Jan. 30.)— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.)— Arbogastus. B. (July 21.)


— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.)

— James. Ap. (July 25.)— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.)

— John. Patr. (Jan. 23.)— Thomas. Abp. C. (Sep. 18.)

— Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.)— Felix. CM. (May 21.)— Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.)

— Raphael. Archangel.— John. C. (Mar. 8.)

Jeremiah. Pt.

St. Zaphkiel. Angel.

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)

— Alban. M. (June 22.)

— Benignus. M. (Apr. 3.)— George. M. (Apr. 23.)— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.)

SS. John and Paul. MM. (June 26.)

St. Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.)— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.)— Nazarius. M. (July 28.)

SS.Nabor and Felix. MM. (July 12.)

St. Quirinus. M. (Mar. 30.)— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)— WiUiam. H. (Mar. 28.)— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.)— Conyn. C. (n.d.)

— Ephesus. M. (Jan. 15.)

Gideon.St. Acacius. B.C. (May 8.)— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.)— Euphrasia. V.M. (May 13.)

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.)- Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.)— Edith. V. (Sep. 16.)— Gallicanus. M. (June 25.)— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.)— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.)— Louis. B. (Aug. 19.)

— Silvanus. M. (Oct. 16.)

— Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.)— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.)— Severus. B.C. (Feb. i.)

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.)— Severian. M. (Sep. 9.)— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.)— Flavia. V.M. (Oct. 5.)

Sigismund. K.H. (May i,

Cyriacus. H. (Sep. 29.)

Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.)

Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.)• Vitalis. M. (Apr. 28.)

Sidwell. V.M. (Aug. 2.)

• Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.)

228

Saints and their EmblemsWell

—

continuednear him, sword in his handpra3^ng at it

thrown into a well

thrown into it, by a devil

Whaleangel assisting him from whale

WheatmultipUed by him ....

Wheelbroken, at his feet ....broken, at her feet ....broken, saint crowned with white flowersdouble spiked, two men under it, angel hammering it

at her feet, another springing from a cross behindheld by Maximin, saint trampling on himin her hand, bunch of three flowers above it

with hooks, or blades, on the rimkneeUng on a wheelnear herset with tapers

standing on wheel, clothed in feathers

standing on winged wheeland sword in her handssword point entering it

tied to it, her breasts cut off

red shield charged with a white wheelblue shield, witii a white spiked wheelred shield, with golden spiked wheel

Wheelstwo, supported by post, near her

Whip. {See Scourge)

Whipping Postin her hand

Whirlbatin his hand

>>...

Wimblesin his eyes

Windlasshis bowels wound round it

at his feet . . • •

in his hand . • • •

Windmilland banner, charged with cross

as a child, holding windmill

and sword, in his hands

Windowescaping from a windowfalling from it .

giving alms through it • •

at a prison window, houses washed away

thrown from it • • •

Wolfbeside him

and lamb, on either side

bringing a ram's skin to him

bringing a strayed sheep to him229

St. Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.)— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.)— Callixtus. Pope M. (Oct. 14.)— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.)

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.)

— Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.)

Jonas. Pt.

St. Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.)

— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.)— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)

lUi.Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

St. Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.)— Donatian. B. (Oct. 14.)

Cherubim.Seraphim.Virtues.

Guardian Angel.

St. Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)

Ibid.

St. Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.)— WiUigis. B.C. (n.d.)

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.)— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.)


Sibylla Tiburtina.

St. FideUs.— Vitalis.

M. (Apr. 24.)

M. (Apr. 28.)

Acheolus. M. (May i.)

Solomon. K.M. (June 25.)

— Claudius.— Erasmus.Ibid.

Abp.B.M.

(June 6.)

(June 2.)

St. Victor. M. (July 21.)— James. Ap. (May i.)

— Victor. M. (July 21.)

— Bernard. C. (June 15.)— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.)— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.)— Verena. V. (Sep. i.)

— Serapion. M. (Nov. 14.)

— Ailbe. Abp. (Sep. 12.)

— Remaclus. B.C. (Sep. 3.)— Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.)— WilUam. Ab. (June 25.)— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.)— Mark. H. (Mar. 29.)— Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.)

Saints and their EmblemsWolf

—

continuedcarrying off a pig, near himcaught in thicket near him _ .

with goose in its mouth, at his feet

guarding his bodyleading him (saint blind)

leading him into a townwith panniers of stones at his side

at his tomb, with a child in its mouthrestoring a man killed by a wolf

Wolvesdriving away wolves from a hindguarding his bodykneeUng among them .

two, beside her

Womanaccusing him, saint holding a spade

woman with bearded face

carrying a young blind womandressed as a monk

holding his hands and feet (to be chopped off)

near him, saint drawing coins from water with crosier

restoring a possessed woman .

tempting him .....Women

two, strangling her with a napkin

Woodcanying logs, on his shoulder . . . .

Woolcombin his hand ......two, and book, in his hands . . . .

Woundin her forehead . . . . .

in her neck ......in his side ......

Wounds. {See also Scars)across his head .....dressing a poor man's wounds....razor wounds on his head ....three, in her neck .....

Wreathof flowers on her head, crown and palm in handof flowers and pahn, in her handsin her hand .....on her head, surmounted by a church .

of leaves, on her head, pahn in hand .

of roses, with bough of almond leaves and flowers in herhand ......

of roses, presented to her by B.V. Maryof roses, and sword in her hand . .

