Personal Health and Consumer Choices

36
Personal Health and Consumer Choices Chapter Preview Working with the Photo You make many choices about your health each day. Name one type of personal health care product that a teen might use. Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care ...... 352 Building Health Skills ........................356 TIME health news ...............................358 Chapter Reading Review................... 359 Chapter Assessment ......................... 360 Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth, Skin, Hair, and Nails............................ 328 Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears .....334 Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices .............................. 340 Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely ....347 326 Ken Karp

Transcript of Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Chapter Preview Working with the Photo

You make many choices about your health each day Name one type of

personal health care

product that a teen

might use

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 352

Building Health Skills 356

TIME health news 358

Chapter Reading Review 359

Chapter Assessment 360

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair

and Nails 328

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 334

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer

Choices 340

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

326 Ken Karp

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NailsSkin

Hair Teeth

Start-Up Activities

Visit glencoecom and complete the Health Inventory for Chapter 11

Make this Foldablereg to help you organize information on personal care presented in Lesson 1 Begin with a plain sheet of 11rdquo times 17rdquo paper

1 I brush my teeth twice a day(a) always (b) sometimes (c) never

2 I apply sunscreen before going outdoors(a) always (b) sometimes (c) never

3 I make sure to have plenty of light when reading or doing homework(a) always (b) sometimes (c) never

Health Inventory

327

What do you do to take care of your personal health Find out by taking the short health inventory on this page Keep a record of your answers

1 Fold the short edges of the paper inward so that they meet in the middle

2 Fold the top edge down to meet the bottom edge

3 Unfold and cut along the inside fold lines to form four tabs

4 Label the tabs as shown

Record what you learn about the form function and care of teeth skin hair and nails under the appropriate tab

Lesson 1

328 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Building Vocabulary

The prefix epi- means ldquoaboverdquo and the root derma means ldquoskinrdquo Choose two terms from the list below that you think describe two layers of skin Identify which layer is the outermost layer of skin Add formal definitions for these terms to your notes as you read the lesson

fluoride (p 329) hair follicles (p 330) plaque (p 329) ultraviolet (UV) tartar (p 329) rays (p 331) pores (p 330) melanin (p 331) dermis (p 330) acne (p 332) epidermis (p 330) dandruff (p 333)

Healthy TeethHealthy teeth give you a great-looking smile Teeth do more

than help you look good though You need them to chew your food for digestion You also need healthy teeth to speak clearly Each tooth has a root that goes into your jawbone Roots are sur-rounded by pink flesh called gums The top of the tooth is the crown which is covered with a layer of hard white enamel

Your teeth and gums need to last a lifetime It makes sense to take good care of them Limit sugary foods and soft drinks and brush and floss often Fruits vegetables and calcium-rich foods such as milk and yogurt will help you avoid tooth decay and pre-vent gum disease

Tooth Care

The keys to having healthy teeth and gums are proper brushing and flossing Brush after every meal (or at least twice a day) with toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush Rinse with warm water or with mouthwash Use dental floss daily to remove anything caught between your teeth such as bits of food your toothbrush canrsquot reach Flossing also keeps gums healthy and prevents gum disease Figure 111 shows the right way to brush and floss

Write down three reasons why personal hygiene is an important part of health

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain how to keep your teeth and gums healthy

describe ways to clean and protect your skin identify how to care for your hair and nails

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson write down the functions of each body part discussed

Use the Foldablereg on p 327 as you read this lesson

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How to Brush

How to Floss

Be sure to brush your teeth for at least two minutesmdash30 seconds for each area of your mouth

Brush the outer surfaces of your upper and lower teeth Use a combination of up-and-down strokes and circular strokes

Thoroughly brush all chewing surfaces witha soft-bristle brush to protect your gums

Brush the inside surfaces of your upper and lower teeth

Brush your tongue and rinse your mouth

Take about 18 inches of floss and wrap each end around the middle fingerof each hand

Grip the floss firmly between your thumband forefinger

Slide the floss back and forth between teeth toward the gum line until it touches the gum line

Curve the floss around the sides of each tooth Keep sliding the floss back and forth gently as you move it up and down

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 329

Be sure to use a toothpaste or mouthwash that contains fluo-ride Fluoride is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay In many areas fluoride is added to tap water

Tooth Decay

Brushing and flossing also remove plaque Plaque is a thin sticky film that builds up on teeth and leads to tooth decay Bacteria in plaque feed on the carbohydratesmdashsugars and starchesmdashin the foods you eat These bacteria produce acids that can break down tooth enamel leading to tooth decay and holes or cavities

Plaque also causes tartar Tartar is hardened plaque that hurts gum health You canrsquot just brush away tartar A dentist or dental hygienist must remove it with special tools that clean and polish surfaces of the teeth

Compare How does plaque differ from tartar

FIGURE 111

BRUSHING AND FLOSSING THE RIGHT WAYBrushing and flossing regularly helps prevent tooth decay and other health problems How else can you improve the health of your teeth

Ken Karp

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Healthy SkinWhen you think of an organ you might think of something

like your heart or your stomach You might overlook your bodyrsquos largest organ which doesnrsquot lie beneath your skinmdashit is your skin Figure 112 shows the different layers that make up the skin

Your skin has many jobs It gives you a sense of touch and of temperature Skin is the first line of defense against infection It keeps germs from getting into the body When you sweat your skin gets rid of water and salts and cools your body The blood vessels in your skin allow your body to control its temperature Finally your skin uses energy from sunlight to make vitamin D which helps keep your bones and teeth healthy

EpidermisThe epidermis is the outermost layer of skin The epidermis makes new cells which replace old cells that shed from the outer part of the skin

DermisThe dermis is the skinrsquos inner layer The dermis contains blood vessels nerve endings hair follicles sweat glands and oil glands

Oil glandOil glands produce oils that keep the skin soft so that it does not crack and dry out

Blood vesselBlood vessels in the skin control body temperature by allowing more or less blood to fl ow through them

Nerve endingNerve endings in the skin send the brain information about touch and temperature

Hair follicleHair follicles are small sacs in the dermis from which hair grows

Sweat glandSweat glands in the dermis produce perspiration which is a mixture of water and salts

PorePores are tiny openings in the skin that allow perspiration to escape When perspiration evaporates from the skinrsquos surface the skin is cooled

Subcutaneous layerThe subcutaneous layer is a layer of fat cells underneath the dermis

330 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 112

PARTS OF THE SKINEach layer of the skin has a different function What layer of the skin has structures that keep the skin from drying out

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UV Index

11+1+11+

1010

9

8

10

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5

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lt2lt2Level 2 or below Low risk Wear sunglasses on bright days cover up and use sunscreen

Levels 3 through 5 Moderate risk Stay in the shade around midday

Levels 6 and 7 High risk Cover up wear a hat with a wide brim and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher

Levels 8 through 10 Very high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher Wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Levels 11 and higher Extremely high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Skin Care

Keeping your skin healthy can help you feel look and smell good Try these tips for taking care of your skin

bull Take a bath or shower every day Use soap to wash away dirt sweat oils and bacteria that collect on your skin

bull Moisturize dry skin with lotion Dry or cracked skin can itch or become irritated

bull Limit time spent in the sun and avoid tanning beds When you go outdoors wear sunscreen to protect your skin from the sunrsquos rays

bull Avoid tattoos and piercings Permanent body decoration can put you at risk for disease and scarring

Sun Damage

Factors in the environment can affect your personal health The sun gives off ultraviolet (UV) rays an invisible form of radiation that can enter skin cells and change their structure Sunburn happens when UV rays damage skin cells You might think soak-ing up lots of UV rays will give you a nice tan but it will also wrinkle your skin Even worse too much time in the sun increases the risk of skin cancer Be smart protect yourself from UV rays by limiting your sun exposure and by using sunscreen

Special cells in the epidermis make melanin the substance that gives skin its color Darker skin has more melanin than paler skin Melanin can block some but not all UV rays from reach-ing the lower layers of skin

Being outdoors in the sun isnrsquot the only way you can be exposed to UV rays What about indoor tanning beds Many people use them to stay tan year-round Tanning beds also give off UV rays They can damage the skin lead to skin cancer and hurt the eyes and immune system The healthful choice is to stay out of tanning beds

Ultraviolet rays from the sun can harm skin cells How can you protect yourself

from ultra violet rays and reduce your

risks for developing skin cancer

The Dangers of Body Decoration

Tattoos and piercings are created with needles or equipment that leave a pattern of permanent dye in the skin or punch holes in the skin Dirty equipment and needles can spread serious infections such as HIV and hepatitis Even with sterile needles a tattoo or piercing can cause scarring

Write a story about a teen

whose friend wants to get

a tattoo In the story show

how the main character

positively influences his

or her friend to make a

healthful choice about body

decoration

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 331

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Topic Acne from A to Z

Visit glencoecom for Student Web Activities where you can get the facts about the causes of and treatments for acne

Activity Using the information provided at the link above create a fact sheet that contains information on acne myths and facts as well as acne treatments

Acne

Did you ever wake up on an important day only to see a huge pimple One skin problem experienced by many teens and some adults is acne Acne is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles The openings of these hair follicles onto the skin are called pores Bacteria gathers in the clogged pores making them swell up If you have a bad case of acne you may need to see a dermatologist a doctor who specializes in problems of the skin

Figure 113 shows how acne forms If you get acne donrsquot pick at it or try to pop the clogged pores In fact try not to touch your skin at all Instead wash the area with a mild soap and warm water Be gentle and donrsquot scrub too hard Washing helps remove the dirt oil sweat or makeup that can cause pores to clog

Identify What is acne

Healthy Hair and Hair CareYou might spend a lot of time and money to give your hair

ldquoliferdquo and ldquobodyrdquo Hair grows from hair follicles in the scalp The scalp is the skin beneath the hair on your head Your hair contains a protein called keratin Keratin gives hair strength and allows it to bend without breaking

Caring for your hair keeps your scalp from getting irritated Brushing your hair daily removes dirt from your hair and scalp It also spreads oils throughout your hair These natural oils help keep hair healthy and whole Wash your hair with shampoo to clean away dirt and extra oil leaving it looking and smelling clean

WhiteheadsA whitehead forms when a pore gets plugged up with the skinrsquos natural oils and dead skin cells

332 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

BlackheadsWhen a whitehead reacts to the air and darkens it becomes a blackhead

PimplesA clogged follicle can burst which lets in bacteria The follicle becomes infected and a pimple forms

FIGURE 113

HOW ACNE FORMSWhiteheads blackheads and pimples are all forms of acne that commonly affect teens What structure in the skin becomes clogged to form acne

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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

350_1

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

352_2

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352_1

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

353_1

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

null

35343273

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354_2

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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6815335

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355_2

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

356_1

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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359_2

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

NailsSkin

Hair Teeth

Start-Up Activities

Visit glencoecom and complete the Health Inventory for Chapter 11

Make this Foldablereg to help you organize information on personal care presented in Lesson 1 Begin with a plain sheet of 11rdquo times 17rdquo paper

1 I brush my teeth twice a day(a) always (b) sometimes (c) never

2 I apply sunscreen before going outdoors(a) always (b) sometimes (c) never

3 I make sure to have plenty of light when reading or doing homework(a) always (b) sometimes (c) never

Health Inventory

327

What do you do to take care of your personal health Find out by taking the short health inventory on this page Keep a record of your answers

1 Fold the short edges of the paper inward so that they meet in the middle

2 Fold the top edge down to meet the bottom edge

3 Unfold and cut along the inside fold lines to form four tabs

4 Label the tabs as shown

Record what you learn about the form function and care of teeth skin hair and nails under the appropriate tab

Lesson 1

328 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Building Vocabulary

The prefix epi- means ldquoaboverdquo and the root derma means ldquoskinrdquo Choose two terms from the list below that you think describe two layers of skin Identify which layer is the outermost layer of skin Add formal definitions for these terms to your notes as you read the lesson

fluoride (p 329) hair follicles (p 330) plaque (p 329) ultraviolet (UV) tartar (p 329) rays (p 331) pores (p 330) melanin (p 331) dermis (p 330) acne (p 332) epidermis (p 330) dandruff (p 333)

Healthy TeethHealthy teeth give you a great-looking smile Teeth do more

than help you look good though You need them to chew your food for digestion You also need healthy teeth to speak clearly Each tooth has a root that goes into your jawbone Roots are sur-rounded by pink flesh called gums The top of the tooth is the crown which is covered with a layer of hard white enamel

Your teeth and gums need to last a lifetime It makes sense to take good care of them Limit sugary foods and soft drinks and brush and floss often Fruits vegetables and calcium-rich foods such as milk and yogurt will help you avoid tooth decay and pre-vent gum disease

