Networks College of computer & information system Jazan ...

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Department of Computer ENGINEERING - Networks

College of computer & information system

Jazan University, Jazan

KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

LABORATORY MANUAL

Microprocessor & assembly language

(CNET 315)

Prepared BY: Naasir Kamaal khan, COURSE COORDINATOR

REVISED: SEPTEMBER 2013

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This document is an academic resource focused on the function and design of the

various components necessary to process information digitally. This document has

been prepared to suffice as a laboratory manual for CNET 315 Microprocessor and

Assembly Language course for Computer Science & Computer Network students.

The manual consists of a set of experiments designed to allow students to build,

and verify DEBUG and TASM systems. This set of experiments cover relevant

topics prescribed in the syllabus and are designed to fortify the theoretical concepts

taught in the classroom with practical experience in the lab. By the end of the

course, students are expected to have a good understanding of Assembly Language

and implementation on DEBUG & TASM software. .

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List of Programs

No. Name of Program

1 Introduction of DEBUG and its commands.

2 Demonstration of Display, Fill, Enter, and Register Flag commands.

3 Write down your name in DEBUG & Display it.

4 Display Flag Register of 8086 in DEBUG & change status of each Flag.

5 Write a Program in DEBUG to Add two 16 bit numbers.

6 Write a Program in DEBUG to Subtract two 16 bit numbers.

7 Write a Program in DEBUG to Multiply two 16 bit numbers.

8 Write a Program in DEBUG to Divide two 16 bit numbers.

9 Write a Program in DEBUG to transfer a Data block from Data Segment to Data Segment.

10 Write a Program in DEBUG to transfer a Data block from Data Segment to Extra Segment using

STRING instruction.

11 Write a Program in DEBUG to reverse string of 32 bits.

12 Write a Program in DEBUG to find out number of even numbers and odd numbers in a series.

13 Write a Program in DEBUG to arrange a series of bytes in ascending order.

14 Write a Program in DEBUG to convert CASES of given string.

15 Write a Program in DEBUG to check if entered string is Palindrome or not.

16 Write a Program in DEBUG to demonstrate working of keyboard as typewriter.

17 Write a Program in TASM to Add two 16 bit numbers.

18 Write a Program in TASM to Subtract two 16 bit numbers.

19 Write a Program in TASM to Multiply two 16 bit numbers.

20 Write a Program in TASM to Divide two 16 bit numbers.

21 Write a Program in TASM to calculate Area of Circle. (8087)

22 Write a Program in TASM to calculate Hypotenuse of a triangle using Pythagoras theorem.

(8087)

23 Write a Program in TASM to calculate Roots of quadratic equation. (8087)

24 Write a Program in TASM to calculate Resonant frequency. (8087)

Hint: F = 1/ (2* *sqrt(L*C))

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Experiment # 1

This experiment will introduce you to DEBUG, allowing you to become familiar with the

process of assembling, debugging and executing an assembly language program with a PC.

DEBUG is a program available with every version of WINDOWS and DOS. Here you will learn

how to use DEBUG to assemble, disassemble, execute and debug assembly language programs

with a PC. You will also be instructed on how to examine and modify the memory and CPU

registers of your PC.

DEBUG

This tutorial is made to present an overview of the DEBUG.COM program for the IBM PC.

This utility can be extremely useful, when used correctly. It is almost a must for Assembler

language programmers, and can also provide an insight into the operation of the machine at

the bit level. It has several nice features, including the ability to display and change any of the

registers in the IBMPC, start and stop program execution at any time, change the program, and

look at diskettes, sector by sector. DEBUG works at the machine code level, but it does also

have the ability to disassemble machine code, and (at dos 2.0), assemble instructions directly into

machine code.

STARTING DEBUG

There are two ways to start DEBUG with a file. Both ways produce the same results, and either

can be used.