Writing" Credo " in his blood, on the ground .

her name, on the entrance to a caveher name, on a tree

music, in a bookreligious poemsin a scroll, dove over her head

St. Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.)— Vedast. B. (Feb. 6.)

lUd.St. Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.)

— Herve. H. (June 17.)— Arnulf. B.C. (Aug. 15.)— William. Ab. (June 25.)— Simpertus. B.C. (Oct. 13.)— Poppo. Ab. (Jan. 25.)

— Launomar. Ab. (Jan. 19.)— Carpophorus. M. (Aug. 27.)— Coliunbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.)— Radegund. V. (Aug. 13.)

— Fiacre. H.C. (Aug. 30.)— Galla. W. (Oct. 5.)

-^ Paula. V. (Feb. 20.)— Wilgefortis. V.M. (June 20.)— Eustasius. Ab. (Mar. 29.)— Euphrosyne. V. (Jan. i.)

— Marina. V. (June 18.)— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.)— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.)— Rodingus. Ab. (Sep. 17.)— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.)— Deo(ktus. B.C. (June 19.)— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.)

— Alkelda. V.M. (n.d.)

— Polycroome. H. (n.d.)


lUd.

St. Rita. W. (N.D.)— Lucy. V.M. (Dec.

Bl. James. C. (n.d.)

13.)

St. Peter. M.— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.)— Epimachus. M. (Dec. 12.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.)

Sibylla libycaSt. Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

Ihid.

St. Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.)

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.)— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.)— Sophronia. R. (n.d.)— Ceadmon. Mk. (Feb 11.)— ApolUnaris. B.C. (Aug. 23.)— Bridget of Sweden. (Oct. 8.)

280

Pr.ATR IX.

Îb

<îr4le_

'^^^'^^

OSTIARirS.

CViaikjble

U^h^kJ

LECTOR.

Or'phvtV of

Wf 3>m,ce

.rphr«,y4 of

ar^l of. albapparel, of.

Jipparel oj-

(âVma^lc .

appa

iib

'n^nipl^

-stole

SUB DEACON VESTED. DEACON VESTliD.

IMedisval Ecclesiastical Vestments.

PLATE X.

asuble

alb

~ manip\$

-apparel.

ciiasubl^ -

apfnrrl o^-

PRIEST VESTED. ABBOT.

Chasuble

-

iyf.

dlb -AppareL of a^b

w^ —-iandaU

BISHOP. ARCHBISHOP VESTED.

.Mediseval Ecclesiastical Vestments.

PI.ATE XL

' Charable

ST. ETHELDREDA. V. Abs. ST. WILLIGIS. B.

chaiobV

aianUe

ST. DUNSTAN. Abp. ST. CLARA. V. Abs.

Alediasval Ecclesiastical Vestments.

Ill

APPENDICESI. PATRIARCHS AND PROPHETS, WITH THEIR EMBLEMSAaron

Censer, rod and vestments. {Callot.)

AbrahamFirepan and knife. {Callot.) A sword.[Roodscreen, Wolborough.)

Abdias, or ObadiahPt. Carrjang a pitcher of water and loaves.(Ikon.) Scroll with the words, " Et erit regnumDni Amen." {Window, Fairford.)

AdamA spade. {Window, Antechapel, New Coll.,

Oxford.) As an old man. {Fra Angelica,Predella.) Receiving a wheat sheaf from OurSaviour.

AmosPt. Shepherd's crook. {Roodscreen, South-wold.) Shepherd with sheep about him.{Ikon.) Scroll with " Qui edificat in caslum

ascensionem." {Window, Fairford.)

BaruchPt. Scrip and knotted staflE. {Roodscreen,

Southwold.)

Caleb. See Joshua

DanielPt. A Uon, or in a lion's den. {Callot.)

Ram with four horns. {Chris. Kunst.) Pray-

ing between two lions. {Die Heiligenhild.)

As a satrap. {Malliot.) With scroll :" Edu-

cam vos de sepulchris vestris po-pule mens."

{Window, Fairford.)

DavidPt. Harp. {Roodscreen, Southwold.) Shep-

herd boy with sUng. {Die Heiligenhild.)

Scroll with " Deus dixit enfUius meus es tu,

ego hodie genui te." {Window, Fairford.)

Ehjah, or EliasPt. Scroll, red robe and red cap. {Roodscreen,

Westhall.) Fiery chariot taking him to

heaven. {Callot, etc.) Hairy man with

leather girdle . {Malliot. ) Sword in his hand

;

child near him. {Ikon.)

EliseusTwo-headed eagle on his shoulder.

Eve

{Ikon.)

A distaff. {Oxford. See Adam.)

Ezechiel ,. , ,

Pt. Turreted gateway in his hand.

Scroll with " Suscitabo te."'^'

Kenton.)

{Ikon.)

{Roodscreen,

GideonWarrior, fleece spread out beside him. {Die

Heiligenhild.)

Hosea, or OseePt. ScroU with " mors, ero mors tua ; ero

morsus tuus inferne." {Window, Fairford.)

HesekiahKing, with crown and sceptre. {Combs Ch.)

Haggai, or AggeusPt. Scroll with " Spiritus meus exit in

mediovestrum.'

' {Roodscreen, Kenton.

)

IsaiahSawed through the middle. {Callot.) Clothedin a sack. {Malliot.) A saw. {Screen,

Southwold.) Bearing St. Matthew on his

shoulders. {XIII. cent, window, Chartres

Cath.) Scroll with " Ecce virgo concipiet

pariet filium." {Window, Faii^ford.)