Tooth Care

The keys to having healthy teeth and gums are proper brushing and flossing Brush after every meal (or at least twice a day) with toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush Rinse with warm water or with mouthwash Use dental floss daily to remove anything caught between your teeth such as bits of food your toothbrush canrsquot reach Flossing also keeps gums healthy and prevents gum disease Figure 111 shows the right way to brush and floss

Write down three reasons why personal hygiene is an important part of health

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain how to keep your teeth and gums healthy

describe ways to clean and protect your skin identify how to care for your hair and nails

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson write down the functions of each body part discussed

Use the Foldablereg on p 327 as you read this lesson

328_1

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15920813

How to Brush

How to Floss

Be sure to brush your teeth for at least two minutesmdash30 seconds for each area of your mouth

Brush the outer surfaces of your upper and lower teeth Use a combination of up-and-down strokes and circular strokes

Thoroughly brush all chewing surfaces witha soft-bristle brush to protect your gums

Brush the inside surfaces of your upper and lower teeth

Brush your tongue and rinse your mouth

Take about 18 inches of floss and wrap each end around the middle fingerof each hand

Grip the floss firmly between your thumband forefinger

Slide the floss back and forth between teeth toward the gum line until it touches the gum line

Curve the floss around the sides of each tooth Keep sliding the floss back and forth gently as you move it up and down

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 329

Be sure to use a toothpaste or mouthwash that contains fluo-ride Fluoride is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay In many areas fluoride is added to tap water

Tooth Decay

Brushing and flossing also remove plaque Plaque is a thin sticky film that builds up on teeth and leads to tooth decay Bacteria in plaque feed on the carbohydratesmdashsugars and starchesmdashin the foods you eat These bacteria produce acids that can break down tooth enamel leading to tooth decay and holes or cavities

Plaque also causes tartar Tartar is hardened plaque that hurts gum health You canrsquot just brush away tartar A dentist or dental hygienist must remove it with special tools that clean and polish surfaces of the teeth

Compare How does plaque differ from tartar

FIGURE 111

BRUSHING AND FLOSSING THE RIGHT WAYBrushing and flossing regularly helps prevent tooth decay and other health problems How else can you improve the health of your teeth

Ken Karp

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Healthy SkinWhen you think of an organ you might think of something

like your heart or your stomach You might overlook your bodyrsquos largest organ which doesnrsquot lie beneath your skinmdashit is your skin Figure 112 shows the different layers that make up the skin

Your skin has many jobs It gives you a sense of touch and of temperature Skin is the first line of defense against infection It keeps germs from getting into the body When you sweat your skin gets rid of water and salts and cools your body The blood vessels in your skin allow your body to control its temperature Finally your skin uses energy from sunlight to make vitamin D which helps keep your bones and teeth healthy

EpidermisThe epidermis is the outermost layer of skin The epidermis makes new cells which replace old cells that shed from the outer part of the skin

DermisThe dermis is the skinrsquos inner layer The dermis contains blood vessels nerve endings hair follicles sweat glands and oil glands

Oil glandOil glands produce oils that keep the skin soft so that it does not crack and dry out

Blood vesselBlood vessels in the skin control body temperature by allowing more or less blood to fl ow through them

Nerve endingNerve endings in the skin send the brain information about touch and temperature

Hair follicleHair follicles are small sacs in the dermis from which hair grows

Sweat glandSweat glands in the dermis produce perspiration which is a mixture of water and salts

PorePores are tiny openings in the skin that allow perspiration to escape When perspiration evaporates from the skinrsquos surface the skin is cooled

Subcutaneous layerThe subcutaneous layer is a layer of fat cells underneath the dermis

330 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 112

PARTS OF THE SKINEach layer of the skin has a different function What layer of the skin has structures that keep the skin from drying out

330_1

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UV Index

11+1+11+

1010

9

8

10

9

8

7

6

7

6

5

4

3

5

4

3

lt2lt2Level 2 or below Low risk Wear sunglasses on bright days cover up and use sunscreen

Levels 3 through 5 Moderate risk Stay in the shade around midday

Levels 6 and 7 High risk Cover up wear a hat with a wide brim and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher

Levels 8 through 10 Very high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher Wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Levels 11 and higher Extremely high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Skin Care

Keeping your skin healthy can help you feel look and smell good Try these tips for taking care of your skin

bull Take a bath or shower every day Use soap to wash away dirt sweat oils and bacteria that collect on your skin

bull Moisturize dry skin with lotion Dry or cracked skin can itch or become irritated

bull Limit time spent in the sun and avoid tanning beds When you go outdoors wear sunscreen to protect your skin from the sunrsquos rays

bull Avoid tattoos and piercings Permanent body decoration can put you at risk for disease and scarring

Sun Damage

Factors in the environment can affect your personal health The sun gives off ultraviolet (UV) rays an invisible form of radiation that can enter skin cells and change their structure Sunburn happens when UV rays damage skin cells You might think soak-ing up lots of UV rays will give you a nice tan but it will also wrinkle your skin Even worse too much time in the sun increases the risk of skin cancer Be smart protect yourself from UV rays by limiting your sun exposure and by using sunscreen

Special cells in the epidermis make melanin the substance that gives skin its color Darker skin has more melanin than paler skin Melanin can block some but not all UV rays from reach-ing the lower layers of skin

Being outdoors in the sun isnrsquot the only way you can be exposed to UV rays What about indoor tanning beds Many people use them to stay tan year-round Tanning beds also give off UV rays They can damage the skin lead to skin cancer and hurt the eyes and immune system The healthful choice is to stay out of tanning beds

Ultraviolet rays from the sun can harm skin cells How can you protect yourself

from ultra violet rays and reduce your

risks for developing skin cancer

The Dangers of Body Decoration

Tattoos and piercings are created with needles or equipment that leave a pattern of permanent dye in the skin or punch holes in the skin Dirty equipment and needles can spread serious infections such as HIV and hepatitis Even with sterile needles a tattoo or piercing can cause scarring

Write a story about a teen

whose friend wants to get

a tattoo In the story show

how the main character

positively influences his

or her friend to make a

healthful choice about body

decoration

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 331

331_1

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Topic Acne from A to Z

Visit glencoecom for Student Web Activities where you can get the facts about the causes of and treatments for acne

Activity Using the information provided at the link above create a fact sheet that contains information on acne myths and facts as well as acne treatments

Acne

Did you ever wake up on an important day only to see a huge pimple One skin problem experienced by many teens and some adults is acne Acne is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles The openings of these hair follicles onto the skin are called pores Bacteria gathers in the clogged pores making them swell up If you have a bad case of acne you may need to see a dermatologist a doctor who specializes in problems of the skin

Figure 113 shows how acne forms If you get acne donrsquot pick at it or try to pop the clogged pores In fact try not to touch your skin at all Instead wash the area with a mild soap and warm water Be gentle and donrsquot scrub too hard Washing helps remove the dirt oil sweat or makeup that can cause pores to clog

Identify What is acne

Healthy Hair and Hair CareYou might spend a lot of time and money to give your hair

ldquoliferdquo and ldquobodyrdquo Hair grows from hair follicles in the scalp The scalp is the skin beneath the hair on your head Your hair contains a protein called keratin Keratin gives hair strength and allows it to bend without breaking

Caring for your hair keeps your scalp from getting irritated Brushing your hair daily removes dirt from your hair and scalp It also spreads oils throughout your hair These natural oils help keep hair healthy and whole Wash your hair with shampoo to clean away dirt and extra oil leaving it looking and smelling clean

WhiteheadsA whitehead forms when a pore gets plugged up with the skinrsquos natural oils and dead skin cells

332 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

BlackheadsWhen a whitehead reacts to the air and darkens it becomes a blackhead

PimplesA clogged follicle can burst which lets in bacteria The follicle becomes infected and a pimple forms

FIGURE 113

HOW ACNE FORMSWhiteheads blackheads and pimples are all forms of acne that commonly affect teens What structure in the skin becomes clogged to form acne

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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

333_1

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

334_1

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9518678

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

335_1

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

336_1

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

337_1

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337_2

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

338_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

339_1

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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340_2

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

341_1

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

342_1

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

343_1

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

344_1

null

55396576

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
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Lesson 1

328 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Building Vocabulary

The prefix epi- means ldquoaboverdquo and the root derma means ldquoskinrdquo Choose two terms from the list below that you think describe two layers of skin Identify which layer is the outermost layer of skin Add formal definitions for these terms to your notes as you read the lesson

fluoride (p 329) hair follicles (p 330) plaque (p 329) ultraviolet (UV) tartar (p 329) rays (p 331) pores (p 330) melanin (p 331) dermis (p 330) acne (p 332) epidermis (p 330) dandruff (p 333)

Healthy TeethHealthy teeth give you a great-looking smile Teeth do more

than help you look good though You need them to chew your food for digestion You also need healthy teeth to speak clearly Each tooth has a root that goes into your jawbone Roots are sur-rounded by pink flesh called gums The top of the tooth is the crown which is covered with a layer of hard white enamel

Your teeth and gums need to last a lifetime It makes sense to take good care of them Limit sugary foods and soft drinks and brush and floss often Fruits vegetables and calcium-rich foods such as milk and yogurt will help you avoid tooth decay and pre-vent gum disease

Tooth Care

The keys to having healthy teeth and gums are proper brushing and flossing Brush after every meal (or at least twice a day) with toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush Rinse with warm water or with mouthwash Use dental floss daily to remove anything caught between your teeth such as bits of food your toothbrush canrsquot reach Flossing also keeps gums healthy and prevents gum disease Figure 111 shows the right way to brush and floss

Write down three reasons why personal hygiene is an important part of health

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain how to keep your teeth and gums healthy

describe ways to clean and protect your skin identify how to care for your hair and nails

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson write down the functions of each body part discussed

Use the Foldablereg on p 327 as you read this lesson

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15920813

How to Brush

How to Floss

Be sure to brush your teeth for at least two minutesmdash30 seconds for each area of your mouth

Brush the outer surfaces of your upper and lower teeth Use a combination of up-and-down strokes and circular strokes

Thoroughly brush all chewing surfaces witha soft-bristle brush to protect your gums

Brush the inside surfaces of your upper and lower teeth

Brush your tongue and rinse your mouth

Take about 18 inches of floss and wrap each end around the middle fingerof each hand

Grip the floss firmly between your thumband forefinger

Slide the floss back and forth between teeth toward the gum line until it touches the gum line

Curve the floss around the sides of each tooth Keep sliding the floss back and forth gently as you move it up and down

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 329

Be sure to use a toothpaste or mouthwash that contains fluo-ride Fluoride is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay In many areas fluoride is added to tap water

Tooth Decay

Brushing and flossing also remove plaque Plaque is a thin sticky film that builds up on teeth and leads to tooth decay Bacteria in plaque feed on the carbohydratesmdashsugars and starchesmdashin the foods you eat These bacteria produce acids that can break down tooth enamel leading to tooth decay and holes or cavities

Plaque also causes tartar Tartar is hardened plaque that hurts gum health You canrsquot just brush away tartar A dentist or dental hygienist must remove it with special tools that clean and polish surfaces of the teeth

Compare How does plaque differ from tartar

FIGURE 111

BRUSHING AND FLOSSING THE RIGHT WAYBrushing and flossing regularly helps prevent tooth decay and other health problems How else can you improve the health of your teeth

Ken Karp

329_1

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Healthy SkinWhen you think of an organ you might think of something

like your heart or your stomach You might overlook your bodyrsquos largest organ which doesnrsquot lie beneath your skinmdashit is your skin Figure 112 shows the different layers that make up the skin

Your skin has many jobs It gives you a sense of touch and of temperature Skin is the first line of defense against infection It keeps germs from getting into the body When you sweat your skin gets rid of water and salts and cools your body The blood vessels in your skin allow your body to control its temperature Finally your skin uses energy from sunlight to make vitamin D which helps keep your bones and teeth healthy

EpidermisThe epidermis is the outermost layer of skin The epidermis makes new cells which replace old cells that shed from the outer part of the skin

DermisThe dermis is the skinrsquos inner layer The dermis contains blood vessels nerve endings hair follicles sweat glands and oil glands

Oil glandOil glands produce oils that keep the skin soft so that it does not crack and dry out

Blood vesselBlood vessels in the skin control body temperature by allowing more or less blood to fl ow through them

Nerve endingNerve endings in the skin send the brain information about touch and temperature

Hair follicleHair follicles are small sacs in the dermis from which hair grows

Sweat glandSweat glands in the dermis produce perspiration which is a mixture of water and salts

PorePores are tiny openings in the skin that allow perspiration to escape When perspiration evaporates from the skinrsquos surface the skin is cooled

Subcutaneous layerThe subcutaneous layer is a layer of fat cells underneath the dermis

330 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 112

PARTS OF THE SKINEach layer of the skin has a different function What layer of the skin has structures that keep the skin from drying out

