past exam paper & memo -installation rules

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NONNATIONAL CERTIFICATE

INSTALLATION RULES (First paper)

(11040412)

1 February 2022 (X-paper) 09:00–12:00

This question paper consists of 5 pages.

036Q1E2201

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(11040412) -2-


DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

NONNATIONAL CERTIFICATE INSTALLATION RULES

(First paper) TIME: 3 HOURS

MARKS: 100

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Answer all the questions. Read all the questions carefully. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Start each question on a new page. The answers need NOT be word perfect according to the publications in all aspects, but they must show that the candidates fully understand the context of the relevant question. Candidates must pass PAPER 1 and PAPER 2 with 50% each. Candidates may write both examination papers during the same examination period. For accreditation purposes, all candidates must meet the requirements prescribed by the Department of Labour. No condonations will be considered. Write neatly and legibly.

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(11040412) -3-


QUESTION 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT, 85 OF 1993 – ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION REGULATIONS

1.1 Fully explain when a registered person is allowed to issue a certificate of compliance for a full installation or part of an installation.

(6)

1.2 What shall a registered person do if they detect a fault or faults prior to issuing

the certificate of compliance?

(4) [10]

QUESTION 2: SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: SCOPE

Name TEN aspects covered by this part of SANS 10142 (SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: SCOPE)

[10]

QUESTION 3: SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: DEFINITION

Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE by writing only 'True' or 'False' next to the question number (3.1–3.10) in the ANSWER BOOK.

3.1 Portable appliances – appliances that can be moved in the course of normal

operations.

3.2 Exposed conductive part – conductive part that is not a live part but can become

live under fault conditions.

3.3 Extraneous conductive part – conductive part that forms part of the electrical

installation.

3.4 Conduit – pipe, usually of a diameter not exceeding 50 mm, that allows

conductors and cables in electrical installations to be drawn in and to be replaced.

3.5 Overload current – overcurrent that occurs when rated current is exceeded.

3.6 Protective earthing – earthing of a point or points in a system or in an installation

or in equipment which is necessary for purposes other than safety.

3.7 Functional earthing – earthing of a point or points in a system or in an

installation or in equipment for purpose of safety.

3.8 Double insulation – comprises both basic insulation and supplementary

insulation.

3.9 Emergency lighting – system that provides sufficient illumination to allow all

occupants of a place of assembly to see clearly enough during a performance to move around or to leave.

3.10 Safety supply – supply of electricity that is obtained from an isolated generator

or a battery that provides a non-earthed supply.

(10 × 1) [10]

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QUESTION 4: SANS 10142 OF 2020: FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Explain the fundamental requirements with regard to the temperature of electrical equipment in your own words. (5)

4.2 Fully explain the requirements with regard to basic provisions for voltage drop in an AC circuit. (5)

[10]

QUESTION 5: SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: SPECIAL INSTALLATIONS OR LOCATIONS

5.1 Explain the requirements regarding protection against electric shock in a spa. (6)

5.2 Which fixed equipment may be installed in zone 0 in a bathroom. (1)

5.3 State THREE conditions for the installation of heating units, intended for heating the location, embedded in the floor of a shower in zones 1, 2 and 3. (3)

[10]


6.1 When is one allowed to use bare conductors for extra-low-voltage lightingsystems? (3)

6.2 Briefly explain how one would install extra-low-voltage lighting components toensure that they perform at their best. (7)

[10]

QUESTION 7: SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: SPECIAL INSTALLATION OR LOCATIONS

7.1 Name FOUR examples of alternative supplies that you are familiar with. (2)

7.2 What is the requirement when the alternative supply is intended to provide asupply to an installation that is not connected to the main supply, or to providea supply as a switched alternative to the main supply? (4)

7.3 What are the requirements regarding the installation of alternative suppliesremotely from the installation or from one another where it is not possible touse a single, neutral bar which is earthed? (4)

[10]

