okf"kZd izfrosnu - Annual Report - NBPGR

okf"kZd izfrosnu

Annual Report2015-16

HkkÑvuqi&jk"Vªh; ikni vkuqOakf'kd Laklk/u C;wjks(Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqLak/ku ifj"kn)iwlk ifjlj] ubZ fnYyh&110 012

ICAR-NATIONAL BUREAU OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES(Indian Council of Agricultural Research)

Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110 012

Supervision and Guidance : Dr KC Bansal, Director

Dr SC Dubey, Director (Acting) and Chairman, Publication Committee

Compiled and Edited by : Dr Kavita Gupta, Principal Scientist

Dr Anjali Kak, Principal Scientist

Dr Vandana Tyagi, Principal Scientist

Dr MK Rana, Principal Scientist

Dr TV Prasad, Senior Scientist

Dr K Pradheep, Senior Scientist

Citation : Anonymous (2016). Annual Report of the ICAR-National Bureau of PlantGenetic Resources 2015-16, NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India, 195 + x p.

This report includes unprocessed or semi-processed data, which would form the basis of scientific papers indue course. The material contained in the report therefore may not be made use of without the writtenpermission of the Director, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi except for quotingit for scientific reference.

Published by the Director, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110 012,and Printed at Alpha Printographics (India), New Delhi-110 028. Tel.: 9999039940, 9811199620

Preface vAcronyms and Abbreviations vii-xdk;Zdkjh lkjka'k 1-6Executive Summary 7-13Introduction 14-181 Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection 19-272 Germplasm Exchange Unit 28-333 Division of Plant Quarantine 34-494 Division of Germplasm Evaluation 50-595 Division of Genomic Resources 60-716 Division of Germplasm Conservation 72-777 Tissue Culture and Cryopreservation Unit 78-828 PGR Policy Planning Unit 83-859 Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit 86-89NBPGR Regional Stations/Base Centres10 Regional Station, Akola 90-9311 Regional Station, Bhowali 94-10012 Base Centre, Cuttack 101-10713 Regional Station, Hyderabad 108-11314 Regional Station, Jodhpur 114-11715 Base Centre, Ranchi 118-12116 Regional Station, Shillong 122-12517 Regional Station, Shimla 126-13018 Regional Station, Srinagar 131-13419 Regional Station, Thrissur 135-14020 Trainings and Capacity Building 141-14621 General Information 147-186

21.1 Institute Management Committee (IMC) 14721.2 Research Advisory Committee (RAC) 14721.3 Institute Research Council (IRC) 14721.4 Institute Joint Staff Council (IJSC) 14821.5 Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation (PME) Cell 14821.6 Personnel 15021.7 Staff Reservations 15721.8 Staff Transferred/ Retired/ New Appointments 15721.9 Awards/ Honours/ Prizes 15820.10 Deputations Abroad 16021.11 Library and Documentation Services 16121.12 Germplasm Field Days Organized 16221.13 PGR Awareness and Biodiversity Fairs 16321.14 Participation of Staff in Seminars/ Symposia/ Conferences/ Workshops 16621.15 Publications 16921.16 Intellectual Property and Technology Management 18521.17 Participation in International Comparative/ Proficiency Testings for Quality Assurance 186

and Global Harmonization21.18 Distinguished Visitors 186

Annexure I : Meteorological Data of Regional Stations 187Annexure II : RFD Documents for ICAR-NBPGR (2014-15) 188-195

CONTENTS

v

It gives me immense pleasure to place before you the Annual Report (2015-16) of the ICAR-National Bureauof Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR), a nodal organization mandated with planning, execution and coordinationof all activities concerned with germplasm collection, introduction, quarantine, evaluation, conservation anddocumentation at national level. Since its establishment in 1976, ICAR-NBPGR has played a vital role in themanagement and utilization of plant genetic resources (PGR) for crop improvement.

Taking into consideration the various suggestions of the Research Advisory Committee, Germplasm AdvisoryCommittees and Workshops of All India Coordinated Research Networks (AICRN) on various crop groups, plantexplorations were undertaken to collect trait-specific germplasm and wild relatives of crop plants, which constituted>50% of the total collections made during the year 2015. In addition, trait specific germplasm with improved nutritionalquality, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and transgenic material for research was also introduced fromabroad and made available to the researchers after quarantine clearance.

During the period, 9,473 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops comprising cereals, pulses, oilseeds,vegetables, potential crops, and medicinal and aromatic plants were grown at New Delhi for characterization, evaluation(including biotic and abiotic stresses), regeneration and multiplication. In addition, under NICRA project, a referenceset of 348 wheat accessions for terminal heat tolerance has been grown under late sown conditions for identificationof donors. Under CRP on Agro-biodiversity Component I, a total of 59,043 accessions were distributed for regeneration,characterization and evaluation; while under Component II, a total of 5,964 accessions comprising rice (1,000),wheat (1,483), finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (736) and okra (745), were evaluated atAICRP centres/hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses.

A total of 11,581 new accessions of germplasm including varieties to be notified and released and trait-specificregistered germplasm of various crops were received for long-term conservation in the National Genebank. Inaddition, 1,900 accessions belonging to fruit crops, bulb and tuber crops, medicinal, aromatic and rare/endangeredplants, spices, plantation and industrial crops, and others were conserved as in vitro cultures. Significant progresswas made in the development of protocols for cultivar identification in crops of national importance using moleculartechniques like STMS, AFLP and ISSR markers. Varieties of different crops were fingerprinted and included in thedatabase on DNA fingerprinting. Four M.Sc. and one Ph.D. student were awarded degrees in PGR from PostGraduate School, IARI, New Delhi during the year.

I take this opportunity to place on record my sincere thanks and gratitude to Dr T Mohapatra, the Hon’bleSecretary, DARE and Director General, ICAR, and Dr S Ayyappan, Former Secretary, DARE and DG, ICAR, DrJS Sandhu, DDG (Crop Science) and Dr JS Chauhan, ADG (Seed), ICAR for their continued guidance, encouragementand support in fulfilling the mandate of ICAR-NBPGR. Special thanks are due to Dr KC Bansal, Former Director,ICAR-NBPGR for steering the Bureau through the year under his dynamic and vibrant leadership.

I thank the HoDs, Officers-in-charge, all the scientists, technical, administrative and audit, and supportingstaff of NBPGR for their teamwork, efficiency and dedication.

Sincere efforts of Drs Kavita Gupta, Anjali Kak, Vandana Tyagi, Mukesh Rana, TV Prasad and K Pradheepin compilation and editing the report are appreciated.

June 22, 2016 SC DubeyNew Delhi Director (Acting)

PREFACE

PREFACE

vi ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16

vii

ABD Augmented Block Design

ABS Access and Benefit-Sharing

AICRP All India Coordinated Research Project

AKMU Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit

APAARI Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions

AVRDC Asian Vegetable Research and Developement Center

BAP Blood Agar Plates

BCH Biosafety Clearing House

BRNS Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences

BSMV Barley stripe mosaic virus

BWC Biological Weapon Convention

CBD Convention on Biological Diversity

CCI Chlorophyll Content Index

CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research

CGRFA Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

ChiVMV Chilli veinal mottle virus

CIARI Central Island Agricultural Research Institute

CIMMYT International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

CITH Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture

CLRV Cherry leaf roll virus

CRP-AB Consortium Research Project on Agrobiodiversity

CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

CTCRI Central Tuber Crops Research Institute

CWRs Crop Wild Relatives

DACFW Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers' Welfare

DAI Days After Inoculation

DARE Department of Agricultural Research and Education

DBT Department of Biotechnology

DIHAR Defence Institute of High Altitude Research

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid

DPPQS Directorate of Plant Protection Quarantine and Storage

DST Department of Science and Technology

DWB Dry Weight Basis

EC Exotic Collection

EDCT Ethylene Dichloride-Carbon Tetrachloride

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACRONYMS

viii ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16

FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation

FB Fruit Borer

FGB Field Genebank

FMS Financial Management System

FSB Fruit and Shoot Borer

GBPIHED G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development

GCLV Garlic common latent virus

GFLV Grapevine fan leaf virus

GHU Germplasm Handling Unit

GPA Global Plan of Action

HPV High Plains Virus

HSI Heat Susceptibility Index

HWT Hot Water Treatment

IARI Indian Agricultural Research Institute

IBSC Institute Biosafety Committee

IC Indigenous Collection

ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Research

ICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas

ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics

ICRV Indian citrus ringspot virus

IERP Integrated Eco-Development Research Programme

IIHR Indian Institute of Horticultural Research

IIPR Indian Institute of Pulses Research

IJSC Institute Joint Staff Council

IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute

IRRI International Rice Research Institute

ITC International Transit Centre

ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

IVGB In Vitro Genebank

IYSV Iris yellow spot virus

L-DOPA L-3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine

LMO Living Modified Organism

LN Liquid Nitrogen

LTS Long Term Storage

LYSV Leek yellow stripe virus

ix

M&AP Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

MCMV Maize chlorotic mottle virus

MDMV Maize dwarf mosaic virus

MEA Ministry of External Affairs

MLS Multilateral System

MOA Memorandum of Association

MOEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

MTA Material Transfer Agreement

MTS Medium Term Storage

MYMV Mungbean yellow mosaic virus

NAAS National Academy of Agricultural Sciences

NACEN National Academy of Customs, Excise and Narcotics

NAIP National Agricultural Innovation Project

NAP National Action Plan

NASC National Agricultural Science Centre

NBA National Biodiversity Authority

NBPGR National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources

NDVI Normalized Differentiation Vegetation Index

NFBSFARA National Fund for Basic, Strategic and Frontier Application Research in Agriculture

NFP National Focal Point

NGB National Genebank

NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations

NHCP National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants

NICRA National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture

NTC Normally Traded Commodities

OUAT Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology

PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction

PEMV Pea enation mosaic virus

PEQ Post-Entry Quarantine

PEQN Post-Entry Quarantine Nursery

PGRC Plant Germplasm Registration Committee

PGRFA Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

PIMS Project Information Management System

PME Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation

PPV & FRA Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmer’s Right Authority

PQ Plant Quarantine

PSV Peanut stunt virus

ACRONYMS

x ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16

RAPD Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

RBD Randomized Block Design

RCGM Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation

RKN Root-Knot Nematode

RpRSV Raspberry ringspot virus

SAUs State Agricultural Universities

SLTB Society for Low Temperature Biology

SMTA Standard Material Transfer Agreement

SRAP Sequences Related Amplified Polymorphism

SSR Single Sequence Repeat

TBRV Tomato black ring virus

TCCU Tissue Culture and Cryo-Preservation Unit

TNAU Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

TSS Total Soluble Solids

ULCV Urdbean leaf crinkle virus

UNEP-GEF United Nations Environment Programme-Global Environment Facility

UPGMA Unweighted Pair Group Mean Average

URL Uniform Resource Locator

URP Universal Rice Primers

USDA United States Department of Agriculture

WEUP Wild Economically Useful Plants

WSMV Wheat streak mosaic virus

YVMV Yellow vein mosaic virus

1dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k

vkbZlh,vkj&jk"Vªh; ikni vkuqoaf'kdh lalk/ku C;wjks ¼vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj½ us ns'k esa ikni vkuqokaf'kd lalk/kuksa ds {ks= esausr`Ro dh viuh Hkwfedk ds fuokZg dks tkjh j[kkA o"kZ 2015 dsnk Sjku ikni vUos"k.k rFkk tuunzO; ds laxzg( tuunzO; dklekos'k] ikni laxjks/k tkW ap] mipkj rFkk tuunzO; dks tkjhdjuk( laHkkouk'khy izkfIr;ksa dh igpku] y{k.k o.kZu] ewY;kadurFkk j[kj[kko( jk"Vªh; thucS ad es a izkfIr;ks a dk okg~;&LFkkuslaxzg.k rFkk Qly fdLeksa dh Mh,u, fQaxjfizfVax esa gqbZ izxfrdk lkjka'k uhps fn;k tk jgk gSA

ikni vUos"k.k rFkk tuunzO; dk laxzg.k

laiw.kZ ns'k esa dqy feykdj 32 vUos"k.kksa dk lapkyu fd;k x;kftlesa fofHkUu izdkj dh [kk|kUUk&ckxokuh Qlyks a] Qlyks a dstaxyh :iksa rFkk vkfFkZd egRo ds vU; ikS/kks a dk laxzg fd;kx;kA ,uchihthvkj eq[;ky;] ubZ fnYyh }kjk bues a ls] 491izkfIr;ks a dks vka/kz izns'k] fgekpy izns'k] tEew o d'ehj] e/;izns'k] jktLFkku] mRrjk[kaM rFkk if'pe caxky esa pyk, x, 13vUos"k.kks a ds ek/;e ls ,d= fd;k x;kA /kku ds tuunzO; dhHkw&lanfHkZ ar] fofo/krk eSfiax rFkk varjky fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;kAVªkbdkslsaFkst] ,fy;e rFkk ywQk ij tSoflLVesfVd v/;;u fd,x,A 371 ouLifr laxzgky; uewuks a ] 07 cht uewuks a rFkk 08vkfFkZd mRiknksa dks ifj"d`r dj mUgsa [ksrh ;ksX; ikS/kksa ds jk"Vªh;okuLifrd laxzgky; ¼,u,plhih½ esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA fofHkUu[kkstks a ds nkSjku ,uchihthvkj ds {ks=h; LVs'kuks a@vk/kkj dsanz}kjk ,df=r fd, x, tuunzO; dk lkjka'k uhps fn;k x;k gSA

vdksyk% bl dsanz ij nks [kksth vfHk;ku pyk, x, rFkk dqy 235izkfIr;ksa dk laxzg fd;k x;kA laxzfgr tuunzO; esa dnUu ¼feysV½dh yf{kr iztkfr;ka] 06 izdkj ds NksVs dnUu rFkk muds taxyh:iks a dks egkjk"Vª ftys ds /kwys rFkk uanjckj ftyks a ls rFkk,f'k;kfVd foXuk] dStkuls@eqdquk dks nf{k.kh xqtjkr vkSjmlds lehiorhZ {ks=ksa ls laxzfgr fd;k x;kA

Hkokyh% bl dsanz }kjk jk"Vªh; vUos"k.k dk;Zdze ¼3½ rFkk okg~;fuf/k ifj;kstukvks a ¼3½ ds varxZr 06 Qly fof'k"V vfHk;kupykdj tEew o dk'ehj rFkk mRrjk[kaM ds futZu {ks=ksa ls 127izkfIr;ksa dk laxzg fd;k x;k ftuesa frygu ¼35½] ,fy;e ¼28½]Qyksa ¼26½ rFkk vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/kh; ikS/ks ¼38½ 'kkfey gSaA

dVd% dVd dsanz ij pyk, x, rhu vUos"k.k vfHk;kuksa esa dqy123 izkfIr;ks a dk laxzg fd;k x;k ftuesa iksVZ sjsfl;k dksdZVkVk]

[k srh okyk pkoy] dqdqfel ds taxyh :i] ,csyekWLdl dksvksfM'kk vkSj if'peh caxky ls ,df=r fd;k x;kA mYys[kuh;tuunzO; laxzgksa esa yo.k lfg".kq pkoy tuunzO; tSls jgliatj]uksukcksdzk] ywukc[kkMk] ywukiVsuh] Hkkyqdh] rFkk nqyHkZ tuunzO;laxzg tSls ,csyekWLdqL,sxqyksll rFkk fudsaMªk QkblsyksfMLk lfEefyrgSaA

gSnjkckn% bl ds anz ij nks lg;ksxh vUos"k.k vfHk;kuks a dklapkyu fd;k x;k rFkk fofHkUu d`f"k&ckxokuh Qlyks a rFkkmuds taxyh :iks a ds 196 fofo/krk okyh izkfIr;ks a dks ,df=rfd;k x;kA

tks/kiqj% tks/kiqj ftys ds ywuh rFkk vksf'k;u CykWd {ks= esa ,d[kksth vfHk;ku lapkfyr fd;k x;k rFkk taxyh ljlksa ¼4½] xsgwa¼3½] cktjk ¼6½] yksfc;k ¼3½] DyLVjchu ¼3½] eksBchu ¼4½ rFkkesFkh ¼1½ dh dqy 23 izkfIr;ksa dks ,df=r fd;k x;kA

jkaph% >kj[kaM ds iwohZ vkSj if'peh flagHkwe] ljk;dsyk [kjluok

rFkk NRrhlx<+ ds jk;x<+] cyksn] jktuanxkao] dadsj] ukjk;.kiqjrFkk dankxkao ftyksa esa nks vUos"k.k ,oa laxzg dk;Zdzeksa dk lapkyudj dqy 84 tuunzO; ds uewuksa dks ,df=r fd;k x;k ftlesavjgj ds ¼24½] pkoy ds ¼48½ rFkk jkxh ds ¼12½ tuunzO; 'kkfeygSaA

f'keyk% fgekpy izns'k ds ykgkSy o Lihfr rFkk fdUukSj ftyksaesa tuunzO; vUos"k.k vfHk;ku pyk;k x;kA csgeh ¼1½ fllfeZdzksQkbye ¼27½] vylh ¼5½] gksfMZ;e oqyxs;j ¼1½] ,fy;e dsjksfyfu,ue¼1½] taxyh [kqckuh rFkk taxyh VªkbfVlh ¼17½ dks feykdj dqy73 izkfIr;ksa dk laxzg fd;k x;kA

Jhuxj% ,uvkjlh ¼,l,l½ ds lg;ksx ls tEew rFkk dk'ehj dsfofHkUu Hkkxks a ls chth; elkyks a ds 28 tuunzO; izkfIr;ks a dklaxzg fd;k x;k ftlesa izkd`frd rkSj ij mxus okys cfu;eiflZde rFkk dsje dkohZ 'kkfey FksA bl LVs'ku us yn~nk[k dsdkjfxy ftys esa taxyh VªkbfVlh vkSj fllj dh [kkst vkSjlaxzg.k dk;Zdze esa lg;ksx djds 14 VsDlk ls lacaf/kr 96 izkfIr;ksadk laxzg fd;kA

f=k'k wj% ukxkyS aM] e/;izns'k rFkk xqtjkr es a pyk, x, rhu

vUos"k.k rFkk laxzg fe'kuksa esa dqy feykdj 371 uewuksa dk laxzgfd;k x;kA

dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k

2 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16

tuunzO; dk vknku&iznku

tuunzO; dk lekos'k % dqy feykdj 48]841 izkfIr;ksa ¼1]25]946uewuks a½ dk vk;kr fd;k x;k ftlesa lhthvkbZ,vkj ulZjh dstuunzO; ds ijh{k.k gsrq 40]796 ¼47]047½ rFkk 8]045 izfof"V;ksa¼78]889½ ds uewus 'kkfey gSaA

vk'kkoku xq.k&fof'k"V tuunzO; dk lekos'k

gksfMZ;e oqyxs;j ¼tkS½ % ihyk jrqok izfrjksf/krk gsrq yscuku lstuunzO; ¼bZlh 836449&836745½( rFkk ;wds ls taxyh iztkfr¼bZlh 804982&988½ dk vk;kr fd;k x;kA

vksjkbtk lsVkbok ¼pkoy½% fQyhihal ls taxyh iztkfr;ks a dhbaVªksxzs'ku ykbuksa ¼bZlh801659&729½ ls O;qRkiUu tSfod nckoksa dsfo#) izfrjk sf/krk okys u, lzk sr( fQyhih al ls iz/o a'k ¼bZlh803403&440½ ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk( fQyhihal ls mPp ftad va'k¼bZlh804017&356½ okyh iztuu ykbusa( phu ls QVu] nkc ds izfrlfg".kq rFkk vPNh nkus ls Hkjiwj xq.k okyh ¼bZlh804559&838½(fQyhihal ls lw[kk lfg".kq ¼bZlh 807584&816½ iztuu ykbusa(b aMk su s f'k;k ls c SDVhfj;y yhQ CykbV rFkk i z/o a'k ¼b Zlh812972&993½ ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk okyh( usiky ls lw[kk lfg".kqfdLesa ¼bZlh 814672&816½ rFkk baMksusf'k;k ls cSDVhfj;y yhQCykbV rFkk iz/oa'k ¼bZlh 830646&897½ ds fo#) izfrjksf/krkokyh fdLesa A

fVªfVde ,fLVoe ¼ xsgwa½ % jLV esa jksxk.kq:iksa ds fo'ys"k.k ds fy,vkuqoaf'kd LVkWd] ikmMjh feYM~;w jksxk.kq] LVse jLV] czkmu@yhQjLV] flfeV ls izkIr xsgwa dh fofHkUu taxyh iztkfr;ksa rFkk mUurfdLeks a ¼bZlh799617&754½ ls ihyk jrqok thu( ;wds ls izkIrtaxyh iztkfr;ks a ¼bZlh 804989&990½( flfeV] eSfDldks ls izkIresfDlu dksj lsV ¼bZlh 831784&948½( flfeV]eSfDldks ls izkIrbjkfu;u dksj lSV ¼bZlh 832949&193½( esfDldks ls izkIr rkilfg".kq ykbusa ¼bZlh 836759½A

t+h;k est+ ¼eDdk½ % m".k@miks".k i;kZoj.k ds fy, vuqdwfyr ubZflfeV ykbuks a ¼lh,e,y½ tks fof'k"V xq.kks a tSls lkekU; e/;ÅWapkbZ okys i.khZ; jksxksa tSls est LVªhd okbjl ¼,e,loh½] VjfldeyhQ CykbV ¼Vh,ych½] xzs yhQ LikWV ¼th,y,l½] Qs;ksLQsfj;kyhQ LikWV ¼ih,y,l½] d.kZ jkWV rFkk dkWeu jrqok LikWVsM rukcs/kd ¼fpyksikjVsyl½ rFkk vQzhdu LVse cksjj ¼cqfl;ksysQLdk½(esfDldks ls izkIr lQsn nkusnkj] de ukbVªk stu rFkk lw[kkn'kkvksa ¼bZlh 803523&540½ mRre la;kstu ;ksX;rk( fLoVjySaM lsdksj laxzg ¼bZlh 808940&969½A

isUuhlsVe XykWde ¼iyZ feysV½% ;w,l, vkuqoaf'kd uj ca/;rkokyh (ms3) LVkWd ,u,e&10,p ¼bZlh 802313½A

gsfy,aFkl ,Uul ¼lwjteq[kh½% ;w,l, ls izkIr uj moZjrk es alq/kkj rFkk lwjteq[kh jrqok ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk ¼bZlh 816178½A

lksysue ykbdksiflZde ¼VekVj½% rkboku ls izkIr VekVj ihri.kZ dyZokbjl ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk okyh ykbus a] cSDVhfj;yfoYV rFkk ¶+;wtsfj;e foYV] vaMkdkj Qy rFkk laf/kjfgr isfMdy¼bZlh 798219&220½ le;iwo Z ifjiDork] rki lfg".k q ¼b Zlh802554&562½ fdLes a ] xz s i.kh Z; /kCcs] ¶+;wtsfj;e foYV ¼bZlh804955&958½A

ysxsusfj;k fllsjkfj;k ¼ykSdh½ % ;w,l, ls izkIr ikmMjh feYM~;w];wtsfj;e foYV rFkk ,aFk z sDuk st ¼bZlh 800995&998½ izfrjk s/khfdLe A

flVª wyl ysusVl ¼rjcwt½ % ;w,l, ls izkIr dfydk Ård{k;okbjl ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk okyh ¼bZlh 800999&022½A

dqdqfel ehyks ¼[kjcwtk½ % ;w,l, ls izkIr ikmMjh feYM~;w] ¶+;wtsfj;efoYV rFkk ,aFkz sDukst ¼bZlh 802405&415½ izfrjks/kh fdLeA

osLdks alsfy;k Lih- ¼taxyh iihrk½ % vkWLVªsfy;k ls izkIr iik;kfjaxLikWV okbjl izfrjks/kh thu okyk taxyh teZIykTe ¼bZlh815412] bZlh 816070&071½

xksflfi;e glq ZVe ¼dikl½% ;w,l, ls izkIr vesfjdu viyS aMtuun z O; ykbu s a ¼b Zlh 801556&801658½( ; w,l, l s i z k Irdyxhnkj&uXu viySaM E;wVs aV ykbu ¼bZlh 807817½A

lksysue V~;wcjksle ¼vkyw½ % teZuh ls izkIr mPp 'kq"d inkFkZlfgr teZIykTe rFkk ysV CykbV ds fo#) izfrjk s/kh ¼bZlh806225&238½( ;w,l, ls izkIr vxsrh CykbV] jxM+] QVu] ysVCykWbV rFkk fifFk;e yhd ¼bZlh 807941&952½ ds izfr lfg".kq A

fFk;k sc zk sek ddko ¼dksdksvk½ % ;w-ds- ls izkIr osLdqyj LVªhdMkbcSd izfrjks/kh rFkk CySd ikWM ¼Qyh dk dkyk iM+uk½ dsizfrjks/kh ¼bZlh 809272&283½A

tuunzO; dk fu;kZr % bfØlsV vf/knsf'kr Qlyksa ds ,Q,vksi zkf/kd`r izkfIr;ks a ¼163 uewuk s a½ dh vkiwfRrZ dh lqfo/kk rFkkflfeV edbZ ds VªkW;yksa ¼fons'kh ewy dh mRifRr½ ds 3]142 uewuksadh {ks=h; LVs'ku] gSnjkckn }kjk fofHkUu ns'kks a dks vkiwfRrZ A

jk"Vªh; vkiwfRrZ % lkexzh LFkkukarj.k djkj ¼,eVh,½ ds rgrvuqla/kku dk;ZdrkZvksa ls izkIr vuqjks/k ij ns'k esa fofHkUu Qlylq/kkj dk;Zdzeks a es a mi;ksx gsrq jk"Vªh; iz;ksDrkvks a dks fofHkUuQlyksa ds 12]192 uewuksa dh vkiwfRrZ dh xbZA blds vfrfjDr] dqyfeykdj 84]195 ue wuk s a dh i qui ztuu@lao)Zu@vkd`frdy{k.ko.k Zu@i z kj a f H kd e wY;k adu@ofx Zdh igpku@Mh,u,fQaxjfiz afVax@thou{kerk ijh{k.k ds fy, vkiwfRrZ dh xbZA

tuunzO; dk laxjks/k

ubZ fnYyh esa] fofHkUu Qlyksa rFkk muds taxyh :iksa ds ijh{k.kizfof"V;ks a lfgr vk;kfrr tuunzO; ds dqy feykdj 1]19]025uewuksa dh laxjks/k fDy;jsal ds fy, izkslsflax dh xbZA dbZ fons'kh

3dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k

uk'khdhVksa dks lfEefyr djrs gq, xzflr@ladzfer uewuksa ¼2]182½es a & dhVks a ¼440½] lw=d`fe;ks a ¼248½] dod@cSDVhfj;k ¼431½]fo"kk.kq ¼94½ rFkk [kjirokjks a ¼969½ ds uewus 'kkfey FksA 2]182xzflr@ladzfer@lanwf"kr uewuksa esa ls 2]019 dks HkkSfrd&jklk;fudfof/k;ks a tSls /kwezhdj.k] xeZ ty mipkj ¼,pMCY;wVh½] ,Dl&jsjsfM;ksxzkQh] dhVuk'kh mipkj] eSdsfudy Dyhfuax rFkk xzksbax&vkWu ijh{k.k }kjk cpk;k x;kA 136 uewuksa dks ugha cpk;k tkldk blfy, mUgsa jn~n dj fn;k x;kA 58 uewuksa ftuesa dksLVkfjdk ls psjh yhQ jksy okbjl ¼lh,yvkjoh½ ls 19 Xykflus esDl]xzsiokbu Qsu yhQ okbjl ¼th,Q,yoh½] ih bus'ku ekstsd okbjl¼ihbZ,eoh½] jLicsjh fjaxLikWV okbjl ¼vkjihvkj,loh½] VksekWVksCySd fjax okbjl ¼Vhchvkjoh½( th,Q,yoh rFkk Vhchvkjoh dsdkj.k dukMk ls izkIr th- esDl( vkbZvkbZVh, ls foXukW vufXodqykVk]chu ik WM ek WVy okbjl ds dkj.k ukbthfj;k] lh,yvkjoh]th,Q,yoh] ihuV LVaV okbjl rFkk VksekWVks fjax LikWV okbjlls ladzfer Fks] dks fujLr fd;k x;kA dqy feykdj 181 uewuksadh fu;kZr ds fy, izkslsflax dh xbZ ftlesa ls 96 ladzfer uewuksadks cpk;k x;k rFkk 7 QkbVkslsfuVjh izek.ki= tkjh fd, x,Avk;kfrr ikjthuh jk si.k lkexzh ds 641 uewuk s a dh laxjk s/kizkslsflax ls irk pyk fd edbZ rFkk dikl esa dod ladze.k( edbZesa okbjl( VjfeusVj thu dh vuqifLFkr dks lqfuf'pr fd;k x;krFkk tkjhdj.k ls iwoZ lHkh uewuksa dk cpko fd;k x;kA tuunzO;laj{k.k izHkkx ls dqy 18]860 uewus cht LokLF; ijh{k.k ds fy,izkIr gq, Fks ftuesa ls 1]262 uewuks a dks fofHkUu uk'khdhVks a lsladzfer@xzflr ik;k x;kA dqy feykdj 3]789 uewuksa dh ,Dl&jsjsfM;ksxzkQh dh xbZ rFkk 125 uewuks a dks fujLr dj fn;k x;kD;ksafd mudk cpko ugha fd;k tk ldkA 128 uewuksa dks lw=d̀fe;ksal s ladzfer ik;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr] Vhlhlh;w ls 118fge&ifjjf{kr uewus] cht LokLF; ijh{k.k ds fy, izkIr gq, Fksmuesa ls 14 uewuksa dks fofHkUu izdkj ds dodksa ls ladzfer ik;kx;k bu lcdk cpko fd;k x;kA

gSnjkckn% dqy feykdj 42]885 uewuksa ¼25]508 vk;kfrr( 15]715+]1662 fu;kZr ds uewuks a½ dks laxjks/k fDy;jsal ds fy, ifj"d`rfd;k x;kA laxjks/k dh n`f"V ls ftu jksxk.kqutdksa@uk'khdhVks adks vyx fd;k x;k muesa isLVkyksfV;k Lih- rFkk jkbtksDVksfu;kcVkfVdk syk ¼eDdk& fQyhih al½ ] vkYVju s fj;k g s fy, aF k h¼lwjteq[kh&vtsZVkbuk½( IykLeksisjk gyLVsMh ¼lwjteq[kh&;w,l,½(dksysVksVªkbde xz sfefudksyk ¼Tokj&ekyh½( Liksfjlksfj;e Øw,aVe¼Tokj&ukbtj½( isjk suk sLiksj s es a'k wfjdk ¼lks;kchu&dksLVkfjdkrFkk ;w,l,½( isjksuksLiksjkisjk flfVdk ¼iRrkxksHkh& ;w,l,½( FkkbySaMls djsyk ij L;wMksiuksZLiksjk D;wcsafll rFkk dks,usQksjk Lih-( ;wdsls izkIr czsfldk jkik ij vkYVjusfj;k czsflfldksyk( flVksQkbylthest rFkk jkbtksiFks Z Mksfefudk ¼lwjteq[kh&ekyh½ dk vojks/kufd;k x;kA uk'khdhVksa ls ladzfer@xzflr vk;kfrr uewuksa ¼14]507½dk cpko fd;k x;k rFkk mUgsa ekaxdrkZvks a ¼26]760½ dks tkjhfd;k x;kA nf{k.k Hkkjr esa 45 laxBuksa dks laxjks/k lsok,a iznku

dh xbZA bfdzlsV ¼744½ ds ihbZD;wvkbZ, ij mxkbZ xbZ fofHkUuQlyksa ds 4]909 uewuksa] futh m|ksx ¼3]091½ rFkk ,uchihthvkjxzhugkml ¼678½ dh izos'k&mijkar laxjks/k tkWap dh xbZA

tuunzO; dk y{k.ko.kZu] ewY;kadu rFkk lao)Zu

izfrosfnr vof/k ds nkSjku] fofHkUu [kk|kUu&ckxokuh Qlyksa dh9]473 izkfIr;ksa dks y{k.ko.kZu] ewY;kadu] iqu% l`tu rFkk cgqxq.kuds fy, ubZ fnYyh esa mxk;k x;kA tSfod nckc ds rgr fHkaMh¼725 izkfIr;ka½] mM+n ¼327 izkfIr;ka½ rFkk cSaxu ds 504 izkfIr;ksadks izkFkfed Ldzhfuax ds fy, mxk;k x;k rFkk jsilhM&ljlks a¼18½] VekVj ¼54½ rFkk cSaxu ¼18½ izkfIr;ksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq,90 izkfIr;ksa dh izeq[k tSfod nckoksa ds fo#) vxzr Ldzhfuax dsvarxZr ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr] xeyksa esa mxkus dsfy, fofHkUu Qlyksa dh 916 izkfIr;ksa dk muds tM+&xkaB lw=d`feds izfr iks"kh Lrj dh tkWap ds fy, ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA vtSfodnckoksa dh n'kk esa xsgwa ¼36½] eDdk ¼32½ rFkk pus ¼39½ dks 'kkfeydjrs gq, dqy 107 izkfIr;k s a dk lw[kk lgu'khyrk ds fy,ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA tSojklk;fud ewY;kadu ds varxZr fofHkUuQlyksa tSls rksfj;k&ljlksa ¼1]225½] vylh ¼200½] xsgwa ¼200½] edbZ¼38½] puk ¼734½ rFkk fpuksikWM ¼10½ lfgr dqy 1]803 izkfIr;ksa dkmud s x q. koRrk ekun aMk s a d s fy, fo'y s " k. k fd;k x;kAQkbVks&jklk;fud ewY;kadu ds rgr fofHkUu izdkj ds vkS"k/kh;vkSj lxa/kh; ikS/kks a ds 83 uewuks a dk muds lfdz; ;ksfxdksa gsrqfo'ys"k.k fd;k x;kA fudjk ifj;kstuk ds varxZr] vafre rkih;lgu'khyrk gsrq xsgwa izkfIr;ksa ds ,d 348 lanHkZ&lsV dks nsj lscksbZ tkus okyh n'kkvksa ds rgr mxk;k x;k rkfd muds nkrkvksa¼MkWuj½ dh igpku dh tk ldsA d`f"k&tSofofo/krk daiksus aV&IIij lhvkjih ds varxZr Qlyks a ds xq.kks a] tSfod vkSj vtSfodnckoksa ds izfr pkoy ¼1]000½] xsgwa ¼1]483½] fQaxjfeysV ¼1]000½]rksfj;k ljlksa ¼1]000½] puk ¼736½ rFkk fHkaMh ¼745½ dks lfEefyrdjrs gq, dqy feykdj 5]964 dk ,vkbZlhvkjih dsanzks a@gkWVLikWVij ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA tuunzO; mi;ksx dh lqfo/kk gsrq jchesa fryguh] nyguh rFkk laHkkouk okyh Qlyksa rFkk xsgwa vkSj tkSij nks teZIykTe QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA Qlylq/kkj gsrq mi;ksx ds fy, 56 ekaxdrkZvksa dks fofHkUu Qlyksa dh2]014 izkfIr;ks a dh vkiwfRrZ dh xbZ rFkk xsgw a ¼1]485½] pkoy¼1]000½] rksfj;k ljlks a ¼1]000½] puk ¼250½] fHkaMh ¼250½ rFkkfQaxj feysV ¼1]000½ dks 'kkfey djrs gq, dqy 5]480 izkfIr;ksa dkslhvkjih ds rgr muds foLr`r ewY;kadu ds fy, fofHkUu lg;ksxhdsanzks a dks vkiwfRrZ dh xbZA fofHkUu {ks=h; LVs'kuksa ij fd, x,tuunzO; dk y{k.ko.kZu o ewY;kadu dk fooj.k fuEufyf[kr gS%

vdksyk% jch 2014&15 esa 251 izkfIr;ksa rFkk [kjhQ 2015 dsnkSjku 277 izkfIr;ks a dks 'kkfey djrs gq, dqy feykdj 528izkfIr;ksa dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA Qly&okj izkfIr;ksa esa pkSykbZnkuk ¼65½] vylh ¼113½ rFkk dqlqe ¼62½] Mh;w,l ifj;kstuk esajch ¼2014&15½ ds nkSjku pkSykbZ nkuk ¼11½ rFkk [kjhQ] 2015 esa


fry ¼97½] QkWDl feysV ¼60½] ,csyekWLdl V~;wcjdqysVl ¼58½rFkk dqyFkh ¼62½ lfEefyr gSaA

dVd % Qly mxk, tkus okys pkoy ¼852½] mM+n ¼25½] feysV¼32½] taxyh vksjkbtk iztkfr ¼132½] vkWflee iztkfr;ka ¼69½]eqdquk iz q,al ¼21½] fgfcLdl lCnkfjQk ¼11½ lfgr dqy 1]167izkfIr;ks a ds ,d lsV dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;k rFkk fofHkUuQly&vkd`frd xq.kks a okys laHkkouk'khy thuksVkbiks a dh igpkudh xbZA Qly mxk, tkus okys pkoy dh 136 izkfIr;ksa ds ,dlsV dh mityeXurk@xgjs [email protected] lfg".kqrk gsrq ewY;kadufd;k x;k rFkk laHkkouk'khy thuksVkbiks a dh igpku dh xbZA

gSnjkckn % ewax ¼91½] dqyFkh ¼140½] dakx.kh ¼168½] pkSykbZ ¼60½]QhYM chu ¼26½] NksVk feysV ¼128½] fifyislkjk ¼30½] fepZ ¼81½]eDdk ¼33½] Tokj ¼10½ rFkk mM+n ¼4½ dks 'kkfey djrs gq, dqyfeykdj 771 izkfIr;ksa dk y{k.ko.kZu dj [kjhQ ds nkSjku mudkjsaMekbTM CykWd fMtkbu@vkWxwesaVsM CykWd fMtkbu esa mUgsa mi;qDrpSd fdLeksa lfgr ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA

tks/kiqj % jch 2014&15 ds nkSjku xsgwa ¼249½ ¼vafre rkilgu'khyrk½] czsfldk ¼82½] esFkh ¼165½ dks feykdj 495 izkfIr;ksads ,d lsV dk ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA xzh"e 2015 ds nkSjku Xokj¼290½] ew axchu ¼124½] eksBchu ¼127½ rFkk yksfc;k ¼155½ dkQlyh; egRo ds xq.kksa gsrq ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA [ksrksa esa eksBchudh nks izkfIr;ks a vkbZlh 36786 rFkk vkbZlh 37822 dh fdzadyokbjl jksx ds izfr mudh varfuZfgr izfrjksf/krk dh iquiZqf"V dhxbZA [kjhQ] 2015 ds nkSjku Xokj ¼872 izkfIr;ka½] ewaxchu ¼355izkfIr;ka½] eksBchu ¼328 izkfIr;ka½] yksfc;k ¼497 izkfIr;ka½] fry¼220 izkfIr;ka½] cktjk ¼823 izkfIr;ka½] jkxh ¼41 izkfIr;ka½ rFkkfyfVy feysV ¼29½ lfgr dqy feykdj 3]178 izkfIr;k s a dkewY;kadu fd;k x;kA

jkWaph % [kjhQ 2014&15 ds nkSjku vjgj dh 151 izkfIr;ksa ds ,dlsV dk lao)Zu dj mudk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;k rFkk mRd`"VizkfIr;ksa dh igpku dh xbZA [kjhQ 2014&15 ds nkSjku gh vjgj¼67½] /kku ¼23½] fQaxjfeysV ¼17½ rFkk jkblchu ¼18½ ds dqyfeykdj 125 izkfIr;ksa dk ewY;kadu dj mUgsa loaf)Zr fd;k x;kAQy okyh Qlyksa esa dVgy ¼109½] csy¼137½] tkequ ¼43½ rFkklatu ¼11½ esa muds Qy lacaf/kr xq.kksa ds fy, y{k.ko.kZu fd;kx;k rFkk csgrj izkfIr;ksa dh igpku dh xbZA

f'kykax % [kjhQ 2015 ds nkSjku lL;&vkd`frd xq.kksa ds fy,[kk|kUu&ckxokuh Qlyks a ds tuunzO; ds dqy feykdj 1]055izkfIr;ks a dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA fetksje ls laxzfgr 235eDdk izkfIr;ksa ds ,d lsV ds y{k.klef"V dk pfj=o.kZu fd;kx;k rFkk Vjflde yhQ CykbV ds izfr mldh vuqfdz;k dkewY;kadu fd;k x;kA

f'keyk % izfrosfnr o"kZ ds nkSjku dqy feykdj 1]874 izkfIr;ksadks muds y{k.ko.kZu] ewY;kadu rFkk lao)Zu ds fy, mxk;k x;kAfofHkUu xq.kksa ds izfr buesa vkuqoaf'kd fofHkUurk dk O;kid jsatntZ fd;k x;kA

Jhuxj % jch] 2014&15 ds nkSjku fgeky; ds o"kkZiksf"kr n'kkvksads rgr U;wure fu:idksa ds vuqlkj xsgwa ¼200½] tkS ¼100½] rksfj;kljlks a ¼76½ rFkk vylh ¼52½ dks feykdj dqy 428 tuunzO;izkfIr;ksa dk muds vkd`frd&lL;h; fo'ks"krkvksa ds fy, ewY;kadufd;k x;k rFkk bu Qlyksa esa ls izR;sd dh fofHkUu xq.kks a gsrqlaHkkouk okys@mRd`"V thuksVkbiks a dh igpku dh xbZ A

f=k'kwj % jch] 2014&15 ds nkSjku cSaxu dh 72 izkfIr;ksa] taxyhdjsyk dh 61] Lusd xksMZ dh 16 rFkk bfoxksMZ dh 13 izkfIr;ksa dky{k.ko.kZu@ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA [kjhQ] 2015 ds nkSjku pkoyds 207] ;kMZ&ykax chu ds 40] VªkbdkslsaFk t dqdqesfjuk ds 15]dn~nw ds 22] dksdqe ds 31 rFkk fHkaMh ds 7 izkfIr;ksa dk budsla'ysf"kr ,afQfMIykW;M ds fy, y{k.ko.kZu@ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA

thuksfed lalk/ku

85 iathd`r uewuksa] vartkZr] ladjksa vkSj daiksftV lesr eDdk dhs145 izkfIr;ksa dh dzekuqlkj 32 vkSj 33 ,l,lvkj lfgr fQaxjfizafVax dh xbZA blds vfrfjDr lqikjh] puk] dikl] Qkck chu]dqyFkh] ljlksa] tbZ] I;kt] cktjk] vuUukl] pkoy] Tokj] rkjkfejk]mnZchu rFkk xsgwa dh Mh,u, fQaxjfizafVax dh xbZA ladj fdLeksa]lqxaf/kr pkoy] vtSfod ncko lfg".kq rFkk le;iwoZ ifjiDo gksusokyh pkoy dh dqy 729 uewuksa dh 36 gkbij osfj,cy ,l,lvkjekdZjksa ds lkFk izksQkbfyax dh xbZA vkd`frd fofo/krk okys 39izkfIr;ksa ds ,aMªksxzsfQl isfudqykVk dk 22 SCoT rFkk 19 lhchMhihizkbejksa ds lkFk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA Hkkjr ds mRrj&iwohZ {ks=ds fy, 50 ds ,l,uih fpi dk mi;ksx djds pkoy ds ,dfeuh&dksj tuunzO; lsV ¼194 izkfIr;ksa½ dks fodflr fd;k x;kAvkd`frd ekdZjks a ij vk/kkfjr vf[ky Hkkjrh; jkbl dksj ¼789½dks fodflr dj mldk 4 ,l,lvkj ekdZjksa ds lkFk y{k.ko.kZufd;k x;kA 18 vkd̀frd&'kjhj fdz;kRed rFkk mit esa ;ksxdkjdxq.kksa rFkk 26 ,l,lvkj ekdZjksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, xsgwa dh 28laHkkouk okyh izkfIr;ksa dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA yqQk dh pkjiztkfr;ksa ls lacaf/kr 36 izkfIr;ksa dk 5 ckjdksfMax ykslkbZ ¼fcanqiFk½lfgr fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;kA ykSdh ds 659 bZ,lVh&,l,lvkj dksLiat vkSj fjtxksMZ es a LFkkukarfjr fd;k x;kA Liat xksMZ es a58]865 ;wfuthuks a rFkk 8]934 I;wVsfVo flaiy lhDos al fjihV¼,l,lvkj½ dh igpku dh xbZ] VªkalfdzIVkse ladfyr ykSdh esa2]592 ,l,lvkj] rFkk djsys esa 7]677 ekbdzkslsVsykbu jhtuksa dhigpku dh xbZA xsgwa ds 6 , dzksekslkse ij izfr 10 ckfy;ksa esaD;wVh,y ds fy, chtksa dh la[;k] 1]000 nkuksa dk otu rFkk izfr10 ckfy;ksa esa cht Hkkj dh igpku dh xbZA pkoy esa 19 yo.k

5dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k

vuqfdz;k okys dsafMMsV thu vk/kkfjr ,l,lvkj (cgSSR) ekdZjks adk oS/khdj.k fd;k x;kA thuksVkbfiax vuqiz;ksxks a gsrq pkoy¼vksjkbtk lsVkbok½ esa thukse&okbM 129 ukoWy miRNA-vk/kkfjrekbdzkslsVsykbV ekdZjksa dks fodflr fd;k x;kA ykSdh ds VªkafLdzIVksels 69 ,uch,l&,yvkjvkj thuksa dh igpku dh xbZA foXuk rFkkQsft;ksyl iztkfr;ksa ds vkuqoaf'kd rFkk thuksfed lalk/kuksa ijMkVkc sl fodflr fd;k x;kA vk S " k/ k h; ik S / k k s a ¼Vhuk sLik sjkdkfMZQksfy;k rFkk ,aMªksxzsfQl isfudqykVk½ ds fy, ekbdzks lsVsykbVMkVkcsl dk fodkl fd;k x;kA us'kuy thuk sfed lalk/kulaxzgky; esa 350 thuksfed lalk/kuksa dk laxzg fd;k x;kA

199 th,e bZosaV ds Qly&fof'k"V esfVªlst] 75 vkuqoaf'kd rRoksalfgr 143 th ,e esTk bZos aV rFkk 44 vkuqoaf'kd rRoks a lfgrdikl ds 56 bZosaVksa dks fodflr fd;k x;kA rhu ekdZj thuksa dksyf{kr djrs gq, izdV ,y,,eih tkW ap] QkWfLQuksfFk zflu&,u&,flVkbyVªkalQjst ¼ih,Vh½] QkWLQksesUukst vkblksesjsl ¼ih,evkbZ½rFkk yky yksjs alsV izksVhu (ds-Red2) dks fodflr fd;k x;kAokg~;&LFkkus laxzgks a esa ikjthfu;ksa dh viLFkkfud mifLFkfr dhfuxjkuh dh xbZ] cSaxu dh 65] dikl dh 50 rFkk fHkaMh dh 50izkfIr;ks a dks jk"Vªh; thu cS ad es a lajf{kr fd;k x;k] CaMV35izorZdksa rFkk ukWu&VfeZusVj dks yf{kr djrs gq, ihlhvkj@fj;yVkbe ihlhvkj ij[k dh xbZA ,jsfcMk sfIll Fk sfy;kuk ¼16½];wdsfyIVl dsesyMqysafll ¼79½] XkykbZflu esDl ¼1½] xksflfi;eiztkfr;ks a ¼20½] efUugkWVsLdqys aVk ¼50½ rFkk th est ¼41½ dsvk;kfrr ikjthuh ykbuks a dh 207 izkfIr;ks a dk ijh{k.k fd;kx;kA

tuunzO; laj{k.k

fofHkUu Qlyksa dh vf/klwfpr dh tkus okyh rFkk tkjh dh tkpqdh ,oa xq.k&fof'k"V iathd`r tuunzO; dks 'kkfey djrs gq,tuunzO; dh dqy 30]912 izkfIr;ka] jk"Vªh; thucSad esa nh?kZdkyhulaj{k.k ds fy, izkIr gqbZaA thu cSad ds ekudksa dk vuqlj.k djrsg q, budk s ifj"d `r fd;k x;k ] blds vfrfjDr fofH k Uud`f"k&ckxokuh Qlyksa ds vU; 11]581 izkfIr;ksa dks ewy laxzg esa'kkfey fd;k x;k ftlls tuunzO; dh dqy la[;k c<+dj4]19]312 gks xbZA lajf{kr izkfIr;ksa esa ls 6]551 izkfIr;ka ubZ FkharFkk 5030 izkfIr;ks a dks iqutZuu ds i'pkr izkIr fd;k x;kAHkaMkfjr tuunzO; ¼12]303 izkfIr;ka½ es a vadqj.k rFkk cht dhek=k dh fuxjkuh rFkk ewY;kadu@iqutZuu@vuqla/kku@y{k.ko.kZugsr q forj.k ¼59]043½ vU; izkFkfedrk okys fdz;kdyki Fk sAvkiwfRrZ fd, x, tuunzO; esa d`f"k tSofofo/krk ij da'kks Zfl;evuqla/kku ifj;k stuk ¼lhvkjih&,ch½ ds rgr lao)Zu rFkky{k.ko.kZu gsrq ¼39]783½ Hksth xbZ izkfIr;ka 'kkfey FkhaA leFkZdvuqla/kku dks mu ?kVdksa dks le>us rFkk muesa O;ogkj dkS'kydjus dh vksj funsf'kr fd;k x;k ftlls ykxr&izHkkoh rjhdsls chtksa ds HkaMkj.k dky dks c<+k;k tk lds rFkk cht vadqj.k

dh leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds dk;Z dks tkjh j[kk x;kA fofHkUuQly oxksZ a rFkk n'kkvksa esa pkj HkaMkj.k O;oLFkkvks a mnkgj.kkFkZnh?kZ&dkyhu HkaMkj.k ekWM~;wy ¼&180 ½] pax yk esa HkaMkj.k d{kds vanj] d{k ds ckgj rFkk vfr ÅPp vuqla/kku j{kk laLFkku¼MhvkbZ,p,vkj½] ysg esa rhu o"kksZa rd HkaMkj.k ds i'pkr ~7% uehn'kkvks a es a 19 Qlyks a ls lacaf/kr chtks a dh fuxjkuh dh xbZAvadqj.k ij izkIr vkadM+ksa ds fo'ys"k.k ls ;g ladsr feyrk gS fdpax yk ekWM~;wy ds vanj HkaMkfjr chtksa dh HkaMkj.k {kerk dksjk"Vªh; thucSad esa nh?kZdkyhu HkaMkj.k n'kkvksa ds lerqY; ik;kx;kA esyksfp;k dkpks ZfjQksfy;k rFkk taxyh pkoy mnkgj.kkFkZvksjkbtk fuokjk rFkk vksjkbtk #Qhiksxksu ds chtksa dh lqlqIrkoLFkkdks rksM+us ij v/;;u fd, x,A esyksfp;k dkpksZfjQksfy;k ds fy,10 feuV rd 700 ls- fMxzh lsfYl;l ij xeZ ty mipkj rFkkvksjkbtk fuokjk rFkk vksjkbtk #Qhiksxksu ds fMXywEM chtksa dsizfr th,3 dk lg&vuqiz;ksx lokZf/kd izHkkoh mipkj ik;k x;kA,uchihthvkj ds lkFk&lkFk vU; izeq[k oSf'od laxzgks a es a lsewaxQyh rFkk pkoy ds laxzgks a ds ikliksVZ MkVk ds vk/kkj ijlaLFkku esa fodflr vkj iSdst PGRdup ds mi;ksx ls izkfIr;ksads laHkkO; MqIyhdsV lsVksa dh igpku dh xbZ A

bu foVªks@Ård lao)Zu laj{k.k % o"kZ ds nkSjku] Qy okyhQlyks a] 'kYd danks a rFkk dan Qlyks a] vkS"k/kh;] lxa/kh; rFkknqyZHk@ladVxzLr ikS/kk s a ] elkyks a] jksi.k rFkk vkS|ksfxd Qlyks arFkk vU; ls lacaf/kr 1]900 izkfIr;ksa dk dYpj :e n'kkvksa ¼25± 20 ls- fMxzh lsfYl;l( 16@8 ?kaVk ½ rFkk de rkieku ¼40 ls-fMxzh lsfYl;l½ ij Lo&ik=s lao)Zu fd;k x;kA iztkfr@thuksVkbids vk/kkj ij vkSlr milao)Zu vof/k dks 2 ls ysdj 24 ekg rdik;k x;kA ikbij chVy rFkk ih- ukbxze fdLe lqHkdjk es alcdYpj vof/k dks ch,ih ds de lkanzrk lfgr csly ehfM;eds O;ogkj dkS'ky ls 24 ekg rd c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA fofVªfQds'ku]budSIlqys'ku&fMgkbMªs'ku ;k MªkiysV fofVªfQds'ku rduhd dkmi;ksx djrs gq, ,fy;e iztkfr;ks a] djdqek iztkfr;ks a] djdqekyksaxk] ngfy;k fdLe-] MkW;ksLdksjh;k cqyfcQsjk] jkmoksfYQ;k lisZafVukrFkk oSDlhfu;eks osVe esa fgeifjj{k.k iz;ksxksa us iz'khru iwoZ rFkki'pkr lQyrk feyhA

fgeifjj{k.k % ,fy;e iztkfr;ks a ¼9 izkfIr;ka½] ewlk Lih- ¼10izkfIr;ka½] :cl gkbfczM ¼1 izkfIr½ rFkk oSfDlfu;e iztkfr;ksa ¼3izkfIr;ka½ ds dqy 23 izkfIr;ksa dks izjksg 'kh"kZ ;k esfjLVse ds :ies a fgeHkaMkfjr fd;k x;kA bl o"kZ ds nkSjku Qyks a] elkyks a]vkS|ksfxd Qlyksa] eksVs vuktksa] lfCt;ksa] vkS"k/kh; Qlyksa] Qfy;ksarFkk vukt okyh Qlyksa dh dqy 537 izkfIr;ksa dks muds thuksfedlalk/kuksa lfgr cht] Hkzw.kh; ,Dlst ds :i esa fge&HkaMkfjr fd;kx;k vkSj bl izdkj dzk;ksthucS ad es a izkfIr;ks a dh dqy la[;kc<+dj 11]624 gks xbZA ijaijkxr rFkk xSj&ijaijkxr chtksa dh200 ls vf/kd izkfIr;ksa rFkk de mi;ksx esa yk, x, Qy iztkfr;ksa


dh 40 izkfIr;ksa dh lkof/kd thou{ke ijh{k.k ls irk pyk gS fd4&10 o"kks Z a rd fge&HkaMkj.k ds ckn Hkh vf/kdrj izkfIr;ksa dhthou{kerk dks cuk, j[kk tk ldrk gSA

vU; fØ;kdyki

� y{;ks a dh izkfIr gsrq fofHkUu fdz;kdykiks a rFkk cqfu;knhlajpuk@lqfo/kkvksa ds lqn`<+hdj.k gsrq ;kstuk uhfr;ka rS;kjdjus rFkk ihthvkj izca/ku ls lacaf/kr dk;ksZ a dh izxfr dhleh{kk ds fy, laLFkku ds izca/ku lfefr] vuqla/kku lykgdkjlfefr rFkk laLFkku vuqla/kku ifj"kn dh cSBdksa dk le;ij vk;kstu fd;k x;kA

� fopkjks a ds vknku&iznku rFkk muds dkS'ky dks c<+kus dsfy, laLFkku eq[;ky; rFkk blds {ks=h; LVs'kuksa@dsanzks a dsoSKkfudks a] vuqla/kku v/;srkvks a ] rduhdh rFkk iz'kklfudLVkWQ us dbZ lsfeukj] flEiksft;k] lEesyuks a] dk;Z'kkykvks a]izf'k{k.k rFkk lej Ldwy esa lgHkkfxrk dhA fons'kh cSBdksaesa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, nl oSKkfudksa dks fons'k Hkstk x;kAbu lgHkkfxrkvksa dk foLr`r fooj.k lkekU; lwpuk ds v/;k; 21 esa fn;k x;k gSA

� dbZ izfrf"Br oSKkfudksa] iz'kkldksa] uhfr fuekZrkvksa] fdlkuksarFkk fo|kfFkZ;ks a us laLFkku ds eq[;ky; es a fLFkr jk"Vªh;thucS ad] Mh,u, fQaxjfiz a fVax iz;k sx'kkyk] ikni laxjk s/kXyklgkml] jk"Vªh; daVsuesaV lqfo/kk ¼lh,y&4 Lrjh;½ rFkkÅrd lao)Zu iz;ksx'kkyk lfgr bZLlkiqj] vdksyk] Hkokyh]dVd] gSnjkckn] tks/kiqj] jkaph] f'kykax] f'keyk rFkk f='kqjesa fLFkr QhYM thu cSadksa dk fujh{k.k fd;kA

� vk;ksftr flEiksft;k@dk;Z'kkyk,a@izf'k{k.k@fopkjksRrstdl= %

vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh es a 27&30 viz SYk]2015 rd U;wu rkieku foKku rFkk ,Mokal tSoizkS|ksfxdhesa varjjk"Vªh; lEesyu dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA

vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh esa 19 ls 28 vxLr]2015 rd Qlyksa ds taxyh lgksnj % igpku] laxzg vkSjmi;ksx ij y?kq ikB~;dze

vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] Hkokyh esa 4 flrEcj] 2015 dksizf'k{k.k dk;Zdze vkSj csfly ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstufd;k x;kA

vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh esa 14 vDVwcj] 2015lhvkjih rFkk d`f"k tSofofo/krk ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh es a 30 uoEcj&12

fnlEcj] 2015 ds nkSjku Mh,u,&vk/kkfjr vkuqoaf'kd :ils la'kk sf/kr thoks a ¼th,evks½ dh tkW ap] cht ijh{k.k ,oalR;kiu ij varjjk"Vªh; izf'k{k.k dk;Zdze dk vk;kstu A

vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] us'kuy ,dsMeh vkWQ dLVEk],Dlkbt ,aM ukjdksfVDl ¼,u,lhbZ,u½ rFkk i;kZoj.k rFkkou laj{k.k ea=ky; }kjk la;qDr :i ls lhek 'kqYd dkfeZdksads fy, nks fnolh; vof/k ds pkj izf'k{k.k dk;Z'kkykvksa dkdze'k% ,u,lhbZ,u] Qjhnkckn es a ¼26&27 vDVwcj] 2015½({k s=h; izf'k{k.k laLFkku ¼vkjVhvkbZ½] ,u,lhbZ,u] pSUubZ¼16&17 uoEcj] 2015½( vkjVhvkbZ] ,u,lhbZ,u] eqEcbZ ¼19&20uoEcj] 2015½ rFkk vkjVhvkbZ] ,u,lhbZ,u] dksydrk ¼26&27uoEcj] 2015½ esa vk;kstu fd;k x;kA

vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj rFkk i;kZoj.k rFkk ou laj{k.kea=ky; }kjk la;qDr :i ls ikni laxjks/k dkfeZdksa ds fy,rhu fnolh; vof/k ds nk s i z f'k{k.k dk; Z'kkykvk s a dkvkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh ea s 8&10 fnlEcj]2015 rFkk 16&18 fnlEcj] 2015 ds nkSjku vk;kstu fd;kx;kA

� QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu %QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu %QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu %QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu %QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu % ikni iztudksa@vuqla/kku dkfeZdksa}kjk tuunzO; ds mi;ksx dks c<+kus ds fy, jch fryguksa]nyguksa] laHkkouk;qDr Qlyksa] xsgwa] tkS rFkk fVªfVdsy] tbZrFkk lCth Qlyksa ¼iRrk xksHkh] fHkaMh] dn~nwoxhZ; Qlyksa½ ijikWap QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr],uchihthvkj rFkk blds {ks=h; dsanzksa us dbZ fdlku esyksa esalgHkkfxrk dh rFkk ihthvkj ds egRo rFkk mi;ksx ijtkx:drk c<+kus ds fy, ,d ifCyd vkmVjhp l= dkvk;kstu fd;kA

� tuunzO; dk iathdj.k %tuunzO; dk iathdj.k %tuunzO; dk iathdj.k %tuunzO; dk iathdj.k %tuunzO; dk iathdj.k % iathdj.k rFkk laj{k.k ds fy, 32iztkfr;ksa ls lacaf/kr dqy 64 izLrkoksa ¼izkIr dqy 176 izLrkoksaesa ls½ dk vuqeksnu fd;k x;kA

� izdk'ku %izdk'ku %izdk'ku %izdk'ku %izdk'ku % vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj dh okf"k Zd fjik sV ZrFkk =Sekfld U;wtysVj dk izdk'ku fd;k x;k rFkk ihthvkjizca/ku lfgr bls lHkh lacaf/kr yksxksa esa forfjr fd;k x;kAblds vfrfjDr] vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj ds oSKkfudks a}kjk jk"Vªh; rFkk varjjk"Vªh; tuZyksa esa fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij'kks/k i= ¼143½( dbZ laikfnr iqLrdksa] ys[kdksa dh iqLrdksa ¼4½es a iqLrd v/;k;@leh{kkRed ys[k ¼28½( eSuqvy@okf"k Zdleh{kk@rduhdh lgk;rk ¼3½( dzkWi teZIykTe fjiksVZj ¼1½(vuqla/kku cqysfVu ¼7½( bZ&izdk'kuksa ¼30½ rFkk yksdfiz; rduhdhys[kk s a@rduhdh cqysfVuks a fganh@vaxz sth ¼44½ dk izdk'kufd;k x;k ¼C;kSjk v/;k; 21 esa fn;k x;k gS½A

7EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources(ICAR-NBPGR) continued its role of leadership for themanagement of plant genetic resources in the country.Several significant achievements were made during theyear 2015 in plant exploration and collection ofgermplasm; germplasm introduction, plant quarantineinspection, treatment and release of germplasm;characterization, evaluation, identification of promisingaccessions and maintenance; ex situ conservation ofaccessions in the National Genebank and DNAFingerprinting of crop cultivars, and are summarizedhereunder.

PLANT EXPLORATION AND COLLECTION OFGERMPLASM

A total of 32 explorations were undertaken across thecountry wherein 1656 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops, wild relatives of crops and othereconomic plants were collected. Of these, 491 accessionswere collected by ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters, NewDelhi through 13 explorations from parts of AndhraPradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir,Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and WestBengal. Geo-referencing, diversity mapping and gapanalysis was done in rice germplasm. Biosystematicstudies were undertaken on Trichosanthes, Allium,leafy amarnath and Luffa. A total of 371 herbariumspecimens, seven seed samples and eight economicproducts were processed and added to the NationalHerbarium of Cultivated Plants (NHCP). Work relatedto germplasm collection by NBPGR Regional Stations/Base Centre during various explorations is summarizedhereunder.

Akola:Two exploration programmes were undertakenand a total of 235 accessions were collected. Collectionincludes targeted species of millets, small millets andtheir wild relatives from Dhule and Nandurbar districtsof Maharashtra and Asiatic Vigna, wild relativesof Cajanus and Mucuna from southern Gujarat andadjoining areas.

Bhowali: Six crop specific explorations under NationalExploration Programme (3) and externally fundedprojects (3) were undertaken and 127 accessions werecollected comprising of oilseeds (35), Alliums (28), fruits

(26) and M&AP (38) from remote areas of Jammu &Kashmir and Uttarakhand.

Cuttack: Three explorations were undertaken and 123accessions comprising Porteresiacoa rctata, cultivatedrice, wild relatives of Cucumis and Abelmoschus werecollected from Odisha and West Bengal. Significantgermplasm collections were collected for salt tolerantrice germplasm like Rahaspanjar, Nonabokra, LunaBakhada, Lunapateni, Bhaluki, rare germplasmcollections such as Abelmoschus angulosus andNicandra physalodes.

Hyderabad: Two collaborative explorations wereundertaken and 196 accessions of diversity in variousagri-horticultural crops and their wild relatives werecollected.

Jodhpur: One exploration trip, in the area of Luni andOsean blocks of Jodhpur district was conducted and 2accessions of wild mustard (4), wheat (3), bajra (6),cowpea (3), clusterbean (3), mothbean (4) and methi(1) were collected.

Ranchi: Two exploration and collection programmeswere conducted in East & West Singhbhum andSaraikela Kharsanwa districts of Jharkhand and inRaigarh, Balod, Rajnandgoan, Kanker, Narayanpur andKandagoan districts of Chhattisgarh and a total of 84germplasm samples comprising pigeonpea (24) rice (48)and fingermillet (12) were collected.

Shimla: One germplasm exploration was conducted inLahual & Spiti and Kinnaur districts of HimachalPradesh. A total of 73 accessions behmi (1), Cicermicrophyllum (27), linseed (5), Hordeum vulgare (1),Allium carolinianum (1), wild apricot (21) and wildTriticeae (17) were collected.

Srinagar: Twenty-eight germplasm accessions of seedspices including naturally growing Bunium persicum andCarum carvi were collected from different parts ofJammu and Kashmir in collaboration with NRC (SS)Ajmer.

The station has also collaborated in exploration andgermplasm collection programme of wild Triticeae andCicer in Kargil district of Ladakh.


Thrissur: A total of 371 samples of germplasm werecollected in three exploration and collection missions,carried out in Nagaland, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.

EXCHANGE OF GERMPLASM

Introduction of germplasm: A total of 48,841accessions (1,25,946 samples) were imported whichincluded 40,796 accessions (47,047 samples) ofgermplasm and 8,045 entries (78,899 samples) of CGIARnurseries for trials.

Promising trait-specific germplasm introduced:

Hordeum vulgare (barley): Germplasm for yellow rustresistance (EC836449-836745) from Lebanon; wildspecies (EC804982- 988) from UK.

Oryza sativa (paddy): New sources of resistance tobiotic stresses derived from wild species introgressionlines (EC801659- 729) from Philippines; resistant to blast(EC803403-440) from Philippines; breeding lines withhigh zinc content (EC804017-356) from Philippines;tolerant to shattering, stress and with good grain quality(EC804559-838) from China; breeding lines for droughttolerance (EC807584–816) from Philippines; resistantto bacterial leaf blight and blast (EC812972-993) fromIndonesia; drought tolerant varieties (EC814672-816)from Nepal; resistant to bacterial leaf blight and blast(EC830646-897) from Indonesia.

Triticum aestivum (wheat): Genetic stocks for analysisof pathotypes in rusts, powdery mildew pathogen, stemrust, brown/leaf rust, yellow rust genes from differentwild species of wheat and improved varieties(EC799617- 754) from CIMMYT, Mexico; wild species(EC804989- 990) from UK; Mexican core set(EC831784-948) from CIMMYT, Mexico; Iranian coreset (EC832949-193) from CIMMYT, Mexico; heattolerant line (EC836759) from Mexico.

Zea mays (maize): New CIMMYT lines (CMLs)adapted to tropical/subtropical maize productionenvironments with traits such as resistance to commonmid altitude foliar diseases, Maize streak virus (MSV),Turcicum leaf blight (TLB), Gray leaf spot (GLS),Phaeosphaeria leaf spot (PLS), ear rot and commonrust, spotted stem borer (Chilo partellus) and Africanstem borer (Busseola fusca); white grained, excellentcombining ability under low nitrogen and droughtconditions (EC803523-540) from Mexico; core collection(EC808940-969) from Switzerland.

Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet): Genetic malesterile (ms3) stock NM-10H (EC802313) from USA.

Helianthus annuus (sunflower): Male fertility restorerand resistant to sunflower rust (EC816178) from USA.

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato): lines resistant toTomato yellow leaf curl virus, bacterial wilt andfusarium wilt, oblong fruit and jointless pedicel(EC798219-220) early maturing, heat tolerant(EC802554-562) and cultivars tolerant to heat, gray leafspot, fusarium wilt (EC804955-958) from Taiwan.

Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd): resistant topowdery mildew, fusarium wilt and anthracnose(EC800995-998) from USA.

Citrullus lanatus (water melon): resistant to budnecrosis virus (EC800999-022) from USA.

Cucumis melo (musk melon): resistant to powderymildew, fusarium wilt, anthracnose (EC802405-415)from USA.

Vasconcellea spp. (wild papaya): wild germplasmhaving Papaya ringspot virus resistance gene(EC815412, EC816070- 071) from Australia.

Gossypium hirsutum (cotton): American uplandgermplasm lines (EC801556-801658) from USA; tufted-naked upland mutant line (EC807817) from USA.

Solanum tuberosum (potato): germplasm with high drymatter and resistance to late blight (EC806225-238) fromGermany; tolerant to early blight, bruising, cracking, lateblight and Pythium leak (EC807941-952) from USA.

Theobroma cacao (cocoa): vascular streak diebackresistant and black pod resistant (EC809272-283) fromUK.

Export of Germplasm: Facilitated supply of FAOdesignated accessions (163 samples) of ICRISATmandated crops and 3,142 samples of CIMMYT maizetrials (exotic origin) to different countries through RS,Hyderabad.

National Supply: A total of 12,192 samples of differentcrops were supplied to national users for utilization invarious crop improvement programmes in the countrybased on requests received from research workers underMaterial Transfer Agreement (MTA). In addition, a totalof 84,195 samples were supplied for regeneration/multiplication/ morphological characterization/

9EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

preliminary evaluation/ taxonomic identification/ DNAfingerprinting/ viability testing.

QUARANTINE OF GERMPLASM

At New Delhi, A total of 1,19,025 samples of importedgermplasm accessions including trial entries of variouscrops and their wild relatives were processed forquarantine clearance. The infested/ infected samples(2,182) - comprised of insects (440), nematodes (248),fungi/ bacteria (431), viruses (94) and weeds (969)including several exotic pests. Of the 2,182 infested/infected/ contaminated samples, 2,019 were salvagedthrough physico-chemical methods viz., fumigation, hotwater treatment (HWT), X-ray radiography, pesticidaltreatment, mechanical cleaning and growing-on test. Onehundred and sixty-three samples could not be salvagedand were rejected. A total of 58 samples were rejected.A total of 181 samples were processed for export ofwhich 96 infected samples were salvaged and sevenPhytosanitary Certificates were issued. Quarantineprocessing of 641 samples of imported transgenicplanting material revealed, fungal infection in maize andcotton; viruses in maize; absence of terminator gene wasensured and all samples were salvaged prior to release.A total of 18,860 samples were received from theDivision of Germplasm Conservation for seed healthtesting of which 1,262 samples were found infected/infested with different pests. A total of 3,789 sampleswere subjected to X-ray radiography and 125 sampleswere rejected as they could not be salvaged. A total of128 samples were found infected with nematodes. Inaddition, 118 cryo-preserved samples were received fromTCCU for seed health testing of which 14 samples werefound infected with different fungi and all were salvaged.

At Hyderabad: A total of 42,885 samples (25,508imports; 17,377 exports) were processed for quarantineclearance. Pathogens/pests of quarantine importanceintercepted included Pestalotia sp. and Rhizoctoniabataticola (Maize-Philippines), Lasiodiplodia sp. andStenocarpella maydis (Maize-USA), Alternariahelianthi (sunflower-Argentina); Plasmopara halstedii(sunflower-USA); Colletotrichum graminicola(sorghum-Mali); Sporisorium cruentum (sorghum-Niger); Peronospora manshurica (soybean- CostaRica and USA); Peronospora parasitica (cabbage-USA); Pseudoperonospora cubensis andChoanephora sp. on bittergourd from Thailand;Alternaria brassicicola on Brassica rapa from UK;Sitophilus zeamais and Rhyzopertha dominica (Maize-

Thailand); Cryptolestes ferrugineus (sunflower-Mali).Import samples (14,507) infested/ infected with pestswere salvaged and released (26,760) to consignees.Quarantine services were extended to 45 organizationsin South India. Post-entry quarantine inspection wasconducted on 4,909 samples of different crops grown atPEQIA of ICRISAT (744), ICRISAT glasshouse (396),private industry (3091) and NBPGR greenhouse (678).

GERMPLASM CHARACTERIZATION,EVALUATION AND MULTIPLICATION

During the period, 9,473 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops were grown at New Delhi forcharacterization, evaluation, regeneration andmultiplication. Under biotic stresses, okra (725accessions), black gram (327 accessions) and 504accessions of brinjal were raised for preliminaryscreening and 90 accessions comprising rapeseed-mustard (18), tomato (54) and brinjal (18) wereevaluated under advanced screening against major bioticstresses. In addition, 916 accessions of various cropswere evaluated for their host status to root-knotnematode under pot culture.

Under abiotic stresses, 107 accessions comprising ofwheat (36), maize (32) and chickpea (39) were evaluatedfor drought tolerance.Under biochemical evaluation,1,803 accessions of different crops namely rapeseed-mustard (1,225), linseed (200), wheat (200), maize (38),chickpea (734) and chenopods (10) were analyzed forquality parameters. Under phyto-chemical evaluation,83 samples of different medicinal and aromatic plantswere analyzed for their active compounds. UnderNICRA project, a reference set of 348 wheat accessionsfor terminal heat tolerance has been grown under latesown conditions for identification of donors. Under CRPon Agro-biodiversity component- II, a total of 5,964accessions comprising of rice (1,000), wheat (1,483),finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea(736) and okra (745), were evaluated at AICRP centres/hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses.Two germplasm field days on Rabi oilseeds, pulses andpotential crops and wheat and barley were organized tofacilitate germplasm utilization. A total of 2,014accessions of various crops were supplied to 56indenters for their use in crop improvement and 5,480accessions comprising of wheat (1,485), rice (1,000),rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (250), okra (745)and finger millet (1,000) were supplied to variouscooperating centres for detailed evaluation under CRP.


The details of germplasm characterized and evaluatedat the various Regional Stations are as follows:

Akola:A total of 528 accessions were characterizedcomprising 251 accessions during Rabi 2014-15 and 277accessions of during Kharif 2015. Crop-wise accessionsincludes grain amaranth (65), linseed (113) and safflower(62), DUS project Grain amaranth (11) during Rabi2014-15 and sesame (97), foxtail millet (60),Abelmoschus tuberculatus (58) and horse gram (62)during Kharif 2015.

Cuttack: A set of 1,167 accessions comprising cultivatedrice (852), blackgram (25), greengram (25), millets (32),wild Oryza species (132), Ocimum spp. (69), Mucunapruriens (21), Hibiscus sabdariffa (11) werecharacterized and promising genotypes were identifiedfor different agro-morphological traits. A set of 136accessions of cultivated rice was evaluated forsubmergence/ deep water/ salinity tolerance andpromising genotypes were identified.

Hyderabad: A total of 771 accessions including greengram (84), horse gram (140), foxtail millet (168),amaranths (60), field bean (26) small millets (128),pillipesara (30), chilli (81), maize (33), sorghum (10),black gram (4) and green gram (7) were characterizedand evaluated using randomised block design/augmentedblock design along with appropriate check varietiesduring Kharif.

Jodhpur: During Rabi 2014-15, a set of 495 accessionsof wheat (for terminal heat tolerance), Brassica (82),and fenugreek (165) were evaluated. During summer2015 accessions of guar (290), mungbean (124), mothbean (127) and cowpea (155 ) have been evaluated forthe traits of agronomical importance. Two accessionsof mothbean IC36786 and IC37822 have beenreconfirmed for their inbuilt resistance to Crinkle virusdisease under field conditions. During Kharif 2015, 3,178accessions of different crops including cluster bean (872),mungbean (355), mothbean (328), cowpea (497), sesame(220), pearl millet (823), finger millet (41) and little millet(29) have been evaluated. A breeding line of cowpeathat matures in 45 days has been developed followingsingle plant selection.

Ranchi: During Kharif 2014-15, a set of 151 accessionsof pigeonpea was multiplied and characterized and eliteaccessions were identified. During Kharif 2015-16, atotal of 125 accessions of pigeonpea (67), paddy (23),

finger-millet (17) and ricebean were evaluated andmultiplied. In fruit crops, a total of 300 accessionsincluding jackfruit (109), bael (137), jamun (43) andsanjan (11) were characterized for some fruit relatedcharacters and superior accessions were identified.

Shillong: A total of 1,055 accessions of agri-horticulturalcrop germplasm have been characterized during Kharif-2015 for agro-morphological traits. A set of 235 maizeaccessions was collected from Mizoram and has beenphenotypically characterized and evaluated for reactionto Turcicum leaf blight.

Shimla: A total of 1,874 germplasm accessions weregrown during the year for characterization, evaluationand multiplication. Wide range of genetic variability wasrecorded for different traits.

Srinagar: A total of 428 germplasm accessionscomprising of wheat (200), barley (100), rapeseedmustard (76) and linseed (52) were evaluated for theirmorpho-agronomic characters as per the minimaldescriptors during Rabi 2014-15 under rainfed conditionsof Himalayas and promising/superior genotypes fordifferent traits in each of these crops were identified.

Thrissur: During Rabi 2014-15, 72 accessions of brinjal,61 of wild bitter gourd, 16 of snake gourd and 13 of ivygourd were characterised/evaluated. During Kharif2015, 207 accessions of rice, 40 of yard-long bean, 15of Trichosanthes cucumerina, 22 of pumpkin, 31 ofkokum and seven of okra synthetic amphidiploids werecharacterised/ evaluated.

GENOMIC RESOURCES

Eighty-five registered samples and 145 accessions ofmaize comprising of inbreds, hybrids and compositeswere fingerprinted with thirty-two and thirty SSRs,respectively. Further, 122 samples of arecanut, chickpea,cotton, faba bean, horsegram, mustard, oats, onion, pearlmillet, pineapple, rice, sorghum, taramira, urd bean andwheat were DNA fingerprinted. A total of 729 samplesincluding hybrid varieties, aromatic rice, abiotic stresstolerant and early maturing rice varieties were profiledwith thirty six hyper variable SSR markers. A total of 39morphologically diverse accessions of Andrographispaniculata were characterized with 22 SCoT and 19CBDP primers. A rice mini-core germplasm set (194accessions) for North-Eastern region of India wasdeveloped using 50K SNP chip. All India rice core (789)

11EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

developed based on morphological markers wascharacterized with four SSR markers. Twenty-eightpromising accessions of wheat were characterized using18 morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits and26 SSR markers. In all 36 accessions belonging to fourspecies of Luffa were analyzed with five barcoding loci.a total of 659 bottle gourd EST-SSRs were transferredto sponge and ridge gourd. a total of 58,865 unigenesand 8,934 putative simple sequence repeats (SSRs) wereidentified in sponge gourd, 2,592 SSRs in bottle gourdassembled transcriptome, 7,677 of microsatellitecontaining regions identified in bitter gourd. QTLs fornumber of seeds per 10 spikes, thousand grain weightand seed weight per 10 spikes were identified on 6Achromosome of wheat. Nineteen salt responsivecandidate gene based SSR (cgSSR) markers werevalidated in rice. Genome-wide 129 novel miRNA-basedmicrosatellite markers were developed in rice (Oryzasativa) for genotyping applications. Sixty nine NBS-LRRgenes were identified from bottle gourd transcriptome.Database was developed on genetic and genomicresources information of Vigna and Phaseolus species.Microsatellite database was developed formedicinal Plants (Tinospora cordifolia andAndrographis paniculata). A total of 350 genomicresources were deposited in the National GenomicResources Repository.