JeremiahPt. Wand in his hand. {Chris. Kunst.)Scroll with " Patrem invocahitis qui fecit et

condidit Ccelos." {Window, Fairford; Rood-screen, Chudleigh.)

JobOn a dunglull, his wife upbraiding him.{Callot.)

JoelPt. Lions near him. {Ikon.) Scroll with" In Voile Josaphat judicabit omnes gentes."

{Window Fairford ; Roodscreen, Kenton.)

Jonas, or JonahPt. Seated under a gourd. {Many instances.)

Whale and ship near him. {Die Heiligenhild.)

Issuing from a whale, assisted by an angel.

JosephHolding a purse. {Die Heiligenbild.) Escap-ing from Zuleika, who holds his mantle.{XVI. cent. Flemish glass medallion.)

Joshua, or JosueWith Caleb, carrying a large bunch of grapeson a pole between them. {Die Heiligenhild.)

Malachy, or MalachiasPt. An angel near him. {Ikon.) Scroll

with words :" Cum odia habueris, dimitte."

{Window, Fairford.)

MelchisedechAs priest and king ; holding a cup. {Die

Heiligenhild.)

281

Saints and their EmblemsMichaiah, or Michaas

Pt. As a prophet, ifild paintings of the

Nativity.) With scroll :" Invocabuntur omnes

eum et servientei." {Window, Fairford.)

Crowned holding scroll, " Deponet dominusomnes iniquitates vestras," below him. [Rood-screen, Chudleigh.)

MosesHolding the tables of the law. {Roodscreen,

Westhall.) Holding a rod and the tables ;

his face horned with light and radiant.

{Ibid.; Aylsham.) Before the burning bush.{XV. cent, window, Gt. Malvern.) Striking

the rock. {Chris. Kunst.)

Noah, or NoeIn the ark ; dove above him with olive

branch. {Die Heiligenbild.) An oar. {Win-dow, New Coll., Oxford.) Holding an ark,

a square opening in the roof. {Fra Angelica,Predella.)

SamsonHolding the jawbone of an ass. {Die Heili-

genbild.) Kneehng before the jawbone of anass, from which jets a stream of water.{XVI. cent. Swiss stained glass.) Turning thefiery foxes into corn. {Ibid.) Carrying thegates of Gaza. {Ibid.)

SethThree seeds in his hand ; a thread wound thrice

round his thumb. {Fra Angelico, Predella.)

Tobit, or TobiasHolding a fish. {Chris. Kunst.)

ZachariasPt. A temple bulding near him. {Die Heili-genbild.) Holding a stone with an eye oneach of its faces. {Stalls, Windsor.) Scroll with" Suscitabo filiostuos." {Window, Fairford.)

Zephaniah, or SophoniasPt. Scroll with " Et accedam ad vos injudicio et era testis velox." {Window, Fairford.)

2. SIBYLS WITH THEIR EMBLEMS

Sibylla Agrippa(Foretold the scourging of Our Lord.) Hold-ing a scourge. {Choir stalls, Auch. Cath.

;

Comminges Cath.) Holding two scourges.{Roodscreen, Heavitree.) Accompanjdng theprophet Jeremiah. {Fresco, Vatican.) Rose-coloured dress. {Queen Isabel's Breviary,Brit. Mus.)

Sibylla Cumana or Amalthea(Prophesied that Our Lord should be bomof a virgin in a stable at Bethlehem.) Ayoung girl holding a manger. {Roodscreen,Bradninch.) A sponge on a reed. {Rood-screen, Heavitree.) In green dress, large fursleeves, hair covered with pearls ;

" meiaPAROS " embroidered on her dress. {Fresco,Amiens Cath.) Accompanying the prophetMichaiah. {Triptych of the Adoration of theLamb, Berlin, Van Eyck.) Holding a loafof bread. {Plaque, Henderson Coll., Brit.Mus.) Accompanying the prophet Haggai.{Fresco, Vatican.) In an orange-coloureddress. {Queen Isabel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.)

Sibylla Cimmeria(Prophesied that Our Lord should be nursedby His Mother.) A cornucopia. {Roodscreen,Bradninch.) A Cross of the Passion. {Jame-son.) Holding a cornucopia and three nails.{Roodscreen, Heavitree.) A horn or cornu-copia. {Enamel plaque, Henderson Coll.,Brit. Mus.) Wearing a head ornament oftwo horns or cornucopia, and holding a horn.{Comminges Cath.) Pale blue robe. {QueenIsabel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.)

Sibylla Delphica or Artemisia(Foretold that Our Lord should be born of apure virgin and that He should be crownedwith thorns.) Holding a crown of thornsand spear. {Roodscreen, Bradninch.) Acrown of thorns. {Plaque, Henderson Coll.,Brit. Mus.) Accompanying the prophet

282

Sibylla Delphica or Artemisia

—

conti?iuedHosea. {Fresco, Vatican) Holding a crownof thorns in a veil. {XVI. cent, window,Auch Cath. ; Roodscreen, Heavitree.)

Sibylla Erythrea, or Richca(Prophesied that a virgin should conceive andbear a son.) A naked sword. {Roodscreen,Heavitree.) A white rose. {Husenbeth.) Anaged woman, or a nun, dressed in black.{Ibid.) Standing on a sphere ; sword in herright hand, scroll in left. {Fresco, AmiensCath.) Accompanied by Dionysius the Areo-pagite and holding a sword. {Fresco, Con-vent of St. Mark, Florence.) Described as

Sybilla Richca " and holding a red rose.