In the Command Line: C>debug

Separate from the command line: C>debug

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With either method, you will get the DEBUG prompt of a hyphen (-). DEBUG has loaded your

program and is ready to run. The description of each instruction will assume this as a starting

point, unless otherwise mentioned. If at any time you get different results, check your procedure

carefully. If you do have problems, you can enter the command Q (Quit) any time you have

the DEBUG prompt (-). This should return you to the DOS prompt.

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The Debug prompt, a hyphen (-).

Debug commands

Command Description

? Displays a list of the Debug commands.

A Assembles 8086/8087/8088 mnemonics.

C Compares two portions of memory.

D Displays the contents of a portion of memory.

E Enters data into memory starting at a specified address.

F Fills a range of memory with specified values.

G Runs the executable file that is in memory.

H Performs hexadecimal arithmetic.

I Displays one byte value from a specified port.

L Loads the contents of a file or disk sectors into memory.

M Copies the contents of a block of memory.

N Specifies a file for an l or w command, or specifies the parameters for the file you

are testing.

O Sends one byte value to an output port.

P Executes a loop, a repeated string instruction, a software interrupt, or a subroutine.

Q Stops the Debug session.

R Displays or alters the contents of one or more registers.

S Searches a portion of memory for a specified pattern of one or more byte values.

T Executes one instruction and then displays the contents of all registers, the status of

all flags, and the decoded form of the instruction that Debug will execute next.

U Disassembles bytes and displays the corresponding source statements.

W Writes the file being tested to a disk.

Xa Allocates expanded memory.

Xd Deallocates expanded memory.

xm Maps expanded memory pages.

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xs Displays the status of expanded memory.

Demonstration of R command & changing value of each register.

-R AX

AX 0000

: 1234

-.

Demonstration of Fill command.

-f 0B20:0100 07FF 45

-d 0B20:0100 07FF

Demonstration of Enter command.

-e BCF:0220 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4f

-d BCF2-0220

Experiment 3: Write down your name in DEBUG and display it.

C:>debug

-E 2000:0100 ‘ Naasir Kamaal Khan’

-D 2000:0100 010A

2000:0100 4E 41 41 53 4 9 52 20 4B-4S 41 4E Naasir Kamaal Khan

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Experiment 4: Demonstration of Flag Command

C:\>debug

-r f

NV UP EI PL NZ NA PO NC -ov

-r f

OV UP EI PL NZ NA PO NC -dn

-r f

OV DN EI PL NZ NA PO NC -di

-r f

OV DN DI PL NZ NA PO NC -ng

-r f

OV DN DI NG NZ NA PO NC -zr

-r f

OV DN DI NG ZR NA PO NC -ac

-r f

OV DN DI NG ZR AC PO NC -pe

-r f

OV DN DI NG ZR AC PE NC -cy

-r f

OV DN DI NG ZR AC PE CY -

-

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Experiment 5:- Write a program in DEBUG to Add two 16 bit numbers.

C:\>debug

-a 0100

0AF8:0100 mov ax,1234

0AF8:0103 mov bx,4321

0AF8:0106 add ax,bx

0AF8:0108 int 3

0AF8:0109

-g =0100

AX=5555 BX=4321 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000 SI=0000 DI=0000

DS=0AF8 ES=0AF8 SS=0AF8 CS=0AF8 IP=0108 NV UP EI PL NZ NA PE NC

0AF8:0108 CC INT 3

Experiment 6:- Write a program in DEBUG to Subtract two 16 bit numbers.

C:\>debug

-a 0100

0AF8:0100 mov ax,1234

0AF8:0103 mov bx,4321

0AF8:0106 sub ax,bx

0AF8:0108 int 3

0AF8:0109

-g =0100

Experiment 7:- Write a program in DEBUG to Multiply two 16 bit numbers.

C:\>debug

-a 0100

0AF8:0100 mov ax,2222

0AF8:0103 mov bx,0002

0AF8:0106 mul bx

0AF8:0108 int 3

0AF8:0109

-g =0100


DS=0AF8 ES=0AF8 SS=0AF8 CS=0AF8 IP=0108 NV UP EI PL NZ NA PE NC

0AF8:0108 CC INT 3

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Experiment 8:- Write a program in DEBUG to Divide two 16 bit numbers.