Crop-specific GMO matrices of 199 GM events,comprising 143 GM maize events with 75 geneticelements and 56 cotton events with 44 genetic elementswere developed. Visual LAMP assays targetingthree marker genes, phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase (pat), phosphomannose isomerase(pmi), and red fluorescent protein (ds-Red2) weredeveloped. Adventitious presence of transgenes wasmonitored in ex-situ collections, comprising 65accessions of brinjal, 50 accessions of cotton, 50accessions of okra conserved in the National Genebankusing PCR/real-time PCR assays targeting CaMV35promoter and nosterminator. Two hundred andseven (207) accessions of imported transgeniclines of Arabidopsis thaliana (16), Eucalyptuscamaldulensis (79), Glycine max (1), Gossypium spp.(20), Manihot esculenta (50) and Zea mays (41) weretested for the absence of terminator technology.

GERMPLASM CONSERVATION

A total of 30,912 accessions of germplasm includingvarieties to be notified and released and trait-specific

registered germplasm of various crops were receivedfor long-term conservation in the National Genebank.These were processed following the genebank standards,adding another 11,581 accessions of different agri-horticultural crops to the base collection raising the totalgermplasm holding to 4,19,312. Of the conservedaccessions, a total of 6,551 were new and 5,030accessions were received after regeneration. Monitoringof germination and seed quantity in stored germplasm(12,303 accessions) and distribution (59,043) forevaluation/regeneration/research/characterization werethe other priority activities. The germplasm suppliedincludes those sent for multiplication and characterization(39,783) under the Consortium Research Project onAgrobiodiversity (CRP-AB). Supportive researchdirected towards understanding and manipulation offactors that prolong the storage life of seeds in a cost-effective manner and overcoming seed germinationproblems continued. Seeds of 19 crops belonging todifferent crop groups and conditioned to ~7% moisturewere monitored after three years of storage at fourstorage regimes viz. long-term storage module (at -180C),inside the storage chamber at Chang La, outside thechamber and at Defence Institute of High AltitudeResearch (DIHAR), Leh. Analysis of the data ongermination indicated that storability of seeds storedinside the Chang La module was at par with the longterm storage conditions in the National Genebank.Studies on seed dormancy breaking of Melochiacorchorifolia and wild rice viz. Oryza nivara and Oryzarufipogon were carried out. Hot water treatment at700C for 10 min. for Melochia corchorifolia and co-application of GA

3 to deglumed seeds of Oryza nivara

and Oryza rufipogon were found to be the mosteffective treatments. Employing the in-house developedR package PGRdup, probable duplicate sets ofaccessions were identified on the basis of passport dataof groundnut and rice collections at ICAR-NBPGR aswell as other major global collections.

In vitro/ Tissue Culture Conservation: During theyear, a total of 1,900 accessions belonging to fruit crops,bulb and tuber crops, medicinal, aromatic and rare/endangered plants, spices, plantation and industrial crops,and others were conserved as in vitro cultures, underculture room conditions (25±20C; 16/8h) and/or at lowtemperature (40C). The average subculture durationranged from 2-24 months, depending on the species/genotype. In Piper betel and P. nigrum cv. Subhakara,subculture duration could be extended to 24 weeksfollowing manipulation of basal medium along with lower


concentration of BAP. Cryopreservation experimentsusing vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration or dropletvitrification technique led to varying degree of pre-and/or post-freezing success in Allium spp., Curcuma longa,Dahlia cv., Dioscorea bulbifera, Rauvolfiaserpentina and Vaccinium ovatum.

Cryopreservation:A total of 23 accessions comprisingAllium spp. (9 accessions), Musa sp. (10 accessions),Rubus hybrid (one accessions) and Vaccinium spp.(three accessions) were cryostored as shoot tips ormeristems. A total of 537 accessions comprising fruits,spices, industrial crops, millets, vegetables, medicinalcrops, legumes and cereals were cryostored as seeds,embryonic axes along with genomic resources duringthe year, totaling 11,624 accessions in the cryogenebank.Periodic testing for viability of more than 200 accessionsof orthodox and non-orthodox seeds and 40 accessionsof underutilized fruit species revealed retention oforiginal viability in most of the accessions, after 4-10years of cryostorage.

OTHER ACTIVITIES

• Meetings of the Institute Management Committee,Research Advisory Committee and InstituteResearch Council were held timely to review theprogress of work related to PGR management andplanning strategies for strengthening various activitiesand infrastructure/ facilities to achieve the targets.

• The scientists, research associates, technical andadministrative staff from the Headquarters and itsRegional Stations/ Centres participated in a numberof seminars, symposia, conferences, workshops,trainings and summer schools to exchange ideas andupgrade their skills. Ten scientists were sent abroadto participate in foreign meetings. Details of theseparticipations are given in Chapter 21 on GeneralInformation.

• Several distinguished scientists, administrators, policymakers, farmers and students visited the NationalGenebank, DNA Fingerprinting labs, PlantQuarantine glasshouses, National Containmentfacility (CL-4 level) and Tissue Culture labs at theHeadquarters and field genebanks at Issapur, Akola,Bhowali, Cuttack, Hyderabad, Jodhpur, Ranchi,Shillong, Shimla and Thrissur.

• Symposia/ Workshops/ Trainings/Brainstorming sessions Organized by ICAR-NBPGR:

International Conference on Low TemperatureScience and Biotechnological Advances at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi from April 27-30, 2015.

Short Course on Crop Wild Relatives: Identification,Collecting and Utilization at ICAR-NBPGR, NewDelhi from August 19-28, 2015.

Training programme and workshop on basil ICAR-NBPGR, Bhowali on September 4, 2015.

Workshop on CRP on Agro-biodiversity at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi on October 14, 2015.

International Training Programme on DNA-BasedGenetically Modified Organism (GMO) Detectionfor Seed Testing and Certification at ICAR-NBPGR,New Delhi from November 30-December 12, 2015.

Four training workshops each of two days durationfor the Customs Officials were organized jointly byICAR-NBPGR, National Academy of Customs,Excise and Narcotics (NACEN) and MoEFCC atNACEN, Faridabad (October 26-27, 2015);Regional Training Institute (RTI), NACEN, Chennai(November 16-17, 2015); RTI, NACEN, Mumbai(November 19-20, 2015) and RTI, NACEN, Kolkata(November 26-27, 2015).

Two training workshops each of three days durationfor the Plant Quarantine Officials were organizedjointly by ICAR-NBPGR and MoEFCC onDecember 8-10, 2015 and December 16-18, 2015at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi.

• Field Days Organized: Five Germplasm FieldDays on Rabi oilseeds, pulses, potential crops; wheat,barley and Triticale, oat and vegetable crops(cabbage, okra, cucurbits) were organized topromote germplasm utilization by the plant breeders/research workers. Besides, NBPGR and itsRegional Stations participated in several farmers’fairs and a public outreach sessions to boostawareness on importance and use of PGR.

13EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• Germplasm Registered: A total of 64 proposals(out of 176 received) belonging to 32 species wereapproved for registration and conserved.

• Publications: ICAR-NBPGR Annual Report andquarterly Newsletter were published and distributedto all concerned engaged in PGR management.Besides, research papers (143) on various subjects

were published in national and international journals;book chapters/ review articles (28) in various editedbooks/ authored books (4); manuals/ annual review/teaching aids (3); plant germplasm reporter (1);research bulletins (7); e-publications (30) and populartechnical articles/ technical bulletins in Hindi/ English(44) were published by the scientists of the ICAR-NBPGR (details are given in chapter 21).


INTRODUCTION

The ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources,ICAR-NBPGR was established by the Indian Councilof Agricultural Research (ICAR) in 1976 with itsheadquarters at New Delhi. Being the nodalorganization in India it has been given the nationalmandate to plan, conduct, promote and coordinate allactivities concerning plant exploration andcollection,characterization and also for safe conservationand distribution of both indigenous and introduced geneticvariability in crop plants and their wild relatives. TheBureau is also vested with the authority to issue ImportPermit and Phytosanitary Certificate and conductquarantine checks on all seed materials and plantpropagules (including transgenic material) introducedfrom abroad or exported for research purpose.

Besides having a 40 hectare experimental farm at Issapurvillage (about 45 km west of Delhi), the Bureau also hasa network of 10 Regional Stations/Base Centres toprovide access to PGR of different agro-ecologicalconditions of the country. It has strong linkages withleading crop-based Institutes, National Research Centres,All India Coordinated Crop Improvement Projects, StateAgricultural Universities and other stakeholders. ICAR-NBPGR also works in close collaboration with severalinternational institutes/organizations through memorandaof understanding/and workplans developed underbilateral/multilateral agreements. The Bureau not onlyprovides genetic resources to on-going crop improvementprogrammes to sustain continued advances in agriculturalproductivity and stabilize production, but also conservesthem safely to meet needs of future generations.

ICAR- NBPGR: Mandate and Objectives

Mandate

To act as nodal institute at national level for acquisition and management of indigenous and exotic plant geneticresources (PGR) for food and agriculture, and to carry out related research and human resource development forsustainable growth of agriculture.

Objectives

1. To plan, organize, conduct and coordinate exploration and collection of desired indigenous and exoticPGR.

2. To undertake introduction, exchange and quarantine for augmenting PGR.

3. To characterize, evaluate, document and conserve crop genetic resources and promote their use incollaboration with other national organizations.

4. To develop genomic resources and tools, to discover and validate the function of genes of importance toagriculture and to develop bioinformatics tools for enhanced utilization of genomic resources.

5. To develop information network for effective utilization of PGR.

6. To conduct research, undertake teaching and training, develop policy guidelines and create public awarenesson PGR.

7. To promote use of PGR for sustainable agriculture at international level.

Organizational Set-up

The Director, ICAR-NBPGR is overall in-charge of administration, research management and coordination. TheInstitute Management Committee, Research Advisory Committee, Crop Advisory Committees and the Institute

15INTRODUCTION

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Fig 2. NBPGR Network in India

Research Council play important roles in PGRmanagement. The Bureau functions through its five mainDivisions, namely i) Plant Exploration and GermplasmCollection, ii) Plant Quarantine, iii) Germplasm Evaluation,iv) Germplasm Conservation and v) Genomic Resources.The Bureau has units of Germplasm Exchange (GEx),Tissue Culture and Cryopreservation (TCCU), PGRPolicy (PPU), Agricultural Knowledge Management(AKMU) and Institute Technology Management(ITMU). A principal scientist heads each Division/Unit.

Other centralized services include units of Administrationand Management, Purchase, Stores, Maintenance, Auditand Accounts, Security and Library. Regional Stations/Base Centres, headed by a principal scientist/seniorscientist, are located at Akola, Bhowali, Cuttack,Hyderabad, Jodhpur, Ranchi, Shillong, Shimla, Srinagarand Thrissur. It also houses an All India CoordinatedResearch Network Project on Potential Crops. The totalsanctioned staff strength is 314 comprising 110 scientific,79 technical, 50 administrative and 76 supporting staff.

National Genebank

The Indian National Genebank was established by theCouncil at ICAR-NBPGR to conserve national heritageof germplasm collections in the form of seeds, vegetativepropagules, tissue/cell cultures, embryos, gametes, etc.

Based on experiences gained from working with a built-in cold storage vault obtained from UK in 1983, fourmodules (two units of 100 m3 and two of 176 m3

capacity) were installed for long-term storage of seedsof orthodox species which were kept in laminatedaluminium foils at -180C after drying them to 5-7%moisture content. Stand-by diesel generator backs upthe electricity supply. Vegetatively propagated clonalmaterials and recalcitrant seeds species are beingmaintained under field conditions backed up by tissueculture repositories. The Bureau has a strong programmeon in vitro conservation and cryopreservation.

The National Genebank facility commissioned in 1997has 13 modules, each with a storage capacity of 50,000to 76,000 samples depending upon the size of seeds.One of these modules is used for medium term storageof active germplasm collections and the rest for long-term storage. Its cryopreservation facility contains sixliquid nitrogen tanks (cryo-tanks), each containing 1000litres of liquid nitrogen. These six cryo-tanks have a totalcapacity to store 0.25 million samples. Thus, the NationalGenebank has a total capacity to store 0.85 to 1.25 millionsamples. This is one of the most modern genebanks inthe world.

Indian National Plant Genetic ResourcesSystem (INPGRS)

NBPGR is gradually developing and strengthening thenational plant genetic resources system by linking upthe National Base Collection (kept under long-termstorage at ICAR-NBPGR) with 57 National ActiveGermplasm Sites (NAGS) responsible for different cropswhere germplasm collections are evaluated andmultiplied under field conditions, backed up by medium-term storage facilities. In addition, there are 64 maincentres and 27 87 sub centers along with the designatedNAGS for management of PGR. The ResearchAdvisory Committee and Germplasm AdvisoryCommittees for different crops advise the Bureauregarding improving the capability, awrded andeffectiveness of its services.

All India Coordinated Research Network onPotential Crops

In view of the importance of underutilized crops, thework on their collection, introduction, evaluation andutilization was initiated by Indian Agricultural ResearchInstitute, New Delhi during late 70’s and the activity

17INTRODUCTION

was later extended to some other research centres inthe country. In order to strengthen and harmonize thescientific efforts on improvement and utilization of thesecrops, an All India Coordinated Research Project onUnderutilized and Under exploited Plants was establishedin 1982 during VI Five Year Plan with its Headquartersat the ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. During the X FiveYear Plan, this project was brought into a network modeand was renamed as All India Coordinated ResearchNetwork on Underutilized Crops (AICRNUC). Further,during the XII Plan it was re-named as All IndiaCoordinated Research Network on Potential Crops(AICRNPC).The objectives of the AICRNPC are toexplore and domesticate new plant sources of food,fodder, fuel, fibre, energy and industrial uses; to collect/introduce and characterize available germplasm and itswild relatives; to identify superior genotypes of thesenew plants and to develop improved varieties for differentagro-climatic regions. Until XI Plan, the network wasworking at 14 SAU centres, six cooperating centres ofICAR-NBPGR Regional Stations and three VoluntaryCenters covering research activities on 17 plant species.In the XII Plan, a new centre UBKV, Cooch Behar(West Bengal) was added for providing necessarytechnical backstopping for important crops in NorthBengal such as rice bean and buckwheat. Also, sevennew voluntary centres were added such as ICARResearch Complex for NEH Region, Shillong along withits six centres located in six states (Sikkim, ArunachalPradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura and Mizoram).

International Collaboration

NBPGR implements work plans developed under MoUbetween ICAR and Bioversity International. FAO andBioversity International also sponsor regional trainingcourses on conservation and utilization of geneticresources of local crops of agricultural importance inSouth Asia and adjoining regions to be conducted byICAR-NBPGR.

Besides working closely with Bioversity International,ICAR-NBPGR also collaborates actively with theInternational Agricultural Research Centers (IARCs) likeICRISAT, IRRI, ICARDA and CIMMYT. It has

exchanged plant germplasm with more than 80 countriesand implements work plans developed under bilateral,regional and international agreements.

Training Programmes and Information Services

The Bureau organizes advanced training programmesfocusing on scientific procedures for collection,exchange, quarantine/ biosecurity, biosafety,bioinformatics, DNA fingerprinting, evaluation,documentation and conservation linked to the use of plantgenetic resources. Major accomplishments of its staffare published in Annual Reports. ICAR-NBPGRNewsletter is brought out quarterly. Crop Cataloguesbased on computerized data are also developed andpublished. Bureau’s library at Headquarters is specializedin information dealing with plant genetic resources andsubscribes to various foreign and national journalsparticularly related to PGR.

Post-graduate Teaching Programme

Since academic session 1997, Bureau has beenundertaking post-graduate teaching in plant geneticresources leading to M.Sc. degree affiliated to PostGraduate School, IARI, New Delhi. From the academicsession 2004-2005, Ph.D. degree programme has alsobeen started in collaboration with the Post GraduateSchool, IARI, New Delhi. During the year four M.Sc.and one Ph.D. students were awarded degrees.

Extension Services for PGR Awareness

Bureau organizes Kisan Diwas/field days for Rabi andKharif crops and distributes seeds/planting materialalong with relevant literature on technical know-how forraising crops and management of PGR. Special emphasisis given to create PGR awareness among grassroot levelworkers, tribal people, and farmers (particularly women)by organizing biodiversity fairs in villages. Students oneducational tours from State Agricultural Universitiesare encouraged to visit the National Genebank, DNAfingerprinting tissue culture quarantine labs, plantquarantine glasshouses/containment facilities etc. locatedin the main campus at New Delhi.


Funds allocated and expenditure incurred during the financial year 2015-16(Rs. In lakhs)

Non-Plan 2015-16

Non- Recurring Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure

Works 0.00 0.00 0.00Equipment 8.00 4.30 3.16Library Books & Journals 2.00 0.00 0.00Furniture & Fixtures 2.00 1.30 0.94

Total (A) 12.00 5.60 4.10

Recurring

Pay & Allowances 3225.75 3023.15 3022.13Overtime Allowance 0.25 0.25 0.19Pension 900.00 2070.00 2069.48TA 15.00 15.00 13.79Research & Operational Expenses 90.00 110.00 84.59Administrative Expenses 651.00 878.00 843.58HRD 1.00 1.00 1.00

Total (B) 4883.00 6097.40 6034.76

Grand Total 4895.00 6103.00 6038.86

Plan 2015-16

Non- Recurring Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure

Works 200 68.10 68.04Equipment 1355.00 92.30 92.18Library Books & Journals 25.00 21.60 21.56Furniture & Fixtures 0.00 0.00 0.00

Total (A) 1580.00 182.00 181.78

Recurring

Pay & Allowances 0.00 0.00 0TA 8.00 7.73 7.73Research & Operational Expenses 650.00 593.61 593.61Administrative Expenses 100.00 136.90 136.89HRD 7.00 2.52 2.52

Total(B) 765.00 740.76 740.75

Total (A+B) 2345.00 922.76 922.53

NEHTSP 55.00 32.76 18.43

Grand Total 2400.00 955.52 940.96

AICRN-PC 2015-16

Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure

AICRN TSP 10.00 10.00 10.00Grant in Salaries 350.00 231.00 231.00Grant in General 36.00 57.00 57.00

Total 396.00 298.00 298.00

CRP on AB 2015-16

Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure

Grant in Capital 26.00 26.00 25.99Grant in Salaries 618.50 618.50 618.50Grant in General 71.50 71.50 71.50

Total 716.00 716.00 715.99

19DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION AND GERMPLASM COLLECTION

1.1 Plant Exploration and GermplasmCollection

In the reporting period 32 explorations were undertakenand 1,656 accessions of different agri-horticultural cropscomprising 892 accessions of cultivated and 764 of wildspecies (46%) were collected from parts of 16 statesviz. Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Daman & Diu,Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir,Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Nagaland,Odisha, Rajasthan, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh,Uttarakhand and West Bengal. Emphasis was laid mainly

on collection of germplasm of vegetables, pulses, fibres,seed spices, citrus, crop wild relatives, etc. from variousdiversity-rich areas involving sixteen ICAR crop-basedInstitutes/ Centres/ SAUs as collaborators. A total of965 collected accessions were sent to germplasmhandling unit for processing for conservation, whileremaining accessions are in field for establishment atNational Active Germplasm Sites and multiplication.Details of explorations undertaken by NBPGR and itsstations/centres (Table 1.1) and germplasm collected aregiven below (Tables 1.2).

Headquarters/ Explorations Germplasm collected

station/centre undertaken Cultivated Wild Total

Akola 2 212 23 235Bhowali 6 93 34 127Cuttack 3 44 79 123Hyderabad 1 12 112 124New Delhi 13 244 247 491Ranchi 2 84 - 84Shimla 1 - 73 73Srinagar 1 13 15 28Thrissur 3 190 181 371

Total 32 892 764 1,656

Table1.1: Explorations undertaken and germplasm collected

Summary: A total of 32 explorations were undertaken across the country wherein 1,656 accessions of various agri-horticulturalcrops, wild relatives of crops and other economic plants were collected. Of these, 491 accessions were collected by NBPGRHeadquarters, New Delhi through 13 explorations from parts of Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir,Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. Geo-referencing, diversity mapping and gap analysis wasdone in rice germplasm. Biosystematic studies were undertaken on Trichosanthes, Allium and Luffa. A total of 371 herbariumspecimens, seven seed samples and eight economic products were processed and added to the National Herbarium ofCultivated Plants (NHCP), New Delhi.

DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION ANDGERMPLASM COLLECTION 1

Table 1.2: Details of germplasm collected

Crop group (s) Crop/wild species (accessions) Accessions

Cereals Elymus cognatus (15), E. dahuricus (15), E. himalayanus (10), E. longearistatus (13), 297E. longearistatus subsp. canaliculatus (11), E. nutans (27), E. repens (4),E. schrenkianus (1), E. semicostatus (2), Hordeum bogdanii (1), H. brevisubulatum (2),H. vulgare (1), Hystrix duthiei (1), Leymus secalinus (12), Oryza nivara (4), O. sativa(138), Porteresia coarctata (10), Triticum aestivum (30), T. durum (10), Zea mays (1)

Pseudocereals Amaranthus hypochondriacus (1), A. hybridus (1), Chenopodium murale (3) 5

Millets and minor Echinochloa crus-galli (3), E. frumentacea (19), Eleusine coracana (27), Panicum 127millets miliaceum (7), Paspalum scrobiculatum (3), Pennisetum typhoides (6), Setaria italica (18),

S. verticillata (1), Sorghum vulgare (40), S. halepense (2), S. purpureo-sericeum (1)

Pulses Cajanus ablicans (2), C. cajan (27), C. scarabaeoides (10), Cicer arietinum (7), 258C. microphyllum (33), Lens culinaris (2), Macrotyloma uniflorum (1), Phaseolus lunatus (1),P. vulgaris (26), Rhynchosia minima (2), R. rothii (1), Vigna aconitifolia (5), V. dalzelliana (1),


V. hainiana (2), V. mungo (40), V. nepalensis (4), V.radiata (30), V. radiata var. sublobata (3),V. trilobata (5), V. umbellata (7), V. unguiculata (28), V. unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis(20), V. vexillata (1)

Oilseeds Brassica juncea (10), B. nigra (10), B. rapa var. yellow sarson (1), B. tournefortii (9), Eruca 90sativa (3), Glycine max (3), Lepidium apetalum (2), Linum perenne (5), Perilla frutescens var.frutescens (5), Ricinus communis (6), Sesamum indicum (4), S. malabaricum (29),S. mulayanum (1), S. radiatum (2)

Fibres and allied Corchorus aestuans (15), C. capsularis (1), C. fascicularis (16), C. olitorius (18), C. tridens 136species (23), C. trilocularis (29), C. urticifolius (8), Crotalaria striata (1), Crotalaria sp. (2), Hibiscus

aculeatus (1), H. ovalifolius (1), H. cannabinus (3), H. lunarifolius (1), H. sabdariffa (16),Sesbania sesban (1)

Fruits Capparis spinosa (1), Citrus aurantium (1), C. aurantifolia (12), C. grandis (1), C. jambhiri (1), 98C. limonia (3), C. maderaspatana (1), C. paradisi (1), C. sinensis (7), C. unshiu (1), Citrus sp.(2), Prunus armeniaca (21), P. mira (1), P. persica (12), Pyrus communis (14), Ziziphusnummularia (4), Z. rotundifolia (15)

Vegetables Abelmoschus angulosus var. purpureus (3), A. esculentus (6), A. caillei (5), A. moschatus 443(1), A. ficulneus (10), A. tetraphyllus (25), A. tetraphyllus var. pungens (15), A. tuberculatus(13), Allium carolinianum (3), A. cepa (5), A. cyathophorum (2), A. oreoprasum (2),A. przewalskianum (12), A. schoenoprasum (1), Allium sp.(4), Amaranthus dubius (1),A. spinosus (3), A. tristis (1), A. viridis (1), Benincasa hispida (12), Brassica juncea var.rugosa (6), Brassica rapa (10), Canavalia gladiata (2), C. virosa (2), Capsicum annuum(8), C. chinense (1), C. frutescens (1), Citrullus vulgaris (1), Coccinia grandis (3), Cucumiscallosus (4), C. sativus var. hardwickii (45), C. javanicus (2), C. maderaspatanus (5), C. melo(4), C. melo var. agrestis (20), C. sativus (14), Cucurbita ficifolia (1), C. moschata (10),Dioscorea alata (1), Gymnopetalum chinense (2), Herpetospermum operculatum (3),Lagenaria siceraria (4), Luffa acutangula (8), L. acutangula var. amara (1),L. hermaphrodita (2), L. cylindrica (6), L. echinata (1), L. graveolens (1), Momordicacharantia (17), M. charantia var. muricata (20), M. dioica (2), M. subangulata subsp.subangulata(8), M. subangulata subsp. renigera (5), Pisum arvense (6), Solanumaculeatissimum (3), S. aethiopicum (6), S. incanum (13), S. indicum (6), S. melongena (9),S. violaceum (1), S. muricatum (1), S. sisymbriifolium (1), S. spirale (1), S. viarum (3),S. virginianum (5), Solena heterophylla (1), Trichosanthes bracteata (14), T. cordata (1),T. cucumerina (26), T. dunniana (1)

Medicinal and Abrus precatorius (2), Acorus calamus (1), Bunium persicum (52), Bupleurum falcatum 192aromatic plants, (1), Carum carvi (21), Cinnamomum cecidodaphne (1), Cleome viscosa (1), Clitoria ternateaspices and (1), Coleus forskohlii (9), Coriandrum sativum (49), Foeniculum vulgare (1), Gloriosacondiments superba (2), Lepidium apetalum (2), Mucuna pruriens (4), Nicandra physalodes (1), Ocimum

basilicum (13), O. kilimandscharicum (1), O. tenuiflorum (5), O. viride (8), Solanum nigrum(6), S. torvum (1), S. trilobatum (1), Trachyspermum ammi (1), Trigonella foenum-graecum(4), Withania somnifera (3), Zanthoxylum rhetsa (1)

Other economic Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana (2), Astragalus munroi (1), Medicago monantha (1), 12species Melilotus indicus (6), Mucuna pruriens var. utilis (1), Vicia sativa (1)

Total 1,656

Fig 1.1. Germplasm collected in different crop-groups Fig 1.2. Cultivated vs. wild germplasm collected


1.2 Explorations Undertaken and GermplasmCollected by Headquarters

Thirteen explorations were undertaken in parts ofAndhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir,Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and WestBengal. A total of 491 accessions of different agri-horticultural crops were assembled. Details of areasexplored and germplasm collected are given in Table1.3.

Table 1.3: Explorations undertaken by NBPGR Headquarters during 2015

Diversity collected No. of accessions Collector(s); collaborator(s)

Cult. Wild Total

Explorations undertaken as per planned programme

Paddy landraces (Nadia, Hooghly, North 24 Parganas 37 3 40 DP Semwal, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR;districts of WB) BK Senapati, BCKV, Kalyani, WB

Multi-crop (Foothills and Terai belt of Uttarakhand) 16 26 42 Anjula Pandey, DP Semwal, Rita Gupta,ICAR-NBPGR

Multi-crop (National Capital Region) 1 25 26 Anjula Pandey and K Pradheep, ICAR- NBPGR

Brassica spp. (Drier parts of Rajasthan) 14 - 14 KC Bhatt, ICAR-NBPGR

Ber (Alwar district, Rajasthan) 14 - 14 NS Panwar, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR

Citrus spp. (Nellore, Kadapa, Chitoor districts of AP) 30 - 30 SK Malik, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR;V Ramana, M Laxmi, CRS, Tirupati

Seed spices (Kinnaur, Lahaul-Spiti districts of HP) 67 1 68 SK Yadav, ICAR-NBPGR; RK Kakani,NRC Seed Spices, Ajmer

Seed spices (Leh and Kargil districts of J&K) 20 21 41 SP Ahlawat, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR;RS Meena, NRC Seed Spices, Ajmer

Wild Triticeae (Kargil district of J&K) - 96 96 K Pradheep, Sheikh M Sultan, ICAR-NBPGR

Wild cucurbits (Visakhapatnam, East and West Godavari 10 39 49 K Pradheep, Babu Abraham, ICAR-NBPGRdistricts of AP)

Wild pulses (Foothills of Uttarakhand and adjoining - 22 22 KC Bhatt, PS Mehta, ICAR-NBPGR; Tareas of UP) Basavaraja, ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur

Explorations under externally funded projects

Drought tolerant wheat (Central Madhya Pradesh) 27 - 27 DP Semwal, OP Dhariwal,ICAR-NBPGR; (Under CRP-7 project)

Terminal heat tolerant wheat (South-west Rajasthan) 22 - 22 K Pradheep, ICAR-NBPGR; RS Chouhan,MPUAT, Banswara (in NICRA project)

Total 258 233 491

1.2.1 Trait-specific germplasm collection

Paddy: A total of 40 accessions comprising Oryza sa-tiva (37) and O. nivara (3) were collected from partsof Nadia, Hooghly, North-24 Parganas and South-24Parganas districts of West Bengal. Variability was ob-served mainly for plant height, kernel colour, shape, size,presence/absence of awns and aroma. Kernel weightranged from 9.55g (Kala Jeera) to 30.26 g (SurajPatnai); and kernel length from 4.24 mm (Begun Bichi)to 10.48 mm (Suraj Patnai); kernel breadth from 1.92

mm (Dudhesar) to 4.24 mm (Harkul). Kalo Moto(black husked aromatic rice), a very popular landrace,is grown for food and medicinal use.

Wheat: Twenty-one accessions of local wheatgermplasm adapted to rainfed condition were collectedfrom remote pockets of Banswara, Dungarpur andPratapgarh districts of Rajasthan. Morphologicalvariability in grain types (red and yellow) and plant height

(red type taller and panicle orientation almost horizontal)was observed. Locally they are known by various namessuch as Peshu, Davadkani, Indorikotiya, Wazia,Chapidya, Doraiya, Tukdi, Daula and Hiruma.Farmers have exposed these local cultivars to diverseedaphic conditions (red soil, brown soil and black soil,with varying soil fertility, sand level and moisture),topography (plain/undulating), climatic conditions (150-550m) and cropping systems (sole/mixed cropping) fora long period and hence they are well adapted to theseharsh situations. These local cultivars have been in


1.2.2 Crop wild relatives (CWR) collection

1.2.2.1 Wild Triticeae and Cicer: Ninety-sixaccessions of Elymus nutans (22), E. cognatus (15),E. dahuricus (15), E. secalinus (12), E. longearistatussubsp. canaliculatus (11), E. repens (4), E.semicostatus (2), E. schrenkianus (1), Hordeumbrevisubulatus (2), H. bogdanii (1), Hystrix duthiei(1), Cicer microphyllum (5) and others (5) were collectedfrom Kargil district of Ladakh region. Of these, Elymussemicostatus, E. cognatuts, E. repens, E.schrenkianus, Hystrix duthiei and Hordeum bogdaniiwere collected for the first time. In Elymus nutans, goodviriability with respect to plant height, earliness, spike(length, colour), number of spikelets/node (1-3) and awn(length and colour) was observed, while plants at highaltitude were usually robust with purplish inflorescence

Fig 1.5.Brassica tournefortii from Jobner, a droughtprone area in Rajasthan

Fig 1.6. Kala ruin: drought tolerant wheat landrace fromSehore, MP

cultivation for more than 40 years, and are still popularowing to their climate resilient attributes and exceptionalquality of roti. In another trip to parts of Bhopal, Raisen,Sehore and Vidisha districts of Madhya Pradesh, a totalof 27 accessions comprising Triticum aestivum (09), T.durum (10), Cicer arietinum (07) and Lens culinaris(01) were collected from rainfed areas. Variability wasobserved mainly for plant height, grain shape, size andcolour which included some important local landracesviz. Kathiya, Kala ruin and Safed ruin. Landraces ofchickpea having variability in grain size (small and large),shape and colour included Katila and Khajiya.

Brassica: Fourteen accessions comprising Brassicatournefortii (09), B. rapa var. yellow sarson (01), B.nigra (01) and Eruca sativa (03) were collected fromdrier parts of Jaipur, Nagaur and Sikar districts ofRajasthan. In B. tournefortii, a potential source of

Fig 1.3. Variability in rice from eastern districts ofWest Bengal

Fig 1.4. Collecting drought tolerant obsolete cultivar ofwheat in Rajasthan

powdery mildew, variability was observed for plant type,plant height, number of primary branches, seed colour(brown & yellow), number of siliquae per branch andnumber of seeds per siliqua.


and longer awn. Though adapted to diverse habitats andknown for polymorphism, E. dahuricus was not foundin Zanskar Valley. E. schrenkianus was rare, as onlyfour plants were found in the area. E. semicostatus wasobserved in two places under shady localities, butexhibited distinctness warranting taxonomic study.Hystrix duthiei was found in shady and moist localitiesnear Silmo. Collectors experienced the problem of highspikelet sterility in E. repens and Leymus secalinus,and poor pod filling in case of Cicer microphyllum;resulting into low seed output in some accessions.

1.2.2.2 Wild cucurbits: A total of 49 accessions ofTrichosanthes cucumerina (9), T.bracteata (8), Cucumis sativusvar. hardwickii (7), C.maderaspatanus (4), othercucurbits (15) and five other wildspecies were collected fromVisakhapatnam, East Godavari andWest Godavari districts of AndhraPradesh. About 20 cm long fruitedTrichosanthes cucumerinacollected from West Godavari district, could be the resultof spontaneous hybridization between wild (T.cucumerina) and cultivated (T. anguina) type. Gooddiversity in Cucumis taxa (5) was collected. Above700m, C. sativus var. hardwickii, the progenitor ofcucumber, was observed occasionally in premises of cropfields as weed, also along roadsides, over thickets andbushes. Spine gourd was found both in wild andcultivated state; cultivation resulted in improvement offruit size.

1.2.3 Region specific/multi-species collection

1.2.3.1 Uttarakhand:A total of 64 accessions (49 wildand 15 cultivated species) of different agri-horticulturalcrops were collected from parts of Nainital, UdhamSingh Nagar, Pauri, Haridwar and Dehradun districts ofUttarakhand and Bijnor district of Uttar Pradesh.Important collections include Oryza sativa, O. nivara,Eleusine coracana in cereals and millets: Cajanusscarabaeoides (6), Vigna unguiculata, V. umbellata(1), V. dalzelliana (1), V. vexillata (1), Glycine max inlegumes; Abelmoschus tetraphyllus, Amaranthusdubilus, A. spinosus, Coccinia indica, Cucumissativus var. hardwickii, C. sativus, Luffa acutangulavar. amara, L. hermaphrodita, L. graveolens,Trichosanthes bracteata, T. cucumerina, Solanumindicum, S. nigrum in vegetables; Sesamum

mulayanum, Perllia frutescens (5) in oilseeds; Cleomeviscosa in spices and condiments, Corchorus tridensand Crotalaria striata in fibre. Significant collectionsamong the landraces/local types include black seededGlycine max, open and closed headed Eleusinecoracana, Cucumis sativus (hill cucumber), primitivecultivars of paddy (China and Silky dhan). Wild paddy(Oryza nivara) has been first time collected fromfoothills of Uttarakhand; weedy type Vigna umbellatais an another interesting collection made from fieldmargins; and weedy Perilla frutescens was found inabundance in open places and road sides mainly in moistlocalities. Small, bushy, less branching and fruiting typewere collected from dry and open places and climbingplant with heavy bearing type of Cajanusscarabaeoides were collected from moist localities.

1.2.3.2 National Capital Region:Twenty-sixaccessions comprising wild species, CWR and others(12 taxa) were collected from Aravali range and areasadjoining river Yamuna. Important ones being Ziziphusnummularia (4), Z. rotundifolia (1), Avena sterilisvar. ludoviciana (2), Melilotus indicus (6), Mucunapruriens var. utilis (1), Solanum virginianum (1), S.nigrum (1), Withania somnifera (1), Chenopodiummurale (1), Sesbania sesban (1), and other economicspecies (7). Variants of Ziziphus nummularia and Z.rotundifolia were collected as seed for furthertaxonomical study.

Fig 1.7. Long-fruitedTrichosanthes

cucumerina

Fig 1.8. Oryza nivara(Jangli-dhan) collected

first time from foothills ofUttarakhand

Fig 1.9. Variability inElymus dahuricus from

single locality nearBudkharbu, Kargil

1.2.4 Horticultural crops

1.2.4.1 Seed spices: A total of 41 accessions ofBunium persicum (5), Carum carvi (12) andCoriandrum sativum (10) were collected from Zanskar


Fig 1.10. Prolific bearingCajanus scarabaeoides in

Uttarakhand

Fig 1.11. Variability inTrichosanthes bracteata

from Eastern Ghats ofAndhra Pradesh

Valley, Kargil and Leh area of Ladakh region. Variabilitywas recorded for leaf size, umbel colour and shape, planttype, seed size and colour and fragrance. Buniumpersicum and Carum carvi were quite abundant earlierin wild but now both have become scarce in alpine, sub-alpine and temperate zones (1800-3500m) of Kargil andZanskar Valley. Climatic uncertainties, over-exploitation,immature collection and lack of regeneration are majorreasons for declining of their populations in wild.Landraces of Pisum arvense (6) and Lens culinaris(1) were also collected. Capparis spinosa was alsocollected from Saspol (at 3091m), which is locally usedin making pickle. Another trip conducted in Kinnaur andLahaul-Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh, a total of 68accessions comprising B. persicum (36) andCoriandrum sativum (32) were collected. Goodvariability in coriander was observed for seed size, shapeand fragrance while little variability was noticed in B.persicum growing mostly in kitchen gardens, and usedfor culinary purpose.

1.2.4.2 Citrus: Thirty accessions of citrus comprisingCitrus aurantium (1), C. aurantifolia (12), C. grandis(1), C. jambhiri (1), C. limonia (3), C. maderaspatana(1), C. paradisi (1), C. sinensis (7), C. unshiu (1) andCitrus sp.(2) were collected from parts of Chittoor,Nellore and Cuddapah districts of Andhra Pradesh. Goodvariability in C.aurantifolia (Lime), C. sinensis(Satgudi) and C.maderaspatana (Kitchli) wasobserved.

Lime variety Balaji was most promising and sweetorange-Satgudi having high yield and sweetness is highlypreferred by farmers. Kitchli a local uncommon citrustype is also grown in the area.

Fig 1.12. Fruit variability in Z. rotundifolia from Alwar,Rajasthan

Fig 1.13. Variability in Carum carvi from Ladakh

Fig 1.14. ‘Satgudi’: A sweet orange from AndhraPradesh

1.2.4.3 Ber: A total of 14 accessions of Ber (Ziziphusrotundifolia) were collected from Alwar district ofRajasthan. The variability was observed for plant size,fruit size (round, oblong), canopy (spreading, conical)and TSS (7-10%).


1.3 National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants

A total of 371 herbarium specimens, seven seed samplesand eight economic products were added to the NationalHerbarium of Cultivated Specimen (NHCP), makingtotal collection of 22,034 herbarium specimens(representative of 4,088 species belonging to 1,490genera and 265 families), 3051 seed samples and 670economic products. Sixty taxa, not represented earlier,were added as specimens and digital images to theNHCP (Table 1.4). Herbarium specimens were addedas vouchers from experimental studies of Sorghum (44)from Hyderabad, exotic wild species of Lens (66) underICARDA project from New Delhi, Piper, Crotalariafrom Thrissur (4) and Allium hookeri (1) from Bhowali.Other major additions included Caryota obtusa,Herpetospermum operculatum, and Arachis pintoi

received through explorations in Assam and Nagaland(74), Rauvolfia verticillata, Elettaria cardamomumand Solanum multiflorum from Kerala and Tamil Nadu(51), Elymus nutans, Hordeum brevisubulatum,Leymus secalinus, and Amaranthus powellii fromJammu & Kashmir (99) and Allium macranthum,Gymnopetalum chinense, Luffa graveolens andTrichosanthes cucumerina from Uttarakhand (20).Specimens added through identification included Cannaindica, Scorpiurus muricatus as herbaruium; Rumexacetosa as seed, and dried fruits of Juglans regia,Prunus amygdalus and Carya illinoinensis aseconomic products. Identification services were provided(33) and authentication certificates (30) issued to studentsand researchers for material taken up for experimentalstudy.

Table 1.4: New taxa added to NHCP during 2015

Taxon Family Locality W/C

Allium macranthum Baker Alliaceae Uttarakhand CAmaranthus powellii S. Watson Amaranthaceae Jammu & Kashmir WArachis pintoi Karpov. & W. C. Greg Fabaceae Kerala CArtocarpus chama Buch.-Ham. Moraceae Nagaland WCaryota obtusa Griff. Arecaceae Nagaland WCentrosema molle Mart. ex Benth. Fabaceae Kerala NaturalizedChenopodium strictum Roth. Chenopodiaceae Jammu & Kashmir WConringia planisiliqua Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Brassicaceae Jammu & Kashmir WCrotalaria stipitata Grahm ex W. & A. Fabaceae Kerala WDysphania pumilio (R. Br.) Mosyakin & Clemants Chenopodiaceae Jammu & Kashmir NaturalizedElymus longearistatus (Boiss.)Tzvelev Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir WElymus nutans Griseb. Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir WElymus semicostatus (Nees ex Steud.) Melderis Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir WFlemingia wallichi W. & A. Fabaceae Tamil Nadu WGynura cusimbua (D. Don.) S. Moore Asteraceae Nagaland CHordeum brevisubulatum (Trin) Link Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir WLens culinaris Medik. subsp.orientalis (Boiss.) Hand.-Mazz. Fabaceae ICARDA Material CLens culinaris Medik. subsp. tomentosus (Ladiz.) ME. Ferguson Fabaceae ICARDA Material CLens lamottei Czefr. Fabaceae ICARDA Material WLens nigricans (M. Bieb.) Webb. & Berthel. Fabaceae ICARDA Material WLepidium apetalum Willd. Brassicaceae Jammu & Kashmir WLeymus secalinus (Georgi) Tzvelev Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir WMentha royleana Wall. ex Benth. Lamiaceae Jammu & Kashmir WPiper retrofractum Vahl Piperaceae Kerala CPlukenetia corniculata Sm. Euphorbiaceae Nagaland W/CPopulus pamirica Komarov Salicaceae Jammu & Kashmir CRauvolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill. Apocynaceae Tamil Nadu WRobinia pseudoacacia L. Fabaceae Jammu & Kashmir WSapium baccatum Roxb. Euphorbiaceae Nagaland W/CSolanum muricatum Aiton Solanaceae Nagaland CSolena heterophylla Lour. Cucurbitaceae Nagaland W


1.3.1 Digitization of herbarium in NHCP: Crop taxarepresented in the NHCP was digitized afterauthentication of identity of specimens/taxa belongingto crop genepools, linking with digital images of referenceherbarium specimen(s); working out ‘spot’ charactersfor identification of species, and other data on acceptednomenclature, infra-specific variants, distribution/ locationdata, phenology, use, etc. A total of 540 specimens weredigitised including those of 60 newly added taxa whichresulted in a total of 5,540 digitised images. The herbariumdigital resource was configured in web-based softwarein collaboration with AKMU (http://192.168.1.59/herb/Hindex.aspx).

1.4 Biosystematic Studies

1.4.1 Trichosanthes: Distinguishing two forms ofTrichosanthes bracteata, and distribution of T.himalensis in Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, werefirst time recorded during field study of the region.Herbarium studies revealed that the specimen (M.S.Ramaswami 1398), claiming the presence ofGymnopetalum chinense in Andhra Pradesh, turned outto be Solena; also studies indicated the probableoccurrence of (true) T. tricuspidata in AndamanNicobar Islands. Type specimen (in Kew and HarvardHerbarium) study revealed that the type ( and ) of T.khasiana in fact represent two different species (T.khasiana and an unknown species), and confirmed theoccurrence of T. subrosea in India. Infragenericclassification of 16 Indian species at subgeneric andsectional level was worked out. Molecular systematicworks were initiated byisolating DNA of 60 accessions,using 50 SSR primer pairs and optimizing amplificationconditions for 36 loci.

1.4.2 Allium:Taxonomic study was done on Alliumauriculatum, A. carolinianum and A. przewalskianumbased on collected plant material, seed and herbariumimages. Flower characters were compared among newlycollected variants of A. tuberosum (from Leh, Darchik,Jammu & Kashmir) and five accessions collected earlierfrom NEH region and western Himalaya (Uttarakhand).Preliminary studies show that pink flowered forms fromJ&Kwere apparently similar to white flowered forms.Species of subgenus Amerallium, sectionBromatorrhiza- A. hookeri, A. fasciculatum, A.

wallichi and A. macranthum were well distinguishablebased on bulb and root characters. Allium hookeri (twovariants) studied for selected characters in field genebank at Bhowali were variable in plant height, leaf andinflorescence characters. Endemic species of Allium viz.A. kachrooi, A. rosenbachianum and A. oreoprasum,and cultivated A. nigrum were studied using herbariumspecimens at University of Kashmir, Srinagar.

1.4.3 Luffa: Gap analysis revealed the need foraugmenting germplasm collections in L. echinata andL. graveolens across the distribution range especiallynorth and eastern India (Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and partsof Madhya Pradesh). Identification characters (6) in L.echinata were studied at collection sites in Haryanaand Uttarakhand and by raising same material underexperimental conditions. Variation data recorded on fruitand seed characters in L. acutangula (3 accessions)and a closely related cluster-fruit bearing L.hermaphrodita (4 accessions including a solitary-fruitedtype); indicated that cluster-fruiting habit has probablyevolved from solitary fruit. Luffa acutangula var.amara (8) collected from Uttarakhand and Rajasthanwere studied for variation among fruit and seedcharacters and occurrence of rare traits like mosaicpattern of testa were observed.

1.4.4 Leafy amaranth: Gap analysis revealed nocollection of wild species-Amaranthus polygonoides,A. x caturus, A. tenuifolius and different subspeciesunder A. graecizans, while poor representation of A.graecizans subsp. graecizans, A. blitum and A. dubiusat the Bureau; indicating the need for proper collectionand identification. About 174 accessions representingdiverse species were augmented from various sourcessuch as National Genebank, Regional Stations, andexplorations in AP, J&K, Delhi, Uttarakhand andRajasthan. Of these, 80 accessions involving diversespecies were grown for recording taxonomically goodcharacters. A. graecizans (4 accessions) and A. blitum(8) have been studied in detail; in A. blitum, characterslike sub-erect plant habit and retuse leaf nature wereobserved to be stable, whereas ‘lanceolate’ bract shapeas reported was validated as ‘linear’ in all the accessions.Study of types of intended taxa in virtual herbariarevealed high level of variation in A. tricolor complex.

Tanacetum gracile Hook. f. & Thomson Asteraceae Jammu & Kashmir WUrtica hyperborea Jacq. Urticaceae Jammu & Kashmir WVicia benthamiana Ali Fabaceae Jammu & Kashmir W


Fig 1.15. Collecting sites of rice germplasm

1.5 Mapping of Diversity Collected in DifferentAgri-horticultural Crops

In rice, a total of 39,900 accessions have so far beencollected from various parts of the country. Among these,32,455 accessions had passport data with locality detailsof collection sites (state, district and village) and thesewere further screened for availability in the NationalGenebank. Geo-referencing and mapping of collecteddiversity of rice germplasm was done. Analysis ofpassport data shows that majority of rice germplasmaccessions have been collected from Chhattisgarh(8,073) followed by Odisha (3,491), Madhya Pradesh(3,294), Assam (2,170) and Uttar Pradesh (1,687). Gapareas identified for future collection included WestBengal (Bardhman, Bankura and Birbhum districts);Karnataka (Chikkamagluru, Dakshina Kannada,Mandya, Hassan and Udupi districts), Maharashtra(Kolahapur, Sangli, Satara and Solapur districts) andNorth-eastern Hill region (Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbariand Kokrajhar districts of Assam; Bishnupur, Chandel,Senapati and Ukhrul districts of Manipur) of the country.Passport data on Solanum germplasm (over 4,210accessions) collected from different parts of the countrywas screened and germplasm represented from easternregion (2,135 accessions) were geo-referenced.

Research Programme (Code: Title, Leader)

PGR/PGC-BUR-01.00: Exploration for collection of germplasm of agri-horticultural crops, maintenance of herbariumand biosystematic and ethno-botanical studies E Roshini Nayar (up to 28.2.2015), SP Ahlawat (w.e.f. 1.3.2015)

Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates)

PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.01: Exploration for collection of genetic resources of agricultural crops and theireir wildrelatives (E Roshini Nayar up to 28.2.2015), SP Ahlawat (w.e.f. 1.3.2015), KC Bhatt, DP Semwalal, Soyimchitenand NS Panwar)

PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.02: Exploration for collection of genetic resources of horticultural crop speciesnd andtheir wild relatives (KC Bhatt, SK Malik, K Pradheep, DP Semwal and Soyimchiten)

PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.03: National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants (NHCP),establishment,maintenance, build-upand taxonomic studies on crop plants E Roshini Nayar (up to 28.2.2015), Anjula Pandey (w.e.f. 1.3.2015),K Pradheep and Rita Gupta)

PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.04: Systematic studies of native crop taxa (K Pradheep, Anjula Pandey, K C Bhatt andRita Gupta).

PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.05: Geo-informatics for assessment of diversity distribution in agri-horticultural crops (DPSemwal, KC Bhatt, Anjula Pandey, E Roshini Nayar (up to 28.2.2015) N Sivaraj, Soyimchiten and NSPanwar)


2.1 Import of Plant Genetic Resources

The unit continued its efforts for germplasm introductionto meet the specific requirements of scientists workingin ICAR research institutes, State AgriculturalUniversities (SAUs), other public and private sectororganizations with R&D, and non-governmentalorganizations (NGOs). Plant genetic resources import/introduction comprised of material obtained on requestfrom the scientists as well as collaborators forinternational trials to be conducted in India. Introductionsof seed/planting material made during the year were asfollows:

Germplasm accessions : 34,377 accessions

procured and processed (36,554 samples)

CGIAR nurseries for trials : 9,513 entries (1,04,511samples)

No. of countries involved : 44No. of Import Permits issued : 722

Cereals: Hordeum vulgare (40) from Australia, (152)from France, (1) from USA; Oryza alta (11), O.australiensis (9), O. barthii (10), O. brachyantha (10),O. eichingeri (12), O. glaberrima (37), O.glumaepatula (13), O. grandiglumis (11), O. granulata(13), O. latifolia (11), O. longiglumis (11), O.longistaminata (8), O. meridionalis (9), O. meyeriana(6), O. minuta (12), O. nivara (9), O. nivara x O.rufipogon (3), O. nivara x sativa (1), O. officinalis(12), O. punctata (6), O. rhizomatis (9), O. ridleyi (16),O. rufipogon (41), O. rufipogon x O. nivara (1), O.rufipogon x O. spontanea (5), O. rufipogon x sativa(1) all from Philippines, O. sativa (7) from Bangladesh,(341) from Belgium, (2348) from Brazil, (209) fromChina, (47) from France, (7137) from Philippines, (474)from USA, (5) from Vietnam, O. sativa × O. nivara(2) from Philippines; O. sativa subsp. japonica (14)from USA, O. sativa x O. rufipogon (1), O. spontanea

Summary: During the period under report 43,890 accessions (1,41,065 samples) were imported which included 34,377accessions (36,554 samples) of germplasm and 9,513 entries (1,04,511 samples) of CGIAR nurseries for trials. A total of12,192 samples of different crops were supplied to national users for utilization in various crop improvement programmesin the country based on requests received from research workers under Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). In addition, atotal of 84,195 samples supplied for regeneration/ multiplication/ morphological characterization/ preliminary evaluation/taxonomic identification/ were DNA fingerprinting/ viability testing.

GERMPLASM EXCHANGE UNIT 2

(5), O. spontanea x rufipogon (2) from Philippines;Triticum aestivum (231) from Australia, (394) fromCanada, (5) from Israel, (8) from Japan, (692) fromMexico, (5) from UK, (144) from USA, T. aestivumsubsp. sphaerococcum (32) from USA, T. sharonense(2) from Israel, Triticum sp. (58) from Japan, T. turgidumsubsp. durum (46) from Mexico; Zea mays (217) fromBrazil, (31) from Chile, (69) from Egypt, (153) fromFrance, (37) from Germany, (4) from Italy, (1122) fromMexico, (3084) from Philippines, (20) from South Africa,(4875) from Thailand and (2226) from USA.

Millets: Panicum miliaceum (63), P. sumatrense (14)both from Nigeria, Pennisetum glaucum (37) from USA,Pennisetum sp. (159) from Nigeria; Eleusine sp. (52)from Nigeria, Setaria italica (18) from Nigeria;Sorghum bicolor (291) from Argentina, (one) fromEthiopia, (1117) from Mali, (448) from Niger, (186) fromNigeria, (1) from South Africa, and Sorghum sp. (152)from Nigeria.

Oilseeds: Arachis hypogaea (213) from Nigeria;Brassica carinata (7), B. fruticulosa (2), B. juncea(77) all from Australia, B. juncea, (316) from Canada,B. napus (55) from Australia, (1) from Canada, (250)from UK, B. nigra (22) from Australia, B. oleracea(20) from USA, B. rapa (63) from Australia, (3) fromCanada, (21) from UK, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis(1) from USA; B. rapa subsp. pekinensis (2) fromCanada, (7) from USA; B. tournefortii (4) fromAustralia; Carthamus tinctorius (5) from Bangladesh;Eruca sativa (3) from Australia, E.vesicaria (2) fromCanada; Glycine max (75) from Canada, (70) fromTaiwan, (2) from USA; Helianthus annuus (279) fromFrance, (328) from USA, H. niveus subsp. canescens(8) from USA; Linum usitatissimum (90) from Canada;Ricinus communis (1) from Uzbekistan; Sesamum sp.(1) from Uzbekistan, S. indicum (2) from Kyrgyzstan,(1) from Uzbekistan; Sinapis alba (1) from Australia,

29GERMPLASM EXCHANGE UNIT

(14) from Canada, S. arvensis (1) from Australia andBrassicoraphanus sp. (1) from Canada.

Grain legumes: Cajanus sp. (57) from Nigeria; Cicerarietinum (5) from Australia, (100) from Morocco, (1)from Uzbekistan, C. echinospermum (6) from TurkeyC. reticulatum (20) from Turkey, (26) from USA, Cicersp. (125) from Nigeria; Lathyrus sativus (2) from UK;Lens culinaris (172) from Australia; Phaseolusvulgaris (2) from Kazakhstan, (5) from Philippines, (2)from USA, (1) from Uzbekistan; Pisum sativum (224)from Australia; Vigna mungo (18), V. radiata (94) bothfrom Taiwan,(1) from Uzbekistan and V. unguiculatasubsp. sesquipedalis (5) from Philippines.

Vegetable crops: Abelmoschus caillei (149), A.crinitus (1), A. esculentus (4), A. manihot (55), A.moschatus (17), A. tuberculatus (1), all from USA;Allium cepa (6) from Kyrgyzstan, (5) from Uzbekistan;Allium sativum (16) from Israel, (3) from Kazakhstan,(3) from Kyrgyzstan, (7) from Uzbekistan; Allium sp.(1) from Tajikistan, (4) from Uzbekistan; Brassicaoleracea var. botrytis (98) from France, (210) fromNetherlands, (227) from USA; B. oleracea var. capitata(175) from China, (268) from France, (41) from Korea,(267) from Netherlands, (45) from USA; Capsicumannuum (31) from Guatemala, (149) from Korea, (2)from Spain, (1) from Tajikistan, (65) from Thailand, (794)from USA; C.annuum var. glabriusculum(1),C.baccatum (2),C.baccatum var. pendulum (4) allfrom USA; C.chacoense (1) from Spain; (1) from USA;C. chinense (1) from Spain; (5), C. eximium (1) all fromUSA; C. frutescense (1) from Spain; C. galapagoense(1), C. pubescens (1) from USA; Citrullus amarus(11), C. colocynthis (8) both from USA; C. lanatus(23) from Netherlands, (1) from Tajikistan, (3) fromThailand, (55) from USA ; C.lanatus var. lanatus(68),C.rehmii (3) both from USA; Cucumis melo (3)from Netherlands, (3) from Tajikistan, (11) from USA ;C. melo subsp. melo (12), C. melo var. agrestis (8),C.melo var. conomon (3), C. melo var. flexuosus (3),C. melo var. inodorus (4) all from USA; C. sativus(528) from Netherlands, (6) from Taiwan, (5) fromThailand, (61) from USA ; C. sativus var. sativus (15),Cucumis sp. (11) both from USA; Cucurbita pepo (1)from Kyrgyzstan, (1) from Uzbekistan; Lagenariasiceraria (2) from Netherlands, (5) from USA; Luffaacutangula (18), L. graveolens (2),Luffa sp. (4) fromUSA; Momordica balsamina (1) from USA;M.charantia (38) from Thailand, (1) from USA;

Raphanus sativus (4) from Canada; Solanumacerifolium (1), S. aculeatissimum (2), S. aethiopicum(8), S. americanum (2), S. anguivi (4), S. arcanum (8),S. atropurpureum (1), S. aviculare (2), S.brachyantherum (1), S. capsicoides (3), S. caripense(1) all from USA, S. cheesmaniae (2) from Netherlands,(10) from USA; S. chilense (41), S. chippendalei (1),S. chmielewskii (6), S. corneliomulleri (7), S. douglasii(1), S. dulcamara (1), S. elaeagnifolium (1), S. ferox(1), S. gabrielae (1), S. galapagense (12), S.habrochaites (23), S. habrochaites x S.corneliomulleri x S. chilense (1), S. huaylasense (5),S. incanum (4), S. laciniatum (2), S. lichtensteinii (1),S. linnaeanum (3), S. lycopersicoides (6) all from USA;S. lycopersicum (22) from France, (76) from Guatemala,(169) from Netherlands, (263) from Thailand,(1) fromUK, (792) from USA; S.macrocarpum (2), S.mammosum (3), S. mauritianum (1) all from USA;S.melongena (10) from Taiwan; (22) from USA, S.neorickii (6), S. nigrum (3), S. pennellii (24), S.peruvianum (5) all from USA, pimpinellifolium (73)from Netherlands, (31) from USA, S. pseudocapsicum(3), S. pyracanthos (1), S. quitoense (1), S. retroflexum(1), S. rostratum (1), S. sarrachoides (1), S. scabrum(2), S. sessiliflorum (1), S. sisymbrifolium (2), S. sitiens(5), Solanum sp. (8), S. stramoniifolium (1), S. villosum(1), S. virginianum (3) and S. viride (1) all from USA.

Forages and Agroforestry crops: Acacia mangium(14) from Australia; Atriplex deserticola (1), A. halimus(1), A. lentiformis (2), A. lindleyi subsp. inflata (1), A.nummularia (3), A. sagittata (1) all from USA; Avenasativa (85) from Sweden, (1) from Uzbekistan; Dactylisglomerata (1) from USA; Diplotaxis tenuifolia (1)from Australia; Echinochloa frumentacea (1) fromNigeria; Elaeagnus angustifolia (1) from Uzbekistan;Eucalyptus cameldulensis var. cameldulensis (7) fromBrazil (79) from Israel, (2) from LaoPDR; E.grandis(13), E. pellita (8) both from Brazil, (95) from LaoPDR;E. tereticornis (4) from Brazil; Eucalyptus urophylla(10) from LaoPDR and Trifolium alexandrinum (1)from Uzbekistan.

Fibre crops: Gossypium hirsutum (98) from USA.

Fruit crops: Macadamia integrifolia (10) from USA;Malus domestica (4) from Netherlands, (9) from USA;Musa acuminata (24), M. balbisiana (12) both fromBelgium; Persea americana (2) from USA; Phoenixdactylifera (2) from Jordan; Punica granatum (57)from USA; Vitis sp. (16) from USA.


Ornamental crops: Lilium sp. (15) from Netherlands.

Spices:Anethum graveolens (1) from Uzbekistan;Coriandrum sativum (1) from Kyrgyzstan, (1) fromUzbekistan; Cuminum cyminum (2) from Kyrgyzstan,(1) from Uzbekistan; Foeniculum vulgare (1) fromKyrgyzstan and (1) from Uzbekistan.

M& AP: Muntingia calabura (1) from USA; Nigellasativa (2),Ocimum tenuiflorum (2) both fromUzbekistan; Papaver somniferum (8) from UK;Rosmarinus officinalis (1) from USA.

Narcotics: Nicotiana benthamiana (2) from USA; N.tabacum (5) from Brazil and (4) from USA.

Beverages: Coffea arabica (15) from USA;Theobroma cacao (41) from UK.

Plantation crops: Elaeis guineensis (20) fromMalaysia; Hevea brasiliensis (4) from Cambodia and(3) from Indonesia.

Potential Crops: Amaranthus sp. (1) from Tajikistan;Fagopyrum esculentum (1) from Uzbekistan; Viciafaba (101) from Cyprus.

Tubers: Manihot esculenta (5) from Switzerland;Solanum suaveolens (3) from USA; Solanumtuberosum (1) from Canada, (5) from France, (3) fromGermany, (8) from Netherlands, (4) from New Zealand,(2) from UK and (10) from USA.

Others: Arundo donax (1) from Honduras;Arabidopsis thaliana (3) from France and (13) fromUSA.

Fig 2.1: Late-maturing orchard grass with excellent forage quality and increased winter tolerance (a), Promisingaccessions of Dill, Russian olive,mung bean, buckwheat, and oats from Uzbekistan (b,c,d,e,f)


Table 2.1: Trait specific germplasm introduced and distributed

Crop/ EC No./ Country Specific Traits Distribution

Oryza sativa (Paddy)

EC837459-837762/ Philippines High zinc content ICRISAT, PatancheruEC850436-851005/ Philippines Breeding lines for drought and salinity ICRISAT, PatancheruEC862444-862445/ Bangladesh High zinc content ICRISAT, PatancheruEC846939-41 / Philippines Wild species- O. longistaminata, O.meyeriana, O. ridleyi GCD, NBPGR

Triticum aestivum (Wheat)

EC841152 / Mexico EC841165 Near –Isogenic lines carrying genes Lr34, Lr46, Lr67, IARI RS, IndoreLr68

EC841516 / USA Large kernel size and superior yielding ability, resistanceto diseases, prevalent in Oklahoma and surroundingsstates, favourable dough strength, exceptional recovery ofisolated gluten fractions from compressive deformation. GED, NBPGR

EC870177-870247/ USA Source for improvement of heat tolerance DGR, NBPGR

Helianthus annuus (Sunflower)

EC838641/USA Variety HA 342 High oleic acid content (85.0%) IIOR, HyderabadEC838643/ USA Restorer line with high oleic acid content (86.3%),

resistant to race 2 of downy mildew. IIOR, HyderabadEC838654/ USA CM601, Resistant to rust and Verticillium wilt IIOR, HyderabadEC838794/ USA HA 413 with high linoleic acid content IIOR, Hyderabad

Dactylis glomerata (Orchard grass)

EC871140/ USA Late maturing, excellent forage quality and increased GCD, NBPGR; NBPGRwinter tolerance RS Shimla

Malus domestica (Apple)

EC860918-860923/ USA Improved varieties Succary, Eechnoff, Dorsett Golden, Dr YSPUHF, Solanearly to mid-early types, high yielding

EC860917/ USA Variety Anna resistant to apple scab, powdery mildew, Dr YSPUHF, Solancedar apple rust and fire blight

Vitis vinifera (Grapes)EC840350-840362/ USA Varieties Cayuga white, Landott 4511, Othello, Joyous, NRC Grapes, Pune

Tetra, Mars-resistant to cracking, downy mildew, drought,insect and black rot

Punica granatum (Pomegranate)EC844202-844207/USA Ornamental varieties double red white, double red, IIHR, Bengaluru

orange and HakubatanElaeis guineensis (Oil palm)EC869395-869414/ Malaysia Short rachis with small crown. High carotene content, IIOPR, Pedavegi

drought tolerant. Considerably low level of free fattyAacids (FFA)

Core and mini core CollectionSorghum EC842897-843045;EC843394-843396 GCD, NBPGRPearlmillet EC842752-842893;EC843377-843393 GCD, NBPGRChickpea EC843046-843169 GCD, NBPGRPigeonpea EC843233-843289 GCD, NBPGRGroundnut EC842628-842733;EC843353-843376 GCD, NBPGRFinger millet EC843290-843341 GCD, NBPGRFoxtail millet EC843342-843352 GCD, NBPGRProso millet EC843170-843232 GCD, NBPGRLittle millet EC842894 GCD, NBPGRBarnyard millet EC842374-842747 GCD, NBPGR


Table 2.2: Details of transgenic seed material imported

Accession No./ Country Genes/ Events Recipient

Arabidopsis

EC852212-217/USA T-DNA insertion lines E I Dupont India Private Limited, RangaReddi district, Hyderabad

EC866711-717/USA T-DNA insertion National Research Centre on PlantBiotechnology, New Delhi

EC870248-250/France Bench Bio Private Limited, Valsad

Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)

EC852518-527/USA Stacked Events MON15985x Monsanto Holdings Private Limited, MedakCOT102 x MON 88913 District

Glycine max (Soybean)

EC859729/USA HaHB4 gene Sungro Seeds Limited, New Delhi

Manihot esculenta (Cassava)

EC839010-014/ Switzerland Line dsAC1-2, dsAC1-101, dsAC1- ICAR- CTCRI, Thiruvananthapuram

151, Cambia 1301

Oryza sativa (Paddy)

EC838493-838496/France T-DNA/TOS17inserted mutant lines IARI, New Delhi

Zea mays (Maize)

EC851258-60/USA DAS -01507-1 X MON-00810-6XMON- Pioneer Hi-Bred Private Limited, Medak00603-6,DAS -01507-1 X MON-00810-6, DistrictDAS -01507-1, MON -00603-6

EC862405- EC862410/USA TC1507 X NK603 (DAS-015071XMON-00603-6)

EC866742- EC866773/USA Vip3Aa20

2.2 Export of Plant Genetic Resources

Facilitated supply of FAO designated accessions (163samples) of ICRISAT mandate crops and 3,142 samplesof CIMMYT maize trials (exotic origin) to differentcountries through RS, Hyderabad.

2.3 National supply of Plant Genetic Resources

The seed and planting material of diverse agri-horticultural crops were supplied to ICAR institutes/coordinated projects, agricultural universities and otherusers in India. Based on specific requests received 12,192samples (Cereals: 5,077; Grain legumes: 3,687;Vegetables: 1,778; Fibres: 21; Forages: 67; Ornamentals:31; Potential crops: 546; Medicinal and aromatic plants:90; Oilseeds: 601; Millets: 242; Fruits: 50 and Narcotics:02) were supplied under the Material Transfer

Fig 2.2. National supply of seed/planting material torecipients under different categories

Agreement (MTA). The categories of recipients whoreceived the material are depicted in Figure 2.2. Inaddition, a total of 84,195 samples were supplied forregeneration/ multiplication/ morphologicalcharacterization/ preliminary evaluation/ taxonomicidentification/ DNA fingerprinting/ viability.


Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader)

PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.00: Exchange of plant genetic resources with foreign countries (import/ export) their nationalsupplies to the scientists/users in the country along with related information and documentation of these activitiesin the form of plant genetic reporter on line publication (Pratibha Brahmi)


PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.01: Import, export, inland supply and survey of literature for procurement of elite/ trait specificPGR in cereals, oilseeds, fibres, medicinal & aromatic plants, millets, sugar yielding crops and documentation(Anita Pedapati, Vandana Tyagi, SP Singh, Surender Singh, PC Binda)

PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.02: Import, export, inland supply and survey of literature for procurement of elite/ trait specificPGR in vegetables, forages, under -utilized plants, ornamentals, spices and condiments, plantation crops anddocumentation. (SK Yadav, Nidhi Verma (till August 2015), Pratibha Brahmi (w.e.f September 2015), SP Singh,Surender Singh, PC Binda)

PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.03: Import, export, inland supply and survey of literature for procurement of elite/ trait specific PGRin fruits, grain legumes, tubers, narcotics and beverages and documentation. (Nidhi Verma (till August 2015),Vandana Tyagi (w.e.f September 2015), SK Yadav, Anitha Pedapati (w.e.f September 2015), SP Singh, SurenderSingh, PC Binda)


Summary: A total of 1,19,025 samples of imported germplasm accessions including trial entries of various crops and theirwild relatives were processed for quarantine clearance. These samples included true seeds, rooted plants, cuttings,rhizomes, suckers, bulbs, nuts and tissue culture plantlets. The infested/ infected samples (2,182) - comprised insects(440), nematodes (248), fungi/ bacteria (431), viruses (94) and weeds (969) including several exotic pests. Of the 2,182infested/ infected/ contaminated samples, 2,019 were salvaged through physico-chemical methods viz., fumigation, hotwater treatment (HWT), X-ray radiography, pesticidal treatment, mechanical cleaning and growing-on test. One hundred andsixty-three samples could not be salvaged and were rejected. A total of 58 samples comprising 19 of Glycine max from CostaRica due to Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV), Grapevine fan leaf virus (GFLV), Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV), Raspberryringspot virus (RpRSV), Tomato black ring virus (TBRV); five of G. max from Canada due to GFLV and TBRV; 34 of Vignaunguiculata from IITA, Nigeria due to Bean pod mottle virus, CLRV, GFLV, Peanut stunt virus and Tomato ring spot virus wererejected. One thousand one hundred and forty-two samples of exotic germplasm of different legume crops imported fromdifferent countries/ sources were grown in post-entry quarantine (PEQ) greenhouses and the harvest of the plants free fromviral symptoms was released to the indenters. A total of 181 samples were processed for export of which 96 infectedsamples were salvaged and seven Phytosanitary Certificates were issued. Quarantine processing of 641 samples ofimported transgenic planting material revealed, fungal infection in maize and cotton; viruses in maize; absence of terminatorgene was ensured and all samples were salvaged prior to release. A total of 18,860 samples were received from Division ofGermplasm Conservation for seed health testing of which 1,262 samples were found infected/ infested with different pests.A total of 3,789 samples were subjected to X-ray radiography and 125 samples were rejected as they could not be salvaged.A total of 128 samples were found infected with nematodes. In addition, 118 cryo-preserved samples were received fromTCCU for seed health testing of which 14 samples were found infected with different fungi and all were salvaged.

3.1 Import Quarantine

3.1.1 Quarantine examination: A total of 1,19,025samples comprising germplasm accessions, nurseries/trial breeding material of various crops including bothtrue seed and vegetative propagules were processed forthe detection of associated exotic insect pests, mites,plant parasitic nematodes, plant pathogens (fungi,bacteria, viruses) and weed seeds by various detectiontechniques. Of the import samples, 2,793 samples wereexposed to X-ray radiography for detection of hidden

infestation of bruchids and chalcids. A total of 2,182samples were found infested/ infected/ contaminated.Of these, 440 samples were found infested with insects/mites including 382 with hidden infestation; 248 samplesinfected with nematodes, 431 infected with fungi/bacteria, 94 with viruses and 969 with weeds. A total of969 samples comprising germplasm accessions,nurseries/ trial breeding material of various crops werefound contaminated with 21 types of weed seeds out ofwhich the following eight are noxious and not yetreported from India.

Fig 3.1. Weed seeds (a) Polygonum arenastrum; (b) Convolvulus erubescens; (c) Avena barbata; (d) Centaureamelitensis;(e) Galium tricornutum; (f) Lithospermum arvense; (g) Phalaris paradoxa; (h) Echium plantagineum

3DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE


3.1.2 Salvaging of infested/ infected/ contaminatedgermplasm: Of the total 2,182 infested/ infected/contaminated samples, 2,019 were salvaged by variousdisinfestation techniques/ treatments like mechanicalcleaning to remove damaged/ abnormal seeds, soil clods,plant debris etc., fumigation with ethylene dichloride-carbon tetrachloride (EDCT) mixture at 320 mg/ litrefor 48 h at 300C under normal air pressure against insectinfestation and hot water treatment (HWT) at 520C for30 minutes for various seed-borne bacterial pathogensand nematodes and X-ray screening for hidden insectinfestation, pesticidal dip/ spray for vegetative propagules.Samples infested with insects/ mites (440) weresalvaged through fumigation (48), X-ray radiography(263) and mechanical cleaning (29); the rice samplesinfected with nematode (193) were salvaged by hot watertreatment and 20 samples of Malus domestica, 23samples of Phoenix dactylifera and 12 samples ofPersea americana were salvaged by root-dip treatmentwith 0.25% formalin for 10 min. Of the total 431 infectedsamples, 268 samples infected with fungi were salvagedby fungicidal seed treatment and ethyl alcohol wash;and a total of 163 samples (60 samples of barley due toUstilago segetum var. hordei from Morocco, twosamples of wheat from Australia due to Tilletia foetida,38 Oryza sativa samples from Brazil, 54 from Chinaand three from USA due to Tilletia barclayana; onesample of Lens culinaris from Australia due toAscochyta lentis; three samples of chilli from USA,one sample each of Brassica oleracea var. capitatafrom Korea and tomato from Tajikistan due to Fusariumsolani) were rejected. A total of 969 samplescontaminated with weed seeds were salvaged bymechanical cleaning.

Prophylactic treatments: A total of 3,080 seed sampleswere subjected to fumigation and 380 vegetativepropagules to pesticidal dip and spray and 18,039 samplesof paddy were given mandatory prophylactic hot watertreatment at 52°C for 30 minutes. In order to preventthe introduction of new strains of tobamoviruses throughseeds, all the introduced germplasm samples of chilli(1,082), tomato (1,048) and tobacco (1) were subjectedto prophylactic seed treatment with 10% tri-sodiumorthophosphate.

3.1.3 Post-entry quarantine: (PEQ) growing innursery/ greenhouses and inspection at indenter’ssite

International nurseries trial material of wheat (193 entries)

from CIMMYT (Mexico), and Barley (501) fromICARDA (Syria) were grown in PEQ nursery atNBPGR and inspected regularly for presence of pestsand disease symptoms.

A total of 937 samples of exotic germplasm comprisingGlycine max (1), Phaseolus vulgaris (8), Pisumsativum (224), Vicia faba (101), Vigna unguiculata(598) and V. unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (5) weregrown in PEQ greenhouses. Also, a total of 205 samplesof exotic G. max germplasm grown in PEQ greenhousesat ICAR-NBPGR RS, Hyderabad were also inspectedfor seed-transmitted viruses. The plants showing virus-like symptoms were tested by electron microscopy,reverse-transcription PCR and using specific antiserumagainst 28 seed-transmitted viruses using enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay. The harvest from only healthyplants of different accessions was released to theindenters. Several viruses were intercepted (Table 3.1).

A total of 9,309 accessions of wheat grown at Karnal;45 of corn grown at IARI, New Delhi; 80 of apple grownat CITH RS, Mukteshwar; 20 of apple grown at CITH,Srinagar; 60 of Citrus grown at CCRI, Nagpur werereleased after joint inspection at ICAR-NBPGR onundertaking and PEQ inspection was undertaken atindenter’s site. Quarantine importance virus Brazilianisolate of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) not reacting toIndian CTV or ICRV (Indian citrus ring spot virus) wasintercepted in two accessions of citrus. The infectedcitrus plants (12) were incinerated and all other plantswere found to be free from quarantine pests. Maizedwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) which is known to occurin India was detected in corn grown in isolation at IARI,New Delhi (Table 3.1).

3.2 Export Quarantine

A total of 181 samples of various crops comprising paddy(118), maize (20) and desiccated cotton leaves (43) wereexported to UK, USA, China, Philippines and Singapore.Two paddy samples were found infested by Rhizoperthadominica and salvaged by EDCT fumigation while 20paddy samples were subjected to prophylactic treatmentwith EDCT fumigation. Thirty one samples of rice foundinfected with A. besseyi were salvaged. A total of 96samples were found infected with fungi and 90 sampleswere salvaged, remaining six samples were rejected.The pathogens detected include Macrophominaphaseolina in Vigna mungo and Tilletia indica inTriticum aestivum and all were salvaged by mechanical


Interception, identification and salvaging of root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans in rootedapple (Malus domestica) saplings imported from The Netherlands

Infected apple saplings Microphotographs of interceptedPratylenchus penetrans. A-C:anterior region showing stylet; D-E:oesophageal region; F: mid body; G-L: female tails; M-P: male tails

Apple saplings grown under greenhouse condi-tions in sterilized forest soil for post-entryquarantine

In January 2015, during the quarantineprocessing, live root lesion nematode wasintercepted in apple (Malus domestica)sapling roots imported from TheNetherlands. The species identified asPratylenchus penetrans, which is apolyphagous root pathogen and has beenrecorded on over 350 hosts mainly intemperate areas in Europe, NorthAmerica, Central and South America,Africa, Asia and Australia and is animportant nematode pest of apple trees.It is a major pathogen of fruit trees andconifer nurseries in many areas andcauses serious losses in apple and cherryorchards. In India, it has been recorded intea plantations, chrysanthemum, potatoand almond; but not on apple tree ornursery, therefore is a quarantine pest inIndia. It has been reported that about 65%of apple orchards are infected with P.penetrans in The Netherlands. Saplings,after examination (washing roots in tapwater), were given root dip treatment in0.25% formaldehyde solution for 10minutes to eliminate root lesionnematodes. After quarantine processing,all saplings were placed in plastic potscontaining steam sterilized forest soilunder greenhouse condition for its post-entry quarantine growing. During post-entry quarantine inspection, all infectedsaplings were found free from P.penetrans. Thus, quarantine inspectionplayed very important role in detection of aserious nematode pest and prevention ofits entry into the country.

cleaning and fungicidal seed treatment. Two samples ofpaddy seeds intended for export to Philippines and USAwere found contaminated with weed seeds viz.,Echinochloa colona, and Echinochloa crus-galli,respectively and both were salvaged by mechanicalcleaning. Seven Phytosanitary Certificates were issued.

3.3 Seed Health Testing for Pest FreeConservation of Indigenously CollectedPlanting Material

A total of 18,860 accessions of indigenously collectedseed materials from the scientists of Division of


Exploration and materials multiplied under the Agro-biodiversity project at various centres were received andprocessed for pest-free conservation. A total of 360samples were found infected with fungi/ bacteria. Ofthese, 70 samples were found infected visually/ understereo-binocular microscope and 290 samples throughblotter test. Out of 360 samples infected with differentpathogenic fungi, only 22 samples were rejected. A totalof 70 samples accessions of indigenously collected seedmaterial and multiplied material at various centres werefound contaminated with 22 types of weed seeds andall these samples were salvaged by mechanical cleaning.The pests detected are given in Table 3.2.

A total 3,789 samples were exposed to X-ray radiographyfor detection of hidden infestation of bruchids and chalcidsand 390 samples were found infested while infestationduring visual inspection was recorded in 358 samples. Atotal 748 samples were found infested by various insect-pests. Out of total 748 infested samples, 645 weresalvaged by X-ray radiography (316), cold treatment (83)and mechanically (246) while 103 samples could not besalvaged hence rejected. A total of 128 samples werefound infested with nematodes. Besides, 26 samples ofdifferent crops were found contaminated with eight typesof weed seeds.