330_1

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UV Index

11+1+11+

1010

9

8

10

9

8

7

6

7

6

5

4

3

5

4

3

lt2lt2Level 2 or below Low risk Wear sunglasses on bright days cover up and use sunscreen

Levels 3 through 5 Moderate risk Stay in the shade around midday

Levels 6 and 7 High risk Cover up wear a hat with a wide brim and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher

Levels 8 through 10 Very high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher Wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Levels 11 and higher Extremely high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Skin Care

Keeping your skin healthy can help you feel look and smell good Try these tips for taking care of your skin

bull Take a bath or shower every day Use soap to wash away dirt sweat oils and bacteria that collect on your skin

bull Moisturize dry skin with lotion Dry or cracked skin can itch or become irritated

bull Limit time spent in the sun and avoid tanning beds When you go outdoors wear sunscreen to protect your skin from the sunrsquos rays

bull Avoid tattoos and piercings Permanent body decoration can put you at risk for disease and scarring

Sun Damage

Factors in the environment can affect your personal health The sun gives off ultraviolet (UV) rays an invisible form of radiation that can enter skin cells and change their structure Sunburn happens when UV rays damage skin cells You might think soak-ing up lots of UV rays will give you a nice tan but it will also wrinkle your skin Even worse too much time in the sun increases the risk of skin cancer Be smart protect yourself from UV rays by limiting your sun exposure and by using sunscreen

Special cells in the epidermis make melanin the substance that gives skin its color Darker skin has more melanin than paler skin Melanin can block some but not all UV rays from reach-ing the lower layers of skin

Being outdoors in the sun isnrsquot the only way you can be exposed to UV rays What about indoor tanning beds Many people use them to stay tan year-round Tanning beds also give off UV rays They can damage the skin lead to skin cancer and hurt the eyes and immune system The healthful choice is to stay out of tanning beds

Ultraviolet rays from the sun can harm skin cells How can you protect yourself

from ultra violet rays and reduce your

risks for developing skin cancer

The Dangers of Body Decoration

Tattoos and piercings are created with needles or equipment that leave a pattern of permanent dye in the skin or punch holes in the skin Dirty equipment and needles can spread serious infections such as HIV and hepatitis Even with sterile needles a tattoo or piercing can cause scarring

Write a story about a teen

whose friend wants to get

a tattoo In the story show

how the main character

positively influences his

or her friend to make a

healthful choice about body

decoration

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 331

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Topic Acne from A to Z

Visit glencoecom for Student Web Activities where you can get the facts about the causes of and treatments for acne

Activity Using the information provided at the link above create a fact sheet that contains information on acne myths and facts as well as acne treatments

Acne

Did you ever wake up on an important day only to see a huge pimple One skin problem experienced by many teens and some adults is acne Acne is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles The openings of these hair follicles onto the skin are called pores Bacteria gathers in the clogged pores making them swell up If you have a bad case of acne you may need to see a dermatologist a doctor who specializes in problems of the skin

Figure 113 shows how acne forms If you get acne donrsquot pick at it or try to pop the clogged pores In fact try not to touch your skin at all Instead wash the area with a mild soap and warm water Be gentle and donrsquot scrub too hard Washing helps remove the dirt oil sweat or makeup that can cause pores to clog

Identify What is acne

Healthy Hair and Hair CareYou might spend a lot of time and money to give your hair

ldquoliferdquo and ldquobodyrdquo Hair grows from hair follicles in the scalp The scalp is the skin beneath the hair on your head Your hair contains a protein called keratin Keratin gives hair strength and allows it to bend without breaking

Caring for your hair keeps your scalp from getting irritated Brushing your hair daily removes dirt from your hair and scalp It also spreads oils throughout your hair These natural oils help keep hair healthy and whole Wash your hair with shampoo to clean away dirt and extra oil leaving it looking and smelling clean

WhiteheadsA whitehead forms when a pore gets plugged up with the skinrsquos natural oils and dead skin cells

332 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

BlackheadsWhen a whitehead reacts to the air and darkens it becomes a blackhead

PimplesA clogged follicle can burst which lets in bacteria The follicle becomes infected and a pimple forms

FIGURE 113

HOW ACNE FORMSWhiteheads blackheads and pimples are all forms of acne that commonly affect teens What structure in the skin becomes clogged to form acne

332_1

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332_2

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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

333_1

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8784632

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333_2

null

6506683

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

343_1

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

345_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

347_1

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
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How to Brush

How to Floss

Be sure to brush your teeth for at least two minutesmdash30 seconds for each area of your mouth

Brush the outer surfaces of your upper and lower teeth Use a combination of up-and-down strokes and circular strokes

Thoroughly brush all chewing surfaces witha soft-bristle brush to protect your gums

Brush the inside surfaces of your upper and lower teeth

Brush your tongue and rinse your mouth

Take about 18 inches of floss and wrap each end around the middle fingerof each hand

Grip the floss firmly between your thumband forefinger

Slide the floss back and forth between teeth toward the gum line until it touches the gum line

Curve the floss around the sides of each tooth Keep sliding the floss back and forth gently as you move it up and down

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 329

Be sure to use a toothpaste or mouthwash that contains fluo-ride Fluoride is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay In many areas fluoride is added to tap water

Tooth Decay

Brushing and flossing also remove plaque Plaque is a thin sticky film that builds up on teeth and leads to tooth decay Bacteria in plaque feed on the carbohydratesmdashsugars and starchesmdashin the foods you eat These bacteria produce acids that can break down tooth enamel leading to tooth decay and holes or cavities

Plaque also causes tartar Tartar is hardened plaque that hurts gum health You canrsquot just brush away tartar A dentist or dental hygienist must remove it with special tools that clean and polish surfaces of the teeth

Compare How does plaque differ from tartar

FIGURE 111

BRUSHING AND FLOSSING THE RIGHT WAYBrushing and flossing regularly helps prevent tooth decay and other health problems How else can you improve the health of your teeth

Ken Karp

329_1

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Healthy SkinWhen you think of an organ you might think of something

like your heart or your stomach You might overlook your bodyrsquos largest organ which doesnrsquot lie beneath your skinmdashit is your skin Figure 112 shows the different layers that make up the skin

Your skin has many jobs It gives you a sense of touch and of temperature Skin is the first line of defense against infection It keeps germs from getting into the body When you sweat your skin gets rid of water and salts and cools your body The blood vessels in your skin allow your body to control its temperature Finally your skin uses energy from sunlight to make vitamin D which helps keep your bones and teeth healthy

EpidermisThe epidermis is the outermost layer of skin The epidermis makes new cells which replace old cells that shed from the outer part of the skin

DermisThe dermis is the skinrsquos inner layer The dermis contains blood vessels nerve endings hair follicles sweat glands and oil glands

Oil glandOil glands produce oils that keep the skin soft so that it does not crack and dry out

Blood vesselBlood vessels in the skin control body temperature by allowing more or less blood to fl ow through them

Nerve endingNerve endings in the skin send the brain information about touch and temperature

Hair follicleHair follicles are small sacs in the dermis from which hair grows

Sweat glandSweat glands in the dermis produce perspiration which is a mixture of water and salts

PorePores are tiny openings in the skin that allow perspiration to escape When perspiration evaporates from the skinrsquos surface the skin is cooled

Subcutaneous layerThe subcutaneous layer is a layer of fat cells underneath the dermis

330 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 112

PARTS OF THE SKINEach layer of the skin has a different function What layer of the skin has structures that keep the skin from drying out

330_1

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UV Index

11+1+11+

1010

9

8

10

9

8

7

6

7

6

5

4

3

5

4

3

lt2lt2Level 2 or below Low risk Wear sunglasses on bright days cover up and use sunscreen

Levels 3 through 5 Moderate risk Stay in the shade around midday

Levels 6 and 7 High risk Cover up wear a hat with a wide brim and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher

Levels 8 through 10 Very high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher Wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Levels 11 and higher Extremely high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Skin Care

Keeping your skin healthy can help you feel look and smell good Try these tips for taking care of your skin

bull Take a bath or shower every day Use soap to wash away dirt sweat oils and bacteria that collect on your skin

bull Moisturize dry skin with lotion Dry or cracked skin can itch or become irritated

bull Limit time spent in the sun and avoid tanning beds When you go outdoors wear sunscreen to protect your skin from the sunrsquos rays

bull Avoid tattoos and piercings Permanent body decoration can put you at risk for disease and scarring

Sun Damage

Factors in the environment can affect your personal health The sun gives off ultraviolet (UV) rays an invisible form of radiation that can enter skin cells and change their structure Sunburn happens when UV rays damage skin cells You might think soak-ing up lots of UV rays will give you a nice tan but it will also wrinkle your skin Even worse too much time in the sun increases the risk of skin cancer Be smart protect yourself from UV rays by limiting your sun exposure and by using sunscreen

Special cells in the epidermis make melanin the substance that gives skin its color Darker skin has more melanin than paler skin Melanin can block some but not all UV rays from reach-ing the lower layers of skin

Being outdoors in the sun isnrsquot the only way you can be exposed to UV rays What about indoor tanning beds Many people use them to stay tan year-round Tanning beds also give off UV rays They can damage the skin lead to skin cancer and hurt the eyes and immune system The healthful choice is to stay out of tanning beds

Ultraviolet rays from the sun can harm skin cells How can you protect yourself

from ultra violet rays and reduce your

risks for developing skin cancer

The Dangers of Body Decoration

Tattoos and piercings are created with needles or equipment that leave a pattern of permanent dye in the skin or punch holes in the skin Dirty equipment and needles can spread serious infections such as HIV and hepatitis Even with sterile needles a tattoo or piercing can cause scarring

Write a story about a teen

whose friend wants to get

a tattoo In the story show

how the main character

positively influences his

or her friend to make a

healthful choice about body

decoration

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 331

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Topic Acne from A to Z

Visit glencoecom for Student Web Activities where you can get the facts about the causes of and treatments for acne

Activity Using the information provided at the link above create a fact sheet that contains information on acne myths and facts as well as acne treatments

Acne

Did you ever wake up on an important day only to see a huge pimple One skin problem experienced by many teens and some adults is acne Acne is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles The openings of these hair follicles onto the skin are called pores Bacteria gathers in the clogged pores making them swell up If you have a bad case of acne you may need to see a dermatologist a doctor who specializes in problems of the skin

Figure 113 shows how acne forms If you get acne donrsquot pick at it or try to pop the clogged pores In fact try not to touch your skin at all Instead wash the area with a mild soap and warm water Be gentle and donrsquot scrub too hard Washing helps remove the dirt oil sweat or makeup that can cause pores to clog

Identify What is acne

Healthy Hair and Hair CareYou might spend a lot of time and money to give your hair

ldquoliferdquo and ldquobodyrdquo Hair grows from hair follicles in the scalp The scalp is the skin beneath the hair on your head Your hair contains a protein called keratin Keratin gives hair strength and allows it to bend without breaking

Caring for your hair keeps your scalp from getting irritated Brushing your hair daily removes dirt from your hair and scalp It also spreads oils throughout your hair These natural oils help keep hair healthy and whole Wash your hair with shampoo to clean away dirt and extra oil leaving it looking and smelling clean

WhiteheadsA whitehead forms when a pore gets plugged up with the skinrsquos natural oils and dead skin cells

332 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

BlackheadsWhen a whitehead reacts to the air and darkens it becomes a blackhead

PimplesA clogged follicle can burst which lets in bacteria The follicle becomes infected and a pimple forms

FIGURE 113

HOW ACNE FORMSWhiteheads blackheads and pimples are all forms of acne that commonly affect teens What structure in the skin becomes clogged to form acne

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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

333_1

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

334_1

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9518678

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

335_1

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

336_1

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

337_1

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

338_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

339_1

null

7520698

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

352_2

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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358_2

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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359_2

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Healthy SkinWhen you think of an organ you might think of something

like your heart or your stomach You might overlook your bodyrsquos largest organ which doesnrsquot lie beneath your skinmdashit is your skin Figure 112 shows the different layers that make up the skin

Your skin has many jobs It gives you a sense of touch and of temperature Skin is the first line of defense against infection It keeps germs from getting into the body When you sweat your skin gets rid of water and salts and cools your body The blood vessels in your skin allow your body to control its temperature Finally your skin uses energy from sunlight to make vitamin D which helps keep your bones and teeth healthy

EpidermisThe epidermis is the outermost layer of skin The epidermis makes new cells which replace old cells that shed from the outer part of the skin

DermisThe dermis is the skinrsquos inner layer The dermis contains blood vessels nerve endings hair follicles sweat glands and oil glands

Oil glandOil glands produce oils that keep the skin soft so that it does not crack and dry out

Blood vesselBlood vessels in the skin control body temperature by allowing more or less blood to fl ow through them