C:\>debug

-a 0100

0AF8:0100 mov ax,2468

0AF8:0103 mov bx,0002

0AF8:0106 div bx

0AF8:0108 int 3

0AF8:0109

-g =0100


DS=0AF8 ES=0AF8 SS=0AF8 CS=0AF8 IP=0108 NV UP EI PL NZ NA PO NC

0AF8:0108 CC INT 3

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Experiment 9:- Write a program in DEBUG to transfer a Data block from

data segment to data segment

C:\>debug

-a 5000:0100

5000:0100 MOV AX,2000

5000:0103 MOV DS,AX

5000:0105 MOV SI,0200

5000:0108 MOV DI,0300

5000:010B MOV CX,00FF

5000:010E MOV AX,[SI]

5000:0110 MOV [DI],AX

5000:0112 INC SI

5000:0113 INC DI

5000:0114 DEC CX

5000:0115 JNZ 010e

5000:0117 INT 3

5000:0118

-e 2000:0200 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 88 77 66 55 44 33 22 11

-g =5000:0100

AX=0000 BX=0000 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000 SI=02FF DI=03FF

DS=2000 ES=0B32 SS=0B32 CS=5000 IP=0117 NV UP EI PL ZR NA PE NC

5000:0117 CC INT 3

-d 2000:0300 030f

2000:0300 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88-99 88 77 66 55 44 33 22 ."3DUfw...wfUD3"

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Experiment 10:- Write a program in DEBUG to transfer a Data block from

data segment to Extra segment using STRING function.

C:\>debug

-a 5000:0100

5000:0100 MOV AX,2000

5000:0103 MOV DS,AX

5000:0105 MOV AX,3000

5000:0108 MOV ES,AX

5000:010A MOV SI,0000

5000:010D MOV DI,0000

5000:0110 MOV CX,00FF

5000:0113 CLD

5000:0114 REP MOVSB

5000:0116 INT 3

5000:0117

-e ds:0000 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99

-g =5000:0100

AX=3000 BX=0000 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000 SI=00FF DI=00FF

DS=2000 ES=3000 SS=0B32 CS=5000 IP=0116 NV UP EI PL NZ NA PO NC

5000:0116 CC INT 3

-d es:0000 0009

3000:0000 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88-99 00 ."3DUfw...

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Experiment 11:- Write a program in DEBUG to reverse string of 32 bits.

C:\>debug

-a 2000:0100

2000:0100 MOV DX,5678

2000:0103 MOV AX,1234

2000:0106 XCHG DX,AX

2000:0107 XCHG DH,DL

2000:0109 XCHG AH,AL

2000:010B MOV CL,04

2000:010D ROL AH,CL

2000:010F ROL AL,CL

2000:0111 ROL DH,CL

2000:0113 ROL DL,CL

2000:0115 INT 3

2000:0116

-g =2000:0100


DS=0B32 ES=0B32 SS=0B32 CS=2000 IP=0115 OV UP EI PL NZ NA PO CY

2000:0115 CC INT 3

-

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Experiment 12:- Write a program in DEBUG to arrange a series of bytes in

ascending order.

-A 0100

0AF5:0100 MOV DL,03

0AF5:0102 MOV CL,DL

0AF5:0104 MOV SI,1000

0AF5:0107 MOV AL,[SI]

0AF5:0109 CMP AL,[SI+1]

0AF5:010C JL 0113

0AF5:010E XCHG [SI+1],AL

0AF5:0111 XCHG [SI],AL

0AF5:0113 INC SI

0AF5:0114 LOOP 0107

0AF5:0116 DEC DL

0AF5:0118 JNZ 0102

0AF5:011A INT 3

0AF5:011B

-E DS:1000 53 25 19 02

-G =0100


DS=0AF5 ES=0AF5 SS=0AF5 CS=0AF5 IP=011A NV UP EI PL ZR NA PE NC

0AF5:011A CC INT 3

-D DS:1000 1003

0AF5:1000 02 19 25 53

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Experiment 13:- Write a program in DEBUG to find out number of Even and

Odd numbers in a series.