In addition, a total 118 samples of cryo-preservedmaterial were tested of which 67 samples were X-rayedfor detection of hidden infestation of insects. Out ofthese, six samples were found infested. A total of 14accessions were found infected with various fungi andall the infected samples were salvaged before handingover to Cryo-preservation Unit. The pests detected aregiven in Table 3.3.

3.4 Detection of Viruses in In Vitro Cultures ofGermplasm meant for Conservation

A total of 104 samples including Allium sp. (24) andreleased varieties (53) meant for in vitro conservationwere virus-indexed against six viruses viz. CLV, GCLV,IYSV, LYSV, OYDV, and SLV for which commercialantisera kits were available, using DAS-ELISA. Garlicviruses detected by DAS-ELISA include GCLV (52),IYSV (12), LYSV (18), OYDV (14) and SLV (30). Insupportive research, garlic accessions (24) were testedagainst six garlic viruses viz., CLV, GCLV, IYSV, LYSV,OYDV and SLV meant for cryopreservation. Resultindicated that garlic accessions were infected by GCLV(15), IYSV (6), LYSV (14) and OYDV (6) and further

experiments are under way. Two available antisera ofyam procured viz., Dioscoria mosaic virus andDioscoria latent virus will be tested against in vitroconserved yam accessions.

3.5 Supportive Research

3.5.1 Detached non-wounded fruit inoculationtechnique for pathogenicity of Colletotrichum capsicion chilli: Spot inoculation of Colletotrichum capsiciwith 20 μl conidial suspension (3-4 conidia/ μl) in watergelatine (2.0 %) resulted in lesion development ondetached non-wounded fruits of local green and red chilliprocured from local market. The local green chilli fruitsare more prone to infection and showed lesion arearanging from 15x10 mm2 at 4 days after inoculation(DAI), whereas, fruits of local red chilli cultivar showedonly 8x5 mm2 lesion at seven DAI (Fig. 3.2). The sizeof lesions developed on the fruits of green chilli cultivarwas shorter than the red chilli cultivar. The presenttechnique is suitable for virulence analysis of largenumber of isolates of C. capsici with a short period andcould be utilized for screening of chilli genotypes fordisease resistance.

3.5.2 Genetic diversity of Indian and exoticAlternaria padwickii isolates infecting rice: Thegenetic diversity of 38 isolates of Alternaria padwickiiisolated from rice seeds belonging to different climaticzones of India and exotic isolates from Philippines and

Fig 3.2. Fruits of green and red chillies (local) showinginfection of Colletotrichum capsici at 4 DAI (a), 7 DAI (b)and 12 DAI (c), 7 DAI (d), 10 DAI (e) and 14 DAI (f)

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)


Mexico was studied using universal rice primers (URPs)PCR. Out of 13 URPs screened, nine URPs markersgave very good reproducible banding patterns. Thenumber of amplified products ranged from 15 to 25. Totalnumber of bands was recorded 3,066 with average of341. Maximum heterozygosity (Hn) was revealed byURP 2R (0.41) and URP 13R (0.37) and the least byURP 6F (0.31). The least similarity difference (15.7%)observed between DQAP-13 and DQAP-20 isolatescollected from Odisha state i.e. central zone of India.URP based UPGMA analysis of all the isolates wereclassified into six major clusters and sub-clusters i.e.,isolates from Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Odisha asfirst group; New Delhi and exotic isolates fromPhilippines and Mexico as second group, Odisha andTamil Nadu isolates as third group, two isolates of NewDelhi and one isolates of Philippines as fourth group,few Odisha and Philippines isolates grouped as fifth andsixth group. In addition, single isolate from Odishaconstitutes a separate group (Fig. 3.3a and 3.3b).

3.5.3 Phylogenetic evaluation of Alternariapadwickii pathogen infecting Oryza sativa: Thirtyeight isolates of A. padwickii was collected from theinfected rice seeds from different countries like India,Philippines and Mexico. The rDNA region from the 3’end of the 18S and the 5’ end of the 28S genes of allisolates was amplified using PCR conditions with twouniversal primers ITS 5 and ITS4, and the amplified PCRproduct (H” 650 bp) was eluted, purified and sequenced.Sequence results of the Thirty eight isolates of A.padwickii isolates using the ITS sequence revealed 99–100 % identity among the isolates. The phylogenetic tree(Fig. 3.4) showed three distinct clusters of the A.padwickii isolates but there were not many differences.First cluster showed the isolates collected from NewDelhi, second cluster showed exotic isolates collectedfrom Philippines and Mexico as sub cluster, third clustershowed isolates from Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Haryanaand Tamil Nadu.

Fig 3.3. DNA profile generated by primer URP-25F, lane M – 100 bp plus marker (a); Lane 1-38 isolates of A. padwickii(b) Dendrogram based on UPGMA clustering of URP markers among thirty eight A. padwickii isolates.


Fig 3.4. Phylogram generated from UPGMA methodbased internal transcribed spacer regions sequence

data of Alternaria padwickii infecting rice.

3.5.4 Genetic diversity analysis of Colletotrichumcapsici isolates infecting Capsicum annuum inIndia: Genetic variability was detected among 24 isolatesof Colletotrichum capsici isolated from infectedCapsicum annuum seeds collected from differentclimatic zones of India. Out of 15 sequences relatedamplified polymorphism (SRAP) primers screened, 8primers gave good reproducible banding patterns. Thenumber of amplified products ranged from 10 to 23, totalnumber of bands was recorded to be 803 with an averageof 100.38. Maximum heterozygosity (Hn) was revealedby ME2-EM1 primer (0.31) and the lowest by ME1-EM3 (0.19). The highest similarity coefficient (97.3%)was found between two isolates, DQCC-1 and DQCC-2 collected from Jharkhand and the lowest similaritycoefficient (3.9%) between isolates DQCC-12 andDQCC-22 collected from Karnataka and Maharashtra,respectively (Fig. 3.5a and 3.5b).

3.5.5 Phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium speciesinfecting sorghum seeds: Fusarium spp. are toxigenicin nature and contaminates sorghum seeds from diverseclimatic regions. Phylogenetic analysis using partial â-tubulin gene was performed which would be feasiblefor differential detection and subsequent molecularidentification of Fusarium spp. Initially, DNA samplesfrom 35 Fusarium isolates were used for PCRamplification of â-tubulin gene (H”320 bp) fragments(Fig. 3.6a). All the samples were purified and sequenced.Clustal X multiple sequence comparisons of the â-

tubulin gene fragments of all the isolates revealedstretches of high similarity within and among specieslevel. The resulting dendrogram showed that the analyzedâ-tubulin gene region possessed sufficient variability todifferentiate among five Fusarium spp., resulting in aclear, well-structured and species dependent separationof the isolates forming distinct branches (Fig. 3.6b). Thedendrogram revealed a good overall resolution of allanalyzed species resulting either in branches containingonly isolates from one species (Fusarium solani) orbranches grouping between less than two species viz.Fusarium incarnatum - Fusarium equiseti and F.verticillioides - F. proliferatum. The present resultsprovide important phylogenetic information of Fusariumspp. infecting sorghum.

3.5.6 Genetic diversity analysis of Ascochyta rabieiisolates infecting chickpea using URPs : The isolatesof Ascochyta rabiei causing blight in chickpea originatedfrom different parts of northern India were analysed fortheir genetic diversity using universal rice primers(URPs). The 10 URPs gave polymorphic bands in allthe isolates and the size of the amplicons ranged from0.1-2.4 kb. An average polymorphism in the isolates was61.1% but in two primers (URP13R and URP25F) 100%

Fig 3.5. DNA profile generated by primer ME1-EM2, laneM – 100 bp plus marker, a) Lane 1-24 isolates of C.

capsici; b) Dendrogram based on UPGMA clustering ofSRAP markers among twenty four C. capsici isolates


Fig 3.6. Amplification of â-tubulin gene (H”320 bp)fragment of Fusarium species infecting sorghum, a)Lane M – 100 bp DNA marker, lane 1-14 isolates of

different Fusarium spp. and NC is negative control; b)Phylogenetic tree of Fusarium spp. infecting sorghumconstructed based of â-tubulin gene sequences using

UPGMA

polymorphism was obtained. The primer, URP6Rshowed the least polymorphism (28.6%). The primer,URP1F also provided good polymorphism (Fig. 3.7). At65% similarity coefficient, the isolates were grouped intotwo major clusters. The first major cluster had 22 isolateswhereas; the second major cluster had only three isolates

Fig 3.7. DNA profiles generated by marker, URP1F withgenomic DNA of different isolates of Ascochyta rabiei.

Lanes 1- 25 corresponds to isolates AR1-AR25 and M- 1kb DNA ladder (Fermentas)

(Fig. 3.8). The URPs markers proved suitable for geneticdiversity analysis of the pathogen and revealed highgenetic similarity among the isolates of the pathogen.The groups generated by URP analysis did notcorrespond to the geographic origin of the isolates. Infew cases, some affinity was observed in between theisolates originated from the same state.

Fig 3.8. A dendrogram derived from analysis of 10universal rice primers (URPs) for 25 Ascochyta rabieiisolates (AR1-AR25) using UPGMA. The bottom scalerepresents the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient. DL-

Delhi, PB- Punjab, HP- Himachal Pradesh, UK-Uttarakhand, JK- Jammu and Kashmir, RJ- Rajasthan,

UP- Uttar Pradesh and HR- Haryana

3.5.7 Molecular diagnosis of plant pathogenicbacteria in Colocasia esculenta tissue cultureplantlets: A 16S rDNA based PCR technique wasevaluated using universal bacterial primers to detect thebacterial pathogen infected Colocasia esculenta tissueculture plantlets. Six bacterial samples isolated frominfected C. esculenta tissue culture plantlets sampleswere analyzed for 16S rDNA region (Fig. 3.9). Furtheramplified PCR product (H”1400 bp) were purified andsequenced. BLAST results of four samples showed100% sequence identity with Paenibacillus sp. and twosamples identified as Ralstonia solanacearum. Thus,16S rDNA PCR can be used as a valuable test in routinepractice for diagnosis of bacterial pathogens in quarantinelaboratory.

Fig 3.9. Amplification of 16S rDNA PCR for diagnosis ofbacteria infected in Colacasia esculenta tissue cultureplantlets. Lane M indicates 100 bp plus DNA ladder; lane1-4: Paenibacillus sp.; lane 5-6: Ralstonia solancearum

and lane NC: negative control


3.5.8. Development of molecular diagnostics forplant viruses: Reverse-transcription PCR protocol wasdeveloped for detection of Peanut stunt virus (PSV),not reported from India. PSV is known to affect manyleguminous crops and is of quarantine significance forIndia.

3.5.9 Virus-indexing of bulk material imported byDPPQS, MoA&FW: The seed sample of Ocimumbasilicum imported by DPPQS from Germany weregrown in isolation under controlled conditions and theseedlings were tested against Pepino mosaic virus,Broad bean wilt virus and Alfalfa mosaic virus andthe sample was found to be free from the viruses testedby EM and ELISA.

The seed sample of oat imported by PQS, Mundra,Gujarat from Canada were grown in isolation on papertowel under controlled conditions and the seedlings weretested against Pepino mosaic virus, Broad bean wiltvirus and Alfalfa mosaic virus and the sample wasfound to be free from the viruses tested by EM andELISA.

3.5.10 Potential quarantine pests for India intropical and sub-tropical fruits: Information on

Table 3.1. Pests intercepted in the exotic germplasm during 2015

pests of tropical and sub-tropical fruits is beingcompiled and edited on the parameters viz., scientificname of the pest/ synonym(s), order/ family, pathwayof introduction, host range, geographical distribution,economic losses/ physiological variation andphytosanitary risk.

3.5.11 Allelopathic effect of co-germination ofaromatic plant seeds [basil (Ocimum basilicum) andcoriander (Coriandrum sativum)], on germination andearly growth of two intercepted weed seeds [hoary cress(Cardaria draba), scentless mayweed(Tripleurospermum inodorum)] was investigated underlaboratory conditions. Basil and coriander reducedgermination of hoary cress from 13.8 to 27%. On thecontrary, both aromatic plants had stimulatory effect ongermination of scentless mayweed. Coriander decreasedroot length of hoary cress and scentless mayweed for17.5 and 16.5%, respectively. Shoot length of scentlessmayweed was increased in co-germination with botharomatic plants. The obtained results demonstrated thataromatic plants show allelopathic effect towardgermination, root and shoot length and fresh weight ofweeds, both inhibitory and stimulatory. The allelopathiceffect depended on donor and target species.

Pests Host Country

Insects

Bruchus ervi* Lens culinaris LebanonCryptolestis ferrugenius Triticum aestivum MexicoRhizopertha dominica Oryza sativa China, Philippines, Bangladesh

Zea mays Brazil, ThailandHordeum vulgare MoroccoT. aestivum Mexico

Sitophilus oryzae O. sativa Philippines, BangladeshT. aestivum Mexico

Sitophilus zeamais Z. mays ThailandSitotroga cereallela O. sativa China, Bangladesh

T. aestivum MexicoTribolium castaneum Solanum lycopersicum USA

O. sativa China, BangladeshH. vulgare Morocco

Immature stages of bruchids Pisum sativum AustraliaPhaseolus vulgaris USA

Pathogen

Alternaria brassicicola Brassica spp. Korea, USAAlternaria padwicki O. sativa PhilippinesAlternaria radicina Capsicum annum KoreaAscochyta lentis Lens culinaris AustraliaBipolaris hawaiiensis C. annum KoreaBipolaris macropus Brassica spp. The NetherlandsBipolaris oryzae O. sativa Bangladesh, Philippines

C. annum USA


Bipolaris rostrata Capsicum annuum USACucumis sativus MexicoZ. mays Mexico, USAElaeis guineensis MalaysiaAbelmoschus esculentus USATriticum aestivum Mexico

Bipolaris tetramera C. sativus The NetherlandsC. sativa PhilippinesE. guineensis Malaysia

Botryo cynodontis Solanum lycopersicum GuatemalaCephalosporium maydis C. annuum KoreaFusarium oxysporum A. esculentus USAFusarium equiseti A. esculentus USAFusarium moniliforme (=F. verticillioides) Hordeum vulgare Morocco

H. vulgare LebanonBrassica oleracea KoreaCicer arietinum MoroccoC. annuum KoreaC. annuum USAGossypium hirsutum USAC. sativus Mexico, USALens culinaris AustraliaZ. mays Brazil, Mexico, Philippines, Thailand,

USAE. guineensis MalaysiaA. esculentus USAO. sativa Brazil, PhilippinesG. max USAS. lycopersicum Guatemala, The Netherlands, USACitrullus lanatus The NetherlandsTriticum aestivum Australia, Israel, Mexico

Fusarium semitectum A. esculentus USAS. lycopersicum GuatemalaZ. mays USAB. oleracea KoreaC. sativus USAC. annuum USAOryza sativa PhilippinesLinum spp. Canada

Fusarium solani B. oleracea KoreaC. annuum USA

Leptosphaezia crassiaca B. oleracea The NetherlandsMelanospora zamiae A. esculentus, USA

Z. maysNigrospora oryzae O. sativa Brazil

T. aestivum MexicoPhoma sorghina S. lycopersicum Guatemala

O. sativa Brazil, PhilippinesB. oleracea Korea

Pyricularia oryzae O. sativa PhilippinesSclerotinis selerotiolum B. oleracea The NetherlandsTilletia barclayana O. sativa Brazil, China, Philippines, USAVerticillium alboatrum Brassica spp. USA

B. oleracea NetherlandsC. annuum KoreaS. lycopersicum Guatemala

Nematodes

Aphelenchoides besseyi Oryza sativa Brazil, China and PhilippinesPratylenchus penetrans Malus domestica The NetherlandsHelicotylenchus sp.,Tylenchorhynchus sp., Phoenix dactylifera JordanAphelenchus avenae


Meloidogyne sp. Persea americana USAAphelenchus avenae# Lathyrus sativus, Lens Lebanon

culinaris

Hordeum vulgare Morocco

Viruses

Alfalfa mosaic virus Vigna unguiculata Italy, NigeriaArabis mosaic virus Glycine max♠ Costa RicaBean common mosaic virus G. max Costa Rica

V. unguiculata Italy, NigeriaBean common mosaic necrosis virus G. max Costa RicaBroad bean stain virus* G. max Costa RicaBroad bean wilt virus G. max♠ Canada, Costa RicaBean pod mottle virus* V. unguiculata Italy NigeriaBean yellow mosaic virus G. max CanadaCherry leaf roll virus* G. max Costa Rica

V. unguiculata NigeriaCucumber mosaic virus G. max Canada, Costa Rica

V. unguiculata NigeriaGrapevine fan leaf virus G. max♠ Canada, Costa Rica

V. unguiculata♠ NigeriaMaize dwarf mosaic virus Zea mays ColumbiaSoybean mosaic virus G. max Canada

V. unguiculata Italy, NigeriaPea enation mosaic virus* G. max Costa RicaPeanut stunt virus* G. max Canada, Costa Rica

V. unguiculata Italy, NigeriaRaspberry ringspot virus* G. max USA

V. unguiculata PhilippinesSouthern bean mosaic virus G. max♠ Costa RicaTobacco ringspot virus G. max Costa Rica, USATobacco streak virus G. max Costa Rica

V. unguiculata♠ ItalyTomato black ring virus G. max♠ Canada, Costa RicaTomato ringspot virus* G. max Costa Rica

V. unguiculata Italy, Nigeria

Weeds

Raphanus raphanistrum Lens culinaris AustraliaEmex australis, Malva parviflora, Nicotiana sp. Cicer arietinum MoroccoGalium aparine Oryza sativa, Hordeum vulgare, Philippines, Lebanon, Uzbekistan

Lathyrus sativus, L. culinaris,Coriandrum sativum

G. tricornutum* H. vulgare, Lathyrus Lebanon, Uzbekistansativus, Cucumis sativum

Echinochloa crusgalli Oryza sativa Brazil, ChinaHordeum pusilum* L. sativus LebanonBifora testiculata* H. vulgare LebanonIpomoea plebeia* Nigella sativa UzbekistanCichorium intybus, C. spinosum* Trifolium alexandrinum UzbekistanRumex crispus C. sativum UzbekistanFallopia convolvulus* H. vulgare MoroccoPhalaris paradoxa* H. vulgare MoroccoPolygonum arenastrum* H. vulgare MoroccoConvolvulus erubescens* H. vulgare MoroccoAvena barbata* H. vulgare MoroccoCentaurea melitensis* H. vulgare MoroccoLithospermum arvense* H. vulgare MoroccoEchium plantagineum* H. vulgare Morocco

* Pest not yet reported from India♠ Pest present in India but not recorded on the host on which intercepted# Nematode intercepted from soil clods separated from seeds


Table 3.2. Pests detected in material meant for pest free conservation

Pests Host Source/ Collection site

Insects

Acanthoscelides obtectus Phaseolus vulgaris HPBruchus lentis Lens culinaris Rajasthan, New DelhiB. pisorum Pisum sativum HP, RajasthanCallosobruchus cajanus Cajanus cajan AP, Bihar, GujaratC. chinensis C. cajan Odisha

L. culinaris UPV. unguiculata UK, TelenganaCicer arietinum MaharashtraV. radiata Telengana

C. maculatus V. mungo TripuraC. phaseoli V. unguiculata J&KC. theobromae C. cajan New DelhiChalcids Trigonella foenum-graecum RajasthanCryptolestes ferrugenius Triticum aestivum New DelhiImmature stages of bruchid L. culinaris, P. sativum UP, Delhi, UK

C. cajan, V. radiata Telengana, New Delhi, MaharashtraP. sativum, P. vulgaris HPMacrotyloma uniflorum, C. Kerala, Chattisgarh, Odishacajan, V. unguiculataV. mungo New DelhiGossypium hirsutum MaharashtraC. arietinum MaharashtraAbelmoschus esculentus Punjab, Maharashtra

Lasioderma serricorne Trigonella foenum-graecum RajasthanOryzaephilus surinamensis Avena sativa UPPectinophora gossypiella G. hirsutum Punjab, MaharashtraRhizopertha dominica O. sativa Orissa, TN, AP, Tripura

Zea mays Telengana, New DelhiC. arietinum New DelhiHordeum vulgare UK, HaryanaT. aestivum UK, New Delhi, MP

Sitophilus oryzae O. sativa UP, New Delhi, Karnataka, TripuraZ. mays TN, New DelhiT. aestivum MP

S. zeamais Z. mays Mizoram, Telengana, New DelhiSitotroga cereallela Z. mays New Delhi

O. sativa WB, Assam, Telengana, Karnataka,Maharashtra, UP, MP, Meghalaya, CG,AP, UK, New Delhi, Tripura, Odisha

A. sativa Haryana, UPPennisetum glaucum MaharashtraSorghum vulgare Maharashtra, PunjabT. aestivum MP

Spermophagus albofasciatus Hibiscus sabdariffa OrissaA. esculentus New Delhi

Stegobium paniceum C. sativum J& KCapsicum annum Telengana

Tribolium castanium O. sativa APA. sativa TNHelianthus annuus MaharashtraZ. mays New Delhi, TelenganaA. esculentus New DelhiT. foenum-graecum RajasthanT. aestivum MPPapaver somniferum MP


Pathogens

Alternaria brassicicola Brassica juncea RajasthanPapaver somniferum MP

Acremonium strictum Sesamum malabaricum OdishaAlternaria longissima Linum usitatissimum TelanganaA. padwickii Oryza sativa OdishaA. radicina Ricinus communis RajasthanBipolaris bicolor Luffa aegyptiaca Delhi

Sorghum bicolor TelanganaB. cynodontis Eleusine coracana APB. halodes Avena sativa UP

E. coracana APB. longirostrata S. bicolor DelhiB. oryzae Benincasa hispida Delhi

E. coracana OdishaO. sativa Bihar, CG, Delhi, HP, Meghalaya,

Odisha, TN, UK,UP, Telangana, WBSinapis arvensis HaryanaS. bicolor Telangana

B. rostrata A. sativa HPE. coracana APElymus nutans DelhiNicotiana rustica L. GujaratO. sativa Maharashtra, Telangana, WBPennisetum glaucum RajasthanSetaria italica HPS. bicolor Punjab, TelanganaTrigonella foenum-graecum RajasthanVigna mungo Delhi

B. semitectum Triticum aestivum MaharashtraB. sorghicola S. bicolor TelanganaB. sorokiniana E. coracana Delhi

Hordeum vulgare UPMedicago sativa J&KSetaria italica TelanganaSolanum melongena GujaratT. aestivum Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Maharashtra,

UK, UPB. spicifera S. bicolor TelanganaB. tetramera Abelmoschus esculentus Telangana

Linum usitatissimum TelanganaP. glaucum Rajasthan

Botryodiplodia theobromae Corchorus capsularis MaharashtraDecalepis hamiltonii KeralaLens culinaris UPPhaseolus vulgaris Haryana

Cercospora kikichi Glycine max MaharashtraColletotrichum capsici Capsicum annuum Delhi, HP, Karnataka, Telangana, UKC. lindemuthianum G. max MaharashtraC. gloeosporioides C. capsularis Delhi

Leucaena leucocephala A&N IslandsCorynespora cassicola G. max MaharashtraFusarium dimerum O. sativa MeghalayaF. equiseti Vigna radiata MaharashtraF. oxysporum Cajanus cajanifolius Delhi

Helianthus annuus MaharashtraHibiscus sabdariffa WBMedicago sativa J&KP. glaucum RajasthanS. bicolor Telangana


T. aestivum HaryanaVigna mungo Delhi

F. semitectum Cajanus cajan GujaratG. max UttarakhandLens culinaris UPS. bicolor TelanganaV. mungo Maharashtra

F. solani C. cajan Gujarat, MaharashtraE. coracana OdishaG. max KarnatakaL. culinaris UPSolanum melongena TNS. bicolor Telangana

F. verticillioides Benincasa hispida DelhiC. cajan CG, Gujarat, MaharashtraCapsicum annuum HP,Telangana, UKCenchrus ciliaris RajasthanCorchorus capsularis MaharashtraE. coracana AP, OdishaG. max Karnataka, UKGossypium hirsutum Haryana, PunjabHelianthus annuus MaharashtraLathyrus sativus DelhiLuffa aegyptiaca DelhiMacrotyloma uniflorum CGNigella sativa RajasthanOryza sativa Odisha, Telangana, UP, WBP. glaucum RajasthanPhaseolus vulgaris HaryanaPisum sativum Delhi, HPSolanum melongena Kerala, MaharashtraS. bicolor Delhi, TelanganaTrigonella foenum-graecum RajasthanTriticum aestivum Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Maharashtra,

Rajasthan TelanganaV. mungo Delhi, Odisha, TripuraV. radiata TelanganaZea mays Delhi MH, Mizoram, Telangana

Gloecercospora sorghi S. bicolor TelanganaMacrophomina phaseolina L. aegyptiaca Delhi

Trichosanthes anguina DelhiV. mungo Delhi

Myrothecium roridum T. aestivum RajasthanM. verrucaria Carica papaya Maharashtra

Trichosanthes anguina DelhiV. mungo Delhi, Tripura

Nigrospora oryzae O. sativa Maharashtra, WBPhoma sorghina A. sativa UP

B. hispida Delhi, KeralaC. cajanifolius DelhiCucumis sativus MaharashtraDecalepis hamiltonii KeralaEchinocystis lobata MeghalayaE. coracana OdishaLinum usitatissimum OdishaL. aegyptiaca DelhiO. sativa Maharashtra, Odisha, Kerala

Puccinia helianthi H. annuus MaharashtraPyrenochaeta oryzae O. sativa Odisha

B. hispida DelhiO. sativa Odisha

Rhizoctonia solani O. sativa Maharashtra


Scleractinia sclerotiorum O. sativa MaharashtraTillatia barclayana O. sativa Delhi, OdishaUstilaginoidea virens O. sativa AP, Maharashtra, OdishaU. eleusinis E. coracana DelhiVerticillium albo-atrum L. culinaris UP

Solanum melongena KeralaP. sativum HPRicinus communis Rajasthan

Nematodes

Aphelenchoides besseyi O. sativa AP, Bihar, CG, Gujarat, Karnataka,Kerala, Jharkhand, MP, Maharashtra,Odisha, Telangana, TN, Tripura, UK,WB

Aphelenchus avenae Makhan malai grass*, Trigonella J&K, Rajasthanfoenum-graecum **

Weeds

Phalaris minor Triticum aestivum, B. juncea, Rajasthan, UK, UPAvena sativa

Vicia sativa T. aestivum, B. juncea Rajasthan, UKLathyrus aphaca T. aestivum, Lens culinaris Rajasthan, UPEchinichloa colona Oryza sativa, Panicum sp., Jharkhand, Odisha, Kerala,

Eleusine coracana New DelhiEchinichloa crus-galli Sorghum bicolor, O. sativa, Telangana, Jharkhand, Odisha,

Panicum sp, E. coracana, Withania Kerala, UK, New Delhisomnifera

Sorghum halepense S. bicolor Telangana, Kerala, PunjabVicia hirsuta S. bicolor, T. aestivum Telangana, RajasthanDactyloctenum aegyptium S. bicolor, O. sativa Telangana, JharkhandTribulus terristris Cajanus cajan GujaratAvena fatua A. sativa UPA. ludoviciana A. sativa UPRumex crispus A. sativa UPMedicago denticulata A. sativa UPMelilotus indica B. juncea, Hordeum vulgare Rajasthan, UKEmex australis B. tournefortii New DelhiLolium perenne T. aestivum UKM. alba H. vulgare UKChenopodium album H. vulgare UKPolygonum aviculare E. coracana New DelhiMalva parviflora E. coracana New DelhiLathyrus sativus Cajanus cajan APHibiscus canabinus Linum usitatisimum CG

(*From plant debris/soil clods; **from soil clods)

3.6 Externally Funded Projects

3.6.1 National Containment/ Quarantine Facility fortransgenic planting material (DBT): With theapproval of RCGM 641 samples of imported transgenicplanting material comprising Arabidopsis, Cassava,Eucalyptus, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum andZea mays were processed. The transgenes present inthese crops included 35S-SMR5, T-DNA insertion linesin A. thaliana; dsRNA & Gus gene in Cassava; Npt II,cel1 & CBD as selectable marker in Eucalyptus;HaHB4 gene in G. max; BG-II RRF (MON15985 &

COT102 x MON88913) imparting insect resistance &herbicide tolerance and blind samples for proficiencytesting in G. hirsutum; MON00810 x MON00603,TC1507 x NK603 and staked events with cry1A.88,Vip3Aa20 and cry 2A.127 imparting insect resistance& herbicide tolerance in Z. mays.

Seeds of transgenic material were subjected to varioustests in containment for detection of insects, mites,nematodes, bacteria, fungi, viruses and weeds. Importantpests intercepted included, fungus Fusarium poae fromUSA in G. hirsutum, F. moniliforme from USA in Z.


mays. All infected samples of G. hirsutm (2) and Z. mays(6) were salvaged by giving fungicidal treatment withbavistin and thiram. Five seeds each from a total of 199imported samples comprises of transgenic G. hirsutum(10) imported from USA for Monsanto India Ltd. NewDelhi; O. sativa (179) were grown in the containmentfacility for ~ 45 days for detection of seed-transmittedpathogens not detectable in the laboratory tests. On thebasis of observations at regular intervals suspected leaf/soil samples were tested in the laboratory for thepresence of various pests. Thereafter, the plants wereuprooted and disposed of as per biosafety guidelines inthe presence of Institute Biosafety Committee (IBSC)members.

All the imported transgenic lines were tested to ensurethe absence of embryogenesis deactivator gene by PCRwith primers specific to the cre-lox system. Plasmidcloned with cre sequence was used as positive control.In PCR amplification of cre sequence, the amplicon of1031 bp size was amplified only in positive plasmidsample while, no amplicon of corresponding size wasobserved in any of these transgenic samples ensuringthe absence of embryogenesis deactivator gene.

Two post-entry quarantine inspections were undertakenviz. G .hirsutum (1) from USA grown at Monsanto India,Medak District A.P; Zea mays (1) from USA grown atPioneer Overseas Corp., Hyderabad. The crops werevisually inspected for symptoms of pests/ diseases.Suspected infected leaf and soil samples were tested atNBPGR. These were found to be free from exotic fungi,bacteria, nematodes and insect pests.

Maize leaves showing virus-like symptoms duringgrowing in containment facility and PEQ inspection weretested against five viruses using ELISA. The resultsrevealed the presence of Barley stripe mosaicvirus (BSMV), High plains virus (HPV), Maizechlorotic mottle virus (MCMV), Maize dwarf mosaicvirus (MDMV) from the Philippines and Wheat streakmosaic virus (WSMV) from. BSMV, MCMV andWSMV are not known to occur in India, hence, theseare quarantine pests for India.

3.6.2 Efficacy of electron beam irradiation of seedsas a phytosanitary treatment against pulse beetles(BRNS, DAE): The cultures of test insect pests viz.,Callosobruchus chinensis and C. maculatus wereraised on urdbean under the controlled conditions oftemperature (28 ± 1oC) and relative humidity (60 ± 5%).The seeds of different legumes were artificially infested

with their target pest stages viz., egg, early larva, middlelarva, late larva and pupa.

Seeds of urdbean uninfested and infested with differentdevelopmental stages (egg, early larva, late larva, pupa)and adults of pulse beetle C. maculatus were irradiatedwith different doses of gamma rays viz., 25, 50, 100,200, 400, 600 and 800 Gy using Cobalt-60 Gammairradiation facility at Food Technology Division, BhabhaAtomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai. Treatmentefficacy parameters for adults infesting seed as days tomortality, longevity, fecundity of survivors and F1 progenyand for developmental stages infesting seed as rate ofadult emergence and number of adults emerged werestudied. The mean percent adult emergence fromgamma irradiated seeds infested with different stagesof C. maculatus egg, early larva, mid larva, late larvaand pupa were reduced significantly even at the lowestdose of 50 Gy. Egg stage was the most susceptible whilepupal stage was the hardiest. Uninfested irradiated seedsof urdbean tested for physiological parameters viz., seedgermination, shoot length, root length, seedling vigourand vigour index revealed that germination was notaffected by the gamma irradiation doses up to 200 Gy.Almost similar trend was observed for seedling vigourand vigour index. Seed leachate conductivity, a reliableindicator of seed quality deterioration did not exhibitsignificant differences between control and treated seedsat different doses of gama irradiation. Similarly,dehydrogenase enzyme activity as well as lipidperoxidation values did not show any definite relationshipwith the germination potential of the seeds.

3.6.3 Race profiling and diversity analysis ofFusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis causing lentil wiltin India (DST): Analysis of the results revealedsubstantial morphological variability among 235 isolatesof F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis collected from eight statesnamely, MP, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand, CG, Rajasthan, Delhiand Gujarat. Based on the growth rate, the isolates weregrouped into slow (47 isolates), medium (118 isolates)and fast (70 isolates) growing categories. The averagesize of macroconidia varied from 3.0 - 77.5 μm x 1.3 -8.8 μm with 1 to 8 septa/ conidium and the microconidiafrom 1.8 - 22.5 x 0.8 - 8 μm. Considering themorphological parameters, the isolates wee categorizedinto 12 groups. The virulence analysis of 70representative isolates of the pathogen on 10 newlyconstituted differential cultivars namely, PL406, L4076,NDL1, DPL15, L4147, Vipasa, Sehore74-3, LC284-1206/12, JL3, and Vidhohar local, grouped the isolates


into seven races and differential cultivars for each racewere identified.

Further, the genetic diversity analysis using RAPD andURP primers showed high level of variability among the70 representative isolates of the pathogen. At 25 %genetic similarity the isolates were grouped into 8 to 9clusters and the majority of the clusters had the isolatesfrom different states representing various races. Thesub-clusters were partially corresponding to the race/area of origin of the isolates. The gene specific primersITS and TEF1-á provided an amplicon size of ~550 bpand ~750 bp, respectively for all the 70 Fol isolates. Theamplicons are being sequenced for phylogeneticanalysis.

3.6.4 Strengthening capacities of enforcementagencies (plant quarantine and customs officials)for transboundary movement of LMOs underUNEP-GEF supported phase II project on capacitybuilding on biosafety (UNEP-GEF being implementedby MoEF & CC): Four training workshops each of twodays duration for the Customs Officials were organizedat NACEN, Faridabad (October 26-27, 2015); RegionalTraining Institute (RTI), NACEN, Chennai (November16-17, 2015); RTI, NACEN, Mumbai (November 19-20, 2015) and RTI, NACEN, Kolkata (November 26-27, 2015). Two training workshops each of three daysduration for the Plant Quarantine Officials wereorganized on December 8-10, 2015 and December 16-18, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi.

Research Programme (Code: Title, Leader)

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01: Quarantine processing of plant germplasm under exchange and supportive research (SC Dubey)

Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates)

PGR/PQR- BUR-DEL-01.01 Detection and identification of fungi and bacteria in quarantine and supportive research(Baleshwar Singh, SC Dubey, J Akhtar, A Kandan, Pardeep Kumar and Ashok Kumar Maurya)

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.02: Detection and identification of viruses in quarantine and supportive research. (V Celia Chalam,DB Parakh and Ashok Kumar Maurya)

PGR/PQR- BUR-DEL-01.03: Detection and identification of insect and mite pests in quarantine and supportive research(Kavita Gupta, Shashi Bhalla, SP Singh and DS Meena)

PGR/PQR- BUR-DEL-01.04: Detection and identification of nematode pests in quarantine and supportive research (ZKhan and Bharat H Gawade)

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.05: Detection and identification of weeds intercepted in quarantine and supportive research (MCSingh, Madhubala Priyadarshi and DS Meena)

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.06: Quarantine treatments for disinfestation/ disinfection of germplasm under exchange againstdifferent pests and supportive research (SP Singh, Baleshwar Singh, Shashi Bhalla, Kavita Gupta, J Akhtar, AKandan, Bharat H Gawade, Ashok Kumar Maurya and DS Meena)

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.07: Quarantine processing of imported transgenic germplasm and supportive research (ShashiBhalla, Baleshwar Singh, V Celia Chalam, Z Khan, Ashok Kumar Maurya and DS Meena)

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.08: Seed-health testing for conservation of indigenous germplasm free from pests (J Akhtar, SCDubey, Baleshwar Singh, Shashi Bhalla, DB Parakh, V Celia Chalam, Kavita Gupta, MC Singh, SP Singh, Z Khan, AKandan, Bharat H Gawade, Pardeep Kumar, Veena Gupta, Sushil Pandey, Ashok Kumar Maurya, DS Meena andSmita Lenka Jain).

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.09: Detection of viruses in in vitro cultures of germplasm meant for conservation (DB Parakh VCelia Chalam, Sandhya Gupta, and Ashok Kumar Maurya)

PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.10: Molecular based detection, identification and characterization of fungi and bacteria infectingplant genetic resources in quarantine (A Kandan, SC Dubey, J Akhtar, Bharat H Gawade and Pardeep Kumar).

Externally Funded Projects

• National containment/ quarantine facility for transgenic planting material (DBT) Component A (Shashi Bhalla,Baleshwar Singh, V Celia Chalam, Kavita Gupta, Z Khan and A Kandan)

• Exploiting potential of electron beam irradiation as phytosanitary treatment against pulse beetles in seeds ofselected grain legumes (BRNS, DAE) (Shashi Bhalla, Kalyani Srinivasan and TV Prasad)

• Race profiling and diversity analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis causing lentil wilt in India (DST) (SCDubey and J Akhtar)

• Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agencies (Plant Quarantine and Customs Officials) under UNEP-GEFsupported Phase-II Capacity Building Project on Biosafety (Shashi Bhalla, V Celia Chalam)


4.1 Germplasm Evaluation

4.1.1 Characterization and preliminary evaluationfor agro-morphological traits: A total of 9,473accessions comprising wheat (5,192), barley (256),maize (473), cowpea (845), lentil (745), rapeseed-mustard (1,045), linseed (210), brinjal (251), tomato (53),vegetable faba bean (61), faba bean (50), grain amaranth(50), small millets (170), Ocimum (30) and Andrographis(42) were characterized for agro-morphological traitsand promising accessions have been identified(Table 4.1).

Summary: During the period, 9,473 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops were grown at New Delhi for characteriza-tion, evaluation, regeneration and multiplication. Under biotic stresses, okra (725 accessions), black gram (327 acces-sions) and brinjal (504 accessions) were raised for preliminary screening. Ninety accessions comprising of rapeseed-mustard (18), tomato (54) and brinjal (18) were evaluated under advanced screening against major biotic stresses. Inaddition, 916 accessions of various crops were evaluated for their host status to root-knot nematode under pot culture.Under abiotic stresses, 107 accessions comprising of wheat (36), maize (32) and chickpea (39) were evaluated for droughttolerance. Under biochemical evaluation, 1,803 accessions of different crops namely rapeseed-mustard (1,225), linseed(200), wheat (200), maize (38), chickpea (734) and chinopods (10) were analyzed for quality parameters. Under phyto-chemical evaluation, 83 samples of different medicinal and aromatic plants were analyzed for their active compounds. Areference set of 348 wheat accessions for terminal heat tolerance has been grown under late sown conditions for identifi-cation of donors under NICRA project. Under CRP on Agro-biodiversity component- II, a total of 5,964 accessions comprisingof rice (1,000), wheat (1,483), finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (736) and okra (745), were evaluatedat AICRP centres/hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses. Two germplasm Field Days on Rabi oilseeds,pulses and potential crops and wheat and barley were organized to facilitate germplasm utilization. A total of 2,014 acces-sions of various crops were supplied to 56 indenters for their use in crop improvement and 5,480 accessions comprising ofwheat (1,485), rice (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (250), okra (745) and finger millet (1,000) were supplied tovarious cooperating centres for detailed evaluation under CRP.

4DIVISION OF GERMPLASM EVALUATION

Fig 4.1. Accessions characterized and evaluated invarious crop groups

Table 4.1. Promising accessions in different crops for various important traits

Crop Characters Promising accessions

Triticum aestivum Days to heading (< 78) IC138522, IC532014, IC253012, EC534511

Spike length (> 20 cm) IC539315, IC539316

Grains per panicle (> 85) EC575907, IC402013, IC542490

T. durum Days to heading (< 72) EC577799, IC53552 , IC128382

Spike length (> 12.5 cm) IC401978, IC335782, IC416408

Grains per panicle (> 70) IC335620, EC299083, IC28528

T. dicoccum Days to heading (< 82) EC11071, IC335942 IC359682, IC335933

Spike length (> 13.8 cm) EC464003

Grains per panicle (> 60) IC535118, EC464003

Barley No grains/spike (> 70) IC0036969, IC0041576, EC0481700

100 seed wt. (> 8.0g) IC0148377, EC0450887, IC0041585,

Canopy temperature (grain IC0268106, IC0268116, IC0268107, IC0041584,

development stage) (< 20°C) IC0041585, IC0036955

CCI (grain development stage) (> 40) IC0041581, IC0148378


Maize Early maturing (< 80 days) IC280460, IC447806, IC447810, IC447811

Late maturing (> 100 days) EC639149, EC632030, IC325856

Dual types IC331118, IC280165, IC337024, IC525854

Brassica juncea Plant height (< 152 cm) EC347854, IC76642, EC199744

No. of silique on main branch (> 80) EC247855, EC347857, EC333564

Siliqua length (> 5 cm) EC199744

Seeds/siliqua (> 18) EC199744, IC38894, EC206754, IC73221, IC73232,

IC73233, EC206724

High nitrogen use efficiency IC267693, IC275106, IC277700, IC296501, IC3396605,IC339671, IC338494, IC571625

Yellow sarson Plant height (< 90 cm) IC20167, IC22971

Early flowering (< 30 days) IC19222, IC20163, IC22972, IC37368

Siliqua length (> 5 cm) EC333597, IC22971, IC37368, IC73237

Seed/siliqua (> 25) EC333597, EC204233, IC73185, IC73237

Toria Plant height (< 75 cm) IC19950, IC19231

Seeds/siliqua (> 20) IC76685, IC76686

Days to maturity (< 66 days) IC23004, IC23094

Linseed Plant height (dwarf) (< 50 cm) EC718848, IC53266, IC305053, IC96496

No of primary branches (> 20) IC56363, EC1403

Large corolla size (> 20 mm) EC41528, IC305053, EC718851

Lentil Days to flowering (< 69) IC560117, IC560331, IC560332

Maturity (< 117 days) IC560131, IC560036, IC560117, IC560176

Cluster/plant (> 28) IC560182, IC560181, IC559744

Cowpea Early flowering (< 50 days) EC723666, EC723684, EC723690

Early maturity (< 87 days) EC724381, EC723746, EC723797

Erect habit (< 66 cm) EC723894, EC724381

Brinjal Days to 50 % flowering (< 41) EC136509, IC098712, IC136273, EC136200

No. of primary branches (> 16) IC136142, IC136132

Per cent fruit borer infestation IC136380, IC008983-A, IC110949, IC089955

(by number) (< 1.14)

Tomato Days to 50% flowering (< 47) EC608395, EC608381, EC686704

No. of fruit/cluster (> 6) EC686547, EC654725, EC631962

Pericarp thickness (> 5.4 mm) EC611088

TSS (> 8%) EC631962, EC686554, EC686547

Per cent fruit borer infestation EC654725, EC631962, EC686554, IC469700

(by number) (> 15)

Faba bean Plant height (> 106 cm) EC628921, ET3131, ET3103, ET4108

(vegetable) Days to 50% flowering (< 55) EC628941

No. of flower in raceme (> 7) ET 4103, ET5106, EC628966, EC628927

Pod length (> 8.5 cm) ET3103, EC628642, ET2107, ET4108

Pod width (> 14.5 mm) ET2107, ET4107, EC628955, EC628957

In vegetable crops, germplasm with unique traits suchas IC550776 having segmented leaf in sponge gourd (Fig4.2), IC567390 having furrowed fruit (Fig 4.3) andIC539701 having segmented leaf (Fig 4.4) in bottle gourdhave been validated for third year. In rapeseed-mustardsome of the unique traits like smooth stem (IC491410),

broom type silique arrangement (IC355410), erect planttype (IC571661), creamish flower colour (IC337391,IC491648, IC399840), pigmented silique (IC401578) andappressed type silique (IC312541, IC385632) in Brassicagermplasm were observed under CRP programme during2014-15 at different locations.


4.1.2 Screening of germplasm of various crops forresistance against biotic stresses: In preliminaryscreening 725 accessions of okra against yellow veinmosaic virus (YVMV), 504 accessions of brinjal againstfruit and shoot borer (FSB) and 327 accessions ofurdbean against Mungbean yellow mosaic (MYMV)and Urdbean leaf crinkle virus (ULCV) wereevaluated under field conditions. In advanced screeninga total of 90 accessions comprising rapeseed-mustard(18), tomato (54) and brinjal (18) were evaluated againstmajor insect pests and promising accessions wereidentified (Table 4.2). In addition, 916 accessions ofvarious crops viz., lentil (284 accessions), cowpea (139accessions), black gram (174 accessions) green gram(186 accessions), brinjal (75) and okra (58 accessions)

Fig 4.2. Bottlegourd (IC539701 withsegmented leaf characters)

Fig 4.3. Sponge gourd (IC550776 withsegmented leaf characters)

Fig 4.4. Sponge gourd (IC567390 withfurrowed fruit)

were evaluated for their host status to root-knotnematode (RKN), i.e. Meloidogyne incognita underpot culture. Host suitability was determined andobservation were recorded using 1-9 root gall ratingscale, where 1= no gall (highly resistant); 3=1-10 rootgalls per root system (resistant); 5= 11-25 root galls(moderately resistant); 7= 26-100 root galls (susceptible);9= >100 root galls (highly susceptible). Based on twoyears data, three accessions of lentil, two accessionseach of cowpea and black gram, and one accession eachof green gram and brinjal were found resistant. However,none of the okra accession was found as resistant againstM. incognita. The list of resistant accessions is givenin Table 4.2.

Crop (accessions) Pests* Promising accessions Check (values)

Preliminary screening

Okra YVMV EC169380, EC169430, EC169474, EC305654, Pusa Sawani (severityIC033087 (Severity grade < 1) grade = 4 )

Brinjal core set (181) FSB IC099691, IC090981, IC354564, EC305048, Pusa Bindu (57.10%)(< 10% infestation)

Brinjal (323) FSB IC089856, IC089955, EC136200, EC304548, Pusa Uttam (38.1%)EC484650 (< 10% infestation)

Black gram (327) MYMV & IC530602, IC393551, IC393544, IC519912, Barabanki localULCV tolerant IC393554

Advanced screening

Tomato (54) FB EC31959, IC469700, EC654725 Arka Meghali (40.08%)(< 10% infestation)

Rapeseed-mustard (18) Aphid IC570302, IC330543, IC571671 (< 50 mean no. Laxmi (154.75 mean no.of aphids/ top 10 cm inflorescence) of aphids)

Brinjal (18) 2rd year FSB IC112814, EC090811 and EC305048 (< 10%) Pusa Sadabahar (53.31%)Lentil (284) RKN EC255504, EC267689, IC282863 (< 10 galls/ -

root system)Cowpea (139) RKN IC253277, EC528391(< 10 galls/ root system) -Black gram (174) RKN IC8262, KV1377 (< 10 galls/ root system) -Green gram (186) RKN IC212049 (< 10 galls/ root system) -

*YVMV= Yellow vein mosaic virus, FSB = Fruit and shoot borer, FB = Fruit borer, RKN = Root-knot nematode, MYMV= Mungbean yellowmosaic virus, ULCV = Urdbean leaf crinkle virus

Table 4.2. Evaluation of different crop germplasm for biotic stresses


Fig 4.5. Host reaction (gall formation) in susceptible andresistance accessions of lentil

Fig 4.6. Host reaction (gall formation) in susceptible andresistance accessions of black gram

4.1.3 Evaluation for abiotic stress

4.1.3.1 Wheat: Under NICRA project, a reference setof 348 wheat accessions was identified as tolerant/moderately tolerant according to Heat SusceptibilityIndex (HSI) values for yield component traits. Thisreference set was grown under late sown conditionsduring rabi 2014-15 and donors were identified againstterminal heat tolerance based on different componenttraits associated with heat tolerance such as 1000 grainweight (IC138428, IC534941, IC252725 and IC252816etc.); normalized differentiation vegetation index (NDVI)( IC111901, IC542541), harvest index (IC138428,IC401976 etc.), earliness (IC252725, IC252816,IC335712, IC536081) etc.

Wheat germplasm (36 accessions) was evaluated usingmore than 25 morpho-physiological traits under rainoutshelter for second year for drought tolerance andvalidation of promising accessions from previous year(2013-14) was continued. Accessions IC252616 andIC128641 were found to exhibit tolerance in terms ofwater retention parameters such as relative watercontent, excised leaf water loss, cooler canopies andbetter membrane stability. Accession IC28923 (CCI, Chl.Fluorescence (Fv/Fm), yield/plant, effective tillers/plant)and IC36882, IC145527 reported earliness and leafrolling. Accessions IC145527, IC36882, IC28923 andIC252616 were found promising for drought toleranceand can be used in wheat breeding programme forimproving the yield potential under water scarcity.

A total of 16 wheat accessions were evaluated for 21morpho-physiological traits under irrigated and moisture

stress conditions with two level of nitrogen undercontrolled conditions (rainout shelter).Under droughtcondition with adequate level of nitrogen, six accessionsIC445484, IC416055, IC111757, IC416164, IC566223and IC28934 were superior on the basis of normalizeddifferentiation vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyllcontent index (CCI) and accessions IC117812 andIC531938 for early heading and grain filling period.

4.1.3.2 Maize: A set of 32 maize accessions wasscreened for drought tolerance at early vegetative growthstage. On the basis of root dry weight (> 1.02 g), relativewater content, chlorophyll fluorescence (> 0.69),chlorophyll content index (> 20.6), proline content (>35.6 μM g-1 fresh weight) and survival under stresscondition, accessions IC326887, IC327004, IC333085,IC553253, IC553429, EC639149, EC 639189, EC639290and IC594388 performed superior as compared to checksHPQM-1, Pusa Composite-3 and Bio-9637 underdrought stress.

4.1.3.3 Chickpea: A total of 39 wild chickpeaaccessions belonging to five species C. reticulatum (8),C. judaicum (18), C. pinnatifidum (11), C.echinospermum (1), C. yamashitae (1) were evaluatedagainst drought tolerance under controlled condition withresistant check ICC 4958 and susceptible check BG1052. The superior accessions were recorded for traitssuch as early maturity (ILWC 36), seed size (ILWC 46,ILWC 216, ILWC 219, ILWC 233, ILWC 237), podsper plant (ILWC46, ILWC20), canopy temperature andNDVI (ILWC237, ILWC45, ILWC273, ILWC246 andILWC214) etc.


4.1.4 Biochemical evaluation

4.1.4.1 Wheat: A total of 200 accessions were analyzed for hectoliter weight, sedimentation value and glutencontent. The range and value rich accessions are listed in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3. Quality characteristics of wheat germplasm

Parameter Range Average Value rich accessions

Test weight/Hectolitre 60-85 78.52 EC576930 (85), IC464099 (84), IC416098 (84), IC559137 (84),

weight (kg/hl) IC559902 (84), EC534558 (84), IC416067 (84),

Sedimentation value 31-68 46.22 IC401988 (68), IC539323 (64), IC335789 (62), IC252794 (60),

IC536118 (59), IC564154A (59), IC449061 (59)

Gluten content (%) 15.5-47.8 35.29 IC309879 (15.5)

4.1.4.2 Maize: The value rich accessions identified last year were grown in field and were analyzed for fatty acids.Accessions IC251303 (50.13%), EC444523 (49.45%), IC411287 (48.39%) and IC411285 (47.29%) were foundpromising for linoleic acid; EC477374 (46.36%) and IC405283 (45.66%) for oleic acid; and EC477374 (46.36 and39.16%), IC405283 (45.66 and 38.09%) and EC477357 (38.40 and 40.91%) for oleic as well as linoleic acids.

4.1.4.3 Chickpea: A total of 734 accessions of chickpea were analyzed for different biochemical traits (Table 4.4)and 100 accessions of chickpea were selected based on NIRS prediction model for trait specific evaluation andvalidation of prediction results.

4.1.4.4 Rapeseed-mustard: In rapeseed-mustard, 561 accessions were analyzed for oil content (Table 4.5) and214 accessions for fatty acid profile. The details are summarized in Table 4.5 which include value rich accessionsfrom different rapeseed-mustard species. Total glucosinolate content in 450 accessions of Brassica were alsoanalyzed and EC766592, EC766207, EC766597, EC766598, EC766265, EC766178, EC766173, EC766320, EC766296,EC766270, EC766271, EC766136 and IC560726 were found with glucosinolate content less than 30 µ moles/gmdefatted seed meal. Further, EC657049, IC262107 and IC405232 had low glucosinolate content continuously for thesecond year.

Table 4.4. Biochemical traits of chickpea

Trait Range Superior accessions

Ash % 2.96-5.11 IC83572, IC83373, IC83572, IC83350, IC76621Fat % (> 6) 1.73-8.75 IC83819, EC498767, EC528353 A, IC95055,Protein % (> 26 ) 14.1-30.2 IC116373, IC83860, IC116380, IC83721, EC220006Dietary fiber % (> 30) 18.3-41.7 IC83849, IC83387, IC83711, IC83908, IC83370Sugar % (> 6) 4.12-7.39 EC490039, EC223020, EC223519, EC498765Starch % (> 40) 27.2-46.5 EC490013, IC83583, EC490039, EC223519, IC83911,Phytate % 0.28-2.30 (< 0.5) EC489936, EC220104, EC490042, EC267754; (> 2.0) IC83455, IC116356Saponin mg/100g 14.1-276 (< 20) EC267504, EC267293, EC223011, EC223130, EC220104, EC223133,

EC267265, EC267484;(> 200) IC95096, IC95095, IC84017, IC116338, IC116356

Table 4.5. Oil content along with value rich accessions of rapeseed-mustard

Species/accessions Range Check value Value rich accessions

B. juncea (238) 30.03-43.2 Rajat (40.2%) IC122157 (43.2), IC121694 (42.22), IC121669 (42.22)B. rapa var. brown 32.78-44.04 BSH-1 (39%) IC23024 (44.04), IC122457 (43.75), EC333596 (42.67), EC386747sarson (178) (42.65), EC223406 (42.44), IC122534 (42.38), IC122455 (42.38),

IC122600 (42.21), IC122599 (42.08)B. rapa var. toria (132) 27.93-44.02 Bhawani (39%) IC23026 (44.02), IC23019 (43.99), IC22990 (43.52), IC122561

(43.44), IC23103 (43.12), IC20162 (43.86), IC20163 (43.36)B. napus (6) 36.92-40.36 Neelam (38.9) EC302488 (40.36), EC386740 (40.21)


Table 4.6. Fatty acid content in rapeseed-mustard accessions

Fatty acids Range Mean Value rich accessions

Oleic acid 8.34-48.13 15.02 IC279074 (48.13), EC338994 (40.16), EC338995 (39.91), IC399678(26.2), IC313380 (21.56), IC280042 (20.28), EC732035 (20.30), IC399881(19.45), IC332762 (19.12)

Linoleic acid 9.41-26.30 15.09 IC399678 (26.30), IC341108 (22.72), IC560729 (21.93), IC399684 (20.81),IC262107 (20.36), IC597936 (18.05)

Linolenic acid 5.58-16.15 9.81 IC560729 (16.15), IC262089 (16.02), IC330003 (13.84)Eicosenoic acid 2.33-15.4 5.60 EC338995 (15.4), EC339001 (14.64), EC338997 (14.57)Erucic acid 12.03-60.65 49.92 EC694147 (60.65), EC694070 (59.06), EC414287 (58.84), EC414288(58.38),

IC279074 (12.03), IC399684 (16.30), IC399678 (23.87), IC341108 (34.64)

4.1.4.5 Brinjal: Fifty accessions of brinjal werescreened and based on NIRS based prediction, 20diverse accessions were selected for chemical analysis.Results for moisture, total soluble sugar, total phenol,total mineral and total protein were found in goodagreement with predicted values (Table 4.7).

Table 4.7. Biochemical evaluation of brinjal

Trait (%) Range Mean ± std. Superiordev accessions

Protein 0.989-2.10 1.44 ± 0.322 IC136179,IC261793

Phenol 0.094-0.821 0.301 ± 0.221 EC111092Sugar 2.05-4.43 3.45 ± 0.737 IC261793Ash 0.53-1.04 0.739 ± 0.158 EC305048

4.1.4.6 Chenopods: Ten accessions, comprising fiveaccessions each for Chenopod album and C. quinoaalong with commercial check were evaluated forcomplete proximate (g/100g), phenols (mg/g), saponins(mg/g), Fe (mg/100g) and amino acids (g/100 g protein).Comparative assessment revealed that C. album hashigher amount of fat, fiber, phenols, saponins and lowstarch content where as C. quinoa has high iron, lysine,threonine, histidine and arginine. Higher variability wasobserved in C. album and accession IC258253 was foundto contain the highest amount of iron, zinc and allessential amino acids except lysine. Another C. album

accession IC109733 had lysine content higher than meanvalue of C. quinoa (Fig 4.8).

4.1.4.7 Medicinal and aromatic plants: Samples ofabout 83 accessions of different medicinal plants wereevaluated for their quality traits. The range of activecompounds present in major crops along with superioraccessions is given in the Table 4.8. Besides, 38accessions of Andrographis paniculata were alsoevaluated for active compound andrographolide whichranged from 0.66% to 2.94% on dry weight basis.Promising accessions identified for high andrographolidecontent were IC342135, IC471913, IC342134 andIC342141. About 20 accessions of Tinospora cordifoliawere evaluated for quantitative variation in starch contentat varying stem size. Yield of starch was found more instems of medium size diameter (1.5-2.0 cm) as comparedto thin stem samples. The yield of Guduchi satva instem varied from 1.05% to 1.95 % on fresh weight basis.

Twenty five accessions of M. pruriens var. pruriensgermplasm were evaluated for active compound L-dopawhich ranged between 4.91 to 7.09 % on dry weightbasis and 4.72% in M. monosperma. Accessionsidentified with high L-dopa content in M. pruriens var.pruriens were IC599290, IC599336, IC599361,IC599330 and IC599350 after two consecutive years ofchemical evaluation for L-dopa.

4.1.4.8 Validation of high value accessions:Consistently performing high value accessions of lentil,Brassica juncea and cucumber were evaluated overthe years for protein, oil and total carotenoid content,respectively. The protein content of lentil accessionsIC208326 and IC208329 was 27% during 2001 and 2002.These accessions were validated during 2014 and 2015and 28% protein was recorded. One B. juncea accessionIC313380 grown at Issapur and New Delhi recorded oilcontent ranging from 42 to 44% during 2008-09 and2010-11. The result was validated during 2013-14 and2014-15 and oil content ranging from 42 to 43% was

Fig 4.7. Comparative assessment of Chenopod quinoaand C. album


obtained. Cucumber accession IC420405 grown at New Delhi during Kharif 2013 and 2014 gave total carotenoidcontent of 18.5 and 21.5 µg/g f.wt. This accession was validated at IIVR, Varanasi and New Delhi in Kharif 2015and total carotenoid content of 29.2 and 27.5 µg/g f.wt. was obtained.

4.2 Evaluation for use under CRP on Agro-biodiversity-PGR Component II

Under CRP on Agro-biodiversity component- II, a total of 5,964 accessions comprising of rice (1,000), wheat (1,483),finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (736) and okra (745), were evaluated at AICRP centres/hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses. Some of the promising accessions identified for varioustraits are given in the Table 4.9.

Table 4.8. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants germplasm for their active compounds

Plant Name Active compound Range (%) Superior Accessions

Androgrpahis paniculata Andrographolide 0.66 - 2.94 (DWB) IC342135, IC471913, IC342141,

(38 accessions) IC342134

Mucuna pruriens var. pruriens L-3, 4-dihydroxy 4.91 - 7.09 (DWB) IC599290, IC599336, IC599361

(25 accessions) phenylalanine (L-dopa) IC599330, IC599350

Table 4.9. Promising accessions in different crops for various important traits

S.No. Crops Locations Promising accessions

1 Rice DRR, Hyderabad; IGAU, Raipur; Resistant to brown plant hopper: IC216788, IC216737,GBPUAT, Pantnagar; AAU, Titabar ; IC75961, IC75990, IC76013, IC76010, IC76033, IC215054CRRI, Cuttack; VPKAS, Almora; Resistant to gall midge (biotype 1): IC75756, IC75772,PAU, Ludhiana; CRRI, Hazaribagh IC75843, IC75877, IC75855, IC75861

2 Wheat GBPUAT, Pantnagar; DWR, Karnal; Resistant to yellow rust (3 loc.): IC530005, IC530119,IARI RS, Wellington; PAU, IC529894, IC530025, IC128153, Yellow, brown and karnalLudhiana; BHU, Varanasi; bunt resistance (2 loc.): EC177734, EC178071-283,VPKAS, Almora; ARI Pune; UBKV, IC128153, IC128171, IC393923, IC445316, IC445495,Coochbehar IC427140, IC443629, IC443681, IC443759, IC443770,

IC445489Resistant to black, yellow, brown and karnal bunt (2 loc.):IC128153, IC177813, IC178071-319, IC178071-537,IC178071-575, IC178071, IC190919

3 Finger UAS, Bangalore; VPKAS, Almora; Resistant to leaf blast: IC478997, IC479004, IC479078,millet TNAU, Coimbatore; IGAU, IC53743, IC41796, IC41813, IC473410 IC4734111, IC473417,

Jagdalpur; ANGRAU, Vizianagaram; IC473429 Resistance to neck blast: IC479109, IC474662,GBPUAT, Pantnagar IC479056, IC473147, IC473387, IC473290, IC474599,

IC41801, IC474726, IC473168Resistance to finger blast: IC473156, IC479071, IC473147IC474662, IC473369, IC473152, IC479056, IC479109,IC474707, IC474659

4 Rapeseed- PAU, Ludhiana; DRMR, Bharatpur; Tolerant to white rust: EC399296, EC491607, IC01727,mustard GBPUAT, Pantnagar, PAU, RARS IC07128, IC07129, IC07132, IC264131 Tolerant to Alternaria

Bhatinda blight: IC11765, IC10965, IC10976, IC113146, IC1131485 Chickpea JNKV, Jabalpur; RAU, Durgapura; Resistant to pod borer: IC83409, IC116287

UAS Gulbarga; HPKV, Dhaulakuan; Resistant to Ascochyta blight: EC267265, EC267272,PAU, Ludhiana; IIPR, Kanpur; EC267293, EC489910GBPUAT, Pantnagar Resistant to dry root rot: IC95082, IC83703, IC83854, IC83819,

IC116347Resistant to collar rot: EC555195, IC83330, IC83363,Resistant to wilt : IC83330, IC116347, IC267443, IC83791

6 Okra IIHR Bangalore; ICAR-NEH, Resistant to yellow vein mosaic disease: IC042484-B,Shillong; GBPUAT, Pantnagar; PAU, IC116970, IC010256- A Resistant to cercospora leaf spot:Ludhiana; BCKV, Kalyani; IIVR, IC523720Varanasi; MPKV, Rahuri; RAU,Durgapura; NBPGR, New Delhi


4.3 Pre-breeding and Genetic Enhancement

4.3.1 Agro-morphological evaluation andadvancement of F6 crosses of lentil: A total of 205F

6 generation derivative lines of two interspecific crosses

of lentil (ILL 10829 x ILWL 30 and ILL 8006 × ILWL62) were evaluated for agro-morphological traits.Substantial higher variation was observed for many ofthe traits such as plant height, no. of branches/plant, no.of pods/plant, no. of seeds/plant, no. of seeds/pod, seedyield/plant, 100-seed weight and biological yield/plant.

4.3.2 Interspecific crosses in Lens spp: Variouscross combinations were attempted using cultivated lentilvarieties with wild species as donors for various traitssuch as more no. of peduncles/plant (L. culinaris ssp.odemensis, ILWL 116), high no of pods/cluster (L.culinaris ssp. tomentosus, ILWL 305), early flowering(L. ervoides, ILWL 63), high biomass (L. nigricans,ILWL 30 & ILWL 474) and high no. of branches/plant(L. nigricans, ILWL 111).

4.3.3 Preliminary evaluation and wide hybridizationin Vigna spp: A total of 30 accessions of wild Vignaspp comprising of ten species (V. dazelliana, V.haniana, V. radiata var sublobata, V. stipulacea,V. trinervia var bournea, V. vexillata, V. mungo var

Fig 4.8. Phenotypic variability of wild Vigna species

mungo, V. umbellata, V. synthetic (allotetraploid) andV. trilobata) were sown in pots for their agro-morphological characterization and preliminaryevaluation. V. umbellata and V. vexillata has showncomplete resistance for yellow vein mosaic virus(YVMV) and leaf curl virus. V. trilobata, V. synthetic(allotetraploid), V. mungo var. mungo and V. radiatavar sublobata have shown complete resistance to yellowvein mosaic virus and moderately resistance to leaf curlvirus. V. trivervia bournea has shown moderateresistance to both the diseases. V. hainiana and V.daizelliana found to be very susceptible for both thediseases. Crosses were made for introgression ofYVMV and leaf curl virus resistance traits from wildVigna spp to three varieties of Vigna radiata.

4.4 Documentation

A total of 12,704 accessions of various crops werecharacterized and evaluated during rabi 2014-15 atNBPGR, New Delhi (7,719) and its Regional Stationsnamely Akola (800), Bhowali (415), Cuttack (170),Hyderabad (2,270), Shimla (430), Srinagar (300) andThrissur (600). The same was compiled and documentedas “Annual Report on Characterization and Evaluationof Rabi Crops (2014-15)”. Similarly, a total of 4,210accessions were characterized and evaluated during


Kharif 2014 at NBPGR, New Delhi, (1,150) and itsRegional Stations namely, Akola (700), Bhowali (400),Hyderabad (120), Jodhpur (700) Shillong (500), Shimla(600) and Thrissur (40). The same was compiled anddocumented in the form of “Annual Report onCharacterization and Evaluation of Kharif Crops(2014)”. Further, the promising accessions in MLE fordifferent traits were compiled in the form of a catalogue,“Multi-location Evaluation of Wheat (2014-15)”.

4.5 Germplasm Supply

During the period, a total of 2,014 accessions of variouscrops namely, wheat (1,173), maize (192), barley (17),pulses (260), oilseeds (206), vegetable crops (143) andmedicinal and aromatic plants (23) were supplied to 56indenters belonging to ICAR Institutes, SAUs and otherresearch organizations engaged in crop improvement

programmes. In addition, under CRP on Agro-biodiversity PGR management-component II, a total of5,480 accessions comprising of wheat (1,485), rice(1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (250), okra(745) and finger millet (1,000) were supplied to variouscooperating centres for detailed evaluation.

4.6 Active Germplasm Holding in MTS at GED

A total of 28,367 accessions of various crops comprisingcereals (9,707), millets (231), pulses and legumes (7,591),oilseeds (4,790), vegetable crops (4,303), potential crops(1,487), and medicinal and aromatic plants (258) weremaintained in medium term storage. In addition, 131accessions of vetiver, 55 of palmarosa, 22 of Asparagus,25 of giloe, 50 of Aloe and 40 of other medicinal andaromatic plants were maintained in the field genebank.


PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL.01: Characterization, evaluation and documentation of genetic resources of agri-horticultural crops.[Ashok Kumar (up to 5.04.2015), Dr. JC Rana]


PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.01. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of wheat, barley and triticale germplasm[Jyoti Kumari, TP Singh (up to 28.08.2015), Sandeep Kumar, Sundeep Kumar, Vikender Kaur, Ruchi Bansal and YS Rathi]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.02. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of maize germplasm [Ashok Kumar, TP Singh(up to 27.08.2015), Jyoti Kumari, Harender Singh (up to 31.03.2015) and RK Sharma]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.03. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of pulses germplasm [NK Gautam, RakeshBhardwaj, TV Prasad, Ruchi Bansal, Soma Marla (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), Jameel Akhtar (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), Sheelamary(up to 30.11.2015) and Babu Ram]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.04. Characterization, evaluation, and documentation of oilseeds germplasm [Rashmi Yadav,Sandeep Kumar and Vikender Kaur]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.05. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of vegetable and ornamental crop germplasm[KK Gangopadhyay, Rakesh Srivastava, TV Prasad, Ruchi Bansal, P Anitha and BL Meena]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.06. Biochemical evaluation of field and vegetable crops germplasm [Rakesh Bhardwaj, SandeepKumar, Manjusha Verma and Poonam Suneja]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.07. Characterization and evaluation of medicinal and aromatic plants germplasm [Archana PRaina, Ashok Kumar, Rakesh Singh, CS Raghav (up to 18.12.2015) and BS Panwar]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.08. Evaluation for biotic stress tolerance in field and vegetable crops [TV Prasad, Z Khan, RakeshBhardwaj, KK Gangopadhyay and Rakesh Srivastava]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.09. Evaluation for abiotic stress tolerance in field crops germplasm [TP Singh (up to 27.08.2015),Ruchi Bansal (w.e.f. 28.08.2015), Vikender Kaur, Rashmi Yadav, Jyoti Kumari and MC Yadav]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.10. Characterization of wild species and pre-breeding in selected crops [Gayacharan, KKGangopadhyay (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), NK Gautam, Mohar Singh (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), IS Bisht, MK Rana and M Latha (w.e.f.9.07.2015)]

PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.11. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of underutilized crops germplasm [Sheelamary(up to 30.11.2015), BS Phogat, SK Yadav, Hanuman Lal, Archana P Raina and Rakesh Srivastava]


PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.12. Application of statistical techniques in management of information on plant genetic resources[Hanuman Lal]


• Pre-breeding and genetic enhancement for breaking yield barriers in centre and kabuli chickpea [DAC- ICARDA –ICAR, Mohar Singh, IS Bisht, Sheelamary (up to 30.11.2015) and Jyoti Kumari]

• Development of guidelines for the conduct of test for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability [DUS) on grain amaranth,buckwheat and fababean (PPVFRA, Rashmi Yadav, BS Phogat, Rakesh Bhardwaj and JC Rana]

• Establishment of Referral Laboratory for conducting special biochemical tests [PPVFRA, Rakesh Bhardwaj, SandeepKumar and Archana P Raina]


Summary: Eighty-five registered samples and 145 accessions of maize comprising of inbreds, hybrids and compositeswere finger printed with thirty-two and thirty SSRs respectively. Further, 122 samples of arecanut, chickpea, cotton, faba bean,horsegram, mustard, oats, onion, pearl millet, pineapple, rice, sorghum, taramira, urdbean and wheat were DNA fingerprinted. A total of 729 samples including hybrid varieties, aromatic rice, abiotic stress tolerant and early maturing ricevarieties were profiled with thirty six hyper variable SSR markers. Thirty-nine morphologically diverse accessionsof Andrographis paniculata were characterized with 22 SCoT and 19 CBDP primers. A rice mini-core germplasm set (194accns.) for North-Eastern region of India was developed using 50K SNP chip. All India rice core (789) developed based onmorphological markers was characterized with four SSR markers. Twenty-eight promising accessions of wheat werecharacterized using 18 morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits and 26 SSR markers. Thirty-six accessions belongingto four species of Luffa were analyzed with five barcoding loci. Bottle gourd (659) EST-SSRs were transferred to sponge andridge gourd. Unigenes (58,865 ) and putative simple sequence repeats (8,934) were identified in sponge gourd, 2,592 SSRsin bottle gourd assembled transcriptome, and 7,677 of microsatellite containing regions were identified in bitter gourd. QTLsfor number of seeds per 10 spikes, thousand grain weight and seed weight per 10 spikes were identified on 6A chromosomeof wheat. Nineteen salt responsive candidate gene based SSR (cgSSR) markers were validated in rice. Genome-wide 129novel miRNA-based microsatellite markers were developed in rice (Oryza sativa) for genotyping applications. Sixty-nineNBS-LRR genes were identified from bottle gourd transcriptome. Database was developed on genetic and genomic resourcesinformation of Vigna and Phaseolus species. Microsatellite database were developed for medicinal Plants (Tinosporacardifolia and Andrographis paniculata). A total of 350 genomic resources were deposited in the National Genomic ResourcesRepository.

Crop-specific GMO matrices of 199 GM events, comprising 143 GM maize events with 75 genetic elements and 56 cottonevents with 44 genetic elements were developed. Visual LAMP assays targeting three marker genes, phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase (pat), phosphomannose isomerase (pmi), and red fluorescent protein (ds-Red2) developed. Adventitiouspresence of transgenes was monitored in ex-situ collections, comprising of brinjal (65), cotton (50) and okra (50), conservedin the National Genebank, using PCR/real-time PCR assays targeting CaMV35 promoter and nosterminator. Two hundredand seven (207) accessions of imported transgenic lines of Arabidopsis thaliana (16), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (79), Glycinemax (1), Gossypium spp. (20), Mannihot esculenta (50) and Zea mays (41) were tested for the absence.

5DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES

5.1 DNA Fingerprinting

5.1.1 DNA fingerprinting of maize registeredmaterial and inbreds, hybrids and composites:Eighty-five registered samples of maize werefingerprinted with 32 SSR primers. All primers werefound to be polymorphic and each primer resulted in100% polymorphic bands except one primer. The sizeof the bands ranged from 70-500 bp. Substantial diversitywas found in the material. All 85 accessions could bediscriminated from one another. Another study on 145accessions of maize comprising of inbreds, hybrids andcomposites was undertaken. Total genomic DNA wasisolated using CTAB method, purified, quantified andused for PCR analysis using 30 SSR primers. The 30primers generated a total of 221 markers whichdiscriminated all the inbreds, hybrids and compositesunequivocally.

5.1.2 DNA fingerprinting of rice varieties usingSSR markers : DNA fingerprinting was conducted on729 Indian rice varieties which have been released from1940 to 2013. These 729 varieties include hybrid varieties,aromatic rice, abiotic stress tolerant and early maturing

Fig 5.1. SSR profile of 85 maize registered samples

rice varieties. Thirty-six hyper variable SSR markerscovering entire rice genome were used. A total of 112alleles were amplified with an average of 3.11 allelesper locus. The number of alleles amplified per SSRprimers varied from 2 to 5. PIC value for HvSSRprimers ranged from 0.04 to 0.58 with an average of0.29. A model-based program, STRUCTURE, dividedthe varieties into three populations.

Fig 5.2. Model based clustering of Indica rice cultivarsusing SSR markers


5.2 Genetic Diversity Analyses

5.2.1 Profiling of bottle gourd lines with SSRmarkers : Microsatellite amplification products wereseparated in LabChip Microfluidic Gel ElectrophoresisSystem from Caliper Life Sciences (Hopkinton, MA)with 1 K DNA Assay Kit following the company’sprotocol. Genotyping of all 20 bottle gourd accessionswas performed with selected 105 SSR markers. Twentytwo (20.9%) markers showed polymorphism. Ninety outof 105 microsatellite markers produced fragments ofpreferred sizes, whereas the amplification products for15 markers varied from the estimated sizes.

5.2.2 Profiling of bottle gourd with mapped genomicSSR markers and their genetic diversity analyses:Ninety six accessions of bottle gourd were profiled withthe 203 mapped SSR markers that yielded clear bandingprofiles. One hundred one (101) markers were

Fig 5.3. UPGMA dendrogram of the 96 bottle gourdsamples with 203 mapped markers

polymorphic and yielded 495 alleles. The markers yielded1-8 alleles with an average of 2.24 alleles per locus.UPGMA dendrogram was constructed that revealed twoclusters. One cluster had seven accessions and the restformed five sub-clusters in the second cluster.

5.2.3 Genetic diversity analysis in kodo millet(Paspalum scrobiculatum) : Ninety six accessions ofkodo millet from 12 different states of India werecharacterized using 18 ISSR (neutral), 21 SCoT and fiveSRAP (functional) primer sets which generated 202, 212and 40 bands, respectively. Neutral markers wereshowing higher values as compared to functional markersfor the genetic diversity parameters index. Structurebased analysis placed all the accessions into four sub-groups not strictly according their geographical locations.The accessions from Bihar followed by Karnatakashowed high diversity based on both the marker systems.

5.2.4 Genetic diversity analysis in foxtail millet[Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv] : Molecular profilingof 30 accessions of foxtail millet from eight differentregions of Uttarakhand was carried out with 25 genomewide SSR loci which generated a total of 63 alleles withan average of 2.52 alleles per locus. An averageexpected heterozygosity of 0.37±0.2 revealedconsiderable variability and significant geneticdifferentiation among the accessions. UPGMA cluster

Fig 5.4. Structure based sub-groups (Top) in 96accessions of kodo millet, number of sub-groups wasselected at which the ÄK value (Bottom) was highest.

A (Based on ISSR markers) and B (Based on SCoTand SRAP markers). The 1 to 96 labels in the

structure graphics are 96 accessions. Different sub-groups in the Structure are labeled as: Orange bar

(Sub-group I), Red bar (Sub-group II), Green bar (Sub-group III) and Blue bar (Sub-group IV)


Fig 5.5. DNA profiling of different Brassica species withgenic-SSR markers

analysis grouped the 30 foxtail millet accessions into threeclusters.

5.2.5 DNA profiling of different Brassica specieswith genic-SSR markers : Thirty four accessionsbelonging to eight different Brassica species [Brassicajuncea, B. rapa (yellow sarson, brown sarson and toria),B. napus, B. carinata, Eruca sativa, B. hirta, B. nigra,B. tournefortii] were subjected to SSR analyses. Outof fifty genic-SSR markers of B.rapa, twelve were ableto exhibit amplification across the accessions of Brassicaspecies. Diversity among thirty released varieties ofIndian mustard (B. juncea) showed no unique profile indifferentiating varieties.

5.2.6 Molecular characterization of Andrographispaniculata accessions using SCoT and CBDPmarkers : Thirty-nine morphologically diverse accns.of Andrographis paniculata collected over the yearsfrom different agro-ecological regions of India werecharacterized with 22 SCoT and 19 CBDP primers. Atotal of 132 and 97 amplicons were generated, with anaverage of 6.0 and 5.11 amplicons per primer,respectively. PIC values ranged from 0.09 to 0.48 and0.30 to 0.46, with an average value of 0.34 and 0.41 perprimer for SCoT and CBDP markers, respectively. Theresolving power for SCoT and CBDP primers rangedfrom 2.36 to 10.54 and 1.39 to 13.15 per primer,

respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA)showed that the maximum variation (10%) among agro-ecological regions was observed using CBDP primers;whereas, only 2% variation was observed using SCoTmarkers.