Nerve endingNerve endings in the skin send the brain information about touch and temperature

Hair follicleHair follicles are small sacs in the dermis from which hair grows

Sweat glandSweat glands in the dermis produce perspiration which is a mixture of water and salts

PorePores are tiny openings in the skin that allow perspiration to escape When perspiration evaporates from the skinrsquos surface the skin is cooled

Subcutaneous layerThe subcutaneous layer is a layer of fat cells underneath the dermis

330 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 112

PARTS OF THE SKINEach layer of the skin has a different function What layer of the skin has structures that keep the skin from drying out

330_1

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UV Index

11+1+11+

1010

9

8

10

9

8

7

6

7

6

5

4

3

5

4

3

lt2lt2Level 2 or below Low risk Wear sunglasses on bright days cover up and use sunscreen

Levels 3 through 5 Moderate risk Stay in the shade around midday

Levels 6 and 7 High risk Cover up wear a hat with a wide brim and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher

Levels 8 through 10 Very high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher Wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Levels 11 and higher Extremely high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Skin Care

Keeping your skin healthy can help you feel look and smell good Try these tips for taking care of your skin

bull Take a bath or shower every day Use soap to wash away dirt sweat oils and bacteria that collect on your skin

bull Moisturize dry skin with lotion Dry or cracked skin can itch or become irritated

bull Limit time spent in the sun and avoid tanning beds When you go outdoors wear sunscreen to protect your skin from the sunrsquos rays

bull Avoid tattoos and piercings Permanent body decoration can put you at risk for disease and scarring

Sun Damage

Factors in the environment can affect your personal health The sun gives off ultraviolet (UV) rays an invisible form of radiation that can enter skin cells and change their structure Sunburn happens when UV rays damage skin cells You might think soak-ing up lots of UV rays will give you a nice tan but it will also wrinkle your skin Even worse too much time in the sun increases the risk of skin cancer Be smart protect yourself from UV rays by limiting your sun exposure and by using sunscreen

Special cells in the epidermis make melanin the substance that gives skin its color Darker skin has more melanin than paler skin Melanin can block some but not all UV rays from reach-ing the lower layers of skin

Being outdoors in the sun isnrsquot the only way you can be exposed to UV rays What about indoor tanning beds Many people use them to stay tan year-round Tanning beds also give off UV rays They can damage the skin lead to skin cancer and hurt the eyes and immune system The healthful choice is to stay out of tanning beds

Ultraviolet rays from the sun can harm skin cells How can you protect yourself

from ultra violet rays and reduce your

risks for developing skin cancer

The Dangers of Body Decoration

Tattoos and piercings are created with needles or equipment that leave a pattern of permanent dye in the skin or punch holes in the skin Dirty equipment and needles can spread serious infections such as HIV and hepatitis Even with sterile needles a tattoo or piercing can cause scarring

Write a story about a teen

whose friend wants to get

a tattoo In the story show

how the main character

positively influences his

or her friend to make a

healthful choice about body

decoration

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 331

331_1

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331_2

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Topic Acne from A to Z

Visit glencoecom for Student Web Activities where you can get the facts about the causes of and treatments for acne

Activity Using the information provided at the link above create a fact sheet that contains information on acne myths and facts as well as acne treatments

Acne

Did you ever wake up on an important day only to see a huge pimple One skin problem experienced by many teens and some adults is acne Acne is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles The openings of these hair follicles onto the skin are called pores Bacteria gathers in the clogged pores making them swell up If you have a bad case of acne you may need to see a dermatologist a doctor who specializes in problems of the skin

Figure 113 shows how acne forms If you get acne donrsquot pick at it or try to pop the clogged pores In fact try not to touch your skin at all Instead wash the area with a mild soap and warm water Be gentle and donrsquot scrub too hard Washing helps remove the dirt oil sweat or makeup that can cause pores to clog

Identify What is acne

Healthy Hair and Hair CareYou might spend a lot of time and money to give your hair

ldquoliferdquo and ldquobodyrdquo Hair grows from hair follicles in the scalp The scalp is the skin beneath the hair on your head Your hair contains a protein called keratin Keratin gives hair strength and allows it to bend without breaking

Caring for your hair keeps your scalp from getting irritated Brushing your hair daily removes dirt from your hair and scalp It also spreads oils throughout your hair These natural oils help keep hair healthy and whole Wash your hair with shampoo to clean away dirt and extra oil leaving it looking and smelling clean

WhiteheadsA whitehead forms when a pore gets plugged up with the skinrsquos natural oils and dead skin cells

332 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

BlackheadsWhen a whitehead reacts to the air and darkens it becomes a blackhead

PimplesA clogged follicle can burst which lets in bacteria The follicle becomes infected and a pimple forms

FIGURE 113

HOW ACNE FORMSWhiteheads blackheads and pimples are all forms of acne that commonly affect teens What structure in the skin becomes clogged to form acne

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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

339_1

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

343_1

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

344_1

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

345_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

346_1

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
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UV Index

11+1+11+

1010

9

8

10

9

8

7

6

7

6

5

4

3

5

4

3

lt2lt2Level 2 or below Low risk Wear sunglasses on bright days cover up and use sunscreen

Levels 3 through 5 Moderate risk Stay in the shade around midday

Levels 6 and 7 High risk Cover up wear a hat with a wide brim and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher

Levels 8 through 10 Very high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher Wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Levels 11 and higher Extremely high risk Avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and wear protective clothing and sunglasses

Skin Care

Keeping your skin healthy can help you feel look and smell good Try these tips for taking care of your skin

bull Take a bath or shower every day Use soap to wash away dirt sweat oils and bacteria that collect on your skin

bull Moisturize dry skin with lotion Dry or cracked skin can itch or become irritated

bull Limit time spent in the sun and avoid tanning beds When you go outdoors wear sunscreen to protect your skin from the sunrsquos rays

bull Avoid tattoos and piercings Permanent body decoration can put you at risk for disease and scarring

Sun Damage

Factors in the environment can affect your personal health The sun gives off ultraviolet (UV) rays an invisible form of radiation that can enter skin cells and change their structure Sunburn happens when UV rays damage skin cells You might think soak-ing up lots of UV rays will give you a nice tan but it will also wrinkle your skin Even worse too much time in the sun increases the risk of skin cancer Be smart protect yourself from UV rays by limiting your sun exposure and by using sunscreen

Special cells in the epidermis make melanin the substance that gives skin its color Darker skin has more melanin than paler skin Melanin can block some but not all UV rays from reach-ing the lower layers of skin

Being outdoors in the sun isnrsquot the only way you can be exposed to UV rays What about indoor tanning beds Many people use them to stay tan year-round Tanning beds also give off UV rays They can damage the skin lead to skin cancer and hurt the eyes and immune system The healthful choice is to stay out of tanning beds

Ultraviolet rays from the sun can harm skin cells How can you protect yourself

from ultra violet rays and reduce your

risks for developing skin cancer

The Dangers of Body Decoration

Tattoos and piercings are created with needles or equipment that leave a pattern of permanent dye in the skin or punch holes in the skin Dirty equipment and needles can spread serious infections such as HIV and hepatitis Even with sterile needles a tattoo or piercing can cause scarring

Write a story about a teen

whose friend wants to get

a tattoo In the story show

how the main character

positively influences his

or her friend to make a

healthful choice about body

decoration

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 331

331_1

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Topic Acne from A to Z

Visit glencoecom for Student Web Activities where you can get the facts about the causes of and treatments for acne

Activity Using the information provided at the link above create a fact sheet that contains information on acne myths and facts as well as acne treatments

Acne

Did you ever wake up on an important day only to see a huge pimple One skin problem experienced by many teens and some adults is acne Acne is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles The openings of these hair follicles onto the skin are called pores Bacteria gathers in the clogged pores making them swell up If you have a bad case of acne you may need to see a dermatologist a doctor who specializes in problems of the skin

Figure 113 shows how acne forms If you get acne donrsquot pick at it or try to pop the clogged pores In fact try not to touch your skin at all Instead wash the area with a mild soap and warm water Be gentle and donrsquot scrub too hard Washing helps remove the dirt oil sweat or makeup that can cause pores to clog

Identify What is acne

Healthy Hair and Hair CareYou might spend a lot of time and money to give your hair

ldquoliferdquo and ldquobodyrdquo Hair grows from hair follicles in the scalp The scalp is the skin beneath the hair on your head Your hair contains a protein called keratin Keratin gives hair strength and allows it to bend without breaking

Caring for your hair keeps your scalp from getting irritated Brushing your hair daily removes dirt from your hair and scalp It also spreads oils throughout your hair These natural oils help keep hair healthy and whole Wash your hair with shampoo to clean away dirt and extra oil leaving it looking and smelling clean

WhiteheadsA whitehead forms when a pore gets plugged up with the skinrsquos natural oils and dead skin cells

332 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

BlackheadsWhen a whitehead reacts to the air and darkens it becomes a blackhead

PimplesA clogged follicle can burst which lets in bacteria The follicle becomes infected and a pimple forms

FIGURE 113

HOW ACNE FORMSWhiteheads blackheads and pimples are all forms of acne that commonly affect teens What structure in the skin becomes clogged to form acne

332_1

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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

333_1

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

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9518678

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

335_1

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

336_1

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

337_1

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337_2

null

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

338_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Topic Acne from A to Z

Visit glencoecom for Student Web Activities where you can get the facts about the causes of and treatments for acne

Activity Using the information provided at the link above create a fact sheet that contains information on acne myths and facts as well as acne treatments

Acne

Did you ever wake up on an important day only to see a huge pimple One skin problem experienced by many teens and some adults is acne Acne is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles The openings of these hair follicles onto the skin are called pores Bacteria gathers in the clogged pores making them swell up If you have a bad case of acne you may need to see a dermatologist a doctor who specializes in problems of the skin

Figure 113 shows how acne forms If you get acne donrsquot pick at it or try to pop the clogged pores In fact try not to touch your skin at all Instead wash the area with a mild soap and warm water Be gentle and donrsquot scrub too hard Washing helps remove the dirt oil sweat or makeup that can cause pores to clog

Identify What is acne

Healthy Hair and Hair CareYou might spend a lot of time and money to give your hair

ldquoliferdquo and ldquobodyrdquo Hair grows from hair follicles in the scalp The scalp is the skin beneath the hair on your head Your hair contains a protein called keratin Keratin gives hair strength and allows it to bend without breaking

Caring for your hair keeps your scalp from getting irritated Brushing your hair daily removes dirt from your hair and scalp It also spreads oils throughout your hair These natural oils help keep hair healthy and whole Wash your hair with shampoo to clean away dirt and extra oil leaving it looking and smelling clean

WhiteheadsA whitehead forms when a pore gets plugged up with the skinrsquos natural oils and dead skin cells

332 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

BlackheadsWhen a whitehead reacts to the air and darkens it becomes a blackhead

PimplesA clogged follicle can burst which lets in bacteria The follicle becomes infected and a pimple forms

FIGURE 113

HOW ACNE FORMSWhiteheads blackheads and pimples are all forms of acne that commonly affect teens What structure in the skin becomes clogged to form acne

332_1

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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

343_1

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

345_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

347_1

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
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Hair and Scalp Problems

One common problem with the hair and scalp is dandruff Dandruff is a condition that results when too many dead skin cells flake off the outer layer of the scalp Dandruff can happen due to cer-tain skin diseases It can also result from a fungus Using a special dandruff shampoo can help control and prevent dandruff

Head lice can also cause problems for the hair and scalp Head lice are tiny insects that live and feed on strands of hair and can make a personrsquos scalp itch Anyone can get head lice They spread when people share combs brushes hats or other personal items You can use a special shampoo to treat head lice

Identify What protein is found in hair and nails

Healthy Nails and Nail CareNails protect sensitive fingertips and the tips of toes To care

for your nails wash your hands regularly Use hand lotion to keep nails and skin moist Clip nails to keep them trimmed and neat Use a nail file to smooth any rough edges on your nails so they wonrsquot catch on objects and rip Donrsquot bite tear or pick at your nails The same goes for your cuticles the thin layers of skin-like tissue at the base of each nail Otherwise germs can invade the weakened tissue and infect it

What I Learned

1 Describe Name two healthful behaviors that keep your teeth and gums healthy

2 Give Examples Describe three functions of the skin

3 Vocabulary Define dandruff Describe how to treat it

4 Identify What are ultraviolet rays

Thinking Critically

5 Analyze How can the foods you eat affect the health of your teeth and gums

6 Apply What can you do to care for your nails and cuticles

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 1 Review

7 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Tisharsquos friends have invited her to join them at the beach They plan on lying out in the sun to tan How can Tisha protect her skin from the sunrsquos UV rays

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails 333

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 1

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

333_1

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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