-A 0100

0AF5:0100 XOR BX,BX

0AF5:0102 XOR DX,DX

0AF5:0104 MOV CL,0F

0AF5:0106 MOV SI,1000

0AF5:0109 MOV AL,[SI]

0AF5:010B RCR AL,1

0AF5:010D JC 0112

0AF5:010F INC BX

0AF5:0110 JMP 0113

0AF5:0112 INC DX

0AF5:0113 INC SI

0AF5:0114 DEC CL

0AF5:0116 JNZ 0109

0AF5:0118 INT 3

0AF5:0119

-E DS:1000 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

-G =0100

AX=4412 BX=0007 CX=0000 DX=0008 SP=FFEE BP=0000 SI=100F DI=0000

DS=0AF5 ES=0AF5 SS=0AF5 CS=0AF5 IP=0118 NV UP EI PL ZR NA PE CY

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Experiment 14:- Write a program in DEBUG to convert CASES of given

string.

C:\>DEBUG

-A 135A:1000

135A:1000 MOV AX,2000

135A:1003 MOV DS,AX

135A:1005 MOV SI,1000

135A:1008 MOV AX,[SI]

135A:100A CMP AL,24

135A:100C JZ 1021

135A:100E CMP AL,61

135A:1010 JC 101A

135A:1012 SUB AX,20

135A:1015 MOV [SI],AL

135A:1017 INC SI

135A:1018 JMP 1008

135A:101A ADD AL,20

135A:101C MOV [SI],AL

135A:101E INC SI

135A:101F JMP 1008

135A:1021 MOV AH,09

135A:1023 INT 21

135A:1025 INT 20

135A:1027

-A 2000:1000

2000:1000 DB ‘COMPUTER$’

2000:1008 INT 3

2000:1009

-G =1000

computer

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Experiment No. 15 - Write a Program in DEBUG to check if entered string is Palindrome

or not.

-A 0100

0AF8:0100 mov cx,0000

0AF8:0103 mov ax,0b00

0AF8:0106 mov ds,ax

0AF8:0108 mov ax,0c00

0AF8:010B mov es,ax

0AF8:010D mov si,0010

0AF8:0110 mov di,0030

0AF8:0113 mov al,[si]

0AF8:0115 cmp al,24

0AF8:0117 jz 0120

0AF8:0119 cld

0AF8:011A movsb

0AF8:011B inc cx

0AF8:011C dec di

0AF8:011D dec di

0AF8:011E jmp 0113

0AF8:0120 inc di

0AF8:0121 mov si,0010

0AF8:0124 cld

0AF8:0125 repz

0AF8:0126 cmpsb

0AF8:0127 jnz 0132

0AF8:0129 mov dx,0400

0AF8:012C mov ah,09

0AF8:012E int 21

0AF8:0130 int 20

0AF8:0132 mov dx,0500

0AF8:0135 mov ah,09

0AF8:0137 int 21

0AF8:0139 int 20

0AF8:013B

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-A 0B00:0010

0B00:0010 db 'malyalam$'

0B00:0019 int 21

0B00:001B

-a 0b00:0400

0B00:0400 db 'palindrome$'

0B00:040B int 21

0B00:040D

-a 0b00:0500

0B00:0500 db 'not palindrome$'

0B00:050F int 3

0B00:0510

-g =0100

not palindrome

Program terminated normally

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Experiment No. 16 - Write a Program in DEBUG to demonstrate working of keyboard as

typewriter.

C:\>DEBUG

-A 1365:0100

1365:0100 MOV AX,2000

1365:0103 MOV DS,AX

1365:0105 MOV DX,0000

1365:0108 MOV AH,09

1365:010A INT 21

1365:010C MOV AH,01

1365:010E INT 21

1365:0110 CMP AL,00

1365:0112 JE 0116

1365:0114 JMP 010E

1365:0116 INT 20

1365:0118 INT 3

1365:0119

-A 2000:0000

2000:0000 DB 'Please enter any character and press function key to terminate:$'

2000:0040 INT 21

2000:0042 INT 3

2000:0043

-G =1365:0100

Please enter any character and press function key to terminate:Your course name

is microprocessor and assembly language

C:\>

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Output window

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Experiment No. 17 - Write a Program in TASM to Add two 16 bit numbers.