5.2.7 Phylogenetic analysis of Indian Luffa sps.using combined analysis of universal barcoding lociviz. ITS, rbcL and psb-trnH spacer : Thirty-sixaccessions belonging to four recognized species of Luffaviz. L. cylindrica, L. acutangula, L. graveolens andL. echinata were analyzed with five barcoding loci (ITS,rbcL, psb-trnHspcer, ycf5 and rpoC) for speciesdelimitation and phylogenetic relationship studies. Threeof the loci (ITS, rbcL and psb-trnH) were able todifferentiate Indian Luffa species. Moreover, in theindividual barcoding analysis, the barcoding locus ITSwas able to differentiate four species distinctly comparedto other barcoding loci. The combined analysis of thesethree barcoding loci was done by pairwise multiplealignment of combined sequences and the geneticdistance was generated based on Jukes-Cantor methodfollowed by generation of phylogenetic tree usingUPGMA. The tree constructed based on combinedanalysis showed branching pattern in line with the treegenerated based on ITS. The accessions of L.acutangula showed high variation in the barcodingsequence compared to L. cylindrica and most of themwere grouped based on their distribution. The North Eastcollection of L. acutangula formed a distinct clade inthe phylogenetic tree. This interpretation may besupported from the morphological studies for theirspecies status, since the L. acutangula is a complexearlier represented by three distinct species (L.hermaphordita, L. amara and L. acutangula).

5.2.8 ITS region sequencing: SNP analysis andDNA barcoding in rice : ITS1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS2were amplified as a single unit from all 48 accessions ofOryza species collected from different states of India.In all cases, PCR yielded single amplicon without anyvisible length variation on the gel amplified from differentaccessions of Oryza species using specially designedprimer ITS-M1. A set of 15 accessions identified based on molecular divergence data of SSR and URP analyseswas used for the DNA sequencing. This selected set of 15accessions was sequenced in both directions using Sangersequencing chemistry with ITS-M1 forward and reverseprimers. The multiple sequence alignment included allthe eight species of AA-genome of the primary genepoolof rice. The full length ITS region varied from 574 to


Fig 5.7. Cluster analysis based on 50K SNP markersused for characterization of 194 accessions of NE

mini-core of rice

577 bp with mean of 576 bp. The GC content was highin ITS region of rice species that varied from 69.57 to70.36% with the mean value of 69.99%. The sequencelength of 5.8S rRNA genes was 164 bp and the genewas conserved with no sequence variation amongst AA-genome species. However, the spacer ITS1 varied from192 to 195 bp with an average of 194 bp, while the lengthof second spacer region (ITS2) ranged from 217 bp(WR-368) to 219 bp (WR-387). The multiple sequencealignment revealed the presence of five variablenucleotide positions in ITS1, wherein, three indels atnucleotide positions 136 (C/-), 143 (G/-) and 193 (A/-),and two base substitutions at nucleotide positions 142(G→C; transversion) and 189 (T→C, transition) werefound. The ITS2 spacer was found to be relatively morevariable. It contains nine variable nucleotide positionswherein two indels at nucleotide positions 384 (C/- inWR-368) and 395 (-/T in WR-387), and seven transitiontype of base substitutions at nucleotide positions 373(A→G), 382 (C→T), 420 (C→T), 440 (T→C), 499(A→G), 517 (A→G) and 544 (A→G) were observed.The numbers of base substitutions per site between ITSregion sequences were analyzed using the MaximumComposite Likelihood model and involved 22 ITS regionsequences. There were a total of 573 positions in the finaldataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted usingMEGA5. The evolutionary divergence between ITS regionsequences varied from 0.002 to 0.007.The geneticrelationships inferred from the nucleotide sequencepolymorphism in the ITS region of different accessionsof Oryza species belonging to AA-genome are depictedin Fig.5.6. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic treeconstructed based on ITS sequence data does not clearlydistinguish different AA-genome species of the genusOryza.

Fig 5.6. Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree inferred fromsequence polymorphism in ITS region of eight Oryza

species of AA-genome

5.2.9 Development of a rice mini-core germplasmset for North-Eastern region of India using 50KSNP chip : A rice core consisting of 701 accessionswas developed from 6,984 accessions of North-Easternregion of India. This core was further characterized with50K SNP chip of rice for development of mini-core.Cluster analysis based on 50K SNP markers grouped194 accessions of core into seven clusters. This analysisshows that the core developed from NE rice collectionis very diverse and has captured maximum diversitypresent in the 6,984 accessions.

5.2.10 Molecular characterization of all India ricecore developed based on morphological markerswith SSR markers : DNA isolation was done for 789rice accessions. Four SSR markers were used tocharacterize 789 rice accessions of the core. Numberof alleles amplified per SSR primers varied from 3 to 4with an average of 3.75 alleles per locus. PIC valueranged from 0.27 for HvSSR02-50 to 0.41 for HvSSR02-01 with an average of 0.35 and gene diversity rangedfrom 0.31 to 0.50 with an average of 0.41. In theUnrooted tree, rice accessions were clustered into sevengroups with maximum sub-groups in group 7.

5.2.11 Molecular analysis of terminal-heat tolerantgenotypes of bread wheat : Twenty-eight promisingaccessions of wheat were characterized using 18


morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits withthree staggered planting dates for terminal heat-stresstolerance. Overall the morpho-physiological characterswere negatively affected and were reduced in most ofthe accessions in very late and extremely late sowingconditions. The 1000-grain weight (TWG), a keycharacter for measuring terminal-heat stress tolerancewas significantly reduced in extreme late conditions insusceptible genotypes. A panel of 26 microsatelliteprimer-pairs was selected for amplification ofmicrosatellite loci located on chromosome 7B and 7D,which also contain genomic regions and QTLs for traitscontributing to heat-stress tolerance. Twenty-six primer-pairs amplified a total of 117 alleles with an average of4.5 alleles per microsatellite locus. The Dice coefficientof genetic similarity varied from 0.40 to 0.91 with anaverage of 0.58. The highest similarity coefficient wasobtained between HDR-77 and PBW-343 (0.91similarity), whereas the lowest similarity was foundbetween the accessions Raj-3765 and DI-717 (0.40similarity). UPGMA dendrogram grouped all thegenotypes in many clusters, which clearly distinguishedall the genotypes of bread wheat. Moderate level of DNApolymorphism was observed using 26 microsatellite lociin wheat genome.

5.3 Generation and Validation of New Markers

5.3.1 Generation and validation of new markers infinger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.)through Transcriptome profiling : A total of 1,07,323transcripts were obtained after assembly of leaftranscriptome data of PR 202 and GPU 28 varieties offinger millet and 56,404 unigenes were discovered. Atotal of 12,510 repeat containing sequences wereidentified in these unigenes and finally 3,883 EST-SSR

Fig 5.9. Validation of finger millet EST-SSR locigenerated through transcriptome profiling, encircled

bands show polymorphic EST-SSR loci

5.3.2 Transcriptome sequencing, markergeneration and validation in little millet (Panicumsumatrense) : Little millet is a drought, salt tolerant andphytochemicals- rich potential crop. In view of itsimportance and meager availability of genomic resourcesin this crop, transcriptome sequencing of leaf tissue ofthe variety OLM-203 was carried out and 3,84,34,248processed paired end reads were generated andassembled into more than 20,000 unigenes with anaverage length of 904 bp and N50 value of 1,176. Amongthe unigenes, 2,123 repeat containing sequences wereidentified and finally 1,305 non-redundant EST-SSRprimer pairs containing di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- andcompound repeats were designed. A subset of 360 EST-SSR primer pairs were designed, of which 274 amplifiedbands in the expected size range and 86 showed bandseither in lower or higher size range. Bioproject on theabove mentioned Panicum sumatrense leaftranscriptome data is available on NCBI.

5.3.3 Cross-transferability of bottle gourdtranscriptome SSR markers in sponge and ridgegourd : Eight hundred and one (801) bottle gourd SSRmarkers developed through transcriptome data weretested for amplification in sponge and ridge gourd formarker development. Six hundred and fifty nine (659)were transferred to the two species. Further validationis in progress.

Fig 5.8. Molecular profiles of 24 accessions of wheatwith microsatellite locus wmc606 (above) and

wmc323 (below)

primer pairs flanking these repeat containing sequenceswere designed. A subset of 631 EST-SSR primer pairswere synthesized and validated in two varieties of fingermillet, and 432 SSR primer pairs were showingamplification at the same PCR temperature conditions.A Bioproject on the above mentioned leaf transcriptomedata of Eleusine coracana (BioProject ID:PRJNA268401) is available on NCBI.


5.3.4 Generation of genomic resources in Luffacylindrica : A dataset composed of 58,865 unigenesderived from the sponge gourd transcriptome wasassembled. Based on these generated sequences, 8,934putative simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identifiedout of which 191 perfect SSR primers of more than 20repeats were synthesized and validated in twoToLCNDV resistant (DSG-6) and susceptible lines(PusaSneha) of sponge gourd. These transcriptomeassembly sequences and EST-SSR data are of greatvalue for the discovery of novel genes involved inToLCNDV resistance and for marker-assisted selectionin sponge gourd.

5.3.5 Generation of SSR markers from bottle gourdunigenes and their validation : De novotranscriptome assembly of bottle gourd leaf tissueresulted in a total of 19,594 transcript contigs with N50of 1,608. SSRs were identified with the MISA, SSRidentification pipeline and a total of 2,592 SSRs wereidentified in the bottle gourd assembled transcriptome.

Chromosome 6AFig 5.10. Based on HSI values, QTLs for number of

seeds per 10 spikes, thousand grain weight and seedweight per 10 spikes (based on phenotypic values indifferent years and mean value) were identified on 6Ain the marker interval of Gwm 169 (117.19) and Wmc368 (121.3) and Wmc398 (121.3) &Wmc 417 (128.82)

Out of these 801 non-redundant perfect SSRs weresynthesized and validated in two bottle gourd lines.

5.3.6 Mining of EST-SSRs from bitter gourd(Momordica charantia) : Bitter gourd is a vegetablecrop of neutraceutical importance. India is the center ofdiversity for bitter gourd and diverse germplasm as wellas wild species are found in the country. In order tostrengthen the genetic characterization and breedingprogrammes, the transcriptome of an elite genotype hadbeen sequenced with the objective of mining EST-SSRsin bitter gourd. A total of 7,677 of microsatellitecontaining regions were identified using MISA. Thesecomprised of 551 compound and 6,706 simple repeatsof which 1,152, 2,359, 205, 23 and 2,915 were di-,tri-,tetra-, penta- and hexanucleotide repeats, respectively.

5.3.7 Mapping and validation of QTLs forcomponent traits associated with terminal heattolerance in wheat : Inter-varietal mapping populationi.e., recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from across between ‘Dharwad Dry’ (a terminal heat tolerantcultivar) and ‘HUW-468’ (a terminal heat susceptiblecultivar) was used for the identification of QTLscontrolling agronomic and physiological traits under heatstress regime.

5.3.8 Identification and analysis of novel saltresponsive candidate gene based SSRs from rice(Oryza sativa L.) : Based on the comprehensiveliterature survey, 220 different salt responsive geneswere selected in rice. Out of them, 106 genes were foundto contain 180 microsatellite loci with, tri-nucleotidemotifs (56%) being most abundant, followed by di-(41%)and tetra nucleotide (2.8%) motifs. Maximum loci werefound in the coding sequences (37.2%), followed by in52 UTR (26%), intron (21.6%) and 32 UTR (15%). Forvalidation, 19 primer sets were evaluated to detectpolymorphism in diversity analysis among the two panelsconsisting of 17 salt tolerant and 17 susceptible ricegenotypes. Except one, all primer sets exhibitedpolymorphic nature with an average of 21.8 alleles/primer and with a mean PIC value of 0.28. Calculatedgenetic similarity among genotypes was ranged from19%-89%. The generated dendrogram showed threeclusters of which one contained entire 17 susceptiblegenotypes and another two clusters contained all tolerantgenotypes. The present study represented the potentialof salt responsive candidate gene based SSR (cgSSR)markers to be utilized as novel and remarkable candidatefor diversity analysis among rice genotypes differing insalinity response.


5.3.9 Genome-wide development of novel miRNA-based microsatellite markers of rice (Oryza sativa)for genotyping applications : A genome-wideinvestigation yielded a total of 129 SSR markers fromthe conserved microRNA (miRNA) genes of rice, and20 of them with repeat numbers > 7, from all the 12chromosomes, were validated among 24 diverse ricegenotypes. The highest number of repeat motifscorresponded to di-nucleotides, while the tetra-nucleotides were repeated the lowest number of times.This result, therefore, showed that the number of repeatsis inversely related to the length of repeat. The resultsshowed that the miRNA-based microsatellite markersystem is a very proficient, novel and breeder-friendlysource for genetic diversity analysis or genotypingof rice.

5.4 Genomic Resources Generation,Conservation and Validation

5.4.1 Mining of NBS-LRR gene family from bottlegourd transcriptome data : In silico analysis of bottlegourd transcriptome identified 105 NBS-LRR genes inthe species. To check the redundancy, 105 sequenceswere further analysed and as a result 69 non-redundantsequences were identified. The putative 69 sequenceswere further confirmed for NBS domain and a repertoireof NBS-LRR genes was developed, which can be usedin not only dissecting the molecular basis of diseaseresistance phenotype but also in developing diseaseresistant genotypes in the crop through transgenic ormolecular breeding approaches.

5.4.2 Amplification of NBS-LLR genes in Brassicajuncea : An approximately 530 bp putative fragment ofNBS domain was amplified in Brassica juncea usingdegenerate primer set from P-loop and GLPL conserveddomains of NBS-LLR gene family. The genomic DNAof B. juncea was used as template for amplification.The fragment was cloned into pGEM-T vector(Promega).

5.4.3 Nutritionally important fatty acid biosyntheticgenes in Brassica : In India, vegetable oil derived fromseeds of Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) contributesdominantly towards cooking oil supply for humanconsumption. Although success in developing near zero(less than 2%) erucic acid lines in Indian mustard throughintrogression of FAE1 allele from ZEM1 mustard variety(Australian near zero erucic acid B.juncea variety) hasbeen achieved recently. However, further effort is

needed towards developing Indian mustard varieties fordesirable fatty acid composition for specific end-usages.In this direction, several FAE1 genes have been cloned(NCBI accession no: KP074949-KP074963) fromreleased varieties to understand the relationship of allelicfeature with that of associated trait. Likewise, FAD2gene was also cloned from the same released Indianmustard varieties with objectives similar to those appliedto FAE1. However, the molecular analyses of clonedgenes didn’t reveal any significant differences amongthe alleles of FAE1/FAD2 of different varieties.

5.4.4 Identification and characterization ofchloroplastic glutamine synthetase gene in littlemillet : A putative chloroplastic isoform of glutaminesynthetase gene (GS-2) was identified from little millet(Panicum sumatrens Roth) transcriptome data. In orderto describe the phylogenetic relationship of Panicumsumatrens chloroplastic isoform of glutamine synthetasegene (PsGS-2) with Poaceae family, a neighbour-joiningtree was constructed using 1000 replicates of bootstrapvalue. The phylogenetic analysis of GS-2 of Poaceaefamily along with PsGS-2 gene revealed two majorgroups in the tree. Consequentely, the PsGS-2 exhibitsclose proximity with Seteria italica GS-2 gene.

5.4.5 Discovery of miRNAs from extremehalophyte, Oryza coarctata, a wild relative of rice :Oryza coarctata, a halophyte and wild relative of rice,is grown normally in saline water. In this study, two smallRNA libraries, one each from the control and salt-treated(450 mMNaCl for 24 h) leaves of O. coarctata weresequenced, which yielded 338 known and 95 novelmiRNAs. Additionally, we used publicly availabletranscriptomics data of O. coarctata which led to thediscovery of additional 48 conserved miRNAs along withtheir pre-miRNA sequences through in silico analysis.In total, 36 known and 7 novel miRNAs were up-regulated whereas, 12 known and 7 novel miRNAs weredown-regulated under salinity stress. Further, 233 and154 target genes were predicted for 48 known and 14novel differentially regulated miRNAs, respectively.These targets with the help of gene ontology analysiswere found to be involved in several important biologicalprocesses that could be involved in salinity tolerance.Expression of most of the target genes was negativelycorrelated with their corresponding miRNAs. Thus, thepresent study provides an account of miRNA-targetnetworking that is involved in salinity adaption of O.coarctata.


Fig 5.11. Phylogenetic relationship of chloroplasticisoform of glutamine synthetase gene (GS-2) of littlemillet (Panicum sumatrens) with Poaceae family. The

values on lines indicate the confidence level ofclustering. The little millet Chloroplastic glutaminesynthetase is highlighted with color. The GenBank

accession numbers are indicated in brackets.Abbreviations in the tree are as follows: At (Aegilopstriuncialis); Tu (Triticum urartu); Ta (T. aestivum); Sc

(Sugarcane); Hv (Hordeum vulgare); Bd(Brachypodium distachyon); Ob (Oryza brachyantha);

Os (O. sativa); Pa (Phragmites australis); Zm (Zeamays); Si (Setaria italica); Ps (Panicum sumatrens)

5.4.6 Promoter methylation of miRNA gene effectssalinity adaptation in rice as demonstrated in osa-miR393a : The behavior of salt responsive osa-miR393aand its target gene (TIR1, LOC_Os05g05800) in salt-tolerant (FL478) and salt-sensitive (IR29) rice genotypeswas studied. It was found that the mature and precursorsequences of osa-miR393a as well as its cleavage sitein TIR1 were conserved among salt tolerant andsensitive genotypes. Promoters of different saltresponsive miRNAs were also found to be less variablebetween salt-tolerant and salt-susceptible genotypes.Analysis of gene expression, promoter methylation, andcis-element abundance showed that osa-miR393abehaves differently in FL478 and IR29. Salt stress alteredthe expression pattern of osamiR393a-TIR1 module ina time-dependent manner in the roots and shoots of twogenotypes. Promoter methylation of this regulatorymodule was also altered at different time points undersalt stress. Expression analysis in two genotypesindicated the overall down-regulation of osa-miR393aand upregulation of TIR1 in FL478 and their reciprocalregulation in IR29. The expression results werecomplemented by the differential promoter methylationand cis-element abundance of this regulatory module.

Together, the results of transcript abundance andpromoter methylation of osa-miR393a-TIR1 modulesignified the association between these two processeswhich is reported for the first time in plants to the bestof our knowledge.

5.4.7 Differentially expressed genes of brinjalfruits: Fruit transcriptome of two contrasting brinjalcultivars, one an endemic landrace and the other animproved variety, were compared. The experimentallayout involved comparative analyses of three datasets.RNA-Seq read datasets from Illumina sequencing ofthree samples of brinjal (i) Control (ii) Landrace and(iii) Improved variety were analysed for expressionanalysis. Two methods were used to complete thetranscriptome data analysis; (i) De novo assemblymethod using CLC Genomics workbench 7.5 and (ii)Reference genome based assembly using an opensource toolset. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)genome sequence data, with ~900 Mb size having 31,063predicted genes across 12 chromosomes, were used asreference.

5.4.8 Identification of Calcium Dependent ProteinKinase (CDPK) gene family in pigeonpea : PlantCDPKs are known to regulate development, as well asfor generating responses to biotic and abiotic stressconditions. A calcium dependent protein kinase (CDPK)family has been identified in pigeonpea. The identifiedCcCDPK family comprised 23 members which areclassified in four groups. All the CcCDPKs were namedfollowing orthologous nomenclature with reference tomodel plant Arabidopsis thaliana. A detailed searchin EST database has shown presence of severalCcCDPK ESTs from leaf and root tissue of pigeonpea.ESTs of CcCDPKs were also observed in Fusarium wiltchallenged root tissue of pigeonpea genotypeICPL20102, suggesting its possible role in generatingresponse against Fusarium wilt in pigeonpea. A detailedcharacterization of CcCDPK has been performed.Phylogenetic tree depicting evolutionary relationshipsbetween CDPKs of pigeonpea CDPKs withArabidopsis is shown in Fig. 5.12. Further expressionlevels of CcCDPKs in two pigeonpea varieties (Ashaand Upas120) have been studied by making use ofpublically available resources (SRA data) using CLC

Brinjal RNA SEQ ANALYSIS # Contigs Blast Hits Annotated genes Differentially Genes Expressed

De novo* Ref genome

Control/fruit 125,502 75,907 (60%) 36,970 (30%) 937 165

Landrace/improved variety 59,598 39,693 (67%) 12,361 (21%) 136 44


Fig 5.13. Databases on taxonomy, genetic and genomicresources of all species of genera Vigna and Phaseolus

genomics workbench at HPC facility, NBPGR.Heatmapwas also generated showing an expression ofCDPK genes in pigeonpea variety Asha and Upas120.

mutant protein (Ala297Thr) shows significant alterationat different pH.

5.4.10 Classification, cataloguing and analysis offunctional and regulatory genes involved in stressresponse in Viridiplantae : In order to identify genesinvolved in stress tolerance mechanism in crop plants,stress responsive genes were retrieved through literaturesearch and from different databases, particularlyArabidopsis and rice. Prioritizing the crops, we selectedsesame (Sesamum indicum), green gram (Vignaradiata) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica). The genomedata of the selected crops was downloaded and minedfor stress responsive transcription factors (putativeorthologs) by creating standalone databases and theobtained results were manually curated. Finally, insesame, 12, 34 and 32 different families for transcriptionfactor have been identified for drought, cold and salinitystress, respectively. Similarly in foxtail millet for drought(12 families), cold (34 families), salinity (32 families);and in green gram for drought (12 families), for cold (33families) and for salinity (32 families) stress responsivetranscription factors have been identified.

Linking genetic and genomic resourcesinformation of Vigna and Phaseolus species :Databases were developed on taxonomy, geneticresources (genebank and accession ID) and genomicresources (nucleotide, EST and protein) of all speciesof genera Vigna and Phaseolus. An interactive portal(beta stage) has been made available atwww.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/cwr.

5.4.9 Identification of non-synonymous SNPs(nsSNP) in pigeonpea : Non-synonymous SNPs(nsSNP) identified in pigeonpea have been crossvalidated using publically available resources and theireffect on structural and functional aspects of proteinsstudied. 3-D structure of proteins was constructed usinghomology modelling approaches using modeller 9.15.Effect of nsSNP induced SAP (Single Amino acidPolymorphism) on protein stability was studied bycalculating the mutation energy using discovery studio.SAP and its impact on protein folding were studied inrelation with different pH gradient. These two indiceswould help ascertaining effectiveness of single mutationof functional aspects of protein. A representative studyof identified nsSNP in S-adenosyl methionine synthetasegenes from pigeonpea have been shown here. S-adenosyl methionine synthetase is involved in synthesisof co-substrate (S-Adenosyl methionine) and isconsidered the rate-limiting step of the methionine cycle.nsSNP in S-adenosyl methionine synthetase gene leadsto replacement of amino acid alanine (non-polar) withthreonine (polar) at 297th position. Mutation energycalculated using discovery studio showed that themutation would make the protein unstable and thus likelyaffect its function. Folding energy of the wild type and

Fig 5.12. Evolutionary relationship of pigeonpea CDPKswith Arabidopsis

5.4.11 Microsatellite database development formedicinal plants (Tinospora cardifolia andAndrographis paniculata) : Gene-based SSR’s (EST-SSR) application in understanding gene regulation andgenome evolution is being extensively studied.Considering SSR’s wide application, we have developedTinoTranscriptDB and ApTranscriptDB (Fig 5.14 &


Fig 5.15. Database of microsatellites generated fromentire transcriptome (Ando TranscriptDB)

Fig 5.16. PCR profile for pentaplex PCR assaysimultaneously targeting four transgenic elements,namely, P-35S, T-nos, nptII, pat and an endogenous

Sad1genefor screening of GM events in cotton

5.15); both are user-friendly web based relationaldatabase of microsatellites generated from entiretranscriptome.

elements and 56 cotton events with 44 genetic elements,were developed. As per the compiled information in thematrix, frequently present genetic elements wereidentified using GMOSeek algorithm. Based on the cost-efficiency, feasibility of plexing and coverage of GMevents, multiplex PCR based screening assays (tetraplexPCR for maize and pentaplex for cotton) weredeveloped.The reported multiplex PCR assays couldefficiently screen 95% of maize and 93% of cottonevents approved globally. The developed GMO matricesin combination with multiplex PCR could facilitatechecking the GM status of seed samples, monitoring forpresence of authorized GMOs supply chain, and thisapproach can be easily employed by low resource GMtesting laboratories in the developing countries.

5.6.2 GMO screening technology based on visualloop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) :Visual LAMP assays targeting three marker genes,phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase (pat),phosphomannose isomerase (pmi), andred fluorescentprotein (ds-Red2) were developed. On visual LAMP,the positive samples turned green on addition of SYBRGreen 1, whereas, negative samples remained orange.

Fig 5.14. Database of microsatellites generated fromentire transcriptome (TinoTranscriptDB)

5.5 National Genomic Resources Repository

A total of 4,552 genomic accessions are added to thedatabase (including accessions deposited from Jan. toDec., 2015) representing 21 crops (bottle guard,Brassica, brinjal, capsicum, chickpea, cotton, lentil, maize,pea, pearl millet, pigeon pea, rice, safflower, sorghum,soybean, tomato, Vigna and wheat). A total of 187genomic resources from the above listed collection weresubmitted to Tissue Culture and Cryo Preservation Unitfor cryo-conservation.

5.6 Marker Development for GM Detection

5.6.1 Crop-specific GMO matrices for screeningof globally commercialized GM cotton and maizeevents : Crop-specific GMO matrices of 199 GMevents, comprising 143 GM maize events with 75 genetic

Fig 5.17. Visual LAMP assays for detection of pmimarker gene. Green color indicates positive samples


Visual LAMP assay for pmi and ds-Red2 genes havebeen developed for the first time.

5.6.3 Monitoring adventitious presence oftransgenes in the in-situ/ex-situ collections ofbrinjal, cotton and okra : Adventitious presence oftransgenes was monitored in ex-situ collections,comprising 65 accessions of brinjal, 50 accessions ofcotton, 50 accessions of okra, conserved in the NationalGenebank using PCR/real-time PCR assays targetingCaMV35 promoter and nos terminator (Fig. 5.18). Thesesamples were collected from the states where field trialsof GM events of these crops was conducted. Prior toconducting these experiments, DNA of all test sampleswas checked for ensuring absence of PCR inhibitorswith respective endogenous gene specific markerstargeting â-fructosidase gene in brinjal, Sad1 gene incotton and chloroplast tRNA gene in okra.

None of the samples detected presence of transgenes.

5.6.4 PCR-based testing of imported transgenicplanting material : Two hundred and seven (207)accessions of imported transgenic lines of Arabidopsisthaliana (16), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (79), Glycinemax (1), Gossypium spp. (20), Mannihot esculenta (50)and Zea mays (41) were tested for the absence of

Fig 5.18. PCR and real-time PCR profiles for monitoringadventitious presence of transgenes in ex-situ okra

collections using nosterminator specific assays

Programme (Code: Title and Programme Leader

PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.00 Development of genomic tools for identification, protection and enhanced utilization of PGRs[KV Bhat]


PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.01 Development of genomic tools for discovery and validation of genes of economic importancefor enhancing the use of plant genetic resources of pulses, oilseeds and fibre crops [Rajesh Kumar, KV Bhat, JRadhamani, JK Yasin, DP Wankhede, Chet Ram and Rashmi Yadav]

PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.02 Development of genomic tools for enhanced utilization of cereals [Rakesh Singh, TK Mondal,Sundeep Kumar, MC Yadav, AK Singh, R Parimalan (on deputation w.e.f. 23.6.2014) and Sheel Yadav]

PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.03 Development of genomic tools for enhanced utilization of millets [Lalit Arya, Chet Ramand AKTrivedi (20.07.2015)]

PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.04 Development of genomic tools for enhanced utilization of horticultural crops [AB Gaikwad, SArchak, K Joseph John, Diksha Gautam, KS Negi and M Verma]

PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.05 Development of genomic tools for species delineation and genetic erosion studies in selectedcrops [MC Yadav, S Rajkumar, S Marla, J Radhamani, DR Pani, N Dixit, M Latha and Somnath Roy]

PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.06 Establishment and maintenance of national genomic resources repository and bioinformaticsfacility [S Marla, KV Bhat, GJ Randhwa, MC Yadav, MK Rana, Lalit Arya, M Verma, TK Mondal, Sundeep Kumar, SRajkumar, Rajesh Kumar, Rakesh Singh, AK Singh, JK Yasin, R Parimalan (on deputation w.e.f. 23.6.2014), SheelYadav, DP Wankhede, Monika Singh and Rekha Chaudhury]

PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.07 Development of DNA based diagnostics for transgene detection and impact analyses of GMcrops on plant biodiversity [GJ Randhawa, Monika Singh and Sushmita (w.e.f. 9.04.2015)]

embryogenesis deactivator gene employing primersspecific for cre recombinase gene. None of these linesshowed the presence of terminator gene technology. All207 imported accessions were also tested for presenceof specific transgene/promoter/ terminator/marker geneusing qualitative/quantitative PCR assays.


PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.08 Development of unique identity system for cultivars and genetic stocks for IPR protection [MKRana, KV Bhat, R Parimalan (on deputation w.e.f. 23.6.2014), Rakesh Singh, AB Gaikwad, TK Mondal, AK Singh, SRajkumar, Rajesh Kumar, Sheel Yadav and DP Wankhede]


• Development of short duration, early maturing, high yielding, biotic and abiotic stress tolerant red gram varieties –Indo- Swiss Collaboration in Biotechnology (Yasin JK)

• National Containment/Quarantine Facility for Transgenic Planting Material; Component: B- Molecular Testing,Component: Molecular Testing (Gurinder Jit Randhawa and Monika Singh)

• 056-ICAR(NPTC)-DFC-RS-09- Rationalization of rice collections originating from major areas of diversity and allelemining in selected unique set of accessions for biotic, abiotic and quality traits using molecular markers. (RakeshSingh)

• 084-DST-DFC-SK-012- Mapping and validation of QTLS for component traits officiated with terminal heat tolerance inwheat (Sundeep Kumar)

• 086-DBT-DFC-TKM-013- Identification and characterization of zinc responsive genes in maize (Zea mays) by RNASequencing. (TK Mondal)

• 097-SERB-DGR-AKS-014- Identification and analysis of SNP haplotypes in HKT family transporter genes of wheat fortheir association to salt tolerance. (AK Singh)

• National initiative on climate resilient agriculture (NICRA) for the XII Plan. (MC Yadav)


Summary: A total of 30,912 accessions of germplasm including varieties to be notified and released and trait-specificregistered germplasm of various crops were received for long-term conservation in the National Genebank. These wereprocessed following the genebank standards, adding another 11,581 accessions of different agri-horticultural crops to thebase collection raising the total germplasm holding to 4,19,312. Of the conserved accessions, a total of 6,551 were new and5,030 accessions were received after regeneration. Monitoring of germination and seed quantity in stored germplasm(12,303 accessions) and distribution (59,043) for evaluation/regeneration/research/characterization were the other priorityactivities. The germplasm supplied included those sent for multiplication and characterization (39,783) under the Consor-tium Research Project on Agrobiodiversity (CRP-AB). Supportive research directed towards understanding and manipula-tion of factors that prolong the storage life of seeds in a cost-effective manner and overcoming seed germination problemscontinued. Seeds of 19 crops belonging to different crop groups and conditioned to ~7% moisture were monitored after threeyears of storage at four storage regimes viz. long-term storage module (at -180C), inside the storage chamber at Chang La,outside the chamber and at Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh. Analysis of the data on germinationindicated that storability of seeds stored inside the Chang La module was at par with the long term storage conditions in theNational Genebank. Studies on seed dormancy breaking of Melochia corchorifolia and wild rice viz. Oryza nivara and Oryzarufipogon were carried out. Hot water treatment at 700C for 10 min. for Melochia corchorifolia and co-application of GA

3 to

deglumed seeds of Oryza nivara and Oryza rufipogon were found to be the most effective treatments. Employing the in-

house developed R package PGRdup, probable duplicate sets of accessions were identified on the basis of passport dataof groundnut and rice collections at NBPGR as well as other major global collections.

6DIVISION OF GERMPLASM CONSERVATION

6.1 Germplasm Augmentation

A total of 30,912 germplasm accessions of various agri-horticultural crops were received for long-termconservation in the National Genebank; 11,581accessions qualified for conservation as per thegenebank standards and were conserved at –180C asbase collections. Of the conserved accessions a total of6,551 were new and 5,030 accessions were receivedafter regeneration. Accessions of various crops whichwere received with limited seed quantity (approximately,12,153) were stored in MTS as they did not qualify thegenebank standards for LTS which will be multipliedsubsequently. Approximately, 7,178 accessions are underprocessing.

The details of conserved germplasm are depicted inFig.6.1. Cereals comprised a major portion (37%) ofthe accessions added to the genebank while 15%germplasm was of oilseeds, 12% of legumes, 8% ofmillets, 6% each of forages and vegetables, 5% each offibre crops and ornamentals, and 3% each of pseudo-cereals and spices and condiments. These figures alsoinclude released varieties (165) and genetic stocks (71).The crop-wise details of the various accessions addedto the genebank are listed in Table 6.1. The totalgermlasm holdings in the National Genebank hasincreased to 4,19,312; representing 1,778 species

(including 10,771 trial material and 10,235 accessionsas safety duplicates of lentil and pigeonpea). Accessionsreceived after regeneration (5,030) comprised cereals(559), pulses (390), fibre crops (373), oilseeds (3,139),vegetables (103), millets (258), medicinal and aromaticplants (139) and spices and condiments (69). Exoticgermplasm (5,849 accessions) comprising of crop groups,namely, cereals (2,704), grain legumes (1,516), oilseeds(06), vegetables (1,402), fibre and forages (132),ornamental (66) and others (23) was stored as referencesamples in the MTS module.

Fig 6.1. Crop group-wise accessions added to thegenebank for long-term conservation


6.2 Documentation and Database Management

Data pertaining to 11,581 accessions of different agri-horticultural crops conserved in the base collection wasdocumented. In addition data of about 4.19 lakhaccessions, ported to new web-enabled genebankdatabase system, was corrected and updated in the PGRPortal. These corrections were regarding various fieldslike taxonomic identity, biological status, crop curator,national identity number of the accession, location,

Table 6.1. Status of germplasm holdings in the base collection (-18°C) at National Genebank (as on December 31, 2015)

Crop Group No. of acc. conserved during PresentJanuary 1– December 31, 2015 status of

Regenerated New No. of total acc.accessions* species conserved

Cereals 559 2,412 110 1,58,714Millets 258 486 18 52,471Forages 0 401 175 6,688Pseudocereals 0 187 40 7,116Legumes 390 758 82 64,771Oilseeds 3,139 945 71 57,685Fibre crops 373 345 59 13,099Vegetables 103 407 182 25,047Fruits & Nuts 0 0 63 272Medicinal, Aromatic plants & Narcotics 139 354 650 7,274Ornamental 0 22 116 632Spices and Condiments 69 224 26 2,896Agroforestry 0 10 186 1,641Safety Duplicate Samples (Lentil and Pigeonpea) 0 0 0 10,235Trial Material (Wheat and Barley) 0 0 0 10,771

Total 5,030 6,551 1,778 4,19,312

country of origin, pedigree, year of release, developinginstitute and specific traits of released cultivars/hybrids.

6.3 Monitoring of Germplasm

Germplasm conserved in the long-term storageconditions for 10 years or more (12,303 accns.) weremonitored for seed viability and seed quantity to ensurethe status of the conserved germplasm as per thegenebank standards. The details of the viability testsare given in Table 6.2. The accessions showing less than85% germination are being regenerated to replace freshseeds in the genebank.

Table 6.2. Details of the monitoring of viability of germplasm conserved in LTS for >10 Years

Crop Numbers of accessions Initial viability Present viability No. of accessionstested for viability showing

germination <85%

Paddy 3,277 80-100 8-100 597Barley 1,478 68-100 60-100 124Maize 500 84-100 74-100 47Foxtail millet 152 86-100 80-100 2Proso millet 268 84-100 80-100 2Little millet 205 90-100 86-100 -Amaranth 890 80-100 20-100 109Coriander 39 80-86 70-85 -Buckwheat 154 92-100 80-100 3Chenopod 6 80-100 80-96 -Tomato 207 70-100 40-100 51Onion 112 70-100 30-100 22Brinjal 305 70-100 40-100 14Watermelon 150 70-100 40-100 16Carrot 92 70-90 20-80 20


Methi 131 70-100 40-100 10Jute 686 85-100 60-100 302Roselle 349 85-100 80-100 44Kenaf 316 85-100 40-100 144Oats 257 85-100 70-100 257Cotton 22 65-100 40-100 04Jute 19 85-100 85-100 -Sunhemp 65 85-100 80-100 04Clover 213 85-100 85-100 -Lentil 1,265 80-100 34-100 181Castor 150 92-100 85-100 -Linseed 100 90-100 80-100 5Niger 100 90-100 90-100 -Safflower 100 88-100 85-98 -Sesame 100 80-100 75-100 5Soybean 100 80-100 60-100 8Sunflower 200 90-100 85-100 -Forages species 295 20-100 20-100 -

Total 12,303 1,971

6.4 Distribution of Germplasm for Characterization, Regeneration and Utilization

A total of 59,043 accessions were distributed for various purposes. Most of the accessions were distributed forregeneration, characterization and evaluation. The details are given in Table 6.3.

Table 6.3. Distribution of germplasm of different crops for various purposes

Crops (no. of accessions) Purpose No. of accns.

Paddy (14,000), maize (2,792), wheat (1,576), soybean (1,000), Characterization/ 55,253*groundnut (1,437), Brassica (9,422), safflower (2,800), sesame (1000), Multiplicationcowpea (819), chickpea (2,776), pigeonpea (2,550), finger millet (1,085),foxtail millet (810), barnyard millet (840), sorghum (5,244),okra (500 ),chilli (719), watermelon (350), brinjal (460), tomato (1,152), okra (500),bitter gourd(150), bottle gourd (400), carrot (108) ,cabbage (330),onion (450), cucumber (114), amaranth (50), Indian spinach (35), chilli(719), coriander (847), Andrographis paniculata (89),Withania somnifera (129)

Crotalaria (291), Hibiscus (84), cotton (37) Multiplication 412

Chickpea (391) Evaluation 391

Paddy (43), pigeonpea (1,541), mung bean (125), wheat (258), maize (714), Research 2,987onion (200), Coix (42), Basella (33), Vitex negundo (16), Decalepis (5),poppy(10)

Total 59,043

*Figure includes those characterized under CRP-AB.

6.5 Supportive Research

6.5.1 Conservation of seed at Chang-La (naturallycold low energy conservation conditions):Storability of seeds of 19 crops belonging to differentcrop groups was assessed (by testing seed viabilityand vigor) after three years of conservation at fourregimes of temperature viz. at -180C, at NBPGR,inside the storage chamber at Chang La, outside thechamber at Chang La (naturally cold low energyconservation conditions) and at Defence Institute ofHigh Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh. Analysis of

the data on germination percentage indicated that storabilityof seeds stored inside the Chang La module was at parwith the LTS conditions in National Genebank. And boththese sites were better for seed storability than DIHAR,Leh and Chang La outside chamber.

6.5.2 Dormancy breaking protocols : Knowledge onseed germination requirement is an important factor forseed testing, multiplication or regeneration and even theiruse in crop improvement programme. Following studieswere carried out for developing the protocols for breakingseed dormancy:


Melochia corchorifolia: Melochia corchorifolia seedscollected from Odisha exhibited physical dormancy dueto hard seededness. In order to determine the mostsuitable method to reduce the hard seeds and promoterapid and uniform germination, seeds were subjected tohot water treatment at different temperatures andduration. Soaking seeds in water at 70oC for 10 minwas found most effective in breaking dormancy andgermination increased from 7 to 96% in two genotypes.Besides germination, seedling vigour, vigour index andelectrolyte leakage were also significantly higher in thetreated seeds than in untreated seeds.

Wild rice: Thirty wild rice accessions comprising Oryzanivara (28 accessions) and O. rufipogon (2accessions) received for long-term storage which failedto germinate under normal conditions of testing weresubjected to various physical treatments such asexposure to 50oC for 7 days, hot-water treatment at500C for 15-30 minutes, manual removal of seed coveringstructures (degluming), GA

3 (0.03M) treatment (co-

application to deglumed seeds) and storage of untreatedseeds at room temperature for 90 days. Of thesetreatments, co-application of GA

3 to deglumed seeds

and storage of seeds at room temperature for 90 dayswere highly effective in alleviating the dormancy ofvarious accessions resulting in final germination of 50 -100% in various accessions of wild rice species viz. O.nivara and O. rufipogon.

6.5.3 Characterization, multiplication andevaluation under CRP on Agrobiodiversity :Consortium Research Platform on Agrobiodiversitiy(CRP-AB) is under operation with ICAR-NBPGR asLead Centre. During 2015, a total of 39,783 germplasmaccessions of agri-horticultural crops were multiplied andcharacterized for 25-30 descriptors. Of these, 34,899accessions belonging to cereals, millets, legumes,oilseeds, fibres, medicinal & aromatic plants, spices &condiments and vegetables were multiplied andcharacterized during Kharif season and remaining 4,884accessions belonging to cereals, oilseeds and spices arebeing multiplied and characterized during Rabi season.About 5,125 accessions of rice, okra, rapeseed-mustardand finger millet were evaluated for biotic (fungal,bacterial, viral diseases) and abiotic stresses (drought,salt, temperature). Monitoring of the germplasmaccessions being characterized/ evaluated at differentcentres was done for 16 crops viz. paddy, pigeonpea,okra (Fig. 6.2), chilli (Fig. 6.4), tomato, bottle gourd,cabbage, brinjal (Fig. 6.5), sorghum, finger millet (Fig.

6.3), foxtail millet. Barnyard millet, cotton, safflower,Andrographis paniculata and Withania somnifera.

Fig 6.3. Finger millet being evaluated at ARS,Vizianagaram, AP

Fig 6.4. Erect cluster bearing fruit type in chilli atICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru

Fig 6.2. Okra germplasm at ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi


Fig 6.5. Cluster bearing fruit type in brinjal atICAR-IIVR, Varanasi

6.5.4 Identification of probable duplication acrossglobal germplasm collections based on passportdata: Employing the in-house developed R packagePGRdup, efforts were undertaken to detect probableduplicate sets of accessions from the passport databaseof groundnut and rice germplasm collections conservedat National Genebank (NGB), ICAR-NBPGR, NewDelhi as well as other major global germplasm collections.

In case of groundnut, retrieval of probable duplicate setsof accessions followed by clerical review of the identifiedsets to manually validate the accuracy of the retrievedsets revealed that within NGB in NBPGR, 2,991accessions out of the total 12,597 (23%) were found tobelong to 1,102 probable duplicate sets. Similarly, acrossthe major global collections of groundnut germplasmwhose passport data is available in Genesys (ICRISAT,USDA etc.) 29,488 accessions out of the total 41,516(71%) were found to belong to 8,274 probable duplicatesets.

In case of rice, preliminary retrieval of probable duplicatesets revealed that within NGB in NBPGR, 18,892accessions out of the total 91,138 (20%) were found tobelong to 5,485 probable duplicate sets and across themajor global collections of groundnut germplasm whosepassport data is available in Genesys (IRRI, USDA etc.)1,02,358 accessions out of the total 3,14,668 (31%) werefound to belong to 31,662 probable duplicate sets. Theclerical review of these sets is under progress.

Such investigations can give an indication of theredundancy existing within and across crop germplasmcollections. Once probable duplicate sets are identified,they can be validated on the basis of morphological aswell as molecular data. Such redundancy estimation canfurther help in prioritization of resource intensiveactivities involved in management of germplasmcollections.

6.6 Plant Germplasm Registration

Germplasm with unique traits are registered with theobjective of recognizing the efforts of scientists whohave developed or identified promising germplasm(including parent or inbred lines), to safeguard thenational germplasm resources with respect to intellectualproperty rights and to facilitate flow of germplasm amongthe scientists working in the crop improvementprogrammes. Three meetings of Plant GermplasmRegistration Committee (PGRC) were held at NBPGR,New Delhi and a total of 176 proposals (115 new and61 revised) were considered for registration. Of these,64 (37 new and 27 revised) proposals belonging to 32species were approved for registration. Some notableregistered germplasm were: rice with open floretsand for resistance to leaf and neck blast; wheat forhigh gluten index (86%); barley with high antioxidantactivity; garden pea with triple pods at every node; andcotton for high ginning out-turn. The details of crop-group-wise germplasm registered for unique trait(s) aregiven in Table 6.4.

Table 6.4. Details of the germplasm registered and conserved in LTS

Crops groups Current status of registered Number of registered germplasmgermplasm (Jan. to Dec., 2015)

Cereals & Pseudo-cereals 424 28Millets 78 -Grain Legumes 100 10Oilseeds 129 01Fibres and Forages 76 08Vegetables 98 06Fruits and Nuts 59 -


M&AP and Spices 50 03Commercial crops 158 03Ornamentals 43 04Tubers 29 01Agro-forestry 03 -

Total 1,247 64


PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01.00: Ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources of agricultural and horticultural crops usingconventional methods (RK Tyagi)

Research projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01.01: Management of information and national germplasm conservation network and associatedresearch (RK Tyagi, Anjali Kak, Sunil Archak, BP Dahiya, Rajvir Singh, Rita Rani, Smita Jain and Rajiv Gambhir)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-02: Conservation of grain legume germplasm using conventional seed storage methods andassociated research (Neeta Singh, Chitra Pandey and Sherry Rachel Jacob)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-03: Conservation of paddy germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associatedresearch (Kalyani Srinivasan, RK Tyagi, J Aravind, Sherry Rachel Jacob and AD Sharma)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-04: Conservation of oilseed germplasm using conventional seed storage methods andassociated research. (J Radhamani, J Aravind and Neeta Singh)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-05: Conservation of cereal germplasm excluding paddy and agro-forestry species, usingconventional seed storage methods and associated research (Sherry Rachel Jacob, K Srinivasan and J Radhamani)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-06: Conservation of pseudo-cereals, medicinal and aromatic plant, narcotic and spicesgermplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Veena Gupta and Anjali Kak)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-07: Conservation of millets germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associatedresearch (Sushil Pandey and Chitra Pandey)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-08: Conservation of forage and fibre germplasm using conventional seed storage methods andassociated research (Anjali Kak and Veena Gupta)

PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-09: Conservation of vegetable germplasm using conventional seed storage methods andassociated research (Chitra Devi Pandey, Neeta Singh and Sushil Pandey)

Externally-funded projects

Implementation of PVP legislation: National plant variety repository (Kalyani Srinivasan)

Establishment of national rice resources database (Kalyani Srinivasan, Rakesh Singh and Sunil Archak)


7.1 In Vitro Conservation and Cryopreservation

During the year, 14 accessions were added in theIn Vitro Genebank (IVGB) including: Allium chinense(1), A. tuberosum (1), Artocarpus lakoocha (1),Curcuma amada (1), Fragaria x vesca (1), Gentianakurroo (1), Hypericum perforatum (1), Prunusarmeniaca (1), Pyrus communis (2), Zingibercassumunar (3) and Z. zerumbet (1). A total of 1900accessions belonging to different crop groups weremaintained in vitro and subcultured at periodic intervals(Table 7.1).

Summary: During the year, a total of 1,900 accessions belonging to fruit crops, bulb and tuber crops, medicinal, aromaticand rare/endangered plants, spices, plantation and industrial crops, and others were conserved as in vitro cultures, underculture room conditions (25±20C; 16/8h) and/or at low temperature (40C). The average subculture duration ranged from 2-24months, depending on the species/genotype. In Piper betel and P. nigrum cv. subhakara, subculture duration could beextended to 24 weeks following manipulation of basal medium along with lower concentration of BAP. Cryopreservationexperiments using vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration or droplet vitrification technique led to varying degree of pre-and/or post-freezing success in Allium spp., Curcuma longa, Dahlia cv., Dioscorea bulbifera, Rauvolfia serpentina and Vacciniumovatum. A total of 23 accessions comprising Allium spp. (9), Musa sp. (10), Rubus hybrid (1) and Vaccinium spp. (3) werecryostored as shoot tips or meristems. A total of 537 accessions comprising fruits, spices, industrial crops, millets, veg-etables, medicinal crops, legumes and cereals were cryostored as seeds, embryonic axes along with genomic resourcesduring the year, totaling 11,624 accessions in the cryogenebank. Periodic testing for viability of more than 200 accessions oforthodox and non-orthodox seeds and 40 accessions of underutilized fruit species revealed retention of original viability inmost of the accessions, after 4-10 years of cryostorage.

7TISSUE CULTURE AND CRYOPRESERVATION UNIT

7.1.1 Tropical fruits: In vitro conservation of Musagermplasm (420 accessions, in the form of ~ 10,000cultures) was undertaken as per protocols standardizedin previous years. An important aspect undertaken thisyear was the rescue and multiplication of 37 accessionsof wild species of banana (M. acuminata and M.balbisiana) in the form of 74 culture tubes. Thegermplasm was obtained from the Musa InternationalTransit Centre (ITC), Leuven, Belgium, indented byICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru under an SMTA. Due to aprolonged transit, the germplasm was received insuboptimal growth conditions. Concerted efforts were

made to resuscitate the cultures and success wasachieved in 15 accessions of M. acuminata and eightaccessions of M. balbisiana. Suitable modifications ofmedium (growth regulators) were done to obtainproliferation in these cultures. These accessions containsome very useful genes for biotic and abiotic stresses.

Cryopreservation of proliferating meristems of Musausing droplet freezing was continued and 10 accessionswere cryobanked this year.

7.1.2 Bulb and other crops: In vitro conservation of171 accessions (active and base collection) wascontinued. Subculture frequency and protocol applieddepended on species/ genotype. A total of six accessionsincluding Allium chinense (3), A. sativum (1) and A.tuberosum (2) were procured from various sources.During the period under report, one accession each ofA. chinense and A. tuberosum were added in the IVGB.

Cryopreservation experiments continued in Dahliacultures using vitrification technique. Following incubationof shoot tips (excised from mother cultures maintained

Table 7.1. Status of in vitro-conserved germplasm (as on December 31, 2015)

Crop group Genera (no.) Species (no.) Cultures (no.) Accessions (no.)

Tropical Fruits (banana) 1 14 10,000 420

Temperate and Minor Fruits (apple, apricot, blackberry, 10 42 7,500 315blueberry, pear and strawberry)

Tuber crops (sweet potato, yam and taro) 5 12 10,000 604

Bulbous and other crops (garlic and gladiolus) 4 12 3,300 171

Medicinal and aromatic plants (species of Coleus, 21 28 4,000 155Rauvolfia, Tylophora and Valeriana)


on shoot multiplication medium and pre-grown on highsucrose at 250C) with loading solution (MS+2Mglycerol+0.4M sucrose), cryopreseved shoot tipsexhibited 10% post-thaw regrowth with 20 mins PVS2dehydration. To improve regrowth after LN freezing,droplet vitrification technique was also tested with shoottips and nodal segment explants. There was improvedpost-thaw regrowth of shoot tips (20% compared with10% using vitrification protocol) and nodal segmentexplants (20% compared with 0% using vitrificationprotocol).

Employing vitrification technique, cryopreservationprotocol developed thus far in A. chinense (exposure ofmother cultures and also pre-growth of in vitro shootbase explants on high sucrose at 50C) was applied toanother accession. Post-thaw regeneration was 20%following PVS2 dehydration for 30 mins. With the useof droplet vitrification protocol, there was improved(35%) post-thaw shoot regrowth compared with 20%using vitrification protocol.

In continuation of efforts to improve regrowth after LNfreezing in A. hookeri, variation in pretreatmentstrategies continued. Explants isolated from mothercultures maintained on high sucrose medium at 250Cand pregrown on high sucrose at 250C or 50C showedabout 20% post-thaw regrowth with 20 mins PVS2.However, with preconditioning of mother cultures on highsucrose and at 50C, explants exhibited 10% post-thawregeneration with pregrowth at 250C and only 15%survival with pregrowth at 50C. Thus, exposure of mothercultures or pregrowth of explants at low temperaturewas not beneficial in improving post-freezing regrowth.

In A. ramosum, experiments continued employingvitrification technique. Following pregrowth (on highsucrose medium at 50C) of smaller shoot base explants(1.0 × 1.2 mm), excised from mother cultures (maintainedon high sucrose medium, at 50C), there was improved(30%) post-thaw shoot regrowth compared with 20%using larger (1.2 × 1.2 mm) explants.

Using droplet-vitrification technique, cryopreservationexperiments continued with 35 accessions of A. sativum.Preliminary results analyzed so far, indicated that averagepost-thaw survival of shoot tips (isolated from cloves)ranged from 40-100% and shoot regrowth varied from0-65%.

For long term conservation, cryobanking was initiated in9 accessions (2 or 3 replicates each) which included A.sativum (7), A. tuberosum (1) and A. chinense (1).

The correct identification of Allium clarkei Hook.f.reported earlier, and established in the IVGB, isNothoscordum gracile (Aiton) Stearn (syn. Ainodorum auct.) [Pandey et al. (2015) Indian J. PlantGenet. Resour. 28(3): 351-355].

7.1.3 Medicinal, aromatic and rare/endangeredplants: In vitro maintenance of existing cultures of 155accessions (~4000 cultures) was achieved throughperiodic subculture and resterilization (2-24 months) eitherunder culture room conditions (25±20C; 16/8h) or at lowtemperature (40C).

During the year, one accession each of Gentiana kurrooand a species under new genera, Hypericum perforatumwas added in the IVBG. Two accessions of Hedychiumspp. were procured (from ICAR-NBPGR Base Centre,Cuttack) and processed for in vitro introduction. InKaempferia galanga, the earlier standardized techniqueof in vitro rhizome induction was successfully appliedto three more accessions. Following hardening, 600 invitro plantlets of aforementioned species weretransferred to soil under net house conditions. In K.rotundata, induction of rhizomes was observed in field-transferred plants following high sucrose treatment.

In Rauvolfia serpentina, cryopreservation experimentscontinued using vitrification technique. Cultures werecold-acclimated at 22 ± 5OC (16/8h) for 2-6 months.Non-frozen shoot tips exhibited 100-20% recoveryfollowing PVS2 dehydration (with or without LS) for10-120 min at 5 OC or 25 OC.

7.1.4 Spices, plantation and industrial crops: A totalof 235 accessions (in the form of ~5,000 cultures)comprising Zingiber spp. (75), Curcuma spp. (123),Piper spp. (8), Elettaria cardamomum (5), Vanillaplanifolia (4), Simmondsia chinensis (12) and Humuluslupulus (8) were conserved in the IVGB. Dependingupon the genotype, the average subculture period rangedfrom 6-12 months under 8/16 h photoperiod at 25 ± 20C.

During the year, a total of five accessions comprisingZingiber cassumunar (3), Z. zerumbet (1) and C.amada (1) were added to the IVGB.

The bacterial strain, contaminating three accessions(EC432612, IC248825 and IC248829) of ginger in vitrocultures, was identified as Luteibacter yeojuensis(through amplification and sequencing of 16S ribosomalDNA, followed by partial sequence analysis). Additionof 100 mg l-1 cephotaxime to shoot multiplication mediumreduced bacterial contamination.


Following identification of bacteria in C. longa(EC423107) and C. caesia (IC573925) cultures, additionof 30 mgl-l of CuSO

4.5H

2O and 100 mgl-l of Streptomycin

sulphate(R) to shoot multiplication medium facilitatedrecovery of contamination-free cultures as monitoredthrough indexing for the next two subcultures.

In Piper betel and P. nigrum cv. Subhakara, subcultureduration could be extended from 8 to 24 weeks followinguse of MS basal medium (in place of B5) along withlower concentration (0.02 mgl-1) of BAP.

Total oleoresin (%) was estimated in 25 accessions ofin vitro hardened Curcuma rhizomes. Results revealedmaximum (3.98%) oleoresin in C. longa cv. NDH-98and minimum (0.540%) in C. longa (IC22575) collectedfrom North-East. The 13 accessions of C. longagermplasm collected from six states of India viz., Shillong,Odisha, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Hyderabad andAndhra Pradesh exhibited vast variation (0.540 to 3.31%)in oleoresin content.

Using vitrification technique, efforts continued in C.longa to develop cryopreservation protocol. In vitro shootbud explants, (excised from mother cultures maintainedon 3% sucrose at 25±20C), pregrown on high sucrose(0.3M) for 72 h exhibited 40-50% survival followingPVS

2 dehydration for 20-90 min at 0°C. None of the

explants survived after LN freezing.

7.1.5 Temperate and minor tropical fruit crops: Atotal of 315 accessions (~7500 cultures) belonging tonine genera and 42 species were conserved as in vitrocultures under culture room conditions and/or at lowtemperature. These are Actinidia spp. (6), Aeglemarmelos (2), Artocarpous lakoocha (1), Fragaria xananassa (81), Malus domestica (11), Morus spp. (61),Prunus spp. (2), Pyrus communis (68), Rubus spp. (62)and Vaccinium spp. (21). The average subculture periodvaried from 6-12 months. During the period under report,five accessions viz., Prunus armeniaca (1), Fragariax vesca (1), P. communis (2), Artocarpus lakoocha(1) were added to the IVGB.

Cryopreservation experiments continued in Vacciniumovatum using encapsulation-dehydration technique.Shoot tips, excised from in vitro cultures, were pretreatedwith sucrose (0.3M). Following encapsulation withsodium alginate, osmotic dehydration with sucrose(0.75M) and air desiccation (6h), shoot tips weresubjected to LN freezing. There was 100%, 87% and72% regrowth after osmotic dehydration, air desiccation

and LN treatment, respectively. Regenerated plants weremorphologically similar to the mother cultures.

Using encapsulation-dehydration protocol, one accessionof Rubus hybrid and three accessions of Vaccinium spp.were cryobanked.

7.1.6 Tuber crops: In vitro maintenance of existingcultures of a total of 604 accessions (~10000 cultures)of tuber crops comprising four of Alocasia indica, 179of Colocasia esculenta, 154 of Dioscorea spp., 257 ofIpomoea batatas and 10 of Xanthosoma sagittifoliumwas carried out through periodic subculture andresterilization (4-12 months) under culture roomconditions.

Experiments were carried out during the year to developin vitro propagation protocol in D. batatas and D.nipponica. Using Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium,25 combinations of growth regulators were tested. Inboth the species, multiple shoots were obtained on MS +BAP + NAA. Induction of in vitro tubers was observedin D. batatas and upon transfer to MS basal medium,they formed plantlets. Experiments were continued toidentify the bacteria prevailing in taro cultures. Out ofsix bacterial colonies identified, four bacterial strains werePaenibacillus spp. and two were Ralstoniasolanacearum.

Using vitrification technique, cryopreservationexperiments were carried out with five accessions of D.bulbifera. Shoot tips isolated from in vitro mothercultures showed 10-30% post-thaw survival followingLS treatment and PVS2 dehydration for 90 mins.

7.2 Genetic Stability of In Vitro ConservedGermplasm

Eleven accessions of Musa cryopreserved (using dropletvitrification) and regenerated in previous years, werehardened and transferred to the field for recording anyphenotypic changes as compared to their tissue culture(non-cryopreserved) control plants. These comprisedfour accessions of AAA genomic group (EC653580,EC653578, EC653569, EC653547), six accessions of AAgenomic group (EC653553, EC653566, EC653546,EC653565, EC653557 and EC653543) and one accessionof M. balbisiana (EC653579). Data on vegetative andyield traits shall be recorded for first as well as ratooncrop.

Genetic stability of in vitro cultures of seven accessionsof C. longa (released varieties; IC564498, IC573940,


IC573944, IC137068, IC567768, IC564497 andIC588983), conserved for more than 20 years, was doneusing sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP)markers. Data revealed that conservation protocol hadnot affected the genetic stability of the germplasm.

Studies were conducted on genetic diversity of 42accessions comprising wild species of Curcuma, C.longa cultivars and C. longa germplasm collected from18 states of India. Thirty six SRAP primers werescreened and on the basis of amplification of distinct,clear and good reproducibility banding patterns, nineteenprimers were selected. Detailed studies are in progress.

7.3 Seed, Pollen and Dormant BudCryopreservation

A total of 11,624 accessions comprising orthodox andnon-orthodox (intermediate and recalcitrant) seedspecies were conserved in the cryogenebank (Table7.2). A total of 557 accessions of diverse germplasmcomprising fruits, industrial crops, legumes, cereals andwild species were received and these included thosereceived from NBPGR Headquarters and RegionalStations, Shimla, Shillong and Thrissur, from parts ofAndhra Pradesh and Citrus Research Station, Tirupatiand through exploration to Tripura. During the year, two

exploration and collection trips were undertaken and 176accessions of germplasm of non-orthodox seeds ofdifferent species of Citrus were collected.

A total of 537 accessions were cryostored as seeds,embryonic axes and genomic resources during this periodat temperatures between –160°C to –180°C. Cryostoredaccessions comprised fruits, spices, industrial crops,millets, vegetables, medicinal crops, legumes and cerealsincluding wild species and wild relatives of crop plants.

Studies on seed viability, moisture content, desiccationand freezing sensitivity were conducted on seeds ofCitrus sinensis (Satguri) and C. aurantifolia (Balaji),Salvadora spp., Withania somnifera and Zizyphusnummularia. Germplasm of wild species of Citrusnamely C. ichangensis, C. latipes, C. megaloxycarpa,C. indica and C. macroptera is being maintained as invitro cultures. A total of 30 accessions belonging toCitrus species were characterized for fruit and seedcharacters as per IPGRI descriptors. Periodic testingfor viability of more than 200 accessions of orthodoxand non-orthodox seeds, and 40 accessions ofunderutilized fruit species revealed retention of originalviability in most of the accessions, after 4-10 years ofcryostorage.

Table 7.2: Status of cryopreserved germplasm (as on December 31, 2015)

STATUS OF GERMPLASM AT NATIONAL CRYOBANK (as on 31st December 2015)

Categories Accessions (no.)

Recalcitrant & Intermediate

Fruits and nuts 3,139

Spices and condiments 152

Plantation crops 22

Agro forestry and forestry 1,644

Industrial crops 1,328

Medicinal and aromatic plants 11

Total 6,296

Orthodox

Cereals 253

Millets and forages 289

Pseudo-cereals 76

Grain legumes 812

Oilseeds 668

Fibers 67

Vegetables 499

Medicinal and aromatic plants 964

Narcotics and dyes 34


Miscellaneous 16

Total 3,678

Dormant buds 387

Pollen grains 484

Genomic resources 779

Total 11,624

Wild relatives* 1,073

Rare and endangered plants* 99

Varieties* 770

Elite lines* 4

Registered germplasm* 23

Number of species 794

*Included in respective categories stored as orthodox seeds


Programme I- PGR/TCCU-BUR-01:Ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources of vegetatively propagated crops usingin vitro and cryopreservation techniques (RK Tyagi)


PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.01:In vitro conservation of tuber crops with special reference to sweet potato, yams and taro. (NeelamSharma, Vartika Srivastava, DK Nerwal and Ramesh Chandra)

PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.02:In vitro conservation of spices, plantation and new industrial crops. (Anju Jain and RP Yadav)

PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.03:In vitro conservation of bulbous and ornamental crops. (Ruchira Pandey, Neelam Sharma andRamesh Chandra)

PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.04:In vitro conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants with special reference to rare and endangeredspecies. (Neelam Sharma, Ruchira Pandey and Ramesh Chandra)

PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.05:In vitro conservation of tropical fruit crop species. (Anuradha Agrawal, RK Tyagi and DPS Meena)

PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.06:In vitro conservation of temperate and minor tropical fruit crops. (Sandhya Gupta and JC Rana)

PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.07:Studies on genetic integrity of conserved germplasm. (RK Tyagi, Anju Jain, J Aravind and DKNerwal)

Programme II PGR/TCCU-BUR-02:Ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources of agricultural and horticultural cropsusing cryopreservation of seeds, dormant buds and pollen (Rekha Chaudhury)


PGR/TCCU-BUR-02.01: Cryopreservation of non-orthodox and orthodox seed species in various forms using standardprotocols. (Rekha Chaudhury, SK Malik and AP Singh)

PGR/TCCU-BUR-02.02: Investigating desiccation and freezing tolerance in non-orthodox seed species, dormant budsand pollen for cryopreservation. (SK Malik, Rekha Chaudhury and Vartika Srivastava)

83PGR POLICY PLANNING UNIT

8.1 PGR Management and Related PolicyIssues

8.1.1 National Action Plan for Genetic ResourcesManagement in India: A set of core activities viz., insitu conservation and management, ex situ conservation,sustainable use, and sustainable institutional and humancapacities as per second Global Plan of Action (GPA)was proposed for redefining the National Plan of Actionduring the workshop on Redefining Priorities in theNational Action Plan for Genetic ResourcesManagement in India (based on the revised Global Planof Action for Genetic Resources for Food and Agricultureof the FAO-CGRFA) was jointly organized by ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi and National Academy ofAgricultural Sciences (NAAS), New Delhi fromDecember 23-24, 2014 at NAAS, New Delhi.

Based on the recommendations of the workshop therevised National Action Plan (NAP) was prepared andcirculated to all participants and lead discussants for theirinputs. The inputs received from participants wereincorporated in the National Action Plan which isuploaded on ICAR-NBPGR website.

8.1.2 International Treaty on Plant GeneticResources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA):Inputs were provided for the 4th meeting of the Ad HocOpen-ended Working Group to Enhance the Functioningof the Multilateral System (MLS) of Access and Benefit-sharing (ABS) which was held from October 2-7, 2015and to the Sixth Session of the Governing Body (GB)meeting of ITPGRFA from October 5-9, 2015 in Rome,Italy. Inputs were provided on the revised StandardMaterial Transfer Agreement (draft); StructuralElements for the Development of a Subscription Model/System, enhance user-based payments through asubscription system for access to the MLS, strengtheningimplementation of Treaty's provisions and informationfor the Global Information System.

8.1.3 Commission on Genetic Resources for Foodand Agriculture (CGRFA): Inputs were provided onthe Summary Report of CGRFA (14th regular session)and for 15th regular session of CGRFA held in Rome,Italy from 19-23 January 2015. The Commission invitedcountries to officially nominate a National Focal Pointto lead the preparation of country reports, and tocommunicate the name and contact details of theNational Focal Point to the Secretary of the Commission.India has already conveyed NFP as Department ofAgricultural Research and Education, Ministry ofAgriculture to Secretariat.

India successfully completed the I and II phase of themonitoring of implementation of the GPA. The SecondGPA reflects new challenges and opportunities withrespect to conservation and use of PGRFA and putsgreater emphasis on sustainable use of PGRFA as meansto enhance food security. The process of monitoring theimplementation of Second GPA was also initiated byproviding information in the Reporting format preparedby FAO, through the National Focal Point.

8.1.4 Compilation of Information on ActiveGermplasm Collections available at ICARinstitutes/ SAUs: For developing medium term storage(MTS) information system with data related to storageof accessions of various crop germplasm important forfood and agriculture, all ICAR institutes/SAUs werecontacted in order to get the information on activegermplasm collections available with them in a prescribedformat developed for the purpose. Information wasreceived for about 54,137 accessions from 37 ICARinstitutes/SAUs including their Regional ResearchStations. Data was collected and updated regularly, witha purpose to facilitate sharing of the right kind of materialwith breeders to promote PGR utilization for cropimprovement.

Summary: The PGR Policy Planning unit is functioning at ICAR-NBPGR since 1996 with the objectives of documenting andcollecting literature on concurrent international and national developments concerning plant genetic resources and relatedfields such as bio-safety, germplasm utilization, exchange and quarantine. Provided analytical inputs as per requirementsof the policy makers for negotiations and formulations of policies at various national and international levels on issuesrelated to PGR management.



8.1.5 Inputs to National Biodiversity Authority(NBA): Comments/ inputs/ views were provided for theagenda under consideration by NBA for 33rd, 34th and35th Meeting of the Expert Committee on Access andBenefit Sharing of the NBA held in April, June andOctober, 2015. The agenda items included cases ofaccess to genetic resources and permission for patentsbased on biological resources of India, revision of theexisting ABS agreements, revision of benefit sharingcomponent and proposal of DAC seeking exemption ofAnnex-I Crops listed under ITPGRFA. Inputs to therevised text of the Gazette Notification by MoEF&CCon providing facilitated access to the plant geneticresources for food and agriculture to fulfil the obligationsof the Government of India to the ITPGRFA [SO3232(E)] were provided.

Technical inputs to ICAR/DARE/DAC

The various technical inputs on issues pertaining to PGRsought by ICAR-DARE/DAC were on:

• Streamlining the procedure for export of germplasmunder different categories. A checklist wasdeveloped and the export proposals are nowrecommended to ICAR/DARE with the checklist.

• Comments on the discussion note from DBT forrevisiting certain provisions of the BiologicalDiversity Act, 2002. The issue of definition of ‘Non-Indians’ as per the Act was raised by DBT besidesseeking clarity on ABS issues. The definition of Non-Indian entities as per the Companies Act wassuggested to be included.

• Third National Report on the Implementation of theCartagena Protocol on Biosafety during Inter-Ministerial meeting.

• The common questionnaire on the role of Ministryof Law and Justice in framing/ approving theprovisions of International Covenants/Multilateral/Bilateral Treaties or Agreements for StandingCommittee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Lawand Justice.

• Options for funding core activities of the CGIARGenebanks, 2017-2021 submitted by Peer ReviewTeam for 13th Meeting of Fund Council (FC13) heldat Bogor, Indonesia from April 28-29, 2015. Purposeof the Council meeting was funding for andmanagement of the CGIAR genebanks, including

identifying potential implications in the event of ashortfall in the Crop Trusts’ endowment andproposing a plan submission to the Peer ReviewTeam. Consortium Office (CO), Genebanks andCrop Trust recommend that core activities besupported as the highest of priorities and genebanksmust achieve and maintain international standards,stabilize running cost and full use of diversityexplored and promoted. CO thus recommends theestablishment of Germplasm Health Units (GHUs)and upgrading for ISO accreditation and certificationfor high standards of operation.

• Memorandum of Understanding between PAU,Ludhiana and University of Agriculture, Faisalabad,Pakistan regarding IPR issues.

• The list of normally traded commodities (NTC) tobe exempted under Section 40 of the Act wasrevisited. Comments were sought from ICAR-NBPGR. Some major cereals, pulses andornamentals were suggested to be included in thelist of NTC.

• Comments on the Karnataka Transgenic andGenetically Modified Cotton (Seeds) Bill, 2015.

8.2 Policy Issues Related to Biosecurity

8.2.1 Inputs provided to ICAR/ DARE, MoA/MoEF/MEA/NAAS/APAARI/APCoAB:

••••• The Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import intoIndia) Order 2003 was thoroughly analyzed andsections where revision needed were identified.

••••• Undertook PRA for 34 species listed under scheduleV and VI of the PQ Order 2003 for its revision.

••••• On establishment of South Asia Plant ProtectionOrganization wherein several areas were identifiedwhere regional collaboration and networking couldbe undertaken. Broad areas were suggested for amore comprehensive and focused Regional effort.

••••• Inputs given for operationalizing Schedule V of thePQ Order 2003 and harmonizing it with the NewPolicy on Seed Development. Details weredeveloped for modality of functioning of NBPGRwith reference to wheat and rice under Schedule Vespecially on the treatments to be given.

••••• Inputs provided to the staff of CIARI, Port BlairAndaman and Nicobar Islands, for setting up of a



PGR/PPU-BUR-DEL-01-1.00 PGR management policy and back up research (Pratibha Brahmi)


PGR/PPU – BUR-DEL-01-01:Analysis of emerging policy issues on agro-biodiversity management and preparation oftechnical inputs for use by policy makers/Indian delegations at national and international meetings/ negotiations(Pratibha Brahmi, SC Dubey, JC Rana, Gurinderjit Randhawa, Veena Gupta, Kavita Gupta, VandanaTyagi, SunilArchak, K Pradheep, Anita Pedapati and Rajeev Gambhir)

PGR/PPU-BUR-DEL-01-02:Policy issues related to biosecurity (SC Dubey, Kavita Gupta, Pratibha Brahmi and GurinderjitRandhawa)

Quarantine and Biosecurity facilities. A concept noteand detailed requirements under the XII Plan werealso prepared.

••••• Comments were given on the risk involved in importof several agricultural commodities, certain insectcultures and other biocontrol agents.

••••• Provided inputs on the draft Fifth National Reporton the implementation of the Cartagena Protocol onBiosafety presented in the Meeting of Parties ofthe CBD.

••••• Input for inter-ministerial meeting on BWCPreparatory Committee for the Eighth ReviewConference were provided regarding pest outbreaksas confidence building measures under the BWC.

••••• Reviewed the NAAS policy paper Plant Quarantineincluding Internal Quarantine Strategies in View ofOnslaught of Diseases and Insect Pests (PolicyPaper No. 44) for its follow-up action and policyrequirement.


Summary: Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit (AKMU) is the centre of PGR Informatics activities in ICAR. AKMU hasevolved from a mere service providing cell (formerly ARIS) to a unit of software and database development facilitating easyaccess to information and, thereby, management and utilization of PGR. In 2015, AKMU consolidated the PGR Portal byincreasing information on as many as 5,161 accessions. The PGR Portal was accessed from many countries with anaverage number of >100 views a day in 2015. Interactive application of National Herbarium Collections and for registrationof germplasm varieties were developed. Several new initiatives for making the available information and data related PGRmore accessible to users were taken. Ultimately, all different tools and databases developed on pilot basis will merge intoa single comprehensive PGR Portal. AKMU also maintained webservers, databases and network for a 24X7 operation.

9AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT UNIT

9.1 PGR Informatics and Analytics

PGR Portal: PGR Port'al is an open access informationportal on plant genetic resources conserved in theNational Genebank of NBPGR. Information on as manyas 3,16,736 indigenous and 52,972 exotic accessions areaccessible in the PGR Portal now. Information on asmany as 5,161 accessions was added in 2015. In PGRdatabase management, about 16,612 new accessionswere allocated IC numbers. Data curation and correctionof about 24,000 (both IC and EC) accessions was carriedout. Target of porting about 4 lakh data records andimplementation of genebank database was achieved.Data on crop groups were refined; option of new speciesadditions built, and additional user reports for accessingdata species-wise or biological status wise were created.A new feature for accessing data on core collectionsavailable with NBPGR has been added to PGR portal.

The related data of core collections can be accessed byselecting the crop and opting for browse core as shownbelow.

9.1.1 Usage statistics:As per the information obtainedfrom Google Analytics the PGR Portal is being accessedglobally using computers and mobile devices and viadifferent browsers. In 2015, PGR Portal had 39,673 pageviews by 7,695 users amounting to more than 100 visitsa day. Only 7.4% sessions were from NBPGR, 15.6%of the users were first time visitors and 84.4 % userswere returning visitors. Only 11% of the new usersaccessed the portal through mobile devices. About 29.8%of the users knew the URL, 18.9% of the users tookhelp of search engines and 51.3% of the users camethrough referrals out of which 42% came through ICARwebsite. It was evident that the simple technology usedto develop PGR Portal made it very fast with averageserver connection time (<0.01 sec), average pagedownload time (0.2 sec) and average page load time(6.29 sec) being very short.

9.1.2 Genebank Dashboard: Germplasmconservation and maintenance of Genebank is a primaryfunction of NBPGR. In continuation of this obligationGenebank Portal has been developed and all the relateddata has been digitized. The data is now available forviewing for global users in a very user friendly form.This portal gives an insight about the indigenous as wellas exotic collections being maintained at the NationalGene Bank as well as their biological status, locationand crop group. This system is also a databasemanagement system where the data of new collectionsand maintained collections can be entered and edited byregistered users. This system besides working as aninventory for Genebank accessions efficiently managesthe related data which in turn contributes towardsidentifying new crops for explorations and developingnew strategies for conservation and further utilization incrop improvement.

Fig 9.1. Page shown when user opts for Core collectionon home page


9.1.3 National herbarium for crop plants:Development of an interactive web-basedapplication to access the herbarium databasehas been completed. This application availableat www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/nhcp providesaccess to the National Herbarium of CultivatedPlants (NHCP) of ICAR-NBPGR. NHCP isone of the major Indian herbaria holdingcollections mainly of cultivated taxa (native orintroduced) and their wild/weedy relatives. Theinteractive application is expected to improvethe accessibility and enhance the use ofherbarium remotely for the purpose oftaxonomic identification and study of taxa ofPGR relevance.

9.1.4 Plant quarantine decision supportsystem (PQDSS): Under the Project “PGRInformatics” Plant Quarantine Decisionsupport System has been developed in VisualBasic 2008 and SQL Server 2008 R2. Fig.9.4is displaying the web form for this PQDSS.This system, having 38 fields, has beendeveloped to retrieve need based informationfrom the system.

Fig 9.3. Home Page of NHCP web application

Fig 9.2.Home Page of National Genebank Portal


Fig 9.5. Report of the desired query

9.2 New Software Applications Designed

• Beta version of an interactive application called“PGR Map” was designed and developed. PGRMap can also be run on the mobile devices. PGRMap offers three benefits:

i) “What’s around me” helps to obtain quickly theaccessions that have been collected andconserved in the genebank from a particularlocation in India where the user is situated

ii) “Search the map” helps to obtain quickly theaccessions that have been collected andconserved in the genebank from any selectedlocation in India

iii) “Search for species” helps map the locations ofcollection of a crop species

• Information provided in this application is limited bythe availability of geocodes of the germplasmaccessions collected/conserved.

Fig 9.6. Home page of PGR map

Germplasm Information as on 31-12-2015

Information System Activity Entries in 2014 Total entries

PGR management system (only intranet)

� Indigenous Collections (IC) IC numbers allotted 16,612 5,04,740

� Genebank Collections Data ported 5,629 3,97,840

� Evaluation Data Data added nil 22,560

Germplasm Exchange and Quarantine Information System EC numbers allotted 41,403 8,79,924

Plant Germplasm Registration System Germplasm registered 59 1,183

ICAR Plant Variety Information System Varieties documented 73 982

(http://www.nbpgr.ernet.in/pvrs)

Fig 9.4. Web form for Plant Quarantine Decision SupportSystem


Correction and curation of data was undertaken for ICGnumbers (Groundnut: 500), Country of Origin (10,904),location (22,000), Donor id (Groundnut:4,676),

Generation cycle (16,725) Vernacular name and Id(4,069), species (862). 1864 unique accessions with Xas suffix and Data of 862 Brassica accessions havebeen corrected.