{Roodscreen, Bradninch; Plaque, HendersonColl., Brit. Mus.) Accompanyng the pro-phet Zachariah. {Triptych, Berlin, VanEyck.) As a nun in black. {Queen Isabel'sBreviary, Brit. Mus.) Accompaned by theprophet Daniel. {Fresco, Vatican.) Holdinga tree of Jesse. {Auch. Cath.)

Sibylla Europa(Prophesied the Murder of the Innocents.)A young girl dressed in cloth of gold andholding a sword. {Queen Isabel's Breviary,Brit. Mus.) Standing beside St. Andrew andholding a sword. {Window, Auch. Cath.)Accompanying the prophet Amos. {Fresco,Vatican.) Holding a naked sword. {Hoursof the Diocese of Salisbury; Roodscreen,Bradninch.

Sibylla Hellespontina Asponcia,Eleponsia or Marpessos

(Prophesied the Incarnation, Passion andCrucifixion of Our Lordj Holding a flower-ing rod. {Jameson.) Holding the Cross ofthe Passion. {Roodscreen, Bradninch.) Ac-companying the prophet Isaiah. {Fresco,Vatican.) Described as " Sybila Asponcia

"

and holding a cross. {Plaque, Henderson Coll.,

Saints and their EmblemsSibylla Hellespontina Asponcia

—

continuedBrit. Mus) Holding a flowering rod andCross of the Passion. {Roodscreen, Heavitree.)In grey dress with scarlet hood. [QueenIsabel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.) As " SibileEleponsia," holding with both hands a crossfixed on a rock. {Choir stalls, CommingesCath.)

Sibylla Libyca(Prophesied the manifestation of Our Lordto the Gentiles.) Holdng a lighted torchor taper. (Jameson.) A branch of myrtle.{Husenbeth.) Pincers and nails. {Rood-screen, Bradninch.) Accompanjdng the pro-phet Abdias. {Fresco, Vatican.) Holdinglighted torch. {Plaque, Henderson Coll., Brit.

Mus. ; Auch Cath.) In a cobalt blue dress,

with ermine tippet and cuffs ; a wreath inher hand. {Queen Isabel's Breviary, Brit.

Mus.)

Sibylla Persica or Sambetha(Foretold the birth of Our Lord and theoverthrow of Satan.) An old woman withlantern and open book ; sometimes with aserpent at her feet. {Jameson.) A lantern.

{Roodscreen, Bradninch.) Richly embroideredand jewelled dress and long flowing veil.

{Fresco, Amiens Cath.) Witii the prophetZachariah. {Vatican.) Holding a lantern.

{Plaque, Henderson Coll., Brit. Mus.) Holdinga lantern, a serpent at her feet. {Hours

of the Diocese of Salisbury.) Holding alantern, a dragon under her feet. {CommingesCath.) Hol(mig a lantern. {Window, AuchCaih.)

Sibylla Phrygia of Ancyra^(Predicted that Our Lord should rise again.)

Holding a cross with the banner of the

Resurrection. {Roodscreen, Bradninch.) Asthe last, but described as "Sybila Lubica."

{Plaque, Henderson Coll. , Brit. Mus. ) Accom-panjdng the prophet Jeremiah. {Fresco,

Vatican ; Carving, Ulm Cath.) In a crimson

dress, with very long hair. {Queen Isabel's

Breviary, Brit. Mus.)

Sibylla Samia, Sanne or Feto(Prophesied that Our Lord should be bomof a virgin.) Holding a cradle. {Roodscreens,

Heavitree and Bradninch; Window, AuchCath.) Accompanjmig the prophet Baruch.{Fresco, Vatican.) In a rose-coloured dress

with peaked headdress and veil. {Queen Isa-

bel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.) Holding a cradle.

{Hours of the Diocese of Salisbury ; Enamelplaque, Henderson Coll., Brit. Mus.) As the

last, but described as " Sibile Sanne." {Com-minges Cath., Auch. Cath.) Birds feeding at

her feet. {Window, St. Ouen, Rouen.)

Sibylla Tiburtina or Alburne(Foretold the mocking and scourging of OurLord.) Holding a glove, rod or scourge.

{Husenbeth.) Holding a whipping post.

{Roodscreen, Heavitree.) By the side of akneeling emperor, pointing to a vision of theB.V. Maiy and Cmld in the sky. {Window,Sens Cath. ; Fresco, Amiens Cath.) Accom-panied by the prophet Michaiah. {Fresco,

Vatican.) Holding a hand. {Roodscreen,

Bradninch; Enamel plaque, Henderson Coll.,

Brit. Mus.) Dressed in a tiger's or goat's

skin. {Jameson.)

3. PATRONS OF ARTS, TRADES AND PROFESSIONS

ActorsSt. Vitus, M.

ArmourersSt. Barbara (Dec. 4). St. George (Apr. 23).

ArchersSt. Sebastian (Jan. 20).

ArchitectsSt. Barbara (Dec. 4). St. Thomas. Ap.

ArtillerymenSt. Barbara (Dec. 4).

BakersSt. Honorius (Sept. 30).

BarbersSt. Cosmas (Sept. 27).

BoatmenSt. Julian Hospitator (Jan. 9).

BookbindersSt. John ad Lateran (Nov. 9).

Brewers^ ,^ ^^

St. Adrian, M. St. Amand (June 18).

BuildersSt. Thomas (Dec. 21).

20

CarpentersSt. Joseph (Mar 19).