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QUESTION 8: SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: ANNEXURE J: ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEM

Draw a NEAT labelled diagram of a TN-C-S system earthing. [10]

QUESTION 9: SANS 10292 OF 2013: EARTHING OF LOW-VOLTAGE (LV) DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

9.1 Name THREE instances in which TNC-S system earthing can be used/applied. (3)

9.2 Name THREE types of earthing methods that are commonly used. (3)

9.3 Name FOUR types of system earthing extensions. (4) [10]

QUESTION 10: SANS 10198-2 OF 2004: PART 2: SELECTION OF CABLE TYPE AND METHOD OF INSTALLATION

10.1 Name TWO basic functions that an electric power cable must perform. (2)

10.2 Name TWO methods of reducing induced voltage when power cables runparallel with telecommunication cables for some distance. (2)

10.3 Briefly describe the fully restrained method of cable installation and explain thedisadvantage thereof. (3)

10.4 Briefly describe the unrestrained method of cable installation and explain theadvantage thereof. (3)

[10]

TOTAL: 100

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NONNATIONAL CERTIFICATE

INSTALLATION RULES(First paper)

1 February 2022

This marking guideline consists of 6 pages.

MARKING GUIDELINE

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MARKING GUIDELINE -2-INSTALLATION RULES

(First paper)


QUESTION 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT, 85 OF 1993

1.1 After having satisfied himself or herself by means of an inspection and tests that:✓

• A new installation complies with the provisions of regulation 5(1) and wascarried out under his or her general control or✓

• An electrical installation which existed prior to the current edition of thehealth and safety standard✓ incorporated into these regulation in terms of reg. 5(1), complies with general safety principles of such standard or✓

• In case of alterations or extensions of existing parts of an electrical installation complies with the general safety principles of such standard andis reasonably safe and✓

• The extensions or alterations affected comply with the provision of regulation5(1) and when carried out under his/her general control.✓ (6)

1.2 Shall refuse to issue such certificate until that fault or default has been rectified.✓

Provided that such fault or default in the opinion of the registered personconstitutes an immediate danger✓ to persons in a case where electricity is already supplied,✓ he/she shall take steps to disconnect supply to the circuit in which the fault was detected and notify the chief inspector.✓ (4)

[10]

QUESTION 2: SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: SCOPE

• Circuits supplied at nominal voltages up to and including 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC. The standard frequency for AC. is 50 Hz. The use of other frequencies for specialpurposes is not excluded,

• Circuits, other than the internal wiring of apparatus, that operate at voltagesexceeding 1000 V and are derived from an installation that has a voltage notexceeding 1000 V AC,

• Any wiring systems and cables not specifically covered by the standards forappliances,

• All consumer installations external to buildings,

• Fixed wiring in the power supply circuits for telecommunication equipment, signallingequipment, control equipment and the like (excluding internal wiring of apparatus),

• The extension or alteration of the installation and also parts of the existing installationaffected by the existing extension or alteration,

• Fixed wiring needed to connect the various units of complex machinery that areinstalled in separate locations,

• Equipment for which no standard is referenced,

• Replacement or maintenance of components, and

• Earthing arrangements.[10]

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QUESTION 3: SANS 10142-1 OF 2017: DEFINITION

3.1 True 3.2 True 3.3 False 3.4 True 3.5 False 3.6 False 3.7 False 3.8 True 3.9 False 3.10 True

(10 × 1) [10]

QUESTION 4: SANS 10142 OF 2020: FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Unless otherwise permitted by an applicable standard,✓ electrical equipment shall be so designed, positioned and protected✓ that accessible parts under normal operating conditions do not reach a temperature that exceeds✓

• 70 °C in the case of metallic parts, and✓

• 90 °C in the case of non-metallic parts.✓ (5)