Important URLs maintained on the AKMU Servers

NBPGR Homepage www.nbpgr.ernet.in

PGR Portal pgrportal.nbpgr.ernet.in

Import Permit and EC Data Search exchange.nbpgr.ernet.in

GenebankDashboard genebank.nbpgr.ernet.in

National Herbarium of Crop Plants www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/nhcp

Biosystematics Portal www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/biosystematics

PGR Clim www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/climate/

Registered Crop Germplasm www.nbpgr.ernet.in/IRCG/index.htm

Multi-location Evaluation Database www.nbpgr.ernet.in/tsgi/index.htm

Plant Variety Registration System www.nbpgr.ernet.in/pvrs/

Digital Library of Bruchids 202.141.12.150/bruchid-library/

NBPGR Webmail www.mail.nbpgr.ernet.in

Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader)

PGR/AKMUBUR-DEL-01.00 Genetic resources information (S Archak)

Project (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates)

PGR/AKMUBUR-DEL-01.01 PGR informatics (S Archak, Shashi Bhalla (w.e.f July, 2015), Madhu Bala Priyadarshi,Rajeev Gambhir, A Pedapati, MC Singh, J. Radhamani, Rita Rani and Sushil Pandey)


• Utilization of ex situ collections and climate analogues for enhancing adaptive capacity to climate change (CCAFSfunded) (S Archak) (concluded on 31.12.2015)

• Development and implementation of novel algorithms and software modules for PGR informatics (ICAR NationalFellowship) (S Archak)


Summary: Two exploration programmes were undertaken and a total of 235 accessions were collected. This includedcollection of millets and their wild relatives from Dhule and Nandurbar districts of Maharashtra; Asiatic Vigna, wild relativesof Cajanus and Mucuna from southern Gujarat and adjoining areas. A total of 528 accessions were characterized, 251during Rabi 2014-15 and 277 during Kharif 2015. Crop-wise accessions during Rabi 2014-15, included grain amaranth(76), linseed (113) and safflower (62), and sesame (97), foxtail millet (60), Abelmoschus tuberculatus (58) and horse gram(62) during Kharif 2015. Nearly 991 accessions of various crops/species were supplied to 19 users within India for researchpurpose. For multiplication, 598 accessions were received comprising 231 of wheat germplasm for screening againstterminal heat tolerance (NICRA),150 of pigeon pea, mini-core chickpea (213) and Sesamum indicum (4). A total of 20,262accns. of various crops/species germplasm comprising oilseeds (10,002), pulses (4,844), vegetables (1,876), potentialcrops (1,399), millets (1,433), wild relatives of crop plants (704) and others (4) are being maintained in the medium termstorage.

10REGIONAL STATION, AKOLA


10.1 Exploration and collection of millets, and theirwild relatives from Dhule and Nandurbar: Thisexploration was undertaken in collaboration with ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad and atotal of 125 accessions were collected from 61 collectionsites. Crop group-wise and species-wise collectedaccessions included Sorghum bicolor (39), S.halepense (2), S. purpureo-sericeum (01), Panicummiliaceum (07), Pennisetum glacum (06), Paspalumscrobiculatum (03), Echinochloa crusgalli (3),Eleusine coracana (12), Setaria italica (18), S.verticillata (01), Echinochloa frumentacea (19), andothers (14). In sorghum, five distinct races namelyguinea-caudatum, guinea-bicolor, durra -caudatum,durra-guinea and durra- bicolor were collected. Earhead length of S. bicolor varied from 10.84 (WarGundani, Dhule) - 56.1 cm (Wadnear, Buldana), whereas,ear head weight (g) varied from 9.23 g (Mukthainagar,Jalgaon ) to 556.5 g (Dhamnod Nandurbar). The rangefor 100 seed weight was recorded from 1.65(Khamgaon, Buldana) to 2.92 g (Somawal, Nandurbar).

10.1.2 Collection of wild Asiatic Vigna and other

wild relatives from South Gujarat : Pulses ResearchStation, SDAU, Sardar Krushinagar, Gujarat associatedin this exploration and 110 accessions were collectedfrom 53 collection sites from ten districts of southernGujarat. These included cultivated species Vigna mungo(35), V. radiata (26), V. unguiculata (16), V.aconitifolia (05), Cajanus cajan (03), Oryza sativa(08), Sesamum indicum (01), and wild species Vignatrilobata (03), Cajanus scarabaeoides (03), C.

ba

Fig 10.1. Variability in inflorescence size, shape andcolour in Sorghum bicolor collected

b

albicans (02), Mucuna pruriens (04), Abelmoschustuberculatus (02) and Rhynchosia minima (02). High


yielding and YMV resistant accessions of mungbeanexhibiting hairiness, long and more number of pods, boldseed and early maturity (45 days) were observed fromJabugam and Dhandora villages from Chotta Udaipurdistrict. PTP/DC/AMP-18 was recorded for pod lengthof 9.88cm, 13.2 number of seeds/ pod and 100 seedweight of 4.65g. YMV tolerant Vigna mungo accessionPTP/DC/ AMP-26 from Khos Baswat from ChottaUdaipur was recorded for no. of pods/ cluster (3.6), podlength (4.68cm) and no. of seeds per pod (7.2) with seed

Fig 10.2. Mucuna pruriens collected from South Gujarat

weight (5.12 g). Accessions with determinate/ semideterminate growth habit, medium plant height, hairypods, drought tolerance, resistant to YMV was observedfrom Tarkhunda village from Panchmahal district.

10.2 Characterization of Germplasm

A total of 528 accessions comprising 251 during Rabi2014-15 and 277 during Kharif 2015 werecharacterized. Crop-wise accessions characterized weregrain amaranth (77), linseed (113) and safflower (62),during Rabi 2014-15; and sesame (97), foxtail millet (60),Abelmoschus tuberculatus (58) and horse gram (62)during Kharif 2015. A total of 476 accessions comprisinggrain amaranth (65), chick pea (62), linseed (51),safflower (62) and wheat (236; for terminal heattolerance under NICRA project) were grown during Rabi2015-16. The experiments were conducted in ABD/RBD and the morpho-agronomical characters wererecorded as per the Minimal Descriptors Published byICAR-NBPGR.

Fig 10.3. Field view of pigeonpea mini-core

Fig 10.4. Field view of sesame germplasm


Fig 10.5. Field view of foxtail millet germplasm

10.2.1 Characterization of linseed: Fifty oneaccessions collected form Himachal Pradesh and J&Kand 62 accessions of diverse origin were characterizedfor eight qualitative and six quantitative traits. Promisingaccessions better than check value from HimachalPradesh and Jammu and Kashmir identified for numberof capsules per plant were IC597275 (63.5g), IC96620(62.3g); for 100 seed weight (IC96637 (0.71g), IC96631and IC96633 (0.7g); for yield per plant IC96654 (3.095g) and IC96623 (3.02g).

10.2.2 Characterization of safflower: A total of 62accessions were characterized for 16 agro-morphologicaltraits. Promising accessions better than check valueidentified for capitula per plant were EC398343 (23.4),EC398234 (22.5), EC398254 (22.3); for 100 seed weightEC398170 (14.36g), EC398234 (12.62g); and for yieldper plant EC398157 (61.44g) and EC398246 (56.17g).

10.2.3 Characterization of sesame: A total of 97accessions comprising indigenous (10) and exotic (87)were grown during Kharif 2015 in augmented blockdesign with four checks. Ten agro-morphological traitswere recorded. Promising accessions better than checkvalue identified for plant height were EC358988 (118.02cm), EC355669 (115.8) and EC334963 (115.48); fornumber of seeds per capsule EC342786 (65.4),EC350653 (62.2), for number of capsules/ plantEC359000 (58.0) and EC358988 (51.4).

10.2.4 Characterization of foxtail millet: A total of60 accessions were characterized for 11 qualitative and10 quantitative traits. Promising accessions better thancheck value identified for plant height were IC97298(146.76 cm), IC97103 (146.72 cm), for flag leaf lengthIC91792 (40.46 cm), VS-51 (38.86 cm), L4-213

(35.93cm); for panicle length IC97085 (25.12 cm),IC120213 (23.6 cm), IC120192 (22.92 cm); for 100 seedweight GM-138 (0.4g), IC97103 (0.29g), IC97167 (0.28g) and IC97101 (0.28g).

10.2.5 Characterization of horse gram: A total 62accessions were characterized for nine qualitative andseven quantitative traits. Quantitative traits included plantheight (cm), number of primary branches, number ofpods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, 100seed weight, and yield per plant. Promising accessionsbetter than check value identified for pods per plant wereIC139527 (61.2) and IC139331 (48.3).

10.2.6 Characterization of grain amaranth,buckwheat and faba bean varieties: Eleven varietiesof grain amaranth were characterized for 19 descriptorsat optimum growth stages for PPVFRA Project fordeveloping DUS test guidelines.

10.2.7 All India Coordinated Research Networkon Potential Crops: Characterized 65 accessions ofgrain amaranth germplasm along with the checks GA-1, GA-2, Suvarna and BGA-2 in Augmented BlockDesign during Rabi 2014-15 as per the minimumdescriptor list. Promising accessions better than checkwere identified for different traits viz. early floweringIC42011 (53 days), SKGPA-118 (55 days) and SKGPA-122 (55 days); number of branches IC42011 (6.2),IC95508 (5.4); inflorescence length IC95475(34.16cm),IC95481 (33.94 cm), IC95474 (33.78cm) and yield perplant IC95512 (15.61g), SKGPA -124 (12.58g) andIC95504 (11.79g).

10.2.8 Regeneration and multiplication ofgermplasm. A total of 1,576 accessions were grownfor regeneration and multiplication. This included pigeonpea mini core (150 accessions including four checks),sesame (504), niger (583), foxtail millet (289 ) and wingedbean (50). For screening against terminal heat tolerance(NICRA-NBPGR, 2015-16) 598 accessions/varieties ofgermplasm comprising 231 of wheat germplasm alongwith 5 check varieties were received 150 accessions ofmini core of pigeon pea, 213 accessions of chickpeaand 4 exotic accessions of Sesamum indicum werereceived for multiplication.

10.2.9 Germplasm supply: Supplied 991 accessionsof germplasm of various crops/species to 19 useragencies within India for research purposes underMaterial Transfer Agreements. The crops/species(accessions) supplied were green gram (258), horse gram


(70), grain amaranth (50), okra ( 125), wild okra (66)winged bean (40), foxtail millet (40), finger millet (30),Sesamum (50), wild Sesamum (10), little millet (50) andMomordica charantia (02).

10.2.10 Germplasm Maintenance: A total of 20,262

accessions of various crops/species germplasmcomprising oilseeds (10,002), pulses (4,844), vegetables(1,876), potential crops (1,399), millets (1,433), wildrelatives of crop plants (704) and others (4) are beingmaintained in the medium term storage .

Research Programme (Code, Title, Programme Leader)

PGR/GEV-BUR-AKO-01.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources in the Central Indian Plains [N. Dikshit (w.e.f. 24.1.2015)].


PGR/GEV-BUR-AKO-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of pulses (pigeon pea and chickpea), vegetables (okra) and potential crops(winged bean and amaranth) (Dinesh Chand (w.e.f. 24.1.2015), N. Dikshit and M. Abdul Nizar (till 23.1.2015).

PGR/GEV-BUR-AKO-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of oilseeds (sesame, niger, castor, groundnut, safflower, soybean and linseed),millets and small millets [N. Dikshit, Dinesh Chand and M. Abdul Nizar (till 23.1.2015)].


Summary: A total of six-crop specific explorations under National Exploration Programme (3) and externally funded projects(3) were undertaken and 127 accns. were collected comprising of oilseeds (35), Allium (28), fruits (26) and M & AP (38) fromremote areas of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarakhand. A total of 24 accessions were received for regeneration, characteriza-tion and maintenance. Some of the elite seed samples and live-rooted plant material viz., horticultural crops (1254); M & APand WEUP (551) were supplied to different farmers/ indentors. A total of 979 accessions were supplied to scientists acrossthe country and 143 accessions were deposited in National Genebank for long term conservation.

11REGIONAL STATION, BHOWALI


A total of six explorations were undertaken, three underNational Exploration Programme and three under

externally funded projects to different parts ofUttarakhand, and Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir,and a total of 127 different germplasm comprising ofoilseeds, Allium and M & AP were collected.

Table 11.1. Explorations undertaken during the year 2015

S. Crop/Crop Period Team Collaborating Areas Accessions I II III IV

No. group institute Explored collected Oilseeds Vege- M&AP Fruitstables

A. Under National Exploration Programme (NEP)

1 Crop specific January AK Trivedi CITH Regional Champawat 26 —- —- —- 26(Peach & Pear) 13-17 Station - & PithoragarhRe- collection Mukteshwar, in UK

Nainital, UK

2 Crop specific May 18- 23, AK Trivedi DRMR, Almora, 35 35 —- —- —-(Mustard) Ramit Joshi, Bharatpur Bageshwar

Bhagirath (Rajasthan) & DistrictRam, of UK

3 Crop specific August PS Mehta, DOGR, Ladakh 28 —- 28 —- —-(Allium spp.) 16-28 V Mahajan, Rajguru region of

Anil Khar Nagar, J&KPune (MS)& IARI,New Delhi

B. Under Externally Funded Projects

NFBSFARA project

4 Crop specific September SN Ojha NBRI, Pithoragarh 11 —- —- 11 —-(Coleus and 14 -23 Lucknow, & Uttara-Gloriosa) U.P kashi,UK

Ocimum project

5 Crop specific February Rajni —- Block 07 —- —- 07 —-(Ocimum spp.) 20-25 Rawat Bhimtal,

Nainital,UK

6 Crop specific October CS Raghav NBPGR, Mandakini 20 —- —- 20 —-(Ocimuum spp.) 5-12 Rajni Rawat New Delhi and

Alaknandavalley inGarhwal,UK

Grand Total 127 35 28 38 26


11.2 Germplasm Enrichment

A total of 24 accessions of rice bean were receivedthrough Germplasm Exchange Unit, NBPGR.

11.3 Germplasm Characterization andEvaluation

11.3.1 Germplasm characterization, regenerationand seed multiplication of field crops: The germplasmaccns. collected from Kumaon and Garhwal regions ofUttarakhand were grown at Bhowali forcharacterization, regeneration and multiplication duringRabi 2014-2015 and Kharif 2015 (Tables 11.2-11.5).

Table 11.2. Multiplication/Seed Increase for Long TermStorage (LTS) in National Genebank during Kharif 2015and Rabi 2014-15

Crop No. of accessions

Kharif 2015

Soybean 90Paddy 53

Rabi 2015-16

Kalon 03Pea 01Coriander 10Fenugreek 11

Grand Total 168

Table 11.3. Promising accessions identified in field crops evaluated during Rabi 2014-2015 and Kharif 2015

Crop Attributes/ Trait (with best check) Promising accessions identified

Rabi 2014-15Barley (Hordeum Plant height (cm) VLB-64 (> 102.54) PI-392251 (138.25), PI-429944 (138),vulgare) (648 accessions) IC393149 (133), IC393154 (133)Checks 04: (VLB-56, No. of effective tillers/plant VLB-56 (> 4.95) EC492264 (18.0), EC492200 (16.6),VLB-64, VLB-1 & EC492340 (14.0)VLB-85) Days to 75% spike emergence VLB-56 (< 130) PI-360819 (114), PI-360818 (115), PI-360822

(116), PI-360823 (116), PI-2318 (117)Days to 80% maturity VLB-85 (< 171.10) IC279942 (162), IC281573 (164),

IC281581 (164), IC356080 (164),IC361360(164)

Number of seeds/ spike VLB-1 (> 53.42) PI-328069 (78.8), EC481704 (77.4),IC260883 (75.4)

100 seed weight (g) VLB-85 (> 4.10) EC492264 (6.95), EC492173 (6.74),EC492308 (6.68), IC356122 (6.52)

Mustard (Brassica spp.) Plant height (cm) Rajat (> 133.85) IC430027 (184), IC393214 (178),(400 accessions) IC419806 (175)Checks 04:(Kranti, Days to 50% flowering Pusa Jai Kisan IC262130 (68), IC262133 (68), IC262134PT-303, Pusa Jai Kisan (< 81.5) (68), IC262135 (68), IC262140 (68),& Rajat) IC262141 (68), IC262147 (68)

Days to 80% maturity Pusa Jai Kisan IC356065 (156)(< 162.5)No. of siliqua/ plant Rajat (> 290.6) IC524246 (881.4), IC393158 (868.2),

IC341331 (839.8)1000 seed weight (g) Rajat (> 2.3) IC393243 (3.88), IC430370 (3.12),

IC383550 (3.01)

Wheat (Triticum spp.) Plant height (cm) VL-616 (> 87.63) IC266733 (175.4), IC406685 (170.8),(1,371 accessions) PI207770 (140.8)Checks 05: (VL – 616, No. of effective tillers/ plant VL-907 (> 4.61) PI322182 (11.6), PI322269 (10.4)VL- 832, VL- 738, Days to 75% spike emergence VL-907 IC279766 (114), IC279870 (124)VL- 892 & VL-907) (<147.13)

Days to 80% maturity VL-907 (< 190.8) IC260582 (181), IC260918 (181)100 seed weight (g) VL-907 (> 4.08) IC73579 (6.54), IC589301(6.48), PI64525

(6.25)Kharif 2015Soybean (Glycine max) Days to 50% flowering VLS-21 (< 53.67) EC39742 (41), EC39743 (41)(605 accessions) Plant height (cm) VLS-47 (> 67.33) IC345660 (154.4), IC574367 (150.8),Checks 07: (VLS-2, IC548683 (148.2)VLS-21, VLS-47, VLS-54, Days to 80% maturity VLS-21 (< 111) EC33776 (81), EC37053 (82)VLS-59, VLS-63, and No. of pods/plant VLS-63 (> 90.27) IC266916 (381), IC266821 (346),VLS-77) IC278357 (305.2), IC266780 (301)

100 seed weight (g) VLS-21 (> 17) EC39095 (26.14), EC771203 (24.58),EC771224 (24.54)


Table 11.4. Range of variations in field crops during Rabi 2014-2015 and Kharif 2015

Crop Character Range Mean CV%

Min Max

Rabi 2014-15 Crops

Barley (Hordeum Plant height (cm) 50.60 138.25 94.22 15.91vulgare) (648 accessions) No. of effective tillers/plant 1.60 18.00 4.25 34.20Checks 04: (VLB-56, Days to 75% spike emergence 114 167 134.60 7.63VLB-64, VLB-1 & VLB-85) Days to 80% maturity 162 191 173.45 3.92

Number of seeds/ spike 19.20 78.80 45.49 24.21100 seed weight (g) 2.02 6.95 4.00 20.02

Mustard (Brassica spp.) Plant height (cm) 53.60 184 107.53 24.09(400 accessions) Checks 04:(Kranti, Days to 50% flowering 68 153 98.38 19.86PT-303, Pusa Jai Kisan & Days to 80% maturity 156 199 171.44 7.60Rajat) No. of siliqua/ plant 14 881.40 260.10 61.10

1000 seed weight (g) 1.00 3.88 2.15 11.04Wheat (Triticum spp.) Plant height (cm) 37.0 175.5 87.9 20.60(1371 accessions) No. of effective tillers/ plant 1.80 11.6 4.20 34.0Checks 05: (VL – 616, VL-832, Days to 75% spike emergence 114 178 148.4 6.32VL- 738, VL- 892 & VL-907) Days to 80% maturity 181 213 192.6 2.30

100 seed weight (g) 1.10 6.54 3.9 17.6

Kharif 2015 CropsSoybean Days to 50% flowering 41 94 63.14 15.40(Glycine max) (605 accessions) Plant height (cm) 15 154.40 65.78 44.48Checks 07: (VLS-2, VLS-21, Days to 80% maturity 81 157 114.30 10.81VLS-47, VLS-54, VLS-59, No. of pods/plant 7.60 381 89.15 60.94VLS-63, and VLS-77) 100 seed weight (g) 3.81 26.14 10.95 42.69

Table 11.5. Germplasm evaluation and characterization during Rabi 2015-16

Crop No. of accessions Date of Sowing Checks Used

Triticum spp. 114 19.11.2015 Pusa Jai Kisan, Rajat, Kranti, PT-303 and T-9Avena spp. 27 19.11.2015 VL-616, VL-738, VL-832, VL-892 and VL-907Aegilops spp. 87 19.11.2015 VLB-01, VLB-56, VLB-64 and VLB-85Lentil 982 26.11.2015 PL-406 , PL-639, VL-1, VL-105, VL-108 and VL-830Mustard 35 30.11.2015 Pusa Jaikishan, Rajat, Kranti, PT-303 and T-9

Total 1,245

11.3.2 Germplasm characterization, regeneration andseed multiplication of horticultural crops

11.3.2.1. Characterization and evaluation of fruits:After continuous evaluation of fruit crops at this station,the following accns. were found promising viz., in citrus

Fig 11.1. Field Genebank - Rosemary Fig 11.2. Ocimum field evaluation

Brazilian Malta (EC669069) - having large size fruit withgood eye catching appeal, Hisalu (IC258065)- large sizefruit with more antioxidant properties, Apricot -IC360692 very good eye catching appeal and large sizefruit.


11.3.3 Germplasm characterization, regenerationand seed multiplication of M & AP and wildeconomically useful plants (WEUP):

11.3.3.1 Oil extraction: Oil extracted through hydrodistillation unit yielded Lavandula angustifolia (6.3 ml){IC273868 (50 g – 1.1 ml), IC449508 (90 g – 2.7 ml),IC449514 (30 g – 0.9 ml), IC212822 (40 g – 1.6 ml)},Lemon grass oil (9.46 Kg), camphor oil (620 g), Tagetesoil (95 g), Ageratum conyzoides oil (0.2 ml), Origanumvulgare oil (0.7 ml), Lavandula stoechas oil (1.2 ml),lemon grass oil (1490 ml), geranium oil (51 ml) anddifferent accessions of Ocimum spp. oil (7.2 ml).

11.3.4 Trait specific genetic stock identified

11.3.4.1 Field crops : Rabi 2014-15: wheat PI322182for no. of effective tillers/ plant (11.6); barley EC492264for 100 seed weight (6.95 g), rapeseed mustardIC524246 for no. of siliqua/ plant (881.4) and IC422028for 1000 seed weight (3.88 g); Kharif 2015: SoybeanIC266916 for no. of pod/plant (381).

11.3.4.2 Horticultural crops: Paro wild apple Malusbaccata genetic stock (a unique apple accession SKV/RRA/AK/1843), collected from > 100 years old plant(16 m tall plant, 40.34 cm trunk diameter, no. of fruit /branch 4-7) at Jadapani, Nainital, Uttarakhand. Hilllemon (Pahari Nimbu), IC319067 also being maintainedin FGB.

11.3.4.3 M&AP crops: Ocimum basilicum var.difforme EC388892 for plant height (36.8 cm), andOcimum basilicum var. basilicum EC388899 forherbage yield (429.17 g).

11.4. Germplasm Conservation

11.4.1 Germplasm conservation in MTS: A total of11,565 accessions have been maintained in MTS Crop

Table 11.6. Citrus spp. evaluation during 2015

Crop No. of accessions Characters Range of variationMin. Max. Mean CV %

Kagazi nimboo 17 Tree height (m) 1.2 2.7 2.18 20.2(Citrus aurantifolia ) No. of fruits/tree 7 74 30.7 65.7

Fruit weight (g) 18 30 24.3 14.5TSS (0Brix) 6 7 6.41 7.91Fruit length (cm) 3.17 3.99 3.69 5.31Fruit width (cm) 2.73 3.39 3.13 5.35

Malta (Citrus sinensis) 21 Tree height (m) 1.5 4.6 2.59 36No. of fruit/tree 1.5 98.5 30.7 69.6Fruit weight (g) 32 150 105 31.5TSS (0Brix) 10 13 11.3 7.36Fruit length (cm) 3.41 6.15 5.4 12.7Fruit width (cm) 3.72 6.52 5.7 13.03

group wise status is as follows: cereals (3,345), pseudo-cereals (568), millets and minor millets (552), pulses(3,770), oilseeds (540), vegetables (360), spices andcondiments (1,919), medicinal and aromatic plants (180),wild relatives of crops (311) and ornamental crops (20).

11.4.2 Germplasm conservation in FGB (1,285):

11.4.2.1 Germplasm conservation of horticulturalcrops (423): Fruits-314 accessions [(Actinidiachinensis (07), Aegle marmelos (01), Averrhoacarambola (01), Citrus spp. (65) – {C. jambhiri (04),C.sp. (09),C. sinensis (19), Poncirus trifoliata (01),C. aurantifolia (23), C. medica (05), C. aurantium(01), C. grandis (03)}, Carissa carandas (02), Cordiamyxa (01), Corylus avellana (01), Cotoneastermicrophylla (01), Diospyros kaki (03), Elaeagnuslatifolia (02), Emblica officinalis (04), Eriobotryajaponica (01), Ficus carica (04), Fragaria vesca (79),Juglans regia (21), Morus serrata (01), Myricaesculenta (01), Passiflora edulis (01), Prunusamygdalus (03), Prunus avium (03), Malus domestica(23), Prunus armeniaca (14),Prunus persica (18),Pyrus communis (18), Prunus domestica (06), Punicagranatum (10), Rubus ellipticus (18), Vitis vinifera(04), Vitis jacquomontii (01)]; vegetables 1225accessions (Capsicum annuum-1225 accessions);ornamental crops 109 accessions (Araliaelegantissima (01), Calandula officinalis (01),Camellia japonica (01), Centaurea cyanus (02),Cinnamomum sp. (01), Codonopsis convolvulacea(01), Dahlia sp. (19), Delphinium ajacis (02),Delphinium stapfiosum (01), Gladiolus sp. (31),Gaillardia sp. (02), Gompherina sp. (01), Helichrysumbracteatum (01), Hydrangea paniculata (01),Juniperus sp. (01), Lagerstroemia indica (01),Narcissus sp. (01), Petunia hybrida (01), Phlox


paniculata (02), Phlox sp. (01), Polianthes tuberosa(01), Spiraea arcuata (01), Spiraea canescens (01),Tagetes minuta (01), Tagetes spp. (29), Tropaeolummajus (01), Viola tricolor (02), Wisteria sinensis (01))are maintained in MTS, greenhouse (plants in about 2500pots and 5000 polythene packets); / Field Genebank/MTS.

11.4.2.2 Germplasm conservation of medicinal andaromatic plants – M & AP (672): A total of 445accessions (indigenous -304 accessions + exotic-141accessions : vegetatively propagated - 125; seedproducing- 320) comprising of 260 species belonging to153 genera of 37 families and WEUP 227 accessionsof arborescent species (178), bamboo (38), foragegrasses (10), Hordeum bulbosum (01) have beenconserved in the MTS / Field Gene Bank / herbal gardenof the station.

11.4.2.3 Germplasm conservation of bulbous crop(190): A total of 190 accessions Allium spp. wereconserved.

Fig 11.3. Promising genetic stock of Rubus spp.

conservation under LTS. Different crops were alsosupplied within the Bureau and to other institutes forresearch purposes and exhibition.

11.5.2 Germplasm supplied to farmers : Seedsamples and live rooted / grafted plant material viz.Horticulture (1254): hill Lemon (143), kagazi nimbu(363), kiwi plants (459), malta (239), strawberry (50) ;M&AP. & WEUPs: (551): Allium spp. (50), Aloe(05), Artemisia (10), Asparagus (10), garden sage (37),geranium (31), gingko (02), gymnosperm (05), karchoor(02), lavender (77), lemon grass (41), oregano (70),rosemary (157), stevia (04), thyme (20) and others (30)were supplied to different farmers.

11.5.3 Biochemical Analysis (805): Paddy (157),wheat (248) and mustard (400) were sent to ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi; BHU; Varanasi, UP and ICAR-DRMR, Bharatpur, Rajasthan.

11.6 Externally Funded Projects

11.6.1 Production of phyto-chemicals from bestchemotypes of some threatened medicinal plantsthrough modified cultivation and in-vitro productiontechnologies” under NFBSFARA project: Oneexploration trip was conducted and eleven collectionsviz., Gloriosa superba (02) and Coleus forskohlii (09)were collected and conserved in FGB.

11.6.2 Collection of Ocimum spp. germplasm andidentification of elite species to develop agro-techniques for cultivation under GBPI/ IERPfunded project: Two exploration trips for Ocimum spp.were conducted and total of 27 collections viz. O.basilicum (13), O. sanctum (05) O. viride (08) and O.kilimandscharicum (01) were made.

11.6.2.1 Preliminary evaluation of Ocimum spp.:90 accessions of Ocimum spp. viz. O.basilicum var.pilosum (08), O. basilicum var. basilicum (09), O.basilicum var. glabratum (04), O.basilicum var.difforme (09), O. basilicum var. purpurascens (05),O. citriodorum (06), O. gratissimum (05), O.americanum (03), O.thyrsiflorum (02), O. sanctum(06), O. basilicum (17), O. kilimandscharicum (01),O. canum (01), Ocimum spp. (04) with checks (10) werecharacterized and a few of the superior genotypes wereidentified as highlighted in Table 11.7.

11.5. Germplasm Supply

11.5.1 Germplasm supplied: 979 accessions weresupplied to various indentors under material transferagreement. A total of 143 accessions viz., chilli (06accessions), wheat (26), paddy (22), finger millet (08),mustard (35), soybean (46) were supplied to NGB for


Table 11.7. Range, mean and promising accessions identified in Ocimum spp. during 2015

Crop No. of Characters Range of variation Superioraccessions genotypes

Min. Max. Mean

O. basilicum var. pilosum 07 Spike length (cm) 19.5 24.2 21.90Plant height (cm) 66.9 79.5 73.43Fresh herbage yield /plant (g) 127.51 353.17 181.72Plant canopy (cm2) 1409.33 2295 1897.88Oil % DWB 0.6% 5% 1.58%

O. basilicum var. basilicum 07 Spike length (cm) 18.0 31.4 26.12Plant height (cm) 80.5 97.5 90.84Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 138.45 429.17 281.04 (EC388899) -Plant canopy (cm2) 2244.4 4889.81 3364.44 429.17 gOil % DWB 0.05% 1.29% 0.65%

O. basilicum var. glabratum 02 Spike length (cm) 23.2 34.0 28.6Plant height (cm) 91.8 94.7 93.29Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 304.5 351.35 327.92Plant canopy (cm2) 3001.66 3161.40 3081.53Oil % DWB 0.3% 0.8% 0.55%

O. basilicum var. difforme 09 Spike length (cm) 22.7 36.8 29.92 (EC388892)-Plant height (cm) 81.2 101.7 90.65 36.8 cmFresh herbage yield / plant (g) 180.94 298.14 214.68Plant canopy (cm2) 2132.96 3858.58 3171.34Oil % DWB 0.62% 1.5% 0.92%

O. basilicum var. purpurascens 02 Spike length (cm) 19.1 26.9 23.01Plant height (cm) 73.7 88.04 80.90Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 99.89 276.42 188.15Plant canopy (cm2) 1428.57 4177.78 2803.17Oil % DWB - - 0.5%

O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum 03 Spike length (cm) 16.3 20.3 17.83Plant height (cm) 71.7 79.7 75.65Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 234.98 292.91 269.9Plant canopy (cm2) 553.228 741.20 661.01

O. citriodorum 06 Spike length (cm) 11.5 30.76 23.91 (EC338785)-Plant height (cm) 44.6 124.68 86.68 124.68 cmFresh herbage yield / plant (g) 107.19 343.80 279.40Plant canopy (cm2) 980.01 3046.19 2265.84

O. sanctum 04 Spike length (cm) 8.0 9.1 8.42Plant height (cm) 44.0 77.0 54.31Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 54.06 85.06 72.26Plant canopy (cm2) 967.33 2292.24 1352.21Oil % DWB - - -

O. viride 12 Spike length (cm) 9.7 22.2 17.94Plant height (cm) 41.3 79.9 64.50Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 97.59 341.82 189.66Plant canopy (cm2) 1127.47 5497.11 2663.44Oil % DWB 0.003% 0.26 % 0.15%

O. gratissimum 01 Spike length(cm) - - 10.8Plant height (cm) - - 102.6Fresh herbage yield / Plant (g) - - 41.21Plant canopy (cm2) - - 787.53Oil % DWB - - -

O. kilimandscharicum 01 Spike length (cm) - - 18.1Plant height (cm) - - 68.66Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) - - 230.58Plant canopy (cm2) - - 1697.02Oil % DWB - - 2%


Programme (Code, Title, Programme Leader)

PGR/PGC-BHO-01.00 - Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of the Northern Himalayas and adjoining plains (SK Verma)

Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co-PIs and Associates)

PGR/PGC-BHO-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of field crops with emphasis on ethnobotanical aspects (AK Trivedi, up to July20, 2015, IS Bisht, (w.e.f. September 1, 2015), SK Verma, KS Negi and PS Mehta)

PGR/PGC-BHO-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of temperate horticultural crops (SK Verma, K S Negi, AK Trivedi (up to July 20,2016) and IS Bisht (w.e.f. September 1, 2015))

PGR/PGC-BHO-01.03: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of medicinal and aromatic, wild economically useful, rare and endangeredspecies (KS Negi, SK Verma, AK Trivedi (up to July 20, 2016), and IS Bisht (w.e.f. September 1, 2015) and A Raina)

PGR/PGC-BHO-01.04: Strengthening benefit enhancing options of native crop diversity for sustainable food, nutritionand livelihood security of farmer households: a case study from Uttarakhand Himalaya (IS Bisht, SK Verma, KSNegi and PS Mehta)

Externally funded projects:

1. Production of phyto-chemicals from best chemotypes of some threatened medicinal plants through modifiedcultivation and in-vitro production technologies under NFBSFARA. KS Negi (CCPI)

2. Collection of Ocimum spp. germplasm and identification of elite species to develop agro-techniques for cultivationunder GBPI/ IERP funded project. KS Negi (CCPI)

101BASE CENTRE, CUTTACK

Summary: Three explorations were undertaken and 123 accessions comprising Porteresia coarctata, cultivated rice, wildrelatives of Cucumis, Abelmoschus and other crops (76) were collected from Odisha and West Bengal. Significant germplasmcollections include salt tolerant rice germplasm like Rahaspanjar, Nonabokra, Luna Bakhada, Lunapateni, Bhaluki. A totalof 1,167 accessions comprising cultivated rice (852), black gram (25), green gram (25), millets (32), wild Oryza species(132), Ocimum spp. (69), Mucuna pruriens (21), Hibiscus sabdariffa (11) were characterized and promising genotypes wereidentified for different agro-morphological traits. A set of 136 accessions of cultivated rice was evaluated for submergence/deep water/ salinity tolerance and promising genotypes were identified. Phytochemical evaluation of Mucuna and Ocimumgermplasm was undertaken. A total of 3,357 accessions were grown/ vegetatively propagated for multiplication/characterization/evaluation. In all 239 accessions were supplied to three ICAR institutes. Ethno-botanical information andindigenous traditional knowledge on different plant genetic resources were documented and 1,150 herbarium specimenswere maintained.


12.1 Exploration and Germplasm Collection

During the reporting period three exploration missionswere undertaken and a total of 123 accessionscomprising Porteresia coarctata (10), cultivated rice

(37) and wild relatives of Cucumis, Abelmoschus andother crops (76) were collected from different agro-ecological regions of Odisha and West Bengal. Theexploration wise details are given in table 12.1.

Table 12.1. Details of exploration and germplasm collection undertaken during 2015

Crops/Species Areas Collaborator Period of Collection No. of No. ofcollection sites spp. accessions

Wild rice Kendrapara, Bhadrak and ICAR-NRRI, October 8 1 10(Porteresia coarctata) Jagatsinghpur (Bhitarkanika Cuttack 17-21

Wildlife Sanctuary,Odisha)

Wild relatives of Gajapati, Rayagada and ICAR-CHES December 53 12 76Abelmoschus and Koraput districts (Odisha) (IIHR), 8-18Cucumis Bhubaneswar

Salt tolerant rice Balasore, Bhadrak, ICAR-NRRI, December 16 1 37(Oryza sativa) Kendrapada-Odisha and Cuttack 18-24

Midnapore-WBTOTAL 77 14 123

12.1.1 Collection of Porteresia coarctata from partsof Odisha: A total of 10 accessions of Porteresiacoarctata was collected from mangrove habitat aroundthe periphery of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary coveringten wild collection sites. The district wise collectionsinclude two accessions from Kendrapara, six fromBhadrak and two from Jagatsinghpur. Variability withrespect to growth habit, duration of maturity, panicle type,leaf size, and leaf colour was recorded during theexploration. The live plants collected from their naturalhabitats are being maintained in the field genebank forfuture utilization.

12.1.2 Collection of wild relatives of Abelmoschusand Cucumis from Odisha: A total of 76 germplasmaccessions comprising Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii(34), C. melo var. agrestis (15), C. callosus (4),

Fig 12.1. Collecting Porteresia coarctata from the outerperiphery of natural mangroves


Fig 12.2. Porteresia coarctata - A salt tolerant wildrelative of Oryza in its natural mangrove habitat

Abelmoschus angulosus var. purpureus (3), A.manihot subsp. tetraphyllus (4), A. ficulneus (5),Hibiscus sabdariffa (7), H. aculeatus (1) and other(3) were collected from different landscapes rangingfrom 40 to 1100 msl.

The explored region includes biodiversity rich-spotscovering tribal dominated areas such as Mahendragiri,Niyamgiri and part of Deomali hilly tracts of Odisha.Thetribal communities such as Kandha, Dongria Kandha,Bhumia, Paraja and Gadaba were interacted andindigenous traditional knowledge on use of plant geneticresources were collected. A good diversity in fruit size,shape and texture in Cucumis germplasm was recordedduring the exploration. Among Cucumis sativus var.hardwickii, variation in fruit shape (spherical, oval,ellipsoid to oblong), size (2.8 to 12.8 cm long and 3.0 to

Fig 12.3. Collecting Cucumis sativus var. hardwickiifrom Gajapati district

8.1 cm width) and skin colour (thick to thin striped,spinous to tubercled) was recorded with maximum fruitsize measuring 12.8 x 8.1 cm (RCM/LKB/57). Thedistribution of this species was found to be maximum athigher elevations between 500 and 1100 m MSL. A gooddiversity in fruits was also recorded in different speciesof Abelmoschus, particularly having longest capsulemore than 7 cm (RCM/LKB/22) in A. angulosus var.purpureus.

Fig 12.4. Collecting salt tolerant rice germplasm(Bhaluki) from East Medinapore (WB)

Fig 12.5. Abelmoschus ficulneus from Rayagadadistrict


12.1.3 Collection of salt tolerant rice from Odishaand WB: The explored region is categorized into alluvialplain, marshy/inundated area, deltaic flood plains andcoastal plains with wide variation in soil types and higherlevel of soil salinity. A total of 39 accessions ofgermplasm comprising salt tolerant cultivated rice (37)and wild Solanum species (2) was collected from 27collection sites. The district wise collections include fiveaccessions from Kendrapara, nine accessions fromBhadrak and 11 accessions from Balasore and 12accessions from East Medinapore. Wide range ofvariability in respect of various morpho-agronomic traitssuch as plant morphology, panicle type, grain type, graincolour, grain weight etc. was recorded.

12.1.4 New records of plant genetic resources:Ocimum kilimandscharicum Guerke (Lamiaceae), aliento the Indian flora, used as medicinal plant and bio-pesticide by local tribes, was found from the naturalhabitats of Odisha (IC599299 and IC599345) and its wildoccurrence was found to be a new record for peninsularIndia. The seed germplasm bearing accns. no IC599299

and IC599345 were conserved in NGB, New Delhi andthe collected specimens (RC Misra 918-919 & 954-955)have been preserved as herbarium materials. Besides,the occurrence of Hedychium flavescens Carey exRoscoe in the semi-evergreen forests of Niyamgiri hillsof Odisha used as ornamental and medicinal plant byDongria Kandha primitive tribes revealed its a newdistributional record for Eastern and Central India(Fig.12.6). The collected rhizome germplasm bearingaccessions no IC612508 was conserved in NGB, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi and the collected specimens (RCMisra143-1144 and 1161-62) have been preserved asherbarium materials.


Out of 3,357 accessions of various crops grown during2015, a set of 1,167 accessions comprising cultivatedrice (852), black gram (25), green gram (25), millets (32),wild Oryza species (132), Ocimum spp. (69), Mucunapruriens (21), Hibiscus sabdariffa (11) werecharacterized, and another set of 136 accessions of ricegermplasm was evaluated for submergence/ deep water/salinity tolerance. Promising genotypes among all thecrops were identified for different agro-morphologicaltraits and abiotic stresses.

12.2.1 Cultivated rice: Out of 2,973 accessions ofrice germplasm grown during Kharif 2015 a set of 852accessions was characterized for 28 agro-morphologicaltraits along with six checks (Panidhan, Ketakijoha,Tulsi, Kalajira, Jyoti and Geetanjali). Each accessionswas maintained in three rows in augmented block designwith 20 x20 cm spacing between rows and plants. Therange of variability for both qualitative and quantitativetraits was recorded and promising accessions for variousagronomic traits were identified (Table 12.2).

Table 12.2. Range of variation in quantitative traits among cultivated rice germplasm (Kharif-2015)

Traits Range Promising lines

Minimum Maximum

Plant height (cm) 55.96 (IRGC-52) 204.24 (IRGC-578002) IRGC-578002,66516, 65868, 58245EBT 1.80 (IRGC-78392) 11.20 (IRGC-49746) IRGC- 49746, 79385, 100009, 144547Leaf length (cm) 24.68 (IRGC-55865) 84.92 (IRGC-578002) IRGC-578002, 578004, 142548Leaf width(cm) 0.52 (IRGC-52) 2.86 (IRGC-139994) IRGC- 139994, 89143, 142532Panicle length (cm) 16.14 (IRGC-52) 37.18 (IRGC-577150) IRGC- 577150, 144549, 144639Panicle wt. (g) 4.08 (IRGC-34317, 034326) 32.43 (IRGC-81412) IRGC-81412100 seed wt. (g) 1.08 (IRGC-045628, 3.74 (IRGC-078245, IRGC-078245, 381981

068021) 381981)

Fig 12.6. Hedychium flavescens conserved in the fieldgene bank


Table 12.3. Herbage yield and essential oil content of promising genotypes in Ocimum species

Species Highest herbage Highest essential oilyield/ plant (g) (accession) yield/ plant (ml) (accession)

Ocimum tenuiflorum 661.0 (IC599368) 1.7 (IC589192, IC599368)O. gratissimum 716.0 (IC589184) 2.1 (IC599344, IC599298, IC589227)O. basilicum 622.0 (IC599318) 1.3 (IC599318, IC599351)O. americanum 363.0 (IC589233) 1.2 (IC589233, IC599367, IC599288)O. kilimandscharicum 414.0 (IC599299) 1.8 (IC599299)O. citriodorum 524.0 (IC599354) 1.8 (IC599354, IC599357)

12.2.6 Mucuna pruriens: Twenty one accessions of Mucuna pruriens were multiplied and characterised in RBDwith two replications. The genotypes such as IC599282, IC599358 and IC599330 were identified for maximuminflorescence/ plant, pods/cluster, clusters/plant, seeds/pod; seed width and 100 seed weight and pod width respec-tively (Table 12.4).

Table 12.4. Range of variation in Mucuna germplasm

Traits RangeMinimum Maximum

Odd leaflet length (cm) 10.58 (IC599290) 14.68 (IC599366)Odd leaflet width (cm) 6.8 (IC599361) 9.86 (IC599300)Even leaflet length (cm) 11.28 (IC599369) 16.26 (IC599361)Even leaflet width (cm) 6.8 (IC599369) 12.2 (IC599282)Inflorescence length (cm) 6.86 (IC599331) 30.7 (IC599310)Inflorescence/ plant 07 (IC599358) 31 (IC599282)No. of pods/cluster 5.4 (IC599336) 18 (IC599282)Pod clusters/plant 5.0 (IC599336) 22.0 (IC599282)Pod length (cm) 6.76 (IC599320) 9.36 (IC599369)Pod width (cm) 1.6 (IC599320) 2.0 (IC599330)No. of seeds/pod 5.0 (IC599290) 6.0 (IC599282, IC599306, IC599369)Seed length (cm) 0.94 (IC599350) 1.24 (IC599296)Seed width (cm) 0.68 (IC599361) 0.86 (I 599358)100 seed wt. (g) 20.9 (IC-599320) 46.02 (IC599358)

12.2.2 Green gram: A set of 25 accessions of greengram germplasm received from RS, Hyderabad weregrown in RBD with three replications for second seasoncharacterization during Rabi 2015. Five standard checkvarieties such as Pusa Vishal, ML-267, K-851, LGG-460 and PDM-54 were sown with a spacing of 45 cmand 10 cm between lines and plants, respectively.Observations on various agro-morphological traits wererecorded as per the minimal descriptor.

12.2.3 Black gram: A set of 25 accessions of blackgram germplasm received from RS, Hyderabad weregrown in RBD with two replications for second seasoncharacterization during Rabi, 2015. Five standard checkvarieties such as PDU-35, T-9, PU-19, PU-35 and LBG-20 were sown with a spacing of 45 cm and 10 cmbetween lines and plants respectively. Observations onvarious agro-morphologicaltraits were recorded as perthe minimal descriptor.

12.2.4 Millets: A set of 32 accessions of which milletsgermplasm collected from Kandhamal district of Odishain grown in RBD with two replications during Kharif2015 for characterization. Observations on various agro-morphological traits were recorded as per the minimaldescriptor.

12.2.5 Ocimum germplasm: A set of 69 accessionsof Ocimum germplasm comprising Ocimumamericanum (21), O. basilicum (11), O. tenuiflorum(14), O. gratissimum (9), O. citriodorum (12) and O.kilimandscharicum (2) were multiplied andcharacterized for second year for 31 agro-morphologicaland economic traits in RBD with two replications. Theeconomic traits such as herbage yield, essential oil yield/plant were evaluated. The promising genotypes identifiedfor highest herbage yield and essential oil content undereach species are given in Table 12.3.


12.2.7 Hibiscus sabdariffa: Eleven accessions of Hibiscus sabdariffa were multiplied and characterized for 30agro-morphological and economic traits. The economic traits like fresh leaf yield/ plant and fresh calyx yield/ plantwere evaluated and the superior genotypes such as IC610799 and IC610800 were identified for a number of multipleagro-morphological and economic traits like maximum plant height, stem diameter, leaf length/ width, leaves/ plant,leaf yield/ plant and calyx yield/ plant, fruits/ plant, capsule width (Table 12.5).

Table 12.5. Range of variation in morpho-agronomic traits of Hibiscus sabdariffa

Traits RangeMinimum Maximum

Primary branches/plant 17.7 (IC610799) 26.40 (IC614089)Stem diameter(mm) 17.6 (IC610682) 26.9 (IC610800)Leaf length (cm) 11.16 (IC614078) 17.36 (IC610800)Leaf width (cm) 10.07 (IC614078) 20.5 (IC610799)Petiole length (cm) 6.22 (IC614078) 10.15 (IC610799)No. of leaf lobes 4.0 (IC610682) 5.0 (IC610799, IC610800)Plant height (cm) 151.61 (IC610747) 214.95 (IC610799)No. of leaves /plant 291.66 (IC614084) 666.165 (IC610800)Fresh leaves yield/ plant (g) 176.42 (IC614090) 1050.71 (IC610800)Petiole yield/plant 22.5 (IC614090) 130.3 (IC610800)Epicalyxes segment no. 8.5 (IC610799) 10.40 (RCM/MR - 26)Calyx length (cm) 2.77 (IC610800) 4.58 (IC610682)Calyx width(cm) 2.44 (IC610800) 2.73 (RCM/MR-26)Fresh calyx yield/plant (g) 152.08 (IC610747) 479.34 (IC610800)No. of fruits/plant 119 (IC614084) 258.5 (IC610800)Capsule length (cm) 2.07 (IC610799, IC610800) 2.67 (RCM/PKS - 155)Capsule width (cm) 1.3 (IC614090) 1.69 (IC610800 )10 fruits weight 31.51 (IC614090) 61.19 (RCM/PKS - 155)No. of seeds/fruit 24.2 (IC614090) 31.6 (IC614084)1000 seed weight (g) 19.58 (IC610800) 26.99 (RCM/MR - 26)


12.3.1 Evaluation of cultivated rice forsubmergence, deep water and salinity stress: Atotal of 136 accessions of rice germplasm was evaluatedfor identification of elite germplasm for submergence

(55), deep water (48) and salinity tolerance. Theexperiment was conducted in RBD with two replicationsin controlled condition for submergence and deep waterstress and in fields high with salinity (EC8.0 ds/m) forsalinity stress. Standard checks for submergence anddeep water stress viz, Dinesh, Swarnasub-1, Jalamagna

Table 12.6. Observation on yield attributing traits among salt tolerant genotypes of rice (Kharif-2015)

Traits Range Mean SEM ± CV (%) Promising Accessions Best Check

Plant height (cm) 86.5-198.8 156.2 4.25 5.2 IC594013, IC596840, IC594003 Pokkali(148.0)Leaf length (cm) 18.6-65.2 45.8 5.0 11.2 IC596840, IC594019, IC594027 Pokkli(50.3)Leaf width(cm) 0.6-1.9 1.1 1.0 8.5 IC594027, IC596820 CSR-10(1.0)EBT 1.5-15.6 6.3 1.2 13.8 IC594020, IC594009, IC594013 Pokkali-10(8.5)Panicle length (cm) 10.1-29.2 21.3 2.3 7.2 IC594019, IC596840, Pokkali(28.6)Panicle wt. (g) 1.2-5.4 3.9 0.21 3.7 IC594013, IC594003, IC596840 Pokkali(5.3)100 seed wt. (g) 1.4-2.4 1.6 0.08 2.3 IC594013, IC594027, IC594019 CSR-10(2.8)Sterility (%) 13.0-39.4 23.8 3.10 16.2 IC 594003, IC594013, CSR-10(19.5)

IC594020, IC593993Yield/ plant (g) 1.8-18.4 13.2 2.22 23.1 IC594003, IC594020, IC594009, Pokkali(12.8)

IC594019


(tolerant), and check varieties for salt tolerance viz, IR-42, IR-64 (susceptible) and Pokkali, CSR-10, SR- 26B(salt tolerant) and IR29 and IR 64 (salt susceptible) wereused. Observation on nine yield attributing traits (Table12.6) along with percentage of survival, internodeelongation and number of days to recover after de-submergence has been recorded for identification ofsuitable donors for submergence and deepwater varietalbreeding programme.

12.3.2 Estimation of L-Dopa (%) of seed samplesof Mucuna spp.: The seed samples of 25 accessionsof Mucuna pruriens collected from wild habitats ofdifferent agro-ecological zones of Odisha were evaluatedfor estimation of active compound L-Dopa (%). Fourpromising accessions i.e. IC599290, IC599336,IC599361, IC599350 were identified for very high L-Dopa (%) bearing 7.09, 6.50, 6.43 and 6.42, respectively.

12.3.3 Validation of ethno medicinal properties ofmedicinal plants: Phytochemical screening of leavesof Corchorus capsularis (2), Ocimum kiliman-dscaricum (1), O. citriodorum (1) and Amaranthusspp. (6) comprising A. spinosus (1), A. viridis (1), A.blitum (2) and A. dubius (2) was made for validation ofethno-medicinal properties with respect to detection ofresponsible bioactive compounds.

12.4 Seed Multiplication

A total of 3,357 accessions comprising cultivated rice(2,973), wild Oryza species (210), millets (32), wildcucurbits (30), Ocimum spp. (42), Mucuna pruriens(20), Hibiscus sabdariffa (12), Corchorus spp. (8),Dioscorea spp. (21), Costus speciosus (5), Cucumissativus var. hardwickii (2), Solanum pimpinellifolium(1) and S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (1) weregrown/ vegetatively propagated for multiplication.

12.5 Germplasm Exchange

A total of 239 accessions comprising cultivated rice (47),submergence rice (4), wild rice (24), Corchorus spp.(78), Amaranthus (25), Mucuna (26) and Ocimum (35)were supplied to 3 ICAR institutes for research purposes;and 3,596 accessions comprising cultivated rice (3,516),pulses (50) and millets (30) were received from ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, ICAR-NBPGR RS, Hyderabadand AICRP, CRIDA (Phulbani Centre) and OUAT,Bhubaneswar respectively.

12.6 Germplasm Conservation

A total of 1,525 accessions comprising cultivated rice(1,374), wild rice (62), wild relatives of jute (Corchorusspp)/allied fibres (76), Hedychium spp. (2), Corchoruscapsularis (4), Hibiscus sabdariffa (1), Mucunapruriens (1) and others (5) were deposited for long termconservation in National Genebank, ICAR-NBPGR,New Delhi.

12.7 Germplasm Maintenance

A total of 579 accessions comprising medicinal andaromatic plants (254), wild Oryza species (210), wildrelatives of crops (36), tuber/aroid crops (52), minor leafyvegetables (21), economic plants and horticultural crops(6) are being maintained in the FGB/experimental plotsof the centre.

12.7.1 Maintenance of medicinal and aromaticplants: A total of 254 accessions of medicinal andaromatic plants species viz., Mucuna monosperma, M.nigricans, Argyreia nervosa, Asparagus racemosus,Bacopa monnieri, Saraca asoca, Celastruspaniculata, Centella asiatica, Corchorus capsularis,Gardenia gummifera, Hedychium coccineum, H.flavescens, Hemidesmus indicus, Litsea glutinosa,Mallotu sphilippensis, Nyctanthe sarbortristis,Ocimum basilicum, O. citriodorum, Ocimumkilimandscharicum, O. americanum, O. sanctum,Oroxylum indicum, Piper longum, Plumbago rosea,Pterocarpus santalinus, Rauvolfia serpentina,Scindapsus officinalis, Stevia rebaudiana, Strychnospotatorum, Tinospora cordifolia, Wattakakavolubilis, etc. have been conserved in the field genebankof the centre.

12.7.2 Herbarium preservation: One hundred tenherbarium specimens of economically important cropplants collected during exploration missions wereaugmented and the herbarium of the centre is enrichedwith 1,260 voucher specimens belonging to wild relativesof crops, rare/ endangered and high valued M & AP andother economically useful plants collected from parts ofOdisha, Bihar, Mizoram, Tripura and Manipur. The rare/endangered and high valued medicinal plants, wildrelatives and economic plants such as Ocimumkilimandscharicum, Solanum pimpinellifolium,Hedychium flavescens, Hibiscus panduriformis,Thladiantha cordifolia, Amaranthus blitum, Hibiscussabdariffa, Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana wereadded to the herbarium of the centre.


Research Programme (Code: Title, ProgrammeLeader)

PGR/EXP-BUR-CUT-01.00- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservationdocumentation and distribution of plant genetic resources of Odisha and adjoining regions (DR Pani)


PGR/EXP-BUR-CUT- 01.01-Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of agricultural and horticultural crops in Odisha and adjoining regions. (DRPani and RC Misra)

PGR/EXP-BUR-CUT- 01.02- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of medicinal & aromatic plants, wild economically useful and rare andendangered plants of Odisha and adjoining regions. (RC Misra and DR Pani)


Summary: A total of 42,885 samples (25,508 import; 15,715+1662 export) were processed for quarantine clearance andTwenty-three phytosanitary certificates were issued. Pathogens/pests of quarantine importance intercepted included Pestalotiasp. and Rhizoctonia bataticola (Maize-Philippines), Lasiodiplodia sp. and Stenocarpella maydis (Maize-USA), Alternariahelianthi (sunflower-Argentina); Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower-USA); Colletotrichum graminicola (sorghum-Mali);Sporisorium cruentum (sorghum-Niger); Peronospora manshurica (soybean- Costa Rica and USA); Peronospora parasitica(cabbage-USA); Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Choanephora sp. on bittergourd from Thailand; Alternaria brassicicolaon Brassica rapa from UK; Sitophilus zeamais and Rhyzopertha dominica (Maize-Thailand); Cryptolestes ferrugineus(sunflower-Mali) were intercepted. Import samples (14,507) infested/infected with pests were salvaged and released (26,760)to consignees. Fifty-one samples consisting of soybean (41), sunflower (2) and barley (08) were not released due to thefollowing reasons. Sunflower samples (2) from USA were infected with downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) pathogen;soybean samples from Costa Rica and USA with downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica) incidence (12) and seed borneviruses (19). Soybean seed borne viruses were detected at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. Remaining 10 soybean samples didnot produce seed. Eight accessions of barley from France, infected with Pseudomonas sp were detained. In exports, 10samples were rejected. Quarantine services were extended to 45 organizations in South India. Post-entry quarantineinspection was conducted on 4,909 samples of different crops grown at PEQIA of ICRISAT (744), ICRISAT glasshouse (396),private industry (3,091) and NBPGR greenhouse (678).

Two collaborative explorations were undertaken; 196 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops and their wild relativeswere collected. 771 accessions including greengram (84), horsegram (140), foxtail millet (168), amaranths (60), field bean(26) small millets (128), pillipesara (30), chilli (81), maize (33), sorghum (10), black gram (4) and green gram (7) werecharacterized and evaluated using randomised block design/augmented block design along with appropriate check varietiesduring Kharif. Similar exercise was undertaken in Rabi with 448 accessions comprising chickpea (7), dolichos bean (25),Italian millet (10), prosomillet (5) and safflower (11), sorghum (150), ricebean (55), tomato (95) and brinjal (90). Promisingaccessions were identified for various traits. Germplasm was submitted to National Genebank (204 accns.) and GermplasmHandling Unit (144 accessions). 880 accessions were supplied to 17 institutes against 30 indents. A pigeon pea farmer’svariety (Erramachcha kandi) registered with PPVFRA (65/ 2015) became the first Farmer’s variety for Telangana State.

13REGIONAL STATION, HYDERABAD

13.1 Germplasm Quarantine

A total of 42,885 samples comprising 25, 508 importsamples and 17,377 [15, 715+1662] export samples werereceived for quarantine processing as detailed below.In all, three international organizations, eight publicorganizations (ICAR/CSIR institutes,universities/stategovt. organizations) and 34 private organizations receivedthe quarantine service from this station.

13.1.1 Import Quarantine: A total of 25,508 samplesincluding paddy (10,603); maize (8,943); wheat (20),barley (190), sorghum (2,221); pearl millet (110); soybean(145); sunflower (561); groundnut (200), black gram (21);mung bean (296); chickpea (57); chilli (63); tomato (249);brinjal (80); bitter gourd (24); ridge gourd (24); bottlegourd (5); Cucumis spp. (52); cabbage (268); cauliflower(98); Acacia (40); Eucalyptus spp (614); rapeseed (257);garlic (16); watermelon (148), tobacco (203); wereimported from different countries.

13.1.1.1 Interceptions

Pathogens: During processing, the following majorpathogens were intercepted. Maize: Rhizoctonia solani

and Fusarium solani from Mexico, Pestalotia sp. andRhizoctonia bataticola from Philippines, Lasiodiplodiasp. and Stenocarpella maydis from USA,Stenocarpella sp. from Colombia, R. solani, R.bataticola, S. maydis and Lasiodiplodia maydis fromThailand; Sorghum: Colletotrichum graminicola fromArgentina, Mali and Nigeria, Drechslera setariae andM. roridum from Argentina, Rhizoctonia bataticolafrom Mali and Nigeria; Fusarium equiseti, Drechslerasetariae from Mali, Sporisorium cruentum from Niger;Barley: R. solani from Australia; Cotton: Lasiodiplodiasp. and R.bataticola from USA; Soybean: Peronosporamanshurica, a quarantine pest from Costa Rica andUSA; Sunflower: Alternaria helianthi from Argentina,Plasmopara halstedii and Myrothecium roridum fromUSA; Cucurbits: Pseudoperonospora cubensis andChoanephora sp. on bittergourd from Thailand; P.cubensis on bottlegourd from USA; Choanephora sp.on ridgegourd from USA; Brassica rapa: Alternariabrassicicola from UK; cabbage: Peronosporaparasitica on from USA; and garlic (seeds and cloves):Stemphylium sp. from Israel.


Insect pests: On maize, Tribolium castaneum fromItaly, Mexico; Sitophilus oryzae from Colombia;Rhyzopertha dominica from Italy and Thailand, S.zeamais (live insects) from Egypt, Italy and Thailand,Corcyra cephalonica and T. castaneum from Nigeriawere intercepted. In addition, S. oryzae and S. zeamaison paddy from Philippines; C. cephalonica andCryptolestes ferrugineus on sorghum from Mali andR. dominica on sorghum from Nigeria; C. cephalonicaon sunflower from USA; and Caryedon serratus onAcacia from Australia were the other insectinterceptions.

13.1.2 Imports processed and released: Seedsamples released (26,760) included paddy (10,809),maize (10,136), wheat (14), barley (182), sorghum(2,040), pearlmillet (110), black gram (21), mung bean(296), chickpea (57), groundnut (200), sunflower (703),safflower (44), soybean (271), rape seed (257), chilli(63), tomato (218), brinjal (80), bitter gourd (24), bottlegourd (5), ridge gourd (24), water melon (179), tobacco(203), cotton (198), Acacia sp. (40), cauliflower-98;Cucumis spp (52); garlic (16); cabbage (268);Eucalyptus spp. (152) after necessary mandatorytreatments.

Fifty-one samples consisting of soybean (41), sunflower(2) and barley (08) were not released due to the followingreasons. Sunflower samples (2) from USA were infectedwith downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) pathogen;soybean samples from Costa Rica and USA with downymildew (Peronospora manshurica) incidence (12) andseed borne viruses (19). Soybean seed borne viruseswere detected at NBPGR, New Delhi. Remaining 10soybean samples did not produce seed. Eight accessionsof barley from France, infected with Pseudomonas sp.were detained.

13.1.3 Quarantine examination of banana tissueculture tubes from ITC, Belgium: A pathologist fromthis station visited ICAR-Indian Institute of HorticulturalResearch, Bengaluru and inspected 74 in vitro culturetubes with proliferating tissue of 37 wild bananaaccessions under stereo-binocular microscope. Of the74 tubes, one tube (ITC0246) infested with live miteand 54 tubes due to the presence of pycnidial bodies(suspected), bacterial rotting and lack of rooting andsprouting were detained. Sixteen apparently healthyculture tubes could be released to the consignee forfurther necessary experimentation only after findingthem free from virus/bacterial/fungal infection. The

discarded tubes were sent to NBPGR, New Delhi forexploring the possibility of salvaging the material.

13.1.4 Import germplasm salvaging details:

Total number of samples infected/infested: 14,507

(Fungi: 14,507; Bacteria: 24; Viruses: 19; Nematodes:Nil; Insects: 188); a total of 14,466 samples weresalvaged and 51 samples were rejected belonging tosunflower (2), soybean (41) and barley (8).

13.1.5 Post-entry Quarantine Observations

Post-entry quarantine inspection was conducted on 4,909samples of different crops grown at PEQIA of ICRISAT(744), ICRISAT glasshouse (396), private industry(3,091) and NBPGR greenhouse (678).

ICRISAT-PEQIA: Post-entry quarantine inspectionwas carried out on sorghum germplasm (744 accessions)from Mali (82), Niger (448) and Nigeria (214), and grownat PEQ isolation area, ICRISAT. Downy mildew(Peronosclerospora sorghi) incidence (~10%) wasnoticed on many accessions from Niger. All the infectedplants were uprooted and incinerated.

ICRISAT-Glasshouse: Inspections were carried outon crop germplasm (396 accessions) including twosamples of sorghum (one each from Ghana and Ethiopia);296 mung bean accessions from Taiwan, meant forAVRDC; 70 accessions of soybean and 21 accessionsof black gram from Taiwan, meant for AVRDC andseven wild pigeonpea accessions (consignment wasimported in 2013 and due to lack of sufficient seed,sowing was taken up in the glasshouse and transplantedlater in the main field). Black gram samples, suspectedwith GBNV, did not reveal positive in ELISA.

Private Industry: Inspections were carried out on cropgermplasm (2,269 accessions) consisting of maize(1,291), paddy (707), cotton (234), Jatropha curcas (17),Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) (3), and tobacco (17)meant for private industry. Besides these, 822accessions of transgenics (paddy (16) and arabidopsis(806)) were also inspected and found healthy.

Three maize samples were found infected with the targetpest, Acremonium strictum. Rhodes grass leaf samplesof three accessions revealed the presence of Alternariaalternata, Curvularia lunata, Drechslera halodes,Epicoccum sp., Fusarium semitectum and Phoma sp.One accession, EC837434 showed the presence of rustspores (Puccinia sp). Paddy samples were infected with


different target pests, viz., Cochliobolus carbonum (1),Aphelenchoides besseyi (17), and Ditylenchusangustus (2) and on incubation, seed samples of 3accessions and leaf samples of 4 accessions revealedthe presence of Alternaria alternata, Curvulariaovoidea, Stemphylium sp., Phoma sp. and Nigrosporaoryzae. Transgenic paddy immature seed samples of 6accessions with brown discolouration were collected.On incubation, Acremonium sp., Alternaria alternata,Curvularia lunata, Drechslera halodes, andNigrospora sp. were obtained. In jatropha, incidenceof mites and leaf webber, Jatropha mosaic virus,anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum),Cercospora sp., Alternaria raphani and Phoma sp.was noticed in many accessions. Incidence of Tobaccoleaf curl virus and Tobacco mosaic virus was observedon tobacco accessions from USA. Although symptomstypical of CMV infection were noticed in few plants,ELISA testing did not reveal the CMV infection. Leafspots revealed the presence of Drechslera sp.,Curvularia lunata and Alternaria alternata.Infestation of aphids and Spodoptera litura wasrecorded in few accessions.

NBPGR-Greenhouse

A total of 678 samples, including soybean from Canada(74), Costa Rica (238), and USA (2); watermelon (173)and wild brinjal (21) from USA; bottle gourd (9) fromUSA; safflower (22 accessions) from Germany, ridgegourd from USA (24) and Thailand (4); chilli (89) andbitter gourd (22) from Thailand, grown in the quarantinegreenhouse were inspected at regular intervals and leafsamples suspected with viruses/fungi were collected bythe pathologist and virologists from NBPGR, New Delhi.One soybean accession from Canada, EC842279 wasfound infected with anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichumlindemuthianum.

PEQ Releases

The healthy harvest from 623 crop samples consistingof soybean-Costa Rica (199) and USA (2), watermelon(31), maize-USA (356) , Philippines (22) , Egypt (1) andbittergourd (12) from Thailand were released.

13.2 Export Quarantine

13.2.1 Exports processed: Crop germplasm samples(15,715) consisting of maize (15,412) and sorghum (163),pearlmillet (52), pigeonpea (31), and chickpea (57) wereprocessed for export to different countries by CIMMYTand ICRISAT, respectively. However, nine samples

consisting of chickpea (8), and one each of pearl milletand maize were not found suitable for export, hencedetained. In all, 23 Phytosanitary Certificates wereissued.

Exports (ICRISAT): Number of samples

Crop Received Rejected Released

Sorghum 163 - 163Pearl millet 52 1 51Chickpea 57 8 49Pigeon pea 31 - 31Exports (CIMMYT)Maize 15,412 1 15,411

Grand Total 15,715 10 15,705

In addition, a sum of 1,662 samples of ICRISAT mandatecrops, viz., sorghum (279), pearl millet (127), chickpea(20), pigeonpea (1,110), groundnut (100) and small millets(26), along with 100 duplicate samples for viability testwere processed and sent to Svalbard Genebank forconservation.

13.3 Seed Health Testing

Samples consisting of paddy (306) and maize (54),submitted by different prívate companies, were testedand found free from target pests, except four maizesamples, which were found infected with Acremoniumstrictum, and three samples with downy mildewpathogen, Sclerospora maydis; paddy samples (142)were infected with different target pests, viz., five withdowny mildew oospores i.e., Sclerospora macrospora,Alternaria padwickii (3), Cochliobolus carbonum (1),Aphelenchoides besseyi (88), Sitotroga cerealella(20), one sample infected with Xanthomonas oryzae,Ditylenchus angustus (2) and 22 samples were foundinfected with Pseudomonas spp.


Two explorations were undertaken in Andhra Pradeshand adjoining states for the collection of germplasm and196 accessions in diverse agri-horticultural crops andtheir wild relatives were collected as detailed below:

13.4.1 Wild relatives of pigeonpea: An explorationwas undertaken for the collection of wild relatives ofpigeon pea from parts of Shervaroy hills, Pacchhamalaisand Kolli Hills of Namakkal, Salem, and Tiruchirapallidistricts of Tamil Nadu. The exploration was conductedin collaboration with IIPR Kanpur/AICRP on Pulses,TNAU, Coimbatore. A total of 29 collections weremade including Cajanus albicans, C. rugosus,


C. scarabaeoides, C. platycarpus, C. sericeus, C.cajanifolius, Rhynchosia rufescens, R. minima,Crotalaria shevaroyensis, C. micans, C. longipes, C.laburnifolia and Cajanus sp., Tephrosia spp., andAbrus precatorius. In addition 43 accessions includinghill types of pigeon pea, lablab bean, French bean,cowpea, greengram and horsegram were also collected.

13.4.2 Wild relatives of jute: An exploration wasundertaken for the collection of wild relatives of jute inparts of South Coastal and Rayalaseema regions ofAndhra Pradesh including Guntur, Prakasam andKurnool districts. The exploration was undertaken incollaboration with ICAR-CRIJAF, Barrackpore. A totalof 124 accessions were collected including Corchorus,Crotalaria and Hibiscus [Corchorus aestuans(15), C.capsularis (1), C. fascicularis (16), C.olitorius (19), C. tridens (22), C. trilocularis (28), C.urticifolius (8), Crotalaria sp. (2) and Hibiscusovalifolius (1)] were collected. In addition, landracediversity in kenaf (3) and roselle (9) were also collected.


A total of 771 accessions were grown forcharacterisation and evaluation during Kharif 2015including greengram (84), horsegram (140), foxtail millet(168), amaranths (60), field bean (26) small millets (128),pillipesara (30), chilli (81), maize (33), sorghum (10),black gram (4) and green gram (7). Sowing of 448accessions of diverse crops including chickpea (7),dolichos bean (25), Italian millet (10), proso millet (5)and safflower (11), sorghum (150), ricebean (55), tomato(95) and brinjal (90) was taken up as part of Rabisowings. Promising accessions were identified indifferent crops for various traits.

Sorghum: Days to 50% flowering (Phule Anuradha (69):IS14861, IS23992, IS12965 (56) IS25249, IS24218,IS24139 (97); plant height (CSV-22 (243 cm), M35-1(190cm)): IS26025 (368.7), IS24249 (362); ear head length(CSV-216 (21.9 cm): IS7957 (52.7), IS12804 (50.7); 100seed weight (M35-1 (3.0g): IS16528 (5) IS12706,IS26222 (4.8).

Linseed: Plant height (RLC-6 39.0cm): IC96645(53.0),IC96629(52.0), IC96552(48.0); days to 50% flowering(Kiran (59.8): IC96637 (55.5), IC96627 (55.5), IC96638(55.5); days to maturity (Garima (93.5): IC96628 (90.0),IC96623 (90.0), IC96627 (90.5); capsules/ plant (RLC-6 (152.0): IC96568 (393.0), IC96660 (312.0); 100-seedweight (Kiran 0.54g): IC96627 (0.78), IC96624 (0.77).

Greengram: Clusters/plant (ML-267 (13)); IC436551(24), IC343964 (23); pods/plant : IC413315 (125),KARS-47 IC436551 (120); seeds/pod: IC436664,IC436534 (15); pod length IC436534 (11), IC436664 (11).

Pillipesara: Plant height:IC553530 (71cm), IC550532(69 cm); clusters/plant IC553525 (23), IC550540 (20);Pods/plant: IC553517 (104), IC553525 (99); seeds/pod:IC553502 (15), IC550540 (15); pod length IC553502 (6),IC553547 (6).

Horsegram: Plant height (Palem 2- 80 cm): NSJ/NAIP/031 (98.3 cm), IC107214 (90.6 cm); total chlorophyll(Spad value) (Palem 2- 31.08): IC426580 (40.6),IC426521 (39.1), IC426525 (39.1), IC426456 (39.1);pods/plant (Palem 2 - 221.3): IC426463 (313),PSRJ13089 (244), IC17543 (229); pod length (S6-7.5cm): IC313367 (8.5 cm), IC426475 (8.3 cm),IC467863 (8.2 cm), IC280030 (8.1 cm).

Amaranths: Days to flowering: IC561304 (50 days),IC585682 (35 days).

Chilli: early flowering: PSR-7074, PSR-7075 (89 days);early maturity: RJR-402 (155 days); fruit length:IC572479 (17.9cm); 10 dry fruit weight: IC537581 (23g).

Field bean: Pod length - IC26943 (9.5 cm); 10 freshpod weight - IC26908 (54.4 g).

Dolichos bean: Early flowering: IC426988, KP/SC-1558 and RJR-204 (49 days); early maturing: KP/SC-1558 and SGD-136 (77 days).

Italian millet: Early flowering: ISe1312 (33 days); earlength: AR-13 (37.6cm); 100 seed weight: ISe663(0.48g); yield/ plant: ISe200 (71.4g); protein: ISe1312(14.6 %).

13.5.1 Studies on traits of resistance to thrips andmites in chilli: Field studies were undertaken on 83chilli accessions during Kharif 2015-16 for the bioticstress screening against the thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalisHood and mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks inan augmented block design. Check varieties viz., PusaJwala (resistant), LCA 334 (moderately resistant) andCA 960 (susceptible) were included to compare thereactions of chilli accessions to the sucking pests. Thegenotypes IC338786 and IC344727 exhibited a resistantreaction in the successive observations at 45, 60 and 75days after transplantation by recording a low percentLeaf curl Index (PLI) value of < 10, while threeaccessions viz., IC536664, EC391087 and IC342394


were moderately resistant to the pest infestation (PLI11-25). The remaining 52 accessions were graded assusceptible (PLI 26-50) while 26 accessions were foundto be having a highly susceptible reaction (PLI 51-100)for the thrips and mites in chilli.

13.5.2 Thrips species diversity studies in chilli:The study on the species diversity in chilli thrips revealedthat the population consisted of Scirtothripsdorsalis, Frankliniella schultzei, Thrips palmi, T.hawaiiensis and Haplothrips verbasi.

S. dorsalis was the dominant species among the thripswhich constituted about 89.7% of the population, whileF. schultzei (4.1%); T. hawaiiensis (3.6%); T.palmi (1.4%) and H. verbasi (1.2%) were minor ones.The S. dorsalis was observed on the leaves and fruitswhile the other species were found only on the flowers.


Germplasm sent to NGB: A total of 111 accessionsof Italian millet (Mini-Core developed by ICRISAT) weresent to NGB for Long Term Storage. Fifty accessionsof multiplied chilli germplasm were also sent to NGBfor long-term conservation. In addition, multipliedimported seed samples of Portulaca oleracea (11) fromGermany and Eragrostis tef (17) from USA submittedby CSIR-CFTRI, Mysore and okra (6) from Taiwanand tomato (9) from USA submitted byM/s Clause (I) Ltd, Bangalore were deposited withNational Genebank, NBPGR, New Delhi.

Germplasm shared with NAGS: A total of 105samples of amaranth germplasm collected during anexploration were shared with ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru.

Germplasm sent to GHU: A total of 105 samples ofAmaranth germplasm collected during an exploration inOctober-November 2014 have been processed and sentto GHU, NBPGR, New Delhi. In addition to these, 39accessions (barnyard millet (1), Brachiaria ramosa(17), finger millet (3), Italian millet (2), kodo millet (3),little millet (1), paddy (11) and Setaria glauca (1)) weresent for national accessioning and for NGB conservation.

Medium Term Module: 686 samples includingexploration vouchers (174) and multiplied germplasm(512) of pillipesara (30), green gram (84), horsegram(140), amaranths (60), millets (158), and others (40) wereadded to the MTM at the station. In addition, 368 samplesof paddy from ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Researchwere also stored in the MTM. Germination and seedlingvigour was monitored in 200 accessions each of greengram, horse gram and black gram.

13.7 Germplasm Distribution

A total of 880 accessions of various crops and wildrelatives including finger millet (30), barnyard millet (22),Italian millet (46), kodo millet (14), little millet (43),prosomillet (8) black gram, (50), green gram, (50),pillipesara (30), pigeonpea (1), amaranths (2), tomato(245), chillies (71), Capsicum frutescens (15, C.baccatum (6), brinjal (170), wild brinjal (5),Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (20), L. hirsutum (1),L. peruvianum (1), okra (39), Abelmoschus ficulneus(2), A. manihot (2), Abelmoschus spp. (7) were suppliedto 17 institutes against 30 indents for research purposes.

13.8 Germplasm Registration (PPVFRA)

A pigeonpea farmer’s variety (Erramachcha kandi),promising with very tall plant habit (235 cm), mediummaturing, heavy bearing (269 pods/ plant), long greenpods (9.4 cm) with brown streaks, seed cream withreddish-brown mottles/ speckles having high seed weight(18.0 g; protein- 22.0%; high soluble sugars- 23.9%; lowstarch- 30.4%) submitted by BMC Jhari Village,Kerameri Mandal, Adilabad District, Telanganaregistered with PPVFRA and a Certificate (65/ 2015)was awarded. This became the first farmer’s varietyto be registered for Telangana state and third in thecountry for pigeonpea that have been registered.



Programme I

PGR/PQR- HYD-01.00: Quarantine processing of plant germplasm under exchange and supportive research (SKChakrabarty (till November, 2015), B Sarath Babu (w.e.f December 2015)


PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-01.01: Detection, identification and control of pests associated with import and export of seed/plant material. (K Anitha, SK Chakrabarty, B Sarath Babu, N Somasekhar, N Sivaraj, K Rameash and Babu Abraham)

PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-01.02: Post-entry quarantine processing of imported germplasm (SK Chakrabarty, B Sarath Babu,K Anitha, K Rameash and Babu Abraham)

Programme II

PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of Southeast central Zone (SK Chakrabarty (till November,2015), B Sarath Babu (w.e.f December 2015)


PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of agricultural crops (cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, etc.)and their wild relatives. (K Venkateswaran, SR Pandravada, N Sivaraj and Babu Abraham)

PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of horticultural crops (vegetables, fruits, species, medicinaland aromatic plants etc.) and their wild relatives. (SR Pandravada, K Venkateswaran, N Sivaraj and Babu Abraham)

PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.03: Characterization and evaluation of wild edible crops of leguminosae (N Sivaraj, ER Nayar(till February 2015), SR Pandravada, K Venkateswaran and Babu Abraham)

PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.04: Studies on traits of resistance to thrips and mites in chilli (K Rameash, B Sarath Babu andSR Pandravada)


Summary: Twenty three accessions comprising wild mustard (4), wheat (3), bajra (6), cowpea (3), clusterbean (3), mothbean(4) and fenugreek (1) were collected from the Luni and Osean blocks of Jodhpur district. During Rabi 2014-15, a set of 495accessions of wheat, were evaluated for terminal heat tolerance, in three different dates of sowing, Brassica (82) andfenugreek (165) were evaluated in the field for their agronomic traits. Some of the wheat accessions have shown terminalheat tolerance in terms of yield and test weight. An accession of wheat, identified in previous year with large spike has beenconfirmed. Three accessions of methi i) early maturing (93 days), ii) having huge foliage and iii) having small seed with higharoma, identified previous year, have been validated. During Summer 2015, accessions of guar (290), mungbean (124),mothbean (127) and cowpea (155 ) have been evaluated for the traits of agronomical importance. The performance of guaraccession IC47564-P7 has been verified that yielded 31.55 qtls/ha of grain in a large plot size of 36 m2 at the line to line andplant to plant distance of 20 and 10 cm respectively. The another vegetable type guar accession IC432117-P7 has also beenverified that yielded 27% higher green pods yield than best check Pusa Navbahar. Two accessions of mothbean IC36786and IC37822 have been reconfirmed for their inbuilt resistance to crinkle virus disease under field conditions. During Kharif2015, 3,178 accessions of different crops including cluster bean (872), mungbean (355), mothbean (328), cowpea (497),sesame (220), pearlmillet (823), finger millet (41) and little millet (29) accessions have been evaluated. The grain yield ofearly maturing (50 days) bold seeded genotype IC39289 of mungbean has further been verified as 14.5 qtls/ha in firstpicking of pods and same amount of yield achieved in second picking of pods. An early maturity (53 days) of mothbeanaccession IC120963 identified previous year, also confirmed this year. Accession of mothbean IC16218 has been verified forits genetic resistance to cercospora pathogen. Cowpea accession IC36522 has been verified for its genetic resistance toYellow mosaic virus disease. Another accession of cowpea C-720 has also been verified for possessing insect resistance.Two different accessions of ber i.e. stoneless ber and another one for fruit fly resistance identified previous year have beenreconfirmed. New accession of cowpea that matures in 45 days has been developed following single plant selection. A totalof 776 accessions of germplasm of horticultural plants are being maintained as live plants. The 300 accessions of pearlmilletwere multiplied by sib mating. The 37,896 accessions of agri-horticultural crops are being conserved at the station eitherbeing maintained as live plants in the field genebank or seed being conserved in the MTS facilities.