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9518678

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

335_1

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

336_1

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

Pho

toE

dit

(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

339_1

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

341_1

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

343_1

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

344_1

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
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Lesson 2

Healthy Eyes and Ears

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify ways to keep your eyes healthy explain why people wear glasses or contact lenses describe ways to care for your ears

Reading Strategy

Organizing Information As you read the lesson create a chart that describes the functions of each body part discussed in the lesson and how to care for it

Building Vocabulary

As you read the lesson write down each highlighted term and its definition

optometrist (p 336) ophthalmologist (p 336) cataract (p 336) glaucoma (p 336) astigmatism (p 337) tinnitus (p 338) deafness (p 338) decibel (p 338)

Healthy EyesLike a camera your eyes focus light in order to give your brain

a picture of the world around you Eyes allow you to see shapes colors and motion Each part of the eye plays an important role in how you see Figure 114 shows the parts of the eye and explains how each one works

Eye Care

Your eyes need light to see However too much light can hurt them The sun can be very hard on your eyes For example you should never look directly at the sun In addition UV rays can damage eye cells You can solve this problem by wearing sun-glasses that block UV rays

Sitting too close to the television can cause eyestrain and head-aches Sit at least 6 feet away If you get eyestrain while sitting at a computer change the monitor position to cut down on the glare Reading in dim light can also cause eyestrain To reduce your risk for eyestrain and to protect your eyes be sure you have adequate lighting while you read work or watch TV

334 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Make a list of five ways you have used your sense of hearing today How would these activities be different if you could not hear very well

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

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(r)

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hard

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n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

350_1

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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6668284

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

352_2

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

353_1

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

356_1

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 335

In many ways your eyes are more delicate than your skin Protect your eyes when you are doing yard work handling power tools or playing sports that involve flying objects Wear glasses or goggles designed for these activities Wear goggles when you work with strong chemicals too These chemicals could splash into your eyes Chemical gases in the air or tiny bits of other mate-rial could blow into your eyes Even small particles and dust can scratch your cornea and cause painful injury

Donrsquot rub your eyes if something gets in them Donrsquot use your hand to remove whatever is bothering them Instead flush parti-cles out with clean water or eyedrops

Diseases such as conjunctivitis or pinkeye can bother your eyes and make them very red If your eyes feel painful for more than a short time see a doctor right away Also see a doctor if you have watery or crusty eyes

The optic nerve is actually a bundle of nerve fi bers The optic nerve carries messages about light and color to the brain which ldquodecodesrdquo them

The retina is the light-sensing part of the inner eye

The sclera is the white outer covering that protects the eye and helps the eye keep its shape

The iris is the colored part of the eye It controls the size of the pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the center of the iris It grows larger in dim light and smaller in bright light so that the right amount of light enters the eye

The lens focuses light on the retina

The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye that lets in light

FIGURE 114

PARTS OF THE EYEHere are some of the major structures in the human eye Through what opening does light enter the inner part of the eye

335_1

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Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

336_1

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

337_1

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

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(r)

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hard

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n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Eye Examinations

Do you have trouble reading tiny print on a page Does the writing on the chalkboard look blurry or fuzzy if you sit in the back of the room If you answered yes you might need corrective lenses glasses or contacts You can find out by having an optom-etrist check your vision

An optometrist (ahpmiddotTAHmiddotmuhmiddottrist) is a health care profes-sional who is trained to examine the eyes for vision problems and to prescribe corrective lenses If you already wear glasses or contacts visit an optometrist regularly Schedule a routine visit at least once a year Also see the optometrist any time you feel that your eyesight might be getting worse

An optometrist might do initial tests for serious eye diseases He or she may then send you to an ophthalmologist An ophthalmologist (ahfmiddotthahlmiddotMAHmiddotluhmiddotjist) is a physician who specializes in the structure functions and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist fits people with corrective lenses He or she also identifies and treats more serious eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma

Cataract is an eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages Glaucoma (glahmiddotCOHmiddotmah) is an eye condition in which fluid pressure builds up inside the eye If the condition is not treated promptly it can damage the optic nerve and even cause blindness

336 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Correcting Vision Problems with Lasers

Laser surgery can help correct vision problems such as nearsightedness In this type of surgery a doctor uses a special beam of light called a laser to reshape the cornea This allows the cornea to focus light differently so that a person can see more clearly Laser surgery is not for people under the age of 20 as their vision might still be changing

Do research to find out more

about laser surgery to correct

vision problems Prepare

a one-page report of your

findings

Some activities put you at risk for splashing harmful chemicals into your eyes What activities might put

you at risk for this

Age FotostockSuperstock

336_1

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8164196

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Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

berg

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toE

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(r)

Ric

hard

And

erso

n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

352_2

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 337

Correcting Your Vision

Vision specialists often treat people who are nearsighted far-sighted or have astigmatism A nearsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are up close A farsighted person can clearly see objects only if they are at a distance Many people become farsighted as they get older They may need reading glasses to see objects up close Astigmatism (uhmiddotSTIGmiddotmuhmiddottizmiddotuhm) is an eye condition in which images appear wavy or blurry Corrective glasses or contact lenses can help people with all three of these vision problems Contact lenses are clear plastic lenses placed directly in the eyes They rest on top of the corneas

Explain What are three types of vision problems

Healthy EarsYou probably know that your ears let you hear sound Did

you know that your ears also give you your sense of balance Figure 115 explains how ears control your senses of hearing and balance

Ear Care

To care for your ears wash and dry them regularly Your ears produce earwax which helps trap dirt and carry it out of the ear opening or auditory canal Use a wet washcloth to wipe off dirt and earwax on the outside of your ears Do not insert anything inside your auditory canal If you get water in your ears use spe-cial ear drops to help dry out the water and prevent an infection Protect your ears from the cold by wearing a hat or scarf that cov-ers your ears or earmuffs See a doctor if any parts of your ears hurt or become infected

An optometrist can tell you if you need vision correc-tion What are some signs

that you may need to

see a vision specialist for

corrective lenses

Academic Vocabulary

vision (VIZH uhn) (noun) the act or power or seeing sight Looking through another personrsquos glasses can make your vision blurry

Mic

hael

New

man

Pho

toE

dit

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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

(l) J

eff G

reen

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toE

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(r)

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hard

And

erso

n

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

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Imag

esta

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
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Hearing Damage

When it comes to caring for your ears the best action you can take is to protect against hearing loss Common hearing problems include tinnitus and deafness Tinnitus is a constant ringing in the ears You can get tinnitus from listening to loud music and from certain diseases

Deafness is a condition in which someone has difficulty hearing sounds or has complete hearing loss People can be born deaf or lose hearing later in life Loud sounds most often cause hearing loss The unit for measuring the loudness of sound is called a decibelNormal conversation is about 60 decibels Noises above 90 deci-bels can permanently damage the hair cells in the inner ear

To protect your hearing keep the volume down when listen-ing to music Wear earplugs when you are near loud sounds

Describe How can you protect your ears from the effects of loud sounds

Outer EarThe outer ear is shaped like a cup It acts like a funnel to collect and send sound waves through the outer auditory canal

Middle EarIn the middle ear sound waves make the eardrum vibrate In turn vibrations in the eardrum make three tiny bones vibrate They are called the hammer the anvil and the stirrup

Inner EarThe bones of the middle ear cause vibrations in the fl uid in the cochlea The cochlea is a snail-shaped organ within the inner ear Tiny hair cells in the cochlea vibrate in response to the fl uid movement They send electrical messages to the auditory nerve These messages travel to the brain which identifi es the sound

Eustachian TubeThe eustachian tube connects the inside of your throat to your inner ear The tube keeps air pressure equal on both sides of the eardrum If you feel pressure inside your ears itrsquos because there is uneven pressure around your eardrum You can swallow to get rid of this feeling This allows air to travel through the eustachian tube The extra air equalizes the air pressure in your ear

Semicircular CanalsThe semicircular canals are fi lled with fl uid and tiny hair cells When your body moves the fl uid in the canals moves This moves the hair cells These hair cells send messages through nerves to the brain helping your body keep its balance

338 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 115

PARTS OF THE EARHere are some of the major parts of the human ear What are two major functions of the ear

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary What is the difference between an optometrist and an ophthalmologist

2 Identify What roles do hair cells play in hearing and balance

3 Explain What happens when sound waves reach your outer ear

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Janet plays on the soccer team She is nearsighted and needs to correct her vision What type of vision correction do you think might be best for Janet Explain your reasoning

5 Evaluate A woodshop produces noise that reaches 100 decibels Should you wear earplugs to reduce the risks of injury to your ears while working in a woodshop Explain your reasoning

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 2 Review

6 Practicing Healthful Behaviors Imagine that you are packing for a backpacking trip in the mountains The weather will be sunny but very cold What kind of gear or clothing would you pack to pro-tect your eyes and ears

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 2

Music at a rock concert might be 140 decibels or louder Earplugs let you enjoy loud music without damag-ing your hearing What other activi-

ties might damage your hearing

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears 339For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Ric

hard

And

erso

n

339_1

null

7520698

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Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Being a Responsible ConsumerA consumer is a person who buys products and services You

are a consumer when you buy products like a snack or a movie ticket You are also a consumer when you pay for services such as a haircut

You make consumer choices all the time What types of con-

sumer choices can

affect your health

Lesson 3

Smart Consumer Choices

List two products you buy regularly Now list two services you pay for regularly How often do you make each type of purchase How do you decide which product or service you want

Building Vocabulary

Read each of the words below If the word is familiar write down what you think it means If itrsquos not guess at its meaning using word clues For example the word infomercial is a combination of the words information and commercial

consumer (p 340) advertisement (p 341) fraud (p 342) endorsement (p 342) infomercials (p 342) comparison shopping (p 343) generic products (p 343) warranty (p 344)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

explain what it means to be a consumer describe what influences your buying decisions evaluate media messages about consumer choices apply accessing-information skills when making

a consumer choice

Reading Strategy

Predicting Look at the main headings figures and captions before you read this lesson Predict the kinds of information you might learn from the lesson After you have read the lesson look back to see if your predictions were correct

340 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesFelicia MartinezPhotoEdit

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8738567

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

345_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

347_1

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

352_2

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

353_1

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

358_1

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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359_2

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 341

FIGURE 116

INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER CHOICESTeens often tell their friends about products and services they have bought and liked How can your friendsrsquo buying tips help you make a wise purchase

Most times you can choose among products and services to buy For example when you shop for shampoo many brands fill the store shelves They have different prices and are designed to target different areas of your personal health Figure 116 dis-cusses factors that might affect consumer choices Be smart about which products and services you choose

Describe What are two situations in which you are a consumer

AdvertisingYou face choices every day about how to spend your money

One strong influence on what you choose to buy is advertising An advertisement is a message designed to influence consumers to buy a product or service It describes why the product might be good for you Always remember though that advertisers spend billions of dollars to sell products and services As a result they may not explain a productrsquos drawbacks or how it compares to competing products

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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

345_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
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How do companies make their products look appealing to you

Companies make their products appealing to me with commercials If the coloring catches my eye I always like it If the company can prove that their product works then there is a higher chance of me wanting it

Bailey RMonument CO

Evaluating Advertising

It helps to be able to judge an adver-tiserrsquos claim Before you decide to make a purchase based on an ad ask yourself a few questions Does the ad present facts or opinions Does the product seem too good to be true It might be fraudulent Fraud is a calculated effort to trick or fool others

Selling medicines that have not been proven to work is a form of medical quack-ery or health fraud These medicines may offer fast or painless cures but they can be noneffective or harmful They can even keep a person from getting the medi-cal treatment they really need Talk to a health care professional or other adult if you are unsure about a medicine or other health care product

Types of Advertising

Companies use different techniques to sell products Some ads focus on peoplersquos wish to be noticed These ads claim that a brand name or designer product will make you popular

Some ads suggest that a product will make you successful or beautiful like the people shown in the ad Many ads include celeb-rity endorsements An endorsement is a statement of approval Often advertisers will pay actors or athletes large amounts of money to endorse a product

Some ads show a group of teens having fun These ads sug-gest that other teens use the product so you should too It also sends the message that yoursquoll have good times if you use the product

Ads called infomercials are long television commercials whose main purpose seems to be to present information rather than to sell a product An infomercial may look like a news story or even a TV show However an infomercial is really an ad It always features some sort of product

Explain How might a celebrity endorsement affect what you buy

342 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

343_1

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

350_1

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
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What does the product do

Do I really need the product

Do I understand how to use the product

Is the product safe Could it harm my health

someone elsersquos health or the environment

Is this product readily available or do I have to

order it

What is the unit price (the cost per unit amount)

