GENERAL SHIP

KNOWLEDGE

- MRI 2303 -

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -2-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Climate impacts: temperature and precipitation Ship and sea lanes

Waterways and navigation

Ports and infrastructure

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -3-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on ship and sea lanes Temperature increase

• Reduce amount of sea ice in many important shipping lanes

• Extending the shipping season

Sea level rise able to accommodate larger ships

• Reducing shipping costs

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -4-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on ship and sea lanes Warmer winters

• Lead to less snow and ice accumulation on vessels, decks, and rigging in marine transportation

In the Arctic, could also open up the possibility of a Northwest Passage

• Reduce shipping times and distances

• Pathway for invasive species transport and survival

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -5-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on ship and sea lanes Changes in precipitation can affect shipping as

well

Flooding could close shipping channels

Increased runoff from extreme precipitation events could cause silt and debris to build up

• Leading to shallower channels

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -6-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on ship and sea lanes Changes in precipitation affects sediments

accumulation

• Make existing channels shallower and less accessible

More severe storms could increase disruptions in marine travel and shipping

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -7-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Ice conditions

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -8-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on waterways and navigation Higher sea levels will mean lower clearance

under waterway bridges

Ships could face weight restrictions as channels become too shallow

In areas experiencing increasing drought, water levels could periodically decrease

• Limiting inland shipping on rivers

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -9-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on waterways and navigation Dry periods low water levels

• Vessels have only limited draught and load capacity

Melting snow or heavy rainfalls extremely high water level

• Certain routes might even be closed to shipping

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -10-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on waterways and navigation Precipitation has the greatest impact on water

levels

Waterways used to connect the environment as well as for shipping

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -11-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Inland

navigation

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -12-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on port and infrastructure Higher tides and storm surges as sea levels rise

• Coastal infrastructure, harbor facilities, docks and bridges, may have to be raised

Significant disruptions and damage

• Combination of relative sea level rise, more intense hurricanes and tropical storms

MRI 2302 GENERAL SHIP KNOWLEDGE

[4] METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE STUDY -13-

EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

Impacts on port and infrastructure