14REGIONAL STATION, JODHPUR

14.1 Exploration and Collection of Germplasm

Twenty three accessions comprising wild mustard (4),wheat (3), bajra (6), cowpea (3), clusterbean (3),mothbean (4) and fenugreek (1) were collected fromfarmer’s fields of Luni and Osean blocks of Jodhpurdistrict.

14.2 Evaluation of Germplasm during RabiSeason

14.2.1 Evaluation of wheat germplasm for terminalheat tolerance: A set of 195 accessions were sownon three dates i.e. November 17, 2014, December 12,2014 and December 30, 2014 in the Augmented BlockDesign (ABD) with the objective to screen wheatgermplasm for terminal heat tolerance while exposingthem to higher temperature (>35oC) during reproductiveperiod (from anthesis to physiological maturity). Someof the accessions have shown tolerance to highertemperature as their test weight and yield were stablein all three dates of sowings.

14.2.2 Evaluation of wheat germplasm foragronomical traits: Another 495 accessions ofindigenous and exotic collections were evaluated in RBD

(42 accessions) and ABD (503 accessions) for theiragronomical traits like days to 50% flowering, days tomaturity, number of productive tillers per plant, numberof spikelets per spike, number of grains per spikelet, grainyield and 1000- seed weight. A lot of variability wasrecorded for all studied traits. Some of the promisingaccessions have been identified which can be used bythe breeders in their wheat breeding programmes. Oneaccession identified during previous year for its largeand heavy spike has been verified.

14.2.3 Evaluation of Brassica germplasm: The 47accessions of Brassica spp. were evaluated in RBDfor their agronomical traits like plant height, number ofprimary and secondary branches per plant, number ofsiliquae per plant, seed yield per plant, 1000- seed weight,days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. Some ofthe promising accessions have been identified for eachtrait which can be used by the Brassica breeders intheir breeding programme.

14.2.4 Evaluation of fenugreek germplasm:Germplssm accessions of fenugreek (165) wereevaluated in ABD for the traits of agronomicalimportance. Some of the promising accessions have been


identified for each observed trait which can be used bythe fenugreek breeders in their breeding programme.The accessions for the traits like early maturing (93 days),high aroma and larger and dense leaves which wereidentified last year have been reconfirmed.

14.3 Evaluation of Gemplasm duringSummer Season

14.3.1 Evaluation of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)germplasm: The 290 accessions of guar were evaluatedin ABD during summer season for the traits ofagronomical importance and for identification of suitablecultivar(s) for cultivation during Summer season. Someof the genotypes performed better than best performingcheck and they will be tested further during Summer2016. Some spontaneous mutant plants with determinategrowth habit and photo-insensitive identified duringprevious years have been re-confirmed. The accessionIC47564, identified earlier, yielded 31.55 qtls/ha grainin a large plot size of 36 m2 at the line to line and plant toplant distances of 20 and 10 cm, respectively. The anothervegetable type guar accession IC432117, also identifiedearlier, yielded 27% higher yield than best check PusaNavbahar.

14.3.2 Evaluation of mothbean (Vignaaconitifolia): The 127 accessions of mothbean wereevaluated in ABD for the traits of agronomicalimportance. The genotypes IC39786 and IC39822 whichwere identified earlier years to be having absolutegenetic resistance to crinkle virus disease have beenfurther reconfirmed.

14.3.3 Evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata) andcowpea germplasm: The 124 accessions of mungbeanand 155 accessions of cowpea were evaluated foragronomical traits in ABD. Bold seeded accessions withhigh yield potential were identified.

14.4 Evaluation of germplasm during Kharifseason

The accessions of cluster bean (872), mungbean (355),mothbean (328), cowpea (497), sesame (220), pearl millet

(823) fingermillet (41) and littlemillet (29) were evaluatedfollowing ABD in most cases and RBD in some cases.The promising accessions were identified for differenttraits.

14.4.1 Evaluation of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)germplasm: The 872 accessions of guar were evaluatedfor the traits of agronomical importance. All accessionshave also been screened for bacterial blight resistancebut none of the accession was found resistant. Some ofthe accessions have been identified to be higher in yield,number of clusters per plant and number of pods percluster.

14.4.2 Evaluation of mothbean (Vigna aconitifolia):The 328 accessions of mothbean have been evaluatedfor traits of agronomic importance. Some of theaccessions have been high yielding with large seed size.An accession IC120963

has been identified that matures

in just 53 days and has high yield potential.

Fig 14.2. Mothbean accession matures in 53 days and

has high yield potential

14.4.3 Evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata) andcowpea germplasm: The 355 accessions of mungbeanand 497 accessions of cowpea were evaluated foragronomic traits in ABD. Bold seeded accession withhigh yield potential of in both crops has been identified.An accession IC39289

of mungbean that matures in just

50 days and yields 14.5 qtls/ha also having bold seed (6to 6.5 gm/ 100 seed weight) has been identified. Afterfirst picking at 50 days, it flowered again and in next 20days it further yielded 14 qtls/ha. of grain yield. It hadhuge biomass also. A cowpea line has been developedthrough single plant selection that matures in 45 days.

Fig 14.1. Early maturing (93 days) accession of fenugreek


Fig 14.3. Dr JS Sandhu (DDG, Crop Science, ICAR) examining the accession IC39289 of mungbean that matures in50 days with huge yield potential

Fig 14.4. A cowpea genotype developed through single plant selection matures in 45 days

14.4.3 Germplasm of other crops like sesame (220),pearl millet (823) finger millet (41) and little millet (29)accessions had been evaluated following ABD in mostcases and RBD in some cases. The promising accessionsfor yield contributing traits have been identified whichcan be used by the respective crop breeders in theirbreeding programme for genetic enhancement of cropspecies or varietal improvement.

14.5 Seed Multiplication

Seeds of 350 accessions of pearl millet were multipliedby sib mating following the newly developed techniqueof sowing of seeds of an accession in rings and then

covering the spike of all plants at the time of floweringusing butter paper bag and muslin cloth bag.


The 37,896 accessions of agri-horticultural crops arebeing conserved at the station, which are either beingmaintained as live plants in the field genebank or theirseed being conserved in the MTS facilities. In MTS,seeds of a total of 35,849 accessions of cereals andmillets (14,653), legumes (14,023), plants of economicimportance (1,025), medicinal plants (581), horticulturalcrops (2,876), fiber and fodder plants (511), and othercrop species (2,180) are being maintained.


Table 14.1. Germplasm of different species being maintained as live plants in the field genebank.

Crop/ taxa group NumberCrop/ taxa Accessions

Fruits 26 263Ornamentals 10 53Oil yielding plants 06 212Medicinal & Aromatic plants 39 148Multipurpose trees 17 44Fiber yielding plants 01 08Forage grasses 05 14Others 09 10Total 113 752

14.7 Germplasm Supplied

A total of 1,234 accessions of various crop species viz.,guar (364), cowpea (189), mothbean (201), mungbean


PGR/GEV-BUR-JOD-01.00- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources in arid and semiarid regions (Om Vir Singh)


PGR/GEV-BUR-JOD-01.01- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of field crops in arid and semi-arid regions. (Om Vir Singh andAK Singh)

PGR/GEV-BUR-JOD-01.02- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of horticultural crops in arid and semi-arid regions. (AK Singhand Om Vir Singh)

(168), muskmelon (16), pearl millet (95), atriplex (3),ber (9), cucumber (47), finger millet (32), withania (3),castor (62) and minor millets (45) were supplied toindenters under MTA.


Summary: Two exploration and collection programmes were conducted, first one on pigeonpea in Singh Bhumand andSaraikela Kharsanwa districts of Jharkhand and second for collection of known landraces of drought tolerant rice and finger-millet in Raigarh, Balod, Rajnandgoan, Kanker, Narayanpur and Kanda goan districts of Chhattisgarh. A total of 84 germplasmsamples comprising pigeonpea (24), rice (48) and finger millet (12) were collected. During Kharif 2015, a total of 125accessions of pigeonpea (67), paddy (23), fingermillet (17) and ricebean were evaluated and multiplied. In fruit crops a totalof 300 accessions include jackfruit (109), bael (137), jamun (43) and sanjan (11) were characterized for some fruit relatedcharacters and superior accessions were identified. More than 300 species on M & AP have been multiplied and maintainingin field genebank. Agri-horticultural crops germplasm have been maintenance in field gene bank viz: jackfruit (300), tama-rind (67), jamun (51), bael (170), barhal (14), aonla (19), mango (19), banana (34), menhdi (25) and sainjna (14) andjatropha. A total of 159 germplasm accessions were supplied to various researchers/ indenters. A set of 147 accessions ofpigeonpea were supplied for chemical analysis and 71 accessions of drought tolerant rice landraces collected in Jharkhand(23) and Chhattisgarh (48) were sent to LTS.

15BASE CENTRE, RANCHI


15.1.1. Germplasm collection of pigeonpea inJharkhand: Collection trip for pigeonpea was conductedin East & West Singhbhum and Saraikela Kharsanwadistricts of Jharkhand, and a total of 24 samples werecollected. Collections represent landraces viz: Chaitali/Chaitki, Maghey-Reyadi, Sarad-Reyadi, Bar-Reyadi,Dughada and Loghuna. These landraces have been incultivation mostly in Tand (upland) soils and landracesDugdha and Chaitali are said to be resistant to droughtand pod borer.

15.1.2. Germplasm collection of known landracesof rice and finger millet in Jharkhand: Explorationtrip was conducted in Raigarh, Balod, Rajnandgoan,Kanker, Narayanpur and Kandagoan districts ofChhattisgarh. A total of 60 samples of rice (48) and fingermillet (12) were collected. The main landraces of ricecollected are: Ampo, Parasmani, Desi-sapri,Dawardhan (awned) , Dawardhan (unawned) ,Laldhan, Shridhan, Sathia, Jandradhan, Turiadhan,Bayodhan, Koliadhan, Dokra-muchhadhan,

Fig 15.1. A familiarpigeonpea landrace

Dugdha in WestSinghbhum collected from

village Nalduha

Fig 15.2. PGR awarenessprogramme conducted

among the tribal farmersin Saraikela Kharsanva

district during pigeonpeacollection trip

Fig 15.3. Variability in graincolour, shape and size in

collected rice

Fig 15.4. Interaction witha great donor of ricecollection in a very

remote place inBhanupratappur, Kanker

Paradhan, Kaladhan, Lalichaudah, Bans-bhidadhan, Luchaidhan, Kolinga, Chuhkhadan,Dumar-phool, Chirai-nakhi, Ghadha-khuntadhan,Barangi, Gurmatiadhan, Bhata-sapri, Culture,Bhursi, Khut-bodidhan, Ashan-churi, Mundaria,Haldighati, Bhata-sona and Anjandhan. Theselandraces are cultivated in uplands (bhata/tikra/dand/tand) soils only. Considerable diversity was observed ongrain and seed colour, size and shape etc.

15.2. Germplasm Evaluation, Characterizationand Multiplication

15.2.1. A total of 151 accessions of pigeonpeagermplasm were evaluated for sixteen characters inABD. The recorded data analyzed and superioraccessions were identified and presented with range ofvariability and mean in Table 5.1. A set of 67 accessionswere sown for evaluation and multiplication.Theperformance of crop is very good and data recoding isin progress. A total 63 accessions comprising rice (23),finger millet (17) and rice bean (23) were multiplied and


evaluated for importantquantitative/ qualitativecharacters in RBD. Therecorded data wasanalyzed and superiorgemplasm accessionswere identified. The mean,range of variability andsuperior/elite accessionsare given in Table 15.1.

Fig 15.5. Variability in podsof pigeonpea germplasm

Fig 15.6. Variation in rootlength of drought tolerant

landraces of rice

Fig 15.7. Variation inmaturity in fingermillet

germplasm

Table 15.1. Mean, range and superior germplasm accessions of pigeonpea, rice finger millet and rice bean

Crops Characters Mean Range Best check Promising/ superior accessionsvalue

Pigeonpea Days to 50% flower 119.75 80 - 169 NDA (122) RSR 14/5,RSR 14/13 (80), RSR 14/13 (83)

Days to 80% maturity 250.57 219 - 284 Bahar (269) IC611236 (219),SKB 1/104(220),IC611205 (223)

Plant height (cm) 254.96 172 - 333.3 NDA (313.3) RSR 14/25 (333.3), SKB 1/110(326.6),RSR 14/6(316.6)

Primary branches/plant 25.51 14.5 - 41.0 NDA (32.3) RSR 14/8 (41),RSR 14/24 (37.6),SKB 1/110 (35.3), IC585853 (35.0)

Pods/cluster 4.0 2.6 - 6.30 NDA (5.6) IC611248 (6.3), IC611258 &IC611258 (5.6)

Pod length (cm) 5.16 3.0 -9.33 NDA (6.33) RSR 14/6 (9.33), RSR 14/13 (8.50),RSR 14/14 (8.23)

Pod width (mm) 7.48 5.3 – 16.6 NDA&Bahar (9.0) IC- 611640 (16.6), RSR 14/14(13.0), RSR 14/13 (10.0)

Grains/pod 4.32 3.6 -6.0 NDA&Bahar (5.0) RSR 14/6, RSR 14/13, RSR 14/14(6.0)

100 seed wt. (g) 8.74 5.58 - 21.96 NDA (9.32) RSR14/13(21.96), RSR 14/6(19.82), RSR14/4 (16.84), RSR 14/14 (15.58)

Yield/plant (g) 135.24 23.22 - 398.65 Bahar (160.24) RSR14/5(398.65),IC611205(380.88), IC0611271& IC611230(183.72)

Rice Days to 50% flowering 61.06 52.66-95 Lalgoda ( 95) IC613829 (52.66), IC613826 (53.33)No. of tiller/plant 6.7 4.44-7.66 Lalgoda (7.20) RSR2/JLM-12(7.663), IC613825

(7.55)Plant height (cm) 96.04 71.21-120.23 Lalgoda (75.33) RSR2/JLM-14(120.23),IC613819

(117.11)Panicle length (cm) 18.5 12.99-24.22 Lalgoda (15.33) RSR2/JLM-14 (24.22), IC613820

(23.88)Days to maturity 94.94 84-138 Karhani (138) RSR2/JLM-30 (84), RSR2/ JLM-14

(87)Leaf length (cm) 44.9 32.5-53.77 Karhani (36.66) RSR2/JLM-19 (53.77), IC613827

(52.78)Leaf width (mm) 0.96 0.61-1.16 Lalgoda (0.9) IC613820 (1.16), IC613821 (1.11)100 seed wt.(g) 2.004 1.45-2.45 Karhani (2.423) IC613820 , IC613824 (2.45)Yield/plant (g) 11.897 6.42-21.99 Karhani (18.80) RSR2/JLM-14 (21.99)

Finger millet Days to 50% flowering 62.97 45.0-73.33 BM-2 (65.67) IC612331 (45), IC612331 (46.33)Days to maturity 117.96 102.33-129.0 BM-2 (108) IC612331(102.33),IC612328

(102.66)Plant height in (cm) 104.63 80.11-128.55 A-104 (108.66) IC612332(128.55), IC612333

(127.66)Panicle length (cm) 7.92 6.16-11.92 A-104 (8.94) IC612321 (11.92), IC612331 (8.83)Finger/panicle 7.47 6.44-8.55 BM-2 (8.44) IC612326 (8.55), IC612318 (8.33)10 ml seed wt. (g) 8.30 7.11-9.0 BM-2 (8.56) IC612317 (9.0), IC612318 (8.98)


Yield/plant (g) 16.26 6.92-25.43 BM-2 (23.50) IC612318 (25.43), IC612337 (22.98)

Rice bean Days of flowering 55.73 43-89 RBL-6(3.5) IC439515 (43), EC550045 (44),EC550043 (46)

Days of maturity 76.235 71-87.5 RBL-6 (75.5) EC550046 (71), IC439513 (72),EC550040 (72)

Plant height (cm) 114.96 86.50-158.0 RBL-1(147.49) EC550054 (158.0), EC550044(130.0)

No. of branch 5.52 3.49-6.83 RBL-1(7.16) EC550046 (6.83), EC550052(6.66), IC439514 (6.50)

Pod length (cm) 9.07 7.665-10.30 RBL-6 (9.25) EC550054 (10.30), IC439515(10.10), EC550047 (9.83)

No. of pods/cluster 5.14 3.66-8 RBL-1(6.33) IC439513 (8), EC550043 (6.66),IC439515 (6.33)

No. of seeds/pod 9.25 7.16-12 RBL-6 (9.0) IC439515 (12), EC550048 (10.83),EC550045 (10.50)

100 seed wt. (g) 7.41 5.97-8.98 RBL-1(7.34) IC439513 (8.98), EC550044 (8.92),EC550047 (8.91)

Yield/plant (g) 4.50 2.19-12.8 RBL-6 (11.72) EC550046 (12.80), EC550054 (7.28)

15.3 Germplasm Multiplication andMaintenance

15.3.1.Medicinal and aromatic plants: More than 300plant species of medicinal and aromatic plants andeconomically important plant species are beingmaintained in the FGB as well as in the Net/Polyhouse.These are also multiplied for germplasmconservation and requirement for germplasm supply.

15.4 Characterization and Maintenance ofHorticultural Crops Germplasm

A total of 288 germplasm accessions comprising jamun(43), bael (137) and jackfruit (109) were evaluated forimportant fruit related characters. The recorded datawas analyzed and promising germplasm accessions wereidentified and mean, range of variability and superior/promising accessions are presented in Table 15.2. Morethan 900 accessions of agri-horticultral crops comprisingaonla (19), bael (170), banana (34), barhal (14), jackfruit(300), jamun (52), mango (19), menhdi (25), saijna (14)tamarind (67) and jatropha have been maintaining in theField Genebank.

Fig 15.8. Fruit variability injamun

Fig 15.9 Promising jamunaccession IC376182

(fruit wt 9.27g)

Fig 15.10. Jackfruitaccession IC591173

promising for longest(72 cm) and heaviest

(20 kg) fruit

Fig 15.11. Flake variabilityin jackfruit

Table 15.2. Mean, range and superior germplasm accessions of jackfruit, bael and jamun

S.N. Character Mean Range Superior/promising accessions

Jackfruit Days to maturity 104.60 70 - 160 IC591165 (70), IC591164 (71), IC24359 (83),IC24379 (83), IC591148 (72)

No. of fruit/plant 9.62 1.0 - 57.0 IC24372 (57), IC24376 (51), IC24368 (44), IC21619(43), IC24324 (40)

Fruit weight (kg) 8.61 2.0 – 20.0 IC591146 (20), IC591173 (20), IC24370 (20),IC24327 (19), IC21630 (18)

Fruit length (cm) 45.0 23.0 -72.0 IC591173 (72), IC320950 (72), IC376012 (61),IC591146 (64), IC24393(63)

Fruit girth (cm) 70.92 47.0 - 115.0 IC591173 (115), IC24327 (100), IC339927 (96),IC591148 (96), IC591174 (94)


No. of seed/fruit 119.06 6 - 372 IC24327 (356), IC320950 (372), IC438856 (315),IC24325 (271), IC591160 (275)

Flake length (cm) 3.31 2.66 - 4.53 IC591148 (4.5), IC591146 (4.43), IC376155 (4.26),IC591178 (4.0), IC21631 (3.86)

Flake width (cm) 1.37 0.86 - 2.0 IC591173 (1.66), IC24362 (2), IC591149(1.73), IC542359 (1.6), IC542362 (1.6)

100 Flake weight (gm) 371.19 160.8 – 670.0 IC542353 (670), IC591148 (608.28), IC417800(586.96), IC591149 (576.08), IC24384 (560.88)

Flake weight/fruit (gm) 549.09 40.2 - 2040.06 IC24327 (2040.066), IC320950 (1818.76), IC591160(1391.19), IC24325 (1359.73), IC591173 (1298.26),

Bael Days to fruit maturity 339.08 248-355 IC348036 (285), IC209938 (319), IC594256 (321)Fruits weight (m) 570.3309 194.95-1584.68 IC594266 (1467.62), IC436490 (1584.68), IC285279

(1266.94)Fruit length (cm) 16.42 11.62-24.25 IC594266 (24.25), IC436490 (23.37), IC436489

(22.25)Fruit girth (cm) 31.82 22.5-47.0 IC594266 (47.0), IC436490 (42.75), IC285308 (43)No. of seeds 69.31 17-139 IC285285 (17) ,IC594236 (29), IC436489 (37)Pericarp weight (g) 136.45 68.75-322.45 IC209936 (68.75), IC348042 (71.84), IC209920

(86.71)Pulp weight (g) 433.78 51.12-1467.84 IC594266 (1345.62), IC436490 (1467.84), IC436491

(1148.43)

Jamun Per fruit weight (g) 3.55 0.77-9.27 IC376182 (9.27) , IC376183 (9.09), IC376184 (8.37),IC339913 (7.20), IC339912 (6.79)

Pulp weight/fruit (g) 2.95 0.48-7.73 IC376182 (7.73), IC376183 (7.62), IC376184 (6.6),IC339913 (6.27), IC339912 (5.91)

Seed weight/fruit (g) 0.6 0.16-1.78 IC339913 (0.93), IC376192 (0.99), IC376183 (1.46),IC376184 (1.77), IC376182 (1.54)

Seed length (cm) 1.52 0.9-2.16 IC376182 (2.03), IC376183 (2.03), IC376184 (2.13),IC376196 (2.16), IC376200 (2.06)

Seed girth (cm) 0.84 0.6-1.33 IC339911(1.1), IC376182 (1.16), IC376183 (1.06),IC376184 (1.33), IC376192 (1.03)

Seed weight (%) 19.68 9.47-52.32 IC331740 (9.47), IC376187 (10.10), IC376190(10.69)

Pulp weight (%) 80.33 47.98-90.53 331740 (90.53), 376187 (89.9), 376190 (89.31)


A total of 236 germplasm accessions comprisingpigeonpea (147), drought tolerant rice (71), medicinaland aromatic plants (85) and Solanum sp. (3) weresupplied to five indenters/ researchers.

15.6 Germplasm Sent to LTS

A total of 174 germplasm samples comprising pigeonpea(81), rice (59), finger millet (12), rice bean (9) and M&AP(13) were sent for LTS.


PGR/PGC-BUR-RAN-01.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources in Bihar, Jharkhand and adjoining areas (RS Rathi)


PGR/PGC-BUR-RAN-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of agriculture crops, their wild relatives and economic species includingmedicinal plants [RS Rathi, SK Bishnoi (on study leave w.e.f. 2012) and AK Gupta]

PGR/PGC-BUR-RAN-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of horticultural crops& perennial medicine [RS Rathi, SK Bishnoi (on studyleave w.e.f. 2012) and AK Gupta]


Summary: A total of 1,055 accessions of agri-horticultural crop germplasm have been characterized during Kharif-2015 foragro-morphological traits. A set of 235 maize accessions collected from Mizoram has been phenotypically characterized andevaluated for reaction to Turcicum leaf blight. The hill rice germplasm (64 accessions) of Arunachal Pradesh was genotypedwith SSR markers and population structure has been analysed. Altogether, 137 chilli (Capsicum spp.) accessions werephenotypically characterized and their reaction to Chilli veinal mottle virus has been studied. Some of the chiili accessionswere found to be resistant or moderately resistant to the virus. Among the potential crops, rice bean (113), buckwheat (140),Perilla (12) and Coix (10) have been characterized/ multiplied. Among the rhizomatous crops, 50 accessions of ginger and180 accessions of turmeric were raised for maintenance. A total of 187 accessions comprising banana, citrus, guava, minorfruits and M & APs are being maintained in the field genebank (FGB). A total of 103 germplasm were supplied as per MTA.

16REGIONAL STATION, SHILLONG

16.1 Germplasm Exploration

During the period this station has jointly undertaken anexploration with ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Thrissur forcollection of crop wild relations (CWRs) belonging tothe genus Abelmoschus, Vigna and Cucurbits. A totalof 176 accessions covering 40 taxa were collected fromDimapur, Kiphire, Kohima, Mokokchung, Phek,Tuensang, and Wokha districts of Nagaland.

16.2 Germplasm Characterization

Altogether 1,055 accessions of agri-horticultural cropgermplasm have been characterized during Kharif 2015for agro-morphological traits.

16.2.1 Characterization of maize germplasm ofMizoram: A total of 235 accessions of maize collected

from the state of Mizoram during 2014 were grown inABD along with five checks. Data was recorded for 40morphological traits. According to the farmers’classification of the landraces, out of 243 accessions,108 were sticky (locally called Mimban), 55 accessionswere Mimpui (having large cobs) and 31 accessionswere popcorn type (Puakzo). The phenotypiccharacteristics of the landraces are given in Table 16.1.The accessions were also screened for symptoms ofTurcicum leaf blight disease caused by Exserohilumturcicum. Based on disease scoring (0-5 scale) thegermplasm can be categorized into: resistant (score <2.0) – 169 accessions; moderately resistant (score 2.1– 3.0) – 27 accessions moderately susceptible (3.1-3.5)– 13 accessions and susceptible (score > 3.5) – 26accessions. All five check varieties viz. Vijay, Hemant,RCM-1-75, RCM-1-76 and Local Red were found tobe resistant to leaf blight disease.

Table 16.1. Descriptive statistics of morphological characteristics of Mizoram maize landraces

Traits Mean Min Max %CV

No. of leaves/plant 12.3 6.0 20.0 17.8Leaf length (cm) 76.8 7.5 110.0 22.0Leaf width (cm) 8.6 3.0 13.0 16.3Days to tasseling 84.6 64.0 117.0 12.2Days to silking 90.7 68.0 117.0 11.9Plant height (cm) 161.3 47.5 774.5 39.9Ear height (cm) 93.3 27.5 252.5 32.1No. of leaves above upper ear 4.7 3.0 14.5 23.3Ear length (cm) 12.4 4.5 23.5 32.0Peduncle length (cm) 5.0 1.0 19.0 68.4Ear diameter (cm) 12.1 3.4 18.0 21.4Cob diameter (cm) 3.0 1.1 5.0 25.9Rachis diameter (cm) 2.3 0.2 4.0 31.2No. of bracts 8.5 4.0 15.0 25.7No. of kernel rows 14.7 3.0 28.0 22.9Kernels/ row 25.3 0.1 221.0 68.2


16.2.2 Characterization of rice germplasm: DuringKharif 2015, the NE rice core set (701 accessions) wasgrown for multiplication and agro-morphologicalcharacterization (Fig 16.1). In addition to this, a set of60 bora (sticky) rice accessions of Assam was grownfor characterization. Under upland condition, hill rices

Fig16.1. Characterization of NE rice core set

collected from Arunachal Pradesh were characterized(Table 16.2). Based on the length and breadth of thekernels, most of the hill rice accessions have beencategorized into short kernel length class (52 accessions)and bold shaped (56 accessions). Altogether, 110 riceaccessions were characterized under upland condition.

Table 16.2. Summary statistics of 64 hill rice accessions collected from Arunachal Pradesh

Traits Mean Min Max % CV

Days to heading 118.3 89.0 141.0 11.0Plant height (cm) 74.6 32.0 122.2 28.2Leaf length (cm) 56.9 36.0 78.7 19.7Leaf width (cm) 1.9 1.4 2.4 12.4Panicle length (cm) 22.7 16.5 28.7 13.1Grains/panicle 153.4 68.0 272.5 36.8Grain length (mm) 6.6 5.3 8.5 11.1Grain breadth (mm) 3.5 2.7 4.0 10.4100-grain weight (g) 22.9 15.8 34.6 15.9

16.2.3 Characterization of hill rice germplasmcollected from Arunachal Pradesh: Genetic diversitywithin a set of 64 hill rice accessions collected fromthree districts (East Kameng, Papum Pare andKurungKumey) of Arunachal Pradesh has beenanalysed using 35 SSR markers (Fig 16.2). Altogether,297 alleles have been revealed with an average of 8.49alleles across the loci. Average gene diversity andpolymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.69 and0.65, respectively. In comparison to the controls (15 ricevarieties belonging to indica, aus, aromatic andjaponica subgroups of rice), hill rices had a higheraverage number of alleles per locus (7.4) and similarvalues for both gene diversity and PIC. Genetic distance-based analyses involving clustering and principalcoordinate analysis revealed a clear separation of theindica controls from most of the hill rice accessions.

Only eight hill rices grouped closely with aus andaromatic controls. A model-based population structureanalysis grouped eleven hill rices with indica and aus

Fig 16.2. Diversity and population structure of hill ricegermplasm of Arunachal Pradesh


controls at the optimal number of groups (K = 2). Bothdistance- and model-based approaches indicated that thehill rices are predominantly japonica and/or indica-japonica admixture. These findings were furthersupported by a combined analysis of current riceaccessions and 234 structured global rice varieties.

16.2.4 Characterization of chilli germplasm: A totalof 137 accessions of chilli (Capsicum spp.) belonging toC. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense have beencharacterized for 25 phenotypic traits (Fig 16.3). Thechilli accessions were also evaluated for their reactionto Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) based oncharacteristic symptoms of mottling, mosaic and chlorosison leaves. All the plants of an accession have beenvisually scored in a scale of 0-5 based on severity of thesymptoms. The disease severity index (DSI) was

calculated for each accession. A total of 14 accessionswere found resistant (DSI<10%), while 37 weremoderately resistant (DSI = 10-20%) to ChiVMV.Accessions such as IC22217, IC324215, IC410531,IC410423, IC538879, HGD-72, HGD-102, HGD-38,IC526531, HGD-64 and HGD-37 were resistant to thevirus.

16.2.5 Characterization of potential cropgermplasm: A total of 113 rice bean accessionsconserved in MTS were multiplied and characterized inABD with four check varieties (PRR1, PRR2, VRB3and RBL6). Data were recorded on 17agromorphological traits. Descriptive statistics for ninequantitative traits are summarized in Table 16.3. Otherpotential crops characterized were Perilla (12accessions) and Coix (10 accessions).

Fig 16.3. Field trial of NE Indian chilli germplasm and variability observed in fruiting behaviour

Table 16.3. Descriptive statistics of quantitative traits in rice bean

Traits Mean Min Max CV Best check Accessions with superior trait value

Days to 50% flowering 65.3 56.0 80.0 7.7 PRR1, PRR2, -VRB3 (56 days)

Days to 80% maturity 111.4 95.0 125.0 6.1 PRR2 (97 days) IC394438 (95 days)Plant height (cm) 110.4 49.7 189.0 19.8 - -No. of branches / plant 4.8 2.3 9.3 27.5 PRR1 (3.3) IC140795, IC369282, IC419489,

IC419602 (>7)100-seed weight (g) 8.6 4.0 36.0 40.9 VRB3 (6.8 g) -No. of pods/ plant 115.7 45.0 220.3 34.8 VRB3 (65) IC419588, IC524080, MRS75,

MRS83, MRS116, MRS93 (>200)Pod length (cm) 10.7 8.2 14.3 9.8 RBL6 (10.7) -No of seeds/ pod 9.1 7.3 12.0 9.6 RBL6 (9.6) IC137200, IC140795, IC369355,

IC394438, IC419489, IC419493 (>10)Yield/plant (g) 15.5 4.9 53.1 43.6 PRR2 (22.5 g) -


16.2.6 Identification and characterization of virusspecies associated with yellow mosaic disease inmid-hill conditions of Meghalaya: The Mungbeanyellow mosaic virus (MYMV) occurring in mid-hillconditions of Umiam has been isolated and characterizedfrom symptomatic mungbean, black gram, soybean andricebean plants (Fig 16.4A) under the Department ofBiotechnology, Government of India funded NER-TWINNING project. The PCR assay using MYMIVand MYMV specific primers showed specific ampliconsfor MYMIV DNA A, MYMIV DNA B and MYMVDNA B (Fig 16.4B). Rolling circle amplification (RCA)has been carried out, however, restriction digestion withunique enzymes failed to give specific bands. Further,the PCR assay using diluted RCA product as templateshowed positive amplification for both MYMIV (DNA

Fig 16.4. Characterization of Mungbean yellow mosaicdisease in Meghalaya. A, Symptoms found on differentleguminous plants; B, Detection of MYMV componentsthrough PCR; C, Genome organization of MYMV isolate

from Umiam, Meghalaya

A and DNA B) and MYMV (DNA B). Finally, sets ofoverlapping primers were designed according to reportedMYMIV and MYMV to sequence the full genome. Theassembled sequences of DNA A (2741 bp) and DNA B(2656 bp) were analysed for sequence similarity,phylogeny and recombination (Fig 16.4C). BLASTanalysis of DNA A from Meghalaya showed 95-97%identity with MYMIV DNA A (West Bengal, Tamil Naduand Bangladesh), whereas, DNA B from Meghalayashowed 90-96% identity with both MYMIV DNA Band MYMV DNA B (96% identity with Tamil Naduisolate). Overall, the yellow mosaic disease in Meghalayais an association of MYMIV DNA A with a recombinantDNA B.

16.3 Germplasm Regeneration/ Maintenanceand Conservation

During Kharif 2015, a total of 333 accessions of maizeand 140 accessions of buckwheat were regenerated.Among the rhizomatous crops, 50 accessions of gingerand 180 accessions of turmeric were raised formaintenance. A total of 187 accessions comprisingbanana, citrus, guava, minor fruits and M & APs weremaintained in field genebank.


A total of 101 accessions of rice have been supplied toICAR Research complex for NEH Region, TripuraCentre. Two accessions of aromatic ginger (Kaempferiaspp.) were supplied to Regional Research Laboratory,Jorhat, Assam.

Research Programme (Code: Title, ProgrammeLeader)

(PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.00): Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of plant genetic resources in north-eastern India (AK Misra)


PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of agricultural crops (paddy-low land/upland, maize and mustard) and their wildrelatives. (AK Misra, S Roy, GD Harish and SK Singh)

PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of horticultural crops (chilli, ginger, turmeric, yams, taros, citrus, banana andpassion fruit) and their wild relatives. (AK Misra, S Roy, GD Harish and SK Singh)

PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.03: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation anddocumentation of genetic resources of potential crops and their wild relatives. (S Roy, AK Misra, GD Harish and SKSingh)

Externally funded projects

Improvement of mungbean for resistance to Mungbean yellow mosaic virus. (S Roy, DBT)


Summary: One germplasm exploration trip was undertaken in Lahaul & Spiti and Kinnaur districts of Himachal Pradesh anda total of 73 accessions comprising behmi (1), Cicer microphyllum (27), Linseed (5), Hordeum vulgare (1), Allium carolinianum(1), wild apricot (21) and wild Triticeae (17) were collected. A total of 1,874 germplasm accessions were grown for charac-terization, evaluation and multiplication. Wide range of genetic variability was recorded for different traits. In grain amaranthaverage plant height was 275.66 cm, while it ranged from 110.2-375.2 cm, mean inflorescence length 65.34 cm (range 6.1-125.2 cm), mean 1000- seed weight 0.69 g (range 0.38-1.5 g) and mean seed yield/ plant was 89.23 g, while it ranged from4.04-226.25 g. EC289396, EC338959 and IC423410 were found superior for plant height, inflorescence length and seedyield/plant. In buckwheat, plant height ranged from 51.6-198.3 cm, no. of inflorescence/plant 4-29, days to maturity 135-142and seed yield/plant from 0.1-3.98 g. In kidney bean days to flowering ranged from 28-130 days, pod length 4.5-22.5 cm, no.of pods/plant from 2.5-28.5, days to maturity 50-209 and seed yield / plant from 1.78 to 58.51g. WB-183, EC72281, EC755572were found superior for no. of pods/plant and no. of seed/pod. In apple fruit weight ranged from 40.21-266.41 g, fruit maturityfrom 70-134 days, while TSS from 7.70-15.50% and EC38683, EC38729, EC145094 and EC38683 were found superior forhigh TSS, and fruit weight. In pear fruit length ranged from 37.07-88.02mm, fruit width 42.41 – 85.41mm and TSS from 7.10-15.10 % and IC558066, EC552671 and IC20821 were found superior for high TSS, fruit pressure and fruit weight. In peachdays to fruit harvest ranged from 60-138 days, fruit weight from 54.53-231.63 g and TSS ranged from 8.10-14 %.

17REGIONAL STATION, SHIMLA

17.1 Germplasm Exploration and Collection

One exploration trip was undertaken during the periodand 73 germplasm accessions were collected fromKinnaur and Lahaul Spiti districts of Himachal Pradeshas given below :


17.2.1 Field crops: A total of 1,874 germplasmaccessions comprising of different field crops werecharacterized and evaluated for various traits. All cropswere evaluated in ABD along with the standard checksas given below in the Table.

Data were recorded as per the descriptor statesdeveloped by ICAR-NBPGR, and promising accessionswere identified for important traits.

Table 17.1. Crop germplasm collected through explorationin districts of Himachal Pradesh

Crop Area explored Germplasmcollected

Behmi Kinnaur 1Cicer microphyllum Lahaul & Spiti 27Linseed Lahaul & Spiti 5Hordeum vulgare Lahaul & Spiti 1Allium carolinianum Lahaul & Spiti 1Wild apricot Lahaul & Spiti 21Wild Triticeae Lahaul & Spiti 17Total 73

Fig 17.1. EC289396 ofamaranth superior for

plant height and inflores-cence length

Fig 17.2. WB-183 of kidneybean superior for no. of

pods/plant and no. of seed/pod

Table 17.2. Field crop germplasm evaluated during 2015

Crop Accessions Checks

French bean 669 -Amaranth 502 Durga, PRA-2,

Annapurna, PRA-3Buckwheat 263 PRB-1, Himpriya, VL-7,

Shimla B-1Chenopod 71 EC507741, NIC22503,

PRC-9801Adzuki bean 67 Totru local, HPU-51Rice bean 110 RBL1, RBL6, PRA-2,

PRA-1Cowpea 112 Grown for multiplicationMillets 80 Grown for multiplication

Total accessions 1874


Fig 17.3. EC38729 fruitweight of apple superior

for high TSS

Fig 17.4. EC552671 of pearsuperior fruit weight for

fruit pressure andhigh TSS

17.2.1.1 Promising accessions identified forimportant traits: In grain amaranth average plantheight was 276.66 cm, while it ranged from 110.2-375.2

cm, mean inflorescence length was 65.34 cm (range6.1-125.2 cm), mean 1000- seed weight was 0.69 g(range 0.38-1.5g) and average seed yield/ plant was89.23g, while it ranged from 4.04-226.25g. EC289396,EC338959 and IC423410 were found superior for plantheight, inflorescence length and seed yield/plant. Inbuckwheat average plant height was 114.40 cm (range51.6-198.3 cm), no. of inflorance/plant 13.06 (4-29), no.of seeds/inflorescence 2.97 (1-11). AccessionsIC423554, IC423559 and IC383449 were found superiorfor plant height and no. of inflorescence/plant. In kidneybean days to flowering ranged from 28-130 days, podlength 4.5-22.5cm, no. of pods/plant from 2.5-28.5, daysto maturity ranged from 50-209 and seed yield/ plantfrom 1.78 to 58.51g. In pea, average days to floweringwas 105.83 and it ranged from 69-140 days, averagepod length was 6.08 and ranged from 3.00-9.30, no ofseeds/pod ranged from 2-7 and mean 100-seed weightwas 13.80g, while it ranged from 5.21-27.30g.

Table 17.3.Promising accessions identified for important traits

Character Range Mean Promising accessions

Grain amaranthPlant height (cm) 110.2-375.2 275.66 IC423410, EC289381, EC289396, EC338959Inflorescence length (cm) 6.1-125.2 65.34 EC289381, EC338959, IC258252, EC405329Days to maturity 83.176 151.16 EC519515, IC551466, IC551482, IC5514831000 seed weight (g) 0.38-1.5 0.69 IC551482, IC551462, IC551486, IC551494Days to flowering 44-117 87.77 EC519529, EC519515, EC405329, IC551494Seed yield/plant (g) 4.04-226.25 89.23 IC551502, EC322030, EC328883, IC274451

BuckwheatPlant height (cm) 51.6-198.3 114.40 IC415470, IC423471, IC423486, IC361639No of inflorescence/plant 4-29 13.06 Shimla B1, IC423440, Chanduram, IC423554Days to maturity 135-142 123.65 IC341615, IC16552, Shimla B1, IC362253No of seeds/inflorescence 1-11 2.97 Shimla B1, IC341693, IC381074, IC423471Seed yield/plant (g) 0.1-3.98 0.81 IC341692, Shimla B1, IC313152, IC423471

Adzuki beanNo. of clusters/plant 9.5-23.5 15.14 EC340269, EC87896, EC341962, EC87815No. of pods/plant 25.5-70.5 49.87 IC108854, IC341944, EC87896, EC30270No. of seeds/pod 5.5-10.5 7.78 IC24522, IC140846, IC341952, IC16761Days to maturity 103-127 113.01 IC89957, EC340268, IC108856, IC16761Seed yield/plant (g) 7.65-66.43 36.27 IC24522, EC340254, IC341957, EC087815100 seed weight (g) 4.05-17.5 9.62 JCR CHAMBA, EC281186, EC000248, IC341957

Rice beanPod length (cm) 8.4-13.7 10.88 RBHP-301, RBHP-308, IC469206, RBHP-304No of seeds/pod 7.5-15 12.18 IC341998, LRB-336, EC18260, IC360616Days to maturity 161-178 169.83 IC341914, IC341997, IC469183, IC469192Seed yield/plant (g) 35.15-125.44 76.87 RBHP-301, IC18553, IC360608, IC469192100 seed weight (g) 5.81-9.53 7.52 IC469181, IC360597, IC341996, RBHP-304

Kidney beanDays to flowering 28-130 57.81 EC755498, WB-134, WB-141, WB-146Pod length (cm) 4.5-22.5 13.19 WB-183, WB-632, HUR-129, SRS-13481No of pods/plant 2.5-28.5 9.4 EC755572, EC755641-1, EC755638, EC755555No of seeds/pod 3.5-8.5 5.44 EC72281, EC73039, EC553605, EC755642100 seed weight (g) 6.37-113.11 32.58 SRS-13535-1, SRS-13495, SRS-13535, ROD-14


Days to maturity 50-209 106.58 EC755332, EC755379, EC755382, EC755380Seed yield/plant (g) 1.78-58.51 16.60 WB-252-1, WB-141, WB-632, WB-6

PeaDays to flowering 69-140 105.83 P-2341, P-3822, P-2144, 5425/P-2097No of clusters/plant 2-17 7.43 6014/P-3010, P-3517, P-3498, 3017/P-3013Pod length (cm) 3.00-9.30 6.08 P-3164, P-2998, P-2262, P-2350No of pods/plant 2.00-31.00 12.25 6014/P-3010, P-3517, IC315052, P-2570No of seeds/pod 2-7 4.30 P-3757, P-3768, P-2167, P-2125Days to maturity 152-192 174.36 P-3891, P-3890, 6701/P-3663, P-2122100 seed weight (g) 5.21-27.30 13.80 P-3836, P-2345, 6018/P-3014, IC279125

ChenopodInflorescence length (cm) 43.2-83.6 56.65 IC381106, IC258235, IC540842, EC359445Leaf length (cm) 5.3-20.1 14.20 IC7959, EC201680, NIC22532, IC109192Leaf width (cm) 3.6-20.2 13.59 IC447575, IC7961, EC359447, EC201618Days to 80% maturity 105-156 138.31 IC341713, NIC22506, NIC22496, NIC22502Seed yield/plant (g) 2.86-67.13 19.31 NIC22514, EC507733, IC540831, NIC225061000 seed weight (g) 0.4-1.3 0.72 IC540831, IC22492, IC7957, IC7958

17.2.2 Horticultural Crops: In horticultural crops,germplasm accessions of apple (49), pear (24), plum(26), apricot (19), walnut (42) and peach (31) werecharacterized and evaluated for various pomologicaltraits. In apple, fruit length ranged from 37.42-82.24 mm,fruit width from 46.97 - 90.03 mm, fruit weight from40.21-266.41g and TSS 7.70 -15.50%. In pear, fruitlength ranged from 37.07-88.02 mm, fruit width from42.41 - 85.41 mm and TSS ranged from 7.10-15.10%.

In plum, days to fruit harvest from 77 to 131 days, stoneweight ranged from 0.8 to 3.20 g and TSS from 8-18.40%. In apricot, days to fruit harvest ranged from54-98 days, fruit length 33.87-59.69 mm, fruit width32.48-51.95 mm and TSS 11.20-18.00%. In walnut, nutlength ranges from 25.09-49.46 mm, nut width from21.40-41.97 mm and nut weight 5.96-24.12 g. In peach,days to fruit harvest from 60-138, fruit weight from54.53-231.63g and TSS from 8.10-14%.

Table 17.4. Promising accessions identified for important pomological characters

Crop Character Promising accessions

Apple Earliness (<100days) IC538524, EC114118, Scarlet Spur, IC558024, EC044005, IC558027, SuperChief,

Fruit weight (>150g) IC349911, EC145094, IC558030, EC38683, EC539449, IC349910, IC558029TSS (>12%) EC38683, IC566137, IC432171, EC38729, EC539449, EC114118, EC144238High productivity Super Chief, IC538522, EC114118, IC349911, IC349910, EC044005, EC200360Juiciness Anna, EC038735, Scarlet Spur, Super Chief, EC027790, EC044005, EC200817,

IC432171Fruit pressure (>4kg) EC34041, Dorset Golden, Cherry Gala, Golden 972, Scarlet Spur, IC349919

Pear Earliness (<120 days) EC27810, EC27809, EC057511, IC557985, EC552671, Kashiq, IC557992Fruit weight (>140g) EC552671, Baldwin Pear, IC538508, EC27810, IC20808, IC20821, IC557992TSS (>10%) IC558066, IC558075, EC168557, EC27809, Kashiq, EC27810, EC552674Juiciness IC557985, EC27809, IC538508, IC558078, IC566190, EC27810Fruit pressure(>5kg) IC20108, EC057511, IC558078, EC552674, EC552671, IC20821, EC552676

Peach Earliness (<80days) EC552642, IC566147, EC552645, EC280769, IC349928, EC174084, EC280767Fruit weight (>150g) IC538537, EC038737 ,EC115563 ,EC27793 ,EC313953, EC198817TSS (>12%) IC538537, EC038737, EC115563, EC027793, EC313953, EC198817, Durbin

NectarinePulp-stone ratio (< 5) IC538537, Belle of Georgia, EC115563, EC552643, Hale Haven, EC313953,

EC280769High productivity Hale Haven, EC038737, EC284453, EC331812, EC313953, EC280765,

EC313954

Plum Earliness (<90days) EC117604, IC020827, IC020085, EC382626, EC34050, IC555355Fruit weight (>70g) IC558084, EC393741, EC538999, IC558067, IC552670, EC552693, Black PrinceTSS (>15%) IC020827, EC34050, IC555355, EC552689, EC117604, IC020085, Kala AmritsariFruit pressure(>2 kg) IC557994, Black Prince, Shiro, IC566180,EC117604, EC538999, IC566139


Walnut Early fruit maturity EC038833 ,IC20490, EC038653, EC038837, IC20068 ,EC036748 ,EC038830(<130 days)Nut weight (>15g) EC027482, IC538533, IC22021, EC038833, Sargento, EC038837, IC020109Kernel weight (>5g) IC22021, EC027482, EC038833, IC20112, IC538533, Sargento, IC538531Kernel percentage (>50) IC20112 ,IC020065 ,EC082384, EC026894, EC024507 ,IC19376, IC538532Soft shelled (very soft) IC20112, IC020115, IC20114, EC024562, EC28426, EC024507, EC038837Kernel colour (light) EC026894, IC020111, EC038836, IC20112, IC020117, IC020107, EC038653

Apricot Earliness (<80days) IC558065, IC558063, IC584511, EC168402, KS-1, IC22037, EC539003Fruit weight (>50g) EC539004,IC584511,EC552701,EC168402,EC280843,EC242784 IC558065High TSS (>15%) IC584511 ,IC20457, IC584510,IC432144 ,EC539003, IC558083, KS-1Fruit pressure(>2kg) EC280843, EC168342, IC558063, EC539003, EC168402, IC22037, KS-1


17.3.1 Germplasm conserved in the LTS: A total of 167 accessions of various crops comprising French bean(45), buckwheat (32), chenopod (4) and oats (86) were sent to the NGB for LTS.

17.3.2 Medium Term Storage: A total of 12,565 accessions of various crops were conserved in the MTS.

17.3.3 Field Genebank: A total of 1,215 germplasm accessions of perennial crops such as fruits, medicinal andaromatic plants including other economic plants conserved in the field genebank.

Table 17.6. Accessions manifained in the field genebank

Crop No. of Accessions Crop No. of Accessions Crop No. of Accessions.

Apple 259 Pistacia 3 Viburnum 3Peach 52 Chinese ber 3 Rubus 20Pear 97 Hops 6 Ribes 6Plum 58 Citrus 4 Quince 10Apricot 43 Pineapple guava 2 Grape 41Cherry 18 Fig 10 Mespilus spp. 4Walnut 165 Strawberry 4 Mulberry 4Hazelnut 20 Olive 6 Rose 39Pecan nut 50 Passion fruit 3 Pomegranate 106Almond 16 Crataeagus 3 M&AP 52Kiwi 8 Chestnut 2 Ornamentals 51Persimmon 12 Other economic plants 35

Total 1,215

17.3.4 Conservation of wild relatives: Crop wild relatives of various agri-horticultural crops species have beenmaintained both in MTS for seed propagating crops and in the FGB for perennial and vegetative propagating cropplants.


Crop germplasm comprising of 4,214 seed samples of agricultural crops and 400 rooted plants and 115 bud sticks/cutting of fruit crops were supplied to the various researchers across the country.

Table 17.5. Accessions conserved in the MTS

Crop No of accessions Crop No of accessions Crop No of acc.

French bean 4,353 Foxtail millet 278 Soybean 144Amaranth 3,270 Chickpea 258 Paddy 108Buckwheat 1,000 Cowpea 228 Barnyard millet 71Pea 705 Chenopod 199 Meetha karela 42Wheat 642 Adzuki bean 169 Urd 30Finger millet 410 Proso millet 160 Cuphea 16Rice bean 332 Horse gram 150 Total 12,565


• Seed crops: Buckwheat (769), amaranth (655), French bean (874), rice bean (572), adzuki bean (175), chenopod(534), pea (255), oats (120), finger millet (255) and horse gram (5).

• Rooted plants/seedlings: walnut (9), pomegranate (28), grapes (18), feijoa (18), kiwi (23), persimmon (10),pear (140), almond (27), apple (27), peach (37), apricot (24), pecan nut (10), pepino (23) and medicinal plants (2).

• Bud sticks/ cutting: apricot (48), pear (10), peach (7), apple (15), almond (5) and kiwi (30).


PGR/GEV/BUR/SHM-01.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources in north-western Indian Himalayan region (JC Rana up to03.04. 2015, Mohar Singh w.e.f 04.04.2015)


PGR/GEV/BUR/SHM-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation, and distribution of genetic resources of pseudocereals, pulses, and other lesser known hillcrops (JC Rana till 03.04. 2015, Mohar Singh w.e.f 04.04.2015)

PGR/GEV/BUR/SHM-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation, and distribution of genetic resources of temperate fruits, vegetables and medicinal and aromaticplants. (JC Rana till 03.04. 2015, Mohar Singh w.e.f 04.04.2015)

Externally funded ad-hoc research projects:

1. Collection, mapping, evaluation and conservation for sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources of colddesert region of india (JC Rana)

2. Evaluation of wild apricot (Prunus armeniaca) for selection of superior clones for plantation in tribal areas ofHimachal Pradesh (Mohar Singh)

3. Understanding the impact of climate change on plant species composition, upward shifts and phenological eventsthrough case studies in Himachal Pradesh (JC Rana and Mohar Singh)

4. Understanding the impact and response of glacier retreating on floristic diversity and societal livelihoods at naraduGlacier in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh (JC Rana)

5. Generation advancement and development of new genotypes through pre-breeding in lentil and chickpea (MoharSingh, IS Bisht, Jyoti Kumari, Nidhi Verma, Sheelamary)

6. Standardization of seed production technology and seed testing protocol in untapped potential crops (fodder, quinoa,medicinal and aromatic plants) (Mohar Singh)

131REGIONAL STATION, SRINAGAR

Summary: A total of 28 germplasm accessions of seed spices including naturally growing Bunium persicum and Carumcarvi were collected from different parts of Jammu and Kashmir in collaboration with NRC (SS) Ajmer.The station has alsocollaborated in exploration and germplasm collection programme of wild Triticeae and Cicer conducted by HQ in Kargildistrict of Ladakh. A total of 96 accessions belonging to 14 taxa were collected, besides 86 herbarium specimens collectedwere submitted to NHCP. A total of 428 germplasm accessions comprising wheat (200), barley (100), rapeseed mustard(76) and linseed (52) were evaluated for their morpho-agronomic characters as per the minimal descriptors during Rabi2014-15 under rainfed conditions and promising/superior genotypes for different traits in each of these crops were identi-fied. Besides, 28 accessions of collected seed spices, 86 accessions of multiplied germplasm of pulses including Frenchbean, cowpea, horse gram, mungbean, amaranth, maize, soybean and finger millet have also been sent to NGB for longterm conservation. Fifty seven germplasm accessions of strawberry (03), Allium cepavar. proliferum (pran) (05), mint (01),Iris (1), garlic (18), Dioscorea deltoidea (23) and Bunium persicum (6) are being maintained in the experimental field.



During the period under report one exploration andgermplasm collection programme on seed spices wasundertaken in collaboration with NRC (SS) Ajmer and28 germplasm accessions were collected from differentparts of Jammu and Kashmir and sent to HQ forconservation. The germplasm collected included Buniumpersicum (12), Carum carvi (4), Trachyspermum ammi(1), Trigonella foenum-graecum (4) and Coriandrumsativum (7).

Fig 18.1.Variability of some seed spices collected fromdifferent areas of Jammu & Kashmir

Black caraway (Bunium persicum) belonging to thefamily Apiaceae is an endangered perennial herb withtuberous root found growing naturally in north-westernHimalayas at an altitude of 1800-3500 m MSL in forests,grassy slopes and in arid zones as well. It is a highlyvaluable plant commonly called as kala zeera, siahzeeraand shahizeera, latter name refers to its popularity inthe imperial (Mughal) cuisines of Northern India. Carumcarvi is another closely related biennial member of

Apiaceae family growing naturally at some places inthe state of Jammu and Kashmir. Overexploitation hasnow resulted in drastic decline of populations of thesevaluable wild plant genetic resources throughout the stateof Jammu and Kashmir.

Fig 18.2. Fruits (erroneously called seeds) of Buniumpersicum (SHEIKH/RSM-11) and Carum carvi (SHEIKH/RSM-7) collected during exploration and germplasmcollection programme. Relentless overharvesting ofwhole plants by the locals (right) may be a reason for

their declining populations


The station has also collaborated in another explorationand germplasm collection programme of wild Triticeaeand Cicer conducted by HQ from Kargil district ofJammu and Kashmir. A total of 96 accessions belongingto 14 taxa such as Elymus sp., Hordeum sp., Hystrixduthiei, Leymus secalinus, Cicer microphyllum,Carum carvi, Lepidium apetalum were collected fromthe areas including Zojila Pass, Drass, Batalik, Khaltse,Beema, Kargil, Shankar, Namkila, Fotula, Lamsoo Santo,Sankoo, Rangdum, Padum and Zangla. About 86herbarium specimens collected during this Kargil trip havebeen submitted to NHCP, NBPGR.

18.2 Characterization of Germplasm

A total of 428 accessions comprising of wheat (200),barley (100), rapeseed mustard (76) and linseed (52)were evaluated for their morpho-agronomic charactersas per the minimal descriptors during Rabi 2014-15

Fig 18.3. Kargil apricot

under rainfed conditions and superior/promisinggenotypes were identified in each of these crops fordifferent traits.

Table 18.1. Range, mean and superior accessions identified in wheat and barley during Rabi 2014-15

Crop/Traits Range Mean Best Superior accessionsvalue check

Wheat (200 accessions)Plant height (cm) 55.72-121.48 90.18 PBW-343 (105.18) IC532152 (121.48), IC534812(116.52),

IC32087(113.94), IC82328(112.86)Spike length (cm) 5.32-12.00 8.35 HS-240 (10.34) IC47585(12.00), IC532096(11.68),

IC532125(11.18), IC532864(11.06)100-seed weight (g) 2.90-4.90 3.72 GW-322 (3.70) IC79068(4.90), IC532201(4.70),

IC53620(4.60), IC532099(4.60)Seed yield/plant (g) 9.70-29.24 16.78 HS-240 (17.28) IC78866(29.24), IC79068(27.42),

IC78916(24.28),S/R-Gulistan(24.27)

Barley (100 accessions)Plant height (cm) 49.28-101.98 80.43 Jyoti (86.29) EC667445(101.98),EC667420(96.20),

EC667390(95.66),EC667437(95.26)No. of grains/spike 11.20-46.40 28.07 Jyoti (23.40) EC667358(46.40),EC667384(41.60),

EC667404(41.00),EC667385(40.00)100-seed weight (g) 3.90-5.30 4.57 Jyoti (4.75) EC667368(5.30),EC667355(5.20),

EC667391(5.20),EC667352(5.10)Seed yield/plant (g) 8.46-27.88 19.43 Jyoti (22.36) EC667410(27.88),EC667458(27.56),

EC667353(26.90),EC667439(26.62)

Fig 18.4. Multiplication and preliminarycharacterization of amaranth

(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)germplasm


Table 18.2. Range, mean and promising accessions identified in rapeseed mustard and linseed during Rabi 2014-15

Traits Range Mean Best check value Promising accessions

Rapeseed mustard (76 accessions)Plant height (cm) 47.88-95.16 69.57 GSL-2 (78.64) IC363771 (95.16), IC363616-A (93.88),

IC538641 (93.74), IC553126 (88.32)No. of siliqua/plant 28.0-142.8 75.68 GSL-2 (87.27) IC538641 (142.8), IC363776 (128.4),

IC343127 (108.8), IC262076 (104.4),1000-seed weight (g) 2.50-4.90 3.515 Shalimar-2 (386) IC553126 (4.90), IC399823 (4.70) IC363733

(4.10), IC-363615 (4.10),Seed yield/plant (g) 3.76-18.80 10.50 GSL-2 (8.24) IC280048 (18.80), IC280044 (16.40),

IC280045 (15.30), IC280040 (15.20)Linseed (52 accessions)Plant height (cm) 24.81-61.81 45.61 Garima (45.25) IC96612 (61.81), IC597276 (60.66),

IC597274 (57.69), IC597267 (54.50)No. of capsules/plant 19.80-61.90 34.36 Kiran (25.90) IC96568 (61.90), IC96612 (58.00),

IC597270 (57.80), IC597276 (56.00)1000-seed weight (g) 5.85-9.20 7.322 Kiran (8.45) IC96634 (9.20), IC96631 (8.95),

IC96649 (8.75), IC96648 (8.55)Seed yield/plant (g) 1.22-5.53 2.282 Garima (1.70) IC597278 (5.53), IC597276 (4.87),

IC597275 (4.83), IC597274 (4.80)

Fig 18.5. Black caraway (Bunium persicum) a highly valuable endangered plant being maintained in the field


Besides 28 accessions of collected seed spices, 42accessions of multiplied germplasm of pulses includingFrench bean, cowpea, horsegram and mungbean weresubmitted for long term conservation to NGB, New Delhi.IC numbers have been allotted to all 70 accessionsTwenty six accessions of multiplied germplasm ofamaranth (7), maize (11), soybean (6), finger millet (1)and cowpea (1) have also been sent to NGB for longterm conservation. The germplasm of these crops aswell as that of pulses was multiplied during Kharif 2015.A total of 57 germplasm accessions of strawberry (03),Allium cepa var. Proliferum (pran) (05), mint (01), Iris

(1), garlic (18), Dioscorea deltoidea (23) and Buniumpersicum (6) are being maintained in the experimentalfield.


A total of 17 germplasm accessions of soybean and maizewere supplied to Akola station. Seeds of some local cropswere supplied to a local Government College forexhibition purpose. Tubers of Bunium persicum ecotypecollected from Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmirwere received from Exploration and GermplasmCollection Division, ICAR-NBPGR New Delhi.


Research Programme (Code:Title, Programme Leader)

PGR/PGC–BUR-SRI-01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of germplasm resources of various crops from Jammu & Kashmir region (SheikhM Sultan)


Collection, mapping, evaluation and conservation of plant genetic resources of cold desert region of India (JC Rana andSheikh M Sultan) DST Project

135REGIONAL STATION, THRISSUR

Summary: During the year, 371 samples of germplasm were collected through three exploration and collection missions,carried out in Nagaland, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. During Rabi 2014-15, 72 accessions of brinjal, 61 of wild bitter gourd,16 of snake gourd and 13 of ivy gourd were characterised/evaluated. During Kharif 2015, 207 accessions of rice, 40 of yard-long bean, 15 of Trichosanthes cucumerina, 22 of pumpkin, 31 of kokum and seven of okra synthetic amphidiploids werecharacterised/ evaluated. A holding of 8,970 and 1,916 accessions of different crops/ species/ wild relatives are beingmaintained in MTS and FGB, respectively. Maintained 52 accessions in nine crops and nine wild related species under invitro conservation. Sent 213 accessions for long-term storage at NGB and five for cryo-preservation at TCCU. A total of 656accessions in various crops/ wild species were supplied under MTA to three ICAR Institutions (235 accessions), 7 SAUs(295 accessions) and three other user agencies (126 accessions). Received 221 accessions of crops/ species for germplasmaugmentation. Popularised potential economic plants like sweet gourd, spine gourd and teasel gourd among farmersthrough reach-out programmes and media. Planting materials were distributed to 70 farmers.


19.1 Germplasm Exploration and Collection

Three exploration missions were undertaken collecting371 samples from the states of Nagaland, MadhyaPradesh and Gujarat. First trip was undertaken incollaboration with ICAR-IIHR covering Phek, Tuensangand Mokokchung districts and adjoining areas of districtslike Dimapur, Kiphire, Kohima and Wokha of Nagaland,in which 176 samples in 40 taxa of targeted crops andtheir wild relatives were collected. Good variability inFrench bean/ rajmash, yard-long bean and Momordicasubangulata subsp. subangulata was observed andcollected. Variability for seed size, colour, mottlingpattern and culinary traits was observed in French bean

Fig 19.1. Abelmoschustetraphyllus var. pungenscollected from Nagaland

Fig 19.2. Collection of wildSesamum malabaricum

germplasm from NorthernWestern Ghats of Gujarat

landraces. Vigna nepalense, Gymnopet lalumchinense, Herpetospermum operculatum,Abelmoschus tetraphyllus var. pungens, Solanumaculeatissimum, S. aethiopicum, S. indicum, S. spiraleand S. torvum, among crop wild relatives and JRPH/15-58, Cucumis sativus (slicing cucumber) with goodtaste and mild sweetness, JRPH/15-68, extra-long fruited(90cm) yard-long bean, JRPH/15-122 rajmash withwhite small grains and no flatulence creation, semi-domestic Solanum indicum (JRPH/15-39) withoutspines are some of the unique collections. Populationdiversity in rare, endemic and threatened (RET) taxaMomordica subangulata subsp. subangulata was alsorecorded. Seed morphology of various wild Solanumspecies was studied as a taxonomic character.

The second mission for collection of crop wild relativesof Abelmoschus and cucurbits was executed coveringRewa, Sidhi and Singrauli districts of Madhya Pradesh,and adjoining areas of border districts (Satna, Panna andShahdol of Madhya Pradesh and Chitrakoot in UttarPradesh) and collected 122 samples comprising 31 taxa.Good variability in population samples of Solanumincanum was collected. Unique bunch type, small roundand medium-long, fruited Luffa hermaphrodita, goodvariability in Trichosanthes cucumerina, small fruitednative bitter gourd and vegetable cowpea was collected.JJNS/15-119 Luffa echinata; JJNS/15-18 Rhynchosiarothii (morphologically allied to soybean); JJNS/15-13& JJNS/15-16 small, scented bunch type ridge gourdcalled “Ramthorai”; JJNS/15-52 slender, thin, bunchingsponge gourd are unique collections.


Fig 19.3. Momordica subangulata subsp.subangulata - a rare and endangered taxon -collected from Tuensang district of Nagaland

Fig 19.4. Herpetospermum operculatum (related toLuffa) collected from Nagaland

The third trip to the Northern Western Ghats area ofGujarat was executed in collaboration with the ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad forthe germplasm collection of wild species of Sesamum.The area comprising four districts of Gujarat namelyValsad, Dang, Navsari and Surat was covered and atotal of 73 samples belonging to 15 species were collectedincluding 31 samples in two species (29 of S.malabaricum and two of S. radiatum) of the targetedgenus Sesamum. Six samples of castor germplasm werecollected for research purposes of the collaboratinginstitute. Most of the other germplasm collected werethat of crop wild relatives, predominantly of threedifferent species of Abelmoschus (26 samples). Adistinct landrace each of greater yam, bottle gourd, brinjal(‘Desi Gulabi’) and sorghum (white seeded) were alsocollected.

19.1.1 Herbarium: Thrissur Regional StationHerbarium holds 748 taxa in total, comprising 662

Fig 19.5. Seed morphology of different species ofSolanum collected from Nagaland

species of crop wild relatives, medicinal plants and 148rice landraces. This year 14 specimens were depositedwith NHCP, New Delhi.

Fig 19.6. Luffa echinata – a close relative of ridge gourd,collected from Madhya Pradesh

19.2 Characterisation and Evaluation

19.2.1 Rice (Oryza sativa): A total of 207 accessionsof upland rice were evaluated for 11 qualitative and 11quantitative characters for the second year. Nineteenaccessions were found to have 50 percent floweringoccurring between 70-75 days after sowing. The notablelandraces for earliness are Keeripoothada (IC203823),Vellakoyala (IC203772), Karakozhivalan (IC203821),Sonebhale (IC248325), Karimundakan (IC264691),Allikannan (IC324743), Swarnavalan (IC280821),Kuthalam (IC280822) and Mulaki (IC280823).

19.2.2 Brinjal (Solanum melongena): Seventy-twoaccessions of brinjal were raised in ABD along withtwo check varieties for screening against bacterial wiltand shoot and fruit borer attack. Thirteen accessions -


EC304983-1, EC316227, EC379244, IC089888,IC090931, IC112830, IC333527, IC345747, IC354140,IC354707, IC383195, IC545919 and NIC023962 werefound to be field tolerant to both the pests.

Fig 19.7. Fruit variability in snake gourd includingcollections from the North-East India

Fig 19.8. Fruit variability in ivy gourd

19.2.3 Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata): Twenty-twocollections along with three checks (Ambili, ArkaChandan and Saras) were evaluated for fruit characters.SKY/AC-271 retained green colour of rind even aftermaturity, contrary to brown rind colour in all othercollections. It had deep orange flesh and average singlefruit weight nearing 3.0 kg.

19.2.4 Snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina):Sixteen samples collected from north-eastern regionwere characterised for fruit characters. Fruits were shortand length ranged between 16-40 cm and single fruitweight from 100-250 g. Fruit colour was either whitemottled or olive green with white stripes. All the 16collections were highly susceptible to Leaf curl virusdisease.

19.2.5 Ivy gourd (Coccinia indica): Thirteencollections were established and 10 were characterised

for fruit characters. Fruit length varied from 5.5 to 10.0cm at vegetable stage and single fruit weight from 9.0to 23.6 g. JPM/14-09 (IC612310) was the best yielderwith an average single fruit weight of 9.8 g and fruitlength of 6.0 cm, giving a fruit yield of 15.78 kg/plantduring one season.

19.2.6 Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp.sesquipedalis): Forty accessions of vegetable cowpeacollected from NEH region were characterised for fivequalitative and six quantitative characters. Widevariability was observed in length and colour of pod.Pod length varied from 12.0 to 53.6 cm. Severe virusinfection was noticed in the crop. Collection numbersMTYLB-32, MTYLB-33 and KP/SC 1575 were freefrom Cowpea mosaic virus.

19.2.7 Wild bitter gourd (Momordica charantia var.muricata): Sixty-one collections were regenerated andfurther a new set of 19 collections was multiplied.Compared to check variety Pusa Purvi, IC582411 wasprolific bearer with an average single fruit weight of16.0 g. Regeneration of difficult-to-adopt wild specieslike Momordica balsamina (4 collections), M.subangulata subsp. subangulata (1), M. subangulatasubsp. renigera (1), Abelmoschus tuberculatus (14),A. crinitus (1) and A. ficulneus (1) was done in pots inrain-proof green house.

19.2.8 Sweet gourd (Momordica cochinchinensis):One collection (JB/11-225) from Tripura was successfullyregenerated and more than 250 seeds were producedthrough sib-mating. Six collections were maintained inthe field and in MTS.

19.2.9 Trichosanthes cucumerina: Fifteen accessionsof Trichosanthes cucumerina, an important medicinalplant and crop wild relative, were raised during Kharif2015 for characterisation and seed multiplication. Theseaccessions were characterised for 19 qualitative andsix quantitative traits. The range for days to 50%flowering was 44-47 days, fruit length 4.9-7.8 cm andfruit width 1.6-2.82 cm.

19.2.10 Abelmoschus synthetic hybrids: Sevensynthetic amphidiploids of okra were evaluated forperennation, drought tolerance and YVMV resistance.Hybrids of okra with Abelmoschus tetraphyllus var.tetraphyllus, A. mizoramensis (yet to be validlypublished) and that of A. caillei x A. angulosus var.grandiflorus, A. caillei x A. mizoramensis sp. novawere found to have high level of drought tolerance and


perennation tendency with heavy branching andcontinued flowering and fruiting three months beyondsenescence of okra (control). Few spineless fruits wereselected for advancing. A. caillei x A. angulosus var.grandiflorus, was the best for drought tolerance andperennating behaviour. All derivatives with A.mizoramensis and A. angulosus showed tolerance toYVMV.

19.2.11 Poly-embryonic mango (Mangifera indica):Procured a local landrace named “Kuttiyattoor Manga/Nambiar manga” as graft as well as seedlings.

19.2.12 Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus): Threeelite lines of jackfruit namely VakathanamVarikka,Pathamuttam Varikka and Odakkali Varikka wereestablished as graft and maintained in the field genebank.

19.2.13 Chinese prickly ash pepper (Zanthoxylumrhetse): Fresh seeds of Zanthoxylum rhetse were foundto exhibit 20 per cent germination. However, theseedlings were highly susceptible to collar rot. The seedmaturity period is in mid-January and is recalcitrant.

19.2.14 Exotic fruits: Seedlings of two collections eachof mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), Rambutan(Nephelium lappaceum), soursop (Annona muricata),one each of pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake),boraba (Garcinia intermedia) and durian (Duriozibethinus) were collected from high yielding trees.

19.3 Taxonomical/ Morphological Studies

19.3.1 Cucumis: Taxonomy of wild Cucumis speciesof North-East origin was resolved. The more commonwild edible Cucumis locally known as ‘arphagma’ inMizoram is C. hystrix and the rare taxon having re-curved calyx lobes and fruits studded with hyaline tip

Table 19.1. Okra synthetic hybrids with prolonged flowering and fruiting period

Hybrid combination Days to 1st flowering YVMV symptoms/ resistance

Hybrids with OkraIC412987 x A.angulosus var. grandiflorus 84 No visual expressionIC260039 x A. tetraphyllus var. nova (Dehradun) 89 Yellowing at later stageIC265626 x A. caillei 47 SusceptibleIC265648 x A. caillei 81 Field resistanceIC265660 x A. mizoramensis (sp. nova) 69 Field resistanceIC260106 x A. mizoramensis (sp. nova) 65 Field resistanceIC536721 x A. tetraphyllus (var. nova) 69 Susceptible at later stage but continued fruitingIC536715 x A. tetraphyllus var. tetraphyllus 69 Tolerant

Hybrids with A. cailleiEC306741 x A. angulosus var. grandiflorus 81 TolerantEC306741 x A. mizoramensis (sp. nova) 65 Tolerant

aculei is C. muriculatus. The latter is bitter but highlyadapted to tropical humid climate. It is a new distributionrecord for India.

Fig 19.9. Yard-long beanMTYLB-32 - free of Cowpea

mosaic virus

Fig 19.10. CF2 progeny ofcross A. esculentus x A.

mizoramensis havingmore than 25 fruits/plant

Fig 19.11. CF2 progeny of cross A. esculentus x A.angulosus showing field resistance to YVMV with

susceptible okra varieties (foreground)


19.3.2 Momordica: A variant population of Momordicasahyadrica occurring in Anamalai hill ranges of WesternGhats with niche specificity and narrow endemism wasstudied and is being described as a new taxonMomordica sahyadrica subsp. anamalayana (yet tobe validly published).

19.3.3 Garcinia: Seedlings of seashore mangosteen(Garcinia hombroniana) are often sold as mangosteenby nurseries leading to loss of income to farmers since

Table 19.2. Key to distinguish between mangosteen and seashore mangosteen

Mangosteen (G. mangostana) Seashore mangosteen (G. hombroniana)

Copper coloured young leaves Yellowish green young leavesBrown tender stem, brownish green young leaves Green stem bark and leavesSpaced venation, embossed veins on lower side Closed venation, less projected veins on lower side laminaCut ends without white latex, turning brownish White latex, gum transparent and blueBrown, cricket ball sized fruits Small arecanut sized fruits, scarlet red rindSlow growth Fast growth

Fig 19.12. Chop Chopa (Garcinia kydia)

Fig 19.13. Sweet gourd/ Gac (Momordicacochinchinensis): on-farm conservation

in farmer’s field

usually detectable at bearing stage. Seedling morphologyof G. mangostana and G. hombroniana was studiedand a farmer friendly morphological key to distinguishtrue mangosteen from seashore mangosteen wasdeveloped (Table 19.2).


A total of 10,886 accessions of germplasm comprising92 crops, other economic species and wild relativesbelonging to 291 species in 55 genera are beingmaintained in the FGB/MTS.

For long term storage, 213 collections of germplasm weredeposited by this station at NGB. In all, five accessionsconsisting one each of Artocarpus gomezianus subsp.lakoocha, Garcinia hombroniana, Gmelina arborea,Psidium guineense and Rauvolfia tetraphylla weresent for cryo-preservation at TCCU, NBPGR, NewDelhi.

19.5 Germplasm Supplied

A total of 55 voucher samples including Capsicum (9),Lagenaria (1), Luffa (3), Solanum (26) and Vigna (16)were sent to ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru (Collaborator) forestablishment, regeneration and seed multiplication.Under MTA, 656 accessions of germplasm of variouscrops/ species were supplied to 13 institutions.

19.6 Popularizing Potential New EconomicPlants and In Situ On-Farm Conservation

19.6.1 Chop Chopa (Garcinia kydia): Garciniakydia was found to be a good monsoon season fruitcomparable to mangosteen. Being a native of AndamanIslands, unlike mangosteen, it does not have exactingsoil and water requirements and is adaptable to a widerange of soils. Fruits are small (20-25 g) developing inclusters on woody branches, green turning into yellowand without groves outside. The pulp is sweet and juicywith about 18% TSS and rind with 8.9% Hydroxycitricacid. Dried rind can be used in a similar way as G.


cambogia (Malabar tamarind) for seasoning curries.Harvested ripe fruits can be stored up to four days atroom temperature and up to eight days underrefrigeration. Efforts are on to popularise it as a fruittree in homesteads.

19.6.2 Sweet gourd/ Gac (Momordica co-chinchinensis): Momordica cochinchinensis waspopularised among farmers as a nutritional vegetablefor homestead cultivation. Over 200 seedlings weredistributed to progressive farmers and feedback wasreceived regarding establishment and spread of the crop.About one hundred seedlings were distributed among‘Malayarayan’ tribe in Peechi-Vazhani WildlifeSanctuary as part of the Station’s initiative on ensuringnutritional security of tribal homesteads.


PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.00: Augmentation, characterisation, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of plant genetic resources in southern India including Goa and Andaman & NicobarIslands (Joseph John K)


PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of field crops and their wild relatives [M Latha; M Abdul Nizar(w.e.f 27.01.2015), A Suma, S Mani and A Indiradevi]

PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of tropical vegetable, fruit and tuber crops and their wild relatives[Joseph John K; M Latha, M Abdul Nizar (w.e.f 27.01.2015), A Suma, S Mani, R Asokan Nair and A Indiradevi]

PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.03: Augmentation, characterisation, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation,documentation and distribution of genetic resources of spices and their wild relatives, medicinal and other economicplants [M Abdul Nizar (w.e.f 27.01.2015), M Latha, A Suma, S Mani, R Asokan Nair and A Indiradevi]

Externally Funded Project

049-NOVODB-TSR-ZA-08: NOVOD Board Project on multiplication, conservation and biochemical profiling of kokum(Garcinia indica), a potential source of edible oil, found in Southern Western Ghats (M Latha till 31.03.2015).

19.6.3 Spine gourd (Momordica dioica): Onceprevalent and now extinct in the wild, it was rehabilitated.The farmers were briefed on its organic cultivation inhome-gardens, uses as vegetable and health food,ecosystem value, pollinators and disbursal agents innature. One hundred seedlings were distributed todesiring farmers across Kerala for on-farm cultivationof this nearly extinct wild vegetable.

19.6.4 Small millets: Seventy-six accessions of smallmillets comprising little millet (Panicum sumatrense),finger millet (Eleusine coracana), foxtail millet (Setariaitalica) and proso millet (P. miliaceum) collected fromMaharashtra and Tamil Nadu were grown for initialevaluation and for popularising among tribal communitiesfor ensuring food and nutritional security.