DATA SEGMENT

NUM1 DW 4321H

NUM2 DW 1234H

RESULT DW ?

CARRY DB 00H

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT

ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA

START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

MOV AX,NUM1

ADD AX,NUM2

JNC JUMP

MOV CARRY,01H

JUMP: MOV RESULT,AX

INT 03H

CODE ENDS

END START

Output window

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Experiment No. 18 - Write a Program in TASM to subtract two 16 bit numbers.

DATA SEGMENT

NUM1 DW 4321H

NUM2 DW 1234H

RESULT DW ?

BORROW DB 00H

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START:MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

MOV AX,NUM1

SUB AX,NUM2

JNC JUMP

MOV BORROW,01H

JUMP:MOV RESULT,AX

INT 03H

CODE ENDS

END START

Output window

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Experiment No. 19 - Write a Program in TASM to multiply two 16 bit numbers.

DATA SEGMENT

NUM1 DW 4321H

NUM2 DW 1234H

RESULT DD ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

MOV DX,0000H

MOV AX,NUM1

MUL NUM2

MOV WORD PTR RESULT,AX

MOV WORD PTR RESULT+2,DX

INT 03H

CODE ENDS

END START

Output window

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Experiment No. 20 - Write a Program in TASM to divide two 16 bit numbers.

DATA SEGMENT

NUM1 DW 4321H

NUM2 DW 1234H

REM DW ?

QUO DW ?

RESULT DD ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

MOV DX,0000H

MOV AX,NUM1

DIV NUM2

MOV QUO,AX

MOV REM,DX

INT 03H

CODE ENDS

END START

Output window

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Experiment No. 21 - Write a Program in TASM to calculate Area of Circle. (8087)

DATA SEGMENT

RADIUS DD 5.0

PIE DD 3.14

AREA DD ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

FINIT

FLD RADIUS

FMUL RADIUS

FMUL PIE

FST AREA

INT 03

CODE ENDS

END START

Output Window

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Experiment No. 22 - Write a Program in TASM to calculate Hypotenuse of a triangle using

Pythagoras theorem. (8087)

DATA SEGMENT

SIDE1 DD 5.0

SIDE2 DD 12.0

HYPO DD ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

FINIT

FLD SIDE1

FMUL SIDE1

FLD SIDE2

FMUL SIDE2

FADD

FSQRT

FST HYPO

INT 03

CODE ENDS

END START

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Experiment No. 23 - Write a Program in TASM to calculate Roots of quadratic equation.

(8087)

DATA SEGMENT

A DD 1.0

B DD 5.0

C DD 6.0

K DD 2.0

X DD ?

X1 DD ?

X2 DD ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

FINIT

FLD A

FLD C

FMUL ST(0),ST(1)

FADD ST(0),ST(0)

FADD ST(0),ST(0)

FLD B

FMUL ST(0),ST(0)

FSUB ST(0),ST(1)

FSQRT

FST X

FLD K

FLD B

FSUBR ST(0),ST(2)

FDIV ST(0),ST(1)

FST X1

FLD B

FCHS

FSUB ST(0),ST(3)

FDIV ST(0),ST(2)

FST X2

INT 03

CODE ENDS

END START

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Output window

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Experiment No. 24 - Write a Program in TASM to calculate resonant frequency. (8087)

DATA SEGMENT

RES DD 7.0

CAP DD 7.0

C1 DD 1.0

C2 DD 2.0

FREQ DD ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

FINIT

FLD RES

FMUL CAP

FLDPI

FMUL

FMUL C2

FSQRT

FDIVR C1

FST FREQ

INT 03

CODE ENDS

END START

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