Is the product worth the price

Is there a similar product that costs less

How does the product differ from other similar

products

Have I been satisfied with other products that have

the same brand name

What is the storersquos return policy

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 343

Think Before You BuySo how can you be a smart shopper Take some time to make an

informed decision Figure 117 lists some questions to consider before buying a product or service The Health Skills Activity on page 346 will help you become an intelligent health consumer

Comparison Shopping

One way to make smart purchases is to comparison shop Comparison shopping is collecting information comparing products evaluating their benefits and choosing products with the best value Different brands may differ in features quality or price Some products may even have generic varieties

Generic products are products sold in plain packages at lower prices than brand-name products Many generic products have the same ingredients and produce the same results as similar brand-name products Before buying read the label and compare the ingredients to those found in a similar product Make sure the generic variety has the same amount of active ingredient found in the brand-name product This can help you determine whether the product will be as effective as the brand-name product

FIGURE 117

SHOULD I MAKE THIS PURCHASEBefore you make a pur-chase ask yourself several questions to help you make a healthful choice Where can you find answers to consumer questions

343_1

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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

347_1

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347_2

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

350_1

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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6668284

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

352_2

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39635452

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352_1

null

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eng - iTunNORM 00000574 00000000 0000372C 00000000 00005068 00000000 00006465 00000000 00005E7D 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004B0 00000000001EDE00 00000000 000B2EDC 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

353_1

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

null

35343273

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354_2

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6991712

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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355_2

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

356_1

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
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Directions for Use

Ingredients

Contact Us

Warning

Shampoo

9oz

Shampoo

The name does not alwaystell you the purpose of theproduct Read the label tofind out the productrsquosintended use Pay attention to warnings

on the label Using aproduct improperlycan be dangerous

Contact the manufacturer of the productif you have a problem or question

Make sure that theproductrsquos purposefills your needs

When you compareproducts check theamount contained ineach package A brandwith a lower price maysimply contain lessproduct than acompeting brand

The order in which ingredientsare listed often reflects theirrelative amounts The mainingredients appear at thebeginning of the list If youhave allergies to certainsubstances check the labelMake sure they are not in theingredient list

For best results read andfollow the directions onthe product label

Product Name

Warnings

Directions for Use

Ingredients

Manufacturerrsquos Contact Information

ProductrsquosIntended Use

Amount inContainer

Some products come with a warranty A warranty is a com-panyrsquos or a storersquos written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly Warranties may include certain services and not others If you have to pay for a warranty read the fine print to help you decide if itrsquos worthpaying for

Reading Product Labels

One way to learn about a product is to read the product label By law labels for foods medicines and many health products must include certain kinds of information Product labels can also help you compare similar products Donrsquot be fooled by fancy pack-aging with catchy phrases Itrsquos designed to make you want to buy the product Take a look at Figure 118 It tells you the kinds of information you can find on a product label

344 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

FIGURE 118

WHAT A LABEL TELLS YOUBe sure to read a productrsquos label before you purchase or use the prod-uct What kinds of information are found on a productrsquos label

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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

345_1

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

347_1

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
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You have the right to safety

You have the right to be informed

You have the right to choose

You have the right to be heard

Consumer advocates

The Better Business Bureau

Government agencies

Small-claims court

Products should not harm your health

Product labels and advertising should not be fraudulent

There should be a variety of products at competitive prices

Government laws should address consumer issues and problems

The Consumers Union and other consumer groups help consumers settle problems

This business organization and others handle consumer complaints against local companies and small businesses

Agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission set standards and uphold laws that protect consumer rights

Judges in these state courts rule on legal arguments between consumers and businesses

The following is a list of your rights as a consumer

You may be unhappy with how a company responds to a problem If so you can get helpfrom many organizations The following organizations work to protect consumer rights

FIGURE 119

CONSUMER RIGHTSYou have many rights as a consumer How can you be active in protecting your consumer rights

Protecting Your Consumer RightsEven when you are a smart shopper you may still have problems

with your purchase A product can turn out to be faulty broken or noneffective A service may not be what you expected

Your first action is to return to the business where you made the purchase They may be able to exchange the product refund your money or help you understand the warranty If they cannot help you you can contact the manufacturer or service provider They may be able to help you replace or repair what you bought or refund the cost of the service

It helps to be organized when resolving a problem related to a product or service Have a copy of your original purchase receipt Write down the product serial number andor the name of the salesperson who helped you Also write a complete description of the problem Your consumer rights are shown in Figure 119 This figure also lists community resources that you can access to get additional help for problems with products and services

Sequence What steps can you take if you buy a faulty product

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices 345

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 3

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What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define fraud

2 List Name three of your rights as a consumer

3 Contrast How does an endorsement differ from an infomercial

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze Lotion A costs 20 cents per ounce Lotion B costs $320 for 15 ounces Compare the costs of these health products in order to assess which is the better value

5 Apply The label for Product A lists the fol-lowing ingredients 98 percent isopropyl alcohol and boric acid Product B contains isopropyl alcohol and 4 percent boric acid The active ingredient is isopropyl alcohol Which product has a greater percentage of the active ingredient

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

Lesson 3 Review

6 Decision Making Imagine that you buy an electric toothbrush from a local store When you first try to brush your teeth it doesnrsquot work properly Using the decision-making steps on page 40 show how you would handle the situation

Applying Health Skills

346 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

Accessing InformationChoosing the Right ProductWhen you plan to buy a health-related product or service learn as much as you can about it A poor decision can cost you money or even harm your health Here are some ways to research all your options before buying

bull Compare labels bull Do research at the library or on the Internetbull Talk to others Get advice from friends and family as well as from experts

With a GroupChoose a health care product or service Make a list of at least ten questions about the product or service that you would like answered Find at least four different brands of the product or four different service providers Do research to answer the questions on your list Which product or service would you choose

346_1

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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

347_1

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347_2

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
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Lesson 4

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 347

Using Medicines Safely

Drugs and MedicinesIf you feel a cold or cough coming on you might head to the

drugstore to buy medicine Remember that a drug is a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind A medicine is a drug that prevents or cures an illness or eases its symptoms Medicines can help your body in many ways Figure 1110 on page 348 gives some examples

Write about a time when you took medicine prescribed by a doctor because you were ill

Building Vocabulary

As you read this lesson write down each new highlighted term and its definition

medicine (p 347) prescription medicine (p 348) pharmacist (p 348) over-the-counter (OTC)

medicine (p 348) side effect (p 349)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

identify different types of medicines describe the proper use of medicines explain how to avoid misusing medicines practice good decision-making skills when using medicines

Reading Strategy

Identifying Cause-and-Effect Look at the headings in this lesson List three ways that medicines can help you Then list three ways that medicines might harm you if used improperly

You make important con-sumer choices when you buy medicine How can

choosing the wrong kind

of medicine affect your

health

Brian PietersMasterfi le

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7420088

Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

348_1

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

356_1

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
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Prevent disease Medicines called vaccines protect against diseases that can spread from person to person When youhave been vaccinated yourbody can make substancesthat will fight off the germsthat cause a disease

Kill germs Medicines called antibiotics kill disease-causing bacteria Antibiotics should be used with caution because improper use can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria If that happens when you really need an antibiotic it might not be able to stop an infection

Treat conditions and diseases Some conditionsand diseases can be treated with medicines For example peoplewith diabetes take insulin tocontrol the disease People with allergies can take antihistaminesto treat allergy symptoms

Relieve pain Aspirin ibuprofen and acetaminophen are three types of medicines that help reduce pain and fever Aspirin can also reduce swelling

348 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Types of Medicines

There are two main types of medicines prescription medicines and over-the-counter medicines A prescription medicine is a medicine that can be obtained legally only with a doctorrsquos written permission When you go to the doctor he or she may order or prescribe medicine Your doctor will write out instructions that explain how much medicine you should take and how often you should take it You can fill this prescription at a pharmacy A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and distribute medicinesFigure 1111 shows a prescription medicine label

An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine is a medicine that you can buy without a doctorrsquos permission Over-the-counter medicines are products found in grocery and drugstores They commonly include pain relievers and cold medications Always be careful when you use OTC medicines Follow the directions on the label If you have questions contact your doctor or pharmacist Both OTC and prescription medicines can cause serious problems if you donrsquot use them properly

Identify What is an OTC medicine

FIGURE 1110

WHAT MEDICINES DOMedicines keep people healthy in many ways How can medicines contribute to good health

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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

351_1

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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eng - iTunPGAP0

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
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Name of the medicine

Strength andor amount per container

Number of refills allowed

Expiration date

Special instructions

Name of pharmacist

Date prescription was filled

Name and address of patient

Name of prescribing doctor

Directions for use

Prescription number

Pharmacy identification

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 349

Guidelines for Safe Use of Medicines Medicines can fight disease but if you donrsquot use them prop-

erly they can hurt you One way this happens is through side effects A side effect is a reaction to a medicine other than the one intended Some side effects are simply unpleasant For example a medicine might make you feel thirsty or sick to your stomach A more serious side effect is an allergic reaction which may require immediate medical attention from professional health services Other side effects are dangerous because they might lead to injury For example medicines might make you sleepy or dizzy

You can avoid some side effects if you follow the instructions from your doctor and pharmacist and always inform your doctor of any known allergies to medicines Read the label on any kind of medicine you use It explains when and how to take the medicine Some medicines cannot be taken together Also some activities are dangerous when you take certain medicines Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you donrsquot understand the label

Identify Name one example of a side effect

FIGURE 1111

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINE LABELYour doctor or pharmacist can help you understand a prescription medicine label What types of information can you find on a prescription medicine label

349_1

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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
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350 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Misuse and Abuse of MedicinesMedicines are drugs If misused they can be as harmful as

illegal drugs They can cause addiction injury and even death If you misuse medicines when yoursquore young you can have health problems later in life For example your liver or kidneys might

fail Certain medicines can also be very dangerous to unborn babies newborns or young children A woman who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant should talk to a doctor before she takes any medicine Figure 1112 lists some ways to avoid problems when using medicines

Compare How are medicines and illegal drugs similar

Some medications have to be taken at certain times of the day How can you remember when

to take a medication

Decision MakingScheduling a DosageJason is on summer vacation He starts feeling sick and his doctor prescribes medicine for him The problem is that the medicine makes Jason feel sleepy and light-headed for a few hours after he takes it The label on the bottle says these are common side effects It warns patients not to use heavy machinery within four hours of taking the medication It also suggests eating a small meal with every dose Jason is supposed to take the medicine once a day He usually mows lawns every day after lunch Hersquos worried about using the lawn mower while on the medication

What Would You DoApply the six steps of the decision-making process to Jasonrsquos problem to help him make a healthful choice

1 State the situation 4 Consider your values2 List the options 5 Make a decision and act on it3 Weigh the possible outcomes 6 Evaluate the decision

Bill AronPhotoEdit

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Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Lesson 4 Review

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely 351

What I Learned

1 Contrast How do prescription medicines differ from over-the-counter medicines

2 Vocabulary Define side effect

3 Give Examples Name three ways you can avoid side effects

Thinking Critically

4 Analyze A certain medication makes you feel dizzy and affects your balance What activities should you avoid while you are taking that medicine

5 Apply Latricersquos doctor gave her a six-day prescription of an antibiotic for her sore throat After only three days all of her symptoms are gone Should Latrice con-tinue taking the anti biotic Explain why or why not

6 Refusal Skills Minrsquos friend has offered her some of her prescription medication just to try it out What are some ways that Min could refuse the offer

Applying Health Skills

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 4

FIGURE 1112

TIPS FOR USING MEDICINES CORRECTLYYou can use medicines properly by following these guidelines What are some resources you can use if you do not under-stand how to take a medicine

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

352_2

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Lesson 5

The Goals of Health CareWhat would you do if you got the flu or broke a bone while

playing sports You would visit a doctor The doctor can help you feel better He or she can also treat you to prevent further infection or injury

The goals of health care are to prevent disease and injury as well as cure them Visit a doctor once a year as part of your health care routine During these visits the doctor will examine you to see if you have any conditions that might lead to disease or injury He or she might also talk to you about any problems that you may

Choosing Health Care

Imagine that you are choosing a health care specialist for an injury or disease Make a list of questions you might ask him or her about your health

Building Vocabulary

Think about the terms HMO PPO and POS Write the definitions of each term Then rewrite the definitions to include the words that each of their abbreviations stands for

primary care provider (p 353) specialist (p 353) health insurance (p 354) managed care plans (p 354) health maintenance organization

(HMO) (p 354) preferred provider organization

(PPO) (p 355)

point-of-service (POS) plan (p 355)

Focusing on the Main Ideas

In this lesson you will be able to

describe the goals of health care identify the types of health care providers and

facilities explain the types of insurance that help pay for

health care

Reading Strategy

Comparing and Contrasting As you read this lesson make a chart to compare and contrast the three different types of managed care plans