ChampionsSt. Drasius (Mar. 5).

CobblersSt. Euseus, H.

Coffee-house Keepers (in Ghent)St. Drogo (Apr. 16).

CooksSt. Martha (July 29).

CowherdsSt. Etto (July 10).

CrossbowmenSt. Christopher (July 25).

DrapersSt. Ursula (Oct. 21).

DyersSt. Maurice (Sept. 22).

EmbroiderersSt. Claras, M.

FarriersSt. John Baptist (June 24). St. Eligius

(Dec. i).

283

Saints and their EmblemsFirework Makers

St. Barbara (Dec. 4).

FishmongersSt. Magnus, M.

GardenersSt. Fiacre (Aug. 30). St. Urban (Jan.

St. Phocas (July 3).

Glass-painters and GlaziersSt. James of Ulm (Oct. 12).

GoldsmithsSt. Dunstan (May 19). St. Eligius (Dec

GroomsSt. Ann (Nov. 23).

HattersSt. Clement (Nov. 23).

HoodmakersSt. Severus (Feb. i).

Horse SoldiersSt. George (Apr. 23).

HospitallersSt. Anthony (Jan. 17).

HousewivesSt. Martha (July 29).

HuntersSt. Hubert (Nov 3) . St. Eustachius (Sept

HusbandmenSt. Walstan (May 30).

InnkeepersSt Theodotus (May 18).

LabourersSt. Lucy (Dec. 13)

LacemakersSt. Sebastian (Jan. 20).

LawyersSt. Yvo (May 19).

LocksmithsSt. Eligius (Dec. i).

MasonsSt. Thomas, Ap.

MerchantsSt. Nicholas (Dec. 6).

MillersSt. Arnold (July 18). St. Victor (July 21

Miners (in Cornwall)St. Kieran (Mar. 5).

Minstrels (wandering)St. Julian Hospitator (Jan. 9).

PapermakersSt. John ad Lateran (Nov. 9).

PawnbrokersSt. Nicholas (Dec. 6).

PeasantsSt. Lucy (Dec. 13).

PhilosophersSt. Catherine (Nov. 25).

PhysiciansSS. Cosmas and Damian (Sept. 27).

Pantaleon (July 27).

I)

20)

PilgrimsSt. Alexis (July 17).

PottersSt, Goar (July 6). St. Fiacre (Aug. 30).

Ropemakers23)- St. Paul, Ap. St Catherine (Nov. 25).

SaddlersSt. Gualfard (Apr. 30).

SailorsSt. Nicholas (Dec. 6). St. Christopher

(July 25). St. Peter Gonzales (Apr. 15). St.

Erasmus (June i).

SchoolmistressesSt. Ursula (Oct. 21).

Servant MaidsSt. Sitha (Apr. 27). St. Margaret (Sept. 2).

ShepherdsSt. Wendelin (Oct. 21). St. Drogo (Apr. 16).

ShoemakersSS. Crispin and Crispinian (Oct. 25).

SmithsSt. EUgius (Dec. i).

SoldiersSt. Adrian (Sept. 8).

Horse Soldiers

St. George (Apr. 23).

Foot Soldiers

St. Maurice (Sept. 22).

StonemasonsSt.Reinoldus, C. St. Blaize (Feb. 3).

StudentsSt. Jerome (Sept. 30). St. Laurence (Aug. 10).

St. Mathurinus (Nov. 9). St Mary Magdalen(May 25). St. Catherine (Nov. 25). StGregory the Great (Mar. 12).

TailorsSt. Homobonus (Nov. 13). St. John Baptist.St. Lucy (Dec. 13).

Tapestry WeaversSt. Francis (Oct. 4).

TheologiansSt. Augustin (Aug. 28). St. Thomas (Mar. 7).

'' TilemakersSt. Fiacre (Aug. 30).

TravellersSt. Julian Hospitator (Jan. 9).

Yine-dressersSt. Urban (May 25). St. Urban (Jan. 23).

WasherwomenSt. Hunna. (n.d.)

Wax ChandlersSt. Nicholas (Dec. 6).

WeaversSS. Crispin and Crispinian (Oct. 25). St.

Stephen (Dec. 26).

St. WoolcombersSt. Blaize (Feb. 3).

284

Saints and their Emblems4. PATRON SAINTS OF

AnimalsSt. Blaize (Feb. 3).

BeggarsSt. Alexis (July 17).

BridgesSt. John Nepomucen (May 16).

ChildrenSt. Nicholas (Dec. 6).

CripplesSt. Giles (Sept. i).

Deformed ChildrenSt. Leven (Oct. 17).

DogsSt. Hubert (Nov. 3).

EloquenceSt. Catherine (Nov. 25).

ForestsSt. Giles (Sept. i).

FortificationsSt. Barbara (Mar. 31).

GardensSt. Phocas (July 3).

GirlsSt. Ursula (Oct. 21).

Heirs (male)St. Felicitas (Nov. 23 and July 10).

HorsesSt. Eligius (Dec. i) and St. Hippolytus

(Aug. 13).

Insane (the)St. Dymphna (May 15).

InvalidsSt. Roch (Aug. 16).

LepersSt. Giles (Sept. i).

Penitent DrunkardsSt. Martin of Tours (Nov. 11).

Penitent WomenSt. Mary Magdalen (July 22).

PrisonersSt. Leonard (Nov. 6) and St. Roch (Aug. 16).

SchoolboysSt. Nicholas (Dec. 6).