141TRAININGS AND CAPACITY BUILDING


20.1 Workshops/ Group Meetings/ Trainings organised during 2015

S.No. Title of Programme Duration Venue

1. International Conference on Low Temperature April 27-30 ICAR-NBPGR, New DelhiScience and Biotechnological Advances

2. Short Course on Crop Wild Relatives: Identification, August 19-28 ICAR-NBPGR, New DelhiCollecting and Utilization

3. Training Programme and Workshop on Basil September 4 ICAR- NBPGR, Bhowali4. Workshop on CRP on Agro-biodiversity October 14 ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi5. Training Workshops on Strengthening Capacities October 26-27 RTI, NACEN, Faridabad

of Enforcement Agencies for Customs Officials November 16-17 RTI, NACEN, ChennaiUnder UNEP-GEF Supported Phase-II Capacity November 19-20 RTI, NACEN, MumbaiBuilding Project on Biosafety November 26-27 RTI, NACEN, Kolkata

6. Training Workshops on Strengthening Capacities December 8-10 ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhiof Enforcement Agencies for Plant Quarantine under December 16-18UNEP-GEF Supported Phase-II Capacity BuildingProject on Biosafety

7. International Training Programme on DNA-Based November 30- ICAR-NBPGR, New DelhiGenetically Modified Organism (GMO) Detection for December 12Seed Testing and Certification

20.1.1 Short Course on Crop Wild Relatives

Faculty and participants of the Short Course on CWR

A short course entitled ‘Crop Wild Relatives (CWR):Identification, Collecting and Utilization’ was organizedat ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi from August 19-28, 2015.It was attended by 17 participants drawn from sixdisciplines (Economic Botany, Genetics, Fruit Science,Floriculture, Plant Breeding, Seed Technology)representing 12 ICAR institutes and five SAUs from 12states of India. A total of 28 lectures and practical wereconducted. All aspects of PGR management(systematics, survey, collecting, characterization,evaluation, conservation, documentation, utilization) in

relation to CWR were covered. Trainees were givenfield experience on on-spot identification and germplasmcollecting of CWR.

20.1.2 Training Programme and Workshop on Basil

One day training programme and workshop wasconducted at ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Bhowali, onSeptember 4, 2015, sponsored by Integrated Eco-Development Research Project (IERP), G.B. PantInstitute of Himalayan Environment and Development(GBPIHED) Kosi-Katarmal, Almora. Lectures ondifferent aspects on basil included Indigenous TraditionalKnowledge (ITK), ethnobotany, agro-techniques,

Workshop participants in basil field


industrial importance, extraction of essential oil/phytochemicals, pharmaceutical uses, marketing,economic uses, utilization, etc. The event was attendedby 60 farmers from different parts of Uttaranchalincluding non-governmental organizations and self-helpgroups.

20.1.3 International Training on DNA-based GMOdetection

An international training programme on ‘DNA-basedGenetically Modified Organisms (GMO) Detection forSeed Testing and Certification’ for a delegation of eightofficials from the Government of Nepal, was organizedat ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi from November 30 toDecember 12, 2015, sponsored by International FoodPolicy Research Institute (IFPRI). The programmeprimarily aimed to benefit the interest of Nepal. Itcovered current scenario, recent national andinternational developments in the area of GM crops,evolution of regulatory regimes, risk assessment andmanagement strategies associated with biosafety issuesand post-release monitoring.

The training programme had gracious presence ofexperts and policy makers, including Dr SR Rao, Advisor,Department of Biotechnology & Member Secretary,Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation; DrManoranjan Hota, Director, Ministry of Environment,Forests and Climate Change; Dr Vibha Ahuja, Chief

General Manager, Biotech Consortium India Limited;Dr AK Singh, Head, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IndianAgricultural Research Institute; experts fromISO17025:2005 accredited GMO testing laboratories andNational Accreditation Board for Testing and CalibrationLaboratories, as well as experts and faculty from ICAR-NBPGR. The programme included 17 expert talks andfour panel discussions on emerging issues ofmanagement of plant genetic resources, issues in areaof GMO detection, ISO accreditation of seed testinglaboratories, biosafety issues pertaining to GM crops andrelated IPR issues. In the valedictory function, Dr JSChauhan, Assistant Director General (Seeds), ICAR,distributed the certificates to participants in presence ofDr KC Bansal, Course Director, Dr GurinderjitRandhawa, Course Coordinator and Dr Anjani Kumarfrom IFPRI.

International Conference on Low Temperature Science and Biotechnological Advances

An International Conference on ‘Low Temperature Science andBiotechnological Advances’ was organized by ICAR-NBPGR, NewDelhi, from April 27-30, 2015 at the National Agricultural ScienceCentre (NASC), New Delhi. This was held in collaboration withNational Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), India, Societyfor Low Temperature Biology (SLTB), United Kingdom (UK) andRoyal Botanic Gardens (RBG), Kew, UK. The event focused on lowand ultra-low temperature biobanking of genetic resources,especially using cryopreservation. In his inaugural address DrAyyappan, Secretary, DARE & DG, ICAR said that the conferencewas an unique opportunity to bring together research leaders ofdiverse disciplines working in crops, veterinary, aquatic species,microbial biotechnology and medical sciences to assess the currentstatus and to formulate future plans on low temperature scienceand biotechnology in various countries. Dr Maurizio Lambardi fromNational Research Council of Italy, who is the immediate past chair

of SLTB, co-chaired the inaugural session. Prof RB Singh, immediate past president, NAAS and Dr JS Sandhu (DDG,Crop Science) gave their remarks as Guests of Honour. Prof Hugh Pritchard, Head, Seed Biology, RBG, Kew delivered theinaugural lecture entitled ‘Plant Cryopreservation: Scale, Scope and Hope’. Prof. Pritchard highlighted the importanceand need of seed banking through global partnership. Dr KC Bansal, Director, NBPGR and Organizing Secretary, extendeda warm welcome and thanked the delegates for their participation. The plenary session was chaired by Dr RS Paroda,Chairman, Trust for Advancement of Agricultural Sciences (TAAS), New Delhi. The conference was attended by 200delegates, including 25 international participants, who made 47 oral and 89 poster presentations.

Book of Abstracts being released during theinaugural session by Drs KC Bansal, JS

Sandhu, RB Singh, S Ayyappan, M Lambardi,H Pritchard and R Chaudhury (left to right)


20.1.4 Strengthening Capacities of EnforcementAgencies (Plant quarantine and CustomsOfficials) for Transboundary Movement of LMOsunder UNEP-GEF supported Phase II Project onCapacity Building on Biosafety (UNEP-GEF beingimplemented by MoEF& CC): Four training workshopseach of two days duration for the Customs Officialswere organized jointly by ICAR-NBPGR, NationalAcademy of Customs, Excise and Narcotics(NACEN) and MoEF& CC at NACEN, Faridabad(October 26-27, 2015); Regional Training Institute(RTI), NACEN, Chennai (November 16-17, 2015);RTI, NACEN, Mumbai (November 19-20, 2015) andRTI, NACEN, Kolkata (November 26-27, 2015). Atotal of 113 participants, which included DeputyCommissioners, Assistant Commissioners, AssistantDirectors, Superintendents, Inspectors and Appraisers

etc. from different parts of the country were trained inthese workshops.

Two training workshops each of three days duration forthe plant quarantine officials were organized jointly byICAR-NBPGR and MoEF & CC on December 8-10, 2015and December 16-18, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi.A total of 24 participants including plant protection officers,assistant plant protection officers and scientific assistantsfrom five Plant Quarantine Stations of Directorate of PlantProtection, Quarantine and Storage at New Delhi, Mumbai,Kolkata, Chennai and Amritsar were trained in theseworkshops.

The faculty included eminent scientists, policy makers andregulatory authorities from ICAR-NBPGR, ExportInspection Council, Punjab Biotechnology Incubator,MoEF& CC, DBT, Government of India and Biotech

Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for TransboundaryMovement of LMOs on October 26-27, 2015 at NACEN, Faridabad, Haryana

Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities ofEnforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for

Transboundary Movement of LMOs on November16-17, 2015 at NACEN, RTI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities ofEnforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for

Transboundary Movement of LMOs on November 26-27,2015 at RTI, NACEN, Kolkata, West Bengal


Consortium India Ltd. The course curriculum included:introduction to LMOs, national and internationalregulations, role of customs officials (specifically forcustoms officials), National Plant Quarantine System,

documentation requirements, GM crops/ eventsapproved in different countries, sampling procedures,detection strategies (molecular and serological) and useof Biosafety Clearing House (BCH).

Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for TransboundaryMovement of LMOs on November 19-20, 2015 at NACEN, RTI, Mumbai, Maharashtra

Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Plant Quarantine Officials) forTransboundary Movement of LMOs on December 8-10, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi

Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Plant Quarantine Officials) forTransboundary Movement of LMOs on December 16-18, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi


Workshop on CRP on Agro-biodiversity organised

There were several issues that needed clarifications aboutthe implementation of the CRP-AB with regard to the avail-ability of resources, both financial and manpower and workplan for 2015-16 and 2016-17. Therefore, as per the direc-tives from the Council a one-day workshop was organizedon October 14, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi under theChairmanship of Dr JS Sandhu, DDG (CS) and guidanceof Dr JS Chauhan, ADG (Seed). A total of 100 participantsfrom different Bureaux and Institutes participated in theworkshop and after the deliberations, work plan for 2015-16 and 2016-17 was finalized. There were several recom-mendations of the workshop which were compiled in theproceedings of the workshop and after the approval fromthe Council, the same were circulated to all the partnersfor the compliance

Workshop on CRP-AB organized at ICAR-NBPGR

20.2 Participation of Staff in Training Programmes

Name Title of Training Programme Place and period

Anjali Kak, Anju Jain, Deen Dayal, Dinesh Prasad, Internal Auditor’s Training on ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi,DP Semwal, Kamna Tandon, KD Joshi, ISO: 9001: 2008 January 20-22KK Gangopadhyay, K Pradheep, Madhu Bala,Mukesh Rana, Om Prakash, Pardeep Kumar,Prabal Das, Rajesh Kumar, Sandeep Kumar,Sandhya Gupta, Sangeeta Tanwar,Satyapal Singh, SP Singh, Vandana Tyagi

Ruchi Bansal Training Programme on Phenotyping UAS, Bengaluru, Karnataka,for Drought Adaptive Traits and Trait February 23-March 7Introgression through MolecularApproaches

Jameel Akhtar Online Course on Global Taxonomy New Delhi, March 2-April 28Initiative Training on DNA Barcodingunder CBD Organized by OntarioInstitute of Biodiversity, Universityof Guelph, Canada

Pardeep Kumar International Training on Quarantine National Institute of PlantPests: Detection and Identification Health Management,

Hyderabad, April 8-28

A Kandan Training on RNA-Interference as a ICAR-NRCPB, New Delhi,Tool for Plant Functional Genomics May 6-26and Crop Improvement

Gayacharan Summer School Training on Novel ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, UPGenomic Tools and Modern Breeding September 5-25Approaches for Enhancing Productivityand Nutritional Quality of Pulse Crops

Anitha Pedapati Training Programme on Intellectual ICAR-IARI, August 12-Property Rights in Agriculture September, 1

Dinesh Chand, GD Harish Short Course on Crop-Wild Relatives: ICAR-NBPGR , New Delhi,Identification, Collecting and Utilisation August 19-28

Monika Singh, Sushmita Training on Detection of Living Punjab BiotechnologyModified Organisms (LMOs) Incubator, Mohali, Punjab,

October 26-31


Kavita Gupta, Shashi Bhalla, V Celia Chalam Training Workshop on Risk New Delhi, November 2-4Communication under UNEP-GEFSupported Phase-II Capacity BuildingProject on Biosafety

Om Vir Singh Training on Management Development ICAR-NAARM,Program on Leadership Development Hyderabad, November 28-

December 11

Rekha Chaudhury Training Programme on Augmentation TERI, New Delhi,of Technical Competence in NE India December 9for Large Scale Propagation ofDisease-Free Tissue Culture Plants

SP Singh Competency Enhancement Programme ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad,for Technical Officers of ICAR December 14-23

147GENERAL INFORMATION


Director ICAR-NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110012 Chairman

Assistant Director General (Seed), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), MemberKrishi Bhawan, New Delhi - 110001

Development Commissioner (Rural), Delhi Government, 5/9 Under Hill Road, Delhi - 110054 Member

Director (Agriculture), Department of Agriculture, Pant Krishi Bhawan, Jaipur-302005, Rajasthan Member

Head, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member

The Comptroller, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Dr OP Yadav, Project Director, ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Dr Pratap Birthal, Principal Scientist, ICAR-National Centre for Agricultural Economics andPolicy Research, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Dr AK Singh, Head, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Dr Rajendra Prasad, Professor (Agricultural Statistics), ICAR-IASRI, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Senior Admn. Officer, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi - 110012 MemberSecretary

21.2 Research Advisory Committee (RAC)

Dr Tej Pratap, Vice-Chancellor, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Chairman

Technology, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir

Dr S Edison, Former Director, ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala Member

Dr JP Khurana, Professor of Plant Molecular Biology, Delhi University, Delhi Member

Dr JS Chauhan, Assistant Director General (Seed), ICAR, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Dr AK Singh, Professor, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Dr KS Ravi, Lead-Vegatable Research Centre, Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Co. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka Member

Dr KC Bansal, Director, ICAR-NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110012 Member

Dr KV Bhat, Principal Scientist & I/C DGR, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi - 110012 MemberSecretary

The XVII meeting of the Research Advisory Committee(RAC) of ICAR-NBPGR was held on July 7, 2015 atNew Delhi under the Chairmanship of Dr Tej Pratap,Vice-Chancellor, Sher-e-Kashmir University ofAgricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar. OtherRAC members included Dr S Edison, Dr SushamaChaphalkar, Dr KS Ravi, Dr JS Chauhan, Dr KC Bansal(Director, ICAR-NBPGR) and Dr KV Bhat (MemberSecretary). All the HODs/OICs from Headquarters andregional stations presented the salient achievements anddiscussions were held on constraints and emergingissues.

21.3 Institute Research Council (IRC)

Chairman - Director, ICAR-NBPGR

Member Secretary - Dr V Celia Chalam

The 26th Institute Research Council (IRC) meeting fromJuly 8-9, 2015, was held under the Chairmanship of DrKC Bansal, Director, ICAR-NBPGR. Dr JS Chauhan,ADG (Seed) & Member, RAC was a special invitee.The progress report of 88 institute projects operationalat Headquarters and Regional Stations were presentedby the Principal Investigators of the respective projectsand OICs/ Scientists of the respective Regional Stations.Presentations were made by HoDs of Divisions and OICsof Units/Regional Stations followed by the PIs of therespective projects. Important thrust areas requiringefforts were identified: (i) Consortium ResearchPlatform on Agro-biodiversity (ii) Modernization ofNational Genebank (iii) Identification of new crops forfood and agriculture (iv) Identification of premiumgermplasm for popularisation among farmers directly (v)identification of specific areas for in situ/on-farm

21.1 Institute Management Committee (IMC)


conservation of landraces and crop wild relatives (vi)Evaluating germplasm from the perspective of nutritionalsecurity and the natural resource-use efficiency (vii)Popularizing unique/elite/potential germplasminstantaneously for use by breeders.

21.4 Institute Joint Staff Council (IJSC)

Chairman- Director, ICAR-NBPGR

Members Staff Side1. Shri Subhash Chander Sharma, Secretary (Staff Side)2. Shri Mahesh Ram, SSS, GED (Member CJSC)3. Shri Braham Prakash, Sr. Tech Asstt.4. Shri Diksha Gautam, Sr. Tech. Asstt., TCCU5. Shri Yogesh Kumar Gupta, Asstt.6. Shri Yatish Chandra, SSS, GED

Members Office Side1. Dr SK Malik Principal Scientist, Secretary (Office Side)2. Dr JC Rana, Head, GED3. Dr TV Prasad, Senior Scientist, GED4. Dr Sherry R Jacob, Scientist, GCD5. Shri Vivek Purwar, Sr. Admn. Officer6. Shri DS Bisht, Sr. F&AO

21.5 Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation(PME) Cell

PME Cell at NBPGR was constituted in March 2012through National Agricultural Innovation Project(NAIP).

Constitution of Cell

Dr Shashi Bhalla Officer-incharge

Ms Madhu Bala Priyadarshi Co-Nodal Officer

Dr IS Bisht Member

Dr Vandana Tyagi Member & Co-NodalOfficer RFD

Dr TV Prasad Member, HRD NodalOfficer

Mr KD Joshi Technical Officer

As per the NAIP guidelines, PME Cell is involved inthe major activities related to coordination andsynthesization of recommendations of variousinstitutional committees. The achievements made duringthe period under report are as follows:

• Coordination and synthesis of the recommendationsof IRC and RAC. Preparation of the report forpriority setting based on the recommendations ofIRC, RAC and QRT.

• Coordination and synthesis of the RFD documentof the Institute i.e. achievements for the period 2014-

15 and targets for the period 2015-16 for submissionto ICAR.

• Coordinating all scientific activities of HQs andRegional Stations (processing project proposals,manuscripts/ abstracts; training/ fellowship proposalsetc. for approval as per the ICAR Guidelines).Processed 18 project proposals (for submission toexternal funding agencies), 52 abstracts forsubmission for international conferences/symposiums) and 35 manuscripts for submission forpublication.

• Submission of regular information to the Council

- Submission of six-monthly reports on targets andachievements of Institute

- Half-yearly progress report of the scientists- Agenda items and ATR (on recommendations)

for Director’s conference and the RegionalCommittee meetings.

• Inputs provided on

- Parliament questions, audit paras, and any otherinformation as and when required to ICAR.

• Facilitated:

- Publication of VISION 2050- Developing MoUs/ Bilateral Agreements with

national/ international agencies.- Signing of contracts for two UNEP-GEF

Projects

• Assisted Director for coordinating various activities:

- Providing monthly information on variousimportant activities of the PGR management andstatus report.

- HRD plan of various Divisions and Regionalstations for the XII plan

- Visits of international delegates to NBPGR

MIS FMS at NBPGR: Provided Support for itsimplementation and smooth running viz., creating RPP-I of new projects for generating project code and schemecode, submission of RPP2 and RPP3; traininginformation applying leaves, indent raising; informationrelated to transfer and joining of employees.

HRD Activities

� Annual Training Plan (ATP) of Scientists andTechnical staff within India for the year 2015-16and 2016-17 has been prepared based on the trainingneeds assessment and submitted to the Council


� Skill deficient areas for training of scientists,technical staff and administrative staff of theInstitute have been identified and submitted to theCouncil

KRISHI Portal: KRISHI-Knowledge basedResources Information Systems Hub for Innovations inAgriculture, is an initiative of Indian Councilof Agricultural Research (ICAR) to bring its knowledgeresources to all stakeholders at one place. The portal isbeing developed as a centralized data repository systemof ICAR consisting of technologies, data generatedthrough experiments/ surveys/ observationalstudies, geo-spatial data, publications, learning resourcesetc. Since its inception in March 2015, preliminaryinformation on data types and its availability is collectedand efforts have been put for digitization of historicaldata where available.

Management of databases

• ICAR

- Regular updating of Project InformationManagement System (PIMS)

- Information w.r.t. all the projects at HQs andRegional Stations i.e. both institute (87) andexternally funded projects was updated.

- Updating of Half-yearly progress monitoring ofthe scientists (HYPM)

The half yearly progress (both targets andachievements) w. r. t. 112 scientists (both at HQsand Regional Stations) was monitored.

Decision Support System for PME Cell

Decision support system for PME cell was updated withinformation of projects, publications, proceedings etc. Itis presently providing detailed and query basedinformation of projects (externally funded and in-house).Information regarding annual report, ICAR Guidelines,and proceedings of IRC, RAC and Director’ Conferencehave been uploaded. http://202.141.12.147/pme/homepage.aspx

Web page of Externally Funded Project Summary

Web page of externally funded report summarizesinformation about, number of projects, funding agencies,budget and PIs of projects. Data for this decision supportsystem is stored in SQL Server 2008.

Decision Support System of PME Cell

Web page of Data retrieval for In-House Projectand information of Scientist and Projects

Web form for getting information related to particularscientist and his projects provides project information ofparticular scientist in terms of PI or Co-PI.

Data retrieval for In-house Projects and Projects


21.6 Personnel

(i) Scientific Staff in position on 31.12.2015

S.No. Name Designation Discipline

1. Dr KC Bansal Director Plant Physiology

Division of Germplasm Evaluation

2. Dr JC Rana Principal Scientist & Head Plant Breeding

3. Dr Ashok Kumar Principal Scientist Plant Breeding

4. Dr KK Gangopadhyay Principal Scientist Horticulture

5. Dr Archana Raina Principal Scientist Plant Biochemistry

6. Mr NK Gautam Scientist (Selection Grade) Economic Botany

7. Dr TV Prasad Senior Scientist Agricultural Entomology

8. Dr Rakesh Bhardwaj Senior Scientist Biochemistry

9. Dr Sandeep Kumar Senior Scientist Biochemistry

10. Dr Rakesh Srivastava Senior Scientist Horticulture

11. Dr Jyoti Kumari Senior Scientist Plant Breeding

12. Dr Rashmi Yadav Senior Scientist Agronomy

13. Dr Vikender Kaur Scientist Economic Botany

14. Dr Gayacharan Scientist Biotechnology

15. Dr Ruchi Bansal Scientist Plant Physiology

Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection

16. Dr SP Ahlawat Principal Scientist & Head Genetics and Plant Breeding

17. Dr Anjula Pandey Principal Scientist Economic Botany

18. Dr KC Bhatt Principal Scientist Economic Botany

19. Dr K Pradheep Senior Scientist Economic Botany

20. Dr DP Semwal Senior Scientist Economic Botany

21. Shri Soyimchiten Scientist Horticulture

Division of Germplasm Conservation

22. Dr RK Tyagi Principal Scientist & Head Economic Bolany

23. Dr Kalyani Srinivasan Principal Scientist Plant Physiology

24. Dr Veena Gupta Principal Scientist Economic Botany

25. Dr Neeta Singh Principal Scientist Plant Physiology

26. Dr J Radhamani Principal Scientist Plant Physiology

27. Dr Anjali Kak Koul Principal Scientist Economic Botany

28. Dr Chitra Pandey Senior Scientist Seed Technology

29. Dr Sushil Pandey Senior Scientist Seed Technology

30. Dr Sherry Rachel Jacob Scientist Seed Technology

31. Dr J Aravind Scientist Plant Genetics

Division of Plant Quarantine

32. Dr SC Dubey Principal Scientist & Head Plant Pathology

33. Dr Baleshwar Singh Principal Scientist Plant Pathology

34. Dr Shashi Bhalla Principal Scientist Agricultural Entomology

35. Dr DB Parakh Principal Scientist Plant Pathology

36. Dr V Celia Chalam Principal Scientist Plant Pathology

37. Dr Kavita Gupta Principal Scientist Agricultural Entomology

38. Dr Mool Chand Singh Principal Scientist Agronomy


39. Dr Surendra Pal Singh Senior Scientist Agricultural Entomology

40. Dr Zakaullah Khan Senior Scientist Nematology

41. Dr Jameel Akhtar Senior Scientist Plant Pathology

42. Dr Aravindaram Kandan Senior Scientist Plant Pathology

43. Dr Bharat Hanumanta Gawade Scientist Nematology

44. Dr Pardeep Kumar Scientist Biotechnology

Germplasm Exchange Unit

45. Dr Pratibha Brahmi Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

46. Dr Vandana Tyagi Principal Scientist Economic Botany

47. Dr SK Yadav Principal Scientist Horticulture

48. Dr Anitha Pedapati Scientist Horticulture

Policy Planning Unit

49. Dr Pratibha Brahmi Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

Tissue Culture & Cryopreservation Unit

50. Dr Rekha Chaudhury Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

51. Dr Ruchira Pandey Principal Scientist Economic Botany

52. Dr Neelam Sharma Principal Scientist Economic Botany

53. Dr Anuradha Agarwal Principal Scientist Economic Botany

54. Dr Sandhya Gupta Principal Scientist Economic Botany

55. Dr SK Malik Principal Scientist Economic Botany

56. Dr Anju Jain Senior Scientist Economic Botany

57. Dr Vartika Srivastava Scientist Fruit Sciences

Division of Genomic Resources

58. Dr KV Bhat Principal Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding

59. Dr Gurinderjit Randhawa Principal Scientist Plant Physiology

60. Dr MC Yadav Principal Scientist Genetics/Cytogenetics

61. Dr Soma Sundar Marla Principal Scientist Biotechnology

62. Dr Mukesh Kumar Rana Principal Scientist Plant Breeding

63. Dr Ambika Baldev Principal Scientist Biotechnology

64. Dr Rakesh Singh Principal Scientist Biotechnology

65. Dr Lalit Arya Senior Scientist Biochemistry

66. Dr Manjusha Verma Senior Scientist Biochemistry

67. Dr Sundeep Kumar Senior Scientist Biotechnology

68. Dr Tapan Kumar Mondal Senior Scientist Biotechnology

69. Dr Amit Kumar Singh Scientist Biotechnology

70. Dr R Parimalan (on study leave) Scientist (Senior Scale) Biotechnology

71. Dr Chet Ram Scientist Biotechnology

72. Dr Yasin Jeshima Khan Scientist Genetics/ Cytogenetics

73. Dr S Rajkumar Scientist Genetics/ Cytogenetics

74. Dr Rajesh Kumar Scientist Plant Biotechnology

75. Dr Monika Singh Scientist Agricultural Biotechnology

76. Ms Sheel Yadav Scientist Biotechnology (Plant Science)

77. Dr DP Wankhede Scientist Plant Genetics

78. Ms Sushmita Scientist Plant Physiology

AKMU

79. Dr Sunil Archak National Fellow Biotechnology


80. Dr Shashi Bhalla Principal Scientist and OIC Agricultural Entomology

81. Ms Madhubala Priyadarshini Scientist (Senior Scale) Computer Applications in Agriculture

AICRN-PC

82. Dr BS Phogat Principal Scientist and Agronomy

Network Coordinator

83. Dr Hanuman Lal Raiger Principal Scientist Agricultural Statistics

Regional Station, Akola

84. Dr Nilamani Dikshit Senior Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

85. Dr Dinesh Chand Senior Scientist Economic Botany and PGR

Regional Station, Bhowali

86. Dr SK Verma Principal Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding

87. Dr IS Bisht Principal Scientist Plant Pathology

88. Dr KS Negi Principal Scientist Economic Botany

Base Centre, Cuttack

89. Dr Dipti Ranjan Pani Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

90. Dr RC Misra Senior Scientist Economic Botany

Regional Station, Jodhpur

91. Dr Omvir Singh Principal Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding

92. Dr AK Singh Senior Scientist Economic Botany

Regional Station, Hyderabad

93. Dr B Sarath Babu Principal Scientist & OIC Agricultural Entomology

94. Dr SK Chakrabarty Principal Scientist Plant Pathology

95. Dr SR Pandrawada Principal Scientist Economic Botany

96. Dr Kamala Venkateshwaran Principal Scientist Economic Botany

97. Dr Natarajan Sivaraj Principal Scientist Economic Botany

98. Dr Anitha Kodaru Principal Scientist Plant Pathology

99. Dr K Rameash Senior Scientist Agricultural Entomology

100. Ms P Pranusha (on study leave) Scientist Plant Physiology

7, Ranchi

101. Dr RS Rathi Senior Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

102. Shri Santosh Kumar Bishnoi Scientist Genetics

(on study leave)

Regional Station, Shillong

103. Dr AK Misra Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

104. Dr Somnath Roy Scientist Plant Breeding

105. Dr Harish GD Scientist Genetics and Plant Breeding

Regional Station, Shimla

106. Dr Mohar Singh Senior Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding

Regional Station, Srinagar (J & K)

107. Dr Sheikh Mohd. Sultan Senior Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

Regional Station, Thrissur

108. Dr Joseph John K Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany

109. Dr M Latha Principal Scientist Plant Breeding

110. Dr Abdul Nizar Senior Scientist Economic Botany

111. Ms Suma A (on study leave) Scientist Economic Botany


ii) Technical Staff at ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters and its Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015)

S.no. Name Designation Div/Unit/Stn.

ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters at New Delhi

1. Shri Rajiv Gambhir Assistant Chief Technical Officer AKMU2. Shri Vijay Kumar Mandal Technical Assistant AKMU3. Shri Dinesh Kumar Pokhriyal Senior Technician DGR4. Shri Rohtash Singh Senior Technician DGR5. Shri Dikshant Gautam Technical Officer DGR6. Shri Rajiv Mathur Assistant Chief Technical Officer Director Tech. Cell7. Shri Abhay Sharma Technical Officer Director Tech. Cell8. Shri Arun Kumar Sharma Senior Technical Assistant Director Tech. Cell9. Dr Narendra Singh Panwar Assistant Chief Technical Officer PEGC10. Shri Rakesh Singh Assistant Chief Technical Officer PEGC11. Shri Rita Gupta Senior Technical Officer PEGC12. Shri Om Prakash Dhariwal Senior Technical Assistant PEGC13. Shri Shashi Kant Sharma Senior Technical Assistant PEGC14. Shri BP Dahiya Chief Technical Officer GCD15. Shri Rajvir Singh Assistant Chief Technical Officer GCD16. Shri Axma Dutt Sharma Assistant Chief Technical Officer GCD17. Smt Rita Rani Senior Technical Officer GCD18. Shri Ram Singh Senior Technical Officer GCD19. Smt Smita Lenka Jain Senior Technical Officer GCD20. Shri Satya Prakash Technical Officer GCD21. Smt Nirmala Dabral, DEO Senior Technical Assistant GCD22. Shri Lal Singh Senior Technical Assistant, Electrician GCD23. Miss Poonam Suneja Assistant Chief Technical Officer GED24. Shri Bharat Lal Meena Senior Technical Officer GED25. Shri Babu Ram Senior Technical Officer GED26. Shri Bopal Singh Panwar Senior Technical Officer GED27. Shri YS Rathi Senior Technical Officer GED28. Shri Ombir Singh Ahlawat Technical Officer GED29. Shri Narendra Pal Technical Officer GED30. Shri Ram Kumar Sharma Technical Officer GED31. Shri Surender Singh Bhoj Senior Technician Assistant GED32. Shri Ram Nandan Senior Technician AICRN-PC33. Shri Satya Pal Singh Assistant Chief Technical Officer GEX34. Shri Surender Singh Ranga Assistant Chief Technical Officer GEX35. Shri Punam Chand Binda Senior Technical Assistant GEX36. Shri SK Ojha Senior Technician GEX37. Smt Sangeeta Tanwar Senior Technical Officer LIB.38. Shri Om Prakash Technical Officer LIB.39. Shri Ashok Kumar Maurya Assistant Chief Technical Officer PQD40. Shri Dharm Singh Meena Assistant Chief Technical Officer PQD41. Shri KD Joshi Senior Technical Officer PQD42. Shri Sunil Kumar Technical Assistant PQD43. Shri Naresh Kumar Senior Technician PQD44. Shri Ram Prasad Yadav Assistant Chief Technical Officer TCCU45. Shri Devendra Kumar Nerwal Senior Technical Officer TCCU46. Shri Anang Pal Senior Technical Officer TCCU47. Shri Ramesh Chandra Technical Officer TCCU48. Shri Dharam Pal Singh Meena Technical Officer TCCU49. Shri Dinesh Chand Mishra Senior Technical Assistant TCCU50. Shri Brahm Prakash, Driver Senior Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell51. Shri Wazir Singh, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell52. Shri Balwant Singh, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell53. Shri Khusvinder Kumar, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell54. Shri Ram Balak Rai, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell55. Shri Ravinder Kumar, Driver Senior Technician Vehicle Cell56. Shri Ranjit Singh, Driver Senior Technician Vehicle Cell57. Shri Gopal Singh, Driver Senior Technician Vehicle Cell


Regional Station, Akola58. Shri LT Dabekar Technical Assistant (Driver)

Regional Station, Bhowali59. Shri PS Mehta Senior Technical Officer60. Shri Ramit Joshi Senior Technical Assistant61. Shri Mohan Ram Senior Technical Assistant (Driver)

Regional Station, Hyderabad62. Shri Babu Abraham Assistant Chief Technical Officer63. Shri R Gunasekharan Technical Officer64. Shri M Venkataraman Reddy Senior Technician (Driver)65. Shri Mohd Abas Ali Khan Technical Assistant (Driver)

Regional Station, Jodhpur66. Shri Bhatta Ram Senior Technical Assistant67. Shri Gordhan Singh Senior Technical Assistant (Driver)

Base Centre, Ranchi68. Shri Ashok Kumar Gupta Senior Technical Officer69. Shri Narendra Ram Senior Technical Assistant (Driver)

Regional Station, Shillong70. Shri Sanjeev Kumar Singh Technical Officer

Regional Station, Shimla71. Shri Brij Pal Singh Senior Technical Officer72. Shri Ram Chander Senior Technician73. Shri Dayal Singh Senior Technician74. Shri Joginder Singh Technical Assistant

Regional Station, Thrissur75. Shri S Mani Senior Technical Officer76. Shri R Asokan Nair Senior Technical Officer77. Smt Indira Devi Technical Officer78. Shri EN Prabhakaran Senior Technician (Driver)

(iii) Administrative Staff at HQs and Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015)

Establishment Section

S.No. Name Designation

1. Shri Vivek Purwar Sr. AO2. Smt Poonam Batra PA3. Shri Din Dayal Asstt. Admn. Officer4. Smt Sangeeta Gambhir Assistant5. Smt Savitri Devi Assistant6. Smt Satvinder Kaur Assistant7. Shri Yogesh Kumar Assistant8. Shri KC Kundu Sr. Clerk9. Shri Arvind Kumar Sr. Clerk10. Shri Dev Kumar Sr. Clerk

Accounts Sections11. Smt Kamana Tandon AO12. Smt Yashoda Rani Assistant13. Shri Mahabir Singh Yadav Assistant14. Shri JK Singh Sr. Clerk15. Smt Madhu Chawla Assistant16. Shri Dinesh Sharma Assistant

Stores17. Shri Subhash Chander Asstt. Admn. Officer

Purchase18. Shri Dinesh Prasad Asstt. Admn. Officer19. Shri Sanjay Dangwal Sr. Clerk


(iv) Administrative staff at Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015)

Regional Station, Akola38. Shri Purushottam Dhoke Assistant39. Smt Smita D Karle LDC

Regional Station, Bhowali40. Shri Nandan Singh Patwal Asstt. Admn. Officer

Regional Station, Hyderabad41. Shri M Srinivasa Rao Assistant42. Smt Radha Rani Assistant43. Shri P Suleman Sr. Clerk

Regional Station, Jodhpur44. Smt Leela Sharma Assistant

Regional Station, Shillong45. Smt Lakshmilian Kharnary Sr. Clerk46. Smt Graciously Dkhar Private Secretary

Regional Station, Shimla47. Smt Pratibha Asstt. Admn. Officer

Regional Station, Thrissur48. Shri Bhadra Kumar S Asstt. Admn. Officer49. Shri Benny Mathew Sr. Clerk

ICAR50. Shri Surya Kant Private Secretary

Audit Section20. Shri DS Bisht Sr. F & AO21. Shri Anil Kumar Agarwal F & AO22. Shri VK Rai AF & AO23. Shri Avdhesh Kumar Asstt. Admn. Officer24. Smt Surinder Kaur Assistant25. Shri Surender Kumar Assistant26. Smt Bharti Sharma Assistant27. Smt Vijay Laxmi Sharma Assistant28. Shri Prabal Dasgupta Assistant

Pension & Records29. Smt Vijay Laxmi Gulati Asstt. Admn. Officer30. Smt Amrita Negi Assistant

Director’s Cell31. Smt Kanchan Khurana PA

Prof. PGR & GCD32. Shri Ganga Nand PS

Plant Quarantine Division33. Smt V Vijayalakshmi PA

Plant Expl. and Germ. Collecting Division34. Smt Urmila PAGermplasm Evaluation Division35. Smt Neelam Khatri PA

Hindi Unit36. Smt Archna Raghav AD (OL)

Security37. Shri Umesh Chandra Sati Security Officer


(v) Skilled Support Staff ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters (as on 31.12.2015)

S.No. Name

Director's Personnel Cell1. Shri Surender Kumar2. Shri Hari Chand PaswanDirector's Technical Cell3. Shri Om PrakashGermplasm Conservation Division4. Shri Basant Kumar5. Shri Sandesh Kumar6. Smt Laxmi Devi7. Shri Bhun Bhun ShahGermplasm Evaluation Division8. Shri Mahesh Ram9. Shri Ram Kishan10. Shri Kush Kumar11. Shri Braham Dev Paswan12. Shri Ram Kalit Rai13. Shri Rohtash14. Shri Yatish Chandra15. Smt Rukmani16. Shri Chandeshwar Rai (S/o Shri Gambhira Rai)17. Shri RajinderAICRN-PC18. Shri Mahadev MauryaGermplasm Exploration & Collection Division19. Smt Manju Devi20. Smt Sharda DeviPlant Quarantine Division21 Shri Suresh Chand Rai22. Shri Sat Narayan ThakurTCCU23. Smt Geeta Devi

S.No. Name

24. Shri Nand Kishore25. Shri Chandeshwar Rai (S/o Shri Mishri Rai)GEX Unit26. Shri Arun KumarDivision of Genomic Resources27. Smt Agya Devi28. Shri Ramesh ChandARIS Cell29. Shri Lalu RaiLibrary30. Shri Umesh KumarSr. AO Cell31. Shri T PokheralDespatch Section32. Shri Anant SwaroopAccounts Section33. Shri Sanjeev PaswanAudit Section34. Shri Sunil Kumar35. Shri Yogesh Kumar36. Shri Suresh RaiEstt. CDN37. Shri Roshan LalExperimental Farm, Issapur, New Delhi38. Shri Dharambir39. Shri Daya Nand40. Shri Bindeshwar Thakur41. Shri Dhir Singh42. Shri Mahabir Singh

(vi) Skilled Support Staff at ICAR-NBPGR Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015)

S.No. Name

Regional Station, Akola43. Shri SR Pacherwal44. Shri RC More45. Shri RP Barsse46. Shri Arun Diwakar Godlinga47. Shri MB NikoseRegional Station, Bhowali48. Shri Anand Kumar49. Shri Girish Chand Arya50. Smt Tulsi DeviBase Centre, Cuttack51. Shri Sarangdhar BarikRegional Station, Hyderabad52. Shri Mohd. Mazhar Pasha53. Shri M Shankar54. Shri E Satyanarayan55. Shri MB Keshwa Raju56. Shri M SrinivasRegional Station, Jodhpur57. Shri Sohan Singh58. Shri Dasharth Sing Rajpurohit

S.No. Name

Base Centre, Ranchi59. Shri Vijay KumarRegional Station, Shimla60. Shri Jagat Ram61. Shri Bhagwan Singh62. Shri Paras Ram63. Shri Girdhar Gopal64. Shri Rohit65. Shri Sukhdev66. Shri Dalip Singh67. Shri Inder SinghRegional Station, Shillong68. Shri DB Thapa69. Shri AK Deka70. Shri ARashidRegional Station, Thrissur71. Shri MK Prakassen72. Smt VK Rugmini73. Smt Anitha Komvalappil74. Smt EM Sumathy


21.7 Staff Reservations

Category Total number of Total number of Total number of Total number ofEmployees Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribe OBC Employees

(SC) Employees (ST) Employees

Scientist 109 08 1 11Technical 79 14 3 6Administrative 55 10 2 0Supporting 74 29 3 10

21.8 Staff Transferred/ Retired/ NewAppointments

21.8.1 Transfers

• Dr M Abdul Nizar, Senior Scientist, transferred fromICAR-NBPGR, RS, Akola to Thrissur w.e.f. January24, 2015.

• Dr Kutubuddin Ali Molla, Scientist, Division ofGenomic Resources transferred to Nation RiceResearch Institute, Cuttack w.e.f. May 2, 2015.

• Mr KC Kundu, Senior Clerk (P-II), transferredfrom ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi to ICAR-NBPGR,RS, Ranchi.

• Dr IS Bisht, Principal Scientist and Officer-in-Charge, Technical Cell, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhitransferred to ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Bhowali,Uttarakhand, w.e.f. August 1, 2015.

• Dr Nidhi Verma, Principal Scientist, GermplasmExchange Unit transferred to Agricultural EducationDivision w.e.f. August 22, 2015.

• Dr TP Singh, Senior Scientist, Germplasm EvaluationDivision transferred to ICAR-IARI, New Delhiw.e.f. August 27, 2015.

• Mr VK Rai, Assistant Finance and Accounts Officer,ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, transferred to Ncap,ICAR, New Delhi, w.e.f. September 1, 2015.

• Mr Sandeep Gaur, Assistant, ICAR-Directorate ofFloriculture, Pune, joined ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhiw.e.f. September 19, 2015.

• Dr (Ms) S Sheelamary, Scientist, Division ofGermplasm Evaluation, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi,transferred to ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute,Coimbatore, w.e.f. November 30, 2015.

• Dr CS Raghav, Assistant Chief Technical Officer,Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-NBPGR,New Delhi, transferred as Programme Coordinator,

to KVK, West Siang, Basar, Arunachal Pradeshw.e.f. December 17, 2015.

21.8.2 Retirements

• Mr HS Chauhan, Administrative Officer, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated on January 31,2015.

• Ms Kuljit Kaur, Assistant Administrative Officer,ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated onJanuary 31, 2015.

• Dr E Roshini Nayar, Principal Scientist, Division ofPlant Exploration and Germplasm Collection, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated on February28, 2015.

• Mr Prakash Chand, Senior Technical Assistant,ICAR-NBPGR RS, Shimla superannuated onFebruary 28, 2015.

• Mr Harender Singh, Senior Technical Officer (T-6), Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated on March 31,2015.

• Mr JK Ingle, Senior Technical Officer, ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Akola, superannuated on July 31, 2015.

• Mr Bhuwnesh Kumar, Technical Officer, Divisionof Germplasm Conservation, ICAR-NBPGR, NewDelhi, superannuated on December 31, 2015.

• Mr Anil Kumar Agarwal, Finance and AccountsOfficer, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi superannuatedon December 31, 2015.

21.8.3 New Appointments

• Dr RK Tyagi, Principal Scientist, joined as Head,Division of Germplasm Conservation, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi w.e.f. February 20, 2015.

• Dr SP Ahlawat joined as Head, Division of PlantExploration and Germplasm Collection, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi w.e.f. February 26, 2015.


ICAR-NBPGR becomes ISO 9001-2008 CertifiedInstitute

The ICAR-NBPGR was awardedthe ISO 9001:2008 Certificate ofRegistration for its qualitymanagement system to act as thenodal institute at the national levelfor acquisition and managementof plant genetic resources for foodand agriculture and to carry out therelated research and humanresource development forsustainable growth of agriculture.The ISO certificate was awardedwith effect from March 7.

• Dr SK Yadav was conferred “Young ScientistAward 2014” and “Fellowship Award 2014” at theInternational Conference on TechnologicalInterventions in Agricultural Sciences, CITH,Nagaland on February 18.

• Dr N Dikshit, Senior Scientist became Officer-in-Charge, ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Akola w.e.f. January24, 2015.

• Dr JC Rana, joined as Head, Division of GermplasmEvaluation, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, w.e.f. April6, 2015.

• Dr Kuldeep Tripathi joined as Scientist at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, w.e.f. October 9, 2015.

management and sustainable utilization of plantgenetic resources of Indian Himalayan Region.

• Dr Yasin Jeshima Khan, was conferred with SRDAGold Medal-2014 in the field of Agriculture, duringInternational Conference on “Technologicalinterventions in agricultural sciences to enhanceproductivity, nutritional quality and value addition(TIAS-2014)” held from February 17-19, 2015 atCentral Institute of Horticulture, Department ofAgriculture and Co-operation, Ministry ofAgriculture, Government of India.

• Dr SR Pandravada, was bestowed with the “Awardfor Excellence in Research” under 3rd Science andTechnology Awards-2015 instituted by EET CRS atBangalore on June 14.

• Dr JC Rana, received the ‘Dr R.B. Ekbote Award’in recognition of his significant research contributionin the area of plant breeding and genetics. The awardconsists of a citation and a token cash award of Rs.5,000. The award was conferred to him during thefoundation day celebrations of Agharkar ResearchInstitute, Pune, on November 18.Dr JC Rana receiving the Prof. MS Swaminathan Award

21.8.4 Promotions of Staff

• Mr Avdhesh Kumar, promoted from Assistant toAssistant Administrative Officer w.e.f. January 30,2015.

• Mr Subhash Chander Sharma, promoted fromAssistant to Assistant Administrative Officer w.e.f.March 9, 2015.

21.9 Awards/ Honours/ Prizes

21.9.1 Awards and Honours:

• Dr JC Rana, received the first Prof. MSSwaminathan National Award for OutstandingResearch on Hill Agriculture constituted by ICARResearch Complex for NE Region, Barapani,Shillong, on January 1, 2015. The award comprisesa citation and cash worth Rupees one lakh. DrRana’s research work is mainly focussed on the

Vigilance Awareness WeekVigilance Awareness Week was observed from October 26-31, 2015 at Headquarters and Regional Stations of ICAR-NBPGR, to create awareness among staff and to check corruption. At the Headquarters, the programme was initiatedwith a pledge ceremony administered by Dr KC Bansal, Director on October 26, and posters and banners were displayedat prime locations within the campus. An essay writing competition on the topic ‘Corruption - a cancer and ways for itseradication’ was held on October 28, wherein 15 participants representing various staff categories participated. Among


Lecture on ‘Preventive vigilance as a tool of goodgovernance’ organized at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi onOctober 30, 2015. From left to right, Dr KC Bansal, MrRavinesh Kumar, Mr Girish Bhatt and Mr Vivek Purwar

Mr Shivam Kumar (PGR student) receiving the 1st prizefrom Mr Ravinesh Kumar for essay writing competition

• Dr Gurinderjit Randhawa, was awarded AgricultureLeadership Award 2015 by Agriculture Today forleading role in Biotechnology Research andDevelopment.

• Dr Gurinderjit Randhawa, was awarded BestScientist Award 2015 by Science and Technology,EET CRS, Research Wing for excellence inProfessional Education and Industry.

• Dr Kamala Venkateswaran, Dr N Sivaraj and DrSR Pandravada were awarded the Fellow of theAssociation for the Advancement of BiodiversityScience, Department of Botany, KarnatakaUniversity, Dharwad, Karnataka.

• Dr Mahesh C Yadav, was awarded BiovedFellowship Award-2016 by Bioved ResearchInstitute of Agriculture and Technology, Allahabadduring 17th Indian Agricultural Scientists andFarmer’s Congress on “Agri-Innovation for enhancingproduction and rural employment” on February 21.

• Dr Lalit Arya conferred with “ISNS-Best ResearchPaper awarded on Morinda spp.” by InternationalSociety for Noni Science, Chennai, India for the year2015 in recognition of her research paper on“Genetic diversity and population structure analysesof Morinda tomentosa Heyne, with neutral andgene based markers (2014). Genetic Resourcesand Crop Evolution 61: 1469-1479. DOI 10.1007/s10722-014-0168-4” submitted by Arya L, RamyaKN, Verma M, Singh AK and Gupta V.

• Dr N Sivaraj was awarded with the ‘RenownedBiodiversity Science Award – 2015’ byAdvancement of Biodiversity Science, Departmentof Botany, Karnataka University, Dharwad,Karnataka.

• Dr K Anitha, Dr Kamala Venkateswaran, Dr NSivaraj and Dr SR Pandravada, were awarded with“Distinguished Scientist Award” under VIFResearch Awards 2015 instituted by VenusInternational Foundation on December 19, atChennai.

Gurinderjit Randhawa receiving Agriculture LeadershipAward 2015 for her leading role in Biotechnology

Research and Development from Hon’ble Union HomeMinister Shri Raj Nath Singh and Dr. Swaminathan on

September 18, 2015.

them, Mr Shivam Kumar (PGR student) was adjudged 1st, Mr Sahadev Kuwardadra (PGR student) was 2nd, Mr KD Joshi(Assistant Chief Technical Officer) and Ms Arti Kumari (Skilled Contractual) secured 3rd position. A lecture was alsoorganized on October 30. Mr Ravinesh Kumar, Director, DARE and Chief Vigilance Officer, ICAR, New Delhi, delivered alecture on ‘Preventive vigilance as a tool of good governance’.Mr Girish Bhatt, Under Secretary (Vigilance), ICAR, NewDelhi was the Guest of Honour. This was followed by a mime on corruption played by the PGR students of PG School,ICAR-IARI, New Delhi. All the 10 regional stations of ICAR-NBPGR, also observed Vigilance Awareness Week.


21.10 Deputations Abroad

Pratibha Brahmi, Principal Scientist participated asCountry Representative in the Final Meeting of the FAOproject on ‘Enhancing the Understanding andImplementation of the ITPGRFA’ organized by FAORegional Office, Bangkok, Thailand from April 22-25.

In 24th National Conference on ‘Transboundary viraldisease under one health: Perspectives andchallenges’ (VIROCON 2015) organized by IndianVirological Society at NEIGRIHMS, Shillong,Meghalaya October 8-10.

• Dr Sandeep Kumar, Senior Scientist, Division ofGermplasm Evaluation, received best oral presentationfor the paper “ Biochemical interactions for host plantresistance to insect-pests” on 24th Feb., 2015, inNational Symposium on ‘Integrated pest managementfor sustainable crop protection’ organized by Divisionof Entomology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during 24-25 February.

Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav

The flagship programme of the Prime Minister of India, ‘Mera GaonMera Gaurav (MGMG)’ was officially launched from October 2015,wherein agricultural scientists in the country are required to dividetheir attention between research and extension education to helpin the success of ‘lab to land’ motto. The scheme envisagesscientists to select villages as per their convenience and remain intouch with the selected villages and provide information to thefarmers on technical and other related aspects in a time-framethrough personal visits or on telephone.

ICAR-NBPGR initiated activities under this programme. The ICAR-NBPGR RS, Bhowali, adopted Gadsiyari, Suri and adjoining villages(Matila, Oliagaon, Ookhina) in Tarikhet, Ranikhet and Almoradistricts. Information was gathered on various aspects of farmingfrom the farmers including, farmer household, land holdings, netsown area, cropping intensity, cropping systems, seed management systems, traditional agricultural knowledge andawareness about agrobiodiversity management. Interactions with the farmers were held on enabling policy issuesfacilitating mainstreaming biodiversity in production landscapes, aspects related to food sovereignty, agricultural productionand household dietary diversity, etc.

Group discussion with farmers of Village Gadsiyari

• Dr K Rameash was awarded the Fellow of theEntomological Society of India, New Delhi 110012.

• Dr Dinesh Chand, awarded as Fellow (2015) of theEnvironmental Research Academy International,Visakhapatnam for significant contribution in the fieldof Plant Pathology on March 1.

21.9.2 Best Poster/ Paper Awards:

• Dr Banerjee A, Roy S and Mawkhlieng B awarded3rd Best Poster award for the poster entitled“Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermalamplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid andsensitive detection of Chilli veinal mottle virus”.

Gurinderjit Randhawa, Principal Scientist, Division ofGenomic Resources (DGR), was invited as a resourceperson to participate in workshop on ‘Network ofLaboratories for the Detection and Identification ofLiving Modified Organisms (LMOs)’ at Ispra, Italy fromJune 9-11.

Amit Kumar Singh, Scientist, DGR, is on deputationfrom August 2015 to January 2016, to pursue post-doctoral research in the area of advanced genomics atUniversity of Queensland, Australia under EndeavorResearch Fellowship, 2015, awarded by Government ofAustralia.

Sunil Archak, Senior Scientist, visited four Central Asiancountries as part of the exploratory visit of delegation ofICAR scientists from September 14-27.


Sundeep Kumar, Senior Scientist, Division of GenomicResources, visited University of Barcelona, Spain, toattend the ‘2nd Face-to-Face Meeting of the ExpertWorking Group on Wheat Phenotyping’ November 10-12.

Vandana Tyagi, Principal Scientist, visited Bonn, Germanyfor study visit to discuss policy framework of the Conventionon Biological Diversity and its implementation in India andGermany and to understand the implementation of theITPGRFA in Germany and take lessons for itsimplementation in India from December 14-18.

21.11 Library and Documentation Services

ICAR-NBPGR library is a dedicated library on plantgenetic resource management. Scientists, technicalpersonnel, research associates, students and traineeswere regular users of the library. Library maintained itsdesignated services and activities of acquisition of books

SK Malik, Principal Scientist deputed to IPK,Gatersleben, Germany for the study visit under the IndoGerman joint project on Seed Development, September19 - October 11.

V Celia Chalam, Principal Scientist, Division of PlantQuarantine, undertook a study tour to Australia as partof an inter-ministerial delegation under the UNEP-GEFcapacity building project on biosafety of LMOs, fromSeptember 20 to October 2.

KC Bansal, Director, ICAR-NBPGR participated inthe sixth session of the Governing Body (GB 6) of theInternational Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Foodand Agriculture (ITPGRFA), was held from 5-9 October2015, at Rome, Italy, which was preceded by the 4th

Meeting of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group toEnhance the Functioning of the Multilateral System(MLS) of Access and Benefit-sharing (ABS), fromOctober 2-7.

Pratibha Brahmi at Regional Workshop of project "Enhancing understanding and implementation of the InternationalTreaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Asia" held in Bangkok, Thailand

Dr KC Bansal at the Sixth Session of the GB Meetingof ITPGRFA, in Rome, Italy

Dr Vandana Tyagi meeting with Dr Dieter Rucker and DrThomas Meier during her study visit at BLE, Bonn, Germany


Germplasm field day on Wheat and Barley

and journals, exchange of literature, development oflibrary collection database, circulation, reference servicesand documentation. NBPGR Library is one of themembers of ICAR- CeRA Consortium, so all scientistsand technical personnel have facilities of accessing theon-line journals. During the period under report the libraryalso subscribed “Oxford University Press” on-linejournals for life science for their members. Newspaperclipping services on PGR and its related subjects wereprovided to readers regularly. During the year, 178 booksrelated to various aspects of PGR management and Hindiliterature was added to the library collection throughpurchase and exchange basis. Library procured 39journals including 22 International Journals and 17 Indianthrough subscription/gift and exchange for the use atthe Headquarters and different Regional Stations. Amonthly list of new arrivals was also provided to readersat the Headquarters. Scientists and technical personnelhave been provided on-line access of CABI Database.Bureau’s publications were provided to over 300 differentorganizations in India and abroad and in return libraryhas received 265 publications as gratis from variousnational and international organizations. NBPGRInstitute Repository has been created on D-Spacesoftware, providing full text access to NBPGRpublications. Presently it has collection of 65 books, 39Newsletters and 24 Annual Reports.

21.12 Germplasm Field Days Organized

21.12.1 Germplasm Field Day on Rabi Oilseeds,Pulses and Potential Crops: A Germplasm Field Dayon Rabi Oilseeds, Pulses and Potential crops wasorganized on March 18, 2015 at NBPGR, New Delhi, inwhich 50 scientists belonging to twelve organizations ofeleven states participated. During the current season,210 accessions of linseed, 750 accessions lentil and 100accessions of potential crops were shown to theparticipants. The participants appreciated the crop

genetic variability and selected desired germplasmaccessions for different traits for crop improvement.

21.12.2 Germplasm Field Day on Wheat andBarley: Germplasm Field Day on Wheat and Barleywas organized at NBPGR Farm, Issapur, and NBPGRFarm, IARI, New Delhi on March 26. The Field Daywas attended by 45 participants from ICAR institutes,SAUs and Govt. Departments. The participants wereexposed to 4,316 wheat accessions comprising core set(~2805 accessions), reference set (~348 accessions),set for rainfed evaluation (1483 accessions) and a set

Germplasm field day on Rabi oilseeds, pulses andpotential crops


Cabbage field day under CRP on agrobiodiversity atICAR-IARI, Regional Station, Katrain,

Himachal Pradesh

Field day on oat was organised at RS Shimla

of 253 accessions grown for evaluation against terminalheat and drought tolerance. Besides, a set of 257accessions of barley obtained from National Gene Bankwere also shown to breeders. The participants were alsovisited NBPGR, IARI Farm and seen a set of 650accessions of wheat grown for evaluation against abioticstresses. The participants appreciated the entire rangeof variability exhibited in the core set and selected thematerial of their choice and provided valuable feedbackfor evaluation of specific traits for further utilization ofthe germplasm.

21.12.3 Cabbage Field Day: In addition tocharacterization, multiplication and evaluation, field daywas organized on cabbage at the site where thesegermplasm accessions have been grown forcharacterization. The field day was attended by about90 participants, farmers/ rural youth and scientists ofNBPGR RS Shimla.

ICAR institutes and SAUs attended. A total of 41collections of bitter gourd, 17 of snake gourd, 11 of ashgourd, 21 of pumpkin, 50 of cucumber, 8 of okra syntheticamphidiploids and 36 of wild Abelmoschus representing11 species, besides wild species of Cucumis (8 spp.)and Momordica (6 spp.) were displayed.

Participants of germplasm field day in okra field

21.13 PGR Awareness and Biodiversity Fairs

21.13.1 PGR Awareness Camp at ICAR-NBPGR,RS Shillong participated in North Eastern ZoneRegional Agriculture Fair 2014-15 held at ICAR RC forNEHR, Umaim during January 9-10. A stall displayinglive materials, seeds of NEH crop germplasm, postersand photographs depicting the mandated, activities andachievements of ICAR-NBPGR was visited by manyfarmers, researchers and entrepreneurs.

21.12.4 Field day on Okra and Cucurbits: Agermplasm field day on okra and cucurbits was held onAugust 19, 2015, in which 40 participants representing

The Founder Director of ICAR RC for NEHR discussingon various PGR issues


session discussion was held on how to shape a futurefor food and how indigenous people in NEH contributeto resilient food system.

Exhibition stall of ICAR-NBPGR in ITM 2015

Delegates from various countries visiting the indig-enous crops germplasm of NEH India

21.13.4 Exhibition in Agartala, Tripura: ICAR-NBPGR, Shillong participated in 3 days National Seminaron Sustaining Hill Agriculture in Changing Climate(SHACC) during December 05-07, 2015. The exhibitionand displayed material was appreciated by visitorsincluding the Hon’ble Governor of Tripura, Sh TathagatRoy.

21.13.2 PGR Awareness Camp/Biodiversity

Fair by ICAR-NBPGR RS Srinagar

During the period under report one PGR AwarenessCamp/Biodiversity Fair was organized by ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station, Srinagar under TSP at SankooKargil (Ladakh) on October 10, 2015 with the help ofMountain Agricultural Research and Extension Station(MARES), SKUAST (K) Kargil. Sankoo is some 45kms from Kargil town in Suru valley. A total of 200farmers including 25 women attended the camp. SyedAbbas Rizvi, Councillor, Ladakh Hill DevelopmentCouncil, Sankoo area was the Chief Guest on theoccasion. Sets of petty agricultural implements weredistributed among the farmers during the camp.

21.13.3 Indigenous Terra Madre - Shillong 2015:India’s first ‘Indigenous Terra Madre’ (Mother Earth)was organized at Shillong, Meghalaya during November3-7 where indigenous tribes from 52 countriesparticipated to share their knowledge about food,nutrition and bio-cultural diversity. ICAR-NBPGR incollaboration with Platform for Agro-biodiversityResearch (PAR), attended the event and displayed thelive materials and seeds of indigenous crop germplasm(rice, maize, citrus, ginger, turmeric, chilli, coix,buckwheat, and others) of NEH India to around 600delegated from 140 tribes around the world. The role ofICAR-NBPGR in managing the indigenous plant geneticresources of NEH India was highlighted throughpamphlets, posters and photographs. During a thematic

Hon’ble Governor of Tripura Shri Tathagat Roy and theDirector of ICAR RC for NEHR at the NBPGR Stall


Distribution of seedlings of sweetgourd and spine gourd at Maniyankinar

tribal hamlet, Peechi

Porathissery, Irinjalakkuda in Thrissur District. Inaddition to a detailed audio-visual presentation, thefarmers had an hour-long interaction with of ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Thrissur scientists and 100 seedlings ofspine gourd (Momordica dioica) were distributedamong them.

21.13.7 Biodiversity fair and grassroot level PGRawareness programme: A biodiversity fair cumgrassroot level awareness programme on “Plant GeneticResources Conservation” was organized in associationwith ASHA an NGO for the tribal population under TSPon February 21 at Chintur, East Godavari District,Andhra Pradesh.

39th Foundation Day of ICAR-NBPGR Celebrated

ICAR-NBPGR celebrated its 39th Foundation Day on August 5, 2015. On this occasion, 3rd Harbhajan Singh MemorialLecture was delivered by the Chief Guest, Professor Deepak Pental, Director, Centre for Genetic Manipulation of CropPlants, Department of Genetics, South Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi entitled “Agriculture, Political Order andGermplasm”. Dr JS Chauhan, ADG (Seed), ICAR was the Guest of Honour. The dignitaries distributed various awards. Acultural programme was also organized by the students, staff and their children

Dignitaries on the dias Prof Deepak Pental delivering thelecture

Children of staff performing duringcultural programme

Dr Jitendra Chauhan, ScientificAdviser to the Hon’ble Minister of

Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, GOI

21.13.5 On-Farm Conservation activities: About100 seedlings of sweet gourd (Momordicacochinchinensis) and 50 of spine gourd (M. dioica)were distributed by ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Thrissur to thetribal farmers of Maniyankinar tribal village, PanacheryPanchayat in the Peechi Reserve Forest area of Thrissurdistrict. They were given adequate information regardingplanting, cultural practices and nutritional aspects of thesecrops.

21.13.6 Farmers meet: A farmers meet was organizedby the ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Thrissur in association withKrishi Bhavan, Porathissery and Agricultural TechnologyManagement Agency (ATMA), Thrissur on May 30 at

Interaction with farmers atPorathissery, Irinjalakuda


21.14 Participation of Staff in Seminars/ Symposia/ Conferences/ Workshops

Name Title of Seminar/ Symposium/ Conference/ Workshop Place and period

Mool Chand Singh, Vandana Tyagi 7th Agricultural Summit Hotel Shangri La, New Delhi,January 15

Baleshwar Singh, Jameel Akhtar, National Symposium on Innovative New Delhi, January 17Kavita Gupta, SC Dubey, Approaches of Plant Disease ManagementV Celia Chalam for Sustainable Development

K Joseph John National Meet on Distant Hybridization in ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru,Horticultural Crop Improvement Karnataka, January 22-23

Shashi Bhalla National Symposium on Agrochemicals for ICAR-IARI, New Delhi,Food and Environment Safety January 28-30

Shashi Bhalla Advances in Microbiology of Food, Bhabha Atomic ResearchAgriculture, Health and Environment Centre, Mumbai, February 3-5

V Celia Chalam National symposium on Challenges and Madurai, Tamil Nadu,Management Approaches for Crop Diseases February 12-14of National Importance – Status and Prospects

Rakesh Bharadwaj, Rashmi Yadav, National Seminar on Holistic Development GBPUAT, Pantnagar,Ruchi Bansal of Agroforestry: Potential and Policy Issues February 13-14

Vikender Kaur International Conference on Applied Sciences, JNU, New Delhi,Environmental Engineering and Energy February 14-15Technology for Sustainable Development

Nidhi Verma, SK Yadav, International Conference on Technological Central Institute of Horticulture,Yasin Jeshmina K Interventions in Agricultural Sciences for Nagaland February 17-19

Enhanced Productivity, Nutritional Quality andValue Addition (TIAS-2014)

Vandana Tyagi National Conference on Perspectives about IIC Annexe, New Delhi,Emerging India with Special Focus on February 21Climate Change

Vikender Kaur National Seminar on Innovative Researches Rohtak, Haryana, February 21in Life Sciences

Sandeep Kumar International Congress on Role of Agri- JNU, New Delhi, February 21-22Science, Forestry, Food Technology andParticipatory Natural Resource Managementfor Mitigation of Climate Change

MC Yadav 17th Indian Agricultural Scientists and Bioved Research Institute ofFarmer’s Congress on Agri-Innovation for Agriculture and Technology,Enhancing Production and Rural Employment Allahabad, UP, February 21-22

Sandeep Kumar National Symposium on Integrated Pest ICAR-IARI, New DelhiManagement for Sustainable Crop Protection February 24-25

TV Prasad Workshop on Training Needs Assessment ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad,February 26

SK Yadav 2nd National Seminar on Hi-Tech Horticulture: Babasaheb Bhimrao AmbedkarChallenges and Opportunities(HITHCO-2015) University, Lucknow, February

26-27

Amit K Singh, DP Wankhede, National Symposium on Sustainable Monad University, UP,NSPanwar, Rakesh Bharadwaj, Agriculture Development through Biotechnical February 28- March 1Rakesh Singh, Rashmi Yadav, Techniques and its Impact on Food Security,Sundeep Kumar Human Welfare and Climate

Rashmi Yadav 9th DUS Review Meeting of Dus Test Centres JAU, Junagarh, March 9-10

Pratibha Brahmi Workshop on IPR Protection in Agricultural ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, March 13Research

K Joseph John One-day Seminar on Biovision-2015: Plant St. Thomas College, Thrissur,Genetic Resources Conservation March 26


Vikender Kaur National Conference on Biodiversity and Chhaju Ram Memorial JatSustainable Development College, Hisar, March 27

Ashok Kumar 58th Annual Maize Workshop PAU, Ludhiana, April 4-6

N Sivaraj J. Raghotham Reddy Centennial Memorial Professor JayashankarLecture On Indian Agriculture: Transforming Telangana State Agriculturala Nation University, Hyderabad, April 5

Shashi Bhalla Insect Science Congress PAU, Ludhiana, April 16-17

V Celia Chalam National Conference on Role of Credible New Delhi, April 22Inspection and Certification System inFacilitating Export Trade

K Joseph John 15th Annual Group Meeting of AICRP Tuber YSR Horticultural University, AP,Crops April 23-25

Anju Jain, Anuradha Agrawal, International Conference on Low Temperature NASC Complex, New Delhi,AK Singh, A Pattnaik, Chithra Pandey, Science in Plant Genetic Resources April 27-30DP Semwal, DP Wankhede, Kavita ConservationGupta, K Pradheep, KV Bhat, NB Das,Neelam Sharma, Rajesh Kumar,Rashmi Yadav, Rekha Chaudhury,RK Tyagi, Ruchi Bansal, RuchiraPandey, Sandhya Gupta, SC Dubey,Shashi Bhalla, SK Malik, S Rajkumar,SS Marla, SS Mishra,Sundeep Kumar, Sunil Archak,TV Prasad, V Celia Chalam

SR Pandravada National Conference on Reinvigorating GKV Society and PJTSAU,Agricultural Innovations for Farmers Hyderabad, May 3-4Empowerment and Development(RAINFED-2015)

Om Vir Singh Group Meet of Arid Legumes CAZRI, Jodhpur, May 4-6

Jyoti Kumari International Conference on Agriculture, Food JNU, New Delhi, May 9-10Engineering and Environmental Sciences-Sustainable Approach

N Sivaraj Meeting for Implementation of Bio-Diesel Rain Shadow AreasProgramme in Andhra Pradesh Development Department, AP

Secretariat, Hyderabad, May 13

SP Singh Export Inspection and Certification of Vegetable National Plant Quarantineand Fruits to European Union and Issues Station, Rangpuri, New Delhi,Related to Quarantine Information System May 16-17

KK Gangopadhyay XXXIII Annual Group meeting of AICRP on ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi, May 21-24Vegetable Crops

RS Rathi Annual kharif Group Meet on Pigeonpea and BAU, Ranchi, May 22-24MULLARP Crops

Sheikh M Sultan State Level Joint Meeting of ICAR Regional SKUAST (J), Jammu & Kashmir,Committee for Jammu & Kashmir June 3-7

SR Pandravada Awareness Programme on Biological Diversity GP Birla Centre,Act, 2002 and Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Hyderabad, June 6Mechanism

TK Mondal 1st International Seminar on Agriculture and JNU, New Delhi, June 6-7Horticultural Science

MC Yadav 3nd Uttar Pradesh Agricultural Science Congress SHAITS, Allahabad, June14-16

S Roy Brainstorming Session on Scented Rice of Institute of Advanced Studies inNER of India Science and Technology, Assam,

June 26

NK Gautam Annual Group Meet on Chickpea and Rabi PAU Ludhiana, July 30- August 2Pulses


Anitha Kodaru Group Discussion on Digital and Sensor ICAR-IIOR, Hyderabad, July 31Based Agriculture

SK Malik International Symposium on Underutilized KVK, AC & RI, TNAU, Madurai,Plant Species-Exploration and Conservation August 5-8for Future Generation

Anitha Kodaru, K Rameash, Discussions on Status and Future Thrust of ICAR-IIOR, Hyderabad, August 6Kamala Venkateswaran, N Sivaraj, Oilseeds ResearchSR Pandravada

Amit K Singh, Archana P Raina, National Symposium on Germplasm to Genes: NASC Complex, New Delhi,DP Wankhede, J Aravind,Neeta Harnessing Biotechnology for Food Security August 9-11Singh,Rajesh Kumar, Rakesh Singh, and HealthRuchi Bansal, S Gahoi, Sheel Yadav,SS Marla, Sonika Singh,SP Mishra,Sundeep Kumar

M Latha, M Abdul Nizar Workshop on Garcinia CHES, ICAR-IIHR, Chettalli,Karnataka, August 20

Jyoti Kumari 54th All India Wheat and Barley Research SDAU, Dantiwada, Gujarat,Workers Meet August 21-24

SR Pandravada Expert Committee Meeting on Biodiversity Telangana State BiodiversityHeritage Sites Board, Hyderabad, August 22

RS Rathi 9th National Conference on KVKs ICAR-RCRE, Patna, July 25-26

BS Phogat, HL Raiger, Sheelamary, Rabi group meet of AICRN of Potential Crops BAU, Ranchi, September 19TV Prasad

Neelam Sharma,Veena Gupta Workshop on Conservation of Medicinal Plants Daulat Ram College, Delhi,by Micropropagation September 28- October 1

Ashok Kumar AICRN Workshop on Medicinal, Aromatic Plants ICAR-DMAPR, Anand,and Betel Vine September 28- October 1

Anju Jain, Jyoti Kumari 6th World Congress on Biotechnology New Delhi, October 5-7

SP Ahlawat Regional Consultation on Agroforestry: The NASC Complex, New Delhi,Way Forward October 8-10

Rakesh Bhardwaj, Rashmi Yadav 7th Indo-Global Summit and Expo on Food New Delhi, October 8-10and Beverages

V Celia Chalam XXIV National Conference on Transboundary Shillong, October 9-10Viral Diseases under One Health: Perspectiveand Challenges (VIROCON 2015)

A Pandey, Dinesh Chand, 25th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Hyderabad, October13-16Mool Chand Singh Conference on Weed Science for Sustainable

Agriculture, Environment and Biodiversity

TK Mondal National Seminar on New Horizon in HIT, West Bengal, October 14-15Biotechnology

Rakesh Bhardwaj 11th International Food Data Conference NIN, Hyderabad, November 3-5Ahlawat SP,SK Malik Second International Indigenous Terra Mae Shillong, Meghalaya,

(ITM) November 3-7

Gayacharan, J Aravind, Sunil Archak Workshop on Genebank Operations and New Delhi, November 16-20Advanced Learning (Goal) Workshop for aFood Secure World - A Crawford Fund andGlobal Crop Diversity Trust Master Class

SP Ahlawat International Grassland Congress Hotel Leela Ambience, NewDelhi, November 20-24

SP Singh Workshop on Multi-institutional Synergy AIIMS, New Delhi, November 23Approach for Pesticide related Issues in India

Rashmi Yadav DUS Workshop on India-Germany Bilateral New Delhi, November 23-24Cooperation in Seed Sector

N Sivaraj Strengthening of Access and Benefit Sharing ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad,and Use of Biological Resources in Research November 24


and Development

SK Malik International Workshop on Community Seed NASC Complex, New Delhi,Banks and Farmers’ Rights November 25-27

Om Vir Singh Group Meet of Rabi Legumes ICAR-IPR, Kanpur,November 26-28

SK Malik National Symposium on Sustainable Citrus ICAR-CICR, Nagpur,Production: Way Forward November 27-29

V Celia Chalam National Symposium on Climate Challenges: Hyderabad, December 2Status and Management of Plant Diseases

AK Misra, SK Singh National Seminaron Sustaining Hill Agriculture ICAR RC-NEHR,Tripura,in Changing Climate (SHACC) December 5-7

SC Dubey, V Celia Chalam Symposium on Challenges in Plant Virology: ICAR-IARI, New Delhi,Our Preparedness December 5

Vandana Tyagi National Seminar on Challenges in Plant CCS Meerut University, Meerut,Sciences: Now and Then December 8-10

Anitha Pedapati, Ruchi Bansal, 3rd International Plant Physiology Congress- JNU, New Delhi,Sunil Archak, TK Mondal Challenges and Strategies in Plant Biology December 11-14

Research

Rakesh Bhardwaj National Conference on Global Research Gwalior, MP, December 12-13Initiatives for Sustainable Agriculture andAllied Sciences

SP Singh Competency Enhancement Programme for ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad,Technical Officers of ICAR December 14-23

Anuradha Agrawal Workshop on In-Vitro Techniques to Technology Maitreyi College, Delhi,December 19

21.15 Publications

Publications

21.15.1 Research papers

1. Abdul Nizar M and RM Mulani (2015) Geneticdiversity in indigenous and exotic linseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) germplasm. Electron. J. P.Breeding 6: 848-854.

2. Aditya Pratap, Sanjeev Gupta, Nupur Malviya,Rakhi Tomar, Ramanuj Maurya, K Joseph John,Latha Madhavan and Narendra Pratap Singh(2015) Genome scanning of Asiatic Vigna speciesfor discerning population genetic structure basedon microsatellite variation. Mol. Breeding 35:178.

3. Akhtar J, B Singh, A Kandan, D Chand and PCAgarwal (2015) Detection of Gibberella zeae(Schw.) Petech. on rice seed from Pantnagar,Uttarakhand, India. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 126-127.

4. Anand Prakash, V Nandagopal, TV Prasad andJagadiswari Rao (2015) Pheromones for themanagement of insect pests of stored products: AReview. J. Appl. Zool. Res. 25: 1-24.

5. Anju S, M Latha, SR Yadav, KV Bhat and SRRao (2015) Heterochromatin distribution andcomparative karyo-morphological studies in Vignaumbellata Thunberg, 1969 and V. aconitifoliaJacquin, 1969 (Fabaceae) accessions. Comp.Cytogen. 9: 119-132.

6. Arora S, NK Mogha, T Bhardwaj, V Sahu andSC Dubey (2015) A biorational approach formanagement of key plant pathogens. Indian J.Agri. Sci. 85: 759–763.

7. Babu Abraham, M Vanaja, P Raghu Ram Reddy,N Sivaraj and SK Chakrabarty (2015) Clusteranalysis and maxent modelling of black gram[Vigna mungo (L.)Hepper] genotypes fromAndhra Pradesh, India. Vegetos 28:119-126.

8. Bairwa RK, M Singh, RK Bhoge, C Devi and GJRandhawa (2015) Monitoring adventitiouspresence of transgenes in ex situ okra(Abelmoschus esculentus) collections conservedin genebank: A case study. Genet. Resour. CropEvol. DOI 10.1007/s10722-015-0350-3.

9. Bajaj D, S Das, S Badoni, V Kumar, M Singh,KC Bansal, AK Tyagi and SK Parida (2015)Genome wide high throughput SNP discovery and


genotyping for understanding natural (functional)allelic diversity and domestication pattern in wildchickpea. Nature Scientific Reports 5:12468DOI: 10.1038/srep12468.

10. Bansal R (2015) Effect of temperature on seedgermination behaviour in asalio (Lepidium sativumLinn.) and safed musli (Chlorophytumborivilianum). New Agriculturist 26: 1-7.

11. Bansal R and JP Srivasatva (2015) Antioxidantdefences to short term water logging in pigeonpea.Indian J. Pl. Physiol. 20: 182-185.

12. Bansal R and JP Srivastava (2015) Effect ofwaterlogging on photosynthetic and biochemicalparameters in pigeonpea. Russian J. Pl. Physiol.62: 322-32.

13. Bansal R, J Kumari, R Bhardwaj and S Kumar(2015) Wheat Biofortification: Progress andChallenges. Wheat Inf. Serv. 120: 35-39.

14. Bhardwaj J, MK Seth, J Akhtar and D Chand(2015) Antifungal efficacy of essential oils againstcommon bean anthracnose caused byColletotrichum lindemuthianum. Intl. J. Sci. Res.Review 3: 22-29.

15. Bhoge RK, R Chhabra, GJ Randhawa, MSathiyabama and M Singh (2015) Event-specificanalytical methods for six genetically modifiedmaize events using visual and real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Food Control55: 18-30.

16. Brahmi P and Vandana Tyagi (2015) Recentdevelopment for access to plant genetic resourcesin India and their implications. Indian J. Pl. Genet.Resour. 28: 237-246.

17. Chaduvula PK, B Jyotika, A Rai, K Gaikwad, SSMarla, Elangowan and S Kumar (2015) In silicosequence tag analysis in identification andexpression of salinity stress responsible genes inSorghum bicolor. Australian J. Crop Sci. 9: 799-806.

18. Chauhan SS, SK Jha, GK Jha, DK Sharma, TSatyavathi and Jyoti Kumari (2015) Germplasmscreening of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)for popping characteristics. Indian J. Agril. Sci.85: 344–348.

19. Choudhary R, R Chaudhury and SK Malik (2015)Development of an efficient regeneration andrapid clonal multiplication protocol for threedifferent Morus species using dormant buds asexplants. J. Horic. Sci. Biotech. 90: 245-253.

20. Choudhary R, R Chaudhury, SK Malik and KCSharma (2015) An efficient regeneration and rapidmicropropagation protocol for almond usingdormant axillary buds as explants. Indian J. Exptl.Biol. 53: 462-467.

21. Choudhary R, SK Malik, R Chaudhury, D Pal, PPatil and KC Sharma (2015) Scanning electronmicroscopic study on freezing behavior of tissuecells in dormant bud of mulberry. Bangladesh J.Bot. 44: 383-387.

22. Das A, M Mukhopadhyay, B Sarkar, D Saha andTK Mondal (2015) Influence of drought stress oncellular ultrastructure and antioxidant system intea cultivars with different drought sensitivities.J. Environ. Biol. 36:875-882.

23. Das A, S Chaudhury, MC Kalita and TK Mondal(2015) Computational identification, targetprediction and validation of conserved miRNAsin Insulin plant (Costus pictus D. Don). Appl.Biochem. Biotechnol. 15: 1-14.

24. Das A, S Chaudhury, MC Kalita and TK Mondal(2015) In silico identification, characterization andexpression analysis of miRNAs in Cannabissativa L. Pl. Gene 2:17-24.