4.2 When all conductors in an AC installation are carrying their maximum estimatedload,✓ the difference in voltage or the voltage drop between the point of supply and any point of outlet or terminals of fixed appliances shall not exceed 5%✓

of the standard voltage or of the declared phase-to-neutral voltage.✓ In thecase where reticulation is part of the electrical installation after the point of supply,✓ the 5% voltage drop shall be calculated to include the reticulation part of the installation.✓ (5)

[10]


5.1 • In zone 0, only protection by safety extra-low-voltage at nominal voltage notexceeding 12 V is permitted,✓ the safety source being installed outside zone0.✓

• The measures of protection by means of obstacles✓ and by placingequipment out of arm's reach are not permitted.✓

• The measures of protection by non-conducting location✓ and earth-freebonding are not permitted.✓ (3 × 2) (6)

5.2 None (1)

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5.3 • The heating elements are covered by a metallic sheath (screened),

• A metallic grid is installed above the heating elements, and

• The sheath or grid is bonded to earth or is connected to the equipotentialbonding. (3)

[10]


6.1 • If voltage does not exceed 25 V AC or 60 V DC.

• If the wiring system is made up of compatible components and complies asa complete unit with SANS 60598-2.23.

• If the conductors are at least 1 m from the thatch under a thatched roof. (3)

6.2 • Primary terminals of the supply source shall be in an enclosure.✓

• Cables shall be fixed in such a way to prevent strain on the terminals orconnectors.✓

• Any SELV sources with a mass of more than 1 kg shall be fixed.✓

• Transformers, protective devices or similar equipment, which are mountedabove ceiling or in a similar place,✓ shall, as far as is reasonably practicable,be mounted on a fixed part of the building such as a beam.✓

• If the identification of a protective device for a circuit is not immediately evident,✓ a sign or diagram close to the protective device shall identify thecircuit and its purpose.✓ (7)

[10]


7.1 • Low-voltage generation sets

• Photo voltaic installation

• Gas generator

• Diesel generator

• Wind turbines

• Hydropower (Any 4 × ½) (2)

7.2 The capacity and operating characteristics of the alternative supply shall besuch that danger or damage to equipment does not arise✓ after the connectionor disconnection of any intended load as a result of the deviation of the voltageor frequency from the standard range.✓ Means shall be provided toautomatically disconnect such parts of the installation,✓ as may be necessary if the capacity of the alternative supply is exceeded.✓ (4)

7.3 The neutral of each unit shall be earthed at the unit and these points shall be bonded to the consumer's earth terminal.✓ The supply from each unit which supplies the installation or part of the installation,✓ shall be switched by means of a switch that breaks all live conductors operating substantially together,✓ to disconnect the earthed neutral point from the installation neutral when the alternative supply is not connected.✓ (4)

[10]


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QUESTION 8: SANS 10142-1 OF 2020: ANNEXURE J: ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEM

[10]

QUESTION 9: SANS 10292 OF 2013: EARTHING OF LOW-VOLTAGE (LV) DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

9.1 • Underground

• Overhead lines

• Bare, open wire, LV overhead system (3)

9.2 • Trench earth

• Earth rods

• Foundation earth (3)

9.3 • TN-C-S earthing system with a TN-S earthing extension

• TNS earthing system with a TN-C-S earthing extension

• TT earthing system with a TN-S earthing extension

• TT earthing system with a TN-C-S earthing extension (4) [10]


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QUESTION 10: SANS 10198 – 2 OF 2004: PART 2: SELECTION OF CABLE TYPE AND METHODS OF INSTALLATION

10.1 • Carry a specified current

• Withstand the voltage and fault conditions (2)

10.2 • Increasing the separation of cables

• Eliminate parallelism (2)

10.3 Method that prevents cable movement ✓Disadvantage is that thermo-mechanical forces will occur and that may causedamage to the cable.✓✓ (3)

10.4 Method that allows cable movement.✓ Advantage is that damage to the cable can be avoided.✓✓ (3)

[10]

TOTAL: 100


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