SchoolsSt. Catherine (Nov. 25).

ScienceSt. Catherine (Nov. 25).

SilenceSt. John Nepomucen (May 16).

SlavesSt. Leonard (Nov. 6).

SpiesSt. Guido.

SpinstersSt. Catherine (Nov. 25).

Sufferers from Unjust LawsuitsSt. Aya (Apr. 18).

ThievesSt. Nicholas (Dec. 6).

Water (running)St. John Nepomucen (May 16).

5. SAINTS INVOKED FOR

Diseases of the EyeSt. Lucy (Dec. 13). St. Othilia (Dec. 13).

Sore EyesSt. Fara (Dec. 7).

Diseases of the ThroatSt. Blaize (Feb. 3).

Diseases of the TongueSt. Catherine (Nov. 25).

Causes pressesSt. Expeditus (Apr. 19).

Eruptions of VesuviusSt. Januarius (Sept. 19).

HerniaSt. Gummar (Oct. 11).

FeverSt. Domitian (May 7).

FireSt. Agatha (Feb. 5)-

Lost ThingsSt. Gracian.

PestilenceSt. Sebastian (Jan. 20).

PlagueSt. Adrian (Sept. 8).

SlanderSt. John Nepomucen (May 16).

Storms and TempestsSt. Erasmus (June i).

ToothacheSt. Apollonia (Feb. 9).

Sudden DeathSt. Barbara (Mar. 31).

Thunder and LightningSt. Barbara (Mar. 31).

285

A HISTORY OF ENGLISH GLASS-PAINTINGWitA Some Remarks upon the Swiss Glass Miniatures of the i6th and lytk Centuries

BY MAURICE DRAKEIllustrated by Photographs and Drawings in Colour and Half-Tone

BY WILFRED DRAKEFoolscap folio, Price £2, 2s. net

PRESS NOTICES: —THE ACADEMY

Mr Drake's introduction to tiie art and craft of collecting finestained glass—English or foreign—has this initial advantage thatIt ranks amongst the most sumptuous of printed and illustratedbooks of the year. As a mere piece of typography it might standas an example of what a printed book ought to be ; its illustra-tions harmonise adequately with the text, and really illustrate it,and the general form and design of the book accentuate its in-dividuality. The book has, too, this great advantage, that itsauthor is an artist and craftsman—skilled in the work of whichhe writes---one who has already made a name for himself, notonly in his craft, but in the wider circle of those interested inecclesiastical art.

The appendices of the volume make up a goodly book them-selves

: A bibliography of Stained Glass; a special section onSwiss Glass; a list of Swiss Artists in glass of the fifteenth,sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, with their master-marks whenknown

; a short and valuable note on the shape of the leads usedin windows of various ages ; and, most important of all, a list ofchurches in which stained glass of various periods from thetwelfth century onwards can be seen arranged by centuries andcounties. There is also a very good index.

We thank Mr Drake for his excellent contribution to theknowledge and love of what is good in the craft he adorns.

THE ANTIQUARYMr Drake, himself an Exeter glass-painter of no mean repute,

has given us, in this splendidly illustrated volume, a delightful

history of the evolution, decadence and revival of English glass-

painting. Since the days in the forties of last century when MrWinston inaugurated the study of Old English glass, and gavesupreme attention to the materials of which it was composed,various good treatises elaborating the subject have been issued,

foremost among which are Mr Westlake's four volumes onHistory of Design in Painted Glass, the late Mr L. F. Day'sseveral works, and Mr C. H. Sherill's Stained-Glass Tours in

England (iQog). Mr Drake's book is, however, supplementary

to all these, and is more definite in its information ; for he writes

from the point of view of a craftsman, and also as a collector

of old examples and fragments. The fever for collecting small

specimens has reached a high temperature, and these pages are

intended in the first instance for collectors; but they will also

prove most helpful and fascinating to those who love to study

fragments and even patchwork windows in our out-of-the-way old

churches. The only drawback for such a use is the fact that

this folio volume is too ponderous and valuable to be made a

pocket companion. All that he has to tell us of English glass-

painting, from the thirteenth century onwards, is written after

a charming and clear fashion.

The long chapter on Swiss Glass will also prove irresistibly

attractive to all glass collectors and glass lovers, and will be

almost entirely novel to not a few, for no English book on this

delightful subiect has yet been written.

A chapter follows, likely to be of special service to_ collectors,

on corrosion in glass, and the important part it plays in deciding

the genuineness or otherwise of stained glass which purports to

be old. Among several appendices is a long one 6'^'"^. •'«*/. °f

painted glass surviving, even in fragments, m our English parish

churches, divided according to centuries.

Mr Drake has oroduced a splendid and ."'"^t .

'"^/^fY^volume ; it cannot fail to give almost una loved satisfaction to

the student as well as to the collector of old glass.

THE ATHEN^UMThe charm of Mr Drake's handsome. folio

-^^^^^'^.^""^^^^'Zone who is himself no mean g'^?^-P^'"*f^- "^, ^"^'/oJhes his

stained or painted glass that quite sumcient na,

•:

t, g

lake's History of Design '"..^~ks by L. F. Day; and.,881-1894: the more Recent critical books by L

^^^^.J'Stained Glass Tours in f"^f"f'

"^„ good in their way, but

These and several small^^^^'^^Xltefle^veXy of glass of the

Mr Drake, whilst treating rapidly butX^sof the Renaissance

»!,_=. T>„;ntpd architectural perioas, as weu <.

and the Decadence, supplies also much information as to thecorrosion of old glass and a variety of subtle points for the col-lector, such as the frequency of forgery. In short, although hisvolume is issued on an almost sumptuous scale, and illustratedby thirty-six full-size plates, it pleases the author to consider it

a handbook for collectors."