Patients often receive vac-cines and other forms of preventive care from primary care providers How does

a primary care provider

differ from a specialist

352 Michelle D BridwellPhotoEdit

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12904642

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Below is a list of medical specialists and descriptions of their specialties

Allergists

Cardiologists

Dermatologists

Gynecologists

Ophthalmologists

Orthopedists

Pediatricians

Plastic surgeons

Psychiatrists

Urologists

Orthodontists

treat people with allergies and asthma

specialize in heart and circulatory system problems

specialize in skin disorders

specialize in problems of the female reproductive system

specialize in disorders of the eye

specialize in bone joint and muscle problems

treat infants children and young teens

perform plastic surgery to repair injuries or improve appearance

specialize in mental and emotional problems

specialize in kidney bladder and urinary problems

specialize in straightening the teeth

have You might talk about how well you sleep or how nutritious your eating plan is The doctor might ask you how much physical activity you get on a daily basis During a checkup you might also receive care to prevent disease For example you might get your vaccinations updated

Health Care Providers

Doctors are not the only professionals who can help you care for your health Pharmacists nurses health educators counselors mental health specialists dentists and nutritionists also provide health care services Health care providers are any professionals who help prevent and treat injury and illness

A primary care provider is a health care professional who pro-vides checkups and general care Examples of primary care providers include your family physician or a nurse practitioner A primary care provider might send you to a specialist A specialist is a health care professional trained to treat a special category of patients or specific health problems Figure 1113 lists several specialists and their areas of specialty

Name Give examples of three specialists and a problem that each one might treat

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 353

FIGURE 1113

TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTSThere are many different kinds of medical specialists What type of specialist would you see if you had blurred vision

Academic Vocabulary

professional (pruh FESH uhn uhl) (noun) a person who trains for and prac-tices a particular career Johnrsquos dad is a business professional who helps companies create Web sites

353_1

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354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

354 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Health Care in Your Community

Where you go for health care depends on your individual needs In your community yoursquoll find doctors dentists and other health care professionals You will also find a range of other health services provided by the government or other community agen-cies These include the public health department fire department police family resource centers hospitals and pharmacies Other resources include nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society

Health InsuranceHealth care can be very expensive especially in the case of

serious disease or injury Health insurance can help pay for health care costs Health insurance is a plan in which a person pays a set fee to an insurance company in return for the companyrsquos agreement to pay some or all medical expenses when needed There are several different types of health insurance plans Each one covers health-related expenses differently It is important to learn about the types of health insurance plans available before choosing the one that is right for you

Private Health Care Plans

Managed care plans are health insurance plans that empha-size preventative medicine and work to control the cost and main-tain the quality of health care These include the following A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insur-ance plan that contracts with selected physicians and specialists to provide medical services HMO members pay a fixed monthly rate

Health care professionals work to help people stay healthy What are the

goals of health care

Pharmacist

Pharmacists fill prescriptions given to

patients by their doctors or other health care professionals They also provide information to patients on both prescription and over-the-counter medications Pharmacists are now becoming more involved in talking to patients about their medications and making recommendations You can start preparing for a career as a pharmacist by taking math and science classes

What skills does a pharmacist

need Go to Career Corner at

glencoecom to find out

Pat

rick

Ram

sey

Imag

esta

te

354_1

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354_2

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Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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360_2

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Lesson 5 Review

8 Accessing Information Charles and his family have moved to a new town His parents have asked him to find out about health services in their commu-nity What resources can Charles use to find out what health services are offered in his community

Applying Health Skills

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care 355

What I Learned

1 Vocabulary Define primary care provider

2 Identify What kind of managed care plan offers a fixed monthly payment but limits which health care providers it covers

3 Give Examples What kinds of services do government health care programs provide

Thinking Critically

4 Apply How might seeing a health care provider for regular checkups keep a personrsquos medical costs down

5 Analyze Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of an HMO PPO and POS plan

6 Synthesize How can understanding the coverage limits of different health care plans help you choose the best plan for yourself

7 Analyze Why are community health resources and organizations important to healthful living

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insur-ance plan that allows its members to select a physician who participates in the plan for a reduced cost or to visit the physician of their choice PPO members who use their own doctors must pay full price for services until a certain amount of money has been paid A point-of-service (POS) plan is a health insurance plan that com-bines the features of HMOs and PPOs Members can see participating physicians at a reduced cost or see nonparticipating physicians for a higher cost

Government Public Health Care Programs

The government has passed health care laws at the federal state and local levels that protect people who use and deliver health care services Public health departments regulate how clean restaurants and other businesses must be to operate safely Some government programs provide health information to the community Others offer free or low-cost health care

Visit glencoecom andcomplete the Interactive Study Guide for Lesson 5

Review this lesson for new terms major headings and Reading Checks

For more Lesson Review Activities go to glencoecom

355_1

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6815335

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355_2

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Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

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Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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359_2

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Glasses or Contact Lenses

What Steps Can You Take to Make Healthy Decisions

The decision-making process can help you make healthy and responsible choices The six steps of the decision-making process are as follows

State the situation List the options

Weigh the possible outcomes

Consider your values Make a decision and act on it Evaluate the decision

ModelRead how Diana uses the decision-making process to help her decide whether or not to try contact lenses

Diana wears glasses She recently joined the volleyball team and wonders if she should get contact lenses instead Here are the steps that Diana used to make the decision Step 1 State the situation ldquoWearing glasses bothers me while Irsquom playing volleyballrdquoStep 2 List the options ldquoI could get contact lenses or sports glassesrdquoStep 3 Weigh the possible outcomes ldquoIf I get contact lenses I can concentrate on playing volleyball If I get sports glasses I wonrsquot have to get used to wearing contact lensesrdquoStep 4 Consider your values ldquoContact lenses can be expensiverdquoStep 5 Make a decision and act on it After talking to the optometrist Diana decided to try contact lenses Step 6 Evaluate the decision ldquoI am looking forward to my fi rst volleyball game of the season and not having to worry about my glassesrdquo

Accessing Information

Practicing Healthful Behaviors

Stress Management

Analyzing Influences

Communication Skills

Refusal Skills

Conflict Resolution

Decision Making

Goal Setting

Advocacy

Follow the Model Practice and Apply steps to help you

master this important health skill

356 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer ChoicesSpencer GrantPhotoEdit

356_1

null

27533411

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 0000059A 00000000 00003613 00000000 000044AC 00000000 0000627F 00000000 00002FC1 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000670 0000000000097A00 00000000 00036CBD 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

358_1

null

77342804

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000560 00000000 0000276F 00000000 0000331F 00000000 000063B9 00000000 00000963 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000530 00000000001AA100 00000000 0009A564 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

358_2

null

54006145

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 000004EA 00000000 00002596 00000000 00003043 00000000 000063BF 00000000 0000A4CB 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005B0 000000000012AA00 00000000 0006C1CC 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

359_1

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eng - iTunPGAP0

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359_2

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eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000478 00000000 00002CCE 00000000 00012D87 00000000 0000640D 00000000 0000BC92 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000570 00000000001B0F00 00000000 0009CD64 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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79349884

eng - iTunPGAP0

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360_2

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96219444

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 000005B2 00000000 000031CE 00000000 0000092F 00000000 0000636A 00000000 00016DEB 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005F0 0000000000214300 00000000 000C0DB7 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000569 00000000 0000271A 00000000 0000BA39 00000000 00006458 00000000 0000641A 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004B0 0000000000134400 00000000 0006F94F 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Building Health Skills 357

PracticeRead the passage and then practice the decision-making process by answering the questions that follow

Amanda has noticed that some girls in her school have a tan all year long She knows that they go to a tanning salon in her neigh-borhood Amanda thinks she would look good with a tan but has heard that tanning beds can be unhealthy 1 What decision does Amanda have to make2 What are her options3 What outcomes could she expect from

each of the choices shersquos considering4 Which values might Amanda need to

consider5 What advice would you give Amanda6 Write a few sentences evaluating the

decision you advised Amanda to make

ApplyApply what you have learned about decision making by completing the activity below

Pick a hygiene- or health-related item you might want to buy It might be a tooth whitener self-tanning lotion or sunglasses Then select two diff erent brands or types of that item Using the decision-making steps decide which of the two brands or types you would want to buy Copy the six decision-making steps on a sheet of paper Next to each step explain what you did as you completed that step At the bottom of your paper describe how the decision will improve your health

Self-Check Did I pick a hygiene- or health-related item that I might want

to buy Did I use the six decision-making steps to make a choice Did I describe how the decision will improve my health

Richard Anderson

358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

358_1

null

77342804

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000560 00000000 0000276F 00000000 0000331F 00000000 000063B9 00000000 00000963 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000530 00000000001AA100 00000000 0009A564 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

358_2

null

54006145

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 000004EA 00000000 00002596 00000000 00003043 00000000 000063BF 00000000 0000A4CB 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005B0 000000000012AA00 00000000 0006C1CC 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

359_1

null

71873314

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000529 00000000 000027D1 00000000 0000D81F 00000000 0000632E 00000000 0000EF97 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004F0 0000000000190A00 00000000 000911A2 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

359_2

null

7863287

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000478 00000000 00002CCE 00000000 00012D87 00000000 0000640D 00000000 0000BC92 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000570 00000000001B0F00 00000000 0009CD64 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

null

79349884

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000590 00000000 00002839 00000000 00012B14 00000000 000066B7 00000000 00008D6D 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000530 00000000001B5500 00000000 0009E6B2 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

360_2

null

96219444

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 000005B2 00000000 000031CE 00000000 0000092F 00000000 0000636A 00000000 00016DEB 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005F0 0000000000214300 00000000 000C0DB7 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

null

55976723

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000569 00000000 0000271A 00000000 0000BA39 00000000 00006458 00000000 0000641A 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004B0 0000000000134400 00000000 0006F94F 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
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358 358 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Q What is acneA Acne is the term for blemishesmdashsuch as

pimples and blackheadsmdashthat occur on the face neck chest back and upper arms Dermatologist James Fulton Jr divides acne into four grades Grade I is the mildest form with an equal mix of blackheads and whiteheads With Grade II there is an increase in whiteheads Grade III involves infl amed pimples along with whiteheads and blackheads Grade IV is the most severe with large cysts (often red or purple in color) pimples and yes more whiteheads and blackheads

Q What causes acneA Acne is mainly caused by the hormonal

changes of puberty Hormones stimulate certain glands to produce more oil This oil combines with dead skin cells in the pores and becomes acne While stress alone isnrsquot enough to cause acne it may aggravate already problematic skin

Q Is acne hereditaryA Yes and no Thanks to genetics some people

are more likely to get acne but itrsquos not the only factor

Q Why do my nose and chin have so many little black bumps Are they blackheads or just pores

A Most likely theyrsquore blackheadsmdasha combination of dead skin cells and oil A pore is where the hair follicle comes out of the skin A blackhead is a plug in that pore

Q Does eating empty-calorie foods give you more acne

A Diet is not the major factor in acne that it was once thought to be Foods such as pizza french fries and chocolate are not to blame for acne The oils you eat have nothing to do with the oil that the glands in your skin produce

ACNE FACTSGot questions about your skin Wersquove got answers

LABEL CHECKWhen treating acne with over-the-counter products look for these powerful ingredients

1 Benzoyl peroxide

2 Salicylic acid

3 Sulfur

4 Retinol

5 Glycolic acid

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Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

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Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

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  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Foldablesreg and Other Study Aids Take out the Foldablereg that you created for Lesson 1 and any graphic organizers that you created for Lessons 1ndash5 Find a partner and quiz each other using these study aids

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

Main Idea Taking care of your personal health includes caring for your teeth skin hair nails eyes and ears

bull To care for your teeth and gums brush and floss daily and see a dentist regularly

bull Wash your skin daily and use a sunscreen to protect it

bull Washing and brushing your hair regularly will help keep it healthy

bull Both your hair and nails contain a protein called keratin Keratin gives these structures their strength and flexibility

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

Main Idea Caring for your eyes and ears will help keep them healthy

bull Avoid eyestrain by wearing sunglasses out-doors sitting at least six feet from the tel-evision and using adequate lighting while reading and doing homework

bull Your ears let you hear sound and give you a sense of balance

bull Protect your hearing by keeping the volume down when listening to music and wearing earplugs when near loud sounds

Chapter 11 Reading Review 359

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

Main Idea Knowing how to evaluate prod-ucts and services will help you become a smart consumerbull A consumer is a person who buys prod-

ucts and services

bull Itrsquos important to evaluate advertising claims before buying a product or service

bull Comparison shopping can help you make an informed decision

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

Main Idea Medicines can contribute to good health when used properly

bull A prescription medicine can only be used with a doctorrsquos written permission

bull An over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can be used without a doctorrsquos permission

bull Using medicines improperly can cause harmful side effects

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

Main Idea The goals of health care are to pre-vent and treat disease and injury

bull A primary care provider provides checkups and general care A specialist treats specific diseases

bull Most communities offer a wide range of health care resources and services

bull Health insurance helps people pay for health care costs

Reading Review Visit glencoecom to download quizzes and eFlashcards for Chapter 11