25. Das Shouvik, M Singh, R Srivastava, D Bajaj,Maneesha S Saxena, JC Rana, KC Bansal, AKTyagi and SK Parida (2015) mQTL-seq delineatesfunctionally relevant candidate gene harboring amajor QTL regulating pod number in chickpea.DNA Res. doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsv036

26. Dikshit N and N Sivaraj (2015) Analysis of agro-morphological diversity and oil content in Indianlinseed germplasm. Grasas Y Aceites 66(1).January–March e060. ISSN-L: 0017–3495 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0689141

27. Dikshit N, N Sivaraj, MA Nizar and Dinesh Chand(2015) In-situ diversity in bottle gourd (Lagenariasiceraria (Mol.) Stand.) germplasm and cropmodelling predictions. Int. J. Agril. Stat. Sci. 11:17-24.


28. Dubey SC, V Singh, K Priyanka, BK Upadhyay,B Singh (2015) Combined application of fungaland bacterial bio-agents, together with fungicideand Mesorhizobium for integrated managementof Fusarium wilt of chickpea. Bio Control 60:413–424.

29. Ganeshamoorthi P and SC Dubey (2015)Morphological and pathogenic variability of R.solani isolates associated with wet root rot ofchickpea in India. Legume Res. 38: 389-395.

30. Ganie SA, KA Molla and TK Mondal (2015)Microsatellite repeats proximal to pre-miRNA aremore conserved than the distal repeats among thesalinity responsive miRNA genes of rice (Oryzasativa). Intl. J. Trop. Agril. 23: 1405-1409.

31. Ganie SA, N Dey and TK Mondal (2015)Differential promoter methylation of salt tolerantand susceptible rice genotypes under salinity stress.Funct. Integrat. Genomics. 9: 1-11.

32. Gayacharan, IS Bisht, A Pandey, MC Yadav andand JC Rana (2015) Population structure of uplandred rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces from North-western Indian Himalayas. Indian J. Biotechnol.14: 42-48.

33. Gore PG, MK Rana, K Tripathi, M Singh, IS Bishtand S Bhalla (2015) Genetic diversity in wild Lensspp. using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSRmarker). Legume Res. 38: 575-578.

34. Gupta Sandhya and JC Rana (2015)Cryopreservation of apple (Malus spp.) winterbuds. Indian J. Hort. 72: 553-555.

35. Jacob SR, V Tyagi, A Agrawal, SK Chakrabartyand RK Tyagi (2015) Indian plant germplasm onthe global platter: An analysis. PLoS ONEDOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0126634, 1-15.

36. Jalender P, BN Bhat, K Vijayalakshmi, Y Prasanthiand K Anitha (2015) Screening of tomatogermplasm and cultivars against cucumber mosaicvirus. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 222-226.

37. Jalender P, K Anitha, Y Prasanthi and N BharatiBhat (2015) Effect of cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) on yield and yield attributes of tomato.Res. J. Agril. Sci. 6: 443-446.

38. Jha N, SR Jacob, SK Jain and MBArun Kumar (2015) Application of SSR markers

for genetic purity testing of brinjal hybrid PusaHybrid 5. Res. J. Agril. Sci. 26: 78-81.

39. Joseph John K, YC Roy, MV Krishnaraj, VAMNissar, M Latha and KV Bhat (2015) Ecologicaland morphological characterization of two rare andendemic wild edible Cucumis species(Cucurbitaceae) of Western Ghats of India.Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. DOI 10.1007/s10722-015-0340-5: 01-10.

40. Kak A, S Agarwal, C Pandey and V Gupta (2015)Responses to seed dormancy breaking treatmentsin wild Hibiscus species. Vegetos. 28:143-147.

41. Kalidasu G, S Suryakumari, C Sarada, A Rajani,N Hariprasada Rao, SR Pandravada, and L NaramNaidu (2015) Exploiting genetic divergence forcrop improvement in coriander (Coriandrumsativum L.): A neglected and underutilized crop.Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 222-228.

42. Kandan A, J Akhtar, B Singh, D Dixit, D Chand,A Roy, S Rajkumar and PC Agarwal (2015)Molecular diversity of Bipolaris oryzae infectingOryza sativa in India. Phytoparasitica 43: 5-14.

43. Khetan S, N Singh, A Kaur and JC Rana (2015)Structural and functional characterization ofkidney bean and field pea protein isolates: Acomparative study. Food Hydrocolloids 43: 679–689.

44. Kole PR, KV Bhat, R Chaudhury and SK Malik(2015) Genetic variation among Jatropha curcasL. using dominant molecular marker collectedfrom different agro-climatic regions of India.Indian J. Genet. Pl. Breed. 75: 267-270.

45. Kole PR, KV Bhat, R Chaudhury, SK Malik andGR Rao (2015) Genetic diversity analysis in wildspecies of Pongamia pinnata (L.) using RAPDand SRAP markers. J. Adv. Biotechnol. 4: 442-452.

46. Kumar A, J Kumari, JC Rana, DP Chaudhary, RKumar, H Singh, TP Singh and M Dutta (2015)Diversity among maize landraces in north westHimalayan region of India assessed by agro-morphological and quality traits. Indian J. Genet.Pl. Breed. 75: 188-195.

47. Kumar S and MK Dhillon (2015) Lipophilicmetabolite profiling of maize and sorghum seeds


and seedlings, and their pest spotted stem borerlarvae: A standardized GC-MS based approach.Indian J. Exptl. Biol. 53: 170-176.

48. Kumar S, J Kumari, R Bansal, BR Kuri, AK Singh,DP Wankhede, J Akhtar and Z Khan (2015) Slowrusting-an effective way to achieve durableresistance against leaf rust in wheat. WheatInformation Service. 120: 26-34.

49. Kumar S, MS Roder, SB Tripathi, S Kumar, RChand, AK Joshi and U Kumar (2015)Mendelization and fine mapping of a bread wheatspot blotch disease resistance QTL Mol. Breed.35: 218. DOI 10.1007/s11032-015-0411-5

50. Kumari Jyoti, HK Dikshit, B Singh and D Singh(2015) Combining ability and character associationof agronomic and biochemical traits in pea (Pisumsativum L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 181: 26-33.

51. Kumari Jyoti, HK Dikshit, Dayachand, M Askiand Anju M Singh (2015) Relationship betweenprotein content, seed size and days to flowering inlentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Intl. J. Adv. Res.Biol. Sci. 2: 114-117.

52. Kumari Jyoti, SS Chauhan, SK Jha, S Pandey, CTSatyavathi and M Dutta (2015) Identification ofpearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.)germplasm with unique popping quality in thenational genebank collections of India. Indian J.Genet. Pl. Breed. 75: 128-131.

53. Kumari Jyoti, BS Phogat, TP Singh, SKumar, VKaur, S Kumar, Ruchi Bansal and YS Rathi (2015)Correlated response of component traits towardsgrain yield in cultivated wheat germplasm underlate sown condition. J. Agroecol. Nat. Resour.Manag. 2: 110-112.

54. Kuttubuddin M, AB Debnath, SA Ganie and TKMondal(2015) Identification and analysis of novelsalt responsive candidate gene based SSRs(cgSSRs) from rice (Oryza sativa L.). BMC Pl.Biol. 15: 122.

55. Lenkala P, K Radha Rani, N Sivaraj, K RavinderReddy and M Jaya Prada (2015) Geneticvariability and character association studies in Jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) for yieldand yield contributing traits. Electronic J. Pl.Breed. 6: 625-629.

56. Lenkala P, K Radha Rani, N Sivaraj, K RavinderReddy and M Jayaprada (2015) Assessment ofjack bean genotypes for seed characters andnutritional quality. Ann. Pl. Soil Res. 17: 395-398.

57. Lenkala P, R Radha Rani, N Sivaraj, K RavinderReddy and M Jaya Prada (2015) Morphologicalcharacterization of jackbean – An under exploitedvegetable. Ann. Pl. Soil Res. 17: 183-186.

58. Mahra GS, P Kumar, C Solanki, DS Tomar, SKKaushik, R Tewari and VKJ Rao (2015)Identifying grass root problems and generatingsustainable solutions through participatory ruralappraisal. Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. (Special Issue)15: 198-208.

59. Malav PK, R Singh, A Pandey and KC Bhatt(2015) Molecular diversity study within holy basilspecies (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.) using ISSR andRAPD markers. Indian J. Hort. 72: 528-534.

60. Malav P, A Pandey, KC Bhatt, S Gopala KrishnanandIS Bisht (2015) Morphological variability inholy basil (Ocimumtenuiflorum L.) from India.Genet. Resour and Crop Evol. 62: 1245-1256.

61. Malik SK, R Chaudhury and IP Singh (2015)Management of citrus genetic resources in India:approaches, applications and achievements. ActaHort. 1101: 39-46.

62. Mandal AK, SC Dubey and A Tripathi (2015) Bio-agent based integrated management strategyagainst stem rot for chickpea. Indian Phytopath.68: 402-409.

63. Mandal S, S Roy, A Das, GI Ramkrushna, R Lal,BC Verma, A Kumar, RK Singh and J Layek(2015) Energy efficiency and economics of ricecultivation systems under subtropical easternHimalaya. Energy Sustain. Dev. 18: 115-121.

64. Mhatre PH, Pankaj, SK Malik, S Kaur, AK Singh,S Mohan and A Sirohi (2015) Histopathologicalchanges and evaluation of resistance in Asian rice(Oryza sativa) against root knot nematode,Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Birch.Indian J. Genet. Pl. Breed. 75: 41-48.

65. Misra RC and G Das (2015) Ocimumkilimandscaricum Guerke (Lamiaceae): A newdistributional record for peninsular India with focus


on its economic potential. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.doi: 10.1007/s40011-015-0526-9.

66. Mondal TK, SA Ganie and AB Debnath (2015)Identification of novel and conserved miRNAsfrom extreme halophyte, Oryza coarctata, a wildrelative of rice. PLoS One10: e0140675.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140675

67. Mukhopadhyay M and TK Mondal(2015) Effectof zinc and boron on growth and water relationsof Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze cv. T-78.Nat. Acad. Sci. Letters 38: 283-286.

68. Mukhopadhyay M, TK Mondal and PK Chand(2015) Biotechnological advances in tea (Camelliasinensis[L.] O. Kuntze): a review. Pl. Cell Rep.DOI 10.1007/s00299-015-1884-8

69. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Analysis of geneticvariability and co-relation among traits in exoticgermplasm of pearl millet (Pennisetum glacum(L).R.Br.) germplasm in hot-arid climate. IndianJ. Agril. Res. 50: 76-79.

70. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Assessment of GX E interaction in pearl millet (Pennisetumglacum (L).R.Br.) germplasm in hot-arid climate.Indian J. Agril. Res. 50: 92-95.

71. Om Vir and Singh AK (2015) Estimation of G XE interactions in exotic germplasm of pearl millet(Pennisetum glaucum L.). Adv. Res. J. CropImprov. 6: 119-123.

72. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Moth bean [Vignaaconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] germplasm:Evaluation for genetic variability and intercharacters relationship in hot arid climate ofwestern Rajasthan, India. Legume Res. 38: 748-752.

73. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Variability andcorrelation analysis in the germplasm of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] inhyper hot arid climate of Western India. LegumeRes. 38: 37- 42.

74. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015). Analysis ofmorphological characters and inter-relationship inthe germplasm of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.Wilezek)in the hot arid climate. Legume Res. 39:14-19.

75. Om Vir Singh and AK Singh (2015) Inter-characters association in pearl millet [Pennisetumglaucum (L.) R. Br.] germplasm in hot aridclimate. Asian J. Bio. Sci. 10: 143-147.

76. Pandey A, KS Negi, K Pradheep and MC Singh(2015) Note on occurrence of fragrant false garlic(Nothoscordum gracile (Aiton) Stearn) in India.Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 351-355.

77. Pandey CD, A Kak, S Pandey and V Gupta(2015) Trait-specific amaranth germplasm-potentialities to combat climate change. IndianJ. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 321-328.

78. Pandravada SR, MT Reddy, N Sivaraj, R Jairam,N Sunil, SK Chakrabarty and IS Bisht (2015)Preliminary characterization and evaluation of on-farm conserved okra germplasm from tribalpockets of Telangana. Ann. Pl. Soil Res. 17: 342-345.

79. Pandravada, SR, N Sivaraj, R Jairam, N Sunil,SK Chakrabarty, R Eshwar Charan, P Ramesh,and IS Bisht (2015) Agri-biodiversity maintainedon-farm by ethnic groups in Peninsular India:Legacy of landrace sustainability in cereals andmillets. Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 335-344.

80. Parimalan R, R Bhoge, GJ Randhawa and CDPandey (2015) Assessment of transgene flow ineggplant germplasm conserved at nationalgenebank. Indian J. Biotechnol. 14: 357-363.

81. Patil P, SK Malik, S Sutar, S Yadav, J John andKV Bhat (2015) Taxonomic importance of seedmacro-and micro-morphology in Abelmoschus(Malvaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 33: 696–707.

82. Pradhan SK, SR Barik, J Sahoo, E Pandit, DKNayak, DR Pani and A Anandan (2015)Comparison of Sub1 markers and theircombinations for submergence tolerance andanalysis of adaptation strategies of rice in rainfedlowland ecology. Comptes Rendus Biologies(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2015.06.010, 28August 2015).

83. Pradheep K, DR Pani and KC Bhatt (2015)Taxonomic notes on the Trichosanthescucumerina group (Cucurbitaceae) from India.Novon. 24: 39-45.


84. Pradheep K, KC Bhatt and ER Nayar (2015)Problems in collection and conservation of somecrop wild relatives in India: An analysis. Intl. J.Bio. Sci. and Eng. 6: 73-77.

85. Pradheep K, RS Rathi, Soyimchiten and ER Nayar(2015) “Meetha patta” (Plukenetia corniculataSm.): a new report of leafy vegetable crop fromnorth-eastern region of India. Genet. Resour.Crop Evol. 62: 1113-1120.

86. Priyanka K, SC Dubey and AK Singh (2015)Conventional and real-time PCR assays forspeciûc detection and quantiucation of Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. ciceris in plants using intergenicspacer region-based marker. Biologia 70: 314-319.

87. Radhamani J, Z Khan, S Sahai and RK Tyagi(2015) Nutritional quality analyses of traditionalvarieties of rice (Oryza sativa) collected fromtribal areas in eastern India. Indian J. Agril. Sci.85: 266-269.

88. Rai H, DVS Raju, MB Arun Kumar, T Janakiram,Namita, Gopala Krishnan and JC Rana (2015)Characterization and analysis of genetic diversityamong different species of rose (Rosa species)using morphological and molecular markers.Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 240-245.

89. Raina AP and KS Negi (2015) Essential oilcomposition of Hedychium spicatum Buch.-Ham.ex Smith. from Uttarakhand, India. J. EssentialOil Bearing Pl. 18: 382-388.

90. Raina AP and KS Negi (2015) Essential oilcomposition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones fromcentral and eastern Himalayas of India. IndianJ. Pharmaceutical Sci. 77: 218-222.

91. Raina P Archana and V Gupta (2015) Evaluationof buckwheat (Fagopyrum species) germplasmfor rutin content in seeds. Indian J. Pl. Physiol.20: 167-171.

92. Raina AP, Z Abraham and N Sivaraj (2015)Diversity analysis of Kaempferia galanga L.germplasm from south India using DIVA-GISapproach. Industrial Crops Prod. 69: 433-439.

93. Ram C, M Verma, L Arya and BS Panwar (2015)Molecular cloning and in silico analyses of DREBgene in watermelon. Indian J. Horticul. 72: 338-342.

94. Rameash K, N Sivaraj, B Sarath Babu, and SKChakrabarty (2015) Screening brinjal genotypesfor resistance to shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodesorbonalis and analysing the geographicaldivergence of resistance through DIVA-GIS. TheBioscan 10: 923-928.

95. Rana JC, RK Chahota, V Sharma, M Rana, NVerma, B Verma and TR Sharma (2015) Geneticdiversity and structure of Pyrus accessions ofIndian Himalayan region based on morphologicaland SSR markers. Tree Genetics and Genomes.DOI 10.1007/s11295-014-0821-2.

96. Rana JC, TR Sharma, RK Tyagi, RK Chahota,NK Gautam, M Singh, PN Sharma and SN Ojha(2015) Characterization of 4274 accessions ofcommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)germplasm conserved in the Indian gene bank forphenological, morphological and agricultural traits.Euphytica. 205: 441-457.

97. Randhawa GJ, R Chhabra, RK Bhoge and MSingh (2015) Visual and real-time event-specificloop-mediated isothermal amplification baseddetection assays for Bt cotton events MON531and MON15985. J. AOAC Intl. 98: 1207-1214.

98. Rathi RS, S Roy, PS Mehta, AK Mishra, KS Negiand A Rayal (2015) Traditional uses of medicinalplants of Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri district ofWest Bengal India. The Indian Forester. 141:461-468.

99. Rathnam K, A Shankar and N Sivaraj (2015)Salinity Effects on Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffaL.). Intl. Res. J. Manag. Sci. Tech. 6: 2348-9367.

100. Reddy MT, H Begum, N Sunil, SR Pandravada,and N Sivaraj (2015) Assessing climate suitabilityfor sustainable vegetable Roselle (Hibiscussabdariffa var. sabdariffa L.) cultivation in Indiausing MaxEnt model. Agril. Biol. Sci. J. 1: 62-70.

101. Reddy MT, H Begum, N Sunil, SR Pandravada,N Sivaraj and K Shashi (2015) Predicting potentialhabitat distribution of sorrel (Rumex vesicariusL.) in India from presence-only data usingMaximum Entropy model. Open Access LibraryJ. 2: 1590.


102. Reddy MT, H Begum, NH Rao, N Sunil, SRPandravada, and N Sivaraj (2015) Geneticdiversity and variability in landraces for key agro-economic traits in vegetable Roselle (Hibiscussabdariffa var. sabdariffa L.). Jordan J. Biol.Sci. 8: 113- 125.

103. Reddy MT, H Begum, N Sunil, SR Pandravada,N Sivaraj, and S Kumar (2015) Mapping theclimate suitability using MaxEnt modellingapproach for Ceylon spinach (Basella alba L.)cultivation in India. The J. Agril. Sci. 10: 87-97.

104. Roy S, AB Banerjee, B Mawkhlieng, AK Misra,A Pattanayak, GD Harish, SK Singh, SV Ngachanand KC Bansal (2015) Genetic diversity andpopulation structure in aromatic and quality rice(Oryza sativa L.) landraces from North-easternIndia. PLOS One. e129607 (1-13).

105. Sharma S, N Singh, AS Virdi and JC Rana (2015)Quality traits analysis and protein profiling of fieldpea (Pisum sativum) germplasm from Himalayanregion. Food Chemistry. 172: 528-536.

106. Sharma V, M Rana, M Katoch, PK Sharma, MGhani, JC Rana, TR Sharma and RK Chahota(2015) Development of SSR and ILP markers inhorse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), theircharacterization, cross-transferability andrelevance for mapping. Mol. Breeding. DOI10.1007/s11032-015-0297-2.

107. Sharma V, TR Sharma, JC Rana and RK Chahota(2015) Analysis of genetic diversity and populationstructure in horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum)using RAPD and ISSR Markers. Agri. Res. DOI10.01007/s40003-015-0165-7.

108. Singh B, J Akhtar, Usha Dev, A Kandan, D Chand,J Kumar and PC Agarwal (2015) Interception ofpathogens associated with imported plant geneticresources in India. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 68-74.

109. Singh B, J Akhtar, Usha Dev, A Kandan, D Chand,J Kumar, and PC Agarwal (2015) Interception ofpathogens associated with imported plant geneticresources in India. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 68-74.

110. Singh M, GJ Randhawa, P Sood and RK Bhoge(2015) Loop-mediated isothermal amplificationtargeting insect resistant and herbicide toleranttransgenes: Monitoring for GM contamination insupply chain. Food Control. 51: 283-292.

111. Singh M, K Kumar, IS Bisht, M Dutta, MK Rana,JC Rana, KC Bansal and A Sarker (2015)Exploitation of wild annual Cicer species forwidening the gene pool of chickpea cultivars. P.Breeding, 134: 186-192

112. Singh MC and CV Sairam (2015) Evaluation ofintegrated weed management practices in rainfedcotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at farmers’ fields.Intl. J. Tropical Agril. 33: 51-53.

113. Singh R, DP Semwal and KC Bhatt (2015)Characterization and evaluation of Asian mustard(Brassica tournefortii Gouan.) germplasm - Anendangered oilseed crop of North-western India.Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 278-281

114. Singh S, S Bhalla, K Srinivasan, TV Prasad, RSPramod and J Dwivedi (2015) Susceptibility ofCallosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera:Bruchidae) infesting chickpea to low energyelectrons. Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 387-391.

115. Singh, MC and CV Sairam (2015) Evaluation ofintegrated weed management practices in rainfedcotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at farmers’ fields.Intl. J. Trop. Agril. 33: 51-53.

116. Soyimchiten, K Pradheep, K Joseph John and ERoshini Nayar (2015) An occurrence of Indo-Chinese taxon Momordica subangulata Blumesubsp. subangulata (Cucurbitaceae) in Nagaland:A new distribution record from India. J.Threatened Taxa 7: 8182-8184.

117. Sultan SM, N Dikshit and N Sivaraj (2015)Diversity, distribution and conservation of saffronthistle (Carthamus lanatus L.) in mid-highaltitude temperate zone of Kashmir valley, India:A DIVA-GIS study. Trop. Ecol. 56: 303-310.

118. Sultan SM, N Dikshit and UJ Vaidya (2015) Oilcontent and fatty acid composition of soybean(Glycine max L.) genotypes evaluated underrainfed conditions of Kashmir Himalayas in India.J. Appl. Nat. Sci. 7: 910-915.

119. Tanner R, C Ellison, MC Singh (2015). Pucciniakomarovii var. glanduliferae: a potential agentfor the biological control of Himalyan balsam(Impatiens glandulifera). European J. Pl.Pathol. 141: 247-266.

120. Tewari K, HK Dikshit, JKumari, N Jain, D Singhand A Singh (2015) Estimation of genetic


relatedness among cultivated and wild lens basedon morphological and molecular markers. P. Geneand Trait. 6: 1-8.

121. Tiwari KK, A Singh, S Pattnaik, M Sandhu, S Kaur,S Jain, S Tiwari, S Mehrotra, M Anumalla, RSamal, J Bhardwaj, N Dubey, V Sahu, GAKharshing, PK Zeliang, K Sreenivasan, P Kumar,SK Parida, SVA Mithra, V Rai, W Tyagi, PKAgrawal, AR Rao, A Pattanayak, G Chandel, AKSingh, IS Bisht, KV Bhat, GJN Rao, JP Khurana,NK Singh and T Mohapatra (2015) Identificationof a diverse mini core panel of Indian ricegermplasm based on genotyping usingmicrosatellite markers. Pl. Breed. 134: 164-171.

122. Tiwari S, MC Yadav, N Dikshit and DR Pani(2015) Universal rice primer based molecularcharacterization reveals high level of geneticvariation in crop-wild relatives of rice. NewAgriculturist 26: 319-328.

123. Tripathi, A and SC Dubey (2015) Sequence-relatedamplified polymorphism-PCR analysis for geneticdiversity in Rhizoctonia solani populationsinfecting pulse crops in different agro-ecologicalregions of India. Pl. Pathol. J. 14: 234-241.

124. Tripathi K, SK Chauhan, Padmavati G Gore, TVPrasad, K Srinivasan and S Bhalla (2015)Screening of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L)Walp.] accessions against pulse beetle C.chinensis (L.) Legume Res. 38: 675-680

125. Trivedi AK (2015) Boron: An essential elementneeds attention. Academic Res. J. Agril. Sci. Res.3:161-168.

126. Trivedi AK, L Arya, M Verma, SK Verma, RKTyagi and A Hemantarajan (2015) Geneticvariability in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum)germplasm of central Himalayan region based onmorpho-physiological traits and molecularmarkers. Acta Physiol. Pl. 37: 23. DOI:10.1007/s11738-014-1770-y.

127. Trivedi AK, SK Verma and RK Tyagi (2015)Variability in morpho-physiological traits andantioxidant potential of Rubus species in centralHimalayan Region. Industrial Crops Prod.doi:10.1016/j.indcrop. 2015.12.022.

128. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, RR Arya and RK Tyagi(2015) Genetic diversity in antioxidant potential

and stomatal behaviour of peach in centralHimalayan region. J. Environ. Biol. 36: 669-675.

129. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, RR Arya and RK Tyagi(2015) Variability in morpho-physiological traitsand antioxidant potential of kiwifruit (Actinidiachinensis Planch) in central Himalayan region.J. Environ. Biol. 36: 1051-1056.

130. Trivedi, AK, SK Verma, RR Arya and RK Tyagi(2015) Genetic diversity, antioxidant potential andstomatal behaviour of Peach [Prunus persica (L.)Batsch] in Central Himalayan Region. J. Environ.Biol. 36: e669 - e675

131. Tyagi R, V Sharma, AK Sureja, AD Munshi, LArya and M Verma (2015) Deciphering populationstructure and diversity in Luffa cylindrica (L.)M. Roemusing morphological and SRAP markers.Pl. Genet. Resour. Charact. Utilizat. 1-4doi:10.1017/S1479262115000258.

132. Tyagi R, V Sharma, AK Sureja, Arya L and VermaM (2015) Construction of enriched genomic libraryfor development of microsatellite markers in Luffacylindrica. Gene Conservation 14: 30-41

133. Tyagi RK and A Agrawal (2015) Revisedgenebank standards for management of plantgenetic resources. Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 157–165.

134. Udaya Sankar A, K Anitha, N Sivaraj, KVSMeena Kumari, N Sunil and S K Chakrabarty(2015) Screening of horse gram germplasmcollected from Andhra Pradesh againstanthracnose. Legume Res. Online ISSN: 0976-0571.

135. Upadhyay BK, SC Dubey, R Singh and A Tripathi(2015) Diversity analysis and comparison of ITSand SCAR based molecular markers to detectRhizoctonia solani using conventional and real-time PCR. J. Pure Appl. Microbiol. 9: 1281-1293.

136. Vanaja M, GR Maruthi Shankar, N Jyothi Lakshmi,M Maheswari, SK Yadav, P Vagheera, SK AbdulRazak, B Abraham, G Vijaya Kumar and BVenkateswarlu (2015) Genotypic variation forgrowth and yield response at two Elevated levelsof CO

2 and three seasons in blackgram (Vigna

mungo). Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 321-330.


137. Verma N, SS Ranga, JK Yasin, S Kumar and AKSingh (2015) Chickpea genetic resources toenhance production in changing climatic scenario.Legume Res. 38: 710-713.

138. Vijay MK, S Pandey and CD Pandey (2015)Impact of drying methods, moisture content andaging on seed protein profile of sorghum [Sorghumbicolor (L.) Moench]. Ann. Biol. 31: 215-219.

139. Vijay MK, S Pandey, CD Pandey and J Yasin(2015) Impact of drying methods on the seed qualityof sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench).African J. Agril. Res. 10: 1898-1903.

140. Yadav R, R Singh, S Kumar, TV Prasad, RBharadwaj, V Kaur, A Pedapati and A Kumar(2015) Genetic diversity among indigenousgermplasm of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)using agro-morphological and phenological traits.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci.DOI 10.1007/s40011-015-0689-4.

141. Yasin JK (2015) Intra cellular pH flux and cyclosisin plant cells under abiotic stress. J. Agril. Search2: 150-151

142. Yasin JK and KM Seema (2015) Role ofrabgtpases and its interacting molecules in stresstolerance. Intl. J. Sci. Res. 4: 1228-1232.

143. Yasin JK, RChoudhary, HTyagi and AK Singh(2015) Apomixis: The molecular perspectives andits utilization in crop breeding. J. Agril. Search.2: 153-161.

21.15.2 Authored /edited book

1. Bansal KC, S Archak, DP Semwal, S Pandey andBS Phogat (2015) Utilization of ex-situ collectionsand climate analogues for enhancing adaptivecapacity to climate change, ICAR-NBPGR, NewDelhi, 96 p.

2. Kaur Vikender, S Singh and CL Goswami (2015)Interactive effects of heat and drought on wheatin semiarid tropics. Lambert Academic Publishing,Germany. ISBN 978-3-659-36994-0, 120 p.

3. Nandagopal V and TV Prasad (2015) Pheromonesuse in field and storage. Satish Serial PublishingHouse, Delhi, ISBN 9789385055447, 310 p.

4. Singh Mohar and HD Upadhyaya (2015) Geneticand genomic resources for cereals improvement.Academic Press ISBN: 978-0-12-802000-5, 364p.

21.15.3 Chapters in books, Review Articles,Proceedings, Bulletin, Manuals etc.

1. Agrawal RC, P Brahmi and RK Mishra (2015)Country status report in the final report of the projectenhancing understanding and implementation of theInternational Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources forfood and agriculture in Asia, FAO Publication, pp66-74.

2. Bansal R, J Kumari, V Kaur and VP Singh (2015)High throughput phenotyping for abiotic stresstolerance. In:Hemantaranjan A (ed.) Advancesin Plant Physiology. 16th Edition, ScientificPublishers, pp 21-38.

3. Chaudhury R and SK Malik (2015)Cryopreservation of germplasm with specialreference to non-orthodox seeds, comprisingintermediate and recalcitrant species. In: JacobSR, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani,A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, J Aravind, IS Bishtand RK Tyagi (eds.) Management of PlantGenetic Resources. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi,India, pp 205-210.

4. Chaudhury R and SK Malik (2015)Micropropagation in temperate fruits and nuts. In:Proc. National Conference on Temperate Fruitsand Nuts: A Way Forward for EnhancingProductivity and Quality. ICAR-CITH, Srinagar,J&K, pp 301-306.

5. Dikshit N, G Katna, CS Mohanty, AB Das and NSivaraj (2014) Horsegram. In: M. Singh et al.(eds.), Broadening the Genetic Base of GrainLegumes. Springer-Verlag, Germany, pp 209-215.

6. Dutta M, BS Phogat, S Kumar, N Kumar, JKumari, AC Pandey, TP Singh, RK Tyagi, SRJacob, K Srinivasan, G Kumari, T Aftab, YS Rathi,AK Singh, S Archak, KV Bhat, DC Bhandari, YPS Solanki, D Singh and KC Bansal (2015)Development of core set of wheat (Triticum spp.)germplasm conserved in National Genebank inIndia. In: OgiharaY, S Takumi and H Handa (eds.)Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome toField, Part II, Springer, Japan. pp 33-45.

7. Gupta V (2015) Seed macro-morphology – a toolfor seed identification in medicinal plants. In:Dhiman KS, MM Padhi, A Mangal and N Srikanth(eds.) Recent Trends in Good Agricultural andCollection Practices for Medicinal Plants with


Special Focus on Identification and ValueAddition. Central Council for Research inAyurveda and Siddah, New Delhi, pp 105-116.

8. Kak A (2015) Registration and conservation ofunique plant germplasm. In: Jacob SR, N Singh,K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani, A Kak, CPandey, S Pandey, J Aravind, IS Bisht and RKTyagi (eds.) Management of Plant GeneticResources, National Bureau of Plant GeneticResources, New Delhi, pp 243-247.

9. Kallamadi PR, K Dandu, S Hebbar, P Kumar andR Bellamkonda (2015) Proteomic perspectives onunderstanding plant stress response. In: RecentAdvance in Plant Stress Physiology. AstralPublication, New Delhi, pp 473-506.

10. Kallamadi PR, K Dandu, S Hebbar, P Kumar andR Bellamkonda (2015) Proteomic perspectives onunderstanding plant stress response. In: RecentAdvance in Plant Stress Physiology. AstralPublication, New Delhi, 473-506 p.

11. Kandan A, J Akhtar, B Singh, Z Khan, A Pedapatiand PC Agarwal (2015) Biological control of seedand soil-borne plant pathogens by fluorescentpseudomonads. In: PC Trivedi (ed.) Seed qualityproduction, diseases and quarantine, AavishkarPublishers, Jaipur. pp 120-135.

12. Kaur V, R Yadav, TP Singh, J Kumari and AKumari (2015) Perspectives of drought tolerancein wheat: Morpho-physiological, biochemical andmolecular approaches. In: Behl RK, AP Singh,AB Lal and G Haesaert (eds.), Production andprocessing of food crops for value addition:Technology and genetic options, Agrobios(International) Agro House, Jodhpur, Rajasthan,India, pp 47-65.

13. Kaur V, R Bansal, A Kumari and S Singh (2015)Non-invasive phenotyping and phenomics fordissection of abiotic stress tolerance: Imageanalysis and computer vision. In: RK Behl, RaviBhatia, Bhoop Singh, Manupriya Hasija, VinodKhatkar, Sandeep Deswal (eds.) Vistas inComputer Aided Agri-Bio-EngineeringTechnologies Agrobios (International) AgroHouse, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, pp 55-74.

14. Malik SK, R Chaudhury and IP Singh (2015)Cryobanking of Citrus genetic resources of India.

In: Proc. National Symposium on SustainableCitrus Production: Way Forward. ICAR-CCRI,Nagpur, pp 50-58.

15. Malik SK, R Chaudhury, AP Singh and P Varshney(2015) Cryobanking procedures and inventorysystem in cryogenebank. In: SR Jacob, N Singh,K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani, A Kak, CPandey, S Pandey, J Aravind, IS Bisht and RKTyagi (eds.) Management of Plant GeneticResources. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, India, pp219-226.

16. Mishra RK, HK Sahu and RC Misra (2015)Diversity and biomass of macrophytes inPadmatola wetland, Balasore district, Odisha. In:Sahu et al (eds.) Biodiversity Conservation,Research and Management Himalaya,Publishing House, Mumbai, pp 90-94.

17. Murugesan P and P Anitha (2015) Plant geneticResources conservation and Management. In: KPalanisamy, M Maria Dominic Savio, DThangamani, RS Prashanth (eds.) TrainingManual for Forest Genetic ResourceManagement For Indian Forest ServiceOfficers. Institute of Forest Genetics and TreeBreeding, Coimbatore, pp 218-231

18. Pandey C and S Pandey (2015) Seed drying andpackaging methods for long term storage. In:Jacob SR, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, JRadhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, JAravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (eds.)Management of Plant Genetic Resources.National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, NewDelhi, pp 176-181.

19. Pandey C, S Pandey, J Aravind and RK Tyagi(2015) Strategies for conservation of vegetablesgenetic resources. In: M Kalia and S Arpita (eds.)Advances in Improvement of vegetable cropsusing biotechnological approaches. Division ofVegetable Sciences, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, pp10-20.

20. Pedapati A, A Kandan, SK Yadav, AK Singh andBVimala (2015) Biocontrol a new trend inminimizing postharvest diseases of fruits andvegetables In:Plant Diseases and theirSustainable Management, Biotech Books, NewDelhi, pp 99-111


21. Radhamani J, J Aravind and A Pandey (2015)Conservation and management of endemic andthreatened plant species in India: An overview.In: Plant Biology and Biotechnology, SpringerIndia, pp 461-486.

22. Radhamani, J. Rita Rani and N Dabral (2015)Information Management system in Genebank In:SR Jacob, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, JRadhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, JAravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (eds.) NationalBureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi,pp 31-33.

23. Singh Neeta (2015) Principles and procedures forlong term conservation of orthodox seeds In: SRJacob, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, JRadhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, JAravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (eds.)Management of Plant Genetic Resources.NBPGR, New Delhi, pp 159-161.

24. Singh, MC (2015) Predicting invasive plants usingweed risk assessment In: Sushil Kumar et al.(eds.) Training Manual on Recent Advances inWeed Management. Directorate of WeedScience Research, Jabalpur, pp 91-96.

25. Sunil N and SR Pandravada (2015) Alien cropresources and underutilized species for food andnutritional Security of India. Plant Biology andBiotechnology. In: B Bahadur, M Venkata Rajam,S Leela and KV Krishnamurthy (eds.) Volume I:Plant diversity, organization, function andimprovement, Springer India, pp 757-776.

26. Trivedi AK and A Hemantaranjan (2015)Applications and Techniques of LiquidChomatography Mass Spectrometry forProteomics, In: A Hemantaranjan (ed.) Advancesin Plant Physiology, Vol. 16, Scientific Publishers(India), Jodhpur, pp 1-20.

27. Trivedi AK and A Hemantaranjan (2015).Significance of post-translational modifications forProteomic Research, In: A Hemantaranjan (ed.)Advances in Plant Physiology, Vol. 16, ScientificPublishers (India), Jodhpur, pp 271-288.

28. Wankhede DP, A Pattnaik, SS Mishra, NB Das,SS Marla, KV Bhat, SKumar, AK Singh, SRajkumar and R Kumar (2015) Brief Insight intoICE1 (Inducer of CBF Expression 1) from

Temperate, Subtropical and Tropical Crop Plantto Understand Cold Tolerance, pp 7-27.

21.15.4 Research Bulletins/Information Bulletin/Brochures

1. Chalam VC, DB Parakh, and AK Maurya (2015)Tomato ring spot virus: A quarantine pest forIndia. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, India. 4 p.

2. Chalam VC, DB Parakh, R Sharma and AK Maurya(2015) Barley stripe mosaic virus: A quarantinepest for India. ICAR-NBPGR, India, 4 p.

3. Kak A and RK Tyagi (2015) Inventory ofRegistered Crop Germplasm (2010-2014). ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, 103 p.

4. Pandravada SR, B Sarath Babu, N Sivaraj, VKamala, B Abraham, K Rameash, K Anitha, andSK Chakrabarty (2015) Saamaajika vittanabyankulu (Community Seed Banks).ICAR-NBPGR, Regional Station, Hyderabad, 4 p.

5. Randhawa GJ and M Singh (2015) DNA-basedDiagnostics for GM Crops: Technologies andKnowledge Sharing. ICAR-NBPGR, NewDelhi, 10 p.

6. Singh YP, SP Singh, P Sharma, D Singh and RSingh (2015) Fasal utpadan mein kitnashko kesurakshit aur parbhavi upyog (in Hindi), ICAR-DRMR, 28 p.

7. Singh YP, SP Singh, P Sharma, D Singh and RSingh (2015) Safe and effective use of pesticidesin field crops.ICAR-DRMR, 26 p.

21.15.5 Plant Germplasm Reporter

1. Bhatt KC, A Pandey, ER Nayar, K Pradheep, DPSemwal, SK Sharma, NS Panwar, R Gupta and OPDhariwal (2015) Plant Germplasm Reporter-2014(Indigenous Collections). ICAR-NBPGR, NewDelhi. 65 p.

21.15.6 Popular/Technical Articles

1. Akhtar J (2015) Quarantine for safe trans-boundary exchange of oilseeds and vegetablesBrassicas. In: Lecture Notes of ICAR-sponsoredwinter school on new paradigms in diseasesmanagement: conventional and molecularapproaches for rapeseed-mustard productionduring 09-29 December 2015 at ICAR-DRMR,Bharatpur, pp 36-42.


2. Arya RR, SK Verma and AK Trivedi (2015)Parvatiya Kshetron Mein Neembu Kul KiBagwani. Kisan Bharti. 46: 7-10.

3. Bharathi LK, K Joseph John, HS Singh, P Srinivasand PS Sivakumar (2015) Tapping edible andmedicinal potential of sweet gourd. IndianHorticul. May-June 9-11.

4. Chand Dinesh, N Dikshit, N Sivaraj and ADSharma (2015) Exploiting resistance gene ofCucumis sativus L. var. hardwickii germplasmin Cucumber improvement. Biotech Articles, pp34-37

5. Joseph John K, M Abdul Nizar, M Latha and ASuma (2015) Lakshmitharu – SwargeeyaVriksham? (in Malayalam) Kerala Karshakan.61: 34.

6. Joseph John K, M Abdul Nizar, M Latha and RAsokan Nair (2015) Yadhartha MangosteenThirichariyamo? (in Malayalam) KeralaKarshakan.61: 20-21.

7. Kak A and RK Tyagi (2015) Plant germplasmregistration notice. Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour.28: 356-370.

8. Khan Z, J Akhtar, R Kumar and NK Gautam(2015) Eco-friendly management of root-knotnematodes and Fusarium wilt by plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria in vegetable crops. IndianFarmers’ Digest. 48: 7-8.

9. Kumar P and S Kumar (2015) Hidden face ofscience. Scientific India. 3: 32.

10. Kumar P, J Akhtar, A Kandan and D Chand (2015)Seed health testing for better crop production.Scientific India. 3: 36.

11. Kumari J, HK Dikshit, R Bansal, K Kumari and MAski (2015) Sustainable yield of pulses in changingclimate condition using short duration varieties.Popular Kheti. 3: 6-11

12. Misra RC and G Das (2015) KarpuraTulasi(Ocimum kilimandscharicum): A bio-pesticide and medicinal plant discovered fromOdisha. Emerging Science. 7: 35-38.

13. Misra RC and DR Pani (2015) A new plant recordof multipurpose legume explored from Odisha.Emerging Science. 7: 28-31.

14. Misra RC and HK Sahoo (2015) Wild bitter gourd(Buru kirla): A food plant discovered fromOdisha. Emerging Science. 7: 32-34.

15. Muraleedhar A, HK Dikshit, D Singh, L Prasadand J Kumari (2015) Scientific cultivation ofmungbean for nutritional security in India. PopularKheti. 3: 18-27.

16. Negi KS, SN Ojha, SS Koranga, A Rayal and PSMehta (2015) Sweet Basil Ki Saundarya Udyogmein Badti Maang. Kheti. 66: 18-22.

17. Negi, KS and A Rayal (2015) Aushadiya Gunose Bharpur Satawar ki kheti. Kheti. 66: 25-27.

18. Pandravada SR and P Senguttuvel (2015)Exploration and gene-pool sampling of endemicrice (Oryza sativa L.) genetic resources frombio-diversity rich pockets of Karnataka. IIRR NewsLetter. p 8.

19. Pradheep K and PK Singh (2015) Diversity ofpumpkins from Meghalaya. Rashtriya Krishi. 10:103-104.

20. Pradheep K, Soyimchiten, A Pandey and SPAhlawat (2015) Leafy vegetables of Nagaland forgermplasm collection. ICAR News. 21: 8-9.

21. Roy Somnath, JP Tyagi, R Singh, AK Misra andKC Bansal (2015) Maize landraces fromMizoram. ICAR News. 21: 6.

22. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Aruguna ebamKandha Adivasi (Odia): Cycas circinalis L. andKandha tribe. In: Satpathy P and Rao YG (eds.)Bana Barata. 68: 23-24.

23. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Ashoka BrukhyaO Ehara Upakarita (Odia): Ashoka tree and itsusefulness. In: P Satapathy and YG Rao (eds.) BanaBarata. 68: 25-26.

24. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Eka UpakariUdvida: Kaincha (Odia): An useful medicinal plant:Indian liquorice (Abrus precatorius L.). In: PSatpathy and YG Rao (eds.) Bana Barata. 68:26-27.

25. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Brahmi: EkaMulyaban Aushadhiya Udvida (Odia): Bacopamonnieri: A valuable medicinal plant. In: PSatpathy and YG Rao (eds.) Bana Barata. 69:23-24.


26. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Patala Garuda:Eka Biparna Aushadhiya Udvida (Odia):Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth ex Kurz: Anendangered medicinal plant. In: P Satpathy andYG Rao (eds.) Bana Barat. 68: 24-25.

27. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Wild food plantsused by tribes of Baisipalli wildlife sanctuary,Odisha, India. Emerging Science. 7: 25-29.

28. Singh SP, S Kumar, G Singh and BS Tomar (2015)Rai-Sarson ki fasal me keet niyantran (in Hindi).Kisan Vikas Sahyog. pp 4-6.

29. Singh SP, S Kumar, G Singh and BS Tomar (2015)Samekit keet, Bimari evam Kharpatwar keparbandhan dwara gannae ki fasal se adhikutpadan (in Hindi). Kisan Vikas Sahyog. pp 17-21.

30. Singh SP, S Kumar, G Singh and SS Dhaka (2015)Aam me samekit keet parbandhan (in Hindi).MACKrishi Jagran. 20: 57-58.

31. Sharma R, M Singh, A Jain and GJ Randhawa(2015) PCR-based diagnostics for geneticallymodified eggplant and potato. In: J Food ProcessTechnol Volume 6, Issue 10 (Food India 2015,Omics International, October 08-10, 2015), p 91.

32. Sultan SM (2015) Popular rice landraces ofKashmir. ICAR News. 21: 6.

33. Kumar S, J Kumari, R Bansal, BR Kuri, AK Singh,DP Wankhede, J Akhtar and Z Khan (2015) Slowrusting – an effective way to achieve durableresistance against leaf rust in wheat. Electronicwheat information system. eWIS-120, pp 26-34.

34. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Impact of Agro-biodiversity on Food Security and Farmer’sProsperity. Indian Farmer’s Digest. 48: 16-18

35. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) NaturalDisasters: Earthquake, its causes and countermeasures. Farmer’s Digest. 48: 34-36.

36. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Niglat Ki KiwiCharche Nagaland Tak. Dainik Jagran. p 6.

37. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Sinthiya SchoolKe Chhatron Ne Jani Grafting Taqnik. AmarUjala. p 10.

38. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Success Story -Diversity of crops: Boon for Farmers. IndianFarmer’s Digest. 48: 35, 44.

39. Trivedi AK, SK Verma and RR Arya (2015)Parvatiya Kshetron Mein Kiwi Phal Utpadan SeAdhik Amadani. Phal Phul. 36: 20-21.

40. Trivedi AK, SK Verma and RR Arya (2015)Safalata Ki Kahani - Palarodhi Kagazi Nimbu SeNandan Ne Kamaya Labh. Kisan Bharti.46: 12.

41. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, G Lal and RR Arya (2015)Aru se Adhik Utpadan. Phal Phul. 36: 27-30.

42. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, KS Negi and PS Mehta(2015) Gehun Ki 1371 Kismo Ki Kundali HogiTaiyar. Dainik Jagran (Haldwani). p 4.

43. Verma SK, AK Trivedi, RR Arya and R Joshi(2015) Uttarakhandi Pahari Nimbu – IC319067.Nanda Devi Smarika. pp 31-35.

44. vatw tSu( ¼2015½ gYnh% ,d peRdkfjd vkS"kf/k- In:

likbl bafM;k&Likbl cksMZ] okf.kT; ,oa m|ksx ea=ky;]Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk izdkf'kr ekfld if=dk- 27 (8):10-16.

21.15.7 Manuals/Teaching Aids

1. Jacob Sherry, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, JRadhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, JAravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (2015)Management of Plant Genetic Resources, NationalBureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi,323 p.

2. Pandey A, K Pradheep and R Gupta (2015)Manual on National Herbarium of CultivatedPlants. NBPGR, New Delhi, 50 p + i-vi.

3. Pradheep K, A Pandey, KC Bhatt, SP Ahlawat,DP Semwal and KC Bansal (2015) Crop WildRelatives: Identification, Collecting andUtilization. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, 320 p.

21.15.8 Genebank Submissions

1. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil,DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusariumsolani strain FS1 beta-tubulin gene, partial cds.301 bp linear DNA. Accession: KR071140.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KR071140.1.

2. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil,DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusariumsolani strain FS1 18S ribosomal RNA gene, partialsequence; internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8Sribosomal RNA gene, and internal transcribedspacer 2, complete sequence; and 28S ribosomal


RNA gene, partial sequence. 591 bp linear DNA.Accession: KR071141.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ KR071141.1.

3. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil,DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lycopersici strain FOL1 beta-tubulin gene, partial cds. 385 bp linear DNA.Accession: KR071142.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ nuccore/ KR071142.1.

4. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil,DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lycopersici strain FOL1translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene, partialcds. 550 bp linear DNA. Accession: KR071143.1.h t tp : / /www.ncb i .n lm.n ih .gov /nuccore /KR071143.1.

5. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil,DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lycopersici strain FOL1 18Sribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internaltranscribed spacer 1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene,and internal transcribed spacer 2, completesequence; and 28S ribosomal RNA gene, partialsequence. 494 bp linear DNA. Accession:KR071144.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KR071144.1.

6. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil,DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusariumsolani strain FS1 translation elongation factor 1alpha gene, partial cds. 281 bp linear DNA.Accession: KR071145.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KR071145.1.

7. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015)Paenibacillus sp. B1 16S ribosomal RNA gene,partial sequence. 1390 bp linear DNA. Accession:KT359571.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KT359571.1.


9. Kandan A, S Varthika D and Pal (2015)Paenibacillus sp. B3 16S ribosomal RNA gene,partial sequence. 1360 bp linear DNA. Accession:KT359573.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KT359573.1.


11. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015) Ralstoniasolanacearum strain B5 16S ribosomal RNAgene, partial sequence. 1317 bp linear DNA.Accession: KT359576.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KT359576.1.

12. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015) Ralstoniasolanacearum strain B4 16S ribosomal RNAgene, partial sequence. 1326 bp linear DNA.Accession: KT359575.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KT359575.1.

13. Kaur V, P Pranusha, SK Vinjamuri, SK Yadav,DP Wankhede, JC Rana and V Chinnusamy(2015) Cloning of MIZ1 gene involved inhydrotropism from rice genotype Rasi, completesequence 992 bp linear DNA. Accession:KT285512.

14. Kaur V, P Pranusha,Vinjamuri, SK Yadav, DPWankhede, JC Rana, and V Chinnusamy, (2015)Cloning of MIZ1 gene involved in hydrotropismfrom rice variety, Pusa Sugandh 5, completesequence 1004 bp linear DNA. Accession:KT306830.

15. Kaur V, SK Yadav, DP Wankhede, JC Rana andV Chinnusamy (2015) Cloning of gene involvedin hydrotropism from rice variety Pusa1121,complete sequence 992 bp linear DNA.Accession: KT285509.

16. Kaur V, SK Yadav, DP Wankhede, JC Rana andV Chinnusamy (2015) Cloning of MIZ1 fromdrought tolerant rice variety Nagina22, completesequence 868 bp linear mRNA. Accession:KT285510.

17. Kaur V, SK Yadav, DP Wankhede, JC Rana andV Chinnusamy (2015) Cloning of MIZ1 geneinvolved in hydrotropism from rice variety CR262-4, complete sequence 868 bp linear mRNA.Accession: KT285511.

18. Kumar P, J Akhtar, A Kandan, SC Dubey, A Guptaand K Pradheep (2015) Alternaria atra strainPUA1 beta-tubulin gene, partial cds 346bp linearDNA Accession: gi|949802686 |gb|KT899997.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/949802686.


19. Marla S (2015) Pigeon pea RGAs (10 nos,containing NBS-LRR) showing resistancereaction to Fusarium wilt disease: KC966926.1,KC966925.1, KC966925.1, KC966923.1,KC966922.1, KC966921.1, KF130786.1,KF130785.1, KF130784.1, KF130783.1.

20. Mondal (2015) Discovery of small RNA fromMaize NCBI SRA Accession: PRJNA271417.

21. Mondal (2015) Discovery of smallRNA fromOryza coarctataNCBI SRA Accession:PRJNA271658.

22. Mondal (2015) Genone wide miRNA-SSR markerof rice NCBI Probe: Pr032298077 toPr032298063

23. Mondal (2015) Salt responsive gene specificmarker of rice NCBI probe: Pr032302526-Pr032302544.

24. Mondal TK and SA Ganie (2015) Cloning andcharacterization of 7 salt responsive genes ofOryza coarctata. NCBI gene bank ID: KP330207[SOS2 gene], KP330206 [SOS3 gene], KP330205[eIF5a gene], KM349311 [E3 ubiquitin-proteinligase], KM349310 [ASR gene], KM349309 [salTgene], KM349308 [DREB2A gene].

21.15.9 e-publications

1. Akhtar J, A Kandan, P Kumar and M Malik (2015)DNA barcoding: a potential supplement toconventional taxonomy for species identification.http://www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research-Art ic le /DNA-Barcoding-For-Taxonomy-for-Species-Identification-3426.html.

2. Baite MS, SC Dubey, BK Upadhyay and ATripathi (2015) ITS region sequences of 13 isolatesof Ascochyta rabiei causing blight in chickpea.Accessions: KT962075 to KT962087. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ KT962075 toKT962087.

3. Bansal R, J Kumari, R Bhardwaj and S Kumar(2015) Wheat biofortification: Progress andchallenges. Wheat Inf. Serv. 120,www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/ewisp. pp 34-39.

4. Chand D, N Dikshit , N Sivaraj and A D Sharma(2015) Exploiting resistance gene of Cucumissativus L. var. hardwickii germplasm inCucumber improvement.

www.biotecharticles.com/Authors/0/Dr-Dinesh-Chand-37676.html

5. Chaudhary S, BK Mishra, V Thiruvettai, SKMagadum and JK Yasin (2015) PineElm_SSRdb:A database for pineapple microsatellite markersidentified from genomic, chloroplast,mitrochondrial and EST sequences of (Ananascomosus (L.) Merrill). http://bioelm.com

6. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015)Effect of beneficial microorganisms against theimpact of global climate change. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/C l ima te -Change-Ef fec t -o f -Benef i c i a l -Microorganisms-3411.html.

7. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015)Functions of miRNA during host-pathogeninteractions – An overview. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research-Article/Functions-of-miRNAs-During-Host-Pathogen-Interactions-An-Overview-3434.html.

8. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015)High resolution melting analysis method forsensitive detection of plant pathogens. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research-Article/HRMA-Method-for-Sensitive-Detection-of-Plant-Pathogens-3424.html.

9. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015)In-depth studies of plant pathogen interactionsusing proteomic approaches. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research-Article/Plant-Pathogen-Interactions-using-Proteomic-Approaches-3436.html.

10. Kandan A, Akhtar J, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015)Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay forthe detection of plant pathogens. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Loop-Mediated-Isothermal-Amplification-Assay-for-the-Detection-of-Plant-Pathogens-3423.html.

11. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015)Plant cell wall degrading enzymes of fungi and itsrole in pathogenesis. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Plant-Cell-Wall-Degrading-Enzymes-of-Fungi-and-its-Role-in-Pathogenesis-3427.html.

12. Khan Z and BH Gawade (2015) Biodiversity ofsoil nematodes and their role in agriculture. http:/


/www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Biodiversity-of-Soil-Nematodes-and-their-role-in-Agriculture-3433.html.

13. Khan Z, BH Gawade and A Kandan (2015)Resistant cultivars: An option for environment-friendly management of plant parasitic nematodes.http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Resistant-Cultivars-Environment-friendly-Management-of-Plant-Parasitic-Nematodes-3438.html.

14. Khan Z, BH Gawade and A Kandan (2015) Roleof beneficial organisms in the management ofbiotic stress and growth of vegetable crops. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Beneficial-Organisms-for-Vegetable-Crops-Growth-and-Biotic-Stress-Management-3430.html.

15. Khan Z, BH Gawade, A Kandan and NK Gautam(2015) Effect of medicinal plant materials onefficacy of biocontrol agents used against soilborne plant pathogens. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Use-of-Medicinal-Plant-Materials-with-a-Biocontrol-Agent-for-the-Management-of-Soil-Borne-Plant-Disease.

16. Khan Z (2015) Cyanobacteria for Managementof plant parasitic nematodes. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Cyanobacteria-for-Management-of-Plant-Parasitic-Nematodes-3435.html.

17. Kumar P, J Akhtar, A Kandan, SC Dubey, A Guptaand K Pradheep (2015). Alternaria atra strainPUA1 beta-tubulin gene, partial cds 346bp linearDNA Accession: gi|949802686|gb|KT899997.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/949802686.

18. Kumar P, A Kandan, J Akhtar and Dinesh Chand(2015) Alternaria Toxins: impacts on Plants andAnimals. www.biotecharticles.com/Authors/0/Pradeep-Kumar-37670.html.

19. Kumar P, A Kandan, J Akhtar and D Chand (2015)Atlernaria toxins: Impacts on plants and animals.http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Atlernaria-Toxins-Impacts-on-Plants-and-Animals-3440.html

20. Kumar P, A Kandan, J Akhtar, BH Gawade andA Gupta (2015) Nigrospora oryzae: Anendophyte of potential application in agriculture.

http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Nigrospora-Oryzae-An-Endophyte-of-Potential-Application-in-Agriculture-3425.html

21. Kumar S, A K Singh, R Bansal, J Kumari, S Yadavand M Grover (2015) Screening plant geneticresources for novel alleles in cereals.www.biotechart icles .com/Category/4-0/Genetics.html.

22. Kumar S, J Kumari, R Bansal, BR Kuri, AK Singh,DP Wankhede, J Akhtar and Z Khan (2015) Slowrusting-an effective way to achieve durableresistance against leaf rust in wheat. Wheat Inf.Serv. 120, www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/ewis. pp 26-34

23. Mondal TK (2015) miRNA-Based SimpleSequence Repeats Markers for DNAFingerprinting of Plants. Biotechnology Article2(1) published on line.

24. Ram C, BS Panwar, L Arya and M Verma (2015)EST based molecular markers. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research-Article/EST-Based Molecular-Markers-3300.html

25. Trivedi AK (2015) Connotation of biotechnologyin plant genetic resources management. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Connotation-of-Biotechnology-in-Plant-Genetic-Resources-Management-3363.html).

26. Trivedi AK (2015) Cultivation practices, nutritionalvalue, uses and suitable varieties of almond forcentral Himalayan region. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Almond-Cultivation-Uses-and-Varieties-3370.html).

27. Trivedi AK (2015) Landslides: a major naturaldisaster in central himalayan region, causes andprevention. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Landslides-Causes-and-Preven t ion-A-Major -Natura l -Disas te r -3374.html).

28. Trivedi AK (2015) Production of quality plantingmaterial of horticultural crops: precautions andopportunities. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Production-of-Quality-Planting-Material-of-Horticultural-Crops-3367.html).

29. Trivedi AK (2015) Significance of agro-biodiversity in the food security of centralhimalayan region. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/


Food-Security-in-Central-Himalayan-Region-Agro-Biodiversity-3364.html).

30. Trivedi AK (2015). Food security through on farmconservation of agro-biodiversity. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Food-Security-through-On-Farm-Conservation-of-Agro-biodiversity-3368.html).

21.15.10 Reports

1. Raiger HL, BS Phogat, S Sheelamary, MC Singh,SK Yadav, TV Prasad, M Khabiruddin, YSDhaliwal and KC Bansal (2015) Kharif Report2015. All India Coordinated Research Networkon Potential Crop, NBPGR, New Delhi. 247 p.

2. Raiger HL, BS Phogat, S Sheelamary, MC Singh,SK Yadav, TV Prasad, M Khabiruddin and KCBansal (2015) Progress Report Rabi 2014-15. AllIndia Coordinated Research Network on PotentialCrop, NBPGR, New Delhi. 178 p.

21.15.11 Software

1. Aravind J, J Radhamani, K Srinivasan, BASubhash and RK Tyagi (2015) PGRdup: DiscoverProbable Duplicates in Plant Genetic Resources(PGR) Collections. R package version 0.2.

21.16 Intellectual Property and TechnologyManagement

21.16.1 IP portfolio of NBPGR: IP portfolio ofNBPGR includes three patents and three copyrights.Three patent applications were filed during 2015 andfive copyright applications are pending with copyrightoffice, New Delhi.

NBPGR maintained three patents through the year 2015all in the area of transgene detection:

Three patent applications for an extraction assembly andits parts were filed

S.No. Application number Patent Number

1. 3451/DEL/2005 dated 23/12/2005 2457492. 3530/DEL/2005 dated 30/12/2005 2543413. 2069/DEL/2006 dated 20/09/2006 258165

Title Patent applicationnumber

A SOXHLET EXTRACTOR 4279/DEL/2015A REUSABLE MULTIPURPOSE

EXTRACTION THIMBLE APPARATUS 4278/DEL/2015CENTRALLY FUNNELLED VALVED

OR NON-VALVED CONDENSER 4277/DEL/2015

ICAR-NBPGR transferred a bouquet of technologies relatedto PCR based GM detection to DSS Imagetech Pvt. Ltd.The transfer was facilitated by Agrinnovate India Ltd.,and the agreement was signed on August 19, 2015.

NBPGR owns five copyrights till 2015 all in the area ofsoftware development:

S.No. Registration No. Registration dated

1. SW-3278/2006 06/12/20062. L-30267/2008 27/03/20083. L-32399/2009 26/03/20094. SW-7727/2014 02/04/20145 SW-8439/2015 09/10/2015

21.16.2 Processing of plant variety registrationapplications to PPV&FRA: NBPGR facilitatesprocessing applications for varietal registration withPPV&FRA received from ICAR institutes, SAUs,Farmers, etc. As on 31 Dec 2015, as many as 1051applications have been processed by the Bureau. In2015, a total of 13 applications were processed of whichnine were extant varieties, four were new varieties.

21.16.3 Technology transfer: Five technologiesrelated to PCR based GM detection developed by Dr(Mrs.) Gurinder Jit Randhawa, Principal Scientist,Division of Genomic Resources were available fortransfer. Agrinnovate facilitated the transfer of thesetechnologies to DSS Imagetech and an agreement wassigned on August 19, 2015. The technologies were valuedby Agrinnovate at Rupees 15 Lakh plus 4% royalty ongross sales.

Memorandum of Agreement was signed and exchanged,for five cost-efficient/rapid GMO screening technologies:

• Hexaplex PCR targeting six marker genes (nptII,aadA, bar, hpt, pat and uidA)

• Duplex TaqMan real-time PCR targeting P-35S andT-nos

• Visual Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification(LAMP)-based technology targeting eight transgenicelements (P-35S, T-nos, aadA, nptII, uidA,cry1Ac, cry2Ab and cp4-epsps)


GA21, MON810, NK603 and TC1507 in an unknownseed powder sample.

C. Participated in the Inter-laboratoryComparison Program conducted by ARBROPharmaceuticals Limited, New Delhi

• To test for two screening elements, CaMV 35Spromoter and nos terminator employing real-timePCR to check the GMO status of an unknown seedpowder sample of rice.

21.18 Distinguished Visitors

Hon’ble DDG (CS) ICAR Dr JS Sandhu and Hon’bleDirector, ICAR-NRRI, Cuttack Dr Trilochan Mohapatra

visited the NBPGR Cuttack on June 11, 2015

Visit of ADG (Seeds) to ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Shillong

ADG (Seeds) in the experimental fields of ICAR-NBPGR,RS, Shillong

21.17 Participation in InternationalComparative/ Proficiency Testings for QualityAssurance and Global Harmonization

One proficiency testing organized by the Grain Inspection,Packers Stockyards Administration (GIPSA), UnitedStates, Department of Agriculture (USDA):

• In April 2015, to check qualitatively the presence ofGM maize events, viz., T25, MON810, Bt11, NK603,TC1507, MON863, Herculex®RW, Event 3272,MON88017, MON89034 and MIR162 in four maizetest samples, and GM soy events, viz., RoundupReadyTM, Roundup ReadyTMII and DP305423, in twosoybean test samples; and to quantify the GM eventsdetected.

Z-score was within the expected range, i. e., within+2 to -2.

A. Two proficiency testings organized byEuropean Union Reference Laboratory(EURL) for GM Food and Feed, Joint ResearchCentre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy:

• In May, 2015, (a) for test sample 1 (food), to screenfor the presence of 16 GM maize events, 13 GMsoybean events, 6 GM oilseed rape events, and oneGM rice event.; (b) for test sample 2 (soybean flour),to screen for the presence of three GM soybeanevents, viz., 68416, A2704 and MON87705

• In August, 2015, (a) for test sample 1 (instant soup),to perform species identification for maize, soybean,oilseed rape and rice and to screen for the presenceof 16 GM maize events, 15 GM soybean events, 6GM oilseed rape events, and one GM rice event;(b) for test sample 2 (feed, soybean), to screen forthe presence of three GM soybean events, viz.,MON89788, 68416 and 81419.

B. One proficiency testing organized byLaboratório Nacional Agropecuário, Ministérioda Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento,Brazil

• To perform screening tests targeting 35S promoterand nos terminator and event—specific detection/quantification of six GM maize events, Bt11, Bt176,

• Real-time LAMP-based technology targetingtransgenic elements (P-35A, T-nos, aadA,nptII,uidA, cry1Ac, cry2Ab2 and cp4-epsps)

• TaqMan real-time PCR-based multi-target systemcovering 47 targets for screening

Shree Rama Ram Patel, MLA of Luni constituencyexamining the early maturing (50 days) and high

yielding genope of mungbean at RS, Jodhpur

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Annexure I


Results-Frame work Document (RFD)for National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources

(2014-2015)

Address: Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110 012Website ID: www.nbpgr.ernet.in

Section 1: Vision, Mission, Objectives and Functions

Vision

Facilitate availability of plant genetic and genomic resources for present and future use to enhance agriculturalproductivity.

Mission

Acquisition and management of plant genetic and genomic resources for food and agriculture, and to carry outrelated research and human resource development for sustainable growth of agriculture.

Objectives

1. Augmentation and conservation of genetic and genomic resources for sustainable use

2. Germplasm characterization, evaluation and supply to users

3. Information management on genetic and genomic resources

4. Knowledge management and HRD in PGR

Functions

- To plan, organize, conduct and coordinate exploration and collection of desired indigenous and exotic PGR.

- To undertake introduction, exchange and quarantine for augmenting PGR.

- To characterize, evaluate, document and conserve crop genetic resources and promote their use in collaborationwith other national organizations.

- To develop genomic resources and tools, to discover and validate the function of genes of importance to agricultureand to develop bioinformatics tools for enhanced utilization of genomic resources.

- To develop information network for effective utilization of PGR.

- To conduct research, undertake teaching and training, develop policy guidelines and create public awareness onPGR.

Annexure II

189ANNEXURE

Sec

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191ANNEXURE

Sec

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h.D

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octo

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Phi

loso

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193ANNEXURE

Sec

tion

4(b

): D

escr

iptio

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initi

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ind

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atio

n w

ill h

elp

prot

ect

the

Num

ber

of a

cces

sion

s/P

rovi

de I

PR

pro

tect

ion

prov

idin

g so

ft-pr

otec

tion

to t

rait

spec

ific

IPR

and

ben

efit

shar

ing,

if a

ny,

gene

tic s

tock

s re

gist

ered

to P

GR

mat

eria

l de

velo

ped

by b

reed

ers

and

out

of u

se o

f re

gist

ered

othe

r re

sear

cher

s by

its

regi

stra

tion

for

germ

plas

m i

n fu

ture

trai

ts o

f in

tere

st

4N

ew a

cces

sion

s co

nser

ved

New

add

ition

s in

ger

mpl

asm

Ex

situ

con

serv

atio

n in

Nat

iona

lN

umbe

r of

acc

essi

ons

Saf

e co

nser

vatio

n of

unde

r LT

Sac

cess

ions

are

con

serv

ed i

nge

neba

nk i

s im

med

iate

ans

wer

cons

erve

d in

Nat

iona

lP

GR

for

pre

sent

and

Nat

iona

l Gen

eban

k ex

situ

(i.e

.to

div

ersi

ty lo

ss f

rom

tra

ditio

nal

Gen

eban

kfu

ture

use

in S

eed

Gen

eban

k, C

ryob

ank

prod

uctio

n ar

eas

and

In v

itro

bank

)

5.R

egen

erat

ed a

cces

sion

sG

erm

plas

m a

cces

sion

s ar

e co

nser

ved

Ex

situ

con

serv

atio

n in

Nat

iona

lN

umbe

r of

acc

essi

ons

Saf

e co

nser

vatio

n of

cons

erve

din

Nat

iona

l Gen

eban

k ex

situ

(i.e

. in

gene

bank

is

imm

edia

te a

nsw

erco

nser

ved

in N

atio

nal

PG

R f

or p

rese

nt a

ndS

eed

Gen

eban

k, C

ryob

ank

and

Into

div

ersi

ty lo

ss f

rom

tra

ditio

nal

Gen

eban

kfu

ture

use

vitr

o ba

nk)

prod

uctio

n ar

eas

6.G

enom

ic r

esou

rces

Act

iviti

es in

volv

e ge

nera

tion,

acq

uisi

tion,

Gen

omic

res

ourc

es h

ave

seve

ral

Num

ber

of g

enom

icG

enom

e re

sour

cege

nera

ted,

val

idat

ed a

ndva

lidat

ion

and

cons

erva

tion

of g

enom

icus

es i

n P

GR

man

agem

ent

and

reso

urce

s ge

nera

ted,

repo

sito

ry s

uppo

rt e

ffort

sco

nser

ved

reso

urc

es

mol

ecul

ar g

enet

ics/

bree

ding

.va

lidat

ed a

ndin

bio

dive

rsity

and

The

se i

nclu

de m

olec

ular

mar

kers

,co

nser

ved

spec

ies

cons

erva

tion

ES

Ts,

gene

s, g

ene

cons

truc

ts,

geno

mic

lib

rarie

s, l

arge

ins

ert

libra

ries

etc.

7.G

erm

plas

m c

hara

cter

ized

Initi

al s

eed

mul

tiplic

atio

n of

col

lect

ed/

Ger

mpl

asm

cha

ract

eriz

atio

n,N

umbe

r of

acc

essi

ons

Effe

ctiv

e P

GR

intr

oduc

ed g

erm

plas

m w

ith l

ow s

eed

mai

nten

ance

of

activ

e co

llect

ions

char

acte

rized

mai

ntai

ned

ma

na

ge

me

nt

quan

tity;

for

char

acte

rizat

ion,

eva

luat

ion,

and

germ

plas

m s

uppl

y to

use

rsas

act

ive

colle

ctio

nsm

aint

enan

ce a

s ac

tive

colle

ctio

n, a

ndar

e m

ajor

PG

R m

anag

emen

tsu

pply

to

user

s (b

reed

ers

and

activ

ities

rese

arch

ers)


8.G

erm

plas

m e

valu

ated

Mul

tiplic

atio

n an

d re

gene

ratio

n of

see

dG

erm

plas

m r

egen

erat

ion,

Num

ber

of a

cces

sion

sE

ffect

ive

PG

Rac

cess

ions

are

req

uire

d fo

rch

arac

teriz

atio

n, m

aint

enan

ce o

fre

gene

rate

d, c

hara

cter

ized

ma

na

ge

me

nt

rege

nera

tion

(rej

uven

atio

n) o

f st

ored

activ

e co

llect

ions

and

ger

mpl

asm

and

mai

ntai

ned

as a

ctiv

esa

mpl

es;

initi

al s

eed

mul

tiplic

atio

n of

supp

ly t

o us

ers

are

maj

or P

GR

colle

ctio

nsco

llect

ed/in

trod

uced

ger

mpl

asm

with

man

agem

ent

activ

ities

low

see

d qu

antit

y; f

or c

hara

cter

izat

ion,

eval

uatio

n, m

aint

enan

ce a

s ac

tive

colle

ctio

n, a

nd s

uppl

y to

use

rs(b

reed

ers

and

rese

arch

ers)

9.G

enom

ic r

esou

rces

util

ized

Gen

omic

res

ourc

es h

ave

seve

ral

uses

Gen

etic

mar

kers

may

ass

ist

PG

RN

umbe

r of

gen

omic

in P

GR

man

agem

ent.

The

se a

re h

elpf

ulm

anag

emen

t, w

hich

whe

n pr

oper

lyre

sour

ces

used

in

for

expl

orin

g ge

netic

var

iatio

n, s

elec

ting

cond

ucte

d pr

ovid

es s

cien

tists

with

vario

us P

GR

man

agem

ent

trai

ts a

nd im

prov

ing

iden

tific

atio

n of

high

qua

lity

raw

gen

etic

mat

eria

lsan

d ot

her

rela

ted

activ

ities

pote

ntia

lly u

sefu

l ge

noty

pes

info

r an

alys

is a

nd b

reed

ing

segr

egat

ing

popu

latio

ns

10.

Fie

ld d

ays

orga

nize

dG

erm

plas

m f

ield

day

s ar

e or

gani

zed

atM

ater

ial

thus

sel

ecte

d w

ill b

e us

edN

umbe

r of

fie

ld d

ays

-N

BP

GR

hea

dqua

rter

s an

d its

reg

iona

lby

the

NA

RS

bre

eder

s in

cro

por

gani

zed

in e

ach

stat

ions

for

the

ben

efit

of b

reed

er a

ndim

prov

emen

tcr

oppi

ng s

easo

n/ a

nnua

llyot

her

rese

arch

ers

in e

very

cro

p se

ason

for

diffe

rent

cro

ps

11.

Ger

mpl

asm

sup

plie

d to

The

use

rs f

rom

NA

RS

sub

mit

inde

ntT

he e

x si

tu s

tore

d ge

rmpl

asm

Num

ber

of a

cces

sion

sF

acili

tatin

g us

e of

use

rsfo

r th

e ge

rmpl

asm

of

thei

r in

tere

st a

ndne

eds

to b

e ef

fect

ivel

y us

ed in

supp

lied

to d

iver

se u

sers

germ

plas

m i

n cr

opth

e sa

me

are

supp

lied

to t

hem

for

use

crop

im

prov

emen

tin

NA

RS

.im

prov

emen

tin

cro

p im

prov

emen

t an

d ot

her

biol

ogic

al r

esea

rche

s

12.

Upd

atio

n tim

eP

erio

dic

upda

ting

of v

ario

us P

GR

The

PG

R d

atab

ases

fac

ilita

te t

heU

pdat

ion

time

inF

acili

tate

inf

orm

atio

nda

taba

ses

and

othe

r on

-line

user

s se

lect

the

des

ired

mat

eria

lw

eeks

diss

emin

atio

n to

PG

Re-

gove

rnan

ce s

ervi

ces

of t

heir

choi

ceu

sers

13.

M. S

c. a

nd P

h. D

. stu

dent

sS

tude

nts

awar

ded

M.S

c. a

ndF

our M

.Sc.

and

four

to fi

ve P

h.D

.4-

5 st

uden

ts a

re a

war

ded

Som

e st

uden

ts d

rop

the

awar

ded

degr

ees

Ph.

D.

degr

ees

by P

ostg

radu

ate

stud

ents

are

reg

iste

red

in t

hede

gree

s ea

ch y

ear

cour

ses

mid

- w

ay w

ithou

tS

choo

l, IA

RI i

n th

e di

scip

line

ofdi

scip

line

each

aca

dem

ic y

ear.

com

plet

ing

thei

rP

lant

Gen

etic

Res

ourc

es (

PG

R)

de

gre

es

14.

Tech

nolo

gies

dev

elop

ed/

Tech

nolo

gies

, pa

tent

s de

velo

ped/

Tech

nolo

gies

inc

lude

con

serv

atio

nN

umbe

r of

tec

hnol

ogie

s/-

test

edte

sted

prot

ocol

s, p

aten

ting

of p

roce

ss/

pate

nts

deve

lope

d/ t

este

dpr

oduc

ts,

etc.

15.

Tra

inin

gsT

rain

ed h

uman

res

ourc

es f

orV

ario

us P

GR

man

agem

ent

Num

ber

of t

rain

ing

PG

R m

anag

emen

tor

gani

zed

(nat

iona

l/ad

dres

sing

var

ious

PG

R m

anag

emen

tac

tiviti

es v

iz. e

xplo

ratio

n/ c

olle

ctio

n;co

urse

s or

gani

zed

requ

ires

unde

rsta

ndin

gin

tern

atio

nal)

activ

ities

at

natio

nal

leve

l ar

e es

sent

ial

rege

nera

tion,

cha

ract

eriz

atio

n an

dof

und

erly

ing

scie

ntifi

cm

aint

enan

ce;

cons

erva

tion;

prin

cipl

esqu

aran

tine

proc

essi

ng o

f m

ater

ial

unde

r ex

chan

ge r

equi

re t

rain

edhu

man

res

ourc

e

195ANNEXURE

Sec

tio

n 5

: S

pec

ific

per

form

ance

req

uir

emen

ts f

rom

oth

er d

epar

tmen

ts t

hat

are

cri

tica

l fo

rd

eliv

erin

g a

gre

ed r

esu

lts

Loca

tion

Sta

teO

rgan

isat

ion

Org

anis

atio

nR

elev

ant

Suc

cess

Wha

t is

your

Just

ifica

tion

for

Ple

ase

quan

tify

your

Wha

t ha

ppen

s if

Type

Type

Na

me

Indi

cato

rre

quire

men

t fr

omth

is r

equi

rem

ent

requ

irem

ent

from

thi

syo

ur r

equi

rem

ent

this

org

anis

atio

nO

rgan

isat

ion

is n

ot m

et

Not

App

licab

le

Sec

tion

6: O

utco

me/

Impa

ct o

f act

iviti

es o

f Dep

artm

ent/

Min

istr

y

S.N

o.O

utco

me/

impa

ctJo

intly

res

pons

ible

for

inf

luen

cing

Suc

cess

ind

icat

or(s

)U

nit

2012

-20

13-

2014

-20

15-

2016

-th

is o

utco

me/

impa

ct w

ith t

he2

01

32

01

42

01

52

01

62

01

7fo

llow

ing

depa

rtm

ent(

s),

orga

nisa

tion

(s),

min

istr

y (ie

s)

1.F

acili

tatin

g ex

chan

ge/

Bre

eder

s an

d ot

her

rese

arch

ers

Acc

essi

ons

unde

rN

um

be

r31

,964

31,5

4820

,741

30,8

0430

,000

intr

oduc

tion

of g

enet

ic r

esou

rces

in N

AR

S in

dent

ing

the

mat

eria

lex

chan

ge p

roce

ssed

by a

dopt

ing

strin

gent

qua

rant

ine

for

quar

antin

em

ea

sure

scl

eara

nce*

2.F

acili

tatin

g av

aila

bilit

y of

ex

situ

Bre

eder

s an

d ot

her

rese

arch

ers

Num

ber

of g

erm

plas

mN

um

be

r11

,946

9,04

310

,110

9,10

111

,000

cons

erve

d ge

rmpl

asm

for

use

in N

AR

S u

sing

the

ger

mpl

asm

acce

ssio

ns s

uppl

ied

toin

cro

p im

prov

emen

tus

ers

in N

AR

S**

* In

terc

eptio

n an

d re

stric

ting

the

entr

y of

qua

rant

ine

pest

s ha

s re

sulte

d in

ave

rtin

g an

ticip

ated

yie

ld lo

sses

in d

iffer

ent

crop

s.**

Mak

ing

avai

labl

e th

e de

sire

d ge

rmpl

asm

(el

ite l

andr

aces

, tr

ait

spec

ific

germ

plas

m,

regi

ster

ed g

erm

plas

m,

etc.

) to

div

erse

use

rs h

as b

een

help

ful

in e

nhan

cing

the

prod

uctio

n an

d pr

oduc

tivity

of

vario

us c

rops

in N

AR

S.

For

exa

mpl

e, a

bout

100

var

ietie

s in

diff

eren

t cr

ops

have

bee

n de

velo

ped

by u

sing

indi

geno

usly

ass

embl

edge

rmpl

asm

and

abo

ut 2

5 va

rietie

s ha

ve b

een

deve

lope

d by

int

rodu

ced

germ

plas

m f

rom

exo

tic s

ourc

es.

okf"kZd izfrosnu - Annual Report - NBPGR

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Transcript of okf"kZd izfrosnu - Annual Report - NBPGR