This fine book is too heavy to carry round, as one would desireto do. We wish that the author would publish a real " hand-book " giving the substance of it.

AUTHORThe subject of stained glass in England has never been dealt

with in so exhaustive a manner.

THE BIRMINGHAM DAILY POSTThe general usefulness of this work is a little circumscribed

by the limitations which the author has imposed upon himselfin addressing mainly the amateur and collector of old stainedglass, for it is evident that he is not only a practical workmanbut has a wide and intimate knowledge of his subject. It is for-tunate, however, that his artistic instincts frequently cause himto forget his original intention, and if the reader will take thetrouble he will find it possible to obtain a broad and general viewof the development and decadence of the art in England.

All information is given relating to the identification of frag-ments of any period; forgeries are " nailed to the counter," andthe reader will find the volume replete with information, andmost beautifully printed.

THE BUILDERThe author approaches his subject not only with the knowledge

of the technique of the craft, but with the practical experienceof the workman, qualities which impart to the treatise a classicspirit.

Mr Wilfred Drake, by his illustrations, has so ably secondedhis brother's efforts, that one must regard the work as a jointproduction, and if success attends its publication, as we hope it

may do, such success will be well deserved. A word of praiseis due also to the publishers for excellence in printing, both asregards text and plates.

BUILDING NEWSOne of the most interesting books we have read for some time,

and one to which the architect and the collector will turn withever renewed interest and profit. The author has been fortunatein his helpers, judicious in his selections, and his sympatheticgrasp of the subject is visible in every page. His book will marka record.

CHURCH TIMESA most lordly folio, finely printed on hand-made paper, and

illustrated by thirty-six superb full-page plates, coloured anduncoloured, from drawings by Wilfred Drake. This is a learned,yet absorbingly attractive, history of the art of glass-painting inEngland. Mr Drake is right, we think, in regarding the earlysixteenth century as the period at which the art reached its highesttechnical excellence, though it was then becoming secular anddomestic rather than religious. There is also a peculiar decorativesplendour and charm about the windows of that era—such as those,for example, in the Renaissance churches at Rouen—which is notfound in the severer earlier style. Mr Drake, who is himselfan artist in glass, points out that what is often called the crudityand archaic stiffness of the older work was artistically in place.

THE CONNOISSEURA bool? of unprecedented value to the collector of stained glass.

Himself a trained craftsman and a member of the fourth genera-tion of a glass-painting family, Mr Drake treats his subjectwith ease and intimacy. His lucid description and his brother'sexcellent illustrations present a clear picture of the rise and fall

of their handicraft, from the high aspirations and crude ideals ofthe twelfth century through the days of Georgian decadence tothe Pugin revival of the nineteenth century. Of the nine chaptersthe book contains the first five deal with the history of the riseand fall of the handicraft. Further minute examination is givento heraldic glass and to glass corrosion, that most valuableevidence of age. The plates are of quite exceptional value. Thebook is well got up, the paper and printing excellent, and thewhole format in the best of taste. It should take high placeas a standard work of reference on English stained glass.

[P.T.O.

PRESS NOTICES—continuedDAILY CHRONICLE

One of the most beautiful, nay, most sumptuous, books pro-

duced in recent years, and from that point of view the author andthe publisher, the artist and the printer, and indeed also the

binder, are to be heartily congratulated. But it is also an in-

teresting book to read, although the subject is not everyone's

subject ; for it is written, not merely with knowledge, which one

can find anywhere on most subjects, but with knowledge touched

with humanity, which is the kind of knowledge that we want in

a book.

Mr Drake has so much to tell, and tells it so well, that oneis really glad to read his book as well as to handle its luxurious

pages. A splendid and authoritative history of English glass-

painting, a work which is sure to occupy a standard place for

a long time to come.

ENGLISH REVIEWThis is a monument of patient scholarship and learning. The

art student and local historian will find everything they want to

know on this particular subject ; connoisseurs of glass will bestimulated in their researches, while the general reader cannotfail to be charmed by the author's style, by the printing, paperand magnificent illustrations.

THE GLASGOW DAILY HERALDMr Maurice Drake, himself a glass-painter, has written an

instructive and practical History of English Glass-Painting

(42s. net. T. Werner Laurie) for the benefit of collectors whomake this their hobby. He traces the history of the craft fromthe twelfth century, and his technical criticism of famous ex-

amples of Perpendicular, Renaissance and Stuart glass is of

much interest. He gives separate chapters to heraldry in

English glass, to the exquisite Swiss glass which is now so

popular, to corrosion as a proof of antiquity, and to general

hints for the collector, with bibliographical and other appendices.

His thirty-six illustrations, many of them in colour, are valu-

able, because they are well chosen and properly annotated. Agood deal has been written in English about painted glass, but

nothing on the technical side that is so well adapted to the collec-

tor's needs as this careful and attractive book.

THE GRAPHICMr Maurice Drake's fine folio is a credit to the publisher.

Mr Drake makes a hobby of his art, but unlike many enthusiasts

he has a sense of humour and perspective.

IRISH TIMESThis is a splendid monograph upon stained glass from the

earliest times in England to the present. It is a book alike for

the average reader and for the specialist, containing much of

general interest and also special information.