359_1

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359_2

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eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000570 00000000001B0F00 00000000 0009CD64 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

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79349884

eng - iTunPGAP0

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360_2

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96219444

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 000005B2 00000000 000031CE 00000000 0000092F 00000000 0000636A 00000000 00016DEB 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005F0 0000000000214300 00000000 000C0DB7 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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55976723

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000569 00000000 0000271A 00000000 0000BA39 00000000 00006458 00000000 0000641A 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004B0 0000000000134400 00000000 0006F94F 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit

Assessment

Reviewing Vocabulary and Main Ideas

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 1ndash9 After each number write the term from the list that best completes each statement

bull consumer bull fraud bull melanin bull fluoridebull advertisement bull tinnitusbull acne bull cataractbull astigmatism

Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails

1 _________ is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay

2 Skin gets its color from _________

3 _________ is a skin condition caused by active oil glands that clog hair follicles

Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears

4 An eye condition in which the lens becomes cloudy as a person ages is called _________

5 _________ is an eye condition in which images of objects appear wavy or blurry

6 A condition in which there is a constant ringing in the ears is called _________

Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices

7 An infomercial is a type of _________ shown on television

8 When an ad contains deliberate trickery the advertisers are guilty of _________

9 The rights to safety to be informed to choose and to be heard are all _________ rights

On a sheet of paper write the numbers 10ndash15 Write True or False for each statement below If the statement is false change the underlined word or phrase to make it true

Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely

10 You must get a doctorrsquos permission in order to take an OTC medicine

11 A pharmacist is a person trained to prepare and dispense prescription medicines

12 Drowsiness and nausea are examples of side effects that you could have from taking medicine

Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care

13 A specialist is a health care professional who provides checkups and general care

14 A cardiologist is a kind of health care specialist who treats eye disorders

15 HMOs PPOs and POS plans are all types of managed care plans

Visit glencoecom and take the Online Quiz for Chapter 11 360 Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices

Now that you have read the chapter look back at your answers

to the Health Inventory on the chapter opener Is there anything

that you should do differently

Health Inventory

360_1

null

79349884

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000590 00000000 00002839 00000000 00012B14 00000000 000066B7 00000000 00008D6D 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000530 00000000001B5500 00000000 0009E6B2 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

360_2

null

96219444

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 000005B2 00000000 000031CE 00000000 0000092F 00000000 0000636A 00000000 00016DEB 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005F0 0000000000214300 00000000 000C0DB7 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

null

55976723

eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000569 00000000 0000271A 00000000 0000BA39 00000000 00006458 00000000 0000641A 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004B0 0000000000134400 00000000 0006F94F 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
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WritingRead the prompts below On a separate sheet of

paper write an essay that addresses each prompt Use information from the chapter to support your writing

1 A person is experiencing deafness due to prob-lems with his inner ear Explain how a person with healthy ears is able to hear Be sure to describe the role that hair cells play in hearing Then predict how damage to hair cells could cause deafness

2 Imagine that you have a company that makes sunscreen How would you convince buyers to

choose your product Write a script for a television or radio advertisement that sells your product What health concerns could you address in your advertising

TEST-TAKING TIP

Find out how much time you have to write your essay Plan to spend part of that time at the beginning of the test organizing your thoughts and writing a rough outline Plan to spend another part of that time at the end revising your essay and checking for errors in spelling and grammar

Standardized Test Practice

Thinking CriticallyUsing complete sentences answer the following

questions on a sheet of paper

16 Interpret How do government require-ments for drug labels protect your con-sumer rights

17 Apply A prescription medicine causes Damien to feel nauseated What should Damien do

Write About It 18 Descriptive Writing A new brand of

underarm deodorant causes your skin to break out in a rash Write a detailed plan you could follow to help you find the cause of the rash

19 Expository Writing Write a letter to your friend who has just moved to a new town Describe how your friend might get information to help him or her choose a new primary care physician

Chapter 11 Assessment 361

Personal Health

Using Microsoft Wordreg create a poster to showcase the variety of choices available to help foster good personal hygiene

Open a new Microsoft Wordreg project with a landscape view and insert a table with 2 columns and 6 rows

Add the captions Teeth Skin Hair Eyes and Ears by clicking Insert- Picture- WordArt Adjust the caption font size to 16 and drag them to the top of your poster

Using either Clip Art or digital media files insert an image for each section of your poster Highlight the image and drag the corner toward the center to size

Place your cursor in the box and add details under each caption on how to care for that part of your personal health

To remove outside lines of the table click on Toolbar viewndashFormattingndashTables and charts Then select the border button that reflects the desired highlighting grid outside grid all boxes or no grid at all

361_1

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eng - iTunPGAP0

eng - iTunNORM 00000569 00000000 0000271A 00000000 0000BA39 00000000 00006458 00000000 0000641A 00000000

eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004B0 0000000000134400 00000000 0006F94F 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

  • Teen Health Course 2
    • Table of Contents
      • Fitness Zone Handbook
      • Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness
        • Lesson 1 Your Total Health
        • Lesson 2 Skills for Building Health
          • Health Skills Activity A Physical Fitness Campaign
            • Lesson 3 What Affects Your Health
              • Health Skills Activity Evaluating Information in Ads
                • Lesson 4 Health Risks and Your Behavior
                • Building Health Skills Making Healthy Choices (Advocacy)
                • HANDS-ON HEALTH A Picture of Health
                • Chapter 1 Reading Review
                • Chapter 1 Assessment
                  • Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health
                    • Lesson 1 Making Responsible Decisions
                      • Health Skills Activity Is It Always Right to Help a Friend
                        • Lesson 2 Setting and Reaching Your Goals
                          • Health Skills Activity Setting a Physical Activity Goal
                            • Lesson 3 Building Good Character
                              • Health Skills Activity Organizations to Get Involved With
                                • Building Health Skills Setting a Health Goal (Goal Setting)
                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Read All About Your Big Decision
                                • Chapter 2 Reading Review
                                • Chapter 2 Assessment
                                  • Chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness
                                    • Lesson 1 Becoming Physically Fit
                                    • Lesson 2 Exploring Skeletal and Muscular Systems
                                    • Lesson 3 Exploring the Circulatory System
                                    • Lesson 4 Creating Your Fitness Plan
                                      • Health Skills Activity Planning for Fitness
                                        • Lesson 5 Weight Training and Sports
                                          • Health Skills Activity Mental Conditioning for Sports
                                            • Lesson 6 Preventing Physical Activity Injuries
                                              • Health Skills Activity Taking Safety Seriously
                                                • Building Health Skills Which Sports to Choose (Decision Making)
                                                • TIME health news Meet Me at the Gym
                                                • Chapter 3 Reading Review
                                                • Chapter 3 Assessment
                                                  • Chapter 4 Nutrition
                                                    • Lesson 1 Nutrients for Good Health
                                                    • Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
                                                    • Lesson 3 Planning Healthful Meals
                                                      • Health Skills Activity Eating Right When Eating Out
                                                        • Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
                                                        • Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy Weight
                                                        • Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy Weight
                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Food (Analyzing Influences)
                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Keeping a Food Diary
                                                        • Chapter 4 Reading Review
                                                        • Chapter 4 Assessment
                                                          • Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 1 What Is Mental and Emotional Health
                                                            • Lesson 2 Your Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
                                                            • Lesson 3 Your Emotions
                                                            • Lesson 4 Managing Stress
                                                            • Lesson 5 Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                            • Lesson 6 Help for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                              • Health Skills Activity Community Resources for Mental and Emotional Problems
                                                                • Building Health Skills Dealing with Stress (Stress Management)
                                                                • TIME health news Stressed Out
                                                                • Chapter 5 Reading Review
                                                                • Chapter 5 Assessment
                                                                  • Chapter 6 Building Healthy Relationships
                                                                    • Lesson 1 Building Communication Skills
                                                                    • Lesson 2 Understanding Family Relationships
                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Communicating with Parents or Guardians
                                                                        • Lesson 3 Your Friendships and Peer Pressure
                                                                        • Lesson 4 Abstinence and Refusal Skills
                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Saying No to Risk Behaviors
                                                                            • Building Health Skills Expressing Your Feelings (Communication Skills)
                                                                            • HANDS-ON HEALTH One Story Three Endings
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Reading Review
                                                                            • Chapter 6 Assessment
                                                                              • Chapter 7 Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
                                                                                • Lesson 1 Understanding Conflict
                                                                                • Lesson 2 Conflict-Resolution Skills
                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Settling a Disagreement
                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Preventing Violence
                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Getting Help for Abuse
                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Mediating a Conflict (Conflict Resolution)
                                                                                    • TIME health news Getting an Early Start on Peace
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Reading Review
                                                                                    • Chapter 7 Assessment
                                                                                      • Chapter 8 Tobacco
                                                                                        • Lesson 1 How Tobacco Use Affects the Body
                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Convincing Others Not to Smoke
                                                                                            • Lesson 2 The Respiratory System
                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Tobacco Use and Teens
                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Quitting Tobacco Use
                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Tobacco Use and Society
                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting a Tobacco-Free Community
                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Saying No to Tobacco Use
                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Refusing Tobacco
                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Media Messages About Tobacco (Analyzing Influences)
                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Inside Your Lungs
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Reading Review
                                                                                                        • Chapter 8 Assessment
                                                                                                          • Chapter 9 Alcohol
                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 Alcohol Use and Abuse
                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Alcoholism
                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Nervous System
                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Skateboard Safety
                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Alcohol Use and Teens
                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Dealing With Emotions
                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Alcohol Use and Society
                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Helping a Friend
                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Saying No to Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Encouraging Teens to Avoid Alcohol
                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Saying No to Alcohol (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                • TIME health news News About Teens and Alcohol Use
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                • Chapter 9 Assessment
                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 10 Drugs
                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Drug Use and Abuse
                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Taking Medicine
                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Types of Drugs and Their Effects
                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Drug Use and Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 Drug Risks and Teens
                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Campaign for a Drug-Free School
                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 Staying Drug Free
                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Refusing Drugs
                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Helping Others Say No to Drugs (Advocacy)
                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Good News
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 10 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                      • Chapter 11 Personal Health and Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 1 Healthy Teeth Skin Hair and Nails
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 Healthy Eyes and Ears
                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Smart Consumer Choices
                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Choosing the Right Product
                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Using Medicines Safely
                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Scheduling a Dosage
                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 5 Choosing Health Care
                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Glasses or Contact Lenses (Decision Making)
                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Acne Facts
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 11 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 12 Growing and Changing
                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Changes During Adolescence
                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Managing Anger
                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 2 The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Managing Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 3 The Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination
                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 4 The Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Promoting Breast Self-Examinations
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 5 Heredity and Human Development
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Strategies for Reducing Stress
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Building Health Skills Using STOP to Choose Abstinence (Refusal Skills)
                                                                                                                                                                                        • HANDS-ON HEALTH Analyzing Inherited Traits
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Chapter 12 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Chapter 13 Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 1 What Are Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Safe Drinking Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 The Immune System
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Keeping Your Immune System Healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Common Communicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 4 Preventing the Spread of Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Wash Your Hands
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Finding Information About STDs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 6 HIVAIDS
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Media Messages About Sexual Activity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Finding the Facts About Disease (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • TIME health news Germ Survival Guide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 13 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 14 Noncommunicable Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Allergies and Asthma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Heart Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity What Ads Say About Fat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 3 Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Promote Ways to Reduce Cancer Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Health Skills Activity Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Building Health Skills Lifelong Good Health Habits Emilys Walk (Goal Setting)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • HANDS-ON HEALTH Determining Lung Capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Chapter 14 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Chapter 15 Personal Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 1 Preventing Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 2 Staying Safe at Home
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Lesson 3 Staying Safe Outdoors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Health Skills Activity Preventing Drowning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Lesson 4 Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Health Skills Activity Creating an Emergency Supplies Kit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Lesson 5 Giving First Aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Building Health Skills Safety at Home (Practicing Healthful Behaviors)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • TIME health news 10 Tips for Cyber Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Chapter 15 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Chapter 16 The Environment and Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 1 How Pollution Affects Your Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Lesson 2 Protecting the Environment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Health Skills Activity Choosing Environment-Friendly Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Building Health Skills Finding Facts About the Environment (Accessing Information)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • HANDS-ON HEALTH Managing the Packaging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Reading Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Chapter 16 Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Reading Skills Handbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glossary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Glosario
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Index
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Student Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Student Activity Workbook
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Help
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Internet Link
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Previous Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Document
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Search - Full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Page Navigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Exit