Of the illustrations we have not space to write adequately.

One of the most beautiful is a reproduction of a glass windowby Hans Holbein—an exquisite girl-mother and child. The bookends with good appendices, giving us lists in chronological order

of the finest glass windows extant.

LIBRARY ASSOCIATION RECORDIt is seldom that one finds a craftsman so enthusiastic and so

well qualified to speak of his work as Mr Maurice Drake's latest

book proves him to be.

LIVERPOOL DAILY POST AND MERCURYA very valuable addition to the literature relating to an art

both useful and beautiful is Mr Maurice Drake's A History of

Glass-Painting: with Some Remarks upon the Swiss Glass

Miniatures of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (T.

Werner Laurie Ltd.), a work in connection with which a wordof acknowledgment is due to the publisher for the admirable

manner in which it is produced, paper, type and illustrations

being of the best. The latter, thirty-six in number, are from

drawings by Mr Wilfred Drake, reproducing examples of

stained-glass work, chiefly such details as are most useful jn

illustration of the text and also as a guide in studying the details

of the subject. Beginning with an introduction in which he

touches on the early legend and tradition regarding an art the

beginnings of which are unknown, Mr Drake gives interesting

particulars that show the high esteem in which glass-making and

its makers were held in early times, various privileges and

immunities being enjoyed. In successive chapters the differing

materials, methods and characteristics of the art from the twelfth

to the fifteenth century are dealt with in a practical and informing

manner of much utility to students and collectors. Mr Drake's

chapter on " Corrosion " is one of especial value, for upon a

proper understanding of this condition of old glass the connoisseur

is almost entirely dependent in endeavouring to ascertain the

date of any example submitted to him. There is also a very

instructive chapter entitled " The Collector," which throws muchlight on the many points to be borne in mind in the pursuit of abranch of antiquarian study which yearly grows in favour with

persons endowed with money and leisure.

THE OBSERVERThe bibliography of stained glass, extending to eight large

folio pages and appended to Mr Maurice Drake's History ofEnglish Glass-Painting contains not a single book that canbe said to cover anything like the same ground as that over

which Mr Drake ranges with unchallenged authority. It is not

likely that his exhaustive book will be superseded for a long timeto come.

THE SATURDAY REVIEWTo unearth what was ruthlessly wrenched out by religious

zealots, eighteenth-century architects, or ignorant churchwardensis one of the objects of Mr Drake's delightfully attractive book.

It is admirably arranged for reference, except for rough edges

and page numbering far within the margin, with lists of con-

tents, chapter headings and indices, besides excellent recapitu-

lating summaries at the close of every chapter, and explanations

in front of the beautiful and numerous plates. The author, whomodestly calls his substantial treatise a handbook, not only holds

his reader, but coaches and liberally crams him. The technical

side of manufacture includes an interesting illustration of ancient

tools, some of which could not have been so clumsy as we are

apt to suppose. It would puzzle a modern glazier to shape rubyglass as did the old monks with their grosing irons.

THE SCOTSMANThe chief value of Mr Drake's treatise on the subject is the

exhaustive survey it gives of the technique of glass-painting in

England from the earliest times. The book is a history of the

art very different from the ordinary survey. It is very evidently

the result of a most careful and exhaustive study of its subject

in its technical aspects, while the author's archaeological andtechnical lore is qualified throughout by a profound admirationfor an art which he maintains has never entirely died in this

country. The book, which is illustrated by a number of coloured

drawings, is one which no one who has the least interest in

stained glass can afford to overlook, since he may be certain that,

however much he knows, there is a good deal Mr Drake can

teach him.

THE STANDARDThis beautifully printed folio volume has the advantage of

having been written by a practical glass-painter. The dedication," To my Father, in gratitude for two good things—a pleasant

handicraft and a jolly little country shop to work in," suggests

his enthusiasm for the subject and his authority, which last is

made weightier by the fact that Mr Drake's great-uncle took part

in the Pugin revival. Knowing all about the subject, both tech-

nically and historically, Mr Drake has been content to deal with

it with a special rather than a general aim. From the Gothic

point of view Mr Drake regards fourteenth-century work as the

best, but he is catholic in his tastes, and has the keenest appre-

ciation of the glories of the Renaissance. There are thirty-six

illustrations, in colour and black and white, and useful

bibliographies and catalogues, with a list of places in Englandwhere windows or important fragments may be seen.

THE TABLETIn spite of the author's self-imposed limitations upon his pur-

pose in this book, the work is one which will be found well to

repay not merely reading but study. It is on a generous andalmost sumptuous scale ; an ample page, large, clear type andexcellently illustrated, with carefully chosen examples of the

ancient glass-painter's art. And the treatment matches the type,

being carried out on broad lines and with a happy blending of

history and technical explanations, with a flavouring of personal

knowledge and observations and in places a breezy expression of

personal opinion upon controverted topics.

THE TIMESA sumptuous volume, beautifully printed, treating the subject

from the early legends and ending with a chapter for collectors

;

chapters on heraldry and Swiss glass and corrosion are also in-

cluded. The coloured plates and numerous figures in line are

finely reproduced.

PUBLISHED AT 8 ESSEX STREET

LONDON BY T. WERNERLAURIE LTD.

MCMXII*^* The Publisher will be pleased to sendyou this workfor inspection on approval and carriage free, through your Bookseller

PRINTED BY

THE RIVERSIDE PRESS LIMITED

EDINBURGH

Saints and their emblems

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